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FY2024 Annual Report · AptarGroup
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Astron Limited
Astron Corporation Limited
Annual
24
20
Report

Astron 2024 Annual Report
Cautionary Statement 
Certain sections of this report contain forward looking statements that are subject to risk factors 
associated with, among others, the economic and business circumstances occurring from time to time 
in the countries and sectors in which the Astron Corporation Limited and its controlled subsidiaries 
(‘Astron Group’ or ‘Astron’) operates. It is believed that the expectations reflected in these statements are 
reasonable, but they may be affected by a wide range of variables which could cause results to differ 
materially from those currently. 
Forward Looking Statements
This document may include “forward looking statements” within the meaning of securities laws of 
applicable jurisdictions. Forward looking statements can generally be identified by the use of the words 
“anticipate”, “believe”, “expect”, “project”, “forecast”, “estimate”, “likely”, “intend”, “should”, “could”, “may”, 
“target”, “plan”, “guidance” and other similar expressions. Indications of, and guidance on, future earning 
or dividends and financial position and performance are also forward-looking statements. 
Such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and 
unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are beyond the control of Astron and its 
related bodies corporate, together with their respective directors, officers, employees, agents or advisers, 
that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statement. 
Actual results, performance or achievements may vary materially from any forward-looking statements 
and the assumptions on which those statements are based. 
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward looking statements and Astron assumes 
no obligation to update such information. Specific regard should be given to the risk factors outlined 
in this report (amongst other things). This report is not, and does not constitute, an offer to sell or 
the solicitation, invitation or recommendation to purchase any securities and neither this report nor 
anything contained in it forms the basis of any contract or commitment.
Corporate Governance Statement
Astron Corporation Limited’s Corporate Governance Statement for 2024 can be found on Astron’s 
website at: www.astronlimited.com.au 
2

3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Products Overview	 	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
4
2024 Year in Review	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
5
From the Chairman		
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
6
From the Managing Director	
	
	
	
	
	
	
9
Astron History	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
12
Board and Management	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
14
Company FY2024 Operating Performance	
	
	
	
	
16
The Donald Project		
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
18
Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project	
	
	
	
	
20
Products Overview	 	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
26
Other Activities	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
28
Environmental Social Governance Report	
	
	
	
	
30
Ore Reserves & Mineral Resources Statement	 	
	
	
	
32
Annual Financial Statements	
	
	
	
	
	
	
36
Additional information for Listed Public Companies	 	
	
	
111
Glossary of Abbreviations and Defined Terms	 	
	
	
	
114
Corporate Directory	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
115

Astron 2024 Annual Report
4
PRODUCTS OVERVIEW
Mineral Sands – Used in Every-day Household Applications
Zircon minerals are zirconium silicates (ZrSiO4). They are widely used in 
the manufacture of ceramics, such as tiles and sanitaryware; refractories 
and other coatings with casting & foundry applications; special coatings 
for glass and marine equipment; as well as in a range of other speciality 
applications.
Cutting-edge technology for solid state batteries, which will enable the 
use of long-range electric vehicles, is expected to use zirconium and 
lithium metal alloys.
Titanium is predominately used in the paint and pigment industry, 
titanium-based paint is safe and non-hazardous; titanium metal is used in 
aerospace and healthcare. 
Rare Earths – Critical for the Energy Transition
Rare earths, comprising of the lanthanide series and scandium and 
yttrium, are a group of chemically similar metallic elements. Rare earths 
have wide-ranging applications in energy transition, most notably in 
permanent magnets which are used in electric vehicles, or wind power 
generation. 
Rare earths are also used in consumer electronics and strategic defence 
industries. The demand for rare earths is forecast to increase exponentially, 
most notably for the magnet elements of Neodymium, Praseodymium, 
Terbium, Dysprosium, which are found in monazite and xenotime minerals.
Astron’s Donald Project holds the world’s fourth largest, rare-earth resource.
Astron places the utmost importance on rehabilitating the land it mines, 
and recognises rehabilitated land as one of its core products. Mineral sands 
mining involves the progressive rehabilitation of excavated land back to 
its original land use, whether it be pastoral, cropping or native vegetation.
Through detailed planning and test-work (Astron has excavated and 
rehabilitated test pits, which now host productive agricultural crops), and 
adherence to stringent protocols for the restoration of areas excavated. 
Astron is confident that it can reinstate the soil to a condition that closely 
resembles its original state. 
Rehabilitated Land
Zr
Ti

5
2024 YEAR IN REVIEW
$183m
JV
U$17.5M
51%
EQUITY INVESTMENT 
SECURED FOR DONALD 
PROJECT PHASE 1
SHARES IN ENERGY FUELS 
TO BE RECEIVED OVER 2 
TRANCHES
OFF-TAKE 
 
100% REEC OFFTAKE
FOR PHASES 1 & 2 SECURED
FID
 
ADVANCING TOWARD  
FID Q1 2025
TARGETED FULL-SCALE 
PRODUCTION BY 2027
ASTRON 
APPOINTED JV MANAGER
ASTRON RETAINS 51%
ENERGY FUELS EARNS  
UP TO 49%
The Donald Project 
Joint Venture

Astron 2024 Annual Report
6
FROM THE CHAIRMAN
These 
achievements 
are 
only possible through the 
commitment and hard work 
of the Company’s growing 
team of professionals, and the 
support of its shareholders 
and the members of the 
communities 
in 
which 
it 
operates.
With the ability to produce both valuable heavy minerals 
and rare earths, and its potentially greater than 50-year 
life, the Donald Project will be strongly represented in 
two diverse and largely independent market sectors. 
This provides greater protection against adverse market 
demand and price cycles than is available to single 
sector minerals operations. 
Furthermore, with its suite of light (neodymium and 
praseodymium) and heavy (terbium and dysprosium) 
rare earth elements, the project can support both 
the high volume and the high price segments of the 
rare earths market. These attributes place the Donald 
project in a unique position to grow value for Astron’s 
shareholders.
Foremost among Astron’s achievements during the 
year is the execution of a joint venture agreement with 
the US critical minerals company, Energy Fuels Inc. The 
agreement, whereby Energy Fuels can earn up to a 49% 
interest in the joint venture, is described more fully in 
this Annual Report. It provides for Energy Fuels to fund 
$183 million of project development cost which is a 
substantial component of the total funding requirement 
for the first phase of the Donald Project. 
In accordance with the agreement Energy Fuels 
issued US$3.5 million of its stock to Astron when the 
conditions precedent to the joint venture were satisfied 
in September 2024, and a further US$14 million will be 
issued when the final investment decision to proceed 
with project development is made by the joint venture 
partners. 
Prior to the satisfaction of all conditions precedent 
to the joint venture agreement, Energy Fuels funded 
project expenditure by way of an interest-free loan 
which was then converted to joint venture equity. The 
final investment decision is expected in the first quarter 
of CY2025.
The Donald Project joint venture agreement also 
provides for Energy Fuels to purchase 100% of the 
project’s rare earths product for processing at its plant in 
Utah. Importantly, this will establish a rare earths value 
chain between Australia and the United States which 
is aligned with the Australian Government’s Critical 
Minerals Strategy. 
Under the agreement, Astron has the option to purchase 
up to 100% of the projects’ heavy minerals product (a 
concentrate containing zircon and titanium dioxide 
minerals) for further processing at its mineral separation 
plant in Yingkou, China or sale to third parties.
Other notable achievements during the year include 
the submission, towards the end of CY2023, of the 
draft Donald Project Work Plan to the Earth Resources 
Regulator within the Victorian Government Department 
of Energy, Environment and Climate Action. The 
Victorian Government approval of the Work Plan is the 
final major regulatory approval required for the project 
to proceed to construction. 
The Work Plan describes the nature and scale of the 
proposed mining activities, identifies and assesses all 
risks which the works may pose to the environment 
and to the public, details the nature of community 
engagement, and includes a risk management plan for 
the purpose of eliminating or minimising identified risks 
and monitoring performance. At the time of writing, 
Astron understands that the Work Plan approvals 
process is well-advanced with approval expected prior 
to the end of CY2024.
In February 2024, the Company announced the 
execution of an Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) 
agreement, for the first phase of the Donald Project, 
with Sedgman Pty Ltd, a leading Australian engineering 
and construction firm with extensive experience in 
mineral processing solutions. 
Dear Shareholder 
Astron’s achievements in the financial year to 30 June 2024 have propelled the Donald 
Rare Earths and Mineral Sands Project to a leading position globally among projects 
which are targeting the looming supply shortfalls in the valuable zircon and titanium 
feedstock markets, as well as those planning to meet the increasing demand for rare 
earths from western world supply chains.

7
The ECI phase of the project is a vital step towards 
finalisation of the full project delivery contract for 
the processing plant and associated infrastructure. It 
involves the optimisation of the technical solution, 
the execution strategy, and other relevant services to 
progress the development of the project. The ECI will 
be followed by detailed design for the processing plant. 
Work under the ECI agreement is continuing into the 
second half of CY2024.
Subsequent to the 2024 financial year-end, the 
Company announced the conversion to equity of 
convertible notes with a face value of $6 million and a 
corresponding reduction in the Company’s borrowings. 
The Convertible notes had been issued to Collins 
Street Asset Management (CSAM) which has been a 
long-term supporter of the company and its business 
strategy. The conversion of the notes resulted in 
CSAM becoming a substantial shareholder of Astron 
Corporation Limited, with an interest of 6.3% in the 
issued capital of the Company.
Astron’s Chinese operations were hampered by the 
shortage of suitable feedstocks throughout the year. 
However, successful testing of feedstocks from third 
parties, and subsequent discussions about long term 
processing arrangements, have the potential to support 
higher plant utilisation in the future. 
Furthermore, evaluation of options to process part or all 
of the Donald Project heavy minerals concentrate at the 
Yingkou mineral separation plant, are continuing.
In other areas of the business, the Company has 
commenced negotiations with the Government of 
Senegal with a view to reinstatement of its Senegalese 
Mining Licence which the Company believes was 
invalidly withdrawn towards the end of CY2023. 
The Company is optimistic about achieving a 
positive outcome.
I wish to express my gratitude to my fellow board 
members who have made a significant contribution in 
terms of time, expertise and advice to the company’s 
progress through the year. In particular, I note the 
contribution of Madam Kang Rong who stepped down 
from an executive director role, with responsibility for 
the Company’s Chinese operations, to become a non-
executive director. The Company has benefited greatly 
from Mdm Rong’s capabilities and contributions over 
nearly 30 years. 
In conclusion, I wish to thank all employees for their 
unstinting contribution to the Company’s progress 
through the Financial Year and subsequently; it 
reflects their commitment, hard work, capability and 
collaborative approach. 
In addition, I thank our corporate, financial and technical 
advisers who we also regard as key members of the 
team. The board values every member of the Astron 
team.
George Lloyd 
Chairman

Astron 2024 Annual Report
‘‘	
WITH THIS JOINT VENTURE, EQUITY 
FUNDING AND OFFTAKE ARE SECURED.  
ASTRON WILL NOW FOCUS ON 
SECURING THE PROJECT DEBT  
FUNDING AND DELIVERING THE  
FINAL INVESTMENT DECISION (FID).’’
Astron Chairman George Lloyd (L), with Ibrahima Diaw (R) 
at Astron’s Mineral Separation Plant in Yingkou Aug 2024.
8

9
In FY24, the Company under-
took another significant step in 
its development journey. Most 
notably, in June, the company 
announced 
the 
execution 
of a binding Joint Venture 
agreement with Energy Fuels 
Inc., 
a 
United 
States-based 
and New York Stock Exchange 
listed critical minerals company, 
to develop the Donald Rare Earths and Mineral Sands 
Project and establish an independent rare earths supply 
value chain linking Australian minerals with U.S.-based 
processing facilities. 
The Joint Venture will see Energy Fuels provide an equity 
investment of A$183m, as well as issue to Astron Energy 
Fuels common shares to the value of US$17.5m in two 
tranches. The investment in the Joint Venture is expected 
to satisfy most of the equity capital for the construction of 
the first phase of the Donald Project. 
Energy Fuels is an ideal partner for Astron to bring  the 
Donald Project to life. The companies have strongly 
complementary interests with Energy Fuels bringing 
technical excellence and knowledge as one of 3 
companies in the Western world capable of producing 
rare earth oxides. Under the arrangement, Astron, with 
its long 35-year history in the mineral sands industry, will 
continue to focus on the zircon and titanium feedstocks 
and downstream markets while benefiting from the 
expansion of the global rare earths market.
Donald Project 
With Joint Venture, funding and rare earths offtake 
secured, Astron will now focus on securing the project 
debt funding and delivering the Final Investment Decision 
(FID) for development to commence.  To that end, a 
number of milestones were reached to facilitate an FID as 
early as the first quarter of FY25, these include: 
•	 the submission of the Work Plan to the Victorian Earth 
Resources Regulator in October 2023 and on-going 
engagement;
•	 the appointment of Sedgman Pty Ltd as leading 
engineers to deliver the early contractor involvement 
package for the processing plant; 
•	  the competitive tender and short-listing of key contract 
packages including earthworks, mining, transport and 
logistics; and 
•	 the delivery of a detailed project execution plan and an 
operational readiness plan. 
The Donald Project is a long-life Tier 1 mining asset, comprising a world class reserve 
of rare earths, zircon and titanium minerals with the potential to generate significant 
value through low-risk conventional mining and heavy mineral processing operations.
FROM THE MANAGING DIRECTOR
Market Outlook – Medium Term
The outlook for Mineral Sands products remains positive 
for the medium term as global demand for Zircon and 
Titanium Dioxide products remains stable and the existing 
sources of production continue to deplete.  The traditional 
mainstays of zircon supply, notably those in Australia, are 
expected to deplete within the next 3-5 years.
The demand for rare earths in existing and emerging 
technology applications, as well as for energy transition, 
continues to increase against a backdrop where the 
Western world governments seek to secure an ex-China 
supply chain for these critical elements. Donald’s proposed 
scale and development timing are crucial not only to 
meeting the supply requirements for the zircon industry 
but also to supply rare earths for the energy transition. 
China 
FY2024 was a challenging year for Astron’s Chinese 
operations. Overcapacity in the Chinese mineral separation 
market, which will be be to the Donald Project’s benefit, 
has proven to be a short-term detriment to operations at 
Yingkou. 
During the financial year, heavy mineral concentrate prices 
remained high despite declining prices for the mineral 
sands products of ilmenite, rutile and zircon. Operating 
margins for mineral separation plants decreased across 
China, with many opting to produce at a loss to secure 
consistent feedstock supplies. 
Under this market background, the Company carried out 
a number of significant changes to its Yingkou operations, 
these included:
•	 a strategic review of management and operations 
personnel; 
•	 a review of the carrying value of assets; and 
•	 the sale of non-core assets, including the return of land 
held in Bayuquan, China to the Liaoning government 
for RMB7.5 million which was received in H2 FY24.
Yingkou MSP June 2024

Astron 2024 Annual Report
10
FROM THE MANAGING DIRECTOR
Despite the operations in China contributing to a gross 
loss of $2.7 million for the year, the second half of the 
financial year saw improvements in operating efficiency 
and performance. 
Post the financial year, the Company undertook a 
production trial of a new feedstock, which yielded positive 
results. This is expected to lead to a longer-term contract 
that will contribute towards turning the operations around 
in the coming financial year. 
Senegal 
In late 2023, prior to the election that saw the removal 
of the incumbent president, the government of Senegal 
issued an order purporting to withdraw the mining license 
granted to Senegal Mineral Resources SA (SMR), Astron’s 
operating subsidiary. 
Astron is of the view that the order is illegal and did not 
follow the necessary procedures as set out in the Mining 
Code of Senegal. Post the election, the Company is in 
discussions with the new government and is optimistic 
about achieving a positive outcome. 
Gambia 
As outlined in previous years, the republic of Gambia owes 
approximately A$32 million to Astron by way of damages 
awarded by an International Centre for Settlement of 
Investment Disputes (ICSID) determination. This was a 
result of an illegal seizure of Astron’s mining operation in 
the country. 
While the recovery of the award is slow, the company 
remains determined to recover the award and will 
continue to pursue recovery with the help of its litigation 
funder. 
Personnel Appointments / Changes
As Astron continues to evolve, the company has added 
depth to its operational and project teams. Notable 
appointments include Grant Huggins, as General Manager 
of Operations, and Bruno Putrino, as Financial Controller. 
Both, highly qualified, will bring decades of relevant 
mineral sands experience and make a significant 
contribution to the Astron team. In addition, the Company 
has appointed  BG&E Resources Pty Ltd, as a dedicated 
project management office which will assist the Donald 
Project through the upcoming development phase. 
“The Bourew women’s section of Fongny Diabang Kounda supports the SMR company for the development of the mineral resources of 
Casamance.  We ask the state and new government to support Senegal Mineral Resources for all resource exploitation.”

11
Integration
With Covid-19 in the rear-view mirror, the Company can 
once again leverage its global networks to achieve better 
outcomes. I wish to express my gratitude to members of 
our team and our contractors across the globe for their 
hard work over the previous year. 
The operation of different divisions, however far apart, is 
interlinked through the aim of establishing Astron as a 
globally significant critical minerals producer. 
Next Steps 
I look forward, with great excitement, to the year ahead. 
Financial year 2025 is expected to be a pivotal year for 
Astron, with key targets of: 
For Donald Project Phase 1
1.	 obtaining final approvals – with all other key approvals 
received, the final outstanding approval is the approval 
is the project Work Plan, targeted for H2 CY24; 
2.	 finalising detailed project capital and operating 
estimates sufficient for a final investment decision to 
be taken; 
3.	 obtaining sufficient project financing – most notably 
debt, where discussions are on-going and advanced; 
and
4.	 a positive final investment decision. 
For Donald Project Phase 2
5.	 additional geological definition and delineation, to 
improve confidence in the existing resource, and target 
the finer 20–38-micron mineral fraction as well as the 
heavy rare earths containing xenotime mineral;
For China Operations
6.	 securing a long-term heavy mineral concentrate 
supply. 
Along with our Chairman, I wish to thank our shareholders 
for their on-going support and commend the members of 
our team for their hard work. It is only with the benefit of 
your dedication and persistence, we are now much closer 
to realising the objective of establishing ourselves as a 
globally significant mineral sands producer.
Tiger Brown 
Managing Director

Astron 2024 Annual Report
12
ASTRON HISTORY 
1983
Listed on ASX
Establishes zircon sales, marketing, chemical product processing in China
1988
Zirconium materials projects, China
1992
Shenyang Astron Mining Industries established
Import of zircon sand into China, export of zircon chemicals
1996
Zircon flour, fused zirconium manufacturing facilities, China
1997
Zirconium chemical production JVs to expand zircon chemical production capacity
2000
Bayuchuan manufacturing facility, China – expanded fused zirconia production
2001
Advanced Materials UK established – sales and product service to European markets
2004
Acquired Donald Mineral Sands resource, Victoria
Commencement of development evaluation
2007
Downstream zirconium production subsidiaries sold to Imerys S.A.
Retained mineral sands trading activities, Shenyang
Zircon, titanium, technical R&D operations, Yingkou, China
2009
Donald Project Environmental Effects Statement favourably assessed
2012
Ore Reserve Statement for part of Donald mining area
Astron Corporation formed, ASX-listed, replacing Astron Limited
Water rights for Donald project secured
2013
Completion of initial D.F.S for Donald project
2014
Construction of high purity zirconia production facility, China (completed 2017)
2015
Pilot plant treatment of Donald ore through wet concentrator plant
2017
Donald mine development and marketing studies progressed
Initial detailed studies completed
2019
Excavation of second Donald bulk ore sample
2020
Donald HMC produced for further separation testing
Hybrid mineral separation feasibility test work commenced
2022
Donald Project Mining Licence Mineral Resource updated, confirming the presence of significant rare earth elements

13
Newly installed separation spirals at Astron Yingkou Plant , May 2024
Mr. Lin and Mr. Li undertaking separation testwork for Donald HMC at Astron’s Yingkou R&D lab

Astron 2024 Annual Report
14
George Lloyd
Chairman
George has over 40 years resource industry, corporate finance and business development 
experience. He has served as a senior executive and director of a number of listed and 
unlisted companies with interests in engineering services, industrial minerals, base and 
precious metals, energy, and corporate finance. His career included a number of years as a 
senior executive with the Australian company RGC Limited, which was a global leader in the 
mineral sands industry. George is also Chairman of Ausenco Pty Ltd, a global engineering 
services provider; Chairman of VBX Pty Ltd, a developer of Australian bauxite resources; 
and a non-executive director of Cemos Group Plc, a north African cement producer.
Gerard King A.M. 
Non Executive Director
Gerard is a former partner of Lavan & Walsh, which became Phillips Fox Perth. Experienced 
in commercial contracting, mining law and corporate and ASX compliance. A former 
member of the Australian Mining & Petroleum Lawyers Association. Served as a non-
executive director for several companies. 
Dr Mark Elliott 
Non Executive Director
Mark has 27 years experience in corporate roles, both as chairman and managing director 
on several ASX-listed and private companies. Involved in identifying and securing resource 
projects, capital raisings, marketing and completing commercial agreements, feasibility 
studies, mine development plans and their execution.
Rong Kang 
Non Executive Director
Rong joined Astron in 1995 and has been a key contributor to the establishment of Astron’s 
downstream processing and global marketing and sales activities, with a deep knowledge 
of the mineral sands product market and its key participants. Board member since 2012.
BOARD AND MANAGEMENT 

15
Tiger Brown 
Managing Director
Tiger joined Astron in 2018, holding various business development planning and executive 
roles in China and Australia prior to joining the board in 2019. Appointed managing director 
in February 2021 and has overseen the detailed planning for the commercialisation of the 
Donald project.
Sean Chelius 
Donald Project Director
Sean joined Astron in January 2022 as the Project Director for the Donald Mineral Sands and 
Rare Earth project. Sean has over 30 years international experience in mining project planning 
and implementation, including full responsibility for taking projects from concept through to 
commissioning and production. His experience involves project management and engineering 
roles in Australia, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Papua New Guinea and Fiji with BHP, Anglo American, 
Newcrest, Ausenco and Worley Parsons.
Greg Bell 
Chief Financial Officer
Greg’s advisory and corporate experience spans more than 21 years, working initially 
in corporate advisory and assurance services with Deloitte, followed by 8 years with 
Mineral Deposits Limited (MDL) as Accounting Manager and then Chief Financial Officer. 
Subsequent to MDL, Greg held both consulting and executive roles with international 
mineral sands and resource companies, including in the critical minerals sector.
Jessica Reid 
General Manager Sustainability
Experienced environmental and social professional working across Australia and PNG on 
natural resource and major infrastructure projects for over 18 years as Principal at Teltra 
Tech (formerly Coffey). Previous experience includes the delivery of Donald Project ESS 
and Gippsland Renewable Energy Zone in VIC, environmental approvals for the Wafi-Golpu 
Project, OK Tedi Life Extension in PNG.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
16
COMPANY FY2024 OPERATING PERFORMANCE
Operating Performance
Financial Year 2024 was a transformational year for Astron 
as the Company prepares for the start of construction of 
the Donald Project in FY2025. This has included a number 
of significant milestones being reached, notably: 
•	 submission of the Donald Project Work Plan, which 
is the final major permit outstanding, to the Earth 
Resources Regulator;
•	 execution of a binding joint venture agreement 
between Astron and Energy Fuels Inc. which provides 
for the majority of the equity funding required; and
•	 initiation of the early contractor involvement (ECI) phase 
with Australian leading mining project engineering 
company Sedgman Pty Ltd. 
The Company recorded a consolidated net loss before 
tax of $22,324,614 (2023: $6,039,121) on sales revenue 
of $12,216,920 (2023: $14,458,725). The reduction in 
profitability over the previous year is largely attributable to:
•	 increased expenses associated with the progression of 
the Donald Project
•	 the impairment of development assets relating to the 
Niafarang Project in Senegal following the withdrawal 
of the Company’s mining licence in October 2023; and
•	 a review of the carrying values of the assets of the 
Company’s Chinese operations.
Financial Performance
Actual cash outflows from operations were A$7,864,174 
(2023: $1,647,745), reflecting the increase of corporate 
overheads and project expenditure as the Donald 
Project ramps up. The Yingkou operations continued to 
experience a negative gross margin due in part to the 
high cost of raw materials and lack of stable supply which 
persisted throughout the year.
The Company’s total borrowings including convertible 
notes at June 2024 totalled $19,945,342 (2023: $21,562,141). 
Borrowings include $3,221,201 loans advanced by Energy 
Fuels as part of the initial project funding under the Joint 
Venture agreement, these loans have now been converted 
to joint venture equity. 
Subsequent to year-end, $6 million of convertible notes 
were redeemed as shares in the Company which reduced 
borrowings by approximately $4.6 million. 
Cash and cash equivalents at 30 June were $2,745,799 
(2023: $7,204,674). Since June, Donald Project expenditure 
has been funded by Astron’s joint venture partner Energy 
Fuels which reduces the Company’s cash on hand 
requirements. 
In the financial year 2024, $7,639,145 was invested in 
exploration and evaluation (2023: $5,855,362) of the 
Donald Project as pre-construction development activities 
ramped up.

17
Final products of zircon, rutile and monazite

Astron 2024 Annual Report
Astron 2024 Annual Report
KEY HIGHLIGHTS:
•	 World’s LARGEST zircon resource
•	 Globally 4
th most significant rare earths resource
•	 Anticipated project life (over 40 years)
•	 Attractive economics for shareholders
•	 Generating wealth for the region and stakeholders
•	 Majority of equity funding secured
The Donald Project
Overview
The Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project (Donald Project) is a globally 
significant rare earth and mineral sands project located in the Wimmera region of Victoria, 
approximately 300kms north-west of Melbourne. 
The project comprises the granted mining license MIN5532 (the site of the first phase 
development of the project), retention license RL2002 (which is the site of the second 
phase of project development ), and retention license RL2003 covering a total project 
area of ~ 40,000 hectares.
The area is mainly cleared land, used for cropping and grazing, and is located close 
to supporting infrastructure. 
18

19
DONALD PROJECT
TENEMENT LOCATION PLAN
VICTORIA
Richardson River
Donald
Glenorchy
Litchfield
Watchem
Murtoa
Marnoo
Warracknabeal
Stawell
Horsham
Minyip
Rupanyup
36°10'S
36°20'S
36°30'S
36°40'S
36°50'S
37°0'S
36°10'S
36°20'S
36°30'S
36°40'S
36°50'S
37°0'S
143°0'E
142°50'E
142°40'E
142°30'E
142°20'E
142°10'E
143°0'E
142°50'E
142°40'E
142°30'E
142°20'E
142°10'E
LEGEND
Astron tenement
Resource deposit
Transport route
Major road
Minor road
Railway
Town
Major drainage
Donald Project
0
5
10
15
km
Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project
MIN5532 - held by
DMS since 2010
Phase 1 Operations
RL2003 - held by DMS since 2014
Jackson Deposit
Future Development Opportunity
0
100
200
km
To Portland
RL2002 - held by
DMS since 2014
Phase 2 Operations
EL8516 - under
application
Donald Deposit
EL = Exploration Licence
MIN = Mining Licence
RL = Retention Licence
Wimmera Intermodal
Freight Terminal
MIN5532 with an area of 27km2, 
is the site of Phase 1 of the 
Donald Project which supports a 
41.5-year mine life.
Combined, MIN5532 and RL2002  
supports a mine life of 58 years.
Any development on RL2002 would be subject to additional approvals including a new Environmental 
Effects Statement, and the conversion of a part of the RL2002 into a new mining licence.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
20
DONALD RARE EARTH & MINERAL SANDS PROJECT
The Donald Project will be developed in two-phases. 
Phase 1 activities are located  on MIN5532, and Phase 2 
is currently planned to be undertaken on RL2002
The Donald Project comprises two deposits, the Donald 
deposit and the Jackson deposit which, together 
contain a total Mineral Resource of 2.6 billion tonnes 
of ore at 4.6% heavy mineral (HM) content and includes 
the world’s largest zircon resource with over 22Mt of 
in-situ zircon. The rare earth bearing monazite content 
alone, which equates to approximately 1.6Mt of total 
rare earth oxide (TREO) equivalents, ranks the Project as 
the fourth largest of its kind outside of China.
The Phase 1 and Phase 2 development activities will be 
carried out on the Donald  deposit.
Mining Operations
Over the 41.5-year Phase 1 project life, mining 
operations will produce, on average, 7.5Mtpa of ore 
for processing to yield, on average, 229ktpa of heavy 
mineral concentrate (HMC) and 7.2ktpa of rare earth 
concentrate (REEC).
The key features of Phase 1 operations are:
•	 Conventional truck and shovel open-pit mining to be 
carried out by an independent contractor;
•	 Run of mine ore will be stockpiled and fed into a 
Mining Unit Plant (MUP) where it will be screened 
and slurried;
•	 Ore will be pumped to a Wet Concentrator Plant 
(WCP) to produce a mixed heavy mineral concentrate 
(HMC); and
•	 The mixed HMC will be fed to the concentrate 
upgrade plant (CUP) where it will be separated by 
flotation into final products consisting of a rare earth 
element concentrate (REEC) and an HMC containing 
zircon and titanium dioxide minerals.
Phase 2 will duplicate Phase 1 operations on RL2002 and 
approximately, double ore throughput and production 
of HMC and REEC, it will be subject to additional 
approvals and permitting requirements. 
Financials
Phase 1 delivers strong returns based on the Definitive 
Feasibility Study (DFS), which was released on 26 April 
2023.
•	 $852 million After tax NPV8 based on an average 
annual forecast Revenue of $314m and $148m of 
EBITDA
•	 25.8% internal rate of return
•	 41.5-year mine life and a 3.75 year payback of the 
capital investment
•	 Accesses only 17% of the total Donald Project 
Mineral Resource
•	 $392 million total Capital Requirement, including 
$364m of capital expenditure and $28m of working 
capital, at a 12% contingency (February 2023 values)
•	 500 FTE jobs into the local region – including 180 
FTEs directly employed by the Company
The Current Phase 1 capital cost estimate is expected to 
be within the range $450 - $490 (August 2024 values) 
The combined Phase 1 and Phase 2 operations are 
forecast to generate an after tax NPV of $2.2 billion 
over a 58-year mine life, according to the Phase 2 pre-
feasibility study released on 27 June 2023. It is expected 
that Phase 2 equity requirements will be largely funded 
through internally generated cashflows from Phase 1.
Project Finance
On 6 June 2024, Astron executed a binding Joint 
Venture Agreement, for the development of the Donald 
Project with Energy Fuels Inc., a U.S.-based critical 
minerals company. This partnership was formed 
following approximately six months of discussion and 
due diligence after both parties signed a Memorandum 
of Understanding to investigate the joint development 
of the Project.
Highlights
•	 $183 million investment satisfies majority of Phase 1 
equity requirement
•	 100% of rare earth offtake for Phase 1 and 2 secured 
by Energy Fuels
•	 Rare Earth offtake to feed Energy Fuel’s rare earth 
processing facility at White Mesa Mill in Utah
•	 Astron appointed as joint venture manager
•	 Astron has right to 100% of HMC offtake with options 
to process at its Yingkou Mineral Separation Plant
Under the terms of the Joint venture, Astron will 
contribute 100% of the Donald deposit, which is 
contained within mining licence MIN5532 and retention 
licence RL2002. Energy Fuels will invest $183 million to 
earn a 49% interest in the Venture. This earn-in amount 
comprises:
•	 $1.5 million which has already been paid, by way of 
an exclusivity fee, and used for project development 
activities,

21
•	 an immediately available interest-free loan to fund 
100% of Project activities until the satisfaction (or 
waiver) of the Conditions Precedent, following which 
the loan was converted to equity in the joint venture 
company, and
•	 sole funding of the balance of Donald Project 
development costs up to the earn-in amount.
On expenditure of the full earn-in amount, Energy Fuels 
will earn a 49% interest in the joint venture and Astron 
will retain a 51% interest. It is expected that Energy 
Fuel’s investment will satisfy most of the equity capital 
requirement for Phase 1 of the Donald Project. The 
remaining capital is expected to be debt-funded at the 
joint venture company level. If additional equity capital 
is required, it will be funded by the parties pro-rata to 
their Venture interests.
Energy Fuels will also issue its common stock with a 
value of US$17.5 million to Astron in two tranches, US$3.5 
million upon the satisfaction of conditions precedent 
to the Venture becoming effective and US$14.0 million 
upon approval of the Final Investment Decision (FID) 
for Phase 1 of the Donald Project. The first tranche was 
issued subsequent to financial year-end.
Astron will remain responsible for the day-to-day 
operations of the Project through its wholly owned 
subsidiary, Astron Mineral Sands Pty Ltd, which will be 
the manager of the Venture. After the start of Phase 1 
commercial production, it is intended that the Venture 
will proceed to develop Phase 2 of the Project as soon 
as reasonably practical.
Binding REEC Offtake
The REEC Offtake Agreement provides for Energy Fuels 
to purchase all of Donald REEC from the joint venture 
on a take-or-pay basis for the life of the Phase 1 and 
Phase 2 projects (which indicatively is 58 years). 
Energy Fuels will process the REEC at its White Mesa 
refinery in Utah to produce rare earth oxides for a 
wide range of uses including electric vehicle and wind 
turbine motors, defence systems, and sophisticated 
componentry in many domestic and industrial 
applications.
Historically, heavy rare earth elements have been 
sourced from mines in the south of China which 
are depleting. Processors have been turning to 
sources in lower regulatory and human rights control 
environments to meet the increasing heavy rare earth 
demand. 
With a high content of heavy rare earths in the Donald 
REEC, the Astron/Energy Fuels joint venture will provide 
an ethical source of strategic heavy rare earth elements 
that is auditable from mine to final product.
The joint venture will deliver between 7,000 to 8,000 
tonnes per year of REEC to Energy Fuels over the life 
of the Phase 1 Project. Following the commissioning 
of the Phase 2 Project, Energy Fuels will purchase 
approximately 13,000 tonnes to 14,000 tonnes of REEC 
per year.
The REEC Offtake Agreement will come into effect 
following the Venture’s Final Investment Decision for 
Phase 1 of the Donald Project. 
The price of REEC will be based on a formula derived 
from the market price of the constituent rare earth 
oxides, a payability factor, and the actual assemblage of 
the REEC product. The Venture will be responsible for 
organising transport to Energy Fuels’ White Mesa Mill 
in Utah.
Joint Venture Transaction Structure
See the following diagram for an overview of the 
Transaction between Energy Fuels (EFR) and Astron 
(ATR). See the ASX announcement dated 4th June 2024 
for a detailed summary of Joint venture terms.
1The Conditions Precedent include the transfer of assets, comprising the Donald deposit tenements (MIN5532 and RL2002) and Astron’s Donald Project 
water rights, to the joint venture company, and Energy Fuels obtaining Foreign Investment Review Board (FIRB) approval of its investment in the Project. 
The transfer of assets has been completed post year end and is detailed in the asx announcement dated 15/07/2024.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
22
Transaction Rationale
Energy Fuels is a leading US-based critical minerals 
company. The Company, as the leading producer 
of uranium in the United States, mines uranium and 
produces natural uranium concentrates that are sold to 
major nuclear utilities to produce carbon-free nuclear 
energy. Energy Fuels recently began the production 
of advanced rare earth element materials, including 
mixed REE carbonate, and plans to produce commercial 
quantities of separated REE oxides. 
The entities, Astron and Energy Fuels, have strongly 
complementary interests. Energy Fuels’ primary focus 
is the recovery and sale of rare earths products from the 
Donald Project, whereas Astron’s primary focus is on 
the production and sale of the Donald Project’s mineral 
sands products, being zircon and titanium feedstock. 
The joint venture will develop the Donald Project as 
a long-life source of critical minerals and establish a 
Western rare earth value chain with Energy Fuel’s rare 
earth processing facility in the U.S.
Geological Evaluation
A 20-hole sonic drilling program was conducted in the 
second half of the year on tenement MIN5532. Drilling 
targeted geotechnical investigations and additional bulk 
density analysis that was completed at ATC Williams 
laboratories. The drilling also provided additional bulk 
samples for processing into HMC and REEC samples 
that were sent to prospective customers for evaluation.
Project Works Tenders
As the project continues to ramp up towards the 
expected start of construction next year, tender proposals 
from a range of high calibre contractors across multiple 
work packages have been received and evaluated. 
Mining tender commercial and technical adjudications 
have been finalised and site visits have been held. 
The tender package for earthworks was issued to 
several earthmoving contractors. In addition, tenders 
have been issued for pipe-line supply and installation, 
accommodation village supply and installation, product 
transport and logistics, water/sewage treatment plants 
and general communications infrastructure.
Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project
Regulatory approvals
The Donald Rare Earth and Minerals Sands Project has been subject to detailed evaluation over many years, with all 
main regulatory approvals completed or well advanced. It is the only critical minerals project in Victoria that has the 
benefit of the positively assessed EES, a federal EPBC licence and a granted mining licence. In addition, it owns water 
rights which are sufficient to meet the requirements of the Phase 1 and Phase 2 operations.
The work plan is the major outstanding approval before construction. Astron has submitted a revised work plan after 
addressing formal feedback from government agencies. The final approval of the Work Plan is targeted in H2 CY2024 
and will pave the way for construction commencement in early 2025.
Advanced Regulatory Approval Status
Key Approval Requirement
Completed
Date 
Expiry
Environmental Effects Statement
✓
2008
N/A
EPBC (federal)
✓
Mar-09
2034
Cultural Heritage Management Plan
✓
Jan-14
Life of mine
Mining Licence – MIN55321
✓
Aug-10
Aug-30
Water Rights2
✓
Jan-12
Jan-41
Radiation Licence3
✓
Dec-20
Dec-26
Work Plan
Pending
Target
H2 2024
Life of mine
Notes
1.	 Renewal of a Mining Licence in Victoria involves an application to the government outlining the term of the licence renewal, the reasons for 
renewal (such as an operating mine), details of the proposed operations for the renewal term and estimated expenditure for the following five 
years. The maximum term for a mining licence in Victoria is 20 years.
2.	 Water Rights include a 6.975 GL water entitlement purchased with option to renewal from GWM Water in 2012 for A$17m, sufficient for Phase 1  
& Phase 2. 
3.	 Radiation Licence was first issued in 2014 and have since been renewed periodically, most recently renewed in December 2023.

23
This, combined, with the additional engineering work 
(see below) will form the basis for the Final Investment 
Decision planned in FY2025.
Process Plant Engineering
Towards the end of CY2023, the Company executed 
an Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) agreement with 
Sedgman Pty Ltd, a member of the CIMIC Group. Sedgman 
is a leading Australian engineering and construction firm 
with extensive experience in mineral processing solutions 
across the project lifecycle.
Sedgman has completed value optimisation exercises 
across the processing plant design. Finalised process 
design basis and criteria have been agreed; these have 
informed work on procuring the required materials and 
equipment for construction. All tenders relating to process 
plant equipment supply, pre-assembly and construction 
have been issued. Quantities for all major commodity and 
equipment requirements have been determined and are 
largely within DFS estimates. 
Non-process infrastructure
Road
Integrated services, including the overhead powerline, 
water pipeline and road upgrades, will be installed along 
a road corridor between Minyip and the mine site. 
Evaluations of road alignment options and design were 
completed to minimise potential impacts on flora along 
the route. The preliminary road upgrade designs were 
submitted and subsequently endorsed by the Yarriambiack 
Shire Council.
Power
Astron has continued to work closely with Powercor to 
progress the design and approvals for the 66kV overhead 
powerline from Horsham substation to the mine site. Work 
included preparing submissions for necessary approvals, 
design development and studies relating to earthing, 
heritage and ecology.
Water
A design package for the provision of raw water to the 
project was completed . ‘In-principle’ approval of the water 
pipeline design was received by GWM Water, the local 
water system operator, following which, the Company 
entered into a developer agreement to commence design 
for permitting applications.
Plans for a tie-in operation to connect the project 
water pipeline to the existing GWM pipeline have been 
developed and approved by GWM. The tie-in is planned 
for the low-demand winter period. Two separate tenders 
have been issued for the tie-in works and pipeline supply 
and installation.
Accommodation
A suitable parcel of land for the accommodation village site 
was identified and leased. Several site studies have been 
completed including noise modelling, storm water and 
bush fire analysis. These studies helped form a submission 
to the local government for planning permits. Subsequent 
to financial year-end, the Company received the approval 
from the shire for the accommodation village. 
Further activities over the accommodation village site 
included design of the village power supply. 
Transport and logistics
HMC and REEC product transport tenders have been 
issued. The Company has received a number of 
conforming proposals from experienced and competent 
Australian logistic service providers.
Project Timeline
The project has a dedicated and achievable timeline to first production and positive cash flows 
Note: The above timetable is current as at the date of this report and is subject to change as the Venture continues pre-construction activities and signs definitive contracts with contractors and service providers for construction of the Project 
2024
2025
2026
2027
Activity
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Project Financing (Debt)
On-Min Approvals
Off-Min Approvals
Earthworks
66kV Powerline
Water
EPC
Dewatering
Mining
Transport & Logistics
Negotiations
Review
✓
✓
✓
Final Tender & Design
Award
✓
Mob.
Pre-Strip
Construction
Operations
Construction
Access & Permits
Award
Design
Award
✓
Construct
ECI
Start
Fabrication and Supply
Construction
Comm.
Final Tender & Design
Award
Supply
Construction
Dewatering Initial Mining Blocks
Operations
Tender
Award
Supply
Comm.
Tender
Award
Supply
Comm.
✓
✓
FID

Astron 2024 Annual Report
24
 
Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project
Approvals and Permitting 
Work plan
Under the Victorian Mineral Resources (Sustainable 
Development) Act 1990, authorisation of mining work is 
granted by a Work Plan approved by the Head of Earth 
Resources Regulation (ERR). 
The Work Plan, sometimes referred to as a ‘Mining Plan’ 
or ‘Permit of Works’ in other jurisdictions, is the main 
regulatory approval outstanding prior to construction of 
Phase 1 of the Donald Project. 
The Work Plan describes the nature and scale of the 
proposed mining activities, identifies and assesses all risks 
which the works may pose to the environment and to 
the public, details the plan for community engagement, 
and includes a risk management plan for the purpose of 
eliminating or minimising identified risks and monitoring 
performance. 
The Work Plan is a culmination of environmental 
assessments undertaken by the Company on areas 
including but not limited to, flora and fauna, surface 
water, ground water, air quality, noise, visual impacts 
and radiation. The Donald project Work Plan included 17 
detailed operational management plans.
In October 2023, the Company submitted its Work Plan 
proposal to the Earth Resources Regulator. Following the 
receipt of feedback, a revised submission was lodged in 
June 2024 and is now under assessment. Final approval of 
the Work Plan is targeted by the end of CY2024. 
Other Items
•	 In December the Victorian Environment Protection 
Authority (EPA) confirmed that the only permit it 
required under the Environment Protection Act 
2017 for the Donald Project is the A18, relating to the in-
pit tailings cells. Preparation of this permit application is 
underway.
•	 Retention Licence RL2003, which covers Astron’s 
Jackson deposit, was renewed to 9 October 2031.
•	 In April, the Company’s radiation management licence, 
which expired in December 2023, was renewed until 
December 2026.
Operational Readiness 
Astron has developed a comprehensive operational 
readiness plan with the help of external consultants BG&E 
Pty Ltd for the eventual transition from construction into 
operations. In addition, post the Financial Year close, 
Astron made a number of key appointments including 
the General Manager of Operations, who will lead the 
Company into next phrase of its evolution. 
Marketing and Sales 
Rare earths market
Donald’s REEC, contains the rare earth bearing minerals 
monazite and xenotime. Total rare earth oxide (TREO) 
demand is forecast to increase from 2022 to 2035 at a 
CAGR of 6.0%, driven by the expansion of the permanent 
magnet sector, in line with increasing demand for 
electric vehicles, wind turbines and many emerging high 
technology applications.
China has historically dominated rare earth supply, 
accounting for 70% of world mine production in 
2022. Increasing demand for rare earths has improved 
the economics of prospective mining projects, with 
numerous projects outside of China aiming to reach 
production over the next decade. 
The second half of FY2024 saw a decline in rare earth 
prices, largely driven by the weakness in the consumer 
electronics sector, which remains the major area of 
demand, this was exacerbated by the less than anticipated 
demand for EVs and hybrid vehicles compared to forecast. 
The price is showing signs of recovery in the new financial 
year and structurally, the supply demand outlook remains 
favourable.
Very few new projects are expected to come online in time 
to meet forecast demand, which may lead to shortages 
for certain rare earth elements. The Donald Project, with 
its short development timeframe, is well placed to take 
advantage of this opportunity.
Major Rare earth element 
applications
• Wind Turbines
• Battery Alloys 
• Solar Arrays
• Electric Vehicles

25
Donald project REEC attributes
An important characteristic of the Donald REEC, which 
differentiates the project from many of the western world 
rare earth producers, is its relatively high xenotime content. 
Xenotime is a source of the valuable heavy rare earths 
Dysprosium and Terbium which are particularly important 
in the production of powerful, heat tolerant magnets with 
special applications in electric vehicles. The other main 
rare earth mineral in Donald REEC is Monazite which 
contains the less valuable lighter rare earths neodymium 
and praseodymium. The Donald Deposit has a high 
xenotime to monazite ratio of greater than 0.3:1.
HMC product
Extensive metallurgical test work undertaken by Astron, 
with the support of Mineral Technologies, has characterised 
the Donald HMC product. Following removal of the rare 
earth content, the Project will target a 95% heavy mineral 
grade, resulting in a higher proportion of valuable minerals 
and less waste than is typically found in heavy mineral 
concentrates. 
In addition, given its favourable zircon assemblage, the 
Donald HMC is expected to contain higher zirconium 
dioxide (ZrO2) concentration than competitor HMCs, 
increasing its value to mineral sands processors.
The Company has conducted separation testing of Donald 
HMC into final products at laboratory and pilot plant 
scales. Zircon recovery was 85%, with 71% recovered as 
premium zircon and 14% as secondary zircon. Recovery 
of a combined titania product was 86%. The test work 
demonstrates the ability to achieve commercial recoveries 
of final products from Donald’s HMC product. 
Zircon market
Declining 
zircon 
supplies 
globally 
have 
created 
economic 
tailwinds 
for 
producers. 
The 
current 
global zircon consumption is approximately 1.2Mtpa. 
Ceramics is the major end-use for zircon, accounting 
for approximately half of the total demand. Demand 
is driven by urbanisation and consumption trends, which 
historically have been led by China.
In the short term, economic conditions in China are reducing 
demand. However, in the medium term, production will 
be insufficient to meet current levels of demand. Untill 
recently, zircon supply has been concentrated between a 
small number of key players who accounted for about 60% 
of global supply. 
However, due to resource depletion and/or grade decline, 
these suppliers only accounted for 45% of global zircon 
production in 2021 and their position has continued to 
weaken. The increasing scarcity is projected to create 
supply shortages, and the Donald Project represents a 
timely source that will benefit from increasing prices.
Zircon Attributes
Metallurgical test work undertaken on Donald HMC 
indicates a high proportion of premium grade zircon can 
be commercially recovered. Furthermore, the test work 
shows Donald zircon has high whiteness levels and low 
levels of impurities in comparison with competing zircon 
products. This provides a distinct competitive advantage 
for supply to the ceramics market.
Titania Attributes 
Titanium feedstocks are primarily used in the production 
of TiO2 pigment, which has a wide range of applications 
including paint, plastics, and coatings. To meet the 
requirements of the pigment production process, 
relatively low grade TiO2 minerals can be processed into 
intermediate products with higher TiO2 content, such as 
titanium slag. 
Test work indicates that Donald Project titania is a desirable 
feedstock for producing titanium slag for the Chloride 
TiO2 pigment process, known as chloride slag. As a 
product, with high TiO2 content and low calcium content, 
Donald titania has particular application as a “sweetener” 
(or higher titanium dioxide content) for existing chloride 
slag feeds.
HMC Offtake
During the March quarter, Astron received formal letters of 
intent from several mineral separation plant operators in 
China which are interested in entering into Donald HMC 
offtake agreements, either for direct offtake or for toll-
processing to produce marketable zircon and titanium 
dioxide products. 
Astron has evaluated the responses and selected two 
prospective partners to which it has issued further HMC 
samples for separation testing and analysis. Negotiations 
are on-going and will be finalised prior to a positive final 
investment decision.
The Company is also in negotiations with several 
prospective 
end-user 
counterparties 
for 
offtake 
agreements. These include slag, pigment, ceramics, and 
zirconium chemicals producers.
Project Finance
The Company has engaged RPM Global as an 
independent technical expert to prepare project technical 
and environmental due diligence reports for provision to 
potential lenders to the project. The Company continues 
to work with its debt advisors, ICA Partners, on the 
roadmap to obtaining attractive project financing.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
26
PRODUCTS OVERVIEW
Based on the Phase 1 Donald Project Definitive Feasibility Study, which was released on 26 April 2023, the project has 
a revenue split of 57% rare earths and 43% mineral sands over its greater than 40-year mine life. 
With over 35 years of market experience in mineral sands downstream processing, Astron is looking forward to 
leveraging its strong market connections and knowledge in the development of the Donald Project. 
Paint & pigment production
In addition to being a globally significant rare earths project, the Donald Project, 
with the largest zircon resources in the world, is  a major potential source of zircon 
and titanium minerals. This diverse mineral characterisation distinguishes Donald 
from all other development-ready mineral sands and rare earth projects. 
Titanium – Applications: 
Medical devices 
Foundry Appl;ications
Aerospace
Medical devices – hips & artificial joints

27
Ceramics, kitchen & sanitaryware
Zircon – Applications:
Ceramics
Solar Panels
Foundary Applications
Ship building – UV resistance

Astron 2024 Annual Report
28
Astron China Operations
In Yingkou, Liaoning, Astron operates a mineral 
separation plant with an annual feed capacity of 150,000 
tonnes. The company holds intellectual property and 
production capabilities in a range of minerals processing 
areas, including pure hafnium-free zirconia production; 
a method for reducing impurities in zircon; fine rutile 
recovery and agglomeration. 
The Yingkou mineral separation plant undertakes 
two main commercial operations, the processing of 
concentrates and middlings (including zircon and 
rutile) to final products of zircon and rutile, as well as 
agglomeration technology to produce a pelletised rutile 
product from fine rutile feedstock and chloride slag 
fines.
At the beginning of the year the market supply for heavy 
mineral concentrates into China was tight, with many 
processing operations unable to obtain feedstocks and 
being idle or under-utilised. Astron experienced issues 
with the delivery of feedstock due to both availability 
and shipping delays.
OTHER ACTIVITIES
1https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/chinas-rare-earths-dominance-focus-after-mineral-export-curbs-2023-07-05/
Astron has been in negotiations with raw material 
suppliers to secure long-term feedstock supply to the 
Yingkou plant and has been provided a bulk sample for 
processing trials which involve the recommissioning 
and start-up of the Mineral Separation Plant. 
If the outcome of the bulk trial is successful, it is 
anticipated that Astron will enter into a long-term 
supply contract for the raw material and will restart 
steady-state production, albeit at a less than full capacity 
through-put, at Yingkou. 
Other opportunities
Astron’s China team has been exploring options to 
facilitate processing of the Donald heavy mineral 
concentrate at the Yingkou mineral separation plant 
with minimal capital expenditure. 
This included working with the Changsha Institute, the 
leading mineral sands process engineers in China, to 
re-evaluate the existing process flow diagram, which 
was designed by Mineral Technologies, and exploring 
equipment options with suppliers.
The Company has been able to negotiate the return of 
land it owned in BaYuQuan district, Yingkou, Liaoning 
to the government in exchange for RMB7.5m (~A$1.6m), 
with proceeds received in the first half of 2024. Astron 
China will continue to rationalise its non-core asset 
holdings in China.
Yingkou mineral separation plant

29
 
West-African Business Update
Niafarang Project 
The Niafarang Project is located within a 397 square 
kilometre exploration licence area on the Casamance 
coast of Senegal, West Africa. Astron has the rights 
to a licence issued under Order Number 09042/
MIM/TMG through its subsidiary company, Senegal 
Mineral Resources SA (“SMR”). Exploration and mining 
titles were granted to SMR in 2017, including a Small 
Mining Licence (“SML”) which has been recently 
renewed with a term expiring in May 2027. 
The Ministry of Mines and Geology in Senegal 
(Ministry) has now issued an order purporting 
to withdraw the authorisation granted to SMR to 
operate the SML. 
SMR is of the view that the order issued by the 
Ministry is invalid on the basis that it does not comply 
with the procedures set out in the Mining Code of 
Senegal, as the requisite procedures (including 
certain requirements for formal notices) were not 
followed. 
Further, the basis of the withdrawal is, in SMR’s view, 
also invalid as one of the bases of the purported 
withdrawal is that the temporary resettlement of a 
small, localised population to allow mining activities 
to commence has not occurred. Under the mining 
code, resettlement depends on actions to be taken 
by the local and provincial officials in Senegal rather 
than by the holder of the licence. 
SMR has commenced a mediation process under 
which an independent mediator has been appointed 
to seek resolution with the Ministry. 
This is a mandatory process and, under the mediation 
process in Senegal, the mediator will make a decision 
based on his or her findings. This decision is subject 
to a right of appeal by either party under a more 
formal arbitration process. 
Progress of the mediation process commenced 
by SMR in December 2023 has been slow due to 
the political uncertainty in Senegal caused by the 
initial delay of Presidential elections, and then the 
subsequent reinstatement of the elections.
With the election now completed, the Company is 
optimistic about achieving a positive outcome with 
regard to the mediation. Local Astron representatives 
have 
commenced 
engaging 
with 
the 
new 
government led by Mr Ousmane Sonko, whose main 
electoral base is situated in the Project location. It is 
expected that the election of the new government 
will be beneficial to bringing the mediation process 
to a close.
The cost of, and involvement of Astron’s Australian 
personnel in, the mediation process is minimal.
Gambian Litigation Progress
As outlined in previous years, in 2015 Astron 
was awarded damages through an International 
Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes 
(ICSID) determination in relation to the Gambian 
Government’s seizure of the Astron-Carnegie minerals 
sands project in Gambia. 
Recovery of the initial award of approximately A$32 
million continues to be slow, however the Company 
has entered into a litigation funding agreement to 
expedite the recovery of this award at no further cost 
to the Company.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
30
Safety
Astron is committed to responsible mining practices to 
promote the safety of its people and others involved in 
the development and operation of the project. There 
were no material safety incidents during the year ended 
30 June 2024. Safe operations will continue to be 
prioritised in plans for the Donald Project going forward, 
especially as the project nears the construction phase.
Community
Aston has continued to build upon its local relationships 
and seek beneficial outcomes for local communities 
alongside the development of the Donald Project. 
Regular and transparent engagement with stakeholders 
through project updates, timely responses to queries and 
considering feedback is an important aspect of Astron’s 
social licence to operate within the community.
Activities include regular coffee drop-in sessions and 
community events, in addition to formal project updates 
and presentations to shire councils and members of the 
community reference group. 
Senior management personnel continue to undertake 
regular site visits to meet with local groups, council 
representatives, and community organisations. Astron 
team members regularly meet with affected landowners 
during field activities. 
During the financial year, the Company renewed its 
Memorandum of Understanding with Yarriambiack Shire 
Council to include an additional focus on delivering 
housing through local partnerships. Astron has delivered 
on this through providing investment support to the 
Murtoa Housing Initiative, which aims to build affordable 
housing units in the nearby township of Murtoa.
Astron also sponsored a number of community 
organisations and worked with the local health service 
on the establishment of a new site office in the town of 
Minyip. 
The Barengi Gadjin Land Council (BGLC) Corporation has 
hosted cultural awareness training for Astron personnel. 
We appreciate their generosity in dedicating their time 
and sharing valuable insights.
Consulting firm RPS has been engaged to support further 
development and implementation of the Company’s 
stakeholder engagement strategy, strengthening Astron’s 
ability to communicate regularly and widely, ensuring that 
such communications are tailored to the stakeholders’ 
needs, and providing further capacity to act on community 
feedback.
Environment
Astron has committed significant resources to meeting 
the environmental regulatory requirements in developing 
the Donald Project. These include preservation of 
flora and fauna, collaboration with local indigenous 
groups to preserve culturally significant artifacts and a 
comprehensive rehabilitation plan.
ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL GOVERNANCE REPORT
Overview
Community Workshop Information Session

31
Climate risk / Strategy
Rare earth mines in Australia such as the proposed 
Donald Project play an important role in the green 
energy transition by supplying essential minerals needed 
for renewable energy technologies. 
These minerals, including neodymium, praseodymium, 
terbium and dysprosium that are contained in the Donald 
Project resource, are crucial for manufacturing the powerful 
magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicles. Astron 
is also committed to establishing performance targets 
for greenhouse gas emissions for its operations that are 
aligned with State and Federal standards and targets.
Wind
Ship building – UV resistance
EV
Battery Alloys
Solar Arrays

Astron 2024 Annual Report
32
ORE RESERVES & MINERAL RESOURCES STATEMENT
The following provides an overview of the JORC 2012 compliant Ore Reserves and Mineral 
Resources for the Donald Rare Earth and Mineral Sands Project. The Ore Reserves and 
Mineral Resources Statement is based on, and fairly presents, information and supporting 
documentation prepared by a competent person and the Ore Reserves and Mineral Resources 
as a whole have been approved by a named competent person, as seen in the Competent 
Persons Statement on page 37.
Ore Reserves
Astron announced updated Ore Reserves totalling 309Mt at 4.4% HM for MIN5532 on 31 March 2023 (Table 1). The Ore 
Reserve estimate is based on the MIN5532 Mineral Resource estimate, announced to the ASX on 1 December 2022 that used 
heavy liquid separation analysis to estimate tonnes, HM, slimes and oversize plus valuable heavy mineral data.  Measured 
and Indicated Mineral Resources were converted to Proved and Probable Ore Reserves respectively, subject to mine design, 
modifying factors and underlying economic evaluation.
Astron announced updated RL2002 Ore Reserves totalling 516Mt at 4.6% HM on 27 June 2023 (Table 1). The Ore Reserve 
estimate is based on the RL2002 Mineral Resource estimate, announced to the ASX on 7 April 2016. Measured and Indicated 
Mineral Resources were converted to Proved and Probable Ore Reserves respectively, subject to mine design, modifying 
factors and underlying economic evaluation.
Based on the announced updates to the Ore Reserves for MIN5532 and RL2002, total Ore Reserves of the Donald Deposit 
increased by 223Mt (37%). Total in-situ zircon reserves increased by 22.6% to 6.7Mt and in-situ monazite reserves increased 
by 32.0% to 648.2kt.
The Ore Reserve Statement is reported in accordance with the guidelines of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration 
Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, 2012 Edition and ASX Listing Rules (JORC Code (2012). The Statement includes 
a revised Ore Reserves estimate of the Donald project that complies with the requirements of the JORC Code (2012). There 
have been no changes to Ore Reserves or Mineral Resource Estimates during the year ended 30 June 2024.
Table 1: Ore Reserve for Donald Deposit (MIN5532 and RL2002) as at 30 June 2024
% of total HM
Classification
Tonnes 
(mt)
Total 
HM (%)
Slimes 
(%)
Oversize 
(%)
Zircon 
Rutile 
Ilmenite 
Leucoxene 
Monazite 
Xenotime 
MIN5532
Proved
263
4.4
15.4
9.8
16.7
5.5
21.6
25.9
1.8
0.67
Probable
46
4.1
19.7
11.1
15.3
5.5
21.3
20.1
1.8
0.64
Total
309
4.4
16.1
10.0
16.5
5.5
21.6
25.1
1.8
0.66
Within RL2002 outside of MIN5532
Proved
152
5.6
7.1
18.8
21.1
9.4
31.3
18.2
1.8
-
Probable
364
4.1
13.7
15.7
17.1
7.5
32.8
19.3
1.6
-
Total
516
4.6
11.7
16.6
18.6
8.2
32.3
18.9
1.7
-
Total Donald Deposit
Proved
415
4.8
12.4
13.1
18.6
7.2
25.7
22.6
1.8 See Notes
Probable
410
4.1
14.4
15.2
16.9
7.3
31.5
19.4
1.6 See Notes
Total
825
4.5
13.4
14.1
17.8
7.2
28.4
21.2
1.7 See Notes
Notes to Table 1:
1.	 The ore tonnes have been rounded to the nearest 1Mt and grades have been rounded to one decimal place except for xenotime which is rounded to two 
decimal places.
2.	 The Ore Reserve is based on Indicated and Measured Mineral Resource contained within mine designs above an economic cut-off.
3.	 A break-even cut-off has been applied defining any material with product values greater than processing cost as Ore.
4.	 Mining recovery and dilution have been applied to the figures above.
5.	 The updated RL2002 Ore Reserve does not include an announced figure on xenotime due to historical samples used in the Ore Reserve calculation not 
being analysed for xenotime. Further drilling work consisting of a maximum of 958 drillholes may be undertaken to further define the Ore Reserve and 
delineate the xenotime content. Metallurgical test work confirms the existence of xenotime to be relatively consistent across the mineral deposit, which 
represents upside to the announced combined rare earth mineral figures. Thus, the xenotime content of the entire Donald Deposit has not been stated.
6.	 The rutile grades are a combination of rutile and anatase minerals.
7.	 The Ore Reserve estimates have been compiled in accordance with the guidelines defined in the 2012 JORC Code

33
The Ore Reserve estimate was prepared by AMC Consultants Pty Ltd, an experienced and prominent mining engineering 
consultancy with appropriate mineral sands experience in accordance with the JORC Code (2012 Edition). The Ore Reserve is 
estimated using all available geological and relevant drill hole and assay data, including mineralogical sampling and test work 
on mineral recoveries and final product qualities.
The Company is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the Ore Reserve 
estimate and confirms that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimate continue to apply 
and have not materially changed. 
Mineral Resources
Mineral Resources only used heavy liquid separation analysis to estimate tonnes, HM, slimes and oversize for the Donald 
Project using a 1%HM cut-off grade. Resources were last estimated for MIN5532 on 1 December 2022 with RL2002 and RL2003 
on 7 April 2016. These Mineral Resources represent resource estimates with and without valuable heavy mineral (VHM) data 
to provide a guide to the total potential tonnes and HM% for the Donald and Jackson deposits. Resources without VHM data 
were not used in the Ore Reserve Estimation by AMC. The Mineral Resources for the Donald and Jackson deposits based on 
1%HM cut-off grade is shown in Table 2.
Based on the updated Mineral Resource for MIN5532 as outlined above, total Mineral Resources reported above a 1% total HM 
cut-off increased by 69Mt (1.2%), highlighted by a 3.1% increase in inferred resources to 737Mt.
Table 2: Mineral Resource above a 1% total HM cut-off as at 30 June 2024
Classification
Tonnes
(mt)
Total HM
(%)
Slimes
(%)
Oversize
(%)
Within MIN5532
Measured
394
4.2
16
10
Indicated
110
3.5
24
11
Inferred
20
2.3
22
14
Subtotal
525
4.0
18
10
Within RL2002 outside of MIN5532
Measured
343
3.9
20
8
Indicated
833
3.3
16
14
Inferred
1,595
3.3
16
6
Subtotal
2,771
3.4
16
9
Total within Donald Deposit (RL2002)
Measured
737
4.1
18
9
Indicated
943
3.3
17
13
Inferred
1,615
3.3
16
6
Subtotal
3,296
3.5
17
9
Total within Jackson Deposit (RL2003)
Measured
-
-
-
-
Indicated
1,903
2.8
19
6
Inferred
584
2.9
17
3
Subtotal
2,487
2.9
19
5
Total Donald Project
Measured
737
4.1
18
9
Indicated
2,846
3.0
18
8
Inferred
2,199
3.2
16
5
Total
5,783
3.2
17
7
Notes to Table 2:
1.	 MRE is based on heavy liquid separation (HLS) analysis only.
2.	 The total tonnes may not equal the sum of the individual resources due to rounding. 
3.	 The cut-off grade is 1% HM. 
4.	 The figures are rounded to the nearest: 1M for tonnes, one decimal for HM and whole numbers for slimes and oversize. 

Astron 2024 Annual Report
34
The Australian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, 2012 Edition, sets out 
minimum standards, recommendations and guidelines for public reporting in Australia of Exploration Results, Mineral 
Resources and Ore Reserves authored by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee of The Australian Institute of Mining and 
Metallurgy, Australian Institute of Geoscientists and Minerals Council of Australia. 
Table 3: Mineral Resource where VHM data is available reported above a 1% 
total HM cut-off as at 30 June 2024
 
 
 
 
 
% of total HM
Classification
Tonnes 
(mt)
HM 
(%)
Slimes 
(%)
Oversize 
(%)
Zircon
Rutile/ 
Anatase
Ilmenite
Leucoxene
Monazite
Xenotime
Within MIN5532 
Measured
394
4.2
16
10
16
7
21
24
1.8
0.66
Indicated
110
3.5
24
11
15
6
19
18
1.7
0.61
Inferred
20
2.3
22
14
13
7
19
20
1.4
0.55
Subtotal
525
4.0
18
10
16
7
21
23
1.8
0.65
Within RL2002 outside of MIN5532
Measured
185
5.5
19
7
21
9
31
19
2.0
 
Indicated
454
4.2
16
13
17
7
33
19
2.0
 
Inferred
647
4.9
15
6
18
9
33
17
2.0
 
Subtotal
1,286
4.8
16
9
18
8
33
18
2.0
 
Total within Donald Deposit (RL2002)
Measured
579
4.6
17
9
18
8
25
22
1.9
 
Indicated
564
4.1
17
13
17
7
31
19
2.0
 
Inferred
667
4.8
15
6
18
9
33
17
2.0
 
Subtotal
1,811
4.6
16
9
18
8
30
19
1.9
 
Total within Jackson Deposit (RL2003)
Measured
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 
Indicated
668
4.9
18
5
18
9
32
17
2.0
 
Inferred
155
4.0
15
3
21
9
32
15
2.0
 
Subtotal
823
4.8
18
5
19
9
32
17
1.0
 
Total Donald Project
Measured
579
4.6
17
9
18
8
25
22
1.9
 
Indicated
1,232
4.5
18
9
17
8
31
18
2.0
 
Inferred
822
4.7
15
5
18
9
33
17
2.0
 
Total
2,634
4.6
17
8
18
8
31
18
2.0
 
Notes to Table 3:
1.	 MRE is based on heavy liquid separation analysis and where valuable heavy minerals (VHM) have been determined.
2.	 The total tonnes may not equal the sum of the individual resources due to rounding. 
3.	 The cut-off grade is 1% HM. 
4.	 The figures are rounded to the nearest: 1Mt for tonnes, one decimal for HM, monazite, whole numbers for slimes, oversize, zircon, rutile + anatase, 
ilmenite and leucoxene and two decimals for xenotime. 
5.	 Zircon, ilmenite, rutile+anatase, leucoxene, monazite and xenotime percentages are reported as a percentage of HM. 
6.	 Rutile + anatase, leucoxene and monazite resource has been estimated using fewer samples than the other valuable heavy minerals outside 
MIN5532. The accuracy and confidence in their estimate is therefore lower. 
GOVERNANCE AND INTERNAL CONTROLS
Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve are compiled by qualified Astron personnel and / or independent consultants 
following industry standard methodology and techniques. The underlying data, methodology, techniques and 
assumptions on which estimates are prepared are subject to internal peer review by senior Company personnel, as 
is JORC compliance. Where deemed necessary or appropriate, estimates are reviewed by independent consultants. 

35
Competent Persons named by the Company are members of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and / 
or the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and qualify as Competent Persons as defined in the JORC Code 2012.
COMPETENT PERSONS STATEMENT
The information in this document that relates to the estimation of the RL2002 Mineral Resources is based on information 
compiled by Mr Rod Webster, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 
and Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Mr Webster is a full-time employee of AMC Consultants Pty Ltd and is independent 
of Astron Corporation Limited, the owner of the Donald Project Mineral Resources. Mr Webster has sufficient experience 
that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to 
qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, 
Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons’ 
findings are presented have not materially modified from the relevant original market announcement.
The information in this report that relates to the MIN5532 Mineral Resource estimate is based on, and fairly reflects, 
information and supporting documentation compiled by Mrs Christine Standing, a Competent Person who is a Member of 
the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and the Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Mrs Standing is a full-time 
employee of Optiro Pty Ltd (Snowden Optiro) and is independent of Astron Corporation Limited, the owner of the Mineral 
Resources. Mrs Standing has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under 
consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of 
the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. The Company confirms 
that the form and context in which the Competent Persons’ findings are presented have not materially modified from the 
relevant original market announcement.
The information in this document that relates to the estimation of the Ore Reserves for MIN5532 is based on information 
compiled by Mr Pier Federici, a Competent Person who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. 
Mr Federici is a full-time employee of AMC Consultants Pty Ltd and is independent of Astron Corporation Limited. Mr 
Federici has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and 
to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code 
for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. The Company confirms that the form and context 
in which the Competent Persons’ findings are presented have not materially modified from the relevant original market 
announcement.
The information in this report that relates to the RL2002 Ore Reserve estimate is based on, and fairly reflects, information 
and supporting documentation compiled by Mr Pier Federici FAusIMM(CP), a Competent Person who is a Fellow of the 
Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Federici is a full-time employee of AMC Consultants Pty Ltd (AMC) and 
is independent of Astron Corporation Limited, the owner of the Ore Reserve. Mr Federici has sufficient experience that is 
relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify 
as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral 
Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Federici consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in 
the form and context in which it appears. 
SUPPORTING INFORMATION REQUIRED UNDER ASX LISTING RULES, CHAPTER 5 
The supporting information below is required, under Chapter 5 of the ASX Listing Rules, to be included in market 
announcements reporting estimates of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. 
PREVIOUSLY REPORTED INFORMATION 
This report includes information that relates to Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves prepared and first 
disclosed under the JORC Code 2012 and a Bankable Feasibility Study. The information was extracted from the Company’s 
previous ASX announcements as follows:
•	 RL2002 Ore Reserve Update – “RL2002 Ore Reserve Update and Project Financial Update” – 27 June 2023
•	 MIN5532 Ore Reserve Update – “Donald Project MIN5532 Ore Reserves Update” – 31 March 2023
•	 MIN5532 Mineral Resource Update – “Donald Project Mining Licence Mineral Resource Update” – 1 December 2022
•	 RL2002 Mineral Resources – “Donald Mineral Sands Project Mineral Resource Update” – 7 April 2016
These announcements are available to view on Astron’s website at www.astronlimited.com.au
The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included 
in the relevant market announcements and, in the case of estimates of Mineral Resources, Ore Reserves and the Donald Rare 
Earth and Mineral Sands Project Definitive Feasibility Study and Phase 2 Pre-Feasibility Study, that all material assumptions 
and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the relevant market announcement continue to apply and have 
not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Persons’ findings are 
presented have not been materially modified from the relevant original market announcements.

Astron 2024 Annual Report
36
 
 
 
Astron Corporation Limited 
 
ARBN 154 924 553, Incorporated in Hong Kong, Company Number: 1687414 
 
Annual Financial Statements 
 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Hong Kong Company Number: 1687414, ARBN 154 924 553 
Annual Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Contents 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 37 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT .......................................................................................................................................................... 38 
REMUNERATION REPORT ................................................................................................................................................... 50 
AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE DECLARATION .................................................................................................................... 56 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ................................. 57 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION ................................................................................................ 58 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY ................................................................................................. 59 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS .............................................................................................................. 60 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ........................................................................................................................ 61 
1. 
General Information ..................................................................................................................................................... 61 
2. 
Basis of preparation and material accounting policy information ................................................................................. 61 
3. 
Critical accounting estimates and judgments ............................................................................................................... 70 
4. 
Segment information .................................................................................................................................................... 71 
5. 
Revenue and other income .......................................................................................................................................... 73 
6. 
Loss before income tax expense ................................................................................................................................. 74 
7. 
Income tax expense ..................................................................................................................................................... 75 
8. 
Loss per share ............................................................................................................................................................. 76 
9. 
Auditor’s remuneration ................................................................................................................................................. 76 
10. 
Cash and cash equivalents .......................................................................................................................................... 76 
11. 
Trade and other receivables and prepayments ............................................................................................................ 78 
12. 
Inventories .................................................................................................................................................................... 79 
13. 
Investments in Gambia ................................................................................................................................................ 79 
14. 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss ...................................................................................................... 80 
15. 
Subsidiaries .................................................................................................................................................................. 80 
16. 
Property, plant and equipment ..................................................................................................................................... 81 
17. 
Exploration and evaluation assets ............................................................................................................................... 82 
18. 
Development costs ....................................................................................................................................................... 84 
19. 
Right-of-use assets ...................................................................................................................................................... 85 
20. 
Trade and other payables ............................................................................................................................................ 86 
21. 
Contract liabilities ......................................................................................................................................................... 86 
22. 
Borrowings ................................................................................................................................................................... 86 
23. 
Convertible notes ......................................................................................................................................................... 88 
24. 
Provisions ..................................................................................................................................................................... 88 
25. 
Deferred tax ................................................................................................................................................................. 89 
26. 
Issued capital ............................................................................................................................................................... 89 
27. 
Share based payments ................................................................................................................................................ 90 
28. 
Reserves ...................................................................................................................................................................... 94 
29. 
Holding company statement of financial position ......................................................................................................... 95 
30. 
Dividends ..................................................................................................................................................................... 96 
31. 
Related party transactions ........................................................................................................................................... 96 
32. 
Commitments ............................................................................................................................................................... 97 
33. 
Cash flow information ................................................................................................................................................... 98 
34. 
Employee benefit obligations ..................................................................................................................................... 100 
35. 
Lease liabilities ........................................................................................................................................................... 100 
36. 
Financial Risk Management ....................................................................................................................................... 100 
 
DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION  ........................................................................................................................................... 106 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT ................................................................................................................................ 107 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 38 
The Directors of Astron Corporation Limited (Astron or the Company) present their report, together with the consolidated financial 
statements of the Company and its controlled entities (the Group), for the year ended 30 June 2024 and the audit report thereon. 
FINANCIAL SNAPSHOT 
Net tangible asset value per share 
Down 
1,036% 
To 
(7.72) cps 
Revenue, Interest Income and Other Income 
Down 
(16.5%) 
To 
13,725,316 
Net cash flow from operating activities 
Down 
$6,218,284 
To 
(7,866,029) 
Loss before tax 
Down 
$16,285,493 
To 
$(22,324,614) 
Loss after tax attributable to members 
Down 
$17,134,692 
To 
$(24,865,684) 
Total comprehensive loss 
Up 
$16,438,138 
To 
$(24,553,144) 
PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES / BUSINESS ENTITIES 
Astron is a Hong Kong incorporated company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). The principal activities 
undertaken by wholly-owned subsidiary companies include: 
• 
exploration, evaluation and development work through Astron Pty Limited and Donald Mineral Sands Pty Limited to advance 
the Group’s holding of the Donald Rare Earths and Mineral Sands Project in regional Victoria to a Final Investment Decision 
(FID). The project will consist of an initial phase involving the mining and concentrating of heavy mineral bearing ore to 
produce a rare earth element concentrate (REEC) and mineral sands heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) for sale to domestic 
and international processors; 
• 
the operation of titanium-based materials processing activities, including a mineral separation plant at Yingkou, China, the 
evaluation and advancement of downstream applications for zircon and titanium, as well as procurement and trading activities 
through the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Ltd; and 
• 
the evaluation and the progression of regulatory approvals in relation to the Niafarang mineral sands deposit in Senegal. 
Revenue is currently generated from the Group’s China-based processing operations. Both the Donald Rare Earths and Mineral 
Sands Project (Donald Project) and the Niafarang mineral sands project are at a pre-execution and pre-production stage. 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Energy Fuels Inc (Energy Fuels) 
in relation to the Donald Project whereby Energy Fuels will contribute $183 million in cash and US$17.5 million in Energy Fuels 
stock in exchange for a 49% interest in the Donald Deposit (comprising the granted mining licence MIN5532 and retention licence 
RL2002) and an offtake agreement for 100% of the Donald Project’s Phase 1 and Phase 2 rare earth element concentrate product 
(REEC). Completion of the joint venture is subject to customary conditions precedent which, at the date of this report, are yet to 
be satisfied. Other than the above, there were no other significant changes to the Group structure in the financial year ended 30 
June 2024. 
DIRECTORS 
The names of directors in office during the year and up to the date of this report are: 
Mr George Lloyd 
Mr Tiger Brown 
Mr Gerard King 
Dr Mark Elliott 
Mdm Kang Rong 
DIRECTORS OF THE COMPANY’S SUBSIDIARIES 
During the year and up to the date of this report, all of the directors of Astron were also directors of certain subsidiaries of the 
Company. Other directors of the Company’s subsidiaries during the year and up to the date of this report are: 
Mdm Jian Ping 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 39 
INFORMATION ON DIRECTORS 
Mr George Lloyd 
Chairman (non-executive director) 
Qualifications 
Bachelor of Engineering Science in Industrial Engineering, UNSW 
Master of Business Administration, UNSW Stanford Executive Management 
Programme, Stanford University 
 
Experience 
• 
Board member since 20 July 2021 
• 
Professional career has encompassed executive roles with RGC Limited; 
Elders Resources Limited; Southern Pacific Petroleum NL, Central Pacific 
Minerals NL and Australian Gas Light Company. 
• 
Mr Lloyd is Chairman of engineering services group Ausenco Pty Ltd and 
Chairman of bauxite development company VBX Limited. He has held 
numerous directorships of public listed and private companies, including 
Metro Mining Limited, Pryme Energy Limited, Cape Alumina Limited, 
Equatorial Mining Limited, Goldfields Limited and Aurion Gold Limited 
Interest in Shares1 
675,926 CDIs 
1,200,000 unlisted share options 
 
Special Responsibilities 
Audit, Nomination & Remuneration Committees 
 
Directorships held in other listed entities 
Not currently a director of any other listed company 
 
Mr Tiger Brown 
Managing director 
Qualifications 
B.S. (Economics), Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania 
 
Experience 
• 
Board member since 4 December 2019 
• 
Mr Brown has worked with Astron business entities in China and Australia 
before being appointed a director in the role of Executive Director, Business 
Development. He was appointed Managing Director effective 17 February 
2021 
Interest in Shares1 
96,017,824 CDIs 
 
Special Responsibilities 
Managing Director and Nomination & Remuneration Committee 
 
Directorships held in other listed entities 
Not currently a director of any other listed company 
 
1. 
Interest in Shares includes directly, indirectly, beneficially or potentially beneficially held shares. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 40 
Mdm Kang Rong 
Non-Executive director & Chairwoman of Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Ltd 
Qualifications 
B.E. (Chem), Shanghai University; Executive MBA, Chungking Graduate 
School 
Experience 
• 
Board member since 31 January 2012 (prior to that of Astron Pty Limited 
from 21 August 2006) 
• 
Mdm Kang Rong joined Astron in 1995, originally as marketing manager of 
Astron in Shenyang and has since held a number of leadership roles, 
including acting as the group’s Chief Operating Officer for a number of years 
before Mr Tiger Brown became Managing Director. 
• 
In addition to her board position, Mdm Kang Rong is actively involved in 
managing the company’s Chinese operations. 
• 
Prior to her time at Astron, Mdm Kang Rong worked as a Chemical 
Production Engineer at Shenyang Chemical Company (a major Chinese 
company based in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China) before moving to 
Hainan Island to work in sales and administration roles for Japanese trading 
company, Nissei Ltd 
Interest in Shares1 
3,000,100 CDIs 
Special Responsibilities 
Chairwoman of Astron’s China-based processing and trading operations, 
Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Ltd 
 
Directorships held in other listed entities 
Not currently a director of any other listed company 
Mr Gerard King 
Non-executive director 
Qualifications 
LLB, University of Western Australia 
AICD 
 
Experience 
• 
Board Member since 6 December 2011 (Astron Pty Limited, 5 November 
1985) 
• 
Former partner of law firm Phillips Fox with over 30 years of experience in 
corporate and business advisory roles including as a director of a number 
of Australian public companies 
Interest in Shares1 
1,900,890 CDIs and 100 Ordinary shares 
400,000 unlisted share options 
Special Responsibilities 
Audit Committee 
 
Directorships held in other listed entities 
Not currently a director of any other listed company 
1. 
Interest in Shares includes directly, indirectly, beneficially or potentially beneficially held shares. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 41 
Dr Mark Elliott 
Non-executive director 
Qualifications 
Diploma in Applied Geology, Ballarat School of Mines; Ph.D, University of New 
South Wales, FAICD, FAusIMM (CP Geo), FAIG 
 
Experience 
• 
Board member since 25 January 2021 
• 
Chartered professional accreditation as a geologist 
• 
Commenced his career as a senior geologist with Anaconda Australia Inc 
• 
Subsequently held roles as Chairman and Managing Director of ASX-listed 
and private companies including Mako Gold Ltd, Hot Rock Ltd, Chinalco 
Yunnan Copper Resources Limited and Zirtanium Limited 
Interest in Shares1 
438,993 CDIs 
800,000 unlisted share options 
Special Responsibilities 
Chair of the Audit, Nomination & Remuneration Committees 
Directorships held in other listed entities 
Chairman of AuKing Mining Limited (retired October 2022), Non-executive 
director of Nexus Minerals Limited (retired November 2022) and Aruma 
Resources Limited (retired August 2022)  
 
1. 
Interest in Shares includes directly, indirectly, beneficially or potentially beneficially held shares. 
DIRECTORS’ MEETINGS 
Throughout the year ended 30 June 2024, there were 11 directors’ meetings. Eligibility and attendances were as follows: 
Director 
Eligible 
Attended 
Mr George Lloyd 
11 
11 
Mr Tiger Brown 
11 
11 
Mr Gerard King 
11 
11 
Dr Mark Elliott 
11 
9 
Mdm Kang Rong 
11 
10 
 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, there were three Audit and remuneration committee meetings and two Nomination and 
Remuneration Committee meeting. Eligibility and attendances were as follows: 
 
Audit & Risk 
Nomination & 
Remuneration 
Director 
Eligible 
Attended 
Eligible 
Attended 
Mr George Lloyd 
3 
3 
2 
2 
Mr Tiger Brown 
NA 
NA 
2 
2 
Mr Gerard King 
3 
3 
NA 
NA 
Dr Mark Elliott 
3 
3 
2 
2 
 
SHARE OPTIONS 
During the year, there were no options over issued shares or interests in the Group granted to directors or key executives. At 30 
June 2024, there were 2,000,000 share options over issued shares outstanding. (2023: 2,000,000). 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 42 
OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL REVIEW 
Business Highlights 
• 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Energy Fuels Inc (Energy 
Fuels) in relation to the Donald Project whereby Energy Fuels will contribute $183 million in cash and US$17.5 million in 
Energy Fuels stock to earn a 49% interest in the Donald Deposit (comprising the granted mining licence MIN5532 and 
retention licence RL2002) and an offtake agreement for 100% of the Donald Project’s Phase 1 and Phase 2 rare earth element 
concentrate (REEC). Completion of the joint venture is subject to customary conditions precedent which, at the date of this 
report, are yet to be satisfied.  
• 
In October 2023, the Company submitted a draft Donald Project Work Plan to the Earth Resources Regulator within the 
Victorian Government Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action. The Victorian Government approval of the 
Work Plan is the Final major regulatory approval required for the project to proceed to construction. The Work Plan describes 
the nature and scale of the proposed mining activities, identifies and assesses all risks which the works may pose to the 
environment and to the public, details the nature of community engagement, and includes a risk management plan for the 
purpose of eliminating or minimising identified risks and monitoring performance. The Company understands that the Work 
Plan approvals process is well-advanced with approval expected prior to the end of CY2024. 
• 
In February 2024, the Company announced the execution of an Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) agreement, for the first 
phase of the Donald Project, with Sedgman Pty Ltd, a leading Australian engineering and construction firm with extensive 
experience in mineral processing solutions. The ECI phase of the project is a vital step towards finalisation of the full project 
delivery contract for the processing plant and associated infrastructure. It involves the optimisation of the technical solution, 
the execution strategy, and other relevant services to progress the development of the project. The ECI will be followed by 
detailed design and procurement of long lead-time equipment for the processing plant. Work under the ECI agreement is 
continuing into the second half of CY2024. 
• 
Astron’s Chinese operations were hampered by the shortage of suitable feedstocks throughout the year. However, successful 
testing of feedstocks from third parties and subsequent discussions about long term processing arrangements have the 
potential to support higher plant utilisation in the future. Furthermore, evaluation of options to process part or all of the Donald 
Project heavy minerals concentrate at the Yingkou mineral separation plant, are continuing. 
• 
In October 2023, The Ministry of Mines and Geology in Senegal (Ministry) issued an order purporting to withdraw the 
authorisation granted to SMR to operate the small mine licence. The Company has commenced negotiations with the 
Government of Senegal with a view to reinstatement of its Senegalese Mining Licence which the Company believes was 
invalidly withdrawn. The Company is optimistic about achieving a positive outcome. 
Financial results – key features 
The main features of the 2024 financial results are provided below. Segmental results are provided in Note 4 to these financial 
statements, which provide information on the financial performance for the main business entities and activities of the Group. 
Net loss 
The Company recorded a consolidated net loss before tax of $22,324,614 (2023: $6,039,121), an increase in the net loss of 
$16,285,493 or 269.7%. The primary reason for the significant decrease in profitability of the Company related to the impairment 
of development assets relating to the Niafarang Project in Senegal of $9,596,089 following the withdrawal of the Company’s 
mining licence in October 2023. Other significant non-cash items included impairment of trade and other receivables of $1.2 million 
and impairment of inventory of $0.9 million. The Yingkou operations continued to experience a negative gross margin during the 
year due, in part, to the high cost of raw materials and lack of a stable raw materials supply which persisted throughout the year. 
Revenue 
Sales revenue decreased by 15.5% to $12,216,920 (2023: $14,458,725) primarily as a result lack of stable supply of raw materials 
throughout the year which prevented the Yingkou operations from operating at efficient levels. 
Expenses 
The Company’s general and administrative expenses increased by $2.2 million for the year ended 30 June 2024 to $8,315,395 
reflecting an increase in corporate activity such as consulting, legal costs arising from negotiation of the joint venture agreement 
with Energy Fuels, and the preparation for the Final Investment Decision for the Donald Project. 
Operating cash flow 
Cash outflows from operations were $7,866,029 (2023: Operating cash outflows of $1,647,745) reflecting an increase in the loss 
before tax offset by non-cash impairment charges as outlined above. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 43 
Net assets 
The Group’s net assets as at 30 June 2024 decreased to $80,164,529 (2023: $90,496,303) as a result of capital raising activities 
during the year of $13,752,342 (net of costs) offset by the Company’s total comprehensive loss for the year of $24,553,144 (2023: 
$8,115,006). 
OPERATIONS REVIEW 
Donald 
The Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project (Donald Project) is a globally significant rare earth and mineral sands project 
located in the Wimmera region of Victoria, approximately 300kms north-west of Melbourne. The project comprises the granted 
mining license MIN5532 (the site of the first phase development of the project), retention license RL2002 (which is the site of the 
second phase of project development) and retention license RL2003 covering a total project area of almost 43,000 hectares. 
A number of key milestones were achieved during the year, including: 
Joint venture with Energy Fuels 
On 6 June 2024, Astron executed binding Joint Venture documents to develop the Donald Project with Energy Fuels, a U.S. based 
critical minerals company. This joint venture was formed following approximately six months of discussions and due diligence, 
after both parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding to investigate the joint development of the Project. 
The key terms of the joint venture transaction include: 
• 
Energy Fuels to earn a 49% interest in the joint venture and Astron to retain a 51% interest 
• 
$183 million investment by Energy Fuels which is expected to satisfy the majority of Phase 1 equity requirement 
• 
100% of rare earth offtake for Phase 1 and 2 secured by Energy Fuels 
• 
Rare Earth offtake to feed Energy Fuel’s rare earth processing facility at White Mesa Mill in Utah 
• 
Astron appointed as joint venture manager 
• 
Astron has right to up to 100% of HMC offtake with options to process at its Yingkou Mineral Separation Plant or provide it to 
third parties 
Under the terms of the Joint venture, Astron will contribute 100% of the Donald deposit, which is contained within mining licence 
MIN5532 and retention licence RL2002. Energy Fuels will invest $183 million in the project to earn a 49% interest in the joint 
venture. This earn-in amount comprises: 
• 
$1.5 million which has already been paid, by way of an exclusivity fee, and used for project development activities, 
• 
an immediately available interest-free loan to fund 100% of Project activities until the satisfaction (or waiver) of the Conditions 
Precedent, following which the loan will be converted to equity in the joint venture company, and 
• 
sole funding of the balance of Donald Project development costs up to the earn-in amount. 
On expenditure of the full earn-in amount, Energy Fuels will have earned a 49% interest in the joint venture and Astron will retain 
a 51% interest. It is expected that Energy Fuel’s investment will satisfy most of the equity capital requirement for Phase 1 of the 
Donald Project. The remaining capital is expected to be debt-funded at the joint venture company level. If additional equity capital 
is required, it will be funded by the parties pro-rata to their joint venture interests. 
Energy Fuels will also issue to Astron common stock with a value of US$17.5 million in two tranches, US$3.5 million upon the 
satisfaction of conditions precedent to the joint venture agreement becoming effective and US$14.0 million upon approval of the 
Final Investment Decision (FID) for Phase 1 of the Donald Project. 
Astron will remain responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Project through its wholly owned subsidiary, Astron Mineral 
Sands Pty Ltd, which will be the manager of the joint venture. After the start of Phase 1 commercial production, it is intended that 
the joint venture will proceed to develop Phase 2 of the Project as soon as reasonably practical.

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 44 
The REEC Offtake Agreement provides for Energy Fuels to purchase all of Donald REEC from the joint venture on a take-or-pay 
basis for the life of the Phase 1 and Phase 2 projects (which indicatively is 58 years). Energy Fuels will process the REEC at its 
White Mesa refinery in Utah to produce rare earth oxides for a wide range of uses including electric vehicle and wind turbine 
motors, defence systems, and sophisticated componentry in many domestic and industrial applications. 
Historically, heavy rare earth elements have been sourced from mines in the south of China which are depleting. Processors have 
been turning to sources in lower regulatory and human rights control environments to meet the increasing heavy rare earth 
demand. With a high content of heavy rare earths in the Donald REEC, the Astron/Energy Fuels joint venture will provide an 
ethical source of strategic heavy rare earth elements that is auditable from mine to final product. 
The joint venture will deliver between 7,000 to 8,000 tonnes per year of REEC to Energy Fuels over the life of the Phase 1 Project. 
Following the commissioning of the Phase 2 Project, Energy Fuels will purchase approximately 13,000 tonnes to 14,000 tonnes 
of REEC per year. 
The REEC Offtake Agreement will come into effect following the joint venture’s Final Investment Decision for Phase 1 of the 
Donald Project. The price of REEC will be based on a formula derived from the market price of the constituent rare earth oxides, 
a payability factor, and the actual assemblage of the REEC product. The joint venture will be responsible for organising transport 
to Energy Fuels’ White Mesa Mill in Utah. 
The below diagram provides an overview of the joint venture transaction structure: 
 
Energy Fuels is a leading US-based critical minerals company. The Company, which is the leading producer of uranium in the 
United States, mines uranium and produces natural uranium concentrates that are sold to major nuclear utilities to produce carbon-
free nuclear energy. Energy Fuels recently began the production of advanced rare earth element materials, including mixed REE 
carbonate, and plans to produce commercial quantities of separated REE oxides 
The entities, Astron and Energy Fuels, have strongly complementary interests. Energy Fuels’ primary focus is the recovery and 
sale of rare earths products from the Donald Project, whereas Astron’s primary focus is on the production and sale of the Donald 
Project’s mineral sands products, being zircon and titanium feedstock.  
The joint venture will develop the Donald Project as a long-life source of critical minerals and establish a Western rare earth value 
chain with Energy Fuel’s rare earth processing facility in the U.S. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 45 
Approvals and Permitting  
Work plan 
Under the Victorian Mineral Resources (Sustainable Development) Act 1990, authorisation of mining work is granted by a Work 
Plan approved by the Head of Earth Resources Regulation (ERR).  
The Work Plan, sometimes referred to as a ‘Mining Plan’ or ‘Permit of Works’ in other jurisdictions, is the main regulatory approval 
outstanding prior to construction of Phase 1 of the Donald Project. 
The Work Plan describes the nature and scale of the proposed mining activities, identifies and assesses all risks which the works 
may pose to the environment and to the public, details the plan for community engagement, and includes a risk management plan 
for the purpose of eliminating or minimising identified risks and monitoring performance. The Work Plan is a culmination of recent 
environmental assessments undertaken by the Company on areas including but not limited to, flora and fauna, surface water, 
ground water, air quality, noise, visual impacts and radiation. In total, the Work Plan included 17 detailed operational management 
plans. 
In October, the Company submitted its Work Plan proposal to the Earth Resources Regulator in the Victorian Government 
Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (DEECA). In April, the Company received formal Victorian Government 
feedback on its Work Plan submission and has commenced activities to address the matters raised. These include consulting 
with government agencies to address the climate change, air quality, groundwater and noise aspects of the project to ensure that 
the Work Plan meets expectations. A revised submission was subsequently prepared and submitted to the government in June 
2024 and is under assessment. 
Final approval of the Work Plan is targeted prior to the end of CY2024. 
Other Items 
• 
In December the Victorian Environment Protection Authority (EPA) confirmed that the only permit it required under the 
Environment Protection Act 2017 for the Donald Project is the A18, relating to the in-pit tailings cells. Preparation of this permit 
application is underway. 
• 
Retention Licence RL2003, which covers Astron’s Jackson deposit, was renewed to 9 October 2031. 
• 
In April, the Company’s radiation management licence, which expired in December 2023, was renewed until December 2026. 
Geological Evaluation 
A 20-hole sonic drilling program was conducted in the second half of the year on tenement MIN5532. Drilling targeted geotechnical 
investigations and additional bulk density analysis that was completed at ATC Williams laboratories. The drilling also provided 
additional bulk samples for processing into HMC and REEC samples that were sent for evaluation by prospective customers. 
Project Works Tenders 
As the project continues to ramp up towards the expected start of construction early next year, adjudication of submissions from 
a range of high calibre contractors were received during the period across multiple work packages.  
Mining tender commercial and technical adjudications have been finalised and site visits have been held. The tender package for 
earthworks was issued to several earthmoving contractors. In addition, tenders have also been issued for pipe-line supply and 
installation, accommodation village supply and installation, mining product transport and logistics, water/sewage treatment plants 
and general communication infrastructure. 
This combined with the additional engineering work (see below) will form the basis for the Final Investment Decision planned in 
FY2025. 
Process Plant Engineering 
Towards the end of CY2023, the Company executed an Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) agreement with Sedgman Pty Ltd, a 
member of the CIMIC Group. Sedgman is a leading Australian engineering and construction firm with extensive experience in 
mineral processing solutions across the project lifecycle. 
Sedgman has completed value optimisation exercises across the processing plant design. Finalised process design basis and 
criteria have been agreed; these have informed work on procuring the required materials and equipment for construction. All 
tenders relating to process plant equipment supply, pre-assembly and construction have been issued. Quantities for all major 
commodity and equipment requirements have been determined and are largely within DFS estimates. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 46 
Non-process infrastructure 
Road 
Integrated services including the overhead powerline, water pipeline and road upgrades will be installed along a road corridor 
between Minyip and the mine site. Evaluations of road alignment options and design were completed to minimise potential impacts 
on flora along the route. The preliminary road upgrade designs were submitted and subsequently endorsed by the Yarriambiack 
Shire Council during the period. 
Power 
Astron has continued to work closely with Powercor to progress the design and approvals for the 66kV overhead powerline from 
Horsham substation to the mine site. Work during the quarter included preparing submission for necessary approvals, design 
development and studies relating to earthing, heritage and ecology. 
Water 
A design package for provision of raw water to the project was completed during the period. ‘In-principle’ approval of the water 
pipeline design was received from GWM Water (GWM), the local water system operators, following which the Company has 
entered into a developer agreement to commence design for permitting applications. 
Plans for a tie-in operation to connect the project water pipeline to the existing GWM pipeline have been developed and approved 
by GWM. The tie-in is planned for the low-demand winter period to allow connection. Two separate tenders have been issued for 
the tie-in works and pipeline supply and installation. 
Accommodation 
A suitable parcel of land for the accommodation village was identified located and leased. Several site studies have been 
completed including noise modelling, storm water and bush fire analysis. These studies helped form a submission to the local 
government for planning permits. Subsequent to financial year end, the Company received approval from the shire with regards 
to the accommodation village. 
Further activities over the accommodation village site included design of the village power supply. 
Transport and logistics 
HMC and REEC product transport tenders have been issued. The Company received a number of conforming proposals from 
experienced and competent Australian logistic service providers.  
Operational Readiness 
Astron has developed a comprehensive operational readiness plan with the help of external consultants BG&E Pty Ltd for the 
eventual transition from construction into operations. In addition, post the Financial Year close, Astron made a number of key 
appointments including the General Manager of Operations, who will lead the Company into the natural next phrase of its evolution.  
Project Finance 
The Company engaged RPM Global as an independent technical expert to prepare project technical and environmental due 
diligence reports for provision to potential lenders to the project. The Company continues to work with our debt advisors, ICA 
Partners, on the roadmap for obtaining attractive project financing. This included a recent workshop to finalise the debt process 
schedule following the equity commitment from Energy Fuels. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 47 
China operations 
FY24 remained a challenging year at the Yingkou Mineral Separation Plant. Market supply for heavy mineral concentrates into 
China continued to be tight, operating well below optimum utilisation. 
Astron has been in negotiations with raw material suppliers for the purpose of obtaining long-term feedstock supply to the Yingkou 
plant. In the fourth quarter, the operations received a bulk sample for processing trials. If the outcome of the bulk trial is successful, 
it is anticipated that Astron will enter into a long-term supply contract for the raw material. 
Other activities 
Astron’s China team has been exploring options to facilitate processing of the Donald heavy mineral concentrate at the Yingkou 
mineral separation plant with minimal capital expenditure. Activities included working with the Changsha Institute, the leading 
mineral sands process engineers in China, to re-evaluate the existing process flow diagram, which was designed by Mineral 
Technologies, and to conduct discussions with equipment suppliers to explore equipment options. 
The Company has been able to negotiate the return of land it owned in BaYuQuan district, Yingkou, Liaoning to the government 
in exchange for RMB7.5m (~A$1.6m), with funds received in July 2024. Astron China will continue to rationalise its non-core asset 
holdings in China. 
Senegal 
The Niafarang Project is located within a 397 square kilometre exploration licence area on the Casamance coast of Senegal, 
West Africa. Astron has the rights to a licence issued under Order Number 09042/MIM/TMG through its subsidiary company, 
Senegal Mineral Resources (“SMR”). Exploration and mining titles were granted to SMR in 2017, including a Small Mining Licence 
(“SML”) which has been recently renewed with a term expiring in May 2027. 
The Ministry of Mines and Geology in Senegal (Ministry) has now issued an order purporting to withdraw the authorisation granted 
to SMR to operate the SML.  
SMR is of the view that the order issued by the Ministry is invalid on the basis that it does not comply with the procedures set out 
in the Mining Code of Senegal, as the requisite procedures (including certain requirements for formal notices) were not followed. 
Further, the basis of the withdrawal is, in SMR’s view, also invalid as one of the bases of the purported withdrawal is that the 
temporary resettlement of a small, localised population to allow mining activities to commence has not occurred. Under the mining 
code, resettlement depends on actions to be taken by the local and provincial officials in Senegal rather than by the holder of the 
licence. 
SMR has commenced a mediation process under which an independent mediator will be appointed to seek resolution with the 
Ministry. The independent mediator will meet with both parties individually and will also facilitate a joint meeting of the parties. 
This is a mandatory process and, under the mediation process in Senegal, the mediator will make a decision based on his or her 
findings. This decision is subject to a right of appeal by either party under a more formal arbitration process. 
The mediation process commenced by SMR in December 2023. Progress has been slow due to political uncertainty in Senegal 
caused by the initial delay of Presidential elections, and then the subsequent reinstatement of the elections. 
With the election now completed, the Company is optimistic about achieving a positive outcome from the mediation. Local Astron 
representatives have commenced engaging with the new government. It is expected that the election of the new government will 
be beneficial to bringing the mediation process to a close. 
The cost of, and involvement of Astron’s Australian personnel in, the mediation process is minimal. 
BUSINESS RISKS 
Supply risk 
The Company is dependent on renewing its existing supply contracts for rutile and zircon middlings to be processed through its 
plants in China. The Company is currently in advanced discussions with additional feedstock suppliers. 
Funding risk 
The Donald Project is expected to require a significant capital investment. The Company may seek to raise funds through equity 
or debt financing or other means. The terms of such financing cannot be determined at this point and may result in delays in 
execution timelines for the project.

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 48 
Project execution risk 
Project timeframes, capital expenditure, equipment availability, ability to access key personnel or a combination of these and other 
factors have been captured as potential risks in the risk matrix. Where foreseeable delays, which may cause either a delay in the 
completion of the Donald Project or an overrun in terms of capital expenditure or operational costs, are identified they will be 
allowed for in the risk matrix revisions and mitigated at that point. 
Geopolitical risk 
The Company intends to export its products from the Donald Project to various markets. There is a risk that geopolitical risks 
could adversely impact the proposed sales including intended sales to third parties or the Company’s subsidiary operations in 
China. 
Commercial and contract risk 
Potential future earnings, profitability and growth are dependent on the Company’s ability to successfully implement its business 
plans. The Company’s ability to do so depends on a number of different factors, including matters which may be beyond the 
control of the Company. 
Commodity price risk 
The Company’s future revenues are expected to be derived mainly from mineral sands products, rare earth concentrate sales and 
royalties gained from potential joint ventures or other arrangements. Consequently, the Company’s potential future earnings will 
likely be closely related to the price of such minerals which may fluctuate and exchange rate risks for products sold when 
denominated in currencies other than the Australian dollar. 
Exchange rate risk 
The revenue, earnings, assets and liabilities of the Group may be exposed adversely to exchange rate fluctuations. The 
Company’s revenue may be denominated in a foreign currency, and as a result, fluctuations in exchange rates could result in 
unanticipated and material fluctuations in the financial results of the Group. 
Environmental regulation 
The Group’s operations and projects are subject to the laws and regulations regarding environmental compliance and relevant 
hazards of the jurisdictions in which it has interests and carries on business. 
The Environmental Effects Statement for the Donald Project has been approved in Australia. The Group complies with all 
environmental regulations in relation to its operations and there were no reportable environmental incidents from its Australian 
operations. 
In China, the Group continues working closely with the local authorities to maintain high standards. In relation to the manufacturing 
processes in China, there are no outstanding exceptions as noted by regular local government environmental testing and 
supervision. 
To the best of the directors' knowledge, the Group has adequate systems in place to ensure compliance with the requirements of 
all environmental legislation within the jurisdictions in which it operates and is not aware of any breach of those requirements 
during the financial year and up to the date of the Directors' Report. 
Occupational health and safety 
During the year there were 3 minor lost time injuries at the company’s operations in Yingkou, China. The Company has undertaken 
steps, including a health and safety audit of the plant and plant operations, to improve employee safety. 
Significant changes in state of affairs 
There have been no significant changes in the Group's state of affairs during the financial year.

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 49 
LOOKING AHEAD 
Matters subsequent to the end of the financial year 
On 31 July 2024, the Company announced that all the convertible notes on issue had been converted into ordinary shares in the 
Company through the issue of 11,500,000 ordinary shares (including 11,111,111 shares relating to $5,000,000 in principal notes 
and $1,000,000 in interest notes and 388,889 ordinary shares as an early conversion fee). The ordinary shares issued to the 
convertible note holder are subject to a voluntary escrow period of twelve months from issue. 
The Group has funding options available to provide support for ongoing operations. These funding options could be a mix of third 
parties or director/shareholder support and will be pursued as required. 
No other matters or circumstances that have arisen since the end of the financial year which significantly affected or may 
significantly affect the operations of the Group, the results of those operations or the state of affairs of the Group in future financial 
years. 
Likely Developments 
During the next financial year, the Group expects to: 
• 
satisfy all conditions precedent to the Donald Project joint venture agreement with Energy Fuels becoming effective; 
• 
receive final approval of the Victorian Mining Work Plan for the Donald Project; 
• 
negotiate and confirm offtake agreements for HMC produced by the Donald Project; 
• 
secure appropriate financing for the Donald Project through the most efficient mix of debt and equity funding;  
• 
undertake a Final Investment Decision (FID) for the Donald Project; and 
• 
continue engagement with the local community and regulators in relation to both the Donald Project and the Senegal Project; 
and 
• 
Chinese heavy mineral processing plant production expected to increase as supply agreements are realised. 
For the Donald Project, the following represent the key work streams: 
• 
finalisation of early contractor involvement to confirm engineering and design ready for construction commencement; 
• 
complete final design and tender packages for key off-site infrastructure including overhead powerline, water and road 
upgrades and accommodation village; 
• 
complete tender packages for key operating contracts including mining services and transport and logistics; 
• 
complete final capital and operating cost estimates for Phase 1 construction and operations; and 
• 
collaborate with advisors and potential financiers to secure appropriate construction funding and undertake FID. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 50 
REMUNERATION REPORT 
Policy for determining the nature and amount of Key Management Personnel (KMP) remuneration 
The remuneration policy of the Group has been designed to align director and executive objectives with shareholder and business 
objectives by providing a fixed remuneration component and offering potential long-term incentives based on key performance 
areas affecting the Group's financial results. The Board of Astron Corporation Limited believes the remuneration policy to be 
appropriate and effective in its ability to attract and retain the best executives and directors to run and manage the Group, as well 
as create goal congruence between directors, executives and shareholders. 
The Board's policy for determining the nature and amount or remuneration for the board members and senior executives of the 
Group is as follows: 
• 
The remuneration policy for executive directors and other KMP was developed by the Nomination & Remuneration committee 
and approved by the Board after seeking professional advice from an independent external consultant. 
• 
All executives receive a market-related base salary (which is based on factors such as length of service and experience), 
other statutory benefits and potential performance incentives. 
• 
The Nomination & Remuneration committee reviews executive packages annually by reference to the Group’s performance, 
executive performance and comparable information from industry sectors. 
The performance of executives is measured against criteria agreed with each executive and is based predominantly on the 
forecast growth of the Group’s profits and shareholders’ value. All bonuses and incentives are linked to the performance of the 
individual and are discretionary. The objective is designed to attract the highest calibre of executives and reward them for 
performance that results in long term growth in shareholder wealth. 
At the discretion of the Committee from time to time shares are issued to executives to reflect their achievements. The Board has 
approved the Employee Share Option Plan (ESOP) and, subsequent to shareholder approval, options were issued to directors 
and other employees and consultants. 
Where applicable executive directors and executives receive a superannuation guarantee contribution required by the government, 
which was 11.0% during the year ended 30 June 2024 increasing to 11.5% in the year ending 30 June 2025, and do not receive 
any other retirement benefits. 
Some individuals, however, have chosen to sacrifice part of their salary to increase payments towards superannuation. 
If shares are given to directors and/or executives, these shares are issued at the market price of those shares. 
The board policy is to remunerate non-executive directors at market rates for time, commitment and responsibilities. The Board 
determines payments to the non-executive directors and reviews their remuneration annually, based on market practice, duties 
and accountability. Independent external advice is sought when required. The maximum aggregate amount of fees that can be 
paid to non-executive directors is subject to approval by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting. Fees for non-executive 
directors are not linked to the performance of the Group. However, to align director's interests with shareholder interests, the 
directors are encouraged to hold shares in the Group. 
Performance based remuneration 
As part of each executive director and executive’s remuneration package there is a discretionary short term incentive element. 
This program intends to align the interests of directors and executives with those of the business and shareholders. 
In determining whether or not each executive director and executive's bonus is due, the Nomination & Remuneration committee 
bases the assessment on audited figures and independent reports where appropriate. 
The Nomination & Remuneration committee reserves the right to award bonuses where performance expectation has prima facie 
not been met but it is considered in the interests of the Group to continue to reward that individual. 
Discretionary bonuses of Nil (2023: Nil) were paid during the year. 
The Company is formalising a short term incentive program that will be based on key performance indicators (KPIs) set at the 
beginning of the performance period and assessed at the end of the performance period. KPIs for each employee will be set with 
overall Group business, operating and financial objectives in mind and will be a combination of Group and individual performance 
measures. The terms of the short term inventive program are currently being defined for review and approval by the Nomination 
& Remuneration committee. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 51 
Company performance, shareholder wealth and directors’ and executives’ remuneration 
The remuneration policy has been tailored to increase goal congruence between shareholders, directors and executives. This has 
been achieved by awarding discretionary bonuses to encourage the alignment of personal and shareholder interests. The Group 
believes this policy to have been effective in increasing shareholder wealth and the Group's consolidated statement of financial 
position over the past five years. 
The following table shows the sales revenue, profits and dividends for the last five years for the listed entity, as well as the share 
price at the end of the respective financial years. 
A$’000 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
Sales revenue 
8,430 
16,418 
19,000 
14,459 
12,217 
Net Loss 
(6,293) 
(2,968) 
(9,038) 
(7,731) 
(24,866) 
Share Price at Year-end 
0.17 
0.58 
0.50 
0.49 
0.76 
Dividends Paid 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Key Management Personnel 
The following persons were KMP of the Group during the financial year: 
Name 
Position Held 
Directors 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
Chairman – non-executive 
Mr Tiger Brown 
Managing director 
Mdm Kang Rong 
Non-executive director 
Mr Gerard King 
Non-executive director 
Dr Mark Elliott 
Non-executive director 
Key executives 
 
Mr Tim Chase 
General Manager of global operations (resigned 17 July 2023) 
Mr Sean Chelius 
Donald project director 
Mr Greg Bell 
Chief Financial Officer  
Mr Joshua Theunissen 
General counsel and Australian company secretary 
Shareholdings 
Details of equity instruments (other than options and rights) held directly, indirectly, beneficially or potentially beneficially by KMP 
and their related parties are as follows: 
30 June 2024 
Balance 
1 Jul 2023 
Shares 
purchased 
Options 
Exercised 
Other 
Balance 
30 Jun 2024 
Directors 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
675,926 
- 
- 
- 
675,926 
Mr Tiger Brown 
96,017,824 
- 
- 
- 
96,017,824 
Mdm Kang Rong 
4,000,100 
- 
 
(1,000,000) 
3,000,100 
Mr Gerard King 
1,900,990 
- 
- 
- 
1,900,990 
Dr Mark Elliott 
438,993 
- 
- 
- 
438,993 
Key executives 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr Sean Chelius 
- 
- 
- 
99,425 
99,425 
Mr Greg Bell 
93,188 
- 
- 
- 
93,188 
Mr Joshua Theunissen 
37,138 
15,726 
- 
- 
52,864 
 
103,164,159 
15,726 
- 
(900,575) 
102,280,310 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 52 
Options held 
Details of options held directly, indirectly, beneficially or potentially beneficially by KMP and their related parties are as follows: 
30 June 2024 
Balance 
1 Jul 2023 
Options 
issued 
Options 
exercised 
Balance 
30 Jun 2024 
Directors 
 
 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
1,200,000 
- 
- 
1,200,000 
Mr Tiger Brown 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Mdm Kang Rong 
- 
- 
- 
- 
Mr Gerard King 
400,000 
- 
- 
400,000 
Dr Mark Elliott 
800,000 
- 
- 
800,000 
Key executives 
 
 
 
 
Mr Tim Chase1 
500,000 
- 
(500,000) 
- 
Mr Sean Chelius 
600,000 
- 
- 
600,000 
Mr Greg Bell 
600,000 
- 
- 
600,000 
Mr Joshua Theunissen 
200,000 
- 
- 
200,000 
 
4,300,000 
- 
(500,000) 
3,800,000 
1. 
T. Chase resigned on 17 July 2023 and ceased to be a member of KMP. 
Details of Remuneration 
Details of compensation by key management personnel of Astron Corporation Limited Group are set out below: 
 
 
Short term benefits 
 
Post-employment 
benefits 
 
 
 
Cash, fees 
salary & 
commission
s 
A$ 
 
 
Cash 
Bonus 
A$ 
Non-cash 
benefits/ 
other 
A$ 
Share-
based 
payment 
expenses1 
A$ 
Termination 
payments 
A$ 
Superannuation 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
% of 
remuneration 
that is 
performance 
based 
Year ended 30 June 
2024 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
120,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
13,200 
133,200 
- 
Mr Tiger Brown 
268,752 
50,000 
1,920 
- 
- 
27,424 
348,096 
14.4 
Mdm Kang Rong2 
234,160 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
243,160 
- 
Mr Gerard King 
60,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
60,000 
- 
Dr Mark Elliott 
60,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6,600 
66,600 
- 
Key executives 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr Sean Chelius 
326,752 
153,800 
16,071 
- 
- 
27,424 
524,047 
29.3 
Mr Greg Bell 
331,133 
105,532 
- 
13,345 
- 
27,399 
477,409 
24.9 
Mr Joshua Theunissen 
135,318 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
135,318 
- 
 
1,536,115 
309,332 
17,991 
13,345 
- 
102,047 
1,978,830 
 
 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 53 
Details of Remuneration (cont’d) 
 
Short term benefits 
 
Post-employment 
benefits 
 
 
 
Cash, fees 
salary & 
commissions 
A$ 
Non-cash 
benefits/ 
other 
A$ 
Share-based 
payment 
expenses1` 
A$ 
Termination 
payments 
A$ 
Superannuation 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
% of 
remuneration 
that is 
performance 
based 
Year ended 30 June 2023 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
140,600 
- 
102,453 
- 
- 
243,053 
42.2 
Mr Tiger Brown 
100,000 
- 
- 
- 
10,500 
110,500 
- 
Mdm Kang Rong2 
250,000 
- 
- 
- 
- 
250,000 
- 
Mr Gerard King 
60,000 
- 
102,453 
- 
- 
162,453 
63.1 
Dr Mark Elliott 
60,000 
- 
- 
- 
6,300 
66,300 
- 
Key executives 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mr Tim Chase3 
326,154 
10,876 
- 
- 
33,921 
370,951 
- 
Mr Sean Chelius 
319,000 
14,151 
- 
- 
27,500 
360,651 
- 
Mr Greg Bell4 
240,912 
- 
125,845 
- 
18,969 
385,726 
32.6 
Mr Joshua Theunissen1 
94,575 
- 
- 
- 
- 
94,575 
- 
 
1,591,241 
25,027 
330,751 
- 
97,190 
2,044,209 
16.2 
Notes: 
1. 
The figures provided in ‘Share-based payment expenses’ were not provided in cash to the KMP during the financial period. These amounts 
are calculated in accordance with accounting standards and represent the amortisation of accounting fair values of performance rights that 
have been granted to KMP in this or prior financial years. The fair value of performance rights have been valued as at their date of grant 
and in accordance with the requirements of HKFRS 2 Share-Based Payments. The fair value of options is measured using a generally 
accepted valuation model. The fair values are then amortised over the entire vesting period of the equity instruments. Total remuneration 
shown in ‘Total’ therefore includes a portion of the fair value of unvested equity compensation during the year. The amount included as 
remuneration is not related to or indicative of the benefit (if any) that individuals may ultimately realise should these equity instruments vest 
and be exercised. 
2. 
Paid or payable to management company. 
3. 
During the year ended 30 June 2023, Mr Tim Chase entered into an agreement with the Company to pay out a portion of the annual leave 
liability owing to him from past service. A total amount of $61,154 (before taxes and superannuation) was paid under the agreement which 
was included in the Group’s provision for annual leave at 30 June 2022. 
4. 
Mr Greg Bell was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer of the Group on 3 October 2022 and, as such, become a member of KMP from 
this date. Mr Bell received 600,000 share options as part of his agreement to hold the position, with various vesting conditions as outlined 
in Note 27 of the financial statements. These share options have been valued in accordance with HKFRS 2 and will be amortised in 
accordance with the vesting conditions. 
Use of remuneration consultants 
The Board has previously employed external consultants to review and provide recommendations regarding the amount and 
elements of executive remuneration, including short-term and long-term incentive plan design. No remuneration consultants were 
employed during the year. 
Termination payment 
No termination payments were paid during the year to KMP. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 54 
Share-based payments 
During the 2024 year, there were no (2023: 1,400,000) options granted to directors or KMP. (2023: $346,349). The value of share 
options issued to KMP will be amortised in accordance with their vesting conditions to comply with HKFRS 2 Share based 
payments. 
Voting and comments at the Company’s 2023 Annual General Meeting 
The Company received 91.45% of “yes” votes on its remuneration report for the 2023 financial year. 
The Company did not receive any specific feedback at the AGM on its remuneration report. 
Service contracts 
Service contracts (or letters of engagement) have been entered into, or are in the process of being entered into, by the Group 
with all KMP and executives, describing the components and amounts of remuneration applicable on their initial appointment 
including terms, other than non-executives who have long established understanding of arrangements with the Group. These 
contracts do not fix the amount of remuneration increases from year to year. Remuneration levels are reviewed generally each 
year by the Nomination & Remuneration Committee to align with changes in job responsibilities and market salary expectations. 
Other key management personnel have ongoing contracts with a notice period of three months for key management personnel. 
There are no non-standard termination clauses in any of these contracts. 
The Nomination & Remuneration Committee considers the appropriate remuneration requirements. In August 2012, the Group 
engaged external consultants to review the Group’s salary and incentive benchmarks. No consultants were engaged to review 
Group remunerations during the year ended 30 June 2024. 
END OF REMUNERATION REPORT 
INDEMNIFYING OFFICERS OR AUDITOR 
Insurance premiums paid for directors 
During the year, the Group paid a premium in respect of a contract indemnifying directors, secretaries and executive officers of 
the Company and its controlled entities against a liability incurred as director, secretary or executive officer. The contract of 
insurance prohibits disclosure of the nature of the cover. 
The Company has not otherwise, during or since the end of the financial year, except to the extent permitted by law, indemnified 
or agreed to indemnify an officer or auditor of the Company or any of its controlled entities against a liability incurred as such an 
officer or auditor. 
NON-AUDIT SERVICES 
During the financial year, the following fees for non-audit services were paid or payable to the auditor BDO Limited or its related 
practices: 
 
2024 
$ 
2023 
$ 
Other Services 
 
 
Taxation services 
- 
- 
Other assurance services 
- 
- 
The directors are satisfied that the provision of non-audit services during the year by the auditor (or by another person or firm on 
behalf of the auditor) is compatible with the general standard of independence for auditors imposed by the Corporations Act 2001. 
The directors are satisfied that the provision of non-audit services by the auditor, as set out above, did not compromise the auditor 
independence requirements of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (HKICPA) for the following reasons: 
• 
all non-audit services have been reviewed by the Board to ensure that they do not impact the integrity and objectivity of the 
auditor; and 
• 
none of the non-audit services undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set out by the HKICPA. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors' Report 
30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 55 
AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE DECLARATION 
The lead auditor’s independence declaration for the year ended 30 June 2024 has been received and can be found on page 56 
of the financial report. 
DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION REGARDING HKFRS COMPLIANCE STATEMENT 
The directors declare that these annual financial statements have been prepared in compliance with Hong Kong Financial 
Reporting Standards. 
DIVIDENDS PAID AND PROPOSED 
No final dividend was proposed for the year ended 30 June 2024 (2023: Nil). 
PROCEEDINGS ON BEHALF OF COMPANY 
No person has applied to the Court for leave to bring proceedings on behalf of the Company, or to intervene in any proceedings 
to which the Company is a party, for the purpose of taking responsibility on behalf of the Company for all or part of those 
proceedings. 
Signed in accordance with a resolution of the board of directors and is signed for and on behalf of the directors by: 
Chairman: 
 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
Date: 16 September 2024 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Declaration of Independence 
to the Directors of Astron Corporation Limited 
As lead auditor of Astron Corporation Limited for the year ended 30 June 2024 I declare that, to the best of my knowledge and 
belief, there have been no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements in the Code of Ethics for Professional 
Accountants issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. 
BOO Limited 
Certified Public Accountants 
Chiu Wing Cheung Ringo 
Practising Certificate Number P04434 
Hong Kong, 16 September 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements 
I 56 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 57 
 
 
Consolidated 
Year ended 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Sales revenue 
5 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
Cost of sales 
 
(14,935,159) 
(14,244,971) 
Gross (loss)/profit 
 
(2,718,239) 
213,754 
Interest income 
5 
1,074 
474 
Other income 
5 
1,507,322 
1,970,774 
Distribution expenses 
 
(86,221) 
(152,140) 
Marketing expenses 
 
(12,810) 
(179,332) 
Occupancy expenses 
 
(1,549) 
(21,195) 
Administrative expenses 
 
(8,315,395) 
(6,076,128) 
Provision for impairment on receivables 
6 
(166,240) 
(118,716) 
Write-off of sundry receivables and prepayments 
 
(1,014,155) 
- 
Fair value (loss) /gain on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
 
(5,519) 
744 
Impairment of inventories 
 
(855,495) 
- 
Net impairment of Niafarang project 
6 
(9,596,089) 
- 
Costs associated with Gambian litigation 
6 
- 
(47,655) 
Share based payments expenses 
6 
(13,345) 
(285,522) 
Finance costs 
6 
(729,571) 
(1,185,794) 
Other expenses 
 
(318,382) 
(158,385) 
Loss before income tax expense 
6 
(22,324,614) 
(6,039,121) 
Income tax expense 
7 
(2,541,070) 
(1,691,871) 
Net loss for the year 
 
(24,865,684) 
(7,730,992) 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation differences (tax: Nil) 
 
312,540 
(384,014) 
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax 
 
312,540 
(384,014) 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
 
(24,553,144) 
(8,115,006) 
Loss for the year attributable to: 
 
 
 
Owners of Astron Corporation Limited 
 
(24,865,684) 
(7,730,992) 
 
 
 
 
Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to: 
 
 
 
Owners of Astron Corporation Limited 
 
(24,553,144) 
(8,115,006) 
 
 
 
 
Loss per share 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted loss per share (cents) 
8 
(15.74) 
(5.98) 
 
The above Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income should be read in conjunction with the 
accompanying notes included on pages 61 to 105. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 
As at 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 58 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
ASSETS 
 
 
 
Current assets 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
10 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
Term deposits greater than 90 days 
10 
139,209 
46,112 
Trade and other receivables and prepayments 
11 
5,752,850 
6,261,343 
Inventories 
12 
1,266,900 
2,217,845 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
14 
42,800 
8,319 
Total current assets 
 
9,947,558 
15,738,293 
 
 
 
 
Non-current assets 
 
 
 
Property, plant and equipment 
16 
19,882,759 
22,831,507 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
17 
93,372,759 
82,590,196 
Development costs 
18 
- 
8,901,965 
Right-of-use assets 
19 
1,799,990 
2,773,422 
Total non-current assets 
 
115,055,508 
117,097,090 
TOTAL ASSETS 
 
125,003,066 
132,835,383 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES 
 
 
 
Current liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
20 
9,248,421 
6,578,001 
Contract liabilities 
21 
98,508 
656,001 
Borrowings – current 
22 
8,891,356 
14,627,740 
Convertible notes 
23 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
Lease liabilities 
35 
85,256 
- 
Provisions 
24 
151,123 
126,666 
Total current liabilities 
 
23,096,937 
27,353,731 
 
 
 
 
Non-current liabilities 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liabilities 
25 
15,161,890 
12,620,821 
Borrowings – non-current 
22 
6,431,713 
1,569,078 
Lease liabilities 
35 
147,997 
- 
Long-term provisions 
24 
- 
795,450 
Total non-current liabilities 
 
21,741,600 
14,985,349 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 
 
44,838,537 
42,339,080 
NET ASSETS 
 
80,164,529 
90,493,303 
 
 
 
 
EQUITY 
 
 
 
Issued capital 
26 
102,985,548 
89,233,205 
Reserves 
28 
18,864,215 
18,082,648 
Accumulated losses 
 
(41,685,234) 
(16,819,550) 
TOTAL EQUITY 
 
80,164,529 
90,493,303 
 
 
 
Mr Tiger Brown 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
The above Consolidated Statement of Financial Position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes included on 
pages 61 to 105. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 59 
 
Note 
Issued 
capital 
A$ 
Accumulated 
losses 
A$ 
Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
A$ 
Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 
A$ 
Convertible 
notes equity 
reserve 
A$ 
Capital 
reserve 
A$ 
Total equity 
A$ 
Balance at 1 July 2022 
 
76,549,865 
(9,088,558) 
1,832,735 
14,212,420 
546,818 
1,450,005 
 
85,503,285 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
 
- 
(7,730,992) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(7,730,992) 
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- Exchange differences on 
translation of foreign 
operations 
 
- 
- 
- 
(384,014) 
- 
- 
(384,014) 
Total comprehensive 
income/(loss) for the year 
 
- 
(7,730,992) 
- 
(384,014) 
- 
- 
(8,115,006) 
Issue of ordinary shares 
 
12,995,003 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
12,995,003 
Share issue costs 
 
(172,501) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(172,501) 
Recognition of equity settled 
share-based payments expense 
26 
(139,162) 
- 
424,684 
- 
- 
- 
285,522 
Total transactions with owners 
recognised directly in equity 
 
12,683,340 
- 
424,684 
- 
- 
- 
13,108,024 
Equity as at 30 June 2023 
 
89,233,205 
(16,819,550) 
2,257,419 
13,828,406 
546,818 
1,450,005 
90,496,303 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 July 2023 
 
89,233,205 
(16,819,550) 
2,257,419 
13,828,406 
546,818 
1,450,005 
90,496,303 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss for the year 
 
- 
(24,865,684) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(24,865,684) 
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- Exchange differences on 
translation of foreign 
operations 
 
- 
- 
- 
312,540 
- 
- 
312,540 
Total comprehensive 
income/(loss) for the year 
 
- 
(24,865,684) 
- 
312,540 
- 
- 
(24,553,144) 
Issue of ordinary shares 
 
12,727,724 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
12,727,724 
Share issue costs 
 
(66,517) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(66,517) 
Conversion of 10,000 convertible 
notes 
 
1,091,136 
- 
- 
- 
(91,136) 
- 
1,000,000 
Extension of convertible note 
 
- 
- 
- 
- 
546,818 
- 
546,818 
Recognition of equity settled 
share-based payments expense 
26 
- 
- 
13,345 
- 
- 
- 
13,345 
Total transactions with owners 
recognised directly in equity 
 
13,752,343 
- 
13,345 
- 
455,682 
- 
14,221,370 
Equity as at 30 June 2024 
 
102,985,548 
(42,485,694) 
2,270,764 
14,140,946 
1,002,500 
1,450,005 
80,164,529 
 
The above Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes included on 
pages 61 to 105. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 60 
 
 
Consolidated 
Year ended 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Cash flows from operating activities: 
 
 
 
Receipts from customers 
 
14,221,951 
22,376,537 
Payments to suppliers and employees 
 
(22,089,125) 
(25,567,857) 
Net cash outflows from operations 
 
(7,864,174) 
(3,191,320) 
Refundable Australian R&D tax offsets received 
 
- 
1,543,575 
Net cash outflows from operating activities 
33 
(7,864,174) 
(1,647,745) 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities: 
 
 
 
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 
 
(194,638) 
(1,484,650) 
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 
 
297,750 
- 
Investment in community housing initiative 
14 
(40,000) 
- 
Investment in financial assets – terms deposits greater than 90 days  
 
(93,097) 
- 
Capitalised exploration and evaluation expenditure 
 
(7,639,145) 
(5,855,362) 
Net cash outflows from investing activities 
 
(7,669,130) 
(7,340,012) 
 
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities: 
 
 
 
Interest received 
 
1,074 
474 
Interest paid 
 
(723,835) 
(362,641) 
Contribution from joint venture activities  
 
3,221,201 
- 
Proceeds from the issue of ordinary shares net of transaction costs 
 
12,613,482 
11,822,502 
Principal paid on lease liabilities 
 
(75,503) 
- 
Net proceeds from/(repayment of) borrowings 
 
(4,139,430) 
2,611,311 
Net cash inflows from financing activities 
33 
10,896,989 
14,071,646 
 
 
 
 
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents 
 
(4,636,315) 
5,083,889 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 
 
7,204,674 
2,447,986 
Net foreign exchange differences 
 
177,440 
(327,201) 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 
33 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
 
The above Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes included on pages 
61 to 105. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 61 
1. 
General Information 
The consolidated financial statements of Astron Corporation Limited for the year ended 30 June 2024 were authorised for 
issue in accordance with a resolution of the directors on 16 September 2024 and relate to the consolidated entity consisting 
of Astron Corporation Limited (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively “the Group”).  
The financial statements are presented in Australian dollars ($). 
Astron Corporation Limited is a for-profit company limited by shares incorporated in Hong Kong whose shares are publicly 
traded through CHESS Depository Interests on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). 
2. 
Basis of preparation and material accounting policy information 
Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards 
and Interpretations (hereinafter collectively referred to as the (“HKFRS”) issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public 
Accountants (“HKICPA”) and the provisions of the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance which concern the preparation of 
financial statements. 
The consolidated financial statements have also been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial 
instruments which are measured at fair value as explained in the accounting policies set out below. 
Going concern basis 
As at 30 June 2024, the Group had a deficit of current assets over current liabilities of $13,149,379 including current bank 
borrowings of $5,608,292 while cash held by the Group is recorded to be $2,745,799. For the year ended 30 June 2024, the 
Group incurred a gross loss and net loss after tax of $2,718,239 and $24,865,684 respectively and recorded net cash 
outflows from operating activities of $7,864,174. The deficit of current assets over current liabilities, gross loss, continued 
operating losses and net cash outflows from operating activities, are conditions, along with the matters set out below, that 
may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements have 
been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the continuity of normal business activity and the realisation of 
assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. The directors are of the view that based on cash flow 
forecasts covering 18 months from the end of the reporting period and consideration of the plans and measures stated below, 
the business remains a going concern. 
The directors are confident the Group will have sufficient funds to meet its ongoing needs for at least the next 12 months 
from the date of this report based on the following: 
• 
The completion of the joint venture agreement with Energy Fuels will provide sufficient new funding to continue 
progression of development activities relating to the Donald Project and continue to meet its primary milestones in 
relation to the Project. 
• 
The directors anticipate that the Group will be able to renew certain borrowings and raise further funding, through capital 
raisings, private placement or otherwise, to fund any head office corporate costs and cash shortfall experienced in 
China. 
• 
The Group has agreed in principle terms for stable supply of appropriate raw materials for the Group’s mineral separation 
plant in China. Agreement for a stable supply of raw materials is imperative to the sustainability and profitability of the 
mineral separation plant as not only will it ensure consistent production volumes (and, by extension, sales volumes), it 
will also allow the Group to increase production efficiencies through reducing the volatility of plant settings and 
consequently increase profit margins. The Group has received and processed shipments of raw materials in the third 
quarter of 2024. Notwithstanding the above agreement, it is not expected that the plant will operate at full capacity in 
this timeframe. 
• 
An undertaking by the majority shareholder to provide financial support where necessary to enable the Group to meet 
its obligations and commitments until the Company is adequately financed. 
• 
The undertaking by a director not to demand repayments due to her and her related entities of approximately $4.8 million 
until such time when any repayment will not affect the Group’s ability to repay other creditors in the normal course of 
business (refer note 31). 
Assuming the plans and measures in the forecast can be successfully implemented as scheduled, the directors are of the 
opinion that the Group will have sufficient working capital to finance its operations and fulfil its financial obligations as and 
when they fall due. Accordingly, the directors of the Group consider that it is appropriate to prepare the consolidated financial 
statements on a going concern basis notwithstanding that there is a material uncertainty relating to the above events or 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 62 
conditions that may cast significant doubt as to the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and, therefore, that it may 
be unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business. 
Notwithstanding the above, significant material uncertainties exist as to whether the directors of the Company will be able to 
achieve its plans and measures as described above. Whether the Group will be able to continue as a going concern would 
depend upon the Group’s ability to generate adequate financing and operating cash flows in the near future, and to obtain 
continuous financial support from its related parties. 
Should the Group fail to achieve the plans and measures as scheduled, it might not be able to continue as a going concern, 
and adjustments would have to be made to reduce the value of assets to their net realisable amounts, to reclassify non-
current assets and non-current liabilities as current assets and current liabilities respectively and to provide for any further 
liabilities which might arise. The effect of these adjustments has not been reflected in these consolidated financial 
statements. 
Material accounting policy information 
The following material accounting policy information have been adopted in the preparation and presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements. 
Basis of consolidation 
The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and all of its subsidiaries as at 30 June 2024. The 
Company controls a subsidiary if it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the subsidiary and 
has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary. 
All transactions and balances between Group companies are eliminated on consolidation, including unrealised gains and 
losses on transactions between Group companies. Where unrealised losses on intra-group asset sales are reversed on 
consolidation, the underlying asset is also tested for impairment from a Group perspective. Amounts reported in the financial 
statements of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies adopted 
by the Group. 
Profit or loss and other comprehensive income of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are recognised from 
the effective date of acquisition, or up to the effective date of disposal, as applicable. 
Foreign currency translation 
The functional and presentation currency of the Company and its Australian subsidiaries is Australian dollars ($). 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates ruling at the date of the 
transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rate of exchange ruling 
at the end of the reporting period. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from settling foreign currency transactions, 
as well as from restating foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, are recognised in profit or loss except 
when they are deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges or where they relate to differences 
on foreign currency borrowings that provide a hedge against a net investment in a foreign entity. 
Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when 
fair value was determined. 
The functional currency of the overseas subsidiaries is primarily Chinese Renminbi (RMB). The assets and liabilities of these 
overseas subsidiaries are translated into the presentation currency of the Company at the closing rate at the end of the 
reporting period and income and expenses are translated at the weighted average exchange rates for the year. All resulting 
exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income as a separate component of equity (foreign currency 
translation reserve). On disposal of a foreign entity, the cumulative exchange differences recognised in foreign currency 
translation reserves relating to that particular foreign operation are recognised in the profit or loss. 
Revenue recognition 
Revenue is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Amounts disclosed as revenue are net 
of returns, trade allowances and duties and taxes paid. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before 
revenue is recognised: 
Sale of goods 
Revenue from contracts with customers is recognised when control of goods is transferred to the customers at an amount 
that reflects the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods, excluding those 
amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue excludes value added tax or other sales taxes and is after deduction 
of any trade discounts. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 63 
Depending on the terms of the contract and the laws that apply to the contract, control of the goods may be transferred over 
time or at a point in time. Control of the goods is transferred over time if the Group’s performance: 
• 
provides all of the benefits received and consumed simultaneously by the customer; 
• 
creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the Group performs; or 
• 
does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Group and the Group has an enforceable right to payment for 
performance completed to date. 
If control of the goods transfers over time, revenue is recognised over the period of the contract by reference to the progress 
towards complete satisfaction of that performance obligation. Otherwise, revenue is recognised at a point in time when the 
customer obtains control of the goods. 
Customers obtain control of the goods when the goods are delivered to and have been accepted. Revenue is thus recognised 
upon when the customers accepted the goods. There is generally only one performance obligation. 
Contract liabilities 
A contract liability represents the Group’s obligation to transfer goods to a customer for which the Group has received 
consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. 
Interest income 
Interest income is recognised as it accrues using the effective interest method. The effective interest method uses the 
effective interest rate which is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash receipts over the expected life of the 
financial asset. 
Rental income 
Rental income is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Contingent rentals are recognised as income in 
the periods when they are earned. 
Income tax 
The income tax expense for the year is the tax payable on the current year's taxable income based on the national income 
tax rate for each jurisdiction adjusted by changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary differences 
between the tax base of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements, and to unused tax 
losses. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for all temporary differences, between carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and their respective tax bases, at the tax rates expected to apply when the assets 
are recovered or liabilities settled, based on those tax rates which are enacted or substantively enacted for each jurisdiction. 
Exceptions are made for certain temporary differences arising on initial recognition of an asset or a liability if they arose in a 
transaction, other than a business combination, that at the time of the transaction did not affect either accounting profit or 
taxable profit. 
Deferred tax assets are only recognised for deductible temporary differences and unused tax losses if it is probable that 
future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised for temporary differences between the carrying amount and tax bases 
of investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures where the parent entity is able to control the timing 
of the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 
The Group has implemented the tax consolidation legislation for the whole of the financial year. The stand-alone taxpayer 
within a group approach has been used to allocate current income tax expense and deferred tax balances to wholly owned 
subsidiaries that form part of the tax consolidated group where the head entity has assumed all the current tax liabilities and 
the deferred tax assets arising from unused tax losses for the tax consolidated group via intercompany receivables and 
payables because a tax funding arrangement has been in place for the whole financial year. The amounts receivable/payable 
under tax funding arrangements are due upon notification by the head entity, which is issued soon after the end of each 
financial year. Interim funding notices may also be issued by the head entity to its wholly owned subsidiaries in order for the 
head entity to be able to pay tax instalments. These amounts are recognised as current intercompany receivables or 
payables. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 64 
Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) is initially measured at fair value 
plus, for an item not at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition 
or issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price. 
All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on the trade date, that is, the date that the Group 
commits to purchase or sell the asset. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require 
delivery of assets within the period generally established by regulation or convention in the market place. 
Equity instruments 
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Group could irrevocably elect to present 
subsequent changes in the investment’s fair value in other comprehensive income. This election is made on an investment-
by-investment basis. Equity investments at fair value through other comprehensive income are measured at fair value. 
Dividend income are recognised in profit or loss unless the dividend income clearly represents a recovery of part of the cost 
of the investments. Other net gains and losses are recognised in other comprehensive income and are not reclassified to 
profit or loss. All other equity instruments are classified as FVTPL, whereby changes in fair value, dividends and interest 
income are recognised in profit or loss. 
Impairment loss on financial assets 
The Group recognises loss allowances for expected credit loss (ECL) on trade receivables, other receivables, and other 
financial assets measured at amortised cost. The ECLs are measured on either of the following bases: (1) 12 months ECLs: 
these are the ECLs that result from possible default events within the 12 months after the reporting date: and (2) lifetime 
ECLs: these are ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. The 
maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Group is exposed to 
credit risk. 
ECLs are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the difference between all 
contractual cash flows that are due to the Group in accordance with the contract and all the cash flows that the Group expects 
to receive. The shortfall is then discounted at an approximation to the assets’ original effective interest rate. 
For trade receivables, the Group applies the simplified approach and has calculated ECLs based on lifetime ECLs. The 
Group has established a provision matrix that is based on the Group’s historical credit loss experience, adjusted for forward-
looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment. 
For other debt financial assets, the ECLs are based on the 12-months ECLs. However, when there has been a significant 
increase in credit risk since origination, the allowance will be based on the lifetime ECLs. 
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when 
estimating ECL, the Group considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue 
cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information analysis, based on the Group’s historical experience 
and informed credit assessment and including forward-looking information. 
The Group assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than 30 days past due. 
The Group considers a financial asset to be credit-impaired when: (1) the borrower is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to 
the Group in full, without recourse by the Group to actions such as realising security (if any is held); or (2) the financial asset 
is more than 90 days past due. 
Interest income on credit-impaired financial assets is calculated based on the amortised cost (i.e. the gross carrying amount 
less loss allowance) of the financial asset. For non credit-impaired financial assets interest income is calculated based on 
the gross carrying amount. 
Financial liabilities 
The Group classifies its financial liabilities, depending on the purpose for which the liabilities were incurred. Financial 
liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are initially measured at fair value and financial liabilities at amortised costs are 
initially measured at fair value, net of directly attributable costs incurred. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 65 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Financial liabilities at amortised cost including trade and other payables, borrowings and the debt element of convertible 
notes issued by the Group are subsequently measured at amortised cost, using the effective interest method. The related 
interest expense is recognised in profit or loss. 
Gains or losses are recognised in profit or loss when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the amortisation 
process. 
Convertible notes 
Convertible notes issued by the Group that contain both the liability and conversion option components are classified 
separately into their respective items on initial recognition. Conversion option that will be settled by the exchange of a fixed 
amount of cash or another financial asset for a fixed number of the Company’s own equity instruments is classified as an 
equity instrument. 
On initial recognition, the fair value of the liability component is determined using the prevailing market interest rate of similar 
non-convertible debts. The difference between the proceeds of the issue of the convertible notes and the fair value assigned 
to the liability component, representing the conversion option for the holder to convert the notes into equity, is included in 
equity (convertible notes equity reserve). 
In subsequent periods, the liability component of the convertible notes is carried at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method. The equity component, represented by the option to convert the liability component into ordinary shares of the 
Company, will remain in convertible notes equity reserve until the embedded option is exercised (in which case the balance 
stated in convertible notes equity reserve will be transferred to issued capital). Where the option remains unexercised at the 
expiry dates, the balance stated in convertible notes equity reserve will be released to the retained earnings. No gain or loss 
is recognised upon conversion or expiration of the option. 
Transaction costs that relate to the issue of the convertible notes are allocated to the liability and equity components in 
proportion to the allocation of the proceeds. Transaction costs relating to the equity component are charged directly to equity. 
Transaction costs relating to the liability component are included in the carrying amount of the liability portion and amortised 
over the period of the convertible notes using the effective interest method. 
Effective interest method 
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability and of 
allocating interest income or interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly 
discounts estimated future cash receipts or payments through the expected life of the financial asset or liability, or where 
appropriate, a shorter period. 
Equity instruments 
Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. 
The Hong Kong Companies Ordinance, Cap. 622 (the Ordinance), came into operation on 3 March 2014. Under the 
Ordinance, shares of the Company do not have a nominal value. Consideration received or receivable for the issue of shares 
on or after 3 March 2014 is credited to share capital. Commissions and expenses are allowed to be deducted from share 
capital under s. 148 and s. 149 of the Ordinance. 
Derecognition 
The Group derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to the future cash flows in relation to the financial asset 
expire or when the financial asset has been transferred and the transfer meets the criteria for derecognition in accordance 
with HKFRS 9. 
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the obligation specified in the relevant contract is discharged, cancelled or 
expires. 
Cash and cash equivalents 
For the purposes of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents includes cash on hand and at 
banks, deposits held at call with financial institutions, other short term, highly liquid investments with maturities of three 
months or less, that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes 
in value and bank overdrafts. 
For the purpose of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, movements in term deposits with maturity over three months 
are shown as cash flows from investing activities. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 66 
Inventories 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost comprises all direct materials, direct labour and an 
appropriate portion of variable and fixed overheads. Fixed overheads are allocated on the basis of normal operating capacity. 
Costs are assigned to inventories using the weighted average cost basis. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price 
in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated selling cost of completion and selling expenses. 
Property, plant and equipment 
Each class of property, plant and equipment is carried at cost less, where applicable, any accumulated depreciation and 
impairment losses. 
All other plant and equipment is stated at historical cost, including costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the 
location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management, less depreciation 
and any impairments. 
Freehold land is not depreciated. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of either the unexpired period 
of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. 
Depreciation on other assets is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset as follows: 
Class of Asset 
 
Leasehold buildings 
10-50 years 
Freehold land 
Indefinite 
Plant and equipment 
3-10 Years 
The assets' residual value and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period. 
Gains and losses on disposals are calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the asset's carrying 
amount and are included in profit or loss in the year that the item is de-recognised. 
The cost of fixed assets constructed within the Group includes the cost of materials, direct labour, borrowing costs (if any) 
and an appropriate proportion of fixed and variable overheads. 
Subsequent costs are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when 
it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be 
measured reliably. 
Additional costs incurred on impaired capital works in progress are expensed in profit or loss. 
Leases 
All leases (irrespective of whether they are operating leases or finance leases) are required to be capitalised in the 
consolidated statement of financial position as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, but accounting policy choices exist 
for an entity to choose not to capitalise (i) leases which are short-term leases and/or (ii) leases for which the underlying asset 
is of low-value. The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for which at the 
commencement date have a lease term of 12 months or less. The lease payments associated with those leases have been 
expensed on straight-line basis over the lease term. 
Right-of-use asset 
The right-of-use asset should be recognised at cost and would comprise: (i) the amount of the initial measurement of the 
lease liability; (ii) any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, less any lease incentives received; (iii) 
any initial direct costs incurred by the lessee and (iv) an estimate of costs to be incurred by the lessee in dismantling and 
moving the underlying asset to the condition required by the terms and conditions of the lease, unless those costs are 
incurred to produce inventories. Except for right-of-use asset that meets the definition of an investment property or a class 
of property, plant and equipment to which the Group applies the revaluation model, the Group measures the right-of-use 
assets applying the cost model. Under the cost model, the Group measures the right-of-use assets at cost, less any 
accumulated depreciation and any impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liability. Lease assets 
are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets, or where shorter, 
the term of the relevant lease. 
The following payments for the underlying right-of-use asset during the lease term that are not paid at the commencement 
date of the lease are considered to be lease payments: (i) fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable; (ii) variable  
lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as the commencement date; 
(iii) amounts expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees; (iv) the exercise price of a purchase 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 67 
option if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise that option and (v) payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if 
the lease term reflects the lessee exercising an option to terminate the lease. 
Intangibles 
Research and development costs 
Research costs are expensed as incurred. Development costs incurred on an individual project is capitalised if the product 
or service is technically feasible, adequate resources are available to complete the project, it is probable that future economic 
benefits will be generated and expenditure attributable to the project can be measured reliably. Expenditure capitalised 
comprises costs of services and direct labour. Other development costs are expensed when they are incurred. The carrying 
value of development costs is reviewed annually when the asset is not yet available for use, or when events or circumstances 
indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. 
Capitalised development costs are amortised over the periods the Group expects to benefit from selling the products 
developed. The amortisation expense is recognised in profit or loss. 
Exploration and Evaluation Expenditure 
Costs carried forward 
Costs arising from exploration and evaluation activities are carried forward provided that the rights to tenure of the area of 
interest are current and such costs are expected to be recouped through successful development, or by sale, or where 
exploration and evaluation activities have not, at reporting date, reached a stage to allow a reasonable assessment regarding 
the existence of economically recoverable reserves. Expenditure incurred is accumulated in respect of each identifiable area 
of interest. 
Water rights 
The Group has capitalised water rights. The water rights are amortised over the term of the right. The carrying value of water 
rights is reviewed annually or when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. 
Costs abandoned area 
Costs carried forward in respect of an area of interest that is abandoned are written off in the year in which the decision to 
abandon is made. 
Regular review 
A regular review is undertaken of each area of interest to determine the appropriateness of continuing to carry forward costs 
in relation to that area of interest. 
Costs of site restoration 
Costs of site restoration are to be provided once an obligation presents. Site restoration costs include the dismantling and 
removal of mining plant, equipment and building structures, waste removal and rehabilitation of the site in accordance with 
clauses of the mining permits. Such costs will be determined using estimates of future costs, current legal requirements and 
technology on a discounted basis. 
Impairment of non-financial assets 
At the end of each reporting period, the Group assesses whether there is any indication that individual assets are impaired. 
Where impairment indicators exist, recoverable amount is determined and impairment losses are recognised in the profit or 
loss where the asset's carrying value exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair 
value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purpose of assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are 
discounted to their present value using a pretax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money and the risks specific to the asset. 
Where it is not possible to estimate recoverable amount for an individual asset, recoverable amount is determined for the 
cash generating unit to which the asset belongs. 
Borrowing costs 
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of assets that necessarily take a substantial 
period of time to prepare for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets 
are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. 
All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 68 
Provisions 
Provisions for employee entitlements and relocation are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive 
obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that that an outflow of economic resources will be required to settle the 
obligation and the amount can be reliably estimated. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. 
Where the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash 
flows at a pretax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks 
specific to the liability. 
Employee benefit provisions 
Wages and salaries, annual leave and sick leave 
Liabilities for wages and salaries, including non-monetary benefits, annual leave and accumulating sick leave expected to 
be settled within 12 months of the end of the reporting period are recognised in respect of employees' services rendered up 
to the end of the reporting period and measured at amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled. Liabilities 
for non-accumulating sick leave are recognised when leave is taken and measured at the actual rates paid or payable. 
Liabilities for wages and salaries and annual leave are included as part of Other Payables. 
Bonus plan 
The Group recognises an expense and a liability for bonuses when the entity is contractually obliged to make such payments 
or where there is past practice that has created a constructive obligation. 
Retirement benefit obligations 
The Group contributes to employee superannuation funds in accordance with its statutory obligations. Contributions are 
recognised as expenses as they become payable. 
Share-based payments 
The Group may provide benefits to employees (including directors) of the Group in the form of share-based payment 
transactions, whereby employees render services in exchange for shares (equity settled transactions). Such equity settled 
transactions are at the discretion of the Nomination & Remuneration Committee. 
The fair value of options or rights granted is recognised as an employee benefit expense with a corresponding increase in 
equity (share-based payment reserve). The fair value is measured at grant date and recognised over the period during which 
the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options. Fair value is determined using a Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. In determining fair value, no account is taken of any performance conditions other than those related to the share 
price of Astron Corporation Limited (market conditions). The cumulative expense recognised between grant date and vesting 
date is adjusted to reflect the directors’ best estimate of the number of options or rights that will ultimately vest because of 
internal conditions of the options or rights, such as the employees having to remain with the Group until vesting date, or such 
that employees are required to meet internal KPI. No expense is recognised for options or rights that do not ultimately vest 
because internal conditions were not met. An expense is still recognised for options or rights that do not ultimately vest 
because a market condition was not met. 
Where the terms of options or rights are modified, the expense continues to be recognised from grant date to vesting date 
as if the terms had never been changed. In addition, at the date of the modification, a further expense is recognised for any 
increase in fair value of the transaction as a result of the change. 
Where options are cancelled, they are treated as if vesting occurred on cancellation and any unrecognised expenses are 
taken immediately to profit or loss. However, if new options are substituted for the cancelled options or rights and designated 
as a replacement on grant date, the combined impact of the cancellation and replacement are treated as if they were a 
modification. 
When shareholders’ approval is required for the issuance of options or rights, the expenses are recognised based on the 
grant-date fair value according to the management estimation. This estimate is re-assessed upon obtaining formal approval 
from shareholders. 
Where equity instruments are granted to persons other than employees, the consolidated statement of profit or loss and 
other comprehensive income is charged with the fair value of goods and services received. 
Dividends/Return of capital 
No dividends were paid or proposed for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023. There is no Dividend Reinvestment 
Plan in operation. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 69 
Segment reporting 
Segment revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities are those that are directly attributable to a segment and the relevant 
portion that can be allocated to the segment on a reasonable basis. Segment assets include all assets used by a segment 
and consist primarily of operating cash, receivables, inventories, property, plant and equipment and other intangible assets. 
Segment liabilities consist primarily of trade and other creditors, employee benefits and provisions. 
Earnings/Loss per share 
Basic earnings/losses per share 
Basic earnings/loss per share is calculated by dividing the profit/loss attributable to owners of the Company by the weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in ordinary shares 
during the year. 
Diluted earnings/losses per share 
Earnings/Losses used to calculate diluted earnings/losses per share are calculated by adjusting the basic earnings/losses 
by the after tax effect of dividends and interest associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares. The weighted average 
number of shares used is adjusted for the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on the 
conversion of all the dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares. 
Goods and Services Tax (GST)/Value Added Tax (VAT) 
Revenues, expenses are recognised net of GST/VAT except where GST/VAT incurred on a purchase of goods and services 
is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case the GST/VAT is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of 
the asset or as part of the expense item. 
Receivables and payables are stated with the amount of GST/VAT included. The net amount of GST/VAT recoverable from, 
or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the consolidated statement of financial 
position. 
Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST/VAT recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation 
authority. 
Government grant 
Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions 
attaching to them and that the grants will be received. Grants that compensate the Group for expenses incurred are 
recognised as income or deducted in the related expenses, as appropriate, in profit or loss on a systematic basis in the same 
periods in which the expenses are incurred. 
Grants that compensate the Group for the cost of an asset are recognised as deferred income in the consolidated statement 
of financial position and transferred to profit or loss on a systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related 
assets. 
Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving 
immediate financial support to the Group with no future related costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which 
they become receivable and are recognised as other income, rather than reducing the related expense. 
Adoption of HKFRS 
Adoption of new or revised HKFRSs - effective on 1 July 2023 
The HKICPA has issued a number of new or amended HKFRSs that are first effective for the current accounting period of 
the Group: 
HKFRS 17  
Insurance Contracts  
Amendments to HKAS 8 
Definition of Accounting Estimates 
Amendments to HKAS 12 
Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a 
Single Transaction  
Amendments to HKAS 12 
International Tax Reform – Pillar Two Model Rules 
None of these new or amended HKFRSs has material impact on the Group’s results and financial position for the current or 
prior period and/or accounting policies. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 70 
 
New or revised HKFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective 
The following new or revised HKFRSs, potentially relevant to the Group’s consolidated financial statements, have been 
issued, but are not yet effective and have not been early adopted by the Group. The Group’s current intention is to apply 
these changes on the date they become effective. 
Amendments to HKAS1 
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current1 
Amendments to HKAS 1 and HKFRS Practice 
Statement 2 
Disclosure of Accounting Policies1 
HK Interpretation 5 (2020) 
Presentation of Financial Statements – Classification by the 
Borrower of a Term Loan that Contains a Repayment on 
Demand Clause1 
Amendments to HKFRS 16 
Lease Liability in a Sale and Leaseback1 
Amendments to HKAS21 
Lack of Exchangeability2 
Amendments to HKRS9 and HKFR7  
Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments3 
HKRS 18 
Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements4 
HKRS 19 
Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures4 
1. 
Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024 
2. 
Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025 
3. 
Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026 
4. 
Effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027 
The directors anticipate that all of the relevant pronouncements will be adopted in the Group’s accounting policy for the first 
period beginning after the effective date of the pronouncement. The directors are currently assessing the possible impact of 
these new or revised standards on the Group’s results and financial position in the first year of application. The directors of 
the Company anticipate that the application of HKFRS 18 has no impact on the Group’s financial positions and performance 
in foreseeable future, but has impact on presentation of the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive 
income. All the other new or revised HKFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective are unlikely to have material 
impact on the Group’s results and financial position upon application. 
3. 
Critical accounting estimates and judgments 
In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and 
assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The 
estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be 
relevant. Actual results differ from these estimates. 
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are 
recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision 
and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 
Impairment assessment of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment (PPE) 
The Group assesses impairment at the end of each reporting period by evaluating conditions specific to the Group that may 
lead to impairment of intangible assets and PPE. Where an impairment trigger exists, the recoverable amount of the asset 
is determined. Fair value less costs to dispose and value in use calculations are performed in assessing recoverable amounts 
incorporate a number of key estimates and judgements. 
The Group has used a combination of independent and director valuations to support the carrying value of intangible assets 
while the Group also uses bankable feasibility status reports where these are available. The Group’s main intangible assets 
are its exploration and evaluation assets related to the Donald project located in Victoria, Australia and its development costs 
incurred on the Niafarang project in Senegal. The valuations use various assumptions to determine future cash flows based 
around risks including capital, geographical, markets, foreign exchange and mineral price fluctuations. 
All other assets have been assessed for impairment based on either their value in use or fair value less costs to sell. The 
impairment assessments inherently involve significant judgements and estimates to be made. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 71 
Capitalisation of exploration and evaluation assets 
The Group has continued to capitalise expenditure, incurred on the exploration and evaluation of the Donald project in 
Victoria, Australia in accordance with HKFRS 6. This has occurred because the technical feasibility and economic viability 
of extracting the mineral resources have not been completed and hence are not demonstrable at this time. The Group has 
assessed that the balances capitalised will be recoverable through the project’s successful development. 
Provision for expected credit losses of receivables 
The provision for impairment of receivables assessment requires a degree of estimation and judgement. The level of 
provision is assessed by taking into account the recent sales experience, the aging of receivables, historical collection rates 
and specific knowledge of the individual debtors’ financial position. The Group has an outstanding receivable for the disposal 
of surplus land in China from 2015, further details of which are set out in note 11. The Group is confident the balance of $0.9 
million due at year end (2023: $0.9 million). will be settled within the next twelve months after the reporting period. 
Income tax 
The Group is subject to income taxes in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Significant judgment is required in determining 
the provision for income tax. There are transactions and calculations undertaken during the ordinary course of business for 
which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognises tax receivables and liabilities based on the Group’s 
current understanding of the tax law. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the carrying amounts, 
such differences will impact the current and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made. 
Deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax assets have not been recognised for capital losses and revenue losses as the utilisation of these losses is not 
considered probable at this stage. 
Inventories 
Management estimates the net realisable values of inventories, taking into account the most reliable evidence available at 
each reporting date. The future realisation of these inventories may be affected by future technology or other market-driven 
changes that may reduce future selling prices. 
Going concern basis 
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, the validity of which depends upon 
the financing plan assessed as detailed in note 2 to these consolidated financial statements. However, because not all future 
events or conditions can be predicted, this assumption is not a guarantee as to the Group’s and Company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern. 
4. 
Segment information 
Description of segments 
The Group has adopted HKAS 8 Operating Segments from whereby segment information is presented using a 'management 
approach', i.e. segment information is provided on the same basis as information used for internal reporting purposes by the 
Managing Director/President (chief operating decision maker) who monitors the segment performance based on the segment 
net loss/profit before tax for the period. Operating segments have been determined on the basis of reports reviewed by the 
Managing Director/President who is considered to be the chief operating decision maker of the Group. The reportable 
segments are as follows: 
• 
Donald Rare Earths & Mineral Sands (DMS): Development of the DMS mine 
• 
China: Development and construction of mineral processing plant and mineral trading 
• 
Senegal: Development of the Niafarang mine 
• 
Other: Group treasury and head office activities 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 72 
Segment information provided to the managing director 
 
DMS 
China 
Senegal 
Other 
Consolidated 
30 June 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
A$ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sale of mineral products: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue from contracts with external 
customers 
- 
- 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
- 
- 
 
- 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
Other income: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest income 
392 
33 
- 
- 
- 
- 
682 
441 
1,074 
474 
Rent and other income 
(106,090) 
162,787 
1,000,800 
264,412 
- 
- 
612,612 
1,543,575 
1,507,322 
1,970,774 
Total revenue and other income 
(105,698) 
162,820 
13,217,720 
14,723,137 
- 
- 
613,294 
1,544,016 
13,725,316 
16,429,973 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment result 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment (loss)/profit before tax 
(282,219) 
(171,280) 
(20,306,115) 
(2,422,631) 
743,539 
42,077 
(3,280,279) 
(3,487,287) 
(23,125,074) 
(6,039,121) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisition of PPE, Intangible assets 
and other non-current segment assets 
11,554,636 
6,494,887 
112,559 
1,898,851 
- 
201,201 
212,432 
10,053 
11,879,627 
8,604,992 
Depreciation and amortisation 
39,779 
19,169 
1,611,583 
1,994,928 
- 
- 
75,767 
11,098 
1,727,129 
2,025,195 
Impairment of Niafarang project 
- 
- 
- 
- 
9,596,089 
- 
- 
- 
9,596,089 
- 
Provision for impairment of trade 
receivables 
- 
- 
1,180,395 
118,716 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,180,395 
118,716 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment assets 
99,332,119 
87,727,731 
23,199,786 
34,267,691 
225,065 
9,963,806 
2,246,095 
876,155 
125,003,066 
132,835,383 
Consolidated total assets 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
125,003,066 
132,835,383 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment liabilities 
4,158,790 
2,073,802 
1,040,026 
1,946,494 
791,234 
1,476,677 
3,508,002 
2,659,145 
9,498,052 
8,156,118 
Total borrowings 
3,221,201 
- 
12,174,139 
16,269,089 
- 
- 
(72,271) 
(72,271) 
15,323,069 
16,196,818 
Convertible notes 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
- 
- 
 
- 
- 
- 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
Lease liabilities 
86,640 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
146,612 
- 
233,253 
- 
Deferred tax liabilities 
- 
- 
 
- 
 
- 
15,161,890 
12,620,821 
15,161,890 
12,620,821 
Consolidated total liabilities 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44,838,537 
42,339,080 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 73 
Geographical information 
Although the Group is managed globally, it operates in the following main geographical areas: 
Hong Kong 
The Company was incorporated in Hong Kong. 
Australia 
The home country of Astron Pty Limited and one of the operating subsidiaries which performs evaluation and exploration 
activities. Interest and rental income is derived from Australian sources. 
China 
The home country of subsidiaries which operate in the mineral processing and product trading segment. 
Other 
The Group is focused on developing mineral sands opportunities, principally in Senegal with a view to integrating into the 
Chinese operations. 
 
Sales revenue 
Interest income 
Non-current assets 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Australia 
- 
- 
392 
33 
98,559,740 
87,501,478 
China 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
- 
- 
16,495,715 
19,857,806 
Other countries 
- 
- 
682 
441 
53 
9,737,806 
 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
1,074 
474 
115,055,508 
117,097,090 
During 2024, $11,208,183 or 91.7% (2022: $12,308,924 or 85.4%) of the revenue depended on seven (2023: six) customers. 
5. 
Revenue and other income 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Revenue from contracts with customers within the scope of HKFRS 15 
 
 
Timing of revenue recognition – at a point in time 
 
 
 
- 
sale of goods 
 
12,216,920 
14,458,725 
 
 
 
 
Interest income 
 
1,074 
474 
 
 
 
 
Other income: 
 
 
 
- 
property settlement 
 
292 
- 
- 
research and development tax incentive refund 
 
374,362 
1,543,575 
- 
rental income 
 
131,116 
162,787 
- 
profit on disposal of fixed assets 
 
628,397 
95,333 
- 
other income  
 
373,155 
169,079 
Total other income 
 
1,507,322 
1,970,774 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 74 
6. 
Loss before income tax expense 
Loss before income tax expense is arrived at after charging/crediting: 
Employee benefits1 (including directors’ remuneration): 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Salaries and fees 
 
1,897,035 
1,360,704 
Non-cash benefits 
 
208,207 
247,706 
Employee share option expenses 
27 
13,345 
285,522 
Superannuation 
 
230,682 
152,365 
 
 
2,349,269 
2,046,297 
Notes 
1. 
Employee benefits expense excludes an amount of $1,453,466 (2023: $858,867) which has been capitalised to the exploration and 
evaluation assets as part of the continuing development of the Donald Rare Earths and Mineral Sands Project. 
Other items 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Finance costs: 
 
 
 
- 
on borrowings  
 
674,076 
347,825 
- 
on convertible notes 
 
- 
743,051 
- 
debt advisory costs 
 
- 
53,478 
- 
lease liabilities 
 
24,785 
- 
- 
other finance costs 
 
30,710 
41,440 
 
 
729,571 
1,185,794 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortisation 
 
2,320,389 
2,618,455 
Less: capitalisation of water rights amortisation 
17 
(593,260) 
(593,260) 
 
 
1,727,129 
2,025,195 
 
 
 
 
Costs associated with Gambia litigation 
13 
- 
47,655 
Net impairment of Niafarang project 
16 
9,596,089 
- 
Write-off of sundry receivables and prepayments1 
 
1,014,155 
- 
Provision for impairment on receivables 
11 
164,260 
118,716 
Notes 
1. 
Sundry receivables and prepayments that were outstanding for an extended period have been deemed unrecoverable at 30 June 
2024. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 75 
7. 
Income tax expense 
The components of tax expense comprise: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Deferred taxation: 
 
 
 
- 
Unrealised inventory 
 
- 
(188,749) 
- 
Capitalisation of expenditure on DMS project (net) 
 
(2,549,354) 
(1,475,407) 
- 
Other movements 
 
8,284 
(27,715) 
Total 
 
(2,541,070) 
(1,691,871) 
The Company is subject to Australian Income Tax which is calculated at 25% (2023: 25%) of its estimated assessable profit. 
No Australian Income Tax has been provided in the financial statements as the Company did not derive any estimated 
assessable profit in Australia for the current and prior years. 
The prima facie tax on loss before income tax expense is reconciled to the income tax as follows: 
 
Consolidated 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Loss before income tax expense 
(22,324,614) 
(6,039,121) 
Prima facie tax benefit on loss at 25% (2023: 25%) 
 
 
- 
continuing operations 
5,581,154 
1,509,780 
 
 
 
Add/(Less) tax effect of: 
 
 
- 
Effect of revenue that is exempt from taxation 
45,736 
24,019 
- 
Effect of research and development tax incentive refund1 
93,590 
385,894 
- 
Effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit 
(2,634,819) 
(449,751) 
- 
Effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit – Gambia 
- 
(12,943) 
- 
Effect of unused tax losses not recognised as deferred tax assets in the current 
year 
(4,742,053) 
(2,837,452) 
- 
Effect of different tax rate of subsidiaries operating in other jurisdictions 
(884,678) 
(311,418) 
Income tax expense 
(2,541,070) 
(1,691,871) 
Notes 
1. 
Tax benefit relates to Australian Government Grant in relation to research & development tax incentives on eligible expenditure related 
to the DMS project. To the extent that research and development costs are eligible activities under the “Research and development 
tax incentive” programme, a 43.5% refundable tax offset is available for companies with annual turnover of less than $20 million. The 
Group recognises refundable tax offsets received in the financial year as a government grant in the statement of profit or loss or 
comprehensive income. 
Income tax rates 
Australia 
In accordance with the Australian Income Tax Act, Astron Pty Limited and its 100%-owned Australian subsidiaries have 
formed a tax consolidated group, tax funding or sharing agreements have been entered into. Australia has a double tax 
agreement with China and there are currently no impediments to repatriating profits from China to Australia. Dividends paid 
to Astron Pty Limited from Chinese subsidiaries are non-assessable under current Australian Income Tax Legislation. 
China (including Hong Kong) 
The Company is subject to Hong Kong tax law. Hong Kong profits tax had been provided for at the rate of 16.5% on the 
estimated assessable profits for the years ended 30 June 2023 and 2024. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 76 
The Group’s subsidiaries in China are subject to Chinese income tax laws. Chinese taxation obligations have been fully 
complied based on the regular tax audits performed by the Chinese tax authorities. The general RPC Corporate income tax 
rate was 25% in 2024 and 2023. 
According to applicable tax regulations prevailing in the PRC, dividends distributed by a company established in the Mainland 
of China to a foreign investor with respect to profit derived after 1 January 2008 are generally subject to a 10% withholding 
tax. If a foreign investor is incorporated in Hong Kong, under the double taxation arrangement between the Mainland of 
China and Hong Kong, the relevant withholding tax rate applicable to such foreign investor will be reduced from 10% to 5% 
subject to the fulfilment of certain conditions. 
Items not chargeable or not deductible for tax purposes 
Items not chargeable or deductible for tax purposes for the Group principally represent costs associated with the Gambian 
litigation and other costs incurred but not related to operations. 
8. 
Loss per share 
Reconciliation of loss used in the calculation of loss per share: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Loss attributable to owners 
 
(24,865,684) 
(7,730,992) 
Loss used to calculate basic and diluted loss per share 
 
(24,865,684) 
(7,730,992) 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year 
for the purpose of basic and diluted loss per share 
 
158,012,156 
129,279,930 
Dilutive shares 
For the purpose of calculating diluted loss per share for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 2023, no adjustment was made 
as the exercise of the outstanding share options and convertible notes has an anti-dilutive effect on the basic loss per share. 
9. 
Auditor’s remuneration 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Audit and review of financial statements 
 
 
 
BDO Limited 
 
302,566 
297,429 
10. Cash and cash equivalents 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Cash on hand 
 
29 
825 
Cash at bank 
 
2,745,770 
7,203,849 
 
 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
Cash on hand is non-interest bearing. Cash at bank comprise bank current account balances and short-term deposits at call 
bearing floating interest rates between 0.01% and 0.35% (2023: 0.0% and 1.2%). Deposits have an average maturity of 
90 days (2023: 90 days). 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 77 
Concentration of risk by geography – cash at bank 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Australia 
 
2,208,580 
863,104 
China 
 
534,292 
6,300,500 
Senegal 
 
2,926 
40,245 
 
 
2,745,798 
7,203,849 
Concentration of risk by bank 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Australia 
 
 
 
Commonwealth Bank - S&P rating of AA- (2023: AA-) 
 
1,912,666 
800,159 
Bendigo Bank – S&P rating A- (2023: BBB+) 
 
290,525 
62,945 
Other Australian banks 
 
5,389 
- 
 
 
2,208,580 
863,104 
China 
 
 
 
Shengjing Bank – unrated  
 
8 
644,418 
Shanghai Pudong Development Bank - S&P rating of BBB 
 
408,879 
3,515,010 
Bank of China – S&P Rating of A+ 
 
48,179 
- 
Bank of Communications Company Limited – S&P rating of A- 
 
- 
2,079,910 
Other banks 
 
77,226 
61,162 
 
 
534,292 
6,300,500 
Other countries 
 
 
 
Other banks 
 
2,926 
40,245 
Restrictions on cash 
The Chinese domiciled cash on hand may have some restriction on repatriation to Australia depending on basis on which 
the funds are transferred to Australia. Depending on the basis, there may be taxes (including withholding tax) of 13% (2023: 
13%) to be paid. 
Term deposits greater than 90 days 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Term deposits with maturity over 90 days 
 
139,209 
46,112 
As at 30 June 2024, term deposits with maturity over 90 days of $139,209 (2023: $46,112) bear fixed interest rates of 
between 1.2% and 4.55% (2023: 1.2% and 3.35%) and have a maturity of 3 to 12 months. 
Restrictions on cash 
As at 30 June 2024, the above term deposits with maturity over 90 days are provided as security over the Company’s 
Australian mining tenements and are required to be maintained as long as the tenement remains held by the Company. 
The short-term deposits include $45,000 (2023: $45,000) of cash backed by Bank Guarantees for the operations of the 
Donald project.  
During the year, the company held a term deposit of $48,097 as security in the form of a cash backed bank guarantee over 
the corporate head office premises. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 78 
Concentration of risk by geography – term deposits 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Australia 
 
139,209 
46,112 
Concentration of risk by bank – term deposits 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Australia 
 
 
 
Commonwealth Bank-S&P rating of AA- (2023: AA-) 
 
128,097 
35,000 
Other 
 
11,112 
11,112 
 
 
139,209 
46,112 
11. Trade and other receivables and prepayments 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Current assets: 
 
 
 
Trade receivables 
 
664,857 
106,266 
Provision for impairment of trade receivables 
 
(106,124) 
(39,058) 
Net trade receivables 
 
558,733 
67,208 
 
 
 
 
Land sale receivable  
 
1,042,906 
1,095,945 
Impairments 
 
(260,987) 
(164,392) 
Net land sale receivable 
 
781,919 
931,553 
 
 
 
 
Sundry receivables 
 
2,902,998 
2,577,001 
 
 
 
 
Prepayments 
 
1,883,086 
3,059,965 
Impairments 
 
(373,886) 
(374,384) 
Net prepayments 
 
1,509,200 
2,685,581 
Total trade and other receivables and prepayments 
 
5,752,850 
6,261,343 
Land sale receivable 
During the year ended 30 June 2014, the Group entered into an agreement to transfer 1,065,384m² of land held in Yingkou 
Province in China to a state-owned entity. As the under-development of this land resulted from a change of government 
development plans and restructure, this land transfer has been subsidised by the Chinese Government. Final contracts over 
the land sale have been exchanged and the disposal was brought to account in the year ended 30 June 2015. The net 
proceeds receivable amounted to $20,356,248. The land contract is unconditional, and payment is binding on the buyer 
being the Yingkou Government and its related entities, but the payments expected have been delayed. 
The receivable is currently outside the terms initially agreed. 
As at 30 June 2024, the total amount outstanding before ECL provision was $1,042,906 (2023: $1,095,945). During the year 
ended 30 June 2024 the Company received RMB250,000 ($52,771) in relation to the land sale receive (2023: Nil). The 
directors continue to believe this remaining balance will be recovered in full as it is owed by a Chinese government entity 
but estimate it will now be settled in 2024 or 2025. The provision has accordingly been determined on that basis and as such 
a further provision for expected credit loss of $98,032 (2023: $118,716) was recognised for the year ended 30 June 2024. 
As at 30 June 2024, the impairment provision for land sale receivable was $260,987 (2023: $164,392). 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 79 
Ageing analysis 
The ageing analysis of trade debtors, based on due dates, is as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
0-30 days (not past due) 
 
558,733 
67,208 
At the end of the reporting period, the Group’s trade debtors were predominantly receivable from Chinese trading partners. 
The Chinese debtors are regularly reviewed and, as is common practice in China, the terms may be extended to preserve 
client relationships. Where applicable, the Group has impaired significantly overdue receivables. 
Impairment on trade debtors 
At year end, the Group reviewed its trade debtors and brought to account impairment where required. 
As at 30 June 2024, the impairment provision for trade debtors was $106,124 (2023: $39,058). 
Prepayments 
At year end, the Group had made advances for property, plant and equipment purchases. 
Included in prepayments is an amount of RMB1,800,000 carried forward from 2008, equivalent to $373,886 (2023: $374,384) 
which is the prepayment for construction. This amount has been fully impaired due to low possibility of collection. 
12. Inventories 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Raw materials 
 
165,747 
317,132 
Semi-manufactured goods 
 
1,942,985 
1,605,693 
Finished goods 
 
- 
381,776 
Total inventories 
 
2,108,732 
2,304,601 
Less impairment of semi-manufactured goods 
 
(841,832) 
(86,756) 
 
 
1,266,900 
2,217,845 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, the Company raised a provision for net realisable value against certain work in progress 
inventory of $841,832 (2023: $86,756).  
13. Investments in Gambia 
Carnegie Minerals (Gambia) Limited is a 100% subsidiary of the Company. It was incorporated to commence mining activities 
in Gambia. The investments and receivables associated with the Company have been impaired in full. The original 
agreement prior to the seizure of the assets was that Astron Pty Limited had an obligation to fund the development and 
operating costs of the mine by way of loans. 
As announced to the ASX on 23 July 2015, the Group has received a successful finding in its favour. The Group and the 
Gambian government made submissions on damages to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes 
(ICSID). ICSID has determined the award including damages in favour of Astron. 
The determination was for US$18,658,358 in damages for breach of the mining licence, interest of US$993,683, arbitration 
costs of US$445,860 (minus any sums refunded to Astron by ICSID on its final accounting) and £2,250,000 for legal costs. 
In total this is approximately A$31 million (Award). 
On 2 December 2015, the Group notified the ASX that Gambia had submitted an application for annulment to ICSID, on the 
grounds of the constitution of the arbitral tribunal, and arguments about admissibility and jurisdiction. An application for 
annulment is the only form of action open to Gambia under the ICSID rules, as there is no form of appeal process. 
The ICSID panel of three arbitrators has confirmed that the Award should not be annulled in whole or in part in July 2020. 
The Group has been ordered to meet one half of the cost of the Committee being US$221,992 payable to Gambia and shall 
be offset against sums due under the Award. As of 30 June 2024, no assets arising from this matter were recognised. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 80 
When the Group receives a settlement, an additional contingent legal fee of £171,000 (equivalent to approximately 
A$307,000) is payable to the lawyers who assisted in this matter. 
For the year ended 30 June 2024, the Group incurred $nil (2023: $47,655) of costs in relation to entering into a litigation 
funding agreement with an international law firm to attempt to expedite the recovery of this award. The litigation funder has 
agreed to incur up to US$2 million in recovery against the award. 
14. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Equity securities 
 
 
 
- 
Listed in Australia 
 
2,800 
8,319 
- 
Units in Murtoa Housing Innovation Pty Ltd  
 
40,000 
- 
 
 
42,800 
8,319 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include listed equity investments in Australia. These financial assets 
comprise investments in the ordinary issued capital of three public companies listed on the ASX. The cost of these 
investments was $1,877,716. There are no fixed returns or fixed maturity date attached to these investments. 
For listed equity securities and preference shares, fair value is determined by reference to closing bid prices on the ASX. 
15. Subsidiaries 
 
Country of 
Percentage Owned 
 
incorporation 
30 Jun 2024 
30 Jun 2023 
Parent entity 
 
 
 
Astron Corporation Limited 
Hong Kong 
 
 
Subsidiaries of parent entity 
 
 
 
Astron Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
Astron Mineral Sands Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Co Ltd 
China 
100 
100 
Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Hong Kong Holdings Limited 
Hong Kong 
100 
100 
Carnegie Minerals (Gambia) Inc 
USA 
100 
100 
Carnegie Minerals (Gambia) Limited 
The Gambia 
100 
100 
Camden Sands Inc 
USA 
100 
100 
Coast Resources Limited 
Isle of Man 
100 
100 
Dickson & Johnson Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
Donald Mineral Sands Pty Ltd 
Australia 
100 
100 
Donald Project Pty Ltd (ii) 
Australia 
100 
- 
Sovereign Gold Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
WIM 150 Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
Astron Senegal Holding Pty Ltd 
Hong Kong 
100 
100 
Senegal Mineral Resources SA 
Senegal 
100 
100 
Senegal Mineral Sands Ltd 
Hong Kong 
100 
100 
Zirtanium Pty Limited 
Australia 
100 
100 
(i) The proportion of ownership interest is equal to the proportion of voting power held. 
(ii) Incorporated on 1 February 2024, as the joint venture entity for the development of the Donald project in conjunction with 
Energy Fuels Inc. 
Other than the above no other subsidiaries were acquired or disposed of during the year ended 30 June 2024. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 81 
16. Property, plant and equipment 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Land 
 
 
 
At cost 
 
5,222,151 
5,162,151 
Buildings  
 
 
 
At cost 
 
15,665,905 
11,355,515 
Less accumulated depreciation 
 
(5,490,953) 
(4,752,412) 
Net carrying value 
 
10,174,952 
6,603,103 
Capital works in progress 
 
 
 
At cost 
 
5,134,544 
5,137,423 
Less accumulated impairment losses 
 
(3,695,914) 
(3,700,834) 
Total capital works in progress 
 
1,438,630 
1,436,589 
Plant and equipment 
 
 
 
At cost 
 
12,646,099 
18,482,113 
Less accumulated depreciation  
 
(7,838,918) 
(7,089,951) 
Less accumulated impairment losses 
 
(1,760,155) 
(1,762,498) 
Net carrying value 
 
3,047,026 
9,629,664 
Total property, plant and equipment 
 
19,882,759 
22,831,507 
Assets pledged as security 
As at 30 June 2024, property, plant and equipment with carrying value of $8,867,544 (2023: $6,864,250) were pledged as 
security for short term loans (note 22). 
Capital works in progress 
Capital works in progress represent plant and equipment being assembled and/or constructed. They are not ready for use 
and not yet being depreciated. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 82 
Movements in net carrying values 
Movement in the carrying amount for each class of property, plant and equipment between the beginning and the end of the 
current financial year. 
 
Land 
A$ 
Buildings 
A$ 
Capital 
works in 
progress 
A$ 
Plant and 
equipment 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 July 2022 
5,162,151 
7,149,406 
711,850 
10,581,991 
23,605,398 
Additions 
- 
587,773 
780,128 
541,005 
1,908,906 
Disposals 
- 
(88,104) 
(6,614) 
(2,585) 
(97,303) 
Depreciation 
- 
(518,351) 
- 
(1,423,083) 
(1,941,434) 
Transfers1 
- 
(247,219) 
- 
247,219 
- 
Foreign exchange movements 
- 
(280,402) 
(48,775) 
(314,883) 
(644,060) 
Balance at 30 June 2023 
5,162,151 
6,603,103 
1,436,589 
9,629,664 
22,831,507 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions 
60,000 
9,296 
4,015 
121,328 
194,639 
Disposals 
- 
(114,805) 
- 
- 
(114,805) 
Depreciation 
- 
(635,929) 
- 
(943,585) 
(1,579,514) 
Transfers2 
- 
4,380,178 
- 
(4,380,178) 
- 
Impairment3  
- 
- 
- 
(1,466,746) 
(1,466,746) 
Foreign exchange movements 
- 
(66,891) 
(1,974) 
86,543 
17,678 
Balance at 30 June 2024 
5,222,151 
10,174,952 
1,438,630 
3,047,026 
19,882,759 
1. 
During the year ended 30 June 2023, following reconciliation of the fixed asset register to underlying source documents, depreciation 
previously classified as relating to buildings was discovered to be related to plant and equipment. As such, an amount of $247,219 
has been transferred between the two asset classifications at 30 June 2023. 
2. 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, following reconciliation of the fixed asset register to underlying source documents, assets with 
a book value of $4,380,178 previously classified as relating to plant and equipment were discovered to be related to buildings. As 
such, an amount of $4,380,178 has been transferred between the two asset classifications at 30 June 2024. 
3. 
Refer note 18. 
17. Exploration and evaluation assets 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Evaluation costs 
 
 
 
Cost 
17(a) 
7,794,648 
7,795,057 
Accumulated impairment loss 
17(a) 
(7,487,231) 
(7,487,231) 
 
 
307,417 
307,826 
Exploration expenditure capitalised - DMS project 
 
 
 
Exploration and evaluation phases 
17(b) 
83,307,428 
71,931,196 
 
 
 
 
Water rights - DMS project  
17(c) 
 
 
At Cost 
 
17,958,613 
17,958,613 
Less accumulated amortisation 
 
(8,200,699) 
(7,607,439) 
 
 
9,757,914 
10,351,174 
Total exploration and evaluation assets 
17(e) 
93,372,759 
82,590,196 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 83 
(a) 
Evaluation costs 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
TiO2 project 
 
 
 
Cost 
 
7,487,231 
7,487,231 
Less accumulated impairment losses 
 
(7,487,231) 
(7,487,231) 
 
 
- 
- 
 
 
 
 
Capitalised testing and design  
 
 
 
Cost 
 
307,417 
307,826 
Total evaluation costs  
 
307,417 
307,826 
(b) Exploration and evaluation expenditure 
This expenditure relates to the Group's investment in the Donald Rare Earths and Mineral Sands Project. As at 30 June 
2024, the Group has complied with the conditions of the granting of MIN5532, RL 2002, RL2003 and EL5186. As such, 
the directors believe that the tenements are in good standing with the Department of Energy, Environment and Climate 
Action (Earth Resources Regulator) in Victoria, who administers the Mineral Resources Development Act 1990. 
During the year, DMS submitted its Work Plan application to the Earth Resources Regulator within the Victorian 
Government Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action. The Work Plan is the primary regulatory approval 
outstanding prior to construction of Phase 1 of the Donald Project. Further, the Company also engaged Sedgman Pty 
Ltd to complete Early Contractor Involvement in order to finalise the process design basis, processing facility layout, 
engineering development and tendering of supply, pre-assembly and construction. The Company also undertook 
further sonic drilling for geotechnical and bulk density test work, progressed off-site infrastructure engineering and 
design for power, water and roads, and continued preparations for a Final Investment Decision. 
The recoverability of the carrying amount of the exploration and evaluation assets is dependent upon the successful 
development and commercial exploitation or alternatively sale of the area of interest. 
(c) 
Water rights 
In 2012, the Group acquired rights to the supply of water for the Donald project. The water rights are amortised over 
25 years (subject to the extension of this term) in line with entitlements. 
In July 2018, a “Deed of Variation” was signed between Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water Corporation (GWM Water) 
and Donald Mineral Sands Pty Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The variation provides for an extension 
of the term of the original agreement of up to four years subject to terms and conditions. The amortisation period of the 
water rights have accordingly been extended by four years to a total period of 29 years to December 2040. 
(d) Finite lives 
Intangible assets, other than goodwill have finite useful lives. To date, other than water rights, no amortisation has been 
charged in respect of intangible assets due to the stage of development for each project. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 84 
(e) 
Movement in net carrying values 
 
Evaluation 
costs 
A$ 
Exploration and 
evaluation 
phase 
A$ 
Water rights 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at 1 July 2022 
320,716 
65,436,309 
10,944,434 
76,701,459 
Additions1 
- 
6,494,887 
- 
6,494,887 
Amortisation 
- 
- 
(593,260) 
(593,260) 
Foreign exchange movements 
(12,890) 
- 
- 
(12,890) 
Balance at 30 June 2023 
307,826 
71,931,196 
10,351,174 
82,590,196 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions1 
- 
11,376,232 
- 
11,376,232 
Amortisation 
- 
- 
(593,260) 
(593,260) 
Foreign exchange movements 
(409) 
- 
- 
(409) 
Balance at 30 June 2024 
307,417 
83,307,428 
9,757,914 
93,372,759 
1. Additions of exploration and evaluation phase during the year included the amortisation of water rights of $593,260 (2023: 
$593,260) which was capitalised during the year. 
18. Development costs 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Balance at 1 July 
 
8,901,965 
8,374,798 
Additions 
 
- 
201,201 
Impairment  
 
(8,929,803) 
- 
Foreign exchange movements 
 
27,838 
325,966 
Balance at 30 June 
 
- 
8,901,965 
Astron Corporation Limited’s (ASX: ATR) subsidiary in Senegal, Senegal Mineral Resources SA (SMR), had its small mining 
licence, issued under Order Number 09042/MIM/TMG, renewed for five years in April 2023. 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, The Ministry of Mines and Geology in Senegal (Ministry) issued an order purporting 
to withdraw the authorisation granted to SMR to operate the small mining licence. 
The Company is of the view that the order issued by the Ministry is invalid on the basis that it does not comply with the 
procedures set out in the Mining Code of Senegal, as the requisite procedures (including certain requirements for formal 
notices) were not followed. Further, the basis of the withdrawal is in SMR’s view is also invalid as one of the bases of the 
purported withdrawal is that the temporary resettlement of a small, localised population to allow mining activities to 
commence has not occurred. Under the mining code, resettlement, which has not occurred, depends on actions to be taken 
by the local and provincial officials in Senegal rather than by the holder of the licence. 
SMR has commenced a mediation process under which an independent mediator was appointed to seek resolution with the 
Ministry. The independent mediator met with both the parties individually and also facilitated a joint meeting of the parties. 
This is a mandatory process and, under the mediation process in Senegal, the mediator will make a decision based on his 
or her findings. This decision is subject to a right of appeal by either party under a more formal arbitration process. 
The mediation process has been delayed due to presidential elections in Senegal and the consequential change in 
government that occurred following this election. The Company has enjoyed cordial dialogue with the new government in 
order to avoid the mediation process however there has been minimal progress. 
The cost of, and involvement of Astron’s Australian personnel in, the mediation process is minimal. 
Astron and SMR will work with the independent mediator and the Ministry to address this issue, as SMR believes the order 
and the process followed by the Ministry was erroneous and flawed. Astron will provide further updates once the mediation 
process has been completed, however the current intention is to seek to have the Ministry’s order withdrawn. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 85 
Despite the Company’s views in relation to the validity of the Ministry’s notice of withdrawal, the uncertainty of the mediation 
outcome, potential additional time needed if the right of appeal is enforced and whether the final mediation outcome will be 
recognised and enforced by the Ministry has led the Company to expect the recoverable amount (based on its value in use) 
of Niafarang Project assets to be nil at reporting date. Accordingly, the Company has recognised an impairment of 
$8,929,804 against development costs and a further $1,466,746 against property, plant and equipment (see note 16) relating 
to the Niafarang Project. 
19. Right-of-use assets 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Balance at 1 July 
 
2,773,422 
2,974,558 
Additions 
 
308,756 
- 
Disposals 
 
(1,150,306) 
- 
Amortisation 
 
(147,615) 
(83,761) 
Foreign exchange movements 
 
15,733 
(117,375) 
Balance at 30 June 
 
1,799,990 
2,773,422 
Right-of-use assets represented by: 
 
 
Leased 
Premises 
A$ 
Land Use 
Rights 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
Balance at 1 July 2022 
 
- 
2,974,558 
2,974,558 
Amortisation 
 
- 
(83,761) 
(83,761) 
Foreign exchange movements 
 
- 
(117,375) 
(117,375) 
Balance at 1 July 2023 
 
- 
2,773,422 
2,773,422 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions 
 
308,756 
- 
308,756 
Disposals 
 
- 
(1,150,306) 
(1,150,306) 
Amortisation 
 
(81,940) 
(65,675) 
(147,615) 
Foreign exchange movements 
 
- 
15,733 
15,733 
Balance at 30 June 2024 
 
226,817 
1,573,174 
1,799,990 
During the year the Group entered into a three-and five-year commercial lease of its corporate head office and its office 
premises for use in its operations in Minyip respectively. 
During the year ended 30 June 2014, management entered into an agreement to transfer 1,065,384m² of land held in 
Yingkou province China to a state-owned entity, representing approximately 83% of the total land held by the Group in 
Yingkou province. As the under-development of this land resulted from a change of government development plan and 
restructure, this land transfer has been subsidised by the Chinese Government. Final contracts over the land sale were 
exchanged and the disposal was brought to account in the year ended 30 June 2015. The net proceeds amounting to 
$20,356,248 were to be received in instalments. Further details of this land sale receivable are set out in note 11. The 
remaining 17% of the land, representing 214,802m² is shown as Right-of-Use Asset. 
In addition to the land referred to above, the Group also owns a nearby piece of land measuring approximately 18,302m² 
located at Bayuquan District, Yingkou Province, China. Both pieces of land are held on long term leases with lease terms 
ranging from 48 to 54 years. During the year, the Company negotiated the partial return of land with a book value of RMB5.5 
million to the Bayuquan Government as part of rationalising its land assets in the Yingkou province. As such, the Company 
received proceeds of RMB7.6 million in early July 2024 as consideration for the return of the land. 
As at 30 June 2024, right-of-use assets with carrying value of $1,555,121, (2023: $1,499,620) are pledged as security over 
short- term loans (note 22).

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 86 
20. Trade and other payables 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Unsecured liabilities 
 
 
 
Trade payables 
 
6,052,969 
3,617,909 
Deposits received in advance 
 
95,432 
14,923 
Other payables1 
 
3,100,020 
2,945,169 
 
 
9,248,421 
6,578,001 
Notes 
1. 
Included in other payables was a balance of $2,027,065 (2023: $1,964,565) in aggregate due to a related company as detailed in 
note 31. 
21. Contract liabilities 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Contract liabilities arising from: 
 
 
 
Advance deposit for future provision of goods1 
 
98,508 
656,001 
Notes 
1. 
Sale of goods 
Contract liabilities are amounts received by the Group as advances in relation to the sale of mineral products which are expected to 
be recognised as revenue in the next 12 months. 
22. Borrowings 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Current 
 
 
 
Other short-term borrowings1- 
 
473,038 
2,782,564 
Bank borrowings3 
 
5,608,292 
5,823,748 
Advances from directors4 
 
2,810,026 
6,021,428 
 
 
8,891,356 
14,627,740 
Non-current 
 
 
 
Other long-term borrowings1 
 
1,444,939 
633,118 
Loan payable to EFR Donald Ltd2  
 
3,221,201 
- 
Bank borrowings3 
 
1,765,573 
935,960 
 
 
6,431,713 
1,569,078 
Notes 
1. 
Other short and long-term borrowings are Chinese subsidiary loans including: 
a) 
amounts of $367,615 and $449,475 (2023: 673,580 and $641,392), denominated in RMB, which are interest bearing at 4.2% 
- 4.6%, repayable in October 2025 and Apr 2027 respectively and secured against right of use assets which are in use by 
Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Limited but remain the property of the lessor; 
b) 
an amount of $1,100,887 (2023: $1,102,353) which is interest bearing at 8.0% p.a. (2023: 10.0%), repayable in March 2026 
and secured by certain fixed assets in China amounting to $2,436,953 (2023: $1,499,620 (Note 19 and 16)) 
c) 
amounts of $NIL (2023: $998,357), denominated in RMB which were interest bearing at 1.0% to 7.5%, unsecured and repaid 
during the year.  

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 87 
2. 
Loans payable to EFR Donald Ltd 
Pursuant to the terms of the joint venture agreement executed with EFR Donald Ltd, a subsidiary of Energy Fuels Inc, on 4 June 2024, 
Energy Fuels immediately assumed responsibility for funding 100% of Donald Project expenditure by way of an interest free loan to 
the joint venture company. The loan will be converted to equity in the joint venture, as part of Energy Fuels’ $183 million project 
development contribution, on satisfaction of the Conditions Precedent. 
In the event that Conditions Precedent are not satisfied, the Company has an interest free period of three years in which to repay any 
amounts funded by Energy Fuels during the pre-completion period. 
3. 
Bank borrowings 
The bank loans are Chinese subsidiary loans denominated in RMB, interest bearing between 3.45% to 5.0% p.a. (2023: 4.5% to 5.50%) 
and have the following maturity profile: 
a) 
September 2024 - $2,077,145 ; 
b) 
November 2024 - $2,077,145; 
c) 
March 2025 - $1,454,002;  
d) 
March 2026 - $207,715; and 
e) 
March 2027 - $1,557,858. 
These loans are pledged with fixed assets amounting to $10,422,665 (2023: $6,864,250) (note 16 and note 19) of the Group, and 
personal guarantees from directors of $7,373,865 (2023: $6,759,708). 
The loan agreements have been entered into by Astron’s operating subsidiary and the Company does not provide any guarantees 
over the borrowings. 
4. 
Advances from directors 
At 30 June 2024, executive directors Mdm Kang Rong and Mr. Tiger Brown had advanced the Group $2,810,026 (2023: $6,021,428) 
and Nil) respectively for working capital. The loans are provided interest free and repayable on demand. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 88 
23. Convertible notes 
In March 2022, Astron issued Convertible Notes (the Notes) to raise the principal amount of $5,000,000 and incurred 
$1,000,000 to pay interest on the Notes. The Notes have a term of two years and are convertible into ordinary shares of the 
Company at A$0.54 per share (representing a 24% premium over the trailing 60-day VWAP). The Notes carry a 10% p.a. 
coupon payable up front in the form of 10,000 additional notes (equivalent to $1 million) with the full amount capitalised to 
the loan balance. On 17 March 2024, the maturity date of the Notes were extended for a further two years to 17 March 2026. 
The Notes are secured by the 100% owned subsidiary, Donald Mineral Sands Pty Ltd, providing a first ranking general 
security agreement, guarantee and registered mortgage over real property held. 
The movements of the liability component and conversion option component of the Notes during the year ended 30 June 
2024 are as follows: 
 
Note 
Liability 
component 
 of the Notes 
A$ 
Conversion 
option 
component 
of the Notes 
A$ 
Total 
A$ 
At 1 July 2022 
 
4,622,272 
546,818 
5,169,090 
Effective interest expenses recognised to profit or 
loss 
 
743,051 
- 
743,051 
At 30 June 2023 
 
5,365,323 
546,818 
5,912,141 
 
 
 
 
 
Effective interest expenses recognised to profit or 
loss 
 
803,768 
- 
803,768 
Conversion of 10,000 notes into ordinary shares at 
$0.54 per share 
26 
(1,000,000) 
(91,136) 
(1,091,136) 
Extension of notes – 50,000  
 
(546,818) 
546,818 
- 
At 30 June 2024 
 
4,622,273 
1,002,500 
5,624,773 
 
 
 
 
 
Categorised as – current portion: 
 
 
 
 
At 30 June 2023 
 
5,365,323 
- 
5,365,323 
At 30 June 2024 
 
4,622,273 
- 
4,622,273 
On 31 July 2024, the Company announced that all the convertible notes on issue had been converted into ordinary shares 
in the Company through the issue of 11,500,000 ordinary shares (including 11,111,111 shares relating to $5,000,000 in 
principal notes and $1,000,000 in interest notes and 388,889 ordinary shares as an early conversion fee). The ordinary 
shares issued to the convertible note holder are subject to a voluntary escrow period of twelve months from issue. 
24. Provisions 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Current 
 
 
 
Employee entitlements 
 
151,123 
126,666 
 
 
 
 
Non-current 
 
 
 
Relocation provision1 
 
- 
795,450 
1. 
The provision for relocation represents the estimated costs to relocate and compensate landowners for the Senegal mineral sands 
project. 
Following the impairment of development assets relating to the Niafarang Project in Senegal, the Company de-recognised the 
relocation provision. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 89 
25. Deferred tax 
Liabilities 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Deferred tax liability 
 
 
 
Deferred tax liability arises from the following: 
 
 
 
- 
Capitalised expenditure 
 
15,238,098 
12,689,744 
- 
Provisions and other timing differences 
 
(77,208) 
(68,923) 
 
 
15,161,890 
12,620,821 
Deferred tax assets not brought to account 
Deferred tax assets are not brought to account as benefits will only be realised if the conditions for deductibility set out in 
note 2 occur. 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Tax losses: 
 
 
 
- 
Revenue losses (China) 
 
11,569,525 
9,328,686 
- 
Revenue losses (Australia) 
 
7,704,570 
5,315,057 
- 
Capital losses 
 
12,206,357 
12,694,612 
26. Issued capital 
 
Consolidated 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
30 Jun 2024 
No. 
30 Jun 2023 
No. 
Fully paid ordinary shares 
 
 
 
 
At beginning of the year 
89,233,205 
76,549,865 
146,544,643 
122,479,784 
Shares issued on: 
 
 
 
 
– 21 October 2022 
- 
2,585,003 
- 
4,787,042 
– 18 November 2022 
- 
776,300 
- 
1,437,632 
– 19 December 2022 
- 
2,415,000 
- 
4,472,223 
– 17 February 2023 
- 
218,700 
- 
405,000 
– 13 June 2023 
- 
3,500,000 
- 
6,481,481 
– 30 June 2023 
- 
3,500,000 
- 
6,481,481 
– 27 September 2023 
47,724 
- 
99,425 
- 
– 12 October 2023 
1,680,000 
- 
3,000,000 
- 
– 22 November 2023 
4,000,000 
- 
7,142,857 
- 
– 24 January 2024 
3,000,000 
- 
5,357,143 
- 
– 17 March 2024 convertible note conversion 
(Note 23) 
1,091,136 
- 
1,851,852 
- 
– 21 March 2024 
4,000,000 
- 
7,142,857 
- 
Share issue costs – cash 
(66,517) 
(172,501) 
- 
- 
Non-cash share issue costs (note 27) 
- 
(139,162) 
- 
- 
At the end of the year 
102,985,548 
89,233,205 
171,138,777 
146,544,643 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 90 
Ordinary shares 
Ordinary shares participate in dividends and the proceeds on winding up of the parent entity in proportion to the number of 
shares held. 
At the shareholders meetings, each ordinary share is entitled to one vote when a poll is called; otherwise each shareholder 
has one vote on a show of hands. 
Capital risk management 
The Group considers its capital to comprise its ordinary share capital, reserves, accumulated losses and net debt. 
In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to ensure its continued ability to provide a consistent return for its 
equity shareholders through a combination of capital growth and dividends. In order to achieve this objective, the Group has 
made decisions to adjust its capital structure to achieve these aims, either through altering its dividend policy, new share 
issues, or share buy backs, the Group considers not only its short-term position but also its long term operational and 
strategic objectives. 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Borrowings (including convertible notes) 
 
19,945,342 
21,562,141 
Total equity 
 
80,164,529 
90,496,303 
 
 
 
 
Net debt to equity ratio 
 
24.88% 
23.86% 
There have been no significant changes to the Group’s capital management objectives, policies and processes in the year 
nor has there been any change in what the Group considers to be its capital. 
27. Share based payments 
Employee Share Option Plan 
The Company operates the Employee Share Option Plan (the ESOP) for the purpose of providing incentives and rewards 
to Eligible Participants for their contribution to the Group and/or to enable the Group to recruit and retain high-calibre 
employees and attract valuable human resources to the Group. The ESOP is to extend to directors, employees, contractors 
or prospective participants who meet that criteria on appointment (Eligible Participant) (or the Eligible Associate of such 
person) of the Company or an associated body corporate of the Company as the Board may in its discretion determine. 
The maximum aggregate number of the options issued under the ESOP shall not at any time exceed 5% of the Company's 
total issued shares (being up to 8,556,939 (2023: 7,327,232) options based on the number of issued shares outstanding at 
30 June 2024). The exercise price of an Option is to be determined by the Board at its sole discretion. 
The exercise period commences on the Option Commencement Date and ends on the earlier of: 
• 
the expiration of such period nominated by the Board at its sole discretion at the time of the grant of the Option but being 
not less than two years; 
• 
an associated body corporate ceases because of an Uncontrollable Event, the earlier of: 
a. 
the expiry of the Option Period; or 
b. 
six months (or such other period as the Board shall, in its absolute discretion, determine) from the date on which 
the Eligible Participant ceased that employment or engagement; 
• 
an associated body corporate ceases because of a Controllable Event, the earlier of: 
a. 
the expiry of the Option Period; or 
b. 
six months (or such other period as the Board shall, in its absolute discretion, determine) from the date on which 
the Eligible Participant ceased that employment or engagement; 
• 
the Eligible Participant ceasing to be employed or engaged by the Company or an associated body corporate of the 
Company due to fraud, dishonesty or being in material breach of their obligations to the Company or an associated body 
corporate. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 91 
The Company had the following share-based payment arrangements issued under the ESOP in existence during the current 
and prior periods: 
 
Grant date 
Expiry date 
Exercise 
price 
Number of options  
on issue 
 
Date 
Date 
A$ 
30 Jun 24 
30 Jun 23 
ATRAA1 
30 Nov 2021 
30 Nov 2024 
0.3375 
800,000 
800,000 
ATRAB1 
30 Nov 2021 
30 Nov 2024 
0.7200 
800,000 
800,000 
ATRAC 
13 Dec 2021 
13 Dec 2024 
0.6300 
1,450,000 
2,100,000 
ATRAD 
22 Nov 2022 
22 Nov 2025 
0.7725 
800,000 
800,000 
ATRAE 
1 Oct 2022 
1 Oct 2025 
0.9000 
600,000 
600,000 
 
 
 
 
4,450,000 
5,100,000 
1. 
Issues ATRAA and ATRAB were agreed via separate director resolutions on 23 February 2021 (based on the share price at this date 
of $0.225) and 20 July 2021 (based on the share price at this date of $0.48) respectively. However, these issues were subject to 
shareholder approval and thus the grant date is taken to be the date of shareholder approval being on 30 November 2021.  
Vesting Conditions 
There are no vesting conditions for issues ATRAA, ATRAB and ATRAD. All options issued under these tranches are free to 
be exercised from the date of issue.  
The following vesting conditions are in place for tranche ATRAC: 
• 
300,000 options – no vesting conditions 
• 
1,800,000 options – 50% of options vest on issue, with a further 25% on the first and second anniversary of the issue 
date respectively, contingent on remaining employed. Unvested options lapse on cessation of employment. 
The following vesting conditions are in place for tranche ATRAE: 
• 
300,000 options – no vesting conditions 
• 
300,000 options – 50% of options vest on issue, with a further 25% on the first and second anniversary of the issue date 
respectively, contingent on remaining employed. Unvested options lapse on cessation of employment. 
Movement in the number of options issued under the ESOP 
 
Total number of 
ESOP options 
outstanding 
Weighted 
average exercise 
price 
 
No. 
A$ 
Balance at 1 July 2022 
3,700,000 
0.5862 
Options granted under the employee share option plan 
1,400,000 
0.8271 
Balance at 30 June 2023 
5,100,000 
0.6524 
 
 
 
Options expired under the employee share option plan 
(650,000) 
- 
Balance at 30 June 2024 
4,450,000 
0.6524 
No share options were exercised during the years ended 30 June 2023 and 2024. 
As at 30 June 2024, there were no further key executives that had any rights to acquire shares in terms of a share-based 
payment scheme for employee remuneration.  
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 92 
Fair value of options issued under the ESOP 
The fair value of the options granted was using Black Scholes Option Pricing Model that takes into account the following 
inputs on the grant date: 
 
ATRAA1 
ATRAB1 
ATRAC 
ATRAD 
ATRAE 
Grant date 
30 Nov 2021 
30 Nov 2021 
13 Dec 2021 
22 Nov 2022 
1 Oct 2022 
Share price at grant date 
0.3000 
0.3000 
0.4200 
0.5950 
0.6000 
Fair value 
0.2866 
0.2127 
0.2261 
0.2561 
0.2357 
Valuation date 
30 Nov 2021 
30 Nov 2021 
13 Dec 2021 
22 Nov 2022 
1 Oct 2022 
Expiry date 
30 Nov 2024 
30 Nov 2024 
13 Dec 2024 
22 Nov 2025 
1 Oct 2025 
Exercise price 
0.3375 
0.7200 
0.6300 
0.7725 
0.9000 
Volatility2 
90.23% 
90.23% 
90.23% 
77.23% 
77.23% 
Dividend yield 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
0.0% 
Risk free interest rate 
1.67% 
1.67% 
1.67% 
3.04% 
3.04% 
Total life of options 
3 years 
3 years 
3 years 
3 years 
3 years 
1. 
Issues ATRAA and ATRAB were agreed via separate director resolutions on 23 February 2021 (based on the share price at this date 
of $0.225) and 20 July 2021 (based on the share price at this date of $0.48) respectively. However, these issues were subject to 
shareholder approval and thus the grant date is taken to be the date of shareholder approval being on 30 November 2021.  
2. 
Expected volatility (determined based on a statistical analysis of historical daily share prices over the same period as the life of the 
options), early exercise behaviour and expected life of share options are determined based on market research data and historical 
data respectively and may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 
The fair value of options issued under the ESOP at grant date is as follows: 
 
ATRAA 
ATRAB 
ATRAC 
ATRAD 
ATRAE 
Number of options 
800,000 
800,000 
2,100,000 
800,000 
600,000 
Fair value of options issued at grant date 
0.2866 
0.2127 
0.2261 
0.2561 
0.2357 
Total fair value of options at grant date 
229,308 
170,188 
474,906 
204,906 
141,443 
Share-based payment expense 
The following table outlines the share-based payment expense recognised in the profit or loss for each tranche of options 
issued under the ESOP: 
 
Consolidated 
 
30 June 2024 
A$ 
30 June 2023 
A$ 
Unlisted options 
 
 
ATRAC1 
- 
(45,229) 
ATRAD 
- 
204,906 
ATRAE 
13,345 
125,845 
 
13,345 
285,522 
3. 
An offer for the issue of 200,000 options under the ESOP to a consultant was declined during the year ended 30 June 2022. However, 
the share-based payment expense relating to these options was recognised during the year ended 30 June 2022. As such, an 
adjustment to share-based payments expense has been recognised during the year ended 30 June 2023 in order to reflect the fact 
that these options were never issued and therefore the Company has not incurred any expense in relation to these options. 
The fair value of the share options granted during the year ended 30 June 2024 was $13,345 (30 June 2023: $285,522) 
(note 2) which had been recognised as employee share option expense with the corresponding balance credited to the 
share-based payment reserve. 
A share-based payment of $913,104 was recognised in 2017 after certain milestones with respect to the Senegal project 
were achieved by a project consultant. This represents a 3% equity interest in the project, calculated by reference to the 
Senegal project’s fair value and to be satisfied by the issue of shares in a Senegalese subsidiary.  
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 93 
Broker options 
Pursuant to the completion of the private placement announced by the Company on 17 October 2022, 600,000 options 
exercisable at $0.81 expiring on 18 October 2025 were issued to Blue Ocean Equities nominee company L39 Pty Ltd in 
accordance with the lead manager agreement executed by the Company on 15 September 2022. These options vest 
immediately. 
The details of these options are outlined below: 
 
 
Grant 
Vesting 
Expiry 
Exercise 
price 
Number of 
options on 
issue 
Number of 
options on 
issue 
 
Date 
Date 
Date 
A$ 30 Jun 2024 
30 Jun 2023 
ATRAO 
18 Oct 2022 
18 Oct 2022 
18 Oct 2025 
0.81 
600,000 
600,000 
Movement in the number of broker options  
 
Total number of 
ESOP options 
outstanding 
Weighted  
average  
exercise price 
 
No. 
A$ 
 
 
 
Options granted to broker under lead manager agreement 
600,000 
0.81 
Balance at 30 June 2024 and 2023 
600,000 
0.81 
No broker options were exercised during the year ended 30 June 2024 (2023:Nil). 
Fair value of options issued to brokers 
The fair value of the options granted was estimated using Black Scholes Option Pricing Model, which approximates the fair 
value of the services received, takes into account the following inputs on the grant date:  
 
ATRAO 
Grant date 
18 Oct 2022 
Share price at grant date 
0.5700 
Fair value 
0.2319 
Valuation date 
18 Oct 2022 
Expiry date 
18 Oct 2025 
Exercise price 
0.8100 
Volatility1 
77.23% 
Dividend yield 
0.0% 
Risk free interest rate 
3.04% 
Total life of options 
3 years 
1. 
Expected volatility, determined based on a statistical analysis of historical daily share prices over the same period as the life of the 
options, and early exercise behaviour and expected life of share options, determined based on the market research data and historical 
data respectively, may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 
The fair value of options issued to brokers at grant date is as follows: 
 
ATRAO 
Number of options 
600,000 
Fair value of options issued at grant date 
0.2319 
Total fair value of options at grant date 
139,162 
 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 94 
Share-based payment expense – share issue costs 
The following table outlines the share-based payment expense recognised as a reduction in share capital for each tranche 
of options issued to brokers: 
 
Consolidated 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Unlisted options 
 
 
ATRAO 
- 
139,162 
The fair value of the share options granted during the year ended 30 June 2024 was $NIL (30 June 2023: $139,162). Share-
based payments expenses relating to broker options were recognised directly in equity as a reduction in the value of issued 
capital at the date relevant shares are issued (or over the vesting period in the event vesting conditions are applicable) (note 
26). 
28. Reserves 
 
Consolidated 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
14,140,946 
13,828,406 
Share-based payment reserve 
2,270,764 
2,257,419 
Convertible notes equity reserve 
1,002,500 
546,818 
Capital reserves 
1,450,005 
1,450,005 
 
18,864,215 
18,082,648 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
The foreign currency translation reserve records exchange differences arising on translation of foreign controlled 
subsidiaries. The reserve balance at 30 June 2024 was $14,140,946 (2023: $13,828,407). 
Share based payment reserve 
The share-based payment reserve records the amount of expense raised in terms of equity-settled share-based payment 
transactions. The reserve balance at 30 June 2024 was $2,270,764 (2023: $2,257,419). 
Convertible notes equity reserve 
The convertible notes equity reserve records the carrying value of equity component of unconverted convertible notes issued 
by the Company. The reserve balance at 30 June 2024 was $1,002,500 (2023: $546,818). 
Capital reserves 
Since at least 1 July 2014, the Company had entered into an unwritten informal agreement with Firback Finance Ltd (Firback) 
under which the services of Mr. Alex Brown, the former President, Managing Director and major shareholder of the Company 
until his death on 30 November 2019, was supplied to the Company (the Firback Contract). Under the terms of the Firback 
Contract, an accumulated amount of $1,450,005 was outstanding and due to Firback. Firback has since been wound up and 
no longer exists. It was further noted that prior to being wound up, Firback had not made any demand for payment of the 
balance outstanding, nor given notice of assignment of the outstanding amount to the Company so the Company considered 
the Firback contract expired during the year ended 30 June 2021. The amount owing to Firback was accordingly transferred 
to capital reserve during the year ended 30 June 2021. The reserve balance at 30 June 2024 was $1,450,005 (2023: 
$1,450,005). 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 95 
29. Holding company statement of financial position 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
ASSETS 
 
 
 
Current assets 
 
 
 
Amounts due from a subsidiary 
 
40,904,790 
26,879,295 
Total current assets 
 
40,904,790 
26,879,295 
 
 
 
 
Non-current assets 
 
 
 
Investment in subsidiary 
 
76,549,866 
76,549,866 
Total non-current assets 
 
76,549,866 
76,549,866 
TOTAL ASSETS 
 
117,454,656 
103,429,161 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES 
 
 
 
Current liabilities 
 
 
 
Accruals and other payables 
 
178,879 
175,743 
Convertible notes 
23 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
Total current liabilities 
 
4,801,152 
5,541,066 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 
 
4,801,152 
5,541,066 
NET ASSETS 
 
112,653,504 
97,888,095 
 
 
 
 
EQUITY 
 
 
 
Issued capital 
26 
102,985,548 
89,233,205 
Reserves 
 
3,306,299 
2,854,567 
Retained earnings 
 
6,361,657 
5,800,323 
TOTAL EQUITY 
 
112,653,504 
97,888,095 
 
 
 
 
Mr Tiger Brown 
 
Mr George Lloyd 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 96 
30. Dividends 
There were no dividends paid, recommended or declared during the current and previous financial year. 
31. Related party transactions 
Parent entity 
Astron Corporation Limited is the parent entity of the Group. 
Subsidiaries 
Interests in subsidiaries are disclosed in note 15. 
Transactions with key management personnel 
Key management of the Group are the executive members of the board of directors. Key Management Personnel 
remuneration includes the following expenses: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Short term employee benefits:  
 
 
 
- 
Salaries and fees 
 
1,536,115 
1,570,641 
- 
Short-term incentive payments 
 
309,332 
- 
- 
Share-based payment expenses 
 
13,345 
330,751 
- 
Non-cash benefits 
 
17,991 
25,027 
Total short-term employee benefits 
 
1,876,783 
1,926,419 
Post-employment benefits 
 
 
 
- 
Superannuation 
 
102,047 
117,790 
Total Key Management Personnel remuneration 
 
1,978,830 
2,044,209 
Directors’ Emoluments 
Directors’ emoluments disclosed pursuant to Section 383 of the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance (Cap.622) and the 
Companies (Disclosure of Information about Benefits of Directors) Regulation (Cap.622G) are as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Short term employee benefits: 
 
 
 
- 
Salaries and fees1 
 
742,912 
590,000 
- 
Short-term incentive payments 
 
50,000 
- 
- 
Share-based payment expenses 
 
- 
204,906 
- 
Non-cash benefits 
 
1,920 
- 
- 
Post-employment benefits 
 
47,224 
37,400 
Total directors’ emoluments 
 
842,056 
832,306 
Note: 
1. 
The amount includes management fees of $145,833 for the year ended 30 June 2024 and $250,000 for the year ended 30 June 2023 
to Juhua International Limited of which the beneficial owner is Mdm Kang Rong. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 97 
Interest free loans 
All subsidiary companies are wholly owned with any interest free loans being eliminated on consolidation. 
Management services provided 
Management and administrative services are provided at no cost to subsidiaries. Astron Pty Limited predominantly incurs 
directors’ fees, management and administration services for the Group. Although these costs are applicable to the Group as 
a whole, they are not reallocated/recharged to individual entities within the Group. 
Related party loans 
As at 30 June 2024, non-executive director Mdm Kang Rong had advanced the Group $2,810,026 (2023: $6,021,428) for 
working capital. The loans are provided interest free and repayable on demand.  
As at 30 June 2024, there were unpaid director and management fees payable to a director-related entity as follows: 
• 
Mdm Kang Rong, Juhua International Limited of $2,027,065 (2023: $1,964,565) (note 20). 
The above liabilities have been subordinated and will not be called upon unless and until such time that the Company has 
available funds and repayments will not affect the Group’s ability to repay other creditors in the normal course of business. 
32. Commitments 
Operating lease commitments 
There were no non-cancellable operating leases contracted for but not capitalised at 30 June 2023 and 2024. 
Water rights 
In accordance with the terms of the contract with GWM Water, the Company is committed to incurring a quarterly headworks 
charge in order to maintain future water rights. For the year ended 30 June 2024, the headworks charge was $943,500 
(2023: $793,490). 
Guarantees between subsidiaries 
Astron Pty Limited has provided a letter of support to the Victorian Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport 
and Resources to fund any expenditure incurred by Donald Mineral Sands Pty Limited and Donald Project Pty Ltd. 
Other commitments and contingencies 
Land 
In 2008, Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Co Ltd holds two land sites acquired from the Chinese Government. As outlined in Note 
19, the Company relinquished a portion of this land during the year, of which the consideration and profit on relinquishment 
has been recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. As at 30 June 2024, the net book 
value of this land was $1,573,173 (2023: $2,773,422) (note 19). 
Minimum expenditure on exploration and mining licences 
To maintain the Exploration and Mining Licenses at Donald, the Group is required to spend $1,261,800 (2023: $1,561,800) 
on exploration and development expenditure over the next year. The minimum expenditure amount per annum will normally 
increase over the life of an exploration license. The amount of this expenditure could be reduced should the Group decide 
to relinquish land. 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 98 
33. Cash flow information 
Reconciliation of cash provided by operating activities with loss after income tax expense 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Net loss for the year 
 
(24,865,684) 
(7,730,992) 
Non-cash flows in loss from ordinary activities 
 
 
 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 
 
1,579,514 
1,941,434 
Amortisation of right-of-use assets 
 
147,615 
83,761 
Bad debts/provision for impairment on receivables 
 
1,180,395 
118,716 
Fair value (gain)/loss on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
 
5,519 
(744) 
Net gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
 
(182,944) 
- 
Impairment of development assets 
 
9,596,089 
- 
Share based payment expenses 
 
61,069 
285,522 
Finance costs 
 
722,759 
1,105,217 
Decrease in trade and other receivables 
 
272,207 
7,766,647 
Decease in inventories 
 
913,054 
350,965 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables and provisions 
 
86,397 
(7,069,029) 
Effects on foreign exchange rate movement 
 
78,766 
(191,113) 
Increase in deferred taxes 
 
2,541,070 
1,691,871 
 
 
(7,864,174) 
(1,647,745) 
Reconciliation of cash 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Cash at the end of the financial year as shown in the cash flow statement 
is reconciled to items in the consolidated statement of financial position 
as follows: 
 
 
 
Cash on hand 
10 
29 
825 
Cash at bank 
10 
2,745,770 
7,203,849 
 
 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
Loan facilities 
Details of the loan facilities of the Group at reporting dates are as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
Note 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Available loan facilities 
 
7,373,865 
6,759,708 
Utilised loan facilities 
22 
(7,373,865) 
(6,759,708) 
Unused loan facilities 
 
-  
- 
As at 30 June 2023 and 2024, the Group’s loan facilities were secured by assets held by its China subsidiary. 
Non-cash financing activities 
No dividends were paid in cash or by the issue of shares under a dividend reinvestment plan during the current year and 
prior year. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 99 
During the year ended 30 June 2024, interest charged of $803,766 on the convertible note related to the unwinding of the 
discounted value of the liability component of the compound financial instrument and was capitalised to exploration 
expenditure in line with the Company’s accounting policy (30 June 2023: $743,051 recognised in the consolidated statement 
of financial performance).  
The table below details changes in the Group’s liabilities arising from financing activities. Liabilities arising from financing 
activities are those for which cash flows were or future cash flows will be, classified in the Group’s consolidated statement 
of cash flows from financing activities. 
 
Lease 
liabilities  
(note 35) 
$ 
Borrowings 
(note 22) 
$ 
Convertible 
Notes 
(note 23) 
$ 
 
 
 
 
At 1 July 2022  
-  
13,668,492  
4,622,272  
  
  
  
  
Changes from cash flows:  
  
  
  
Repayment of borrowings  
-  
(394,097)   
-  
Proceeds from bank borrowings 
-  
3,005,408  
-  
Loan interest paid  
-  
(362,641)   
-  
Total changes from financing cash flows  
-  
2,248,670  
-  
  
-  
  
  
Interest expense  
-  
362,641  
743,051  
Transfer of balances 
-  
537,248 
- 
Exchange adjustments  
-  
(620,233)   
-  
At 30 June 2023  
-   
16,196,818   
5,365,323  
Changes from cash flows:  
 
  
  
Repayment of borrowings  
- 
(4,139,430) 
-  
Principal paid on lease liabilities 
(75,503) 
- 
- 
Interest paid on lease liabilities 
(24,785) 
- 
- 
Proceeds from joint venture funding  
- 
3,221,201 
-  
Loan interest paid  
- 
(723,834) 
-  
Total changes from financing cash flows  
(100,288) 
(1,642,063) 
-  
  
 
 
  
Conversion of 10,000 notes into shares at $0.54 per share  
- 
- 
(1,000,000) 
Extension of 50,000 notes 
- 
- 
(545,818) 
Additions 
308,756 
- 
- 
Interest expense  
24,785 
723,834 
803,768 
Exchange adjustments  
- 
44,480 
-  
At 30 June 2024  
233,253 
15,323,069 
4,622,273 
Acquisition of entities 
As per Note 15, the Company incorporated Donald Project Pty Ltd on 1 February 2024 to act as the joint venture operating 
entity for the joint venture transaction executed with Energy Fuels on 4 June 2024. There was no impact on the cash balances 
of the Group follow this entities incorporation. Other than the above, no other entities were acquired or incorporated during 
the year ended 30 June 2023 and 2024. 
Disposal of entities 
There were no disposals of entities in the current or prior financial years. 
Restrictions on cash 
There is no restricted cash included in the Group’s consolidated cash and cash equivalents balance at 30 June 2023 and 
2024. Refer to note 10 for further details. 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 100 
 
34. Employee benefit obligations 
As at 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023, the majority of employees are employed in China. In accordance with normal business 
practice in China, employee benefits such as annual leave must be fully utilised annually. Chinese provisions for employee 
entitlements at year end would be insignificant. 
35. Lease liabilities 
The Group as leasee 
The Group leases office premises for use in its operations. Leases of office premises have lease term of three to five years 
and only comprise fixed payments over the lease terms.  
The movements of lease liabilities are as follows: 
 
 
 
A$ 
 
 
 
At 1 July 2023  
 
- 
  
 
  
Additions  
 
308,756  
Finance costs  
 
24,785 
Lease payments   
 
(100,288) 
At 30 June 2024  
 
233,253 
 
The present value of future lease payments are presented in the consolidated statement of financial position as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
Current 
 
 
85,256 
Non-current 
 
 
147,997 
 
Future lease payments are due as follows: 
 
 
Minimum 
lease 
payments 
A$ 
Interest  
A$ 
Present value 
of minimum 
lease 
payments  
A$ 
 
 
 
 
 
Within one year 
 
104,612 
19,356 
85,256 
More than one year, but not exceeding two years 
 
109,016 
10,221 
98,795 
More than two years, but not exceeding five years 
 
54,181 
4,979 
49,202 
At 30 June 2024 
 
267,809 
34,556 
233,253 
36. Financial Risk Management 
General objectives, policies and processes 
In common with all other businesses, the Group is exposed to risks that arise from its use of financial instruments. This note 
describes the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks and the methods used to measure them. 
Further quantitative information in respect of these risks is presented throughout these financial statements. 
There have been no substantive changes in the Group’s exposure to financial instrument risks, its objectives, policies and 
processes for managing those risks or the methods used to measure them from previous periods unless otherwise stated in 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 101 
this note. The principal financial instruments from which financial instrument risk arises are cash at banks, term deposits 
greater than 90 days, trade and other receivables and payables, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, 
convertible notes, lease liabilities and borrowings. 
The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives and policies. The 
Groups' risk management policies and objectives are therefore designed to minimise the potential impacts of these risks on 
the results of the Group where such impacts may be material. The Group has significant experience in its principal markets 
which provides the directors with assurance as to the effectiveness of the processes put in place and the appropriateness 
of the objectives and policies it sets. The Group engages a number of external professionals to ensure compliance with best 
practice principles. 
The overall objective of the Board is to set polices that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without unduly affecting the 
Group’s competitiveness and flexibility. Further details regarding these policies are set out below: 
Credit risk 
Credit risk is the risk that the other party to a financial instrument will fail to discharge their obligation resulting in the Group 
incurring a financial loss. This usually occurs when debtors or counterparties to derivative contracts fail to settle their 
obligations owing to the Group. 
In respect of cash investments, most of cash, cash equivalents and term deposits greater than 90 days are held with 
institutions with a AA- to BBB credit rating. As set out in note 10, a small proportion of the Group’s cash was held with a local 
PRC bank which did not have any credit rating. 
In respect of trade receivables, there is concentration of credit risk as 100% (2023: 75%) of the Group’s trade debtors is from 
two (2023: two) customers. Group policy is that sales are only made to customers that are credit worthy. Trade receivables 
are predominantly situated in China. 
Other receivables include $1,042,906 (2023: $1,095,945) being the gross land sale receivable from the Yingkou Provincial 
government. The directors are of the opinion that the credit risk on this receivable to be low for the reasons set out in note 11. 
Credit risk is managed on a Group basis and reviewed regularly by management and the Audit & Risk Committee. It arises 
from exposures to customers as well as through certain derivative financial instruments and deposits with financial 
institutions. 
Refer to note 10 for concentration of credit risk for cash and cash equivalents. 
The maximum exposure of the Group to credit risk at the end of the reporting period is as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Cash & cash equivalents 
 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
Term deposits with maturity over 90 days 
 
139,209 
46,112 
Trade and other receivables 
 
4,243,650 
3,575,762 
 
 
7,128,658 
10,826,548 
The Group measures loss allowances for trade receivables at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs, which is calculated 
individually and collectively using a provision matrix. As the Group’s historical credit loss experience does not indicate 
significantly different loss patterns for different customer segments, the loss allowance based on past due status is not further 
distinguished between the Group’s different customer bases. 
The following table presents the gross carrying amount and the lifetime expected credit loss in respect of individually 
assessed trade receivables as at 30 June 2024 and 2023: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Gross carrying amount 
 
106,124 
39,058 
Lifetime expected credit loss 
 
(106,124) 
(39,058) 
Net carrying amount 
 
- 
- 
 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 102 
The following table presents the gross carrying amount under collective measurement (after individual assessed loss 
allowance) and the provision for impairment loss in respect of collectively assessed trade receivables as at 30 June 2024: 
 
Expected loss rate 
% 
Gross carrying 
amount 
A$ 
Loss allowance 
A$ 
30 June 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
Current (not past due) 
- 
- 
558,733 
67,208 
- 
- 
Expected credit loss is close to zero as the trade receivables have no recent history of default, the impact of the expected 
loss from collectively assessed trade receivables to be immaterial. 
Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group may encounter difficulties raising funds to meet commitments associated with financial 
instruments, e.g. borrowing repayments. The Group manages liquidity risk by monitoring forecast cash flows. As at 30 June 
2024, the Group had cash of $2,745,799 (2023: $7,204,674). 
Maturity analysis 
 
Note 
Carrying 
Amount 
A$ 
Contractual 
Cash flows 
A$ 
< 6 months 
A$ 
> 6 months 
A$ 
Year ended 30 June 2024 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-derivatives 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade payables 
20 
6,052,969 
6,052,969 
6,052,969 
- 
Other payables  
20 
3,100,020 
3,100,020 
3,100,020 
- 
Borrowings 
22 
6,031,227 
6,031,227 
2,810,026 
3,221,201 
Total non-interest bearing liabilities 
 
15,184,216 
15,184,216 
11,963,015 
3,221,201 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Borrowings 
22 
9,291,842 
9,291,842 
4,402,778 
4,889,064 
Convertible notes 
23 
4,622,273 
6,000,000 
- 
6,000,000 
Lease liabilities 
35 
233,253 
267,809 
51,991 
215,818 
Total interest bearing liabilities 
 
14,147,368 
15,559,651 
4,454,768 
11,104,882 
Total liabilities 
 
29,331,584 
30,743,867 
16,417,784 
14,326,083 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note 
Carrying 
Amount 
A$ 
Contractual 
Cash flows 
A$ 
< 6 months 
A$ 
> 6 months 
A$ 
Year ended 30 June 2023 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-derivatives 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and note payables 
20 
3,617,909 
3,617,909 
3,617,909 
- 
Other payables  
20 
2,945,169 
2,945,169 
2,945,169 
- 
Borrowings 
22 
6,021,428 
6,021,428 
6,021,428 
- 
Total non-interest bearing liabilities 
 
12,584,506 
12,584,506 
12,584,506 
- 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Borrowings 
22 
10,175,390 
10,175,390 
5,517,200 
4,658,190 
Convertible notes 
23 
5,365,323 
6,000,000 
- 
6,000,000 
Total interest bearing liabilities 
 
15,540,713 
16,175,390 
5,517,200 
10,658,190 
Total liabilities 
 
28,125,219 
28,759,896 
18,801,706 
10,658,190 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 103 
Fair value 
The fair values of listed investments have been valued at the quoted market price at the end of the reporting period. Other 
assets and other liabilities approximate their carrying value. 
At 30 June 2023 and 2024, the aggregate fair values and carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities carried 
at amortised cost approximate their carrying amounts. 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position of the 
Group according to the hierarchy stipulated in HKFRS 7. 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 
 
 
 
ASX Listed equity shares - Level 1  
 
2,800 
8,319 
Unlisted units in Murtoa Housing Innovation – Level 2 
 
40,000 
- 
 
 
42,800 
8,319 
The Group does not have any Level 3 financial assets. 
Price risk 
Given that price movements are not considered material to the Group, the Group does not have a risk management policy 
for price risk. However, the Group's management regularly review the risks associated with fluctuating input and output 
prices. 
As at 30 June 2024, the maximum exposure of price risk to the Group was the financial assets at fair value through profit or 
loss for $2,800 (2023: $8,319). 100% of the Group’s ASX Listed equity shareholding investments is in the mining or energy 
sector. 
The Group’s exposure to equity price risk is as follows: 
 
 
Consolidated 
 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Carrying amount of listed equity shares on ASX 
 
2,800 
8,319 
 
Sensitivity Analysis 
 
Increase/(decrease) in share price 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
 
+10% 
-10% 
+10% 
-10% 
Listed equity shares on ASX 
 
 
 
 
Loss before tax – increase/(decrease) 
280 
(280) 
832 
(832) 
The above analysis assumes all other variables remain constant. 
Interest rate risk 
The Group manages its interest rate risk by monitoring available interest rates and maintaining an overriding position of 
security whereby most of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents and term deposits are held with institutions with an AA- to 
BBB credit rating while a proportion is held with an unrated bank in PRC. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk and the effective weighted average interest rate by maturity periods is set out in the tables below: 
 
Weighted average 
effective interest rate 
Floating interest rate 
Fixed interest rate 
Non-interest bearing 
Total 
30 June 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
2024 
2023 
 
% 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
Financial assets: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents 
0.17 
0.01 
2,745,770 
7,203,849 
- 
- 
29 
825 
2,745,799 
7,204,674 
Term deposits greater than 90 days 
1.72 
1.72 
- 
- 
139,209 
46,112 
- 
- 
139,209 
46,112 
Trade and other receivables 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
4,243,650 
3,575,762 
4,243,650 
3,575,762 
Financial assets at fair value through profit 
or loss 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
42,800 
8,319 
42,800 
8,319 
Total financial assets 
 
 
2,745,770 
7,203,849 
139,209 
46,112 
4,286,479 
3,584,906 
7,171,458 
10,834,867 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial liabilities: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Trade and other payables 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
9,152,989 
6,563,078 
9,152,989 
6,563,078 
Borrowings 
3.89 
4.95 
7,373,865 
6,759,708 
1,917,977 
3,415,682 
6,031,227 
6,021,428 
15,323,069 
16,196,818 
Convertible notes 
15.00 
15.00 
- 
- 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
- 
- 
4,622,273 
5,365,323 
Lease liabilities 
10.00 
- 
- 
- 
233,253 
- 
- 
- 
233,253 
- 
Total financial liabilities 
 
 
7,373,865 
6,759,708 
6,773,503 
8,781,005 
15,184,216 
12,584,506 
29,331,584 
28,125,219 
 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 104 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 105 
Sensitivity analysis 
The following table shows the movements in loss due to higher/lower interest costs from variable interest rate financial 
instruments in Australia and China. 
 
+ 1% (100 basis points) 
-1% (100 basis points) 
 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
30 Jun 2024 
A$ 
30 Jun 2023 
A$ 
Cash at bank 
27,458 
72,038 
(27,458) 
(72,038) 
Borrowings 
(73,739) 
(67,597) 
73,739 
67,597 
 
(46,281) 
4,441 
46,281 
(4,441) 
Tax charge of 25% (2023: 25%) 
11,570 
(1,110) 
(11,570) 
1,110 
 
(34,711) 
3,331 
34,711 
(3,331) 
Foreign currency risk 
The Group is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currencies arising from the sale and purchase of goods and services in 
currencies other than the Group's measurement currency. The Group manages this risk through the offset of trade 
receivables and payables where the majority of trading is undertaken in either the USD or RMB. Current trading terms ensure 
that foreign currency risk is reduced by sales terms being cash on delivery where possible. 
 

Astron Corporation Limited 
Company Number: 1687414 
Directors’ Declaration 
For the year ended 30 June 2024 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 106 
The directors of the Company declare that: 
1. 
The financial statements, comprising the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, 
consolidated statement of financial position, consolidated statement of cash flows, consolidated statement of changes in 
equity, accompanying notes, are in accordance with Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards and give a true and fair view 
of the consolidated entity’s financial position as at 30 June 2024 and of its performance for the year ended on that date. 
2. 
In the directors’ opinion, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when 
they become due and payable. 
This declaration is made in accordance with a resolution of the board of directors and is signed for and on behalf of the directors 
by: 
 
Chairman 
 
 
Mr George Lloyd 
 
Dated 16 September 2024 
 

IBDO 
Tel : +852 2218 8288 
Fax: +852 2815 2239 
www.bdo.com. hk 
5gi: +852 2218 8288 
ft6 : +852 2815 2239 
www.bdo.com.hk 
25th Floor Wing On Centre 
111 Connaught Road Central 
Hong Kong 
;tff-@:i:p 111 
71<3'.2i:p,1)25 
Independent Auditor's Report 
To the members of Astron Corporation Limited 
(incorporated in Hong Kong with limited liability) 
Opinion 
We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Astron Corporation Limited ("the Company") and its 
subsidiaries (together "the Group") set out on pages 57 to 105, which comprise the consolidated statement 
of financial position as at 30 June 2024, and the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other 
comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated statement of 
cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including material 
accounting policy information. 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial 
position of the Group as at 30 June 2024, and of its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash 
flows for the year then ended in accordance with Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards issued by the Hong 
Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants ("HKICPA") and have been properly prepared in compliance with 
the Hong Kong Companies Ordinance. 
Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with Hong Kong Standards on Auditing ("HKSAs") issued by the HKICPA. 
Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the "Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit 
of the Consolidated Financial Statements" section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance 
with the HKICPA's "Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants" ("the Code"), and we have fulfilled our other 
ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 
Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 
We draw attention to note 2 in the consolidated financial statements, which indicates that as at 30 June 2024, 
the Group's current liabilities exceeded current assets by $13,149,379 and the Group incurred a gross loss and 
net loss after tax of $2,718,239 and $24,865,684 respectively and recorded net cash outflows from operating 
activities of $7,864,174 for the year then ended. These conditions along with other matters set out in note 2 
indicate that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group's ability to continue as 
a going concern. Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter. 
Key Audit Matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit 
of the consolidated financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of 
our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not 
provide a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to the matter described in the Material Uncertainty 
Related to Going Concern section, we have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters 
to be communicated in our report. 
BDO Limited 
,:!j'Jl!"SJ.1'l1/IJ7\W/gtgifi,JJ\Jlp}i'fj"j[i!8lsj 
BDO Limited, a Hong Kong limited company, is a member of BDO International Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, 
and forms part of the international BDO network of independent member firms. 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements 
I 71 
Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 107 

Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 108 

Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 109 

Astron Corporation Limited Annual Financial Statements  | 110 

2024/25 FINANCIAL CALENDAR (ON OR BEFORE) 
Release of quarterly report 
31 October 2024 
2024 annual general meeting 
28 November 2024 
Release of quarterly report 
31 January 2025 
Release of half-year report 
28 February 2025 
Release of quarterly report 
30 April 2025 
Additional information required by the Australian Securities Exchange Ltd and not shown elsewhere in this report is as follows. 
The information is current as at 1 October 2024. 
1.
SHAREHOLDERS’ INTERESTS
(a)
Distribution of shareholders
Size of holding 
Number of 
shareholders 
Number of 
shares held 
% 
184 
100,815 
0.06 
227 
622,161 
0.34 
96 
763,010 
0.42 
194 
7,094,634 
3.88 
1 - 1,000 
1,001 - 5,000 
5,001 - 10,000 
10,001 - 100,000 
100,001 and over 
52 
174,055,150 
95.30 
753 
182,635,770
100.00 
5 
307 
Non CDI holders 
1 - 1,000 
1,001 - 5,000 
1 
2,700 
6 
3,007 
(b)
Less than marketable parcels
There were 89 holders of less than a marketable parcel of 19,774 shares ($500 worth) based on the closing market price of ATR 
shares on 1 October 2024. 
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR LISTED COMPANIES
(c)	
For securities subject to escrow
Class
Number of  
Securities
ASX or  
Voluntary
End of Escrow  
Period
Fully paid CDIs
11,500,000
Voluntary
31 July 2025
111

(d)
Twenty largest CDI holders
Rank 
Name 
Number of 
shares held 
% 
1 
Kobe Investments Ltd 
94,165,972 
51.56
2 
Ruiqing Tan 
30,820,105 
16.88
3 
Sandhurst Trustees Ltd 
13,351,852
7.31 
4 
Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited
7,491,758
4.10 
5 
Mr Jinzhong Sun
3,356,581
1.84 
6 
Juhua International Limited
3,000,000
1.64 
7 
Pandora Nominees Pty Ltd
1,900,890
1.04 
8 
Bealey Pty Limited
1,851,852 
1.01 
9 
Zhang Hong
1,785,714 
0.98 
10 
Mr Milton Yannis
1,179,509 
0.65 
11 
Mr Donald Alexander Black 
1,076,812 
0.59 
12 
Mr Thomas Albanese 
1,000,000 
0.55 
13 
Mr Darrell Vaughan Manton + Mrs Veronica Josephine Manton 
 
933,364 
0.51 
14 
BT Portfolio Services Ltd  
860,000 
0.47 
15 
Yanjuan Zhao
810,000 
0.44 
16 
Mr Adrian Robert Nijman + Mrs Jenny Ann Nijman 
760,000 
0.42 
17 
Jojeto Pty Ltd  
675,926 
0.37 
18 
G W Eales Pty Ltd  
638,689 
0.35 
19 
HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited 
547,687 
0.30 
20 
Mr Christopher David Hammer 
500,000 
0.27 
Totals: Top 20 holders of CDI 
166,706,711
91.28 
Total Remaining Holders Balance 
15,929,059 
8.72
Total CDIs 
182,635,770 
100.00 
Total non-CDI holders 
3,007 
Total shares on issue 
182,638,777 
(e)
Voting rights
All ordinary shares (whether fully paid or not) carry one vote per share without restriction.
2.
TENEMENT SCHEDULE
Location 
Tenement 
Expiry Date 
Interest at year 
end 
% 
Victoria Australia 
RL2002 
9 October 2029 
100 
Victoria Australia 
RL2003 
9 October 2031 
100 
Victoria Australia 
MIN5532 
19 August 2030 
100 
Victoria Australia 
EL8516 
7 April 2029 
100 
Senegal 
09042/MIM/TMG 
29 May 2027 
100 
112
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR LISTED COMPANIES

113
3. INFORMATION POLICY 
It is the policy of the Company to conform with the highest reporting and information standards to its shareholders. Company 
spokespeople are available and pleased to respond to queries from financial community, investors and shareholders. 
During the year, the Group held one shareholder information session meeting and at the meeting active discussions took place 
and questions were answered. 
All these initiatives will continue to be improved and expanded in the coming year with the objective of providing the fullest and 
most detailed information to shareholders consistent with the Company’s objectives. 
Information on the Group and presentations to analysts can be obtained from the Company’s website astronlimited.com.au 
To assist and improve service to shareholders related to the administration of the fully registered shares shareholders can contact 
our share registry service. 
Shareholders can also contact the Company directly by telephone in Australia +61 3 5385 7088.

GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINDED TERMS
 
TERM 
 
$ or A$ or AUD 
Australian dollars 
AMC 
AMC Consultants Pty Ltd 
ARBN 
Australian Registered Business Number 
Astron Titanium or Yingkou 
Astron Titanium (Yingkou) Limited 
Astron, or ATR or the Group 
The Company and its controlled entities 
ASX 
Australian Securities Exchange 
BG&E 
BG&E Resources Pty Ltd 
BGLC 
Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation 
Board 
The board of directors of the Company 
CAGR 
Compound annual growth rate 
CDI 
CHESS Depositary Interest 
Company 
Astron Corporation Limited ARBN 154 924 553, Hong Kong Company Number 1687414 
CUP 
Concentrate upgrade plant 
DEECA 
Victorian Government Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action 
DFS 
Definitive Feasibility Study 
Director 
A member of the Board 
DMS or DMS Project 
Donald Mineral Sands Pty Ltd 
Donald Project 
The Donald Rare Earth & Mineral Sands Project 
ECI 
Early Contractor Involvement 
EES 
Environmental Effects Statement 
EFR 
EFR Donald Ltd 
Energy Fuels 
Energy Fuels Inc. 
EPBC 
Environmental Protection Biodiversity Conservation 
ERR 
Head of Earth Resources Regulation 
ESOP 
Employee Share Option Plan 
ESS 
Environmental and Social Sustainability 
FID 
Financial Investment Decision 
FTE 
Full-time equivalent 
FVTPL 
Fair value through profit or loss 
GST 
Goods and services tax 
GWM or GWM Water 
Grampians Wimmera Mallee Water Corporation 
HKAS 
Hong Kong Accounting Standards 
HKFRS 
Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards, HKAS and Interpretations 
HKICPA 
Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants 
HLS 
Heavy liquid separation 
HM 
Heavy mineral 
HMC 
Heavy mineral concentrate 
JORC Code 
The Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves 
Kt 
One thousand tonnes 
MIN5532 
Victorian mining licence 5532 
MRE 
Mineral resource estimate 
Mt 
Million tonnes 
Niafarang Project 
Niafarang mineral sands project 
PPE 
Property, plant and equipment 
PRC 
People’s Republic of China 
REEC 
Rare earth element concentrate 
RL2002 
Victorian retention licence 2002 
RL2003 
Victorian retention licence 2003 
RMB 
Chinese yuan 
RPS 
RPS Group 
Sedgman 
Sedgman Pty Ltd 
SML 
Small Mining Licence 
SMR 
Senegal Mineral Resources SA 
TiO2 
Titanium dioxide 
US$ or USD 
Unites States Dollar 
VHM 
Valuable heavy minerals 
VWAP 
Volume weighted average price 
WCP 
Wet concentrator plant 
YSC or Shire 
Yarriambiack Shire Council 
ZrO2 
Zirconium dioxide 
 
 
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115
DIRECTORS 
Mr George Lloyd (Chairman, Non-executive Director) 
Mr Tiger Brown (Managing Director) 
Mr Gerard King (Non-executive Director) 
Dr Mark Elliott (Non-executive Director) 
Mdm Kang Rong (Non-executive Director) 
COMPANY SECRETARY AND REGISTERED OFFICE 
Boardroom Corporate Services (HK) Limited 
31/F., 148 Electric Road 
North Point 
Hong Kong 
AUSTRALIAN CORPORATE OFFICE 
Level 10, 224 Queen Street 
Melbourne VIC 3000 
Australia 
Tel: 
+61 3 5385 7088 
E: 
investors@astronlimited.com 
W: 
astronlimited.com.au 
CHINA BUSINESS OFFICE 
C/ Yingkou Astron Mineral Resources Co Ltd 
Room 5612, Building No. 5, Hua Fu Tian Di 
No. 128, Ha’erbin Road, Shenhe District 
Shenyang 110013 
China 
Tel/Fax:  +86 24 2259 5960 
AUDITOR 
BDO Limited 
25th Floor, Wing On Centre 
111 Connaught Road Central 
Hong Kong 
SHARE REGISTRY 
Computershare Investor Services Limited 
Level 3, 60 Carrington Street 
Sydney NSW 2000 
Australia 
Computershare Hong Kong Investor Services Limited 
Hopewell Centre, 46th Floor 
183 Queen’s Road East 
Wan Chai 
Hong Kong 
BANKERS 
Commonwealth Bank of Australia 
48 Martin Place 
Sydney NSW 2000 
Australia 
ASX CODE 
ATR 
CORPORATE DIRECTORY

Astron 2024 Annual Report
116
www.astronlimited.com.au