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Avid Bioservices

cdmo · NASDAQ Healthcare
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FY2020 Annual Report · Avid Bioservices
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020
or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission file number: 001-32839

AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 95-3698422
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2642 Michelle Drive, Suite 200, Tustin, California 92780
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(714) 508-6100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
10.50% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001

par value per share

Trading Symbol(s)
CDMO
CDMOP

Name of each exchange on which registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes o   No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Act. Yes o   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post
such files).   Yes ☒   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an
emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company”
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company ☒

Accelerated filer o
Emerging growth company o

Non-accelerated filer ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new
or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control
over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C.  7262(b))  by  the  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  prepared  or
issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o   No ☒

The  aggregate  market  value  of  the  shares  of  common  stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  registrant  as  of  October  31,  2019,  the  last  business  day  of  the
registrant’s  most  recently  completed  second  fiscal  quarter,  was  approximately  $300,503,000,  calculated  based  on  the  closing  price  of  the  registrant’s
common stock as reported by The NASDAQ Capital Market.

As of June 19, 2020, the number of shares of registrant’s common stock outstanding was 56,511,294.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part III of this report incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders, which
proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year to which this report relates.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
Item 1.   Business
Item 1A.   Risk Factors
Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.   Properties
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings
Item 4.   Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II
Item 5.   Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters And Issuer Purchases Of Equity Securities
Item 6.   Selected Financial Data
Item 7.   Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations
Item 7A.   Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8.   Financial Statements And Supplementary Data
Item 9.   Changes In And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting And Financial Disclosures
Item 9A.   Controls And Procedures
Item 9B.   Other Information

PART III
Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers And Corporate Governance
Item 11.   Executive Compensation
Item 12.   Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management And Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13.   Certain Relationships And Related Transactions, And Director Independence
Item 14.   Principal Accounting Fees and Services

PART IV
Item 15.   Exhibits And Financial Statement Schedules
Item 16.   Form 10-K Summary

SIGNATURES

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Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”), unless the context otherwise indicates, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” and “Avid”
refer  to  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  and  its  consolidated  subsidiaries.  In  addition  to  historical  information,  this  Annual  Report  contains  “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve risks and uncertainties. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as
a representation by us or any other person that the objectives or plans will be achieved because our actual results may differ materially from any forward-
looking statement. The words “may,” “should,” “plans,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” their opposites and similar expressions are intended
to  identify  forward-looking  statements,  but  the  absence  of  these  words  does  not  necessarily  mean  that  a  statement  is  not  forward-looking.  We  caution
readers  that  such  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  or  events  and  are  subject  to  a  number  of  factors  that  may  tend  to  influence  the
accuracy of the statements including, but not limited to, those risk factors outlined in the section titled, “Risk Factors,” as well as those discussed elsewhere
in  this  Annual  Report.  You  should  not  unduly  rely  on  these  forward-looking  statements,  which  speak  only  as  of  the  date  of  this  Annual  Report.  We
undertake no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect
the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should, however, review the factors and risks we describe in the reports that we file from time to time with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) after the date of this Annual Report.

Avid  Bioservices®  is  a  registered  trademark  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  All  other  brand  names  or  trademarks  appearing  in  this  Annual  Report  are  the
property of their respective holders.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

Overview

PART I

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture. With 27 years of experience producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, our services include CGMP
clinical and commercial drug substance manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a
variety of process development services, including upstream and downstream development and optimization, analytical method development, testing and
characterization. All our services are available as either stand-alone or bundled for full development and manufacturing programs.

Business Transition in Fiscal 2018

During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018, we transitioned our business to a dedicated CDMO and ceased our research and development activities. As
part of our transition, we: (i) amended our Certificate of Incorporation to change our corporate name to Avid Bioservices, Inc., effective January 5, 2018,
and adopted the “CDMO” as our ticker symbol on The NASDAQ Capital Market; (ii) sold our phosphatidylserine (“PS”)-targeting and r84 technologies in
fiscal 2018 and 2019, respectively, under two separate Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreements (as described in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements) and abandoned our remaining research and development assets; and (iii) closed an underwritten public offering of our common stock
in February 2018 for aggregate net proceeds of $21.5 million.

Business Strategy

We have a growth strategy that seeks to align with the growth of the biopharmaceutical drug substance contract services market. That strategy encompasses
the following objectives:

·

·
·

·

Invest in additional manufacturing capacity and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand
of our customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing;
Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy;
Continue to expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings;
and
Increase operating profit margin to best in class industry standards.

Our Competitive Strengths

We  believe  that  we  are  well  positioned  to  address  the  market  for  outsourced  development  and  manufacturing  of  biopharmaceuticals  derived  from
mammalian cell culture, due to the following factors:

·

Expertise in Mammalian Cell Culture Manufacturing: We believe that continued consolidation in the CDMO industry has resulted in a limited
number of qualified, agile and independent CDMOs with mammalian cell culture-based biologics development and manufacturing capabilities.
The mammalian cell culture production method is highly suitable for manufacturing complex molecules (examples include monoclonal antibodies,
next-generation antibodies and recombinant proteins), and we believe the benefits of the mammalian cell culture production method have played a
significant role in accelerating the proliferation of biologics therapies. We believe we are well positioned in the industry, given our expertise in
mammalian cell culture for biologics manufacturing.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
·

·

Broad  Spectrum  of  Services  to  Support  Customers  from  Early  Stage  Development  to  Commercial: We  provide  fully  integrated  and  customized
biomanufacturing  services  that  support  our  customers  from  the  early  preclinical  stage  to  commercial  launch  and  supply.  We  believe
pharmaceutical companies generally prefer to engage with CDMOs that are able to work with a product throughout its lifecycle and have long-
standing track records of regulatory compliance and quality control. Our Process Development, CGMP Drug Substance Biomanufacturing, Project
Management,  Quality  Systems  and  Quality  Control  are  all  supported  by  modern  facilities  designed  to  meet  customer  needs  from  early  stage
development to commercial supply. We differentiate our capabilities through several key criteria: (i) we employ a customer-centric approach and
collaborate  with  our  customers  to  tailor  customized  development  and  manufacturing  services;  (ii)  our  agile  manufacturing  and  development
capabilities  allow  for  rapid  responses  to  shifting  production  requirements,  leading  to  strong  customer  satisfaction  and  retention;  and  (iii)  our
single-use bioreactors contribute to enhanced manufacturing efficiency for our customers and reduces our capital spending needs.

Strong Regulatory Track Record: Historically, developing the expertise to comply with stringent regulatory audits and validation requirements has
been  a  challenge  for  both  pharmaceutical  companies  and  CDMOs,  and  has  been  seen  as  a  significant  barrier  to  entry  for  many  CDMOs,  as
facilities can take years to construct and properly validate. We believe pharmaceutical companies place a premium on working with CDMOs that
can ensure a high degree of regulatory compliance, which decreases execution risk. We have a strong regulatory track record, consisting of a 17-
year inspection history with no significant impact on our business. In addition, since 2005 we completed six successful pre-approval inspections.
We also completed four U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) inspections between 2013 and the most recently completed inspection in
early calendar year 2018, none of which resulted in any Form 483 observations by the FDA. Further, we routinely successfully comply with audits
by large pharmaceutical companies.

· Modern  and  Optimized  Infrastructure:  With  the  development  of  our  Myford  Facility  and  the  recent  commissioning  of  our  new  process
development laboratory space in late calendar year 2019, we believe we have positioned our business to capitalize on increasing demand in the
biologics  manufacturing  industry  for  modular  cleanroom  space,  onsite  process  development  laboratory  and  single-use  bioreactors.  These
developments  have  driven  demand  among  pharmaceutical  companies  for  facilities  that  can  develop  and  produce  pilot  scale  batches  (up  to  200
liters)  in  process  development  using  a  process  train  that  matches  the  single-use  bioreactors  in  CGMP  production.  With  single-use  bioreactors
ranging from 200 to 2,000 liters, our CGMP Myford Facility is designed to provide our customers with the desired efficiency and flexibility.

·

Significant  Manufacturing  Experience  with  a  Proven  Track  Record:  We  have  27  years  of  experience  producing  monoclonal  antibodies  and
recombinant proteins, over 15 years of CGMP commercial manufacturing experience and over 12 years of experience with single-use bioreactor
technology.  We  believe  this  experience,  combined  with  our  management  team  and  board  of  directors’  deep  experience  in  the  CDMO  industry,
positions us to take advantage of positive long term industry trends.

Our Growth Strategy

We believe we have a significant opportunity to drive organic growth by leveraging our strengths, broadening our capabilities, increasing our capacity and
improving our market visibility.

·

·

Diversify Customer Base: We have taken and continue to take steps to diversify and expand our customer base and have developed marketing and
sales strategies designed to drive new customer acquisitions, while also continuing to leverage our existing relationships to support new programs
with our existing customers.

Expand Process Development Capabilities:  Most  recently,  we  expanded  our  process  development  capabilities  in  order  to  make  our  operations
more  attractive  to  emerging,  mid-sized  and  large  pharmaceutical  companies.  This  expansion  included  increasing  our  total  available  process
development and laboratory space, upgraded infrastructure and equipment within our existing process development laboratories, and implemented
new  state-of-the-art  technologies  and  equipment  (including  benchtop  bioreactors  and  pilot  scale  manufacturing  up  to  200  liters)  designed  to
facilitate efficient, high-throughput development of innovative upstream and downstream manufacturing processes that transfer directly into our
CGMP manufacturing facility. 

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
·

·

·

Expand  Manufacturing  Footprint  and  Enhance  Efficiencies:  Our  existing  Myford  Facility  has  42,000  square  feet  of  vacant  warehouse  space,
which will allow us to utilize existing manufacturing and quality infrastructure that we believe should enhance our manufacturing efficiencies and
reduce the overall cost and timeframe to construct a third biomanufacturing facility. This space could house a facility that can accommodate up to
six  additional  2,000-liter  single-use  bioreactors.  As  we  continue  to  fill  capacity  in  our  current  CGMP  facilities,  we  will  refine  our  plans  and
determine the appropriate time to execute this expansion that will more than double our installed liters of manufacturing capacity.

Increase Operating Margins:  We  believe  we  have  the  opportunity  to  drive  operating  margin  expansion  by  utilizing  our  available  capacity,  and
implementing  continuous  process  efficiencies.  We  believe  increased  facility  capacity  utilization  resulting  from  the  growth  strategies  described
herein, will drive significantly improved operating margins.

Reinvest in Equipment and Facilities: We believe that re-investing in our laboratory and manufacturing equipment and facilities is strategically
important to meet future customer demand.

Our Facilities

Our Myford Facility has 42,000 square feet of space designed to utilize single-use equipment up to the 2,000-liter manufacturing scale to accommodate a
fully  disposable  biomanufacturing  process  for  products  from  clinical  development  to  commercial  supply.  Our  Myford  Facility  includes  single-use
bioreactors (200-liter to 2,000-liter), quality control labs for environmental and analytical testing, warehousing and material storage (including two walk-in
cold rooms) and cell bank cryofreezers. The Myford Facility is located adjacent to our Franklin Facility and has an additional 42,000 square-feet of space
available for future expansion.

Our 12,000 square-foot Franklin Facility includes stainless steel bioreactors (100-liter to 1,000-liter) and single-use bioreactors (200-liter to 1,000-liter),
water-for-injection,  an  autoclave  and  depyrogenation  oven,  material  storage  (including  a  walk-in  cold  room)  and  cell  bank  cryofreezers.  The  Franklin
Facility is located adjacent to our headquarters in Tustin, California.

Manufacturing and Raw Materials

We  manufacture  CGMP  pharmaceutical-grade  products  for  our  customers.  The  process  for  manufacturing  generally  uses  commercially  available  raw
materials from multiple suppliers, and in some instances, from a single source supplier. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business” for additional
discussion of raw materials supplied by third party vendors for the products we manufacture for our customers. We rely on third parties to supply most of
the  necessary  raw  materials  and  supplies  for  the  products  we  manufacture  on  behalf  of  our  customers  and  our  inability  to  obtain  such  raw  materials  or
supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Regulatory Matters

We have a strong and proven regulatory track record, including 17 years of inspection history with no significant impact to our business. To date, we have
been  successfully  audited  and  qualified  by  large  and  small  and  domestic  and  foreign  biotechnology  companies  interested  in  the  production  of  biologic
material for clinical and commercial use. Additionally, we have been successfully audited by several regulatory agencies, including the FDA, the European
Medicines Agency (“EMA”), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (“ANVISA”), the Canadian Health Authority (“Health Canada”), the California
Department of Health and the Australian Department of Health.

We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, national and international regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the
countries  or  localities  where  we  manufacture  products  or  where  our  customers’  products  are  distributed.  In  particular,  we  are  subject  to  laws  and
regulations concerning research and development, testing, manufacturing processes, equipment and facilities, including compliance with CGMPs, labeling
and distribution, import and export, and product registration and listing. As a result, our facilities are subject to regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory
bodies  of  other  jurisdictions  where  our  customers  have  marketing  approval  for  their  products  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  EMA,  ANVISA,  Health
Canada, and the Australian Department of Health. We are also required to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, as discussed
in “Environmental and Safety Matters” below. These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing,
labeling,  packaging,  storage,  distribution,  import  and  export  and  record  keeping  related  to  customers’  products.  Noncompliance  with  any  applicable
regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve facilities for manufacturing products or products for commercialization.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our customers’ products must undergo pre-clinical and clinical evaluations relating to product safety and efficacy before they are approved as commercial
therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their products may delay or put
on  hold  clinical  trials,  delay  approval  of  a  product  or  determine  that  the  product  is  not  approvable.  The  FDA  or  other  regulatory  agencies  can  delay
approval of a drug if our manufacturing facilities are not able to demonstrate compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections (i.e.,
compliance  with  filed  submissions)  or  properly  scale  up  to  produce  commercial  supplies.  The  FDA  and  comparable  government  authorities  having
jurisdiction  in  the  countries  in  which  our  customers  intend  to  market  their  products  have  the  authority  to  withdraw  product  approval  or  suspend
manufacture  if  there  are  significant  problems  with  raw  materials  or  supplies,  quality  control  and  assurance  or  the  product  is  deemed  adulterated  or
misbranded. If new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we
may  be  required  to  obtain  additional  approvals  or  operate  according  to  different  manufacturing  or  operating  standards  or  pay  additional  fees.  This  may
require a change in our manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities.

The costs associated with complying with the various applicable local, state, national and international regulations could be significant and the failure to
comply with such legal requirements could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to
Our Business” for additional discussion of the costs associated with complying with the various regulations. Failure to comply with existing and future
regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Environmental and Safety Matters

Certain products manufactured by us involve the use, storage and transportation of toxic and hazardous materials. Our operations are subject to extensive
laws and regulations relating to the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of materials into the environment and the maintenance of safe
working conditions. We maintain environmental and industrial safety and health compliance programs and training at our facilities.

Prevailing legislation tends to hold companies primarily responsible for the proper disposal of their waste even after transfer to third party waste disposal
facilities.  Other  future  developments,  such  as  increasingly  strict  environmental,  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations,  and  enforcement  policies,  could
result in substantial costs and liabilities to us and could subject the handling, manufacture, use, reuse or disposal of substances or pollutants at our facilities
to more rigorous scrutiny than at present.

Intellectual Property

We do not currently own any patents and do not have any patent applications pending in the United States or any foreign countries. However, we have
acquired  and  developed  and  continue  to  acquire  and  develop  knowledge  and  expertise  (“know-how”)  and  trade  secrets  in  the  provision  of  process
development and manufacturing services. Our know-how and trade secrets may not be patentable, but they are valuable in that they enhance our ability to
provide high-quality services to our customers. We typically place restrictions in our agreements with third-parties, which contractually restrict their right
to use and disclose any of our proprietary technology with which they may be involved. In addition, we have internal non-disclosure safeguards, including
confidentiality agreements, with our employees.

We also own trademarks to protect the names of our services. Trademark protection continues in some countries as long as the trademark is used, and in
other countries, as long as the trademark is registered. Trademark registration is for fixed terms and can be renewed indefinitely.

Segment Information

Our  business  is  organized  into  one  reportable  operating  segment,  our  contract  manufacturing  services  segment.  In  addition,  we  had  no  foreign-based
operations and no long-lived assets located in foreign countries as of and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customers

Revenues have historically been derived from a small customer base. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we derived approximately
63%,  64%  and  86%  of  our  revenues  from  our  top  three  customers,  respectively.  We  continue  to  be  dependent  on  a  limited  number  of  customers  for  a
substantial majority of our revenue. In addition, the duration of our fulfillment of customer contracts varies from a few months to more than 24 months, due
to the nature and size of each customer’s requirements. The loss of, or a significant reduction of business from, any of our primary customers could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Refer to Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional financial information regarding our customer concentration, including the name of significant
customers, and geographic location of customers.

Backlog

Our backlog represents, as of a point in time, future revenue from work not yet completed under signed contracts. As of April 30, 2020, our backlog was
approximately  $65  million,  as  compared  to  approximately  $46  million  as  of  April  30,  2019.  While  we  anticipate  the  majority  of  our  backlog  will  be
recognized  during  fiscal  year  2021,  our  backlog  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  uncertainties,  including  the  risk  that  a  customer  timely  cancels  its
commitments prior to our initiation of manufacturing services, in which case we may be required to refund some or all of the amounts paid to us in advance
under those canceled commitments; the risk that a customer may experience delays in its program(s) or otherwise, which could result in the postponement
of  anticipated  manufacturing  services;  and  the  risk  that  we  may  not  successfully  execute  on  all  customer  projects,  any  of  which  could  have  a  negative
impact on our liquidity, reported backlog and future revenue.

Competition

Our competition in the CDMO market includes a number of full-service contract manufacturers and large pharmaceutical companies offering third-party
manufacturing  services  to  fill  their  excess  capacity.  Also,  large  pharmaceutical  companies  have  been  seeking  to  divest  portions  of  their  manufacturing
capacity, and any such divested businesses may compete with us in the future. Some of our significantly larger and global competitors have substantially
greater financial, marketing, technical or other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge and may, among other things, create
downward pricing pressure, which would affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Employees

As of April 30, 2020, we employed 222 full-time employees and 5 part-time employees. None of our employees are covered by a collective bargaining
agreement. We have not experienced employment-related work stoppages and consider our employee relations to be good.

Company Information

We were originally incorporated in the State of California in June 1981 and reincorporated in the State of Delaware on September 25, 1996. Our principal
executive  offices  are  located  at  2642  Michelle  Drive,  Suite  200,  Tustin,  California,  92780  and  our  telephone  number  is  (714)  508-6100.  Our  principal
website address is www.avidbio.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Annual Report.

Available Information

This  Annual  Report,  our  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q,  our  Current  Reports  on  Form  8-K,  and  our  proxy  statements,  and  all  amendments  to  those
reports filed with or furnished to the SEC are available, free of charge, through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and our website at www.avidbio.com as
soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information on, or that can be accessed through,
our website is not part of this Annual Report.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information contained in this report, including our
consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before making a decision to invest in our securities. The risks and uncertainties described
below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently believe are not material, also may
become  important  factors  that  affect  us  and  impair  our  business  operations.  The  occurrence  of  any  of  the  events  or  developments  discussed  in  the  risk
factors below could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and, in such case, our
future prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected.

Risks Related to Our Business

If we cannot secure additional business, we may have to raise additional capital or restructure, or cease, our operations.

We  have  expended  substantial  funds  on  our  contract  manufacturing  business  and,  historically,  on  our  research  and  development  business,  which  we
discontinued in fiscal year 2018. As a result, we have historically experienced losses and negative cash flows from operations since our inception and may
continue to experience negative cash flows from operations until we can generate sufficient revenue to generate positive cash flow from operations. Our
ability to fund our operations is dependent on the amount of cash on hand and our ability to generate positive cash flow to sustain our current operations. At
April 30, 2020, we had $36.3 million in cash and cash equivalents. Although it is difficult to forecast all of our future liquidity requirements, we believe
that our cash and cash equivalents on hand, combined with our projected cash receipts from services to be rendered under our existing customer contracts,
will be sufficient to fund our operations beyond one year after the date our consolidated financial statements are issued without securing any additional
manufacturing services projects, capital equipment financing, or raising additional capital in the equity markets.

In addition, in the event a customer timely cancels its commitments prior to our initiation of manufacturing services, we may be required to refund some or
all of the advance payments made to us under those canceled commitments, which would have a negative impact on our liquidity, reported backlog and
future revenue. Further, in the event we are unable to secure sufficient business to support our current operations, we may need to raise additional capital in
the equity markets in order to fund our future operations. We may raise funds through the issuance of debt or through the public offering of securities.
There can be no assurance that these financings will be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Our ability to raise additional capital in the equity and
debt markets is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the market demand for our common stock. The market demand or liquidity
of  our  common  stock  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  uncertainties  including,  but  not  limited  to,  our  financial  results  and  economic  and  market
conditions. Further, global financial crises and economic downturns, including those caused by widespread public health crises such as the global novel
coronavirus disease, may cause extreme volatility and disruptions in capital and credit markets, and may impact our ability to raise additional capital when
needed on acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to fund our continuing operations through these sources, we may need to restructure, or cease, our
operations. In addition, even if we are able to raise additional capital, it may not be at a price or on terms that are favorable to us. Any of these actions
could materially harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects.

Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected by global health epidemics, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the global novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) outbreak a pandemic. COVID-19 has spread
across the globe and is affecting worldwide economic activity. Any public health epidemic, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may affect our operations
and  those  of  third  parties  on  which  we  rely,  including  our  customers  and  suppliers.  Our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  may  be
affected by: disruptions in our customers’ abilities to fund, develop, or bring to market products as anticipated; delays in or disruptions to the conduct of
clinical trials by our customers; cancellations of contracts or confirmed orders from our customers; and the inability, difficulty, or additional cost or delays
in obtaining key raw materials, components, and other supplies from our existing supply chain; among other factors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Our  operations  could  be  disrupted  if  some  of  our  employees  become  ill  or  are  otherwise  absent  from  work  as  a  result  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.
Additionally,  governmental  restrictions,  including  travel  restrictions,  quarantines,  shelter-in-place  orders,  business  closures,  new  safety  requirements  or
regulations, or restrictions on the import or export of certain materials, or other operational issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic may have an adverse
effect on our business and results of operations. We continue to monitor our operations and governmental recommendations and have made modifications
for an indefinite period to our normal operations because of the COVID-19 pandemic, including requiring most non-production related employees to work
remotely which may increase cyber security risks or create data accessibility concerns.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our operating results will be adversely affected if we are unable to maximize our facility capacity utilization. 

Our operating results are significantly influenced by our capacity utilization and, as such, if we are unable to utilize our facilities to capacity, our margins
could  be  adversely  affected,  and  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  will  continue  to  be  adversely  affected.  We  have  experienced  idle
manufacturing capacity and we may continue to experience such idle manufacturing capacity until we secure substantial additional revenues from existing
and/or new customers.   

We have a history of losses, anticipate future losses and may never achieve profitability. 

We have incurred net losses in most fiscal years since we began operations in 1981, including net losses of $10.5 million and $4.2 million for the fiscal
years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of April 30, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit of $571.1 million. We may continue to experience
negative cash flows from operations until we can generate sufficient additional revenue from operations to achieve profitability and positive cash flows. If
we fail to generate sufficient additional revenue, we may never achieve profitability.

Because  a  significant  portion  of  our  revenue  comes  from  a  limited  number  of  customers,  any  decrease  in  sales  to  these  customers  could  harm  our
business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Revenue has historically been derived from a small customer base. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, we derived approximately
63%,  64%  and  86%  of  our  revenues  from  our  top  three  customers,  respectively.  We  continue  to  be  dependent  on  a  limited  number  of  customers  for  a
substantial majority of our revenue. The loss of, or a significant reduction of business from, any of our major customers could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Failure to comply with existing and future regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our industry is highly regulated. We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, provincial, national and international
regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the countries or localities in which we manufacture products or in which our customers’ products are distributed. In
particular,  we  are  subject  to  laws  and  regulations  concerning  development,  testing,  manufacturing  processes,  equipment  and  facilities,  including
compliance  with  CGMPs,  import  and  export,  and  product  registration  and  listing,  among  other  things.  As  a  result,  most  of  our  facilities  are  subject  to
regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory bodies of other jurisdictions where our customers have marketing approval for their products including, but
not limited to, the EMA, ANVISA and/or Health Canada, depending on the countries in which our customers market and sell the products we manufacture
on  their  behalf.  As  we  expand  our  operations  and  geographic  scope,  we  may  be  exposed  to  more  complex  and  new  regulatory  and  administrative
requirements  and  legal  risks,  any  of  which  may  require  expertise  in  which  we  have  little  or  no  experience.  It  is  possible  that  compliance  with  new
regulatory  requirements  could  impose  significant  compliance  costs  on  us.  Such  costs  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial
condition and results of operations.

These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing, storage, distribution, import and export and
record keeping related to customers’ products. Noncompliance with any applicable regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve: (i)
facilities  for  testing  or  manufacturing  products  or  (ii)  products  for  commercialization.  The  FDA  and  other  regulatory  agencies  can  delay,  limit  or  deny
approval for many reasons, including:

·

·
·
·

changes to the regulatory approval process, including new data requirements for product candidates in those jurisdictions, including the United
States, in which our customers may be seeking approval;
that a customer’s product candidate may not be deemed to be safe or effective;
the ability of the regulatory agency to provide timely responses as a result of its resource constraints; and
that the manufacturing processes or facilities may not meet the applicable requirements.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, if new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we may
be  required  to  obtain  additional  approvals  or  operate  according  to  different  manufacturing  or  operating  standards.  This  may  require  a  change  in  our
development and manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities. Any related costs may be significant. If we fail to comply
with applicable regulatory requirements in the future, then we may be subject to warning letters and/or civil or criminal penalties and fines, suspension or
withdrawal  of  regulatory  approvals,  product  recalls,  seizure  of  products,  restrictions  on  the  import  and  export  of  our  products,  debarment,  exclusion,
disgorgement of profits, operating restrictions and criminal prosecution and the loss of contracts and resulting revenue losses. Inspections by regulatory
authorities that identify any deficiencies could result in remedial actions, production stoppages or facility closure, which would disrupt the manufacturing
process and supply of product to our customers. In addition, such failure to comply could expose us to contractual and product liability claims, including
claims by customers for reimbursement for lost or damaged active pharmaceutical ingredients or recall or other corrective actions, the cost of which could
be significant.

In  addition,  certain  products  we  manufacture  must  undergo  pre-clinical  and  clinical  evaluations  relating  to  product  safety  and  efficacy  before  they  are
approved as commercial therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which we or our customers intend to market
their products may delay or put on hold clinical trials or delay approval of a product or determine that the product is not approvable. The FDA or other
regulatory  agencies  can  delay  approval  of  a  drug  if  our  manufacturing  facility,  including  any  newly  commissioned  facility,  is  not  able  to  demonstrate
compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections or properly scale up to produce commercial supplies. The FDA and comparable
government authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which we or our customers intend to market their products have the authority to withdraw
product approval or suspend manufacture if there are significant problems with raw materials or supplies, quality control and assurance or the product we
manufacture  is  adulterated  or  misbranded.  If  our  manufacturing  facilities  and  services  are  not  in  compliance  with  FDA  and  comparable  government
authorities, we may be unable to obtain or maintain the necessary approvals to continue manufacturing products for our customers, which would materially
adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our customer’s failure to receive or maintain regulatory approval for their product candidates could negatively impact our revenue and profitability.

Our  contract  manufacturing  business  materially  depends  upon  the  regulatory  approval  of  the  products  we  manufacture.  As  such,  if  our  customers
experience  a  delay  in,  or  failure  to  receive,  approval  for  any  of  their  product  candidates  or  fail  to  maintain  regulatory  approval  of  their  products,  our
revenue  and  profitability  could  be  adversely  affected.  Additionally,  if  the  FDA  or  a  comparable  foreign  regulatory  authority  does  not  approve  of  our
facilities  for  the  manufacture  of  a  customer  product  or  if  it  withdraws  such  approval  in  the  future,  our  customers  may  choose  to  identify  alternative
manufacturing  facilities  and/or  relationships,  which  could  significantly  impact  our  ability  to  expand  our  CDMO  capacity  and  capabilities  and  achieve
profitability.

Our manufacturing services are highly complex, and if we are unable to provide quality and timely services to our customers, our business could suffer.

The  manufacturing  services  we  offer  are  highly  complex,  due  in  part  to  strict  regulatory  requirements.  A  failure  of  our  quality  control  systems  in  our
facilities  could  cause  problems  to  arise  in  connection  with  facility  operations  for  a  variety  of  reasons,  including  equipment  malfunction,  viral
contamination,  failure  to  follow  specific  manufacturing  instructions,  protocols  and  standard  operating  procedures,  problems  with  raw  materials  or
environmental factors. Such problems could affect production of a single manufacturing run or a series of runs, requiring the destruction of products, or
could  halt  manufacturing  operations  altogether.  In  addition,  our  failure  to  meet  required  quality  standards  may  result  in  our  failure  to  timely  deliver
products  to  our  customers  which,  in  turn,  could  damage  our  reputation  for  quality  and  service.  Any  such  incident  could,  among  other  things,  lead  to
increased costs, lost revenue, reimbursement to customers for lost drug substance, damage to and possibly termination of existing customer relationships,
time and expense spent investigating the cause and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other manufacturing runs. With respect to our
commercial manufacturing, if problems are not discovered before the product is released to the market, we may be subject to regulatory actions, including
product  recalls,  product  seizures,  injunctions  to  halt  manufacture  and  distribution,  restrictions  on  our  operations,  civil  sanctions,  including  monetary
sanctions, and criminal actions. In addition, such issues could subject us to litigation, the cost of which could be significant.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We depend on spending and demand from our customers for our contract manufacturing and development services and any reduction in spending or
demand could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

The amount that our customers spend on the development and manufacture of their products or product candidates, particularly the amount our customers
choose  to  spend  on  outsourcing  these  services  to  us,  substantially  impacts  our  revenue  and  profitability.  The  outcomes  of  our  customers’  research,
development  and  marketing  also  significantly  influence  the  amount  that  our  customers  choose  to  spend  on  our  services  and  offerings.  Our  customers
determine the amounts that they will spend on our services based upon, among other things, the clinical and market success of their products, available
resources, access to capital and their need to develop new products which, in turn, depend upon a number of other factors, including their competitors’
research, development and product initiatives and the anticipated market for any new products, as well as clinical and reimbursement scenarios for specific
products and therapeutic areas. Further, increasing consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry may impact such spending, particularly in the event that
any of our customers choose to develop or acquire integrated manufacturing operations. Any reduction in customer spending on biologics development and
related services as a result of these and other factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.  

The  consumers  of  the  products  we  manufacture  for  our  customers  may  significantly  influence  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of
operations. 

We  depend  on,  and  have  no  control  over,  consumer  demand  for  the  products  we  manufacture  for  our  customers.  Consumer  demand  for  our  customers’
products could be adversely affected by, among other things, delays in health regulatory approval, the inability of our customers to demonstrate the efficacy
and  safety  of  their  products,  the  loss  of  patent  and  other  intellectual  property  rights  protection,  the  emergence  of  competing  or  alternative  products,
including generic drugs, the degree to which private and government payment subsidies for a particular product offset the cost to consumers and changes in
the marketing strategies for such products. If the products we manufacture for our customers do not gain market acceptance, our revenues and profitability
may be adversely affected. 

We believe that continued changes to the healthcare industry, including ongoing healthcare reform, adverse changes in government or private funding of
healthcare products and services, legislation or regulations governing the privacy of patient information or patient access to care, or the delivery, pricing or
reimbursement  of  pharmaceuticals  and  healthcare  services  or  mandated  benefits,  may  cause  healthcare  industry  participants  to  purchase  fewer  services
from us or influence the price that others are willing to pay for our services. Changes in the healthcare industry’s pricing, selling, inventory, distribution or
supply policies or practices could also significantly reduce our revenue and profitability.

If production volumes of key products that we manufacture for our customers decline, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely
affected.

We may be unable to manage our future growth effectively, which could make it difficult to execute our business strategy. 

During  fiscal  year  2018  we  completed  our  transition  to  a  dedicated  CDMO  and,  in  connection  with  the  transition,  we  divested  our  research  and
development assets and reduced our overall workforce to reduce costs and better position us to achieve potential profitability. We intend to continue to
grow  our  business  operations  as  demand  for  our  services  increases  and  increase  the  number  of  our  employees  to  accommodate  such  potential  growth,
which  may  cause  us  to  experience  periods  of  rapid  growth  and  expansion.  This  potential  future  growth  could  create  a  strain  on  our  organizational,
administrative and operational infrastructure, including manufacturing operations, quality control, technical support and other administrative functions. Our
ability to manage our growth properly will require us to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls. 

As we expect our commercial operations and sales volume to grow, we will need to continue to increase our capacity for manufacturing, customer service,
billing and general process improvements and expand our internal quality assurance program, among other things. We may also need to purchase additional
equipment, some of which can take several months or more to procure, install and validate, and increase our manufacturing, maintenance, software and
computing capacity to meet increased demand. We may not be able to successfully implement the increase in scale, expansion of personnel, purchase and
validation of equipment or process enhancements, which could adversely affect our ability to increase revenues.  

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our customers’ proprietary information, we may be subject to claims. 

Many of the formulations used and processes developed by us in the manufacture of our customers’ products are subject to trade secret protection, patents
or other intellectual property protections owned or licensed by such customer. While we make significant efforts to protect our customers’ proprietary and
confidential information, including requiring our employees to enter into agreements protecting such information, if any of our employees breaches the
non-disclosure provisions in such agreements, or if our customers make claims that their proprietary information has been disclosed, our reputation may
suffer  damage  and  we  may  become  subject  to  legal  proceedings  that  could  require  us  to  incur  significant  expense  and  divert  our  management’s  time,
attention and resources. 

Our services and our customers’ products may infringe on or misappropriate the intellectual property rights of third parties. 

Any claims that our services infringe the rights of third parties, including claims arising from any of our customer engagements, regardless of their merit or
resolution, could be costly and may divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. We may not prevail in such proceedings,
given the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If such proceedings result in an adverse outcome, we could
be required, among other things, to pay substantial damages, discontinue the use of the infringing technology, expend significant resources to develop non-
infringing technology, license such technology from the third party claiming infringement (which license may not be available on commercially reasonable
terms or at all) and/or cease the manufacture, use or sale of the infringing processes or offerings, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our
business. 

In addition, our customers’ products may be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement and such claims could materially affect our business if
their products cease to be manufactured and they have to discontinue the use of the infringing technology which we may provide. Any of the foregoing
could affect our ability to compete or could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

If we do not enhance our existing or introduce new service offerings in a timely manner, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over
time, customers may not buy our offerings and our revenues and profitability may decline. 

Demand for our manufacturing services may change in ways that we may not anticipate due to evolving industry standards and customer needs that are
increasingly sophisticated and varied, as well as the introduction by others of new offerings and technologies that provide alternatives to our offerings. In
the event we are unable to offer or enhance our service offerings or expand our manufacturing infrastructure to accommodate requests from our customers
and potential customers, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over time, in which case our revenue and operating results would suffer. For
example,  if  we  are  unable  to  respond  to  changes  in  the  nature  or  extent  of  the  technological  or  other  needs  of  our  customers  through  enhancing  our
offerings,  our  competition  may  develop  offerings  that  are  more  competitive  than  ours  and  we  could  find  it  more  difficult  to  renew  or  expand  existing
agreements  or  obtain  new  agreements.  Potential  innovations  intended  to  facilitate  enhanced  or  new  offerings  generally  will  require  a  substantial  capital
investment before we can determine their commercial viability, and we may not have financial resources sufficient to fund all desired innovations. Even if
we succeed in creating enhanced or new offerings, however, they may still fail to result in commercially successful offerings or may not produce revenue in
excess  of  our  costs  of  development,  and  they  may  be  rendered  obsolete  by  changing  customer  preferences  or  the  introduction  by  our  competitors  of
offerings embodying new technologies or features. Finally, the marketplace may not accept our innovations due to, among other things, existing patterns of
clinical practice, the need for regulatory clearance and/or uncertainty over market access or government or third-party reimbursement.

We operate in a highly competitive market and competition may adversely affect our business. 

We operate in a market that is highly competitive. Our competition in the contract manufacturing market includes full-service contract manufacturers and
large pharmaceutical companies offering third-party manufacturing services to fill their excess capacity. We may also compete with the internal operations
of  those  pharmaceutical  companies  that  choose  to  source  their  product  offerings  internally.  In  addition,  most  of  our  competitors  may  have  substantially
greater financial, marketing, technical or other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge, particularly in lower-cost jurisdictions
such as India and China, which could, among other things, result in a decrease in the fees paid for our services, which may adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations.  

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We rely on third parties to supply most of the necessary raw materials and supplies for the products we manufacture on behalf of our customers and
our inability to obtain such raw materials or supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations. 

Our  operations  require  various  raw  materials,  including  proprietary  media,  resins,  buffers,  and  filters,  in  addition  to  numerous  additional  raw  materials
supplied primarily by third parties. We or our customers specify the raw materials and other items required to manufacture their product and, in some cases,
specify the suppliers from whom we must purchase these raw materials. In certain instances, the raw materials and other items can only be supplied by a
limited number of suppliers and, in some cases, a single source, or in limited quantities. If third-party suppliers do not supply raw materials or other items
on  a  timely  basis,  it  may  cause  a  manufacturing  run  to  be  delayed  or  canceled  which  would  adversely  impact  our  financial  condition  and  results  of
operations.    Additionally,  we  do  not  have  long-term  supply  contracts  with  any  of  our  single  source  suppliers.  If  we  experience  difficulties  acquiring
sufficient quantities of required materials or products from our existing suppliers, or if our suppliers are found to be non-compliant with the FDA’s quality
system  regulation,  CGMPs  or  other  applicable  laws  or  regulations,  we  would  be  required  to  find  alternative  suppliers.  If  our  primary  suppliers  become
unable  or  unwilling  to  perform,  any  resulting  delays  or  interruptions  in  the  supply  of  raw  materials  required  to  support  our  manufacturing  of  CGMP
pharmaceutical-grade  products  would  ultimately  delay  our  manufacture  of  products  for  our  customers,  which  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our
financial condition and operating results.

Furthermore, third-party suppliers may fail to provide us with raw materials and other items that meet the qualifications and specifications required by us or
our customers. If third-party suppliers are not able to provide us with raw materials that meet our or our customers’ specifications on a timely basis, we
may be unable to manufacture their product or it could prevent us from delivering products to our customers within required timeframes. Any such delay in
delivering  our  products  may  create  liability  for  us  to  our  customers  for  breach  of  contract  or  cause  us  to  experience  order  cancellations  and  loss  of
customers.  In  the  event  that  we  manufacture  products  with  inferior  quality  components  and  raw  materials,  we  may  become  subject  to  product  liability
claims  caused  by  defective  raw  materials  or  components  from  a  third-party  supplier  or  from  a  customer,  or  our  customer  may  be  required  to  recall  its
products from the market. 

If we use hazardous and biological materials in a manner that causes injury or violates applicable law, we may be liable for damages. 

Our contract manufacturing operations involve, and our recently discontinued research and development activities involved, the controlled use of hazardous
materials and chemicals. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations in the U.S. governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and
disposal  of  hazardous  materials  and  chemicals.  Although  we  believe  that  our  procedures  for  using,  handling,  storing  and  disposing  of  these  materials
comply with legally prescribed standards, we may incur significant additional costs to comply with applicable laws in the future. Also, even if we are in
compliance with applicable laws, we cannot completely eliminate the risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials or chemicals. As a
result  of  any  such  contamination  or  injury,  we  may  incur  liability  or  local,  city,  state  or  federal  authorities  may  curtail  the  use  of  these  materials  and
interrupt our business operations. In the event of an accident, we could be held liable for damages or penalized with fines, and the liability could exceed our
resources. Compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations is expensive, and current or future environmental regulations may impair our
contract manufacturing operations, which could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.  

Potential  product  liability  claims,  errors  and  omissions  claims  in  connection  with  services  we  perform  and  potential  liability  under  indemnification
agreements between us and our officers and directors could adversely affect us. 

We manufacture products intended for use in humans. These activities could expose us to risk of liability for personal injury or death to persons using such
products. We seek to reduce our potential liability through measures such as contractual indemnification provisions with customers (the scope of which
may  vary  by  customer,  and  the  performances  of  which  are  not  secured)  and  insurance  maintained  by  us  and  our  customers.  We  could  be  materially
adversely  affected  if  we  are  required  to  pay  damages  or  incur  defense  costs  in  connection  with  a  claim  that  is  outside  the  scope  of  the  indemnification
agreements,  if  the  indemnity,  although  applicable,  is  not  performed  in  accordance  with  its  terms  or  if  our  liabilities  exceed  the  amount  of  applicable
insurance or indemnity. In addition, we could be held liable for errors and omissions in connection with the services we perform. We currently maintain
product liability and errors and omissions insurance with respect to these risks. There can be no assurance, however, that our insurance coverage will be
adequate or that insurance coverage will continue to be available on terms acceptable to us. 

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We also indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is serving at our request in such capacity. The
maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. Although we have a
director and officer insurance policy that covers a portion of any potential exposure, we could be materially and adversely affected if we are required to pay
damages or incur legal costs in connection with a claim above such insurance limits.

Any claims beyond our insurance coverage limits, or that are otherwise not covered by our insurance, may result in substantial costs and a reduction in
our available capital resources.  

We maintain property insurance, employer’s liability insurance, product liability insurance, general liability insurance, business interruption insurance, and
directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, among others. Although we maintain what we believe to be adequate insurance coverage, potential claims may
exceed the amount of insurance coverage or may be excluded under the terms of the policy, which could cause an adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results from operations. Generally, we would be at risk for the loss of inventory that is not within customer specifications. These amounts
could be significant. In addition, in the future we may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage or we may be required to pay higher premiums and
accept higher deductibles in order to secure adequate insurance coverage.

We depend on key personnel and the loss of key personnel could harm our business and results of operations. 

We depend on our ability to attract and retain qualified scientific and technical employees, as well as a number of key executives. These employees may
voluntarily terminate their employment with us at any time. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain key personnel, or to attract and retain
additional qualified employees. We do not maintain key-man or similar policies covering any of our senior management or key personnel. Our inability to
attract and retain key personnel would have a material adverse effect on our business.

We have federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carry forwards which, if we were to become profitable, could be used to offset/defer federal and
state income taxes. Our ability to use such carry forwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations related to changes in
ownership of our stock.

As of April 30, 2020, we had federal and state NOL carry forwards of approximately $427 million and $277 million, respectively, expiring from 2021 to
2038. These NOL carry forwards could potentially be used to offset certain future federal and state income tax liabilities. However, utilization of NOL
carry forwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation pursuant to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), as
well as similar state provisions due to ownership changes that have occurred previously or that could occur in the future. In general, an ownership change,
as defined by Section 382, results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders or public groups in the stock of a corporation by more
than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. A Section 382 analysis was completed as of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 and we subsequently
reviewed  such  activity  through  April  30,  2020,  which  we  determined  that  no  such  change  in  ownership  has  occurred.  However,  ownership  changes
occurring  subsequent  to  April  30,  2020  may  impact  the  utilization  of  our  NOL  carry  forwards  and  other  tax  attributes.  Any  limitation  may  result  in
expiration of a portion of the carry forwards before utilization. If we were not able to utilize our carry forwards, we would be required to use our cash
resources to pay taxes that would otherwise have been offset, thereby reducing our liquidity.

U.S. federal income tax reform could adversely affect us. 

In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law, significantly reforming the Code. The Tax Act, among other things,
includes  changes  to  U.S.  federal  tax  rates,  imposes  significant  additional  limitations  on  the  deductibility  of  interest,  allows  for  the  expensing  of  capital
expenditures, effectuates the migration from a “worldwide” system of taxation to a territorial system and modifies or repeals many business deductions and
credits.  We  continue  to  examine  the  impact  the  Tax  Act  may  have  on  our  business.  As  the  overall  impact  of  the  Tax  Act  is  evolving,  we  continue  to
evaluate  the  effect  of  the Tax  Act  on  our  business,  including  our  projection  of  minimal  cash  taxes  and  our  net  operating  losses,  the  impact  of  such  tax
reform could have a negative impact on our financial results and the market price of our common stock.   

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business disruptions could seriously harm our future revenues and financial condition and increase our costs and expenses.

Our operations could be subject to earthquakes, power shortages and surges, telecommunications failures, water shortages, floods, fires, extreme weather
conditions, medical epidemics and other natural or manmade disasters or business interruptions, for which we have limited insurance or are predominantly
self-insured. The occurrence of any of these business disruptions could seriously harm our manufacturing operations and financial condition and increase
our  costs  and  expenses.  Our  ability  to  obtain  raw  materials,  components  and  supplies  for  the  manufacture,  as  well  as  the  services  of  outside  testing
laboratories, of our third party customers’ products, for which we act as a contract manufacturer, could be disrupted, if the operations of these suppliers
and/or labs is affected by a man-made or natural disaster or other business interruption. Our corporate headquarters and manufacturing facilities are located
in California near major earthquake faults. The ultimate impact on us, our significant suppliers and our general infrastructure of being located near major
earthquake faults and being consolidated in certain geographical areas is unknown, but our operations and financial condition could suffer in the event of a
major earthquake or other natural disaster.

We may face additional liabilities associated with our prior research and development activities. 

In 2018, we sold the majority of our research and development assets, including our development-stage immunotherapy product, bavituximab (as described
in  Note  11  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements).  As  a  result,  we  are  no  longer  pursuing  our  prior  research  and  development  activities,
including the clinical development associated therewith. We may still face unknown liabilities associated with these prior activities. For example, in the
course of our prior development of our product candidate, bavituximab, we contracted with third parties to conduct a series of clinical trials and, although
we maintain product liability insurance for clinical studies in the amount of $10 million per occurrence or $10 million in the aggregate on a claims-made
basis, as well as country-specific coverage where required for clinical sites located in foreign countries, our coverage may not be adequate in the event we
face a product liability claim due to an adverse effect resulting from any of such trials. Any liabilities arising from our prior research and development
activities that are not covered by our insurance coverage could negatively impact our financial condition and results of operations. 

We may be subject to various litigation claims and legal proceedings. 

We, as well as certain of our directors and officers, may be subject to claims or lawsuits during the ordinary course of business. Regardless of the outcome,
these lawsuits may result in significant legal fees and expenses and could divert management’s time and other resources. If the claims contained in these
lawsuits are successfully asserted against us, we could be liable for damages and be required to alter or cease certain of our business practices. Any of these
outcomes could cause our business, financial performance and cash position to be negatively impacted.

We have become increasingly dependent on information technology and any breakdown, interruption or breach of our information technology systems
could subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows.

We are increasingly dependent upon sophisticated information technology systems and infrastructure in connection with the conduct of our business. We
must constantly update our information technology infrastructure and our various current information technology systems throughout the organization may
not continue to meet our current and future business needs. Furthermore, modification, upgrade or replacement of such systems may be costly. In addition,
due to the size and complexity of these systems, any breakdown, interruption, corruption or unauthorized access to or cyber-attack on these systems could
create  system  disruptions,  shutdowns  or  unauthorized  disclosure  of  confidential  information.  While  we  attempt  to  take  appropriate  security  and  cyber-
security measures to protect our data and information technology systems and to prevent such breakdowns and unauthorized breaches and cyber-attacks,
these measures may not be successful and these breakdowns and breaches in, or attacks on, our systems and data may not be prevented. Such breakdowns,
breaches or attacks may cause business interruption and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and
cash  flows  and  could  cause  the  market  value  of  our  common  shares  to  decline,  and  we  may  suffer  financial  damage  or  other  loss,  including  fines  or
criminal penalties because of lost or misappropriated information.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our bylaws, as amended, provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between
us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers
or employees.

Our bylaws, as amended, provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive
forum  for  any  derivative  action  or  proceeding  brought  on  our  behalf,  any  action  asserting  a  breach  of  a  fiduciary  duty  owed  by  any  of  our  directors,
officers,  or  other  employees  to  us,  any  action  asserting  a  claim  against  us  arising  pursuant  to  the  Delaware  General  Corporation  Law,  our  certificate  of
incorporation or our bylaws, any action to interpret, apply, enforce, or determine the validity of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or any action
asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim
in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us
and our directors, officers and other employees.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock

A significant number of shares of our common stock are issuable pursuant to outstanding options, restricted stock units and convertible securities, and
we may issue additional shares of common stock in the future. Sales or conversions of these shares will dilute the interests of other security holders and
may depress the price of our common stock. 

As of April 30, 2020, an aggregate of 6,941,049 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under outstanding stock options and restricted stock
units, or available for future issuance under our stock incentive plans. Additionally, as of April 30, 2020, there were 1,148,735 shares of common stock
reserved for and available for issuance under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) and up to 6,826,435 shares of common stock issuable upon
conversion of our outstanding 10.50% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”). The issuance of additional shares of common
stock upon the exercise, release or conversion, as applicable, of any of the foregoing securities, or the perception that such issuances may occur, would
have a dilutive impact on other stockholders and could have a material negative effect on the market price of our common stock.

Our highly volatile stock price may adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock. 

The market price of our common stock has generally been highly volatile and is likely to continue to be highly volatile. For instance, the market price of
our common stock has ranged from $2.24 to $8.44 per share over the last three fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 (as adjusted to reflect the 1-for-7 reverse
stock split of our issued and outstanding common stock that took effect on July 10, 2017).  

In addition, the market price of our common stock may be significantly impacted by many factors including, but not limited to: 

·
·
·
·
·
·
·

·
·
·
·
·

·

our loss of a significant customer;
significant changes in our financial results or that of our competitors, including our ability to continue as a going concern;
our ability to meet our revenue guidance;
the offering and sale of shares of our common stock, either sold at market prices or at a discount under an equity transaction;
significant changes in our capital structure;
published reports by securities analysts;
announcements of partnering transactions, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and any other transaction that involves the development, sale or use
of our technologies or competitive technologies;
regulatory developments, including possible delays in the regulatory approval of our customers’ products which we manufacture;
outcomes of significant litigation, disputes and other legal or regulatory proceedings;
general stock trends in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry sectors;
public concerns as to the safety and effectiveness of the products we manufacture;
economic trends and other external factors including, but not limited to, interest rate fluctuations, economic recession, inflation, foreign market
trends, national crisis, and disasters; and
healthcare reimbursement reform and cost-containment measures implemented by government agencies.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
These  and  other  external  factors  have  caused  and  may  continue  to  cause  the  market  price  and  demand  for  our  common  stock  to  fluctuate  substantially,
which may limit or prevent investors from readily selling their shares of common stock, and may otherwise negatively affect the liquidity of our common
stock.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, so any returns will be limited to the value of our stock.

We  have  never  declared  or  paid  any  cash  dividend  on  our  common  stock.  We  currently  anticipate  that  we  will  retain  future  earnings,  if  any,  for  the
development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any return
to stockholders will therefore be limited to the appreciation of their stock.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research reports about us, or if they issue adverse opinions about our business, our stock price and
trading volume could decline.

The research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business will influence the market for our common stock. If one or
more  analysts  who  cover  us  issues  an  adverse  opinion  about  us,  our  stock  price  would  likely  decline.  If  one  or  more  of  these  analysts  ceases  research
coverage of us or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets which, in turn, could cause our stock price or
trading volume to decline. Further, if we fail to meet the market expectations of analysts who follow our stock, our stock price likely would decline.

We may not be able to pay dividends on the Series E Preferred Stock.

Additional Risks Related to the Ownership of our Series E Preferred Stock

We are incorporated in Delaware and governed by the Delaware General Corporation Law. Delaware law allows a corporation to pay dividends only out of
surplus, as determined under Delaware law, or if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend was declared and for the
preceding fiscal year. Under Delaware law, however, we cannot pay dividends out of net profits if, after we pay the dividend, our capital would be less than
the capital represented by the outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets. In addition, payment of our dividends
depends  upon  our  financial  condition  and  other  factors  as  our  board  of  directors  may  deem  relevant  from  time  to  time.  Our  business  may  not  generate
sufficient  cash  flow  from  operations  or  future  borrowings  may  not  be  available  to  us  in  an  amount  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  make  distributions  on  our
Series E Preferred Stock.

The market price of the Series E Preferred Stock could be substantially affected by various factors.

The market price of the Series E Preferred Stock will depend on many factors, which may change from time to time, including:

·
·
·
·
·

·

·
·
·
·
·
·
·

prevailing interest rates, increases in which may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Series E Preferred Stock;
trading prices of common and preferred equity securities issued by other biopharmaceutical companies;
the annual yield from distributions on the Series E Preferred Stock, as compared to yields on other financial instruments;
announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by us or our competitors;
publicity regarding actual or potential company-sponsored clinical trial and investigator-sponsored clinical trial results relating to products under
development by us or our competitors;
announcements of licensing agreements, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and any other transaction that involves the development, sale or use of
our technologies;
regulatory developments and product safety concerns;
general economic and financial market conditions;
government action or regulation;
significant changes in the financial condition, performance and prospects of us and our competitors;
changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts with respect to us, and our competitors in our industry;
our issuance of additional preferred equity or debt securities; and
actual or anticipated variations in quarterly operating results of us and our competitors.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As  a  result  of  these  and  other  factors,  holders  of  our  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  may  experience  a  decrease,  which  could  be  substantial  and  rapid,  in  the
market price of the Series E Preferred Stock, including decreases unrelated to our operating performance or prospects.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

Our corporate offices and manufacturing facilities are all located in close proximity in Tustin, California. We currently lease an aggregate of approximately
158,000 square feet of office, manufacturing, laboratory and warehouse space in four buildings under three separate lease agreements.

We lease approximately 26,000 square feet for our corporate headquarters under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began April 2016 and
terminates August 2023. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to August 2035.

We lease approximately 48,000 square feet of office, manufacturing and laboratory space under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began
December 1998 and terminates December 2027. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to December 2037.

We lease approximately 84,000 square feet of manufacturing and laboratory space under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began July 2014
and terminates January 2027. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to January 2037.

We believe that the space we lease is adequate to meet our current needs and that, if necessary, additional space would be available to accommodate any
future growth.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both
probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly
and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and
events  pertaining  to  a  particular  case.  We  currently  are  not  a  party  to  any  legal  proceedings,  the  adverse  outcome  of  which,  in  management’s  opinion,
individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the trading symbol “CDMO.”

Holders of Common Stock

As of June 19, 2020, we had 329 stockholders of record of our common stock. This number does not include beneficial owners whose shares are held in
street name.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Dividend Policy

Common Stock

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future
determination  to  declare  cash  dividends  will  be  made  at  the  discretion  of  our  Board  of  Directors  and  will  depend  on  our  financial  condition,  results  of
operations, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. In addition, our ability to
pay  dividends  is  currently  restricted  by  the  terms  of  the  Certificate  of  Designations  of  Rights  and  Preferences  (the  “Certificate  of  Designations”)  with
respect to our 10.50% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”).

Series E Preferred Stock

Our Series E Preferred Stock ranks senior to our common stock with respect to dividend rights. Holders of our Series E Preferred Stock are entitled to
receive,  when  and  as  declared  by  our  Board  of  Directors  out  of  funds  legally  available  for  the  payment  of  distributions,  cumulative  preferential  cash
dividends, payable in cash, at a rate of 10.50% per annum on the stated value of $25.00 per share, or $2.625 per share per annum (in each case, as adjusted
for any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reclassification or any similar transaction).

The dividend rate on our Series E Preferred Stock will increase to a penalty rate of 12.50% per annum in the event we: (i) fail to pay dividends for any four
consecutive or nonconsecutive quarterly dividend periods; or (ii) fail, for period of 180 consecutive days or more, to maintain the listing or quotation, as
applicable, of our Series E Preferred Stock on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT LLC, The NASDAQ Global Market, The NASDAQ Global
Select Market or The NASDAQ Capital Market, or any successor to such national securities exchange.

Dividends on our Series E Preferred Stock accrue and accumulate on each issued and outstanding share of our Series E Preferred Stock on a daily basis
from, and including, the original date of issuance of such share. Dividends on our Series E Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears on or about the
first day of each January, April, July, and October, as set forth in the Certificates of Designation. For each of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019,
and 2018, we paid aggregate cash dividends of approximately $4.3 million to the holders of issued and outstanding shares of our Series E Preferred Stock.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph

Notwithstanding  any  statement  to  the  contrary  in  any  of  our  previous  or  future  filings  with  the  SEC,  the  following  information  relating  to  the  price
performance of our common stock shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC or to be “soliciting material” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and it shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.

The  following  chart  shows  the  performance  from  April  30,  2015  through  April  30,  2020  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  common  stock,  compared  with  an
investment  in  the  stocks  represented  in  the  NASDAQ  ICB:  4577  Pharmaceuticals  Index  and  the  NASDAQ  U.S.  Benchmark  TR  Index  assuming  the
investment of $100 at the beginning of the period and the reinvestment of dividends, if any. The total return data for the comparative indexes were prepared
by NASDAQ OMX Global Indexes.

COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
VALUE OF INVESTMENT OF $100 ON APRIL 30, 2015

The underlying data for the preceding graph is as follows:

  Avid Bioservices, Inc.
    NASDAQ  ICB:  4577  Pharmaceuticals
(subsector)
  NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark TR Index

  $

  $
  $

April 30, 
2015

April 30, 
2016

April 30, 
2017

April 30,
2018

April 30,
2019

April 30,
2020

100.00    $

27.03    $

46.99    $

40.02    $

52.24    $

66.52 

100.00    $
100.00    $

98.65    $
99.90    $

106.64    $
118.66    $

115.07    $
134.34    $

131.35    $
151.38    $

145.31 
150.21 

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, are
derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This information should be read in conjunction with
those  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  notes  thereto,  and  with  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of
Operations.” The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of April 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016, and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2017 and
2016,  are  derived  from  our  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  that  are  contained  in  Annual  Reports  previously  filed  with  the  SEC,  not  included
herein.

2020 (a)

2019 (b)
2017
2018
(in thousands, except for per share amounts)

2016

Revenues

(Loss) income from continuing operations

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

(c) (d)

Net loss

Net loss attributable to common stockholders (e)

Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share

attributable to common stockholders:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net loss per share attributable to common

stockholders

Cash and cash equivalents
Working capital
Total assets
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion
Other long-term liabilities
_________________

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$
$
$
$

59,702   

(10,466)  

–   

(10,466)  

(15,152)  

(0.27)  

–   

(0.27)  

36,262   
15,283   
107,620   
21,244   
–   

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$
$
$
$

53,603   

(5,056)  

841   

(4,215)  

(8,901)  

(0.17)  

0.01   

(0.16)  

32,351   
28,156   
78,395   
–   
93   

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$
$
$
$

53,621    $

57,630    $

44,357 

(20,563)   $

1,393    $

3,597 

(1,250)   $

(29,552)   $

(59,249)

(21,813)   $

(28,159)   $

(55,652)

(26,499)   $

(32,799)   $

(60,136)

(0.53)   $

(0.09)   $

(0.03)   $

(0.79)   $

(0.03)

(1.92)

(0.56)   $

(0.88)   $

(1.95)

42,265    $
29,964    $
95,760    $
–    $
–    $

46,799    $
26,943    $
118,112    $
–    $
–    $

61,412 
24,234 
109,043 
– 
– 

(a) On May 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases
with a lease term greater than one year (as described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). We adopted ASC 842 using the
modified retrospective method. Accordingly, results for reporting periods beginning after May 1, 2019 are presented in accordance with ASC 842,
while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to May 1, 2019.
(b) On  May  1,  2018,  we  adopted  ASC  606,  Revenue from Contracts with Customers,  using  the  modified  retrospective  method  to  all  contracts  not
completed  as  of  May  1,  2018  (as  described  in  Note  2  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements).  Under  the  modified  retrospective
method, results for the reporting periods beginning on or after May 1, 2018 are presented in accordance with ASC 606, while prior period amounts
are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to May 1, 2018.

(c) For all periods presented, the operating results of our former research and development segment are reported as income (loss) from discontinued

(d)

operations, net of tax (as described in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax for fiscal years 2019 and 2018 include a gain on sale of research and development assets
before tax of $1.0 million and $8.0 million, respectively (as described in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).

(e) Net loss attributable to common stockholders represents our net loss plus Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  “Item  6—Selected  Financial  Data”  and  our  audited  Consolidated  Financial
Statements and the related notes thereto set forth in “Item 8—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”. In addition to historical information, this
discussion  and  analysis  contains  forward-looking  statements,  including  statements  regarding  the  anticipated  impact  of  the  ongoing  COVID-19  global
pandemic on our business operations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, those set forth under “Item 1A—Risk Factors” and elsewhere
in this Annual Report.

For discussion related to changes in financial condition and our results of operations for fiscal year 2019 compared to fiscal year 2018, refer to “Part II,
Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, which was filed with the SEC on June 27, 2019.

Overview

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture. With 27 years of experience producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, our services include CGMP
clinical and commercial product manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a variety
of  process  development  services,  including  upstream  and  downstream  development  and  optimization,  analytical  methods  development,  testing  and
characterization. All our services are available as either stand-alone or bundled for full development and manufacturing programs. 

Strategic Objectives

The following are our near-term strategic objectives:

·

·
·

·

Invest in additional manufacturing capacity and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand
of our customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing;
Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy;
Continue to expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings;
and
Increase our operating profit margin to best in class industry standards.

Fiscal Year 2020 Highlights

Reported revenues of $59.7 million for fiscal 2020, an increase of 11%, or $6.1 million, from fiscal 2019, representing an all-time high for us.

Increased our customer base and expanded the scope of work with multiple existing customers to increase the number of manufacturing batches and/or
scale of production, including entering into a new contract manufacturing agreement with one of the world’s leading pharmaceutical companies to provide
process transfer and clinical manufacturing services to the support the development of a novel therapeutic candidate.

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Personnel

Added key members to our executive leadership team with the appointments of Timothy Compton as our Chief Commercial Officer and Richard Richieri
as our Chief Operations Officer. Mr. Compton is focused on driving the continued growth of our CDMO business, including the ongoing expansion of our
commercial  and  clinical  customer  base.  Mr.  Richieri  oversees  our  process  development,  clinical  and  commercial  manufacturing,  technical  support  and
facilities functions, and focuses on streamlining operations, building internal efficiencies and strategic planning for future growth.

Appointed Catherine Mackey, Ph.D. to our board of directors as an independent member.

Facilities

Initiated  the  pre-engineering,  design  and  permitting  work  required  that  will  allow  us  to  break  ground  on  a  facility  expansion  when  we  determine  it  is
appropriate. We expect that such expansion could take 12 to 18 months to complete. While a specific kick-off date has not yet been established for this
expansion, we believe that customer demand will require additional capacity in the next 12 to 24 months and we expect to be prepared to accommodate that
demand.

Advanced  the  construction  stages  of  the  installation  of  a  pharmaceutical-grade  water  system  within  our  Myford  Facility.  We  expect  the  installation  and
validation of the pharmaceutical grade water system to take place in late calendar year 2020.

Completed  the  expansion  of  our  total  available  process  development  laboratory  space,  upgraded  the  infrastructure  and  equipment  within  our  existing
process  development  laboratories,  and  implemented  new  state-of-the-art  technologies  and  equipment  designed  to  facilitate  efficient,  high-throughput
development of innovative upstream and downstream manufacturing processes.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the global novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) outbreak a pandemic. To date, the COVID-19
pandemic has not had a significant impact on our operations, as we have been able to continue to operate our manufacturing facilities and provide essential
services to our customers. Additionally, in an effort to protect the health and safety of our employees and in compliance with state regulations, we have
instituted  a  work-from-home  policy  for  employees  who  can  perform  their  job  functions  offsite,  implemented  social  distancing  requirements  and  other
measures to allow manufacturing and other personnel essential to production to continue work within our manufacturing facilities, and suspended all non-
essential employee travel.

The  full  extent  to  which  COVID-19  will  directly  or  indirectly  impact  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  will  depend  on  future
developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19, the actions
taken to contain it or treat its impact and the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets. We will continue to assess the potential
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. For a further discussion of potential risks to our business
from the COVID-19 pandemic, see “Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors” of this Annual Report.

Performance and Financial Measures

In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of performance and financial measures. The key indicators of the financial condition
and operating performance of our business are revenues, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses and operating income. 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We intend for this discussion to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in
certain key items in those consolidated financial statements from period to period and the primary factors that accounted for those changes. 

Revenues

Revenues are derived from services provided under our customer contracts and are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue
streams.  The  manufacturing  revenue  stream  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  derived  from  mammalian  cell
culture  covering  clinical  through  commercial  manufacturing  runs.  The  process  development  revenue  stream  generally  represents  revenue  from  services
associated with the custom development of a manufacturing process and analytical methods for a customer’s product. 

Gross Profit

Gross profit is equal to revenues less cost of revenues. Cost of revenues reflects the direct cost of labor, overhead and material costs. Direct labor costs
include  personnel  costs  within  the  manufacturing,  process  and  analytical  development,  quality  assurance,  quality  control,  validation,  supply  chain  and
facilities functions. Overhead costs include the rent, common area maintenance, utilities, property taxes, security, materials and supplies, software, small
equipment and deprecation costs of all manufacturing and laboratory locations. 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling,  general  and  administrative  (“SG&A”)  expenses  are  composed  of  corporate-level  expenses,  including  personnel  and  support  costs  of  corporate
functions  such  as  executive  management,  finance  and  accounting,  business  development,  legal,  human  resources,  information  technology,  project
management,  and  other  centralized  services.  SG&A  expenses  include  corporate  legal  fees,  audit  and  accounting  fees,  investor  relation  expenses,  non-
employee director fees, corporate facility related expenses, and other expenses relating to our general management, administration, project management,
and business development activities. SG&A expenses are generally not directly proportional to revenues, but we expect such expenses to increase over time
to support the needs of our growing company.

Results of Operations

The following table compares the operating results from our continuing operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

Revenues
Cost of revenues

Gross profit (loss)

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative
Loss on lease termination
Restructuring charges

Total operating expenses

Operating loss
Interest and other income, net
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax benefit

Loss from continuing operations, net of tax

2020

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

$

$

59,702   
55,770   
3,932   

14,517   
355   
–   
14,872   
(10,940)  
474   
(10,466)  
–   
(10,466)  

$

53,603    $
46,379   
7,224   

12,846   
–   
–   
12,846   
(5,622)  
282   
(5,340)  
284   
(5,056)   $

53,621 
56,545 
(2,924)

16,456 
– 
1,258 
17,714 
(20,638)
75 
(20,563)
– 
(20,563)

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fiscal Year 2020 Compared to Fiscal Year 2019

Revenues

Revenues were $59.7 million in fiscal 2020, compared to $53.6 million in fiscal 2019, an increase of approximately $6.1 million, or 11%. The increase in
revenues can be attributed to a $8.6 million increase in manufacturing revenue primarily due to an increase in the number of manufacturing runs in-process
and/or  completed  in  fiscal  2020  compared  to  fiscal  2019,  partially  offset  by  a  decrease  in  process  development  revenue.  The  increase  in  revenues  was
attributed to the following components of our revenue streams:

Net increase in manufacturing revenues
Net decrease in process development revenues

Total increase in revenues

$ millions

8.6 
(2.5)
6.1 

$

$

Additionally, growth in manufacturing revenue during fiscal 2020 was impacted by a production interruption related to a problem with a specific piece of
equipment,  which  resulted  in  the  termination  of  certain  in-process  manufacturing  runs  and  the  postponement  of  other  manufacturing  runs  scheduled  to
commence during fiscal 2020. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we implemented what we believe was the necessary remediation for the specific
piece  of  equipment  that  resulted  in  the  production  interruption.  We  are  currently  progressing  through  the  confirmation  stage  of  this  remediation  during
which  we  are  running  multiple  revenue-generating  production  campaigns  to  confirm  the  successful  remediation  of  the  equipment  issue.  We  expect  the
confirmation stage of this remediation to be completed in the coming months.

Gross Profit

Gross profit was $3.9 million in fiscal 2020, compared to $7.2 million in fiscal 2019, a decrease of approximately $3.3 million, and gross margins for fiscal
2020 and fiscal 2019 were 7% and 13%, respectively. The $3.3 million decrease in gross profit for fiscal 2020 was primarily attributed to higher facility
and equipment related costs primarily related to the production interruption noted above, planned growth costs associated with payroll and related costs,
and increased depreciation expense from the acquisition of new equipment, which were partially offset by an increase in revenues.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A  expenses  were  $14.5  million  in  fiscal  2020,  compared  to  $12.8  million  in  fiscal  2019,  an  increase  of  approximately  $1.7  million,  or  13%.  As  a
percentage  of  revenue,  SG&A  expenses  for  the  fiscal  years  2020  and  2019  were  both  24%.  The  net  increase  in  SG&A  expenses  was  attributed  to  the
following components:

Increase in separation related expenses
Increase in payroll and benefit costs
Increase in stock-based compensation expense
Decrease in accrued bonus expense
Net increase in all other SG&A expenses
Total increase in SG&A expenses

24

$ millions

0.8 
0.6 
0.5 
(0.5)
0.3 
1.7 

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loss on Lease Termination

In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we terminated an operating lease for one of our non-manufacturing facilities that was primarily utilized for warehouse
space. The lease termination was primarily driven by our efforts to reduce costs by leveraging available warehouse space in our other facilities, which we
expect will save us approximately $1.3 million in the aggregate over a period of four years. In connection with the termination of this lease, we removed
the  corresponding  operating  lease  right-of-use  asset  and  liability  balances  from  our  consolidated  balance  sheet  and  recognized  a  loss  of  $0.4  million.
Additionally, the lease termination released $0.3 million of restricted cash that was pledged as collateral under a letter of credit required by the terminated
lease.

Operating Loss

Operating loss was $10.9 million for fiscal 2020, compared to an operating loss of $5.6 million for fiscal 2019. Of this $5.3 million increase in operating
loss  for  fiscal  2020,  approximately  $3.3  million  was  attributable  to  a  decrease  in  gross  profit,  combined  with  an  increase  in  SG&A  expenses  of
approximately $1.7 million and a $0.4 million loss recognized in connection with the termination of the operating lease discussed above.

Income Tax Benefit

In fiscal 2019, we recognized a $1.0 million gain in discontinued operations, before taxes, for the sale of our r84 technology (as described in Note 11 of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). In accordance with the “Intraperiod Tax Allocation” rules under ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the
allocation  of  an  entity’s  total  annual  income  tax  provision  among  continuing  operations  and,  in  our  case,  discontinued  operations  for  fiscal  2019,  we
recorded a tax benefit in continuing operations, with an offsetting tax expense of $0.3 million recorded in discontinued operations.

Discontinued Operations

As  a  result  of  the  sale  of  our  PS-targeting  and  r84  technologies  in  fiscal  2018  and  fiscal  2019,  respectively  (as  described  in  Note  11  of  the  Notes  to
Consolidated Financial Statements), the abandonment of our remaining research and development assets, and the strategic shift in our corporate direction to
focus solely on our CDMO business, the operating results of our former research and development segment have been excluded from continuing operations
and reported as income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the accompanying consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. The
gains  of  $1.0  million  and  $8.0  million  that  were  recorded  in  connection  with  the  aforementioned  sales  of  our  PS-targeting  and  r84  technologies,
respectively,  are  included  in  income  (loss)  from  discontinued  operations,  net  of  tax,  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and
Comprehensive Loss for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. There were no operating results from discontinued operations during
the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have
been  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“U.S.  GAAP”).  The  preparation  of  our  consolidated
financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related
disclosures. We review our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that
are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may vary from what we anticipate and different assumptions or estimates about the future could
change our reported results. While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,
we believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue Recognition

On May 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), and its subsequent updates
(codified as ASC 606), using the modified retrospective method. Accordingly, results for reporting periods after May 1, 2018 are presented in accordance
with ASC 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to
our adoption of ASC 606.

Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we
expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers we perform the following five
steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate
the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.

Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.

Manufacturing revenue

Manufacturing  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  recognized  over  time,  utilizing  an  input  method  that
compares  the  cost  of  cumulative  work-in-process  to  date  to  the  most  current  estimates  for  the  entire  cost  of  the  performance  obligation.  Under  a
manufacturing  contract,  a  quantity  of  manufacturing  runs  is  ordered  and  the  product  is  manufactured  according  to  the  customer’s  specifications  and
typically only one performance obligation is included. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value
to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains control of its product
during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to
consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.

Process development revenue

Process  development  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  services  associated  with  the  custom  development  of  a  manufacturing  process  and
analytical methods for a customer’s product. Process development revenue is recognized over time, utilizing an input method that compares the cost of
cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract,
the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to
meet its specifications and typically only one performance obligation is included. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make
changes to its process or specifications upon request.

The  timing  of  revenue  recognition,  billings  and  cash  collections  results  in  billed  trade  receivables,  contract  assets  (unbilled  receivables),  and  contract
liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the
passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivables on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract
liabilities  represent  customer  deposits  and  deferred  revenue  billed  and/or  received  in  advance  of  our  fulfillment  of  performance  obligations.  Contract
liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.

The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts reflect our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled
in  exchange  for  providing  goods  and  services  to  our  customers.  In  determining  the  transaction  price,  we  considered  the  different  sources  of  variable
consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction price
some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the
amount  of  cumulative  revenue  recognized  will  not  occur  when  the  uncertainty  associated  with  the  variable  consideration  is  subsequently  resolved.  The
actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.

Management may be required to exercise judgement in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgement is required in identifying performance obligations,
estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, and estimating the progress towards the
satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in
the period that such variances become known.

We apply the practical expedient available under ASC 606 that permits us not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts
with an original expected length of one year or less. As of April 30, 2020, we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts greater than
one year.

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prior to our adoption of ASC 606 on May 1, 2018, revenue was generally recognized when all of the following criteria were met: (i) persuasive evidence of
an  arrangement  exists,  (ii)  delivery  has  occurred  or  services  have  been  rendered,  (iii)  the  seller’s  price  to  the  buyer  is  fixed  or  determinable,  and  (iv)
collectability is reasonably assured.

Stock-based Compensation

We  account  for  stock  options,  restricted  stock  units  and  other  stock-based  awards  granted  under  our  equity  compensation  plans  in  accordance  with  the
authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured
at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis
over the requisite service periods, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of restricted stock units is measured at the grant date based on the
closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the period of vesting. Forfeitures
are recognized as a reduction of stock-based compensation expense as they occur. As of April 30, 2020, there were no outstanding stock-based awards with
market or performance conditions.

The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is based
on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual historical
exercise  activity  and  assumptions  regarding  future  exercise  activity  of  unexercised,  outstanding  options.  The  risk-free  interest  rate  is  based  on  U.S.
Treasury notes with terms within the contractual life of the option at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our expectation
of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying such cash
dividends.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are our existing cash and cash equivalents. As of April 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $36.3 million.
Excluding the cash loan proceeds of $4.4 million received in April 2020 under a promissory note pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”)
established  pursuant  to  the  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and  Economic  Security  Act  of  2020  (the  “CARES Act”)  administered  by  the  U.S.  Small  Business
Administration (“SBA”), which proceeds were subsequently repaid in full to the lender in May 2020 (as described in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements), we would have had cash and equivalents of $31.9 million as of April 30, 2020. Our ability to fund our operations is dependent on
the amount of cash on hand and our ability to generate positive cash flow to sustain our current operations.

We  currently  anticipate  that  our  cash  and  cash  equivalents  as  of  April  30,  2020,  excluding  the  aforementioned  $4.4  million  in  loan  proceeds  that  were
returned to the lender thereof in May 2020, combined with our projected cash receipts from services to be rendered under our existing customer contracts,
will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Annual Report.

In the event we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow to support our current operations, we may need to raise additional capital in the equity markets
in  order  to  fund  our  future  operations.  We  may  raise  funds  through  the  issuance  of  debt  or  through  the  public  offering  of  securities.  There  can  be  no
assurance  that  these  financings  will  be  available  on  acceptable  terms,  or  at  all.  Our  ability  to  raise  additional  capital  in  the  equity  and  debt  markets  is
dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the market demand for our common stock. The market demand or liquidity of our common
stock  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  uncertainties  including,  but  not  limited  to,  our  financial  results  and  economic  and  market  conditions.  Further,
global financial crises and economic downturns, including those caused by widespread public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, may cause
extreme volatility and disruptions in capital and credit markets, and may impact our ability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable terms, if at
all. If we are unable to fund our continuing operations through these sources, we may need to restructure, or cease, our operations. In addition, even if we
are able to raise additional capital, it may not be at a price or on terms that are favorable to us. Any of these actions could materially harm our business,
financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (in
thousands):

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
___________

2020

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

$

36,612   
5,827   
(3,812)  
1,096   

33,501    $
(11,595)  
4,544   
(2,863)  

43,415 
(25,992)
(793)
22,251 

(1) As  of  April  30,  2020,  2019  and  2018,  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  included  $0.4  million,  $1.2  million  and  $1.2  million,
respectively, that was restricted from general use, related to cash that was pledged as collateral under letters of credit under the terms of certain
facility lease agreements.

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities

During fiscal 2020, net cash provided by operating activities increased by $17.4 million to $5.8 million from $11.6 million of net cash used in operating
activities during fiscal 2019.

Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2020 was a result of an $10.5 million net loss, as increased to account for non-cash adjustments to
net loss of $5.6 million primarily related to depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation, and cash flows from the net change in operating
assets and liabilities of $10.7 million.

Net cash used in operating activities during fiscal 2019 was a result of a $4.2 million net loss and a $1.0 million gain on the sale of certain research and
development  assets,  offset  by  other  non-cash  adjustments  to  net  loss  of  $4.5  million  primarily  related  to  depreciation  and  amortization  and  stock-based
compensation,  a  $4.6  million  net  change  in  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  discontinued  operations,  and  a  net  change  of  certain  other  operating  assets  and
liabilities of $6.3 million.

Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities

During  fiscal  2020,  net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  increased  by  $8.4  million  to  $3.8  million  from  $4.5  million  of  net  cash  provided  by  investing
activities during fiscal 2019.

Net  cash  used  in  investing  activities  during  fiscal  2020  consisted  of  $3.8  million  used  to  acquire  property  and  equipment  primarily  related  to  our
manufacturing and development operations.

Net  cash  provided  by  investing  activities  during  fiscal  2019  consisted  primarily  of  proceeds  of  $6.0  million  related  to  the  sale  of  certain  research  and
development assets associated with our discontinued research and development segment, offset by cash used to acquire property and equipment of $1.5
million.

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities

During  fiscal  2020,  net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  increased  by  $4.0  million  to  $1.1  million  from  $2.9  million  of  net  cash  used  in  financing
activities during fiscal 2019.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  during  fiscal  2020  consisted  primarily  of  $4.4  million  of  loan  proceeds  received  in  April  2020  from  the  PPP
(which  loan  was  subsequently  repaid  in  full  in  May  2020,  as  described  in  Note  3  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements),  $0.9  million
attributable from the exercise of stock options, and $0.2 million attributable from the issuance of common stock under our employee stock purchase plan,
offset by $4.3 million of cash used to pay preferred dividends to holders of our Series E Preferred Stock.

Net cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2019 consisted primarily of cash used to pay preferred dividends to holders of our Series E Preferred
Stock  of  $4.3  million,  partially  offset  by  proceeds  from  the  exercise  of  stock  options  of  $1.3  million  and  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  common  stock
under our employee stock purchase plan of $0.3 million.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures were $3.8 million during fiscal 2020, which included laboratory and manufacturing equipment, software and enhancements, and
enhancements to our laboratory and manufacturing facilities.

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of April 30, 2020 (in thousands):

Operating leases (1)
Finance lease (2)
Note payable (3)
Total contractual obligations

______________

Payments Due by Period

Total

Less than 1
year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than 5
years

$

$

34,001   
103   
4,379   
38,483   

$

$

2,972   
103   
4,379   
7,454   

$

$

6,005    $
–   
–   
6,005    $

6,257    $
–   
–   
6,257    $

18,767 
– 
– 
18,767 

(1) Primarily represents future minimum lease payments under our facility operating lease agreements as further described in Note 4 of the Notes to

Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2) Represents our obligations under a capital lease agreement to finance certain software.
(3) Represents our obligations under a promissory note entered into in April 2020, evidencing an unsecured loan of $4.4 million (the “PPP Loan”)
from the PPP pursuant to the CARES Act. As further described in Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, we elected to repay
the PPP Loan in full in May 2020.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

As of April 30, 2020, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303 of Regulation S-K, that have or are reasonably likely to
have  a  current  or  future  effect  on  financial  condition,  changes  in  financial  condition,  revenues  or  expenses,  results  of  operations,  liquidity,  capital
expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to us, please see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily invested in money market funds with one major commercial bank with the primary objective to preserve our
principal  balance.  Our  deposits  held  with  this  bank  exceed  the  amount  of  government  insurance  limits  provided  on  our  deposits  and,  therefore,  we  are
exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial bank holding our cash balances. However, these deposits may be redeemed upon
demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk. In addition, while changes in U.S. interest rates would affect the interest earned on our cash balances at April 30,
2020, such changes would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, based on historical movements in interest
rates.

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
31
32
33
34
35
36

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  (the  Company)  as  of  April  30,  2020  and  2019,  the  related
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30,
2020,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at April 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  April  30,  2020,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated June 30, 2020 expressed an  unqualified
opinion thereon.

Adoption of ASU No. 2014-09

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for recognizing revenue as a result of the adoption of
Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), and the amendments in ASUs 2015-14, 2016-08,
2016-10 and 2016-02 effective May 1, 2018.

Adoption of ASU No. 2016-02

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method for accounting for leases effective May 1, 2019 due to
the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and the related amendments.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial
statements based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  PCAOB  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing
procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond
to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of
the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1999.

Irvine, California
June 30, 2020

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable
Contract assets
Inventory
Prepaid expenses

Total current assets

Property and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Restricted cash
Other assets
Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related costs
Note payable
Contract liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Operating lease liabilities, less current portion
Deferred rent, less current portion
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; 1,648 shares issued and outstanding at

respective dates

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 150,000 shares authorized; 56,483 and 56,135 shares issued and

outstanding at respective dates

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit

Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

April 30,

2020

2019

36,262    $
8,606   
3,300   
10,883   
712   
59,763   
27,105   
20,100   
350   
302   
107,620    $

5,926    $
3,019   
4,379   
29,120   
1,228   
808   
44,480   
21,244   
–   
–   
65,724   

32,351 
7,374 
4,327 
6,557 
709 
51,318 
25,625 
– 
1,150 
302 
78,395 

4,352 
3,540 
– 
14,651 
– 
619 
23,162 
– 
2,072 
93 
25,327 

2   

56   
612,909   
(571,071)  
41,896   
107,620    $

2 

56 
613,615 
(560,605)
53,068 
78,395 

$

$

$

$

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands, except per share information)

Revenues
Cost of revenues

Gross profit (loss)

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative
Loss on lease termination
Restructuring charges

Total operating expenses

Operating loss
Interest and other income, net
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax benefit

Loss from continuing operations, net of tax
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
Net loss

Comprehensive loss

Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share attributable to common

stockholders:
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders

2020

Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

59,702   
55,770   
3,932   

14,517   
355   
–   
14,872   

(10,940)  
474   
(10,466)  
–   
(10,466)  
–   
(10,466)  

(10,466)  

$

$

$

53,603    $
46,379   
7,224   

12,846   
–   
–   
12,846   

(5,622)  
282   
(5,340)   $
284   
(5,056)  
841   
(4,215)   $

53,621 
56,545 
(2,924)

16,456 
– 
1,258 
17,714 

(20,638)
75 
(20,563)
– 
(20,563)
(1,250)
(21,813)

(4,215)   $

(21,813)

(4,686)  

(4,686)  

(4,686)

(15,152)  

$

(8,901)   $

(26,499)

(0.27)  
–   
(0.27)  

$
$
$

(0.17)   $
0.01    $
(0.16)   $

(0.53)
(0.03)
(0.56)

$

$

$

$

$

$
$
$

Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding

56,326   

55,981   

47,063 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share information)

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

Additional
Paid-In

  Accumulated  

Total
Stockholders'

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Capital

Deficit

Equity

44,014 

  $

44 

  $

590,971 

  $

(537,435)   $

Balances at April 30, 2017
Series E preferred stock dividends paid 
($2.625 per share)
Cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit
pursuant to adoption of ASU 2016-09
Common stock issued, net of issuance costs of $111
Common stock issued, net of issuance costs of $1,669  
Common stock issued under Employee Stock
Purchase Plan
Fractional shares issued pursuant to reverse stock split  
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Balances at April 30, 2018
Series E preferred stock dividends paid 
($2.625 per share)
Cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated deficit
pursuant to adoption of ASC 606
Common stock issued under Employee Stock
Purchase Plan
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Balances at April 30, 2019
Series E preferred stock dividends paid 
($2.625 per share)
Common stock issued under Employee Stock
Purchase Plan
Exercise of stock options
Vesting of restricted stock units
Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Balances at April 30, 2020

1,648 

  $

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
1,648 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
1,648 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
1,648 

  $

2 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
2 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
2 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
2 

– 

– 
1,051 
10,295 

88 
19 
222 
– 
– 
55,689 

– 

– 

75 
371 
– 
– 
56,135 

– 

48 
251 
49 
– 
– 
56,483 

  $

– 

– 
1 
10 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
55 

– 

– 

– 
1 
– 
– 
56 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
56 

(4,325)  

(119)  
4,192 
21,484 

317 
– 
752 
1,538 
– 
614,810 

(4,325)  

– 

258 
1,277 
1,595 
– 
613,615 

(4,325)  

– 

119 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

(21,813)  
(559,129)  

– 

2,739 

– 
– 
– 

(4,215)  
(560,605)  

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

187 
933 
– 
2,499 
– 
612,909 

  $

(10,466)  
(571,071)   $

  $

53,582 

(4,325)

– 
4,193 
21,494 

317 
– 
752 
1,538 
(21,813)
55,738 

(4,325)

2,739 

258 
1,278 
1,595 
(4,215)
53,068 

(4,325)

187 
933 
– 
2,499 
(10,466)
41,896 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating

2020

Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

(10,466)  

$

(4,215)   $

(21,813)

activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation
Loss on disposal of assets
Gain on sale of research and development assets

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Contract assets
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related costs
Contract liabilities
Other accrued expenses and other liabilities
Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchase of property and equipment
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
Proceeds from sale of research and development assets
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan
Proceeds from note payable
Dividends paid on preferred stock
Principal payments on finance lease

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Interest paid

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:

Decapitalization of right-of-use assets upon lease termination and/or modification  
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment
Property and equipment acquired under finance lease
Receivable related to the sale of research and development assets

$

$

$

$
$
$
$

3,091   
2,499   
13   
–   

(1,232)  
1,027   
(4,326)  
(3)  
802   
(521)  
14,469   
474   
–   
5,827   

(3,812)  
–   
–   
(3,812)  

–   
933   
187   
4,379   
(4,325)  
(78)  
1,096   

2,746   
1,595   
127   
(1,000)  

(3,620)  
(1,439)  
1,701   
(28)  
2,125   
976   
(5,371)  
(642)  
(4,550)  
(11,595)  

(1,502)  
46   
6,000   
4,544   

–   
1,278   
258   
–   
(4,325)  
(74)  
(2,863)  

3,111   
33,501   
36,612   

$

$

(9,914)   $
43,415   
33,501    $

2,562 
1,538 
1,692 
(8,000)

3,988 
– 
16,970 
153 
(1,271)
(2,491)
(17,582)
1,009 
(2,747)
(25,992)

(3,793)
– 
3,000 
(793)

25,687 
752 
317 
– 
(4,325)
(180)
22,251 

(4,534)
47,949 
43,415 

8   

$

11    $

4 

1,469   
772   
–   
–   

$
$
$
$

–    $
318    $
245    $
–    $

– 
180 
– 
5,000 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 – Description of Company and Basis of Presentation

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.

Effective  January  5,  2018,  we  changed  our  name  to  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  from  Peregrine  Pharmaceuticals,  Inc.  in  connection  with  our  transition  to  a
dedicated CDMO and the discontinuation of our research and development activities. For the fiscal 2019 and 2018 periods presented, the operating results
of  our  former  research  and  development  segment  have  been  excluded  from  continuing  operations  and  reported  as  income  (loss)  from  discontinued
operations,  net  of  tax,  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and  Comprehensive  Loss.  For  additional  information  on  the  discontinuation  of  our
research and development segment, refer to Note 11, Sale of Research and Development Assets. Except where specifically noted or the context otherwise
requires, references to “Avid,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” in this Annual Report refer to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation and Preparation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”)
and include the accounts of Avid Bioservices, Inc. and our subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions among the consolidated entities have
been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires
management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  amounts  reported  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  accompanying  notes.
Management’s  estimates  are  based  on  historical  information  available  as  of  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  on  various  other
assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accounting estimates and judgements are inherently uncertain and actual results
could differ materially from these estimates.

Segment Reporting

Our business operates in one operating segment. Accordingly, we reported our financial results for one reportable segment. All of our identifiable assets are
in the United States.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We  consider  all  short-term  investments  readily  convertible  to  cash,  without  notice  or  penalty,  with  an  initial  maturity  of  90  days  or  less  to  be  cash
equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Under the terms of three separate operating leases related to our facilities (Note 4), we pledged, as collateral, letters of credit. During the fiscal year ended
April 30, 2020, an aggregate amount of $0.8 million of restricted cash that was pledged as collateral under two such letters of credit was released back to
us. Accordingly, at April 30, 2020 and 2019, restricted cash of $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, was pledged as collateral under letters of credit.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the
total of the same amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Revenue Recognition

2020

As of April 30,
2019

$

$

36,262   
350   
36,612   

$

$

32,351    $
1,150   
33,501    $

2018

42,265 
1,150 
43,415 

On  May  1,  2018,  we  adopted  Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606),  and  its
subsequent  updates  (codified  as  “ASC  606”),  to  all  contracts  that  had  not  been  completed  as  of  May  1,  2018  using  the  modified  retrospective  method.
Accordingly, results for reporting periods after May 1, 2018 are presented in accordance with ASC 606, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted
and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to our adoption of ASC 606. The cumulative effect of adopting ASC
606  resulted  in  a  one-time  adjustment  of  $2.7  million  to  the  opening  balance  of  accumulated  deficit  as  of  May  1,  2018  which  is  reflected  in  the
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019.

Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we
expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, we perform the following five
steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate
the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.

Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.

Manufacturing revenue

Manufacturing  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  recognized  over  time,  utilizing  an  input  method  that
compares  the  cost  of  cumulative  work-in-process  to  date  to  the  most  current  estimates  for  the  entire  cost  of  the  performance  obligation.  Under  a
manufacturing  contract,  a  quantity  of  manufacturing  runs  is  ordered  and  the  product  is  manufactured  according  to  the  customer’s  specifications  and
typically only one performance obligation is included. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has stand-alone value
to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains control of its product
during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to
consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Process development revenue

Process  development  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  services  associated  with  the  custom  development  of  a  manufacturing  process  and
analytical methods for a customer’s product. Process development revenue is recognized over time, utilizing an input method that compares the cost of
cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract,
the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to
meet its specifications and typically only one performance obligation is included. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make
changes to its process or specifications upon request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element
of profit margin.

The  following  table  summarizes  our  manufacturing  and  process  development  revenue  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2020,  2019  and  2018  (in
thousands). Revenue for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 has not been adjusted in accordance with our modified retrospective adoption of ASC 606 and
continues to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to our adoption of ASC 606:

Manufacturing revenues
Process development revenues
  Total Revenues

2020

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

$

52,046   
7,656   
59,702   

$

$

43,432    $
10,171   
53,603    $

47,437 
6,184 
53,621 

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract
liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the
passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract
liabilities  represent  customer  deposits  and  deferred  revenue  billed  and/or  received  in  advance  of  our  fulfillment  of  performance  obligations.  Contract
liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.

During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we recognized revenue of $13.6 million and $14.3 million, respectively, for which the contract
liability was recorded in a prior period.

The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts reflect our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we are entitled
in  exchange  for  providing  goods  and  services  to  our  customers.  In  determining  the  transaction  price,  we  considered  the  different  sources  of  variable
consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction price
some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the
amount  of  cumulative  revenue  recognized  will  not  occur  when  the  uncertainty  associated  with  the  variable  consideration  is  subsequently  resolved.  The
actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.

Management may be required to exercise judgement in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgement is required in identifying performance obligations,
estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, and estimating the progress towards the
satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in
the period that such variances become known.

We apply the practical expedient available under ASC 606 that permits us not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts
with an original expected length of one year or less. As of April 30, 2020, we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts greater than
one year.

Prior to the adoption of ASC 606 on May 1, 2018, revenue was generally recognized when all of the following criteria were met: (i) persuasive evidence of
an  arrangement  exists,  (ii)  delivery  has  occurred  or  services  have  been  rendered,  (iii)  the  seller’s  price  to  the  buyer  is  fixed  or  determinable,  and  (iv)
collectability is reasonably assured.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Accounts Receivable

Accounts  receivable  generally  represent  amounts  billed  for  contract  manufacturing  and  process  development  services  provided  under  our  customer
contracts and are recorded at the invoiced amount net of an allowance for doubtful accounts, if necessary. We apply judgment in assessing the ultimate
realization of our receivables and we estimate an allowance for doubtful accounts based on various factors, such as the aging of our receivables, historical
experience, and the financial condition of our customers. Based on our analysis of our accounts receivable balances as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, we
determined no allowance for doubtful accounts was necessary.

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Customer Base

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a significant concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and
contract  assets.  We  maintain  our  cash  balances  primarily  with  one  major  commercial  bank  and  our  deposits  held  with  the  bank  exceed  the  amount  of
government insurance limits provided on our deposits. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial bank holding our cash
balances to the extent of the cash amounts recorded on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets exceed the amount of government insurance limits
provided on our deposits.

Our accounts receivable from amounts billed for contract manufacturing and process development services are derived from a small customer base. Most
contracts require up-front payments and installment payments during the service period. We perform periodic evaluations of the financial condition of our
customers and generally do not require collateral, but we can terminate any contract if a material default occurs. At April 30, 2020 and 2019, approximately
98% and 95%, respectively, of our accounts receivable were due from six customers. Our contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable when our
rights  to  consideration  become  unconditional.  At  April  30,  2020  and  2019,  approximately  96%  and  87%  of  our  contract  assets  were  attributable  to  six
customers and eight customers, respectively.

Our revenues are derived from a small customer base. Historically, these customers have not entered into long-term contracts because their need for drug
supply depends on a variety of factors, including a product’s stage of development, the timing of regulatory filings and approvals, the product needs of their
collaborators, if applicable, their financial resources and the market demand with respect to a commercial product.

The table below identifies each of our customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues during any of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020,
2019 and 2018:

Customer

Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.
Gilead Sciences, Inc.
Acumen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
IGM Biosciences, Inc.
Coherus BioSciences, Inc.
ADC Therapeutics America Inc.

______________

Geographc
Location
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.

2020
    28%
24
11
11
10
*

2019
   30%
–
*
*
13
21

2018
   55%
–
–
–
22
*

*         Represents a percentage less than 10% of our total revenues.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We attribute revenue to the individual countries where the customer is headquartered. Revenues derived from U.S. based customers were 99%, 95% and
99% for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Inventory

Inventory consists of raw materials inventory and is valued at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. We
periodically review raw materials inventory for potential impairment and adjust inventory to its net realizable value based on the estimate of future use and
reduce the carrying value of inventory as deemed necessary.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives of the related asset, which are generally as follows:

Description
Leasehold improvements
Laboratory and manufacturing equipment
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment
Computer equipment and software

Estimated Useful Life
Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
5 – 10 years
5 – 10 years
3 – 5 years

Construction-in-progress, which represents direct costs related to the construction of various equipment and leasehold improvements primarily associated
with  our  manufacturing  facilities,  is  not  depreciated  until  the  asset  is  completed  and  placed  into  service.  No  interest  was  incurred  or  capitalized  as
construction-in-progress as of April 30, 2020 and 2019. All of our property and equipment are located in the U.S. Property and equipment consist of the
following (in thousands):

Leasehold improvements
Laboratory and manufacturing equipment
Computer equipment and software
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment
Construction-in-progress

Total property and equipment, gross

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

Total property and equipment, net

April 30,

2020

2019

21,130    $
15,033   
5,334   
685   
2,564   
44,746   
(17,641)  
27,105    $

20,574 
12,858 
4,644 
528 
1,590 
40,194 
(14,569)
25,625 

$

$

Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $3.1 million, $2.7 million and $2.6 million, respectively.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Impairment

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets
are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Long-lived assets are reported at the
lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell if impairment indicators exist. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, there were no
indicators of impairment of the value of our long-lived assets and no cumulative impairment losses recognized as of April 30, 2020.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The  carrying  amounts  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  for  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  accounts  receivable,  accounts
payable, accrued liabilities and note payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at
the measurement date. The guidance prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into the following hierarchy:

·
·

·

Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as assets or liabilities whose values are based on quoted market prices
in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and significant to the overall fair value measurement of the assets or
liabilities; therefore requiring the company to develop its own valuation techniques and assumptions.

As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, we do not have any Level 2 or Level 3 financial assets or liabilities and our cash equivalents, which are primarily invested
in money market funds with one major commercial bank, are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices for identical securities (Level 1 inputs). In
addition, there were no transfers between any Levels of the fair value hierarchy during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019.

Restructuring Charges

Restructuring  charges  consist  of  one-time  termination  benefits,  including  severance  and  other  employee-related  costs  related  to  a  workforce  reduction
pursuant to a restructuring plan we implemented and completed during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 (Note 10). One-time termination benefits were
expensed  at  the  date  we  notified  the  employee,  unless  the  employee  was  required  to  provide  future  service,  in  which  case  the  benefits  were  expensed
ratably over the future service period.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Stock-Based Compensation

We  account  for  stock  options,  restricted  stock  units  and  other  stock-based  awards  granted  under  our  equity  compensation  plans  in  accordance  with  the
authoritative guidance for stock-based compensation. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured
at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis
over the requisite service periods. The fair value of restricted stock units is measured at the grant date based on the closing market price of our common
stock on the date of grant, and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the period of vesting. Forfeitures are recognized as a reduction of
stock-based  compensation  expense  as  they  occur.  As  of  April  30,  2020  and  2019,  there  were  no  outstanding  stock-based  awards  with  market  or
performance conditions.

Income Taxes

We utilize the liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740: Income Taxes (“ASC
740”).  Under  the  liability  method,  deferred  taxes  are  determined  based  on  the  differences  between  the  financial  reporting  and  tax  bases  of  assets  and
liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A
valuation  allowance  is  provided  for  the  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  that,  based  on  available  evidence,  are  not  expected  to  be  realized  (Note  7).  In
addition, we recognize the impact of an uncertain tax position only when it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained upon examination by
the  tax  authorities.  We  are  required  to  file  federal  and  state  income  tax  returns  in  various  jurisdictions.  The  preparation  of  these  returns  requires  us  to
interpret the applicable tax laws in effect in such jurisdictions, which could affect the amount paid by us.

The income tax benefit recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended April 30, 2019
resulted from the “Intraperiod Tax Allocation” rules under ASC 740, which requires the allocation of an entity’s total annual income tax provision among
continuing operations and, in our case, discontinued operations. Accordingly, a tax benefit was recorded in continuing operations with an offsetting tax
expense recorded in discontinued operations (Note 11).

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Comprehensive
loss is equal to our net loss for all periods presented.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In  February  2016,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  issued  ASU  No.  2016-02  and  its  related  amendments  which  introduced  Leases
(Topic 842) (“ASC 842”), a new comprehensive lease accounting model that superseded the lease guidance under Leases (Topic 840). The new accounting
standard requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities for all leases with lease terms of greater than 12 months. It also
changed the definition of a lease and expanded the disclosure requirements of lease arrangements. In July 2018, the FASB added a transition option for
implementation  that  allowed  companies  to  continue  to  use  the  legacy  guidance  in  ASC  840,  Leases,  including  its  disclosure  requirements,  in  the
comparative periods presented in the year of adoption.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On May 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842 using the modified retrospective approach. Accordingly, prior period financial information and disclosures have not
been  adjusted  and  continue  to  be  reported  in  accordance  with  our  historical  accounting  under  the  previous  lease  standard.  In  addition,  we  elected  the
package of practical expedients available for existing contracts, which allowed us to carry forward our historical assessments of lease identification, lease
classification, and initial direct costs. As a result of adopting ASC 842, we recognized right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $23.3 million and $25.5
million, respectively, on May 1, 2019, which are primarily related to our facility operating leases (Note 4). The difference between the right-of-use assets
and lease liabilities is primarily attributed to the elimination of deferred rent. There was no adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as a
result of the adoption of ASC 842.

We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Our operating leases with a term greater than one year are included in operating lease
right-of-use assets, operating lease liabilities and operating lease liabilities, less current portion in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at April 30, 2020. Right-
of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising
from  the  lease.  Operating  lease  right-of-use  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  at  the  lease  commencement  date,  based  on  the  present  value  of  lease
payments over the lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, we use our incremental borrowing rate which represents an estimated
rate of interest that we would have to pay to borrow equivalent funds on a collateralized basis at the lease commencement date.

Our operating leases may include options to extend the lease which are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise a
renewal option. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.

We elected the post-transition practical expedient to not separate lease components from non-lease components for all existing leases. We also elected a
policy to not apply the recognition requirements of ASC 842 for short-term leases.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  Financial  Instruments  –  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  of  Financial
Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The standard changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such
losses are recorded. As a smaller reporting company, ASU 2016-13 and its subsequent updates are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2022, which will be our fiscal year 2024 beginning May 1, 2023; however, early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact this standard
will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In  August  2018,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2018-13,  Fair  Value  Measurement  (Topic  820):  Disclosure  Framework—Changes  to  the  Disclosure
Requirements  for  Fair  Value  Measurement  (“ASU  2018-13”),  which  eliminates,  adds  and  modifies  certain  disclosure  requirements  of  fair  value
measurements.  Entities  will  no  longer  be  required  to  disclose  the  amount  of  and  reasons  for  transfers  between  Level  1  and  Level  2  of  the  fair  value
hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair
value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019, which will be
our  fiscal  year  2021  beginning  May  1,  2020.  We  do  not  expect  the  adoption  of  this  standard  to  have  a  material  impact  on  our  consolidated  financial
statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which
simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and improving consistent application in certain areas of Topic 740. ASU 2019-
12 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2020, which will be our fiscal year 2022 beginning
May  1,  2021.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  We  are  currently  evaluating  the  timing  and  impact  of  adopting  ASU  2019-12  on  our  consolidated  financial
statements and related disclosures.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 – Note Payable

On April 17, 2020, we entered into a promissory note (the “Note”) with City National Bank, the lender, evidencing an unsecured loan pursuant to the U.S.
Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 (the
“CARES  Act”)  of  approximately  $4.4  million  (the  “PPP  Loan”).  We  applied  for  and  received  the  PPP  Loan  pursuant  to  the  then  published  PPP
qualification and certification requirements.

On  April  23,  2020,  the  SBA,  in  consultation  with  the  Department  of  Treasury,  issued  new  guidance  that  created  uncertainty  regarding  the  qualification
requirements for a PPP Loan (the “New Guidance”). In light of the New Guidance, we determined it appropriate to pay off the entire amount of the PPP
Loan. Accordingly, on May 12, 2020, we paid off in full the principal and interest on the PPP Loan, resulting in the termination of the Note. The PPP Loan
was scheduled to mature on April 21, 2022 and had a fixed interest rate of 1.00% per annum.

Note 4 – Leases

Operating Leases

We  currently  lease  office,  manufacturing,  laboratory  and  warehouse  space  in  four  buildings  under  three  separate  non-cancellable  operating  lease
agreements. All of our leased facilities are located in close proximity in Tustin, California, have original lease terms ranging from 7 to 12 years, contain
two multi-year renewal options, and scheduled rent increases of 3% on either an annual or biennial basis. With respect to multi-year renewal options, a
multi-year renewal option was included in determining the right-of-use asset and lease liability for two of our leases, as we considered it reasonably certain
that we would exercise such renewal options. In addition, two of our leases provide for periods of free rent, lessor improvements and tenant improvement
allowances,  of  which  certain  of  these  improvements  have  been  classified  as  leasehold  improvements  and  are  being  amortized  over  the  shorter  of  the
estimated  useful  life  of  the  improvements  or  the  remaining  life  of  the  lease.  The  operating  lease  right-of-use  assets  and  liabilities  on  our  Consolidated
Balance Sheet for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 primarily relate to these facility leases.

In  September  2019,  we  terminated  an  operating  lease  for  one  of  our  non-manufacturing  facilities  that  was  primarily  utilized  for  warehouse  space.  In
connection with the termination of this lease, we removed the corresponding operating lease right-of-use asset and liability balances from our Consolidated
Balance  Sheet  and  recognized  a  loss  of  $0.4  million,  which  is  included  in  loss  on  lease  termination  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and
Comprehensive Loss for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020. Additionally, the lease termination released $0.3 million of restricted cash that was pledged
as collateral under a letter of credit required by the terminated lease.

Lease Costs

Certain of our facility leases require us to pay property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance. While these payments are not included as part of
our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease cost in the period they are incurred.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The components of lease cost for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

Operating lease cost
Variable lease cost
Short-term lease cost
Total lease cost

April 30, 2020

3,339 
603 
171 
4,113 

$

$

Operating lease expense under the prior lease standard was $2.9 million for each of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018. 

Supplemental Information

Supplemental consolidated balance sheet and other information related to our operating leases as of April 30, 2020 were as follows (in thousands, expect
weighted average data):

Assets
   Operating lease right-of-use assets

Liabilities
   Operating lease liabilities
   Operating lease liabilities, less current portion

Total operating lease liabilities

Weighted average remaining lease term
Weighted average discount rate

April 30, 2020

$

$

$

20,100 

1,228 
21,244 
22,472 
10.5 years 
8.0% 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 was $3.1 million and is included in net cash
used in operating activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Undiscounted Cash Flows

As  of  April  30,  2020,  the  maturities  of  our  operating  lease  liabilities,  which  includes  those  derived  from  lease  renewal  options  that  we  considered  it
reasonably certain that we would exercise, were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Thereafter
Total lease payments
Less: imputed interest
Total operating lease liabilities

Note 5 – Stockholders’ Equity

Total

    $

    $

2,972 
2,995 
3,010 
3,086 
3,171 
18,767 
34,001 
(11,529)
22,472 

Termination of Rights Agreement (Series D Preferred Stock)

On March 16, 2006, we entered into a Rights Agreement with Rights Agent named therein, which agreement was subsequently amended and restated on
March 16, 2016 (as amended, the “Rights Agreement”). The Rights Agreement was designed to strengthen the ability of our Board of Directors to protect
the interests of our stockholders against potential abusive or coercive takeover tactics and to enable all stockholders to receive the full and fair value of
their investment in the event that an unsolicited attempt is made to acquire us. Under the Rights Agreement, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of
one  preferred  share  purchase  right  (the  “Right”)  for  each  share  of  our  common  stock  held  by  our  stockholders  of  record  as  of  the  close  of  business  on
March 27, 2006, each of which Right entitled the holder thereof to purchase a fraction of a share of our Series D Participating Preferred Stock, par value
$0.001  per  share,  at  the  price  specified  in  the  Rights  Agreement.  The  Rights  were  only  exercisable  if  a  person  or  group  acquired  15%  or  more  of  our
outstanding common stock or announced a tender offer or exchange offer which, if consummated, would have resulted in ownership by a person or group
of 15% or more of our outstanding stock.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On September 23, 2019, the Rights Agreement was further amended to accelerate the scheduled expiration date of the Rights Agreement from the close of
business  on  March  16,  2021  to  the  close  of  business  on  September  23,  2019,  and  effectively  terminate  the  Rights  Agreement  and  the  Rights  granted
thereunder as of such expiration date. Our Board of Directors elected to terminate the Rights Agreement and the Rights granted thereunder based on their
recent evaluation of the effectiveness of, and the need for, a stockholder rights plan and consideration of current corporate governance practices and proxy
advisory  guidelines.  In  connection  with  the  termination  of  the  Rights  Agreement,  we  filed  a  Notification  of  Removal  from  Listing  and/or  Registration
under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act on Form 25 with the SEC on September 23, 2019, in order to withdraw the Rights from registration
under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which deregistration was effective 90 days after the filing date.

Series E Preferred Stock

On February 12, 2014, we filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Designations of Rights and Preferences (the “Certificate
of  Designations”)  to  designate  the  10.50%  Series  E  Convertible  Preferred  Stock  (the  “Series  E  Preferred  Stock”).  The  Certificate  of  Designations
designated 2,000,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock out of our 5,000,000 shares of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock. The Series E
Preferred Stock is classified as permanent equity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. As of April 30, 2020
and 2019, there were 1,647,760 shares of our Series E Preferred Stock issued and outstanding.

Each share of issued and outstanding Series E Preferred Stock is convertible at any time, at the option of the holder, into a number of shares of our common
stock  determined  by  dividing  the  liquidation  preference  of  $25.00  per  share  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  by  the  then-current  conversion  price  per  share,
currently  $21.00  per  share,  rounded  down  to  the  nearest  whole  number.  As  of  April  30,  2020,  if  all  of  our  issued  and  outstanding  shares  of  Series  E
Preferred  Stock  were  converted  at  the  conversion  price  of  $21.00  per  share,  the  holders  of  our  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  would  receive  an  aggregate  of
1,961,619 shares of our common stock. However, because the conversion price of our Series E Preferred Stock is subject to adjustment from time to time in
accordance with the applicable provisions of our certificate of incorporation, we have reserved the maximum number of shares of our common stock that
could be issued upon the conversion of our Series E Preferred Stock upon a change of control event, assuming our shares of common stock are acquired for
consideration of $5.985 per share or less. In this scenario, each outstanding share of our Series E Preferred Stock would be converted into 4.14 shares of
our common stock, or 6,826,435 shares in the aggregate.

The Series E Preferred Stock has no stated maturity date or mandatory redemption and is senior to all of our other securities. We may redeem the Series E
Preferred Stock for cash, in whole or in part, by paying the redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends to the redemption
date. Holders of the Series E Preferred Stock have no voting rights, except as defined in the Certificate of Designations.

Holders of our Series E Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate of 10.50% per annum based on the liquidation preference of
$25.00 per share, or $2.625 per annum per share, and are payable quarterly in cash, on or about the first day of each January, April, July, and October. For
each of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, we paid aggregate cash dividends of $4.3 million for issued and outstanding shares of our
Series E Preferred Stock.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Sale of Common Stock

During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we had no offerings of our common stock.

During  February  2018,  we  completed  an  underwriting  public  offering  pursuant  to  which  we  sold  10,294,445  shares  of  our  common  stock  at  the  public
offering price of $2.25 per share. The aggregate gross proceeds we received from the public offering was $23.2 million, before deducting underwriting
discounts and commissions and other offering related expenses of $1.7 million.

During  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2018,  we  sold  an  aggregate  of  1,051,259  shares  of  our  common  stock  pursuant  to  an  At  Market  Issuance  Sales
Agreement (“AMI Sales Agreement”) for aggregate gross proceeds of $4.3 million. We paid a commission equal to 2.5% of the gross proceeds from the
sale of our common stock pursuant to the AMI Sales Agreement, or $0.1 million. As of April 30, 2018, we had raised the full amount of gross proceeds
available to us under the AMI Sales Agreement.

Warrants

As of April 30, 2020 and 2019, we had no warrants issued and outstanding.

Shares of Common Stock Authorized and Reserved for Future Issuance

As of April 30, 2020, 56,483,065 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding. Our common stock outstanding as of April 30, 2020 excluded
the following shares of common stock reserved for future issuance (in thousands):

Stock Incentive Plans
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Conversion of our outstanding Series E Preferred Stock
Total common stock reserved for future issuance

Note 6 – Benefit Plans

Stock Incentive Plans

Shares

6,941 
1,149 
6,826 
14,916 

The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) is a stockholder-approved plan, which provides, among other things, the ability
for us to grant stock options, restricted stock units and other forms of stock-based awards. The 2018 Plan replaced our 2009, 2010 and 2011 Stock Incentive
Plans (the “Prior Plans”). However, any awards outstanding under the Prior Plans as of the 2018 Plan’s effective date will remain subject to and be paid
under the applicable Prior Plan, and any shares subject to outstanding awards under the Prior Plans that subsequently expire, terminate, or are surrendered
or forfeited for any reason without issuance of shares will automatically become available for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In  addition,  we  currently  maintain  three  expired  stock  incentive  plans  referred  to  as  the  2005,  2003  and  2002  Stock  Incentive  Plans  (collectively,  the
“Expired Plans”). No future grants of stock-based awards can be issued from the Expired Plans, however, all outstanding awards granted under the Expired
Plans will remain subject to the terms of the Expired Plans until they are exercised, canceled or expired.

The  2018  Plan,  the  Prior  Plans,  and  the  Expired  Plans  are  collectively  referred  to  as  the  “Stock  Plans”.  As  of  April  30,  2020,  we  had  an  aggregate  of
6,941,049 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the Stock Plans, of which 3,203,034 shares were subject to outstanding stock options
and restricted stock units and 3,738,015 shares were available for future grants of stock-based awards.

Stock Options

Stock options granted under our Stock Plans are granted at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Stock option grants to employees generally vest 25% on each of the first, second, third and fourth anniversaries of the date of grant, and stock option grants
to non-employee directors generally vest over a period of one to three years from the date of grant. Stock options generally have a contractual term of seven
years; however, the maximum contractual term of any stock option granted under the Stock Plans is ten years.

The estimated fair value of stock options are measured at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model,
and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting
period. The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is
based on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual
historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on
U.S.  Treasury  notes  with  terms  within  the  contractual  life  of  the  option  at  the  time  of  grant.  The  expected  dividend  yield  assumption  is  based  on  our
expectation of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying
such cash dividends.

The fair value of stock options on the date of grant and the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the stock options using the
Black-Scholes option valuation model for fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, were as follows:

Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield

2020
1.86%
5.06
77.45%
–

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019
2.81%
5.57
76.56%
–

2018
2.21%
6.19

110.43%  

–

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following summarizes our stock option transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020:

Outstanding at May 1, 2019
Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired
Outstanding at April 30, 2020
Vested and expected to vest
Exercisable at April 30, 2020

______________

Grant Date
Weighted
Average Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (1)
(in thousands)

Stock Options
(in thousands)

3,274   
887   
(251)  
(1,014)  
2,896   
2,896   
1,530   

$
$
$
$
$
$
$

7.51   
5.91   
3.73   
10.79   
6.20   
6.20   
6.77   

5.76    $
5.76    $
4.89    $

2,457 
2,457 
1,566 

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of an option and the closing market price of our common stock on

April 30, 2020, which was $6.10 per share.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $3.74, $3.30 and $3.50 per
share, respectively.

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $0.7 million, $0.5 million and
$0.2 million, respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised during fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 totaled $0.9 million, $1.3
million and $0.8 million, respectively.

We  issue  shares  of  common  stock  that  are  reserved  for  issuance  under  the  Stock  Plans  upon  the  exercise  of  stock  options,  and  we  do  not  expect  to
repurchase shares of common stock from any source to satisfy our obligations under our compensation plans.

As of April 30, 2020, the total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options was $4.1 million. This cost is expected to be
recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 2.66 years based on current assumptions.

Restricted Stock

A restricted stock unit (“RSU”) represents the right to receive one share of our common stock upon the vesting of each unit. RSUs generally vest over four
years at the rate of one-fourth of the shares granted on each anniversary of the date of grant. The estimated fair value of RSUs is based on the closing
market value of our common stock on the date of grant, and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period of
vesting.

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following summarizes our RSUs transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020:

Outstanding at May 1, 2019
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Outstanding at April 30, 2020

Shares
(in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

200    $
194   
(49)  
(38)  
307    $

4.32 
5.91 
4.30 
5.07 
5.23 

The  weighted-average  grant  date  fair  value  of  RSUs  granted  during  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2020  and  2019  was  $5.91  and  $4.28  per  share,
respectively. No RSUs were granted during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018.

The total fair value of RSUs vested during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 was $0.3 million. No RSUs vested during the fiscal years ended April 30,
2019 and 2018.

As  of  April  30,  2020,  the  total  estimated  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  non-vested  RSUs  was  $1.3  million.  This  cost  is  expected  to  be
recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 2.82 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) is a stockholder-approved plan under which employees can purchase shares
of our common stock, based on a percentage of their compensation, subject to certain limits. The purchase price per share is equal to the lower of 85% of
the fair market value of our common stock on the first trading day of the offering period or on the last trading day of the six-month offering period. On
October 9, 2019, our stockholders approved an amendment to the ESPP to extend its term for an additional five years to October 21, 2025 and to change
the commencement dates of the six-month offering periods from May 1 and November 1 of each year to January 1 and July 1 of each year.

During  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2020,  2019  and  2018,  a  total  of  47,526,  75,148  and  88,327  shares  of  our  common  stock  were  purchased,
respectively,  under  the  ESPP  at  a  weighted  average  purchase  price  per  share  of  $3.94,  $3.44  and  $3.59,  respectively.  As  of  April  30,  2020,  we  had
1,148,735 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP.

The fair value of the shares purchased under the ESPP was determined using a Black-Scholes option valuation model (see explanation of valuation model
inputs above under “Stock Options”), and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (or six-month offering period).

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The weighted average grant date fair value of purchase rights under the ESPP during fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $1.81, $1.49
and $1.65, respectively, based on the following weighted-average Black-Scholes option valuation model inputs:

Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield

401(k) Plan

2020
2.08%
0.50
56.71%
–

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019
2.26%
0.50
71.10%
–

2018
1.10%
0.50
75.18%
–

We  maintain  a  401(k)  Plan  pursuant  to  section  401(k)  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  that  allows  participating  employees  to  defer  a  portion  of  their
compensation on a tax deferred basis up to the maximum amount permitted by the Internal Revenue Code. We match 50% of employee contributions of up
to 6% of their annual eligible compensation. The expense related to our matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan was $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.6
million for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Stock-based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was comprised of the following (in thousands):

Cost of revenues
Selling, general and administrative expense
Discontinued operations 
   Total

2020

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2019

2018

$

$

922   
1,577   
–   
2,499   

$

$

474    $

1,121   
–   
1,595    $

378 
820 
340 
1,538 

Due to our net loss position, no tax benefits have been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Note 7 – Income Taxes

We are primarily subject to U.S. federal and California state jurisdictions. All tax years with tax attributes carrying forward remain open to examination by
U.S. federal and state authorities.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In accordance with ASC 740, we are required to recognize the impact of an uncertain tax position in the consolidated financial statements when it is more
likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. An uncertain tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a
50% likelihood of being sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. We had no unrecognized tax benefits from uncertain tax positions as of April
30,  2020  and  2019.  It  is  also  our  policy,  in  accordance  with  authoritative  guidance,  to  recognize  interest  and  penalties  related  to  income  tax  matters  in
interest and other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. We did not recognize interest or penalties related to
income taxes for fiscal years ended April 30, 2020, 2019, and 2018, and we did not accrue for interest or penalties as of April 30, 2020 and 2019.

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  estimated  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial
reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are
expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled.  A  valuation  allowance  is  provided  for  the  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  that,  based  on  available  evidence,  are  not
expected to be realized. As a result of our cumulative losses, management has concluded that a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets
is appropriate.

At April 30, 2020, we had net deferred tax assets of $118.1 million. Due to uncertainties surrounding our ability to generate future taxable income to realize
these tax assets, a full valuation has been established to offset our net deferred tax assets. Additionally, the future utilization of our net operating loss carry
forwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to an annual limitation, pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Section 382, as a result of ownership
changes that may have occurred previously or that could occur in the future. A Section 382 analysis was completed as of the fiscal year ended April 30,
2019  and  we  subsequently  reviewed  ownership  activity  through  April  30,  2020,  which  it  was  determined  that  no  significant  change  in  ownership  had
occurred. However, ownership changes occurring subsequent to April 30, 2020 may impact the utilization of net operating loss carry forwards and other tax
attributes.

At April 30, 2020, we had federal net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $427 million. The federal net operating loss carry forwards generated
prior to January 1, 2018 expire in fiscal years 2021 through 2038. The federal net operating loss generated after January 1, 2018 of $19.8 million can be
carried forward indefinitely. Net operating losses generated after 2017 through 2020 may offset future taxable income without limitation. Utilization of net
operating losses generated subsequent to 2020 are limited to 80% of future taxable income. We also have California state net operating loss carry forwards
of approximately $277 million at April 30, 2020, which begin to expire in fiscal year 2029.

The  provision  for  income  taxes  on  our  loss  from  continuing  operations  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2020,  2019  and  2018  is  comprised  of  the
following (in thousands):

Federal income taxes at statutory rate
State income taxes
Expiration of deferred tax assets
Change in valuation allowance
Stock-based compensation
Other, net
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Income tax benefit

2020

2019

2018

(2,197)  
–   
2,588   
(1,664)  
1,138   
135   
–   
–   

$

$

(1,120)   $
(48)  
2,507   
(2,480)  
1,309   
(452)  
–   
(284)   $

(6,112)
155 
1,840 
(57,599)
1,584 
6 
60,126 
– 

$

$

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes
and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at April 30, 2020 and 2019 are as
follows:

Net operating losses
Stock-based compensation
Deferred revenue
Deferred rent
Lease liabilities
Other
Total deferred tax assets
Less valuation allowance
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Deferred tax liabilities:

Fixed assets
Right-of-use assets

Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets

2020

2019

114,105    $
2,573   
810   
–   
6,324   
1,197   
125,009   
(118,137)  
6,872   

(1,216)  
(5,656)  
(6,872)  

–    $

113,612 
3,416 
1,610 
555 
– 
1,256 
120,449 
(119,516)
933 

(933)
– 
(933)
– 

$

$

On  March  27,  2020,  the  CARES  Act  was  signed  into  law.  The  CARES  Act  provides  numerous  tax  provisions  and  other  stimulus  measures,  including
temporary  changes  regarding  the  prior  and  future  utilization  of  net  operating  losses,  temporary  changes  to  the  prior  and  future  limitations  on  interest
deductions,  temporary  suspension  of  certain  payment  requirements  for  the  employer  portion  of  Social  Security  taxes,  the  creation  of  certain  refundable
employee retention credits, and technical corrections from prior tax legislation for tax depreciation of certain qualified improvement property. Due to our
loss  position,  many  of  the  provisions  of  the  CARES  Act  do  not  impact  us  and  the  CARES  Act  does  not  have  a  significant  impact  on  our  income  tax
provision for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

Note 8 – Net Loss per Common Share

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing our net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of
common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing our net loss attributable to common stockholders
by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, plus the potential dilutive effects of stock options,
unvested RSUs, shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP, warrants, and Series E Preferred Stock outstanding during the period.

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Net  loss  attributable  to  common  stockholders  represents  our  net  loss  plus  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  accumulated  dividends.  Series  E  Preferred  Stock
accumulated dividends include dividends declared for the period (regardless of whether or not the dividends have been paid) and dividends accumulated for
the period (regardless of whether or not the dividends have been declared).

The potential dilutive effect of stock options, unvested RSUs, shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP, and warrants outstanding
during the period are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, but are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. The potential dilutive effect of
our Series E Preferred Stock outstanding during the period is calculated using the if-converted method assuming the conversion of Series E Preferred Stock
as of the earliest period reported or at the date of issuance, if later, but are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. Since the impact of potentially dilutive
securities are anti-dilutive during periods of net loss, there was no difference between basic and diluted loss per common share amounts for the fiscal years
ended April 30, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

The calculation of weighted average diluted shares outstanding excludes the dilutive effect of the following weighted average securities, as their effect is
anti-dilutive during periods of net loss (in thousands):

Stock options
RSUs
ESPP

Total

2020

2019

2018

145   
76   
7   
228   

139   
34   
11   
184   

54 
– 
2 
56 

The  calculation  of  weighted  average  diluted  shares  outstanding  also  excludes  the  following  weighted  average  securities,  as  their  exercise  prices  or
conversion  price  were  greater  than  the  average  market  price  of  our  common  stock  during  the  respective  periods,  resulting  in  an  anti-dilutive  effect  (in
thousands):

Stock options
RSUs
Warrants
Series E Preferred Stock

Total

Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies

2020

2019

2018

2,650   
7   
–   
1,979   
4,636   

2,712   
34   
13   
1,979   
4,738   

3,637 
– 
39 
1,979 
5,655 

In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both
probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.  Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly
and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and
events  pertaining  to  a  particular  case.   We  currently  are  not  a  party  to  any  legal  proceedings,  the  adverse  outcome  of  which,  in  management’s  opinion,
individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In  March  2020,  the  World  Health  Organization  declared  the  global  novel  coronavirus  disease  (“COVID-19”)  outbreak  a  pandemic  and  recommended
containment and mitigation measures worldwide. We are monitoring this closely, and although the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a significant impact on
our operations to date, the ultimate duration and severity of the outbreak and its impact on the economic environment and our business is highly uncertain.
Accordingly, we cannot provide any assurance that the COVID-19 pandemic will not have a material adverse impact on our operations or future results.
The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our future business, strategic initiatives, results of operations and financial condition will depend on
future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to the duration, spread, severity and resurgence of the
COVID-19 pandemic, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers, vendors, and employees and the remedial actions and stimulus measures
adopted by local and federal governments, and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume.

Note 10 – Restructuring Charges

In August 2017, we implemented a restructuring plan intended to reduce operating costs and improve cost efficiencies, while we pursued strategic options
for our research and development assets and focused our efforts on growing our CDMO business. Under this restructuring plan, which we completed in
October 2017, we reduced our overall workforce by 57 employees. As a result, during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2017, we incurred an aggregate
of $1.6 million in restructuring costs consisting of termination benefits, including severance, and other employee-related costs, of which $0.3 million is
from  discontinued  operations  and  $1.3  million  is  from  continuing  operations.  The  restructuring  costs  from  discontinued  operations  are  included  in  loss
from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018 (Note 11). The
restructuring costs from continuing operations are included in operating expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal
year ended April 30, 2018. All restructuring costs were paid in full during fiscal year 2018.

Note 11 – Sale of Research and Development Assets

In  February  2018,  we  entered  into  an  Asset  Assignment  and  Purchase  Agreement  (the  “February  2018  Purchase  Agreement”)  with  Oncologie,  Inc.
(“Oncologie”),  pursuant  to  which  we  sold  to  Oncologie  the  majority  of  our  research  and  development  assets,  which  included  the  assignment  of  certain
exclusive licenses related to our former phosphatidylserine (“PS”)-targeting program, as well as certain other licenses and assets useful and/or necessary for
the potential commercialization of bavituximab. 

Pursuant to the February 2018 Purchase Agreement, we received an aggregate of $8.0 million from Oncologie, of which $3.0 million was received in fiscal
year 2018 and $5.0 million was received in fiscal year 2019. We are also eligible to receive up to an additional $95.0 million in the event that Oncologie
achieves certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones with respect to bavituximab. In addition, we are eligible to receive royalties on
net  sales  that  are  upward  tiering  into  the  mid-teens  in  the  event  that  Oncologie  commercializes  and  sells  products  utilizing  bavituximab  or  the  other
transferred assets. As of April 30, 2020, no development, regulatory or commercialization milestones have been achieved by Oncologie under the February
2018  Purchase  Agreement.  Oncologie  is  responsible  for  all  future  research,  development  and  commercialization  of  bavituximab,  including  all  related
intellectual property costs and all other future liabilities and obligations arising out of the ownership of the transferred assets.

In September 2018, we entered into a separate Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement (the “September 2018 Purchase Agreement”) with Oncologie,
pursuant  to  which  we  sold  to  Oncologie  our  r84  technology,  which  included  the  assignment  of  certain  licenses,  patents  and  other  assets  useful  and/or
necessary for the potential commercialization of the r84 technology.

Pursuant to the September 2018 Purchase Agreement, we received $1.0 million from Oncologie, which amount was paid in fiscal year 2019. We are also
eligible to receive up to an additional $21.0 million in the event that Oncologie achieves certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones
with  respect  to  r84.  In  addition,  we  are  eligible  to  receive  royalties  on  net  sales  ranging  from  the  low  to  mid-single  digits  in  the  event  that  Oncologie
commercializes and sells products utilizing the r84 technology. As of April 30, 2020, no development, regulatory or commercialization milestones have
been  achieved  by  Oncologie  under  the  September  2018  Purchase  Agreement.  Oncologie  is  responsible  for  all  future  research,  development  and
commercialization of r84, including all related intellectual property costs and all other future liabilities and obligations arising out of the ownership of the
transferred assets.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Discontinued Operations

As a result of the sale of our PS-targeting and r84 technologies, the abandonment of our remaining research and development assets, and the strategic shift
in  our  corporate  direction  to  focus  solely  on  our  CDMO  business,  the  operating  results  from  our  former  research  and  development  segment  have  been
excluded  from  continuing  operations  and  presented  as  discontinued  operations  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  all  periods
presented. During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, we recorded a gain of $1.0 million and $8.0 million, respectively, upon the completion of
the  September  2018  Purchase  Agreement  and  the  February  2018  Purchase  Agreement,  which  amounts  are  included  in  income  (loss)  from  discontinued
operations, net of tax, in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2019 and
2018,  respectively.  The  results  of  operations  from  discontinued  operations  presented  below  include  certain  allocations  that  management  believes  fairly
reflect  the  utilization  of  services  provided  to  the  former  research  and  development  segment.  The  allocations  do  not  include  amounts  related  to  general
corporate administrative expenses or interest expense. Therefore, these results of operations do not necessarily reflect what the results of operations would
have been had the former research and development segment operated as a stand-alone segment.

There were no operating results from discontinued operations for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

The following table summarizes the results of discontinued operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

License revenue
Operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Restructuring charges
Total operating expenses

Other income
Gain on sale of research and development assets before income taxes
Income tax expense
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

57

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2018
2019

–    $

–   
–   
–   
–   

125   
1,000   
284   
841    $

25 

6,782 
2,163 
330 
9,275 

– 
8,000 
– 
(1,250)

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 12 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

The following is a summary of our unaudited quarterly results for each of the two most recent fiscal years (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Revenues (a)
Gross profit (loss)
Loss from continuing operations, net of tax(b)
Net loss
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
Basic and diluted net loss per common share attributable to

common stockholders (c)

Revenues
Gross profit
(Loss) income from continuing operations, net of tax
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (d)(e)
Net (loss) income
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share

attributable to common stockholders (c)
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Net loss per common share attributable to common

stockholders

________________

Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2020

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

$
$
$
$
$

$

$
$
$
$
$
$

$
$

$

15,254   
1,086   
(3,164)  
(3,164)  
(4,606)  

(0.08)  

First
Quarter

12,589   
1,192   
(1,961)  
–   
(1,961)  
(3,403)  

(0.06)  
–   

(0.06)  

$
$
$
$
$

$

$
$
$
$
$
$

$
$

$

18,313    $
3,360    $
(430)   $
(430)   $
(1,872)   $

13,585    $
785    $
(2,104)   $
(2,104)   $
(3,546)   $

12,550 
(1,299)
(4,768)
(4,768)
(6,210)

(0.03)   $

(0.06)   $

(0.11)

Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2019

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

10,178    $
334    $
(2,190)   $
739    $
(1,451)   $
(2,893)   $

13,781    $
2,050    $
(1,139)   $
–    $
(1,139)   $
(2,581)   $

(0.06)   $
0.01    $

(0.05)   $
–    $

(0.05)   $

(0.05)   $

17,055 
3,648 
234 
102 
336 
(1,106)

(0.02)
– 

(0.02)

(a) Revenues  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2020,  includes  a  $1.5  million  reduction  due  to  changes  in  estimates  for  variable

consideration as compared to the third quarter of fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

(b) Loss from continuing operations for the second quarter of fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 includes a loss on lease termination of $0.4 million

(Note 4)

(c) Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders calculations for each of the quarters are based on the
basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding for each period. As such, the sum of the quarters may not necessarily equal the
basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share amount for the fiscal year.

(d) For  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2019,  the  operating  results  of  our  former  research  and  development  segment  are  reported  as  income  from
discontinued operations, net of tax (Note 1). There were no operating results from discontinued operations for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the second quarter of fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 includes a gain on sale of research and
development assets before tax of $1.0 million (Note 11).

(e)

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 13 – Subsequent Events

Repayment of PPP Loan

On May 12, 2020, we paid off in full the principal and interest on the PPP Loan, resulting in the termination of the Note (Note 3).

Series E Preferred Stock Dividend

On June 3, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.65625 per share on our Series E Preferred Stock.  The dividend payment
is equivalent to an annualized 10.50% per share, based on the $25.00 per share stated liquidation preference, accruing from April 1, 2020 through June 30,
2020.  The cash dividend of $1.1 million is payable on July 1, 2020 to holders of the Series E Preferred Stock of record on June 15, 2020.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures” defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act refers to the controls and other procedures of a company
that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the required time periods. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that
any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives,
and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of
possible controls and procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our interim chief executive officer and
chief financial officer, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of
April  30,  2020.  Based  on  this  evaluation,  our  interim  president  and  chief  executive  officer  and  our  chief  financial  officer  concluded  that  our  disclosure
controls and procedures were effective as of April 30, 2020 to ensure the timely disclosure of required information in our SEC filings.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of
internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under
the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that,
in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  Company’s  assets;  (ii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that
transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and
directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting
may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In connection with the preparation of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken an assessment
of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Management’s assessment included an evaluation
of the design of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting.

Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2020.

Our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, as stated in their report included herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management has determined that, as of April 30, 2020, there were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Avid Bioservices, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control —
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our
opinion, Avid Bioservices, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2020,
based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated
balance sheets of the Company as of April 30, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’
equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020, and the related notes and our report dated June 30, 2020 expressed an
unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Report  on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our
responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Irvine, California
June 30, 2020

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

PART III

The information required by this Item regarding our directors, executive officers and committees of our board of directors is incorporated by reference to
the information set forth under the captions, “Election of Directors,” “Executive Compensation” and “Corporate Governance” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy
Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 (the “2020 Definitive Proxy Statement”).

Information required by this Item regarding Section 16(a) reporting compliance is incorporated by reference to the information set forth under the caption,
“Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement.

Information  required  by  this  Item  regarding  our  code  of  ethics  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  caption,  “Corporate
Governance” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  captions,  “Director  Compensation,”
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Executive Compensation” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end
of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS

Other than as set forth below, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth under the caption, “Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Directors and Management” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of
our fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table summarizes our compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance as of April 30, 2020:

(a)
Number of Securities
to be Issued Upon
the Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights

3,193,204   
9,830   
–   
3,203,034   

(b)
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights ($/share)   
6.17   
15.75   
–   
6.20 (3)   

(c)
Number of Shares
Remaining
Available for Future
Issuance Under
Equity
Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities Reflected
in Column (a))

3,738,015 
– 
1,148,735 
4,886,750 

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (1)
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders (2)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan approved by stockholders
Total

 ______________________

(1) Represents stock options and restricted stock units under our stockholder approved equity compensation plans referred to as the 2018 Omnibus
Incentive Plan, the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and
the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan.

(2) Represents stock options under our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”), which was not submitted for stockholder approval. The 2002
Plan, which expired in June 2012, was a broad-based non-qualified stock option plan for the issuance of up to 85,714 stock options. The 2002 Plan
provided for the granting of options to purchase shares of our common stock at prices not less than the fair market value of our common stock at
the date of grant and generally expired ten years after the date of grant. No additional grants of stock options can be granted under the 2002 Plan,
however, the terms of the 2002 Plan remain in effect with respect to the outstanding options granted under the 2002 Plan until they are exercised,
canceled or expired

(3) Represents the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options as there is no exercise price for restricted stock units.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  captions,  “Certain  Relationships  and  Related
Transactions,” “Director Independence” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement to be
filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  caption,  “Independent  Registered  Public
Accounting Firm Fees” in our 2020 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

(a)

(1)

Documents filed as part of this report on Form 10-K:

Consolidated Financial Statements

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for each of the three years in the period ended 
   April 30, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2020
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(2)

Financial Statement Schedules

Page
31
32

33
34
35
36

All schedules are omitted as the required information is inapplicable, or the information is presented in the consolidated financial statements or related
notes.

(3)

Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Filed
Herewith

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.1
4.2*
4.3*
4.4*

4.5*
4.6*
4.7*

4.8*
4.9*
4.10*
4.11*

4.12*
4.13*
4.14*
4.15*

4.16*
4.17
4.18*
4.19*

Description
  Certificate of Incorporation, as amended through October 4, 2018  

  Amended and Restated Bylaws
  Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws
  Form of Certificate for Common Stock
2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan

  Form of 2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement
2003 Stock Incentive Plan Non-qualified Stock Option
Agreement
2003 Stock Incentive Plan Incentive Stock Option Agreement
2010 Stock Incentive Plan

  Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2010 Stock

Incentive Plan
2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

  Amendment to the 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

2011 Stock Incentive Plan

  Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2011 Stock

Incentive Plan

  First Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
  Second Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
  Third Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
  Form of Amendment to Stock Option Award Agreement Under
2011 Stock Incentive Plan related to Non-Employee Director
stock option awards

  Fourth Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
  Form of Indenture
  Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
  Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2018 Omnibus

Incentive Plan

Incorporated by Reference

Form
10-Q
8-K
8-K
10-K
S-8
S-8
S-8

S-8

DEF-14A  

S-8

DEF-14A  
DEF-14A  
DEF-14A  

S-8

DEF-14A  
DEF-14A  

10-K
10-K

Date
Filed
12/10/2018
11/14/2014  
3/13/2018
1988
6/23/2006
6/23/2006
12/16/2004

12/16/2004
8/27/2010
12/9/2010

8/27/2010
8/26/2016
8/26/2011
12/12/2011

8/27/2012
8/26/2013
7/14/2015
7/14/2015

DEF-14A  

S-3

DEF-14A  

S-8

8/28/2015
1/12/2018
8/17/2018
12/10/2018

Exhibit
Number
3.1
3.2
3.2
4.1
4.17
4.18
10.95

10.96
A
4.17

B
B
A
4.20

A
A
4.24
4.27

B
4.4
A
4.2

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit
Number
4.20*

  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under 2018

Omnibus Incentive Plan

Description

4.21
10.1

  Description of Registrant’s Securities
  Lease and Agreement of Lease between TNCA, LLC, as

Landlord, and Avid Bioservices, Inc., as Tenant, dated as of
December 24, 1998

Incorporated by Reference

Date
Filed
12/10/2018

Exhibit
Number
4.3

Form
S-8

10-Q

3/12/1999

10.48

Filed
Herewith

X

10.2

  First Amendment to Lease and Agreement of Lease between

8-K

12/23/2005

99.1  99.2  

10.3*

10.4**

10.5*

10.6*
10.7

23.1
24

31.1

31.2

32

TNCA, LLC, as Landlord, and Avid Bioservices, Inc., as Tenant,
dated December 22, 2005

  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between
Avid Bioservices, Inc. and Mark R. Ziebell, effective December
27, 2012

  Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement by and between Avid
Bioservices, Inc. and Oncologie, Inc., dated February 12, 2018
  Employment Agreement by and between Avid Bioservices, Inc.

and Daniel R. Hart, effective June 26, 2019

10-Q

3/12/2013

10.38

10-K

10-K

7/16/2018

10.11

6/27/2019

  Amendment to 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
  Promissory Note, dated April 17, 2020, by and between Avid

DEF-14A  

8-K

8/21/2019
4/23/2020

Bioservices, Inc. and City National Bank

  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
  Power of Attorney (included on signature page of Annual

Report)

  Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-
14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended

  Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-
14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended

  Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b)/15d-14(b) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Instance Document
101.INS
101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL
101.DEF
101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

  XBRL Presentation Extension Linkbase Document

_______________________________

*
**

 This Exhibit is a management contract or a compensation plan or arrangement.
Portions omitted pursuant to a request of confidentiality filed separately with the SEC.

66

10.7

A
10.1

X
X

X

X

X

X
X
X
X
X
X

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date: June 30, 2020

AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.

By: 

/s/ /Richard B. Hancock
Richard B. Hancock
Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Richard B. Hancock, Interim
President and Chief Executive Officer, and Daniel R. Hart, Chief Financial Officer, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with
the full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report,
and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each
said  attorney-in-fact  and  agent  full  power  and  authority  to  do  and  perform  each  and  every  act  in  person,  hereby  ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  said
attorney-in-fact and agent, or either of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  Report  has  been  signed  below  by  the  following  persons  on  behalf  of  the
Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Name

Title

/s/ Richard B. Hancock
Richard B. Hancock

Interim President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

  Date

June 30, 2020

/s/ Daniel R. Hart
Daniel R. Hart

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

June 30, 2020

/s/ Joseph Carleone, Ph.D.
Joseph Carleone, Ph.D.

/s/ Mark R. Bamforth
Mark R. Bamforth

/s/ Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D.
Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D.

/s/ Gregory P. Sargen
Gregory P. Sargen

/s/ Patrick D. Walsh
Patrick D. Walsh

Chairman of the Board of Directors

June 30, 2020

Director

Director

Director

Director

67

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

June 30, 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT
TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

EXHIBIT 4.21

The following summary of the rights of our common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”), and preferred stock, $0.001 par value
per  share  (“Preferred  Stock”),  does  not  purport  to  be  complete.  This  summary  is  subject  to  and  qualified  by  the  provisions  of  our  certificate  of
incorporation,  as  amended  (“Certificate  of  Incorporation”),  and  our  amended  and  restated  bylaws,  as  amended  (“Bylaws”),  copies  of  which  are  filed  as
exhibits  to  our  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2020,  and  incorporated  herein  by  reference.  In  addition,  the  Delaware
General Corporation Law, as amended (“DGCL”) also affects the terms of our capital stock.

Authorized Capital Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 155,000,000 shares, of which:

·

·

150,000,000 shares have been designated as Common Stock; and

5,000,000 shares have been designated as Preferred Stock.

We are authorized to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock in one or more classes or series and, subject to the limitations
prescribed by our Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL, with such rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions of each class or series of preferred
stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any
class or series as our board of directors may determine, without any vote or action by our stockholders.

We  filed  a  Certificate  of  Designations  of  Rights  and  Preferences  (the  “Certificate  of  Designations”)  with  the  Secretary  of  State  of  the  State  of

Delaware in order to designate 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock as 10.50% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred Stock”).

As of April 30, 2020, there were 56,483,065 shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding, 1,647,760 shares of Series E Preferred Stock issued

and outstanding, and no other shares of Preferred Stock issued or outstanding.

All outstanding shares of our capital stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Holders of Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the

election of directors.

The DGCL could require holders of any of the shares of Common Stock or Series E Preferred Stock to vote separately, as a single class, in the

following circumstances:

·

·

if we amended our Certificate of Incorporation to increase or decrease the par value of the shares of a class of stock, then the holders of
the shares of that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment; and

if we amended our Certificate of Incorporation in a manner that altered or changed the powers, preferences, or special rights of the shares
of  a  class  of  stock  so  as  to  affect  them  adversely,  then  the  holders  of  the  shares  of  that  class  would  be  required  to  vote  separately  to
approve the proposed amendment.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends

Subject  to  preferences  that  may  be  granted  to  the  holders  of  Preferred  Stock,  each  holder  of  Common  Stock  is  entitled  to  share  ratably  in

distributions to stockholders and to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor.

Liquidation Rights

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of Common Stock will be entitled to receive, after payment of all of our

debts and liabilities and of all sums to which holders of any Preferred Stock may be entitled, the distribution of any of our remaining assets.

Conversion

Shares of Common Stock are not convertible into any other shares of our capital stock.

Series E Preferred Stock

Voting Rights

Holders of Series E Preferred Stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter on which the holders of Series E Preferred

Stock are entitled to vote.

So long as shares of Series E Preferred Stock with an aggregate Liquidation Amount (as defined below) of at least $10,000,000 are outstanding,
the  affirmative  vote  of  the  holders  of  at  least  two-thirds  of  the  shares  of  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  then  outstanding  shall  be  necessary  for  us  to  incur
additional Indebtedness (as defined in the Certificate of Designations) in an amount greater than the lesser of: (i) $10,000,000; or (ii) the product of 4.5,
multiplied by our TTM EBITDA (as defined in the Certificate of Designations) calculated as of the end of the month prior to the incurrence of any such
Indebtedness.

Except  as  set  forth  in  the  Certificate  of  Designations  (as  described  above),  or  otherwise  required  by  applicable  law,  the  holders  of  Series  E
Preferred Stock shall not have any relative, participating, optional or other special voting rights and powers, and the consent of the holders thereof shall not
be required for the taking of any corporate action.

Dividends

Holders of our Series E Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, when and as declared by our Board of Directors out of funds legally available for
the  payment  of  distributions,  cumulative  preferential  cash  dividends,  payable  in  cash,  at  a  rate  of  10.50%  per annum  on  the  stated  value  of  $25.00  per
share,  or  $2.625  per  share  per  annum  (in  each  case,  as  adjusted  for  any  stock  split,  stock  dividend,  recapitalization,  reclassification  or  any  similar
transaction). The dividend rate on the Series E Preferred Stock will increase to a penalty rate of 12.50% per annum in the event we: (i) fail to pay dividends
for any four consecutive or nonconsecutive quarterly dividend periods; or (ii) fail, for period of 180 consecutive days or more, to maintain the listing or
quotation,  as  applicable,  of  our  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  on  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange,  the  NYSE  MKT  LLC,  The  NASDAQ  Global  Market,  The
NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Capital Market, or any successor to such national securities exchange.

Dividends on our Series E Preferred Stock accrue and accumulate on each issued and outstanding share of our Series E Preferred Stock on a daily
basis from, and including, the original date of issuance of such share. Dividends on our Series E Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears on or about
the first day of each January, April, July, and October, as set forth in the Certificates of Designation.

Liquidation Rights

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, before any payment or distribution of our assets (whether capital or surplus) shall be
made to or set apart for the holders of shares of Common Stock or any other class or series of shares of our capital stock then issued and outstanding over
which the Series E Preferred Stock have preference or priority in the payment of dividends and in the distribution of assets upon our liquidation, dissolution
or  winding  up  (collectively,  “Junior  Stock”),  the  holders  of  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  shall  be  entitled  to  receive,  after  payment  of  all  of  our  debts  and
liabilities, an amount equal to $25.00 per share, plus an amount equal to all accumulated accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (whether or not earned or
declared) to the date of final distribution to such holders.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conversion

Each share of Series E Preferred Stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder thereof into shares of Common Stock at a conversion
price  of  $21.00  per  share  (as  adjusted  for  any  stock  split,  stock  dividend,  recapitalization,  reclassification  or  any  similar  transaction)  (the  “Series  E
Conversion Price”).

Each share of Series E Preferred Stock is subject to automatic conversion into shares of Common Stock at the Series E Conversion Price upon a
Change of Control (as such term is defined in the Certificate of Designations), on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in, the Certificate of
Designations.

Each share of Series E Preferred Stock is subject to conversion into shares of Common Stock at the Series E Conversion Price upon our election to
effect a Mandatory Conversion (as defined in the Certificate of Designations) following the occurrence of certain events described in, and on the terms and
subject to the conditions set forth in, the Certificate of Designations.

Redemption

The Series E Preferred Stock has no stated maturity date or mandatory redemption, and is senior to all of our other securities.

Undesignated Preferred Stock

Our board of directors is authorized to designate and authorize the issuance of, in addition to our Series E Preferred Stock, up to the remaining
3,000,000 shares of our authorized preferred stock in one or more series of preferred stock ranking junior to or on parity with our Series E Preferred Stock,
and,  in  connection  with  the  creation  of  such  series,  fix  by  the  resolution  or  resolutions  providing  for  the  issuance  of  shares  the  voting  powers  and
designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such series, including
dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting such series.

The particular terms of any additional series of preferred stock offered by may include:

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

the maximum number of shares in the series and the designation of the series;

the terms of which dividends, if any, will be paid;

the terms of which the shares may be redeemed, if at all;

the liquidation preference, if any;

the terms of any retirement or sinking fund for the purchase or redemption of the shares of the series;

the terms and conditions, if any, on which the shares of the series will be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class
or classes of securities;

the voting rights, if any, of the shares of the series; and

any or all other preferences and relative, participating, operational or other special rights or qualifications, limitations or restrictions of
the shares.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our  board  of  directors  may  authorize  the  issuance  of  series  of  preferred  stock  with  voting  or  conversion  rights  that  could  adversely  affect  the
voting power or other rights of the holders of Common Stock. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock, while providing flexibility in connection with
possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of
our company and might harm the market price of our Common Stock or Series E Preferred Stock.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. Subject to certain exceptions, Section 203 prohibits persons deemed “interested
stockholders” from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a “business combination” with a publicly held Delaware corporation for three years following
the date these persons become interested stockholders, unless:

·

·

·

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which
resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the stockholder owned at least 85% of the
voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, calculated in accordance with the provisions of Section 203 of
the DGCL; or

on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or
special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66⅔% of the outstanding voting stock which is not
owned by the interested stockholder.

Generally,  an  “interested  stockholder”  is  a  person  who,  together  with  affiliates  and  associates,  owns,  or  within  three  years  prior  to  the
determination  of  interested  stockholder  status  did  own,  15%  or  more  of  a  corporation’s  voting  stock.  Generally,  a  “business  combination”  includes  a
merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. The existence of this provision may have an
anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by our board of directors. We also anticipate that Section 203 of the DGCL may
also discourage attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of capital stock held by stockholders.

Filling of Vacancies on our Board of Directors

Our Bylaws provide that any vacancy or vacancies in our board of directors resulting from the death, resignation or removal of any director, or an

increase in the authorized number of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum.

Issuance of Authorized but Unissued Shares

Our authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock and preferred stock, including our Series E Preferred Stock, are available for future issuance
without stockholder approval. We may use additional shares for a variety of purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to fund
acquisitions  and  as  employee  compensation.  The  existence  of  authorized  but  unissued  shares  of  Common  Stock  and  preferred  stock  could  render  more
difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, the authority possessed by our board of directors to designate and authorize the issuance of shares of our undesignated preferred stock
could  potentially  be  used  to  discourage  attempts  by  third  parties  to  obtain  control  of  our  company  through  a  merger,  tender  offer,  proxy  contest,  or
otherwise by making such attempts more difficult or more costly. Our board of directors may issue our undesignated preferred stock with voting rights or
conversion rights that, if exercised, could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our Common Stock or Series E Preferred Stock.

Stockholder Meeting Requirements

Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may only be called at the request of a majority of our board of directors.

Elimination of Stockholder Action by Written Consent

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws expressly eliminate the right of our stockholders to act by written consent. Stockholder action must

take place at the annual or a special meeting of our stockholders.

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations

Our  Bylaws  provide  advance  notice  procedures  for  stockholders  seeking  to  bring  business  before  our  annual  meeting  of  stockholders,  or  to
nominate candidates for election as directors at any meeting of stockholders. Our Bylaws also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content
of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making
nominations for directors at our meetings of stockholders.

Listing

Our Common Stock and Series E Preferred Stock are each listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market and trade under the symbols “CDMO” and

“CDMOP,” respectively.

The transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock and Series E Preferred Stock is Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 23.1

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

(1) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-228735) pertaining to the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-208466, No. 333-192794, No. 333-185423, No. 333-178452) pertaining to the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan

of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-171067) pertaining to the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan and 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Avid

Bioservices, Inc.,

(4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-215053) pertaining to the 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-164026) pertaining to the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-130271) pertaining to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-121334) pertaining to the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(8) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-106385) pertaining to the 2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc., and

(9) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-222548) of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

of our reports dated June 30, 2020, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Avid Bioservices, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control
over financial reporting of Avid Bioservices, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the year ended April 30, 2020.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Irvine, California
June 30, 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 31.1

I, Richard B. Hancock, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the

financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to
ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the

effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the

registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably

likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control

over financial reporting.

Date:       June 30, 2020

/s/ Richard B. Hancock                            
Richard B. Hancock
Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Daniel R. Hart, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the

financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to
ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the

effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the

registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)

b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting.

Date:       June 30, 2020

/s/ Daniel R. Hart                              
Daniel R. Hart
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 32

I, Richard B. Hancock, certify, as of the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020: (i) fully complies with the requirements of
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (ii) that the information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents,
in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Date:       June 30, 2020

/s/ Richard B. Hancock                          
Richard B. Hancock
Interim President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

I, Daniel R. Hart, certify, as of the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020: (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section
13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (ii) that the information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents, in all
material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Date:       June 30, 2020

/s/ Daniel R. Hart                            
Daniel R. Hart
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and will be retained by Avid Bioservices, Inc.
and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.