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Avid Bioservices

cdmo · NASDAQ Healthcare
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FY2021 Annual Report · Avid Bioservices
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________________

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021

or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission file number: 001-32839

AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

95-3698422
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2642 Michelle Drive, Suite 200, Tustin, California
(Address of principal executive offices)

92780
(Zip Code)

(714) 508-6100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share

Trading Symbol(s)
CDMO

Name of each exchange on which registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes ☒   No o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Act. Yes o   No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of
Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post
such files).   Yes ☒   No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an
emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company”
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer o
Smaller reporting company ☒

Accelerated filer o
Emerging growth company o

Non-accelerated filer ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new
or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control
over  financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C.  7262(b))  by  the  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  prepared  or
issued its audit report. ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o  No ☒

The  aggregate  market  value  of  the  shares  of  common  stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  registrant  as  of  October  31,  2020,  the  last  business  day  of  the
registrant’s  most  recently  completed  second  fiscal  quarter,  was  approximately  $409.3  million,  calculated  based  on  the  closing  price  of  the  registrant’s
common stock as reported by The NASDAQ Capital Market.

As of June 18, 2021, the number of shares of registrant’s common stock outstanding was 61,097,671.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Part III of this report incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders, which
proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year to which this report relates.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.

Form 10-K
For the Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
Item 1.   Business
Item 1A.   Risk Factors
Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.   Properties
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings
Item 4.   Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II
Item 5.   Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters And Issuer Purchases Of Equity Securities
Item 6.   Selected Financial Data
Item 7.   Management’s Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations
Item 7A.   Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8.   Financial Statements And Supplementary Data
Item 9.   Changes In And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting And Financial Disclosures
Item 9A.   Controls And Procedures
Item 9B.   Other Information

PART III
Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers And Corporate Governance
Item 11.   Executive Compensation
Item 12.   Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management And Related Stockholder Matters
Item 13.   Certain Relationships And Related Transactions, And Director Independence
Item 14.   Principal Accounting Fees and Services

PART IV
Item 15.   Exhibits And Financial Statement Schedules
Item 16.   Form 10-K Summary
SIGNATURES

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Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”), unless the context otherwise indicates, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” and “Avid”
refer  to  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  and  its  consolidated  subsidiaries.  In  addition  to  historical  information,  this  Annual  Report  contains  “forward-looking
statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), that involve risks and uncertainties. The inclusion of forward-looking statements should not be regarded as
a representation by us or any other person that the objectives or plans will be achieved because our actual results may differ materially from any forward-
looking statement. The words “may,” “should,” “plans,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” their opposites and similar expressions are intended
to  identify  forward-looking  statements,  but  the  absence  of  these  words  does  not  necessarily  mean  that  a  statement  is  not  forward-looking.  We  caution
readers  that  such  statements  are  not  guarantees  of  future  performance  or  events  and  are  subject  to  a  number  of  factors  that  may  tend  to  influence  the
accuracy of the statements including, but not limited to, those risk factors outlined in the section titled, “Risk Factors,” as well as those discussed elsewhere
in  this  Annual  Report.  You  should  not  unduly  rely  on  these  forward-looking  statements,  which  speak  only  as  of  the  date  of  this  Annual  Report.  We
undertake no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events after the date of this Annual Report or to reflect
the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should, however, review the factors and risks we describe in the reports that we file from time to time with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) after the date of this Annual Report.

Avid  Bioservices®  is  a  registered  trademark  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  All  other  brand  names  or  trademarks  appearing  in  this  Annual  Report  are  the
property of their respective holders.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.

BUSINESS

Overview

PART I

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture. With 28 years of experience producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, our services include CGMP
clinical and commercial drug substance manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a
variety of process development services, including upstream and downstream development and optimization, analytical method development, testing and
characterization. All our services are available as either stand-alone or bundled for full development and manufacturing programs.

Business Strategy

We have a growth strategy that seeks to align with the growth of the biopharmaceutical drug substance contract services market. That strategy encompasses
the following objectives:

· Invest in additional manufacturing capacity and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand of our

customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing;

· Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy;
· Continue to expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings;
· Explore strategic opportunities both within our core business as well as in adjacent and/or synergistic service offerings in order to enhance and/or

broaden our capabilities; and

· Increase operating profit margin to best in class industry standards.

Our Competitive Strengths

We  believe  that  we  are  well  positioned  to  address  the  market  for  outsourced  development  and  manufacturing  of  biopharmaceuticals  derived  from
mammalian cell culture, due to the following factors:

· Expertise in Mammalian Cell Culture Manufacturing: We believe that continued consolidation in the CDMO industry has resulted in a limited number
of  qualified,  agile  and  independent  CDMOs  with  mammalian  cell  culture-based  biologics  development  and  manufacturing  capabilities.  The
mammalian cell culture production method is highly suitable for manufacturing complex molecules (examples include monoclonal antibodies, next-
generation  antibodies  and  recombinant  proteins),  and  we  believe  the  benefits  of  the  mammalian  cell  culture  production  method  have  played  a
significant  role  in  accelerating  the  proliferation  of  biologics  therapies.  We  believe  we  are  well  positioned  in  the  industry,  given  our  expertise  in
mammalian cell culture for biologics manufacturing.

· Broad  Spectrum  of  Services  to  Support  Customers  from  Early  Stage  Development  to  Commercial:  We  provide  fully  integrated  and  customized
biomanufacturing services that support our customers from the early preclinical stage to commercial launch and supply. We believe pharmaceutical
companies generally prefer to engage with CDMOs that are able to work with a product throughout its lifecycle and have long-standing track records
of  regulatory  compliance  and  quality  control.  Our  Process  Development,  CGMP  Drug  Substance  Biomanufacturing,  Project  Management,  Quality
Systems  and  Quality  Control  are  all  supported  by  modern  facilities  designed  to  meet  customer  needs  from  early  stage  development  to  commercial
supply. We differentiate our capabilities through several key criteria: (i) we employ a customer-centric approach and collaborate with our customers to
tailor  customized  development  and  manufacturing  services;  (ii)  our  agile  manufacturing  and  development  capabilities  allow  for  rapid  responses  to
shifting  production  requirements,  leading  to  strong  customer  satisfaction  and  retention;  and  (iii)  our  single-use  bioreactors  contribute  to  enhanced
manufacturing efficiency for our customers and reduces our capital spending needs.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
· Strong Regulatory Track Record:  Historically,  developing  the  expertise  to  comply  with  stringent  regulatory  audits  and  validation  requirements  has
been a challenge for both pharmaceutical companies and CDMOs, and has been seen as a significant barrier to entry for many CDMOs, as facilities
can take years to construct and properly validate. We believe pharmaceutical companies place a premium on working with CDMOs that can ensure a
high degree of regulatory compliance, which decreases execution risk. We have a strong regulatory track record, consisting of an 18-year inspection
history with no significant impact on our business. In addition, since 2005 we completed six successful pre-approval inspections. We also completed
six U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) inspections between 2013 and the most recently completed inspection in early calendar year 2021,
none  of  which  resulted  in  any  Form  483  observations  by  the  FDA.  Further,  we  routinely  successfully  comply  with  audits  by  large  pharmaceutical
companies.

· Modern and Optimized Infrastructure: With the development of our Myford North Facility, the recently initiated two-phase expansion of our Myford
Facility discussed below, and the commissioning of our new process development laboratory space in late calendar year 2019, we continue to position
our business to capitalize on increasing demand in the biologics manufacturing industry for modular cleanroom space, onsite process development
laboratory and single-use bioreactors. These developments have driven demand among pharmaceutical companies for facilities that can develop and
produce  pilot  scale  batches  (up  to  200  liters)  in  process  development  using  a  process  train  that  matches  the  single-use  bioreactors  in  CGMP
production. With single-use bioreactors ranging from 200 to 2,000 liters, our CGMP Myford Facility is designed to provide our customers with the
desired efficiency and flexibility.

· Significant  Manufacturing  Experience  with  a  Proven  Track  Record:  We  have  28  years  of  experience  producing  monoclonal  antibodies  and
recombinant  proteins,  over  16  years  of  CGMP  commercial  manufacturing  experience  and  over  13  years  of  experience  with  single-use  bioreactor
technology.  We  believe  this  experience,  combined  with  our  management  team’s  and  board  of  directors’  deep  experience  in  the  CDMO  industry,
positions us to take advantage of positive long-term industry trends.

Our Growth Strategy

We believe we have a significant opportunity to drive organic growth by leveraging our strengths, broadening our capabilities, increasing our capacity and
improving our market visibility.

· Diversify Customer Base: We have taken and continue to take steps to diversify and expand our customer base and have developed marketing and
sales strategies designed to drive new customer acquisitions, while also continuing to leverage our existing relationships to support new programs with
our existing customers.

· Expand  Process  Development  Capabilities:  We  expanded  our  process  development  capabilities  in  order  to  make  our  operations  more  attractive  to
emerging, mid-sized and large pharmaceutical companies. This expansion included increasing our total available process development and laboratory
space,  upgrading  the  infrastructure  and  equipment  within  our  existing  process  development  laboratories,  and  implementing  new  state-of-the-art
technologies  and  equipment  (including  benchtop  bioreactors  and  pilot  scale  manufacturing  up  to  200  liters)  designed  to  facilitate  efficient,  high-
throughput development of innovative upstream and downstream manufacturing processes that transfer directly into our CGMP manufacturing facility.
We will continue to explore the addition of capabilities and services that bring value to our clients, enhancing their processing design, speeding their
time to market and supporting these activities with state-of-the-art analytics.

· Expand Manufacturing Footprint and Enhance Efficiencies: During fiscal 2021, we initiated a two-phase expansion of our Myford Facility. The first
phase, which was initiated during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and is anticipated to be online during fiscal 2022, expands the production capacity
of  our  existing  Myford  North  facility  by  adding  a  second  downstream  processing  suite.  The  second  phase,  which  was  initiated  during  the  fourth
quarter of fiscal 2021 and anticipated to be online during calendar 2022, is designed to further expand our capacity through the build out of a second
manufacturing train, including both upstream and downstream processing suites within our Myford South facility. Upon completion, we estimate that
the first and second phases of this expansion will result in a total revenue generating capacity of up to $270 million annually depending on the mix of
projects.

· Increase  Operating  Margins:  We  believe  we  have  the  opportunity  to  drive  operating  margin  expansion  by  utilizing  our  available  capacity,  and
implementing continuous process efficiencies. We believe increased facility capacity utilization resulting from the growth strategies described herein
will improve operating margins.

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· Reinvest  in  Equipment  and  Facilities:  We  believe  that  re-investing  in  our  laboratory  and  manufacturing  equipment  and  facilities  is  strategically

important to meet future customer demand.

· Explore Strategic Opportunities: We are currently in the process of evaluating potential synergistic strategic opportunities, that we believe would add:

o Capabilities/services  to  our  existing  mammalian  cell  culture  development  and  manufacturing  offering  that  enhance  our  ability  to  provide  our

customers with more tailored and better solutions; and/or

o Adjacent  capabilities/services  to  service  other  segments  of  the  biologic’s  development  and  manufacturing  segment  of  the  market,  that  we  feel
would  value  our  experience,  in  particular  our  technical,  commercial  and  regulatory  experience  all  combined  with  a  high  touch,  flexible  and
customer-centric level of service.

Our Facilities

Our Myford Facility currently consists of 42,000 square feet of space designed to utilize single-use equipment up to the 2,000-liter manufacturing scale to
accommodate  a  fully  disposable  biomanufacturing  process  for  products  from  clinical  development  to  commercial  supply.  Our  Myford  Facility  includes
single-use bioreactors (200-liter to 2,000-liter), quality control labs for environmental and analytical testing, warehousing and material storage (including
two  walk-in  cold  rooms)  and  cell  bank  cryofreezers.  We  also  lease  an  additional  42,000  square  feet  of  space  within  the  building  housing  our  Myford
Facility in which our second phase of expansion, discussed below, is currently being constructed.

During fiscal 2021, we announced plans for a two-phased expansion of our Myford Facility. The first phase, which was initiated during the second quarter
of fiscal 2021 and is anticipated to be online during fiscal 2022, expands the production capacity of our existing Myford North facility by adding a second
downstream processing suite. The second phase, which was initiated during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021and anticipated to be online during calendar
2022,  is  designed  to  further  expand  our  capacity  through  the  build  out  of  a  second  manufacturing  train,  including  both  upstream  and  downstream
processing suites within our Myford South facility. We estimate that the total cost to complete these two phases of expansion will be approximately $60 to
$70 million. Upon completion, we estimate that the first and second phases of this expansion will result in a total revenue generating capacity of up to $270
million annually depending on the mix of products.

Our 12,000 square-foot Franklin Facility, which is located adjacent to our Myford Facility and our headquarters in Tustin, California, includes stainless
steel bioreactors (100-liter to 1,000-liter) and single-use bioreactors (200-liter to 1,000-liter), water-for-injection, an autoclave and depyrogenation oven,
material storage (including a walk-in cold room) and cell bank cryofreezers

Manufacturing and Raw Materials

We  manufacture  CGMP  pharmaceutical-grade  products  for  our  customers.  The  process  for  manufacturing  generally  uses  commercially  available  raw
materials from multiple suppliers, and in some instances, from a single source supplier. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business” for additional
discussion of raw materials supplied by third party vendors for the products we manufacture for our customers. We rely on third parties to supply most of
the  necessary  raw  materials  and  supplies  for  the  products  we  manufacture  on  behalf  of  our  customers  and  our  inability  to  obtain  such  raw  materials  or
supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Regulatory Matters

We have a strong and proven regulatory track record, including 18 years of inspection history with no significant impact to our business. To date, we have
been  successfully  audited  and  qualified  by  large  and  small  and  domestic  and  foreign  biotechnology  companies  interested  in  the  production  of  biologic
material for clinical and commercial use. Additionally, we have been successfully audited by several regulatory agencies, including the FDA, the European
Medicines Agency (“EMA”), the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (“ANVISA”), the Canadian Health Authority (“Health Canada”), the California
Department of Health and the Australian Department of Health.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, national and international regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the
countries  or  localities  where  we  manufacture  products  or  where  our  customers’  products  are  distributed.  In  particular,  we  are  subject  to  laws  and
regulations concerning research and development, testing, manufacturing processes, equipment and facilities, including compliance with CGMPs, labeling
and distribution, import and export, and product registration and listing. As a result, our facilities are subject to regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory
bodies  of  other  jurisdictions  where  our  customers  have  marketing  approval  for  their  products  including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  EMA,  ANVISA,  Health
Canada, and the Australian Department of Health. We are also required to comply with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, as discussed
in “Environmental and Safety Matters” below. These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing,
labeling,  packaging,  storage,  distribution,  import  and  export  and  record  keeping  related  to  customers’  products.  Noncompliance  with  any  applicable
regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve facilities for manufacturing products or products for commercialization.

Our customers’ products must undergo pre-clinical and clinical evaluations relating to product safety and efficacy before they are approved as commercial
therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their products may delay or put
on  hold  clinical  trials,  delay  approval  of  a  product  or  determine  that  the  product  is  not  approvable.  The  FDA  or  other  regulatory  agencies  can  delay
approval of a drug if our manufacturing facilities are not able to demonstrate compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections (i.e.,
compliance  with  filed  submissions)  or  properly  scale  up  to  produce  commercial  supplies.  The  FDA  and  comparable  government  authorities  having
jurisdiction  in  the  countries  in  which  our  customers  intend  to  market  their  products  have  the  authority  to  withdraw  product  approval  or  suspend
manufacture  if  there  are  significant  problems  with  raw  materials  or  supplies,  quality  control  and  assurance  or  the  product  is  deemed  adulterated  or
misbranded. If new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we
may  be  required  to  obtain  additional  approvals  or  operate  according  to  different  manufacturing  or  operating  standards  or  pay  additional  fees.  This  may
require a change in our manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities.

The costs associated with complying with the various applicable local, state, national and international regulations could be significant and the failure to
comply with such legal requirements could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to
Our Business” for additional discussion of the costs associated with complying with the various regulations. Failure to comply with existing and future
regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Environmental and Safety Matters

Certain products manufactured by us involve the use, storage and transportation of toxic and hazardous materials. Our operations are subject to extensive
laws and regulations relating to the storage, handling, emission, transportation and discharge of materials into the environment and the maintenance of safe
working conditions. We maintain environmental and industrial safety and health compliance programs and training at our facilities.

Prevailing legislation tends to hold companies primarily responsible for the proper disposal of their waste even after transfer to third party waste disposal
facilities.  Other  future  developments,  such  as  increasingly  strict  environmental,  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations,  and  enforcement  policies,  could
result in substantial costs and liabilities to us and could subject the handling, manufacture, use, reuse or disposal of substances or pollutants at our facilities
to more rigorous scrutiny than at present.

Intellectual Property

We do not currently own any patents and do not have any patent applications pending in the United States or any foreign countries. However, we have
acquired  and  developed  and  continue  to  acquire  and  develop  knowledge  and  expertise  (“know-how”)  and  trade  secrets  in  the  provision  of  process
development and manufacturing services. Our know-how and trade secrets may not be patentable, but they are valuable in that they enhance our ability to
provide high-quality services to our customers. We typically place restrictions in our agreements with third-parties, which contractually restrict their right
to use and disclose any of our proprietary technology with which they may be involved. In addition, we have internal non-disclosure safeguards, including
confidentiality agreements, with our employees.

We also own trademarks to protect the names of our services. Trademark protection continues in some countries as long as the trademark is used, and in
other countries, as long as the trademark is registered. Trademark registration is for fixed terms and can be renewed indefinitely.

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment Information

Our  business  is  organized  into  one  reportable  operating  segment,  our  contract  manufacturing  services  segment.  In  addition,  we  had  no  foreign-based
operations and no long-lived assets located in foreign countries as of and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Customers

Revenues have historically been derived from a small customer base. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, we derived approximately
76%,  63%  and  64%  of  our  revenues  from  our  top  three  customers,  respectively.  We  continue  to  be  dependent  on  a  limited  number  of  customers  for  a
substantial majority of our revenue. In addition, the duration of our fulfillment of customer contracts varies from a few months to more than 24 months, due
to the nature and size of each customer’s requirements. The loss of, or a significant reduction of business from, any of our primary customers could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Refer to Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional financial information regarding our customer concentration, including the name of significant
customers, and geographic location of customers.

Seasonality

Our business is not subject to seasonality. However, the timing of customer orders and the duration of our fulfillment of such customer orders can result in
variability in our quarterly revenues.

Backlog

Our backlog represents, as of a point in time, future revenue from work not yet completed under signed contracts. As of April 30, 2021, our backlog was
approximately  $118  million,  as  compared  to  approximately  $65  million  as  of  April  30,  2020.  While  we  anticipate  the  majority  of  our  backlog  will  be
recognized  during  fiscal  year  2022,  our  backlog  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  uncertainties,  including  but  not  limited  to;  the  risk  that  a  customer
timely cancels its commitments prior to our initiation of manufacturing services, in which case we may be required to refund some or all of the amounts
paid to us in advance under those canceled commitments; and the risk that a customer may experience delays in its program(s) or otherwise, which could
result in the postponement of anticipated manufacturing services; the risk that we may not successfully execute on all customer projects; and the risk of a
potential negative impact from the COVID-19 global pandemic, any of which could have a negative impact on our liquidity, reported backlog and future
revenue and profitability.

Competition

Our competition in the CDMO market includes a number of full-service contract manufacturers and large pharmaceutical companies offering third-party
manufacturing  services  to  fill  their  excess  capacity.  Also,  large  pharmaceutical  companies  have  been  seeking  to  divest  portions  of  their  manufacturing
capacity, and any such divested businesses may compete with us in the future. Some of our significantly larger and global competitors have substantially
greater financial, marketing, technical and other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge and may, among other things, create
downward pricing pressure, which would affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Discontinued Operations

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2018, we transitioned our business to a dedicated CDMO and ceased our research and development activities. As part of
our  transition,  we:  (i)  amended  our  Certificate  of  Incorporation  to  change  our  corporate  name  to  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.,  effective  January  5,  2018,  and
adopted  the  “CDMO”  as  our  ticker  symbol  on  The  NASDAQ  Capital  Market;  (ii)  sold  our  phosphatidylserine  (“PS”)-targeting  and  r84  technologies  in
fiscal 2018 and 2019, respectively, under two separate Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreements (as described in Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements) and abandoned our remaining research and development assets; and (iii) closed an underwritten public offering of our common stock
in February 2018 for aggregate net proceeds of $21.5 million. Accordingly, the operating results of our former research and development segment have
been excluded from continuing operations and reported separately as income from discontinued operations, net of tax, in the accompanying consolidated
financial statements for fiscal 2019 of this Annual Report. There were no operating results from discontinued operations for fiscal years 2021 or 2020.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Human Capital

As  of  April  30,  2021,  we  had  252  full-time  employees  and  5  part-time  employees.  All  of  our  employees  are  based  out  of  our  headquarters  in  Tustin,
California, with the exception of our commercial sales and marketing team and one supply chain employee. None of our employees are represented by
labor unions or are covered by a collective bargaining agreement with respect to their employment. We have not experienced any work stoppages, and we
consider our relationship with our employees to be good.

We  consider  talent  acquisition,  development,  engagement  and  retention  a  key  driver  to  our  business  success  and  are  committed  to  developing  a
comprehensive, cohesive and positive company culture focused on quality and a commitment to the safety and health of our employees, customers and the
general public. We accomplish these initiatives through the following:

Talent Acquisition and Retention

We  recognize  that  our  employees  largely  contribute  to  our  success.  To  this  end,  we  support  business  growth  by  seeking  to  attract  and  retain  top  talent.
While  the  Southern  California  employment  market  is  extremely  competitive,  particularly  for  employees  with  STEM  skills  (science,  technology,
engineering and mathematics) due to the large number of pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies in the region, our talent acquisition
team uses internal and external resources and tools to recruit highly skilled candidates. These include an ongoing and robust employee referral program, a
strong and visible reputation in the community and collaborative relationships with local universities and colleges for identifying talented graduates and
new graduates, as well as partnering with a regional biotechnology certification program.

Such resources and tools have been essential in our ability to attract and retain key personnel throughout all levels of our organization that we believe will
play an important role in our success and future growth. Our ability to attract and retain superior talent is measured by our below industry turnover rate and
increasing employee service tenure.

Total Rewards

We have implemented a total rewards program which we believe allows us to compete for top talent in the Southern California market. Our total rewards
philosophy has been to create investment in our workforce by offering competitive compensation and benefits package. We provide all full-time employees
with compensation packages that include base salary, annual discretionary incentive bonuses, and long-term equity awards. We also offer comprehensive
employee benefits, including life, disability, and health insurance (including medical, dental and vision), dependent care and flexible spending accounts,
paid time off, leaves (including medical, maternity and paternity leaves), Employee Stock Purchase Program, a 401(k) plan and educational assistance. It is
our expressed intent to be an employer of choice in our industry by providing market-competitive compensation and benefits package.

Health, Safety, and Wellness

The health, safety, and wellness of our employees is a priority in which we have always invested and will continue to do so. We provide our employees and
their  families  with  access  to  a  variety  of  innovative,  flexible,  and  convenient  health  and  wellness  programs.  Program  benefits  are  intended  to  provide
protection and security, so employees can have peace of mind concerning events that may require time away from work or that may impact their financial
well-being. These programs are highlighted in our quarterly human resources newsletters. In addition, we host an annual wellness day sponsored by our
health insurance provider, which includes biometric testing and educational games.

These  investments  and  the  prioritization  of  employee  health,  safety,  and  wellness  took  on  particular  significance  in  2020  in  light  of  the  COVID-19
pandemic. To protect and support our employees, we promptly implemented health and safety measures that included maximizing personal workspaces,
limiting in-person meetings, modifying shift schedules, providing personal protective equipment, and instituting mandatory temperature screening before
commencing work. We have also supported access to testing by holding voluntary on-site testing clinics for employees. In response to local stay-at-home
orders and in alignment with the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, implemented remote-work options for employees
who are not essential to our on-site manufacturing operations and restricted non-essential employee travel. We also implemented a diligent track and trace
program  to  identify  and  temporarily  quarantine,  with  continued  pay,  employees  with  actual  or  suspected  exposure  to  individuals  with  confirmed  or
suspected  cases  of  COVID-19.  We  are  monitoring  this  rapidly  evolving  situation  and  will  continue  to  seek  programs  to  educate  and  assist  employees
whenever possible.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion

We believe a diverse workforce is critical to our success and we are fundamentally committed to creating and maintaining a work environment in which
employees are treated fairly, with dignity, decency, respect and in accordance with all applicable laws. We strive to create a professional work environment
that is free from all forms of harassment, discrimination and bullying in the workplace, including sexual harassment and any form of retaliation. We are an
equal opportunity employer and we strive to administer all human resources actions and policies without regard to race, color, religion, sex, national origin,
ethnicity, age, disability, sexual orientation, gender identification or expression, past or present military or veteran status, marital status, familial status, or
any  other  status  protected  by  applicable  law.  Our  management  team  and  employees  are  expected  to  exhibit  and  promote  honest,  ethical,  and  respectful
conduct  in  the  workplace.  All  employees  must  adhere  to  a  code  of  business  conduct  and  ethics  and  our  employee  handbook,  which  combined,  define
standards  for  appropriate  behavior  and  are  annually  trained  to  help  prevent,  identify,  report,  and  stop  any  type  of  discrimination  and  harassment.  Our
recruitment, hiring, development, training, compensation, and advancement is based on qualifications, performance, skills, and experience without regard
to gender, race, or ethnicity.

Training and Development

We  believe  in  encouraging  employees  in  becoming  lifelong  learners  by  providing  ongoing  learning  and  leadership  training  opportunities.  As  part  of
onboarding of new employees, we provide comprehensive training regarding CGMP, environmental, health and safety practices, as well as job function
specific training. Many of these training programs are repeated annually and are supplemented by other periodic training programs to maintain and improve
employee  awareness  of  safety  and  other  issues.  Several  times  per  year  we  provide  supervisory  training  to  newly  promoted,  or  soon  to  be  promoted
employees, as well as sponsor more senior employees’ participation in external leadership programs. Additionally, we recently applied for training funds
through a State of California program supporting the biotechnology industry through the development of future biotech workers. If we are approved, this
program will provide us with additional funds to help supplement our training programs through June 2022.

While we strive to provide real-time recognition of employee performance, including through a web-based portal where employees can be nominated for
various levels of spot awards and accumulate points towards the purchase of gifts. We have a formal annual review process not only to determine pay and
equity adjustments tied to individual contributions, but to identify areas where training and development may be needed.

Company Culture

We  are  committed  to  instilling  a  company  culture  that  is  focused  integrity,  transparency,  quality  and  respect.  We  expect  our  employees  to  observe  the
highest levels of business ethics, integrity, mutual respect, tolerance and inclusivity. Our employee handbook and Code of Business Conduct and Ethics set
forth policies reflecting these values and provide direction for registering complaints in the event of any violation of our policies. We maintain an “open
door” policy at all levels of our organization and any form of retaliation against an employee is strictly prohibited.

Employee Engagement

We believe that in order to be successful, we must build and maintain a relationship with our employees that focuses on transparency and listening to their
needs,  criticisms  and  ideas. We  proactively  communicate  through  employee  communication  newsletters  and  hold  all-employee  meetings  on  a  quarterly
basis. Employee input regarding our organizational climate is solicited at least annually through surveys solicited from all employees. Most recently we
used an independent Best Places to Work (BPW) survey and, after assessing the results, followed it up with our own survey to drill down and obtain more
data on those areas which the BPW survey indicated we could improve in order to better understand the concerns of our employees. The data from the
follow-up survey was then used to develop and implement action items to address the identified key areas for improvement.

Company Information

We were originally incorporated in the State of California in June 1981 and reincorporated in the State of Delaware on September 25, 1996. Our principal
executive  offices  are  located  at  2642  Michelle  Drive,  Suite  200,  Tustin,  California,  92780  and  our  telephone  number  is  (714)  508-6100.  Our  principal
website address is www.avidbio.com. The information on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Annual Report.

Available Information

This  Annual  Report,  our  Quarterly  Reports  on  Form  10-Q,  our  Current  Reports  on  Form  8-K,  and  our  proxy  statements,  and  all  amendments  to  those
reports filed with or furnished to the SEC are available, free of charge, through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and our website at www.avidbio.com as
soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information on, or that can be accessed through,
our website is not part of this Annual Report.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below, together with all of the other information contained in this Annual report on
Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before making a decision to invest in our securities. The risks
and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently believe
are  not  material,  also  may  become  important  factors  that  affect  us  and  impair  our  business  operations.  The  occurrence  of  any  of  the  events  or
developments discussed in the risk factors below could have a material and adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows and, in such case, our future prospects would likely be materially and adversely affected.

Risks Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be adversely affected by global health events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) outbreak a global pandemic. COVID-19 has spread across
the globe and is affecting worldwide economic activity. Any public health epidemic, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may affect our operations and
those of third parties on which we rely, including our customers and suppliers. Our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be affected
by: disruptions in our customers’ abilities to fund, develop, or bring to market products as anticipated; delays in or disruptions to the conduct of clinical
trials by our customers; cancellations of contracts or confirmed orders from our customers; customers’ inability to maintain agreed upon payment terms;
and the inability, difficulty, or additional cost or delays in obtaining key raw materials, components, and other supplies from our existing supply chain as
distribution  of  such  items  is  being  prioritized  by  the  federal  government  (such  as  under  the  United  States  Defense  Production  Act)  to  those  companies
producing therapeutics or vaccines for COVID-19; among other factors caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our operations could be disrupted if some of
our employees become ill or are otherwise absent from work as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, governmental restrictions, including
travel restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, curfews, business closures, new safety requirements or regulations, or restrictions on the import or
export  of  certain  materials,  or  other  operational  issues  related  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic  may  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  business  and  results  of
operations. We continue to monitor our operations and governmental recommendations and have made modifications for an indefinite period to our normal
operations because of the COVID-19 pandemic, including requiring most non-production related employees to work remotely which may increase cyber
security risks or create data accessibility concerns.

To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a material impact on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. However, the extent to which
COVID-19  may  affect  our  future  results  will  depend  on  future  developments  that  are  highly  uncertain,  including  the  duration  of  the  pandemic,  new
information  that  may  emerge  concerning  the  severity  of  the  virus,  and  the  actions  governments,  the  pharmaceutical  industry,  competitors,  suppliers,
customers, patients, and others may take to contain or address its direct and indirect effects. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated mitigation measures
may  also  have  an  adverse  impact  on  healthcare  systems,  global  economic  conditions,  or  economic  conditions  in  one  or  more  regions  where  we  or  our
customers operate, which could have an adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

In addition, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could exacerbate other risks we face, including those described elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Risks Related to Our Business

A significant portion of our revenue comes from a limited number of customers.

Our revenue has historically been derived from a small number of customers. For example, for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, we
derived approximately 76%, 63% and 64% of our revenues from our top three customers, respectively. We continue to be dependent on a limited number of
customers  for  a  substantial  majority  of  our  revenue.  The  loss  of,  or  a  significant  reduction  of  business  from,  any  of  our  major  customers  could  have  a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We generally do not have long-term customer contracts and our backlog cannot be relied upon as a future indicator of sales.

We  generally  do  not  have  long-term  contracts  with  our  customers,  and  existing  contracts  and  purchase  commitments  may  be  canceled  under  certain
circumstances. As a result, we are exposed to market and competitive price pressures on every order, and our agreements with customers do not provide
assurance of future sales. Our customers are not required to make minimum purchases and, in certain circumstances, may cease using our services at any
time  without  penalty.  Our  backlog  should  not  be  relied  on  as  a  measure  of  anticipated  demand  or  future  revenue,  because  the  orders  constituting  our
backlog  may  be  subject  to  changes  in  delivery  schedules  or  cancellation  without  significant  penalty  to  the  customer.  Any  reductions,  cancellations  or
deferrals in customer orders would negatively impact our business.

We are presently making a significant capital investment in our Myford facility in order to meet potential future needs and, as a result, the we depend
on the success of attracting new and retaining existing customers’ business.

We  recently  initiated  two  phases  of  expansion  in  our  Myford  Facility  which  represent  a  substantial  investment  in  our  manufacturing  capabilities.  As  a
result, our fixed cost will be significantly increasing. If, upon completion of the expansion, we are not able to utilize the additional capacity, our margins
could  be  adversely  affected.  Further,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  future  revenue  will  be  sufficient  to  ensure  the  economical  operation  of  this
expanded capacity, in which case, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our rapid growth during fiscal year 2021 may not be indicative of our future growth, and if we continue to grow rapidly, we may fail to manage our
growth effectively.

Revenues for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 were $95.9 million, representing a 61% increase over revenues for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 of
$59.7 million. We believe our ability to continue to experience revenue growth will depend on a number of factors, including our ability to:

·
·
·
·
·

increase our manufacturing capacity by timely completing both phases of the recently initiated expansion of our Myford Facility;
continue to expand our customer base, and identify and focus on additional development and manufacturing opportunities with existing customers;
effectively compete with our competitors in the contract development and manufacturing sector;
continue to broaden our market awareness through a diversified, yet flexible, marketing strategy; and
selectively pursue complementary or adjacent service offerings, either organically or through acquisition.

Moreover, we continue to expand our headcount and operations. We grew from 227 employees as of April 30, 2020 to 257 employees as of April 30, 2021.
We  anticipate  that  we  will  continue  to  expand  our  operations  and  headcount  in  the  near  term  and  beyond.  This  potential  future  growth  could  place  a
significant strain on our management, administrative, operational and financial resources, company culture and infrastructure. Our success will depend in
part on our ability to manage this growth effectively while retaining personnel. To manage the expected growth of our operations and personnel, we will
need to continue to improve our operational, financial and management controls and our reporting systems and procedures. Failure to effectively manage
growth could result in difficulty or delays in adding new clients, maintaining our strong quality systems, declines in quality or client satisfaction, increases
in costs, system failures, difficulties in introducing new features or solutions, the need for more capital than we anticipate or other operational difficulties,
and any of these difficulties could harm our business performance and results of operations.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We rely on third parties to supply most of the necessary raw materials and supplies for the products we manufacture on behalf of our customers and
our inability to obtain such raw materials or supplies may adversely impact our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our  operations  require  various  raw  materials,  including  proprietary  media,  resins,  buffers,  and  filters,  in  addition  to  numerous  additional  raw  materials
supplied primarily by third parties. We or our customers specify the raw materials and other items required to manufacture their product and, in some cases,
specify the suppliers from whom we must purchase these raw materials. In certain instances, the raw materials and other items can only be supplied by a
limited number of suppliers and, in some cases, a single source, or in limited quantities. If third-party suppliers do not supply raw materials or other items
on  a  timely  basis,  it  may  cause  a  manufacturing  run  to  be  delayed  or  canceled  which  would  adversely  impact  our  financial  condition  and  results  of
operations.  Additionally,  we  do  not  have  long-term  supply  contracts  with  any  of  our  single  source  suppliers.  If  we  experience  difficulties  acquiring
sufficient quantities of required materials or products from our existing suppliers, or if our suppliers are found to be non-compliant with the FDA’s quality
system  regulation,  CGMPs  or  other  applicable  laws  or  regulations,  we  would  be  required  to  find  alternative  suppliers.  If  our  primary  suppliers  become
unable  or  unwilling  to  perform,  any  resulting  delays  or  interruptions  in  the  supply  of  raw  materials  required  to  support  our  manufacturing  of  CGMP
pharmaceutical-grade  products  would  ultimately  delay  our  manufacture  of  products  for  our  customers,  which  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our
financial  condition  and  operating  results.  Furthermore,  third-party  suppliers  may  fail  to  provide  us  with  raw  materials  and  other  items  that  meet  the
qualifications and specifications required by us or our customers. If third-party suppliers are not able to provide us with raw materials that meet our or our
customers’ specifications on a timely basis, we may be unable to manufacture their product or it could prevent us from delivering products to our customers
within required timeframes. Any such delay in delivering our products may create liability for us to our customers for breach of contract or cause us to
experience order cancellations and loss of customers. In the event that we manufacture products with inferior quality components and raw materials, we
may become subject to product liability claims caused by defective raw materials or components from a third-party supplier or from a customer, or our
customer may be required to recall its products from the market.

All of our manufacturing facilities are situated in a single location in California, which increases our exposure to significant disruption to our business
as a result of unforeseeable developments in a single geographic area.

We  operate  our  manufacturing  facilities  in  Tustin,  California.  It  is  possible  that  we  could  experience  prolonged  periods  of  reduced  production  due  to
unforeseen  catastrophic  events  occurring  in  or  around  our  facilities.  It  is  also  possible  that  operations  could  be  disrupted  due  to  other  unforeseen
circumstances such as power outages, explosions, fires, floods, earthquakes or accidents. As a result, we may be unable to shift manufacturing capabilities
to alternate locations, accept materials from suppliers, meet customer shipment needs or address other severe consequences that may be encountered, and
we may suffer damage to our reputation. Our financial condition and results of our operations could be materially adversely affected were such events to
occur.

Our manufacturing services are highly complex, and if we are unable to provide quality and timely services to our customers, our business could suffer.

The  manufacturing  services  we  offer  are  highly  complex,  due  in  part  to  strict  regulatory  requirements.  A  failure  of  our  quality  control  systems  in  our
facilities  could  cause  problems  to  arise  in  connection  with  facility  operations  for  a  variety  of  reasons,  including  equipment  malfunction,  viral
contamination,  failure  to  follow  specific  manufacturing  instructions,  protocols  and  standard  operating  procedures,  problems  with  raw  materials  or
environmental factors. Such problems could affect production of a single manufacturing run or a series of runs, requiring the destruction of products, or
could  halt  manufacturing  operations  altogether.  In  addition,  our  failure  to  meet  required  quality  standards  may  result  in  our  failure  to  timely  deliver
products  to  our  customers  which,  in  turn,  could  damage  our  reputation  for  quality  and  service.  Any  such  incident  could,  among  other  things,  lead  to
increased costs, lost revenue, reimbursement to customers for lost drug substance, damage to and possibly termination of existing customer relationships,
time and expense spent investigating the cause and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other manufacturing runs. With respect to our
commercial manufacturing, if problems are not discovered before the product is released to the market, we may be subject to regulatory actions, including
product  recalls,  product  seizures,  injunctions  to  halt  manufacture  and  distribution,  restrictions  on  our  operations,  civil  sanctions,  including  monetary
sanctions, and criminal actions. In addition, such issues could subject us to litigation, the cost of which could be significant.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If we do not enhance our existing or introduce new service offerings in a timely manner, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over
time, customers may not buy our offerings and our revenues and profitability may decline. 

Demand for our manufacturing services may change in ways that we may not anticipate due to evolving industry standards and customer needs that are
increasingly sophisticated and varied, as well as the introduction by others of new offerings and technologies that provide alternatives to our offerings. In
the event we are unable to offer or enhance our service offerings or expand our manufacturing infrastructure to accommodate requests from our customers
and potential customers, our offerings may become obsolete or noncompetitive over time, in which case our revenue and operating results would suffer. For
example,  if  we  are  unable  to  respond  to  changes  in  the  nature  or  extent  of  the  technological  or  other  needs  of  our  customers  through  enhancing  our
offerings,  our  competition  may  develop  offerings  that  are  more  competitive  than  ours  and  we  could  find  it  more  difficult  to  renew  or  expand  existing
agreements  or  obtain  new  agreements.  Potential  innovations  intended  to  facilitate  enhanced  or  new  offerings  generally  will  require  a  substantial  capital
investment before we can determine their commercial viability, and we may not have financial resources sufficient to fund all desired innovations. Even if
we succeed in creating enhanced or new offerings, however, they may still fail to result in commercially successful offerings or may not produce revenue in
excess  of  our  costs  of  development,  and  they  may  be  rendered  obsolete  by  changing  customer  preferences  or  the  introduction  by  our  competitors  of
offerings embodying new technologies or features. Finally, the marketplace may not accept our innovations due to, among other things, existing patterns of
clinical practice, the need for regulatory clearance and/or uncertainty over market access or government or third-party reimbursement.

If we use hazardous and biological materials in a manner that causes injury or violates applicable law, we may be liable for damages.

Our contract manufacturing operations involve the controlled use of hazardous materials and chemicals. We are subject to federal, state and local laws and
regulations in the United States governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and chemicals. Although we believe
that  our  procedures  for  using,  handling,  storing  and  disposing  of  these  materials  comply  with  legally  prescribed  standards,  we  may  incur  significant
additional costs to comply with applicable laws in the future. Also, even if we are in compliance with applicable laws, we cannot completely eliminate the
risk of contamination or injury resulting from hazardous materials or chemicals. As a result of any such contamination or injury, we may incur liability or
local, city, state or federal authorities may curtail the use of these materials and interrupt our business operations. In the event of an accident, we could be
held  liable  for  damages  or  penalized  with  fines,  and  the  liability  could  exceed  our  resources.  Compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and
regulations is expensive, and current or future environmental regulations may impair our contract manufacturing operations, which could materially harm
our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Potential  product  liability  claims,  errors  and  omissions  claims  in  connection  with  services  we  perform  and  potential  liability  under  indemnification
agreements between us and our officers and directors could adversely affect us.

We manufacture products intended for use in humans. These activities could expose us to risk of liability for personal injury or death to persons using such
products. We seek to reduce our potential liability through measures such as contractual indemnification provisions with customers (the scope of which
may  vary  by  customer,  and  the  performances  of  which  are  not  secured)  and  insurance  maintained  by  us  and  our  customers.  We  could  be  materially
adversely  affected  if  we  are  required  to  pay  damages  or  incur  defense  costs  in  connection  with  a  claim  that  is  outside  the  scope  of  the  indemnification
agreements,  if  the  indemnity,  although  applicable,  is  not  performed  in  accordance  with  its  terms  or  if  our  liabilities  exceed  the  amount  of  applicable
insurance or indemnity. In addition, we could be held liable for errors and omissions in connection with the services we perform. Although we currently
maintain product liability and errors and omissions insurance with respect to these risks, such coverage may not be adequate or continue to be available on
terms acceptable to us.

We also indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is serving at our request in such capacity. The
maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. Although we have a
director and officer insurance policy that covers a portion of any potential exposure, we could be materially and adversely affected if we are required to pay
damages or incur legal costs in connection with a claim above such insurance limits.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Any claims beyond our insurance coverage limits, or that are otherwise not covered by our insurance, may result in substantial costs and a reduction in
our available capital resources.

We maintain property insurance, employer’s liability insurance, product liability insurance, general liability insurance, business interruption insurance, and
directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, among others. Although we maintain what we believe to be adequate insurance coverage, potential claims may
exceed the amount of insurance coverage or may be excluded under the terms of the policy, which could cause an adverse effect on our business, financial
condition and results from operations. Generally, we would be at risk for the loss of inventory that is not within customer specifications. These amounts
could be significant. In addition, in the future we may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage or we may be required to pay higher premiums and
accept higher deductibles in order to secure adequate insurance coverage.

Third parties may claim that our services or our customer’s products infringe on or misappropriate their intellectual property rights.

Any claims that our services infringe the rights of third parties, including claims arising from any of our customer engagements, regardless of their merit or
resolution, could be costly and may divert the efforts and attention of our management and technical personnel. We may not prevail in such proceedings,
given the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation. If such proceedings result in an adverse outcome, we could
be required, among other things, to pay substantial damages, discontinue the use of the infringing technology, expend significant resources to develop non-
infringing technology, license such technology from the third party claiming infringement (which license may not be available on commercially reasonable
terms or at all) and/or cease the manufacture, use or sale of the infringing processes or offerings, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our
business.

In addition, our customers’ products may be subject to claims of intellectual property infringement and such claims could materially affect our business if
their products cease to be manufactured and they have to discontinue the use of the infringing technology which we may provide. Any of the foregoing
could affect our ability to compete or could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We depend on key personnel and the loss of key personnel could harm our business and results of operations.

We depend on our ability to attract and retain qualified scientific and technical employees, as well as a number of key executives. These employees may
voluntarily  terminate  their  employment  with  us  at  any  time.  We  may  not  be  able  to  retain  key  personnel,  or  attract  and  retain  additional  qualified
employees. We do not maintain key-man or similar policies covering any of our senior management or key personnel. Our inability to attract and retain key
personnel would have a material adverse effect on our business.

We have federal and state net operating loss, or NOL, carry forwards which, if we were to become profitable, could be used to offset/defer federal and
state income taxes. Our ability to use such carry forwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to certain limitations related to changes in
ownership of our stock and decisions by California and other states to limit or suspend NOL carry forwards.

As  of  April  30,  2021,  we  had  federal  and  state  NOL  carry  forwards  of  approximately  $407  million  and  $272  million,  respectively.  These  NOL  carry
forwards could potentially be used to offset certain future federal and state income tax liabilities. The federal net operating loss carry forwards generated
prior to January 1, 2018 expire in fiscal years 2021 through 2038. The federal net operating loss generated after January 1, 2018 of $19.6 million can be
carried  forward  indefinitely.  Utilization  of  net  operating  losses  generated  subsequent  to  2020  are  limited  to  80%  of  future  taxable  income.  However,
utilization  of  NOL  carry  forwards  may  be  subject  to  a  substantial  annual  limitation  pursuant  to  Section  382  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  of  1986,  as
amended,  as  well  as  similar  state  provisions  due  to  ownership  changes  that  have  occurred  previously  or  that  could  occur  in  the  future.  In  general,  an
ownership change, as defined by Section 382, results from transactions increasing the ownership of certain stockholders or public groups in the stock of a
corporation by more than 50 percentage points over a three-year period. A Section 382 analysis has been completed through the fiscal year ended April 30,
2021, which it was determined that no such change in ownership had occurred. However, ownership changes occurring subsequent to April 30, 2021 may
impact the utilization of our NOL carry forwards and other tax attributes. Additionally, states may impose other limitations on the use of state NOL carry
forwards. We are subject to California’s recent suspension of NOL carry forwards for the taxable years beginning in 2020 and lasting through 2022. Any
limitation  may  result  in  expiration  of  a  portion  of  the  carry  forwards  before  utilization.  If  we  were  not  able  to  utilize  our  carry  forwards,  we  would  be
required to use our cash resources to pay taxes that would otherwise have been offset, thereby reducing our liquidity.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We may be subject to various litigation claims and legal proceedings.

We, as well as certain of our directors and officers, may be subject to claims or lawsuits during the ordinary course of business. Regardless of the outcome,
these lawsuits may result in significant legal fees and expenses and could divert management’s time and other resources. If the claims contained in these
lawsuits are successfully asserted against us, we could be liable for damages and be required to alter or cease certain of our business practices. Any of these
outcomes could cause our business, financial performance and cash position to be negatively impacted.

We have become increasingly dependent on information technology and any breakdown, interruption or breach of our information technology systems
could subject us to liability or interrupt the operation of our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition,
results of operations and cash flows.

We are increasingly dependent upon sophisticated information technology systems and infrastructure in connection with the conduct of our business. We
must constantly update our information technology infrastructure and our various current information technology systems throughout the organization may
not continue to meet our current and future business needs. Furthermore, modification, upgrade or replacement of such systems may be costly. In addition,
due to the size and complexity of these systems, any breakdown, interruption, corruption or unauthorized access to or cyber-attack on these systems could
create  system  disruptions,  shutdowns  or  unauthorized  disclosure  of  confidential  information.  While  we  attempt  to  take  appropriate  security  and  cyber-
security measures to protect our data and information technology systems and to prevent such breakdowns and unauthorized breaches and cyber-attacks,
these measures may not be successful and these breakdowns and breaches in, or attacks on, our systems and data may not be prevented. Such breakdowns,
breaches or attacks may cause business interruption and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and
cash  flows  and  could  cause  the  market  value  of  our  common  shares  to  decline,  and  we  may  suffer  financial  damage  or  other  loss,  including  fines  or
criminal penalties because of lost or misappropriated information.

We may seek to grow our business through acquisitions of complementary businesses, and the failure to manage acquisitions, or the failure to integrate
them with our existing business, could harm our financial condition and operating results.

From time to time, we may consider opportunities to acquire other companies, products or technologies that may enhance our manufacturing capabilities,
expand the breadth of our markets or customer base, or advance our business strategies. Potential acquisitions involve numerous risks, including: problems
assimilating  the  acquired  service  offerings,  products  or  technologies;  issues  maintaining  uniform  standards,  procedures,  quality  control  and  policies;
unanticipated  costs  associated  with  acquisitions;  diversion  of  management’s  attention  from  our  existing  business;  risks  associated  with  entering  new
markets in which we have limited or no experience; increased legal and accounting costs relating to the acquisitions or compliance with regulatory matters;
and unanticipated or undisclosed liabilities of any target.

We have no current commitments with respect to any acquisition. We do not know if we will be able to identify acquisitions we deem suitable, whether we
will be able to successfully complete any such acquisitions on favorable terms or at all, or whether we will be able to successfully integrate any acquired
service  offerings,  products  or  technologies.  Our  potential  inability  to  integrate  any  acquired  service  offerings,  products  or  technologies  effectively  may
adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

Risks Related to Our Customers

The  consumers  of  the  products  we  manufacture  for  our  customers  may  significantly  influence  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of
operations.

We  depend  on,  and  have  no  control  over,  consumer  demand  for  the  products  we  manufacture  for  our  customers.  Consumer  demand  for  our  customers’
products could be adversely affected by, among other things, delays in health regulatory approval, the inability of our customers to demonstrate the efficacy
and  safety  of  their  products,  the  loss  of  patent  and  other  intellectual  property  rights  protection,  the  emergence  of  competing  or  alternative  products,
including generic drugs, the degree to which private and government payment subsidies for a particular product offset the cost to consumers and changes in
the marketing strategies for such products and the outbreak of a pandemic such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, if the products we manufacture
for our customers do not gain market acceptance, our revenues and profitability may be adversely affected.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We believe that continued changes to the healthcare industry, including ongoing healthcare reform, adverse changes in government or private funding of
healthcare products and services, legislation or regulations governing the privacy of patient information or patient access to care, or the delivery, pricing or
reimbursement  of  pharmaceuticals  and  healthcare  services  or  mandated  benefits,  may  cause  healthcare  industry  participants  to  purchase  fewer  services
from us or influence the price that others are willing to pay for our services. Changes in the healthcare industry’s pricing, selling, inventory, distribution or
supply policies or practices could also significantly reduce our revenue and profitability.

If production volumes of key products that we manufacture for our customers decline, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely
affected.

Our customers’ failure to receive or maintain regulatory approval for their product candidates could negatively impact our revenues and profitability.

Our success depends upon the regulatory approval of the products we manufacture. As such, if our customers experience a delay in, or failure to receive,
approval for any of their product candidates or fail to maintain regulatory approval of their products and we are not able to manufacture these products, our
revenue  and  profitability  could  be  adversely  affected.  Additionally,  if  the  FDA  or  a  comparable  foreign  regulatory  authority  does  not  approve  of  our
facilities  for  the  manufacture  of  a  customer  product  or  if  it  withdraws  such  approval  in  the  future,  our  customers  may  choose  to  identify  alternative
manufacturing  facilities  and/or  relationships,  which  could  significantly  impact  our  ability  to  expand  our  manufacturing  capacity  and  capabilities  and
achieve profitability.

We depend on spending and demand from our customers for our contract manufacturing and development services and any reduction in spending or
demand could have a material adverse effect on our business.

The amount that our customers spend on the development and manufacture of their products or product candidates, particularly the amount our customers
choose  to  spend  on  outsourcing  these  services  to  us,  substantially  impacts  our  revenue  and  profitability.  The  outcomes  of  our  customers’  research,
development  and  marketing  also  significantly  influence  the  amount  that  our  customers  choose  to  spend  on  our  services  and  offerings.  Our  customers
determine the amounts that they will spend on our services based upon, among other things, the clinical and market success of their products, available
resources, access to capital and their need to develop new products which, in turn, depend upon a number of other factors, including their competitors’
research, development and product initiatives and the anticipated market for any new products, as well as clinical and reimbursement scenarios for specific
products and therapeutic areas. Further, increasing consolidation in the pharmaceutical industry may impact such spending, particularly in the event that
any of our customers choose to develop or acquire integrated manufacturing operations. Any reduction in customer spending on biologics development and
related services as a result of these and other factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

If we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our customers’ proprietary information, we may be subject to claims.

Many of the formulations used and processes developed by us in the manufacture of our customers’ products are subject to trade secret protection, patents
or other intellectual property protections owned or licensed by such customer. While we make significant efforts to protect our customers’ proprietary and
confidential information, including requiring our employees to enter into agreements protecting such information, if any of our employees breaches the
non-disclosure provisions in such agreements, or if our customers make claims that their proprietary information has been disclosed, our reputation may
suffer  damage  and  we  may  become  subject  to  legal  proceedings  that  could  require  us  to  incur  significant  expense  and  divert  our  management’s  time,
attention and resources.

Risks Related to the Industry in Which We Operate

Failure to comply with existing and future regulatory requirements could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Our industry is highly regulated. We are required to comply with the regulatory requirements of various local, state, provincial, national and international
regulatory bodies having jurisdiction in the countries or localities in which we manufacture products or in which our customers’ products are distributed. In
particular,  we  are  subject  to  laws  and  regulations  concerning  development,  testing,  manufacturing  processes,  equipment  and  facilities,  including
compliance  with  CGMPs,  import  and  export,  and  product  registration  and  listing,  among  other  things.  As  a  result,  most  of  our  facilities  are  subject  to
regulation by the FDA, as well as regulatory bodies of other jurisdictions where our customers have marketing approval for their products including, but
not limited to, the EMA, ANVISA and/or Health Canada, depending on the countries in which our customers market and sell the products we manufacture
on their behalf. As we expand our operations, we may be exposed to more complex and new regulatory and administrative requirements and legal risks,
any of which may require expertise in which we have little or no experience. It is possible that compliance with new regulatory requirements could impose
significant compliance costs on us. Such costs could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
These regulatory requirements impact many aspects of our operations, including manufacturing, developing, storage, distribution, import and export and
record keeping related to customers’ products. Noncompliance with any applicable regulatory requirements can result in government refusal to approve: (i)
facilities  for  testing  or  manufacturing  products  or  (ii)  products  for  commercialization.  The  FDA  and  other  regulatory  agencies  can  delay,  limit  or  deny
approval for many reasons, including:

· changes to the regulatory approval process, including new data requirements for product candidates in those jurisdictions, including the United States,

in which our customers may be seeking approval;

· that a customer’s product candidate may not be deemed to be safe or effective;
· the inability of the regulatory agency to provide timely responses as a result of its resource constraints; and
· that the manufacturing processes or facilities may not meet the applicable requirements.

In addition, if new legislation or regulations are enacted or existing legislation or regulations are amended or are interpreted or enforced differently, we may
be  required  to  obtain  additional  approvals  or  operate  according  to  different  manufacturing  or  operating  standards.  This  may  require  a  change  in  our
development and manufacturing techniques or additional capital investments in our facilities. Any related costs may be significant. If we fail to comply
with applicable regulatory requirements in the future, then we may be subject to warning letters and/or civil or criminal penalties and fines, suspension or
withdrawal  of  regulatory  approvals,  product  recalls,  seizure  of  products,  restrictions  on  the  import  and  export  of  our  products,  debarment,  exclusion,
disgorgement of profits, operating restrictions and criminal prosecution and the loss of contracts and resulting revenue losses. Inspections by regulatory
authorities that identify any deficiencies could result in remedial actions, production stoppages or facility closure, which would disrupt the manufacturing
process and supply of product to our customers. In addition, such failure to comply could expose us to contractual and product liability claims, including
claims by customers for reimbursement for lost or damaged active pharmaceutical ingredients or recall or other corrective actions, the cost of which could
be significant.

In  addition,  certain  products  we  manufacture  must  undergo  pre-clinical  and  clinical  evaluations  relating  to  product  safety  and  efficacy  before  they  are
approved as commercial therapeutic products. The regulatory authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which our customers intend to market their
products  may  delay  or  put  on  hold  clinical  trials  or  delay  approval  of  a  product  or  determine  that  the  product  is  not  approvable.  The  FDA  or  other
regulatory  agencies  can  delay  approval  of  a  drug  if  our  manufacturing  facility,  including  any  newly  commissioned  facility,  is  not  able  to  demonstrate
compliance with CGMPs, pass other aspects of pre-approval inspections or properly scale up to produce commercial supplies. The FDA and comparable
government authorities having jurisdiction in the countries in which we or our customers intend to market their products have the authority to withdraw
product approval or suspend manufacture if there are significant problems with raw materials or supplies, quality control and assurance or the product we
manufacture  is  adulterated  or  misbranded.  If  our  manufacturing  facilities  and  services  are  not  in  compliance  with  FDA  and  comparable  government
authorities, we may be unable to obtain or maintain the necessary approvals to continue manufacturing products for our customers, which would materially
adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in a highly competitive market and competition may adversely affect our business.

We operate in a market that is highly competitive. Our competition in the contract manufacturing market includes full-service contract manufacturers and
large pharmaceutical companies offering third-party manufacturing services to fill their excess capacity. We may also compete with the internal operations
of  those  pharmaceutical  companies  that  choose  to  source  their  product  offerings  internally.  In  addition,  most  of  our  competitors  may  have  substantially
greater financial, marketing, technical or other resources than we do. Moreover, additional competition may emerge, particularly in lower-cost jurisdictions
such as India and China, which could, among other things, result in a decrease in the fees paid for our services, which may adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock 

Our issuance of additional capital stock pursuant to our equity incentive plans, or in connection with financings, acquisitions, or otherwise will dilute
the interests of other security holders and may depress the price of our common stock.

We expect to issue additional capital stock in the future that will result in dilution to all other stockholders. We expect to grant equity awards to employees,
directors and consultants under our equity incentive plans. We may also raise capital through equity financings in the future. As part of our growth strategy,
we may seek to acquire companies and issue equity securities to pay for any such acquisition. Any such issuances of additional capital stock may cause
stockholders to experience significant dilution of their ownership interests and the per share value of our common stock to decline. Furthermore, if we issue
additional equity or convertible debt securities, the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock. For example, if we elect to
settle our conversion obligation under our 1.250% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026, or our 2026 Notes, in shares of our common stock or a combination
of cash and shares of our common stock, the issuance of such common stock may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders and sales in the public
market could adversely affect prevailing market prices.

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our highly volatile stock price may adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock.

The market price of our common stock has generally been highly volatile and is likely to continue to be highly volatile. For instance, the market price of
our common stock has ranged from $3.02 to $22.14 per share over the last three fiscal years ended April 30, 2021.

The market price of our common stock may be significantly impacted by many factors including the following:

· the loss of a significant customer;
· significant changes in our financial results or that of our competitors, including our ability to continue as a going concern;
· the ability to meet our revenue guidance;
· the offering and sale of shares of our common stock, either sold at market prices or at a discount under an equity transaction;
· significant changes in our capital structure;
· published reports by securities analysts;
· actual or purported short squeeze trading activity;
· announcements of partnering transactions, joint ventures, strategic alliances, and any other transaction that involves the development, sale or use of

our technologies or competitive technologies;

· regulatory developments, including possible delays in the regulatory approval of our customers’ products which we manufacture;
· outcomes of significant litigation, disputes and other legal or regulatory proceedings;
· general stock trends in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry sectors;
· public concerns as to the safety and effectiveness of the products we manufacture;
· economic trends and other external factors including, but not limited to, interest rate fluctuations, economic recession, inflation, foreign market trends,

national crisis, and disasters; and

· healthcare reimbursement reform and cost-containment measures implemented by government agencies.

These  and  other  external  factors  have  caused  and  may  continue  to  cause  the  market  price  and  demand  for  our  common  stock  to  fluctuate  substantially,
which  may  limit  or  prevent  investors  from  readily  selling  their  shares  of  our  common  stock,  and  may  otherwise  negatively  affect  the  liquidity  of  our
common stock.

Anti-takeover provisions in our certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws, the Indenture, as well as provisions of Delaware law could
prevent or delay a change in control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders.

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws could discourage, delay or prevent a merger, acquisition or other change in
control of our company, even if such change in control would be beneficial to our stockholders. These include: authorizing the issuance of “blank check”
preferred stock that could be issued by our board of directors to increase the number of outstanding shares and thwart a takeover attempt; no provision for
the use of cumulative voting for the election of directors; limiting the ability of stockholders to call special meetings; requiring all stockholder actions to be
taken  at  a  meeting  of  our  stockholders  (i.e.  no  provision  for  stockholder  action  by  written  consent);  and  establishing  advance  notice  requirements  for
nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at stockholder meetings.

Further,  in  connection  with  our  2026  Notes  issuances,  we  entered  into  an  indenture  dated  as  of  March  12,  2021  as  amended  by  a  first  supplemental
indenture dated April 30, 2021 (as amended or supplemented, the “Indenture”) with U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. Certain provisions in the
Indenture could make it more difficult or more expensive for a third party to acquire us. For example, if a takeover would constitute a fundamental change,
holders  of  the  2026  Notes  will  have  the  right  to  require  us  to  repurchase  their  2026  Notes  in  cash.  In  addition,  if  a  takeover  constitutes  a  make-whole
fundamental change, we may be required to increase the conversion rate for holders who convert their 2026 Notes in connection with such takeover. In
either case, and in other cases, our obligations under the 2026 Notes and the Indenture could increase the cost of acquiring us or otherwise discourage a
third party from acquiring us or removing incumbent management.

In  addition,  Section  203  of  the  Delaware  General  Corporation  Law  prohibits  us,  except  under  specified  circumstances,  from  engaging  in  any  mergers,
significant sales of stock or assets or business combinations with any stockholder or group of stockholders who owns at least 15% of our common stock.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our bylaws, as amended, provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between
us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers
or employees.

Our bylaws, as amended, provide that, unless we consent in writing to an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive
forum  for  any  derivative  action  or  proceeding  brought  on  our  behalf,  any  action  asserting  a  breach  of  a  fiduciary  duty  owed  by  any  of  our  directors,
officers,  or  other  employees  to  us,  any  action  asserting  a  claim  against  us  arising  pursuant  to  the  Delaware  General  Corporation  Law,  our  certificate  of
incorporation or our bylaws, any action to interpret, apply, enforce, or determine the validity of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or any action
asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim
in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against us
and our directors, officers and other employees.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock, so any returns will be limited to the value of our stock.

We  have  never  declared  or  paid  any  cash  dividend  on  our  common  stock.  We  currently  anticipate  that  we  will  retain  future  earnings,  if  any,  for  the
development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any return
to stockholders will therefore be limited to the appreciation of the trading price of our common stock.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research reports about us, or if they issue adverse opinions about our business, our stock price and
trading volume could decline.

The research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about us or our business will influence the market for our common stock. If one or
more  analysts  who  cover  us  issues  an  adverse  opinion  about  us,  our  stock  price  would  likely  decline.  If  one  or  more  of  these  analysts  ceases  research
coverage of us or fails to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets which, in turn, could cause our stock price or
trading volume to decline. Further, if we fail to meet the market expectations of analysts who follow our stock, our stock price likely would decline.

Risks Related to Our Outstanding 2026 Notes

We may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to make payments on our significant debt when due, and we may incur additional indebtedness
in the future.

In March 2021, we issued the 2026 Notes in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act. We may be
required to use a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to pay interest and principal on our indebtedness. Our ability to make scheduled
payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness, including the 2026 Notes, depends on our future performance, which is
subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in
the future sufficient to service our debt and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt
one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive.
Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any
of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations.

In addition, we may incur substantial additional debt in the future, subject to the restrictions contained in our future debt agreements, some of which may
be secured debt. We are not restricted under the terms of the Indenture governing the 2026 Notes, from incurring additional debt, securing existing or future
debt, recapitalizing our debt, repurchasing our stock, pledging our assets, making investments, paying dividends, guaranteeing debt or taking a number of
other  actions  that  are  not  limited  by  the  terms  of  the  Indenture  governing  the  2026  Notes  that  could  have  the  effect  of  diminishing  our  ability  to  make
payments on the 2026 Notes when due.

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The conditional conversion feature of our 2026 Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

In the event the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes is triggered, holders of the 2026 Notes will be entitled to convert the notes at any time
during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their 2026 Notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by
delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), we would be required to settle a portion or
all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert
their 2026 Notes when these conversion triggers are satisfied, we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the
outstanding principal of the 2026 Notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working capital.

The accounting method for convertible debt securities that may be settled in cash, such as the 2026 Notes, could have a material effect on our reported
financial results.

In  May  2008,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”),  issued  FASB  Staff  Position  No.  APB  14-1,  Accounting  for  Convertible  Debt
Instruments  That  May  Be  Settled  in  Cash  upon  Conversion  (Including  Partial  Cash  Settlement),  which  has  subsequently  been  codified  as  Accounting
Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, which we refer to as ASC 470-20. Under ASC 470-20, an
entity must separately account for the debt and equity components of convertible debt instruments (such as the 2026 Notes) that may be settled entirely or
partially in cash. After the initial carrying amount of the liability component is determined the remaining proceeds are allocated to the equity component.
The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification. The equity component associated with the
2026  Notes  was  recorded  as  additional  paid-in  capital  within  the  stockholders’  equity  section  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheet,  which  resulted  in  a
discount being recorded to the carrying value of the 2026 Notes. As a result, we will be required to recognize a greater amount of non-cash interest expense
in our consolidated statements of operations in the current and future periods presented as a result of the amortization of the discounted carrying value of
the 2026 Notes to their principal amount over their terms. We will report lower net income or larger net losses in our consolidated financial results because
ASC 470-20 will require interest to include both the current period’s amortization of the original issue discount and the instrument’s coupon interest rate.
This could adversely affect our reported or future consolidated financial results.

In August 2020, FASB published an Accounting Standards Update, which we refer to as ASU 2020-06, eliminating the separate accounting for the debt and
equity components as described above and therefore reducing the non-cash interest expense we expect to recognize. ASU 2020-06 will also require the
application  of  the  “if-converted”  method  for  presenting  diluted  earnings  per  share.  Under  that  method,  diluted  earnings  per  share  will  generally  be
calculated assuming that all the 2026 Notes were converted solely into shares of common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, unless the result
would be anti-dilutive, which could adversely affect our diluted earnings per share. These amendments will be effective for public companies for fiscal
years  beginning  after  December  15,  2021,  with  early  adoption  permitted,  but  no  earlier  than  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2020.  We  are
currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and the timing of
adoption.

The capped call transactions may affect the value of our 2026 Notes and our common stock.

In  connection  with  the  pricing  of  the  2026  Notes,  we  entered  into  capped  call  transactions  with  the  option  counterparties.  The  capped  call  transactions
cover,  subject  to  customary  anti-dilution  adjustments,  the  aggregate  number  of  shares  of  our  common  stock  that  initially  underlie  the  2026  Notes. The
capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to our common stock as a result of conversion of the 2026 Notes and/or
offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted 2026 Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction
and/or  offset  subject  to  a  cap.  In  connection  with  establishing  their  initial  hedges  of  the  capped  call  transactions,  the  option  counterparties  or  their
respective  affiliates  may  have  purchased  shares  of  common  stock  and/or  entered  into  various  derivative  transactions  with  respect  to  our  common  stock
concurrently with or shortly after the pricing of the 2026 Notes, including with certain investors in the 2026 Notes.

In addition, the option counterparties or their respective affiliates may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with
respect  to  our  common  stock  and/or  purchasing  or  selling  our  common  stock  or  other  securities  of  ours  in  secondary  market  transactions  following  the
pricing of the 2026 Notes and prior to the maturity of the 2026 Notes. They are likely to do so on each exercise date for the capped call transactions, which
are  expected  to  occur  during  each  40  trading  day  period  beginning  on  the  41st  scheduled  trading  day  prior  to  the  maturity  date  of  the  2026  Notes,  or
following any termination of any portion of the capped call transactions in connection with any repurchase, redemption or early conversion of the 2026
Notes. This activity could also cause or prevent an increase or decrease in the price of our common stock or the 2026 Notes. The potential effect, if any, of
these transactions on the price of our common stock or the 2026 Notes will depend in part on market conditions and cannot be ascertained at this time. Any
of these activities could adversely affect the value of our common stock.

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the capped call transactions.

The counterparties to the capped call transactions are financial institutions, and we will be subject to the risk that one or more of the option counterparties
may  default,  fail  to  perform  or  exercise  their  termination  rights  under  the  capped  call  transactions.  Our  exposure  to  the  credit  risk  of  the  option
counterparties will not be secured by any collateral. If a counterparty to the capped call transactions becomes subject to insolvency proceedings, we will
become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our exposure at the time under such transaction. Our exposure will depend on
many  factors  but,  generally,  our  exposure  will  increase  if  the  market  price  or  the  volatility  of  our  common  stock  increases.  In  addition,  upon  a  default,
failure to perform or a termination of the capped call transactions by a counterparty, we may suffer more dilution than we currently anticipate with respect
to our common stock.

ITEM 1B.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.

PROPERTIES

Our corporate offices and manufacturing facilities are all located in close proximity in Tustin, California. We currently lease an aggregate of approximately
158,000 square feet of office, manufacturing, laboratory and warehouse space in four buildings under three separate lease agreements.

We lease approximately 26,000 square feet for our corporate headquarters under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began April 2016 and
expires in August 2023. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to August 2035.

We lease approximately 48,000 square feet of office, manufacturing and laboratory space under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began
December 1998 and expires in December 2027. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to December 2037.

We lease approximately 84,000 square feet of manufacturing and laboratory space under a non-cancellable operating lease agreement that began July 2014
and expires in January 2027. The lease contains two separate option periods that could extend the lease term to January 2037.

We believe that the space we lease is adequate to meet our current needs and that, if necessary, additional space would be available to accommodate any
future growth.

ITEM 3.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both
probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.  Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly
and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and
events  pertaining  to  a  particular  case.  We  currently  are  not  a  party  to  any  legal  proceedings,  the  adverse  outcome  of  which,  in  management’s  opinion,
individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 5.

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES

PART II

Market Information

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market under the trading symbol “CDMO.”

Holders of Common Stock

As of June 18, 2021, we had 449 stockholders of record of our common stock. This number does not include beneficial owners whose shares are held in
street name.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Dividend Policy

Common Stock

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future
determination  to  declare  cash  dividends  will  be  made  at  the  discretion  of  our  board  of  directors  and  will  depend  on  our  financial  condition,  results  of
operations, capital requirements, general business conditions, and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

Series E Preferred Stock

On April 12, 2021 (the “Redemption Date”), we redeemed our outstanding shares of 10.50% Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the “Series E Preferred
Stock”) at a per share price equal to the $25.00 liquidation amount plus accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date, in the
amount of $0.08021 per share of Series E Preferred Stock (as described in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). In connection with
the completed redemption, we incurred a charge of $3.4 million related to the excess of the redemption value paid upon redemption over the carrying value
of  our  Series  E  Preferred  Stock  which  is  included  in  impact  of  preferred  stock  redemption  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and
Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. As a result of the completed redemption, our Series E Preferred Stock is no longer
issued and outstanding.

Prior to the redemption of the Series E Preferred Stock, the holders thereof were entitled to receive, when and as declared by our board of directors out of
funds  legally  available  for  the  payment  of  distributions,  cumulative  preferential  cash  dividends,  payable  in  cash,  at  a  rate  of  10.50%  per annum  on  the
stated value of $25.00 per share, or $2.625 per share per annum, and such dividends were payable quarterly in arrears on or about the first day of each
January,  April,  July,  and  October.  For  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  we  paid  aggregate  cash  dividends  of  approximately  $4.5
million, $4.3 million and $4.3 million, respectively, to the holders of our Series E Preferred Stock.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph

Notwithstanding  any  statement  to  the  contrary  in  any  of  our  previous  or  future  filings  with  the  SEC,  the  following  information  relating  to  the  price
performance of our common stock shall not be deemed to be “filed” with the SEC or to be “soliciting material” under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and it shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference into such filing.

The  following  chart  shows  the  performance  from  April  30,  2016  through  April  30,  2021  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  common  stock,  compared  with  an
investment in the stocks represented in the NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark Pharmaceuticals TR Index and the NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark TR Index assuming
the investment of $100 at the beginning of the period and the reinvestment of dividends, if any. The total return data for the comparative indexes were
prepared by NASDAQ OMX Global Indexes.

COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
VALUE OF INVESTMENT OF $100 ON APRIL 30, 2016

The underlying data for the preceding graph is as follows:

  Avid Bioservices, Inc.
  NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark Pharmaceuticals TR Index
  NASDAQ U.S. Benchmark TR Index

April 30, 2016 April 30,

2017
$ 173.85
$ 108.10
$ 118.78

$    100.00
$    100.00
$    100.00

23

April 30,
2018
$ 148.06
$ 116.65
$ 134.47

April 30,
2019
$ 193.25
$ 133.16
$ 151.53

April 30,
2020
$ 246.10
$ 147.31
$ 150.36

April 30,
2021
$ 863.56
$ 170.14
$ 227.20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of April 30, 2021 and 2020, and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, are
derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. This information should be read in conjunction with
those  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  notes  thereto,  and  with  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of
Operations.” The selected consolidated financial data set forth below as of April 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017, and for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2018 and
2017,  are  derived  from  our  audited  consolidated  financial  statements  that  are  contained  in  Annual  Reports  previously  filed  with  the  SEC,  not  included
herein.

Revenues
Gross profit (loss)
Total operating expenses
Interest and other income (expense), net
Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax(c)(d)
Net income (loss)
Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends
Impact of Series E preferred stock redemption(e)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders(f)
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to
common stockholders:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders

Cash and cash equivalents
Working capital
Total assets
Convertible senior notes, net
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities
Total stockholders’ equity

____________

2021

2020(a)

2019(b)

2018

2017

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

95,868    $
29,307    $
17,064    $
(1,031)   $
11,212    $
–    $
11,212    $
(4,455)   $
(3,439)   $
3,318    $

59,702    $
3,932    $
14,872    $
474    $
(10,466)   $
–    $
(10,466)   $
(4,686)   $
–    $
(15,152)   $

0.06    $
–    $
0.06    $

(0.27)   $
–    $
(0.27)   $

169,915    $
136,868    $
265,510    $
96,949    $
19,889    $
–    $
187,774    $
77,736    $

36,262    $
15,283    $
107,620    $
–    $
21,244    $
–    $
65,724    $
41,896    $

53,603    $
7,224    $
12,846    $
282    $
(5,056)   $
841    $
(4,215)   $
(4,686)   $
–    $
(8,901)   $

(0.17)   $
0.01    $
(0.16)   $

32,351    $
28,156    $
78,395    $
–    $
–    $
93    $
25,327    $
53,068    $

53,621    $
(2,924)   $
17,714    $
75    $
(20,563)   $
(1,250)   $
(21,813)   $
(4,686)   $
–    $
(26,499)   $

(0.53)   $
(0.03)   $
(0.56)   $

42,265    $
29,964    $
95,760    $
–    $
–    $
–    $
40,022    $
55,738    $

57,630 
19,371 
18,079 
101 
1,393 
(29,552)
(28,159)
(4,640)
– 
(32,799)

(0.09)
(0.79)
(0.88)

46,799 
26,943 
95,760 
– 
– 
– 
64,530 
53,582 

(a) On May 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases with a
lease term greater than one year (as described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). We adopted ASC 842 using the modified
retrospective method. Accordingly, results for reporting periods beginning after May 1, 2019 are presented in accordance with ASC 842, while prior
period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to May 1, 2019.

(b) On May 1, 2018, we adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective method to all contracts not

completed as of May 1, 2018 (as described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). Under the modified retrospective method,
results for the reporting periods beginning on or after May 1, 2018 are presented in accordance with ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not
adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards that were in effect prior to May 1, 2018.

(c) For fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, the operating results of our former research and development segment are reported as income (loss) from

discontinued operations, net of tax (as described in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). There were no operating results from
discontinued operations for fiscal years 2021 and 2020.

(d) Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax for fiscal years 2019 and 2018 include a gain on sale of research and development assets before

tax of $1.0 million and $8.0 million, respectively.

(e) On April 12, 2021, we redeemed our outstanding shares of the Series E Preferred Stock at a per share price equal to the $25.00 liquidation amount plus
accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but excluding, the redemption date (as described in Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements).
(f) Net income attributable to common stockholders represents our net income less the Series E Preferred Stock accumulated dividends and impact of the

Series E Preferred Stock redemption. Net loss attributable to common stockholders represents our net loss plus the Series E Preferred Stock
accumulated dividends and impact of the Series E Preferred Stock redemption.

24

 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
   
     
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
 
   
      
      
      
      
  
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The  following  discussion  and  analysis  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  “Item  6—Selected  Financial  Data”  and  our  audited  Consolidated  Financial
Statements and the related notes thereto set forth in “Item 8—Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”. In addition to historical information, this
discussion  and  analysis  contains  forward-looking  statements,  including  statements  regarding  the  anticipated  impact  of  the  ongoing  COVID-19  global
pandemic on our business operations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, those set forth under “Item 1A—Risk Factors” and elsewhere
in this Annual Report.

For discussion related to changes in financial condition and our results of operations for fiscal year 2020 compared to fiscal year 2019, refer to “Part II,
Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended April 30, 2020, which was filed with the SEC on June 30, 2020.

Overview

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture. With 28 years of experience producing monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins, our services include CGMP
clinical and commercial product manufacturing, bulk packaging, release and stability testing and regulatory submissions support. We also provide a variety
of  process  development  services,  including  upstream  and  downstream  development  and  optimization,  analytical  methods  development,  testing  and
characterization.  

Strategic Objectives

We have a growth strategy that seeks to align with the growth of the biopharmaceutical drug substance contract services market. That strategy encompasses
the following objectives:

· Invest in additional manufacturing capacity and resources required for us to achieve our long-term growth strategy and meet the growth-demand of our

customers’ programs, moving from development through to commercial manufacturing;

· Broaden our market awareness through a diversified yet flexible marketing strategy;
· Continue to expand our customer base and programs with existing customers for both process development and manufacturing service offerings;
· Explore strategic opportunities both within our core business as well as in adjacent and/or synergistic service offerings in order to enhance and/or

broaden our capabilities; and

· Increase our operating profit margin to best in class industry standards.

Fiscal Year 2021 Highlights

The following summarizes select highlights from our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021:

·
·
·

Reported revenues of $95.9 million, an increase of 61%, or $36.2 million, compared to fiscal 2020, representing an all-time high;
Reported net income attributable to common stockholders of $3.3 million, or $0.06 per basic and diluted share;
Expanded our customer base and programs with existing customers and ended the year with a backlog of $118 million compared to $65 million at
the end of fiscal 2020;

·  We took several actions to optimize our capital structure in order to support significant capital investment, allowing us to take advantage of

significant positive momentum in the growth of our backlog and strong market growth expectations in our industry, as well as consider expansions
of our service offerings:
o

Completed an underwritten public offering of 3,833,335 shares of our common stock at the public offering price of $9.00 per share,
including 500,000 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares. Net proceeds from
the offering were $32.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering related expenses. We intend
to use these proceeds for the expansion of our manufacturing capabilities;
Issued $143.8 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.250% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a private
offering to qualified institutional buyers, including the $18.8 million issued pursuant to the initial purchasers’ full exercise of their option
to purchase additional principal amount of Convertible Notes. Net proceeds from the issuance of Convertible Notes were $138.5 million,
after deducting initial purchaser discounts and other debt issuance related expenses;
Redeemed our outstanding shares of our Series E Preferred Stock utilizing approximately $40.5 million of net proceeds from the issuance
of the Convertible Notes to complete such redemption.

o

o

·

Continued to advance the two-phased expansion of our Myford Facility as further discussed in the “Facility Expansion” section below.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Facility Expansion

During fiscal year 2021, we announced plans for a two-phased expansion of our Myford Facility. The first phase, which was initiated during the second
quarter of fiscal 2021 and is anticipated to be online during fiscal 2022, expands the production capacity of our existing Myford North facility by adding a
second downstream processing suite. The second phase, which was initiated during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and anticipated to be online during
calendar 2022, is designed to further expand our capacity through the build out of a second manufacturing train, including both upstream and downstream
processing suites within our Myford South facility. We estimate that the total cost to complete these two phases of expansion will be approximately $60 to
$70 million. Upon completion, we estimate that the first and second phases of this expansion will result in a total revenue generating capacity of up to $270
million annually, depending on the mix of projects.

During December 2020, we completed an underwritten public offering of 3,833,335 shares of our common stock at the public offering price of $9.00 per
share, including 500,000 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares. Net proceeds from the offering
were $32.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering related expenses. We are using the net proceeds from the
offering for these expansions.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

In  March  2020,  the  World  Health  Organization  declared  the  novel  coronavirus  (“COVID-19”)  outbreak  a  global  pandemic.  To  date,  the  COVID-19
pandemic has not had a significant impact on our operations, as we have been able to continue to operate our manufacturing facilities and provide essential
services to our customers. Additionally, in an effort to protect the health and safety of our employees and in compliance with state regulations, we have
instituted a work-from-home policy for employees who can perform their job functions offsite, implemented daily temperature checking, social distancing
requirements and other measures to allow manufacturing and other personnel essential to production to continue work within our manufacturing facilities,
and suspended all non-essential employee travel.

The  full  extent  to  which  COVID-19  will  directly  or  indirectly  impact  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations  will  depend  on  future
developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted, including new information that may emerge concerning COVID-19, the actions
taken to contain it or treat its impact and the economic impact on local, regional, national and international markets. We will continue to assess the potential
impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. For a further discussion of potential risks to our business
from the COVID-19 pandemic, see “Part I, Item 1A—Risk Factors” of this Annual Report.

Performance and Financial Measures

In assessing the performance of our business, we consider a variety of performance and financial measures. The key indicators of the financial condition
and operating performance of our business are revenues, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses and operating income.

We intend for this discussion to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in
certain key items in those consolidated financial statements from period to period and the primary factors that accounted for those changes.

Revenues

Revenues are derived from services provided under our customer contracts and are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue
streams.  The  manufacturing  revenue  stream  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  derived  from  mammalian  cell
culture  covering  clinical  through  commercial  manufacturing  runs.  The  process  development  revenue  stream  generally  represents  revenue  from  services
associated with the custom development of a manufacturing process and analytical methods for a customer’s product.

Gross Profit

Gross profit is equal to revenues less cost of revenues. Cost of revenues reflects the direct cost of labor, overhead and material costs. Direct labor costs
include  personnel  costs  within  the  manufacturing,  process  and  analytical  development,  quality  assurance,  quality  control,  validation,  supply  chain  and
facilities functions. Overhead costs include the rent, common area maintenance, utilities, property taxes, security, materials and supplies, software, small
equipment and deprecation costs of all manufacturing and laboratory locations.

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling,  general  and  administrative  (“SG&A”)  expenses  are  composed  of  corporate-level  expenses,  including  personnel  and  support  costs  of  corporate
functions  such  as  executive  management,  finance  and  accounting,  business  development,  legal,  human  resources,  information  technology,  project
management,  and  other  centralized  services.  SG&A  expenses  include  corporate  legal  fees,  audit  and  accounting  fees,  investor  relation  expenses,  non-
employee director fees, corporate facility related expenses, and other expenses relating to our general management, administration, project management,
and business development activities. SG&A expenses are generally not directly proportional to revenues, but we expect such expenses to increase over time
to support the needs of our growing company.

Results of Operations

The following table compares the operating results from our continuing operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross profit

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative
Loss on lease termination
Total operating expenses

Operating income (loss)
Interest and other income, net
Interest expense
Net Income (loss)

Fiscal Year 2021 Compared to Fiscal Year 2020

Revenues

Fiscal Year Ended
April 30,

2021

2020

$ Change

95,868    $
66,561     
29,307     

17,064     
–     
17,064     
12,243     
133     
(1,164)    
11,212    $

59,702    $
55,770     
3,932     

14,517     
355     
14,872     
(10,940)    
482     
(8)    
(10,466)   $

36,166 
10,791 
25,375 

2,547 
(355)
2,192 
23,183 
(349)
(1,156)
21,678 

  $

  $

Revenues were $95.9 million in fiscal 2021, compared to $59.7 million in fiscal 2020, an increase of approximately $36.2 million or 61%. The increase in
revenues can be attributed to a $31.7 million increase in manufacturing revenues primarily due to an increase in the number and scope of manufacturing
runs  completed  or  in-process  during  fiscal  2021  compared  to  fiscal  2020,  combined  with  a  $4.5  million  increase  in  process  development  revenues.  In
addition,  the  fiscal  2021  increase  in  manufacturing  revenues  includes:  (i)  $3.1  million  in  fees  recorded  during  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2021  from  a
customer that had reached its inventory requirements with fewer manufacturing runs than expected, therefore not utilizing all their reserved capacity that
had been scheduled for the third quarter of fiscal 2021, and (ii) the recognition of $1.1 million from changes in estimated variable revenue consideration as
a result of completing performance obligations for certain projects during the second quarter of fiscal 2021, therefore increasing revenue recognized for
those projects during the period. The increase in revenues was attributed to the following components of our revenue streams:

Net increase in manufacturing revenues
Net increase in process development revenues

Total increase in revenues

$ millions

$31.7 
4.5 
$36.2 

Additionally, growth in manufacturing revenues during fiscal 2021 was supplemented by $4.3 million from the completion of certain manufacturing runs
during  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2021  that  had  been  postponed  during  the  second  half  of  fiscal  2020  as  a  result  of  a  previously  disclosed  production
interruption.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
      
      
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross Profit

Gross profit was $29.3 million in fiscal 2021, compared to $3.9 million in fiscal 2020, an increase of approximately $25.4 million, and gross margins for
fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2020 were 31% and 7%, respectively. The increase in gross profit for fiscal 2021 can primarily be attributed to increased revenues,
which includes the aforementioned fees associated with a customer’s unused capacity of $3.1 million and the $1.1 million associated with the change in
variable revenue consideration, partially offset by an increase in payroll related costs and increased facility and equipment related costs. Excluding the $3.1
million fees associated with a customer’s unused capacity and the $1.1 million in additional variable revenue consideration, gross margin for fiscal 2021
was approximately 27%. Additionally, fiscal 2020 gross profit was impacted by certain costs associated with the production interruption described above,
which costs were not incurred during fiscal 2021.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A  expenses  were  $17.1  million  in  fiscal  2021,  compared  to  $14.5  million  in  fiscal  2020,  an  increase  of  approximately  $2.5  million,  or  18%.  As  a
percentage  of  revenue,  SG&A  expenses  for  the  fiscal  years  2021  and  2020  were  18%  and  24%,  respectively.  The  net  increase  in  SG&A  expenses  was
attributed to the following components:

Increase in accrued bonus expense
Increase in stock-based compensation expense
Decrease in separation related expenses
Net decrease in all other SG&A expenses
Total increase in SG&A expenses

Loss on Lease Termination

$ millions

$2.9 
0.9 
(1.1)
(0.2)
$2.5 

In  fiscal  2020,  we  terminated  an  operating  lease  for  one  of  our  non-manufacturing  facilities  that  was  primarily  utilized  for  warehouse  space.  The  lease
termination  was  primarily  driven  by  our  efforts  to  reduce  costs  by  leveraging  available  warehouse  space  in  our  other  facilities.  In  connection  with  the
termination of this lease, we removed the corresponding operating lease right-of-use asset and liability balances from our consolidated balance sheet and
recognized a loss of $0.4 million. Additionally, the lease termination released $0.3 million of restricted cash that was pledged as collateral under a letter of
credit required by the terminated lease.

Operating Income (Loss)

Operating income was $12.2 million for fiscal 2021, compared to an operating loss of $10.9 million for fiscal 2020. This $23.2 million improvement in
year-over-year  operating  income  (loss)  was  attributable  to  a  $25.4  million  increase  in  gross  profit  combined  with  the  absence  of  the  loss  on  lease
termination recognized in fiscal 2020, as discussed above, partially offset by an increase in SG&A expense of $2.5 million.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $1.2 million in fiscal 2021 compared to an inconsequential amount in fiscal 2020. The increase of $1.2 million can be attributed to
interest  expense  related  to  our  outstanding  Convertible  Notes  issued  in  March  2021  (as  described  in  Note  3  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial
Statements).

Discontinued Operations

In  connection  with  the  sale  of  our  PS-targeting  and  r84  technologies  in  fiscal  2018  and  fiscal  2019,  respectively  ,  the  abandonment  of  our  remaining
research  and  development  assets,  and  the  strategic  shift  in  our  corporate  direction  to  focus  solely  on  our  CDMO  business,  the  operating  results  of  our
former research and development segment have been excluded from continuing operations and reported as income from discontinued operations, net of tax,
in  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2019.  There  were  no  operating  results  from  discontinued
operations  during  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2021  and  2020.  For  additional  information  refer  to  Note  11  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial
Statements.

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations are based on our consolidated financial statements, which have
been  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  (“U.S.  GAAP”).  The  preparation  of  our  consolidated
financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related
disclosures. We review our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for our judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that
are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may vary from what we anticipate and different assumptions or estimates about the future could
change our reported results. While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,
we believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the assumptions and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

On  May  1,  2018,  we  adopted  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606),  and  its
subsequent updates (“ASC 606”), to all contracts that had not been completed as of May 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. The cumulative
effect of adopting ASC 606 resulted in a one-time adjustment of $2.7 million to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of May 1, 2018 which is
reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019.

Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we
expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers we perform the following five
steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate
the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.

Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.

Manufacturing revenue

Manufacturing  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  recognized  over  time  utilizing  an  input  method  that
compares  the  cost  of  cumulative  work-in-process  to  date  to  the  most  current  estimates  for  the  entire  cost  of  the  performance  obligation.  Under  a
manufacturing contract, a quantity of manufacturing runs are ordered at a specified scale, where the product is manufactured according to the customer’s
specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains
control of its product during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements,
we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.

Process development revenue

Process  development  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  services  associated  with  the  custom  development  of  a  manufacturing  process  and
analytical  methods  for  a  customer’s  product.  Process  development  revenue  is  recognized  over  time  utilizing  an  input  method  that  compares  the  cost  of
cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract,
the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to
meet its specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make
changes to its process or specifications upon request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element
of profit margin.

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivables, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract
liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the
passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract
liabilities  represent  customer  deposits  and  deferred  revenue  billed  and/or  received  in  advance  of  our  fulfillment  of  performance  obligations.  Contract
liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts generally reflects our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we
are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to our customers. In determining the transaction price, we considered the different sources of
variable consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction
price some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in
the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The
actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.

Management may be required to exercise judgement in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgement is required in identifying performance obligations,
estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, and estimating the progress towards the
satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in
the period that such variances become known.

We apply the practical expedient available under ASC 606 that permits us not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with
an original expected length of one year or less. As of April 30, 2021, we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts greater than one
year.

Stock-based Compensation

We account for stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards granted under our equity compensation plans in accordance with ASC
718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured at the grant
date,  using  a  fair  value  based  method,  such  as  a  Black-Scholes  option  valuation  model,  and  is  recognized  as  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the
requisite service periods, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of restricted stock units is measured at the grant date based on the closing
market  price  of  our  common  stock  on  the  date  of  grant  and  is  recognized  as  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  period  of  vesting.  Forfeitures  are
recognized as a reduction of stock-based compensation expense as they occur. As of April 30, 2021, there were no outstanding stock-based awards with
market or performance conditions.

The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is based
on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual historical
exercise  activity  and  assumptions  regarding  future  exercise  activity  of  unexercised,  outstanding  options.  The  risk-free  interest  rate  is  based  on  U.S.
Treasury notes with terms within the contractual life of the option at the time of grant. The expected dividend yield assumption is based on our expectation
of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying such cash
dividends.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are cash flows from operating activities as well as our cash and cash equivalents on hand.

In addition, during fiscal 2021 we raised additional funds under two separate financing transactions.

During December 2020, we completed an underwritten public offering of 3,833,335 shares of our common stock at the public offering price of $9.00 per
share, including 500,000 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares. Net proceeds realized from the
offering were $32.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering related expenses. We are using the net proceeds
from the offering for the expansion of our Myford Facility.

During March 2021, we issued $143.8 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.250% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a
private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, including the $18.8 million issued pursuant to the initial
purchasers’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional principal amount of Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes accrue interest at a rate of
1.250%  per  annum,  payable  semi-annually  in  arrears  on  March  15  and  September  15  of  each  year,  beginning  on  September  15,  2021.  The  Convertible
Notes mature on March 15, 2026, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased by us or converted at the option of the holders. Net proceeds realized from the
issuance of Convertible Notes were $138.5 million, after deducting initial purchaser discounts and other debt issuance related expenses.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain
financial institutions counterparties. We used $12.8 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes to pay for the cost of the Capped
Calls.  Refer  to  Note  3,  Debt,  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  included  in  this  Annual  Report  for  more  information  related  to  the
Convertible  Notes  and  Capped  Calls.  In  addition,  on  April  12,  2021,  we  used  approximately  $40.5  million  of  the  net  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of
Convertible  Debt  to  redeem  our  outstanding  shares  of  10.50%  Series  E  Convertible  Preferred  Stock.  We  intend  to  use  the  remaining  proceeds  for  the
expansion of our Myford Facility, working capital and other general corporate purposes.

As  of  April  30,  2021,  we  had  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  $169.9  million.  We  believe  that  our  existing  cash  on  hand  and  our  anticipated  cash  from
operating activities will be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Annual Report.

We currently expect to finance our operations with our existing cash on hand and our anticipated cash flows from operations. If cash flows from operations
are not sufficient to support our operations or capital requirements, including our ongoing two phases of expansion to our Myford Facility, then we may
need to obtain additional equity or debt financing to fund our future operations. We may raise these funds at the appropriate time, accessing the form of
capital that we determine is most appropriate considering the markets available to us and their respective costs of capital, such as through the issuance of
debt or through the public offering of securities. These financings may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Our ability to raise additional capital
in the equity and debt markets is dependent on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the market demand for our common stock. The market
demand or liquidity of our common stock is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties including, but not limited to, our financial results, economic and
market conditions, and global financial crises and economic downturns, including those caused by widespread public health crises such as the COVID-19
pandemic, which may cause extreme volatility and disruptions in capital and credit markets. In addition, even if we are able to raise additional capital, it
may not be at a price or on terms that are favorable to us.

The following table presents our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 (in
thousands):

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
_____________

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020

2021

2019

  $
  $
  $
  $

170,265    $
31,182    $
(9,864)   $
112,335    $

36,612    $
5,827    $
(3,812)   $
1,096    $

33,501 
(11,595)
4,544 
(2,863)

(1) As of April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash included $0.4 million, $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, that

was restricted from general use, related to cash that was pledged as collateral under letters of credit under the terms of certain facility lease
agreements.

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

During  fiscal  2021,  net  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  increased  by  $25.4  million  to  $31.2  million  from  $5.8  million  of  net  cash  provided  by
operating activities during fiscal 2020.

Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2021 was a result of net income of $11.2 million, combined with non-cash adjustments to net income
of $8.2 million related to depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation and amortization of debt discount and issuance costs, and cash flows
from the net change in operating assets and liabilities of $11.7 million.

Net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2020 was a result of an $10.5 million net loss, as increased to account for non-cash adjustments to
net loss of $5.6 million primarily related to depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation, and cash flows from the net change in operating
assets and liabilities of $10.7 million.

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

During fiscal 2021, net cash used in investing activities increased by $6.1 million to $9.9 million from $3.8 million of net cash used in investing activities
during fiscal 2020.

Net cash used in investing activities during fiscal years 2021 and 2020 consisted of $9.9 million and $3.8 million, respectively, used to acquire property and
equipment primarily related to our manufacturing and development operations.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

During  fiscal  2021,  net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  increased  by  $111.2  million  to  $112.3  million  from  $1.1  million  of  net  cash  provided  by
financing activities during fiscal 2020.

Net cash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2021 consisted primarily of $138.5 million of net proceeds from the issuance of Convertible Notes,
$32.1 million in net proceeds from the issuance of our common stock pursuant to an underwritten public offering completed in December 2020 and $4.0
million of proceeds from the issuance of common stock under our equity compensation plans, offset by $40.5 million of cash used in connection with the
full redemption of our Series E Preferred Stock, $12.8 million used for the purchase of Capped Calls related to Convertible Notes, $4.5 million used to pay
preferred dividends to holders of our Series E Preferred Stock and $4.4 million used to repay in full a promissory note issued pursuant to the Paycheck
Protection Program.

Net cash provided by financing activities during fiscal 2020 consisted primarily of $4.4 million of loan proceeds received in April 2020 pursuant to the
Paycheck  Protection  Program  (which  loan  was  subsequently  repaid  in  full  in  May  2020,  as  described  in  Note  3  of  the  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial
Statements)  and  $1.1  million  from  the  issuance  of  common  stock  under  our  compensation  plans,  offset  by  $4.3  million  of  cash  used  to  pay  preferred
dividends to holders of our Series E Preferred Stock.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital expenditures were $9.9 million during fiscal 2021, which included laboratory and manufacturing equipment, software and enhancements, and
enhancements to our laboratory and manufacturing facilities. We expect our capital expenditures for fiscal 2022 to be approximately $50 to $60 million,
primarily related to the expansion of our Myford Facility

Contractual Obligations

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of April 30, 2021 (in thousands):

Operating leases (1)
Interest on Convertible Notes (2)
Finance lease (3)
Total contractual obligations

______________

Payments Due by Period

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 years

3-5 years

More than
5 years

  $

  $

31,029    $
9,005     
3,344     
43,378    $

2,995    $
1,817     
334     
5,146    $

6,096    $
3,594     
1,338     
11,028    $

6,421    $
3,594     
1,338     
11,353    $

15,517 
– 
334 
15,851 

(1) Primarily represents future minimum lease payments under our facility operating lease agreements as further described in Note 4 of the Notes to

Consolidated Financial Statements.

(2) The Convertible Notes bear interest at an annual rate of 1.250%, payable semi-annually, in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of year, beginning
on September 15, 2021, as further described in Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The amounts presented assumes the
Convertible Notes are not redeemed or repurchased by us or converted at the option of the holder prior to the maturity date of March 15, 2026.
(3) Represents future minimum lease payments under a lease agreement to finance certain equipment that did not commence as of April 30, 2021. Such
lease shall commence upon the delivery and acceptance of the financed equipment, which is currently expected to occur in the third quarter of fiscal
2022.

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.

As of April 30, 2021, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303 of Regulation S-K, that have or are reasonably likely to
have  a  current  or  future  effect  on  financial  condition,  changes  in  financial  condition,  revenues  or  expenses,  results  of  operations,  liquidity,  capital
expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements applicable to us, please see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 7A.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our cash and cash equivalents are primarily invested in money market funds with one major commercial bank with the primary objective to preserve our
principal  balance.  Our  deposits  held  with  this  bank  exceed  the  amount  of  government  insurance  limits  provided  on  our  deposits  and,  therefore,  we  are
exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial bank holding our cash balances. However, these deposits may be redeemed upon
demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk. In addition, while changes in U.S. interest rates would affect the interest earned on our cash balances at April 30,
2021, such changes would not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, based on historical movements in interest
rates.

Our Convertible Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 1.250% per year and therefore would not be affected by changes in U.S. interest rates.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for each of the three years in the period ended April 30,
2021
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
35
37
38

39
40
41

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Avid  Bioservices,  Inc.  (the  Company)  as  of  April  30,  2021  and  2020,  the  related
consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
April  30,  2021,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at April 30, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (PCAOB),  the  Company's
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  April  30,  2021,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework),  and  our  report  dated  June  29,  2021  expressed  an  unqualified
opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial
statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm  registered  with  the  PCAOB  and  are  required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the
Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the
PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing
procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to
those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the
financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial  statements  that  was  communicated  or
required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2)
involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion
on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion
on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosure to which it relates.

  Estimated costs at completion for projects

Description of the
Matter

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s revenue was $95.9 million for the year ended
April 30, 2021, including manufacturing and process development revenues which are primarily recognized over time utilizing
an input method that compares the cost of cumulative work in process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of
the performance obligation.

Revenue  is  significant  to  our  audit  because  the  revenue  recognition  assessment  process  involves  inherent  uncertainty,  uses
subjective assumptions, and the amounts involved are material to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole. The
subjective assumptions relate to the estimated total costs expected to be incurred for each customer.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
How We Addressed the
Matter in Our Audit

We  obtained  an  understanding,  evaluated  the  design  and  tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of  controls  over  the  Company’s
revenue review process including controls over management’s review of the estimated total costs at completion. For example, we
tested controls over the Company’s development of the total estimated costs and of the review of the significant estimates and
assumptions by management.

To test revenue recognized, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, testing the assumptions and underlying
data used by the Company in its computations and testing the accuracy of the computations. We inspected evidence supporting
the amount of actual costs incurred. We performed corroborative inquiries of individuals outside of the accounting department to
assess  the  reasonableness  of  management’s  estimated  total  costs  to  understand  the  progress  to  date.  We  performed  sensitivity
analyses, including assessing the reasonableness of the estimated total costs to be incurred based on similar completed contracts.
In addition, we performed hindsight analyses of revenues recognized by comparing prior cost estimates to actual costs incurred
to evaluate the historical accuracy of management estimates.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1999.

Irvine, California

June 29, 2021 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par value)

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable
Contract assets
Inventory
Prepaid expenses

Total current assets

Property and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Restricted cash
Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related costs
Contract liabilities
Current portion of operating lease liabilities
Note payable
Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Convertible senior notes, net
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; no shares and 1,648 shares issued and

outstanding at respective dates

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 150,000 shares authorized; 61,069 and 56,483 shares issued and

outstanding at respective dates

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

April 30,
2021

April 30,
2020

169,915    $
18,842   
6,112   
11,871   
1,064   
207,804   
37,455   
18,691   
350   
1,210   
265,510    $

9,257    $
8,794   
50,769   
1,355   
–   
761   
70,936   

96,949   
19,889   
187,774   

–   

61   
637,534   
(559,859)  
77,736   
265,510    $

36,262 
8,606 
3,300 
10,883 
712 
59,763 
27,105 
20,100 
350 
302 
107,620 

5,926 
3,019 
29,120 
1,228 
4,379 
808 
44,480 

– 
21,244 
65,724 

2 

56 
612,909 
(571,071)
41,896 
107,620 

$

$

$

$

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

37

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands, except per share information)

Revenues
Cost of revenues
Gross profit 

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative
Loss on lease termination

Total operating expenses

Operating income (loss)

Interest and other income, net
Interest expense

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax benefit

Income (loss) from continuing operations, net of tax
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
Net income (loss)
Comprehensive income (loss)

Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends
Impact of Series E preferred stock redemption
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Total

Weighted average common shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

Year Ended April 30,
2020

2019

2021

$

$
$

$

$
$
$

$

95,868   
66,561   
29,307   

59,702    $
55,770   
3,932   

17,064   
–   
17,064   

12,243   
133   
(1,164)  
11,212   
–   
11,212   
–   
11,212   
11,212   

(4,455)  
(3,439)  
3,318   

0.06   
–   
0.06   

$
$

$

$
$
$

14,517   
355   
14,872   

(10,940)  
482   
(8)  
(10,466)  
–   
(10,466)  
–   
(10,466)   $
(10,466)   $

(4,686)  
–   
(15,152)   $

(0.27)   $
–    $
(0.27)   $

53,603 
46,379 
7,224 

12,846 
– 
12,846 

(5,622)
293 
(11)
(5,340)
284 
(5,056)
841 
(4,215)
(4,215)

(4,686)
– 
(8,901)

(0.17)
0.01 
(0.16)

55,981 
55,981 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

58,222   
59,426   

56,326   
56,326   

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except per share information)

Balances at April 30, 2018
Series E preferred stock dividends paid

($2.625 per share)

Cumulative-effect adjustment to

accumulated deficit pursuant to adoption of
ASC 606

Common stock issued under equity

compensation plans

Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Balances at April 30, 2019
Series E preferred stock dividends paid
($2.625 per share)
Common stock issued under equity
compensation plans
Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Balances at April 30, 2020
Series E preferred stock dividends paid
($2.705 per share)
Conversion of Series E preferred stock to
common stock
Redemption of Series E preferred stock
Common stock issued, net of issuance costs
of $2,359
Common stock issued under equity
compensation plans
Equity component of convertible senior
notes
Purchase of capped calls related to
convertible senior notes
Stock-based compensation expense
Net income
Balances at April 30, 2021

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Accumulated  
Deficit

Total
Stockholders’  
Equity

1,648 

$

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
1,648 

– 

– 
– 
– 
1,648 

– 
(28)  
(1,620)  

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

$

2 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
2 

– 

– 
– 
– 
2 

– 
–   
(2)  

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

55,689 

$

55 

$

614,810 

$

(559,129)  

$

55,738 

– 

– 

446 
– 
– 
56,135 

– 

348 
– 
– 
56,483 

– 
34   
– 

3,833 

719 

– 

– 
– 
– 
61,069 

$

– 

– 

1 
– 
– 
56 

– 

– 
– 
– 
56 

– 
–   
– 

4 

1 

– 

– 
– 
– 
61 

(4,325)  

– 

(4,325)

– 

2,739 

1,535 
1,595 
– 
613,615 

(4,325)  

1,120 
2,499 
– 
612,909 

(4,455)  
–   
(40,488)  

32,137 

3,983 

42,431 

– 
– 

(4,215)  
(560,605)  

– 

– 
– 

(10,466)  
(571,071)  

– 
–   
– 

– 

– 

– 

(12,837)  
3,854 
– 
637,534 

$

– 
– 
11,212 
(559,859)  

$

$

2,739 

1,536 
1,595 
(4,215)
53,068 

(4,325)

1,120 
2,499 
(10,466)
41,896 

(4,455)
– 
(40,490)

32,141 

3,984 

42,431 

(12,837)
3,854 
11,212 
77,736 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs
Loss on disposal of assets
Gain on sale of research and development assets

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Contract assets
Inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related costs
Contract liabilities
Other accrued expenses and liabilities
Assets and liabilities of discontinued operations

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchase of property and equipment
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
Proceeds from sale of research and development assets
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net of issuance costs
Purchases of capped calls related to convertible senior notes
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under equity compensation plans
(Repayment of) proceeds from note payable
Dividends paid on preferred stock
Redemption of preferred stock
Impact of preferred stock redemption
Principal payments on finance lease

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Interest paid

Supplemental disclosures of non-cash activities:
Unpaid purchases of property and equipment
Decapitalization of right-of-use assets upon lease termination and/or modification  
Property and equipment acquired under finance lease

2021

2020

2019

$

11,212   

$

(10,466)   $

(4,215)

3,453   
3,854   
916   
–   
–   

(10,236)  
(2,812)  
(988)  
(1,260)  
(608)  
5,775   
21,649   
227   
–   
31,182   

(9,864)  
–   
–   
(9,864)  

138,464   
(12,837)  
32,141   
3,984   
(4,379)  
(4,455)  
(37,051)  
(3,439)  
(93)  
112,335   

3,091   
2,499   
–   
13   
–   

(1,232)  
1,027   
(4,326)  
(3)  
802   
(521)  
14,469   
474   
–   
5,827   

(3,812)  
–   
–   
(3,812)  

–   
–   
–   
1,120   
4,379   
(4,325)  
–   
–   
(78)  
1,096   

$

$

$

$
$
$

133,653   
36,612   
170,265   

$

$

3,111    $

33,501   
36,612    $

5   

$

8    $

3,939   
–   
–   

$
$
$

772    $
1,469    $
–    $

2,746 
1,595 
– 
127 
(1,000)

(3,620)
(1,439)
1,701 
(28)
2,125 
976 
(5,371)
(642)
(4,550)
(11,595)

(1,502)
46 
6,000 
4,544 

– 
– 
– 
1,536 
– 
(4,325)
– 
– 
(74)
(2,863)

(9,914)
43,415 
33,501 

11 

318 
– 
245 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

40

 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 – Description of Company and Basis of Presentation

We  are  a  dedicated  contract  development  and  manufacturing  organization  (“CDMO”)  that  provides  a  comprehensive  range  of  services  from  process
development to Current Good Manufacturing Practices (“CGMP”) clinical and commercial manufacturing, focused on biopharmaceutical drug substances
derived from mammalian cell culture for biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies.

Effective January 5, 2018, we changed our name to Avid Bioservices, Inc. in connection with our transition to a dedicated CDMO and the discontinuation
of our research and development activities. For the fiscal 2019 period presented, the operating results of our former research and development segment
have  been  excluded  from  continuing  operations  and  reported  as  income  from  discontinued  operations,  net  of  tax,  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of
Operations and Comprehensive Loss. For additional information on the discontinuation of our research and development segment, refer to Note 11, Sale of
Research and Development Assets. Except where specifically noted or the context otherwise requires, references to “Avid,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,”
and “our,” in this Annual Report refer to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation and Preparation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”)
and include the accounts of Avid Bioservices, Inc. and our subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions among the consolidated entities have
been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

The  preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  GAAP  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that
affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management’s estimates are based on historical information
available  as  of  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  on  various  other  assumptions  that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  the
circumstances. Accounting estimates and judgements are inherently uncertain and actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Segment Reporting

Our business operates in one operating segment. Accordingly, we reported our financial results for one reportable segment. All our identifiable assets are in
the United States.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We  consider  all  short-term  investments  readily  convertible  to  cash,  without  notice  or  penalty,  with  an  initial  maturity  of  90  days  or  less  to  be  cash
equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Under the terms of an operating lease related to one of our facilities (Note 4), we are required to maintain a letter of credit as collateral. Accordingly, at
April 30, 2021 and 2020, restricted cash of $0.4 million was pledged as collateral under the letter of credit.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the
total of the same amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

Revenue Recognition

2021

As of April 30,
2020

$

$

169,915   
350   
170,265   

$

$

36,262    $
350   
36,612    $

2019

32,351 
1,150 
33,501 

On  May  1,  2018,  we  adopted  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  No.  2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606),  and  its
subsequent updates (“ASC 606”), to all contracts that had not been completed as of May 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. The cumulative
effect of adopting ASC 606 resulted in a one-time adjustment of $2.7 million to the opening balance of accumulated deficit as of May 1, 2018 which is
reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019.

Under ASC 606, we recognize revenue when we transfer promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we
expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, we perform the following five
steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate
the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) we satisfy a performance obligation.

Revenue recognized from services provided under our customer contracts are disaggregated into manufacturing and process development revenue streams.

Manufacturing revenue

Manufacturing  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  the  manufacturing  of  customer  products  recognized  over  time  utilizing  an  input  method  that
compares  the  cost  of  cumulative  work-in-process  to  date  to  the  most  current  estimates  for  the  entire  cost  of  the  performance  obligation.  Under  a
manufacturing contract, a quantity of manufacturing runs are ordered at a specified scale, where the product is manufactured according to the customer’s
specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each manufacturing run represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The products are manufactured exclusively for a specific customer and have no alternative use. The customer retains
control of its product during the entire manufacturing process and can make changes to the process or specifications at its request. Under these agreements,
we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element of profit margin.

Process development revenue

Process  development  revenue  generally  represents  revenue  from  services  associated  with  the  custom  development  of  a  manufacturing  process  and
analytical  methods  for  a  customer’s  product.  Process  development  revenue  is  recognized  over  time  utilizing  an  input  method  that  compares  the  cost  of
cumulative work-in-process to date to the most current estimates for the entire cost of the performance obligation. Under a process development contract,
the customer owns the product details and process, which has no alternative use. These process development projects are customized to each customer to
meet its specifications and typically includes only one performance obligation. Each process represents a distinct service that is sold separately and has
stand-alone value to the customer. The customer also retains control of its product as the product is being created or enhanced by our services and can make
changes to its process or specifications upon request. Under these agreements, we are entitled to consideration for progress to date that includes an element
of profit margin.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table summarizes our manufacturing and process development revenue streams (in thousands):

Manufacturing revenues
Process development revenues
  Total revenues

2021

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020

2019

$

$

83,678   
12,190   
95,868   

$

$

52,046    $
7,656   
59,702    $

43,432 
10,171 
53,603 

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, contract assets (unbilled receivables), and contract
liabilities (customer deposits and deferred revenue). Contract assets are recorded when our right to consideration is conditioned on something other than the
passage of time. Contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheet when our rights become unconditional. Contract
liabilities  represent  customer  deposits  and  deferred  revenue  billed  and/or  received  in  advance  of  our  fulfillment  of  performance  obligations.  Contract
liabilities convert to revenue as we perform our obligations under the contract.

During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, we recognized revenue of $27.3 million and $13.6 million, respectively, for which the contract
liability was recorded in a prior period.

The transaction price for services provided under our customer contracts generally reflects our best estimates of the amount of consideration to which we
are entitled in exchange for providing goods and services to our customers. In determining the transaction price, we considered the different sources of
variable consideration including, but not limited to, discounts, credits, refunds, price concessions or other similar items. We have included in the transaction
price some or all of an amount of variable consideration, utilizing the most likely method, only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in
the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The
actual amount of consideration ultimately received may differ.

Management may be required to exercise judgement in estimating revenue to be recognized. Judgement is required in identifying performance obligations,
estimating the transaction price, estimating the stand-alone selling prices of identified performance obligations, and estimating the progress towards the
satisfaction of performance obligations. If actual results in the future vary from our estimates, the estimates will be adjusted, which will affect revenues in
the period that such variances become known.

Changes in estimates for variable consideration resulted in an increase in revenues of $1.1 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 and a decrease in
revenues of $1.5 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020. There were no material adjustments in estimates for variable consideration for the fiscal
year ended April 30, 2019.

We apply the practical expedient available under ASC 606 that permits us not to disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with
an original expected length of one year or less. As of April 30, 2021, we do not have any unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts greater than one
year.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable generally represent amounts billed services provided under our customer contracts and are recorded at the invoiced amount net of an
allowance for doubtful accounts, if necessary. We apply judgment in assessing the ultimate realization of our receivables and we estimate an allowance for
doubtful accounts based on various factors, such as the aging of our receivables, historical experience, and the financial condition of our customers. Based
on our analysis of our accounts receivable balances as of April 30, 2021 and 2020, we determined no allowance for doubtful accounts was necessary.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Concentrations of Credit Risk and Customer Base

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to a significant concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and
contract assets. We maintain our cash balances primarily with two major commercial banks and our deposits held with each bank exceed the amount of
government insurance limits provided on our deposits. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the major commercial banks holding our
cash balances to the extent of the cash amounts recorded on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets exceed the amount of government insurance
limits provided on our deposits.

Our  accounts  receivable  from  amounts  billed  for  services  provided  under  customer  contracts  are  derived  from  a  small  customer  base.  Most  contracts
require up-front payments and installment payments during the service period. We perform periodic evaluations of the financial condition of our customers
and generally do not require collateral, but we can terminate any contract if a material default occurs. At April 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 98% of
our accounts receivable were due from six customers. Our contract assets are reclassified to accounts receivable when our rights to consideration become
unconditional. At April 30, 2021 and 2020, approximately 97% and 96%, respectively, of our contract assets were attributable to six customers.

Our revenues are derived from a small customer base. Historically, these customers have not entered into long-term contracts because their need for drug
supply depends on a variety of factors, including a product’s stage of development, the timing of regulatory filings and approvals, the product needs of their
collaborators, if applicable, their financial resources and the market demand with respect to a commercial product.

The table below identifies each of our customers that accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues during any of the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021,
2020 and 2019:

Customer

Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc.
Gilead Sciences, Inc.
IGM Biosciences, Inc.
Acumen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Coherus BioSciences, Inc.
ADC Therapeutics America Inc.

______________

Geographic
Location

U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.
U.S.

2021

51%
16
*
*
*
*

2020

28%
24
11
11
10
*

2019

30%
–
*
*
13
21

*         Represents a percentage less than 10% of our total revenues.

We attribute revenue to the individual countries where the customer is headquartered. Revenues derived from U.S. based customers were approximately
100%, 99% and 95% for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Leases

On  May  1,  2019,  we  adopted  ASU  No.  2016-02,  Leases  (Topic  842),  and  its  related  amendments  (codified  as  “ASC  842”),  which  requires  lessees  to
recognize  right-of-use  assets  and  corresponding  lease  liabilities  for  all  leases  with  a  lease  term  greater  than  one  year.  We  adopted  ASC  842  using  the
modified  retrospective  approach.  Accordingly,  results  for  reporting  periods  after  May  1,  2019  are  presented  in  accordance  with  ASC  842,  while  prior
period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historical accounting under ASC 840.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. Our operating leases with a term greater than one year are included in operating lease
right-of-use  (ROU)  assets,  operating  lease  liabilities  and  operating  lease  liabilities,  less  current  portion  in  our  consolidated  balance  sheets.  ROU  assets
represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the
lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date, based on the present value of lease payments over the
lease term. In determining the net present value of lease payments, we use our incremental borrowing rate which represents an estimated rate of interest that
we would have to pay to borrow equivalent funds on a collateralized basis at the lease commencement date.

Our operating leases may include options to extend the lease which are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise a
renewal option. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. We have elected not to apply the recognition
requirements of ASC 842 for short-term leases. We have also elected the practical expedient to not separate lease components from non-lease components.

Inventory

Inventory consists of raw materials inventory and is valued at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. We
periodically review raw materials inventory for potential impairment and adjust inventory to its net realizable value based on the estimate of future use and
reduce the carrying value of inventory as deemed necessary.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives of the related asset, which are generally as follows:

Description
Leasehold improvements
Laboratory and manufacturing equipment
Computer equipment and software
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment

Estimated Useful Life
Shorter of estimated useful life or lease term
5 – 10 years
3 – 5 years
5 – 10 years

Construction-in-progress, which represents direct costs related to the construction of various equipment and leasehold improvements primarily associated
with  our  manufacturing  facilities,  is  not  depreciated  until  the  asset  is  completed  and  placed  into  service.  No  interest  was  incurred  or  capitalized  as
construction-in-progress as of April 30, 2021 and 2020. All of our property and equipment are located in the U.S. Property and equipment consist of the
following (in thousands):

Leasehold improvements
Laboratory and manufacturing equipment
Computer equipment and software
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment
Construction-in-progress

Total property and equipment, gross

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

Total property and equipment, net

April 30,

2021

2020

23,000    $
20,793   
5,541   
843   
8,372   
58,549   
(21,094)  
37,455    $

21,130 
15,033 
5,334 
685 
2,564 
44,746 
(17,641)
27,105 

$

$

Depreciation  and  amortization  expense  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2021,  2020  and  2019  was  $3.5  million,  $3.1  million  and  $2.7  million,
respectively.

Capitalized Software Implementation Costs

We  capitalize  certain  implementation  costs  incurred  under  a  cloud  computing  hosting  arrangement.  Costs  incurred  during  the  application  development
stage related to the implementation of the hosting arrangement are capitalized and included within other assets on the accompanying Consolidated Balance
Sheets. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated hosting arrangement when it
is ready of its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred. As of April 30, 2021,
we had capitalized software implementation costs of $0.9 million. We did not have any capitalized implementation software costs as of April 30, 2020.

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Impairment

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with authoritative guidance for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets. Long-lived assets
are  reviewed  for  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  indicate  that  their  carrying  value  may  not  be  recoverable.  If  such  events  or  changes  in
circumstances arise, we compare the carrying amount of the long-lived assets to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by
the long-lived assets. If the long-lived assets are determined to be impaired, any excess of the carrying value of the long-lived assets over its estimated fair
value is recognized as an impairment loss. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, there were no indicators of impairment of the value of our
long-lived assets and no cumulative impairment losses were recognized as of April 30, 2021.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The  carrying  amounts  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  for  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  restricted  cash,  accounts  receivable,  accounts
payable, accrued liabilities and note payable approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at
the measurement date. The guidance prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into the following hierarchy:

·
·

·

Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as assets or liabilities whose values are based on quoted market prices
in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and significant to the overall fair value measurement of the assets or
liabilities; therefore requiring the company to develop its own valuation techniques and assumptions.

As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, we do not have any Level 2 or Level 3 financial assets or liabilities and our cash equivalents of $158.8 million and $27.6
million, respectively, are invested in money market funds with two major commercial banks, are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices for
identical  securities  (Level  1  inputs).  In  addition,  the  outstanding  principal  amount  of  our  convertible  senior  notes  of  $143.8  million  approximates  its
estimated fair value at April 30, 2021 given the short period of time between the issuance of such notes in March 2021 (Note 3) and our fiscal year ended
April 30, 2021. We had no convertible senior notes outstanding as of April 30, 2020.

Stock-Based Compensation

We account for stock options, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards granted under our equity compensation plans in accordance with ASC
718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. The estimated fair value of stock options granted to employees in exchange for services is measured at the grant
date,  using  a  fair  value  based  method,  such  as  a  Black-Scholes  option  valuation  model,  and  is  recognized  as  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the
requisite service periods. The fair value of restricted stock units is measured at the grant date based on the closing market price of our common stock on the
date  of  grant  and  is  recognized  as  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  period  of  vesting.  Forfeitures  are  recognized  as  a  reduction  of  stock-based
compensation expense as they occur. As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, there were no outstanding stock-based awards with market or performance conditions.

Debt Discount and Issuance Costs

Debt  discount  and  issuance  costs  related  to  convertible  senior  notes  are  recorded  as  deductions  that  net  against  the  principal  value  of  the  debt  and  are
amortized to interest expense over the contractual term of the debt using the effective interest method (Note 3).

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Income Taxes

We  utilize  the  liability  method  of  accounting  for  income  taxes  in  accordance  with  ASC  740,  Income Taxes  (“ASC  740”).  Under  the  liability  method,
deferred taxes are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted
tax  rates  in  effect  for  the  year  in  which  those  temporary  differences  are  expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled.  A  valuation  allowance  is  provided  for  the
amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  that,  based  on  available  evidence,  are  not  expected  to  be  realized  (Note  7).  In  addition,  we  recognize  the  impact  of  an
uncertain tax position only when it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. We are required to file
federal and state income tax returns in various jurisdictions. The preparation of these returns requires us to interpret the applicable tax laws in effect in such
jurisdictions, which could affect the amount paid by us.

The  income  tax  benefit  recognized  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and  Comprehensive  Income  (Loss)  for  the  year  ended
April 30, 2019 resulted from the “Intraperiod Tax Allocation” rules under ASC 740, which requires the allocation of an entity’s total annual income tax
provision among continuing operations and, in our case, discontinued operations. Accordingly, a tax benefit was recorded in continuing operations with an
offsetting tax expense recorded in discontinued operations (Note 11).

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive  income  (loss)  is  the  change  in  equity  during  a  period  from  transactions  and  other  events  and  circumstances  from  non-owner  sources.
Comprehensive income (loss) is equal to our net income (loss) for all periods presented.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In  August  2018,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  (“FASB”)  issued  ASU  No.  2018-13,  Fair  Value  Measurement  (Topic  820):  Disclosure
Framework—Changes  to  the  Disclosure  Requirements  for  Fair  Value  Measurement  (“ASU  2018-13”),  which  eliminates,  adds  and  modifies  certain
disclosure requirements of fair value measurements. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1
and  Level  2  of  the  fair  value  hierarchy,  but  public  companies  will  be  required  to  disclose  the  range  and  weighted  average  used  to  develop  significant
unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after
December  15,  2019.  We  adopted  ASU  2018-13  on  May  1,  2020  and  the  adoption  of  this  standard  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  our  consolidated
financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and other Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for
Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (“ASU 2018-15”). The new guidance aligns the requirement
for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirement for capitalizing implementation costs
incurred to develop or obtain internal-use-software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). ASU 2018-15 is effective for
fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. We adopted ASU 2018-15 on May 1, 2020 on a prospective basis.
Accordingly,  we  capitalize  certain  implementation  costs  incurred  in  a  cloud  computing  arrangement  that  is  a  service  contract  and  are  included  in  other
assets  in  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  Such  capitalized  costs  will  be  amortized  over  the  term  of  the  hosting  arrangement,  commencing  when  the
capitalized asset is ready for its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post-implementation activities are expensed as incurred.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In  June  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-13,  Financial  Instruments  –  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit  Losses  of  Financial
Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”). The standard changes the methodology for measuring credit losses on financial instruments and the timing of when such
losses  are  recorded.  As  a  smaller  reporting  company  as  defined  by  the  SEC,  ASU  2016-13  and  its  subsequent  updates  are  effective  for  fiscal  years
beginning after December 15, 2022, which will be our fiscal year 2024 beginning May 1, 2023; however, early adoption is permitted. We are currently
evaluating the timing and impact the adoption of this standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which
simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and improving consistent application in certain areas of Topic 740. ASU 2019-
12 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2020, which will be our fiscal year 2022 beginning
May  1,  2021.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  We  are  currently  evaluating  the  impact  the  adoption  of  this  standard  will  have  on  our  consolidated  financial
statements and related disclosures.

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with Conversion and other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts
in  Entity’s  Own  Equity  (Subtopic  815-40):  Accounting  for  Convertible  Instruments  and  Contracts  in  an  Entity’s  Own  Equity  (“ASU  2020-06”).  The
amendments in this ASU will eliminate the beneficial conversion and cash conversion accounting models for convertible instruments, as well as, amend the
accounting for certain contracts in an entity’s own equity that are currently accounted for as derivatives because of specific settlement provisions. The ASU
will also modify how particular convertible instruments and certain contracts that may be settled in cash or shares impact the diluted earnings per share
calculation.  As  a  smaller  reporting  company  as  defined  by  the  SEC,  ASU  2020-06  is  effective  for  fiscal  years,  and  interim  periods  within  those  years,
beginning after December 15, 2023, which will be our fiscal year 2025 beginning May 1, 2024. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years
beginning  after  December  15,  2020.  We  are  currently  planning  to  early  adopt  ASU  2020-06  during  the  first  quarter  of  our  fiscal  year  2022  using  the
modified retrospective method, and based on our preliminary analysis, we expect we will reclass the carrying amount of the bifurcated equity component,
or debt discount, to the carrying amount of our convertible senior notes (Note 3). In addition, upon adoption, we expect to no longer be required to amortize
debt discount to interest expense over the contractual term of our convertible senior notes.

Note 3 – Debt

Note Payable

On April 17, 2020, we entered into a promissory note (the “Note”) with City National Bank, the lender, evidencing an unsecured loan pursuant to the U.S.
Small Business Administration (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 (the
“CARES  Act”)  of  approximately  $4.4  million  (the  “PPP  Loan”).  We  applied  for  and  received  the  PPP  Loan  pursuant  to  the  then  published  PPP
qualification and certification requirements.

On  April  23,  2020,  the  SBA,  in  consultation  with  the  Department  of  Treasury,  issued  new  guidance  that  created  uncertainty  regarding  the  qualification
requirements for a PPP Loan (the “New Guidance”). In light of the New Guidance, we determined it appropriate to pay off the entire amount of the PPP
Loan. Accordingly, on May 12, 2020, we paid off in full the principal and interest on the PPP Loan, resulting in the termination of the Note.

Convertible Senior Notes

On March 12, 2021, Avid SPV, LLC (the “Issuer”), a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of Avid Bioservices, Inc. (the “Company”), issued $143.8 million in
aggregate  principal  amount  of  1.250%  exchangeable  senior  notes  due  2026  (“Convertible  Notes”)  in  a  private  offering  to  qualified  institutional  buyers
pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, which aggregate principal amount included the $18.8 million issued pursuant to the initial purchasers’ full
exercise of their option to purchase additional principal amount of Convertible Notes. The net proceeds we received from the issuance of Convertible Notes
was $138.5 million, after deducting initial purchaser discounts and other debt issuance related expenses of $5.3 million.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The  Convertible  Notes  are  governed  by  an  indenture  dated  March  12,  2021  (as  subsequently  amended  or  supplemented,  the  “Indenture”)  between  the
Issuer,  the  Company  and  U.S.  Bank  National  Association,  as  trustee  (the  “Trustee”).  On  April  30,  2021,  the  Company  and  the  Issuer  entered  into  an
Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Issuer was merged with and into the Company effective
April 30, 2021, with the Company as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”). In connection with the Merger, on April 30, 2021, the Company, the Issuer
and the Trustee, entered into a first supplemental indenture, pursuant to which the Company agreed to assume all obligations under the Indenture, along
with the Convertible Notes issued thereunder, and was discharged from its guarantor obligations under the guarantee set forth in the Indenture.

The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations and accrue interest at a rate of 1.250% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15
and  September  15  of  each  year,  beginning  on  September  15,  2021.  The  Convertible  Notes  mature  on  March  15,  2026,  unless  earlier  redeemed  or
repurchased by us or converted at the option of the holders. The Convertible Notes are convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination
of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election in the manner and subject to the terms and conditions provided in the Indenture.

The initial conversion rate for the Convertible Notes is approximately 47.1403 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount, which represents
an initial conversion price of approximately $21.21 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate is subject to adjustments upon the occurrence of
certain events in accordance with the terms of the Indenture. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, we will, in
certain  circumstances,  increase  the  conversion  rate  for  a  holder  who  elects  to  convert  their  Convertible  Notes  in  connection  with  such  a  fundamental
change, as defined in the Indenture.

Holders  of  the  Convertible  Notes  may  convert  their  Convertible  Notes  at  their  option  at  any  time  prior  to  the  close  of  business  on  the  business  day
immediately  preceding  September  15,  2025,  only  under  the  following  circumstances:  (1)  During  any  fiscal  quarter  commencing  after  the  fiscal  quarter
ending July 31, 2021, if the last reported sale price of our common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive
trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion
price on each applicable trading day; (2) During the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in
which the trading price (as defined in the Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period
was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the exchange rate on each such trading day; (3) If we call any or
all  of  the  Convertible  Notes  for  redemption,  at  any  time  prior  to  the  close  of  business  on  the  second  scheduled  trading  day  immediately  preceding  the
redemption date; and (4) Upon the occurrence of specified corporate events as described in the Indenture.

On or after September 15, 2025 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders at their
option may convert their Convertible Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to March 20, 2024. On or after March 20, 2024, the Convertible Notes are redeemable for cash, whole or
in part, at our option, if the last reported sale price of our common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading
days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the
trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide notice of redemption at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount to be
redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.

If we undergo a fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture), holder may require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their Convertible Notes
at  a  fundamental  change  repurchase  price  equal  to  100%  of  the  principal  amount  of  the  Convertible  Notes  to  be  repurchased,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid
interest to, but excluding the redemption date.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Indenture contains customary terms and covenants, including that upon certain events of default occurring and continuing, the trustee or the holders of
at least 25% in aggregate principle amount of the outstanding Convertible Notes may declare the entire principal of all the Convertible Notes plus accrued
and unpaid interest to be immediately due and payable.

In accordance with accounting guidance for debt with conversion and other options, we separated the Convertible Notes into debt and equity components.
The carrying amount of the debt component on the date of the issuance was $99.7 million and was determined based on a binomial lattice model, which
yielded an effective discount rate of 8.78% and was derived with the assistance of a third party valuation. The equity component was allocated a value of
$44.1 million, representing the difference between the par value of the Convertible Notes and the fair value of the debt component. The equity component
is  not  remeasured  as  long  as  it  continues  to  meet  the  conditions  for  equity  classification,  and  the  equity  component  was  recorded  as  additional  paid-in
capital within stockholders’ equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at April 30, 2021. The difference between the principal amount of the Convertible
Notes and the debt component, or the debt discount, is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the
Convertible Notes. The debt component is classified as a long-term liability as of April 30, 2021.

In  accounting  for  the  issuance  costs  related  to  the  Convertible  Notes,  we  allocated  the  total  amount  incurred  to  the  debt  and  equity  components  of  the
Convertible Notes based on their relative values. Issuance costs attributable to the debt component were $3.7 million and are being amortized to interest
expense using the effective interest method over the contractual term of the Convertible Notes. Issuance costs attributable to the equity component were
$1.6 million and were netted with the equity component in additional paid-in capital.

The net carrying amount of the debt component of the Convertible Notes is as follows (in thousands):

Principal
Unamortized debt discount
Unamortized issuance costs
Net carrying amount

The net carrying amount of the equity component of the Convertible Notes is as follows (in thousands):

Equity component (debt discount)
Issuance costs
Net carrying amount

Interest expense recognized related to the Convertible Notes is as follows (in thousands):

Contractual interest expense
Amortization of debt discount
Amortization of issuance costs
Total interest expense

.

50

April 30, 2021

143,750 
(43,189)
(3,612)
96,949 

April 30, 2021

44,051 
(1,620)
42,431 

Year Ended
April 30, 2021

245 
862 
54 
1,161 

$

$

$

$

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Capped Call Transactions

In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Calls”) with certain
financial institution counterparties (the “Option Counterparties”). We used $12.8 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes to
pay the cost of the Capped Calls. The Capped Calls cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of our common
stock that initially underlie the Convertible Notes, and are generally expected to reduce the potential dilution of our common stock upon any conversion of
the Convertible Notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap, based on the cap price of the Capped Calls. The cap share
price of the Capped Calls is approximately $28.02 per share, which represents a premium of 75% over the last reported sale price of our common stock on
March 9, 2021 and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Calls. However, there would nevertheless be dilution upon conversion of
the Convertible Notes to the extent that such market price exceeds the capped share price as measured under the terms of the Capped Calls.

We evaluated the Capped Calls under ASC 815-10 and determined that it should be accounted for as a separate transaction from the Convertible Notes and
that  the  Capped  Calls  met  the  criteria  for  equity  classification.  Therefore,  the  cost  of  $12.8  million  to  purchase  the  Capped  Calls  were  recorded  as  a
reduction to additional paid-in capital in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at April 30, 2021. The Capped Calls will not be subsequently remeasured as long
as the conditions for equity classification continue to be met.

Note 4 – Leases

We  currently  lease  office,  manufacturing,  laboratory  and  warehouse  space  in  four  buildings  under  three  separate  non-cancellable  operating  lease
agreements.  Our  leased  facilities  are  located  in  close  proximity  in  Tustin,  California,  have  original  lease  terms  ranging  from  7  to  12  years,  contain  two
multi-year  renewal  options,  and  scheduled  rent  increases  of  3%  on  either  an  annual  or  biennial  basis.  A  multi-year  renewal  option  was  included  in
determining the ROU asset and lease liability for two of our leases, as we considered it reasonably certain that we would exercise such renewal options. In
addition,  two  of  our  leases  provide  for  periods  of  free  rent,  lessor  improvements  and  tenant  improvement  allowances,  of  which  certain  of  these
improvements have been classified as leasehold improvements and are being amortized over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the improvements or
the remaining life of the lease. The operating lease ROU assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021
and 2020 primarily relate to these facility leases.

In  September  2019,  we  terminated  an  operating  lease  for  one  of  our  non-manufacturing  facilities  that  was  primarily  utilized  for  warehouse  space.  In
connection with the termination of this lease, we removed the corresponding operating lease right-of-use asset and liability balances from our Consolidated
Balance Sheet and recognized a loss of $0.4 million, which amount is included in loss on lease termination in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2020.

Certain of our facility leases require us to pay property taxes, insurance and common area maintenance. While these payments are not included as part of
our lease liabilities, they are recognized as variable lease cost in the period they are incurred.

The components of lease cost for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, were as follows (in thousands):

Operating lease cost
Variable lease cost
Short-term lease cost
Total lease cost

April 30,

2021

2020

3,151    $
676   
388   
4,215    $

3,339 
603 
171 
4,113 

$

$

Operating lease expense under the prior lease standard was $2.9 million for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Supplemental consolidated balance sheet and other information related to our operating leases as of April 30, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands,
expect weighted average data):

Assets

Operating lease ROU assets

Liabilities

Current portion of operating lease liabilities
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion

Total operating lease liabilities

Weighted average remaining lease term
Weighted average discount rate

April 30,

2021

2020

$

$

$

18,691    $

20,100 

1,355    $
19,889   
21,244    $

9.6 years   
8.0%   

1,228 
21,244 
22,472 
10.5 years 
8.0% 

Cash  paid  for  amounts  included  in  the  measurement  of  lease  liabilities  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2021  and  2020  was  $3.0  million  and  $3.1
million, respectively, and is included in net cash used in operating activities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

As of April 30, 2021, the maturities of our operating lease liabilities, which includes those derived from lease renewal options that we considered it
reasonably certain that we would exercise, were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter
Total lease payments
Less: imputed interest
Total operating lease liabilities

52

Total

2,995 
3,010 
3,086 
3,171 
3,250 
15,517 
31,029 
(9,785)
21,244 

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 5 – Stockholders’ Equity

Series E Preferred Stock Redemption and Dividends

On February 12, 2014, we filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Designations of Rights and Preferences (the “Certificate
of  Designations”)  to  designate  the  10.50%  Series  E  Convertible  Preferred  Stock  (the  “Series  E  Preferred  Stock”).  The  Certificate  of  Designations
designated 2,000,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock out of our 5,000,000 shares of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock. We classified the
Series E Preferred Stock as permanent equity in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 and prior to the redemption discussed below, holders of our Series E Preferred Stock converted an aggregate of
28,168 shares of Series E Preferred Stock into 33,514 shares of our common stock determined by dividing the liquidation amount of $25.00 per share by
the conversion price of $21.00 per share, rounded down to the nearest whole number.

On April 12, 2021 (the “Redemption Date”), we redeemed all then current remaining outstanding shares of our Series E Preferred Stock at a per share price
equal to the $25.00 liquidation amount plus accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but excluding, the Redemption Date. In connection with the completed
redemption, we incurred a charge of $3.4 million related to the excess of the redemption value paid upon redemption over the carrying value of our Series
E Preferred Stock which is included in impact of preferred stock redemption in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
(Loss) for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021. As a result of the completed redemption, our Series E Preferred Stock is no longer issued and outstanding.

Holders of our Series E Preferred Stock were entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate of 10.50% per annum based on the liquidation preference
of $25.00 per share, or $2.625 per annum per share, and were payable quarterly in cash, on or about the first day of each January, April, July, and October.
In addition, in April 2021, accrued and unpaid dividends of $0.08021 per share was paid to holders of Series E Preferred Stock in connection with the
redemption of our Series E Preferred Stock discussed above. For the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019, we paid aggregate cash dividends of
$4.5 million, $4.3 million and $4.3 million, respectively.

Sale of Common Stock

In December 2020, we completed an underwritten public offering pursuant to which we sold 3,833,335 shares of our common stock at the public offering
price  of  $9.00  per  share,  including  500,000  shares  sold  pursuant  to  the  underwriters’  full  exercise  of  their  option  to  purchase  additional  shares.  The
aggregate gross proceeds we received from the public offering were $34.5 million, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other
offering related expenses of $2.4 million.

During the fiscal years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019, we had no offerings of our common stock.

Warrants

As of April 30, 2021 and 2020, we had no warrants issued or outstanding.

Shares of Common Stock Authorized and Reserved for Future Issuance

As of April 30, 2021, 61,068,579 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding.

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our common stock outstanding as of April 30, 2021 excluded the following shares of common stock reserved for future issuance (in thousands):

Stock Incentive Plans
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Conversion of Convertible Senior Notes
Total common stock reserved for future issuance

Note 6 – Equity Compensation Plans

Stock Incentive Plans

Shares

6,290 
1,076 
6,776 
14,142 

The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”) is a stockholder-approved plan, which provides, among other things, the ability
for us to grant stock options, restricted stock units and other forms of stock-based awards. The 2018 Plan replaced our 2009, 2010 and 2011 Stock Incentive
Plans (the “Prior Plans”). However, any awards outstanding under the Prior Plans as of the 2018 Plan’s effective date continue to remain subject to and be
paid  under  the  applicable  Prior  Plan,  and  any  shares  subject  to  outstanding  awards  under  the  Prior  Plans  that  subsequently  expire,  terminate,  or  are
surrendered or forfeited for any reason without issuance of shares automatically become available for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

In  addition,  we  currently  maintain  three  expired  stock  incentive  plans  referred  to  as  the  2005,  2003  and  2002  Stock  Incentive  Plans  (collectively,  the
“Expired Plans”). No future grants of stock-based awards can be issued from the Expired Plans, however, all outstanding awards granted under the Expired
Plans will remain subject to the terms of the Expired Plans until they are exercised, canceled or expired.

The  2018  Plan,  the  Prior  Plans,  and  the  Expired  Plans  are  collectively  referred  to  as  the  “Stock  Plans”.  As  of  April  30,  2021,  we  had  an  aggregate  of
6,289,557 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the Stock Plans, of which 3,689,364 shares were subject to outstanding stock options
and restricted stock units and 2,600,193 shares were available for future grants of stock-based awards.

Stock Options

Stock options granted under our Stock Plans are granted at an exercise price not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant.
Stock option grants to employees generally vest in equal annual installments over a four-year period from the date of grant and stock option grants to non-
employee directors generally vest over a period of one to three years from the date of grant. Stock options granted under the 2018 Plan have a contractual
term of seven years; however, the maximum contractual term of any stock option granted under the Stock Plans is ten years.

The estimated fair value of stock options is measured at the grant date, using a fair value based method, such as a Black-Scholes option valuation model,
and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting
period. The use of a valuation model requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions with respect to selected model inputs. The expected volatility is
based on the daily historical volatility of our common stock covering the estimated expected term. The expected term of options granted reflects actual
historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on
U.S.  Treasury  notes  with  terms  within  the  contractual  life  of  the  option  at  the  time  of  grant.  The  expected  dividend  yield  assumption  is  based  on  our
expectation of future dividend payouts. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and currently do not anticipate paying
such cash dividends.

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The fair value of stock options on the date of grant and the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the stock options using the
Black-Scholes option valuation model were as follows:

Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield

2021
0.32%
4.69
81.42%
–

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020
1.86%
5.06
77.45%
–

2019
2.81%
5.57
76.56%
–

The following summarizes our stock option transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021:

Outstanding at May 1, 2020
Granted
Exercised
Canceled or expired
Outstanding at April 30, 2021
Vested and expected to vest
Exercisable at April 30, 2021

______________

Grant Date
Weighted
Average Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (in years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(1)
(in thousands)

Stock Options
(in thousands)

2,896   
914   
(559)  
(121)  
3,130   
3,130   
1,458   

$
$
$
$
$
$
$

6.20   
7.68   
6.39   
7.23   
6.56   
6.56   
6.46   

5.41    $
5.41    $
4.75    $

46,452 
46,452 
21,787 

(1) Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the exercise price of an option and the closing market price of our common stock on

April 30, 2021, which was $21.41 per share.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $4.74, $3.74 and $3.30 per
share, respectively.

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $3.9 million, $0.7 million and
$0.5 million, respectively. Cash received from stock options exercised during fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 totaled $3.6 million, $0.9
million and $1.3 million, respectively.

We  issue  shares  of  common  stock  that  are  reserved  for  issuance  under  the  Stock  Plans  upon  the  exercise  of  stock  options,  and  we  do  not  expect  to
repurchase shares of common stock from any source to satisfy our obligations under our compensation plans.

As of April 30, 2021, the total estimated unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options was $5.5 million. This cost is expected to be
recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 2.55 years based on current assumptions.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Restricted Stock

A restricted stock unit (“RSU”) represents the right to receive one share of our common stock upon the vesting of such unit. RSUs granted to employees
generally vest in equal annual installments over a four-year period from the date of grant and RSUs granted to non-employee directors generally vest over a
period of one to three years from the date of grant. The estimated fair value of RSUs is based on the closing market value of our common stock on the date
of grant and is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period of vesting.

The following summarizes our RSUs transaction activity for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021:

Outstanding at May 1, 2020
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Outstanding at April 30, 2021

Shares
(in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

307    $
356   
(89)  
(14)  
560    $

5.23 
7.29 
5.27 
5.64 
6.52 

The weighted-average grant date fair value of RSUs granted during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $7.29, $5.91 and $4.28 per
share, respectively.

The total fair value of RSUs vested during the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0.7 million and $0.3 million, respectively. No RSUs vested
during the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019.

As  of  April  30,  2021,  the  total  estimated  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  non-vested  RSUs  was  $2.8  million.  This  cost  is  expected  to  be
recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 2.64 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) is a stockholder-approved plan under which employees can purchase shares
of our common stock, based on a percentage of their compensation, subject to certain limits. The purchase price per share is equal to the lower of 85% of
the fair market value of our common stock on the first trading day of the six-month offering period or on the last trading day of the six-month offering
period. On October 9, 2019, our stockholders approved an amendment to the ESPP to extend its term for an additional five years to October 21, 2025 and
to change the commencement dates of the six-month offering periods from May 1 and November 1 of each year to January 1 and July 1 of each year.

During  the  fiscal  years  ended  April  30,  2021,  2020  and  2019,  a  total  of  72,409,  47,526  and  75,148  shares  of  our  common  stock  were  purchased,
respectively,  under  the  ESPP  at  a  weighted  average  purchase  price  per  share  of  $5.84,  $3.94  and  $3.44,  respectively.  As  of  April  30,  2021,  we  had
1,076,326 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The fair value of the shares purchased under the ESPP was determined using a Black-Scholes option valuation model (see explanation of valuation model
inputs above under “Stock Options”) and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (or six-month offering period).

The weighted average grant date fair value of purchase rights under the ESPP during fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $3.17, $1.81
and $1.49, respectively, based on the following weighted-average Black-Scholes option valuation model inputs:

Risk-free interest rate
Expected life (in years)
Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield

Stock-based Compensation Expense

2021
0.14%
0.50
75.50%
–

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020
2.08%
0.50
56.71%
–

2019
2.26%
0.50
71.10%
–

Stock-based  compensation  expense  included  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and  Comprehensive  Income  (Loss)  was  comprised  of  the
following (in thousands):

Cost of revenues
Selling, general and administrative expense
   Total

2021

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020

2019

$

$

1,404   
2,450   
3,854   

$

$

922    $

1,577   
2,499    $

474 
1,121 
1,595 

Due to the utilization of our tax carryforward attributes, no tax benefits have been recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Note 7 – Income Taxes

Deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  estimated  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the  financial
reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are
expected  to  be  recovered  or  settled.  A  valuation  allowance  is  provided  for  the  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  that,  based  on  available  evidence,  are  not
expected to be realized.

At April 30, 2021, management assessed the realizability of deferred tax assets and evaluated the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets on a
jurisdictional  basis.  This  evaluation  utilizes  the  framework  contained  in  ASC  740  wherein  management  analyzes  all  positive  and  negative  evidence
available at the balance sheet date to determine whether all or some portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. Under this guidance, a valuation
allowance must be established for deferred tax assets when it is more-likely-than-not that the asset will not be realized. In assessing the realization of our
deferred tax assets, management considers all available evidence, both positive and negative.

In concluding on the evaluation, management placed significant emphasis on guidance in ASC 740, which states that “a cumulative loss in recent years is a
significant piece of negative evidence that is difficult to overcome.” Based upon available evidence, it was concluded on a more-likely-than-not basis that
all  deferred  tax  assets  were  not  realizable  as  of  April  30,  2021.  Accordingly,  a  valuation  allowance  of  $111.4  million  has  been  recorded  to  offset  our
deferred tax asset. The valuation allowance decreased $6.7 million and $1.4 million for the years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We are subject to taxation in the United States and various states jurisdictions. We have not been notified that we are under audit by the IRS or any state
taxing  authorities,  however,  due  to  the  presence  of  NOL  carryforwards,  all  of  the  income  tax  years  remain  open  for  examination  in  each  of  these
jurisdictions.

At  April  30,  2021,  we  had  federal  net  operating  loss  carry  forwards  of  approximately  $406.7  million.  The  federal  net  operating  loss  carry  forwards
generated prior to January 1, 2018 expire in fiscal years 2022 through 2038. The federal net operating loss generated after January 1, 2018 of $19.6 million
can be carried forward indefinitely. Utilization of net operating losses generated subsequent to 2020 are limited to 80% of future taxable income. We also
have California state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $272.1 million at April 30, 2021, which begin to expire in fiscal year 2029. We
also have other state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $0.9 million at April 30, 2021, which begin to expire in fiscal year 2037.

Additionally, the future utilization of our net operating loss carry forwards to offset future taxable income may be subject to an annual limitation, pursuant
to Internal Revenue Code Section 382, as a result of ownership changes that may have occurred previously or that could occur in the future. A Section 382
analysis has been completed through April 30, 2021, which it was determined that no significant change in ownership had occurred. However, ownership
changes occurring subsequent to April 30, 2021 may impact the utilization of net operating loss carry forwards and other tax attributes.

At April 30, 2021, we had $5.8 million and $3.3 million of federal and California research and development credit carry forwards. The California research
credits do not expire and the federal credits begin to expire in in fiscal year 2026.

The provision for income taxes on our income (loss) from continuing operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 is comprised of
the following (in thousands):

Federal income taxes at statutory rate
State income taxes, net of valuation allowance
Expiration and adjustments of deferred tax assets
Change in federal valuation allowance
Stock-based compensation
Research and development credits
Other, net
Income tax expense (benefit)

2021

2020

2019

2,355   
–   
451   
2,450   
(240)  
(4,958)  
(58)  
–   

$

$

(2,197)   $
–   
2,588   
(1,664)  
1,138   
–   
135   

–    $

(1,120)
(48)
2,507 
(2,480)
1,309 
– 
(452)
(284)

$

$

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Deferred income taxes reflect the net effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes
and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at April 30, 2021 and 2020 are as
follows (in thousands):

Net operating losses
Research and development credits
Stock-based compensation
Deferred revenue
Lease liabilities
Debt issuance costs
Accrued liabilities and other
Accrued compensation
Total deferred tax assets
Less valuation allowance
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Deferred tax liabilities:
   Fixed assets
   ROU assets
   Beneficial conversion feature
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets

2021

2020

$

109,663    $
7,566   
2,776   
1,086   
6,260   
470   
942   
2,263   
131,026   
(111,388)  
19,638   

(1,404)  
(5,508)  
(12,726)  
(19,638)  

$

–    $

114,105 
– 
2,573 
810 
6,324 
– 
1,197 
– 
125,009 
(118,137)
6,872 

(1,216)
(5,656)
– 
(6,872)
– 

In accordance with ASC 740, we are required to recognize the impact of an uncertain tax position in the consolidated financial statements when it is more
likely than not the position will be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. An uncertain tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a
50%  likelihood  of  being  sustained  upon  examination  by  the  tax  authorities.  Unrecognized  tax  positions  at  April  30,  2021  and  2020  are  as  follows  (in
thousands):

Unrecognized tax positions, beginning of year
   Gross increase – prior period tax positions
Unrecognized tax positions, end of year

2021

2020

$

$

–    $

1,600   
1,600    $

– 
– 
– 

It is our policy, in accordance with authoritative guidance, to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in interest expense and interest
and other income, net, respectively, in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021
and 2020. If recognized, none of the unrecognized tax positions would impact our income tax benefit or effective tax rate as long as our net deferred tax
assets remain subject to a full valuation allowance. We do not expect any significant increases or decreases to our unrecognized tax positions within the
next 12 months.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was signed into law. The CARES Act provides numerous tax
provisions and other stimulus measures, including temporary changes regarding the prior and future utilization of net operating losses, temporary changes
to the prior and future limitations on interest deductions, temporary suspension of certain payment requirements for the employer portion of Social Security
taxes,  the  creation  of  certain  refundable  employee  retention  credits,  and  technical  corrections  from  prior  tax  legislation  for  tax  depreciation  of  certain
qualified improvement property. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our income tax provision for the years ended April 30, 2021, or 2020.

On June 29, 2020, the state of California enacted Assembly Bill No. 85 (AB 85) suspending California net operating loss utilization and imposing a cap on
the amount of business incentive tax credits companies can utilize, effective for tax years 2020, 2021 and 2022. This bill is not anticipated to materially
impact our income tax provision.

Note 8 – Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing our net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average
number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing our net income
(loss) attributable to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus the
potential dilutive effects of stock options, unvested RSUs, shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP, warrants, Series E Preferred
Stock, and Convertible Notes outstanding during the period.

Net income attributable to common stockholders represents our net income less Series E Preferred Stock accumulated dividends and impact of Series E
Preferred Stock redemption. Net loss attributable to common stockholders represents our net loss plus Series E Preferred Stock accumulated dividends.
Series E Preferred Stock accumulated dividends include dividends declared for the period (regardless of whether or not the dividends have been paid) and
dividends accumulated for the period (regardless of whether or not the dividends have been declared).

The potential dilutive effect of stock options, unvested RSUs, shares of common stock expected to be issued under our ESPP, and warrants outstanding
during the period are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, but are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive. The potential dilutive effect of
our Series E Preferred Stock and Convertible Notes outstanding during the period are calculated using the if-converted method assuming the conversion of
Series E Preferred Stock and Convertible Notes as of the earliest period reported or at the date of issuance, if later, but are excluded if their effect is anti-
dilutive. A reconciliation of the numerators and the denominators of the basic and dilutive net income (loss) per common share computations are as follows
(in thousands, expect per share amounts):

Numerator

Net income (loss)
Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends
Impact of Series E preferred stock redemption
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders

Denominator

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic
Effect of dilutive securities:

Stock options
RSUs
ESPP

Weighted average common shares outstanding, dilutive

Net income (loss) per share, basic:
Net income (loss) per share, dilutive

2021

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020

2019

$

$

$
$

11,212   
(4,455)  
(3,439)  
3,318   

$

$

(10,466)   $
(4,686)  
–   

(15,152)   $

58,222   

909   
272   
23   
59,426   

56,326   

–   
–   
–   
56,326   

0.06   
0.06   

$
$

(0.27)   $
(0.27)   $

(4,215)
(4,686)
– 
(8,901)

55,981 

– 
– 
– 
55,981 

(0.16)
(0.16)

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table presents the potential dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods presented
as the effect of their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):

Stock options
RSUs
ESPP
Warrants
Series E Preferred Stock
Convertible senior notes
   Total

Note 9 – Employee Benefit Plan

2021

Fiscal Year Ended April 30,
2020

2019

829   
–   
–   
–   
1,864   
928   
3,621   

2,795   
83   
7   
–   
1,979   
–   
4,864   

2,851 
68 
11 
13 
1,979 
– 
4,922

We  maintain  a  401(k)  Plan  pursuant  to  section  401(k)  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Code  that  allows  participating  employees  to  defer  a  portion  of  their
compensation on a tax deferred basis up to the maximum amount permitted by the Internal Revenue Code. We match 50% of employee contributions of up
to 6% of their annual eligible compensation. Total expense recognized by us for matching contributions to the 401(k) Plan for the fiscal years ended April
30, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was $0.5 million, $0.5 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Note 10 – Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of business, we are at times subject to various legal proceedings and disputes. We make provisions for liabilities when it is both
probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated.  Such provisions, if any, are reviewed at least quarterly
and adjusted to reflect the impact of any settlement negotiations, judicial and administrative rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and
events  pertaining  to  a  particular  case.  We  currently  are  not  a  party  to  any  legal  proceedings,  the  adverse  outcome  of  which,  in  management’s  opinion,
individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

In  March  2020,  the  World  Health  Organization  declared  the  novel  coronavirus  disease  (“COVID-19”)  outbreak  a  global  pandemic  and  recommended
containment and mitigation measures worldwide. Since the announcement we have been monitoring this closely, and although the COVID-19 pandemic
has not had a significant impact on our operations to date, the ultimate duration and severity of the outbreak and its impact on the economic environment
and our business is highly uncertain. Accordingly, we cannot provide any assurance that the COVID-19 pandemic will not have a material adverse impact
on our operations or future results. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our future business, strategic initiatives, results of operations
and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including, but not limited to the duration,
spread,  severity  and  resurgence  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  the  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  on  our  workforce,  customers  and  vendors  and  the
remedial actions and stimulus measures adopted by local and federal governments, and the extent to which normal economic and operating conditions can
resume.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 – Sale of Research and Development Assets

In February 2018, we entered into an Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement (the “February 2018 Purchase Agreement”) with OncXerna Therapeutics,
Inc. (“OncXerna”) (formerly known Oncologie, Inc.), pursuant to which we sold to Oncologie the majority of our research and development assets, which
included the assignment of certain exclusive licenses related to our former phosphatidylserine (“PS”)-targeting program, as well as certain other licenses
and assets useful and/or necessary for the potential commercialization of bavituximab.

Pursuant to the February 2018 Purchase Agreement, we received an aggregate of $8.0 million from OncXerna, of which $3.0 million was received in fiscal
year 2018 and $5.0 million was received in fiscal year 2019. We are also eligible to receive up to an additional $95.0 million in the event that OncXerna
achieves certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones with respect to bavituximab. In addition, we are eligible to receive royalties on
net  sales  that  are  upward  tiering  into  the  mid-teens  in  the  event  that  OncXerna  commercializes  and  sells  products  utilizing  bavituximab  or  the  other
transferred assets. As of April 30, 2021, no development, regulatory or commercialization milestones have been achieved by OncXerna under the February
2018  Purchase  Agreement.  OncXerna  is  responsible  for  all  future  research,  development  and  commercialization  of  bavituximab,  including  all  related
intellectual property costs and all other future liabilities and obligations arising out of the ownership of the transferred assets.

In September 2018, we entered into a separate Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement (the “September 2018 Purchase Agreement”) with OncXerna,
pursuant  to  which  we  sold  to  OncXerna  our  r84  technology,  which  included  the  assignment  of  certain  licenses,  patents  and  other  assets  useful  and/or
necessary for the potential commercialization of the r84 technology.

Pursuant to the September 2018 Purchase Agreement, we received $1.0 million from OncXerna, which amount was paid in fiscal year 2019. We are also
eligible to receive up to an additional $21.0 million in the event that OncXerna achieves certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones
with  respect  to  r84.  In  addition,  we  are  eligible  to  receive  royalties  on  net  sales  ranging  from  the  low  to  mid-single  digits  in  the  event  that  OncXerna
commercializes and sells products utilizing the r84 technology. As of April 30, 2021, no development, regulatory or commercialization milestones have
been  achieved  by  OncXerna  under  the  September  2018  Purchase  Agreement.  OncXerna  is  responsible  for  all  future  research,  development  and
commercialization of r84, including all related intellectual property costs and all other future liabilities and obligations arising out of the ownership of the
transferred assets.

Discontinued Operations

As a result of the sale of our PS-targeting and r84 technologies, the abandonment of our remaining research and development assets, and the strategic shift
in  our  corporate  direction  to  focus  solely  on  our  CDMO  business,  the  operating  results  from  our  former  research  and  development  segment  have  been
excluded  from  continuing  operations  and  presented  as  discontinued  operations  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  for  all  periods
presented. During the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, we recorded a gain of $1.0 million upon the completion of the February 2018 Purchase Agreement,
which  amount  is  included  in  income  from  discontinued  operations,  net  of  tax,  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  and
Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019. The results of operations from discontinued operations presented below include
certain  allocations  that  management  believes  fairly  reflect  the  utilization  of  services  provided  to  the  former  research  and  development  segment.  The
allocations do not include amounts related to general corporate administrative expenses or interest expense. Therefore, these results of operations do not
necessarily reflect what the results of operations would have been had the former research and development segment operated as a stand-alone segment.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

There were no operating results from discontinued operations for the fiscal years ended April 30, 2021 and 2020.

The following table summarizes the results of discontinued operations for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019 (in thousands):

Other income
Gain on sale of research and development assets before income taxes
Income tax expense
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

Note 12 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

$

$

125 
1,000 
284 
841 

The following is a summary of our unaudited quarterly results for each of the two most recent fiscal years (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Revenues
Gross profit
Total operating expenses
Interest and other income (expense), net (1)
Net income
Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends
Impact of Series E preferred stock redemption (2)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share

attributable to common stockholders (3)

Revenues
Gross profit (loss)
Total operating expenses (4)
Net loss
Series E preferred stock accumulated dividends
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
Basic and diluted net loss per common share attributable to

common stockholders (3)

________________

Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2021

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

$

$
$
$
$
$
$

$

25,392   
8,544   
3,825   
11   
4,730   
(1,442)  
–   
3,288   

0.06   

First
Quarter

15,254   
1,086   
4,459   
(3,164)  
(1,442)  
(4,606)  

(0.08)  

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

$

$
$
$
$
$
$

$

21,064    $
6,418    $
4,166    $
32    $
2,284    $
(1,442)   $
–    $
842    $

21,806    $
6,202    $
4,018    $
23    $
2,207    $
(1,442)   $
–    $
765    $

27,606 
8,143 
5,055 
(1,097)
1,991 
(1,211)
(3,439)
(2,659)

0.01    $

0.01    $

(0.04)

Fiscal Year Ended April 30, 2020

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

18,313    $
3,360    $
3,889    $
(430)   $
(1,442)   $
(1,872)   $

13,585    $
785    $
2,996    $
(2,104)   $
(1,442)   $
(3,546)   $

12,550 
(1,299)
3,528 
(4,768)
(1,442)
(6,210)

(0.03)   $

(0.06)   $

(0.11)

(1)

(2)

(3)
(4)

Interest and other income (expense), net, for the fourth quarter ended April 30, 2021 includes aggregate interest expense of $1.2 million related to our Convertible Notes issued in
March 2021 (Note 3).
On April 12, 2021 we redeemed our outstanding shares of Series E Preferred Stock at a per share price equal to the $25.00 liquidation amount plus accrued and unpaid dividends up to,
but excluding, the redemption date (Note 5). In connection with the completed redemption, we incurred a charge of $3.4 million related to the excess of the redemption value paid
upon redemption over the carrying value of our Series E Preferred Stock.
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders was the same for all periods presented.
Total operating expenses for the second quarter of fiscal year ended April 30, 2020 includes a loss on lease termination of $0.4 million (Note 4).

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9.

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 9A.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The term “disclosure controls and procedures” defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act refers to the controls and other procedures of a company
that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the required time periods. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that
any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives,
and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of
possible  controls  and  procedures.  Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  our  management,  including  our  chief  executive  officer  and  chief
financial officer, we have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of April 30,
2021.  Based  on  this  evaluation,  our  president  and  chief  executive  officer  and  our  chief  financial  officer  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and
procedures were effective as of April 30, 2021 to ensure the timely disclosure of required information in our SEC filings.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of
internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under
the Exchange Act, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that,
in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  Company’s  assets;  (ii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that
transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company’s management and
directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting
may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In connection with the preparation of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken an assessment
of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Management’s assessment included an evaluation
of the design of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting.

Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 30, 2021.

Our internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2021 has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting
firm, as stated in their report included herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management has determined that, as of April 30, 2021, there were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth
quarter of the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Avid Bioservices, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control —
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our
opinion, Avid Bioservices, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 30, 2021,
based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated
balance  sheets  of  the  Company  as  of  April  30,  2021  and  2020,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and  comprehensive  income  (loss),
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021, and the related notes and our report dated June 29, 2021
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Report  on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our
responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Irvine, California
June 29, 2021

ITEM 9B.

OTHER INFORMATION

None.

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 10.

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

PART III

The information required by this Item regarding our directors, executive officers and committees of our board of directors is incorporated by reference to
the information set forth under the captions, “Election of Directors,” “Executive Compensation” and “Corporate Governance” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy
Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021 (the “2021 Definitive Proxy Statement”).

Information required by this Item regarding Section 16(a) reporting compliance is incorporated by reference to the information set forth under the caption,
“Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement.

Information  required  by  this  Item  regarding  our  code  of  ethics  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  caption,  “Corporate
Governance” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement.

ITEM 11.

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  captions,  “Director  Compensation,”
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Executive Compensation” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end
of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021.

ITEM 12.

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS

Other than as set forth below, the information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the information set forth under the caption, “Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners, Directors and Management” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of
our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information

The following table summarizes our compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance as of April 30, 2021:

(a)
Number of Securities
to be Issued Upon
the Exercise of
Outstanding
Options, Warrants
and Rights

3,688,392   
972   
–   
3,689,364   

(b)
Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price of
Outstanding
Options,
Warrants and
Rights ($/share)    
6.56   
6.65   
–   
6.56 (3)   

(c)
Number of
Shares
Remaining
Available for
Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation
Plans (Excluding
Securities
Reflected in
Column (a))

2,600,193 
– 
1,076,326 
3,676,519 

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders (1)
Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders (2)
Employee Stock Purchase Plan approved by stockholders
Total

________________________

(1) Represents stock  options  and  restricted  stock  units  under  our  stockholder  approved  equity  compensation  plans  referred  to  as  the  2018  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan,  the  2011  Stock

Incentive Plan, the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan.

(2) Represents stock options under our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2002 Plan”), which was not submitted for stockholder approval. The 2002 Plan, which expired in June 2012, was a
broad-based non-qualified stock option plan for the issuance of up to 85,714 stock options. The 2002 Plan provided for the granting of options to purchase shares of our common stock
at prices not less than the fair market value of our common stock at the date of grant and generally expired ten years after the date of grant. No additional grants of stock options can be
granted under the 2002 Plan, however, the terms of the 2002 Plan remain in effect with respect to the outstanding options granted under the 2002 Plan until they are exercised, canceled
or expired.

(3) Represents the weighted-average exercise price of outstanding stock options as there is no exercise price for restricted stock units.

ITEM 13.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  captions,  “Certain  Relationships  and  Related
Transactions,” “Director Independence” and “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement to be
filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021.

ITEM 14.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The  information  required  by  this  Item  is  incorporated  by  reference  to  the  information  set  forth  under  the  caption,  “Independent  Registered  Public
Accounting Firm Fees” in our 2021 Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended April 30, 2021.

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART IV

ITEM 15.

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)

(1)

Documents filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K:

Consolidated Financial Statements

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of April 30, 2021 and 2020
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for each of the three years in the period ended April 30,
2021
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 30, 2021
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
35
37
38

39
40
41

(2)       Financial Statement Schedules

All  schedules  are  omitted  as  the  required  information  is  inapplicable,  or  the  information  is  presented  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  or  related
notes.

(3)       Exhibits

The exhibits listed in the accompanying index to exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 16.

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit
Number
2.1

3.1
3.2
4.1

4.2

4.3
4.4
10.1*
10.2*
10.3*
10.4*
10.5*
10.6*
10.7*
10.8*
10.9*
10.10*
10.11*
10.12*
10.13*
10.14*

10.15*
10.16*
10.17*
10.18*
10.19

10.20

10.21*

Description
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 30, 2021, by and between Avid SPV, LLC
and Avid Bioservices, Inc.
Certificate of Incorporation, as amended through October 4, 2018
Amended and Restated Bylaws
Indenture, dated as of March 12, 2021, by and among Avid SPV, LLC, Avid Bioservices, Inc.
and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 30, 2021, by and among Avid SPV, LLC,
Avid Bioservices, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
Form of Note, between U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee and Avid SPV, LLC
Description of Registrant’s Securities
2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan
Form of 2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement
2003 Stock Incentive Plan Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement
2003 Stock Incentive Plan Incentive Stock Option Agreement
2010 Stock Incentive Plan
Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2010 Stock Incentive Plan
2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Amendment to the 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
2011 Stock Incentive Plan
Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
First Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
Second Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
Third Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
Form of Amendment to Stock Option Award Agreement Under 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
related to Non-Employee Director stock option awards
Fourth Amendment to 2011 Stock Incentive Plan
Avid Bioservices, Inc. 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Form of Stock Option Award Agreement under 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan
Lease and Agreement of Lease between TNCA, LLC, as Landlord, and Avid Bioservices,
Inc., as Tenant, dated as of December 24, 1998
First Amendment to Lease and Agreement of Lease between TNCA, LLC, as Landlord, and
Avid Bioservices, Inc., as Tenant, dated December 22, 2005
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between Avid Bioservices, Inc. and
Mark R. Ziebell, effective December 27, 2012

69

Date
Filed

Exhibit
Number

Filed
Herewith

Form

8-K
10-Q
8-K

8-K

8-K
8-K

5/5/2021
12/10/2018
9/15/2020

3/12/2021

5/5/2021
3/12/2021

S-8

S-8
S-8
S-8
S-8

6/23/2006
6/23/2006
12/16/2004
12/16/2004
DEF-14A 8/27/2010
12/9/2010
DEF-14A 8/27/2010
DEF-14A 8/26/2016
DEF-14A 8/26/2011
12/12/2011
DEF-14A 8/27/2012
DEF-14A 8/26/2013
7/14/2015

10-K

S-8

10-K

7/14/2015
DEF-14A 8/28/2015
DEF-14A 8/17/2018
12/10/2018
12/10/2018

S-8
S-8

X

2.1
3.1
3.2

4.1

4.1
4.2

4.17
4.18
10.95
10.96
A
4.17
B
B
A
4.20
A
A
4.24

4.27
B
A
4.2
4.3

10-Q

3/12/1999

10.48

8-K

12/23/2005 99.1, 99.2

10-Q

12/27/2012

10.38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.22**

10.23*

10.24*
10.25*

10.26
23.1
24
31.1

31.2

32

Asset Assignment and Purchase Agreement by and between Avid Bioservices, Inc. and
Oncologie, Inc., dated February 12, 2018
Employment Agreement by and between Avid Bioservices, Inc. and Daniel R. Hart, effective
June 26, 2019
Amendment to 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Employment Agreement by and between Avid Bioservices, Inc. and Nicholas S. Green,
effective July 30, 2020
Form of Capped Call Transactions Confirmation
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Power of Attorney (included on signature page of Annual Report)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-
14(b)/15d-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350

101.XML XBRL Taxonomy Extension Instance Document
101.XSD XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE XBRL Presentation Extension Linkbase Document

*   This Exhibit is a management contract or a compensation plan or arrangement.
**Portions omitted pursuant to a request of confidentiality filed separately with the SEC.  

10-K

7/16/2018

10.11

10-K

6/27/2019
DEF-14A 8/21/2019

10-Q
8-K

9/1/2020
3/12/2021

10.7
A

10.8
10.1

X
X

X

X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date: June 29, 2021

AVID BIOSERVICES, INC.

By: /s/ Nicholas S. Green                
Nicholas S. Green,
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Nicholas S. Green, President
and Chief Executive Officer, and Daniel R. Hart, Chief Financial Officer, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with the full
power of substitution and re-substitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this report, and to
file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each said
attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-
in-fact and agent, or either of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons (including a majority of
the board of directors) on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Name

Title

President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

  Date

June 29, 2021

/s/ Nicholas S. Green
Nicholas S. Green

/s/ Daniel R. Hart
Daniel R. Hart

/s/ Joseph Carleone, Ph.D.
Joseph Carleone, Ph.D.

/s/ Mark R. Bamforth
Mark R. Bamforth

/s/ Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D.
Catherine J. Mackey, Ph.D.

/s/ Gregory P. Sargen
Gregory P. Sargen

/s/ Jeanne Thoma
Jeanne Thoma

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

June 29, 2021

Chairman of the Board of Directors

June 29, 2021

Director

Director

Director

Director

71

June 29, 2021

June 29, 2021

June 29, 2021

June 29, 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT
TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

The following summary of the rights of our common stock, $0.001 par value per share (“Common Stock”), and preferred stock, $0.001 par value
per  share  (“Preferred  Stock”),  does  not  purport  to  be  complete.  This  summary  is  subject  to  and  qualified  by  the  provisions  of  our  certificate  of
incorporation,  as  amended  (“Certificate  of  Incorporation”),  and  our  amended  and  restated  bylaws,  as  amended  (“Bylaws”),  copies  of  which  are  filed  as
exhibits  to  our  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  April  30,  2021,  and  incorporated  herein  by  reference.  In  addition,  the  Delaware
General Corporation Law, as amended (“DGCL”) also affects the terms of our capital stock.

EXHIBIT 4.4

Authorized Capital Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 155,000,000 shares, of which:

·

·

150,000,000 shares have been designated as Common Stock; and

5,000,000 shares have been designated as Preferred Stock.

We are authorized to designate and issue up to 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock in one or more classes or series and, subject to the limitations
prescribed by our Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL, with such rights, preferences, privileges, and restrictions of each class or series of preferred
stock, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting any
class or series as our board of directors may determine, without any vote or action by our stockholders.

As  of  April  30,  2021,  there  were  61,068,579  shares  of  Common  Stock  issued  and  outstanding  and  no  shares  of  Preferred  Stock  issued  or

outstanding.

All outstanding shares of our capital stock are fully paid and nonassessable.

Common Stock

Voting Rights

Holders of Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the

election of directors.

The DGCL could require holders of any of the shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock to vote separately, as a single class, in the following

circumstances:

·

·

Dividends

if we amended our Certificate of Incorporation to increase or decrease the par value of the shares of a class of stock, then the holders of
the shares of that class would be required to vote separately to approve the proposed amendment; and

if we amended our Certificate of Incorporation in a manner that altered or changed the powers, preferences, or special rights of the shares
of  a  class  of  stock  so  as  to  affect  them  adversely,  then  the  holders  of  the  shares  of  that  class  would  be  required  to  vote  separately  to
approve the proposed amendment.

Subject  to  preferences  that  may  be  granted  to  the  holders  of  Preferred  Stock,  each  holder  of  Common  Stock  is  entitled  to  share  ratably  in

distributions to stockholders and to receive ratably such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor.

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidation Rights

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of Common Stock will be entitled to receive, after payment of all of our

debts and liabilities and of all sums to which holders of any Preferred Stock may be entitled, the distribution of any of our remaining assets.

Conversion

Shares of Common Stock are not convertible into any other shares of our capital stock.

Undesignated Preferred Stock

Our board of directors is authorized to designate and authorize the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of our authorized Preferred Stock in one or
more series of Preferred Stock, and, in connection with the creation of such series, fix by the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares
the voting powers and designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of
such  series,  including  dividend  rates,  conversion  rights,  voting  rights,  terms  of  redemption  and  liquidation  preferences  and  the  number  of  shares
constituting such series.

The particular terms of any additional series of Preferred Stock offered by may include:

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

the maximum number of shares in the series and the designation of the series;

the terms of which dividends, if any, will be paid;

the terms of which the shares may be redeemed, if at all;

the liquidation preference, if any;

the terms of any retirement or sinking fund for the purchase or redemption of the shares of the series;

the terms and conditions, if any, on which the shares of the series will be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any other class
or classes of securities;

the voting rights, if any, of the shares of the series; and

any or all other preferences and relative, participating, operational or other special rights or qualifications, limitations or restrictions of
the shares.

Our  board  of  directors  may  authorize  the  issuance  of  series  of  Preferred  Stock  with  voting  or  conversion  rights  that  could  adversely  affect  the
voting power or other rights of the holders of Common Stock. In addition, the issuance of Preferred Stock, while providing flexibility in connection with
possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of
our company and might harm the market price of our Common Stock.

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anti-Takeover Effects of Delaware Law and our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL. Subject to certain exceptions, Section 203 prohibits persons deemed “interested
stockholders” from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a “business combination” with a publicly held Delaware corporation for three years following
the date these persons become interested stockholders, unless:

·

·

·

prior to the date of the transaction, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which
resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the stockholder owned at least 85% of the
voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, calculated in accordance with the provisions of Section 203 of
the DGCL; or

on  or  subsequent  to  the  date  of  the  transaction,  the  business  combination  is  approved  by  the  board  of  directors  and  authorized  at  an  annual  or
special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66⅔% of the outstanding voting stock which is not
owned by the interested stockholder.

Generally,  an  “interested  stockholder”  is  a  person  who,  together  with  affiliates  and  associates,  owns,  or  within  three  years  prior  to  the
determination  of  interested  stockholder  status  did  own,  15%  or  more  of  a  corporation’s  voting  stock.  Generally,  a  “business  combination”  includes  a
merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. The existence of this provision may have an
anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by our board of directors. We also anticipate that Section 203 of the DGCL may
also discourage attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of capital stock held by stockholders.

Filling of Vacancies on our Board of Directors

Our Bylaws provide that any vacancy or vacancies in our board of directors resulting from the death, resignation or removal of any director, or an

increase in the authorized number of directors, may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, though less than a quorum.

Issuance of Authorized but Unissued Shares

Our authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We may
use  additional  shares  for  a  variety  of  purposes,  including  future  public  offerings  to  raise  additional  capital,  to  fund  acquisitions  and  as  employee
compensation. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock and Preferred Stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt
to obtain control of us by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

In addition, the authority possessed by our board of directors to designate and authorize the issuance of shares of our undesignated Preferred Stock
could  potentially  be  used  to  discourage  attempts  by  third  parties  to  obtain  control  of  our  company  through  a  merger,  tender  offer,  proxy  contest,  or
otherwise by making such attempts more difficult or more costly. Our board of directors may issue our undesignated Preferred Stock with voting rights or
conversion rights that, if exercised, could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our Common Stock.

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stockholder Meeting Requirements

Our Bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may only be called at the request of a majority of our board of directors.

Elimination of Stockholder Action by Written Consent

Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws expressly eliminate the right of our stockholders to act by written consent. Stockholder action must

take place at the annual or a special meeting of our stockholders.

Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations

Our  Bylaws  provide  advance  notice  procedures  for  stockholders  seeking  to  bring  business  before  our  annual  meeting  of  stockholders,  or  to
nominate candidates for election as directors at any meeting of stockholders. Our Bylaws also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content
of a stockholder’s notice. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making
nominations for directors at our meetings of stockholders.

Listing

Our Common Stock is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market and trade under the symbol “CDMO.”

The transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock is Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc.

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

(1) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-228735) pertaining to the 2018 Omnibus Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-208466, No. 333-192794, No. 333-185423, No. 333-178452) pertaining to the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan

of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-171067) pertaining to the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan and 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Avid

Bioservices, Inc.,

(4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-215053) pertaining to the 2010 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-164026) pertaining to the 2009 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-130271) pertaining to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-121334) pertaining to the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc.,

(8) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-106385) pertaining to the 2002 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan of Avid Bioservices, Inc., and

(9) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333-222548) of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

of our reports dated June 29, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Avid Bioservices, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control
over financial reporting of Avid Bioservices, Inc. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the year ended April 30, 2021.

Irvine, California
June 29, 2021

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 31.1

I, Nicholas S. Green, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the

financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to
ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the

effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the

registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably

likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control

over financial reporting.

Date: June 29, 2021

/s/ Nicholas S. Green
Nicholas S. Green
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO
RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Daniel R. Hart, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the

financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to
ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those
entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our  conclusions  about  the

effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent
fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the

registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)

b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal
control over financial reporting.

Date: June 29, 2021

/s/ Daniel R. Hart
Daniel R. Hart
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Nicholas S. Green, certify, as of the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021: (i) fully complies with the requirements of
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (ii) that the information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents,
in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

EXHIBIT 32

Date: June 29, 2021

/s/ Nicholas S. Green
Nicholas S. Green
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

I, Daniel R. Hart, certify, as of the date hereof, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002,
that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Avid Bioservices, Inc. for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2021: (i) fully complies with the requirements of Section
13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and (ii) that the information contained in such Annual Report on Form 10-K fairly presents, in all
material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Avid Bioservices, Inc.

Date: June 29, 2021

/s/ Daniel R. Hart
Daniel R. Hart
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Avid Bioservices, Inc. and will be retained by Avid Bioservices, Inc.
and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.