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Artesian Resources Corporation

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Industry Regulated Water
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FY2023 Annual Report · Artesian Resources Corporation
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STEWAR D OF OUR PLANE TʼS VITAL RES O URCE

Artesian has been dedicated to providing

an essential service for over 115 years and

has been steadfast in its responsibility as

an environmental steward.

We remain committed to

the principles upon which

this company was founded:

to protect our environment,

to provide high-quality water to

our customers at a reasonable

cost, to provide our employees

with a healthy workplace,

to serve our community and

to provide value to you,

our shareholders.

Visit us online for

more information about

Artesian Resources

Corporation

a rt e sianre source s .com

T a b l e o f C o n t e n t s

Company Overview

Company Highlights

Water Service Facts

Financial Highlights

Page 4

Page 5

Page 5

Page 6

Letter to Our Shareholders

Page 8

Financial Review

Operational Accomplishments

The Challenges We Face

Some Final Thoughts

Employee
Development Program

Page 9

Page 9

Page 11

Page 13

Page 13

12th Annual Charitable Outing Page 13

Steward of Our
Planet’s Vital Resource

DS&G Settlement &
Reimbursement

Page 14

Page 15

Aquarius Excellence in
Community Engagement Award Page 15

Officers

2024 Annual Meeting

Directors

Investor Information

Subsidiaries

Financial Data

Page 16

Page 17

Page 18

Page 19

Page 20

10-K

3

C O M P A N Y

O V E R V I E W
The genesis of Artesian Water Company
dates to 1905, when Aaron K. Taylor
began to supply a new housing develop-
ment in New Castle County, Delaware,
with water that ran directly into homes.
From small beginnings as a local water
company, Artesian has grown into a
flourishing total water resource manage-
ment company. It is now the largest
regulated publicly traded water utility on
the Delmarva Peninsula and the ninth
largest in the nation.

Having expanded our territory since 1905,
we now provide water and wastewater
solutions to the entire state of Delaware
and water solutions to nearby Cecil
County, Maryland and Pennsylvania.

We engage in a wide variety of endeavors
from identifying new sources of supply
and developing wells, treatment plants
and delivery systems, to planning, building
and managing responsible wastewater
treatment systems.

In addition, we serve our customers and
communities through our employees’
involvement with many charities and civic
organizations throughout our service area.

We are dedicated to our mission of
providing our customers with the very
best service possible.

4

C O M P A N Y
• Increased shareholder dividends by 4%

• Submitted an application in April 2023
to the Delaware Public Service Com-
mission for a $16.7 million increase in
customer water rates and implemented
an approved 7.5% temporary rate
increase in November 2023

• Placed in service $62.2 million in

water and wastewater infrastructure
projects during 2023

• Received a permit from the Maryland
Department of the Environment for an
increase in our withdrawal allocation
from the Susquehanna River

• Placed into service a new elevated

storage tank in southern New Castle
County, Delaware, providing 1 million
gallons of additional water storage

• Received the U. S. Environmental
Protection Agencyʼs AQUARIUS
Excellence in Community
Engagement Award

• Continued investments in water

treatment for man-made contaminants
commonly known as PFAS in anticipa-
tion of more stringent regulations being
imposed by the U.S. EPA

• Held our Annual Charitable Golf
Outing, which raised a record of
nearly $140,000 for local charities

H I G H L I G H T S

W a t e r S e r v i c e F a c t s
Population served ........ approximately 301,000

Metered customers ........................... 98,500

Annual water produced ....... 8.8 billiongallons

Miles of main .......................................1,470

Active wells ............................................ 218

Treatment facilities .................................. 75

Storage capacity ..............177.5 milliongallons

Average cost per day
for residential water service ............. $1.64

5

F I N A N C I A L H I G H L I G H T S

T E N Y E A R S U M M A R Y

For the year ended December 31, (in millions except per share amounts)

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

Operating
Revenue

Operating
Expenses

Operating
Income

Net Income

$ 98.86

$ 98.90

$ 90.86 $ 88.14 $ 83.60

$ 80.41

$ 82.24

$ 79.09

$ 77.02 $ 72.47

76.42

75.00

68.57

65.85

63.67

61.46

62.64

60.27

59.44

56.42

22.45

23.91

22.29

22.30

19.93

18.96

19.60

18.82

17.58

16.05

16.70

18.00

16.83

16.82

14.93

14.28

13.98

12.95

11.31

9.51

Net Income Per Common
Share - Diluted

1.67

1.90

1.79

1.79

1.60

1.54

1.51

1.41

1.26

1.07

Cash Dividend
Per Common Share

Rate Base

1.14

1.09

1.05

1.01

0.98

0.95

0.93

0.90

0.87

0.85

$399.60

$357.00

$331.60

$315.71 $267.55

$258.56

$249.00

$240.39

$233.46 $235.69

6

9
1.7
$

9
1.7
$

0
1.9
$

7
1.6
$

0
1.6
$

4
1.5
$

1
1.5
$

1
1.4
6 $
1.2
$

7
1.0
$

5
9.4
9
8
$

8
0.9
4
8
$

2
9.8
4
7
$

3
7.0
0
7
$

1
7.3
6
6
$

9
4.7
2
6
$

2
6.8
1
$

3
6.8
1
$

0
8.0
1
$

0
6.7
1
$

5
7.4
7
5
$

9
5.1
3
5
$

6
0.3
1
5
$

4
1.7
9
4
$

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

Earnings Per Common Share

3
4.9
1
$

8
4.2
1
$

8
3.9
1
$

5
2.9
1
$

1
1.3
1
$

1
9.5
$

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

0
8.9
9
$

6
8.8
9
$

6
0.8
9
$

4
8.1
8
$

Net Income (in millions)

4
2.2
8
$

1
0.4
8
$

9
9.0
7
$

0
3.6
8
$

2
7.0
7
7 $
2.4
7
$

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

Utility Plant at Cost (in millions)
(at December 31)

3
5.6
1 $
5.0
$

9
4.5
$

8
4.3
$

8
4.1
$

6
3.8
$

9
3.9
$

0
3.6
$

7
3.3
$

6
3.0
$

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

Service Line Protection Plan Revenue
(in millions)

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

Operating Revenue (in millions)

7

Dian C. Taylor
Chair, President
and CEO

D E A R S H A R E H O L D E R S

It has been my good fortune to

to provide a safe, sustainable,

have the opportunity to continue the

high-quality service to our customers,

work begun by my great-grandfather,

while creating value that has earned

Aaron K. Taylor, when he founded

the trust of investors. Such a legacy

Artesian in 1905. For over a century,

of enduring service is increasingly

successive generations of our family

rare in our world and something of

have worked alongside our employees

which I am deeply appreciative.

8

Our main priority in 2023 was to ensure
that Artesian would continue excelling and
creating value for our customers and share-
holders. This was not always easy, given the
various challenges we confronted during the
year. However, as I will share with you in this
letter, we successfully positioned ourselves
to address each of those challenges while
simultaneously making strategic investments
to deliver further value to our shareholders.
Below, I provide a brief over-view of our 2023
financial performance, highlight noteworthy
investments and achievements during the
year, and summarize our strategy for address-
ing the main pressures facing our industry.

Financial Review

During 2023, we achieved continued increases
in the number of water and wastewater cus-
tomers served. Water and other utility operat-
ing revenue increased 2.2% and 6.0%, re-
spectively, from 2022. However, a 5.6% rise in
utility operating costs and a 7.7% rise in inter-
est expense resulted in a $1.3 million (7.2%)
decline in net income. Earnings per share de-
creased by 12.1% to $1.67 from $1.90 in 2022.

We had begun to see operating costs rise
sharply in 2022, and knew that because of
that upturn—in combination with our
significant investments in water utility infra-
structure—we would need to proactively make
plans to mitigate their eventual impact through
a rate case. Thanks to the preparations we
made, we were able to file for a $16.7 million
increase in Delaware water rates in April 2023
and implemented a 7.5% temporary rate
increase in November 2023.

We remain focused on our long-term
strategic objectives and are confident that our
efforts will continue to yield success. Acknowl-
edging our on-going achievements, the Board
of Directors raised the shareholder dividend
twice last year, continuing our history of

delivering consistent, sustainable dividend
increases for the last 26 years. The two
increases again totaled 4%, raising the annu-
alized dividend rate to $1.1588 per share.

Operational Accomplishments

There were multiple noteworthy achieve-
ments across the Company last year.
$62.2 million was invested in water and
wastewater infrastructure, compared to
$48.5 million the previous year. These
investments are intended to ensure that we
remain a good steward of precious water
resources, continue to reliably provide high-
quality water to customers, replace aging
infrastructure before it requires costly
restoration, and facilitate further economic
development and resultant customer
growth in our region.

As part of these strategic investments,
we placed into service a new water treat-
ment plant capable of treating 1 million
gallons per day of water in northern
New Castle County, Delaware.
This treatment plant was one of
the final pieces in a multi-year
strategic initiative to reduce

7
1.0
$

3
1.0
0 $
1.0
7 $
0.9
4 $
0.9
1 $
0.9
9 $
0.8
6 $
0.8
$

6
1.1
$

1
1.1
$

4
1
0
2

5
1
0
2

6
1
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

Annualized Dividend Per Common Share
(at December 31)

9

our purchased water from a neighboring
utility. The new water treatment plant supple-
mented multiple other projects completed
over the last several years designed to lower
expenses by reducing Artesian’s purchases of
water. Those projects focused on additional
supply wells, making hydraulic improvements
in our water transmission system, and
adding pumping stations.

A sustainable water system also requires
regular renewal and replacement of aging
infrastructure. In 2023, we renewed or re-
placed over 5 miles of water mains, reducing
potential interruptions of service. Additionally,
we fully renovated a major treatment facility,
originally constructed about 70 years ago,
which provides water to our largest integrated
water service area in New Castle County.
This renovation not only enhanced treatment
capacities, control systems and security,
but also created energy efficiencies that are
intended to reduce operating expenses.

We are actively engaged in economic
development efforts and are always excited
when new business and industry come to our
service area, since commercial and residen-
tial development means more customers and
higher water demands. To meet those de-
mands, we sometimes need to make signifi-
cant infrastructure improvements. In 2023,
Artesian completed the construction of a new
elevated tank, providing an additional 1 million
gallons of water storage to serve the rapidly
growing southern New Castle County region.
We also completed two additional wells in that
area, providing a total of over 1.2 million
gallons per day of water, to ensure that we
meet rising water demand in this rapidly
developing part of our system.

In Sussex County, Delaware, we continued in-
tegrating the wastewater systems of Tidewater
Environmental Services, Inc. (TESI), which we

(top to bottom)

Placed into service a 1 million gallons per day
treatment plant in New Castle County.

Fully renovated major treatment facility provides water
to our largest service area in New Castle County.

Completed a one million gallon storage tank to serve
the growing southern New Castle County region.

10

acquired in 2022 from Middlesex Water
Company. All but one of these systems are
close to our regional collection system, so our
plan is to interconnect the TESI systems with
ours and eliminate the smaller treatment facili-
ties. This will bring those flows to our two
regional treatment facilities. The integration of
the systems will provide greater operational
efficiency and economies of scale, which will
help reduce operational expense.

In Cecil County, Maryland, we spent much
of 2023 on a variety of engineering design
and permitting efforts to be ready for new
customers arriving as a result of the area’s
continued economic development. We also
maintained our focus on enhancing delivery
of high quality and reliable water service to
our existing customers in the County.
The Susquehanna River is a key source of
supply for us in this region. As Cecil County
continues to be developed, the river should be
able to provide even larger quantities of water
to our system than it does now. Accordingly,
we applied for an increased withdrawal limit for
our Port Deposit intake and water treatment
plant on the Susquehanna River. In response,
effective January 3, 2024, the Maryland
Department of the Environment issued a new
appropriation permit increasing the allowed
daily average water withdrawal to 3.5 million
gallons per day (MGD), with a maximum daily
withdrawal of 5.0 MGD. This increase in the
permitted water withdrawal will be used to
support upcoming development phases within
Bainbridge, a 1,200-acre site located just off
I-95 above the town of Port Deposit. Formerly
a Naval Training Center until the U.S. Navy
decommissioned it in 1976, the site is being
developed for commercial and industrial use.
So far, new buildings for logistical operations
have been constructed on the property. Bain-
bridge reached a significant milestone in its
development when we began water service to

those new buildings in April 2023. The plan
for Phase 1 of Bainbridge calls for a total of
3.75 million square feet of industrial/logistical
space on 450 acres.

The Challenges We Face

There are three significant challenges that
both our company and the industry as a
whole currently face. I spoke to the first of
these earlier in this letter when I mentioned
the upturn in our operating expenses. This
increase is being driven by rising interest
rates, higher costs for materials (such as
chemicals and treatment filter media) and
higher costs to retain top talent in a competi-
tive job market. To address these realities,
in April 2023 Artesian filed for revised water
rates with the Delaware Public Service
Commission (DEPSC), requesting an
increase in revenue of 22.66%, or approxi-
mately $16.7 million, on an annualized basis.
The requested new rates are designed to
support Artesian’s ongoing capital improve-
ment program and to cover increased costs
of operations. Delaware law permits utilities
to implement a portion of their requested rate
increase while the case is still under review.

The Susquehanna River provides
an abundant supply of water to our system
as Cecil County continues to grow.

11

Such increases are referred to as temporary
rates, and we were approved to implement
ours on November 28, 2023. The temporary
rates will provide an additional 7.5% of water
sales revenue while the full request is under
review by the DEPSC.

The second challenge is within the digital
space. Today’s information technology brings
not only numerous benefits but also risks.
As many of you may have read in the news,
during 2023 cyber criminals and foreign actors
specifically targeted utilities both for extortion
and for acts of deliberate aggression.
We continue to invest in efforts to assess,
address and minimize exposure to cyberse-
curity risks. Across our organization, we are
implementing a multi-layered approach to
cybersecurity that includes (1) using multiple
diverse internal and external sources to
actively monitor for potential cyber threats;
(2) empowering our employees through
cybersecurity training reinforced by

Artesian invested $3.9 million in water treatment
for PFAS at three different facilities, bringing
our total number of treatment plants capable of
removing PFAS compounds to ten.

12

simulated phishing and social engineering
exercises; and (3) investing in enterprise-
class prevention and detection cybersecurity
technologies. Our cybersecurity posture is
continually refined through the evaluation
of new threats, internal vulnerability assess-
ments, periodic third-party cybersecurity
assessments, and our participation in the
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security
Agency’s (under the U.S. Department of
Homeland Security) external vulnerability
scanning program.

Finally, there is the challenge of emerging
contaminants. The past 20 years have seen
incredible advancements both in detection
technology and in the science addressing
the impacts of various chemicals on human
health. With greater understanding has come
heightened expectations and regulations
affecting water and wastewater treatment.
The proactive approach we take to testing
and treating for per- and polyfluoroalkyl sub-
stances—a family of chemicals commonly
referred to by the acronym PFAS—is clear
evidence of our commitment to providing
high-quality water to customers. Artesian
has been at the forefront of addressing PFAS,
testing for it since 2013 and treating when
necessary. During 2024, the U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency is expected to
announce new, formalized regulations for the
treatment of several PFAS compounds, with
a compliance deadline of three years from
the date of adoption. We are well positioned
to meet this deadline. In 2023, Artesian
invested $3.9 million in water treatment for
PFAS at three different facilities, bringing
to 10 our total number of treatment plants
capable of removing these chemicals.
That number will rise to 13 during 2024,
since we are currently making construction
improvements to three more facilities.

Some Final Thoughts

Last year was incredibly productive. We made
significant critical investments in infrastructure,
added new water and wastewater customers,
and took steps to protect the Company against
risk. Thanks to our investments, we believe that
the Company is well positioned to take advan-
tage of opportunities for growth as they occur
over the coming years. Passively waiting for
good fortune to strike is never wise, which
is why we work hard to leverage our strong
position within the Delmarva region to create
opportunities for growing our company’s value.
While last year’s financial results were lower
than we would have liked, there is both a clear
cause that explains them, and a clear remedy
for improving them. That is why we are looking
forward to the conclusion of our Delaware water
rate case in 2024. In the interim, we are utilizing
the temporary rates the DEPSC has approved.

As I look back over 2023, I am confident
that we are both preserving and honoring
the principles upon which this company was
founded in 1905. I am gratified that we continue
to provide high-quality water to our customers
at a reasonable cost, create a healthy work
environment for our employees, and serve the
community. As stewards of the environment
our mission has always been to preserve and
protect it for future generations, and following
in this report is a summary of many of our on-
going efforts. We remain dedicated to our prin-
ciples and are committed to preserving them
as our company’s legacy for future generations,
and providing value to you, our shareholders.

Thank you for your trust and continued
investment in our company.

Dian C. Taylor

Chair, President and CEO

Employee Development Program

We continue to invest in our most
valuable asset, our employees, through our
custom Employee Development Program.
This leadership training program supports
our commitment to long-term succession
planning. We are growing this program,
uniquely designed in-house for Artesianʼs
specific long-term needs, by generating new
curricula, routinely identifying new partici-
pants for potential leadership opportunities,
and including third-party training organiza-
tions to best support our future initiatives.

12th Annual Charitable Outing

We are gratified to announce that our 12th
Annual Charitable Golf Outing raised nearly
$140,000 through the generosity of our
business partners, bringing our 12-year total
to $740,000. Proceeds from this outing
benefitted the following organizations:
Easterseals Delaware & Marylandʼs Eastern
Shore, The American Heart Association and
Deep Roots at Clairvaux Farm in Cecil County,
Maryland. We are delighted to have hosted
yet another successful fundraising event.
Thanks to our sponsors for their continued
participation in this yearly outing and for
their generous support.

13

Steward of Our
Planetʼs Vital Resource

Our business provides essential
water and wastewater services,
making us natural stewards of our
planetʼs resources. Across multiple
generations of leadership, protecting
the environment and conservation
of our precious water resources
remained part of our core values.
Following, we would like to share
our on-going efforts on three core
environmental priorities: resource
management, conservation, and
carbon footprint reduction.

Resource Management

•

•

•

Use of spray irrigation to reclaim
hundreds of millions of gallons of treated
wastewater annually for use in farming
operations

Use of Rapid Infiltration Basins (RIBs)
preferred for disposal of wastewater to
promote groundwater recharge

Use of an Aquifer Storage and Recovery
system that eliminates evaporative
losses and the associated energy
required to make up for those losses
when compared to reservoir storage as
well as providing added protection to the
aquifer against salt water intrusion

•

•

•

Utilization of the American Water Works
Association Non-Revenue Water Key
Performance Indicators (KPI) and best
practices for water loss control

Utilization of Supervisory Control & Data
Acquisition (SCADA) trending, tank level
monitors and alarms for timely response
to changing system conditions

Monitoring groundwater drawdown and
adjusting pumping volumes as needed
to ensure natural aquifer recharge and
long-term resource viability

Conservation

•

•

•

•

•

Inclining Block Rate Billing Tiers to
encourage customer conservation

Monthly Billing that allows customers to
have timely notice of water consumption
changes and possible leaks

Providing customers with no-cost Leak
Detection Audits to identify in-home leaks,
reducing water waste

Community Outreach Conservation
Education Program that provides an
understanding of the water cycle, the
negative impacts of pollution and ground-
water contamination, and the importance
of conservation

Founding member of the Annual Christina
River Clean Up over 30 years ago, and
removal of approximately 360 tons of
trash from the river bank over the
intervening years

14

Carbon Footprint Reduction

•

•

Installed and maintain independent solar
panel fields at multiple facilities

Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
utilized on pumps and motors to reduce
energy use, optimize efficiency and
reduce maintenance requirements

Reducing travel and related fuel
consumption by:

•

- Mobile Workforce Management that
efficiently maps daily work routes

- Use of Video Conferencing

- Water Quality Analyzers and

SCADA alarming which reduce
daily travel requirements of
Operations personnel

•

43% of customers enrolled in e-billing,
reducing paper waste and eliminating
need for postal delivery

Our Commitment to
environmental protection
and conservation is in
the heart and soul of our
business operations.
It is inherent in our
provision of essential
services to our customers
throughout the Delmarva
Peninsula and is reflected
in all we do.

DS&G Settlement and Reimbursement

As we first reported in 2022, we reached a
settlement agreement with the Delaware Sand
& Gravel Trust (the Trust) after nearly 20 years
of negotiation. The Trust, which is responsible
for remediation of releases from a former landfill
operation, agreed to reimburse Artesian for
$8.7 million in water treatment capital invest-
ments, $1.3 million in historical operational ex-
penses, and future operational expenses related
to the contaminant released at our Llangollen
well field. This money is being returned directly
to our Delaware residential water customers
through annual credits over a five-year period.
Customers received their second credit in 2023.
Artesian understands the hardships presented
by todayʼs economic environment, and we are
pleased that this refund is going directly to our
customers for their financial benefit.

Aquarius Excellence in Community
Engagement Award

Artesian received the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agencyʼs AQUARIUS Excel-
lence in Community Engagement Award.
Artesian was recognized for its purchase
of the Town of Frankfordʼs water system
and its subsequent Delaware Avenue
Main Extension project in Sussex
County, Delaware. This project utilized
over $2 million of grant money from
Delawareʼs Clean Water State Revolv-
ing Fund (CWSRF). The award was presented
on April 12, 2023 at the Summit on Water Infra-
structure held by the Council of Infrastructure
Financing Authorities (CIFA). This annual CIFA
conference brings together leaders in the
CWSRF community, project managers, utility
members, federal partners, finance experts and
policy advocates to discuss national water
infrastructure needs and projects.

15

O F F I C E R S

16

(Left Column, Top to Bottom)

Dian C. Taylor
President and Chief Executive Officer

Artesian Resources Corporation

Nicholle R. Taylor
Senior Vice President

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries
President,

Artesian Water Company

David B. Spacht
Chief Financial Officer

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries
President,

Artesian Wastewater Management

Joseph A. DiNunzio, CPA, CGMA
Executive Vice President and Corporate Secretary

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries
President,

Artesian Water Maryland

Jennifer L. Finch, CPA
Corporate Treasurer and
Senior Vice President of Finance

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

Pierre A. Anderson
Chief Information Officer and
Senior Vice President

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

John M. Thaeder
Senior Vice President

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

Raymond T. Kelly, CPA
Vice President of Information Technology

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

Daniel W. Konstanski, P.E., BCEE
Vice President of Engineering

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

Courtney A. Emerson, Esq.
General Counsel and Assistant Secretary

Artesian Resources Corporation & Subsidiaries

A R T E S I A N

R E S O U R C E S

C O R P O R AT I O N

A N N U A L M E E T I N G

O F S H A R E H O L D E R S

Tuesday,

May 7, 2024

1:30 PM

White Clay Creek Country Club
879 Delaware Park Boulevard
Wilmington, DE 19804

17

D I R E C T O R S

18

(Left Column, Top to Bottom)

Dian C. Taylor
Chair of the Board, President
& Chief Executive Officer

Artesian Resources Corporation

Nicholle R. Taylor
Senior Vice President

Artesian Resources Corporation
& Subsidiaries
President

Artesian Water Company

Kenneth R. Biederman, Ph.D.
Professor (Ret.), Department of Finance

Lerner College of Business and Economics,
University of Delaware

John R. Eisenbrey, Jr.
Owner & President

Bear Industries, Inc.

Michael Houghton, Esq.
Retired Partner

Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell LLP

William C. Wyer
Director Emeritus
Business Consultant

Wyer Group, Inc.

More on Bill

I N V E S T O R

I N F O R M A T I O N

S

hareholder Inquiries

Shareholder inquiries regarding Class A
Non-Voting Common Stock and Class B
Common Stock accounts, including transfer
requirements, lost certificates and dividend
payments, should be directed to:

Computershare Investor Services
P.O. Box 43078
Providence, RI 02940-3078
800.368.5948

Projected 2024 Dividend Dates
(Subject to the approval of the Artesian Resources
Corporation Board of Directors)

Quarter Record Date

Payment Date

1st

February 9, 2024

February 23, 2024

2nd

May 17, 2024

May 28, 2024

Private Couriers/Registered Mail:

3rd

August 16, 2024

August 27, 2024

Computershare Investor Services
150 Royall Street, Suite 101
Canton, MA 02021

computershare.com/investor
Shareholder inquiries and requests for
investment materials, should be directed to:

Nicholle R. Taylor, Senior Vice President
Artesian Resources Corporation
P.O. Box 15004
Wilmington, DE 19850

302.453.6900 800.332.5114

n t a y l o r @ a r t e s i a n w a t e r. c o m

Dividend Reinvestment
and Stock Purchase Plan
The holders of record of the Company’s
Class A Non-Voting Common Stock are
eligible to participate in the Dividend
Reinvestment Plan. The plan provides for
the direct purchase of Class A Non-Voting
Common Stock through reinvestment of
dividends and/or optional cash payments.
To obtain a copy of the plan prospectus,
contact either Computershare or
Artesian directly.

4th

November 15, 2024 November 25, 2024

CAUTIONARY NOTE ON
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

All statements other than historical facts

are forward-looking and actual results may

differ materially from those projected,

anticipated or implied. Please refer to

“Item 1A-Risk Factors” of the Company's

Annual Report on Form 10-K for the

year ended December 31, 2023, for a

description of the substantial risks and

uncertainties related to the forward looking

statements included in this Annual Report.

Past performance of Artesian’s Common

Stock is not predictive of future returns.

19
19

ARTESIAN RESOURCES
CORPORATION & SUBSIDIARIES

Artesian Resources Corporation

operates as the holding company of our wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Artesian Water Company, Inc.
regulated public water utility on the Delmarva Peninsula and has been providing water service

is our principal subsidiary. It is the oldest and largest

since 1905. Artesian Water distributes and sells water to residential, commercial, industrial,

governmental and utility customers throughout Delaware. It also provides private and municipal

utilities with billing services and operational management services.

Artesian Wastewater Management, Inc.
facilities and provides public wastewater services to customers in Sussex County, Delaware.

is a regulated utility that owns and operates wastewater

Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. d/b/a/ Artesian Wastewater, a subsidiary of

is a regulated utility that owns and operates wastewater

Artesian Wastewater Management, Inc.,
facilities and provides public wastewater services to customers in Sussex County, Delaware.

Artesian Water Maryland, Inc.
in Cecil County, Maryland. Artesian Water Maryland is an important part of our strategy to be the

is a regulated public water utility providing services to customers

preeminent provider of public water utility services on the Delmarva Peninsula.

Artesian Water Pennsylvania, Inc.
customers in southeastern Pennsylvania.

is a regulated public water utility providing services to

Artesian Utility Development, Inc.
water and wastewater infrastructure and provides contract water and wastewater services on the

is a non-regulated operating company that designs and builds

Delmarva Peninsula. In addition, Artesian Utility offers three protection plans; the Water Service Line

Protection Plan, the Sewer Service Line Protection Plan and the Internal Service Line Protection Plan.

Artesian Development Corporation
of Artesian Resources.

is the non-regulated real estate holding company

20

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C.  20549 

FORM 10-K 

           ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 
OR 
          TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

Commission file number 000-18516 

ARTESIAN RESOURCES CORPORATION 
  __________________________________________________________________________________________________   
 (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 

51-0002090 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 

664 Churchmans Road, Newark, Delaware 19702 
   _________________________________________________________________________________________________     
Address of principal executive offices 

(302) 453 – 6900 
   _________________________________________________________________________________________________     
Registrant's telephone number, including area code 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 
Trading Symbol (s) 
ARTNA 

Title of each class 
Common Stock 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
The Nasdaq Stock Market 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 

 Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. 

 Yes 

 No 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the registrant  (1) has  filed  all  reports  required  to  be  filed  by  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 

 Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data file required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant 
was required to submit such files). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company,  or  an  emerging  growth  company.   See  the  definitions  of  "large  accelerated  filer,"  "accelerated  filer,"  "smaller  reporting 
company," and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12(b)-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  

Accelerated filer  

Non-accelerated filer  

Smaller reporting company  

Emerging growth company  

If  an  emerging  growth  company,  indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  has  elected  not  to  use  the  extended  transition  period  for 
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness 
of its internal control over financial report under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public 
accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.   

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant 
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.   

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 
compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b)  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).   Yes  No 

The  aggregate  market  value  of  the  Class  A  Non-Voting  Common  Stock  and  Class  B  Common  Stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the 
registrant  at  June  30,  2023  was  $426,719,824  and  $14,196,292,  respectively.  The  aggregate  market  value  of  Class  A  Non-Voting 
Common Stock was computed by reference to the closing price of such class as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 
30, 2023, which trade date was June 30, 2023.  The aggregate market value of Class B Common Stock was computed by reference to 
the last reported trade of such class as reported on the OTC Bulletin Board as of June 30, 2023, which trade date was May 11, 2023. 

As of March 12, 2024, 9,406,786 shares of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock and 881,452 shares of Class B Common Stock were 
outstanding. 

1 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ARTESIAN RESOURCES CORPORATION 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS 

PART I 

Item 1. – Business 
Item 1A. – Risk Factors 
Item 1B. – Unresolved Staff Comments 
Item 1C - Cybersecurity 
Item 2. – Properties 
Item 3. – Legal Proceedings 
Item 4. – Mine Safety Disclosures 

PART II 

Item 5. – Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities 
Item 6. – [Reserved] 
Item 7. – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
Item 7A. – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk 
Item 8. – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
Item 9. – Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 
Item 9A. – Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B. – Other Information 
Item 9C - Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections 

PART III 

Item 10. – Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
Item 11. – Executive Compensation 
Item 12. – Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 
Item 13. – Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
Item 14. – Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

PART IV 

Item 15. – Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 
Item 16. – Form 10-K Summary 

SIGNATURES 

Exhibit 21-Subsidiaries of the Company 
Exhibit 23.1-Consent of BDO USA, P.C. 
Exhibit 31.1-Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
Exhibit 31.2-Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
Exhibit 32-Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 

2 

 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K which express our “belief,” “anticipation” or “expectation,” as well as other statements which 
are not historical fact, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and involve risks 
and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected.  Words such as “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, 
“plans”,  “believes”,  “seeks”,  “estimates”,  “projects”,  “forecasts”,  “may”,  “should”,  variations  of  such  words  and  similar  expressions  are 
intended to identify such forward-looking statements.  They include, but are not limited to, the statements below:  

general economic, employment and business conditions; 

− 
−  material costs and availability; 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
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− 
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− 
− 
− 
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consumer and producer price inflation; 
the impact of recent acquisitions on our ability to expand and foster relationships; 
strategic plans for goals, priorities, growth and expansion; 
expectations for our water and wastewater subsidiaries and non-utility subsidiaries; 
customer base growth opportunities in Delaware and Cecil County, Maryland; 
our belief regarding our capacity to provide water services for the foreseeable future to our customers; 
our belief relating to our compliance and the cost to achieve compliance with relevant governmental regulations; 
our expectation of the timing of decisions by regulatory authorities; 
the impact of weather and climate change on our operations; 
the execution of our strategic initiatives; 
our expectation regarding the timing for construction on new projects; 
the adoption of recent accounting pronouncements from time to time; 
contract operations opportunities; 
legal proceedings; 
our properties; 
deferred tax assets; 
the adequacy of our available sources of financing; 
the expected recovery of expenses related to our long-term debt; 
our expectation to be in compliance with financial covenants in our debt instruments; 
our ability to refinance our debt as it comes due; 
our ability to adjust our debt level, interest rate, maturity schedule and structure; 
the timing and terms of renewals of our lines of credit; 
changes in interest rates; 
plans to increase our wastewater treatment operations, engineering services and other revenue streams less affected by weather; 
expected future contributions to our postretirement benefit plan; 
anticipated growth in our non-utility subsidiaries; 
anticipated investments in certain of our facilities and systems and the sources of funding for such investments;  
sufficiency of internally generated funds and credit facilities to provide working capital and our liquidity needs; and 
the specific and overall impacts of global pandemics on our financial condition and results of operations.  

Certain  factors,  as  discussed under  Item  1A  -  Risk  Factors,  that  could  cause  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  in  the  forward-looking 
statements include, but are not limited to: 
changes in weather and climate; 
changes in our contractual obligations; 
ability to sufficiently control certain operating expenses which are necessary to provide public utility services; 
changes in government policies; 
timely availability of materials and supplies for essential infrastructure projects and operations; 
the timing and results of our rate requests; 
failure to receive regulatory approvals; 
cyber-attacks; 
changes in economic and market conditions generally;  
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; 
unexpected events, restrictions and policies related to a public health crisis; and 
other matters discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 
− 

While the Company may elect to update forward-looking statements, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so, except as may be required 
under applicable securities laws, and you should not rely on any forward-looking statement as a representation of the Company’s views as of 
any date subsequent to the date of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.   

3 

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

General Information 

PART I 

Artesian Resources Corporation, or Artesian Resources, is a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1927, that is the holding company of 
eight  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  offering  water,  wastewater  and  other  services  in  Delaware,  Maryland  and  Pennsylvania.  The 
Company’s  principal  executive  offices  are  located  at  664  Churchmans  Road,  Newark,  Delaware  19702.    Our  principal  subsidiary, 
Artesian Water Company, Inc., is the oldest and largest investor-owned public water utility on the Delmarva Peninsula and has been 
providing superior water service since 1905.   We distribute and sell water, including water for public and private fire protection, to 
residential, commercial, industrial, municipal and utility customers in the states of Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania.  We provide 
wastewater services to customers in Delaware. In addition, we provide contract water and wastewater operations, and water, sewer and 
internal Service Line Protection Plans.  Our Class A Non-Voting Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market and trades 
under the symbol “ARTNA.”  Our Class B Common Stock trades on the Nasdaq’s OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol “ARTNB.” 

Artesian Resources is the holding company of five regulated public utilities: Artesian Water Company, Inc., or Artesian Water, Artesian 
Water  Pennsylvania,  Inc.,  or  Artesian  Water  Pennsylvania,  Artesian  Water  Maryland,  Inc.,  or  Artesian  Water  Maryland,  Artesian 
Wastewater Management, Inc., or Artesian Wastewater, and Artesian Wastewater Maryland, Inc., or Artesian Wastewater Maryland; 
and  three  non-utility  subsidiaries:  Artesian  Utility  Development,  Inc.,  or  Artesian  Utility,  Artesian  Development  Corporation,  or 
Artesian  Development,  and  Artesian  Storm  Water  Services,  Inc.,  or  Artesian  Storm  Water.    Effective  January  14,  2022,  Artesian 
Wastewater is the holding company of Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater, or TESI, a regulated public 
utility.  The terms “we,” “our,” “Artesian,” and the “Company” as used herein refer to Artesian Resources and its subsidiaries.  The 
business activity conducted by each of our subsidiaries is discussed below under separate headings. 

Our Market 

Our  current  market  area  is  the  Delmarva  Peninsula.  Our  largest  service  area  is  in  the  State  of  Delaware.    Substantial  portions  of 
Delaware, particularly outside of northern New Castle County, are not served by a public water or wastewater system and  represent 
potential opportunities for Artesian Water and Artesian Wastewater to obtain new exclusive franchised service areas.  We continue to 
focus resources on developing and serving existing service territories and obtaining new territories throughout Delaware. 

We hold Certificates of Public Convenience and Necessity, or CPCNs, for approximately 308 square miles of exclusive water service 
territory, most of which is in Delaware with some territory being in Maryland and Pennsylvania.  Our largest connected regional water 
system, consisting of approximately 141 square miles and 79,300 metered customers, is located in northern New Castle County and 
portions of southern New Castle County, Delaware.  We hold CPCNs for approximately 59 square miles of wastewater service territory 
located  in  Sussex  County,  Delaware,  of  which  approximately  23  square  miles  was  added  in  January  2022  upon  the  closing  of  the 
acquisition of TESI.  A significant portion of our exclusive service territory is in Sussex County, Delaware and remains undeveloped, 
and if and when development occurs and there is population growth in these areas, we anticipate we will increase our customer base by 
providing water and/or wastewater service to the newly developed areas and new customers. 

Subsidiaries 

Artesian Water 

Artesian Water, our principal subsidiary, distributes and sells water to residential, commercial, industrial, governmental, municipal and 
utility customers throughout the State of Delaware.  In addition, Artesian Water provides services to other water utilities,  including 
operations and billing functions, and has contract operation agreements with private, municipal and state water providers.  Artesian 
Water  also  provides  water  for  public  and  private  fire  protection  to  customers  in  our  service  territories.    Artesian  Water  produced 
approximately 81% of our 2023 consolidated operating revenues.  In May 2022, Artesian Water completed its purchase of substantially 
all of the water operating assets from the Town of Clayton, or Clayton, a Delaware municipality located in Kent County, Delaware.  
This purchase agreement is discussed further in the “Strategic Direction and Recent Developments” section. 

We derive about 90% of our self-supplied groundwater from wells that pump groundwater from aquifers and other formations located 
in the Atlantic Coastal Plain.  The remaining 10% of our groundwater supply comes from wells in the Piedmont Province.  We use a 
variety  of  treatment  methods,  including  aeration,  pH  adjustment,  chlorination,  fluoridation,  ultra  violet  oxidation,  arsenic  removal, 
nitrate  removal,  radium  removal,  iron  removal,  and  carbon  adsorption  to  meet  federal,  state  and  local  water  quality 
standards.  Additionally, a corrosion inhibitor is added to our self-supplied groundwater and to supply from interconnections.  We have 
62  different  water  treatment  facilities  in  our  Delaware  systems.   All  water  supplies  that  we  purchase  from  neighboring  utilities  are 
potable.   

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
To supplement our groundwater supply, we purchase treated surface water through interconnections only in the northern service area of 
our New Castle County, Delaware system.  The treated surface water is blended with our groundwater supply for  distribution to our 
customers.  Nearly 95% of the overall 8.7 billion gallons of water we distributed in all of our Delaware systems during 2023 came from 
our groundwater wells, while the remaining  5% came from interconnections with other utilities and municipalities.  In Delaware in 
2023,  we  pumped  an  average  of  23.1  million  gallons  per  day,  or  mgd,  from  our  groundwater  wells  and  obtained  an  average  of 
approximately 0.8 mgd from interconnections.  Our peak water supply capacity currently is approximately 57.7 mgd.  We believe that 
we have in place sufficient capacity to provide water service for the foreseeable future to all existing and new customers in all of our 
service territories. 

Most of our New Castle County, Delaware water system is interconnected.  In the remainder of the State of Delaware, we have several 
satellite systems that have not yet been connected by transmission and distribution facilities.  We intend to join these systems into larger 
integrated  regional  systems  through  the  construction  of  a  transmission  and  distribution  network  as  development  continues  and  our 
expansion efforts provide us with contiguous exclusive service territories. 

In Delaware, we have 24 interconnections with three neighboring water utilities and seven municipalities that provide us with the ability 
to purchase or sell water.  An interconnection agreement with Chester Water Authority, which is effective from January 1, 2022 through 
December 31, 2026, includes automatic five-year renewal terms, unless terminated by either party, and has a “take or pay” clause which 
required us to purchase water on a step-down schedule through July 5, 2022 and now requires us to purchase a minimum of 0.5 mgd.   
Artesian’s capital investments in self-sufficiency of water supply facilitated a reduction in the minimum amount of water required to be 
purchased  under  the  current  contract  compared  to  previous  contracted  requirements.    The  reduced  purchased  water  minimum 
requirement has lowered purchased water utility operating costs.   

As of December 31, 2023, we were serving customers through approximately 1,470 miles of transmission and distribution mains.  Mains 
range in diameter from two inches to twenty-four inches, and most of the mains are made of ductile iron or cast iron.  

We have 36 storage tanks in Delaware, most of which are elevated, providing total system storage of approximately 45.0 million gallons. 
We have developed and are using an Aquifer Storage and Recovery, or ASR, system in New Castle County, Delaware.  Our ASR system 
provides approximately 130.0 million gallons of storage capacity, which can be withdrawn at an average rate of approximately 1.0 mgd.  
At some locations, we rely on hydro-pneumatic tanks to maintain adequate system pressures.  Where possible, we combine our smaller 
satellite systems with systems having elevated storage facilities.   

Artesian Water Maryland 

Artesian  Water  Maryland  began  operations  in  August  2007.    Artesian  Water  Maryland  distributes  and  sells  water  to  residential, 
commercial, industrial and municipal customers in Cecil County, Maryland.  Artesian Water Maryland owns and operates 10 public 
water systems.  

The majority of the 0.1 billion gallons of water we distributed in all of our Maryland systems during 2023 came from our groundwater 
wells, while a portion came from treated surface water.  We have ten separate water treatment facilities in our Maryland systems.  We 
have one surface water treatment facility located in Cecil County, Maryland, with the current ability to treat up to 1.0 mgd from an 
intake in the Susquehanna River that is permitted a withdrawal of a maximum of 5.0 mgd and a daily average of 3.5 mgd.  Our total 
peak water supply capacity in Cecil County, Maryland currently is approximately 2.0 mgd.  We have 9 storage tanks capable of storing 
approximately 2.5 million gallons.  We believe that we have in place sufficient capacity to provide water service for the foreseeable 
future to all existing and new customers in all of our service territories. 

In Maryland, we have one interconnection with the Artesian Water system in Delaware, one interconnection with a neighboring utility, 
and four interconnections with municipalities.  These interconnections are capable of providing over 3.0 mgd of water to our Maryland 
systems. 

Artesian Water Pennsylvania 

Artesian  Water  Pennsylvania  began  operations  in  2002.    It  provides  water  service  to  a  residential  community  in  Chester  County, 
Pennsylvania.   

Artesian Wastewater 

Artesian Wastewater began providing wastewater services in Sussex County, Delaware in July 2005.  Artesian Wastewater is a regulated 
entity that owns wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure and provides wastewater services to customers in Delaware as a 
regulated public wastewater service company.   

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Artesian Wastewater owns and operates three wastewater treatment facilities, which, combined, are permitted to treat and/or dispose of 
approximately 2.3 mgd.  Artesian Wastewater and Sussex County, a political subdivision of Delaware, provide reciprocal services to 
address  the  need  of  each  for  additional  wastewater  treatment  and  disposal  capacity  in  certain  service  areas  within  Sussex 
County.  Artesian Wastewater  also owns  and operates  a disposal facility that includes a 90-million gallon storage lagoon and spray 
irrigation to agricultural land.  This facility provides treated process wastewater disposal services for an industrial customer at a rate up 
to 1.5 mgd.  We began operating this facility in June 2021. 

TESI 

In January 2022, Artesian Wastewater acquired Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc.   Artesian Wastewater operates as the parent 
holding company of Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater, or TESI.  TESI was incorporated in 2004 and is 
a regulated entity that owns wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure and provides wastewater services to customers in Sussex 
County, Delaware as a regulated public wastewater service company.  Artesian Wastewater purchased all of the stock of TESI from 
Middlesex Water Company, or Middlesex, for $6.4 million in cash and other consideration, including forgiveness of a $2.1 million note 
due  from  Middlesex.    This  acquisition  more  than  doubled  the  number  of  wastewater  customers  served  by  Artesian’s  Delaware 
wastewater subsidiaries in Sussex County, Delaware and included all residents within the Town of Milton, Delaware.   

TESI owns and operates seven wastewater treatment facilities, which, combined, are permitted to treat and/or dispose of approximately 
713,000 gallons per day. 

Artesian Wastewater Maryland 

Artesian Wastewater Maryland was incorporated on June 3, 2008 and is authorized and able to provide regulated wastewater services 
to customers in the State of Maryland.  It is currently not providing these services.   

Artesian Utility 

Artesian  Utility  was  formed  in  1996  and  designs  and  builds  water  and  wastewater  infrastructure  and  provides  contract  water  and 
wastewater operation services on the Delmarva Peninsula to private, municipal and governmental institutions.  Artesian Utility also 
evaluates land parcels, provides recommendations to developers on the size of water or wastewater facilities and the type of technology 
that  should  be  used  for  treatment  at  such  facilities  and  operates  water  and  wastewater  facilities  in  Delaware  for  municipal  and 
governmental  agencies.    Artesian  Utility  also  contracts  with  developers  and  government  agencies  for  design  and  construction  of 
wastewater infrastructure throughout the Delmarva Peninsula.   

Artesian  Utility  currently  operates  wastewater  treatment  facilities  for  the  Town  of  Middletown,  in  southern  New  Castle  County, 
Delaware,  or  Middletown,  under  a  20-year  contract  that  expires  in  July  2039.    Artesian Utility  currently  operates  three  wastewater 
treatment systems with a combined capacity of up to approximately 3.8 mgd.  The wastewater treatment facilities in Middletown provide 
reclaimed wastewater for use in spray irrigation on public and agricultural lands in the area. 

Artesian Utility also offers three protection plans to customers, the Water Service Line Protection Plan, or WSLP Plan, the Sewer Service 
Line Protection Plan, or SSLP Plan, and the Internal Service Line Protection Plan, or ISLP Plan (collectively, SLP Plans).  The WSLP 
Plan covers all parts, material and labor required to repair or replace participating customers' leaking water service lines up to an annual 
limit. The SSLP Plan covers all parts, material and labor required to repair or replace participating customers' leaking or clogged sewer 
lines  up  to  an  annual  limit.    The  ISLP  Plan  enhances  available  coverage  to  include  water  and  wastewater  lines  within  customers' 
residences up to an annual limit.  

Artesian Development 

Artesian  Development  is  a  real  estate  holding  company  that  owns  properties,  including  land  approved for  office  buildings,  a  water 
treatment  plant  and  wastewater  facility,  as  well  as  property  for  current  operations,  including  an  office  facility  in  Sussex  County, 
Delaware.  The office facility consists of approximately 10,000 square feet of office space along with approximately 7,000 square feet 
of warehouse space. 

Artesian Storm Water 

Artesian  Storm  Water,  incorporated  in  2017,  was  formed  to  provide  design,  installation,  maintenance  and  repair  services  related  to 
existing or proposed storm water management systems in Delaware and the surrounding areas.  In May 2023, the Board of Directors of 
Artesian  Storm  Water  unanimously  approved  its  dissolution.    Also,  in  May  2023,  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Artesian  Resources 
Corporation,  the  sole  shareholder  of  Artesian  Storm  Water,  unanimously  approved  the  dissolution  of  Artesian  Storm  Water.    The 
Company filed a Certificate of Dissolution with the Delaware Secretary of State, which became effective on June 20, 2023. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Government Regulations 

Overview 

The Company is subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations in all of the jurisdictions in which it operates.   

These  regulations  include  state  commission orders,  environmental  protection,  securities  and  exchange  activities,  including financial 
reporting and internal controls processes, data protection and privacy, tax compliance, health and safety, labor and employment practices, 
and other general business activities.   

State Regulatory Commission Matters 

Our water and wastewater utility operations are subject to regulation by their respective state regulatory commissions, which have broad 
administrative power and authority to regulate rates charged for service, determine franchise areas and conditions of service, approve 
acquisitions, authorize the issuance of securities and the incurrence of indebtedness, and other matters.  The profitability of our utility 
operations is influenced, to a great extent, by the timeliness and adequacy of regulatory relief we are granted by the respective regulatory 
commissions or authorities in the states in which we operate.  See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 13 – Regulatory 
Proceedings for a full description of recent regulatory proceedings.   

Service Territory Expansion 

In  Delaware,  a  CPCN  grants  a  water  or  wastewater  company  the  exclusive  right  to  serve  all  existing  and  new  customers  within  a 
designated area.  The Delaware Public Service Commission, or DEPSC, has the authority to issue and revoke these CPCNs.  In this 
Form 10-K, we may refer to CPCNs as "franchises" or "service territories." 

For a water company, the DEPSC may grant a CPCN under circumstances where there has been a determination that the water in the 
proposed service area does not meet the regulations governing drinking water standards of the Delaware Division of Public Health, or 
DPH, for human consumption or where the supply is insufficient to meet the projected demand.  For a wastewater company, the DEPSC 
has jurisdiction over non-governmental wastewater utilities having fifty or more customers in the aggregate.  A CPCN for water and 
wastewater utilities shall be granted by the DEPSC to applicants in possession of one of the following: 

− a signed service agreement with the developer of a proposed subdivision or development, which subdivision or development 

has been duly approved by the respective county government; 

− a petition requesting such service signed by a majority of the landowners of the proposed territory to be served; or 

− a duly certified copy of a resolution from the governing body of a county or municipality requesting the applicant to provide 

service to the proposed territory to be served. 

A water or wastewater utility that has a CPCN must obtain the approval of the DEPSC to abandon a service territory.  Once a CPCN is 
granted to a water or wastewater utility, it may not be suspended or terminated unless the DEPSC determines in accordance with its 
rules  and  regulations  that  good  cause  exists  for  any  such  suspension  or  termination.    Although  we  have  been  granted  an  exclusive 
franchise for each of our existing water and wastewater systems in Delaware, our ability to expand service areas can be affected by the 
DEPSC awarding franchises to other regulated water or wastewater utilities with whom we compete for such franchises. 

In Maryland, the Company must obtain approval from the appropriate local government authority for the ability to serve a particular 
area and also ensure that the acquired area is in the county’s master water and sewer plan.  The authority to exercise a franchise must 
then be obtained from the Maryland Public Service Commission, or MDPSC.  Utilities that seek to develop a franchise by constructing 
new facilities must obtain appropriate approvals from the Maryland Department of the Environment, or MDE, the local government and 
the MDPSC.  The utility must also obtain approval for soil and erosion plans and easement agreements from appropriate parties. 

Environmental Regulation  

The United States Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental 
Control, or DNREC, and DPH, regulate the water quality of our treatment and distribution systems in Delaware, as do the EPA and the 
MDE, with respect to our operations in Maryland.  The Chester Water Authority, which supplies water to Artesian Water through an 
interconnection in northern New Castle County,  and Artesian Water Pennsylvania, which also supplies water to Artesian Water, are 
regulated by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, or PADEP, as well as the EPA.  We believe that we are in 
material  compliance  with  all  current  federal,  state  and  local  water  quality  standards,  including  regulations  under  the  federal  Safe 
Drinking Water Act.  However, if new water quality regulations are too costly, or if we fail to comply with such regulations, it could 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and planned capital investments.   

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The water industry is capital intensive, with one of the highest levels of capital investment in plant and equipment per dollar of revenue 
among all utilities.  Increasingly stringent drinking water regulations adopted to meet the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act 
have  required  the  water  industry  to  invest  in  more  advanced  treatment  systems  and  processes,  which  require  a  heightened  level  of 
expertise.    We  have  made  significant  enhancements  to  existing  facilities  to  effectively  treat  and remove  compounds  as  required  by 
government agencies, such as ultra violet oxidation treatment, ceramic membrane filtration and carbon filtration.  We are currently in 
full compliance with the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act.  Even though our water utility was founded in 1905, the majority 
of our investment in infrastructure occurred in the last 40 years. 

As required by the Safe Drinking Water Act, the EPA has established maximum contaminant levels for various substances found in 
drinking water to ensure that the water is safe for human consumption.  These limits are known as Maximum Contaminant Levels and 
Maximum Residual Disinfection Levels.  The EPA also regulates how often public water systems monitor their water for contaminants 
and report the monitoring results to the individual state agencies or the EPA.  Generally, the larger the population served by a water 
system, the more frequent the monitoring and reporting requirements.  The Safe Drinking Water Act applies to all 50 states.  The EPA 
has recently proposed regulatory actions addressing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, including rules to confront PFAS 
contamination nationwide, with potentially significant implications.  The EPA issued a proposal to designate two of the most widely 
used PFAS as hazardous substances.  The EPA has also declared drinking water health advisory levels for PFAS.   

The Lead and Copper Rule, or LCR, is a United States federal regulation that limits the concentration of lead and copper allowed in 
public drinking water at the consumer's tap, in addition to limiting the permissible amount of pipe corrosion occurring due to the water 
itself.  The EPA first issued the rule in 1991 pursuant to the Safe Drinking Water Act.  The EPA promulgated the regulations following 
studies that concluded that copper and lead adversely affect an individual’s physical and mental health.  The LCR therefore sought to  
limit the levels of these metals in water by improving water treatment centers, determining copper and lead levels for customers who 
use lead plumbing parts, and eliminating the water source as a source of lead and copper.  If the lead and copper levels exceed the "action 
levels," water suppliers are required to educate their consumers on how to reduce exposure to lead.  The EPA published a revision to 
the LCR in 2021, with a compliance deadline of October 2024 for developing an inventory of lead service lines within a utility’s water 
system.  These revised requirements provide greater and more effective protection of public health by reducing exposure to lead and 
copper in drinking water. Implementation of the revised rule will identify locations of lead, improve the reliability of lead tap sampling 
results, strengthen corrosion control treatment requirements, expand consumer awareness and improve risk communication.  In addition, 
implementation  of  the  revised  rule  will  accelerate  lead  service  line  replacements  by  implementing  timelines  and  strengthening 
replacement requirements.  We are fully compliant with the current LCR and on schedule to be in compliance with the revised LCR 
ahead of the October 2024 compliance date.   

The DPH has set maximum contaminant levels for certain substances that are more restrictive than the maximum contaminant levels set 
by the EPA.  The DPH is the EPA's agent for enforcing the Safe Drinking Water Act in Delaware and, in that capacity, monitors the 
activities of Artesian  Water and reviews the results of water quality tests performed by Artesian Water for adherence to applicable 
regulations.  Artesian Water is also subject to other laws regulating substances and contaminants in water, including rules for volatile 
organic compounds and the Total Coliform Rule. 

A normal by-product of our iron removal treatment facilities is a solid consisting of the iron removed from untreated groundwater plus 
residue from chemicals used in the treatment process.  The solids produced at our facilities are either disposed directly into approved 
wastewater facilities or removed from our facilities by a licensed third-party vendor.  A normal by-product of our carbon adsorption 
filtration process is exhausted carbon media, which is disposed of by the contractor providing the media replacement.  Management 
believes that the costs of compliance with existing federal, state and local laws and regulations regulating the discharge of materials into 
the environment, or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, has had no material adverse effect upon the business and 
affairs of the Company, but there is no assurance that such compliance costs will continue to not have a material effect in the future. 

Under Delaware state laws and regulations, we are required to file applications with DNREC for water allocation permits for each of 
our operating wells pumping greater than 50,000 gallons per day.  For any wells in the Delaware River Basin, we must also file allocation 
permits with the Delaware River Basin Commission, or DRBC.  We have 142 operating and 62 observation and monitoring wells in our 
Delaware systems.  At December 31, 2023, we had allocation permits for 116 wells and 25 wells that did not require a permit.   

Our access to aquifers within our service territory is not exclusive.  Water allocation permits control the amount of water that can be 
drawn  from  water  resources  and  are  granted  with  specific  restrictions  on  water  level  draw  down  limits,  annual,  monthly  and  daily 
pumpage limits, and well field allocation pumpage limits.  We are also subject to water allocation regulations that control the amount 
of water that we can draw from water sources.  As a result, if new or more restrictive water allocation regulations are imposed, they 
could have an adverse effect on our ability to supply the demands of our customers, and in turn, our water supply revenues and results 
of operations.  Our ability to supply the demands of our customers historically has not been affected by private usage of the aquifers by 
landowners or the limits imposed by the State of Delaware. Because of the extensive regulatory requirements relating to the withdrawal 
of any significant amounts of water from the aquifers, we believe that third-party usage of the aquifers within our service territory will 
not interfere with our ability to meet the present and future demands of our customers.  

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  MDE  ensures  that  water  quality  and  quantity  at  all  public  water  systems  in  Maryland  meet  the  needs  of  the  public  and  are  in 
compliance with federal and state regulations.  The MDE also ensures that public drinking water systems provide safe and adequate 
water to all current and future users in Maryland and that appropriate usage, planning, and conservation policies are implemented for 
Maryland’s water resources. The MDE oversees the development of Source Water Assessments for water supplies and issues water 
appropriation permits for public drinking water systems.  In order to appropriate water for municipal, commercial, industrial or other 
non-domestic uses, a Water Appropriation Permit must be obtained.  Issuance of the permit involves evaluating the needs of the user 
and  the  potential  impact  of  the  withdrawal  on  neighboring  users  and  the  water  source  in  order  to  maximize  beneficial  use  of  the 
water.  Permits for large appropriations often involve conducting pump tests to measure adequacy of an aquifer and safe yield of a well, 
or reviewing stream flow records to determine the adequacy of a surface water source.  Regulations require all new community water 
systems to have sufficient technical, managerial and financial capacity to provide safe drinking water to their consumers prior to being 
issued a construction permit.  Also, capacity management guidance contains capacity limiting factors that can include source capacity, 
treatment capacity and appropriation permit quantity.  The quantity of water withdrawn from the Port Deposit surface water intake is 
allocated by the Susquehanna River Basin Commission, or SRBC, and the MDE.  We have 14 operating wells and one surface water in-
take in our Maryland systems. 

The  PADEP administers and oversees departmental programs involving surface and groundwater quantity and quality planning and 
water conservation in Pennsylvania.  The office also coordinates policies, procedures, and regulations which influence public water 
supply  withdrawals  and  quality.    The  DRBC  administers  and  oversees  programs  involving  water  quality  protection,  water  supply 
allocation,  water  conservation  initiatives  and  watershed  planning,  regulatory  review  and  permitting,  and  drought  management  in 
Pennsylvania.  We have one operating well in Pennsylvania within the DRBC’s jurisdiction.  This well is treated by a water treatment 
plant located in Delaware.   

The  Clean  Water  Act  has  established  the  foundation  for  wastewater  discharge  control  in  the  United  States.   The  Clean  Water  Act 
established  a  control  program  for  ensuring  that  communities  have  clean  water  by  regulating  the  release  of  contaminants  into 
waterways.   Permits  that  limit  the  amounts  of  pollutants  discharged  are  required  for  all  wastewater  dischargers  under  the  National 
Pollutant  Discharge  Elimination  System,  or  the  NPDES,  permit  program.   In  accordance  with  the  NPDES  permit  program,  the 
implementing  states  set  maximum  discharge  limits  for  wastewater  effluents  and  overflows  from  wastewater  collection  systems. 
Discharges that exceed the limits specified under the NPDES permit program can lead to the imposition of penalties.  The Clean Water 
Act also requires that wastewater treatment plant discharges meet a minimum of secondary treatment.  The secondary treatment process 
can remove 90% to 99% of the organic matter in wastewater.  Our removal efficiency is generally 96% to 98%.  

Under Delaware state laws and regulations, we are required to hold a permit from DNREC for the construction, operation, maintenance 
or  repair  of  any  on-site  wastewater  treatment  and  disposal  systems  with  daily  design  flow  rates  of  2,500  gallons  or  greater.    A 
classification on the facility is performed in accordance with Regulations Licensing Operators of Wastewater Facilities.  The class of 
operator required for the facility is determined by the Board of Certification for Licensed Wastewater Operations in accordance with 
Regulations Licensing Operators of Wastewater Facilities.  We work to ensure that we operate environmentally friendly wastewater 
systems that meet federal, state and local laws. 

Additional General Information 

Seasonality 

Substantially  all  of  our  water  customers  are  metered,  which  allows  us  to  measure  and  bill  for  our  customers’  water  consumption.  
Demand  for  water  during  the  warmer  months  is  generally  greater  than  during  cooler  months  primarily  due  to  additional  customer 
requirements for water in connection with cooling systems, swimming pools, irrigation systems and other outside water use.  Throughout 
the year, and particularly during typically warmer months, demand for water will vary with temperature and rainfall.  In the event that 
temperatures during the typically warmer months are cooler than expected, or there is more rainfall than expected, the demand for water 
may decrease and our revenues may be adversely affected. 

Competition 

Our business in our franchised service areas is substantially free from direct competition with other public utilities, municipalities and 
other entities.  However, our ability to provide additional water and wastewater services is subject to competition from other public 
utilities, municipalities and other entities.  Even though our regulated subsidiaries have been granted an exclusive franchise for each of 
our existing community water and wastewater systems, our ability to expand service areas can be affected by the DEPSC, the MDPSC 
or the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, or PAPUC, awarding franchises to other regulated water or wastewater utilities with 
whom we compete for such franchises. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Suppliers and Independent Contractors 

We are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers and independent contractors to meet performance specifications, quality standards 
and delivery schedules at our anticipated costs.  While we maintain an extensive qualification and performance review system to control 
risk associated with such reliance on third parties, failure of suppliers or independent contractors to meet commitments could adversely 
affect construction and maintenance schedules.  We are also dependent on the availability of electricity and purchased water at affordable 
prices.  Our electric costs and purchased water costs are at a fixed price under contract.   

Employees and Human Capital Resources  

As  of  December  31,  2023,  we  employed  251  full-time  employees.    Of  these  employees,  59  were  officers  and managers;  119  were 
employed as operations personnel, including engineers, technicians, draftsman, maintenance and repair persons, meter readers and utility 
personnel;  and  38  were  employed  in  accounting,  budgeting,  information  systems,  human  resources,  customer  relations  and  public 
relations.  The remaining 35 employees were administrative personnel.  The Company has no collective bargaining agreements with 
any of its employees, and its work force is not union organized or union represented.  We believe that our relations with our employees 
are good. Through ongoing employee development, competitive compensation and benefits, and a focus on health, safety and employee 
wellbeing, we strive to help our employees in all aspects of their lives.   

We believe the Company’s success depends on its ability to attract, develop and retain key personnel.  We provide our employees with 
resources that contribute to their professional development, including technical training and performance reviews.  A core principle of 
our company is to promote from within and offer advancement opportunities at all levels of employment, which helps us retain talented 
employees.  We believe our management team has the experience, talent and dedication necessary to effectively execute our business 
goals and growth strategy.  We recognize that the skills, experience, diversity, industry knowledge and dedication of our employees 
significantly benefit our operations and performance.   

We set pay ranges based on market data. When considering compensation, we consider factors such as an employee’s role, experience, 
and his or her performance.  We regularly review our compensation practices, both in terms of our overall workforce and individual 
employees, to ensure our compensation is fair and equitable.  

Health and safety in the workplace for our employees is one of the Company’s core values.  Hazards in the workplace are proactively 
identified and actions are taken to maintain workplace safety.  We sponsor a wellness program designed to enhance physical, financial, 
and mental wellbeing for all our employees.  Throughout the year, we encourage healthy behaviors through regular communications, 
educational sessions and other incentives.   

We  use  outside  consultants  and  independent  contractors  on  an  as  needed  basis  for  various  services.    We  rely  on  our  independent 
contractors to manage their respective employee relations so that the services they are contractually obligated to perform for us satisfy 
our  requirements.    Management  believes  that  through  our  own  employees,  coupled  with  the  services  provided  by  our  independent 
contractors and outside consultants, we have sufficient human capital to continue to operate our business successfully.   

Available Information 

We are a Delaware corporation with our principal executive offices located at 664 Churchmans Road, Newark, Delaware, 19702. Our 
telephone number is (302) 453-6900 and our website address is www.artesianwater.com.  We make available free of charge through our 
website our Code of Ethics, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all 
amendments  to  those  reports,  our  Corporate  Governance  Guidelines,  and  our  Board  Committee  Charters  as  soon  as  reasonably 
practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. We 
include our website address in this Annual Report on Form 10-K only as an inactive textual reference and do not intend it to be an active 
link to our website.  Information contained on our website shall not be deemed incorporated into, or to be a part of, this report.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS 

We are exposed to a variety of risks and uncertainties.  Most are general risks and uncertainties applicable to all water and wastewater 
utility  companies.    We  describe  below  some  of  the  specific  known  risk  factors  that  could  negatively  affect  our  business,  financial 
condition or results of operations.  If one or more of these risks or uncertainties  occur, actual results may vary materially from our 
projections.   

Risks Related to Our Operations 

We are dependent upon the ability of our suppliers and independent contractors to meet performance specifications, quality standards 
and delivery schedules at our anticipated costs.   

While we  maintain an extensive  qualification and performance review system to control risk associated with such reliance on third 
parties,  failure  of  suppliers  or  independent  contractors  to  meet  commitments  could  adversely  affect  construction  and  maintenance 
schedules and our results of operations and financial condition.  We have been affected and could continue to be affected by supplier 
delays and increased costs, due to the impacts of inflation, which are outside of our control and could affect our results of operations.  
We  are  also  dependent  on  the  availability  of  electricity  and  purchased  water  at  affordable  prices.    While  our  electricity  costs  and 
purchased  water  costs  are  at fixed prices  under  contracts, after  the  expiration of  these  contracts,  we  may be required  to pay  higher 
electricity costs and purchased water costs. 

We are subject to risks associated with the collection, treatment and disposal of wastewater. 

Wastewater collection, treatment and disposal involve various unique risks.  If collection or treatment systems fail, overflow, or do not 
operate  properly,  untreated  wastewater  or  other  contaminants  could  spill  onto  nearby  properties  or  into  nearby  streams  and  rivers, 
causing damage to persons or property, injury to wildlife and economic damages, which may not be recoverable in fees.  This risk is 
most acute during periods of substantial rainfall or flooding, which are common causes of sewer overflow and system failure.  Liabilities 
resulting from such damages and injuries could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 

Aging infrastructure may lead to service disruptions, property damage and increased capital expenditures and operation and 
management costs, all of which could negatively impact our financial results. 

We  have  risks  associated  with  aging  infrastructure,  including  water  and  sewer  mains,  pumping  stations  and  water  and  wastewater 
treatment facilities. Additionally, the nature of information available on buried and newly acquired assets may be limited, which may 
challenge our ability to conduct efficient asset management and maintenance practices. Assets that have aged beyond their expected 
useful lives may experience a higher rate of failure. Failure of aging infrastructure could result in increased  capital expenditures and 
operation and management costs. In addition, failure of aging infrastructure may result in property damage, and in safety, environmental 
and public health impacts. To the extent that any increased costs or expenditures are not fully recovered in rates, our results of operations, 
liquidity and cash flows could be negatively impacted. 

Potential  terrorist  attacks  or  sabotage  may  disrupt  our  operations  and  adversely  affect  our  business,  operating  results  and  financial 
condition. 

We are subject to possible sabotage of our water and wastewater systems, including vandalism causing an interruption in water supply 
and a reduction in water quality, and terrorism causing contamination of the water supply and a reduction in water quality.  We have 
security measures in place at our facilities to reduce the possibility of occurrences of sabotage, vandalism, or terrorism and to secure our 
water  and  wastewater  systems.    These  security  measures  address  water  collection,  pretreatment,  treatment,  distribution,  storage, 
wastewater  disposal,  electronic  or  automated  systems,  and the  use,  handling,  delivery,  and  storage of  all  chemicals.    We  also  have 
programs in place to ensure employee awareness of potential threats.  We have and will continue to bear any increase in costs, most of 
which  have  been  recoverable  under  state  regulatory  policies,  for  security  precautions  to  protect  our  facilities,  operations  and 
supplies.  While the costs of increases in security, including capital expenditures, may be significant, we expect these costs to continue 
to be recoverable in water and wastewater rates.  Despite our security measures, we may not be in a position to control the outcome of 
terrorist events, sabotage or other attacks on our water systems, should they occur. 

We  depend on  the  availability  of  capital  for  expansion,  construction  and  maintenance. Weaknesses  in  capital  and  credit  markets  or 
increased interest rates may limit our access to capital. 

Our ability to continue our expansion efforts and fund our utility construction and maintenance program depends on the availability of 
adequate capital.  There is no guarantee that we will be able to obtain sufficient capital in the future on favorable terms and conditions, 
such as changes in market conditions and events beyond our control, most recently increases to interest rates, for expansion, construction 
and maintenance.  In the event our lines of credit are not extended or we are unable to refinance our first mortgage bonds when due and 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the borrowings are called for payment, we will have to seek alternative financing sources, although there can be no assurance that these 
alternative financing sources will be available on terms acceptable to us.  In the event we are unable to obtain sufficient capital, our 
expansion efforts could be curtailed, which may affect our growth and may affect our future results of operations. 

We may be adversely affected by global climate change or by regulatory, legal or market responses to such change.  

The issue of climate variability is receiving increasing attention nationally and worldwide.  Climate change is an intrinsically complex 
global phenomenon with inherent residual risks across its physical and regulatory dimensions that cannot be mitigated given their wide-
ranging, interdependent and largely unpredictable potential scope, nature, timing or duration.  Some climate researchers believe that 
there will be worsening of weather volatility in the future associated with climate variability, which presents several potential challenges 
to water and wastewater utilities.  Severe weather, climate variability patterns and natural or other events may cause weather volatility 
in the future and may impact water usage and related revenue, or may require additional expenditures, all of which may not be fully 
recoverable in rates or otherwise.   

We may experience substantial negative impacts to our business if an unexpectedly severe weather event or natural disaster damages 
our  facilities  and/or  operations  or  those  of  our  suppliers  or  independent  contractors  in  our  service  areas,  or  from  the  unintended 
consequences of regulatory changes that directly or indirectly impose substantial restrictions on our activities or adaptation requirements.  
Potential climate variability challenges include the following: increased frequency and duration of droughts, increased precipitation and 
flooding,  increased  frequency  and  severity  of  storms  and  other  weather  events,  potential  degradation  of  water  quality,  unexpected 
changes in temperature, increases in ocean levels, disruptions in water or wastewater services to our customers, decreases in available 
water supply, extreme changes in water usage patterns, increases in expenditures to repair any damages, increases in costs to reduce 
risks associated with significant weather events or natural disasters, and increases in costs to improve the reliability of our water and 
wastewater  systems  and  facilities.    Due  to  the  uncertainty  of  weather  volatility  related  to  climate  variability,  we  cannot  predict  its 
potential impact on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.  Although some or all potential expenditures 
and costs with respect to our regulated businesses could be recovered through rates we charge to our customers, there can be no assurance 
that the applicable regulatory authority would authorize recovery of such costs, in whole or in part, for any of these impacts. 

Furthermore, federal, state and local authorities and legislative bodies have issued, implemented or proposed regulations, penalties, 
standards and/or guidance intended to restrict, moderate or promote activities consistent with resource conservation, Greenhouse Gas, 
or  GHG,  emission  reduction,  environmental  protection  or  other  climate-related  objectives.    Compliance  with  those  directed  at  or 
otherwise affecting our business or our suppliers’ (or their suppliers’) operations, or services,  could lead to increased environmental 
compliance expenditures, increased energy and raw materials costs and new and/or additional investment in designs and technologies.  
We continually assess our compliance status and management of environmental matters to ensure our operations are in compliance with 
all  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations.    It  is  reasonably  possible  that  costs  incurred  related  to  the  various  physical  and 
regulatory risks from climate change may affect our future results of operations, financial condition, cash flows or liquidity.  While we 
have  health  and  safety  protocols  in  place,  we  can  provide  no  assurance  that  we  or  our  suppliers  or  independent  contractors  can 
successfully operate in areas experiencing a significant weather event or natural disaster, and we or they may be more significantly 
impacted and take longer, and incur higher costs, to resume operations in an affected location, depending on the nature of the event or 
other circumstances.  Although some or all potential expenditures and costs with respect to our regulated businesses could be recovered 
through rates we charge to our customers, there can be no assurance that the applicable regulatory authority would authorize recovery 
of such costs, in whole or in part, for any of these impacts. 

Though  we  have  not  as  of  the  date  of  this  report  identified  or  experienced  any  particular  material  impact,  whether  singular  or  in 
combination,  to  our  consolidated  financial  statements  from  climate  change  or  the  associated  regulatory,  physical,  and  other  risks 
discussed above, we cannot provide any assurance that we have or can successfully prepare for, or are or will be able to reduce or 
manage any of them to the extent they may arise.  In addition, the SEC has proposed extensive climate-related disclosure rules, which, 
if adopted, would likely result in increased compliance costs and capital expenditures.   

Risks Related to Governmental Laws and Regulations 

We  rely  on  governmental  approvals  in  the  States  of  Delaware  and  Maryland  and  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania,  as  well  as 
approvals from the Delaware River Basin Commission and Susquehanna River Basin Commission for applicable water allocation, water 
appropriation  and  water  capacity  permits.    In  addition,  we  rely  on  governmental  approvals  in  the  State  of  Delaware  for  applicable 
wastewater collection, treatment and disposal permits for the operation of our wastewater facilities.    

Our water and wastewater services are governed by various federal and state governmental agencies.  Pursuant to these regulations, we 
are required to obtain various permits for any additional systems and current systems to assist in our operations.  If any of those permit 
approvals are not received timely or at all, we may risk the loss of economic opportunity and our ability to create additional systems for 
the effective operation of our water business in Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania or our wastewater business in Delaware.  We can 
provide no assurances that we will receive all necessary permits to add systems or continue to operate facilities of our water or wastewater 
business. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our operating revenue is primarily from water sales.  The rates that we charge our customers are subject to the regulations of the public 
service commissions in the states in which we operate.   If a public service commission disapproves or is unable to timely approve our 
requests for rate increases or approves rate increases that are inadequate to cover our investments, deferred regulatory assets or increased 
costs, our profitability may suffer. 

We file rate increase requests, from time to time, to recover our investments in utility plant, deferred regulatory assets and expenses, see 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 13 – Regulatory Proceedings.  Once a rate increase petition is filed with a public 
service commission, the ensuing administrative and hearing process may be lengthy and costly.  We can provide no assurances that any 
future rate increase request will be approved by the DEPSC, MDPSC or PAPUC, and if approved, we cannot guarantee that these rate 
increases will be granted in a timely manner and/or will be sufficient in amount to cover the investments, deferred regulatory assets and 
expenses for which we initially sought the rate increase.  To the extent we are able to pass through such costs to customers and a state 
public service commission subsequently determines that such costs should not have been paid by customers, we may be required to 
refund such costs, with interest, to customers.  Any such costs not recovered through rates, or any such refund, could adversely affect 
our results of operations, financial position or cash flows.  

Our water and wastewater operations are subject to extensive federal and state laws and regulations.  In addition, our operating costs 
and  capital  expenditures  could  be  significantly  increased  if  new  or  stricter  regulatory  standards  are  imposed  by  federal  or  state 
environmental agencies. 

We are subject to various federal, state, and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, including the discharge, 
treatment, storage, disposal and remediation of hazardous substances and wastes.  Our water and wastewater services are governed by 
various federal and state environmental protection and health and safety laws and regulations, including, among others, the federal Safe 
Drinking Water Act, the Clean Water Act, the LCR and other federal and state laws.  These federal and state regulations are issued by 
the EPA and state environmental regulatory agencies.  Pursuant to these laws and regulations, we are required to obtain various water 
allocation permits and environmental permits for our operations.  The water allocation permits control the amount of water that can be 
drawn from water resources.  New or stricter water allocation regulations can adversely affect our ability to meet the demands of our 
customers.   While  we  have  budgeted  for  future  capital  and  operating  expenditures  to  maintain  compliance  with  these  laws  and  our 
permits, it is possible that new or stricter standards would be imposed that will raise our operating costs and capital expenditures.  Thus, 
we can provide no assurances that our costs of complying with, or discharging liability under, current and future environmental and 
health and safety laws will not adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. 

Risks Related to Our Financial Statements and Operating Results 

Our business is subject to seasonal fluctuations, which could affect demand for our water service and our revenues. 

Demand  for  water  during  warmer  months  is  generally  greater  than  during  cooler  months  primarily  due  to  additional  customer 
requirements in irrigation systems, swimming pools, cooling systems and other outside water use.  In the event that temperatures during 
typically warmer months are cooler than normal, or rainfall is more than normal, the demand for our water may decrease and adversely 
affect our revenues. 

Drought conditions and government-imposed water use restrictions may impact our ability to serve our current and future customers, 
and may impact our customers’ use of our water, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 

We believe that we have in place sufficient capacity to provide water service for the foreseeable future to all existing and new customers 
in all of our service territories.  However, severe drought conditions could interfere with our sources of water supply and could adversely 
affect our ability to supply water in sufficient quantities to our existing and future customers.  This may adversely affect our revenues 
and earnings.  Moreover, governmental restrictions on water usage during drought conditions may result in a decreased demand for 
water, which may adversely affect our revenue and earnings. 

General economic conditions may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. 

The effects of adverse U.S. economic conditions may lead to a number of impacts on our business that may materially and adversely 
affect our financial condition and results of operations.  Such impacts may include a reduction in discretionary and recreational water 
use  by  our  residential  water  customers,  particularly  during  the  summer  months;  a  decline  in  usage  by  industrial  and  commercial 
customers as a result of decreased business activity and commerce in our customers’ businesses; an increased incidence of customers’ 
inability to pay their bills, bankruptcy or delay in paying their bills which may lead to higher bad debt expense and reduced cash flow; 
and a lower natural customer growth rate may result as compared to what had been experienced before due to a decline in new housing 
starts or a decline in the number of active customers due to housing vacancies or abandonments. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We could be adversely impacted by inflation.  

We  have  been  affected  and  could  continue  to  be  affected by  increased  costs  for  items  such  as,  among  others,  materials  for  capital 
expenditures, fuel, and treatment chemicals, due to the impacts of inflation.  If inflation increases significantly, we may seek to increase 
our rates charged to customers.  We can provide no assurances that any future rate increase request will be approved by the applicable 
regulatory authority, and if approved, we  cannot guarantee that any rate  increase will be granted in a timely manner and/or will be 
sufficient in amount to cover costs for which we initially sought the rate increase.  The impact of inflation could adversely affect our 
results of operations, financial position or cash flows. 

We may be required to record impairments of goodwill, or otherwise change the fair value of certain assets, in the future that could have 
a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. 

The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified 
tangible and intangible assets acquired as of the date of an acquisition.  The Company’s goodwill is associated with the January 2022 
acquisition of Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc.  Goodwill is not amortized, but is evaluated for impairment at least annually, or 
more frequently, if impairment indicators are present that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its 
carrying amount.  We may be required to recognize in the future an impairment of goodwill due to market conditions, or other factors 
related to our performance or the performance of an acquired business, or other circumstances that may impact the fair value  of assets 
acquired.  Recognition of impairments of goodwill and changes in fair value of certain of our assets would result in a charge to income 
in the period in which the impairment or change occurred, which may negatively affect our financial condition, results of operations and 
total capitalization.   

Risks Related to Our Business Strategy 

We face competition from other water and wastewater utilities for the acquisition of new exclusive service territories. 

We face competition from other water and wastewater utilities as we pursue the right to exclusively serve new territories in Delaware 
and  Maryland.   We  address  this  competition  by  entering  into  agreements  with  landowners,  developers or  municipalities  and,  under 
current law, then applying to the DEPSC or the MDPSC for a CPCN.  If we  are unable to enter into agreements with landowners, 
developers or municipalities and secure CPCNs for the right to exclusively serve new territories in Delaware or Maryland, our ability to 
expand may be significantly impeded. 

Any future acquisitions we undertake or other actions to further grow our water and wastewater business may involve risks. 

An element of our growth strategy is the acquisition and integration of water and wastewater systems in order to broaden our  current 
service  areas  and  move  into new  ones.  It  is  our  intent,  when  practical,  to  integrate  any  organizations  we  acquire  with  our  existing 
operations.  The  negotiation  of  potential  acquisitions  as  well  as  the  integration  of  acquired  organizations  could  require  us  to  incur 
significant costs and cause diversion of our management’s time and resources.  We may not be successful in the future in identifying 
organizations that meet our acquisition criteria.  The failure to identify such organizations may limit the rate of our growth.  In addition, 
future acquisitions or expansion of our service areas by us could result in: 

Incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities; 

−  Dilutive issuance of our equity securities; 
− 
−  Difficulties in integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired organization; 
−  Diversion of our management’s attention from ongoing business concerns; 
−  Failure to have effective internal control over financial reporting; 
−  Overload of human capital resources; and 
−  Other acquisition-related expense. 

Some or all of these items could have a material adverse effect on our business and our ability to finance our business and comply with 
regulatory  requirements.    The  organizations  we  acquire  in the  future  may not  achieve  sales  and  profitability  that  would  justify  our 
investment. 

We also may experience risks relating to the challenges and costs of closing a transaction and the risk that an announced transaction 
may  not  close.   Completion  of  certain  acquisition  transactions  are  conditioned  upon,  among  other  things,  the  receipt  of  approvals, 
including from certain state public utilities commissions.  The timeliness and outcome of those state public utilities commissions could 
hinder future acquisitions and any failure to complete a pending transaction would prevent us from realizing the anticipated benefits.  
We would also remain liable for significant transaction costs, including legal and accounting fees, whether or not the transaction is 
completed. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Legal Uncertainty 

Contamination of our water supply or wastewater operational malfunctions may result in disruption in our services and could lead to 
litigation that may adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. 

Our water supplies are subject to contamination from naturally-occurring compounds as well as pollution resulting from man-made 
sources.  Even though we monitor the quality of our water on an ongoing basis, any possible contamination could interrupt the use of 
our water supply until we are able to substitute it from an uncontaminated water source.  Additionally, treating the contaminated water 
source could involve significant costs and could adversely affect our business.  We could also be held liable for consequences arising 
out of human or environmental exposure to hazardous substances, if found, in our water supply.  If wastewater collection or treatment 
systems fail, overflow, or do not operate properly, untreated wastewater or other contaminants could spill onto nearby properties or into 
nearby streams and rivers, causing damage to persons or property, injury to wildlife and economic damages for which we could be held 
liable.  Any such occurrence could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. 

We are subject to various laws and regulations that could expose us to governmental investigations or actions by other third parties. 

We are subject to various federal and state laws and regulations, including environmental laws and regulations, violations of which can 
involve civil or criminal sanctions.  

Our  Company  from  time  to  time  could  be  parties  to  or  our  operations  targets  of,  lawsuits,  claims,  investigations  and  proceedings, 
including system failure, injury, contract, environmental, health and safety and employment matters, which are handled and defended 
in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.   The  results  of  any  future  litigation  or  settlement  of  such  lawsuits  and  claims  are  inherently 
unpredictable, but such outcomes could also materially and adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations. 

Risk Related to Cybersecurity and Technology 

We are dependent on the continuous and reliable operation of our information technology systems that require, potentially costly, 
maintenance and could become subject to cyberattacks disrupting our operations. 

We rely on our information technology systems to manage operation of our business.  Specifically, our business relies on the following 
technology systems, among others: customer information system, financial reporting system, asset tracking system, remote monitoring 
system for some of our treatment, storage and pumping facilities, human resources management system, inventory management system, 
and accounts receivable collection management system.  Such systems require periodic modifications, upgrades or replacement that 
subject us to inherent costs and risks, including substantial capital expenditures, additional administration and operating expenses, and 
other risks and costs of delays in transitioning to new systems or of integrating new systems into our current systems.  Our computer 
and  communications  systems  and operations  could  be damaged  or  interrupted  by natural  disasters,  power  loss,  telecommunications 
failures or acts of war or terrorism, sabotage, theft or similar events or disruptions.  A loss of these systems or major problems with the 
operation of these systems could affect our operations and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. 

To date, there have been no risks identified from cybersecurity threats or previous cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected 
or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect  the  company.    Despite  our  efforts,  a  cyberattack,  if  it  occurred,  could  cause  water  or 
wastewater system operational complications, disrupt service to our customers, compromise important data or systems or result in an 
unintended release of customer or other confidential information.  Possible impacts associated with a cyberattack could also include 
remediation costs related to lost, stolen, or compromised data, repairs to information technology and data processing systems, increased 
cyber security protection costs, adverse effects on our compliance with regulatory and environmental laws and regulations, including 
standards for water and wastewater utility providers, and litigation.  We feel we have adequate cybersecurity insurance coverage to 
mitigate the cost of any such cyberattack; however, a possible cyberattack could affect our operations and have a material adverse effect 
on our business and results of operations.  We have implemented, and will continue to internally monitor and manage, business processes 
to support our cybersecurity program.  For additional information  concerning the Company’s cybersecurity program, see Item 1C  - 
Cybersecurity. 

Risk Associated with Management 

Turnover in our management team could have an adverse impact on our business or the financial market’s perception of our ability to 
continue to grow. 

Our success depends significantly on the continued contribution of our management team both individually and collectively. The loss 
of the services of any member of our management team or the inability to hire and retain experienced  management personnel could 
harm our operating results.  In addition, turnover in our management team could adversely affect the financial market’s perception of 
our ability to continue to grow. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risks Related to Our Common Stock 

There can be no assurance that we will continue to pay dividends in the future or, if dividends are paid, that they will be in amounts 
similar to past dividends. 

Dividends on our common stock will only be paid if and when declared by our Board of Directors.  Our earnings, financial condition, 
capital requirements, applicable regulations and other factors, including the timeliness and adequacy of rate increases, will determine 
both our ability to pay dividends on common stock and the amount of the dividends declared by our Board of Directors.  There can be 
no assurance that we will continue to pay dividends in the future or, if dividends are paid, that they will be in amounts similar to past 
dividends. 

Holders of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock have no voting rights.  As a result, holders of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock will 
not have any ability to influence stockholder decisions. 

We have two classes of common stock, Class A Non-Voting Common Stock and Class B Common Stock. Under our Restated Certificate 
of Incorporation, the right to vote for the election of directors and other stockholder matters is exercised exclusively by the holders  of 
Class B Common Stock.  The holders of our Class A Non-Voting Common Stock do not have voting rights on any matters that are 
submitted to a vote of stockholders, including with respect to the election of directors and other matters voted upon by stockholders, 
except as required by the Delaware General Corporation Law.  The principal stockholders have significant control over the outcome of 
most fundamental corporate matters.   

The price of our common stock may be volatile and may be affected by market conditions beyond our control. 

The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate in the future based on a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control 
and unrelated to our financial results.  Factors that could cause fluctuations in the trading price of our common stock include but are not 
limited to volatility of the general stock market or the utility stock index, regulatory developments, general economic conditions and 
trends, actual or anticipated changes or fluctuations in our results of operations, actual or anticipated changes in the expectations of 
investors or securities analysts, actual or anticipated developments in our competitors’ businesses or the competitive landscape generally, 
litigation involving us or our industry, major catastrophic events or sales of large blocks of our stock.   Furthermore, we believe that 
stockholders invest in public utility stocks in part because they seek reliable dividend payments.  If there is an oversupply of stock of 
public utilities in the market relative to demand by such investors, the trading price of our common stock may decrease.  Additionally, 
if interest rates rise above the dividend yield offered by our common stock, demand for our stock and its trading price may also decrease. 

Risk Related to Pandemics 

Our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and stock price may be adversely affected by pandemics, epidemics 
or other public health emergencies. 

Our business, results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and stock price may be adversely affected by pandemics, epidemics 
or other  public  health  emergencies.    We  are  considered  an  essential  utility  service  company,  as  defined  by  the  U.S. Department of 
Homeland Security.  We believe we will continue to operate our business consistent with any federal guidelines or state and local orders, 
however, the outbreak of pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies and any preventive or protective actions taken by 
governmental authorities may have an adverse effect on our operations.   

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

None. 

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY 

There  have  been  an  increasing  number  of  cyberattacks  on  companies  around  the  world,  which  have  caused  operational  failures, 
compromised sensitive corporate or customer data, and/or resulted in significant financial damages.  These attacks have occurred over 
the internet, through malware, viruses or attachments to e-mails, or through inside actors with access to systems within the organization.  

Risk Management and Strategy 

We have implemented security measures and will continue to devote resources to address security vulnerabilities in an effort to prevent 
cyberattacks.    All  employees  receive  cybersecurity  training  and  other  education  regarding  their  use  of  computers,  information 
technology,  and  sensitive  data.    We  utilize  third  parties  to  support  our  information  technology,  or  IT,  resources,  including  disaster 
recovery intended to safeguard our ability to access and use our IT resources during a disaster or cyber incident.  Our business continuity 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
plans  are  evaluated  against  evolving  security  and  service  level  standards,  which  includes  evaluating  those  cybersecurity  threats 
associated with our use of key third party service providers.    

Our  cybersecurity  management  process  consists  of  utilizing  a  combination  of  employee  education,  preventative  controls,  detective 
controls,  and  periodic  third-party  cybersecurity  testing.    We  have  installed  and  utilize  enterprise  scale  technology  to  support  an 
appropriate cybersecurity posture including: endpoint detection and response, firewalls, security information and event management, 
email security, multifactor authentication, and vulnerability management.  We receive cybersecurity related alerts from our membership 
in a number of industry groups.  These alerts are evaluated and in the event an alert requires action within our environment, such actions 
are  taken  promptly.  Our  process  and  cybersecurity  posture  is  refined  based  on  the  results  of  periodic  third  party  cybersecurity 
assessments.    We  engage  with  the  Cybersecurity  and  Infrastructure  Security  Agency  through  their  cyber  hygiene  service  offerings.  
Cybersecurity  is  addressed  in  IT’s  reports  to  the  Corporate  Automation  Steering  Committee,  which  consists  of  all  Officers  and  the 
Director of Customer Service, as well as in IT’s reports to the Board of Directors.  Should a cyber event occur, depending on the severity 
of an event, our cyber incident reporting process includes informing, as early as practicable, our senior corporate management.  

Governance 

The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, as overseen by the full Board of Directors, is responsible for oversight of cybersecurity 
risk.  Our IT executives report on our cybersecurity practices and risks at each meeting of the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.  
In addition, our IT executives provide periodic updates on cybersecurity risks to our management at regularly held executive committee 
meetings.  Should any cybersecurity threat or incident be detected, our IT executives would timely report such threat or incident to the 
management executive committee and provide regular communications and updates to the executive committee throughout the incident 
and any subsequent investigation, in order that the impact, materiality, and reporting requirements of such incident are appropriately 
identified and assessed for further necessary or appropriate action to be taken.  Any incident identified by the management executive 
committee as having a material impact would be promptly escalated to all members of the Board of Directors.  Should there be  an 
incident which does not rise to the level of being material, such incident would, at minimum, be included in the subsequent IT reports 
to both the management executive committee and the Board of Directors.  

We believe we are appropriately staffed to support a healthy cybersecurity posture.  All IT personnel have a combination of professional 
experience, education, and/or certifications for their area of responsibility.  For IT leadership, our Chief Information Officer earned a 
Masters of Business Administration and also a Master of Science degree in Information Systems & Technology Management.  Our Vice 
President of Information Technology earned a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Business and a Bachelor of Science in 
Business and Economics.  The Vice President of Information Technology is also a Certified Public Accountant, a Certified Information 
Systems Auditor, and a Chartered Global Management Accountant.  Our Director of Cybersecurity earned an Associates Degree in 
Computer Network Engineering and is a Certified Information Systems Security Professional.   

To date, there have been no risks identified from cybersecurity threats or previous cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected 
or are reasonably likely to materially affect the company.  However, despite all of the above aforementioned efforts, a cyberattack, if it 
occurred, could cause water or wastewater system operational problems, disrupt service to our customers, compromise important data 
or systems or result in an unintended release of customer or other confidential information.  See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related 
to Cybersecurity and Technology” for additional discussion of cybersecurity risks impacting our Company. 

ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES 

Our corporate headquarters are located at 664 Churchmans Road, Newark, Delaware and are owned by Artesian Water. 

The Company owns approximately six acres of land in New Castle County, Delaware zoned for office development and two nine-acre 
parcels of land in Sussex County, Delaware for water and wastewater treatment facilities and an elevated water storage.  The Company 
also owns an office facility located in Sussex County, Delaware.  The facility consists of approximately 10,000 square feet of office 
space along with approximately 10,000 square feet of warehouse space. 

The Company owns land, rights-of-way, easements, transmission and distribution mains, collection mains, pump facilities, treatment 
plants, lift stations, treatment/disposal facilities, storage tanks, meters, vehicles and related equipment and facilities.  The following table 
indicates our utility plant as of December 31, 2023. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utility plant comprises: 
In thousands 

Utility plant at original cost 

Utility plant in service-Water 

Intangible plant 
Source of supply plant 
Pumping and water treatment plant 
Transmission and distribution plant 

Mains 
Services 
Storage tanks 
Meters 
Hydrants 
General plant 

Utility plant in service-Wastewater 

Intangible plant 
Treatment and disposal plant 
Collection mains and lift stations 
General plant 

Property held for future use 
Construction work in progress 

Less – accumulated depreciation 

Estimated 
Useful Life 
 (In Years)    December 31, 2023 

---    $ 
45-85      
8-62      

81      
39      
76      
26      
60      
5-31      

---    
21-81      
81      
5-31      

---      
---      

     $ 

140 
29,960 
130,337 

370,977 
60,818 
40,933 
30,318 
18,980 
67,317 

116 
67,789 
51,539 
2,478 

4,028 
23,724 
899,454 
185,170 
714,284 

Substantially all of Artesian Water's utility plant, except the utility plant in the town of Townsend, Delaware, is pledged as security for 
our First Mortgage Bonds.  As of December 31, 2023, no other water utility plant has been pledged as security for loans.  Two parcels 
of land in Artesian Wastewater are pledged as security for a loan.   

We believe that our properties are generally maintained in good condition and in accordance with current standards of good water and 
wastewater works industry practice.  We believe that all of our existing facilities adequately meet current necessary production capacities 
and current levels of utilization. 

18 

  
     
  
     
   
  
     
  
     
  
  
  
  
       
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
       
 
  
       
 
 
  
  
  
   
  
       
 
  
  
   
  
       
  
       
   
  
 
 
 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

For a discussion of our legal proceedings, refer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 17 – Legal Proceedings. 

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable.  

PART II 

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER 

PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Market Information for the Company’s Common Equity 

Artesian Resources' Class A Non-Voting Common Stock, or Class A Non-Voting Stock, is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market 
and trades under the symbol "ARTNA."  On March 12, 2024, the last closing sale price as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market 
was $36.25 per share.  As of March 12, 2024 there were 506 holders of record of the Class A Non-Voting Stock. The stockholders of 
Class A Stock are entitled to receive dividends when they are declared by the Board of Directors.  The Company has a long history of 
paying regular quarterly dividends as approved by our Board of Directors using net cash from operating activities.  See the Consolidated 
Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company’s dividend history.  

The intraday high and low Nasdaq Global Select Market prices on the Class A Non-Voting Stock for each quarter during the past two 
years were: 

2023 
First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 

2022 
First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 

Stock Price 

High 

Low 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

63.00 
58.41 
49.73 
44.78 

50.88 
50.00 
60.36 
59.98 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

51.30 
46.37 
41.26 
38.76 

43.02 
44.08 
47.96 
45.44 

Our Class B Common Stock, or Class B Stock, is quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol "ARTNB."  There has been a 
limited and sporadic public trading market for the Class B Stock.  As of March 4, 2024, the last reported trade of the Class B Stock on 
the OTC Bulletin Board was at a price of $36.00 per share on March 4, 2024.  As of March 12, 2024, there were 136 holders of record 
of the Class B Stock.  Shares of Class B Stock are paid the same dividend as the shares of the Class A Stock. 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we did not issue any unregistered shares of our Class A Non-Voting Stock or Class B Stock. 

19 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following graph compares the percentage change in cumulative shareholder return on the Company’s Class A Non-Voting Stock 
with the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and a Peer Group of water utility companies.  The graph covers the period from December 
2018 (assuming a $100 investment on December 31, 2018, and the reinvestment of any dividends) through December 2023: 

Company Name / Index 
Artesian Resources Corporation 
S&P 500 Index 
Peer Group 

Base Period 
2018 

2019 

INDEXED RETURNS 
Years Ending December 31 
2021 

2020 

2022 

100   
100   
100   

109.66  
131.49  
134.89  

112.37  
155.68  
155.56  

144.07  
200.37  
192.86  

186.27  
164.08  
165.11  

2023 

134.81 
207.21 
141.97 

The Peer Group includes American States Water Company, American Water Works Company, Inc., Essential Utilities, Inc., California 
Water  Service  Group,  Connecticut  Water  Service,  Inc.  (included  through  October  9,  2019  when  it  was  acquired  by  SJW  Group), 
Middlesex Water Company, SJW Group and York Water Company. 

20 

 
 
        
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
ITEM 6.  RESERVED  

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 

OPERATIONS 

OVERVIEW 

Our profitability is primarily attributable to the sale of water and wastewater services in our regulated utility business.  Our regulated 
utility  segment  comprised  93.1%  of  total  operating revenues  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  and 90.7%  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2022.  Water sales are subject to seasonal fluctuations, particularly during summer when water demand may vary with 
rainfall and temperature.  In the event temperatures during the typically warmer months are cooler than expected or rainfall is greater 
than expected, the demand for water may decrease and our revenues may be adversely affected.  We believe these effects of weather are 
short term and do not materially affect the execution of our strategic initiatives.  Our wastewater services provide a revenue stream that 
is  not  affected  by  these  changes  in  weather  patterns.    We  continue  to  seek  growth  opportunities  to  provide  wastewater  services  in 
Delaware and the surrounding areas. 

Our profitability is also attributed to other non-utility business, such as various contract operations, water, sewer and internal SLP Plans 
and other services we provide.  Our contract operations, SLP Plans and other services also provide a revenue stream that is not affected 
by changes in weather patterns.  We also continue to explore and develop relationships with developers and municipalities in order to 
increase  revenues  from  contract  water  and  wastewater  operations,  wastewater  management  services,  and  design,  construction  and 
engineering  services.    We  plan  to  continue  developing  and  expanding  our  contract  operations  and  other  services  in  a  manner  that 
complements our growth in water service to new customers.  Our anticipated growth in these areas is subject to changes in residential 
and commercial construction, which may be affected by interest rates, inflation and general housing and economic market conditions.  
We anticipate continued growth in our non-utility subsidiaries due to our water, sewer, and internal SLP Plans. 

Inflation 

We are affected by inflation, most notably by the continually increasing costs  required to maintain, improve and expand our service 
capability.  The cumulative effect of inflation results in significantly higher facility  replacement costs as well as increased operating 
costs, which must be recovered from future cash flows.  Our ability to recover increases in investments in facilities and operating costs 
is  dependent  upon  future  rate  increases,  which  are  subject  to  approval  by  the  applicable  regulatory  authority.    We  can  provide  no 
assurances that any future rate increase request will be approved, and if approved, we cannot guarantee that any rate increase will be 
granted in a timely manner and/or will be sufficient in amount to cover costs for which we initially sought the rate increase.  The impact 
of inflation could adversely affect our results of operations, financial position or cash flows. 

Regulated Water Subsidiaries 

Artesian Water, Artesian Water Maryland and Artesian Water Pennsylvania provide water service to residential, commercial, industrial, 
governmental, municipal and utility customers.  Increases in the number of customers contribute to increases, or help to offset any 
intermittent  decreases,  in  our  operating  revenue.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  number  of  metered  water  customers  in  Delaware 
increased  approximately  1.3%  compared  to  December  31,  2022.    The  number  of  metered  water  customers  in  Maryland  increased 
approximately 1.3% compared to December 31, 2022.  The number of metered water customers in Pennsylvania remained consistent 
compared to December 31, 2022.  For the year ended December 31, 2023, approximately 8.7 billion gallons of water were distributed 
in our Delaware systems and approximately 105.5 million gallons of water were distributed in our Maryland systems.  

Artesian Water filed an initial request with the DEPSC on April 28, 2023, further supplemented with a request filed on November 30, 
2023, to implement new rates to meet a requested increase in revenue of  22.66%, or approximately $16.7 million, on an annualized 
basis.  The actual effective increase is less than 22.66% since Artesian Water has been permitted to recover specific investments made 
in infrastructure through the assessment of a 7.50% Distribution System Improvement Charge, or DSIC.  Since the DSIC rate is set to 
zero when temporary rates are placed into effect, customers would experience an incremental increase of 15.16%, the net of the overall 
22.66% increase less the DSIC rate of 7.50% currently in effect, if the requested increase is granted in full by the DEPSC.  Artesian 
Water filed an interim rates application, which was approved, to place into effect on November 28, 2023 a temporary base rate increase 
of 15% of gross water sales on an annual basis and to reduce the 7.50% DSIC rate to zero, with such interim rates subject to refund, 
until permanent rates are determined by the DEPSC.  This is discussed further in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 
13 – Regulatory Proceedings.  

Regulated Wastewater Subsidiaries 

Artesian Wastewater and TESI own wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure and provide regulated wastewater services to 
customers in Sussex County, Delaware.  Artesian Wastewater Maryland is able to provide regulated wastewater services to customers 
in Maryland.  It is not currently providing these services in Maryland.   The majority of our residential and commercial wastewater 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
customers are billed a flat monthly fee, and our large industrial wastewater customer is billed monthly based on wastewater flow, which 
contributes  to  providing  a  revenue  stream  unaffected  by  weather.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  number  of  Delaware  wastewater 
customers increased approximately 6.3% compared to December 31, 2022.   

Non-Utility Subsidiaries 

Artesian Utility provides contract water and wastewater operation services to private, municipal, and governmental institutions.  Artesian 
Utility also offers three protection plans to customers: the WSLP Plan, the SSLP Plan, and the ISLP Plan.  SLP Plan customers are billed 
a flat monthly or quarterly rate, which contributes to providing a revenue stream unaffected by weather.  There has been consistent 
customer growth over the years.  As of December 31, 2023, the eligible customers enrolled in the WSLP Plan, the SSLP Plan and the 
ISLP Plan increased 2.3%, 3.5% and 12.4%, respectively, compared to December 31, 2022.  The non-utility customers enrolled in one 
of our three protections plans decreased 3.0%.   

Strategic Direction and Recent Developments 

Our strategy is to increase customer growth, revenues, earnings and dividends by expanding our water, wastewater and SLP Plan services 
across the Delmarva Peninsula.  We  remain focused on providing superior service  to our customers and continuously seek ways to 
improve our efficiency and performance.  Our strategy has included a focus on building strategic partnerships with county governments, 
municipalities and developers.  By providing water and wastewater services, we believe we are positioned as the primary resource for 
developers  and  communities  throughout  the  Delmarva  Peninsula  seeking  to  fill  both needs  simultaneously.    We  believe  we  have a 
proven ability to acquire and integrate high growth, reputable entities, through which we have captured additional service territories that 
will serve as a base for future revenue.  We believe this experience presents a strong platform for further expansion and that our success 
to date also produces positive relationships and credibility with regulators, municipalities, developers and customers in both existing 
and prospective service areas. 

In our regulated water  subsidiaries, our strategy is to focus on a wide spectrum of activities, which include strategic acquisitions of 
existing systems, expanding certificated service area, identifying new and dependable sources of supply, developing the wells, treatment 
plants and delivery systems to supply water to customers and educating customers on the wise use of water.  Our strategy includes 
focused  efforts  to  expand  in  new  regions  surrounding  our  service  territory  through  strategic  acquisitions.    We  plan  to  expand  our 
regulated water service area in the Cecil County designated growth corridor and to expand our business through the design, construction, 
operation,  management  and  acquisition  of  additional  water  systems.    The  expansion  of  our  exclusive  franchise  areas  elsewhere  in 
Maryland and the award of contracts will similarly enhance our operations within the state.  

Our  ability  to  develop  partnerships  with  various  county  governments,  municipalities  and  developers  has  provided  a  number  of 
opportunities.    In  the  last  four  years,  we  completed  four  acquisitions  including  asset  purchase  agreements  with  municipal  and 
developer/homeowner association operated systems. 

We believe that Delaware's generally lower cost of living in the region and availability of development sites in relatively close proximity 
to the Atlantic Ocean in Sussex County have resulted, and will continue to result, in increases to our customer base.  Delaware’s lower 
property and income tax rate make it an attractive region for new home development and retirement communities.  Substantial portions 
of Delaware currently are not served by a public water system, which could also assist in an increase to our customer base as systems 
are added. 

On May 26, 2022, Artesian Water completed its purchase of substantially all of the water operating assets from the Town of Clayton, 
or Clayton, a Delaware municipality located in Kent County, Delaware, including Clayton’s exclusive franchise territory and the right 
to provide water service to Clayton’s existing customers, or the Clayton Water System.  The total purchase price was $5.0 million, less 
the current payoff amount of secured debt or debt associated with the Clayton Water System.  This transfer of Clayton’s exclusive 
franchise territory was approved by the DEPSC on April 20, 2022. 

In our regulated wastewater subsidiaries, we foresee significant growth opportunities and will continue to seek strategic partnerships 
and relationships with developers and governmental agencies to complement existing agreements for the provision of wastewater service 
on the Delmarva Peninsula. There are numerous locations in Sussex County where Artesian Wastewater’s and Sussex County’s facilities 
are connected or integrated to allow for the movement and disposal of wastewater generated by one or the other’s system in a manner 
that most efficiently and cost effectively manages wastewater transmission, treatment and disposal.  In addition, Artesian Wastewater 
plans  to  utilize  our  larger  regional  wastewater  facilities  to  expand  service  areas  to  new  customers  while  transitioning  our  smaller 
treatment facilities into regional pump stations in order to gain additional efficiencies in the treatment and disposal of wastewater. We 
believe this will reduce operational costs at the smaller treatment facilities in the future because they will be converted from treatment 
and disposal plants to pump stations to assist with transitioning the flow of wastewater from one regional facility to another.  In addition, 
since  closing  the  transaction  with  TESI  noted  below,  Artesian’s  Delaware  wastewater  subsidiaries  are  the  sole  regional  regulated 
wastewater utilities in Delaware, which we believe will enable us to increase efficiencies in the treatment and disposal of wastewater 
and provide additional opportunities to expand our wastewater operations. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On January 14, 2022, Artesian Wastewater acquired TESI, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Middlesex Water Company, or Middlesex, 
that provides regulated wastewater services in Delaware.  Artesian Wastewater purchased all of the stock of TESI from Middlesex for 
$6.4 million in cash and other consideration, including, forgiveness of a $2.1 million note due from Middlesex.  This acquisition more 
than doubled the number of wastewater customers served by Artesian in Sussex County, Delaware and included all residents in the 
Town of Milton.   

The general need for increased capital investment in our water and wastewater systems is due to a combination of population growth, 
more protective water quality standards, aging infrastructure and acquisitions.  Our planned and budgeted capital improvements over 
the  next  three  years  include  projects  for  water  infrastructure  improvements  and  expansion  in  both  Delaware  and  Maryland  and 
wastewater infrastructure improvements and expansion in Delaware.  The DEPSC and MDPSC have generally recognized the operating 
and capital costs associated with these improvements in setting water and wastewater rates for current customers and capacity charges 
for new customers. 

In our non-utility subsidiaries, we continue pursuing opportunities to expand our contract operations.  Through Artesian Utility, we will 
seek  to  expand  our  contract  design,  engineering  and  construction  services  of  water  and  wastewater  facilities  for  developers, 
municipalities  and  other  utilities.    We  also  anticipate  continued  growth  due  to  our  water,  sewer  and  internal  SLP  Plans.    Artesian 
Development owns two nine-acre parcels of land, located in Sussex County, Delaware, which will allow for construction of a water 
treatment facility and wastewater treatment facility. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 

Critical accounting estimates are those we believe are most important to portraying the financial condition and results of operations and 
also  require  significant  estimates,  assumptions  or  other  judgments  by  management.   Note  1  (Summary  of  Significant  Accounting 
Policies) to the Consolidated Financial Statements describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of 
the consolidated financial statements.  The following provides an overview of the accounting policies that are particularly important to 
the results of operations and financial condition of the Company.  Changes in the estimates, assumptions or other judgments included 
within these accounting policies could result in a significant change to the financial statements in any quarterly or annual period.  We 
consider the following policies to be the most critical in understanding the judgment that is involved in preparing our Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  Senior management has discussed the selection and development of our critical accounting estimates with the 
Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. 

All additions to utility plant are recorded at cost.  Business combinations pursuant to ASC Topic 805 may result in a purchase price 
allocation and the acquired assets are required to be evaluated by the applicable regulatory agency.  Cost includes direct labor, materials, 
Allowance for Funds Used during Construction, or AFUDC, (see description in Note 1-Utility Plant) and indirect charges for items such 
as transportation, supervision, pension, medical, and other fringe benefits related to employees engaged in construction activities.  When 
depreciable  units  of  utility  plant  are  retired,  the  historical  costs  of  plant  retired  is  charged  to  accumulated  depreciation.    Any  cost 
associated with retirement, less any salvage value or proceeds received, is charged to the regulated retirement liability.  Maintenance, 
repairs, and replacement of minor items of utility plant are charged to expense as incurred. 

We record water service revenue, including amounts billed to customers, on a cycle basis and unbilled amounts based upon estimated 
usage from the date of the last meter reading to the end of the accounting period.  As actual usage amounts are received, adjustments 
are made to the unbilled estimates in the next billing cycle based on the actual results.  Estimates are made on an individual customer 
basis, using one of three methods: the previous year’s consumption in the same period, the previous billing period’s consumption, or 
averaging.  While actual usage for individual customers may differ materially from the estimate, we believe the overall total estimate of 
consumption and revenue for the fiscal period will not differ materially from actual billed consumption.  

We  record  accounts  receivable  at  the  invoiced  amounts.   A  provision  for  expected  credit  loss  is  calculated  as  a percentage  of  total 
associated revenues based upon historical trends and adjusted for current conditions.  We mitigate  our exposure to credit losses by 
discontinuing services in the event of non-payment; accordingly, the related provision for expected credit loss and associated bad debt 
expense has not been significant.  Account balances are written off against the allowance when it is probable the receivable will not be 
recovered.     

The  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board,  or  FASB,  Accounting  Standards  Codification,  or  ASC,  Topic  980  stipulates  generally 
accepted accounting principles for companies whose rates are  established or subject to approvals by a third-party regulatory agency.  
Our regulated subsidiaries record deferred regulatory assets under FASB ASC Topic 980, which are costs that may be recovered over 
various lengths of time as prescribed by the DEPSC, MDPSC and PAPUC.  As the utility incurs certain costs, such as expenses related 
to rate  case  applications, a deferred regulatory asset is created.  Adjustments to these deferred regulatory assets are made when the 
DEPSC,  MDPSC  or  PAPUC  determines  whether  the  expense  is  recoverable  in  rates,  the  length  of  time  over  which  an  expense  is 
recoverable, or, because of changes in circumstances, whether a remaining balance of deferred expense is recoverable in rates charged 
to customers.  In addition, our regulated subsidiaries record deferred and/or amortized regulatory liabilities under FASB ASC Topic 
980, as determined by the DEPSC, the MDPSC, and the PAPUC.  Regulatory liabilities represent excess recovery of cost or other items 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
that have been deferred because it is probable such amounts will be returned to customers through future regulated rates.  Adjustments 
to reflect changes in recoverability of certain deferred regulatory assets or certain deferred regulatory liabilities may have a significant 
effect on our financial results. 

Deferred income taxes are provided in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 on all differences between the tax basis of assets and 
liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the consolidated financial statements based on the enacted tax rates expected to 
be in effect when such temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company’s rate regulated subsidiaries recognize regulatory 
liabilities, to the extent considered in ratemaking, for deferred taxes provided in excess of the current statutory tax rate and regulatory 
assets  for  deferred  taxes  provided  at  rates  less  than  the  current  statutory  rate.    Such  tax-related  regulatory  assets  and  liabilities  are 
reported at the revenue requirement level and amortized to income as the related temporary differences reverse, generally over the lives 
of the related properties.   

Our long-lived assets consist primarily of utility plant in service and regulatory assets.  We review for impairment of our long-lived 
assets, including utility plant in service, in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 360.  We review regulatory assets for 
the continued application of FASB ASC Topic 980.  Our review determines whether there have been changes in circumstances or events 
that have occurred that require adjustments to the carrying value of these assets.  Adjustments to the carrying value of these assets would 
be made in instances where changes in circumstances or events indicate the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable in rates 
charged to customers.  The Company believes there are no impairments in the carrying amounts of its long-lived assets or regulatory 
assets at December 31, 2023. 

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, the accounting guidance for testing goodwill, the Company assesses goodwill for impairment 
annually  or  more  frequently  if  we  encounter  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  would  indicate  that,  more  likely  than  not,  the 
carrying value of goodwill has been impaired.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its implied fair value, the Company 
will recognize an impairment charge for the difference up to the carrying value of the allocated goodwill.  There was no impairment of 
goodwill as of December 31, 2023. 

Results of Operations 

2023 Compared to 2022 

Operating Revenues 

Revenues totaled $98.9 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.   

Water sales revenue increased $1.7 million, or 2.2%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 from the corresponding period in 2022, 
primarily as a result of a temporary rate increase of net 7.50% of gross water sales placed into effect on November 28, 2023, as permitted 
under Delaware law, until permanent rates are determined by the DEPSC, and an increase in overall water consumption.  Since the 
DSIC rate is set to zero when temporary rates are placed into effect, the temporary rate increase is 15.0%, less the DSIC rate of 7.50% 
that was previously in effect.  In addition, fixed fee revenue increased related to added customers.  We realized 81.0% and 79.2% of our 
total operating revenue for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, from the sale of water. 

Other utility operating revenue increased approximately $0.7 million, or 6.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the 
year ended December 31, 2022.  This increase is primarily due to an increase in wastewater revenue associated with customer growth 
and an increase in fee revenue related to inspections and service and finance charges. 

Non-utility operating revenue decreased approximately $2.4 million, or 26.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the 
same period in 2022.  This decrease is primarily due to a decrease in contract service revenue related to a contract for the design and 
construction  of  wastewater  infrastructure  now  nearing  completion,  partially  offset  by  an  increase  in  Service  Line  Protection  Plan 
revenue. 

Percentage of Operating Revenues 

Water Sales 

Residential 
Commercial 
Industrial 
Government and Other 

Other utility operating revenues 
Non-utility operating revenues 

Total 

2023    

2022   

2021 

50.1 %  
17.9      
0.1 
12.9      
12.3 
6.7 
100.0  %   

48.7 % % 
17.6     
0.1    
12.8     
11.6   
9.2    
100.0   % 

53.0 % 
19.4 
0.1 
13.2 
7.9 
6.4 
100.0 % 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
     
    
 
   
 
  
    
    
 
  
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
Residential 

Residential water service revenues in 2023 amounted to $49.6 million, an increase of $1.5 million, or 3.0%, above the $48.1 million 
recorded in 2022, primarily due to an increase in overall water consumption and a temporary rate increase placed into effect on November 
28, 2023.  The volume of water sold to residential customers  increased to 4,340 million gallons in 2023 compared to 4,209 million 
gallons in 2022, a 3.1% increase.  The number of residential customers served increased by approximately 1,300, or 1.4%, in 2023. 

Commercial 

Water service revenues from commercial customers in 2023 increased by 0.9%, to $17.6 million in 2023 from $17.5 million in 2022, 
primarily due to a temporary rate increase placed into effect on November 28, 2023.  The volume of water sold to commercial customers 
decreased to 2,231 million gallons in 2023 compared to 2,232 million gallons sold in 2022, a decrease of 0.1%. 

Industrial 

Water service revenues from industrial customers increased to $84,000 in 2023 from $79,000 in 2022.  The volume of water sold to 
industrial customers increased to 10.3 million gallons in 2023 from 9.6 million gallons in 2022. 

Government and Other 

Government and other water service revenues in 2023 increased by 0.8%, to $12.7 million in 2023 from $12.6 million in 2022, primarily 
due to a temporary rate increase placed into effect on November 28, 2023.  The volume of water sold to government and other customers 
decreased to 1,250 million gallons in 2023 compared to 1,337 million gallons in 2022, a decrease of 6.5%.   

Other Utility Operating Revenue 

Other  utility  operating  revenue,  derived  from  regulated  wastewater  services,  contract  operations,  antenna  leases  on  water  tanks, 
finance/service charges, wastewater customer service revenues and industrial wastewater service revenues, increased 6.0%, to $12.2 
million in 2023 from $11.5 million in 2022.  This increase is primarily due to an increase in wastewater revenue associated with customer 
growth and an increase in fee revenue related to inspections and service and finance charges. 

Non-Utility Operating Revenue 

Non-utility operating revenue, derived from non-regulated water and wastewater operations,  decreased by 26.9%, to $6.6 million in 
2023 from $9.1 million in 2022.  This decrease is primarily due to a decrease in contract service revenue related to a contract for the 
design and construction of wastewater infrastructure now nearing completion, partially offset by an increase in Service Line Protection 
Plan revenue. 

Operating Expenses   

Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and income taxes, increased $0.2 million, or 0.4%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 
compared to the year ended December 31, 2022.  The components of the change in operating expenses primarily include an increase in 
utility operating expenses of $2.4 million, a decrease in non-utility operating expenses of $2.4 million and an increase in property and 
other taxes of $0.2 million.     

Utility operating expenses increased $2.4 million, or 5.6%, for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 
31, 2022.  The net increase is primarily related to the following. 

−  Payroll and employee benefit costs increased $1.0 million, primarily related to an increase in medical premium costs, employee 
merit  increases,  and  a  decrease  in  capitalized  payroll  related  to  a  2022  software  upgrade,  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in 
bonuses compared to 2022.   

−  Administrative costs increased $0.7 million, primarily due to increases in computer system maintenance costs, and customer 

billing costs. 

−  Supply and treatment costs increased $0.7 million, primarily due to an increase in the cost and volume of chemicals used, an 
increase in wastewater treatment costs, a one-time acquisition adjustment related to TESI in 2022 and a reimbursement from 
the Delaware Sand and Gravel Remedial Trust, or DS&G Trust, in 2022 for Artesian Water’s operating costs related to certain 
2021 treatment costs pursuant to a settlement agreement.  These increases are partially offset by a decrease in filter media 
replacement costs related to varying replacement schedules.   

−  Transmission,  distribution  and  collection  costs  increased  $0.3  million,  primarily  associated  with  tank  painting  costs  and 

maintenance and repair of transmission mains.  

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
−  Purchased power costs increased $0.2 million due to an increase in usage in wastewater and water operations.   
−  Purchased water costs decreased $0.5 million, primarily related to a decrease of water purchased under contract, in which the 

minimum amount of water required to be purchased was reduced in July 2022. 

Non-utility operating expenses  decreased $2.4 million, or 35.4%,  primarily due to a decrease in  costs associated with a wastewater 
infrastructure design and construction contract. 

Property and other taxes increased $0.2 million, or 3.9%, primarily due to an increase in utility plant subject to taxation and an increase 
in payroll taxes, related to increased payroll related expenses.  Property taxes are assessed on land, buildings and certain utility plant, 
which include the footage and size of pipe, hydrants and wells.   

Percentage of Operating and Maintenance Expenses 

Payroll and Associated Expenses 
Administrative 
Supply and Treatment 
Purchased Power 
Transmission, Distribution and Collection 
Purchased Water 
Non-utility Operating 

Total 

2023   
49.5 %    
16.9   
11.9   
5.7  
4.6   
2.7   
8.7  
100.0 %    

2022 
47.5 % 
15.3 
10.8 
5.2 
4.1 
3.6 
13.5 
100.0 % 

2021   
49.2 % 
15.7   
9.4   
4.8   
2.7   
9.5   
8.7   
100.0 % 

The ratio of operating expense, excluding depreciation and income taxes, to total revenue was 57.4% for the year ended December 31, 
2023, compared to 57.1% for the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.7 million, or 5.7%, primarily due to continued investment in utility plant providing 
supply, treatment, storage and distribution of water to customers and service to our wastewater customers. 

Federal and state income tax expense increased $0.5 million, or 8.2%, primarily due to the recognition of additional valuation allowances 
on deferred tax assets related to state net operating losses and stock options exercised in the year of 2022, with no similar activity in 
2023, partially offset by lower pre-tax income in 2023 compared to 2022. 

Other Income 

Other income increased $0.8 million, primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in AFUDC, as a result of higher long-term construction 
activity subject to AFUDC for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.  Miscellaneous income increased 
$0.1 million related to an increase in the annual patronage refund from CoBank, ACB.   

Interest Charges 

Total interest charges increased $0.7 million, or 7.7%.  Long-term debt interest expense increased $0.5 million, primarily related to an 
increase in long-term debt interest associated with the Series W First Mortgage Bond issued on April 29, 2022 and an increase in the 
level of State Revolving Fund Loans.  Short-term debt interest expense increased $0.1 million, primarily related to higher interest rates.  
The average short-term interest rate for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was 6.27% compared to 3.04% for the same period 
in 2022.  

Net Income 

Our net income applicable to common stock decreased $1.3 million, or 7.2%.  Water sales and other operating revenue increased $2.4 
million  and  other  income  increased  $0.8  million,  offset  by  a  $2.4  million  decrease  in  non-utility  operating  revenue,  a  $1.4  million 
increase in total operating expenses and $0.7 million increase in interest charges. 

Part I, Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2022 Annual 
Report on Form 10-K includes a comparative discussion of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and is incorporated 
herein by reference.     

26 

 
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Overview 

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $37.1 million in net proceeds from the issuance 
of Class A Non-Voting Stock, $31.9 million of cash provided by operating activities and $22.5 million in net contributions and advances 
from developers.  Funds from these liquidity sources were used to invest $62.2 million in capital expenditures and to pay dividends of 
approximately $11.2 million.   

We  depend  on  the  availability  of  capital  for  expansion,  construction  and  maintenance.  We  rely  on  our  sources  of  liquidity  for 
investments in our utility plant and to meet our various payment obligations.  We expect that our net investments in utility plant in 2024 
will be approximately $51.6 million.  Our total obligations related to interest and principal payments on indebtedness, rental payments, 
elevated  storage  tank  agreements  and  water  service  interconnection  agreements  for  2024  are  anticipated  to  be  approximately  $12.0 
million.   

Operating Activities 

One of our primary sources of liquidity for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $31.9 million provided by cash flow from operating 
activities,  compared  to  $24.3 million  for  the  year  ended  December  31, 2022.    The  increase  in  cash  flows  from  operating  activities 
primarily  resulted  from  lower  accounts  payable  and  accrued  expenses  related  to  increased  capital  investments  and  lower  accounts 
receivable balances.  Cash flow from operating activities is primarily provided by our utility operations and is impacted by the timeliness 
and adequacy of rate increases and changes in water consumption as a result of year-to-year variations in weather conditions, particularly 
during the summer.  A significant part of our ability to maintain and meet our financial objectives is to ensure that our investments in 
utility plant and equipment are recovered in the rates charged to customers.  As such, from time to time, we file rate increase requests 
to recover increases in operating expenses and investments in utility plant and equipment.   See our Notes to Consolidated Financial 
Statements  - Note 13 – Regulatory Proceedings.   We will continue to borrow on available lines of credit in order to satisfy current 
liquidity needs.  In addition, the Company has a long history of paying regular quarterly dividends as approved by our Board of Directors 
using net cash from operating activities. 

Investment Activities 

The  primary  focus  of  our  investment  in  2023  was  to  continue  to  provide  high  quality,  reliable  service  to  our  growing  service 
territory.  Capital  expenditures  during  2023  were  $62.2  million  compared  to  $48.5  million  invested  during  the  same  period  in 
2022.   During  2023,  we  invested  in  our  rehabilitation  program  for  transmission  and  distribution  facilities  by  replacing  aging  or 
deteriorating mains, installation of new mains, enhancing or improving existing treatment facilities, construction of new water storage 
tanks,  and  replacing  aging  wells  and  pumping  equipment  to  better  serve  our  customers.    We  also  continue  to  invest  in  wastewater 
treatment and distribution facilities.  Developers contributed $8.3 million of the total investment during the year ended 2023. 

The following chart summarizes our investment in plant and systems over the past three fiscal years. 

In thousands 

Source of supply, treatment and pumping 
Transmission and distribution 
General plant  
Developer financed utility plant 
Wastewater facilities 
Allowance for Funds Used During Construction, AFUDC, equity portion 

Total 

2023   

2022   

2021 

$ 

$ 

20,327   $ 
26,886     
4,553     
8,301     
3,353     
(1,243)     
62,177   $ 

14,158   $ 
17,712     
3,856     
8,038     
5,613     
(894)     
48,483   $ 

9,681 
20,951 
1,739 
6,866 
2,133 
(556) 
40,814 

Of the $55.6 million gross investment expected in 2024, approximately $16.4 million will be invested in upgraded PFAS treatment 
equipment,  the  rehabilitation and  upgrading  of  two  elevated  storage  tanks,  booster  station  improvements,  and  equipment  and  wells 
throughout Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania to identify, develop, treat, and protect sources of water supply to assure uninterrupted 
service to our customers.  Approximately $8.8 million will be invested in the relocations of facilities as a result of government mandates.  
Approximately  $7.2  million  will  be  invested  into  the  ongoing  construction  of  a  regional  wastewater  treatment  plant  along  with 
improvements to existing wastewater treatment plants and wastewater pumping stations.  Approximately $6.2 million will be invested 
in renewals associated with the rehabilitation of aging infrastructure.  Approximately $6.6 million will be invested in the construction 
of force mains used for the transmission of wastewater to plants.  Approximately $5.8 million will be invested in general plant, which 
includes  vehicles  and  other  heavy  duty  operations  related  equipment,  replacement  computer  hardware  and  software,  equipment 
upgrades, new corporate automation, station security upgrades, radio communication upgrades and building renovations.  Approximately 
$4.0 million will be for extending transmission and distribution facilities to address service needs in growth areas of our service territory. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Additionally, we will refund $0.6 million to customers, real estate developers and builders related to previous advances for construction 
they provided to Artesian for distribution facilities on their properties. 

Our projected capital expenditures and other investments are subject to periodic review, and revision to reflect changes in economic 
conditions and other factors.  The Company's investment for 2024 is expected to be offset by developer contributions of $4.0 million 
for a net investment of $51.6 million in 2024.  The Company believes the net investment in utility plant will continue to be recovered 
through rates charged to customers. 

Financing Activities 

For the year ended December 31, 2023, cash flows provided by financing activities were $31.3 million, compared to $31.7 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2022.  The cash flows provided by financing activities decreased due to increased repayments of lines of 
credit, lower issuance of long-term debt and higher stock dividend payments, mostly offset by higher proceeds from the issuance of 
common stock and an increase in net advances and contributions from developers.  We have several sources of liquidity to finance our 
investment in utility plant and other fixed assets.  Our primary source of liquidity from financing activities for the year ended December 
31, 2023 was $37.1 million in net proceeds from the issuance of Class A Non-Voting Stock.  On May 23, 2023 and June 16, 2023, the 
Company completed the sale of 695,650 shares and 67,689 shares of its Class A Non-Voting Stock, respectively.  Other sources of 
liquidity include $22.5 million in net contributions and advances from developers, which includes $3.8 million of grant funds from the 
State of Delaware and $5.6 million from the issuance of long-term debt.  We estimate that future investments will be financed by our 
operations and external sources.  We expect to fund our activities for the next twelve months using our projected cash generated from 
operations, bank credit lines, state revolving fund loans, government grants, and other capital market financing as needed to provide 
sufficient  working  capital  to  maintain  normal  operations,  to  meet  our  financing  requirements  and  to  expand  through  strategic 
acquisitions.  We believe that our cash on hand and future cash generated from the foregoing activities will provide adequate resources 
to fund our short-term and long-term capital, operating and financing needs. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to 
secure funding on terms acceptable to us, or at all.  Our cash flows from operations are primarily derived from water sales revenues and 
may be materially affected by changes in water sales due to weather and the timing and extent of increases in rates approved by state 
public service commissions. 

Material Cash Requirements 

Lines of Credit and Long-Term Debt 

At December 31, 2023, Artesian Resources had a $40 million line of credit with Citizens Bank, or  Citizens, which is available to all 
subsidiaries of Artesian Resources.  As of December 31, 2023, there was $40.0 million of available funds under this line of credit.  The 
previous interest rate for borrowings under this line was the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 1.00%.  The LIBOR rate 
for USD currency was discontinued as of June 30, 2023.  As a result, effective May 20, 2022, this line of credit agreement was amended 
to replace LIBOR with the Daily Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR.  The interest rate is a one-month SOFR plus 10 basis 
points, or Term SOFR, plus an applicable margin of 0.85%, which was increased to 1.10% effective August 3, 2023.  Term SOFR 
cannot  be  less  than  0.00%.    This  is  a  demand  line  of  credit  and  therefore  the  financial  institution  may  demand  payment  for  any 
outstanding amounts at any time.  The term of this line of credit expires on the earlier of May 20, 2024 or any date on which Citizens 
demands payment. The Company expects to renew this line of credit. 

At December 31, 2023, Artesian Water had a $20 million line of credit with CoBank, ACB, or CoBank, that allows for the financing of 
operations  for  Artesian  Water,  with  up  to  $10  million  of  this  line  available  for  the  operations  of  Artesian  Water  Maryland.    As  of 
December 31, 2023, there was $20.0 million of available funds under this line of credit.  The previous interest rate for borrowings under 
this  line  allowed  the  Company  to  select  either  LIBOR  plus  1.50%  or  a  weekly  variable  rate  established  by  CoBank;  the  Company 
historically used the weekly variable interest rate.  In October 2022, this line of credit was amended to replace the previous interest rate 
options with a daily SOFR rate plus 1.45% option or a term SOFR rate plus 1.45% option that is locked in for either one or three months.  
The term of this line of credit expires on October 31, 2024.  Artesian Water expects to renew this line of credit. 

The Company’s material cash requirements include the following lines of credit commitments and contractual obligations: 

Material Cash Requirements 

Payments Due by Period 

In thousands 
$ 
First mortgage bonds (principal and interest) 
State revolving fund loans (principal and interest)   
Promissory note (principal and interest) 
Asset purchase contractual obligation (principal 

Less than 
1 Year 
7,902  
979  
1,200  

After 5 

1-3 
Years    

4-5 
Years    

Total 
  $  15,714     $  40,610     $  204,564    $  268,790  
15,481  
14,699  

10,287       
9,652     

2,147       
1,923     

2,068       
1,924     

Years    

and interest) 
Lines of credit 

339  
---  

659     
---     

320     
---     

---     
---     

1,318  
---  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
Operating leases 
Operating agreements 
Unconditional purchase obligations 
Tank painting contractual obligation 
Total contractual cash obligations 

35  
76  
870  
626  
12,027 

 $ 

70      
112     
1,762       
313     
22,700    $ 

$ 

64       
109     
114       
---     

1,429       
749     
312       
---     

1,598  
1,046  
3,058  
939  
 $  226,993    $  306,929 

45,209 

Artesian’s long-term debt agreements and revolving lines of credit contain customary affirmative and negative covenants that are binding 
on us (which are in some cases subject to certain exceptions), including, but not limited to, restrictions on our ability to make certain 
loans and investments, guarantee certain obligations, enter into, or undertake, certain mergers, consolidations or acquisitions, transfer 
certain assets or change our business.  As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with these covenants. 

Long-term debt obligations reflect the maturities of certain series of our first mortgage bonds, which we intend to refinance when due 
if not refinanced earlier.  One first mortgage bond is subject to redemption in a principal amount equal to $150,000 plus interest per 
calendar quarter.  The state revolving fund loan obligation and promissory note obligation have an amortizing mortgage payment payable 
over a 20-year period.  The first mortgage bonds, the state revolving fund loan and the promissory note have certain financial covenant 
provisions, the violation of which could result in default and require the obligation to be immediately repaid, including all interest.  We 
have not experienced conditions that would result in our default under these agreements. 

The asset purchase contractual obligation is related to the purchase of substantially all of the water operating assets from the Town of 
Clayton, or Clayton, in May 2022, by Artesian Water.   The total purchase price was $5.0 million.  At closing, Artesian Water paid 
approximately $3.4 million.  The remaining $1.6 million is payable in equal annual installments on the anniversary date of the closing 
date.  Each annual installment is payable with interest at an annual rate of 2.0%.   

In order to control purchased power cost, in February 2021, Artesian Water entered into an electric supply contract with MidAmerican 
that is effective from May 2021 to May 2025.  The fixed rate was lowered 5.6% starting in May 2021.  In February 2022, Artesian Water 
Maryland entered into an electric supply agreement with Constellation NewEnergy, Inc., effective from May 2022 through November 
2025.  In January 2022, following the acquisition of Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater, or TESI, assumed 
an electricity supply contract with WGL Energy that is effective through December 2024.  These fixed rate electric supply contracts are 
for normal purchases and are not derivative instruments.   

Payments for unconditional purchase obligations reflect minimum water purchase obligations based on rates that are subject to change 
under  an  interconnection  agreement  with  the  Chester  Water  Authority.    The  agreement  is  effective  from  January  1,  2022  through 
December 31, 2026, includes automatic five-year renewal terms, unless terminated by either party, and has a “take or pay” clause which 
required us to purchase water on a step-down schedule through July 5, 2022 and now requires us to purchase a minimum of 0.5 million 
gallons per day.  In addition, payments for unconditional purchase obligations reflect minimum water purchase obligations based on a 
contract rate under our interconnection agreement with the Town of North East, which expires June 26, 2024.  The agreement includes 
two automatic five-year renewal terms, unless terminated by either party.   

In April 2021, Artesian Water entered into a 3-year agreement with Worldwide Industries Corporation effective July 1, 2021 to paint 
elevated water storage tanks.  Pursuant to the agreement, the total expenditure for the three years was $1.2 million.  In September 2022, 
this agreement was amended to paint an additional elevated water storage tank and to extend the term of the agreement for an additional 
year.  Pursuant to the amended agreement, the total expenditure for the four years is $2.2 million.   

IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 

See Note  19 (Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements)  to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a  full description of the 
impact of recent accounting pronouncements. 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK 

The Company’s business operations give rise to market risk exposure due to changes in interest rates and commodity prices.  To manage 
such risks effectively, the Chief Financial Officer, with support from the Executive Officers, Audit Committee and Board of Directors, 
evaluates strategies to mitigate these risks by limiting variable rate exposure and by monitoring the effects of market changes in interest 
rates.  The Company’s financial risk management evaluations are designed to protect against risk arising from extreme adverse market 
movements on our key exposures.   

29 

  
    
 
  
  
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company is subject to the risk of fluctuating interest rates in the normal course of business.  Our policy is to manage interest rates 
through the use of fixed rate long-term debt and, to a lesser extent, short-term debt.  The Company's exposure to interest rate risk related 
to existing fixed rate, long-term debt is due to the term of the majority of our First Mortgage Bonds and the term of the promissory note, 
which have final maturity dates ranging from 2028 to 2049 and interest rates ranging from 4.24% to 5.96%, which exposes the Company 
to interest rate risk as interest rates may drop below the existing fixed rate of the long-term debt prior to such debt’s maturity.  In addition, 
the Company has interest rate exposure on $60 million of variable rate lines of credit, with two banks.  As of December 31, 2023 there 
were not any outstanding balances on the lines of credit.  An increase in the variable interest rates has resulted and is expected to continue 
to result in an increase in the cost of borrowing on these variable rate lines of credit.  Also, changes in SOFR could affect our operating 
results and liquidity.  We are also exposed to market risk associated with changes in commodity prices.  Our risks associated with price 
increases in chemicals, electricity and other commodities are mitigated by our ability to recover our costs through rate increases to our 
customers.  We have also sought to mitigate future significant electric price increases by signing multi-year supply contracts at fixed 
prices. 

30 

 
 ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
In thousands 

ASSETS 
Utility plant, at original cost less accumulated depreciation 
Current assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts and other receivables (less provision for expected credit loss 2023 - $328; 2022 - $416) 
Income tax receivable 
Unbilled operating revenues 
Materials and supplies 
Prepaid property taxes 
Prepaid expenses and other 

Total current assets 
Other assets 

Non-utility property (less accumulated depreciation 2023 - $1,052; 2022 - $990) 
Other deferred assets 
Goodwill 
Operating lease right of use assets 

Total other assets 
Regulatory assets, net 
Total Assets  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 
Stockholders' equity 
Common stock 
Preferred stock 
Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 

Total stockholders' equity 
Long-term debt, net of current portion 

Current liabilities 
Lines of credit 
Current portion of long-term debt 
Accounts payable 
Accrued expenses 
Overdraft payable 
Accrued interest 
Income taxes payable 
Customer and other deposits 
Other 

Total current liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11) 

Deferred credits and other liabilities 
Net advances for construction 
Operating lease liabilities 
Regulatory liabilities 
Deferred investment tax credits 
Deferred income taxes 

Total deferred credits and other liabilities 

Net contributions in aid of construction 
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity   

The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

31 

For the Year Ended 

December 31, 
2023 

December 31, 
2022 

$ 

714,284   $ 

668,031 

2,505     
12,830     
1,799     
1,934     
5,983     
2,269     
3,297     
30,617     

3,693     
8,504     
1,939     
506     
14,642     
7,289     
766,832   $ 

10,285   $ 
—     
143,369     
76,743     
230,397     
178,307     
408,704     

---     
2,235     
9,697     
3,519     
9     
2,275     
2  
2,983     
1,694     
22,414   $ 

1,309 
13,511 
1,632 
1,586 
4,702 
2,186 
2,878 
27,804 

3,740 
10,536 
1,939 
467 
16,682 
7,274 
719,791 

9,502 
— 
107,142 
71,286 
187,930 
175,619 
363,549 

20,174 
2,003 
10,929 
4,246 
43 
989 
6 
2,489 
3,191 
44,070 

2,797   $ 
503     
25,676     
423     
58,381     
87,780   $ 

3,686 
466 
28,721 
439 
54,552 
87,864 

247,934     
766,832   $ 

224,308 
719,791 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
  
  
      
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
   
  
      
  
  
      
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
   
  
      
  
 
     
 
   
  
      
  
  
      
  
 
 
  
  
   
  
      
  
  
  
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
In thousands, except per share amounts 

Operating revenues 

Water sales 
Other utility operating revenue 
Non-utility operating revenue 

Total Operating Revenues 

Operating expenses 

Utility operating expenses 
Non-utility operating expenses 
Depreciation and amortization 
Taxes 

State and federal income tax expense (benefit)  

Current 
Deferred 

Property and other taxes 

  Total Operating Expenses 

Operating income 

Other income, net 

Allowance for funds used during construction (AFUDC) 
Miscellaneous 

Income before interest charges 

Interest charges 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2021 
2022 
2023 

$ 

80,033   $ 
12,195     
6,633     
98,861     

78,318   $ 
11,506     
9,073     
98,897     

77,821 
7,195 
5,843 
90,859 

46,205     
4,428     
13,335     

43,772     
6,850     
12,620     

41,414 
3,942 
11,885 

2,962     
3,386     
6,099     
76,415     

4,285     
1,593     
5,871     
74,991     

3,360 
2,377 
5,587 
68,565 

22,446     

23,906     

22,294 

2,002     
1,407     
3,409     

1,329     
1,265     
2,594     

823 
1,302 
2,125 

25,855     

26,500     

24,419 

9,156     

8,502     

7,592 

Net income applicable to common stock 

$ 

16,699   $ 

17,998   $ 

16,827 

Net income per common share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Weighted average common shares outstanding: 

Basic 
Diluted 

$ 
$ 

1.67   $ 
1.67   $ 

1.90   $ 
1.90   $ 

1.79 
1.79 

10,018     
10,022     

9,462     
9,481     

9,394 
9,426 

Cash dividends per share of common stock 

$ 

1.14   $ 

1.09   $ 

1.05 

The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

32 

 
 
 
   
   
  
  
   
  
    
    
  
    
    
  
  
  
 
 
     
     
 
  
      
      
  
  
  
  
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
In thousands 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2022 

2023 

2021 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: 

$ 

16,699   $ 

17,998   $ 

16,827 

Depreciation and amortization 
Amortization of debt expense 
Provision for bad debt expense 
Deferred income taxes, net 
Stock compensation 
AFUDC, equity portion 

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: 

Accounts and other receivables 
Income tax receivable 
Unbilled operating revenues 
Materials and supplies 
Income taxes payable 
Prepaid property taxes 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Other deferred assets 
Regulatory assets 
Regulatory liabilities 
Accounts payable 
Accrued expenses 
Accrued interest 
Revenue reserved for refund 
Customer deposits and other 

NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 

CASH FLOWS USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
Capital expenditures (net of AFUDC, equity portion) 
Investment in acquisitions, net of cash acquired 
Proceeds from sale of assets 

NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Repayments under lines of credit agreements 
Borrowings under lines of credit agreements 
(Decrease) increase in overdraft payable 
Proceeds from contributions in aid of construction and advances 
Payouts for contributions in aid of construction and advances 
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock 
Equity issuance cost 
Issuance of long-term debt 
Dividends paid 
Debt issuance costs 
Principal repayments of long-term debt 

NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 

13,335     
355     
92     
3,813     
254     
(1,243)     

807     
(167)     
(348)     
(1,281)     
(4)     
(83)     
(419)     
1,998     
(497)     
(3,168)     
284     
614     
1,286     
—     
(476)     
31,851     

12,620     
354     
68     
2,282     
152     
(894)     

(3,847)     
602     
(141)     
(2,769)     
6     
697     
(216)     
(5,473)     
(37)     
6,799     
(3,989)     
(564)     
72     
—     
545     
24,265     

11,885 
351 
(224) 
2,803 
193 
(556) 

318 
(1,605) 
86 
(398) 
(28) 
(415) 
(444) 
(445) 
(236) 
(535) 
3,547 
(71) 
(13) 
— 
270 
31,310 

(62,177)     
—     
99     
(62,078)     

(48,483)     
(6,341)     
65     
(54,759)     

(40,814) 
— 
90 
(40,724) 

(23,477)     
3,303     
(34)     
24,747     
(2,228)     
37,073     
(317)     
5,608     
(11,242)     
—     
(2,010)     
31,423     

(41,038)     
34,509     
13     
17,494     
(1,063)     
2,090     
—     
31,803     
(10,319)     
(135)     
(1,643)     
31,711     

1,196     

1,217     

1,309     

92     

(10,797) 
10,687 
(75) 
17,059 
(1,242) 
1,390 
— 
4,126 
(9,826) 
(19) 
(1,825) 
9,478 

64 

28 

92 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR 

$ 

2,505   $ 

1,309   $ 

33 

 
   
  
  
  
    
    
  
      
      
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
 
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
      
      
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
  
   
  
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS CONTINUED 
In thousands 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2022 

2021 

2023 

Non-cash Investing and Financing Activity: 

Utility plant received as construction advances and contributions in aid of construction 
Contractual amounts of contributions in aid of construction due from developers included in 

accounts receivable 

Contractual amounts of contributions in aid of construction received from developers 

previously included in accounts receivable 

Change in amounts included in accounts payable and accrued payables related to capital 

expenditures 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information: 

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 

Purchase price allocation of investment in acquisitions: 
  Utility plant 
  Cash 
  Goodwill 
  Other assets 
Total assets 
Less: 
  Liabilities 
  Future contractual obligation payable to seller 
  Contributions in aid of construction 
Cash paid for acquisitions 
Cash received from acquisitions 
Investment in acquisitions, net of cash acquired 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

3,492   $ 

8,416   $ 

3,538 

1,695   $ 

726   $ 

545 

799   $ 

356   $ 

1,749 

(3,384)   $ 

3,182   $ 

641 

7,515   $ 
3,590   $ 

8,430   $ 
3,482   $ 

7,605 
5,181 

---   $ 
---     
---     
---     
---     

---     
---     
---     
---     
---     
---   $ 

33,345   $ 
280     
1,939     
1,033     
36,597     

2,828     
1,569     
25,597     
6,621     
280     
6,341   $ 

--- 
--- 
--- 
--- 
--- 

--- 
--- 
--- 
--- 
--- 
--- 

The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
   
  
      
      
  
 
 
     
     
 
  
      
      
  
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
In thousands 

Common 
Shares 
Outstanding 
Class A 
Non-Voting 
(1) (3) (4) 

Common 
Shares 
Outstanding 
Class B 
Voting (2)    

$1 Par Value 
Class A 
Non-Voting   

$1 Par Value 
Class B 
Voting 

Additional 
Paid-in 
Capital 

Retained 
Earnings 

Total 

Balance as of December 31, 
2020 

Net income 
Cash dividends declared 

Common stock 

Issuance of common stock 

Dividend reinvestment plan    
Employee stock options and 

awards(4) 

Employee Retirement Plan(3)   

Balance as of December 31, 
2021 

Net income 
Cash dividends declared 

Common stock 

Issuance of common stock 

Dividend reinvestment plan    
Employee stock options and 

awards(4) 

Employee Retirement Plan(3)   

Balance as of December 31, 
2022 

Net income 
Cash dividends declared 

Common stock 

Issuance of common stock 

Public offering, net of costs   
Dividend reinvestment plan    
Employee stock options and 

awards(4) 

Employee Retirement Plan(3)   

Balance as of December 31, 
2023 

8,475     

881     

$8,475     

$881      $103,463     

$56,606      $169,425 

—     

—     

10     

38     
9     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     

—     

—     

10     

38     
9     

—     

—     

—     

16,827     

16,827 

—     

(9,826)     

(9,826) 

—     

382     

—     
—     

790     
354     

—     

—     
—     

392 

828 
363 

8,532     

881     

$8,532     

$881      $104,989     

$63,607      $178,009 

—     

—     

7     

82     
—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     

—     

—     

7     

82     
—     

—     

—     

—     

17,998     

17,998 

—     

(10,319)     

(10,319) 

—     

366     

—     

373 

—     
—     

1,787     
—     

—     
—     

1,869 
— 

8,621     

881     

$8,621     

$881      $107,142     

$71,286      $187,930 

—     

—     

763     
8     

12     
—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     

—     

—     

763     
8     

12     
—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     

—     

16,699     

16,699 

—     

(11,242)     

(11,242) 

35,464     
373     

390     
—     

—     

—     
—     

36,227 
381 

402 
— 

9,404     

881     

$9,404     

$881      $143,369     

$76,743      $230,397 

(1) 

(2) 
(3) 

(4) 

At December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, Class A Stock had 15,000,000 shares authorized.  For the same periods, shares issued, 
inclusive of treasury shares, were 9,433,288, 8,650,392 and 8,561,772, respectively. 
At December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, Class B Stock had 1,040,000 shares authorized and 881,452 shares issued. 
Artesian Resources Corporation registered 200,000 shares of Class A Stock, subsequently adjusted for stock splits, available 
for purchase through the Company’s 401(k) retirement plan. 
Under the Equity Compensation Plan, effective December 9, 2015, Artesian Resources Corporation authorized up to 331,500 
shares of Class A Stock for issuance of grants in forms of stock options, stock units, dividend equivalents and other stock-based 
awards, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances as discussed in the Plan. Includes stock compensation expense for the 
years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.  See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 9-Stock 
Compensation Plans. 

The notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

35 

 
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
   
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
     
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
     
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
   
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
     
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
  
     
     
     
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

NOTE 1– SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Basis of Presentation 

The audited consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with the requirements of Form 10-K and accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States and consequently include all the disclosures required in the consolidated financial statements 
included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of 
Artesian Resources Corporation and its subsidiaries and all intercompany balances and transactions between subsidiaries have been 
eliminated.   

Reclassification 

Certain accounts in the prior year financial statements have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform with the presentation 
in the current year financial statements.  These reclassifications had no effect on net income or stockholders' equity. 

Regulated Utility Accounting 

The  accounting  records  of  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.,  or  Artesian  Water,  Artesian  Wastewater  Management,  Inc.,  or  Artesian 
Wastewater, and, effective January 14, 2022, Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater, or TESI, are maintained 
in accordance with the uniform system of accounts as prescribed by the Delaware Public Service Commission, or the DEPSC.  The 
accounting records of Artesian Water Pennsylvania, Inc., or Artesian Water Pennsylvania, are maintained in accordance with the uniform 
system of accounts as prescribed by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, or the PAPUC.  The accounting records of Artesian 
Water Maryland, Inc., or Artesian Water Maryland, and Artesian Wastewater Maryland, Inc., or Artesian Wastewater Maryland, are 
maintained  in  accordance  with  the  uniform  system  of  accounts  as  prescribed  by  the  Maryland  Public  Service  Commission,  or  the 
MDPSC.  All  these  subsidiaries  follow  the  provisions  of  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board,  or  FASB,  ASC  Topic  980,  which 
provides guidance for companies in regulated industries. These regulated subsidiaries account for the majority of our operating revenue. 
See Note 18 (Business Segment Information) to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of our segment information. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements 

The consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S.,  which 
require  management  to  make  certain  estimates  and  assumptions  regarding  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  including 
unbilled revenues, credit losses and reserves for bad debt, regulatory asset recovery, lease agreements, goodwill and contingent assets 
and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting 
period.  Actual results could differ from management's estimates. 

All additions to utility plant are recorded at cost.  Business combinations pursuant to ASC Topic 805 may result in a purchase price 
allocation and the acquired assets are required to be evaluated by the applicable regulatory agency.  Artesian Wastewater acquired TESI 
in January 2022 and Artesian Water purchased substantially all of the water operating assets from the Town of Clayton in May 2022.  
On December 31, 2022, the fair value determinations for TESI and the water operating assets acquired from the Town of Clayton were 
finalized.  

Utility Plant 

Utility plant is stated at original cost.  Cost includes direct labor, materials, AFUDC (see description below) and indirect charges for 
such  capitalized  items  as  transportation,  supervision,  pension,  medical,  and  other  fringe  benefits  related  to  employees  engaged  in 
construction activities.  When depreciable units of utility plant are retired, the historical costs of plant retired is charged to accumulated 
depreciation.  Any cost associated with retirement, less any salvage value or proceeds received, is charged to the regulated retirement 
liability.  Maintenance, repairs, and replacement of minor items of utility plant are charged to expense as incurred. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for Funds Used during Construction, or AFUDC, is a non-cash credit to income with a corresponding charge to utility plant 
that represents the cost of borrowed funds or a return on equity funds devoted to plant under construction.  Presented in the table below 
is AFUDC for the years ended December 31: 

In thousands 

AFUDC - Debt 

AFUDC - Equity 

Utility plant comprises: 
In thousands 

Utility plant at original cost 

Utility plant in service-Water 

Intangible plant 
Source of supply plant 
Pumping and water treatment plant 
Transmission and distribution plant 

Mains 
Services 
Storage tanks 
Meters 
Hydrants 
General plant 

Utility plant in service-Wastewater 

Intangible plant 
Treatment and disposal plant 
Collection mains & lift stations 
General plant 

Property held for future use 
Construction work in progress 

Less – accumulated depreciation 

Depreciation and Amortization 

$ 

$ 

2023 

759  

1,243  

$ 

$ 

2022 

435 

894 

$ 

$ 

2021 

267  

556  

Estimated 
Useful Life  
(In Years)   

December 31, 

2023 

2022 

—   $ 
45-85     
8-62     

140   $ 
29,960     
130,337     

140 
25,223 
116,915 

81     
39     
76     
26     
60     
5-31     

370,977     
60,818     
40,933     
30,318     
18,980     
67,317     

338,368 
56,396 
34,567 
29,720 
17,751 
65,632 

—     
21-81     
81     
5-31     

116     
67,789     
51,539     
2,478     

—     
—     

    $ 

4,028     
23,724     
899,454     
185,170     
714,284   $ 

117 
66,178 
49,431 
1,845 

4,489 
34,213 
840,985 
172,954 
668,031 

For financial reporting purposes, depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method at rates based on estimated economic useful 
lives, which range from 5 to 85 years.  Composite depreciation rates for water utility plant were 2.13%, 2.16% and 2.17% for 2023, 
2022 and 2021, respectively.  In a rate order issued by the DEPSC, the Company was directed effective January 1, 1998, to begin using 
revised depreciation rates for utility plant.  In rate orders issued by the DEPSC, Artesian Water was directed, effective May 28, 1991 
and August 25, 1992, to offset depreciation recorded on utility plant by depreciation on utility property funded by Contributions in Aid 
of Construction, or CIAC, and Advances for Construction, or Advances, respectively.  This reduction in depreciation expense is also 
applied to outstanding CIAC and Advances.  Other deferred assets are amortized using the straight-line method over applicable lives, 
which range from 20 to 24 years. 

Regulatory Assets 

The FASB ASC Topic 980 stipulates generally accepted accounting principles for companies whose rates are established or subject to 
approvals by a third-party regulatory agency.  Certain expenses are recoverable through rates charged to our customers, without a return 
on investment, and are deferred and amortized during future periods using various methods as permitted by the DEPSC, MDPSC, and 
PAPUC. 

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The deferred income taxes will be amortized over future years as the tax effects of temporary differences that previously flowed through 
to our customers are reversed. 

Debt related costs include debt issuance costs and other debt related expense.  The DEPSC has approved deferred regulatory accounting 
treatment for issuance costs associated with Artesian Water’s First Mortgage bonds.  Debt issuance costs and other debt related expenses 
are reviewed during Artesian Water’s rate applications as part of its cost of capital calculations.   

Affiliated interest agreement deferred costs relate to the regulatory and administrative costs resulting from efforts necessary to secure 
water allocations in Artesian Water Pennsylvania’s territory for the provision of service to the surrounding area and interconnection to 
Artesian Water Pennsylvania’s affiliate regulated water utility Artesian Water.  These costs were specifically included for cost recovery 
pursuant to an Affiliated Interest Agreement between Artesian Water and Artesian Water Pennsylvania and were approved for recovery 
by the PAPUC and were reclassed from deferred costs to a regulatory asset in 2022.  Amortization of these deferred costs began in the 
fourth quarter of 2023.  

Regulatory expenses amortized on a straight-line basis are noted below: 

Expense 
Deferred contract costs and other 
Rate case studies 
Delaware rate proceedings 
Maryland rate proceedings 
Debt related costs 

Deferred costs affiliated interest agreement 
Goodwill (resulting from acquisition of Mountain Hill Water Company in 
2008) 
Deferred acquisition costs (resulting from purchase of water assets in 
Cecil County, Maryland in 2011 and Port Deposit, Maryland in 2010) 
Franchise Costs (resulting from purchase of water assets in Cecil County, 
Maryland in 2011) 

Regulatory assets, net of amortization, comprise: 

Years Amortized 
5  
5 
3 
5 

15 to 30                               

(based on term of related debt) 
20 
50 

20 

80 

Deferred contract costs and other 
Rate case studies 
Rate proceedings 
Deferred income taxes 
Debt related costs 
Deferred costs affiliated interest agreement 
Goodwill 
Deferred acquisition and franchise costs 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets 

December 31, 2023 

December 31, 2022 

(in thousands) 

$ 

$ 

209   
136    
385    
444    
4,322   
1,110    
258   
425   
7,289    

$ 

$ 

227 
57 
--- 
465 
4,682 
1,114 
266 
463 
7,274 

Our long-lived assets consist primarily of utility plant in service and regulatory assets.  A review of our long-lived assets is performed 
in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  FASB  ASC  Topic  360.   In  addition,  the  regulatory  assets  are  reviewed  for  the  continued 
application of FASB ASC Topic 980.  The review determines whether there have been changes in circumstances or events that have 
occurred requiring adjustments to the carrying value of these assets.  FASB ASC Topic 980 stipulates that adjustments to the carrying 
value  of  these  assets  would  be  made  in  instances  where  the  inclusion  in  the  rate-making  process  is  unlikely.    For  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, there was no impairment or regulatory disallowance identified in our review.   

Goodwill 

The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of net identified 
tangible and intangible assets acquired.  At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $1.9 million 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of goodwill, respectively.  The $1.9 million of goodwill arose from the January 2022 acquisition of Tidewater Environmental Services, 
Inc.  Artesian Wastewater operates as the parent holding company of Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater, 
or TESI, and is a subsidiary of our Regulated Utility segment.  In accordance with the accounting guidance for testing goodwill for 
impairment, the Company performs an annual assessment.  In 2023, the Company used the optional qualitative assessment, "step zero”, 
to identify and evaluate relevant events and circumstances to conclude whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting 
unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  amount,  including  goodwill.      Relevant  events  and  circumstances  assessed  included  macroeconomic 
conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, financial performance, management and overall strategy.  After evaluating and 
weighing these relevant events and circumstances, it was concluded that there was no impairment of goodwill and it was not necessary 
to perform quantitative testing.   

Other Deferred Assets 

The  investment  in  CoBank,  which  is  a  cooperative  bank,  is  related  to  certain  outstanding  First  Mortgage  Bonds  and  is  a  required 
investment in the bank based on the underlying long-term debt agreements. The settlement agreement receivable is related to the long-
term portion of reimbursements due in years 2024 and 2025 as further discussed in Note 1 – Accounts Receivable.   

Other deferred assets at December 31, net of amortization, comprise: 

In thousands 

Investment in CoBank 
Settlement agreement receivable-long term 
Other deferred assets 

Advances for Construction 

2023 

2022 

$ 

$ 

$ 
5,882   
2,496     
126     
8,504   $ 

5,351 
4,991 
194 
10,536 

Cash advances to reimburse Artesian Water for its costs to construct water mains, services and hydrants are contributed to Artesian 
Water by real estate developers and builders in order to extend water service to their properties.  The value of these contributions is 
recorded  as  Advances  for  Construction.   Artesian  Water  makes  refunds  on  these  advances  over  a  specific  period  of  time  based  on 
operating revenues generated by the specific plant or as new customers are connected to the mains.  After all refunds are made within 
the contract period, any remaining balance is transferred to CIAC.  

Contributions in Aid of Construction 

CIAC includes the non-refundable portion of advances for construction and direct contributions of water mains, services and hydrants, 
and  wastewater  treatment  facilities  and  collection  systems,  or  cash  to  reimburse  our  water  and  wastewater  subsidiaries  for  costs  to 
construct water mains, services and hydrants, and wastewater treatment and disposal plants.  Effective with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, 
or TCJA, in 2017 CIAC was taxable and the DEPSC, MDPSC and PAPUC allowed the Company to collect additional CIAC to pay the 
associated tax.  In 2021, legislation was enacted to amend the TCJA, which now exempts CIAC from income taxes for regulated water 
and wastewater utilities, effective for all of 2021 and forward.  In 2022 the Company refunded developers a total of $3.6 million for the 
additional CIAC collected in 2021 to pay the associated tax.   

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Artesian Water received approximately $3.8 million and $2.0 million, 
respectively,  in  grant  funding  from  the  State  of  Delaware, Delaware  Department  of  Health  and  Social  Services,  Division  of  Public 
Health,  or  DPH,  pursuant  to grant  agreements.    The  grants  were  used  by  Artesian  Water  to  cover  the  costs  associated  with  certain 
construction projects.  The grant funds received under the grant agreements were recorded in accordance with the requirements under 
FASB ASC Topic 980, in Net contributions in aid of construction in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Pursuant to the grant agreements, 
Artesian Water is no longer eligible to receive grant funds under these grants.   

Regulatory Liabilities 

FASB  ASC  Topic  980  stipulates  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  for  companies  whose  rates  are  established  or  subject  to 
approvals by a third-party regulatory agency.  Certain obligations are deferred and/or amortized as determined by the DEPSC, MDPSC, 
and PAPUC.  Regulatory liabilities represent excess recovery of cost or other items that have been deferred because it is probable such 
amounts will be returned to customers through future regulated rates. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
   
  
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred settlement refunds consist of reimbursements from the Delaware Sand and Gravel Remedial Trust for Artesian Water’s past 
capital  and  operating  costs,  totaling  approximately  $10.0  million,  related  to  the  treatment  costs  associated  with  the  release  of 
contaminants from the Delaware Sand & Gravel Landfill Superfund Site in groundwater that Artesian Water uses for public potable 
water supply, pursuant to the Settlement Agreement.  Two installments for approximately $2.5 million each were paid in August 2022 
and July 2023.  The remaining $5.0 million is due in two equal installments no later than July of 2024 and 2025.  Artesian Water received 
approval from the DEPSC in October 2022 to refund to its customers these reimbursements for past capital and operating costs.  The 
refund for the reimbursements will be applied to current and future customer bills in annual installments.  The first two refunds occurred 
in October 2022 and August 2023.  Future customer refunds will occur no later than August 2024 and August 2025.  The amount of the 
credit will be calculated by dividing the amount of the reimbursement by the number of eligible customers.  Beginning in 2022, Artesian 
Water began recording 2022 and future recovery of capital expenditures as Contributions in Aid of Construction and began recording 
expense  recovery  as  an  offset  to  operations  and  maintenance  expense,  with  the  intention  that  those  recoveries  will  be  available  for 
inclusion and consideration in any future rate applications.  For a full discussion of the Settlement Agreement, refer to Note 17 – Legal 
Proceedings.    The  deferred  settlement  refunds  were  $5.0  million  and  $7.5  million  at  December  31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022, 
respectively. 

Pursuant to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or TCJA, on December 22, 2017, the Company adjusted its existing deferred 
income tax balances to reflect the decrease in the corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21% (see Note 5 – Income Taxes) resulting in 
a decrease in the net deferred income tax liability of $24.3 million, of which $22.8 million was reclassified to a regulatory liability 
related to Artesian Water and Artesian Water Maryland.  The regulatory liability amount is subject to certain Internal Revenue Service 
normalization rules that require the benefits to customers be spread over the remaining useful life of the underlying assets giving rise to 
the associated deferred income taxes.  On January 31, 2019, the DEPSC approved the amortization of the regulatory liability amount of 
$22.2 million over a period of 49.5 years beginning February 1, 2018, subject to audit at a later date.  In May 2022, the  Company 
received a rate order from the DEPSC instructing the Company to continue amortizing the liability over a period of 49.5 years, subject 
to review in the Company’s next base rate filing.  The MDPSC has not issued a final order on the regulatory liability amount  of $0.6 
million regarding the effects of the TCJA on Maryland customers.  The deferred income taxes, related to TCJA, were $20.7 million and 
$21.2 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. 

Income Taxes 

Deferred income taxes are provided in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 on all differences between the  tax basis of assets and 
liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the consolidated financial statements based on the enacted tax rates expected to 
be in effect when such temporary differences are expected to reverse. The Company’s rate regulated subsidiaries recognize regulatory 
liabilities, to the extent considered in ratemaking, for deferred taxes provided in excess of the current statutory tax rate and regulatory 
assets  for  deferred  taxes  provided  at  rates  less  than  the  current  statutory  rate.    Such  tax-related  regulatory  assets  and  liabilities  are 
reported at the revenue requirement level and amortized to income as the related temporary differences reverse, generally over the lives 
of the related properties. 

Under FASB ASC Topic 740, an uncertain tax position represents our expected treatment of a tax position taken, or planned to be taken 
in the future, that has not been reflected in measuring income tax expense for financial reporting purposes.  The Company establishes 
reserves for uncertain tax positions based upon management's judgment as to the sustainability of these positions. These accounting 
estimates related to the uncertain tax position reserve require judgments to be made as to the sustainability of each uncertain tax position 
based on its technical merits. The Company believes its tax positions comply with applicable law and that it has adequately recorded 
reserves as required. However, to the extent the final tax outcome of these matters is different than the estimates recorded, the Company 
would  then  adjust  its  tax  reserves  or  unrecognized  tax  benefits  in  the  period  that  this  information  becomes  known.    The  statute  of 
limitations for the 2018 tax returns lapsed during the third quarter of 2022, which resulted in the reversal of the reserve in the amount 
of approximately $212,000.  The Company has elected to recognize accrued interest (net of related tax benefits) and penalties related to 
uncertain tax positions as a component of its income tax expense.  During the third quarter of 2022, the Company reversed approximately 
$10,000 in penalties and interest, leaving a zero balance. During 2023, the Company has accrued approximately $12,000 in penalties 
and interest related to positions taken on the 2022 corporate income tax return. The Company remains subject to examination by federal 
and state authorities for the tax years 2020 through 2023. 

Investment tax credits were deferred through 1986 and are recognized as a reduction of deferred income tax expense over the estimated 
economic useful lives of the related assets. 

Stock Compensation Plans 

See Note 9 (Stock Compensation Plans) to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of our stock compensation plans. 

Revenue Recognition and Unbilled Revenues 

See Note 2 (Revenue Recognition) to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of our revenue recognition. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leases 

The Company has agreements for land easements and office equipment under operating leases.  Management makes certain estimates 
and assumptions regarding each lease agreement, renewal and amendment, including, but not limited to, discount rates and probable 
term, which can impact the escalations in payment that are taken into consideration when calculating the straight-line basis.  The amount 
of  rent  expense  and  income  reported  could  vary  if  different  estimates  and  assumptions  are  used.    Management  also  makes  certain 
estimates  and  assumptions  regarding  the  fair  value  of  the  leased  property  at  lease  commencement  and  the  separation  of  lease  and 
nonlease components.  See Note 3 (Leases) to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a full description of our leases.   

Accounts Receivable 

Accounts  receivable  are  recorded  at  the  invoiced  amounts.    As  set  forth  in  a  settlement  agreement,  Artesian  Water  will  receive 
reimbursements from the Delaware Sand and Gravel Remedial Trust, or Trust, for Artesian Water’s past capital and operating costs, 
totaling approximately $10.0 million, related to the treatment costs associated with the release of contaminants from the Delaware Sand 
& Gravel Landfill Superfund Site, or Site, in groundwater that Artesian Water uses for public potable water supply.  Two installments 
for  approximately  $2.5  million  each  were  paid  in  August  2022  and  July  2023.    The  remaining  $5.0  million  is  due  in  two  equal 
installments no later than July of 2024 and 2025.  In addition, the Trust shall reimburse Artesian Water for documented reasonable and 
necessary capital and operating costs after July 1, 2021 that Artesian Water incurs to treat  contaminants of concern and of emerging 
concern.   

A provision for expected credit loss is calculated as a percentage of total associated revenues based upon historical trends and adjusted 
for  current  and  reasonable  projections  based  upon  expected  economic  conditions.    We  mitigate  our  exposure  to  credit  losses  by 
discontinuing services in the event of non-payment; accordingly, the related provision for expected credit loss and associated bad debt 
expense has not been significant.  The provision for expected credit loss was $0.3 million and $0.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 
December 31, 2022, respectively.  The corresponding expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $0.1 million and 
$0.1 million, respectively, reported in Operating expenses – Utility and Non-utility operating expenses on the Company’s Consolidated 
Statements of Operations.  The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s accounts receivable balance:   

In thousands 

Customer accounts receivable – water 
Customer accounts receivable – wastewater 
Settlement agreement receivable – short term 
Miscellaneous accounts receivable  
Developer receivable 

Less provision for expected credit loss 
Net accounts receivable 

The activities in the provision for expected credit loss are as follows: 

December 31, 

2023 

2022 

2021 

$ 

$ 

6,573 
513 
2,747 
1,236 
2,089 
13,158 
328 
12,830 

  $ 

  $ 

5,981 
482 
2,532 
3,781 
1,151 
13,927 
416 
13,511 

  $ 

  $ 

5,986 
1,326 
--- 
786 
698 
8,796 
429 
8,367 

In thousands 

Beginning balance 

Provision adjustments 
Recoveries 
Write off of uncollectible accounts 

Ending balance 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

December 31, 

2023 

2022 

$ 

$ 

416   $ 
92     
48     
(228)     
328   $ 

429   
146   
28   
(187)   
416   

For purposes of the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, Artesian Resources considers all temporary cash investments with an original 
maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  Artesian Resources and its subsidiaries utilize their bank's zero balance account 
disbursement service to reduce the use of their lines of credit by funding checks as they are presented to the bank for payment rather 
than at issuance.  If the checks currently outstanding, but not yet funded, exceed the cash balance on our books, the net liability is 
recorded as a current liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheet in the Overdraft Payable account. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
   
  
  
   
  
    
  
  
  
  
 
 
Inventories 

Inventories consist of materials and supplies related to water and wastewater utility plant.  These materials and supplies are used for 
new construction and repairs and are recorded at the purchase cost.  Usage costs are determined by the first-in, first-out method.  The 
Company adjusts inventory value based on historical usage and forecasted demand.   

NOTE 2 – REVENUE RECOGNITION 

Background  

Artesian’s operating revenues are primarily attributable to contract services based upon regulated tariff rates approved by the DEPSC, 
the MDPSC, and the PAPUC.  Regulated tariff contract service revenues consist of water consumption, industrial wastewater services, 
fixed  fees  for  water  and  wastewater  services  including  customer  and  fire  protection  fees,  service  charges  and  Distribution  System 
Improvement Charges, or DSIC, billed to customers at rates outlined in our tariffs that represent stand-alone selling prices.  Our non-
tariff contract revenues, which are primarily non-utility revenues, consist of SLP Plan fees, water and wastewater contract operations, 
design  and  installation  contract  services,  and  wastewater  inspection  fees.    Other  regulated  operating  revenue  primarily  consists  of 
developer guarantee contributions for wastewater and rental income for antenna agreements, which are not considered in the scope of 
Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. 

Tariff Contract Revenues 

Artesian generates revenue from the sale of water to customers in Delaware, Cecil County, Maryland, and Southern Chester County, 
Pennsylvania once a customer requests service in our territory.  We recognize water consumption revenue at tariff rates on a cycle basis 
for the volume of water transferred to customers based upon meter readings for actual gallons of water consumed as well as unbilled 
amounts for estimated usage from the date of the last meter reading to the end of the accounting period.  As actual usage amounts are 
known based on recurring meter readings, adjustments are made to the unbilled estimates in the next billing cycle based on the actual 
results.  Estimates are made on an individual customer basis, based on one of three methods: the previous year’s consumption in the 
same period, the previous billing period’s consumption, or averaging.  While actual usage for individual customers may differ materially 
from the estimate based on management judgments described above, we believe the overall total estimate of consumption and revenue 
for the fiscal period will not differ materially from actual billed consumption.  The majority of our water customers are billed for water 
consumed on a monthly basis, while the remaining customers are billed on a quarterly basis.  As a result, we record unbilled operating 
revenue (contract asset) for any estimated usage through the end of the accounting period that will be billed in the next monthly or 
quarterly billing cycle.   

Artesian generates revenue from industrial wastewater services provided to a customer in Sussex County, Delaware.  We recognize 
industrial  wastewater  service  revenue  at  a  contract  rate  on  a  monthly  basis  for  the  volume  of  wastewater  transferred  to  Artesian’s 
wastewater facilities based upon meter readings for actual gallons of wastewater transferred.  These services are invoiced at the end of 
every month based on the actual meter readings for that month, and therefore there is no contract asset or liability associated with this 
revenue.  The contract also provides for a minimum required volume of wastewater flow to our facility.  At each year end, any shortfall 
of the actual volume from the required minimum volume is billed to the industrial customer and recorded as revenue.  Additionally, if 
during  the  course of  the  year  it  is  probable  that  the  actual  volume  will  not meet  the  minimum  required  volume,  estimated  revenue 
amounts would be recorded for the pro rata minimum volume, constrained for potential flow capacity that could occur in the remainder 
of the year.  Any estimated revenue amounts are recorded as unbilled operating revenue (contract asset) through the end of the accounting 
period and will be billed at each year end for any shortfall of the actual volume from the required minimal volume.   

Artesian generates revenue from metered wastewater services provided to certain customers in Sussex County, Delaware.  We recognize 
metered wastewater services at tariff rates on a cycle basis for the volume of wastewater transferred to Artesian’s wastewater facilities 
based upon meter readings for actual gallons of water transferred, as well as unbilled amounts for estimated volume from the date of the 
last  meter  reading  to  the  end  of  the  accounting  period.    As  actual  volume  amounts  are  known  based  on  recurring  meter  readings, 
adjustments are made to the unbilled estimates in the next billing cycle based on the actual results.  Estimates are made on an individual 
customer basis, based on one of three methods: the previous year’s volume in the same period, the previous billing period’s volume, or 
averaging.  While  actual  usage  for  individual  customers  may  differ  materially  from  the  estimate  based  on  management  judgments 
described above, we believe the overall total estimate of volume and revenue for the fiscal period will not differ materially from actual 
billed consumption.  The majority of these wastewater customers are billed for the volume of water transferred on a quarterly basis.  As 
a result, we record unbilled operating revenue (contract asset) for any estimated volume through the end of the accounting period that 
will be billed in the next quarterly cycle.   

Artesian generates fixed-fee revenue for water and wastewater services provided to customers once a customer requests service in our 
territory.  Our wastewater territory is located in Sussex County, Delaware.  We recognize revenue from these services on a ratable basis 
over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes all the benefits of the Company remaining ready to provide them water 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and wastewater service.  These contract services are billed either in advance or arrears at tariff rates on a monthly, quarterly or semi-
annual basis.  For contract services billed in arrears, we record unbilled operating revenue (contract asset) for any services through the 
end of the accounting period that will be billed in the next monthly or quarterly cycle.  For contract services billed in advance, we record 
deferred revenue (contract liability) and accounts receivable for any amounts for which we have a right to invoice but for which services 
have not been provided.  This deferred revenue is netted with unbilled operating revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.   

Artesian generates service charges primarily from non-payment fees, such as water shut-off and reconnection fees and finance charges.  
These fees are billed and recognized as revenue at the point in time when our tariffs indicate the Company has the right to payment such 
as days past due have been reached or shut-offs and reconnections have been performed.  There is no contract asset or liability associated 
with these fees.    

Artesian generates revenue from DSIC, which are surcharges applied to water customer tariff rates in Delaware related to specific types 
of water distribution system improvements.  This rate is calculated on a semi-annual basis based on an approved projected revenue 
requirement over the following six-month period.  This rate is adjusted up or down at the next DSIC filing to account for any differences 
between actual earned revenue and the projected revenue requirement.  Since DSIC revenue is a surcharge applied to tariff rates, we 
recognize DSIC revenue based on the same guidelines as noted above depending on whether the surcharge was applied to consumption 
revenue or fixed-fee revenue.   

Artesian generates revenue from interim temporary rates.  In Delaware, utilities are permitted by law to place rates into effect, under 
bond, on a temporary basis, pending resolution of an application for a base rate increase by the DEPSC.  Temporary rate revenue is 
calculated as a percentage increase on tariff rates.  We recognize this revenue based on the same guidelines as noted above depending 
on whether the additional rate was applied to consumption revenue or fixed-fee revenue.  Until permanent rates are determined by the 
DEPSC, if it is probable that a refund of revenue associated with temporary rates will occur, a reserve would be recorded reducing 
revenue from temporary rates.  As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no such reserve or reduction to revenue was recorded.   

Accounts receivable related to tariff contract revenues are typically due within 25 days of invoicing.  A provision for expected credit 
loss is calculated as a percentage of total associated revenues based upon historical trends and adjusted for current conditions.  We 
mitigate  our exposure to credit losses  by discontinuing services in the  event of non-payment; accordingly, the related  provision for 
expected credit loss and associated bad debt expense has not been significant.   

Non-tariff Contract Revenues 

Artesian generates SLP Plan revenue once a customer requests service to cover all parts, materials and labor required to repair or replace 
leaking water service lines, leaking or clogged sewer lines, or water and wastewater lines within the customer’s residence, up to an 
annual  limit.    We  recognize  revenue  from  these  services  on  a  ratable  basis  over  time  as  the  customer  simultaneously  receives  and 
consumes all the benefits of having service line protection services.   These contract services are billed in advance on a monthly or 
quarterly basis.  As a result, we record deferred revenue (contract liability) and accounts receivable for any amounts for which we have 
a right to invoice but for which services have not been provided.  Accounts receivable from SLP Plan customers are typically due within 
25 days of invoicing.  A provision for expected credit loss is calculated as a percentage of total SLP Plan contract revenue.  We mitigate 
our exposure to credit losses by discontinuing services in the event of non-payment; accordingly, the related  provision for expected 
credit loss and associated bad debt expense has not been significant. 

Artesian  generates  contract operation revenue  from  water and  wastewater  operation  services  provided  to  customers.   We  recognize 
revenue from these operation contracts, which consist primarily of monthly operation and maintenance services, over time as customers 
receive and consume the benefits of such services performed.  The majority of these services are invoiced in advance at the beginning 
of every month and are typically due within 30 days, and therefore there is no contract asset or liability associated with most of these 
revenues.  We have one operation contract that was paid in advance resulting in a contract liability for services that have not yet been 
provided.  A provision for expected credit loss is provided based on a periodic analysis of individual account balances, including an 
evaluation of days outstanding, payment history, recent payment trends, and our assessment of our customers’ creditworthiness.  The 
related provision for expected credit loss and associated bad debt expense has not been significant.       

Artesian generates design and installation revenue for services related to the design and construction of wastewater infrastructure for a 
state agency under contract.  We recognize revenue from these services over time as services are performed using the percentage-of-
completion method based on an input method of incurred costs (cost-to-cost).  These services are invoiced at the end of every month 
based on incurred costs to date.  As of December 31, 2023, there is no associated contract asset or liability.  There is no provision for 
expected credit loss or bad debt expense associated with this revenue. 

Artesian generates inspection fee revenue for inspection services related to onsite wastewater collection systems installed by developers 
of new communities.  These fees are paid by developers in advance when a service is requested for a new phase of a development.  
Inspection fee revenue is recognized on a per lot basis once the inspection of the infrastructure that serves each lot is completed.  As a 
result, we record deferred revenue (contract liability) for any amounts related to infrastructure not yet inspected.  There are no accounts 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
receivable, provision for expected credit loss or bad debt expense associated with inspection fee contracts. 

Sales Tax 

The majority of Artesian’s revenues are earned within the State of Delaware, where there is no sales tax.  Revenues earned in the State 
of Maryland and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania are related primarily to the sale of water by a public water utility and are exempt 
from sales tax.  Therefore, no sales tax is collected on revenues.   

Disaggregated Revenues 

The  following  table  shows  the  Company’s  revenues  disaggregated  by  service  type;  all  revenues  are  generated  within  a  similar 
geographical location: 

(in thousands) 
Tariff Revenue 
     Consumption charges 
     Fixed fees 
     Service charges 
     DSIC 
     Metered wastewater services 
     Industrial wastewater services 
Total Tariff Revenue 

 Non-Tariff Revenue 
     Service line protection plans 
     Contract operations 
     Design and installation 
     Inspection fees 
Total Non-Tariff Revenue 

Other Operating Revenue  

Total Operating Revenue 

For the Year 
Ended December 31, 

2023 

2022 

2021 

$ 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

49,051 
33,074 
682 
4,727 
602 
1,851 
89,987 

5,632 
1,046 
181 
424 
7,283 

1,591 

98,861 

$ 

$  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

47,809 
31,431 
597 
5,085 
649 
1,853 
87,424 

5,020 
931 
3,315 
326 
9,592 

1,881 

98,897 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

47,924 
27,977 
579 
5,093 
--- 
675 
82,248 

4,594 
884 
562 
341 
6,381 

2,230 

90,859 

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities  

Our contract assets and liabilities consist of the following: 

(in thousands) 

    Contract Assets - Tariff 

Deferred Revenue 
     Deferred Revenue – Tariff 
     Deferred Revenue – Non-Tariff 
Total Deferred Revenue 

December 31,  
2023 

December 31, 
2022 

  December 31, 

2021 

$ 

$ 

$ 

3,043 

1,300 
539 
1,839 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2,618 

  $ 

2,144 

1,231 
438 
1,669 

  $ 

  $ 

1,227 
287 
1,514 

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized revenue of $1.2 million from amounts that were included in Deferred 
Revenue – Tariff at the beginning of the year and revenue of $0.3 million from amounts that were included in Deferred Revenue – Non- 
Tariff at the beginning of the year.  For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $1.2 million from 
amounts that were included in Deferred Revenue – Tariff at the beginning of the year and revenue of $0.3 million from amounts that 
were included in Deferred Revenue – Non- Tariff at the beginning of the year.   

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The changes in Contract Assets and Deferred Revenue are primarily due to normal timing differences between our  performance and 
customer payments.   

Remaining Performance Obligations 

As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Deferred Revenue – Tariff is recorded net of contract assets within Unbilled operating 
revenues and represents our remaining performance obligations for our fixed fee water and wastewater services, all of which are expected 
to be satisfied and associated revenue recognized in the next three months. 

As  of  December 31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022,  Deferred  Revenue  –  Non-Tariff  is  recorded  within  Other  current liabilities  and 
represents  our  remaining  performance  obligations  for  our  SLP  Plan  services,  contract  water  operation  services  and  wastewater 
inspections, which are expected to be satisfied and associated revenue recognized within the next three months, approximately six years 
for the contract service revenue and one year for the SLP Plan revenue and inspection fee revenue, respectively. 

NOTE 3 – LEASES 

The Company leases land and office equipment under operating leases from non-related parties.  Our leases have remaining lease terms 
of 4 years to 73 years, some of which include options to automatically extend the leases for up to 66 years and are included  as part of 
the lease liability and right of use assets as we expect to exercise the options.  Payments made under operating leases are recognized in 
the consolidated statement of operations on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.  The annual lease payments for the land 
operating leases increase each year either by the most recent increase in the Consumer Price Index or by 3%, as applicable based on the 
lease agreements.  Periodically, the annual lease payment for one operating land lease is determined based on the fair market value of 
the applicable parcel of land.  None of the operating leases contain contingent rent provisions.  The commencement date  of all the 
operating leases is the earlier of the date we become legally obligated to make rent payments or the date we may exercise control over 
the use of the land or equipment.  The Company currently does not have any financing leases and does not have any lessor leases that 
require disclosure.     

Management made certain assumptions related to the separation of lease and nonlease components and to the discount rate used when 
calculating the right of use asset and liability amounts for the operating leases.  As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our 
incremental borrowing rates for long-term and short-term agreements and apply the rates accordingly based on the term of the lease 
agreements to determine the present value of lease payments. 

In October 1997, Artesian Water entered into a 33-year operating lease for a parcel of land with improvements located in South Bethany, 
a municipality in Sussex County, Delaware.  The annual lease payments increase each year by the most recent increase in the Consumer 
Price Index for Urban Workers, CPI-U, as published by the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.  At each eleventh 
year of the lease term, the annual lease payment shall be determined based on the fair market value of the parcel of land.  Rental payments 
for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $19,000, $19,000, and $17,000, respectively.  The future minimum rental payment as disclosed in the 
following table is calculated using CPI-U from August 2023 as well as the adjustment for an appraisal conducted in 2019 to determine 
the fair market value of the parcel of land. 

In March 2023, Artesian Water entered into a 5-year operating lease for office equipment.  The previous lease for office equipment 
expired in March 2022.  The quarterly lease payments under both lease agreements remained fixed throughout the term of the lease.  
Payments pursuant to the lease agreements for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $6,000, $5,000 and $19,000, respectively.   

Rent expense for all operating leases except those with terms of 12 months or less comprises:  

 (in thousands) 

Minimum rentals 
Contingent rentals 

For the Twelve Months 
Ended December 31, 

2023 

2022 

$ 

$ 

34  
---  
34  

$ 

$ 

32 
--- 
32 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows: 

 (in thousands) 

Twelve Months Ended 
December 31, 2023 

Twelve Months Ended 
December 31, 2022 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease 

liabilities:  

     Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: 
     Operating leases 

$ 

$ 

34   

506   

$ 

$ 

32 

467 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows: 

 (in thousands, except lease term and discount rate) 

Operating Leases:  
     Operating lease right-of-use assets 

     Other current liabilities 
     Operating lease liabilities 
Total operating lease liabilities 

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term 
     Operating leases 
Weighted Average Discount Rate 
     Operating leases 

December 31, 2023    

  December 31, 2022 

$ 

$ 

$ 

506    $ 

9   
503   
512    $ 

467   

2   
466   
468   

58 years   

5.0%   

61 years   

5.0%   

Maturities of operating lease liabilities that have initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of one year as of December 
31, 2023 are as follows: 

Year 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
Thereafter 
     Total undiscounted lease payments 
     Less effects of discounting  
     Total lease liabilities recognized 

(in thousands) 
Operating Leases 

35 
35 
35 
35 
29 
1,429 
1,598 
(1,086) 
512 

$   

$   

As of December 31, 2023, we have not entered into finance leases that will commence at a future date. 

NOTE 4 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The  following  methods  and  assumptions  were  used  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  each  class  of  financial  instrument  for  which  it  is 
practicable to estimate that value. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
Current Assets and Liabilities 

For those current assets and liabilities that are considered financial instruments, the carrying amounts approximate fair value because of 
the short maturity of those instruments.  Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair value of such financial instruments is classified as a 
Level 1. 

Long-term Financial Liabilities 

As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, all of the Company’s outstanding long-term debt interest rates were a fixed rate.  The 
fair value of the Company’s long-term debt is determined by discounting their future cash flows using current market interest rates on 
similar instruments with comparable maturities consistent with FASB ASC 825.  Under the fair value hierarchy, the fair value  of the 
long-term debt in the table below is classified as Level 2 measurements.  Level 2 is valued using observable inputs other than quoted 
prices.  The fair values for long-term debt differ from the carrying values primarily due to interest rates that differ from the current 
market interest rates.  The carrying amount and fair value of Artesian Resources' long-term debt (including current portion) are shown 
below: 

In thousands 

Carrying amount 
Estimated fair value 

December 31, 

$ 

2023 
180,542   $ 
162,720     

2022 
177,622 
155,425 

The fair value of Advances for Construction cannot be reasonably estimated due to the inability to estimate accurately the timing and 
amounts of future refunds expected to be paid over the life of the contracts.  Refund payments are  based on the water sales to new 
customers in the particular development constructed.  The fair value of Advances for Construction would be less than the carrying 
amount because these financial instruments are non-interest bearing. 

NOTE 5 – INCOME TAXES 

Deferred income taxes are provided in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 on all differences between the tax basis of assets and 
liabilities and the amounts at which they are carried in the consolidated financial statements based on the enacted tax rates expected to 
be in effect when such temporary differences are expected to reverse.  The Company’s rate regulated subsidiaries recognize regulatory 
liabilities, to the extent considered in ratemaking, for deferred taxes provided in excess of the current statutory tax rate and regulatory 
assets  for  deferred  taxes  provided  at  rates  less  than  the  current  statutory  rate.    Such  tax-related  regulatory  assets  and  liabilities  are 
reported at the revenue requirement level and amortized to income as the related temporary differences reverse, generally over the lives 
of the related properties. 

As of December 31, 2023, the Company has separate company state net operating loss carry-forwards aggregating approximately $15.7 
million.  Most of these net operating loss carry-forwards will not expire, with a negligible amount expiring in 2024.  The Company has 
recorded a valuation allowance to reflect the estimated amount of deferred tax assets that may not be realized in the future.  The valuation 
allowance increased to approximately $906,000 in 2023 from approximately $600,000 in 2022.  Management believes that it is more 
likely than not that the Company will realize the benefit of these deferred tax assets, net of the valuation allowance. 

Components of Income Tax Expense 

In thousands 
Federal income taxes 

Current 
Deferred 

Total federal income tax expense 

State income taxes 

Current 
Deferred 

Total state income tax expense 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2021 
2022 
2023 

1,946   $ 
1,968     
3,914   $ 

2,912   $ 
930     
3,842   $ 

2,144 
1,601 
3,745 

For the Year Ended December 31, 
2021 
2022 
2023 

1,016    $ 
1,418     
2,434   $ 

1,373    $ 
663     
2,036   $ 

1,216  
776 
1,992 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

47 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
   
 
  
   
   
  
 
 
 
Reconciliation of effective tax rate: 

In thousands 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 

Income before federal and state income 

For the Year Ended December 31, 

2023 
Amount 

2023 
Percent 

2022 

   Amount 

2022 
Percent 

2021 

   Amount 

2021 
Percent 

taxes 

$ 

23,047     

100.0%   $ 

23,876     

100.0%   $ 

22,564     

100.0% 

Amount computed at statutory rate 
Reconciling items 

4,840     

21.0%     

5,014     

21.0%     

4,738     

21.0% 

State income tax-net of federal tax benefit    
Regulatory liability adjustment 
Other 

Total income tax expense and effective rate  $ 

1,918     
(449)    
39     
6,348     

8.3%     
(1.9)%     
.2%     
27.6%   $ 

1,696     
(450)     
(382)     
5,878     

7.1%     
(1.9)%     
(1.6)%     
24.6%   $ 

1,600     
(451)     
(150)     
5,737     

7.1% 
(2.0)% 
(0.7)% 
25.4% 

Deferred income taxes at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were comprised of the following: 

In thousands 

Deferred tax assets related to: 
State operating loss carry-forwards 
Less: valuation allowance 
Bad debt allowance 
Stock options 
Other 

Total deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities related to: 
Property plant and equipment basis differences 
Bond retirement costs 
Property taxes 
Other 

Total deferred tax liabilities 

For the Year Ended 
December 31, 

2023 

2022 

1,037   $ 
(906)     
92     
47     
48     
318   $ 

922   
(600)   
116   
47   
28   
513   

(56,012)   $ 
(982)    
(624)     
(1,081)     
(58,699)   $ 

(52,565)   
(1,058)   
(609)   
(833)   
(55,065)   

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Net deferred tax liability 

$ 

(58,381)   $ 

(54,552)   

Schedule of Valuation Allowance 

In thousands 

Classification 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 Valuation allowance for 

deferred tax assets 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 Valuation allowance for 

deferred tax assets 

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 Valuation allowance for 

deferred tax assets 

Balance at 
Beginning of 
Period 

Additions 
 Charged to 
Costs and 
Expenses 

   Deductions   

Balance at 
End of Period 

$ 

$ 

$ 

600 

  $ 

312 

546 

  $ 

493 

  $ 

54 

53 

$ 

$ 

$ 

6 

  $ 

906 

--- 

  $ 

600 

--- 

  $ 

546 

48 

   
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
   
  
      
      
      
      
      
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
  
    
  
  
    
  
 
  
  
  
   
  
      
    
 
 
    
   
  
      
    
 
  
  
   
  
      
    
 
  
      
    
   
 
  
      
    
 
   
  
  
    
    
    
   
  
    
    
    
  
    
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
Under FASB ASC Topic 740, the Company establishes reserves for uncertain tax positions based upon management’s judgment as to 
the sustainability of these positions.  The Company reserved a liability related to the difference in the tax depreciation utilizing the half-
year convention rather than the mid-quarter convention for 2018. 

The following table provides the changes in the Company's 
uncertain tax position: 

For the years ended December 31, 

In thousands 

Balance at beginning of year 

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year  

Additions based on tax positions related to prior years 

Reductions for tax positions of prior years 

Lapses in statutes of limitations 

Balance at end of year 

2023 

146 

— 

 12 

— 

— 

158 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2022 

202 

146 

 10 

— 

(212) 

146 

NOTE 6 – PREFERRED STOCK 

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, Artesian Resources had no preferred stock outstanding.  Artesian Resources has 100,000 shares of 
$1.00 par value Series Preferred stock authorized but unissued. 

NOTE 7 – COMMON STOCK AND ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL 

The Class A Non-Voting Common Stock, or Class A Non-Voting Stock, of Artesian Resources trades on the Nasdaq Global Select 
Market under the symbol ARTNA.  The Class B Common Stock, or Class B Stock, of Artesian Resources trades on the Nasdaq's OTC 
Bulletin Board under the symbol ARTNB.  The rights of the holders of the Class A Non-Voting Stock and the Class B Stock are identical, 
except with respect to voting. 

Under Artesian Resources' dividend reinvestment plan, which allows for reinvestment of cash dividends and optional cash payments, 
stockholders were issued approximately 8,000, 7,000 and 10,000 shares at fair market value for the investment of $381,000, $373,000, 
and $392,000 of their monies in the years 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

NOTE 8 – DEBT 

At December 31, 2023, Artesian Resources had a $40 million line of credit with Citizens Bank, or Citizens, which is available to all 
subsidiaries of Artesian Resources.  As of December 31, 2023, there was $40.0 million of available funds under this line of credit.  The 
previous interest rate for borrowings under this line was the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus 1.00%.  The LIBOR rate 
for USD currency was discontinued as of June 30, 2023.  As a result, effective May 20, 2022, this line of credit agreement was amended 
to replace LIBOR with the Daily Secured Overnight Financing Rate, or SOFR.  The interest rate is a one-month SOFR plus 10 basis 
points, or Term SOFR, plus an applicable margin of 0.85%, which was increased to 1.10% effective August 3, 2023.  Term SOFR 
cannot  be  less  than  0.00%.    This  is  a  demand  line  of  credit  and  therefore  the  financial  institution  may  demand  payment  for  any 
outstanding amounts at any time.  The term of this line of credit expires on the earlier of May 20, 2024 or any date on which Citizens 
demands payment.  The Company expects to renew this line of credit. 

At December 31, 2023, Artesian Water had a $20 million line of credit with CoBank, ACB, or CoBank, that allows for the financing of 
operations  for  Artesian  Water,  with  up  to  $10  million  of  this  line  available  for  the  operations  of  Artesian  Water  Maryland.    As  of 
December 31, 2023, there was $20.0 million of available funds under this line of credit.  The previous interest rate for borrowings under 
this  line  allowed  the  Company  to  select  either  LIBOR  plus  1.50%  or  a  weekly  variable  rate  established  by  CoBank;  the  Company 
historically used the weekly variable interest rate.  In October 2022, this line of credit was amended to replace the previous interest rate 
options with a daily SOFR rate plus 1.45% option or a term SOFR rate plus 1.45% option that is locked in for either one or three months.  
The term of this line of credit expires on October 31, 2024.  Artesian Water expects to renew this line of credit. 

CoBank may make an annual patronage refund based on the average line of credit and loan volume outstanding in the prior year.  The 
$20 million line of credit, the First Mortgage Bonds and the promissory note are with CoBank.  Patronage refunds earned by Artesian 
in 2023 and 2022 were $1.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The weighted average interest rate on the lines of credit discussed above paid by the Company was 6.27% for the year ended December 
31, 2023.  These lines of credit, as well as the long-term debt obligations shown below, require us to abide by certain financial covenants 
and ratios.  As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with these financial covenants. 

Long-term debt consists of: 

In thousands 
First mortgage bonds 

Series R, 5.96%, due December 31, 2028 
Series S, 4.45%, due December 31, 2033 
Series T, 4.24%, due December 20, 2036 
Series U, 4.71%, due January 31, 2038 
Series V, 4.42%, due October 31, 2049 
Series W, 4.43%, due April 30, 2047 

$ 

State revolving fund loans 

3.57%, due September 1, 2023 
3.64%, due May 1, 2025 
3.41%, due February 1, 2031 
3.40%, due July 1, 2032 
1.187%, due November 1, 2041 
1.187%, due November 1, 2041 
1.187%, due November 1, 2041 
2.00%, due February 1, 2043 
2.00%, due February 1, 2043 
2.00%, due June 1, 2043 
2.00%, due June 1, 2043 
2.00%, due February 1, 2044 
2.00%, due January 1, 2043 

Notes Payable 

Promissory Note, 5.12%, due December 30, 2028 
Asset Purchase, 2.00%, due May 26, 2027 

$ 

Sub-total 

Less: current maturities (principal amount) 

December 31, 

2023 

2022 

25,000 
6,000 
40,000 
25,000 
30,000 
30,000 
156,000 

--- 
228 
1,415 
1,445 
588 
690 
1,075 
828 
1,143 
1,002 
1,022 
2,696 
1,000 
13,132 

10,155 
1,255 
11,410 

180,542 

2,235 

$ 

25,000 
6,600 
40,000 
25,000 
30,000 
30,000 
156,600 

102 
373 
1,577 
1,590 
617 
724 
1,128 
846 
974 
1,044 
--- 
--- 
1,044 
8,975 

$ 

10,478 
1,569 
12,047 

177,622 

2,003 

Total long-term debt 

$ 

178,307 

  $ 

175,619 

Payments of principal amounts due during the next five years and thereafter:  

In thousands 
First Mortgage bonds 
State revolving fund loans 
Asset Purchase-Contractual Obligation 
Promissory note 
Total payments 

2024   

600   $ 
756    
314    
565    
2,235   $ 

2025   

600   $ 
852     
314     
480     
2,246   $ 

2026   

600   $ 
794     
314     
505     
2,213   $ 

2027   

600   $ 
813     
313     
532     
2,258   $ 

2028    Thereafter 
128,000 
9,083 
--- 
7,514 
144,597 

25,600   $ 
834    
---    
559    
26,993   $ 

$ 

$ 

Substantially all of Artesian Water's utility plant is pledged as security for our First Mortgage Bonds.  As of December 31, 2023, no 
other water utility plant has been pledged as security for loans.  Two parcels of land in Artesian Wastewater are pledged as security for 
the promissory note.   

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NOTE 9 – STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS 

On December 9, 2015, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2015 Equity Compensation Plan, or the 2015 Plan, that replaced the 
2005 Equity Compensation Plan, or the 2005 Plan, which expired on May 24, 2015. The 2015 Plan provides that grants may be in  any 
of the following forms: incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock units, stock awards, dividend equivalents and  other 
stock-based awards.  The 2015 Plan is administered and interpreted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, or the 
Committee.  The Committee has the authority to determine the individuals to whom grants will be made under the 2015 Plan, determine 
the  type, size  and terms of the  grants, determine  the  time  when grants will be made and the duration of any applicable exercise or 
restriction  period  (subject  to  the  limitations  of  the  2015  Plan)  and  deal  with  any  other  matters  arising  under  the  2015  Plan.    The 
Committee presently consists of three directors, each of whom is a non-employee director of the Company. All of the employees of the 
Company and its subsidiaries are eligible for grants under the 2015 Plan.  Non-employee directors of the Company are also eligible to 
receive grants under the 2015 Plan.  The Company accounts for stock options issued after January 1, 2006 under FASB ASC Topic 718.  

Compensation expenses for restricted stock awards were $254,000, $152,000 and $193,000 in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  Costs 
were determined based on the fair value on the dates of the awards and those costs were charged to income over the service periods 
associated with the awards.  As of December 31, 2023, there was $97,000 of unrecognized expense related to non-vested awards of 
restricted shares granted under the 2015 Plan.   

There was no stock compensation cost capitalized as part of an asset. 

The following summary reflects changes in the shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock under option: 

Plan options 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 

Outstanding at end of year 

2023  
Weighted  
Average  
Exercise  
Price 

2023  
Shares 

2022 
Weighted  
Average  
Exercise  
Price 

2021 
Shares 

2021 
Weighted  
Average  
Exercise  
Price 

2022  
Shares 

6,750   $ 
—     
(6,750)     
—     
---   $ 

21.86   
—   
21.86   
—   
---   

83,000   $ 
—     
(76,250)     
—     

21.65     
—     
21.63     
—     

116,347   $ 
—     
(33,347)     
—     

6,750   $ 

21.86     

83,000   $ 

20.90 
— 
19.04 
— 

21.65 

Options exercisable at year end 

---   $ 

---   

6,750   $ 

21.86     

83,000   $ 

21.65 

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $137,000, $2,226,000 and $736,000, respectively. During 
2023, we received $148,000 in cash from the exercise of options, with a $410,000 tax benefit realized for those options. 

The following table summarizes information about employee and director stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 
2023: 

Options Outstanding and Exercisable 

Range of Exercise  
Price 

Shares Outstanding at  
December 31, 2023 

Weighted Average  
Remaining Life 

Weighted Average  
Exercise Price 

Aggregate Intrinsic  
Value 

$ 

$00.00   

0   

0 Years   $ 

00.00   $ 

0 

As of December 31, 2023, there were no outstanding option shares.   

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The following summary reflects changes in the shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock Restricted Stock Awards (RSA): 

2023 
Weighted  
Average  
Grant Date 
Fair Value   

2023  
Shares 

2022 
Shares 

2022 
Weighted  
Average  
Grant Date 
Fair Value    

2021  
Shares 

2021 
Weighted  
Average  
Exercise  
Price 

5,000   $ 
5,000     
(5,000)     
—     
5,000   $ 

45.58   
54.88  
45.58   
—   
54.88   

5,000   $ 
5,000     
(5,000)     
—     
5,000   $ 

40.11     
45.58     
40.11     
—     
45.58     

5,000   $ 
5,000     
(5,000)     
—     
5,000   $ 

35.01 
40.11 
35.01 
— 
40.11 

Plan RSA’s 

Outstanding at beginning of year 
Granted 
Vested/Released  
Cancelled 
Unvested Outstanding at end of year 

Stock Options 

No options were granted in 2023, 2022 or 2021. 

Shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock have been reserved for future issuance under the 2015 Plan. 

Stock Awards 

On May 9, 2023, 5,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting Common Stock, or Class A Non-Voting Stock, were granted as restricted stock 
awards.  The fair value per share was $54.88, the closing price of the Class A Non-Voting Stock as recorded on the Nasdaq Global 
Select Market on May 9, 2023.  Prior to their release date, these restricted stock awards may be subject to forfeiture in the event of the 
recipient’s termination of service. 

On May 3, 2022, 5,000 shares of Class A  Non-Voting Stock, were granted as restricted stock awards.  The fair value per share was 
$45.58, the closing price of the Class A Non-Voting Stock as recorded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on May 3, 2022.  These 
shares were fully vested and released one year after the grant date. 

On May 4, 2021, 5,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock were granted as restricted stock awards.  The fair value per share was 
$40.11, the closing price of the Class A Non-Voting Stock as recorded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on May  4, 2021. These 
shares were fully vested and released one year after the grant date.  

As of December 31, 2023, there was $97,000 of total unrecognized expense related to non-vested awards of restricted shares awarded 
under the 2015 Plan.  The cost will be recognized over 0.35 years, the remaining vesting period for the restricted stock awards.   

The total intrinsic value of awards released during 2023 was approximately $272,600. 

NOTE 10 – EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS  

401(k) Plan 

Artesian  Resources  has  a  defined  contribution  401(k)  Salary  Reduction  Plan,  or  the  401(k)  Plan,  which  covers  substantially  all 
employees.  Under the terms of the 401(k) Plan, Artesian Resources contributed 2% of eligible salaries and wages and matched employee 
contributions up to 6% of gross pay at a rate of 50%.  The 401(k) Plan also provides additional retirement benefits to full-time employees 
hired prior to April 26, 1994, allowing them to save for future retiree medical costs that will be paid by employees by providing additional 
cash resources to those employees upon a termination of employment or retirement to meet the cost of future medical expenses.  These 
eligible employees receive an additional contribution of 6% of eligible salaries and wages.  The 401(k) Plan expenses, which include 
Company contributions and administrative fees, for the years 2023, 2022 and 2021, were approximately $1.4 million, $1.3 million and 
$1.2 million, respectively. 

NOTE 11 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Leases 

The Company’s leases are disclosed in Note 3 – Leases.   

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Easements 

During  2003,  Artesian  Water  Pennsylvania  entered  into  a  40-year  easement  agreement  to  acquire  an  easement  to  access,  operate, 
maintain,  repair,  improve,  replace  and  connect  Artesian’s  water  system  to  a  well,  including  a  parcel  of  land  around  the  well.  
Management  made  certain  estimates  and  assumptions  regarding  the  separation  of  lease  and  non-lease  components  related  to  this 
easement  agreement.    It  was  determined  that  the  majority  of  this  easement  agreement  contains  non-lease  components.    Easement 
payments, including both lease and non-lease components, for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $45,000, $43,000 and $42,000, respectively.   

Artesian Wastewater entered into a perpetual agreement for the use of approximately 460 acres of land in Sussex County, Delaware for 
wastewater disposal.  Beginning November 2016, Artesian Wastewater was required to pay a minimum of $40,000 per year for the use 
of this land.  Once operations began in 2021, the monthly fee is based on the volume of wastewater disposed on the properties charged 
at a rate per one thousand gallons of wastewater, providing for a minimum monthly payment.  Payments for 2023, 2022 and 2021 were 
$126,000, $113,000, $65,000, respectively.  The agreement can be terminated by giving 180-day notice prior to the termination date. 

Future minimum annual payments related to the easement agreements noted above for the years subsequent to 2023 are as follows: 

In thousands 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 through 2043 

Interconnections 

$ 

$ 

67 
47 
49 
50 
52 
868 
1,133 

Artesian Water has one water service interconnection agreement with a neighboring utility, Chester Water Authority.  The agreement is 
effective from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2026,  includes automatic five-year renewal terms, unless terminated by either 
party,  and has a “take or pay” clause  which required us to purchase water on a  step-down schedule through July 5, 2022, and  now 
requires us to purchase a minimum of 0.5 million gallons per day.  Rates charged under this agreement are subject to change with notice.   

Artesian Water Maryland has one interconnection agreement with the Town of North East that has a “take or pay” clause requiring us 
to purchase a minimum of 35,000 gallons per day.  The agreement extends through June 2024.  The agreement includes two automatic 
five-year renewal terms, unless terminated by either party. 

The minimum annual purchase commitments for all interconnection agreements for 2024 through 2028, calculated at the noticed rates, 
are as follows: 

In thousands 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 

$ 

$ 

870 
881 
881 
57 
57 
2,746 

Expenses for purchased water were $1.3 million, $1.8 million and $4.3 million for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Other Commitments 

In April 2021, Artesian Water entered into a 3-year agreement with Worldwide Industries Corporation effective July 1, 2021 to paint 
elevated water storage tanks.  Pursuant to the agreement, the total expenditure for the three years was $1.2 million.  In September 2022, 
this agreement was amended to paint an additional elevated water storage tank and to extend the term of the agreement for an additional 
year.  Pursuant to the amended agreement, the total expenditure for the four years is $2.2 million.  Tank painting expense for 2023, 2022 
and 2021 was $689,000, $531,000, and $222,000, respectively.  

53 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
Budgeted mandatory utility plant expenditures, due to planned governmental highway projects, which require the relocation of 
Artesian Water's water service mains, expected to be incurred in 2024 through 2026 are as follows: 

In thousands 
2024 
2025 
2026 

$ 

$ 

8,200 
8,500 
8,550 
25,250 

The exact timing and extent of these relocation projects is controlled primarily by the Delaware Department of Transportation. 

NOTE 12 - GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATION OF CUSTOMERS 

Artesian Water, Artesian Water Maryland and Artesian Water Pennsylvania provide regulated water utility service to customers within 
their established service territory in all three counties of Delaware and in portions of Maryland and Pennsylvania, pursuant to rates filed 
with and approved by the DEPSC, the MDPSC and the PAPUC.  As of December 31, 2023, Artesian Water was serving approximately 
95,900 customers, Artesian Water Maryland was serving approximately 2,600 customers and Artesian Water Pennsylvania was serving 
approximately 40 customers. 

Artesian Wastewater and TESI provide regulated wastewater utility service to customers within their established service territory in 
Sussex County, Delaware pursuant to rates filed with and approved by the DEPSC.  The number of wastewater customers served more 
than doubled following the acquisition of TESI in January 2022.  As of December 31, 2023, Artesian Wastewater and TESI were 
serving approximately 8,100 customers combined, including one large industrial customer. 

NOTE 13 – REGULATORY PROCEEDINGS  

Our water and wastewater utilities generate operating revenue from customers based on rates that are established by state public service 
commissions through a rate-setting process that may include public hearings, evidentiary hearings and the submission of evidence and 
testimony in support of the Company’s requested level of rates. 

We are subject to regulation by the following state regulatory commissions: 
· 
· 
· 

The DEPSC regulates Artesian Water, Artesian Wastewater, and TESI. 
The MDPSC regulates both Artesian Water Maryland and Artesian Wastewater Maryland. 
The PAPUC regulates Artesian Water Pennsylvania. 

Our water and wastewater utility operations are also subject to regulation under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974, or Safe 
Drinking Water Act, the Clean Water Act of 1972, or the Clean Water Act, and related state laws, and under federal and state regulations 
issued under these laws.  These laws and regulations establish criteria and standards for drinking water and for wastewater discharges.  
Capital  expenditures  and  operating  costs  required  as  a  result  of  water  quality  standards  and  environmental  requirements  have  been 
traditionally recognized by state regulatory commissions as appropriate for inclusion in establishing rates. 

Water and Wastewater Rates 

Our  regulated  subsidiaries  periodically  seek  rate  increases  to  cover  the  cost  of  increased  operating  expenses,  increased  financing 
expenses due to additional investments in utility plant and other costs of doing business.  In Delaware, utilities are permitted by law to 
place rates into effect, under bond, on a temporary basis pending completion of a rate increase proceeding.  Any DSIC rate in effect will 
be reset to zero upon implementation of a temporary increase in base rates charged to customers.  The first temporary increase may be 
up to the lesser of $2.5 million on an annual basis or 15% of gross water sales.  Should the rate case not be completed within  seven 
months, by law, the utility may put the entire requested rate relief, up to  15% of gross water sales, in effect under bond until a final 
resolution is ordered and placed into effect.  If any such rates are found to be in excess of rates the DEPSC finds to be appropriate, the 
utility  must  refund  customers  the  portion  found  to  be  in  excess  with  interest.  The  timing  of  our  rate  increase  requests  is  therefore 
dependent upon the estimated cost of the administrative process in relation to the investments and expenses that we hope to recover 
through the rate increase.  We can provide no assurances that rate increase requests will be approved by applicable regulatory agencies 
and, if approved, we cannot guarantee that these rate increases will be granted in a timely or sufficient manner to cover the investments 
and expenses for which we initially sought the rate increase. 

Artesian Water filed an initial request with the DEPSC on April 28, 2023, further supplemented with a request filed on November 30, 
2023, to implement new rates to meet a requested increase in revenue of  22.66%, or approximately $16.7 million, on an annualized 
54 

 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
basis.  The actual effective increase is less than 22.66% since Artesian Water has been permitted to recover specific investments made 
in infrastructure through the assessment of a 7.50% DSIC.  Since the DSIC rate is set to zero when temporary rates are placed into effect, 
customers would experience an incremental increase of  15.16%, the net of the overall 22.66% increase less the DSIC rate of 7.50% 
currently in effect, if the requested increase is granted in full by the DEPSC.  The new rates are designed to support Artesian Water’s 
ongoing capital improvement program and to cover increased costs of operations, including chemicals and electricity for water treatment, 
water quality testing, fuel, taxes, interest, labor and benefits.  In accordance with applicable Delaware law, Artesian Water is permitted 
to implement a temporary base rate increase of 15% of gross water sales on an annual basis or $2.5 million, whichever is lower, 60 days 
after the application is filed.  Since Artesian Water had DSIC surcharges in excess of the allowable temporary increase and imposing 
the temporary increase would have require DSIC to be reset to zero, Artesian Water elected not to request the initial temporary rate 
increase.  However, since the application was not resolved within the seven-month statutory timeframe, in accordance with applicable 
Delaware law, Artesian Water is permitted a temporary base rate increase of up to 15% of gross water sales on an annual basis.  Artesian 
Water filed an interim rates application, which was approved, to place into effect on November 28, 2023 a temporary base rate increase 
of 15% of gross water sales on an annual basis and reducing the 7.5% DSIC rate to zero, with such interim rates subject to refund, until 
permanent rates are determined by the DEPSC.  As of December 31, 2023, no amounts were held in reserve related to the temporary 
base rate increase.  Artesian Water’s last comprehensive application for an increase in base rate charges was filed in April 2014. 

Other Proceedings 

Delaware law permits water utilities to put into effect, on a semi-annual basis, increases related to specific types of distribution system 
improvements through a DSIC.  This charge  may be  implemented by water utilities between general rate  increase applications that 
normally recognize changes in a water utility's overall financial position.  The DSIC approval process is less costly when compared to 
the  approval process for general rate  increase requests.  The DSIC rate  applied between base rate  filings is capped at  7.50% of the 
amount billed to customers under otherwise applicable rates and charges, and the DSIC rate increase applied cannot exceed 5.0% within 
any 12-month period. 

The following table summarizes (1) Artesian Water’s application with the DEPSC to collect DSIC rates and (2) the rate upon which 
eligible plant improvements are based: 

Application Date 
DEPSC Approval Date 
Effective Date 
Cumulative DSIC Rate 
Net Eligible Plant Improvements – 
Cumulative Dollars (in millions) 
Eligible Plant Improvements – 
Installed Beginning Date 
Eligible Plant Improvements – 
Installed Ending Date 

11/20/2020 
12/14/2020 
01/01/2021 
7.50% 
$43.1 

10/01/2014 

04/30/2019 

The rate reflects the eligible plant improvements installed through April 30, 2019.  The January 1, 2021 rate  was reset to zero when 
temporary rates were placed into effect on November 28, 2023 and is subject to periodic audit by the DEPSC.   For the years ended 
December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we earned approximately $4.7 million, $5.1 million and $5.1 million 
in DSIC revenue, respectively.   

NOTE 14 – NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE AND EQUITY PER COMMON SHARE 

Basic net income per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted net income per share is 
based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, the potentially dilutive effect of employee stock options  and 
restricted stock awards.  The following table summarizes the shares used in computing basic and diluted net income per share: 

For the Year 
Ended December 31, 
2022 
(in thousands) 

2023 

2021 

Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period for basic computation 
Dilutive effect of employee stock options 
Weighted average common shares outstanding during the period for diluted computation   

10,018     
4     
10,022     

9,462     
19     
9,481     

9,394 
32 
9,426 

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For the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021, no shares of restricted stock awards were excluded from the calculations of diluted net income 
per share.  Due to unrecognized compensation costs, the hypothetical repurchase of shares  exceeded the number of restricted shares 
expected to vest during the period, creating an anti-dilutive effect.  For the years ended 2023, 2022 and 2021, no stock options were 
excluded from the calculations of diluted net income per share. 

The Company has 15,000,000 authorized shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock, and 1,040,000 authorized shares of Class B Stock.  As 
of  December  31,  2023,  9,404,311  shares  of  Class  A  Non-Voting  Stock  and  881,452  shares  of  Class  B  Stock  were  issued  and 
outstanding.  As of December 31, 2022, 8,621,415  shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock and 881,452 shares of Class B Stock were 
issued and outstanding.  As of December 31, 2021, 8,532,795 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock and 881,452 shares of Class B Stock 
were issued and outstanding.  The par value for both classes is $1.00 per share.   

Equity  per  common  share  was  $23.00,  $19.86,  and  $18.94  at  December  31,  2023,  December  31,  2022,  and  December  31,  2021, 
respectively.  These amounts were computed by dividing common stockholders' equity by the number of weighted average shares of 
common stock outstanding on December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. 

NOTE 15 – COMMON STOCK OFFERING 

On May 23, 2023, the Company completed the sale of 695,650 shares of its Class A Non-Voting Stock, par value $1.00 per share, at a 
price to the public of $50 per share.  The net proceeds to the Company from the offering, after deducting the underwriting discounts and 
commissions and other offering costs, were approximately $33.0 million.  The Company also granted the underwriter a 30-day option 
to purchase up to an additional 104,348 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount.  
On June 16, 2023, the underwriter exercised its over-allotment option to purchase 67,689 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock at the 
public offering price.  The net proceeds to the Company resulting from the exercise of the over-allotment option, after deducting the 
underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering costs, were approximately $3.2 million.  All of the shares of Class A Non-
Voting Stock sold in the offering were offered by the Company. 

The proceeds from both the initial offering and the over-allotment option were used to repay short-term borrowings through our lines 
of credit with Citizens Bank and CoBank, incurred primarily to finance capital expenditures, including investment in utility plant and 
equipment, and other general corporate purposes. 

NOTE 16 - BUSINESS COMBINATIONS 

As part of the Company’s growth strategy, on January 14, 2022 Artesian Wastewater completed its agreement to acquire TESI, which 
provides regulated wastewater services in Delaware.  Artesian Wastewater purchased all of the stock of TESI from Middlesex Water 
Company for $6.4 million in cash and other consideration, including forgiveness of a $2.1 million note due from Middlesex, consisting 
of $3.1 million paid at closing.  This acquisition more than doubled the number of wastewater customers served by Artesian in Sussex 
County, Delaware.  The acquisition is being accounted for as a business combination under ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations.”  
The purchase price allocation is primarily attributed to intangible assets and utility plant assets acquired and liabilities assumed based 
on their respective estimated fair values.  The acquisition method of accounting requires, among other things, that assets acquired, and 
liabilities assumed in a business purchase combination be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date.  A combination of 
methods was used to determine the reasonableness of the purchase price: the cost approach and the comparative sales (market) approach.  
Given  the  majority  of  the  net  assets  acquired  were  tangible  utility  plant  assets  and  related  contributions  in  aid  of  construction,  the 
Company primarily utilized the cost approach to record the fair value of the assets as well as some of the assumed liabilities.  This 
approach values the underlying assets to derive market value based on the estimated replacement cost, adjusted for depreciation.  Real 
property was valued using the comparative sales approach.  Goodwill was  recognized primarily as a result of expected synergies of 
operations and interconnections to our existing utility plant infrastructure.  Goodwill as a result of the transaction is not expected to be 
deductible for tax purposes.   

The TESI acquisition was approved by the DEPSC on October 27, 2021, subject to the DEPSC determining the appropriate ratemaking 
treatment of the acquisition price and the assets acquired in Artesian Wastewater’s next base rate case.   

The results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 related to the business acquired are included 
in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.   

The table below sets forth the final purchase price allocation of this acquisition as of December 31, 2022.   

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands) 

Utility plant 
Cash 
Goodwill 
Other assets 
Total assets 
Less: Liabilities and contributions in aid of construction (CIAC) 
   Liabilities 
   CIAC 
Net cash purchase price 

TESI 

25,354 
280 
1,939 
1,033 
28,606 

2,808 
22,676 
3,122 

$ 

$ 

Additionally, as part of the Company’s growth strategy, on May 26, 2022, Artesian Water completed its purchase of substantially all of 
the water system operating assets from the Town of Clayton, or Clayton, a Delaware municipality located in Kent County, Delaware, 
including Clayton’s exclusive franchise territory and the right to provide water service to Clayton’s existing customers, or the Clayton 
Water System.  The total purchase price was $5.0 million, less the current payoff amount of secured debt or debt associated with the 
Clayton Water System.  At closing, Artesian Water paid approximately $3.4 million of the total purchase price.  The remaining $1.6 
million is payable in five equal annual installments on the anniversary date of the closing.   The first installment payment was paid in 
May 2023.  Each annual installment is payable with interest at an annual rate of 2.0%.  The acquisition was accounted for as a business 
combination under ASC Topic 805.  The purchase price allocation is $7.9 million of utility plant assets offset by $2.9 million of CIAC.  
The Company utilized similar valuation methodologies to those described above.   

This transfer of Clayton’s exclusive franchise territory was approved by the DEPSC on April 20, 2022.  The DEPSC will determine the 
appropriate ratemaking treatment of the acquisition price and the assets acquired in Artesian Water’s next base rate case.  The pro forma 
effects of the business acquired are not material to the Company’s financial position or results of operations based on estimated annual 
revenue of approximately $0.5 million related to customers acquired. 

As of December 31, 2022, the fair value determinations for TESI and the water operating assets acquired from the Town of Clayton 
were finalized. 

NOTE 17 - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

Periodically, we are involved in other proceedings or litigation arising in the ordinary course of business.  We do not believe that the 
ultimate resolution of these matters will materially affect our business, financial position or results of operations.  However, we cannot 
ensure  that  we  will  prevail  in  any  litigation  and,  regardless  of  the  outcome,  may  incur  significant  litigation  expense  and  may have 
significant diversion of management attention. 

Several of the water systems of Artesian Resources’ subsidiaries are eligible claimants in two multi-district litigation, or MDL, class 
action settlements designed to resolve Claims for PFAS contamination in Public Water Systems’ Drinking Water, as those terms  are 
defined in the respective Agreements (the “Settlements”), which are with two groups of settling defendants on behalf of: (1) the 3M 
company (“3M”); and (2) E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company (n/k/a Eidp, Inc.), Dupont de Nemours Inc., The Chemours Company, 
The Chemours Company FC, LLC, and Corteva, Inc. (collectively, “Dupont”).  Both of these Settlements are designed to resolve Claims 
for PFAS contamination in Public Water Systems’ Drinking Water, as those terms are defined in the respective Agreements.  Both of 
the proposed Settlements are still subject to final approval by the MDL Judge, the honorable Richard M. Gergel of the United States 
District Court for the District of South Carolina.  Artesian Resources’ eligible systems have remained in the multi-district litigation class 
action settlements with 3M and DuPont, having elected not to opt out in advance of the opt-out deadline.  The amount of any recovery, 
if any, by Artesian Resources’ subsidiaries is uncertain. 

On July 19, 2022, final judgment was entered by the United States District Court, or Court, for a Consent Decree between the Delaware 
Sand  and  Gravel  Remedial  Trust,  or  Trust,  and  the  United  States  Environmental  Protection  Agency,  or  USEPA,  that  governs  the 
implementation of Amendment No 2 to the USEPA’s 1988 Record of Decision for the Delaware Sand & Gravel Landfill Superfund 
Site, or Site, located in New Castle County, Delaware, issued on December 12, 2017, or ROD Amendment No. 2, confirming, among 
other things, the terms and conditions set forth in a Settlement Agreement upon which The Chemours Company FC, LLC, Hercules, 
LLC,  Waste  Management  of  Delaware,  Inc.,  SC  Holdings,  Inc.,  Cytec  Industries,  Inc.,  Zeneca  Inc.,  and  Bayer  CropScience  Inc., 
collectively the Percentage Settlors, and the Trust, on one hand, and Artesian Water, on the other hand, have agreed to resolve certain 
of Artesian Water’s claims and issues relating to releases of contaminants from the Site.   

ROD Amendment No. 2 sets forth the remedy for the contamination existing at and emanating from the Site, or the Remedy, to address 
a release of contaminants of concern and of emerging concern, or COC’s, from the Site into groundwater.  Artesian Water has found in 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
groundwater that Artesian Water uses for public potable water supply certain COC’s that the Remedy is designed to address, as a result 
of  which  Artesian  has  incurred,  and  potentially  will  incur  additional,  capital  and  operating  costs  to  treat  the  groundwater  to  meet 
applicable drinking water standards.  The Remedy includes requirements that are directly linked to Artesian’s continued operation of 
the treatment plant associated with groundwater around the Site.   

As set forth in the Settlement Agreement, Artesian Water shall have access to financial assurances that the Percentage Settlors have 
provided, or will provide, to the  USEPA  in connection with the Consent Decree governing the implementation of the Remedy.  In 
addition,  the  Trust  shall  reimburse  Artesian  Water  for  past  capital  and  operating  costs,  totaling  approximately $10.0 million.    Two 
installments of approximately $2.5 million each were paid in August 2022 and July 2023.  The remaining $5.0 million is due in two 
equal installments no later than July of 2024 and 2025.  In addition, the Trust shall reimburse Artesian Water for documented reasonable 
and necessary capital and operating costs after July 1, 2021 that Artesian Water incurs to treat Site-related COC’s.  Any reimbursements 
Artesian Water receives from the Trust shall be subject to final determination by the DEPSC as to the appropriate regulatory rate-making 
treatment.    Artesian  Water  received  approval  from  the  DEPSC  in  October  2022  to  refund  the  reimbursements  for  past  capital  and 
operating  costs  to  its  customers.    The  refund  for  the  reimbursements  will  be  applied  to current  and  future  customer bills  in  annual 
installments.  The first two refunds occurred in October 2022 and August 2023.  Future customer refunds will occur no later than August 
2024 and August 2025.  The amount of the credit is calculated by dividing the amount of the reimbursement by the number of eligible 
customers.  Artesian Water will record 2022 and future recovery of capital expenditures as Contributions in Aid of Construction and 
will record expense recovery as an offset to operations and maintenance expense, with the intention that those recoveries will then be 
available for inclusion and consideration in any future rate applications.  The Trust’s reimbursement of such costs shall end if and when, 
based upon testing information from the Trust’s Remedy facilities and Artesian Water’s facilities, treatment of Site-related COC’s is no 
longer necessary for Artesian Water to meet the treatment levels that Artesian Water chooses to not exceed in water it distributes to the 
general public throughout its service territory to provide a margin of safety in complying with applicable drinking water standards. 

NOTE 18 - BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION 

The Company’s operating segments are comprised of its businesses which generate revenues and incur expenses, for which separate 
operational financial information is available and is regularly evaluated by management for the purpose of making operating decisions, 
assessing performance, and allocating resources.  The Company operates its businesses primarily through one reportable segment, the 
Regulated  Utility  segment.    The  Regulated  Utility  segment  is  the  largest  component  of  the  Company’s  business  and  includes  an 
aggregation of our five regulated utility subsidiaries that are in the business of providing regulated water and wastewater services on the 
Delmarva Peninsula.  Our regulated water utility services include treating, distributing, and selling water  to residential, commercial, 
industrial, governmental, municipal and utility customers throughout the State of Delaware and in Cecil County, Maryland and  to a 
residential community in Chester County, Pennsylvania.  Our regulated wastewater utility services include the treatment and disposal 
of wastewater for customers in Sussex County, Delaware.  The Company is subject to regulations as to its rates, services, and other 
matters by the states of Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania with respect to utility service within these states.   

The Company also operates other non-utility businesses, primarily comprised of: Service Line Protection Plan services for water, sewer 
and internal plumbing; design, construction and engineering services; and contract services for the operation and maintenance of water 
and wastewater systems in Delaware and Maryland.  These non-utility businesses do not individually or in the aggregate meet the criteria 
for  disclosure  of  a  reportable  segment  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  and  are  collectively  presented 
throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K within “Other” or “Non-utility”, which is consistent with how management assesses the 
results of these businesses.   

The accounting policies of the  operating segments are the same as those described in Note  1 – Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies.  The Regulated Utility segment includes inter-segment costs related to leased office space provided by one non-utility business, 
calculated on the lower of cost or market method, which are eliminated to reconcile to the Consolidated Statements of Operations.  The 
Regulated Utility segment also allocates certain corporate costs to the non-utility businesses.  The measurement of depreciation, interest, 
and capital expenditures are predominately related to our Regulated Utility segment.  These amounts in our non-utility business are 
negligible and account for approximately less than 1% of consolidated amounts as of  December 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and 
December 31, 2021. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In thousands 

Revenues: 

Regulated Utility 

Other (non-utility) 

Inter-segment elimination 

Consolidated Revenues 

Operating Income: 

Regulated Utility 

Other (non-utility) 

Years Ended December 31, 

2023 

2022 

2021 

  $ 

92,228 

  $ 

89,818 

  $ 

6,877 

(244) 

9,248 

(169) 

   $ 

98,861 

   $ 

98,897 

   $ 

  $ 

  $ 

21,246 

1,200 

22,411 

1,495 

  $ 

Consolidated Operating Income 

   $ 

22,446 

   $ 

23,906 

   $ 

Income Taxes: 

Regulated Utility 

Other (non-utility) 

  $ 

  $ 

5,216 

1,132 

5,091 

787 

  $ 

Consolidated Income Taxes 

   $ 

6,348 

   $ 

5,878 

   $ 

Assets: 

Regulated Utility 
Other (non-utility) 

Consolidated Assets 

  $ 

760,339 
6,493 

  $ 

713,113 
6,678 

   $ 

766,832 

   $ 

719,791 

85,016 

5,996 

(153) 

90,859 

20,950 

1,344 

22,294 

5,146 

591 

5,737 

NOTE 19 - IMPACT OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

In November 2023, the FASB issued amended guidance for improvements to reportable segment disclosures.  The amendments in this 
update require the Company to disclose significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision makers, 
or CODM’s, and are included within each reported measure of segment operating results.  The standard also requires the Company to 
disclose the total amount of any other items included in segment operating results which were not deemed to be significant expenses for 
separate disclosure, along with a qualitative description of the composition of these other items.  In addition, the standard also requires 
disclosure of the CODM’s, title and position, as well as detail on how the CODM uses the reported measure of segment operating results 
to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources.  The standard also aligns interim segment reporting disclosure requirements 
with annual segment reporting disclosure requirements.  The Company will adopt the standard effective with our December 31, 2024 
year end reporting and the standard will be effective for interim reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, 
with early adoption permitted.  The standard requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented.  While the standard requires 
additional disclosures related to the Company’s reportable segments, management does not expect the standard to have an impact on 
the Company’s results of operations or cash flows due to the adoption of this guidance.   

In December 2023, FASB issued amended guidance on Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tax.  The amendments require the 
Company to provide further disaggregated income tax disclosures for specific categories on the effective tax rate reconciliation, as well 
as  additional  information  about  federal,  state/local  and  foreign  income  taxes.    The  standard  also  requires  the  Company  to  annually 
disclose its income taxes paid (net of refunds received), disaggregated by jurisdiction.  The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning 
after  December  15,  2024,  with  early  adoption  permitted.    The  standard  is  to  be  applied  on  a  prospective  basis,  although  optional 
retrospective application is permitted.  While the standard will require additional disclosures related to the Company’s income taxes, 
management does not expect the adoptions of this guidance to have an impact on the Company’s results of operations or cash flows due 
to the adoption of this guidance.   

In  March  2024,  the  SEC  passed  rule  changes  that  will  require  registrants  to  provide  certain  climate-related  information  in  their 
registration statements and annual reports.  The new rules enhance and standardize climate-related disclosures in an effort to provide 
investors with more consistent, comparable and reliable information about the impact of climate-related risks on registrants.  The rules 
require disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in annual reports and registration statements.  Additionally, all registrants would 
be  required  to  provide  numerous  climate-related  disclosures  within  their  financial  statements  and  elsewhere  in  their  filings.    The 
Company is currently evaluating the impact of the rule changes. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Shareholders and Board of Directors 
Artesian Resources Corporation 
Newark, Delaware 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Artesian Resources Corporation (the “Company”) as of December 
31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in stockholders’ equity for each of the 
three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2023,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial 
statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 
Company at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period 
ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in 
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial 
reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but  not for the 
purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Accordingly,  we 
express no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether 
due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  b asis, 
evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the 
accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the 
consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements 
that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are 
material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The 
communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a 
whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matter or on 
the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Revenue recognition – Water Sales 

As indicated in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, water sales revenue consists of tariff contract revenues from the sale of 
water, fixed fees for water services, and Distribution System Improvement Charges, or DSIC, billed to customers at rates outlined in the 
Company's tariffs. The Company recognizes revenues from the sale of water, and fixed fees for water services over time as water is 
consumed and as the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits of the Company remaining ready to provide them 
water services, respectively. DSIC revenue is a surcharge applied to tariff rates, and the Company recognizes DSIC revenue depending 
on whether the surcharge was applied to water consumption revenue or fixed-fee revenue. As indicated in the consolidated statements 
of operations, the Company recorded $80 million of water sales revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023. 

We identified the recognition of water sales as a critical audit matter due to the large volume of customers and transactions. The principal 
consideration for our determination is the increased extent of auditor effort involved in performing procedures and evaluating audit 
evidence related to the Company’s water sales revenue recognition. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: 

•  Testing  a  sample  of  revenue  transactions  by  obtaining  and  inspecting  source  documents  such  as  invoices,  cash  receipts, 

approved tariff rates and recalculating the revenue recognized. 

•  Testing  a  sample of revenue transactions  to  verify  that  the  customer’s property  is  located  within  the  Company’s  approved 

service territory. 

•  Performing analytical procedures to reconcile cash received from customers to revenue recognized. 

/s/ BDO USA, P.C. 

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2005. 

Wilmington, Delaware 
March 18, 2024 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURES 

None. 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

(a)  Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of 
the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of 
the end of the period covered by this report.  Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer 
concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective in providing 
reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is 
(1) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) accumulated 
and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosure.  In addition, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our 
disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective to achieve the foregoing objectives. A 
control  system  cannot  provide  absolute  assurance,  however,  that  the  objectives  of  the  control  system  are  met  and  no  evaluation  of 
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. 

(b)  Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

The Management of Artesian Resources Corporation is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over its 
financial  reporting.  Artesian  Resources  Corporation’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  under  the 
supervision  of  the  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes 
in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

Artesian Resources Corporation’s Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as 
of December 31,  2023  based on the criteria set forth by the  Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(COSO) in “Internal Control Integrated Framework (2013).”  Based on this assessment, Management determined that at December 31, 
2023, the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting was effective. 

(c)  Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

No change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023 that 
has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Date: March 18, 2024 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER: 

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER: 

/s/ DIAN C. TAYLOR 
Dian C. Taylor 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION 

Insider Adoption or Termination of Trading Arrangements: 

/s/ DAVID B. SPACHT 
David B. Spacht 

During the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023, none of our directors or officers informed us of the adoption or termination of a 
“Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as those terms are defined in Regulation S-K, Item 408. 

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS  

Not applicable. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
   
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE  

PART III 

Name 

Dian C. Taylor 

Age 

78 

Kenneth R. Biederman 
Ph. D. 

80 

Position 

Biography: Director since 1991 - Chair of the Board of Directors of the Company, or 
the  Board,  since  July  1993,  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  Artesian  Resources 
Corporation and its subsidiaries since September 1992.  Ms. Taylor has been employed 
by  the  Company  since  August  1991.    Prior  to  joining  the  Company,  Ms.  Taylor  had 
extensive  marketing  and  small  business  ownership  experience.    She  was  formerly  a 
consultant  to  the  Small  Business  Development  Center  at  the  University  of  Delaware 
from  February  1991  to  August  1991  and  Owner  and  President  of  Achievement 
Resources Inc. from 1977 to 1991.  Achievement Resources, Inc. specialized in strategic 
planning, marketing, entrepreneurial and human resources development consulting. Ms. 
Taylor was a marketing director for SMI, Inc. from 1982 to 1985. Ms. Taylor is the aunt 
of John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. and Nicholle R. Taylor. She serves on the Budget and Finance 
Committee. 

Qualifications:  Ms.  Dian Taylor has over 30 years of experience as Chief Executive 
Officer  and  President  of  the  Company,  during  which  the  Company  has  continuously 
grown.  Ms.  Taylor  has  extensive  knowledge  of  the  complex  issues  facing  smaller 
companies and prior strategic planning expertise. Ms. Taylor has served as President of 
the  National  Association  of  Water  Companies,  a  trade  organization  of  the  investor-
owned  water  utility  industry.  Ms.  Taylor  also  has  served  as  a  Commissioner  for  the 
Delaware River and Bay Authority, on the Delaware Economic and Financial Advisory 
Council,  as  a  Regional  Advisory  Board  Member  for  Citizens  Bank,  on  the  Board  of 
Governors of the Delaware State Chamber of Commerce, on the Executive Committee 
of the Delaware Business Round Table, American Heart Association, Committee of 100 
and the Delaware Council on Economic Education, and as a Trustee of the Delaware 
Grand  Opera  and  the  Christiana  Care  Hospital.    The  Board  views  Ms.  Taylor’s 
experience with various aspects of the utility industry and her demonstrated leadership 
roles  in  business  and  community  activities  as  important  qualifications,  skills,  and 
experiences for the Board’s conclusion that Ms. Taylor should serve as a director of the 
Company. 

Biography:  Director since 1991 - Currently retired and former Professor of Finance at 
the Lerner College of Business and Economics of the University of Delaware, from May 
1996  to  May  2011.  Interim  Dean  of  the  College  of  Business  and  Economics  of  the 
University  of  Delaware  from  February  1999  to  June  2000.   Dean  of  the  College  of 
Business  and  Economics  of  the  University  of  Delaware  from  1990  to  1996.   Former 
Director of the Mid-Atlantic Farm Credit Association from 2006 to 2010.  Director of 
Chase  Manhattan  Bank  USA  from  1993  to  1996.   Formerly  a  financial  and  banking 
consultant  from  1989  to  1990  and  President  of  Gibraltar  Bank  from  1987  to 
1989.  Previously Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of West Chester 
Savings Bank; Economist and former Treasurer of the State of New Jersey and Staff 
Economist for the United States Senate Budget Committee. He serves on the Executive; 
Audit;  Budget  and  Finance;  Governance  and  Nominating;  and  Compensation 
Committees. 

Qualifications:  Dr. Biederman’s experience as a former State Treasurer of New Jersey 
and the former Dean of the Lerner College of Business and Economics at the University 
of  Delaware  gives  him  a  substantial  amount  of  business,  economic  and  financial 
reporting knowledge 

John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. 

68 

Biography:  Director since 1993 – Small Business Executive.  For more than 40 years, 
Owner and President of Bear Industries, Inc., a contracting firm providing building fire 
sprinkler protection installations for businesses throughout the Delmarva Peninsula.  In 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Michael Houghton, 
Esq. 

67 

Nicholle R. Taylor 

56 

2021, Mr. Eisenbrey was appointed to the Board of Trustees of St. Andrews School.  
Mr. Eisenbrey is the nephew of Dian C. Taylor and the cousin of Nicholle R. Taylor.  He 
serves  on  the  Audit;  Budget  and  Finance;  Governance  and  Nominating;  and 
Compensation Committees. 

Qualifications:  The Board has determined that Mr. Eisenbrey’s hands-on experience as 
a business owner in one of our primary geographic regions qualifies him to be a member 
of the Board.  For more than 40 years, Mr. Eisenbrey has been the Owner and President 
of a privately held contracting firm providing fire sprinkler protection installations for 
businesses throughout the Delmarva Peninsula.  Mr. Eisenbrey is a past President of the 
Delaware  Contractors  Association.   Mr.  Eisenbrey’s  operating  business  background 
provides experience with operational, technical, and regulatory matters also applicable 
to our water business. 

Biography:  Director appointed September 2018 – Mr. Houghton retired as of January 
1, 2022 as Partner from the law firm of Morris Nichols Arsht & Tunnell in Wilmington, 
Delaware and continued as special counsel to the firm until September 30, 2023. He was 
admitted  to  practice  law  in  Delaware  in  1982,  before  the  U.S.  District  Court  for  the 
District of Delaware in 1983 and before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit 
in 1985.  He served a clerkship with the Delaware Court of Chancery in 1982-1983.  Mr. 
Houghton’s legal expertise involves the representation of governmental entities, such as 
the Delaware River & Bay Authority.  He has also represented banks, trust companies, 
insurance  companies  and  public  utilities  in  commercial  transactions  and  before 
regulatory authorities and state, county, and local governments and in legislative and 
public  policy  matters  before  Delaware  government.    Mr.  Houghton  has  also  advised 
numerous entities, including Fortune 500 companies, on unclaimed property issues and 
has represented numerous companies in connection with unclaimed property audits and 
voluntary disclosure matters.  He has been selected for inclusion in The Best Lawyers 
in America from 2009-2023.  Mr. Houghton is a member of the Board of Governors of 
the Delaware State Chamber of Commerce and the Boards of the Delaware Public Policy 
Institute  and  the  Rockefeller  Trust  Company  of  Delaware.  Mr.  Houghton  is  also  a 
member of the Delaware Heritage Commission.  He is a past member of the Pete du 
Pont Freedom Foundation, the Board of the Delaware Bar Foundation, a Trustee of the 
Uniform Law Foundation, a Past President of the Delaware State Bar Association and a 
Past President the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws.  He 
was  appointed  in  2017  by  Delaware  Governor  John  Carney  to  serve  as  Chair  of  the 
Delaware  Economic  and  Financial  Advisory  Council  and  in  2023  to  the  Delaware 
Marijuana Appeals Commission and the Delaware Environmental Appeals Board.  He 
serves on the Audit and Compensation Committees. 

Qualifications:  Mr.  Houghton’s  legal  and  regulatory  experience  and  extensive 
involvement in Delaware legislative and public policy matters are attributes that provide 
valuable  insight  and  benefit  as  the  Company  continues  its  growth  in  Delaware.   The 
Board has determined that Mr. Houghton’s more than 40 years of experience makes him 
well qualified to serve on the Board. 

Biography:    Director  since  2007  –  Senior  Vice  President  of  Artesian  Resources 
Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  since  May  9,  2012  and  President  of  Artesian  Water 
Company  since  August  16,  2021.  Previously  served  as  Chief  Operating  Officer  of 
Artesian Water Company from August 2019 to August 2021. She was Vice President of 
Artesian Resources Corporation and its subsidiaries from May 2004 to May 2012.  Ms. 
Taylor  has  been  employed  by  the  Company  since  1991  and  has  held  various 
management  level  and  operational  positions  within  the  Company.   She  serves  on  the 
Budget and Finance Committee. Ms. Taylor is the niece of Dian C. Taylor and the cousin 
of John R. Eisenbrey, Jr.  

Qualifications:   Ms.  Nicholle  Taylor  has  over  thirty  years  of  experience  with  the 
Company  in  a  variety  of  field,  office,  and  managerial  positions.   The  Board  has 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pierre A. Anderson 

45 

Joseph A. DiNunzio,  
CPA, CGMA 

61 

determined that the range of her experience across various company functions gives her 
a clear perception of how the Company operates, thus enhancing the Board’s ability to 
know the Company’s current capabilities and limitations, and qualifies her to serve as a 
director.  Ms. Taylor serves on the Board of Directors of the National Association of 
Water Companies, a trade organization of the investor-owned water utility industry.  Ms. 
Taylor also currently serves on the Board of Directors of the Committee of 100, which 
is a business organization that promotes responsible economic development in the state 
of  Delaware.   In  2019,  Ms.  Taylor  was  appointed  to  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the 
Delaware Nature Society, a non- profit organization dedicated to connecting people with 
the  natural  world  to  improve  the  environment  through  education,  advocacy,  and 
conservation. 

Chief Information Officer and Senior Vice President of Artesian Resources Corporation 
and  its  subsidiaries  since  May  19,  2021.   Mr.  Anderson  previously  served  as  Vice 
President  of  Information  Technologies  of  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  and  its 
subsidiaries from May 2012 to May 2021, Director of Information Technologies from 
April  2008  to  May  2012, and  Manager  of  Information  Technologies from  December 
2006 to April 2008.  Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Anderson was employed by the 
Christina School District as Manager, Project & Support Services.  From 2000 to 2005, 
while with MBNA (now Bank of America), he served in several information technology 
roles.  He received his Bachelors of Science degree in Computer Science from Delaware 
State University and both an Masters of Business Administration and Masters of Science 
in Information Systems & Technology Management from the University of Delaware’s 
Lerner College of Business & Economics. 

Mr. Anderson serves on the Boards of Easterseals of Delaware & Maryland’s Eastern 
Shore (Vice Chair), Delaware State Chamber of Commerce, University of Delaware’s 
Lerner College Alumni, Bancroft Construction Company, and the Delaware Economic 
& Forecasting Advisory Council (DEFAC). 

Executive  Vice  President  and  Secretary  of  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  and 
Subsidiaries since May 2007 and President of Artesian Water Maryland, Inc. since May 
2017.  Mr. DiNunzio previously served as Senior Vice President and Secretary since 
March  2000  and  as  Vice  President  and  Secretary  since  January  1995.   He  served  as 
Secretary of Artesian Resources Corporation and Subsidiaries from July 1992 to January 
1995.   Prior  to  joining  Artesian  in  1989,  Mr.  DiNunzio  was  employed  by 
PriceWaterhouseCoopers LLP.  He  earned a Bachelor of Science in Commerce, with 
concentration in accounting, from the McIntire School of Commerce at the University 
of Virginia. 

Mr. DiNunzio is Past Chairman of the Board of the Cecil County Chamber of Commerce 
and  served  on  the  Board  of  the  Cecil  Business  Leaders  from  June  2013  to  January 
2023.   He  is  Past  Chairman  of  the  Delaware  Chapter  of  the  National  Association  of 
Water Companies.   Mr. DiNunzio is a member of the Cecil County Maryland Economic 
Development  Commission,  the  Delaware  Source  Water  Assessment  and  Protection 
Program’s  Citizens  and  Technical  Advisory  Committee,  the  American  Institute  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Institute  of  Certified  Public 
Certified  Public  Accountants, 
Accountants, and was a member of the 2003 Delaware Legislative Drinking Water Task 
Force. 

Courtney A. Emerson, 
Esq.  

40  General Counsel of Artesian Resources Corporation and its subsidiaries since August 
2021  and  Assistant  Secretary  of  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries 
since November 2022.  Prior to joining Artesian in 2021, Ms. Emerson practiced law at 
Fox Rothschild LLP.  She previously served as an emergency manager for the State of 
Delaware for nearly a decade and was an educator at a multinational bank.  She earned 
her J.D. from the Delaware Law School of Widener University and her B.S. in Political 
Science from the University of Delaware. 

Ms. Emerson has served as Vice Chair of the Environmental Section of the Delaware 
State Bar Association, as Vice Chair of the American Bar Association’s Disaster Legal 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Jennifer L. Finch, 
CPA 

55 

Services Team, and as Vice President of the University of Delaware Alumni Lawyers 
Society.   She is a member of the General Counsel Section of the National Association 
of  Water  Companies,  the  American  Bar  Association,  the  Delaware  State  Bar 
Association, and the Committee of 100. 

Senior  Vice  President  of  Finance  &  Corporate  Treasurer  of  Artesian  Resources 
Corporation  &  Subsidiaries  since  November  2020.    Prior  to  that,  Ms.  Finch  was  the 
Assistant  Treasurer  and  Vice  President  of  Finance.    Ms.  Finch  is  responsible  for  the 
oversight of all aspects of accounting and tax‐related matters, corporate financing, and 
serves as the principal accounting officer. 

Prior  to  joining  Artesian  in  2008,  Ms.  Finch  held  various  accounting  positions  for 
Handler Corporation, a homebuilder and developer located in Wilmington, Delaware, 
where she worked for 14 years.  She also worked four years for a local certified public 
accounting firm and has more than 30 years of accounting, auditing, and tax experience.  
Ms. Finch is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and 
the Delaware Society of Certified Public Accountants. 

Raymond T. Kelly, 
CPA, CISA 

Daniel W. Konstanski 

39  Vice  President  of  Information  Technology  for  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  and 
Subsidiaries since November 4, 2022.  Mr. Kelly joined Artesian in 2013 as Manager of 
Business Applications and was promoted to the Director of Information Technology in 
2016.  Prior  to  joining  Artesian  he  served  as  a  Manager  for  PricewaterhouseCoopers, 
where  he progressively  advanced  from  an  Associate;  leading  information  technology 
audits, financial audits of publicly traded institutions, and utility meter to cash system 
engagements.  During  his  time  at  Artesian,  Mr.  Kelly,  who  is  responsible  for  all 
Information Technology functions, has directly led and overseen all enhancements to 
the  technology  portfolio  including;  enterprise  applications,  infrastructure,  business 
process automation, analytics, and cybersecurity. 

Mr. Kelly earned both a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Business and a 
Bachelor  of  Science  in  Business  and  Economics  from  Lehigh  University.  He  is  a 
Certified Public Accountant, a Certified Information Systems Auditor, and a Chartered 
Global Management Accountant. He serves on the Program Committee of the Boys & 
Girls Club of Delaware and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public 
Accountants. 

39  Mr. Konstanski is a Board Certified, Professional Engineer with 19 years of experience 
in  the  water  and  wastewater  industry.  He  joined  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  in 
March of 2014 as a Senior Engineer, was appointed Manager of Engineering in 2019 
and was named Vice President of Engineering in October of 2022. Mr. Konstanski is 
responsible for managing and overseeing the Engineering Department’s operation and 
staff as well as directly managing capital projects.  His team includes engineers, project 
managers  and  subject  matter  experts  who  shepherd,  analyze,  and  manage  Artesian’s 
extensive water and wastewater assets including treatment, pipeline hydraulics, system 
modeling, pumped networks, and regulatory matters. During his time at Artesian, Mr. 
Konstanski has managed the permitting, design and construction of multiple new water 
and wastewater treatment plants as well as renovations of numerous existing facilities, 
overseen  the  development  of  state-of-the-art  digital  models  for  both  the  water  and 
wastewater systems, led efforts to increase self-sufficiency by hundreds of millions of 
gallons per year and provided input on Artesian’s purchase of multiple additional water 
and wastewater systems. 

David B. Spacht 

64 

Chief  Financial  Officer  of  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  since 
January  1995  and  President  of  Artesian  Wastewater  Management,  Inc.  since  August 
2019.   Mr.  Spacht  joined  the  Company  in  1980  and  has  held  various  executive  and 
management level positions.  Mr. Spacht has worked closely with the Public Service 
Commission for over 40 years on developing rates and regulations in Delaware. He has 
also worked closely with the Maryland Public Service Commission developing rates and 
regulations  as  a  result  of  filing  for  acquisitions.  He  was  selected  by  the  National 
Association  of  Regulatory  Utility  Commissioners  Subcommittee  on  Education  as  an 
instructor for their semi-annual course on rate making.  

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
John M. Thaeder 

65 

Mr.  Spacht  is  a  member  of  several  national  and  local  organizations,  including  the 
National Association of Water Companies, having served on their Finance Committee 
for 32 years and most recently in 2015 joining the Rate and Regulatory Committee; the 
American  Water  Works  Association;  the  National  Association  of  Regulatory  Utility 
Commissioners;  the  International  Organization  of  Management  Accountants;  and 
Special Olympics Delaware. 

Senior  Vice  President  of  Operations.   Mr.  Thaeder  has  served  as  an  officer  since 
February 1998.  He currently serves as an officer of Artesian Resources Corporation and 
Subsidiaries.   Prior to joining the company, Mr. Thaeder was with Hydro Group, Inc. 
from  1996  to  1998  as  Southeastern  District  Manager  of  Sales  and  Operations  from 
Maryland to Florida.  During 1995 and 1996, he was Sales Manager of the Northeast 
Division  with  sales  responsibilities  from  Maine  to  Florida.   Previously,  he  served  as 
District Manager of the Layne Well and Pump Division of Hydro Group. 

Corporate Governance 

The executive officers are elected or approved by our Board, or the Board of our appropriate subsidiary, to serve until his or her successor 
is appointed or shall have been qualified or until earlier death, resignation or removal. 

In accordance with the provisions of the Company's By-laws, the Board is divided into three classes.  Members of each class serve for 
three years and one class is elected each year to serve a term until his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified or until 
earlier resignation or removal.  Dr. Kenneth R. Biederman and Mr. Michael Houghton have been nominated for election to the Board at 
the Annual Meeting of stockholders to be held May 7, 2024. 

The  Board,  which  met  nine  times  in  2023,  has  established  four  standing  committees:  the  Audit  Committee,  the  Compensation 
Committee, the Budget and Finance Committee, and the Governance and Nominating Committee.  Information with respect to the Audit, 
Compensation and Governance and Nominating Committees is set forth below.  In addition, the charter for each of the four standing 
committees of the Board is available on our website, www.artesianwater.com. 

Dian C. Taylor, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, also serves as Chair of the Board.  The Board, after considering the size of the 
Company and the composition of the Board, has determined that the combined structure is appropriate.  The Board has determined that 
having one person serving as Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Officer ensures a unified leadership of the Board and management 
and provides potential efficiency in the execution of the strategies and visions of the Board and management.  The Board believes that 
Ms. Taylor's experience and operational knowledge of the business enables her to effectively perform both roles.   Given the limited 
number of Board members and the practice of open communication with the entire Board, the Company does not have a lead independent 
director.  The Board meets as often as needed and at least twice a year in executive session without any management or non-independent 
directors present.   The Board believes this is an appropriate structure for the Company which provides the appropriate independent 
oversight.  In addition, the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee regularly consult with the Company's General Counsel 
to review the various types of risks that affect the Company and to consult on strategies to anticipate such risks.   The Board believes 
this structure has been effective.  The Board meets with management on a regular basis to review operational reports, financial updates, 
strategic development and other matters.  Frequent meetings help to promote and ensure open communication with the management 
team.  All Board members are engaged and remain actively involved in their oversight roles. The Board is responsible for oversight of 
the Company's risk management process.  The senior management team is responsible for identifying risks, managing risks and reporting 
and communicating risks back to the Board. 

Communications with Directors 

Any stockholder wishing to communicate with a director may do so by contacting the Company’s Secretary, which will pass to the 
director  written,  e-mail  or  phone  communications.    The  Board  has  authorized  the  Secretary  to  screen  frivolous  or  unlawful 
communications or commercial advertisements.  You may reach the Secretary at Artesian Resources Corporation, 664 Churchmans 
Road, Newark, DE 19702. 

Director Compensation 

In May 2023, each independent director received an annual retainer fee of $95,000, to be paid quarterly.  Dian C. Taylor and Nicholle 
R. Taylor received annual retainer fees of $67,000, to be paid quarterly.  Directors do not receive any additional meeting fees. William 
Wyer is serving as Director Emeritus and receives $3,750 for each standing quarterly Board meeting he attends. 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  2023,  our  directors,  other  than  Dian  C.  Taylor  and  Nicholle  R.  Taylor,  whose  fees  as  director  are  included  in  the  Summary 
Compensation Table, received the following compensation: 

Director Compensation Table 

Name 

Kenneth R. Biederman 
John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. 
Michael Houghton 
William C. Wyer (2) 

Fees Earned or 
Paid in 
Cash 
($) 

95,000   
95,000  
95,000  
7,500   

Stock 
Awards 
($)(1) 
54,880  
54,880   
54,880  
N/A   

All other Compensation 
($) 

Total 
($) 

---    149,880 
---    149,880 
---   149,880 
7,500 
---  

(1)  On May 9, 2023, each director, received a restricted stock award of 1,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock.  The fair market 
value per share was $54.88, the closing price of the Class A Non-Voting Stock as recorded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market 
on May 9, 2023.  The restricted shares vest one year from the date of grant.  There were no outstanding option shares outstanding 
for Independent Directors at December 31, 2023.  The number of restricted shares outstanding at December 31, 2023 for each 
director is: 

Kenneth R. Biederman 
John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. 
Michael Houghton 

Option Shares Outstanding 
at December 31, 2023 
--- 
--- 
--- 

Restricted Shares Outstanding 
at December 31, 2023 
1,000 
1,000 
1,000 

(2)  William Wyer concluded his last three-year term as Director on May 4, 2022.  Upon his retirement from the Board, in light of 
his substantial contributions to the Company and the Board’s interest in continuing to benefit from Mr. Wyer’s experience, the 
Board appointed Mr. Wyer to the honorary role of Director Emeritus.  As Director Emeritus, Mr. Wyer is invited to attend 
meetings of the Board, but is not considered a director of the Company and is not entitled to vote on any matter presented to 
the Board. 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  the  members  of  our  Compensation  Committee  were  Kenneth  R.  Biederman,  John  R. 
Eisenbrey, Jr. and Michael Houghton.  None of our executive officers serves as a director or as a member of the compensation committee, 
or any other committee serving an equivalent function, of any entity that has one or more of its executive officers serving as members 
of our Compensation Committee or as a director of our Board.  No member of our Compensation Committee has ever been our employee. 

Independence 

In  2023,  the  Board  of  Directors  determined  that  Messrs.  Biederman,  Eisenbrey  and  Houghton,  a  majority  of  the  Board,  met  the 
independence requirements prescribed by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Select Market.  

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee reviews the procedures and policies relating to the internal accounting procedures and controls of the Company 
and provides general oversight with respect to the accounting principles employed in the Company's financial reporting.  As part of its 
activities, the Audit Committee meets with representatives of the Company's management and independent accountants.  The Audit 
Committee  has  considered  the  extent  and  scope of  non-audit  services  provided  to  the Company  by  its  outside  accountants  and  has 
determined  that  such  services  are  compatible  with  maintaining  the  independence  of  the  outside  accountants. The  Audit  Committee 
appoints  and  retains  the  Company's  independent  accountants.    The  Audit  Committee  consists  of  Kenneth  R.  Biederman,  John  R. 
Eisenbrey,  Jr.  and  Michael  Houghton,  three  independent  directors.   The  Board  has  also  determined  that  each  member  of  the  Audit 
Committee meets the independence requirements prescribed by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Select Market and the rules 
and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  The Board has further determined that Mr. Biederman, a member of the 
Audit Committee, is an "audit committee financial expert" as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated 
by the Securities and Exchange Commission. During 2023, the Audit Committee met five times. 

68 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation Committee 

The Compensation Committee reviews the compensation and benefits provided to key management employees, officers and directors 
and makes recommendations as appropriate to the Board.  The Compensation Committee also determines whether and what amounts 
should be granted under the 2015 Equity Compensation Plan, or the 2015 Plan, and may make recommendations for amendments to the 
2015 Plan.  The Compensation Committee is comprised of Kenneth R. Biederman, John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. and Michael Houghton, three 
independent  directors.   The  Board  of  Directors  has  also  determined  that  each  member  of  the  Compensation  Committee  meets  the 
independence requirements prescribed by the listing standards of the Nasdaq Global Select Market and the rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission.  During 2023, the Compensation Committee met four times. 

Consideration of Director Candidates 

The Governance and Nominating Committee is comprised of Kenneth R. Biederman, John R.  Eisenbrey, Jr. and Michael Houghton, 
three  independent directors.   As  part  of  the  formalized  nominating  procedures,  the  committee  makes  recommendations  for  director 
nominations  to  the  full  Board.   Director  candidates  nominated  by  stockholders  are  considered  in  the  same  manner,  provided  the 
nominations are submitted to the Secretary and copied to the Chairman of the committee on a timely basis and in accordance with the 
Company's  By-laws.    Nominations  for  the  election  of  directors  for  the  2024  Annual  Stockholders'  Meeting  were  approved  by  the 
Governance and Nominating Committee on January 29, 2024. 

The Governance and Nominating Committee has determined that no one single criterion should be given more weight than any other 
criteria when it considers the qualifications of a potential nominee to the Board.  Instead, it believes that it should consider the total 
"skills set" of an individual.  In evaluating an individual's skills set, the Governance and Nominating Committee considers a variety of 
factors, including, but not limited to, the potential nominee's background and education, his or her general business experience, and 
whether or not he or she has any experience in positions with a high degree of responsibility.  In addition, although the Governance and 
Nominating Committee does not have a policy with regard to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees, its charter 
includes in the Governance and Nominating Committee's duties and responsibilities that it seek members from diverse backgrounds so 
that the Board consists of members with a broad spectrum of experience and expertise. 

Code of Ethics 

The  Company  has  adopted  a  code  of  ethics  applicable  to  its  chief  executive  officer,  chief  financial  officer,  controller  or  principal 
accounting officer, and any person who performs a similar function, which is a "code of ethics" as defined by applicable rules of  the 
Securities and Exchange Commission.  This code is publicly available on the Company's website at  www.artesianwater.com.  If the 
Company makes any amendments to this code other than technical, administrative, or other non-substantive amendments, or grants any 
waivers,  including  implicit  waivers,  from  a  provision  of  this  code  to  the  Company's  chief  executive officer,  chief  financial  officer, 
controller or principal accounting officer, and any person who performs a similar function, the Company will disclose the nature of the 
amendment or waiver, its effective date and to whom it applies on its website.  The information on the website listed above is not and 
should not be considered part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  It is intended to be an inactive textual reference only and is not 
incorporated by reference herein. 

Board Diversity 

We believe it is important that our Board is composed of individuals reflecting the diversity represented by our employees, our 
customers,  and  our  communities.  We  provide  below  enhanced  disclosure  regarding  the  self-reported  diversity  of  our  Board  as 
required by the listing standards of the NASDAQ Capital Market. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non- 
Binary 

Did Not  
Disclose 
Gender 

Total Number of Directors 

Board Diversity Matrix (As of March 1, 2024) 

Part I: Gender Identify 
Directors 
Part II: Demographic Background 
African American or Black 
Alaskan Native or Native American 
Asian 
Hispanic or Latinx 
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 
White 
Two or More Races or Ethnicities 
LGBTQ+ 
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background 

Female 

Male 

2 

3 

2 

3 

Total Number of Directors 

Board Diversity Matrix (As of March 1, 2023) 

5 

5 

Non- 
Binary 

Did Not  
Disclose 
Gender 

Female 

Male 

2 

3 

2 

3 

Part I: Gender Identify 
Directors 
Part II: Demographic Background 
African American or Black 
Alaskan Native or Native American 
Asian 
Hispanic or Latinx 
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander 
White 
Two or More Races or Ethnicities 
LGBTQ+ 
Did Not Disclose Demographic Background 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION   

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

This discussion describes the Company's compensation program for its named executive officers listed in the Summary Compensation 
Table that immediately follows this discussion.  The named executive officers are: Dian C. Taylor, Chair, President & Chief Executive 
Officer; David B. Spacht, Chief Financial Officer; Joseph A. DiNunzio, Executive Vice President & Secretary; Nicholle R. Taylor, 
Senior Vice President and Jennifer L. Finch, Corporate Treasurer and Senior Vice President of Finance & Treasurer. 

Objectives of the Company’s Compensation Program 

The Compensation Committee believes that the compensation for the Company’s executives should serve to attract, motivate and retain 
seasoned and talented executives responsible for successfully guiding and implementing the Company's strategy.  Our strategy is to 
increase  our  customer  base,  revenues,  earnings  and  dividends  by  expanding  our  services  across  the  Delmarva  Peninsula,  thereby 
providing our stockholders with a long-term, satisfactory return on their investment. 

70 

 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
To implement our strategy, it is critical that our executives remain focused on: 

• ensuring superior customer service; 
• continuously improving our efficiency and performance;  
• managing risk appropriately;  
• expanding our franchised service territory and customer base at a consistent and sustainable rate - including by acquisitions - 
where growth is strong and demand is increasing;  
• identifying and developing dependable sources of supply;  
• constructing and maintaining reliable treatment facilities and water delivery and wastewater collection systems;  
• developing and continuing positive relationships with regulators, municipalities, developers and customers in both existing and 
prospective service areas; and  
• developing a skilled and motivated work force that is adaptive to change. 

To accomplish our strategy, our compensation program's objectives are to: 

• provide compensation levels that are competitive with those provided by other companies with which we may compete for 
executive talent;  
• motivate and reward contributions and performance aligned with the Company's objectives;  
• attract and retain qualified, seasoned executives; and  
• ensure the Company maintains a pay-for-performance executive compensation program. 

The  compensation  program  rewards  overall  qualitative  contributions  and  performance  of  each  individual  towards  the  Company's 
strategy.    In  reviewing  the  Company's  overall  compensation  program  in  the  context  of  the  risks  identified  in  the  Company's  risk 
management  processes,  the  Compensation  Committee  does  not  believe  that  the  risks  the  Company  faces  are  correlated  with  the 
Company's compensation programs.  Therefore, the Compensation Committee believes that there is an appropriate level of risk in the 
Company’s  compensation  program  design  and  does  not  believe  that  its  approach  to  the  design  and  administration  of  its  incentive 
programs needs to change in order to mitigate compensation risk. 

Elements of the Company’s Compensation Program 

The elements of the Company’s compensation program include: 

• Base Salary 
• Cash Bonus Award 
• Equity Compensation as may be awarded under the 2015 Equity Compensation Plan  
• Employee Benefits 

The Company's executive compensation program does not provide for: 

• Severance or post-termination agreements  
• Post-retirement benefits  
• Defined benefit pension benefits or any supplemental executive retirement plan benefits  
• Non-qualified deferred compensation  
• Change-in-Control agreements 

Compensation Process 

The  Compensation  Committee  relies  on  various  factors  in  determining  executive  compensation,  including  the  overall  financial 
performance of the Company, combined with an executive officer's individual performance, progress in meeting strategic corporate 
objectives, and changes in responsibilities, as well as the consideration of elements of compensation not provided for by the Company 
in comparison to its peers.  The Compensation Committee generally exercises broad discretion in setting the compensation of the Chief 
Executive Officer and other executives and primarily considers the performance of the management team as a group, the Chief Executive 
Officer's assessment of other executives' performance and compensation recommendations with respect to the other executive officers 
as part of its process.   

The Compensation Committee engaged Pearl Meyer & Partners as a compensation consultant during the years 2022 and 2023 to provide 
it  with  independent  advice  on  executive  compensation  matters.    The  following  peer  group  was  utilized:    American  States  Water 
Company;  Chesapeake  Utilities  Corporation;  Consolidated  Water  Company  Ltd.;  Fluence  Corporation  Limited;  Global  Water 
Resources,  Inc.;  Middlesex  Water  Company;  RGC  Resources  Incorporated;  SJW  Group;  The  York  Water  Company;  urban-gro, 
Incorporated;  Williams  Industrial  Services  Group;  American  Water  Works  Company,  Inc.;  California  Water  Service  Group;  and 
Essential Utilities, Inc.   

71 

  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
Base Salary 

Base salaries for Company executives are set at levels considered appropriate to attract and retain seasoned and talented personnel.  In 
2023, the Compensation Committee increased the base salary of each of the named executive officers by 3%. 

The Compensation Committee determines actual base salaries for each executive other than the Chief Executive Officer based upon: 

• recommendations provided by the Chief Executive Officer;  
• internal equity with other executives and Company personnel;  
• individual executive performance; and  
• individual contributions to the Company's strategic objectives. 

The Compensation Committee considers the same factors in determining the base salary of the Chief Executive Officer, without  any 
recommendation by the Chief Executive Officer.  The Chief Executive Officer was not present during deliberations on her compensation. 

Cash Bonus and Equity Compensation Awards 

Annually, the Compensation Committee determines whether any Cash Bonus and/or Equity Compensation Awards should be granted 
to any of the executives.  The Cash Bonus and Equity Compensation Awards are intended to reward executives for their contributions 
towards meeting the Company's strategic objectives.  Cash Bonus and Equity Compensation Awards are entirely discretionary and are 
based upon a qualitative assessment conducted by the Compensation Committee in the case of the Chief Executive Officer and by the 
Compensation Committee and the Chief Executive Officer in the case of other executives.  Recognizing both the executive team's and 
each individual named executive officer’s contributions toward meeting the Company's strategic objectives, cash bonuses were awarded 
to the Chief Executive Officer and named executive officers in 2022 and 2021.   

Other Compensation 

Both Dian C. Taylor and Nicholle R. Taylor received compensation for their services as Directors, which compensation was equivalent 
to that provided to all other directors for Board and Committee meeting fees and less for retainers.  See "Director Compensation." 

The Company’s named executive officers are eligible to participate in the same employee benefit plans and on the same basis as other 
Company employees, with the exception that executive officers are reimbursed for eligible medical expenses not otherwise covered by 
the Company's medical insurance plan under the Officer's Medical Reimbursement Plan.  Amounts reimbursed are included in the "All 
Other Compensation" column in the Summary Compensation Table that follows this discussion. 

The Role of Management in the Executive Compensation Process 

Our Director of Human Resources typically assists the Compensation Committee by preparing and providing information showing: 

• current executive compensation levels;  
• executive compensation recommendations made by the Chief Executive Officer;  
•  salary  grade  minimum,  midpoint  and  maximums  for  each  executive,  based  on  information  provided  by  the  Company's 
compensation consultant retained in 2013, adjusted annually; and  
• actual base salary, cash bonus and equity compensation for each of the prior three years for each executive. 

Our Chief Executive Officer meets with the Compensation Committee and provides input regarding the contributions of each executive 
towards the Company's strategic objectives and each executive's overall performance that formed the basis for her recommendations to 
the  Compensation  Committee.    The  final  decisions  regarding  compensation  for  each  executive  are  made  by  the  Compensation 
Committee. Please refer to Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation section for more information. 

72 

 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation Committee Report 

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis with management and, based on 
the review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis 
be included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

The Compensation Committee, 

John R. Eisenbrey, Jr, Chairman 
Kenneth R. Biederman 
Michael Houghton  

CEO Pay Ratio 

The  2023  compensation  disclosure  ratio  of  the  median  annual  total  compensation  of  all  Company  employees  to  the  annual  total 
compensation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer is as follows: 

Median employee total annual compensation  

Annual total compensation of Dian C. Taylor, CEO 

Ratio of CEO to median employee compensation 

2023 Total Compensation 

$89,289 

$828,593 

9:1 

For simplicity, we identified the median employee by examining the base annual salary for all individuals, excluding our CEO, who 
were employed by us on October 31, 2023.  We included all employees, whether employed on a full-time, part-time, or seasonal basis.  
We believe that the use of base annual salary compensation, excluding overtime, is a consistently applied compensation measure because 
we  do  not  widely  distribute  annual  equity  awards  to  employees  and  believe  that  it  provides  a  reasonable  estimate  of  the  pay  ratio 
calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K.  After identifying the median employee by examining base annual 
salary excluding overtime, we calculated annual total compensation, including overtime, for such employee using the same methodology 
we use for our named executive officers set forth in the 2023 Summary Compensation Table.  

Summary Compensation Table: 

Name and Principal Position 

Year 

   Salary ($)     Bonus ($)    

Dian C. Taylor, Chair, Chief Executive  
Officer & President 

David B. Spacht, Chief Financial 
Officer 

Joseph A. DiNunzio, Executive Vice 
President & Secretary 

Nicholle R. Taylor, President 

Jennifer L. Finch, Senior Vice  
President & Treasurer 

2023 
2022 
2021 

2023 
2022 
2021 

2023 
2022 
2021 

2023 
2022 
2021 

2023 
2022 
2021 

-0-  
175,000  
153,000  

-0-  
100,000  
75,000  

-0-  
150,000  
75,000  

-0-  
150,000  
78,000  

1,500  
100,000  
75,000  

635,787  
611,330  
592,712  

426,366  
409,973  
395,272  

462,371  
444,589  
431,046  

410,397  
394,608  
350,864  

378,382  
363,832  
352,749  

73 

Stock  
Awards  
($)(1) 

All Other  
Compensation  
($)(2),(3),(4)   

Total ($) 

54,520  
46,620  
40,980  

138,286  
172,425  
153,595  

828,593 
1,005,375 
940,287 

N/A  
N/A  
N/A  

N/A  
N/A  
N/A  

54,520  
46,620  
40,980  

N/A  
N/A  
N/A  

37,444  
39,583  
36,404  

38,594  
35,725  
31,900  

106,427  
100,511  
98,953  

18,159  
20,819  
16,035  

463,810 
549,556 
506,676 

500,965 
630,314 
537,946 

571,344 
691,739 
568,797 

398,041 
484,651 
443,784 

  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
   
  
    
    
    
    
  
 
 
   
 
   
   
  
    
    
    
    
  
 
 
   
 
   
   
  
    
    
    
    
  
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
  
  
   
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
(1)  On May 9, 2023, Dian Taylor and Nicholle Taylor each received a restricted stock award of 1,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting 
Stock in their capacities as directors of the Company.  The award was valued at the fair market value on the date of the award (last 
reported sale price on the date of award) or $54.88 per share.  The restricted shares vest one year from the date of grant. On May 3, 
2022, Dian Taylor and Nicholle Taylor each received a restricted stock award of 1,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock.  The 
award was valued at the fair market value on the date of the award or $45.58 per share.  The restricted shares vested one year after 
the date of grant. On May 4, 2021, Dian Taylor and Nicholle Taylor each received a restricted stock award of 1,000 shares of Class 
A Non-Voting Stock.  The award was valued at the fair market value on the date of the award or $40.11 per share.  The restricted 
shares vested one year after the date of grant. 

(2)  Under  the  Company’s  defined  contribution  401(k)  Plan,  the  Company  contributes  two  percent  of  an  eligible  employee's  gross 
earnings.  The  Company  also  matches  50  percent  of  the  first  six  percent  of  the  employee's  gross  earnings  that  the  employee 
contributes to the 401(k) Plan.  In addition, all employees hired before April 26, 1994 and under the age of 60 at that date are eligible 
for additional contributions to the 401(k) Plan.  Employees over the age of 60 at that date receive Company paid medical, dental 
and  life  insurance  benefits  upon  retirement.  The  Company  will  not  provide  the  additional  401(k)  or  medical,  dental  and  life 
insurance  benefits  to  any  other  current  or  future  employees.    In  2023,  Company  contributions  to  the  401(k)  Plan  under  terms 
available to all other employees based upon their years of service and plan eligibility were made in the amounts of: 

Dian C. Taylor 
David B. Spacht 
Joseph A. DiNunzio 
Nicholle R. Taylor 
Jennifer L. Finch 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

36,300 
36,300 
36,300 
36,300 
16,500 

(3)  Included in the "All Other Compensation" column in the table above are amounts received by Dian C. Taylor as compensation for 
attendance at meetings of the Board and its committees in  2023 totaling $67,000, $15,152 for security provided at her personal 
residence, $4,576 for personal use of a company-owned vehicle.  Also included in the "All Other Compensation" column in the 
table above are amounts received by Nicholle R. Taylor as compensation for Board retainer fees, attendance at meetings of the 
Board and its committees in 2023 totaling $67,000. 

(4)  Executive officers are reimbursed for eligible medical expenses not otherwise covered by the Company's medical insurance plan 
under the Officer's Medical Reimbursement Plan.  Amounts reimbursed are included in the "All Other Compensation" column in 
the table above. Dian C.  Taylor received reimbursements of $15,259 in 2023. 

Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table  

Name 

Grant Date 

Vest Date 

All Other  
Stock Awards:  
Number of  
Shares of  
Stock or Units  
(#) 

All Other Option  
Awards: Number  
of Securities  
Underlying  
Options (#) 

Exercise or  
Base Price  
of Option  
Awards  
($/share) 

Grant Date Fair  
Value of Stock 
&  
Option Awards 
($) 

Dian C. Taylor 
Nicholle R. Taylor 

5/09/2023 
5/09/2023 

5/09/2024 
5/09/2024 

1,000 
1,000 

- 
- 

- 
- 

54,880 
54,880 

On May 9, 2023, Dian C. Taylor and Nicholle R. Taylor each received a restricted stock award of 1,000 shares of Class A Non-Voting 
Stock, as noted in the table above.  The awards were valued at the fair market value on the date of the award (last reported sale price on 
the date of award) or $54.88 per share. The restricted stock awards vest one year from the date of grant. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
   
    
    
    
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End Table  

                                      Option Awards 

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options(#) 
Exercisable 

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options (#) 
Unexercisable    

Option Exercise 
Price($) 

Option  
Expiration  
Date 

Name 

 Nicholle R. Taylor 

-0-     

---      

-0-   

-0- 

Option Exercises and Stock Vested Table  

Name 

Dian C. Taylor 
Nicholle R. Taylor 

Option Awards 

Stock Awards 

Number of  
Shares Acquired  
on Exercise (#)   
-0-  
6,750  

Value  
Realized on  
Exercise ($)   
-0-  
137,363  

Number of  
Shares Acquired  
on Vesting (#)    
1,000  
1,000  

Value  
Realized on  
Vesting ($) 
54,520 
54,520 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS     

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of the equity securities of the Company, as of March 12, 2024 for each director, 
each named executive officer, each beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of the Company's voting 
securities and all directors and executive officers as a group, based in each case on information furnished to the Company.   Unless 
otherwise  indicated,  the  address  of  each  beneficial  owner  of  voting  securities  listed  below  is  c/o  664  Churchmans  Road,  Newark, 
Delaware 19702. 

Dian C. Taylor (3) 

148,500 

1.6 

159,509 

18.1 

   Class A Non-Voting Common 

Class B Common Stock(1) 

Stock(1) 

Shares 

Percent(2) 

Shares 

Percent(2) 

Kenneth R. Biederman (3) 

John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. (3)(4)(5) 

Nicholle R. Taylor (3)(6) 

Michael Houghton 

Joseph A. DiNunzio  

David B. Spacht 

Jennifer L. Finch 

Louisa Taylor Welcher 
219 Laurel Avenue 
Newark, DE  19711 

24,875 

54,751 

27,308 

2,000 

19,240 

4,210 

1,861 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

* 

--- 

45,707 

--- 

5.2 

281,719 

32.0 

--- 

203 

189 

--- 

--- 

* 

* 

--- 

89,690 

1.0 

135,862 

15.4 

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Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (13 

310,447 

3.3 

488,677 

55.4 

Individuals)(3) 

* less than 1% 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

(5) 

(6) 

The nature of ownership consists of sole voting and investment power unless otherwise indicated.  The amount also includes all 
shares issuable to such person or group upon the exercise of options or vesting of restricted shares held by such person or group 
to the extent such options are exercisable or restricted shares vest within 60 days after March 12, 2024. 

The percentage of the total number of shares of the class outstanding is shown where that percentage is one percent or greater.  
Percentages for each person are based on the aggregate number of shares of the applicable class outstanding as of March  12, 
2024, and all shares issuable to such person upon the exercise of options or vesting of restricted shares held by such person to the 
extent such options are exercisable or restricted shares vest within 60 days of that date. 

Includes vesting of restricted shares and options to purchase shares of the Company’s Class A Non-Voting Stock, as follows: Ms. 
D. Taylor (1,000 shares); Mr. Biederman (1,000 shares); Mr. Eisenbrey, Jr. (1,000 shares); Ms. N. Taylor (1,000 shares); Mr. 
Houghton (1,000 shares). 

89,123 shares were pledged by Mr. Eisenbrey, Jr. as collateral for a loan. 

Includes 780 shares of the Class B Stock owned by a trust, of which Mr. Eisenbrey, Jr. is a trustee and has a beneficial ownership 
interest, and 1,555 shares of the Class B Stock held in custodial accounts for Mr. Eisenbrey, Jr.’s daughters. 

Includes 744 shares of the Class A Non-Voting Stock and 45 shares of the Class B Stock held in custodial accounts for Ms. N. 
Taylor’s daughter and 290 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock held by her spouse. 

The following table shows all persons who are known by the Company , as of March 12, 2024, to be the beneficial owner of more than 
five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of the Company's Class A Non-Voting Stock, and who do not otherwise own Class B Stock.   

   Class A Non-Voting Common 

Stock 

Shares 

Percent 

1,026,106 

10.9 

530,947 

5.7 

773,384 

8.2 

BlackRock, Inc. (1) 
50 Hudson Yards 
New York, NY 10001 

The Vanguard Group (2) 
100 Vanguard Blvd. 
Malvern, PA 19355  

T. Rowe Price Investment Management, Inc. (3) 
101 E. Pratt Street 
Baltimore, MD 21201 

(1) 

(2) 

Pursuant to a Schedule 13G/A filed by  BlackRock, Inc., or BlackRock,  with the SEC on January 24, 2024, BlackRock  is the 
beneficial owner of 1,026,106 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock, and, to the extent it has voting rights under Delaware law, 
BlackRock has reported having sole voting power with respect to 1,006,293 shares and shared voting power with respect to 0 
shares, as well as sole dispositive power with respect to 1,026,106 shares and shared dispositive power with respect to 0 shares.   

Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed by The Vanguard Group, or Vanguard, with the SEC on February 13, 2024, Vanguard is the 
beneficial owner of 530,947 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock, and, to the extent it has voting rights under Delaware law, 
Vanguard has reported having sole voting power with respect to 0 shares and shared voting power with respect to 13,696 shares, 
as well as sole dispositive power with respect to 508,599 shares and shared dispositive power with respect to 22,438 shares. 

(3) 

Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed by T. Rowe Price Investment Management, Inc., or T. Rowe Price, with the SEC on February 
14, 2024, T. Rowe Price is the beneficial owner of 773,384 shares of Class A Non-Voting Stock, and, to the extent it has voting 

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rights under Delaware law, T. Rowe Price has reported having sole voting power with respect to 277,650 shares and shared voting 
power with respect to 0 shares, as well as sole dispositive power with respect to 773,384 shares and shared dispositive power 
with respect to 0 shares.   

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans 

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

The following table provides information on the shares of our Class A Non-Voting Stock that may be issued upon exercise of outstanding 
stock options and vesting of awards as of December 31, 2023 under the Company’s stockholder approved stock plans. 

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

Number of 
securities 
remaining 
available for 
future 
issuance 
under equity 
compensation 
plans 
(excluding 
securities 
reflected in 
column (a)) 

Number of 
securities to 
be issued 
upon 
exercise of 
outstanding 
options (a)    

Weighted-
average 
exercise 
price of 
outstanding 
options 

Plan category 

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders 

5,000    

$-0-    

279,932 

Total 

5,000     

$-0-     

279,932 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE 

We have three directors who are considered independent under the Nasdaq listing standards:  Kenneth R. Biederman, John R. Eisenbrey, 
Jr., and Michael Houghton. 

Review and Approval of Transactions with Related Persons 

As set forth in the Company’s Audit Committee Charter, the Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing and, if appropriate, approving 
all related-party transactions between us and any officer, director, any person known to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any 
class of the Company’s voting securities or any other related person that would potentially require disclosure.   We expect that any 
transactions in which related persons have a direct or indirect interest will be presented to the Audit Committee for review and approval.  
While  neither  the  Audit  Committee  nor  the  Board  have  adopted  a  written  policy  regarding  related-party  transactions,  the  Audit 
Committee considers such information as it deems important to determine whether the transaction is  on reasonable and competitive 
terms and is fair to the Company.  In addition, the Audit Committee makes inquiries to our management and our auditors when reviewing 
such transactions.   

Related person transactions include any transaction in which (1) the Company is a participant, (2) any related person has a direct or 
indirect material interest and (3) the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of the Company’s 
total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal  years, but excludes certain type of transactions where  the related person is 
deemed  not  to  have  a  material  interest.    A  related  person  means:  (a)  any  person  who  is,  or  at  any  time  since  the  beginning  of  the 
Company’s last fiscal year was, a director, an executive officer or a director nominee; (b) any person known to be the beneficial owner 
of more than 5% of any class of the Company’s voting securities; (c) any immediate family member of a person identified in items (a) 
or (b) above, meaning such person’s spouse, parent, stepparent, child, stepchild, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-
law, brother- or sister-in-law or any other individual (other than a tenant or employee) who shares the person’s household; or (d) any 
entity that employs any person identified in (a), (b) or (c) or in which any person identified in (a), (b) or (c) directly or indirectly owns 
or otherwise has a material interest. 

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In its review and approval or ratification of related person transactions (including its determination as to whether the related person 
has a material interest in a transaction), the Audit Committee will consider, among other factors: 

the nature of the related person’s interest in the transaction; 
the material terms of the transaction, including, without limitation, the amount and type of transaction; 
the importance of the transaction to the related person; 
the importance of the transaction to the Company; 

− 
− 
− 
− 
−  whether the transaction would impair the judgment of a director or executive officer to act in the best interest of the 

Company; and 
any other matters the Audit Committee deems important or appropriate. 

− 

The Audit Committee intends to approve only those related person transactions that are in, or are not inconsistent with, the best 
interests of the Company and its stockholders. 

Related Party Transactions 

There were not any related party transactions during the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.   

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES  

Fees Billed by Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The following table sets forth the aggregate contract fees billed to the Company for the fiscal year 2023 and 2022 by the independent 
registered public accounting firm, BDO USA, P.C.  

(In thousands) 
Audit Fees 
Audit-Related Fees 
Tax Fees 
All Other Fees 

Total Fees 

2023 

2022 

$ 

$ 

$ 

527   
40   
---   
---   

567  

$ 

415 
21 
--- 
--- 

436 

 Audit Fees: consist primarily of fees for the audits of our financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K; the reviews 
of the financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q; and fees billed for assurance, services related to registration 
statements and other documents issued in connection with securities and related services that are reasonably related to the performance 
of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements.  In 2023 the independent registered public accounting firm provided 
services related to the Company’s Form S-3 Registration Statement.   

Audit-Related Fees: consist of fees for services related to the audit of the Company’s 401(k) Plan.  

Tax Fees: consist of fees for professional services for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.  These services include assistance 
regarding federal and state tax compliance, return preparation and tax audits.  The independent registered public accounting firm did not 
provide any tax services to the Company in 2023 and 2022. 

All Other Fees:  consist of fees for services other than described above.  The independent registered public accounting firm  did not 
provide any other services to the Company in 2023 and 2022. 

Pursuant to our policy, the Audit Committee pre-approves audit and tax services for the year as well as non-audit services to be provided 
by  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm.   Any  changes  in  the  amounts  quoted  are  also  subject  to  pre-approval  by  the 
committee.  Any audit related fees and tax fees paid are pre-approved by the committee. 

The Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors has considered whether BDO’s provision of the services described above 
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 is compatible with maintaining its independence. 

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

The following documents are filed as part of this report: 

(1) 

Financial Statements: 

PART IV 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accountants (BDO USA, P.C.; Wilmington, DE; 
PCAOB ID# 243) 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2023 and 2022 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three years ended December 31, 2023 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three years ended December 31, 2023 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three years ended 
December 31, 2023 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

(2) 

Exhibits:  see the exhibit list below 

* Page number shown refers to page number in this Annual Report on Form 10-K 

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY 

Information with respect to this item is not required and has been omitted at our option. 

Page(s)* 

60 - 61 
31 
32 
33 - 34 

35 
36 – 59 

80 - 85 

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ARTESIAN RESOURCES CORPORATION 
FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT 
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 

EXHIBIT LIST 

Exhibit 
Number Description 

3.1  Amended and Restated By-laws of Artesian Resources Corporation incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with 

the Company’s Form 8-K filed on November 23, 2020. 

3.2  Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company effective April 28, 2004 incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 

filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on May 3, 2004  for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2004. 

4.1  First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement between Artesian Water Company, Inc. 
and CoBank, ACB dated October 25, 2022. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2022 for the quarter ended September 30, 2022. 

4.2  Twenty-Fifth Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 29, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and Wilmington 
Trust Company, as trustee.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q 
filed on May 5, 2022 for the quarter ended March 31, 2022. 

4.3  Bond Purchase Agreement, dated April 29, 2022, by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc., and CoBank, ACB.   

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 5, 2022 for the 
quarter ended March 31, 2022. 

4.4  Twenty-Fourth  Supplemental  Indenture  dated  as  of  December  17,  2019,  between  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc., 
subsidiary of the Company, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed 
with the Company's Form 8-K filed on December 19, 2019. 

4.5  Bond Purchase Agreement, dated December 17, 2019 by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company,  and  the  Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  Trustee.  Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  filed  with  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 17, 2019. 

4.6  Twenty-Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 31, 2018, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary 
of the Company, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the 
Company's Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2018. 

4.7  Bond Purchase Agreement,  dated January 31, 2018 by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company, and CoBank, ACB.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with the Company’s  Form 8-K filed on 
February 2, 2018. 

4.8  Twenty-Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 18, 2017, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary 
of the Company, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the 
Company's Form 8-K filed on January 20, 2017. 

4.9  Bond Purchase Agreement,  dated January 18, 2017 by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company, and CoBank, ACB.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with the Company’s  Form 8-K filed on 
January 20, 2017. 

4.10  First  Amendment  to  Indenture  of  Mortgage  and  to  the  Sixteenth,  Eighteenth  and  Twentieth  Supplemental  Indentures 
dated as of January 18, 2017, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the Company, and Wilmington Trust 
Company, as Trustee. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2017 filed on March 15, 2018. 

4.11  Letter Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2015, by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and CoBank ACB. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on September 18, 2015. 

4.12  Twenty-First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 20, 2009, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary 
of the Company, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 filed with the 

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Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

4.13  Twentieth Supplemental Indenture dated as of December 1, 2008, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of 
the  Company,  and  Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  Trustee.    Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  filed  with  the 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 4, 2008. 

4.14  First Amendment to Bond Purchase Agreement, dated as of January 18, 2017 by and between Artesian Water Company, 
Inc., subsidiary of the Company, and CoBank, ACB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 filed with the Company’s 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 15, 2018. 

4.15  Bond Purchase Agreement, dated December 1, 2008 by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company, and CoBank, ACB.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with the Company’s  Form 8-K filed on 
December 4, 2008. 

4.16  Eighteenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of August 1, 2005, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company,  and  Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  Trustee.  Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company's 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 filed on August 9, 2005. 

4.17  Sixteenth Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 31, 2003 between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the 
Company,  and  the  Wilmington  Trust  Company,  as  Trustee.  Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  filed  with  the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 filed on March 10, 2004. 

4.18 

Indenture of Mortgage dated July 1, 1961, between Artesian Water Company, Inc., subsidiary of the Company, and the 
Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10 filed with the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 15, 2018. 

4.19  Second Amendment to Master Loan Agreement, dated as of November 13, 2019, by and between Artesian Wastewater 
Management, Inc. and CoBank, ACB.    Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.16 filed with the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed on March 13, 2020. 

4.20  First  Amendment  to  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  as  of  January  10,  2019,  by  and  between  Artesian  Wastewater 
Management, Inc. and CoBank, ACB.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.17 filed with the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed on March 13, 2020. 

4.21  Guarantee of Payment, dated as of August 8, 2018, by and between Artesian Resources Corporation and CoBank, ACB. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2018. 

4.22  Master  Loan  Agreement,  dated  as  of  August  8,  2018,  by  and  between  Artesian  Wastewater  Management,  Inc.  and 

CoBank, ACB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2018. 

4.23  Artesian Resources Corporation 2015 Equity Compensation Plan. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the 

Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed December 16, 2015. 

4.24  Interest Rate Lock Agreement, dated as of October 8, 2019, by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and CoBank, 

ACB, Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 11, 2019. 

4.25  Description of the Company’s Securities.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.22 filed with the Company’s Annual 

Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed on March 13, 2020. 

4.26 

Interest Rate Lock Agreement, dated as of February 7, 2022, by and between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and CoBank, 
ACB. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 10, 2022. 

10.1  Amended and Restated Demand Line of Credit Agreement between Artesian Resources Corporation, and Citizens Bank, 
N.A. dated July August 3, 2023.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on 
November 7, 2023. 

10.2  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000033, dated as of December 9, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on December 12, 2022.   

81 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.3  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022D-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  December  9,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2022. 

10.4  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000032, dated as of December 9, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on December 12, 2022.   

10.5  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022E-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  December  9,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2022. 

10.6  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000031, dated as of December 9, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on December 12, 2022.   

10.7  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022F-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  December  9,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 12, 2022. 

10.8  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000030, dated as of August 12, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on August 15, 2022.   

10.9  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022A-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  August  12,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2022. 

10.10  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000029, dated as of August 12, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on August 15, 2022. 

10.11  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022B-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  August  12,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2022. 

10.12  Financing Agreement, Loan No. 22000028, dated as of August 12, 2022, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and 
Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social 
Services, Division of Public Health., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed 
on August 15, 2022. 

10.13  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2022C-DWSRF, 
dated  as  of  August  12,  2022,  issued  by  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  in  favor  of  Delaware  Drinking  Water  State 
Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health., 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 15, 2022. 

10.14  Settlement Agreement upon which The Chemours Company FC, LLC, Hercules, LLC, Waste Management of Delaware, 
Inc.,  SC  Holdings,  Inc.,  Cytec  Industries,  Inc.,  Zeneca  Inc.,  and  Bayer  CropScience  Inc.,  collectively  the  Percentage 
Settlors, and the Delaware Sand and Gravel Remedial Trust, on one hand, and Artesian Water  Company, Inc., on the 
other hand, have agreed to resolve certain of Artesian Water’s claims and issues relating to releases of contaminants from 
the Delaware Sand & Gravel Landfill Superfund Site, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s 

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2022. 

10.15  Amendment to Asset Purchase Agreement, dated May 11, 2022, by and among Artesian Water Company, Inc., a Delaware 
corporation, and the Town of Clayton, a Delaware municipality, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the 
Company’s Form 10-Q filed on August 5, 2022. 

10.16  Stock Purchase Agreement, dated August 27, 2021, by and among Artesian Wastewater Management, Inc., a Delaware 
corporation, and Middlesex Water Company, a New Jersey corporation. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed 
with the Company’s Form 10-Q filed on November 5, 2021. 

10.17  Asset  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  February  16,  2022,  by  and  among  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.  a  Delaware 
corporation, and the Town of Clayton, a Delaware municipality. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed on March 11, 2022. 

10.18  Asset Purchase Agreement, dated June 11, 2020 by and among Artesian Water Company, Inc., a Delaware corporation, 
and the City of Delaware City, a Delaware municipality.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Company’s 
Form 8-K filed on June 16, 2020. 

10.19  Asset  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  February  27,  2020  by  and  among  Artesian  Water  Company,  Inc.,  a  Delaware 
corporation, and the Town of Frankford, a Delaware municipality.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with 
Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 4, 2020. 

10.20  Financing Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2020, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and Delaware Drinking Water 
State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public 
Health.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.21  General Obligation Note (New Castle  County Water Main Transmission Replacements  Projects), Series 2020A-SRF, 
dated as of April 28, 2020, issued by Artesian Water Company, Inc. in favor of Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving 
Fund,  acting  by  and  through  the  Delaware  Department  of  Health  &  Social  Services,  Division  of  Public  Health.  
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.22  Financing Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2020, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and Delaware Drinking Water 
State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public 
Health.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.23  General  Obligation  Note  (New  Castle  County  Water  Main  Transmission  Replacements Projects),  Series  2020B-SRF, 
dated as of April 28, 2020, issued by Artesian Water Company, Inc. in favor of Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving 
Fund,  acting  by  and  through  the  Delaware  Department  of  Health  &  Social  Services,  Division  of  Public  Health.  
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.24  Financing Agreement, dated as of April 28, 2020, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and Delaware Drinking Water 
State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public 
Health.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.25  General  Obligation  Note  (New  Castle  County  Water  Main  Transmission  Replacements Projects),  Series  2020C-SRF, 
dated as of April 28, 2020, issued by Artesian Water Company, Inc. in favor of Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving 
Fund,  acting  by  and  through  the  Delaware  Department  of  Health  &  Social  Services,  Division  of  Public  Health.  
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 2020. 

10.26  General Obligation Note (New Castle County Water Main Transmission Replacements Projects), Series 2011-SRF, dated 
as of July 15, 2011, issued by Artesian Water Company, Inc. in favor of Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund, 
acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public Health.  Incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 19, 2011. 

10.27  Financing Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2011, between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and Delaware Drinking Water 
State Revolving Fund, acting by and through the Delaware Department of Health & Social Services, Division of Public 
Health.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 19, 2011. 

10.28  Financing Agreement and General Obligation Note dated February 12, 2010 between Artesian Water Company, Inc. 

and Delaware Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Delaware Department of Health and Social Services, Division of 
Public Health.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 17, 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
2010. 

10.29  Second Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement between Artesian Water Company, Inc. and CoBank, ACB 
dated  September  20,  2019.  Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  filed  with  the  Company’s  Form  10-Q  filed  on 
November 8, 2019.   

10.30  Demand Line of Credit Agreement dated January 19, 2010 between Artesian Resources Corporation and each of its 

subsidiaries and Citizens Bank of Pennsylvania, as amended or modified from time to time.  Incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.2 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on January 25, 2010.   

10.31  Amendment to Agreement for Purchase of Water Assets of the Town of Port Deposit and for the provision of Potable 
Water Services, dated November 1, 2010 by and among Artesian Water Maryland, Inc., a Delaware Corporation, Artesian 
Resources Corporation, a Delaware Corporation and the Mayor and Town Council of Port Deposit, Maryland, a body 
corporate and politic organized under the laws of the State of Maryland. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed 
with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2010. 

10.32  Water Asset Purchase Agreement, dated December 1, 2009 by and among Artesian Water Maryland, Inc., a Delaware 
Corporation, Artesian Resources Corporation, a Delaware Corporation and the Mayor and Town Council of Port Deposit, 
Maryland, a body corporate and politic organized under the laws of the State of Maryland.  Incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on December 2, 2009. 

10.33  Limited Liability Interest Purchase Agreement, dated May 5, 2008, by and among Artesian Maryland, Inc., a Delaware 
corporation,  Mountain  Hill  Water  Company,  LLC,  a  Maryland  limited  liability  company,  Sunrise  Holdings,  L.P.,  a 
Pennsylvania  limited  partnership  and  Artesian  Resources  Corporation,  a  Delaware  corporation.  Incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 9, 2008. 

10.34  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  2005  Equity  Compensation  Plan.  Incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  to  the 

Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2005 filed on August 9, 2005. *** 

10.35  Amended  and  Restated  Artesian  Resources  Corporation  1992  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Plan,  as  amended. 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 
2003 filed on July 31, 2003.*** 

10.36  Artesian Resources Corporation Incentive Stock Option Plan.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(e) filed with the 

Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995.*** 

10.37  Officer's Medical Reimbursement Plan dated May 27, 1992.  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with the 

Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2001.*** 

21  Subsidiaries of the Company as of December 31, 2023. * 

23.1  Consent of BDO USA, P.C. * 

31.1  Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * 

31.2  Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. * 

32  Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 

of 2002. ** 

   97  Artesian Resources Corporation Clawback Policy, effective as of August 7, 2023. * 

101.INS  Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL 

tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document). * 

101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. * 

101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. * 

101.DEF  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. * 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.LAB Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. * 

101.PRE  Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. * 

104  Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101). * 

 * 
** 
*** 

Filed herewith. 
Furnished herewith. 
Compensation plan or arrangement required to be filed or incorporated as an exhibit. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIGNATURES 
ARTESIAN RESOURCES CORPORATION 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report 
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

Date March 18, 2024 

By: /s/ DAVID B. SPACHT 
David B. Spacht 
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial 
Officer) 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on 
behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

Title 

Date 

/s/ DIAN C. TAYLOR 
Dian C. Taylor 

Chair of the Board of Directors, President       
and Chief Executive Officer (Principal 
Executive Officer) 

March 18, 2024 

/s/ DAVID B. SPACHT 
David B. Spacht 

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial      
 Officer) 

March 18, 2024 

/s/ JENNIFER L. FINCH 
Jennifer L. Finch 

Corporate Treasurer and Senior Vice  
President of Finance (Principal Accounting 
Officer) 

/s/ KENNETH R. BIEDERMAN 
Kenneth R. Biederman 

Director 

/s/ JOHN R. EISENBREY, JR. 
John R. Eisenbrey, Jr. 

/s/ MICHAEL HOUGHTON 
Michael Houghton 

/s/ NICHOLLE R. TAYLOR 
Nicholle R. Taylor 

Director 

Director 

Director 

March 18, 2024 

March 18, 2024 

March 18, 2024 

March 18, 2024 

March 18, 2024 

86 

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
EXHIBIT 21 

ARTESIAN RESOURCES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES 

Subsidiaries of Registrant 

The following list includes the Registrant and all of its subsidiaries.  All subsidiaries of the Registrant appearing in the following table 
are included in the consolidated financial statements of the Registrant and its subsidiaries. 

Name of Company 

Artesian Resources Corporation 

Artesian Water Company, Inc. 
Artesian Water Pennsylvania, Inc. 
Artesian Water Maryland, Inc. 
Artesian Development Corporation 
Artesian Wastewater Management, Inc. 

Tidewater Environmental Services, Inc. dba Artesian Wastewater 

Artesian Wastewater Maryland, Inc. 
Artesian Utility Development, Inc. 

State of 
Incorporation 

Delaware 
Delaware 
Pennsylvania 
Delaware 
Delaware 
Delaware 
Delaware 
Delaware 
Delaware 

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EXHIBIT 23.1 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-3 (Nos. 333-88531 and 333-266821) and 
Form S-8 (Nos. 333-05255, 333-31209, 333-78043, 333-126910 and 333-208582) of Artesian Resources Corporation of our report dated 
March  18,  2023,  relating  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  which  appear  in  this  Annual  Report  to  Stockholders,  which  is 
incorporated by reference on this Form 10-K. 

/s/ BDO USA, P.C. 

BDO USA, P.C. 
Wilmington, Delaware 
March 18, 2024 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Artesian Resources Corporation, required  
by Rule 13a – 14(a) as adopted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 

I, Dian C. Taylor, certify that:  

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023 of Artesian Resources Corporation; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the  registrant  as  of,  and  for,  the  periods 
presented in this report; 

4.  The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined 
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared; 

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance  regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles; 

c.  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant's  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

d.  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and 

5.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant's  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant's  board  of  directors  (or  persons 
performing the equivalent functions): 

a.  All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize  and 
report financial information; and 

b.  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

Date: March 18, 2024 

   /s/ Dian C. Taylor 
Dian C. Taylor 
Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Artesian Resources Corporation, required  
by Rule 13a – 14(a) as adopted under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 

I, David B. Spacht, certify that:  

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023 of Artesian Resources Corporation; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the  registrant  as  of,  and  for,  the  periods 
presented in this report; 

4.  The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined 
in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared; 

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles; 

c.  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant's  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and 

d.  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and 

5.  The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant's  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant's  board  of  directors  (or  persons 
performing the equivalent functions): 

a.  All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the  registrant's ability to record, process, summarize  and 
report financial information; and 

b.  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

Date: March 18, 2024 

   /s/ David B. Spacht 
David B. Spacht 
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 
pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 

I, Dian C. Taylor, Chief Executive Officer, and David B. Spacht, Chief Financial Officer, of Artesian Resources Corporation, a Delaware 
corporation (the "Company"), hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002, that, based on our knowledge: 

1.  The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2023 (the " Report") fully complies with the 
requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 USC Section 78m(a) or Section 78o(d)), as 
amended; and 

2.  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition of the Company at the 
end of the period covered by the Report and results of operations of the Company for the period covered by the Report. 

Date: March 18, 2024 

Chief Executive Officer: 

   /s/ Dian C. Taylor 
Dian C. Taylor 

Chief Financial Officer: 

   /s/ David B. Spacht 
David B. Spacht 

     These certifications accompany the Report to which they relate, are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (whether made before or after the date of the Report), irrespective of any general incorporation 
language contained in such filing. 

91