Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Insurance - Brokers / Arthur J. Gallagher

Arthur J. Gallagher

ajg · NYSE Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker ajg
Exchange NYSE
Sector Financial Services
Industry Insurance - Brokers
Employees 10,000+
← All annual reports
FY2020 Annual Report · Arthur J. Gallagher
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
|   2020 Annual Report

Culture. 
Community. 
Confidence.

Culture. 

Since Gallagher was founded in 1927, there’s been one constant that has guided us: our culture. 

Instilled by Arthur J. Gallagher at the beginning, defined by Bob Gallagher in 1984 and put into 

practice every day by over 32,000 colleagues around the globe, The Gallagher Way serves as 

the foundation of ethics and service in our ever-changing business. It’s one of the many reasons 

we are the only insurance broker to have earned recognition as one of the World’s Most Ethical 

Companies for 10 consecutive years.

Community.

Our trust and connection to one another has always been at the heart of what we do and who we 

are. You’ll often hear us saying this is the greatest business in the world, and that’s because, at the 

end of each day, we’re working on what matters most: being there for businesses when they need 

it, helping people as they put their lives back together and always giving back to our communities 

to help them face whatever comes next. 

Confidence.

Our focus is rooted in our company purpose: helping people and businesses move forward with 

confidence. It’s what drives the expertise, solutions and technology we bring to our clients to 

help them prosper. Our ability to deliver exceptional service would not be possible without the 

hard work and dedication of our greatest asset—our people. And by supporting one another, 

day in and day out, we will continue building confidence together.

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C. 20549  

FORM 10-K 

☒   Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934  

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020 

☐   Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934  

For the transition period from                                          to 
Commission file number 1-09761 

ARTHUR J. GALLAGHER & CO.  
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)  

DELAWARE 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 
2850 Golf Road 
Rolling Meadows, Illinois 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

36-2151613 
(I.R.S. Employer 
Identification Number) 

60008-4050 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (630) 773-3800 

Title of each class 
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Trading 
Symbol(s) 
AJG 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
New York Stock Exchange 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes ☒ No ☐. 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes ☐ No ☒. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒ No ☐.  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to 
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such 
files).    Yes ☒ No ☐. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company, or emerging growth company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and 
“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  
Large accelerated filer 



☒   Accelerated filer 
☐   Smaller reporting company 
  Emerging growth company 



☐ 



☐ 



☐ 

Non-accelerated filer 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying 
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its 
internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 726(b)) by the registered public 
accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report    Yes ☒ No ☐. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐ No ☒. 
The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the last reported 
price at which the registrant’s common equity was sold on June 30, 2020 (the last day of the registrant’s most recently completed second 
quarter) was $16,249,616,000.  
The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $1.00 par value, as of January 31, 2021 was 193,740,000. 
Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.’s definitive 2021 Proxy Statement are incorporated by 
reference into this Form 10-K in response to Part III to the extent described herein. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements 

This report contains certain statements related to future results, or states our intentions, beliefs and expectations or predictions for the 
future, which are forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Forward-
looking statements relate to expectations or forecasts of future events.  Such statements use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” 
“estimate,” “expect,” “contemplate,” “forecast,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “potential,” and other similar terms, and future or 
conditional tense verbs like “could,” “may,” “might,” “see,” “should,” “will” and “would.”  You can also identify forward-looking 
statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts.  For example, we may use forward-looking 
statements when addressing topics such as: market and industry conditions, including competitive and pricing trends; acquisition 
strategy including the expected size of our acquisition program; the expected impact of acquisitions and dispositions; the development 
and performance of our services and products; changes in the composition or level of our revenues or earnings; our cost structure and 
the size and outcome of cost-saving or restructuring initiatives; future capital expenditures; future debt levels and anticipated actions 
to be taken in connection with maturing debt; future debt to earnings ratios; the outcome of contingencies; dividend policy; pension 
obligations; cash flow and liquidity; capital structure and financial losses; future actions by regulators; the outcome of existing 
regulatory actions, investigations, reviews or litigation; the impact of changes in accounting rules; financial markets; interest rates; 
foreign exchange rates; matters relating to our operations; income taxes, expectations regarding our investments, including our clean 
energy investments; human capital management, including diversity and inclusion initiatives; environmental, social and governance 
matters, including climate-resilience products and services and carbon emissions; and integrating recent acquisitions.  These forward-
looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from either historical 
or anticipated results depending on a variety of factors.   

Potential factors that could impact results include:   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including its effect on the economy, our employees, our clients, the regulatory 
environment and our operations; 

The current or a future economic downturn or unstable economic conditions, whatever the cause, including the effects of the 
COVID-19 pandemic, or other factors like Brexit, worsening international relations, tariffs, trade wars, political violence and 
unrest in the U.S. or around the world, or climate change and other long-term environmental, social and governance matters 
and global health risks; 

Volatility or declines in premiums or other adverse trends in the insurance industry; 

Competitive pressures, including as a result of innovation, in each of our businesses;  

Risks that could negatively affect the success of our acquisition strategy, including the impact of current economic 
uncertainty on our ability to source, review and price acquisitions, continuing consolidation in our industry and growing 
interest in acquiring insurance brokers on the part of private equity firms and newly public insurance brokers, which could 
make it more difficult to identify targets and could make them more expensive, the risk that we may not receive timely 
regulatory approval of desired transactions, execution risks, integration risks, poor cultural fit, the risk of post-acquisition 
deterioration leading to intangible asset impairment charges, and the risk we could incur or assume unanticipated liabilities 
such as cybersecurity issues or those relating to violations of anti-corruption and sanctions laws; 

Failure to successfully and cost-effectively integrate recently acquired businesses and their operations or fully realize 
synergies from such acquisitions in the expected time frame; 

Cyber attacks or other cybersecurity incidents including the ransomware incident referred to elsewhere in this report under 
“Update on Ransomware Incident”; improper disclosure of confidential, personal or proprietary data; and changes to laws 
and regulations governing cybersecurity and data privacy; 

Risks arising from changes in U.S. or foreign tax laws, including the current U.S. president’s administration’s potential 
reversal of all or part of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 2017 (which we refer to as the TCJA) and related regulations; 

Uncertainty from the expected discontinuance of LIBOR; 

Our failure to attract and retain experienced and qualified talent, including our senior management team, and the risk of our 
CEO or another senior executive contracting COVID-19; 

Risks arising from our international operations, including the risks posed by political and economic uncertainty in certain 
countries (such as the risks posed by Brexit), risks related to maintaining regulatory and legal compliance across multiple 
jurisdictions (such as those relating to violations of anti-corruption, sanctions and privacy laws), rising global tensions and 
protectionism, and risks arising from the complexity of managing businesses across different time zones, languages, 
geographies, cultures and legal regimes that conflict with one another at times;  

1 

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Risks particular to our risk management segment, including reduced economic activity due to COVID-19 further reducing 
claim activity, any slowing of the trend toward outsourcing claims administration, and the concentration of large amounts of 
revenue with certain clients; 

Risks particular to our benefit consulting operations, including reduced economic activity due to COVID-19 further reducing 
fee revenue from special projects and risks to the business posed by potential changes to health legislation under the current 
U.S. president’s administration; 

The higher level of variability inherent in contingent and supplemental revenues versus standard commission revenues, 
particularly in light of the changed revenue recognition accounting standard; 

Sustained increases in the cost of employee benefits; 

A disaster or other significant disruption to business continuity; including natural disasters and political violence and unrest 
in the U.S. or elsewhere around the world; 

Damage to our reputation including as a result of environmental, social and governance (ESG) matters; 

Climate risks, including the risk of a systemic economic crisis and disruptions to our business caused by the transition to a 
low-carbon economy; 

Our failure to apply technology effectively in driving value for our clients through technology-based solutions, or failure to 
gain internal efficiencies and effective internal controls through the application of technology and related tools; 

Our failure to comply with regulatory requirements, including those related to governance and control requirements in 
particular jurisdictions, international sanctions, or a change in regulations or enforcement policies that adversely affects our 
operations (for example, relating to insurance broker compensation methods); 

Violations or alleged violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (which we refer to as FCPA), the U.K. Bribery Act 
2010 or other anti-corruption laws and the Foreign Account Tax Compliance provisions of the Hiring Incentives to Restore 
Employment Act (which we refer to as FATCA); 

The outcome of any existing or future investigation, review, regulatory action or litigation; 

Unfavorable determinations related to contingencies and legal proceedings; 

Significant changes in foreign exchange rates; 

Changes to our financial presentation from new accounting estimates and assumptions; 

Risks related to our clean energy investments, including intellectual property claims, utilities switching from coal to natural 
gas or renewable energy sources, environmental and product liability claims, environmental compliance costs and the risk of 
disallowance by the Internal Revenue Service (which we refer to as the IRS) of previously claimed tax credits; 

The risk that our outstanding debt adversely affects our financial flexibility and restrictions and limitations in the agreements 
and instruments governing our debt; 

The risk we may not be able to receive dividends or other distributions from subsidiaries; 

The risk of share ownership dilution when we issue common stock as consideration for acquisitions and for other reasons; 
and  

Volatility of the price of our common stock. 

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance.  They involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including 
the risk factors referred to above, and are currently, or in the future could be, amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic.  Our future 
performance and actual results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements.  Accordingly, you should 
not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of, and are based on information available to us on, the 
date of the applicable document.  Many of the factors that will determine these results are beyond our ability to control or predict.  All 
subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in 
their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section.  Forward-looking statements speak only as of the 
date that they are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any such statements or release publicly any revisions to 
these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect new information, future or 
unexpected events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law or regulation.   

A detailed discussion of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our published expectations is contained 
under the heading “Risk Factors” in this report and any other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 
the future. 

2 

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Annual Report on Form 10-K 
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 
Index 

Part I. 

Item 1.  Business 

Item 1A. Risk Factors 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 

Item 2.  Properties 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Information About Our Executive Officers 

Part II. 

Page No. 

4-8

9-23

24

24

24

24

24

Item 5.  Market  for  the  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of  Equity

25-26

Securities 

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk 

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 

Item 9B. Other Information 

Part III. 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

Part IV. 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

Item 16.  Form 10-K Summary 

Signatures 

Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 

26

27-56

     56-57 

58-114

1155

1155

115

115

115

11515

116

1166

116-118

118

11919

120

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1. Business.  

Overview  

Part I 

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and its subsidiaries, collectively referred to herein as we, our, us or Gallagher, are engaged in providing 
insurance brokerage, consulting, and third-party property/casualty claims settlement and administration services to businesses and 
organizations around the world.  We believe that our major strength is our ability to deliver comprehensively structured insurance, 
insurance and risk management solutions, superior claim outcomes and comprehensive consulting services to our clients.   

Our brokerage segment operations provide brokerage and consulting services to businesses and organizations of all types, including 
commercial, not-for-profit, and public entities, and, to a lesser extent, individuals, in the areas of insurance placement, risk of loss 
management, and management of employer sponsored benefit programs.  Our risk management segment operations provide contract 
claim settlement, claim administration, loss control services and risk management consulting for commercial, not-for-profit, captive 
and public entities, and various other organizations that choose to self-insure property/casualty coverages or choose to use a third-
party claims management organization rather than the claim services provided by an underwriting enterprise. 

We do not assume underwriting risk on a net basis, other than with respect to de minimis amounts necessary to provide minimum or 
regulatory capital to organize captives, pools, specialized underwriters or risk-retention groups.  Rather, capital necessary for covering 
events of loss is provided by “underwriting enterprises,” which we define as insurance companies, reinsurance companies and various 
other risk-taking entities, including intermediaries of underwriting enterprises, that we do not own or control.  

Since our founding in 1927, we have grown from a one-person insurance agency to the world’s fourth largest insurance broker/risk 
manager based on revenues, according to Business Insurance magazine’s July/August 2020 edition, and one of the world’s largest 
property/casualty third party claims administrators, according to Business Insurance magazine’s May 2020 edition.  We have three 
reportable segments: brokerage, risk management and corporate, which contributed approximately 74%, 14% and 12%, respectively, 
to 2020 revenues.  We generate approximately 68% of our revenues from the combined brokerage and risk management segments in 
the United States (U.S.), with the remaining 32% generated internationally, primarily in the United Kingdom (U.K.), Australia, 
Canada, New Zealand and Bermuda.  All of the revenues of the corporate segment are generated in the U.S. 

Shares of our common stock are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “AJG”, and we had a market 
capitalization at December 31, 2020 of approximately $24.0 billion.  Information in this report is as of December 31, 2020 unless 
otherwise noted.  We were reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1972.  Our executive offices are located at 2850 Golf Road, 
Rolling Meadows, Illinois 60008-4050, and our telephone number is (630) 773-3800. 

Operating Segments  

We report our results in three segments: brokerage, risk management and corporate.  The major sources of our operating revenues are 
commissions, fees and supplemental and contingent revenues from our brokerage operations, and fees, including performance-based 
fees, from our risk management operations.  The corporate segment generates revenues from our clean energy investments. 

Our business, particularly our brokerage business, is subject to seasonal fluctuations.  Commissions, fees, supplemental revenues and 
contingent revenues, and our costs to obtain and fulfill the service obligations to our clients, can vary from quarter to quarter as a 
result of the timing of contract-effective dates.  On the other hand, salaries and employee benefits, rent, depreciation and amortization 
expenses generally tend to be more uniform throughout the year.  The timing of acquisitions, recognition of books of business gains 
and losses and the variability in the recognition of tax credits generated by our clean energy investments also impact the trends in our 
quarterly operating results.   

Brokerage Segment 

The brokerage segment accounted for 74% of our revenues in 2020.  Our brokerage segment operates through a network of more than 
480 sales and service offices located throughout the U.S. and more than 170 sales and service offices in 49 countries, most of which 
are in the U.K., Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Bermuda.  Most of these offices are fully staffed with sales and service 
personnel.  We also offer client service capabilities in more than 150 countries around the world through a network of correspondent 
brokers and consultants. 

4 

 
 
Retail Insurance Brokerage Operations 

Our retail insurance brokerage operations accounted for 82% of our brokerage segment revenues in 2020.  Our retail brokerage 
operations place nearly all lines of commercial property/casualty and health and welfare insurance coverage.  Significant lines of 
insurance coverage and consultant capabilities are as follows: 

Aviation 
Casualty 
Claims Advocacy 
Commercial Auto 
Compensation 
Cyber Liability 
Dental 
Directors & Officers Liability 

  Disability 
  Earthquake 
  Errors & Omissions 
  Exchange Solutions 
  Executive Benefits 
  Fiduciary Services 
  Fine Arts 
  Fire 

  General Liability 
  Health & Welfare 
  Healthcare Analytics 
  Human Resources 
  Institutional Investment 
  Loss Control 
  Marine 
  Medical 

  Products Liability 
  Professional Liability 
  Property 
  Retirement 
  Surety Bond 
  Voluntary Benefits 
  Wind 
  Workers' Compensation 

Our retail brokerage operations are organized and operate within certain key niche/practice groups, which account for approximately 
64% of our retail brokerage revenues.  These specialized teams target areas of business and/or industries in which we have developed 
a depth of expertise and a large client base.  Significant niche/practice groups we serve are as follows: 

Affinity 
Automotive 
Aviation 
Construction 
Energy 
Entertainment 
Environmental 

  Equity Advisors 
  Financial Institutions 
  Food/Agribusiness 
  Global Risks 
  Healthcare 
  Higher Education 
  K12 Education 

  Law Firms 
  Life Sciences 
  Marine 
  Not-for-Profit 
  Personal 
  Private Client 
  Public Entity 

  Real Estate/Hospitality 
  Religious 
  Restaurant 
  Technology 
  Trade Credit/Political Risk 
  Transportation 

Our specialized focus on these niche/practice groups allows for highly-focused marketing efforts and facilitates the development of 
value-added products and services specific to those industries.  We believe that our detailed understanding and broad client contacts 
within these niche/practice groups provide us with a competitive advantage. 

We anticipate that our retail brokerage operations’ greatest revenue growth over the next several years will continue to come from: 

  Mergers and acquisitions; 

 

 

 

Our niche/practice groups and middle-market accounts; 

Cross-selling other brokerage products to existing clients; and 

Developing and managing alternative market mechanisms such as captives, rent-a-captives and deductible 
plans/self-insurance. 

Wholesale Insurance Brokerage Operations  

Our wholesale insurance brokerage operations accounted for 18% of our brokerage segment revenues in 2020.  Our wholesale brokers 
assist our retail brokers and other non-affiliated brokers in the placement of specialized and hard-to-place insurance.  These brokers 
operate through approximately 170 offices primarily located across the U.S., Bermuda and through our approved Lloyd’s of London 
brokerage operation.  In certain cases we act as a brokerage wholesaler, and in other cases we act as a managing general agent or 
managing general underwriter distributing specialized insurance coverages for underwriting enterprises.  Managing general agents and 
managing general underwriters are agents authorized by an underwriting enterprise to manage all or a part of its business in a specific 
geographic territory.  Activities they perform on behalf of the underwriting enterprise may include marketing, underwriting (although 
we do not assume any underwriting risk), issuing policies, collecting premiums, appointing and supervising other agents, paying 
claims and negotiating reinsurance.  

More than 79% of our wholesale brokerage revenues comes from non-affiliated brokerage clients.  Based on revenues, our domestic 
wholesale brokerage operation ranked as the largest managing general agents/underwriting managers/Lloyds coverholders according 
to Business Insurance magazine’s September 2020 edition.   

5 

 
 
 
 
    
 
We anticipate growing our wholesale brokerage operations by increasing the number of broker-clients, developing new managing 
general agency and underwriter programs, and through mergers and acquisitions.   

Risk Management Segment  

Our risk management segment accounted for 14% of our revenues in 2020.  Approximately 63% of our risk management segment’s 
revenues are from workers’ compensation-related claims, 29% are from general and commercial auto liability-related claims and 8% 
are from property-related claims in 2020.   

Risk management services are primarily marketed directly to Fortune 1000 companies, larger middle-market companies, not for profit 
organizations and public entities on an independent basis from our brokerage operations.  We manage our third party claims adjusting 
operations through a network of more than 65 offices located throughout the U.S., Australia, the U.K., New Zealand and Canada.  
Most of these offices are fully staffed with claims adjusters and other service personnel.  Our adjusters and service personnel act solely 
on behalf and under the instruction of our clients. 

While this segment complements our brokerage and consulting offerings, approximately 90% of our risk management segment’s 
revenues come from clients not affiliated with our brokerage operations, such as underwriting enterprises and clients of other 
insurance brokers.  Based on revenues, our risk management operation ranked as one of the world’s largest property/casualty third 
party claims administrators according to Business Insurance magazine’s May 2020 edition.   

We expect that the risk management segment’s most significant growth prospects through the next several years will come from: 

 

 

 

Program business and the outsourcing of portions of underwriting enterprise claims departments;  

Increased levels of business with Fortune 1000 companies;  

Larger middle-market companies and captives; and 

  Mergers and acquisitions. 

Corporate Segment 

The corporate segment accounted for 12% of our revenues in 2020.  The corporate segment reports the financial information related to 
our debt, clean energy investments, external acquisition-related expenses, other corporate costs and the impact of foreign currency 
translation.  The revenues reported by this segment result almost solely from our consolidated clean energy investments. 

We own 35 commercial clean coal production facilities that are qualified to produce refined coal using Chem-Mod LLC’s proprietary 
technologies.  These operations produce refined coal that we believe qualifies for tax credits under Internal Revenue Code (which we 
refer to as IRC) Section 45.  The law that provides for IRC Section 45 tax credits expired as of December 31, 2019 for 14 of our plants 
and will expire on or before December 31, 2021 for the other 21 plants.  Chem-Mod LLC (described below) is a privately-held 
enterprise that has commercialized multi-pollutant reduction technologies to reduce mercury, sulfur dioxide and other emissions at 
coal-fired power plants.  We own 46.5% of Chem-Mod LLC and are its controlling managing member.  We also have a 12.0% 
noncontrolling interest in dormant, privately-held, enterprises, C-Quest Technology LLC and C-Quest Technologies 
International LLC (which we refer to as together, C-Quest), which own technologies that reduce carbon dioxide emissions created by 
burning fossil fuels.  At this time, it is unclear if C-Quest will ever become commercially viable.   

International and Other Brokerage Related Operations  

We operate as a retail commercial property and casualty broker throughout 46 locations in Australia, 46 locations in Canada and 
34 locations in New Zealand.  In the U.K., we operate as a retail broker from approximately 116 locations.  We also have specialty, 
wholesale, underwriting and reinsurance intermediary operations in London for clients to access Lloyd’s of London and other 
international underwriting enterprises, and a program operation offering customized risk management products and services to U.K. 
public entities. 

In Bermuda, we act principally as a wholesale broker for clients looking to access Bermuda-based underwriting enterprises and we 
also provide management and administrative services for captive insurance entities.   

We also have strategic brokerage alliances with a variety of independent brokers in countries where we do not have a local office 
presence.  Through this global network of correspondent insurance brokers and consultants, we are able to serve our clients’ coverage 
and service needs in more than 150 countries around the world. 

6 

 
Captive underwriting enterprises - We have ownership interests in several underwriting enterprises based in the U.S., Bermuda, 
Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man and Malta, that primarily operate segregated account “rent-a-captive” facilities.  These “rent-a-
captive” facilities enable our clients to receive the benefits of participating in a captive underwriting enterprise without incurring 
certain disadvantages of ownership.   

We also have a wholly owned underwriting enterprise subsidiary based in the U.S. that cedes all of its insurance risk of loss to 
reinsurers or captives under facultative and quota-share treaty reinsurance agreements.  See Note 18 to our 2020 consolidated financial 
statements for additional financial information related to the insurance activity of our wholly owned underwriting enterprise subsidiary 
for 2020, 2019 and 2018. 

Competition  

Brokerage Segment 

The insurance brokerage and consulting business is highly competitive and there are many organizations and individuals throughout 
the world who actively compete with us in every area of our business.   

We believe that the primary factors determining our competitive position with other organizations in our industry are the quality of the 
services we render, the personalized attention we provide, the individual and corporate expertise providing the actual service to the 
client, and the overall cost to our clients.  We provide sophisticated data analysis to help our clients make insurance decisions.  
Through our electronic platform, SmartMarket, we also provide insurance carriers with individualized preference setting and risk 
identification capabilities, as well as performance data and metrics.  We believe these capabilities provide a growing competitive 
advantage with respect to many of the smaller organizations with which we compete.   

Risk Management Segment 

Our risk management operation currently ranks as one of the world’s largest property/casualty third party claims administrators based 
on revenues, according to Business Insurance magazine’s May 2020 edition.  We believe that the primary factors determining our 
competitive position are our ability to deliver better claim outcomes, reputation for outstanding service, cost-efficient service and 
financial strength. 

Business Combinations  

We completed and integrated 583 acquisitions from January 1, 2002 through December 31, 2020, most of which were within our 
brokerage segment.  The majority of these acquisitions have been smaller regional or local brokerages, agencies, or employee benefit 
consulting operations with a middle or small client focus and/or significant expertise in one of our niche/practice groups.  The total 
purchase price for individual acquisitions has typically ranged from $1.0 million to $100.0 million.   

Through acquisitions, we seek to expand our talent pool, enhance our geographic presence and service capabilities, and/or broaden 
and further diversify our business mix.  We also focus on identifying: 

 

 

 

A corporate culture that matches our sales-oriented and ethics-based culture; 

A profitable, growing business whose ability to compete would be enhanced by gaining access to our greater 
resources; and 

Clearly defined financial criteria. 

See Note 3 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a summary of our 2020 acquisitions, the amount and form of the 
consideration paid and the dates of acquisitions. 

Clients 

Our client base is highly diversified and includes commercial, industrial, public entity, religious and not-for-profit entities.  In 2020, 
our largest single client represented approximately 1.0% and our ten largest clients together represented approximately 3.0% of our 
combined brokerage and risk management segment revenues.  

7 

 
 
 
Human Capital 

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on our human capital management.  Of our nearly 1,000 office locations, 
nearly 400 are open, but most of those at reduced capacity. Accordingly, the vast majority of our employees continue to work 
remotely for some or all of their work week.  We have instituted safety protocols and procedures for employees when they are in an 
office and have not had any office-wide outbreaks of COVID-19. 

As of December 31, 2020, we had 32,401 employees, with approximately 50% in the U.S. and 50% outside of the U.S.  
Approximately 76% of our employees work in our brokerage segment and 20% in our risk management segment.  Our remaining 
employees work in our corporate segment, primarily in our home office and financial services division, as well as in our service 
centers in India and elsewhere around the world.  In 2020, our total compensation expense was $2,882.5 million for the brokerage 
segment and $517.5 million for the risk management segment, representing 55.8% and 63.0%, respectively, of brokerage and risk 
management segment revenues.  Additional information regarding compensation expense, both on a reported and an adjusted basis, 
can be found elsewhere in this report under Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations.  

While many of our new employees come to us through mergers and acquisitions and traditional hiring, “growing our own” has long 
been a key part of our human capital strategy.  Our summer internship program began more than fifty years ago with a single intern.  
Since then, our program has grown globally and we employed more than 400 interns each summer in 2018 and 2019 (we had fewer 
interns in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic).  We provide our interns with professional development and on-the-job sales training 
that gives them the opportunity to cultivate expertise and accelerate their full-time sales career growth. 

As of December 31, 2020, approximately 59.8% of our employees were women, including 47.3% of managers and 40.2% of 
producers.  In the U.S., approximately 23.6% of our employees were racially/ethnically diverse, including 14.4% of managers and 
18.9% of producers. 

Regulation 

Many of our activities throughout the world are subject to regulatory supervision and regulations promulgated by bodies such as the 
SEC, the Department of Justice (DOJ), the IRS, the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the Federal Trade Commission in the U.S., 
the Financial Conduct Authority in the U.K., the Australian Securities and Investments Commission in Australia and insurance 
regulators in nearly every jurisdiction in which we operate.  Our retirement-related consulting and investment services are subject to 
pension law and financial regulation in many countries.  Our activities are also subject to a variety of other laws, rules and regulations 
addressing licensing, data privacy, wage-and-hour standards, employment and labor relations, anti-competition, anti-corruption, 
currency, reserves and the amount of local investment with respect to our operations in certain countries.   

The global nature of our operations increases the complexity and cost of compliance with laws and regulations, including increased 
staffing needs, the development of new policies, procedures and internal controls and providing training to employees in multiple 
locations, adding to our cost of doing business.  Many of these laws and regulations may have differing or conflicting legal standards 
across jurisdictions, increasing further the complexity and cost of compliance.  In emerging markets and other jurisdictions with less 
developed legal systems, local laws and regulations may not be established with sufficiently clear and reliable guidance to provide us 
with adequate assurance that we are aware of all necessary licenses to operate our business, that we are operating our business in a 
compliant manner, or that our rights are otherwise protected.  In addition, major political and legal developments in jurisdictions in 
which we do business may lead to new regulatory costs and challenges.  

Regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department pursuant to FATCA require us to take various measures relating to non-
U.S. funds, transactions and accounts.  

Available Information 

Our executive offices are located at 2850 Golf Road, Rolling Meadows, Illinois 60008-4050, and our telephone number is 
(630) 773-3800.  Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to 
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, are available free of charge on our website at 
http://investor.ajg.com/sec-filings as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing or furnishing such material to the 
Securities and Exchange Commission.  The Securities and Exchange Commission also maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that 
includes our reports, proxy statements and other information.  Unless expressly noted, the information on our website, including our 
investor relations website, or any other website is not incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K and should not be considered part 
of this Form 10-K or any other filing we make with the SEC. 

8 

 
Item 1A. Risk Factors. 

Please carefully consider the following discussion of significant factors, events, and uncertainties that make an investment in our 
securities risky.  The events and consequences discussed in these risk factors could, in circumstances we may not be able to accurately 
predict, recognize, or control, have a material adverse effect on our business, growth, reputation, prospects, financial condition, 
operating results (including components of our financial results such as revenues and net earnings), cash flows, liquidity, and stock 
price.  These risk factors do not identify all risks that we face; our operations could also be affected by factors, events, or uncertainties 
that are not presently known to us or that we currently do not consider to present significant risks to our operations.  In addition, the 
global economic climate amplifies many of these risks. 

Risks Relating to our Business Generally 

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has and could continue to adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial 
condition. 

The global spread of COVID-19 (including potentially more contagious strains of COVID-19 such as those recently detected in the 
U.K., South Africa and Brazil) has created significant volatility and uncertainty and economic disruption.  The extent to which the 
pandemic impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors, many of which are not 
within our control and which we may not be able to accurately predict, including: its duration and scope; the ultimate availability, 
administration and effectiveness of vaccines, and our employees’ and the general population’s willingness to receive them; 
governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the impact of the 
pandemic on economic activity and actions taken in response; the effect on our clients and client demand for our services; our ability 
to sell and provide our services, including limitations on travel and difficulties of our clients and employees working from home; the 
ability of our clients to pay their insurance premiums which could impact our commission and fee revenues for our services; the nature 
and extent of claims impacting the ability of underwriting enterprises to pay supplemental and contingent commissions; the decrease 
in new arising workers’ compensation and general liability claims; the long-term impact of closing our offices and our employees 
working from home, including increased technology costs; the impact of lost revenue on our employees’ variable and base 
compensation levels; the impact of uncertainty related to salary raises and future compensation levels; the impact of reduced 
investments and postponements related to business modernization projects; the impact of furloughed or terminated employees; and the 
impact of reduced advertising and sponsorship investments. 

 

 

Economy-related risks.  The decline in economic activity caused by COVID-19 has already adversely affected, and in 
future periods, could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.  Continued 
reductions in our clients’ exposure units (such as headcount, payroll, properties, the market values of their assets, and 
plant, equipment and other asset utilization levels, among other factors) will reduce the amount of insurance coverage and 
consulting and claims administration services they need.  In addition, with unprecedented levels of unemployment and 
business closures during the past year, the number of newly arising workers’ compensation and general liability claims, 
which directly impact our fee revenues in our risk management operation, declined materially.  Certain of our industry 
niches, such as hospitality, transportation, manufacturing and construction, have been significantly affected by the 
economic decline.  The decline in economic activity due to COVID-19 has caused some of our clients to become 
financially less stable, and if this trend continues and clients enter bankruptcy, liquidate their operations or consolidate, 
our revenues and the collectability of our receivables will be adversely affected.  Clients with losses due to COVID-19, in 
addition to suing underwriting enterprises for insurance coverage under business interruption and other policies, may also 
sue us for improperly failing to procure coverage, and some clients have already done so.  In addition, in our risk 
management operation, we inform claimants of insurance coverage and compensability determinations on behalf of our 
third-party claims administration clients (including, during the past year, with respect to numerous COVID-19 related 
claims) on the basis of client direction or written opinions from outside counsel.  Claimants who have been denied 
coverage and sue our clients may also bring actions against us.  While we do not believe any such actions against us 
generally have merit, they could result in significant costs, damage our reputation, and/or harm our relationships with 
clients. 

Regulatory risks.  To mitigate the economic impact caused by COVID-19, certain governmental entities have proposed 
requiring underwriting enterprises to pay business interruption and workers compensation claims for COVID-19 losses 
despite applicable policy exclusions.  Retroactively expanding business interruption or other coverages could materially 
negatively affect underwriting enterprises, reduce the availability of insurance coverage, and negatively affect our ability 
to generate commission revenues from such policies as well as supplemental and contingent commissions from 
underwriting enterprises.  While some have proposed liability protections in the U.S. for companies bringing employees 
back into the office following the pandemic, the chances of such legislation being adopted under the current U.S. 
president’s administration and Democratic-led Congress may have diminished. 

9 

 
 
 

Risks related to remote work.  Many of our employees continue to work from home.  While we have not experienced 
any significant operating difficulties since our work-from-home practices began, the inability to meet potential and 
existing clients face to face has, in some cases, negatively impacted our ability to sell and provide our services.  
Contingency plans related to our service center in India depend upon the normal functioning of our other offices around 
the world, and until that is the case, we face elevated risk in the event of a crisis rendering the India service center 
inoperable.  The stresses of remote work for some of our employees may decrease their productivity or make them feel 
detached from colleagues and the organization.  In some cases, this may make them more vulnerable to solicitations by 
competing firms.  In addition, our increased reliance on work-from-home technologies and our employees’ more frequent 
use of personal devices and non-standard business processing may increase the risk of cybersecurity or data breaches from 
circumvention of security systems, denial-of-service attacks or other cyber-attacks, hacking, “phishing” attacks, computer 
viruses, ransomware, malware, employee or insider error, malfeasance, social engineering, physical breaches or other 
actions.  While we do not believe the ransomware incident referred to elsewhere in this report occurred because of remote 
work, it serves as an important illustration of the heightened risk. 

COVID-19 and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming from the pandemic, as well as reactions to future 
pandemics or new strains or resurgences of COVID-19, could also precipitate or aggravate the other risk factors that we identify in 
this report, which in turn could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations (including 
revenues and profitability) and/or stock price.  Further, COVID-19 may also affect our operating and financial results in a manner that 
is not presently known to us or that we currently do not consider to present significant risks to our operations. 

An economic downturn, as well as unstable economic conditions in the countries and regions in which we operate, could 
adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.  

Apart from the impact of COVID-19, a decline in economic activity for any other reason (including climate change, or the uncertainty 
caused by political violence and chaos) could adversely impact us in future years as a result of reductions in the amount of insurance 
coverage and consulting services that our clients purchase due to reductions in their headcount, payroll, properties, and the market 
values of assets, among other factors.  Any such reduction or decline (whether caused by an overall economic decline or declines in 
certain industries or in certain countries and regions in which we operate) could adversely impact our commission revenues, 
consulting revenues or revenues from managing third-party insurance claims.  Some of our clients may experience liquidity problems 
or other financial difficulties in the event of a prolonged deterioration in the economy, which could have an adverse effect on our 
results of operations and financial condition.  If our clients become financially less stable, enter bankruptcy, liquidate their operations 
or consolidate, our revenues and collectability of receivables could be adversely affected.   

The exit of the U.K. from the European Union (Brexit) could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. 

The U.K. formally left the European Union (EU) on January 31, 2020 and an agreed implementation period ended on December 31, 
2020.  Although the U.K. and the EU reached a trade and customs agreement, this agreement did not extend to insurance brokerage 
services.  Accordingly, while our European Economic Area (EEA) client base is a small part of our U.K. operations, we have now 
transferred those clients to a Swedish subsidiary, authorized in the EEA.  Some services will be provided through staff working in a 
U.K. branch of the subsidiary.  Although this “reverse branch” model is typical of other brokers of a similar size, there can be no 
assurance that the approach of EU regulators will not change, potentially requiring us to adjust our plans in relation to the U.K. branch 
and causing further management distraction and cost.  In such an event, our results of operations and financial condition could be 
adversely affected. 

Economic conditions that result in financial difficulties for underwriting enterprises or lead to reduced risk-taking capital 
capacity could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. 

We have a significant amount of receivables from certain of the underwriting enterprises with which we place insurance.  If those 
companies experience liquidity problems or other financial difficulties, we could encounter delays or defaults in payments owed to us, 
which could have a significant adverse impact on our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.  The failure of an 
underwriting enterprise with which we place business could result in errors and omissions claims against us by our clients.  Further, 
the failure of errors and omissions underwriting enterprises could make the errors and omissions insurance we rely upon cost 
prohibitive or unavailable.  Any of these developments could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.  In 
addition, if underwriting enterprises merge or if a large underwriting enterprise fails or withdraws from offering certain lines of 
coverage, for example, because of large payouts related to climate change or other emerging risk areas, overall risk-taking capital 
capacity could be negatively affected, which could reduce our ability to place certain lines of coverage and, as a result, reduce our 
revenues and profitability.   

10 

 
 
We have historically acquired large numbers of insurance brokers, benefit consulting firms and, to a lesser extent, claim and 
risk management firms.  We may not be able to continue such an acquisition strategy in the future and there are risks 
associated with such acquisitions, which could adversely affect our growth and results of operations. 

Our acquisition program has been an important part of our historical growth, particularly in our brokerage segment, and we believe 
that similar acquisition activity will be important to maintaining comparable growth in the future.  Failure to successfully identify and 
complete acquisitions likely would result in us achieving slower growth.  Continuing consolidation in our industry and growing 
interest in acquiring insurance brokers on the part of private equity firms, private equity-backed consolidators and newly public 
insurance brokers (one of which has a partnership tax structure that gives it an advantage in pricing acquisitions) has in some cases 
made and could in the future make appropriate acquisition targets more difficult to identify and more expensive.  Even if we are able 
to identify appropriate acquisition targets, we may not have sufficient capital to fund acquisitions, be able to execute transactions on 
favorable terms or integrate targets in a manner that allows us to realize the benefits we have historically experienced from 
acquisitions.  When regulatory approval of acquisitions is required, our ability to complete acquisitions may be limited by an ongoing 
regulatory review or other issues with the relevant regulator.  Our ability to finance and integrate acquisitions may also decrease if we 
complete a greater number of larger acquisitions than we have historically.  See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements 
elsewhere in this report for information regarding the size of transactions in the reporting period. 

Post-acquisition risks include poor cultural fit and risks relating to retention of personnel, retention of clients, entry into unfamiliar or 
complex markets or lines of business, contingencies or liabilities, such as violations of sanctions laws or anti-corruption laws 
including the FCPA and U.K. Bribery Act, risks relating to ensuring compliance with licensing and regulatory requirements, tax and 
accounting issues, the risk that the acquisition distracts management and personnel from our existing business, and integration 
difficulties relating to accounting, information technology, pay equity, human resources, or employee attrition, some or all of which 
could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and growth.  The failure of acquisition targets to achieve anticipated revenue 
and earnings levels could also result in goodwill impairment charges.  

We own interests in firms where we do not exercise management control (such as Casanueva Perez S.A.P. de C.V. in Mexico) and are 
therefore unable to direct or manage the business to realize the anticipated benefits, including mitigation of risks, that could be 
achieved through full integration. 

We face significant competitive pressures in each of our businesses. 

The insurance brokerage and employee benefit consulting businesses are highly competitive and many insurance brokerage and 
employee benefit consulting organizations actively compete with us in one or more areas of our business around the world.  Three of 
the firms we compete with in the global risk management and brokerage markets (two of which are in the process of merging, subject 
to regulatory approval) have revenues significantly larger than ours.  In addition, many other smaller firms that operate nationally or 
that are strong in a particular country, region or locality may have, in that country, region or locality, an office with revenues as large 
as or larger than those of our corresponding local office.  Our third party claims administration operation also faces significant 
competition from stand-alone firms as well as divisions of larger firms.  Over the past decade or more, private equity sponsors have 
invested heavily in the insurance brokerage and third party claims administration industries, creating new competitors and 
strengthening existing ones.  Across all of our operations, Insurtech and technology-based start-ups are entering the business.  In most 
cases, these businesses complement or enhance our offerings, but in some cases they compete with us. 

We believe that the primary factors determining our competitive position with other organizations in our industry are the quality of the 
services we render, the personalized attention we provide, the individual and corporate expertise of the brokers and consultants 
providing the actual service to the client and our ability to help our clients manage their overall risk exposure and insurance costs.  
Losing business to competitors offering similar services or products at a lower cost or having other competitive advantages would 
adversely affect our business. 

Consolidation among our existing competitors (such as the pending merger between Aon and Willis Towers Watson) could create 
additional competitive pressure on us as such firms grow their market share, take advantage of strategic and operational synergies and 
develop lower cost structures.  In addition, any increase in competition due to new legislative or industry developments could 
adversely affect us.   

These developments include:  

 

 

Increased capital-raising by underwriting enterprises, which could result in new risk-taking capital in the industry, which 
in turn may lead to lower insurance premiums and commissions; 

Underwriting enterprises selling insurance directly to insureds without the involvement of a broker or other intermediary; 

11 

 
 

 

 

 

 

Changes in our business compensation model as a result of regulatory developments; 

Federal and state governments establishing programs to provide health insurance (such as a single-payer system being 
discussed by some in the U.S.) or, in certain cases, property insurance in catastrophe-prone areas or other alternative 
market types of coverage, that compete with, or completely replace, insurance products currently offered by underwriting 
enterprises;  

Climate-change regulation in the U.S. and around the world moving us toward a low-carbon economy, which could create 
new competitive pressures around climate resilience consulting services and innovative insurance solutions;  

Continued consolidation in the financial services industry, leading to larger financial services institutions offering a wider 
variety of services including insurance brokerage and risk management services; and 

Increased competition from new market participants such as banks, accounting firms, consulting firms and Internet or 
other technology firms offering risk management or insurance brokerage services, or new distribution channels for 
insurance such as payroll firms and professional employer organizations. 

New competition as a result of these or other legislative or industry developments could cause the demand for our products and 
services to decrease, which could in turn adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.   

Volatility or declines in premiums or other adverse trends in the insurance industry may seriously undermine our 
profitability. 

We derive much of our revenue from commissions and fees for our brokerage services.  We do not determine the insurance premiums 
on which our commissions are generally based.  Moreover, insurance premiums are cyclical in nature and may vary widely based on 
market conditions.  Because of market cycles for insurance product pricing, which we cannot predict or control, our brokerage 
revenues and profitability can be volatile or remain depressed for significant periods of time.   

As underwriting enterprises continue to outsource the production of premium revenue to non-affiliated brokers or agents such as us, 
those companies may seek to further minimize their expenses by reducing the commission rates payable to insurance agents or 
brokers.  The reduction of these commission rates, along with general volatility and/or declines in premiums, may significantly affect 
our profitability.  Because we do not determine the timing or extent of premium pricing changes, it is difficult to forecast our 
commission revenues precisely, including whether they will significantly decline.  As a result, we may have to adjust our budgets for 
future acquisitions, capital expenditures, dividend payments, debt repayments and other expenditures to account for unexpected 
changes in revenues, and any decreases in premium rates may adversely affect the results of our operations. 

In addition, there have been and may continue to be various trends in the insurance industry toward alternative insurance markets 
including, among other things, greater levels of self-insurance, captives, rent-a-captives, risk retention groups and non-insurance 
capital markets-based solutions to traditional insurance.  While historically we have been able to participate in certain of these 
activities on behalf of our clients and obtain fee revenue for such services, there can be no assurance that we will realize revenues and 
profitability as favorable as those realized from our traditional brokerage activities.  Our ability to generate premium-based 
commission revenue may also be challenged by the growing desire of some clients to compensate brokers based upon flat fees rather 
than a percentage of premium.  This could negatively impact us because fees are generally not indexed for inflation and might not 
increase with premiums as commissions do or with the level of service provided. 

Contingent and supplemental revenues we receive from underwriting enterprises are less predictable than standard 
commission revenues, and any decrease in the amount of these forms of revenue could adversely affect our results of 
operations. 

A meaningful portion of our revenues consists of contingent and supplemental revenues from underwriting enterprises.  Contingent 
revenues are paid after the insurance contract period, generally in the first or second quarter, based on the growth and/or profitability 
of business we placed with an underwriting enterprise during the prior year.  On the other hand, supplemental revenues are paid up 
front, on an annual or quarterly basis, generally based on our historical premium volumes with the underwriting enterprise and 
additional capabilities or services we bring to the engagement.  While underwriting enterprises generally maintain supplemental 
revenues in the current year at a pre-determined rate, that rate can change in future years as described above.  If, due to the current 
economic environment or for any other reason, we are unable to meet an underwriting enterprise’s particular profitability, volume or 
growth thresholds, as the case may be, or such companies increase their estimate of loss reserves (over which we have no control), 
actual contingent revenues or supplemental revenues could be less than anticipated, which could adversely affect our results of 
operations.  In the case of contingent revenues, under revenue recognition accounting standards, this could lead to the reversal of 
revenues in future periods that were recognized in prior periods.  

12 

 
If we are unable to apply technology effectively in driving value for our clients through technology-based solutions or gain 
internal efficiencies and effective internal controls through the application of technology and related tools, our operating 
results, client relationships, growth and compliance programs could be adversely affected. 

Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to anticipate and respond effectively to the threat and opportunity presented by 
digital disruption and developments in technology.  These may include new applications or insurance-related services based on 
artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, blockchain or new approaches to data mining.  We may be exposed to competitive 
risks related to the adoption and application of new technologies by established market participants (for example, through 
disintermediation) or new entrants such as technology companies, “Insurtech” start-up companies and others.  These new entrants are 
focused on using technology and innovation, including artificial intelligence and blockchain, to simplify and improve the client 
experience, increase efficiencies, alter business models and effect other potentially disruptive changes in the industries in which we 
operate.  We must also develop and implement technology solutions and technical expertise among our employees that anticipate and 
keep pace with rapid and continuing changes in technology, industry standards, client preferences and internal control standards.  We 
may not be successful in anticipating or responding to these developments on a timely and cost-effective basis and our ideas may not 
be accepted in the marketplace.  Additionally, the effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies in our business 
requires us to incur significant expenses.  Investments in technology systems (for example, technology and cybersecurity investments 
we are making in response to the ransomware incident referred to elsewhere in this report) may not deliver the benefits or perform as 
expected, or may be replaced or become obsolete more quickly than expected, which could result in operational difficulties or 
additional costs.  If we cannot offer new technologies as quickly as our competitors, or if our competitors develop more cost-effective 
technologies or product offerings, we could experience a material adverse effect on our operating results, client relationships, growth 
and compliance programs. 

In some cases, we depend on key third-party vendors and partners to provide technology and other support for our strategic initiatives.  
If these third parties fail to perform their obligations or cease to work with us, our ability to execute on our strategic initiatives could 
be adversely affected. 

Damage to our reputation could have a material adverse effect on our business.  

Our reputation is one of our key assets.  We advise our clients on and provide services related to a wide range of subjects and our 
ability to attract and retain clients is highly dependent upon the external perceptions of our level of service, ability to protect client 
information, trustworthiness, business practices, financial condition and other subjective qualities such as culture and values.  Our 
success is also dependent on maintaining a good reputation with existing and potential employees, investors, regulators and the 
communities in which we operate.  Negative perceptions or publicity regarding the matters noted above, including our association 
with clients or business partners with damaged reputations, or from actual or alleged conduct by us or our employees, could damage 
our reputation.  Our reputation could also be harmed by negative perceptions or publicity regarding ESG matters including concerns 
with environmental matters, climate change, workforce diversity, pay equity, harassment, racial justice, cyber security and data 
privacy.  Any resulting erosion of trust and confidence could make it difficult for us to attract and retain clients, employees or 
investors, result in lower ESG ratings and exclusion of our stock from ESG-oriented indices or investment funds, or harm our 
relationships with regulators and the communities in which we operate.  Any of these matters could have a material adverse effect on 
our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to attract and retain experienced and qualified talent, including our senior 
management team. 

We depend upon members of our senior management team, who possess extensive knowledge and a deep understanding of our 
business and strategy.  We could be adversely affected if we fail to plan adequately for the succession of these leaders, including our 
chief executive officer, or if one or more of them contracts COVID-19.  We could also be adversely affected if we fail to attract and 
retain talent and foster a diverse and inclusive workplace throughout our organization.  Competition for talent in rapidly developing 
fields such as artificial intelligence and data engineering is particularly intense.  In addition, our industry has experienced competition 
for leading brokers and in the past we have lost key brokers and groups of brokers, along with their clients, business relationships and 
intellectual property directly to our competition.  We enter into agreements with many of our brokers and significant client-facing 
employees and all of our executive officers, which prohibit them from disclosing confidential information and/or soliciting our clients, 
prospects and employees upon their termination of employment.  The confidentiality and non-solicitation provisions of such 
agreements terminate in the event of a hostile change in control, as defined in the agreements.  Although we pursue legal actions for 
alleged breaches of non-compete or other restrictive covenants, theft of trade secrets, breaches of fiduciary duties, intellectual property 
infringement and related causes of action, such legal actions may not be effective in preventing such breaches, theft or infringement.  
Our failure to adequately address any of these issues could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and 
financial condition.  See also “Risks related to remote work” in our COVID-19 risk factor above. 

13 

 
Our substantial operations outside the U.S. expose us to risks different than those we face in the U.S. 

In 2020, we generated approximately 32% of our combined brokerage and risk management revenues outside the U.S.  The global 
nature of our business creates operational and economic risks.  Adverse geopolitical or economic conditions may temporarily or 
permanently disrupt our operations outside the U.S. or create difficulties in staffing and managing such operations.  For example, we 
have substantial operations in India that provide important services for other parts of our global organization.  To date, the dispute 
between India and Pakistan involving the Kashmir region, rising tensions between India and China, incidents of terrorism in India and 
general geopolitical uncertainties have not adversely affected our operations in India.  However, such factors could potentially affect 
our operations there in the future.  Should our access to these services be disrupted, our business, operating results and financial 
condition could be adversely affected. 

Operating outside the U.S. may also present other risks that are different from, or greater than, the risks we face doing comparable 
business in the U.S.  These include, among others, risks relating to: 

  Maintaining awareness of and complying with a wide variety of labor practices and foreign laws, including those relating 
to export and import duties, environmental policies and privacy issues, as well as laws and regulations applicable to U.S. 
business operations abroad.  These and other international regulatory risks are described below under “Regulatory, Legal 
and Accounting Risks”; 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The potential costs, difficulties and risks associated with local regulations across the globe, including the risk of personal 
liability for directors and officers (for example, in the U.K.) and “piercing the corporate veil” risks under the corporate 
law regimes of certain countries; 

Difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations.  For example, we are building our Latin American operations 
(which contributed $45.8 million in revenue from 18 locations in 2020) through acquisitions of local family-owned 
insurance brokerage firms.  If we lose a local leader, recruiting a replacement locally or finding an internal candidate 
qualified to transfer to such location could be difficult; 

Less flexible employee relationships, which in certain circumstances has limited our ability to prohibit employees from 
competing with us after they are no longer employed with us or recover damages, and made it more difficult and 
expensive to terminate their employment; 

Some of our foreign subsidiaries receive revenues or incur obligations in currencies that differ from their functional 
currencies.  We must also translate the financial results of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars.  Although we have 
used foreign currency hedging strategies in the past and currently have some in place, such risks cannot be eliminated 
entirely, and significant changes in exchange rates may adversely affect our results of operations; 

Conflicting regulations in the countries in which we do business; 

Political and economic instability (including risks relating to undeveloped or evolving legal systems, unstable 
governments, acts of terrorism and outbreaks of war); 

Coordinating our communications and logistics across geographic distances, multiple time zones and in different 
languages, including during times of crisis management; 

The transition away from LIBOR to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as a benchmark reference for short-term 
interest rates; 

Unfavorable audits and exposure to additional liabilities relating to various non-income taxes (such as payroll, sales, use, 
value-added, net worth, property and goods and services taxes) in foreign jurisdictions.  In addition, our future effective 
tax rates could be unfavorably affected by changes in tax rates, discriminatory or confiscatory taxation, changes in the 
valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, changes in tax laws or their interpretation and the financial results of our 
international subsidiaries.  The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development continues to issue reports and 
recommendations as part of its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting project (which we refer to as BEPS), and in response 
many countries in which we do business are expected to adopt rules which may change various aspects of the existing 
framework under which our tax obligations are determined.  For example, in response to BEPS, the U.K., Australia and 
New Zealand adopted rules that affect the deductibility of interest paid on intercompany debt, and other jurisdictions 
where we operate may do so as well in the near future.  Many jurisdictions adopted stimulus measures in response to 
COVID-19, many of which offered continued employment benefit subsidies, payroll tax deferrals or tax refunds that have 
various tax impacts for businesses; 

 

Legal or political constraints on our ability to maintain or increase prices; 

14 

 
 
 

 

 

Cash balances held in foreign banks and institutions where governments have not specifically enacted formal guarantee 
programs;  

New pandemics (in addition to COVID-19) at a regional or global level; and 

Lost business or other financial harm due to protectionism in the U.S. and in countries around the world, including 
adverse trade policies, governmental actions affecting the flow of goods, services and currency, and governmental 
restrictions on the transfer of funds to us from our operations outside the U.S. 

The trade and military policies of the U.S. government could further develop in ways that exacerbate the risks described above, or 
introduce new risks for our international operations.  If any of these risks materialize, our results of operations and financial condition 
could be adversely affected. 

We face a variety of risks in our risk management third-party claims administration operations that are distinct from those we 
face in our insurance brokerage and benefit consulting operations. 

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a reduction in the number of claims we processed, negatively impacting our third party 
claims administration operations to a greater degree than the rest of our business.  This disproportionate negative impact could 
continue into 2021.  Our third party claims administration operations also face a variety of additional risks distinct from those faced by 
the rest of our business, including the risks that:  

 

 

 

The favorable trend among both underwriting enterprises and self-insured entities toward outsourcing various types of 
claims administration and risk management services will reverse or slow, causing our revenues or revenue growth to 
decline; 

Concentration of large amounts of revenue with certain clients results in greater exposure to the potential negative effects 
of lost business due to changes in management at such clients or changes in state government policies, in the case of our 
government-entity clients, or for other reasons; 

Contracting terms will become less favorable or the margins on our services will decrease due to increased competition, 
regulatory constraints or other developments; 

  We will not be able to satisfy regulatory requirements related to third party administrators or regulatory developments 
(including those relating to security and data privacy) will impose additional burdens, costs or business restrictions that 
make our business less profitable; 

 

 

Volatility in our case volumes, which are dependent upon a number of factors and difficult to forecast accurately, could 
impact our revenues; 

If we do not control our labor and technology costs, we may be unable to remain competitive in the marketplace and 
profitably fulfill our existing contracts (other than those that provide cost-plus or other margin protection); 

  We may be unable to develop further efficiencies in our claims-handling business and may be unable to obtain or retain 

certain clients if we fail to make adequate improvements in technology or operations; and 

 

Underwriting enterprises or certain large self-insured entities may create in-house servicing capabilities that compete with 
our third party administration and other administration, servicing and risk management products, and we could face 
additional competition from potential new entrants into the global claims management services market. 

If any of these risks materialize, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. 

We face a variety of risks in our benefit consulting operations distinct from those we face in our insurance brokerage 
operations. 

Our benefit consulting operations face a variety of risks distinct from those faced by our brokerage operations.  The portion of our 
revenue derived from consulting engagements and special project work is more vulnerable to reduction, postponement, cancellation or 
non-renewal during an economic downturn than traditional insurance brokerage commissions, and we did experience such a reduction 
in 2020.  If the economy is slow to recover in 2021, we could experience further deterioration in these sources of revenue.  Certain 
areas within our retirement consulting practice may attract a higher level of regulatory scrutiny due to regulators’ historical interest in 
such matters, including pension-related products and investment advisory and broker-dealer services.  In addition, we have made 
significant investments in product and knowledge development to assist clients as they navigate the complex regulatory requirements 
relating to employer-sponsored healthcare.  New laws or regulations reducing employer-sponsored health insurance could impact 

15 

 
 
 
clients’ demand for our services.  If we are unable to adapt our services to changes in the legal and regulatory landscape around 
employer-sponsored healthcare, our results of operations could be adversely impacted. 

Sustained increases in the cost of employee benefits could reduce our profitability.  

The cost of current employees’ medical and other benefits, as well as pension retirement benefits and postretirement medical benefits 
under our legacy defined benefit plans, substantially affects our profitability.  In the past, we have occasionally experienced significant 
increases in these costs as a result of macro-economic factors beyond our control, including increases in health care costs, declines in 
investment returns on pension assets and changes in discount rates and actuarial assumptions used to calculate pension and related 
liabilities.  A significant decrease in the value of our defined benefit pension plan assets, changes to actuarial assumptions used to 
determine pension plan liabilities, or decreases in the interest rates used to discount the pension plans’ liabilities could cause an 
increase in pension plan costs in future years.  Although we have actively sought to control increases in these costs, we can make no 
assurance that we will succeed in limiting future cost increases, and continued upward pressure in these costs could reduce our 
profitability. 

Business disruptions could have a material adverse effect on our operations, damage our reputation and impact client 
relationships.  

Our ability to conduct business may be adversely affected by a disruption in the infrastructure that supports our business.  Such a 
disruption could be caused by a cybersecurity incident (for example, see details regarding a ransomware incident we experienced in 
2020 in the cybersecurity risk factor below), human error, capacity constraints, hardware failure or defect, natural disasters, fire, 
power loss, telecommunication failures, break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, acts of terrorism, political violence and 
unrest in the U.S. or elsewhere around the world, or war.  Our disaster recovery procedures may not be effective and insurance may 
not continue to be available at reasonable prices and may not address all such losses or compensate us for the possible loss of clients 
or increase in claims and lawsuits directed against us.  See our COVID-19 risk factor above. 

For example, our third party claims administration operation is highly dependent on the continued and efficient functioning of RISX-
FACS®, our proprietary risk management information system, to provide clients with insurance claim settlement and administration 
services.  In addition, we are increasing our use of cloud storage and cloud computing application services supported, upgraded and 
maintained by third-party vendors.  A disruption affecting RISX-FACS®, third-party cloud services or any other infrastructure 
supporting our business, including key customer relationship management software, could have a material adverse effect on our 
operations, cause reputational harm and damage our employee and client relationships. 

Climate risks, including the risk of an economic crisis, risks associated with the physical effects of climate change and 
disruptions caused by the transition to a low-carbon economy, could adversely affect our business, results of operations and 
financial condition. 

The U.S. Federal Reserve recently identified climate change as a systemic risk to the economy.  It also reported that a gradual change 
in investor sentiment regarding climate risk introduces the possibility of abrupt tipping points or significant swings in sentiment, 
which could create unpredictable follow-on effects in financial markets.  If this occurred, not only would we be negatively impacted 
by the general economic decline, but a drop in the stock market affecting our stock price could negatively impact our ability to grow 
through mergers and acquisitions financed using our common stock. 

The transition to a low-carbon economy could harm specific industries or sectors such as oil and gas in ways that could impact our 
business.  Our clients in such industries could go out of business or have reduced needs for insurance-related or consulting services, 
which could adversely impact our commission revenues, consulting revenues or revenues from managing third-party insurance claims. 
Negative publicity arising from our clean coal investments or our association with clients in disfavored businesses or industries, or the 
perception that we are not sufficiently focused on climate risks facing Gallagher or on reducing our own carbon emissions, could 
damage our reputation with investors, clients, employees and regulators.  In addition, the transition to a low-carbon economy could 
give rise to the need for innovative insurance and risk management solutions for entirely new industries and companies, as well as 
advice and services to bolster climate resilience for existing companies.  If we fail to innovate in response to these changes, we could 
lose market share to our competitors or new market entrants that do. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We do not assume net underwriting risk, other than with respect to de minimis amounts necessary to provide minimum or regulatory 
capital, and thus do not experience direct material financial implications related to extreme weather events.  In addition, we are a 
professional services firm with people as our most important asset and limited physical operations.  However, if underwriting 
enterprises fail or withdraw from offering certain lines of coverage because of large payouts related to climate change, overall risk-
taking capital capacity could be negatively affected, which could reduce our ability to place certain lines of coverage and, as a result, 
reduce our revenues and profitability.  

See our risk factors further below related to our investments in IRC Section 45 clean coal operations for information regarding the 
potential risk of liability for environmental damage, which could be exacerbated by a heightened focus on climate change. 

Regulatory, Legal and Accounting Risks 

Improper disclosure of confidential, personal or proprietary information and cybersecurity attacks could result in regulatory 
scrutiny, legal liability or reputational harm, and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and reputation.  

We maintain confidential, personal and proprietary information relating to our company, our employees and our clients.  This 
information includes personally identifiable information, protected health information, financial information and intellectual property.  

We rely on information technology and third party vendors to support our business activities, including our secure processing of 
confidential, sensitive, proprietary and other types of information.  Cybersecurity or data breaches of certain of the systems on which 
we rely have occurred, although to date we have not been materially impacted by any such breach.  In the future, breaches of any such 
third-party system may result from circumvention of security systems, denial-of-service attacks or other cyber-attacks, hacking, 
“phishing” attacks, computer viruses, ransomware, malware, employee or insider error, malfeasance, social engineering, physical 
breaches or other actions.   

We have from time to time experienced cybersecurity incidents, such as computer viruses or unauthorized parties gaining access to 
our information technology systems, and privacy incidents, such as loss or inadvertent transmission of data, which to date have not 
had a material impact on our business.  See “Update on Ransomware Incident” elsewhere in this report for information regarding an 
incident that occurred in 2020. 

Additionally, we are an acquisitive organization and the process of integrating the information systems of the businesses we acquire is 
complex and exposes us to additional risk as we might not adequately identify weaknesses in the targets’ information systems or 
information handling, privacy and security policies and protocols, which could expose us to unexpected liabilities or make our own 
systems and data more vulnerable to attack.   

In the future, any material cybersecurity or data incidents, or media reports of the same, even if untrue, could cause us to experience 
reputational harm, loss of clients and revenue, loss of proprietary data, regulatory actions and scrutiny, sanctions or other statutory 
penalties, litigation, liability for failure to safeguard clients’ information or financial losses.  Such incidents could result in 
confidential, personal or proprietary information being lost or stolen, used to perpetuate fraud, maliciously made public, 
surreptitiously modified, or rendered inaccessible for a period of time.  As we experienced in connection with the 2020 ransomware 
incident referred to above, during a cyber-attack we might have to take our systems offline, which could interfere with services to our 
clients or damage our reputation.  Such losses may not be insured against or not fully covered through insurance we maintain.   

We maintain policies, procedures and technical safeguards designed to protect the security and privacy of confidential, personal and 
proprietary information.  Nonetheless, we cannot eliminate the risk of human error or malfeasance.  It is possible that our security 
controls and employee training may not be effective.   

We have invested and continue to invest in technology security initiatives, policies and resources and employee training.  The cost and 
operational consequences of implementing, maintaining and enhancing further system protections measures could increase 
significantly as cybersecurity threats increase and as technology changes.  As these threats evolve, cybersecurity and data incidents 
will be more difficult to detect, defend against and remediate.  If we are unable to effectively maintain and upgrade our system 
safeguards, including in connection with the integration of acquisitions, we may incur unexpected costs and certain of our systems 
may become more vulnerable to unauthorized access.  

Any of the foregoing may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and reputation. 

With respect to our commercial arrangements with third party vendors, we have processes designed to require third party IT 
outsourcing, offsite storage and other vendors to agree to maintain certain standards with respect to the storage, protection and transfer 
of confidential, personal and proprietary information.  However, we remain at risk of a data breach due to the intentional or 

17 

 
 
unintentional non-compliance by a vendor’s employee or agent, the breakdown of a vendor’s data protection processes, or a cyber 
attack on a vendor’s information systems.  

Changes in data privacy and protection laws and regulations, or any failure to comply with such laws and regulations, could 
adversely affect our business and financial results. 

We are subject to a variety of continuously evolving and developing laws and regulations globally regarding privacy, data protection, 
and data security, including those related to the collection, storage, handling, use, disclosure, transfer, and security of personal data.  
These laws apply to transfers of information among our affiliates, as well as to transactions we enter into with third party vendors.  
Significant uncertainty exists as privacy and data protection laws may be interpreted and applied differently from country to country, 
which may create inconsistent or conflicting requirements.  Some of these laws provide rights to individuals to access, correct, and 
delete their personal information and to obtain copies at the expense of the business entities that process their data.  Some of these 
laws carry heavy penalties for violations, e.g., fines of up to 4% of worldwide revenue under the European Union General Data 
Protection Regulation (GDPR) and to $7,500 per intentional violation under the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).  In the 
U.S., there is pending federal legislation and several states have proposed their own comprehensive data privacy bills similar to the 
GDPR and CCPA.   

In addition, in the U.S., legislators are continuing to enact comprehensive cybersecurity laws.  For example, we are subject to the New 
York State Department of Financial Services Cybersecurity Regulation for Financial Services Companies and CCPA.  India and other 
countries where we have operations outside the U.S. have also proposed sweeping new data protection laws, in some cases including 
data localization laws that may require that personal data stay within their borders.  

Complying with enhanced obligations imposed by various new and emerging laws is resulting in significant costs of developing, 
implementing or securing our servers and is requiring us to allocate more resources to new privacy compliance processes and to 
improved technologies, adding to our IT and compliance costs.  In addition, enforcement actions and investigations by regulatory 
authorities related to data security incidents and privacy violations continue to increase.  The enactment of more restrictive laws, rules, 
regulations, or future enforcement actions or investigations could impact us through increased costs or restrictions on our business, 
and noncompliance could result in regulatory penalties and significant legal liability.   

We are subject to regulation worldwide.  If we fail to comply with regulatory requirements or if regulations change in a way 
that adversely affects our operations, we may not be able to conduct our business, or we may be less profitable. 

Many of our activities throughout the world are subject to regulatory supervision and regulations promulgated by bodies such as the 
SEC, the DOJ, the IRS, the Office of Foreign Assets Control and the Federal Trade Commission in the U.S., the Financial Conduct 
Authority in the U.K., the Australian Securities and Investments Commission in Australia and insurance regulators in nearly every 
jurisdiction in which we operate.  Our retirement-related consulting and investment services are subject to pension law and financial 
regulation in many countries.  Our activities are also subject to a variety of other laws, rules and regulations addressing licensing, data 
privacy, wage-and-hour standards, employment and labor relations, anti-competition, anti-corruption, currency, reserves and the 
amount of local investment with respect to our operations in certain countries.  This regulatory supervision could reduce our 
profitability or growth by increasing the costs of compliance, restricting the products or services we sell, the markets we enter, the 
methods by which we sell our products and services, or the prices we can charge for our services and the form of compensation we 
can accept from our clients, underwriting enterprises and third parties.  As our operations grow around the world, it is increasingly 
difficult to monitor and enforce regulatory compliance across the organization.  A compliance failure by even one of our smallest 
branches could lead to litigation and/or disciplinary actions that may include compensating clients for loss, the imposition of penalties, 
and/or the loss of our authorization to operate.  In all such cases, we would also likely incur significant internal investigation costs and 
legal fees. 

The global nature of our operations increases the complexity and cost of compliance with laws and regulations, including increased 
staffing needs, the development of new policies, procedures and internal controls and providing training to employees in multiple 
locations, adding to our cost of doing business.  Many of these laws and regulations may have differing or conflicting legal standards 
across jurisdictions, increasing further the complexity and cost of compliance.  In emerging markets and other jurisdictions with less 
developed legal systems, local laws and regulations may not be established with sufficiently clear and reliable guidance to provide us 
with adequate assurance that we are aware of all necessary licenses to operate our business, that we are operating our business in a 
compliant manner, or that our rights are otherwise protected.  In addition, major political and legal developments in jurisdictions in 
which we do business may lead to new regulatory costs and challenges.  For example, China recently adopted a “blocking” statute 
similar to that of the EU prohibiting compliance with certain U.S. laws.  While we do not have operations in China, rising global 
tensions and protectionism may lead other countries where we do have operations to adopt similar measures, which could make it 
more difficult and costly for us to expand our operations globally.  See also “The exit of the U.K. from the European Union (Brexit) 
could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition” above. 

18 

 
Changes in legislation or regulations and actions by regulators, including changes in administration and enforcement policies, or the 
failure of state and local governments to follow through on agreed-upon state and local tax credits or other tax related incentives, 
could adversely affect our results of operations or require operational changes that could result in lost revenues or higher costs or 
hinder our ability to operate our business.   

For example, the method by which insurance brokers are compensated has received substantial scrutiny in the past because of the 
potential for conflicts of interest.  The potential for conflicts of interest arises when a broker is compensated by two parties in 
connection with the same or similar transactions.  The vast majority of the compensation we receive for our work as insurance brokers 
is in the form of retail commissions and fees.  We receive additional revenue from underwriting enterprises, separate from retail 
commissions and fees, including, among other things, contingent and supplemental revenues and payments for consulting and 
analytics services we provide them.  Future changes in the regulatory environment may impact our ability to collect these amounts.  
Adverse regulatory, legal or other developments regarding these revenues could have a material adverse effect on our business, results 
of operations or financial condition, expose us to negative publicity and reputational damage and harm our relationships with clients, 
underwriting enterprises or other business partners. 

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted tax legislation commonly referred to as the TCJA, which significantly revised the U.S. tax 
code by, among other things, lowering the corporate income tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0%; limiting the deductibility of interest 
expense; implementing a territorial tax system and imposing a repatriation tax on deemed repatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries.  
In light of the results of the recent U.S. presidential and congressional elections, the U.S. may pass legislation reversing part or all of 
the TCJA and corresponding regulations, and our tax rate could increase.  

We could be adversely affected by violations or alleged violations of laws that impose requirements for the conduct of our 
overseas operations, including the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act or other anti-corruption laws, sanctioned parties restrictions, 
and FATCA. 

In countries outside the U.S., a risk exists that our employees, third party partners or agents could engage in business practices 
prohibited by applicable laws and regulations, such as the FCPA and the U.K. Bribery Act.  Such anti-corruption laws generally 
prohibit companies from making improper payments to foreign officials and require companies to keep accurate books and records 
and maintain appropriate internal controls.  We operate in some parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption.  In 
such parts of the world, in certain circumstances, local customs and practice might not be consistent with the requirements of anti-
corruption laws.  In addition, in recent years, two of the five publicly traded insurance brokerage firms were investigated in the U.S. 
and the U.K. for improper payments to foreign officials.  These firms undertook internal investigations and paid significant 
settlements.   

Our policies mandate strict compliance with such laws and we devote substantial resources to programs to ensure compliance, 
including investigating business practices and taking steps to address the risk that our employees, third party partners or agents will 
engage in business practices that are prohibited by our policies and/or such laws and regulations.  We use third party partners and 
agents in certain jurisdictions where it is common industry practice to do so.  Violations by us or a third party acting on our behalf 
could result in significant internal investigation costs and legal fees, civil and criminal penalties, including prohibitions on the conduct 
of our business, and reputational harm.  Although we have not been materially impacted by any such violations, within the past year, 
we investigated certain business practices that violated our policies and terminated those found to be involved. 

We may also be subject to legal liability and reputational damage if we violate trade sanctions laws of the U.S., the EU and other 
jurisdictions in which we operate.  In addition, FATCA requires certain of our subsidiaries, affiliates and other entities to obtain valid 
FATCA documentation from payees prior to remitting certain payments to such payees and our failure to do so properly could result 
in penalties.   

We are subject to a number of contingencies and legal proceedings which, if determined unfavorably to us, would adversely 
affect our financial results.  

We are or have been subject to numerous claims, tax assessments, lawsuits and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of 
business.  Such claims, lawsuits and other proceedings include claims for damages based on allegations that our employees or sub-
agents improperly failed to procure coverage, (including with respect to business interruption or other potential coverage for 
COVID-19 losses), report claims on behalf of clients, provide underwriting enterprises with complete and accurate information 
relating to the risks being insured, or provide clients with appropriate consulting, advisory, pension and claims handling services.  
There is the risk that our employees or sub-agents may fail to appropriately apply funds that we hold for our clients on a fiduciary 
basis.  Certain of our benefits and retirement consultants provide investment advice or decision-making services to clients.  If these 
clients experience investment losses, our reputation could be damaged and our financial results could be negatively affected as a result 
of claims asserted against us and lost business.  Where appropriate, we have established provisions against these matters that we 

19 

 
 
believe are adequate in light of current information and legal advice, and we adjust such provisions from time to time based on current 
material developments.  The damages claimed in such matters are or may be substantial, including, in many instances, claims for 
punitive, treble or other extraordinary damages.  It is possible that, if the outcomes of these contingencies and legal proceedings were 
not favorable to us, it could materially adversely affect our future financial results.  In addition, our results of operations, financial 
condition or liquidity may be adversely affected if, in the future, our insurance coverage proves to be inadequate or unavailable or we 
experience an increase in liabilities for which we self-insure.  We have purchased errors and omissions insurance and other insurance 
to provide protection against losses that arise in such matters.  Accruals for these items, net of insurance receivables, when applicable, 
have been provided to the extent that losses are deemed probable and are reasonably estimable.  These accruals and receivables are 
adjusted from time to time as current developments warrant. 

As more fully described in Note 17 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements, we are a defendant in various legal actions 
incidental to our business, including but not limited to matters related to employment practices, alleged breaches of non-compete or 
other restrictive covenants, theft of trade secrets, breaches of fiduciary duties, intellectual property infringement and related causes of 
action.  We are also periodically the subject of inquiries and investigations by regulatory and taxing authorities into various matters 
related to our business.  For example, our micro-captive advisory services business has been under investigation by the IRS since 
2013.  In addition, we are defending a lawsuit (along with Chem-Mod LLC and other defendants) asserting infringement of patents 
held by Midwest Energy Emissions Corp. and MES Inc.  We cannot reasonably predict the outcomes of these or other matters that we 
may become involved with in the future.  An adverse outcome in connection with one or more of these matters could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition in any given quarterly or annual period, or on an ongoing 
basis.  In addition, regardless of any eventual monetary costs, any such matter could expose us to negative publicity, reputational 
damage, harm to our client or employee relationships, or diversion of personnel and management resources, which could adversely 
affect our ability to recruit quality brokers and other significant employees to our business, and otherwise adversely affect our results 
of operations.   

Changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions could negatively affect our financial position and operating results.  

We prepare our financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (which we refer to as GAAP).  
These accounting principles require us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and 
the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our consolidated financial statements.  We are also required to make 
certain judgments and estimates that affect the disclosed and recorded amounts of revenues and expenses related to revenue 
recognition and deferred costs - see Note 4 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements.  We periodically evaluate our estimates and 
assumptions, including those relating to the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, investments (including our IRC 
Section 45 investments), income taxes, revenue recognition, deferred costs, stock-based compensation, claims handling obligations, 
retirement plans, litigation and contingencies.  We base our estimates on historical experience and various assumptions that we believe 
to be reasonable based on specific circumstances.  Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information 
becomes known, which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed in our consolidated financial statements.  Further, as 
additional guidance relating to the TCJA is released or if the current U.S. president’s administration takes action to reverse portions of 
the TCJA, our estimates related to the TCJA may change.  Additionally, changes in accounting standards (such as the changed lease 
standards - see Note 2 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements) could increase costs to the organization and could have an 
adverse impact on our future financial position and results of operations.   

Risks Relating to our Investments, Debt and Common Stock 

Our clean energy investments are subject to various risks and uncertainties.  

Our ability to generate returns, claim tax deductions and avoid write-offs in connection with our IRC Section 45 and IRC Section 29 
investments is subject to various risks and uncertainties including those set forth below.  Our IRC Section 45 investments’ ability to 
generate additional tax credits is scheduled to end in December 2021. 

 

Environmental, political and regulatory concerns.  Environmental concerns about greenhouse gases, toxic wastewater 
discharges and coal combustion waste have led to public pressure to reduce or regulations that discourage the burning of 
coal, even refined coal treated by technologies such as The Chem-Mod™ Solution.  In recent years there has been some 
negative publicity around our IRC Section 45 investments and clean coal generally, and certain members of Congress 
have raised questions about the methodologies clean coal refiners use to validate emission reductions under IRC 
Section 45.  Negative publicity of this kind could exacerbate the risk referred to above or call into question the validity of 
existing tax credits.  Additionally, several states have enacted mandates that electric power generating companies 
purchase a minimum amount of power from renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric, solar, nuclear and 
geothermal.  If utilities burned less coal as a result of any such regulation, including state or federal laws that otherwise 
limit coal-fired generation, our ability to generate additional tax credits would be reduced. 

20 

 
  Market demand for coal.  When the price of natural gas and/or oil declines relative to that of coal, some utilities may 

choose to burn natural gas or oil instead of coal.  Market demand for coal may also decline as a result of an increase in the 
use of power from renewable sources, trade protection measures, an economic slowdown (including the current economic 
slowdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic) or mild weather and a corresponding decline in the use of electricity.  If 
utilities burn less coal or eliminate coal in the production of electricity, our ability to generate additional tax credits would 
be reduced. 

 

 

 

Intellectual property and litigation risks.  There is a risk that foreign laws will not protect the intellectual property 
associated with The Chem-Mod™ Solution to the same extent as U.S. laws, leaving us vulnerable to companies outside 
the U.S. who may attempt to copy such intellectual property.  In addition, other companies may make claims of 
intellectual property infringement with respect to The Chem-Mod™ Solution.  Such intellectual property claims, with or 
without merit, could require that Chem-Mod (or us and our investment and operational partners) obtain a license to use the 
intellectual property, which might not be obtainable on favorable terms, if at all.  On July 17, 2019, Midwest Energy 
Emissions Corp. and MES Inc. (together, Midwest Energy) filed a patent infringement lawsuit in the United States 
District Court for the District of Delaware against us, Chem-Mod LLC and numerous other related and unrelated parties 
(some of whom are seeking indemnification from Chem-Mod LLC).  The complaint alleges that the named defendants 
infringe patents held exclusively by Midwest Energy and seeks unspecified damages and injunctive relief.  We dispute the 
allegations contained in the complaint and intend to defend this matter vigorously.  Litigation is inherently uncertain and, 
accordingly it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of these matters.  While we believe the probability of a 
material loss is remote, if plaintiffs prevail on the infringement suit, or defendants cannot obtain necessary licenses on 
reasonable terms, that may limit the use of The Chem-Mod™ Solution by certain licensees. 

IRS audits.  Several of the refined coal partnerships in which we are an investor are under audit by the IRS.  One of these 
partnerships received a notice from the IRS disallowing our co-investors from claiming tax credits.  The partnership 
defended its position in tax court and prevailed in August 2019.  The IRS is appealing this ruling.  Litigation is inherently 
uncertain and accordingly it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of this proceeding or other IRS audits, 
and their potential impact on us. 

Operational risks.  Chem-Mod’s multi-pollutant reduction technologies (The Chem-ModTM Solution) require chemicals 
that may not be readily available in the marketplace at reasonable costs.  Utilities that use the technologies could be idled 
for various reasons, including operational or environmental problems at the plants or in the boilers, disruptions in the 
supply or transportation of coal, revocation of their Chem-Mod technologies environmental permits, labor strikes, force 
majeure events such as hurricanes, or terrorist attacks, any of which could halt or impede the operations.  Long-term 
operations using Chem-Mod’s multi-pollutant reduction technologies could also lead to unforeseen technical or other 
problems not evident in the short- or medium-term.  A serious injury or death of a worker connected with the production 
of refined coal using Chem-Mod’s technologies could expose the operations to material liabilities, jeopardizing our 
investment, and could lead to reputational harm.  We could also be exposed to risk due to our lack of control over the 
operations if future developments, for example a regulatory change affecting public and private companies differently, 
causes our interests and those of our co-investors to diverge.  Finally, our vendors responsible for operation and 
management could fail to run the operations in compliance with IRC Section 45.  If any of these developments occur, our 
investment returns may be negatively impacted. 

 

Incompatible coal.  If utilities purchase coal of a quality or type incompatible with their boilers and operations, treating 
such coal through a commercial refined coal plant could magnify the negative impacts of burning such coal.  As a result, 
refined coal plants at such utilities may be removed from production until all the incompatible coal has been burned, 
which could reduce their ability to generate tax credits. 

We began generating tax credits under IRC Section 45 in 2009.  As of December 31, 2020, we had generated a total of 
$1,512.7 million in IRC Section 45 tax credits, of which approximately $534.9 million have been used to offset U.S. federal tax 
liabilities and $977.8 million remain unused and available to offset future U.S. federal tax liabilities.  Our ability to use tax credits 
under IRC Section 45 depends upon the operations in which we have invested satisfying certain ongoing conditions set forth in IRC 
Section 45.  These include, among others, the “placed-in-service” condition and requirements relating to qualified emissions 
reductions, coal sales to unrelated parties and at least one of the operations’ owners qualifying as a “producer” of refined coal.  While 
we have received some degree of confirmation from the IRS relating to our ability to claim these tax credits, the IRS could ultimately 
determine that the operations have not satisfied, or have not continued to satisfy, the conditions set forth in IRC Section 45.  Similarly, 
the law permitting us to claim IRC Section 29 tax credits (related to our prior synthetic coal operations) expired on December 31, 
2007.  At December 31, 2020, we had exposure with respect to $108.0 million of previously earned tax credits under IRC Section 29.  
We believe our claim for IRC Section 29 tax credits in 2007 and prior years was in accordance with IRC Section 29 and four private 
letter rulings previously obtained by IRC Section 29-related limited liability companies in which we had an interest.  We understand 

21 

 
 
these private letter rulings were consistent with those issued to other taxpayers and we have received no indication from the IRS that it 
will seek to revoke or modify them.  In addition, the IRS audited certain of the IRC Section 29 facilities without requiring any 
changes. 

While none of our prior IRC Section 29 operations are currently under audit, several of the IRC Section 45 operations in which we are 
invested are under audit by the IRS.  See “IRS Audits” above.  The IRS could place the remaining IRC Section 45 operations and any 
of the prior IRC Section 29 operations under audit.  An adverse outcome with respect to our ability to claim tax credits under any such 
audit would likely cause a material loss or cause us to be subject to liability under indemnification obligations related to prior sales of 
partnership interests in IRC Section 29 tax credits. 

The IRC Section 45 operations in which we have invested and the by-products from such operations may result in 
environmental and product liability claims and environmental compliance costs.  

The construction and operation of the IRC Section 45 operations are subject to federal, state and local laws, regulations and potential 
liabilities arising under or relating to the protection or preservation of the environment, natural resources and human health and safety.  
Such laws and regulations generally require the operations and/or the utilities at which the operations are located to obtain and comply 
with various environmental registrations, licenses, permits, inspections and other approvals.  There are costs associated with ensuring 
compliance with all applicable laws and regulations, and failure to fully comply with all applicable laws and regulations could lead to 
the imposition of penalties or other liability.  Failure of The Chem-Mod™ Solution utilized at coal-fired generation facilities, for 
example, could result in violations of air emissions permits, which could lead to the imposition of penalties or other liability.  
Additionally, some environmental laws, without regard to fault or the legality of a party’s conduct, impose liability on certain entities 
that are considered to have contributed to, or are otherwise responsible for, the release or threatened release of hazardous substances 
into the environment.  One party may, under certain circumstances, be required to bear more than its share or the entire share of 
investigation and cleanup costs at a site if payments or participation cannot be obtained from other responsible parties.  By using The 
Chem-Mod™ Solution at locations owned and operated by others, we and our partners may be exposed to the risk of being held liable 
for environmental damage from releases of hazardous substances we may have had little, if any, involvement in creating.  Such risk 
remains even after production ceases at an operation to the extent the environmental damage can be traced to the types of chemicals or 
compounds used or operations conducted in connection with The Chem-Mod™ Solution.  Increasing attention to global climate 
change has resulted in an increased possibility of regulatory attention and private litigation.  For example, claims have been made 
against certain energy companies alleging that greenhouse gas emissions constitute a public nuisance.  In addition to the possibility of 
our being named in such actions, we and our partners could face the risk of environmental and product liability claims related to 
concrete incorporating fly ash produced using The Chem-Mod™ Solution.  No assurances can be given that contractual arrangements 
and precautions taken to ensure assumption of these risks by facility owners or operators, or other end users, will result in that facility 
owner or operator, or other end user, accepting full responsibility for any environmental or product liability claim.  Nor can we or our 
partners be certain that facility owners or operators, or other end users, will fully comply with all applicable laws and regulations, and 
this could result in environmental or product liability claims.  It is also not uncommon for private claims by third parties alleging 
contamination to also include claims for personal injury, property damage, nuisance, diminution of property value, or similar claims.  
Furthermore, many environmental, health and safety laws authorize citizen suits, permitting third parties to make claims for violations 
of laws or permits.  Our insurance may not cover all environmental risk and costs or may not provide sufficient coverage in the event 
of an environmental or product liability claim, and defense of such claims can be costly, even when such defense prevails.  If 
significant uninsured losses arise from environmental or product liability claims, or if the costs of environmental compliance increase 
for any reason, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. 

We have debt outstanding that could adversely affect our financial flexibility and subjects us to restrictions and limitations 
that could significantly impact our ability to operate our business.  

As of December 31, 2020, we had total consolidated debt outstanding of approximately $4.5 billion.  The level of debt outstanding 
each period could adversely affect our financial flexibility.  We also bear risk at the time our debt matures.  Our ability to make 
interest and principal payments, to refinance our debt obligations and to fund our acquisition program and planned capital 
expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash from operations.  This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, 
financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control, such as an environment of rising interest 
rates.  A small portion of our private placement debt consists of floating rate notes and interest payments under our senior revolving 
credit facility are based on a floating rate (in both cases currently based on LIBOR, which is expected to transition at the end of 2021 
to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate), which exposes us to the risk of a changing or unknown rate environment.  Our indebtedness 
will also reduce the ability to use that cash for other purposes, including working capital, dividends to stockholders, acquisitions, 
capital expenditures, share repurchases, and general corporate purposes.  If we cannot service our indebtedness, we may have to take 
actions such as selling assets, issuing additional equity or reducing or delaying capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions, and 
investments, any of which could impede the implementation of our business strategy or prevent us from entering into transactions that 

22 

 
would otherwise benefit our business.  Additionally, we may not be able to effect such actions, if necessary, or refinance any of our 
indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. 

The agreements governing our debt contain covenants that, among other things, restrict our ability to dispose of assets, incur 
additional debt, engage in certain asset sales, mergers, acquisitions or similar transactions, create liens on assets, engage in certain 
transactions with affiliates, change our business or make investments, and require us to comply with certain financial and legal 
covenants.  The restrictions in the agreements governing our debt may prevent us from taking actions that we believe would be in the 
best interest of our business and our stockholders and may make it difficult for us to execute our business strategy successfully or 
effectively compete with companies that are not similarly restricted.  We may also incur future debt obligations that might subject us 
to additional or more restrictive covenants that could affect our financial and operational flexibility, including our ability to pay 
dividends.  We cannot make any assurances that we will be able to refinance our debt or obtain additional financing on terms 
acceptable to us, or at all.  A failure to comply with the restrictions under the agreements governing our debt could result in a default 
under the financing obligations or could require us to obtain waivers from our lenders for failure to comply with these restrictions.  
The occurrence of a default that remains uncured or the inability to secure a necessary consent or waiver could cause our obligations 
with respect to our debt to be accelerated and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.  

We are a holding company and, therefore, may not be able to receive dividends or other distributions in needed amounts from 
our subsidiaries.  

We are organized as a holding company, a legal entity separate and distinct from our operating subsidiaries.  As a holding company 
without significant operations of our own, we are dependent upon dividends and other payments from our operating subsidiaries to 
meet our obligations for paying principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, for paying dividends to stockholders, 
repurchasing our common stock and for corporate expenses.  In the event our operating subsidiaries are unable to pay sufficient 
dividends and other payments to us, we may not be able to service our debt, pay our obligations, pay dividends on or repurchase our 
common stock. 

Further, we derive a meaningful portion of our revenue and operating profit from operating subsidiaries located outside the U.S.  Since 
the majority of financing obligations as well as dividends to stockholders are paid from the U.S., it is important to be able to access the 
cash generated by our operating subsidiaries located outside the U.S. in the event we are unable to meet these U.S. based cash 
requirements.  

Funds from our operating subsidiaries outside the U.S. may be repatriated to the U.S. via stockholder distributions and intercompany 
financings, where necessary.  A number of factors may arise that could limit our ability to repatriate funds or make repatriation cost 
prohibitive, including, but not limited to the imposition of currency controls and other government restrictions on repatriation in the 
jurisdictions in which our subsidiaries operate, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, the imposition of withholding and other taxes on 
such payments and our ability to repatriate earnings in a tax-efficient manner. 

In the event we are unable to generate or repatriate cash from our operating subsidiaries for any of the reasons discussed above, our 
overall liquidity could deteriorate and our ability to finance our obligations, including to pay dividends on or repurchase our common 
stock, could be adversely affected. 

Future sales or other dilution of our equity could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.  

An important way we grow our business is through acquisitions.  One method of acquiring companies or otherwise funding our 
corporate activities is through the issuance of additional equity securities.  The issuance of any additional shares of common or of 
preferred stock or convertible securities could be substantially dilutive to holders of our common stock.  Moreover, to the extent that 
we issue restricted stock units, performance stock units, options or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock in the future and 
those options or warrants are exercised or as the restricted stock units or performance stock units vest, our stockholders may 
experience further dilution.  Holders of our common stock have no preemptive rights that entitle holders to purchase their pro rata 
share of any offering of shares of any class or series and, therefore, such sales or offerings could result in increased dilution to our 
stockholders.  The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of shares of our common stock or the 
perception that such sales could occur.  

23 

 
 
 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. 

Not applicable. 

Item 2. Properties. 

The executive offices of our corporate segment and certain subsidiary and branch facilities of our brokerage and risk management 
segments are located at 2850 Golf Road, Rolling Meadows, Illinois, where we own approximately 360,000 square feet of space, and 
can accommodate 2,000 employees at peak capacity.   

Elsewhere, we generally operate in leased premises related to the facilities of our brokerage and risk management operations.  We 
prefer to lease office space rather than own real estate related to the branch facilities of our brokerage and risk management segments.  
Certain of our office space leases have options permitting renewals for additional periods.  In addition to minimum fixed rentals, a 
number of our leases contain annual escalation clauses generally related to increases in an inflation index.  See Notes 15 and 17 to our 
2020 consolidated financial statements for information with respect to our lease commitments as of December 31, 2020. 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.  

Please see the information set forth in Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements, included herein, under “Litigation, Regulatory 
and Taxation Matters.”  

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.  

Not applicable.  

Information About Our Executive Officers  

Set forth below are the names, ages, positions and business backgrounds of our executive officers as of the date hereof: 

Name 

J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 
Walter D. Bay 
Richard C. Cary 
Joel D. Cavaness 
Thomas J. Gallagher 

Douglas K. Howell 
Scott R. Hudson 
Vishal Jain 
Christopher E. Mead 

  Age 
  68 
  58 
  58 
  59 
  62 

  59 
  59 
59 
  53 

Position and Year First Elected 

  Chairman since 2006, President since 1990, Chief Executive Officer since 1995 
  Corporate Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary since 2007 
  Controller since 1997, Chief Accounting Officer since 2001 
  Corporate Vice President since 2000, President of our Wholesale Brokerage Operation since 1997 
  Corporate Vice President since 2001, Chairman of our International Brokerage Operation 2010 - 

2016, President of our Global Property/Casualty Brokerage Operation beginning in 2017 

  Corporate Vice President, Chief Financial Officer since 2003 
  Corporate Vice President and President of our Risk Management Operation since 2010 

Corporate Vice President since 2016, Chief Service Officer since 2014 

  Corporate Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer since 2017; Managing Director - Marketing 

Division, CME Group, 2005 - 2017 

Susan E. Pietrucha 
William F. Ziebell 

  54 
  58 

  Corporate Vice President, Chief Human Resource Officer since 2007 
  Corporate Vice President since 2011, regional leader in our Employee Benefit and Consulting 

Brokerage Operations 2004 - 2016, President beginning in 2017 

With the exception of Mr. Mead, we have employed each such person principally in management capacities for more than the past 
five years.  All executive officers are appointed annually and serve at the pleasure of our board of directors.  

24 

 
 
 
 
Part II 

Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.  

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, trading under the symbol “AJG.”   

As of January 31, 2021, there were approximately 1,000 holders of record of our common stock. 

(c) 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

The following table shows the purchases of our common stock made by or on behalf of us or any “affiliated purchaser” (as such term 
is defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of us for each fiscal month in the three-month 
period ended December 31, 2020: 

Period 
October 1 through October 31, 2020 
November 1 through November 30, 2020 
December 1 through December 31, 2020 
Total 

Total Number 
of Shares 

Purchased (1)       

Average 
Price Paid 
per Share (2)       

1,811      $ 
2,583        
13,742        
18,136      $ 

106.28        
111.80        
125.73        
121.80        

Total Number of 
Shares Purchased 
as Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs (3) 

Maximum Number 
of Shares that May 
Yet be Purchased 
Under the Plans 
or Programs (3) 

—        
—        
—        
—        

7,287,019   
7,287,019   
7,287,019   

(1)  Amounts in this column include shares of our common stock purchased by the trustees of trusts established under our Deferred 
Equity Participation Plan (which we refer to as the DEPP), our Deferred Cash Participation Plan (which we refer to as the 
DCPP) and our Supplemental Savings and Thrift Plan (which we refer to as the Supplemental Plan), respectively.  These plans 
are considered to be unfunded for purposes of federal tax law since the assets of these trusts are available to our creditors in the 
event of our financial insolvency.  The DEPP is an unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan that generally provides 
for distributions to certain of our key executives when they reach age 62 or upon or after their actual retirement.  Under sub-
plans of the DEPP for certain production staff, the plan generally provides for vesting and/or distributions no sooner than five 
years from the date of awards, although certain awards vest and/or distribute after the earlier of fifteen years or the participant 
reaching age 65.  See Note 11 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements in this report for more information regarding the 
DEPP.  The DCPP is an unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan for certain key employees, other than executive 
officers, that generally provides for vesting and/or distributions no sooner than five years from the date of awards.  Under the 
terms of the DEPP and the DCPP, we may contribute cash to the trust and instruct the trustee to acquire a specified number of 
shares of our common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.  In the fourth quarter of 2020, we 
instructed the trustee for the DEPP and the DCPP to reinvest dividends on shares of our common stock held by these trusts and 
to purchase our common stock using cash that we contributed to the DCPP related to 2020 awards under the DCPP.  The 
Supplemental Plan is an unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan that allows certain highly compensated employees 
to defer compensation, including company match amounts, on a before-tax basis or after-tax basis.  Under the terms of the 
Supplemental Plan, all amounts credited to an employee’s account may be deemed invested, at the employee’s election, in a 
number of investment options that include various mutual funds, an annuity product and a fund representing our common stock.  
When an employee elects to have some or all of the amounts credited to the employee’s account under the Supplemental Plan 
deemed to be invested in the fund representing our common stock, the trustee of the trust for the Supplemental Plan purchases 
shares of our common stock in a number sufficient to ensure that the trust holds a number of shares of our common stock with a 
value equal to all equivalent to the amounts deemed invested in the fund representing our common stock.  We want to ensure 
that at the time when an employee becomes entitled to a distribution under the terms of the Supplemental Plan, any amounts 
deemed to be invested in the fund representing our common stock are distributed in the form of shares of our common stock 
held by the trust.  We established the trusts for the DEPP, the DCPP and the Supplemental Plan to assist us in discharging our 
deferred compensation obligations under these plans.  All assets of these trusts, including any shares of our common stock 
purchased by the trustees, remain, at all times, assets of the Company, subject to the claims of our creditors in the event of our 
financial insolvency.  The terms of the DEPP, the DCPP and the Supplemental Plan do not provide for a specified limit on the 
number of shares of common stock that may be purchased by the respective trustees of the trusts.  

(2)  The average price paid per share is calculated on a settlement basis and does not include commissions. 

25 

 
 
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
   
 
 
 
 
(3)  We have a common stock repurchase plan that the board of directors adopted on May 10, 1988 and has periodically amended 

since that date to authorize additional shares for repurchase (the last amendment was on January 24, 2008 and approved the 
repurchase of 10,000,000 shares).  The repurchase plan has no expiration date and we are under no commitment or obligation to 
repurchase any particular amount of our common stock under the plan.  At our discretion, we may suspend the repurchase plan 
at any time. 

Item 6. Selected Financial Data.  

The following selected consolidated financial data for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2020 have been derived 
from our consolidated financial statements.  Such data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and 
notes thereto in Item 8 of this annual report.  

Consolidated Statement of Earnings Data: 
Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income and other 

Revenue before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 
Total revenues 
Total expenses 
Earnings before income taxes 
Benefit (provision) for income taxes 
Net earnings 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Per Share Data: 
Diluted net earnings per share (1) 
Dividends declared per common share (2) 
Share Data: 
Shares outstanding at year end 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
Weighted average number of common and common 
   equivalent shares outstanding 
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: 
Total assets 
Long-term debt less current portion 
Total stockholders' equity 
Return on beginning stockholders' equity (3) 
Employee Data: 
Number of employees - at year end 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 
(In millions, except per share and employee data) 

2019 

2017 

2016 

  $  3,591.9      $  3,320.6      $  2,920.7      $  2,641.0      $  2,409.9   
1,491.7   
139.9   
97.9   
1,409.0   
5,548.4   
132.1   
5,680.5   
5,346.9   
333.6   
(96.7 ) 
430.3   
33.5   
396.8   

1,911.1        
210.5        
135.6        
1,478.6        
7,056.4        
138.6        
7,195.0        
6,568.9        
626.1        
(89.7 )      
715.8        
47.0        
668.8      $ 

1,957.9        
221.9        
147.0        
933.2        
6,851.9        
151.7        
7,003.6        
6,132.7        
870.9        
12.8        
858.1        
39.3        
818.8      $ 

1,756.3        
189.9        
98.0        
1,827.5        
6,792.4        
141.6        
6,934.0        
6,454.6        
479.4        
(196.5 )      
675.9        
42.4        
633.5      $ 

1,591.9        
158.0        
99.5        
1,622.6        
6,113.0        
136.0        
6,249.0        
5,889.2        
359.8        
(157.1 )      
516.9        
35.6        
481.3      $ 

  $ 

4.20        
1.80        

3.52        
1.72        

3.40        
1.64        

2.64        
1.56        

2.22   
1.52   

193.7        
191.0        

188.1        
186.0        

184.0        
182.7        

181.0        
180.1        

178.3   
177.6   

195.0        

190.1        

186.2        

182.1        

178.4   

  $  22,331.4      $  19,634.8      $  16,334.0      $  14,909.7      $  13,528.2   
2,150.0   
3,775.5   

4,273.0        
6,232.7        
16 %     

3,823.0        
5,215.5        
15 %     

3,098.0        
4,569.7        
15 %     

2,698.0        
4,299.7        
13 %     

11 % 

32,401        

33,247        

30,362        

26,783        

24,790   

(1)  Based on the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the year. 
(2)  Based on the total dividends declared on a share of common stock outstanding during the entire year. 
(3)  Represents net earnings divided by total stockholders' equity, as of the beginning of the year. 

26 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
    
    
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
 
 
 
 
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.  

Introduction 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes 
included in Item 8 of this annual report.  In addition, please see “Information Regarding Non-GAAP Measures and Other” beginning 
on page 34 for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures for adjusted total revenues, organic commission, fee and supplemental 
revenues and adjusted EBITDAC to the comparable GAAP measures, as well as other important information regarding these 
measures. 

We are engaged in providing insurance brokerage and consulting services, and third-party property/casualty claims settlement and 
administration services to entities in the U.S. and abroad.  We believe that one of our major strengths is our ability to deliver 
comprehensively structured insurance and risk management services to our clients.  Our brokers, agents and administrators act as 
intermediaries between underwriting enterprises and our clients and we do not assume net underwriting risks.  We are headquartered 
in Rolling Meadows, Illinois, have operations in 49 countries and offer client-service capabilities in more than 150 countries globally 
through a network of correspondent brokers and consultants.  In 2020, we expanded, and expect to continue to expand, our 
international operations through both acquisitions and organic growth.  We generate approximately 68% of our revenues for the 
combined brokerage and risk management segments domestically, with the remaining 32% generated internationally, primarily in the 
U.K., Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Bermuda (based on 2020 revenues).  We expect that our international revenue as a 
percentage of our total revenues in 2021 will be comparable to 2020.  We have three reportable segments:  brokerage, risk 
management and corporate, which contributed approximately 74%, 14% and 12%, respectively, to 2020 revenues.  Our major sources 
of operating revenues are commissions, fees and supplemental and contingent revenues from brokerage operations and fees from risk 
management operations.  Investment income is generated from invested cash and fiduciary funds, clean energy investments, and 
interest income from premium financing.   

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains certain statements relating to 
future results which are forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  
Please see “Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this annual report, for certain cautionary 
information regarding forward-looking statements and a list of factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from 
those predicted in the forward-looking statements. 

Prior Year Discussion of Results and Comparisons 

For information on fiscal 2018 results and similar comparisons, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations" of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019. 

27 

 
 
 
 
Summary of Financial Results - Year Ended December 31,  

See the reconciliations of non-GAAP measures on page 30. 

Year 2020 

Year 2019 

Change 

Reported 
GAAP 

Adjusted 
Non-GAAP    

Reported 
GAAP 

Adjusted 
Non-GAAP    
(In millions, except per share data) 

Reported 
GAAP 

Adjusted 
Non-GAAP    

Brokerage Segment 

Revenues 
Organic revenues 
Net earnings 
Net earnings margin 
Adjusted EBITDAC 
Adjusted EBITDAC margin 
Diluted net earnings per share 

Risk Management Segment 

Revenues before reimbursements 
Organic revenues 
Net earnings 
Net earnings margin 
   (before reimbursements) 
Adjusted EBITDAC 
Adjusted EBITDAC margin 
   (before reimbursements) 
Diluted net earnings per share 

Corporate Segment 

Diluted net loss per share 

Total Company 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

5,167.1      $ 
      $ 
866.0        
16.8 %     
      $ 

4.42      $ 

821.7      $ 
      $ 
66.9        

8.1 %     
      $ 

0.34      $ 

5,172.9      $ 
4,854.4        
      $ 

1,691.4        
32.7 %     
4.91      $ 

821.7      $ 
813.6        
      $ 

149.5        

18.2 %     
0.38      $ 

4,901.5      $ 
      $ 
717.3        
14.6 %     
      $ 

3.68      $ 

838.5      $ 
      $ 
66.2        

7.9 %     
      $ 

0.35      $ 

7 % 
3.2 % 

23 % 

4,820.7        
4,706.1        

5 %      

21 %      

       +213 bpts   

1,375.1        
28.5 %     
3.72        

838.0        
836.3        

146.0        

17.4 %     
0.37        

   +418 bpts   

20 %      

32 % 

(2 %)     

1 %      

+24 bpts   

(2 %) 
(2.7 %) 

2 % 

+77 bpts   

(3 %)     

3 % 

(0.56 )    $ 

(0.57 )    $ 

(0.51 )    $ 

(0.45 )      

Diluted net earnings per share 

4.20      $ 

4.72      $ 

3.52      $ 

3.64        

19 %      

30 % 

Total Brokerage and Risk 
   Management Segment 

Diluted net earnings per share 

  $ 

4.76      $ 

5.29      $ 

4.03      $ 

4.09        

18 %      

29 % 

In our corporate segment, net after tax earnings from our clean energy investments was $69.8 million and $88.5 million in 2020 and 
2019, respectively.  Our current estimate of the 2021 annual net after tax earnings, including IRC Section 45 tax credits, which will be 
produced from all of our clean energy investments in 2021, is $60.0 million to $75.0 million.  We expect to use the additional cash 
flow generated by these earnings to continue our mergers and acquisition strategy in our core brokerage and risk management 
operations.  

28 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
   
    
   
    
        
   
    
        
    
   
    
   
    
    
        
        
   
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
   
    
   
    
        
   
    
        
      
    
   
    
   
    
    
        
        
   
  
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
   
    
    
        
        
        
        
   
    
   
 
The following provides information that management believes is helpful when comparing revenues before reimbursements, net 
earnings, EBITDAC and diluted net earnings per share for 2020 and 2019.  In addition, these tables provide reconciliations to the most 
comparable GAAP measures for adjusted revenues, adjusted EBITDAC and adjusted diluted net earnings per share.  Reconciliations 
of EBITDAC for the brokerage and risk management segments are provided on pages 37 and 42 of this filing. 

Year Ended December 31 Reported GAAP to 
Adjusted Non-GAAP Reconciliation: 

Segment 

Brokerage, as reported 

Net loss (gains) on divestitures 
Acquisition integration 
Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Levelized foreign currency translation      

Brokerage, as adjusted  * 
Risk Management, as reported 

Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Levelized foreign currency translation      

Risk Management, as adjusted  * 
Corporate, as reported 

Clean energy related adjustments 
Income tax related and workforce 

Corporate, as adjusted  * 
Total Company, as reported 
Total Company, as adjusted  * 
Total Brokerage and Risk 

Management, as reported 

Total Brokerage and Risk 

Revenues Before 
Reimbursements 
2019 
2020 

Net Earnings 
(Loss) 

EBITDAC 

2020 

     2019 

2019 
(In millions, except per share data) 

2020 

Diluted Net Earnings (Loss) 
Per Share 
     2019 

     Chg 

     2020 

5.8       
—       
—       
—       
—       

5.8       
25.1       
43.9       
19.2       
—       

(75.3 )     
—       
—       
—       
(5.5 )     

4.7        (47.5 )     
19.3        16.1       
34.0        35.1       
5.8       
39.7       
(2.6 )     
—       

  $ 5,167.1     $ 4,901.5     $  866.0     $ 717.3     $ 1,597.4     $ 1,359.1    $  4.42     $  3.68       
(62.3 )     0.02        (0.25 )     
20.4       0.10        0.08       
44.8       0.17        0.19       
16.8       0.20        0.03       
(3.7 )     —        (0.01 )     
    5,172.9       4,820.7        963.7        724.2       1,691.4       1,375.1       4.91        3.72       
66.9        66.2        141.6        137.9    $  0.34     $  0.35       
     821.7        838.5       
7.9       0.04        0.03       
—       
—       —        (0.01 )     
—       
0.2       —        —       
(0.5 )     
73.3        70.3        149.5        146.0       0.38        0.37       
     821.7        838.0       
(74.8 )      (67.7 )      (142.2 )      (201.4 )  $ (0.56 )   $ (0.51 )     
     863.1       1,316.4       
14.9       —        0.05       
3.0       
(1.1 )     
3.0       (0.01 )      0.01       
—       
     863.1       1,319.4      
(75.9 )     (53.7 )     (142.2 )     (183.5 )     (0.57 )     (0.45 )     
  $ 6,851.9     $ 7,056.4     $  858.1     $ 715.8     $ 1,596.8     $ 1,295.6    $  4.20     $  3.52       
  $ 6,857.7     $ 6,978.1     $  961.1     $ 740.8     $ 1,698.7     $ 1,337.6    $  4.72     $  3.64       

—        11.7       
2.3       

5.2       
(1.0 )     
(0.1 )     

7.9       
—       
—       

6.0       
0.4       
—       

—       
—       
—       

—       
—       

—       
—       

20 % 

32 % 
(3 %) 

3 % 

19 % 
30 % 

  $ 5,988.8     $ 5,740.0     $  932.9     $ 783.5     $ 1,739.0     $ 1,497.0    $  4.76     $  4.03       

18 % 

Management, as adjusted  * 

  $ 5,994.6     $ 5,658.7     $ 1,037.0     $ 794.5     $ 1,840.9     $ 1,521.1    $  5.29     $  4.09       

29 % 

* 

For 2020, the pretax impact of the brokerage segment adjustments totals $125.8 million, with a corresponding adjustment to the 
provision for income taxes of $28.1 million relating to these items.  The pretax impact of the risk management segment 
adjustments totals $8.5 million, with a corresponding adjustment to the provision for income taxes of $2.1 million relating to 
these items.  There is no pretax impact of the corporate segment adjustments, but there is an adjustment to the provision for 
income taxes of $1.1 million.  For the corporate segment, the clean energy related adjustments are described on page 47. 

For 2019, the pretax impact of the brokerage segment adjustments totals $6.9 million, with no corresponding adjustment to the 
provision for income taxes relating to these items.  The pretax impact of the risk management segment adjustments totals 
$5.6 million, with a corresponding adjustment to the provision for income taxes of $1.5 million relating to these items.  The 
pretax impact of the corporate segment adjustments totals $17.9 million, with an adjustment to the benefit for income taxes of 
$3.9 million.  For the corporate segment, the clean energy related adjustments are described on page 47.   

29 

 
 
      
         
         
         
      
  
      
  
      
  
      
  
      
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
  
  
    
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
       
       
       
       
       
      
       
       
   
    
       
       
       
       
       
      
       
       
   
 
 
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures - Pre-tax Earnings and Diluted Net Earnings per Share 

 (In millions except share and per share data)      

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

Year Ended Dec 31, 2020 
Brokerage, as reported 
Net losses on divestitures 
Acquisition integration 
Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Brokerage, as adjusted 
Risk Management, as reported 
Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Risk Management, as adjusted 
Corporate, as reported 
Income tax related impact 
Corporate, as adjusted 
Year Ended Dec 31, 2019 
Brokerage, as reported 
Net gains on divestitures 
Acquisition integration 
Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Levelized foreign currency translation      
  $ 
Brokerage, as adjusted 
Risk Management, as reported 
  $ 
Workforce and lease termination 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Levelized foreign currency translation      
  $ 
Risk Management, as adjusted 
  $ 
Corporate, as reported 
Clean energy related adjustments 
Workforce 
Corporate, as adjusted 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Earnings 
(Loss) 
Before 
Income 
Taxes 

Provision 
(Benefit) 
for 
Income 
Taxes 

Net Earnings 
(Loss) 
Attributable to 
Noncontrolling 
Interests 

Net Earnings 
(Loss) 
Attributable to 
Controlling 
Interests 

Diluted Net 
Earnings 
(Loss) per 
Share 

Net 
Earnings 
(Loss) 

1,142.3     $ 
5.8       
25.1       
43.9       
51.0       
1,268.1     $ 
89.4     $ 
7.9       
0.6       
97.9     $ 
(360.8 )   $ 
—       
(360.8 )   $ 

946.5     $ 
(62.3 )     
20.4       
44.8       
7.5       
(3.5 )     
953.4     $ 
88.4     $ 
7.9       
(2.4 )     
0.1       
94.0     $ 
(408.8 )   $ 
14.9       
3.0       
(390.9 )   $ 

276.3     $ 
1.1       
5.8       
9.9       
11.3       
304.4     $ 
22.5     $ 
1.9       
0.2       
24.6     $ 
(286.0 )   $ 
1.1       
(284.9 )   $ 

229.2     $ 
(14.8 )     
4.3       
9.7       
1.7       
(0.9 )     
229.2     $ 
22.2     $ 
2.7       
(1.4 )     
0.2       
23.7     $ 
(341.1 )   $ 
3.2       
0.7       
(337.2 )   $ 

866.0     $ 
4.7       
19.3       
34.0       
39.7       
963.7     $ 
66.9     $ 
6.0       
0.4       
73.3     $ 
(74.8 )   $ 
(1.1 )     
(75.9 )   $ 

717.3     $ 
(47.5 )     
16.1       
35.1       
5.8       
(2.6 )     
724.2     $ 
66.2     $ 
5.2       
(1.0 )     
(0.1 )     
70.3     $ 
(67.7 )   $ 
11.7       
2.3       
(53.7 )   $ 

4.9     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
4.9     $ 
—     $ 
—       
—       
-     $ 
34.4     $ 
—       
34.4     $ 

17.2     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
17.2     $ 
—     $ 
—       
—       
—       
-     $ 
29.8     $ 
2.5       
—       
32.3     $ 

861.1     $ 
4.7       
19.3       
34.0       
39.7       
958.8     $ 
66.9     $ 
6.0       
0.4       
73.3     $ 
(109.2 )   $ 
(1.1 )     
(110.3 )   $ 

700.1     $ 
(47.5 )     
16.1       
35.1       
5.8       
(2.6 )     
707.0     $ 
66.2     $ 
5.2       
(1.0 )     
(0.1 )     
70.3     $ 
(97.5 )   $ 
9.2       
2.3       
(86.0 )   $ 

4.42   
0.02   
0.10   
0.17   
0.20   
4.91   
0.34   
0.04   
—   
0.38   
(0.56 ) 
(0.01 ) 
(0.57 ) 

3.68   
(0.25 ) 
0.08   
0.19   
0.03   
(0.01 ) 
3.72   
0.35   
0.03   
(0.01 ) 
—   
0.37   
(0.51 ) 
0.05   
0.01   
(0.45 ) 

COVID-19 Impact  

In our property/casualty brokerage operations, during fourth quarter 2020, (a) our customer retention remained at pre-pandemic levels, 
(b) new business generation was above pre-pandemic levels, offset somewhat by non-recurring business that was below pre-pandemic 
levels, (c) renewal exposure units (i.e., insured values, payrolls, employees, miles driven, etc.) declined; however, premium rates 
across most geographies and lines of coverage have continued to increase, effectively mitigating exposure unit declines, and (d) net 
positive mid-term policy modifications were slightly higher than fourth quarter 2019.  

Thus far in the first quarter of 2021, property/casualty customer exposure unit renewals showed improvement compared to lows seen 
in April and May 2020, as our customers’ businesses continue to recover and economic activity increases.  Full policy cancellations 
have remained similar to pre-pandemic levels, and we continue to see property/casualty premium rates move higher overall which 
may partially, or fully, offset future declines in exposure units, if any. 

30 

 
 
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
  
    
       
       
       
       
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
       
        
        
        
        
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
In our employee benefits brokerage operations, during the fourth quarter of 2020 we saw a decrease in new consulting and special 
project work, while covered lives on renewal business were similar to the third quarter of 2020.  Our January 1, 2021 health and 
welfare renewals have shown covered lives being consistent with levels seen in the fourth quarter of 2020, although still not at pre-
pandemic levels.  Consulting engagements and special project work improved slightly from fourth quarter levels, but are still below 
pre-pandemic levels.  We believe revenue softness related to reduced covered lives and lower frequency of special project work could 
persist over the next few quarters, and even deteriorate further, if the economy is slow to recover.   

In our risk management operations, we began seeing a meaningful decline in new claims arising during the last two weeks of March 
2020, which persisted into April.  From May to December 2020, we saw an improving trend in new claims arising and higher 
COVID-related workers compensation claims; yet the current level of weekly new claims so far in 2021 is still below pre-pandemic 
levels.  A slower recovery or reversal in the number of workers employed could cause fewer claims to arise in future quarters. 

Throughout 2020 and in the fourth quarter of 2020, our clean energy investments experienced the impact of lower electricity 
consumption in the U.S., when compared to the same periods in 2019, due to reduced economic activity (as well as, unrelated to 
COVID-19, milder temperatures, other than some brief periods of unusually warm weather, falling natural gas prices, and increased 
use of renewable energy sources).  We expect reduced U.S. electricity consumption could persist at least through the first half of 2021, 
and could even continue throughout all of 2021.   

Of our nearly 1,000 office locations, nearly 400 are open, but most at reduced capacity.  Accordingly the vast majority of our 
employees continue to work remotely for some or all of their work week.  We believe our service levels are unchanged from pre-
pandemic levels.  We have not had any office-wide outbreaks of COVID-19, and fewer than 300 confirmed cases among our 32,401 
employees - all of which we believe contracted the virus outside of our office locations.   

Given the deterioration in economic conditions, since the first quarter of 2020, we are actively managing costs by limiting 
discretionary spending such as travel, entertainment and advertising expenses, adjusting our real estate footprint, reducing capital 
expenditures, limiting use of outside labor and consultants, increasing utilization of our centers of excellence, and we have adjusted 
portions of our workforce where volumes have declined significantly and normal attrition was not sufficient.  

The cost saving impact of these actions in the second, third and fourth quarters of 2020 was substantial; with estimated quarterly 
savings of approximately $65 million to $70 million pretax compared to the same quarters in 2019, as adjusted for pro forma 
full-quarter costs related to acquisitions.  Offsetting these savings were severance and lease termination costs related to these actions.  
We believe savings in the first quarter of 2021 compared to the first quarter of 2020 could again total approximately $60 million to 
$65 million pretax after adjusting for pro forma costs related to acquisitions.  Offsetting possible future savings would be additional 
implementation and execution costs, which we estimate could total approximately $12 million to $15 million pretax.  Future net 
savings may be lower if the economy recovers faster than we are forecasting or our costs to implement changes exceed our estimates. 

We have not seen any meaningful decline in cash receipts from our clients to date and we have more than $1.6 billion of available 
liquidity.  A prolonged period of economic weakness may cause future cash collections to deteriorate, but we believe our cost savings, 
reduced non-client facing capital expenditures and working capital improvements could mitigate a potential decline in our cash flows 
over the near-term. 

For a discussion of risk and uncertainties relating to COVID-19 for our business, results of operations and financial condition, see 
Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Form 10-K page 9. 

Update on Ransomware Incident 

As previously disclosed, on September 26, 2020, we detected a ransomware incident impacting our internal systems.  We 
implemented our incident response plan, took our global systems offline, isolated impacted systems, retained cyber security counsel 
and forensic experts and reported the event to the FBI.  The incident has been contained, and all critical systems are back in service.   

While we remain unaware of any actual or attempted misuse of information, our investigation into the incident remains ongoing.  We 
are working to conclude our forensic investigation and determine the nature and extent of unauthorized access to information on our 
systems.  We intend to comply with all applicable laws and regulations.  Based on the results of the forensic investigation to date, we 
do not believe this incident will have a material adverse effect on our business, operations or financial condition.    

We maintain cyber liability insurance coverage, but disputes over the extent of insurance coverage for claims are not uncommon. 
Furthermore, while we have not been the subject of any legal proceedings involving this incident, it is possible we could be the subject 
of claims from persons alleging they suffered damages from the incident, or actions by governmental authorities. 

31 

 
 
 
Insurance Market Overview 

Fluctuations in premiums charged by property/casualty underwriting enterprises have a direct and potentially material impact on the 
insurance brokerage industry.  Commission revenues are generally based on a percentage of the premiums paid by insureds and 
normally follow premium levels.  Insurance premiums are cyclical in nature and may vary widely based on market conditions.  
Various factors, including competition for market share among underwriting enterprises, increased underwriting capacity and 
improved economies of scale following consolidations, can result in flat or reduced property/casualty premium rates (a “soft” market).  
A soft market tends to put downward pressure on commission revenues.  Various countervailing factors, such as greater than 
anticipated loss experience, unexpected loss exposure and capital shortages, can result in increasing property/casualty premium rates 
(a “hard” market).  A hard market tends to favorably impact commission revenues.  Hard and soft markets may be broad-based or 
more narrowly focused across individual product lines or geographic areas.  As markets harden, buyers of insurance (such as our 
brokerage clients), have historically tried to mitigate premium increases and the higher commissions these premiums generate, 
including by raising their deductibles and/or reducing the overall amount of insurance coverage they purchase.  As the market softens, 
or costs decrease, these trends have historically reversed.  During a hard market, buyers may switch to negotiated fee in lieu of 
commission arrangements to compensate us for placing their risks, or may consider the alternative insurance market, which includes 
self-insurance, captives, rent-a-captives, risk retention groups and capital market solutions to transfer risk.  Our brokerage units are 
very active in these markets as well.  While increased use by insureds of these alternative markets historically has reduced commission 
revenue to us, such trends generally have been accompanied by new sales and renewal increases in the areas of risk management, 
claims management, captive insurance and self-insurance services and related growth in fee revenue.  Inflation tends to increase the 
levels of insured values and risk exposures, resulting in higher overall premiums and higher commissions.  However, the impact of 
hard and soft market fluctuations has historically had a greater impact on changes in premium rates, and therefore on our revenues, 
than inflationary pressures. 

We typically cite the Council of Insurance Agents & Brokers (which we refer to as the CIAB) insurance pricing quarterly survey at 
this time as an indicator of the current insurance rate environment.  The fourth quarter 2020 survey had not been published as of the 
filing date of this report.  The first three 2020 quarterly surveys indicated that U.S. commercial property/casualty rates increased by 
9.3%, 10.8%, and 11.7% on average, for the first, second and third quarters of 2020, respectively.  We expect a similar trend to be 
noted when the CIAB fourth quarter 2020 survey report is issued, which would signal overall continued price firming and hardening 
in some items.  The CIAB represents the leading domestic and international insurance brokers, who write approximately 85% of the 
commercial property/casualty premiums in the U.S.   

We believe the increases in property/casualty rates experienced in 2020, will continue in 2021; however, loss trends could deteriorate, 
leading to a more difficult environment and, in certain lines and geographies, a hard market.  The economies of the U.S. and other 
countries around the world contracted during 2020 as a result of COVID-19 and have yet to rebound to pre-pandemic levels.  Weaker 
economic activity is leading to, and is likely to continue to lead to, reduced exposure units and elevated unemployment.  We expect 
that our history of strong new business generation, solid retentions and enhanced value-added services for our carrier partners should 
help offset, to a degree, softer global economic conditions.  Overall, we believe that in a positive rate environment with reduced 
exposure units, our professionals can demonstrate their expertise and high-quality, value-added capabilities by strengthening our 
clients’ insurance portfolios and delivering insurance and risk management solutions within our clients’ budget.  Based on our 
experience, there is adequate capacity in the insurance market for most lines of coverage, terms and conditions are tightening, most 
insurance carriers appear to be making rational pricing decisions and clients can broadly still obtain coverage.  

Clean energy investments - We have investments in limited liability companies that own 29 clean coal production plants developed 
by us and six clean coal production plants we purchased from a third party.  All 35 plants produce refined coal using propriety 
technologies owned by Chem-Mod.  We believe that the production and sale of refined coal at these plants are qualified to receive 
refined coal tax credits under IRC Section 45.  The plants which were placed in service prior to December 31, 2009 (which we refer to 
as the 2009 Era Plants) received tax credits through 2019 and the 21 plants which were placed in service prior to December 31, 2011 
(which we refer to as the 2011 Era Plants) can receive tax credits through 2021.  All twenty-one of the 2011 Era Plants are under 
long-term production contracts with several utilities.     

We also own a 46.5% controlling interest in Chem-Mod, which has been marketing The Chem-Mod™ Solution proprietary 
technologies principally to refined fuel plants that sell refined fuel to coal-fired power plants owned by utility companies, including 
those plants in which we hold interests.  Based on current production estimates provided by licensees, Chem-Mod could generate for 
us approximately $5.0 million to $6.0 million of net after tax earnings per quarter for the first three quarters of 2021. 

Our current estimate of the 2021 annual net after tax earnings, including IRC Section 45 tax credits, which will be produced from all 
of our clean energy investments in 2020, is $60.0 million to $75.0 million.   

32 

 
All estimates set forth above regarding the future results of our clean energy investments are subject to significant risks, including 
those set forth in the risk factors regarding our IRC Section 45 investments under Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” 

Critical Accounting Policies  

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which require management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.  We believe the 
following significant accounting policies may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity.  See Note 1 to our 2020 
consolidated financial statements for other significant accounting policies. 

Revenue Recognition - See Revenue Recognition in Notes 1 and 4 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements. 

Income Taxes - See Income Taxes in Notes 1 and 19 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements.  

Uncertain tax positions are measured based upon the facts and circumstances that exist at each reporting period and involve significant 
management judgment.  Subsequent changes in judgment based upon new information may lead to changes in recognition, 
derecognition and measurement.  Adjustments may result, for example, upon resolution of an issue with the taxing authorities, or 
expiration of a statute of limitations barring an assessment for an issue.  We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to 
unrecognized tax benefits in our provision for income taxes.  See Note 19 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a 
discussion regarding the possibility that our gross unrecognized tax benefits balance may change within the next twelve months. 

Tax law requires certain items to be included in our tax returns at different times than such items are reflected in the financial 
statements.  As a result, the annual tax expense reflected in our consolidated statements of earnings is different than that reported in 
our tax returns.  Some of these differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax returns, and some 
differences are temporary and reverse over time, such as depreciation expense and amortization expense deductible for income tax 
purposes.  Temporary differences create deferred tax assets and liabilities.  Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense 
recognized in the financial statements for which a tax payment has been deferred, or expense which has been deducted in the tax 
return but has not yet been recognized in the financial statements.  Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a 
tax deduction or credit in tax returns in future years for which a benefit has already been recorded in the financial statements.  On 
July 22, 2020, the U.K. enacted the Finance Act and Stamp Duty Land Tax which maintained the U.K. corporate tax rate at 19% from 
April 1, 2020 (previously planned to be reduced to 17% on that date).  Accordingly, we adjusted our deferred tax asset and liability 
balances in third quarter 2020 to reflect this rate change. 

We establish or adjust valuation allowances for deferred tax assets when we estimate that it is more likely than not that future taxable 
income will be insufficient to fully use a deduction or credit in a specific jurisdiction.  In assessing the need for the recognition of a 
valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax 
assets will not be realized and adjust the valuation allowance accordingly.  We evaluate all significant available positive and negative 
evidence as part of our analysis.  Negative evidence includes the existence of losses in recent years.  Positive evidence includes the 
forecast of future taxable income by jurisdiction, tax-planning strategies that would result in the realization of deferred tax assets and 
the presence of taxable income in prior carryback years.  The underlying assumptions we use in forecasting future taxable income 
require significant judgment and take into account our recent performance.  Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future 
as more information becomes known which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.  The ultimate realization of 
deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences are 
deductible or creditable.  See Note 19 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements related to changes in our valuation allowances. 

Intangible Assets/Earnout Obligations - See Intangible Assets in Note 1 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements. 

Current accounting guidance related to business combinations requires us to estimate and recognize the fair value of liabilities related 
to potential earnout obligations as of the acquisition dates for all of our acquisitions subject to earnout provisions.  The maximum 
potential earnout payables disclosed in the notes to our consolidated financial statements represent the maximum amount of additional 
consideration that could be paid pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement for the applicable acquisition.  The amounts recorded 
as earnout payables, which are primarily based upon the estimated future operating results of the acquired entities over a two- to three-
year period subsequent to the acquisition date, are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date and are included on that basis in the 
recorded purchase price consideration.  We will record subsequent changes in these estimated earnout obligations, including the 
accretion of discount, in our consolidated statement of earnings when incurred. 

The fair value of these earnout obligations is based on the present value of the expected future payments to be made to the sellers of 
the acquired entities in accordance with the provisions outlined in the respective purchase agreements, which is a Level 3 fair value 

33 

 
measurement.  In determining fair value, we estimate the acquired entity’s future performance using financial projections developed 
by management for the acquired entity and market participant assumptions that were derived for revenue growth and/or profitability.  
We estimate future payments using the earnout formula and performance targets specified in each purchase agreement and these 
financial projections.  We then discount these payments to present value using a risk-adjusted rate that takes into consideration 
market-based rates of return that reflect the ability of the acquired entity to achieve the targets.  Changes in financial projections, 
market participant assumptions for revenue growth and/or profitability, or the risk-adjusted discount rate, would result in a change in 
the fair value of recorded earnout obligations.  See Note 3 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for additional discussion on 
our 2020 business combinations. 

Business Combinations and Dispositions 

See Note 3 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our 2020 business combinations.  We did not have any 
material dispositions in 2018.   

On January 8, 2019, we sold a travel insurance brokerage operation that was initially purchased in 2014.  In first quarter 2019, we 
recognized a one-time, net gain of $0.17 of diluted net earnings per share as a result of the sale. 

Results of Operations 

Information Regarding Non-GAAP Measures and Other 

In the discussion and analysis of our results of operations that follows, in addition to reporting financial results in accordance with 
GAAP, we provide information regarding EBITDAC, EBITDAC margin, adjusted EBITDAC, adjusted EBITDAC margin, diluted net 
earnings per share, as adjusted (adjusted EPS), adjusted revenues, adjusted compensation and operating expenses, adjusted 
compensation expense ratio, adjusted operating expense ratio and organic revenue.  These measures are not in accordance with, or an 
alternative to, the GAAP information provided in this report.  We believe that these presentations provide useful information to 
management, analysts and investors regarding financial and business trends relating to our results of operations and financial condition 
because they provide investors with measures that our chief operating decision maker uses when reviewing the company’s 
performance, and for the other reasons described below.  Our industry peers may provide similar supplemental non-GAAP 
information with respect to one or more of these measures, although they may not use the same or comparable terminology and may 
not make identical adjustments.  The non-GAAP information we provide should be used in addition to, but not as a substitute for, the 
GAAP information provided.  We make determinations regarding certain elements of executive officer incentive compensation, 
performance share awards and annual cash incentive awards, partly on the basis of measures related to adjusted EBITDAC.   

Adjusted Non-GAAP presentation - We believe that the adjusted non-GAAP presentation of our 2020 and 2019 information, 
presented on the following pages, provides stockholders and other interested persons with useful information regarding certain 
financial metrics that may assist such persons in analyzing our operating results as they develop a future earnings outlook for us.  The 
after-tax amounts related to the adjustments were computed using the normalized effective tax rate for each respective period. 

 

Adjusted measures - We define these measures as revenues (for the brokerage segment), revenues before 
reimbursements (for the risk management segment), net earnings, compensation expense and operating expense, 
respectively, each adjusted to exclude the following, as applicable: 

o 

o 

o 

Net losses or gains on divestitures, which are primarily net losses or proceeds received related to sales of books of 
business and other divestiture transactions, such as the disposal of a business through sale or closure. 

Costs related to divestitures, which include legal and other costs related to certain operations that are being exited 
by us. 

Acquisition integration costs, which include costs related to certain large acquisitions, outside the scope of our usual 
tuck-in strategy, not expected to occur on an ongoing basis in the future once we fully assimilate the applicable 
acquisition.  These costs are typically associated with redundant workforce, extra lease space, duplicate services and 
external costs incurred to assimilate the acquisition with our IT related systems. 

o  Workforce related charges, which primarily include severance costs (either accrued or paid) related to employee 

terminations and other costs associated with redundant workforce. 

o 

Lease termination related charges, which primarily include costs related to terminations of real estate leases and 
abandonment of leased space. 

34 

 
o 

o 

o 

Acquisition related adjustments, which include change in estimated acquisition earnout payables adjustments, 
impairment charges and acquisition related compensation charges.  Prior to first quarter 2019, this adjustment also 
reflected impacts of acquisition valuation true-ups. 

The impact of foreign currency translation, as applicable.  The amounts excluded with respect to foreign currency 
translation are calculated by applying current year foreign exchange rates to the same period in the prior year. 

Effective income tax rate impact, which represents the impact in third quarter 2020 of one-time taxes associated 
with the realignment of our operations to continue to conduct certain business in the EU after Brexit and the change 
in the U.K. effective income tax rate from 17.5% to 19%.  In addition, it also includes the impact in third quarter 
2019 related to prior quarters in 2019 for the decrease in the U.S. effective income tax rate used to compute the 
provision for income taxes in fourth quarter 2019. 

 

Adjusted ratios - Adjusted compensation expense and adjusted operating expense, respectively, each divided by adjusted 
revenues. 

Non-GAAP Earnings Measures 

We believe that the presentation of EBITDAC, EBITDAC margin, adjusted EBITDAC, adjusted EBITDAC margin and adjusted EPS 
for the brokerage and risk management segment, each as defined below, provides a meaningful representation of our operating 
performance.  Adjusted EPS is a performance measure and should not be used as a measure of our liquidity.  We also consider 
EBITDAC and EBITDAC margin as ways to measure financial performance on an ongoing basis.  In addition, adjusted EBITDAC, 
adjusted EBITDAC margin and adjusted EPS for the brokerage and risk management segments are presented to improve the 
comparability of our results between periods by eliminating the impact of the items that have a high degree of variability. 

 

 

 

EBITDAC and EBITDAC Margin - EBITDAC is net earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation, amortization 
and the change in estimated acquisition earnout payables and EBITDAC margin is EBITDAC divided by total revenues 
(for the brokerage segment) and revenues before reimbursements (for the risk management segment).  These measures for 
the brokerage and risk management segments provide a meaningful representation of our operating performance for the 
overall business and provide a meaningful way to measure its financial performance on an ongoing basis. 

Adjusted EBITDAC and Adjusted EBITDAC Margin - Adjusted EBITDAC is EBITDAC adjusted to exclude net 
losses or gains on divestitures, acquisition integration costs, workforce related charges, lease termination related charges, 
acquisition related adjustments, and the period-over-period impact of foreign currency translation, as applicable and 
Adjusted EBITDAC margin is Adjusted EBITDAC divided by total adjusted revenues (defined above).  These measures 
for the brokerage and risk management segments provide a meaningful representation of our operating performance, and 
are also presented to improve the comparability of our results between periods by eliminating the impact of the items that 
have a high degree of variability.   

Adjusted EPS and Adjusted Net Earnings - Adjusted net earnings have been adjusted to exclude the after-tax impact of 
net losses or gains on divestitures, acquisition integration costs, workforce related charges, lease termination related 
charges, acquisition related adjustments, the impact of foreign currency translation and effective income tax rate impact, 
as applicable.  Adjusted EPS is Adjusted Net Earnings divided by diluted weighted average shares outstanding.  This 
measure provides a meaningful representation of our operating performance (and as such should not be used as a measure 
of our liquidity), and for the overall business is also presented to improve the comparability of our results between periods 
by eliminating the impact of the items that have a high degree of variability. 

Organic Revenues (a non-GAAP measure) - For the brokerage segment, organic change in base commission and fee revenues, 
supplemental revenues and contingent revenues excludes the first twelve months of such revenues generated from acquisitions and 
such revenues related to divested operations in each year presented.  These revenues are excluded from organic revenues in order to 
help interested persons analyze the revenue growth associated with the operations that were a part of our business in both the current 
and prior year.  In addition, organic change in base commission and fee revenues, supplemental revenues and contingent revenues 
exclude the period-over-period impact of foreign currency translation.  For the risk management segment, organic change in fee 
revenues excludes the first twelve months of fee revenues generated from acquisitions and the fee revenues related to operations 
disposed of in each year presented.  In addition, change in organic growth excludes the period-over-period impact of foreign currency 
translation to improve the comparability of our results between periods by eliminating the impact of the items that have a high degree 
of variability, or are due to the limited-time nature of these revenue sources.  

These revenue items are excluded from organic revenues in order to determine a comparable, but non-GAAP, measurement of revenue 
growth that is associated with the revenue sources that are expected to continue in 2021 and beyond.  We have historically viewed 
organic revenue growth as an important indicator when assessing and evaluating the performance of our brokerage and risk 

35 

 
management segments.  We also believe that using this non-GAAP measure allows readers of our financial statements to measure, 
analyze and compare the growth from our brokerage and risk management segments in a meaningful and consistent manner. 

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Information Presented to GAAP Measures - This report includes tabular reconciliations to the most 
comparable GAAP measures for adjusted revenues, adjusted compensation expense and adjusted operating expense, EBITDAC, 
EBITDAC margin, adjusted EBITDAC, adjusted EBITDAC margin, adjusted EBITDAC (before acquisitions), diluted net earnings 
per share (as adjusted) and organic revenue measures. 

Brokerage  

The brokerage segment accounted for 74% of our revenue in 2020.  Our brokerage segment is primarily comprised of retail and 
wholesale brokerage operations.  Our brokerage segment generates revenues by: 

(i) 

Identifying, negotiating and placing all forms of insurance or reinsurance coverage, as well as providing risk-shifting, 
risk-sharing and risk-mitigation consulting services, principally related to property/casualty, life, health, welfare and 
disability insurance.  We also provide these services through, or in conjunction with, other unrelated agents and brokers, 
consultants and management advisors.   

(ii)  Acting as an agent or broker for multiple underwriting enterprises by providing services such as sales, marketing, 

selecting, negotiating, underwriting, servicing and placing insurance coverage on their behalf. 

(iii)  Providing consulting services related to health and welfare benefits, voluntary benefits, executive benefits, compensation, 
retirement planning, institutional investment and fiduciary, actuarial, compliance, private insurance exchange, human 
resource technology, communications and benefits administration. 

(iv)  Providing management and administrative services to captives, pools, risk-retention groups, healthcare exchanges, small 
underwriting enterprises, such as accounting, claims and loss processing assistance, feasibility studies, actuarial studies, 
data analytics and other administrative services.   

The primary source of revenues for our brokerage services is commissions from underwriting enterprises, based on a percentage of 
premiums paid by our clients, or fees received from clients based on an agreed level of service usually in lieu of commissions.  
Commissions are fixed at the contract effective date and generally are based on a percentage of premiums for insurance coverage or 
employee headcount for employer sponsored benefit plans.  Commissions depend upon a large number of factors, including the type 
of risk being placed, the particular underwriting enterprise’s demand, the expected loss experience of the particular risk of coverage, 
and historical benchmarks surrounding the level of effort necessary for us to place and service the insurance contract.  Rather than 
being tied to the amount of premiums, fees are most often based on an expected level of effort to provide our services.  In addition, 
under certain circumstances, both retail brokerage and wholesale brokerage services receive supplemental and contingent revenues.  
Supplemental revenue is revenue paid by an underwriting enterprise that is above the base commission paid, is determined by the 
underwriting enterprise and is established annually in advance of the contractual period based on historical performance criteria.  
Contingent revenue is revenue paid by an underwriting enterprise based on the overall profit and/or volume of the business placed 
with that underwriting enterprise during a particular calendar year and is determined after the contractual period.   

Litigation, Regulatory and Taxation Matters  

IRS and DOJ investigations - As previously disclosed, our IRC 831(b) (or “micro-captive”) advisory services business has been 
under investigation by the IRS since 2013.  Among other matters, the IRS is investigating whether we have been acting as a tax shelter 
promoter in connection with these operations.  Additionally, the IRS has initiated audits for the 2012 tax year, and subsequent tax 
years, of over 100 of the micro-captive underwriting enterprises organized and/or managed by us.  In May 2020, we learned that the 
DOJ is conducting a criminal investigation related to IRC 831(b) micro-captive underwriting enterprises.  We have been advised that 
we are not currently a target of the investigation.  In June 2020, our subsidiary Artex Risk Solutions, Inc. (which we refer to as Artex) 
received a grand jury subpoena requesting documents relating to its micro-captive advisory business.  We have produced documents 
in response to the subpoena.  We are fully cooperating with both the IRS investigation and the DOJ investigation.  We are not able to 
reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss in connection with these investigations. 

Class action lawsuit - On December 7, 2018, a class action lawsuit was filed against us, Artex and other defendants, in the United 
States District Court for the District of Arizona.  The named plaintiffs are micro-captives and their related entities and owners who had 
IRC Section 831(b) tax benefits disallowed by the IRS.  On August 5, 2019, the trial court granted the defendants’ motion to compel 
arbitration and dismissed the class action lawsuit.  Plaintiffs appealed this ruling to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth 
Circuit.  On September 9, 2020, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the ruling of the trial court dismissing the class action lawsuit.  We will 
continue to defend against the lawsuit vigorously.  Litigation is inherently uncertain, however, and it is not possible for us to predict 

36 

 
the ultimate outcome of this matter and the financial impact to us, nor are we able to reasonably estimate the amount of any potential 
loss in connection with this lawsuit. 

Financial information relating to our brokerage segment results for 2020 and 2019 (in millions, except per share, percentages and 
workforce data):  

Statement of Earnings 
Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income 
Net (losses) gains on divestitures 

Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout 
   payables 

Total expenses 

Earnings before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Net earnings 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling 
   interests 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Diluted net earnings per share 
Other Information 
Change in diluted net earnings per share 
Growth in revenues 
Organic change in commissions and fees 
Compensation expense ratio 
Operating expense ratio 
Effective income tax rate 

Workforce at end of period (includes 
   acquisitions) 

Identifiable assets at December 31 

2020 

2019 

Change 

271.3   
62.7   
11.4   
11.4   
(10.1 ) 
(81.1 ) 
265.6   
136.6   
(109.3 ) 
6.9   
82.2   

(46.6 ) 
69.8   
195.8   
47.1   
148.7   

(12.3 ) 
161.0   
0.74   

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

3,591.9       $ 
1,136.9         
221.9         
147.0         
75.2         
(5.8 )       
5,167.1         
2,882.5         
687.2         
73.5         
411.3         

(29.7 )       
4,024.8         
1,142.3         
276.3         
866.0         

4.9         
861.1       $ 
4.42       $ 

20 %      
5 %      
3 %      
56 %      
13 %      
24 %      

3,320.6       $ 
1,074.2         
210.5         
135.6         
85.3         
75.3         
4,901.5         
2,745.9         
796.5         
66.6         
329.1         

16.9         
3,955.0         
946.5         
229.2         
717.3         

17.2         
700.1       $ 
3.68       $ 

22 %      
15 %      
6 %      
56 %      
16 %      
24 %      

   $ 

24,717         
19,185.3       $ 

25,211         
16,741.9         

37 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
         
         
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
   
 
The following provides information that management believes is helpful when comparing EBITDAC and adjusted EBITDAC for 
2020 and 2019 (in millions): 

Net earnings, as reported 
Provision for income taxes 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout 
   payables 
EBITDAC 
Net losses (gains) on divestitures 
Acquisition integration 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Workforce and lease termination related charges 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
EBITDAC, as adjusted 
Net earnings margin, as reported 
EBITDAC margin, as adjusted 
Reported revenues 
Adjusted revenues - see page 29 

2020 

2019 

Change 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

866.0       $ 
276.3         
73.5         
411.3         

(29.7 )       
1,597.4         
5.8         
25.1         
19.2         
43.9         
—         
1,691.4       $ 
16.8 %      
32.7 %      
5,167.1       $ 
5,172.9       $ 

20.7 % 

17.5 % 

23.0 % 

+213 bpts   
+418 bpts   

717.3         
229.2         
66.6         
329.1         

16.9         
1,359.1         
(62.3 )       
20.4         
16.8         
44.8         
(3.7 )       
1,375.1         
14.6 %   
28.5 %   
4,901.5         
4,820.7         

Commissions and fees - The aggregate increase in base commissions and fees for 2020 was due to revenues associated with 
acquisitions that were made during 2020 and 2019 ($234.9 million) and organic revenue growth.  Commission revenues increased 8% 
and fee revenues increased 6% in 2020 compared to 2019, respectively.  The organic change in base commission and fee revenues was 
3% in 2020 and 6% in 2019.   

In our property/casualty brokerage operations, during the three-month period ended December 31, 2020, relative to same period in 
2019, our customer (a) retention and new business generation both remained at pre-pandemic levels, (b) non-recurring business was 
lower than pre-pandemic levels, (c) renewal exposure units (i.e., insured values, payrolls, employees, miles driven, etc.) showed some 
decline; however, premium rates across most geographies and lines of coverage have continued to increase, effectively mitigating 
exposure unit decline, and (d) net positive mid-term policy modifications were also lower.  Thus far in the first quarter of 2021, 
property/casualty renewal customer exposure units and showed improvement compared to lows seen in April and May as our 
customers’ businesses continue to recover.  Full policy cancellations have remained similar to pre-pandemic levels, and we continue to 
see property/casualty premium rates move higher overall which may partially, or fully, offset future declines in exposure units, if 
any.  In our employee benefits brokerage operations, during the three-month period ended December 31, 2020 relative to same period 
in 2019, and thus far in the first quarter of 2021, we saw a decrease in new consulting and frequency of special project work (although 
we did sell a large life insurance pension funding product) and a decrease in covered lives on renewal business, although not to the 
same extent as headline unemployment levels.  We believe the decline in covered lives and lower frequency of special project work 
could persist over the next few quarters, and even deteriorate further, if the economy is slow to recover. 

38 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
     
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Items excluded from organic revenue computations yet impacting revenue comparisons for 2020 and 2019 include the following 
(in millions):  

Base Commissions and Fees 
Commission and fees, as reported 
Less commission and fee revenues from acquisitions 
Less divested operations 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Organic base commission and fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Supplemental revenues, as reported 
Less supplemental revenues from acquisitions 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Organic supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Contingent revenues, as reported 
Less contingent revenues from acquisitions 
Less divested operations 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Organic contingent revenues 
Total reported commissions, fees, supplemental 
   revenues and contingent revenues 
Less commission and fee revenues from acquisitions 
Less divested operations 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Total organic commissions, fees supplemental 
   revenues and contingent revenues 

Acquisition Activity 
Number of acquisitions closed 
Estimated annualized revenues acquired (in millions) 

2020 Organic Revenues 

2020 

2019 

Change 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

4,728.8      $ 
(234.9 )      
—        
—        
4,493.9      $ 

4,394.8        
—        
(29.6 )      
(4.8 )      
4,360.4        

221.9      $ 
(3.5 )      
—        
218.4      $ 

147.0      $ 
(4.9 )      
—        
—        
142.1      $ 

210.5        
—        
(0.2 )      
210.3        

135.6        
—        
—        
(0.2 )      
135.4        

5,097.7      $ 
(243.3 )      
—        
—        

4,740.9        
—        
(29.6 )      
(5.2 )      

7.6 % 

3.1 % 

5.4 % 

3.9 % 

8.4 % 

5.0 % 

7.5 % 

   $ 

4,854.4      $ 

4,706.1        

3.2 % 

2020 

2019 

27        
251.4      $ 

46   
452.3   

   $ 

For 2020 and 2019, we issued 1,857,000 and 1,908,000 shares of our common stock at the request of sellers and/or in connection with 
tax-free exchange acquisitions, respectively.     

Supplemental and contingent revenues - Reported supplemental and contingent revenues recognized in 2020 and 2019 by quarter 
are as follows (in millions): 

2020 
Reported supplemental revenues 
Reported contingent revenues 
Reported supplemental and contingent revenues 
2019 
Reported supplemental revenues 
Reported contingent revenues 
Reported supplemental and contingent revenues 

Q1 

Q2 

Q3 

Q4 

      Full Year 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

59.0     $ 
45.1       
104.1     $ 

56.7     $ 
48.0       
104.7     $ 

50.3     $ 
37.4       
87.7     $ 

46.9     $ 
29.5       
76.4     $ 

54.7     $ 
34.5       
89.2     $ 

49.8     $ 
30.4       
80.2     $ 

57.9     $ 
30.0       
87.9     $ 

57.1     $ 
27.7       
84.8     $ 

221.9   
147.0   
368.9   

210.5   
135.6   
346.1   

39 

 
 
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
        
        
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
        
        
   
     
   
     
   
     
        
        
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
 
  
     
  
     
 
 
  
  
     
     
     
  
    
       
       
       
       
   
    
    
       
       
       
       
   
    
 
 
 
Investment income and net gains on divestitures - This primarily represents (1) interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents 
and restricted funds and interest income from premium financing and (2) net (losses) gains related to divestitures and sales of books of 
business, which were $(5.8) million and $75.3 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively.  On December 16, 2020, we completed the sale 
of a U.K. wealth management business we purchased over four years ago that no longer strategically fit in our benefits operations.  In 
fourth quarter 2020, we recognized a net pretax non-cash loss on the sale of approximately $12.0 million, primarily due to the 
write-off of the remaining net book value of the amortizable intangible assets.  During 2019, we recognized a one-time, net gain of 
$0.17 of diluted net earnings per share related to the divestiture of a travel insurance brokerage and four other smaller brokerage 
operations.   

Investment income in 2020 decreased compared to 2019 primarily due to decreases in interest income from our U.S. operations due to 
decreases in interest rates earned on client held funds.   

Compensation expense - The following provides non-GAAP information that management believes is helpful when comparing 2020 
and 2019 compensation expense (in millions): 

Compensation expense, as reported 
Acquisition integration 
Workforce related charges 
Acquisition related adjustments 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Compensation expense, as adjusted 
Reported compensation expense ratios 
Adjusted compensation expense ratios 
Reported revenues 
Adjusted revenues - see page 29 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

2020 

2019 

2,882.5       $ 
(14.9 )       
(35.7 )       
(19.2 )       
—         
2,812.7       $ 
55.8 %      
54.4 %      
5,167.1       $ 
5,172.9       $ 

2,745.9   
(12.4 ) 
(35.2 ) 
(16.8 ) 
(2.9 ) 
2,678.6   

56.0 % 
55.6 % 

4,901.5   
4,820.7   

The $136.6 million increase in compensation expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily due to compensation associated with 
the acquisitions completed in 2020 - $26.3 million, producer compensation - $69.4 million, and other incentive compensation linked to 
operating results and deferred compensation ($45.8 million in the aggregate), partially offset by decreases in temporary-staffing and 
other related costs - $4.9 million.   

Operating expense - The following provides non-GAAP information that management believes is helpful when comparing 2020 and 
2019 operating expense (in millions): 

Operating expense, as reported 
Acquisition integration 
Workforce and lease termination related charges 
Costs related to divestures 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Operating expense, as adjusted 
Reported operating expense ratios 
Adjusted  operating expense ratios 
Reported  revenues 
Adjusted revenues - see page 29 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

2020 

2019 

687.2       $ 
(10.2 )       
(8.2 )       
—         
—         
668.8       $ 
13.3 %      
12.9 %      
5,167.1       $ 
5,172.9       $ 

796.5   
(8.0 ) 
(9.6 ) 
(13.0 ) 
1.1   
767.0   
16.3 % 
15.9 % 

4,901.5   
4,820.7   

The decrease in operating expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was due primarily to savings in meeting and client entertainment 
expense, office supplies and other occupancy costs, professional and banking fees and marketing expense - $135.3 million, partially 
offset by expenses associated with the acquisitions completed in 2020 - $6.7 million and increased business insurance - $19.3 million. 

40 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
Depreciation - The increase in depreciation expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was due primarily to the impact of purchases of 
furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements related to office expansions and moves, and expenditures related to upgrading 
computer systems.  Also contributing to the increases in depreciation expense in 2020 was the depreciation expense associated with 
acquisitions completed in 2020. 

Amortization - The increase in amortization in 2020 compared to 2019 was due primarily to the write-off of amortizable assets in 
2020 and additional amortization expense of intangible assets associated with acquisitions completed in 2020 and 2019.  Expiration 
lists, non-compete agreements and trade names are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives (two to 
fifteen years for expiration lists, two to six years for non-compete agreements and two to fifteen years for trade names).  Based on the 
results of impairment reviews performed on amortizable intangible assets in 2020 and 2019, we wrote off $51.5 million and 
$0.1 million, respectively, of amortizable intangible assets related to the brokerage segment.  We review all of our intangible assets for 
impairment periodically (at least annually for goodwill) and whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the 
carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable.  We perform such impairment reviews at the division (i.e., reporting unit) level 
with respect to goodwill and at the business unit level for amortizable intangible assets.  In reviewing amortizable intangible assets, if 
the undiscounted future cash flows were less than the carrying amount of the respective (or underlying) asset, an indicator of 
impairment would exist and further analysis would be required to determine whether or not a loss would need to be charged against 
current period earnings as a component of amortization expense.  In consideration of the potential impacts of COVID-19 on our 
reporting units, we performed a qualitative impairment review on carrying value of our goodwill for all of our reporting units as of 
December 31, 2020 and no indicators of impairment were noted.  

Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables - The change in the expense from the change in estimated acquisition earnout 
payables in 2020 compared to 2019 was due primarily to adjustments made to the estimated fair value of earnout obligations related to 
revised projections of future performance.  During 2020 and 2019, we recognized $32.0 million and $26.2 million, respectively, of 
expense related to the accretion of the discount recorded for earnout obligations in connection with our 2020 and 2019 acquisitions.  
During 2020 and 2019, we recognized $61.7 million and $9.3 million of income, respectively, related to net adjustments in the 
estimated fair market values of earnout obligations in connection with revised projections of future performance for 131 and 112 
acquisitions, respectively.  

The amounts initially recorded as earnout payables for our 2016 to 2020 acquisitions were measured at fair value as of the acquisition 
date and are primarily based upon the estimated future operating results of the acquired entities over a two- to three-year period 
subsequent to the acquisition date.  The fair value of these earnout obligations is based on the present value of the expected future 
payments to be made to the sellers of the acquired entities in accordance with the provisions outlined in the respective purchase 
agreements.  In determining fair value, we estimate the acquired entity’s future performance using financial projections developed by 
management for the acquired entity and market participant assumptions that were derived for revenue growth and/or profitability.  We 
estimate future earnout payments using the earnout formula and performance targets specified in each purchase agreement and these 
financial projections.  Subsequent changes in the underlying financial projections or assumptions will cause the estimated earnout 
obligations to change and such adjustments are recorded in our consolidated statement of earnings when incurred.  Increases in the 
earnout payable obligations will result in the recognition of expense and decreases in the earnout payable obligations will result in the 
recognition of income. 

Provision for income taxes - The brokerage segment’s effective tax rate in 2020 and 2019 was 24.2% and 24.2% respectively.  We 
anticipate reporting an effective tax rate of approximately 23.0% to 25.0% in our brokerage segment for the foreseeable future.   

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests - The amounts reported in this line for 2020 and 2019 include noncontrolling 
interest earnings of $4.9 million and $17.2 million, respectively, of which for 2019 primarily related to our investment in Capsicum 
Reinsurance Brokers LLP (which we refer to as Capsicum Re).  Prior to December 31, 2019, we were partners in this venture with 
Grahame Chilton, the former CEO of our International Brokerage Division (who stepped down from the role effective July 1, 2018).  
We were the controlling partner, participating in 33% of Capsicum Re’s net operating results and Mr. Chilton owned approximately 
50% of Capsicum Re.  In January 2020, we increased our ownership interest in Capsicum Re from 33% to 100%.  Founded in 
December 2013 through a strategic partnership with Gallagher, Capsicum Re has since grown to become the world’s fifth largest 
reinsurance broker with offices in the U.K., U.S., Bermuda and South America. 

41 

 
 
 
Risk Management  

The risk management segment accounted for 14% of our revenue in 2020.  Our risk management segment operations provide contract 
claim settlement, claim administration, loss control services and risk management consulting for commercial, not for profit, captive 
and public entities, and various other organizations that choose to self-insure property/casualty coverages or choose to use a third-
party claims management organization rather than the claim services provided by underwriting enterprises.  Revenues for the risk 
management segment are comprised of fees generally negotiated (i) on a per-claim or per-service basis, (ii) on a cost-plus basis, or 
(iii) as performance-based fees.  We also provide risk management consulting services that are recognized as the services are 
delivered. 

Financial information relating to our risk management segment results for 2020 and 2019 (in millions, except per share, percentages 
and workforce data): 

Statement of Earnings 
Fees 
Investment income 

Revenues before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 
Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Reimbursements 
Depreciation 
Amortization 

Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 
Total expenses 

Earnings before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Net earnings 

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling 
   interests 

Net earnings attributable to 

controlling interests 

Diluted earnings per share 
Other information 
Change in diluted earnings per share 

Growth in revenues (before reimbursements) 
Organic change in fees (before reimbursements) 
Compensation expense ratio 
   (before reimbursements) 
Operating expense ratio (before reimbursements) 

Effective income tax rate 

Workforce at end of period 
   (includes acquisitions) 

Identifiable assets at December 31 

2020 

2019 

Change 

(15.9 ) 
(0.9 ) 
(16.8 ) 
13.1   
(3.7 ) 
1.8   
(22.3 ) 
13.1   
3.2   
1.1   
(1.6 ) 
(4.7 ) 
1.0   
0.3   
0.7   

—   

0.7   
(0.01 ) 

  $ 

  $ 

821.0   
0.7   
821.7   
151.7   
973.4   
517.5   
162.6   
151.7   
49.4   
6.0   
(3.2 ) 
884.0   
89.4   
22.5   
66.9   

—   

  $ 

836.9   
1.6   
838.5   
138.6   
977.1   
515.7   
184.9   
138.6   
46.2   
4.9   
(1.6 ) 
888.7   
88.4   
22.2   
66.2   

—   

  $ 
  $ 

66.9   
0.34   

  $ 
  $ 

66.2   
0.35   

  $ 
  $ 

(3 %)     
(2 %)     
(3 %)     

63 %      
20 %      
25 %      

(8 %)     
5 %      
4 %      

62 %      
22 %      
25 %      

  $ 

6,378   
973.9   

  $ 

6,753   
898.1   

42 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
    
    
   
    
   
 
The following provides non-GAAP information that management believes is helpful when comparing 2020 and 2019 EBITDAC and 
adjusted EBITDAC in millions): 

Net earnings, as reported 
Provision for income taxes 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout 
   payables 
Total EBITDAC 
Workforce and lease termination related 
   charges 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
EBITDAC, as adjusted 
Net earnings margin, before reimbursements, 
   as reported 
EBITDAC margin, before reimbursements, 
   as adjusted 
Reported revenues before 
reimbursements 
Adjusted revenues - before reimbursements 
   - see page 29 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

2020 

2019 

Change 

66.9       $ 
22.5         
49.4         
6.0         

(3.2 )       
141.6         

7.9         
—         
149.5       $ 

66.2         
22.2           
46.2           
4.9           

(1.6 )         
137.9         

7.9           
0.2           
146.0         

1.1 % 

2.7 % 

2.4 % 

8.1 %      

7.9 %   

+24 bpts 

18.2 %      

17.4 %   

+77 bpts 

821.7       $ 

838.5           

821.7       $ 

838.0           

Fees - The decrease in fees for 2020 compared to 2019 was due primarily to the impact of COVID-19.  In our risk management 
operations, we began seeing a meaningful decline in new claims arising during the last two weeks of March 2020, which persisted into 
April.  From May to December, and thus far in the first quarter of 2021, we are seeing an improving trend in new claims arising; yet 
the current level of weekly new claims are still well below pre-pandemic levels.  A slower recovery or reversal in the number of 
workers employed could cause fewer claims to arise in future quarters.  Organic change in fee revenues was (3%) in 2020 and 4% in 
2019.  

Items excluded from organic fee computations yet impacting revenue comparisons in 2020 and 2019 include the following 
(in millions):  

Fees 
International performance bonus fees 
Fees as reported 
Less fees from acquisitions 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Organic fees 

2019 Organic Revenue 

2020 

2019 

Change 

   $ 

   $ 

815.3      $ 
5.7        
821.0        
(7.4 )      
—        
813.6      $ 

833.7        
3.2        
836.9        
—        
(0.6 )      
836.3        

(2.2 %) 

(1.9 %) 

(2.7 %) 

Reimbursements - Reimbursements represent amounts received from clients reimbursing us for certain third-party costs associated 
with providing our claims management services.  In certain service partner relationships, we are considered a principal because we 
direct the third party, control the specified service and combine the services provided into an integrated solution.  Given this principal 
relationship, we are required to recognize revenue on a gross basis and service partner vendor fees in the operating expense line in our 
consolidated statement of earnings.  The increase in reimbursements in 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily due to a change in 
business mix that is processed internally versus using outside service partners.     

Investment income - Investment income primarily represents interest income earned on our cash and cash equivalents.  Investment 
income in 2020 decreased compared to 2019 primarily due to decreases in interest income from our U.S. operations due to decreases 
in interest rates earned on our funds.    

43 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
         
           
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
       
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
   
     
     
   
     
   
 
Compensation expense - The following provides non-GAAP information that management believes is helpful when comparing 2020 
and 2019 compensation expense compensation expense (in millions): 

Compensation expense, as reported 
Workforce and lease termination related charges 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Compensation expense, as adjusted 
Reported compensation expense ratios 
   (before reimbursements) 
Adjusted compensation expense ratios 
   (before reimbursements) 
Reported revenues (before reimbursements) 
Adjusted revenues (before reimbursements) - see page 29 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

2020 

2019 

517.5       $ 
(7.5 )       
—         
510.0       $ 

515.7   
(5.9 ) 
(0.5 ) 
509.3   

63.0 %      

61.5 % 

62.1 %      
821.7       $ 
821.7       $ 

60.8 % 
838.5   
838.0   

The $1.8 million increase in compensation expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily due to other incentive compensation 
linked to operating results and deferred compensation - ($7.4 million in the aggregate), partially offset by a decrease in 
temporary-staffing expense - $5.6 million.   

Operating expense - The following provides non-GAAP information that management believes is helpful when comparing 2020 and 
2019 operating expense operating expense (in millions): 

Operating expense, as reported 
Workforce and lease termination related charges 
Levelized foreign currency translation 
Operating expense, as adjusted 
Reported compensation expense ratios 
   (before reimbursements) 
Adjusted compensation expense ratios 
   (before reimbursements) 
Reported revenues (before reimbursements) 
Adjusted revenues - (before reimbursements) see page 29 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

2020 

2019 

162.6       $ 
(0.4 )       
—         
162.2       $ 

184.9   
(2.0 ) 
(0.2 ) 
182.7   

19.8 %      

22.1 % 

19.7 %      
821.7       $ 
821.7       $ 

21.8 % 
838.5   
838.0   

The $22.3 million decrease in operating expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was primarily due to savings in meeting and client 
entertainment expense, office supplies and other occupancy costs, professional and banking fees and marketing 
expense - $24.8 million in the aggregate, partially offset by an increase in technology expense - $2.5 million. 

Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased in 2020 compared to 2019, which reflects the impact of purchases of furniture, 
equipment and leasehold improvements related to office expansions and moves and expenditures related to upgrading computer 
systems.   

Amortization - Amortization expense increased in 2020 compared to 2019.  Based on the results of impairment reviews performed on 
amortizable intangible assets during 2020, we wrote off $0.2 million of amortizable assets.  No indicators of impairment were noted in 
2019.   

Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables - The change in expense from the change in estimated acquisition earnout 
payables in 2020 compared to 2019, were due primarily to adjustments made in 2020 and 2019 to the estimated fair value of an 
earnout obligation related to revised projections of future performance.  During 2020 and 2019, we recognized $0.5 million and 
$0.8 million, respectively, of expense related to the accretion of the discount recorded for earnout obligations in connection with our 
2018 and 2017 acquisitions, respectively.  During 2020, we recognized $3.7 million of income related to net adjustments in the 
estimated fair value of earnout obligations related to revised projections of future performance for four acquisitions.  During 2019, we 
recognized $2.4 million of income related to net adjustments in the estimated fair value of earnout obligations related to revised 
projections of future performance for four acquisitions.   

44 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
 
Provision for income taxes - We allocate the provision for income taxes to the risk management segment using local statutory rates.  
The risk management segment’s effective tax rate in 2020 and 2019 was 25.2% and 25.1%, respectively.  We anticipate reporting an 
effective tax rate on adjusted results of approximately 24.0% to 26.0% in our risk management segment for the foreseeable future.   

Corporate  

The corporate segment reports the financial information related to our clean energy and other investments, our debt, certain corporate 
and acquisition-related activities and the impact of foreign currency translation.  See Note 14 to our 2020 consolidated financial 
statements for a summary of our investments at December 31, 2020 and 2019 and a detailed discussion of the nature of these 
investments.  See Note 8 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a summary of our debt at December 31, 2020 and 2019.   

Financial information relating to our corporate segment results for 2020 and 2019 (in millions, except per share and percentages): 

Statement of Earnings 
Revenues from facilities 
   coal production plants 
Royalty income from clean coal 
   licenses 
Loss from unconsolidated 
   clean coal facilities 
Other net losses 

Total revenues 

Cost of revenues from consolidated 
   clean coal facilities 
Compensation 
Operating 
Interest 
Depreciation 

Total expenses 

Loss before income taxes 
Benefit for income taxes 
Net loss 
Net earnings attributable to 
   noncontrolling interests 
Net loss attributable to 
   controlling interests 
Diluted net loss per share 
Identifiable assets at December 31 
EBITDAC 
Net loss 
Benefit for income taxes 
Interest 
Depreciation 
EBITDAC 

2020 

2019 

Change 

   $ 

802.0      $ 

1,255.1      $ 

(453.1 ) 

62.4        

66.7        

(4.3 ) 

(0.9 )      
(0.4 )      
863.1        

882.1        
66.5        
56.7        
196.4        
22.2        
1,223.9        
(360.8 )      
(286.0 )      
(74.8 )      

(2.5 )      
(2.9 )      
1,316.4        

1,352.8        
77.9        
87.1        
179.8        
27.6        
1,725.2        
(408.8 )      
(341.1 )      
(67.7 )      

1.6   
2.5   
(453.3 ) 

(470.7 ) 
(11.4 ) 
(30.4 ) 
16.6   
(5.4 ) 
(501.3 ) 
48.0   
55.1   
(7.1 ) 

34.4        

29.8        

4.6   

$ 
   $ 
   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

(109.2 ) 
$ 
(0.56 )    $ 
2,172.2      $ 

(74.8 )    $ 
(286.0 )      
196.4        
22.2        
(142.2 )    $ 

(97.5 ) 
$ 
(0.51 )    $ 
1,994.8        

(67.7 )    $ 
(341.1 )      
179.8        
27.6        
(201.4 )    $ 

(11.7 ) 
(0.05 ) 

(7.1 ) 
55.1   
16.6   
(5.4 ) 
59.2   

Revenues - Revenues in the corporate segment consist of the following: 

 

Revenues from consolidated clean coal production plants represents revenues from the consolidated IRC Section 45 
facilities in which we have a majority ownership position and maintain control over the operations at the related facilities.   

The decrease in 2020 and 2019 was due to decreased production of refined coal.   

  Royalty income from clean coal licenses represents revenues related to Chem-Mod LLC.  We hold a 46.5% controlling 

interest in Chem-Mod LLC.  As Chem-Mod LLC’s manager, we are required to consolidate its operations.  

The decrease in royalty income in 2020 compared to 2019 was due to decreased production of refined coal by Chem-
Mod LLC’s licensees.     

45 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
  
  
   
     
        
        
   
     
     
     
 
Expenses related to royalty income of Chem-Mod LLC were $10.6 million and $17.5 million in 2020 and 2019, 
respectively.  These expenses are included in the operating expenses discussed below.  In 2019, Chem-Mod LLC, incurred 
costs related to settling certain patent infringement litigation. 

 

Loss from unconsolidated clean coal production plants represents our equity portion of the pretax operating results from 
the unconsolidated IRC Section 45 facilities.  The production of refined coal generates pretax operating losses. 

The losses in 2020 and 2019 were low because the vast majority of our operations are consolidated. 

Cost of revenues - Cost of revenues from consolidated clean coal production plants in 2020 and 2019 consists of the cost of coal, 
labor, equipment maintenance, chemicals, supplies, management fees and depreciation incurred by the clean coal production plants to 
generate the consolidated revenues discussed above.  The decreases in cost of revenues in 2020 compared to 2019, were primarily due 
to decreased production.    

Compensation expense - Compensation expense for 2020 and 2019, respectively, was $66.5 million and $77.9 million.  The 
$11.4 million decrease in 2020 compensation expense compared to 2019 was primarily due to lower clean energy results in 2020.   

Operating expense - Operating expense for 2020 includes banking and related fees of $5.1 million, external professional fees and 
other due diligence costs related to 2020 acquisitions of $9.4 million, other corporate and clean energy related expenses, including 
legal fees, and costs related to corporate data and branding initiatives, of $41.9 million, and a net unrealized foreign exchange 
remeasurement loss of $0.3 million 

Operating expense for 2019 includes banking and related fees of $4.7 million, external professional fees and other due diligence costs 
related to 2019 acquisitions of $17.4 million, other corporate and clean energy related expenses of $35.8 million, $11.9 million of 
clean energy related costs as described on page 47, corporate related data and branding initiatives of $11.9 million, a net realized loss 
related to foreign exchange hedge contacts of $3.3 million and a net unrealized foreign exchange remeasurement loss of $2.1 million.   

Interest expense - The increase in interest expense in 2020 compared to 2019 was due to the following (in millions): 

Change in interest expense related to: 
Interest on borrowings from our Credit Agreement 
Interest on the maturity of the Series C notes 
Interest on the maturity of the Series K and L notes 
Interest on the $348.0 million notes funded on August 2 and 4, 2017 
Interest on the $500.0 million notes funded on June 13, 2018 
Interest on the $340.0 million notes funded on February 13, 2019 
Interest on the $260.0 million notes funded on March 13, 2019 
Interest on the $175.0 million notes funded on June 12, 2019 
Interest on the $50.0 million notes funded on December 2, 2019 
Interest on the $575.0 million notes funded on  January 30, 2020 
Amortization of hedge gains 
Net change in interest expense 

2020 / 2019 

   $ 

   $ 

(8.6 ) 
(2.7 ) 
(2.6 ) 
(1.0 ) 
(0.9 ) 
2.0   
2.7   
3.4   
1.7   
21.6   
1.0   
16.6   

Depreciation - Depreciation expense in 2020 was lower compared to 2019.   

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests - The amounts reported in this line for 2020 and 2019 primarily include 
noncontrolling interest earnings of $34.4 million and $29.8 million, respectively, related to our investment in Chem-Mod LLC.  As of 
December 31, 2020 and 2019, we held a 46.5% controlling interest in Chem-Mod LLC.  Also, included in net earnings attributable to 
noncontrolling interests are offsetting amounts related to non-Gallagher owned interests in several clean energy investments.   

Benefit for income taxes - We allocate the provision for income taxes to the brokerage and risk management segments using local 
statutory rates.  As a result, the provision for income taxes for the corporate segment reflects the entire benefit to us of the IRC 
Section 45 credits generated, because that is the segment which produced the credits.  The law that provides for IRC Section 45 tax 
credits expired in December 2019 for our fourteen 2009 Era Plants and is scheduled to expire in December 2021 for our twenty-one 
2011 Era Plants.  Our consolidated effective tax rate was 1.5%, and (14.3)% for 2020 and 2019, respectively.  The tax rates for 2020 
and 2019 were lower than the statutory rate primarily due to the amount of IRC Section 45 tax credits recognized during the year.  
There were $148.6 million and $196.0 million of Section 45 tax credits generated and recognized in 2020 and 2019, respectively.  The 

46 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
income tax benefit of stock based awards that vested or were settled in the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was 
$25.3 million and $17.4 million, respectively.   

U.S. federal income tax law changes - On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) 
was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  The CARES Act contains several significant business tax provisions that could 
affect a company’s accounting for income taxes.  See discussion of the various impact of the CARES Act below.     

U.S. Federal Income Tax Law Changes Items Impacting the Company Going Forward 

Alternative Minimum Tax Credit - The CARES Act amends Section 53(e) of the TCJA so that all prior year minimum tax credits 
are available for refund for the first taxable year of a corporation beginning in 2018.  We have adjusted the classification of the 
remaining Alternative Minimum Tax (which we refer to as AMT) credits as a result of the AMT credit acceleration.  All remaining 
AMT credits were utilized as part of our 2019 Federal Income Tax return or refunded in 2020. 

Interest Expense Limitation - The CARES Act contains modifications on the limitations of business interest for tax years beginning 
in 2019 and 2020.  The modifications to Section 163(j) increase the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted 
taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income.  This modification would significantly increase the allowable interest expense 
deduction of the company.  We have evaluated the impact and determined there is no limit on our interest deductibility for federal 
income tax purposes for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. 

The following provides non-GAAP information that we believe is helpful when comparing 2020 and 2019 operating results for the 
corporate segment (in millions):  

2020 

Income 
Tax 
Benefit 

      Net Earnings    
(Loss) 
     Attributable to   
      Controlling 

Interests 

Pretax 
Loss 

2019 

Income 
Tax 
Benefit 

   Net Earnings    
(Loss) 
  Attributable to   
   Controlling 

Interests 

Pretax 
Loss 

(201.4 )   $ 
(112.4 )     
(9.9 )     
(71.5 )     
(395.2 )     

50.4     $ 
182.2       
1.0       
52.4       
286.0       

(151.0 )    $ 
69.8        
(8.9 )      
(19.1 )      
(109.2 )      

(184.0 )   $ 
(151.9 )     
(21.2 )     
(81.5 )     
(438.6 )     

47.4      $ 
240.4        
3.2        
50.1        
341.1        

—       
—       

—       
(1.1 )     

—        
(1.1 )      

12.4       
3.0       

(3.2 )      
(0.7 )      

(201.4 )     
(112.4 )     
(9.9 )     
(71.5 )     
(395.2 )   $ 

50.4       
182.2       
1.0       
51.3       
284.9     $ 

(151.0 )      
69.8        
(8.9 )      
(20.2 )      
(110.3 )    $ 

(184.0 )     
(139.5 )     
(21.2 )     
(78.5 )     
(423.2 )   $ 

47.4        
237.2        
3.2        
49.4        
337.2      $ 

(136.6 ) 
88.5   
(18.0 ) 
(31.4 ) 
(97.5 ) 

9.2   
2.3   

(136.6 ) 
97.7   
(18.0 ) 
(29.1 ) 
(86.0 ) 

   $ 

Components of Corporate 
   Segment, as reported 
Interest and banking costs 
Clean energy related (1) 
Acquisition costs 
Corporate (2) (3) 
Reported Year Ended 
Adjustments 
Clean energy related (4) 
Income tax related and workforce (2)      
Components of Corporate 
   Segment, as adjusted 
Interest and banking costs 
Clean energy related (1) 
Acquisition costs 
Corporate (3) 
Adjusted Year Ended 

   $ 

(1)  Pretax losses are presented net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests of $34.4 million in 2020 and $29.8 million in 

2019. 

(2)  Corporate includes the impact in 2020 of one-time taxes associated with the realignment of our operations to continue to 

conduct certain business in the EU after Brexit.  The 2019 impact relates to severance costs. 

(3)  Corporate pretax loss includes a net unrealized foreign exchange remeasurement gain of $0.3 million in 2020 and a net 

unrealized foreign exchange remeasurement loss of $2.1 million in 2019.  

(4)  During third quarter of 2019, we and/or our 46.5% owned affiliate, Chem-Mod LLC, incurred costs related to (a) settling certain 
litigation, (b) prevailing in a tax court matter, (c) defending a new patent matter, and (d) moving three 2011 Era plants into 
different locations that generated more after-tax earnings in 2020 than in 2019. 

47 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
       
  
    
  
       
  
  
  
    
  
       
  
     
  
    
  
       
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
     
    
  
     
  
  
  
     
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
  
  
  
     
       
        
        
       
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
       
       
        
       
        
   
     
     
       
        
        
       
        
   
     
     
     
     
 
Interest and banking costs and debt - Interest and banking costs includes expenses related to our debt.   

Clean energy related - Includes the operating results related to our investments in clean coal production plants and Chem-Mod LLC.   

Acquisition costs - Consists of professional fees, due diligence and other costs incurred related to our acquisitions.   

Corporate - Consists of overhead allocations mostly related to corporate staff compensation and other corporate level activities, costs 
related to biennial company-wide award event, cross-selling and motivational meetings for our production staff and field management, 
expenses related to our new corporate headquarters, corporate related data and branding initiatives, expenses for systems and 
consulting related to the implementation of the new revenue recognition accounting and tax reform rules and the impact of foreign 
currency translation.  

The income tax benefit of stock based awards that vested or were settled in the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was 
$25.3 million and $17.4 million, respectively, and is included in the table above in the Corporate line.   

Impact of U.K. Brexit decision - During the third and fourth quarters of 2020, our U.K. operations completed the transfer of its EEA 
books of business to a Gallagher EU affiliate in connection with the U.K. exiting the EU on December 31, 2020.  The transfer related 
after-tax charges reported in 2020 were a net $1.1 million of income tax benefit, reflecting the amortization of those assets at the 
Swedish tax rate and utilization of historical U.K. capital losses that previously had valuation allowances against them. 

Clean energy investments - We have investments in limited liability companies that own 29 clean coal production plants developed 
by us and six clean coal production plants we purchased from a third party.  All 35 plants produce refined coal using propriety 
technologies owned by Chem-Mod LLC.  We believe that the production and sale of refined coal at these plants are qualified to 
receive refined coal tax credits under IRC Section 45.  The 14 2009 Era Plants received tax credits through 2019 and the 21 2011 Era 
Plants can receive tax credits through 2021.   

The following table provides a summary of our clean coal plant investments as of December 31, 2020 (in millions): 

Investments that own 2009 Era Plants 
14    2009 Not in active production during 2020 
Investments that own 2011 Era Plants 
17    2011 Under long-term production contracts 
4     2011 Restarted under long-term contracts Q4 2019 and Q3 2020 
Chem-Mod royalty income, net of noncontrolling interests 

Our 
Book Value At 

   December 31, 2020 

Our Portion of Estimated 

   Low Range 

   High Range 

2021 

2021 

   After-tax 
Earnings 

   After-tax 
Earnings 

   $ 

—      $ 

—      $ 

—   

10.1        
2.4        
4.0        

36.0        
12.0        
12.0        

45.0   
15.0   
15.0   

The estimated earnings information in the table reflects management’s current best estimate of the 2020 low and high ranges of after-
tax earnings based on early production estimates from the host utilities, other operating assumptions, including current U.S. federal 
income tax laws.  However, coal-fired power plants may not ultimately produce refined fuel at estimated levels due to seasonal 
electricity demand, production costs, natural gas prices, weather conditions, as well as many other operational, regulatory and 
environmental compliance reasons.  Future changes in EPA regulations or U.S. federal income tax laws might materially impact these 
estimates. 

Our investment in Chem-Mod LLC generates royalty income from refined coal production plants owned by those limited liability 
companies in which we invest as well as refined coal production plants owned by other unrelated parties.  Future changes in EPA 
regulations or U.S. federal income tax laws might materially impact these estimates.  

We may sell ownership interests in some or all of the plants to co-investors and relinquish control of the plants, thereby becoming a 
noncontrolling, minority investor.  In any limited liability company where we are a noncontrolling, minority investor, the membership 
agreement for the operations contains provisions that preclude an individual member from being able to make major decisions that 
would denote control.  As of any future date we become a noncontrolling, minority investor, we would deconsolidate the entity and 
subsequently account for the investment using equity method accounting. 

We currently have construction commitments related to our refined coal plants of approximately $0.9 million. 

48 

 
 
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
       
  
       
  
  
     
        
        
   
     
     
     
 
There is a provision in IRC Section 45 that phases out the tax credits if the coal reference price per ton, based on market prices, 
reaches certain levels as follows:  

   $ 

Calendar Year 
2010 
2011 
2012 
2013 
2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 
2018 
2019 
2020 
2021 

IRS Reference 
Price 
per Ton 

IRS Beginning 
Phase Out 
Price 

IRS 100% 
Phase Out 
Price 

54.74      $ 
55.66        
58.49        
58.23        
56.88        
57.64        
53.74        
51.09        
49.69        
49.23        
48.58        
(1 )      

77.78      $ 
78.41        
80.25        
81.69        
81.82        
83.17        
84.38        
85.64        
87.16        
88.92        
90.49        
(1 )      

86.53     
87.16     
89.00     
90.44     
90.57     
91.92     
93.13     
94.39     
95.91     
97.67     
99.24     
(1 )   

Conclusion 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
No phase out 
(1) 

(1)  The IRS will not release the factors for 2021 until April or May 2021.  Based on our analysis of the factors used in the IRS’ 

phase out calculations, it is our belief that there will be no phase out in 2021. 

See the risk factors regarding our IRC Section 45 investments under Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” for a more detailed discussion of these 
and other factors could impact the information above.  See Note 14 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for more information 
regarding risks and uncertainties related to these investments. 

Financial Condition and Liquidity 

Liquidity describes the ability of a company to generate sufficient cash flows to meet the cash requirements of its business operations.  
The insurance brokerage industry is not capital intensive.  Historically, our capital requirements have primarily included dividend 
payments on our common stock, repurchases of our common stock, funding of our investments, acquisitions of brokerage and risk 
management operations and capital expenditures.   

In light of the economic uncertainty caused by COVID-19, subsequent to the first quarter of 2020, we preserved liquidity during 2020 
by reducing capital expenditures for the remainder of the year and made working capital process changes such as moved more cash 
into the U.S. from our international operations, pursued collections on receivables from our customers and partners and renegotiated 
longer payment terms on vendor payables.  We also slowed down our acquisition program in the second and third quarters of 2020.  
We believe we have sufficient liquidity on hand to continue business operations during this uncertain period.  If we experience a 
significant reduction in revenue in the future, we have additional alternatives to maintain liquidity, including use of common stock to 
fund future acquisitions. 

Cash Flows From Operating Activities 

Historically, we have depended on our ability to generate positive cash flow from operations to meet a substantial portion of our cash 
requirements.  We believe that our cash flows from operations and borrowings under our Credit Agreement will provide us with 
adequate resources to meet our liquidity needs in the foreseeable future.  To fund acquisitions made during 2020, 2019 and 2018, we 
relied on a combination of net cash flows from operations, proceeds from borrowings under our Credit Agreement, proceeds from 
issuances of senior unsecured notes and issuances of our common stock.   

Cash provided by operating activities was $1,752.5 million, $1,119.2 million and $765.1 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  The increase in cash provided by operating activities during 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily 
due to timing differences between periods in the collection of other current receivables and payments on current liabilities.  During 
2020, we managed our working capital in terms of receivables and payables as a cautionary step to protect liquidity during this 
uncertain period.  In addition, during 2020, the company filed a refund claim under a CARES Act provision that accelerates the ability 
of companies to recover AMT credits and we received a $28.5 million refund related to our AMT credit carryovers, which was the 
remaining amount owed to us.  Under the CARES Act we also elected to defer the payment of $51.6 million of employer payroll tax 
obligations incurred in 2020 into 2021 and 2022.  This also defers our income tax deduction related to these employer payroll taxes, 

49 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
which results in an unfavorable temporary income tax adjustment of $12.9 million that will reverse in the year that the payroll taxes 
are paid.  We also deferred $18.0 million of estimated federal income tax payments from second quarter 2020 to third quarter 2020.  

The increase in cash provided by operating activities in 2019 compared to 2018 was due to the following items: decreases in 2019 
compared to 2018 of $48.0 million of payments on acquisition earnouts in excess of original estimates, $45.9 million of income tax 
payments and $30.0 million discretionary contribution made to our defined benefit plan in 2018.  Also contributing to the increase in 
cash provided by operating activities in 2019 compared to 2018 were timing differences between years in the collection of receivables 
and direct bill revenues, and the payment of accrued liabilities.   

In addition, cash provided by operating activities in 2020 was favorably impacted by timing differences in the receipts and 
disbursements of client fiduciary related balances in 2020 compared to 2019.  The following table summarizes two lines from our 
consolidated statement of cash flows and provides information that management believes is helpful when comparing changes in client 
fiduciary related balances for 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in millions): 

Net change in premiums and fees receivable 
Net change in premiums payable to underwriting enterprises 
Net cash provided by the above 

2020 

2019 

2018 

  $ 

  $ 

(796.5 )    $ 
1,154.2        
357.7      $ 

(434.7 )    $ 
461.6        
26.9      $ 

(783.1 ) 
819.7   
36.6   

Our cash flows from operating activities are primarily derived from our earnings from operations, as adjusted, for our non-cash 
expenses, which include depreciation, amortization, change in estimated acquisition earnout payables, deferred compensation, 
restricted stock, and stock-based and other non-cash compensation expenses.  Cash provided by operating activities can be 
unfavorably impacted if the amount of IRC Section 45 tax credits generated (which is the amount we recognize for financial reporting 
purposes) is greater than the amount of tax credits actually used to reduce our tax cash obligations.  Excess tax credits produced during 
the period result in an increase to our deferred tax assets, which is a net use of cash related to operating activities.  Please see “Clean 
energy investments” below for more information on their potential future impact on cash provided by operating activities.  

When assessing our overall liquidity, we believe that the focus should be on net earnings as reported in our consolidated statement of 
earnings, adjusted for non-cash items (i.e., EBITDAC), and cash provided by operating activities in our consolidated statement of cash 
flows.  Consolidated EBITDAC was $1,596.8 million, $1,295.6 million and $1,046.4 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests were $818.8 million, $668.8 million and $633.5 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  We believe that EBITDAC items are indicators of trends in liquidity.  From a balance sheet perspective, we believe the 
focus should not be on premium and fees receivable, premiums payable or restricted cash for trends in liquidity.  Net cash flows 
provided by operations will vary substantially from quarter to quarter and year to year because of the variability in the timing of 
premiums and fees receivable and premiums payable.  We believe that in order to consider these items in assessing our trends in 
liquidity, they should be looked at in a combined manner, because changes in these balances are interrelated and are based on the 
timing of premium payments, both to and from us.  In addition, funds legally restricted as to our use relating to premiums and clients’ 
claim funds held by us in a fiduciary capacity are presented in our consolidated balance sheet as “Restricted cash” and have not been 
included in determining our overall liquidity.   

Our policy for funding our defined benefit pension plan is to contribute amounts at least sufficient to meet the minimum funding 
requirements under the IRC.  The Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974, as amended (which we refer to as ERISA), could 
impose a minimum funding requirement for our plan.  We were not required to make any minimum contributions to the plan for the 
2020, 2019 and 2018 plan years.  Funding requirements are based on the plan being frozen and the aggregate amount of our historical 
funding.  The plan’s actuaries determine contribution rates based on our funding practices and requirements.  Funding amounts may 
be influenced by future asset performance, the level of discount rates and other variables impacting the assets and/or liabilities of the 
plan.  In addition, amounts funded in the future, to the extent not due under regulatory requirements, may be affected by alternative 
uses of our cash flows, including dividends, acquisitions and common stock repurchases.  During 2018 we made a $30.0 million 
discretionary contribution to the plan in order to minimize the potential impact of having to make required minimum contributions to 
the plan in future periods.  During 2020 and 2019 we did not make discretionary contributions to the plan.   

See Note 13 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for additional information required to be disclosed relating to our defined 
benefit postretirement plans.  We are required to recognize an accrued benefit plan liability for our underfunded defined benefit 
pension and unfunded retiree medical plans (which we refer to together as the Plans).  The offsetting adjustment to the liabilities 
required to be recognized for the Plans is recorded in “Accumulated Other Comprehensive Earnings (Loss),” net of tax, in our 
consolidated balance sheet.  We will recognize subsequent changes in the funded status of the Plans through the income statement and 
as a component of comprehensive earnings, as appropriate, in the year in which they occur.  Numerous items may lead to a change in 

50 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
funded status of the Plans, including actual results differing from prior estimates and assumptions, as well as changes in assumptions 
to reflect information available at the respective measurement dates.   

In 2020, the funded status of the Plan was unfavorably impacted by a decrease in the discount rates used in the measurement of the 
pension liabilities at December 31, 2020, the net impact of which was approximately $15.0 million.  However, the funded status was 
favorably impacted by returns on the plan’s assets being higher in 2020 than anticipated by approximately $17.9 million.  The net 
change in the funded status of the Plan in 2020 resulted in a decrease in noncurrent liabilities in 2020 of $2.9 million.  In 2019, the 
funded status of the Plan was unfavorably impacted by a decrease in the discount rates used in the measurement of the pension 
liabilities at December 31, 2019, the net impact of which was approximately $21.3 million.  However, the funded status was favorably 
impacted by returns on the plan’s assets being higher in 2019 than anticipated by approximately $23.8 million.  The net change in the 
funded status of the Plan in 2019 resulted in a decrease in noncurrent liabilities in 2019 of $2.5 million.  While the change in funded 
status of the Plan had no direct impact on our cash flows from operations in 2020, 2019 and 2018, potential changes in the pension 
regulatory environment and investment losses in our pension plan have an effect on our capital position and could require us to make 
significant contributions to our defined benefit pension plan and increase our pension expense in future periods. 

Cash Flows From Investing Activities  

Capital Expenditures - Capital expenditures were $99.3 million, $138.8 million and $124.4 million for 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  In addition, 2020 and 2019 capital expenditures include amounts incurred related to investments made in information 
technology and software development projects.  Relating to the development of our new corporate headquarters, we received property 
tax related credits under a tax-increment financing note from Rolling Meadows, Illinois and an Illinois state EDGE tax credit.  
Incentives from these two programs could total between $60.0 million and $90.0 million over a fifteen-year period.  In 2021, we 
expect total expenditures for capital improvements to be approximately $150.0 million, part of which is related to expenditures on 
office moves and expansions and updating computer systems and equipment. 

Acquisitions - Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash and restricted cash acquired, was $324.3 million, $1,266.8 million and 
$784.8 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The decreased use of cash for acquisitions in 2020 compared to 2019 was 
primarily due to a decrease in the number and size of acquisitions in 2020 than occurred in 2019.  The increased use of cash for 
acquisitions in 2019 compared to 2018 was primarily due to an increase in the number and size of acquisitions in 2019 than occurred 
in 2018.  In addition, during 2020, 2019 and 2018 we issued 3.0 million shares ($306.1 million), 1.9 million shares ($166.1 million) 
and 0.8 million shares ($60.8 million), respectively, of our common stock as payment for a portion of the total consideration paid for 
acquisitions and earnout payments.  We completed 27, 49 and 48 acquisitions in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  Annualized 
revenues of businesses acquired in 2020, 2019 and 2018 totaled approximately $251.4 million, $468.2 million and $339.8 million, 
respectively.  In 2021, we expect to use new debt, our Credit Agreement, cash from operations and our common stock to fund all, or a 
portion of acquisitions we complete. 

We significantly reduced our acquisition activity in the second and third quarters of 2020 because of the economic uncertainty brought 
on by COVID-19, and if liquidity concerns arise, we could use common stock to fund future acquisitions. 

Dispositions - During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we sold several books of business and recognized one-time (losses) gains of 
$(5.8) million of losses and $75.3 million and $10.2 million of gains, respectively.  On December 16, 2020, we completed the sale of a 
U.K. wealth management business that we purchased over four years ago that no longer strategically fit in our benefits operations.  In 
fourth quarter 2020, we recognized a net pretax non-cash loss on sale of approximately $12.0 million, primarily due to the write-off of 
the remaining net book value of the amortizable intangible assets. 

We received cash proceeds of $8.2 million, $81.0 million and $14.5 million, respectively, related to these transactions.   

On January 8, 2019, we sold a travel insurance brokerage operation that was initially purchased in 2014.  In first quarter 2019, we 
recognized a one-time, net gain of $0.17 of diluted net earnings per share as a result of the sale. 

Clean Energy Investments - During the period from 2009 through 2020, we have made significant investments in clean energy 
operations capable of producing refined coal that we believe qualifies for tax credits under IRC Section 45.  Our current estimate of 
the 2021 annual net after-tax earnings, including IRC Section 45 tax credits, which will be produced from all of our clean energy 
investments in 2020, is $60.0 million to $75.0 million.  The IRC Section 45 tax credits generate positive cash flow by reducing the 
amount of federal income taxes we pay, which is offset by the operating expenses of the plants, by any capital expenditures related to 
the redeployment, and in some cases the relocation of refined coal plants.  We anticipate positive net cash flow related to IRC 
Section 45 activity in 2021.  However, there are several variables that can impact net cash flow from clean energy investments in any 
given year.  Therefore, accurately predicting positive or negative cash flow in particular future periods is not possible at this time. 
Nonetheless, if current ownership interests remain the same, if capital expenditures related to redeployment and relocation of refined 

51 

 
 
coal plants remain as currently anticipated, and if we continue to generate sufficient taxable income to use the tax credits produced by 
our IRC Section 45 investments, we anticipate that these investments will continue to generate positive net cash flows for the period 
2021 through at least 2025.  While we cannot precisely forecast the cash flow impact in any particular period, we anticipate that the 
net cash flow impact of these investments will be positive overall.  Please see "Clean energy investments" on pages 48 and 49 for a 
more detailed description of these investments and their risks and uncertainties. 

Cash Flows From Financing Activities  

On June 7, 2019, we entered into an amendment and restatement to our multicurrency credit agreement dated April 8, 2016 (which we 
refer to as the Credit Agreement) with a group of fifteen financial institutions.  The amendment and restatement, among other things, 
extended the expiration date of the Credit Agreement from April 8, 2021 to June 7, 2024 and increased the revolving credit 
commitment from $800.0 million to $1,200.0 million, of which $75.0 million may be used for issuances of standby or commercial 
letters of credit and up to $75.0 million may be used for the making of swing loans, (as defined in the Credit Agreement).  We may 
from time to time request, subject to certain conditions, an increase in the revolving credit commitment under the Credit Agreement up 
to a maximum aggregate revolving credit commitment of $1,700.0 million.  On August 27, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the 
Credit Agreement providing that the obligations of each subsidiary of Gallagher that was a borrower, guarantor and/or obligor under 
the Credit Agreement, ceased to apply and that each such subsidiary was released from all of its obligations under the Credit 
Agreement.  The amendment also replaced the minimum asset covenant with a priority indebtedness covenant, substantially similar to 
other priority indebtedness covenants applicable to us under our private placement note purchase agreements. 

There were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement at December 31, 2020.  Due to the outstanding borrowing and 
letters of credit, $1,182.6 million remained available for potential borrowings under the Credit Agreement at December 31, 2020.   

We use the Credit Agreement to post letters of credit and to borrow funds to supplement our operating cash flows from time to time.  
During 2020, we borrowed an aggregate of $2,630.0 million and repaid $3,150.0 million under our Credit Agreement.  During 2019, 
we borrowed an aggregate of $4,315.0 million and repaid $4,060.0 million under our Credit Agreement.  During 2018, we borrowed 
an aggregate of $3,075.0 million and repaid $3,000.0 million under our Credit Agreement.  Principal uses of the 2020, 2019 and 2018 
borrowings under the Credit Agreement were to fund acquisitions, earnout payments related to acquisitions and general corporate 
purposes.   

On September 30, 2020, we entered into an amendment to our revolving loan facility (which we refer to as the Premium Financing 
Debt Facility) that provides funding for the three Australian (AU) and New Zealand (NZ) premium finance subsidiaries.  The 
amendment, among other things, extended the expiration date of the Premium Financing Debt Facility from July 18, 2021 to 
September 15, 2022, added six-months of variable limits to Facility B NZ$ beginning in 2021 and increased the total commitment for 
the AU$ denominated tranche from AU$245.0 million to AU$310.0 million.  The Premium Financing Debt Facility is comprised of: 
(i) Facility B is separated into AU$260.0 million and NZ$25.0 million tranches, (ii) Facility C, an AU$50.0 million equivalent 
multi-currency overdraft tranche and (iii) Facility D, a NZ$15.0 million equivalent multi-currency overdraft tranche.   

At December 31, 2020, we had $4,348.0 million of corporate-related borrowings outstanding under separate note purchase agreements 
entered into in the period 2009 to 2020, no borrowings outstanding under our credit facility, $203.6 million outstanding under our 
Premium Financing Debt Facility and a cash and cash equivalent balance of $664.6 million.  See Note 8 to our 2020 consolidated 
financial statements for a discussion of the terms of the note purchase agreements, the Credit Agreement and the Premium Financing 
Debt Facility.   

On January 30, 2020, we closed and funded an offering of $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of fixed rate private placement 
unsecured senior notes. The weighted average maturity of these notes is 11.7 years and the weighted average interest rate is 4.23% per 
annum after giving effect to underwriting costs and the net hedge loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate 
hedging transactions related to this private placements.  We realized a net cash loss of approximately $8.9 million on the hedging 
transactions that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as an increase to our reported interest expense over ten years.  

The notes consist of the following tranches: 

 

 

 

 

 

$30.0 million of 3.75% senior notes due in 2027; 

$341.0 million of 3.99% senior notes due in 2030; 

$69.0 million of 4.09% senior notes due in 2032; 

$79.0 million of 4.24% senior notes due in 2035; and 

$56.0 million of 4.49% senior notes due in 2040 

52 

 
We used these offerings to repay certain existing indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including to fund acquisitions. 

Consistent with past practice, as of December 31, 2020 we had pre-issuance hedges open for $350.0 million for 2021 and 
$200.0 million for 2022. 

On February 13, 2019, we closed an offering of $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of fixed rate private placement senior 
unsecured notes.  This offering was funded on February 13, 2019 ($340.0 million) and March 13, 2019 ($260.0 million).  The 
weighted average maturity of these notes is 10.1 years and the weighted average interest rate is 5.04% after giving effect to a net 
hedging loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate hedging transactions related to this private placement.  We 
realized a net cash loss of approximately $1.2 million on the hedging transactions that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as an 
increase in our reported interest expense over the life of the debt. 

The notes consist of the following tranches: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$100.0 million of 4.72% senior notes due in 2024; 

$140.0 million of 4.85% senior notes due in 2026; 

$100.0 million of 5.04% senior notes due in 2029; 

$180.0 million of 5.14% senior notes due in 2031;  

$40.0 million of 5.29% senior notes due in 2034; and 

$40.0 million of 5.45% senior notes due in 2039 

We used the proceeds of these offerings to repay certain existing indebtedness and fund acquisitions. 

On June 12, 2019, we closed a private placement of $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes.  The 
unsecured senior notes were issued with an interest rate of 4.48% and are due in 2034.  We used the proceeds of these offerings in part 
to fund the $50.0 million June 24, 2019 Series L note maturity, and for acquisitions and general corporate purposes.  The weighted 
average interest rate is 4.68% after giving effect to a net hedging loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate 
hedging transactions related to this private placement.  We realized a net cash loss of approximately $5.2 million on the hedging 
transactions that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as an increase in our reported interest expense over ten years of the total 
15-year notes.  

On December 2, 2019 we closed a private placement of $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes.  The 
unsecured senior notes were issued with an interest rate and weighted average interest rate of 3.48% and are due in 2029.  We used the 
proceeds of those offerings to fund the $50.0 million November 30, 2019 Series C note maturity. 

On June 13, 2018, we closed and funded offerings of $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of private placement senior unsecured 
notes (both fixed and floating rate), which was used in part to fund the $50.0 million June 24, 2018 Series K notes maturity.  The 
weighted average maturity of the $450.0 million of senior fixed rate notes is 13.6 years and their weighted average interest rate is 
4.42% after giving effect to net hedging gains.  The interest rate on the $50.0 million of floating rate notes would be 3.14% using 
three-month LIBOR on February 3, 2020.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate hedging transactions related to 
the $500.0 million private placement funded on June 13, 2018.  We realized a net cash gain of approximately $2.9 million on the 
hedging transaction that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as a reduction in our reported interest expense over the life of the debt. 
We used the proceeds of these offerings to repay certain existing indebtedness and fund acquisitions. 

The note purchase agreements, the Credit Agreement and the Premium Financing Debt Facility contain various financial covenants 
that require us to maintain specified financial ratios.  We were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2020. 

Dividends - Our board of directors determines our dividend policy.  Our board of directors determines dividends on our common 
stock on a quarterly basis after considering our available cash from earnings, our anticipated cash needs and current conditions in the 
economy and financial markets.   

In 2020, we declared $348.4 million in cash dividends on our common stock, or $1.80 per common share.  On December 18, 2020, we 
paid a fourth quarter dividend of $0.45 per common share to shareholders of record as of December 4, 2020.  On January 27, 2021, we 
announced a quarterly dividend for first quarter 2021 of $0.48 per common share.  If the dividend is maintained at $0.48 per common 
share throughout 2021, this dividend level would result in an annualized net cash used by financing activities in 2021 of 

53 

 
approximately $370.5 million (based on the outstanding shares as of December 31, 2020), or an anticipated increase in cash used of 
approximately $23.1 million compared to 2020.  We can make no assurances regarding the amount of any future dividend payments. 

Shelf Registration Statement - On November 15, 2019, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC, registering 
the offer and sale from time to time, of an indeterminate amount of our common stock.  The availability of the potential liquidity 
under this shelf registration statement depends on investor demand, market conditions and other factors.  We make no assurances 
regarding when, or if, we will issue any shares under this registration statement.  On November 15, 2016, we also filed a shelf 
registration statement on Form S-4 with the SEC, registering 10.0 million shares of our common stock that we may offer and issue 
from time to time in connection with future acquisitions of other businesses, assets or securities.  At December 31, 2020, 4.3 million 
shares remained available for issuance under this registration statement. 

Common Stock Repurchases - We have in place a common stock repurchase plan approved by our board of directors.  During the 
years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, we did not repurchase shares of our common stock.  During the year ended December 31, 
2018, we repurchased 0.1 million shares of our common stock at cost of $11.3 million.  Under the provisions of the repurchase plan, 
we are authorized to repurchase approximately 7.3 million additional shares at December 31, 2020.  The plan authorizes the 
repurchase of our common stock at such times and prices as we may deem advantageous, in transactions on the open market or in 
privately negotiated transactions.  We are under no commitment or obligation to repurchase any particular number of shares, and the 
plan may be suspended at any time at our discretion.  Funding for share repurchases may come from a variety of sources, including 
cash from operations, short-term or long-term borrowings under our Credit Agreement or other sources.   

Common Stock Issuances - Another source of liquidity to us is the issuance of our common stock pursuant to our stock option and 
employee stock purchase plans.  Proceeds from the issuance of common stock under these plans were $111.9 million in 2020, 
$101.2 million in 2019 and $81.9 million in 2018.  On May 16, 2017, our stockholders approved the 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan 
(which we refer to as the LTIP), which replaced our previous stockholder-approved 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan.  All of our 
officers, employees and non-employee directors are eligible to receive awards under the LTIP.  Awards which may be granted under 
the LTIP include non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance units, any 
or all of which may be made contingent upon the achievement of performance criteria.  Stock options with respect to 11.4 million 
shares (less any shares of restricted stock issued under the LTIP - 2.3 million shares of our common stock were available for this 
purpose as of December 31, 2020) were available for grant under the LTIP at December 31, 2020.  Our employee stock purchase plan 
allows our employees to purchase our common stock at 95% of its fair market value.  Proceeds from the issuance of our common 
stock related to these plans have contributed favorably to net cash provided by financing activities in the years ended December 31, 
2020, 2019 and 2018, and we believe this favorable trend will continue in the foreseeable future.   

We have a qualified contributory savings and thrift 401(k) plan covering the majority of our domestic employees.  For eligible 
employees who have met the plan’s age and service requirements to receive matching contributions, we historically have matched 
100% of pre-tax and Roth elective deferrals up to a maximum of 5.0% of eligible compensation, subject to federal limits on plan 
contributions and not in excess of the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes.  Beginning in 2021, the amount 
matched by the company will be discretionary and annually determined by management.  Employees must be employed and eligible 
for the plan on the last day of the plan year to receive a matching contribution, subject to certain exceptions enumerated in the plan 
document.  Matching contributions are subject to a five-year graduated vesting schedule and can be funded in cash or company stock.  
We expensed (net of plan forfeitures) $63.6 million, $59.4 million and $53.9 million related to the plan in 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  Our board of directors has authorized the use of common stock to fund our 2020 employer matching contributions to the 
401(k) plan, which we plan to do in February 2021. 

Outlook - We believe that we have sufficient capital and access to additional capital to meet our short- and long-term cash flow needs.   

54 

 
 
 
Contractual Obligations and Commitments  

In connection with our investing and operating activities, we have entered into certain contractual obligations and commitments.  See 
Notes 8, 14 and 17 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of these obligations and commitments.  Our 
future minimum cash payments, including interest, associated with our contractual obligations pursuant to our note purchase 
agreements and Credit Agreement, operating leases and purchase commitments as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in millions):  

Contractual Obligations 
Note purchase agreements 
Credit Agreement 
Premium Financing Debt Facility 
Interest on debt 
Total debt obligations 
Operating lease obligations 
Less sublease arrangements 
Outstanding purchase obligations 
Total contractual obligations 

2021 

2022 

   $ 

   $ 

75.0      $ 
—        
203.6        
189.5        
468.1        
108.5        
(0.3 )      
75.3        
651.6      $ 

200.0      $ 
—        
—        
183.6        
383.6        
93.9        
(0.3 )      
49.4        
526.6      $ 

Payments Due by Period 
2024 

2023 

250.0      $ 
—        
—        
174.7        
424.7        
75.1        
(0.2 )      
30.8        
530.4      $ 

475.0      $ 
—        
—        
158.0        
633.0        
54.8        
(0.2 )      
21.9        
709.5      $ 

2025 

      Thereafter       

Total 

—        
—        

200.0      $  3,148.0      $  4,348.0   
—   
—        
203.6   
—        
143.4        
601.9         1,451.1   
343.4         3,749.9         6,002.7   
451.7   
41.6        
(1.7 ) 
(0.2 )      
16.7        
216.8   
401.5      $  3,849.9      $  6,669.5   

77.8        
(0.5 )      
22.7        

The amounts presented in the table above may not necessarily reflect our actual future cash funding requirements, because the actual 
timing of the future payments made may vary from the stated contractual obligation.  As of December 31, 2020, we had a 
$48.2 million accrued liability related to the Ashton Tiffany acquisition, that is not in the foregoing table, that may be settled using 
shares of our common stock in early February 2021.   

In addition, due to the uncertainty with respect to the timing of future cash flows associated with our unrecognized tax benefits at 
December 31, 2020, we are unable to make reasonably reliable estimates of the period in which cash settlements may be made with 
the respective taxing authorities.  See Note 19 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a discussion on income taxes. 

See Note 8 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the terms of the Credit Agreement and note purchase 
agreements. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments - Our total unrecorded commitments associated with outstanding letters of credit, financial 
guarantees and funding commitments as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (in millions): 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments 
Letters of credit 
Financial guarantees 
Total commitments 

Amount of Commitment Expiration by Period 

2021 

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 

      Thereafter       

   $ 

   $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

18.4      $ 
0.2        
18.6      $ 

Total 
Amounts 
Committed   
18.4   
1.2   
19.6   

Since commitments may expire unused, the amounts presented in the table above do not necessarily reflect our actual future cash 
funding requirements.  See Note 17 to our 2020 consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our funding commitments related 
to our corporate segment and the Off-Balance Sheet Debt section below for a discussion of other letters of credit.  All but one of the 
letters of credit represent multiple year commitments that have annual, automatic renewing provisions and are classified by the latest 
commitment date.   

On December 23, 2020, we signed a definitive agreement to acquire 100% of the equity of The Bollington Wilson Group (which we 
refer to as Bollington) headquartered in Sale, Greater Manchester, U.K., for approximately $330.0 million of cash consideration.  The 
transaction is subject to regulatory approval, which we received on January 26, 2021, and is expected to close in February 2021. 

Since January 1, 2002, we have acquired 583 companies, all of which were accounted for using the acquisition method for recording 
business combinations.  Substantially all of the purchase agreements related to these acquisitions contain provisions for potential 
earnout obligations.  For all of our acquisitions made in the period from 2016 to 2020 that contain potential earnout obligations, such 
obligations are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date and are included on that basis in the recorded purchase price 

55 

 
 
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
        
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
 
consideration for the respective acquisition.  The amounts recorded as earnout payables are primarily based upon estimated future 
operating results of the acquired entities over a two- to three-year period subsequent to the acquisition date.  The aggregate amount of 
the maximum earnout obligations related to these acquisitions was $1,128.1 million, of which $592.2 million was recorded in our 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, based on the estimated fair value of the expected future payments to be made, of 
which approximately $493.7 million can be settled in cash or stock at our option and $98.5 million must be settled in cash.   

Off-Balance Sheet Debt - Our unconsolidated investment portfolio includes investments in enterprises where our ownership interest 
is between 1% and 50%, in which management has determined that our level of influence and economic interest is not sufficient to 
require consolidation.  As a result, these investments are accounted for under the equity method.  None of these unconsolidated 
investments had any outstanding debt at December 31, 2020 and 2019 that was recourse to us. 

At December 31, 2020, we had posted two letters of credit totaling $9.4 million, in the aggregate, related to our self-insurance 
deductibles, for which we have recorded a liability of $17.5 million.  We have an equity investment in a rent-a-captive facility, which 
we use as a placement facility for certain of our insurance brokerage operations.  At December 31, 2020, we had posted seven letters 
of credit totaling $7.5 million to allow certain of our captive operations to meet minimum statutory surplus requirements plus 
additional collateral related to premium and claim funds held in a fiduciary capacity, one letter of credit totaling $1.0 million for 
collateral related to claim funds held in a fiduciary capacity by a recent acquisition and one letter of credit totaling $0.5 million as a 
security deposit for a 2015 acquisition’s lease.  These letters of credit have never been drawn upon. 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.  

We are exposed to various market risks in our day to day operations.  Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in 
market rates and prices, such as interest and foreign currency exchange rates and equity prices.  The following analyses present the 
hypothetical loss in fair value of the financial instruments held by us at December 31, 2020 that are sensitive to changes in interest 
rates.  The range of changes in interest rates used in the analyses reflects our view of changes that are reasonably possible over a one-
year period.  This discussion of market risks related to our consolidated balance sheet includes estimates of future economic 
environments caused by changes in market risks.  The effect of actual changes in these market risk factors may differ materially from 
our estimates.  In the ordinary course of business, we also face risks that are either nonfinancial or unquantifiable, including credit risk 
and legal risk.  These risks are not included in the following analyses.  

Our invested assets are primarily held as cash and cash equivalents, which are subject to various market risk exposures such as interest 
rate risk.  The fair value of our portfolio of cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020 approximated its carrying value due to 
its short-term duration.  We estimated market risk as the potential decrease in fair value resulting from a hypothetical one-percentage 
point increase in interest rates for the instruments contained in the cash and cash equivalents investment portfolio.  The resulting fair 
values were not materially different from their carrying values at December 31, 2020.  

As of December 31, 2020, we had $4,348.0 million of borrowings outstanding under our various note purchase agreements.  The 
aggregate estimated fair value of these borrowings at December 31, 2020 was $5,018.9 million due to the long-term duration and fixed 
interest rates associated with these debt obligations.  No active or observable market exists for our private placement long-term debt.  
Therefore, the estimated fair value of this debt is based on the income valuation approach, which is a valuation technique that converts 
future amounts (for example, cash flows or income and expenses) to a single current (that is, discounted) amount.  The fair value 
measurement is determined on the basis of the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts.  Because 
our debt issuances generate a measurable income stream for each lender, the income approach was deemed to be an appropriate 
methodology for valuing the private placement long-term debt.  The methodology used calculated the original deal spread at the time 
of each debt issuance, which was equal to the difference between the yield of each issuance (the coupon rate) and the equivalent 
benchmark treasury yield at that time.  The market spread as of the valuation date was calculated, which is equal to the difference 
between an index for investment grade insurers and the equivalent benchmark treasury yield today.  An implied premium or discount 
to the par value of each debt issuance based on the difference between the origination deal spread and market as of the valuation date 
was then calculated.  The index we relied on to represent investment graded insurers was the Bloomberg Valuation Services (BVAL) 
U.S. Insurers BBB index.  This index is comprised primarily of insurance brokerage firms and was representative of the industry in 
which we operate.  For the purpose of our analysis, the average BBB rate was assumed to be the appropriate borrowing rate for us.  

We estimated market risk as the potential impact on the value of the debt recorded in our consolidated balance sheet based on a 
hypothetical one-percentage point change in our weighted average borrowing rate as of December 31, 2020.  A one-percentage point 
decrease would result in an estimated fair value of $5,345.9 million, or $997.9 million more than their current carrying value.  A one-
percentage point increase would result in an estimated fair value of $4,720.0 million, or $372.0 million more than their current 
carrying value.  

56 

 
As of December 31, 2020, we had no borrowings outstanding under our Credit Agreement and $203.6 million of borrowings 
outstanding under our Premium Financing Debt Facility.  Market risk is estimated as the potential increase in fair value resulting from 
a hypothetical one-percentage point decrease in our weighted average short-term borrowing rate at December 31, 2020.  Because these 
are short-term borrowings with variable interest rates, the estimated fair values of these borrowings approximate their carrying value. 

We are subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk primarily from one of our larger U.K. based brokerage subsidiaries that incurs 
expenses denominated primarily in British pounds while receiving a substantial portion of its revenues in U.S. dollars.  Please see Item 
1A, “Risk Factors,” for additional information regarding potential foreign exchange rate risks arising from Brexit.  In addition, we are 
subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk from our Australian, Canadian, Indian, Jamaican, New Zealand, Norwegian, 
Singaporean and various Caribbean and Latin American operations because we transact business in their local denominated 
currencies.  Foreign currency gains (losses) related to this market risk are recorded in earnings before income taxes as transactions 
occur.  Assuming a hypothetical adverse change of 10% in the average foreign currency exchange rate for 2020 (a weakening of the 
U.S. dollar), earnings before income taxes would have increased by approximately $25.1 million.  Assuming a hypothetical favorable 
change of 10% in the average foreign currency exchange rate for 2020 (a strengthening of the U.S. dollar), earnings before income 
taxes would have decreased by approximately $19.8 million.  We are also subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk associated 
with the translation of local currencies of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars.  We manage the balance sheets of our foreign 
subsidiaries, where practical, such that foreign liabilities are matched with equal foreign assets, maintaining a “balanced book” which 
minimizes the effects of currency fluctuations.  However, our consolidated financial position is exposed to foreign currency exchange 
risk related to intra-entity loans between our U.S. based subsidiaries and our non-U.S. based subsidiaries that are denominated in the 
respective local foreign currency.  A transaction that is in a foreign currency is first remeasured at the entity’s functional (local) 
currency, where applicable, (which is an adjustment to consolidated earnings) and then translated to the reporting (U.S. dollar) 
currency (which is an adjustment to consolidated stockholders’ equity) for consolidated reporting purposes.  If the transaction is 
already denominated in the foreign entity’s functional currency, only the translation to U.S. dollar reporting is necessary.  The 
remeasurement process required by U.S. GAAP for such foreign currency loan transactions will give rise to a consolidated unrealized 
foreign exchange gain or loss, which could be material, that is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive earnings (loss). 

Historically, we have not entered into derivatives or other similar financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.  However, 
with respect to managing foreign currency exchange rate risk in India, Norway and the U.K., we have periodically purchased financial 
instruments to minimize our exposure to this risk.  During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we had several monthly put/call options in place with 
an external financial institution that were designed to hedge a significant portion of our future U.K. currency revenues through various 
future payment dates.  In addition, during 2020, 2019 and 2018, we had several monthly put/call options in place with an external 
financial institution that were designed to hedge a significant portion of our Indian currency disbursements through various future 
payment dates.  Although these hedging strategies were designed to protect us against significant U.K. and Indian currency exchange 
rate movements, we are still exposed to some foreign currency exchange rate risk for the portion of the payments and currency 
exchange rate that are unhedged.  All of these hedges are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and 
Hedging”, and periodically are tested for effectiveness in accordance with such guidance.  In the scenario where such hedge does not 
pass the effectiveness test, the hedge will be re-measured at the stated point and the appropriate loss, if applicable, would be 
recognized.  For the year ended December 31, 2020 there has been no such effect on our consolidated financial presentation.  The 
impact of these hedging strategies was not material to our consolidated financial statements for 2020, 2019 and 2018.  See Note 21 to 
our 2020 consolidated financial statements for the changes in fair value of these derivative instruments reflected in comprehensive 
earnings in 2020, 2019 and 2018.   

57 

 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.  

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Statement of Earnings 
(In millions, except per share data)  

Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income 
Net (losses) gains on divestitures 
Revenues from clean coal activities 
Other net (losses) revenue 

Revenues before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 

Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Reimbursements 
Cost of revenues from clean coal activities 
Interest 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 

Total expenses 
Earnings before income taxes 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 

Net earnings 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 

Basic net earnings per share 
Diluted net earnings per share 
Dividends declared per common share 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

3,591.9      $ 
1,957.9        
221.9        
147.0        
75.9        
(5.8 )      
863.5        
(0.4 )      
6,851.9        
151.7        
7,003.6        
3,466.5        
906.5        
151.7        
882.1        
196.4        
145.1        
417.3        
(32.9 )      
6,132.7        
870.9        
12.8        
858.1        
39.3        
818.8      $ 
4.29      $ 
4.20        
1.80        

3,320.6      $ 
1,911.1        
210.5        
135.6        
86.9        
75.3        
1,319.3        
(2.9 )      
7,056.4        
138.6        
7,195.0        
3,339.5        
1,068.5        
138.6        
1,352.8        
179.8        
140.4        
334.0        
15.3        
6,568.9        
626.1        
(89.7 )      
715.8        
47.0        
668.8      $ 
3.60      $ 
3.52        
1.72        

2,920.7   
1,756.3   
189.9   
98.0   
70.1   
10.2   
1,746.3   
0.9   
6,792.4   
141.6   
6,934.0   
3,026.3   
903.7   
141.6   
1,816.0   
138.4   
127.8   
291.2   
9.6   
6,454.6   
479.4   
(196.5 ) 
675.9   
42.4   
633.5   
3.47   
3.40   
1.64   

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

58 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Earnings 
(In millions) 

Net earnings 
Change in pension liability, net of taxes 
Foreign currency translation, net of taxes in 2020 and 2019 
Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net of taxes 
Comprehensive earnings 
Comprehensive earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Comprehensive earnings attributable to controlling interests 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

   $ 

858.1      $ 
0.4        
183.7        
(68.1 )      
974.1        
39.7        
934.4      $ 

715.8      $ 
4.7        
44.0        
(22.7 )      
741.8        
47.3        
694.5      $ 

675.9   
(10.3 ) 
(197.7 ) 
(15.6 ) 
452.3   
40.4   
411.9   

See notes to consolidated financial statements 

59 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Balance Sheet 
(In millions) 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Premiums and fees receivable 
Other current assets 

Total current assets 

Fixed assets - net 
Deferred income taxes 
Other noncurrent assets 
Right-of-use assets 
Goodwill - net 
Amortizable intangible assets - net 

Total assets 

Premiums payable to underwriting enterprises 
Accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities 
Deferred revenue - current 
Premium financing borrowings 
Corporate related borrowings - current 

Total current liabilities 

Corporate related borrowings - noncurrent 
Deferred revenue - noncurrent 
Lease liabilities - noncurrent 
Other noncurrent liabilities 

Total liabilities 
Stockholders' equity: 
Common stock - authorized 400.0 shares; issued and outstanding 193.7 
   shares in 2020 and 188.1 shares in 2019 
Capital in excess of par value 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Stockholders' equity attributable to controlling interests 
Stockholders' equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 

Total stockholders' equity 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

   $ 

664.6      $ 
2,909.7        
6,436.0        
1,113.9        
11,124.2        
450.7        
1,085.8        
769.9        
373.9        
6,127.0        
2,399.9        
22,331.4      $ 
7,784.6      $ 
1,596.2        
475.6        
203.6        
75.0        
10,135.0        
4,266.0        
65.7        
320.9        
1,311.1        
16,098.7        

193.7        
4,264.4        
2,371.7        
(643.6 )      
6,186.2        
46.5        
6,232.7        
22,331.4      $ 

604.8   
2,019.1   
5,419.2   
1,074.4   
9,117.5   
467.4   
945.6   
773.6   
393.5   
5,618.5   
2,318.7   
19,634.8   
6,348.5   
1,347.8   
434.1   
170.6   
620.0   
8,921.0   
3,816.1   
69.7   
340.9   
1,271.6   
14,419.3   

188.1   
3,825.7   
1,901.3   
(759.6 ) 
5,155.5   
60.0   
5,215.5   
19,634.8   

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

60 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 
(In millions) 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

858.1      $ 

715.8      $ 

675.9   

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net earnings 
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating 
   activities: 

Net loss (gain) on investments and other 
Depreciation and amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 
Amortization of deferred compensation and restricted stock 
Stock-based and other noncash compensation expense 
Payments on acquisition earnouts in excess of original estimates 
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate 
Net change in premium and fees receivable 
Net change in deferred revenue 
Net change in premiums payable to underwriting enterprises 
Net change in other current assets 
Net change in accrued compensation and other accrued liabilities 
Net change in income taxes payable 
Net change in deferred income taxes 
Net change in other noncurrent assets and liabilities 

Net cash provided by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Capital expenditures 
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash and restricted cash acquired 
Net proceeds from sales of operations/books of business 
Net funding of investment transactions 
Net cash used by investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 
Payments on acquisition earnouts 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 
Repurchases of common stock 
Payments to noncontrolling interests 
Dividends paid 
Net borrowings on premium financing debt facility 
Borrowings on line of credit facility 
Repayments on line of credit facility 
Net borrowings of corporate related long-term debt 
Debt acquisition costs 
Settlements on terminated interest rate swaps 

Net cash (used) provided by financing activities 

Effect of changes in foreign exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents 
   and restricted cash 
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year 

   $ 

6.3        
562.4        
(32.9 )      
60.9        
13.6        
(14.5 )      
2.9        
(796.5 )      
18.5        
1,154.2        
(77.1 )      
91.8        
51.8        
(175.6 )      
28.6        
1,752.5        

(99.3 )      
(324.3 )      
8.2        
(1.4 )      
(416.8 )      

(38.8 )      
111.9        
-        
(84.4 )      
(347.4 )      
16.0        
2,630.0        
(3,150.0 )      
424.9        
(1.3 )      
(66.0 )      
(505.1 )      

119.8        
950.4        
2,623.9        
3,574.3      $ 

(72.0 )      
474.4        
15.3        
47.2        
14.0        
(16.6 )      
6.7        
(434.7 )      
12.8        
461.6        
(60.5 )      
77.0        
35.5        
(150.7 )      
(6.6 )      
1,119.2        

(138.8 )      
(1,266.8 )      
81.0        
(52.0 )      
(1,376.6 )      

(46.3 )      
101.2        
-        
(75.4 )      
(321.1 )      
19.2        
4,315.0        
(4,060.0 )      
725.0        
(3.9 )      
(15.3 )      
638.4        

6.1        
387.1        
2,236.8        
2,623.9      $ 

(8.4 ) 
419.0   
9.6   
41.6   
13.7   
(64.6 ) 
(2.9 ) 
(783.1 ) 
18.4   
819.7   
(134.7 ) 
44.9   
(46.0 ) 
(216.0 ) 
(22.0 ) 
765.1   

(124.4 ) 
(784.8 ) 
14.5   
(15.6 ) 
(910.3 ) 

(62.1 ) 
81.9   
(11.3 ) 
(54.2 ) 
(301.8 ) 
32.9   
3,075.0   
(3,000.0 ) 
400.0   
(1.3 ) 
2.9   
162.0   

(85.0 ) 
(68.2 ) 
2,305.0   
2,236.8   

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

61 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
     
        
        
   
     
        
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
        
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
        
        
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity 
(In millions) 

Balance at December 31, 2017 

181.0        

181.0     $ 

Common Stock 

Shares 

     Amount 

     Capital in        
     Excess of 
     Retained 
     Par Value       Earnings 
3,388.2     $ 

1,221.8     $ 

    Accumulated Other       
     Comprehensive 
     Earnings (Loss) 

    Noncontrolling       
Interests 

Total 

Reclassification of the income tax 
   effects within accumulated other 
   comprehensive loss related to the 
   TCJA 
Net earnings 
Net purchase of subsidiary shares 
   from noncontrolling interests 
Dividends paid to 
   noncontrolling interests 
Net change in pension asset/liability, 
   net of taxes of $6.2 million 
Foreign currency translation 
Change in fair value of 
   derivative instruments, 
   net of taxes of ($5.6) million 
Compensation expense related 
   to stock option plan grants 
Common stock issued in: 

Ten purchase transactions 
Stock option plans 
Employee stock purchase plan 
Deferred compensation 
   and restricted stock 
Common stock repurchases 
Cash dividends declared 
   on common stock 
Balance at December 31, 2018 

Cumulative effects of adoption of lease 
   and hedging accounting standards 
Net earnings 
Net purchase of subsidiary shares 
   from noncontrolling interests 
Dividends paid to 
   noncontrolling interests 
Net change in pension asset/liability, 
   net of taxes of $1.1 million 
Foreign currency translation 
Change in fair value of 
   derivative instruments, 
   net of taxes of ($8.9) million 
Compensation expense related 
   to stock option plan grants 
Common stock issued in: 

Twenty-one purchase transactions      
Stock option plans 
Employee stock purchase plan 
Deferred compensation 
   and restricted stock 
Cash dividends declared 
   on common stock 
Balance at December 31, 2019 

-        
-        

-        

-        

-        
-        

-        

-        

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

0.8        
1.6        
0.4        

0.3        
(0.1 )      

0.8       
1.6       
0.4       

0.3       
(0.1 )     

-       
-       

6.6       
633.5       

(5.0 )     

-       

-       
-       

-       

13.7       

60.8       
57.0       
22.9       

15.5       
(11.2 )     

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       
-       

-        
184.0        

-       
184.0       

-       
3,541.9       

(303.3 )     
1,558.6       

-        
-        

-        

-        

-        
-        

-        

-        

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

1.9        
1.8        
0.3        

1.9       
1.8       
0.3       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

14.0       

166.1       
71.9       
27.2       

0.1        

0.1       

4.6       

(2.2 )     
668.8       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

(555.4 )   $ 

64.1     $ 

4,299.7   

(6.6 )     
-       

-       

-       

-       
42.4       

-   
675.9   

4.3       

(0.7 ) 

(38.0 )     

(38.0 ) 

(10.3 )     
(197.7 )     

-       
(2.0 )     

(10.3 ) 
(199.7 ) 

(15.6 )     

-       

(15.6 ) 

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       
-       

-       
(785.6 )     

(0.2 )     
-       

-       

-       

4.7       
44.2       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       
-       

13.7   

61.6   
58.6   
23.3   

15.8   
(11.3 ) 

-       
70.8       

(303.3 ) 
4,569.7   

-       
47.0       

(2.4 ) 
715.8   

(15.1 )     

(15.1 ) 

(43.0 )     

(43.0 ) 

-       
0.3       

4.7   
44.5   

(22.7 )     

-       

(22.7 ) 

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

14.0   

168.0   
73.7   
27.5   

4.7   

-        
188.1        

-       
188.1     $ 

-       
3,825.7     $ 

(323.9 )     
1,901.3     $ 

-       
(759.6 )   $ 

-       
60.0     $ 

(323.9 ) 
5,215.5   

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

62 

 
 
  
    
  
       
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
       
       
       
       
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
        
       
       
       
       
       
   
    
    
    
    
    
 
Balance at December 31, 2019 

Net earnings 
Net purchase of subsidiary shares 
   from noncontrolling interests 
Dividends paid to 
   noncontrolling interests 
Net change in pension asset/liability, 
   net of taxes of $0.1 million 
Foreign currency translation 
Change in fair value of 
   derivative instruments, 
   net of taxes of ($22.4) million 
Compensation expense related 
   to stock option plan grants 
Common stock issued in: 

Fifty-two purchase transactions 
Stock option plans 
Employee stock purchase plan 
Deferred compensation 
   and restricted stock 
Cash dividends declared 
   on common stock 
Balance at December 31, 2020 

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity (continued) 
(In millions) 

Common Stock 

   Shares 

      Amount 

      Capital in         
      Excess of 
      Retained 
      Par Value        Earnings 
3,825.7     $ 
-       

1,901.3     $ 
818.8       

188.1     $ 
-       

     Accumulated Other        
      Comprehensive 
      Earnings (Loss) 

     Noncontrolling        
Interests 

Total 

188.1       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

13.6       

306.1       
75.9       
33.7       

3.0       
1.8       
0.5       

3.0       
1.8       
0.5       

0.3       

0.3       

9.4       

-       

-       

-       
-       

-       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

(759.6 )   $ 
-       

60.0     $ 
39.3       

5,215.5   
858.1   

-       

-       

0.4       
183.7       

(68.1 )     

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

(6.4 )     

(6.4 ) 

(46.8 )     

(46.8 ) 

-       
0.4       

0.4   
184.1   

-       

-       

-       
-       
-       

-       

(68.1 ) 

13.6   

309.1   
77.7   
34.2   

9.7   

-       
193.7       

-       
193.7     $ 

-       
4,264.4     $ 

(348.4 )     
2,371.7     $ 

-       
(643.6 )   $ 

-       
46.5     $ 

(348.4 ) 
6,232.7   

See notes to consolidated financial statements. 

63 

 
 
  
    
  
       
  
  
  
       
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
        
        
         
      
  
         
        
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

December 31, 2020 

1.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Terms Used in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

ASC - Accounting Standards Codification. 

ASU - Accounting Standards Update. 

FASB - The Financial Accounting Standards Board. 

GAAP - U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.   

IRC - Internal Revenue Code. 

IRS - Internal Revenue Service. 

Topic 606 - ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. 

Underwriting enterprises - Insurance companies, reinsurance companies and various other forms of risk-taking entities, including 
intermediaries of underwriting enterprises.   

VIE - Variable interest entity. 

Nature of Operations  

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and its subsidiaries, collectively referred to herein as we, our, us or the company, provide insurance 
brokerage, consulting and third party claims settlement and administration services to both domestic and international entities.  We 
have three reportable segments: brokerage, risk management and corporate.  Our brokers, agents and administrators act as 
intermediaries between underwriting enterprises and our clients. 

Our brokerage segment operations provide brokerage and consulting services to companies and entities of all types, including 
commercial, not-for-profit, public entities, and, to a lesser extent, individuals, in the areas of insurance placement, risk of loss 
management, and management of employer sponsored benefit programs.  Our risk management segment operations provide contract 
claim settlement, claim administration, loss control services and risk management consulting for commercial, not-for-profit, captive 
and public entities, and various other organizations that choose to self-insure property/casualty coverages or choose to use a third-
party claims management organization rather than the claim services provided by underwriting enterprises.  The corporate segment 
reports the financial information related to our debt and other corporate costs, clean energy investments, external acquisition-related 
expenses and the impact of foreign currency translation.  Clean energy investments consist of our investments in limited liability 
companies that own 35 commercial clean coal production facilities producing refined coal using Chem-Mod LLC’s proprietary 
technologies.  We believe these operations produce refined coal that qualifies for tax credits under IRC Section 45.   

We do not assume underwriting risk on a net basis, other than with respect to de minimis amounts necessary to provide minimum or 
regulatory capital to organize captives, pools, specialized underwriters or risk-retention groups.  Rather, capital necessary for covering 
losses is provided by underwriting enterprises. 

Investment income and other revenues are primarily generated from our premium financing operations, our invested cash and 
restricted cash we hold on behalf of our clients, as well as clean energy investments.  In addition, our share of the net earnings related 
to partially owned entities that are accounted for using the equity method is included in investment income. 

We are headquartered in Rolling Meadows, Illinois, have operations in 49 countries and offer client-service capabilities in more than 
150 countries globally through a network of correspondent insurance brokers and consultants. 

64 

 
Basis of Presentation 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include our accounts and all of our majority-owned subsidiaries (50% or greater 
ownership).  Substantially all of our investments in partially owned entities in which our ownership is less than 50% are accounted for 
using the equity method based on the legal form of our ownership interest and the applicable ownership percentage of the entity.  
However, in situations where a less than 50%-owned investment has been determined to be a VIE and we are deemed to be the 
primary beneficiary in accordance with the variable interest model of consolidation, we will consolidate the investment into our 
consolidated financial statements.  For partially owned entities accounted for using the equity method, our share of the net earnings of 
these entities is included in consolidated net earnings.  All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in 
consolidation.   

In the preparation of our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2020, management evaluated all material subsequent 
events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date on which the financial statements were issued for 
potential recognition and/or disclosure in the notes therein. 

Use of Estimates 

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes.  These accounting principles require 
us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses, and the 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our consolidated financial statements.  We periodically evaluate our 
estimates and assumptions, including those relating to the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, right-of-use assets, 
investments (including our IRC Section 45 investments), income taxes, revenue recognition, deferred costs, stock-based 
compensation, claims handling obligations, retirement plans, litigation and contingencies.  We base our estimates on historical 
experience and various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable based on specific circumstances.  Such estimates and 
assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes known, which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed 
herein. 

Revenue Recognition  

Our revenues are derived from commissions and fees as primarily specified in a written contract, or unwritten business understanding, 
with our clients or underwriting enterprises.  We also recognize investment income over time from our invested assets and invested 
assets we hold on behalf of our clients or underwriting enterprises. 

BROKERAGE SEGMENT 

Our brokerage segment generates revenues by: 

(i) 

Identifying, negotiating and placing all forms of insurance or reinsurance coverage, as well as providing risk-shifting, 
risk-sharing and risk-mitigation consulting services, principally related to property/casualty, life, health, welfare and 
disability insurance.  We also provide these services through, or in conjunction with, other unrelated agents and brokers, 
consultants and management advisors.   

(ii)  Acting as an agent or broker for multiple underwriting enterprises by providing services such as sales, marketing, 

selecting, negotiating, underwriting, servicing and placing insurance coverage on their behalf. 

(iii)  Providing consulting services related to health and welfare benefits, voluntary benefits, executive benefits, compensation, 
retirement planning, institutional investment and fiduciary, actuarial, compliance, private insurance exchange, human 
resource technology, communications and benefits administration. 

(iv)  Providing management and administrative services to captives, pools, risk-retention groups, healthcare exchanges, small 
underwriting enterprises, such as accounting, claims and loss processing assistance, feasibility studies, actuarial studies, 
data analytics and other administrative services.   

The vast majority of our brokerage contracts and service understandings are for a period of one year or less. 

65 

 
 
Commissions and fees  

The primary source of revenues for our brokerage services is commissions from underwriting enterprises, based on a percentage of 
premiums paid by our clients, or fees received from clients based on an agreed level of service usually in lieu of commissions.  These 
commissions and fees revenues are substantially recognized at a point in time on the effective date of the associated policies when 
control of the policy transfers to the client, as well as deferring certain revenues to reflect delivery of services over the contract period. 

Commissions are fixed at the contract effective date and generally are based on a percentage of premiums for insurance coverage or 
employee headcount for employer sponsored benefit plans.  Commissions depend upon a large number of factors, including the type 
of risk being placed, the particular underwriting enterprise’s demand, the expected loss experience of the particular risk of coverage, 
and historical benchmarks surrounding the level of effort necessary for us to place and service the insurance contract.  Rather than 
being tied to the amount of premiums, fees are most often based on an expected level of effort to provide our services. 

Whether we are paid a commission or a fee, the vast majority of our services are associated with the placement of an insurance (or 
insurance-like) contract.  Accordingly, we recognize approximately 80% of our commission and fee revenues on the effective date of 
the underlying insurance contract.  The amount of revenue we recognize is based on our costs to provide our services up and through 
that effective date, including an appropriate estimate of our profit margin on a portfolio basis (a practical expedient as defined in 
Topic 606).  Based on the proportion of additional services we provide in each period after the effective date of the insurance contract, 
including an appropriate estimate of our profit margin, we recognize approximately 15% of our commission and fee revenues in the 
first three months, and the remaining 5% thereafter.  These periods may be different than the underlying premium payment patterns of 
the insurance contracts, but the vast majority of our services are fully provided within one year of the insurance contract effective date. 

For consulting and advisory services, we recognize our revenue in the period in which we provide the service or advice.  For 
management and administrative services, our revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period consistent with the performance of 
our obligations, mostly over an annual term. 

Supplemental revenues 

Certain underwriting enterprises may pay us additional revenues for the volume of premium placed with them and for insights into our 
sales pipeline, our sales capabilities or our risk selection knowledge.  These amounts are in excess of the commission and fee revenues 
discussed above, and not all business we place with underwriting enterprises is eligible for supplemental revenues.  Unlike contingent 
revenues, discussed below, these revenues are primarily a fixed amount or fixed percentage of premium of the underlying eligible 
insurance contracts.  For supplemental revenue contracts based on a fixed percentage of premium, our obligation to the underwriting 
enterprise is substantially completed upon the effective date of the underlying insurance contract and revenue is fully earned at that 
time.  For supplemental revenue contracts based on a fixed amount, revenue is recognized ratably over the contract period consistent 
with the performance of our obligations, almost always over an annual term.  We receive these revenues on a quarterly or annual 
basis.     

Contingent revenues 

Certain underwriting enterprises may pay us additional revenues for our sales capabilities, our risk selection knowledge, or our 
administrative efficiencies.  These amounts are in excess of the commission or fee revenues discussed above, and not all business we 
place with participating underwriting enterprises is eligible for contingent revenues.  Unlike supplemental revenues, also discussed 
above, these revenues are variable, generally based on growth, the loss experience of the underlying insurance contracts, and/or our 
efficiency in processing the business.  We generally operate under calendar year contracts, but we do not receive these revenues from 
the underwriting enterprises until the following calendar year, generally in the first and second quarters, after verification of the 
performance indicators outlined in the contracts.  Accordingly, during each reporting period, we must make our best estimate of 
amounts we have earned using historical averages and other factors to project such revenues.  We base our estimates each period on a 
contract-by-contract basis where available.  In certain cases, it is impractical to assess a very large number of smaller contingent 
revenue contracts, so we use a historical portfolio estimate in aggregate (a practical expedient as defined in Topic 606).  Because our 
expectation of the ultimate contingent revenue amounts to be earned can vary from period to period, especially in contracts sensitive 
to loss ratios, our estimates might change significantly from quarter to quarter.  For example, in circumstances where our revenues are 
dependent on a full calendar year loss ratio, adverse loss experience in the fourth quarter could not only negate revenue earnings in the 
fourth quarter, but also trigger the need to reverse revenues previously recognized during the prior quarters.  Variable consideration is 
recognized when we conclude, based on all the facts and information available at the reporting date, that it is probable that a 
significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods.  

66 

 
Sub-brokerage costs 

Sub-brokerage costs are excluded from our gross revenues in our determination of total revenues.  Sub-brokerage cost represents 
commissions paid to sub-brokers related to the placement of certain business by our brokerage segment operations.  We recognize this 
contra revenue in the same manner as the commission revenue to which it relates. 

RISK MANAGEMENT SEGMENT 

Revenues for our risk management segment are comprised of fees generally negotiated (i) on a per-claim basis, (ii) on a cost-plus 
basis, or (iii) as performance-based fees.  We also provide risk management consulting services that are recognized as the services are 
delivered.  

Per-claim fees 

Where we operate under a contract with our fee established on a per-claim basis, our obligation is to process claims for a term 
specified within the contract.  Because it is impractical to recognize our revenues on an individual claim-by-claim basis, we recognize 
revenue plus an appropriate estimate of our profit margin on a portfolio basis by grouping claims with similar characteristics (a 
practical expedient as defined in Topic 606).  We apply actuarially-determined, historical-based patterns to determine our future 
service obligations, without applying a present value discount.   

Cost-plus fees 

Where we provide services and generate revenues on a cost-plus basis, we recognize revenue over the contract period consistent with 
the performance of our obligations.  

Performance-based fees 

Certain clients pay us additional fee revenues for our efficiency in managing claims or on the basis of claim outcome 
effectiveness.  These amounts are in excess of the fee revenues discussed above.  These revenues are variable, generally based on 
performance metrics set forth in the underlying contracts.  We generally operate under multi-year contracts with fiscal year 
measurement periods.  We do not receive these fees, if earned, until the following year after verification of the performance metrics 
outlined in the contracts.  Each period we base our estimates on a contract-by-contract basis.  We must make our best estimate of 
amounts we have earned using historical averages and other factors to project such revenues.  Variable consideration is recognized 
when we conclude that is it probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur in future periods. 

Reimbursements 

Reimbursements represent amounts received from clients reimbursing us for certain third-party costs associated with providing our 
claims management services.  In certain service partner relationships, we are considered a principal because we direct the third party, 
control the specified service and combine the services provided into an integrated solution.  Given this principal relationship, we are 
required to recognize revenue gross and service partner vendor fees in the operating expense in our consolidated statement of earnings.   

Deferred Costs 

We incur costs to provide brokerage and risk management services.  Those costs are either (i) costs to obtain a contract or (ii) costs to 
fulfill such contract, or (iii) all other costs. 

(i)  Costs to obtain - we incur costs to obtain a contract with a client.  Those costs would not have been incurred if the contract 

had not been obtained.  Almost all of our costs to obtain are incurred prior to, or on, the effective date of the contract and 
consist primarily of incentive compensation we pay to our production employees.  Our costs to obtain are expensed as 
incurred as described in Note 4 to these consolidated financial statements.   

(ii)  Costs to fulfill - we incur costs to fulfill a contract (or anticipated contract) with a client.  Those costs are incurred prior to 
the effective date of the contract and relate to fulfilling our primary placement obligations to our clients.  Our costs to 
fulfill prior to the effective date are capitalized and amortized on the effective date.  These fulfillment activities include 
collecting underwriting information from our client, assessing their insurance needs and negotiating their placement with 
one or more underwriting enterprises.  The majority of costs that we incur relate to compensation and benefits of our 
client service employees.  Costs incurred during preplacement activities are expected to be recovered in the future.  If the 
capitalized costs are no longer deemed to be recoverable, then they would be expensed. 

67 

 
(iii)  Other costs that are not costs to obtain or fulfill are expensed as incurred.  Examples include other operating costs such as 

rent, utilities, management costs, overhead costs, legal and other professional fees, technology costs, insurance related 
costs, communication and advertising, and travel and entertainment.  Depreciation, amortization and change in estimated 
acquisition earnout payable are expensed as incurred.  

Investment income 

Investment income primarily includes interest and dividend income (including interest income from our premium financing 
operations), which is accrued as it is earned.  Net gains on divestitures represent one-time gains related to sales of brokerage related 
businesses, which are primarily recognized on a cash received basis.  Revenues from clean coal activities include revenues from 
consolidated clean coal production plants, royalty income from clean coal licenses and income (loss) related to unconsolidated clean 
coal production plants, all of which are recognized as earned.  Revenues from consolidated clean coal production plants represent 
sales of refined coal.  Royalty income from clean coal licenses represents fee income related to the use of clean coal technologies.  
Income (loss) from unconsolidated clean coal production plants includes losses related to our equity portion of the pretax results of the 
clean coal production plants.   

Earnings per Share 

Basic net earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
during the reporting period.  Diluted net earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of 
common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the reporting period.  Common equivalent shares include incremental 
shares from dilutive stock options, which are calculated from the date of grant under the treasury stock method using the average 
market price for the period. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Short-term investments, consisting principally of cash and money market accounts that have average maturities of 90 days or less, are 
considered cash equivalents. 

Restricted Cash 

In our capacity as an insurance broker, we collect premiums from insureds and, after deducting our commissions and/or fees, remit 
these premiums to underwriting enterprises.  We hold unremitted insurance premiums in a fiduciary capacity until we disburse them, 
and the use of such funds is restricted by laws in certain states and foreign jurisdictions in which our subsidiaries operate.  Various 
state and foreign agencies regulate insurance brokers and provide specific requirements that limit the type of investments that may be 
made with such funds.  Accordingly, we invest these funds in cash and U.S. Treasury fund accounts.  We can earn interest income on 
these unremitted funds, which is included in investment income in the accompanying consolidated statement of earnings.  These 
unremitted amounts are reported as restricted cash in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, with the related liability reported 
as premiums payable to underwriting enterprises.  Additionally, several of our foreign subsidiaries are required by various foreign 
agencies to meet certain liquidity and solvency requirements.  We were in compliance with these requirements at December 31, 2020. 

Related to our third party administration business and in certain of our brokerage operations, we are responsible for client claim funds 
that we hold in a fiduciary capacity.  We do not earn any interest income on the funds held.  These client funds have been included in 
restricted cash, along with a corresponding liability in premiums payable to underwriting enterprises in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheet. 

Premiums and fees receivable 

Premiums and fees receivable in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet are net of allowances for estimated policy cancellations 
and doubtful accounts.  The allowance for estimated policy cancellations was $9.9 million and $8.3 million at December 31, 2020 and 
2019, respectively, which represents a reserve for future reversals in commission and fee revenues related to the potential cancellation 
of client insurance policies that were in force as of each year end.  The allowance for doubtful accounts was $10.1 million and 
$8.7 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  We establish the allowance for estimated policy cancellations through a 
charge to revenues and the allowance for doubtful accounts through a charge to operating expenses.  Both of these allowances are 
based on estimates and assumptions using historical data to project future experience.  Such estimates and assumptions could change 
in the future as more information becomes known which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.  We periodically 
review the adequacy of these allowances and make adjustments as necessary.   

68 

 
Derivative Instruments 

We are exposed to market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.  To manage the risk related to 
these exposures, we enter into various derivative instruments that reduce these risks by creating offsetting exposures.  In the normal 
course of business, we are exposed to the impact of foreign currency fluctuations that impact our results of operations and cash flows.  
We utilize a foreign currency risk management program involving foreign currency derivatives that consist of several monthly put/call 
options designed to hedge a portion of our future foreign currency disbursements through various future payment dates.  To mitigate 
the counterparty credit risk we only enter into contracts with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other 
factors.  These derivative instrument contracts are cash flow hedges that qualify for hedge accounting and primarily hedge against 
fluctuations between changes in the GBP and Indian Rupee versus the U.S. dollar.  Changes in fair value of the derivative instruments 
are reflected in other comprehensive earnings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  The impact of the hedge at maturity is 
recognized in the income statement as a component of investment income, compensation and operating expenses depending on the 
nature of the hedged item.  We enter into various long-term debt agreements.  We use interest rate derivatives, typically swaps, to 
reduce our exposure to the effects of interest rate fluctuations on the forecasted interest rates for up to three years into the future.  
These derivative instrument contracts are periodically monitored for hedge ineffectiveness, the amount of which has not been material 
to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.  We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.   

Premium Financing 

Seven subsidiaries of the brokerage segment make short-term loans (generally with terms of twelve months or less) to our clients to 
finance premiums.  These premium financing contracts are structured to minimize potential bad debt expense to us.  Such receivables 
are generally considered delinquent after seven days of the payment due date.  In normal course, insurance policies are cancelled 
within one month of the contractual payment due date if the payment remains delinquent.  We recognize interest income as it is earned 
over the life of the contract using the “level-yield” method.  Unearned interest related to contracts receivable is included in the 
receivable balance in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  The outstanding loan receivable balance was $442.7 million and 
$388.1 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

Fixed Assets 

We carry fixed assets at cost, less accumulated depreciation, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  We periodically review 
long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets 
may not be recoverable.  Under those circumstances, if the fair value were less than the carrying amount of the asset, we would 
recognize a loss for the difference.  Depreciation for fixed assets is computed using the straight-line method over the following 
estimated useful lives: 

Office equipment 
Furniture and fixtures 
Computer equipment 
Building 
Software 
Refined fuel plants 
Leasehold improvements 

Intangible Assets 

Useful Life 

Three to ten years
Three to ten years
Three to five years
Fifteen to forty years
Three to five years
Ten years
Shorter of the lease term or useful life of the asset

Intangible assets represent the excess of cost over the estimated fair value of net tangible assets of acquired businesses.  Our primary 
intangible assets are classified as either goodwill, expiration lists, non-compete agreements or trade names.  Expiration lists, non-
compete agreements and trade names are amortized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives (two to fifteen 
years for expiration lists, two to six years for non-compete agreements and two to fifteen years for trade names), while goodwill is not 
subject to amortization.  The establishment of goodwill, expiration lists, non-compete agreements and trade names and the 
determination of estimated useful lives are primarily based on valuations we receive from qualified independent appraisers.  The 
calculations of these amounts are based on estimates and assumptions using historical and projected financial information and 
recognized valuation methods.  Different estimates or assumptions could produce different results.  We carry identifiable intangible 
assets at cost, less accumulated amortization, in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We review all of our intangible assets for impairment periodically (at least annually for goodwill) and whenever events or changes in 
business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable.  We perform such impairment reviews at 
the division (i.e., reporting unit) level with respect to goodwill and at the business unit level for amortizable intangible assets.  While 
goodwill is not amortizable, it is tested for impairment at least annually in the fourth quarter, and more frequently if there are 
indicators of impairment or whenever business circumstances suggest that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.  We 
may initially perform a qualitative analysis to determine if it is more likely than not that the goodwill balance is impaired.  If a 
qualitative assessment is not performed or if a determination is made that it is not more likely than not that the value of the reporting 
unit exceeds its carrying amount, then we will perform a quantitative analysis.  The fair value of each reporting unit is compared to its 
carrying value.  If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a non-cash impairment charge is recognized for the 
amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value with the loss not exceeding the total amount of goodwill 
allocated to that reporting unit.  We completed our 2020 annual assessment in the fourth quarter and concluded goodwill was not 
impaired, as the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value. 

The carrying value of amortizable intangible assets attributable to each business or asset group is periodically reviewed by 
management to determine if there are events or changes in circumstances that would indicate that its carrying amount may not be 
recoverable.  Accordingly, if there are any such changes in circumstances during the year, we assess the carrying value of the 
amortizable intangible assets by considering the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by the corresponding business or 
asset group.  Any impairment identified through this assessment may require that the carrying value of related amortizable intangible 
assets be adjusted and charged against current period earnings as a component of amortization expense.  Based on the results of 
impairment reviews in 2020, 2019 and 2018, we wrote off $51.7 million, $0.1 million and $10.6 million, respectively, of amortizable 
intangible assets primarily related to prior year acquisitions of our brokerage and risk management segments, which is included in 
amortization expense in the accompanying consolidated statement of earnings.  The determinations of impairment indicators and fair 
value are based on estimates and assumptions related to the amount and timing of future cash flows and future interest rates.  Such 
estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more information becomes known which could impact the amounts reported 
and disclosed herein. 

Income Taxes 

Our tax rate reflects the statutory tax rates applicable to our taxable earnings and tax planning in the various jurisdictions in which we 
operate.  Significant judgment is required in determining the annual effective tax rate and in evaluating uncertain tax positions.  We 
report a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in our tax return.  
We evaluate our tax positions using a two-step process.  The first step involves recognition.  We determine whether it is more likely 
than not that a tax position will be sustained upon tax examination based solely on the technical merits of the position.  The technical 
merits of a tax position are derived from both statutory and judicial authority (legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, 
rulings and case law) and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the position.  If a tax position does not meet the “more 
likely than not” recognition threshold, we do not recognize the benefit of that position in the financial statements.  The second step is 
measurement.  A tax position that meets the “more likely than not” recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of 
benefit to recognize in the financial statements.  The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that has a likelihood of 
greater than 50% of being realized upon ultimate resolution with a taxing authority.  

Uncertain tax positions are measured based upon the facts and circumstances that exist at each reporting period and involve significant 
management judgment.  Subsequent changes in judgment based upon new information may lead to changes in recognition, 
derecognition and measurement.  Adjustments may result, for example, upon resolution of an issue with the taxing authorities, or 
expiration of a statute of limitations barring an assessment for an issue.  We recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to 
unrecognized tax benefits in our provision for income taxes.   

Tax law requires certain items to be included in our tax returns at different times than such items are reflected in the financial 
statements.  As a result, the annual tax expense reflected in our consolidated statements of earnings is different than that reported in 
our tax returns.  Some of these differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax returns, and some 
differences are temporary and reverse over time, such as depreciation expense and amortization expense deductible for income tax 
purposes.  Temporary differences create deferred tax assets and liabilities.  Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense 
recognized in the financial statements for which a tax payment has been deferred, or expense which has been deducted in the tax 
return but has not yet been recognized in the financial statements.  Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a 
tax deduction or credit in tax returns in future years for which a benefit has already been recorded in the financial statements.   

We establish or adjust valuation allowances for deferred tax assets when we estimate that it is more likely than not that future taxable 
income will be insufficient to fully use a deduction or credit in a specific jurisdiction.  In assessing the need for the recognition of a 
valuation allowance for deferred tax assets, we consider whether it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax 
assets will not be realized and adjust the valuation allowance accordingly.  We evaluate all significant available positive and negative 

70 

 
evidence as part of our analysis.  Negative evidence includes the existence of losses in recent years.  Positive evidence includes the 
forecast of future taxable income by jurisdiction, tax-planning strategies that would result in the realization of deferred tax assets and 
the presence of taxable income in prior carryback years.  The underlying assumptions we use in forecasting future taxable income 
require significant judgment and take into account our recent performance.  Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future 
as more information becomes known which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.  The ultimate realization of 
deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences are 
deductible or creditable. 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

Fair value accounting establishes a framework for measuring fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell an 
asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (i.e., an exit price).  
This framework includes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to the valuation technique used to measure fair value.   

The classification of a financial instrument within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of 
an asset or liability on the measurement date.  The three levels of the hierarchy in order of priority of inputs to the valuation technique 
are defined as follows: 

 

 

 

Level 1 - Valuations are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments; 

Level 2 - Valuations are based on quoted market prices, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, in markets that are 
not active or on inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for the full term of the financial instrument; and 

Level 3 - Valuations are based on pricing or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and 
significant to the overall fair value measurement of the financial instrument.  Such inputs may reflect management’s own 
assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the financial instrument. 

The level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is classified is determined based on the lowest level 
input that is significant to the fair value measure in its entirety.  

The carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet for cash and cash 
equivalents, restricted cash, premiums and fees receivable, other current assets, premiums payable to underwriting enterprises, accrued 
compensation and other accrued liabilities and deferred revenue - current, at December 31, 2020 and 2019, approximate fair value 
because of the short-term duration of these instruments.  See Note 3 to these consolidated financial statements for the fair values 
related to the establishment of intangible assets and the establishment and adjustment of earnout payables.  See Note 8 to these 
consolidated financial statements for the fair values related to borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019 under our debt 
agreements.  See Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements for the fair values related to investments at December 31, 2020 
and 2019 under our defined benefit pension plan.   

Litigation 

We are the defendant in various legal actions related to claims, lawsuits and proceedings incident to the nature of our business.  We 
record liabilities for loss contingencies, including legal costs (such as fees and expenses of external lawyers and other service 
providers) to be incurred, when it is probable that a liability has been incurred on or before the balance sheet date and the amount of 
the liability can be reasonably estimated.  We do not discount such contingent liabilities.  To the extent recovery of such losses and 
legal costs is probable under our insurance programs, we record estimated recoveries concurrently with the losses recognized.  
Significant management judgment is required to estimate the amounts of such contingent liabilities and the related insurance 
recoveries.  In order to assess our potential liability, we analyze our litigation exposure based on available information, including 
consultation with outside counsel handling the defense of these matters.  As these liabilities are uncertain by their nature, the recorded 
amounts may change due to a variety of different factors, including new developments in, or changes in approach, such as changing 
the settlement strategy as applicable to each matter.   

Retention bonus arrangements 

In connection with the hiring and retention of both new talent and experienced personnel, including our senior management, brokers 
and other key personnel, we have entered into various agreements with key employees setting up the conditions for the cash payment 
of certain retention bonuses.  These bonuses are an incentive for these employees to remain with the company, for a fixed period of 
time, to allow us to capitalize on their knowledge and experience.  We have various forms of retention bonus arrangements; some are 
paid up front and some are paid at the end of the term, but all are contingent upon successfully completing a minimum period of 
employment.  A retention bonus that is paid to an employee upfront that is contingent on a certain minimum period of employment, 

71 

 
will be initially classified as a prepaid asset and amortized to compensation expense as the future services are rendered over the 
duration of the stay period.  A retention bonus that is paid to an employee at the end of the term that is contingent on a certain 
minimum period of employment, will be accrued as a liability through compensation expense as the future services are rendered over 
the duration of the stay period.  If an employee leaves prior to the required time frame to earn the retention bonus outright, then all or 
any portion that is ultimately unearned or refundable, and recovered by the company if prepaid, is forfeited and reversed through 
compensation expense. 

Stock-Based Compensation 

We have several employee equity-settled and cash-settled share-based compensation plans.  Equity-settled share-based payments to 
employees include grants of stock options, performance stock units and restricted stock units and are measured based on estimated 
grant date fair value.  We have elected to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options on 
the dates of grant.  Performance stock units are measured on the probable outcome of the performance conditions applicable to each 
grant.  Restricted stock units are measured based on the fair market values of the underlying stock on the dates of grant.  Shares are 
issued on the vesting dates net of the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements, as applicable, to be paid by us on behalf of our 
employees.  As a result, the actual number of shares issued will be fewer than the actual number of performance stock units and 
restricted stock units outstanding.  Furthermore, we record the liability for withholding amounts to be paid by us as a reduction to 
additional paid-in capital when paid.   

Cash-settled share-based payments to employees include awards under our Performance Unit Program and stock appreciation rights.  
The fair value of the amount payable to employees in respect of cash-settled share-based payments is recognized as compensation 
expense, with a corresponding increase in liabilities, over the vesting period.  The liability is remeasured at each reporting date and at 
settlement date.  Any changes in fair value of the liability are recognized as compensation expense. 

We recognize share-based compensation expense over the requisite service period for awards expected to ultimately vest.  Forfeitures 
are estimated on the date of grant and revised if actual or expected forfeiture activity differs from original estimates. 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan 

We have an employee stock purchase plan (which we refer to as the ESPP), under which the sale of 8.0 million shares of our common 
stock has been authorized.  Eligible employees may contribute up to 15% of their compensation towards the quarterly purchase of our 
common stock at a purchase price equal to 95% of the lesser of the fair market value of our common stock on the first business day or 
the last business day of the quarterly offering period.  Eligible employees may annually purchase shares of our common stock with an 
aggregate fair market value of up to $25,000 (measured as of the first day of each quarterly offering period of each calendar year), 
provided that no employee may purchase more than 2,000 shares of our common stock under the ESPP during any calendar year.  At 
December 31, 2020, 6.0 million shares of our common stock was reserved for future issuance under the ESPP. 

Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans 

We recognize in our consolidated balance sheet, an asset for our defined benefit postretirement plans’ overfunded status or a liability 
for our plans’ underfunded status.  We recognize changes in the funded status of our defined benefit postretirement plans in 
comprehensive earnings in the year in which the changes occur.  We use December 31 as the measurement date for our plans’ assets 
and benefit obligations.  See Note 13 to these consolidated financial statements for additional information required to be disclosed 
related to our defined benefit postretirement plans. 

72 

 
 
 
 
2. Effect of New Accounting Pronouncements 

Leases 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).  Under this new accounting guidance, an entity is required 
to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing 
arrangements.  Topic 842 was subsequently amended by various standards, including ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements 
to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements.  This new guidance offers specific accounting guidance for a 
lessee, a lessor and sale and leaseback transactions.  Lessees and lessors are required to disclose qualitative and quantitative 
information about leasing arrangements to enable a user of the financial statements to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of 
cash flows arising from leases.  This new guidance is effective for first quarter 2019, and requires a modified retrospective adoption, 
applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application, with early adoption permitted.  An entity may choose 
to use the standard’s effective date, rather than the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, as the date of initial 
application.  An entity would record the effects of initially applying the new guidance as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained 
earnings.  Consequently, an entity’s reporting for the comparative periods presented in the year of adoption would continue to be in 
accordance with the current guidance, including the current disclosure requirements. 

We adopted ASC Topic 842 for all leases effective January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach allowing us to initially 
apply the new lease standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained 
earnings in the first quarter of 2019.  Consequently, the reporting for the comparative prior year periods presented in 2019 will 
continue to be in accordance with the previous lease guidance under ASC Topic 840, including comparative disclosure requirements.  
We elected the package of practical expedients to carry forward historical identification and classification of leases that commenced 
before January 1, 2019 and to not re-assess initial direct costs for leases commencing before January 1, 2019.  We also elected the 
lessee practical expedient, by class of underlying asset (e.g., office space), to not separate non-lease components such as lessor-
provided maintenance and property management services from the associated lease component.  The new lease accounting standard 
requires us to recognize lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on our balance sheet, which are established at the inception of a 
lease by computing a net present value of the future lease payments.  Right-of-use assets are amortized to expense, and the discount 
amount related to lease liabilities is accreted to expense, over the lease term.  The amortization of the right-of-use asset is calculated as 
the difference between the straight-line lease expense and the interest calculated on the lease liability.  Rent payments are applied 
against the lease liabilities.  Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of net right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of 
approximately $379.6 million and $420.3 million, respectively, and the reclassification of net rent related assets and liabilities of 
$38.3 million as of January 1, 2019.  The difference between the additional lease assets and lease liabilities, net of the deferred tax 
impact, was recorded as a decrease to beginning retained earnings of $2.4 million.  The adoption of the new standard had a de minimis 
impact on our consolidated statement of earnings and had no impact on our consolidated statement of cash flows.  See Notes 15 and 
17 to these 2020 consolidated financial statements for details on our current lease arrangements, the amounts of which represent the 
future undiscounted commitments.  

Credit Impairment 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326):  Measurement of Credit Losses 
on Financial Instruments.  Under the new guidance an entity is required to measure all credit losses on certain financial instruments, 
including trade receivables and various off-balance sheet credit exposures, using an expected credit loss model.  This model 
incorporates past experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts affecting collectability of these instruments.  
An entity will apply the new guidance through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of 
adoption.  We adopted this new guidance effective January 1, 2020 and applied the guidance to measure credit losses on our financial 
instruments, which included premiums and fees receivable, premium finance advances and reinsurance recoverables.  The adoption 
did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

Disclosure Framework 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820):  Disclosure Framework - Changes to the 
Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.  This new guidance modifies various disclosure requirements for fair value 
measurements, including in certain part those related to Level 3 fair value measurements.  The new guidance was effective January 1, 
2020.  Certain portions of the guidance needed to be adopted prospectively while other portions were required to be adopted 
retrospectively for all periods presented. 

73 

 
 
 
 
In August 2018, the FASB also issued ASU No. 2018-14, Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General 
(Topic 715-20):  Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans.  This new guidance 
modifies various disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans.  The new 
guidance was effective January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted.  Retrospective adoption is required. 

We adopted both of the standards effective January 1, 2020.  The adoption did not have any impact on our consolidated financial 
statements. 

Hedge Accounting 

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for 
Hedging Activities.  The new guidance amends the hedge accounting model in the current guidance to enable entities to better portray 
the economics of their risk management activities in the financial statements and enhance the transparency and understandability of 
hedge results.  The new guidance requires revised tabular disclosures that focus on the effect of hedge accounting by income statement 
line and the disclosure of the cumulative basis adjustments to the hedged assets and liabilities in fair value hedges.  Certain additional 
disclosures are also required for hedge relationships designated under the last-of-layer method.  The current guidance that requires 
entities to disclose hedge ineffectiveness has been eliminated because this amount will no longer be separately measured.  Under the 
new guidance, entities will apply the amendments to cash flow and net investment hedge relationships that exist on the date of 
adoption using a modified retrospective approach (i.e., with a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to the opening balance of 
retained earnings as of the initial application date).  The new guidance also provides transition relief to make it easier for entities to 
apply certain amendments to existing hedges (including fair value hedges) where the hedge documentation needs to be modified.  The 
presentation and disclosure requirements will be applied prospectively. 

We adopted ASU 2017-12 on January 1, 2019.  In accordance with the transition provisions of ASU 2017-12, we modified the 
recognition model for the excluded component from a mark-to-market approach to an amortization approach for our cash flow hedges 
with forward points existing as of the adoption date.  The cumulative-effect related to this change resulted in an adjustment of 
$0.2 million that reduced accumulated other comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment that increased retained earnings.  
See Note 16 for disclosures relating to our derivative and hedging activities. 

Intangibles - Goodwill and Other 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):  Simplifying the Test for Goodwill 
Impairment.  The new guidance eliminates Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test.  Instead, the updated guidance requires an entity to 
perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to its carrying value, and 
recognizing a non-cash impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value with the 
loss not exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.  We adopted this new guidance effective January 1, 
2020.  The adoption did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

Internal-use Software 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40):  
Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.  This new 
accounting guidance requires deferral of certain implementation costs associated with a cloud computing arrangement, or hosting 
arrangement, thereby aligning deferral of such costs with implementation costs associated with developing internal-use software.  
Accounting for the service component of a hosting arrangement remains unchanged.  An entity will defer these implementation costs 
over the term of the hosting arrangement, including optional renewal periods that are reasonably certain of exercise.  Amounts 
expensed would be presented through operating expense, rather than depreciation or amortization.  The new guidance was effective 
January 1, 2020.  An entity may adopt the guidance either prospectively for all cloud computing arrangement implementation costs 
incurred on or after the effective date or retrospectively, including comparative periods.  We adopted this new guidance effective 
January 1, 2020 on a prospective basis.  The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

74 

 
3.  Business Combinations 

During 2020, we acquired substantially all of the net assets of the following firms in exchange for our common stock and/or cash.  
These acquisitions have been accounted for using the acquisition method for recording business combinations (in millions, except 
share data): 

Name and Effective Date of Acquisition 

Capsicum Reinsurance 
   Brokers LLP (CRB) 
      January 1, 2020 
Hanover Excess & Surplus, Inc. 
   and Hanover 
   Premium Finance, Inc. (HES) 
      January 1, 2020 
CRES Insurance Services, LLC 
   (CRES) 
      June 1, 2020 
Optimum Talent Inc.  (OTI) 
   November 1, 2020 
Cool Insuring Agency, Inc.  (CIA) 
   December 1, 2020 
Harden & Associates, Inc.  (HAI) 
   December 1, 2020 
Ashton Tiffany, LLC (AT) 
   December 31, 2020 
Twenty other acquisitions 
   completed in 2020 

Common 
Shares 
Issued       
   (000s)         

Common 
Share 
Value 

Cash 
Paid 

Accrued 
Liability       

Escrow 
Deposited      

Recorded 
Earnout 
Payable       

Total 
Recorded 
Purchase 
Price 

Maximum 
Potential 
Earnout 
Payable    

584     $ 

62.9     $ 

64.5     $ 

-     $ 

-     $  129.9     $  257.3     $  209.1   

-       

-       

30.1       

-       

3.0       

-       

33.1       

9.3   

288       

28.5       

1.5       

-       

1.0       

5.5       

36.5       

7.3   

102       

11.1       

14.1       

-       

3.4       

14.0       

42.6       

21.1   

406       

48.4       

65.0       

-       

7.2       

8.5       

129.1       

30.0   

49       

-       

95.6       

-       

6.2       

10.0       

111.8       

22.5   

-       

-       

48.3       

48.2       

-       

9.0       

105.5       

20.0   

414       

79.2       
     1,843     $  189.7     $  398.3     $ 

38.8       

1.8       
50.0     $ 

9.9       

68.6   
30.7     $  207.4     $  876.1     $  387.9   

160.2       

30.5       

On December 23, 2020, we signed a definitive agreement to acquire 100% of the equity of The Bollington Wilson Group (which we 
refer to as Bollington) headquartered in Sale, Greater Manchester, U.K., for approximately $330.0 million of cash 
consideration.  Bollington is a specialist U.K. insurance broker that has more than 400 employees and operates from a network of 
seven offices in the U.K.  The transaction is subject to regulatory approval, which was received on January 26, 2021, and is expected 
to close in February 2021. 

Common shares issued in connection with acquisitions are valued at closing market prices as of the effective date of the applicable 
acquisition or on the days when the shares are issued, if purchase consideration is deferred.  We record escrow deposits that are 
returned to us as a result of adjustments to net assets acquired as reductions of goodwill when the escrows are settled.  The maximum 
potential earnout payables disclosed in the foregoing table represent the maximum amount of additional consideration that could be 
paid pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement for the applicable acquisition.  The amounts recorded as earnout payables, which 
are primarily based upon the estimated future operating results of the acquired entities over a two- to three-year period subsequent to 
the acquisition date, are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date and are included on that basis in the recorded purchase price 
consideration in the foregoing table.  The $48.2 million accrued liability related to Ashton Tiffany in the foregoing table may be 
settled using shares of our common stock in early February 2021.  We will record subsequent changes in these estimated earnout 
obligations, including the accretion of discount, in our consolidated statement of earnings when incurred. 

The fair value of these earnout obligations is based on the present value of the expected future payments to be made to the sellers of 
the acquired entities in accordance with the provisions outlined in the respective purchase agreements, which is a Level 3 fair value 
measurement.  In determining fair value, we estimated the acquired entity’s future performance using financial projections developed 
by management for the acquired entity and market participant assumptions that were derived for revenue growth and/or profitability.  
Revenue growth rates generally ranged from 2.5% to 15.0% for our 2020 acquisitions.  We estimated future payments using the 
earnout formula and performance targets specified in each purchase agreement and the financial projections just described.  We then 
discounted these payments to present value using a risk-adjusted rate that takes into consideration market-based rates of return that 
reflect the ability of the acquired entity to achieve the targets.  The discount rates generally ranged from 6.0% to 9.0% for our 2020 

75 

 
 
  
     
     
     
  
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
  
 
acquisitions.  Changes in financial projections, market participant assumptions for revenue growth and/or profitability, or the risk-
adjusted discount rate, would result in a change in the fair value of recorded earnout obligations.   

During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized $32.5 million, $27.0 million and $18.8 million, respectively, of expense in our 
consolidated statement of earnings related to the accretion of the discount recorded for earnout obligations in connection with our 
acquisitions.  In addition, during 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized $65.4 million, $11.7 million and $9.2 million of income, 
respectively, related to net adjustments in the estimated fair value of the liability for earnout obligations in connection with revised 
projections of future performance for 135, 116 and 112 acquisitions, respectively. The aggregate amount of maximum earnout 
obligations related to acquisitions made in 2017 and subsequent years was $1,128.1 million as of December 31, 2020, of which 
$592.2 million was recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as of that date based on the estimated fair value of the expected future 
payments to be made, of which approximately $493.7 million can be settled in cash or stock at our option and $98.5 million must be 
settled in cash.  The aggregate amount of maximum earnout obligations related to acquisitions made in 2016 and subsequent years was 
$982.9 million as of December 31, 2019, of which $565.0 million was recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as of that date based 
on the estimated fair value of the expected future payments to be made.   

The following is a summary of the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired at the date of each acquisition made in 2020 
(in millions): 

Cash and restricted 
   cash 
Other current assets 
Fixed assets 
Noncurrent assets 
Goodwill 
Expiration lists 
Non-compete 
   agreements 
Trade names 

Total assets 
   acquired 
Current liabilities 
Noncurrent 
   liabilities 

Total liabilities 
   assumed 
Total net assets 
   acquired 

CRB 

HES 

      CRES 

OTI 

CIA 

HAI 

AT 

Twenty 
Other 
Acquisitions      

Total 

   $ 

-      $ 
-        
-        
7.6        
108.4        
133.7        

3.3     $ 
1.0       
-       
0.8       
19.1       
13.7       

4.3      $ 
12.4        
-        
-        
21.3        
13.9        

0.6      $ 
3.0        
0.9        
6.7        
25.4        
18.3        

4.2      $ 
28.8        
0.1        
0.9        
58.9        
56.2        

2.3      $ 
9.0        
1.1        
6.4        
45.7        
62.5        

6.0      $ 
8.6        
0.5        
2.1        
14.8        
78.2        

13.3      $ 
25.2        
0.6        
3.1        
66.0        
90.7        

34.0   
88.0   
3.2   
27.6   
359.6   
467.2   

2.9        
4.7        

0.1       
-       

-        
0.3        

0.4        
-        

0.8        
7.5        

0.7        
-        

5.8        
-        

0.7        
-        

11.4   
12.5   

257.3        
-        

38.0       
4.4       

52.2        
15.7        

55.3        
5.2        

157.4        
28.1        

127.7        
9.5        

116.0        
8.4        

199.6         1,003.5   
103.6   
32.3        

-        

0.5       

-        

7.5        

0.2        

6.4        

2.1        

7.1        

23.8   

-        

4.9       

15.7        

12.7        

28.3        

15.9        

10.5        

39.4        

127.4   

   $  257.3      $ 

33.1     $ 

36.5      $ 

42.6      $  129.1      $  111.8      $  105.5      $ 

160.2      $  876.1   

Among other things, these acquisitions allow us to expand into desirable geographic locations, further extend our presence in the retail 
and wholesale insurance and reinsurance brokerage services markets and increase the volume of general services currently provided.  
The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the tangible net assets acquired at the acquisition date was allocated 
to goodwill, expiration lists, non-compete agreements and trade names in the amounts of $359.6 million, $467.2 million, $11.4 million 
and $12.5 million, respectively, within the brokerage management segment.   

Provisional estimates of fair value are established at the time of each acquisition and are subsequently reviewed within the first year of 
operations subsequent to the acquisition date to determine the necessity for adjustments.  Fair value estimates were provisional for 
some of the 2020 acquisitions as of December 31, 2020.  Fair value adjustments, if any, are most common to the values established for 
amortizable intangible assets and earnout liabilities, with the offset to goodwill.  The fair value of the tangible assets and liabilities for 
each applicable acquisition at the acquisition date approximated their carrying values.  The fair value of expiration lists was 
established using the excess earnings method, which is an income approach based on estimated financial projections developed by 
management for each acquired entity using market participant assumptions.  Revenue growth and attrition rates generally ranged from 
1.5% to 4.1% and 5.0% to 15.7% for our 2020 and 2019 acquisitions, respectively, for which valuations were performed in 2020.  We 
estimate the fair value as the present value of the benefits anticipated from ownership of the subject expiration list in excess of returns 
required on the investment in contributory assets necessary to realize those benefits.  The rate used to discount the net benefits was 

76 

 
 
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
based on a risk-adjusted rate that takes into consideration market-based rates of return and reflects the risk of the asset relative to the 
acquired business.  These discount rates generally ranged from 9.0% to 13.5% for our 2020 and 2019 acquisitions, for which 
valuations were performed in 2020.  The fair value of non-compete agreements was established using the profit differential method, 
which is an income approach based on estimated financial projections developed by management for the acquired company using 
market participant assumptions and various non-compete scenarios. 

Expiration lists, non-compete agreements and trade names related to our acquisitions are amortized using the straight-line method over 
their estimated useful lives (two to fifteen years for expiration lists, two to six years for non-compete agreements and two to fifteen 
years for trade names), while goodwill is not subject to amortization.  We use the straight-line method to amortize these intangible 
assets because the pattern of their economic benefits cannot be reasonably determined with any certainty.  We review all of our 
identifiable intangible assets for impairment periodically (at least annually) and whenever events or changes in business circumstances 
indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable.  In reviewing identifiable intangible assets, if the undiscounted 
future cash flows were less than the carrying amount of the respective (or underlying) asset, an indicator of impairment would exist 
and further analysis would be required to determine whether or not a loss would need to be charged against current period earnings as 
a component of amortization expense.  Based on the results of impairment reviews in 2020, 2019 and 2018, we wrote off 
$51.7 million, $0.1 million and $10.6 million, respectively, of amortizable intangible assets related to the brokerage and risk 
management segments.   

Of the $467.2 million of expiration lists, $11.4 million of non-compete agreements and $12.5 million of trade names related to the 
2020 acquisitions, $29.0 million, $0.6 million and zero, respectively, is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.  
Accordingly, we recorded a deferred tax liability of $3.9 million, and a corresponding amount of goodwill, in 2020 related to the 
nondeductible amortizable intangible assets.   

Our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2020 include the operations of the acquired entities from their 
respective acquisition dates.  The following is a summary of the unaudited pro forma historical results, as if these entities had been 
acquired at January 1, 2019 (in millions, except per share data): 

Total revenues 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Basic net earnings per share 
Diluted net earnings per share 

   $ 

Year Ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

7,108.7      $ 
817.6        
4.26        
4.17        

7,352.7   
670.5   
3.57   
3.49   

The unaudited pro forma results above have been prepared for comparative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of the 
results of operations which actually would have resulted had these acquisitions occurred at January 1, 2019, nor are they necessarily 
indicative of future operating results.  Annualized revenues of entities acquired in 2020 totaled approximately $251.4 million.  Total 
revenues and net earnings recorded in our consolidated statement of earnings for 2020 related to the 2020 acquisitions in the 
aggregate, were $52.7 million and $5.2 million, respectively. 

4.  Contracts with Customers 

Contract Assets and Liabilities/Contract Balances  

Information about unbilled receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers is as follows (in millions): 

Unbilled receivables 
Deferred contract costs 
Deferred revenue 

   December 31, 2020        December 31, 2019    
556.4   
  $ 
98.3   
503.8   

603.1   
102.0   
541.3   

 $ 

The unbilled receivables, which are included in premium and fees receivable in our consolidated balance sheet, primarily relate to our 
rights to consideration for work completed but not billed at the reporting date.  These are transferred to the receivables when the client is 
billed.  The deferred contract costs represent the costs we incur to fulfill a new or renewal contract with our clients prior to the effective 
date of the contract.  These costs are expensed on the contract effective date.  The deferred revenue in the consolidated balance sheet 
included amounts that represent the remaining performance obligations under our contracts and amounts collected related to advanced 
billings and deposits received from customers that may or may not ultimately be recognized as revenues in the future.  Deposits received 
from customers could be returned to the customers based on lesser actual transactional volume than originally billed volume.  

77 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
 
 
  
    
   
    
   
 
Significant changes in the deferred revenue balances, which include foreign currency translation adjustments, during the period are as 
follows (in millions): 

Deferred revenue at December 31, 2018 
Incremental deferred revenue 
Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 
   2019 included in deferred revenue at December 31, 2018 
Net change in collected billings/deposits received from customers 
Impact of changes in foreign exchange rates 
Deferred revenue recognized from business acquisitions 
Deferred revenue at December 31, 2019 
Incremental deferred revenue 
Revenue recognized during the year ended December 31, 
   2020 included in deferred revenue at December 31, 2019 
Net change in collected billings/deposits received from customers 
Impact of changes in foreign exchange rates 
Deferred revenue recognized from business acquisitions 
Deferred revenue at December 31, 2020 

Brokerage 

Risk 
Management 

Total 

   $ 

284.7      $ 
254.7        

173.0      $ 
109.6        

(227.5 )      
(6.7 )      
1.4        
30.6        
337.2        
282.7        

(283.1 )      
(0.7 )      
8.7        
9.9        
354.7      $ 

(122.0 )      
5.6        
0.4        
—        
166.6        
91.3        

(99.2 )      
26.3        
1.6        
—        
186.6      $ 

   $ 

457.7   
364.3   

(349.5 ) 
(1.1 ) 
1.8   
30.6   
503.8   
374.0   

(382.3 ) 
25.6   
10.3   
9.9   
541.3   

Revenue recognized during 2020 in the table above included revenue from 2019 acquisitions that would not be reflected in prior years. 

Remaining Performance Obligations 

Remaining performance obligations represent the portion of the contract price for which work has not been performed.  As of 
December 31, 2020, the aggregate amount of the contract price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $541.3 million.   

The estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially 
unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period is as follows (in millions): 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Thereafter 
Total 

Deferred Contract Costs 

Brokerage 

Risk 
Management 

Total 

   $ 

   $ 

328.4      $ 
23.6        
1.4        
0.6        
0.4        
0.3        
354.7      $ 

122.8      $ 
31.2        
14.2        
6.5        
4.0        
7.9        
186.6      $ 

451.2   
54.8   
15.6   
7.1   
4.4   
8.2   
541.3   

We capitalize costs incurred to fulfill contracts as “deferred contract costs” which are included in other current assets in our consolidated 
balance sheet.  Deferred contract costs were $102.0 million and $98.3 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  
Capitalized fulfillment costs are amortized to expense on the contract effective date.  The amount of amortization of the deferred contract 
costs was $388.4 million and $355.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. 

We have applied the practical expedient to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the 
amortization period of the assets that we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less for our brokerage segment.  These costs are 
included in compensation and operating expenses in our consolidated statement of earnings.  

78 

 
 
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
 
5.  Other Financial Data 

Other Current Assets 

Major classes of other current assets consist of the following (in millions): 

Premium finance advances and loans 
Accrued supplemental, direct bill and other receivables 
Refined coal production related receivables 
Deferred contract costs 
Prepaid expenses 
Total other current assets 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

442.7      $ 
361.7        
95.4        
102.0        
112.1        
1,113.9      $ 

388.1   
369.1   
103.4   
98.3   
115.5   
1,074.4   

The premium finance advances and loans represent short-term loans which we make to many of our brokerage related clients and 
other non-brokerage clients to finance their premiums paid to underwriting enterprises.  These premium finance advances and loans 
are primarily generated by three Australian and New Zealand premium finance subsidiaries.  Financing receivables are carried at 
amortized cost.  Given that these receivables carry a fairly rapid delinquency period of only seven days post payment date, and that 
contractually the majority of the underlying insurance policies will be cancelled within one month of the payment due date in normal 
course, there historically has been a minimal risk of not receiving payment, and therefore we do not maintain any significant 
allowance for losses against this balance.   

6.  Fixed Assets  

Major classes of fixed assets consist of the following (in millions): 

Office equipment 
Furniture and fixtures 
Leasehold improvements 
Computer equipment 
Land and buildings - corporate headquarters 
Software 
Other 
Work in process 

Accumulated depreciation 
Net fixed assets 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

33.0      $ 
138.3        
166.0        
214.2        
145.1        
452.2        
16.7        
14.1        
1,179.6        
(728.9 )      
450.7      $ 

32.6   
126.0   
150.2   
176.3   
144.9   
392.3   
19.0   
18.0   
1,059.3   
(591.9 ) 
467.4   

The amounts in work in process in the table above primarily are for capitalized expenditures incurred related to IT development 
projects in 2020 and 2019.   

79 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
     
     
 
7.  Intangible Assets 

The carrying amount of goodwill at December 31, 2020 and 2019 allocated by domestic and foreign operations is as follows 
(in millions): 

At December 31, 2020 
United States 
United Kingdom 
Canada 
Australia 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 
Total goodwill - net 
At December 31, 2019 
United States 
United Kingdom 
Canada 
Australia 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 
Total goodwill - net 

   Brokerage 

Risk 
Management    

   Corporate 

Total 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

3,399.8      $ 
1,328.3        
492.9        
462.1        
221.9        
148.6        
6,053.6      $ 

3,163.8        
1,177.8        
454.4        
416.5        
208.0        
128.4        
5,548.9      $ 

33.2      $ 
15.1        
-        
11.5        
10.7        
-        
70.5      $ 

33.1        
12.9        
-        
10.5        
10.1        
-        
66.6      $ 

-      $ 
-        
-        
-        
-        
2.9        
2.9      $ 

-        
-        
-        
-        
-        
3.0        
3.0      $ 

3,433.0   
1,343.4   
492.9   
473.6   
232.6   
151.5   
6,127.0   

3,196.9   
1,190.7   
454.4   
427.0   
218.1   
131.4   
5,618.5   

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for 2020 and 2019 are as follows (in millions): 

Balance as of December 31, 2018 
Goodwill acquired during the year 
Goodwill adjustments related to appraisals and other acquisition 
   adjustments 
Goodwill written-off related to sales of business 
Foreign currency translation adjustments during the year 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 
Goodwill acquired during the year 
Goodwill adjustments related to appraisals and other acquisition 
   adjustments 
Foreign currency translation adjustments during the year 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 

Risk 
Management    

   Corporate 

Total 

49.3      $ 
16.9        

(0.2 )      
-        
0.6        
66.6        
-        

1.7        
2.2        
70.5      $ 

2.7      $ 
0.4        

4,625.6   
975.7   

-        
-        
(0.1 )      
3.0        
-        

-        
(0.1 )      
2.9      $ 

-   
(7.2 ) 
24.4   
5,618.5   
359.6   

31.5   
117.4   
6,127.0   

   Brokerage 
   $ 

4,573.6      $ 
958.4        

0.2        
(7.2 )      
23.9        
5,548.9        
359.6        

29.8        
115.3        
6,053.6      $ 

   $ 

80 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
Major classes of amortizable intangible assets consist of the following (in millions): 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

Expiration lists 
Accumulated amortization - expiration lists 

Non-compete agreements 
Accumulated amortization - non-compete agreements 

Trade names 
Accumulated amortization - trade names 

Net amortizable assets 

   $ 

   $ 

4,753.2      $ 
(2,436.7 )      
2,316.5        
75.9        
(57.8 )      
18.1        
107.8        
(42.5 )      
65.3        
2,399.9      $ 

Estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the next five years is as follows (in millions): 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Thereafter 
Total 

   $ 

   $ 

4,246.0   
(2,004.3 ) 
2,241.7   
68.4   
(52.5 ) 
15.9   
91.8   
(30.7 ) 
61.1   
2,318.7   

378.4   
352.3   
327.1   
291.3   
251.3   
799.5   
2,399.9   

81 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
     
  
     
     
     
  
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
8.  Credit and Other Debt Agreements 

The following is a summary of our corporate and other debt (in millions):  

Note Purchase Agreements: 

Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.48%, balloon due June 24, 2020 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.99%, balloon due July 10, 2020 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.18%, balloon due February 10, 2021 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.69%, balloon due June 14, 2022 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.49%, balloon due February 10, 2023 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.13%, balloon due June 24, 2023 
Quarterly payments of interest, floating rate of 90 day LIBOR plus 1.65%, balloon due August 2, 2023 (prepaid on 
November 3, 2020) 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.72%, balloon due February 13, 2024 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.58%, balloon due February 27, 2024 
Quarterly payments of interest, floating rate of 90 day LIBOR plus 1.40%, balloon due June 13, 2024 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.31%, balloon due June 24, 2025 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.85%, balloon due February 13, 2026 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.73%, balloon due February 27, 2026 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.40%, balloon due June 2, 2026 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.36%, balloon due June 24, 2026 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.75%, balloon due January 30, 2027 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.09%, balloon due June 27, 2027 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.09%, balloon due August 2, 2027 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.14%, balloon due August 4, 2027 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.46%, balloon due December 1, 2027 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.55%, balloon due June 2, 2028 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.34%, balloon due June 13, 2028 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.04%, balloon due February 13, 2029 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.98%, balloon due February 27, 2029 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.19%, balloon due June 27, 2029 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.19%, balloon due August 2, 2029 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.48%, balloon due December 2, 2029 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 3.99%, balloon due January 30, 2030 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.44%, balloon due June 13, 2030 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.14%, balloon due March 13, 2031 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.70%, balloon due June 2, 2031 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.09%, balloon due January 30, 2032 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.34%, balloon due June 27, 2032 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.34%, balloon due August 2, 2032 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.59%, balloon due June 13, 2033 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.29%, balloon due March 13, 2034 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.48%, balloon due June 12, 2034 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.24%, balloon due January 30, 2035 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.69%, balloon due June 13, 2038 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 5.45%, balloon due March 13, 2039 
Semi-annual payments of interest, fixed rate of 4.49%, balloon due January 30, 2040 

Total Note Purchase Agreements 

Credit Agreement: 
Periodic payments of interest and principal, prime or LIBOR plus up to 1.45%, expires June 7, 2024 
Premium Financing Debt Facility - expires September 15, 2022: 
Facility B 

AUD denominated tranche, interbank rates plus 1.400% 
NZD denominated tranche, interbank rates plus 1.750% 

Facility C and D 

AUD denominated tranche, interbank rates plus 0.730% 
NZD denominated tranche, interbank rates plus 0.940% 
Total Premium Financing Debt Facility 
Total corporate and other debt 

Less unamortized debt acquisition costs on Note Purchase Agreements 

Net corporate and other debt 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

-       $ 
-      
75.0      
200.0      
50.0      
200.0      

-      
100.0      
325.0      
50.0      
200.0      
140.0      
175.0      
175.0      
150.0      
30.0      
125.0      
125.0      
98.0      
100.0      
75.0      
125.0      
100.0      
100.0      
50.0      
50.0      
50.0      
341.0      
125.0      
180.0      
25.0      
69.0      
75.0      
75.0      
125.0      
40.0      
175.0      
79.0      
75.0      
40.0      
56.0      
4,348.0      

-      

193.1      
-      

-      
10.5      
203.6      
4,551.6      
(7.0 )    
4,544.6       $ 

   $ 

50.0   
50.0   
75.0   
200.0   
50.0   
200.0   

50.0   
100.0   
325.0   
50.0   
200.0   
140.0   
175.0   
175.0   
150.0   
-   
125.0   
125.0   
98.0   
100.0   
75.0   
125.0   
100.0   
100.0   
50.0   
50.0   
50.0   
-   
125.0   
180.0   
25.0   
-   
75.0   
75.0   
125.0   
40.0   
175.0   
-   
75.0   
40.0   
-   
3,923.0   

520.0   

142.1   
-   

18.8   
9.7   
170.6   
4,613.6   
(6.9 ) 
4,606.7   

Note Purchase Agreements - On February 13, 2019, we closed an offering of $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of fixed rate 
private placement senior unsecured notes.  This offering was funded on February 13, 2019 ($340.0 million) and March 13, 2019 
($260.0 million).  The weighted average maturity of these notes is 10.1 years and the weighted average interest rate is 5.04% after 
giving effect to a net hedging loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate hedging transactions related to this 
private placement.  We realized a net cash loss of approximately $1.2 million on the hedging transactions that will be recognized on a 
pro rata basis as an increase in our reported interest expense over the life of the debt.  We used the proceeds of this offering to repay 
certain existing indebtedness and fund acquisitions. 

82 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
The notes consist of the following tranches: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$100.0 million of 4.72% senior notes due in 2024; 

$140.0 million of 4.85% senior notes due in 2026; 

$100.0 million of 5.04% senior notes due in 2029; 

$180.0 million of 5.14% senior notes due in 2031;  

$40.0 million of 5.29% senior notes due in 2034; and 

$40.0 million of 5.45% senior notes due in 2039 

On June 12, 2019, we closed a private placement of $175.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes.  The 
unsecured senior notes were issued with an interest rate of 4.48% and are due in 2034.  We used the proceeds of these offerings in part 
to fund the $50.0 million June 24, 2019 Series L note maturity, and for acquisitions and general corporate purposes.  The weighted 
average interest rate is 4.68% after giving effect to a net hedging loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest rate 
hedging transactions related to this private placement.  We realized a net cash loss of approximately $5.2 million on the hedging 
transactions that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as an increase in our reported interest expense over ten years of the total 
15-year notes.  

On December 2, 2019 we closed a private placement of $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured senior notes.  The 
unsecured senior notes were issued with an interest rate and weighted average interest rate of 3.48% and are due in 2029.  We used the 
proceeds of those offerings to fund the $50.0 million November 30, 2019 Series C note maturity. 

On January 30, 2020, we closed and funded an offering of $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of fixed rate private placement 
unsecured senior notes.  The weighted average maturity of these notes is 11.7 years and the weighted average interest rate is 4.23% 
per annum after giving effect to underwriting costs and the net hedge loss.  In 2017 and 2018, we entered into pre-issuance interest 
rate hedging transactions related to this private placements.  We realized a net cash loss of approximately $8.9 million on the hedging 
transactions that will be recognized on a pro rata basis as an increase to our reported interest expense over a ten year period.  

The notes consist of the following tranches: 

 

 

 

 

 

$30.0 million of 3.75% senior notes due in 2027; 

$341.0 million of 3.99% senior notes due in 2030; 

$69.0 million of 4.09% senior notes due in 2032; 

$79.0 million of 4.24% senior notes due in 2035; and 

$56.0 million of 4.49% senior notes due in 2040 

We used these offerings to repay certain existing indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including to fund acquisitions. 

Under the terms of the note purchase agreements described above, we may redeem the notes at any time, in whole or in part, at 100% 
of the principal amount of such notes being redeemed, together with accrued and unpaid interest and a “make-whole amount”.  The 
“make-whole amount” is derived from a net present value computation of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest 
using a discount rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield plus 0.5% and is designed to compensate the purchasers of the notes for their 
investment risk in the event prevailing interest rates at the time of prepayment are less favorable than the interest rates under the notes.  
We do not currently intend to prepay any of the notes. 

The note purchase agreements described above contain customary provisions for transactions of this type, including representations 
and warranties regarding us and our subsidiaries and various financial covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain 
specified financial ratios.  We were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2020.  The note purchase agreements also 
provide customary events of default, generally with corresponding grace periods, including, without limitation, payment defaults with 
respect to the notes, covenant defaults, cross-defaults to other agreements evidencing our or our subsidiaries’ indebtedness, certain 
judgments against us or our subsidiaries and events of bankruptcy involving us or our material subsidiaries.  

The notes issued under the note purchase agreement are senior unsecured obligations of ours and rank equal in right of payment with 
our Credit Agreement discussed below. 

83 

 
Credit Agreement - On June 7, 2019, we entered into an amendment and restatement to our multicurrency credit agreement dated 
April 8, 2016, (which we refer to as the Credit Agreement) with a group of fifteen financial institutions.  The amendment and 
restatement, among other things, extended the expiration date of the Credit Agreement from April 8, 2021 to June 7, 2024 and 
increased the revolving credit commitment from $800.0 million to $1,200.0 million, of which up to $75.0 million may be used for 
issuances of standby or commercial letters of credit and up to $75.0 million may be used for the making of swing loans (as defined in 
the Credit Agreement).  We may from time to time request, subject to certain conditions, an increase in the revolving credit 
commitment under the Credit Agreement up to a maximum aggregate revolving credit commitment of $1,700.0 million.  On 
August 27, 2020, we entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement providing that the obligations of each subsidiary of 
Gallagher that was a borrower, guarantor and/or obligor under the Credit Agreement, ceased to apply and that each subsidiary was 
released from all of its obligations under the Credit Agreement.  The amendment also replaced the minimum asset covenant with a 
priority indebtedness covenant, substantially similar to other priority indebtedness covenants applicable to us under our private 
placement note purchase agreements. 

The Credit Agreement provides that we may elect that each borrowing in U.S. dollars be either base rate loans or eurocurrency loans, 
each as defined in the Credit Agreement.  However, the Credit Agreement provides that all loans denominated in currencies other than 
U.S. dollars will be eurocurrency loans.  Interest rates on base rate loans and outstanding drawings on letters of credit in U.S. dollars 
under the Credit Agreement will be based on the base rate, as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus a margin of 0.00% to 0.45%, 
depending on the financial leverage ratio we maintain.  Interest rates on eurocurrency loans or outstanding drawings on letters of 
credit in currencies other than U.S. dollars under the Credit Agreement will be based on adjusted LIBOR, as defined in the Credit 
Agreement, plus a margin of 0.85% to 1.45%, depending on the financial leverage ratio we maintain.  Interest rates on swing loans 
will be based, at our election, on either the base rate or an alternate rate that may be quoted by the lead lender.  The annual facility fee 
related to the Credit Agreement is 0.15% and 0.30% of the revolving credit commitment, depending on the financial leverage ratio we 
maintain.  In connection with entering into the Credit Agreement, we incurred approximately $2.5 million of debt acquisition costs 
that were capitalized and will be amortized on a pro rata basis over the term of the Credit Agreement. 

The terms of the Credit Agreement include various financial covenants, including covenants that require us to maintain specified 
financial ratios.  We were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2020.  The Credit Agreement also includes 
customary provisions for transactions of this type, including events of default, with corresponding grace periods and cross-defaults to 
other agreements evidencing our indebtedness.   

At December 31, 2020, $17.4 million of letters of credit (for which we had $17.5 million of liabilities recorded at December 31, 2020) 
were outstanding under the Credit Agreement.  See Note 17 to these consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the letters of 
credit.  There were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement at December 31, 2020.  Accordingly, at December 31, 
2020, $1,182.6 million remained available for potential borrowings.   

Premium Financing Debt Facility - On September 16, 2020, we entered into an amendment to our revolving loan facility (which we 
refer to as the Premium Financing Debt Facility), that provides funding for the three Australian (AU) and New Zealand (NZ) premium 
finance subsidiaries.  The amendment, among other things, extended the expiration date of the Premium Financing Debt Facility from 
July 18, 2021 to September 15, 2022, added six-months variable limits to Facility B NZ$ beginning in 2021 and increased the total 
commitment for the AU$ denominated tranche from AU$245.0 million to AU$310.0 million.  The Premium Financing Debt Facility 
is comprised of: (i) Facility B is separated into AU$260.0 million and NZ$25.0 million tranches, (ii) Facility C, an AU$50.0 million 
equivalent multi-currency overdraft tranche and (iii) Facility D, a NZ$15.0 million equivalent multi-currency overdraft tranche.      

The interest rates on Facility B are Interbank rates, which vary by tranche, duration and currency, plus a margin of 1.400% and 
1.750% for the AU$ and NZ$ tranches, respectively.  The interest rates on Facilities C and D are 30 day Interbank rates, plus a margin 
of 0.730% and 0.940% for the AU$ and NZ$ tranches, respectively.  The annual fee for Facility B is 0.63% and 0.7875% for the 
undrawn commitments for the AU$ and NZ$ tranches, respectively.  The annual fee for Facility C is 0.67% and for Facility D is 
0.86% of the total commitments of the facilities.   

The terms of our Premium Financing Debt Facility include various financial covenants, including covenants that require us to 
maintain specified financial ratios.  We were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2020.  The Premium Financing 
Debt Facility also includes customary provisions for transactions of this type, including events of default, with corresponding grace 
periods and cross-defaults to other agreements evidencing our indebtedness.  Facilities B, C and D are secured by the premium finance 
receivables of the Australian and New Zealand premium finance subsidiaries.  

84 

 
 
 
At December 31, 2020, AU$255.0 million and  NZ$0.0 of borrowings were outstanding under Facility B, AU$0.0 million of 
borrowings outstanding under Facility C and NZ$14.9 million of borrowings were outstanding under Facility D, which in aggregate 
amount to US$203.6 million of borrowings under the Premium Finance Debt Facility.  Accordingly, as of December 31, 2020,  
AU$5.0 and NZ$25.0 million remained available for potential borrowing under Facility B, and AU$50.0 million and NZ$0.1 million 
under Facilities C and D, respectively.   

See Note 17 to these 2020 consolidated financial statements for additional discussion on our contractual obligations and commitments 
as of December 31, 2020. 

The aggregate estimated fair value of the $4,348.0 million in debt under the note purchase agreements at December 31, 2020 was 
$5,018.9 million due to the long-term duration and fixed interest rates associated with these debt obligations.  No active or observable 
market exists for our private long-term debt.  Therefore, the estimated fair value of this debt is based on the income valuation 
approach, which is a valuation technique that converts future amounts (for example, cash flows or income and expenses) to a single 
current (that is, discounted) amount.  The fair value measurement is determined on the basis of the value indicated by current market 
expectations about those future amounts.  Because our debt issuances generate a measurable income stream for each lender, the 
income approach was deemed to be an appropriate methodology for valuing the private placement long-term debt.  The methodology 
used calculated the original deal spread at the time of each debt issuance, which was equal to the difference between the yield of each 
issuance (the coupon rate) and the equivalent benchmark treasury yield at that time.  The market spread as of the valuation date was 
calculated, which is equal to the difference between an index for investment grade insurers and the equivalent benchmark treasury 
yield today.  An implied premium or discount to the par value of each debt issuance based on the difference between the origination 
deal spread and market as of the valuation date was then calculated.  The index we relied on to represent investment graded insurers 
was the Bloomberg Valuation Services (BVAL) U.S. Insurers BBB index.  This index is comprised primarily of insurance brokerage 
firms and was representative of the industry in which we operate.  For the purpose of our analysis, the average BBB rate was assumed 
to be the appropriate borrowing rate for us.  The estimated fair value of the zero of borrowings outstanding under our Credit 
Agreement approximate their carrying value due to their short-term duration and variable interest rates.  The estimated fair value of 
the $203.6 million of borrowings outstanding under our Premium Financing Debt Facility approximates their carrying value due to 
their short-term duration and variable interest rates.    

9.  Earnings per Share 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings per share (in millions, except per share data): 

Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 
Dilutive effect of stock options using the treasury stock 
   method 
Weighted average number of common and common 
   equivalent shares outstanding 
Basic net earnings per share 
Diluted net earnings per share 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

818.8      $ 
191.0        

668.8      $ 
186.0        

4.0   

4.1   

195.0   
4.29      $ 
4.20      $ 

190.1   
3.60      $ 
3.52      $ 

633.5   
182.7   

3.5   

186.2   
3.47   
3.40   

There were no anti-dilutive stock-based awards outstanding at December 31, 2020 that were excluded in the computation of the 
dilutive effect of stock-based awards for the year then ended.  Anti-dilutive stock-based awards of 1.0 million and 1.0 million shares 
were outstanding at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, but were excluded in the computation of the dilutive effect of 
stock-based awards for the year then ended.  These stock-based awards were excluded from the computation because the exercise 
prices on these stock-based awards were greater than the average market price of our common shares during the respective period, and 
therefore, would be anti-dilutive to earnings per share under the treasury stock method. 

10.  Stock Option Plans 

On May 16, 2017, our stockholders approved the Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan (which we refer to as the 
LTIP), which replaced our previous stockholder-approved Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan (which we refer 
to as the 2014 LTIP).  The LTIP term began May 16, 2017 and terminates on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 2027, 
unless terminated earlier by our board of directors.  All of our officers, employees and non-employee directors are eligible to receive 
awards under the LTIP.  The compensation committee of our board of directors determines the annual number of shares delivered 

85 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
under the LTIP.  The LTIP provides for non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and 
restricted stock units, any or all of which may be made contingent upon the achievement of performance criteria.   

Shares of our common stock available for issuance under the LTIP include authorized and unissued shares of common stock or 
authorized and issued shares of common stock reacquired and held as treasury shares or otherwise, or a combination thereof.  The 
number of available shares will be reduced by the aggregate number of shares that become subject to outstanding awards granted 
under the LTIP.  To the extent that shares subject to an outstanding award granted under either the LTIP or prior equity plans are not 
issued or delivered by reason of the expiration, termination, cancellation or forfeiture of such award or by reason of the settlement of 
such award in cash, then such shares will again be available for grant under the LTIP. 

The maximum number of shares available under the LTIP for restricted stock, restricted stock unit awards and performance unit 
awards settled with stock (i.e., all awards other than stock options and stock appreciation rights) is 2.3 million as of December 31, 
2020.   

The LTIP provides for the grant of stock options, which may be either tax-qualified incentive stock options or non-qualified options 
and stock appreciation rights.  The compensation committee determines the period for the exercise of a non-qualified stock option, 
tax-qualified incentive stock option or stock appreciation right, provided that no option can be exercised later than seven years after its 
date of grant.  The exercise price of a non-qualified stock option or tax-qualified incentive stock option and the base price of a stock 
appreciation right cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of our common stock on the date of grant, provided that 
the base price of a stock appreciation right granted in tandem with an option will be the exercise price of the related option.   

Upon exercise, the option exercise price may be paid in cash, by the delivery of previously owned shares of our common stock, 
through a net-exercise arrangement, or through a broker-assisted cashless exercise arrangement.  The compensation committee 
determines all of the terms relating to the exercise, cancellation or other disposition of an option or stock appreciation right upon a 
termination of employment, whether by reason of disability, retirement, death or any other reason.  Stock option and stock 
appreciation right awards under the LTIP are non-transferable. 

On March 12, 2020, the compensation committee granted 1,590,740 options under the 2017 LTIP to our officers and key employees 
that become exercisable at the rate of 34%, 33% and 33% on the anniversary date of the grant in 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively. 
On March 14, 2019, the compensation committee granted 1,283,300 options under the 2017 LTIP to our officers and key employees 
that become exercisable at the rate of 34%, 33% and 33% on the anniversary date of the grant in 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively. 
On March 15, 2018, the compensation committee granted 1,261,000 options under the 2017 LTIP to our officers and key employees 
that become exercisable at the rate of 34%, 33% and 33% on the anniversary date of the grant in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. 

The 2020, 2019 and 2018 options expire seven years from the date of grant, or earlier in the event of certain terminations of 
employment.  For our executive officers age 55 or older, stock options awarded in 2020, 2019 and 2018 are not subject to forfeiture 
upon such officers’ departure from the company after two years from the date of grant. 

Our stock option plans provide for the immediate vesting of all outstanding stock option grants in the event of a change in control of 
our company, as defined in the applicable plan documents. 

During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized $13.6 million, $14.0 million and $13.7 million, respectively, of compensation expense 
related to our stock option grants. 

For purposes of expense recognition in 2020, 2019 and 2018, the estimated fair values of the stock option grants are amortized to 
expense over the options’ vesting period.  We estimated the fair value of stock options at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes 
option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: 

Expected dividend yield 
Expected risk-free interest rate 
Volatility 
Expected life (in years) 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

2.1 %      
0.7 %      
17.3 %      
5.4         

1.7 %      
2.5 %      
15.6 %      
5.5         

2.3 % 
2.7 % 
15.1 % 
5.5   

Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility.  The Black-
Scholes option pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions 
and are fully transferable.  The weighted average fair value per option for all options granted during 2020, 2019 and 2018, as 
determined on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, was $9.99, $10.71 and $9.27, respectively.  

86 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
 
The following is a summary of our stock option activity and related information for 2020 and 2019 (in millions, except exercise 
price and year data): 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 
Beginning balance 
Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited or canceled 
Ending balance 
Exercisable at end of year 
Ending unvested and expected to vest 
Year Ended December 31, 2019 
Beginning balance 
Granted 
Exercised 
Forfeited or canceled 
Ending balance 
Exercisable at end of year 
Ending unvested and expected to vest 

Shares 
Under 
Option 

   Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

   Weighted 
Average 

   Remaining 
   Contractual 

Term 
(in years) 

Aggregate 
Intrinsic 
Value 

7.9      $ 
1.6        
(1.8 )      
(0.2 )      
7.5      $ 
1.9      $ 
5.3      $ 

8.8      $ 
1.3        
(1.9 )      
(0.3 )      
7.9      $ 
2.0      $ 
5.7      $ 

56.40          
86.17          
45.80          
65.87          
65.09        
47.17        
70.74        

50.16          
79.59          
42.91          
57.33          
56.40        
45.03        
59.76        

3.86      $ 
1.83      $ 
4.51      $ 

437.9   
147.2   
278.1   

3.75      $ 
1.82      $ 
4.36      $ 

308.6   
101.9   
201.5   

Options with respect to 11.4 million shares (less any shares of restricted stock issued under the LTIP - see Note 12 to these 
consolidated financial statements) were available for grant under the LTIP at December 31, 2020. 

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2020, 2019 and 2018 amounted to $106.4 million, $77.9 million and 
$54.2 million, respectively.  As of December 31, 2020, we had approximately $28.3 million of total unrecognized compensation 
expense related to nonvested options.  We expect to recognize that cost over a weighted average period of approximately four years. 

Other information regarding stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2020 is summarized as follows (in millions, 
except exercise price and year data): 

Options Outstanding 
   Weighted 
Average 

Options Exercisable 

   Remaining 
   Contractual 

   Number 
   Outstanding   

Term 
(in years) 

   Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Number 

   Exercisable 

   Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Range of Exercise Prices 

$ 

$ 

43.71        
46.17        
49.55        
70.74        
79.59        
86.17        
43.71        

—      $ 
—        
—        
—        
—        
—        
—      $ 

43.71        
46.87        
56.86        
70.74        
79.59        
86.17        
86.17        

1.4        
0.9        
1.3        
1.1        
1.2        
1.6        
7.5        

2.21      $ 
0.97        
3.21        
4.21        
5.20        
6.20        
3.86      $ 

43.71        
46.33        
56.83        
70.74        
79.59        
86.17        
65.09        

0.7      $ 
0.9        
0.3        
—        
—        
—        
1.9      $ 

43.71   
46.33   
56.81   
70.74   
79.59   
—   
47.17   

87 

 
 
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
       
  
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
     
     
      
         
         
         
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
         
  
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
11. Deferred Compensation 

We have a Deferred Equity Participation Plan, (which we refer to as the DEPP), which is a non-qualified plan that generally provides 
for distributions to certain of our key executives when they reach age 62 (or the one-year anniversary of the date of the grant for 
participants over the age of 61 as of the grant date) or upon or after their actual retirement if later.  Under the provisions of the DEPP, 
we typically contribute cash in an amount approved by the compensation committee to a rabbi trust on behalf of the executives 
participating in the DEPP, and instruct the trustee to acquire a specified number of shares of our common stock on the open market or 
in privately negotiated transactions based on participant elections.  Distributions under the DEPP may not normally be made until the 
participant reaches age 62 (or the one-year anniversary of the date of the grant for participants over the age of 61 as of the grant date) 
and are subject to forfeiture in the event of voluntary termination of employment prior to then.  DEPP awards are generally made 
annually in the first quarter.  In addition, we annually make awards under sub-plans of the DEPP for certain production staff, which 
generally provide for vesting and/or distributions no sooner than five years from the date of awards, although certain awards vest 
and/or distribute after the earlier of fifteen years or the participant reaching age 65.  All contributions to the plan (including sub-plans) 
deemed to be invested in shares of our common stock are distributed in the form of our common stock and all other distributions are 
paid in cash. 

Our common stock that is issued to or purchased by the rabbi trust as a contribution under the DEPP is valued at historical cost, which 
equals its fair market value at the date of grant or date of purchase.  When common stock is issued, we record an unearned deferred 
compensation obligation as a reduction of capital in excess of par value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, which is 
amortized to compensation expense ratably over the vesting period of the participants.  Future changes in the fair market value of our 
common stock owed to the participants do not have any impact on the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements.   

In the first quarter of each of 2020, 2019 and 2018, the compensation committee approved $14.1 million, $10.1 million and 
$11.5 million, respectively, of awards in the aggregate to certain key executives under the DEPP that were contributed to the rabbi 
trust in the first quarters of 2020, 2019 and 2018.  We contributed cash to the rabbi trust and instructed the trustee to acquire a 
specified number of shares of our common stock on the open market to fund these 2020, 2019 and 2018 awards.  During 2020, 2019 
and 2018, we charged $12.2 million, $9.8 million and $9.1 million, respectively, to compensation expense related to these awards.   

In 2020, 2019 and 2018, the compensation committee approved $1.8 million, $2.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of awards 
under the sub-plans referred to above, which were contributed to the rabbi trust in first quarter 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we charged $1.9 million, $2.4 million and $2.2 million, respectively, to compensation expense related to 
these awards.  There was $0.5 million of distributions from the sub-plans during 2019.  There were no distributions from the sub-plans 
during 2020 and 2018. 

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we recorded $60.5 million (related to 2.6 million shares) and $64.5 million (related to 2.9 million 
shares), respectively, of unearned deferred compensation as a reduction of capital in excess of par value in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheet.  The total intrinsic value of our unvested equity based awards under the plan at December 31, 2020 and 
2019 was $327.8 million and $276.3 million, respectively.  During 2020, 2019 and 2018, cash and equity awards with an aggregate 
fair value of $41.2 million, $3.1 million and $6.4 million, respectively, were vested and distributed to executives under the DEPP.  

We have a Deferred Cash Participation Plan (which we refer to as the DCPP), which is a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for 
certain key employees, other than executive officers, that generally provides for vesting and/or distributions no sooner than five years 
from the date of awards.  Under the provisions of the DCPP, we typically contribute cash in an amount approved by the compensation 
committee to the rabbi trust on behalf of the executives participating in the DCPP, and instruct the trustee to acquire a specified 
number of shares of our common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions based on participant elections.  In 
the first quarter of each of 2020, 2019 and 2018, the compensation committee approved $3.0 million, $2.4 million and $5.6 million, 
respectively, of awards in the aggregate to certain key executives under the DCPP that were contributed to the rabbi trust in second 
quarter 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  In addition, the compensation committee approved $7.7 million and $1.6 million of 
awards in the aggregate to certain key executives under the DCPP that were contributed to the rabbi trust in the second and third 
quarters of 2019, respectively.  During 2020, 2019 and 2018 we charged $6.9 million, $5.2 million and $3.0 million to compensation 
expense related to these awards.  There was $3.2 million, $2.5 million and $3.6 million of distributions from the DCPP during 2020, 
2019 and 2018, respectively.     

88 

 
 
 
 
12.  Restricted Stock, Performance Share and Cash Awards 

Restricted Stock Awards 

As discussed in Note 10 to these consolidated financial statements, on May 16, 2017, our stockholders approved the LTIP, which 
replaced our previous stockholder-approved 2014 LTIP.  The LTIP provides for the grant of a stock award either as restricted stock or 
as restricted stock units to officers, employees and non-employee directors.  In either case, the compensation committee may 
determine that the award will be subject to the attainment of performance measures over an established performance period.  Stock 
awards and the related dividend equivalents are non-transferable and subject to forfeiture if the holder does not remain continuously 
employed with us during the applicable restriction period or, in the case of a performance-based award, if applicable performance 
measures are not attained.  The compensation committee will determine all of the terms relating to the satisfaction of performance 
measures and the termination of a restriction period, or the forfeiture and cancellation of a restricted stock award upon a termination of 
employment, whether by reason of disability, retirement, death or any other reason.   

The agreements awarding restricted stock units under the LTIP will specify whether such awards may be settled in shares of our 
common stock, cash or a combination of shares and cash and whether the holder will be entitled to receive dividend equivalents, on a 
current or deferred basis, with respect to such award.  Prior to the settlement of a restricted stock unit, the holder of a restricted stock 
unit will have no rights as a stockholder of the company.  The maximum number of shares available under the LTIP for restricted 
stock, restricted stock units and performance unit awards settled with stock (i.e., all awards other than stock options and stock 
appreciation rights) is 4.0 million.  At December 31, 2020, 2.3 million shares were available for grant under the LTIP for such awards. 

In 2020, 2019 and 2018, we granted 422,610, 414,700 and 439,100 restricted stock units, respectively, to employees under the LTIP 
and 2014 LTIP, with an aggregate fair value of $34.9 million, $31.8 million and $28.7 million, respectively, at the date of grant.   

The 2020, 2019 and 2018 restricted stock units vest as follows: 405,870 units granted in first quarter 2020, 399,900 units granted in 
first quarter 2019 and 420,200 units granted in first quarter 2018 vest in full based on continued employment through March 12, 2025, 
March 14, 2024 and March 15, 2023, respectively, while the other 2020, 2019 and 2018 restricted stock unit awards generally vest in 
full based on continued employment through the vesting period on the anniversary date of the grant.  For certain of our executive 
officers age 55 or older, restricted stock units awarded in 2020, 2019 and 2018 are not subject to forfeiture upon such officers’ 
departure from the company after two years from the date of grant. 

The vesting periods of the 2020, 2019 and 2018 restricted stock unit awards are as follows (in actual shares): 

Vesting Period 
One year 
Two years 
Five years 
Total shares granted 

2020 

Restricted Stock Units Granted 
2019 

2018 

16,740        
8,870        
397,000        
422,610        

14,800        
12,000        
387,900        
414,700        

18,900   
12,700   
407,500   
439,100   

We account for restricted stock awards at historical cost, which equals its fair market value at the date of grant, which is amortized to 
compensation expense ratably over the vesting period of the participants.  Future changes in the fair value of our common stock that is 
owed to the participants do not have any impact on the amounts recorded in our consolidated financial statements.  During 2020, 2019 
and 2018, we charged $40.0 million, $29.8 million and $27.2 million, respectively, to compensation expense related to restricted stock 
awards granted in 2009 through 2020.  The total intrinsic value of unvested restricted stock at December 31, 2020 and 2019 was 
$302.4 million and $215.1 million, respectively.  During 2020 and 2019, equity awards (including accrued dividends) with an 
aggregate fair value of $2.0 million and $2.1 million were vested and distributed to employees under this plan. 

Performance Share Awards 

On March 12, 2020, March 14, 2019 and March 15, 2018, pursuant to the LTIP, the compensation committee approved 82,500, 
73,600 and 78,200, respectively of provisional performance share awards, with an aggregate fair value of $7.1 million, $5.8 million 
and $5.3 million, respectively, for future grants to our officers and key employees.  Each performance unit award was equivalent to 
the value of one share of our common stock on the date such provisional award was approved.  At the end of the performance period, 
eligible participants will receive a number of earned shares based on the growth in adjusted EBITDAC per share (as defined in the 
2020 Proxy Statement).  Earned shares for the 2020, 2019 and 2018 provisional awards will fully vest based on continuous 
employment through March 12, 2023, March 14, 2022 and March 15, 2021, respectively, and will be settled in unrestricted shares of 
our common stock on a one-for-one basis as soon as practicable in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The 2020, 2019 and 2018 
awards are subject to a three-year performance period that begins on January 1, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and vest on the 

89 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
 
three-year anniversary of the date of grant (March 12, 2023, March 14, 2022 and March 15, 2021).  For certain of our executive 
officers age 55 or older, awards granted in 2020, 2019 and 2018 are no longer subject to forfeiture upon such officers’ departure from 
the company after two years from the date of grant.  During 2020, 2019 and 2018, equity awards (including accrued dividends) with 
an aggregate fair value of $12.5 million, $5.7 million and $3.7 million was vested and distributed to employees under this plan.   

Cash Awards 

On March 12, 2020, pursuant to our Performance Unit Program (which we refer to as the Program), the compensation committee 
approved provisional cash awards of $18.4 million in the aggregate for future grants to our officers and key employees that are 
denominated in units (213,000 units in the aggregate), each of which was equivalent to the value of one share of our common stock on the 
date the provisional award was approved.  The Program consists of a one-year performance period based on our financial performance 
and a three-year vesting period measured from January 1 of the year of grant.  At the discretion of the compensation committee and 
determined based on our performance, the eligible officer or key employee will be granted a percentage of the provisional cash award 
units that equates to the EBITDAC growth achieved (as defined in the Program).  At the end of the performance period, eligible 
participants will be granted a number of units based on achievement of the performance goal and subject to approval by the compensation 
committee.  Granted units for the 2020 provisional award will fully vest based on continuous employment through January 1, 2023.  The 
ultimate award value will be equal to the trailing twelve-month price of our common stock on December 31, 2022, multiplied by the 
number of units subject to the award, but limited to between 0.5 and 1.5 times the original value of the units determined as of the grant 
date.  The fair value of the awarded units will be paid out in cash as soon as practicable in 2023.  If an eligible employee leaves us prior to 
the vesting date, the entire award will be forfeited.  We did not recognize any compensation expense during the year ended December 31, 
2020 related to the 2020 provisional award under the Program.  Based on company performance for 2020, we expect to grant 
209,000 units under the Program in first quarter 2021 that will fully vest on January 1, 2023.  

On March 14, 2019, pursuant to the Program, the compensation committee approved provisional cash awards of $16.5 million in the 
aggregate for future grants to our officers and key employees that are denominated in units (206,800 units in the aggregate), each of 
which was equivalent to the value of one share of our common stock on the date the provisional award was approved.  Terms of the 2019 
provisional award were similar to the terms of the 2020 provisional awards.  Based on our performance for 2019, we granted 200,000 
units under the Program in first quarter 2020 that will fully vest on January 1, 2022.  During 2020, we charged $10.6 million to 
compensation expense related to these awards.  We did not recognize any compensation expense during 2019 related to the 2019 
provisional award under the Program.   

On March 15, 2018, pursuant to the Program, the compensation committee approved provisional cash awards of $15.0 million in the 
aggregate for future grants to our officers and key employees that are denominated in units (219,000 units in the aggregate), each of 
which was equivalent to the value of one share of our common stock on the date the provisional award was approved.  Terms of the 2018 
provisional award were similar to the terms of the 2019 provisional awards.  Based on our performance for 2018, we granted 190,000 
units under the Program in first quarter 2019 that fully vested on January 1, 2021.  During 2020 and 2019, we charged $9.9 million 
and $8.9 million to compensation expense related to these awards.  We did not recognize any compensation expense during 2018 related 
to the 2018 provisional award under the Program.   

On March 16, 2017, pursuant to the Program, the compensation committee approved provisional cash awards of $14.3 million in the 
aggregate for future grants to our officers and key employees that are denominated in units (255,000 units in the aggregate), each of 
which was equivalent to the value of one share of our common stock on the date the provisional awards were approved.  Terms of the 
2017 provisional award were similar to the terms of the 2018 provisional awards.  Based on our performance for 2017, we granted 
242,000 units under the Program in first quarter 2018 that fully vested on January 1, 2020.  During 2019 and 2018, we charged 
$10.3 million and $8.7 million to compensation expense related to these awards, respectively.     

On March 17, 2016, pursuant to the Program, the compensation committee approved provisional cash awards of $17.4 million in the 
aggregate for future grants to our officers and key employees that are denominated in units (397,000 units in the aggregate), each of 
which was equivalent to the value of one share of our common stock on the date the provisional award was approved.  Terms of the 
2016 provisional award were similar to the terms of the 2017 provisional awards.  Based on our performance for 2016, we granted 
385,000 units under the Program in first quarter 2017 that fully vested on January 1, 2019.  During 2018, we charged $11.7 million to 
compensation expense related to these awards.   

During 2019, cash awards related to the 2016 provisional awards with an aggregate fair value of $22.4 million (341,000 units in the 
aggregate) were vested and distributed to employees under the Program.  During 2018, cash awards related to the 2015 provisional 
awards with an aggregate fair value of $15.8 million (269,000 units in the aggregate) were vested and distributed to employees under 
the Program.  During 2017, cash awards related to the 2014 provisional awards with an aggregate fair value of $9.3 million (199,000 
units in the aggregate) were vested and distributed to employees under the Program.   

90 

 
13.  Retirement Plans 

We have a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan that, prior to July 1, 2005, covered substantially all of our domestic 
employees who had attained a specified age and one year of employment.  Benefits under the plan were based on years of service and 
salary history.  In 2005, we amended our defined benefit pension plan to freeze the accrual of future benefits for all U.S. employees, 
effective on July 1, 2005.  Since the plan is frozen, there is no difference between the projected benefit obligation and accumulated 
benefit obligation at December 31, 2020 and 2019.  In the table below, the service cost component represents plan administration costs 
that are incurred directly by the plan.  A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the pension benefit obligation and fair 
value of plan assets and the funded status of the plan is as follows (in millions): 

Change in pension benefit obligation: 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year 

Service cost 
Interest cost 
Net actuarial loss 
Benefits paid 

Benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets: 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 

Actual return on plan assets 
Contributions by the company 
Benefits paid 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 

Funded status of the plan (underfunded) 
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet 
   consist of: 
Noncurrent liabilities - accrued benefit liability 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss - net actuarial loss 
Net amount included in retained earnings 

Year Ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

274.4      $ 
0.8        
8.0        
22.6        
(15.2 )      
290.6      $ 

243.7      $ 
34.3        
—        
(15.2 )      
262.8      $ 
(27.8 )    $ 

(27.8 )    $ 
68.3        
40.5      $ 

253.2   
1.6   
9.8   
24.7   
(14.9 ) 
274.4   

220.0   
38.6   
—   
(14.9 ) 
243.7   
(30.7 ) 

(30.7 ) 
69.8   
39.1   

The components of the net periodic pension benefit cost for the plan and other changes in plan assets and obligations recognized in 
earnings and other comprehensive earnings consist of the following (in millions): 

Net periodic pension cost: 
Service cost 
Interest cost on benefit obligation 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization of net loss 
Net periodic benefit cost 
Other changes in plan assets and obligations recognized 
   in other comprehensive earnings: 
Net loss incurred 
Amortization of net loss 
Total recognized in other comprehensive loss 
Total recognized in net periodic pension cost and other 
   comprehensive loss 
Estimated amortization for the following year: 
Amortization of net loss 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

0.8      $ 
8.0        
(16.4 )      
6.2        
(1.4 )      

4.7        
(6.2 )      
(1.5 )      

1.6      $ 
9.8        
(14.8 )      
7.0        
3.6        

0.8        
(7.0 )      
(6.2 )      

(2.9 )    $ 

(2.6 )    $ 

0.8   
9.3   
(16.0 ) 
4.9   
(1.0 ) 

17.2   
(4.9 ) 
12.3   

11.3   

5.8      $ 

6.1      $ 

7.2   

91 

 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
       
         
  
     
     
     
       
  
  
    
  
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
  
     
     
     
     
       
         
         
  
     
     
     
       
         
         
  
 
The following weighted average assumptions were used at December 31 in determining the plan’s pension benefit obligation: 

Discount rate 
Weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

2.25 %      
7.00 %      

3.00 % 
7.00 % 

The following weighted average assumptions were used at January 1 in determining the plan’s net periodic pension benefit cost: 

Discount rate 
Weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets 

The following benefit payments are expected to be paid by the plan (in millions): 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

3.00 %      
7.00 %      

4.00 %      
7.00 %      

3.50 % 
7.00 % 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Years 2026 to 2030 

   $ 

16.2   
16.5   
16.7   
16.7   
16.9   
83.1   

The following is a summary of the plan’s weighted average asset allocations at December 31 by asset category: 

Asset Category 
Equity securities 
Debt securities 
Real estate 
Total 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

63.0 %      
30.0 %      
7.0 %      
100.0 %      

61.0 % 
32.0 % 
7.0 % 
100.0 % 

Plan assets are invested in various pooled separate accounts under annuity contracts managed by two life underwriting enterprises.  
The plan’s investment policy provides that investments will be allocated in a manner designed to provide a long-term investment 
return greater than the actuarial assumptions, maximize investment return commensurate with risk and to comply with the Employee 
Income Retirement Security Act of 1974, as amended (which we refer to as ERISA), by investing the funds in a manner consistent 
with ERISA’s fiduciary standards.  The weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets assumption was determined 
based on a review of the asset allocation strategy of the plan using expected ten-year return assumptions for all of the asset classes in 
which the plan was invested at December 31, 2020 and 2019.  The return assumptions used in the valuation were based on data 
provided by the plan’s external investment advisors. 

The following is a summary of the plan’s assets carried at fair value as of December 31 by level within the fair value hierarchy 
(in millions): 

Fair Value Hierarchy 
Level 1 
Level 2 
Level 3 
Total fair value 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

—      $ 
141.8        
121.0        
262.8      $ 

—   
135.8   
107.9   
243.7   

The plan’s Level 2 assets consist of ownership interests in various pooled separate accounts within a life insurance carrier’s group 
annuity contract.  The fair value of the pooled separate accounts is determined based on the net asset value of the respective funds, 
which is obtained from the underwriting enterprise and determined each business day with issuances and redemptions of units of the 
funds made based on the net asset value per unit as determined on the valuation date.  We have not adjusted the net asset values 
provided by the underwriting enterprise.  There are no restrictions as to the plan’s ability to redeem its investment at the net asset 
value of the respective funds as of the reporting date.  The plan’s Level 3 assets consist of pooled separate accounts within another life 

92 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
 
insurance carrier’s annuity contracts for which fair value has been determined by an independent valuation.  Due to the nature of these 
annuity contracts, our management makes assumptions to determine how a market participant would price these Level 3 assets.  In 
determining fair value, the future cash flows to be generated by the annuity contracts were estimated using the underlying benefit 
provisions specified in each contract, market participant assumptions and various actuarial and financial models.  These cash flows 
were then discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted rate that takes into consideration market based rates of return and 
probability-weighted present values. 

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the Level 3 assets of the plan measured at fair value 
(in millions): 

Fair value at January 1 
Settlements 
Unrealized gain 
Fair value at December 31 

Year Ended December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

107.9      $ 
(2.7 )      
15.8        
121.0      $ 

94.9   
—   
13.0   
107.9   

We were not required under the IRC to make any minimum contributions to the plan for each of the 2020, 2019 and 2018 plan years.  
This level of required funding is based on the plan being frozen and the aggregate amount of our historical funding.  During 2018 we 
made a $30.0 million discretionary contribution to the plan.  During 2020 and 2019 we did not make discretionary contributions to the 
plan. 

We also have a qualified contributory savings and thrift 401(k) plan covering the majority of our domestic employees.  For eligible 
employees who have met the plan’s age and service requirements to receive matching contributions, we historically have matched 
100% of pre-tax and Roth elective deferrals up to a maximum of 5.0% of eligible compensation, subject to federal limits on plan 
contributions and not in excess of the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes.  Beginning in 2021, the amount 
matched by the company will be discretionary and annually determined by management.  Employees must be employed and eligible 
for the plan on the last day of the plan year to receive a matching contribution, subject to certain exceptions enumerated in the plan 
document.  Matching contributions are subject to a five-year graduated vesting schedule and can be funded in cash or company stock.  
We expensed (net of plan forfeitures) $63.6 million, $59.4 million and $53.9 million related to the plan in 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  Matching contributions can be funded in cash or company stock.  Our board of directors has authorized the use of 
common stock to fund our 2020 employer matching contributions to the 401(k) plan, which we plan to do in February 2021. 

We also have a nonqualified deferred compensation plan, the Supplemental Savings and Thrift Plan, for certain employees who, due 
to IRS rules, cannot take full advantage of our matching contributions under the 401(k) plan.  The plan permits these employees to 
annually elect to defer a portion of their compensation until their retirement or a future date.  Our matching contributions to this plan 
(up to a maximum of the lesser of a participant’s elective deferral of base salary, annual bonus and commissions or 5.0% of eligible 
compensation, less matching amounts contributed under the 401(k) plan) are also at the discretion of our board of directors.  Matching 
contributions can be funded in cash or company stock.  Our board of directors has authorized the use of common stock to fund our 
2020 employer matching contributions to the plan, which we plan to do in February 2021.  We expensed $7.8 million, $7.1 million 
and $6.5 million related to contributions made to a rabbi trust maintained under the plan in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The 
fair value of the assets in the plan’s rabbi trust at December 31, 2020 and 2019, including employee contributions and investment 
earnings, was $497.3 million and $452.9 million, respectively, and has been included in other noncurrent assets and the corresponding 
liability has been included in other noncurrent liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. 

We also have several foreign benefit plans, the largest of which is a defined contribution plan that provides for us to make 
contributions of 5.0% of eligible compensation.  In addition, the plan allows for voluntary contributions by U.K. employees, which we 
match 100%, up to a maximum of an additional 5.0% of eligible compensation.  Net expense for foreign retirement plans amounted to 
$44.3 million, $39.8 million and $34.9 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

93 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
     
     
 
 
14.  Investments 

The following is a summary of our investments included in other noncurrent assets in the consolidated balance sheet (in millions): 

Chem-Mod LLC 
Chem-Mod International LLC 
Clean-coal investments: 

Controlling interest in limited liability companies 
that own fourteen 2009 Era Clean Coal Plants 

Non-controlling interest in a limited liability 

company that owns one 2011 Era Clean Coal Plant 

Controlling interest in limited liability companies 
that own twenty 2011 Era Clean Coal Plants 

Other investments 
Total investments 

2020 

December 31, 

Funding 
commitments 

2019 

Assets 

 $ 

4.0   
2.0   

-        

0.1        

12.4        

3.9          
22.4      $ 

-      $ 
-        

-        

-        

0.9        

0.9      $ 

4.0   
2.0   

-   

0.3   

29.2   
4.5   
40.0   

Assets 

   $ 

   $ 

Chem-Mod LLC - At December 31, 2020, we held a 46.5% controlling interest in Chem-Mod LLC.  Chem-Mod LLC possesses the 
exclusive marketing rights, in the U.S. and Canada, for technologies used to reduce emissions created during the combustion of coal.  
The refined coal production plants discussed below, as well as those owned by other unrelated parties, license and use Chem-
Mod LLC’s proprietary technologies, The Chem-Mod™ Solution, in the production of refined coal.  The Chem-Mod™ Solution uses 
a dual injection sorbent system to reduce mercury, sulfur dioxide and other emissions at coal-fired power plants.   

We believe that the application of The Chem-Mod™ Solution qualifies for refined coal tax credits under IRC Section 45 when used 
with refined coal production plants placed in service by December 31, of both 2011 and 2009.  Chem-Mod LLC has been marketing 
its technologies principally to coal-fired power plants owned by utility companies, including those utilities that are operating with the 
IRC Section 45 refined coal production plants in which we hold an investment.   

Chem-Mod LLC is determined to be a variable interest entity (which we refer to as a VIE).  We are the manager (decision maker) of 
Chem-Mod LLC and therefore consolidate its operations into our consolidated financial statements.  At December 31, 2020, total 
assets and total liabilities of this VIE included in our consolidated balance sheet were $19.0 million and $4.4 million, respectively.  At 
December 31, 2019, total assets and total liabilities of this VIE included in our consolidated balance sheet were $16.3 million and 
$2.8 million, respectively.  For 2020, total revenues and expenses were $74.3 million and $10.6 million, respectively.  For 2019, total 
revenues and expenses were $81.9 million and $17.5 million, respectively.  We are under no obligation to fund Chem-Mod’s 
operations in the future. 

Chem-Mod International LLC - At December 31, 2020, we held a 31.5% noncontrolling ownership interest in Chem-Mod 
International LLC.  Chem-Mod International LLC has the rights to market The Chem-Mod™ Solution in countries other than the U.S. 
and Canada.  Such marketing activity has been limited to date. 

C-Quest Technology LLC and C-Quest Technologies International LLC (which we refer together as C-Quest) - At 
December 31, 2020, we held a noncontrolling 12% interest in C-Quest’s global entities.  C-Quest possesses rights, information and 
technology for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions created by burning fossil fuels.  Thus far, C-Quest’s operations have been 
limited to laboratory testing.  C-Quest is determined to be a VIE, but we do not consolidate this investment into our consolidated 
financial statements because we are not the primary beneficiary or decision maker.   

94 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
   
       
         
         
  
       
         
         
  
     
       
         
         
  
     
       
         
         
  
     
     
       
 
Clean Coal Investments - 

  We have investments in limited liability companies that own 35 refined coal production plants which produce refined coal 

using proprietary technologies owned by Chem-Mod LLC.  We believe the production and sale of refined coal at these 
plants is qualified to receive refined coal tax credits under IRC Section 45.  The 14 plants placed in service prior to 
December 31, 2009 (which we refer to as the 2009 Era Plants) were eligible to receive tax credits through 2019 and the 21 
plants placed in service prior to December 31, 2011 (which we refer to as the 2011 Era Plants) are eligible to receive tax 
credits through 2021.   

 

As of December 31, 2020: 

o 

Twenty of the plants have long-term production contracts.   

o  We have a noncontrolling interest in one plant, which is owned by a limited liability company (which we refer to as 
a LLC).  We have determined that this LLC is a VIE, for which we are not the primary beneficiary and therefore do 
not consolidate it.  At December 31, 2020, total assets and total liabilities of this VIE were $36.6 million and 
$36.0 million, respectively.  For 2020, total revenues and expenses of this VIE were $35.2 million and 
$43.9 million, respectively.   

  We and our co-investors each fund our portion of the on-going operations of the limited liability companies in proportion 
to our investment ownership percentages.  Other than our portion of the on-going operational funding, there are no 
additional amounts that we are committed to related to funding these investments. 

Other Investments - At December 31, 2020, we owned a non-controlling, minority interest in four venture capital funds totaling 
$3.9 million and eight certified low-income housing developments with zero carrying value.  The low-income housing developments 
and real estate entities have been determined to be VIEs, but are not required to be consolidated due to our lack of control over their 
respective operations.  At December 31, 2020, total assets and total liabilities of these VIEs were approximately $4.8 million and 
$0.5 million, respectively. 

15.  Leases 

We have operating leases primarily related to branch facilities, data centers, sales offices, and agent locations, automobiles and office 
equipment.  Many of our leases include both lease (fixed rent payments) and non-lease components (common-area or other 
maintenance costs) which are accounted for as a single lease component as we have elected the practical expedient to group lease and 
non-lease components for all leases.  Variable lease payments, such as periodically indexed and/or market adjustments, are presented 
as lease expense in the period in which they are incurred.  Since we did not elect the short-term policy election, we record leases of 12 
months or less on the balance sheet.   

We exclude options to extend or terminate a lease from our recognition as part of our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities until those 
options are reasonably certain and/or executed.  We do not have any material guarantees, options to purchase, or restrictive covenants 
related to our leases. 

As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease 
commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments.  We consider qualitative factors including our derived 
credit rating, notched adjustments for collateralization, lease term, and, if significant, adjustments to our collateralized rate to borrow 
in the same currency in which the lease is denominated. 

The components of lease expense are as follows (in millions): 

Lease Components 
Operating lease expense 
Variable lease expense 
Sublease income 

   Total net lease expense 

Statement of Earnings 
Classification 

Year ended 
December 31, 2020 

   Operating expense 
   Operating expense 
   Investment income 

   $ 

   $ 

126.5   
22.0   
(1.1 ) 
147.4   

95 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
 
Variable lease cost consist primarily of common-area and other maintenance costs for our lease facilities, as well as variable lease 
payments related to indexed and/or market adjustments.  Our sublease income derives primarily from a few office lease arrangements 
and we have no significant sublease losses. 

Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases (in millions) 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of 
   lease liabilities: 

Operating cash flows from operating leases 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new 
   operating lease liabilities 

Year ended 
December 31, 2020 

   $ 

$ 

120.1   

71.2   

We present all noncash transactions related to adjustments to the lease liability or right-of-use asset as noncash transactions.  This 
includes all noncash charges related to any modification or reassessment events triggering remeasurement. 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate): 

Lease Components 
Lease right-of-use assets 
Other current lease liabilities 
Lease liabilities 

Total lease liabilities 

Weighted-average remaining lease term, years 
Weighted-average discount rate 

Balance Sheet Classification 

December 31, 2020 

   Right-of-use assets 
   Accrued compensation and other current liabilities 
   Lease liabilities - noncurrent 

   $ 

   $ 

Maturities of operating lease liabilities for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows (in millions): 

2021 
2022 
2023 
2024 
2025 
Thereafter 

Total lease payments 

Less interest 
Total 

   $ 

   $ 

373.9   
88.8   
320.9   
409.7   
5.3   
3.6 % 

108.5   
93.9   
75.1   
54.8   
41.6   
77.8   
451.7   
(42.0 ) 
409.7   

Our leases have remaining lease terms of 0.1 years to 11.7 years, some of which may include options to extend the leases for up to 
5.0 years and some of which may include options to terminate the leases.  

As of December 31, 2020, we have additional leases that have not yet commenced of $0.3 million.  These leases will commence in 
2021 with lease terms of 0.5 years to 5.4 years. 

16.  Derivatives and Hedging Activity 

We adopted ASU 2017-12 on January 1, 2019.  Among other provisions, the new standard required modification to existing 
presentation and disclosure requirements on a prospective basis.  As such, certain disclosures below conform to the disclosure 
requirements prior to the adoption of ASU 2017-12. 

We are exposed to market risks, including changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.  To manage the risk related to 
these exposures, we enter into various derivative instruments that reduce these risks by creating offsetting exposures.  We generally do 
not enter into derivative transactions for trading or speculative purposes. 

96 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Foreign Exchange Risk Management 

We are exposed to foreign exchange risk when we earn revenues, pay expenses, or enter into monetary intercompany transfers 
denominated in a currency that differs from our functional currency, or other transactions that are denominated in a currency other 
than our functional currency.  We use foreign exchange derivatives, typically forward contracts and options, to reduce our overall 
exposure to the effects of currency fluctuations on cash flows.  These exposures are hedged, on average, for less than three years. 

Interest Rate Risk Management 

We enter into various long-term debt agreements.  We use interest rate derivatives, typically swaps, to reduce our exposure to the 
effects of interest rate fluctuations on the forecasted interest rates for up to three years into the future. 

We have not received or pledged any collateral related to derivative arrangements at December 31, 2020. 

The notional and fair values of derivatives designated as hedging instruments are as follows at December 31, 2020 and 2019 
(in millions): 

Notional 
Amount 

Derivative Assets 

Balance Sheet 
Classification 

Fair 
Value 

Derivative Liabilities 

Balance Sheet 
Classification 

Fair 
Value 

Instrument 
At December 31, 2020 
Interest rate contracts 

   $ 

550.0       Other current assets 

   $ 

       Other noncurrent assets 

Foreign exchange contracts  (1) 

48.6       Other current assets 

Total 

At December 31, 2019 
Interest rate contracts 

   $ 

   $ 

       Other noncurrent assets 

598.6      

800.0       Other current assets 

       Other noncurrent assets 

Foreign exchange contracts  (1) 

31.7       Other current assets 

   $ 

831.7      

       Other noncurrent assets 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

Total 

(1) 

—       Accrued compensation and     $ 
—      

other current liabilities 

       Other noncurrent liabilities    
5.9       Accrued compensation and    

other current liabilities 

7.8       Other noncurrent liabilities    
13.7      

   $ 

2.8       Accrued compensation and     $ 
5.4      

other current liabilities 

       Other noncurrent liabilities    
4.5       Accrued compensation and    

other current liabilities 

8.5       Other noncurrent liabilities    
21.2      

   $ 

54.5   

10.9   
0.6   

3.3   
69.3   

25.0   

23.0   
1.8   

2.6   
52.4   

Included within foreign exchange contracts at December 31, 2020 were $354.7 million of call options offset with $354.7 million 
of put options, and $9.0 million of buy forwards offset with $57.6 million of sell forwards.  Included within foreign exchange 
contracts at December 31, 2019 were $342.0 million of call options offset with $342.0 million of put options, and $12.1 million 
of buy forwards offset with $43.8 million of sell forwards. 

Fair values of these hedge contracts are based on observable and unobservable inputs.  Observable inputs include all of the following: 
quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that 
are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (for example: interest rates and yield curves 
observable at commonly quoted intervals, implied volatilities, credit spreads) and market-corroborated inputs.  Unobservable inputs 
are used to measure fair value to the extent that relevant observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which 
there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. 

97 

 
 
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
The effect of cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows (in millions):  

Amount of 
Gain (Loss) 
Recognized in 
Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Loss (1) 

Amount of 
Gain (Loss) 
Reclassified 
from 
Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Loss into 
Earnings 

Amount of 
Gain (Loss) 
Recognized 
in Earnings 
Related to 
Amount 
Excluded 
from 
Effectiveness 
Testing 

Statement of Earnings 
Classification 

Instrument 
Year ended December 31, 2020 
Interest rate contracts 
Foreign exchange contracts 

Total 
Year ended December 31, 2019 
Interest rate contracts 
Foreign exchange contracts 

   $ 

   $ 

   $ 

(92.5 )    $ 
(4.6 )      

(97.1 )    $ 

(47.0 )    $ 
9.9        

Total 

   $ 

(37.1 )    $ 

(1.1 )    $ 
(2.4 )      
(1.6 )      
(1.2 )      
(6.3 )    $ 

(1.2 )    $ 
(1.6 )      
(1.4 )      
(1.0 )      
(5.2 )    $ 

—      Interest expense 

(0.4 )    Commission revenue 
1.6      Compensation expense 
1.1      Operating expense 
2.3        

—      Interest expense 

(0.8 )    Commission revenue 
1.2      Compensation expense 
0.9      Operating expense 
1.3        

(1)  During 2020, the amount excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness for our foreign exchange contracts recognized in 

accumulated other comprehensive loss was a loss of $1.3 million.   

We estimate that approximately $2.5 million of pretax loss currently included within accumulated other comprehensive loss will be 
reclassified into earnings in the next twelve months.   

17.  Commitments, Contingencies and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

In connection with our investing and operating activities, we have entered into certain contractual obligations and commitments.  See 
Notes 8 and 14 to these consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of these obligations and commitments.  Our future 
minimum cash payments, including interest, associated with our contractual obligations pursuant to the note purchase agreements, 
Credit Agreement, Premium Financing Debt Facility, operating leases and purchase commitments at December 31, 2020 were as 
follows (in millions):  

Contractual Obligations 
Note purchase agreements 
Credit Agreement 
Premium Financing Debt Facility 
Interest on debt 
Total debt obligations 
Operating lease obligations 
Less sublease arrangements 
Outstanding purchase obligations 
Total contractual obligations 

2021 

2022 

   $ 

   $ 

75.0      $ 
—        
203.6        
189.5        
468.1        
108.5        
(0.3 )      
75.3        
651.6      $ 

200.0      $ 
—        
—        
183.6        
383.6        
93.9        
(0.3 )      
49.4        
526.6      $ 

Payments Due by Period 
2024 

2023 

250.0      $ 
—        
—        
174.7        
424.7        
75.1        
(0.2 )      
30.8        
530.4      $ 

475.0      $ 
—        
—        
158.0        
633.0        
54.8        
(0.2 )      
21.9        
709.5      $ 

2025 

      Thereafter       

Total 

—        
—        

200.0      $  3,148.0      $  4,348.0   
—   
—        
203.6   
—        
143.4        
601.9         1,451.1   
343.4         3,749.9         6,002.7   
451.7   
41.6        
(0.2 )      
(1.7 ) 
16.7        
216.8   
401.5      $  3,849.9      $  6,669.5   

77.8        
(0.5 )      
22.7        

The amounts presented in the table above may not necessarily reflect our actual future cash funding requirements, because the actual 
timing of the future payments made may vary from the stated contractual obligation.  As of December 31, 2020, we had a 
$48.2 million accrued liability related to the Ashton Tiffany acquisition that is not in the foregoing table that may be settled using 
shares of our common stock in early February 2021.    

98 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
         
         
       
     
  
       
       
  
       
       
       
         
         
       
     
  
       
       
  
       
       
 
 
  
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
On December 23, 2020, we signed a definitive agreement to acquire 100% of the equity of The Bollington Wilson Group (which we 
refer to as Bollington) headquartered in Sale, Greater Manchester, U.K., for approximately $330.0 million of cash consideration.  The 
transaction is subject to regulatory approval, which was received on January 26, 2021, and is expected to close in February 2021. 

Note Purchase Agreements, Credit Agreement and Premium Financing Debt Facility - See Note 8 to these consolidated financial 
statements for a summary the amounts outstanding under the note purchase agreements, the Credit Agreement and Premium Debt 
Facility. 

Operating Lease Obligations - Our corporate segment’s executive offices and certain subsidiary and branch facilities of our 
brokerage and risk management segments are located in a building we own at 2850 Golf Road, Rolling Meadows, Illinois, where we 
have approximately 360,000 square feet of space and will accommodate approximately 2,000 employees at peak pre-pandemic 
capacity.  During first quarter 2017, we relocated our corporate office headquarters to the Rolling Meadows location.  Relating to the 
development of our corporate headquarters, we expect to receive property tax related credits under a tax-increment financing note 
from Rolling Meadows and an Illinois state Economic Development for a Growing Economy (which we refer to as EDGE) tax credit.  
Incentives from these two programs could total between $60.0 million and $90.0 million over a fifteen-year period.  We have earned 
approximately $25.5 million of EDGE credits from inception through December 31, 2020. 

We generally operate in leased premises at our other locations.  Certain of these leases have options permitting renewals for additional 
periods.  In addition to minimum fixed rentals, a number of leases contain annual escalation clauses which are generally related to 
increases in an inflation index. 

Total rent expense, including rent relating to cancelable leases and leases with initial terms of less than one year, amounted to 
$154.0 million in 2020, $148.1 million in 2019 and $140.0 million in 2018. 

We have leased certain office space to several non-affiliated tenants under operating sublease arrangements.  In the normal course of 
business, we expect that certain of these leases will not be renewed or replaced.  We adjust charges for real estate taxes and common 
area maintenance annually based on actual expenses, and we recognize the related revenues in the year in which the expenses are 
incurred.  These amounts are not included in the minimum future rentals to be received in the contractual obligations table above. 

Outstanding Purchase Obligations - We typically do not have a material amount of outstanding purchase obligations at any point in 
time.  The amount disclosed in the contractual obligations table above represents the aggregate amount of unrecorded purchase 
obligations that we had outstanding at December 31, 2020.  These obligations represent agreements to purchase goods or services that 
were executed in the normal course of business. 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments - Our total unrecorded commitments associated with outstanding letters of credit, financial 
guarantees and funding commitments at December 31, 2020 were as follows (in millions): 

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments 
Letters of credit 
Financial guarantees 
Total commitments 

Amount of Commitment Expiration by Period 

2021 

2022 

2023 

2024 

2025 

      Thereafter       

   $ 

   $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

—      $ 
0.2        
0.2      $ 

18.4      $ 
0.2        
18.6      $ 

Total 
Amounts 
Committed   
18.4   
1.2   
19.6   

Since commitments may expire unused, the amounts presented in the table above do not necessarily reflect our actual future cash 
funding requirements.  See Note 14 to these consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our funding commitments related to 
our corporate segment and the Off-Balance Sheet Debt section below for a discussion of other letters of credit.  All of the letters of 
credit represent multiple year commitments that have annual, automatic renewing provisions and are classified by the latest 
commitment date.   

Since January 1, 2002, we have acquired 583 companies, all of which were accounted for using the acquisition method for recording 
business combinations.  Substantially all of the purchase agreements related to these acquisitions contain provisions for potential 
earnout obligations.  For all of our acquisitions made in the period from 2016 to 2020 that contain potential earnout obligations, such 
obligations are measured at fair value as of the acquisition date and are included on that basis in the recorded purchase price 
consideration for the respective acquisition.  The amounts recorded as earnout payables are primarily based upon estimated future 
potential operating results of the acquired entities over a two- to three-year period subsequent to the acquisition date.  The aggregate 
amount of the maximum earnout obligations related to these acquisitions was $1,128.1 million, of which $592.2 million was recorded 

99 

 
 
  
  
        
  
  
  
     
     
     
     
     
 
in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 based on the estimated fair value of the expected future payments to be 
made, of which approximately $493.7 million can be settled in cash or stock at our option and $98.5 million must be settled in cash.   

Off-Balance Sheet Debt - Our unconsolidated investment portfolio includes investments in enterprises where our ownership interest 
is between 1% and 50%, in which management has determined that our level of influence and economic interest is not sufficient to 
require consolidation.  As a result, these investments are accounted for under the equity method.  None of these unconsolidated 
investments had any outstanding debt at December 31, 2020 and 2019 that was recourse to us. 

At December 31, 2020, we had posted two letters of credit totaling $9.4 million in the aggregate, related to our self-insurance 
deductibles, for which we had a recorded liability of $17.5 million.  We have an equity investment in a rent-a-captive facility, which 
we use as a placement facility for certain of our insurance brokerage operations.  At December 31, 2020, we had posted seven letters 
of credit totaling $7.5 million to allow certain of our captive operations to meet minimum statutory surplus requirements plus 
additional collateral related to premium and claim funds held in a fiduciary capacity, one letter of credit totaling $1.0 million for 
collateral related to claim funds held in a fiduciary capacity by a recent acquisition, and one letter of credit totaling $0.5 million as a 
security deposit for a 2015 acquisition’s lease.  These letters of credit have never been drawn upon. 

Our commitments associated with outstanding letters of credit, financial guarantees and funding commitments at December 31, 2020 
were as follows (all dollar amounts in table are in millions):  

Description, Purpose and Trigger 

Credit support under letters of credit (LOC) for 
   deductibles due by us on our own insurance 
   coverages - expires after 2025 

Trigger - We do not reimburse the insurance 
   companies for deductibles the insurance companies 
   advance on our behalf 

Credit enhancement under letters of credit for our 
   captive insurance operations to meet minimum 
   statutory capital requirements - expires after 2025 
Trigger - Dissolution or catastrophic financial 
   results of the operation 

Collateral related to claims funds held in a fiduciary 
   capacity by a recent acquisition - expires 2021 
Trigger - Claim payments are not made 

Credit support under letters of credit in lieu of a security 
   deposit for an acquisition's lease - expires after 2025 

Trigger - Lease payments do not get made 
Financial guarantees of loans to 5 Canadian-based 
   employees - expires when loan balances are reduced 
   to zero through May 2029 - Principal and interest 
   payments are paid quarterly 

Trigger - Default on loan payments 

   Collateral 

Compensation 
to Us 

Maximum 
Exposure 

Liability 
Recorded 

   None 

None 

   $ 

9.4      $ 

17.5   

   None 

Reimbursement 
of LOC fees 

   None 

None 

   None 

None 

7.5        

1.0        

0.5        

(1) 

None 

1.2        

-   

-   

-   

-   

   $ 

19.6      $ 

17.5   

(1)  The guarantees are collateralized by shares in minority holdings of our Canadian operating companies.  

Since commitments may expire unused, the amounts presented in the table above do not necessarily reflect our actual future cash 
funding requirements. 

Litigation, Regulatory and Taxation Matters - We are a defendant in various legal actions incidental to the nature of our business 
including but not limited to matters related to employment practices, alleged breaches of non-compete or other restrictive covenants, 
theft of trade secrets, breaches of fiduciary duties and related causes of action.  We are also periodically the subject of inquiries, 
investigations and reviews by regulatory and taxing authorities into various matters related to our business, including our operational, 
compliance and finance functions.  Neither the outcomes of these matters nor their effect upon our business, financial condition or 
results of operations can be determined at this time.   

100 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
        
   
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
        
   
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
        
   
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
        
   
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
     
        
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
On July 17, 2019, Midwest Energy Emissions Corp. and MES Inc. (which we refer to together as Midwest Energy) filed a patent 
infringement lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware against us, Chem-Mod LLC and numerous other 
related and unrelated parties.  The complaint alleges that the named defendants infringe patents held exclusively by Midwest Energy 
and seeks unspecified damages and injunctive relief.  On July 15, 2020, the district court dismissed Midwest Energy’s complaint 
without prejudice.  On the same day, Midwest Energy filed an amended complaint.  We filed a motion to dismiss the amended 
complaint, and Midwest Energy subsequently filed a second amended complaint, which we again have moved to dismiss.  We 
continue to defend this matter vigorously.  Litigation is inherently uncertain and it is not possible for us to predict the ultimate 
outcome of this matter and the financial impact to us.  We believe the probability of a material loss is remote. 

As previously disclosed, our IRC 831(b) (or “micro-captive”) advisory services businesses has been under investigation by the IRS 
since 2013.  Among other matters, the IRS is investigating whether we have been acting as a tax shelter promotor in connection with 
these operations.  Additionally, the IRS has initiated audits for the 2012 tax year, and subsequent tax years, of over 100 of the micro-
captive underwriting enterprises organized and/or managed by us.   

In May 2020 we learned that the DOJ is conducting a criminal investigation related to IRC 831(b) micro-captive underwriting 
enterprises.  We have been advised that we are not currently a target of the investigation.  In June 2020 our subsidiary Artex Risk 
Solutions, Inc. (which we refer to as Artex) received a grand jury subpoena requesting documents relating to its micro-captive 
advisory business.  We have produced documents in response to the subpoena.  We are fully cooperating with both the IRS 
investigation and the DOJ investigation.  We are not able to reasonably estimate the amount of any potential loss in connection with 
these investigations. 

On December 7, 2018, a class action lawsuit was filed against us, Artex and other defendants in the United States District Court for 
the District of Arizona.  The named plaintiffs are micro-captives and related entities and owners who had IRS Section 831(b) tax 
benefits disallowed by the IRS.  The complaint alleges that the defendants defrauded the plaintiffs by marketing and managing 
micro-captives with the knowledge that the captives did not constitute bona fide insurance and thus would not qualify for tax benefits.  
The complaint does not specify the amount of damages sought by the named plaintiffs.  On August 5, 2019, the trial court granted the 
defendants’ motion to compel arbitration and dismissed the class action lawsuit.  Plaintiffs appealed this ruling to the United States 
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.  On September 9, 2020, the Ninth Circuit Court affirmed the ruling of the trial court dismissing 
the class action lawsuit.  We will continue to defend against the lawsuit vigorously.  Litigation is inherently uncertain, however, and it 
is not possible for us to predict the ultimate outcome of this matter and the financial impact to us, nor are we able to reasonably 
estimate the amount of any potential loss in connection with this lawsuit. 

Contingent Liabilities - We purchase insurance to provide protection from errors and omissions (which we refer to as E&O) claims 
that may arise during the ordinary course of business.  Currently we retain the first $10.0 million of every E&O claim up to 
$10.0 million.  In addition, we retain, in aggregate: up to another $4.5 million between $10.0 million and $100.0 million, plus up to 
another $20.0 million between $100.0 million and $240.0 million, and up to another $27.0 million between $240.0 million and 
$350.0 million.  We have historically maintained self-insurance reserves for the portion of our E&O exposure that is not insured.  We 
periodically determine a range of possible reserve levels using actuarial techniques that rely heavily on projecting historical claim data 
into the future.  Our E&O reserve in the December 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet is above the lower end of the most recently 
determined actuarial range by $2.6 million and below the upper end of the actuarial range by $6.4 million.  In addition to this E&O 
reserve, in 2020, we established provisions for potential unusual pandemic related claim defense and other costs.  We can make no 
assurances that the historical claim data used to project the current reserve levels will be indicative of future claim activity.  Thus, the 
E&O reserve level and corresponding actuarial range could change in the future as more information becomes known, which could 
materially impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein. 

Tax-advantaged Investments No Longer Held - Between 1996 and 2007, we developed and then sold portions of our ownership in 
various energy related investments, many of which qualified for tax credits under IRC Section 29.  We recorded tax benefits in 
connection with our ownership in these investments.  At December 31, 2020, we had exposure on $108.0 million of previously earned 
tax credits.  Under the TCJA, a portion of these previously earned tax credits were refunded in 2019 for tax year 2018, according to a 
specific formula.  Under the Coronavirus Act, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the CARES Act), which was passed on March 27, 
2020, we accelerated the refund of all remaining credits on April 17, 2020, and the remaining credits were refunded to us in the second 
quarter of 2020.  In 2004, 2007 and 2009, the IRS examined several of these investments and all examinations were closed without 
any changes being proposed by the IRS.  However, any future adverse tax audits, administrative rulings or judicial decisions could 
disallow previously claimed tax credits.   

Due to the contingent nature of this exposure and our related assessment of its likelihood, no reserve has been recorded in our 
December 31, 2020 consolidated balance sheet related to this exposure. 

101 

 
 
18.  Insurance Operations 

We have ownership interests in several underwriting enterprises based in the U.S., Bermuda, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man and 
Malta that primarily operate segregated account “rent-a-captive” facilities.  These “rent-a-captive” facilities enable our clients to 
receive the benefits of owning a captive underwriting enterprise without incurring certain disadvantages of ownership.  Captive 
underwriting enterprises, or “rent-a-captive” facilities, are created for clients to insure their risks and capture any underwriting profit 
and investment income, which would then be available for use by the insureds, generally to reduce future costs of their insurance 
programs.  In general, these companies are set up as protected cell companies that are comprised of separate cell business units (which 
we refer to as Captive Cells) and the core regulated company (which we refer to as the Core Company).  The Core Company is owned 
and operated by us and no insurance policies are assumed by the Core Company.  All insurance is assumed or written within 
individual Captive Cells.  Only the activity of the supporting Core Company of the rent-a-captive facility is recorded in our 
consolidated financial statements, including cash and stockholder’s equity of the legal entity and any expenses incurred to operate the 
rent-a-captive facility.  Most Captive Cells reinsure individual lines of insurance coverage from external underwriting enterprises.  In 
addition, some Captive Cells offer individual lines of insurance coverage from one of our underwriting enterprise subsidiaries.  The 
different types of insurance coverage include special property, general liability, products liability, medical professional liability, other 
liability and medical stop loss.  The policies are generally claims-made.  Insurance policies are written by an underwriting enterprise 
and the risk is assumed by each of the Captive Cells.  In general, we structure these operations to have no underwriting risk on a net 
written basis.  In situations where we have assumed underwriting risk on a net written basis, we have managed that exposure by 
obtaining full collateral for the underwriting risk we have assumed from our clients.  We typically require pledged assets including 
cash and/or investment accounts or letters of credit to limit our risk. 

We have a wholly owned underwriting enterprise subsidiary based in the U.S. that cedes all of its insurance risk to reinsurers or 
captives under facultative and quota share treaty reinsurance agreements.  This company was established in fourth quarter 2014 and 
began writing business in December 2014.  These reinsurance arrangements diversify our business and minimize our exposure to 
losses or hazards of an unusual nature.  The ceding of insurance does not discharge us of our primary liability to the policyholder.  In 
the event that all or any of the reinsuring companies are unable to meet their obligations, we would be liable for such defaulted 
amounts.  Therefore, we are subject to credit risk with respect to the obligations of our reinsurers or captives.  In order to minimize our 
exposure to losses from reinsurer credit risk and insolvencies, we have managed that exposure by obtaining full collateral for which 
we typically require pledged assets, including cash and/or investment accounts or letters of credit, to fully offset the risk. 

Reconciliations of direct to net premiums, on a written and earned basis, for 2020, 2019 and 2018 related to the wholly-owned 
underwriting enterprise subsidiary discussed above are as follows (in millions): 

Direct 
Assumed 
Ceded 
Net 

   Written 
  $ 

2020 

2019 

2018 

Earned 

      Written 

Earned 

      Written 

Earned 

37.7     $ 
0.1       
(37.8 )     
-     $ 

40.7     $ 
0.9       
(41.6 )     
-     $ 

44.6     $ 
1.0       
(45.6 )     
-     $ 

59.1     $ 
1.9       
(61.0 )     
-     $ 

57.6     $ 
4.7       
(62.3 )     
-     $ 

53.2   
4.6   
(57.8 ) 
-   

  $ 

At December 31, 2020 and 2019, our underwriting enterprise subsidiary had reinsurance recoverables of $48.5 million and 
$45.7 million, respectively, related to liabilities established for ceded unearned premium reserves and loss and loss adjustment 
expense reserves.  These reinsurance recoverables relate to direct and assumed business that has been fully ceded to our reinsurers or 
captives and have been included in premiums and fees receivables in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. 

102 

 
 
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
  
    
    
 
19.  Income Taxes 

We and our principal domestic subsidiaries are included in a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return.  Our international 
subsidiaries file various income tax returns in their jurisdictions.  Earnings before income taxes in the table below include the impact 
of intercompany interest expense between domestic and foreign legal entities.  Domestic intercompany interest income and offsetting 
foreign intercompany interest expense were $24.0 million in 2020, $40.1 million in 2019 and $65.8 million in 2018.  Significant 
components of earnings before income taxes and the provision for income taxes are as follows (in millions): 

Earnings before income taxes: 

United States 

Foreign, principally Australia, Canada, New Zealand 
   and the U.K. 

Total earnings before income taxes 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes: 

Federal: 

Current 
Deferred 

State and local: 
Current 
Deferred 

Foreign: 

Current 
Deferred 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

524.4      $ 

388.4      $ 

337.6   

   $ 

   $ 

346.5        
870.9      $ 

237.7        
626.1      $ 

141.8   
479.4   

43.6      $ 
(112.4 )      
(68.8 )      

3.8      $ 
(142.5 )      
(138.7 )      

36.6        
(19.3 )      
17.3        

94.6        
(30.3 )      
64.3        
12.8      $ 

11.1        
(6.0 )      
5.1        

66.6        
(22.7 )      
43.9        
(89.7 )    $ 

—   
(214.0 ) 
(214.0 ) 

15.4   
(29.0 ) 
(13.6 ) 

60.7   
(29.6 ) 
31.1   
(196.5 ) 

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes 

   $ 

A reconciliation of the provision for income taxes with the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate is as follows (in millions, except 
percentages): 

Federal statutory rate 
State income taxes - net of 
   Federal benefit 
Differences related to non U.S. operations 
Alternative energy and other 
   tax credits 
Other permanent differences 
U.S. repatriation tax 
Stock-based compensation 
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits 
Change in valuation allowance 
Change in tax rates 
Other 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 

2020 

Year Ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

% of Pretax 
Earnings 

      Amount 

% of Pretax 
Earnings 

      Amount 

% of Pretax 
Earnings 

21.0     $ 

131.5       

21.0     $ 

100.7       

21.0   

   Amount 
  $ 

182.9       

22.2       
(2.5 )     

2.6       
(0.3 )     

4.4       
(10.1 )     

0.7       
(1.6 )     

8.5       
(14.8 )     

(154.3 )     
(15.7 )     
-       
(31.4 )     
-       
6.5       
5.5       
(0.4 )     
12.8     $ 

(17.7 )     
(1.8 )     
-       
(3.6 )     
-       
0.7       
0.6       
-       
1.5     $ 

(196.1 )     
(7.6 )     
-       
(16.2 )     
0.8       
7.5       
(3.7 )     
(0.2 )     
(89.7 )   $ 

(31.3 )     
(1.2 )     
-       
(2.6 )     
0.1       
1.2       
(0.6 )     
-       
(14.3 )   $ 

(252.9 )     
0.9       
(1.8 )     
(15.0 )     
(0.2 )     
(22.0 )     
-       
0.1       
(196.5 )   $ 

  $ 

1.8   
(3.1 ) 

(52.8 ) 
0.2   
(0.4 ) 
(3.1 ) 
-   
(4.6 ) 
-   
-   
(41.0 ) 

103 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
         
         
  
  
     
        
        
   
     
     
        
        
   
     
        
        
   
     
  
     
     
        
        
   
     
     
  
     
     
        
        
   
     
     
  
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
     
     
     
  
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the total amounts of gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows 
(in millions): 

Gross unrecognized tax benefits at January 1 
Increases in tax positions for current year 
Settlements 
Lapse in statute of limitations 
Increases in tax positions for prior years 
Decreases in tax positions for prior years 
Gross unrecognized tax benefits at December 31 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

  $ 

  $ 

11.5      $ 
2.9        
(1.1 )      
(1.2 )      
0.2        
(1.1 )      
11.2      $ 

10.7   
2.1   
(0.4 ) 
(1.1 ) 
0.6   
(0.4 ) 
11.5   

The total amount of net unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate was $9.5 million and 
$9.4 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.  We accrue interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in 
our provision for income taxes.  At December 31, 2020 and 2019, we had accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax 
benefits of $3.0 million and $3.1 million, respectively.   

We file income tax returns in the U.S. and in various state, local and foreign jurisdictions.  We are routinely examined by tax 
authorities in these jurisdictions.  At December 31, 2020, our corporate returns had been examined by the IRS through calendar year 
2010.  The IRS is currently conducting various examinations of calendar years 2011 and 2012.  In addition, a number of foreign, state, 
local and partnership examinations for later years are currently ongoing.  It is reasonably possible that our gross unrecognized tax 
benefits may change within the next twelve months.  However, we believe any changes in the recorded balance would not have a 
significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for 
financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.  Significant components of our deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are as follows (in millions): 

Deferred tax assets: 

Alternative minimum tax and other credit carryforwards 
Accrued and unfunded compensation and employee benefits 
Amortizable intangible assets 
Compensation expense related to stock options 
Accrued liabilities 
Accrued pension liability 
Investments 
Net operating loss carryforwards 
Capital loss carryforwards 
Lease liabilities 
Hedging instruments 
Other 

Total deferred tax assets 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Nondeductible amortizable intangible assets 
Investment-related partnerships 
Depreciable fixed assets 
Right-of-use assets 
Revenue recognition 
Other prepaid items 

Total deferred tax liabilities 
Net deferred tax assets 

104 

December 31, 

2020 

2019 

   $ 

   $ 

998.0      $ 
239.9        
61.3        
14.4        
65.7        
9.3        
1.3        
36.1        
9.0        
96.3        
34.6        
2.8        
1,568.7        
(94.9 )      
1,473.8        

316.9        
8.5        
32.4        
92.2        
33.1        
12.0        
495.1        
978.7      $ 

962.1   
156.0   
54.3   
11.3   
63.9   
9.9   
0.9   
37.2   
12.6   
65.3   
11.7   
4.3   
1,389.5   
(80.5 ) 
1,309.0   

322.4   
9.1   
22.4   
62.6   
63.7   
10.6   
490.8   
818.2   

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
       
         
  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
At December 31, 2020 and 2019, $106.9 million and $127.5 million, respectively, have been included in noncurrent liabilities in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  AMT credits have been utilized or refunded in 2020, due to the CARES Act legislation, 
general business and other tax credits of $983.0  million begin to expire, if not utilized, in 2034 and state credits, net of federal benefit, 
of $15.0 million expire, if not used, by 2025.  Net operating loss carryforwards of $36.1 million, related to federal, state and foreign 
begin to expire, if not utilized in 2023.  We expect the historically favorable trend in earnings before income taxes to continue in the 
foreseeable future.  Accordingly, we expect to make full use of the net deferred tax assets.  Valuation allowances have been 
established for certain foreign intangible assets and various net operating loss carryforwards that may not be utilized in the future. 

At December 31, 2020, foreign earnings in all jurisdictions are considered indefinitely reinvested offshore.  We have not provided for 
state or withholding income taxes on the undistributed earnings of $658.9 million and $574.0 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively, of foreign subsidiaries which are considered permanently invested outside of the U.S.  The amount of unrecognized 
deferred tax liability on these undistributed earnings was not material at December 31, 2020 and 2019.     

Current U.S. tax law requires U.S. shareholders to include in income certain “global intangible low-taxed income” (which we refer to 
as GILTI) beginning in 2018.  Our policy is to include the GILTI income in the future period when the tax arises and we recorded 
income tax expense on such income in 2020, 2019 and 2018.  Current U.S. tax law includes the U.S. Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse 
Tax (which we refer to as BEAT) beginning in 2018.   Based on our analysis, we determined that our base erosion payments do not 
exceed the threshold for applicability for the years in 2020, 2019 and 2018, and we do not currently anticipate any significant long-
term impact from the BEAT in our provision for income taxes in future periods. 

On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  The CARES Act contains several 
significant business tax provisions that could affect a company’s accounting for income taxes.  See discussion of the various impacts 
of the CARES Act below. 

Deferred Income Taxes - In the 2018 consolidated financial statements, we finalized the revaluation of our net deferred tax asset as a 
result of the TCJA by recognizing an additional $2.9 million net benefit to the provision for income taxes.  The CARES Act amends 
Section 53(e) of the TCJA so that all prior year minimum tax credits are available for refund for the first taxable year of a corporation 
beginning in 2018.  We have adjusted the deferred tax asset classification of the remaining AMT credits as a result of the AMT credit 
acceleration.  All remaining AMT credits were utilized as part of our 2019 federal income tax return and refunded in 2020.  The 
CARES Act also delayed certain payroll taxes until the years 2021 and 2022.  At December 31, 2020, $12.9 million of deferred tax 
assets have been included due to deferral of payroll taxes, which will be reversed in 2021 and 2022. 

20.  Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information  

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information (in millions): 
Interest paid 
Income taxes paid, net 

2020 

Year ended December 31, 
2019 

2018 

   $ 

188.9      $ 
113.0        

169.2      $ 
22.2        

139.2   
68.1   

Income taxes paid in the table above were net of AMT credit and other U.S. federal refunds of ($28.5) million in 2020, ($63.6) million 
in 2019 and ($2.4) million in 2018.  

The following is a reconciliation of our end of period cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances as presented in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in millions): 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 

2020 

664.6      $ 
2,909.7        
3,574.3      $ 

   $ 

   $ 

December 31, 
2019 

604.8      $ 
2,019.1        
2,623.9      $ 

2018 

607.2   
1,629.6   
2,236.8   

We have a qualified contributory savings and thrift 401(k) plan covering the majority of our domestic employees.  For eligible 
employees who have met the plan’s age and service requirements to receive matching contributions, we historically have matched 
100% of pre-tax and Roth elective deferrals up to a maximum of 5.0% of eligible compensation, subject to federal limits on plan 
contributions and not in excess of the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes.  Beginning in 2021, the amount 
matched by the company will be discretionary and annually determined by management.  Employees must be employed and eligible 

105 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     
 
for the plan on the last day of the plan year to receive a matching contribution, subject to certain exceptions enumerated in the plan 
document.  Matching contributions are subject to a five-year graduated vesting schedule and can be funded in cash or company stock.  
We expensed (net of plan forfeitures) $63.6 million, $59.4 million and $53.9 million related to the plan in 2020, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively.  Our board of directors has authorized use of common stock to fund our 2020 employer matching contributions to the 
401(k) plan, which we plan to do in February 2021. 

21.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Earnings  

The after-tax components of our accumulated comprehensive earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interests consist of the 
following (in millions):   

Balance as of January 1, 2018 
Reclassification to retained earnings of income tax 

effects related to the TCJA 

Net change in period 
Balance as of December 31, 2018 
Cumulative effect of adoption of new 

accounting standards 

Net change in period 
Balance as of December 31, 2019 
Net change in period 
Balance as of December 31, 2020 

Pension 
Liability 

Foreign 
Currency 
Translation       

Fair Value 
of Derivative 
Instruments       

Accumulated 
Comprehensive 
Earnings 
(Loss) 

  $ 

(43.0 )   $ 

(521.3 )   $ 

8.9     $ 

(555.4 ) 

(7.9 )     
(10.3 )     
(61.2 )     

—       
4.7       
(56.5 )     
0.4       
(56.1 )   $ 

—       
(197.7 )     
(719.0 )     

—       
44.2       
(674.8 )     
183.7       
(491.1 )   $ 

1.3       
(15.6 )     
(5.4 )     

(0.2 )     
(22.7 )     
(28.3 )     
(68.1 )     
(96.4 )   $ 

(6.6 ) 
(223.6 ) 
(785.6 ) 

(0.2 ) 
26.2   
(759.6 ) 
116.0   
(643.6 ) 

  $ 

The foreign currency translation in 2020, 2019 and 2018 relates to the net impact of changes in the value of the local currencies 
relative to the U.S. dollar for our operations in the U.K., Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the Caribbean, India and other non-U.S. 
locations.   

During 2020, 2019 and 2018, $6.1 million, $7.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively, of expense related to the pension liability was 
reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to compensation expense in the statement of earnings.  During 2020, 2019 
and 2018, $6.3 million of expense, $5.2 million of expense and $5.7 million of income, respectively, related to the fair value of 
derivative investments, was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the statement of earnings.  During 2020, 2019 
and 2018, no amounts related to foreign currency translation were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the 
statement of earnings. 

106 

 
 
  
  
     
  
      
        
        
        
  
    
    
    
      
        
        
        
  
    
    
    
    
 
22.  Quarterly Operating Results (unaudited) 

Quarterly operating results for 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions, except per share data): 

2020 

Total revenues 
Total expenses 
Earnings before income taxes 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Basic net earnings per share 
Diluted net earnings per share 

2019 

Total revenues 
Total expenses 
Earnings before income taxes 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Basic net earnings per share 
Diluted net earnings per share 

1st 

2nd 

3rd 

4th 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 

   $ 

   $ 
   $ 
   $ 
   $ 

1,866.9      $ 
1,510.9        
356.0      $ 
346.3      $ 
1.83      $ 
1.79      $ 

1,584.0      $ 
1,412.3        
171.7      $ 
153.7      $ 
0.81      $ 
0.79      $ 

1,849.1      $ 
1,639.6        
209.5      $ 
176.6      $ 
0.92      $ 
0.90      $ 

1,990.6      $ 
1,668.8        
321.8      $ 
334.1      $ 
1.81      $ 
1.77      $ 

1,657.8      $ 
1,552.3        
105.5      $ 
110.1      $ 
0.59      $ 
0.58      $ 

1,825.2      $ 
1,710.4        
114.8      $ 
126.1      $ 
0.68      $ 
0.66      $ 

1,703.6   
1,569.9   
133.7   
142.2   
0.74   
0.72   

1,721.4   
1,637.4   
84.0   
98.5   
0.53   
0.51   

23.  Segment Information 

We have three reportable segments: brokerage, risk management and corporate.   

The brokerage segment is primarily comprised of our retail and wholesale insurance brokerage operations.  The brokerage segment 
generates revenues through commissions paid by underwriting enterprises and through fees charged to our clients.  Our brokers, 
agents and administrators act as intermediaries between underwriting enterprises and our clients and we do not assume net 
underwriting risks.   

The risk management segment provides contract claim settlement and administration services for enterprises and public entities that 
choose to self-insure some or all of their property/casualty coverages and for underwriting enterprises that choose to outsource some 
or all of their property/casualty claims departments.  These operations also provide claims management, loss control consulting and 
insurance property appraisal services.  Revenues are principally generated on a negotiated per-claim or per-service fee basis.  Our risk 
management segment also provides risk management consulting services that are recognized as the services are delivered. 

The corporate segment manages our clean energy and other investments.  In addition, the corporate segment reports the financial 
information related to our debt and other corporate costs, external acquisition-related expenses and the impact of foreign currency 
translation.   

Allocations of investment income and certain expenses are based on reasonable assumptions and estimates primarily using revenue, 
headcount and other information.  We allocate the provision for income taxes to the brokerage and risk management segments using 
the local country statutory rates.  Reported operating results by segment would change if different methods were applied.   

107 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
       
         
         
         
  
     
  
       
         
         
         
  
       
         
         
         
  
     
 
Financial information relating to our segments for 2020, 2019 and 2018 is as follows (in millions): 

Year Ended December 31, 2020 
Revenues: 

Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income 
Net losses on divestitures 
Revenue from clean coal activities 
Other net losses 

Revenues before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 

Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Reimbursements 
Cost of revenues from clean coal activities 
Interest 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 

Total expenses 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 
Net earnings (loss) 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interests 
Net foreign exchange loss 
Revenues: 

United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total revenues 

At December 31, 2020 
Identifiable assets: 
United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total identifiable assets 

Goodwill - net 
Amortizable intangible assets - net 

   Brokerage 

Risk 

Management        Corporate 

Total 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

3,591.9   
1,136.9   
221.9   
147.0   
75.2   
(5.8 )     
—   
—   
5,167.1   

—       
5,167.1       
2,882.5       
687.2       
—       
—       
—       
73.5       
411.3       
(29.7 )     
4,024.8       
1,142.3   
276.3   
866.0       
4.9       
 $ 
(2.6 )   $ 

861.1   

3,369.4   
993.7   
216.1   
243.8   
141.8   
202.3   
5,167.1   

8,897.9   
6,135.1   
1,373.3   
1,053.6   
766.0   
959.4   
19,185.3   
6,053.6   
2,376.3   

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

—   
821.0   
—   
—   
0.7   
—   
—   
—   
821.7   
151.7       
973.4       
517.5       
162.6       
151.7       
—       
—       
49.4       
6.0       
(3.2 )     
884.0       
89.4   
22.5   
66.9       
—       
66.9   
 $ 
(0.1 )   $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

816.4   
40.7   
98.4   
5.3   
12.6   
—   
973.4   

716.2   
139.2   
89.6   
4.8   
24.1   
—   
973.9   
70.5   
23.6   

 $ 

—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
863.5   

(0.4 )     

863.1   

—       
863.1       
66.5       
56.7       
—       
882.1       
196.4       
22.2       
—       
—       
1,223.9       
(360.8 )     
(286.0 )     
(74.8 )     
34.4       
(109.2 )   $ 
(0.2 )   $ 

863.1   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
863.1   

2,172.2   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
2,172.2   
2.9   
—   

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

3,591.9   
1,957.9   
221.9   
147.0   
75.9   
(5.8 ) 
863.5   
(0.4 ) 
6,851.9   
151.7   
7,003.6   
3,466.5   
906.5   
151.7   
882.1   
196.4   
145.1   
417.3   
(32.9 ) 
6,132.7   
870.9   
12.8   
858.1   
39.3   
818.8   
(2.9 ) 

5,048.9   
1,034.4   
314.5   
249.1   
154.4   
202.3   
7,003.6   

11,786.3   
6,274.3   
1,462.9   
1,058.4   
790.1   
959.4   
22,331.4   
6,127.0   
2,399.9   

108 

 
 
     
     
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Year Ended December 31, 2019 
Revenues: 

Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income 
Net gains on divestitures 
Revenue from clean coal activities 
Other net losses 

Revenues before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 

Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Reimbursements 
Cost of revenues from clean coal activities 
Interest 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 

Total expenses 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 
Net earnings (loss) 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings (loss) attributable to controlling interests 
Net foreign exchange loss 
Revenues: 

United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total revenues 

At December 31, 2019 
Identifiable assets: 
United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total identifiable assets 

Goodwill - net 
Amortizable intangible assets - net 

   Brokerage 

Risk 

Management        Corporate 

Total 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

3,320.6     $ 
1,074.2       
210.5       
135.6       
85.3       
75.3       
—       
—       
4,901.5       
—       
4,901.5       
2,745.9       
796.5       
—       
—       
—       
66.6       
329.1       
16.9       
3,955.0       
946.5       
229.2       
717.3       
17.2       
700.1     $ 
(1.0 )   $ 

3,234.3     $ 
921.8       
211.3       
221.4       
145.6       
167.1       
4,901.5     $ 

8,132.3     $ 
4,964.5       
1,217.9       
913.6       
695.9       
817.7       
16,741.9     $ 
5,548.9     $ 
2,289.9       

—     $ 
836.9       
—       
—       
1.6       
—       
—       
—       
838.5       
138.6       
977.1       
515.7       
184.9       
138.6       
—       
—       
46.2       
4.9       
(1.6 )     
888.7       
88.4       
22.2       
66.2       
—       
66.2     $ 
(0.1 )   $ 

828.4     $ 
41.6       
87.3       
4.6       
15.2       
—       
977.1     $ 

655.6     $ 
126.6       
90.0       
3.1       
22.8       
—       
898.1     $ 
66.6     $ 
28.8       

—     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
1,319.3       
(2.9 )     
1,316.4       
—       
1,316.4       
77.9       
87.1       
—       
1,352.8       
179.8       
27.6       
—       
—       
1,725.2       
(408.8 )     
(341.1 )     
(67.7 )     
29.8       
(97.5 )   $ 
(5.6 )   $ 

1,316.4     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
1,316.4     $ 

1,994.8     $ 
—       
—       
—       
—       
—       
1,994.8     $ 
3.0     $ 
—       

3,320.6   
1,911.1   
210.5   
135.6   
86.9   
75.3   
1,319.3   
(2.9 ) 
7,056.4   
138.6   
7,195.0   
3,339.5   
1,068.5   
138.6   
1,352.8   
179.8   
140.4   
334.0   
15.3   
6,568.9   
626.1   
(89.7 ) 
715.8   
47.0   
668.8   
(6.7 ) 

5,379.1   
963.4   
298.6   
226.0   
160.8   
167.1   
7,195.0   

10,782.7   
5,091.1   
1,307.9   
916.7   
718.7   
817.7   
19,634.8   
5,618.5   
2,318.7   

109 

 
 
     
     
  
   
       
       
       
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
   
    
    
   
       
       
       
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
       
       
       
   
   
       
       
       
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Year Ended December 31, 2018 
Revenues: 

Commissions 
Fees 
Supplemental revenues 
Contingent revenues 
Investment income 
Net gains on divestitures 
Revenue from clean coal activities 
Other net gains 

Revenues before reimbursements 

Reimbursements 

Total revenues 

Compensation 
Operating 
Reimbursements 
Cost of revenues from clean coal activities 
Interest 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Change in estimated acquisition earnout payables 

Total expenses 

Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 
Net earnings 
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests 
Net earnings attributable to controlling interests 
Net foreign exchange gain 
Revenues: 

United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total revenues 

At December 31, 2018 
Identifiable assets: 
United States 
United Kingdom 
Australia 
Canada 
New Zealand 
Other foreign 

Total identifiable assets 

Goodwill - net 
Amortizable intangible assets - net 

   Brokerage 

Risk 

Management        Corporate 

Total 

 $ 

—   
797.8   
—   
—   
0.5   
—   
—   
—   
798.3   
141.6       
939.9       
489.7       
174.6       
141.6       
—       
—       
38.7       
4.3       
(4.7 )     
844.2       
95.7   
25.3   
70.4       
-       
 $ 
 $ 

70.4   
-   

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

789.7   
35.4   
94.7   
4.3   
15.8   
—   
939.9   

571.4   
103.8   
47.2   
4.4   
21.3   
—   
748.1   
49.3   
19.3   

 $ 

—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
1,746.3   
0.9   
1,747.2   

—       
1,747.2       
89.5       
55.6       
—       
1,816.0       
138.4       
28.2       
—       
—       
2,127.7       
(380.5 )     
(412.8 )     
32.3       
31.7       
 $ 
0.6   
 $ 
2.9   

1,747.2   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
1,747.2   

1,800.8   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
1,800.8   
2.7   
—   

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

2,920.7   
1,756.3   
189.9   
98.0   
70.1   
10.2   
1,746.3   
0.9   
6,792.4   
141.6   
6,934.0   
3,026.3   
903.7   
141.6   
1,816.0   
138.4   
127.8   
291.2   
9.6   
6,454.6   
479.4   
(196.5 ) 
675.9   
42.4   
633.5   
2.9   

5,377.8   
773.9   
290.6   
185.4   
157.5   
148.8   
6,934.0   

9,237.6   
3,862.3   
1,143.3   
787.5   
709.8   
593.5   
16,334.0   
4,625.6   
1,773.0   

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

 $ 

2,920.7   
958.5   
189.9   
98.0   
69.6   
10.2   
—   
—   
4,246.9   

—       
4,246.9       
2,447.1       
673.5       
—       
—       
—       
60.9       
286.9       
14.3       
3,482.7       
764.2   
191.0   
573.2       
10.7       
 $ 
562.5   
 $ 
-   

2,840.9   
738.5   
195.9   
181.1   
141.7   
148.8   
4,246.9   

6,865.4   
3,758.5   
1,096.1   
783.1   
688.5   
593.5   
13,785.1   
4,573.6   
1,753.7   

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 
 $ 

110 

 
 
     
     
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements  

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. (Gallagher) as of December 31, 2020 and 
2019, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive earnings, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the 
three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at 
Item 15(2)(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”).  In our opinion, the consolidated financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Gallagher at December 31, 2020 and 2019, and 
the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), Gallagher's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 
framework), and our report dated February 5, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion  

These financial statements are the responsibility of Gallagher's management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
Gallagher’s financial statements based on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to 
be independent with respect to Gallagher in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations 
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.  
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to 
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence 
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used 
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.  We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.  

Critical Audit Matters  

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were 
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material 
to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments.  The communication of 
critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, 
by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or 
disclosures to which they relate. 

  Business acquisitions – Accounting for acquisitions 

Description of the 
Matter 

  As described in Note 3 to the financial statements, Gallagher completed 27 acquisitions during 2020 for total 
net consideration of $876.1 million.  All of the acquisitions have been accounted for using the acquisition 
method for recording business combinations.  The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of 
the net assets acquired, including identifiable intangible assets, at the acquisitions date was allocated to 
goodwill.  Identifiable intangible assets consists primarily of acquired customer lists of $467.2 million. 

Auditing the accounting for these acquisitions involved subjectivity in evaluating management’s estimates, 
specifically, the identification and measurement of intangible assets and earnout obligations.  Gallagher, with 
the assistance of a third-party valuation firm, used the discounted cash flow method to measure the fair value 
of the intangible assets and earnout obligations.  The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of 
the intangible assets and earnout obligations included discount rates, revenue growth rates and projected profit 
margins.  These assumptions are forward-looking and could be affected by future economic and market 
conditions. 

111 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
How We Addressed 
the Matter in Our 
Audit 

  We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the controls over 
Gallagher’s accounting for the acquisitions noted above.  For example, we tested controls over the recognition 
and measurement of assets acquired, consideration paid and payable, and management’s review of significant 
assumptions used to determination of the fair value of intangible assets and earnout obligations. 

To test the estimated fair value of the acquisitions noted above, our audit procedures included, among other 
things, an evaluation for a sample of the acquisitions of (1) the identification of intangible assets, against the 
terms of the purchase agreements, (2) the fair value measurement of earnout obligations, including the terms 
of the arrangements and the conditions that must be met for the arrangements to become payable, as noted in 
the agreements; and (3) the significant assumptions, including discount rates, revenue growth rates, and 
projected profit margins, used to value the identifiable intangible assets.  We utilized the assistance of 
valuation specialists and compared the noted assumptions, to the historical results of the acquired companies, 
past performance of similar Gallagher acquisitions, and current market conditions.  Additionally, we tested the 
completeness and accuracy of the underlying data supporting the fair value estimates. 

  Brokerage revenue recognition 

Description of the 
Matter 

  As described in Note 1 to the financial statements, Gallagher accounts for its brokerage revenue transactions 
by deferring a portion of the revenue to reflect delivery of services over the contract period.  Total deferred 
revenue as of December 31, 2020 was $354.7 million for the brokerage segment, which represents the 
remaining performance obligations under contracts Gallagher has with its customers.  

Auditing the accounting for revenue recognition involved subjectivity and complexity in evaluating 
management's estimates, specifically, the impact of significant assumptions, including revenue deferral rates, 
on the timing of revenue recognition for Gallagher’s brokerage revenue.  These revenue deferral rates are used 
to estimate future service obligations and contain significant subjectivity and variability. 

How We Addressed 
the Matter in Our 
Audit 

  We obtained an understanding of Gallagher’s key revenue recognition processes and tested the design and 

operating effectiveness of revenue recognition controls, including controls over management’s review of the 
significant revenue deferral assumptions.  We also tested controls over the completeness and accuracy of the 
inputs used to estimate the deferred revenue, including reconciliation controls.  

Our audit procedures over brokerage revenue included, among other things, an evaluation of Gallagher’s 
identification of performance obligations against contractual terms, and the significant assumptions used by 
management in estimating deferred revenue, including time studies.  Our procedures also included testing the 
accuracy and completeness of the underlying data used by management in determining such assumptions by 
comparing a sample of transactions to source documentation and recalculating the application of deferral rates 
for a sample of product lines and divisions.   

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 
Ernst & Young LLP 

We have served as Gallagher’s auditor since 1973 
Chicago, Illinois 
February 5, 2021 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in 
Rules 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act.  Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including our principal 
executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial 
reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework).   

In conducting our assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting, we have excluded 15 of the 
27 entities acquired in 2020, which are included in our 2020 consolidated financial statements.  Collectively, these acquired entities 
constituted approximately 0.7% of total assets as of December 31, 2020, approximately 0.2% of total revenues, and approximately 
0.0% of net earnings for the year then ended.   

Based on our assessment under the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, management concluded that our internal 
control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.  In addition, the effectiveness of our internal control over 
financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting 
firm, as stated in their attestation report which is included herein. 

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Rolling Meadows, Illinois 
February 5, 2021 

/s/ J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 
J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer 

/s/ Douglas K. Howell 
Douglas K. Howell 
Chief Financial Officer 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.’s (Gallagher) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission (2013 framework), (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Gallagher maintained, in all material respects, effective internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.  

As indicated in the accompanying management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, management’s assessment of 
and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of 15 of the 
27 entities acquired in 2020, which are included in the 2020 consolidated financial statements of Gallagher and constituted 
approximately 0.7% of total assets as of December 31, 2020, approximately 0.2% of total revenues, and approximately 0.0% of net 
earnings for the year then ended.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Gallagher also did not include an evaluation 
of the internal control over financial reporting of these acquired entities. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, 
comprehensive earnings, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and 
the related notes and the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(2)(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated 
financial statements”) of Gallagher and our report dated February 5, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.  

Basis for Opinion  

Gallagher’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying management’s Report on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on Gallagher’s internal control over financial reporting based on our 
audit.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to Gallagher in 
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.   

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such 
other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our 
opinion.  

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the 
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect 
on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 
Ernst & Young LLP 

Chicago, Illinois 
February 5, 2021 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.  

There were no changes in or disagreements with our accountants on matters related to accounting and financial disclosure. 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. 

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. 

We carried out an evaluation required by the Exchange Act, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive 
officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as 
defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the 1934 Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on this evaluation, our principal 
executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide 
reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the 1934 Act is 
recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and to provide 
reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive 
officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  

Design and Evaluation of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. 

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives as specified above.  
Management does not expect, however, that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent or detect all error and fraud.  Any 
control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, not 
absolute, assurance that its objectives will be met.  Further, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that 
misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have 
been detected.  Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we included a report of management’s assessment of the 
design and effectiveness of our internal controls as part of this annual report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020.  Our 
independent registered public accounting firm also attested to, and reported on, the effectiveness of internal control over financial 
reporting.  Management’s report and the independent registered public accounting firm’s attestation report are included in Item 8, 
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” under the captions entitled “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over 
Financial Reporting” and “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.” 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. 

During the most recent fiscal quarter, there has not occurred any change in our internal control over financial reporting that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.  

Item 9B. Other Information. 

None. 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

Part III 

Our 2021 Proxy Statement will include the information required by this item under the headings “Election of Directors,” “Other Board 
Matters,” “Board Committees” and, if necessary, “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” which we incorporate herein by reference.   

Item 11. Executive Compensation.  

Our 2021 Proxy Statement will include the information required by this item under the headings “Compensation Committee Report” 
and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis,” which we incorporate herein by reference.  

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.  

Our 2021 Proxy Statement will include the information required by this item under the headings “Security Ownership by Certain 
Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information,” which we incorporate herein by reference.  

115 

 
 
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.  

Our 2021 Proxy Statement will include the information required by this item under the headings “Certain Relationships and Related 
Transactions” and “Other Board Matters,” which we incorporate herein by reference.  

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.  

Our 2021 Proxy Statement will include the information required by this item under the heading “Ratification of Appointment of 
Independent Auditor - Principal Accountant Fees and Services,” which we incorporate herein by reference.  

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.  

The following documents are filed as a part of this report:  

1. 

Consolidated Financial Statements: 

Part IV 

(a)  Consolidated Statement of Earnings for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020. 

(b)  Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. 

(c)  Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020. 

(d)  Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020. 

(e)  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

(f)  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Financial Statements. 

(g)  Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. 

(h)  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. 

2. 

Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of this Form:  

(a)  Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. 

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, or not required, or because the required information is included in our 
consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto. Exhibits:  

    3.1 

  Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. (incorporated by reference to the same 
exhibit number to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008, File No. 1-09761). 

    3.2 

  Amended and Restated By-Laws of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to 

our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020, File No. 1-09761). 

    4.1 

  Description of Securities (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 

2019, File No. 1-09761. 

    4.2 

    4.3 

*10.11 

  Second Amended and Restated Multicurrency Credit Agreement, dated as of June 7, 2019, among Arthur J. Gallagher & 
Co., the other borrowers party thereto, the lenders party thereto, Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, BMO Capital 
Markets, BofA Securities, Inc., Barclays Bank PLC, Citibank, N.A. and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as joint lead 
arrangers, joint book runners and co-syndication agents, and Capital One, National Association, HSBC Bank USA, 
National Association, PNC Bank, National Association and U.S. Bank National Association, as co-documentation agents 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 8-K Current Report dated June 7, 2019). 

   Amendment No. 1, dated August 27, 2020, to the Second Amended and Restated Multicurrency Credit Agreement dated 
June 7, 2019, between Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., Bank of Montreal, as administrative agent, and other lenders signatory 
thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended 
September 30, 2020, File No. 1-09761. 

  Form of Indemnity Agreement between Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and each of our directors and corporate officers 

(incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended 
March 31, 2009, File No. 1-09761). 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*10.12 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Deferral Plan for Nonemployee Directors (amended and restated as of January 1, 2011) 

(incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2010, File No. 1-09761). 
*10.14.1    Form of Change in Control Agreement between Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and those Executive Officers hired prior to 
January 1, 2008 (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2011, File 
No. 1-09761). 

*10.14.2    Form of Change in Control Agreement between Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and those Executive Officers hired after 

January 1, 2008 (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2011, File 
No. 1-09761). 

*10.15 

  The Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Supplemental Savings and Thrift Plan, as amended and restated effective October 20, 

2020. 

*10.16 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Deferred Equity Participation Plan amended and restated as of March 12, 2020 (incorporated 
by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2020 File No. 1 
09761). 

*10.16.1 

  Form of Deferred Equity Participation Plan Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to 

our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2014, File No. 1-09761).  

*10.17 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Severance Plan (effective September 15, 1997, as amended and restated effective January 1, 
2009) (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2008, File No. 1-
09761). 

*10.17.1    First Amendment to the Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Severance Plan (effective September 15, 1997, as amended and 

restated effective January 1, 2009) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the 
quarterly period ended June 30, 2010, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.18 

  10.38 

  10.40 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Deferred Cash Participation Plan, amended and restated as of September 11, 2018 

(incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2019, File No. 1-09761). 

  Operating Agreement of Chem-Mod LLC dated as of June 23, 2004, by and among NOx II, Ltd., an Ohio limited 
liability company, AJG Coal, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and IQ Clean Coal LLC, a Delaware limited liability 
company (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2005, File No. 1-
09761). 

  Operating Agreement of Chem-Mod International LLC dated as of July 8, 2005, between NOx II International, Ltd., an 
Ohio limited liability company and AJG Coal, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with Amendment No. 1 dated 
August 2, 2005 (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2005, File 
No. 1-09761). 

*10.42.1 

  Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the same 

exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2010, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.42.2 

  Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Stock Option Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit 

number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2010, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.42.3 

  Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Stock Appreciation Rights Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to the same 

exhibit number to our Form 10-K Annual Report for 2010, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.42.4 

  Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for executive officers over the age of 55 

(incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10 Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended 
March 31, 2013, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.42.5 

  Form of Long-Term Incentive Plan Stock Option Award Agreement for executive officers over the age of 55 

(incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10 Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended 
March 31, 2013, File No. 1-09761), 

*10.43 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. Performance Unit Program (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our 

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2007, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.43.1 

  Form of Performance Unit Grant Agreement under the Performance Unit Program (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.45.1 to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2014, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.43.2 

  Form of Performance Unit Grant Agreement under the Performance Unit Program for executive officers over the age of 
55 (incorporated by reference to the same exhibit number to our Form 10 Q Quarterly Report for the quarterly period 
ended March 31, 2013, File No. 1-09761). 

117 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
*10.44 

  Senior Management Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to our Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for 

the quarterly period ended June 30, 2015, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.45 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to our Form S-8 

Registration Statement, File No. 333-174497). 

*10.47 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to our Form 10-Q 

Quarterly Report for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2014, File No. 1-09761). 

*10.48 

  Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to our Form S-8 

Registration Statement, File No. 333-221274). 

  21.1 

  23.1 

  24.1 

  31.1 

  31.2 

  32.1 

  32.2 

  Subsidiaries of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., including state or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization and the 

names under which each does business. 

  Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 
  Power of Attorney. 
  Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer. 
  Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.  
  Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer.  
  Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer.  

101.INS 

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL 
tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 

101.SCH   

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document. 

101.CAL   

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document. 

101.LAB   

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document. 

101.PRE 

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document. 

101.DEF   

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document. 

104 

  Cover Page Interactive Data File formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101). 

All other exhibits are omitted because they are not applicable, or not required, or because the required information is included in our 
consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.  The registrant agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission 
upon request a copy of any long-term debt instruments that have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K. 

* 

Such exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit to this form 
pursuant to item 601 of Regulation S-K.  

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary. 

None. 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the 5th day of February, 2021.  

Signatures 

ARTHUR J. GALLAGHER & CO. 

By  

/S/    J. PATRICK GALLAGHER, JR. 
J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on the 5th day of 
February, 2021 by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities indicated.  

Name 
/S/    J. PATRICK GALLAGHER, JR. 
J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 

/S/    DOUGLAS K. HOWELL 

Douglas K. Howell 

/S/    RICHARD C. CARY 
Richard C. Cary 

*SHERRY S. BARRAT 
Sherry S. Barrat 

*WILLIAM L. BAX 
William L. Bax 

* D. JOHN COLDMAN 
D. John Coldman 

* DAVID S. JOHNSON 
David S. Johnson 

*KAY W. McCURDY 
Kay W. McCurdy 

*CHRISTOPHER C. MISKEL 
Christopher C. Miskel 

* RALPH J. NICOLETTI 
Ralph J. Nicoletti 

*NORMAN L. ROSENTHAL 
Norman L. Rosenthal 

*By:  

/S/    WALTER D. BAY 
Walter D. Bay, Attorney-in-Fact 

Title 
Chairman, President and Director (Principal Executive Officer) 

Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial 
Officer) 

Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Schedule II 
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.  
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts  

Year ended December 31, 2020 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Allowance for estimated policy cancellations 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 
Accumulated amortization of expiration 

lists, non-compete agreements and trade names 

Year ended December 31, 2019 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Allowance for estimated policy cancellations 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 
Accumulated amortization of expiration 

lists, non-compete agreements and trade names 

Year ended December 31, 2018 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Allowance for estimated policy cancellations 
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets 
Accumulated amortization of expiration 

Balance at 
Beginning 
of Year 

Amounts 
Recorded in 
Earnings 

      Adjustments 

Balance at 
End 
of Year 

(In millions) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

8.7     $ 
8.3       
80.5       

6.6     $ 
4.1       
14.4       

(5.2 ) (1) $ 
(2.5 ) (2)   

—   

10.1   
9.9   
94.9   

2,087.5       

417.3       

32.2   (3)   

2,537.0   

10.0     $ 
7.8       
67.4       

4.2     $ 
0.5       
13.1       

(5.5 ) (1) $ 
—   (2)   
—   

8.7   
8.3   
80.5   

1,750.4       

334.0       

3.1   (3)   

2,087.5   

13.5     $ 
7.4       
79.1       

5.8     $ 
(1.2 )     
(11.7 )     

(9.3 ) (1) $ 
1.6   (2)   
—   

10.0   
7.8   
67.4   

lists, non-compete agreements and trade names 

1,490.7       

291.2       

(31.5 ) (3)   

1,750.4   

(1)  Net activity of bad debt write offs and recoveries and acquired businesses. 
(2)  Additions to allowance related to acquired businesses. 
(3)  Elimination of fully amortized expiration lists, non-compete agreements and trade names, intangible asset/amortization 

reclassifications and disposal of acquired businesses. 

120 

 
 
  
  
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
        
        
    
    
  
    
    
     
      
        
        
  
       
  
    
      
        
        
    
    
  
    
    
     
      
        
        
  
       
  
    
      
        
        
    
    
  
    
    
     
      
        
        
  
       
  
    
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer 

Exhibit 31.1 

Certification 
I, J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr., certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 

material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 

controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a.)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, 
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly 
during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b.)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles;  

(c.)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 

report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and  

(d.)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that 

occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the 
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board 
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a.)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 

financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and  

(b.)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Date:  February 5, 2021 

/s/ J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 

J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive 
Officer 
(principal executive officer) 

 
 
 
 
Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer 

Exhibit 31.2 

Certification 
I, Douglas K. Howell, certify that: 

1.  I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material  fact  necessary  to  make  the  statements  made,  in  light  of  the  circumstances  under  which  such 
statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report, 
fairly  present  in  all  material  respects  the  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows  of  the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 

controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

(a.)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, 
including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly 
during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

(b.)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles; 

(c.)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 

report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and  

(d.)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that 

occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the 
case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board 
of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

(a.)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to  adversely  affect  the  registrant’s  ability  to  record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and  

(b.)  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Date:  February 5, 2021 

/s/ Douglas K. Howell 

Douglas K. Howell 
Vice President 
Chief Financial Officer 
(principal financial officer) 

 
 
 
 
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer 

Exhibit 32.1 

I, J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr., the chief executive officer of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., certify that (i) the 

Annual Report on Form 10-K of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. for the twelve month period ended December 31, 

2020 (the “Form 10-K”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities 

Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, 

the financial condition and results of operations of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and its subsidiaries. 

Date:  February 5, 2021 

/s/ J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 

J. Patrick Gallagher, Jr. 
Chairman, President and Chief Executive 
Officer 
(principal executive officer) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer 

Exhibit 32.2 

I, Douglas K. Howell, the chief financial officer of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co., certify that (i) the Annual 

Report on Form 10-K of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. for the twelve month period ended December 31, 2020 (the 

“Form 10-K”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 

1934 and (ii) the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial 

condition and results of operations of Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. and its subsidiaries. 

Date:  February 5, 2021 

/s/ Douglas K. Howell 

Douglas K. Howell 
Vice President 
Chief Financial Officer 
(principal financial officer) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STOCKHOLDER INFORMATION

ANNUAL MEETING

STOCKHOLDER INQUIRIES

The Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 2021 Annual Meeting of 
Stockholders will be held on Tuesday, May 11, 2021 at 9:00 
a.m. (Central Time) and will be a virtual meeting. The meeting 
website is www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/AJG2021. 

REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER AGENT

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
462 South 4th Street 
Suite 1600 
Louisville, KY 40202 
502.301.6000

www.computershare.com/investor

AUDITORS

Ernst & Young LLP

Communications regarding direct stock purchases, dividends, 
lost stock certificates, direct deposit of dividends, dividend 
reinvestment and changes of address should be directed to:

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
P.O. Box 505000 
462 South 4th Street 
Louisville, KY 40233-5000 
312.360.5386

www.computershare.com/investor

Online inquiries:  
https://www-us.computershare.com/investor/contact

COMPARISON OF 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN

Assumes Initial Investment of $100 

                         December 2020

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.

Peer Group

S&P 500 Index — Total Returns

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The graph above demonstrates a five-year comparison of cumulative total returns for our company, the S&P 500 and a peer group 
consisting of Aon plc; Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc.; Willis Towers Watson plc; and Brown & Brown, Inc. The chart shows the 
performance of $100 invested in our company, the S&P 500 and the peer group on December 31, 2015, with dividend reinvestment.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

J. PATRICK GALLAGHER, JR.
Chairman of the Board, 
President and Chief Executive Officer

SHERRY S. BARRAT 2,3,4
Former Vice Chairman 
Northern Trust Corporation

KAY W. MCCURDY 2,3,4
Retired Partner  
Locke Lord LLP

CHRISTOPHER C. MISKEL1
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Versiti, Inc.

WILLIAM L. BAX 1,4
Former Managing Partner 
PricewaterhouseCoopers’ Chicago office

RALPH J. NICOLETTI 1
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer  
The AZEK Company

D. JOHN COLDMAN 2
Former Chairman  
The Benfield Group

DAVID S. JOHNSON 2,3,4
Lead Director, Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. 
Former Chief Executive Officer of North America 
Aryzta AG

NORMAN L. ROSENTHAL, PH.D.1
President  
Norman L. Rosenthal & Associates, Inc.

1Member of the Audit Committee

2Member of the Compensation Committee

3Member of the Nominating/Governance Committee 

⁴Member of the Risk and Compliance Committee

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

WALTER D. BAY
General Counsel and Secretary

VISHAL JAIN
Chief Service Officer 

JOEL D. CAVANESS
President, U.S. Wholesale Brokerage

CHRISTOPHER E. MEAD
Chief Marketing Officer

THOMAS J. GALLAGHER
President, Global Property/Casualty Brokerage

SUSAN E. PIETRUCHA
Chief Human Resources Officer

DOUGLAS K. HOWELL
Chief Financial Officer

SCOTT R. HUDSON
President, Risk Management

WILLIAM F. ZIEBELL
President, Employee Benefit  
Consulting and Brokerage

Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. has been recognized as one of the World’s Most Ethical Companies® in 2012, 2013, 2014, 
2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

“World’s Most Ethical Companies” and “Ethisphere” names and marks are registered trademarks of Ethisphere LLC.

The Gallagher Way. Since 1927.

Global Headquarters 
2850 Golf Road 
Rolling Meadows, IL 60008-4050 
630.773.3800

www.ajg.com

© 2021 Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.