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Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria

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FY2019 Annual Report · Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria
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2019 Annual Report  

Contents  

01. Letters from the Group Executive Chairman and the CEO

02. Management Report

Non-financial information report 

Group financial information  

Business areas  

Risk management  

Alternative Performance Measures (APMs)

Annual Corporate Governance Report 

03. Consolidated Financial Statements and Auditors´Report

Consolidated Financial Statements  

Notes to the accompanying consolidated Financial Statements 

Appendices 

     Auditor´s Report 

Letter from the Group Executive Chairman 

Dear shareholders, 

In 2019 we achieved excellent financial results on a recurring basis, the best of the last ten years, and we also made 
major progress in our transformation journey.  

Net attributable profit excluding non-recurring impacts reached €4,830 million in 2019, thanks to record-high core 
revenues  and  strict  cost  management.  Book  value  per  share  rose  11.5  percent  and  the  return  on  tangible  equity 
(ROTE) was 11.9 percent, which placed us ahead of the financial industry in terms of profitability. The Group’s fully-
loaded CET1 capital ratio ended the year at 11.74 percent, 40 basis points higher than in 2018.  

All of this in a year marked by a highly complex economic environment, with deceleration in the global economy due to 
geopolitical conflicts, trade tensions and a low interest-rate environment. This led to global growth of 3.1 percent in 2019, 
the lowest since 2009.   

These  results  are  clear  evidence  of  the  success  of  our  transformation  and  of  our  commitment  to  digitization.  A 
commitment that has made us the unquestionable leaders of the financial sector’s digital transformation in recent 
years.  

Proof of this is the fact that since 2015, the number of customers banking with us on digital channels has doubled, and the 
number of customers doing it through their mobile phones has tripled. Mobile customers now represent more than 50 
percent of  our customer base. Digital sales in both units  and value now represent 59  percent and 45 percent  of sales, 
respectively.  

Not  only  have  we  seen  the  number  of  mobile  and  digital  customers  evolve  in  recent  years,  our  total  base  of  active 
customers has increased by nearly nine million.  And what is even more important, our customers are more loyal and 
more satisfied, as shown by our leading position in the net promoter score (NPS) in most places where we operate.  

All of this is the result of a unique value proposition across all channels, especially digital channels. The consulting firm 
Forrester Research recognized BBVA Spain’s mobile banking app as the best in the world for the third consecutive 
year, followed by BBVA’s app in Turkey in the second place.  

Furthermore, in 2019, we adopted a single brand and new logo globally. This change underscores our goal of offering a 
unique value proposition and uniform user experience, characteristic of a global digital company. 

Without  a  doubt,  one  of  the  most  remarkable  aspects  of  2019  is  the  rising  awareness  and  social  mobilization  with 
regards  to  climate  change  and  the  sustainability  challenges  facing  humankind.  The  fight  against  climate  change 
represents  one  of  the  biggest  disruptions  in  history,  with  very  significant  economic  consequences  to  which  we  all 
(governments, regulators, companies, consumers, society as a whole) need to adapt immediately.  

The climate transition will require significant investment in the short term in many industries. At BBVA, we are aware of the 
important role banks may play in this transition  providing  financings and advice to our customers. We firmly believe that 
the future of banking is financing the Future, with a capital F.  

For  this  reason,  two  years  ago,  we  defined  our  Pledge  2025  in  order  to  achieve  the  United  Nations  Sustainable 
Development Goals and aligned with the Paris Climate Agreement. We set the goal of mobilizing €100 billion by 2025, 
and in just two years we have already allocated over €30 billion, which represents a significant progress.  

In addition, at BBVA, we have made the commitment to be neutral in direct CO2 emissions from our activities starting 
this year, 2020. Also, as we announced at the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP 25 in Madrid, we have set 
an internal price for CO2 emissions. This encourages all of BBVA’s areas and businesses to reduce their emissions. We 
hope that in the near future, a global CO2 market will be established to also incentivize all economic actors to make the 
necessary reductions. 

But it is important to highlight that for us, sustainability goes beyond climate change. For this reason, at BBVA we support 
global  initiatives,  such  as  the  United  Nations  Global  Compact,  which  help  join  efforts  in  the  pursuit  of  sustainable 
development. For us, it is essential that this sustainable development be inclusive for each and every person in society. 
With  this  goal  in  mind,  in  2019,  BBVA  allocated  over  €100  million  to  social  initiatives  and  support  for  education, 
culture and science as well as entrepreneurship, benefitting over 11 million people.  

In particular, at BBVA, we feel especially proud of the great work of our foundations through numerous initiatives, such as 
the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards, which recognize fundamental contributions to the development 
of knowledge and research. BBVA Microfinance Foundation’s financing for development  is also noteworthy, particularly 

through  microloans  to  low-income  entrepreneurs  and  programs  for  environmental  sustainability  and  the  economic 
empowerment of women. An endeavor for which it was recognized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and 
Development  (OECD),  as  the  second  largest  philanthropic  initiative  on  a  global  level,  and  the  largest  in  Latin 
America.  

Furthermore,  paying  taxes  is  a  fundamental  part  of  BBVA’s  commitment  to  society.  For  this  reason,  BBVA  voluntarily 
publishes its global tax contribution report, an example of good governance and transparency. In 2019, BBVA contributed 
a total of €9.29 billion in taxes derived from our activities in all of our markets, including both our own taxes and third-
party  taxes  paid  by  the  Group.  These  taxes  make  it  possible  to  foster  development  in  these  countries  by  investing  in 
infrastructure or healthcare, but especially by helping to promote equal opportunities through better education. 

The year 2019 also served to carry out a strategic reflection process, based on the enormous accomplishments that we 
have achieved over the past five years, and with the goal of continuing to work to attain our Purpose: to bring the age of 
opportunity to everyone.   

Looking  forward  we  want  to  help  our  customers  make  better  financial  decisions  and  to  support  them  in  their 
transition to a more sustainable world. This aspect is crucial for all of us, taking into account the important social and 
environmental challenges we are facing.  

To this end, we have evolved our strategy and defined six new strategic priorities that seek to broaden the impact of 
our transformation journey on our clients and society, with the team, data and technology playing a key role to achieve 
our Purpose. The first four priorities are directed towards: 

1.

Improving  our  clients  financial  health, helping them in their decision-making and daily management of their
finances through personalized advice. 

2. Helping our clients transition toward a sustainable future, not just from an environmental standpoint, but also

striving for inclusive economic development. 

3. Reaching  more  clients,  leveraging  digital  channels  to  achieve  profitable  and  sustainable  growth  in  the  most

attractive segments. 

4. Driving  operational  excellence,  with  simple,  automated  processes.  We  will  also  continue  to  focus  on  risk

management, an optimal capital allocation and promoting a culture of ethics and compliance.

To achieve these objectives we will leverage the two remaining priorities, the true foundation upon which we are building 
the BBVA of the future: 

5. The best and most engaged team, promoting the commitment and performance of each of us who are part of

BBVA in order to achieve our purpose.

6. Data and technology, which increasingly are key ingredients for any aspect of our activity, and which will help us

accelerate the achievement of  the rest of priorities.

I am convinced that these six new strategic priorities will help us to address the challenges we must face and will determine 
our success in the coming years as we continue leading the Future of banking.  

Finally, I would like to thank each and every one of the more than 126,000 people that are part of BBVA for their excellent 
work and commitment, and encourage them to continue working to fulfill our Purpose, and to always do so according to 
our values, “The customer comes first”, “We think big” and “We are one team.”   

And to you, our esteemed shareholders, thank you once again for your confidence and your constant support, which drives 
us to continue giving our best every day.  

Carlos Torres Vila 

BBVA´s Group Executive Chairman 

Letter from the Chief Executive Officer  

Dear shareholders, 

In 2019, we witnessed a slowdown in global growth resulting from geopolitical risks and trade tensions, which in turn led to 
weaker international trade, less investment, and reduced industrial activity. In addition, the major central banks continued 
to support measures in favor of low interest rates. Despite this challenging environment, BBVA has proven once again 
the strength of its diversified business model and its ability to generate strong results with double-digit returns. 

The  world  economy  grew  3.1  percent  in  2019,  representing  the  lowest  growth  rate  since  2009.  At  the  national  level, 
economic  performance  varied  by  country  across  the  BBVA  footprint.  On  one  hand,  Spain  achieved  2  percent  growth, 
jumping ahead of the eurozone. And, in the United States, despite a slight downturn, growth stood at 2.3 percent, bolstered 
by  expansive  fiscal  policies.  Even  so,  growth  across  the  Sunbelt  region,  where  BBVA  mainly  operates,  outpaced  the 
national average, standing at 3.2 percent.  Colombia and  Peru also posted solid  growth at  3.2 percent and 2.1 percent, 
respectively. Mexico experienced sluggish growth in 2019 owing to, among other factors, the delayed ratification of the 
new trade deal with the United States and Canada and a slowdown in employment and private consumption. In Turkey, 
economic policies adopted over the course of the year contributed to putting growth on the path to recovery. By contrast, 
in Argentina we are facing a situation of real uncertainty.  

Despite this challenging environment, BBVA Group’s 2019 net attributable profit, excluding non-recurring impacts, 
was  €4,830  million,  representing  a  2.7  percent  year-on-year  increase.  This  equates  to  the  Bank’s  highest  net 
attributable profit, without non-recurring impacts, since 2009. Including the goodwill impairment related to our unit in the 
United States, the net attributable profit totals €3,512 million. The goodwill accounting impact, generated in 2009 as a 
consequence of the acquisition of our main assets in the U.S., is due to the descending interest rate trends and economic 
slowdown  in  the  country.  The  goodwill  impairment  has  no  effect  on  the  tangible  net  equity,  capital,  liquidity  nor  BBVA 
Group’s ability to pay out dividends.  

As for shareholder value creation, the tangible book value per share plus dividends reached €6.53 at the close of the year, 
representing an 11.5 percent increase from the year before. And for another year, our profitability metrics place us ahead 
of our peers. Excluding the goodwill impairment, return on equity stood at 9.9% and the return on tangible assets at 11.9%. 

I would also like to highlight that our strong capital position once again came to the fore in 2019. The fully-loaded CET1 ratio 
stands within our target range and closed the year at 11.74 percent, representing an increase of 40 basis points in the year, 
despite negative impacts related to accounting standards and other regulatory adjustments. 

The recurring revenues trend is also worth noting: despite low interest-rate environments in some of our major markets, 
recurring revenues grew more than 5 percent at constant exchange rates — meaning without factoring in exchange rate 
impacts  —  thus  reaching  a  record  high  in  absolute  terms.  Cost  containment  is  also  worth  mentioning,  with  expenses 
growing around 2.2 percent, well below the average rate of inflation across our footprint. As a result, the efficiency ratio 
improved by 92 basis points reaching 48.5 percent, which once again positions us well ahead of our peer group. 

And we have achieved all this while maintaining strong risk indicators, with a significant improvement in the NPL ratio, 
which stood at 3.8 percent, 15 basis points better than the 2018 figure. The NPL coverage ratio improved 349 basis points 
in the year, ending up at 77 percent. The results for both indicators are the best they have been in the last ten years. The 
Group's cost of risk also remained low, near 1 percent. 

With respect to our primary business units, I would like to especially point out the following: 

● In Spain, the net attributable profit stood at €1,386 million, 1 percent less compared to the previous year, 

weighed down from the drop in net interest income, which was as expected, and by the results from net trading
income, which was partially countered by the positive performance of commissions, a significant reduction in
costs, and lower impairments from the sale of NPL portfolios throughout the year. From a risk perspective, we 
saw a positive trend with the NPL ratio dropping to 4.4 percent and the cost of risk to 0.12 percent. 

● In the United States, the net attributable profit for 2019 reached €590 million, 23.9 percent less than in 2018 in 

constant exchange rates. This was fundamentally due to the drop of interest rates and the increase in 
impairment losses on financial assets as a consequence of greater one-time provisions in the commercial and
consumer portfolio and the adjustment in the macroeconomic scenario. 

● In Mexico, the net attributable profit for the unit was €2,699 million, representing a year-on-year increase of 8.2 

percent at constant exchange rates, driven by the net interest income and improved efficiency. It is also worth 
pointing out the unit’s solid risk indicators. 

● 

● 

In Turkey, the net attributable profit reached €506 million. Without taking into account the depreciation of the lira
throughout the year — meaning in constant terms — this result is similar to the previous year, with a slight decline
of  0.5  percent.  I  would  like  to  emphasize  the  positive  performance  in  net  interest  income,  as  a  result  of  an
outstanding price management, which compensated for the drop in contribution from inflation-linked bonds. 

In  South  America  positive  trends  stand  out  in  leading  markets:  Argentina,  Colombia,  and  Peru.  The  net
attributable profit for the area rose to €721 million in 2019, which represents year-on-year growth of 64 percent
(excluding the BBVA Chile business from the annual comparison) in constant terms. 

Finally, I don't want to miss this opportunity to thank the more than 126,000 Group employees for their ongoing effort, their 
commitment, and for their contribution to our outstanding results, each day demonstrating the real value that comes from 
working together as one team. And, of course, thank you to all of you, our shareholders, for your constant support which 
inspires us to realize our purpose: to bring the age of opportunity to everyone. 

Onur Genç 

BBVA´s Chief Executive Officer 

Contents 

About BBVA 

Non-financial information report 

Strategy and business model 

Customer relationship 

Technology and innovation 

Staff information 

Ethical behavior 

Sustainable Finance 

Contribution to society 

Other non-financial risks 

Contents index of the Law 11/2018 

Group financial information 

BBVA Group highlights 

Relevant events 

Results 

Balance sheet and business activity 

Solvency 

The BBVA share 

Business areas 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Corporate Center 

Risk management 

Subsequent events 

Alternative Performance Measures (APMs) 

Annual Corporate Governance Report 

2 

3 

13

22

28

31

50

60

71

80

81

84 

84

85

87

92

94

97

100 

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109

112

115

119

121

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142 

143 

152 

2 

About BBVA 

BBVA is a customer-centric  global financial services group founded in 1857 that operates in more than 30 countries. 
The  Group  has  a  strong  leadership  position  in  the  Spanish  market,  is  the  largest  financial  institution  in  Mexico,  it  has 
leading franchises in South America and the Sunbelt Region of the United States, being also the leading shareholder in 
Turkey’s BBVA Garanti.  

BBVA’s purpose is to bring the age of opportunities to everyone, based on the customers’ real needs: provide the best 
solutions,  helping  them  make  the  best  financial  decisions,  through  an  easy  and  convenient  experience.  BBVA  rests  in 
solid values: Customer comes first, we think big and we are one team. 

Its  diversified  business  is  based  on  high-growth  markets  and  it  relies  on  technology  as  a  key  sustainable  competitive 
advantage. Corporate responsibility is at the core of its business model. BBVA fosters financial education and inclusion, 
and supports scientific research and culture. It operates with the highest integrity, a long-term vision and applies the best 
practices. 

This Management Report includes information on the Group's performance in 2019, the definition of the strategy and the 
activity  more  related  to  it  and  to  the  stakeholders,  in  the  sections  of  the  chapter  Non-financial  information  report;  the 
financial performance in the Group Financial Information  chapter and the different countries and business areas in the 
corresponding Business Areas; and all risk management information in its corresponding chapter. 

 
 
3 

Non-financial information report 

Pursuant to Law 11/2018 of  December 28, modifying  the  Commercial Code, the revised text  of  the Capital Companies 
Law approved by Royal Legislative Decree 1/2010 of July 2, and Law 22/2015 of July 20 on Accounts Auditing, regarding 
non-financial  information  and  diversity  (hereinafter,  Law  11/2018),   BBVA  presents  a  non-financial  information  report 
that includes, but is not limited to: the information needed to understand the performance, results, and position of the 
Group, and the impact of its activity on environmental, social, respect for human rights, and the fight against corruption 
and bribery matters, as well as employee matters. 

In this context, BBVA prepares the Consolidated Non-financial information report in the Group's Management Report, 
which is attached to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the 2019 fiscal year as covered in the article 49.6 of the 
Commercial code introduced by Law 11/2018. 

Reporting  of  the  non-financial  key performance  indicators  included  (KPI)  in  this  consolidated  non-financial  information 
report  is  performed  using  the  GRI  (Global  Reporting  Initiative)  guide  as  an  international  reporting  framework  in  its 
exhaustive option. 

In  addition,  for  the  preparation  of  the  non-financial  information  contained  in  this  Management  Report,  the  Group  has 
considered  the  Communication  from  the  Commission  of  July  5,  2017  on  Guidelines  on  non-financial  reporting 
(methodology for reporting non-financial information, 2017/C 215/01). 

The information included in the consolidated non-financial information report is verified by KPMG Auditores, S.L., in its 
capacity as independent provider of verification services, in accordance with the new wording given by Law 11/2018 to 
article 49 of the Commercial Code. 

4 

The Group’s organizational chart 

In 2019, the organizational structure of the Group remains in line with that approved by the Board of Directors of BBVA at 
the end of 2018. This structure aimed at fostering the Group’s transformation and businesses, while further specifying 
responsibilities for executive functions. 

The main aspects of the organizational structure are as follows: 





The  Group  Executive  Chairman  is  responsible  for  the  management  and  well-functioning  of  the  Board  of
Directors,  the  supervision  of  the  management  of  the  Group,  the  institutional  representation,  and  leading  and
boosting the Group’s strategy and its transformation process.

The  areas  reporting  directly  to  the  executive  chairman  are  those  related  to  the  transformation’s  key  levers:
Engineering & Organization, Talent & Culture and Data; those related to the Group’s strategy: Global Economics
& Public Affairs, Strategy & M&A, Communications & Responsible Business and the figure Senior Advisor to the
Chairman; and the Legal-related and Board-related areas: Legal and General Secretary. 

The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is in charge of the daily management of the Group’s businesses, reporting
directly to BBVA’s Board of Directors. 

The  areas  reporting  to  the  CEO  are  the  Business  Units  in  the  different  countries  and  Corporate  &  Investment
Banking, as well as the following global functions: Client Solutions, Finance and Global Risk Management. 

Additionally,  there  are  two  control  areas  with  direct  reporting  of  their  heads  to  the  Board  of  Directors  through  the 
corresponding committees. These control areas are Internal Audit and the new Regulation & Internal Control, area that is 
in  charge  of  the  relationship  with  regulators  and  supervisors,  the  monitoring  and  analysis  of  regulatory  trends  and  the 
development of the Group’s regulatory agenda, and the management of compliance-related risks. 

5 

Environment 

Macro and industry trends 

Global growth decelerated in 2019 to growth rates slightly below 3% in annual terms in the second half of the year, below 
the  3.6%  of  2018.  Increased  trade  protectionism  and  geopolitical  risks  had  a  negative  impact  on  economic  activity, 
mainly  on  exports  and  investment,  additionally  to  the  structural  slowdown  in  the  Chinese  economy  and  the  cyclical 
moderation of the US and Eurozone economies. However, the counter-cyclical policies announced in 2019, led by central 
banks, along with the recent reduction in trade tensions between the United States and China and the disappearance of 
the risk of a disorderly Brexit in the short term, are leading to some stabilization of global growth, based on the relatively 
strong performance of private consumption supported by the relative strength of labor markets and low inflation. Thus, 
global growth forecasts stand around 3.1% for both 2019 and 2020.  

GLOBAL GDP GROWTH AND INFLATION IN 2019 (REAL PERCENTAGE GROWTH) 

World 

Eurozone 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 
South America (1) 

Turkey 

China 
Source: BBVA Research estimates. 
(1) It includes Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Peru. 

GDP

3.1

1.2

2.0

2.3

0.0

0.9

0.8

6.1

Inflation

3.7

1.2

0.7

1.8

3.6

10.8

15.5

2.9

In terms of monetary policy, the major central banks took more loosening measures last year. In the United States, the 
Federal  Reserve  reduced  interest  rates  between  July  and  October  by  75  basis  points  to  1.75%.  In  the  eurozone,  the 
European Central Bank (ECB) announced in September a package of monetary measures to support the economy and 
the financial system, including: (i) a deposit facility interest rate reduction of ten basis points, leaving them at -0.50%, (ii) 
the  adoption  of  a  phased  interest  rate  system  for  the  previously  mentioned  deposit  facility,  (iii)  a  new  debt  purchase 
program  of  €20  billion  per  month,  and  (iv)  an  improvement  in  financing  conditions  for  banks  in  the  ECB's  liquidity 
auctions. The latest signs of growth stabilization contributed to the decision of both monetary authorities to keep interest 
rates  unchanged  in  recent  months,  although  additional  stimulus  measures  are  not  ruled  out  in  the  event  of  a  further 
deterioration  of  the  economic  environment.  In  China,  in  addition  to  fiscal  stimulus  decisions  and  exchange  rate 
depreciation,  a  cut  in  reserve  requirements  for  banks  was  recently  announced  and  base  rates  have  been  reduced. 
Accordingly, interest rates will remain low in major economies, enabling emerging countries to gain room for maneuver. 

Spain 

In terms of growth, the latest data confirms that GDP continues to grow at a higher rate than in the rest of the eurozone, 
though it has slowed to 0.4% quarterly in the second quarter of 2019 from an average growth of around 0.7% since 2014, 
and  stabilized  in  the  third  quarter.  This  result  reflects  a  moderation  in  domestic  demand,  in  both  private  consumption 
and investment, as well as some fading stimuli and the negative effect of uncertainty. 

As  for  the  banking  system,  the  total  volume  of  credit  to  the  private  sector  continues  to  decline  while  asset  quality 
indicators  improve  (the  non-performing  loan  ratio  was  5.1%  in  October  2019).  Profitability  remained  under  pressure 
(ROE of 5.2% in the first nine months of 2019) due to low interest rates and lower business volumes. Spanish institutions 
maintain comfortable levels of capital adequacy and liquidity.  

United States 

In the third quarter of 2019, growth remained stable at 2.1% on an annualized quarterly basis, following the slowdown 
observed  in  the  previous  quarter  from  rates  of  3.1%  at  the  beginning  of  last  year,  confirming  a  period  of  economic 
moderation  and  dispelling,  for  the  time  being,  fears  of  a  recessionary  scenario.  The  strength  of  private  consumption, 
based on the soundness of the labor market, continues to contrast with weak investment, negatively affected by political 
uncertainty  and  lower  global  growth,  coupled  with  poorer  performance  of  net  exports.  In  this  context,  the  Federal 
Reserve  points  to  a  pause  in  interest-rate  cuts  to  1.75%  as  long  as  there  are  no  significant  changes  in  the  scenario, 
although  additional  stimulus  measures  are  not  ruled  out  in  the  event  of  a  further  deterioration  in  the  economic 
environment, nor an upward adjustment if inflation rises more than expected. 

In the banking system, as a whole, the most recent activity data (November 2019) show that credit and deposits in the 
system are growing at year-on-year rates of 4.0% and 10.6%, respectively. Non-performing loans remain under control: 
thus the non-performing loan ratio stood at 1.46% at the end of the third quarter of 2019. 

6 

Mexico 

In terms of growth, the economy stagnated in the third quarter of 2019 after three quarters of slight contraction (about -
0.1% per quarter) and no signs of recovery were visible in the last quarter of the year, especially in terms of investment. 
Several factors were behind this behavior: the delay in ratifying the new trade agreement between the United States and 
Canada, the continuing uncertainty due to external and internal factors, the slowdown in the manufacturing sector in the 
United States, as well as the slowdown in employment and private consumption. In this context, inflation declined rapidly 
and significantly from annual rates of just over 4% in mid-year to 2.8% in December 2019, promoting the central bank to 
initiate an interest rate-cut cycle, with four cuts of 25 basis points between August and December, to 7.25%. 

The  banking  system  continued  to  grow  year-on-year.  According  to  data  from  November  2019,  lending  and  deposits 
grew  by  4.7%  and  4.0%  year-on-year  respectively,  with  increases  in  all  portfolios.  The  non-performing  loan  ratio 
remained under control (2.24% in November 2019, compared to 2.18% twelve months previously) and capital indicators 
were comfortable. 

Turkey 

In terms of growth, the Turkish economy technically emerged from the recession in the first quarter of 2019, growing by 
1.7% on a quarterly basis, and the recovery continued although at a more moderate rate in the second and third quarters 
(1.0%  and  0.4%,  respectively).  The  correction  in  domestic  demand  seems  to  have  ended  in  the  third  quarter  with  the 
recovery  of  private  consumption  and  investment,  although  support  for  net  exports  dissipated  and  slightly  hampered 
growth. The economy is expected to have grown by 0.8% in 2019. Inflation slowed significantly during the second half of 
the year, from rates of just over 20% to around 12% in December. In this context, the central bank cut the interest rate by 
425 basis points in July, 325 basis points in September, 250 basis points in October, 200 basis points in December down 
to  a  12.00%  interest  rate  at  the  end  of  the  year.  In  January  2020,  the  central  bank  reduced  the  interest  rate  75  basis 
points to 11.25%. 

With  data  from  November  2019,  the  total  volume  of  credit  in  Turkish  liras  is  the  banking  system  increased  by  11.4% 
year-on-year while credit in foreign currency grew by 4.9% in the same period. The NPA ratio stood at 5.3% at the end of 
November 2019. 

Argentina 

With regards to economic growth, following the outcome of the primary elections in mid-August 2019, capital outflows 
led to a sharp exchange rate depreciation, a situation that the government attempted to alleviate with a highly restrictive 
monetary policy and capital control measures. All this resulted in a rapid deterioration in confidence, a sharp increase in 
inflation, a fall in real wages and consequently a sharp contraction in consumption and investment. The external sector is 
the sole support for the activity, prompted by the boost of depreciation on exports along with a considerable adjustment 
of imports. There is uncertainty about the measures and policies that will be implemented to tackle the crisis. 

In the banking system, lending and deposits are growing at high rates, albeit with the notable influence of high inflation. 
Profitability indicators are very high (ROE: 42.9% and ROA: 4.8% in October 2019) and non-performing loans increased, 
with a non-performing loan ratio of 4.9% in October 2019. 

Colombia 

The economy continued to recover in 2019, with growth slightly above the 3.0% year-on-year average level until the third 
quarter,  after  advancing  2.6%  in  2018.  The  recovery  continues  to  be  driven  by  consumption  as  well  as  investment  in 
machinery  and  equipment.  Private  consumption  is  expected  to  moderate  somewhat  in  light  of  the  deterioration  of  the 
labor  market  and  weak  confidence,  although  this  will  be  partly  offset  by  higher  expenditure  linked  to  the  increase  in 
immigration, while investment in construction should start to show signs of recovery, supported by some public policies. 
Nevertheless, growth is expected to remain relatively stable in the coming quarters. Inflation increased in the second half 
of  the  year  to  levels  around  3.8%  due  mainly  to  the  effect  of  the  exchange  rate  depreciation,  but  still  within  the  target 
range of the Bank of the Republic, which kept the reference interest rate at 4.25%. 

Total credit in the banking system grew by 9.1% year-on-year in September 2019, with a non-performing loan ratio of 
4.4%. Total deposits increased by 8.5% year-on-year in the same period. 

Peru 

Activity slowed in 2019, with annual growth of about 2% from rates of around 4% in 2018. This weak growth responded 
to the worse performance of primary activities, and to a lower public investment that was noted in construction and some 
manufacturing. In this context, with inflation below the 2% target, the central bank lowered the interest rate by 50 basis 
points between August and November to 2.25%. In 2020, the growth of the Peruvian economy could gain traction once 
some of the temporary factors that affected primary activities disappear, once public investment returns to normal and 
reconstruction efforts resume in some areas of the north of the country. 

The  banking  system  showed  moderate  year-on-year  growth  rates  in  lending  and  deposits  (+7.3%  and  +12.0% 
respectively, in September 2019), with reasonably high levels of profitability (ROE: 18.9%) and contained non-performing 
loans (NPL ratio: 2.7%). 

7 

INTEREST RATES (PERCENTAGE) 

Official ECB rate 
Euribor 3 months (1) 
Euribor 1 year (1) 
USA Federal rates 

TIIE (Mexico) 

CBRT (Turkey)  
(1) Calculated as the month average. 

  31-12-19  30-09-19  30-06-19  31-03-19  
0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

31-12-18  30-09-18  30-06-18  31-03-18 
0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

(0.39) 

(0.26) 

1.75 

7.25 

(0.42) 

(0.34) 

2.00 

7.75 

(0.33) 

(0.19) 

2.50 

8.25 

(0.31) 

(0.11) 

2.50 

8.25 

(0.31) 

(0.13) 

2.50 

8.25 

(0.32) 

(0.17) 

2.25 

7.75 

12.00 

16.50 

24.00 

24.00 

24.00 

24.00 

(0.32) 

(0.33) 

(0.18) 

(0.19) 

2.00 

7.75 

17.75 

1.75 

7.50 

8.00 

EXCHANGE RATES (EXPRESSED IN CURRENCY/EURO) 

U.S. dollar 

Mexican peso 

Turkish lira 

Peruvian sol 

Argentine peso (1) 

Chilean peso 

Colombian peso 

Year-end exchange rates 

Average exchange rates 

31-12-19 
1.1234 

21.2202 

6.6843 

3.7205 

67.29 

841.13 

3,681.54 

∆ % on 

31-12-18 
1.9 

∆ % on 

30-09-19 
(3.1) 

6.0 

(9.4) 

3.8 

(35.7) 

(5.4) 

1.7 

1.1 

(8.0) 

(1.1) 

(7.2) 

(6.1) 

2.4 

2019 
1.1195 

21.5531 

6.3595 

3.7335 

- 

786.75 

3,673.67 

∆ % on 

2018 
5.5 

5.3 

(10.3) 

3.9 

- 

(3.8) 

(5.2) 

(1) According to IAS 29 "Financial information in hyperinflationary economies", the year-end exchange rate is used for the conversion of the Argentina income statement.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 

Economic outlook 

BBVA Research’s scenario update takes into account the easing of trade tensions between the United States and China 
and the removal of the risk of a disorderly Brexit in the short term (even if a risk remains for the end of 2020), which has 
contributed  to  a  fall  in  economic  uncertainty  over  the  global  environment.  This  paves  the  way  for  a  slowdown  in 
growth and for the global economy to stabilize, even though increased protectionism will continue to affect world trade. 
This  prospect  of  stabilizing  global  growth  has  been  reinforced  by  robust  activity  in  the  United  States  and  by  the  most 
recent slight upward surprises in growth data in China and the eurozone. Economic policy has also continued to support 
growth, and will continue to do so in the coming quarters, at least in the world’s major economies: following the monetary 
stimulus actions in 2019, both the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank are expected to keep interest rates 
low  for  an  extended  period  of  time,  while  in  China  further  fiscal  and  monetary  stimulus  measures  will  bolster  the 
economy.  Increased  optimism  about  the  global  environment  has  also  led  to  a  marked  improvement  in  the  tone  of 
financial markets. That said, BBVA Research forecasts stable growth in 2020 and 2021 of just over 3%, which is below 
the growth of previous years following the slowdown observed in 2019. 

By country, the slowdown is becoming more evident and widespread in developed economies in the 2019-2020 period, 
but  a  very  gradual  recovery  is  expected  in  2021.  In  the  United  States,  growth  is  likely  to  continue  to  slowdown  in  the 
short term as a result of poor investment performance as well as a brake on exports due to the global slowdown and the 
strength of the dollar, despite a more accommodative monetary policy. However, over the course of 2020, growth could 
return to rates close to potential (2%) as uncertainty subsides. As a result, the US economy is expected to decelerate 
from 2.9% in 2018 to 2.3% in 2019 and 1.8% in 2020, with a slight improvement in 2021 to 2%. Growth in the eurozone 
suffered throughout 2019 due to weaker global demand and deteriorating industrial production, as well as the burden of 
reversing  the  uncertainty  associated  with  the  UK’s  exit  from  the  European  Union.  Slightly  more  accommodative 
economic  policies  helped  to  contain  the  slowdown  in  the  second  half  of  2019  and  maintain  domestic  demand,  while 
decreased uncertainty surrounding trade and Brexit  tensions could contribute to somewhat stronger  growth this year. 
As a result, growth in the eurozone appears to have slowed significantly from 1.9% in 2018 to 1.2% in 2019 and could slow 
somewhat more gradually in 2020 to 0.9%, before picking up slightly to 1.2% in 2021. This trend will also have an impact 
on growth in Spain, although it will still be higher than that recorded in the eurozone, with a slowdown from 2.4% in 2018 
to 1.9% in 2019 and 1.6% in 2020, before rising slightly to 1.9% in 2021. 

Growth in emerging economies was hampered by the downturn in the global environment. For the 2020-2021 period, 
the slowdown expected in Asian countries, which are burdened by China’s downward trend (from 6.6% in 2018 to 6.1% 
in 2019, 5.8% in 2020 and 5.5% in 2021), will continue to contrast with the gradual recovery projected for Latin American 
economies. In 2019, the slowdown was most pronounced in Mexico (0.0% compared to 2.1% in 2018) and Peru (2.1% 
after  4.0%  in  2018),  although  a  somewhat  stronger  recovery  is  expected  in  2020  to  1.5%  and  3.1%,  respectively.  In 
contrast, the strength of domestic demand in Colombia allowed the country to better withstand global uncertainties and 
maintain  relatively  stable  growth  in  2019-2021,  which  is  expected  to  be  slightly  above  3%.  In  Argentina,  the  sharp 
depreciation  of  the  exchange  rate  and  the  outflow  of  capital  following  the  election  result  led  to  strong  monetary  policy 
restrictions and capital controls, which will lead to a sharp correction in both consumption and investment. In Turkey, the 
recovery  that  began  in  early  2019  will  be  further  strengthened  by  a  less  restrictive  monetary  policy  following  the 
adjustment of inflation and current account imbalances, which will be reflected in growth of 0.8% in 2019, 4.0% in 2020 
and 4.5% in 2021. 

Overall,  the  global  scenario  predicts  a  degree  of  stabilization  of  growth,  supported  by  the  countercyclical  policies 
implemented  in  most  regions,  as  well  as  a  reduction  in  uncertainty  over  2019,  although  trade  tensions  and  fears  of  a 
disorderly Brexit could resurface during 2020. Moreover, geopolitical and structural risk remain high. 

Digitalization, new consumers and sustainability 

Digitalization  is  transforming  financial  services  at  a  global  level.  Consumers  are  changing  their  purchasing  habits 
through the use of digital technologies, which increase their ability to access financial products and services at any time 
and  from  anywhere.  Greater  availability  of  information  is  creating  more  demanding  customers,  who  expect  swift,  easy 
and  immediate  responses  to  their  needs.  And  digitalization  is  what  enables  the  financial  industry  to  meet  these  new 
demands. 

In  this  way,  the  role  of  technology  in  the  day-to-day  life  of  people  and  companies  is  growing  steadily,  causing  notable 
changes  in  the  technological  landscape  in  areas  such  as  retail  banking,  artificial  intelligence  and  big  data,  behavioral 
economics, the creation of startups, quantum computing or blockchain. 

On the other hand, technology is the lever for change which allows value proposition to be redefined to focus on the real 
needs of customers and to provide them with a simple and user-friendly experience without jeopardizing security. In this 
sense,  the  mobile  is  presented  as  the  preferred,  and  often  the  only  tool,  enabling  customers  to  interact  with  their 
financial entity. 

In  retail  banking,  the  main  change  is  in  the  way  in  which  clients  will  access  financial  services  in  the  future.  Regarding 
access channels, the mobile is essential and will continue to grow, but voice-activated banking services may also become 

 
9 

more frequent, which will pose a set of challenges. The automation of financial decisions will be possible through a series 
of staggered changes in the way in which banks provide services to people, such as automatic savings by rounding up 
transactions or separating a percentage of the payroll or, autonomous operation, in which the bank does everything for 
the  client  to  ensure  that  their  savings  are  managed  in  the  most  effective  and  efficient  way  possible.  Currently,  the 
emergence  of  large  technology  companies  and  digital  companies  are  obliging  the  financial  sector  to  rethink  user 
experience, with customer trust being fundamental. 

Artificial  intelligence  (AI)  and  big  data  are  two  of  the  technologies  that  are  driving  the  transformation  of  the  financial 
industry. Their adoption by entities  translates into new services for customers  that are more accessible and agile,  and 
into  the  transformation  of 
internal  processes.  AI  allows,  among  other  things,  personalized  products  and 
recommendations to be  offered to customers, and decisions to be made more intelligently. Data is the cornerstone  of 
the  digital  economy.  The  use  of  algorithms  based  on  big  data  can  lead  to  the  development  of  new  advisory  tools  for 
managing personal finances and access to products, which until recently were only available to high-value segments. 

Additionally,  with  behavioral  economics,  tailor-made  experiences  could  be  built  for  each  client,  with  the  objective  of 
helping them with their finances, and that they can make better informed decisions according to their needs. It is about 
integrating what is known about how people make decisions—the real mechanics of what it means to make a decision—
into the way of working. 

As for the creation  of  startups, financial  services could evolve by becoming more closely integrated with  other digital 
experiences. The evolution towards models of platforms and/or ecosystems is consolidated, so that smaller companies 
can access customers. 

Quantum computing will mean a drastic change for financial services, and for broader aspects of the global economy 
and  society  in  general.  The  biggest  impact  is  in  the  field  of  communications,  cybersecurity,  as  well  as  in  detection 
equipment, Internet operation, supply chain logistics and other aspects related to scientific research and finance. 

Finally,  developments  in  open  finance,  decentralized  finance  (DeFi)  and  blockchain  have  a  significant  and  positive 
impact on how banking can be increasingly inclusive and at the same time contribute more to sustainability. For example, 
blockchain and new digital assets could favor sustainability by guaranteeing the traceability of carbon emissions and the 
equitable distribution of value through digital platforms among all participants (not only among rights holders). 

On the other hand, the digital native generation, or the millennials, are one of the main drivers of this transformation. 
Millenials are changing their consumption patterns and even the business culture itself because a significant majority of 
them  put  the  values  of  the  company  where  they  aspire  to  work  above  a  salary.  They  also  demand  a  different  way  of 
dealing with banks and the rest of financial institutions. Mobile banking apps are their favorite channel of interaction, as 
they allow them to manage their accounts remotely, whenever and from wherever they want. According to an Accenture 
study, The Future of Payments, 2017, 69% of millennials use them daily or weekly, compared to only 17% of members of 
the  previous  generations.  70%  are  interested  in  digital  payment  advisory  services  and  expense  management  that  can 
provide them a better understanding and control of their personal expenses. 

Likewise, according to the CB Insights report, 2019, Millenials, more than any other generation, are interested in the idea 
that  their  investments  have  a  positive  impact  in  sustainability  and  climate  change.  With  a  real  awareness  of  these 
problems, millennials seek to collaborate with those companies that have these premises as part of their ideology.  

In  this  regard,  it  is  important  to  connect  digitalization  and  sustainability  to  unleash  the  full  potential  of  the  banking 
sector  and  the  financial  system  in  contributing  to  the  UN’s  Sustainable  Development  Goals  (SDGs)  and  the  Paris 
Agreement.  One  of  the  main  areas  in  which  digitalization  is  essential  for  banks  to  promote  sustainable  development  is 
financial  inclusion.  Furthermore,  the  use  of  sustainability-related  data  is  important  if  there  is  to  be  a  progressive 
integration  of  environmental  and  social  risks  into  banks’  risk  management  processes.  The  use  of  big  data  is  crucial  as 
data may be used to provide social initiatives that address new challenges for society. 

In addition, technological transformation provides an opportunity for the financial sector, to the extent that sustainability 
can  no  longer  be  seen  as  a  cost.  Traditionally,  sustainable  solutions  offered  to  customers  were  more  expensive  than 
standard  solutions.  These  solutions  can  now  be  more  efficient  and  affordable,  moving  from  a  market  with  limited 
potential  to  a  larger  and  effective  one.  Specifically,  the  fundamental  technological  changes  in  the  fields  of  energy 
efficiency, renewable energy, efficient mobility and the circular economy, with digitalization as a common denominator 
and the use of digital information and tools as a key element for improving efficiency in all sectors. 

However,  these  opportunities  also  bring  challenges  that  are  important  to  face,  such  as  the  ability  to  narrow  the  digital 
divide,  which  will  allow  for  the  inclusion  of  disadvantaged  social  groups  or  the  reduction  of  biases  that  favor  fairer 
situations.  In  this  new  scenario  it  is  necessary  to  work  on  improving  financial  and  digital  education,  improving 
technological infrastructures and an adequate regulatory framework. 

 
 
10 

Regulatory Environment 

The regulatory environment of the financial industry during the financial year 2019 was characterized by continuity and 
focused  on  completing  and  implementing  previous  regulatory  initiatives,  most  of  them  related  to  the  Basel  and  crisis 
management frameworks; the debate on the major ongoing European projects such as the banking union, the capital 
market union and the single digital market continued. Progress was made in regulating reference indices and reforming 
the  EURIBOR,  in  sustainable  finance,  and  in  developing  adequate  regulation  for  the  use  of  new  technologies  in  the 
banking  sector.  In  the  European  Union  (EU),  the  institutions  were  renewed  as  a  result  of  the  European  Parliament 
elections held in May and the establishment of a new European Commission. 

1.  Progress in measures to reduce risks in the banking sector 

Prudential Framework 

The  banking  package  for  risk  reduction,  which  includes  a  set  of  new  measures  and  the  revision  of  other  measures 
already  in  force,  was  approved  in  2019  with  the  aim  of  continuing  to  reduce  risks  in  the  EU  banking  sector.  The  new 
legislative  package  reviews  both  the  prudential  framework  (CRR2  and  CRD  IV)  and  the  framework  that  governs  the 
restructuring  and  resolution  of  banks  (BRRD2  and  SRMR2),  and  includes:  (i)  the  incorporation  of  the  latest  Basel 
standards  (excluding  the  completion  of  Basel);  ii)  the  requirement  for  Total  Loss-Absorbing  Capacity  (TLAC),  which 
requires that institutions of global systemic importance have a greater capacity for loss absorption and recapitalization; 
and iii) the incorporation of technical adjustments identified in previous years. There will be a transposition period of 1.5 
to  2  years,  depending  on  the  regulation,  although  some  regulations  will  come  into  force  immediately  (TLAC  for  the  G-
SIIs). The review is reflected in two regulations and two directives, which have been in force since June. 

Non-Performing Loans 

The European Commission introduced a new prudential requirement that affects loans granted as of April 26, 2019 and 
in the event that at some point they become considered doubtful. A capital requirement is established for the difference 
between the prudential requirement and the amount  of the provisions constituted, which depends on the age in which 
the exposures are classified as doubtful and the value of the guarantees provided in the operations. 

Measures to reduce risks in banks  

In  2019,  work  was  carried  out  at  a  technical  level  so  that  (i)  political  negotiations  resumed  on  the  European  Deposit 
Insurance Scheme (EDIS); (ii) the legislative text of the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) was drafted, which is likely 
to become the common backstop to the Single Resolution Fund (SRF) with a maximum allocation of €60,000m; (iii) the 
first  approaches  on  the  harmonization  of  the  national  insolvency  laws  were  completed;  and  iv)  initial  discussions  were 
held on creating a common risk-free asset, the so-called Sovereign Bond-Backed Security (SBBS). These measures will 
contribute to reducing risks in EU banks and completing the banking union. 

Foreign banking organizations in the United States 

The two most  important standards published in 2019 for foreign banking organizations  (FBOs) operating in the United 
States  are  the  adjustment  of  reinforced  prudential  regulations  and  the  reform  of  the  Volcker  rule.  With  regards  to  the 
adjustment,  considering  the  bank’s  exposure  in  the  United  States  primarily  as  a  measure  to  decide  applicable 
requirements, smaller entities will benefit from a lower regulatory and supervisory burden, being exempt from standard 
liquidity requirements, or stress tests, for example. The change in the Volcker rule will mean a lower burden for banks to 
show they comply with reporting regulations. 

2.  Progress in the union of capital markets 

The European Commission made progress in 2019 in some of its outstanding Capital Markets Union (CMU) action plans. 
The STS Regulation on securitization was adopted, and the Revision of the Directive and the Covered Bonds Framework 
(known  as  cédulas  in  Spain)  was  passed  to  boost  both  markets.  In  addition,  the  European  Banking  Authority  (EBA) 
issued advice on a proposal to create an STS framework for synthetic securitization. Finally, a set of measures that will 
affect the prudential supervision of investment services companies and strengthen the coordination and powers of the 
European Supervisory Authorities were adopted. 

On the other hand, sustainable finance is part of the capital markets union’s efforts to connect finance to the specific 
needs of the EU’s agenda on a carbon neutral economy. In 2018, the European Commission published its Action Plan on 
Sustainable  Finance,  and  continued  its  development  in  2019  with  the  presentation  of  the  Reflection  Paper:  Towards  a 
Sustainable  Europe  by  2030,  the  preparation  of  the  first  reports  and  the  agreement  of  a  common  taxonomy.  This 
initiative  establishes  a  common  language  and  is  likely  to  become  a  classification  tool  to  help  investors  and  companies 

 
 
11 

identify 

make  environmentally  friendly  decisions.  This  taxonomy,  which  classifies  economic  activities,  can  be  used  for  green 
investment  products  and  strategies  that  actually  finance  sustainable  activities. 
products  and  also  to 
Furthermore,  the  European  Parliament  approved  the  proposed  regulation  to  establish  a  framework  that  enables 
sustainable  investment  (on  a  provisional  basis),  and  the  Network  of  Central  Banks  and  Supervisors  for  Greening  the 
Financial  System  (NGFS)  of  which  the  European  Central  Bank  (ECB),  the  Bank  of  Spain  and  the  European  Banking 
Authority (EBA), among others, are members, published its first report and its Sustainable and Responsible Investment 
Guide. 

3.  Regulation of digital transformation in the financial sector 

The digital transformation of the financial sector continued to be a priority for the authorities in 2019, who continued to 
develop  and  implement  the  action  plans  and  strategies  outlined  in  2018.  In  Europe,  the  EBA  revised  its  guidelines  on 
outsourcing,  which  together  with  other  initiatives  led  by  the  European  Commission,  aim  to  create  a  harmonized 
framework at a European level to adopt cloud computing technology in the financial sector. In addition, the EBA and the 
other European supervisory authorities launched the European Forum for Innovation Facilitators, a network that aims to 
improve  cooperation  between  national  authorities  on  technological  innovation  issues  in  the  financial  sector.  The  new 
cybersecurity  regulation,  which  strengthens  the  powers  of  the  European  Union  Agency  on  this  topic,  also  came  into 
force. Furthermore, in Mexico, the financial authorities developed the bulk of a set of laws derived from the Fintech Law 
this year. 

In addition, in 2019 most of the implementation of the technical standards of the new internal market Payment Services 
Directive in the internal market (PSD2) was carried out. This directive regulates access to customer payment accounts 
by third parties that may offer information-aggregation services and initiate payments. The main regulatory milestone in 
2019 was the entry into force of third-party authentication and access obligations in September, resulting in increased 
security for electronic payments. However, some financial institutions will have a transitional period until December 31, 
2020. 

Another  relevant  development  related  to  payments  in  Europe  was  the  adoption  of  a  new  regulation  to  increase 
transparency  in  cross-border  payments.  This  initiative  is  joined  by  the  ECB  and  the  European  Commission’s  main 
concern on how to develop pan-European payment solutions based on the instant payment infrastructure. In Spain, the 
regulatory framework that establishes the obligation of banks to offer basic payment accounts was completed in the first 
quarter  of  the  year,  and  in  December  the  transposal  of  PSD2  to  the  national  legal  framework  was  completed  with  the 
publication of a Royal Decree Law that establishes the legal framework for payment companies and a Ministerial Order 
that establishes the transparency requirements. 

Digitization  makes  the  storage,  processing  and  exchange  of  large  volumes  of  data  possible.  Once  the  regulatory 
framework for ensuring data privacy and integrity was implemented, which in Europe came into fruition with the General 
Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - in force since May 2018, in 2019 the discussion focused on how to take advantage 
of data opportunities. Furthermore, the European Commission identified Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a priority, with the 
aim  of  increasing  the  competitiveness  of  the  EU,  for  which  a  guide,  with  principles  to  ensure  that  European  AI 
developments are reliable, was published.  

Finally, in the field of crypto assets, the International Financial Action Group issued recommendations in June 2019 to 
address  the  risks  of  money  laundering  in  this  type  of  activity,  especially  as  new  players,  including  some  financial 
institutions and large technology companies, announced their intention to join the market. In October, a working group 
led by the G7 published a report that analyzed the impact and regulatory fit of emerging initiatives in the field of so-called 
stable currencies or stablecoins, which share many traits with traditional crypto assets but seek to stabilize the price of 
the  currency  in  different  ways.  Finally,  in  December,  the  European  Commission  and  the  Basel  Committee  issued 
consultation papers on a possible regulatory framework for crypto assets and on the prudential treatment of exposures 
of financial entities to them, respectively. 

4.  Reference indices 

In  2019,  the  European  institutions  continued  to  work  on  reforming  interest  rate  indices  and  transitioning  to  new 
alternative  indices  that  are  in  line  with  the  Reference  Index  Regulation  (EU)  2016/1011.  In  October,  the  ECB  began 
publishing the €STR (Euro short-term rate)1, a short-term interest rate of the euro, reflecting the funding cost of euro-
zone  credit  institutions  for  overnight  deposits  on  the  wholesale  market.  With  regard  to  the  EURIBOR,  a  new  hybrid 
calculation  methodology,  which  includes  real  transactions,  was  developed  in  2019  to  adapt  to  the  new  regulatory 
requirements.  This  new  methodology  was  approved  by  the  relevant  authorities  and  there  will  be  no  need  to  modify 
existing contracts. 

1  The  €STR  will  gradually  replace  the  EONIA  and  will  be  calculated  as  a  volume-weighted  average  of  individual  transactions  in  the 
European  monetary  market  that  50  entities  must  report  to  the  ECB  on  a  daily  basis  under  the  Money  Market  Statistical  Reporting 
Regulation (MMSR) 1333/2014. 

 
                                                                    
12 

In the United Kingdom, the Bank of England has already reformed the SONIA (Sterling Overnight Index Average), and the 
term-SONIA  (still  pending)  is  expected  to  replace  LIBOR  GBP.  Other  countries  such  as  the  United  States,  Switzerland 
and  Japan,  also  began  to  choose  alternative  indices  to  facilitate  the  transition  toward  an  environment  with  a  lower 
dependence on IBORs (interbank offered rates). For more information, see the section Regulatory and reputational risks 
- IBOR Reform within the Risk Management chapter of this Management Report. 

5.  Brexit 

With  regards  to  the  outlook  of  the  effect  of  Brexit  on  the  European  financial  system,  in  2019  work  was  carried  out  to 
develop contingency plans for both financial institutions and regulators (recognition of clearing houses, eligibility of debt 
instruments, among others). 

After the approval of the withdrawal agreement between the United Kingdom and the European Union, the risk of a short-
term  No-deal  Brexit  has  been  eliminated,  since  the  transition  period  will  allow  the  institutions  to  operate  under  the 
current  conditions.  After  having  finished  this  period  (December  31,  2020  or  later  if  an  extension,  something  that  the 
British side has ruled out, will be agreed), the risk of a No-deal Brexit will occur again. 

Therefore,  2020  will  be  a  key  year  for  determining  how  the  future  relationship  between  the  United  Kingdom  and  the 
European Union will be. As the time to negotiate a comprehensive trade deal, it is expected that the future relationship 
regarding  financial  services  is  based  on  an  equivalence  framework.  The  political  statement  that  goes  along  with  the 
withdrawal agreement includes references to the commitment from both sides to evaluate by the middle of the year the 
possibility  to  use  equivalencies  where  it  should  be  possible.  This  could  be  important  to  mitigate  some  of  the 
consequences for the financial system, especially for such sensitive topics like the recognition of clearing houses. 

 
Strategy and business model  

BBVA’s Transformation Journey 

BBVA boosted its transformation in 2015 with the definition of its purpose, six strategic priorities and the values that 
have  led  its  strategy  in  the  last  years.  BBVA’s  aspiration  was  focused  on  strengthening  the  relationship  with  the 
customer, in order to obtain its trust, managing its finances through a simple and digital value proposition, offering the 
best customer experience. 

13 

In  developing  its  transformation  strategy,  BBVA  has  achieved  a  relevant  progress  in  the  last  years,  which  has  been 
translated into excellent results in its main metrics. 

The client base has increased and today BBVA has more clients who are even more satisfied and loyal. Its commitment 
to the client is reflected in a growth of almost nine million (2015-2019) and in the leadership position in the satisfaction 
index (NPS) in most of the geographies. 

BBVA  has  also  made  significant  advances  in  the  digitization  of  its  clients,  relationship  model  and  value  proposition. 
Today,  more  than  50%  of  the  clients  regularly  use  the  mobile  channel  to  interact  with  BBVA,  which  indicates  2015’s 
figure has tripled.  

Digital channels are accelerating sales growth and client acquisition. Digital sales represented in 2019, in terms of value, 
45% of total sales, and almost 60% in units, versus levels of 10% and 16% respectively at the beginning of 2016.  

 
 
 
Additionally, BBVA’s app has been considered the best mobile app globally in 2019, the third year in a row, according to 
Forrester Research, followed by Garanti BBVA’s app in second place.  

14 

BBVA  is  transforming  its  way  of  doing  business  and  its  corporate  culture.  The  values  are  at  the  core  of  the  strategy 
guiding the Group towards achieving its purpose. Also, BBVA has implemented tools for higher productivity, such as the 
Single  Development  Agenda,  for  the  prioritization  of  resources  in  the  execution  of  projects,  and  a  new  “Agile” 
organization  model.  Additionally,  in  2019  BBVA  adopted  a  common  global  brand  in  order  to  unify  its  name  and 
corporate  identity  in  its  franchises  and  offer  all  its  clients  a  unique  value  proposition  and  a  homogeneous  customer 
experience, which are distinctive aspects of a global company.  

 
 
 
 
15 

Evolution in the Strategic Priorities 

In 2019, BBVA carried out a strategic review process to continue going in depth into its transformation and adapting itself 
to the major trends that are reshaping the world and the financial services industry: 

●  A challenging macroeconomic outlook, characterized by a rising uncertainty at a global level, lower economic 
growth, low interest rates, increasing regulatory requirements, geopolitical tensions and the emergence of new 
risks (cybersecurity, etc.). 

●  An  evolution  in  clients’  behaviors  and  expectations.  Clients  demand  more  digital,  simple  and  personalized 

value propositions, based on greater advice to make the best decisions.  

●  A strong competitive environment, where digitization is already a common priority for banks and the role of 
BigTech companies and ecosystems is rising as they are offering financial services within their global solutions 
with an excellent customer experience.  

●  The general concern in society is to achieve a sustainable and inclusive world. Climate change is a reality 
and  all  the  stakeholders  (consumers,  companies,  investors,  regulators  and  public  institutions)  have  set 
achieving  a  more  sustainable  world  as  a  priority.  The  transition  towards  that  sustainable  world  has  major 
economic implications and the financial sector must play a very active role to ensure success of this evolution. 

●  Data has become a key differentiation factor and data management generates solid competitive advantages as 
it enables offering a customized value proposition, improves processes’ automation to enhance efficiency and 
reduces  operational  risks.  Data  also  entails  the  management  of  new  risks  with  relevant  implications  (privacy, 
security, ethics, etc.). 

In  this  context,  BBVA’s  strategy  has  evolved  with  six  strategic  priorities  which  aim  to  accelerate  and  deepen  the 
Group’s transformation and the achievement of its purpose.  

BBVA’s new strategy is composed of three blocks and six strategic priorities. 

1. Improving our clients’ financial health 

Digitization allows a greater capacity to help clients manage their finances and, overall, to make better financial decisions, 
through personalized advice based on the use of data and artificial intelligence. BBVA aspires to be the trusted financial 
partner for its clients in the day-to-day management and control of their finances in order to help them improve their 
financial health and achieve their goals.  

2. Helping our clients transition towards a sustainable future 

The transition towards a sustainable economy is today a priority for all stakeholders. BBVA aims to play a relevant role in 
developing a more sustainable and inclusive world, as society demands, and helping its clients in the transition towards a 
more sustainable future.  

Specifically, BBVA aims to make a significant contribution in the fight against climate change, helping its clients in the 
transition  towards  a  low  carbon  emissions  economy.  Besides,  BBVA  is  committed  to  support  an  inclusive  economic 
development, both through its business and the various social programs fostered by the Group.  

 
 
16 

From  a  business  standpoint,  BBVA  aspires  to  have  an  impact  on  its  clients’  behavior,  mainly  focusing  on  the  United 
Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in which it can have more impact. 

BBVA, as an organization, also aims to lead by example and is committed to meet its sustainable goals (“2025 Pledge”).   

3. Reaching more clients 

BBVA  aims  to  accelerate  its  growth,  positioning  itself  by  being  where  clients  are.  In  the  current  environment,  growth 
requires  a  higher  presence  in  digital  channels,  both  its  own  channels  and  from  third  parties.  Profitability  will  be  a  key 
factor, looking for profitable and sustainable growth in the most attractive segments. 

4. Operational excellence 

BBVA aims to provide an excellent customer experience at an efficient cost.  

BBVA  is  focused  on  a  relationship  model  leveraged  on  digitization,  with  the  goal  to  have  all  its  products  and  services 
digitally available so the commercial network can focus on advice and high value operations. Besides, BBVA is focused on 
an  efficient  and  productive  operating  model  with  automated  and  simple  processes  from  the  use  of  new  technologies 
and data analytics.  

Operational excellence also implies strong management of all risks, both financial and non-financial, a relevant factor in 
the current dynamic environment.  

The optimal capital allocation continues being a key factor in an environment in which capital is still an expensive and 
scarce resource with increasing regulatory requirements.  

5. The best and most engaged team 

The team continues to be a  strategic priority for the Group. BBVA wants to continue  boosting employee engagement 
and  performance  to  achieve  its  purpose.  By  this,  BBVA  positions  itself  as  an  attractive  place  to  work  and  for  talent 
attraction.  

BBVA is an organization which aspires to have its purpose and values at the core of its strategy and the employees’ day-
to-day, with focus on topics such as diversity, equality and work-life balance.  

6. Data and technology 

Data  management  and  new  technologies  are  two  clear  accelerators  to  achieve  the  strategy  and  two  generators  of 
opportunities and competitive advantages. 

On  the  one  hand,  data  is  key  in  generating  a  tangible  impact  in  the  business  and  the  development  of  the  value 
proposition.  BBVA  is  carrying  out  several  initiatives  to  achieve  its  objective  of  being  a  data  driven  organization.  On  the 
other hand, technology is an accelerator of value added solutions at an efficient cost.  

 
 
 
17 

Values 

BBVA is engaged in an open process to identify the Group's values, which took on board the opinion of employees from 
across the global footprint and units of the Group. These Values define BBVA identity and are the pillars for making its 
purpose a reality: 

 

Customer comes first  

BBVA has always been customer-focused, but the customer now comes first before everything else. The Bank aspires to 
take  a  holistic  customer  vision,  not  just  financial.  This  means  working  in  a  way  which  is  empathetic,  agile  and  with 
integrity, among other things.  

o  We are empathetic: we take the customer's viewpoint into account from the outset, putting ourselves in their 

shoes to better understand their needs.  

o  We  have  integrity:  everything  we  do  is  legal,  publishable  and  morally  acceptable  to  society.  We  always  put 

customer interests' first.  

o  We meet their needs: We are swift, agile and responsive in resolving the problems and needs of our customers, 

overcoming any difficulties we encounter.  

  We think big  

It is not about innovating for its own sake but instead to have a significant impact on the lives of people, enhancing their 
opportunities. BBVA Group is ambitious, constantly seeking to improve, not settling for doing things reasonably well, but 
instead seeking excellence as standard.  

o  We are ambitious: we set ourselves ambitious challenges to have a real impact on people's lives.  
o  We break the mold: we question everything we do to discover new ways of doing things, innovating and testing 

new ideas which enables us to learn.  

o  We amaze our customers: we seek excellence in everything we do in order to amaze our customers, creating 

unique experiences and solutions which exceed their expectations.  

  We are one team  

People are what matters most to the Group. All employees are owners and share responsibility in this endeavor. We tear 
down silos and trust in others as we do ourselves. We are BBVA.  

o 

o 

o 

I am committed: I am committed to my role and my objectives and I feel empowered and fully responsible for 
delivering them, working with passion and enthusiasm.  
I  trust  others:  I  trust  others  from  the  outset  and  work  generously,  collaborating  and  breaking  down  silos 
between areas and hierarchical barriers.  
I  am  BBVA:  I  feel  ownership  of  BBVA.  The  Bank's  objectives  are  my  own  and  I  do  everything  in  my  power  to 
achieve them and make our Purpose a reality. 

The values are reflected in the daily life of all BBVA Group employees, influencing every decision. 

The implementation and adoption of these values is supported by the entire Organization, including senior management, 
launching local and global initiatives which ensure these values are adopted uniformly throughout the Group.In 2019, the 
values and behaviors were included in all professional development model processes and the Talent & Culture policies, 
as well as actively present in the quarterly demos (SDA 2.0), both at the global scale and locally, reaching more than 500 
shared initiatives to foster corporate culture. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
18 

One of the main hallmarks of BBVA is its purpose and values, as well as its status as a data-driven organization, which is 
to say that decisions are made based on data, ultimately in order to improve the customer experience. In 2019, the Bank 
made  progress  in  strengthening  its  distinguishing  features  by  holding  the  second  edition  of  global  Values  Day,  a 
milestone  in  BBVA’s  culture  that  aims  to  celebrate,  internalize  and  live  its  values.  More  than  82,000  employees 
participated  in  this  online  conference,  via  its  web  app,  and  37,000  endeavored  to  showcase  the  Bank’s  values  with 
specific behaviors linked to the purpose, thereby compiling more than 10,000 case studies on how to apply the corporate 
culture.  This  edition  of  the  conference  was  also  used  to  reach  out  to  customers,  with  over  16,000  opinions  received, 
helping to understand the extent to which BBVA meets their current needs and how it can continue helping them in the 
future.  

A  new  initiative  was  also  created  in  2019  to  encourage  an  entrepreneurial  attitude  in  the  Group,  which  emerged  from 
employee  feedback  on  Values  Day  2018.  The  name  of  this  initiative  is  Values  Challenge  and  it  is  a  program  aimed  at 
making  employees  take  an  active  part  in  the  transformation  of  the  Group,  cooperating  in  the  development  of  projects 
over a period of two months so that their ideas can be implemented at the Group. The first edition of the program held 
was attended by 500 employees from around the world. 

 
 
 
19 

Materiality 

In 2019, BBVA updated its materiality analysis with the intention of prioritizing the most relevant issues for both its key 
stakeholders and its business. The materiality matrix is one of the sources that feeds the Group's strategic planning and 
determines the priority issues to report on. 

This analysis included this year, specifically issues relevant to BBVA in Turkey. Therefore, the 2019 analysis includes the 
material issues of Spain, Mexico, the United States, Turkey, Argentina, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela. 

The materiality analysis phases have been as follows: 

1.  Verification of the validity of the list of relevant issues that were identified last year, based on information from 

the usual listening and dialog tools.  

2.  Prioritization of issues according to their importance for stakeholders following last year’s methodology. BBVA 
carried out a series of interviews and ad-hoc surveys in the countries covered by the study in order to learn the 
priorities  of  various  stakeholders  (customers,  employees,  investors).  Datamaran  was  used  as  a  data  analysis 
tool for other stakeholders in all countries except Turkey, where local Turkish sources were used. Together, the 
sources  that  made  it  possible  to  complete  the  analysis  of  stakeholders,  global  trends  and  key  issues  in  the 
sector are: 

3.  Prioritization of issues according to their impact on BBVA’s business strategy. The strategy team has assessed 
how  each  issue  impacts  the  six  Strategic  Priorities.  The  most  relevant  issues  for  BBVA  are  those  that  help  to 
achieve its strategy as well as possible. 

 
 
 
 
The result of this analysis is contained in the Group's materiality matrix. 

20 

Therefore, the six most relevant issues are:  

  Solvency and sustainable results: Stakeholders expect BBVA to be a robust and solvent bank with sustainable 
results,  thus  contributing  to  the  stability  of  the  system.  They  demand  a  business  model  that  responds  to 
changes in the context: disruptive technologies, new competitors, geopolitical issues, etc.  

 

 

Ethical behavior and consumer protection: Stakeholders expect BBVA to behave in a comprehensive manner 
and to protect clients or depositors by acting transparently, offering products that are appropriate to their risk 
profile and managing the ethical challenges presented by certain new technologies with integrity. 

Easy, fast and do it yourself (DIY): Stakeholders expect to work with BBVA in an agile and simple way, at any 
time and from anywhere, leveraging the use of new technologies that will allow for greater operational efficiency, 
generating value for shareholders. 

  Adequate  and  timely  advice  to  customers:  Stakeholders  expect  BBVA  to  provide  appropriate  solutions  to 
customers’  personal  needs  and  circumstances  and  to  proactively  help  them  in  the  management  of  their 
finances and their financial health while providing proactive and excellent customer service. 

  Cybersecurity and responsible use of data: Stakeholders expect their data to be secure at BBVA and for it to 

be used only for agreed purposes, always complying with current law. This is essential to maintain trust. 

  Corporate  governance:  Stakeholders  expect  BBVA  to  have  strong  corporate  governance  with  an  adequate 
composition  of  governance  bodies,  solid  decision-making  processes,  accountability  and  control  processes, 
which are all well documented. 

Information  on  the  Group's  performance  in  these  relevant  matters  in  2019  is  reflected  in  the  various  chapters  of  this 
Management Report. 

 
 
  
 
21 

Responsible banking 

At  BBVA  we  have  a  differential  banking  model,  based  on  seeking  out  a  return  adjusted  to  principles,  strict  legal 
compliance, best practices and the creation of long-term value for all stakeholders. It is reflected in the Bank's Corporate 
Social  Responsibility  Policy.  The  policy's  mission  is  to  manage  the  responsibility  for  the  Bank's  impact  on  people  and 
society, which is key to the delivery of BBVA's purpose. 

All the Group’s business and support areas integrate this policy into their operational models. The Responsible Business 
Unit coordinates the implementation and basically operates as a second line for defining standards and offering support. 

The four pillars of BBVA's responsible banking are as follows: 

  Balanced relations with its customers, based on transparency, clarity and responsibility. 

  Sustainable  finance  to  combat  climate  change,  respect  human  rights  and  achieve  the  UN  Sustainable 

Development Goals (SDGs). 

  Responsible practices with employees, suppliers and other stakeholders. 

  Community investment to promote social change and create opportunities for all.  

In  2018,  BBVA  approved  its  2025  Pledge  to  climate  change  and  sustainable  development  to  contribute  to  the 
achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and aligned with the Paris Agreement. This commitment is 
described in the Sustainable finance chapter. 

 
22 

Customer relationship 

Solutions for customers 

In  recent  years,  BBVA  has  focused  on  offering  the  best  customer  experience,  distinguished  by  its  simplicity, 
transparency and speed, and increasing the empowerment of customers and offering them a personalized advice.  

In  order  to  continue  improving  customer  solutions,  the  Group’s  value  proposition  evolved  throughout  the  year  2019 
around seven axis on which global programs were developed, related to both retail projects and companies projects: 

  Growth in customers through own and third-party channels. 

  Growth in revenue with a focus on profitable segments. 

  Value proposition - Differentiation through customer advice. 

  Operational efficiency. 

  Data-focused capabilities and enablers. 

  New Business Models. 

  A Global Entity. 

These  solutions  can  be  divided  into  two  large  groups:  Those  that  allow  the  customer  to  access  the  services  in  a  more 
convenient and simple way (Do it yourself - DIY) and those that provide customers with personalized advice, offering 
them  products  or  information  specific  to  their  current  situation.  These  last  two  items  are  particularly  important  in  the 
new strategic related to the commitment to improve customers’ financial health. 

Solutions for customers in 2019 include the following: 

 

The  DIY  mobile  banking  platform  GLOMO  stands  out  in  the  retail  banking  (individuals  and  SMEs)  area.  This 
solution is constantly being improved by features such as 100% digital registration: Using biometrics, the user 
can be identified from one of their unique physical characteristics, such as the face, voice or fingerprint, and this 
makes  the  digital  registration  process  simpler  and  easier.  At  the  same  time,  this  platform  allows  us  to  offer 
advice solutions, maximizing the number of customers reached. Examples of these solutions include Program 
your  account,  which  allows  customers  to  set  rules  in  managing  their  finances,  or  My  Travel,  a  digital  solution 
available  in  Spain  and  Uruguay,  which  allows  customers  to  control  their  travel  expenses  via  a  custom 
dashboard. 

  BBVA has solutions for companies, which allow clients to interact with the Bank as legal entities in the manner 
that most suits their needs. One of these solutions is the Digital Client Acquisition (DCA), a fully digital enterprise 
registration  process  for  SMEs,  that  allows  opening  a  fully  operational  account  and  digital  channel  in  just  10 
minutes,  thanks  to  the  use  of  the  Spanish  legal  digital  certificate  or  “Netcash”,  an  application  that  has  been 
launched in several countries. 

BBVA’s  customer  solutions  are  leveraged  on  the  improvement  of  design  capabilities  and  the  use  of  data  for  analysis. 
They also contribute positively to increasing digital sales and improving the main customer satisfaction indicators, such 
as the Net Promoter Score (NPS), shown in the following section, and the drop-out ratio. 

BBVA  therefore  occupies  the  first  positions  in  the  NPS,  which  is  reflected  in  the  retention  data,  which  show  a  positive 
evolution  in  the  levels  of  customer  drop-outs  (retail  customers  and  SMEs)  and  a  greater  commitment  from  digital 
customers, whose drop-out rate is 49.7% lower than non-digital customers.  

Likewise, the data of Group total active customers is also showing a positive trend with an increase of 3.1 million in 2019 
(+8.8 million since 2015), with positive developments in all the countries in which BBVA is present. 

Net Promoter Score 

The 
internationally  recognized  Net  Promoter  Score  (NPS)  methodology,  measures  customers’  willingness  to 
recommend a company and therefore, the level of satisfaction of BBVA’s customers with its different products, channels 
and services. This index is based on a survey that measures  on a scale of zero to ten  whether a bank’s customers are 
promoters (a score of nine or ten), passives (a score of seven or eight) or detractors (a score of zero to six) when asked if 
they would recommend their bank, a specific channel or a specific customer journey to a friend or family member. This 
information  is  vital  for  checking  for  alignment  between  customer  needs  and  expectations  and  implemented  initiatives, 
establishing plans that eliminate detected gaps and providing the best experiences. 

The  Group’s  consolidation  and  application  of  this  methodology  over  the  last  nine  years  has  led  to  a  steady  increase  in 
customers’ level of trust, as they recognize BBVA to be one of the most secure and recommendable banking institutions 
in every country where it operates. 

 
23 

As of December 2019, BBVA ranked first in the retail NPS indicator in six countries: Spain, Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, 
Peru and Paraguay, and second in Turkey and Uruguay, while in the commercial NPS indicator BBVA ranked the leading 
position in six countries: Mexico, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Paraguay and Uruguay. 

Transparent, Clear and Responsible Communication 

Transparency, Clearness and Responsibility (TCR) are three principles that are systematically integrated into the design 
and implementation of the main solutions, deliverables and experiences for customers. 

The  objectives  pursued  are  designed  to  help  customers  make  good  life  decisions,  maintain  and  increase  their 
confidence in the Bank and increase their recommendation rates.  

Three work lines have been developed to turn these principles into reality: 

 

 

Implementing  the  TCR  principles  in  new  digital  solutions  through  the  participation  of  TCR  experts  in  the 
conceptualization  and  design  of  these  solutions,  especially  in  massive  impact  solutions  for  retail  customers 
(mobile apps, digital contracting processes, consumer finance solutions, etc.). 

Incorporating  the  TCR  principles  into  the  creation  and  maintenance  of  key  content  for  customers  (product 
sheets, contracts, sales scripts and responses to claim letters). 

  Awareness raising and training on TCR throughout the Group, through workshops, online training and a virtual 

community.  

After the advances in transparency and clarity in recent years, the emphasis in 2019 was on promoting financial health, 
particularly in new digital solutions. Financial health is defined as the dynamic relationship between health and personal 
finance and is reached when the individual makes decisions and adopts behaviors, routines and habits that allow them to 
be in a better financial situation to overcome crises and achieve their objectives. Financial and economic resources affect 
physical and social wellness. 

The  project  is  coordinated  by  a  global  team  working  together  with  a  network  of  local  owners  located  in  the  main 
countries  in  which  the  Group  is  present,  and  various  departments  and  individuals  from  the  Entity  participate  in  its 
implementation. 

Indicators 

BBVA uses an indicator, the Net TCR Score (NTCRS), which is calculated following the same methodology of the NPS 
and allows measuring the degree to which customers perceive BBVA as a transparent and clear bank, compared to its 
peers, in the main countries where the Group is present. As of December 2019, BBVA ranked first in the NTCRS indicator 
in five countries: Spain, Argentina, Peru, Uruguay and Paraguay, and the second in Mexico, Turkey and Colombia. 

In 2019, a financial health indicator, Net Financial Health Score (NFHS) was incorporated, which, like the previous one, is 
calculated following the same methodology of the NPS and allows measuring the degree to which customers perceive if 
BBVA supports them in looking after their personal finances compared to its peers. As of December 2019, BBVA ranked 
first in the NFHS indicator in four countries: Spain, Mexico, Colombia and Peru, and second in Turkey and Argentina. This 
indicator is on implementation phase in Uruguay and Paraguay. 

 
 
  
 
 
 
24 

Customer care 

Complaints and claims 

BBVA has a claims management model based on two key aspects: the agile resolution of claims and, most importantly, 
the analysis and eradication of the causes’ origin. This model is part of the BBVA Group’s overall customer experience 
strategy, having a very significant impact on improving the different customer journeys and positively transforming the 
customer experience.  

In  2019,  the  Group’s  various  claims  units  worked  to  reduce  response  times,  improve  clarity  of  such  responses  and 
proactively  identify  potential  problems  to  prevent  them  from  becoming  a  cause  of  large  claims.  BBVA  seeks  to  find  a 
quick  solution  to  problems  with  the  aim  of  improving  customer  confidence  through  a  simple  and  agile  experience  and 
with a clear and personalized response. 

In short, the management of complaints and claims at BBVA is an opportunity to strengthen customers’ confidence in 
the Group. 

MAIN INDICATORS OF CLAIMS (BBVA GROUP) 

Number of claims before the banking authority for each 10.000 active customers 

Average time for setting claims (natural days) 

Claims settled by First Contact Resolution (FCR) (% over total claims) 

2019 

8.69 

6 

23 

2018 

9.40 

7 

26 

The volume of claims for every 10,000 active customers  registered in 2019 decreased by 2.7% compared to the 2018 
figure, basically as a result of the improvements implemented in the claims management process in the Group, especially 
in  Spain  and  in  Mexico.  The  latter  country,  as  a  consequence  of  its  largest  customer  base,  is  the  one  that  records  the 
largest number of claims. 

CLAIMS BEFORE THE BANKING AUTHORITY BY COUNTRY (NUMBER FOR EACH 10.000 ACTIVE CUSTOMERS) (1) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Argentina 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Portugal 
Scope: BBVA Group. 

2019 

1.48 

4.08 

14.63 

4.46 

0.09 

33.51 

4.05 

0.16 

0.07 

0.40 

14.52 

2018 

3.54 

4.56 

17.94 

4.03 

1.11 

21.56 

1.19 

0.47 

1.19 

0.68 

21.92 

(1) The banking authority refers to the external body in which the customers can complain against BBVA. 

The  Group’s  average  claim resolution  time  improved  at  6  days  in  2019,  with  an  improvement  of  1  day,  specifically  in 
Spain, the United States and Peru. 

 
 
 
 
AVERAGE TIME FOR SETTING CLAIMS BY COUNTRY (NATURAL DAYS) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Argentina 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Portugal 

25 

2018 

10 

5 

5 

2 

7 

5 

9 

14 

6 

7 

3 

2019 

8 

3 

6 

4 

8 

6 

7 

16 

11 

8 

3 

Claims  settled  by  the  First  Contact  Resolution  (FCR)  model,  which  consists  in  the  resolution  of  the  claim  in  the  first 
notice, and account for 23% of total claims, thanks to the fact that the management and handling of these claims aims to 
reduce resolution times and increase the service quality, thus improving the customer experience. 

CLAIMS SETTLE BY FIRST CONTACT RESOLUTION (FCR. PERCENTAGE OVER TOTAL CLAIMS) 

Spain (1) 

The United States 

Mexico 
Turkey (2) 

Argentina 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 
Portugal (3) 

n.a. = not applicable. 

2019 

n.a. 

46 

21 

35 

48 

37 

5 

n.a. 

n.a. 

14 

n.a. 

2018 

n.a.  

54 

30 

38 

21 

69 

8 

n.a.  

39 

14 

n.a.  

(1) In Spain, a FCR type called IRR (Inmediate Resolution Response) applies to credit card incidents, but not to claims. 

(2) In turkey, the weighting is calculated by the total number of customers. 

(3) This kind of management does not apply in Portugal. 

Customer Care Service and Customer Ombudsman in Spain 

In 2019, the activities of the Customer Care Service and Customer Ombudsman were carried out in accordance with the 
stipulations  of  Article  17  of  the  Ministerial  Order  (OM)  ECO/734/2004,  dated  March  11,  of  the  Ministry  of  Economy, 
regarding  customer  care  and  consumer  ombudsman  departments  of  financial  institutions,  and  in  compliance  with  the 
competencies and procedures outlined in BBVA Group’s Regulation for Customer Protection in Spain, approved on July 
23,  2004  by  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors,  and  subsequent  modifications,  the  last  one  being  at  the  end  of  2019  with 
regard  to  regulation  of  the  activities  and  competencies,  complaints  and  claims  related  to  the  Customer  Care  Service 
and Customer Ombudsman. 

Based  on  the  above  regulations,  the  Customer  Care  Service  is  in  charge  of  handling  and  resolving  customers’ 
complaints  and  claims  regarding  products  and  services  marketed  and  contracted  in  Spanish  territory  by  BBVA  Group 
entities.  

On the other hand, and in accordance with the aforementioned regulation, the Customer Ombudsman is made aware of 
and  resolves,  in  the  first  instance,  all  complaints  and  claims  submitted  by  the  participants  and  beneficiaries  of  the 
pension plans. It also resolves those related to insurance and other financial products that BBVA Group Customer Care 
Service considers appropriate to escalate, based on the amount or particular complexity, as established under article 4 
of  the  Customer  Protection  Regulation.  And  in  the  second  instance,  the  Customer  Ombudsman  is  made  aware  of  and 
resolves  the  complaints  and  claims  that  the  customers  decide  to  submit  for  their  consideration  after  their  claim  or 
complaint has been dismissed by the Customer Care Service. 

 
 
 
 
 
26 

Activity report on the Customer Care Service in Spain 

The Customer Care Service works to detect recurring, systemic or potential problems in the Entity, in compliance with 
European claims guidelines established by the relevant authorities, the ESMA (European Securities Market Authority) 
and  the  EBA  (European  Banking  Authority).  Its  activity,  therefore,  goes  beyond  merely  managing  claims,  but  rather,  it 
works to prevent them and in cooperation with other BBVA departments. 

The main types of claims received in 2019 have been, as in previous years, related to mortgage loans. Furthermore, the 
Customer  Care  Service  team  conducted  a  training  course  this  year  on  Law  5/2019  of  March  15,  which  regulates  real 
estate  credit  contracts.  The  aim  was  to  gain  an  understanding  of  the  new  features  of  the  law  and  thus  ensure  the 
managers have an adequate understanding of it.  

Claims of customers admitted to BBVA’s Customer Care Service in Spain amounted to 85.879 cases in 2019, 82.531 of 
which were resolved by the Customer Care Service itself and concluded in the same year, which represents 96% of the 
total.  As  of  December  31,  2019,  3.348  were  pending  analysis.  On  the  other  hand,  17.128  claims  were  not  admitted  for 
processing as they did not meet the requirements set out in OM ECO/734. 35% of the claims received corresponded to 
mortgage loans, mainly mortgage arrangement expenses. 

COMPLAINTS HANDLED BY THE CUSTOMER CARE SERVICE BY COMPLAINT TYPE (PERCENTAGE) 

Type 

Resources 

Assets products 

Insurances 

Collection and other services 

Financial counselling and quality service 

Credit cards 

Securities and equity portfolios 

Other 

Total 

2019 

2018 

35 

24 

3 

5 

5 

16 

1 

11 

29 

39 

3 

5 

4 

13 

1 

6 

100 

100 

COMPLAINTS HANDLED BY THE CUSTOMER CARE SERVICE ACCORDING TO RESOLUTION (NUMBER) 

In favor of the person submiting the complaint 

Partially in favor of the person submitting the complaint 

In favor of the BBVA Group 

Total 

Activity report of the Customer Ombudsman in Spain 

2019 

38,045 

11,449 

33,037 

82,531 

2018 

25,970 

18,563 

37,093 

81,626 

One more year, the Customer Ombudsman, along with the BBVA Group, once more achieved the objective of unifying 
criteria and favoring customer protection and security, making progress in compliance with transparency and customer 
protection regulations. In order to efficiently translate their observations and criteria on the matters submitted for their 
consideration,  the  Ombudsman  promoted  several  meetings  with  the  Group’s  areas  and  units:  Insurance,  Pension  Plan 
Management, Business, Legal Services, etc. 

In this sense, the Customer Ombudsman has been holding a Claims follow-up committee on a monthly basis, with the 
main objective of keeping a permanent dialog with the BBVA Services that contribute to positioning the Group in relation 
to  its  customers.  The  Directors  of  Quality,  Legal  Services  and  the  Customer  Care  Service  attend  this  committee. 
Likewise,  the  Customer  Ombudsman  participates  in  the  Transparency  and  good  practices  committee,  in  which  the 
Bank’s actions are analyzed, in order to adapt them to the regulations on transparency and good banking practices and 
standards.  

In 2019, 3,330 customer claims were filed at the Customer Ombudsman Office (compared to 3,020 in 2018). Of these, 
70  were  not  admitted  to  processing  due  to  a  failure  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  OM  ECO/734/2004  and  207 
were pending as of December 31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPLAINTS HANDLED BY THE CUSTOMER OMBUDSMAN OFFICE BY COMPLAINT TYPE (NUMBER) 
Type 

Insurance and welfare products 

Assets operations 

Investment services 

Liabilities operations 

Other banking products (credit card, ATMs, etc.) 

Collection and payment services 

Other   

Total 

27 

2018 

753 

709 

146 

753 

437 

106 

116 

2019 

808 

794 

173 

515 

707 

140 

193 

3,330 

3,020 

The  categorization  of  the  claims  managed  in  the  previous  table  follows  the  criteria  established  by  the  Complaints 
Department of the Bank of Spain, in its requests for information. 

COMPLAINTS HANDLED BY THE CUSTOMER OMBUDSMAN OFFICE ACCORDING TO RESOLUTION (NUMBER) 

In favor of the person submiting the complaint - Formal resolution 

Partially in favor of the person submitting the complaint - Estimate (in whole or in part) 

In favor of the BBVA Group - Dismissed 

Processing suspended 
Total 

2019 

- 

1,794 

1,259 

- 

3,053 

2018 

- 

1,482 

1,290 

1 

2,773 

57.4% of customers who brought claims before the Customer Ombudsman during the course of the year obtained some 
type of satisfaction, total or partial, by resolution of the Customer Ombudsman Office in 2019. Customers who are not 
satisfied  with  the  Customer  Ombudsman’s  response  can  go  to  the  official supervisory  bodies  (the  Bank  of  Spain,  the 
CNMV  and  General  Directorate  of  Insurance  and  Pension  Funds).  274  claims  were  filed  by  customers  to  supervisory 
bodies in 2019. 

The BBVA Group continues making progress in the implementation of the different recommendations and suggestions of 
the Customer Ombudsman with regard to adapting products to the customer profiles and the need for transparent, clear 
and responsible information throughout the year. In 2019, these recommendations and suggestions focused on raising 
the  level  of  transparency  and  clarity  of  the  information  that  the  Group  provides  for  its  customers,  both  in  terms  of 
commercial offers available to them for each product, and in compliance with the orders and instructions thereof, so that 
the following is guaranteed: 

 

 

 

an understanding by customers of the nature and risks of the financial products offered to them, 

the suitability of the product for the customer profile, and  

the  impartiality  and  clarity  of  the  information  that  the  Entity  targets  at  customers,  including  advertising 
information.  

In addition, and with the advance in the digitalization of the products offered to customers together with the increasing 
complexity thereof, special sensitivity is required with certain groups that, due to their profile, age or personal situation, 
present a certain degree of vulnerability. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28 

Technology and innovation 

BBVA aspires to be the most trusted Bank to give financial advice to all of its customers. To achieve this goal, technology 
plays  a  key  role,  making  available  to  the  business  areas  the  necessary  capacities  to  meet  this  challenge  and  offering 
customers reliable and secure solutions. Thus, technology allows to offer reliable and secure solutions to all customers, 
from  the  most  digitized  to  the  most  traditional.  This  strategy  is  focused  on  incorporating  the  new  capabilities  that 
technology  offers  in  BBVA  to  make  them  available  to  customers  while  operating  in  the  most  efficient  and  reliable  way 
possible. All this through four lines of action: 

  Reliability  and  productivity,  that  is,  to  obtain  the  best  technological  performance  and  to  do  it  reliably, 

guaranteeing the highest quality standards, 

  Based on our new technological stack that allows us to offer customers the most advanced technology and the 

most adjusted service to their needs in a timely manner, 

  Dispose of a strong cybersecurity strategy to face the increase in cybercrime threats, 

  Help BBVA achieve operational excellence through initiatives to streamline and automate processes. 

Reliability and productivity 

One of the main results of BBVA's digital transformation is to improve the reliability of the services provided to customers 
and  increase  the  productivity  of  both  day-to-day  operations  and  the  ability  to  create  new  products.  For  this,  the 
technology with which the Bank works is transformed in terms of: 

  Processing 

o  Reliability  and  cost  infrastructure  pieces  based  on  the  cloud  paradigm  were  created.  In  2019,  Spain 

processed half of its activity in said infrastructure. 

o  These  parts  are  already  available,  being  used  globally,  and  have  been  optimized  to  ensure  that  they  can 

continue to operate reliably during their lifetime and with decreasing unit costs. 

  Software development: global and multilocal functionalities have been developed, which are reused by different 

banks of the Group, and the degree of automation is increasing the technological stack. 

In addition, the creation of a network of strategic alliances that contribute to the progress of the transformation continues 
to  be  promoted  from  the  Engineering  &  Organization  area.  In  this  sense,  an  ecosystem  of  strategic  agreements  with 
some  of  the  reference  companies  in  their  respective  fields  has  been  established,  ensuring  the  adoption  of  innovative 
technologies, the digitalization of the business, the speed of action, and a global deployment of solutions. In recent years, 
alliances  have  been  established  with  industry  leaders,  who  have  helped  to  operate  and  optimize  BBVA's  current 
technology globally, and with start-up companies that, due to their potential, aimed to become market leaders in specific 
capacities. 

New technological stack: cloud paradigms 

Due to the increasing use of digital channels by customers and, consequently, the exponential increase in the number of 
interactions with them, BBVA has evolved and continues to evolve its information technology (IT) model towards a more 
homogeneous, global and scalable one, that drives cloud technologies. 

In 2019, the new platform has become a reality for five countries, which enables BBVA to launch developments in new, 
more  global  and  reusable  technologies,  increasing  thereby  productivity.  This  new  technological  stack  shares  with  the 
cloud  the  attributes  of  flexibility  and  stability  that  the  digital  world  demands,  but  in  perfect  harmony  with  the  strict 
compliance of the regulation. 

Cybersecurity 

In  the  current  context  of  increased  threats  associated  with  cybersecurity,  BBVA  focused  on  protecting  both,  the 
information systems of the business areas and data. 

In  this  sense,  traditional  capabilities  that  focus  on  the  protection  of  the  perimeter  and  information  systems  have  been 
maintained, and advanced threat intelligence and adaptive cybersecurity capabilities have been introduced to protect the 
human  factor  (employees,  customers  and  other  stakeholders),  which  are  considered  the  weakest  links  in  any  cyber 
defense  system,  and  implement  security  systems  with  a  holistic  approach  that  cover  the  entire  life  cycle  of  business 
processes. 

For  its  part,  data  protection  is  an  element  in  BBVA.  To  this  aim,  defense,  resilience  and  recovery  strategies  have  been 
defined  in  three  axes:  data  as  representation  of  financial  assets,  bank  processes  and  as  a  record  of  the  identities  and 
personal information of customers and employees. 

 
29 

For more information about cybersecurity, refer to the section “Customer security and protection” below. 

Operational excellence 

Engineering & Organization area helps to transform the way of working in BBVA, through projects of transformation of 
processes, operations and culture. Since 2017, initiatives, that are  reporting solid improvements, are being carried  out 
throughout the Group to reduce the operating load in the business areas. The objective is to achieve the automation of 
end-to-end processes as from 2020. Additionally, the area led the agile transformation in the Bank, which allows it to be 
more productive while reducing time to market in the development of solutions. 

Customer security and protection 

BBVA’s  Corporate  Security  area  is  responsible  for  ensuring  the  adequate  management  of  information  security, 
establishing  security  policies,  procedures  and  controls  relating  to  the  security  of  the  Group’s  global  infrastructures, 
digital channels and payment methods through a holistic and intelligence-based approach to dealing with threats. 

BBVA’s  information  security  strategy  is  based  on  three  fundamental  pillars:  Cybersecurity,  data  security  and  fraud.  A 
program has been designed for each of these three pillars, with the aim of reducing the risks identified in the developed 
taxonomy. These programs are reviewed to assess progress and the effective impact on the Group’s risks. 

In 2019, the security measures adopted continued to be reinforced in order to guarantee the effective protection of the 
information and assets that support the Bank’s business processes. The implementation of these measures, which are 
necessary  to  mitigate  the  security  risks  to  which  the  Group  is  exposed,  was  carried  out  from  a  global  perspective  and 
with a comprehensive approach, considering not only the technological field, but also those related to people, processes 
and security governance.  

This reinforcement of security measures includes measures designed to protect business processes in a comprehensive 
manner,  addressing  issues  related  to  logical  and  physical  security,  privacy  and  fraud  management.  They  are  also 
designed to ensure compliance with security and privacy principles in the design of new services and products, and to 
improve access control and customer authentication services associated with the provision of online services, both from 
the point of view of security and from that of the customer experience, with a focus on cell phones, in line with BBVA’s 
digital transformation strategy. 

Some of the initiatives undertaken over the year to improve security and customer protection at BBVA include: 

 

 

 

 

the deployment of the new global tokenization platform, which allows for improved security for mobile payments 
by protecting card numbers, 
the  implementation  of  strong  authentication  (using  two  of  the  three  available  factors:  something  you  have, 
something  you  know,  and  something  you  are)  for  account  access  and  payment  initiation,  in  line  with  the 
requirements of the Payment Services Directive (PSD2),  
the  implementation  of  behavioral  biometrics  to  improve  analytical  and  fraud  detection  capabilities  across 
mobile channels, and 
launching a section with security tips in order to raise awareness and train customers on the main cybersecurity 
risks so that they know how to prevent or manage potential threats. 

Communication  and  training  activities  in  the  area  of  security  and  privacy  have  also  continued,  through  training  and 
awareness activities aimed at all employees, customers and the general public through the online channels of bbva.com 
and the social networks. 

Cybersecurity 

Regarding cybersecurity, the Global Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) is the Group’s first line of detection 
and  response  to  cyber-attacks  targeting  global  users  and  the  Group’s  infrastructure,  combining  information  on  cyber 
threats from our Threat Intelligence unit. The Madrid-based Global CERT is made up of approximately 200 people and 
provides services in all the countries in which the Group operates. CERT operates according to a service catalog model 
for  each  country,  under  a  managed  security  services  scheme  for  the  Group,  comprising  around  60  different 
competencies within the catalog. Global CERT is operational 24x7, with lines of operation dedicated to fraud and cyber 
security. 

In  2019,  the  Group  detected  an  increase  in  the  number  of  attacks,  accentuated  by  the  presence  of  organized  crime 
groups specializing in the banking sector and working across several countries. The Group also detected a large increase 
in phishing attacks on retail customers, involving attempted fraud and identity theft. 

As  cyber-attacks  evolve  and  become  more  sophisticated,  the  Group  has  strengthened  its  prevention  and  monitoring 
efforts. 

 
30 

Accordingly,  system  monitoring  capabilities  have  been  increased,  with  particular  attention  being  paid  to  the  critical 
assets  that  support  business  processes  in  order  to  prevent  threats  from  materializing  and,  where  appropriate,  to 
immediately identify any security incidents that may occur. Incident prevention, detection and response capabilities have 
also been strengthened through the use of integrated information sources, improved analytical capabilities and the use 
of automated platforms. 

The  implemented  measures  allow  for  improved  information  security  management  through  a  predictive  and  proactive 
approach,  based  on  the  use  of  digital  intelligence  services  and  advanced  analytical  capabilities.  These  measures  are 
designed to ensure an immediate and effective response to any security incident that may occur, with the coordination of 
the different business and support areas of the Group involved, the minimization of possible negative consequences and, 
if necessary, timely reporting to the relevant supervisory or regulatory bodies. 

BBVA also reviews, reinforces and tests its security processes and procedures through simulation exercises in the areas 
of physical security and digital security. The outcome of these exercises forms a fundamental part of a feedback process 
designed to improve the Group’s cyber security strategies. 

Data protection 

In  the  area  of  personal  data  protection,  2019  has  seen  BBVA  consolidate  the  integration  of  new  regulatory 
requirements  for  data  protection  in  all  areas  and  processes  of  the  Bank.  Among  other  actions,  corporate  tools  were 
implemented  in  order  to  effectively  facilitate  compliance  with  specific  requirements  arising  from  the  General  Data 
Protection Regulations; new specific internal rules on this matter, which are mandatory at BBVA, were also adapted and 
approved. 

Work  has  been  carried  out  since  last  year  on  the  adaptation  processes  of  Organic  Law  3/2018,  of  December  5,  on 
Personal  Data  Protection  and  the  guarantee  of  digital  rights,  an  effort  that  culminated  in  2018  with  the  project  for  the 
implementation  of  the  General  Data  Protection  Regulations  (GDPR),  in  the  Group’s  companies  and  branches  and,  in 
2019,  progress  was  made  with  the  implementation  of  the  necessary  IT  developments  and  procedures  that  confirm 
BBVA’s determination to comply with the data protection regulations integrated into the Bank’s day-to-day operations. 
It  is  a  continuous  and  living  process,  which  means  that  each  new  product  or  service  must  comply  with  privacy 
requirements in its design, requiring a firm commitment to ensure respect for the fundamental right to the protection of 
personal data. The protection of personal data in other areas related to suppliers and employees was also reinforced with 
protocols in line with this regulation. 

In  its  role  as  a  control  specialist,  in  2019  the  Data  Protection  Officer  developed  and  launched  a  testing  plan  to 
periodically review the processes with the greatest impact on data protection in the Group, as identified by the unit itself. 
This  unit  intensified  communication  and  awareness  activities  for  the  entire  Organization,  aiming  to  promote  and 
recognize the importance of this matter within the purpose of our entity as a Data Driven Bank, and actively participated 
in international forums and events where data protection issues are addressed from a multinational and multidisciplinary 
perspective, with representation from supervisory and regulatory bodies.  

Fraud prevention 

Cyber security efforts are often closely coordinated with fraud prevention efforts and there are considerable interactions 
and synergies between the relevant teams. As part of the efforts to monitor the evolution of fraud and actively support 
the  deployment  of  appropriate  anti-fraud  policies  and  measures,  a  Corporate  Fraud  Committee  exists  to  monitor  the 
evolution of all types of external and internal fraud in all countries in which the Group operates. Its functions include: (i) 
actively  monitoring  fraud  risks  and  fraud  mitigation  plans;  (ii)  assessing  the  impact  of  fraud  risks  on  the  Group’s 
businesses  and  customers;  (iii)  monitoring  relevant  fraud  facts,  events  and  trends;  (iv)  monitoring  cumulative  fraud 
cases and losses; (v) conducting internal and external benchmarking; and (vi) monitoring relevant fraud incidents in the 
financial industry. 

The Corporate Fraud Committee is chaired by the head of Engineering & Organization. The Committee is convened three 
times a year.  The composition of  this committee includes representatives from several units  (in particular, Global  Risk 
Management - Retail Credit, Global Risk Management - Non-Financial Risks, Finance, Internal Audit, Corporate Security, 
Client Solutions - Payments, Country Monitoring and Engineering Deployment).  

Lastly,  the  area  of  Business  Continuity,  ensures  BBVA’s  capacity  to  continue  delivering  products  and  services  to  its 
customers in case of a serious security incident or disaster occurs. In 2019, work was carried out along several working 
lines,  including  the  improvement  of  the  Group’s  continuity  management  system,  the  review  of  numerous  business 
impact analyses, the publication of the updated Corporate Business Continuity Management Standards and progress in 
the analysis of technological dependencies, especially in the study of essential critical services. Each year, BBVA carries 
out  simulation  exercises  in  order  to  increase  awareness  and  prepare  certain  key  employees,  including  e-surveillance 
services for the fingerprints of key employees, in order to minimize these risks. 

 
 
31 

Staff information 

People management 

BBVA’s most important asset is its team, the people that make up the Group. For this reason, the team continues to be a 
strategic priority (the best and most committed team). In this sense, BBVA continues promoting the commitment and 
performance of employees to achieve its purpose, accompanying its transformation strategy with different initiatives in 
matters related to staff, such as: 

 

 

 

 

The  creation  of  a  professional  development  model  in  which  BBVA’s  employees  are  the  main  players,  and 
which  is  more  transversal,  transparent  and  effective,  in  such  a  way  that  each  employee  can  play  the role  that 
best suits their profile in order to contribute the greatest value to the Organization, in a committed manner and 
with a focus on their training and professional growth. 

The  strengthening  of  the  agile  organization  model,  in  which  teams  are  directly  responsible  for  what  they  do, 
working based on customer feedback, and are focused on delivering the solutions  that best meet current and 
future customer needs. 

The reinforcement of new knowledge  and  skills that were not previously common in the financial sector, but 
which are key to the new phase in which the Group finds itself (data specialists, customer experience, etc.).  

The strengthening of a corporate culture of collaboration and entrepreneurship, which revolves around a set of 
values and behaviors that are shared by all those who make up the Group and which generate certain identity 
traits that differentiate it from other entities. 

All this makes BBVA a purpose-driven organization, that is, a company that defines its position in order to improve the 
world  and  that  encourages  its  employees  to  feel  proud  in  their  workplace,  guiding  them  in  the  practice  of  the  Bank’s 
values and behaviors in order to achieve its purpose. 

As  of  December  31,  2019,  the  BBVA  Group  had  126,973  employees  located  in  more  than  30  countries,  54%  of  whom 
were  women  and  46%  men.  The  average  age  of  the  staff  was  39.8  years.  The  average  length  of  service  in  the 
Organization was 10.6 years, with a turnover of 7.6% in the year. 

The workforce of the BBVA Group remains in 2019 at similar levels as in the previous year (+1.1%). By areas, there were 
greater growths in Mexico (+ 4.7%) and in Turkey (+1.3%) that were offset by decreases in the United States (-1.5%) and 
South America (-1.6%), staying almost without variation in Spain (- 0.2%) and in the rest of Eurasia (+ 0.2%). 

 
 
 
 
32 

Professional development 

The  people  development  model  was  consolidated  and  rolled  out  in  2018,  a  process  that  culminated  with  the  global 
launch  of  a  new  people  assessment  system.  All  Group  employees  were  invited  to  participate  in  this  system  in  a  360º 
review.  The  assessments  resulting  from  this  process  were  the  basis  for  building  the  BBVA  talent  map,  on  which  the 
BBVA employees differentiated management policies rests. 

The above together with the identification and assessment of the existing roles in the Group makes it possible to get to 
know  the  professional  possibilities  of  the  employees  even  better,  as  well  as  to  establish  individual  development  plans, 
which promote functional mobility and professional growth in an open environment. 

Recruitment and development 

In 2019, 20.494 professionals joined the Group as part of a strategy to attract, recruit and incorporate profiles with the 
new skills required by BBVA as part of its transformation process.  

Programs developed in several countries using this approach throughout the year stand out, such as the second edition 
of the global Young Data Professionals #YDP program, in which 100 young people from Spain, Argentina, Colombia and 
Mexico participated. This program allowed participants to apply their knowledge and learn new skills in real projects with 
strong,  multidisciplinary  teams.  They  receive  top-level  training,  both  in  their  specialty  and  in  transversal  skills,  and  are 
accompanied at all times by mentors who drive their development. Using this same format of attraction other programs 
were developed such as Future Designers in Spain, which trained 5 designers for 5 months, as well as other programs for 
young engineering talent in Mexico and Peru, in which 50 young people participated. 

Thanks to brand positioning actions and the promotion of available professional opportunities at BBVA through various 
channels, it was possible to attract over 200.000 candidates. All  this is  carried out under a global  reference model for 
attracting talent, with clear policies that strengthen transparency, trust and flexibility for all stakeholders involved in the 
process.  

In  2019,  a  global  scorecard  was  introduced  to  measure  compliance  levels  with  each  of  the  internal  mobility  policies, 
ensuring  their  follow-up  and  commitment  to  compliance  in  each  of  the  geographical  and  global  areas  in  which  BBVA 
operates. 

Training 

During 2019, BBVA’s training focused on promoting a culture of continuous learning. To this end, the B-Token model 
was  developed  in  which  each  employee  of  the  Group  is  able  to  select  and  access  training  of  their  choice.  The 
transformation of the training model represented a genuine revolution in training, allowing the employee to be the true 
protagonist of their development. 

In 2019, the training resources catalog was updated with the inclusion of content linked to new skills required in BBVA. 
Thus, more than 62.000 employees were online trained on subjects top in the development of new capabilities, such as 
Agile, Behavioral Economics, Data or Design Thinking, while training on values and legal requirements continued to be a 
core  aspect  of  the  Group’s  training.  In  addition,  the  training  linked  to  the  MIFID  or  Real  State  Credit  Contracts  (LCCI) 
Directives standing out, with 12,813 and 11,288 employees trained in the year, respectively.  

The online channel continued to be the preferred training channel, accounting for 66% of training in 2019. Its flexibility 
allows the professional to choose what, when and how they want to be trained. BBVA has a unique platform within the 
Group that allows for instant access to the entire staff and which features resources in different formats: courses, videos, 
materials, gamification, MOOCs (Massive Open Online Course) available in English and/or Spanish. 

BASIC TRAINING DATA (BBVA GROUP) 

Total investment in training (millions of euros) 
Investment in training per employee (euros) (1) 
Hours of training per employee (2) 

Employees who received training (%) 

Satisfaction with the training (rating out of 10) 

Average participations per employee 
Amounts received from FORCEM for training in Spain (millions of euros) 

(1) Ratio calculated considering the Group´s workforce at the end of each year (126,973 in 2019 and 125,627 in 2018). 

(2) Ratio calculated considering the workforce of BBVA with access to the training platform. 

2019 

47.8 

376 

42,4 

90 

9.2 

26 

3.2 

2018 

49.5 

394 

47.3 

88 

9.3 

21 

3.3 

 
 
 
33 

Female

13,895

104,643

523,724 

TRAINING DATA BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. 2019) 

Number of employees with training

Training hours

Male 

Female

Total

Male 

Total

1,395

7,183

28,152

35,940

21,236

1,071

4,310

14,068

16,517 

7,991 

324 

2,873 

61,020 

254,386 

14,084 

1,109,995 

47,125 

149,743 

586,271 

19,423 

2,398,443 

1,055,769 

1,342,673

13,245 

671,504 

259,553 

411,951 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 

Total 

93,906 

43,957 

49,949  4,495,348 

2,098,462 

2,396,886 

(1) The management team includes the highest range of the Group´s management. 

Diversity and inclusion 

At  BBVA,  diversity  and  inclusion  are  firmly  aligned  with  the  purpose  and  are  in  keeping  with  our  values.  BBVA  is 
committed to diversity in its workforce as one of the key elements in attracting and retaining the best talent and offering 
the best possible service to its customers.  

In terms of gender diversity, women make up 53.7% of the Group’s workforce and hold 22.9% of management positions, 
30.6% of technology and engineering positions, and 56.6% of business and profit generation positions. 

In 2019, several initiatives were launched to support gender diversity: 

 Making  female  talent  more  visible,  with  the  aim  of  identifying  and  supporting  high-potential  women  more
effectively  through  training,  networking,  coaching  and  mentoring  programs.  An  Employee  Resource  Group
(ERG) was also launched to support gender diversity, made up of male and female Group employees. 





Eliminating biases in key processes, through online and face-to-face training on unconscious biases and analysis
of internal and external interview processes and promotion processes. 

Leveling the playing field in order to balance the professional possibilities between men and women, for which a
new  model  for  conciliation  was  promoted,  policies  regarding  maternity  and  paternity  were  reviewed,  and
collaboration with external communities was encouraged. 

Furthermore, in order to ensure a diverse and inclusive working environment, BBVA is working on various initiatives to 
support  the  LGTBI  (lesbian,  gay,  bisexual,  transgender  and  intersex  people)  community  through  the  ERG  Be  Yourself 
campaign, which is driven by the employees themselves. Among the initiatives launched this year are the joining of REDI, 
the  Corporate  Network  for  Diversity  and  LGBTI  inclusion  in  Spain,  the  commitment  to  the  United  Nations  rules  of 
conduct for the LGBTI group and the adaptation of the company’s diversity policies. 

BBVA’s efforts to promote diversity have earned it for second consecutive year a place in the Bloomberg Gender Equality 
Index,  a  ranking  of  the  top  100  global  companies  in  terms  of  gender  diversity,  and  in  the  Equileap  Global  Report  on 
Gender Equality, which selects the 200 best companies in the world in terms of gender equality. BBVA is also a signatory 
of the Diversity Charter at European level and of the United Nations Women’s Empowerment Principles.  

In Spain, BBVA renewed the “Company Equality” Seal of Distinction in 2019, granted by the Ministry of the Presidency, 
Parliamentary  Relations  and  Equality  to  companies  that  are  a  benchmark  for  good  practices  in  this  area.  Likewise,  the 
Equal Treatment and Opportunities Plan signed with the workers’ representation allowed for progress in women’s access 
to  positions  of  greater  responsibility  in  the  Organization.  BBVA  also  renewed  the  Family-friendly  Company  certificate 
granted by the Más Familia Foundation for the practices and regulations in place at BBVA involving equal treatment and 
labor, work-family and personal life balance and was also included in the Variable D2019 report that recognizes the 30 
companies in Spain with best practices in diversity and inclusion.  

In  addition,  the  Talent&Culture  management  team  was  trained  in  inclusive  job  offers,  reaching  an  agreement  for  the 
implementation of the Rooney Rule; and a volunteer work agreement was signed with the Inspiring Girls Foundation so 
that, during the 2019-2020 school year, more than 80 women from BBVA will be able to act as role models for school-
age  girls  and  demonstrate  that  the  fact  of  being  a  woman  is  not  a  limitation  for  holding  leadership  positions  in  areas 
related to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM subjects). 

In  the  United  States,  BBVA  launched  its  first  employee  support  group  Women  in  Leadership  to  promote  diversity, 
earning the recognition of being ranked 47th in the Diversity Index among the 50 most important companies supporting 
diversity in 2019.  

The  Bank  also  obtained  the  highest  score  (100%)  in  the  2019  Corporate  Equality  Index  that  evaluates  corporate 
practices and policies for employees from the LGTBI community, which also serves as a national benchmark among the 
most influential companies in the United States. 

34 

In Mexico, BBVA has aligned itself with a culture of global diversity where difference is encouraged and respected, with a 
focus on gender equality and disability. To this end, various initiatives were implemented in 2019 to support a culture of 
diversity  and  provide  women  with  access  to  management  positions  and  raise  awareness  of  the  issue  of  diversity, 
standing out the Women’s Day event. 

In  Turkey,  the  Bank  has  a  Gender  Equality  Committee,  active  since  2015,  which  includes  high-level  male  and  female 
representatives,  and  coordinates  programs,  processes  and  initiatives  aimed  at  Bank  employees  or  all  external 
stakeholders in the areas of female inclusion in the financial system, women’s empowerment and gender equality. The 
Women’s  Leadership  Mentorship  Program  for  branch  managers  and  headquarters  executives  was  also  launched  with 
the objective of empowering female leaders and increasing their recognition across internal networks.  

As  a  result  of  all  these  initiatives  and  gender  equality  practices  it  undertakes  for  employees,  customers  and  society  in 
general, Garanti BBVA is one of the two Turkish companies included in the Bloomberg Gender Equality Index. 

Lastly, all the Group’s banks throughout the various countries in which it operates have protocols for the prevention of 
sexual harassment. In Spain and the United States these have been in place for some years and in the rest of the world 
they  were  developed  in  2018.  In  2019,  BBVA  in  Mexico  published  its  protocol  on  harassment  and  sexual  harassment 
through electronic media, while Garanti BBVA published its policy against harassment and discrimination. 

Specifically,  in  the  Bank’s  protocol  in  Spain,  the  Bank  and  signatory  trade  union  representatives  expressly  state  their 
rejection  of  any  conduct  of  a  sexual  nature  or  with  a  sexual  connotation  that  has  the  purpose  or  effect  of  violating  a 
person’s dignity, particularly when an intimidating, degrading or offensive environment is created, and they undertake to 
apply  this  agreement  as  a  means  of  preventing,  detecting,  correcting  and  punishing  this  type  of  conduct  within  the 
company. 

Different capabilities 

BBVA  is  committed  to  the  integration  of  people  with  different  capabilities  in  the  workplace,  with  the  conviction  that 
employment  is  a  fundamental  pillar  in  the  promotion  of  equal  opportunities  for  all  people.  Accordingly,  BBVA  has 
alliances with the leading Spanish organizations in the disability sector with the aim of promoting accessibility, fostering 
labor integration and increasing knowledge and awareness of the needs and potential of disabled people. 

In  Spain,  BBVA  continued  its  in-branch  internship  program  for  people  with  intellectual  disabilities,  in  which  31  young 
people participated in 2019, and 3,605 have participated since 2015. 

In Mexico, a first job evaluation format for the labor inclusion of persons with disabilities requested under the authority of 
NOM034 of the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare was developed, and a guide containing advice for supervisors who 
have persons with mental disabilities in their teams was prepared, which included an infographic on how to deal with and 
address persons with disabilities. 

As of December 31, 2019, BBVA had 662 people with different capabilities on the Group’s staff, of which 148 are located 
in Spain, 108 in the United States, 25 in Mexico, 288 in Turkey and 93 in South America. 

Additionally, progress is being made in the accessibility of the branches of the different banks that make up the Group. 
The corporate headquarters of BBVA in Madrid, Mexico and Argentina have all been made accessible. 

EMPLOYEES BY COUNTRIES AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP) 

2019

Number of employees 

Male 

Female 

2018

Number of 
employees 

Male

Female

35 

Spain

The United States 

Mexico

Turkey (1)

South America 

Argentina

Colombia

Venezuela

Peru

Chile

Paraguay

Uruguay

Bolivia

Brazil

Cuba

Rest of Eurasia 

France

United Kingdom

Italy

Germany

Belgium

Portugal

Switzerland

Ireland

Finland

Hong Kong

China

Japan

Singapore

United Arab Emirates 

Russia

India

Indonesia

South Korea

Taiwan

Total 

30,283 

10,825 

37,805 

22,275 

24,644 

6,402 

6,899 

2,532 

6,420

956

428

576

424

6

1

1,141 

71

120

51

43

23

458

116

-

112

85

28

3

9

2 

3

2

2

2

11

14,914

4,516

17,614

9,626

11,423 

3,423 

2,867 

884 

3,106

15,369 

6,309

20,191 

12,649 

13,221 

2,979

4,032 

1,648

3,314 

436

221

314

169

2

1

638 

45

86

27

25

14

231

73 

- 

68

46

9

2

2

1 

2

1

1

1

4

520

207 

262

255 

4

-

503 

26

34

24 

18 

9

227 

43 

- 

44

39

19

1

7

1 

1

1

1

1

7 

30,338 

10,984

36,123 

21,994 

25,050 

6,262 

6,803 

3,384 

6,267 

923

430

578

396

6

1

1,138 

72

126

52

41

24

469

122

4

83

89

25

3

8

2 

3

2

2

2

9

14,930

4,566

16,843

9,505

11,492 

3,372 

2,819 

1,148 

3,027

15,408

6,418

19,280

12,489

13,558 

2,890

3,984

2,236

3,240

436

219

314

154

2

1

637 

46

87

29

24

15

235

77 

3

54

46

9

2

1

1 

2

1

1

1

3

487

211

264

242

4

-

501 

26

39

23

17

9

234

45

1

29

43

16

1

7

1 

1

1

1

1

6

126,973 

58,731 

68,242 

125,627 

57,973 

67,654 

(1) Includes the employees of Garanti BBVA in Netherlands, Romania, Malta and Chipre. 

PROMOTED EMPLOYEES BY GENDER (BBVA GROUP) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 

2019

2018

Number of promoted 
employees 

Male

Female

Number of promoted 
employees 

Male

Female

3,583

1,612

9,000

3,268

2,429

86

1,726

624

4,354

1,378

1,030

55

1,857

988

4,646

1,890

1,399

31

4,827 

1,049

11,422 

4,284 

3,266

75

2,172 

461

3,844 

1,749 

1,243 

36

2,655

588

7,578

2,535

2,023

39

19,978 

9,167 

10,811 

24,923 

9,505 

15,418 

EMPLOYEES AVERAGE AGE AND DISTRIBUTION BY AGE STAGES (BBVA GROUP. YEARS AND PERCENTAGE) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 

Average age 

43.2 

41.5 

33.6 

35.0 

37.9 

43.4 

39.8 

2019 

<25 

1.0 

5.9 

11.2 

5.4 

6.9 

1.5 

5.3 

25-45 

61.1 

57.8 

75.2 

84.7 

67.7 

54.3 

66.8 

>45 

37.9 

36.3 

13.6 

9.9 

25.4 

44.3 

27.9 

Average age 

42.8 

41.1 

33.8 

34.3 

37.8 

43.1 

37.6 

2018 

<25 

0.9 

6.7 

10.8 

4.8 

7.3 

1.5 

6.2 

25-45 

63.7 

58.0 

75.1 

87.9 

67.3 

56.0 

71.4 

AVERAGE LENGTH OF SERVICE BY GENDER (BBVA GROUP. YEARS) 

2019 

2018 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 

Total 

16.9 

7.3 

7.6 

7.9 

11.2 

12.7 

10.6 

Male 

17.3 

6.1 

7.5 

9.6 

11.9 

12.0 

9.1 

Female 

16.4 

8.2 

7.6 

6.1 

10.7 

13.6 

10.4 

Total 

16.3 

6.6 

7.4 

8.1 

10.8 

12.1 

10.3 

Male 

17.0 

5.3 

7.4 

8.2 

11.4 

11.4 

10.7 

36 

>45 

35.4 

35.2 

14.1 

7.2 

25.4 

42.5 

22.4 

Female 

15.5 

7.5 

7.4 

7.9 

10.2 

13.0 

10.0 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMPLOYEES DISTRIBUTION BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. PERCENTAGE) 

2019

2018

Total

Male

Female 

Total

Male

Female

Spain

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
The United States

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Mexico

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Turkey

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
South America

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Rest of Eurasia

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 

Group average 
Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

3.6

7.0

34.6

44.1

10.8

0.4

18.7

18.0

40.0

22.9

0.4

2.3

34.8

28.2

34.2

0.1

22.6

24.1

45.5

7.8

0.6

10.2

34.1

38.6

16.4

4.5

9.3

50.0

33.7

2.6

1.2

10.0

31.4

38.1

19.3
Base positions 
(1) The management team includes the highest range of the Group´s management. 

76.2

62.3

50.5

43.8

50.1

92.5

58.0

43.2

47.3

16.6

82.8

66.4

49.4

51.4

37.9

84.6

44.0

39.2

36.6

94.5

70.4

56.6

51.1

40.7

42.5

86.3

71.7

51.2

57.6

16.7

77.2

53.6

48.4

43.8

42.1

23.8

37.7

49.5

56.2

49.9

7.5

42.0

56.8

52.7

83.4

17.2

33.6

50.6

48.6

62.1

15.4

56.0

60.8

63.4

5.5

29.6

43.4

48.9

59.3

57.5

13.7

28.3

48.8

42.4

83.3

22.8

46.4

51.6

56.2

57.9

3.5

6.4

30.7

45.2

14.2

0.4

18.7

17.8

35.9

27.3

0.5

2.1

34.1

29.4

33.9

0.1

29.2

34.9

28.0

7.8

0.7

8.0

39.2

38.7

13.4

5.2

9.7

45.8

33.7

5.6

1.2

10.6

33.1

35.4

19.6

76.6

63.1

51.5

44.2

47.3

93.0

59.3

43.0

49.4

17.4

84.4

66.4

49.4

52.4

37.1

85.7

40.9

35.3

41.0

95.2

72.1

54.5

51.5

40.3

38.9

86.4

70.0

51.8

57.8

26.6

77.9

50.8

47.5

45.4

40.7

37 

23.4

36.9

48.5

55.8

52.7

7.0

40.7

57.0

50.6

82.6

15.6

33.6

50.6

47.6

62.9

14.3

59.1

64.7

59.0

4.8

27.9

45.5

48.5

59.7

61.1

13.6

30.0

48.2

42.2

73.4

22.1

49.2

52.5

54.6

59.3

EMPLOYEES DISTRIBUTION BY TYPE OF CONTRACT AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. PERCENTAGE) 

Total 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Male 

Female 

2019 

2018 

Spain 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
The United States 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Mexico 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Turkey 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
South America 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Rest of Eurasia 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 

Group average 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanenet employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 

92.5 

3.5 

4.0 

98.8 

1.2 

0.0 

90.8 

0.0 

9.2 

99.6 

- 

0.4 

90.3 

2.8 

6.9 

99.6 

0.1 

0.3 

93.4 

1.5 

5.1 

51.5 

6.5 

35.1 

42.0 

14.5 

50.0 

46.3 

28.6 

49.4 

43.2 

- 

57.6 

47.2 

34.0 

40.3 

55.8 

100.0 

66.7 

46.8 

17.3 

44.5 

48.5 

93.5 

64.9 

58.0 

85.5 

50.0 

53.7 

71.4 

50.6 

56.8 

- 

42.4 

52.8 

66.0 

59.7 

44.2 

- 

33.3 

53.2 

82.7 

55.5 

92.6 

3.1 

4.3 

97.2 

2.7 

0.0 

90.7 

0.0 

9.3 

99.6 

- 

0.4 

89.1 

2.8 

8.1 

99.6 

0.1 

0.4 

93.1 

1,5 

5.4 

51.3 

6.1 

35.2 

42.2 

19.5 

100.0 

46.3 

20.0 

50.2 

43.2 

- 

54.5 

46.8 

34.3 

39.4 

56.0 

100.0 

50.0 

46.7 

18.3 

44.1 

38 

48.7 

93.9 

64.8 

57.8 

80.5 

- 

53.7 

80.0 

49.8 

56.8 

- 

45.5 

53.2 

65.7 

60.6 

44.0 

- 

50.0 

53.3 

81.7 

55.9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMPLOYEE DISTRIBUTION BY TYPE OF CONTRACT AND AGE STAGES (BBVA GROUP. PERCENTAGE) 

2019 

2018 

Total 

<25 

25-45 

>45 

Total 

<25 

25-45 

>45 

Spain 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
The United States 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Mexico 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Turkey 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
South America 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 
Rest of Eurasia 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 

Group average 

Permanent employee. Full-time 

Permanent employee. Part-time 

Temporary employee 

92.5 

3.5 

4.0 

98.8 

1.2 

0.0 

90.8 

0.0 

9.2 

99.6 

- 

0.4 

90.3 

2.8 

6.9 

99.6 

0.1 

0.3 

92.1 

1.8 

6.1 

0.5 

- 

13.4 

5.6 

23.7 

100.0 

8.4 

- 

38.4 

5.4 

- 

6.5 

4.3 

16.6 

37.6 

1.4 

- 

33.3 

4.8 

7.7 

33.5 

59.2 

88.5 

81.6 

58.1 

40.5 

- 

76.7 

85.7 

60.8 

84.7 

- 

79.3 

68.0 

77.5 

60.2 

54.3 

- 

66.7 

67.3 

81.1 

64.6 

40.3 

11.5 

5.0 

36.3 

35.9 

- 

14.9 

14.3 

0.7 

9.9 

- 

14.1 

27.7 

5.9 

2.2 

44.3 

100.0 

- 

27.9 

11.2 

1.9 

92.6 

3.1 

4.3 

97.2 

2.7 

0.0 

90.7 

0.0 

9.3 

99.6 

- 

0.4 

89.1 

2.8 

8.1 

99.6 

0.1 

0.4 

93.1 

1.5 

5.4 

0.5 

- 

10.1 

5.8 

39.4 

100.0 

7.7 

- 

40.8 

4.8 

- 

11.7 

4.2 

19.6 

36.2 

1.4 

- 

25.0 

4.5 

13.1 

33.2 

61.8 

89.8 

86.1 

58.6 

37.7 

- 

76.8 

80.0 

58.7 

88.0 

- 

76.6 

67.8 

75.1 

59.2 

56.0 

- 

75.0 

71.7 

76.4 

64.3 

39 

37.7 

10.2 

3.8 

35.6 

22.8 

- 

15.5 

20.0 

0.5 

7.2 

- 

11.7 

27.9 

5.3 

4.6 

42.6 

100.0 

- 

23.7 

10.5 

2.5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMPLOYEE DISTRIBUTION BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. PERCENTAGE) 

Permanent employee 
Full-time 

2019 

Permanent 
employee Part-
time 

Temporary 
employee 

Permanent employee 
Full-time 

2018 

Permanent 
employee Part-
time 

Temporary 
employee 

40 

Spain 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
The United States 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Mexico 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Turkey 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
South America 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Rest of Eurasia 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 

Group average 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

99.6 

98.5 

86.8 

96.0 

90.6 

100.0 

99.8 

99.9 

99.8 

95.1 

100.0 

97.9 

95.2 

95.1 

82.2 

100.0 

99.9 

98.9 

99.4 

99.6 

96.9 

99.6 

98.5 

90.9 

66.0 

98.0 

100.0 

99.8 

99.5 

100.0 

99.3 

99.1 

93.8 

94.9 

Base positions 
(1) The management team includes the highest range of the Group´s management. 

81.9 

0.4 

1.5 

5.8 

2.2 

3.4 

- 

0.2 

- 

0.1 

4.9 

- 

0.2 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3.1 

0.2 

0.4 

4.1 

6.4 

2.0 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.7 

0.6 

1.9 

1.8 

2.2 

- 

- 

7.4 

1.8 

6.0 

- 

- 

0.1 

0.1 

- 

- 

1.9 

4.8 

4.9 

17.8 

- 

0.1 

1.1 

0.6 

0.4 

- 

0.2 

1.2 

4.9 

27.6 

- 

- 

0.2 

0.5 

- 

- 

0.3 

4.4 

3.2 

15.9 

99.9 

98.5 

88.3 

96.5 

84.9 

100.0 

99.8 

99.6 

99.9 

90.3 

100.0 

98.9 

95.8 

94.9 

81.2 

100.0 

99.8 

99.4 

99.7 

99.9 

97.7 

99.5 

98.4 

87.6 

59.3 

98.3 

100.0 

99.6 

99.7 

98.4 

99.6 

99.5 

95.6 

95.0 

81.4 

0.1 

1.5 

4.9 

1.9 

4.6 

- 

0.2 

0.3 

0.1 

9.7 

- 

0.1 

0.0 

- 

0.0 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2.3 

0.1 

0.4 

4.1 

7.4 

1.7 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.4 

0.3 

1.2 

1.5 

3.0 

- 

- 

6.8 

1.6 

10.5 

- 

- 

0.1 

- 

- 

- 

0.9 

4.2 

5.1 

18.7 

- 

0.2 

0.6 

0.3 

0.1 

- 

0.3 

1.2 

8.2 

33.3 

- 

- 

0.4 

0.3 

1.6 

- 

0.2 

3.1 

3.6 

15.6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
41 

Work environment 

BBVA  carries  out,  on  a  general  and  biennial  basis,  a  survey  to  measure  its  employees’  commitment  and  to  gage  their 
opinions. In the 2019 survey, 90% of the people who are part of the Group gave their opinion, 3 percentage points more 
than in 2017 (87%). One of the highlights of the results is the average of the twelve main questions of the survey, which 
was 4.11 out of 5 (4.02 in 2017). The level of commitment of BBVA employees also improved, standing at 6.63 (4.45 in 
2017)  and  calculated  by  dividing  the  percentage  of  committed  employees  by  the  percentage  of  actively  non-aligned 
employees. 

Work organization 

As  part  of  the  transformation  of  work  practices  at  the  Bank,  in  2019  the  ‘Work  Better.  Enjoy  Life’  global  plan  was 
launched, which was established to reflect a culture based on high performance, productivity, team empowerment and 
balance between professional and personal life, i.e. work-life balance. This plan consists of a set of measures aimed at 
promoting a new mindset and equal opportunities, which are always focused on objectives as opposed to time spent in 
the office.  

Initially,  the  plan  was  divided  into  two  categories:  i)  good  practices,  such  as  effective  time  management,  and  ii)  shock 
measures related to changing work practices. The first of these measures was implemented in November, when all the 
Bank’s  corporate  and  regional  offices  in  Spain  began  to  close  at  7:00PM,  offering  a  30-minute  margin  to  leave  the 
premises.  Another  specific  measure  included  in  the  plan  is  the  avoidance  of  excessive  meetings,  which  is  one  of  the 
greatest obstacles to productivity. To this end, effective meeting management is being pursued, incorporating rules such 
as  limiting  their  duration  to  45  minutes,  avoiding  the  use  of  unnecessary  presentations,  encouraging  the  use  of  video 
conferences—physical presence is not the most important factor in a meeting–and sharing the objectives of the meeting 
in advance. 

BBVA  in  Spain  has  also  signed  an  agreement  with  leading  trade  union  representatives  in  September  2019  on  working 
time registration and the right to digital disconnection, being the first financial institution to sign a collective agreement 
under these terms. The agreement was reached within the framework of the legal obligation established for companies in 
Royal Decree-Law 8/2019, of March 8, on urgent measures for social protection and the fight against precariousness in 
the workplace, and with the aim of moving toward an organizational culture of work based on efficiency and results, as 
opposed to attendance and staying at work beyond established working hours. 

In  order  to  fulfill  this  agreement,  an  ad-hoc  tool  was  created,  Register  your  working  day,  an  application  where  every 
employee in Spain registers their working hours on a daily basis, by entering the time they start and finish work. In order 
to increase the knowledge of what it means to register the working day and how to use the tool, all employees have an 
online training course on this subject. For BBVA, the creation of this tool represents a means of promoting, strengthening 
and taking a further step toward cultural change and changes to work practices. 

With  regard  to  the  right  to  digital  disconnection,  the  agreement  with  trade  union  representation  also  recognizes  this 
right to workers as a fundamental element in achieving better organization of working time in order to respect private and 
family  life,  to  improve  the  balance  between  personal,  family  and  working  life  and  to  contribute  to  the  optimization  of 
workers’ occupational health. This right takes the form of specific measures, such as: 





No communications between 7PM and 8AM the next day, nor during weekends and holidays. 

From Monday to Thursday, avoiding meetings that end after 7PM, or after 3PM on Fridays and the day before a
public holiday. 

Freedom of association and representation 

In accordance with the different regulations in force in the countries in which BBVA is present, the working conditions and 
the  rights  of  the  employees,  such  as  freedom  of  association  and  union  representation,  are  included  in  the  rules, 
conventions  and  agreements  signed,  in  their  case,  with  the  corresponding  representations  of  the  workers.  Dialog  and 
negotiation are part of how to address any dispute or conflict within the Group, for which there are specific procedures 
for consultation with trade union representatives across different countries. 

In  BBVA  Spain,  the  banking  sector  collective  agreement  is  applied  to  the  entire  workforce,  complemented  by  the 
company  collective  agreements  which  build  upon  and  improve  the  provisions  of  sector  agreement,  and  which  are 
entered  into  on  behalf  of  workers.  Employee  representatives  are  elected  every  four  years  by  personal,  free,  direct  and 
secret ballot, and are informed of the relevant changes that may occur in the organization of work in the Entity, under the 
terms provided in accordance with the legislation in force. 

In Mexico, freedom of association and local representation are respected. In accordance with the reform of the Federal 
Labor Law, in force as of May 2019, the Bank has a process to comply, in accordance with the parameters indicated by 
the  legislation  itself,  with  the  requirements  on  collective  matters  that  were  incorporated  for  trade  union  organizations 

42 

consisting of free, secret and direct  voting.  By the end of  the year, 100% of the workforce was covered by a collective 
agreement.  

In Argentina, freedom of association and commitment to labor rights are respected, and dialog and collective negotiation 
are  much  valued  when  it  comes  to  reaching  consensus  and  conflict  resolution.  All  staff  are  covered  by  agreement, 
maintaining  a  seamless  communication  with  the  internal  trade  commissions  at  the  local  level  and  with  sections  of  the 
banking association at the national level.  

In other South American countries, the Group’s employees are covered by some form of collective agreement, and 100% 
of  the  workforce  is  covered  by  an  agreement  in  Colombia,  Peru,  Venezuela  and  Paraguay.  As  an  example,  in  BBVA 
Uruguay,  the  banking  sector  collective  agreement  is  applied  to  the  entire  workforce,  complemented  by  the  company 
collective agreements which build upon and improve the provisions of sector agreement, and which are entered into by 
representatives on behalf of workers. Trade union representatives sitting on work councils are informed of any relevant 
changes that may occur to the organization of work within the Bank, under the terms set out in the legislation in force. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  regulations  in  force  in  the  United  States  and  Turkey  do  not  require  the  same  application  of 
agreements to their workforces. 

Health and labor safety 

BBVA  considers  the  promotion  of  health  and  safety  as  one  of  its  basic  principles  and  fundamental  goals,  which  is 
addressed through the continuous improvement of working conditions. 

In this regard, the work risk prevention model in BBVA Spain is legally regulated and employees have the right to consult 
and  participate  in  these  areas,  which  they  exercise  and  develop  through  trade  union  representation  on  the  different 
existing committees, where consultations are presented and matters relating to health and safety in the workplace are 
dealt with, monitoring any and all activity related to prevention. 

The Bank has a preventive policy applicable to 100% of its staff, which is carried out primarily by the Occupational Risk 
Prevention  Service.  This  service  has  two  lines  of  action:  a)  the  technical-preventive  line,  which  involves,  among  other 
activities, the carrying out of evaluations of occupational risks, which are periodically updated, the preparation of action 
plans to eliminate/minimize the risks detected, the monitoring of the implementation of action plans, the preparation and 
implementation  of  emergency  and  evacuation  plans,  training  in  health  and  safety,  and  the  coordination  of  preventive 
activities;  and  b)  occupational  medicine, which  involves  carrying  out  staff  medical  examinations,  providing  protection 
for  particularly  sensitive  employees  and  equipping  workplaces  with  appropriate  ergonomic  equipment,  as  well  as 
carrying  out  preventive  activities  and  campaigns  to  maintain  and  improve  workers’  health  and  contributing  to  the 
development of a culture of prevention and the promotion of healthy habits. 

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH MAIN DATA (BBVA SPAIN. NUMBER) 

Number of technical preventive actions  

Number of preventive actions to improve working conditions 

Appointments for health checks 

Employees represented in health and safety committees (%) 

Abseentism rate (%) 

2019 

2,706 

3,306 

16,796 

100 

2.9 

2018 

3,078 

3,854 

15,590 

100 

2.8 

In  other  geographical  areas  in  which  the  Group  is  present,  progress  has  also  been  made  in  2019  in  the  field  of 
occupational  health  and  safety,  much  of  which  is  the  result  of  the  activity  of  health  and  safety  committees  in  which 
employees are fully represented in most countries.  

In the United States, BBVA USA’s Wellthy for Life wellness program provides employees with a comprehensive wellness 
program  that  they  can  customize  according  to  their  needs  and  interests  (physical,  medical,  and  socioeconomic)  no 
matter  where  they  may  be.  Over  the  year,  570  technical-preventive  actions  were  taken  and  the  absenteeism  rate  was 
1.77%. 

In Mexico, where the workforce is fully represented on health and safety committees, various campaigns were carried 
out to promote awareness and prevention in the field of health and safety at work, specifically the national campaigns for 
the  prevention  of  breast  and  prostate  cancer  and  the  prevention  and  control  of  seasonal  flu.  During  the  year,  27 
technical-preventive actions were taken and an absenteeism rate of 1.19% was recorded. 

In  Turkey,  the  Bank  uses  occupational  health  and  safety  (OHS)  software  to  track  various  activities,  including  risk 
assessment,  training  programs,  and  corrective  and  preventive  actions,  etc.  During  the  year,  472  technical-preventive 
actions were taken, 653 preventive actions were taken to improve working conditions and an absenteeism rate of 1.00% 
was recorded. 100% of employees are represented on health and safety committees. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43 

In South America, there is no standard occupational health and safety management model for the entire region.  

In Argentina, a health portal was created and made available to all employees, and occupational safety workshops related 
to workplace ergonomics, commuting accidents, voice training for call center operators, etc. were launched. In Colombia, 
risk  prevention  actions  were  carried  out  such  as  job  inspections,  emergency  drills  and  medical  examinations,  and  a 
comprehensive health policy was implemented which involved the new spaces available (catering areas and gymnasium) 
for  building  healthy  lifestyles.  In  Peru,  the  Bank’s  staff,  with  a  participation  of  close  to  60%  of  the  employees,  were 
measured for psychosocial risk in order to implement prevention and control measures for such risks.  

By country, 1,076 technical-preventive actions were taken in Argentina, 2,256 in Colombia, 42 in Peru, 21 in Venezuela, 6 
in Paraguay and 1 in Uruguay over the year. Preventive actions to improve working conditions were 1,614, 4,112, 150, 28, 7 
and  3,  respectively,  and  an  absenteeism  rate  of  1.44%,  2.71%,  0.86%,  13.56%,  1.06%  y  1.70%  was  recorded.  Overall, 
9,854 health check-up appointments were made. 100% of employees in Colombia, Peru and Paraguay are represented 
on health and safety committees. 

VOLUME AND ABSENTEEISM TYPOLOGY OF EMPLOYEES (BBVA GROUP) 

Number of withdrawn 

2019 

2018 

Total 
28,338 

Male 
9,107 

Female 
19,231 

Total 
30,696 

Male 
10,181 

Female 
20,515 

Number of absenteeism hours (1) 

3,469,056 

1,299,504 

2,169,552 

4,027,728 

1,335,408 

2,692,320 

Number of accidents with medical withdrawn 

Frequency index 

Severity index 

Absenteeism rate (%) 

(1)  Total withdrawn hours by medical leave or accident during the year.  

316 

2.01 

1.46 

1.0 

108 

1.63 

1.08 

0.8 

208 

2.34 

1.79 

1.2 

437 

2.36 

2.05 

1.2 

147 

1.69 

1.49 

0.8 

290 

2.93 

2.52 

1.5 

In 2019, BBVA recorded a total of 316 cases of work-related accidents involving medical leave across the entire Group 
(only one out of every hundred cases of leave are due to accidents), most of them involving commuting accidents, which 
is 27.7% less than the previous year.  

No  cases  of  occupational  disease  were  registered  in  Spain in  the  last  year.  The  number  of  work-related  accidents  was 
346 over the year, of which 155 entailed medical leave and 191 did not, indicating a very low degree of severity, under the 
sector rate. Thus, the Bank’s severity index is 0.15 (0.06 men and 0.09 women) in 2019, while the frequency index is 3.58 
(1.25 men and 2.33 women). 

VOLUNTARY RESIGNATIONS (TURNOVER) (1) AND BREAKDOWN BY GENDER (BBVA GROUP. PERCENTAGE) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 

2019 

2018 

Total workforce 
turnover 

Male 

Female 

Total workforce 
turnover 

1.1 

14.2 

13.9 

4.9 

6.1 

4.2 

7.6 

65.0 

41.5 

49.9 

42.7 

47.9 

52.1 

48.0 

35.0 

58.5 

50.1 

57.3 

52.1 

47.9 

52.0 

1.3 

13.0 

13.3 

3.9 

7.7 

4.5 

7.6 

Male 

62.6 

41.2 

50.7 

41.2 

42.7 

46.0 

47.1 

Female 

37.4 

58.8 

49.3 

58.8 

57.3 

54.0 

52.9 

(1) Turnover= [Resignations (excluding early retirement)/Number of employees at start of the period] * 100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RECRUITMENT OF EMPLOYEES BY GENDER (BBVA GROUP. NUMBER) 

2019 

2018 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 
Of which new hires are (1): 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Total 

(1) Including hires through consolidations. 

Total 

3,156 

2,423 

9,237 

2,938 

3,009 

149 

20,912 

914 

2,417 

6,597 

2,752 

2,654 

130 

15,464 

Male 

1,405 

1,062 

4,601 

1,321 

1,447 

85 

9,921 

537 

1,058 

3,309 

1,242 

1,287 

72 

7,505 

44 

Female 

1,748 

1,473 

3,949 

1,236 

1,817 

59 

Female 

1,751 

1,361 

4,636 

1,617 

1,562 

64 

Total 

3,242 

2,657 

8,133 

2,223 

3,386 

155 

Male 

1,494 

1,184 

4,184 

987 

1,569 

96 

10,991 

19,796 

9,514 

10,282 

377 

1,359 

3,288 

151 

1,367 

58 

1,252 

2,650 

5,951 

2,186 

2,521 

142 

6,600 

14,702 

786 

1,177 

2,997 

973 

1,213 

88 

7,234 

466 

1,473 

2,954 

1,213 

1,308 

54 

7,468 

 
 
 
 
DISCHARGE OF EMPLOYEES BY DISCHARGE TYPE AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. NUMBER) 

2019

2018

Total

Male

Female 

Total

Male

Female

45 

Spain

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1)
The United States

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1)
Mexico

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1)
Turkey

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1)
South America

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1) (2)
Rest of Eurasia

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1)

Total Group 

Retirement and early retirement 

Voluntary redundancies  

Resignations

Dismissals
Others (1) (2)
(1) Others include permanent termination and death. 
(2) Including the sale of BBVA Chile in 2018. 

585 

105 

346

93

2,082 

57 

3 

1,565 

93 

864 

228 

30 

5,015 

1,092 

1,190 

153 

132 

1,074

21

1,179 

27 

950 

1,520

358

560 

12 

3 

48

11

72

405 

40 

225

62

694 

15 

3 

650 

39 

402 

138 

14 

2,502 

555 

614 

84 

50 

459

13

452 

17 

354 

728

170

255 

5 

3 

25

8

43

180 

65 

121

31

525 

71 

406

79

1,388 

2,407 

42 

- 

915 

54 

462 

90 

16 

2,513 

537 

576 

69 

82 

615

8

727 

10 

596 

792 

188

305 

7 

- 

23

3

29

59 

2 

1,420 

101 

1,019 

385 

105 

4,931 

2,613 

1,183 

90 

110 

883

19

1,742 

54 

416 

2,273

334

4,682 

3 

10 

50

10

43

366 

33 

254

48

960

10 

1 

585

45

447

190 

59 

2,499

1,193

671

46 

57 

364

13

721

29 

231 

971 

164

2,067

2 

4 

23

6

35

159 

38 

152

31

1,447

49 

1 

835

56

572

195 

46 

2,432

1,420

512

44 

53 

519

6

1,021

25 

185 

1,302

170

2,615

1 

6 

27

4

8

19,468 

9,024 

10,444 

26,025 

12,095 

13,930 

1,062 

1,223 

9,568

1,668 

5,947 

664 

464 

4,589

847 

2,460 

398 

759 

4,979

821

3,487 

1,116 

714 

9,963

3,156

11,076

643 

385 

4,696

1,469

4,901

473 

329 

5,267

1,687

6,175

DISMISSALS BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY AND AGE STAGES (BBVA GROUP. NUMBER) 

2019 

2018 

Total 

<25 

25-45 

>45 

Total 

<25 

25-45 

>45 

46 

Spain 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
The United States 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Mexico 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Turkey 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
South America 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 
Rest of Eurasia 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 

Total Group 

Management team (1) 

Middle controls 

Specialists 

Sales force 

Base positions 

13 

1 

53 

18 

8 

- 

4 

7 

61 

21 

7 

14 

336 

592 

143 

- 

- 

3 

18 

- 

1 

28 

52 

227 

50 

2 

- 

4 

5 

- 

1,668 

23 

47 

455 

921 

222 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11 

4 

- 

- 

2 

13 

19 

- 

- 

1 

4 

- 

- 

- 

1 

10 

19 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

84 

- 

- 

4 

38 

42 

- 

- 

43 

12 

5 

- 

2 

5 

46 

13 

1 

7 

239 

421 

112 

- 

- 

2 

14 

- 

1 

18 

39 

181 

29 

1 

- 

2 

3 

- 

1,196 

3 

27 

330 

677 

159 

13 

1 

10 

6 

3 

- 

2 

2 

4 

4 

6 

7 

95 

158 

12 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10 

12 

36 

2 

1 

- 

2 

2 

- 

388 

20 

20 

121 

206 

21 

12 

3 

23 

27 

14 

- 

4 

3 

44 

50 

10 

23 

1,338 

824 

418 

- 

3 

11 

5 

- 

3 

20 

77 

178 

56 

2 

1 

4 

3 

- 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6 

13 

- 

- 

39 

35 

44 

- 

- 

2 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2 

12 

20 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2 

- 

15 

18 

8 

- 

2 

- 

28 

34 

1 

6 

897 

602 

340 

- 

3 

9 

5 

- 

- 

8 

45 

132 

27 

- 

- 

3 

1 

- 

3,156 

174 

2,186 

27 

54 

1,456 

1,081 

538 

- 

- 

44 

53 

77 

3 

19 

969 

786 

409 

10 

3 

7 

9 

6 

- 

2 

3 

10 

3 

9 

17 

402 

187 

34 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3 

12 

30 

34 

9 

2 

1 

1 

2 

- 

796 

24 

35 

443 

242 

52 

(1) The management team includes the highest range of the Group´s management. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
47 

Volunteer work 

In  the  Corporate  Volunteer  Work  Policy,  BBVA  expresses  its  commitment  to  this  type  of  activity  and  facilitates  the 
conditions  for  its  employees  to  carry  out  corporate  volunteer  work  actions  that  generate  social  impact.  This  policy  is 
applied in all countries in which the Group is present. 

Corporate volunteer work activities empower the development of employees, channeling their spirit of solidarity, allowing 
them  to  make  a  personal  contribution  of  their  time  and  knowledge  in  order  to  help  the  people  who  need  it  most.  This 
results in an improvement of self-esteem, increasing the sense of pride in belonging to the company, and, consequently, 
in  the  attraction  and  retention  of  talent.  It  also  generates  a  positive  impact  in  terms  of  the  Group’s  level  of  social 
responsibility. 

Overall, about 11,000 BBVA employees participated in volunteer work initiatives promoted by the different banks of the 
Group in 2019, having dedicated more than 168,000 hours (32% during working hours and 68% outside working hours). 
The impact of these actions has directly benefited 10,806 people. 

In Spain, more than 1,000 employees participated in about 185 volunteer work activities organized by the Bank in Spain, 
focusing on the following lines of action: financial education, training in new technologies, training for employment, the 
environment and sustainability, and community investment. 

In the United States, more than 5,000 employees have participated in volunteer activities such as BBVA Week of Service 
for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals, Volunteer Program to set annual volunteer goals, Blue Elf to 
promote financial education, and 2019 Volunteer Chapter Orientation. 

In Mexico, activities were carried out to support the environment through reforestation days, the donation of glasses for 
visually impaired children, and seven volunteer work days in schools rebuilt after the 2017 earthquakes organized by the 
Foundation,  whose  activities  focused  on 
interactive  whiteboards  and 
refurbishing classrooms. Likewise, employees in Mexico participate as mentors accompanying scholars from the BBVA 
Foundation program in Mexico. The total number of volunteers amounted to 4,544. 

improving  green  areas,  painting  murals, 

In  Turkey,  Garanti  BBVA  employees  created  the  voluntary  clover  club,  whose  mission  is  to  improve  social  and 
environmental  awareness  and  responsibility,  chiefly  through  projects  related  to  education,  children,  animals  and  the 
environment, of different social organizations in the country.  

In certain South American countries such as Peru, 142 employees took part in various BBVA volunteer work activities in 
2019, including the “Put a heart into it” campaign, visits to animal shelters and the “Donate a bottle cap, uncap a smile” 
campaign,  while  in  Uruguay  20  training  grants  were  renewed  for  low-income  young  people  in  innovation  and  robotics 
programs, in which volunteer employees acted as sponsors. 

 
 
 
48 

Remuneration 

BBVA  has  a  remuneration  policy  designed  within  the  framework  of  the  specific  regulations  applicable  to  credit 
institutions,  and  geared  toward  the  recurring  generation  of  value  for  the  Group,  seeking  also  the  alignment  of  the 
interests of its employees and shareholders, with prudent risk management. This policy is adapted at all times to what is 
established under applicable legal standards, and incorporates the standards and principles of national and international 
best practices.  

This policy is part of the elements designed by the Board of Directors as part of the BBVA corporate governance system 
to ensure proper management of the Group, and meets the following requirements: 

 

 

 

 

 

it is compatible and promotes prudent and effective risk management, not offering incentives to assume risks 
that exceed the level allowed by the Group,  

it  is  compatible  with  BBVA’s  business  strategy,  objectives,  values  and  long-term  interests,  and  will  include 
measures intended to avoid conflicts of interest,  

it clearly distinguishes the criteria for the establishment of fixed remuneration and variable remuneration; 

it promotes equal treatment for all staff, not discriminating due to gender or other personal reasons; and 

it ensures that remuneration is not based exclusively or primarily on quantitative criteria and takes into account 
adequate qualitative criteria that reflect compliance with the applicable standards.  

The remuneration model applicable in general to the entire staff of the BBVA Group contains two different elements: 

  A  fixed  remuneration,  which  takes  into  account  the  level  of  responsibility,  the  functions  performed,  and  the 
professional trajectory of each employee, as well as the principles of internal equity and the value of the function 
in  the  market,  constituting  a  relevant  part  of  the  total  compensation.  The  grant  and  the  amount  of  the  fixed 
remuneration are based on predetermined and non-discretionary objective criteria.  

  Variable remuneration constituted by those payments or benefits additional to the fixed remuneration, whether 
monetary  or  not,  that  are  based  on  variable  parameters.  This  remuneration  must  be  linked,  in  general,  to  the 
achievement of previously specified objectives, and will take current and future risks into account.  

AVERAGE REMUNERATION (1) BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY (2), AGE STAGES AND GENDER (BBVA GROUP. EUROS) 

< 25 years 

2019 
25-45 years 

> 45 years 

< 25 years 

2018 
25-45 years 

> 45 years 

Male 

Female  Male 

Female  Male 

Female  Male 

Female  Male 

Female  Male 

Female 

Management team (3) 

Middle controls (3) 

- 

- 

-  66,065  46,223  94,319  60,126 

-  48,929  30,566  59,177  37,813 

- 

- 

-  61,013  43,501  89,478  55,040 

-  47,608  28,724  58,097  35,399 

Specialists 

12,311  10,508  23,668  20,598  26,166  22,359 

11,695 

9,837  22,762 

19,803  24,939  21,222 

Base positions 

9,653 

8,494 

17,149 

17,189  21,033 

19,682 

9,159 

7,859 

16,830 

16,852  20,683 

19,072 

(1) In 2019, a methodology change was made, using for this table only the average salary and not the average total remuneration. 

(2) The Sales force category does not constitute a category and has been broken down into each of the four remaining categories. 

(3) There is no information both in the Management team and the Middle controls in the segment under 25 years as it is not significant. 

The remuneration of the members of the Board is set out in Note 54 of the Annual Report corresponding to the Group’s 
Consolidated Annual Accounts, on an individual basis and by remuneration category. For senior management members, 
the average total remuneration was €1,562 thousand for men and €1,156 thousand for women. 

Pensions and other benefits 

BBVA  maintains  a  social  welfare  system,  which  is  ordered  according  to  the  geographies  and  coverage  it  offers  to 
different groups of employees. In general, the social welfare system is a defined contribution system for the retirement 
provision.  The  Group’s  pension  policy  is  compatible  with  the  Company’s  business  strategy,  objectives  and  long-term 
interests.  

Contributions to the social welfare systems of the employees of the Group will be carried out within the framework of the 
labor regulations in force, and of the individual or collective agreements of application in each entity, sector or geography. 
Calculation  bases  on  which  benefits  are  based  (commitments  for  retirement,  death  and  disability)  reflect  fixed  annual 
amounts, with no temporary fluctuations derived from variable components or individual results being present. 

With  regard  to  other  benefits,  the  Group  has  a  local  implementation  framework,  according  to  which  each  entity,  in 
accordance with its sector of activity and the geographical area in which it operates, has a package of employee benefits 
within its specific remuneration scheme. 

 
 
 
 
49 

In  2019,  the  Bank  in  Spain made  a  payment  of  €27.8m  in  savings  contributions  to  pension  plans  and  life  and  accident 
insurance  premiums,  of  which  €15.8m  corresponded  to  contributions  to  men  and  €12.0m  to  those  of  women.  This 
payment  accounts  for  more  than  95%  of  Spain’s  pension  expenditure,  excluding  unique  systems.  On  average,  the 
contribution received by each employee is €1,074 for the year (€1,234 for men and €917 for women). 

Wage gap 

Group’s  remuneration  policy  promotes  equal  opportunities  for  men  and  women,  and  does  not  set  or  encourage  wage 
differentiation.  The  remuneration  model  is  designed  to  promote  responsibility  and  career  development,  while  ensuring 
internal fairness and external competitiveness. 

The wage gap is the percentage obtained by dividing the difference between the median remuneration of men minus the 
median remuneration of women, among the median remuneration of men. Additionally, a change in the methodology for 
calculating the wage gap was made using a higher level of disaggregation and matching positions of equal value (same 
function  and  responsibility  level)  in  2019.  As  of  December  31,  2019  the  wage  gap  by  homogeneous  professional 
categories in the Group is 1.3% (1.6% in the prior year). Due to the change in the methodology the information related to 
the fiscal year 2018 has been reexpressed to make the figures comparable to those of 2019.  

To balance professional opportunities between men and women, BBVA launched various initiatives to continue making 
progress toward a gender equality such as: make women's talent visible, eliminate biases in key processes and match the 
playing field (see more detail in the “Diversity and Inclusion” section). These initiatives are contributing to the increase of 
women occupying positions of greater responsibility. 

50 

Ethical behavior 

Compliance system 

The  Group’s  compliance  system  is  one  of  the  bases  on  which  BBVA  consolidates  the  institutional  commitment  to 
conduct all its activities and businesses in strict compliance with current legislation at all times and in accordance with 
strict standards of ethical behaviour. To achieve this, the cornerstones of the BBVA compliance system are the Code of 
Conduct, which is available on the BBVA corporate website (bbva.com), the internal control model and the Compliance 
function. 

The Code of Conduct establishes the behavioural guidelines that, according to the principles of the BBVA Group, ensure 
that  conduct  adheres  to  the  internal  values  of  the  organization.  To  this  end,  it  establishes  the  duty  of  respect  for 
applicable  laws  and  regulations  for  all  its  members  in  an  integral  and  transparent  manner,  with  the  prudence  and 
professionalism  that  correspond  to  the  social  impact  of  the  financial  activity,  and  to  the  trust  that  shareholders  and 
clients have placed in BBVA. 

BBVA’s  internal  control  model,  built  in  accordance  with  the  guidelines  and  recommendations  of  regulators  and 
supervisors and the best international practices, with three differentiated levels of control (three-lines defense model), is 
intended to identify, prevent and correct the situations of risk inherent to the performances of its activity in the areas and 
locations in which BBVA operates. For more information on the three-line defense model, see Note 1.6 of the attached 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Compliance is a global unit integrated within the second line of defense, that is entrusted by the Board of Directors with 
the function of promoting and supervising, with independence and objectivity, measures to ensure that BBVA acts with 
integrity,  particularly  in  areas  such  as  the  prevention  of  money  laundering,  conduct  with  customers,  behaviour  in  the 
securities market, prevention of corruption and others that may represent a reputational risk for BBVA. 

Mission and scope of action 

Compliance functions include: 





promoting  a  culture  of  compliance  within  BBVA,  as  well  as  the  knowledge  by  its  members  of  the  rules  and
regulations applicable to  the  above matters, through advisory, dissemination,  training  and awareness actions;
and 

defining  and  promoting  the  implementation  and  total  ascription  of  the  organization  to  the  risk  management
frameworks and measures related to compliance issues. 

For  an  adequate  performance  of  its  functions,  Compliance  maintains  a  configuration  and  systems  of  internal 
organization in accordance with the principles of internal governance established under the European guidelines for this 
matter and in its configuration and development of the activity is attached to the principles established by the Bank for 
International Settlements (BIS), as well as the reference regulations applicable to compliance issues. 

In order to reinforce these aspects and, specifically, the independence of the control areas, BBVA has the Regulation & 
Internal  Control  area  which  includes  the  Compliance  unit,  which  reports  directly  to  the  Board  of  Directors  through  the 
Risk and Compliance Committee. 

Organization, internal government and management model 

The Compliance function is handled globally at BBVA, and is composed of a corporate unit, with a transversal scope for 
the entire Group, and local units that, sharing the mission entrusted, carry out the function in the countries where BBVA 
carries out its activities. For this purpose, it has a global compliance manager, as well as those who are responsible in the 
local units. 

The function carried out by the Chief Compliance Officers relies on a set of departments specialized in different activities, 
which,  in  turn,  have  their  own  designated  officers.  Thus,  among  other,  the  function  is  addressed  by  individuals 
responsible  for  each  discipline  related  to  compliance  issues,  for  the  definition  and  articulation  of  the  strategy  and  the 
management model of the function or for the execution and continuous improvement of the area’s internal operational 
processes. 

Included among the main functions of the compliance units at BBVA are the following: 



Review and periodic analysis of the applicable laws and regulations.

51 







Issue, promotion or updating of compliance-related policies and procedures. 

Advice to the organization in the interpretation of the Code of Conduct or compliance policies. 

Continuous supervision of activities with compliance risk. 

 Management of whistleblowing channels. 











Participation in committees that deal with issues related to compliance matters.

Participation in independent review processes on the subject. 

Periodic reporting to the senior management and to governing bodies.

Representation of the function before regulatory bodies and supervisors in matters of compliance. 

Representation of the function in national and international forums.

In 2019, the structure of the compliance units across different countries evolved to better align with these foundations. 

The scope and complexity of  the activities, as well as the international presence of BBVA, give rise to  a wide variety of 
regulatory  requirements  and  expectations  of  the  supervisory  bodies  that  must  be  addressed  in  relation  to  risk 
management  associated  with  compliance  issues.  This  makes  it  necessary  to  have  internal  mechanisms  that  establish 
transversal mechanisms for managing this risk in a homogeneous and integral manner. 

For  this  purpose,  Compliance  has  a  global  model  for  estimating  and  managing  said  risk,  which,  with  an  integral  and 
preventive approach, has evolved over time to reinforce the elements and pillars on which it is based and to anticipate the 
developments and initiatives that may arise in this area. 

This model starts from periodic cycles of identification and assessment of compliance risk, upon which its management 
strategy  is  based.  The  aforementioned  results  in  the  revision  and  updating  of  the  multi-year  strategy  and  its 
corresponding  annual  action  lines,  both  of  which  are  aimed  at  strengthening  the  applicable  mitigation  and  control 
measures, as well as improving the model itself. 

The basic pillars of the model are the following elements: 





A  suitable  organizational  structure  with  a  clear  assignment  of  roles  and  responsibilities  throughout  the
Organization. 

A set of policies and procedures that clearly define positions and requirements to be applied. 

 Mitigation processes and controls applied to enforce these policies and procedures. 





A technology infrastructure, focused on monitoring and geared toward ensuring the previous objective.

Communication and training systems and policies implemented to raise employee awareness of the applicable
requirements. 

 Metrics and indicators that allow for the supervision of the global model implementation. 



Independent periodic review of effective model implementation.

Throughout  2019,  work  continued  on  strengthening  the  documentation  and  management  of  this  model.  Thus,  the 
Compliance Unit continued with the review and update of the global typologies of compliance risks, both at a general level 
and in different geographies. The framework for behavioural indicators has also been strengthened in order to improve 
the early detection of this type of risk. 

The effectiveness of the model and compliance risk management is subject to extensive and different annual verification 
processes, including the testing activity carried out by the compliance units, BBVA’s internal audit activities, the reviews 
carried out by prestigious auditing firms and the regular or specific inspection processes carried out by the supervisory 
bodies in each of the geographies. 

Throughout  the  year,  the  Compliance  function  also  reinforced  its  compliance  testing  activities  at  a  global  level, 
continuously  improving  the  corresponding  methodological  framework  in  order  to  keep  it  in  line  with  applicable 
regulations, industry best practices and BBVA’s internal needs. 

On the other hand, in recent years, one of the most relevant axes of application of the compliance model focuses on the 
digital  transformation  of  BBVA.  For  this  reason,  in  2019  the  Compliance  Unit  continued  to  maintain  governance, 
supervision  and  advisory  mechanisms  for  the  activities  of  the  areas  that  promote  and  develop  business  initiatives  and 
digital projects in the Group. 

52 

Anti-money laundering and financing of terrorism 

Anti-money laundering and the financing of terrorism (AML) is a constant factor in the objectives that the BBVA Group 
associates with its commitment to improving the various social environments in which it carries out its activities, and a 
requirement that is indispensable in preserving corporate integrity and one of its main assets: the trust of the people and 
institutions  with  which  it  works  on  a  daily  basis  (mainly  customers,  employees,  shareholders  and  suppliers)  in  the 
different jurisdictions where it operates. 

In addition, the Group is exposed to the risk of breaching the AML regulation and the restrictions imposed by national or 
international  organizations  to  operate  with  certain  jurisdictions  and  individuals  or  legal  entities,  which  could  entail 
sanctions and/or significant economic fines imposed by the competent authorities of the various geographical locations 
in which the Group operates. 

As  a  result  of  the  above,  as  a  global  financial  group  with  branches  and  subsidiaries  operating  in  numerous  countries, 
BBVA  applies  the  compliance  model  described  above  for  AML  risk  management  in  all  the  entities  that  make  up  the 
Group. This model takes into account all regulations of the jurisdictions in which BBVA is present, the best practices of 
the international financial industry regarding this matter, and recommendations issued by international bodies, such as 
the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).  

This management model is constantly evolving. Thus, the risk analyses that are carried out annually allow us to tighten 
controls and to establish, where appropriate, additional mitigating measures to enhance it. In 2019, the regulated entities 
of the Group carried out this AML risk assessment exercise, under the supervision of the corporate AML area.  

The BBVA Code of Conduct, in Sections 4.1 and 4.2, establishes the basic guidelines for action in this area. In line with 
these  guidelines,  BBVA  has  established  a  series  of  corporate  procedures  that  are  applied  in  each  geographical  area, 
including the Corporate Procedure of Action for the Establishment of Business Relations with Politically Exposed Persons 
(PEPs),  the  Corporate  Procedure  of  Action  for  the  Prevention  of  Money  Laundering  and  the  Financing  of  Terrorist 
Activities  in  the  Provision  of  Cross-Border  Correspondent  Services  or  the  Standard  that  establishes  the  Operational 
Restrictions  with  Countries,  Jurisdictions  and  Entities  designated  by  National  or  International  Organizations.  All 
applicable standards are available for consultation by employees in each country. 

BBVA  continued  to  roll  out  its  monitoring  tool  in  Turkey  and  Mexico,  which  has  already  been  implemented  in  Spain. 
Likewise,  the  Group  continued  with  its  strategy  to  apply  new  technologies  to  its  AML  processes  (machine  learning, 
artificial  intelligence,  etc.),  in  order  to  reinforce  both  the  detection  capabilities  of  suspicious  activities  of  the  different 
entities that make up the Group, as well as the efficiency of the said processes. For this reason it participated in the IIF 
Working Group Machine Learning Application to AML, among others. One result of the above has been improvements, in 
various countries, in the processes and systems that have allowed for increases in efficiency in AML equipment. 

In 2019, the BBVA Group handled 156,422 investigation files that resulted in 79,215 reports of suspicious transactions 
sent to the corresponding authorities in each country. 

In terms of training related to AML, each of the BBVA Group entities offers an annual training plan for employees. This 
plan, defined according to the needs identified, establishes training actions such as classroom courses or via e-learning, 
videos,  brochures,  etc.  Likewise,  the  content  of  each  training  action  is  adapted  to  the  target  group,  including  general 
concepts derived from the regulation of applicable AML standards, both internal and external, as well as specific issues 
that  affect  the  functions  developed  by  the  target  group  for  the  training.  In  2019,  78,122  attendees  participated  in  AML 
training activities, of which 23,355 belonged to the most sensitive groups, from the perspective of AML. 

The  AML  risk  management  model  is  subject  to  a  continuous  independent  review.  This  review  is  complemented  by 
internal  and  external  audits  carried  out  by  local  supervisory  bodies,  both  in  Spain  as  well  as  in  other  jurisdictions.  In 
accordance  with  Spanish  regulations,  an  external  expert  performs  a  yearly  review  of  the  Group’s  parent.  In  2019,  the 
external expert concluded that the AML system is in line with existing regulations and that it helps to minimize the risk of 
being used as a vehicle for money laundering or the financing of terrorism. In turn, the internal control body, which BBVA 
maintains at the corporate level, meets periodically and oversees the implementation and effectiveness of the AML risk 
management model. This supervision scheme is replicated at the local level as well. 

It  is  important  to  mention  BBVA’s  collaboration  work  with  the  different  government  agencies  and  international 
organizations  in  this  field:  attendance  at  the  meetings  of  the  AML  &  Financial  Crime  Committee  and  the  Financial 

53 

Sanctions Expert Group of the European Banking Federation, member of the AML Working Group of the IIF, participation 
in initiatives and forums to increase and improve exchanges of information for AML purposes, as well as contributions to 
public  consultations  issued  by  national  and  international  organizations  (European  Commission,  FATF/GAFI,  European 
Supervisory Authorities). 

Conduct with customers 

BBVA’s  Code  of  Conduct  places  its  customers  at  the  center  of  its  activities,  with  the  aim  of  establishing  lasting 
relationships, based on mutual confidence and the contribution of value. Thus, BBVA aspires to be the trusted partner of 
its  clients  in  the  management  and  control  of  their  finances  on  a  day-to-day  basis,  based  on  personalized  advice.  The 
objective is to improve the financial health of its clients, as a factor of differentiation of the Group's new strategy. 

In  order  to  achieve  this  objective,  BBVA  has  implemented  policies  and  procedures  aimed  at  getting  to  know  its 
customers better, with the purpose of being able to offer them products and services in line with their financial needs, as 
well as providing them with clear and accurate information, sufficiently in advance, on the risks of the products in which 
they  invest.  BBVA  has  also  implemented  processes  geared  toward  prevention,  or,  when  this  has  not  been  possible, 
management of the possible conflicts of interest that might arise in the marketing of its products. 

In 2019, progress continued on a global customer compliance model, which aims to establish a minimum framework of 
standards of conduct to be respected in the relationship with customers, applicable in all jurisdictions of the Group and 
aligned with the principles of the Code of Conduct. This model contributes to a better customer experience at BBVA in 
line  with  increasingly  standardized  regulations  on  customer  safety  and  protection  at  a  global  level  and  best  practice 
standards in commercial relations with customers.  

To this end, the Compliance Unit focused its activity on reinforcing the plans for adapting the Entity’s internal processes 
to  the  obligations  derived  from  the  regulations.  Among  these,  the  following  European  regulations  are  of  particular 
importance for customer protection:  

 Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MIFID II); 







Packaged Retail and Insurance-Based Investment Products (PRIIPs);

Private Insurance Distribution Directive; and

The Directive on Real-estate Loans. 

In 2019, BBVA continued with the deployment of the plan to adapt to MIFID II through the implementation of policies and 
procedures  on  different  areas.  Specifically,  regarding  the  knowledge  and  skills  of  the  personnel  that  inform  or  advise, 
BBVA continued to develop a training program that concluded with the accreditation of practically all of the employees 
and  agents  affected.  In  the  Group,  the  number  of  certified  sales  representatives,  following  the  requirements  of  local 
regulations in each country, amounts to 26,675 employees for investment and services products and 25,451 employees 
for the rest of products, as of December 31, 2019. 

In  addition,  BBVA  continues  to  strengthen  processes  aimed  at  prevention  or,  failing  that,  the  management  of  possible 
conflicts of interest that may arise in the marketing of its products. To this end, in 2019 a total of 15,591 Group employees 
were  trained  in  the  identification,  management  and  recording  of  potential  conflicts  of  interest  situations  during  the 
provision of services to customers. 

Other measures geared toward customer protection during 2019 were the following:  













Analysis of the characteristics, risks and costs of BBVA’s new products, services and activities from a customer
perspective through a number of new product committees operating within the Group. Over the course of the
year, these committees analyzed 358 new Group products, services or activities. 

Continuous collaboration with wholesale and retail product and business development units, focusing on digital
banking initiatives, with the aim of including the customers’ point of view, and investor protection in its projects
from the outset. 

The expansion of a global incentive project to the sales forces with a focus on customer experience and which
considers not only the quantity but also the quality of sales, in line with best practices in the sector. 

Progress  on  a  set  of  behavioral  risk  management  indicators  to  strengthen  the  customer,  investor  and  user
protection for banking or financial services. 

Internal governance to align the contribution and use of indexes to the recent regulation on reference indexes. 

The  promotion  of  communication  and  training  activities  for  commercial  networks  and  the  departments  that
support them, both through direct communications on products or services, as well as through specific courses
such as banking transparency, MIFID or insurance distribution. 

54 

Conduct on securities markets 

The  BBVA  Code  of  Conduct  includes  the  basic  principles  for  action  aimed  at  preserving  the  integrity  of  the  markets, 
setting  the  standards  to  be  followed  aimed  at  preventing  market  abuse,  and  guaranteeing  transparency  and  free 
competition in the professional activity carried out on the market by the BBVA collective. 

These basic principles are specifically developed in the Policy on Conduct in the Field of Securities Markets, which applies 
to all the individuals who form a part of the BBVA Group. Specifically, this policy establishes the minimum standards that 
are  to  be  respected  with  the  activity  carried  out  in  the  securities  markets  in  terms  of  privileged  information,  market 
manipulation,  and  conflicts  of  interest;  furthermore,  it  is  complemented  in  each  jurisdiction  with  an  internal  code  or 
regulation  of  conduct  (ICC)  addressed  to  the  subject  group  with  the  greatest  exposure  in  the  markets.  The  ICC 
develops the contents established in the policy, adjusting them, where appropriate, to local legal requirements. 

BBVA’s  policy  and  ICC  were  updated  in  2017  and  extended  to  the  entire  Group  in  2018.  In  order  to  carry  out  the 
management  of  this  regulation,  the  Group  has  the  GESRIC  tool,  which  is  in  continuous  development  and  has  been 
implemented in virtually the entire Group for over a decade. The degree of adhesion to the new ICC approached 100% of 
the individuals (approximately 7,000) in question. 

In  relation  to  the  market  abuse  prevention  program,  the  improvement  of  tools  for  detecting  operations  suspected  of 
market  abuse  continued,  strengthening  their  analytical  capabilities.  Specifically,  the  process  of  detecting  operations 
suspected  of  market  abuse  was  reinforced  in  Mexico,  with  the  implementation  of  a  new  tool  for  detecting  suspicious 
operations  that  has  already  been  proven  in  Europe.  The  market  area  communications  control  framework  was  also 
strengthened, thereby enhancing the process of detecting suspicious transactions based on transaction analysis. 

These  measures  enable  the  further  improvement  of  the  process  of  detecting  suspicious  transactions,  leading  to  the 
communication of possible market abuse practices to the relevant authorities in each country. 

In 2019, the  training on market abuse was strengthened, with courses  on inside  information and market manipulation, 
focusing especially on Mexico and South America, in which 607 market employees participated; and on training aimed at 
teams  dedicated  to  trading  derivatives  to  customers,  considered  as  US  Person  in  the  condition  of  swap  dealer,  in  line 
with  the  American  Dodd-Frank  act.  The  annual  Volcker  Rule  training  was  also  provided  to  a  group  of  2,046  Group 
employees, representing virtually the entire target group. 

Other standards of conduct 

One of the main mechanisms for managing conduct risk in the Group is its whistleblowing channels. As set out in the 
Code of Conduct, BBVA employees have the obligation not to tolerate any conduct that is contrary to the Code, or any 
conduct in the performance of their professional duties that may bring harm to the reputation or good name of BBVA. 
The  whistleblower  channel  is  used  to  help  employees  report  observed  or  reported  breaches  of  human  rights  by 
employees, customers, suppliers or colleagues; it is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year and is also open to Group 
suppliers. All reports are processed diligently and promptly. They are reviewed, and measures are taken to resolve any 
issues. The information is analyzed in an objective, impartial and confidential manner. 

BBVA has 16 complaints channels accessible to employees in all its main countries, which can be accessed through email 
and  telephone.  In  2019,  1,745  complaints  were  received  in  the  Group,  whose  main  complaint  aspects  refer  to  the 
categories of behavior with our colleagues (48.5%), and behavior with the company (37.2%). Approximately 44% of the 
complaints processed during the year ended with the imposition of disciplinary penalties. 

Among the work carried out in 2019, ongoing advice on the application of the Code of Conduct is particularly noteworthy. 
Specifically,  the  Group  formally  received  456  different  kinds  of  individual,  written  and  telephone  queries,  such  as  the 
resolution of possible conflicts of interest, the management of personal assets, or the development of other professional 
activities. Over the year 2019, BBVA continued with the work of communication and dissemination of the new Code of 
Conduct,  as  well  as  the  training  on  its  contents,  whose  online  course  has  been  carried  out  by  a  total  of  118,897 
employees. 

In addition, since the introduction in Spain of the new criminal liability regime of the legal entity, BBVA has developed a 
model  of  criminal  risk  management,  framed  within  its  general  internal  control  model,  with  the  aim  of  specifying 
measures directly aimed at preventing criminal acts through a government structure suited to this purpose. This model, 
which  is  periodically  subject  to  independent  review  processes,  is  intended  to  be  a  dynamic  process  in  continuous 
evolution,  so  that  the  experience  in  its  application,  the  changes  in  the  activity  and  the  structure  of  the  Entity  and,  in 
particular  in  its  control  model,  as  well  as  the  legal,  economic,  social  and  technological  developments  that  occur  will 
facilitate their adaptation and improvement.  

55 

Among the possible crimes included in the crime prevention model are those related to corruption and bribery, as there 
are  a  number  of  risks  that  could  arise  in  this  respect  in  an  entity  of  the  nature  of  BBVA.  Among  such  risks  are  those 
related  to  activities  such  as  the  offering,  delivery  and  acceptance  of  gifts  or  personal  benefits,  promotional  events, 
payments for facilitating activity, donations and sponsorships, expenses, hiring of personnel, relationships with suppliers, 
agents,  intermediaries  and  business  partners,  the  processes  of  mergers,  acquisitions  and  joint  ventures  or  the 
accounting and inadequate recording of operations. 

In  order  to  regulate  the  identification  and  management  of  the  aforementioned  risks,  BBVA  has  a  body  of  internal 
regulations  made  up  of  principles,  policies  and  other  internal  arrangements.  Regarding  the  principles,  the  followings 
applicable to the disinvestment processes for BBVA Group goods or services in favor of Group employees, and those to 
be applied to those involved in BBVA’s procurement process stand out. 

Among the most prominent policies are the following:  













Anti-corruption policy,

Policy for the prevention and management of conflicts of interest within BBVA,

Responsible procurement policy, 

Event policy and policy for the acceptance of gifts related to major sporting events, 

Corporate travel policy, and

Corporate event management policy. 

Likewise, regarding to other internal developments, the following stand out: 

 Management model for corporate and travel expenses for personnel. 

 Management model for expenses and investment. 



















Code of ethics for the recruitment of personnel.

Code of ethics for suppliers.

Rules relating to the acquisition of goods and services. 

Rules relating to gifts for employees from persons/entities outside the bank.

Rules for delivery of gifts and organization of promotional events. 

Rules for authorizing the hiring of consultancy services. 

Rules on dealing with individuals of public importance in matters of finance and guarantees.

Rules for delegating credit risk.

Requirements for establishing and maintaining business relations with politically exposed persons (PEP). 

 Manual for management of donations in the Responsible Business Department. 







Procedural manual (treatment and registration of communications in the whistleblower channel). 

Corporate rules for managing the outsourcing life cycle. 

Disciplinary regime (internal procedural rules). 

The BBVA Group’s anti-corruption policy develops the principles and guidelines contained, primarily, in section 4.3 of 
the  Code  of  Conduct  and  conforms  to  the  spirit  of  national  and  international  standards  on  the  subject,  taking  into 
consideration the recommendations of international organizations for the prevention of corruption and those established 
by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). 

The  BBVA  anti-corruption  framework  is  not  only  composed  of  the  aforementioned  regulatory  body,  but  also,  in 
compliance with the crime prevention model, has a program that includes the following elements: i) a risk map, ii) a set of 
mitigation measures aimed at reducing these risks, iii) action procedures to face emergent risk situations, iv) training and 
communication programs and plans, v) indicators aimed at understanding the situation of risks and their mitigation and 
control framework, vi) a whistleblower channel, vii) a disciplinary regime, and viii) a specific government model. 

In this context, it should be noted that BBVA takes into account the corruption risk present in the main jurisdictions in 
which it operates, based on the valuations published by the most relevant international organizations in this area. 

Within  the  general  training  program  in  this  area,  there  is  an  online  course  that  describes  matters  such  as  the  basic 
principles related to the Group’s prevention framework on anti-corruption that reminds employees of BBVA’s policy with 
respect to any form of corruption or bribery in its business activities. 

BBVA  was  also  awarded  the  AENOR  certificate  in  2017,  which  accredits  that  its  criminal  compliance  management 
system conforms to Standard UNE 19601:2017. The certification was reviewed by this external entity in 2018 and 2019, 
with successful results. 

Lastly, in July 2019 BBVA’s competition policy was approved, which, if extended to the entire Group, represents a step 
forward  in  the  development  of  standards  of  conduct  in  this  area.  The  policy  elaborates  on  principle  3.14  of  the  BBVA 
Code  of  Conduct  on  free  competition  and  covers  the  most  sensitive  risk  areas  identified  by  national  and  international 
bodies,  horizontal  agreements  with  competitors,  vertical  agreements  with  non-competitive  companies,  as  well  as 
possible abusive practices (in the case of a dominant market position). 

56 

Additionally, the Group has taken other basic commitments including: 















Corporate Social Responsibility Policy (CSR),

Human rights commitment,

Sectorial rules for environmental and social due diligence, 

Environmental commitment,

Rules of conduct in defense, 

Responsible procurement policy and 

Tax and fiscal principles. 

Notwithstanding what is provided in "Other non-financial risks" of the Non-financial information report and "Risk factors" 
sections,  during  2019  a  number  of  criminal  proceedings  have  been  initiated against  Group  entities  for  various  alleged 
offenses.  Notwithstanding  the  above,  up  to  the  date  of  issuance  of  this  Management  Report,  none  of  the  BBVA  Group 
entities has not been convicted by a final judgement of criminal responsibility. 

57 

Commitment to human rights  

BBVA adheres to a Commitment to Human Rights that seeks to guarantee respect for the dignity of all people and the 
rights that are inherent to them. Under this perspective, the Bank decided to identify the social and labor risks that derive 
from its activity in the different business areas and countries in which it operates. Once these risks have been identified, 
the Group manages its possible impacts through processes specifically designed for this purpose (for example, the due 
diligence  processes  in  Project  finance  under  the  Equator  Principles  or  through  existing  processes  that  integrate  the 
Human  Rights  perspective  such  as  the  supplier  approval  process  or  the  diversity  policy).  On  the  other  hand,  the 
methodology  for  the  identification,  evaluation  and  management  of  BBVA's  reputational  risk  is  a  crucial  element  to  this 
management, since the assessment of reputational risks highlights the fact that human rights issues have the potential 
to have an impact on the bank's reputation. 

In order to comply with the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and with the responsibility 
of preventing, mitigating, and remedying the potential impacts on human rights in 2017 a due diligence process was 
carried  out.  The  procedure  used  to  identify  and  evaluate  these  risks  or  impacts  was  based  on  the  aforementioned 
Principles and contributed to strengthen to detection and assessment of risks from the perspective of human rights. 

As a result of the aforementioned process, the potential impacts of the operations on human rights were identified and 
mechanisms  were  designed  within  the  Entity  to  prevent  and  mitigate  them,  making  the  adequate  channels  and 
procedures available to the affected party in order to ensure that, in case of any violation, the appropriate mechanisms 
remain in place to ensure all necessary repairs. In this process, certain key issues were identified that could potentially 
serve as levers for the improvement of the management system within the Group.   

These issues are grouped into four areas that serve as the basis and foundation of the Group's Action Plan on Human 
Rights 2018-2020, which is public and is updated every year. 

1. Policy and structure

The  updating  of  the  Human  Rights  Commitment,  which  was  renewed  in  2018,  was  recommended  in  the  due  diligence 
process. For this update, the Guiding Principles of Business and Human Rights guidelines, backed on June 16, 2011 by the 
United  Nations  Human  Rights  Council  and,  on  the  other  hand,  the  results  of  the  global  process  itself,  were  taken  as 
reference markers for due diligence. 

This  commitment  is  articulated  around  the  stakeholders  with  which  BBVA  is  related:  employees,  customers,  suppliers 
and society; and it includes the three pillars on which the aforementioned Guiding Principles are based, which are: 







state duty to protect,

corporate responsibility to respect human rights, 

and the joint duty to implement mechanisms that ensure the remedy of possible human rights abuses.

All  the  individuals  employed  in  the  Group  are  responsible  for  making  this  commitment  a  reality  on  a  day-to-day  basis. 
Each  area  and  employee  has  the  duty  to  be  familiar  with  all  matters  that  pertain  to  them  that  may  imply  a  violation  of 
human  rights,  and  implement  the  measures  of  due  diligence  to  avoid  it.  However,  BBVA  has  a  structured  governance 
model following the internal control model, composed of three lines of defense: 







The first line of defense consists of the Group's units directly responsible for the management of these risks. 

The  second  line  of  defense  lies  with  the  Responsible  Business  Department,  which  is  also  responsible  for
designing, implementing and improving commitment as well as acting as a second line of defense. 

The third line of defense is the Internal Audit Area. 

2. Training and cultural transformation

With regard to the due diligence process, it is advisable to integrate the human rights perspective into: 







Internal and external communication plan, 

Plan on diversity and conciliation, and

General and specialized training plan for employees. 

Respect  for  the  equality  of  people  and  their  diversity  is  reflected  in  the  corporate  culture  and  management  style,  is  a 
guiding principle of employee policies, especially those of selection, development and compensation, which guarantee 
non-discrimination based on gender, race, religion or age, and, as such, is included in the BBVA Code of Conduct. 

Thus,  this  Code,  among  other  matters,  includes  the  treatment  of  discrimination,  harassment  or  intimidation  in  labor 
relations, objectivity in the selection, hiring and promotion that avoids discrimination or conflicts of interest, among other 

58 

issues, as well as safety and health in the workplace, employees must communicate any situation they understand that 
poses a risk to safety or health at work. 

In  addition,  BBVA’s  Commitment  to  Human  Rights  assumes  the  commitment  to  the  application,  for  example,  of  the 
content  of  the  fundamental  conventions  of  the  International  Labor  Organization  (ILO)  such  as  those  related  to  the 
elimination of all forms of forced labor; the effective abolition of child labor (minimum age and worst forms of child labor); 
and the elimination of discrimination in employment and occupation, among other commitments. 

3. Processes improvement

After the analysis, the importance of strengthening the process of approval and evaluation of suppliers, and the operation 
and scope of the repair mechanisms was concluded. 

From  the  point  of  view  of  suppliers,  BBVA  has  a  responsible  purchasing  policy  and  an  ethical  code  of  suppliers  and, 
during 2018, reinforced compliance with the Commitment to Human Rights with the integration of the prism of human 
rights in the evaluation of suppliers in the approval process. 

BBVA  works  to  establish  remedy  mechanisms  in  the  role  of  corporate  lender,  employer  or  as  a  company  that  hires 
services to others. As such, it is open to managing any issue raised by any of its stakeholders regarding its credit activity 
and  in  relation  to  performance  in  the  field  of  human  rights  through  two  channels:  the  official  listening  channels  of  the 
Bank, aimed at clients, and external channels. An example of an external channel is the OECD's national contact points, 
whose objective is to admit and resolve claims related to losses of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises.  

In relation to employees, suppliers and society in general, the BBVA Code of Conduct includes an express mention of the 
commitment to human rights and provides a whistleblower channel to report possible breaches of the code itself.   

4. Business and strategy alignment

The  analysis  recommended  the  inclusion  of  human  rights  criteria  in  strategic  projects  of  the  Group,  such  as  the  due 
diligence process in the acquisition of companies or the social and environmental framework. 

In  addition,  as  signatories  to  Equator  Principles,  BBVA  complies  with  the  requirement  to  conduct  a  due  diligence 
analysis  of  potential  human  rights  impacts  in  project  finance  operations.  In  case  of  detecting  potential  risks,  the 
operation must include an effective form of management of these risks, as well as operational mechanisms to support 
claims management.  

Also within the framework of the Equator Principles, BBVA actively promotes the inclusion of free prior informed consent 
(FPIC), not only in emerging countries, but also in projects in countries where a robust legislative system is presupposed 
as well, which guarantees the protection of the environment and the social rights of its inhabitants. 

BBVA  is  also  a  signatory  of  the  United  Nations  Global  Compact  Principles,  maintaining  a  constant  dialog  and 
exchange  of  experiences  with  other  signatory  entities  (companies,  SMEs,  third  sector  entities,  educational  institutions 
and  professional  associations).  Along  the  same  lines,  BBVA  promotes  a  dialog  with  NGOs  concerning  its  fiscal 
responsibility,  and  participates  in  various  meetings  with  investors  and  stakeholders  in  which  it  follows  up  on  issues 
related to human rights. 

BBVA participates in different work groups related to human rights and is in constant dialog with its stakeholders. At a 
sectoral level, BBVA makes up part of the Thun Group, a group of global banks that works to understand how to better 
apply  the  United  Nations  Guiding  Principles  on  Business  and  Human  Rights  in  the  practices  and  policies  of  financial 
institutions, and across various banking businesses.  

In 2019, the Responsible Banking  Principles have been signed officially after their launch in 2018 to which BBVA  has 
adhered  as  one  of  the  sponsors  and  founding  banks  for  the  initiative  together  with  other  131  entities  from  all  over  the 
world.  Under  the  auspices  of  the  United  Nations,  these  Principles  are  put  forth  with  the  aim  of  providing  a  sustainable 
financing  framework  and  supporting  the  sector  in  a  manner  that  shows  its  contribution  to  society.  In  this  sense,  the 
implementation  guidelines  expressly  mention  the  importance  of  integrating  the  Guiding  Principles  of  Business  and 
Human Rights, in the implementation of the six principles, which are: 1. Alignment. 2. Impact and target setting, 3. Clients 
and Customers, 4. Stakeholders , 5. Governance and culture , and 6. Transparency and accountability.  

Finally,  in  addition  to  these  initiatives,  and  taking  the  relevance  of  the  mortgage  market  in  Spain  into  account,  BBVA 
generated a social housing policy. 

Social Housing Policy in Spain 

BBVA's  Social  Housing  Policy  aims  to  offer  solutions  tailored  to  customers  with  mortgages  that  have  difficulties  in 
meeting  their  repayments.  BBVA  is  looking  at  every  re-financing  option  available  in  accordance  with  the  customers’ 
ability to pay, in order to allow them to keep their homes, what has been done for 81,000 customers so far. In addition, 

59 

any situation can be referred to the Committee for the Protection of Mortgage Debtors for review, which analyzes cases 
in  which  the  customers  or  their  families  face  the  risk  of  exclusion  without  legal  protection,  while  providing  individual 
solutions in accordance with each family’s specific circumstances (refinancing, debt remission, payments in kind, rented 
social housing in the debtor’s own home or the Bank’s available homes, etc.). 

In this regard, since the beginning of the crisis in Spain, BBVA has accepted more than 29,500 payments in kind from its 
customers.  

In  February  2012,  BBVA  decided  voluntarily  to  adhere  to  the  Code  of  Good  Practices  approved  by  the  Government, 
which had the objective of granting benefits to certain families who had contracted a mortgage loan and who were at risk 
of exclusion. In light of the approval of Royal Decree-Law (RDL) 27/2012, of Law 1/2013 and, finally, of RDL 1/2015 and 
Law 9/2015, BBVA determined, in a proactive manner, to inform all of its customers currently involved in a foreclosure 
process  of  the  existence  of  the  aforementioned  standards,  and  the  extent  of  their  effects,  so  that  they  might  take 
advantage of the benefits described therein. 

In  2018,  BBVA  transferred  its  real  estate  business  to  Cerberus  Capital  Management.  The  scope  of  the  Social  Housing 
Policy in Spain has adapted to this new situation, although it continued and is aimed at offering solutions that are tailored 
to mortgage holders who are experiencing difficulties in meeting their repayments. 

In 2019, with the entry into force of Law 5/2019, of March 15, on the regulation of real estate credit contracts, the bank 
decided to reaffirm its adherence to the Code of Good Practice in the wording set out in this law, which extends the scope 
of application of the special protective measures to all loan or credit contracts secured by a real estate mortgage whose 
debtor is at the exclusion threshold and which are in effect on the date of entry into force or are subsequently entered 
into. The measures provided for in this Royal Decree-Law are also applicable to the guarantors of the principal debtor, as 
regards their habitual residence and with the same conditions as those established for the mortgagor. 

BBVA has signed cooperation agreements with public entities for more than 1,000 houses. 

60 

Sustainable Finance 

Banks  play  a  crucial  role  in  the  fight  against  climate  change  and  in  achieving  the  United  Nations  Sustainable 
Development Goals thanks to their unique position in mobilizing capital through investments, loans, issues and advisory 
functions. They have effective measures in place to help tackle these challenges: On the one hand, providing innovative 
solutions to its customers to help them in the transition to a low-carbon economy and promoting sustainable financing; 
and on the other, integrating environmental and social risks in decision-making in a systematic manner.  

BBVA’s commitment to sustainable development is reflected in its global Environmental Commitment. Along these lines, 
in 2018, BBVA approved its climate change and sustainable development commitment to contribute to the achievement 
of  the  United  Nations  Sustainable  Development  Goals  and  to  addressing  the  challenges  arising  from  the  Paris  Climate 
Agreement.  This  2025  Pledge  will  help  the  Bank  progressively  align  its  activity  with  the  Paris  Agreement  on  climate 
change  and  achieve  a  balance  between  sustainable  energy  and  investments  in  fossil  fuels.  The  strategy  is  based  on  a 
threefold commitment: 

1.

To  finance:  BBVA  is  pledging  to  mobilize  €100,000m  in  green  finance,  social  infrastructure  and  sustainable
agribusiness, social entrepreneurship and financial inclusion.

2. To  manage  the  environmental  and  social  risks  associated  with  the  Bank’s  activity  in  order  to  minimize  its

potential direct and indirect negative impacts.

3. To  engage  all  stakeholders  to  collectively  promote  the  financial  sector’s  contribution  to  sustainable

development.

In view of the activities in which BBVA Group engages, it has no environmental liabilities, expenses, assets, provisions or 
contingencies  that  are  significant  in  relation  to  its  net  worth,  financial  position  and  results.  For  this  reason,  as  of 
December 31, 2019, the attached consolidated Annual Accounts do not include any item that warrants inclusion in the 
environmental information document set out in Order JUS/318/2018, of March 21, which approves the new model for the 
entry of the consolidated annual accounts in the Mercantile Register for those obliged to publish them.  

However,  the  transition  to  a  sustainable  economy  is  today  a  priority  for  all  stakeholders  and  BBVA  wants  to  play  a 
relevant role in developing a more sustainable and inclusive world, as demanded by society, and helping its customers in 
the transition to that more sustainable future. 

Specifically, BBVA wants to make a significant contribution to the fight against climate change, helping its customers in 
the transition to a low carbon economy. In addition, BBVA is committed to supporting inclusive economic development, 
both through its business and through the various social programs promoted by the Group. 

61 

Sustainable financing 

Sustainable  finance  products  are  instruments  that  channel  funds  to  finance  customer  transactions  in  sectors  such  as 
renewable  energy,  energy  efficiency,  waste  management  and  water  treatment,  as  well  as  access  to  social  goods  and 
services, including housing, education, health and employment. BBVA strives to contribute to creating the mobilization of 
capital needed to halt climate change and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals mentioned before. To this end, it 
has pledged to mobilize €100,000m in sustainable financing between 2018 and 2025.  

BBVA used the activities included in the Green Bond Principles and the Social Bond Principles of the International Capital 
Markets Association as a benchmark to meet the objectives arising from its 2025 Pledge, under which the following types 
of sustainable financing were defined: 



Green financing for the transition to a low-carbon economy, which includes:

o

o

o

Certified green loans: those in which the object of the financing has positive environmental impacts and is
certified by an accredited independent third party. 

Loans  linked  to  green  indicators:  when  the  price  of  the  loan  is  linked  to  the  improvement  of  certain  pre-
established indicators of environmental performance by the client. 

Corporate  finance  to  customers  that  undertake  more  than  80%  of  their  activities  in  “green”  sectors,
according  to  the  Green  Bond  Principles:  renewable  energy;  sustainable  water  and  wastewater
management; clean transportation; and energy efficiency. 

Financing of projects related to some of the aforementioned categories. 

o
o Green  bonds  intermediated:  those  issued  by  companies  that  channel  funds  to  finance  projects  with  a

positive environmental impact (the Bank acts as a bookrunner). 







o Green solutions for retail customers. 
Social infrastructure and sustainable agribusiness:

o

o

o

Loans  linked  to  social  indicators:  when  the  price  of  the  loan  is  linked  to  the  improvement  of  certain  pre-
established indicators of social performance by the client. 

Corporate finance for customers with over 80% of their activity in sectors classified as social, according to
the Social Bond Principles: health, education, community support and social housing. 

Financing of high impact social infrastructure projects.

Sustainable agribusiness.

o
Financial  inclusion  and  entrepreneurship:  loans  to  low-income  communities,  vulnerable  micro-entrepreneurs,
female entrepreneurs, as well as new digital models and impact investments.

Other sustainable actions:

o

o

o

Loans linked to the KPI rating: those in which the price of the loan is linked to the overall performance of the
client  in  terms  of  sustainability,  taking  as  a  reference  the  rating  granted  by  an  independent  sustainability
analysis agency. 

Sustainable bonds intermediated: those issued by companies that channel funds to finance projects with a
positive environmental and social impact (the Bank acts as a bookrunner). 

Socially responsible investment, captured through vehicles with these characteristics marketed by BBVA.

Since the launch of its 2025 Pledge, BBVA has mobilized a total of €29,902m in sustainable financing, of which 
€18,087m in 2019, distributed as follows: 

FUNDS MOBILIZED THROUGH THE 2025 PLEDGE (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

2019 production 

Green financing 

Certified green loans 

Green KPI- linked loans 

Green corporate financing 

Green projects finance 

Green bonds 

Green retail financing 
Social Infrastructures and agribusiness 

Social KPI- linked loans 

Social corporate finance 

Social infrastructures project finance 
Financial inclusion and entrepreneurship 

Financial inclusion 

Loans to vulnerable entrepreneurs 

Loans to female entrepreneurs 

Impact investment 
Other sustainable mobilization 

ESG- linked loans 

Sustainable bonds 

Socially responsible investment 

Total 

Total 2025 Pledge (accumulated to 2019) 

Sustainable solutions for customers 

62 

(%) 

64

9 

13 

15

11,511

394

2,687

4,379

1,120

2,886

45
1,601 

78

1,501

22
2,319 

685

1,426

92

116
2,656

1,137

497

1,022

18,087 

29,902 

100 

In the sustainable bonds market, BBVA has been a highly experienced advisor when it comes to helping its customers 
issue green bonds since it took part in the first green bond issue by the European Investment Bank in 2007 and, more 
recently, as a leading institution in this type of initiative. BBVA has also been a signatory of the Green and Social Bond 
Principles  since  their 
inception,  which  are  voluntary  guidelines  that  establish  the  requirements  for  emissions 
transparency and promote integrity in the development of the green and social bond market.  

In  2019,  the  Bank  issued  a  second  green  bond  for  €1,000m,  following  its  debut  in  the  markets  with  its  first  issue  of  a 
green  bond  in  2018  for  the  same  amount,  the  largest  ever  issued  by  a  Eurozone  entity,  both  in  accordance  with  the 
framework  for  the  issue  of  bonds  linked  to  the  Sustainable  Development  Goals  published  in  2018,  which  allows  it  to 
channel funds to finance projects in sectors that are in line with its 2025 Pledge. For its part, the Bank published the first 
follow-up report on its inaugural green bond, which helped reduce its carbon footprint by nearly 275,000 tonnes of CO2 
and  generate  558  gigawatts/hour  of  renewable  electricity  by  financing  renewable  energy  and  sustainable  transport 
projects. 

Overall, BBVA participated in 30 issues as a bookrunner, which involved the placement of €23,198m in total (with a BBVA 
market share of €3,383m). 

In the area of sustainable corporate loans, in 2019, the Bank granted a total of €4,296m between certified green loans, 
green and social KPI- linked loans and ESG- linked loans. 

In 2019, the Bank financed sustainable projects for a total amount of €1,142m, mainly in the renewable energy sector. 
Among  the  operations  carried  out  during  the  year  were  the  financing  of  3  wind  farms  in  Italy,  11  in  Spain  and  the  first 
offshore wind farm in France. 

BBVA has a Corporate Finance (M&A) team dedicated to renewable energy operations, one of the most active in the 
sector. It is for this reason that BBVA is a leader in providing advice to energy companies, for their disinvestment in coal 
plants and the capital increase to finance and develop renewable energy projects. 

63 

In 2019, BBVA updated the sustainable transactional product framework that was published in 2018, to expand its reach 
to  a  greater  number  of  sectors  and  customers  that  establish  strategies  to  curb  climate  change  and  boost  sustainable 
development. 

Likewise, BBVA offers sustainable solutions for retail customers in various countries.  

In  Spain,  it  offers  credit  facilities  to  small  businesses  and  individuals  to  purchase  hybrid  and  electric  vehicles,  install 
renewable  energy  solutions  and  improve  energy  efficiency  in  buildings.  In  2019,  the  catalog  of  available  sustainable 
solutions was expanded, both in the area of mobility and energy efficiency. On the one hand, a specific SME funding line 
was launched for the replacement of their vehicle fleet with plug-in electrical or hybrid models. On the other hand, in the 
area of housing, a line of loans to property developers was launched, specifically aimed at developments with high energy 
certifications,  which includes the innovative possibility  that retail customers who purchase these homes will be able  to 
benefit  from  an  interest  rate  subsidy  on  their  mortgage.  Sustainable  financing  operations  with  Spanish  companies  of 
smaller  segments  also  increased.  In  the  retail  investment  sector,  BBVA  has  a  range  of  sustainable  funds,  such  as  the 
conservative  multi-asset  fund  BBVA  Futuro  Sostenible  ISR  and  the  international  equity  fund  BBVA  Bolsa  Desarrollo 
Sostenible.  In  addition,  in  2019  the  Bank  has  launched  its  first  individual  pension  plan  managed  with  SRI  criteria,  the 
BBVA Plan Sostenible Moderado. 

In other areas, advances in equipment leasing linked to sustainability in Mexico, where an agreement was signed with the 
International Finance Corporation (IFC) to promote this product in 2019, and green mortgages, also marketed within the 
framework of the IFC agreement, and lines of loans for electric and hybrid vehicles in Turkey stand out. 

Financial inclusion and entrepreneurship 

BBVA is aware that greater financial inclusion has a favorable impact on the welfare and sustained economic growth of 
countries. The fight against financial exclusion is therefore consistent with its ethical and social commitment, as well as 
with  its  medium-  and  long-term  business  objectives.  For  this  purpose,  the  Group  has  developed  a  financial  inclusion 
business model to cover the low-income population in emerging countries within its global footprint. This model is based 
on  the  development  of  a  responsible  business  model  that  is  sustainable  in  the  long  term,  shifting  from  a  model  that  is 
intensive  in  human  capital  and  of  limited  scalability  to  a  scalable  strategy  that  is  intensive  in  alternative  and  digital 
channels with a multi-product focus. In short, this model is based on the use of new digital technologies, an increase in 
products and services offered through non-branch platforms and innovative low-cost financial solutions designed for this 
segment. 

At the close of 2019, BBVA had 10 million active customers in this segment. Regarding the Group's initiatives in different 
geographies, in Mexico, work is underway to promote banking penetration for beneficiaries of family remittances and to 
digitize the segment, which currently has 23% of digital users.  

In Colombia, zero-cost transfers can be made via cell phones and the Internet, with the aim of eliminating barriers and 
encouraging greater access to the financial system and online banking. 

In Peru, the BIM electronic wallet continues to be strengthened with new features, such as payment for services such as 
electricity, water or gas, and at selected establishments. 

Furthermore, Garanti continues to support the inclusion of women in the Turkish labor market within the framework of 
its Female Entrepreneur program. 

Socially responsible investment 

BBVA assumed its commitment to Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) in 2008 when it joined the UN Principles for 
Responsible  Investment  (PRI)  through  the  employee  pension  plan  and  one  of  the  Group’s  major  asset  managers  in 
Spain, Gestión de Previsión y Pensiones. The goal then was to start building BBVA’s own responsible investment model 
from the ground up, with the initial implementation focused on employment pension funds. At present, the objective is to 
extend the scope of this model to all managed portfolios.  

In 2019, BBVA Asset Management (BBVA AM) continued to adapt  to the market and the changes within it, working to 
extend and improve the SRI solutions offered. The strategies implemented by the BBVA AM SRI model are the following: 





The  Integration  of  ESG  (environmental,  social  and  governance)  criteria  into  the  investment  process,  carried
out  by  developing  a  proprietary  model  that  incorporates  extra-financial  criteria  into  a  model  portfolio,
constructed  according  to  fundamental  analysis.  This  model,  initially  implemented  in  variable  income  and
subsequently in fixed income, has been fully incorporated into the management of employment plans and SRI
investment funds in Spain. In this regard, BBVA AM is working to incorporate ESG criteria into the investment
process of all investment solutions handled in Spain. 

Exclusion: The Rules of Conduct in Defens eapply to all units and subsidiaries of the BBVA Group, and therefore
to all vehicles that are managed within the AM business in all geographical areas. For its application, BBVA uses

exclusion lists of companies and countries, drawn up and updated periodically, with the help of an independent 
expert advisor. These lists include companies involved in controversial weapons and countries with high risk of 
violating human rights, which are automatically excluded from the list of companies in which BBVA can invest.  





ESG analysis of third-party funds, which also includes issues relating to their SRI performance. 

Engagement  and  exercise  of  political  rights,  through  the  attendance  of  200  general  shareholders’  meetings
(Spanish companies and foreign European companies) in 2019, whose shares are in the portfolios of the various
investment vehicles managed by BBVA AM. 

ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT WITH SRI CRITERIA (BBVA ASSET MANAGEMENT. MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

64 

Total assets under management 

Europe 

Mexico 

South America 

Turkey 
SRI strategy applied 

Exclusion (1) 

Vote (2) 

Integration (3) 

31-12-19

113,651 

75,645 

27,708 

6,341 

3,957 

113,651 

75,645 

8,844 

(1) The exclusion strategy applies to 100% of the assets under management. 

(2) The vote strategy applies to 100% of the assets under management in Europe for those instruments, in BBVA AM portfolios, that generate voting rights and their issuers are in the
European geographical area. 

(3) The integration strategy is applied in ISR pension plans and mutual funds of the Europe business.

65 

Social and environmental impact management

As  a  financial  institution,  BBVA  exerts  an  impact  on  the  environment  and  society  directly,  through  the  use  of  natural 
resources and the relationship with its stakeholders; and indirectly, through its credit activity and the projects it finances. 

In terms of environmental and social risks, BBVA’s strategy aims to gradually integrate its management into the Group’s 
Risk Management Framework, in order to mitigate them based on the principle of prudence. 

Environmental risks 

As  part  of  its  2025  Pledge,  BBVA  committed  to  aligning  its  objectives  with  the  Paris  agreements.  They  envisage  a 
reduction  in  emissions  to  limit  the  increase  in  temperature  to  2ºC  relative  to  the  pre-industrial  era.  This  commitment 
results in different actions aimed at mitigating these risks. 

In analyzing the risks that may impact its business, BBVA identified two types of risk: 





Transition risks, both direct and indirect, resulting from changes in legislation, the market, consumers, etc.

Physical risks arising from climate change, which may have acute effects due to specific climatic phenomena,
or chronic effects due to changes in weather patterns over time. 

BBVA has implemented various initiatives and plans in order to manage these risks. The objective is to reduce BBVA’s 
impact on the environment, either directly or indirectly, and thus limit its exposure to this type of risk. For this reason, 
initiatives have been launched to try to assess these risks and incorporate them into the Bank’s management framework.  

This process includes the management of direct and indirect environmental impacts and the analysis of environmental 
risks, as described in the following sections. 

Management of direct environmental impacts 

As part of its commitment to reduce the direct environmental impact of its activity, BBVA continued to work in 2019 to 
reduce  its  environmental  footprint  through  the  Global  Eco-efficiency  Plan  (GEP).  This  plan  establishes  the  following 
strategic vectors and global objectives for the 2016-2020 period: 

These objectives are in line with those set out in 2025 Pledge: on the one hand, a 68% reduction in emissions; and on the 
other, 70% of the energy contracted by 2025 must come from renewable sources and 100% by 2030. In line with this 
last objective, BBVA is a member of the RE100 initiative, through which the world’s most influential companies undertake 
to make their energy 100% renewable by 2050. 

Moreover,  BBVA  was  the  first  Spanish  bank  to  adhere  to  the  Science  Based  Targets  initiative  whose  purpose  is  for 
member  companies  to  set  greenhouse  gas  emission  reduction  targets  aligned  with  the  level  of  decarbonization 
necessary to keep the global temperature rise below 2ºC on pre-industrial levels, as established by the Paris Agreement. 

Together  with  these  commitments,  BBVA  announced,  within the  framework  of  the  UN  Conference  on  Climate  Change 
(COP25) held in Madrid in December 2019, the introduction of an internal price to CO2 emissions from 2020, and the goal 
of being carbon neutral that same year. 

MAIN INDICATORS OF THE GLOBAL ECO-EFFICIENCY PLAN 

People working in the certified buildings (%) (1)

Electricity usage per person (MWh) 

Energy coming from renewable sources (%) 

Co2 emissions per person (T) (2)

Water consumption per person (m3)
People working in buildings with alternative sources of water supply 
(%) 

Paper consumption per person (T) 
People working in buildings with separate waste collection certificate 
(%) 
Note: indicators calculated based on employees and external staff. 

(1) Including ISO 14001 and LEED certifications. 

(2) Emissions calculated according to the market-based method. 

66 

2018 (3) 

45

5.70 

39 

1.97

19.07

13

0.05 

44

2019

49

5.43 

39 

1.82

14.70

15

0.04 

46

(3) The data has been updated with respect to those published in previous reports due to post-2018 adjustments as well as the exclusion of Paraguay and Venezuela from the eco-
efficiency data. 

In  2019,  the  evolution  of  the  Group’s  environmental  footprint  was  very  positive  compared  to  the  previous  year,  with 
reductions of 8% in CO2 emissions (according to the market-based method), of 5% in electricity consumption, of 23% 
in water  consumption  and  of  19%  in  paper  (each  per  person).  The  percentage  of  renewable  energy  consumption 
has  remained at 39%, and the percentage of people working in buildings with environmental certification reached 49% 
by the end of the year. 

The measures taken by BBVA to reduce its environmental footprint in 2019 are:  





Environmental management in buildings: 1,026 branches and 78 corporate buildings have their Environmental
Management  Systems  certified  under  ISO  14.001:2015  in  Argentina,  Colombia,  Spain,  Peru,  Uruguay,  Mexico
and Turkey. Furthermore, 15 buildings in Spain also have their Energy Management System certified under ISO
50.001:2018. The Group’s 22 buildings and 9 branches are LEED certified for sustainable construction, including 
the Bank’s main headquarters in Spain, Mexico, the United States, Argentina and Turkey. And 12 buildings and 2
branches have achieved this year the Energy Star certification in the United States, a program developed by the
U.S Environmental Protection Agency created in 1992 to promote energy efficiency, thereby reducing the effect
of greenhouse gas emission. 
Energy  and  climate  change:  100%  of  the  energy  consumed  in  Spain  comes  from  renewable  sources,  and  in
Mexico and the United States it has already reached 23 and 34%, respectively. Also, in 2019 construction began
on  the  BBVA-sponsored  wind  farm,  which  will  supply  30%  of  the  bank’s  energy  consumption  in  Spain  from
2020,  under  the  long-term  power  purchase  agreement  (PPA)  signed  last  year.  Mexico  also  signed  a  similar
agreement  for  the  supply  of  65%  of  its  energy  consumption.  Several  countries  such  as  Turkey,  Uruguay  and
Spain have also committed themselves to the self-generation of renewable energy in their buildings, through the
installation  of  solar photovoltaic and solar  thermal panels. Lastly, the Group maintains  its continuous  effort  to
implement  energy  saving  measures  in  its  buildings.  We  should  also  note  the  time  adjustments  made  with
respect to the use of natural light in facilities. 



 Water: Water is one of the resources with the greatest impact, and in order to reduce this impact initiatives have
been implemented in Spain and Mexico, such as the installation of dry urinals in corporate headquarters, which
will generate savings of 25,000 m3.
Paper and waste: The #BBVAPlasticFree project was launched with the aim of eliminating most of the single-use
plastics in corporate headquarters, which has been replaced with biodegradable materials. Plastic bottles from
catering  services  were  also  replaced  with  purified  water  fountains  and  digital  freshwater  stations  in  several
buildings in Spain. These measures have helped to reduce the number of plastic bottles by more than 500,000
a year.
Awareness campaigns: As in previous years, BBVA joined the “Earth Hour” initiative, during which 114 buildings
and 183 Bank branches in 113 cities in Spain, Portugal, Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Turkey, Peru, Uruguay and
the  United  States  turned  off  their  lights  to  support  the  fight  against  climate  change.  Many  awareness-raising
activities were also carried out with employees in several countries to mark World Environment Day. 



ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT (BBVA GROUP) 

Consumption

Public water supply (cubic meters) 

Paper (tons) 

Energy (Megawatt hour) (1) 
CO2 emissions 

Scope 1 emissions (tons CO2e) (2)

Scope 2 emissions (tons CO2e) market-based method (3)

Scope 2 emissions (tons CO2e) location-based method (4)

Scope 3 emissions (tons CO2e) (5)
Waste

Hazardous waste (tons) 

Non-hazardous waste (tons) 

67 

2019

2018 (6) 

2,061,431 

5,747

855,938

16,899

195,590 

297,920 

56,699

168

5,054

2,696,274 

7,114

898,265

17,781

209,362

307,827

65,289

99

6,010

(1) Includes the consumption of electricity and fossil fuels (diesel oil, natural gas and LP gas), except fuels consumed in fleets. 

(2) Emissions from direct energy consumption (fossil fuels), calculated based on the emission factors of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. The IPCC
Fifth Assesment Report and the IEA were used as sources to convert these to CO2e. 

(3) Emissions from electricity consumption, calculated based on the latest emission factors available from the IEA for each contry. 

(4) Emissions from electricity consumption, calculated based on contractural and data or, failing this, on the latest emission factors available from the IEA for each country. 
(5) Emissions from business trips by plane and from journeys made by employees in central services to the work place, using DEFRA 2017 factors. Emissions from journeys made by 
employees  to  the  workplace  were  calculated  for  the  first  time  in  2017  based  on  surveys  conducted  on  a  sample  of  employees  and  extrapolating  the  data  to  the  total  number  of
employees in central services. These emissions are not taken into account for the Global Eco-efficiency Plan. 

(6) The data has been updated with respect to those published in previous reports due to post-2018 adjustments as well as the exclusion of Paraguay and Venezuela from the eco-
efficiency data. 

Regarding the direct impacts chapter, the Bank established a goal of reducing 68% of its emissions of scope 1 and 2, as 
well as a 70% consumption of renewable energy, in the framework of its 2025 Pledge. 

Indirect environmental impacts 

Managing  the  environmental  impacts  generated  by  its  customers  is  part  of  2025  Pledge.  In  order  to  manage  these 
impacts, BBVA launched a series of initiatives and tools. 

Sector norms 

In 2018, BBVA launched sector-specific norms that allow it to perform enhanced due diligence on its customers, manage 
stakeholder  expectations,  mitigate  risks  and  ensure  compliance  with  the  Corporate  Social  Responsability  policy.  The 
in  sectors  with  the  greatest 
norms  provide  guidance  for  decision-making 
environmental and social impact, such as defense, mining, energy, agriculture and infrastructure. They are available for 
consultation on the website of shareholders and investors of BBVA.   

in  relation  to  customers  operating 

In  addition,  this  year  BBVA  carried  out  an  analysis  of  sectoral  standards  for  updating  and  adapting  to  best  market 
practices and new standards. The most important changes were the reduction from 40% to 35% of the coal threshold in 
the energy mix and the inclusion of the transport, exploration and production of oil sands among banned activities. In the 
rules  on  energy  and  agriculture,  the  mention  of  biofuels  as  an  alternative  in  the  fight  against  climate  change  was 
eliminated and new restrictions related to tobacco advertising were incorporated. 

Equator Principles 

Energy,  transport  and  social  service  infrastructures,  which  drive  economic  development  and  create  jobs,  can  have  an 
impact on the environment and society. BBVA’s commitment is to manage the financing of these projects to reduce and 
avoid negative impacts and enhance their economic, social and environmental value. 

All  decisions  to  finance  projects  are  based  on  the  criterion  of  principle-based  profitability.  This  implies  meeting 
stakeholder expectations and the social demand for adaptation to climate change and respect for human rights. 

In line with this commitment, since 2004 BBVA has adhered to the  Equator Principles (EP), which  include a series of 
standards for managing environmental and social risk in project financing. The EPs were developed on the basis of the 
International Finance Corporation’s (IFC) Policy and Performance Standards on Social and Environmental Sustainability 
and the World Bank’s General Guidelines on Environment, Health and Safety. These principles have set the benchmark 
for responsible finance. 

The analysis of the projects consists of subjecting each operation to an environmental and social due diligence process, 
starting  with  the  allocation  of  a  category  (A,  B  or  C),  which  reflects  the  project’s  level  of  risk.  Reviewing  the 
documentation provided by the customer and independent advisers is a way to assess compliance with the requirements 

68 

established in the EPs, according to the project category. Financing agreements include the customer’s environmental 
and  social  obligations.  The  application  of  the  EPs  at  BBVA  is  integrated  into  the  internal  processes  for  structuring, 
acceptance and monitoring of operations, and is subject to regular checks by the Internal Audit Department. 

BBVA  has  strengthened  due  diligence  procedures  associated  with  financing  projects  whose  development  affects 
indigenous  communities.  Where  this  is  the  case,  free,  prior  and  informed  consent  (FPIC)  is  required  from  these 
communities, regardless of the geographic location of the project. This implies extending the current EP requirement to 
all  countries.  In  2019,  BBVA  actively  contributed  to  the  development  of  the  fourth  version  of  the  Principles  through  its 
participation  in  two  working  groups.  At  the  global  level,  for  projects  that  meet  these  new  circumstances,  the  Equator 
Principles  Financial  Institution  (EPFI)  requires  an  independent  environmental  and  social  consultant  to  evaluate  the 
consultation  process  with  indigenous  peoples,  and  the  outcomes  of  this  process.  The  voting  process  for  the  final 
document took place in October 2019 and was launched at the annual meeting in November. Members will have one year 
to adopt the new principles. 

OPERATIONAL DATA ANALYZED ACCORDING TO THE EQUATOR PRINCIPLES CRITERIA 

Number of transactions  

Total amount (millions of euros) 

Amount financed by BBVA (millions of euros) 

2019

39

15,287 

2,437 

2018

29

13,613 

1,289 

Note: of the 39 transactions analyzed, 16 fail under the Equator Principles, and the remaining 23 were analyzed voluntarily by BBVA using the same criteria in 2019 (29, 16 y 15, 
respectively, in 2018). 

PACTA Methodology Used to Evaluate Loan Portfolios and Their Alignment with the Paris Agreement 

One of the objectives of BBVA’s climate change strategy is to gradually align the bank’s activity with the Paris Agreement.
To  this  end,  it  has  joined  other  European  banks  in  a  joint  commitment  to  develop  methodologies  for  evaluating 
portfolios  in  sectors  with  the  greatest  impact  and  to  align  them  progressively  with  the  objectives  set  out  in  the  Paris 
Agreement  on climate change. The initial methodology  that is going  to  be used is PACTA, developed by the think  tank 
2degree Investing Initiative.

This methodology consists of gaining a better understanding of the climate change strategy used by customers in these 
sectors, the technological changes required and the plans to reduce their carbon dioxide emissions. These simulations 
can be used to make a five-year projection  of the customer’s technological transition in a given industry and provide a 
comparison, in line with the scenarios offered by the International Energy Agency. In 2019, a test of the methodology was 
carried out in order to identify requirements and make a first analysis of the portfolio. 

Environmental risk analysis 

Analysis of transition risks with climate scenarios

BBVA  participated  in  the  pilot  project  developed  by  UNEP  FI  in  2018  2018  about  the  application  of  its  methodology  to 
establish  scenarios  and  analyze  the  impact  of  the  transition  risk.  From  the  results  obtained  in  that  project,  the  Bank 
decided  to  place  special  focus  on  scenario  analysis.  This  analysis  helps  to  identify  specific  risks  within  each  sector 
(especially those most exposed to risk).

Physical risk analysis

The effect of these risks depends on the sector analyzed. BBVA decided to focus its pilot on the analysis of physical risks 
in  the  mortgage  market,  with  an  initial  study  of  the  Mexican  market.  The  methodology  proposed  by  Acclimatise  (a 
consultant collaborator in the UNEP FI project). 

Social Risks 

BBVA addresses social risks from a perspective of prevention and mitigation of impacts. For this purpose, it uses tools 
such  as  sectoral  rules  or  the  Equator  Principles,  as  described  in  the  section  on  environmental  risks  above,  which  also 
have a social focus in certain aspects. BBVA also has a regulatory system for defense, which is described below.

Rules of conduct in defense 

Since  2005,  this  standard  has  summarized  BBVA’s  position  on  the  defense  industry,  arguing  that  there  are  certain 
activities and products related to this sector that may be contrary to corporate principles and its own business rules. In 
2019, BBVA updated this standard, the scope of which was extended in response to various demands from a number of 
stakeholders, mainly NGOs, standing out the following:







Depleted  uranium  munitions  and  white  phosphorus  munitions  were  included  in  the  definition  of  controversial
weapons  along  with  existing  categorizations  (anti-personnel  mines,  biological  weapons,  chemical  weapons,
cluster weapons, and nuclear weapons in certain cases).

The scope was extended to all BBVA Group divisions and subsidiaries and to all services. Thus, the standard will
also  apply  to  third-party  funds  (Quality  Funds)  and  will  continue  to  be  implemented  in  BBVA’s  advisory,
investment and financing services for companies and projects related to the defense sector. 

As for customer bans, the ban on manufacturers of military assault weapons for civilian use was added.

69 

70 

Engagement with global initiatives 

In  2019,  BBVA  maintained  its  involvement  with  the  main  international  initiatives  for  sustainable  development  and 
sustainability:  from  global  initiatives  such  as  the  United  Nations  Global  Compact  to  those  focused  on  environmental 
issues or the fight against climate change such as the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), the Katowice Commitment, the 
RE100,  and  the  Science  Based  Targets.  At  the  sectorial  level,  BBVA  remains  committed  to  groups  such  as  the  Thun 
Group on Banks and Human Rights, the Green Bond Principles, the Social Bonds Principles, the Green Loan Principles, 
the  Equator  Principles,  the  Principles  for  Responsible  Investment  (PRI)  and  the  United  Nations  Environment  Program 
Finance Initiative (UNEP FI). 

It should be noted that in 2019, BBVA signed the Principles of Responsible Banking, promoted by UNEP FI, as a founding 
signatory. In addition, and within the framework of these principles, BBVA joined the Collective Commitment to Climate 
Action launched by 31 international financial institutions as part of the United Nations climate summit held in New York in 
September 2019. This commitment aims to align its products and services with a collective strategy to the climate crisis. 

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 

The  SDGs  were  launched  in  2015  within  the  framework  of  the  United  Nations  and  signed  by  193  countries.  The  17 
objectives are framed within the Agenda 2030 on sustainable development, in order to protect the planet, to fight against 
poverty in an attempt to eradicate it and to secure a prosperous world for future generations. Each goal has a specific 
purpose  and  different  targets  to  achieve  it.  Each  target  also  has  its  own  indicators  to  determine  the  degree  of 
achievement of each goal. Similarly, this initiative aims to involve all stakeholders, from governments and businesses to 
civil society. 

Based  on  the  SDGs  and  the  Paris  Agreement,  in  2018  BBVA  announced  its  strategy  for  climate  change  and 
sustainable development in order to contribute to these two global initiatives. This strategy focuses on the mobilization 
of  capital  aimed  at  halting  climate  change  and  contributing  to  the  achievement  of  the  SDGs,  as  well  as  on  the 
management  of  the  environmental  and  social  risks  derived  from  its  activity  in  order  to  minimize  potential  direct  and 
indirect  negative  impacts.  BBVA  has  also  focused  on  involving  all  its  stakeholders  to  collectively  promote  the  financial 
sector’s contribution to sustainable development. Due to the magnitude of this, the challenges arising from the SDGs and 
global warming can only be overcome with firm commitment from all. This requires awareness, shared knowledge, call to 
action, dialog and alliances with all stakeholders, as well as participation in international and sectorial initiatives that join 
forces. 

Principles for Responsible Banking 

BBVA is one of the 28 founding banks around the world that have worked on the preparation of Principles of Responsible 
Banking  since  April  2018.  In  2019,  these  principles  were  officially  signed  and  BBVA  joined  131  other  global  financial 
institutions. This is an initiative coordinated by UNEP FI, the United Nations program for the environment and financial 
entities, and aims to respond to the growing demand of our different stakeholders to have a comprehensive framework 
that covers all dimensions of sustainable banking. 

In  this  sense,  BBVA  believes  that  these  Principles  will  help  reaffirm  its  Purpose,  enhance  its  contribution  to  both  the 
United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the commitments derived from the Paris Climate Agreements, and 
align its business strategy with these Principles. 

The Katowice Commitment 

BBVA,  together  with  other  European  banks,  has  signed  up  to  the  Katowice  Commitment,  an  initiative  aimed  at 
developing an impact assessment methodology to adapt our loan portfolio to the commitments of the Paris Agreement. 

In an open letter addressed to world leaders and heads of state gathered at the 24th UN Climate Change Conference in 
Katowice, Poland, these banks committed to finance and design the financial services needed to support customers as 
they transition to a low-carbon economy. 

 
 
 
 
71 

Contribution to society  

Investment in social programs 

Through its social programs, BBVA acts as an engine of opportunity for people, seeks to generate a positive impact on 
their lives, and delivers its aim of making the opportunities of this new era available to those who face the most difficulty, 
the  vulnerable.  In  2019,  the  BBVA  Group  allocated  €113.8m  to  social  initiatives  that  benefited  11.5  million  people.  This 
figure represents 2.4% of net attributable profit. 

In accordance with the Corporate Social Responsibility Policy, which was approved by the Board of Directors in 2018 and 
is  available  for  inspection  on  the  bbva.com  website,  BBVA  implements  its  community  involvement  by  supporting  the 
development of the societies in which the Group operates through financial activity, as well as through social programs 
focusing  on  education,  financial  education,  entrepreneurship,  and  knowledge.  To  this  end,  in  2019  BBVA  continued  to 
promote the main lines of action established in the Community Investment Plan, which it believes are still significant to 
the societies in which it operates, extending its scope to cover: 

 

Financial education, to improve people’s financial health through training in financial skills and competencies, 
through face-to-face and digital channels.  

  Social entrepreneurship, by supporting the most vulnerable entrepreneurs and those who generate a positive 

social impact via their companies, as well as raising the visibility of their initiatives.  

  Knowledge, education and culture, through support for initiatives that promote the sustainable development 

of societies and enable the creation of opportunities for people.  

Other  initiatives,  which  include  support  for  social  entities,  volunteer  work/community  service,  and  the  promotion  of 
corporate responsibility, both from corporate areas and from individual local banks, are developed to address different 
social challenges. 

INVESTMENT IN SOCIAL PROGRAMS BY 
FOCUS OF ACTIONS. 2019 

BENEFICIARIES OF SOCIAL PROGRAMS BY 
FOCUS OF ACTIONS. 2019 

Investment  in  BBVA’s  social  programs  is  channeled  through  its  local  banks  and  certain  foundations.  They  play  a 
fundamental role in the development of the societies in which the Group has a presence. 

The BBVA Foundation focuses on knowledge enhancement, culture, the dissemination of science and art, as well as the 
recognition  of  talent  and  innovation.  Its  activity  is  grouped  into  five  strategic  areas:  Environment,  Biomedicine  and 
Health,  Economy  and  Society,  Basic  Sciences  and  Technology,  and  Culture.  In  each  one  of  these,  it  designs,  develops 
and  finances  research  projects,  either  individually  or  in  teams;  facilitates  advanced  and  specialized  training  through 
scholarships, courses, seminars and workshops; awards prizes to researchers and professionals who have contributed 
significantly  to  the  advancement  of  knowledge;  and  communicates  and  disseminates  this  knowledge  through 
publications and conferences. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTMENT IN SOCIAL PROGRAMS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

Spain and corporative areas 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Other foundations (1) 

Total 

(1) It mainly includes the BBVA Foundation. 

Financial education 

2019 

28.9 

14.1 

30.9 

4.7 

4.8 

30.4 

113.8 

% 

25 

12 

27 

4 

4 

27 

100 

2018 

28.1 

11.1 

25.3 

5.2 

3.9 

30.9 

104.5 

72 

% 

27 

11 

24 

5 

4 

30 

100 

Its  global  objective  is  to  promote  a  concept  of  financial  education  in  a  broad  sense  through  the  Global  Financial 
Education Plan, which is based on three lines of action: 

 

 

 

Financial  education  for  society:  promote  the  acquisition  of  knowledge,  skills  and  attitudes  in  all  countries  in 
which BBVA has a presence, through its own programs  and in collaboration with third parties, with the aim of 
achieving  greater  knowledge  of  financial  concepts  and  a  change  in  behavior  in  financial  decision-making, 
enabling the improvement of people’s financial health. In 2019, a total of 1.9 million children and young people, 
adults  and  SMEs  benefited  from  local  initiatives.  This  year,  the  Group  began  to  reduce  its  initiatives  involving 
financial education for children, resulting in a 6% decrease in the number of beneficiaries.  

Financial education in customer solutions: Integrate financial capabilities into the customer experience. In order 
to  facilitate  informed  decision-making  and  improve  their  financial  well-being,  financial  education  content  was 
integrated into customer solutions in 2019.  

In  2019,  20,110  users  accessed  financial  education  content  published  on  bbva.com  and  288  people  attended 
events held by the Center for Education and Financial Capabilities.  

In 2019, €7.7m were spent on financial education. BBVA’s commitment to financial education is long-term, with €89m 
invested and 15.5 million people benefiting from different programs since 2008.  

Entrepreneurship 

In 2019, BBVA allocated €9.8m to entrepreneurship initiatives that benefited 2.2 million people. The following are among 
the global initiatives related to entrepreneurship: 

  BBVA  Momentum  is  a  global  program  that  helps  social  entrepreneurs  grow  and  broaden  their  impact.  It 
includes  training,  strategic  accompaniment,  networking  and  access  to  funding.  167  entrepreneurs  from 
Colombia, the United States, Mexico and Turkey participated in 2019. 

  BBVA Open Talent is a fintech startups competition  that  aims to foster  innovative technological solutions and 
raise awareness of emerging projects capable of transforming the financial sector. In 2019, 770 startups from 
95 countries participated, with 290 professionals involved. 

Knowledge, education and culture  

Regarding the knowledge, education and culture activities, €77.6m were invested, benefiting 7.2 million people in 2019.  

BBVA  contributes  to  the  dissemination  of  knowledge  through  BBVA  Research,  the  BBVA  Foundation  and  BBVA  Open 
Mind.  In  2019,  BBVA  Research  made  1,245  publications  available  to  shareholders,  investors  and  the  general  public, 
including  economic  studies,  reports  and  analysis,  and  have  been  viewed  by  363,591  people.  For  its  part,  the  main 
initiatives to support science (research, knowledge spaces, recognition and networking) benefited 3.1 million people.  

Education for society is an important aspect of BBVA’s social investment (32%), as it continues to support access to 
education,  educational  quality  and  the  development  of  21st  century  key  skills  as  sources  of  opportunity,  benefiting  
672,200 people in 2019. 

With the educational project Aprendemos juntos (Let’s learn together), BBVA aims to lead and promote conversation on 
education  in  the  21st  century,  taking  into  account  the  fact  that  education  provides  a  great  opportunity  to  improve 
people’s  lives.  The  project,  which  was  launched  in  January  2018  with  a  transformative  mission  that  aims  to  create 
opportunities  in  more  than  3  million  homes  and  their  educational  community.  In  two  years,  the  project  is  followed  by 
more  than  2.5  million  people  on  social  networks,  with  more  than  700  million  views  of  its  inspiring  content,  and  55,264 
teachers and parents being trained through the online courses. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
73 

The promotion of cultural creation of excellence is one of BBVA Foundation’s cornerstones for generating knowledge. It 
focuses  its  support  on  classical  music,  with  an  emphasis  on  contemporary  music,  plastic  arts,  video  and  digital  art, 
literature  and  theater.  In  2019,  3.4  million  people  benefited  from  the  cultural  initiatives  promoted  by  the  BBVA 
Foundation. Likewise, the various local banks that make up the Group promote the culture in their respective countries 
through a great different range of activities. 

Other contributions 

BBVA’s  community  support  activity  extends  to  other  relevant  activities,  such  as  volunteer  work/community  service 
(more information in the Working Environment section of the chapter Questions relating to personnel), support for social 
entities  and  the  promotion  of  corporate  responsibility  through  participation  in  different  working  groups  (more 
information in the section on Involvement in global initiatives in the chapter on Sustainable Finance).  

In terms of contributions to foundations and non-profit organizations, the global amount of these contributions in 2019 
reached €8.0m.  

As a result of all the investments done in the framework of the Community Investment Plan, 11.5 million people benefited 
from it in 2019. Continuative objectives have been established for this year as well as management objectives to achieve 
an improved quality of the information related to the direct beneficiaries of the social programs. 

GOALS AND PROGRESS RELATED TO THE DIRECT BENEFICIARIES OF THE SOCIAL PROGRAMS (MILLION 
PEOPLE. 2019) 

Goal 

Progress 

Finance education 

Entrepreneurship 

Knowledge 

Education 

Culture 

Science 

Others 

Total 

0.7 

2.2 

0.0 

0.6 

1.5 

1.5 

0.0 

6.4 

1.9 

2.2 

0.0 

0.7 

3.4 

3.1 

0.2 

11.5 

 
 
 
 
74 

Fiscal transparency 

Fiscal strategy 

BBVA’s  fiscal  strategy,  which  has  been  approved  by  its  Board  of  Directors  and  is  available  for  consultation  on  the 
bbva.com  website,  is  aligned  with  the  Group’s  commitment  to  provide  the  best  solutions  for  its  customers,  to  offer 
profitable  and  sustained  growth  to  its  shareholders  and  to  collaborate  in  the  progress  of  the  societies  in  which  it  is 
present—in short, to make the opportunities of this new era available to all. 

This strategy is also part of BBVA’s corporate governance system and establishes the policies, principles and values that 
guide the way the Group behaves with respect to taxes. This strategy is global in scope and affects everyone within the 
Group.  Compliance  with  the  strategy  is  very  important,  given  the  scale  and  impact  that  the  tax  contributions  of  large 
multinationals such as BBVA have on the jurisdictions in which they operate. Effective compliance with the provisions of 
the fiscal strategy is duly monitored and supervised by the Bank’s governing bodies. 

 Accordingly, BBVA’s fiscal strategy is based on the following basic points:  

 

 

The payment of taxes in all the countries in which the Group has a presence, as an important contribution to the 
sustainability of their various economies. 

Economic activities that generate sustainable value for all its stakeholders. 

  Reasonable interpretations of tax regulations, as well as of the provisions contained in the agreements to avoid 

double taxation. 

 

The establishment of a transfer pricing policy for all transactions between related parties and entities, governed 
by the principles of free competition, value creation and assumption of risk and benefits. 

  Adaptation to the digital environment in order to face the fiscal challenges it poses. 

 

 

The  establishment  of  a  cooperative  relationship  with  tax  authorities,  based  on  the  principles  of  transparency, 
mutual trust, good faith and loyalty. 

The promotion of a transparent, clear and responsible reporting strategy on its main fiscal related matters. 

  Assessing tax implications for customers of new financial products, including relevant information for complying 

with tax obligations. 

Both  the  strategy  and  the  resulting  fiscal  policies  are  inspired  by  the  OECD’s  Base  Erosion  and  Profit  Shifting  Project 
(BEPS) reports and reflect the commitment to comply with and respect the letter and spirit of tax law in the jurisdictions 
in which the Group operates, in accordance with Chapter XI of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. 

Tax risk management and governance model 

BBVA employs a governance model related to tax and fiscal risk control mechanisms. 

The fiscal strategy has been developed through tax policies that have been duly communicated to all BBVA employees. 
The Group also has whistleblowing channels to report breaches of its Code of Conduct and its fiscal strategy. Fiscal risk 
management mechanisms are also in place to ensure that the Group’s tax obligations are being fulfilled. 

The head of the Tax Department regularly appears before governing bodies charged with duties in this area, in order to 
report on the Group’s main tax figures and the fiscal risk management measures it has adopted. 

Cooperation with tax authorities 

BBVA has a cooperative relationship with the tax authorities in the countries in which it operates. Notably, as an active 
member  of  the  Spanish  Large  Corporations  Forum,  BBVA  is  subject  to  the  CBPT  (Código  de  Buenas  Prácticas 
Tributarias — Code of Good Tax Practices) adopted by the Forum on July 20, 2010. 

The Group has once again voluntarily submitted the Annual Fiscal Transparency Report for Companies Adhering to the 
Code  of  Good  Tax  Practices  and  its  corporate  income  tax  declaration  for  the  previous  year,  which  included  its 
performance and proposals to strengthen the good practices on fiscal transparency—adopted in a plenary session of the 
Spanish Large Corporations Forum on December 20, 2016—for companies adhering to the Code. 

BBVA also adopted the Code of Practice on Taxation for Banks, a United Kingdom initiative that describes the expected 
approach from financial institutions in terms of governance, tax planning and engagement with the United Kingdom tax 
authorities, in order to promote the adoption of best practices in this area, which is published on the BBVA website. 

 
75 

Lastly, as a financial institution, BBVA is classed as a cooperative institution in terms of tax collection in the countries in 
which it operates. 

Total tax contribution 

BBVA is committed to provide transparency in the payment of taxes and this is the reason why for yet another year, as 
the Group has been doing since 2011, it voluntarily breaks down the total tax contribution in countries in which it has a 
significant presence. 

BBVA  Group’s  total  tax  contribution  (TTC),  which  uses  a  method  created  by  PwC,  includes  its  own  and  third-party 
payments  of  corporate  taxes,  VAT,  local  taxes  and  fees,  income  tax  withholdings,  Social  Security  payments,  and 
payments  made  during  the  year  arising  from  tax  litigation  in  relation  to  the  aforementioned  taxes.  In  other  words,  it 
includes  both  the  taxes  related  to  the  BBVA  Group  companies  (taxes  which  represent  a  cost  to  them  and  affect  their 
results) and taxes collected on behalf of third parties. The TTC Report provides all the stakeholders with the opportunity 
to understand BBVA’s tax payment and represents a forward-looking approach, as well as a commitment to corporate 
social responsibility, by which it assumes a leading position in fiscal transparency. 

GLOBAL TAX CONTRIBUTION (BBVA GROUP. MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Own taxes 

Third-party taxes 

Total tax contribution 

Offshore financial centers 

2019 

3,702 

5,588 

9,290 

2018 

4,502 

5,250 

9,752 

The  BBVA  Group  maintains  an  express  policy  on  activities  in  entities  permanently  registered  in  offshore  financial 
centers, which includes a plan for reducing the number of offshore financial centers in which the Group is present. 

As  of  December  31,  2019,  BBVA’s  permanent  establishments  registered  in  offshore  financial  centers  considered  tax 
havens by both the OECD and Spanish regulations are securities companies: BBVA Global Finance, Ltd., Continental DPR 
Finance Company, Garanti Diversified Payment Rights Finance Company and RPV Company. In 2018, the Group closed 
its branch in the Cayman Islands. 

Issuers of securities 

BBVA Group has four issuers registered in Grand Cayman, two of which belong to the Garanti Group. 

BRANCH AT OFFSHORE ENTITIES (BBVA GROUP. MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Securities issuers 

Subordinated debts (1) 

BBVA Global Finance LTD 

Other debt securities  

Continental DPR Finance Company (2) 

Garanti Diversified Payment Rights Finance Company 

RPV Company 

Total 

(1) Securities issued before the enactment of Act 19/2003 dated 4 July, 2003. 

(2) Securitization bond issuances in flows generated from export bills. 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

178 

35 

1,604 

1,355 

3,172 

175 

48 

1,793 

1,329 

3,345 

Supervision and control of the permanent establishments of the BBVA Group in offshore financial 
centers 

BBVA  Group  has  established  the  same  risk  management  policies  and  criteria  for  all  its  permanent  establishments  in 
offshore financial centers as for the rest of the entities within the Group. 

The  BBVA  Internal  Audit  Area,  in  the  annual  reviews  of  all  offshore  financial  centers  permanent  establishments  of  the 
BBVA  Group  verifies:  i)  the  adequacy  of  its  operations  to  the  definition  of  the  corporate  purpose,  ii)  compliance  with 
corporate policies and procedures regarding customer knowledge and prevention of money laundering, iii) the veracity of 
the information sent to the parent company, and iv) compliance with tax obligations. In addition, it annually carries out a 
specific  review  of  the  Spanish  regulations  applicable  to  transfers  of  funds  between  the  Group's  banks  in  Spain  and  its 
entities established in offshore financial centers. 

In 2019, both the Internal Audit Area and the BBVA Compliance Department monitored the action plans derived from the 
audit reports of each of the establishments 

 
 
 
For  2019,  as  far  as  external  audits  are  concerned,  all  of  the  BBVA  Group’s  permanent  establishments  registered  in 
offshore financial centers have the same external auditor (KPMG), except Continental DPR Finance Company. 

76 

Other tax information by countries 

TAX INFORMATION BY COUNTRIES (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Subsidies 

CIT payment 
cash basis 

CIT expense consol 

2018 

2019 

CIT payment 
cash basis 

CIT expense consol 

(15) 

135 

964 

246 

97 

27 

205 

- 

30 

11 

8 

3 

- 

- 

4 

5 

1 

12 

- 

- 

2 

- 

17 

3 

21 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

6 

9 

226 

123 

993 

289 

128 

37 

172 

1 

19 

8 

3 

3 

- 

- 

7 

10 

3 

1 

- 

- 

3 

5 

11 

9 

(11) 

- 

- 

1 

- 

(1) 

7 

8 

PBT (1) 
consol 

(911) 

751 

3,544 

1,151 

438 

234 

636 

(8) 

69 

53 

34 

11 

- 

6 

43 

46 

10 

6 

(20) 

- 

45 

38 

39 

26 

9 

2 

(2) 

8 

1 

(2) 

31 

111 

1,792 

2,053 

6,398 

Spain (2) 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Colombia 

Argentina 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Chile 

Uruguay 

Paraguay 

Bolivia 

Brazil 

Curaçao 

Romania 

Portugal 

Netherlands 

Switzwerland 

Finland 

Ireland 

United Kingdom 

Hong Kong 

France 

Italy 

Germany 

Belgium 

China 

Singapore 

Japan 

Taiwan 

Chipre 

Malta 

Total 

534 

165 

903 

422 

85 

32 

146 

- 

365 

15 

9 

2 

- 

- 

1 

6 

7 

9 

- 

- 

3 

- 

14 

8 

17 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

3 

6 

307 

188 

902 

269 

117 

116 

163 

20 

43 

6 

3 

2 

- 

- 

4 

27 

5 

1 

- 

2 

2 

1 

12 

8 

1 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

7 

10 

PBT (1) 
consol 

1,295 

977 

3,241 

1,225 

355 

66 

584 

2 

205 

37 

35 

9 

- 

6 

38 

59 

20 

4 

(12) 

10 

21 

14 

36 

29 

16 

2 

(1) 

7 

- 

(2) 

30 

136 

Subsidies 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,753 

2,219 

8,446 

Note: the results of this breakdown of the branches are integrated in the financial statements of the parent companies on which they depend. 

(1) PBT: Profit before tax. 

(2) In 2019, in “CIT payments cash basis”, the methodology for calculating advance payments of the annual tax return provided for in Corporate Income Tax legislation, may lead to 
differences between the advance payments made in the current year and the refund of those advance payments made in previous years resulting once the annual corporate income 
tax return has been submitted. As a result of these differences, there has been a net cash refund.  The amount of “Profit before taxes includes Corporate Center (see "Business Area" 
section within this consolidated Management Report). 

During 2019, BBVA Group has not received public aid for the financial sector which has the aim of promoting the carrying 
out  of  banking  activities  and  which  is  significant,  as  mentioned  in  the  Appendix  XIII  -  Annual  Banking  Report  of  the 
attached Consolidated Financial Statements.  

 
 
 
 
 
77 

Suppliers 

BBVA  understands  that  integrating  ethical,  social  and  environmental  factors  into  its  supply  chain  is  part  of  its 
responsibility.  Thus,  in  2019,  the  Group  consolidated  the  transformation  of  the  purchasing  function,  which  is  based on 
the three basic pillars of the procurement model:  

  Service, maximizing  the quality and experience of the internal customer, who is accompanied throughout  the 

process. 

  Risk, limiting the Group’s operational risk in supplier contracts, thus ensuring compliance with regulations and 

processes. 
Efficiency, contributing to the Group’s efficiency through the proactive management of costs and suppliers. 

 

ESSENTIAL DATA ABOUT SUPPLIERS (BBVA GROUP)  

Number of suppliers (1) 
Volume provided by suppliers (millions of euros) (1) 

Average payment period to suppliers (days) 
Suppliers satisfaction index (2) 

Number of approved suppliers  

n.a. = not applicable. 

(1) Payments to third parties. Suppliers lower than 100.000 euros are not included. 

(2) Bienal survey. 

2019 

4,669 

7,696 

24 

84 

5,463 

2018 

4,620 

7,478 

22 

n.a. 

5,819 

As part of the procurement process, BBVA strives to correctly manage the real and potential impacts that an entity such 
as  BBVA  may  cause,  through  a  series  of  mechanisms  and  rules:  a  responsible  purchasing  policy,  a  standardization 
process  and  the  Corporate  Rules  for  the  Acquisition  of  Goods  and  Contracting  of  Services.  These  impacts  may  be 
environmental, caused by bad labor practices carried out in supplier companies, a result of the absence of freedom of 
association, human rights, and can have either a positive or negative impact on society. 

Through the implementation of the Supplier Code of Ethics in the purchasing units of all countries in which the Group is 
present, minimum standards of behavior in terms of ethical, social and environmental conduct were established which 
suppliers  are  expected  to  follow  when  providing  products  and  services.  In  addition  to  the  ethical  supplier  code,  BBVA 
maintains a responsible procurement policy. 

Responsible procurement policy 

The Responsible Procurement Policy establishes, among other aspects, that it is necessary to ensure compliance with all 
applicable 
legal  requirements  throughout  the  provisioning  process  regarding  human,  labor,  association  and 
environmental  rights  by  all  parties  involved  in  this  process  as  well  becoming  involved  in  the  Group’s  efforts  aimed  at 
preventing corruption. In the same way, it is ensured that the selection of suppliers remains in compliance with existing 
internal regulations at all times and, in particular, with the values of the Group’s Code of Conduct, based on respect for 
legality,  commitment  to  integrity,  competition,  objectivity,  transparency,  creation  of  value  and  confidentiality.  The 
following are included among the clauses contained in the specifications and in the contractual model: 

  Compliance with current legislation in each locality and, in particular, with the obligations imposed on it by its 
personnel,  Social  Security  or  alternative  provision  systems,  hiring  of  foreign  workers,  the  Public  Treasury, 
public records, among others. 

  Compliance with current legislation on the social integration of individuals with disabilities. 
  Clauses  that  ensure  that  non-discrimination  policies  are  established  for  reasons  of  gender,  as  well  as 

measures to reconcile work and family life. 

  Equality clause. 
  Compliance with all labor, occupational health, and safety legislation. 
  Anti-corruption declaration. 
  Adherence to the United Nations Global Compact. 

The Responsible Procurement Policy also establishes, as one of its principles, the “raising awareness, in terms of social 
responsibility, among staff and other interested parties involved in the procurement processes of the Group”. 

Supply chain 

BBVA  operates  a  technological  platform,  the  Global  Procurement  System  (GPS),  which  supports  all  phases  of  the 
Group’s  procurement  process,  from  budgeting  to  invoice  registration,  including  electronic  invoicing.  In  2019,  the 

 
 
 
 
78 

platform  is  operational  in  Spain  and  Mexico  (legally),  Peru,  Colombia,  Argentina,  Venezuela  and  the  South  American 
Hub. 

Additionally, within the GPS, BBVA also has an electronic catalog procurement tool (SRM), which can be accessed via 
the  Intranet  and  is  designed  to  issue  decentralized  procurement  requests,  i.e.,  directly  from  the  user  area.  SRM  is 
available in Spain, Mexico, and Peru. 

BBVA  has  a  supplier  portal  that  facilitates  the  Group’s  online  relationship  with  its  suppliers.  It  is  a  collaborative 
environment targeted at companies and self-employed workers who work or are interested in working with the BBVA 
Group, allowing them to electronically interact with the Bank throughout the supply cycle. The supplier portal consists 
of  two  environments:  a  public  one,  accessible  from  the  web  (https://suppliers.bbva.com),  which  provides  general 
information  on  the  procurement  process  and  on  the  relevant  aspects  of  their  purchasing  model;  and  a  private  one, 
which  allows  suppliers  to  operate  online,  from  tendering  (electronic  auctions)  and  approval  to  payment  (electronic 
invoicing). 

In addition to the portal, there is also a supplier directory, an internal tool that can be accessed via the Intranet, allowing 
users to consult contact data and general information about the Bank’s suppliers. 

Supplier management 

BBVA  carries  out  a  supplier  approval  process  which  consists  of  assessing  the  financial,  legal,  labor  and  reputational 
situation  of  suppliers,  in  order  to  ascertain  their  basic  technical  skills  and  legal  responsibilities  (labor  or  environmental 
regulations, among others). This allows them to promote their civic responsibilities and confirm that they share the same 
values as the Group in terms of social responsibility. In this process, suppliers must comply with the following points: 

  Compliance with the social and environmental principles of the UN. 

  Adoption  of  internal  measures  to  guarantee  diversity  and  equal  opportunities  in  the  management  of  human 

resources. 

  Adoption  of  measures  to  promote  occupational  health  and  safety  and  the  prevention  of  workplace  accidents 

and incidents. 

  Support  for  the  freedom  of  affiliation  and  collective  bargaining  of  its  workers  in  all  the  countries  in  which  it 

operates. 

  Possession of a code of conduct or policy to avoid forced labor, child labor and other violations of human rights, 

both within the company itself as well as in its subcontractors. 

  Possession of a code of conduct or policy designed to avoid corruption and bribery. 

  Participation  or  collaboration  in  activities  related  to  culture,  scientific  knowledge,  sports,  the  environment  or 
disadvantaged  sectors,  either  through  direct  actions  or  by  means  of  donations,  in  collaboration  with  other 
organizations or institutions. 

  Hiring of persons with disabilities. 

  Existence of a corporate responsibility policy within the company. 

Approval  is  reviewed  periodically  and  is  subject  to  continuous  monitoring.  Thus,  in  2019,  as  part  of  this  improvement 
process,  the  alert  system  for  approved  suppliers  was  upgraded  in  order  to  provide  up-to-date  information  on  certain 
events  that  may  affect  their  solvency  or  risk.  At  year  end  of  the  year,  the  percentage  of  approved  suppliers  was  45%, 
accounting for 88% of the total awarded contracts. 

Security companies, especially those critical to these matters, have established compliance with current legislation with 
regard to specifications and contracts, with special attention provided to labor legislation and the specific laws applicable 
to  these  types  of  companies,  as  well  as  compliance  with  human  rights  obligations,  non-discrimination  and  equality 
policies, etc. 

In  terms  of  local  suppliers,  these  represent  97%  of  BBVA’s  total  suppliers  in  2019,  and  95%  of  total  turnover,  which 
facilitates contributions to the economic and social development of the countries in which the Group is present. A local 
supplier,  in  this  context,  is  one  whose  tax  identification  matches  the  country  of  the  company  receiving  the  goods  or 
services. 

On the other hand, the turnover of special employment centers (CEEs, for its acronym in Spanish) in Spain to the Bank 
reached €3.1m for the year. The hiring of CEEs favors inclusion and diversity. 

In  2019,  the  Internal  Audit  Area  conducted  audits  of  suppliers  on  the  processes  of  supply  of  goods  and  services  from 
different areas and on the services provided by certain suppliers, mostly outsourcing. These are risk-based audits, and 
reviews are carried out according to a defined internal methodology. 

 
NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS AND TURNOVER BY COUNTRY 

2019 

2018 

Suppliers (1) and annual turnover (2) 

Number of 
suppliers 

Annual turnover 
(millions of euros) 

Number of 
suppliers 

Annual turnover 
(millions of euros) 

79 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Argentina 

Chile 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Portugal 

Total 

Total suppliers (3) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Argentina 

Chile 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Portugal 

1,429 

854 

1,371 

310 

- 

220 

295 

55 

43 

54 

38 

2,401 

732 

3,564 

369 

- 

231 

270 

66 

16 

29 

17 

1,308 

809 

1,258 

382 

153 

213 

281 

63 

51 

50 

52 

2,667 

683 

3,033 

421 

93 

229 

246 

34 

18 

26 

27 

4,669 

7,696 

4,620 

7,478 

25,776 

18,333 

8,083 

2,031 

17 

2,314 

2,318 

501 

1,078 

586 

635 

2,542 

814 

3,692 

393 

0 

256 

296 

68 

23 

35 

22 

28,065 

12,890 

7,703 

2,294 

980 

2,484 

3,754 

911 

1,069 

552 

732 

2,827 

755 

3,153 

455 

106 

255 

273 

38 

24 

33 

33 

Total 
Excluding Turkey. 
(1) Including suppliers and creditors. 

61,672 

8,142 

61,434 

7,952 

(2) Payments made to third parties (not including suppliers with amounts less than €100,000). Cash flow criterion. 
(3) Including all suppliers, creditors and third parties invoicing to BBVA without a limit to the amount. 

AVERAGE PAYMENT PERIOD TO SUPLLIERS (1) (DAYS) 

2019 

2018 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Argentina 

Chile 

Colombia 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Paraguay 

Uruguay 

Group average (2) 
Excluding Turkey and Portuagl. 

51 

5 

14 

39 

- 

28 

9 

18 

30 

3 

24 

46 

4 

15 

34 

29 

30 

11 

25 

30 

3 

22 

(1) Average payment period calculated as an average resulting from the difference between the payment date and the base date. With no weighing by amount. 
(2) Total average payment period is calculated based on a ponderation between the different geographies as is not possible to be done taking the whole invoice data. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
80 

Other non-financial risks 

Spanish judicial authorities are investigating the activities of Centro Exclusivo de Negocios y Transacciones, S.L. (Cenyt). 
Such investigation includes the provision of services by Cenyt to the Bank. On 29th July, 2019, the Bank was named as an 
official  suspect  (investigado)  in  a  criminal  judicial  investigation  (Preliminary  Proceeding  No.  96/2017  –  Piece  No.  9, 
Central  Investigating  Court  No.  6  of  the  National  High  Court)  for  alleged  facts  which  could  be  constitutive  of  bribery, 
revelation of secrets and corruption. Certain current and former officers and employees of the Group, as well as former 
directors  have  also  been  named  as  official  suspects  in  connection  with  this  investigation.  The  Bank  has  been  and 
continues  to proactively collaborate with the Spanish judicial authorities, including sharing with  the courts the relevant 
information  from  its  on-going  forensic  investigation  regarding  its  relationship  with  Cenyt.  The  Bank  has  also  testified 
before the judge and prosecutors at the request of the Central Investigating Court No. 6 of the National High Court.  

On  February  3,  2020,  the  Bank  was  notified  by  the  Central  Investigating  Court  No.  6  of  the  National  High  Court  of  the 
order lifting the secrecy of the proceedings.  

This criminal judicial proceeding is at a preliminary stage. Therefore, it is not possible at this time to predict the scope or 
duration  of  such  proceeding  or  any  related  proceeding  or  its  or  their  possible  outcomes  or  implications  for  the  Group, 
including any fines, damages or harm to the Group’s reputation caused thereby. 

Contents index of the Law 11/2018 

81 

Brief description of the group’s business model 

Strategy and business model 

Geographical presence 

About BBVA 

(cid:3)

General information 

Business model 

Objectives and strategies of the organization 

Main factors and trends that may affect your future 
evolution 

General 

Reporting framework 

Description of the applicable policies 

Management approach 

The results of these policies 

Environmental questions 

Environmental management 

Contamination  

Circular economy and waste 
prevention and management  

The main risks related to these issues involving the 
activities of the group 

Current and predictable impacts of the company's 
activities on the environment and, if applicable, on 
health and safety. 

Environmental assessment or certification 
procedures 

Resources dedicated to the prevention of 
environmental risks 

Application of the precautionary principle 

Amount of provisions and guarantees for 
environmental risks 
Measures to prevent, reduce or repair  air pollution 
emissions (including noise and light pollution) 
Prevention, recycling, reuse, other forms of 
recovery and types of waste disposal 

Actions to combat food waste 

Water consumption and water supply according to 
local constraints 

Use of raw materials and measures taken to 
improve the efficiency of their utilization 

Sustainable use of resources  

Energy use, direct and indirect 

Measures taken to improve energy efficiency 

Use of renewable energies 

The important elements of greenhouse gas 
emissions generated as a result of the company's 
activities, including the use of the goods and 
services it produces  

Measures taken to adapt to the consequences of 
climate change 

Reduction goals established voluntarily in the 
medium and long term to reduce greenhouse gas 
emissions and measures implemented for that 
purpose 

Climate change 

Page / Section Management 
report BBVA 2019 

GRI reporting 
criteria 

Pages 

GRI 102-2 
GRI 102-7 
GRI 102-3 
GRI 102-4 
GRI 102-6 
GRI 102-14 

GRI 103-2 

GRI 102-14 
GRI 102-15 

Strategy and business model 
Environment 
Evolution in the Strategic 
Priorities 
Non-financial information report   GRI 102-54 
Customer security and 
protection 
Staff information & Professional 
development 
Ethical behavior 
Sustainable finance 
Customer security and 
protection 
Staff information & Professional 
development 
Ethical behavior 
Sustainable finance 
Strategy and business model 
Customer security and 
protection 
Staff information & Professional 
development 
Ethical behavior 
Sustainable finance 

GRI 102-15 

GRI 103-2 

13-16 

2 

15-16 

5-12:15-16 

3 

29-30:31-
34:50-
56:60-64 

29-30:31-
34:50-
56:60-64 

15-16:29-
30:31-
34:50-
56:60-64 

Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Sustainable Finance 
Social and environmental impact 
management 
Social and environmental impact 
management 

GRI 102-15 

65-69 

GRI 103-2 

66-67 

GRI 103-2 

60:65-69 

GRI 102-11 

65-69 

Sustainable Finance 

GRI 103-2 

Social and environmental impact 
management 
Social and environmental impact 
management 
BBVA Group considers this 
indicator not to be material. 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 
Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 

GRI 102-46 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 306-2 
GRI 103-2 
GRI 306-2 
GRI 303-5 
(2018 GRI 
version) 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 302-4 

GRI 302-1 

Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 

GRI 305-1 
GRI 305-2 
GRI 305-3 

GRI 102-46 

66-67 

GRI 302-1 

66-67 

60 

66 

66 

66-67 

66 

66 

66-67 

Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 

GRI 103-2 

65-69 

Social and environmental impact 
management/Environmental 
risks 

GRI 305-4 
GRI 305-5 

65 

 
 
 
 
Protection of biodiversity 

Social and personnel questions 

Employees  

Measures taken to protect or restore biodiversity 

Impacts caused by activities or operations in 
protected areas 

Total number and distribution of employees 
according to country, gender, age, country and 
professional classification 
Total number and distribution of work contract 
modalities 
Annual average of work contract modalities 
(permanent, temporary and part-time) by sex, age, 
and professional classification 
Number of dismissals by sex, age, and professional 
classification 

Salary gap 

The average remunerations and their evolution 
disaggregated by sex, age, and professional 
classification or equal value 
The average remuneration of directors and 
executives, including variable remuneration, 
allowances, compensation, payment to long-term 
forecast savings and any other perception broken 
down by gender 
Implementation of employment termination 
policies 

Employees with disabilities 

Work schedule organization 

Work organization  

Number of hours of absenteeism 

82 

GRI 102-46 

60:67-68 

GRI 102-46 

60:67-68 

Sustainable Finance 
Social and environmental impact 
management / Principles of 
Ecuador 
The BBVA offices are in urban 
settings, which 
therefore have no impact on 
protected natural areas and/or 
biodiversity. 
Sustainable Finance 
Social and environmental impact 
management / Principles of 
Ecuador 
The BBVA offices are in urban 
settings, which 
therefore have no impact on 
protected natural areas and/or 
biodiversity. 

People management 

GRI 102-8 
GRI 405-1 

35-37 

Professional development 

GRI 102-8 

38-39 

Professional development 

GRI 102-9 

38-40 

Work environment 

Remuneration 

Remuneration 

Remuneration 

Work environment / Work 
organization 
Professional development / 
Different capabilities 
Work environment / Work 
organization 

Work environment / Health and 
labor safety 

GRI 103-2 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 405-2 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 405-2 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 405-2 

GRI 103-2 

GRI 405-1 

GRI 103-1 

GRI 403-9 
(2018 GRI 
version) 

45-46 

48-49 

48-49 

48-49 

41 

34 

41 

43 

Measures designed to facilitate access to 
mediation resources and encourage the 
responsible use of these by both parents 

Work environment / Diversity 
and inclusion 

GRI 401-2 

32-46 

Work health and safety conditions 

Work environment / Health and 
labor safety 

Health and safety  

Work accidents, in particular their frequency and 
severity, disaggregated by gender 

Work environment / Health and 
labor safety 

Social relationships 

Training 

Universal accessibility for people 
with disabilities 

Equality 

Occupational diseases, disaggregated by gender 

Organization of social dialog, including procedures 
to inform and consult staff and negotiate with them  
Percentage of employees covered by collective 
agreement by country 
The balance of collective agreements, particularly 
in the field of health and safety at work  

Policies implemented for training activities 

The total amount of training hours by professional 
category 

Universal accessibility for people with disabilities 

Measures taken to promote equal treatment and 
opportunities between women and men  
Equality plans (Section III of Organic Law 3/2007, 
of March 22, for effective equality of women and 
men) 

Work environment / Health and 
labor safety 

Work environment / Freedom of 
association and representation 
Work environment / Freedom of 
association and representation 
Work environment / Health and 
labor safety 
Professional development / 
Training 
Professional development / 
Training 
Professional development / 
Different capabilities 
Professional development / 
Diversity and inclusion 

Professional development / 
Diversity and inclusion 

GRI 403-1 
GRI 403-2 
GRI 403-3 
GRI 403-7 
(2018 GRI 
version) 
GRI 403-9 
GRI 403-10 
(2018 GRI 
version) 
GRI 403-9 
GRI 403-10 
(2018 GRI 
version) 

GRI 103-1 

GRI 102-40 

GRI 403-3 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 404-2 

GRI 404-1 

42-43 

42-43 

43 

41-42 

41-42 

41-42 

32 

32-33 

GRI 103-2 

34 

GRI 103-2 

33-34 

GRI 103-2 

33 

Measures adopted to promote employment, 

Professional development / 

GRI 103-3 

33-34 

protocols against sexual and gender-based 
harassment, integration, and the universal 
accessibility of people with disabilities 
Policy against any type of discrimination and, 
where appropriate, diversity management 

Diversity and inclusion 

Professional development / 
Diversity and inclusion 

GRI 103-4 

33-34 

Information about the Respect for human rights 

83 

Human rights 

Application of due diligence procedures in the field 
of human rights; prevention of the risks of violation 
of human rights and, where appropriate, measures 
to mitigate, manage, and repair possible abuses 
committed  

Claims regarding cases of human rights violations  

Promotion and compliance with the provisions 
contained in the 
related fundamental Conventions of the 
International Labor Organization with respect for 
freedom of association and the right to 
collective bargaining; the elimination of 
discrimination in employment and occupation; the 
elimination of forced or compulsory labor; and the 
effective abolition of child labor 

Commitment to human rights 

BBVA has not identified any 
significant complaints and 
impacts with respect to human 
rights in its workplaces. 

Commitment to human rights 

Information about anti-bribery and anti-corruption measures 

Corruption and bribery 

Information about the society 

Commitment by the company to 
sustainable development 

Subcontractors and suppliers 

Consumers 

Tax information  

Measures adopted to prevent corruption and 
bribery 

Compliance system 
Other non-financial risks 

Measures adopted to fight against anti.money 
laundering 

Anti-money laundering and 
financing of terrorism 

Contributions to fundations and  non-profit-making 
bodies 

Contribution to society / Other 
contributions 

Impact of the company’s activities on employment 
and local development  
The impact of company activity on local 
populations and on the territory  
The relationships maintained with representatives 
of the local communities and the modalities of 
dialog with these 

Contribution to society 

Contribution to society 

Materiality 
Contribution to society 

Actions of association or sponsorship 

Investment in social programs 

The inclusion of social, gender equality and 
environmental issues in the purchasing policy  
Consideration of social and environmental 
responsibility in relations with suppliers and 
subcontractors 

Suppliers

Suppliers 

Supervision systems and audits, and their results  Suppliers 

Customer health and safety measures  

Claims systems, complaints received and their 
resolution  
Benefits obtained by country 
Taxes on paid benefits 
Public subsidies received 

Solutions for customers 
Commitment to human rights / 
Social Housing Policy in Spain 
Customer security and 
protection 
Customer care / Complaints 
and claims 
Fiscal transparency 
Fiscal transparency 
Fiscal transparency 

GRI 102-16 
GRI 102-17 
GRI 412-1 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 406-1 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 406-1 
GRI 407-1 
GRI 408-1 
GRI 409-1 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 102-16 
GRI 102-17 
GRI 205-2 
GRI 103-2 
GRI 102-16 
GRI 102-17 
GRI 205-2 
GRI 102-13 
GRI 201-1 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 203-2 
GRI 413-1 
GRI 413-2 

GRI 102-43 
GRI 413-1 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 201-1 

GRI 103-2 

GRI 102-9 
GRI 308-1 

GRI 102-9 
GRI 308-2 

GRI 103-2 

GRI 103-2 
GRI 418-1 
GRI 201-1 
GRI 201-1 
GRI 201-4 

57-59 

57-59 

50-56:80 

52-53 

73 

71-73 

71-73 

19:71-73 

71-73 

77-78

77-78 

77-78 

22-23:57-
59:29-30 

24-27 

76 
76 
76 

84 

Group financial information 

BBVA Group highlights  

BBVA GROUP HIGHLIGHTS (CONSOLIDATED FIGURES) 

Balance sheet (millions of euros) 

Total assets 
Loans and advances to customers (gross)
Deposits from customers 
Total customer funds 
Total equity 

Income statement (millions of euros) 

Net interest income 
Gross income 
Operating income  
Net attributable profit 

The BBVA share and share performance ratios 

Number of shares (million) 
Share price (euros) 
Earning per share (euros) (1) (2)
Book value per share (euros) 
Tangible book value per share (euros) 
Market capitalization (millions of euros) 
Yield (dividend/price; %) 

Significant ratios (%) 
ROE (Adjusted net attributable profit/average shareholders' funds +/- average 
accumulated other comprehensive income) (2) 
ROTE (Adjusted net attributable profit/average shareholders' funds excluding 
average intangible assets  +/- average accumulated other comprehensive 
income) (2) 
ROA (Adjusted profit or loss for the year/average total assets) (2)
RORWA (Adjusted profit or loss for the year/average risk-weighted assets - 
RWA) (2) 
Efficiency ratio 
Cost of risk 
NPL ratio  
NPL coverage ratio  

Capital adequacy ratios (%) 

CET1 fully-loaded 
CET1 phased-in (3) 
Total ratio phased-in (3)

Other information 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

31-12-18 

31-12-17 

3.3
2.2
2.2 
3.8
3.9

3.5
3.3
4.9
(35.0)

- 
7.5
3.4 
2.8 
7.1 
7.5 

698,690
394,763 
384,219 
492,022
54,925

18,202
24,542
12,639
3,512

6,668 
4.98
0.66 
7.32 
6.27 
33,226 
5.2 

9.9

11.9

0.82

1.57

48.5
1.04
3.8
77

11.74
11.98
15.92 

676,689
386,225 
375,970 
474,120
52,874

17,591
23,747
12,045
5,400

6,668 
4.64
0.64
7.12 
5.86 
30,909 
5.4 

10.2

12.4 

0.81 

1.56 

49.3 
1.01 
3.9 
73 

11.34 
11.58 
15.71

690,059
400,369
376,379 
473,088
53,323

17,758
25,270
12,770
3,514

6,668 
7.11
0.63
6.96 
5.69 
47,422 
4.2 

9.7

12.0

0.84

1.57

49.5
0.89
4.6
65

11.08
11.71
15.51

Number of clients (million)
Number of shareholders 
Number of employees 
Number of branches 
Number of ATMs 
General note: as a result of the amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes", and in order to make the information comparable, the 2018 and 2017 income statements have been restated. 
(1) Adjusted by additional Tier 1 instrument remuneration. 

74.8
902,708
125,627 
7,963
32,502

78.1 
874,148
126,973 
7,744
32,658

4.4 
(3.2)
1.1 
(2.8)
0.5

72.8
891,453
131,856 
8,271
32,327

(2) Excluding the goodwill impairment in the United States in 2019, BBVA Chile in 2018 and Telefónica impairment in 2017. 

(3) Phased-in ratios include the temporary treatment on the impact of IFRS 9, calculated in accordance with Article 473 bis of the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR). 

Significant ratios including the goodwill impairment in the United States in 2019, BBVA Chile in 2018 and the Telefónica 
impairment in 2017 (%) 

Earning per share (euros) (1)
ROE (net attributable profit/average shareholders' funds +/- average 
accumulated other comprehensive income) (2) 
ROTE (net attributable profit/average shareholders' funds excluding average 
intangible assets  +/- average accumulated other comprehensive income) (2) 
ROA (Profit or loss for the year/average total assets) 
RORWA (Profit or loss for the year/average risk-weighted assets - RWA) 

(1) Adjusted by additional Tier 1 instrument remuneration. 

31-12-19 
0.47 

∆ % 
(37.7) 

31-12-18 
0.75

31-12-17 
0.46 

7.2  

8.6  

0.63 
1.20  

11.7  

14.3  

0.92 
1.76 

7.4 

9.1 

0.68 
1.27 

(2) The ROE and ROTE ratios include, in the denominator, the Group’s average shareholders’ funds and take into account  the item called “Accumulated other comprehensive 
income”, which forms part of the equity. Excluding this item, the ROE would stand at 6.3%, in 2019; 10.2%, in 2018; and 6.7%, in 2017; and the ROTE at 7.4%, 12.1% and 8.0%, 
respectively. 

85 

Relevant events 
Results 













Generalized  increase  of  recurring  revenue  items  (net  interest  income  plus  net  fees  and  commissions),
which, in constant terms, grow in all business areas.

Higher  contribution  from  the  NTI,  which  compensates  the  lower  contribution  of  the  other  operating
income and expenses line.

Contained growth in the operating expenses and improvement of the efficiency ratio.

Impairment  on  financial  assets  increased  4.3%  year-on-year,  mainly  as  a  result  of  higher  loan-loss
provisions in the United States.

Following the annual evaluation of its goodwills, BBVA has recorded a goodwill impairment in the United
States  of  €1,318m,  mainly  due  to  the  evolution  of  interest  rates  in  the  country  and  the  slowdown  in  the
economy. This impact does not affect the tangible net equity, the capital, or the liquidity of BBVA Group and
is included in the Corporate Center in the line of other gains (losses) of the income statement.

In  2019,  the  net  attributed  profit  stood  at  €3,512m,  35.0%  less  than  in  2018.  If  BBVA  Chile  (the  results
contributed up to its sale and the capital gains generated by the operation) and the goodwill impairment in
the United States are excluded from the year-on-year comparison, the Group's net attributable profit grew
by 2.7% compared to 2018.

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT (1) 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS)  

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT BREAKDOWN (1) 
(PERCENTAGE. 2019) 

(1)

Excluding BBVA Chile in 2018 and the goodwill impairment in the 
United States in 2019. 

(1) Excludes the Corporate Center. 

Balance sheet and business activity 





The number of loans and advances to customers (gross) registered a growth of 2.2% during 2019, with
increases in the business areas of Mexico, and to a lesser extent, in the United States, South America and
Rest of Eurasia.

Good performance of customer funds (up 3.8% year-on-year) thanks to the evolution of demand deposits,
mutual funds and pension funds.

Solvency 



As  a  result  of  the  supervisory  review  and  evaluation  process  (SREP)  carried  out  by  the  European  Central
Bank  (ECB),  BBVA  received  a  communication  on  December  4,  that  it  is  required  to  maintain,  on  a
consolidated  basis  and  as  of  January  1,  2020,  a  CET1  capital  ratio  of  9.27%  and  a  total  capital  ratio  of
12.77%. On December 31, 2019, the fully-loaded CET1 ratio stood at 11.74%, up 51 basis points in the year
(excluding the impact of IFRS 16 standard’s implementation). Thus, BBVA's capital adequacy ratios at the
end of 2019 remained above the regulatory requirements applicable as of January 1, 2020. 

CAPITAL AND LEVERAGE RATIOS 
(PERCENTAGE AS OF 31-12-19) 

Risk management 



Positive  performance  of  the  risk  metrics.  Non-performing  loans  showed  a  downward  trend  similar  to
previous years. The NPL ratio stood at 3.8%, the NPL coverage ratio at 77% and the cost of risk at 1.04%.

86 

NPL AND NPL COVERAGE RATIOS 
(PERCENTAGE) 

Transformation 



The  Group's  digital  and  mobile  customer  base  continues  to  grow,  with  more  than  50%  of  customers
operating through mobile channels. Digital sales also evolved positively in 2019.

DIGITAL AND MOBILE CUSTOMERS (MILLIONS) 

Other matters of interest 



During the 2019 financial year, two restatements of consolidated information were made: 

o

o

As a result of the implementation of IAS 29 "Financial information in hyperinflationary economies,"
and  in  order  to  make  the  2019  information  comparable  to  that  of  2018,  the  balance  sheets,  the
income statements and ratios for the Group's first three quarters of the 2018 financial year and the
South American business area, were restated to reflect the impacts of hyperinflation in Argentina in
the quarter in which they were generated. This impact was recorded for the first time in the third
quarter of 2018, but with accounting effects as of January 1, 2018. 

The  amendment  to  IAS  12  "Income  Tax"  has  meant  that  the  tax  impact  of  the  distribution  of
generated  benefits  must  be  recorded  in  the  "Expense  or  income  for  taxes  on  the  profits  of  the
continuing activities" of the consolidated income statement for the year, when previously recorded
as  "Net  equity".  So,  in  order  for  the  information  to  be  comparable,  the  information  for  the  years
shown above has been restated in such a way that a payment of €76m and a charge of €5m have
been  recorded  in  the  consolidated  profit  and  loss  accounts  for  the  years  2018  and  2017,
respectively,  against  "Less:  Interim  dividends."  This  reclassification  has  no  impact  on  the
consolidated net assets. 





On August 7, 2019, BBVA reached an agreement with Banco GNB Paraguay S.A., for the sale of its stake in
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Paraguay, S.A. (hereinafter BBVA Paraguay), which amounts to 100% of
its share capital. As a result of the above, all items in BBVA Paraguay's balance sheet have been reclassified
into the category of “Non-current assets (liabilities) and disposal groups held for sale”(hereinafter NCA&L). 

On January 1, 2019, IFRS 16 “Leases” entered into force, which requires the lessee to recognize the assets
and  liabilities  arising  from  the  rights  and  obligations  of  lease  agreements.  The  main  impacts  are  the
recognition  of  an  asset  through  the  right  of  use  and  a  liability  based  on  future  payment  obligations.  The
impact  of  the  first  implementation  was  €3,419m  and  €3,472m,  respectively,  resulting  in  a  decrease  of  11
basis points of the CET1 capital ratio. 

87 

Results 

The BBVA Group generated a net attributable profit of €3,512m in 2019. The good performance of the most recurrent 
revenue (net interest income plus net commissions and fees) and the net trading income (NTI), were offset by a greater 
adjustment  for  hyperinflation  in  Argentina,  reflected  in  the  line  of  other  operating  income  and  expenses,  a  greater 
amount  of  impairment  on  financial  assets,  greater  provisions  and,  in  particular,  the  goodwill  impairment  in  the  United 
States in December 2019 for an amount of €1,318m, reflected in the line of other gains (losses). The comparison with the 
previous year (down 35.0%) is influenced, on the one hand, by the above-mentioned goodwill impairment in the United 
States and on the other, by the positive impact generated by the capital gains (net of taxes) from the sale of BBVA Chile 
in  2018.  In  a  more  homogeneous  comparison,  without  taking  into  account  these  two  impacts  and  excluding  the  profit 
generated by BBVA Chile until its sale, the net attributable profit from 2019 was 2.7% higher than the previous year (up 
2.0% at constant exchange rates). 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT: QUARTERLY EVOLUTION (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 

Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income 
Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions 

Other gains (losses) 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 
Earning per share (euros) (1) 
Of which: 

2019
3Q 

4Q 

1Q 
4,727  4,488  4,566  4,420 

2Q 

2018
3Q 

4Q 

2Q 
4,692  4,309  4,302 

1Q 
4,287 

1,290 

1,273 

1,256 

1,214 

1,226 

1,173 

1,244 

1,236 

490 

(89)

351 

22

116 

(18)

426  

8

316 

(83)

212 

38

285 

6 

410 

92 

6,418 

6,135 

5,920  6,069 

6,151 

5,733 

5,838  6,026 

(3,082)  (2,946)  (2,952)  (2,922) 

(2,981)  (2,825) 

(2,921)  (2,975) 

(1,637) 

(1,572) 

(1,578) 

(1,553) 

(1,557) 

(1,459) 

(1,539) 

(1,565) 

(1,039) 

(406)

(971)

(403)

(976)

(398)

3,335 

3,189 

2,968 

(977)

(392)

3,147

(1,119)  (1,062) 

(1,087) 

(1,106)

(305)

(304)

(295)

(304)

3,170 

2,908 

2,917  3,050 

(1,187) 

(1,187) 

(753)

(1,023)

(1,353)  (1,023) 

(783)

(823)

(243)

(1,444) 

(113)

(4)

(117)

(3)

(144)

(22)

(66)

(183)

(123)

831

(85)

67 

(99)

41 

460 

1,886 

2,095 

1,957 

1,568 

2,593 

2,116 

2,170 

(430)

(488)

(595)

31 

1,398 

1,500 

(186)

(155)

(173)

(241)

1,225 

1,260

(541)

1,416

(234)

1,182

(411)

(624)

(585)

1,157 

1,969 

1,531 

(145)

(154)

(265)

(599)

1,570

(262)

1,012 

1,815 

1,266 

1,308 

(0.04) 

0.17 

0.17

0.16  

0.14 

0.26 

0.17 

0.18 

Goodwill impairment in the United States 
BBVA Chile (2)

(1,318) 

633

35

29

Net attributable profit excluding the goodwill 
impairment in the United States and BBVA Chile 

1,163 

1,225 

1,260 

1,182 

1,012 

1,182 

1,231 

1,279 

Earning per share excluding the goodwil impairment 
in the United States and BBVA Chile (euros) (1) 
General note: the application of accounting for hyperinflation in Argentina was done for the first time in September 2018 with accounting effects from January 1, 2018, recording the 
impact of the 9 months in the third quarter. In addition, during 2019 an amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes" was introduced with accounting effects from January 1, 2019. Therefore, 
in order to make the information comparable, the quarterly income statements for 2019 and 2018 have been restated. 
(1) Adjusted by additional Tier 1 instrument remuneration. 
(2) Earnings generated by BBVA Chile until its sale on July 6, 2018 and the capital gains from the operation. 

0.14 

0.16 

0.16 

0.16 

0.17 

0.17 

0.17 

0.17 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 

Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income 
Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions 

Other gains (losses) 

Profit/(loss) before tax 
Income tax (1) 
Profit/(loss) for the year (1) 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit (1) 
Earning per share (euros) (2)

Of which: 

Goodwill impairment in the United States 
BBVA Chile (3) 

  ∆ % at constant 
∆ %  exchange rates 
4.3

3.5

3.2

13.1

n.s.

3.3

1.7

3.6

(9.4)

32.4

4.9

4.3

65.3

n.s.

(24.2)

(7.5)

(30.2)

0.8

(35.0)

3.6

15.4

n.s.

4.2

2.2 

4.2

(8.9)

32.1

6.1

6.0

66.7

n.s.

(23.8)

(7.4)

(29.7)

11.6

(35.3) 

2019 
18,202

5,033

1,383

(77)

24,542

(11,902)

(6,340)

(3,963)

(1,599)

12,639

(4,151)

(617)

(1,473)

6,398

(2,053)

4,345

(833)

3,512 

0.47

(1,318) 

Net attributable profit excluding the goodwill impairment in 
the United States and BBVA Chile 

4,830 

2.7 

2.0 

Earning per share excluding the goodwill impairment in the 
United States and BBVA Chile (euros) (2) 
(1) As a result of the amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes", and in order to make the information comparable, the 2018 income statement has been restated. 

0.66 

(2) Adjusted by additional Tier 1 instrument remuneration. 

(3) Earnings generated by BBVA Chile until its sale on July 6, 2018 and the capital gains from the operation. 

88 

2018 
17,591

4,879

1,223

54

23,747

(11,702)

(6,120)

(4,374)

(1,208)

12,045

(3,981)

(373)

755

8,446

(2,219)

6,227

(827)

5,400 

0.75

697 

4,703 

0.64

Unless expressly stated otherwise, for a better understanding of the evolution of the main items in the Group's income 
statement,  the  variation  rates  shown  below  are  reported  at  constant  exchange  rates  and  the  quarterly  changes  are 
from the last quarter of the year with respect to the previous quarter. 

Gross income 

Gross  income  showed  a  year-on-year  growth  of  4.2%,  supported  by  the  favorable  performance  of  the  net  interest 
income and the NTI and, to a lesser extent, the growth in net fees and commissions. 

GROSS INCOME (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Net interest income grew by 4.3% year-on-year and 4.4% compared to the previous quarter. By business areas, Mexico 
and South America had notable year-on-year performance. 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +4.2%.

 
Net fees and commissions also recorded a positive performance showing a year-on-year growth of 3.6%, thanks to the 
favorable  contribution  from  all  the  business  areas,  in  particular  Turkey  and  Spain.  In  the  fourth  quarter,  they  grew  by 
0.7%. 

As a result, the most recurrent revenue items increased by a 4.1% year-on-year (up 3.6% in the quarter). 

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS (PERCENTAGE) 

NET INTEREST INCOME PLUS NET FEES AND 
COMMISSIONS (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

89 

NTI closed with an increase of 15.4% year-on-year and registered an excellent evolution in the last quarter of the year (up 
31.8%) mainly explained by the results generated by Spain and Turkey. 

The  line  of  other  operating  income  and  expenses  closed  the  year  with  a  negative  balance  of  €77m  compared  to  the 
positive balance of €54m recorded in 2018, mainly due to the higher adjustment for hyperinflation in Argentina, as well as 
a greater contribution to the SRF (Single Resolution Fund) and the FGD (Deposit Guarantee Fund). 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +4.1%.

Operating income 

Operating expenses increased 2.2% in 2019 (up 1.7% at current exchange rates) showing a lower growth compared to 
inflation in most of the countries where BBVA is present. Spain continued to show notable reduction in costs, resulting 
from the cost control plans. 

OPERATING EXPENSES (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +2.2%. 

The efficiency ratio continued to improve as a result of operating expenses growing below gross income, which stood at 
48.5% at the end of the year, significantly below the level reached in 2018 (down 92 basis points at constant exchange 
rates). As a result of the aforementioned, the operating income registered a year-on-year growth of 6.1%. 

EFFICIENCY RATIO (PERCENTAGE) 

OPERATING INCOME (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

90 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +6.1%.

Provisions and other 

The impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss (impairment on financial assets) 
showed  an  increase  of  6.0%  in  2019.  By  business  areas,  it  was  notable  the  higher  loan-loss  provisions  in  the  United 
States  for  specific  clients  of  the  commercial  portfolio  and  the  larger  write-offs  in  the  consumer  portfolio  in  South 
America,  (for  Argentina  and  Peru),  and  to  a  lesser  extent  in  Mexico,  explained  by  the  growth  on  this  portfolio  and  the 
impact of the macro scenario deterioration. On the contrary, Spain recorded a 43.6% year-on-year reduction for lower 
provision requirements mainly due to the positive effect of non-performing and write-off portfolios sales in 2019. 

IMPAIRMENT ON FINANCIAL ASSETS (MILLIONS 
OF EUROS) 

(1) 

At constant exchange rates: +6.0%. 

Provisions or reversal of provisions (hereinafter, provisions) was 66.7% above the 2018 figure, mainly due to greater 
endowments in Turkey and Argentina. Other gains (losses) mainly reflects the already mentioned goodwill impairment in 
the United States closing with a loss of €1,473m, compared with the profit of €755m in 2018, which mainly includes the 
capital gains from the sale of BBVA Chile. 

Results 

As a result of the above, the Group's net attributable profit in 2019 was €3,512m, 35.3% lower than the profit obtained 
the  previous  year  (down  35.0%  at  current  exchange  rates).  The  comparison  with  respect  to  2018  is  influenced  by  the 
goodwill impairment in the United States and by the positive impact generated by the capital gains from the sale of BBVA 
Chile.  In  a  more  homogeneous  comparison,  without  taking  into  account  these  two  impacts  and  excluding  the  profit 
generated  by  the  sale  of  BBVA  Chile  the  net  attributable  profit  from  2019  was  2.7%  higher  than  the  previous  year  (up 
2.0% at constant exchange rates). 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT EXCLUDING BBVA CHILE 
AND THE UNITED STATES GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

91 

(1) At constant exchange rates: -35.3%. 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +2.0%. 

By  business  areas,  and  in  millions  of  euros,  Spain  generated  1,386,  the  United  States  590,  Mexico  recorded  2,699  in 
profit, Turkey 506, South America 721 and the Rest of Eurasia 127. 

TANGIBLE BOOK VALUE PER SHARE AND 
DIVIDENDS (1) (EUROS) 

EARNING PER SHARE (1) (EUROS) 

(1)      Replenishing dividends paid in the period. 

                                                                          (1)      Adjusted by additional Tier 1 instrument remuneration. 

               (2)      Excluding the goodwill impairment in the United States in 2019. 

ROE AND ROTE (1) (PERCENTAGE) 

ROA AND RORWA (1) (PERCENTAGE) 

(1) 

Ratios  excluding  the  impairment  of  Telefónica  in  2017,  BBVA  Chile  in  2018  and 
the goodwill impairment in the United States in 2019. 

(1) 

Ratios excluding the impairment of Telefónica in 2017, BBVA Chile in 2018 and 
the goodwill impairment in the United States in 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
92 

Balance sheet and business activity 

The most relevant aspects of the Group's balance sheet and business activity as of December 31, 2019 are summarized 
below: 

 

Loans  and  advances  to  customers  (gross)  increased  by  2.2%  during  2019,  with  increases  in  the  business 
areas of Mexico, and, to a lesser extent, the United States, South America and Rest of Eurasia. 

  Non-performing loans continued in a downward trend falling by 2.1% during the year, mainly due to the sales of 

the non-performing-loan portfolios in Spain. 

  Customer deposits had a good performance along the year, with an increase of 2.2% compared to December 
2018 (up 1.3% in the last quarter), mainly explained by the good evolution of demand deposits (up 7.6% year-
on-year, up 2.8% in the last quarter). 

  Off-balance  sheet  funds  had  an  increase  of  9.8%  compared  to  December  31,  2018,  thanks  to  the  good 

performance of both mutual funds and pension funds. 

  Regarding to tangible assets, the balance as of December 31, 2019 was affected by the implementation of IFRS 

16 "Leases," which led to a growth resulting from its first implementation of €3,419m. 

  Regarding  the  intangible  assets,  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019,  the  United  States  goodwill  has  been 

impaired by €1,318m, which does not affect the tangible net equity nor liquidity of BBVA Group. 

  The figure for other assets/other liabilities at the end of December 2019 includes the assets and liabilities of 
BBVA  Paraguay,  which  have  been  classified  as  non-current  assets  and  liabilities  held  for  sale  (hereinafter 
NCA&L) in the consolidated public balance sheet, once the BBVA Group made public through a relevant event 
to  the  Spanish  Securities  Market  Commission  (hereinafter  CNMV  for  its  acronym  in  Spanish)  the  sales 
agreement, aforementioned in the relevant events section. 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at fair value through accumulated other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

  Loans and advances to central banks and credit institutions 

  Loans and advances to customers 

  Debt securities 

Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates 

Tangible assets 

Intangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets 

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Other financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

  Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

  Deposits from customers 

 Debt certificates 

  Other financial liabilities 

Liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts 

Other liabilities 

Total liabilities  

Non-controlling interests 

Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Shareholders’ funds 

Total equity 
Total liabilities and equity  
Memorandum item: 
Guarantees given 

31-12-19 
44,303 

102,688 

5,557 

1,214 

61,183 

439,162 

17,924 

382,360 

38,877 

1,488 

10,068 

6,966 

26,060 

698,690 

89,633 

10,010 

516,641 

54,700 

384,219 

63,963 

13,758 

10,606 

16,875 

643,765 

6,201 

(7,235) 

55,958 

54,925 

698,690 

∆ % 
(23.9) 

31-12-18 
58,196 

14.0 

8.2 

(7.6) 

8.6 

4.6 

36.8 

2.2 

19.5 

(5.7) 

39.3 

(16.2) 

(9.5) 

3.3 

11.0 

43.1 

1.5 

(7.7) 

2.2 

4.7 

7.1 

7.9 

(0.9) 

3.2 

7.6 

0.3 

3.0 

3.9 

3.3 

90,117 

5,135 

1,313 

56,337 

419,660 

13,103 

374,027 

32,530 

1,578 

7,229 

8,314 

28,809 

676,689 

80,774 

6,993 

509,185 

59,259 

375,970 

61,112 

12,844 

9,834 

17,029 

623,814 

5,764 

(7,215) 

54,326 

52,874 

676,689 

45,952 

(3.6) 

47,574 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Public sector 

Individuals 

   Mortgages 

   Consumer 

   Credit cards 

   Other loans 

Business 

Non-performing loans 
Loans and advances to customers (gross) 

93 

31-12-18 
28,504 

170,501 

111,528 

34,939 

13,507 

10,527 

170,872 

16,348 

386,225 

∆ % 
(1.1) 

2.4 

(0.9) 

4.3 

10.3 

21.4 

3.0 

(2.4) 

2.2 

31-12-19 
28,193 

174,608 

110,500 

36,438 

14,892 

12,778 

176,008 

15,954 

394,763 

Allowances (1) 
Loans and advances to customers 
(1) Allowances include the valuation adjustments for credit risk during the expected residual life of those financial instruments which have been acquired (mainly originated from the 
acquisition of Catalunya Banc, S.A., see Note 7 of the consolidated Financial Statements). As of December 31, 2019 and 2018 the remaining amount was €433m and €540m, 
respectively. 

382,360 

2.2 

(12,402) 

1.7 

374,027 

(12,199) 

LOANS AND ADVANCES TO CUSTOMERS (GROSS. 
BILLIONS OF EUROS) 

CUSTOMER FUNDS (BILLIONS OF EUROS) 

(1) At constant exchange rates: +2.5%. 

(1) 

At constant exchange rates: +3.8%. 

CUSTOMER FUNDS (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Deposits from customers 

Current accounts 

Time deposits 

Other deposits 

Other customer funds 

Mutual funds and investment companies 

Pension funds 

Other off-balance sheet funds 
Total customer funds 

31-12-19 

384,219 

280,391 

96,583 

7,246 

107,803 

68,639 

36,630 

2,534 

∆ % 

31-12-18 

2.2 

7.6 

375,970 

260,573 

(10.8) 

108,313 

2.3 

9.8 

11.8 

8.3 

7,084 

98,150 

61,393 

33,807 

(14.1) 

2,949 

492,022 

3.8 

474,120 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
94 

Solvency 

Capital base 

BBVA's  fully  loaded  CET1  ratio  stood  at  11.74%  at  the  end  of  2019  which,  excluding  the  impact  of  IFRS  16  standard’s 
implementation that entered into force on January 1, 2019 (down 11 basis points), the ratio increased by 51 basis points 
during  the  year.  This  increase  is  supported  by  the  profit  generation,  net  of  dividend  payments  and  remuneration  of 
contingent  convertible  capital  instruments  (CoCos),  notwithstanding  the  moderate  growth  of  risk-weighted  assets.  In 
addition, the goodwill impairment in the United States recognized by the Group amounting to €1,318m has no impact on 
the regulatory capital. 

Risk-weighted  assets  (RWA)  increased  by  approximately  €16,100m  in  2019  as  a  result  of  activity  growth,  mainly  in 
emerging markets and the incorporation of regulatory impacts (the application of IFRS 16 standard and TRIM - Targeted 
Review of Internal Models) for approximately €7,600m (impact on the CET1 ratio of -25 basis points). It should be noted 
that during the second quarter of the year the recognition by the European Commission2 of Argentina as a country whose 
supervisory and regulatory requirements are considered equivalent had a positive effect on the evolution of the RWAs. 

The fully loaded additional tier 1 ratio (AT1) stood at 1.62% as of December 31, 2019. In this regard, BBVA S.A. carried 
out  an  issue  of  €1,000m  CoCos,  registered  at  the  Spanish  Securities  Market  Commission  (CNMV)  with  an  annual 
coupon  of  6.0%  and  a  redemption  option  from  the  fifth  year,  and  another  issue  of  the  same  type  of  instruments, 
registered  in  the  Securities  Exchange  Commission  (hereinafter,  SEC)  for  USD  1,000m  and  a  coupon  of  6.5%  with  a 
redemption option after five and a half years. 

On the other hand, in February 2020 the CoCos issuance of €1,500m with 6.75% coupon issued in February 2015 will be 
amortised. As of December 31, 2019, it is no longer included in the capital ratios. 

Finally, in terms of issues eligible as Tier 2 capital, BBVA S.A. issued a € 750m subordinated debt over 10-year period 
and a redemption option in the fifth year, coupon of 2.575%; and carried out the early redemption of two subordinated-
debt issues: one for €1,500m with a 3.5% coupon issued in April 2014 and redeemed in April 2019, and another issued in 
June 2009 by Caixa d'Estalvis de Sabadell with an outstanding nominal amount of €4.9m and redeemed in June 2019. 

With  regard  to  the  subsidiaries  of  the  Group,  BBVA  Mexico  carried  out  a  Tier  2  issuance  of  USD  750m  over  a  15-year 
period  with  an  early  redemption  option  from  the  tenth  year  and  a  5.875%  coupon;  and  partially  repurchased  two 
subordinated  debt  issuances  (USD  250m  due  in  2020  and  USD  500m  due  in  2021).  Meanwhile,  Garanti  Bank  issued 
another Tier 2 issuance of TRY 253m. 

All of this, together with the evolution of the remaining elements eligible as Tier 2 capital, set the Tier 2 fully loaded ratio 
at 2.06% as of December 31, 2019. 

In addition, in January 2020, BBVA, S.A. issued €1,000m of Tier 2 eligible subordinated debt over a ten-year period, with 
an early redemption option in the fifth year, with a coupon of 1%. This issue will be included in the capital ratios for the 
first quarter of 2020 with an estimated impact of approximately +27 basis points on the T2 capital ratio. 

The phased-in CET1 ratio stood at 11.98% at the end of 2019, taking into account the transitional implementation of IFRS 
9. The AT1 stood at 1.66% and the Tier 2 at 2.28%, resulting in a total capital ratio of 15.92%. These levels are above 
the  requirements  established  by  the  supervisor  in  its  SREP  (Supervisory  Review  and  Evaluation  Process)  letter, 
applicable  in  2019.  Starting  on  January  1st,  2020,  at  the  consolidated  level,  this  requirement  has  been  established  at 
9.27% for the CET1 ratio and 12.77% for the total capital ratio. It should be noted that the Pillar 2 requirement of CET1 
remains  unchanged  from  the  one  included  in  the  previous  SREP  decision,  being  the  sole  difference  of  the  capital 
requirement, the evolution of the Countercyclical Capital buffer of approximately 0.01%. Furthermore, as of December 
31, 2019, the Group’s capital ratios remain above the regulatory requirements applicable as of January 1, 2020. 

2 On April 1, 2019, the Official Journal of the European Union published Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/536, which includes Argentina within the list of third countries 
and  territories  whose  supervisory  and  regulatory  requirements  are  considered  equivalent  for  the  purposes  of  the  treatment  of  exposures  in  accordance with  Regulation  (EU) No. 
575/2013. 

 
                                                                    
FULLY-LOADED CAPITAL RATIOS (PERCENTAGE) 

95 

CAPITAL BASE  (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

CRD IV phased-in 

Common Equity Tier 1 (CET 1) 

Tier 1 

Tier 2 

Total Capital (Tier 1 + Tier 2)  

Risk-weighted assets  

CET1 (%) 

Tier 1 (%) 

Tier 2 (%)  

31-12-19 (1) (2)  30-09-19  31-12-18 
40,313  

43,432 

43,653 

CRD IV fully-loaded 
  31-12-19 (1) (2)  30-09-19  31-12-18 
39,571 

42,856 

42,635 

49,701 

51,035 

45,947  

8,324 

8,696 

8,756  

48,775 

7,505 

50,112 

45,047 

7,798 

8,861 

58,025 

59,731 

54,703 

56,281 

57,910  53,907 

364,448  368,196  348,264 

364,943  368,690  348,804 

11.98 

13.64 

2.28 

11.80 

13.86 

2.36 

11.58  

13.19  

2.51  

11.74 

13.37 

2.06 

11.56 

13.59 

2.12 

11.34 

12.91 

2.54 

15.45 
Total capital ratio (%)  
(1) As of December 31, 2019, the difference between the phased-in and fully-loaded ratios arises from the temporary traetment of certain capital items, mainly of the impact of IFRS9, 
to which the BBVA Group has adhered voluntarily (in accordance with article 473bis of the CRR). 
(2) Provisional data. 

15.71  

15.42 

16.22 

15.92 

15.71 

In November 2019, BBVA received a new communication from the Bank of Spain regarding its minimum requirement for 
own funds and eligible liabilities (MREL), as determined by the Single Resolution Board, that was calculated taking into 
account the financial and supervisory information as of December 31, 2017. 

In accordance with such communication, BBVA has to reach, by January 1, 2021, an amount of own  funds and eligible 
liabilities  equal  to  15.16%  of  the  total  liabilities  and  own  funds  of  its  resolution  group,  on  sub-consolidated  basis  (the 
MREL requirement). Within this MREL, an amount equal to 8.01% of the total liabilities and own funds shall be met with 
subordinated instruments (the subordination requirement), once the relevant allowance is applied.  

This MREL requirement is equal to 28.50% in terms of risk-weighted assets (RWA), while the subordination requirement 
included in the MREL requirement is equal to 15.05% in terms of RWA, once the relevant allowance has been applied. 

In order to comply with this requirement, BBVA has continued its issuance program during 2019 by closing three public 
senior non-preferred debt, for a total of €3,000m, of which one in green bonds by €1,000m. In addition, BBVA issued a 
senior preferred debt of €1,000m. 

The Group estimates that the current own funds and eligible liabilities structure of the resolution group meets the MREL 
requirement, as well as with the new subordination requirement. 

Finally, the Group's leverage ratio maintained a solid position, at 6.7% fully loaded (6.9% phased-in), which remains the 
highest among its peer group. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
96 

Ratings 

In 2019, Moody's, S&P, DBRS and Scope confirmed the rating they assigned to BBVA's senior preferred debt (A3, A-, A 
(high) and A+, respectively). Fitch increased this rating by a notch in July 2019, considering that BBVA's loss-absorbing 
debt buffers (such as senior non-preferred debt) are sufficient to materially reduce the risk of default. In these actions, 
the agencies highlighted the Group's diversification and self-sufficient franchise model, with subsidiaries responsible for 
managing their own liquidity. These ratings, together with their outlooks, are shown in the following table: 

RATINGS 
Rating agency 

DBRS 

Fitch 

Moody's  

Scope Ratings 

Long term (1) 

A (high) 

A 

A3 

A+ 

Short term 

R-1 (middle) 

F-1 

P-2 

S-1+ 

Outlook 

Stable 

Negative 

Stable 

Stable 

Standard & Poor's 
(1) Ratings assigned to long term senior preferred debt. Additionally, Moody’s and Fitch assign A2 and A rating respectively, to BBVA’s long term deposits. 

Negative 

A-2 

A- 

 
 
 
 
 
97 

The BBVA share 

The main stock market indexes performed positively during 2019. In Europe, the Stoxx Europe 600 index increased by 
23.2% in year-on-year terms, with a 5.8% increase in the fourth quarter. In Spain, the rise of the Ibex 35 during 2019 was 
more moderate (up 11.8% in 2019 and up 3.3% in the fourth quarter). In the United States, the growth rates remain as 
observed throughout the year and the S&P 500 rose 28.9% in 2019. 

With regard to the banking sector indexes, particularly in Europe, its performance was worse than the general market 
indexes despite the good performance in the fourth quarter. The Stoxx Europe 600 Banks index, which includes banks in 
the  United  Kingdom,  and  thebanks  index  for  the  Eurozone,  the  Euro  Stoxx  Banks,  revalued  by  8.6%  and  11.1%, 
respectively in 2019. In the United States, the S&P Regional Banks Select Industry Index, on the other hand, increased  
24.2% compared to the close of the 2018 financial year. 

For  its  part,  the  BBVA  share  price  increased  by  7.5%  during  the  year,  up  4.2%  in  the  fourth  quarter,  and  closing 
December 2019 at €4.98. 

BBVA SHARE EVOLUTION COMPARED WITH EUROPEAN INDICES (BASE INDICE 100=31-12-18) 

THE BBVA SHARE AND SHARE PERFORMANCE RATIOS 

Number of shareholders 

Number of shares issued 

Daily average number of shares traded 

Daily average trading (millions of euros) 

Maximum price (euros) 

Minimum price (euros) 

Closing price (euros) 

Book value per share (euros) 

Tangible book value per share (euros) 

Market capitalization (millions of euros) 
Yield (dividend/price; %) (1) 
(1) Calculated by dividing shareholder remuneration over the last twelve months by the closing price of the period. 

31-12-19 
874,148 

6,667,886,580 

30,705,133 

31-12-18 
902,708 

6,667,886,580 

35,909,997 

153 

5.68 

4.19 

4.98 

7.32 

6.27 

33,226 

5.2 

213 

7.73 

4.48 

4.64 

7.12 

5.86 

30,909 

5.4 

Information  about  common  stock  and  transactions  with  treasury  stock  is  detailed  in  Notes  26  and  29  of  the 
accompanying consolidated Financial Statements. 

Regarding shareholder remuneration, on October 15 BBVA paid a cash interim dividend of €0.10 (gross) per share on 
account  of  the  2019  dividend.  A  cash  payment  in  a  gross  amount  of  €0.16  per  share,  to  be  paid  in  April  2020  as  final 
dividend for 2019, is expected to be proposed for the consideration of the competent governing bodies. Therefore, total 
shareholder remuneration in  2019 stands at €0.26 (gross) per share. This payment is consistent with  the shareholder 
remuneration policy announced by Relevant Event of February 1, 2017. 

 
 
SHAREHOLDER REMUNERATION  
(EUROS PER SHARE) 

98 

As of December 31, 2019, the number of BBVA shares remained at 6.668 billion, held by 874,148 shareholders, of which 
43.40% are Spanish residents and the remaining 56.60% are non-residents. 

SHAREHOLDER STRUCTURE (31-12-2019) 

Number of shares 

Up to 150 

151 to 450  

451 to 1800 

1,801 to 4,500  

4,501 to 9,000 

9,001 to 45,000 

More than 45,001 
Total 

Shareholders 

Number 
172,992 

174,299 

274,137 

133,283 

61,967 

51,300 

6,170 

% 
19.8 

19.9 

31.4 

15.2 

7.1 

5.9 

0.7 

Shares 

Number 
12,164,060 

47,783,471 

268,797,845 

379,651,861 

390,206,201 

888,557,789 

4,680,725,353 

% 
0.2 

0.7 

4.0 

5.7 

5.9 

13.3 

70.2 

874,148 

100.0 

6,667,886,580 

100.0 

BBVA shares are included on the main stock market indexes, including the Ibex 35, and the Stoxx Europe 600 index, with 
a weighting of 6.7% and 0.4%, respectively at the closing of December of 2019. They are also included on several sector 
indexes, including Stoxx Europe 600 Banks, which includes the United Kingdom, with a weighting of 3.8% and the Euro 
Stoxx Banks index for the eurozone with a weighting of 7.9%. 

Finally,  BBVA  maintains  a  significant  presence  on  a  number  of  international  sustainability  indexes  or  Environmental, 
Social  and  Governance  (ESG)  indexes,  which  evaluates  companies'  performance  in  these  areas.  In  September,  BBVA 
continued  to  be  included  in  the  Dow  Jones  Sustainability  Index  (DJSI),  the  markets  leading  benchmark  index,  which 
measures  the  economic,  environmental  and  social  performance  of  the  most  valuables  companies  by  market 
capitalization  of  the  world  (in  the  DJSI  World  and  DJSI  Europe),  achieving  the  highest  score  in  financial  inclusion  and 
occupational  health  and  safety  and  the  highest  score  in  climate  strategy,  environmental  reporting  and  corporate 
citizenship and philanthropy.   

 
 
 
 
 
MAIN SUSTAINABILITY INDICES ON WHICH BBVA IS LISTED AS OF 31-12-19 

99 

Listed on the DJSI World and DJSI Europe indices 

(1) 

Listed on the MSCI(1) ESG Leaders Indexes 
AAA Rating  

Listed on the FTSE4Good Global Index Series 

Listed  on  the  Euronext  Vigeo  Eurozone  120  and  Europe  120 
indices 

Listed  on  the  Ethibel  Sustainability  Excellence  Europe  and 
Eithebel Sustainability Excellence Global indices 

Listed on the Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index 

In 2019, BBVA obtained a “A-” rating 

(1) The inclusion of BBVA in any MSCI index, and the use of MSCI logos, trademarks, service marks or index names herein, do not constitute a 
sponsorship, endorsement or promotion of BBVA by MSCI or any of its affiliates. The MSCI indices are the exclusive property of MSCI. MSCI and 
the MSCI index names and logos are trademarks or service marks of MSCI or its affiliates. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100 

Business areas 

This  section  presents  and  analyzes  the  most  relevant  aspects  of  the  Group's  different  business  areas.  Specifically,  for 
each one of them, it shows a summary of the income statement and balance sheet, the business activity figures and the 
most significant ratios. 

In  2019,  BBVA  Group’s  business  areas  reporting  structure  of  the  BBVA  Group's  business  areas  differs  from  the  one 
presented  at  the  end  of  2018,  as  a  result  of  the  integration  of  the  Non-Core  Real  Estate  business  area  into  Banking 
Activity in Spain, now reported as “Spain”. In order to make the 2019 information comparable to 2018, the figures for this 
area have been re-expressed. 

BBVA Group's business areas are summarized below: 

  Spain mainly includes the banking and insurance businesses that the Group carries out in this country.  

  The United States includes the financial business activity that BBVA carries out in the country and the activity 

of the BBVA, S.A branch in New York. 

  Mexico  includes  banking  and  insurance  businesses  in  this  country  as  well  as  the  activity  that  BBVA  Mexico 

carries out through its branch in Houston. 

  Turkey  reports  the  activity  of  BBVA  Garanti  group  that  is  mainly  carried  out  in  this  country  and,  to  a  lesser 

extent, in Romania and the Netherlands.  

  South  America  basically  includes  banking  and  insurance  businesses  in  the  region.  With  respect  to  the 
agreement  reached  with  Banco  GNB  Paraguay,  S.A.,  for  the  sale  of  BBVA  Paraguay,  it  is  estimated  that  the 
closing will take place during the first quarter of 2020, once all the required authorizations are obtained. 

  Rest of Eurasia includes the banking business activity carried out in Asia and in Europe, excluding Spain.  

The  Corporate  Center  contains  the  centralized  functions  of  the  Group,  including:  the  costs  of  the  head  offices  with  a 
corporate function; management of structural exchange rate positions; some equity instruments issuances to ensure an 
adequate  management  of  the  Group's  global  solvency.  It  also  includes  portfolios  whose  management  is  not  linked  to 
customer  relationships,  such  as  industrial  holdings;  certain  tax  assets  and  liabilities;  funds  due  to  commitments  to 
employees; goodwill and other intangible assets. 

The  information  by  business  area  is  based  on  units  at  the  lowest  level  and/or  companies  that  comprise  the  Group, 
which are assigned to the different areas according to the main region or company group in which they carry out their 
activity. 

As usual, in the case of the different business areas in America and in Turkey, the results of applying constant exchange 
rates are given as well as the year-on-year variations at current exchange rates. 

 
 
101 

MAJOR INCOME STATEMENT ITEMS BY BUSINESS AREA (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

BBVA 
Group 

Spain 

The United 
States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South 
America 

Rest of 
Eurasia 

∑ 
Business 
areas 

Corporate 
Center 

Business areas 

2019 
Net interest income 

Gross income 

Operating income  
Profit/(loss) before 
tax 

Net attributable profit 
2018 (1) 
Net interest income 

Gross income 

18,202 

24,542 

12,639 

6,398 

3,512 

17,591 

23,747 

3,645 

5,734 

2,480 

1,878 

1,386 

3,698 

5,968 

2,395 

3,223 

1,257 

705 

590 

6,209 

8,029 

5,384 

2,814 

3,590 

2,375 

3,196 

3,850 

2,276 

3,691 

1,341 

1,396 

2,699 

506 

721 

175 

454 

161 

163 

127 

18,435 

24,880 

13,933 

9,173 

6,029 

2,276 

2,989 

5,568 

7,193 

3,135 

3,901 

3,009 

3,701 

175 

414 

17,860 

24,167 

(233) 

(339) 

(1,294) 

(2,775) 

(2,517) 

(269) 

(420) 

2,634 

12,045 

Operating income  
Profit/(loss) before 
tax 
Net attributable profit 
(2) 
(1) The income statements for 2018 were reexpressed due to changes in the reallocation of some expenses related to global projects and activities between the Corporate Center and 
the business areas incorporated in 2019. 

5,400 

8,446 

3,269 

1,400 

2,367 

5,743 

8,910 

1,840 

1,444 

1,288 

920 

736 

567 

578 

148 

(463) 

(343) 

96 

1,129 

4,800 

127 

13,336 

(1,291) 

2,654 

1,992 

(2) As a result of the amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes", and in order to make the information comparable, the 2018 income statement has been restated. 

GROSS INCOME(1), OPERATING INCOME(1) AND NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT(1) BREAKDOWN  
(PERCENTAGE. 2019) 

(1) Excludes the Corporate Center. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAJOR BALANCE-SHEET ITEMS AND RISK-WEIGHTED ASSETS BY BUSINESS AREA (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Business areas 

BBVA 
Group 

Spain 

The 
United 
States 

Mexico  Turkey 

South 
America 

Rest of 
Eurasia 

∑ 
Business 
areas 

Corporate 
Center 

Deletions  NCA&L (1) 

102 

63,162 

58,081 

66,068 

167,341 

182,370 

384,219 

107,803 

364,448 

382,360 

-  24,464 

67,525  55,934 

88,529  109,079 

698,690  365,374 

31-12-19 
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
Deposits from 
customers 
Off-balance sheet 
funds 
Total 
assets/liabilities 
and equity 
Risk-weighted 
assets 
31-12-18  
Loans and 
advances to 
customers 
Deposits from 
customers 
Off-balance sheet 
funds 
Total 
assets/liabilities 
and equity 
Risk-weighted 
assets 
(1) Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale (NCA&L) from the BBVA Paraguay. 

676,689  354,901 

82,057  97,432 

63,891  50,530 

65,170  59,299 

-  20,647 

348,264 

375,970 

374,027 

104,925 

170,438 

183,414 

104,113 

60,808 

62,559 

98,150 

64,175 

53,177 

51,101 

40,500 

41,335 

3,906 

64,416 

56,642 

41,478 

39,905 

2,894 

66,250 

56,486 

35,701 

19,660  384,445 

813 

(1,692) 

(1,205) 

36,104 

4,708  387,976 

308 

(2,598) 

(1,467) 

12,864 

500 

107,803 

- 

- 

- 

54,996 

23,248  705,641 

6,787 

(12,018) 

(1,721) 

45,674 

17,975  349,684 

14,765 

- 

34,469 

16,598  374,893 

990 

(1,857) 

35,842 

4,876  378,456 

11,662 

388 

98,150 

36 

- 

(2,523) 

- 

54,373 

18,834  673,848 

16,281 

(13,440) 

42,724 

15,476 

336,151 

12,113 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Since  2019,  a  column  has  been  included  in  the  balance  sheet,  which  includes  the  deletions  and  balance  adjustments 
between different business areas, especially in terms of the relationship between the areas in which the parent company 
operates,  i.e.  Spain,  Rest  of  Eurasia  and  Corporate  Center.  In  previous  years,  these  deletions  were  allocated  to  the 
different  areas,  mainly  in  Banking  Activity  in  Spain.  Accordingly,  the  figures  from  the  previous  year  have  been  re-
expressed to show comparable series. 

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES 

NUMBER OF BRANCHES 

NUMBER OF ATMS 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
103 

Spain 

Highlights 

  Growth in consumer, retail and commercial portfolios.  
  Net Interest income influenced by the impact of IFRS 16. 
  Continued decrease in operating expenses.  
  Positive impact of the sale of non-performing and write-off portfolios on loan loss provisions and risk 

indicators. 

BUSINESS ACTIVITY(1)  
(YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE. DATA AS OF 31-12-19) 

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS  
(PERCENTAGE) 

(1) 

Excluding repos. 

OPERATING INCOME   
(MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT  
(MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

104 

Income statement  

Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
    Of which: Insurance activities (1) 

Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

(1) Includes premiums received net of estimated technical insurance reserves. 

Balance sheets 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Inter-area positions 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Inter-area positions 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under management (1) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (1) 
Off-balance sheet funds (2) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Excluding repos. 
(2) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

2019 
3,645 

1,751 

239 

98 

518 

5,734 

(3,253) 

(1,883) 

(895) 

(476) 

2,480 

(216) 

(386) 

1,878 

(489) 

1,389 

(3) 

1,386 

31-12-19 

15,903 

122,844 
34,175 

195,269 
167,341 

21,621 

3,302 

6,436 
365,374 

78,684 

41,092 

182,370 

35,523 

- 

18,484 

9,220 

31-12-19 

164,150 

8,635 

182,370 

66,068 

104,925 

56.7 

4.4 

60 

0.12 

∆ % 
(1.4) 

4.1 

(54.9) 

65.2 

6.7 

(3.9) 

(2.4) 

0.1 

(22.0) 

54.8 

(5.8) 

(43.6) 

(5.9) 

2.1 

12.0 

(1.0) 

(16.0) 

(1.0) 

∆ % 

(44.3) 

14.5 
13.1 

(0.1) 
(1.8) 

54.2 

155.2 

(22.0) 
3.0 

10.8 

(10.5) 

(0.6) 

13.3 

- 

27.3 

6.3 

∆ % 

(1.4) 

(14.3) 

(0.3) 

5.6 

0.8 

2018 
3,698 

1,682 

529 

59 

485 

5,968 

(3,335) 

(1,880) 

(1,147) 

(308) 

2,634 

(383) 

(410) 

1,840 

(437) 

1,403 

(3) 

1,400 

31-12-18 

28,545 

107,320 
30,222 

195,467 
170,438 

14,026 

1,294 

8,249 
354,901 

71,033 

45,914 

183,414 

31,352 

- 

14,519 

8,670 

31-12-18 

166,396 

10,073 

182,984 

62,559 

104,113 

55.9 

5.1 

57 

0.21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
105 

Activity 

The most relevant aspects related to the area's activity in 2019 have been: 

  At  the  end  of  2019,  lending  activity  (performing  loans  under  management)  was    lower  year-on-year    (down 
1.4%), with a reduction in mortgage loans and in the institutional and corporate portfolios (-3.2%, -10.4% and -
5.1%, respectively),  partially offset by consumer growth (including credit cards, up 15.8%) as well as retail and 
medium-sized businesses (up 3.4% and up 6.4% year-on-year, respectively). 

 

In  asset  quality,  the  reduction  in  non-performing  loan  balances  continued  over  the  quarter,  with  a  positive 
effect on the area's NPL ratio, which fell by 66 basis points along the year to stand at 4.4% as of December 31, 
2019  (5.1%  as  of  December  31,  2018).  This  evolution  was  mainly  the  result  of  the  sale  of  non-performing  and 
write-offs  loan  portfolios  in  2019,  as  well  as  a  lower  level  of  non-performing  loans  in  mortgage  portfolios.  The 
NPL coverage ratio was 60%, up from the figure at the end of 2018 (57%). 

  Customer deposits under management stayed flat during the year (down 0,3%) and showed an increase in the 
last quarter (up 1.0%) as a result of  the evolution of demand deposits (up 1.5%), which managed to offset the 
fall in time deposits (down 1.8%). 

  Off-balance sheet funds showed a positive evolution (up 5.6% since December 31, 2018), in both mutual and 

pension funds. 

Results 

The  2019  net  attributable  profit  generated  by  BBVA  in  Spain  was  €1,386m,  slightly  below  the  same  period  of  the 
previous year (down 1.0%). 

The main highlights of the area's income statement are:  

  The  net  interest  income  registered  a  slight  increase  in  the  quarter  (up  1.3%)  that  allowed  the  annual  rate  of 
decline to decrease (-1.4%, compared to -1.9% year-on-year at the end of September 2019). This is mainly due 
to  the  smaller  contribution  from  the  ALCO  portfolios  and  the  effect  of  IFRS  16,  which  entered  into  force  on 
January 1, 2019. 

  Net  fees  and  commissions  also  evolved  very  positively  in  the  quarter  (up  5.0%),  mainly  due  to  corporate 
banking operations, and also due to the good performance of the commissions charged for asset management. 
In the year, they increased by 4.1%. 

 

In the NTI line, the quarterly evolution was very notable, which did not manage to offset the smaller contribution 
compared to the previous year (down 54.9%) due to the irregular behavior of the markets in 2019, as well as the 
lower portfolio sales. 

  The evolution of other income and operating expenses improved significantly compared to 2018 (up 65.2%) 
despite  the  increase  to  The  Deposit  Guarantee  Fund  in  the  last  quarter  of  2019,  and  thanks  to  the  positive 
evolution of net insurance earnings and the lower costs associated with the real estate business, which are also 
included in this line of the income statement. 

  The  excellent  trend  in  operating  expenses  (down  2.4%  year-on-year)  continued  as  a  result  of  the  cost 

reduction plans. As a result, the efficiency ratio stood at 56.7%. 

  The  impairment  on  financial  assets  fell  compared  to  2018,  helped  by  the  positive  effect  of  the  sale  of  non-

performing and written-off mortgage loan portfolios in the year. 

 

Finally, provisions and other results closed at €-386m, or 5.9% lower than the previous year. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
The United States 

106 

Highlights 

  Activity impacted by Fed’s interest-rate cuts.  
  Good performance of net fees and commissions and NTI.  
  Continued improvement of the efficiency ratio. 
  Net attributable profit affected by the impairment on financial assets.  

BUSINESS ACTIVITY (1)  
(YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE. DATA AS OF 31-12-19)  

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS 
(PERCENTAGE. CONSTANT EXCHANGE RATE) 

(1) 

Excluding repos. 

OPERATING INCOME 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

(1) 

At current exchange rate: +11.4%. 

 (1)      At current exchange rate: -19.9%. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

107 

Income statement  
Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

Balance sheets 
Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand 
deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Inter-area positions 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair 
value through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Inter-area positions 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under 
management (2) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (2) 
Off-balance sheet funds (3) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rate. 

(2) Excluding repos. 

(3) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

2019 
2,395 

644 

173 

12 

3,223 

(1,966) 

(1,126) 

(621) 

(219) 

1,257 

∆ % 
5.2 

8.1 

58.8 

31.7 

7.8 

5.7 

7.2 

(1.7) 

23.1 

11.4 

∆ % (1) 
(0.2) 

2.6 

51.6 

29.3 

2.3 

0.3 

1.7 

(6.7) 

16.8 

5.8 

(550) 

144.9 

132.3 

(2) 

705 

(115) 

590 

- 

590 

n.s. 

(23.4) 

(37.7) 

(19.9) 

- 

n.s. 

(27.3) 

(40.8) 

(23.9) 

- 

(19.9) 

(23.9) 

2018 
2,276 

596 

109 

9 

2,989 

(1,861) 

(1,051) 

(632) 

(178) 

1,129 

(225) 

16 

920 

(185) 

736 

- 

736 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ % (1) 

31-12-18 

8,293 

7,659 
261 

69,510 
63,162 

- 

914 

2,153 
88,529 

282 

4,081 

67,525 

3,551 

3,416 

5,831 

3,843 

71.5 

(26.9) 
67.1 

9.4 
3.9 

- 

36.7 

(15.0) 
7.9 

20.2 

21.1 

5.7 

(1.4) 

77.3 

3.1 

13.6 

68.3 

(28.3) 
63.9 

7.3 
1.9 

- 

34.2 

(16.6) 
5.9 

18.0 

18.8 

3.7 

(3.2) 

74.0 

1.2 

11.5 

4,835 

10,481 
156 

63,539 
60,808 

- 

668 

2,534 
82,057 

234 

3,370 

63,891 

3,599 

1,926 

5,654 

3,383 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ % (1) 

31-12-18 

4.0 

(9.0) 

5.7 

- 

1.5 

2.1 

(10.7) 

3.7 

- 

(0.4) 

63,241 

730 

67,528 

- 

65,170 

61.0 

1.1 

101 

0.88 

60,784 

802 

63,888 

- 

64,175 

62.2 

1.3 

85 

0.39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
108 

Activity 

Unless  expressly  stated  otherwise,  all  the  comments  below  on  rates  of  change,  for  both  activity  and  earnings,  will  be 
given at constant exchange rates. These rates, together with the changes at the current exchange rates, can be found in 
the attached tables of financial statements and relevant business indicators.  

The most relevant aspects related to the area's activity in 2019 were as follows: 

 

Lending activity (performing loans under management) increased quarter-over-quarter and year-on-year (up 
3.0%  and  up  2.1%,  respectively),  mainly  due  to  the  dynamism  of  the  corporate  banking  and  commercial 
portfolio.  The  retail  portfolio  remained  practically  flat  during  2019  (down  0.9%),  with  slight  declines  in  the 
mortgage  and  consumer  portfolios,  which  were  partially  offset  by  the  increase  in  credit  cards,  mainly  due  to 
BBVA’s commercial effort to promote this product amongst its clients. 

  With regard to the risk indicators, there was a significant reduction in non-performing loans in the quarter that 

caused the NPL ratio to stand at 1.1% at year end. The NPL coverage ratio improved to 101%. 

  Customer deposits under management increased 3.7% year-on-year, explained by an increase in demand 

deposits (+10.6%), which offset the decrease in term deposits (-15.4%). 

Results 

The  United  States  generated  a  net  attributable  profit  of  €590m  during  2019,  which  is  23.9%  lower  than  the  previous 
year  as  a  result  of  the  increase  in  the  impairment  of  financial  assets.  The  most  relevant  aspects  related  to  the  income 
statement are summarized below: 

  The net interest income was stable during the year, since the good performance during the first half of the year 
was hampered by the Fed rate cuts in the second half of the year. This line decreased 2.1% in the last quarter of 
the year. 

  Net  fees  and  commissions  increased  2.6%  in  the  year  mainly  due  to  the  increase  in  those  fees  and 
commissions  related  to  investment  banking,  cards,  commercial  establishments  and,  to  a  lesser  extent,  those 
associated with syndicated loans. 

  Significant  increase  in  NTI  (up  51.6%  in  the  year)  as  a  result  of  greater  capital  gains  from  the  sale  of  ALCO 

portfolios. 

  Operating expenses remained stable (up 0.3%) in 2019. 

  There  was  an  increase  in  the  impairment  of  financial  assets  during  2019  (up  132.3%),  due  to  provisions  for 
specific  commercial  portfolio  customers,  more  write-offs  in  the  consumer  portfolio  and  an  adjustment  in  the 
macro scenario. In addition, the comparison was affected by the release in 2018 of hurricane-related provisions 
from  the  previous  year.  Consequently,  the  cumulative  cost  of  risk  as  of  December  2019  increased  to  0.88%, 
compared with 0.39% as of December 2018. 

 
 
 
109 

Mexico 

Highlights 

  Good performance of the lending activity, boosted by growth in the retail portfolio.  
  Positive trend of customer funds especially in demand deposits. 
  Net Interest Income growth in line with activity. 
  Excellent performance of the NTI. 
  Cumulative cost of risk at historically low levels. 

BUSINESS ACTIVITY (1)  
(YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE. DATA AS OF 31-12-19) 

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS 
(PERCENTAGE. CONSTANT EXCHANGE RATE) 

(1) 

Excluding repos. 

OPERATING INCOME 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

(1) 

At current exchange rate: +12.2%.                                                                                      

(1)      At current exchange rate: +14.0%. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

110 

Income statement  
Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

Balance sheets 
Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand 
deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair 
value through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under 
management (2) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (2) 
Off-balance sheet funds (3) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rate. 
(2) Excluding repos. 
(3) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

2019 
6,209 

1,298 

310 

212 

8,029 

(2,645) 

(1,124) 

(1,175) 

(346) 

5,384 

(1,698) 

∆ % 
11.5 

7.8 

38.7 

7.6 

11.6 

10.6 

9.8 

5.3 

36.6 

12.2 

9.2 

∆ % (1) 
5.9 

2.3 

31.7 

2.1 

6.0 

4.9 

4.3 

(0.0) 

29.7 

6.5 

3.6 

5 

(80.4) 

(81.4) 

3,691 

(992) 

2,699 

(0) 

2,699 

12.9 

10.0 

14.0 

14.1 

14.0 

7.2 

4.4 

8.2 

8.3 

8.2 

2018 
5,568 

1,205 

223 

197 

7,193 

(2,392) 

(1,024) 

(1,115) 

(253) 

4,800 

(1,555) 

24 

3,269 

(901) 

2,368 

(0) 

2,367 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ %(1) 

31-12-18 

(21.6) 

(26.0) 

6,489 

31,402 

777 

66,180 
58,081 

2,022 

2,985 
109,079 

21,784 

2,117 

55,934 

8,840 

15,514 

4,889 

31-12-19 

58,617 

1,478 

55,331 

24,464 

59,299 

32.9 

2.4 

136 

3.01 

20.7 

n.s. 

14.7 
13.7 

13.1 

(18.0) 
12.0 

20.8 

209.9 

10.7 

3.2 

0.2 

18.1 

∆ % 

14.1 

29.9 

11.2 

18.5 

11.5 

13.9 

n.s. 

8.2 
7.2 

6.7 

(22.6) 
5.6 

14.0 

192.3 

4.4 

(2.6) 

(5.5) 

11.4 

8,274 

26,022 

72 

57,709 
51,101 

1,788 

3,639 
97,432 

18,028 

683 

50,530 

8,566 

15,485 

4,140 

∆ % (1) 

31-12-18 

7.6 

22.5 

4.9 

11.8 

5.2 

51,387 

1,138 

49,740 

20,647 

53,177 

33.3 

2.1 

154 

3.07 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
111 

Activity 

Unless  expressly  stated  otherwise,  all  the  comments  below  on  rates  of  change,  for  both  activity  and  earnings,  will  be 
given at constant exchange rates. These rates, together with changes at constant exchange rates, can be found in the 
attached tables of financial statements and relevant business indicators. 

The most relevant aspects related to the area's activity in 2019 have been: 

 

Lending activity (performing loans under management) showed a strong dynamism in the final quarter of the 
year,  with  growth  of  1.7%  that  boosted  the  year-on-year  variation  to  7.6%.  It  can  be  seen  that  even  when 
economic  uncertainty  was  observed  throughout  the  year  and  there  was  a  slowdown  in  credit  growth  in  the 
system,  BBVA  managed  to  maintain  its  leadership  position  in  Mexico,  with  a  market  share  of  22.8%  in 
performing  loans,  according  to  local  figures  from  the  National  Banking  and  Securities  Commission  (CNBV)  at 
the end of November 2019. 

  The wholesale portfolio, showed an increase of 5.1% year on year, driven mainly by the positive performance of 
business  loans  which  grew  by  3.9%  in  2019.  It  should  be  noted  the  positive  performance  of  the  corporate 
banking  portfolio  in  the  quarter,  which  managed  to  reverse  the  downward  trend  observed  until  September  to 
end  the  year  with  a  positive  growth  compared  to  2018.  The  retail  portfolio  maintained  the  dynamism  shown 
throughout 2019 and closed the year with a year-on-year growth rate of 8.1%, strongly supported by consumer 
loans (payroll and those loans used for the purchase of cars, mainly) and mortgages (up 13.1% and up 10.5% 
respectively, compared to December 2018). This portfolio also showed a double-digit year-on-year growth rate 
in the new loan production. 

 

In terms of asset quality indicators, the NPL ratio stood at 2.4% while NPL coverage ratio stood at 136%. 

  Total customer funds (customer deposits under management, mutual funds and other off-balance sheet funds) 
grew by 7.0%, despite the highly competitive market. The rise can be explained by an increase in the demand 
deposits  (up  6.2%),  and  the  positive  evolution  of  mutual  funds  (up  16.7%),  driven  by  the  wide  range  of  these 
type of investment products. Regarding the funding mix, demand deposits represent 80% of the total customer 
deposits under management at the end of 2019. 

Results 

BBVA in Mexico achieved a net attributable profit of €2,699m in 2019, up 8.2% year-on-year. The most relevant aspects 
related to the income statement are summarized below: 

  The  strong  performance  of  the  net  interest  income,  with  a  year-on-year  growth  of  5.9%,  driven  by  higher 

income from the retail portfolio. 

  Net  fees  and  commissions  grew  by  2.3%,  despite  the  strong  pressures  from  the  competitive  environment. 

This evolution is mainly explained by the increase in the credit card billing from customers. 

  NTI showed an excellent performance, with a 31.7% year-on-year growth derived mainly from the gains coming 

from portfolio sales. 

  Other operating income and expenses increased by 2.1% year-on-year, resulting from higher earnings in the 

insurance business and despite the higher contribution to the Deposit Guarantee Fund. 

  Gross income grew by 6.0% in year-on-year terms, exceeding the increase in operating expenses (up 4.9%) 
which, despite being heavily influenced by the increase in the contribution to the Foundation, follow a strict cost 
control policy. As a result, the efficiency ratio improved in 2019 to 32.9%. 

  The impairment on financial assets line increased by 3.6% mainly due to the higher requirement derived from 
the greater dynamism observed in the retail portfolio, and the negative impact of the deterioration in the macro 
scenario. Despite all of the above, the cumulative cost of risk stood at 3.01% in 2019, which is the lowest level of 
the last nine years. 

 

In  the  provisions  (net)  and  other  gains  (losses)  line,  the  comparison  was  negative  due  to  extraordinary 
income in the first half of 2018 from the sale of holdings in real estate developments by BBVA in Mexico. 

 
 
 
 
112 

Turkey 

Highlights 

In Turkish lira, positive activity performance and relevant improvement in the spread. 

 
  Operating expenses growth below the inflation rate.  
  Positive  evolution  of  net  fees  and  commissions  and  lower  requirements  for  loan-loss  provisions  on 

financial assets. 

BUSINESS ACTIVITY (1)  
(YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE. DATA AS OF 31-12-19) 

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS 
(PERCENTAGE. CONSTANT EXCHANGE RATE) 

(1) 

Excluding repos. 

OPERATING INCOME 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATE) 

(1) 

At current exchange rate: -10.5%. 

(1)      At current exchange rate: -10.7% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

113 

Income statement  
Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

Balance sheets 
Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand 
deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under 
management (2) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (2) 
Off-balance sheet funds (3) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rate. 
(2) Excluding repos. 
(3) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

2019 
2,814 

717 

10 

50 

3,590 

(1,215) 

(678) 

(359) 

(179) 

2,375 

(906) 

(128) 

1,341 

(312) 

1,029 

(524) 

506 

∆ % 
(10.2) 

4.5 

(11.7) 

(28.7) 

(8.0) 

(2.6) 

3.3 

(20.8) 

29.3 

(10.5) 

(24.6) 

n.s. 

(7.1) 

6.5 

(10.6) 

(10.4) 

(10.7) 

∆ %(1) 
0.1 

16.5 

(1.6) 

(20.5) 

2.6 

8.6 

15.2 

(11.8) 

44.1 

(0.2) 

(16.0) 

n.s. 

3.5 

18.7 

(0.3) 

(0.2) 

(0.5) 

2018 
3,135 

686 

11 

70 

3,901 

(1,247) 

(656) 

(453) 

(138) 

2,654 

(1,202) 

(8) 

1,444 

(293) 

1,151 

(585) 

567 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ %(1) 

31-12-18 

5,486 

5,268 
444 

51,285 
40,500 

1,117 

1,260 
64,416 

2,184 

4,473 

41,335 

4,271 

9,481 

2,672 

(30.1) 

(22.9) 

(4.3) 
8.4 

1.9 
(2.4) 

5.5 

(16.9) 
(2.8) 

17.9 

(33.6) 

3.6 

(28.4) 

2.3 

5.7 

5.6 
19.6 

12.5 
7.7 

16.4 

(8.4) 
7.3 

30.1 

(26.7) 

14.3 

(21.0) 

12.9 

16.6 

7,853 

5,506 
410 

50,315 
41,478 

1,059 

1,517 
66,250 

1,852 

6,734 

39,905 

5,964 

9,267 

2,529 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ %(1) 

31-12-18 

(3.3) 

27.4 

3.6 

35.0 

0.3 

6.7 

40.5 

14.3 

48.9 

10.6 

39,662 

3,663 

41,324 

3,906 

56,642 

33.8 

7.0 

75 

2.07 

40,996 

2,876 

39,897 

2,894 

56,486 

32.0 

5.3 

81 

2.44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
114 

Activity  

Unless  expressly  stated  and  communicated  otherwise,  rates  of  changes  explained  ahead,  both  for  activity  and  for 
income, will be presented at constant exchange rates. These rates, together with changes at current exchange rates, can 
be observed in the attached tables of the financial statements and relevant business indicators. 

The most relevant aspects related to the area’s activity year-to-date as of December 31, 2019 were: 

 

Lending activity (performing loans under management) rose by 6.7% year-to-date (up 8.2% in quarterly terms) 
mainly  driven  by  Turkish  Lira  loan  growth.  Significant  performance  of  Turkish  Lira  loans  in  the  last  quarter  of 
2019  by  6.6%  where  foreign  currency  loans  remained  stable  after  the  contraction  in  the  first  nine  months  of 
2019 (in U.S. dollar terms). 

  Turkish Lira commercial loans grew year-to-date thanks to a strong performance in the first quarter supported 
by  the  Credit  Guarantee  Fund  (CGF)  utilization  and  short  term  corporate  loans.  In  addition,  consumer  loans 
expanded in year-on-year terms of, explained by the improvement in the last quarter of the year mainly driven 
by the General Purpose Loans and thanks to the declining interest rate environment. Additionally, credit cards 
continued to show solid performance on a year-on-year basis. 

 

In terms of asset quality, the NPL ratio slightly decreased to 7.0% from 7.2% as of September 30, 2019. The 
NPL coverage ratio stands at 75% December 31, 2019. 

  Customer deposits under management (64% of total liabilities in the area as of December 31, 2019) remained 
the  main  source  of  funding  for  the  balance  sheet  and  increased  by  14.3%  on  a  year-on-year  basis.  It  is  worth 
mentioning  the  good  performance  of  demand  deposits,  which  increased  by  38.6%  year-on-year  and  12.3%  in 
the last quarter. Demand deposits share in total deposits is 38.1%. 

Results 

Turkey generated a net attributable profit of €506m in 2019 representing a flattish year-on-year evolution (down 0.5%). 
The net attributable profit of this business area in the fourth quarter increased by 31.5%. The most significant aspects of 
the year-on-year evolution in the income statement are the following: 

  Net interest income remains stable mainly thanks to the successful price management that led to increase in 
both  Turkish  Lira  and  Foreign  currency  spreads  offset  by  a  sharp  reduction  in  inflation-linked  bonds 
contribution. 

 

 

Income  from  net  fees  and  commissions  grew  by  16.5%.  This  significant  increase  was  mainly  driven  by  the 
positive performance in payment systems and backed by money transfers and non-cash loans. 

Flat NTI despite the unfavorable market conditions. 

  Gross income grew by 2.6% in 2019 compared to 2018, thanks to the increase in core banking revenues. 

  Operating expenses increased by 8.6%, significantly below the average inflation rate during the last 12 months 
which stood an average of 15.5%. As a result of strict cost-control discipline, the efficiency ratio remained at low 
levels (33.8%). 

 

Impairment on financial assets declined by 16.0% on a year-on-year basis due to lower negative impacts from 
the  macro  scenario  update  and  higher  big  ticket  provisions  coming  from  the  wholesale-customer  portfolio  in 
2018. As a result, the cumulative cost of risk of the area stood at 2.07%. 

  Provisions  or  reversal  of  provisions  and  other  results  subtracts  €128m  versus  €8m  in  2018  due  to  higher 

provisions for contingent liabilities and commitments. 

 
 
 
115 

South America 

Highlights 

  Positive evolution of activity in the main countries: Argentina, Colombia and Peru. 
 

Improved efficiency ratio, supported by the growth in net interest income and the control in operating 
expenses. 

  Greater NTI contribution in the year due to the positive effect derived from Prisma sale in Argentina and 

the positive contribution of foreign exchange transactions. 

  Net attributable profit impacted by Argentina's inflation adjustment. 
  Positive contribution of the main countries to the Group’s attributable profit. 

BUSINESS ACTIVITY (1)  
(YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATES. DATA AS OF 31-12-19) 

NET INTEREST INCOME/ATAS 
 (PERCENTAGE. CONSTANT EXCHANGE RATE) 

(1) 

 Excluding repos. 

OPERATING INCOME 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATES) 

NET ATTRIBUTABLE PROFIT 
(MILLIONS OF EUROS AT CONSTANT EXCHANGE 
RATES) 

(1) 

At current exchange rate: +14.3%. 

(1)      At current exchange rate: +24.8% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

116 

Income statement  
Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

BBVA Chile (2) 

Net attributable profit excluding BBVA Chile 

Balance sheets 
Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand 
deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair 
value through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under 
management (3) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (4) 
Off-balance sheet funds (5) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rates. 
(2) Earnings generated by BBVA Chile until its sale on July 6, 2018. 
(3) Excluding repos. 
(4) Excluding repos and including specific marketable debt securities. 
(5) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

2019 
3,196 

557 

576 

(479) 

3,850 

(1,574) 

(794) 

(609) 

(171) 

2,276 

(777) 

(103) 

1,396 

(368) 

1,028 

(307) 

721 

- 

721 

∆ % 
6.2 

(11.9) 

42.3 

39.1 

4.0 

(7.9) 

(6.1) 

(17.5) 

36.7 

14.3 

21.7 

57.8 

8.3 

(21.6) 

25.5 

27.1 

24.8 

- 

40.4 

∆ % (1) 
15.2 

(5.0) 

58.1 

33.6 

14.3 

1.6 

4.2 

(9.0) 

45.6 

25.2 

29.4 

83.4 

20.1 

(16.3) 

42.3 

38.8 

43.8 

- 

64.0 

2018 
3,009 

631 

405 

(344) 

3,701 

(1,709) 

(846) 

(738) 

(125) 

1,992 

(638) 

(65) 

1,288 

(469) 

819 

(241) 

578 

64 

514 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ %(1) 

31-12-18 

8,601 

6,120 
114 

37,869 
35,701 

968 

1,438 
54,996 

1,860 

3,656 

36,104 

3,220 

7,664 

2,492 

(4.3) 

8.6 
(11.7) 

3.3 
3.6 

19.1 

(37.2) 
1.1 

37.1 

18.9 

0.7 

0.4 

(10.3) 

5.8 

5.3 

13.1 
(13.2) 

7.4 
7.5 

25.3 

(34.1) 
6.1 

36.0 

20.0 

6.4 

0.9 

(4.8) 

11.9 

8,987 

5,634 
129 

36,649 
34,469 

813 

2,290 
54,373 

1,357 

3,076 

35,842 

3,206 

8,539 

2,355 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

∆ % (1) 

31-12-18 

3.1 

6.1 

0.4 

10.3 

6.9 

7.0 

6.6 

6.0 

10.7 

13.5 

35,598 

1,853 

36,123 

12,864 

45,674 

40.9 

4.4 

100 

1.88 

34,518 

1,747 

35,984 

11,662 

42,724 

46.2 

4.3 

97 

1.44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SOUTH AMERICA. DATA PER COUNTRY (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Country 
Argentina 

Chile 

Colombia 

Operating income  

∆ % 
213.6 

(53.7) 

0.2 

∆ % (1) 
n.s. 

(51.9) 

5.6 

2019 
548 

134 

639 

2018 
175 

289 

638 

2019 
133 

55 

267 

Net attributable profit 
∆ % (1) 
n.s. 

∆ % 
n.s. 

(60.0) 

19.1 

827 

Peru 
Other countries (2) 
Total 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rates. 
(2) Venezuela, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia. Additionally, it includes eliminations and other charges. 
SOUTH AMERICA. RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS PER COUNTRY (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

(20.4) 

2,276 

(16.5) 

1,992 

24.8 

25.2 

14.3 

13.4 

202 

730 

11.6 

160 

128 

721 

5.9 

9.2 

65 

(58.5) 

25.5 

1.9 

19.9 

43.8 

117 

2018 
(32) 

137 

224 

191 

59 

578 

Performing loans and advances to 
customers under management (1)(2) 
Non-performing loans and 
guarantees given (1) 
Customer deposits under 
management (1)(3) 

Off-balance sheet funds (1)(4) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Argentina 

Chile 

Colombia 

Peru 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

2,929 

2,716 

1,806 

1,935 

12,853 

12,040 

15,030 

13,859 

105 

56 

4,366 

644 

6,093 

46.9 

3.4 

161 

3,851 

504 

8,036 

73.7 

2.0 

111 

74 

6 

- 

2,121 

33.0 

3.9 

91 

2.79 

55 

10 

- 

741 

782 

806 

736 

12,696 

12,761 

14,643 

13,331 

1,389 

1,309 

1,821 

1,729 

2,243 

14,172 

12,680 

19,293 

15,739 

42.1 

2.8 

93 

0.81 

36.2 

5.3 

98 

1.67 

37.1 

6.0 

100 

2.16 

35.8 

4.1 

96 

1.45 

36.0 

4.0 

93 

0.98 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Figures at constant exchange rates. 
(2) Excluding repos. 
(3) Excluding repos and including specific marketable debt securities. 
(4) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

4.22 

1.60 

Activity and results 

Unless  expressly  stated  otherwise,  all  the  comments  below  on  rates  of  change,  for  both  activity  and  earnings,  will  be 
given at constant exchange rates. These rates, together with the changes at current exchange rates, can be found in the 
attached tables of financial statements and relevant business indicators. 

 The most relevant aspects related to the area's activity as of December 31, 2019 were: 

 

Lending  activity  (performing  loans  under  management)  remained  above  the  end  of  the  previous  year, 
increasing  by  7.0%.  It  is  important  to  highlight  the  evolution  of  the  retail  portfolio,  which  continues  to  show 
positive performance especially in credit cards and consumer loans. With regard to asset quality, both the NPL 
ratio and NPL coverage ratio closed at 4.4% and 100%, respectively, slightly above the end of the previous year. 

  On the funding side, deposits from customers under management increased by 6.0% in the year, mainly due to 
the growth of time deposits and, to a lesser extent, demand deposits. Off-balance sheet funds grew by 10.7% in 
the same period. 

With respect to results, South America generated a cumulative net attributable profit of €721m in 2019, amounting to 
year-on-year growth of 43.8% (up 24.8% at current exchange rates). The cumulative impact in 2019 of hyperinflation in 
Argentina on the area's net attributable profit was €-98m. 

The most relevant aspects of the income statement are summarized below: 

  There  was  significant  income  generation  from  the  net  interest  income,  which  grew  15.2%  in  the  last  twelve 

months (up +6.2% at current exchange rates). 

  Higher contribution from NTI (up 58.1%, up 42.3% at current exchange rates) due to the positive effect derived 

from Prisma sale in Argentina and the positive contribution of foreign exchange transactions. 

  Operating  expenses  were  slightly  higher  than  the  previous  year  (up  1.6%,  down  7.9%  at  current  exchange 

rates). 

 

Impairment  on  financial  assets  increased  by  29.4%  (up  21.7%  at  current  exchange  rates),  bringing  the 
cumulative cost of risk to 1.88% as of the end of December 2019. 

  Higher  provisions  (net)  and  other  gains  (losses)  compared  to  the  previous  year  (up  83.4%,  up  57.8%  at 

current exchange rates). 

 
 
 
 
 
118 

On homogeneous comparison, i.e. excluding the sale of BBVA Chile that was completed in July 2018, the net attributable 
profit grew by 40.4% in 2019 at current exchange rates compared to the previous year (+64.0% at constant exchange 
rates). 

The  most  significant  countries  in  the  business  area,  Argentina,  Colombia  and  Peru,  performed  as  follows  in  2019  in 
terms of activity and earnings: 

Argentina 

 

 

Lending activity grew by 7.9% explained by the performance of retail loans, mainly due to the increased activity 
in consumer and credit card portfolios. With regards to asset quality, the NPL ratio increased compared to the 
last  year  and  stood  at  3.4%  as  of  December  31,  2019.  Despite  this,  it  continued  to  perform  better  than  the 
system and showed a decrease of 30 basis points in the quarter. 

In  terms  of  funding,  deposits  from  customers  under  management  increased  by  13.4%,  mainly  supported  by 
demand deposits, while off-balance sheet funds increased by 27.9%, both compared to December 2018 figures. 

  Net attributable profit was €133m, driven mainly by the strong performance of net interest income (due to the 
increased  contribution  from  securities  portfolios  and  a  better  customer  spread)  as  well  as  an  increase  in  NTI 
(positively impacted by the sale of the stake in Prisma Medios de Pago S.A. in the first quarter of 2019 and to 
foreign  exchange  transactions).  This  performance  was  negatively  impacted  by  increased  operating  expenses, 
which  were  influenced  by  high  levels  of  inflation  and  higher  impairments  on  financial  assets  explained  by  the 
downgrade in the rating and by the situation of the country. 

Colombia 

 

Lending  activity  grew  6.8%  in  the  year  explained  by  the  good  performance  of  the  retail  portfolio,  especially 
consumer and mortgage loans and of the public sector loans. In terms of asset quality, the NPL ratio fell to 5.3% 
as of December 2019. 

  Deposits from customers under management remained flat compared to the end of 2018. 

  The  net  attributable  profit  stood  at  €267m,  increasing  by  of  25.5%  year-on-year  basis,  thanks  to  the 
generation of net interest income, the positive performance of the NTI (up 14.1%) due to sales of inflation-linked 
asset  portfolios  and  the  valuation  of  the  security  portfolio,  lower  level  of  impairments  of  financial  assets  and 
provisions and a lower tax rate, as a result of the court ruling declaring the corporate tax surcharge applicable to 
financial entities illegal. 

Peru 

 

Lending  activity  increased  by  8.5%  compared  to  the  end  of  2018  mainly  explained  by  the  evolution  of  the 
wholesale  portfolio  and  also  supported  by  the  strong  performance  of  retail  portfolios,  especially  consumer 
lending and mortgages. With regards to asset quality, there was an increase in the NPL ratio, to 4.1%, and in NPL 
coverage ratio, which reached 96%. 

  Customer  deposits  under  management  increased  by  9.8%  in  the  year,  mainly  due  to  growth  in  the  time 

deposits (up 27.0%). 

  Good  performance  in  the  net  interest  income,  which  grew  by  7.3%  year-on-year  due  to  higher  business 
volumes.  The  NTI  also  showed  an  important  increase  of  25.6%  year-on-year  due  to  foreign  exchange 
transactions.  As a  result,  the net attributable  profit stood at €202m, showing a year-on-year growth of 1.9%, 
offset by higher operating expenses and a higher level of impairments on financial assets. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Rest of Eurasia 

Highlights 

119 

Flattish recurring revenue and positive performance of the NTI. 

  Good performance in lending, especially in Asia.  
 
  Controlled growth of operating expenses. 
 

Improved risk indicators. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND RELEVANT BUSINESS INDICATORS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 
Income statement  
Net interest income 

∆ % 
(0.0) 

2019 
175 

2018 
175 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  

Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 

Income tax 

Profit/(loss) for the year 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit 

Balance sheets 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Inter-area positions 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Inter-area positions 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

139 

131 

9 

454 

(293) 

(144) 

(131) 

(18) 

161 

(4) 

6 

163 

(36) 

127 

- 

127 

31-12-19 

247 

477 
- 

22,224 
19,660 

- 

72 

228 
23,248 

57 

1,039 

4,708 

836 

15,336 

399 

873 

0.4 

29.2 

n.s. 

9.6 

2.2 

5.7 

(9.2) 

194.2 

26.1 

n.s. 

n.s. 

10.0 

(31.3) 

32.3 

- 

32.3 

∆ % 

3.8 

(5.2) 
- 

24.9 
18.4 

- 

81.2 

(10.5) 
23.4 

36.7 

(18.2) 

(3.5) 

292.6 

34.5 

47.9 

15.4 

138 

101 

(0) 

414 

(287) 

(136) 

(144) 

(6) 

127 

24 

(3) 

148 

(52) 

96 

- 

96 

31-12-18 

238 

504 
- 

17,799 
16,598 

- 

39 

254 
18,834 

42 

1,271 

4,876 

213 

11,406 

270 

757 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Relevant business indicators  
Performing loans and advances to customers under management (1) 

Non-performing loans  
Customer deposits under management (1) 
Off-balance sheet funds (2) 

Risk-weighted assets 

Efficiency ratio (%) 

NPL ratio (%) 

NPL coverage ratio (%) 

Cost of risk (%) 
(1) Excluding repos. 
(2) Includes mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds. 

Activity and results 

∆ % 

18.7 

(18.7) 

(3.5) 

29.1 

16.1 

31-12-19 

19,654 

350 

4,708 

500 

17,975 

64.6 

1.2 

98 

0.02 

120 

31-12-18 

16,553 

430 

4,876 

388 

15,476 

69.3 

1.7 

83 

(0.11) 

The most relevant aspects of the area's activity and earnings in 2019 were: 

 

Lending  activity  (loans  and  advances  to  customers)  increased  18.7%  in  2019,  mainly  driven  by  the  strong 
performance in Asia. 

  Credit risk indicators compare positively compared to the end of 2018: the non-performing loan ratio improved 

from 1.7% to 1.2 at the end of 2019 and the NPL coverage ratio increased from 83% to 98%. 

  Customer deposits under management fell by 3.5% in 2019, affected by the negative interest rate environment 

in Europe. 

  As  regards  to  earnings,  the  NTI  performed  strongly  (up  29.2%  year-on-year)  due  to  the  contribution  of 
commercial  activity  in  the  Global  Markets  area,  which  compensated  for  the  decreased  dynamism  of  the  net 
interest  income  and  commissions,  which  remained  flat.  Continued  management  of  discretionary  expenses 
resulted  in  controlled  growth  of  operating  expenses  (up  2.2%  year-on-year).  The  impairment  on  financial 
assets  compares  negatively  with  the  previous  year,  due  to  the  releases  made  in  2018  explained  by  the  lower 
reserve requirement provisions in Europe. As a result, the area's net attributable profit in 2019 was €127m (up 
32.3% year-on-year). 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Corporate Center 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (MILLIONS OF EUROS AND PERCENTAGE) 

Income statement  
Net interest income 

Net fees and commissions  

Net trading income 

Other operating income and expenses 
Gross income 

Operating expenses 

Personnel expenses 

Other administrative expenses 

Depreciation 

Operating income  
Impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Provisions or reversal of provisions and other results 

Profit/(loss) before tax 
Income tax (1) 

Profit/(loss) for the year (1) 

Non-controlling interests 
Net attributable profit (1) 
Of which: 

The United States goodwill impairment  

Capital gains from the sale of BBVA Chile 

∆ % 
(13.4) 

24.0 

(65.0) 

(66.1) 

(19.3) 

9.6 

12.1 

20.3 

(4.6) 

0.2 

(98.4) 

n.s. 

n.s. 

119.3 

n.s. 

(91.8) 

n.s. 

2019 
(233) 

(73) 

(54) 

21 

(339) 

(955) 

(591) 

(173) 

(190) 

(1,294) 

(0) 

(1,481) 

(2,775) 

258 

(2,517) 

0 

(2,517) 

(1,318) 

Net attributable profit excluding the goodwill impairment in the 
United States and the capital gains from the sale of BBVA Chile. 

(1,199) 

22.8 

(1) As a result of the amendment to IAS 12 "Income Taxes", and in order to make the information comparable, the 2018 income statement has been restated. 

121 

2018 
(269) 

(59) 

(155) 

63 

(420) 

(871) 

(527) 

(144) 

(200) 

(1,291) 

(2) 

830 

(463) 

118 

(346) 

3 

(343) 

633 

(976) 

Balance sheets 

31-12-19 

∆ % 

31-12-18 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets designated at fair value  

Of which: Loans and advances 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
    Of which: Loans and advances to customers 

Inter-area positions 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 
Total assets/liabilities and equity 

Financial liabilities held for trading and designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Deposits from central banks and credit institutions 

Deposits from customers 

Debt certificates 

Inter-area positions 

Other liabilities 

Economic capital allocated 

Shareholders' funds 

836 

2,458 
- 

2,480 
813 

(21,621) 

2,240 

20,394 
6,787 

14 

718 

308 

7,764 

(32,067) 

566 

(23,989) 

53,474 

14.2 

(10.2) 
- 

(6.9) 
(17.9) 

54.2 

42.4 

(9.8) 
(58.3) 

(65.1) 

(2.1) 

n.s. 

(5.5) 

40.6 

(70.5) 

9.9 

7.0 

732 

2,738 
- 

2,665 
990 

(14,026) 

1,573 

22,598 
16,281 

39 

733 

36 

8,212 

(22,808) 

1,917 

(21,833) 

49,985 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
122 

The  Corporate  Center  recorded  a  negative  net  attributable  profit  of  €2,517m  in  2019,  resulting  from  the  goodwill 
impairment of the United States for an amount of €1,318m in December 2019. The 2018 net attributable profit was €-
343m,  as  it  included  the  net  capital  gains  from  the  sale  of  BBVA  Chile.  In  addition,  the  most  significant  parts  of  the 
change in the 2019 statement was: 

 

The  NTI  had  a  positive  year-on-year  comparison,  as  the  losses  generated  in  2019  were  lower  than  those  in 
2018, mainly due to increased capital gains in the portfolio of industrial and financial holdings. 

  Other  operating  income  and  expenses  primarily  include  Telefónica,  S.A.  dividends,  as  well  as  the  income  of 
companies  accounted  for  by  the  equity  method,  including  holdings  in  real  estate  companies.  The  positive 
contribution of this line in 2019 was 66.1% less than in 2018. 

  Operating  expenses  include  the  expenses  from  the  corporate  functions  and  whose  year-on-year  increase 

(+9.6%) is related to the expenses associated with data and cybersecurity. 

  The  line  of  provisions  or  reversal  of  provisions  and  other  gains  (losses)  shows,  in  2019,  the  goodwill 

impairment in the United States, and in 2018, the capital gains generated by the sale of BBVA Chile 

 
 
 
 
123 

Risk management  

General risk management and control model 

The BBVA Group has a general risk management and control model (hereinafter, the “Model”) that is appropriate for its 
business  model,  its  organization,  the  countries  where  it  operates  and  its  corporate  governance  system.  This  model 
allows  the  Group  to  carry  out  its  activity  within  the  risk  management  and  control  strategy  and  policy  defined  by  the 
corporate  bodies  of  BBVA  and  to  adapt  itself  to  a  changing  economic  and  regulatory  environment,  facing  this 
management at a global level and aligned to the circumstances at all times. 

This model, which is fully applied in the Group, comprises the following basic elements: 

  Governance and Organization 

  Risk Appetite Framework 

  Assessment, Monitoring and Reporting 

 

Infrastructure. 

The Group promotes the development of a risk culture that ensures a consistent application of the Model in the Group, 
and that guarantees that the risks function is understood and internalized at all levels of the organization. 

Governance and Organization  

The risk governance model in the BBVA Group is characterized by a special involvement of its corporate bodies, both in 
setting the risk strategy and in monitoring and supervising its implementation on an ongoing basis. 

Thus,  and  as  explained  below,  the  corporate  bodies  are  responsible  for  approving  the  risk  strategy  and  the  corporate 
policies for the different types of risks. Global Risk Management (GRM) and Regulation and Internal Control (including, 
among other areas, Non-Financial Risks) are the functions responsible for its implementation and development, with the 
appropriate reporting to corporate bodies. 

Responsibility for day-to-day management of risks falls on business and corporate areas, the activities of which adhere to 
the policies, regulation, infrastructures and controls that, based on the framework set by corporate bodies, are defined 
by Global Risk Management and Regulation & Internal Control in their corresponding areas of responsibility. 

To  carry  out  this  work  adequately,  the  financial  risks  function  in  the  BBVA  Group  (GRM)  has  been  set  up  as  a  single, 
global function independent from commercial areas. 

The head of the risks function at an executive level, the Group’s Chief Risk Officer (or CRO), is appointed by the Board of 
Directors  as  a  member  of  its  senior  management,  and  reports  directly  on  the  development  of  the  corresponding 
functions  to  the  corporate  bodies.  The  Chief  Risk  Officer,  for  the  best  fulfillment  of  the  functions,  is  supported  by  a 
structure consisting of cross-cutting risk units in the corporate area and specific risk units in the Group's geographical 
and/or business areas. 

In addition, and with regard to internal control and non-financial risks, the Group has a Regulation & Internal Control area 
independent  from  the  rest  of  units  and  whose  head  (Head  of  Regulation  &  Internal  Control)  is  also  appointed  by  the 
Board  of  Directors  of  BBVA  and  reports  directly  to  corporate  bodies  on  the  performance  of  its  functions.  This  area  is 
responsible for proposing and implementing non-financial risks policies and the Internal Control Model of the Group and 
it is composed by, among other, the Non-Financial Risks, Regulatory Compliance and Risk Internal Control units. 

The Risk Internal Control unit, within the Regulation & Internal Control area and, therefore, independent from the financial 
risks function (GRM), acts as a control unit for the activities carried out by GRM. In this regard, and without prejudice to 
the  functions  performed  in  this  regard  by  the  Internal  Audit  area,  Risk  Internal  Control  checks  that  the  regulatory 
framework  and  established  measures  are  sufficient  and  appropriate  for  each  type  of  financial  risk.  It  also  monitors  its 
implementation  and  operation,  and  confirms  that  those  decisions  taken  by  GRM  are  taken  independently  from  the 
business lines and, in particular, that there’s an adequate segregation of functions between units. 

Governance  and  organizational  structure  are  basic  pillars  for  ensuring  an  effective  risk  management  and  control.  This 
section  summarizes  the  roles  and  responsibilities  of  the  corporate  bodies  in  the  risks  area,  of  the  Group's  Chief  Risk 
Officer and, in general, of the risks function, its interrelation and the group of committees, in addition to the Risk Internal 
Control unit. 

Corporate Bodies of BBVA 

According to the corporate governance system of BBVA, the Board of Directors of the Bank has certain reserved powers 
concerning  management,  through  the  implementation  of  the  corresponding  most  relevant  decisions,  and  concerning 

 
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supervision  and  control,  through  the  monitoring  and  supervision  of  implemented  decisions  and  management  of  the 
Bank. 

In  addition,  and  to  ensure  an  adequate  performance  of  the  management  and  supervisory  functions  of  the  Board  of 
Directors,  the  corporate  governance  system  comprises  different  committees  supporting  the  Board  of  Directors  with 
regard  to  matters  falling  within  their  competence,  and  according  to  the  specific  charters  of  each  committees.  For  this 
purpose, a coordinated work scheme between these corporate bodies has been established. 

In  terms  of  risks,  the  Board  of  Directors  has  reserved  those  powers  referred  to  determining  the  risk  control  and 
management policy and the supervision and control of its implementation. 

In addition, and for an adequate performance of its duties, the Board of Directors is assisted by the Risk and Compliance 
Committee  (“CRC”),  on  the  issues  detailed  below,  and  by  the  Executive  Committee  (“CDP”),  which  is  focused  on  the 
strategy, finance and business functions of the Group, for the purposes of which it monitors the risks of the Group. 

The  involvement  of  the  corporate  bodies  of  BBVA  in  the  control  and  management  of  the  risks  of  the  Group  is  detailed 
below: 

  Board of Directors 

The  Board  of  Directors  is  responsible  for  establishing  the  risk  strategy  of  the  Group  and,  in  this  role,  it 
determines the risks management and control policy, through the following documents: 

o  The Risk Appetite Framework of the Group, which includes in the one hand the risk appetite statement 
of  the  Group,  that  is,  the  general  principles  governing  the  risk  strategy  of  the  Group  and  its  target 
profile;  and,  on  the  other  hand,  and  based  on  the  above  mentioned  risk  appetite  statement,  a  set  of 
quantitative metrics (core metrics, and their corresponding statements,  and by type of risk metrics), 
reflecting the risk profile of the Group; 

o  The framework of management policies of the different types of risk to which the Bank is, or could be, 
exposed. They contain the basic lines for a consistent management and control of risks throughout the 
Group, and consistent with the Risk Appetite Framework and the Model; and 

o  The model. 

All of the above in coordination with the rest of prospective-strategic decisions of the Bank, which includes the 
Strategic Plan, the Annual Budget and the capital and liquidity planning, in addition to the rest of management 
objectives, whose approval is a responsibility of the Board of Directors. 

In  addition  to  defining  the  risk  strategy,  the  Board  of  Directors,  in  the  performance  of  its  risks  monitoring, 
management and control tasks, also monitors the evolution of the risks of the Group and of each main business 
and/or  geographical  area,  ensuring  compliance  with  the  Risk  Appetite  Framework  of  the  Group;  and  also 
supervising internal information and control systems. 

For the development of all these functions, the Board of Directors is supported by the CRC and the CDP, which 
are responsible for the functions detailed below. 

  Risk and Compliance Committee 

The CRC is, according to its own charter, composed of non-executive directors and its main purpose is to assist 
the Board  of  Directors on  the establishment and monitoring of  the risk control and  management policy of the 
Group. 

For this purpose, it assists the Board of Directors in a variety of risk control and monitoring areas, in addition to 
its  analysis  functions,  based  on  the  strategic  pillars  established  by  the  Board  of  Directors  and  the  CDP,  the 
proposals on the risk management, control and strategy of the Group, which are particularly specified in the Risk 
Appetite Framework and in this Model. After the analysis, the Risk Appetite Framework and Model proposal is 
submitted to the Board of Directors for consideration and, where appropriate, approval purposes. 

In addition, the CRC proposes, in a manner consistent with the Risk Appetite Framework of the Group approved 
by  the  Board  of  Directors,  the  management  and  control  policies  of  the  different  risks  of  the  Group,  and 
supervises the internal control and information systems. 

With regard to the monitoring of the evolution of the risks of the Group and their degree of compliance with the 
Risk Appetite Framework and defined policies, and without prejudice to the monitoring task carried out by the 
Board of Directors and the CDP, the CRC carries out monitoring and control tasks with greater frequency and 
receives information with a sufficient granularity to achieve an adequate performance of its duties. 

The  CRC  also  analyzes  all  measures  planned  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  all  identified  risks,  should  they 
materialize, which must be implemented by the CDP or the Board of Directors, as the case may be. 

The CRC also monitors the procedures, tools and measurement indicators of those risks established at a Group 
level in order to have a comprehensive view of the risks of BBVA and its Group, and monitors compliance with 
the regulation and supervisory requirements in terms of risks. 

 
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The CRC is also responsible for analyzing those project-related risks that are considered strategic for the Group 
or corporate transactions that are going to be submitted to the Board of Directors of the CDP, within its scope of 
competence. 

In  addition,  it  contributes  to  the  setting  of  the  remuneration  policy,  checking  that  it  is  compatible  with  an 
appropriate and efficient management of risks and that it does not provide incentives to take risks breaching the 
level tolerated by the Bank. 

In 2019, the CRC has held 21 meetings. 

Lastly, the CRC ensures the promotion of the risk culture in the Group. 

 

Executive Committee (CDP) 

In  order  to  have  a  complete  and  comprehensive  view  of  the  progress  of  the  businesses  of  the  Group  and  its 
business units, the CDP monitors the evolution of the risk profile and the core metrics defined by the Board of 
Directors, being aware of any potential deviation or breach of the metrics of the Risk Appetite Framework and 
implementing, when applicable, the appropriate measures, as explained in this Model. 

In addition, the CDP is responsible for proposing the basis for developing the Risk Appetite Framework, which 
will  be  established  in  coordination  with  the  rest  of  prospective/strategic  decisions  of  the  Bank  (e.g.,  the 
Strategic Plan, the Annual Budget and the capital and liquidity planning), in addition to the rest of management 
objectives. 

Lastly,  the  CDP  is  the  committee  supporting  the  Board  of  Directors  in  decisions  related  to  business  risk  and 
reputational risk, according to the dispositions set out in its own charter. 

Chief Risk Officer of the Group 

The Group’s Chief Risk Officer (CRO) is responsible for the management of all the financial risks of the Group with the 
necessary independence, authority, rank, experience, knowledge and resources. The CRO is appointed by the Board of 
Directors  of  BBVA  and  has  direct  access  to  its  corporate  bodies  (Board  of  Directors,  CDP  and  CRC),  with  the 
corresponding regular reporting on the risk situation in the Group.  

The GRM area has a responsibility as the unit transversal to all the businesses of the BBVA Group. This responsibility is 
part  of  the  structure  of  the  BBVA  Group,  which  is  formed  by  subsidiaries  based  in  different  jurisdictions,  which  have 
autonomy and must comply with their local regulation, but always according to the risk management and control scheme 
designed by BBVA as the parent company of the BBVA Group. 

The Chief Risk Officer of the BBVA Group is responsible for ensuring that those risks of the BBVA Group within the scope 
are managed according to the established model, assuming, among other, the following responsibilities: 

  Prepare,  in  coordination  with  the  rest  of  areas  responsible  for  risks  monitoring  and  control,  and  propose  to 
corporate bodies the risk strategy of the BBVA Group, which includes the Risk Appetite statement of the BBVA 
Group, core (and their respective statements) and by type of risk metrics, and the Model. 

  Define,  in  coordination  with  the  rest  of  areas  responsible  for  risks  monitoring  and  control,  and  propose  to 
corporate bodies the corporate policies for each type of risk within its scope of responsibility and, as part these, 
to establish the required specific regulation. 

  Prepare,  in  coordination  with  the  rest  of  areas  responsible  for  risks  monitoring  and  control,  and  propose  for 
approval, or approving if within its competence, the risk limits for the geographies, business areas and/or legal 
entities,  which  shall  be  consistent  with  the  defined  Risk  Appetite  Framework;  it  is  also  responsible  for  the 
monitoring, supervision and control of risk limits within its scope of responsibility. 

  Submit to the Risk and Compliance Committee the information required to carry out its supervisory and control 

functions. 

  Regular  reporting  to  the  corresponding  corporate  bodies  on  the  situation  of  those  risks  of  the  BBVA  Group 

within its scope of responsibility. 

 

 

 

Identify  and  assess  the  material  risks  faced  by  the  BBVA  Group  within  its  scope  of  responsibility,  with  an 
effective management of those risks and, where necessary, with the implementation of the required mitigation 
measures. 

Early  warning  to  the  relevant  corporate  bodies  and  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  any  material  risk  within  its 
scope of responsibility that could compromise the solvency of the BBVA Group. 

Ensure,  within  its  scope  of  responsibility,  the  integrity  of  measurement  techniques  and  management 
information  systems  and,  in  general,  the  provision  of  models,  tools,  systems  and  resources  to  implement  the 
risk strategy defined by the corporate bodies. 

  Promote  the  risk  culture  of  the  BBVA  Group  to  ensure  the  consistency  of  the  Model  in  the  different  countries 

where it operates, strengthening the cross-cutting model of the risks function. 

For  decision-making  purposes,  the  Chief  Risk  Officer  of  the  Group  has  a  governance  structure  for  the  function  that 
culminates in a support forum, the Global Risk Management Committee (GRMC). This committee is the main executive 

 
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committee  for  those  risks  within  its  competence,  and  its  main  purpose  is  the  development  of  the  strategies,  policies, 
regulation and infrastructure required for identifying, assessing, measuring and managing those material risks within its 
scope  of  responsibility  faced  by  the  Group.  This  committee  is  composed  by  the  Chief  Risk  Officer,  who  chairs  the 
meetings,  and  the  heads  of  the  GRM  corporate  disciplines  of  the  Risk  Management  Group,  the  four  most  relevant 
geographical  risk  areas,  CIB,  South  America  and  Risk  Internal  Control.  The  purpose  of  the  GRMC  is  to  propose  and 
challenge, among other issues, the internal risk regulatory framework and the infrastructures required to identify, assess, 
measure and manage the risks faced by the Group in carrying out its businesses and to approve risk limits by portfolio. 

The GRMC carries out its functions assisted by various support committees which include: 

  Global  Credit  Risk  Management  Committee:  It  is  responsible  for  analyzing  and  decision-making  related  to 

wholesale credit risk admission. 

  Wholesale Credit Risk Management Committee: its purpose is the analysis and decision-making regarding the 

admission of wholesale credit risk of certain customer segments of the BBVA Group. 

  Work  Out  Committee:  its  purpose  is  to  be  informed  about  decisions  taken  under  the  delegation  framework 
regarding  risk  proposals  concerning  clients  on  Watch  List  and  clients  classified  as  NPL  of  certain  customer 
segments of the BBVA Group, as well the sanction of proposals regarding entries, exits and changes of Watch 
List, entries and exits in non-performing unlikely to pay and turns to written off. 

  Asset Allocation Committee: The executive authority responsible for analyzing and deciding on credit risk issues 
related to processes aimed at achieving a portfolios combination and composition that, under the restrictions 
imposed by the Risk Appetite framework, allows to maximize the risk adjusted return on equity. 

  Risk  Models  Management  Committee:  It  ensures  an  appropriate  decision-making  process  regarding  the 
planning,  development,  implementation,  use,  validation  and  monitoring  of  the  models  required  to  achieve  an 
appropriate management of the Model Risk in the BBVA Group. 

  Global Markets Risk Unit Global Committee: It is responsible for formalizing, supervising and communicating the 
monitoring of  trading desk risk in all the Global Markets business units,  as well as coordinating and approving 
GMRU key decisions activity, and developing and proposing to GRMC the corporate regulation of the unit. 

  Operational Risk and Product Governance Corporate Admission Committee: It is responsible for performing the 
adequate  evaluation  of  initiatives  with  a  significant  operational  risk  (new  business,  products,  outsourcing, 
process  transformation,  new  systems….)  under  the  perspective  of  operational  risk  and  the  approval  of  the 
budget control area. 

 

It  identifies,  analyzes  and  assesses  the  operational  risks  associated  initiatives  related  with  new  business, 
products or services, outsourcing, process transformation and new systems, prior to its launch. As well, it will 
verify  that  Product  Governance  normative  requirements  are  met  and  will  decide  about  the  insurance  scheme 
(global policies). 

  Retail Credit Risk Committee: It ensures for the analysis, discussion and decision support on all issues regarding 
the retail credit risk management that impact or potentially do in the practices, processes and corporate metrics 
established in the Policies, Rules and Operating Frameworks. 

  Asset  Management  Global  Risk  Steering  Committee:  its  purpose  is  to  develop  and  coordinate  the  strategies, 
policies, procedures, and infrastructure necessary to identify, assess, measure and manage the material risks 
facing the bank in the operation of businesses linked to BBVA Asset Management. 

  Global  Insurance  Risk  Committee: 

is  to  guarantee  and  promote  the  alignment  and  the 
communication  between  all  the  Insurance  Risk  Units  in  the  BBVA  Group.  It  will  do  this  by  promoting  the 
application  of  standardized  principles,  policies,  tools  and  risk  metrics  in  the  different  regions  with  the  aim  of 
maintaining proper integration of insurance risk management in the Group. 

its  purpose 

  COPOR: its purpose is to analyze and make decision in relation to the operations of the various geographies in 

which Global Markets is present. 

Risk units of the corporate area and the business/geographical areas 

The risks function is comprised of risk units from the corporate area, which carry out cross-cutting functions, and of risk 
units of the geographical/business areas. 

 

The  risk  units  of  the  corporate  area  develop  and  submit  to  the  Group’s  Chief  Risk  Officer  (CRO)  the  different 
elements  required  to  define  the  proposal  for  the  Group's  Risk  Appetite  Framework,  the  corporate  policies, 
regulation and global infrastructures within the operating framework approved by corporate bodies; they ensure 
their application and report directly or through the Group’s Chief Risk Officer (CRO) to the corporate bodies of 
BBVA.  With  regard  to  non-financial  risks  and  reputational  risk,  which  are  entrusted  tu  Regulation  &  Internal 
Control and Communications & Responsible Business respectively, the corporate units of GRM will coordinate, 
with  the  corresponding  corporate  units  of  those  areas,  the  development  of  the  elements  that  should  be 
integrated into the Appetite Framework of the Group. 

 

The  risk  units  of  the  business  and/or  geographical  areas  develop  and  submit  to  the  Chief  Risk  Officer  of  the 
geographical  and/or  business  areas  the  Risk  Appetite  Framework  proposal  applicable  in  each  geography 

 
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and/or business area, independently and always according to the Group's strategy/Risk Appetite Framework. In 
addition,  they  ensure  the  application  of  corporate  policies  and  rules  with  the  necessary  adaptations,  when 
applicable,  to  local  requirements,  providing  the  appropriate  infrastructures  for  risk  management  and  control 
purposes, within the global risk infrastructure framework defined by the corporate areas, and reporting to the 
corresponding  corporate  bodies  and  senior  management,  as  applicable.  With  regard  to  Non-financial  risks, 
which are integrated in the Regulation & Internal Control area, the local risk units will coordinate, with the unit 
responsible  for  the  local  management  of  this  risk,  the  development  of  the  elements  that  should  be  integrated 
into the local Risk Appetite Framework. 

Thus, the local risk units work with  the risk  units of the corporate area with the aim of  adapting  themselves to the  risk 
strategy at Group level and pooling all the information required to monitor the evolution of their risks.  

As previously mentioned, the risks function has a decision-making process supported by a structure of committees, and 
also a top-level committee, the GRMC, whose composition and functions are described in section “Corporate Bodies of 
BBVA”. 

Each  geographical  and/or  business  area  has  its  own  risk  management  committee(s),  with  objectives  and  contents 
similar to those of the corporate area. These committees perform their duties consistently and in line with corporate risk 
policies and rules, and its decisions are reflected in the corresponding minutes.  

Under this organizational scheme, the risks function ensures the integration and application throughout the Group of the 
risk  strategy,  the  regulatory  framework,  the  infrastructures  and  standardized  risk  controls.  It  also  benefits  from  the 
knowledge  and  proximity  to  customers  in  each  geographical  and/or  business  area,  and  conveys  the  corporate  risk 
culture to the Group's different levels. Moreover, this organization enables the risks function to conduct and report to the 
corporate bodies an integrated monitoring and control of the risks of the entire Group. 

Chief Risk Officers of geographical and/or business areas 

The  risks  function  is  cross-cutting,  i.e.  it  is  present  in  all  of  the  Group's  geographical  and/or  business  areas  through 
specific risk units. Each of these units is headed by a Chief Risk Officer for the geographical and/or business area who, 
within  the  relevant  scope  of  responsibility,  carries  out  risk  management  and  control  functions  and  is  responsible  for 
applying the corporate policies and rules approved at Group level in a consistent manner, adapting them if necessary to 
local requirements and with the subsequent reporting to local corporate bodies. 

The  Chief  Risk  Officers  of  the  geographical  and/or  business  areas  have  functional  reporting  to  the  Group's  Chief  Risk 
Officer  and  hierarchical  reporting  to  the  head  of  their  geographical  and/or  business  area.  This  dual  reporting  system 
aims to ensure the independence of the local risks function from the operating functions and enable its alignment with 
the Group's corporate policies and goals related to risks. 

Risk Internal Control 

The Group has a specific Risk Internal Control unit, within the Regulation & Internal Control area, that, among other tasks, 
independently  challenges  and  control  the  regulation  and  governance  structure  in  terms  of  financial  risks  and  its 
implementation and deployment in GRM, in addition to the challenge of the development and implementation of financial 
risks control and management processes. In addition, it is also responsible for validating the risk models. 

For this purpose, it has 3 subunits: Risk Internal Control, Risks Technical Secretariat and Risk Internal Validation. 

  Risk Internal Control. It is responsible for challenging an appropriate development of the functions of GRM units, 
and for reviewing that the functioning of financial risks management and control processes is appropriate and in 
line with the corresponding regulation, identifying potential opportunities for improvement and contributing to 
the design of the action plans to be implemented by the responsible units. 

  Risks  Technical  Secretariat.  It  is  responsible  for  the  definition,  design  and  management  of  the  principles, 
policies, criteria and processes through which the regulatory risk framework is developed, processed, reported 
and  disclosed  to  the  countries;  and  for  the  coordination,  monitoring  and  assessment  of  its  consistency  and 
completeness. In addition, it coordinates the definition and structure of Risks Committees, and monitors their 
proper  functioning,  in  order  to  ensure  that  all  risk  decisions  are  taken  through  an  adequate  governance  and 
structure,  ensuring  their  traceability.  It  also  provides  to  the  CRC  the  technical  support  required  in  terms  of 
financial risks for a better performance of its functions. 

  Risk Internal Validation. It is responsible for validating  the risks models. In this regard, it effectively challenges 
the  relevant  models  used  to  manage  and  control  the  risks  faced  by  the  Group,  as  an  independent  third  party 
from those developing or using the models in order to ensure its accuracy, robustness and stability. This review 
process is not restricted to the approval process, or to the introduction of changes in the models, but it is a plan 
to make a regular assessment of those models, with the subsequent issue of recommendations and actions to 
mitigate identified weaknesses. 

The Head of Risk Internal Control of the Group is responsible for the function and the reporting of the activities and work 
plans to the Head of Regulation & Internal Control and to the CRC, with the corresponding support in the issues required.  

 
In  addition,  the  risk  internal  control  function  is  global  and  transversal,  it  includes  all  types  of  financial  risks  and  has 
specific units in all geographical and/or business areas, with functional reporting to the Head of Risk Internal Control of 
the Group. 

128 

Risk Appetite Framework 

Elements and development 

The Group's Risk Appetite Framework approved by the corporate bodies determines the risks and the risk level that the 
Group  is  willing  to  assume  to  achieve  its  business  objectives  considering  the  organic  evolution  of  business.  They  are 
expressed  in  terms  of  solvency,  liquidity  and  funding  and  profitability  and  income  recurrence,  which  are  reviewed 
periodically and in case of material changes in the business strategy of the entity or relevant corporate transactions. 

The Risk Appetite Framework is expressed through the following elements: 

  Risk Appetite Statement: sets out the general principles of the Group's risk strategy and the target risk profile: 

The BBVA Group aims to promote a multichannel and responsible universal banking business model, based on 
values,  committed  to  sustainable  development  and  operational  excellence  and  focused  on  our  customers’ 
needs. 

To achieve these goals, the BBVA risk model is oriented to maintaining a moderate risk profile, a robust financial 
position and a sound risk-adjusted profitability through-the-cycle, as the best way to face adverse environments 
without jeopardizing our strategic goals. 

Risk  Management  at  BBVA  is  based  on  prudent  management,  an  integral  view  of  all  risks,  a  portfolio 
diversification by geography, asset class and client segment and keeping a long-term relationship with the client; 
thereby contributing to sustainable and profitable growth and recurrent value creation. 

  Statements  and  core  metrics:  based  on  the  appetite  statement,  statements  are  established  that  specify  the 
general  principles  of  risk  management  in  terms  of  solvency,  liquidity  and  funding  and  profitability  and  income 
recurrence. Moreover, the core metrics reflect, in quantitative terms, the principles and the target risk profile set 
out in the Risk Appetite statement. Each core metric has three thresholds ranging from usual management of 
the businesses to higher levels of impairment:  
o  Management reference: reference that determines a comfortable management level for the Group.  
o  Maximum appetite: maximum level of risk that the Group is willing to accept in its ordinary activity. 
o  Maximum  capacity:  maximum  risk  level  that  the  Group  could  assume  which,  for  some  metrics,  is 

associated with regulatory requirements. 

  Statements  and  metrics  by  type  of  risk:  based  on  the  core  metrics  and  their  thresholds  for  each  type  of  risk, 
statements  are  established  that  set  out  the  general  management  principles  for  that  risk  and  a  number  of 
metrics  are  determined,  whose  observance  enables  compliance  with  the  core  metrics  and  the  Group's  Risk 
Appetite statement. These metrics have a maximum risk appetite threshold.  

In addition to this Framework, there is a level of management limits that is defined and managed by the areas responsible 
for the management of each type of risk in the development of the structure of metrics by type of risk, in order to ensure 
that  the  early  management  of  risks  complies  with  that  structure  and,  in  general,  with  the  established  Risk  Appetite 
Framework. 

Each significant geographical area3 has its own Risk Appetite framework, consisting of its local Risk Appetite statement, 
core  metrics  and  statements,  metrics  and  statements  by  type  of  risk,  which  must  be  consistent  with  those  set  at  the 
Group level, but adapted to their own reality. These are approved by the corresponding corporate bodies of each entity. 
This Appetite Framework is deployed through a structure of limits consistent with the above. 

The  corporate  risks  area  works  with  the  various  geographical  and/or  business  areas  to  define  their  Risk  Appetite 
Framework, so that it is coordinated with, and integrated into, the Group's Risk Appetite Framework, making sure that its 
profile is in line with the one defined. Moreover, and for the purposes of monitoring at local level, the Chief Risks Officer of 
the geographical and/or business area regularly reports on the evolution of the metrics of the Local Appetite Framework 
to  the corporate bodies, as  well as to  the relevant top-level local committees, following a scheme similar  to  that of the 
Group, in accordance with its own corporate governance systems.  

Within the issuing process of the Risk Appetite Framework of the Risks area (GRM), Risk Internal Control carries out an 
effective  challenge  of  the  Framework  before  being  submitted  to  corporate  bodies  for  analysis  and,  where  applicable, 
approval. 

 3 For the purposes of this model, significant is any geography representing more than 1% of the assets or operating income of the BBVA Group. 

 
 
                                                                    
129 

Monitoring of the Risk Appetite Framework and management of breaches 

So that corporate bodies can develop the risk functions of the Group, the heads of risks at an executive level will regularly 
report (or more frequently in the case of the CRC, within its scope of responsibility) on the evolution of the metrics of the 
Risk  Appetite  Framework  of  the  Group,  with  the  sufficient  granularity  and  detail,  in  order  to  check  the  degree  of 
compliance of the risks strategy set out in the Risk Appetite Framework of the Group approved by the Board of Directors. 

If,  through  the  monitoring  of  the  metrics  and  supervision  of  the  Risk  Appetite  Framework  by  the  executive  areas,  a 
relevant deviation or breach of the maximum appetite levels of the metrics is identified, that situation must be reported 
and, where applicable, the corresponding corrective measures must be submitted to the CRC. 

After the relevant review by the CRC, the deviation must be reported to the CDP –as part of its role in the monitoring of 
the evolution of the risk profile of the Group– and to the Board of Directors, which will be responsible, when applicable, 
for  implementing  the  corresponding  executive  measures.  For  this  purpose,  the  CRC  will  submit  to  the  corresponding 
corporate bodies all the information received and the proposals prepared by the executive areas, together with its own 
analysis. 

Notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  once  the  information  has  been  analyzed  and  the  proposal  of  corrective  measures  has 
been  reviewed  by  the  CRC,  the  CDP  may  adopt,  on  grounds  of  urgency  and  under  the  terms  established  by  law, 
measures corresponding the Board of Directors, but always reporting those measures to the Board of Directors in the 
first meeting held after the implementation for ratification purposes. 

In any case, an appropriate monitoring process will be established –with a greater information frequency and granularity, 
if  required–  regarding  the  evolution  of  the  breached  or  deviated  metric,  and  the  implementation  of  the  corrective 
measures, until it has been completely redressed, with the corresponding reporting to corporate bodies, in accordance 
with its risks monitoring, supervision and control functions. 

Integration of the Risk Appetite Framework into the management 

The transfer of the Risk Appetite Framework to ordinary management is underpinned by three basic elements: 

1.  The  existence  of  a  consistent  regulatory  framework:  the  corporate  risks  area  defines  and  proposes  the 
corporate  policies  within  its  scope  of  action,  and  develops  the  additional  internal  regulation  required  for  the 
development  of  those  policies  and  the  operating  frameworks  on  the  basis  of  which  risk  decisions  must  be 
adopted within the Group. The approval of the corporate policies for all types of risks is a responsibility of the 
corporate  bodies  of  BBVA,  while  the  rest  of  regulation  is  defined  at  an  executive  level  according  to  the 
framework  of  competences  applicable  at  any  given  time.  The  risks  units  of  the  geographical  and/or  business 
areas  comply  with  this  regulation  and  performing,  where  necessary,  the  relevant  adaptation  to  local 
requirements, in order to have a decision-making process that is appropriate at local level and aligned with the 
Group's policies.  

2.  Risk  planning,  which  ensures  the  integration  into  the  management  of  the  Risk  Appetite  Framework  through  a 
cascade process established to set limits adjusted to the target risk profile. The risks units of the corporate area 
and of the geographical and/or business areas are responsible for ensuring the alignment of this process with 
the  Group's  Risk  Appetite  Framework  in  terms  of  solvency,  liquidity  and  funding  and  profitability  and  income 
recurrence. 

3.  A  comprehensive  management  of  risks  during  their  life  cycle,  based  on  differentiated  treatment  according  to 

their type. 

Assessment, monitoring and reporting 

Assessment,  monitoring  and  reporting  is  a  cross-cutting  function  at  Group  level.  This  function  ensures  that  the  model 
has a dynamic and proactive vision to enable compliance with the Risk Appetite Framework approved by the corporate 
bodies, even in adverse scenarios.  

This  process  is  integrated  in  the  activity  of  the  risk  units,  both  of  the  corporate  area  and  in  the  geographical  and/or 
business  units,  together  with  the  units  specialized  in  non-financial  risks  and  reputational  risk  within  the  Regulation  & 
Internal Control and Communications & Responsible Business areas respectively, in order to generate a comprehensive 
and single view of the risk profile of the Group. 

This process is developed through the following phases: 

  Monitoring  of  the  identified  risk  factors  that  can  compromise  the  performance  of  the  Group  or  of  the 

geographical and/or business areas in relation to the defined risk thresholds. 

  Assessment of the impact of the materialization of the risk factors on the metrics that define the Risk Appetite 

Framework based on different scenarios, including stress testing scenarios. 

 
 
130 

  Response to unwanted situations and proposals for redressing measures to the corresponding levels, in order to 

enable a dynamic management of the situation, even before it takes place. 

  Monitoring  the  Group's  risk  profile  and  the  identified  risk  factors,  through  internal,  competitor  and  market 

indicators, among others, to anticipate their future development.  

  Reporting:  complete  and  reliable  information  on  the  evolution  of  risks  to  corporate  bodies  and  senior 
management,  with  the  frequency  and  completeness  appropriate  to  the  nature,  significance  and  complexity  of 
the reported risks. The principle of transparency governs all the risk information reporting process. 

Infrastructure 

For the implementation of the Model, the Group has the resources required for an effective management and supervision 
of risks and for achieving its goals. In this regard, the Group's risks function: 

  Has  the  appropriate  human  resources  in  terms  of  number,  ability,  knowledge  and  experience.  The  profile  of 
resources will  evolve over time based on the specific needs of GRM and Regulation  & Internal Control, always 
with a high analytical and quantitative capacity as the main feature in the profile of those resources. Likewise, 
the corresponding units of the geographical and/or business areas ensure they have sufficient means from the 
resources,  structures  and  tools  perspective  in  order  to  achieve  a  risk  management  process  aligned  with  the 
corporate model. 

  Develops  the  appropriate  methodologies  and  models  for  the  measurement  and  management  of  the  different 

risk profiles, and the assessment of the capital required to take those risks. 

  Has  the  technological  systems  required  to:  support  the  risk  appetite  framework  in  its  broadest  definition; 
calculate and measure the variables and specific data of the risk function; support risk management according 
to  this  Model;  and  provide  an  environment  for  storing  and  using  the  data  required  for  risk  management 
purposes and reporting to supervisory bodies.  

  Promotes  an  adequate  data  governance  to  ensure  solid  quality  standards  in  the  processes  aligned  with  the 

relevant internal regulation. 

Within the risk functions, both the profiles and the infrastructure and data shall have a global and consistent approach. 

The  human  resources  among  the  countries  must  be  equivalent,  ensuring  a  consistent  operation  of  the  risk  function 
within the Group. However, they will be distinguished from those of the corporate area, as the latter will be more focused 
on the conceptualization of appetite frameworks, operating frameworks, the definition of the regulatory framework and 
the development of models, among other tasks. 

As in the case of the human resources, technological platforms must be global, thus enabling the implementation of the 
risk appetite framework and the standardized management of the risk life cycle among all countries. 

The corporate area is responsible for deciding on the platforms and for defining the knowledge and roles of the human 
resources. It is also responsible for defining risk data governance. 

The foregoing is reported to the corporate bodies of BBVA so they can ensure that the Group has the appropriate means, 
systems, structures and resources. 

Risk culture 

The  BBVA  Group  promotes  the  development  of  a  risk  culture  based  on  the  observance  and  understanding  of  values, 
attitudes, and behaviors that allow the compliance with the regulations and frameworks that contribute to an appropriate 
risk management.  

At BBVA the  Risk Governance Model is characterized by  a special involvement of social bodies, as they define the risk 
culture that permeates the rest of the organization and has the following main elements: 

  Our  Purpose  which  defines our  reason  to  be  and  with  our  values  and  behaviors  guide  the  performance  of  our 

organization and the people who are part of it. 

  The Risk Appetite Framework which determines the risks and levels of risks that the Group is willing to assume 

in order to fulfill its goals. 

  The Code of Conduct establishes the behavior guidelines that we must follow to adjust our behavior to the BBVA 

values. 

The Risk Culture at BBVA is based on these levers: 

  Communication: The BBVA Group promotes the dissemination of the principles and values that should govern 
the conduct and risk management in a comprehensive and consistent manner. To do this, the most appropriate 
channels of communication are used, to allow for the Risk culture to be integrated into the business activities at 
all levels of the organization. 

 
  Training:  The  BBVA  Group  favors  the  understanding  of  the  values,  risk  management  model,  and  the  code  of 

conduct in all scenarios, ensuring standards in skills and knowledge. 

  Motivation: The BBVA Group aims to define incentives for BBVA employees that support the risk culture at all 
levels. Among these incentives, the role of the Compensation policy and incentive programs stand out, as well 
as  implementation  of  risk  culture  control  mechanisms,  including  the  complaint  channels  and  the  disciplinary 
committees. 

  Monitoring:  The  BBVA  Group  pursues  at  the  highest  levels  of  the  organization  a  continuous  evaluation  and 
monitoring of the risk culture to guarantee its implementation and identification of areas for improvement. 

131 

 
 
 
132 

Credit risk 

Positive performance of BBVA Group's risk metrics in 2019: 

  Credit risk increased by 1.9% in 2019. At constant exchange rates the growth was 1.7%, where the decrease in 
Spain was offset by growth in the other business areas. In the fourth quarter credit risk increased 0.9% (up 2.1% 
at constant exchange rates) Growth was particularly strong in Spain and Mexico; and in the United States and 
Turkey, at constant exchange rates.   

  The balance of non-performing loans fell by 2.1% in 2019 (down 2.2 at constant exchange rates), primarily due 
to the sale of non-performing loan portfolios in Spain, partially offsetting the growth in Turkey and, to a lesser 
extent, in Mexico. In the fourth quarter if fell by 2.1% (down 0.7% at constant exchange rates). 

  The NPL ratio stood at 3.8% at the end of 2019 a decrease of 12 basis points compared to September and of 15 

basis points in t the year. 
 
Loan-loss provisions increased by 2.6% in the last twelve months (up 3.5% at constant exchange rates). 
  The NPL coverage ratio closed at 77%, which was an improvement of 349 basis points compared to the close 

of 2018. 

  The cumulative cost of risk stood at 1.04% at the end of 2019, in line with the end of 2018. 

NON-PERFORMING LOANS AND PROVISIONS 
(MILLONS OF EUROS) 

CREDIT RISK (1) (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Credit risk 

Non-performing loans  

Provisions 

31-12-19 (2)  30-09-19 (2) 
438,177 

441,964 

30-06-19 
434,955 

16,730 

12,817 

17,092 

12,891 

16,706 

12,468 

31-03-19 
439,152 

17,297 

12,814 

31-12-18 
433,799 

17,087 

12,493 

NPL ratio (%) 
NPL coverage ratio (%) (3) 
(1) Include gross loans and advances to customers plus guarantees given. 
(2) Figures without considering the classification of non-current assets held for sale (NCA&L). 
(3) The NPL coverage ratio includes the valuation adjustments for credit risk during the expected residual life of those financial instruments which have been acquired (mainly 
originated from the acquisition of Catalunya Banc, S.A., see Note 7 of the consolidated Financial Statements). Excluding these allowances, the NPL coverage ratio would stand at 74% 
in 2019 and 70% in 2018.  

74 

75 

75 

77 

73 

3.8 

3.9 

3.9 

3.8 

3.9 

NON-PERFORMING LOANS EVOLUTION (MILLIONS OF EUROS) 

Beginning balance 

Entries 

Recoveries 

Net variation  

Write-offs 
Exchange rate differences and 
other 
Period-end balance 

Memorandum item: 
Non-performing loans 
Non performing guarantees 
given 
(1) Preliminary data.  

4Q19 (1) (2) 
17,092 

2,484 

(1,509) 

975 

(1,074) 

(262) 

16,730 

15,954 

777 

3Q19 (2) 
16,706 

2,565 

(1,425) 

1,139 

(991) 

237 

17,092 

16,337 

755 

2Q19 
17,297 

2,458 

(1,531) 

927 

(958) 

(561) 

16,706 

15,999 

707 

1Q19 
17,087 

2,353 

(1,409) 

944 

(775) 

41 

17,297 

16,559 

738 

4Q18 
17,693 

3,019 

(1,560) 

1,459 

(1,693) 

(372) 

17,087 

16,348 

739 

(2) Figures without considering the classification of non-current assets held for sale (NCA&L). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
133 

Market risk 

For futher information, see Note 7.2 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Structural risks 

Structural interest rate risk 

The aim of managing interest-rate risk is to limit the sensitivity of the balance sheets to interest rate fluctuations. BBVA 
carries  out  this  work  through  an  internal  procedure  following  the  guidelines  established  by  the  European  Banking 
Authority  (EBA),  which  measures  the  sensitivity  of  net  interest  income  and  economic  value  to  determine  the  potential 
impact of a range of scenarios on the Group's different balance sheets. 

The  model  is  based  on  assumptions  intended  to  realistically  mimic  the  behavior  of  the  balance  sheet.  Of  particular 
relevance  are  assumptions  regarding  the  behavior  of  accounts  with  no  explicit  maturity  and  prepayment  estimates. 
These assumptions are reviewed and adapted at least once a year to take into account any changes in behavior. 

BBVA maintains, at the aggregate level, a favorable position in net interest income in the event of an increase in interest 
rates, as well as a moderate risk profile, in line with its target, through effective management of structural balance sheet 
risk. 

By area, the main features of the balance sheets are: 

  Spain and the United States have balance sheets characterized by a high proportion of variable-rate loans in the 
loan  portfolio  (basically,  mortgages  in  Spain  and  corporate  lending  in  both  countries)  and  liability  composed 
mainly  of  customer  deposits.  The  ALCO  portfolios  act  as  hedges  for  the  bank's  balance  sheet,  mitigating  its 
sensitivity  to  interest  rate  fluctuations.  The  profile  of  both  balances  remained  stable  during  2019,  with  a 
moderate reduction in the sensitivity of net interest income to lower interest rates in the two business areas.  

 

 

 

In  Mexico,  the  balance  shown  throughout  2019  between  the  balances  referenced  at  the  fixed  and  variable 
interest rates was maintained. In terms of the assets most sensitive to interest rate fluctuations, the corporate 
portfolio stands out, while consumer loans and mortgages are mostly at a fixed rate. The ALCO portfolio is used 
to neutralize the longer duration  of customer deposits. The sensitivity  of the interest  margin remained limited 
and stable during 2019. 

In Turkey, the interest rate risk (between the Turkish lira and US dollars) was very limited: on the asset side, the 
sensitivity  of  loans,  mostly  fixed-rate  but  with  relatively  short  maturities  and  the  ALCO  portfolio,  including 
inflation-linked  bonds,  is  balanced  by  the  sensitivity  of  deposits,  which  are  re-priced  in  the  short  term,  in 
liabilities.  The  evolution  of  the  currency  balance  sheets  was  positive  in  the  year,  showing  a  reduction  in  the 
sensitivity of the net interest income. 

In South America, the interest rate risk remained low due to the fixed/variable composition and maturities being 
very similar for assets and liabilities in most countries in the region. In addition, in balance sheets with several 
currencies,  interest  rate  risk  is  managed  for  each  of  the  currencies,  showing  a  very  low  level  of  risk.  Balance 
sheet profiles in the countries that make up this business area remain stable, maintaining a bounded and near-
constant net interest income sensitivity throughout 2019. 

Structural foreign exchange rate risk 

Foreign  exchange  risk  management  of  BBVA's  long-term  investments,  principally  stemming  from  its  overseas 
franchises, aims to preserve the Group's capital adequacy ratios and ensure the stability of its income statement. 

In  2019,  the  Argentine  peso  (-36%)  and  the  Turkish  lira  (-9%)  depreciated  against  the  euro,  while  the  Mexican  peso 
(+6%) and the US dollar (+2%) appreciated on a year-on-year basis. BBVA has maintained its policy of actively hedging 
its  main  investments  in  emerging  markets,  covering  on  average  between  30%  and  50%  of  the  annual  earnings  and 
around 70% of the excess CET1 capital ratio. Based on this policy, the sensitivity of the CET1 ratio to a depreciation of 
10% against the euro of the main emerging-market currencies stood at -4 basis points for the Mexican peso and -2 basis 
points  for  the  Turkish  lira.  In  the  case  of  the  US  dollar,  the  sensitivity  to  a  depreciation  of  10%  against  the  euro  is 
approximately +11 basis points, as a result of RWAs denominated in US dollars outside the United States. The coverage 
level for the expected earnings for 2020 is currently 24% for Mexico and 20% for Turkey. 

Structural equity risk 

For futher information, see Note 7.3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

 
 
 
134 

Liquidity and funding risk 

Management of liquidity and funding at BBVA aims to finance the recurring growth of the banking business at suitable 
maturities and costs, using a wide range of instruments that provide access to a large number of alternative sources of 
financing, always in compliance with current regulatory requirements. 

Due to its subsidiary-based management model, BBVA is one of the few major European banks that follows the Multiple 
Point  of  Entry  (MPE)  resolution  strategy:  the  parent  company  sets  the  liquidity  policies,  but  the  subsidiaries  are  self-
sufficient  and  responsible  for  managing  their  own  liquidity,  (taking  deposits  or  accessing  the  market  with  their  own 
rating),  without  fund  transfers  or  financing  occurring  between  either  the  parent  company  and  the  subsidiaries,  or 
between the different subsidiaries. This strategy limits the spread of a liquidity crisis among the Group's different areas, 
and ensures that the cost of liquidity and financing is correctly reflected in the price formation process. 

The  financial  soundness  of  the  BBVA  Group's  banking  companies  continues  to  be  based  on  the  funding  of  lending 
activity,  fundamentally  through  the  use  of  stable  customer  funds.  During  2019,  liquidity  conditions  remained  strong 
across all countries in which the BBVA Group operates: 

 

 

 

 

 

In the eurozone, the liquidity situation remains strong, with a slight increase in the credit gap over the course of 
the year. In December, BBVA participated in the second liquidity auction of the European Central Bank's long-
term  loan  program,  TLTRO  III,  due  to  its  favorable  conditions  in  terms  of  cost  and  term.  In  this  respect,  the 
corresponding part of the TLTRO II program was amortized.  

In the United  States, the liquidity situation is sound. In 2019, there was a decrease in the credit gap, primarily 
due  to  the  increase  in  deposits,  as  a  result  of  deposit-taking  campaigns  and  a  slowdown  in  lending  activity.  It 
should  be  noted  that  the  very  short  term  tensions  that  occurred  in  the  United  States  repo  market  during  the 
second half of the year, which forced the Federal Reserve to act by providing liquidity, had no impact on BBVA 
USA due to its low dependence on this type of transaction and the maintenance of an adequate liquidity buffer. 

In Mexico, the liquidity situation remains strong, despite a slight increase in the credit gap during the year due to 
a  higher  growth  in  credit  investment  compared  to  deposits.  The  liquidity  situation  reflects  the  measures  that 
management carried out during the year to increase deposits, especially in foreign currency, under the pressure 
of strong competition.  

In  Turkey,  a  good  liquidity  situation  is  maintained,  despite  the  wholesale  financing  maturities  recorded  during 
the  year,  with  an  adequate  buffer  in  the  event  of  a  possible  liquidity  stress  scenario.  The  credit  gap  improved 
during  the  year  on  both  balance  sheets,  due  to  the  reduction  of  loans  versus  the  growth  of  foreign  currency 
deposits, while in local currency, there is a higher growth of deposits compared to loan growth.  

In  South  America,  the  liquidity  situation  remains  strong  throughout  the  region.  In  Argentina,  the  high  volatility 
generated in the markets during the mid-year electoral process, resulted in an outflow of US dollar deposits in 
the banking system. The rate of outflows, however, had been substantially contained by the end of the year, and 
even experienced slight inflows. In this context, BBVA Argentina successfully dealt with this situation, relying on 
the solid liquidity position it maintained, as shown by the adequate liquidity ratios. 

The BBVA Group's liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) remained well above 100% throughout 2019 and stood at 129% as of 
December 31, 2019. It comfortably exceeded 100% in all subsidiaries (eurozone 147%, Mexico 147%, the United States 
145%  and  Turkey  206%).  For  the  calculation  of  this  ratio,  it  is  assumed  that  there  is  no  transfer  of  liquidity  among 
subsidiaries;  i.e.  no  kind  of  excess  liquidity  levels  in  foreign  subsidiaries  are  considered  in  the  calculation  of  the 
consolidated  ratio.  When  considering  these  excess  liquidity  levels,  the  BBVA  Group's  LCR  would  stand  at  158%  (29 
percentage points above 129%).  

The  Net  Stable  Funding  Ratio  (NSFR),  defined  as  the  ratio  between  the  amount  of  stable  funding  available  and  the 
amount of stable funding required, is one of the Basel Committee's essential reforms, and requires banks to maintain a 
stable funding profile in relation to the composition of their assets and off-balance-sheet activities. This ratio should be at 
least 100% at all times. At the BBVA Group, the NSFR, calculated according to the Basel requirements, remained above 
100% throughout 2019 and  stood at 120% as of December 31, 2019. It  comfortably exceeded 100% in all subsidiaries 
(eurozone 113%, Mexico 130%, the United States 116% and Turkey 151%). 

The wholesale financing markets in which the Group operates remained stable. 

The main transactions carried out by companies that form part of the BBVA Group during 2019 were: 

  BBVA, S.A. issued three senior non-preferred debt instruments. The first was a €1,000m, five year term bond 
with  a  fixed  annual  coupon  of  1.125%,  d;  the  second,  in  the  form  of  a  green  bond  (second  after  the  inaugural 
bond issued in May 2018), also amounted to €1,000m, with an annual coupon of 1% and a seven-year term; and 
the third one was issued in September for €1,000m over a five-year period with a coupon of 0.375%, being the 
lowest coupon achieved by a senior non-preferential debt issue in Spain and the lowest paid by BBVA for senior 
debt  (preferred  and  non-preferred).  In  November,  BBVA  issued  a  €1,000m  seven-year  preferred  senior  debt 
instrument with a 0.375% coupon. 

 
135 

In  addition,  in  January  2020,  BBVA,  S.A.  issued  a  €1,250m  seven-year  senior  non-preferred  debt  ars  with  a 
coupon of 0.5%; the lowest achieved by a Spanish issuer of this product with this maturity. 

In regards to capital issuances, BBVA, S.A. conducted three public capital issuances: the issuance of preferred 
securities  that  may  be  converted  into  ordinary  BBVA  shares  (CoCos),  registered  with  the  Spanish  Securities 
Market Commission (CNMV) for €1,000m, with an annual coupon of 6.0% and an amortization option as of the 
fifth year; another issuance of CoCos, registered with the SEC, for USD 1,000m and a coupon of 6.5% with an 
amortization  option  after  five  and  a  half  years;  and  a  Tier  2  subordinated  debt  issuance  of  €750m,  with  a 
maturity period of ten years and an amortization option in the fifth year and a coupon of 2.575%. 

In January 2020, BBVA, S.A. issued €1,000m of Tier 2 subordinated debt over a ten-year period, with an option 
of early amortization in the fifth year, and a coupon of 1%. 

In addition, during 2019 the early amortization option of the CoCos issuance in the amount of €1,500m with a 
coupon  of  7%  and  issued  in  February  2014,  was  executed,  and  in  February  2020,  the  amortization  of  the 
€1,500m CoCos issued in February 2015 with a coupon of 6.75%, was announced; a Tier 2 subordinated debt 
issuance for €1,500m with a coupon of 3.5% and issued in April 2014, was also amortized. In June 2019, BBVA, 
S.A.,  as  the  universal  successor  to  Unnim  Banc,  S.A.U.,  exercised  the  early  amortization  of  the  issuance  of 
subordinated  bonds,  originally  issued  by  Caixa  d'Estalvis  de  Sabadell,  for  an  outstanding  nominal  amount  of 
€4,878,000. 

In the United States, BBVA USA, during the third quarter of the year, issued USD 600m senior bond with a five-
year maturity and 2.5% coupon. The purpose of this issuance was to renew a maturity of the same amount. 

In Mexico, a €471m senior debt instrument was issued in the second quarter of the year in the local market in 
two  tranches:  €236m  three  year  maturity  at  a  rate  of  TIIE  +28  basis  points  and  a  €236m  8  years  maturity 
referenced  to  Mbono  +80  basis  points,  obtaining  the  lowest  funding  cost  in  the  history  of  the  local  market  in 
both maturities. In the third quarter, a Tier 2 issuance was executed in the amount of USD 750m, with a maturity 
of 15 years, with an early amortization option in the tenth year and a coupon of 5.875%. The funds obtained were 
used  to  carry  out  a  partial  repurchase  of  two  subordinated  issuances  that  were  no  longer  being  calculated  in 
capital (USD 250m with maturity in 2020 and USD 500m with maturity in 2021).  

In  Turkey,  Garanti  BBVA,  in  the  first  quarter  of  the  year,  issued  a  Diversified  Payment  Rights  (DPR) 
securitization for USD 150m with a five year maturity. It also renewed syndicated loans for USD 784m in the first 
half of the year and USD 800m in the second half of the year. Garanti obtained financing for an amount of USD 
322m  through  a  bilateral  loan  and  issued  a  USD  50m  green  bond  in  December.  Additional  bilateral  funds  for 
USD 110m were also signed in December 2019. 

In South America, during 2019, BBVA Peru issued an equivalent amount of €116m, of which, €66m were issued 
during  the  last  quarter  of  the  year.  While  BBVA  Argentina  issued  marketable  bonds  on  the  local  market  for 
approximately  €53m  (€29m  in  the  last  quarter  of  the  year,  after  the  change  of  government).  In  Chile,  Forum 
issued a bond on the local market for an amount equivalent to €107m in the first half of 2019. 

 

 

 

 

Operational Risk 

BBVA defines operational risk (“OR”) as any risk that could result in losses caused by human error; inadequate or flawed 
internal processes; undue conduct with respect to customers, markets or the institution; failures, interruptions or flaws in 
systems or communications; inadequate data management; legal risk; and finally, as a result of external events, including 
cyberattacks, third-party fraud, disasters and defective service provided by suppliers. 

Operational  risk  management  is  oriented  towards  the  identification  of  the  root  causes  to  avoid  their  occurrence  and 
mitigate  possible  consequences.  This  is  carried  out  through  the  establishment  of  mitigation  plans  and  control 
frameworks aimed at minimizing resulting losses and their impact on the recurrent generation of income and the profit of 
the Group. Operational risk management is integrated into the global risk management structure of the BBVA Group. 

This section addresses general aspects of  operational risk management as the main  component  of  non-financial risks. 
However, sections devoted to conduct and compliance risk and to cybersecurity risk management are also included in 
the non-financial information report.  

Operational Risk Management Principles 

The BBVA Group is committed to preferably applying advanced operational risk management models, regardless of the 
capital calculation regulatory model applicable at the time. Operational risk management at the BBVA Group shall: 

 

 Be aligned with the Risk Appetite Framework ratified by the BBVA Board of Directors. 

  Address  BBVA's  management  needs  in  terms  of  compliance  with  legislation,  regulations  and  industry 

standards, as well as the decisions or positioning of BBVA's corporate bodies. 

  Anticipate  the  potential  operational  risk  to  which  the  Group  may  be  exposed  as  a  result  of  the  creation  or 
modification  of  products,  activities,  processes  or  systems,  as  well  as  decisions  regarding  the  outsourcing  or 

 
136 

hiring  of  services,  and  establish  mechanisms  to  assess  and  mitigate  risk  to  a  reasonable  extent  prior  to 
implementation, as well as review the same on a regular basis.  

 

Establish  methodologies  and  procedures  to  enable  regular  reassessment  of  the  significant  operational  risk  to 
which the Group is exposed, in order to adopt appropriate mitigation measures in each case, once the identified 
risk  and  the  cost  of  mitigation  (cost/benefit  analysis)  have  been  considered,  while  safeguarding  the  Group's 
solvency at all times. 

  Promote  the  implementation  of  mechanisms  that  support  careful  monitoring  of  all  sources  of  operational  risk 

and the effectiveness of mitigation and control environments, fostering proactive risk management. 

 

 

 

Examine the causes of any operational events suffered by the Group and establish means to prevent the same, 
provided that the cost/benefit analysis so recommends. To this end, procedures must be in place to evaluate 
operational events and mechanisms and to record the operational losses that may be caused by the same. 

Evaluate key public events that have generated operational risk losses at other institutions in the financial sector 
and support, where appropriate, the implementation of measures as required to prevent them from occurring at 
the Group. 

Identify, analyze and attempt to quantify events with a low probability of occurrence and a high impact, which by 
their exceptional nature may not be included in the loss database; or if they are, feature with impacts that are 
not very representative for the purpose of valuing possible mitigation measures. 

  Have an effective system of governance in place, where the functions and responsibilities of the corporate areas 

and bodies involved in operational risk management are clearly defined. 

  Operational  risk  management  must  be  performed  in  coordination  with  management  of  other  risk,  taking  into 

consideration credit or market events that may have an operational origin. 

Operational risk control and management model 

The operational risk management cycle at BBVA is similar to the one implemented for the rest of risks. Its elements are: 

Operational risk management parameters 

Operational risk forms part of the risk appetite framework of the Group and includes three types of metrics and limits:  

 

Economic capital calculated with the operational losses database of the Group and the industry, considering the 
corresponding  diversification  effects  and  the  additional  estimation  of  potential  and  emerging  risks  through 
stress scenarios designed for the main types of risks. The economic capital is regularly calculated for the main 
banks  of  the  Group  and  simulation  capabilities  are  available  to  anticipate  the  impact  of  changes  on  the  risk 
profile or new potential events. 

  ORI metrics (Operational Risk Indicator: operational risk losses vs. gross income) broken down by geography, 

business area and type of risk.  

  Additionally,  a  more  granular  common  scheme  of  metrics  (indicators  and  limits)  covering  the  main  types  of 
operational risk is being implemented throughout the Group. These metrics will make it possible to intensify the 
anticipatory management of risk and objectify the appetite to different sources.  

Operational risk admission  

The main purposes of the operational risk admission phase are the following: 

 

 

To  anticipate  potential  operational  risk  to  which  the  Group  may  be  exposed  due  to  the  release  of  new,  or 
modification  of  existing,  products,  activities,  processes  or  systems,  as  well  as  purchasing  decisions  (e.g. 
outsourcing). 

To  ensure  that  implementation  is  only  performed  once  appropriate  mitigation  measures  have  been  taken  in 
each case, including risk assurance where deemed appropriate.  

The  Corporate  Non-Financial  Risk  Management  Policy  sets  out  the  specific  operational  risk  admission  framework 
through different committees, at a corporate and Business Area level, that follow a delegation structure based on the risk 
level of proposed initiatives. 

 
 
137 

Operational risk monitoring 

The purpose of this phase is to check that the target operational risk profile of the Group is within the authorized limits. 
Operational risk monitoring considers 2 scopes: 

  Monitoring  the  operational  risk  admission  process,  oriented  towards  checking  that  accepted  risks  levels  are 

within the limits and that defined controls are effective. 

  Monitoring  the  operational  risk  "stock"  associated  with  processes.  This  is  done  by  carrying  out  a  periodic  re-
evaluation in order to generate and maintain an updated map of the relevant operational risks in each Area, and 
evaluate  the  adequacy  of  the  monitoring  and  mitigation  environment  for  said  risks.  This  promotes  the 
implementation of action plans to redirect the weaknesses detected.  

This process is supported by a corporate Governance, Risk & Compliance tool that monitors OR at a local level and its 
aggregation at a corporate level. 

In  addition,  and  in  line  with  the  best  practices  and  recommendations  provided  by  the  BIS,  BBVA  has  procedures  to 
collect  the  operational  losses  occurred  in  the  different  entities  of  the  Group  and  in  other  financial  groups,  with  the 
appropriate level of detail to carry out an effective analysis that provides useful information for management purposes 
and to contrast the consistency of the Group's operational risk map. To that end, a corporate tool of the Group is used. 

The  Group  ensures  continuous  monitoring  by  each  Area  of  the  due  functioning  and  effectiveness  of  the  control 
environment, taking into consideration management indicators established for the Area, any events and losses that have 
occurred,  as  well  as  the  results  of  actions  taken  by  the  second  line  of  defense,  the  internal  audit  unit,  supervisors  or 
external auditors. 

Operational risk mitigation 

Several  cross-sectional  plans  are  being  promoted  in  recent  years  for  the  entire  BBVA  Group  to  encourage  a  forward-
looking management of operational risks. To that end, focuses have been identified from events, self-assessments and 
recommendations from auditors and supervisors in different geographies, both in the Group and the industry, thereby 
analyzing  the  best  practices  and  fostering  comprehensive  action  plans  to  strengthen  and  standardize  the  control 
environment. 

One of the core plans is outsourcing management, which is an increasingly important subject in the Group, the industry 
and the regulatory environment. Some of the different initiatives launched under this scheme are summarized below: 

  Strengthening the admission process of these initiatives and their control and monitoring frameworks.  

  New internal regulation comprising the best practices of the industry. 

 

Integration in the 3 lines of defense control model: roles and responsibilities in each phase of its life cycle.  

  Risk management of the service and the supplier.  

  Review of its governance process, which is included in operational risk governance, and escalation criteria. 

  Adaptation of the model and the management tool to the new requirements, including those coming from the 

new EBA guidelines, in force since September 30, 2019.  

This plan will still be in place throughout 2020 with a focus on aligning our stock of arrangements with the new standards 
introduced by the EBA guidelines. 

Insurance of Operational Risk 

Insurance is one of the possible options for managing the operational risk to which the Group is exposed, and mainly has 
two potential purposes: 

  Coverage  of  extreme  situations  linked  to  recurrent  events  that  are  difficult  to  mitigate  or  can  only  be  partially 

mitigated by other means. 

  Coverage of nonrecurrent events that could have significant financial impact, if they occurred. 

The Group has a general framework that regulates this area, and allows systematizing risk assurance decisions, aligning 
insurance  coverage  with  the  risks  to  which  the  Group  is  exposed  and  reinforcing  governance  in  the  decision-making 
process of arranging insurance policies. 

 
 
138 

Operational Risk Control Model 

BBVA Group's operational risk governance model is based on two components: 

●  Three-line defense control model, in line with industry best practices, and which guarantees compliance with the 

most advanced operational risk internal control standards. 

●  Scheme of Corporate Assurance Committees and Internal Control and Operational Risk Committees at the level 

of the different business and support areas. 

Corporate  Assurance  establishes  a  structure  of  committees,  both  local  and  corporate,  to  provide  senior  management 
with  a  comprehensive  and  homogeneous  vision  of  these  significant  situations.  The  aim  is  to  support  rapid  decision-
making with foresight, for the mitigation or assumption of the main risks. 

Each geography has a Corporate Assurance Committee chaired by the Country Manager and whose main functions are: 

  Monitoring the changes in the non-financial risks and their alignment with the defined strategies and policies and 

the risk appetite. 

  Analyzing and assessing controls and measures established to mitigate the impact of the risks identified, should 

they materialize. 

  Making decisions about the proposals for risk taking that are conveyed by the working groups or that arise in the 

Committee itself 

  Promoting  transparency  by  promoting  the  proactive  participation  of  the  three  lines  of  defense  in  discharging 

their responsibilities and the rest of the organization in this area  

At the holding company level there is a Global Corporate Assurance Committee, chaired by the Group's Chief Executive 
Officer.  Its  main  functions  are  similar  to  those  already  described  but  applicable  to  the  most  important  issues  that  are 
escalated from the geographies and the holding company areas. 

The  business  and  support  areas  have  an  Internal  Control  and  Operational  Risk  Committee,  the  purpose  of  which  is  to 
ensure  the  due  implementation  of  the  operational  risk  management  model  within  its  scope  of  action  and  drive  active 
management of such risk, taking mitigation decisions when control weaknesses are identified and monitoring the same. 

Additionally, the Non-Financial Risk unit periodically  reports  the status  of the management  of non-financial risks in the 
Group to the Board's Risk and Compliance Committee. 

Risk factors 

As mentioned earlier, BBVA has processes in place for identifying risks and analyzing scenarios that enable the Group to 
manage risks in a dynamic and proactive way. 

The risk identification processes are forward looking to ensure the identification of emerging risks and take into account 
the  concerns  of  both  the  business  areas,  which  are  close  to  the  reality  of  the  different  geographical  areas,  and  the 
corporate areas and senior management. 

Risks  are  captured  and  measured  consistently  using  the  methodologies  deemed  appropriate  in  each  case.  Their 
measurement includes the design and application of scenario analyses and stress testing and considers the controls to 
which the risks are subjected. 

 
 
139 

As part of this process, a forward projection of the risk appetite framework variables in stress scenarios is conducted in 
order  to  identify  possible  deviations  from  the  established  thresholds.  If  any  such  deviations  are  detected,  appropriate 
measures are taken to keep the variables within the target risk profile. 

To  this  extent,  there  are  a  number  of  emerging  risks  that  could  affect  the  Group´s  business  trends.  These  risks  are 
described in the following main sections: 

Macroeconomic and geopolitical risks 

Global growth decelerated in 2019 to growth rates slightly below 3% in annual terms in the second half of the year, below 
the  3.6%  of  2018.  Increased  trade  protectionism  and  geopolitical  risks  had  a  negative  impact  on  economic  activity, 
mainly  on  exports  and  investment,  additionally  to  the  structural  slowdown  in  the  Chinese  economy  and  the  cyclical 
moderation of the US and Eurozone economies. However, the counter-cyclical policies announced in 2019, led by central 
banks, along with the recent reduction in trade tensions between the United States and China and the disappearance of 
the risk of a disorderly Brexit in the short term, are leading to some stabilization of global growth, based on the relatively 
strong performance of private consumption supported by the relative strength of labor markets and low inflation. Thus, 
global growth forecasts stand around 3.2% for both 2019 and 2020. 

In terms of monetary policy, the major central banks took more loosening measures last year. In the United States, the 
Federal  Reserve  reduced  interest  rates  between  July  and  October  by  75  basis  points  to  1.75%.  In  the  Eurozone,  the 
European Central Bank (ECB) announced in September a package of monetary measures to support the economy and 
the financial system, including: (i) a deposit facility interest rate reduction of ten basis points, leaving them at -0.50%, (ii) 
the  adoption  of  a  phased  interest  rate  system  for  the  previously  mentioned  deposit  facility,  (iii)  a  new  debt  purchase 
program  of  €20  billion  per  month,  and  (iv)  an  improvement  in  financing  conditions  for  banks  in  the  ECB's  liquidity 
auctions. The latest signs of growth stabilization contributed to the decision of both monetary authorities to keep interest 
rates  unchanged  in  recent  months,  although  additional  stimulus  measures  are  not  ruled  out  in  the  event  of  a  further 
deterioration  of  the  economic  environment.  In  China,  in  addition  to  fiscal  stimulus  decisions  and  exchange  rate 
depreciation,  a  cut  in  reserve  requirements  for  banks  was  recently  announced  and  base  rates  have  been  reduced. 
Accordingly, interest rates will remain low in major economies, enabling emerging countries to gain room for maneuver. 

Regulatory and reputational risks 

Financial institutions are exposed to a complex and ever-changing regulatory environment defined by governments and 
regulators.  This  can  affect  their  ability  to  grow  and  the  capacity  of  certain  businesses  to  develop,  and  result  in  stricter 
liquidity and capital requirements with lower profitability ratios. The Group constantly monitors changes in the regulatory 
framework  that  allow  for  anticipation  and  adaptation  to  them  in  a  timely  manner,  adopt  industry  practices  and  more 
efficient and rigorous criteria in its implementation. 

The financial sector is under ever closer scrutiny by regulators, governments and society itself. In the course of activities, 
situations which might cause relevant reputational damage to the entity could raise and might affect the regular course 
of  business.  The  attitudes  and  behaviors  of  the  Group  and  its  members  are  governed  by  the  principles  of  integrity, 
honesty,  long-term  vision  and  industry  practices  through,  inter  alia,  internal  control  Model,  the  Code  of  Conduct,  tax 
strategy and Responsible Business Strategy of the Group. 

For more information regarding the model of work risk prevention, the compliance system, the management of the tax 
risk  as  well  as  social  and  environmental  risks,  see  sections  “  Work  environment“,  “Ethical  behavior“,  “Fiscal 
transparency“ “Sustainable Finance”, respectively, within the Non-financial statement. 

IBOR reform 

Regarding  the  regulatory  risks,  the  global  interest  rates  benchmark  reform  is  a  key  area  of  focus  for  BBVA.  Interbank 
interest rates (IBORs) are key references that underpin many contracts within the financial sector worldwide. Following 
the  2014  recommendations  from  the  Financial  Stability  Board  (FSB),  authorities  in  various  countries  are  promoting 
initiatives that enable the financial system to reduce its reliance on IBORs and make a transition to risk-free alternative 
interest rates (RFR) by the end of 2021. These RFRs have been designed to overcome the difficulties related to the IBOR 
rates, in particular to minimize reliance on expert judgment and ensure greater transparency and understanding during 
its definition process. Transitions could occur from the rate that was historically used as a reference to the new RFR (e.g. 
the transition from EONIA to €STR in Europe, or the transition from the LIBOR dollar to SOFR in the United States) or by 
evolving  the  existing  index  methodology,  in  both  cases  overnight  (e.g.  SONIA  for  the  GBP  market)  or  term  (e.g. 
EURIBOR). 

The BBVA Group has a significant number of financial assets and liabilities whose contracts refer to IBOR rates. EURIBOR 
is  identified  as  the  most  relevant  reference  rate  in  the  Group,  and  is  used,  among  others,  for  loans,  deposits  and  debt 
issues as well as underlying in derivative instruments. In the case of EONIA, it has a minor presence in the banking book 
but  it  is  used  as  the  underlying  rate  in  derivative  instruments  in  the  trading  book  and  for  the  treatment  of  collaterals, 

 
140 

mainly in Spain. In the case of LIBORs, the USD is the most relevant currency for both loans and debt instruments for the 
banking book and trading book. Other LIBOR currencies (CHF, GBP and JPY) have a minor presence.  

The  IBOR  transition  has  been  identified  as  a  complex  initiative,  affecting  BBVA  in  different  geographical  areas  and 
business  lines,  as  well  as  in  a  multitude  of  products,  systems  and  processes.  For  this  reason,  BBVA  has  established  a 
transition  project  with  a  robust  governance  structure.  The  Executive  Steering  Committee  is  represented  by  the  senior 
management  of  the  affected  areas  and  reports  directly  to  the  Group’s  Global  Leadership  Team.  At  local  level,  each 
geographical  area  has  established  a  local  governance  structure  with  the  participation  of  the  senior  management. 
Coordination  between  geographical  areas  is  ensured  through  the  Project  Management  Office  (PMO)  and  the  Global 
Working  Groups  that  have  a  multi-geographic  and  cross-sectional  vision  of  the  Legal,  Risk,  Regulatory,  Finance  and 
Accounting,  Engineering  and  Communication  areas.  The  project  has  also  been  raised  in  the  Corporate  Assurance 
committees of the geographical areas and businesses as well as in the Group’s Global Corporate Assurance committee. 

The project considers the different approaches and timings for transition to the new RFRs when assessing the economic, 
operational, legal, financial, reputational and compliance risks associated with the transition, as well as defining the lines 
of action to mitigate them. One important aspect is the impact on financial instruments contracts that refer to the IBOR 
rates and that expire after 2021. In the case of the EONIA, BBVA will take measures to novate contracts that expire after 
2021. The Group already has new clauses that include the €STR as a substitute index as well as clauses that include the 
€STR as the main index in new contracts. In the derivatives area (the main use of the EONIA) the actions are leveraged in 
the work of ISDA. In the case of LIBOR, uncertainty regarding its future requires identifying the contracts that expire after 
2022  in  order  to  prepare  for  potential  contractual  novations.  At  the  same  time,  the  clauses  that  industry  associations 
suggest as alternatives or substitutes for LIBOR are being analyzed so that they can be included in the contracts. With 
regard  to  the  EURIBOR,  the  European  authorities  have  supported  the  index’s  continuation  and  the  evolution  of  its 
methodology so that it complies with the European Benchmarks Regulation. The authorities have also said that the new 
methodology continues to measure the same economic reality. BBVA is actively involved in various working groups such 
as the EURO RFR WG, which actively works to define fallback provisions in contracts, amongst other things. 

BBVA will  make every reasonable effort to  treat its customers in a fair  and transparent manner and to safeguard  their 
interests during the transition to the new benchmarks. BBVA also remains committed to market participants, authorities 
and our customers to back an orderly transition and mitigate the risks that result from it. 

Business, operational and legal risks 

New  technologies  and  forms  of  customer  relationships:  Developments  in  the  digital  world  and  in  information 
(new  competitors, 
technologies  pose  significant  challenges 
disintermediation…) but also opportunities (new framework of relations with customers, greater ability to adapt to their 
needs,  new  products  and  distribution  channels...).  Digital  transformation  is  a  priority  for  the  Group  as  it  aims  to  lead 
digital banking of the future as one of its objectives. 

institutions,  entailing 

financial 

threats 

for 

Technological risks and security breaches: The Group is exposed to new threats such as cyberattacks, theft of internal 
and  customer  databases,  fraud  in  payment  systems,  etc.  that  require  major  investments  in  security  from  both  the 
technological and human point of view. The Group gives great importance to the active operational and technological risk 
management and control. 

For  more  information  regarding  the  customer  protection,  see  section  “Customer  care”  within  the  Non-financial 
information report. 

The financial sector is exposed to increasing litigation, so the financial institutions face a large number of proceedings of 
every kind, civil, criminal, administrative, litigation, as well as investigations from the supervisor  or other governmental 
authorities,  along  several  jurisdictions,  which  consequences  are  difficult  to  determine  (including  those  procedures  in 
which an undetermined number of applicants is involved, in which damages claimed are not easy to estimate, in which an 
exorbitant  amount  is  claimed,  in  which  new  jurisdictional  issues  are  introduced  under  creative  non  –  contrasted  legal 
arguments and those which are at a very initial stage). 

In Spain, in many of the existing procedures, applicants’ claim, both at  Spanish courts and through preliminary rulings 
towards  the  European  Union  Court  of  Justice  that  various  clauses  usually  included  under  a  mortgage  loan  with  credit 
institutions are stated abusive (including mortgage fees clauses, early redemption right clause, referenced interest rate 
type and opening fee). In particular, with regards to consumer mortgage loan agreements linked to  the mortgage loan 
reference index (Índice de Referencia de los Préstamos Hipotecarios — mortgage loan reference index) (IRPH), which is 
the average interest rate calculated by the Bank of Spain and published in the Official Spanish Gazette (Boletín Oficial del 
Estado)  for  mortgage  loans  of  more  than  three  years  for  freehold  housing  purchases  granted  by  Spanish  credit 
institutions and which is considered the “official interest rate” by mortgage transparency regulations, on 14th December, 
2017 the Spanish Supreme Court, in its Ruling No 669/2017 (the Ruling), held that it was not possible to determine that a 
loan's interest rate was not transparent simply due to it making reference to one official rate or another, nor can its terms 
then be confirmed as unfair under the provisions of Directive 93/13/EEC of 5th April, 1993. As of the date of this Annual 

 
141 

Report, a preliminary ruling is pending in which the Ruling is being challenged before the Court of Justice of the European 
Union. BBVA considers that the Ruling is clear and well founded.  

On  September  10,  2019,  the  Advocate  General  of  the  Court  of  Justice  of  the  European  Union  issued  a  report  on  this 
matter.  

In that report, the Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Union concluded that the bank to which the 
preliminary  ruling  relates  (Bankia,  S.A.)  complied  with  the  requirement  of  transparency  imposed  by  the  applicable 
European regulation. The Advocate General also indicated that it is for the national courts to carry out the checks they 
consider necessary in order to analyze compliance with the applicable transparency obligations in each individual case. 

The  Advocate  General's  report  does  not  bind  the  decision  which  the  Court  of  Justice  of  the  European  Union  may  take 
finally on this matter in the future.  

It  is  therefore  necessary  to  await  the  Court  of  Justice  of  the  European  Union’s  ruling  on  the  matter  referred  in  the 
preliminary ruling in order to determine whether it may have any effect on BBVA.   

The impact of any potential unfavorable ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union is difficult to predict at this 
time, but could be material. The impact of such a resolution may vary depending on matters such as (i) the decision of 
the  Court  of  Justice  of  the  European  Union  on  what  interest  rate  should  be  applied  to  the  applicable  loans;  and  (ii) 
whether the effects of the judgment are applied retroactively. According to the latest available information, the amount of 
mortgage loans to individuals linked to IRPH and up to date with the payment is approximately €2,800m. 

In addition, there are also claims before the Spanish courts challenging the application of certain interest rates and other 
mandatory  rules  to  certain  revolving  credit  card  agreements.  The  resolutions  in  this  type  of  proceedings  against  the 
Group or other banking entities may directly or indirectly affect the Group. 

The  Group  is  involved  in  several  competition  investigations  and  other  legal  actions  related  to  competition  initiated  by 
third parties in various countries which may give raise to penalties and claims by third parties. 

As  mentioned  in  the  section  “Other  non-financial  risks”  of  the  Non-financial  information  report  of  this  Management 
report, Central Investigating Court No. 6 of the National High Court is investigating the activities of Centro Exclusivo de 
Negocios  y  Transacciones,  S.L.  (Cenyt)  in  the  Preliminary  Proceeding  No.  96/2017.  Piece  No.  9  of  this  proceeding 
includes  the  provision  of  services  to  the  Bank.  It  is  not  possible  at  this  time  to  predict  the  scope  or  duration  of  such 
proceeding or any related proceeding or its or their possible outcomes or implications for the Group, including any fines, 
damages or harm to the Group’s reputation caused thereby.  

The  Group  regularly  promotes  internal  investigations  into  possible  violations  of  its  code  of  conduct  or  applicable 
regulations, including corruption and sanctions, and such investigations could be time-consuming and costly. In addition, 
the Group constantly manages and monitors investigations, proceedings and legal or regulatory actions brought by third 
parties, making provisions for their coverage where necessary (based on the number of disputes and the status of the 
proceedings or actions). However, the outcome of investigations, legal or regulatory proceedings or actions, to which the 
Bank  is  already  a  party,  as  well  as  those  which  may  arise  in  the  future  or  to  which  other  credit  entities  are  a  party,  is 
difficult to predict and, accordingly, in the event of changes in legal criteria or adverse outcomes of some of these, the 
provisions  recorded  may  be  insufficient  and  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the  Group's  business,  financial 
position and result of operations. 

 
 
142 

Subsequent events 

On  January  31,  2020  it  was  announced  that  it  was  foreseen  to  submit  to  the  consideration  of  the  corresponding 
government bodies the proposal of cash payment in a gross amount of €0.16 per share to be paid in April 2020 as final 
dividend for 2019 (see Note 4 of the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements). 

From January 1, 2020 to the date of preparation of these consolidated financial statements, no other subsequent events 
not mentioned above in these financial statements have taken place that could significantly affect the Group’s earnings 
or its equity position. 

 
143 

Alternative Performance Measures (APMs) 

BBVA presents its results in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (EU-IFRS). However, it also 
considers  that  some  Alternative  Performance  Measures  (APMs)  provide  useful  additional  financial  information  that 
should  be  taken  into  account  when  evaluating  performance.  These  APMs  are  also  used  when  making  financial, 
operational and planning decisions within the Entity. The  Group firmly believes that  they give a true  and fair view of its 
financial  information.  These  APMs  are  generally  used  in  the  financial  sector  as  indicators  for  monitoring  the  assets, 
liabilities and economic and financial situation of entities. 

BBVA  Group's  APMs  are  given  below.  They  are  presented  in  accordance  with  the  European  Securities  and  Markets 
Authority  (ESMA)  guidelines,  published  on  October  5,  2015  (ESMA/2015/1415en).  These  guidelines  are  aimed  at 
promoting  the  usefulness  and  transparency  of  APMs  included  in  prospectuses  or  regulated  information  in  order  to 
protect investors in the European Union. In accordance with the indications given in the guidelines, BBVA Group's APMs: 

Include clear and readable definitions of the APMs (paragraphs 21-25). 

 
  Disclose the reconciliations to the most directly reconcilable line item, subtotal or total presented in the financial 
statements  of  the  corresponding  period,  separately  identifying  and  explaining  the  material  reconciling  items 
(paragraphs 26-32). 

  Are  standard  measures  generally  used  in  the  financial  industry,  so  their  use  provides  comparability  in  the 

analysis of performance between issuers (paragraphs 33-34). 

  Do  not  have  greater  preponderance  than  measures  directly  stemming  from  financial  statements  (paragraphs 

35-36). 

  Are accompanied by comparatives for previous periods (paragraphs 37-40). 
  Are consistent over time (paragraphs 41-44). 

Constant exchange rates 

When comparing two dates or periods in this management report, the impact of changes in the exchange rates against 
the  euro  of  the  currencies  of  the  countries  in  which  BBVA  operates  is  sometimes  excluded,  assuming  that  exchange 
rates remain constant. This is done for the amounts in the income statement by using the average exchange rate against 
the euro in the most recent period for each currency of the countries where the Group operates, and applying it to both 
periods; for amounts in the balance sheet and activity, the closing exchange rates in the most recent period are used. 

Adjusted profit/(loss) for the year 

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  adjusted  profit/(loss)  for  the  year  is  the  profit/(loss)  for  the  year  from  the  Group’s 
consolidated income statement, excluding those extraordinary items that, from a management point of view are defined 
at any given moment. 

Relevance  of  its  use:  This  measure  is  commonly  used,  not  only  in  the  banking  sector,  for  homogeneous  comparison 
purposes. 

Adjusted profit/(loss) for the year 
Millions of euros 

+  Profit/(loss) for the year 

-  Goodwill impairment in the United States 

-  Profit of BBVA Chile 

-  Net capital gains from the sale of BBVA Chile 

-  Telefónica impairment 

2019 

4,345 

(1,318) 

2018 

6,227 

93 

633 

=  Adjusted profit/(loss) for the year 

5,663 

5,501 

Adjusted net attributable profit 

2017 

4,757 

(1,123) 

5,880 

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  adjusted  net  attributable  profit  is  the  net  attributable  profit  from  the  Group’s 
consolidated income statement, excluding those extraordinary items that, from a management point of view are defined 
at any given moment. 

Relevance of its use: This measure is commonly used, not only in the banking sector, for comparison purposes. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net attributable profit 
Millions of euros 

+  Net attributable profit 

-  Goodwill impairment in the United States 

-  Net attributable profit of BBVA Chile 

-  Net capital gains from the sale of BBVA Chile 

-  Telefónica impairment 

2019 

3,512 

(1,318) 

2018 

5,400 

64 

633 

=  Adjusted net attributable profit 

4,830 

4,703 

Book value per share 

144 

2017 

3,514 

(1,123) 

4,637 

The book value per share determines the value of a company on its books for each share held.  It is calculated as follows:  

Shareholders′	funds (cid:3397) Accumulated	other	comprehensive	income

Number	of	shares	outstanding (cid:3398) Treasury	shares

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  figures  for  both  ‘’shareholders'  funds’’  and  ‘’accumulated  other  comprehensive 
income’’  are  taken  from  the  balance  sheet.  Shareholders'  funds  are  adjusted  to  take  into  account  the  execution  of  the 
"dividend-option" at the closing dates on which it was agreed to deliver this type of dividend prior to the publication of the 
Group´s  results.  The  denominator  includes  the  final  number  of  outstanding  shares  excluding  own  shares  (treasury 
shares).  The  denominator  is  also  adjusted  to  include  the  capital  increase  resulting  from  the  execution  of  the  "dividend 
options" explained above. Both the numerator and the denominator take into account period-end balances. 

Relevance of its use: It shows the company's book value for each share issued. It is a generally used ratio, not only in the 
banking sector but also in others. 

Book value per share  

Numerator            
(millions of euros) 

Denominator          
(million euros) 

+  Shareholders' funds 

+  Dividend-option adjustment 

+ 

Accumulated other comprehensive 
income 

+  Number of shares outstanding 

+  Dividend-option 
-  Treasury shares 

= 

Book value per share             
(euros / share) 

Tangible book value per share 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

31-12-19 

55,958 

- 

31-12-18 

54,326 

- 

31-12-17  
53,283  
-  

(7,235) 

(7,215) 

(6,939) 

6,668 

- 
13 

7.32 

6,668 

- 
47 

7.12 

6,668  
-  
13  

6.96 

The tangible book value per share determines the value of the company on its books for each share held by shareholders 
in the event of liquidation. It is calculated as follows:  

Shareholders′	funds (cid:3397) Accumulated	other	comprehensive	income	 (cid:3398) Intangible	assets

Number	of	shares	outstanding	 (cid:3398) Treasury	shares

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  figures  for  ‘’shareholders'  funds’’,  ‘’accumulated  other  comprehensive  income’’  and 
‘’intangible  assets’’  are  all  taken  from  the  balance  sheet.  Shareholders'  funds  are  adjusted  to  take  into  account  the 
execution of the "dividend-option" at the closing dates on which it was agreed to deliver this type of dividend prior to the 
publication  of  the  Group´s  results.  The  denominator  includes  the  final  number  of  shares  outstanding  excluding  own 
shares (treasury shares). The denominator is also adjusted to include the result of the capital increase resulting from the 
execution of the "dividend options" explained above. Both the numerator and the denominator take into account period-
end  balances.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Relevance of its use: It shows the company's book value for each share issued, after deducting intangible assets. It is a 
generally used ratio, not only in the banking sector but also in others. 

145 

Tangible book value per share 

Numerator            
(millions of euros) 

Denominator          
(millions of euros) 

+  Shareholders' funds 

+  Dividend-option adjustment 

+ 

Accumulated other comprehensive 
income 

- 

Intangible assets 

+  Number of shares outstanding 

+  Dividend-option 
-  Treasury shares 

= 

Tangible book value per share  
(euros / share) 

Dividend yield 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

31-12-19 

55,958 

- 

31-12-18   

54,326 

- 

(7,235) 

(7,215) 

6,966 

6,668 

- 
13 

6.27 

8,314 

6,668 

- 
47 

5.86 

31-12-17  
53,283  
-  

(6,939) 

8,464  
6,668  
-  
13  

5.69 

This is the remuneration given to the shareholders in the last twelve calendar months, divided by the closing price for the 
period. It is calculated as follows:  

∑ Dividend	per	share	over	the	last	twelve	months

Closing	price

Explanation of the formula: The remuneration per share takes into account the gross amounts per share paid out over 
the last twelve months, both in cash and through the flexible remuneration system called "dividend option". 

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used by analysts, shareholders and investors for companies that are traded 
on the stock market. It compares the dividend paid out by a company every year with its market price at a specific date.  

Dividend yield 

Numerator (euros) 

∑ Dividends 

Denominator (euros) 

Closing price 
=  Dividend yield 

Adjusted earning per share 

31-12-19 

31-12-18   

31-12-17 

0.26 

4.98 
5.2% 

0.25 

4.64 
5.4% 

0.30 

7.11 
4.2% 

The adjusted earning per share takes the earning per share calculated in accordance to the criteria stablished in the IAS 
33 “Earnings Per Share” and takes into account the same adjustments made in the net attributable profit to calculate the 
adjusted net attributable profit, previously defined in this alternative performance measures. 

Non-performing loan (NPL) ratio 

This  is  the  ratio  between  the  risks  classified  for  accounting  purposes  as  non-performing  loans  and  the  total  credit  risk 
balance for customers and contingent risks. It is calculated as follows:  

Non (cid:3398) performing	loans
Total	credit	risk

Explanation of the formula: ‘’Non-performing loans’’ include those related to loans and advances to customers (gross) 
and those related to contingent risk, excluding the non-performing loans of credit institutions and securities. ‘’Total credit 
risk’’  includes  both  pending  and  contingent  risk.  Their  calculation  is  based  on  the  headings  in  the  first  table  of  ”Credit 
risk” within the “Risk management” section of this report. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
146 

Relevance of its use: This is one of the main indicators used in the banking sector to monitor the current situation and 
changes in credit risk quality, and specifically the relationship between risks classified in the accounts as non-performing 
loans and the total balance of credit risk, with respect to customers and contingent liabilities.  

Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) ratio 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator           
(millions of euros) 

NPLs 

Credit Risk 

31-12-19 

31-12-18   

31-12-17 

16,730 

17,087 

20,492 

441,964 

433,799 

450,045 

=  Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) ratio 

3.8% 

3.9% 

4.6% 

NPL coverage ratio 

This  ratio  reflects  the  degree  to  which  the  impairment  of  non-performing  loans  has  been  covered  in  the  accounts  via 
loan-loss provisions. It is calculated as follows: 

Provisions
Non (cid:3398) performing	loans

Explanation  of  the  formula:  ‘’Non-performing  loans’’  include  those  related  to  lending  activity  and  those  related  to 
contingent risk, excluding non-performing loans from credit institutions and securities. ‘’Provisions’’ are allowances, for 
both loans and advances to customer and contingent risk.  Their calculation is based on the headings in the first table of 
“Credit Risk” within the “Risk management” section of this report. 

 Relevance of its use: This is one of the main indicators used in the banking sector to monitor the situation and changes 
in the quality of credit risk, reflecting the degree to which the impairment of non-performing loans has been covered in 
the accounts via loan-loss provisions.  

NPL coverage ratio 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

Provisions 

NPLs 

31-12-19 

31-12-18   

31-12-17 

12,817 

12,493 

13,319 

16,730 

17,087 

20,492 

=  NPL coverage ratio 

77% 

73% 

65% 

Cost of risk 

This  ratio  indicates  the  current  situation  and  changes  in  credit-risk  quality  through  the  annual  cost  in  terms  of 
impairment losses (accounting loan-loss provisions, included in the “impairment on financial assets not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss” line) of each unit of loans and advances to customers (gross). It is calculated as follows: 

Annualized	loan (cid:3398) loss	provisions
Average	loans	and	advances	to	customers	(cid:4666)gross(cid:4667)

Explanation of the formula: ‘’Annualized loan-loss provisions’’ are calculated by accumulating and annualizing the loan-
loss provisions of each month of the period under analysis, to standardize the comparison between different periods. For 
example,  loan-loss  provisions  for  six  months  (180  days)  are  divided  by  180  to  obtain  daily  loan-loss  provisions  and 
multiplied  by  365  to  obtain  the  annualized  figure.  This  calculation  uses  the  calendar  days  of  the  period  under 
consideration. 

‘’Loans and advances to customers (gross)’’ refers to the portfolio of financial assets at amortized cost of the Group’s 
consolidated balance sheet. The average of loans and advances to customers (gross) is calculated by using the average 
of the period-end balances of each month of the period analyzed plus the previous month. 

Relevance of its use:  This is one of the main indicators used in the banking sector to monitor the situation and changes 
in the quality of credit risk through the cost over the year.   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
147 

Cost of risk 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

31-12-19 

31-12-18 

31-12-17 

Annualized loan-loss provisions 

4,061 

3,964 

3,674 

Average loans and advances to 
customers (gross) 

390,494 

392,037 

414,448 

= 

Cost of risk 

1.04% 

1.01%   

0.89% 

Efficiency ratio 

This measures the percentage of gross income consumed by an entity's operating expenses. It is calculated as follows:  

Operating	expenses
Gross	income

Explanation of the formula: Both ‘’operating expenses’’ and ‘’gross income’’ are taken from the Group’s consolidated 
income  statement.  Operating  expenses  are  the  sum  of  the  administration  costs  (personnel  expenses  plus  other 
administrative expenses) plus depreciation. Gross income is the sum of net interest income, net fees and commissions, 
net trading income dividend income, share of profit or loss of entities accounted for using the equity method, and other 
operating  income  and  expenses.  For  a  more  detailed  calculation  of  this  ratio,  the  graphs  on  “Results”  section  of  this 
report  should  be  consulted,  one  of  them  with  calculations  with  figures  at  current  exchange  rates  and  another  with  the 
data at constant exchange rates. 

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used in the banking sector.  

Efficiency ratio 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

ROE 

Operating expenses 

(11,902) 

(11,702) 

(12,500) 

2019 

2018   

2017 

Gross income 

=  Efficiency ratio 

24,542 

48.5% 

23,747 

49.3% 

25,270 

49.5% 

The ROE (return on equity) ratio measures the return obtained on an entity's shareholders' funds plus accumulated other 
comprehensive income. It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	net	attributable	profit
Average	shareholders′funds (cid:3397) Average	accumulated	other	comprehensive	income

Explanation of the formula: ‘’Annualized net attributable profit’’ is taken directly from the Group’s consolidated income 
statement. If the metric is presented on a date before the close of the fiscal year, the numerator must be annualized. If 
extraordinary  items  (results  from  corporate  operations)  are  included  in  the  net  attributable  profit  for  the  months 
covered,  they  are  eliminated  from  the  figure  before  it  is  annualized,  and  then  added  to  the  metric  once  it  has  been 
annualized.  

‘’Average shareholders' funds’’ are the weighted moving average of the shareholders' funds at the end of each month of 
the period analyzed, adjusted to take into account the execution of the "dividend-option" at the closing dates on which it 
was agreed to deliver this type of dividend  prior to the publication of the Group´s results. 

‘’Average  accumulated  other  comprehensive 
is  the  moving  weighted  average  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive  income,  which  is  part  of  the  equity  on  the  Entity's  balance  sheet   and  is  calculated  in  the  same  way  as 
average  shareholders’ funds (above). 

income’’ 

Relevance  of  its  use:  This  ratio  is  very  commonly  used  not  only  in  the  banking  sector  but  also  in  other  sectors  to 
measure the return obtained on shareholders' funds.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
148 

ROE 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

Annualized net attributable profit 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

2019 

3,512 

2018   

5,400 

2017 

3,514 

+  Average shareholder's funds 

55,699 

52,877 

52,801 

+ 

Average accumulated other 
comprehensive income 

(6,732) 

(6,743) 

(5,167) 

=  ROE 

7.2% 

11.7% 

7.4% 

Adjusted ROE 

The  adjusted  ROE  (return  on  equity)  ratio  measures  the  return  obtained  on  an  entity's  shareholders'  funds  plus 
accumulated other comprehensive income. It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	adjusted	net	attributable	profit
Average	shareholders′funds (cid:3397) Average	accumulated	other	comprehensive	income

Explanation of the formula: The numerator is the adjusted net attributable profit previously defined in this alternative 
performance measures. 

‘’Average shareholders' funds’’ are the weighted moving average of the shareholders' funds at the end of each month of 
the period analyzed, adjusted to take into account the execution of the "dividend-option" at the closing dates on which it 
was agreed to deliver this type of dividend  prior to the publication of the Group´s results. 

‘’Average  accumulated  other  comprehensive 
is  the  moving  weighted  average  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive  income,  which  is  part  of  the  equity  on  the  Entity's  balance  sheet   and  is  calculated  in  the  same  way  as 
average  shareholders’ funds (above). 

income’’ 

Relevance  of  its  use:  This  ratio  is  very  commonly  used  not  only  in  the  banking  sector  but  also  in  other  sectors  to 
measure the return obtained on shareholders' funds.  

Adjusted ROE 

Numerator         (millions 
of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

ROTE 

Adjusted net attributable profit 

+  Average shareholder's funds 

+ 

Average accumulated other comprehensive 
income 

=  Adjusted ROE 

NIIF 9 

NIC 39 

2019 

4,830 

55,699 

(6,732) 

9.9% 

2018 

4,703 

52,877 

(6,743) 

10.2%   

2017 

4,637 

52,801 

(5,167) 

9.7% 

The  ROTE  (return  on  tangible  equity)  ratio  measures  the  return  on  an  entity's  shareholders'  funds,  plus  accumulated 
other comprehensive income, and excluding intangible assets.  It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	net	attributable	profit
Average	shareholders′funds (cid:3397) 	Average	accumulated	other	comprehensive	income (cid:3398) Average	intangible	assets

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  numerator  (annualized  net  attributable  profit)  and  the  items  in  the  denominator 
‘’average  intangible  assets’’  and  ‘’average  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income’’  are  the  same  items  and  are 
calculated in the same way as explained for ROE. 

‘’Average  intangible  assets’’  are  the  intangible  assets  on  the  balance  sheet,  including  goodwill  and  other  intangible 
assets. The average balance is calculated in the same way as explained for shareholders' funds in ROE. 

Relevance of its use: This metric is generally used not only in the banking sector but also in other sectors to measure the 
return obtained on shareholders' funds, not including intangible assets.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
149 

ROTE 

Numerator          
(millions of euros) 

Annualized net attributable profit 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

2019 

3,512 

2018   

5,400 

2017 

3,514 

+  Average shareholder's funds 

55,699 

52,877 

52,801 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

+ 

Average accumulated other 
comprehensive income 

(6,732) 

(6,743) 

(5,167) 

-  Average intangible assets 
=  ROTE 

8,303 
8.6% 

8,296 
14.3%   

9,073 
9.1% 

Adjusted ROTE 

The  Adjusted  ROTE  (return  on  tangible  equity)  ratio  measures  the  return  on  an  entity's  shareholders'  funds,  plus 
accumulated other comprehensive income, and excluding intangible assets.  It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	adjusted	net	attributable	profit
Average	shareholders′funds (cid:3397) 	Average	accumulated	other	comprehensive	income (cid:3398) Average	intangible	assets

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  numerator  (annualized  adjusted  net  attributable  profit)  and  the  items  in  the 
denominator ‘’average intangible assets’’ and ‘’average accumulated other comprehensive income’’ are the same items 
and are calculated in the same way as explained for the adjusted ROE. 

‘’Average  intangible  assets’’  are  the  intangible  assets  on  the  balance  sheet,  including  goodwill  and  other  intangible 
assets. The average balance is calculated in the same way as explained for shareholders' funds in ROE. 

Relevance of its use: This metric is generally used not only in the banking sector but also in other sectors to measure the 
return obtained on shareholders' funds, not including intangible assets.  

Adjusted ROTE 

Numerator         (millons 
of euros) 

Adjusted net attributable profit 

2019 

4,830 

2018 

4,703 

+  Average shareholder's funds 

55,699 

52,877 

Denominator          
(millons of euros) 

+ 

Average accumulated other comprehensive 
income 

-  Average intangible assets 

=  Adjusted ROTE 

(6,732) 

(6,743) 

8,303 

11.9% 

8,296 

12.4% 

2017 

4,637 

52,801 

(5,167) 

9,073 

12.0% 

NIIF 9 

NIC 39 

ROA 

The ROA (return on assets) ratio measures the return obtained on an entity's assets. It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	profit	for	the	year
Average	total	assets

Explanation  of  the  formula:  ‘’Annualized  profit  for  the  year’’  is  taken  directly  from  the  Group’s  consolidated  income 
statement. If the metric is presented on a date before the close of the fiscal year, the numerator must be annualized. If 
extraordinary  items  (results  from  corporate  operations)  are  included  in  the  net  attributable  profit  for  the  months 
covered,  they  are  eliminated  from  the  figure  before  it  is  annualized  and  then  added  to  the  metric  once  it  has  been 
annualized.  

‘’Average total assets’’ are the moving weighted average of the total assets of the Group’s consolidated balance sheet at 
the end of each month of the period under analysis.  

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used not only in the banking sector but also in other sectors to measure the 
return obtained on assets.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
150 

ROA 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

Annualized profit for the year 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

2019 

4,345 

2018   

6,227 

2017 

4,757 

Average total assets 

693,750 

678,905 

702,511 

=  ROA 

0.63% 

0.92%   

0.68% 

Adjusted ROA 

The adjusted ROA (return on assets) ratio measures the return obtained on an entity's assets. It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	adjusted	profit	for	the	year
Average	total	assets

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  numerator  is  the  annualized  adjusted  profit/(loss)  for  the  year  previously  defined  in 
this alternative performance measures. 

‘’Average total assets’’ are the moving weighted average of the total assets of the Group’s consolidated balance sheet at 
the end of each month of the period under analysis.  

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used not only in the banking sector but also in other sectors to measure the 
return obtained on assets.  

Adjusted ROA 

Numerator         (millions 
of euros) 

Denominator          
(millons of euros) 

RORWA 

Adjusted profit/(loss) for the year 

2019 

5,663 

2018 

5,501 

Average total assets 

693,750 

678,905 

=  Adjusted ROA 

0.82% 

0.81% 

2017 

5,880 

702,511 

0.84% 

NIIF 9 

NIC 39 

The RORWA (return on risk-weighted assets) ratio measures the accounting return  obtained on average risk-weighted 
assets. It is calculated as follows:  

Annualized	profit	for	the	year

Average	risk (cid:3398) weighted	assets

Explanation of the formula: ‘’Annualized profit for the year’’ is the same figure as explained for ROA. 

‘’Average  risk-weighted  assets’’(RWA)  is  the  moving  weighted  average  of  the  risk-weighted  assets  at  the  end  of  each 
month of the period under analysis.  

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used in the banking sector to measure the return obtained on RWA. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RORWA 

Numerator         
(millions of euros) 

Denominator         
(millions of euros) 

Annualized profit for the year 

Average RWA 

=  RORWA 

Adjusted RORWA 

151 

IFRS 9 

IAS 39 

2019 

4,345 

2018   

6,227 

2017 

4,757 

361,354 

353,199 

375,589 

1.20% 

1.76%   

1.27% 

The  adjusted  RORWA  (return  on  risk-weighted  assets)  ratio  measures  the  return  obtained  on  an  entity's  assets.  It  is 
calculated as follows:  

Annualized	adjusted	profit	for	the	year
Average	risk (cid:3398) weighted	assetsrage	total	assets

Explanation  of  the  formula:  The  numerator  is  the  annualized  adjusted  profit/(loss)  for  the  year  previously  defined  in 
this alternative performance measures. 

‘’Average  risk-weighted  assets’’(RWA)  is  the  moving  weighted  average  of  the  risk-weighted  assets  at  the  end  of  each 
month of the period under analysis.  

Relevance of its use: This ratio is generally used not only in the banking sector but also in other sectors to measure the 
return obtained on assets.  

Adjusted RORWA 

Numerator         (millions 
of euros) 

Denominator          
(millons of euros) 

Adjusted profit/(loss) for the year 

Average RWA 

=  Adjusted RORWA 

NIIF 9 

NIC 39 

2019 

5,663 

2018 

5,501 

2017 

5,880 

361,354 

353,199 

375,589 

1.57% 

1.56% 

1.57% 

Other customer funds 

This includes off-balance sheet funds, these are, mutual funds, pension funds and other off-balance sheet funds.  

Explanation of the formula: It is the period-end sum on a given date of the mutual funds, pension funds and other off-
balance sheet funds; as displayed in the table on “Balance sheet and business activity” section of this report.  

Relevance of its use: This metric is generally used in the banking sector, as apart from on-balance sheet funds, financial 
institutions  manage  other  types  of  customer  funds,  such  as  mutual  funds,  pension  funds  and  other  off-balance  sheet 
funds.  

Other customer funds 
Millions of euros 

+  Mutual funds  

+  Pension Funds 

+  Other off-balance sheet funds 
=  Other customer funds 

31-12-19 

31-12-18   

31-12-17 

68,639 

36,630 

2,534 
107,803 

61,393 

33,807 

2,949 
98,150   

59,644 

33,985 

3,081 
96,710  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
152 

Annual Corporate Governance Report 

In accordance with the provisions established by Article 540 of the Spanish Corporate Act, the BBVA Group prepared the 
Annual  Corporate  Governance  Report  for  2019  (which  is  an  integral  part  of  the  Management  Report  for  that  year) 
following the content guidelines set down in Order ECC/461/2013, dated March 20, and in Circular 5/2013, dated June 
12, of Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV), in the wording provided by Circular 2/2018, dated June 12, of 
CNMV.  It  is  also  included  a  section  detailing  the  degree  to  which  the  Bank  is  compliant  with  existing  corporate 
governance recommendations in Spain. In addition, all the information required by Article 539 of the Spanish Corporate 
Act can be accessed on BBVA’s website www.bbva.com. 

 
 
ANNUAL CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT OF LISTED COMPANIES 

ISSUER IDENTIFICATION 

YEAR-END DATE 

31/12/2019 

Tax Identification No. 
[C.I.F.] A48265169 

Company Name: Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. 

Registered Office: 4 Plaza de San Nicolás, 48005 Bilbao (Biscay) 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

153 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNUAL CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT  
OF LISTED COMPANIES 

A. OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE 

A.1 Fill in the following table on the company's share capital:  

Date of last modification 

Share capital (EUR) 

Number of shares 

Number of voting rights 

24/04/2017 

EUR 3,267,264,424.20  6,667,886,580 

6,667,886,580 

Indicate if there are different share classes with different rights associated with them: 

NO 

A.2 Detail the direct and indirect holders of significant shareholdings in your company at financial year-end, 
excluding directors:  

Name or corporate 
name of the 
shareholder 

% of voting rights 
attached to shares 

% of voting rights through 
financial instruments 

Total % of voting 
rights 

Blackrock, Inc. 

5.48% 

Direct 

Indirect 

Direct 

0.44% 

Indirect 

5.92% 

Details of indirect participation: 

Name or 
corporate name 
of indirect 
shareholder 

Name or corporate 
name of direct 
shareholder 

% of voting 
rights attached 
to shares 

% of voting rights 
through financial 
instruments 

Total % of 
voting rights 

Remarks 
State Street Bank and Trust Co., The Bank of New York Mellon S.A.N.V. and Chase Nominees Ltd., as 
international custodian/depositary banks, hold, as of 31 December 2019, 11.68%, 2.03% and 6.64% of 
BBVA's share capital, respectively. Of said positions held by the custodian banks, BBVA is not aware of any 
individual shareholders with direct or indirect holdings greater than or equal to 3% of the BBVA share 
capital. 

Communication of significant shareholdings to the CNMV (Spanish National Securities Market Commission): 
On 18 April 2019, Blackrock, Inc. informed the CNMV that it had an indirect holding of 5.917% of BBVA's 
share capital, through the company Blackrock, Inc. 

Indicate the most significant changes in the shareholder structure during the financial year: 

Name or corporate name of the 
shareholder 

Date of transaction 

Description of transaction 

A.3 Fill in the following tables with the members of the company's Board of Directors with voting rights on 
company shares:  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

154 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name or 
corporate name 
of the director 

% of voting rights 
attached to shares 

% of voting rights 
through financial 
instruments 

Total % of 
voting 
rights 

% of voting rights 
that can be 
transferred through 
financial 
instruments 

Carlos Torres 
Vila 

Direct 

Indirect 

Direct 

Indirect 

Direct 

Indirect 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.01 

0.00 

0.00 

Onur Genç 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

Tomás Alfaro 
Drake 
José Miguel 
Andrés 
Torrecillas 

Jaime Félix 
Caruana Lacorte 

Belén Garijo 
López 

José Manuel 
González-Páramo 
Martínez-Murillo 

Sunir Kumar 
Kapoor 

Carlos Loring 
Martínez de Irujo 

Lourdes Máiz 
Carro 

José Maldonado 
Ramos 

Ana Cristina 
Peralta Moreno 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

Juan Pi Llorens 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

Susana 
Rodríguez 
Vidarte 
Jan Paul Marie 
Francis 
Verplancke 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

Total % of voting rights held by the Board of Directors 

0.02% 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

155 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Details of indirect participation: 

Name or 
corporate 
name of the 
director 

Name or 
corporate 
name of direct 
shareholder 

% of voting 
rights 
attached to 
shares 

% of voting 
rights through 
financial 
instruments 

Total % of 
voting 
rights 

% of voting 
rights that can 
be transferred 
through 
financial 
instruments 

A.4 Where applicable, indicate any family, commercial, contractual or corporate relationships between holders 
of significant shareholdings, insofar as the company is aware of them, unless they are of little relevance or due 
to ordinary trading or exchange activities, except those described in section A.6:  

Name of related person or 
company 

Type of relationship 

Brief description 

A.5 Where applicable, indicate any commercial, contractual or corporate relationships between holders of 
significant shareholdings and the company and/or its group, unless they are of little relevance or due to 
ordinary trading or exchange activities: 

Name of related person or 
company 

Type of relationship 

Brief description 

A.6  Describe the  relationships, unless insignificant for  the  two  parties,  that  exist  between  significant 
shareholders or shareholders represented on the Board and directors, or their representatives in the case of 
proprietary directors. 

Explain, as the case may be, how the significant shareholders are represented. Specifically, state those directors 
appointed to  represent significant shareholders, those whose appointment was  proposed by  significant 
shareholders or who were linked to significant shareholders and/or their group companies, and specify the 
nature of the relationships. In particular, indicate, where applicable, the existence, identity and position of board 
members—or their representatives—of the listed company who are members—or representatives of members—
of the management body of companies that  hold significant shareholdings in  the listed company or of 
companies of said significant shareholders' groups. 

Name or corporate name of 
linked director or 
representative 

Name or corporate name 
of linked holder of 
significant shareholdings 

Name of the 
company of the 
significant 
shareholder's group 

Description 
of 
relationship/
position 

A.7 Indicate whether the company has been informed of any shareholder agreements that may affect it, as 
set out under Articles 530 and 531 of the Corporate Enterprises Act. Where applicable, briefly describe them 
and list the shareholders bound by such agreement: 
NO 

Indicate whether the company is aware of the existence of concerted actions by its shareholders. If so, 
describe them briefly: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

156 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NO 

If there has been any amendment or breaking-off of said pacts or agreements or concerted actions in the 
financial year, indicate this expressly: 

A.8 Indicate whether any legal or natural person exercises or may exercise control over the company pursuant 
to Article 5 of the Securities Exchange Act. If so, identify them: 

A.9 Fill in the following tables regarding the company's treasury shares:  

At financial year-end: 

NO 

Number of direct shares 

Number of indirect shares (*) 

Total % of share capital 

0 

12,617,189 

0.19% 

(*) Through: 

Name or corporate name of direct holder of shareholding 

Number of direct shares 

Corporación General Financiera, S.A. 
Total: 

12,617,189 
12,617,189 

Give details of any significant changes that have occurred during the financial year:  

Explain the significant changes 

In 2019, four communications regarding treasury shares were sent, as the acquisitions had exceeded the 
1% threshold. The communications were as follows: 

  Communication date: 16/01/2019. A total of 5,465,501 direct shares and 44,085,788 indirect 
shares were kept as  treasury shares, representing a total of 0.743% of the share capital. This 
communication was made after acquisitions exceeded the 1% threshold. 

  Communication date: 27/03/2019. A total of 5,767,796 direct shares and 23,568,447 indirect 
shares were kept as  treasury shares, representing a total of 0.440% of the share capital. This 
communication was made after acquisitions exceeded the 1% threshold. 

  Communication date: 28/06/2019. A total of 2,056,497 direct shares and 15,633,396 indirect 
shares were kept as  treasury shares, representing a total of 0.265% of the share capital. This 
communication was made after acquisitions exceeded the 1% threshold. 

  Communication date: 25/09/2019. A total of 534,400 direct shares and 15,616,967 indirect 
shares were kept as  treasury shares, representing a total of 0.242% of the share capital. This 
communication was made after acquisitions exceeded the 1% threshold. 

A.10 Describe the conditions and term of the current mandate of the General Meeting for the Board of Directors 
to issue, buy back and transfer treasury shares.  

  BBVA’s Annual General Shareholders' Meeting held on 17 March 2017, under item three of the 
agenda, passed a resolution to delegate to the Board of Directors the power to increase share capital  
for a period of five years up to a maximum amount corresponding to 50% of BBVA's share capital on 
This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

157 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
the date of such authorisation. This can be done on one or several occasions, to the amount that the 
Board resolves, by issuing new shares of any kind allowed by law, with or without an issue premium, 
the counter-value of said shares comprising cash considerations. The authorisation includes the setting 
out of the terms and conditions of the share capital increase in any respect not provided for in the 
resolution, and delegation to the Board of a power to wholly or partly exclude pre-emptive subscription 
rights in relation to any share capital increase carried out by virtue of the resolution when so demanded 
by the corporate interest and in compliance with the applicable legal requirements. However, this 
power was limited insofar as the nominal amount of the capital increases resolved upon or actually 
carried out with an exclusion of the pre-emptive subscription right by virtue of the above delegation 
or resolved upon or executed to accommodate the conversion of ordinarily convertible issues that are 
also carried out with an exclusion of the pre-emptive subscription right in the exercise of the delegated 
power to issue convertible securities granted by the General Shareholders' Meeting, under item five of 
the agenda, may not exceed the maximum nominal amount, as a whole, of 20% of BBVA's share 
capital at  the  time of delegation. This limit does not apply to issues of contingently convertible 
securities.  

To date, BBVA has not adopted any resolution using this delegated power.  

  BBVA’s Annual General Shareholders' Meeting held on 17 March 2017, under the fifth item on the 
agenda, delegated to the Board of Directors the power to issue securities that are convertible into 
newly issued BBVA shares, on one or more occasions within a maximum term of five years, up to a 
total combined maximum amount of EUR 8,000,000,000 or its equivalent in any other currency; the 
Board may likewise resolve upon, set and determine each and every one of the terms and conditions 
of the issues carried out by virtue  of that  delegated power, determine the  basis and  mode of 
conversion, and resolve upon, set and determine the conversion ratio, which may be fixed or variable. 
Moreover, the General Meeting resolved to delegate to the Board the power to totally or partially 
exclude pre-emptive subscription rights over any issue of convertible securities that may be made 
hereunder, when the  corporate interest so requires, in  compliance with any  legal requirements 
established to this end. However, this power was limited in so far as the normal amount of the capital 
increases resolved upon or  actually carried  out  to  accommodate the  conversion of  ordinarily 
convertible issues executed by virtue of that delegated power with an exclusion of the pre-emptive 
subscription right, and those resolved upon or executed also with an exclusion of the pre -emptive 
subscription right in the exercise of the delegated power to increase share capital granted by the 
General Meeting, under item four of the Agenda, may not exceed the maximum nominal amount, as 
a whole, of 20% of BBVA's share capital at the time of delegation. This limit does not apply to issues 
of contingently convertible securities.  

Through  the  aforementioned delegation, BBVA made  five  issuances of  contingently convertible 
perpetual securities (Additional Tier 1 capital instruments), without pre-emptive subscription rights. In 
particular: two issuances were made in 2017, for amounts of EUR 500 million and USD 1 billion; one 
issuance were made in 2018, for an amount of EUR 1 billion; and two issuances were made in 2019, 
for amounts of EUR 1 billion and USD 1 billion.  

  BBVA’s Annual General Shareholders' Meeting held on 16 March 2018, under the third item of the 
agenda, resolved to grant BBVA the authority, whether directly or through any of its subsidiaries, and 
for a period of no more than five years, at any time and on as many occasions as it deems necessary, 
to derivatively acquire BBVA shares by any means permitted by law, including charging the acquisition 
to the profits for the financial year and/or to freely available reserves, as well as to later divest the 
acquired shares by any means permitted by law. The derivative acquisition of shares is to be carried 
out, in all cases, in accordance with the conditions established by the applicable legislation or by the 
competent authorities and, in particular, with the following conditions: (i) the nominal value of the 
treasury stock acquired, whether directly or indirectly, by means of this authorisation, when added to 
that already held by BBVA and its subsidiaries, may not exceed 10% of the subscribed share capital 
of BBVA or, where appropriate, the maximum amount permitted under the applicable legislation; and 
(ii) the acquisition price per share may not be lower than the nominal value of the share, and must be 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

158 

 
 
 
 
 
 
under 10% higher than the share price or any other price associated with the shares at the time that 
they are acquired. The aforementioned General Shareholders' Meeting also expressly authorised that 
the shares acquired by BBVA or any of its subsidiaries may, through the foregoing authorisation, be 
partially or totally set aside for workers or directors of BBVA or its subsidiaries, either directly or as a 
result of them exercising any option rights that they may hold.  

A.11 Estimated floating capital:  

Estimated floating capital 

% 
93.87 

Remarks 
This estimated floating BBVA capital has been calculated by deducting, from the share capital, the capital 
held by the direct and indirect holders of significant shares (section A.2), the members of the Board of 
Directors (section A.3) and the capital held in treasury shares (section A.9), as of 31 December 2019, in 
accordance with the instructions to complete the Annual Corporate Governance Report.  

A.12 Indicate whether there is any restriction (statutory, legislative or of any other kind) on the transferability 
of securities and/or any restriction on voting rights. In particular, report the existence of any restrictions that 
might hinder the takeover of the company through the purchase of its shares on the market, as well as any 
authorisation or prior communication regimes that are applicable to the purchase or transfer of the company's 
financial instruments in accordance with sector legislation. 

NO 

A.13 Indicate whether the General Meeting has agreed to adopt measures to neutralise a public takeover bid, 
pursuant to Act 6/2007. 

NO 

If so, explain the measures approved and the terms under which the restrictions would be rendered effective: 

A.14 Indicate whether the company has issued securities that are not traded on a regulated market in the EU.  
YES 

Where applicable, indicate the different share classes, and the rights and  obligations that each share class 
confers. 

Indicate the different share classes 
All the shares in BBVA's share capital are of the same class and series, and confer the same political and 
economic rights. There are no different voting rights for any shareholder. There are no shares that do not 
represent capital. 

The Bank's shares are admitted to trade on the stock exchanges in Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia, 
through the Spanish Stock Exchange Interconnection System (Continuous Market), as well as on the stock 
exchanges in London and Mexico. BBVA's American Depositary shares (ADS) are traded on the New York 
stock exchange. 

B GENERAL SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING 

B.1 Indicate, giving details where applicable, whether there are any deviations from the minimum standards 
established under the Corporate Enterprises Act (CEA) with respect to the quorum for holding the General 
Meeting. 

YES 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

159 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
% required for quorum if different 
to that set out in art. 193 of the 
CEA for general circumstances 

% required for quorum if different to 
that set out in art. 194 of the CEA for 
special 
circumstances 

Quorum on first 
call 

0.00% 

Quorum on second call 

0.00% 

66.66% 

60.00% 

Description of the differences 
Article 194 of the Corporate Enterprises Act establishes that in order for a General Meeting (whether ordinary 
or extraordinary) to validly resolve to increase or reduce capital or make any other amendment to the 
bylaws, bond issuance, the suppression or limitation of pre-emptive subscription rights over new shares, or 
the transformation, merger or spin-off of the company or global assignment of assets and liabilities or the 
offshoring of domicile, the shareholders present and represented on first calling must own at least 50% of 
the subscribed capital with voting rights. 

On second calling, 25% of said capital will be sufficient. 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, Article 25 of the  BBVA Bylaws requires a  super quorum of members 
representing two thirds of the subscribed capital with voting rights on first calling, and 60% of the subscribed 
capital on second calling, for the valid adoption of resolutions on the following matters: re -definition of the 
corporate purpose; the transformation, total spin-off or winding up of the Company; and the modification 
of the statutory article defining this super quorum. 

B.2 Indicate, giving details where applicable, whether there are any deviations from the minimum standards 
established under the Corporate Enterprises Act (CEA) for the adoption of corporate resolutions: 

NO 

B.3 Indicate the rules applicable to amendments to the company bylaws. In particular, report the majorities 
established to amend the bylaws, and the rules, if any, to safeguard shareholders' rights when amending the 
bylaws. 

Article 30 of the BBVA Company Bylaws establishes that the General Shareholders' Meeting is empowered to 
amend the Company Bylaws and to confirm or rectify the manner in which they are interpreted by the Board 
of Directors. 

To such end, the rules established under Articles 285 et seq. of the Corporate Enterprises Act shall apply.  

The above paragraph notwithstanding, Article 25 of the BBVA Bylaws establishes that in order to validly adopt 
resolutions regarding any change to the corporate purpose, transformation, total spin-off or winding up of the 
Company and amendment of the second paragraph of said Article 25, two thirds of the subscribed capital with 
voting rights must attend the General Meeting on first calling, and 60% of said capital on second calling. 

As regards the procedure for amending the Bylaws, Article 4.2 c) of Spanish Act 10/2014, of 26 June, on the 
regulation, supervision and solvency of credit institutions, establishes that the Bank of Spain shall be responsible 
for authorising the amendments to the bylaws of credit institutions as set out by regulations.  

Hence, Article 10 of Royal Decree 84/2015, of 13 February, implementing Act 10/2014, stipulates that the 
Bank of Spain shall make a decision within two months following receipt of the request for amendment of the 
Bylaws and that said request must be accompanied by certified minutes recording the agreement, a report 
substantiating the proposal drawn up by the board of directors and draft new bylaws, identifying the cited 
amendments. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

160 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Article 10 of Royal Decree 84/2015 establishes that no prior authorisation 
from the Bank of Spain is required, though the latter must be notified for the purposes of entry in the Registro 
de Entidades de Crédito (Spanish register of credit institutions), for amendments with the following purposes:  

- Change of the registered office within the national territory. 

- Share capital increase. 

- Verbatim incorporation into the bylaws of legal or regulatory precepts of a mandatory or prohibitive nature, 
or for the purpose of complying with legal or administrative decisions. 

- Those amendments for which the Bank of Spain, in response to a prior enquiry made by the affected bank, 
deems that authorisation is not required due to their little relevance. 

This communication must be made within 15 working days following the adoption of the by-laws amendment 
resolution. 

Finally, as a significant entity, BBVA is under the direct supervision of the European Central Bank (ECB) in 
cooperation with the Bank of Spain under the Single Supervisory Mechanism, so the authorisation of the Bank 
of Spain mentioned above will be submitted to the European Central Bank, prior to its resolution by the Bank 
of Spain. 

B.4 Give details of attendance at General Shareholders' Meetings held during the financial year of this report 
and the previous two financial years:  

Date of General 
Meeting 

% physically 
present 

% present by 
proxy 

% distance voting 

Electronic 

vote 

Other 

Total 

Attendance data 

15/03/2019 

Of which is floating 
capital: 

16/03/2018 

Of which is floating 
capital: 
17/03/2017 

Of which is floating 
capital: 

1.77% 

1.75% 

1.71% 

1.62% 

1.89% 

1.81% 

38.95% 

0.92% 

22.79% 

64.43% 

33.03% 

0.92% 

22.79% 

58.49% 

40.47% 

0.23% 

22.13% 

64.54% 

34.53% 

0.23% 

22.13% 

58.51% 

38.68% 

0.19% 

22.95% 

63.71% 

33.07% 

0.19% 

22.95% 

58.02% 

B.5 Indicate whether there were any items on the agenda that were not approved by shareholders for any 
reason, for all meetings that took place in the financial year. 

NO 

B.6 Indicate if there is any statutory restriction that sets out a minimum number of shares required to attend 
the General Meeting or vote remotely: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

161 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
YES 

Number of shares required to attend the General Meeting 
Number of shares required to vote remotely 

500 
1 

Remarks 
Article 23 of the BBVA Bylaws establishes that holders of 500 shares or more may attend ordinary and 
extraordinary General Shareholders' Meetings, provided that their shares are registered at least five days 
prior to such a meeting, in the corresponding accounting record, in accordance with the Securities Exchange 
Act and other applicable provisions.  

Holders of fewer shares may group together until they have at least that number, and name a representative.  

However, there is no minimum number of shares required to vote remotely. Pursuant to the provisions of 
Article 8 of BBVA's Regulations of the General Shareholders' Meeting, shareholders may vote by proxy, by 
post, electronically or by any other means of remote communication, provided that the voter’s identity is 
duly guaranteed. In terms of the constitution of the General Shareholders' Meeting, shareholders who vote 
remotely will be counted as present.  

B.7 Indicate whether it has been established that certain decisions, other than those set out by law, involving 
an acquisition, disposal, the allocation of essential assets to another company or a similar corporate transaction, 
must be submitted to the General Shareholders' Meeting for approval. 

NO 

B.8 Indicate the address and means of access through the company website to information on corporate 
governance and other information on the general meetings that must be made available to shareholders on 
the company's website. 

Information on corporate governance and the Company’s general meetings can be accessed via the Banco 
Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria,  S.A. company website, www.bbva.com, in  the Shareholders and  Investors – 
Corporate Governance and Remuneration Policy section (https://accionistaseinversores.bbva.com/gobierno-
corporativo-y-politica-de-remuneraciones/). 

C   COMPANY MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE 

C.1 Board of directors 

C.1.1 Maximum and minimum number of directors established in the bylaws and the number set by the 
general meeting: 

Maximum number of directors 

Minimum number of directors 

Number of directors set by the general meeting 

15 

5 

15 

Remarks 
In  accordance with the  provisions of Article 34, Paragraph 2  of the Bylaws, the General Shareholders' 
Meeting, held on 15 March 2019, resolved to set the total number of directors on the Board of Directors 
of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. at 15. 

C.1.2 Fill in the following table on the board members: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

162 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name or 
corporate 
name of the 
director 

Carlos Torres 
Vila 

Onur Genç 

Tomás Alfaro 
Drake 

José Miguel 
Andrés 
Torrecillas 

Jaime Félix 
Caruana 
Lacorte 

Belén Garijo 
López 

José Manuel 
González-
Páramo 
Martínez-
Murillo 

Sunir Kumar 
Kapoor 

Carlos Loring 
Martínez de 
Irujo 

Lourdes Máiz 
Carro 

José 
Maldonado 
Ramos 

Ana Cristina 
Peralta Moreno 

Juan Pi Llorens 

Representative 

Directorship 
type 

Position on 
the Board 

Date of first 
appointment 

Date of most 
recent 
appointment 

Election 
procedure 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Executive 

Chairman 

04/05/2015 

15/03/2019 

Executive 

Chief 
Executive 
Officer 

20/12/2018 

15/03/2019 

Other external 

Director 

18/03/2006 

17/03/2017 

Independent 

Deputy  Chair 

13/03/2015 

16/03/2018 

Independent 

Director 

16/03/2018 

- 

Independent 

Director 

16/03/2012 

16/03/2018 

Executive 

Director 

29/05/2013 

17/03/2017 

Independent 

Director 

11/03/2016 

15/03/2019 

Other external 

Director 

28/02/2004 

17/03/2017 

Independent 

Director 

14/03/2014 

17/03/2017 

Other external 

Director 

28/01/2000 

16/03/2018 

Independent 

Director 

16/03/2018 

- 

Independent 

Lead Director 

27/07/2011 

16/03/2018 

Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 

Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 

Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

163 

 
 
Susana 
Rodríguez 
Vidarte 

Jan Paul Marie 
Francis 
Verplancke 

- 

- 

Other external 

Director 

28/05/2002 

17/03/2017 

Independent 

Director 

16/03/2018 

- 

Total number of directors 

Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 
Resolution of the 
General 
Shareholders' 
Meeting 

15 

Indicate any appointment terminations, as a result of resignation, dismissal or any other reason, that have 
occurred on the Board of Directors during the reporting period: 

Name or 
corporate 
name of the 
director 

Directorship 
type at the 
time of 
termination 

Date of most 
recent 
appointment 

Termination 
date 

Specialist 
committees 
of which the 
director was a 
member 

Indicate 
whether the 
termination 
occurred 
before the 
end of the 
mandate 

Cause of the termination and other remarks 

C.1.3 Fill in the following tables on the board members and their directorship type:  

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS  

Name or corporate 
name of the director 

Position within 
the company's 
organisation 
structure 

Profile 

Chairman of the BBVA Board of Directors.  
He was  Chief Executive Officer of BBVA from May 2015 to 
December 2018, Head of Digital Banking from 2014 to 2015 
and Head of Corporate Development & Strategy from 2008 to 
2014. 
In addition, he previously held positions of responsibility in other 
companies, such as Chief Financial Officer, Director of Corporate 
Strategy and member of the Executive Committee of Endesa, as 
well as partner at McKinsey & Company.   
He completed his studies in Electrical Engineering (BSc) at the 
Massachusetts Institute of  Technology (MIT), where  he  also 
received a  degree  in  Business Administration.  He holds  a 
master's degree in Management (MS) from the MIT Sloan School 
of  Management and  also a  Law  degree from  the  National 
Distance Education University (UNED).  
Chief Executive Officer of BBVA. 
He served as President and CEO of BBVA Compass and BBVA 
Country Manager in the U.S. from 2017 to December 2018, as 

Carlos Torres Vila 

Chairman 

Onur Genç 

Chief Executive 
Officer 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

164 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
well as  Deputy CEO and  Executive Vice President at Garanti 
BBVA between 2012 and 2017.  
He  has  also held  positions of responsibility at  McKinsey & 
Company (in  the  Turkey,  Canada,  Netherlands and  United 
Kingdom offices), having previously been a Senior Partner and 
Manager of its Turkish office. 
He  holds a  degree  in  Electrical Engineering  (BS) from  the 
University of  Boğaziçi in  Turkey  and  a  master's  degree  in 
Business  Administration  (MSIA/MBA)  from  Carnegie  Mellon 
University in the USA. 
Executive Director and Head of Global Economics and Public 
Affairs of BBVA. 
He  is  Chairman  for  Europe  of  the  Trans-Atlantic  Business 
Council, Chairman  of  the  Fundación  Consejo España-Perú, 
Chairman of European DataWarehouse GmbH and Professor at 
IESE Business School.  
He has been a member of various organisations, including the 
Executive  Committee  and  the  Governing  Council  of  the 
European  Central  Bank,  the  Governing  Council  and  the 
Executive Committee of the Bank of Spain and the Committee 
on the Global Financial System of the Bank for International 
Settlements.  
He has a Ph.D., M.Phil. and M.A. in Economics from Columbia 
University in New York and  a  Ph.D. in  Economics from the 
Complutense University of Madrid. He has also been awarded 
an  honorary doctorate by the  University of Malaga and  is a 
member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts and a 
full  member  of  the  Royal Academy of  Moral  and  Political 
Sciences. 

Total number of executive directors 
% of all directors 

3 
20% 

José Manuel 
González-Páramo 
Martínez-Murillo 

Head of Global 
Economics and 
Public Affairs 

EXTERNAL PROPRIETARY DIRECTORS 

EXTERNAL INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS 

Name or corporate name of 
the director 

Profile 

José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 

Deputy Chair of the BBVA Board of Directors. 
His professional career began at Ernst & Young as General Managing 
Partner of Audit and Advisory Services and Chairman of Ernst & Young 
Spain until 2014.  
He has been a  member of various organisations such as the ROAC 
(Registro Oficial de Auditores de Cuentas — official registry of auditors), 
the REA (Registro de Economistas Auditores — registry of economic 
auditors),  the  Junta  Directiva  del  Instituto  Español  de  Analistas 
Financieros (Spanish Institute of Financial Analysts Management Board), 
Fundación Empresa y  Sociedad (Business and Society Foundation), 
Instituto de Censores Jurados de Cuentas de España (Spanish Institute 
of Chartered Accountants), Consejo Asesor del Instituto de Auditores 
Internos (Advisory Board of the Institute of Internal Auditors) and the 
Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales (ICAEW).  
He  holds a  degree in  Economic and  Business Sciences from the 
Complutense  University  of  Madrid  and  post-graduate  studies  in 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

165 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management Programs from IESE, Harvard and IMD.  
He has been General Manager of the Bank of International Settlements 
(BIS), Director of the Monetary and Capital Markets Department and 
Financial  Counsellor  and  General  Manager  of  the  International 
Monetary Fund (IMF), Chairman of the Basel Committee on Banking 
Supervision, Governor of  the  Bank  of  Spain  and  member  of  the 
Governing  Council  of  the  European  Central  Bank,  among  other 
positions. He is a member of the Group of Thirty (G-30) and Trustee of 
the Spanish Aspen Institute Foundation. 
He  holds a  degree  in  Telecommunications Engineering from  the 
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación (ETSIT) of 
the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and is a Commercial Technician 
and State Economist. 
She is a  member of the Merck Group Executive Board and CEO of 
Merck Healthcare, a member of the L'Oréal Board of Directors and 
Chair  of  the  International Senior  Executive  Committee  (ISEC)  of 
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). 
She has held various positions of responsibility at Abbott Laboratories, 
Rhône-Poulenc, Aventis Pharma and Sanofi Aventis.  
She is a graduate in Medicine from the University of Alcalá de Henares 
in Madrid and a specialist in Clinical Pharmacology at Hospital de la 
Paz,  Autonomous University of Madrid. She  also holds a  master's 
degree in Business and Management from the Ashridge Management 
School (UK). 
He is involved in a range of technology companies in Silicon Valley and 
is  Operating  Partner  at  Atlantic  Bridge  Capital, 
Europe,  and 
independent director at Stratio, director at iQuate Limited and mCloud 
consultant.  
He  has  been  Manager  of Business Enterprise EMEA  for Microsoft 
Europe and  Director of Worldwide Business Strategy for Microsoft 
Corporation. Among other roles, he was  previously Executive Vice 
President and Chief Marketing Officer of Cassatt Corporation and Chair 
and CEO of UBmatrix Incorporated. 
He holds a Bachelor's in Physics from the University of Birmingham and 
a Master's in Computer Systems from Cranfield Institute of Technology. 
She was Secretary of the Board of Directors and Director of Legal 
Services at Iberia, Líneas Aéreas de España until April 2016. She has 
also  been  a  director of  several  companies, including Renfe, GIF 
(Gerencia de  Infraestructuras Ferroviarias —  Railway  Infrastructure 
Administrator, now ADIF), the ICO (Instituto de Crédito Oficial — Official 
Credit Institution), Aldeasa and Banco Hipotecario. 
She worked in Research, giving classes in Metaphysics and Theory of 
Knowledge at the Complutense University of Madrid for five years. She 
became State Attorney and held various positions of responsibility in 
Public Administration, including General Director of  Administrative 
Organisation, Job Positions and I.T. (Ministry of Public Administrations), 
General  Director  of  the  Sociedad  Estatal  de  Participaciones 
Patrimoniales (SEPPA) at the Ministry of Economy and Finance and 
Technical General Secretariat of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries 
and Food.  
She holds degrees in Law and Philosophy and Education Sciences as 
well as a Ph.D. in Philosophy.  
She  is  independent director and  chair  of  the  Audit  and  Control 
Committee at  Grenergy  Renovables and  independent  director of 
Inmobiliaria Colonial, Socimi, S.A.  

Jaime Félix Caruana Lacorte 

Belén Garijo López 

Sunir Kumar Kapoor 

Lourdes Máiz Carro 

Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

166 

 
 
She was previously Chief Risk Officer and a member of the Bankinter 
Management Committee, and Chief Risk Officer and member of the 
Banco Pastor Management Committee. She has  also held  various 
positions  in  a  number  of  financial  entities,  notably  serving  as 
independent director of Deutsche Bank SAE, as well as Chair of the 
Audit and Risk Committee and of the Appointments Committee of this 
company, independent director at Banco Etcheverría, Chair of the Risk 
Committee and  member  of the  Audit and  Regulatory Compliance 
Committee of  this  company, independent director of  Grupo  Lar 
Holding Residencial, S.A.U. and Grupo Lar  Unidad Terciario, S.L.U., 
and Senior Advisor at Oliver Wyman Financial Services. 
She  is  a  graduate  in  Economic  and  Business  Sciences  from 
Complutense University of Madrid. She also has a master's degree in 
Economic-Financial  Management  from  the  Centro  de  Estudios 
Financieros (CEF), Program for Management Development (PMD) at 
Harvard  Business School and PADE (Programa de Alta Dirección de 
Empresas – senior management programme) at IESE.  
Lead Director of BBVA.  
He is currently a non-executive director at Oesia Networks, S.L. and 
Tecnobit, S.L.U. (Grupo Oesía). 
He has had a professional career at IBM holding various senior positions 
at a national and international level, including Vice President of Sales at 
IBM Europe, Vice President of Technology & Systems at IBM Europe 
and  Vice President of the  Financial Services Sector in  the  Growth 
Markets Units (GMU) in China. He was also Executive Chairman of IBM 
Spain.  
He  holds a  degree in  Industrial Engineering from the  Universidad 
Politécnica  de  Barcelona  and  completed the  PDG  (Programa  en 
Dirección General – general management programme) at IESE. 
His has been Chief Information Officer (CIO) and Head of Technology 
and Banking Operations at Standard Chartered Bank, Vice President of 
Technology and CIO for EMEA at Dell, as well as Vice President and 
Chief of Architecture and Vice President of Information of the Youth 
Category at Levi Strauss. 
He holds a  bachelor's degree in  Science, specialising in  Computer 
Science, from the Programming Centre of the North Atlantic Treaty 
Organization (NATO) in Belgium. 

Total number of independent directors 

% of all directors 

8 

53.33% 

Juan Pi Llorens 

Jan Paul Marie Francis 
Verplancke 

Indicate whether any director considered an independent director is receiving from the company or from its 
group any amount or benefit under any item that is not the remuneration for their directorship, or maintains 
or has maintained over the last financial year a business relationship with the company or any company in its 
group, whether in their own name or as a significant shareholder, director or senior manager of an entity that 
maintains or has maintained such a relationship. 

Where applicable, include a reasoned statement from the board with the reasons why it deems that this director 
can perform their duties as an independent director. 

Name or corporate name of the director 

Description of the 
relationship 

Reasoned statement 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

167 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OTHER EXTERNAL DIRECTORS 

Identify all other external directors and explain why these cannot be considered proprietary or independent 
directors, and detail their relationships with the company, its executives or  shareholders: 

Name or 
corporate name 
of the director 

Reasons 

Company, 
executive or 
shareholder to 
which related 

Profile 

Tomás Alfaro 
Drake 

Tomás Alfaro Drake has 
been  a  director  for  a 
continuous  period  of 
more than 12 years. 

Banco Bilbao 
Vizcaya 
Argentaria, S.A. 

Carlos Loring 
Martínez de Irujo 

Carlos  Loring Martínez 
de  Irujo  has  been  a 
director 
a 
continuous  period  of 
more than 12 years. 

for 

Banco Bilbao 
Vizcaya 
Argentaria, S.A. 

José Maldonado 
Ramos  

José Maldonado Ramos 
has been a director for a 
continuous  period  of 
more than 12 years. 

Banco Bilbao 
Vizcaya 
Argentaria, S.A. 

Susana Rodríguez 
Vidarte 

Susana 
Rodríguez 
Vidarte  has  been  a 
director 
a 
continuous  period  of 
more than 12 years. 

for 

Banco Bilbao 
Vizcaya 
Argentaria, S.A. 

He is Director of Internal Development and Professor of 
the  Finance Department at  Universidad  Francisco de 
Vitoria. 
He has held positions such as Director of the bachelor's 
degree in Business Management and Administration, of 
the Diploma in Business Sciences and of the degrees in 
Marketing  and 
in  Business  Management  and 
Administration at Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, among 
others.  
He holds a  bachelor's degree in  Engineering from the 
Higher  Technical School of  Engineering  (ICAI)  at  the 
Comillas Pontifical University and  a  master's degree in 
Economics and Business Management (MBA) from IESE. 
He has been partner and  member of the Management 
Committee of Garrigues law firm, where he performed the 
roles of  Director of Mergers and  Acquisitions and  of 
Banking and  Capital Markets, and  was  responsible for 
advising large listed companies.  
He holds a Law degree from Complutense University of 
Madrid.  
Over the course of his professional career, he has held 
the positions of Secretary of the Board of Directors at a 
number of companies, most notably as Secretary General 
of Argentaria, before taking up the position of Secretary 
General of BBVA. He took early retirement as  a  Bank 
executive in December 2009.  
He holds a Law degree from Complutense University of 
Madrid. In 1978, he became State Attorney. 
She  has  been Professor of Strategy at  the  Faculty of 
Economics and Business Administration at the University 
of Deusto and a non-practising member of the Institute of 
Accounting and Accounts Auditing.  
She was Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Business 
Administration at the University of Deusto, Director of the 
Instituto 
Postgraduate  Area  and  Director  of 
Internacional de Dirección de Empresas (INSIDE). 
She holds a Ph.D. in Economic and Business Sciences 
from Deusto University.  

the 

Total number of other external directors 

% of all directors 

4 

26.67% 

Indicate any changes that may have occurred during the period in the directorship type of each director:  
This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

168 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Name or corporate name of the director Date of change  Previous type 

Current type 

Remarks 

C.1.4 Fill in the following table with information regarding the number of female directors over the last four 
financial years and their directorship types: 

Number of female directors 

% of all directors of each type 

Financial 
year 
2019 
0 
0 
3 
1 
4 

Financial 
year 
2018 
0 
0 
3 
1 
4 

Financial 
year 
2017 
0 
0 
2 
1 
3 

Financial 
year 
2016 
0 
0 
2 
1 
3 

Financial 
year 
2019 

0.00% 
0.00% 
37.5% 
25% 
26.67% 

Financial 
year 
2018 

0.00% 
0.00% 
37.5% 
25% 
26.67% 

Financial 
year 
2017 

0.00% 
0.00% 
33.33% 
25% 
23.08% 

Financial 
year 
2016 

0.00% 
0.00% 
25% 
25% 
20% 

Executive 
Proprietary 
Independent 
Other external 
Total: 

C.1.5 Indicate whether the company has diversity policies for the company's board of directors with regard to 
issues such as age,  gender, disabilities, or professional training and  experience. In accordance with the 
definition given in the Spanish Account Auditing Act, small and medium-sized companies will have to report, 
at a minimum, the policy that they have agreed in regard to gender diversity. 

YES 

If yes, please outline these diversity policies, their objectives, their measures, the way in which they have been 
applied and the results thereof in this financial year. Any specific measures adopted by the board of directors 
and the appointments committee to attain a balanced and diverse representation of directors must also be 
indicated. 

If the company does have a diversity policy, explain the reason for this. 

Outline of the policies, their objectives, their measures, the way in which they have been applied 
and the results thereof 
The composition of the Board of Directors is a key element of BBVA Corporate Governance System. As 
such, it must help the corporate bodies to adequately perform their management and oversight functions, 
providing different viewpoints and opinions, fostering debate, analysis and critical review of the proposals 
submitted for its consideration.  

Thus, the Board of Directors currently consists of a  combination of people with wide experience and 
knowledge of the financial and banking sector, with directors with experience and knowledge of different 
matters that are of interest to the Bank and Group (such as auditing, digital business and technology, legal 
and academic fields or multinational businesses), overall achieving adequate balance and diversity in its 
composition, allowing for a better operation. 

For this purpose, the Regulations of the Board of Directors establishes as a general principle that directors 
must meet the suitability requirements to perform their role and they must therefore display a recognised 
business and professional reputation, have the adequate knowledge and experience to carry out their duties 
and be in a position to exercise good governance of the Company. The composition of the Board shall seek 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

169 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
to ensure adequate representation of the under-represented gender, an ample majority of non-executive 
directors over executive directors and that at least one third of the Board are independent directors.  

Similarly, as part of the provisions of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, BBVA has a Policy for the 
selection, appointment, rotation and diversity of its Board members (the "Selection Policy"), which has been 
approved by the Board of Directors and contains the principles and the specific procedure for selecting, 
appointing and rotating the Bank's directors and the requirements for performing the role of BBVA director. 
The Selection Policy states that the selection, appointment and rotation procedures for the Board of Directors 
will aim to attain a composition of the Company's corporate bodies that enables the duties assigned by law, 
Bylaws and its own Regulations to be properly carried out in the best corporate interest.   

To this effect, the Selection Policy establishes that the Board of Directors will ensure that these procedures 
allow to identify the most suitable candidates at all times, based on the needs of the corporate bodies, and 
that they favour diversity of experience, knowledge, skills and gender, and, in general, do not suffer from 
implicit biases that may involve any kind of discrimination.  

In particular, the Selection Policy states that selection procedures should not entail any discrimination that 
may hinder the selection of female directors and that, by 2020, the number of female board members will 
represent, at least, 30% of the total number of members of the Board of Directors .  

Additionally, it shall ensure that the composition of the Board of Directors has an  appropriate balance 
between the different categories of board members and that non-executive directors represent an ample 
majority over executive directors, and that the number of independent directors accounts for, at least, 50% 
of the total board members. 

The candidates to be put forward as BBVA directors must have suitable skills, experience and qualifications, 
meet the suitability requirements needed to hold the position and possess the required availability and 
dedication to carry out their duties. They must also be able to comply with the requirements set out in the 
Regulations of the Board of Directors in terms of suitable performance of director duties, in particular those 
related to due diligence and loyalty, avoiding conflicts of interest and complying with the required rules for 
position incompatibility and limitations for BBVA directors. 

To ensure a  suitable composition of the Board at  all times, in accordance with the provisions of the 
Regulations of the Board and with the Selection Policy, and in order to achieve the targets established in the 
Selection Policy regarding the needs and the most suitable people to form part of the corporate bodies, the 
Bank  carries out an  ordered refreshment process, based on a  suitable planned rotation of the Board 
members, ensuring an appropriate composition of the Board at all times.  

This process begins with the periodic analysis, performed by the Appointments and Corporate Governance 
Committee, of the structure, size and composition of the Board, taking into consideration the required 
diversity of gender, knowledge, competence and experience, the results of the evaluation of the status of 
Directors and independent judgement and suitability, and also the dedication that the Bank requires to 
properly perform the role of director, all in accordance with the needs of the Corporate bodies at the time 
and taking into account the Selection Policy. This process also facilitates the identification of the Board's 
existing skills, characteristics, experience and diversity, and the areas that need to be improved in the future 
to ensure that the Board as a whole possesses the knowledge, skills and experie nce required to enable its 
proper composition and operation.  

Continued in section H of this Report.  

C.1.6 Explain any measures that have been agreed by the Appointments Committee to ensure that the 
selection procedures are free from implicit biases that could hinder the selection of female directors, and to 
ensure that the company includes and makes a conscious effort to find potential female candidates who match 
the professional profile, in order to achieve a balanced representation of men and women: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

170 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explanation of the measures 

As of the date of this report, four women sit on the BBVA Board of Directors, making up 26.67% of the 
Board, and  they are  also members of  five of the  Board committees. The  Audit Committee and  the 
Remunerations Committee include a majority of women, and the latter is chaired by a women. 

The General Shareholders' Meeting is responsible for appointing members of the Board of Directors in 
accordance with Article 30.b) of the Bylaws and Article 2 of the Regulations of the Board; however, if a seat 
falls vacant, the Board has the authority to co-opt members. The role of the Appointments and Corporate 
Governance Committee is to  assist the  Board  of Directors in  matters  relating  to  the  selection and 
appointment of directors and,  in  particular, to  submit  to  the  Board  of  Directors proposals for  the 
appointment, re-appointment or removal of independent  directors and to report on proposals for the 
appointment, re-appointment or removal of all other directors. 

To this end, Article 5 of the Regulations of the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee states 
that the Committee will assess the balance of knowledge, skills and experience of the Board of Directors, 
the conditions candidates must satisfy to fill any vacancies that arise, and the time commitment considered 
necessary to enable them to adequately carry out their duties, according to the needs of the  corporate 
bodies at any given time. The Committee will ensure that selection procedures are not implicitly biased in 
such a way that may entail any kind of discrimination and, in particular, that may hinder the selection of 
directors of the underrepresented gender, endeavouring that directors of said gender who display the 
professional profile sought are included amongst potential candidates . 

Furthermore, BBVA has established a Selection Policy that states that the procedures for the selection, 
appointment and rotation of the Board of Directors must aim to achie ve a  composition of the Bank's 
corporate bodies that enables the latter to properly perform the duties assigned to them by the law, the 
Company Bylaws and their own Regulations, in the best corporate interest. To this effect, the Board of 
Directors will ensure that these procedures enable the identification of the most suitable candidates at any 
given time based on the requirements of the corporate bodies, that they promote diversity of experience, 
knowledge, skills and gender and, in general, that they are free from implicit biases that could result in any 
kind of discrimination. 

In particular, the Selection Policy states that selection procedures should not entail any discrimination that 
may hinder the selection of female directors and that, by 2020, the number of female board members 
should represent, at least, 30% of the total number of members of the Board of Directors. Additionally, it 
shall ensure that the composition of the Board of Directors has an appropriate balance between the different 
categories of board members and that non-executive directors represent an ample majority over executive 
directors.  

In addition, to ensure the proper composition and operation of the Board of Directors as a whole at all times, 
its structure, size and composition will be  analysed regularly, as well as  its existing skills,  knowledge, 
experience and diversity and the areas that need to be improved in the future. For these purposes, the 
relevant procedures are in place to identify and select the candidates that may, if required, be proposed as 
new members of the Board of Directors, when considered necessary or appropriate. This analysis process 
also considers the composition of the different Board committees that assist this corporate body in the 
performance of its duties and  that constitute an essential element of the BBVA Corporate Governance 
System. 

In carrying out the above-mentioned selection processes, the Appointments and Corporate Governance 
Committee relies on the support of prestigious consultants to select independent directors internationally. 
These consultants carry out an independent search for potential candidates that meet the profile defined in 
each case by the Committee. 

During these processes, the external expert is expressly requested to include women with suitable profiles 
among the candidates to be submitted, and the Committee analyses the personal and professional profiles 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

171 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of all candidates presented on the basis of the information provided by the external independent expert, in 
light of the needs of the Bank's corporate bodies at any given time. For these purposes, it assesses the skills, 
knowledge and experience required to be a director of the Bank and takes into account both the rules on 
incompatibilities and conflicts of interest and the commitment deemed necessary to carry out the relevant 
duties.  

Continued in section H of this Report.  

When, despite the measures taken, there are few or no female directors, explain the reasons:  

C.1.7 Explain the conclusions of the appointments committee regarding the verification of compliance with 
the board member selection policy. In particular, explain how this policy is promoting the objective of having 
female directors represent at least 30% of the total number of board members by 2020.  

Over  the  course of  the  financial year,  the  Appointments and  Corporate Governance Committee has 
continuously analysed the structure, size and composition of the Board of Directors and the principles and 
targets established in the Selection Policy (as previously detailed in sections C.1.5 and C.1.6) on the basis of 
the needs of the corporate bodies at any given time, the reality of the Group's structure and businesses and 
the regulatory requirements and market best practices. 

With regard to the suitability requirements to perform the duties of a director, specifically the requirements for 
recognised business and  professional reputation, adequate knowledge and experience and  the ability to 
exercise good governance of the Company (all of which are set out in the Selection Policy), the Appointments 
and Corporate Governance Committee considered that the composition of the Board of Directors, as a whole, 
is suitably balanced and that the Board has sufficient knowledge of the environment, activities, strategies and 
risks of the Bank and the Group, which helps to improve its operation. 

Furthermore, it has assessed that the Bank's directors have the necessary reputation to fulfil their roles, the 
required skills, and sufficient availability to enable them to dedicate the time required to perform the duties 
assigned to them. 

Regarding the selection, appointment and rotation procedures for the Board of Directors, which aim to ensure 
that the composition of the corporate bodies allows them to properly carry out the duties assigned to them in 
the best corporate interest, the Committee deemed it appropriate, throughout the financial year, to continue 
the continuous refreshment process of the Board of Directors. This process aims to ensure that the Board 
includes directors with experience and knowledge of the financial and banking sector and of the Group's culture 
and businesses, gradually including people with different professional profiles and experience to improve the 
diversity of its corporate bodies. 

The Committee therefore endeavours to ensure that the selection, appointment and rotation procedures 
identify the most suitable candidates at any given time based on the needs of the corporate bodies, that they 
promote diversity of experience, knowledge, skills and gender and, in general, that they are free from implicit 
biases that could result any kind of discrimination. For these purposes, it has worked with a leading international 
independent consultancy firm to help select directors. 

The Committee also encourages the recruitment of new Board members that enable to fulfil or maintain the 
targets set out in the Selection Policy, while ensuring that the selection processes are carried out to the highest 
degree of professionalism and independence. 

As a result of the above, prior to submitting the corresponding proposals for the appointment and re-election 
of  directors to  the  2019  General Shareholders' Meeting, the  Committee al so analysed and  took into 
consideration the Selection Policy requirements that endeavour that the number of female directors represent 
at least 30% of the total number of Board members by 2020, that non-executive directors represent a majority 
over executive directors, and that the number of independent directors account for at least 50% of all directors. 
It also took into account its analysis of the structure, size and composition of the Board, including its assessment 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

172 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of the Board's existing knowledge, experience and diversity and of those areas that need to be improved in 
the future to ensure the proper composition and operation of the Board as a whole.  

Thus, following the resolutions approved by the 2019 General Shareholders' Meeting, the number of female 
directors remained a total of 4, which equals 26.67% of all directors (15) and is close to the 2020 target of at 
least 30% set by the Selection Policy. Non-executive directors represent a clear majority on the Board (80%) 
and the number of independent directors remains at least 50% of the total, in line with the provisions set out 
in the aforementioned Selection Policy. 

Similarly,  for the purposes of the proposals for the appointment and re -election  of directors that will be 
submitted to the 2020 General Shareholders' Meeting, and in the framework of the refreshment process of 
the Board that led to 2019 selection process, the Committee has analysed the size, structure and composition 
of the Board, and  concluded that BBVA's corporate bodies maintain a structure, size and composition that 
meet their needs, enable best performance of their functions and, as in recent financial years, ensure that non-
executive directors represent a majority on the Board and that at least half of its directors are independent 
directors, in line with the Regulations of the Board of Directors and the Selection Policy. 

Continued in section H of this Report. 

C.1.8 Where applicable, explain why proprietary directors have been appointed at the behest of shareholders 
whose holding is less than 3% of the capital: 

Name or corporate name of the shareholder 

Justification 

Indicate whether formal petitions for a seat on the Board have been denied if such request has come from 
shareholders whose holding is equal to or greater than  that of others at whose behest proprietary directors 
were appointed. Where applicable, explain why these petitions were not granted: 

NO 

C.1.9 Where applicable, indicate the powers and faculties delegated by the Board of Directors to directors or 
to board committees: 

Name or corporate name of the director 
or committee 

Brief description 

Carlos Torres Vila  

Onur Genç 

representation  and 
Holds  wide-ranging  powers  of 
administration in line with his duties as Chairman of the 
Company. 
Holds  wide-ranging  powers  of 
representation  and 
administration in  line with  his duties as  Chief Executive 
Officer of the Company.  

José Manuel González-Páramo Martínez-
Murillo 

Holds powers of representation and administration in line 
with his duties as Head of Global Economics & Public Affairs.  

Executive Committee 

Pursuant to Article 30 of BBVA's Regulations of the Board 
of  Directors and  Article 1.2  of  the  Regulations of the 
Executive Committee, the Executive Committee will deal 
with those matters of the Board of Directors that the Board 
agrees to delegate to it, in accordance with the law, the 
Bylaws, the Regulations of the Board of Directors or the 
Regulations of the Executive Committee. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

173 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C.1.10 Where applicable, identify any members of the Board who hold positions as directors, representatives 
of directors or executives in other companies that belong to the same group as the listed Company:  

Name or corporate name of 
the director 

Corporate name of the group's entity 

Position 

Carlos Torres Vila 

Carlos Torres Vila 

Onur Genç 

Onur Genç 

Onur Genç 

BBVA  Bancomer,  S.A.,  Institución  de 
Banca Múltiple, Grupo Financiero BBVA 
Bancomer 
Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer, S.A. 
de C.V. 
BBVA USA Bancshares, Inc. 
BBVA  Bancomer,  S.A.,  Institución  de 
Banca Múltiple, Grupo Financiero BBVA 
Bancomer 
Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer, S.A. 
de C.V. 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Does the 
director 
have 
executive 
duties? 

No 

No 

No 

No 

No 

C.1.11 Where applicable, provide details of any Company directors (or representatives of corporate directors) 
who also serve as directors (or representatives of corporate directors) on the boards of other entities that are 
listed on a regulated stock market and do not form part of the Company Group, of which the company has 
been informed: 

Name or corporate name of the director 

Corporate name of the listed 
entity 

Position 

José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 

Zardoya Otis, S.A. 

Director 

Belén Garijo López 

L'Oréal Société Anonyme 

Director 

Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 

Grenergy Renovables, S.A. 

Director 

Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 

Inmobiliaria Colonial, SOCIMI S.A.  Director 

Juan Pi Llorens 

Ecolumber, S,A. 

Chairman 

C.1.12 Indicate and, where applicable, explain whether the Company has any agreed rules on the maximum 
number of company boards on which its directors may sit, detailing where such rules have been set out: 
YES 

Explanation of the rules and where they are set out 
Article 11 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors provides that, in the performance of their duties, 
directors  will be subject  to the rules on limitations and incompatibilities established under the current 
applicable regulations, and in particular, to the provisions of Act 10/2014 on the regulation, supervision and 
solvency of credit institutions. 

Article 26 of Act 10/2014 stipulates that the directors of credit institutions may not simultaneously hold 
more positions than those provided for in the following combinations: (i) one executive position and two 
non-executive positions; or (ii) four non-executive positions. Executive positions are understood to be those 
that undertake management duties irrespective of the legal bond attributed by those duties. The following 
will count as a  single position: 1) exec utive or non-executive positions held within the same group; 2) 
executive or non-executive positions held within (i) entities that form part of the same institutional protection 
This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

174 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
scheme or (ii) trading companies in which the entity holds a significant shareholding. Positions held in non-
profit organisations or  entities or  companies pursuing  non-commercial purposes will not count when 
determining the maximum number of positions. Nevertheless, the Bank of Spain may authorise members 
of the Board of Directors to hold an additional non-executive position if it deems that this would not interfere 
with the proper performance of the director's activities in the credit institution.  

In addition, pursuant to the provisions of Article 11 of BBVA's Regulations of the Bo ard of Directors, directors 
may not: 

  Provide professional services to companies competing with the Bank or any of its Group companies, 
or agree to be an employee, manager or director of such companies, unless they have received 
express prior authorisation from the Board of Directors or from the General Shareholders' Meeting, 
as appropriate, or unless these activities had been provided or conducted before the director joined 
the Bank, they had posed no effective competition and they had informed the Bank of  such at that 
time. 

  Have direct or indirect shareholdings in businesses or companies in which the Bank or its Group 
companies hold an interest, unless such shareholding was held prior to joining the Board of Directors 
or to the time when the Group acquired its holding in such businesses or companies, or unless such 
companies are listed on national or international securities markets, or unless authorised to do so by 
the Board of Directors. 

  Hold political positions or perform any other activities that might have public significance or may 
affect the Company's image in any way, unless this is with prior authorisation from the Bank's Board 
of Directors. 

C.1.13 Indicate the amounts of the following items relating to the total remuneration of the board of directors:  

Remuneration of the Board of Directors accrued during the financial year (thousands 
of euro) 

15.467 

Amount of entitlements accrued by current directors in regard to pensions (thousands 
of euro) 

22.986 

Amount of entitlements accrued by former directors in regard to pensions (thousands 
of euro) 

72.444 

The remuneration included under "Remuneration of the Board of Directors accrued during the financial year" 
includes the fixed remunerations awarded to all Board members in 2019, as well as the upfront part of the 
Annual Variable Remuneration for 2019 for executive directors, in cash and shares, and the deferred part 
of the Annual Variable Remuneration for 2016 for executive directors, in cash and shares, together with its 
update, whose amounts have been determined in 2020 and will be paid, if conditions are met in the first 
quarter of 2020. 

C.1.14 Identify the members of senior management who are not also executive directors, and indicate the 
total remuneration accrued to them throughout the financial year:  

Name or corporate name 

Position(s) 

María Luisa Gómez Bravo 

Global Head of Corporate & Investment Banking 

Jorge Sáenz-Azcúnaga Carranza 

Country Monitoring 

Pello Xabier Belausteguigoitia Mateache 

Country Manager Spain 

Eduardo Osuna 

Country Manager Mexico 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

175 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
David Puente Vicente 

Global Head of Client Solutions 

Jaime Sáenz de Tejada Pulido 

Global Head of Finance 

Rafael Salinas Martínez de Lecea 

Global Head of Global Risk Management 

Ricardo Forcano García 

Global Head of Engineering & Organization 

Carlos Casas Moreno 

Ricardo Martín Manjón 

Global Head of Talent & Culture 

Global Head of Data 

Victoria del Castillo Marchese 

Global Head of Strategy & M&A 

María Jesús Arribas de Paz 

Global Head of Legal 

Domingo Armengol Calvo 

General Secretary 

Ana Fernández Manrique 

Global Head of Regulation and Internal Control 

Joaquín Manuel Gortari Díez 

Global Head of Internal Audit 

Total remuneration of senior management 
(thousands of euro) 

19.508 

C.1.15 Indicate whether there have been any amendments to the Regulations of the Board during the 
financial year: 

Yes  

The Board of Directors, at its meeting held on 29 April 2019, approved a new consolidated text of the 
Regulations of the Board, with the following major amendments:  

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

(v) 

(vi) 

the reorganisation of the functions of the Board of Directors into five blocks, relating to: (a) the 
policies and strategy of the Company and its Group, and its corporate and governance structure; (b) 
the organisation and operation of the Board and its delegated and advisory bodies; (c) directors, 
senior  managers  and  employees; (d)  financial  statements,  annual  financial  statements  and 
information to be provided by the Bank; and (e) other general responsibilities, such as the approval 
of operations, the monitoring of adopted resolutions and the supervision and control of the Company 
(Article 17);  

the formalisation of the separation between the duties of the Group Executive Chairman and those 
of the Chief Executive Officer, more clearly determining the duties that correspond to each and 
expressly defining their respective areas of responsibility and the reporting carried out by each head 
of area to each of them (Articles 18 and 20);  

a revision of the duties of the Lead Director, establishing, inter alia, the requirement for the Lead 
Director to be aware of the annual meeting schedule and the agenda proposals for Board meetings 
before they are called, and to periodically report to the Board on their activity, their term of office 
and the procedure for appointment to their role (Article 21);  

the creation of the position of Deputy Chair of the Board of Directors, in line with the provisions of 
the Bylaws (Article 19); 

improvements in the operation of the corporate bodies, such as the reinforcement of the report on 
the committees' activity to the Board and greater coordination between the  corporate bodies; 

changes to the regulations of the Board committees, in accordance with the redrafted Regulations 
of each committee, as described in section C.2.3 of this report; and  

(vii) 

the inclusion that non-executive directors may hold coordination and follow-up meetings, convened 
and led by the Lead Director (Article 37). 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

176 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C.1.16 Indicate the procedures for the selection, appointment, re -appointment and removal of directors. 
Provide details of the competent bodies, the procedures to be followed and the criteria to be used in each 
procedure. 

Selection, appointment and re-appointment procedure: 

In accordance with the Policy on the selection, appointment, rotation and diversity of the members of the 
Board (the "Selection Policy"), described in sections C.1.5 and C.1.6 above, and with the provisions of the 
Regulations of the Board of Directors, the General Shareholders' Meeting is responsible for appo inting the 
members of the Board, without prejudice to the Board's authority to co-opt members if a seat falls vacant. This 
is carried out based on the proposal submitted by the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee 
with regard to independent directors and subject to a prior report by said committee in the case of other 
directors. 

In all cases, the proposal must be accompanied by an explanatory report drawn up by the Board of Directors 
detailing the skills, experience and merits of the candidate proposed, which will be added to the minutes of 
the General Shareholders' Meeting or the Board of Directors meeting.  

If the proposal concerns the re-election of a director, the resolutions and deliberations of the Board of Directors 
will be carried out without the participation of the director whose re-election is being proposed, and this director 
shall also leave the meeting if in attendance. 

In any event, the persons proposed for appointment as directors must meet the requirements set out in the 
current legislation, in  the  specific regulations applicable to credit institutions and  in  the  Bank's internal 
regulations. In particular, directors must meet the suitability requirements needed to hold the position and 
must have recognised business and professional reputation, have the adequate knowledge and experience to 
carry out their duties and be in a position to exercise good governance of the Company.  

In addition, the Board of Directors will ensure that the procedures for the selection of directors favour diversity 
within its membership and, in general, do not suffer from implicit biases that may imply any discrimination. It 
will also submit its proposals to the General Shareholders' Meeting, seeking to ensure adequate representation 
of the underrepresented gender and that, in its composition, there is an ample majority of non-executive 
directors over executive directors and that at least one third of the Board are independent directors. In this 
regard, the Selection Policy specifies that it shall ensure that the independent directors make up at least 50% 
of the total number of directors.  

To this end, and as detailed in sections C.1.15 and C.1.6, the Appointments and Corporate Governance 
Committee will assess the balance of knowledge, skills and experience of the Board of Directors to ensure that 
its composition allows an  adequate performance of its  functions. It  will also assess the  conditions that 
candidates must satisfy to fill any vacancies that arise, and  the time commitment considered necessary to 
enable them to adequately perform their role, according to the needs of the Company's corporate bodies at 
any given time. The Committee will ensure that selection procedures are not implicitly biased in such a way 
that may entail any kind of discrimination and, in particular, that may hinder the selection of directors of the 
underrepresented gender, endeavouring that directors of said gender who display the professional profile 
sought are included amongst potential candidates. 

Duration of mandate and termination: 

The directors will hold their position for the term set out in the company Bylaws (three years, after which they 
may be re-elected one or more times for an additional three-year term) or, if they have been co-opted, until 
the first General Shareholders' Meeting has been held. They will resign from their positions when the term for 
which they were appointed expires, unless they are re-elected. 

Directors must also inform the Board of Directors of any circumstances affecting them that could harm the 
company's standing and reputation, and any circumstances that may have an impact on their suitability for 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

177 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
their role. Directors must offer their resignation to the Board of Directors and accept its decision regarding 
their continuity in office or not. Should the Board decide against their continuity, they are required to tender 
their resignation, in the circumstances listed in section C.1.19 below.  

In any event, directors will resign from their positions upon reaching 75 years of age and must submit their 
resignation at the first meeting of the Bank's Board of Directors held after the General Shareholders' Meeting 
approving the accounts for the financial year in which they reach said age. 

C.1.17 Explain the extent to which the annual evaluation of the Board has led to significant changes in its 
internal organisation and in the procedures applicable to its activities:  

Description of the amendments 
Article 17 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors states that the Board will assess the quality and 
efficiency of the operation of the Board of Directors, based on the report submitted by the Appointments 
and Corporate Governance Committee. This procedure was followed in the 2019 financial year, and, as in 
previous years, several measures were implemented as a result, which are described below, and which form 
part of the ongoing process of developing and adapting BBVA's Corporate Governance System to the needs 
of  the  corporate bodies, to the  environment in  which  it  carries  out its  activities and  to  regulatory 
requirements and best practices.  

The BBVA Board of Directors carried out the self-assessment process for 2019 following a comprehensive 
review of the effectiveness of the Corporate Governance System, in order to strengthen its operation and 
efficiency. This review took into consideration, as a starting po int, the self-assessment process carried out 
in 2018, as well as an analysis of the Bank's corporate governance structures performed by an independent 
expert at the end of 2018.  

As a result, during 2019, the corporate bodies defined and led the implementation of several improvements 
in the Corporate Governance System, which were reflected in the new regulations for the Board and its 
committees, approved in April 2019 and whose main changes are described in sections C.1.15 and C.2.3 
of this report, in addition to other improvements in the operation and organisation of the corporate bodies; 
all of which mainly include the following measures: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

the reinforcement of the structure of checks and balances, in particular, the progress made in the 
separation between the duties of the Group Executive Chairman and those of the Chief Executive 
Officer, eliminating the reporting line from the Chief Executive Officer to the Chairman; as well as 
the revision of the duties of the Lead Director and the appointment of a Deputy Chair of the Board; 

the redistribution of the functions of the Board committees and the enhancement of the periodic 
report on the activities of the committees to the Board of Directors;  

greater interaction between the corporate bodies regarding the decision-making process and the 
exercise of their oversight and control functions; and 

greater independence for the internal control functions, now under the direct authority of the Board 
of Directors. 

Identify the evaluated areas and describe the evaluation process conducted by the Board of Directors (assisted, 
where applicable, by an  external consultant) to assess the operation and  composition of the Board, its 
committees and any other area or aspect that was evaluated. 

Description of the evaluation process and the areas evaluated 
In accordance with Article 17 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, the Board assesses the quality 
and effectiveness of the operation of the Board of Directors, as well as the performance of the duties of the 
Chairman of the Board, based in each case on the report submitted by the Appointments and Corporate 
Governance Committee. The Board of Directors also assesses the performance of the Chief Executive Officer, 
based on the report submitted by the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, which will 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

178 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
include the assessment made by the Executive Committee. Finally, the Board of Directors also assesses the 
operation of its committees, based on the reports submitted thereby. 

The assessment process carried out in relation to the 2019 financial year consisted of a comprehensive 
analysis and evaluation of the quality and  efficiency of the operation of the corporate bodies and the 
performance of the Chairman and  the Chief Executive Officer. Thi s assessment was carried out by the 
Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, taking into account several aspects, such as  the 
analysis of the Bank's corporate governance structures performed by an independent expert at the end of 
the 2018 financial year, the Board's self-assessment for 2018, the directors' view of the operation of the 
Board, as well as the different reports described below.  

In the framework of the foregoing, the Board of Directors has assessed: (i) the quality and efficiency of the 
operation of the Board of Directors; (ii) the performance of the duties of the Chairman and the Chief Executive 
Officer; and (iii) the operation of the Board committees; as detailed below.  

- 

The Board of Directors analysed the quality and efficiency of its operation during the 2019 financial 
year, on the basis of the report submitted by the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee 
on the quality and efficiency of the Board's operation and on its structure, size and composition. This 
report contained a detailed analysis of the following: the structure, size and composition of the Board of 
Directors, including the diversity of knowledge, skills, experience and gender required of its members; 
the  organisation, preparation and  conduct of the  meetings o f the Board; the  independence and 
suitability of directors, and the degree of commitment the Bank requires of Board members (in particular, 
the chair of each of the committees) to ensure the proper performance of the duties of director and the 
proper operation of the corporate bodies; taking into account the needs of the corporate bodies at any 
given time and the Selection Policy. 

-  The performance assessment of the duties of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, led by the Lead 
Director in accordance with Article 21 of the Regulations of the Board, was carried out by the Board on 
the basis of the report submitted by the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, in 
accordance with  Article 5  of  the  Regulations of  the  Appointments and  Corporate Governance 
Committee, which details the key features of the Chairman's performance in 2019.  

- 

The performance assessment of the duties of the Chief Executive Officer was carried out by the Board 
on the basis of the report submitted by the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, 
including the assessment carried out in this respect by the Executive Committee , in accordance with 
Article 17 of the Regulations of the Board, which details the key features of the Chief Executive Officer's 
performance in 2019. 

The Board has also assessed the quality and efficiency of the operation of the Executive Committee, and of 
the Audit Committee, the Risk and Compliance Committee, the Appointments and Corporate Governance 
Committee, the Remunerations Committee and the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee, on the basis 
of reports submitted by their respective Chairs.  

Continued in section H of this Report.  

C.1.18 For those financial years in which an external consultant provided assistance for the evaluation, provide 
details of any ongoing business relationships that the consultant or any entity in their group maintains with this  
Company or any company in this Group. 

The  assessment carried out by  the  Board of Directors in 2019 regarding  its quality and  operation, its 
committees and the performance of the duties of the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer 
took into account the analysis of the Bank's corporate governance structures performed by an independent 
expert at  the end of the 2018 financial year; without any knowledge of significant business relationships 
between the Company and the external independent expert     or any other company of its group. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

179 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C.1.19 Indicate the circumstances under which directors are obliged to resign.  

In addition to the circumstances established in applicable law, directors will cease to hold office when the term 
for which they were appointed has expired, unless they are re-elected.  

Accordingly, as set forth in Article 12 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, directors must offer their 
resignation to the Board of Directors and accept its decision regarding their continuity in office or not. Should 
the  Board decide against their  continuity, they are  required to  tender their resignation in  the following 
circumstances: 

 

If they find themselves in circumstances deemed incompatible or prohibited under current legislation, 
in the Bylaws or in the Regulations of the Board of Directors. 

  When significant changes occur in their personal or professional situation that affect the status by 

virtue of which they were appointed as directors. 

 

In the event of serious breach of their duties in the performance of their role as directors ; 

  When, for reasons attributable to the directors in their status as such, serious damage has been done 

to the Company's equity, standing or reputation; or 

  When they are no longer suitable to hold the status of director of the Bank. 

C.1.20 Are supermajorities, other than those provided for in law, required for any type of decision? 

Where applicable, describe the differences. 

NO 

C.1.21 Explain whether there are specific requirements, other than those relating to directors, to be appointed 
Chairman of the Board of Directors. 

NO 

C.1.22 Indicate whether the Bylaws or Regulations of the Board establish an age limit for directors:  

Age limit for the Chairman 

0 

YES 

Age limit for the Chief 
Executive Officer 

0 

Age limit for the directors 

75 

Remarks 
As stipulated in Article 4 of the BBVA Regulations of the Board of Directors, directors will resign from their 
position, in any event, upon reaching 75 years of age, and must submit their resignation at the first meeting 
of the Bank's Board of Directors held after the General Shareholders' Meeting approving the accounts for the 
financial year in which they reach said age. 

C.1.23 Indicate whether the Bylaws or Regulations of the Board of Directors establish a limited mandate or 
other stricter requirements for independent directors in addition to those provided for in law:  

NO 

C.1.24 Indicate whether the Bylaws or the Regulations of the Board of Directors establish specific rules for 
proxy voting within the Board of Directors, how this is carried out and, in particular, the maximum number of 
proxies that a director may have and whether there are any restrictions as to what categories may be appointed 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

180 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
as a proxy, beyond the limitations provided for in law. Where applicable, provide a brief description of these 
rules. 

Article 5 of the BBVA Regulations of the Board of Directors establishes that directors are required to attend 
meetings of the corporate bodies on which they sit, except for a justifiable reason, and to participate in the 
deliberations, discussions and debates held on matters submitted for their consideration. Directors should 
personally attend the meetings that are held.   

Notwithstanding the foregoing, as set forth in Article 26 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, should it 
not be possible for a director to attend any of the meetings of the Board of Directors, he or she may grant 
proxy to another director to represent and vote on his or her behalf , through a letter or email sent to the 
Company with the information required for the proxy director to be able to follow the absent director's 
instructions. Applicable legislation states, however, that non-executive directors may only grant  proxy to 
another non-executive director. The same applies to attendance at meetings of Board co mmittees.  

C.1.25 Indicate the number of meetings that the Board of Directors has held during the financial year. Where 
applicable, indicate how many times the Board has met without the Chairman in attendance. The Chairman 
will be considered to have been in attendance if represented by a proxy provided with specific instructions. 

Number of Board meetings 
Number of Board meetings without the Chairman in attendance 

14 
0 

Indicate how many meetings were held by the Lead Director with the other Board members, without any 
executive director in attendance or represented: 

Number of meetings 

64 

Remarks 
BBVA's Board of Directors has a Lead Director who performs the duties set forth in the applicable legislation, 
as well as those stipulated by Article 21 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors. 

In the performance of the functions assigned to this position, during the financial year, the Lead Director 
maintained ongoing contact, held meetings and had conversations with other Bank directors in order to 
seek their opinions on the corporate governance and operation of the Bank's  corporate bodies.  

In addition, in accordance with Article 37 of the Regulations of the Board, the Lead Director coordinated 
various meetings of non-executive directors, which were held after each meeting of the Board of Directors.  

Likewise, the Lead Director also serves, as of the date of this report, as Chair of the Risk and Compliance 
Committee and  sits on the  Appointments and  Corporate Governance Committee, both of which are 
composed of non-executive directors and  have  a  majority of independent directors. These positions 
additionally allowed the Lead Director, in the course of his duties, to meet regularly with the Bank's non-
executive directors on the occasion of these meetings, which are added to the aforementioned meetings, 
enabling the Lead Director to perform the duties. 

José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas, who held the position of Lead Director until 29 April 2019, also held periodic 
meetings and had conversations with other non-executive directors; however these meetings have not been 
included in the number provided in this Section    

Indicate how many meetings of the Board Committees were held during the financial year: 

Number of meetings of the Executive Committee  
Number of meetings of the Audit Committee  

18 
15 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

181 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of meetings of the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee 

Number of meetings of the Remunerations Committee 
Number of meetings of the Risk and Compliance Committee 
Number of meetings of the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee 

8 

7 
21 
6 

C.1.26 Indicate how many meetings were held by the Board of Directors during the financial year and provide 
details on the attendance of its members: 

Number of meetings attended by at least 80% of the directors 

% of in-person attendance of the total number of votes cast during the financial 
year 

Number of meetings where all directors, or proxies granted with specific 
instructions, attended in person 

% of votes cast, with directors attending in person and with proxies granted with 
specific instructions, of the total number of votes cast throughout the financial 
year 

14 

100% 

14 

100% 

Remarks 
The Board of Directors holds meetings on a monthly basis, in accordance with the annual  calendar of 
ordinary meetings drawn up before the beginning of the financial year, and holds extraordinary meetings 
as often as deemed necessary. The Board of Directors held 14 meetings during the 2019 financial year. All 
directors attended all of the Board's meetings. 

C.1.27 Indicate whether the individual or consolidated annual financial statements that are presented to the 
Board for approval are certified beforehand: 

NO 

Where appropriate, identify the person(s) who has/have certified the company's individual and consolidated 
annual financial statements prior to Board approval: 

C.1.28 Explain the mechanisms, if any, established by the Board of Directors to prevent the individual and 
consolidated statements from being presented at the General Shareholders' Meeting with a qualified auditors' 
report. 

Article 32 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors specifies that the Audit Committee, composed exclusively 
of independent directors, shall assist the Board of Directors in overseeing the preparation of the financial 
statements and public information, and the relationship with the external auditor and the Internal Audit function.  

In this regard,  in accordance with Article 5 of the Regulations of the Audit Committee, the duties of this 
Committee include: oversee the effectiveness of the Company's internal control and risk management systems 
in the preparation and reporting of financial information, including fiscal risks; discussing with the auditor any 
significant weaknesses in the internal control system detected during the audit, without undermining its 
independence; and  overseeing the  preparation  and  reporting  of  financial information and  submitting 
recommendations or proposals to the Board of Directors aimed at safeguarding the  integrity thereof. 

Moreover, said Article of the Regulations of the Audit Committee establishes that the Committee will verify, 
with the appropriate frequency, that the external audit program is being carried out in accordance with the 
contract conditions and is thereby meeting the requirements of the competent official authorities and the 
corporate bodies. The Committee will also periodically—at least once per year—request from the auditor an 
evaluation of the quality of the internal control procedures regarding the preparation and  reporting of the 
Group's financial information. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

182 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Committee will also be apprised of any infringements, situations requiring adjustments or anomalies that 
may be detected during the course of the external audit, provided that these are relevant, i.e. those that, in 
isolation or as  a  whole, may cause significant and  substantive harm to the  Group's equity, earnings or 
reputation. Discernment of such matters will be at the discretion of the external auditor, who, if in doubt, must 
opt to report on them. 

In the performance of these duties, the Audit Committee maintains direct and ongoing contact with the external 
auditors through monthly meetings, without the attendance of the Bank's executives. At these meetings, the 
auditors provide detailed information on their work and the results thereof, which enables the Committee to 
continuously monitor said  work,  ensuring  that  it  is  performed under  optimal  conditions and  without 
interference from management. 

C.1.29 Is the Secretary of the Board a director? 

NO 

If the Secretary is not a director, complete the following table: 

Name or corporate name of the secretary 
Domingo Armengol Calvo 

Representative 
- 

C.1.30 Indicate the specific mechanisms established by the Company to preserve the independence of the 
external auditors, and, if any, the mechanisms to preserve the independence of financial analysts, investment 
banks and rating agencies, including how legal measures have been implemented in practice. 

As set forth in the Regulations of the Audit Committee, one of the Committee's functions, described in section 
C.2.1, is to ensure the independence of the auditor through a dual approach:  

  Avoiding that the auditor's warnings, opinions or recommendations may be adversely influenced. To 
this end, the Committee must ensure that compensation for the auditor's work does not compromise 
either its quality or independence, in compliance with the account auditing legislation in force at  any 
given moment. 

  Establishing incompatibility between the provision of audit and consulting services, unless they are tasks 
required by supervisors or the provision of which by the auditor is permitted by applicable legislation, 
and there are no alternatives on the market that are equal in terms of content, quality or efficiency to 
those provided by the auditor, in which case, agreement by the Committee will be required, and this 
decision  may be delegated in advance to its Chair.  The auditor will be  prohibited  from providing 
unauthorised services outside the scope of the audit, in compliance with the auditing legislation in force 
at any given moment. 

This  matter  is  carefully considered by  the  Audit  Committee, which holds meetings with  the  auditor's 
representatives at each of the monthly meetings held, without Bank executives in attendance, to gain a detailed 
understanding of any issues that may hinder the audit process, the progress and quality of the work carried 
out, and to confirm independence in the performance of its work. The Committee also continuously oversees 
the engagement of additional services to ensure compliance with the Regulations of the Audit Committee and 
with applicable legislation and thus the independence of the auditor, in accordance with the Bank's internal 
procedure. 

Moreover, in accordance with the provisions of point f), section 4 of Article 529 quaterdecies of the Spanish 
Corporate Enterprises Act and Article 5 of the Regulations of the Audit Committee, each year before the audit  
report is issued, the Committee must issue a report expressing its opinion on whether or not the independence 
of the auditor has been compromised. This report must, in all cases, contain a reasoned assessment of the 
provision of each and every kind of additional service provided to the Group companies, considered individually 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

183 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and collectively, different from the legal audit and relating to independence or the regulations on audit activity. 
Each year, the auditor must issue a report confirming its independe nce via-à-vis BBVA or entities linked to 
BBVA, either directly or indirectly, with detailed and itemised information on any kind of additional services 
provided to these entities by the external auditor, or by the individuals or entities linked to it, as s et out in the 
consolidated text of the Spanish Account Auditing Act. 

The relevant auditor and Audit Committee reports confirming the auditor's independence were issued for the 
2019 financial year, in compliance with the legislation in force. The Audit Committee report confirming the 
independence of the auditor is available on the BBVA corporate website. 

In addition, as BBVA's shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, it is subject to compliance with the 
Sarbanes Oxley Act and its implementing regulations. 

The Board of Directors also has a  policy in place for communication and contact with shareholders and 
investors. The policy is governed by the principle of equal treatment for all shareholders and investors who 
are in the same position in terms of information, participation and the exercise of their rights as shareholders 
and investors, inter alia. 

This policy also contains the principles and channels established in relation to shareholders and investors, 
which  govern,  where  applicable, BBVA  relations with  other  stakeholders,  such  as  financial  analysts, 
management companies and custodians for the Bank shares, and proxy advisors, among others. 

C.1.31 Indicate whether the Company has changed its external auditor during the financial year. If so, identify 
the incoming and outgoing auditors: 

NO 

If there were any disagreements with the outgoing auditor, explain these disagreements: 

NO 

C.1.32 Indicate whether the auditing firm does any other work for the Company and/or its Group other than 
the audit. If so, declare the amount of fees received for such work and the percentage that these f ees represent 
of the total fees billed to the Company and/or its Group:  

YES 

Company 

Group 
companies 

Amount of non-audit work (thousands of euro) 

3 

284 

Total 

287 

Amount of non-audit work/total amount billed by 
the auditing firm (%) 

0.02% 

1.68% 

0.96% 

C.1.33 Indicate whether the audit report of the annual financial statements for the previous financial year 
contained reservations or qualifications. If so, indicate the reasons given by the Chair of the Audit Committee 
to  the shareholders at  the general  meeting to  explain the  content and  scope of such reservations or 
qualifications.  

NO 

C.1.34 Indicate the number of consecutive financial years during which the current audit firm has been auditing 
the annual financial statements for the Company and/or its Group. Likewise, indicate the total number of 
financial years audited by the current audit firm as a percentage of the total number of years in which the 
annual financial statements have been audited:  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

184 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of consecutive financial years 

Number of financial years audited by the current audit 
firm/number of financial years the Company or its Group 
have been audited (%) 

Individual 
3 

Consolidated 
3 

15.79% 

15.79% 

C.1.35 Indicate whether there is a procedure in place (and provide details, where applicable) whereby directors 
are provided with the information they need with sufficient time to be able to prepare for meetings of the 
management bodies: 

YES 

Details of the procedure 
As set forth in Article 5 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, directors will be provided in advance 
with the information needed to form an opinion with respect to the matters within the remit of the Bank's 
corporate bodies, and may ask for any additional information and advice required to perform their duties. 
They may also request the Board of Directors for external expert assistance for any matters submitted to 
their consideration whose special complexity or importance so requires .  

These rights will be exercised through the Chairman or Secretary of the Board of Directors, who will attend 
to requests by  providing the information directly or  by  establishing suitable arrangements within the 
organisation for this purpose, unless a specific procedure has been established in the regulations governing 
the Board of Directors' committees. 

Furthermore, as set forth in Article 28 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, the directors will be 
provided with such information or clarifications as deemed necessary or appropriate with regards to the 
matters to be discussed at the meeting, either before or during the progress thereof. 

In addition, BBVA has an information model that ensures that decisions are made on the basis of complete, 
comprehensive, appropriate and consistent information, prepared in accordance with common principles 
so that analyses carried out by the corporate bodies are based on the correct data, thus allowing directors 
to better perform their duties. 

Thus, the Bank's corporate bodies have a procedure in place for verifying the information submitted for 
consideration, coordinated by the Board's General Secretariat with the departments responsible for the 
information, in  order to  provide directors with  complete, comprehensive, appropriate and  consistent 
information in sufficient time for the meetings of the Bank's various corporate bodies. Information on the 
meetings is made available to the Bank's corporate bodies via an online system, to which all members of 
the Board have access. 

C.1.36 Indicate and, where applicable, provide details of whether the Company has set out rules that require 
directors to inform and, where applicable, resign under circumstances that may damage the Company's 
standing and reputation: 

YES 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

185 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explanation of the rules 

As set forth in Article 12 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, directors must also inform the Board 
of Directors of any circumstances that may affect them and harm the Company's standing and reputation, 
and any circumstances that may have an impact on their suitability to perform their role.  

Directors must offer their resignation to the Board of Directors and accept its decision regarding their 
continuity in office or not. Should the Board decide against their continuity, they are required to tender their 
resignation when, for reasons attributable to the directors in their status as such, serious damage has been 
done to the Company's equity, standing or reputation or when they are no longer suitable to hold the status 
of director of the Bank, among other circumstances referred to in section C.1.19 of this report.  

C.1.37 Indicate whether any members of the Board of Directors have informed the Company that they have 
been accused or ordered to stand trial  for any offences stated in  Article  213 of the Spanish Corporate 
Enterprises Act: 

NO 

Indicate whether the Board of Directors has examined the case. If so, explain the grounds for the decision 
taken as to whether or not the director should retain the directorship post or, where applicable, describe the 
actions taken or that are intended to be taken by the Board of Directors on the date of this report.  

C.1.38 Detail any significant agreements reached by the Company that come into force, are amended or 
concluded in the event of a change in the control of the Company stemming from a public takeover bid, and 
its effects.  

The Company has not reached significant agreements that come into force, are amended or concluded in the 
event of a change in the control of the company stemming from a public takeover bid. 

C.1.39 Identify on an individual basis, when referring to directors, and in aggregate form for all other cases, 
and indicate in detail any agreements between the Company and its directors, managers or employees that 
provide for severance pay (guarantee or golden parachute clauses) for when such persons resign or are 
wrongfully dismissed or if the contractual relationship comes to an end owing to a public takeover bid or other 
kinds of transactions.  

Number of beneficiaries 

65 

Beneficiary type 

65 managers and 
employees 

Description of the agreement 

The Bank has no commitments to provide severance pay to directors. 

As at  31 December 2019, a group of 65 managers and  employees are 
entitled to receive severance pay in the event of dismissal on grounds other 
than their own will, retirement, disability or serious dereliction of duties. Its 
amount will be calculated by factoring in the salary and length of service of 
the employee, and will not be paid in the event of lawful dismissal at the 
employer's decision on  grounds of the  employee's serious dereliction of 
duties. 

Indicate whether, in addition to the circumstances provided for by law, the corporate bodies and Group bodies 
must be notified of and/or approve these contracts. If so, specify the procedures, the circumstances provided 
for and the nature of the bodies responsible for approval or notification: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

186 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors 

General meeting 

Body that authorises the clauses 

Yes 

Is the general meeting informed of these clauses? 

No 

NO 

YES 

X 

Remarks 
The Board of Directors approves resolutions relating to the basic contractual conditions of members of 
Senior Management, pursuant to the provisions of Article 17 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, 
hereby notified to the General Shareholders' Meeting through this Report and through the information 
contained in the Annual Financial Statements, but does not approve the conditions applicable to other 
employees. 

C.2 Committees of the Board of Directors 

C.2.1 Detail all of the committees of the Board of Directors, their members and the proportion of executive, 
proprietary, independent and other external directors sitting thereon: 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

Name 

Carlos Torres Vila 

Onur Genç 

Jaime Félix Caruana Lacorte 

Carlos Loring Martínez de Irujo 

José Maldonado Ramos 

Susana Rodríguez Vidarte 

Position 

Chair 

Member 

Member 

Member 

Member 

Member 

Category 

Executive 

Executive 

Independent 

Other external 

Other external 

Other external 

% of executive directors 

% of proprietary directors 
% of independent directors 
% of other external directors 

33.33% 

0% 
16.67% 
50% 

Explain the duties that have been delegated or assigned to this committee, other than those that have already 
been described in section C.1.10, and describe both the procedures and organisational and operational rules 
of the committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant actions during the financial year and 
how it has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the bylaws or in other 
corporate resolutions. 

Pursuant to Article 30 of BBVA's Regulations of the Board of Directors and Article 1.2 of its own Regulations, 
the Executive Committee will be made aware of matters delegated by the Board of Directors, as required 
by law, the Bylaws, the Regulations of the Board or its own Regulations.  

In particular, in accordance with the powers conferred on it by Article 5 of the Regulations of the Executive 
Committee, approved by the Board on 29 April 2019, the Committee performs the following functions:  

Support functions to the Board of Directors in decision-making:  

 
This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

187 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(i)  In relation to strategy: establishment of the bases and previous analysis of the proposals submitted 
to the Board of Directors in relation to the Bank's Strategic Plan or other strategic decisions, 
including the Risk Appetite Framework; prior analysis of the strategic and financial aspects of 
proposals submitted to the Board regarding corporate transactions that fall within its decision-
making remit; and decision-making or execution of the mandates which are expressly delegated by 
the Board in these fields, once the decisions reserved to it are adopted by the Board. 

(ii)  In relation to budgets: prior analysis of budget proposals submitted to the Board; corresponding 
decision-making for the implementation of the budget approved by the Board; and  analysis of 
deviations from the approved budget.  

(iii)  In relation to finance: establishment of the bases and previous analysis of the proposals submitted 
to the Board of Directors relating to the Bank's funding plan, its capital and liquidity structure, and 
its dividends policy; and decision-making on the implementation of mandates conferred upon it by 
the Board in these areas. 

(iv) In relation to business risk: analysis of matters relating to business risk in the proposals and plans 

submitted to the Board of Directors.  

(v) In  relation to  reputational risk:  analysis, evaluation and  management  of matters  relating  to 

reputational risk.  

  Prior reporting of policies submitted to the Board and approval of Company and Group general policies: 
analysis, prior to their consideration by the Board, of the general Group and Company policies that, in 
accordance with the law or internal regulations, must be approved by the Board, except for policies 
relating to issues handled by other Board committees, which will be approved or reported to the Board 
beforehand by the appropriate committee.  

  Oversight and control of the following matters: (i) Group activity and results; (ii) budget monitoring; (iii) 
progress of the Strategic Plan, through the key performance indicators established for this purpose; 
(iv) monitoring of the Group's liquidity and funding plan and capital situation, as well as the activities of 
the Assets and Liabilities Committee; (v) monitoring of the evolution of the risk profile and the core 
metrics defined by the Board; (vi) share-price performance and changes in shareholder composition; 
(vii) analysis of the markets in which the Group operates; and (viii) progress of projects and investments 
agreed within its remit, as well as those agreed by the Board within the strategic level. 

  Decision-making  powers  on  the  following  matters:  (i)  investments  and  divestments  between 
EUR 50 million and EUR 400 million, unless they are of a strategic nature, in which case they will be 
the Board's responsibility; (ii) plans and projects that are considered to be of importance to the Group 
and that arise from its activities, and that are not within the remit of the Board; (iii) decisions regarding 
the assumption of risks that exceed the limits set by the Board, which must be reported to the Board 
at  its first meeting thereafter for ratification; (iv) granting  and  revoking of the Bank's powers; (v) 
proposals for the appointment and replacement of directors in the Bank's subsidiaries or investees 
companies with more than EUR 50 million in own funds; and (vi) whether executive directors may 
hold management positions in companies controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Bank, or in the 
Group's investee companies.  

The Regulations of the Executive Committee set out the operational principles of the Committee and lay 
down the basic rules of its organisation and operation.  

The Regulations of the Executive Committee specifically provide that the Committee will meet whenever it 
is called to do so by its Chair, who is empowered to call the Committee and to set the agenda. The 
regulations also set out the procedure for calling ordinary and extraordinary meetings.  

For the proper performance of its functions, the Committee will have available, where necessary, the 
reports of the relevant Board committees on matters within their remits, and may request, as a matter of 
relevance, the attendance of the chairs of those committees at its own meetings where such reports are 
to be dealt with.  

Other aspects relating to its organisation and operation are subject to the provisions of the Committee's 
own Regulations. All other matters not provided for in the aforementioned Regulations will be subject to 
the Regulations of the Board of Directors, insofar as they are applicable.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

188 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The most significant activities carried out by the Executive Committee in 2019 are detailed in section H of 
this Report. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE 

Name 
Jaime Félix Caruana Lacorte 
José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 
Belén Garijo López 
Lourdes Máiz Carro 
Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 

Position 
Chair 
Member 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Category 
Independent 
Independent 
Independent 
Independent 
Independent 

% of proprietary directors 
% of independent directors 
% of other external directors 

0% 
100% 
0% 

Explain the duties assigned to this committee, including, where appropriate, any that are in addition to those 
provided for by  law,  and  describe both the  procedures and  organisational and  operational rules of the 
committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant activities during the financial year and how it 
has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the bylaws or in other corporate 
resolutions. 

The main task of the Audit Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in overseeing the preparation of 
the financial statements and public information, and the relationship with the external auditor and the 
Internal Audit area.  

More specifically, in accordance with the powers assigned to it by Article 5 of the Regulations of the Audit 
Committee, approved by the Board on 29 April 2019, and notwithstanding any other functions assigned 
to it by law,  by the Bank's internal regulations or by resolution of the Board of Directors, the Audit 
Committee is entrusted with the following functions , inter alia: 

In relation to overseeing the financial statements and public information:  

  Oversee the process of preparing and reporting financial information and submit recommendations 
or proposals to the Board of Directors aimed at safeguarding the integrity thereof; and analyse, prior 
to their submission to the Board of Directors and in enough detail to guarantee their accuracy, 
reliability, sufficiency and clarity, the financial statements of the Bank and of its consolidated Group 
contained in the annual, six-monthly and quarterly reports, as well as in all other required financial 
and related non-financial information. 

  Oversee the effectiveness of the Company's internal control and risk management systems, in terms 
of the process of preparing and reporting financial information, including fiscal risks, and discuss with 
the auditor any  significant weaknesses in the internal control system detected during the audit, 
without undermining its independence. 

In relation to the Internal Audit function:  

  Propose to the Board the selection, appointment, re-election and removal of the head of the Internal 
Audit  function; monitor the  independence, effectiveness and  functioning of the  Internal Audit 
function; analyse and set objectives for the head of the Internal Audit function and assess his or her 
performance; ensure that  the  Internal  Audit  function has  the  necessary material  and  human 
resources; and analyse and, where appropriate, approve the annual work plan for the Internal Audit 
function.  

  Receive monthly information from the head of the Internal Audit function regarding the activities 
carried out by the Internal Audit function, and regarding any incidents and obstacles that may arise, 
and verify that Senior Management takes into account the conclusions and recommendations of the 
reports; and also follow up on these plans. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

189 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Be  apprised  of  the  audited  units'  degree  of  compliance with  corrective measures previously 
recommended by Internal Audit and report to the Board on those cases that may involve a significant 
risk for the Group.  

In relation to the external audit process:  

 

Submit  to  the  Board  of  Directors proposals  for  the  selection,  appointment,  re -election and 
replacement of the external auditor, taking responsibility for the selection process in accordance  with 
applicable regulations, as well as the hiring conditions of the external auditor, and to periodically 
obtain information from the external auditor on the external audit plan and its execution, in addition 
to preserving its independence in the performance of its functions.  

  Ensure the independence of the auditor: (i) by avoiding that the auditor's warnings, opinions or 
recommendations may be adversely influenced, ensuring that compensation for the auditor's work 
does not compromise either its quality o r independence; and  (ii) by establishing incompatibility 
between the provision of audit and consulting services, unless they are tasks required by supervisors 
or the provision of which by the auditor is permitted by applicable legislation, and there are no  
alternatives on the market that are equal in terms of content, quality or efficiency to those provided 
by the auditor, in which case, agreement by the Committee will be required.  

  Establish appropriate relations with the auditor in order to receive information on any matters that 
may jeopardise its independence and any other matters in connection with the auditing process.  

  Where appropriate, authorise the provision of additional services other than prohibited services, by 
the auditor or associated persons or entities, the performance of which is required by applicable 
regulations in each case, under the terms provided for in auditing legislation.  

 

Issue, on an annual basis and before the audit report is issued, a report expressing an opinion on 
whether the auditor's independence has been compromised. This report must, in all cases, contain a 
reasoned assessment of the provision of each and every additional service referred to in the preceding 
paragraph,  considered individually and collectively, other than the legal audit, and relating to the 
framework of independence or the regulations on audit activity . 

  Ensure that the auditor holds an annual meeting with the full Board of Directors to inform it of the 

work undertaken and progress of the Company's risks and accounting situations.  

The most significant activities carried out by the Audit Committee in the 2019 financial year, as well as its 
organisational and operational rules, are detailed in section H of this Report.  

Identify the directors who are members of the Audit Committee and have been appointed on the basis of their 
knowledge and experience of accounting or auditing, or both, and specify the date on which the Chair of this 
Committee was appointed to the post. 

Name of the directors with experience 

Date of appointment of the chair to the post 

Jaime Félix Caruana Lacorte  
José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 
Belén Garijo López 
Lourdes Máiz Carro 
Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 
29 April 2019 

APPOINTMENTS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE 

Name 

José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 
Belén Garijo López 
José Maldonado Ramos 
Juan Pi Llorens 
Susana Rodríguez Vidarte 

Position 
Chair 
Member 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Category 
Independent 
Independent 
Other external 
Independent 
Other external 

% of proprietary directors 
% of independent directors 
% of other external directors 

0% 
60% 
40% 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

190 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Explain the duties assigned to this committee, including, where appropriate, any that are in addition to those 
provided for by  law,  and  describe both the  procedures and  organisational and  operational rules of the 
committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant activities during the financial year and how it 
has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the bylaws or in other corporate 
resolutions. 

The main  task of the Appointments and  Corporate Governance  Committee  is to assist the B oard of 
Directors in matters relating to the selection and appointment of members of the Board of Directors; the 
assessment of their performance; the drafting of succession plans; the Bank's Corporate Governance 
System; and the oversight of the conduct of directors and any conflicts of interest that may affect them.  

More specifically, in accordance with the powers assigned to it by Article 5 of the Regulations of the 
Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, approved by the Board on 29 April 2019,  and 
notwithstanding any other duties assigned to it by law, by the Bank's internal regulations or by resolution 
of the Board of Directors, the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee is entrusted with the 
following functions:  

1)  Submit proposals to the Board of Directors for the appointment, re-election or removal of independent 
directors and report on proposals for the appointment, re-election or removal of the remaining 
directors. 

To this end, the Committee will evaluate the balance of knowledge, skills and experience of the Board 
of Directors, as well as the conditions that the candidates must meet to cover the vacancies that 
arise, assessing the dedication of time considered necessary to adequately carry out their duties, in 
view of the needs of the corporate bodies at any given time. 

The Committee will ensure that selection procedures are not implicitly biased in such a way that may 
entail any kind of discrimination and, in particular, that may hinder the selection of directors of the 
underrepresented gender, endeavouring that directors of said gender who display the professional 
profile sought are included amongst potential candidates . 

The Committee, when drafting the corresponding proposals for the appointment of directors, will 
take into consideration, in case they may be considered suitable, any requests that may be made by 
any member of the Board of Directors regarding potential candidates to fill the vacancies that have 
arisen. 

2)  Propose to the Board of Directors the selection and diversity policies for members of the Board. 

3)  Establish a target for representation of the underrepresented gender on the Board of Directors and 

draw up guidelines on how to reach that target. 

4)  Analyse the structure, size and composition of the Board of Directors, at least once per year, when 

assessing its operation. 

5)  Analyse the suitability of the members of the Board of Directors. 

6)  Review the status of each director each year, so that this may be reflected in the Annual Corporate 

Governance Report. 

7)  Report on proposals for the appointment of Chairman and Secretary and, where appropriate, Deputy 
Chair and Deputy Secretary, as well as the Chief Executive Officer (Consejero Delegado).  

8)  Submit to the Board of Directors proposals for the appointment, removal or re-appointment of the 

Lead Director. 

9)  Determine the procedure for assessing the performance of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, 
the Chief Executive Officer, the Board of Directors as a whole and the Board committees, and oversee 
its implementation. 

10)  Report on the quality and efficiency of the performance of the Board of Directors. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

191 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11)  Report on the performance of the Chairman of the Board of Directors and of the Chief Executive 
Officer, incorporating for the latter the assessment made in this regard by the Executive Committee, 
for the purpose of periodic assessment of both by the Board. 

12)  Examine and organise the succession of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive 
Officer and, where applicable, the Deputy Chair, in coordination with the Lead Director in the case of 
the Chairman of the Board, and, where appropriate, submit proposals to the Board of Directors to 
ensure that the succession takes place in an orderly and planne d manner. 

13)  Review the Board of Directors' policy on the selection and appointment of members of the Senior 

Management, and submit recommendations with the Board when applicable. 

14)  Report on proposals for the appointment and removal of senior managers. 

15)  Regularly review and assess the Company's Corporate Governance System and, where applicable, 
submit proposals to the Board of Directors, for approval or subsequent submission to the General 
Shareholders' Meeting, on any amendments and updates that would contribute to its implementation 
and continuous improvement.  

16)  Ensure compliance with the provisions applicable to directors contained in the Regulations of the 
Board of Directors or in the applicable legislation, as well as with the rules relating to conduct on the 
securities markets, and inform the Board of these if it deems it necessary .  

17)  Report, prior to any decisions that may be made by the Board of Directors, on all matters within its 
remit as provided for by law, the Bylaws, the Regulations of the Board and these Regulations, and in 
particular on situations of conflict of interest of the directors. 

The organisational and operational rules and most significant activities carried out by the Appointments 
and Corporate Governance Committee in 2019 are detailed in section H of this Report. 

REMUNERATIONS COMMITTEE 

Name 

Belén Garijo López 
Tomás Alfaro Drake 
Carlos Loring Martínez de Irujo 
Lourdes Máiz Carro 
Ana Cristina Peralta Moreno 

Position 
Chair 
Member 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Category 
Independent 
Other external 
Other external 
Independent 
Independent 

% of proprietary directors 
% of independent directors 
% of other external directors 

0% 
60% 
40% 

Explain the duties assigned to this committee, including, where appropriate, any that are in addition to those 
provided for by  law,  and  describe both the  procedures and  organisational and  operational rules of the 
committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant activities during the financial year and how it 
has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the bylaws or in other corporate 
resolutions.  

The main task of the Remunerations Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in remuneration matters 
within its remit and, in particular, those relating to the remuneration of directors, senior managers and 
those employees whose professional activities have a significant impact on the risk profile of the Group 
(the "Identified Staff"), ensuring observance of approved remuneration policies.  

More specifically, in accordance with the powers assigned to it by Article 5 of the Regulations of the 
Remunerations Committee, approved by the Board on 29 April 2019, and notwithstanding any other 
duties assigned to it by law, by the Bank's internal regulations or by resolution of the Board of Directors, 
the Remunerations Committee broadly performs the following functions: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

192 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1)  Propose to the Board of Directors, for submission to the General Shareholders' Meeting, the 
remuneration policy for directors, and also submit its corresponding report, all in accordance with 
the terms established by applicable regulations at any given time . 

2)  Determine the remuneration of non-executive directors, as provided for in the remuneration policy 

for directors, submitting the corresponding proposals to the Board. 

3)  Determine the extent and amount of individual remunerations, rights and other economic rewards, 
as well as the remaining contractual conditions for executive directors, so that these can be 
contractually agreed, in accordance with the remuneration policy for directors, submitting the 
corresponding proposals to the Board of Directors. 

4)  Determine the objectives and criteria for measuring the variable remuneration of the executive 
directors and assess the degree of achievement thereof, submitting the corresponding proposals 
to the Board of Directors.  

5)  Analyse, where  appropriate, the  need  to  make  ex-ante  or  ex-post adjustments to  variable 
remuneration,  including  the  application  of  malus  or  clawback  arrangements  for  variable 
remuneration, submitting the corresponding proposals to the Board of Directors, prior report of 
the corresponding committees in each case.  

6)  Annually submit the proposal of the annual report on the remuneration of the Bank's directors to 
the Board of Directors, which will be submitted to the Annual General Shareholders' Meeting, in 
accordance with the provisions of the applicable law. 

7)  Propose to the Board of Directors the remuneration policy for senior managers and  rest of 
Identified Staff. Likewise, oversee its  implementation, including oversight of the process for 
identifying such employees. 

8)  Propose to the Board of Directors, and oversee the implementation of, the remuneration policy 
for the Group, which may include the policy for senior managers and other emplo yees of the 
Identified Staff, stated in the previous paragraph. 

9)  Propose to the Board of Directors the basic contractual conditions for senior managers, including 

their remuneration and severance indemnity in the event of termination. 

10) Directly oversee the remuneration of senior managers and determine, within the framework of the 
remuneration model applicable to Senior Management at any given time, the objectives and 
criteria for measuring variable remuneration of the heads of the Regulation and Internal Control 
function and of the Internal Audit function, submitting the corresponding proposals to the Board 
of Directors, on the basis of those submitted to it in this regard  by the Risk and Compliance 
Committee and the Audit Committee, respectively.  

11) Ensure observance of the remuneration policies established by the Company and review them 
periodically,  proposing, where  appropriate, any  modifications deemed necessary to  ensure, 
amongst other things, that they are adequate for the purposes of attracting and retaini ng the best 
professionals, that they contribute to the creation of long-term value and adequate control and 
management of risks, and that they attend to the principle of pay equity. In particular, ensure that 
the  remuneration policies established by  the  Co mpany are  subject to  internal, central and 
independent review at least once a year. 

12) Verify the information on the remuneration of directors and senior managers contained in the 
various corporate documents, including the annual report on the remuneration of  directors. 

13) Oversee  the  selection of  external  advisers,  whose  advice  or  support  is  required  for  the 
performance of their functions in remuneration matters, ensuring that any potential conflicts of 
interest do not impair the independence of the advice provi ded. 

The organisational and operational rules and most significant activities carried out by the Remunerations 
Committee in 2019 are detailed in section H of this Report.  

RISK AND COMPLIANCE COMMITTEE 

Juan Pi Llorens 

Name 

Position 
Chair 

Category 
Independent 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

193 

 
 
 
 
José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 
Jaime Félix Caruana Lacorte 
Carlos Loring Martínez de Irujo 
Susana Rodríguez Vidarte 

Member 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Independent 
Independent 
Other external 
Other external 

% of proprietary directors 

% of independent directors 

% of other external directors 

0% 

60% 

40% 

Explain the duties assigned to this committee and describe both the procedures and organisational and 
operational rules of the committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant activities during the 
financial year and how it has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the 
bylaws or in other corporate resolutions. 

The main task of the Risk and Compliance Committee is to assist the Board of Directors in the determination 
and monitoring of the Group's risk control and management policy, including risk internal control and non-
financial risks, with the exception of those related to internal financial control, which are within the Audit 
Committee’s remit; those related to technological risk, which are within the Technology and Cybersecurity 
Committee’s remit; and those related to business and reputational risk, which are within the Executive  
Committee’s remit. It will also assist the Board of Directors in the oversight of the Compliance function and 
the implementation of a risk and compliance culture in the Group.  

In particular, in accordance with the powers conferred on it by Article 5 of the Regulations of the Risk and 
Compliance Committee approved by the Board on 29 April 2019, and without prejudice to any other 
functions assigned to it either by law, the Bank's internal regulations or attributed to it by decision of the 
Board of Directors, the Risk and Compliance Committee will have the following functions explained below, 
including also the actions carried out by the Committee to fulfil said functions: 

1.  Analyse, on the strategic bases established either by the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee 
at any given time, and submit to the Board proposals regarding the strategy, control and management 
of the risks of the Group. These proposals will identify, in particular: (i) the Group's risk appetite; and 
(ii) the level of acceptable risk in terms of the risk profile and risk capital broken down into the Group's 
businesses and areas of activity. The proposals shall be analysed and submitted to the Board of Directors 
by the Committee on the basis of the strategic and financial approaches determined by both the Board 
of Directors and the Executive Committee. 

With regard  to the BBVA Group's Risk Appetite Framework for financial year 2019, the Risk and 
Compliance Committee has revised the proposal for risk statements, metrics and limits prior to its 
consideration and approval by the competent corporate bodies. 

Furthermore, in several of its meetings the Risk and  Compliance Committee analysed and finally 
submitted proposals for the BBVA Group's Risk Appetite Framework for 2020 financial year, as well as 
an update to the BBVA Group's General Risk Management and Control Model. These were submitted 
to the Board of Directors for its consideration and, where appropriate, its approval, on the basis of the 
approach taken by the Executive Committee.  

On the other hand, during financial year 2019, the Risk and Compliance Committee reviewed reports 
on the internal capital adequacy assessment process (ICAAP) and  the internal liquidity adequacy 
assessment process (ILAAP), as well as proposals on statements of capital and liquidity adequacy, as 
legally required, in order to monitor the development of stress scenarios and verify their alignment 
with the approved Risk Appetite Framework. This review was carried out with assistance from the Risk 
and Finance areas, amongst others. This made it possible to ensure that these reports and proposals 
faithfully reflected the Group's situation in the areas  analysed prior to them being submitted for 
consideration by the Executive Committee and the Board of Directors. 

2.  Address,  in  a  manner  consistent with  the  Risk  Appetite  Framework  established  by  the  Board  of 
Directors, the control and management policies for the different Group’s risks, including financial risks, 
and, to the extent that they do not correspond to another Board Committee, non-financial risks, as well 
as internal control and reporting systems.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

194 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Risk and  Compliance Committee has participated in the annual  review and  updating  of the  
corporate risk management and control policies for the different risks of the Group, ensuring they are 
consistent with the Group's General Risk Management and Control Model.  

The Risk and Compliance Committee also confirmed that the Model itself is adequate and that the 
Group has risk-management areas structured both at corporate level and in each geographical and/or 
business area, that function correctly and provide the Committee with the information required to 
understand the Group's risk exposure at all times, thus enabling the Committee to fulfil its monitoring, 
supervision and control functions.  

3.  Supervise the effectiveness of the Regulation & Internal Control area (under whose direction the areas 
of Supervisors,  Regulation and  Compliance are  included, as well as  Internal Risk Control and Non-
Financial Risks), which will report to the Board of Directors via the Committee, and in particular will: (i) 
propose to the Board of Directors the appointment and removal of the Head of Regulation & Internal 
Control; (ii) analyse and establish the objectives for the Head of Regulation & Internal Control, and carry 
out evaluation of their performance; (iii) ensure that Regulation & Internal Control has the material and 
human resources  necessary  for the  effective performance of its  functions; (iv) analyse  and, where 
appropriate, approve the annual work plan for Regulation & Internal Control, as well as its modifications, 
and monitor compliance with it.  

The Risk and Compliance Committee has monitored the effectiveness of the Regulation & Internal 
Control area, in matters related to the Head of the area (e.g. appointment, setting objectives) and 
ensuring that the area has the resources necessary to carry out its functions.    

Continued in section H of this Report. 

TECHNOLOGY AND CYBERSECURITY COMMITTEE 

Name 

Carlos Torres Vila 
Tomás Alfaro Drake 
Sunir Kumar Kapoor 
Juan Pi Llorens 
Jan Paul Marie Francis Verplancke 

Position 
Chair 
Member 
Member 
Member 
Member 

Category 
Executive 
Other external 
Independent 
Independent 
Independent 

% of executive directors 
% of proprietary directors 
% of independent directors 
% of other external directors 

20% 
0% 
60% 
20% 

Explain the duties assigned to this  committee and describe both the procedures and organisational and 
operational rules of the committee. For each of these duties, indicate its most significant activities during the 
financial year and how it has, in practice, exercised each of the duties attributed to it, whether in law, in the 
bylaws or in other corporate resolutions. 

The main task of the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee is to assist the Board of D irectors in 
oversight technological risk and cybersecurity management and in monitoring the Group's technological 
strategy.  

In  particular, in  accordance  with the powers conferred on it by Article  5 of the Regulations of the 
Technology and Cybersecurity Committee approved by the Board on 29 April 2019, the Technology 
and Cybersecurity Committee will have the following functions, without prejudice to any other functions 
assigned to it by law, the internal rules of the Bank or by decision of the Board. These  fall into two 
categories, as explained below, including the activities carried out by the Committee to fulfil the respective 
functions: 

  Duties relating to oversight of technological risk and cybersecurity management, such as: 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

195 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
–  Review the Group's exposures to the main technological risks, including the risks related to 
information security and cybersecurity, as well as the procedures adopted by the executive area 
to monitor and control such exposures.  

–  Review the policies and systems for the assessment, control and management of the Group's 
technological infrastructures and risks, including the response and recovery plans in the event 
of cyberattacks.  

–  Be  informed  of  business  continuity  plans  in  matters  of  technology  and  technological 

infrastructure. 

–  Being  informed,  as  appropriate,  about:  (i)  compliance  risks  associated  with  information 
technology; (ii) the procedures established for identifying, assessing, overseeing, managing and 
mitigating these risks.  

–  Being informed about any relevant events that may have occurred with regard to cybersecurity, 
i.e. events that, either individually or as a whole, may cause significant impact or harm to the 
Group's equity, results or reputation. 

–  Being informed, as required, by the  head of the Technological Security area regarding the 

activities it carries out, as well as any incidents that may arise. 

To ensure compliance with these duties, the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee has performed 
the following activities: 

–  Review of the Group's exposure to technological risk: The Committee has reviewed the Bank's 
and the Group's exposure to the main technological risks, including risks relating to information 
security and cybersecurity, ensuring that the executive area is equipped with procedures for 
monitoring and controlling said exposures.  

–  Evaluation, control and  management of risks: The  Committee has  monitored the  Group's 
technological infrastructures and risks, and is informed of the cyberattack response and recovery 
plans, as  well as  the  business continuity plans that  affect the  Group's main  technological 
infrastructures.  

Furthermore, the  Committee has  been  informed of the  compliance risks associated with 
information technology, such as those derived from managing data with regard to the regulation 
on personal data  protection and  the new  regulation on payment services, as  well as  the 
procedures established to identify, manage, control and, if necessary, mitigate these types of 
risks.  

–  Cybersecurity: The Committee has been informed of the Group's cybersecurity strategy and of 

the systems and tools that the Group possesses in this regard.  

Likewise, the Committee has been informed of any significant events that have occurred in 
relation to cybersecurity, including those that have directly affected the Bank or the Group's 
companies, as well as those that have affected important (national or international) entities or 
companies, so that the Committee is aware of the threats to which the Group is (or may be) 
exposed and of the technological defences that BBVA possesses at any time to combat possible 
attacks. 

–  Reports from the head of the Technological Security area: The Committee has been informed 
of the relevant events, projects, transactions, tasks and activity indicators affecting the Group's 
various cybersecurity programmes.  

Continued in section H of this report.  

C.2.2 Fill in the following table with information on the number of female directors sitting on the committees 
of the board of directors at the close of the last four financial years: 

Number of female directors 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

196 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial year 
2019 

Financial year 2018 

Financial year 2017 

Financial year 
2016 

Number  

% 

Number 

% 

Number 

% 

Number 

% 

Executive 
Committee 
Audit Committee  

Appointments 
and Corporate 
Governance 
Committee 
Remunerations 
Committee 
Risk and 
Compliance 
Committee 
Technology and 
Cybersecurity 
Committee 

1 

3 

2 

3 

1 

- 

16.66% 

60% 

40% 

60% 

20% 

- 

1 

3 

3 

3 

1 

- 

16.66% 

60% 

60% 

60% 

20% 

- 

1 

2 

2 

2 

1 

- 

16.66% 

40% 

40% 

40% 

20% 

- 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

- 

16.66% 

40% 

40% 

20% 

20% 

- 

C.2.3 Indicate, where  applicable, if there are  regulations  for the board committees, where they can be 
consulted and any amendments made to them during the financial year. Indicate whether an annual report on 
the activities of each committee has been prepared voluntarily. 

The Board of Directors, at its meeting on 29 April 2019, approved amendments to the Regulations of the 
Board of Directors and to those of its committees. As a result, all Board committees have their own regulations 
with the following characteristics in common: (i) harmonised structure and content; (ii) the specific functions 
of the respective committee; and (iii) referral to the Regulations of the Board as regards the operation of the 
Committee in all matters not provided for in each set of Regulations. These are all available on the Bank's 
corporate website  (www.bbva.com), under  "Shareholders  and  Investors",  "Corporate  Governance  and 
Remuneration Policy".  

In  particular, with  regard  to  the  Executive Committee, the Audit  Committee, the  Risk and  Compliance 
Committee and the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee, the following changes were approved which 
resulted in new consolidated texts: 

  The Executive Committee’s delegated functions were specified and limited, and provides support to 
the Board in matters of strategy and finance and acts as a delegated body under the scope established 
in  its  Regulations. Furthermore,  the  framework  for  decision-making in  relation  to  its  various 
responsibilities was  reflected in the  Regulations, distinguishing between: (i) support functions to 
supporting the Board of Directors in decision-making; (ii) functions relating to the prior report on 
policies that are submitted for approval by the Board of Directors and approval of general policies; (iii) 
monitoring and control functions and (iv) decision-making functions on certain matters. 

  The responsibilities of the Audit Committee have been modified to focus on those relating to oversight 
of the Bank's and the Group's financial information, to the relationship with the external auditor and to 
the Internal Audit function as the Group's third line of defence or "third layer of control". Responsibilities 
assigned to date relating to the areas of regulatory compliance and conduct of the directors were 
removed from the scope of this Committee. 

  With regard to the Risk and Compliance Committee, all functions relating to the "second layer of 
control" are now included within its remit, with the exception of functions which fall within the remit of 
other committees in matters of internal financial control,  technological risk and  reputational  and 
business risk. Matters relating to regulatory compliance and legal risk are also now included within this 
committee's remit. In addition, the Regulations also include a requirement that the Committee be 
composed exclusively of non-executive directors, with a majority of independent directors. 

  With  regard  to  the  Technology  and  Cybersecurity  Committee,  technical improvements  were 

incorporated into its Regulations.   

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

197 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Moreover, new Regulations were implemented for the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee 
and the Remunerations Committee, as said Committees did not have their own regulations, with the following 
main changes being introduced:  

  Functions relating to the corporate governance of the Company, such as the assessment of Board 
members' performance, succession plans and the periodic review of the Bank's corporate governance 
system, as well as those relating to the conduct of directors, are now included within the remit of the 
Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee.  

  Some of the functions of the Remunerations Committee were reinforced as part of the development 

of the Bank's Corporate Governance System.  

All of the committees of the Board of Directors, within the framework of the annual assessment process of 
their operation, have prepared and submitted a report to the Board of Directors detailing the activity carried 
out by each of them in the performance of their functions during 2019, which are explained in more detail in 
sections C.1.17 and C.2.1 above. 

D RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND INTRA-GROUP TRANSACTIONS 

D.1  Explain  the  procedure and  competent bodies, if  any,  for  approving  related-party and  intra-group 
transactions. 

Procedure for approving related-party transactions 
Article 17.1.e) (iii) of the Regulations of the Board of Directors provides that the Board is responsible for 
approving, where applicable, transactions carried out by the Bank or its Group companies with directors 
or  shareholders who,  individually or  in  co ncert with  others, hold  a  significant interest, including 
shareholders represented on the Board of Directors of the Company or of other Group companies, or with 
persons linked to them, with the exceptions provided for by law. 

Moreover, Article 8.6 of the Regulations of the  Board of  Directors establishes that  approval  of the 
transactions conducted by the Company or by Group companies with directors, when these correspond 
to the Board of Directors, will be granted, where appropriate, prior report from the Audit Committee. The 
only exceptions to  this approval  will  be  transactions that  simultaneously meet the  three  following 
specifications: (i) they are carried out under contracts with standard terms and are applied en masse to a 
large number of customers; (ii) they are executed at rates or prices set in general by the party acting as 
supplier of the goods or services; and (iii) they are worth less than 1% of the Company's annual revenues. 

D.2 Detail transactions deemed to be significant for their amount or content carried out between the company 
or its group companies and the company's significant shareholders: 

Name or corporate 
name of the significant 
shareholder 

Name or 
corporate name 
of the company 
or group 
company 

Nature of the 
relationship 

Type of 
transaction 

Amount 
(thousands of euro) 

D.3 Detail any transactions deemed to be significant for their amount or content carried out between the 
company or its group companies and the directors or executives of the company:  

Name or corporate 
name of the directors 
or executives 

Name or 
corporate name 
of the related 
party 

Relationship 

Nature of the 
transaction 

Amount 
(thousands of euro) 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

198 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
D.4 Detail the significant transactions in which the company has engaged with other companies belonging to 
the same group, except those that are eliminated in the process of drawing up the consolidated financial 
statements and that do not form part of the company's usual trade with respect to its objects and conditions.  

In any event, provide information on any intra-group transactions with companies established in countries or 
territories considered tax havens:  

Corporate name of the Group Company 

BBVA GLOBAL FINANCE LTD. 
BBVA GLOBAL FINANCE LTD. 
BBVA GLOBAL FINANCE LTD. 

Brief description of the 
transaction 

Current account deposits 
Term account deposits 
Issue-linked subordinated liabilities 

Amount 
(thousands of 
euro) 
2,369 
6,053 
178,083 

D.5 Detail any significant transactions between the company or its group companies and other related parties, 
which have not been listed in the previous entries. 

Corporate name of the related party 

Brief description of the 
transaction 

Amount 
(thousands of 
euro) 

D.6 Detail the mechanisms established to detect, determine and resolve possible conflicts of interest between 
the company and/or its group, and its directors, executives or significant shareholders.  

Articles 7 and 8 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors regulate issues relating to possible conflicts of 
interest as follows: 

Article 7 

Directors must adopt necessary measures to avoid incurring in situations where their interests, whether on 
their own account or for that of others, may enter into conflict with the corporate interest and with their duties 
with respect to the Company, unless the Company has granted its consent under the terms established in 
applicable legislation and in the Regulations of the Board of Directors. 

Likewise, they must refrain from participating in deliberations and votes on resolutions or decisions in which 
they or a related party may have a direct or indirect conflict of interest, unless these are decisions relating to 
appointment or removal of positions on the management body . 

Directors must notify the Board of Directors of any situation of direct or indirect conflict that they or parties 
related to them may have with respect to the Company's interests . 

Article 8 

The duty of avoiding situations of conflicts of interest referred to in the Article 7 above obliges the directors to 
refrain from, in particular: 

- 

Carrying out transactions with the Company, unless these relate to ordinary transactions, performed under 
standard conditions for customers and of minor relevance. Such transactions are deemed to be those 
whose information is not necessary to provide a true picture of the Company's equity, financial situation 
and results. 
This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

199 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-  Using the name of the Company or invoking their position as director to unduly influence the performance 

of private transactions. 

-  Making use of corporate assets, including the Company's confidential information, for private ends. 

- 

Taking advantage of the Company's business opportunities. 

-  Obtaining  advantages  or  remuneration from third  parties other  than  the  Company and  its Group, 

associated to the performance of their position, unless  they are mere tokens of courtesy. 

- 

Engaging in activities on their own account or on behalf of third parties that involve effective actual or 
potential competition with the Company or that, in any other way, bring them into permanent conflict with 
the Company's interests. 

The above provisions will also apply should the beneficiary of the prohibited acts or activities described in the 
previous sections be  a  related  party  to  the  director. However, the  Company may  dispense with  the 
aforementioned prohibitions in specific cases, authorising a director or a related party to carry out a certain 
transaction with the Company, to use certain corporate assets, to take advantage  of a  specific business 
opportunity or to obtain an advantage or remuneration from a third party. 

When  the authorisation is intended to dispense with the  prohibition against obtaining an  advantage  or 
remuneration from third parties, or affects a transaction whose value is over 10% of the corporate assets, it 
must necessarily be agreed by the General Shareholders' Meeting. 

The obligation not to compete with the Company may only be dispensed with when no damage is expected 
to the Company or when any damage that is expected is compensated by the benefits that are foreseen from 
the dispensation. The dispensation will be conferred under an express and separate resolution of the General 
Shareholders' Meeting. 

In  other  cases, the authorisation may  also be  resolved by  the  Board  of  Directors, provided that  the 
independence of the  members conferring it  is  guaranteed  with  respect to  the  director receiving the 
dispensation. Moreover, it will be necessary to ensure that the authorised transaction will not do harm to the 
corporate equity or, where applicable, that it is carried out under market conditions and that the process is 
transparent. 

Approval by the Board of Directors of the transactions of the Bank or companies within its Group with directors 
will be granted, where appropriate, after receiving a report from the Audit Committee. The only exceptions to 
this approval will be transactions that simultaneously meet the three following specifications: 1) they are carried 
out under contracts with standardised terms and are applied en masse to a large number of customers; 2) 
they are executed at rates or prices set in general by the party acting as supplier of the goods or services; and 
3) they are worth less than 1% of the Company's annual revenues. 

Since BBVA is a credit institution, it is subject to the provisions of Spanish Law 10/2014 of 26 June, on the 
regulation, supervision and solvency of credit institutions, whereby the directors and general managers or 
similar  positions may  not  obtain  credits,  collateral or  guarantees  from  the  Bank  on  whose board  or 
management  they  work,  above  the  limit  and  under  the  terms  established  in  Article 35  of  Royal 
Decree 84/2015, implementing Law 10/2014, unless expressly authorised by the Bank of Spain. 

Continued in Section H of this report.  

D.7 Are more than one of the Group's companies listed in Spain?   

NO 

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Identify the other companies listed in Spain and their relationship with the company:  

Identity and relationship with other listed Group companies 

Indicate whether the respective areas of business and any potential relations between them, as well as any 
potential business relations between the other listed company and other group companies, have been publicly 
defined: 

NO 

Define any potential business relations between the parent company and the listed 
subsidiary company, and between the listed subsidiary company and other group 
companies 

Identify the mechanisms established to resolve any potential conflicts of interest between the listed company 
and other group companies: 

Mechanisms to resolve potential conflicts of interest 

E    RISK CONTROL  AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS  

E.1 Explain the scope of the company's Risk Control and Management System, including risks of a tax-related 
nature.  

The BBVA Group has a general risk management and control model (hereafter, the "Model") adapted to its 
business model, its organisation, its footprint and its Corporate Governance System. This allows the BBVA 
Group to operate within the framework of the control and risk management strategy and policy defined 
by the Bank's corporate bodies and to adapt to an ever-changing economic and regulatory environment, 
addressing risk management on a global level in a manner adapted to the circumstances at any moment. 

This Model is applied comprehensively in the Group and is made up of the basic elements set out below: 

I. 

II. 

III. 

IV. 

Governance and organisation 

Risk Appetite Framework 

Evaluation, monitoring and reporting 

Infrastructure 

Furthermore, the Group promotes the development of a risk culture that ensures consistent application of 
the Model within the Group, and that guarantees that the risk function is understood and internalised at 
all levels of the organisation. 

The Model applies to the management and  control of financial and non-financial risks of the Group, 
including tax risks, without prejudice that, on the tax scope, in addition to the management of this type of 
risk  as  a  non-financial risk, BBVA has  tax  risk  management policy based on  an  adequate control 
environment, a risk identification system and a monitoring process including continuous improvement of 
the effectiveness of the established controls. This management model is revised and assessed by an 
independent expert. 

For more information on the basic elements of the Model, see "General risk management and control 
model" in the "Risk management" chapter of the individual and consolidated Management Reports for 
financial year 2019.   
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E.2 Identify the corporate bodies responsible for drawing up and enforcing the Risk Control and Management 
System, including tax-related risks.  

With regard to risks, the Board of Directors is responsible for determining the risk control and management 
policy and the oversight and control of its implementation. 

In addition, and for a proper discharge of its functions, the Board of Directors is assisted by the Risk and 
Compliance Committee in the matters specified below. It is also assisted by the Executive Committee, 
which focuses on strategy, finance and business-related matters in an integrated manner, in order to 
monitor the Group's risks. 

In particular, the Board of Directors establishes the Group's risk strategy and, in the discharge of this 
function, determines the risk control and management policy, which is set out in: the BBVA Group's Risk 
Appetite Framework—which includes the Group's risk appetite statement and a set of quantitative metrics 
originating from said statement that  reflect the BBVA Group's risk  profile —; the management policy 
framework for the different types of risk to which the Bank is or may be exposed; and the BBVA Group's 
risk control and management model. 

Furthermore, it monitors the evolution of the BBVA Group's risks as well as the risks of each of its main 
geographical and/or business areas, ensuring their compliance with the BBVA Group's Risk Appetite 
Framework; also overseeing internal information and control systems. 

At the executive level, the Head of Global Risk Management is responsible for managing all of the Group's 
financial risks and is responsible for ensuring, within the scope of functions, that the BBVA Group's risks 
are managed according to the established model. 

For decision-making, the Head of Global Risk Management has a governance structure for the role that 
culminates in a support forum, the Global Risk Management Committee (GRMC), which is established as 
the main executive-level committee on the risks within its remit. 

In addition, the Chief Risk Officers of the geographical and business areas report functionally to the Head 
of Global Risk Management and report operationally to the head of their geographical and/or business 
area. This dual reporting system aims to ensure the independence of the local risk management function 
from the operating functions, and enable its alignment with the Group's risk-related corporate policies and 
goals. 

With regard to non-financial risks and internal control, the Group has a Regulation & Internal Control area 
that is independent from the other units, and is responsible for proposing and implementing policies related 
to non-financial risks and the Group's internal control model. This area also includes, amongst others, the 
Non-Financial Risk, Regulatory Compliance and Internal Risk Control units. 

For  more information on  the  bodies responsible for  risk  management and  control at  BBVA, see 
"Governance and organization" in the "General risk management and control model" section under the "Risk 
management" chapter of the individual and consolidated Management Reports for financial year 2019.  

As far as tax risk is concerned, the Tax function of the BBVA Group is responsible for establishing the 
control mechanisms and internal rules necessary to ensure compliance with current tax regulations, as 
well as proposing the tax strategy to the Board of Directors for their consideration and approval, where 
appropriate. In addition, the Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the tax risks in the process of 
preparation and presenting financial information, which is evidenced by the reports made by the Head of 
the BBVA Group's Tax function to the Committee.  

E.3 Indicate the primary risks, including tax-related risks and, where significant, risk derived from corruption 
(the latter can be understood to be within the scope of Royal Decree Law 18/2017) that could prevent business 
targets from being met.  

BBVA  has  processes to  identify risks  and  analyse scenarios, enabling dynamic  and  advance  risk 
management. These processes are forward-looking to ensure the identification of emerging risks, and take 

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into account the  concerns of both  the  business and  corporate areas,  as  well as  those of Senior 
Management. 

Risks are  identified and  measured in  a  consistent manner  and  in  line with  methodologies that  are 
considered adequate. Their measurement includes scenario analyses and stress testing, and considers the 
controls to which the risks are subject. 

In this regard, there are a number of emerging risks that could impact the Group's business performance. 
These risks are organised into the following large blocks:  

  Macroeconomic and geopolitical risks 

  Regulatory and reputational risks 

  Business, legal and operational risks 

For more information on these risks, see "Risk factors" in the "Risk management" chapter of the individual 
and consolidated Management Reports for financial year 2019, and “Other non-financial risks” chapter of 
the Non-Financial Information Statement, included in said Management Reports. 

Likewise, amongst the possible crimes included in the criminal prevention model are those related to 
corruption and  bribery,  since there  are  a  number  of  risks that  could manifest in  a  company with 
characteristics such as those of BBVA. For more information on these, see "Other standards of conduct" in 
the "Compliance system" section, which is included in the "Ethical behaviour" chapter of the Non-Financial 
Information Statement in the individual and consolidated Management Reports for the 2019 financial year.  

On the other hand, and not having the  consideration of significant risk referred to in this section, the 
Spanish judicial authorities are investigating the activities of Centro Exclusivo de Negocios y Transacciones, 
S.L. (Cenyt). Such investigation includes the provision of services by Cenyt to the Bank.  

In relation to this, on 29th July 2019, the Bank was named as an official suspect (investigado) in a criminal 
judicial investigation (Preliminary Proceeding No. 96/2017 – Piece No. 9, Central Investigating Court No. 
6 of the National High Court) for alleged facts which could be constitutive of bribery, revelation of secrets 
and corruption.  

Certain current and former officer and employees of the Group, as well as former directors have also been 
named as official suspects in connection with this investigation.  

The Bank has been and continues to proactively collaborate with the Spanish judicial authorities, and has 
shared with the courts the relevant information from its on-going forensic investigation regarding its 
relationship with Cenyt.  

The Bank has also testified before the judge and prosecutors at the request of Central Investigating Court 
No. 6 of the National High Court. 

On 3 February 2020 the Bank was notified by the Central Investigating Court No. 6 of the National High 
Court of the order lifting secrecy of the proceedings. 

This criminal judicial proceeding is at a preliminary stage. Therefore, it is not possible at this time to predict 
the scope or duration of such proceeding or any related proceeding or its or their possible outcomes or 
implications for the Group, including any fines, damages or harm to the Group's reputation caused thereby. 

E.4 Identify whether the company has a risk tolerance level, including tax-related risks. 

The Group's Risk Appetite Framework, approved by the corporate bodies, determines the risks (financial 
and non-financial risks, including tax risks) and the associated risk levels that the Group is prepared to 
assume to achieve its objectives, considering the organic development pattern of the business. These are 
expressed in terms of solvency, liquidity and funding, profitability and recurrence of revenue, which are 
reviewed not only periodically but also if there are any substantial changes in the Bank's business strategy 
or relevant corporate transactions. 

The Risk Appetite Framework is expressed through the following elements:  

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  Risk Appetite Statement: This contains the general principles of the Group's risk strategy and the 

target risk profile.  

  Statements and core metrics: Derived from the appetite statement, these statements set out the 
general risk management principles in terms of solvency, liquidity and funding, profitability and 
income recurrence. 

  Statement and metrics by type of risk: The general principles for managing each type of risk are 
established based on the core metrics and their thresholds for the risk in question. A series  of 
metrics are also determined, and adherence to these ensures compliance with the core metrics 
and the Group's Risk Appetite Statement. 

In addition to this Framework, there is a level of management limits that is defined and managed by the 
areas  responsible for  managing  each type of financial and  non-financial risk (including tax  risks) in 
developing the structure of the metrics by type of risk. This is to ensure that anticipatory risk management 
respects this structure and, in general, the established Risk Appetite Framework. 

Each significant geographical area has its own Risk Appetite Framework consisting of its local Risk Appetite 
Statement, core metrics and  statements, statements and  metrics by type of risk,  which should be 
consistent with those set at the Group level, but adapted to their reality and approved by the corresponding 
corporate bodies of each entity. This Appetite Framework has a limit structure in line and consistent with 
the above. 

The corporate risk area works together with the various geographical and/or business areas to define their 
Risk Appetite Framework, so that it is coordinated with, and integrated into the Group's Risk Appetite, 
making sure that its profile is in line with the one defined. Also, for local monitoring purposes, the Chief 
Risk Officer for the geographical area and/or business area will periodically report on the evolution of the 
local Risk Appetite Framework metrics to their corporate bodies, as well as, where appropriate, to the 
appropriate local top-level committees, following a scheme similar to that of the Group, in accordance with 
its own corporate governance systems.  

For more information on the Risk Appetite Framework described above and  on  its monitoring and 
management integration, see "Risk Appetite framework" in the "General Risk management and control 
model" section within the "Risk management" chapter of the individual and consolidated Management 
Reports for financial year 2019. 

E.5 State what risks, including tax-related risks, have occurred during the financial year. 

Risk is inherent to financial activity and, therefore, the occurrence of risks in minor or major measure is an 
inseparable part of the Group's activities. BBVA therefore offers detailed information on the evolution of 
risks which, by their nature, continuously affect the Group in carrying out its activity. This information is 
provided in its annual financial statements (notes 7 and 19 on risk management and tax risks, respectively, 
in the BBVA Group's Consolidated Annual Financial Statements; and notes  5 and 17 on the same subject 
matters, in the BBVA Group's Individual Annual Financial Statements, both for financial year 2019) and in 
the individual and consolidated management reports, both for financial year 2019 ("Risk management" 
chapter and “Other non-financial risks” chapter of the Non-Financial Information Statement). 

E.6 Explain the response and oversight plans for the primary risks faced by the company, including tax-related 
risks, and the procedures followed by the company to ensure that the Board of Directors responds to any new 
challenges.  

The BBVA Group's internal control system for operational risks is based on the best practices developed 
both in the COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Committee) "Enterprise Risk 
Management — Integrated Framework" and in the "Framework for Internal Control Systems in Banking 
Organisations" drawn up by the Basel Bank for International Settlements (BIS). 

The control model has a system comprising three lines of defence: 

  The Group's business and support units constitute the first line of defence. They are responsible 
for primary management of current and emerging risks, and implementing control procedures for 
risk mitigation. They are also responsible for reporting to thei r business/support unit.  

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  The second line of defence is comprised of specialised control units in different areas of risk: 
Compliance, Legal, Finance, People, Physical security, Technological security, Information and 
Data Security, Suppliers, Internal Risk Control and Processes. This line defines the control policies 
in its specialist field, across the entire Entity, and provides training to areas exposed to risk. It also 
contrasts the identification of current and emerging risks carried out by the different business and 
support  units,  and  assesses the  adequacy  and  effectiveness of  the  control environments 
implemented by them.  

With regard to operational risk, the control activity for the first and second lines of defence will 
be coordinated by the Non-Financial Risks unit, which will also be responsible for providing these 
units with a common internal control methodology and global tools. The Group's Head of Non-
Financial Risks is responsible for the function and, together with the Head of Compliance and the 
Head of Internal Risk Control, reports its activity to the Head of Regulation & Internal Control and 
to  the  Board's Risk and  Compliance Committee,  assisting the  latter  in  any  matters where 
requested. 

  The third line of defence is made up of the Internal Audit unit, for which the Group assumes the 
guidelines of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and of the Institute of Internal Auditors. 
Its function is configured as an independent and objective activity of evaluation of the first and 
second lines of defence. It evaluates the efficiency and effectiveness of the internal control and 
risk management policies and systems and of the processes and policies established by the Group.    

As part of the second line of defence, the Group has a specific Internal Risk Control Unit, within the area 
of Regulation & Internal Control, which, independently, performs, among other tasks, the contrast and 
control of financial risk regulation and governance structure and its application and operation in the area 
of Global Risk Management, as well as the contrast of the development and implementation of financial 
risk management and control processes. It is also responsible for the validation of risk models.  

The Group's Head of Internal Risk Control is responsible for the function, proposes its work plan to the 
Head of Regulation & Internal Control and to the Risk and Compliance Committee, providing them with 
the  necessary information to  monitor the activity plans  proposed. Moreover it assists the Risk and 
Compliance Committee it in any matters where requested. 

In addition, the internal risk control function is global and transversal, covering all types of financial risks 
and having specific units in all geographical and/or business areas, with functional dependency on the 
Group's Head of Internal Risk Control. 

As far as tax risk is concerned, the Tax Department, located within the Finance area, is responsible for 
establishing the policies and controls necessary to ensure compliance at all times with the current tax 
regulations and the tax strategy approved by the Board of Directors. Internal Financial Control, as a second 
line of defence against financial, accounting and tax risks, is the area responsible for assessing the quality 
of the design and effectiveness of the control model operating in tax processes, as detailed in section F of 
this document. 

Finally, in order to meet the new challenges that arise, the BBVA Group has a governance system that 
allows the Board of Directors to be informed of the real and potential risks that affect or may affect the 
Group at any time. Thus, in addition to the work carried out by the Bank's different areas of control (Risk, 
Regulation & Internal Control and Internal Audit), as well as other areas of the Bank, such as the legal and 
tax areas; and the corresponding Board committees (such as the Risk and Compliance Committee or Audit 
Committee), there is also the prospective monitoring and supervision carried out by the Technology and 
Cybersecurity Committee. Its work allows the Board of Directors to be informed of the main technological 
risks to which the Group is exposed – including those relating to information security risks, information 
technology compliance risks, and cybersecurity risks – as well as current technology strategies and trends, 
and relevant cybersecurity events affecting the Group or which might affect it in the future, among other 
functions.  

F  INTERNAL CONTROL AND RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING (ICFR) 

Describe the mechanisms comprising the risk management and control systems for financial reporting (ICFR) 
in your entity. 

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F.1 The entity's control environment 
Give information on the key features of at least: 

F.1.1. Which bodies and/or functions are responsible for: (i) the existence and maintenance of an adequate 
and effective ICFR; (ii) its implementation and (iii) its supervision. 

Pursuant to Article 17 of its Regulations, the Board of Directors approves the financial information that BBVA 
is required to publish periodically as a listed company. The Board of Directors has an Audit Committee whose 
main task, among others, is to assist the Board in overseeing the preparation of financial statements and public 
information, as well as monitoring internal financial control. 

In this regard, the Regulations of BBVA's Audit Committee establish that one of the Committee's functions is to 
oversee the effectiveness of the Company's internal control and the risk management systems in the process 
of drawing up and presenting financial information, including tax risks, as well as discussing with the external 
auditor the significant weaknesses of the internal control syste m detected during the audit. 

The BBVA Group complies with the requirements imposed by the Sarbanes Oxley Act ("SOX") for each financial 
year's consolidated annual financial statements due to its status as a publicly traded company listed with the 
United States Securities Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The main Group executives are involved in the design, 
compliance and maintenance of an effective internal control model that guarantees the quality and veracity of 
the financial information. The Finance area has been responsible during 2019 for producing the consolidated 
annual financial statements and maintaining the control model for financial information generation. Specifically, 
this function is performed by the Financial Internal Control area, which is integrated within the Group's general 
internal control model, which is outlined below. 

In 2019, the BBVA Group strengthened its internal control model, which comprise two key elements. The first 
element is the control structure, organised into three lines of defence, as described in section E.6 above, and 
the second is a  governance scheme known as Corporate Assurance, which establishes a framework for 
overseeing the internal control model and for escalating the main issues relating to internal control within the 
Group to Senior Management.  

The Corporate Assurance model (in which the business areas, support areas and the areas specialising in 
internal control participate), is organised into a system of committees that analyse the most relevant issues 
related to internal control in each geographical area, with the participation of the country's top managers.  
These committees report to the Group's Global Committee, chaired by the Chief Executive Officer with the 
assistance of the main global executives responsible for the business and control areas. 

The effectiveness of this internal control system is assessed periodically for those risks that may affect the 
correct preparation of the Group's financial statements. The assessment is coordinated by the Internal Financial 
Control area and involves control specialists from business and support areas. The Group's Internal Audit area 
also performs its own assessment of the internal control system with regard to the generation of financial 
information. In addition, the  external auditor  of the  BBVA Group  issues an  opinion every year  on  the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established by COSO (Committee of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway  Commission) and  in  accordance with PCAOB (the US Public 
Company Accounting Oversight Board) standards. This opinion appears in Form 20-F, which is filed every year 
with the SEC. 

The result of the annual internal assessment of the System of Internal Control over Financial Reporting, carried 
out by Internal Audit and Internal Financial Control, is reported to the Audit Committee by the heads of Internal 
Financial Control. 

F.1.2. Whether, especially in the process of drawing up financial information, the following elements exist:  

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• Departments and/or mechanisms responsible for: (i) the design and review of the organisational structure; (ii) 
the clear definition of lines of responsibility and authority, with an adequate distribution of tasks and functions; 
and (iii) ensuring that sufficient procedures exist for their correct dissemination within the entity. 

Financial information is produced in the local Finance Departments of the BBVA Group banks in the different 
countries where it  operates. The consolidation work is carried out in the Corporate Centre, in the Finance 
Department, which has overall responsibility for the preparation and  disclosure of the Group's financial and 
regulatory information. 

BBVA's organisational structure clearly defines lines of action and responsibility for the areas involved in the 
generation of financial information, both at the individual entity level and consolidated Group level, and also 
provides the channels and circuits necessary for the proper disclosure thereof, as well as a procedure for the 
disclosure of the annual accounts. The units responsible for drawing up these financial statements have a 
suitable distribution of tasks and the necessary segregation of functions to draw up these statements in an 
appropriate operational and control framework. 

Additionally, there  is  an  accountability model aimed  at  extending the  culture of  internal  control, and 
commitment with its compliance. Those in charge of the design and operation of the processes that have an 
impact on financial reporting certify that all the controls associated with its operation under their responsibility 
are sufficient and have worked correctly. 

• Code of conduct, approval body, degree of dissemination and instruction, principles and values included 
(indicating whether there are specific mentions of recording transactions and drawing up financial information), 
body in charge of analysing non-compliance and proposing corrective measures and sanctions.  

BBVA has  a  Code of Conduct that  is  approved  by  the Board  of Directors and  reflects BBVA's  specific 
commitments with regard to one of the principles of its Corporate Culture: Integrity in the consideration and 
undertaking of its business. This Code likewise establishes the corresponding whistleblowing channel regarding 
possible infringements of the Code. It is the subject of training and refresher programmes, including key 
personnel in the financial function.  

Following the update to the Code in 2015, communication campaigns to share its new content have been in 
place since 2016, making use of new formats and digital channels. In addition, a training plan has been 
developed at a global level, reaching the entire workforce of the Group.  

The Code of Conduct can be accessed on the Bank's website (www.bbva.com) and on the employees' website 
(Intranet). Additionally, Group members undertake personally and individually to observe its principles and 
rules in an express declaration of awareness and adhesion.  

One of the functions of the Risk and Compliance Committee is to examine draft codes of ethics and conduct 
and their respective modifications prepared by the corresponding area of the Group, and give its opinion in 
advance of the proposals to be submitted to the Corporate Bodies.  

Additionally, BBVA has adopted a structure of Corporate Integrity Management Committees (with individual 
powers at jurisdiction or Group entity levels, as applicable). Their joint scope of action covers all the Group 
businesses and activities and their main duty is to ensure effective application of the Code of Conduct. There 
is also a Corporate Integrity Management Committee, whose scope of responsibility extends throughout BBVA. 
The main mission of this committee entails ensuring uniform application of the Code in BBVA. 

The Compliance Unit in turn independently and objectively promotes and supervises that BBVA acts with 
integrity, particularly in areas such as money-laundering prevention, conduct with clients, security market 
conduct, corruption prevention, and other areas that could entail a reputational risk for BBVA. The unit's duties 
include fostering  the knowledge and  application of  the  Code of  Conduct,  promoting the  drafting  and 
distribution of its implementing standards, assisting in the resolution of any concern that may arise regarding 
the interpretation of the Code, and managing the Whistleblowing Channel . 

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• Whistleblowing channel, which allows financial and accounting irregularities to be communicated to the audit 
committee, as well as possible breaches of the code of conduct and irregular activities in the organisation, 
reporting where applicable if this is confidential in nature.   

Preservation of the  Corporate Integrity of BBVA transcends merely personal account ability for individual 
actions, it calls for all employees to have zero tolerance for activities that do not comply with the Code of 
Conduct or that could harm the reputation or good name of BBVA. This attitude is reflected in everyone's 
commitment to whistle-blowing, by timely communication, of situations that, even when unrelated to their 
activity or area of responsibility, could be infringe regulations or contradict the values and guidelines of the 
Code.  

The  Code  of  Conduct  itself  establishes the  communication  guidelines to  follow and  contemplates  a 
Whistleblowing Channel, guaranteeing the duty of discretion of reporting parties, the confidentiality of the 
investigations and the prohibition of retaliation or adverse consequences in light of communications made in 
good faith. 

Telephone lines and email inboxes have been set up in each jurisdiction for these communications, available 
on the Group Intranet. 

As described in the previous section, BBVA has adopted a  structure of Corporate Integrity Management  
Committees (with individual powers at jurisdiction or Group entity levels, as applicable), whose joint scope of 
action covers all the Group businesses and activities and whose functions and responsibilities (explained in 
greater detail in their corresponding regulations) include: 

  Driving and monitoring global initiatives to foster and promote a culture of ethics and integrity among 

members of the Group. 

  Ensuring the uniform application of the Code. 

  Promoting and monitoring the functioning and effectiveness of the Whistleblowing Channel. 

 

In cases where they are not already included among the members of the Committee, informing Senior 
Management and/or the person responsible for preparing the financial statements of any events and 
circumstances from which significant risks might arise for BBVA. 

In  addition, the  Risk and  Compliance Committee supervises and  controls the proper functioning of the 
Whistleblowing Channel, receiving periodic reports from the Compliance unit. 

• Periodic training and refresher courses for employees involved in preparing and revising financial information, 
and in ICFR assessment, covering at least accounting standards, audit, internal control and risk management. 

The Finance area has a specific programme of courses and seminars, run in both its face-to-face and virtual 
campus, which complement the general training of all employees of the BBVA Group, in accordance to their 
functions and responsibilities. Specific training and periodic refresher courses are provided on accounting and 
tax regulations, internal control and risk management, particularly for teams in the areas involved in preparing 
and reviewing the financial and tax-related information and in evaluating the internal control system, to help 
them perform their functions correctly. These courses are taught by professionals from the area and renowned 
external providers. 

Additionally, the BBVA Group has a personal development plan for all employees, which forms the basis of a 
personalised training programme to deal with the areas of knowledge necessary to perform their functions. 

F.2 Financial reporting risk assessment 

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Give information on at least: 

F.2.1. The key features of the risk identification process, including error and fraud risks, with respect to:   

• Whether the process exists and is documented. 

The ICFR was developed by the Group Management in accordance with international standards set forth by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"), which establishes five 
components on which the effectiveness and efficiency of internal control systems must be based:  

  Establishing an adequate control environment for monitoring all these activities.  
  Assessing the risks that may be incurred by an entity in drawing up its financial  information. 
  Designing the necessary controls to mitigate the most critical risks. 
  Establishing the adequate information circuits to detect and communicate the system's weaknesses or 

inefficiencies. 

  Monitoring such controls to ensure that they are operational and to guarantee their effectiveness over 

time. 

In order to identify the risks with a greater potential impact on the generation of financial information, the 
processes through which such information is generated are analysed and documented, and an analysis of the 
risks, errors or inaccuracies that may arise in each is later conducted. 

Based on the corporate internal control methodology, the risks are categorised by type, including process 
errors and fraud, and their probability of occurrence and pos sible impact are analysed. 

The process of identifying risks in the preparation of Financial statements, including risks of error, falsehood 
or omission, is carried out by the first line of defence: those responsible for each of the processes that 
contribute to the preparation of financial information and those responsible for control. This risk identification 
is performed taking into account the theoretical risk model and the mitigation and control framework previously 
defined by the second line of defence, which, in the case of Finance, is the Internal Financial Control unit (tax 
and financial reporting risk specialist), who, in turn, challenges the functioning and effectiveness of the controls 
implemented.  

The scope of the periodic assessment –annual, quarterly or monthly- of their controls is determined based on 
the significance of the risks, thus ensuring coverage of the risks considered critical for the financial statements.  

The assessment of the aforementioned risks and the design and effectiveness of their controls begins with the 
understanding  and  knowledge  of  the  analysed  operating  process,  considering criteria  of  quantitative 
materiality, likelihood of occurrence and economic impact, in addition to qualitative criteria associated with the 
type, complexity and nature of the risks or of the business or process structure itself.   

The system for identifying and assessing the risks of internal control over financial reporting is dynamic. It 
evolves continuously, always reflecting the reality of the Group's business, changes in operating processes, the 
regulations applicable at all times, the risks affecting them and the controls that mitigate them.  

All this is documented in a corporate management tool developed and managed by the Non-Financial Risk 
area (STORM). This tool documents all the risks and controls, by process, which are managed by the different 
risk specialists, including the Financial Internal Control unit. 

•  Whether  the  process covers all  of  the  objectives of  financial re porting  (existence and  occurrence; 
completeness; valuation; presentation, breakdown and comparability; and rights and obligations), whether the 
information is updated and how frequently. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

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Each of the processes identified in the BBVA Group for drawing up fi nancial information aim to record all 
financial transactions, value the assets and liabilities in accordance with applicable accounting regulations and 
provide a breakdown of the information in accordance with regulatory requirements and market needs. 

The financial information control model analyses each of the phases of the processes mentioned above (from 
procedural governance, documentation, criteria setting, decision making, information provision, application 
operation, monitoring information generated, and reporting), in order to ensure that the identified risks are 
adequately covered by controls that operate efficiently. The control model is updated when changes arise in 
the relevant processes for producing financial information. 

• The existence of a process for identifying the consolidation perimeter, taking into account aspects including 
the possible existence of complex corporate structures, or instrumental or special purpose vehicles.  

The Finance area includes a department responsible for the Group's financial consolidation, which carries out 
a  monthly process of identification, analysis  and updating of the perimeter for the Group's consolidated 
companies. 

In addition, the information from the consolidation department on new companies set up by the Group's 
different units, and the changes made to existing companies, is compared with the data analysed by a specific 
committee at corporate level, whose function is to analyse and document the changes in the composition of 
the corporate group (Corporate Structure Committee - CES). 

In addition, the Finance area of the Bank, in controlling special purpose entities, makes a periodic report to the 
Audit Committee on the structure of the Group of companies. 

• Whether the process takes into account the effects of other types of risks (operational, technological, financial, 
legal, tax-related, reputational, environmental etc.) insofar as they impact the financial statements.  

The model of internal control over financial reporting applies not only to processes for directly drawing up such 
financial information but also to all operational or technical processes that could have a relevant impact on the 
financial, accounting, tax-related or management information. 

As mentioned above, the Group has an internal control model coordinated by the Regulation & Internal Control 
area, which uses a single methodology to assess of all the Group's Non-Financial Risks (mainly operational, 
technological, financial, legal, tax-related, reputational, third party and compliance). All the specialist risk areas 
and control assurers use a common tool (STORM) to document the identification of the risks, the controls that 
mitigate those risks and the assessment of their effectiveness. 

There are control assurers in all the operational or support areas, and therefore any type of risk that may affect 
the Group's operations is analysed under that methodology and is included in the ICFR insofar as it may have 
an impact on the financial information. 

• Which of the entity's governing bodies supervises the process. 

The process for identifying risks and assessing the design, effectiveness and suitability of the controls for 
generating financial information is documented at least once a year, and is overseen by the Internal Audit area.  

Moreover, the Group's head of Internal Financial Control reports annually to the Audit Committee on analysis 
work that has been carried out, on the conclusions of the assessment of the control model relating to the 
generation of financial information, and on the process for downstream certification of the effectiveness of the 
control model. This process is undertaken by the financial officers of the main entities and holding control 
specialists. This work follows the SOX methodology in compliance with the l egal requirements, under the 
regulation, on systems of internal control over financial reporting, and is included in Form 20-F, submitted 
annually to the SEC, as indicated in point F.1 above. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

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F.3 Control activities 

Give information on the main features, if at least the following exist: 

F.3.1. Procedures for review and authorisation of financial information and the description of the ICFR, to be 
published on the stock markets, indicating who is responsible for it, and the documentation describing the 
activity flows and controls (including those concerning risk of fraud) for the different types of transactions that 
may materially impact the financial statements, including the procedure for closing the accounts and the 
specific review of the relevant judgements, estimates, valuations and projections. 

All of the processes relating to the generation of financial information are documented, as is the corresponding 
control model, including potential risks associated with each process and the controls put in place to mitigate 
them. As explained in section F.2.1, the aforementioned risks and controls are recorded in the corporate tool 
STORM, which also includes the result of the assessment of the operation of the controls and the degree of 
risk mitigation.  

In particular, the main processes relating to the generation of financial information are found in the Finance 
area,  and  they are: accounting, consolidation, financial reporting, financial planning and  monitoring, and 
financial and  tax  management.  The  analysis of these processes, their  risks  and  their  controls is  also 
supplemented by that of all other critical risks that may have a financial impact from business areas or other 
support areas.  

In the aforementioned review procedures, special attention is paid, from a control point of view, to the financial 
and tax-related information disseminated to the securities markets, including the specific review of controls on 
relevant judgements, estimates and projections used in the preparation of the above-mentioned information.  

As noted in the annual financial statements, it is occasionally necessary to make estimates to determine the 
amount at which some assets, liabilities, income, expenses and commitments should be recorded. These 
estimates are mainly related to: 

  The value corrections of certain financial assets. 
  The assumptions used to quantify certain provisions and in  the actuarial calculation of liabilities and 

commitments for post-employment and other obligations. 

  The useful life and impairment losses of tangible and intangible assets. 
  The appraisal of goodwill and assignments of the price paid in business combinations.  
  The fair value of certain unlisted assets and liabilities. 
  The recoverability of deferred tax assets. 

These estimates are made based on the best information available on the closing date of the financial statement 
and, together with other relevant issues for the closing of the annual and six-monthly financial statements, are 
analysed and authorised by a Technical Committee. 

F.3.2. Internal control procedures and policies for information systems (among others, access security, change 
control, their operation, operational continuity and  segregation of functions) that  support the  relevant 
processes in the entity with respect to drawing up and publishing financial information. 

The Group's current internal control model has expanded the catalogue of technological risks managed as non-
financial risks to three distinct categories: 

  Physical Security: covers risks from inadequate management of the  physical security of  assets 
(including technology) and individuals due to the damage and deterioration of such assets.  

  Technological Security: covers risks from inadequate management of technology changes, IT system 
failures, low availability and IT performance risk, IT system integrity risk, application tampering fraud, 
and logical impersonation. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

211 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Information and Data Security: covers risks from unauthorised access, modification or destruction of 
data  infrastructure,  loss, theft or misuse of information  and cyberattacks that affect the privacy, 
confidentiality, availability, and integrity of information. 

The internal control models therefore include procedures and controls regarding the operation of information 
and access security systems, the segregation o f functions, and the development and modification of computer 
applications used to generate financial information. 

Both types of control are identified in the model of internal control over financial reporting and are analysed 
and assessed periodically, in order to guarantee the integrity and reliability of the information drawn up.  

With all these mechanisms, the BBVA Group can confirm that adequate management of access control is 
maintained, the correct and necessary steps are taken to put applications into production as well as ensuring 
their subsequent support, the creation of backup copies, and assurance of continuity in the processing and 
recording of operations. 

In  summary,  the  entire  process of  preparing  and  reporting financial information has  established and 
documented the  procedures  and control models for  technology and  IT  systems  necessary to  provide 
reasonable assurance of the correctness of the BBVA Group's public financial information.  

F.3.3.  Internal  control  procedures  and  policies  designed  to  supervise  the  management  of  activities 
subcontracted to third parties and those aspects of evaluation, calculation and assessment outsourced to 
independent experts which may materially impact the financial statements. 

The internal control model sets o ut specific controls and procedures for the management of subcontracted 
activities or those aspects of evaluation, calculation and  assessment of assets or liabilities outsourced to 
independent experts. 

There is a  specialist area of risk arising in  operations with third parties ("third party"), a  regulation and a 
committee for  non-financial operational risk  admission, which includes outsourcing-related matters  and 
establishes and  supervises the  requirements to  be  fulfilled at  the  Group level  for  the  activit ies to be 
subcontracted. 

There are procedural manuals for the outsourced financial processes that identify the procedures to be followed 
and the controls to be applied by the service provider units and outsourcing units. The controls established in 
the outsourced processes concerning the generation of financial information are also tested by the Internal 
Financial Control area. 

The valuations from independent experts used for matters relevant for generating financial information are 
included within the standard circuit of review procedures executed by internal control, internal auditing and 
external auditing. 

F.4 Information and communication 

Give information on the main features, if at least the following exist: 

F.4.1. A  specific function in  charge of  defining and  maintaining accounting policies (accounting policy 
department or area) and  resolving queries or conflicts stemming from their interpretation, ensuring fluent 
communication with those in charge of operations in the organisation, and an up-to-date manual of accounting 
policies, communicated to the units through which the entity operates.  

The organisation has two Technical Committees: one for Accounting and one for Capital. The purpose of these 
committees is to analyse, study and issue standards that may affect the compilation of the Group's financial 
and  regulatory information, to  determine the  accounting and  solvency criteria required to  ensure that 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

212 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
transactions are booked correctly, and to calculate capital requirements within the framework of the applicable 
standards. 

The Group also has an Manual for Accounting Policies, which is updated and made available to all Group units 
by means of the Intranet. This Manual is the tool that guarantees that all the decisions related to accounting 
policies or specific accounting criteria to be applied in the Group are supported and are standardised. It is 
approved by the Technical Accounting Committee and is documented and updated for use and analysis by all 
the Group's entities. 

F.4.2. Mechanisms to capture and prepare financial reporting in standardised formats, for application and use 
by all of the units of the entity or the group, that support the main financial statements and the notes, and the 
detailed information on ICFR. 

The BBVA Group's Finance area and the countries' financial management units are responsible for the processes 
for preparing financial statements in accordance with the current accounting and consolidation manuals. There 
is also a consolidation computer application that collects the accounting information of the various companies 
within the Group and performs the consolidation processes, including the standardisation of accounting criteria, 
aggregation of balances and consolidation adjustments. 

Control measures have also been implemented in each of the aforementioned processes, both locally and at 
consolidated  level,  to  ensure  that  all  the  data  supplying  the  financial  information is  collected  in  a 
comprehensive, exact and timely manner. There is also a single and standardised financial reporting system 
that is applicable to and used by all the Group units and  supports the main financial statements and the 
explanatory notes. There are also control measures and procedures to ensure that the information disclosed 
to the markets includes a sufficient level of detail to enable investors and other users of the financial information 
to understand and interpret it. 

F.5 Supervision of the system's operation 

Give information on the key features of at least: 

F.5.1. The ICFR supervision activities carried out by the audit committee and whether the entity has an internal 
audit function with powers that include providing support to the audit committee in its task of supervising the 
internal control system, including the ICFR. Likewise, information will be given on the scope of the ICFR 
assessment carried out during the financial year and of the procedure by which the person in charge of 
performing the assessment communicates its results, whether the entity has an action plan listing the possible 
corrective measures, and whether its impact on financial reporting has been considered.  

The internal control units of the business areas and of the support areas conduct a preliminary assessment of 
the internal control model, assess the risks identified in the processes, the effectiveness of controls, and the 
degree of mitigation of the  risks, as  well  as  identifying weaknesses, and  designing, implementing and 
monitoring the mitigation measures and action plans.  

The first assessment of the effectiveness of the controls should be carried out by the RCA (Risk Control Assurer). 
Later it is the RCS (Risk Control Specialist –second line of defence-) who must challenge the design and 
operation of the controls in order to issue a conclusion on the ope ration of the control model on the risks 
covered by its field of expertise.  

BBVA also has an Internal Audit unit that  supports the Audit Committee with regard  to the independent 
supervision of  the  internal  financial information control system. The  Internal  Audit  function is  entirely 
independent of the units that draw up the financial information. 

All the weaknesses in controls, mitigation measures and specific action plans are documented in the corporate 
tool STORM and submitted to the internal control and operational risk committees of the areas, as well as to 
the local or global Corporate Assurance Committees, based on the significance of the detected issues.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

213 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In summary: both the weaknesses identified by the internal control units and those detected by  the internal or 
external auditor have an action plan in place to correct or mitigate the risks. 

During the 2019 financial year, the areas responsible for Internal Control conducted a full assessment of the 
system for internal control over financial reporting, and, to date, no material or significant weakness have been 
revealed therein affecting the drawing up of financial information. 

Additionally, in compliance with the SOX, the Group's Internal Control and Internal Auditing areas annually 
assesses the effectiveness of the model of internal control over financial reporting on a group of risks (within 
the  perimeter of SOX  companies) that could affect the drawing  up  of financial statements at  local and 
consolidated levels. This perimeter incorporates risks and controls in Finance and other specialisms that are 
not directly financial (technology, risks, operational processes, human resources, procurement, legal, etc.).  
The results of this assessment are reported annually to the Audit Committee. 

F.5.2. Whether there is a  discussion procedure via which the auditor (in line with the auditing technical 
standards), the internal audit  function and  other experts can inform senior management and  the  audit 
committee or the entity's directors of significant weaknesses in the internal control encountered during the 
review processes for the annual financial statements or any others within their remit. Also provide information 
on whether there is an action plan to try to correct or mitigate the weaknesses observed.  

As described in section F.5.1 above, the Group has a procedure in place whereby the internal auditor and the 
heads of Internal Financial Control report to the Audit Committee any significant internal control weaknesses 
detected in the course of their work. Any significant or material weaknesses, if present, will likewise be reported. 
Similarly, there is a procedure whereby the external auditor reports to the Audit Committee the result of their 
work assessing the system for internal control over financial information. 

Since BBVA is listed with the SEC, the BBVA Group's auditor annually issues its opinion on the effectiveness of 
the internal control over financial reporting contained in the Group's consolidated annual financial statements 
on 31 December each year, under PCAOB (Public Company Accounting Oversight Board) standards, with a 
view to filing the financial information with the SEC on Form 20-F. The latest report issued on the financial 
information for the 2018 financial year is available on www.sec.gov and www.bbva.com.  

All control weaknesses identified by the Internal Control, Internal Audit and external audit areas have an action 
plan for their resolution that is also presented to the Audit Committee.  

The  internal  control oversight carried  out  by  the  Audit  Committee, described in  the  Audit  Committee 
Regulations published on the Group website, www.bbva.com, includes the following activities:  

  Analyse, prior to their submission to the Board of Directors and in enough detail to guarantee their 
accuracy, reliability, sufficiency and clarity, the financial statements of the Bank and of its consolidated 
Group contained in the annual, six-monthly and quarterly reports, as well as in all other required financial 
information and related non-financial information. For this purpose, the Committee will have the support 
it needs from the Group's Senior Management especially that of the area responsible for accounting 
functions, and from the Company and Group auditor, as well as all the necessary information made 
available to it with the level of aggregation deemed appropriate.  

  Review the necessary consolidation perimeter, the correct application of accounting criteria, and all the  
relevant  changes relating  to  the  accounting principles used  and  the  presentation of the  financial 
statements.  

  Monitor the effectiveness of the Company's internal control as well as its risk management systems, in 
terms of the process of preparing and reporting financial information, including tax-related risks, and 
discuss with the auditor any significant weaknesses detected in the internal control system during the 
audit, without undermining its independence. For such purposes, and where appropriate, the Committee 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

214 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
may submit recommendations or proposals to the Board of Directors, along with the deadline for their 
follow-up.  

  Analyse and, where appropriate, approve the annual work plan for the Internal Audit area, as well as any 
other occasional or specific plans to be implemented as a result of regulatory changes or as required for 
organisation of the Group's business.  

  Be apprised of the audited units' degree of compliance with corrective measures previously recommended 
by the Internal Audit area and inform the Board of those cases that may involve a significant risk for the 
Group.  

The external auditor and the head of Internal Audit attend all regular meetings of the Audit Committee to report 
on and, where appropriate, find out about the matters discussed within their respective remits. 

F.6 Other relevant information 

F.7 External auditor report 

Report on: 

F.7.1. Whether the ICFR information disclosed to the markets has been submitted by the external auditor for 
review, in which case the entity must attach the corresponding report as an annex. Otherwise, explain the 
reasons why it was not.  

The information related to the BBVA Group's internal control over financial reporting described in this report is 
reviewed by the external auditor, which issues its opinion on the control system and on its effectiveness in 
relation to the accounts published at the close of each financial year. 

On 28 March 2019, the BBVA Group, as a private foreign issuer in the United States, filed the Annual Report 
(Form 20-F) for the financial year ending on 31 December 2018, which was published on the SEC website on 
that same date. 

In accordance with the requirements set out in Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Securities 
and Exchange Commission (SEC), the aforementioned Annual Report Form 20-F, included certification of the 
top executives in the Group with regard to the establishment, maintenance and assessment of the Group's 
system of internal control over financial reporting. The Form 20-F report also included the opinion of the 
external auditor regarding the effectiveness of the Company's internal control system over financial reporting 
at the close of the 2018 financial year. 

G   DEGREE OF COMPLIANCE WITH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE RECOMMENDATIONS  

Indicate the extent of the company's compliance with the recommendations of the Good Governance Code of 
Listed Companies. 

If any recommendations are not being followed or are only being followed in part, a detailed explanation of 
the reasons for this should be given so that shareholders, investors and the market in general have sufficient 
information to assess the actions of the company. General explanations will not be acceptable. 

1. The bylaws of listed companies should not place an upper limit on the votes that can be cast by a single 
shareholder, or impose other obstacles to the takeover of the company by means of share purchases on the 
market. 

COMPLIANT    

2. When a parent and subsidiary company are both listed, they should provide detailed disclosure on:  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

215 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a) The activity they engage in and any business dealings between them, as well as between the listed 
subsidiary and other group companies. 

b) The mechanisms in place to resolve possible conflicts of interest. 

NOT APPLICABLE 

3.  During  the  annual  general  meeting the  chairman  of the  Board  of Directors should verbally inform 
shareholders in  sufficient detail  of the  most relevant  aspects of the  company's corporate governance, 
supplementing the written information circulated in the annual corporate governance report. In particular: 

a) Changes that have taken place since the previous annual general meeting. 

b)  The  specific  reasons  for  the  company  not  following  a  given  Corporate  Governance  Code 
recommendation, and any alternative procedures followed in its stead. 

COMPLIANT    

4. The company should draw up and implement a policy of communication and contacts with shareholders, 
institutional investors and proxy advisors that complies in full with market abuse regulations and accords 
equitable treatment to shareholders in the same position. 

This policy should be disclosed on the company's website, complete with details of how it has been put into 
practice and the identities of the relevant interlocutors or those charged with its implementation.  

COMPLIANT    

5. The Board of Directors should not make a proposal to the general meeting for the delegation of powers to 
issue shares or convertible securities without pre-emptive subscription rights for an amount exceeding 20% of 
capital at the time of such delegation. 

When a  Board of Directors approves the issuance of shares or convertible securities without pre -emptive 
subscription rights, the company should immediately post a report on its website explaining the exclusion as 
envisaged in company legislation.  

PARTIALLY COMPLIANT  

The General Shareholders' Meeting held on 17 March 2017 delegated to the Board of Directors a power to 
increase share capital and issue convertible securities, along with the power to wholly or partially exclude pre-
emptive subscription rights in respect of capital increases and issues of convertible securities carried out using 
such delegated power. The power to exclude pre-emptive subscription rights is limited, overall, to 20% of 
share capital as of the time of the delegation, except for the issuance of contingently convertible securities, the 
conversion of which is intended to meet regulatory solvency requirements as to eligibility as capital instruments 
in accordance with applicable regulations, since such instruments do not dilute the interests of shareholders. 

6. Listed companies that draft the reports listed below, whether under a legal obligation or voluntarily, should 
publish them on their website with sufficient time before the Ordinary General Meeting, even when their 
publication is not mandatory: 

a) Report on auditor independence. 

b) Reports on the operation of the audit committee and the appointments and remuneration committee.  
c) Audit committee report on related-party transactions. 

d) Report on corporate social responsibility policy. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

216 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. The company should broadcast its general shareholders' meetings live on its website. 

COMPLIANT    

COMPLIANT    

8. The audit committee should ensure that the Board of Directors can present the company's accounts to the 
general shareholders' meeting without limitations or qualifications  in the auditor's report. In the exceptional 
case that qualifications exist, both the chair of the audit committee and the auditors should give a clear account 
to shareholders of the scope and content of such limitations or qualifications.  

COMPLIANT    

9. The company should disclose its conditions and procedures for admitting share ownership, the right to 
attend the general shareholders' meeting and the exercise or delegation of voting rights, and display them 
permanently on its website. 

Such conditions and procedures should encourage shareholders to attend and exercise their rights and be 
applied in a non-discriminatory manner. 

COMPLIANT    

10. When an accredited shareholder exercises the right to supplement the agenda or submit new proposals 
prior to the general shareholders' meeting, the company should: 

a) Immediately circulate the supplementary items and new proposals. 

b) Disclose the attendance card template and proxy appointment or remote voting form, duly modified so 
that new agenda items and alternative proposals can be voted on in the same terms as those submitted 
by the Board of Directors. 

c) Put all these items or alternative proposals to the vote applying the same voting rules as for those 
submitted by the Board of Directors, with particular regard  to presumptions or deductions about the 
direction of votes. 

d) After the general shareholders' meeting, disclose the breakdown of votes on such supplementary items 
or alternative proposals. 

NOT APPLICABLE 

11. In the event that a company plans to pay for attendance at the general shareholders' meeting, it should 
first establish a general, long-term policy in this respect. 

NOT APPLICABLE 

12. The Board of Directors should perform its duties with unity of purpose and independent judgement, 
according the same treatment to all shareholders in the same position. It should be guided by corporate 
interest, understood as the creation of a profitable business that promotes its sustainable success over time, 
while maximising its economic value. 

In pursuing the corporate interest, it should not only abide by laws and regulations and conduct itself according 
to principles of good faith, ethics and respect for commonly accepted customs and good practices, but also 
strive to reconcile its own interests with the legitimate interests of its employees, suppliers, clients and other 
stakeholders, as well as with the impact of its activities on the broader community and the natural environment. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

217 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. The Board of Directors should have an optimal size to promote its efficient functioning and maximise 
participation. The recommended range is accordingly between five and fifteen members.  

COMPLIANT    

COMPLIANT    

14. The Board of Directors should approve a director selection policy that:  

a) Is concrete and verifiable; 

b) Ensures that appointment or re-appointment proposals are based on a prior analysis of the needs of the 
Board of Directors; and 

c) Favours a diversity of knowledge, experience and gender. 

The results of the prior analysis of the needs of the Board of Directors should be contained in the supporting 
report from the Appointments Committee published upon the calling of the General Shareholders' Meeting at 
which the appointment or re-appointment of each director is to be submitted for ratificati on. 

The director selection policy should pursue the goal of having at least 30% of total board places occupied by 
women directors by 2020. 

The appointments committee should run an annual check on compliance with the director selection policy and 
set out its findings in the annual corporate governance report. 

COMPLIANT    

15. Proprietary and independent directors should constitute an ample majority on the Board of Directors, while 
the number of executive directors should be the minimum practical bearing in mind the complexity of the 
corporate group and the ownership interests they control. 
COMPLIANT    

16. The percentage of proprietary directors out of all non-executive directors should be no greater than the 
proportion between the  ownership stake of  the shareholders they represent and  the remainder  of the 
company's capital. 

This criterion can be relaxed: 

a)  In  large  cap  companies where  few  or  no  equity stakes  attain  the  legal  threshold for  significant 
shareholdings. 
b) In companies with a plurality of shareholders represented on the Board of Directors but not otherwise 
related. 

17. Independent directors should be at least half of all board members. 

COMPLIANT    

However, when the company does not have a large market capitalisation, or when a large cap company has 
shareholders individually or concertedly controlling over 30% of capital, independent directors should occupy, 
at least, a third of board places. 

COMPLIANT    

18. Companies should disclose the following director particulars on their websites and keep them up to date: 

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original  will  prevail. 

218 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
a) Background and professional experience. 

b) Directorships held in other companies, listed or otherwise, and other paid activities they engage in, of 
whatever nature. 

c) Statement of the director class to which they belong, in the case of proprietary directors indicating the 
shareholder they represent or have links with. 

d) Date of their first appointment as a board member and subsequent re -appointments. 

e) Shares held in the company, and any options on the same. 

COMPLIANT    

19. Following verification by the appointments committee, the annual corporate governance report should 
disclose the reasons for the appointment of proprietary directors at the request of shareholders controlling less 
than 3% of capital, and explain any rejection of a formal request for a board place from shareholders whose 
equity stake is equal to or greater than that of others at whose request proprietary directors were appointed.  
NOT APPLICABLE 

20. Proprietary directors should resign when the shareholders they represent dispose of their ownership 
interest in its entirety. If such shareholders reduce their stakes, thereby losing some of their entitlement to 
proprietary directors, the latter's number should be reduced accordingly. 

NOT APPLICABLE 

21. The Board of Directors should not propose the removal of independent directors before the expiry of their 
tenure as mandated by the bylaws, except where they find just cause, based on a report from the appointments 
committee. In particular, just cause will be presumed when directors take up new posts or responsibilities that 
prevent them allocating sufficient time to the work of a board member, or are in breach of their fiduciary duties 
or come under one of the disqualifying grounds for classification as independent enumerated in the applicable 
legislation. 

The removal of independent directors may also be proposed when a takeover bid, merger or similar corporate 
transaction alters the company's capital structure, provided the changes in board members hip ensue from the 
proportionality criterion set out in recommendation 16.  

COMPLIANT    

22. Companies should establish rules obliging directors to disclose any circumstance that might harm  the 
company's name or reputation, tendering their resignation as the case may be, and, in particular, to inform 
the Board of Directors of any criminal charges brought against them and any subsequent legal proceedings.  

The moment a director is indicted or tried for any of the offences stated in company legislation, the  Board of 
Directors should open an investigation and, in light of the particular circumstances, decide whether or not he 
or she should be called on to resign. The Board of Directors should give a reasoned account of all such 
determinations in the annual corporate governance report. 

COMPLIANT    

23. Directors should express their clear opposition when they feel a proposal submitted to the Board of 
Directors might damage the corporate interest. In particular, independents and other directors not subject to 
potential conflicts of interest should  strenuously challenge any decision that could harm  the interests of 
shareholders lacking board representation. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

219 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
When the Board of Directors makes material or repeated decisions about which a director has expressed 
serious reservations, then he or she must draw the pertinent conclusions. Directors resigning for such causes 
should set out their reasons in the letter referred to in the next recommendation.  

The terms of this recommendation also apply to the secretary of the Board of Directors, even if he or she is 
not a director. 

COMPLIANT    
24. Directors who give up their place before their tenure expires, through resignation or otherwise, should 
state their reasons in a  letter to be sent to all members of the Board of  Directors. Whether or not such 
resignation is disclosed as a material event, the motivating factors should be explained in the annual corporate 
governance report. 

COMPLIANT    

25. The appointments committee should ensure that non-executive directors have sufficient time available to 
fulfil their responsibilities effectively. 

The regulations of the Board of Directors should lay down the maximum number of company boards on which 
directors can serve. 

COMPLIANT    

26. The Board of Directors should meet with the necessary frequency to properly perform its functions, eight 
times a year at least, in accordance with a calendar and agendas set at the start of the financial year, to which 
each director may propose the addition of initially unscheduled items. 

COMPLIANT    

27. Director absences should be kept to a strict minimum and quantified in the annual corporate governance 
report. In the event of absence, directors should delegate their powers of representation with the appropriate 
instructions. 

COMPLIANT    

28. When directors or the secretary express concerns about some proposal or, in the case of directors, about 
the company's performance, and such concerns are not resolved at the meeting, they should be recorded in 
the minute book if the person expressing them so requests. 

COMPLIANT    

29. The company should provide suitable channels for directors to obtain the advice they need to carry out 
their duties, extending if necessary to external assistance at the company's expense.  

COMPLIANT    

30. Regardless of the knowledge directors must possess to carry out their duties, they should also be offered 
refresher programmes when circumstances so advise. 

COMPLIANT    

31. The agendas of board meetings should clearly indicate on which points the Board of Dire ctors must arrive 
at a decision, so that directors can study or gather together the information they need beforehand.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

220 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For reasons of urgency, the chairman may wish to present decisions or resolutions for board approval that 
were not on the meeting agenda. In such exceptional circumstances, their inclusion will require the express 
prior consent, duly minuted, of the majority of directors present. 

COMPLIANT    

32. Directors should be regularly informed of movements in share ownership and of the views of  major 
shareholders, investors and rating agencies on the company and its group. 

COMPLIANT    

33. The chairman, as the person charged with the efficient functioning of the Board of Directors, in addition 
to the functions assigned by law and the company's bylaws, should prepare and submit to the board a schedule 
of meeting dates and  agendas; organise and  co -ordinate regular  evaluations of the  board  and,  where 
appropriate, the company's chief executive officer; exercise leadership of the board and be accountable for its 
proper functioning; ensure that sufficient time is given to the discussion of strategic issues, and approve and 
review refresher courses for each director, when circumstances so advise. 

COMPLIANT    

34. When a Lead Director has been appointed, the bylaws or regulations of the Board of Directors should 
grant him or her the following powers over and above those conferred by law: chair the Board of Directors in 
the absence of the chairman and vice chairmen; give voice to the concerns of non-executive directors; maintain 
contacts with investors and shareholders to hear their views and develop a balanced understanding of their 
concerns, especially those to do with the company's corporate governance; and co -ordinate the chairman's 
succession plan. 

35. The secretary of the Board of Directors should strive to ensure that the board's actions and decisions are 
informed by the governance recommendations of the Good Governance Code of relevance to the company. 

COMPLIANT    

36. The full Board of Directors should conduct an annual evaluation, adopting, where necessary, an action 
plan to correct weaknesses detected in: 

COMPLIANT   

a) The quality and efficiency of the board's operation. 

b) The performance and membership of its committees. 

c) The diversity of board membership and competences. 

d) The performance of the Chairman of the Board of Directors and the company's chief executive.  

e) The performance and contribution of individual directors, with particular attention to the chairs of board 
committees. 

The evaluation of board committees should start from the reports they send the Board of Directors, while that 
of the board itself should start from the report of the appointments committee.  

Every three years, the Board of Directors should engage an external facilitator to aid in the evaluation process. 
This facilitator's independence should be verified by the appointments committee.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

221 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Any business dealings that the facilitator or members of its corporate group maintain with the company or 
members of its corporate group should be detailed in the annual corporate governance report.  

The process followed and areas evaluated should be detailed in the annual corporate governance report.  

COMPLIANT    

37. When an executive committee exists, its membership mix by director class should resemble that of the 
Board of Directors. The secretary of the board should also act as secretary to the executive committee.  

PARTIALLY COMPLIANT   

The current composition of BBVA’s Executive Committee was agreed by the Board of Directors at its meeting 
on 29 April 2019, and it was considered that it had the most suitable composition for the performance of its 
functions. 

Thus, in accordance with Article 30 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, which establishes that there 
should be a  majority of non-executive directors over executive directors, the Executive Committee, as of 
31 December 2019, partially reflects the participation of the different classes of director on the Board of 
Directors; the Chairman and Secretary of the Executive Committee hold the same positions on the Board of 
Directors, and it is composed of two executive directors and four non-executive directors, of whom one is an 
independent director and three are other external directors, resulting in a majority of non-executive directors 
in accordance with the Regulations of the Board of Directors. 

38. The Board of Directors should be kept fully informed of the matters discussed and decisions made by the 
executive committee, and all board members should receive a copy of the committee's minutes.  

COMPLIANT    

39. All members of the audit committee, particularly its chair, should be appointed with regard  to their 
knowledge and experience in accounting, auditing and risk management matters. A majority of committee 
places should be held by independent directors. 

COMPLIANT    

40. There should be a  unit  in charge of the  internal audit function, under the supervision of the Audit 
Committee, to monitor the effectiveness of reporting and internal control systems. This unit should report 
functionally to the board's non-executive chair or the chair of the audit committee. 

COMPLIANT    

41. The head of the unit handling the internal audit function should present an annual work plan to the audit 
committee, inform it directly of any incidents arising during its implementation and submit an activities report 
at the end of each financial year. 

COMPLIANT    

42. The audit committee should have the following functions over and above those legally assigned: 

1. With respect to internal control and reporting systems: 

a) Monitor the preparation and the integrity of the financial information prepared on the company and, 
where appropriate, the group, checking for compliance with legal provisions, the accurate demarcation of 
the consolidation perimeter, and the correct application of accounting principles.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

222 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
b)  Monitor the independence of the  unit handling the  internal audit  function; propose the selection, 
appointment, re-appointment and dismissal of the head of the internal audit service; propose the service's 
budget; approve its priorities and work plans, ensuring that it focuses primarily on the main risks the 
company is exposed to; receive regular report-backs on its activities; and verify that senior management is 
acting on the findings and recommendations of its reports. 

c) Establish and supervise a mechanism whereby staff can report, confidentially and, if appropriate and 
feasible, anonymously, any potentially significant irregularities that they detect within the company, in 
particular financial or accounting irregularities. 

2. With respect to the external auditor: 

a) Investigate the issues giving rise to the resignation of the external auditor, should this  come about. 

b) Ensure that the remuneration of the external auditor does not compromise its quality or independence. 

c) Ensure that the company notifies any change of external auditor to the CNMV as a material event, 
accompanied by a statement of any disagreements arising with the outgoing auditor and the reasons for 
the same. 

d) Ensure that the external auditor has a yearly meeting with the full Board of Directors to inform it of the 
work undertaken and developments in the company's risk and accounting positions. 

e) Ensure that the company and the external auditor adhere to current regulations on the provision of non-
audit services, limits on the concentration of the auditor's business and other requirements concerning 
auditor independence. 

PARTIALLY COMPLIANT 

With respect to the function set out in section 1.c) of this recommendation, the Audit Committee established 
and supervised the mechanism to which this recommendation refers until April 2019, from which time this 
function was assigned to the Risk and Compliance Committee, which is set up to assist the Board of Directors 
in overseeing the Compliance function and promoting a risk and compliance culture in the Group. This Risk 
and Compliance Committee is composed exclusively of non-executive directors, the majority of whom are 
independent directors, including the Chair.  

This function is therefore included in Article 5.18 of the Regulations of the Risk and Compliance Committee, 
whereby this Committee has the  function of "reviewing and supervising  the  systems  under  which Group 
professionals may confidentially report any irregularities in the field of financial information or other matters". 

The  foregoing is  without  prejudice to  the  fact  that,  should the  communications referred  to  in  this 
recommendation occur, they are also transferred to the Audit Committee for analysis and supervision, in 
accordance with the provisions of Article 31.10 of the Regulations of the Board of Directors, which sets out 
the coordination system between the Board committees so that they can better carry out their functions.  

43. The audit committee should be empowered to meet with any company employee or manager, even 
ordering their appearance without the presence of another manager. 

COMPLIANT    

44. The audit committee should be informed of any structural or corporate changes the company is planning, 
so the committee can analyse the operation and report to the Board of Directors beforehand on its economic 
conditions and accounting impact and, in particular and when applicable, the exchange ratio proposed.  

COMPLIANT    

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

223 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
45. Risk control and management policy should identify at least: 

a) The different types of financial and non-financial risk the company is exposed to (including operational, 
technological, legal, social, environmental, political and reputational risks), with the inclusion under financial 
or economic risks of contingent liabilities and other off -balance-sheet risks. 

b) The determination of the risk level the company sees as ac ceptable. 

c) The measures in place to mitigate the impact of identified risk events should they occur.  

d) The internal control and reporting systems to be used to control and manage the above risks, including 
contingent liabilities and off-balance-sheet risks. 

COMPLIANT    

46. Companies should establish an internal risk control and management function in the charge of one of the 
company's internal departments or units and under the direct supervision of the audit committee or some 
other dedicated board committee. This function should be expressly charged with the following responsibilities: 

a) Ensure that risk control and management systems are functioning correctly and, specifically, that major 
risks the company is exposed to are correctly identified, managed and quantified. 

b) Participate actively in the preparation of risk strategies and in key decisions about their management.  

c) Ensure that risk control and management systems are mitigating risks effectively in the frame of the 
policy drawn up by the Board of Directors. 

COMPLIANT    

47. Appointees to the appointments and remunerations committee – or to the appointments committee and 
the remunerations committee, if separately constituted – should have the right balance of knowledge, skills 
and  experience for the  functions they are  called on to discharge. The majority of members should be 
independent directors. 

COMPLIANT    

48. Large cap companies should operate separately constituted appointments and remunerations committees. 

COMPLIANT    

49. The  appointments committee should consult with the  Chairman  of the Board of Directors and  the 
company's chief executive, especially on matters relating to executive directors.  

When there are vacancies on the board, any of the directors may approach the appointments committee to 
propose candidates that they might consider suitable. 

COMPLIANT    

50. The remunerations committee should operate independently and have the following functions in addition 
to those assigned by law: 

a) Propose to the Board of Directors the basic contractual conditions for senior managers. 

b) Monitor compliance with the remuneration policy set by the company. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

224 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
c) Periodically review the remuneration policy for directors and senior managers, including share -based 
remuneration systems and their application, and ensure that their individual remuneration is proportionate 
to the amounts paid to other directors and senior managers in the company. 

d) Ensure that potential conflicts of interest do not undermine the independence of any external advice the 
committee engages. 

e)  Verify the  information on  directors' and  senior  managers'  remuneration contained in  corporate 
documents, including the annual report on the remuneration of directors. 

COMPLIANT    

51. The remunerations committee should consult with the company's chairman and chief executive, especially 
on matters relating to executive directors and senior managers. 

COMPLIANT    

52. The terms of reference of supervision and control committees should be set out in the regulations of the 
Board of Directors and aligned with those governing legally mandatory board committees as specified in the 
preceding recommendations. They should include at least the following terms:  

a) Committees should be formed exclusively by non-executive directors, with a majority of independents. 

b) They should be chaired by independent directors. 

c) The Board of Directors should appoint the members of such committees with regard to the knowledge, 
skills and experience of its directors and each committee's tasks; discuss their proposals and reports; and 
provide report-backs on their activities and work at  the first board plenary following each committee 
meeting. 

d) They may engage external advice, when they feel it necessary for the discharge of their f unctions. 

e) Meeting proceedings should be minuted and a copy made available to all board members.  

COMPLIANT    

53. The task of supervising compliance with corporate governance rules, internal codes of conduct and 
corporate social responsibility policy should be assigned to one board committee or split between several, 
which  could be  the  audit  committee, the  appointments committee, the  corporate social responsibility 
committee, where one exists, or a dedicated committee established ad hoc by the Board of  Directors under 
its powers of self-organisation, with at the least the following functions: 

a) Monitor compliance with the company's internal codes of conduct and corporate governance rules.  

b) Oversee the strategy for communication and relations with shareholders and investors, including small 
and medium-sized shareholders. 

c) Periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the company's corporate governance system, to confirm that it 
is fulfilling its mission to promote the corporate interest and catering, as appropriate, to the legitimate 
interests of remaining stakeholders. 

d) Review the company's corporate social responsibility policy, ensuring that it is geared to value creation. 

e) Monitor corporate social responsibility strategy and practices and assess compliance in their respect. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

225 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
f) Monitor and evaluate the company's interaction with its stakeholder groups. 

g)  Evaluate  all  aspects of  the  non-financial risks  the  company is  exposed  to, including operational, 
technological, legal, social, environmental, political and reputational risks. 

h) Coordinate non-financial and diversity reporting processes in accordance with applicable legislation and 
international benchmarks. 

COMPLIANT    

54. The corporate social responsibility policy should state the principles or commitments the company will 
voluntarily adhere to in its dealings with stakeholder groups, specifying at least:  

a) The goals of its corporate social responsibility policy and the support instruments to be deployed.  

b) The corporate strategy with regard to sustainability, the environment and social issues. 

c) Concrete practices in matters relative to: shareholders, employees, clients, suppliers, social issues, the 
environment, diversity, fiscal responsibility, respect for human rights and the prevention of illegal conducts. 

d) The methods or systems for monitoring the results of the practices referred to above, related risks and 
their management. 

e) The mechanisms for supervising non-financial risk, ethics and business conduct. 

f) Channels for stakeholder communication, participation and dialogue.  

g) Responsible communication practices that prevent the manipulation of information and protect the 
company's honour and integrity. 

COMPLIANT    

55. The company should report on corporate social responsibility developments in its management report or 
in a separate document, using an internationally accepted methodology. 

COMPLIANT    

56. Director remuneration should be sufficient to attract and  retain individuals with the desired profile and 
compensate the commitment, abilities and  responsibility that  the post demands, but  not so high  as  to 
compromise the independent judgement of non-executive directors. 

COMPLIANT    

57. Variable remuneration linked to the company's and the direc tor's performance, the award of shares, options 
or any other right to acquire shares or to be remunerated on the basis of share price movements, and 
membership of long-term savings schemes such as pension and retirement plans and other social pension 
systems should be confined to executive directors. 

The company may consider the share-based remuneration of non-executive directors provided they retain 
such shares until the end of their mandate. The above condition will not apply to any shares that the director 
must dispose of to defray costs related to their acquisition. 

COMPLIANT    

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

226 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
58. In the case of variable remuneration, remuneration policies should include limits and technical safeguards 
to ensure such remuneration reflects the professional performance of the beneficiaries and not simply the 
general progress of the markets or the company's sector, or circumstances of that kind.  

In particular, variable remuneration items should meet the following conditions:  

a) Be subject to predetermined and measurable performance criteria that factor the risk assumed to obtain 
a given outcome. 

b) Promote the sustainability of the company and include non-financial criteria that are sufficient for long-
term value creation, such as compliance with the company's internal rules and procedures and its risk 
control and management policies. 

c) Be focused on achieving a balance between the delivery of short, medium and long-term objectives, 
such that  performance-related pay  rewards  ongoing achievement, maintained o ver sufficient time to 
appreciate its contribution to long-term value creation. This will ensure that performance measurement is 
not based solely on one-off, occasional or extraordinary events. 

59. A major part of variable remuneration components should be deferred for a long enough period to ensure 
that predetermined performance criteria have effectively been met. 

COMPLIANT    

COMPLIANT    

60. Remuneration linked to company earnings should take into account any qualifications stated in the external 
auditor's report that reduce the amount of such earnings. 

61. A major part of executive directors' variable remuneration should be linked to the award of shares or 
financial instruments whose value is linked to the share price. 

COMPLIANT    

COMPLIANT    

62. Following the award  of shares, share options or other rights on shares derived from the remuneration 
system, directors should not be allowed to transfer a number of shares equivalent to twice their annual fixed 
remuneration, or to exercise the share options or other rights on shares for at least three years after their 
award. 

The above condition will not apply to any shares that the director must dispose of to defray costs related to 
their acquisition. 

COMPLIANT    

63.  Contractual arrangements  should include provisions that  permit  the  company to  reclaim variable 
components of remuneration when payment was out of step with the director's actual performance or based 
on data subsequently found to be misstated.  

COMPLIANT    

64. Termination payments should not exceed a fixed amount equivalent to two years of the director's total 
annual  remuneration and should not be  paid until the company confirms that the director has met the 
predetermined performance criteria. 

COMPLIANT    

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

227 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
H  OTHER INFORMATION OF INTEREST 

1. If there is any other aspect relevant to the corporate governance in the company or in the group entities 
that has not been addressed in the rest of the sections of this report, but is necessary to include to provide 
more comprehensive and well-grounded information on the corporate governance structure and practices in 
the entity or its group, give a brief description of them. 

2. This section may also include any other information, clarification or detail related to previous sections of the 
report if it is relevant and not reiterative. 

In particular, indicate whether the company is subject to corporate governance legislation from a country other 
than Spain and, if so, include the mandatory information to be provided, if different from that required by this 
report. 

3. The company may also indicate if it has voluntarily signed up to other international, industry -wide or any 
other codes of ethical principles or best practices. Where applicable, identify the code in question and the date 
of signing. In particular, indicate whether it has signed up to the Code of Good Tax Practices of 20 July 2010. 

The data in this report refers to the financial year ending 31 December 2019, except in those cases when 
another reference date is specifically stated.  

Further to section A.2, Norges Bank informed the CNMV on 3 February 2020, that it had a holding of 3.066% 
of BBVA's share capital.  

Further to section A.3, the percentage of direct voting rights held by non-executive directors through financial 
instruments corresponds to the number of "theoretical shares" accumulated as a result of the remuneration 
system with deferred delivery of shares approved by  resolution of the General Shareholders' Meeting.  In 
application of this resolution and in accordance with the BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy, the Board of 
Directors annually allocates a number of "theoretical shares" to each non-executive director, corresponding to 
20% of the annual cash remuneration received the previous financial year. These will be delivered, where 
applicable, after they leave their positions as directors for reasons other than serious dereliction of their duties. 
Details of the annual allocation carried out by the Board can be found in Notes 54 and 49 of the consolidated 
and individual annual financial statements for the 2019 financial year, respectively, regarding remuneration 
and other benefits received by the Board of Directors and members of the Bank's Senior Management.   

For executive directors, the percentage of direct voting rights through financial instruments corresponds to 
the number of shares received as part of Annual Variable Remuneration (AVR) for previous financial years, 
which was deferred and is to be paid as of the date of this report, provided that the conditions for such are 
met. Thus, this includes the percentage corresponding to the deferred 50% of the 2016 AVR, which will vest 
in 2020 if conditions are met; the deferred 60% of the 2017 AVR, which will vest with the following payment 
schedule: 60% in 2021, 20% in 2022 and the remaining 20% in 2023; and the deferred 60% of the 2018 
AVR, which will vest with the following payment schedule: 60% in 2022, 20% in 2023, and the remaining 
20% in 2024. The final amount of this remuneration is subject to the applicable multi-year performance 
indicators, which may reduce the deferred amount, or even forfeit it, but never increase it. The final amount 
is also subject to the malus and clawback clauses set out in the remuneration policy applicable in each financial 
year. 

Further to Section A.9, relating to income from treasury-share trading, Rule 21 of Circular 4/2017 and IAS 32, 
Paragraph 33, expressly prohibit the recognition, in the income statement, of gains or losses made through 
transactions carried out with its own capital instruments, including their issuance and redemption. Said profits 
and losses are directly booked against the company's net equity. The table of significant variations includes the 
date of entry of CNMV Model IV in the registries of that o rganism, model corresponding to the communications 
with treasury shares, and the reason for such communication. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

228 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Further to section A.12, there are no legal or statutory restrictions on the exercise of voting rights. Thus, in 
accordance with Article 31 of the Bylaws, each voting share will confer the right to one vote on the holder, 
whether present or represented at the General Shareholders' Meeting, regardless of its disbursement.  There 
are also no statutory restrictions on the acquisition or transfer of s hares in the Company's share capital.  

However, as for the legal restrictions on the acquisition or transfer of shares in the company's share capital, 
Spanish Act 10/2014, of 26 June, on the regulation, supervision and solvency of credit institutions  (“Act 
10/2014”) establishes that the direct or indirect acquisition of a significant holding (as defined in Article  16 of 
Act 10/2014) in a credit institution is subject to assessment by the Bank of Spain as set out in Articles  16 et 
seq.  of  Act  10/2014. Additionally, Article 25 of  Royal Decree 84/2015, implementing  Act  10/2014, 
establishes that the Bank of Spain shall evaluate proposals for acquisitions of significant shares and submit a 
proposal to the European Central Bank regarding whether to oppose this ac quisition or not. This same article 
establishes the criteria that should be considered during said evaluation and the applicable timelines.  

Further  to  Section C.1.5,  within  the  framework  of  the  continuous  Board  refreshment  process,  the 
Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee, in performing its functions, has in recent years put in 
place different selection processes for directors, aimed at identifying the most suitable candidates at all times, 
based on the needs of the corporate bodies, which favour diversity in experience, knowledge, skills and gender, 
as well as a level of independence of the Board.  

The Board of Directors therefore has a diverse composition, combining people with extensive financial and 
banking experience and knowledge with profiles that have experience and knowledge in various areas that are 
of interest to the Bank and its Group, such as auditing, legal and academic fields, multinational business, digital 
businesses and technology, both nationally and internationally. This enables the Board as a whole to have a 
suitable balance in  its composition and  suitable knowledge of the Bank's  and  the  Group's environment, 
activities, strategies and risks, contributing to a better performance of its functions. 

In the framework of the Board refreshment process, and taking into account the analysis of the structure, size 
and composition of the Board, the Committee has carried out in 2019 a selection process for Board members, 
based on the principles set in the Board Regulations and in the Selection Policy. As a result, the proposal of 
three new members (two of them as independent directors and one of them as external director), as well as 
the re-election of two directors (one as independent director and one as external director), will be submitted 
to the 2020 General Meeting.  

These new appointments, as well as the re-elections, if approved by the General Meeting, will contribute to 
achieve the targets established in the Selection Policy, which provides that the Board should have at least 50% 
of independent directors and that, in 2020, at least 30% of directors should be female directors. This would 
in turn increase the diversity in the Board in terms of knowledge, international  experience and nationality.  

Likewise, this also considers the composition of the different Board committees that assist the Board in the 
performance of its functions and which constitute a key element of BBVs Corporate Governance System. This 
also assesses that the corporate bodies have a suitable and diverse composition, combining individuals who 
have experience and knowledge of the Group, its businesses and the financial sector in general with others 
who have training, skills, knowledge and experience in other areas and sectors that enable the right balance 
to be attained in the composition of Corporate bodies to improve operation and performance of their functions.  

This allows the Board of Directors and its committees to have suitable compositions that are always adapted 
to their needs, so they can therefore perform their functions effectively.  

Also, in accordance with the provisions of Article 540 of the Corporate Enterprises Act, which stipulates that a 
brief description of the diversity policy, with regard to directors and to members of management, must be 
provided, BBVA has a selection and appointment policy for members of Senior Management. Said policy is 
designed to ensure that individuals in Senior Management positions at BBVA have the capacity to properly 
exercise the responsibilities conferred upon them. Thus, members of BBVA Senior Management must have 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

229 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
top-level academic and technical qualifications, professional skills—underpinned by their professional careers to 
date—applicable to the responsibilities associated with the role to be fulfilled, a recognised honourable business 
and professional reputation, and commitment to BBVA's values. 

Thus, pursuant to the provisions of this policy on the assessment of internal talent, performance is assessed 
in terms of the achievement of objectives, potential to assume greater responsibilities in the future, and 
individuals' professional capabilities and skills. These assessments may be supported by means of review 
sessions during which members of Senior Management analyse the profiles of certain employees and share 
their opinions on the achievements and strengths of each individual. Moreover, for the selection of external 
candidates for senior management positions, references and top-level executive search firms are used. The 
Talent & Culture area ensures that external candidates possess top-level academic and technical qualifications, 
that their professional careers to date adequately encompass the responsibilities associated with the roles to 
be fulfilled, that they have recognised business and professional reputations, and that, during their careers at 
other organisations, they have demonstrated a high level of alignment with BBVA's values. The candidates 
identified through the company's external selection process are considered alongside internal candidates, in 
order to select the individual that best fits the role to be fulfilled. 

Moreover, in accordance with the Regulations of the Board, the BBVA Board of Directors is responsible for 
appointing members of Senior Management based on a  proposal from the Appointments  and Corporate 
Governance Committee. Prior to the proposal and appointment of members of Senior Management, the Bank 
follows a selection process that is governed by the aforementioned principles and criteria, and that comprises 
the following stages: (i) review and analysis of the duties to be performed in the position, and the profiles of 
the candidates best suited to assume the position — this process ends with the preliminary selection of a 
candidate to assume the position; (ii) assessment by the Suitability Committee of the suitability of the proposed 
candidate, in accordance with the specific procedure established by the Bank in that regard; (iii) submission, if 
the  candidate is considered suitable, of the  proposed appointment to the  Appointments and  Corporate 
Governance Committee in order for the latter to prepare its report to the Board of Directors; and (iv) submission 
of the proposal to the Board of Directors for approval, with said proposal accompanied by the favourable report 
of the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee. 

The appointment of senior managers will be based on the proposal of the Group Executive Chairman for those 
who report thereto, and of the Chief Executive Officer, prior information to the Group Executive Chairman. On 
the other hand, the Board of Directors will be responsible for the appointment and dismissal of the head of the 
Internal Audit function, based on a proposal from the Audit Committee, and the Head of Regulation & Internal 
Control, on a  proposal from the  Risk and  Compliance  Committee, as well as  the determination of their 
objectives and assessment of their performance, on a proposal from the corresponding committee.   

Further to Section C.1.6, regarding the selection process carried out in 2019, it has fol lowed the criteria 
included in the Selection Policy, and it has thus favoured diversity of experience, knowledge, skills and gender; 
does not suffer from implicit biases that may involve any kind of discrimination; and has included women who 
could meet the professional profile. 

Therefore, as described in Section C.1.5 above, and as a result of the 2019 selection process for directors 
and  of the related proposals for appointment and re-election of directors submitted to the 2020 General 
Meeting, if approved, the 2020 target set in the Selection Policy would be achieved, regarding that the number 
of female directors represent, at least, 30% of the total Board members. 

Further to Section C.1.7, the aim of this selection process has been to identify the most adequate candidates 
at any given time, depending on the needs of the corporate bodies, the circumstances and changes that may 
take place in the Bank, its corporate bodies and its environment. The process favours diversity of experiences, 
knowledge, skills and gender, and has not been affected by implicit bias that may have entailed any kind of 
discrimination. Moreover, a firm specialised in the search of potential candidates has provided expert advice 
on the process, ensuring, therefore, the highest professionalism and independence in the process.  

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original  will  prevail. 

230 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Likewise, the process has taken into consideration the number and profile of directors whose term of offices 
(three  years)  ends  on  financial year  2020,  so  that  the  corresponding  proposals of  appointment  or 
reappointment may be submitted to the consideratio n of the next Annual General Shareholders’ Meeting.  

Thus, the Committee has analysed the different profiles preselected, has decided which candidates would, 
preliminarily, meet the Bank’s needs, and has been able to assess the training and professional career of each 
candidate, as well as their main professional and personal skills, their vision on the Bank and the Group and 
their disposition to join the Board of Directors.  

In view of all the above, the Committee has proceeded to submit its corresponding proposals and reports on 
the new directors’ appointments to the General Shareholders’ Meeting to be held in March 2020, as well as 
the ones regarding the reappointment of directors. 

Finally, as stated before in sections C.1.5 and C.1.6., should the General Shareholders’ Meeting to be held in 
March  2020  approve  the  corresponding appointment proposals  submitted to  its  consideration  as  a 
consequence of the directors’ selection process carried out in 2019, the objective established in the selection 
Policy that in 2020 the number of female directors represented should be, at least, 30% of the members of 
the Board of Directors, will be met. Likewise, the majority of independent directors would be reinforced, also 
taking into account the Selection Policy that states that the number of independent directors should be, at 
least, 50% of the total. 

Further to Section C.1.9, the different Board Committees with oversight and control functions also have certain 
duties delegated by the Board of Directors, which are set forth in their corresponding regulations, available on 
the Bank's website.   

Further to the information included in section C.1.13: 

The amount included in the item "Remuneration of the Board of Directors accrued during the financial year" 
corresponds, in accordance with the instructions of this Report, with the amount declared as total remuneration 
accrued according to Table C) "Summary of remunerations" of section 2.3 (Statistical Appendix) of BBVA's 
Annual Report on the Remuneration of Directors, whic h includes: fixed and in-kind remuneration of executive 
and  non-executive directors received in the 2019 financial year; the upfront part (40%) of 2019 Annual 
Variable Remuneration (AVR) for executive directors,  in cash and  monetised shares, to vest in  2020, if 
conditions are met; as well as the deferred part (50%) of 2016 AVR, in cash and in monetised shares, together 
with its corresponding update, to vest in 2020, if conditions are met.  

An individual breakdown of these amounts for each director can be found in Notes 54 and 49 of BBVA’s 
consolidated and individual annual financial statements for the 2019 financial year, respectively.  

For the purpose of calculating the cash value of the shares corresponding to the upfront part of 2019 AVR for 
the executive directors, the average closing price of the BBVA share for the trading sessions between 15 
December 2019 and 15 January 2020 inclusive, has been taken as reference, which, in accordance with the 
BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy, is the criterion used to determine the portion of the 2019 AVR payable 
in shares. This price stood at EUR 5.03 per share. Similarly, the same average price has been taken for the 
purpose of calculating the cash value of the shares corresponding to the deferred part  of 2016 AVR (i.e. 
EUR 5.03 per share). The price used to determine the initial number of shares of the deferred part of 2016 
AVR was, pursuant to the applicable policy, the closing price of the BBVA share for the trading sessions between 
15 December 2016 and 15 December 2017 inclusive (EUR 6.43 per share). 

With regard to the "Amount of entitlements accrued by current directors in regard to pensions" indicated in 
section C.1.13 of this Report, as at 31 December 2019, the Bank had undertaken pension commitments in 
favour of the Group Executive Chairman and the executive director Head of Global Economic & Public Affairs 
to cover contingencies of retirement, disability and death in accordance with the provisions of the Bylaws, the 
BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy and the directors' respective contracts with the Bank. In the case of the 
Chief Executive Officer, the Bank has not made retirement commitments, but has made commitments to cover 

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original  will  prevail. 

231 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
disability and death contingencies, in accordance with the BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy and its contract 
with the Bank.  

The main characteristics of the pension system are detailed in the BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy, and 
are, inter alia: they are defined contribution schemes; they do not provide for the possibility of receiving the 
retirement pension in advance; and 15% of the agreed contributions will be considered "discretionary pension 
benefits", in  accordance with  applicable regulations. These are  included in  Notes 54 and  49  of BBVA’s  
consolidated and individual annual financial statements for the 2019 financial year, respectively, which also 
include the amount of accrued entitlements by the Group Executive Chairman and the executive director Head 
of Global Economic & Public Affairs.  

The balance of the item "Provisions — Funds for pensions and similar obligations" on the Group's consolidated 
balance sheet at 31 December 2019 includes EUR 72 million as post-employment provision commitments 
maintained with former members of the Board of Directors. 

Further to the information included in section C.1.14: 

The  item "Total remuneration of Senior Management" includes the remuneration  of members of Senior 
Management (15 member as at 31 December 2019, excluding executive directors) includes: the fixed and in-
kind remuneration received in the 2019 financial year; the initial part of 2019 AVR, both in cash and monetised 
shares, to vest in 2020, if conditions are met; as well as the deferred part of 2016 AVR, in cash and in 
monetised shares, together with their corresponding update, to vest in 2020, if conditions are met. The cash 
value of the shares have been calculated at the same price as indicated for executive directors (i.e. EUR 5.03 
per share; see section C.1.13).  

The main characteristics of the pension systems for this group are: they are defined contribution schemes; 
they do not provide for the possibility of receiving the retirement pension in advance; and 15% of the agreed 
contributions will be considered "discretionary pension benefits", in accordance with applicable regulations.  

The above concepts are included in Notes 54 and 49 of BBVA’s consolidated and individual annual financial 
statements for the 2019 financial year, respectively. 

The balance of the item "Provisions — Funds for pensions and similar obligations" on the Group's consolidated 
balance sheet at 31 December 2019 includes EUR 278 million as post-employment provision commitments 
maintained with former members of the Bank's Senior Management. 

In addition, the positions as BBVA senior managers of Pello Xabier Belausteguigoitia Mateache and Joaquín 
Manuel Gortari Díez are pending registration in the Register of Senior Officers of the Bank of Spain, as at the 
date of this Report, pursuant to applicable regulations. 

Further to Section C.1.17, the assessment carried out by the Board of Directors regarding the quality and 
efficiency of the operation of the committees, based on reports submitted by their respective chairs, as well 
as the assessment of the Executive Committee, are described below: 

  The different committees have regularly reported the Board of Directors on the activities carried out and 
the resolutions adopted by each of the committees, in execution of their functions provided in their 
regulations, approved by the Board of Directors on 29 April 2019. This has ensured that all directors 
have a full understanding of the work being undertaken by the various Board committees.  

 

In addition to the above, at its meeting held on 27 November 2019, the Board received the report by 
the Chairman on the  activity carried out by the  Technology and Cybersecurity Committee in 2019 
regarding the various areas within its remit, such as the technology and cybersecurity strategy, the plans, 
policies and management of cybersecurity, or the monitoring and control of technological risks, among 
other matters. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

232 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  At its meeting held on 19 December 2019, the Board received the report by the Chair of the Risk and 
Compliance Committee on its activities throughout the 2019 financial year. The report detailed the tasks 
performed by the Committee in its ongoing monitoring and oversight of the risks faced by the Group and 
adequacy with approved strategies and policies, as well as the oversight of regulation, internal control 
and compliance.  

  At its meeting held on 30 January  2020, the Board received the report by the Chair  of the Audit 
Committee on the activities of the Committee during 2019. This included its role of overseeing the 
preparation of financial statements and the application of accounting criteria, the sufficient, adequate and 
effective operation of internal control systems in the preparation of financial information, or the planning, 
progress and depth of external auditor tasks, as well as Internal Audit.  

  At its meeting held on 30 January 2020, the Board received the report by the Chair of the Appointments 
and Corporate Governance Committee on the activities undertaken by the Committee throughout 2019 
in terms of its assigned duties, including its tasks relating to the appointment and re-election of directors, 
assessment of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer or the review 
of BBVA Corporate Governance System, among others. 

  At its meeting held on 30 January 2020, the Board received the report by the Chair of the Remunerations 
Committee on the activities undertaken by the Committee throughout 2019, reporting, among other 
matters, on the tasks performed by the Committee relating to the preparation and implementation of the 
proposed resolutions submitted to the Board regarding remuneration matters, particularly those relating 
to the remuneration of executive directors and Senior Management, Identified Staff and BBVA Group.  

  Finally, at its meeting held on 30 January 2020, the Board of Directors received the  report by the 
Chairman on the activity carried out by the Executive Committee during 2019, detailing, among other 
activities, the Committee's work in support of the Board of Directors in decision-making regarding strategy 
and finance, development or implementation of decisions taken by the Board in the areas of strategy, 
budgets or finance, oversight and monitoring of activity and results, strategic-prospective information, as 
well as selected projects, transactions and Group policies.  

All of which has been taken into consideration by the Board of Directors during the assessment process carried 
out in respect of the 2019 financial year described in the preceding paragraphs . 

Further to Section C.1.25, the Board of Directors resolved, at its meeting held on 29 April 2019, to appoint 
José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas as Deputy Chair of the Board of Directors, ceasing as Lead Director, position 
performed now by Juan Pi Llorens.  

With regard to Section C.1.27, since BBVA shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, it is subject to 
the supervision of the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) and, thus, to compliance with the Sarbanes 
Oxley Act and its implementing regulations, and for this reason each year the Group Executive Chairman, the 
Chief Executive Officer and the executive tasked with preparing the Accounts sign and submit the certifications 
described in sections 302 and 906 of this Act, related to the content of the Annual Financial Statements.  These 
certificates are contained in the annual registration statement (Form 20-F) which the Company files with this 
authority. 

Further to Section C.2.1, the following is a brief indication of what the regulations establish  regarding the 
composition and functions of each of the Board committees: 

  Audit Committee: The Regulations of the Audit Committee establish that it shall consist of a minimum 
of four independent directors. Committee members will be appointed by the Board of Directors, 
seeking to ensure that they possess the necessary dedication, skills and experience to carry out their 
roles. In any event, at least one member will be appointed taking into account their knowledge and 
experience in accounting, auditing or both. As a whole, the Committee members will possess relevant 
technical expertise in the financial sector. The Board will, from amongst its members, appoint the 

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original  will  prevail. 

233 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman of this Committee, who must be replaced every four years and may be re-elected one year 
after the end of their term of office. When the Chair cannot be present, meetings will be chaired by 
the longest-serving independent director on the Committee, and, where multiple directors have equal 
length of service, by the eldest. The Secretary of the Board of Directors or, on behalf thereof, the 
Deputy Secretary of the Board of Directors, will act as Secretary for the Committee.  

  Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee: The Regulations of the Appointments and 
Corporate Governance Committee establish that it shall consist of a minimum of three directors, all of 
them non-executive and most of them independent, as well as its Chair. Committee members will be 
appointed by the Board of Directors, seeking to ensure that they possess the necessary dedication, 
skills and experience to carry out their roles. The Board of Directors will appoint the Chair of the 
Committee from amongst its independent members. When the Chair cannot be present, meetings will 
be  chaired by  the longest-serving independent director on the Committee, and, where  multiple  
directors have equal length of service, by the eldest. The Secretary of the Board of Directors or, on 
behalf thereof, the Deputy Secretary of the Board of Directors, will act as Secretary for the Committee.  

  Remunerations Committee: The Regulations of the Remunerations Committee establishes that it must 
be comprised of a minimum of three non-executive directors and the majority, including the Chair, 
must be independent directors. Committee members will be appointed by the Board of Directors, 
seeking to ensure that they possess the necessary dedication, skills and experience to carry out their 
roles. The Board of Directors will appoint the Chair of the Committee from amongst its independent 
members. When the  Chair  cannot be  present, meetings will be  chaired by  the  longest-serving 
independent director on the Committee, and, where multiple directors have equal length of service, 
by the eldest. The Secretary of the Board of Directors or, on behalf thereof, the Deputy Secretary of 
the Board of Directors, will act as Secretary for the Committee.  

  Risk and Compliance Committee: The Regulations of the Risk and Compliance Committee establishes 
that it will consist of a minimum of three directors, appointed by the Board of Directors, who possess 
the appropriate knowledge, skills and experience to understand and control the Bank's risk strategy. 
All the members of the Committee must be non-executive directors, with its Chair and a majority of 
members being independent  directors. The Board will appoint the Chair  of the Committee from 
amongst its independent members. When the Chair cannot be present, meetings will be chaired by 
the longest-serving independent director on the Committee, and, where multiple directors have equal 
length of service, by the eldest. The Secretary of the Board of Directors or, on behalf thereof, the 
Deputy Secretary of the Board of Directors, will act as Secretary for the Committee.   

  Technology and Cybersecurity Committee: The Regulations of the Technology and Cybersecurity 
Committee establish that the Committee shall consist of a minimum of three directors, most of whom 
shall be non-executive directors. Committee members will be appointed by the Board of Directors, 
seeking to ensure that they possess the necessary dedication, skills and experience to carry out their 
roles. The Board will appoint the Chair of the Committee from amongst its members. When the Chair 
cannot be present, meetings will be chaired by the longest-serving director on the Committee, and, 
where multiple directors have equal length of service, by the eldest. The Secretary of the Board of 
Directors or, on behalf thereof, the Deputy Secretary of the Board of Directors, will act as Secretary 
for the Committee.  

  Executive Committee: Article 30 of the Regulations of the Board and the Regulations of the Executive 
Committee establishes that the Board of Directors may, in accordance with the Bylaws and with the 
favourable vote of two-thirds of its members, appoint an  Executive Committee, composed of a 
minimum of four directors appointed by the Board of Directors, ensuring that there is a majority of 
non-executive directors over executive directors. The Chairman of the Board of Directors will be an ex-
officio member of the Committee. The Secretary of the Board of Directors will hold the same position 
on the Committee. If absent, the Secretary will be replaced by the Deputy Secretary or the person 
appointed by the attendees of the relevant meeting. 

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original  will  prevail. 

234 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Also, as a follow-up to the most important activities of the Board Committees and their organisational and 
operational rules as set out in paragraph C.2.1: 

  Audit Committee: In terms of the most significant activities carried out by the Committee during the 
2019 financial year, it analysed and oversaw the process of preparing and presenting financial and 
non-financial information related to the Bank as well as its consolidated Group from the annual, half-
yearly and quarterly reports, in order to determine its accuracy, reliability, adequacy and clarity, prior 
to its submission to the Board. To this end, it focused particularly on the accounting policies and criteria 
used, and on any changes that may have been made to them (for example, those resulting from the 
entry into force of IFRS 16 and IAS 12). 

In particular, prior to their approval by the Board, the Committee oversaw the preparation of the 
individual and  consolidated annual financial statements for the financial year, the  half -yearly and 
quarterly financial statements, as well as other relevant financial information, including the CNMV  
Registration Document, US SEC Form 20-F, and the Prudential Relevance Report, among others. 

In  addition, within  the  financial information  oversight process, the  Committee  supervised the 
adequacy, appropriateness and  effective  operation of  the  internal co ntrol systems used  in  the 
preparation of financial information, including the tax systems, along with both internal reports and 
those of the external auditor on the effectiveness of the internal financial control.  

With regards to activities related to the external auditor, the Committee has maintained appropriate 
relationships with the heads of the external auditor, during each of the monthly meetings it has held, 
in order to ascertain the planning, status and progress of the work in connection with the audit of the 
Bank and Group’s annual financial statements, of the interim financial statements, and of other financial 
information subject to review during the account auditing. It has also received and analysed the opinion 
reports and communications from the auditor required by account auditing legislation, among which: 
the work carried out on the Group's financial information, the external auditor's additional report for 
the Audit Committee, and the confirmations of its independence with regards to the Bank and other 
companies within its group. 

Similarly, in relation to the independence of the external auditor, the Committee has ensured that 
internal  procedures  are  implemented  to  safeguard  against  situations  that  may  give  rise  to 
independence conflicts. It  has also verified declarations made by the external auditor concerning 
confirmation of its independence with regard to BBVA and its Group, and issued the corresponding 
reports in accordance with applicable legislation. 

Also, since the 3-year  period for  which  KPMG  had  been  appointed auditor for  BBVA and  its 
Consolidated Group at  the General Meeting ended in  2019, the Audit Committee analysed and 
assessed the quality of the work performed by the auditor, submitting to the Board the proposal for 
its re-election as auditors for the Bank and its Group for 2020, which has been in turn submitted to 
the 2020 General Meeting. 

Likewise, the Audit  Committee  initiated a  tender  process for, where  appropriate, the  possible 
appointment of a  new  auditor from the  2021 financial year. Following the tender process, the 
Committee concluded that KPMG was the firm that could offer a high-quality service that was best 
suited to the current needs, and submitted to the Board its recommendation and preference for this 
auditing firm.  

With regards to Internal Audit tasks, the Committee approved the Annual Work Plan for Internal Audit 
for the financial year, overseeing the organisational measures set out in the Area for the performance 
of its functions; also approved the Strategic Plan that the Internal Audit area had drawn up for 2020-
2024; provided ongoing monitoring and supervised the Area's activities and reports, ascertained the 
results of its most relevant work, identified any weaknesses and opportunities for improvement; and 
considered the recommendations proposed by the Internal Audit as a result of its review work. In the 

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original  will  prevail. 

235 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
framework of the external assessment of the Internal Audit by an independent expert, the Committee 
oversaw the conclusions of the work carried out by the external expert in order to identify opportunities 
for improvement and best practices in the field. 

In relation to the Compliance Area in the period prior to the approval of the amendments to the 
Committee Regulations, by which the functions regarding compliance were transferred to the Risk and 
Compliance Committee, the Committee reviewed the Area's activity, including the monitoring the 
results of its reviews and the degree of progress in the implementation of planned measures; the 
Criminal Risk Prevention Model; the follow-up of issues related to MiFID regulations; it was made aware 
of the main communications and inspections carried out by the Group's main supervisors, whether 
national or foreign, in relation to matters within their remit, as well as all those issues that may have 
arisen in this area of the Group's activity. 

During the financial year, the Committee also reviewed the changes to the structure of the Group 
companies, provided ongoing monitoring of the main issues relating to the Group's t ax risks, and 
supervised the Group's tax management along with the results of the inspection processes carried out 
on the matter. 

Similarly, the Committee has been informed of major corporate transactions planned by the Group, 
monitoring the economic conditions and their main accounting impacts and issuing, prior to the 
decisions taken by the Board, the Committee's report on the transaction. 

Lastly, during  the Bank's  General Shareholders' Meeting held in  2019, the Committee informed 
shareholders of the main issues related to the matters within its remit, including overseeing the process 
of preparing the Bank and Group’s financial information, which had been provided to shareholders for 
their approval, the result of the account auditing and of the function that it had carried out in this 
matter, as well as the main issues related to the matters described in this section and other matters 
handled by the Committee.  

Other functions entrusted to the Audit Committee are: (i) to inform the General Shareholders' Meeting 
on the questions raised in relation to the matters that are within the remit of the Committee and, in 
particular, on the result of the audit, explaining how the audit has contributed to the integrity of the 
financial information and the function performed by the Committee in this process; (ii) to be apprised 
of the  reports, documents or  communications from external supervisory bodies relating to the 
Committee's functions; and make sure that the instructions, requirements and recommendations of 
the supervisory bodies are fulfilled properly and on time; and (iii) to report on all matters within its 
remit as provided for by law, the Bylaws and the Regulations of the Board of Directors prior to any 
decisions that  the Board of Directors may be  required to   adopt, and  in  particular on: financial 
information that the Company is required to publish; economic conditions and the accounting impact 
of relevant corporate transactions and structural modifications; the creation or acquisition of shares in 
special purpose vehicles or in entities domiciled in tax havens or territories considered to be tax havens; 
and related-party transactions.  

Regarding organisational and operational rules, the operational principles of the Audit Committee are 
indicated in its Regulations, which lay down the basic rules of its organisation and operation.  

In particular, the Audit Committee's Regulations stipulate that, inter alia, the Committee shall meet 
whenever it is called by its Chair, who is empowered to convene the Committee and to set the agenda 
for its meeting. The Regulations contain the procedure for the calling of ordinary and extraordinary 
meetings. 

Executives responsible for the areas that manage matters within the Committee’s remit may be called 
to meetings, in particular, Accounting and Internal Audit areas, and, at the request thereof, those 
persons within the Group who have knowledge of or responsibility for the matters covered by the 
agenda, when their presence at the meeting is deemed convenient. The Committee may also call any 

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original  will  prevail. 

236 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
other Group employee or manager, and even arrange for them to attend without the presence of any 
other manager. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it will seek to ensure that the presence of persons 
outside the Committee during these meetings, such as Bank managers and employees, be limited to 
those cases where it is necessary and to the items on the agenda for which they are called. 

The Committee may, through its Secretary, engage external advisory services for relevant issues when 
it considers that these cannot be provided by experts or technical staff within the Group on grounds 
of specialisation or independence.  

Other  aspects relating to its organisation and  operation will be  subject to the provisions of the 
Committee's Regulations. All matters not provided for in the aforementioned Regulations will adhere 
to the Regulations of the Board of Directors, insofar as they are applicable.  

  Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee: The Regulations of the Appointments and 
Corporate Governance Committee set out the operational principles of the Committee and lay down 
the basic rules of its organisation and operation. In particular, the Regulations of the Appointments 
and Corporate Governance Committee specifically provide that the Committee will meet whenever it 
is called to do so by its Chair, who is empowered to call the Committee and to set the agenda for its 
meetings. The Regulations also set out the procedure for calling ordinary and extraordinary meetings.  

Executives responsible for the  areas  that  manage  matters within  their remits may  be  called to 
meetings, as well as, at the request thereof, those persons within the Group who have knowledge of 
or responsibility for the matters covered by the agenda, when their presence at the meeting is deemed 
appropriate. The Committee may also call on any other Group employee or manager, and  even 
arrange for them to appear without the presence of any other manager, however, it will seek to ensure 
that that the presence of non-Committee members at its meetings is limited to those cases where it is 
necessary and to the items of the agenda for which they are called.  

The Committee may also, through its Secretary, engage external advisory services for relevant issues 
when it considers that these cannot be properly provided by experts or technical staff within the Group 
on grounds of specialisation or independence.  

Other  aspects relating to its organisation and  operation will be  subject to the provisions of the 
Committee's Regulations. All other matters not provided in the Committee's Regulations will be in 
accordance with the Regulations of the Board of Directors insofar as they are applicable  

With respect to the Appointments and Corporate Governance Committee's most significant activities 
during the 2019 financial year, in the performance of their functions, the following were particularly 
noteworthy: the Committee's continuous analysis of the structure, size and composition of the Board 
of Directors, ensuring that they are suitable for the corporate bodies to best perform their duties; the 
analysis of the directors' compliance with the independence and suitability criteria and the absence of 
any conflicts of interest for the performance of their duties; the review performed on the Board's 
selection, appointment, rotation and diversity policy, which, together with the analysis of structure, 
size and composition, led to corresponding proposals and reports for the re-election and appointment 
of directors that in turn is to be submitted to the next General Shareholders' Meeting in March 2020. 
The committee also carried out an analysis of the assessment of the operation of the Board, the 
Executive Committee and the performance of the functions of the Chairman of the Board and the 
Chief Executive Officer, submitting their corresponding reports for consideration by the Board.   

In addition, within the framework of its duties relating to the Bank's Corporate Governance System, 
the Committee has carried out the quarterly monitoring and supervision of  the progress made in 
implementing the changes made to the Bank's Corporate Governance System during the financial 
year; as well as the result of the corporate governance roadshow, where meetings were held with the 
Bank's main institutional investors and proxy advisors over the last months of 2019.  

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237 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Finally, the  Committee analysed the  appointments and  removals of senior managers that  were 
proposed during the 2019 financial year, in compliance with the selection and appointment policy of 
the members of the Senior Management; and the Committee reviewed and verified the suitability of 
the proposed new senior managers, submitting their corresponding reports to the Board.  

  Remunerations Committee: The Regulations of the Remunerations Committee set out the operational 
principles of the Committee and lay down the basic rules of its organisation and operation. In particular, 
the  Regulations of  the  Remunerations Committee provide,  inter  alia,  that  the  Remunerations 
Committee will meet whenever it is called to do so by its Chair,  who is empowered to call the 
Committee and to set the agenda for its meetings. The Regulations also and set out the procedure for 
calling ordinary and extraordinary meetings.  

Executives responsible for the  areas  that  manage  matters within  their remits may  be  called to 
meetings, as well as, at the request thereof, those persons within the Group who have knowledge of 
or responsibility for the matters covered by the agenda, when their presence at the meeting is deemed 
appropriate. The Committee may also call any other Group employee or manager, and even arrange 
for them to appear without the presence of any other manager. It will, however, seek to ensure that 
the presence of persons outside the Committee during its meetings be limited to those cases where it 
is necessary and to the items on the agenda for which they had been called.  

The Committee may also, through its Secretary, engage external advisory services for relevant issues 
when it considers that these cannot be properly provided by experts or technical staff within the Group 
on grounds of specialisation or independence. 

Other  aspects relating to its organisation and  operation will be  subject to the provisions of the 
Committee's Regulations. All other matters not provided for in the aforementioned Regulations will be 
subject to the Regulations of the Board of Directors, insofar as they are applicable.   

In regards to the most important activities carried out by the Remunerations Committee during the 
2019 financial year, the Committee has been focused on performing the functions assigned to it 
pursuant to Article 5 of the Remunerations Committee's Regulations, as well as in execution of the 
framework established in the BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy, approved by the General Meeting 
held in March 2019, and in the BBVA Group's Remuneration Policy approved by the Board of Directors 
in November 2017, which is generally applicable to all BBVA staff and which includes, in turn, the 
Remuneration Policy for the Identified Staff. 

Therefore, in the execution of its functions and of the remuneration policies mentioned, the Committee 
has analysed the following matters and, where appropriate, submitted the corresponding proposals to 
the Board for approval: 

Firstly, the  Remunerations Committee analysed the  approach for  updating  the  BBVA Directors’ 
Remuneration Policy approved by General Meeting held in 2017. This update included the new 
contractual conditions for the Group Executive Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer as a result of 
their  appointment in  December  2018,  as  well  as  certain  additional technical  improvements, 
maintaining in general terms, the  remuneration system established in the previous remuneration 
policy. 

Therefore, the Committee submitted to the Board of Directors the proposal to update the  BBVA 
Directors’ Remuneration Policy for the 2019, 2020 and 2021 financial years, along with the report 
on the Policy drawn up by the Committee and the proposal for the maximum number of shares to be 
issued to the executive directors in execution of such Policy, all of which was submitted to the General 
Meeting held on 15 March 2019.  

With regard to non-executive directors, the Committee analysed the remuneration of non-executive 
directors in view of the changes incorporated in BBVA Corporate Governance System, submitting to 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

238 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
the Board proposals for establishing remuneration associated with the roles of  Lead Director and 
Deputy Chair of the Board, and the revision of remuneration for the directors and chairs of the different 
Board committees, as a result of the redistribution of functions of certain committees as reflected in 
their corresponding regulations. 

With regard to executive directors, the Committee submitted to the Board the proposals necessary 
for: determining the Annual Variable Remuneration (“AVR”) for the 2018 financial year; determining 
the amount of the deferred part of the AVR for the 2015 financial year, as well as the amount of its 
updating; the scales of achievement for assessing the multi-year performance indicators applicable to 
the deferred 2018 AVR and the reference group of the Total Shareholder Return indicator that forms 
part of these indicators; the conditions for payment of the initial part of the 2018 AVR and the deferred 
part of the 2015 AVR; the novation of the Chairman's contract and the approval of the Chief Executive 
Officer's contract to adapt them to their new functions and positions, determining their remuneration 
conditions; determining the annual and multi-year performance indicators for the calculation of the 
2019 AVR and their corresponding weightings; the objectives and achievement scales associated with 
the annual performance indicators for the 2019 AVR; and  the minimum thresholds of Attributable 
Profit and Capital Ratio established for the accrual of 2019 AVR. 

With regard to matters relating to Senior Management, the Committee has determined the basic 
contractual conditions applicable to the members of Senior Management appointed on 20 December 
2018 and throughout the 2019 financial year, as well as the salary review of certain members of 
Senior Management. The Committee has also monitored the 2018 AVR of the membe rs of Senior 
Management, as  well as  the  deferred part  of the 2015 AVR  of the senior managers  who  are 
beneficiaries of that remuneration, payment of which corresponded in 2019. Moreover, and as a result 
of the fact that the heads of Internal Audit and Regulation & Internal Control now have to report to the 
Board, the Committee has submitted to the Board the proposed objectives and annual performance 
indicators to calculate 2019 AVR  of the  head  of these functions, within the framework of the 
remuneration model applicable to Senior Management. 

In terms of matters relating to the Identified Staff, including Senior Management, the Committee has 
determined  that  the  multi-year  performance  indicators  used  to  calculate  the  annual  variable 
remuneration for 2019 and the scales of achievement used to calculate the deferred annual variable 
remuneration for 2018 should be the same as those established for executive directors.   

As regards its function of ensuring compliance with the remuneration policies established by the 
Company, the Committee has reviewed the implementation of the approved remuneration policies 
(i.e. BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy and the BBVA Group's Remuneration Policy, including the 
Remuneration Policy for the Identified Staff) and the procedure for identifying Staff, through the Internal 
Audit’s annual report, and has also received information on the result of the process for identifying the 
Identified Staff within the BBVA Group during the 2019 financial year. 

The Committee has also verified the information of remuneration of directors and senior managers 
contained in the financial statements and the Annual Report on the Remuneration of Directors for 
2018. 

Finally, the Committee has submitted the 2018 Annual Report on the Remuneration of Directors to 
the Board for its approval and subsequent submission to the General Shareholders' Meeting, and it 
has also proposed to the Board a resolution to increase the maximum variable remuneration level of 
up to 200% of the fixed component applicable to a specific number of members of the Identified Staff. 

  Risk and Compliance Committee:  

4.  Receive  monthly information from the Head of Regulation & Internal Control regarding the activities 
carried out by said area, as well as regarding any incidents that may arise, and verify that the Group's 
Senior Management takes into account the conclusions and recommendations of their reports.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

239 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Risk and Compliance Committee has received monthly information from the head of Regulation & 
Internal Control regarding the activity carried out by each of the units that comprise that area, without 
prejudice to the periodic report received directly by the Committee from the heads of Compliance, 
Non-Financial Risks and Internal Risk Control, all of which fall under the Regulation & Internal Control 
area.  

5.  Monitor the evolution of the Group’s risks and their degree of compatibility with established strategies 
and policies, and with the Group's Risk Appetite Framework, and oversee procedures, tools and risk 
measurement indicators established at Group level to obtain a global view of the Bank’s and the Group’s 
risks. Likewise, monitor compliance with prudential regulation and supervisory requirements regarding 
risks. Furthermore,  analyse, where  appropriate, the  measures  envisaged to  mitigate the impact of 
identified risks, should these materialise, to be adopted by the Executive Committee or the Board of 
Directors, as appropriate. 

Throughout financial year 2019, the Risk and Compliance Committee monitored the evolution of the 
different risks to which the Group is exposed —both financial (credit risk, structural risks, market risk, 
insurance risk, etc.) and non-financial (operational risks)—, all of it within the framework of the BBVA 
Group's General Risk Management and  Control  Model  and in accordance with the Risk Appetite 
Framework approved by the corporate bodies. 

To this effect, the Risk and Compliance Committee received and analysed information from the Risk 
and Regulation & Internal Control areas suitably frequently, and had the support of the Group's head 
of Global Risk Management, the head of Regulation & Internal Control, those in charge of each type 
of risk in the corporate field and the risk directors of the Group's main geographical areas; to which it 
should be added the direct interaction of the Committee with each of the speakers and the debates 
that may have arisen during its meetings. 

All of this afforded the Risk and Compliance Committee direct knowledge of the Group's risks, both 
globally and locally, allowing it to perform its duty of monitoring the evolution of the Group's risks, 
regardless of the type of risk, the geographical or business area in which it originates, and even the 
sector or portfolio to which it belongs. 

As part of this duty, the Risk and Compliance Committee also regularly monitored compliance with 
the metrics and limits established for financial year 2019, with the necessary detail and frequency to 
ensure adequate control of said indicators. To complete its control of the Risk Appetite Framework, 
the Committee received information about the key internal and  external variables that affect the 
compliance of the Risk Appetite Framework, even if they are not directly part of it. All of this prior to 
its follow-up by the other corporate bodies with risk functions. 

In addition to the foregoing, the Risk and Compliance Committee has received monthly information 
on the main credit risk operations approved by the committees of the Risk area in their respective 
areas of competency, as well as the Group's most significant cases of credit exposure. Each month, 
the  Risk  and  Compliance Committee also had  access  to information about the  qualitative risk 
operations authorised by the Risk area. 

6.  Analyse, within its remit, risks associated with projects that are considered strategic for the Group or 
with corporate  operations to  be  submitted to consideration  by  the  Board of  Directors  or,  where 
appropriate,  to  consideration  by  the  Executive  Committee  and,  where  necessary,  submit  the 
corresponding report.  

The Risk and Compliance Committee has analysed, in advance, the financial and non-financial risks of 
corporate operations submitted for c onsideration by the Executive Committee. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

240 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7.  Analyse, prior to their submission to the Board of Directors or to the Executive Committee those risk 

operations to be submitted to their consideration.  

During the 2019 financial year, no risk operations have been submitted for consideration by the Board 
of Directors or the Executive Committee, and therefore, the Risk and Compliance Committee has not 
had to perform this role in this financial year. 

8.  Examine whether the prices of the assets and liabilities offered to customers fully take into account the 
Bank's business model and risk strategy and, if not, submit a plan to the Board of Directors aimed at 
rectifying the situation.  

In 2019, the Committee received recurring information on the evolution of metrics and analysis in 
terms of profitability and capital, which evaluate the alignment of the resulting pricing in the financing 
and credit activity against the risk strategy and risk transfer in the Group. 

Additionally,  the  Committee  monitored  the  profitability of  portfolios  and  businesses  and  the 
performance of the  profitability indicators incorporated into the Risk Appetite Framework of the 
Company. All of this enabled the Committee to confirm that the prices of the assets and liabilities 
offered to customers were aligned with the Bank's business model and risk strategy. 

9.  Participate in the process of establishing the remuneration policy, ascertaining that it is compatible with 
an adequate and effective risk management strategy and that it does not offer incentives to assume 
risks that exceed the level tolerated by the Company.  

The Committee has been involved in establishing the multi-year performance indicators of the variable 
remuneration and the corresponding scales of achievement, analysing their alignment with sound, 
effective and prudent risk management. 

10. Verify that the  Company and  the  Group have  means, systems,  structures  and  resources  that are 
consistent with best practices that enable them to implement their risk management strategy, ensuring 
that  the  Bank's  risk  management  mechanisms  are  adequate  in  relation  thereto.  All  of  this,  in 
coordination with the remaining Board Committees, within their respective remits.  

The Committee was informed of the Risk area's structure, resources and incentive scheme as well as 
its means, systems and tools (including those in development stage), having verified that the Group 
has adequate resources in relation with its strategy. 

11. Report, prior to any decisions that may have to be made by the Board of Directors, on all matters 
within its remit as provided for in the law, the Bylaws, the Regulations of the Board of Directors and 
the Risk and Compliance Committee Regulations.  

The Risk and Compliance Committee participated in the review of the Group's Recovery Plan with a 
view to assessing its alignment with the Risk Appetite Framework approved by the Group, with the 
help of the Risk and Finance areas, inter alia, before its submission and, if appropriate, approval by 
the appropriate corporate bodies. 

The Committee also fulfilled this function to the extent and according to the specified herein for each 
of its functions. 

12. Ensure compliance with applicable national and international regulations on matters related to money 
laundering, conduct on the securities markets, data protection and the scope of Group activities with 
respect  to  competition, and  ensure  that  any  requests  for  action or  information made  by  official 
authorities on these matters are dealt with in due time and in an appropriate manner.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

241 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Be informed on any breach of the applicable internal or external regulations, as well as the relevant 
events that the areas reporting to the Committee may have identified within their oversight and control 
functions. Likewise, the Committee shall be informed on those issues related to legal risks which may 
arise in the course of Group’s activity.  

14. Examine  draft  codes  of  ethics  and  conduct  and  their  respective  modifications prepared  by  the 
corresponding area of the Group, and issue its opinion in advance of the proposals to be drawn up to 
the corporate bodies. 

Regarding the functions outlined in paragraphs 12, 13 and 14 above, the Committee has regularly 
reviewed the Compliance area's activity over the course of the financial year, overseeing the results of 
its examinations and the degree of progress in the implementation of planned measures in the different 
areas of action (e.g. conduct, markets, anti-money laundering); the monitoring of issues relating to 
MiFID regulations and bank transparency; the receipt of the corresponding independent expert reports 
on compliance, as well as all those issues that may have arisen from the Group's activities in the area 
of compliance. The Committee has also been kept informed of the Annual Plan of the Compliance 
function approved, regularly assessing its degree of progress and achievement. Furthermore, the 
Committee has received information on the main legal risks to which the Group is currently exposed 
and has reviewed the Entity's activity regarding personal data protection.  

15. Be  apprised  of  reports,  documents  or  communications  from  external  supervisory  bodies, 
notwithstanding any  communications made  with  the  remaining committees  with  regard  to  their 
respective remits, and verify that the instructions, requirements and recommendations received from 
the supervisory bodies in order to correct the irregularities, shortfalls or inadequacies identified in the 
inspections performed are fulfilled in due time and appropriate manner.  

The Committee was made aware of the major communications and inspections carried out by the 
Group's supervisory bodies, whether national or foreign, being informed, where appropriate, of the 
recommendations, weaknesses or areas of improvement identified, as well as the action plans and 
other measures established by the relevant executive areas in order to overcome them in time.  

16. Ensure the promotion of risk culture across the Group. 

During the  2019 financial year, the Risk and  Compliance Committee verified the progress and 
effectiveness of the various actions and initiatives drawn up by the Risk area to strengthen the risk 
culture in the Group, so as to enable employees to perform their functions in a secure environment, 
and to encourage the mitigation of risks to which their activities are exposed.  

17. Supervise the Group's criminal risk prevention model. 

The Committee has also been informed of the main points of the BBVA Group's Crime Prevention and 
Criminal Risk Management Model, as well as its development and the main work lines in this regard. 

18. Review  and  supervise  the systems  under  which Group professionals may confidentially report  any 

irregularities in financial information or other matters. 

The Committee has been informed by the head of the Compliance area —the unit responsible for 
promoting and ensuring, in an  independent and objective manner, that BBVA acts with integrity, 
particularly in areas such as anti-money laundering, conduct with clients, security market conduct, 
anti-corruption and other areas that might pose a risk to BBVA's reputation— of the functioning of the 
whistleblowing channel, as well as of the noteworthy aspects of the area. 

In terms of organisational and operation rules, the Regulations of the Risk and Compliance Committee set 
out the operational principles, which lay down the basic  rules of its organisation and functioning. 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

242 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In particular, the Risk and Compliance Committee's Regulations stipulate, inter alia, that the Committee shall 
meet whenever it is convened by its Chair, who is empowered to call the Committee meetings and to set  
their agenda. The Regulations contain the procedure for the calling of ordinary and extraordinary meetings.  

Executives responsible for the areas that manage matters within the Committee’s remits may be called to 
meetings, in particular the Regulation and Internal Control area and Risks area, and, at the request thereof, 
those persons within the Group who have knowledge of or responsibility for the matters covered by the 
agenda, when their presence at the meeting is deemed appropriate. The Committee may also call any 
other Bank employee or manager, and even arrange for them to attend without the presence of any other 
manager, while ensuring that the presence of persons outside the Committee during these meetings is 
limited to those cases where it is necessary and to the items of the agenda for which they are called. 

The Committee may also, through its Secretary, engage external advisory services for relevant issues when 
it considers that these cannot be provided by experts or technical staff within the Group on grounds of 
specialisation or independence. 

Other aspects relating to its organisation and operation will be subject to the provisions of the Committee's 
own Regulations. All other matters not provided for in the aforementioned Regulations will be subject to 
the Regulations of the Board of Directors, insofar as they are applicable .  

  The Technology and Cybersecurity Committee: Duties relating to the Technology Strategy are:  

–  Being informed, as appropriate, of the technology strategy and trends that may affect the Bank's 

strategic plans, including through monitoring general industry trends.  

–  Being informed, as appropriate, of the metrics established by the Group for management  and 
control in the technological area, including the Group's developments and investments in this area.  

–  Being informed, as appropriate, of issues related to new technologies, applications, information 
systems and best practices that may affect the Group's  technological plans or strategy.  

–  Being informed, as appropriate, of the main policies, strategic projects and plans defined by the 

Engineering Area.  

–  Reporting to the Board of Directors and, where appropriate, to the Executive Committee, on 

matters related to information technologies falling within its remit.  

To ensure compliance with these duties, the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee has performed 
the following duties:  

–  Technology strategy: The Committee has been informed by the Engineering area o f the Group's 
technology strategy, as well as of the status and evolution of the various projects, systems, tools 
and  developments integrated with  the  strategy, and  receives a  periodic  report on  the  key 
performance indicators (KPIs) in this regard. The Committee has also been informed of the number 
of employees and level of investment required to effectively implement this strategy.   

–  Development of new products and services: The Committee has been informed of the main 
projects that  the Engineering area,  to gether with the  Group's business areas  and  the  Client 
Solutions area, has implemented or is planning to implement in developing new products and 
digital services targeted at the Group's wholesale and retail customers.  

–  Trend information: The Committee has received information regarding the main technological 
trends in the industry, and even in other important sectors, especially with regard to trends that 
may affect the Bank's strategic plans.  

Regarding  the  procedures  and  organisational  and  operational  rules  of  the  Technology  and 
Cybersecurity Committee, the Committee's operational principles are indicated in its own Regulations, 
which lay down the basic rules of its organisation and operation.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

243 

 
 
 
 
 
 
In particular, the Technology and Cybersecurity Committee's Regulations stipulate that, inter alia, the 
Committee shall meet whenever it is called by its Chair, who is empowered to call the Committee and 
to set the agenda for its meeting. The Regulations contain the procedure for the calling of ordinary 
and extraordinary meetings. 

Executives responsible for the  areas  that  manage  matters within  their remits may  be  called to 
meetings, as well as, at the request thereof, those persons within the Group who have knowledge of 
or responsibility for the matters covered by the agenda, when their presence at the meeting is deemed 
appropriate. The Committee may also call on any other Group employee or manager, and  even 
arrange  for them to appear without the presence of any other manager, while ensuring that the 
presence of non-Committee members at its meetings is limited to those cases where it is necessary 
and to the items of the agenda for which they are called.  

The Committee may, through its Secretary, engage external advisory services for relevant issues when 
it considers that these cannot be properly provided by experts or technical staff within the Group on 
grounds of specialisation or independence. 

Other aspects of the organisation and operation of the Committee are included in the Regulations of 
the Committee. All other matters not provided for in the aforementioned Regulations will be subject 
to the Regulations of the Board of Directors, insofar as they are applicable.  

  Executive Committee: The main activities carried out by the Committee during the 2019 financial year 
included the monitoring of the monthly evolution of the Group and its business areas' activity and 
results, its crucial role in ensuring the integrity, coordination, consistency and coherence of the Group's 
strategic and prospective processes, such as the Strategic Plan, the Group's Risk Appetite Framework 
(RAF), the ICAAP, the ILAAP, the Budget and planning of liquidity and financing, taking into account 
aspects common to  all  processes, such  as  macroeconomic perspectives, the  regulatory  and 
supervisory framework and corporate operations, and driving the integration of the strategic bases 
established by the Board into all processes. 

Furthermore, the Committee has ensured the coherence and alignment of RAF with the strategy 
established by the Board of Directors and has reviewed and proposed the bases for the proposals 
upon which RAF has been drafted, which were submitted to the Board by the Risk and Compliance 
Committee.  

The role of the Committee has also been extended to supporting the Board in matters of finance by 
analysing and monitoring the drafting of the Capital Plan and the Liquidity and Funding Plan prior to 
its submission to the Board.  

The Committee also oversaw, monitored and controlled the Group's risk management, it monitored 
the evolution of the risk profile and metrics; the most significant aspects relating to changes in the 
macroeconomic environment and other factors that impacted the Group's management and activities 
over the course of the financial year; as well as any developments in BBVA share prices.  

It also analysed the corporate transactions within its remit, as well as other matters or projects arising 
from the day-to-day management of business and supervised and approved new corporate policies. 

Finally, the  Committee monitored the legislative and  regulatory developments affecting financial 
institutions, as well as the Group's authorisation to appoint administrators in subsidiaries or investee 
companies, and the granting of the powers vested in the Group. It also oversaw matters relating to 
corporate governance and the roadshow. However, the competences held by the Committee in this 
regard  were  transferred to  the  Appointments and  Corporate Governance Committee upon the 
approval of the amendments to the Committee Regulations, as outlined in this report.  

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

244 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
With respect to Section D (Related-party and Intragroup Transactions), see Notes 53 and 48 of the BBVA 
consolidated and individual Annual Financial Statements for the 2019 financial year, respectively. Section D.4 
details the transactions conducted by Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A., at the close of the financial year, 
with the company issuing securities on international markets, carried out as part of ordinary trading related to 
the management of outstanding issuances, guaranteed by BBVA. Moreover, with respect to Section D.4, 
please refer to the section entitled "Offshore financial centres" in the BBVA Consolidated Management Report 
for the 2019 financial year. 

Likewise, in relation with Section D.6, all members of the Board of Directors and BBVA Senior Management 
are subject to the provisions of the BBVA Code of Conduct and the Internal Standards of Conduct in the 
Securities Markets, which establish procedures and  measures to identify, prevent and  manage  potential 
conflicts of interest. In particular, the Internal Standards of Conduct in the Securities Markets establishes that 
all persons subject to them must notify the head of their area or the Compliance unit o f situations that could 
potentially and under  specific circumstances may entail conflicts of interest that might compromise their 
impartiality, before they engage in any transaction or conclude any business in the securities market in which 
such may arise. 

Furthermore, regarding Section D.7, BBVA has significant shareholdings in three listed companies that are 
neither subsidiaries nor part of the BBVA Group. As part of its ordinary trading, BBVA also has shareholdings 
in other listed companies, without this stake being significant nor these companies considered as subsidiaries 
that belong to the BBVA Group.  

With respect to Section E.3, and as regards preliminary proceedings 96/2017 — investigation piece number 9 
— for the services provided to the Bank  by Centro Exclusivo de Negocios y Transacciones, S.L. (Cenyt), it 
should be noted that, since January 2019, this issue has been periodically reported to the Bank's corporate 
bodies. This relates to both the Board committees within their remit (Audit Committee and Risk and Compliance 
Committee) as well as the Board of Directors as a whole. These bodies have driven and monitored internal 
investigation procedures, ensuring that the Bank fully cooperates with the authorities and develops a policy of 
transparency. 

In addition to the above, throughout the 2019 financial year, the Bank's management bodies have adopted 
several measures to reinforce the Bank's internal control systems, the key elements of which are described in 
the “Compliance System” section of the  Non-Financial Information report, included in  the  individual and 
consolidated Management Reports in which this Corporate Governance Report is included. This relates to: (i) 
the direct report of the heads of internal control and internal audit to the Board of Directors; (ii) approval of 
new  policies and  improvement in  processes related to outsourcing, procurement and  others; and  (iii) 
reinforcement of the criminal prevention model.  

It is also worth noting that the findings of the ongoing forensic investigation, which have been made available 
to the judicial authorities and  are  the basis of the legal investigation, indicate that neither the Executive 
Chairman of the Bank nor any of the current members of the Board of Directors are implicated, and it has not 
been proven that the Bank has committed any criminal activity. 

In this regard, in the testimony given before the judge and prosecutors at the request of Central Investigating 
Court No. 6 of the Spanish National High Court, the Bank pleaded that it bears no criminal responsibility. It 
must also be noted that the criminal responsibility of legal persons is only legally enforceable from 2010.  

It must also be stressed that to date the case has not impacted the Bank's business, nor has it negatively 
impacted the Bank's reputation indices, which are subject to recurrent monitoring by both the executive team 
and by its management bodies. 

BBVA has created a specific section on its corporate website with information on issues related to the Cenyt 
case (https://www.bbva.com/en/specials/the-cenyt-case/). 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

245 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Regarding adherence to codes of ethics or good practice, in 2011 BBVA’s Board of Directors approved the 
Bank's adhesion to the CBPT (Código de Buenas Prácticas Tributarias — Code of Good Tax Practices) approved 
by the Large Corporations Forum according to the wording proposed by the Spanish Tax Agency (AEAT). The 
Group meets the obligations assumed as a result of this adherence and, during 2019, voluntarily prepared 
and submitted to the Spanish Tax Agency the “Annual Fiscal Transparency Report” for companies adhering to 
the CBPT. In this regard, the BBVA Group is also adhered since 2013 to the Code of Practice on Taxation for 
Banks promoted by British tax authorities, and has also met its obligations. Furthermore, BBVA is committed 
to implementing the provisions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and is a member of all major 
international initiatives for sustainable development, such as the Principles of United Nations Global Compact, 
the  Equator  Principles, the  United  Nations Principles for  Responsible Investment, the  United  Nations 
Environment Programme Financial Initiative, the Green Bond Principles, the Social Bond Principles, the Green 
Loan Principles, the Thun Group of Banks on Human Rights CDP, the RE100 initiatives and the Science Based 
Targets, Grupo Español para el Crecimiento Verde (Spanish Green Growth Group) initiatives, as well as those 
of others conventions and treaties of international organisations such as the Organization for Economic Co-
operation and Development and the International Labour Organization. Also, in 2019 BBVA signed, as a 
founding signatory, the Principles for Responsible Banking and joined the Collective Commitment to Climate 
Action as part of this year's UN Secretary-General's Climate Action Summit. Moreover, BBVA is firmly committed 
to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, and, since 
2017, the Bank has been part of the pilot group of banks committed to implementing the recommendations 
regarding financing and climate change published in July by the Financial Stability Board of the G20 . 

This annual corporate governance report was approved by the company's Board of Directors on 10 February 
2020. 

List whether any directors voted against or abstained from voting on the approval of this report.  

NO 

This  English  version is a translation  of the original  in Spanish  for information  purposes  only. In case of a discrepancy,  the Spanish 
original  will  prevail. 

246 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.1 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Contents 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

Consolidated balance sheets ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4 

Consolidated income statements ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 

Consolidated statements of recognized income and expense ................................................................................................................... 8 

Consolidated statements of changes in equity ............................................................................................................................................ 9 

Consolidated statements of cash flows ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 

NOTES TO THE ACCOMPANYING CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1. 

2. 

3.

4. 

5. 

6.

7 

8.

9.

10. 

11. 

12. 

13. 

14. 

15. 

16. 

17. 

18. 

19. 

Introduction, basis for the presentation of the Consolidated Financial Statements, Internal Control over Financial  ....................... 
Reporting and other information ........................................................................................................................................................ 13 

Principles of consolidation, accounting policies and measurement bases applied and recent IFRS pronouncements ................ 16 

BBVA Group ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 39 

Shareholder remuneration system .................................................................................................................................................... 41 

Earnings per share .............................................................................................................................................................................. 43 

Operating segment reporting ............................................................................................................................................................. 43 

Risk management ............................................................................................................................................................................... 45 

Fair value of financial instruments ..................................................................................................................................................... 85 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits ................................................................................................. 95 

Financial assets and liabilities held for trading ..................................................................................................................................96 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss .................................................................................. 97 

Financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss ..................................................................................98 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income ...............................................................................................98 

Financial assets at amortized cost ................................................................................................................................................... 103 

Hedging derivatives and fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk ................................... 106 

Investments in joint ventures and associates .................................................................................................................................. 108 

Tangible assets ................................................................................................................................................................................. 109 

Intangible assets ................................................................................................................................................................................ 113 

Tax assets and liabilities .................................................................................................................................................................... 117 

20. 

Other assets and liabilities ................................................................................................................................................................. 121 

21. 

22. 

23. 

24. 

25. 

26. 

27. 

28. 

29. 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale ................................................................................................ 121 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost ............................................................................................................................................... 124 

Assets and liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts ................................................................................................. 130 

Provisions ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 131 

Post-employment and other employee benefit commitments ...................................................................................................... 132 

Common stock ................................................................................................................................................................................... 141 

Share premium ................................................................................................................................................................................. 142 

Retained earnings, revaluation reserves and other reserves ......................................................................................................... 142 

Treasury shares ................................................................................................................................................................................ 145 

30. 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ......................................................................................................................... 146 

P.2 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

31. 

32. 

33. 

34. 

35. 

36.

37. 

38.

39.

40. 

41. 

42. 

43. 

44. 

45. 

46. 

47. 

48. 

49. 

50. 

51. 

52. 

53. 

54. 

55. 

56. 

57. 

Non-controlling interest .................................................................................................................................................................... 146 

Capital base and capital management ............................................................................................................................................. 147 

Commitments and guarantees given ................................................................................................................................................ 151 

Other contingent assets and liabilities .............................................................................................................................................. 151 

Purchase and sale commitments and future payment obligations ................................................................................................ 152 

Transactions on behalf of third parties ............................................................................................................................................ 152 

Net interest income .......................................................................................................................................................................... 153 

Dividend income................................................................................................................................................................................ 153 

Share of profit or loss of entities accounted for using the equity method...................................................................................... 154 

Fee and commission income and expense ...................................................................................................................................... 154 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities, hedge accounting and exchange differences, net ............................................ 155 

Other operating income and expense .............................................................................................................................................. 156 

Income and expense from insurance and reinsurance contracts .................................................................................................. 157 

Administration costs ......................................................................................................................................................................... 158 

Depreciation and amortization .......................................................................................................................................................... 161 

Provisions or (reversal) of provisions ............................................................................................................................................... 161 

Impairment or (reversal) of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss or net ...................... 
 gains by modification ........................................................................................................................................................................ 161 

Impairment or (reversal) of impairment on non-financial assets .................................................................................................... 161 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of non financial assets and subsidiaries, net .............................................................................. 162 

Gain (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale not qualifying as discontinued operations .
 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 162 

Consolidated statements of cash flows ........................................................................................................................................... 163 

Accountant fees and services .......................................................................................................................................................... 164 

Related-party transactions ............................................................................................................................................................... 165 

Remuneration and other benefits to the Board of Directors and to the members of the Bank’s Senior Management ............... 167 

Other information.............................................................................................................................................................................. 174 

Subsequent events ........................................................................................................................................................................... 175 

Explanation added for translation into English ................................................................................................................................ 175 

P.3 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDICES 

APPENDIX I. Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group ................................................ 177 

APPENDIX II. Additional information on investments joint ventures and associates in the BBVA Group ................................................... 185 

APPENDIX III. Changes and notification of participations in the BBVA Group in 2019 ................................................................................. 186 

APPENDIX IV. Fully consolidated subsidiaries with more than 10% owned by non-Group shareholders as of December 31, 2019 ......... 189 

APPENDIX V. BBVA Group’s structured entities. Securitization funds ......................................................................................................... 190 

APPENDIX VI. Details of the outstanding subordinated debt and preferred securities issued by the Bank or entities in the Group 
consolidated as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 .................................................................................................................................. 191 

APPENDIX VII Consolidated balance sheets held in foreign currency as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. ...................................... 195 

APPENDIX VIII. Consolidated income statements for the first and second half of 2019 and 2018 .............................................................. 197 

APPENDIX IX. Financial Statements of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. ............................................................................................ 198 

APPENDIX X. Information on data derived from the special accounting registry and other information bonds........................................ 207 

APPENDIX XI.  Quantitative information on refinancing and restructuring operations and other requirement under Bank of Spain Circular 
 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 214 
6/2012 

APPENDIX XII. Additional information on risk concentration ........................................................................................................................225 

APPENDIX XIII. ....... Information in accordance with article 89 of Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and its application to 
Spanish Law through Law 10/2014 ................................................................................................................................................................ 237 

Glossary  .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 238 

 
P.4
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated balance sheets for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

ASSETS (Millions of Euros) 

Notes 

2019 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

CASH, CASH BALANCES AT CENTRAL BANKS AND OTHER DEMAND DEPOSITS 
FINANCIAL ASSETS HELD FOR TRADING 

9 
10 

Derivatives 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

NON-TRADING FINANCIAL ASSETS MANDATORILY AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH 
PROFIT OR LOSS 

11 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS 

12 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to customers 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

13 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTIZED COST 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

DERIVATIVES - HEDGE ACCOUNTING 

FAIR VALUE CHANGES OF THE HEDGED ITEMS IN PORTFOLIO HEDGES OF INTEREST 
RATE RISK 
JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES 

Joint ventures 

Associates 

INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE ASSETS 

TANGIBLE ASSETS 

Properties, plant and equipment 

For own use 

Other assets leased out under an operating lease 

Investment properties 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS  

Goodwill 

Other intangible assets 

TAX ASSETS 

Current tax assets 

Deferred tax assets  

OTHER ASSETS  

Insurance contracts linked to pensions 

Inventories 

Other 

14 

15 

15 

16 

23 

17 

18 

19 

20 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS AND DISPOSAL GROUPS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE  

21 

44,303 
102,688 

33,185 

8,892 

26,309 

535 

21,286 

12,482 

5,557 

4,327 

110 

- 

- 

1,120 

1,214 

1,214 

- 

61,183 

2,420 

58,731 

33 

439,162 

38,877 

4,275 

13,649 

58,196 
90,117 

30,536 

5,254 

25,577 

2,163 

14,566 

12,021 

5,135 

3,095 

237 

- 

- 

1,803 

1,313 

1,313 

- 

56,337 

2,595 

53,709 

33 

419,660 

32,530 

3,941 

9,163 

382,360 

374,027 

1,729 

28 

1,488 

154 

1,334 

341 

10,068 

9,816 

9,554 

263 

252 

6,966 

4,955 

2,010 

17,083 

1,765 

15,318 

3,800 

- 

581 

3,220 

3,079 

2,892 

(21) 

1,578 

173 

1,405 

366 

7,229 

7,066 

6,756 

310 

163 

8,314 

6,180 

2,134 

18,100 

2,784 

15,316 

5,472 

- 

635 

4,837 

2,001 

42,680 
64,695 

35,265 

6,801 

22,573 

- 

- 

56 

2,709 

1,888 

174 

648 

69,476 

3,224 

66,251 

- 

445,275 

24,093 

7,300 

26,261 

387,621 

2,485 

(25)

1,588 

256 

1,332 

421 

7,191 

6,996 

6,581 

415 

195 

8,464 

6,062 

2,402 

16,888 

2,163 

14,725 

4,359 

- 

229 

4,130 

23,853 

TOTAL ASSETS 

698,690 

676,689 

690,059 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019.  

 
P.5
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated balance sheets for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES HELD FOR TRADING  
Derivatives 

Short positions 

Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT 
OR LOSS  
Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

Memorandum item: Subordinated liabilities 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AT AMORTIZED COST  
Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

Memorandum item: Subordinated liabilities 

DERIVATIVES - HEDGE ACCOUNTING 
FAIR VALUE CHANGES OF THE HEDGED ITEMS IN PORTFOLIO HEDGES OF 
INTEREST RATE RISK 
LIABILITIES UNDER INSURANCE AND REINSURANCE CONTRACTS  
PROVISIONS 
Pensions and other post employment defined benefit obligations 

Other long term employee benefits 

Provisions for taxes and other legal contingencies 

Commitments and guarantees given 

Other provisions 

TAX LIABILITIES  
Current tax liabilities 

Deferred tax liabilities 

OTHER LIABILITIES  
LIABILITIES INCLUDED IN DISPOSAL GROUPS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR 
SALE 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 

 (*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

Notes 

10 

2019 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

89,633 
35,019 

12,249 

7,635 

24,969 

9,761 

- 

- 

80,774 
31,815 

11,025 

10,511 

15,687 

11,736 

- 

- 

46,182 
36,169 

10,013 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

12 

10,010 

6,993 

2,222 

- 

- 

944 

4,656 

4,410 

- 

516,641 
25,950 

28,751 

384,219 

63,963 

13,758 

18,018 

2,233 

- 

10,606 
6,538 
4,631 

61 

677 

711 

457 

2,808 
880 

1,928 

3,742 

1,554 

- 

- 

976 

2,858 

3,159 

- 

509,185 
27,281 

31,978 

375,970 

61,112 

12,844 

18,047 

2,680 

- 

9,834 
6,772 
4,787 

62 

686 

636 

601 

3,276 
1,230 

2,046 

4,301 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,222 

- 

543,713 
37,054 

54,516 

376,379 

63,915 

11,850 

17,316 

2,880 

(7) 

9,223 
7,477 
5,407 

67 

756 

578 

669 

3,298 
1,114 

2,184 

4,550 

17,197

643,765 

623,814 

636,736 

22 

15 

15 

23 
24 

19 

20 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. 

P.6 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated balance sheets for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (Continued) (Millions of Euros) 

SHAREHOLDERS’ FUNDS 
Capital 

Paid up capital 

Unpaid capital which has been called up 

Share premium 
Equity instruments issued other than capital 
Other equity 
Retained earnings 
Revaluation reserves 
Other reserves 

Reserves or accumulated losses of investments in joint ventures and associates 

Other 

Less: treasury shares 
Profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent 
Less: interim dividends 
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss 
Actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit pension plans 
Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 
 Share of other recognized income and expense of investments joint ventures and 
associates 
Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 
Hedge ineffectiveness of fair value hedges for equity instruments measured at fair value 
through other comprehensive income 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other 
comprehensive income (hedged item) 
Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other 
comprehensive income (hedging instrument) 

Fair value changes of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to 
changes in their credit risk  
Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 
Hedge of net investments in foreign operations (effective portion) 
Foreign currency translation  
Hedging derivatives. Cash flow hedges (effective portion) 
Financial assets available for sale 
Fair value changes of debt instruments measured at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 
Hedging instruments (non-designated items) 
Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 
Share of other recognized income and expense of investments in joint ventures and 
associates 
MINORITY INTERESTS (NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS) 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Other items 
TOTAL EQUITY 
TOTAL EQUITY AND TOTAL LIABILITIES 

MEMORANDUM ITEM (OFF-BALANCE SHEET EXPOSURES) (Millions of Euros) 

Loan commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

Other commitments given 

(*)  

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

Notes 

2019 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

26 

27 

28 
28 
28 

29 

30 

31 

Notes 
33 

33 

33 

55,958 
3,267 
3,267 

- 

23,992 
- 
56 
26,402 
- 
(125)

(125)

- 
(62)
3,512 
(1,084) 
(7,235) 
(1,875) 
(1,498) 
2 

- 

(403)

- 

- 

- 

24 

(5,359) 
(896)
(6,161) 
(44) 

1,760 

- 
(18) 

1 

6,201 
(3,526) 

9,727 
54,925 
698,690 

2019 
130,923 

10,984 

39,209 

54,326 
3,267 
3,267 

- 

23,992 
- 
50 
23,076 
3 
(58)

(58)

- 
(296)
5,400 
(1,109) 
(7,215) 
(1,284) 
(1,245) 
- 

- 

(155)

- 

- 

- 

116 

(5,932) 
(218)
(6,643) 
(6) 

943 

- 
1 

(9)

5,764 
(3,236) 

9,000 
52,874 
676,689 

2018 (*) 
118,959 

16,454 

35,098 

53,283 
3,267 
3,267 

- 

23,992 
- 
54 
23,746 
12 
(35) 

(35) 

- 
(96) 
3,514 
(1,172) 
(6,939) 
(1,183) 
(1,183) 
- 

- 

(5,755) 
1 
(7,297) 
(34) 
1,641 

(26) 

(40)

6,979
(2,550) 

9,530 
53,323 
690,059 

2017 (*) 
94,268 

16,545 

45,738 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019.  

P.7
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (Millions of Euros) 

Interest and other income 
Interest expense 
NET INTEREST INCOME 
Dividend income  

Share of profit or loss of entities accounted for using the equity method  

Fee and commission income  
Fee and commission expense 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss, net 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net 

Gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or 
loss, net 
Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or 
loss, net 
Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net  
Exchange differences, net 
Other operating income  
Other operating expense 
Income from insurance and reinsurance contracts 
Expense from insurance and reinsurance contracts 
GROSS INCOME 
Administration costs 
     Personnel expense 
     Other administrative expense 
Depreciation and amortization 
Provisions or reversal of provisions 

Impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss or net gains by modification 

     Financial assets measured at amortized cost 
     Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 
NET OPERATING INCOME 

Impairment or reversal of impairment of investments in joint ventures and associates 

Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets 

     Tangible assets 
     Intangible assets 
     Other assets 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of non - financial assets and subsidiaries, net 

Negative goodwill recognized in profit or loss 

Gains (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 
not qualifying as discontinued operations     

PROFIT (LOSS) BEFORE TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Tax expense or income related to profit or loss from continuing operations 

PROFIT (LOSS) AFTER TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Profit (loss) after tax from discontinued operations 

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 
ATTRIBUTABLE TO MINORITY INTEREST (NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS) 
ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE PARENT 

EARNINGS PER SHARE  (Euros) 
Basic earnings per share from continued operations 
Diluted earnings per share from continued operations 
Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations 

Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

Notes 

37.1 
37.2 

38 

39 

40 
40 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 
41 
42 
42 
43 
43 

44.1 
44.2 
45 
46 

47 

48 

49 

50 

31 
55.2 

Notes 
5 

2019 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

31,061 
(12,859) 
18,202 
162 

(42) 

7,522 
(2,489) 

239 

451 

143 

(94) 

59 
586 
671 
(2,006) 
2,890 
(1,751) 
24,542 
(10,303) 
(6,340) 
(3,963) 
(1,599) 
(617) 

(4,151) 

(4,069) 
(82) 
7,872 

(46) 

(1,447) 

(94) 
(1,330) 
(23) 

(3) 

- 

21 

6,398 

(2,053) 

4,345 

- 

4,345 
833 
3,512 

29,831 
(12,239) 
17,591 
157 

(7) 

7,132 
(2,253) 

216 

707 

96 

143 

72 
(9) 
949 
(2,101) 
2,949 
(1,894) 
23,747 
(10,494) 
(6,120) 
(4,374) 
(1,208) 
(373) 

(3,981) 

(3,980) 
(1) 
7,691 

- 

(138) 

(5) 
(83) 
(51) 

78 

- 

815 

8,446 

(2,219) 

6,227 

- 

6,227 
827 
5,400 

29,296 
(11,537) 
17,758 
334 

4 

7,150 
(2,229) 

985 

218 

(56) 

(209) 
1,030 
1,439 
(2,223) 
3,342 
(2,272) 
25,270 
(11,112) 
(6,571) 
(4,541) 
(1,387) 
(745) 

(4,803) 

(3,676) 
(1,127) 
7,222 

- 

(364) 

(42) 
(16) 
(306) 

47 

- 

26 

6,931 

(2,174) 

4,757 

- 

4,757 
1,243 
3,514 

2019 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

0.47 
0.47 

- 

- 

0.75 
0.75 

- 

- 

0.46 
0.46 

- 

- 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated income statement as of December 31, 2019.  

P.8 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated statements of recognized income and expense for the years ended December 31, 
2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF RECOGNIZED INCOME AND EXPENSE (Millions of Euros) 

PROFIT RECOGNIZED IN INCOME STATEMENT 
OTHER RECOGNIZED INCOME (EXPENSE) 
ITEMS NOT SUBJECT TO RECLASSIFICATION TO INCOME STATEMENT 

Actuarial gains (losses) from defined benefit pension plans 
Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale 
Share of other recognized income and expense of entities accounted for using the equity method 
Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive 
income, net 
Gains (losses) from hedge accounting of equity instruments at fair value through other 
comprehensive income, net 
Fair value changes of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes 
in their credit risk 
Income tax related to items not subject to reclassification to income statement 

ITEMS SUBJECT TO RECLASSIFICATION TO INCOME STATEMENT 
Hedge of net investments in foreign operations (effective portion) 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Other reclassifications 
Foreign currency translation 

Translation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Other reclassifications 

Cash flow hedges (effective portion) 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Transferred to initial carrying amount of hedged items 
Other reclassifications 

Available-for-sale financial assets 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Other reclassifications 

Debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Other reclassifications 

Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 
Transferred to profit or loss 
Other reclassifications 

Entities accounted for using the equity method 
Income tax relating to items subject to reclassification to income statements 
TOTAL RECOGNIZED INCOME/EXPENSE 
Attributable to minority interest (non-controlling interests) 
Attributable to the parent company 

 (*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

2019 

4,345 
(310) 
(584) 
(364) 
2 
- 

(229) 

- 

(133) 

140 
274 
(687)
(687) 
- 
- 
132 
113 
1 
18 
(109) 
(99) 
(10) 
- 
- 

1,278 
1,401 
(122) 
- 
(19) 
(8) 
- 
(11) 
10 
(332) 
4,036 
543 
3,493 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

6,227 
(2,523) 
(141) 
(79) 
- 
- 

(172) 

- 

166 

(56) 
(2,382) 
(244) 
(244) 
- 
- 
(1,537) 
(1,542) 
5 
- 
27 
(32) 
58 
- 
- 

(901) 
(766) 
(135) 
- 
20 
- 
20 
- 
9 
244 
3,704 
(420) 
4,124 

4,757 
(4,439) 
(91) 
(96) 
- 
- 

5 
(4,348) 
80 
112 
- 
(32) 
(5,080) 
(5,089) 
(22) 
31 
(67) 
(122) 
55 
- 
- 
719 
384 
347 
(12) 

(20) 
- 
- 
(20) 
(14) 
35 
318 
127 
191 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated statement of recognized income and expense as of 
December 31, 2019.  

P.9 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

Capital 
(Note 
26) 

Share 
Premium 
(Note 
27) 

Equity 
instruments 
issued other 
than capital 

Other Equity  

Retained 
earnings  
(Note 28) 

Revaluation 
reserves 
 (Note 28) 

Other 
reserves 
(Note 
28) 

(-) Treasury 
shares 
(Note 29) 

Non-controlling interest 

(-) 
Interim 
dividends 
(Note 4) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income 
 (Note 30) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income (Note 
31) 

Other 
(Note 31) 

Total 

Balances as of January 1, 2019 (*) 
Effect of changes in accounting policies ( Note 1.3) 

Adjusted initial balance 
Total income/expense recognized 
Other changes in equity 
Issuances of common shares 

Issuances of preferred shares 

Issuance of other equity instruments 
Settlement or maturity of other equity instruments issued  

Conversion of debt on equity 

Common Stock reduction 

Dividend distribution 
Purchase of treasury shares 

Sale or cancellation of treasury shares 
Reclassification of other equity instruments to financial 
liabilities 
Reclassification of financial liabilities to other equity 
instruments 
Transfers within total equity 
Increase/Reduction of equity due to business 
combinations 
Share based payments 

3,267 
- 

3,267 
- 
- 
- 
- 

23,992 
- 

23,992 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Other increases or (-) decreases in equity 
Balances as of December 31, 2019 

- 
3,267 

- 
23,992 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

50 
- 

50 
- 
6 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4) 

11 
56 

23,017 
58 

23,076 
- 
3,327 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(1,059) 
- 

13 

- 

- 

3 
- 

3 
- 
(3) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(57) 
- 

(57) 
- 
(68) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(4) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

4,360 

(3) 

(66) 

- 

- 

14 
26,402 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1 
(125) 

(*) 

Balances as of December 31, 2018 as originally reported in the consolidated Financial Statements for the year 2018. 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated statement of changes in equity as of December 31, 2019.  

Profit or 
loss 
attributable 
to owners 
of the 
parent 

5,324 
76 

5,400 
3,512 
(5,400) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(296) 
- 

(296) 
- 
234 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
(1,088) 

1,322 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(975) 
(134) 

(1,109) 
- 
25 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(1,084) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(5,400) 

1,109 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(7,215) 
- 

(7,215) 
(19) 
- 
- 
- 

(3,236) 
- 

(3,236) 
(291) 
- 
- 
- 

9,000 
- 

9,000 
833 
(106) 
- 
- 

52,874 
- 

52,874 
4,036 
(1,985) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(142) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(2,289) 
(1,088) 

1,335 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4) 

- 
(62) 

- 
3,512 

- 
(1,084) 

- 
(7,235) 

- 
(3,526) 

36 
9,727 

62 
54,925 

 
 
 
 
 
P.10 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

2018 (*) 

Capital 
(Note 26) 

Share 
Premium 
(Note 27) 

Equity 
instruments 
issued other than 
capital 

Other Equity  

Retained 
earnings  
(Note 28) 

Revaluation 
reserves 
 (Note 28) 

Other 
reserves 
(Note 28) 

(-) Treasury 
shares (Note 
29) 

Non-controlling interest 

Profit or loss 
attributable to 
owners of the 
parent 

(-) Interim 
dividends 
(Note 4) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income 
 (Note 30) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income (Note 
31) 

Other 
(Note 31) 

Total 

Balances as of January 1, 2018 (**) 
Effect of changes in accounting policies 

Adjusted initial balance 
Total income/expense recognized 

Other changes in equity 
Issuances of common shares 

Issuances of preferred shares 

Issuance of other equity instruments 
Settlement or maturity of other equity instruments 
issued  
Conversion of debt on equity 
Common Stock reduction 

Dividend distribution 

Purchase of treasury shares 

Sale or cancellation of treasury shares 
Reclassification of other equity instruments to 
financial liabilities 
Reclassification of financial liabilities to other equity 
instruments 
Transfers within total equity (see Note 2.2.20) 
Increase/Reduction of equity due to business 
combinations 
Share based payments 

Other increases or (-) decreases in equity 

3,267 
- 

3,267 
- 

23,992 
- 

23,992 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balances as of December 31, 2018 

3,267 

23,992 

 (*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

54 
- 

54 
- 

(4) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(19) 

15 

50 

25,474 
(2,579) 

22,895 
- 

180 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(992) 

- 

(24) 

- 

- 

12 
- 

12 
- 

(10) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

-

- 

- 

- 

(44) 
9

(34) 
- 

(23) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(4) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,274 

(10) 

(19) 

- 

- 

(77)

23,076 

- 

- 

- 

3 

- 

- 

- 

(96)
- 

(96)
-

(199)
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(1,684) 

1,484 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,519 
(5)

3,514 
5,400 

(3,514) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,043) 
(129) 

(1,172) 
- 

63 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(1,109) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(8,792) 
1,756

(7,036) 
(1,276) 

1,096 
- 

(3,378) 
850 

(2,528) 
(1,247) 

540 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10,358 
(822) 

9,536 
827 

(1,364) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(378) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(3,514) 

1,172 

1,096 

540 

(540) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(446) 

9,000 

53,323 
(919) 

52,404 
3,704 

(3,234) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

(2,483) 

(1,684) 

1,460 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(19) 

(508) 

52,874 

(58) 

(296)

5,400 

(1,109) 

(7,215) 

(3,236) 

(**) 

Balances as of December 31, 2017 as originally reported in the consolidated Financial Statements for the year 2017. 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated statement of changes in equity as of December 31, 2019.  

P.11
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

2017 (*) 

Capital 
(Note 26) 

Share 
Premium 
(Note 27) 

Equity 
instruments 
issued other 
than capital 

Other Equity  

Retained 
earnings  
(Note 28) 

Revaluation 
reserves 
 (Note 28) 

Other 
reserves 
(Note 28) 

(-) Treasury 
shares (Note 
29) 

Non-controlling interest 

Profit or loss 
attributable to 
owners of the 
parent 

(-) Interim 
dividends 
(Note 4) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income 
 (Note 30) 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income (Note 
31) 

Total 

Other 
(Note 31) 

Balances as of January 1, 2017 (**) 
Effect of changes in accounting policies 

Adjusted initial balance 
Total income/expense recognized 
Other changes in equity 
Issuances of common shares 

Issuances of preferred shares 

Issuance of other equity instruments 
Settlement or maturity of other equity instruments issued  

Conversion of debt on equity 

Common Stock reduction 

Dividend distribution 
Purchase of treasury shares 

Sale or cancellation of treasury shares 

Reclassification of other equity instruments to financial liabilities 

Reclassification of financial liabilities to other equity instruments 
Transfers within total equity 

Increase/Reduction of equity due to business combinations 
Share based payments 

Other increases or (-) decreases in equity 

Balances as of December 31, 2017 

3,218 
- 

3,218 
- 
50 
50 

23,992 
- 

23,992 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

3,267 

23,992 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

54 
-

54 
-
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(22) 

22 

54 

23,688 
(1,813) 

21,875 
- 
1,872 
(50) 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

9 
- 

1 

- 

- 
1,902 

- 

- 

9

23,746 

20 
- 

20 
- 
(8) 
- 

-

-
-

-

-

- 
-

- 

-

-
(8) 

- 

- 

- 

12 

(67)
7 

(60)
- 
25 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(9) 
- 

- 

- 

- 
41

- 

- 

(6) 

(34) 

(48) 
- 

(48) 
-
(48) 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
(1,674) 

1,626 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

3,475 
82 

3,557 
3,514 
(3,557) 
-

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
(3,557)

- 

- 

- 

(96)

3,514 

(1,510) 
(111) 

(1,621) 
- 
449 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(1,029) 
- 

- 

- 

- 
1,621 

- 

- 

(144) 

(1,172) 

(5,458) 
1,836 

(3,622) 
(3,317) 
- 
- 

(2,246) 
817 

(1,429) 
(1,122) 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

(6,939) 

(2,551) 

10,310 
(817) 

9,493 
1,243 
(1,207) 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(290) 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(917) 

9,529 

55,428 
- 

55,428 
318 
(2,423) 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(1,318) 
(1,674) 

1,627 

-

-
-

-

(22) 

(1,035) 

53,323 

 (*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

(**) 

Balances as of December 31, 2016 as originally reported in the consolidated Financial Statements for the year 2016. 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated statement of changes in equity as of December 31, 2019.  

P.12 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Millions of Euros) 

A) CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES  (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5) 

1. Profit for the year 
2. Adjustments to obtain the cash flow from operating activities 
Depreciation and amortization 

Other adjustments 

3. Net increase/decrease in operating assets  
Financial assets held for trading 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

Other financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Other operating assets 

4. Net increase/decrease in operating liabilities  
Financial liabilities held for trading 
Other financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Other operating liabilities 

5. Collection/Payments for income tax 

B) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES  (1 + 2) 
1. Investment  
Tangible assets 

Intangible assets 
Investments in joint ventures and associates 

Other business units 

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and associated liabilities 

Held-to-maturity investments 
Other settlements related to investing activities 

2. Divestments 
Tangible assets 

Intangible assets 
Investments in joint ventures and associates 

Subsidiaries and other business units 

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and associated liabilities 

Held-to-maturity investments 
Other collections related to investing activities 

C) CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES   (1 + 2) 
1. Payments 
Dividends 
Subordinated liabilities 

Treasury stock amortization 

Treasury stock acquisition 

Other items relating to financing activities 

2. Collections 
Subordinated liabilities 

Treasury shares increase 

Treasury shares disposal 
Other items relating to financing activities 

D) EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES 
E) NET INCREASE/DECREASE IN CASH OR CASH EQUIVALENTS (A+B+C+D) 
F) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF THE YEAR 
G) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR (E+F) 

COMPONENTS OF CASH AND EQUIVALENT AT END OF THE YEAR (Millions of Euros) 

Cash 

Balance of cash equivalent in central banks 

Other financial assets 

Less: Bank overdraft refundable on demand 

Notes 

9 

9, 14 

2019 

(8,214) 

4,345 
9,582 
1,599 

7,983 

(36,747) 
(11,664) 

(318) 

99 

(3,755) 

(24,119) 

3,010 

16,208 
8,061 
2,680 

8,016 

(2,549) 

(1,602) 

98 
(1,494) 
(852) 

(528) 
(114) 

- 

- 

- 

1,592 
128 

- 
98 

5 

1,198 

162 

(2,702) 
(7,418) 
(2,147) 
(3,571) 

- 

(1,088) 

(612) 

4,716 
3,381 

- 

1,335 
- 

(258) 
(11,077) 
54,167 
43,090 

2019 

7,060 

36,031 

- 

- 

2018 (*) 

2017 (*) 

9,249 

6,227 
7,619 
1,208 

6,411 

(12,094) 
1,379 

(643) 

349 

(206) 

(12,067) 

(906) 

10,286 
(466) 
1,338 

10,481 

(1,067) 

(2,789) 

7,516 
(2,154) 
(943) 

(552) 
(150) 

(20) 

(489) 

- 

9,670 
731 

- 
558 

4,268 

3,917 

196 

(5,092) 
(8,995) 
(2,107) 
(4,825) 

- 

(1,686) 

(377) 

3,903 
2,451 

- 

1,452 
- 

(2,498) 
9,175 
44,992 
54,167 

2018 (*) 

6,346 

47,821 

- 

- 

1,722 

4,757 
8,531 
1,387 

7,144 

(5,227) 
5,662 

(783) 

5,032 

(14,836) 

(302) 

(3,916) 
(6,057) 
19 

2,111 

11 

(2,423) 

2,902 
(2,339) 
(777) 

(564) 
(101) 

(897) 

- 

- 
- 

5,241 
518 

47 
18 

936 

1,002 

2,711 
9 

(98) 
(5,763) 
(1,698) 
(2,098) 

- 

(1,674) 

(293) 

5,665 
4,038 

- 

1,627 
- 

(4,266) 
261 
44,978 
45,239 

2017 (*) 

6,220 

39,018 

- 

- 

TOTAL CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR 

43,090 

54,167 

45,239 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only (Note 1.3). 

The accompanying Notes and Appendices are an integral part of the consolidated statement of cash flows as of December 31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.13 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Notes to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements  

Introduction,  basis  for  the  presentation  of  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements, 

1. 
Internal Control over Financial Reporting and other information  

1.1 

Introduction 

Banco  Bilbao  Vizcaya  Argentaria,  S.A.  (hereinafter  “the  Bank”  or  “BBVA")  is  a  private-law  entity  subject  to  the  laws  and  regulations 
governing banking entities operating in Spain. It carries out its activity through branches and agencies across the country and abroad. 

The Bylaws and other public information are available for inspection at the Bank’s registered address (Plaza San Nicolás, 4 Bilbao) as 
noted on its web site (www.bbva.com). 

In addition to the activities it carries out directly, the Bank heads a group of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates which perform a 
wide range of activities and which together with the Bank constitute the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Group (hereinafter, the “Group” 
or  the  “BBVA  Group”).  In  addition  to  its  own  separate  financial  statements,  the  Bank  is  required  to  prepare  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements comprising all consolidated subsidiaries of the Group. 

As of December 31, 2019, the BBVA Group had 288 consolidated entities and 54 entities accounted for using the equity method (see 
Notes 3 and 16 and Appendix I to V). 

The Consolidated Financial Statements of the BBVA Group for the year ended December 31, 2018 were approved by the shareholders at 
the Annual General Meetings (“AGM”) held on March 15, 2019. 

BBVA Group’s Consolidated Financial Statements and the Financial Statements for the Bank and the majority of the remaining entities 
within the Group have been prepared as of December 31, 2019, and are pending approval by their respective AGMs. Notwithstanding, the 
Board of Directors of the Bank understands that said financial statements will be approved without changes. 

1.2 

Basis for the presentation of the Consolidated Financial Statements 

The BBVA Group’s Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in compliance with IFRS-IASB (International Financial Reporting 
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board), as well as in accordance with the International Financial Reporting 
Standards endorsed by the European Union (hereinafter, “EU-IFRS”) applicable as of December 31, 2019, considering the Bank of Spain 
Circular 4/2017, and with any other legislation governing financial reporting applicable to the Group in Spain (see Note 1.3).  

The  BBVA  Group’s  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  were  prepared  by  the 
Group’s  Directors  (through  the  Board  of  Directors  meeting  held  on  February  10,  2020)  by  applying  the  principles  of  consolidation, 
accounting policies and valuation criteria described in Note 2, so that they present fairly the Group’s total consolidated equity and financial 
position as of December 31, 2019, together with the consolidated results of its operations and cash flows generated during the year ended 
December 31, 2019. 

These Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared on the basis of the accounting records kept by the Bank and each of the other 
entities in the Group. Moreover, they include the adjustments and reclassifications required to harmonize the accounting policies and 
valuation criteria used by the Group (see Note 2.2). 

All effective accounting standards and valuation criteria with a significant effect in the Consolidated Financial Statements were applied in 
their preparation. 

The  amounts  reflected  in  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  are  presented  in  millions  of  euros,  unless  it  is  more 
appropriate to use smaller units. Some items that appear without a balance in these Consolidated Financial Statements are due to how 
the units are expressed. Also, in presenting amounts in millions of euros, the accounting balances have been rounded up or down. It is 
therefore possible that the totals appearing in some tables are not the exact arithmetical sum of their component figures. 

The percentage changes in amounts have been calculated using figures expressed in thousands of euros. 

1.3 

Comparative information 

The information  included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements relating  to the years ended December 31, 2018 and 
December 31, 2017, in accordance to the applicable regulation, is presented for the purpose of comparison with the information for the 
year ended December 31, 2019.  

 
 
P.14 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Leases 

As of January 1, 2019, IFRS 16 “Leases” replaced IAS 17 “Leases” and includes changes in the lessee accounting model (see Note 2.2.19). 
This amendment was applied using the modified retrospective method and the previous years have not been restated for comparison 
purposes as allowed by the standard (see Note 2.3). 

Income taxes 

As mentioned in Note 2.3 and derived from the Annual improvements cycle to IFRSs 2015-2017, the amendment to IAS 12 – “Income 
Taxes”  requires that the tax impacts of the distribution of dividends should be recorded under "Tax expense or income related to profit 
or loss from continuing operations" in the consolidated income statement for the year. Previously they were recorded under total equity.  

In order for the information to be comparable, the information for the years 2018 and 2017 has been restated, recognizing a €76 million 
profit and a €5 million loss in the consolidated financial statements for such years, respectively, under “Retained earnings“ and “Less: 
Interim dividends”. This has meant an increase of 1.4% and a decrease of 0.1% in the “Profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent” 
for the years 2018 and 2017, respectively with respect to amounts previously presented in the consolidated Financial Statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. This reclassification has had no impact on the consolidated total equity. 

Operating segments 

During 2019, there have been changes to the BBVA Group business segments in comparison to the segment structure in 2018 (See Note 
6). The information related to business segments as of and for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 has been restated in order 
to make them comparable, as required by IFRS 8 “Information by business segments”. 

Hyperinflationary economies 

In 2018, the information as of December 31, 2017 was restated for comparative purposes taking into account the change in accounting 
policies  for  hyperinflationary  economies  in  accordance  with  IAS  29  "Financial  information  in  hyperinflationary  economies"  (see  Note 
2.2.20).  

Application of IFRS 9 

As  of  January  1,  2018,  IFRS  9  “Financial  instruments”  replaced  IAS  39  “Financial  Instruments:  Recognition  and  Measurement”  and 
included changes in the requirements for the classification and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities, the impairment of 
financial assets and hedge accounting (see Note 2.2.1). As permitted by the standard, IFRS 9 was not applied retrospectively for previous 
years.  As  a  consequence  of  the  application  of  IFRS  9,  the  comparative  information  for  the  financial  year  2017  included  in  these 
Consolidated Financial Statements was subject to some non-significant modifications in order to improve the comparability. 

1.4 

Seasonal nature of income and expense 

The nature of the most significant activities carried out by the BBVA Group’s entities is mainly related to typical activities carried out by 
financial institutions, and are not significantly affected by seasonal factors within the same year. 

1.5 

Responsibility for the information and for the estimates made 

The information contained in the BBVA Group’s Consolidated Financial Statements is the responsibility of the Group’s Directors. 

Estimates were required to be made at times when preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements in order to calculate the recorded 
or disclosed amount of some assets, liabilities, income, expense and commitments. These estimates relate mainly to the following: 

Loss allowances on certain financial assets (see Notes 7, 12, 13, 14 and 16). 

The assumptions used to quantify certain provisions (see Note 24) and for the actuarial calculation of post-employment benefit 
liabilities and commitments (see Note 25). 

The useful life and impairment losses of tangible and intangible assets (see Notes 17, 18, 20 and 21). 

The valuation of goodwill and price allocation of business combinations (see Note 18). 

The fair value of certain unlisted financial assets and liabilities (see Notes 7, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 13). 

The recoverability of deferred tax assets (see Note 19). 

Although these estimates were made on the basis of the best information available as of the end of the reporting period, future events 
may make it necessary to modify them (either up or down) over the coming years. This would be done prospectively in accordance with 
applicable standards, recognizing the effects of changes in the estimates in the corresponding consolidated income statement. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.15 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

During  2019  there  were  no  significant  changes  to  the  assumptions  and  estimations  performed  as  of  December  31,  2018,  except  as 
indicated in these Consolidated Financial Statements. 

1.6 

BBVA Group’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

BBVA Group’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared under an Internal Control over Financial Reporting Model (hereinafter 
“ICFR"). It provides reasonable assurance with respect to the reliability and the integrity of the consolidated financial statements. It is also 
aimed to ensure that the transactions are processed in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. 

The ICFR is in accordance with the control framework established in 2013 by the “Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission” (hereinafter, "COSO"). The COSO 2013 framework sets five components that constitute the basis of the effectiveness and 
efficiency of the internal control systems: 

The establishment of an appropriate control framework. 

The assessment of the risks that could arise during the preparation of the financial information. 

The design of the necessary controls to mitigate the identified risks. 

The establishment of an appropriate system of information to detect and report system weaknesses. 

The monitoring activities over the controls to ensure they perform correctly and are effective over time. 

The ICFR is a dynamic model that evolves continuously over time to reflect the reality of the BBVA Group’s businesses and processes, as 
well as the risks and controls designed to mitigate them. It is subject to a continuous evaluation by the internal control units located in the 
different entities of BBVA Group. 

 These internal control units are integrated within the BBVA internal control model which is based in two pillars: 

A control system organized into three lines of defense that has been updated  and strengthened in 2019 : 

• 

• 

• 

The first line of defense (1LoD) is located within the business and support units, which are responsible for identifying risks 
associated with their processes, as well as for implementing and executing the necessary controls to mitigate them. In 
2019, in order to reinforce the adequate risk management in each areas processes, the role of the Risk Control Assurer 
was created.  

The second line of defense (2LoD) comprises the specialized control units for each type of risk (Legal, IT, Third Party, 
Finance, Compliance or Processes among others). This second line defines the mitigation and control frameworks for 
their areas of responsibility across the entire organization and performs challenge to the control model (supervises the 
implementation and design of the controls and assesses their effectiveness).  

The third line of defense (3LoD) is the Internal Audit unit, which conducts an independent review of the model, verifying 
the compliance and effectiveness of the model. 

A committee structure, called Corporate Assurance, which enables the escalation of possible weaknesses and internal control 
issues to the management at a Group level and also in each of the countries where the Group operates. 

The internal control units within Finance comply with a common and standard methodology established at the Group level, as set out in 
the following diagram: 

BBVA’s INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Companies

Processes

Risk

Controls

01

Selection of 
evaluation
Scope

02
Documentation
of process
models

03
Risk identification
evaluation and 
prioritization

04

Documentation
of control models

05
Identification
and 
management of 
residual risk

06
Evaluation of the
effectiveness of the
ICFR

Selection of 
companies and 
relevant
information to be 
covered

Definition and 
documentation of 
the processes´
map that is
directly and 
indirectly involved
in the preparation
of financial
information.

Identification of risks
linked to processes
that can trigger errors
in the financial
information.
Criticality
assesment of risks.

Identification of key
mitigating controls

Identification and 
management of 
the degree of risk
mitigation with the
controls identified.

Periodic review, 
certification and 
communication of ICRF 
effectiveness

The ICFR Model is subject to annual evaluations by the Group’s Internal Audit Unit. It is also supervised by the Audit Committee of the 
Bank’s Board of Directors. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.16 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The BBVA Group is also required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (hereafter “SOX”) for Consolidated Financial Statements as a 
listed company with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The main senior executives of the Group are involved in the 
design, compliance and implementation of the internal control model to make it effective and to ensure the quality and accuracy of the 
financial information. 

The  description  of  the  ICFR  is  included  in  the  Corporate  Governance  Annual  Report  within  the  Management  Report  attached  to  the 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Principles  of  consolidation,  accounting  policies  and  measurement  bases  applied  and 

2. 
recent IFRS pronouncements 

The  Glossary  includes  the  definition  of  some  of  the  financial  and  economic  terms  used  in  Note  2  and  subsequent  Notes  of  the 
accompanying consolidated Financial Statements. 

2.1 

Principles of consolidation 

In terms of its consolidation, in accordance with the criteria established by IFRS, the BBVA Group is made up of four types of entities: 
subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates and structured entities, defined as follows: 

Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group (for definition of control, see Glossary). The financial statements of the subsidiaries 
are fully consolidated with those of the Bank. The share of non-controlling interests from subsidiaries in the Group’s consolidated 
total equity is presented under the heading “Minority interests (Non-controlling interests)” in the consolidated balance sheet. Their 
share in the profit or loss for the period or year is presented under the heading “Attributable to minority interest (non-controlling 
interests)” in the accompanying consolidated income statement (see Note 31). 

Note  3  includes  information  related  to  the  main  subsidiaries  in  the  Group  as  of  December  31,  2019.  Appendix  I  includes  other 
significant information on all entities. 

Joint ventures 

Joint ventures are those entities for which there is a joint arrangement to joint control with third parties other than the Group (for 
definitions of joint arrangement, joint control and joint venture, refer to Glossary).  

The investments in joint ventures are accounted for using the equity method (see Note 16). Appendix II shows the main figures for 
joint ventures accounted for using the equity method as of December 31, 2019.  

Associates 

Associates are entities in which the Group is able to exercise significant influence (for definition of significant influence, see Glossary). 
Significant influence is deemed to exist when the Group owns 20% or more of the voting rights of an investee directly or indirectly, 
unless it can be clearly demonstrated that this is not the case. 

However, certain entities in which the Group owns 20% or more of the voting rights are not included as Group associates, since the 
Group  does  not  have  the  ability  to  exercise  significant  influence  over  these  entities.  Investments  in  these  entities,  which  do  not 
represent material amounts for the Group, are classified as “Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” or 
“Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss”  

In contrast, some investments in entities in which the Group holds less than 20% of the voting rights are accounted for as Group 
associates, as the Group is considered to have the ability to exercise significant influence over these entities. As of December 31, 
2019, these entities are not significant to the Group.  

Appendix II shows the most significant information related to the associates (see Note 16), which are accounted for using the equity 
method. 

Structured Entities 

A structured entity is an entity that has been designed so that voting or similar rights are not the dominant factor in deciding who 
controls the entity, such as when the voting rights relate to administrative matters only and the relevant activities are directed by 
means of contractual arrangements (see Glossary). 

In those cases where the Group sets up entities or has a holding in such entities, in order to allow its customers access to certain 
investments,  to  transfer  risks  or  for  other  purposes,  in  accordance  with  internal  criteria  and  procedures  and  with  applicable 
regulations, the Group determines whether control over the entity in question actually exists and therefore whether it should be 
subject to consolidation. 

Such methods and procedures determine whether there is control by the Group, considering how the decisions are made about the 
relevant  activities,  assessing  whether  the  Group  has  control  over  the  relevant  elements,  exposure  to  variable  returns  from 
involvement with the investee and the ability to use control over the investee to affect the amount of the investor’s returns. 

 
 
 
 
 
P.17 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Structured entities subject to consolidation 

To determine if a structured entity is controlled  by the Group, and therefore should be consolidated into the Group, the existing 
contractual rights (different from the voting rights) are analyzed. For this reason, an analysis of the structure and purpose of each 
investee is performed and, among others, the following factors will be considered: 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Evidence of the current ability to manage the relevant activities of the investee according to the specific business needs 
(including any decisions that may arise only in particular circumstances). 

Potential existence of a special relationship with the investee. 

Implicit or explicit Group commitments to support the investee. 

The ability to use the Group´s power over the investee to affect the amount of the Group’s returns. 

This type of entities include cases where the Group has a high exposure to variable returns and retains decision-making power over 
the investee, either directly or through an agent.  

The main structured entities of the Group are the asset securitization funds, to which the BBVA Group transfers loans and receivables 
portfolios, and other vehicles, which allow the Group’s customers to gain access to certain investments or to allow for the transfer of 
risks  or  for  other  purposes  (see  Appendices  I  and  V).  The  BBVA  Group  maintains  the  decision-making  power  over  the  relevant 
activities  of  these  vehicles  and  financial  support  through  securitized  market  standard  contracts.  The  most  common  ones  are: 
investment  positions  in  equity  note  tranches,  funding  through  subordinated  debt,  credit  enhancements  through  derivative 
instruments or liquidity lines, management rights of defaulted securitized assets, “clean-up” call derivatives, and asset repurchase 
clauses by the grantor.  

For these reasons, the loans and receivable portfolios related to the vast majority of the securitizations carried out by the Bank or 
Group subsidiaries are not derecognized in the books of said entity and the issuances of the related debt securities are recorded as 
liabilities within the Group’s consolidated balance sheet. 

For additional information on the accounting treatment for the transfer and derecognition of financial instruments, see Note 2.2.2. 
“Transfers and derecognition of financial assets and liabilities”.  

Non-consolidated structured entities 

 The Group owns other vehicles also for the purpose of allowing customers access to certain investments, to transfer risks, and for 
other  purposes,  but  without  the  Group  having  control  of  the  vehicles,  which  are  not  consolidated  in  accordance  with  IFRS  10  – 
“Consolidated Financial Statements”. The balance of assets and liabilities of these vehicles is not material in relation to the Group’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements.  

As  of  December  31,  2019,  there was  no material  financial  support  from  the  Bank  or  its  subsidiaries  to  unconsolidated  structured 
entities. 

The Group does not consolidate any of the mutual funds it manages since the necessary control conditions are not met. Particularly, 
the BBVA Group does not act as arranger but as agent since it operates the mutual funds on behalf and for the benefit of investors or 
parties (arranger or arrangers) and, for this reason it does not control the mutual funds when exercising its authority for decision 
making. 

The mutual funds managed by the Group are not considered structured entities (generally, retail funds without corporate identity over 
which investors have participations which gives them ownership of said managed equity). These funds are not dependent on a capital 
structure that could prevent them from carrying out activities without additional financial support, being in any case insufficient as far 
as the activities themselves are concerned. Additionally, the risk of the investment is absorbed by the fund participants, and the Group 
is only exposed when it becomes a participant, and as such, there is no other risk for the Group. 

In all cases, the operating results of equity method investees acquired by the BBVA Group in a particular period only include the period 
from the date of acquisition to the financial statements date. Similarly, the results of entities disposed of during any year only include the 
period from the start of the year to the date of disposal. 

The consolidated financial statements of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial 
Statements of the Group have the same presentation date as the Consolidated Financial Statements. If financial statements at those same 
dates are not available, the most recent will be used, as long as these are not older than three months, and adjusted to take into account 
the most significant transactions. As of December 31, 2019, financial statements as of December 31 of all Group entities were utilized 
except for the case of the consolidated financial statements of 6 associates deemed non-significant for which financial statements as of 
November 30, 2019 were used for 5 of them and the financial statements as of October 31, 2019 were used for 1 of them. 

Separate financial statements 

The separate financial statements of the parent company of the Group are prepared under Spanish regulations (Circular 4/2017 of the 
Bank  of  Spain,  and  following  other  regulatory  requirements  of  financial  information  applicable  to  the  Bank).  The  Bank  uses  the  cost 
method to account in its separate financial statements for its investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint venture entities, which are 
consistent with the requirements of Bank of Spain Circular 4/2017 and IAS 27 “Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements”. 

Appendix IX shows BBVA’s financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

 
 
 
P.18 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

2.2 

Accounting policies and valuation criteria applied 

The accounting standards and policies and the valuation criteria applied in preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements may differ 
from those used by some of the entities within the BBVA Group. For this reason, necessary adjustments and reclassifications have been 
made in the consolidation process to standardize these principles and criteria and comply with the EU-IFRS. 

The accounting standards and policies and valuation criteria used in preparing the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are 
as follows: 

2.2.1 

Financial instruments 

IFRS 9 became effective as of January 1, 2018 and replaced IAS 39 regarding the classification and measurement of financial assets and 
liabilities, the impairment of financial assets and hedge accounting. Actually, the Group has elected for continuing the application of IAS 
39 for hedge accounting, as permitted by IFRS 9. The disclosures for the financial year 2017 related to the measurement of financial assets 
and liabilities, the definition of impaired financial assets, and the method for calculating the impairment on financial assets, which are 
presented for the purpose of comparability, are based on the accounting policies and valuation criteria applicable under IAS 39. 

The main aspects regarding IAS 39, applicable until December 31, 2017, are as follows: 

Measurement of financial instruments 

IAS 39 established the following three categories for the recognition of financial assets, not applicable under IFRS 9, valued as follows: 

“Available-for-sale  financial  assets”:  Assets  recognized  under  this  heading  were  measured  at  their  fair  value.  Subsequent 
changes in fair value (gains or losses) were recognized temporarily net of tax effect, under the heading “Accumulated other 
comprehensive income- Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss -Available-for-sale financial assets”. 

“Loans  and  receivables”  and  “Held-to-maturity  investments”:  Assets  and  liabilities  recognized  under  these  headings  were 
subsequently  measured  at  “amortized  cost”  using  the  “effective  interest  rate”  method.  This  was  because  the  consolidated 
entities generally intend to hold such financial instruments to maturity.  

Equity instruments whose fair value could not be determined in a sufficiently objective manner and financial derivatives that 
have those instruments as their underlying asset and are settled by delivery of those instruments were recorded at acquisition 
cost; adjusted, where appropriate, for any impairment loss. 

Impairment losses on financial assets 

The  method  for  calculating  the  impairment  of  financial  assets  under  IAS  39  was  based  on  incurred  losses;  impairment  losses  were 
recognized only if there was objective evidence of impairment. In other words, an event of a loss had to occur after initial recognition, so 
that the impairment loss could have been recognized. 

First,  the  Group  would  determine  whether  there  was  objective  evidence  of  impairment  individually  for  individually  significant  debt 
instruments,  and  collectively  for  debt  instruments  that  were  not  individually  significant.  If  the  Group  determined  that  there  was  no 
objective  evidence  of  impairment,  the  assets  were  classified  in  groups  of  debt  instruments  based  on  similar  risk  characteristics  and 
impairment was assessed collectively. 

The impairment on financial assets was determined by type of instrument and other circumstances that could have affected it, taking into 
account the guarantees received to assure (in part or in full) the performance of the financial assets.  

The information used under such model was past information, adjusted in order to reflect the effect of the conditions in such reporting 
period, which did not affect the period matching past information, and avoid the effect of the conditions that did not exist. The model did 
not allow the use of prospective information. 

In the case of equity instruments classified as available for sale, valued at fair value, when there was objective evidence that the negative 
differences  that  arose  on  measurement  of  these  equity  instruments  were  due  to  impairment,  they  were  no  longer  registered  as 
“Accumulated other comprehensive income - Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss - Available-for-sale financial assets” and were 
recognized in the consolidated income statement. In general, the Group considered that there was objective evidence of impairment on 
equity instruments classified as available-for-sale when significant unrealized losses had existed over a sustained period of time due to a 
price reduction of at least 40% or over a period of more than 18 months. When applying this evidence of impairment, the Group took into 
account the volatility in the price of each individual equity instrument to determine whether it was a percentage that could be recovered 
through its sale in the market; other different thresholds could have existed for certain equity instruments or specific sectors. In addition, 
for individually significant investments, the Group compared the valuation of the most significant equity instruments against valuations 
performed by independent experts. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.19 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Classification and measurement of financial assets 

Classification of financial assets 

IFRS 9 contains three main categories for financial assets classification: measured at amortized cost, measured at fair value with changes 
through other comprehensive income, and measured at fair value through profit or loss. 

The classification of financial assets measured at amortized cost or fair value must be carried out on the basis of two tests: the entity's 
business model and the assessment of the contractual cash flow, commonly known as the "solely payments of principle and interest" 
criterion (hereinafter, the SPPI). 

A debt instrument will be classified in the amortized cost portfolio if the two following conditions are fulfilled: 

The financial asset is managed within a business model whose purpose is to maintain the financial assets to maturity, to receive 
contractual cash flows; and 

In accordance with the contractual characteristics of the instrument its cash flows only represent the return of the principal and 
interest, basically understood as consideration for the time value of money and the debtor's credit risk. 

A debt instrument will be classified in the portfolio of financial assets at fair value with changes through other comprehensive income if 
the two following conditions are fulfilled: 

The financial asset is managed with a business model whose purpose combines collection of the contractual cash flows and 
sale of the assets, and 

The  contractual  characteristics  of  the  instrument  generate  cash  flows  which  only  represent  the  return  of  the  principal  and 
interest. 

A  debt  instrument  will  be  classified  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  profit  and  loss  provided  that  the  entity's  business  model  for  their 
management or the contractual characteristics of its cash flows do not require classification into one of the portfolios described above. 

In general, equity instruments will be measured at fair value through profit or loss. However the Group may make an irrevocable election, 
at initial recognition to present subsequent changes in the fair value through “other comprehensive income”. 

Financial assets will only be reclassified when BBVA Group decides to change the business model. In this case, all of the financial assets 
assigned to this business model will be reclassified. The change of the objective of the business model should occur before the date of the 
reclassification. 

Measurement of financial assets 

All financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value, plus, those transaction costs which are directly attributable to the issue of 
the particular instrument, for those cases in which financial assets are not classified at fair value through profit or loss.  

Excluding all derivatives not considered as accounting or economic hedges, all the changes in the fair value of the financial instruments 
arising from the accrual of interest and similar items are recognized under the headings “Interest and other income” or “Interest expense”, 
as appropriate, in the accompanying consolidated income statement in the period in which the change occurred (see Note 37).  

The changes in fair value after the initial recognition, for reasons other than those mentioned in the preceding paragraph, are treated as 
described below, according to the categories of financial assets. 

“Financial assets held for trading”, “Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit and loss” and “Financial assets 
designated at fair value through profit or loss” 

Financial assets are recorded under the heading “Financial assets held for trading” if the objective of the business model is to generate 
gains by buying and selling these financial instruments or generate short-term results. The financial assets recorded in the heading “Non-
trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit and loss” are assigned to a business model which objective is to obtain the 
contractual cash flows and / or to sell those instruments but its contractual cash flows do not comply with the requirements of the SPPI 
test. Financial assets are classified in “Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss” only if it eliminates or significantly 
reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (an ‘accounting mismatch’) that would otherwise arise from measuring financial 
assets or financial liabilities, or recognizing gains or losses on them, on different bases.  

The assets recognized under these headings of the consolidated balance sheet are measured upon acquisition at fair value and changes 
in the fair value (gains or losses) are recognized as their net value under the headings “Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held 
for trading, net”, “Gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit and loss, net” and “Gains (losses) 
on financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss, net” in the accompanying consolidated income statement  (see Note 41). 
Changes in fair value resulting from variations in foreign exchange rates are recognized under the heading Gains (losses) on financial 
assets and liabilities, net in the accompanying consolidated income statements (Note 41). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.20 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

”Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” 

Debt instruments 

Assets  recognized  under  this  heading  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  are  measured  at  their  fair  value.  This  category  of  valuation 
implies  the  recognition  of  the  information  in  the  income  statement  as  if  it  were  an  instrument  valued  at  amortized  cost,  while  the 
instrument is valued at fair value in the balance sheet. Thus, both the interests of these instruments and the exchange differences and 
impairment that arise in their case are recorded in the profit and loss account, while subsequent changes in its fair value (gains or losses) 
are recognized temporarily (by the amount net of tax effect) under the heading “Accumulated other comprehensive income- Items that 
may be reclassified to profit or loss - Fair value changes of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income” 
in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 30). 

The amounts recognized under the headings “Accumulated other comprehensive income- Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 
- Fair value changes of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income” continue to form part of the Group's 
consolidated  equity  until  the  corresponding  asset  is  derecognized  from  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  or  until  a  loss  allowance  is 
recognized on the corresponding financial instrument. If these assets are sold, these amounts are derecognized and included under the 
headings “Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities, net” (see Note 41). 

The net loss allowances in “Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” over the year are recognized under the 
heading “Loss allowances on financial assets, net – Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” (see Note 47) in 
the consolidated income statement for that period. 

Interests of these instruments are recorded in the consolidated profit and loss account (see Note 37). Changes in foreign exchange rates 
are recognized under the heading “Exchange differences, net" in the accompanying consolidated income statements (see Note 41). 

Equity instruments 

The BBVA Group, at the time of the initial recognition, may elect to present changes in the fair value in other comprehensive income of an 
investment  in  an  equity  instrument  that  is  not  held  for  trading.  The  election  is  irrevocable  and  can  be  made  on  an  instrument-by-
instrument  basis.  Subsequent  changes  in  fair  value  (gains  or  losses)  are  recognized  under  the  heading  “Accumulated  other 
comprehensive income (loss) – Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss – Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at 
fair value through other comprehensive income”. 

“Financial assets at amortized cost” 

The assets under this category are subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest rate method. 

Net loss allowances of assets recorded under these headings arising in each period are recognized under the heading “Impairment or 
reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss – financial assets measured at cost” (see Note 
47) in the consolidated income statement for that period. 

Classification and measurement of financial liabilities  

Classification of financial liabilities 

Under IFRS 9, financial liabilities are classified in the following categories: 

• 

• 

• 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost; 

Financial  liabilities  that  are  held  for  trading,  including  derivatives, are  financial  instruments  which  are  recorded  in  this 
category when the Group’s objective is to generate gains by buying and selling these financial instruments; 

Financial liabilities that are designated at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition under the Fair Value Option. 
The Group has the option to designate irrevocably, on the initial moment of recognition, a financial liability as at fair value 
through  profit  or  loss  provided  that  doing  so  results  in  the  elimination  or  significant  reduction  of  measurement  or 
recognition inconsistency, or if a group of financial liabilities, or a group of financial assets and financial liabilities, has to 
be managed, and its performance evaluated, on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or 
investment strategy. 

Measurement of financial liabilities 

All financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value except for those transaction costs which are directly attributable to the issue 
of the particular financial liability, for those cases in which financial liabilities are not classified at fair value through profit or loss.  

Excluding  all  trading  derivatives  not  considered  as  accounting  or  economic  hedges,  all  the  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  financial 
instruments  arising  from  the  accrual  of  interest  and  similar  items  are  recognized  under  the  headings  “Interest  and  other  income”  or 
“Interest expense”, as appropriate, in the accompanying consolidated income statement in the period in which the change occurred (see 
Note 37). 

The changes in fair value after the initial recognition, for reasons other than those mentioned in the preceding paragraph, are treated as 
described below, according to the categories of financial liabilities. 

 
 
 
P.21 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

“Financial liabilities held for trading” and “Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss“ 

The subsequent changes in the fair value (gains or losses) of the liabilities recognized under these headings of the consolidated balance 
sheets are recognized as their net value under the headings “Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net” and 
“Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, net” in the accompanying consolidated 
income statements (see Note 41), except for the financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit and loss under the fair value 
option for which the amount of change in the fair value that is attributable to changes in the own credit risk which is presented in under the 
heading “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) – Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss – Fair value changes of 
financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes in their credit risk”. However, changes in fair value resulting 
from variations in foreign exchange rates are recognized under the heading Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities, net in the 
accompanying consolidated income statements (Note 41). 

“Financial liabilities at amortized cost” 

The liabilities under this category are subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the “effective interest rate” method. 

“Derivatives-Hedge Accounting” and “Fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest-rate risk” 

Assets and liabilities recognized under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are measured at fair value. 

Changes occurring subsequent to the designation of the hedging relationship in the measurement of financial instruments designated as 
hedged items as well as financial instruments designated as hedge accounting instruments are recognized as follows: 

In  fair  value  hedges,  the  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  and  the  hedged  item  attributable  to  the  hedged  risk  are 
recognized  under  the  heading  “Gains  (losses)  from  hedge  accounting,  net”  in  the  consolidated  income  statement,  with  a 
corresponding offset under the headings where hedging items ("Hedging derivatives") and the hedged items are recognized, as 
applicable, except for interest-rate risks hedges (which are almost all of the hedges used by the Group), for which the valuation 
changes  are  recognized  under  the  headings  “Interest  and  other  income”  or  “Interest  expense”,  as  appropriate,  in  the 
accompanying consolidated income statement (see Note 37). 

In fair value hedges of interest rate risk of a portfolio of financial instruments (portfolio-hedges), the gains or losses that arise in 
the measurement of the hedging instrument are recognized in the consolidated income statement,  with counterpart on the 
headings “Derivatives-Hedge Accounting” and the gains or losses that arise from the change in the fair value of the hedged item 
(attributable to the hedged risk) are also recognized in the consolidated income statement (in both cases under the heading 
“Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net”, using, as a balancing item, the headings "Fair value changes of the hedged items 
in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk" in the consolidated balance sheets, as applicable). 

In cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the hedging instruments relating to the effective portion are recognized temporarily 
under  the  heading  ”Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  -  Items  that  may  be  reclassified  to  profit  or  loss  -  Hedging 
derivatives.  Cash  flow  hedges”  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets,  with  a  balancing  entry  under  the  heading  “Hedging 
derivatives” of the Assets or Liabilities of the consolidated balance sheets as applicable. These differences are recognized under 
the headings “Interest and other  income” or “Interest expense” at the time when  the gain or loss in the hedged  instrument 
affects profit or loss, when the forecast transaction is executed or at the maturity date of the hedged item (see Note 37).  

Differences  in  the  measurement  of  the  hedging  items  corresponding  to  the  ineffective  portions  of  cash  flow  hedges  are 
recognized directly in the heading “Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net” in the consolidated income statement (see Note 
41). 

In the hedges of net investments in foreign operations, the differences attributable to the effective portions of hedging items are 
recognized temporarily under the heading "Accumulated other comprehensive income - Items that may be reclassified to profit 
or loss – Hedging of net investments in foreign transactions" in the consolidated balance sheets with a balancing entry under 
the heading “Hedging derivatives” of the Assets or Liabilities of the consolidated balance sheets as applicable. These differences 
in  valuation  are  recognized  under  the  heading  “Exchange  differences,  net"  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  when  the 
investment in a foreign operation is disposed of or derecognized (see Note 41). 

Loss allowances on financial assets 

Definition of impaired financial assets  

The impairment model is applied to financial assets valued at amortized cost and to financial assets valued at fair value with changes in 
accumulated other comprehensive income, except for investments in equity instruments and contracts for financial guarantees and loan 
commitments unilaterally revocable by BBVA. Likewise, all the financial instruments valued at fair value with change through profit and 
loss are excluded from the impairment model. 

The standard classifies financial instruments into three categories, which depend on the evolution of their credit risk from the moment of 
initial recognition. The first category includes the transactions when they are  initially recognized (Stage 1); the second comprises the 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

financial assets for which a significant increase in credit risk has been identified since its initial recognition (Stage 2) and the third one, the 
impaired financial assets (Stage 3). 

The calculation of the provisions for credit risk in each of these three categories must be done differently. In this way, expected loss up to 
12  months  for  the  financial  assets  classified  in  the  first  of  the  aforementioned  categories  must  be  recorded,  while  expected  losses 
estimated for the remaining life of the financial assets classified in the other two categories must be recorded. Thus, IFRS 9 differentiates 
between the following concepts of expected loss:  

Expected  loss  at  12  months:  expected  credit  loss  that  arises  from  possible  default  events  within  12  months  following  the 
presentation date of the financial statements; and 

Expected loss during the life of the transaction: this is the expected credit loss that arises from all possible default events over 
the remaining life of the financial instrument. 

All this requires considerable judgment, both in the modeling for the estimation of the expected losses and in the forecasts, on how the 
economic factors affect such losses, which must be carried out on a weighted probability basis.  

The BBVA Group has applied the following definitions: 

Default 

BBVA has applied a definition of default for financial instruments that is consistent with that used in internal credit risk management, 
as well as the indicators under applicable regulation. Both qualitative and quantitative indicators have been considered. 

The Group has considered there is a default when one of the following situations occurs:  

• 

• 

Payment past-due for more than 90 days; or 

There are reasonable doubts regarding the full reimbursement of the instrument. 

In accordance with IFRS 9, the 90-day past-due stipulation may be waived in cases where the entity considers it appropriate, based 
on reasonable and documented information that it is appropriate to use a longer term. As of December 31, 2019, the Group has not 
considered periods higher than 90 days for any of the significant portfolios.  

Credit impaired asset 

An asset is credit-impaired according to IFRS 9 if one or more events have occurred and they have a detrimental impact on the 
estimated  future  cash  flows  of  the  asset.  Evidence  that  a  financial  asset  is  credit-impaired  includes  observable  data  about  the 
following events: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Significant financial difficulty of the issuer or the borrower, 

A breach of contract (e.g. a default or past due event), 

A lender having granted a concession to the borrower – for economic or contractual reasons relating to the borrower’s 
financial difficulty – that the lender would not otherwise consider, 

It becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization, 

The disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties, or 

The purchase or origination of a financial asset at a deep discount that reflects the incurred credit losses. 

It may not be possible to identify a single discrete event. Instead, the combined effect of several events may cause financial assets 
to become credit-impaired. 

The definition of impaired financial assets in the Group is aligned with the definition of default explained in the above paragraphs. 

Significant increase in credit risk  

The objective of the impairment requirements is to recognize lifetime expected credit losses for financial instruments for which 
there have been significant increases in credit risk since initial recognition considering all reasonable and supportable information, 
including that which is forward-looking.  

The model developed by the Group for assessing the significant increase in credit risk has a two-prong approach that is applied 
globally, although the specific characteristics of each geographic area are respected: 

• 

Quantitative criterion:  the Group  uses a quantitative analysis based on comparing the current expected probability of 
default over the life of the transaction with the original adjusted expected probability of default, so that both values are 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

comparable in terms of expected default probability for their residual life. The thresholds used for considering a significant 
increase in risk take into account special cases according to geographic areas and portfolios. Depending on the age of 
transactions at the time of implementation of the standard, some simplifications were made to compare the probabilities 
of default between the current and the initial moment, based on the best information available at that moment. 

• 

Qualitative criterion: most indicators for detecting significant risk increase are included in the Group's systems through 
rating/scoring systems or macroeconomic scenarios, so the quantitative analysis covers the majority of circumstances. 
The  Group  will  use  additional  qualitative  criteria  when  it  considers  it  necessary  to  include  circumstances  that  are  not 
reflected in the rating/score systems or macroeconomic scenarios used.  

Additionally, instruments under one of the following circumstances are considered Stage 2: 

o  More than 30 days past due. According to IFRS 9, default of more than 30 days is a presumption that can be rebutted 
in  those  cases  in  which  the  entity  considers,  based  on  reasonable  and  documented  information,  that  such  non-
payment does not represent a significant increase in risk. As of December 31, 2019, the Group has not considered 
periods higher than 30 days for any of the significant portfolios. 

o  Watch list: They are subject to special watch by the Risk units because they show negative signs in their credit quality, 

even though there may be no objective evidence of impairment. 

o 

Refinance or restructuring that does not show evidence of impairment. 

Although the standard introduces a series of operational simplifications or practical solutions for analyzing the increase in significant risk, 
the Group does not use them as a general rule. However, for high-quality assets, mainly related to certain government institutions and 
bodies, the standard allows for considering that their credit risk has not increased significantly because they have a low credit risk at the 
presentation date. 

Thus the classification of financial instruments subject to impairment under IFRS 9 is as follows: 

Stage 1– without significant increase in credit risk 

Financial assets which are not considered to have significantly increased in credit risk have loss allowances measured at an amount 
equal to 12 months expected credit losses derived from defaults.  

Stage 2– significant increases in credit risk 

When the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since the initial recognition, the loss allowances of that financial 
instrument is calculated as the expected credit loss during the entire life of the asset. 

Stage 3 – Impaired 

When there is objective evidence that the instrument is credit impaired, the financial asset is transferred to this category in which the 
provision for losses of that financial instrument is calculated as the expected credit loss during the entire life of the asset. 

When the recovery of any recognized amount is considered remote, such amount is written-off on the consolidated balance sheet, without 
prejudice to any actions that may be taken in order to collect the amount until the rights extinguish in full either because it is time-barred 
debt, the debt is forgiven, or other reasons. 

Method for calculating expected credit loss  

Method for calculating expected loss 

In accordance with IFRS 9, the measurement of expected losses must reflect: 

  A considered and unbiased amount, determined by evaluating a range of possible results; 

the time value of money, and 

reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort and that reflects current conditions and 
forecasts of future economic conditions. 

The Group measures the expected losses  both individually and collectively. The purpose of the Group's individual measurement is to 
estimate expected losses for significant impaired instruments, or instruments classified in Stage 2. In these cases, the amount of credit 
losses is calculated as the difference between expected discounted cash flows at the effective interest rate of the transaction and the 
carrying amount of the instrument.  

For the collective measurement of expected losses the instruments are grouped into groups of assets based on their risk characteristics. 
Exposure within each group is segmented according to the common credit risk characteristics, similar characteristics of the credit risk, 
indicative of the payment capacity of the borrower in accordance with their contractual conditions. These risk characteristics have to be 
relevant in estimating the future flows of each group. The characteristics of credit risk may consider, among others, the following factors: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

  Type of instrument. 

  Rating or scoring tools. 

  Credit risk scoring or rating. 

  Type of collateral. 

  Amount of time at default for stage 3. 

  Segment. 

  Qualitative criteria which can have a significant increase in risk. 

  Collateral value if it has an impact on the probability of a default event. 

The estimated losses are derived from the following parameters: 

  PD: estimate of the probability of default in each period. 

EAD: estimate of the exposure in case of default at each future period, taking into account the changes in exposure after the 
presentation date of the financial statements.  

LGD: estimate of the loss in case of default, calculated as the difference between the contractual cash flows and receivables, 
including guarantees.  

In the case of debt securities, the Group supervises the changes in credit risk through monitoring the external published credit ratings. 

To determine whether there is a significant increase in credit risk that is not reflected in the published ratings, the Group also monitors the 
changes in bond yields, and when they are available, the prices of CDS, together with the news and regulatory information available on the 
issuers. 

Use of present, past and future information 

IFRS 9 requires incorporation of present, past and future information to detect any significant increase in risk and measure expected loss. 

The standard does not require identification of all possible scenarios for measuring expected loss. However, the probability of a loss event 
occurring and the probability it will not occur have to be considered, even though the possibility of a loss may be very low. Also, when there 
is no linear relation between the different future economic scenarios and their associated expected losses, more than one future economic 
scenario must be used for the measurement.  

The approach used by the Group consists of using first the most probable scenario (baseline scenario) consistent with that used in the 
Group's internal management processes, and then applying an additional adjustment, calculated by considering the weighted average of 
expected losses in other economic scenarios (one more positive and the other more negative). The main macroeconomic variables that 
are valued in each of the scenarios for each of the geographies in which the Group operates are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), interest 
rates, unemployment rate and price of real estate properties. 

2.2.2  Transfers and derecognition of financial assets and liabilities  

The accounting treatment of transfers of financial assets is determined by the form in which risks and benefits associated with the financial 
assets involved are transferred to third parties. Thus the financial assets are only derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet when 
the cash flows that they generate are extinguished, when  their implicit risks and benefits  have been substantially transferred to third 
parties or when the control of financial asset is transferred even in case of no physical transfer or substantial retention of such assets. In 
the latter case, the financial asset transferred is derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet, and any right or obligation retained 
or created as a result of the transfer is simultaneously recognized. 

Similarly, financial liabilities are derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet only if their obligations are extinguished or acquired 
(with a view to subsequent cancellation or renewed placement). 

The Group is considered to have transferred substantially all the risks and benefits if such risks and benefits account for the majority of 
the risks and benefits involved in ownership of the transferred financial assets. If substantially all the risks and benefits associated with the 
transferred financial asset are retained: 

The transferred financial asset is not derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet and continues to be measured using 
the same criteria as those used before the transfer. 

A financial liability is recognized at the amount equal to the amount received, which is subsequently measured at amortized cost 
or fair value with changes in the income statement, whichever the case. 

Both  the  income  generated  on  the  transferred  (but  not  derecognized)  financial  asset  and  the  expense  of  the  new  financial 
liability continue to be recognized. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Treatment of securitizations 

The securitizations to which the Group entities transfer their credit portfolios are consolidated entities of the Group. For more information, 
refer to Note 2.1 “Principles of consolidation”. 

The Group considers that the risks and benefits of the securitizations are substantially retained if the subordinated bonds are held and/ 
or if subordination funding has been granted to those securitization funds, which means that the credit loss risk of the securitized assets 
will be assumed. Consequently, the Group is not derecognizing those transferred loan portfolios. 

On the other hand, the Group has carried out synthetic securitizations, which are transactions where risk is transferred through derivatives 
or financial guarantees and in which the exposure of these securitizations remains in the balance sheet of  the Group. The Group has 
established the synthetic securitizations through received financial guarantees. As for the commissions paid, they are accrued during the 
term of the financial guarantee. 

2.2.3 

Financial guarantees 

Financial guarantees are considered to be those contracts that require their issuer to make specific payments to reimburse the holder of 
the financial guarantee for a loss incurred when a specific borrower breaches its payment obligations on the terms – whether original or 
subsequently modified – of a debt instrument, irrespective of the legal form it may take. Financial guarantees may take the form of a 
deposit, bank guarantee, insurance contract or credit derivative, among others. 

In their initial recognition, financial guarantees are recognized as liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, which is generally 
the  present  value  of  the  fees,  commissions  and  interest  receivable  from  these  contracts  over  the  term  thereof,  and  the  Group 
simultaneously recognizes a corresponding asset in the consolidated balance sheet for the amount of the fees and commissions received 
at the inception of the transactions and the amounts receivable at the present value of the fees, commissions and interest outstanding. 

Financial guarantees, irrespective of the guarantor, instrumentation or other circumstances, are reviewed periodically so as to determine 
the  credit  risk  to  which  they  are  exposed  and,  if  appropriate,  to  consider  whether  a  provision  is  required  for  them.  The  credit  risk  is 
determined  by  application  of  criteria  similar  to  those  established  for  quantifying  loss  allowances  on  debt  instruments  measured  at 
amortized cost (see Note 2.2.1). 

The provisions recognized for financial guarantees are recognized under the heading “Provisions - Provisions for contingent risks and 
commitments” on the liability side in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 24). These provisions are recognized and reversed with 
a charge or credit, respectively to “Provisions or reversal of provision” in the consolidated income statements (see Note 46). 

Income from financial guarantees is recorded under the heading “Fee and commission income” in the consolidated income statement 
and is calculated by applying the rate established in the related contract to the nominal amount of the guarantee (see Note 40). 

Synthetic securitizations made by the Group to date meet the requirements of the accounting regulations for accounting as guarantees. 
Consideration as a financial guarantee means recognition of the commission paid for it over the period. 

2.2.4  Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale and liabilities included in disposal groups 
classified as held for sale     

The headings “Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale” and “Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as 
held for sale” in the consolidated balance sheet include the carrying amount of assets that are not part of the BBVA Group’s operating 
activities. The recovery of this carrying amount is expected to take place through the price obtained on its disposal (see Note 21). 

These headings include individual items and groups of items (“disposal groups”) and disposal groups that form part of a major operating 
segment and are being held for sale as part of a disposal plan (“discontinued operations”). The heading “Non-current assets and disposal 
groups classified as held for sale” include the assets received by the subsidiaries from their debtors, in full or partial settlement of the 
debtors’ payment obligations (assets foreclosed or received in payment of debt and recovery of lease finance transactions), unless the 
Group has decided to make continued use of these assets. The BBVA Group has units that specialize in real estate management and the 
sale of this type of asset. 

Symmetrically, the heading “Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale” in the consolidated balance sheet reflects 
the balances payable arising from disposal groups and discontinued operations.  

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are generally measured, at the acquisition date and at any later date 
deemed necessary, at either their carrying amount or the fair value of the property (less costs to sell), whichever is lower. 

In the case of real estate assets foreclosed or received in payment of debts, they are initially recognized at the lower of: the restated 
carrying amount of the financial asset and the fair value at the time of the foreclosure or receipt of the asset less estimated sales costs. 
The carrying amount of the financial asset is updated at the time  of the foreclosure, treating  the real property received as a secured 
collateral and taking into account the credit risk coverage that would correspond to it according to its classification prior to the delivery. 
For these purposes, the collateral will be valued at its current fair value (less sale costs) at the time of foreclosure. This carrying amount 

 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

will be compared with the previous carrying amount and the difference will be recognized as a provision increase, if applicable. On the 
other hand, the fair value of the foreclosed asset is obtained by appraisal, evaluating the need to apply a discount on the asset derived 
from the specific conditions of the asset or the market situation for these assets, and in any case, deducting the company’s estimated 
sale costs. 

At the time of the initial recognition, these real estate assets foreclosed or received in payment of debts, classified as “Non-current assets 
and disposal groups classified as held for sale” and “Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale” are valued at the 
lower  of:  their  restated  fair  value  less  estimated  sale  costs  and  their  carrying  amount;  a  deterioration  or  impairment  reversal  can  be 
recognized for the difference if applicable. 

Non-current  assets  and  disposal  groups  held  for  sale  groups  classified  as  held  for  sale  are  not  depreciated  while  included  under  the 
heading “Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale”. 

Fair  value  of  non-current  assets  held  for  sale  from  foreclosures  or  recoveries  is  based,  mainly,  in  appraisals  or  valuations  made  by 
independent experts on an annual basis or more frequently, should there be indicators of impairment.  

Gains and losses generated on the disposal of assets and liabilities classified as non-current held for sale, and liabilities included in disposal 
groups  classified  as  held  for  sale  as  well  as  impairment  losses  and,  where  pertinent,  the  related  recoveries,  are  recognized  in  “Gains 
(losses)  from  non-current  assets  and  disposal  groups  classified  as  held  for  sale  not  qualifying  as  discontinued  operations”  in  the 
consolidated income statement (see Note 50). The remaining income and expense items associated with these assets and liabilities are 
classified within the relevant consolidated income statement headings. 

Income and expense for discontinued operations, whatever their nature, generated during the year, even if they have occurred before 
their classification as discontinued operations, are presented net of the tax effect as a single amount under the heading “Profit (loss) after 
tax from discontinued operations” in the consolidated income statement, whether the business remains on the consolidated balance 
sheet or is derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet. As long as an asset remains in this category, it will not be amortized. This 
heading includes the earnings from their sale or other disposal. 

2.2.5  Tangible assets 

Property, plant and equipment for own use 

This heading includes the assets under ownership or acquired under lease terms (right to use), intended for future or current use by the 
BBVA Group and that it expects to hold for more than one year. It also includes tangible assets received by the consolidated entities in full 
or partial settlement of financial assets representing receivables from third parties which are expected to be held for continuing use. 

For more information regarding the accounting treatment of right to use assets under lease terms, see Note 2.2.19 "Leases". 

Property, plant and equipment for own use are presented in the consolidated balance sheets at acquisition cost, less any accumulated 
depreciation and, where appropriate, any estimated impairment losses resulting from comparing this net carrying amount of each item 
with its corresponding recoverable amount (see Note 17). 

Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method, during the useful life of the asset, on the basis of the acquisition cost of the 
assets less their residual value; the land is considered to have an indefinite life and is therefore not depreciated. 

The  tangible  asset  depreciation  charges  are  recognized  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income  statements  under  the  heading 
"Depreciation and Amortization" (see Note 45) and are based on the application of the following depreciation rates (determined on the 
basis of the average years of estimated useful life of the various assets): 

Depreciation rates for tangible assets 

0 
Type of assets 

Buildings for own use 
Furniture 
Fixtures 
Office supplies and hardware 

0 

Annual Percentage 

1% - 4% 
8% - 10% 
6% - 12% 
8% - 25% 

At each reporting date, the Group entities analyze whether there are internal or external indicators that a tangible asset may be impaired. 
When there is evidence of impairment, the Group analyzes whether this impairment actually exists by comparing the asset’s net carrying 
amount with its recoverable amount (defined as the higher between its recoverable amount less disposal costs and its value in use). When 
the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount, the carrying amount is written down to the recoverable amount and depreciation 
charges going forward are adjusted to reflect the asset’s remaining useful life. 

Similarly, if there is any indication that the value of a previously impaired tangible asset is now recoverable, the consolidated entities will 
estimate  the  recoverable  amounts  of  the  asset  and  recognize  it  in  the  consolidated  income  statement,  recording  the  reversal  of  the 

 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

impairment loss recognized in previous years and thus adjusting future depreciation charges. Under no circumstances may the reversal 
of an impairment loss on an asset raise its carrying amount above that which it would have if no impairment losses had been recognized 
in prior years. 

In the BBVA Group, most of the buildings held for own use are assigned to the different Cash-Generating-Units (CGU) to which they belong. 
The corresponding impairment analyses are performed for these CGUs to check whether sufficient cash flows are generated to support 
the value of the assets comprised within. 

Operating and maintenance expense relating to tangible assets held for own use are recognized as an expense in the year they are incurred 
and  recognized  in  the  consolidated  income  statements  under  the  heading  "Administration  costs  -  Other  administrative  expense  - 
Property, fixtures and materials" (see Note 44.2). 

Other assets leased out under an operating lease 

The criteria used to recognize the acquisition cost of assets leased out under operating leases, to calculate their depreciation and their 
respective estimated useful lives and to recognize the impairment losses on them, are the same as those described in relation to tangible 
assets for own use. 

Investment properties 

The heading “Tangible assets - Investment properties” in the consolidated balance sheets reflects the net values (purchase cost minus 
the corresponding accumulated depreciation and, if appropriate, estimated impairment losses) of the land, buildings and other structures 
that are held either to earn rentals or for capital appreciation through sale and that are neither expected to be sold off in the ordinary 
course of business nor are destined for own use (see Note 17). 

The criteria used to recognize the acquisition cost of investment properties, calculate their depreciation and their respective estimated 
useful lives and recognize the impairment losses on them, are the same as those described in relation to tangible assets held for own use. 

The BBVA Group determines periodically the fair value of its investment properties in such a way that, at the end of the financial year, the 
fair value reflects the market conditions of investment property assets’ market at such date. This fair value will be determined taking as 
references the valuations performed by independent experts. 

2.2.6 

Inventories 

The  balance  under  the  heading  “Other  assets  -  Inventories”  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  mainly  includes  the  land  and  other 
properties that the BBVA Group’s real estate entities hold for development and sale as part of their real estate development activities (see 
Note 20). 

The  cost  of  inventories  includes  those  costs  incurred  in  their  acquisition  and  development,  as  well  as  other  direct  and  indirect  costs 
incurred in getting them to their current condition and location. 

In the case of the cost of real estate assets accounted for as inventories, the cost is comprised of: the acquisition cost of the land, the cost 
of  urban  planning  and  construction,  non-recoverable  taxes  and  costs  corresponding  to  construction  supervision,  coordination  and 
management. Financing cost incurred during the year form part of cost, provided that the inventories require more than a year to be in a 
condition to be sold. 

Properties  purchased  from  customers  in  distress,  which  the  Group  manages  for  sale,  are  measured  at  the  acquisition  date  and  any 
subsequent  time,  at  either  their  related  carrying  amount  or  the  net  realizable  value  of  the  property,  whichever  is  lower.  The  carrying 
amount at acquisition date of these properties is defined as the balance pending collection on those assets that originated said purchases 
(net of provisions). 

Impairment 

The amount of any subsequent adjustment due to inventory valuation for reasons such as damage, obsolescence, reduction in sale price 
to its net realizable value, as well as losses for other reasons and, if appropriate, subsequent recoveries of value up to the limit of the initial 
cost  value,  are  recognized  under  the  heading  "Impairment  or  reversal  of  impairment  on  non-financial  assets”  in  the  accompanying 
consolidated income statements for the year in which they are incurred (see Note 48). 

In the case of the above mentioned real-estate assets, if the net realizable value is lower than the carrying amount of the loan recognized 
in the consolidated balance sheet, a loss is recognized under the heading "Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets" 
in  the  consolidated  income  statement  for  the  year.  In  the  case  of  real-estate  assets  accounted  for  as  inventories,  the  BBVA  Group’s 
criterion for determining their net realizable value is mainly based on independent appraisals no more than one year old, or less if there 
are indications of impairment. 

 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Inventory sales 

In  sale  transactions,  the  carrying  amount  of  inventories  is  derecognized  from  the  consolidated  balance  sheet  and  recognized  as  an 
expense under the income statement heading "Other operating expense – Change in inventories” in the year in which the income from its 
sale is recognized. This income is recognized under the heading “Other operating income – Gains from sales of non-financial services” in 
the consolidated income statements (see Note 42). 

2.2.7  Business combinations 

A business combination is a transaction, or any other deal, by which the Group obtains control of one or more businesses. It is accounted 
for by applying the “acquisition method”. 

According to this method, the acquirer has to recognize the assets acquired and the liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed, including 
those that the acquired entity had not recognized in the accounts. The method involves the measurement of the consideration received 
for the business combination and its allocation to the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities measured according to their fair value, at 
the purchase date, as well as the recognition of any non-controlling participation (minority interests) that may arise from the transaction. 

In  a  business  combination  achieved  in  stages,  the  acquirer  shall  measure  its  previously  held  equity  interest  in  the  acquiree  at  its 
acquisition-date  fair  value  and  recognize  the  resulting  gain  or  loss,  if  any,  in  profit  or  loss  under  the  heading  “Gains  (losses)  on 
derecognition of non-financial assets and subsidiaries, net” of the consolidated income statements. In prior reporting periods, the acquirer 
may have recognized changes in the value of its equity interest in the acquiree in other comprehensive income. If so, the amount that was 
recognized in other  comprehensive income shall  be recognized on the same basis as would be required if the acquirer had disposed 
directly of the previously held equity interest. 

In addition, the acquirer shall recognize an asset in the consolidated balance sheet under the heading “Intangible asset - Goodwill” if on the 
acquisition date there is a positive difference between: 

the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of all the non-controlling interests and the fair value of stock previously 
held in the acquired business; and  

the net fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. 

If this difference is negative, it shall be recognized directly in the income statement under the heading “Negative goodwill recognized in 
profit or loss”. 

Non-controlling interests in the acquired entity may be measured in two ways: either at their fair value; or at the proportional percentage 
of net assets identified in the acquired entity. The method of valuing non-controlling interest may be elected in each business combination. 
BBVA Group has always elected for the second method. 

2.2.8 

Intangible assets 

Goodwill 

Goodwill represents a portion of consideration transferred in advance by the acquiring entity for the future economic benefits from assets 
that cannot be individually identified and separately recognized. Goodwill is never amortized. It is subject periodically to an impairment 
analysis, and is written off if there has been impairment (see Note 18). 

Goodwill is assigned to one or more CGUs that expect to be the beneficiaries of the synergies derived from the business combinations. 
The CGUs represent the Group’s smallest identifiable asset groups that generate cash flows for the Group and that are largely independent 
of the flows generated from the Group’s other assets or groups of assets. Each unit or units to which goodwill is allocated: 

Is the lowest level at which the entity manages goodwill internally. 

Is not larger than an operating segment. 

The cash generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for impairment (including the allocated goodwill in their carrying 
amount). This analysis is performed at least annually or more frequently if there is any indication of impairment. 

For the purpose of determining  the impairment of a  cash-generating unit to which a part of goodwill has been allocated, the carrying 
amount of that cash-generating unit, adjusted by the theoretical amount of the goodwill attributable to the non-controlling interests, in the 
event they are not valued at fair value, is compared with its recoverable amount.  

The recoverable amount of a cash-generating unit is equal to the fair value less sale costs or its value in use, whichever is greater. Value in 
use is calculated as the discounted value of the cash flow projections that the unit’s management estimates and is based on the latest 
budgets approved for the coming years. The main assumptions used in its calculation are: a sustainable growth rate to extrapolate the 
cash flows indefinitely, and the discount rate used to discount the cash flows, which is equal to the cost of the capital assigned to each 
cash-generating  unit,  and  equivalent  to  the  sum  of  the  risk-free  rate  plus  a  risk  premium  inherent  to  the  cash-generating  unit  being 
evaluated for impairment. 

 
 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

If the carrying amount of the cash-generating unit exceeds the related recoverable amount, the Group recognizes an impairment loss; the 
resulting loss is apportioned by reducing, first, the carrying amount of the goodwill allocated to that unit and, second, if there are still 
impairment losses remaining to be recognized, the carrying amount of the remainder of the assets. This is done by allocating the remaining 
loss in proportion to the carrying amount of each of the assets in the unit. In the event the non-controlling interests are measured at fair 
value, the deterioration of goodwill attributable to non-controlling interests will be recognized. In any case, an impairment loss recognized 
for goodwill shall not be reversed in a subsequent period. 

Goodwill impairment losses are recognized under the heading "Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets – Intangible 
assets” in the consolidated income statements (see Note 48). 

Other intangible assets 

These assets may have an indefinite useful life if, based on an analysis of all relevant factors, it is concluded that there is no foreseeable 
limit to the period over which the asset is expected to generate net cash flows for the consolidated entities. In all other cases they have a 
finite useful life (see Note 18). 

Intangible assets with a finite useful life are amortized according to the duration of this useful life, using methods similar to those used to 
depreciate tangible assets. The defined useful life intangible asset is made up mainly of IT applications acquisition costs which have a 
useful life of 3 to 5 years. The amortization charge of these assets is recognized in the accompanying consolidated income statements 
under the heading "Depreciation and amortization" (see Note 45). 

The consolidated entities recognize any impairment losses on the carrying amount of these assets with charge to the heading “Impairment 
or reversal of impairment on non - financial assets- Intangible assets” in the accompanying consolidated income statements (see Note 
48).  The  criteria  used  to  recognize  the  impairment  losses  on  these  assets  and,  where  applicable,  the  recovery  of  impairment  losses 
recognized in prior years, are similar to those used for tangible assets. 

2.2.9 

Insurance and reinsurance contracts 

The assets and liabilities of the BBVA Group’s insurance subsidiaries are recognized according to their nature under the corresponding 
headings of the consolidated balance sheets, and the initial recognition and valuation is carried out according to the criteria set out in IFRS 
4. 

The  heading  “Insurance  and  reinsurance  assets”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  includes  the  amounts  that  the 
consolidated insurance subsidiaries are entitled to receive under the reinsurance contracts entered into by them with third parties and, 
more specifically, the reinsurer´s share of the technical provisions recognized by the consolidated insurance subsidiaries. 

The  heading  “Liabilities  under  insurance  and  reinsurance  contracts”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  includes  the 
technical provisions for direct insurance and inward reinsurance recognized by the consolidated insurance subsidiaries to cover claims 
arising from insurance contracts open at period-end (see Note 23). 

The income or expense reported by the BBVA Group’s consolidated insurance subsidiaries on their insurance activities is recognized, in 
accordance with their nature, in the corresponding items of the consolidated income statements. 

The consolidated insurance entities of the BBVA Group recognize the amounts of the premiums written and a charge for the estimated 
cost of the claims that will be incurred at their final settlement to their consolidated income statements. At the close of each year the 
amounts collected and unearned, as well as the costs incurred and unpaid, are accrued. 

The most significant provisions recorded by consolidated insurance entities with respect to insurance policies issued by them are set out 
by their nature in Note 23. 

According to the type of product, the provisions may be as follows: 

Life insurance provisions: 

Represents the value of the net obligations undertaken with the life insurance policyholder. These provisions include: 

• 

Provisions for unearned premiums. These are intended for the accrual, at the date of calculation, of the premiums written. 
Their balance reflects the portion of the premiums received until the closing date that has to be allocated to the period from 
year-end to the end of the insurance policy period.  

•  Mathematical reserves: Represents the value of the life insurance obligations of the insurance entities at year-end, net of 

the policyholder’s obligations, arising from life insurance contracted. 

Non-life insurance provisions: 

• 

Provisions  for  unearned  premiums.  These  provisions  are  intended  for  the  accrual,  at  the  date  of  calculation,  of  the 
premiums  written.  Their  balance  reflects  the  portion  of  the  premiums  received  until  the  closing  date  that  has  to  be 
allocated to the period between the year-end and the end of the policy period. 

 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

• 

Provisions for unexpired risks: The provision for unexpired risks supplements the provision for unearned premiums by 
the  amount  by  which  that  provision  is  not  sufficient  to  reflect  the  assessed  risks  and  expenses  to  be  covered  by  the 
consolidated insurance subsidiaries in the policy period not elapsed at year-end. 

Provision for claims: 

This  reflects  the  total  amount  of  the  outstanding  obligations  arising  from  claims  incurred  prior  to  year-end.  Insurance 
subsidiaries calculate this provision as the difference between the total estimated or certain cost of the claims not yet reported, 
settled or paid, and the total amounts already paid in relation to these claims.  

Provision for bonuses and rebates: 

This provision includes the amount of the bonuses accruing to policyholders, insurees or beneficiaries and the premiums to be 
returned to policyholders or insurees, as the case may be, based on the behavior of the risk insured, to the extent that such 
amounts have not been individually assigned to each of them. 

Technical provisions for reinsurance ceded: 

Calculated by applying the criteria indicated above for direct insurance, taking account of the assignment conditions established 
in the open reinsurance contracts. 

Other technical provisions: 

Insurance entities have recognized provisions to cover the probable mismatches in the market reinvestment interest rates with 
respect to those used in the valuation of the technical provisions. 

The BBVA Group controls and monitors the exposure of the insurance subsidiaries to financial risk and, to this end, uses internal methods 
and tools that enable it to measure credit risk and market risk and to establish the limits for these risks. 

2.2.10  Tax assets and liabilities 

Expenses on corporate income tax applicable to the BBVA Group’s Spanish entities and on similar income taxes applicable to consolidated 
foreign entities are recognized in the consolidated income statement, except when they result from transactions on which the profits or 
losses are recognized directly in equity, in which case the related tax effect is also recognized in equity.  

The total corporate income tax expense is calculated by aggregating the current tax arising from the application of the corresponding tax 
rate as per the tax base for the year (after deducting the tax credits or discounts allowable for tax purposes) and the change in deferred 
tax assets and liabilities recognized in the consolidated income statement. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities include temporary differences, defined as the amounts to be payable or recoverable in future years 
arising from the differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their tax bases (the “tax value”), and tax loss and 
tax  credit  or  discount  carry  forwards.  These  amounts  are  registered  by  applying  to  each  temporary  difference  the  tax  rates  that  are 
expected to apply when the asset is realized or the liability settled (see Note 19). 

The "Tax Assets" line item in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets includes the amount of all the assets of a tax nature, broken 
down into: "Current” (amounts of tax recoverable in the next twelve months) and "Deferred" (which includes the amount of tax to be 
recovered in future years, including those arising from tax losses or credits for deductions or rebates that can be compensated). The "Tax 
Liabilities" line item in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets includes the amount of all the liabilities of a tax nature, except for 
provisions for taxes, broken down into: "Current” (income tax payable on taxable profit for the year and other taxes payable in the next 
twelve months) and "Deferred" (the amount of corporate tax payable in subsequent years). 

Deferred  tax  liabilities  attributable  to  taxable  temporary  differences  associated  with  investments  in  subsidiaries,  associates  or  joint 
venture entities are recognized as such, except where the Group can control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it 
is unlikely that it will reverse in the future. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that the consolidated entities 
will generate enough taxable profits to make deferred tax assets effective and do not correspond to those from initial recognition (except 
in the case of business combinations), which also does not affect the fiscal outcome. 

The  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  recognized  are  reassessed  by  the  consolidated  entities  at  each  balance  sheet  date  in  order  to 
ascertain whether they still qualify as deferred tax assets and liabilities, and the appropriate adjustments are made on the basis of the 
findings of the analyses performed. In those circumstances in which it is unclear how a specific requirement of the tax law applies to a 
particular transaction or circumstance, and the acceptability of the definitive tax treatment depends on the decisions taken by the relevant 
taxation authority in future, the entity recognizes current and deferred tax liabilities and assets considering whether it is probable or not 
that  a  taxation  authority  will  accept  an  uncertain  tax  treatment.  Thus,  if  the  entity  concludes  that  it  is  not  probable  that  the  taxation 
authority  will  accept  an  uncertain  tax  treatment,  the  entity  uses  the  amount  expected  to  be  paid  to  (recovered  from)  the  taxation 
authorities. 

 
 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The income and expense directly recognized in consolidated equity that do not increase or decrease taxable income are accounted for as 
temporary differences. 

2.2.11  Provisions, contingent assets and contingent liabilities 

The heading “Provisions” in the consolidated balance sheets includes amounts recognized to cover the BBVA Group’s current obligations 
arising as a result of past events. These are certain in terms of nature but uncertain in terms of amount and/or settlement date. The 
settlement  of  these  obligations  is  deemed  likely  to  entail  an  outflow  of  resources  embodying  economic  benefits  (see  Note  24).  The 
obligations may arise in connection with legal or contractual provisions, valid expectations formed by Group entities relative to third parties 
in relation to the assumption of certain responsibilities or through virtually certain developments of particular aspects of the regulations 
applicable to the operation of the entities; and, specifically, future legislation to which the Group will certainly be subject. The provisions 
are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets when each and every one of the following requirements is met: 

They represent a current obligation that has arisen from a past event. At the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements, 
there is more probability that the obligation will have to be met than that it will not. 

It is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. 

The amount of the obligation can be reasonably estimated. 

Among other items, these provisions include the commitments made to employees by some of the Group entities mentioned in Note 
2.2.12, as well as provisions for tax and legal litigation. 

Contingent assets are possible assets that arise from past events and whose existence is conditional on, and will be confirmed only by, 
the occurrence or non-occurrence of events beyond the control of the Group. Contingent assets are not recognized in the consolidated 
balance sheet or in the consolidated income statement; however, they will be disclosed, should they exist, in the Notes to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements, provided that it is probable will give rise to an increase in resources embodying economic benefits. 

Contingent  liabilities  are  possible  obligations  of  the  Group  that  arise  from  past  events  and  whose  existence  is  conditional  on  the 
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events beyond the control of the Group. They also include the existing obligations of 
the Group when it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle them; or when, in 
extremely rare cases, their amount cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.  

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the consolidated balance sheet or the income statement (excluding contingent liabilities from 
business combination) but are disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, unless the possibility of an outflow of 
resources embodying economic benefits is remote. 

2.2.12  Pensions and other post-employment commitments  

Below  we  provide  a  description  of  the  most  significant  accounting  policies  relating  to  post-employment  and  other  employee  benefit 
commitments assumed by BBVA Group entities (see Note 25). 

Short-term employee benefits 

Benefits for current active employees which are accrued and settled during the year and for which a provision is not required in the entity´s 
accounts. These include wages and salaries, social security charges and other personnel expense. 

Costs  are  charged  and  recognized  under  the  heading  “Administration  costs  –  Personnel  expense –  Other  personnel  expense”  of  the 
consolidated income statement (see Note 44.1). 

Post-employment benefits – Defined-contribution plans 

The Group sponsors defined-contribution plans for the majority of its active employees. The amount of these benefits is established as a 
percentage of remuneration and/or as a fixed amount. 

The  contributions  made  to  these  plans  in  each  year  by  BBVA  Group  entities  are  charged  and  recognized  under  the  heading 
“Administration costs – Personnel expense– Defined-contribution plan expense” of the consolidated income statement (see Note 44.1).  

Post-employment benefits – Defined-benefit plans 

Some Group entities maintain pension commitments with employees who have already retired or taken early retirement, certain closed 
groups of active employees still accruing defined benefit pensions, and in-service death and disability benefits provided to most active 
employees. These commitments are covered by insurance contracts, pension funds and internal provisions. 

In  addition,  some  of  the  Spanish  entities  have  offered  certain  employees  the  option  to  retire  before  their  normal  retirement  age, 
recognizing the necessary provisions to cover the costs of the associated benefit commitments, which include both the liability for the 
benefit payments due as well as the contributions payable to external pension funds during the early retirement period. 

 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Furthermore, certain Group entities provide welfare and medical benefits which extend beyond the date of retirement of the employees 
entitled to the benefits. 

All  of  these  commitments  are  quantified  based  on  actuarial  valuations,  with  the  amounts  recorded  under  the  heading  “Provisions  – 
Provisions for pensions and similar obligations” in the consolidated balance sheet and determined as the difference between the value of 
the defined-benefit commitments and the fair value of plan assets at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements (see Note 25). 

Current service cost is charged and recognized under the heading “Administration costs – Personnel expense – Defined-benefit plan 
expense” of the consolidated income statement (see Note 44.1). 

Interest credits/charges relating to these commitments are charged and recognized under the headings “Interest and other income” and 
“Interest expense” of the consolidated income statement (see Note 37). 

Past service costs arising from benefit plan changes as well as early retirements granted during the year are recognized under the heading 
“Provisions or reversals of provisions” of the consolidated income statement (see Note 46). 

Other long-term employee benefits 

In addition to the above commitments, certain Group entities provide long-term service awards to their employees, consisting of monetary 
amounts or periods of vacation granted upon completion of a number of years of qualifying service. 

These commitments are quantified based on actuarial valuations and the amounts recorded under the heading “Provisions – Other long-
term employee benefits” of the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 24). 

Valuation of commitments: actuarial assumptions and recognition of gains/losses 

The present value of these commitments is determined based on individual member data. Active employee costs are determined using 
the “projected unit credit” method, which treats each period of service as giving rise to an additional unit of benefit and values each unit 
separately. 

In establishing the actuarial assumptions we take into account that: 

They should be unbiased, i.e. neither unduly optimistic nor excessively conservative. 

Each assumption does not contradict the others and adequately reflect the existing relationship between economic variables 
such as price inflation, expected wage increases, discount rates and the expected return on plan assets, etc. Future wage and 
benefit levels should be based on market expectations, at the balance sheet date, for the period over which the obligations are 
to be settled. 

The interest rate used to discount benefit commitments is determined by reference to market yields, at the balance sheet date, 
on high quality bonds. 

The BBVA Group recognizes actuarial gains/losses relating to early retirement benefits, long service awards and other similar items under 
the heading “Provisions or reversal of provisions” of the consolidated income statement for the period in which they arise (see Note 46). 
Actuarial gains/losses relating to pension and medical benefits are directly charged and recognized under the heading "Accumulated 
other comprehensive income – Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss – Actuarial gains or losses on defined benefit pension 
plans" of equity in the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 30). 

2.2.13  Equity-settled share-based payment transactions 

Equity –settled share-based payment transactions, provided they constitute the delivery of such equity instruments once completion of 
a specific period of services has occurred, are recognized as an expense for services being provided by employees, by way of a balancing 
entry  under  the  heading  “Shareholders’  funds  –  Other  equity  instruments”  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheet.  These  services  are 
measured at fair value for the employees services received, unless such fair value cannot be calculated reliably. In such case, they are 
measured by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments granted, taking into account the date on which the commitments were 
granted and the terms and other conditions included in the commitments. 

When the initial compensation agreement includes what may be considered market conditions among its terms, any changes in these 
conditions will not be reflected in the consolidated income statement, as these have already been accounted for in calculating the initial 
fair value of the equity instruments. Non-market vesting conditions are not taken into account when estimating the initial fair value of 
equity  instruments,  but  they  are  taken  into  account  when  determining  the  number  of  equity  instruments  to  be  issued.  This  will  be 
recognized on the consolidated income statement with the corresponding increase in total consolidated equity. 

2.2.14  Termination benefits 

Termination benefits are recognized in the financial statements when the BBVA Group agrees to terminate employment contracts with 
its employees and has established a detailed plan.  

 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

2.2.15  Treasury shares 

The value of common stock issued by the BBVA Group’s entities and held by them - basically, shares and derivatives on the Bank’s shares 
held  by  some  consolidated  entities  that  comply  with  the  requirements  to  be  recognized  as  equity  instruments  -  are  recognized  as  a 
decrease to net equity, under the heading "Shareholders’ funds - Treasury stock" in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 29). 

These financial assets are recognized at acquisition cost, and the gains or losses  arising on their disposal are credited or debited, as 
appropriate, to the heading “Shareholders’ funds - Retained earnings” in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 28). 

2.2.16  Foreign-currency transactions and exchange differences 

The BBVA Group’s functional currency, and thus the currency in which the Consolidated Financial Statements are presented, is the euro. 
As such, all balances and transactions denominated in currencies other than the euro are deemed to be denominated in “foreign currency”. 

Conversion to euros of the balances held in foreign currency is performed in two consecutive stages: 

Conversion of the foreign currency to the entity’s functional currency (currency of the main economic environment in which the 
entity operates); and 

Conversion to euros of the balances held in the functional currencies of the entities whose functional currency is not the euro. 

Conversion of the foreign currency to the entity’s functional currency 

Transactions  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  carried  out  by  the  consolidated  entities  (or  entities  accounted  for  using  the  equity 
method)  are  initially  accounted  for  in  their  respective  currencies.  Subsequently,  the  monetary  balances  in  foreign  currencies  are 
converted to their respective functional currencies using the exchange rate at the close of the financial year. In addition, 

Non-monetary items valued at their historical cost are converted to the functional currency at the exchange rate applicable on 
the purchase date. 

Non-monetary items valued at their fair value are converted at the exchange rate in force on the date on which such fair value 
was determined. 

  Monetary items are converted to the functional currency at the closing exchange rate. 

Income and expense are converted at the period’s average exchange rates for all the operations carried out during the year. 
When applying this criterion the BBVA Group considers whether significant variations have taken place in exchange rates during 
the year which, owing to their impact on the statements as a whole, may require the application of exchange rates as of the date 
of the transaction instead of such average exchange rates. 

The  exchange  differences  produced  when  converting  the  balances  in  foreign  currency  to  the  functional  currency  of  the  consolidated 
entities are generally recognized under the heading "Exchange differences, net" in the consolidated income statements (see Note 41). 
However, the exchange differences in non-monetary items measured at fair value are recorded to equity under the heading “Accumulated 
other comprehensive income or loss - Items not subject to reclassification to income statement - Fair value changes of equity instruments 
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income” in the consolidated balance sheets (see Note 30). 

Conversion of functional currencies to euros 

The balances in the financial statements of consolidated entities whose functional currency is not the euro are converted to euros as 
follows: 

Assets and liabilities: at the closing spot exchange rates as of the date of each of the consolidated balance sheets. 

Income and expense and cash flows are converted by applying the exchange rate applicable on the date of the transaction, and 
the average exchange rate for the financial year may be used, unless it has undergone significant variations during the year. 

Equity items: at the historical exchange rates.  

The exchange differences arising from the conversion to euros of balances in the functional currencies of the consolidated entities whose 
functional currency is not the euro are recognized under the heading “Accumulated other comprehensive income – Items that may be 
reclassified to profit or loss - Exchange differences” in the consolidated balance sheets (Notes 30 and 31 respectively). Meanwhile, the 
differences arising from the conversion to euros of the financial statements of entities accounted for by the equity method are recognized 
under the heading “Accumulated other comprehensive income - Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss - Entities accounted for 
using the equity method" (Note 30) until the item to which they relate is derecognized, at which time they are recognized in the income 
statement. 

The  financial  statements  of  companies  of  hyperinflationary  economies  are  restated  for  the  effects  of  changes  in  prices  before  their 
conversion to euros following the provisions of IAS 29 "Financial information in hyperinflationary economies" (see Note 2.2.20). Both 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

these  adjustments  for  inflation  and  the  exchange  differences  that  arise  when  converting  the  financial  statements  of  companies  into 
hyperinflationary economies are accounted for in Reserves. 

The breakdown of the main consolidated balances in foreign currencies, with reference to the most significant foreign currencies, is set 
forth in Appendix VII. 

Venezuela 

Local financial statements of the Group subsidiaries in Venezuela are expressed in Venezuelan Bolivar, and converted into euros for the 
consolidated financial statements. Venezuela is a country with strong exchange restrictions that has different rates officially published, 
and, since December 31, 2015, the Board of Directors considers that the use of these exchanges rates for converting bolivars into euros 
in preparing  the Consolidated Financial Statements does not reflect the true picture of the financial statements of the Group and the 
financial position of the Group subsidiaries in this country. Therefore, since the year ended December 31, 2015, the exchange rate for 
converting bolivars into euros is an estimation taking into account the evolution of the estimated inflation in Venezuela.  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the impact on the financial statements that would have resulted by applying the last published 
official exchange rate instead of the exchange rate estimated by BBVA Group was not significant (see Note 2.2.20).  

2.2.17  Recognition of income and expense 

The most significant policies used by the BBVA Group to recognize its income and expense are as follows. 

Interest income and expense and similar items: 

As a general rule, interest income and expense and similar items are recognized on the basis of their period of accrual using the 
effective interest rate method.  

They shall be recognized within the consolidated income statement according to the following criteria, independently from the 
financial instruments’ portfolio which generates the income or expense: 

•

•

The interest income past-due before the initial recognition and pending to be received will form part of the gross carrying 
amount of the debt instrument. 

The interest income accrued after the initial recognition will form part of the gross carrying amount of the debt instrument
until it will be received. 

The financial fees and commissions that arise on the arrangement of loans and advances (basically origination and analysis 
fees) are deferred and recognized in the income statement over the expected life of the loan. From that amount, the transaction 
costs identified as directly attributable to the arrangement of the loans and advances will be deducted. These fees are part of 
the effective interest rate for the loans and advances.  

Once a debt instrument has been impaired, interest income is recognized applying the effective interest rate used to discount 
the estimated recoverable cash flows on the carrying amount of the asset. 

Income from dividends received: 

Dividends shall be recognized within the consolidated income statement according to the following criteria, independently from 
the financial instruments’ portfolio which generates this income: 

• When the right to receive payment has been declared before the initial recognition and when the payment is pending to be 
received, the dividends will not form part of the gross carrying amount of the equity instrument and will not be recognized 
as income. Those dividends are accounted for as financial assets separately from the net equity instrument. 

•

If the right to receive payment is received after the initial recognition, the dividends from the net equity instruments will be 
recognized within the consolidated income statement. If the dividends correspond indubitable to the profits of the issuer 
before the date of initial recognition, they will not be recognized as income but as reduction of the gross carrying amount 
of the equity instrument because it represents a partly recuperation of the investment. Amongst other circumstances, the 
generation date can be considered to be prior to the date of initial recognition if the amounts distributed by the issuer as 
from the initial recognition are higher than its profits during the same period. 

Commissions, fees and similar items: 

Income  and  expense  relating  to  commissions  and  similar  fees  are  recognized  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  using 
criteria that vary according to the nature of such items. The most significant items in this connection are: 

•

•

•

Those relating to financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss, which are recognized when 
collected/paid. 

Those arising from transactions or services that are provided over a period of time, which are recognized over the life of 
these transactions or services. 

Those relating to a singular transaction, which are recognized when this singular transaction is carried out.

Non-financial income and expense: 

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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

These are recognized for accounting purposes on an accrual basis. 

Deferred collections and payments: 

These are recognized for accounting purposes at the amount resulting from discounting the expected cash flows at market 
rates. 

2.2.18  Sales of assets and income from the provision of non-financial services 

The heading “Other operating income” in the consolidated income statements includes the proceeds of the sales of assets and income 
from the services provided by the Group entities that are not financial institutions. In the case of the Group, these entities are mainly real 
estate and service entities (see Note 42). 

2.2.19  Leases 

Effective January 1, 2019, IFRS 16 replaced IAS 17 “Leases” (see Note 2.3). The single lessee accounting model requires the lessee to 
record assets and liabilities for all lease contracts. The standard provides two exceptions to the recognition of lease assets and liabilities 
that can be applied in the case of short-term contracts and those in which the underlying assets have low value. BBVA has elected to apply 
both exceptions. A lessee is required to recognize a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying leased asset, which is 
recorded under the headings ‘‘ Tangible assets – Property plants and equipment’’ and‘‘ Tangible assets – Investment properties’’ of the 
consolidated balance sheet (see Note 17) and a lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments which is recorded under 
the heading ‘‘ Financial liabilities at amortized cost – Other financial liabilities’’ in the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 22.5). 

At the initial date of the lease, the lease liability represents the present value of all lease unpaid payments. The liabilities registered under 
this heading of the consolidated balance sheets are measured after their initial recognition at amortized cost, this being determined in 
accordance with the “effective interest rate” method. 

The right to use assets are initially recorded at cost. This cost consists of the initial measurement of the lease liability, any payment made 
before the initial date less any lease incentives received, all direct initial expenses incurred, as well as an estimate of the expenses to be 
incurred by the lessee, such as expenses related to the removal and dismantling of the underlying asset. The right to use assets recorded 
under this heading of the consolidated balance sheets are measured after their initial recognition at cost less: 

The accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment 

Any remeasurement of the lease liability. 

The interest expense on the lease liability is recorded in the consolidated income statements under the heading “Interest expense” (see 
note 37). Variable payments not included in the initial measurement of the lease liability are recorded under the heading “Administration 
costs – Other administrative expense” (see Note 44). 

Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the lifetime of the lease contract, on the basis of the cost of the assets. The 
tangible asset  depreciation  charges  are  recognized in  the  accompanying  consolidated income  statements  under  the  heading  
"Depreciation and Amortization" (see Note 45). 

In case of electing one of the exceptions in order not to recognize the corresponding right to use and the liability in the consolidated balance 
sheets, payments related to the corresponding lease are recognized in the consolidated income statements, over the contract period, 
lineally, or in the way that best represents the structure of the lease operation, under the heading "Other administrative expense” (see 
Note 44) 

Operating  lease  and  sublease  incomes  are  recognized  in  the  consolidated  income  statements  under  the  headings  “Other  operating 
income” (see Note 42). 

As a lessor, lease contracts are classified as finance leases from the inception of the transaction if they substantially transfer all the risks 
and  rewards  incidental  to  ownership  of  the  asset  forming  the  subject-matter  of  the  contract.  Leases  other  than  finance  leases  are 
classified as operating leases. 

When the consolidated entities act as the lessor of an asset under finance leases, the aggregate present values of the lease payments 
receivable from the lessee plus the guaranteed residual value (normally the exercise price of the lessee’s purchase option on expiration 
of the lease agreement) are recognized as financing provided to third parties and, therefore, are included under the heading “Loans and 
receivables” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets (see Note 14). 

When  the  consolidated  entities  act  as  lessors  of  an  asset  in  operating  leases,  the  acquisition  cost  of  the  leased  assets  is  recognized 
under  "Tangible  assets  –  Property,  plant  and  equipment  –  Other  assets  leased  out  under  an  operating  lease"  in  the  consolidated 
balance sheets (see Note 17). These assets are depreciated in line with the criteria adopted for items of tangible assets for own use, while 
the  income  arising  from  the  lease  arrangements  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  income  statements  on  a  straight-line  basis  within 
“Other operating income” and "Other operating expense" (see Note 42). 

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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

If a fair value sale and leaseback results in a lease, the profit or loss generated from the effectively transferred part of the sale is recognized 
in the consolidated income statement at the time of sale (only for the effective transmitted part).  

The assets leased out under operating lease contracts to other entities in the Group are treated in the Consolidated Financial Statements 
as for own use, and thus rental expense and income is eliminated in consolidation and the corresponding depreciation is recognized. 

2.2.20  Entities and branches located in countries with hyperinflationary economies 

In accordance with the EU-IFRS criteria, to determine whether an economy has a high inflation rate the country's economic situation is 
examined, analyzing whether certain circumstances are fulfilled, such as whether the population prefers to keep its wealth or savings in 
non-monetary assets or in a relatively stable foreign currency, whether prices can be set in that currency, whether interest rates, wages 
and prices are pegged to a price index or whether the accumulated inflation rate over three years reaches or exceeds 100%. The fact that 
any of these circumstances is fulfilled will not be a decisive factor in considering an economy hyperinflationary, but it does provide some 
reasons to consider it as such.  

Argentina 

Since 2018, the economy of Argentina has been considered hyperinflationary under the above criteria. As a result, the financial statements 
of the BBVA Group’s entities located in Argentina have therefore been adjusted to correct for the effects of inflation in accordance with 
IAS 29 “Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies“.  

During 2019 and 2018, the increase in the reserves of Group entities located in Argentina derived from the re-expression for hyperinflation 
(IAS  29)  amounts  to  €470  and  €703  million,  respectively,  of  which  €313  and  €463  million,  respectively,  have  been  recorded  within 
“Shareholders’ funds - Retained earnings” and €157 and €240 million, respectively, within “Minority interests – Other”. Furthermore, 
during 2019 and 2018 the decrease in the reserves of Group entities located in Argentina derived from the conversion (IAS 21) amounted 
to €460 and €773 million, respectively, of which €305 and €515 million, respectively, have been recorded within “Shareholders’ funds - 
Retained  earnings”,  and  €155  and  €258  million,  respectively,  within  “Minority  interests  –  Other”.  The  net  impact  of  both  effects  is 
presented under the caption “Other increases or (-) decreases in equity” in the consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the years 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. The net loss in the profit attributable to the parent company of the Group in 2019 and 2018 derived 
from the application of IAS 29 amounted to €190 and €209 million, respectively. In addition, there is a net loss in the profit attributable to 
the  parent  company  of  the  Group  in  2019  and  2018  derived  from  the  application  of  IAS  21  which  amounted  to  €34  and  €57  million, 
respectively. 

The breakdown of the General Price Index (“GPI”) and the inflation index used as of December 31, 2019 for the inflation restatement of the 
financial statements of the Group companies located in Argentina is as follows:  

General Price Index 

0 

GPI 
Average GPI 
Inflation of the period 

Venezuela 

2019 

285 
233 
55% 

Since  2009,  the  economy  of  Venezuela  has  been  considered  hyperinflationary  under  the  above  criteria.  As  a  result,  the  financial 
statements  of  the  BBVA  Group’s  entities  located  in  Venezuela  have  therefore  been  adjusted  to  correct  for  the  effects  of  inflation  in 
accordance with IAS 29 “Financial reporting in hyperinflationary economies“. 

The losses recognized under the heading “Profit attributable to the parent company” in the accompanying consolidated income statement 
as a result of the adjustment for inflation on net monetary position of the Group entities in Venezuela amounted to €8, €12 and €13 million 
in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively (see Note 2.2.16). 

2.3 

Recent IFRS pronouncements  

Standards and interpretations that became effective in 2019 

The following amendments to the IFRS standards or their interpretations (hereinafter “IFRIC”) became effective in 2019.  

IFRS 16 – “Leases” 

Effective January 1, 2019, IFRS 16 replaced IAS 17 “Leases”. The new standard introduces a single lessee accounting model and requires 
a lessee to recognize assets and  liabilities for all leases. The standard provides two exceptions to the recognition of lease assets and 
liabilities that can be applied in the case of short-term contracts and those in which the underlying assets have low value. BBVA has elected 
to apply both exceptions. A lessee is required to recognize a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying leased asset, 
which is recorded under the headings “Tangible assets – Property plants and equipment” or “Tangible assets – Investment properties” 

P.37
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

of the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 17) and a lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments which is recorded 
under the heading “Financial liabilities at amortized cost – Other financial liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 22.5). In 
the consolidated income statement, the amortization of the right to use assets is recorded in the heading “Depreciation and amortization 
– tangible asset” (see Note 45) and the financial cost associated with the lease liability is recorded in the heading “Interest expense” (see 
Note 37.2). 

With regard to lessor accounting, IFRS 16 substantially carries forward the lessor accounting requirements in IAS 17. Accordingly, a lessor 
will continue to classify its leases as operating leases or finance leases, and to account for those two types of leases differently. 

At the transition date, the Group decided to apply the modified retrospective approach which requires recognition of a lease liability equal 
to the present value of the future payments committed to as of January 1, 2019. Regarding the measurement of the right-of-use asset, the 
Group elected to record an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted for the amount of any advance or accrued lease payment related 
to that lease recognized in the balance sheet before the date of initial application.   

The Group´s lease liabilities, as a consequence of the first application of IFRS 16, correspond to the present value of the future lease 
payments obligations during the lease term (see Note 22.5). This liability on January 1, 2019 does not match with the future minimum 
payments for operating leases which had been disclosed in Note 35 of the consolidated financial statements for the year 2018 and which 
were  calculated  under  the  previous  standard  IAS  17.  The  difference  is  mainly  the  result  of  the  discount  rate  used  to  determine  the 
present  value  of  the  future  lease  payments  as  well  as  the  lease  term  which  includes  the  options  to  extend  and/or  early  terminate, 
provided  that  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  this  option  will/will  not  be  exercised.  The discount  rate  used  in  Spain,  the  geography  which 
represents the biggest part of the IFRS 16 impact was 1.67% at the moment of the first application. 

As of January 1, 2019, the Group recognized assets for the right-of-use and lease liabilities for an amount of €3,419 and €3,472 million, 
respectively. The impact in terms of capital (CET1) of the Group amounted to -11 basis points. 

IFRIC 23 – “Uncertainty over income tax treatments” 

IFRIC 23 provides guidance on how to apply the recognition and measurement requirements in IAS 12 when there is uncertainty over 
income tax treatments. 

If the entity considers that it is probable that the taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment, the Interpretation requires the 
entity to  determine  taxable  profit  (tax  loss),  tax  bases,  unused  tax  losses,  unused  tax  credits  or  tax rates  consistently  with  the  tax  
treatment used or planned to be used in its income tax filings. 

If the entity considers that it is not probable that the taxation authority will accept an uncertain tax treatment, the Interpretation requires 
the entity to use the most likely amount or the expected value (sum of the probability weighted amounts in a range of possible outcomes) 
in determining taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates. The method used should be the 
method that the entity expects to provide the better prediction of the resolution of the uncertainty. 

The  implementation  of  this  standard  as  of  January  1,  2019  has  not  had  a  significant  impact  on  the  Group’s  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Amended IAS 28 – “Long-term Interests in associates and joint ventures” 

The amendments to IAS 28 clarify that an entity is required to apply IFRS 9 to long term interests in an associate or joint venture that, in 
substance, form part of the net investment in the associate or joint venture but to which the equity method is not applied. 

The  implementation  of  this  standard  as  of  January  1,  2019  has  not  had  a  significant  impact  on  the  Group’s  consolidated  financial 
statements. 

Annual improvements cycle to IFRSs 2015-2017 

The annual improvements cycle to IFRSs 2015-2017 includes minor changes and clarifications to IFRS 3- “Business Combinations”, IFRS 
11 – “Joint Arrangements”, IAS 12 – “Income Taxes” and IAS 23 – “Borrowing Costs”. The implementation of these standards as of January 
1, 2019 has not had a significant impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements. 

Additionally, this project has introduced an amendment to IAS 12 that became effective on January 1, 2019 and meant that the tax impact 
of the  distribution  of  generated  benefits  must  be  recorded  in  the  "Tax  expense or  income  related  to  profit  or  loss  from  continuing  
operations" line of the consolidated income statement for the year. The amount derived from this amendment to IAS 12 resulted in a credit 
of €91 million in the consolidated income statement for the year 2019 (see Note 1.3). 

Amended IAS 19 – “Plan Amendment, Curtailment or Settlement” 

The minor amendments in IAS 19 concern the cases if an employee benefit plan is amended, curtailed or settled during the period. In these 
cases, an entity should ensure that the current service cost and the net interest for the period after the remeasurement are determined 

P.38 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

using  the  assumptions  used  for  the  remeasurement.  In  addition,  amendments  have  been  included  to  clarify  the  effect  of  a  plan 
amendment, curtailment or settlement on the requirements regarding the asset ceiling. 

The  implementation  of  this  standard  as  of  January  1,  2019  has  not  had  a  significant  impact  on  the  Group´s  consolidated  financial 
statements.  

Standards and interpretations issued but not yet effective as of December 31, 2019 

The  following  new  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  together  with  their  Interpretations  had  been  published  at  the  date  of 
preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements, but are not mandatory as of December 31, 2019. Although in some 
cases the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) allows early adoption before their effective date, the BBVA Group has not 
proceeded with this option for any such new standards. 

IAS 1 and IAS 8 – Definition of Material 

The amendments clarify the definition of material in the elaboration of the financial statements by aligning the definition of the conceptual 
framework, IAS 1 and IAS 8 (which, before the amendments, included similar but not identical definitions). The new definition of material 
is the following: “Information is material if omitting, misstating or obscuring it could reasonably be expected to influence decisions that 
the  primary  users  of  general  purpose  financial  statements  make  on  the  basis  of  those  financial  statements,  which  provide  financial 
information about a specific reporting entity”. 

This  Standard  will  be  applied  to  the  accounting  years  starting  on  or  after  January  1,  2020.  No significant  impact  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements is expected. 

IFRS 3 – Definition of a business 

The amendments clarify the difference between the acquisition of a business or the acquisition of a set of assets. To determine whether a 
transaction is an acquisition of a business, an entity should evaluate and conclude if the two following conditions are fulfilled: 

the fair value of the acquired assets is not concentrated in one single asset or group of similar assets. 

the  entirety  of  acquired  activities  and  assets  includes,  as  a  minimum,  an  input  and  a  substantial  process  which,  together, 
contribute to the capacity to create products. 

This  Standard  will  be  applied  to  the  accounting  years  starting  on  or  after  January  1,  2020.  No significant  impact  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements is expected. 

Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7- IBOR Reform 

The IBOR Reform (Phase 1) refers to the amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 issued by the IASB to prevent some hedge accounting 
from having to be discontinued in the period before the reform of the interest rate references takes place.  

In some cases and / or jurisdictions, there may be uncertainty about the future of some interest rate references or their impact on the 
contracts held by the entity, which directly causes uncertainty about the timing or amounts of the cash flows of the hedged instrument or 
hedging instrument. Due  to such uncertainties, some entities may be forced to  discontinue their hedge accounting, or not be able to 
designate new hedging relationships. 

For this reason, the amendments include several reliefs that apply to all hedging relationships that are affected by the uncertainty arising 
from the IBOR reform; A hedging relationship is affected by the reform if it generates uncertainty about the timing or amount of the cash 
flows of the hedged instrument or that of a hedging instrument referenced to the particular interest rate benchmark.  

Since the purpose of the modification is to provide some relief to the application of certain specific requirements of hedge accounting, 
these exceptions must end once the uncertainty will be resolved or the hedging relationship ceases to exist. 

The modifications will be applicable to the accounting years beginning on or after January 1, 2020 although early application is allowed. 
The Group has not applied these modifications in advance as of December 31, 2019 because it considers that the existing uncertainty 
does not affect its hedging relationships to the point that some had to be discontinued. Since 2020, they are not expected to have  a 
significant impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Group. 

For additional information on the IBOR Reform see section “Risk factors” of the attached consolidated Management Report.  

IFRS 17 – Insurance Contracts 

IFRS 17 establishes the principles for the accounting for insurance contracts and supersedes IFRS 4. The new standard introduces a single 
accounting model for all insurance contracts and requires the entities to use updated assumptions. 

 
 
 
 
P.39 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

An entity shall divide the contracts into groups and recognize and measure groups of insurance contracts at the total of: 

the fulfilment cash flows, that comprises the estimate of future cash flows, an adjustment to reflect the time value of money and 
the financial risk associated with the future cash flows and a risk adjustment for non-financial risk; and 

the contractual service margin that represents the unearned profit.  

The  amounts  recognized  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  shall  be  disaggregated  into  insurance  revenue,  insurance  service 
expenses and insurance finance income or expenses. Insurance revenue and insurance service expenses shall exclude any investment 
components. Insurance revenue shall be recognized over the period the entity provides insurance coverage and in proportion to the value 
of the provision of coverage that the insurer provides in the period. 

This Standard will be applied to the accounting years starting on or after January 1, 2022. During 2019, the Group has established an IFRS 
17 implementation project with the objective of harmonizing the criteria in the Group and with the participation of all the affected areas. 

3. 

BBVA Group 

The BBVA Group is an international diversified financial group with a significant presence in retail banking, wholesale banking and asset 
management. The Group also operates in the insurance sector. 

The  following  information  is  detailed  in  the  appendices  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Group  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2019: 

Appendix I shows relevant information related to the consolidated subsidiaries and structured entities. 

Appendix II shows relevant information related to investments in joint ventures and associates accounted for using the equity 
method.  

Appendix III shows the main changes and notification of investments and divestments in the BBVA Group. 

Appendix IV shows fully consolidated subsidiaries with more than 10% owned by non-Group shareholders. 

The following table sets forth information related to the Group’s total assets as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, broken down by the 
Group’s entities according to their activity: 

Contribution to Consolidated Group total assets. Entities by main activities (Millions of euros) 

Banking and other financial services 

Insurance and pension fund managing companies 

Other non-financial services 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

667,319 

29,300 

2,071 

647,164 

659,414 

26,732 

2,793 

26,134 

4,511 

698,690 

676,689 

690,059 

The total assets and results of operations broken down by operating segments are included in Note 6. 

The BBVA Group’s activities are mainly located in Spain, Mexico, South America, the United States and Turkey, with active presence in 
other countries, as shown below: 

Spain 

The Group’s activity in Spain is mainly carried out through Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. The Group also has other 
entities that mainly operate in Spain’s banking sector and insurance sector. 

  Mexico 

The BBVA Group operates in Mexico, not only in the banking sector, but also in the insurance sector through BBVA Mexico. 

South America 

The  BBVA  Group’s  activities  in  South  America  are  mainly  focused  on  the  banking,  financial  and  insurance  sectors,  in  the 
following countries: Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. It has a representative office in Sao Paulo (Brazil). 

The Group owns more than 50% of most of the entities based in these countries. Appendix I shows a list of the entities which, 
although less than 50% owned by the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019, are consolidated (see Note 2.1). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The United States 

The Group’s activity in the United States is mainly carried out through a group of entities with BBVA USA Bancshares, Inc. at 
their head, as well as through the New York BBVA, S.A. branch and a representative office in Silicon Valley (California). 

Turkey 

The Group’s activity in Turkey is mainly carried out through the Garanti BBVA Group. 

Rest of Europe 

The Group’s activity in Europe is carried out through banks and financial institutions in Switzerland, Italy, Germany, Netherlands, 
Finland and Romania, branches in Germany, Belgium, France, Italy, Portugal and the United Kingdom, and a representative 
office in Moscow. 

Asia-Pacific 

The  Group’s  activity  in  this  region  is  carried  out  through  the  Bank  branches  (in  Taipei,  Tokyo,  Hong  Kong,  Singapore  and 
Shanghai) and representative offices (in Beijing, Seoul, Mumbai, Abu Dhabi and Jakarta). 

Significant transactions in the Group in 2019 

Divestitures  

Sale of BBVA’s stake in BBVA Paraguay 

On August 7, 2019, BBVA reached an agreement with Banco GNB Paraguay, S.A., an affiliate of Grupo Financiero Gilinski, for the sale of 
its wholly-owned subsidiary Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Paraguay, S.A. (“BBVA Paraguay”).  

The  consideration  for  the  acquisition  of  BBVA  Paraguay’s  shares  amounts  to  approximately  $270  million.  The  above  mentioned 
consideration is subject to regular adjustments for these kind of transactions between the signing and closing dates of the transaction. It 
is expected that the transaction would result in a capital gain, net of taxes, calculated as of the date of this Annual Report, of approximately 
€40 million and in a positive impact on the BBVA Group’s Common Equity Tier 1 (fully loaded) of approximately 6 basis points. The closing 
of the transaction is expected during the first quarter of 2020 after obtaining regulatory authorizations from the competent authorities.  

Significant transactions in the Group in 2018 

Divestitures  

Sale of BBVA’s stake in BBVA Chile 

On November 28, 2017, BBVA received a binding offer (the “Offer”) from The Bank of Nova Scotia group (“Scotiabank”) for the acquisition 
of BBVA’s stake in Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Chile, S.A. (“BBVA Chile”) as well as in other companies of the Group in Chile with 
operations that are complementary to the banking business (amongst them, BBVA Seguros Vida, S.A.).  BBVA owned approximately, 
directly and indirectly, 68.19% of BBVA Chile share capital. On December 5, 2017, BBVA accepted the Offer and entered into a sale and 
purchase agreement and the sale was completed on July, 6, 2018.  

The consideration received in cash by BBVA as consequence of the referred sale amounted to, approximately, USD 2,200 million. The 
transaction resulted in a capital gain, net of taxes, of €633 million, which was recognized in 2018. 

Agreement for the creation of a joint-venture and transfer of the real estate business in Spain  

On  November  29,  2017,  BBVA  reached  an  agreement  with  a  subsidiary  of  Cerberus  Capital  Management,  L.P.  (“Cerberus”)  for  the 
creation of a “joint venture” to which an important part of the real estate business of BBVA in Spain is transferred (the “Business”).  

The Business comprises: (i) foreclosed real estate assets (the “REOs”), with a gross book value of approximately €13,000 million, taking 
as starting point the position of the REOs as of June 26, 2017; and (ii) the necessary assets and employees to manage the Business in an 
autonomous manner. For the purpose of the agreement with Cerberus, the whole Business was valued at approximately €5,000 million. 

On October 10, 2018, after obtaining all required authorizations, BBVA completed the transfer of the real estate business in Spain. Closing 
of the transaction has resulted in the sale of 80% of the share capital of the company Divarian Propiedad, S.A. to an entity managed by 
Cerberus. 

Divarian is the company to which the BBVA Group has contributed the Business provided that the effective transfer of several real estate 
assets  (REOs)  remains subject  to  the  fulfilment  of  certain  conditions  precedent.  The  final  price  payable  by  Cerberus  will  be  adjusted 
depending on the volume of REOs effectively contributed. 

 
 
 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The transaction did not have a significant impact on BBVA Group’s attributable profit of 2018 or the Common Equity Tier 1 (fully loaded) 
as of December 31, 2018. 

Significant transactions in the Group in 2017 

Investments 

 On  February  21,  2017,  BBVA  Group  entered  into  an  agreement  for  the  acquisition  from  Dogus  Holding  A.S.  and  Dogus  Arastirma 
Gelistirme ve Musavirlik Hizmetleri A.S of 41,790,000,000 shares of Turkiye Garanti Bankasi, A.S. (“Garanti”), amounting to 9.95% of the 
total issued share capital of Garanti Bank. On March 22, 2017, the sale and purchase agreement was completed, and therefore BBVA´s 
total stake in Garanti as of December 31, 2017 amounts to 49.85% (See Note 31). 

4. 

Shareholder remuneration system 

As announced on February 1, 2017, BBVA’s Board of Directors, at its meeting held on March, 29, 2017, executed a capital increase to be 
charged to voluntary reserves for the instrumentation of the last “Dividend Option”, being the subsequent shareholders’ remunerations 
fully in cash.  

This  fully  in-cash  shareholders’  remuneration  policy  would  be  composed  of  a  distribution  on  account  of  the  dividend  of  such  year 
(expected to be paid in October) and a final dividend (which would be paid once the year has ended and the profit allocation has been 
approved, expected for April), subject to the applicable authorizations by the competent governing bodies. 

Shareholder remuneration scheme “Dividend Option” 

Until 2017, the Group implemented a shareholder remuneration system referred to as “Dividend Option”. 

Under such remuneration scheme, BBVA offered its shareholders the possibility to receive all or part of their remuneration in the form of 
newly-issued BBVA ordinary shares, whilst maintaining the possibility for BBVA shareholders to receive their entire remuneration in cash 
by selling the rights of free allocation assigned either to BBVA (in execution of the commitment assumed by BBVA to acquire the rights of 
free allocation at a guaranteed fixed price) or by selling the rights of free allocation on the market at the prevailing market price at that 
time. However, the execution of the commitment assumed by BBVA was only available to whoever had been originally assigned such 
rights of free allocation and only in connection with the rights of free allocation initially allocated at such time. 

On March 29, 2017, BBVA’s Board of Directors resolved to execute the capital increase to be charged to voluntary reserves approved by 
the Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) held on March 17, 2017, under agenda item three, to implement a “Dividend Option” in that year. As 
a result of this increase, the Bank’s share capital increased by €49,622,955.62 through the issuance of 101,271,338 newly-issued BBVA 
ordinary shares at 0.49 euros par value, given that 83.28% of owners of the rights of free allocation opted to receive newly issued BBVA 
ordinary shares. The remaining 16.72% of the owners of the rights of free allocation exercised the commitment assumed by BBVA, and 
as a result, BBVA acquired 1,097,962,903 rights (at a gross price of €0.131 each) for a total amount of €143,833,140.29. This amount is 
recorded in “Total equity- Interim dividends” of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017. 

Cash Dividends 

Throughout 2017, 2018 and 2019, BBVA’s Board of Directors approved the payment of the following dividends (interim or final dividends) 
fully in cash, recorded in “Total Equity- Interim Dividends” and “Total Equity – Retained earnings” of the consolidated balance sheet of the 
relevant year:  

The Board of Directors, at its meeting held on September 27, 2017, approved the payment in cash of €0.09 (€0.0729 net of 
withholding tax) per BBVA share as the first gross interim dividend against 2017 results. The total amount paid to shareholders 
on  October  10,  2017,  after  deducting  treasury  shares  held  by  the  Group's  companies,  amounted  to  €599  million  and  is 
recognized under the headings “Total equity- Interim dividends” of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017. 

The Annual General Meeting of BBVA held on March 16, 2018 approved, under item 1 of the Agenda, the payment of a final 
dividend for 2017, in addition to other dividends previously paid, in cash for an amount equal to €0.15 (€0.1215 net of withholding 
tax) per BBVA share. The  total amount paid  to shareholders on  April 10, 2018, after deducting  treasury shares held by the 
Group’s  companies,  amounted  €996  million  and  is  recognized  under  heading  “Total  equity-    Retained  earnings”  of  the 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018.  

The Board of Directors, at its meeting held on September 26, 2018, approved the payment in cash of €0.10 (€0.081 net of 
withholding  tax) per BBVA share, as gross interim dividend against 2018 results. The total amount  paid to shareholders on 
October 10, 2018, after deducting treasury shares held by the Group's companies, amounted to €663 million and is recognized 
under the heading “Total equity- Interim dividends” of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018. 

The Annual General Meeting of BBVA held on March 15, 2019, approved, under item 1 of the Agenda, the payment of a final 
dividend for 2018, in addition to other dividends previously paid, in cash for an amount equal to €0.16 (€0.1296 withholding tax) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.42 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

per BBVA share. The total amount paid to shareholders on April 10, 2019, after deducting treasury shares held by the Group’s 
Companies,  amounted  to  €1,064  million  and  is  recognized  under  the  heading  “Total  equity-  Retained  earnings”  of  the 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019. 

The  Board  of  Directors,  at  its  meeting  held  on  October  2,  2019,  approved  the  payment  in  cash  of  €0.10  (€0.081  net  of 
withholding  tax  rate  of  19%)  per  BBVA  share,  as  gross  interim  dividend  based  on  2019  results.  The  total  amount  paid  to 
shareholders on October 15, 2019, after deducting treasury shares held by the Group´s companies, amounted to €665 million 
and is recognized under the heading “Total equity-  Interim dividends” of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 
2019. 

The provisional accounting statements prepared in accordance with legal requirements evidencing the existence of sufficient liquidity for 
the distribution of the amounts agreed on October 2, 2019, mentioned above are as follows: 

Available amount for Interim dividend payments (Millions of Euros) 

0 

August, 31, 2019 

Profit  of BBVA, S.A., after the provision for income tax 

Additional Tier I capital instruments remuneration 

Maximum amount distributable 
Amount of proposed interim dividend 

BBVA cash balance available to the date 

Proposal on allocation of earnings for 2019 

1,137 

276 

861 
667 

6,691 

The allocation of earnings for 2019 subject to the approval of the Board of Directors at the Annual Shareholders Meeting is presented 
below: 

Allocation of earnings (Millions of Euros) 

Profit for year (*) 
Distribution 
Interim dividends 

Final dividend 

Additional Tier 1 securities 

Voluntary reserves 

(*) 

Net Income of BBVA, S.A. (see Appendix IX). 

December 2019 

2,241 

667 

1,067 

419 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.43 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

5. 

Earnings per share 

Basic  and  diluted  earnings  per  share  are  calculated  in  accordance  with  the  criteria  established  by  IAS  33.  For  more  information  see 
Glossary of terms. 

The calculation of earnings per share is as follows: 

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share 

Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share (millions of euros) 

Profit attributable to parent company 

Adjustment: Additional Tier 1 securities (1) 

Profit adjusted (millions of euros) (A) 

Of which: profit from discontinued operations (net of non-controlling interest) (B) 

Denominator for basic earnings per share (number of shares outstanding) 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (2) 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding x corrective factor (3) 

Adjusted number of shares - Basic earnings per share (C) 
Adjusted number of shares - diluted earnings per share  (D) 
Earnings per share (*) 

Basic earnings per share from continued operations (Euros per share)A-B/C 

Diluted earnings per share from continued operations (Euros per share)A-B/D 

Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations (Euros per share)B/C 

Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations (Euros per share)B/D 

2019 

2018 (4) 

2017 (4) 

3,512 

(419) 

3,093 

- 

6,668 

6,668 

6,648 
6,648 
0.47 

0.47 

0.47 

- 

- 

5,400 

(447) 

4,953 

- 

6,668 

6,668 

6,636 
6,636 
0.75 

0.75 

0.75 

- 

- 

3,514 

(430) 

3,084 

- 

6,642 

6,642 

6,642 
6,642 
0.46 

0.46 

0.46 

- 

- 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

Remuneration in the year related to contingent convertible securities, recognized in equity (see Note 22.4). 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding (millions of euros), excluding weighted average of treasury shares during the year. 

Corrective factor, due to the capital increase with pre-emptive subscription right, applied for the previous years. 

(4)         The figures corresponding to 2018 and 2017 have been restated (see Note 1.3) 

 (*)         In 2019 the weighted average number of shares outstanding was 6,668 million (6,668 million and 6,642 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively) and the 

adjustment of additional Tier 1 securities amounted to €419 million (€447 and €430 million in 2018 and 2017, respectively). 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, there were no other financial instruments or share option commitments to employees that could 
potentially affect the calculation of the diluted earnings per share for the years presented. For this reason, basic and diluted earnings per 
share are the same. 

6.  Operating segment reporting 

Operating segment reporting represents a basic tool in the oversight and management of the BBVA Group’s various activities. The BBVA 
Group compiles reporting information on disaggregated business activities. These business activities are then aggregated in accordance 
with the organizational structure determined by the BBVA Group and, ultimately, into the reportable operating segments themselves.  

During 2019, the reporting structure of the BBVA Group’s business areas differs from the one presented at the end of the year 2018, as a 
result  of  the  integration  of  the  Non-Core  Real  Estate  business  area  into  Banking  Activity  in  Spain,  which  has  been  renamed  “Spain”. 
Additionally, balance sheet intra-group adjustments between Corporate Center and the operating segments have been reallocated to the 
corresponding operating segments. In addition, certain expenses related to global projects and activities have been reallocated between 
the Corporate Center and the corresponding operating segments. In order to make the 2019 information comparable as required by IFRS 
8 “Information by business segments”, figures as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 have been restated in conformity with the new segment 
reporting structure. The BBVA Group's operating segments are summarized below: 

Spain  

Includes mainly the banking and insurance business that the Group carries out in Spain.  

The United States 

Includes the financial business activity of BBVA USA in the country and the activity of the branch of BBVA, S.A., in New York. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.44 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

  Mexico 

Includes banking and insurance businesses in this country as well as the activity of its branch in Houston.  

Turkey 

Reports the activity of Garanti BBVA group that is mainly carried out in this country and, to a lesser extent, in Romania and the 
Netherlands.  

South America 

Primarily includes the Group´s banking and insurance businesses in the region. In relation to the sale of BBVA Paraguay, the 
closing is expected to take place during the first quarter of 2020 (see Note 3). 

Rest of Eurasia  

Includes the banking business activity carried out by the Group in Europe and Asia, excluding Spain. 

Lastly,  Corporate  Center  performs  centralized  Group  functions,  including:  the  costs  of  the  head  offices  with  a  corporate  function; 
management  of  structural  exchange  rate  positions;  some  equity  instruments  issuances  to  ensure  an  adequate  management  of  the 
Group's global solvency. It also includes portfolios whose management is not linked to customer relationships, such as industrial holdings, 
certain tax assets and liabilities; funds due to commitments to employees; goodwill and other intangible assets. 

The breakdown of the BBVA Group’s total assets by operating segments as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, is as follows: 

Total assets by operating segments (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey  

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Subtotal assets by Operating Segments 

Corporate Center and adjustments 

Total assets BBVA Group 

(1) 

The figures corresponding to 2018 and 2017 have been restated (see Note 1.3). 

2019 

365,374 

88,529 

109,079 

64,416 

54,996 

23,248 

2018 (1) 

354,901 

82,057 

97,432 

66,250 

54,373 

18,834 

2017 (1) 

350,520 

75,775 

90,214 

78,789 

75,320 

17,265 

705,641 

673,848 

687,884 

(6,951) 

2,841 

2,175 

698,690 

676,689 

690,059 

The following table sets forth certain summarized information relating to the income of each operating segment and Corporate Center 
for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and reconciles the income statement of the various operating segments to the 
consolidated income statement of the Group: 

BBVA Group 

Spain 

The United 
States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South 
America 

Rest of 
Eurasia 

Corporate 
Center 

Notes 

55.2 

55.2 

2019 

Net interest income 

Gross income 

Operating profit /(loss) before tax 

Profit 

2018 (1) 

Net interest income 

Gross income 

Operating profit /(loss) before tax 

Profit 

2017 (1) 

Net interest income 

Gross income 

Operating profit /(loss) before tax 

Profit 

18,202 

24,542 

6,398 

3,512 

17,591 

23,747 

8,446 

5,400 

17,758 

25,270 

6,931 

3,514 

3,645 

5,734 

1,878 

1,386 

3,698 

5,968 

1,840 

1,400 

3,810 

6,162 

1,189 

877 

2,395 

3,223 

705 

590 

2,276 

2,989 

920 

736 

2,119 

2,876 

749 

486 

6,209 

8,029 

3,691 

2,699 

5,568 

7,193 

3,269 

2,367 

5,476 

7,122 

2,960 

2,170 

2,814 

3,590 

1,341 

506 

3,135 

3,901 

1,444 

567 

3,331 

4,115 

2,143 

823 

3,196 

3,850 

1,396 

721 

3,009 

3,701 

1,288 

578 

3,200 

4,451 

1,671 

847 

175 

454 

163 

127 

175 

414 

148 

96 

180 

468 

181 

128 

(233) 

(339) 

(2,775) 

(2,517) 

(269) 

(420) 

(463) 

(343) 

(357) 

74 

(1,962) 

(1,817) 

(1)  The figures corresponding to 2018 and 2017 have been restated (see Note 1.3). 

The accompanying Consolidated Management Report presents the consolidated income statements and the balance sheets by operating 
segments. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.45 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
7  Risk management 

7.1  Credit risk 

Credit risk arises from the probability that one party to a financial instrument will fail to meet its contractual obligations for reasons of 
insolvency or inability to pay and cause a financial loss for the other party.  

The general principles governing credit risk management in the BBVA Group are: 

Risks taken should comply with the general risk policy established by the Board of Directors of BBVA. 

Risks taken should be in line with the level of equity and generation of recurring revenue of the BBVA Group prioritizing risk 
diversification and avoiding relevant concentrations. 

Risks  taken  should  be  identified,  measured  and  assessed  and  there  should  be  management  and  monitoring  procedures,  in 
addition to sound mitigation and control mechanisms. 

Risks should be managed in a prudent and integrated manner during their life cycle and their treatment should be based on the 
type of risk. In addition, portfolios should be actively managed on the basis of a common metric (economic capital). 

The main criterion when granting credit risks is the capability of the borrower or obligor to fulfill on a timely basis all financial 
obligations with its business income or source of income without depending upon guarantors, bondsmen or pledged assets. 

Credit  risk  management  in  the  Group  has  an  integrated  structure  for  all  its  functions,  allowing  decisions  to  be  taken  objectively  and 
independently throughout the life cycle of the risk. 

At Group level: frameworks for action and standard rules of conduct are defined for handling risk, specifically, the channels, 
procedures, structure and supervision. 

At the business area level: they are responsible for adapting the Group's criteria to the local realities of each geographical area 
and for direct management of risk according to the decision-making channel: 

o 

o 

Retail risks: in general, the decisions are formalized according to the scoring tools, within the general framework for 
action  of  each  business  area,  with  regard  to  risks.  The  changes  in  weighting  and  variables  of  these  tools  must  be 
validated by the GRM area. 

Wholesale risks: in general, the decisions are formalized by each business area within its general framework for action 
with regard to risks, which incorporates the delegation rule and the Group's corporate policies. 

The risk function has a decision-making process supported by a structure of committees with a solid governance scheme, which describes 
their purposes and functioning for a proper performance of their tasks.  

7.1.1  Measurement Expected Credit Loss (ECL) 

IFRS 9 requires determining the expected credit loss of a financial instrument in a way that reflects an unbiased estimation removing any 
conservatism or optimism, the time value of money and a forward looking perspective (including the economic forecast). 

Therefore the recognition and measurement of expected credit losses (ECL) is highly complex and involves the use of significant analysis 
and estimation including formulation and incorporation of forward-looking economic conditions into ECL. 

Risk Parameters Adjusted by Macroeconomic Scenarios 

Expected Credit Loss must include forward looking information, in accordance with IFRS 9, which states that the comprehensive credit 
risk  information  must  incorporate  not  only  historical  information  but  also  all  relevant  credit  information,  including  forward-looking 
macroeconomic information. BBVA uses the classical credit risk parameters PD, LGD and EAD in order to calculate the ECL for the credit 
portfolios. 

BBVA´s  methodological  approach  in  order  to  incorporate  the  forward  looking  information  aims  to  determine  the  relation  between 
macroeconomic variables and risk parameters following three main steps: 

Step 1: Analysis and transformation of time series data. 

Step 2: For each dependent variable find conditional forecasting models that are economically consistent. 

Step 3: Select the best conditional forecasting model from the set of candidates defined in Step 2, based on their forecasting 
capacity. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.46 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

How economic scenarios are reflected in calculation of ECL 

The forward looking component is added to the calculation of the ECL through the introduction of macroeconomic scenarios as an input. 
Inputs highly depend on the particular combination of region and portfolio, so inputs are adapted to available data regarding each of them. 

Based  on  economic  theory  and  analysis,  the  main  indicators  most  directly  relevant  for  explaining  and  forecasting  the  selected  risk 
parameters (PD, LGD and EAD) are:  

The net income of families, corporates or public administrations. 

The outstanding payment amounts on the principal and interest on the financial instruments.  

The value of the collateral assets pledge to the loan. 

BBVA Group approximates these variables by using a proxy indicator from the set included in the macroeconomic scenarios provided by 
the economic research department. 

Only a single specific indicator for each of the three categories can be used and only one of the following core macroeconomic indicators 
should be chosen as first option: 

The  real  GDP  growth  for  the  purpose  of  conditional  forecasting  can  be  seen  as  the  only  “factor”  required  for  capturing  the 
influence of all potentially relevant macro-financial scenarios on internal PDs and LGD. 

The most representative short term interest rate (typically the policy rate or the most liquid sovereign yield or interbank rate) 
or exchange rates expressed in real terms. 

A comprehensive and representative index of the price of real estate properties expressed in real terms in the case of mortgage 
loans and a representative and real term index of the price of the relevant commodity for corporate loan portfolios concentrated 
in exporters or producer of such commodity. 

Real GDP growth is given priority over any other indicator not only because it is the most comprehensive indicator of income and economic 
activity but also because it is the central variable in the generation of macroeconomic scenarios. 

Multiple scenario approach under IFRS 9 

IFRS 9 requires calculating an unbiased probability weighted measurement of expected credit losses (“ECL”) by evaluating a range of 
possible outcomes, including forecasts of future economic conditions.  

The BBVA Research teams within the BBVA Group produce forecasts of the macroeconomic variables under the baseline scenario, which 
are used in the rest of the related processes of the Bank, such as budgeting, ICAAP and risk appetite framework, stress testing, etc. 

Additionally, the BBVA Research teams produced alternative scenarios to the baseline scenario so as to meet the requirements under the 
IFRS 9 standard. 

Alternative macroeconomic scenarios 

For each of the macro-financial variables, BBVA Research produces three scenarios.  

BBVA Research tracks, analyzes and forecasts the economic environment to provide a consistent forward looking assessment 
about the most likely scenario and risks that impact BBVA’s footprint. To build economic scenarios, BBVA Research combines 
official data, econometric techniques and expert knowledge. 

Each of these scenarios corresponds to the expected value of a different area of the probabilistic distribution of the possible 
projections of the economic variables. 

The non-linearity overlay is defined as the ratio between the probability-weighted ECL under the alternative scenarios and the 
baseline scenario, where the scenario’s probability depends on the distance of the alternative scenarios from the base one. 

BBVA Group establishes equally weighted scenarios, being the probability 34% for the baseline scenario, 33% for the worst 
alternative scenario and 33% for the best alternative scenario. 

BBVA  Group  considers  three  prospective  macroeconomic  scenarios  which  are  updated  periodically  (currently  every  three  months). 
BBVA Research projects a maximum of five years for the macroeconomic variables. The estimation for the next five years of the GDP used 
in the estimation of the measurement of expected credit loss as of December 31, 2019 is as follows:  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.47 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

GDP for the main geographies: 

GDP for the main geographies 

Spain 

Mexico 

Turkey 

The United States 

Date 

2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

0.96% 
1.35% 
2.01% 
1.85% 
1.81% 

1.54% 
1.87% 
2.10% 
1.89% 
1.85% 

GDP 
positive 
scenario 

2.15% 
2.42% 
2.19% 
1.88% 
1.85% 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

-0.58% 
0.93% 
2.05% 
2.07% 
2.11% 

0.23% 
1.66% 
2.14% 
2.14% 
2.15% 

GDP 
positive 
scenario 

1.06% 
2.39% 
2.23% 
2.19% 
2.17% 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

-0.60% 
-0.68% 
4.60% 
4.28% 
4.31% 

3.32% 
2.48% 
4.74% 
4.38% 
4.38% 

GDP 
positive 
scenario 

7.06% 
5.27% 
4.91% 
4.47% 
4.50% 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

1.16% 
1.00% 
1.84% 
1.83% 
1.88% 

2.12% 
1.81% 
1.92% 
1.86% 
1.91% 

GDP 
positive 
scenario 

3.13% 
2.62% 
2.03% 
1.91% 
1.94% 

Peru 

Argentina 

Colombia 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

GDP positive 
scenario 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

GDP positive 
scenario 

GDP negative 
scenario 

GDP base 
scenario 

GDP positive 
scenario 

0.34% 
0.32% 
3.07% 
3.39% 
3.86% 

2.92% 
2.46% 
3.28% 
3.39% 
3.86% 

5.43% 
4.56% 
3.49% 
3.39% 
3.86% 

-7.41% 
-6.62% 
2.08% 
1.64% 
1.95% 

-2.47% 
-2.57% 
2.30% 
1.78% 
2.10% 

2.40% 
0.85% 
2.51% 
1.88% 
2.23% 

1.93% 
1.71% 
3.61% 
3.59% 
3.59% 

3.29% 
2.73% 
3.61% 
3.59% 
3.59% 

4.58% 
3.74% 
3.61% 
3.59% 
3.59% 

Date 

2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 

The approach in BBVA consists on using the scenario that is the most likely scenario, which is the baseline scenario, consistent with the 
rest of internal processes (ICAAP, Budgeting…) and then applying an overlay adjustment that is calculated by taking into account the 
weighted average of the ECL determined by each of the scenarios. 

It is important to note that in general, it is expected that the effect of the overlay is to increase the ECL. It is possible to obtain an overlay 
that  does  not  have  that  effect,  whenever  the  relationship  between  macro  scenarios  and  losses  is  linear.  However,  the  overlay  is  not 
expected to reduce the ECL. 

7.1.2  Credit risk exposure 

In accordance with IFRS 7 “Financial instruments: Disclosures”, the BBVA Group’s credit risk exposure by headings in the balance sheets 
as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 is provided below. It does not consider the loss allowances and the availability of collateral or other 
credit  enhancements  to  guarantee  compliance  with  payment  obligations.  The  details  are  broken  down  by  financial  instruments  and 
counterparties: 

Maximum credit risk exposure (Millions of Euros) 

Financial assets held for trading  

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Loans and advances 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Loans and advances 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Derivatives (trading and hedging)  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

Debt securities 

Total financial assets risk 

Total loan commitments and financial guarantees 

33 

Total maximum credit exposure 

Notes 

December 
2019 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

10 

10 

10 

11 

11 

11 

12 

13 

13 

13 

69,503 

26,309  

8,892  

34,303  

5,557  

1,120  

110  

4,327  

1,214  

39,462  

61,293  

58,841 

2,420  

33 

58,590 

33 

250 

- 

- 

- 

451,640 

402,024 

33,624 

15,993 

4,285 

13,664 

394,763 

38,930 

628,670  

181,116 

809,786 

4,285 

13,500 

345,449 

38,790 

- 

158 

33,360 

106 

- 

6 

15,954 

33 

169,663 

10,452 

1,001 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
P.48 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Maximum credit risk exposure (Millions of Euros) 

Notes  December 2018 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Stage 3 

Financial assets held for trading  

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 
Loans and advances 
Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through 
profit or loss 

Loans and advances 

Debt securities 
Equity instruments 

10 

10 

10 

11 

11 

11 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

12 

Derivatives (trading and hedging)  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Debt securities 
Equity instruments 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

Debt securities 
Total financial assets risk 

13 

13 
13 

Total loan commitments and financial guarantees 

33 

Total maximum credit exposure 

59,581 

25,577 

5,254 
28,750 

5,135 

1,803 

237 
3,095 

1,313 

38,249 

56,365 

53,737 
2,595 

33 

53,734 

33 

3 

- 

- 

- 

431,927 

384,632 

30,902 

16,394 

3,947 

9,175 

386,225 

32,580 
592,571  

170,511 

763,082 

3,947 

9,131 

339,204 

32,350 

- 

34 

30,673 

195 

- 

10 

16,348 

35 

161,404 

8,120 

987 

The maximum credit exposure presented in the table above is determined by type of financial asset as explained below: 

In the case of financial instruments recognized in the consolidated balance sheets, exposure to credit risk is considered equal 
to its carrying amount (not including loss allowances) with the only exception of trading and hedging derivatives. 

The maximum credit risk exposure on financial commitments and guarantees granted is the maximum that the Group would be 
liable for if these guarantees were called in, or the higher amount  pending to be disposed from the customer in the case of 
commitments. 

The calculation of risk exposure for derivatives is based on the sum of two factors: the derivatives fair value and their potential 
risk (or "add-on"). 

The breakdown by geographical location and Stage of the maximum credit risk exposure, the accumulated allowances recorded and 
the carrying amount of the loans and advances to customers as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 is shown below: 

December 2019 

Gross exposure 

Accumulated allowances 

Carrying amount 

Total 

Stage 1 

Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2 

Stage 3 

Spain (*) 

197,058 

173,843 

14,599 

8,616 

(5,311) 

(712) 

(661) 

(3,939) 

191,747 

173,131 

13,939 

4,677 

The United States 

57,387 

49,744 

7,011 

632 

(688) 

(165) 

(342) 

(182) 

56,699 

49,580 

6,670 

Mexico 

60,099 

54,748 

3,873 

1,478 

(2,013) 

(697) 

(404) 

54,052 

3,469 

43,113 

34,536 

5,127 

3,451 

(2,613) 

(189) 

(450) 

34,347 

4,677 

1,477 

(912) 

58,087 
(1,974)  40,500 

36,265 

31,754 

2,742 

1,769 

(1,769) 

(366) 

(323) 

(1,079) 

Others  

839 

824 

7 

9 

(8) 

(1) 

(1) 

(6) 

34,497 

31,388 

2,419 

832 

823 

6 

394,763  345,449 

33,360 

15,954  (12,402) 

(2,129) 

(2,181) 

(8,093)  382,360  343,320 

31,179 

450 

566 

690 

2 

7,861 

Spain includes all countries where BBVA, S.A. operates. 
Turkey includes all countries in which Garanti BBVA operates. 
In South America, BBVA Group operates in Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. 
The amount of the accumulated impairment includes the provisions recorded for credit risk over the remaining expected lifetime of purchased financial instruments. Those 
provisions were determined at the moment of the Purchase Price Allocation and were originated mainly in the acquisition of Catalunya Banc S.A. (as of December 31, 2019, 
the remained balance was €433 million). These valuation adjustments are recognized in the income statement during the residual life of the operations or are applied to the 
value corrections when the losses materialize.  

Turkey (**) 
South America 
(***) 

Total (****) 
(*) 
(**) 
(***) 
(****) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Turkey (**) 
South America 
(***) 

P.49 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2018 

Gross exposure 

Accumulated allowances 

Carrying amount 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Spain (*) 

195,447 

172,599 

12,827 

10,021 

(5,874) 

(713) 

(877) 

(4,284) 

189,574 

171,886 

11,951 

5,737 

The United States 

57,321 

50,665 

5,923 

733 

(658) 

(206) 

(299) 

(153) 

56,663 

50,459 

5,624 

Mexico 

52,858 

48,354 

3,366 

1,138 

(1,750) 

(640) 

(373) 

(737) 

51,107 

47,714 

2,992 

580 

401 

43,718 

34,883 

6,113 

2,722 

(2,241) 

(171) 

(591) 

(1,479) 

41,479 

34,712 

5,523 

1,244 

36,098 

31,947 

2,436 

1,715 

(1,656) 

(338) 

(234) 

(1,084) 

Others  

783 

756 

8 

19 

(19) 

- 

(1) 

(18) 

34,442 

31,609 

2,202 

763 

755 

7 

631 

1 

Total (****) 

386,225  339,204 

30,673 

16,348 

(12,199) 

(2,070) 

(2,374) 

(7,755)  374,027  337,134 

28,299 

8,593 

(*) 
(**) 
(***) 
(****) 

Spain includes all countries where BBVA, S.A. operates. 
Turkey includes all countries in which Garanti BBVA operates. 
In South America, BBVA Group operates in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. 
The amount of the accumulated impairment includes the provisions recorded for credit risk over the remaining expected lifetime of purchased financial instruments. Those 
provisions were determined at the moment of the Purchase Price Allocation and were originated mainly in the acquisition of Catalunya Banc S.A. (as of December 31, 2018 
the remained balance was €540 million). These valuation adjustments are recognized in the income statement during the residual life of the operations or are applied to the 
value corrections when the losses materialize. 

The breakdown by counterparty  of the maximum credit risk exposure, the accumulated allowances recorded, as well as the carrying 
is  shown  below: 
amount  by  stages  of 

to  customers  as  of  December  31,  2019  and  2018 

loans  and  advances 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Gross exposure 

Accumulated allowances 

Net amount 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Public administrations 

28,281 

27,511 

Other financial corporations 

11,239 

11,085 

682 

136 

88 

17 

(59) 

(31) 

(15) 

(19) 

(22) 

(2) 

(21) 

28,222 

27,496 

(10) 

11,207 

11,066 

660 

134 

66 

8 

Non-financial corporations 

173,254  148,768 

16,018 

8,468 

(6,465) 

(811) 

(904) 

(4,750)  166,789 

147,957 

15,114 

3,718 

Individuals 

181,989  158,085 

16,523 

7,381 

(5,847) 

(1,283) 

(1,252) 

(3,312) 

176,142 

156,801 

15,272 

4,069 

Loans and advances to 
customers 

394,763  345,449  33,360 

15,954 

(12,402) 

(2,129) 

(2,181) 

(8,093)  382,360  343,320 

31,179 

7,861 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Gross exposure 

Accumulated allowances 

Net amount 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Total 

Stage 1  Stage 2  Stage 3 

Public administrations 

28,632 

27,740 

Other financial corporations 

9,490 

9,189 

764 

291 

128 

11 

(84) 

(22) 

(21) 

(13) 

(25) 

(38) 

28,549 

27,719 

(4) 

(4) 

9,468 

9,176 

739 

286 

91 

6 

Non-financial corporations 

169,764 

145,875 

15,516 

8,372 

(6,260) 

(730) 

(1,190) 

(4,341) 

163,503 

145,145 

14,327 

4,031 

Individuals 

178,339 

156,400 

14,102 

7,838 

(5,833) 

(1,305) 

(1,155) 

(3,372) 

172,506 

155,094 

12,946 

4,466 

Loans and advances to 
customers 

386,225  339,204  30,673 

16,348 

(12,199) 

(2,070) 

(2,374) 

(7,755)  374,027  337,134  28,299 

8,593 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.50 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The breakdown by counterparty and product of loans and advances, net of loss allowances, as well as the gross carrying amount by type 
of product, classified in different headings of the assets, as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is shown below: 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

By product 

On demand and short notice 

Credit card debt 

Commercial debtors 

Finance leases 

Reverse repurchase loans 

Other term loans 

Advances that are not loans 

LOANS AND ADVANCES 

By secured loans 

Of which: mortgage loans 
collateralized by immovable property 

Of which: other collateralized loans 

By purpose of the loan 

Of which: credit for consumption 

Of which: lending for house purchase 

By subordination 

Of which: project finance loans 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

By product 

On demand and short notice 

Credit card debt 

Commercial debtors 

Finance leases 

Reverse repurchase loans 

Other term loans 

Advances that are not loans 
LOANS AND ADVANCES 

By secured loans 

Of which: mortgage loans 
collateralized by immovable property 
Of which: other collateralized loans 

By purpose of the loan 

Of which: credit for consumption 

Of which: lending for house purchase 

By subordination 

Of which: project finance loans 

Central 
banks 

General 
governments 

Credit 
institutions 

Other 
financial 
corporations 

Non-
financial 
corporations 

Households 

Total 

Gross 
carrying 
amount 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9 

10 

971 

227 

- 

4,240 

35 

4,275 

26,734 

865 

28,816 

- 

1 

- 

- 

1,817 

4,121 

7,743 

13,682 

118 

3 

230 

6 

- 

2,328 

1,940 

15,976 

8,091 

26 

595 

3,050 

3,251 

14,401 

16,355 

17,608 

99 

387 

- 

17,276 

17,617 

8,711 

9,095 

1,843 

1,848 

7,795 

137,934 

160,223 

341,047  351,230 

3,056 

11,208 

951 

506 

13,156 

13,214 

167,246 

176,211 

401,438  413,863 

1,067 

10,447 

- 

15 

93 

261 

23,575 

111,085 

136,003 

139,317 

2,106 

29,009 

6,893 

48,548  49,266 

46,356 

46,356  49,474 

110,178 

110,178 

111,636 

12,259 

12,259 

12,415 

Central 
banks 

General 
governments 

Credit 
institutions 

Other 
financial 
corporations 

Non-
financial 
corporations 

Households 

Total 

Gross 
carrying 
amount 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,911 

29 
3,941 

10 

8 

948 

226 

293 

26,839 

1,592 
29,917 

- 

1 

- 

- 

477 

2,947 

5,771 
9,196 

151 

2 

195 

3 

- 

7,030 

2,088 
9,468 

2,833 

2,328 

16,190 

8,014 

- 

133,573 

984 
163,922 

648 

13,108 

103 

406 

- 

157,760 

498 
172,522 

3,641 

3,834 

15,446 

16,495 

17,436 

17,716 

8,650 

9,077 

770 

772 

332,060  342,264 

10,962 

11,025 
388,966  401,183 

1,056 

7,179 

- 

15 

285 

219 

1,389 

26,784 

31,393 

111,809 

139,883  144,005 

6,835 

47,081 

47,855 

40,124 

40,124 

42,736 

111,007 

111,007 

112,952 

13,973 

13,973 

14,286 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.51 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

On demand and short notice 

Credit card debt 

Trade receivables 

Finance leases 

Reverse repurchase loans 

Other term loans 

Advances that are not loans 
LOANS AND ADVANCES 

Of which: mortgage loans (Loans 
collateralized by immovable property) 
Of which: other collateralized loans 

Of which: credit for consumption 

Of which: lending for house purchase 

Of which: project finance loans 

Central 
banks 

General 
governments 

Credit 
institutions 

Other 
financial 
corporations 

Non-financial 
corporations 

Households 

Total 

- 

- 

- 

305 

6,993 

2 
7,301 

222 

6 

1,624 

205 

1,290 

26,983 

1,964 
32,294 

998 

7,167 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13,793 

4,463 

8,005 
26,261 

270 

3 

497 

36 

10,912 

5,763 

1,044 
18,525 

7,663 

1,862 

20,385 

8,040 

- 

125,228 

1,459 
164,637 

2,405 

13,964 

198 

361 

- 

155,418 

522 
172,868 

10,560 

15,835 

22,705 

8,642 

26,300 

324,848 

12,995 
421,886 

- 

308 

37,353 

116,938 

155,597 

13,501 

12,907 

24,100 

16,412 

9,092 

40,705 

114,709 

66,767 

40,705 

114,709 

16,412 

7.1.3  Mitigation of credit risk, collateralized credit risk and other credit enhancements 

In most cases, maximum credit risk exposure is reduced by collateral, credit enhancements and other actions which mitigate the Group’s 
exposure. The BBVA Group applies a credit risk hedging and mitigation policy deriving from a banking approach focused on relationship 
banking. The existence of guarantees could be a necessary but not sufficient instrument for accepting risks, as the assumption of risks by 
the Group requires prior evaluation of the debtor’s capacity for repayment, or that the debtor can generate sufficient resources to allow 
the amortization of the risk incurred under the agreed terms. 

The policy of accepting risks is therefore organized into three different levels in the BBVA Group: 

Analysis of the financial risk of the transaction, based on the debtor’s capacity for repayment or generation of funds. 

The constitution of guarantees that are adequate, or at any rate generally accepted, for the risk assumed, in any of the generally 
accepted forms: monetary, secured, personal or hedge guarantees; and finally 

Assessment of the repayment risk (asset liquidity) of the guarantees received. 

This is carried out through a prudent risk policy that consists of the analysis of the financial risk, based on the capacity for reimbursement 
or generation of resources of the borrower, the analysis of the guarantee, assessing, among others, the efficiency, the robustness and the 
risk, the adequacy of the guarantee with the operation and other aspects such as the location, currency, concentration or the existence 
of limitations. Additionally, the necessary tasks for the constitution of guarantees must be carried out - in any of the generally accepted 
forms (collaterals, personal guarantees and financial hedge instruments) - appropriate to the risk assumed. 

The procedures for the management and valuation of collateral are set out in the corporate policies (retail and wholesale), which establish 
the basic principles for credit risk management, including the management of collaterals assigned in transactions with customers. The 
criteria for the systematic, standardized and effective treatment of collateral in credit transaction procedures in BBVA Group’s wholesale 
and retail banking are included in the Specific Collateral Rules. 

The methods used to value the collateral are in line with the best market practices and imply the use of appraisal of real-estate collateral, 
the  market  price  in  market  securities,  the  trading  price  of  shares  in  mutual  funds,  etc.  All  the  collaterals  received  must  be  correctly 
assigned and entered in the corresponding register. They must also have the approval of the Group’s legal units. 

The following is a description of the main types of collateral for each financial instrument class: 

Debt instruments held for trading: The guarantees or credit enhancements obtained directly from the issuer or counterparty 
are implicit in the clauses of the instrument (mainly guarantees of the issuer). 

Derivatives  and  hedging  derivatives:  In  derivatives,  credit  risk  is  minimized  through  contractual  netting  agreements,  where 
positive- and negative-value derivatives with the same counterparty are offset for their net balance. There may likewise be other 
kinds of guarantees and collaterals, depending on counterparty solvency and the nature of the transaction (mainly collaterals). 

The summary of the compensation effect (via netting and collateral) for derivatives and securities operations is presented in 
Note 7.2.2. 

Other  financial  assets  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  and  financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  other 
comprehensive income: The guarantees or credit enhancements obtained directly from the issuer or counterparty are inherent 
to the structure of the instrument (mainly personal guarantees). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.52 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, BBVA Group had no credit risk exposure of impaired financial assets at fair value through 
other comprehensive income (see Note 7.1.2). 

Financial assets at amortized cost: 

• 

• 

• 

Loans and advances to credit institutions: These usually have the counterparty’s personal guarantee or pledged securities 
in the case of repos. 

Loans and advances to customers: Most of these loans and advances are backed by personal guarantees extended by 
the  customer.  There  may  also  be  collateral  to  secure  loans  and  advances  to  customers  (such  as  mortgages,  cash 
collaterals, pledged securities and other collateral), or to obtain other credit enhancements (bonds or insurances). 

Debt securities: The guarantees or credit enhancements obtained directly from the issuer or counterparty are inherent to 
the structure of the instrument. 

Financial guarantees, other contingent risks and drawable by third parties: these have the counterparty’s personal guarantee 
or other types of collaterals. 

The  disclosure  of  impaired  loans  and  advances  at  amortized  cost  covered  by  collateral  (see  Note  7.1.2),  by  type  of  collateral,  as  of 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, is the following:  

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Impaired loans and advances at amortized cost 
Total 

15,959 
15,959 

3,396 
3,396 

939 
939 

35 
35 

221 
221 

542 
542 

Maximum 
exposure to 
credit risk 

Of which secured by collateral 

Residential 
properties 

Commercial 
properties 

Cash 

Others 

Financial 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Impaired loans and advances at amortized cost 
Total 

16,359 
16,359 

3,484 
3,484 

1,255 
1,255 

13 
13 

317 
317 

502 
502 

Maximum 
exposure to 
credit risk 

Of which secured by collateral 

Residential 
properties 

Commercial 
properties 

Cash 

Others 

Financial 

The value of guarantees received as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, is the following: 

Guarantees received (Millions of Euros) 

Value of collateral 

Of which: guarantees normal risks under special monitoring 

Of which: guarantees non-performing risks 

Value of other guarantees 

Of which: guarantees normal risks under special monitoring 

Of which: guarantees non-performing risks 

Total value of guarantees received 

2019 
152,454  

14,623  

4,590  

35,464  

3,306  

542  

187,918  

2018 
158,268  

14,087  

5,068  

16,897  

1,519  

502  

175,165  

The  maximum  credit  risk  exposure  of  impaired  financial  guarantees  and  other  commitments  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018 
amounts to €1,001 and €987 million, respectively (see Note 7.1.2). 

7.1.4  Credit quality of financial assets that are neither past due nor impaired 

The BBVA Group has tools that enable it to rank the credit quality of its transactions and customers based on an assessment and its 
correspondence with the probability of default (“PD”) scales. To analyze the performance of PD, the Group has a series of tracking tools 
and historical databases that collect the pertinent internally generated information. These tools can be grouped together into scoring and 
rating models. 

Scoring 

Scoring  is  a  decision-making  model  that  contributes  to  both  the  arrangement  and  management  of  retail  loans:  consumer  loans, 
mortgages, credit cards for individuals, etc. Scoring is the tool used to decide to originate a loan, what amount should be originated and 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.53 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

what strategies can help establish the price, because it is an algorithm that sorts transactions by their credit quality. This algorithm enables 
the BBVA Group to assign a score to each transaction requested by a customer, on the basis of a series of objective characteristics that 
have statistically been shown to discriminate between the quality and risk of this type of transactions. The advantage of scoring lies in its 
simplicity and homogeneity: all that is needed is a series of objective data for each customer, and this data is analyzed automatically using 
an algorithm. 

There are three types of scoring, based on the information used and on its purpose: 

Reactive  scoring:  measures  the  risk  of  a  transaction  requested  by  an  individual  using  variables  relating  to  the  requested 
transaction and to the customer’s socio-economic data available at the time of the request. The new transaction is approved or 
rejected depending on the score. 

Behavioral scoring: scores transactions for a given product in an outstanding risk portfolio of the entity, enabling the credit rating 
to  be  tracked  and  the  customer’s  needs  to  be  anticipated.  It  uses  transaction  and  customer  variables  available  internally. 
Specifically, variables that refer to the behavior of both the product and the customer. 

Proactive scoring: gives a score at customer level using variables related to the individual’s general behavior with the entity, and 
to his/her payment behavior in all the contracted products. The purpose is to track the customer’s credit quality and it is used 
to pre-approve new transactions. 

Rating 

Rating  tools,  as  opposed  to  scoring  tools,  do  not  assess  transactions  but  focus  on  the  rating  of  customers  instead:  companies, 
corporations, SMEs, general governments, etc. A rating tool is an instrument that, based on a detailed financial study, helps determine a 
customer’s  ability  to  meet  his/her  financial  obligations.  The  final  rating  is  usually  a  combination  of  various  factors:  on  one  hand, 
quantitative factors, and on the other hand, qualitative factors. It is a middle road between an individual analysis and a statistical analysis. 

The main difference between ratings and scorings is that the latter are used to assess retail products, while ratings use a wholesale banking 
customer approach. Moreover, scorings only include objective variables, while ratings add qualitative information. And although both are 
based on statistical studies, adding a business view, rating tools give more weight to the business criterion compared to scoring tools. 

For  portfolios  where  the  number  of  defaults  is  low  (sovereign  risk,  corporates,  financial  entities,  etc.)  the  internal  information  is 
supplemented by “benchmarking” of the external rating agencies (Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch). To this end, each year the PDs 
compiled by the rating agencies at each level of risk rating are compared, and the measurements compiled by the various agencies are 
mapped against those of the BBVA master rating scale. 

Once the probability of default of a transaction or customer has been calculated, a "business cycle adjustment" is carried out. This is a 
means of establishing a measure of risk that goes beyond the time of its calculation. The aim is to capture representative information of 
the behavior of portfolios over a complete economic cycle. This probability is linked to the Master Rating Scale prepared by the BBVA 
Group to enable uniform classification of the Group’s various asset risk portfolios. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.54 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The table below shows the abridged scale used to classify the BBVA Group’s outstanding risk as of December 31, 2019: 

External rating 

Internal rating 

Standard&Poor's List 

Reduced List (22 groups) 

Average 

Probability of default 
(basic points) 

Minimum from 
>= 

Maximum  

AAA 
AA+ 
AA 
AA- 
A+ 
A 
A- 
BBB+ 
BBB 
BBB- 
BB+ 
BB 
BB- 
B+ 
B 
B- 
CCC+ 
CCC 
CCC- 
CC+ 
CC 
CC- 

AAA 
AA+ 
AA 
AA- 
A+ 
A 
A- 
BBB+ 
BBB 
BBB- 
BB+ 
BB 
BB- 
B+ 
B 
B- 
CCC+ 
CCC 
CCC- 
CC+ 
CC 
CC- 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
8 
10 
14 
20 
31 
51 
88 
150 
255 
441 
785 
1,191 
1,500 
1,890 
2,381 
3,000 
3,780 

0 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
9 
11 
17 
24 
39 
67 
116 
194 
335 
581 
1,061 
1,336 
1,684 
2,121 
2,673 
3,367 

2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
9 
11 
17 
24 
39 
67 
116 
194 
335 
581 
1,061 
1,336 
1,684 
2,121 
2,673 
3,367 
4,243 

These different levels and their probability of default were calculated by using as a reference the rating scales and default rates provided 
by the external agencies Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. These calculations establish the levels of probability of default for the BBVA 
Group’s Master Rating Scale. Although this scale is common to the entire Group, the calibrations (mapping scores to PD sections/Master 
Rating Scale levels) are carried out at tool level for each country in which the Group has tools available. 

The table below outlines the distribution by probability of default within 12 months and stages of the gross carrying amount of loans and 
advances to customers in percentage terms of the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019 and 2018: 

Probability of default (basis points) 

December 2019 

December 2018 

Subject to 12 month ECL 
(Stage 1) 

Subject to lifetime ECL (Stage 
2) 

Subject to 12 month ECL 
(Stage 1) 

Subject to lifetime ECL 
(Stage 2) 

0 to 2 
2 to 5 
5 to 11 
11 to 39 
39 to 194 
194 to 1,061 
1,061 to 2,121 
> 2,121
Total 

% 

5.5 
6.3 
14.6 
24.5 
24.5 
14.0 
1.4 
0.4 
91.0 

% 

- 
- 
0.2 
0.8 
1.6 
3.6 
1.2 
1.5 
9.0 

% 

9.6 
10.8 
6.3 
20.9 
30.1 
12.2 
1.6 
0.2 
91.7 

% 

- 
0.1 
- 
0.4 
1.8 
3.6 
1.2 
1.2 
8.3 

7.1.5 

Impaired secured loan risks 

The breakdown of loans and advances, within financial assets at amortized cost, non-performing and accumulated impairment, as well 
as the gross carrying amount, by counterparties as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

P.55 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Non-performing 
loans and advances 

Accumulated 
impairment  

Non-performing 
loans and 
advances as a 
% of the total 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 

Mining and quarrying 

Manufacturing 

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 

Water supply 

Construction 

Wholesale and retail trade 

Transport and storage 

Accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communications 

Financial and insurance activities 

Real estate activities 

Professional, scientific and technical activities 

Administrative and support service activities 
Public administration and defense; compulsory social 
security 
Education 

Human health services and social work activities 

Arts, entertainment and recreation 

Other services 

Households 

LOANS AND ADVANCES 

4,285 

28,281 

13,664 

11,239 

173,254 

3,758 

4,669 

39,517 

12,305 

900 

10,945 

27,467 

9,638 

8,703 

6,316 

6,864 

19,435 

4,375 

3,415 

282 

903 

4,696 

1,396 

7,671 

- 

88 

6 

17 

(9) 

(60) 

(15) 

(31) 

8,467 

(6,465) 

154 

100 

1,711 

684 

14 

1,377 

1,799 

507 

279 

95 

191 

782 

167 

118 

5 

41 

66 

47 

331 

(124) 

(86) 

(1,242) 

(575) 

(16) 

(876) 

(1,448) 

(392) 

(203) 

(65) 

(140) 

(527) 

(140) 

(134) 

(6) 

(38) 

(55) 

(39) 

(360) 

(5,847) 
(12,427) 

- 

0.3% 

- 

0.2% 

4.9% 

4.1% 

2.1% 

4.3% 

5.6% 

1.6% 

12.6% 

6.6% 

5.3% 

3.2% 

1.5% 

2.8% 

4.0% 

3.8% 

3.4% 

1.7% 

4.5% 

1.4% 

3.4% 

4.3% 

4.1% 
3.9% 

181,989 
412,711 

7,381 
15,959 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.56 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Central Banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 

Mining and quarrying 

Manufacturing 

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 

Water supply 

Construction 

Wholesale and retail trade 

Transport and storage 

Accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communication 

Financial and insurance activities 

Real estate activities 

Professional, scientific and technical activities 

Administrative and support service activities 
Public administration and defense, compulsory social 
security 
Education 

Human health services and social work activities 

Arts, entertainment and recreation 

Other services 

Households 

LOANS AND ADVANCES 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Non-performing 
loans and 
advances 

Accumulated 
impairment  

Non-
performing 
loans and 
advances as a 
% of the total 

3,947 

28,198 

9,175 

9,490 

170,182 

3,685 

4,952 

36,772 

13,853 

1,061 

11,899 

25,833 

9,798 

7,882 

5,238 

6,929 

17,272 

5,096 

3,162 

319 

912 

4,406 

1,323 

9,791 

178,355 
399,347 

- 

128 

10 

11 

8,372 

122 

96 

1,695 

585 

19 

1,488 

1,624 

459 

315 

113 

147 

834 

204 

128 

5 

31 

63 

59 

386 

7,838 
16,359 

(6) 

(84) 

(12) 

(22) 

(6,260) 

(107) 

(70) 

(1,134) 

(446) 

(15) 

(1,007) 

(1,259) 

(374) 

(204) 

(72) 

(128) 

(624) 

(171) 

(125) 

(7) 

(31) 

(63) 

(41) 

(382) 

(5,833) 
(12,217) 

-  

0.4% 

0.1% 

0.1% 

4.9% 

3.3% 

1.9% 

4.6% 

4.2% 

1.8% 

12.5% 

6.3% 

4.7% 

4.0% 

2.1% 

2.1% 

4.8% 

4.0% 

4.0% 

1.6% 

3.4% 

1.4% 

4.5% 

3.9% 

4.4% 
4.1% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.57 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Non-performing 

Accumulated 
impairment or 
Accumulated changes in 
fair value due to credit 
risk 

Non-performing 
loans and 
advances as a % 
of the total 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 

Mining and quarrying 

Manufacturing 

Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 

Water supply 

Construction 

Wholesale and retail trade 

Transport and storage 

Accommodation and food service activities 

Information and communication 

Real estate activities 

Professional, scientific and technical activities 

Administrative and support service activities 

Public administration and defense, compulsory social security 

Education 

Human health services and social work activities 

Arts, entertainment and recreation 

Other services 

Households 

LOANS AND ADVANCES 

171 

11 

12 

10,791 

166 

177 

1,239 

213 

29 

2,993 

1,706 

441 

362 

984 

1,171 

252 

188 

4 

31 

75 

69 

690 

8,417 
19,401 

(111) 

(36) 

(26) 

(7,538) 

(123) 

(123) 

(955) 

(289) 

(11) 

(1,708) 

(1,230) 

(353) 

(222) 

(256) 

(1,100) 

(183) 

(130) 

(6) 

(25) 

(68) 

(38) 

(716) 

(5,073) 
(12,784) 

0.5% 

0.3% 

0.1% 

6.3% 

4.3% 

3.7% 

3.6% 

1.8% 

4.5% 

20.1% 

5.9% 

4.2% 

4.3% 

17.0% 

7.9% 

3.8% 

6.3% 

1.9% 

3.4% 

1.7% 

4.6% 

4.3% 

4.7% 
4.5% 

The changes during the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 of impaired financial assets and contingent risks are as follow: 

Changes in impaired financial assets and contingent risks (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning  

Additions 

Decreases (*) 

Net additions 

Amounts written-off 

Exchange differences and other 

Balance at the end  

2019 

2018 

2017 

17,134 

9,857 

(5,874) 

3,983 

(3,803) 

(544) 

16,770 

20,590 

9,792 

(6,909) 

2,883 

(5,076) 

(1,264) 

17,134 

23,877 

10,856 

(7,771) 

3,085 

(5,758) 

(615) 

20,590 

 (*)   Reflects the total amount of impaired loans derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet throughout the year as a result of mortgage foreclosures 

and real estate assets received in lieu of payment as well as monetary recoveries (see Note 21). 

The changes during the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 in financial assets derecognized from the accompanying consolidated balance sheet 
as their recovery is considered unlikely ("write-offs"), is shown below: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.58 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Changes in impaired financial assets written-off from the balance sheet (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning  

Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year 

Increase 

Decrease: 

Re-financing or restructuring 

Cash recovery 

Foreclosed assets 

Sales  (*) 

Debt forgiveness 

Time-barred debt and other causes  

Net exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

(*) Includes principal and interest. 

Notes 

47 

2019 

32,343 

- 

4,712 

(11,039) 

(2) 

(919) 

(617) 

(8,325) 

(493) 

(682) 

230 

26,245 

2018 

30,139 

- 

6,164 

(4,210) 

(10) 

(589) 

(625) 

(1,805) 

(889) 

(292) 

250 

32,343 

2017 

29,347 

- 

5,986 

(4,442) 

(9) 

(558) 

(149) 

(2,284) 

(1,121) 

(321) 

(752) 

30,139 

As indicated in Note 2.2.1, although they have been derecognized from the consolidated balance sheet, the BBVA Group continues to 
attempt to collect on these written-off financial assets, until the rights to receive them are fully extinguished, either because it is a time-
barred financial asset, the financial asset is condoned, or other reason.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.59 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

7.1.6  Loss allowances 

Movements in gross accounting balances and accumulated allowances for loan losses during 2019 are recorded on the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, in order to cover the estimated loss allowances in loans and advances and debt 
securities measured at amortized cost. As for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the changes in the accumulated allowances 
are presented): 

Changes in gross accounting balances of loans and advances at amortized cost. 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Opening balance 
Transfers of financial assets: 

Transfers from stage 1 to Stage 2 

Transfers from stage 2 to Stage 1 

Transfers to Stage 3 

Transfers from Stage 3 

Net annual origination of financial assets 

Becoming write-offs 

Changes in model / methodology 

Foreign exchange 

Modifications that do not result in derecognition 

Other 

Closing balance 

Stage 1 

352,282 
(9,021) 

(13,546) 

5,656 

(1,571) 

440 

20,296 

(152) 

- 

1,611 

(1) 

(1,782) 

363,234 

Changes in allowances of loans and advances at amortized cost. 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Opening balance 
Transfers of financial assets: 

Transfers from stage 1 to Stage 2 

Transfers from stage 2 to Stage 1 

Transfers to Stage 3 

Transfers from Stage 3 

Net annual origination of allowances 

Becoming write-offs 

Changes in model / methodology 

Foreign exchange 

Modifications that do not result in derecognition 

Other 

Closing balance 

Stage 1 

(2,082) 

176 

126 

(38) 

89 

(1) 

(542) 

130 

- 

(30) 

(15) 

215 
(2,149) 

Stage 2 

30,707 
6,279 

13,546 

(5,656) 

(2,698) 

1,087 

(2,739) 

(349) 

- 

35 

(27) 

(388) 

33,518 

Stage 2 

(2,375) 

(227) 

(649) 

273 

234 

(86) 

(116) 

337 

- 

(18) 

(149) 

366 
(2,183) 

Stage 3 

16,359 
2,741 

- 

- 

4,269 

(1,527) 

246 

(3,407) 

- 

16 

15 

(11) 

15,959 

Stage 3 

(7,761) 

(1,574) 

- 

- 

(1,810) 

236 

(1,711) 

2,789 

- 

69 

(89) 

183 
(8,094) 

Total 

399,347 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

17,804 

(3,908) 

- 

1,662 

(13) 

(2,180) 

412,711 

Total 

(12,217) 

(1,626) 

(523) 

235 

(1,487) 

149 

(2,370) 

3,256 

- 

20 

(254) 

764 
(12,427) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.60 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets at amortized cost. 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Not credit-impaired 

Stage 1 

Stage 2 

Credit-
impaired 

Credit-
impaired  
(Stage 3) 

Total 

Loss 
allowances 

Loss allowances 
(collectively 
assessed) 

Loss allowances 
(individually 
assessed) 

Loss 
allowances 

Loss 
allowances 

Opening balance 
Transfers of financial assets: 

Transfers from Stage 1 to Stage 2 (not credit-impaired) 
Transfers from Stage 2 (not credit - impaired) to Stage 1 
Transfers to Stage 3 
Transfers from Stage 3 to Stage 1 or 2 
Changes without transfers between Stages 

New financial assets originated 
Purchased 
Disposals 
Repayments 
Write-offs 
Changes in model/ methodology 
Foreign exchange 
Modifications that result in derecognition 
Modifications that do not result in derecognition 
Other 
Closing balance 
Of which: Loans and advances 
Of which: Debt certificates 

(2,237) 
- 
208 
(125) 
55 
(7) 
358 
(1,072) 
- 
2 
641 
13 
- 
(84) 
5 
3 
135 
(2,106) 

(1,827) 
- 
(930) 
619 
282 
(126) 
(53) 
(375) 
- 
3 
432 
14 
- 
72 
10 
(8) 
133 
(1,753) 

(525) 
- 
(218) 
50 
564 
(68) 
(260) 
(244) 
- 
- 
118 
2 
- 
(93) 
25 
1 
20 
(628) 

(9,371) 
- 
- 
- 
(2,127) 
333 
(3,775) 
- 
- 
110 
1,432 
4,433 
- 
343 
98 
(362) 
1,111 
(7,777) 

(13,960) 
- 
(940) 
544 
(1,226) 
132 
(3,730) 
(1,692) 
- 
115 
2,623 
4,461 
- 
239 
138 
(366) 
1,399 
(12,264) 
(12,217) 
(46) 

Financial assets at amortized cost. 2017 (Millions of Euros) (*) 

Opening 
balance 

Increases due 
to amounts set 
aside  for 
estimated loan 
losses during 
the year 

Decreases due 
to amounts  
reversed for 
estimated loan 
losses during 
the year 

Decreases 
due to 
amounts 
taken 
against 
allowances 

Transfers 
between 
allowances 

Other 
adjustments 

Closing 
balance 

Recoveries  
recorded 
directly to 
the 
statement 
of profit or 
loss 

(10,937) 

(7,484) 

2,878 

4,503 

1,810 

526 

(8,703) 

558 

(144) 

- 

- 

(15) 

(26) 

(103) 

(26) 

- 

- 

(5) 

(4) 

(17) 

6 

- 

- 

4 

2 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

123 

- 

- 

16 

- 

107 

13 

(28) 

- 

- 

- 

13 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(16) 

(12) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Specific allowances for financial 
assets, individually and collectively 
estimated 

Debt securities 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Loans and advances 

(10,793) 

(7,458) 

2,872 

4,503 

1,687 

513 

(8,675) 

558 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Households 

- 

(39) 

(7) 

(25) 

(7,402) 

(3,319) 

- 

(70) 

(2) 

(287) 

(3,627) 

(3,472) 

- 

37 

2 

3 

- 

14 

- 

38 

1,993 

837 

3,029 

1,422 

- 

1 

- 

227 

(228) 

1,687 

- 

15 

1 

38 

- 

(42) 

(6) 

(7) 

636 

(5,599) 

(177) 

(3,022) 

Collective allowances for incurred 
but not reported losses on financial 
assets 

(5,270) 

(1,783) 

2,159 

1,537 

(1,328) 

557 

(4,130) 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances 

Total 

(46) 

(5,224) 

(16,206) 

(8) 

(1,776) 

(9,267) 

30 

2,128 

5,037 

1 

- 

3 

(21) 

1,536 

(1,328) 

554 

(4,109) 

6,038 

482 

1,083 

(12,833) 

558 

- 

1 

- 

- 

345 

212 

- 

- 

- 

  (*) Figures originally reported in the year 2017 in accordance to the applicable regulation. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.61 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

7.1.7  Refinancing and restructuring transactions  

Group policies and principles with respect to refinancing and restructuring transactions 

Refinancing and restructuring transactions (see definition in the Glossary) are carried out with customers who have requested such a 
transaction in order to meet their current loan payments if they are expected, or may be expected, to experience financial difficulty in 
making the payments in the future. 

The basic aim of a refinancing and restructuring transaction is to provide the customer with a situation of financial viability over time by 
adapting repayment of the loan incurred with the Group to the customer’s new situation of fund generation. The use of refinancing and 
restructuring for other purposes, such as to delay loss recognition, is contrary to BBVA Group policies.  

The BBVA Group’s refinancing and restructuring policies are based on the following general principles: 

Refinancing and restructuring is authorized according to the capacity of customers to pay the new installments. This is done by 
first identifying the origin of the payment difficulties and then carrying out an analysis of the customers’ viability, including an 
updated analysis of their economic and financial situation and capacity to pay and generate funds. If the customer is a company, 
the analysis also covers the situation of the industry in which it operates.  

  With the aim of increasing the solvency of the transaction, new guarantees and/or guarantors of demonstrable solvency are 
obtained  where  possible.  An  essential  part  of  this  process  is  an  analysis  of  the  effectiveness  of  both  the  new  and  original 
guarantees.  

This analysis is carried out from the overall customer or group perspective.  

Refinancing and restructuring transactions do not in general increase the amount of the customer’s loan, except for the expense 
inherent to the transaction itself.  

The capacity to refinance and restructure a loan is not delegated to the branches, but decided on by the risk units.  

The decisions made are reviewed from time to time with the aim of evaluating full compliance with refinancing and restructuring 
policies.  

These general principles are adapted in each case according to the conditions and circumstances of each geographical area in which the 
Group operates, and to the different types of customers involved. 

In the case of retail customers (private individuals), the main aim of the BBVA Group’s policy on refinancing and restructuring a loan is to 
avoid  default  arising  from  a  customer’s  temporary  liquidity  problems  by  implementing  structural  solutions  that  do  not  increase  the 
balance of the customer’s loan. The solution required is adapted to each case and the loan repayment is made easier, in accordance with 
the following principles:  

Analysis of the viability of transactions based on the customer’s willingness and ability to pay, which may be reduced, but should 
nevertheless  be  present.  The  customer  must  therefore  repay  at  least  the  interest  on  the  transaction  in  all  cases.  No 
arrangements may be concluded that involve a grace period for both principal and interest. 

Refinancing and restructuring of transactions is only allowed on those loans in which the BBVA Group originally entered into. 

Customers subject to refinancing and restructuring transactions are excluded from marketing campaigns of any kind. 

In the case of non-retail customers (mainly companies, enterprises and corporates), refinancing/restructuring is authorized according to 
an economic and financial viability plan based on: 

Forecasted  future  income,  margins  and  cash  flows  to  allow  entities  to  implement  cost  adjustment  measures  (industrial 
restructuring) and a business development plan that can help reduce the level of leverage to sustainable levels (capacity to 
access the financial markets). 

  Where appropriate, the existence of a divestment plan for assets and/or operating segments that can generate cash to assist 

the deleveraging process. 

The capacity of shareholders to contribute capital and/or guarantees that can support the viability of the plan. 

In  accordance  with  the  Group’s  policy,  the  conclusion  of  a  loan  refinancing  and  restructuring  transaction  does  not  mean  the  loan  is 
reclassified from "impaired" or "significant increase in credit risk" to normal risk. The reclassification to "significant increase in credit risk" 
or normal risk categories must be based on the analysis mentioned earlier of the viability, upon completion of the probationary periods 
described below.  

The Group maintains the policy of including risks related to refinanced and restructured loans as either: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.62 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

"Impaired assets", as although the customer is up to date with payments, they are classified as unlikely to pay when there are 
significant doubts that the terms of their refinancing may not be met; or 

"Significant increase in credit risk" until the conditions established for their consideration as normal risk are met. 

The assets classified as "Impaired assets" should comply with the following conditions in order to be reclassified to "Significant increase 
in credit risk": 

The customer has to have paid a significant part of the pending exposure. 

At least one year must have elapsed since its classification as "Impaired asset". 

The customer does not have past due payments. 

The conditions established for assets classified as “Significant increase in credit risk” to be reclassified out of this category are as follows: 

The customer must have paid past-due amounts (principal and interest) since the date of the renegotiation or restructuring of 
the loan or other objective criteria, demonstrating the borrower´s ability to pay, have been verified; none of its exposures is 
more than 30 days past-due. 

At least two years must have elapsed since completion of the renegotiation or restructuring of the loan and regular payments 
must have been made during at least half of this probation period; and 

It is unlikely that the customer will have financial difficulties and, therefore, it is expected that the customer will be able to meet 
its loan payment obligations (principal and interest) in a timely manner. 

The BBVA Group’s refinancing and restructuring policy provides for the possibility of two modifications in a 24 month period for loans that 
are not in compliance with the payment schedule. 

The internal models used to determine allowances for loan losses consider the restructuring and renegotiation of a loan, as well as re-
defaults  on  such  a  loan,  by  assigning  a  lower  internal  rating  to  restructured  and  renegotiated  loans  than  the  average  internal  rating 
assigned to non-restructured/renegotiated loans. This downgrade results in an increase in the probability of default (PD) assigned to 
restructured/renegotiated  loans  (with  the  resulting  PD  being  higher  than  the  average  PD  of  the  non-  renegotiated  loans  in  the  same 
portfolios). 

For quantitative information on refinancing and restructuring transactions see Appendix XI. 

7.1.8  Risk concentration 

Policies for preventing excessive risk concentration  

In  order  to  prevent  the  build-up  of  excessive  risk  concentrations  at  the  individual,  sector  and  portfolio  levels,  BBVA  Group  maintains 
updated maximum permitted risk concentration indices which are tied to the various observable variables related to concentration risk.  

Together with the limits for individual concentration, the Group uses the Herfindahl index to measure the concentration of the Group's 
portfolio and the banking group's subsidiaries. At the BBVA Group level, the index reached implies a "very low" degree of concentration. 

The limit on the Group’s exposure or financial commitment to a specific customer therefore depends on the customer’s credit rating, the 
nature of the risks involved, and the Group’s presence in a given market, based on the following guidelines: 

The aim is, as much as possible, to reconcile the customer's credit needs (commercial/financial, short-term/long-term, etc.) 
with the interests of the Group. 

Any legal limits that may exist concerning risk concentration are taken into account (relationship between risks with a customer 
and the capital of the shareholder´s entity that assumes them), the markets, the macroeconomic situation, etc. 

Risk concentrations by geography 

The breakdown of the main figures in the most significant foreign currencies in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is set forth 
in Appendix XII. 

Sovereign risk concentration  

Sovereign risk management 

The risk associated with the transactions involving sovereign risk is identified, measured, controlled and tracked by a centralized unit 
integrated in the BBVA Group’s Risk Area. Its basic functions involve the preparation of reports in the countries where sovereign risk exists 
(called “financial programs”), tracking such risks, assigning ratings to these countries and, in general, supporting the Group in terms of 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.63 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

reporting requirements for any transactions involving sovereign risk. The risk policies established in the financial programs are approved 
by the relevant risk committees. 

The country risk unit tracks the evolution of the risks associated with the various countries to which the Group are exposed (including 
sovereign risk) on an ongoing basis in order to adapt its risk and mitigation policies to any macroeconomic and political changes that may 
occur. Moreover, it regularly updates its internal ratings and forecasts for these countries. The methodology is based on the assessment 
of quantitative and qualitative parameters which are in line with those used by certain multilateral organizations such as the International 
Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, rating agencies and export credit organizations. 

For additional information on sovereign risk in Europe see Appendix XII. 

Valuation and impairment methods 

The valuation methods used to assess the instruments that are subject to sovereign risks are the same ones used for other instruments 
included in the relevant portfolios and are detailed in Note 8.  

Specifically, the fair value of sovereign debt securities of European countries has been considered equivalent to their listed price in active 
markets (Level 1 as defined in Note 8). 

Risk related to the developer and Real-Estate sector in Spain 

The relative weight of the investment in Real Estate developments has dramatically decreased during the last years, especially since 2014. 
A corporate sales policy has been rolled out to eliminate those real estate assets from the balance sheet which have been most difficult to 
be commercialized. The sales of 80% of the Group’s share in Divarian and of other performing and NPL wholesale portfolios to Funds and 
specialized investors have been some of the most relevant transactions (see Note 3). 

Policies and strategies established by the Group to deal with risks related to the developer and real-estate sector 

BBVA has teams specializing in the management of the Real-Estate Sector risk, given its economic importance and specific technical 
component. This specialization is not only in the Risk-Acceptance teams, but throughout the handling, commercial, problem risks and 
legal, etc. It also includes the research department of the BBVA Group (BBVA Research), which helps determine the medium/long-term 
vision needed to manage this portfolio. 

The policies  est ablished to  address  the  risks  related  to  the  developer  and  real- estate sector,  aim  to  accomplish,  among others,  the  
following objectives: to avoid concentration in terms of customers, products and regions; to estimate the risk profile for the portfolio; and 
to anticipate possible worsening of the portfolio within a sector is highly cyclic. 

Specific policies for analysis and granting of new developer risk transactions 

In  the  analysis  of  new  operations,  the  assessment  of  the  commercial  operation  in  terms  of  the  economic  and  financial  viability  of  the 
project has been one of the constant. 

The monitoring of the work, the sales and the legal situation of the project are essential aspects for the admission and follow-up of new 
real estate  operations.  With  regard  the  participation  of  the  Risk  Acceptance  teams,  they  have  a  direct  link  and  participate  in  the  
committees of areas such as Valuation, Legal, Research and Recoveries. This guarantees coordination and exchange of information in all 
the processes. 

The following strategies have been implemented with customers in the developer sector: avoidance of large corporate transactions, which 
had already reduced their share in the years of greatest market growth. Additionally, very restrictive limits have been established for the 
second-home market and for the of land operations. Feasibility studies, at project level, are performed by doing a contrast analysis in the 
pre-commercialization phase, with an appropriate funding cycle and in locations with low commercialization risk. 

Risk monitoring policies 

The base information for analyzing the real estate portfolios is updated monthly. The tools used include the so-called “watch-list”, which 
is updated monthly with the progress of each client under watch, and the different strategic plans for management of special groups. 
There are plans that involve an intensification of the review of the portfolio for financing land, while, in the case of ongoing promotions, 
they are classified based on the rate of progress of the projects. This implies a comparison of the progress of the work and the sales, 
including a scoreboard which enables the persons in charge to detect timely any deviation from the project’s initial plan. 

Since 2013, there are no threats of new defaults in the portfolio. 

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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Proper management of the relationship with each customer requires knowledge of various aspects such as an analysis of the company’s 
future viability, the updating of the information on the debtor and the guarantors (their current situation and business course, economic-
financial information, debt analysis and generation of funds), and the updating of the appraisal of the assets offered as collateral. BBVA 
has a classification of debtors according to the provisions in each country, in general, categorizing the degree of problem of each risk.

The volume of restructurings during 2019 and 2018 has not been significant, being close to zero. 

Policies applied in the management of real estate assets in Spain 

Regarding  the  financing  of  real  estate,  a  new  regulation  has  been  updated  in  2018  in  which  recommendations  for  the 
promotion  of residential real estate are established. 

The recommendations represent guidelines about how to manage the credit admission activity of BBVA Group entities based on best 
practices  of  markets  in  which  this  activity  is  performed.  It  is  expected  that  a  high  percentage  of  the  current  transactions  will  be  in 
compliance with the latter. 

The guidelines apply to new transactions with clients which are not classified as impaired or Watchlist (WL1 or WL2). 

The policies deriving from the guidelines foresee a prudential intervention in a market which has changed its cycle in almost all of the 
geographies  and  which  is  showing  a  more  sustainable  behavior  in  terms  of  demography,  employment  and  economic  and  investment 
capacities. 

For quantitative information about the risk related to the developer and Real-Estate sector in Spain see Appendix XII.  

7.2 

Market risk 

7.2.1  Market risk in trading portfolios 
Market risk originates in the possibility that there may be losses in the value of positions held due to movements in the market 
variables that impact the valuation of traded financial products and assets. The main risks can be classified as follows: 

Interest-rate  risk:  This  arises  as a  result  of  exposure  to  movements  in  the  different  interest-rate  curves  involved  in  trading. 
Although  the  typical  products  that  generate  sensitivity  to  the  movements  in  interest  rates  are  money-market  products 
(deposits,  interest-rate  futures,  call  money  swaps,  etc.)  and  traditional  interest-rate  derivatives  (swaps  and  interest-rate 
options such as caps, floors, swaptions, etc.), practically all the financial products are exposed to interest-rate movements due 
to the effect that such movements have on the valuation of the financial discount. 

Equity  risk:  This  arises  as  a  result  of  movements  in  share  prices.  This  risk  is  generated  in  spot  positions  in  shares  or  any 
derivative products whose underlying asset is a share or an equity index. Dividend risk is a sub-risk of equity risk, arising as an 
input for any equity option. Its variation may affect the valuation of positions and it is therefore a factor that generates risk on 
the books. 

Exchange-rate risk: This is caused by movements in the exchange rates of the different currencies in which a position is held. 
As in the case of equity risk, this risk is generated in spot currency positions, and in any derivative product whose underlying 
asset is an exchange rate. In addition, the quanto effect (operations where the underlying asset and the instrument itself are 
denominated  in  different  currencies) means  that  in  certain  transactions  in  which  the  underlying  asset  is  not  a  currency,  an 
exchange-rate risk is generated that has to be measured and monitored. 

Credit-spread risk: Credit spread is an indicator of an issuer's credit quality. Spread risk occurs due to variations in the levels of 
spread of both corporate and government issues, and affects positions in bonds and credit derivatives. 

Volatility risk: This occurs as a result of changes in the levels of implied price volatility of the different market instruments on 
which derivatives are traded. This risk, unlike the others, is exclusively a component of trading in derivatives and is defined as a 
first-order convexity risk that is generated in all possible underlying assets in which there are products with options that require 
a volatility input for their valuation.  

The metrics developed to control and monitor market risk in the BBVA Group are aligned with market practices and are implemented 
consistently across all the local market risk units.  

Measurement procedures are established in terms of the possible impact of negative market conditions on the trading portfolio of the 
Group's Global Markets units, both under ordinary circumstances and in situations of heightened risk factors. 

The  standard  metric  used  to  measure  market  risk  is Value  at  Risk  (“VaR”), which  indicates  the  maximum  loss  that  may  occur  in  the 
portfolios at a given  confidence level (99%) and time horizon (one day). This statistic value is widely used in the market and  has the 
advantage of summing up in a single metric the risks inherent to trading activity, taking into account how they are related and providing a 
prediction of the loss that the trading book could sustain as a result of fluctuations in equity prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates 

P.65
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

and  credit  spreads.  The  market  risk  analysis  considers  various  risks,  such  as  credit  spread  risk,  basis  risk,  as  well  as  volatility  and 
correlation risk.  

With respect to the risk measurement models used by the BBVA Group, the Bank of Spain has authorized the use of the internal market 
risk model to determine bank capital requirements deriving from risk positions on the BBVA, S.A. and BBVA Mexico trading book, which 
jointly accounted for around 72%, 76% and 70% of the Group’s trading-book market risk as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. For 
the rest of the geographical areas where the Group operates (applicable mainly to the Group´s South America subsidiaries, Garanti BBVA 
and BBVA USA), bank capital for the risk positions in the trading book is calculated using the Standardized Approach defined by the Basel 
Committee on Banking Supervision (which is referred to herein as the "standard model”). 

The main headings in the consolidated balance sheet of the Group which are exposed to market risk, are positions whose main metric to 
measure the market risk is the VaR. The table below shows, by accounting line of the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, 
2018 and 2017, the traded financial products and assets of trading for those geographical areas that use Internal Model (BBVA, S.A. and 
BBVA Mexico): 

Headings of the balance sheet under market risk (Millions of Euros) 

Assets subject to market risk 

Financial assets held for trading 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

Main market risk 
metrics - VaR 

Main market risk 
metrics -  
Others (*) 

Main market risk 
metrics - VaR 

Main market risk 
metrics -  
Others (*) 

Main market risk 
metrics - VaR 

Main market risk 
metrics -  
Others (*) 

96,461 

1,671 

114,156 

124 

59,008 

441 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

7,089 

24,691 

5,652 

Of which: Equity instruments 

Derivatives - Hedging accounting 

Liabilities subject to market risk 

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Derivatives - Hedging accounting 

(*) 

Includes mainly assets and liabilities managed by ALCO. 

-

628 

- 

74,967 

671 

1,783 

840 

- 

12,677 

1,183 

-

688 

- 

67,859 

550 

19,125 

2,046 

1,061 

- 

11,011 

910 

5,661 

24,083 

-

829 

- 

42,468 

1,157 

2,404 

1,397 

- 

2,526 

638 

Although the table above provides information on the financial positions in our trading portfolio subject to market risk and therefore VaR 
measurement,  such  information  is  provided  for  information  purposes  only  and  does  not  reflect  how  market  risk  in  trading  activity  is 
managed. 

The current management structure includes the monitoring of market-risk limits, consisting of a scheme of limits based on VaR, economic 
capital (based on VaR measurements) and VaR sub-limits, as well as stop-loss limits for each of the Group’s business units.  

The model used estimates VaR in accordance with the historical simulation methodology, which involves estimating losses and gains that 
would have taken place in the current portfolio if the changes in market conditions that took place over a specific period of time in the past 
were repeated. Based on this information, it predicts the maximum expected loss of the current portfolio within a given confidence level. 
This model has the advantage of reflecting precisely the historical distribution of the market variables and not assuming any specific 
distribution of probability. The historical period used in this model is two years. 

VaR figures are estimated with the following methodologies: 

VaR without smoothing, which awards equal weight to the daily information for the previous two years. This is currently the 
official methodology for measuring market risks for the purpose of monitoring compliance with risk limits. 

VaR with smoothing, which gives a greater weight to more recent market information. This metric supplements the previous 
one.  

At the same time, and following the guidelines established by the Spanish and European authorities, BBVA incorporates metrics in addition 
to VaR with the aim of meeting the Bank of Spain's regulatory requirements with respect to the calculation of bank capital for the trading 
book. Specifically, the measures incorporated in the Group since December 2011 (stipulated by Basel 2.5) are: 

VaR: In regulatory terms, the VaR charge incorporates the stressed VaR charge, and the sum of the two (VaR and stressed VaR) 
is  calculated.  This  quantifies  the  losses  associated  with  the  movements  of  the  risk  factors  inherent  to  market  operations 
(including  interest-rate  risk,  exchange-rate  risk,  equity  risk  and  credit  risk,  among  others).  Both  VaR  and  stressed  VaR  are 
rescaled by a regulatory multiplier set at three and by the square root of ten to calculate the capital charge. 

Specific Risk - Incremental Risk Capital (“IRC”) Quantification of the risks of default and downgrading of the credit ratings of the 
bond and credit derivative positions in the portfolio. The IRC charge is exclusively applied in entities in respect of which the 
internal market risk model is used (i.e., BBVA, S.A. and BBVA Mexico). The IRC charge is determined based on the associated 
losses  (calculated at 99.9% confidence level over a one year horizon under the hypothesis of constant risk) due to a rating 

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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

change and/or default of the issuer with respect to an asset. In addition, the price risk is included in sovereign positions for the 
specified items. 

Specific  Risk  -  Securitization  and  correlation  portfolios.  Capital  charges  for  securitizations  and  correlation  portfolios  are 
assessed based on the potential losses associated with the rating level of a specific credit structure. They are calculated by the 
standard  model.  The  scope  of  the  correlation  portfolios  refers  to  the  First  To  Default  (FTD)-type  market  operation  and/or 
tranches of market CDOs and only for positions with an active market and hedging capacity. 

Validity tests are performed regularly on the risk measurement models used by the Group. They estimate the maximum loss that could 
have been incurred in the assessed positions with a certain level of probability (backtesting), as well as measurements of the impact of 
extreme market events on risk positions (stress testing). As an additional control measure, backtesting is conducted at a trading desk 
level in order to enable more specific monitoring of the validity of the measurement models. 

Market risk in 2019 

The Group’s market risk related to its trading portfolio remained at low levels compared to other risks managed by BBVA, particularly 
credit risk. This is due to the nature of the business. In 2019 the average VaR was €19 million, below the figure of 2018, with a high on 
September 13, 2019 of €25 million. The evolution in the BBVA Group’s market risk during 2019, measured as VaR without smoothing (see 
Glossary) with a 99% confidence level and a 1-day horizon (shown in millions of Euros) is as follows: 

By type of market risk assumed by the Group's trading portfolio, the main risk factor for the Group continued to be that linked to interest 
rates, with a weight of 58% of the total at December 31, 2019 (this figure includes the spread risk). The relative weight of this risk has 
increased compared with the close of 2018 (55%). Exchange-rate risk accounted for 13% of the total risk, decreasing its weight with 
respect to December 2018 (14%), while equity, volatility and correlation risk has decreased, with a weight of 29% at the close of 2019 (vs. 
31% at the close of 2018). 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 the VaR was €20 million, €17 million and €22 million, respectively. The total VaR figures for 2019, 
2018 and 2017 can be broken down as follows: 

 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

VaR by Risk Factor (Millions of Euros) 

Interest/Spread 
risk 

Currency risk 

Stock-market 
risk 

Vega/Correlation 
risk 

Diversification 
effect(*) 

Total 

December 2019 

VaR average in the year 

VaR max in the year 

VaR min in the year 

End of period VaR 

December 2018 

VaR average in the year 

VaR max in the year 

VaR min in the year 

End of period VaR 

December 2017 

VaR average in the year 

VaR max in the year 

VaR min in the year 

End of period VaR 

21 

28 

13 

24 

20 

23 

17 

19 

25 

27 

23 

23 

6 

6 

5 

5 

6 

7 

6 

5 

10 

11 

7 

7 

4 

3 

5 

5 

4 

6 

4 

3 

3 

2 

4 

4 

9 

9 

9 

8 

9 

11 

7 

7 

13 

12 

14 

14 

(20) 

(21) 

(18) 

(22) 

(20) 

(21) 

(18) 

(17) 

(23) 

(19) 

(26) 

(26) 

19 

25 

14 

20 

21 

26 

16 

17 

27 

34 

22 

22 

(*) 

The  diversification  effect  is  the  difference  between the  sum  of  the  average  individual risk  factors  and  the  total VaR  figure that  includes  the  implied  correlation 
between all the variables and scenarios used in the measurement. 

Validation of the internal market risk model 

The  internal  market  risk  model  is  validated  on  a  regular  basis  by  backtesting  in  both,  BBVA,  S.A.  and  Global  Markets  Mexico  (BBVA 
Mexico). The aim of backtesting is to validate the quality and precision of the internal market risk model used by BBVA Group to estimate 
the maximum daily loss of a portfolio, at a 99% level of confidence and a 250-day time horizon, by comparing the Group's results and the 
risk measurements generated by the internal market risk model. These tests showed that the internal market risk model of both, BBVA, 
S.A. and BBVA Mexico is adequate and precise. 

Two types of backtesting have been carried out in 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

"Hypothetical" backtesting: the daily VaR is compared with the results obtained, not taking into account the intraday results or 
the changes in the portfolio positions. This validates the appropriateness of the market risk metrics for the end-of-day position. 

"Real" backtesting: the daily VaR is compared with the total results, including intraday transactions, but discounting the possible 
minimum charges or fees involved. This type of backtesting includes the intraday risk in portfolios. 

In addition, each of these two types of backtesting was carried out at a risk factor or business type level, thus making a deeper comparison 
of the results with respect to risk measurements. 

For the period between the year ended December 31, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2019, the backtesting of the internal VaR 
calculation model was carried out, comparing the daily results obtained to the risk level estimated by the internal VaR calculation model. 
At the end of the year the comparison showed the internal VaR calculation model was working correctly, within the "green" zone (0-4 
exceptions),  thus  validating  the  internal  VaR  calculation  model,  as  has  occurred  each  year  since  the  internal  market  risk  model  was 
approved for the Group.  

Stress testing 

A number of stress tests are carried out on the BBVA Group's trading portfolios. First, global and local historical scenarios are used that 
replicate the behavior of an extreme past event, such as for example the collapse of Lehman Brothers or the "Tequilazo" crisis. These 
stress tests are complemented with simulated scenarios, where the aim is to generate scenarios that have a significant impact on the 
different portfolios, but without being anchored to any specific historical scenario. Finally, for some portfolios or positions, fixed stress 
tests are also carried out that have a significant impact on the market variables affecting these positions. 

Historical scenarios 

The historical benchmark stress scenario for the BBVA Group is Lehman Brothers, whose sudden collapse in September 2008 led to a 
significant  impact  on  the  behavior  of  financial  markets  at  a  global  level.  The  following  are  the  most  relevant  effects  of  this  historical 
scenario: 

Credit shock: reflected mainly in the increase of credit spreads and downgrades in credit ratings.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Increased  volatility  in  most  of  the  financial  markets  (giving  rise  to  a  great  deal  of  variation  in  the  prices  of  different  assets 
(currency, equity, debt). 

Liquidity shock in the financial systems, reflected by a major movement in interbank curves, particularly in the shortest sections 
of the euro and dollar curves. 

Simulated scenarios 

Unlike the historical scenarios, which are fixed and therefore not suited to the composition of the risk portfolio at all times, the scenario 
used  for  the  exercises  of  economic  stress  is  based  on  resampling  methodology.  This  methodology  is  based  on  the  use  of  dynamic 
scenarios that are recalculated periodically depending on the main risks affecting the trading portfolios. On a data window wide enough to 
collect different periods of stress (data are taken from January 1, 2008 until the date of the assessment), a simulation is performed by 
resampling of historic observations, generating a distribution of losses and gains that serve to analyze the most extreme of births in the 
selected historical window. The advantage of  this methodology is  that the period of stress is not predetermined, but depends on  the 
portfolio maintained at each time, and making a large number of simulations (10,000 simulations) allows a greater richness of information 
for the analysis of expected shortfall than what is available in the scenarios included in the calculation of VaR. 

The main features of this approach are: a) the generated simulations respect the correlation structure of the data, b) there is flexibility in 
the inclusion of new risk factors and c) it allows the introduction of a lot of variability in the simulations (desirable for considering extreme 
events). 

The impact of the stress test under multivariable simulation of the risk factors of the portfolio based on the expected shortfall (expected 
shortfall calculated at a 95% confidence level, 20 days) as of December 31, 2019 is as follows: 

Impact of the stress test  (Millions of Euros) 

Europe 

Mexico 

Peru  Venezuela  Argentina  Colombia 

Turkey 

The United 
States 

0 

Expected shortfall 

(112) 

(68) 

(23) 

- 

(4) 

(5) 

(9) 

(3) 

7.2.2  Financial Instruments offset 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  may  be  netted  in  certain  cases.  In  particular,  they  are  presented  for a  net  amount  on  the  consolidated 
balance  sheet  only  when  the  Group's  entities  satisfy  the  provisions  of  IAS  32-Paragraph  42,  so  they  have  both  the  legal  right  to  net 
recognized amounts, and the intention of settling the net amount or of realizing the asset and simultaneously paying the liability. 

In addition, the Group has presented as gross amounts assets and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet for which there are master 
netting arrangements in place, but for which there is no intention of settling the net amount. The most common types of events that trigger 
the  netting  of  reciprocal  obligations  are  bankruptcy  of  the  entity,  surpassing  certain  level  of  indebtedness  threshold,  failure  to  pay, 
restructuring and dissolution of the entity. 

In  the  current  market  context,  derivatives  are  contracted  under  different  framework  contracts  being  the  most  widespread  the  ones 
developed by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (“ISDA”) and, for the Spanish market, the Framework Agreement on 
Financial Transactions (“CMOF”). Almost all portfolio derivative transactions have been concluded  under these framework contracts, 
including in them the netting clauses mentioned in the preceding paragraph as "Master Netting Agreement", greatly reducing the credit 
exposure  on  these  instruments.  Additionally,  in  contracts  signed  with  counterparties,  the  collateral  agreement  annexes  called  Credit 
Support Annex (“CSA”) are included, thereby minimizing exposure to a potential default of the counterparty. 

Moreover, many of the transactions involving assets purchased or sold under a repurchase agreement are transacted through clearing 
houses that articulate mechanisms to reduce counterparty risk, as well as through the signing of various master agreements for bilateral 
transactions,  the  most  widely  used  being  the  Global  Master  Repurchase  Agreement  (GMRA),  published  by  the  International  Capital 
Market  Association  (“ICMA”),  to  which  the  clauses  related  to  the  collateral  exchange  are  usually  added  within  the  text  of  the  master 
agreement itself. 

 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

A  summary  of  the  effect  of  offsetting  (via  netting  and  collateral)  for  derivatives  and  securities  operations  is  presented  below  as  of 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Reverse repurchase, securities 
borrowing and similar agreements 
Total Assets 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Repurchase, securities lending and 
similar agreements 

Notes 

10, 15 

10, 15 

Gross 
amounts 
recognized 
(A) 
37,302 

35,805 

73,107 
39,646 

45,977 

Gross amounts not offset in 
the consolidated balance 
sheets (D) 

Gross 
amounts 
offset in the 
consolidated 
balance 
sheets (B) 

Net amount 
presented in 
the 
consolidated 
balance sheets 
(C=A-B) 

Financial 
instruments 

Cash 
collateral 
received/ 
pledged 

Net amount 
(E=C-D) 

2,388 

34,914 

25,973 

8,210 

21 

35,784 

35,618 

204 

2,409 
2,394 

70,698 
37,252 

61,591 
25,973 

8,415 
10,613 

21 

45,956 

45,239 

420 

731 

(39) 

692 
667 

297 

964 

Total Liabilities 

85,623 

2,414 

83,209 

71,212 

11,033 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Gross Amounts Not Offset 
in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets (D) 

  Notes 

Gross 
amounts 
recognized 
(A) 

Gross 
amounts 
offset in the 
consolidated 
balance 
sheets (B) 

Net amount 
presented in 
the 
consolidated 
balance 
sheets (C=A-
B) 

Financial 
instruments 

Cash 
collateral 
received/ 
pledged 

Net amount 
(E=C-D) 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Reverse repurchase, securities borrowing 
and similar agreements 
Total Assets 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Repurchase, securities lending and 
similar agreements 

Total liabilities 

10, 15 

49,908 

16,480 

33,428 

25,024 

7,790 

10, 15 

28,074 

77,982 
51,596 

43,035 

42 

28,032 

28,022 

169 

16,522 
17,101 

61,460 
34,494 

53,046 
25,024 

7,959 
6,788 

42 

42,993 

42,877 

34 

613 

(159) 

454 
2,682 

82 

94,631 

17,143 

77,487 

67,901 

6,822 

2,765 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Gross Amounts Not Offset 
in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets (D) 

Financial 
instruments 

Cash 
collateral 
received/ 
pledged 

Net amount 
(E=C-D) 

Gross 
amounts 
offset in the 
consolidated 
balance 
sheets (B) 

11,584 

Net amount 
presented in 
the 
consolidated 
balance 
sheets (C=A-
B) 
37,749 

  Notes 

10, 15 

10, 15 

Gross 
amounts 
recognized 
(A) 

49,333 

26,426 

75,759 

50,693 

40,134 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Reverse repurchase, securities borrowing 
and similar agreements 
Total Assets 

Trading and hedging derivatives 
Repurchase, securities lending and 
similar agreements 

Total Liabilities 

27,106 

7,442 

56 

26,369 

26,612 

141 

11,641 

11,644 

64,118 

39,049 

53,717 

27,106 

7,583 

8,328 

56 

40,078 

40,158 

21 

3,202 

(384) 

2,818 

3,615 

(101) 

3,514 

90,827 

11,701 

79,126 

67,264 

8,349 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The amount of recognized financial instruments within derivatives includes the effect in case of compensation with counterparties with 
which the Group holds netting agreements, while, for repos, it reflects the market value of the collateral associated with the transaction. 

7.3  Structural risk 

The structural risks are defined, in general terms, as the possibility of sustaining losses due to adverse movements in market risk factors 
as a result of mismatches in the financial structure of an entity´s balance sheet. 

In the Group, the following types of structural risks are defined, according to the nature and the following market factors: interest rate, 
exchange rate and equity. 

The  scope  of  structural  risks  in  the  Group  is  limited  to  the  banking  book,  excluding  market  risks  in  the  trading  book  that  are  clearly 
delimited and separated and make up the Market Risks.  

The Assets and Liabilities Committee (ALCO) is the main responsible body for the management of structural risks regarding liquidity/ 
funding interest rate, currency, equity and solvency. Every month, with the participation of the CEO and representatives from the areas of 
Finance, Risks and Business Areas, this committee monitors the structural risks and is presented with proposals for managing them for 
its approval. These management proposals are made proactively by the Finance area, taking into account the risk appetite framework and 
with the aim of guaranteeing recurrent earnings and financial stability and preserving the entity's solvency.  All balance management units 
have  a  local  ALCO,  which  is  permanently  attended  by  members  of  the  corporate  center,  and  there  is  a  corporate  ALCO  where 
management strategies are monitored and presented in the Group's subsidiaries. 

Global  Risk  Management  (GRM) area  acts  as  an  independent  unit,  ensuring  adequate  separation  between  the  management  and  risk 
control functions, and is responsible for ensuring that the structural risks in the Group are managed according to the strategy approved 
by the Board of Directors. 

Consequently,  GRM  deals  with  the  identification,  measurement,  monitoring  and  control  of  those  risks  and  their  reporting  to  the 
corresponding corporate bodies. Through the Global Risk Management Committee (GRMC), it performs the function of control and risk 
assessment  and  is  responsible  for  developing  the  strategies,  policies,  procedures  and  infrastructure  necessary  to  identify,  evaluate, 
measure and manage the significant risks that the BBVA Group faces. To this end, GRM, through the corporate unit of Structural Risks, 
proposes a scheme of limits and alerts that defines the risk appetite set for each of the relevant structural risk types, both at Group level 
and by management units, which will be reviewed annually, reporting the situation periodically to the Group's corporate bodies as well as 
to the GRMC. 

In addition, both, the management as well as the control and measurement system of the structural risks need to be adjusted necessarily 
to the Group’s internal control model, in compliance therefore with the related evaluation and certification processes included. In this 
regard, the required tasks and controls have been identified and documented, which allows the Bank to dispose of a regulatory framework 
that includes precise processes and measures for structural risks with a global perspective from a geographical point of view. 

BBVA’s internal control model, which is based on the high standards, is included within the three lines of defense. The Finance area is the 
first line of defense, by being in charge of the structural risk management, whereas GRM is in charge of the identification of the risks and 
establishes policies and control models, which are periodically evaluated with regard to their performance. 

Within the second line of defense are located Internal Risk Control, which independently reviews the structural risk controls, and one entity 
of Internal Financial Control, which reviews the design and the effectiveness of the operating management controls. 

Internal Audit, which works with total independence, represents the third line of defense and reviews specific controls and processes. 

7.3.1  Structural interest rate risk 

The structural interest-rate risk (“IRRBB”) is related to the potential impact that variations in market interest rates have on an entity's net 
interest  income  and  equity.  In  order  to  properly  measure  IRRBB,  BBVA  takes  into  account  the  main  sources  that  generate  this  risk: 
repricing risk, yield curve risk, option risk and basis risk, which are analyzed with an integral vision, combining two complementary points 
of view: net interest income (short term) and economic value (long term). 

The exposure of a financial entity to adverse interest rates movements is a risk inherent to the development of the banking business, which 
is also, in turn, an opportunity to create economic value. Therefore, interest rate risk must be effectively managed so that it is limited in 
accordance with the entity’s equity and in line with the expected economic result. 

This function falls to the Global ALM (Asset & Liability Management) unit, within the Finance area, who, through ALCO, aims to guarantee 
the recurrence of results and preserve the solvency of the entity, always adhering to the risk profile defined by the management bodies of 
the BBVA Group. The interest rate risk management of the balance sheet aims to promote the stability of the net interest income and 
book value with respect to changes in market interest rates, types of markets in the different balance-sheets, while respecting solvency 
and internal limits, as well as complying with current and future regulatory requirements. Likewise, a specific monitoring of the banking 

 
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book instruments registered at market value (fair value) is developed, which due to their accounting treatment have an impact on results 
and / or equity. 

In this regard, the BBVA Group maintains an exposure to fluctuations on interest rates according to its objective strategy and risk profile, 
being carried out in a decentralized and independent manner in each of the banking entities that compose its structural balance-sheet. 

The management is carried out in accordance with the guidelines established by the European Banking Authority (EBA), with a monitoring 
of interest rate risk metrics, with the aim of analyzing the potential impact that could be derived from the range of scenarios in the different 
balance-sheets of the Group. 

Nature of Interest Rate Risk  

Repricing risk arises due to the difference between the repricing or maturity terms of the assets and liabilities, and represents the most 
frequent interest rate risk faced by financial entities. However, other sources of risk as changes in the slope and shape of the yield curve, 
the reference to different indexes and the optionality risk embedded in certain banking transactions, are also taken into account by the 
risk control system. 

BBVA's structural interest-rate risk management process is formed from a set of metrics and tools that enables the capture of additional 
sources to properly monitor the risk profile of the Group, backed-up by an assumptions set that aims to characterize the behavior of the 
balance sheet items with the maximum accuracy. 

The IRRBB measurement is carried out on a monthly basis, and includes probabilistic measures based on methods of scenario simulation, 
which enables to capture additional sources of risk to the parallel shifts, as the changes in slope and shape of the yield curve. Additionally, 
sensitivity analysis to multiple parallel shocks of different magnitude are also assessed on a regular basis. The process is run separately 
for each currency to which the Group is exposed, considering, at a later stage, the diversification effect among currencies and business 
units. 

The risk measurement model is complemented by the assessment of ad-hoc scenarios and stress tests. As stress testing has become 
more relevant during the recent years, the evaluation of extreme scenarios of rupture of historical interest rates levels, correlations and 
volatility has continued to be enhanced, while assessing, also, BBVA Research market scenarios. 

During 2019 the Group has worked on the enhancement of the control and management model according to the guidelines established 
by the EBA on the management of interest rate risk in the banking book. It is worth highlighting, among other aspects, the reinforcement 
of stress analysis incorporating the assessment of the impacts on the main balance sheets of the Group that could derive from the range 
of interest rate scenarios defined in accordance with the aforementioned EBA guidelines. 

Key assumptions of the model 

In order to measure structural interest rate risk, the setting of assumptions on the evolution and behavior of certain balance sheet items 
is particularly relevant, especially those related to products without an explicit or contractual maturity. 

The  assumptions  that  characterize  these  balance  sheet  items  must  be  understandable  for  the  areas  and  bodies  involved  in  risk 
management  and  control  and  remain  duly  justified  and  documented.  The  modeling  of  these  assumptions  must  be  conceptually 
reasonable and consistent with the evidence based on historical experience, reviewed at least once a year. 

In  view  of  the  heterogeneity  of  the  financial  markets  and  the  availability  of  historical  data,  each  one  of  the  entities  of  the  Group  is 
responsible  for  determining  the  behavior  assumptions  to  be  applied  to  the  balance  sheet  items,  always  under  the  guidelines  and  the 
applicability of the corporate models existing in the Group. 

Among the balance sheet assumptions stand out those established for the treatment of items without contractual maturity, mainly for 
demand customer deposits, and those related to the expectations on the exercise of interest rate options, especially those relating to 
loans and deposits subject to prepayment risk. 

For the modeling of demand deposits, a segmentation of the accounts in several categories is previously carried out depending on the 
characteristics of the customer (retail / wholesale) and the product (type of account / transactionality / remuneration), in order to outline 
the specific behavior of each segment. 

In order to establish the remuneration of each segment, the relationship between the evolution of market interest rates and the interest 
rates of managed accounts is analyzed, with the aim of determining the translation dynamic (percentages and lags) of interest rates 
variations to the remuneration of the accounts. 

The  behavior  assigned  to  each  category  of  accounts  is  determined  by  an  analysis  of  the  historical  evolution  of  the  balances  and  the 
probability of cancellation of the accounts. For this, the volatile part of the balance assigned to a short-term maturity is isolated, thus 
avoiding fluctuations in the level of risk caused by specific variations in the balances and promoting stability in the management of the 

 
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balance. Once the stable part is identified, a medium / long term maturity model is applied through a decay distribution based on the 
average term of the accounts and the conditional cancellation probabilities throughout the life of the product. 

Additionally, the relationship of the evolution of the balance of deposits with the levels of market interest rates is taken into account, where 
appropriate, including the potential migration between the different types of deposits (on demand / time deposits) in the different interest 
rate scenarios. 

Equally relevant is the treatment of early cancelation options embedded in credit loans, mortgage portfolios and customer deposits. The 
evolution of market interest rates may condition, along with other variables, the incentive that customers have to prepay loans or deposits, 
modifying the future behavior of the balance amounts with respect to the forecasted contractual maturity schedule. 

The detailed analysis of the historical information related to prepayment data, both partial and total prepayment, combined with other 
variables such as interest rates, allows estimating future amortizations and, where appropriate, their behavior linked to the evolution of 
such variables. 

The approval and updating of the risk behavior models of structural interest rate risk are subject to corporate governance under the scope 
of GRM-Analytics. In this way, the models must be properly inventoried and cataloged and comply with the requirements established in 
the internal  procedures  for  their  development,  updating  and  management  of  the  changes.  The  models  are  also  subject  to  the  
corresponding internal validations based on their relevance and the established monitoring requirements. 

The table below shows the profile of average interest rate risk in terms of sensitivities of the main banks in the BBVA Group in 2019: 

Sensitivity to interest-rate analysis - December 2019 

Europe (***) 
Mexico 
The United States 
Turkey 
South America 
BBVA Group 

Impact on net interest income (*) 

Impact on economic value (**) 

100 basis-point 
increase 

100 basis-point 
decrease 

100 basis-point 
increase 

100 basis-point 
decrease 

+ (5% - 10%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (5% - 10%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 

- (0% - 5%) 

- (0% - 5%) 
- (5% - 10%) 
- (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 

+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
- (5% - 10%) 
- (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 

- (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
+ (0% - 5%) 
- (0% - 5%) 

(*) 

Percentage of "1 year" net interest income forecast for each unit. 

(**) 

Percentage of Core Capital for each unit. 

(***) 

In Europe falling interest rates at more negative level than current rates. 

In 2019 in Europe monetary policy has remained expansionary, implementing in the last part of the year a new package of measures to 
boost  the  economy  and  the  financial  system  in  response  to  a  weaker  global  economic  environment.  This  environment,  coupled  with 
uncertainty about trade policy and low inflation led the Federal Reserve of the United States to begin a process of interest rate cuts. Both 
monetary  authorities,  taking  into  account  the  recent  signals  regarding  a  stabilization  of  the  economic  growth,  have  not  changed  the 
interest rates during the last months. In Mexico and Turkey, a bearish cycle was initiated in the second half of the year due to economic 
weakness and inflation prospects. In South America, monetary policy has been expansive, with declines in the economies of Chile and 
Peru, caused by the slowdown of the activity and the contained inflation, while in Colombia interest rates have remained flat. On the other 
hand, in Argentina there is a restrictive monetary policy, with a strong increase in interest rates due to the strong volatility of the markets 
after the election result. 

BBVA maintains, at the aggregate level, a favorable position in net interest income in the event of an increase in interest rates, as well as 
a  moderate  risk  profile,  in  line  with  its  target,  through  effective  management  of  structural  balance  sheet  risk.  The  higher  net  interest 
income sensitivities are observed in, particularly the Euro and USD.  

•
•

•

•

•

In Europe, the decrease in interest rates is limited by current levels, preventing extremely adverse scenarios. 
In the United States, the net interest margin sensitivity has decreased during 2019 due to the downward trend of interest rates,
showing therefore a moderate risk profile. 
Mexico shows a high level of stability between the balance sheets referenced to fixed and variable interest rates, keeping limited
net interest income sensitivity throughout 2019. 
In Turkey, the evolution of the balance sheets in Turkish lira and USD has been positive, with very moderate interest rate risk, 
which has allowed to reduce sensitivity during the year. 
In South America, the balance sheet profiles in the countries which this business area comprises have remained stable, showing 
a low interest rate risk with an almost stable sensitivity during the year. 

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7.3.2  Structural exchange-rate risk  

Structural exchange rate risk, inherent to the business of international banking groups that develop their activities in different geographies 
and currencies, is defined as the possibility of impacts on solvency, equity value and results driven by fluctuations in the exchange rates 
due to exposures in foreign currencies.  

In the BBVA Group, structural exchange-rate risk arises from the consolidation of holdings in subsidiaries with functional currencies other 
than the euro. Its management is centralized in order to optimize the joint management of permanent foreign currency exposures, taking 
diversification into account.  

The corporate Global ALM unit, through ALCO, designs and executes hedging strategies with the main purpose of preserving the stability 
of consolidated capital ratios and income flows generated in a currency other than the euro in the BBVA Group, keeping a value generation 
perspective to preserve the Group’s equity in the long term. To this end, a dynamic management strategy is carried out, considering hedge 
transactions according to market expectations and their costs.  

The risk monitoring metrics included in the framework of limits, in line with the Risk Appetite Framework, are integrated into management 
and supplemented with additional assessment indicators. At the corporate level they are based on probabilistic metrics that measure the 
maximum deviation in the Group’s Capital, CET1 (“Common Equity Tier 1”) ratio, and net attributable profit. The probabilistic metrics 
make it possible to estimate the joint impact of exposure to different currencies taking into account the different variability in exchange 
rates and their correlations.  

The  suitability  of  these  risk  assessment  metrics  is  reviewed  on  a  regular  basis  through  back-testing  exercises.  The  final  element  of 
structural exchange-rate risk control is the stress and scenario analysis aimed to assess the vulnerabilities of foreign currency structural 
exposure not contemplated by the risk metrics and to serve as an additional tool when making management decisions. The scenarios are 
based both on historical situations simulated by the risk model and on the risk scenarios provided by BBVA Research. 

As of December 31, 2019, it is worth mentioning the appreciation of the main currencies of the geographies where the Group operates 
against the euro, especially the Mexican peso (6%) and the US Dollar (2%). The Turkish lira (-9%) and the Argentinian peso (-36%) have 
depreciated, the latter being affected by idiosyncratic factors. 

The Group's structural exchange-rate risk exposure level has slightly increased since the end of 2018 driven by the effect of currencies 
appreciation.  The  hedging  policy  intends  to  keep  low  levels  of  sensitivity  to  movements  in  the  exchange  rates  of  emerging  markets 
currencies against the euro and focuses mainly on the Mexican peso and the Turkish lira. The risk mitigation level in the capital ratio due 
to the book value of the BBVA Group's holdings in foreign emerging markets currencies stood at around 65% and, as of the end of 2019, 
CET1 ratio sensitivity to the depreciation of 10% in the euro exchange rate for each currency was: USD +11 bp; Mexican peso -4 bps; 
Turkish  Lira  -2  bps;  other  currencies  -1  bp  (excluding  hyperinflation  economies).  On  the  other  hand,  hedging  of  emerging  markets 
currency denominated earnings in 2019 was 52%, concentrated in Mexican peso, Turkish lira and the main Latin American currencies. 

7.3.3  Structural equity risk 

Structural equity risk refers to the possibility of suffering losses in the value of positions in shares and other equity instruments held in the 
banking book with long or medium term investment horizons due to fluctuations in the value of equity indexes or shares. 

BBVA Group's exposure to structural equity risk arises largely from minority shareholdings held on industrial and financial companies. 
This exposure is modulated in some portfolios with positions held on derivative instruments on the same underlying assets, in order to 
adjust the portfolio sensitivity to potential changes in equity prices.  

The management of structural equity portfolios is a responsibility of Global ALM and other Group's units specialized in this area. Their 
activity  is  subject  to  the  risk  management  corporate  policy  on  structural  equity  risk  management,  complying  with  the  defined 
management principles and Risk Appetite Framework. 

The structural equity risk metrics, designed by GRM according to the corporate model, contribute to the effective monitoring of the risk 
by  estimating  the  sensitivity  and  the  capital  necessary  to  cover  the  possible  unexpected  losses  due  to  changes  in  the  value  of  the 
shareholdings in the Group's investment portfolio, with a level of confidence that corresponds to the objective rating of the entity, taking 
into account the liquidity of the positions and the statistical behavior of the assets to be considered 

In order to analyze the risk profile in depth, stress tests and scenario analysis of sensitivity to different simulated scenarios are carried 
out. They are based on both past crisis situations and forecasts made by BBVA Research. These analyses are carried out regularly to 
assess  the  vulnerabilities  of  structural  equity  exposure  not  contemplated  by  the  risk  metrics  and  to  serve  as  an  additional  tool  when 
making management decisions. 

Backtesting is carried out on a regular basis on the risk measurement model used.  

With regard to the equity markets, the world indexes have closed the year 2019 with generalized gains and volatility moderation in a macro 
environment of global growth slowdown. 

 
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Structural equity risk, measured in terms of economic capital, has remained fairly stable in the period. The aggregate sensitivity of the 
BBVA Group’s consolidated equity to a 1% fall in the price of shares of the companies making up the equity portfolio decreased to -€26 
million as of December 31, 2019, compared to -€29 million as of December 31, 2018. This estimation takes into account the exposure in 
shares valued at market prices, or if not applicable, at fair value (excluding the positions in the Treasury Area portfolios) and the net delta-
equivalent positions in derivatives on the same underlyings. 

7.4  Liquidity and funding risk 

Liquidity and funding risk is defined as the incapacity of a bank in meeting its payment commitments for missing resources or that, to face 
those commitments, should have to make use of funding under burdensome terms. 

7.4.1  Liquidity and Funding Strategy and Planning 

The BBVA Group is a multinational financial institution whose business is focused mainly on retail and commercial banking activities. In 
addition to the retail business model, which forms the core of its  business, the Group engages  in corporate and investment  banking, 
through the global CIB (Corporate & Investment Banking) division. 

Liquidity and funding risk management aims to maintain a solid balance sheet structure which allows a sustainable business model. The 
Group’s liquidity and funding strategy is based on the following pillars: 

The principle of the funding self-sufficiency of its subsidiaries, meaning that each of the Liquidity Management Units (LMUs) 
must cover its funding needs independently on the markets where it operates. This avoids possible contagion due to a crisis 
affecting one or more of the Group’s LMUs. 

Stable customer deposits as the main source of funding in all the LMUs, in accordance with the Group’s business model. 

Diversification of the sources of wholesale funding, in terms of maturity, market, instruments, counterparties and currencies, 
with recurring access to the markets. 

Compliance with regulatory requirements, ensuring the availability of ample liquidity buffers, as well as sufficient instruments 
as required by regulations with the capacity to absorb losses. 

Compliance with the internal Liquidity Risk and Funding metrics, while adhering to the Risk Appetite level established for each 
LMU at any time. 

Liquidity and funding risk management aims to ensure that in the short term a bank does not have any difficulties in meeting its payment 
commitments  in  due  time  and  form,  and  that  it  does  not  have  to  make  use  of  funding  under  burdensome  terms,  or  conditions  that 
deteriorate its image or reputation. 

In the medium term the aim is to ensure that the Group’s financing structure is ideal and that it is moving in the right direction with respect 
to the economic situation, the markets and regulatory changes.  

This management of structural and liquidity funding is based on the principle of financial self-sufficiency of the entities that make it up. 
This approach helps prevent and limit liquidity risk by reducing the Group’s vulnerability during periods of high risk. This decentralized 
management prevents possible contagion from a crisis affecting only one or a few Group entities, which must act independently to meet 
their liquidity requirements in the markets where they operate. 

As one aspect of this strategy, BBVA Group is organized into eleven LMUs composed of the parent and the banking subsidiaries in each 
geographical area, plus the independent branches. 

In addition, the policy for managing liquidity and funding risk is also based on the model’s robustness and on the planning and integration 
of risk management into the budgeting process of each LMU, according to the appetite for funding risk it decides to assume in its business.  

Liquidity and funding planning is drawn up as part of the strategic processes for the Group’s budgetary and business planning. It allows a 
recurring growth of the banking business with suitable maturities and costs within the established risk tolerance levels by using a wide 
range of instruments which allow the diversification of the funding sources and the maintenance of a high volume of available liquid assets. 

7.4.2  Governance and monitoring 

The responsibility for liquidity and funding management in normal business activity lies with the Finance area as a first line of defense in 
managing the risks inherent to this activity, in accordance with the principles established by the European Banking Authority EBA and in 
line with the standards, policies, procedures and controls in the framework established by the governing bodies. The Finance department, 
through the Balance-Sheet Management area, plans and executes the funding of the structural long-term gap of each LMU and proposes 
to the Assets and Liabilities Committee (ALCO) the actions to be taken on this matter, in accordance with the policies established by the 
Risk and Compliance Committee in line with the metrics of the Risk Appetite Framework approved by the Board of Directors.  

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The Finance area, in its regulatory liquidity reporting function, coordinates the processes necessary to meet any reporting requirements 
that may be generated at corporate and regulatory level, with the areas responsible for this reporting in each LMU, thereby monitoring 
the integrity of the information supplied. 

GRM is responsible for ensuring that liquidity and funding risk in the Group is managed according to the strategy approved by the Board 
of Directors. It is also responsible for identifying, measuring, monitoring and controlling those risks and reporting to the proper corporate 
governing bodies. To carry out this work adequately, the risk function in the Group has been set up as a single, global function that is 
independent of the management areas. 

In addition, the Group has an Internal Risk Control unit that conducts an independent review of Liquidity and Funding Risk control and 
management, independently of the functions performed in this area by Internal Audit. Additionally, the Group has in its second line of 
defense an Internal Risk Control unit,  which performs independent reviews of the Liquidity and Funding risk controls, and an Internal 
Financial Control unit, which reviews the design and effectiveness of the operating management controls and the liquidity reporting. 

As a third line of defense in the Group’s internal control model, Internal Audit is in charge of reviewing specific controls and processes in 
accordance with an annual work plan.  

The Group’s fundamental objectives regarding the liquidity and funding risk are determined through the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) 
and through the Loan-to-Stable Customer Deposits (LtSCD) ratio.  

The LCR ratio is a regulatory metric that aims to guarantee the resilience of entities in a scenario of liquidity tension within a time horizon 
of 30 days. Within its risk appetite framework and system of limits and alerts, BBVA has established a required LCR compliance level for 
the entire Group and for each individual LMU. The required internal levels aim to comply efficiently and sufficiently in advance with the 
implementation of the regulatory requirement at a level above 100%. 

The LtSCD  ratio  measures  the  relationship between  net lending  and  stable  cust omer funds.  The  aim  is  to  preserve a  stable  funding  
structure in the medium term for each LMU making up the BBVA Group, taking into account that maintaining an adequate volume of 
stable customer funds is key to achieving a sound liquidity profile. In geographical areas with balance sheets with two currencies, the 
indicator is also controlled by currency to manage the mismatches that might occur. 

Stable customer funds can be considered as those obtained and managed from the LMUs among their target customers. Those funds 
are characterized by their low sensitivity to market changes and by their less volatile behavior at aggregated level per operation due to the 
loyalty of the customer  to  the  entity.  The stable  resources  are  calculated by  applying  to  each identified customer  segment a haircut  
determined by the analysis of the stability if the balances by which different aspects are evaluated (concentration, stability, level of loyalty). 
The main source of stable resources arises from wholesale funding and retail customer funds. 

In order to establish the target (maximum) levels of LtSCD in each LMU and provide an optimal funding structure reference in terms of 
risk appetite, the corporate Structural Risks unit of GRM identifies and assesses the economic and financial variables that condition the 
funding structures in the different geographical areas.  

Additionally, liquidity and funding risk management aims to achieve a proper diversification of the funding structure, avoiding excessive 
reliance on short-term funding by establishing a maximum level for the short-term funds raised, including both wholesale funding and 
customer  funds. The  residual maturity  profile  of  long -term wholesale  funding  has  no  significant  concentrations,  which  matches  the  
schedule of planned issues to the best possible financial conditions of markets, as shown in the table below. Finally, concentration risk is 
monitored at LMU level, with the aim of ensuring a correct diversification of both the counterparty and type of instrument. 

One of the fundamental metrics within the general management framework of the liquidity and funding risk is the maintaining of a liquidity 
buffer consisting of high quality assets free of charges which can be sold or offered as guarantees to obtain funding, either under normal 
market conditions or in stress situations. 

The Finance area is responsible for the collateral management and determining the liquidity buffer within the BBVA Group. According to 
the principle of auto-sufficiency of the subsidiaries, every LMU is responsible for the holding of a buffer of liquid assets which comply with 
the regulatory requirements applicable under each jurisdiction. In addition, the liquidity buffer of each LMU should be aligned with the 
liquidity and funding risk tolerance as well as the management limits set and approved for each case. 

In this context, the short-term resistance of the liquidity risk profile is promoted, guaranteeing that each LMU has sufficient collateral to 
deal with the risk of the close of wholesale markets. Basic capacity is the short-term liquidity risk management and control metric that is 
defined as the relationship between the available explicit assets and the maturities of wholesale liabilities and volatile funds, at different 
terms up to one year, with special relevance being given to 30-day 90-day maturities, in order to maintain the survivability period above 
the 3 months with the available buffer, not taking into consideration the inflows of the balance sheet. 

Stress tests  are  carried out  as  a  fundamental  element  of  the  liquidity  and  funding  risk  monitoring  scheme.  They  enable  anticipating 
deviations from the liquidity targets and the limits set in the appetite, and establishing tolerance ranges in the different management areas. 

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They also play a major role in the design of the Liquidity Contingency Plan and the definition of specific measures to be adopted to rectify 
the risk profile if necessary. 

For  each  scenario,  it  is  checked  whether  BBVA  has  a  sufficient  stock  of  liquid  assets  to  guarantee  its  capacity  to  meet  the  liquidity 
commitments/outflows  in  the  different  periods  analyzed.  The  analysis  considers  four  scenarios:  one  central  and  three  crisis-related 
(systemic crisis; unexpected internal crisis with a considerable rating downgrade and/or affecting the ability to issue in wholesale markets 
and the perception of business risk by the banking intermediaries and the entity’s customers; and a mixed scenario, as a combination of 
the  two  aforementioned  scenarios).  Each  scenario  considers  the  following  factors:  existing  market  liquidity,  customer  behavior  and 
sources of funding, the impact of rating downgrades, market values of liquid assets and collateral, and the interaction between liquidity 
requirements and the development of the LMU’s asset quality. 

The stress tests conducted on a regular basis reveal that BBVA maintains a sufficient buffer of liquid assets to deal with the estimated 
liquidity outflows in a scenario resulting from the combination of a systemic crisis and an unexpected internal crisis, during a period of 
longer than 3 months in general for the different LMUs, including in the scenario of a significant downgrade of the Bank’s rating by up to 
three notches. 

Together with the results of the stress tests and the risk metrics, the early warning indicators play an important role within the corporate 
model  and  the  Liquidity  Contingency  Plan.  They  are  mainly  indicators  of  the  funding  structure,  in  relation  to  asset  encumbrance, 
counterparty concentration, flights of customer deposits, unexpected use of credit facilities, and of  the market, which help anticipate 
possible risks and capture market expectations. 

Finance is the area responsible for the elaboration, monitoring, execution and update of the liquidity and funding plan and of the market 
access strategy to guarantee and improve the stability and diversification of the wholesale funding sources. 

In order to implement and establish management in an anticipated manner, limits are set on an annual basis for the main management 
metrics that form part of the budgeting process for the liquidity and funding plan. This framework of limits contributes to the planning of 
the joint future performance of: 

The loan book, considering the types of assets and their degree of liquidity, as well as their validity as collateral in collateralized 
funding.  

Stable customer funds, based on the application of a methodology for establishing which segments and customer balances are 
considered to be stable or volatile funds based on the principle of sustainability and recurrence of these funds.  

Projection of the credit gap, in order to require a degree of self-funding that is defined in terms of the difference between the 
loan-book and stable customer funds. 

Incorporating the planning of securities portfolios into the banking book, which include both fixed-interest and equity securities, 
and are classified as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income and at amortized cost, and additionally 
on trading portfolios. 

The structural gap projection, as a result of assessing the funding needs generated both from the credit gap and by the securities 
portfolio in the banking book, together with the rest of on-balance-sheet wholesale funding needs, excluding trading portfolios. 
This gap therefore needs to be funded with customer funds that are not considered stable or on wholesale markets. 

As a result of these funding needs, BBVA Group plans the target wholesale funding structure according to the tolerance set in each LMU 
target. 

Thus, once the structural gap has been identified and after resorting to wholesale markets, the amount and composition of wholesale 
structural funding is established in subsequent years, in order to maintain a diversified funding mix and guarantee that there is not a high 
reliance on short-term funding (short-term wholesale funding plus volatile customer funds). 

In practice, the execution of the principles of planning and self-funding at the different LMUs results in the Group’s main source of funding 
being customer deposits, which consist mainly of demand deposits, savings deposits and time deposits.  

As sources of funding, customer deposits are complemented by access to the interbank market and the domestic and international capital 
markets in order to address additional liquidity requirements, implementing domestic and  international programs for the issuance of 
commercial paper and medium and long-term debt. 

The process of analysis and assessment of the liquidity and funding situation and of the inherent risks is a process carried out on an 
ongoing basis in the BBVA Group, with the participation of all the Group areas involved in liquidity and funding risk management. This 
process  is  carried  out  at  both  local  and  corporate  level.  It  is  incorporated  into  the  decision-  making  process  for  liquidity  and  funding 
management, with integration between the risk appetite strategy and establishment and the planning process, the funding plan and the 
limits scheme. 

P.77 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

7.4.3  Liquidity and funding performance 

During 2019, the BBVA Group has maintained a robust and dynamic funding structure with a predominantly retail nature, where customer 
resources represent the main source of funding. 

Thus, the performance of the indicators show that the robustness of the funding structure remained steady during 2019, 2018 and 2017, 
in the sense that all LMUs held self-funding levels with stable customer resources above the requirements. 

LtSCD by LMU 

Group (average) 

Eurozone 

BBVA Mexico 

BBVA USA 

Garanti BBVA 

Other LMUs 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

108% 

108% 

116% 

111% 

99% 

103% 

106% 

101% 

114% 

119% 

110% 

99% 

110% 

108% 

109% 

109% 

122% 

108% 

With respect to LCR, the Group has maintained a liquidity buffer at both consolidated and individual level in 2019. This has maintained the 
ratio easily above 100%, with the consolidated ratio as of December 2019 standing at 129%. 

Although this requirement is only established at Group level and banks in the Eurozone, the minimum level required is easily exceeded in 
all the subsidiaries. It should be noted that the construction of the Consolidated LCR does not assume the transfer of liquidity between the 
subsidiaries, so no excess of liquidity is transferred from these entities abroad to the consolidated ratio. If the impact of these highly liquid 
assets is considered to be excluded, the LCR would be 158%, or +29 basis points above the required level. 

LCR main LMU 

Group  

Eurozone 

BBVA Mexico 

BBVA USA (*) 

Garanti BBVA 

0 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

129% 

147% 

147% 

145% 

206% 

127% 

145% 

154% 

143% 

209% 

128% 

151% 

148% 

144% 

134% 

(*)BBVA USA LCR calculated according to local regulation (Fed Modified LCR). 

Each  entity  maintains  an  individual  liquidity  buffer,  both  BBVA,  S.A.  and  each  of  its  subsidiaries,  including  BBVA  USA,  BBVA  Mexico, 
Garanti BBVA and the Latin American subsidiaries. 

The table below shows the liquidity available by instrument as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 for the most significant entities based 
on prudential supervisor’s information (Commission Implementing Regulations (EU) 2017/2114 of November 9, 2017): 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Cash and withdrawable central bank reserves 
Level 1 tradable assets 
Level 2A tradable assets 

Level 2B tradable assets 

Other tradable assets 

Non tradable assets eligible for central banks 

BBVA 
Eurozone 

BBVA 
Mexico 

BBVA USA 

Garanti 
BBVA 

Other 

14,516 
41,961 
403 

5,196 

22,213 

- 

6,246 
7,295 
316 

219 

1,269 

- 

4,949 
11,337 
344 

- 

952 

2,935 

6,450 
7,953 
- 

- 

669 

- 

6,368 
3,593 
- 

12 

586 

- 

Cumulated counterbalancing capacity 

84,288 

15,344 

20,516 

15,072 

10,559 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.78 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Cash and withdrawable central bank reserves 
Level 1 tradable assets 
Level 2A tradable assets 
Level 2B tradable assets 
Other tradable assets (*) 
Non tradable assets eligible for central banks 

Cumulated counterbalancing capacity 

BBVA 
Eurozone 

BBVA Mexico  BBVA USA 

Garanti 
BBVA 

Other 

26,506 

29,938 
449 
4,040 
8,772 
- 

69,705 

7,666 

4,995 
409 
33 
1,372 
- 

14,475 

1,667 

10,490 
510 
- 
1,043 
2,314 

16,024 

7,633 

6,502 
- 
- 
499 
- 

6,677 

3,652 
- 
- 
617 
- 

14,634 

10,946 

(*) The balance of “BBVA Eurozone” has been reexpressed including the available funding in the European Central Bank (ECB) 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Cash and withdrawable central bank reserves 

Level 1 tradable assets 

Level 2A tradable assets 

Level 2B tradable assets 

Other tradable assets (*) 

Non tradable assets eligible for central banks 

Cumulated counterbalancing capacity 

BBVA 
Eurozone (1) 

15,634 

38,954 

386 

4,995 

10,192 

- 

BBVA Mexico  BBVA USA  Garanti BBVA 

Other 

8,649 

3,805 

418 

69 

1,703 

- 

2,150 

9,028 

753 

- 

1,252 

2,800 

6,692 

5,705 

- 

- 

962 

- 

6,083 

6,141 

10 

21 

1,573 

- 

70,163 

14,644 

15,983 

13,359 

13,828 

(1) 

Includes Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. and Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (Portugal), S.A. 

(*) The balance of “BBVA Eurozone” has been reexpressed including the available funding in the European Central Bank (ECB) 

The Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR), defined as the ratio between the amount of stable funding available and the amount of stable funding 
required, is one of the Basel Committee's essential reforms, and requires banks to maintain a stable funding profile in relation to the 
composition of their assets and off-balance-sheet activities. This ratio should be at least 100% at all times.  

The NSFR of BBVA Group and its main LMUs at December 31, 2019, calculated based on the Basel requirements, is the following: 

NSFR main LMU 

Group  
BBVA Eurozone 
BBVA Mexico 
BBVA USA 
Garanti BBVA 
Below is a matrix of residual maturities by contractual periods based on supervisory prudential reporting as of December 31, 2019, 2018 
and 2017: 

December 2019 
120% 
113% 
130% 
116% 
151% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.79 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2019. Contractual maturities (Millions of Euros) 

0 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

ASSETS 
Cash, cash balances at central 
banks and other demand 
deposits 

Deposits in credit entities 
Deposits in other financial 
institutions 
Reverse repo, securities 
borrowing and margin lending 

- 

- 

- 

20,954  20,654 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,591 

283 

488 

585 

503 

- 

189 

- 

24 

- 

120 

-  41,608 

432 

6,216 

1,336 

1,120 

796 

589 

991 

1,420 

1,072 

672 

2,089 

10,084 

21,612 

3,858 

2,287 

561 

808 

4,121 

1,838 

411 

803  36,299 

Loans and advances 

157  22,015  25,056  24,994 

15,777 

16,404 

42,165 

35,917 

54,772  122,098  359,354 

Securities' portfolio settlement 

- 

1,622 

3,873 

6,620 

2,017 

7,292 

21,334 

6,115 

13,240  46,022  108,136 

December 2019. Contractual maturities (Millions of Euros) 

0 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

LIABILITIES 
Wholesale funding 

Deposits in financial institutions 

Deposits in other financial 
institutions and international 
agencies 

Customer deposits 

Security pledge funding 

Derivatives, net 

1 

1,393 

1,714 

4,208 

1,645 

4,386 

8,328 

10,608 

10,803  27,840 

70,927 

7,377 

7,608 

493 

1,122 

172 

1,514 

386 

614 

206 

510  20,004 

10,177 

3,859 

867 

381 

367 

257 

982 

503 

271,638  43,577 

18,550 

10,013 

7,266 

6,605 

3,717 

2,062 

-  45,135 

3,202 

15,801 

1,456 

653 

3,393 

7,206 

499 

854 

759 

952 

18,843 

1,039  365,321 

1,308 

78,914 

- 

(66) 

(25) 

29 

(11) 

1,097 

(830) 

(278) 

(333) 

(420) 

(838) 

December 2018. Contractual maturities (Millions of Euros) 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

ASSETS 

Cash, cash balances at central 
banks and other demand deposits 

9,550  40,599 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

50,149 

Deposits in credit entities 

801 

3,211 

216 

141 

83 

152 

133 

178 

27 

1,269 

6,211 

Deposits in other financial 
institutions 

Reverse repo, securities 
borrowing and margin lending 

1 

1,408 

750 

664 

647 

375 

1,724 

896 

1,286 

2,764 

10,515 

-  21,266 

1,655 

1,158 

805 

498 

205 

1,352 

390 

210 

27,539 

Loans and Advances 

132  19,825  25,939  23,265 

15,347 

16,433  42,100  32,336  53,386  120,571  349,334 

Securities' portfolio settlement 

- 

1,875 

4,379 

5,990 

2,148 

6,823 

8,592 

12,423 

11,533  42,738  96,501 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.80 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2018. Contractual Maturities (Millions of Euros) 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

LIABILITIES 

Wholesale funding 

Deposits in financial institutions 

Deposits in other financial 
institutions and international 
agencies 

Customer deposits 

Security pledge funding 

1 

2,678 

1,652 

2,160 

2,425 

2,736 

7,225 

8,578 

16,040  26,363  69,858 

7,107 

5,599 

751 

1,992 

377 

1,240 

1,149 

229 

196 

904 

19,544 

10,680 

4,327 

1,580 

458 

302 

309 

781 

304 

825 

1,692 

21,258 

252,630  44,866 

18,514 

10,625 

6,217 

7,345 

5,667 

2,137 

1,207 

1,310  350,518 

Derivatives, net 

(523) 
December 2017. Contractual Maturities (Millions of euros) 

(75) 

- 

(68) 

40  46,489 

2,219 

2,274 

114 

(5) 

97 

22,911 

(117) 

498 

526 

(91) 

218 

1,627 

76,515 

(67) 

(392) 

(840) 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

ASSETS 
Cash, cash balances at central 
banks and other demand 
deposits 
Deposits in credit entities 

Deposits in other financial 
institutions 

Reverse repo, securities 
borrowing and margin lending 

8,179 

31,029 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

-  39,208 

252 

4,391 

181 

1 

939 

758 

169 

796 

120 

628 

122 

116 

447 

1,029 

112 

681 

157 

1,868 

7,488 

806 

1,975 

8,060 

18,979 

2,689 

1,921 

541 

426 

815 

30 

727 

226 

-  26,354 

Loans and Advances 

267 

21,203  26,323  23,606 

15,380 

17,516  43,973  35,383  50,809  123,568  358,028 

Securities' portfolio settlement 

1 

1,579 

4,159 

4,423 

2,380 

13,391 

5,789 

11,289 

12,070  44,666  99,747 

December 2017. Contractual maturities (Millions of Euros) 

Demand  

Up to 1 
month 

1 to 3 
months 

3 to 6 
months 

6 to 9 
months 

9 to 12 
months 

1 to 2 
years 

2 to 3 
years 

3 to 5 
years  

Over 5 
years 

Total 

LIABILITIES 

Wholesale funding 

Deposits in financial institutions 

Deposits in other financial 
institutions and international 
agencies 

Customer deposits 

Security pledge funding 

Derivatives, net 

- 

3,648 

4,209 

4,238 

1,227 

2,456 

5,772 

6,432 

18,391  30,162 

76,535 

6,831 

5,863 

1,082 

2,335 

392 

1,714 

930 

765 

171 

1,429 

21,512 

10,700 

4,827 

3,290 

1,959 

554 

1,328 

963 

286 

355 

1,045  25,307 

233,068 

45,171 

18,616 

11,428 

8,711 

10,368 

7,607 

2,612 

1,833 

2,034  341,448 

-  35,502 

2,284 

1,405 

396 

973 

64  23,009 

338 

1,697  65,668 

- 

(18) 

(110) 

(116) 

(135) 

(117) 

(336) 

(91) 

(106) 

(419) 

(1,448) 

The  matrix  shows  the  retail  nature  of  the  funding  structure,  with  a  loan  portfolio  being  mostly  funded  by  customer  deposits.  On  the 
outflows side of the matrix, the “demand” maturity bucket mainly contains the retail customer sight accounts whose behavior historically 
showed a high level of stability and little concentration. According to a behavior analysis which is done every year in every entity, this type 
of account is considered to be stable and for liquidity risk purposes receive a better treatment. 

In the Euro Liquidity Management Unit (LMU), the liquidity and funding position maintains solid and comfortable with a slightly increase 
of the credit gap in 2019. During 2019, BBVA, S.A. made 7 issues in the public market for €5,750 million and USD 1,000 million; two issues 
of Senior Non Preferred (“SNP”) securities at 5 years for €1,000 million each and another one at 7 years for €1,000 million; a T2 issue at 
10 years with an early amortization option after the fifth year for €750 million; two AT1 issues for €1,000 million and USD 1,000 million 
respectively with an early amortization option after five and a half years for the first and 5 years for the second ; and a Senior Preferred 
securities issue at 7 years for €1,000 million. 

In Mexico, there was a sound liquidity position despite the credit gap increase in 2019. This increase is mainly due to a lower increase in 
deposits as a result of higher market competition. During the financial year 2019, BBVA Mexico made a Tier II issuance on international 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.81 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

markets for USD 750 million as well as carried out a repurchase for the same amount as part of two subordinated issuances with a maturity 
2020 and 2021 which were no longer computing in capital ratios. They also made an issuance on the local market for 10,000 million of 
Mexican pesos in 2 tranches: 5,000 million at 3 years and 5,000 million at 8 years. 

In the United States, a comfortable liquidity situation has been maintained with a decrease in the credit gap during the year mainly as a 
result of an increase in the deposits which has allowed to reduce the dependency on brokered deposits. During the third quarter of 2019, 
BBVA USA issued successfully a Senior debt note of USD 600 million at 5 years. 

In Turkey we closed the year with an adequate liquidity situation, with Garanti BBVA showing an evolution of the credit gap in foreign 
currency and therefore reducing the wholesale financing, allowing throughout an adequate buffer of liquid assets. The main operations 
during the year were two syndicated loans for USD 1,600 million, a subordinated issuance for an amount of 252 million of Turkish lira (€39 
million) and a securitization (Diversified Payment Rights) for USD 150 million. In addition, Garanti BBVA financed itself with a bilateral loan 
for an amount of USD 322 million and issued a green bond for USD 50 million in December 2019. Furthermore, additional bilateral funds 
for USD 110 million have been signed in December 2019. 

Argentina was affected by the change in the political situation generating a reduction of deposits and credits in foreign currency in the 
banking system. In this context, BBVA Argentina has maintained at any time a sound liquidity position supported by higher requirements 
of regulatory reserve regulations. BBVA Argentina issued 1,619 million of Argentine pesos (€24 million) in the local market in the first 
quarter of 2019 and later, in the fourth quarter, issued an additional 1,967 million of Argentine pesos (€29 million). 

The liquidity position of the rest of subsidiaries has continued to be sound, maintaining a solid liquidity position in all the jurisdictions in 
which the Group operates.  

In this context, BBVA has maintained its objective of strengthening the funding structure of the different Group entities based on growing 
their self-funding from stable customer funds, while guaranteeing a sufficient buffer of fully available liquid assets, diversifying the various 
sources of funding available, and optimizing the generation of collateral available for dealing with stress situations in the markets. 

7.4.4  Asset encumbrance 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the encumbered (those provided as collateral for certain liabilities) and unencumbered assets 
are broken down as follows: 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Encumbered assets 

Non-encumbered assets 

Book value  

Market value 

Book value  

Market value  

Assets 
Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and advances and other assets 

101,792 
3,526 
29,630 
68,636  

3,526 
29,567 

596,898 
12,113 
95,611 
489,174  

12,113 
95,611 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Encumbered assets 

Non-encumbered assets 

Book value  

Market value 

Book value  

Market value 

Assets 
Equity instruments 
Debt Securities 
Loans and Advances and other assets 

107,950 
1,864 
31,157 
74,928 

1,864 
32,216 
- 

567,573 
6,485 
82,209 
478,880 

6,485 
82,209 
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.82 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of euros) 

Encumbered assets 

Non-encumbered assets 

Book value 

Market value 

Book value 

Market value 

Assets 
Equity instruments 
Debt Securities 
Loans and Advances and other assets 

110,600 
2,297 
28,700 
79,604  

2,297 
29,798 

579,459 
9,616 
84,391 
485,451  

9,616 
84,391 

The  committed  value  of  "Loans  and  Advances  and  other  assets"  corresponds  mainly  to  loans  linked  to  the  issue  of  covered  bonds, 
territorial  bonds  or  long-term  securitized  bonds  (see  Note  22.4)  as  well  as  those  used  as  a  guarantee  to  access  certain  funding 
transactions with central banks. Debt securities and equity instruments correspond to underlying that are delivered in repos with different 
types of counterparties, mainly clearing houses or credit institutions, and to a lesser extent central banks. Collateral provided to guarantee 
derivative transactions is also included as committed assets. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, collateral pledges received mainly due to repurchase agreements and securities lending, and 
those which could be committed in order to obtain funding are provided below: 

December 2019. Collateral received (Millions of euros) 

0 

Fair value of 
encumbered collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 

Fair value of collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 
available for 
encumbrance 

Nominal amount of 
collateral received or 
own debt securities 
issued not available 
for encumbrance 

Collateral received 
Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and advances and other assets 
Own debt securities issued other than own covered 
bonds or ABSs 

December 2018. Collateral received (Millions of Euros) 

38,496 

65 
38,431 
- 

- 

9,208 

70 
9,130 
8 

82 

48 

- 
38 
10 

- 

0 

Fair value of 
encumbered collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 

Fair value of collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 
available for 
encumbrance 

Nominal amount of 
collateral received or 
own debt securities 
issued not available 
for encumbrance 

Collateral received 
Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and advances and other assets 
Own debt securities issued other than own covered 
bonds or ABSs 

27,474 

89 
27,385 
- 

78 

5,633 

82 
5,542 
8 

87 

319 

- 
300 
19 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.83 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2017. Collateral received (Millions of euros) 

Fair value of 
encumbered collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 

Fair value of collateral 
received or own debt 
securities issued 
available for 
encumbrance 

Nominal amount of 
collateral received or 
own debt securities 
issued not available for 
encumbrance 

Collateral received 
Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and Advances and other assets 
Own debt securities issued other than own covered 
bonds or ABSs 

23,881 

103 
23,715 
63 

3 

9,630 

5 
9,619 
6 

161 

201 

- 
121 
80 

- 

The guarantees received in the form of reverse repurchase agreements or security lending transactions are committed by their use in 
repurchase agreements, as is the case with debt securities.  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, financial liabilities issued related to encumbered assets in financial transactions as well as their 
book value were as follows: 

Sources of encumbrance (Millions of Euros) 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

Matching 
liabilities, 
contingent 
liabilities or 
securities lent 

Assets, collateral 
received and own 
debt securities issued 
other than covered bonds 
and ABSs encumbered 

Matching 
liabilities, 
contingent 
liabilities or 
securities lent 

Assets, collateral 
received and own 
debt securities 
issued other than 
covered bonds and 
ABSs encumbered 

Matching 
liabilities, 
contingent 
liabilities or 
securities lent 

Assets, collateral 
received and own 
debt securities 
issued other than 
covered bonds and 
ABSs encumbered 

Book value of financial 
liabilities 

Derivatives 

Loans and advances 

Outstanding subordinated debt 

Other sources 

124,252 

19,066 

87,906 

17,280 
449 

7.5  Legal risk factors 

135,500 

113,498 

131,172 

118,704 

20,004 

94,240 

21,256 
4,788 

8,972 

85,989 

18,538 
3,972 

11,036 

97,361 

22,775 
4,330 

11,843 

87,484 

19,377 
305 

133,312 

11,103 

98,478 

23,732 
1,028 

The financial sector is exposed to increasing litigation, so the financial institutions face a large number of proceedings of every kind, civil, 
criminal,  administrative,  litigation,  as  well  as  investigations  from  the  supervisor  or  other  governmental  authorities,  along  several 
jurisdictions, which consequences are difficult to determine (including those procedures in which an undetermined number of applicants 
is involved, in which damages claimed are not easy to estimate, in which an exorbitant amount is claimed, in which new jurisdictional issues 
are introduced under creative non – contrasted legal arguments and those which are at a very initial stage). 

In  Spain,  in  many  of  the  existing  procedures,  applicants  claim,  both  at  Spanish  courts  and  through  preliminary  rulings  towards  the 
European Union Court of Justice that various clauses usually included under a mortgage loan with credit institutions are stated abusive 
(including mortgage fees clauses, early redemption right clause, referenced interest rate type and opening fee).  

In particular, with regards to consumer mortgage loan agreements linked to the mortgage loan reference index (Índice de Referencia de 
los Préstamos Hipotecarios — mortgage loan reference index) (IRPH), which is the average interest rate calculated by the Bank of Spain 
and published in the Official Spanish Gazette (Boletín Oficial del Estado) for mortgage loans of more than three years for freehold housing 
purchases granted by Spanish credit institutions and which is considered the “official interest rate” by mortgage transparency regulations, 
on 14th December, 2017 the Spanish Supreme Court, in its Ruling No 669/2017 (the Ruling), held that it was not possible to determine 
that a loan's interest rate was not transparent simply due to it making reference to one official rate or another, nor can its terms then be 
confirmed as unfair under the provisions of Directive 93/13/EEC of 5th April, 1993. As of the date of this Annual Report, a preliminary 
ruling is pending in which the Ruling is being challenged before the Court of Justice of the European Union. BBVA considers that the Ruling 
is clear and well founded.  

On 10th September, 2019, the Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Union issued a report on this matter.  

In that report, the Advocate General of the Court of Justice of the European Union concluded that the bank to which the preliminary ruling 
relates  (Bankia,  S.A.)  complied  with  the  requirement  of  transparency  imposed  by  the  applicable  European  regulation.  The  Advocate 

 
 
 
 
 
P.84 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

General also indicated that it is for the national courts to carry out the checks they consider necessary in order to analyze compliance with 
the applicable transparency obligations in each individual case. 

The Advocate General's report does not bind the decision which the Court of Justice of the European Union may take finally on this matter 
in the future.  

It is therefore necessary to await the Court of Justice of the European Union’s ruling on the matter referred in the preliminary ruling in 
order to determine whether it may have any effect on BBVA.   

The impact of any potential unfavorable ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union is difficult to predict at this time, but could be 
material. The impact of such a resolution may vary depending on matters such as (i) the decision of the Court of Justice of the European 
Union on what interest rate should be applied to the applicable loans; and (ii) whether the effects of the judgment are applied retroactively. 
According to the latest available information, the amount of mortgage loans to individuals linked to IRPH and up to date with the payment 
is approximately €2,800 million. 

In addition, there are also claims before the Spanish courts challenging the application of certain interest rates and other mandatory rules 
to certain revolving credit card agreements. The resolutions in this type of proceedings against the Group or other banking entities may 
directly or indirectly affect the Group. 

The  Group  is  involved  in  several  competition  investigations  and  other  legal  actions  related  to  competition  initiated  by  third  parties  in 
various countries which may give raise to penalties and claims by third parties. 

Spanish  judicial  authorities  are  investigating  the  activities  of  Centro  Exclusivo  de  Negocios  y  Transacciones,  S.L.  (Cenyt).  Such 
investigation  includes  the  provision  of  services  by  Cenyt  to  the  Bank.  On  July  29,  2019,  the  Bank  was  named  as  an  official  suspect 
(investigado) in a criminal judicial investigation (Preliminary Proceeding No. 96/2017 – Piece No. 9, Central Investigating Court No. 6 of 
the National High Court) for alleged facts which could be constitutive of bribery, revelation of secrets and corruption. Certain current and 
former officers and employees of the Group, as well as former directors have also been named as official suspects in connection with this 
investigation. The Bank has been and continues to proactively collaborate with the Spanish judicial authorities, including sharing with the 
courts the relevant information from its on-going forensic investigation regarding its relationship with Cenyt. The Bank has also testified 
before the judge and prosecutors at the request of the Central Investigating Court No. 6 of the National High Court.  

On February 3, 2020, the Bank was notified by the Central Investigating Court No. 6 of the National High Court of the order lifting the 
secrecy of the proceedings.  

This criminal judicial proceeding is at a preliminary stage. Therefore, it is not possible at this time to predict the scope or duration of such 
proceeding or any related proceeding or its or their possible outcomes or implications for the Group, including any fines, damages or harm 
to the Group’s reputation caused thereby. 

 
P.85 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

8. 

Fair value of financial instruments 

Framework and processes control  

As part of the process established in the Group for determining the fair value in order to ensure that financial assets and liabilities are 
properly  valued,  BBVA  has  established,  at  a  geographic  level,  a  structure  of  Risk  Operational  Admission  and  Product  Governance 
Committees responsible for validating and approving new products or types of financial assets and liabilities before being contracted. 
Local management responsible for valuation, which are independent from the business (see Management Report - Risk) are members of 
these committees. 

These  areas  are  required  to  ensure,  prior  to  the  approval  stage,  the  existence  of  not  only  technical  and  human  resources,  but  also 
adequate informational sources to measure the fair value of these financial assets and liabilities, in accordance with the rules established 
by the valuation global area and using models that have been validated and approved by the responsible areas. 

Fair value hierarchy 

The fair value of financial instruments is commonly defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability 
in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (market-based measurement). 

All financial instruments, both assets and liabilities are initially recognized at fair value, which at that point is equivalent to the transaction 
price, unless there is evidence to the contrary in the market. Subsequently, depending on the type of financial instrument, it may continue 
to be recognized at amortized cost or fair value through adjustments in the consolidated income statement or equity. 

When possible, the fair value is determined as the market price of a financial instrument. However, for many of the financial assets and 
liabilities of the Group, especially in the case of derivatives, there is no market price available, so its fair value is estimated on the basis of 
the price established in recent transactions involving similar instruments or, in the absence thereof, by using mathematical measurement 
models that are sufficiently tried and trusted by the international financial community. The estimates of the fair value derived from the use 
of such models take into consideration the specific features of the asset or liability to be measured and, in particular, the various types of 
risk associated with such asset or liability. However, the limitations inherent in the measurement models and possible inaccuracies in the 
assumptions and parameters required by these models may mean that the estimated fair value of an asset or liability does not exactly 
match the price for which the asset or liability could be exchanged or settled on the date of its measurement. 

Additionally, for financial assets and liabilities that show significant uncertainty in inputs or model parameters used for valuation, criteria 
is established to measure said uncertainty and activity limits are set based on these. Finally, these measurements are compared, as much 
as  possible,  against  other  sources  such  as  the  measurements  obtained  by  the  business  teams  or  those  obtained  by  other  market 
participants. 

The process for determining the fair value requires the classification of the financial assets and liabilities according to the measurement 
processes used as set forth below: 

Level 1: Valuation using directly the quotation of the instrument, observable and readily and regularly available from independent 
price sources and referenced to active markets that the entity can access at the measurement date. The instruments classified 
within this level are fixed-income securities, equity instruments and certain derivatives.  

Level 2: Valuation of financial instruments with commonly accepted techniques that use inputs obtained from observable data 
in markets.  

Level 3: Valuation of financial instruments with valuation techniques that use significant unobservable inputs in the market. As 
of December 31, 2019, the affected instruments at fair value accounted for approximately 0.57% of financial assets and 0.14% 
of the Group’s financial liabilities. Model selection and validation is undertaken by control areas outside the business areas. 

8.1 

Fair value of financial instruments  

The  fair  value  of  the  Group’s  financial  instruments  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  and  its  corresponding  carrying 
amounts, as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are presented below:  

 
 
 
 
P.86 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Fair Value and carrying amount (Millions of euros) 

2019 

2018 

Notes 

Carrying 
amount 

Fair value 

Carrying 
amount 

Fair value 

ASSETS 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit 
or loss 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Hedging derivatives  
LIABILITIES 
Financial liabilities held for trading  

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss  

Financial liabilities at amortized cost  
Hedging derivatives 
Fair value and carrying amount (Millions of Euros) 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

10 

12 

22 
15 

ASSETS 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Available-for-sale financial assets 
Loans and receivables 

Held-to-maturity investments 

Derivatives – Hedge accounting 
LIABILITIES 
Financial liabilities held for trading  

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 
Derivatives – Hedge accounting 

44,303 

44,303 

102,688 

102,688 

5,557 

1,214 

5,557 

1,214 

58,196 

90,117 

5,135 

1,313 

58,196 

90,117 

5,135 

1,313 

61,183 

61,183 

56,337 

56,337 

439,162 

1,729 

89,633 

10,010 

516,641 
2,233 

442,788 

1,729 

89,633 

10,010 

515,910 
2,233 

419,857 

2,892 

80,774 

6,993 

510,300 
2,680 

419,660 

2,892 

80,774 

6,993 

509,185 
2,680 

2017 

Notes 

Carrying amount 

Fair value 

9 

10 

12 

- 
- 

- 

15 

10 

12 

22 
15 

42,680 

64,695 

2,709 

69,476 
431,521 

13,754 

2,485 

46,182 

2,222 

543,713 
2,880 

42,680 

64,695 

2,709 

69,476 
438,991 

13,865 

2,485 

46,182 

2,222 

544,604 
2,880 

The year 2017 is presented for comparison purposes separately due to the implementation of IFRS 9. 

Not all financial assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value, so below we provide the information on financial instruments recorded at 
fair value and subsequently the information of those recorded at amortized cost (including their fair value although this value is not used 
when accounting for these instruments). 

8.1.1 

Fair value of financial instruments recognized at fair value, according to valuation criteria 

Below are the different elements used in the valuation technique of financial instruments. 

Active Market 

BBVA considers active market as a market that allows the observation of bid and offer prices representative of the levels to which the 
market participants are willing to negotiate an asset, with sufficient frequency and volume. 

By default, BBVA would consider all internally approved “Organized Markets” as active markets, without considering this an unchangeable 
list.  

Furthermore, BBVA would consider as traded in an “Organized Market” quotations for assets or liabilities from Over The Counter (OTC) 
markets when they are obtained from independent sources, observable on a daily basis and fulfil certain conditions. 

The following table shows the financial instruments carried at fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, broken down 
by level used to determine their fair value: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.87 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Fair value of financial instruments by levels (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

ASSETS- 
Financial assets held for trading 

Loans and advances 
Debt securities  
Equity instruments  
Derivatives 

31,135 
697 
18,076 
8,832 
3,530 

70,045 
32,321 
8,178 
- 
29,546 

1,508 
1,285 
55 
59 
109 

26,730 
47 
17,884 
5,194 
3,605 

62,983 
28,642 
7,494 
- 
26,846 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

4,305 

92 

1,160 

3,127 

Loans and advances 
Debt securities  
Equity instruments 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Loans and advances 
Debt securities  
Equity instruments 

82 
- 
4,223 

1,214 

- 
1,214 
- 

- 
91 
1 

- 

- 
- 
- 

1,038 
19 
103 

- 

- 
- 
- 

25 
90 
3,012 

1,313 

- 
1,313 
- 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

50,896 

9,203 

1,084 

45,824 

33 
49,070 
1,794 
44 

26,266 
9,595 
4,425 
12,246 

- 

- 
- 
- 
30 

- 
9,057 
146 
1,685 

62,541 
32,121 
30,419 
1 

9,984 

944 
4,629 
4,410 
2,192 

- 
604 
480 
- 

827 
649 
175 
2 

27 

- 
27 
- 
11 

33 
43,788 
2,003 
7 

22,932 
7,989 
3,919 
11,024 

- 

- 
- 
- 
223 

404 
60 
199 
60 
85 

1,929 

1,778 
76 
75 

- 

- 
- 
- 

1,190 

- 
711 
479 
3 

269 
- 
267 
1 

2,515 

- 
- 
2,515 
3 

78 

- 
71 
8 

- 

- 
- 
- 

9,323 

- 
9,211 
113 
2,882 

57,573 
29,945 
27,628 
- 

4,478 

976 
2,858 
643 
2,454 

2017 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

29,057 
- 
21,107 
6,688 
1,262 

2,061 
- 
- 
174 
1,888 

57,381 
54,850 
2,531 

- 

11,191 
1,183 
10,008 

- 
274 

35,349 
56 
1,444 
33 
33,815 

648 
648 
- 
- 
- 

11,082 
10,948 
134 

2,483 

34,866 
34,866 
- 

2,222 
2,606 

289 
- 
22 
80 
187 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

544 
454 
90 

2 

125 
119 
6 

- 
- 

Loans and advances 
Debt securities  
Equity instruments 

Hedging derivatives 
LIABILITIES- 
Financial liabilities held for trading  

Deposits 
Trading derivatives 
Other financial liabilities 

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Customer deposits 
Debt certificates 
Other financial liabilities 

Derivatives – Hedge accounting 

Fair value of financial instruments by levels  (Millions of euros) 

ASSETS- 
Financial assets held for trading 

Loans and advances to customers 
Debt securities  
Equity instruments  
Derivatives 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Loans and advances to customers 
Loans and advances to credit institutions 
Debt securities 
Equity instruments 

Available-for-sale financial assets  

Debt securities 
Equity instruments 

Hedging derivatives 
LIABILITIES- 
Financial liabilities held for trading  

Derivatives 
Short positions  

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 
Derivatives – Hedge accounting 

The year 2017 is presented for comparison purpose separately due to the implementation of IFRS 9. 

The following table sets forth the main valuation techniques, hypothesis and inputs used in the estimation of fair value of the financial 
instruments  classified  under  Levels  2  and  3,  based  on  the  type  of  financial  asset  and  liability  and  the  corresponding  balances  as  of 
December 31, 2019: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.88 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Fair value of financial Instruments by levels. December 2019 (Millions of euros) 

ASSETS 

Financial assets held for trading 

Loans and advances 

Debt securities  

Equity instruments  

Derivatives 

Interest rate 

Equity 

Foreign exchange and gold 

Credit 

Commodities 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Valuation technique(s) 

Observable inputs 

Unobservable inputs 

70,045 

1,508 

32,321 

1,285 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 

8,178 

- 

29,546 

55 

59 

109 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 
Observed prices in non active markets 

Comparable pricing (Observable price in a similar market) 
Present-value method 

  - Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 
- Funding interest rates observed in the market or in 
consensus services 
- Exchange rates 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Recovery rates 
- Funding interest rates not observed in the 
market or in consensus services 

- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 
- Non active markets prices 

- Brokers quotes 
- Market operations 
- NAVs published 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Recovery rates 

- NAV not published 

Interest rate products (Interest rate Swaps, Call money Swaps y FRA): Discounted cash flows 
Caps/Floors: Black, Hull-White y  SABR 
Bond options: Black 
Swaptions: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Other Interest rate Options: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Constant Maturity Swaps: SABR 

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Equity Options: Local Volatility, Momentum adjustment  

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Foreign exchange Options: Local volatility, moments adjustment 

Credit Derivatives: Default model and Gaussian copula 

Commodities: Momentum adjustment and discounted cash flows 

-  Exchange rates 
-  Market quoted future prices 
-  Market interest rates 
-  Underlying assets prices: shares, funds, 
commodities 
-  Market observable volatilities   
-  Issuer credit spread levels 
-  Quoted dividends 
-  Market listed correlations 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

92 

1,160 

Loans and advances 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Hedging derivatives 

Interest rate 

Equity 

Foreign exchange and gold 

Credit 

Commodities 

- 

91 

1 

9,203 

9,057 

146 

1,685 

1,038 

Specific liquidation criteria regarding losses of the EPA proceedings 
PD and LGD of the internal models, valuations and specific criteria of the EPA proceedings  
Discounted future cash flows 

19 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 

Comparable pricing (Observable price in a similar market) 
Present-value method 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 
Observed prices in non active markets 

Comparable pricing (Observable price in a similar market) 
Present-value method 

103 

1,084 

604 

480 

- 

- Issuer credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 

- Brokers quotes 
- Market operations 
- NAVs published 

- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 
- Non active market prices 

- Brokers quotes 
- Market operations 
- NAVs published 

Interest rate products (Interest rate Swaps, Call money Swaps y FRA): Discounted cash flows 
Caps/Floors: Black, Hull-White y  SABR 
Bond options: Black 
Swaptions: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Other Interest rate Options: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Constant maturity Swaps: SABR 

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Equity Options: Local volatility, Momentum adjustment  

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Foreign exchange Options: Local volatility, moments adjustment 

Credit Derivatives: Default model and Gaussian copula 

Commodities: Momentum adjustment and Discounted cash flows 

-  Exchange rates 
-  Market quoted future prices 
-  Market interest rates 
-  Underlying assets prices: shares, funds, 
commodities 
-  Market observable volatilities   
-  Issuer credit spread levels 
-  Quoted dividends 
-  Market listed correlations 

- Beta 
- Implicit correlations between tenors 
- interest rates volatility 

- Volatility of volatility 
- Implicit assets correlations 
- Long term implicit correlations 
- Implicit dividends and long term repos 
- Volatility of volatility 
- Implicit assets correlations 
- Long term implicit correlations 
- Correlation default 
- Credit spread 
- Recovery rates 
- Interest rate yield 
- Default volatility 

- Prepayment rates 
- Business plan of the underlying asset, WACC, 
macro scenario 
- Property valuation 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer credit risk 
- Recovery rates 

- NAV provided by the administrator of the fund 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer credit risk 
- Recovery rates 

- NAV provided by the administrator of the fund 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.89 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Fair Value of financial Instruments by Levels. December 2019 (Millions of euros) 

Level 2 

62,541 

32,121 

30,419 

1 

9,984 

2,192 

LIABILITIES 

Financial liabilities held for trading  

Deposits 

Derivatives 

Interest rate 

Equity 

Foreign exchange and gold 

Credit 

Commodities 

Short positions  

Financial liabilities designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Derivatives – Hedge accounting 

Interest rate 

Equity 

Foreign exchange and gold 

Credit 

Commodities 

Level 3 

Valuation technique(s) 

Observable inputs 

Unobservable inputs 

827 

649 

175 

2 

27 

11 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 

- Interest rate yield 
- Funding interest rates observed in the market 
or in consensus services 
-  Exchange rates 

- Funding interest rates not observed in 
the market or in consensus services 

Interest rate products (Interest rate Swaps, call money Swaps y FRA): Discounted 
cash flows 
Caps/Floors: Black, Hull-White y  SABR 
Bond options: Black 
Swaptions: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Other Interest rate Options: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Constant Maturity Swaps: SABR 

Future and Equity forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Equity Options: Local volatility, momentum adjustment  

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Foreign exchange Options: Local volatility, moments adjustment 

Credit Derivatives: Default model and Gaussian copula 

Commodities: Momentum adjustment and discounted cash flows 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future cash flows) 

Interest rate products (Interest rate Swaps, Call money Swaps y FRA): Discounted 
cash flows 
Caps/Floors: Black, Hull-White y  SABR 
Bond options: Black 
Swaptions: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Other Interest rate Options: Black, Hull-White y LGM 
Constant Maturity Swaps: SABR 

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Equity Options: Local volatility, momentum adjustment  

Future and Equity Forward: Discounted future cash flows 
Foreign exchange Options: Local Volatility, moments adjustment 

Credit Derivatives: Default model and Gaussian copula 

Commodities: Momentum adjustment and discounted cash flows 

-  Exchange rates 
-  Market quoted future prices 
-  Market interest rates 
-  Underlying assets prices: shares, funds, 
commodities 
-  Market observable volatilities   
-  Issuer credit spread levels 
-  Quoted dividends 
-  Market listed correlations 

- Beta 
- Correlation between tenors 
- Interest rates volatility 

- Volatility of volatility 
- Assets correlation 

- Volatility of volatility 
- Assets correlation 

- Correlation default 
- Credit spread 
- Recovery rates 
- Interest rate yield 
- Default volatility 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 

- Prepayment rates 
- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Current market interest rates 

- Beta 
- Implicit correlations between tenors 
- interest rates volatility 

-  Exchange rates 
-  Market quoted future prices 
-  Market interest rates 
-  Underlying assets prices: shares, funds, 
commodities 
-  Market observable volatilities   
-  Issuer credit spread levels 
-  Quoted dividends 
-  Market listed correlations 

- Volatility of volatility 
- Implicit assets correlations 
- Long term implicit correlations 
- Implicit dividends and long term repos 

- Volatility of volatility 
- Implicit assets correlations 
- Long term implicit correlations 

- Correlation default 
- Credit spread 
- Recovery rates 
- Interest rate yield 
- Default volatility 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.90 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Main valuation techniques 

The main techniques used for the assessment of the majority of the financial instruments classified in Level 3, and its main unobservable 
inputs, are described below: 

The net present value (net present value method): This technique uses the future cash flows of each financial instrument, which are 
established in the different contracts, and discounted to their present value. This technique often includes many observable inputs, 
but may also include unobservable inputs, as described below: 

• 

• 

Credit Spread: This input represents the difference in yield of a debt security and the reference rate, reflecting the additional 
return that a market participant would require to take the credit risk of that debt security. Therefore, the credit spread of the 
debt security is part of the discount rate used to calculate the present value of the future cash flows. 

Recovery  rate:  This  input  represents  the  percentage  of  principal  and  interest  recovered  from  a  debt  instrument  that  has 
defaulted. 

Comparable prices (similar asset prices): This input represents the prices of comparable financial instruments and benchmarks 
used to calculate a reference yield based on relative movements from the entry price or current market levels. Further adjustments 
to account for differences that may exist between financial instrument being valued and the comparable financial instrument may 
be added. It can also be assumed that the price of the financial instrument is equivalent to the comparable instrument. 

Net asset value: This input represents the total value of  the financial assets and liabilities of a fund and is published by the fund 
manager thereof. 

Gaussian copula: This model is used to integrate default probabilities of credit instruments referenced to more than one underlying 
CDS. The joint density function used to value the instrument is constructed by using a Gaussian copula that relates the marginal 
densities by a normal distribution, usually extracted from the correlation matrix of events approaching default by CDS issuers. 

Black 76: variant of Black Scholes model, whose main application is the valuation of bond options, cap floors and swaptions where 
the behavior of the Forward and not the Spot itself, is directly modeled. 

Black Scholes: The Black Scholes model postulates log-normal distribution for the prices of securities, so that the expected return 
under the risk neutral measure is the risk free interest rate. Under this assumption, the  price of vanilla options can  be obtained 
analytically, so that inverting the Black- Scholes formula, the implied volatility for process of the price can be calculated. 

Heston:  This  model,  typically  applied  to  equity  OTC  options,  assumes  stochastic  behavior  of  volatility.  According  to  which,  the 
volatility follows a process that reverts to a long-term level and is correlated with the underlying equity instrument. As opposed to 
local volatility models, in which the volatility evolves deterministically, the Heston model is more flexible, allowing it to be similar to 
that observed in the short term today. 

Libor market model: This model assumes that the dynamics of the interest rate curve can be modeled based on the set of forward 
contracts that compose the underlying interest rate. The correlation matrix is parameterized on the assumption that the correlation 
between any two forward contracts decreases at a constant rate, beta, to the extent of the difference in their respective due dates. 
The input “Credit default volatility” is a volatility input of the credit factor dynamic. The multifactorial frame of this model makes it 
ideal for the valuation of instruments sensitive to the slope or curve, including interest rate option. 

Local  Volatility:  In  the  local  volatility  models  of  the  volatility,  instead  of  being  static,  evolves  over  time  according  to  the  level  of 
moneyness of the underlying, capturing the existence of smiles. These models are appropriate for pricing path dependent options 
when use Monte Carlo simulation technique is used. 

Adjustments to the valuation for risk of default 

Under IFRS 13 the credit risk valuation adjustments must be considered in the classification of assets and liabilities within fair value hierarchy, 
because of the absence of observable data of probabilities of default and recoveries used in the calculation. 

These adjustments are calculated by estimating Exposure At Default, Probability of Default and Loss Given Default, which are based on the 
recovery levels for all derivative products on any instrument, deposits and repos at the legal entity level (all counterparties under a same ISDA 
/ CMOF), in which BBVA has exposure. 

The credit valuation adjustments (“CVA”) and debit valuation adjustments (“DVA”) are a part of derivative instrument valuations, both financial 
assets and liabilities, to reflect the impact in the fair value of the credit risk of the counterparty and BBVA, respectively. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.91 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

As a general rule, the calculation of CVA is done through simulations of market and credit variables to calculate the expected positive exposure, 
given the Exposure at Default and multiplying the result by the Loss Given Default of the counterparty. Consequently, the DVA is calculated as 
the  result  of  the  expected  negative  exposure  given  the  Exposure  at  Default  and  multiplying  the  result  by  the  Loss  Given  Default  of  the 
counterparty. Both calculations are performed throughout the entire period of potential exposure. 

The information needed to calculate the exposure at default and the loss given default come from the credit markets (Credit Default Swaps or 
iTraxx Indexes), where rating is available. For those cases where the rating is not available, BBVA implements a mapping process based on the 
sector, rating and geography to assign probabilities of both probability of default and loss given default, calibrated directly to market or with an 
adjustment market factor for the probability of default and the historical expected loss.  

The amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 related to the valuation adjustments to the credit 
assessment  of  the  derivative  asset  as  “Credit  Valuation  Adjustments”  (“CVA”)  was  €-106  million  and  €-163  million  respectively,  and  the 
valuation adjustments to the derivative liabilities as “Debit Valuation Adjustment” (DVA) was €117 million and €214 million respectively . The 
impact recorded under “Gains or (-) losses on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net” in the consolidated income statement as of 
December, 2019 and 2018  corresponding to the mentioned adjustments was a net impact of €67 million and €-24 million respectively.  

Additionally, as of December, 2019 and 2018, €-8 and €-12 million related to the “Funding Valuation Adjustments” (“FVA”) were recognized in 
the consolidated balance sheet, being the impact on results €4 million and €-2 million, respectively. 

Unobservable inputs 

Quantitative information of unobservable inputs used to calculate Level 3 valuations is presented below as of December 31, 2019: 

Financial instrument  Valuation technique(s) 

Significant 
unobservable inputs 

Min 

Average 

Max 

Units 

Loans and advances 

Present value method 

Repo funding curve 

Credit spread 

Recovery rate 

(6) 

18 

16 

83 

100 

504 

0.00% 

28.38% 

40.00% 

0.01% 

98.31% 

135.94% 

p.b. 

p.b 

% 

% 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments (*) 

Credit option 

Corporate Bond option 

Equity OTC option 

Net present  value 

Comparable pricing 

Net  asset Value 

Comparable pricing 

Gaussian Copula 

Black 76 

Heston 

Local volatility 

FX OTC options 

Black Scholes/Local Vol  Volatility 

Beta 

Correlation default 

19.37% 

44.33% 

61.08% 

% 

Price volatility 

- 

- 

- 

Vegas 

Forward volatility skew 

35.12 

35.12 

35.12 

Vegas 

Dividends (**) 

Volatility 

2.49 

3.70 

0.25 

23.21 

60.90 

Vegas 

6.30 

10.05 

Vegas 

2.00 

18.00 

% 

% 

Interest rate options 

Libor Market Model 

Correlation rate/Credit 

(100) 

100 

(*) Due to the diversity of valuation models of equity valuations, we would not include all the unobservable inputs or the quantitative ranges of them.  

(**) The range of non-observable dividends has too wide range to be relevant. 

Credit default Volatility 

- 

- 

- 

Vegas 

Financial assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 

The changes in the balance of Level 3 financial assets and liabilities included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.92 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets Level 3: Changes in the year (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Balance at the beginning 

Group additions 

Changes in fair value recognized in profit and loss (*) 

Changes in fair value not recognized in profit and loss 

Acquisitions, disposals and liquidations (**) 

Net transfers to Level 3 

Exchange differences and others 

Balance at the end 

3,527 

2,787 

835 

- 

125 

- 

822 

- 

116 

- 

- 

- 

112 

2 

5 

77 

31 

3,753 

44 

(167) 

(95) 

(24) 

(21) 

- 

595 

(2,751) 

189 

865 

(4) 

- 

2,102 

2,710 

761 

- 

47 

- 

3,527 

2,787 

(45) 

32 

106 

(55) 

835 

- 

320 

(39) 

(250) 

125 

 (*) 

(**) 

Profit or loss that is attributable to gains or losses relating to those financial assets and liabilities held as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017. Valuation adjustments are 
recorded under the heading “Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities (net)”. 

Of which, in 2019, the assets roll forward is  comprised of €1,525 million of acquisitions, €1,102 million of disposals and €417 million of liquidations. The liabilities roll 
forward is comprised of €858 million of acquisitions, €53 million of sales and €210 million of liquidations. 

During 2019, certain interest rate yields have been adapted to those observable in the market, which mainly affects the valuation of certain 
deposit classes recorded under “Financial liabilities at amortized cost” and certain insurance products recorded under “Financial liabilities 
designated at fair value through profit or loss - Other financial liabilities”, and, a result thereof, their classification as instruments has changed 
from  Level  3  to  Level  2.  Additionally,  in  Level  3,  €1,285 million  in  assets  held  for  trading  and  €649  in  liabilities  held  for  trading  have  been 
classified, mainly due to certain reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements, due to the non-observability and liquidity in the interest rate 
yield for the financing of assets applied in the calculation of its fair value. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the profit/loss on sales of financial instruments classified as Level 3 recognized in the accompanying 
consolidated income statement was not material. 

Transfers between levels 

The  Global  Valuation  Area,  in  collaboration  with  the  Group,  has  established  the  rules  for  a  proper  financial  instruments  held  for  trading 
classification according to the fair value hierarchy defined by IFRS. 

On  a  monthly  basis,  any  new  assets  added  to  the  portfolio  are  classified,  according  to  this  criterion,  by  the  subsidiaries.  Then,  there  is  a 
quarterly review of the portfolio in order to analyze the need for a change in classification of any of these assets. 

The financial instruments transferred between the different levels of measurement for the year ended December 31, 2019, are at the following 
amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2019: 

Transfer between Levels. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

ASSETS 

Financial assets held for trading 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value 
through profit or loss 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or 
loss 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Derivatives 

Total 
LIABILITIES 
Derivatives 
Financial liabilities held for trading 

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or 
loss 

Total 

From: 

To: 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Level 1  

Level 3 

Level 1 

Level2 

74 

- 

- 

6 

- 

79 

- 
1 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

6 

- 

6 

- 
- 

- 

- 

1,119 

23 

- 

4 

- 

1,145 

- 
- 

- 

- 

502 

2 

- 

209 

26 

739 

27 
- 

27 

54 

1 

- 

1 

- 

- 

2 

- 
- 

- 

- 

160 

44 

- 

454 

10 

667 

125 
- 

2,679 

2,804 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.93 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The amount of financial instruments that were transferred between levels of valuation during the year ended December 31, 2019, is not material 
relative to the total portfolios, and corresponds to the above changes in the classification between levels these financial instruments modified 
some of their features, specifically: 

Transfers between Levels 1 and 2 represent mainly debt securities and equity instruments, which are either no longer listed on an 
active market (transfer from Level 1 to 2) or have just started to be listed (transfer from Level 2 to 1). 

Transfers from Level 2 to Level 3 are mainly due to transactions of financial assets held for trading, derivatives and financial liabilities 
designated at fair value through profit or loss. 

Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 generally affect derivative and debt securities transactions, for which inputs observable in the 
market have been obtained. 

Sensitivity analysis 

Sensitivity analysis is performed on financial instruments with significant unobservable inputs (financial instruments included in level 3), in 
order to obtain a reasonable range of possible alternative valuations. This analysis is carried out on a monthly basis, based on the criteria 
defined by the Global Valuation Area taking into account the nature of the methods used for the assessment and the reliability and availability 
of inputs and proxies used. In order to establish, with a sufficient degree of certainty, the valuating risk that is incurred in such assets without 
applying diversification criteria between them. 

As of December 31, 2019, the effect on profit for the year and total equity of changing the main unobservable inputs used for the measurement 
of Level 3 financial instruments for other reasonably possible unobservable inputs, taking the highest (most favorable input) or lowest (least 
favorable input) value of the range deemed probable, would be as follows: 

Financial instruments Level 3: Sensitivity analysis (Millions of Euros) 

Potential impact on consolidated 
 income statement  

Potential impact on 
other comprehensive income 

Most favorable 
hypothesis 

Least favorable 
hypothesis 

Most favorable 
hypothesis 

Least favorable 
hypothesis 

ASSETS 

Financial assets held for trading 

Loans and Advances 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Derivatives 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at 
fair value through profit or loss 

Loans and advances 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Financial assets designated at fair value 
through profit or loss 
Financial assets at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 

Total 

LIABILITIES 

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Total 

5 

- 

3 

1 

2 

367 

354 

7 

5 

- 

- 

372 

3 

3 

(60) 

(10) 

- 

(48) 

(2) 

(66) 

(61) 

- 

(6) 

- 

- 

(126) 

(3) 

(3) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10 

10 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

(1) 

- 

- 

8.2 

Fair value of financial instruments carried at cost, by valuation criteria 

The valuation technique used to calculate the fair value of financial assets and liabilities carried at cost as of December 31, 2019 are presented 
below: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.94 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets 

  Cash,  balances  at  central  banks  and  other  demand  deposits  /  loans  to  central  banks  /  short-term  loans  to  credit  institutions/ 
Repurchase agreements: in general, their fair value is assimilated to their book value, due  to the nature of the counterparty and 
because they are mainly short-term balances in which the book value is the most reasonable estimation of the value of the asset. 

Loans to credit institutions which are not short-term and loans to customers: In general, the fair value of these financial assets is 
determined by the discount of expected future cash flows, using market interest rates at the time of valuation adjusted by the credit 
spread and taking all kind of behavior hypothesis if it is considered to be relevant (prepayment fees, optionality, etc.). 

Debt securities: Fair value estimated based on the available market price or by using internal valuation methodologies. 

Financial liabilities 

  Deposits from central banks: for recurrent liquidity auctions and other monetary policy instruments of central banks / short-term 
deposits, from credit institutions / repurchase agreements / short term customer deposits: their book value is considered to be the 
best estimation of their fair value. 

  Deposits of credit institutions which are not short-term and term customer deposits: these deposits will be valued by discounting 
future cash flows using the interest rate curve in effect at the time of the adjustment adjusted by the credit spread and incorporating 
any behavioral assumptions if this proves relevant (early repayments , optionalities, etc.). 

Debt certificate (Issuances): The fair value estimation of these liabilities depend on the availability of market prices or by using the 
present value method: discount of future cash flows, using market interest rates at valuation time and taking into account the credit 
spread. 

The following table presents the fair value of key financial instruments carried at amortized cost in the accompanying consolidated balance 
sheets as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, broken down according to the method of valuation used for the estimation: 

Fair value of financial instruments at amortized cost by levels (Millions of euros) 

ASSETS 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

LIABILITIES 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost  

2019 

2018 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

44,111 

29,391 

- 

192 

58,024 

- 

172 

217,279 

196,119 

21,419 

204,619 

193,819 

67,229 

289,599 

159,082 

58,225 

269,128 

182,948 

The main valuation techniques and inputs used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments accounted for at cost and classified in levels 
2 and 3 is shown below. These are broken down by type of financial instrument and the balances correspond to those as of December 31, 2019: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.95 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Fair Value of financial Instruments at amortized cost by valuation technique. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Valuation technique(s) 

Main inputs used 

ASSETS  

Financial assets at 
amortized cost 

217,279 

196,119 

Central banks 

- 

2 

- Credit spread 
- Prepayment rates 
- Interest rate yield 

Loans and advances to 
credit institutions 

Loans and advances to 
customers 

Debt securities 

LIABILITIES 

Financial liabilities at 
amortized cost  

Deposits from central 
banks 
Deposits from credit 
institutions 
Deposits from 
customers 
Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

Equity instruments at cost 

9,049 

4,628 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future 
cash flows) 

- Credit spread 
- Prepayment rates 
- Interest rate yield 

194,897 

190,144 

13,333 

1,345 

289,599 

159,082 

129 

21,575 

245,720 

14,194 

7,981 

- 

6,831 

135,514 

11,133 

5,604 

- Credit spread 
- Prepayment rates 
- Interest rate yield 

- Credit spread 
- Interest rate yield 

Present-value method 
(Discounted future 
cash flows) 

- Issuer´s credit risk 
- Prepayment rates 
- Interest rate yield 

Until 2017, there were equity instruments and discretionary profit-sharing arrangements in some entities which were recognized at cost in the 
Group’s consolidated balance sheets because their fair value could not be estimated in a sufficiently reliable manner for the amount of €469 
million, as of December 31, 2017. 

9. 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits 

The breakdown of the balance under the heading “Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits” in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand deposits (Millions of Euros) 

Cash on hand 

Cash balances at central banks 

Other demand deposits 

Total 

2019 

7,060 

31,755 

5,488 

44,303 

2018 

6,346 

43,880 

7,970 

58,196 

2017 

6,220 

31,718 

4,742 

42,680 

The change in “Cash balances at central banks” is mainly due to the decrease in cash held at the Bank of Spain. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.96 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

10.  Financial assets and liabilities held for trading 

10.1   Breakdown of the balance 

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Financial assets and liabilities held for trading (Millions of Euros) 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

ASSETS 

Derivatives 

Equity instruments 

Credit institutions 

Other sectors 

Debt securities 

Issued by central banks 

Issued by public administrations 

Issued by financial institutions 

Other debt securities 

Loans and advances  

Loans and advances to central banks 

Reverse repurchase agreement 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Reverse repurchase agreement 

Loans and advances to customers 

Reverse repurchase agreement 

Total  assets 

LIABILITIES 

Derivatives 

Short positions 

Deposits 

Deposits from central banks  

Repurchase agreement 

Deposits from credit institutions  

Repurchase agreement 

Customer deposits 

Repurchase agreement 

Total  liabilities 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

35 

35 

35 

35 

35 

35 

- 
33,185 

8,892 

1,037 

7,855 

26,309 

840 

23,918 

679 

872 

34,303 

535 

535 

21,286 

21,219 

12,482 

12,187 

102,688 

35,019 

12,249 

42,365 

7,635 

7,635 

24,969 

24,578 

9,761 

9,689 

89,633 

- 
30,536 

5,254 

880 

4,374 

25,577 

1,001 

22,950 

790 

836 

28,750 

2,163 

2,163 

14,566 

13,305 

12,021 

11,794 

90,117 

31,815 

11,025 

37,934 

10,511 

10,511 

15,687 

14,839 

11,736 

11,466 

80,774 

- 
35,265 

6,801 

962 

5,839 

22,573 

1,371 

19,344 

816 

1,041 

56 

- 

- 

- 

- 

56 

- 

64,695 

36,169 

10,013 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

46,182 

As of December 31, 2019 “Short positions” include €11,649 million held with general governments. 

10.2  Derivatives  

The derivatives portfolio arises from the Group’s need to manage the risks it is exposed to in the normal course of business and also to market 
products amongst the Group’s customers. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, trading derivatives were mainly contracted in over-the-
counter (OTC) markets, with counterparties, consisting primarily of foreign credit institutions and other non financial corporations, and are 
related to foreign-exchange, interest-rate and equity risk.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.97 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Below  is  a  breakdown  of  the  net  positions  by  transaction  type  of  the  fair  value  and  notional  amounts  of  derivatives  recognized  in  the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheets, divided into organized and OTC markets: 

Derivatives by type of risk and by product or by type of market (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

 2018 

2017 

Interest rate 
OTC  
Organized market 
Equity instruments 
OTC 
Organized market 

Foreign exchange and gold 

OTC 
Organized market 
Credit 
Credit default swap 
Credit spread option 
Total return swap 
Other 
Commodities 
Other 
DERIVATIVES 

Of which: OTC - credit institutions 
Of which: OTC - other financial corporations 
Of which: OTC - other 

21,479 
21,479 
- 
2,263 
353 
1,910 

9,086 
9,049 
37 
353 
338 
- 
14 
- 
4 
- 
33,185 
20,706 
6,153 
4,378 

Assets  Liabilities 

Assets  Liabilities 

Notional 
amount - 
Total 
20,853  3,024,794 
20,852  2,997,443 
27,351 
84,140 
40,507 
43,633 

1 
3,499 
1,435 
2,065 

Assets  Liabilities 

Notional 
amount - 
Total 

19,146 
19,146 
- 
2,799 
631 
2,168 

18,769  2,929,371  22,606 
2,910,016  22,606 
18,769 
- 
- 
1,778 
2,956 
578 
463 
1,200 
2,492 

19,355 
114,184 
39,599 
74,586 

Notional 
amount - 
Total 
22,546  2,152,490 
2,129,474 
22,546 
23,016 
- 
95,573 
2,336 
42,298 
1,207 
53,275 
1,129 

10,266 
10,260 
6 
397 
283 
2 
113 
- 
4 
- 

472,194 
463,662 
8,532 
29,077 
26,702 
150 
2,225 
- 
64 
- 

8,355 
8,344 
11 
232 
228 
2 
2 
- 
3 
- 
35,019  3,610,269  30,536 
16,979 
23,717 
1,000,243 
7,372 
6,214  2,370,988 
4,005 
159,521 
3,016 

9,693 
9,638 
55 
393 
248 
- 
145 
- 
3 
- 

432,283 
426,952 
5,331 
25,452 
22,791 
500 
2,161 
- 
67 
- 

10,371 
10,337 
34 
489 
480 
- 
9 
- 
3 
18 
31,815  3,501,358  35,265 
21,016 
897,384 
18,729 
8,695 
2,355,784 
7,758 
4,316 
148,917 
2,780 

10,729 
10,688 
40 
517 
507 
- 
9 
- 
3 
38 

380,404 
373,303 
7,101 
30,181 
27,942 
200 
2,039 
- 
36 
561 
36,169  2,659,246 
898,209 
22,804 
1,548,919 
9,207 
128,722 
2,986 

11. 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss (Millions of Euros) 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances to customers 

Total  

Notes 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

2019 

4,327 

110 

1,120 

5,557 

2018 

2017 

3,095  

237  

1,803  

5,135 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.98 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

12.  Financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss (Millions of Euros) 

ASSETS 

Equity instruments 

Debt securities 

Loans and advances  

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities: Unit-linked products 

Total liabilities 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

7.1.2 

1,214 

- 

1,214 

944 

4,656 

4,410 

10,010 

1,313 

- 

1,313 

976 

2,858 

3,159 

6,993 

1,888 

174 

648 

2,709 

- 

- 

2,222 

2,222 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, within “Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss”, liabilities linked to insurance 
products  where  the  policyholder  bears  the  risk  ("Unit-Link")  are  recorded.    Since  the  liabilities  linked  to  insurance  products  in  which  the 
policyholder assumes the risk are valued the same way as the assets associated to these insurance products, there is no credit risk component 
borne by the Group in relation to these liabilities. 

In  addition,  the  assets  and  liabilities  are  included  in  these  headings  to  reduce  inconsistencies  (asymmetries)  in  the  valuation  of  those 
operations and those used to manage their risk. 

13. 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

13.1 

Breakdown of the balance 

The breakdown of the balance by the main financial instruments in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Financial assets designated at fair value through other comprehensive income (Millions of Euros) 

Equity instruments 

Loss allowances 

Subtotal 

Debt securities 

Loss allowances 

Subtotal 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Total  

13.2 

Equity instruments 

Notes 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2,420 

- 

2,420 

58,841 

(110) 

58,731 

33 

61,183 

2,595 

- 

2,595 

53,737 

(28) 

53,709 

33 

56,337 

4,488 

(1,264) 

3,224 

66,273 

(21) 

66,251 

- 

69,476 

The breakdown of the balance under the heading "Equity instruments" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 
31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.99 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income. Equity instruments. (Millions of Euros) 

Equity instruments  
Spanish companies shares 
Foreign companies shares 

The United States 
Mexico 
Turkey 
Other countries 

Subtotal equity instruments listed 
Equity instruments 
Spanish companies shares 
Foreign companies shares  

The United States 
Mexico 
Turkey 
Other countries 

2019 

2018 

Amortized 
cost 

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
 value  

Amortized 
cost 

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
 value  

2,181 

136 

30 

1 

3 

102 

2,317 

5 

450 

387 

- 

5 

57 

- 

87 

47 

33 

2 

5 

87 

1 

79 

32 

- 

4 

43 

(507) 

(11) 

- 

- 

- 

(11) 

1,674 

213 

78 

34 

5 

96 

2,172 

90 

20 

1 

3 

66 

(518) 

1,886 

2,262 

- 

(1) 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

5 

528 

419 

- 

9 

99 

6 

453 

388 

- 

6 

59 

- 

43 

17 

25 

- 

1 

43 

1 

54 

23 

- 

4 

27 

(210) 

(12) 

- 

- 

(1) 

(11) 

1,962 

121 

37 

26 

2 

56 

(222) 

2,083 

- 

(1) 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

7 

506 

411 

- 

10 

85 

Subtotal unlisted equity instruments 
Total 
2,595 
The breakdown of the balance under the heading "Equity instruments" of the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 
31, 2017 is as follows: 

2,420 

(223) 

2,772 

(519) 

2,721 

454 

459 

533 

513 

167 

80 

98 

(1) 

(1) 

55 

Available-for-sale financial assets. Equity instruments. December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Amortized cost 

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Equity instruments listed 

Spanish companies shares 

Foreign companies shares 

United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Other countries 

Subtotal equity instruments listed 

Unlisted equity instruments 

Spanish companies shares 

Foreign companies shares  

United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

Other countries 

Subtotal unlisted equity instruments 

Total 

13.3  Debt securities 

2,189 

215 

11 

8 

4 

192 

2,404 

33 

665 

498 

1 

15 

151 

698 

3,102 

- 

33 

- 

25 

1 

7 

33 

29 

77 

40 

- 

6 

31 

106 

139 

(1) 

(7) 

- 

- 

- 

(7) 

(8) 

- 

(8) 

(6) 

- 

(2) 

- 

(8) 

(16) 

Fair 
value  

2,188 

241 

11 

33 

5 

192 

2,429 

62 

734 

532 

1 

19 

182 

796 

3,224 

The breakdown of the balance under the heading “Debt securities” of the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 
2019 and 2018, broken down by issuers, is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.100 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income. (Millions of Euros) 

Amortized      

cost  

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
value 

Amortized      

cost  

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
value 

2019 

2018 

Domestic debt securities 
Government and other government 
agency debt securities 
Central banks 
Credit institutions 
Other issuers 
Subtotal  
Foreign debt securities 
Mexico 
Government and other government 
agency debt securities 
Central banks 
Credit institutions 
Other issuers 
The United States 
Government securities  

Treasury and other government 
agencies 
States and political subdivisions  

Central banks 
Credit institutions 
Other issuers 
Turkey 
Government and other government 
agency debt securities 
Central banks 
Credit institutions 
Other issuers 
Other countries 
Other foreign governments and other 
government agency debt securities 
Central banks 
Credit institutions 
Other issuers 
Subtotal  
Total 

20,740 

- 

959 

907 

22,607 

7,790 

6,869 

- 

77 

843 

11,376 

8,570 

5,595 

2,975 

- 

122 

2,684 

3,752 

3,752 

- 

- 

- 

11,870 

6,963 

1,005 

1,795 

2,106 

34,788 

57,395 

830 

- 

65 

40 

935 

22 

18 

- 

2 

2 

68 

42 

32 

10 

- 

2 

24 

38 

38 

- 

- 

- 

554 

383 

9 

109 

53 

681 

1,617 

(20) 

21,550 

17,205 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,024 

947 

- 

793 

804 

(21) 

23,521 

18,802 

(26) 

(19) 

- 

- 

(6) 

(51) 

(12) 

(2) 

(10) 

- 

- 

(39) 

(76) 

(76) 

- 

- 

- 

7,786 

6,868 

- 

78 

840 

11,393 

8,599 

5,624 

2,975 

- 

124 

2,670 

3,713 

3,713 

- 

- 

- 

(106) 

12,318 

(78) 

7,269 

(4) 

(12) 

(12) 

(259) 

(280) 

1,010 

1,892 

2,147 

35,210 

58,731 

6,299 

5,286 

- 

35 

978 

14,507 

11,227 

7,285 

3,942 

- 

49 

3,231 

4,164 

4,007 

- 

157 

- 

9,551 

4,510 

987 

1,856 

2,197 

34,521 

53,323 

661 

- 

63 

37 

761 

6 

4 

- 

- 

2 

47 

37 

29 

8 

- 

1 

9 

20 

20 

- 

- 

- 

319 

173 

2 

111 

33 

392 

1,153 

(9) 

17,857 

- 

- 

(1) 

(10) 

- 

855 

841 

19,553 

(142) 

6,163 

(121) 

5,169 

- 

(1) 

(20) 

(217) 

(135) 

(56) 

(79) 

- 

- 

(82) 

(269) 

- 

34 

961 

14,338 

11,130 

7,258 

3,872 

- 

50 

3,158 

3,916 

(256) 

3,771 

- 

(13) 

- 

- 

145 

- 

(130) 

9,740 

(82) 

(4) 

(20) 

(25) 

(758) 

(768) 

4,601 

986 

1,947 

2,206 

34,157 

53,709 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.101 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The breakdown of the balance under the heading “Debt securities” of the accompanying consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 
2017, broken down by issuers, is as follows: 

Available-for-sale financial assets. December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Amortized       

cost 

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Domestic debt securities 
Government and other government agency debt securities 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Subtotal Spanish debt securities 

Foreign debt securities 

Mexico 

Government and other government agency debt securities 

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

The United States 

Government securities  

Treasury and other government agencies 

States and political subdivisions  

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Turkey 

Government and other government agency debt securities 

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Other countries 
Other foreign governments and other government agency 
debt securities 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Subtotal  

Total 

22,765 
- 

891 

1,061 

24,716 

9,755 

8,101 

- 

212 

1,442 

12,479 

8,625 

3,052 

5,573 

- 

56 

3,798 

5,052 

5,033 

- 

19 

- 

13,271 

6,774 

1,330 

2,535 

2,632 

40,557 

65,273 

791 
- 

72 

43 

906 

45 

34 

- 

1 

10 

36 

8 

- 

8 

- 

1 

26 

48 

48 

- 

- 

- 

533 

325 

2 

139 

66 

661 

1,567 

The credit ratings of the issuers of debt securities as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 are as follows: 

Fair 
value 

23,539 
- 

962 

1,103 

25,605 

9,658 

8,015 

- 

209 

1,434 

12,317 

8,500 

3,018 

5,482 

- 

57 

3,759 

4,985 

4,967 

- 

19 

- 

(17) 
- 

- 

- 

(17) 

(142) 

(120) 

- 

(3) 

(19) 

(198) 

(133) 

(34) 

(99) 

- 

- 

(65) 

(115) 

(114) 

- 

(1) 

- 

(117) 

13,687 

(77) 

(1) 

(19) 

(19) 

(572) 

(589) 

7,022 

1,331 

2,654 

2,679 

40,647 

66,251 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.102 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Debt securities by rating 

AAA 

AA+ 

AA 

AA- 

A+ 

A 

A- 
BBB+ 

BBB 

BBB- 

BB+ or below 

Without rating 

Total 

13.4  Gains/losses 

Changes in gains / losses 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Fair value 
(Millions of Euros) 

% 

Fair value 
(Millions of Euros) 

% 

Fair value 
(Millions of Euros) 

% 

531 

1.0% 

687 

1.0% 

13,100 

24.4% 

10,738 

16.2% 

3,669 

6.2% 

7,279 

12.4% 

317 

265 

3,367 

0.5% 

0.5% 

5.7% 

12,895 

22.0% 

222 

409 

632 

687 

0.4% 

0.8% 

1.2% 

1.3% 

10,947 

18.6% 

18,426 

34.3% 

9,946 

2,966 

1,927 

4,712 

441 

16.9% 

5.1% 

3.3% 

8.0% 

0.8% 

9,195 

4,607 

1,003 

4,453 

445 

17.1% 

8.6% 

1.9% 

8.3% 

0.8% 

507 

291 

664 

683 

1,330 

0.8% 

0.4% 

1.0% 

1.0% 

2.0% 

35,175 

53.1% 

7,958 

5,583 

1,564 

1,071 

12.0% 

8.4% 

2.4% 

1.6% 

58,731 

100.0% 

53,709 

100.0% 

66,251 

100.0% 

The  changes  in  the  gains/losses  (net  of  taxes)  in  December  31,  2019  and  2018  of  debt  securities  recognized  under  the  equity  heading 
“Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  –  Items  that  may  be  reclassified  to  profit  or  loss  –  Fair  value  changes  of  debt  instruments 
measured at fair value through other comprehensive income” and equity instruments recognized under the equity heading “Accumulated 
other comprehensive income – Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss – Changes in fair value of equity instruments designated at 
fair value through other comprehensive income” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

Other comprehensive income - Changes in gains / losses (Millions of euros) 

Balance at the beginning  

Effect of changes in accounting policies (IFRS 9) 

Valuation gains and losses 

Amounts transferred to income 

Other reclassifications 

Income tax 

Balance at the end 

Notes 

30 

Debt securities  

Equity instruments 

2019 

943 

- 

1,267 

(119) 

- 

(331) 

1,760 

2018 

1,557 

(58) 

(640) 

(137)  

- 

221 

943 

2019 

(155) 

- 

(238) 

- 

(10) 

(403) 

2018 

84 

(40) 

(174) 

- 

(25) 

(155) 

In 2019, the debt securities impaired recognized in the heading “Impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss net gains by modification– Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” in the accompanying 
consolidated income statement amounted to €83 million (see Note 47) as a result of the decrease in the rating of debt securities in BBVA 
Argentina during the last quarter of 2019. 

In 2018, the debt securities impaired recognized in the heading “Impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss net gains by modification– Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income” in the accompanying 
consolidated income statement amounted to €1 million (see Note 47). 

During 2019 and 2018 there has been no significant impairment registered in equity instruments under the heading “Impairment or reversal of 
impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss net gains by modification- Financial assets at fair value through 
other comprehensive income” (see Note 47). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.103 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

14.  Financial assets at amortized cost 

14.1 

Breakdown of the balance 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to the nature of the financial 
instrument, is as follows: 

Financial assets at amortized cost (Millions of Euros) 

Debt securities 

Government 

Credit institutions 

Other sectors  

Loans and advances to central banks 

Loans and advances to credit institutions 

Reverse repurchase agreements 

Other loans and advances 

Loans and advances to customers 

Government 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Other 

Total 

Of which: impaired assets of loans and advances to customers 

Of which: loss allowances of loans and advances 

Of which: loss allowances of debt securities 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

35 

38,877 

31,526 

719 

6,632 

4,275 

13,649 

1,817 

11,832 

32,530 

25,014 

644 

6,872 

3,941 

9,163 

478 

8,685 

382,360 

374,027 

28,222 

11,207 

166,789 

176,142 

439,162 

15,954 

(12,427) 

(52) 

28,114 

9,468 

163,922 

172,522 

419,660 

16,349 

(12,217) 

(51) 

24,093 

17,030 

1,152 

5,911 

7,300 

26,261 

13,861 

12,400 

387,621 

31,645 

18,173 

164,510 

173,293 

445,275 

19,390 

(12,784) 

(15) 

During financial years 2019 and 2018, there have been no significant reclassifications neither from “Financial assets at amortized cost” to other 
headings or from other headings to “Financial assets at amortized cost”. 

14.2  Debt securities 

The breakdown of the balance under the heading “Debt securities” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to the issuer 
of the debt securities, is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.104
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financial assets at amortized cost. (Millions of Euros) 

 2019 

2018 

Amortized      

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
 value 

Amortized      

Unrealized 
gains 

Unrealized 
losses 

Fair 
 value 

cost 

cost 

Domestic debt 
securities 
Government and 
other government 
agencies 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Subtotal  

Foreign debt 
securities 

Mexico 
Government and 
other government 
agencies debt 
securities 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

The United States 
Government 
securities  

Treasury and 
other government 
agencies 
States and 
political 
subdivisions  

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Turkey 
Government and 
other government 
agencies debt 
securities 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Other countries 
Other foreign 
governments and 
other government 
agency debt 
securities 
Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Other issuers 

Subtotal  

Total 

12,755 

630 

(21) 

13,363 

10,953 

458 

(265) 

11,146 

- 

26 

4,903 

17,684 

- 

- 

38 

668 

- 

- 

(10) 

(31)

- 

26 

- 

53 

4,931 

5,014 

18,320

16,019 

- 

- 

41 

499 

- 

- 

- 

53 

(25) 

5,030 

(290)

16,228

6,374 

168 

(18)

6,525

5,148 

10 

-

5,157

5,742 

4,571 

- 

529

254 

- 

350 

227 

9 

- 

1 

- 

-

- 

-

- 

4,579 

- 

351 

227 

6,217

2,559 

15 

(3)

2,570

-

- 

-

(18) 

(20)

(18) 

5,576 

166 

- 

526 

272 

6,125 

5,690 

1,161 

4,530 

- 

25 

410 

- 

2 

-

111 

111 

50 

61 

- 

- 

- 

5,783 

2,070 

(17) 

1,193 

118 

(1) 

- 

(1) 

(1) 

4,590 

1,952 

- 

25 

409 

- 

23 

466 

4,113 

48 

(65)

4,097

4,062 

4,105 

47 

(65) 

4,088 

4,054 

- 

7 

1 

- 

1 

- 

- 

-

- 

- 

8 

1 

- 

7 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9 

6 

-

-

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2) 

(1) 

2,070 

118 

1,952 

- 

30 

470 

(261)

3,801 

(261) 

3,793 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7 

1 

4,581 

82 

(26)

4,637

4,741 

32 

(152)

4,622

3,400 

82 

(22) 

3,459 

3,366 

27 

(152) 

3,242 

- 

135 

1,047 

21,194 

38,877 

- 

- 

-

409 

1,077 

- 

- 

- 

135 

(4) 

1,043 

(129)

(160)

21,476

39,796

64 

147 

1,164 

16,510 

32,530 

- 

- 

5 

57 

556 

- 

- 

-

(416)

(706)

64 

147 

1,169 

16,150

32,378

P.105
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the credit ratings of the issuers of debt securities classified as follows: 

AAA 
AA+ 

AA 

AA- 

A+ 

A 

A- 

BBB+ 

BBB 

BBB- 

BB+ or below 

Without rating 

Total 

2019 

2018 

Carrying amount 
(Millions of Euros) 

% 

Carrying amount 
(Millions of Euros) 

39 

6,481 

14 

713 

- 

16,806 

607 

3,715 

551 

3,745 

5,123 

1,083 

0.1% 

16.7% 

- 

1.8% 

- 

43.2% 

1.6% 

9.6% 

1.4% 

9.6% 

13.2% 

2.8% 

49 

1,969 

62 

- 

607 

21 

6,117 

13,894 

1,623 

2,694 

4,371 

1,123 

% 

0.2% 

6.1% 

0.2% 

- 

1.9% 

0.1% 

18.8% 

42.7% 

5.0% 

8.3% 

13.4% 

3.5% 

38,877 

100.0% 

32,530 

100.0% 

14.3 

Loans and advances to customers 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to their nature, 
is as follows: 

Loans and advances to customers (Millions of Euros) 

On demand and short notice 

Credit card debt 

Trade receivables 

Finance leases 

Reverse repurchase agreements 

Other term loans 

Advances that are not loans 

Total  

Notes 

35  

2019 

3,050 

16,354 

17,276 

8,711 

26 

332,160 

4,784 

382,360 

2018 

3,641 

15,445 

17,436 

8,650 

294 

324,767 

3,794 

374,027 

2017 

10,560 

15,835 

22,705 

8,642 

11,554 

313,336 

4,989 

387,621 

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the gross carrying amount "Loans and advances to customers" with maturity greater than one 
year by fixed and variable rate as of December 31, 2019: 

'Interest sensitivity of outstanding loans and advances maturing in more than one year (Millions of Euros) 

Fixed rate 

Variable rate 

Total 

Domestic 

55,920 

79,329 
135,249 

Foreign 

68,915 

97,765 
166,680 

Total 

124,835 

177,095 
301,929 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 41%, 38% and 38%, respectively, of "Loans and advances to customers" with maturity greater than 
one year have fixed-interest rates and 59%, 62% and 62%, respectively, have variable interest rates. 

P.106
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The heading “Financial assets at amortized cost – Loans and advances to customers” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets also 
includes certain secured loans that, as mentioned in Appendix X and pursuant to the Mortgage Market Act, are linked to long-term mortgage-
covered bonds.  

This heading also includes some loans that have been securitized. The balances recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets 
corresponding to these securitized loans are as follows: 

Securitized loans (Millions of Euros) 

Securitized mortgage assets 

Other securitized assets 

Total securitized assets 

2019 

26,169 

4,249 

30,418 

2018 

26,556 

3,221 

29,777 

2017 

28,950 

4,143 

33,093 

15. Hedging  derivatives  and  fair  value  changes  of  the  hedged  items  in  portfolio  hedges  of
interest rate risk

The balance of these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Derivatives – Hedge accounting and fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedge of interest rate risk (Millions of Euros) 

ASSETS 

Derivatives – Hedge accounting 

Fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk 

LIABILITIES 

Hedging derivatives 

Fair value changes of the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk 

2019 

1,729 

28 

2,233 

- 

2018 

2017 

2,892 

(21) 

2,680 

- 

2,485 

(25) 

2,880 

(7) 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the main positions hedged by the Group and the derivatives designated to hedge those positions 
were: 

Fair value hedging: 

•

•

•

•

Fixed-interest debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income and at amortized cost: The interest rate risk
of these securities is hedged using interest rate derivatives (fixed-variable swaps) and forward sales. 

Long-term fixed-interest debt securities issued by the Bank: the interest rate risk of these securities is hedged using interest
rate derivatives (fixed-variable swaps). 

Fixed-interest loans: The equity price risk of these instruments is hedged using interest rate derivatives (fixed-variable swaps).

Fixed-interest  and/or  embedded  derivative  deposit  portfolio  hedges:  it  covers  the  interest  rate  risk  through  fixed-variable 
swaps. The valuation of the borrowed deposits corresponding to the interest rate risk is in the heading "Fair value changes of 
the hedged items in portfolio hedges of interest rate risk”. 

Cash-flow hedges: Most of the hedged items are floating interest-rate loans and asset hedges linked to the inflation of the financial 
assets at fair value through other comprehensive income portfolio. This risk is hedged using foreign-exchange, interest-rate swaps, 
inflation and FRA’s (“Forward Rate Agreement”).  

Net foreign-currency investment hedges: These hedged risks are foreign-currency investments in the Group’s foreign subsidiaries. 
This risk is hedged mainly with foreign-exchange options and forward currency sales and purchases.  

Note 7 analyzes the Group’s main risks that are hedged using these derivatives. 

P.107 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The details of the net positions by hedged risk of the fair value of the hedging derivatives recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance 
sheets are as follows: 

Derivatives - Hedge accounting breakdown by type of risk and type of hedge. (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Interest rate 

OTC  

Organized market  

Equity 

OTC  

Organized market 

Foreign exchange and gold 

OTC 

Organized market 

Credit 

Commodities 

Other 

FAIR VALUE HEDGES 

Interest rate 

OTC  

Organized market 

Equity 

OTC  

Organized market 

Foreign exchange and gold 

OTC  

Organized market 

Credit 

Commodities 

Other 

CASH FLOW HEDGES 

HEDGE OF NET INVESTMENTS IN A 
FOREIGN OPERATION 

PORTFOLIO FAIR VALUE HEDGES OF 
INTEREST RATE RISK 

PORTFOLIO CASH FLOW HEDGES OF 
INTEREST RATE RISK 

DERIVATIVES-HEDGE ACCOUNTING 

of which: OTC - credit institutions 

of which: OTC - other financial corporations 

of which: OTC - other 

920 

920 

- 

- 

- 

- 

420 

420 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,341 

224 

224 

- 

- 

- 

- 

115 

115 

- 

- 

- 

- 

339 

12 

37 

1 

1,729 

1,423 

306 

- 

488 

488 

- 

3 

3 

- 

316 

316 

- 

- 

- 

- 

808 

850 

839 

11 

- 

- 

- 

18 

18 

- 

- 

- 

- 

868 

242 

216 

99 

2,233 

1,787 

426 

8 

982 

982 

- 

6 

6 

- 

587 

587 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,575 

221 

219 

2 

- 

- 

- 

955 

955 

- 

- 

- 

- 

513 

513 

- 

- 

- 

- 

398 

398 

- 

- 

- 

- 

912 

562 

562 

- 

- 

- 

- 

873 

873 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,176 

1,435 

92 

33 

15 

2,892 

2,534 

355 

2 

231 

90 

12 

2,680 

2,462 

216 

2 

1,141 

1,141 

- 

- 

- 

- 

625 

625 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,766 

244 

242 

2 

- 

- 

- 

119 

119 

- 

- 

- 

- 

363 

301 

850 

850 

- 

- 

- 

- 

511 

511 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,362 

533 

533 

- 

- 

- 

- 

714 

714 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,247 

15 

46 

256 

9 

- 

2,485 

1,829 

651 

2 

2,880 

2,527 

234 

120 

The  cash  flows  forecasts  for  the  coming  years  for  cash  flow  hedging  recognized  on  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheet  as  of 
December 31, 2019 are: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.108 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Cash flows of hedging instruments (Millions of Euros) 

Receivable cash inflows 
Payable cash outflows 

3 months or less 

From 3 months 
to 1 year 

From 1 to 5 
years 

More than 5 
years 

447 
395 

488 
411 

2,076 
2,223 

2,061 
2,003 

Total 

5,071 
5,032 

The above cash flows will have an impact on the Group’s consolidated income statements until 2057. 

In 2019, 2018 and 2017, there was no reclassification in the accompanying consolidated income statements of any amount corresponding to 
cash flow hedges that was previously recognized in equity (see Note 41).  

The amount for derivatives designated as accounting hedges that did not pass the effectiveness test in December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
were not material.  

16. 

Investments in joint ventures and associates  

16.1 

Joint ventures and associates 

The breakdown of the balance of “Investments in joint ventures and associates” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows:  

Joint ventures and associates. Breakdown by entities (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Joint ventures 

Altura Markets S.V., S.A. 

RCI Colombia 

Desarrollo Metropolitanos del Sur, S.L. 

Other 

Subtotal 

Associates 

Divarian Propiedad, S.A.U. 

Metrovacesa, S.A. 

ATOM Bank PLC 

Solarisbank AG 

Cofides 

Redsys servicios de procesamiento, S.L. 

Servicios Electrónicos Globales S.A. de CV 

Other 

Subtotal 

Total 

73 

37 

14 

30 

154 

630 

443 

136 

36 

23 

14 

11 

41 

69 

32 

13 

59 

173 

591 

508 

138 

37 

22 

12 

9 

88 

1,334 

1,488 

1,405 

1,578 

64 

19 

12 

160 

256 

- 

697 

66 

- 

21 

10 

6 

533 

1,332 

1,588 

Details of the joint ventures and associates as of December 31, 2019 are shown in Appendix II.  

The following is a summary of the changes in the in December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 under this heading in the accompanying consolidated 
balance sheets: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.109 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Joint ventures and associates. Changes in the year (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Acquisitions and capital increases 
Disposals and capital reductions 
Transfers and changes of consolidation method 
Share of profit and loss 
Exchange differences 
Dividends, valuation adjustments and others 

Balance at the end  

Notes 

39 

2019 

1,578 
161 
(149) 
(27) 
(42) 
10 
(43) 

1,488 

2018 

1,588 
309 
(516) 
211 
(7) 
2 
(8) 

1,578 

2017 

765 
868 
(8) 
- 
4 
(29) 
(12) 

1,588 

The variation during the year 2017 was mainly explained by the increase of BBVA Group stakes in Testa Residencial, S.A. and Metrovacesa 
Suelo y Promoción, S.A. through its contribution to the capital increases carried out by both entities by contributing assets from the Bank’s 
real estate assets (see Note 21). 

The variation during the year 2018 was mainly explained by the decrease of BBVA Group stakes in Testa Residencial, S.A., Metrovacesa Suelo 
y Promoción, S.A. and the contribution of assets and subsequent sale to Cerberus of 80% of the capital stake in Divarian Propiedad, S.A.U., 
(see Note 3 and Appendix III). 

During the year 2019, there was no significant change in the heading “Investment in joint ventures and associates” 

Appendix III provides notifications on acquisitions and disposals of holdings in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates, in compliance with 
article 155 of the Corporations Act and article 53 of the Securities Market Act 24/1988. 

16.2 

Other information about associates and joint ventures  

If these entities had been consolidated rather than accounted for using the equity method, the change in each of the lines of balance sheet and 
the consolidated income statement would not be significant. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 there was no financial support agreement or other contractual commitment to associates and joint 
ventures entities from the holding or the subsidiaries that are not recognized in the financial statements (see Note 53.2).  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 there was no contingent liability in connection with the investments in joint ventures and associates 
(see Note 53.2).  

16.3 

Impairment 

As described in IAS 36, when there is indicator of impairment, the book value of the associates and joint venture entities should be compared 
with their recoverable amount, being the latter calculated as the higher between the value in use and the fair value minus the cost of sale. As of 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, there were no significant impairments recognized. 

17. 

Tangible assets 

The breakdown and movement of the balance and changes of this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to the 
nature of the related items, is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.110 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Tangible assets: Breakdown by type of assets and changes in the year 2019. (Millions of Euros) 

Notes 

Land and 
buildings 

Work in 
progress 

Furniture, 
fixtures and 
vehicles 

Own use 

Investment 
properties 

Right to use asset(*) 

Investment 
properties 

Assets 
leased out 
under an 
operating 
lease 

Total 

Cost  

Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the 
year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Accrued depreciation  
Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the 
year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Impairment  
Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the 
year 
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Net tangible assets 

45 

48 

5,939 
90 
(44) 

- 

- 
(41) 
57 

6,001 

1,138 
126 
(38) 

- 

- 
(16) 
43 

1,253 

217 
14 
(3) 

- 

- 
(16) 
- 

212 

70 
63 
(20) 

- 

- 
(51) 
(6) 

56 

6,314   
335   
(302)   

-   

-   
(8)   
12   

- 
3,574 
(57) 

- 

- 
(1) 
- 

- 
101 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

201 
12 
(10) 

- 

- 
13 
- 

6,351   

3,516 

101 

216 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

4,212   
457   
(255)   

-   

-   
(13)   
(57)   

4,344   

-   
20   
-   

-   

-   
-   
(20)   

-   

- 
381 
(3) 

- 

- 
(1) 
(7) 

370 

- 
60 
- 

- 

- 
127 
4 

191 

- 
11 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

11 
4 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

11 

15 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
14 
- 

14 

27 
- 
- 

- 

- 
(4) 
3 

26 

386 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
(49) 

337 

76 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
(2) 

74 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

12,910 
4,175 
(433) 

- 

- 
(88) 
14 

16,578 

5,437 
979 
(296) 

- 

- 
(30) 
(23) 

6,067 

244 
94 
(3) 

- 

- 
121 
(13) 

443 

Balance at the beginning  

Balance at the end 

4,584 

4,536 

70 

56 

2,102   

2,007   

- 

2,955 

- 

76 

163 

175 

310 

263 

7,229 

10,068 

(*)     The right to use is included at the date of implementation of IFRS 16 as of January 1, 2019.The right to use asset consists mainly of the rental of commercial 
real estate premises for central services and the network branches located in the countries where the Group operates whose average term is between 5 and 
20 years. The clauses included in rental contracts correspond to a large extent to rental contracts under normal market conditions in the country where the 
property is rented (see Note 2.3). During 2019, there have been no significant changes in the right to use assets for leases. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.111 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Tangible assets. Breakdown by type of assets and changes in the year 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Cost  

Balance at the beginning 

Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Accrued depreciation  

Balance at the beginning 

Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Impairment  

Balance at the beginning 

Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year 
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Net tangible assets 

Balance at the beginning  

Balance at the end 

For own use 

Notes 

Land and 
buildings 

Work in 
progress 

Furniture, 
fixtures and 
vehicles 

Total tangible 
asset of own 
use 

Investment 
properties 

Assets leased 
out under an 
operating 
lease 

Total 

5,490 

445 
(98) 
- 
- 
64 
38 

5,939 

234 

78 
(17) 
- 
- 
(177) 
(48) 

70 

6,628 

12,352 

404 
(492) 
- 
- 
(12) 
(214) 

927 
(607) 
- 
- 
(125) 
(224) 

6,314 

12,323 

1,076 

 - 

4,380 

5,456 

45 

48 

120 
(36) 
- 
(3) 
(31) 
12 

1,138 

315 

30 
- 
- 
- 
(77) 
(51) 

217 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

 - 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

469 
(403) 
- 
- 
(22) 
(212) 

4,212 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

589 
(439) 
- 
(3) 
(53) 
(200) 

5,350 

315 

30 
- 
- 
- 
(77) 
(51) 

217 

- 

228 

11 
(149) 
- 
- 
(5) 
116 

201 

13 

5 
(8) 
- 
- 
(2) 
3 

11 

20 

(25) 
(27) 
- 
- 
(3) 
62 

27 

- 

492 

13,072 

- 
(1) 
- 
- 
- 
(105) 

938 
(757) 
- 
- 
(130) 
(213) 

386 

12,910 

77 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(1) 

76 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

5,546 

594 
(447) 
- 
(3) 
(55) 
(198) 

5,437 

335 

5 
(27) 
- 
- 
(80) 
11 

244 

- 

4,099 

4,584 

234 

70 

2,248 

2,102 

6,581 

6,756 

195 

163 

415 

310 

7,191 

7,229 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.112 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Tangible assets. Breakdown by type of assets and changes in the year 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Cost  

Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Accrued depreciation  

Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year  
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Impairment  

Balance at the beginning 
Additions 
Retirements 
Acquisition of subsidiaries in the year 
Disposal of entities in the year 
Transfers 
Exchange difference and other 

Balance at the end 

Net tangible assets 

Balance at the beginning  

Balance at the end 

For own use 

Notes 

Land and 
buildings 

Work in 
progress 

Furniture, 
fixtures and 
vehicles 

Total 
tangible 
asset of own 
use 

Investment 
properties 

Assets leased 
out under an 
operating lease 

Total 

6,176 
49 
(42) 
 - 
 - 
(273) 
(420) 

5,490 

1,116 
127 
(26) 
 - 
 - 
(53) 
(88) 

1,076 

379 
5 
(2) 
 - 
 - 
(58) 
(9) 

315 

240 
128 
(29) 
 - 
 - 
(57) 
(48) 

234 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

7,059 
397 
(264) 
 - 
 - 
(186) 
(378) 

6,628 

4,461 
553 
(235) 
 - 
 - 
(146) 
(253) 

13,473 
574 
(335) 
 - 
 - 
(516) 
(844) 

12,352 

5,577 
680 
(261) 
 - 
 - 
(199) 
(341) 

4,380 

5,456 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 

 - 

379 
5 
(2) 
 - 
 - 
(58) 
(9) 

315 

1,163 
1 
(90) 
 - 
 - 
(698) 
(148) 

228 

63 
13 
(7) 
 - 
 - 
(31) 
(25) 

13 

409 
37 
(10) 
 - 
 - 
(276) 
(140) 

20 

958 
201 
(93) 
 - 
(552) 
 - 
(22) 

492 

216 
 - 
(21) 
 - 
(134) 
 - 
16 

77 

10 
 - 
 - 
 - 
(10) 
 - 
 - 

 - 

15,594 
776 
(518) 
 - 
(552) 
(1,214) 
(1,014) 

13,072 

5,856 
693 
(289) 
 - 
(134) 
(230) 
(350) 

5,546 

798 
42 
(12) 
 - 
(10) 
(334) 
(149) 

335 

45 

48 

4,681 

4,099 

240 

234 

2,598 

2,248 

7,519 

6,581 

691 

195 

732 

415 

8,941 

7,191 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the cost of fully amortized tangible assets that remained in use were €2,658 €2,624 and €2,660 
million respectively while its recoverable residual value was not significant. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 the amount of tangible assets under financial lease schemes on which the purchase option is expected 
to be exercised was not material. The main activity of the Group is carried out through a network of bank branches located geographically as 
shown in the following table: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.113 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Branches by geographical location (Number of branches) 

Spain 

Mexico 
South America 
The United States  
Turkey 
Rest of Eurasia 
Total 

2019 

2,642 

1,860 
1,530 
643 
1,038 
31 
7,744 

2018 

2,840 

1,836 
1,543 
646 
1,066 
32 
7,963 

2017 

3,019 

1,840 
1,631 
651 
1,095 
35 
8,271 

The following table shows the detail of the net carrying amount of the tangible assets corresponding to Spanish and foreign subsidiaries as of 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

Tangible assets by Spanish and foreign subsidiaries. Net assets values (Millions of euros) 

BBVA and Spanish subsidiaries 

Foreign subsidiaries 

Total 

18. 

Intangible assets 

18.1  Goodwill 

2019 

4,865 

5,203 

10,068 

2018 

2,705 

4,524 

7,229 

2017 

2,574 

4,617 

7,191 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to the cash-generating unit 
(hereinafter “CGU”) to which goodwill has been allocated, is as follows:  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.114 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Goodwill. Breakdown by CGU and changes of the year (Millions of Euros) 

The United 
States 

Turkey 

Mexico 

Colombia 

Chile 

Other 

Total 

Balance as of December 31, 2016 

5,503 

Additions  

Exchange difference 

Impairment 

Other 

- 

(666) 

- 

- 

Balance as of December 31, 2017 

4,837 

Additions  

Exchange difference 

Impairment 

Other 

- 

229 

- 

- 

Balance as of December 31, 2018 

5,066 

Additions  

Exchange difference 

Impairment 

Other 

- 

98 

(1,318) 

- 

624 

- 

(115) 

- 

- 

509 

- 

(127) 

- 

- 

382 

- 

(36) 

- 

- 

523 

24 

(44) 

- 

(10) 

493 

- 

26 

- 

- 

191 

- 

(22) 

- 

- 

168 

- 

(7) 

- 

- 

519 

161 

- 

31 

- 

- 

- 

3 

- 

- 

Balance as of December 31, 2019 

3,846 

346 

550 

164 

Goodwill in business combinations 

There were no significant business combinations during 2019, 2018 and 2017. 

Impairment Test 

68 

- 

(3) 

- 

(33) 

32 

- 

(3) 

- 

- 

29 

- 

(2) 

- 

- 

27 

28 

- 

(1) 

(4) 

- 

23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

23 

- 

(1) 

- 

- 

6,937 

24 

(851) 

(4) 

(43) 

6,062 

- 

118 

- 

- 

6,180 

- 

93 

(1,318) 

- 

22 

4,955 

As mentioned in Note 2.2.8, the CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated, are periodically tested for impairment by including the allocated 
goodwill in their carrying amount. This analysis is performed at least annually and whenever there is any indication of impairment.  

The BBVA Group performs estimations on the recoverable amount of certain CGU´s by calculating the value in use through the discounted 
value of future cash flows method. 

The main hypotheses used for the value in use calculation are the following: 

The forecast cash flows, including net interest margin, estimated by the Group's management, and based on the latest available 
budgets for the next 3 to 5 years, considering the macroeconomic variables of each CGU, regarding the existing balance structure 
as well as macroeconomic variables such as the evolution of interest rates and the CPI of the geography where the CGU is located, 
among others.  

The constant sustainable growth rate for extrapolating cash flows, starting in the third or fifth year, beyond the period covered by 
the budgets or forecasts. 

The discount rate on future cash flows, which coincides with the cost of capital assigned to each CGU, and which consists of a risk-
free rate plus a premium that reflects the inherent risk of each of the businesses evaluated. 

The focus used by the Group's management to determine the values of the assumptions is based both on its projections and past experience. 
These values are verified and use external sources of information, wherever possible. Additionally, the valuations of the goodwill of the CGUs 
of The United States and Turkey have been reviewed by independent experts (not the Group's external auditors). However, certain changes to 
the valuation assumptions used could cause differences in the impairment test result. 

As a result of the goodwill impairment tests performed by the Group as of December 31, 2019, the Group estimated impairment losses in the 
United States CGU, which have been recognized under “Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets - Intangible assets” in 
the accompanying consolidated income statement as of December 31, 2019, assigned to the Group Corporate Center. This impairment had a 
net negative impact on the “Profit for the year – attributable to owners of the parent” of €1,318 million, which is mainly as a result of the negative 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.115 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

evolution of interest rates, especially in the second half of the year, which accompanied by the slowdown of the economy causes the expected 
evolution of results below the previous estimation. This recognition does not affect the Tangible Net Equity or the solvency ratio of the BBVA 
Group. 

As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, no impairment has been identified in any of the main CGUs. 

Goodwill - The United States CGU 

The Group’s most significant goodwill corresponds to the CGU in the United States, the main significant assumptions used in the impairment 
test of this mentioned CGU are: 

Impairment test assumptions CGU goodwill in the United States  

Discount rate 

Sustainable growth rate 

2019 

2018 

2017 

10.0% 

3.5% 

10.5% 

4.0% 

10.0% 

4.0% 

In accordance with paragraph 33.c of IAS 36, as of December 31, 2019, the Group used a steady growth rate of 3.5% based on the real GDP 
growth rate of the United States, the expected inflation and the potential growth of the banking sector in the United States. This 3.5% rate is 
lower  than  the  historical  average  of  the  past  30  years  of  the  nominal  GDP  rate  of  the  United  States  and  lower  than  the  real  GDP  growth 
forecasted by the IMF. 

The assumptions with a greater relative weight and whose volatility could have a greater impact in determining the present value of the cash 
flows starting on the fifth year are the discount rate and the sustainable growth rate. Below is shown the increased (or decreased) amount of 
the CGU recoverable amount as a result of a reasonable variation (in basis points) of each of the key assumptions as of December 31, 2019: 

Sensitivity analysis for main assumptions - The United States (Millions of Euros) 

Discount rate 

Sustainable growth rate 

(871) 

340 

1,017 

(292) 

Increase of 50 basis points (*) 

Decrease of 50 basis points (*) 

(*) 

Based on historical changes, the use of 50 basis points to calculate the sensitivity analysis would be a reasonable variation with respect to the observed variations over 
the last five years. 

Goodwill - Turkey CGU 

The main significant assumptions used in the impairment test of the CGU of Turkey are: 

Impairment test assumptions CGU goodwill in Turkey 

Discount rate 

Sustainable growth rate 

2019 

2018 

2017 

17.4% 

7.0% 

24.3% 

7.0% 

18.0% 

7.0% 

Given the potential growth of the sector in Turkey, in accordance with paragraph 33.c of IAS 36, as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 the 
Group used a steady growth rate of 7.0% based on the real GDP growth rate of Turkey and expected inflation.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.116 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The assumptions with a greater relative weight and whose volatility could affect more in determining the present value of the cash flows starting 
on the fifth year are the discount rate and the sustainable growth rate. Below is shown the increased (or decreased) amount of the recoverable 
amount as a result of a reasonable variation (in basis points) of each of the key assumptions as of December 31, 2019: 

Sensitivity analysis for main assumptions - Turkey (Millions of euros) 

Discount rate 

Sustainable growth rate 

Goodwill - Other CGUs 

Impact of an increase of 50 basis 
points  

Impact of a decrease of 50 basis 
points  

(192) 

31 

212 

(28) 

The sensitivity analysis on the main hypotheses carried out for the rest of the CGUs of the Group indicate that their value in use would continue 
to exceed their book value. 

18.2 Other intangible assets  

The breakdown of the balance and changes of this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, according to the nature of the 
related items, is as follows: 

Other intangible assets (Millions of Euros) 

Computer software acquisition expense 

Other intangible assets with an infinite useful life 

Other intangible assets with a definite useful life 

Total 

The changes of this heading in December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, are as follows: 

2019 

1,598 

11 

401 

2,010 

2018 

1,605 

11 

518 

2,134 

2017 

1,682 

12 

708 

2,402 

Other intangible assets (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions 

Amortization in the year 

Exchange differences and other  

Impairment 

Balance at the end 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

45 

48 

2,134 

533 

(620) 

(25) 

(12) 

2,010 

2,402 

552 

(614) 

(123) 

(83) 

2,134 

2,849 

564 

(694) 

(305) 

(12) 

2,402 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the cost of fully amortized intangible assets that remained in use were €2,702 million, €2,412 million, 
and €1,969 million respectively, while their recoverable value was not significant. 

 
 
              
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.117 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

19. 

Tax assets and liabilities 

19.1 

Consolidated tax group 

Pursuant to current legislation, BBVA consolidated tax group in Spain includes the Bank (as the parent company) and its Spanish subsidiaries 
that  meet  the  requirements  provided  for  under  Spanish  legislation  regulating  the  taxation  regime  for  the  consolidated  profit  of  corporate 
groups. 

The Group’s non-Spanish banks and subsidiaries file tax returns in accordance with the tax legislation in force in each country. 

19.2  Years open for review by the tax authorities 

The years open to review in the BBVA consolidated tax group in Spain as of December 31, 2019 are 2014 and subsequent years for the main 
taxes applicable. 

The remainder of the Spanish consolidated entities in general have the last four years open for inspection by the tax authorities for the main 
taxes applicable, except for those in which there has been an interruption of the limitation period due to the start of an inspection. 

In the year 2017 as a consequence of the tax authorities examination reviews, inspections were initiated through the year 2013 inclusive, and 
all  such  years  closed  with  acceptance  during  the  year  2017.  These  inspections  did  not  result  in  any  material  amount  to  record  in  the 
Consolidated Annual accounts as their impact was previously provisioned for. 

In view of the varying interpretations that can be made of some applicable tax legislation, the outcome of the tax inspections of the open years 
that may be conducted by the tax authorities in the future may give rise to contingent tax liabilities which cannot be reasonably estimated at 
the present time. However, the Group considers that the possibility of these contingent liabilities becoming actual liabilities is remote and, in 
any case, the tax charge which might arise therefore would not materially affect the Group’s accompanying consolidated financial statements. 

19.3  Reconciliation 

The reconciliation of the Group’s corporate income tax expense resulting from the application of the Spanish corporation income tax rate and 
the income tax expense recognized in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Reconciliation of taxation at the Spanish corporation tax rate to the tax expense recorded for the year   (Millions of Euros) 

Profit or (-) loss before tax 
From continuing operations 
From discontinued operations 

Taxation at Spanish corporation tax rate 30% 

Lower effective tax rate from foreign entities  (*) 

Mexico  
Chile  
Colombia  
Peru  
Turkey 
Others 

Revenues with lower tax rate (dividends/capital gains) 
Equity accounted earnings 
Other effects (**) 

Income tax 

Of which: Continuing operations 
Of which: Discontinued operations 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Amount 

Effective 
tax  
% 

Amount 

Effective 
tax  
% 

Amount 

Effective 
tax  
% 

6,398 
6,398 
- 

1,920 

(381) 
(112) 
(2) 
6 
(12) 
(86) 
(175) 
(49) 
18 
545 

2,053 
2,053 
- 

27% 
27% 
32% 
28% 
23% 

8,446 
8,446 
- 

2,534 

(234) 
(78) 
(18) 
10 
(12) 
(132) 
(4) 
(57) 
3 
(27) 

2,219 
2,219 
- 

28% 
21% 
33% 
28% 
20% 

6,931 
6,931 
- 

2,079 

(307) 
(100) 
(29) 
(3) 
(16) 
(182) 
23 
(53) 
(2) 
457 

2,174 
2,174 
- 

27% 
21% 
29% 
27% 
21% 

 (*) 

Calculated by applying the difference between the tax rate in force in Spain and the one applied to the Group’s earnings in each jurisdiction. 

(**)        The amount of 2019 is generated as a result of the impact of the impairment of goodwill in The United States' CGU (see Note 18.1). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.118 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The effective income tax rate for the Group in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Effective tax rate (Millions of Euros) 

Income from: 
Consolidated tax group in Spain 
Other Spanish entities 
Foreign entities 

Gains (losses) before taxes from continuing operations 
Tax expense or income related to profit or loss from continuing operations 
Effective tax rate 

2019 

2018 

2017 

(718) 
7 
7,109 

6,398 
2,053 
32.1% 

1,482 
33 
6,931 

8,446 
2,219 
26.3% 

(678) 
29 
7,580 

6,931 
2,174 
31.4% 

In the year 2019, in the main countries in which the Group has presence, there has been no changes in the nominal tax rate on corporate income 
tax except for Colombia, where the applicable tax rate is 33% compared to the initially forecasted 37%. In the year 2018, the changes in the 
nominal tax rate on corporate income tax, in comparison with those existing in the previous years, in the main countries in which the Group 
has a presence, have been in the United States (federal tax from 35% to 21%), Turkey (from 20% to 22%), Argentina (from 35% to 30%), 
Chile (from 25.5% to 27%) and Colombia (from 40% to 37%). 

19.4 

Income tax recognized in equity 

In  addition  to  the  income  tax  expense  recognized  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income  statements,  the  Group  has  recognized  the 
following income tax charges for these items in the consolidated total equity: 

Tax recognized in total equity (Millions of Euros) 

Charges to total equity 
Debt securities and others 
Equity instruments 
Subtotal 
Total 

19.5  Current and deferred taxes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

(130) 
(40) 
(170) 
(170) 

(87) 
(56) 
(143) 
(143) 

(355) 
(74) 
(429) 
(429) 

The balance under the heading "Tax assets" in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets includes current and deferred tax assets. The 
balance under the “Tax liabilities” heading includes the Group’s various current and deferred tax liabilities. The details of the mentioned tax 
assets and liabilities are as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.119 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Tax assets and liabilities (Millions of Euros) 

Tax assets 
Current tax assets 
Deferred tax assets  

Pensions 
Financial Instruments 
Other assets (investments in subsidiaries) 
Loss allowances  
Other 
Secured tax assets (*) 
Tax losses 

Total 
Tax liabilities 
Current tax liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities 

Financial Instruments 
Other 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

1,765 
15,318 

456 
1,386 
204 
1,636 
841 
9,363 
1,432 

2,784 
15,316 

405 
1,401 
302 
1,375 
990 
9,363 
1,480 

2,163 
14,725 

395 
1,453 
357 
1,005 
870 
9,433 
1,212 

17,083 

18,100 

16,888 

880 
1,928 

1,014 
914 

2,808 

1,230 
2,046 

1,136 
910 

3,276 

1,114 
2,184 

1,427 
757 

3,298 

(*)   Law guaranteeing the deferred tax assets has been approved in Spain in 2013. In 2017 guaranteed deferred tax assets also existed in Portugal but in year 2018 they lost the 

guarantee due to the merge between BBVA Portugal S.A. and BBVA, S.A. 

The most significant variations of the deferred assets and liabilities in the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 derived from the followings causes: 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities. Annual variations (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Pensions 
Financials instruments 
Other assets 
Loss allowances 
Others 
Guaranteed tax assets 
Tax losses 
Balance at the end 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Deferred 
assets 

Deferred 
liabilities 

Deferred 
assets 

Deferred 
liabilities 

Deferred 
assets 

Deferred 
liabilities 

15,316 
51 
(15) 
(98) 
261 
(149) 
- 
(48) 
15,318 

2,046 
- 
(122) 
- 
- 
4 
- 
- 
1,928 

14,725 
10 
(52) 
(55) 
370 
120 
(70) 
268 
15,316 

2,184 
- 
(291) 
- 
- 
153 
- 
- 
2,046 

16,391 
(795) 
82 
(305) 
(385) 
(366) 
2 
101 
14,725 

3,392 
- 
(367) 
- 
- 
(841) 
- 
- 
2,184 

With respect to the changes in assets and liabilities due to deferred tax in 2019 contained in the above table, the following should be pointed 
out: 

Secured tax assets maintain the same balance as in the previous year. 

The  decrease  in  tax  losses  occurs  as  a  result  of  the  review  of  the  balance  of  booked  deferred  taxes  carried  out  on  every 
accounting closing. 

The evolution of the deferred tax assets and liabilities (without taking into consideration the secured deferred tax asset and the 
tax losses) in net terms is a decrease of €168 million mainly due to the variations in the valuation of portfolio securities and to 
the operation of the corporate income tax in which differences between accounting and taxation produce movements in the 
deferred taxes. 

On the deferred tax assets and liabilities contained in the table above, those included in section 19.4 above have been recognized against the 
entity's equity, and the rest against earnings for the year or reserves. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the estimated amount of temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, joint 
ventures and associates, which were not recognized deferred tax liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, amounted to 
473 million euros, 443 million euros and 376 million euros, respectively. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.120 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Of the deferred tax assets contained in the above table, the detail of the items and amounts guaranteed by the Spanish government, broken 
down by the items that originated those assets is as follows: 

Secured tax assets (Millions of Euros) 

Pensions 
Loss allowances 
Total 

(*) 

In 2017 guaranteed deferred tax assets also existed in Portugal but in 2018 they lost the guarantee. 

2019 
1,924 
7,439 
9,363 

2018 
1,924 
7,439 
9,363 

2017 (*) 
1,947 
7,486 
9,433 

As of December 31, 2019, non-guaranteed net deferred tax assets of the above table amounted to €4,027 million (€3,907 and €3,108 million 
as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 respectively), which broken down by major geographies is as follows:  

Spain: Net deferred tax assets recognized in Spain totaled €2,447 million as of December 31, 2019 (€2,653 and €2,052 million 
as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively). €1,420 million of the figure recorded in the year ended December 31, 2019 for 
net deferred tax assets related to tax credits and tax loss carry forwards and €1,027 million relate to temporary differences.  

  Mexico: Net deferred tax assets recognized in Mexico amounted to €1,083 million as of December 31, 2019 (€826 and €615 
million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively). Practically all of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2019 relate to 
temporary differences. The remainders are tax credits carry forwards. 

South America: Net deferred tax assets recognized in South America amounted to €84 million as of December 31, 2019 (€0.4 
and €26 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively). Practically all the deferred tax assets are related to temporary 
differences. 

The United States: Net deferred tax assets recognized in the United States amounted to 122 million as of December 31, 2019 
(€164 and €180 as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively). All the deferred tax assets relate to temporary differences. 

Turkey: Net deferred tax assets recognized in Turkey amounted to €278 million as of December 31, 2019 (€250 and €224 
million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 respectively). As of December 31, 2019, all the deferred tax assets correspond to €10 
million of tax credits related to tax losses carry forwards and deductions and €268 million relate to temporary differences. 

Based on the information available as of December 31, 2019, including historical levels of benefits and projected results available to the Group 
for  the  coming  15  years,  it  is  considered  that  sufficient  taxable  income  will  be  generated  for  the  recovery  of  above  mentioned  unsecured 
deferred tax assets when they become deductible according to the tax laws. 

On the other hand, the Group has not recognized certain deductible temporary differences, negative tax bases and deductions for which, in 
general, there is no legal period for offsetting, amounting to approximately € 2,207 million euros, which are mainly originated by Catalunya 
Banc. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.121
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

20.

Other assets and liabilities

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Other assets and liabilities: (Millions of Euros) 

Assets 

Inventories 

Of which:  Real estate 

Transactions in progress 

Accruals 

Prepaid expense 

Other prepayments and accrued income 

Other items 

Total other assets 

Liabilities 

Transactions in progress 

Accruals 

Accrued expense 

Other accrued expense and deferred income 

Other items 

Total other liabilities 

2019 

2018 

2017 

581 

579 

138 

804 

573 

231 

2,277 

3,800 

39 

2,456 

2,064 

392 

1,247 

3,742 

635 

633 

249 

702 

465 

237 

3,886 

5,472 

39 

2,558 

2,119 

439 

1,704 

4,301 

229 

226 

156 

768 

509 

259 

3,207 

4,359 

165 

2,490 

1,997 

493 

1,894 

4,550 

21.

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale

The composition of the balance under the heading “Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale” in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets, broken down by the origin of the assets, is as follows:  

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale. Breakdown by items (Millions of Euros) 

Foreclosures and recoveries (*) 

Foreclosures  
Recoveries from financial leases 

Assets from tangible assets 
Business sale - Assets (**) 
Accrued amortization (***) 
Impairment losses  

Total non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for 
sale 

2019 

1,647 
1,553 
94 
310 
1,716 
(51) 
(543) 

2018 

2,211 
2,135 
76 
433 
29 
(44) 
(628) 

2017 

6,207 
6,047 
160 
447 
18,623 
(77) 
(1,348) 

3,079 

2,001 

23,853 

 (*) 

(**) 

Corresponds mainly to the agreement with Cerberus to transfer the "Real Estate" business in Spain in 2018 (see Note 3). 

The 2019 balance corresponds mainly to the BBVA´s stake in BBVA Paraguay and 2017 balance corresponds mainly to the BBVA´s stake in BBVA Chile sold in 2018 (see 
Note 3). 

(***)  Amortization accumulated until related asset reclassified as “non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale”. 

The changes in the balances of “Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale” in 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows: 

P.122 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale. Changes in the year 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Foreclosed assets 

Notes 

Foreclosed assets 
through auction 
proceeding 

Recovered assets 
from financial leases 

From own use 
assets  
(*) 

Other assets 
(**) 

Total 

Cost  (1) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 
Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Transfers, other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Impairment  (2) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 

Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Balance at the end of net carrying value (1)-(2) 

50 

2,135 

597 

2 
(967) 

(214) 

1,553 

482 

66 

- 

(160) 

(5) 

383 

1,170 

76 

68 

- 
(56) 

7 

95 

22 

6 

- 

(4) 

4 

28 

67 

389 

10 

- 
(206) 

65 

258 

124 

5 

- 

(22) 

25 

132 

126 

29 

1,676 

- 
- 

11 

1,716 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,629 

2,351 

2 
(1,229) 

(131) 

3,622 

628 

77 

- 

(186) 

24 

543 

1,716 

3,079 

(*) 

Net of amortization accumulated until assets were reclassified as non-current assets classified as held for sale. 

(** ) 

The variation corresponds mainly to the agreement of the sale of BBVA Paraguay (see Note 3). 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale. Changes in the year 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Cost  (1) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 
Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Transfers, other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Impairment  (2) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 

Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Balance at the end of net carrying value (1)-(2) 

Foreclosed assets 

Notes 

Foreclosed 
assets through 
auction 
proceeding 

Recovered 
assets from 
financial leases 

From own use 
assets  
(*) 

Other assets (**) 

Total 

6,047 

637 

- 
(4,354) 

(195) 

2,135 

1,102 

195 

- 

(793) 

(22) 

482 

1,653 

160 

55 

- 
(135) 

(4) 

76 

52 

11 

- 

(37) 

(4) 

22 

54 

371 

4 

- 
(227) 

241 

389 

194 

2 

- 

(101) 

29 

124 

265 

18,623 

- 

- 
(18,594) 

- 

29 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

29 

25,201 

696 

- 
(23,310) 

42 

2,629 

1,348 

208 

- 

(931) 

3 

628 

2,001 

50 

(*) 

Net of amortization accumulated until assets were reclassified as non-current assets classified as held for sale. 

(** ) 

The variation corresponds mainly to the BBVA’s stake in BBVA Chile and the agreement with Cerberus to transfer the "Real Estate" business in Spain (see Note 3). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.123 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale. Changes in the year 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Cost (1) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 

Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Transfers, other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Impairment (2) 

Balance at the beginning 

Additions  

Contributions from merger transactions 

Retirements (sales and other decreases) 

Other movements and exchange differences 

Balance at the end 

Balance at the end of net carrying value (1)-(2) 

Foreclosed assets 

Notes 

Foreclosed assets 
through auction 
proceeding 

Recovered assets 
from financial 
leases 

From own use 
assets  
(*) 

Other assets 
(**) 

Total 

4,057 

791 

- 

(1,037) 

2,236 

6,047 

1,237 

143 

- 

(272) 

(6) 

1,102 

4,945 

168 

45 

- 

(49) 

(4) 

160 

47 

14 

- 

(7) 

(2) 

52 

108 

1,065 

1 

- 

(131) 

(564) 

371 

443 

1 

- 

(42) 

(208) 

194  - 

177 

40 

- 

- 

- 

18,583 

18,623 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

18,623 

5,330 

837 

- 

(1,217) 

20,251 

25,201 

1,727 

158 

- 

(321) 

(216) 

1,348 

23,853 

50 

(*) 

Net of amortization accumulated until assets were reclassified as non-current assets classified as held for sale. 

(** ) 

 The variation corresponds mainly to the BBVA’s stake in BBVA Chile and the agreement with Cerberus to transfer the "Real Estate" business in Spain (see Note 3). 

As indicated in Note 2.2.4, “Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale” and “Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held 
for sale” are valued at the lower amount between its fair value less costs to sell and its book value. As of December 31, 2019, practically all of 
the carrying amount of the assets recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis coincides with their fair value. 

Assets from foreclosures or recoveries 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, assets from foreclosures and recoveries, net of impairment losses, by nature of the asset, amounted 
to €871, €1,072 and €1,924 million in assets for residential use; €259, €182 and €491 million in assets for tertiary use (industrial, commercial 
or office) and €28 €19 and €29 million in assets for agricultural use, respectively. 

In December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the average sale time of assets from foreclosures or recoveries was between 2 and 3 years. 

During the years 2019, 2018 and 2017, some of the sale transactions for these assets were financed by Group companies. The amount of loans 
to buyers of these assets in those years amounted to €79, €82 and €207 million, respectively; with an average financing of 27.5% of the sales 
price during 2019. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the amount of the profits arising from the sale of Group companies financed assets - and therefore 
not recognized in the consolidated income statement - amounted to €1 million in each financial year. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.124 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

22. 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

22.1  Breakdown of the balance 

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost (Millions of Euros) 

Deposits 

Deposits from central banks 

Demand deposits 

Time deposits 

Repurchase agreements 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Demand deposits 

Time deposits 

Repurchase agreements 

Customer deposits 

Demand deposits 

Time deposits 

Repurchase agreements 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

Total  

2019 

438,919 

25,950 

23 

25,101 

826 

28,751 

7,161 

18,896 

2,693 

384,219 

280,391 

103,293 

535 

63,963 

13,758 

516,641 

2018 

435,229 

27,281 

20 

26,885 

375 

31,978 

8,370 

19,015 

4,593 

375,970 

260,573 

114,188 

1,209 

61,112 

12,844 

509,185 

2017 

467,949 

37,054 

2,588 

28,311 

6,155 

54,516 

3,731 

25,941 

24,843 

376,379 

240,583 

126,716 

9,079 

63,915 

11,850 

543,713 

22.2  Deposits from credit institutions 

The  breakdown  by  geographical  area  and  the  nature  of  the  related  instruments  of  this  heading  in  the  accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Deposits from credit institutions. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Europe 

Rest of the world 

Total  

Demand deposits  

Time deposits & 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

2,104 

2,082 

432 

302 

394 

1,652 

194 

7,161 

1,113 

4,295 

1,033 

617 

2,285 

5,180 

4,374 

18,896 

1 

- 

168 

4 

161 

2,358 

- 

2,693 

Total 

3,218 

6,377 

1,634 

924 

2,840 

9,190 

4,568 

28,751 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting €195 million. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.125 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Deposits from credit institutions. December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Europe 

Rest of the world 

Total  

Demand deposits  

Time deposits & 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

1,981 

1,701 

280 

651 

442 

3,108 

207 

8,370 

2,527 

2,677 

286 

669 

1,892 

6,903 

4,061 

19,015 

55 

- 

- 

4 

- 

4,534 

- 

4,593 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting €191 million. 

Deposits from credit institutions. December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Europe 

Rest of the world 

Total  

Demand deposits 

Time deposits & 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

762 

1,563 

282 

73 

448 

526 

77 

3,731 

3,879 

2,398 

330 

836 

2,538 

12,592 

3,369 

25,941 

878 

- 

1,817 

44 

13 

21,732 

360 

24,843 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting €233 million. 

22.3  Customer deposits 

Total 

4,563 

4,379 

566 

1,323 

2,335 

14,545 

4,268 

31,978 

Total 

5,518 

3,961 

2,429 

953 

2,999 

34,849 

3,806 

54,516 

The breakdown by geographical area of this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, by type of instrument 
is as follows: 

Customer deposits. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Europe 

Rest of the world 

Total  

Demand deposits 

Time deposits & 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

146,651 

46,372 

43,326 

13,775 

22,748 

6,610 

909 

24,958 

19,810 

12,714 

22,257 

13,913 

8,749 

892 

2 

- 

523 

10 

- 

- 

- 

Total 

171,611 

66,181 

56,564 

36,042 

36,661 

15,360 

1,801 

280,391 

103,293 

535 

384,219 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting to €189 million. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.126 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Customer deposits. December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Demand deposits 

Time deposits and 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

Total 

Spain 
The United States 
Mexico 
Turkey 
South America 
Rest of Europe 
Rest of the world 

Total  

138,236 
41,222 
38,383 
10,856 
23,811 
7,233 
831 

260,573 

28,165 
21,317 
11,837 
22,564 
14,159 
14,415 
1,731 

114,188 

3 
- 
770 
7 
- 
429 
- 

1,209 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting to €220 million. 

Customer deposits. December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Europe 

Rest of the world 

Total  

Demand 
deposits 

Time deposits & 
other (*) 

Repurchase 
agreements 

123,382 

36,728 

36,492 

12,427 

23,710 

6,816 

1,028 

39,513 

21,436 

11,622 

24,237 

15,053 

13,372 

1,484 

240,583 

126,716 

2,664 

- 

4,272 

152 

2 

1,989 

- 

9,079 

(*)      Subordinated deposits are included amounting to €194 million. 

22.4  Debt certificates  

The breakdown of the balance under this heading, by financial instruments and by currency, is as follows: 

166,403 
62,539 
50,991 
33,427 
37,970 
22,077 
2,563 

375,970 

Total 

165,559 

58,164 

52,387 

36,815 

38,764 

22,177 

2,511 

376,379 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.127 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Debt certificates (Millions of Euros) 

In Euros 

Promissory bills and notes 

Non-convertible bonds and debentures 

Covered bonds (*) 

Hybrid financial instruments 

Securitization bonds 

Wholesale funding 

Subordinated liabilities 

Convertible perpetual certificates 

Convertible subordinated debt 

Non-convertible preferred stock 

Other non-convertible subordinated liabilities 

In foreign currencies 

Promissory bills and notes 

Non-convertible bonds and debentures 

Covered bonds (*) 

Hybrid financial instruments 

Securitization bonds 

Wholesale funding 

Subordinated liabilities 

Convertible perpetual certificates 

Convertible subordinated debt 

Non-convertible preferred stock 

Other non-convertible subordinated liabilities 

  Total 

 (*) Including mortgage-covered bonds (see Appendix X). 

2019 

40,185 

737 

12,248 

15,542 

518 

1,354 

1,817 

7,968 

5,000 

- 

83 

2,885 

23,778 

1,210 

10,587 

362 

1,156 

17 

780 

9,666 

1,782 

- 

76 

7,808 

63,963 

2018 

37,436 

267 

9,638 

15,809 

814 

1,630 

142 

9,136 

5,490 

- 

107 

3,540 

23,676 

3,237 

9,335 

569 

1,455 

38 

544 

8,499 

873 

- 

74 

7,552 

61,112 

2017 

38,735 

1,309 

9,418 

16,425 

807 

2,295 

- 

8,481 

4,500 

- 

107 

3,875 

25,180 

3,157 

11,109 

650 

1,809 

47 

- 

8,407 

2,085 

- 

55 

6,268 

63,915 

As of December 31, 2019, 71% of “Debt certificates” have fixed-interest rates and 29% have variable interest rates. 

Most of the foreign currency issues are denominated in U.S. dollars. 

22.4.1. Subordinated liabilities 

The breakdown of this heading, is as follows: 

Memorandum item: Subordinated liabilities at amortized cost  

Subordinated deposits 

Subordinated certificates  

Preferred stock 

Compound convertible financial instruments  

Other non-convertible subordinated liabilities (*) 

2019 

384 

17,635 

159 

6,782 

10,693 

2018 

411 

17,635 

181 

6,363 

11,092 

Total 
(*) The €40 million subordinated issuances of BBVA Paraguay as of December 2019 are recorded in the heading "Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale".  

18,018 

18,047 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.128 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The issuances of BBVA International Preferred, S.A.U., BBVA Global Finance, Ltd., Caixa Terrassa Societat de Participacions Preferents, S.A.U. 
and CaixaSabadell Preferents, S.A.U., are jointly, severally and irrevocably guaranteed by the Bank. The balance variances are mainly due to 
the following transactions: 

Convertible perpetual liabilities   

The AGM held on March 17, 2017, resolved, under agenda item five, to confer authority to the Board of Directors to issue securities convertible 
into newly issued BBVA shares, on one or several occasions, within the maximum term of five years to be counted from the approval date of 
the authorization, up to a maximum overall amount of €8 billion or its equivalent in any other currency. Likewise, the AGM resolved to confer 
to the Board of Directors the authority to totally or partially exclude shareholders’ pre-emptive subscription rights within the framework of a 
specific issue of convertible securities, although this power was limited to ensure the nominal amount of the capital increases resolved or 
effectively carried out to cover the conversion of mandatory convertible issuances made under this authority (without prejudice to anti-dilution 
adjustments), with exclusion of pre-emptive subscription rights and of those likewise resolved or carried out with exclusion of pre-emptive 
subscription rights in use of the authority to increase the share capital conferred by the AGM held on March 17, 2017, under agenda item four, 
do not exceed the maximum nominal amount, overall, of 20% of the share capital of BBVA at the time of the authorization, this limit not being 
applicable to contingent convertible issues. 

Under that delegation, BBVA made the following issuances that qualify as additional tier 1 capital of the Bank and the Group in accordance with 
Regulation (EU) 575/2013: 

In  May  and  November  2017,  BBVA  carried  out  both  issuances  of  perpetual  contingent  convertible  securities  (additional  tier  1 
instrument),  with  exclusion  of  pre-emptive  subscription  rights  of  shareholders,  for  a  total  nominal  amount  of  €500  million  and 
$1,000 million, respectively. These issuances are listed in the Global Exchange Market of Euronext Dublin and were targeted only at 
qualified investors and foreign private banking clients, not being offered to, and not being subscribed for, in Spain or by Spanish 
residents.  

In September 2018 and March 2019, BBVA carried out both issuances of perpetual contingent convertible securities (additional tier 
1 instrument), with exclusion of pre-emptive subscription rights of shareholders, for a total nominal amount of €1,000 million each. 
These issuances are listed in the AIAF Fixed Income Securities Market and were targeted only at professional clients and eligible 
counterparties, and not being offered or sold to any retail clients.  

On September 5, 2019, BBVA carried out an issuance of perpetual contingent convertible securities (additional tier 1 instrument), 
with exclusion of pre-emptive subscription rights of shareholders, for a total nominal amount of $1,000 million. This issuance is listed 
in the Global Exchange Market of Euronext Dublin and was targeted only at qualified investors, not being offered to, and not being 
subscribed for, in Spain or by Spanish residents.  

Additionally, other issuances: 

The additional issuances of perpetual contingent convertible securities (additional tier 1 instruments) with exclusion of pre-emptive 
subscription rights of shareholders were carried out, by virtue of other delegations conferred by the AGM, in February 2015 for an 
amount of €1.5 billion and in April 2016 for an amount of €1 billion. These issuances were targeted only at qualified investors and 
foreign private banking clients not being offered to, and not being subscribed for, in Spain or by Spanish residents. These issuances 
are listed  in the Global Exchange Market of Euronext Dublin and  qualify as additional tier 1 capital of the Bank and the Group  in 
accordance with Regulation (EU) 575/2013.  

These perpetual securities will be converted into newly issued ordinary shares of BBVA if the CET 1 ratio of the Bank or the Group is less than 
5.125%, in accordance with their respective terms and conditions. 

These issues may be fully redeemed at BBVA´s option only in the cases contemplated in their respective terms and conditions, and in any 
case, in accordance with the provisions of the applicable legislation. In particular: 

On May 9, 2018, the Bank early redeemed the issuance of preferred securities contingently convertible (additional tier 1 instrument) 
carried out by the Bank on May 9, 2013, for an amount of USD1.5 billion on the First Reset Date of the issuance and once the prior 
consent from the Regulator was obtained.  

On  February  19,  2019  the  Bank  early  redeemed  the  issuance  of  preferred  securities  contingently  convertible  (additional  tier  1 
instrument), carried out by the Bank on February 19, 2014, for a total amount of €1,5 billion and once the prior consent from the 
Regulator has been obtained. 

Additionally,  on  December  23,  2019,  the  Bank  has  notified  its  irrevocable  decision  to  early  redeem  next  February  18,  2020  the 
issuance of preferred securities contingently convertible (additional tier 1 instrument), carried out by the Bank on February 18, 2015, 
for a total amount of €1,5 billion and once the prior consent from the Regulator has been obtained. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.129 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

 Preferred securities 

The breakdown by issuer of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Preferred securities by issuer (Millions of Euros) 

BBVA International Preferred, S.A.U. (1) 

Unnim Group (2) 

BBVA USA 
BBVA Colombia 
Other 

Total 
(1) Listed on the London stock exchange. 
(2) Unnim Group: Issuances prior to the acquisition by BBVA. 

2019 

2018 

37 

83 

19 
20 
- 

159 

35 

98 

19 
19 
9 

181 

2017 

36 

98 

19 
1 
9 

163 

These issuances were fully subscribed at the moment of the issue by qualified/institutional investors outside the Group and are redeemable, 
totally or partially, at the issuer’s option after five years from the issue date, depending on the terms of each issuance and with the prior consent 
from the Bank of Spain or the relevant authority. 

Redemption of preferred securities 

BBVA International Preferred, S.A.U. carried out the early redemption in full of  its Series B preferred securities on March 20, 2017, for an 
outstanding amount of €164,350,000; on March 22, 2017, the early redemption in full of its Series A preferred securities for an outstanding 
amount of €85,550,000; and on April 18, 2017 the early redemption in full of its Series C preferred securities for an outstanding amount of 
USD 600,000,000, once the prior consent was obtained. 

22.5  Other financial liabilities 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Other financial liabilities (Millions of Euros) 

Lease liabilities (*) 
Creditors for other financial liabilities 
Collection accounts 
Creditors for other payment obligations 

Total 
(*) Lease liabilities are recognized after the implementation of IFRS 16 (see Note 2.1). 

2019 

3,335  
2,623 
3,306 
4,494 

13,758 

2018 

2017 

2,891 
4,305 
5,648 

12,844 

2,835 
3,452 
5,563 

11,850 

A breakdown of the maturity of the lease liabilities, due after December 31, 2019 is provided below: 

Maturity of future payment obligations (Millions of Euros) 

Leases 

Up to 1 
year 

1 to 3 years 

3 to 5 
years 

Over 5 
years 

Total 

269 

500 

535 

2,031 

3,335 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.130 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

23. 

Assets and liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts 

The  Group  has  insurance  subsidiaries  mainly  in  Spain  and  Latin  America  (mostly  in  Mexico).  The  main  product  offered  by  the  insurance 
subsidiaries  is  life  insurance  to  cover  the  risk  of  death  (risk  insurance)  and  life-savings  insurance.  Within  life  and  accident  insurance,  a 
distinction is made between freely sold products and those offered to customers who have taken mortgage or consumer loans, which cover 
the principal of those loans in the event of the customer’s death. 

There are two types of savings products: individual insurance, which seeks to provide the customer with savings for retirement or other events, 
and group insurance, which is taken out by employers to cover their commitments to their employees. 

The insurance business is affected by different risks, including those that are related to the BBVA Group such as credit risk, market risk, liquidity 
risk and operational risk and the methodology for risk measurement applied in the insurance activity is similar (see Note 7 and Management 
Report  -  Risk),  although  it  has  a  differentiated  management  due  to  the  particular  characteristics  of  the  insurance  business,  such  as  the 
coverage of contracted obligations and the long term of the commitments. Additionally, the insurance business generates certain specific 
risks, of a probabilistic nature:  

Technical risk: arises from deviations in the estimation of the casualty rate of insurances, either in terms of numbers, the amount of 
such claims and the timing of its occurrence. 

Biometric risk: depending on the deviations in the expected mortality behavior or the survival of the insured persons. 

The insurance industry is highly regulated in each country. In this regard, it should be noted that the insurance industry is undergoing a gradual 
regulatory transformation through new risk-based capital regulations, which have already been published in several countries. 

The heading “Assets under reinsurance and insurance contracts” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets includes the amounts that 
the consolidated insurance entities are entitled to receive under the reinsurance contracts entered into by them with third parties and, more 
specifically, the share of the reinsurer in the technical provisions recognized by the consolidated insurance subsidiaries. As of December 31, 
2019, 2018 and 2017, the balance under this heading amounted to €341, €366 million and €421 million respectively. 

The most significant provisions recognized by consolidated insurance subsidiaries with respect to insurance policies issued by them are under 
the heading “Liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.  

The breakdown of the balance under this heading is as follows:  

Technical reserves (Millions of Euros) 

Mathematical reserves 
Individual life insurance  (1) 

Savings 
Risk 

Group insurance (2) 
Savings 
Risk 

Provision for unpaid claims reported 
Provisions for unexpired risks and other provisions 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

9,247 
6,731 
5,906 
825 
2,517 
2,334 
182 
641 
718 

10,606 

8,504 
6,201 
5,180 
1,021 
2,303 
2,210 
93 
662 
668 

9,834 

7,961 
5,359 
4,392 
967 
2,601 
2,455 
147 
631 
631 

9,223 

(1) 

(2) 

Provides coverage in the event of death or disability. 

The insurance policies purchased by employers (other than BBVA Group) on behalf of its employees 

The cash flows of those “Liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts” are shown below:  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.131 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Maturity (Millions of euros). Liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Up to 1 year 

1 to 3 years 

3 to 5 years 

Over 5 years 

1,571 

1,686 

1,560 

1,197 

1,041 

1,119 

1,806 

1,822 

1,502 

6,032 

5,285 

5,042 

Total 

10,606 

9,834 

9,223 

The modeling methods and techniques used to calculate the mathematical reserves for the insurance products are actuarial and financial 
methods and modeling techniques approved by the respective country’s insurance regulator or supervisor. The most important insurance 
entities are located in Spain and  Mexico (which together account  for approximately 85% of the insurance revenues), where the modeling 
methods and techniques are reviewed by the insurance regulator in Spain (General Directorate of Insurance) and Mexico (National Insurance 
and Bonding Commission), respectively. The modeling methods and techniques used to calculate the mathematical reserves for the insurance 
products are compliant with IFRS and primarily involve the valuation of the estimated future cash flows, discounted at the technical interest 
rate for each policy. To ensure this technical interest rate, asset-liability management is carried out, acquiring a portfolio of securities that 
generate the cash flows needed to cover the payment commitments assumed with the customers.  

The table below shows the key assumptions as of December 31, 2019, used in the calculation of the mathematical reserves for insurance 
products in Spain and Mexico, respectively: 

Mathematical reserves 

Mortality table 

Average technical interest type 

Spain 

Mexico 

Spain 

Mexico 

Individual life insurance (1) 

GRMF 80-2, GKMF 
80/95.  PASEM, PERMF 
2000 

Tables of the Comisión 
Nacional de Seguros y 
Fianzas 2000-individual 

0.25% -2.91% 

2.50% 

Group insurance(2) 

PERMF 2000 

Tables of the Comisión 
Nacional de Seguros y 
Fianzas 2000-grupo 

Depending on the related 
portfolio 

5.50% 

(1) 

(2) 

Provides coverage in the case of one or more of the following events: death and disability. 

Insurance policies purchased by companies (other than Group BBVA entities) on behalf of their employees. 

24. 

Provisions 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, based on type of provisions, is as follows: 

Provisions. Breakdown by concepts (Millions of Euros) 

Provisions for pensions and similar obligations 

Other long term employee benefits 

Provisions for taxes and other legal contingencies 

Provisions for contingent risks and commitments 

Other provisions (*) 

Total 

Notes 

25  

25  

2019 

4,631 

61 

677 

711 

457 

6,538 

2018 

4,787 

62 

686 

636 

601 

6,772 

2017 

5,407 

67 

756 

578 

669 

7,477 

(*) Individually insignificant provisions or contingencies, for various concepts in different geographies. 

The change in provisions for pensions and similar obligations for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.132 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Provisions for pensions and similar obligations. Changes over the year (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning  

Add 

Charges to income for the year  

Interest expense and similar charges 

Personnel expense 

Provision expense 

Charges to equity (1) 

Transfers and other changes 

Less 

Benefit payments 

Employer contributions 

Balance at the end 

Notes 

44.1 

25 

25 

25 

2019 

4,787 

330 

65 

50 

215 

329 

(32) 

(718) 

(65) 

4,631 

2018 

2017 

5,407 

6,025 

126 

78 

58 

(10) 

41 

95 

(779) 

(103) 

4,787 

391 

71 

62 

258 

140 

(264) 

(861) 

(25) 

5,407 

(1) 

Correspond  to  actuarial  losses  (gains)  arising  from  certain  defined-benefit  post-employment  pension  commitments  and  other  similar  benefits  recognized  in  “Equity”  (see  Note 
2.2.12). 

Provisions for taxes, legal contingencies and other provisions. Changes over the year (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at beginning  

Additions 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Unused amounts reversed during the year 
Amount used and other variations 

Balance at the end  

Ongoing legal proceedings and litigation 

2019 

1,286 

396 
- 
(96) 
(453) 

1,134 

2018 

1,425 

455 
- 
(184) 
(410) 

1,286 

2017 

2,028 

868 
- 
(164) 
(1,306) 

1,425 

The financial sector faces an environment of increasing regulatory and litigious pressure. In this environment, the different Group’s entities are 
often  parties  to  individual  or  collective  legal  proceedings  arising  from  the  ordinary  activity  of  their  businesses.  In  accordance  with  the 
procedural status of these proceedings and according to the criteria of the attorneys who manage them, BBVA considers that none of them is 
material, individually or in aggregate, and that no significant impact derives from them neither in the results of operations nor on liquidity, nor 
in the financial position at a consolidated level of the Group, as at the level of the standalone Bank. The Group Management considers that the 
provisions made in connection with these legal proceedings are adequate.  

As mentioned in Note 7.5 Legal risk factors, the Group is subject or may be subject in the future to a series of legal and regulatory investigations, 
procedures and actions which, in case of a negative result, could have an adverse impact on the business, the financial situation and the results 
of the Group. 

25. 

Post-employment and other employee benefit commitments 

As  stated  in  Note  2.2.12,  the  Group  has  assumed  commitments with  employees  including  short-term  employee  benefits  (see  Note  44.1), 
defined contribution and defined benefit plans (see Glossary), healthcare and other long-term employee benefits. 

The Group sponsors defined-contribution plans for the majority of its active employees with the plans in Spain and Mexico being the most 
significant. Most defined benefit plans are closed to new employees with liabilities relating largely to retired employees, the most significant 
being those in Spain, Mexico, the United States and Turkey. In Mexico, the Group provides medical benefits to a closed group of employees 
and their family members, both active service and in retirees. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.133
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The breakdown of the net defined benefit liability recorded on the balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is provided below: 

Net defined benefit liability (asset) on the consolidated balance sheet (Millions of Euros) 

Pension commitments 

Early retirement commitments 

Medical benefits commitments 

Other long term employee benefits 

Total commitments 

Pension plan assets 

Medical benefit plan assets 

Total plan assets (1) 

Total net liability / asset  

Of which: Net asset on the consolidated balance sheet  (2) 

Of which: +Net liability on the consolidated balance sheet  for provisions for pensions and 
similar obligations (3) 
Of which: Net liability on the consolidated balance sheet  for other long term employee benefits 
(4) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

5,050 

1,486 

1,580 

61 

8,177 

1,961 

1,532 

4,678 

1,793 

1,114 

62 

7,647 

1,694 

1,146 

4,969 

2,210 

1,204 

67 

8,451 

1,892 

1,114 

3,493 

2,840 

3,006 

4,684 

4,807 

(8) 

(41) 

5,445 

(27) 

4,631 

4,787 

5,407 

61 

62 

67 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

In Turkey, the foundation responsible for managing the benefit commitments holds an additional asset of €252 million as of December 31, 2019 which, in 
accordance with IFRS regarding the asset ceiling, has not been recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements, because although it could be used to 
reduce future pension contributions it could not be immediately refunded to the employer. 

Recorded under the heading “Other Assets - Other” of the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 20). 

Recorded under the heading “Provisions - Provisions for pensions and similar obligations” of the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 24). 

Recorded under the heading “Provisions – Other long-term employee benefits” of the consolidated balance sheet (see Note 24). 

The amounts relating to benefit commitments charged to consolidated income statement for the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows: 

Consolidated income statement impact (Millions of Euros) 

Interest and similar expense 

Interest expense 
Interest income 

Personnel expense 

Defined contribution plan expense 
Defined benefit plan expense 

Provisions (net) 

Early retirement expense 
Past service cost expense 

Remeasurements (*) 

Other provision expense 

Total impact on consolidated income statement: debit (credit) 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

44.1 
44.1 

46  

65 

307 
(242) 

163 

113 
50 

214 

190 
18 

7 

(2) 

441 

78 

295 
(217) 

147 

89 
58 

125 

141 
(33) 

(10) 

28 

350 

71 

294 
(223) 

149 

87 
62 

343 

227 
3 

31 

82 

563 

(*) 

Actuarial losses (gains) on remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability relating to early retirements in Spain and other long-term employee benefits 
that are charged to the income statements (see Note 2.2.12). 

The amounts relating to post-employment benefits charged to the consolidated balance sheet correspond to the actuarial gains (losses) on 
remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability relating to pension and medical commitments before income taxes. As of December 31, 
2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows: 

P.134 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Equity impact (Millions of Euros) 

Defined benefit plans 

Post-employment medical benefits 

Total impact on equity: debit (credit) 

25.1  Defined benefit plans 

2019 

2018 

2017 

254 

74 

329 

81 

(47) 

34 

(40) 

179 

140 

Defined benefit commitments relate mainly to employees who have already retired or taken early retirement, certain closed groups of active 
employees still accruing defined  benefit pensions, and in-service death and  disability benefits provided to most active employees. For the 
latter, the Group pays the required premiums to fully insure the related liability. The change in these pension commitments during the years 
ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is presented below: 

Defined benefits (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income/expense 
Contributions by plan 
participants 
Employer contributions 
Past service costs (1) 
Remeasurements: 
      Return on plan assets (2) 

From changes in demographic 
assumptions 
From changes in financial 
assumptions 
Other actuarial gain and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and 
disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign 
exchange rates 
Conversions to defined 
contributions 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 
Of which: Spain 
Of which: Mexico 
Of which: The United States 
Of which: Turkey 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

7,585 
53 
304 

4 

- 
210 
783 
- 

(15) 

688 

110 
(905) 
- 

- 

63 

- 

19 
8,116 
4,592 
2,231 
375 
444 

Plan 
assets 

2,839 
- 
242 

4 

65 
- 
454 
454 

- 

- 

- 
(187) 
- 

- 

69 

- 

6 
3,493 
266 
2,124 
323 
359 

Net 
liability 
(asset) 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

Plan 
assets 

Net liability 
(asset) 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

Plan 
assets 

Net liability 
(asset) 

4,746 
53 
62 

- 

(65) 
210 
329 
(454) 

(15) 

688 

110 
(718) 
- 

- 

(6) 

- 

13 
4,623 
4,326 
107 
52 
86 

8,384 
61 
292 

4 

- 
109 
(263) 
- 

14 

(274) 

(3) 
(979) 
- 

- 

(31) 

- 

10 
7,585 
4,807 
1,615 
326 
422 

3,006 
- 
217 

3 

103 
- 
(286) 
(286) 

- 

- 

- 
(200) 
- 

- 

(9) 

- 

6 
2,840 
260 
1,587 
287 
339 

5,378 
61 
76 

1 

(103) 
109 
21 
286 

14 

(274) 

(3) 
(779) 
- 

- 

8,851 
64 
290 

3,022 
- 
223 

4 

- 
231 
331 
- 

100 

220 

12 
(1,029) 
- 

- 

4 

25 
- 
161 
161 

- 

- 

- 
(169) 
- 

- 

(22) 

(278) 

(258) 

- 

4 
4,745 
4,547 
28 
39 
83 

(82) 

(1) 
8,384 
5,442 
1,661 
360 
520 

- 

(1) 
3,006 
320 
1,602 
309 
424 

5,829 
64 
68 

- 

(25) 
231 
171 
(161) 

100 

220 

12 
(861) 
- 

- 

(19) 

(82) 

- 
5,378 
5,122 
60 
51 
96 

(1) 

(2) 

Including gains and losses arising from settlements. 

Excluding interest, which is recorded under "Interest income or expense". 

The  balance  under  the  heading  “Provisions  -  Pensions  and  other  post-employment  defined  benefit  obligations”  of  the  accompanying 
consolidated  balance  sheet  as  of  December  31,  2019  includes  €351  million  relating  to  post-employment  benefit  commitments  to  former 
members of the Board of Directors and the Bank’s Management (see Note 54). 

The most significant commitments are those in Spain and Mexico and, to a lesser extent, in the United States and Turkey. The remaining 
commitments are located mostly in Portugal and South America. Unless otherwise required by local regulation, all defined benefit plans have 
been closed to new entrants, who instead are able to participate in the Group´s defined contribution plans. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.135 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Both the costs and the present value of the commitments are determined by independent qualified actuaries using the “projected unit credit” 
method. In order to guarantee the good governance of these plans, the Group has established specific benefits committees. These benefit 
committees include members from the different areas of the business to ensure that all decisions are made taking into consideration all of the 
associated impacts. 

The following table sets out the key actuarial assumptions used in the valuation of these commitments as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017: 

Actuarial assumptions (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Spain 

Mexico 

The 
United 
States 

Turkey 

Spain  

Mexico 

9.04% 
4.75% 

2.47% 

7.00% 

3.24% 
- 

- 

- 

12.50% 
9.70% 

8.20% 

12.40% 

1.28% 
- 

- 

- 

10.45% 
4.75% 

2.51% 

7.00% 

The 
United 
States 

4.23% 
- 

- 

- 

Turkey 

Spain 

Mexico 

16.30% 
14.00% 

12.50% 

16.70% 

1.24% 
- 

- 

- 

9.48% 
4.75% 

2.13% 

7.00% 

The 
United 
States 

3.57% 
- 

- 

- 

Turkey 

11.60% 
9.90% 

8.40% 

12.60% 

Discount rate 
Rate of salary increase 
Rate of pension increase 

Medical cost trend rate 

Mortality tables 

0.68% 
- 

- 

- 

PERM/F 

PERM/F 

PERM/F 

2000P  EMSSA09  RP 2014  CSO2001 

2000P  EMSSA09  RP 2014  CSO2001 

2000P  EMSSA09  RP 2014  CSO2001 

In Spain, the discount rate shown as of December, 31, 2019, corresponds to the weighted average rate, the actual discount rates used are 0% 
and 1% depending on the type of commitment. 

Discount  rates  used  to  value  future  benefit  cash  flows  have  been  determined  by  reference  to  high  quality  corporate  bonds  (Note  2.2.12) 
denominated in Euro in the case of Spain, Mexican peso for Mexico and USD for the United States, and government bonds denominated in 
Turkish Lira for Turkey. 

The expected return on plan assets has been set in line with the adopted discount rate. 

Assumed retirement ages have been set by reference to the earliest age at which employees are entitled to retire, the contractually agreed age 
in the case of early retirements in Spain or by using retirement rates. 

Changes in the main actuarial assumptions may affect the valuation of the commitments. The table below shows the sensitivity of the benefit 
obligations to changes in the key assumptions: 

Sensitivity analysis (Millions of Euros) 

Discount rate 

Rate of salary increase 

Rate of pension increase 

Medical cost trend rate 

Change in obligation from each additional year of 
longevity 

Basis points change 

2019 

2018 

Increase 

Decrease 

Increase 

Decrease 

50 

50 

50 

100 

- 

(367) 

3 

27 

338 

137 

405 

(3) 

(26) 

(266) 

- 

(298) 

3 

19 

229 

108 

332 

(3) 

(18) 

(181) 

- 

The sensitivities provided above have been determined at the date of these consolidated financial statements, and reflect solely the impact of 
changing one individual assumption at a time, keeping the rest of the assumptions unchanged, thereby excluding the effects which may result 
from combined assumption changes. 

In addition to the commitments to employees shown above, the Group has other less material long-term employee benefits. These include 
long-service awards, which consist of either an established monetary award or some vacation days granted to certain groups of employees 
when they complete a given number of years of service. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the actuarial liabilities for the outstanding 
awards amounted to €61, €62 million and €67 million, respectively. These commitments are recorded under the heading "Provisions - Other 
long-term employee benefits" of the accompanying consolidated balance sheet (see Note 24). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.136 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

25.1.1  Post-employment commitments and similar obligations 

These commitments relate mostly to pension payments, and which have been determined based on salary and years of service. For most 
plans, pension payments are due on retirement, death and long term disability. 

In addition, during the year 2019, Group entities in Spain offered certain employees the option to take retirement or early retirement (that is, 
earlier than the age stipulated in the collective labor agreement in force). This offer was accepted by 616 employees (489 and 731 during years 
2018 and 2017, respectively). These commitments include the compensation and indemnities due  as well as the contributions payable to 
external pension funds during the early retirement period. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the value of these commitments amounted 
to €1,486, €1,793 million and €2,210 million, respectively. 

The change in the benefit plan obligations and plan assets during the year ended December 31, 2019 was as follows: 

Post-employment commitments  2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income or expense 
Contributions by plan participants 
Employer contributions 
Past service costs (1) 
Remeasurements: 

Return on plan assets (2) 
From changes in demographic assumptions 
From changes in financial assumptions 
Other actuarial gain and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign exchange rates 
Conversions to defined contributions 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 

Of which: Vested benefit obligation relating to current 
employees 
Of which: Vested benefit obligation relating to retired 
employees 

(1) 

(2) 

Including gains and losses arising from settlements. 

Excluding interest, which is recorded under "Interest income or expense". 

Defined benefit obligation 

Spain 

Mexico 

The 
United 
States 

Turkey 

Rest of 
the world 

4,807 
4 
45 
- 
- 
190 
298 
- 
- 
239 
59 
(766) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
14 
4,592 

86 

4,506 

512 
4 
53 
- 
- 
15 
99 
- 
- 
87 
12 
(50) 
- 
- 
32 
- 
- 
664 

- 

- 

326 
1 
14 
- 
- 
- 
44 
- 
- 
42 
2 
(15) 
- 
- 
6 
- 
(1) 
375 

- 

- 

422 
20 
64 
3 
- 
3 
(3) 
- 
(13) 
(41) 
51 
(21) 
- 
- 
(44) 
- 
- 
444 

- 

- 

402 
3 
11 
1 
- 
2 
49 
- 
(2) 
52 
(1) 
(14) 
- 
- 
1 
- 
6 
460 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
P.137 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Post-employment commitments  2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income or expense 
Contributions by plan participants 
Employer contributions 
Past service costs (1) 
Remeasurements: 

Return on plan assets (2) 
From changes in demographic assumptions 
From changes in financial assumptions 
Other actuarial gains and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign exchange rates 
Conversions to defined contributions 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 

(1) 

(2) 

Including gains and losses arising from settlements. 

Excluding interest, which is recorded under "Interest income or expense". 

Post-employment commitments  2019 (Millions of euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income or expense 
Contributions by plan participants 
Employer contributions 
Past service costs (1) 
Remeasurements: 

Return on plan assets (2) 
From changes in demographic assumptions 
From changes in financial assumptions 
Other actuarial gain and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign exchange rates 
Conversions to defined contributions 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 

(1) 

(2) 

Including gains and losses arising from settlements. 

Excluding interest, which is recorded under "Interest income or expense". 

Spain 

Mexico 

Plan assets 

The 
United 
States 

Turkey 

Rest of 
the world 

260 
- 
3 
- 
- 
- 
67 
67 
- 
- 
- 
(64) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
266 

441 
- 
44 
- 
47 
- 
90 
90 
- 
- 
- 
(50) 
- 
(7) 
27 
- 
- 
592 

287 
- 
12 
- 
3 
- 
28 
28 
- 
- 
- 
(13) 
- 
- 
6 
- 
- 
323 

339 
- 
53 
3 
14 
- 
(5) 
(5) 
- 
- 
- 
(10) 
- 
- 
(34) 
- 
- 
359 

366 
- 
8 
1 
1 
- 
50 
50 
- 
- 
- 
(11) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
6 
422 

Net liability (asset) 
The United 
States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

71 
4 
9 
- 
(47) 
15 
9 
(90) 
- 
87 
12 
(1) 
- 
7 
5 
- 
- 
72 

39 
1 
2 
- 
(3) 
- 
16 
(28) 
- 
42 
2 
(2) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(1) 
52 

83 
20 
11 
- 
(14) 
3 
2 
5 
(13) 
(41) 
51 
(11) 
- 
- 
(9) 
- 
- 
86 

Rest of 
the world 
36 
3 
3 
- 
(1) 
2 
(1) 
(50) 
(2) 
52 
(1) 
(3) 
- 
- 
1 
- 
- 
38 

Spain 

4,547 
4 
42 
- 
- 
190 
231 
(67) 
- 
239 
59 
(702) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
14 
4,326 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.138 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The change in net liabilities (assets) during the years ended 2018 and 2017 was as follows: 

Post-employment commitments (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income or expense 
Contributions by plan participants 
Employer contributions 

Past service costs (1) 

Remeasurements: 

Return on plan assets (2) 

From changes in demographic assumptions 
From changes in financial assumptions 
Other actuarial gain and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign exchange rates 
Conversions to defined contributions 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 

2018: Net liability (asset) 

2017: Net liability (asset) 

Spain 

Mexico 

The 
United 
States 

Turkey 

Rest of 
the 
world 

Spain 

Mexico 

The United 
States 

Turkey 

Rest of 
the 
world 

5,122 
4 
59 
- 
- 

148 

(28) 

4 

- 
- 
(32) 
(763) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
5 
4,547 

(18) 
5 
(2) 
- 
- 

(1) 

88 

70 

- 
(9) 
27 
- 
- 
- 
(1) 
- 
- 
71 

51 
- 
2 
- 
(2) 

- 

(11) 

17 

(1) 
(28) 
1 
(2) 
- 
- 
2 
- 
(1) 
39 

96 
21 
8 
- 
(13) 

2 

3 

21 

- 
(45) 
29 
(11) 
- 
- 
(26) 
- 
- 
83 

36 
4 
2 
1 
(18) 

2 

14 

11 

15 
(12) 
- 
(3) 
- 
- 
(1) 
- 
- 
36 

5,799 
4 
73 
- 
- 

235 

(67) 

(21) 

- 
(33) 
(13) 
(842) 
- 
- 
- 
(82) 
2 
5,122 

(59) 
5 
(6) 
- 
(1) 

1 

38 

(10) 

22 
18 
7 
(1) 
- 
- 
5 
- 
- 
(18) 

46 
3 
1 
- 
- 

- 

9 

99 
21 
9 
- 
(16) 

4 

12 

(11) 

(101) 

(2) 
22 
- 
(2) 
- 
- 
(5) 
- 
(1) 
51 

- 
81 
32 
(11) 
- 
- 
(21) 
- 
- 
96 

43 
5 
2 
- 
(8) 

3 

(1) 

2 

(3) 
4 
(4) 
(3) 
- 
- 
(5) 
- 
(1) 
36 

(1) 

(2) 

Includes gains and losses from settlements. 
Excludes interest which is reflected in the line item “Interest income and expense”. 

In Spain, local regulation requires that pension and death benefit commitments must be funded, either through a qualified pension plan or an 
insurance contract. 

In  the  Spanish  entities  these  commitments  are  covered  by  insurance  contracts  which  meet  the  requirements  of  the  accounting  standard 
regarding the non-recoverability of contributions. However, a significant number of the insurance contracts are with BBVA Seguros, S.A. – a 
consolidated subsidiary and related party – and consequently these policies cannot be considered plan assets under IAS 19. For this reason, 
the liabilities insured under these policies are fully recognized under the heading "Provisions – Pensions and other postemployment defined 
benefit obligations" of the accompanying consolidated balance sheet (see Note 24), while the related assets held by the insurance company 
are included within the Group´s consolidated assets (recorded according to the classification of the corresponding financial instruments). As 
of December 31, 2019 the value of these separate assets was €2,620 million, (€2,543 and €2,689 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively) representing direct rights of the insured employees held in the consolidated balance sheet, hence these benefits are effectively 
fully funded. 

On the other hand, some pension commitments have been funded through insurance contracts with insurance companies not related to the 
Group. In this case the accompanying consolidated balance sheet reflects the value of the obligations net of the fair value of the qualifying 
insurance policies. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the value of the aforementioned insurance policies (€266, €260 and €320 million, 
respectively)  exactly  match  the  value  of  the  corresponding  obligations  and  therefore  no  amount  for  this  item  has  been  recorded  in  the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheet. 

Pensions benefits are paid by the insurance companies with whom BBVA has insurance contracts and to whom all insurance premiums have 
been paid. The premiums are determined by the insurance companies using “cash flow matching” techniques to ensure that benefits can be 
met when due, guaranteeing both the actuarial and interest rate risk. 

In Mexico, there is a defined benefit plan for employees hired prior to 2001. Other employees participate in a defined contribution plan. External 
funds/trusts have been constituted locally to meet benefit payments as required by local regulation. 

In the United States there are two defined benefit plans, closed to new employees, who instead are able to join a defined contribution plan. 
External funds/trusts have been constituted locally to fund the plans, as required by local regulation. 

In 2008, the Turkish government passed a law to unify the different existing pension systems under a single umbrella Social Security system. 
Such system provides for the transfer of the various previously established funds. 

 
 
 
 
 
P.139 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The financial sector is in this stage at present, maintaining these pension commitments managed by external pension funds (foundations) 
established for that purpose. 

The foundation that maintains the assets and liabilities relating to employees of Garanti in Turkey, as per the local regulatory requirements, 
has registered an obligation amounting to €286 million as of December 31, 2019 pending future transfer to the Social Security system. 

Furthermore,  Garanti  has  set  up  a  defined  benefit  pension  plan  for  employees,  additional  to  the  social  security  benefits,  reflected  in  the 
consolidated balance sheet. 

25.1.2  Medical benefit commitments 

The change in defined benefit obligations and plan assets during the years 2019, 2018 and 2017 was as follows: 

Medical benefits commitments 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

Plan 
assets 

Net liability 
(asset) 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

Plan 
assets 

Net 
liability 
(asset) 

Defined 
benefit 
obligation 

Plan 
assets 

Net 
liability 
(asset) 

Balance at the beginning 
Current service cost 
Interest income or expense 
Contributions by plan participants 
Employer contributions 
Past service costs (1) 
Remeasurements: 

Return on plan assets (2) 

From changes in demographic assumptions 
From changes in financial assumptions 
Other actuarial gain and losses 

Benefit payments 
Settlement payments 
Business combinations and disposals 
Effect on changes in foreign exchange rates 
Other  effects 
Balance at the end 

1,114 
21 
119 
- 
- 
- 
298 
- 
- 
311 
(13) 
(39) 
- 
- 
68 
(1) 
1,580 

1,146 
- 
123 
- 
- 
- 
224 
224 
- 
- 
- 
(39) 
- 
7 
71 
- 
1,532 

(32) 
21 
(4) 
- 
- 
- 
74 
(224) 
- 
311 
(13) 
(1) 
- 
(7) 
(2) 
(1) 
48 

1,204 
27 
116 
- 
- 
(42) 
(210) 
- 
- 
(182) 
(28) 
(34) 
- 
- 
62 
(9) 
1,114 

1,114 
- 
109 
- 
71 
- 
(164) 
(164) 
- 
- 
- 
(33) 
- 
- 
59 
(9) 
1,146 

91 
27 
8 
- 
(71) 
(42) 
(47) 
164 
- 
(182) 
(28) 
(1) 
- 
- 
3 
(0) 
(32) 

1,015 
26 
101 
- 
- 
(11) 
200 
- 
83 
128 
(10) 
(35) 
- 
- 
(92) 
- 
1,204 

1,113 
- 
112 
- 
- 
- 
21 
21 
- 
- 
- 
(33) 
- 
- 
(100) 
- 
1,114 

(98) 
26 
(11) 
- 
- 
(11) 
179 
(21) 
83 
128 
(10) 
(2) 
- 
- 
8 
- 
91 

(1) 

(2) 

Including gains and losses arising from settlements. 

Excluding interest, which is recorded under "Interest income or expense". 

In Mexico, there is a medical benefit plan for employees hired prior to 2007. New employees from 2007 are covered by a medical insurance 
policy. An external trust has been constituted locally to fund the plan, in accordance with local legislation and Group policy. 

In  Turkey,  employees  are  currently  provided  with  medical  benefits  through  a  foundation  in  collaboration  with  the  Social  Security  system, 
although local legislation prescribes the future unification of this and similar systems into the general Social Security system itself. 

The valuation of these benefits and their accounting treatment follow the same methodology as that employed in the valuation of pension 
commitments. 

25.1.3  Estimated benefit payments 

As of December 31, 2019, the estimated benefit payments over the next ten years for all the entities in Spain, Mexico, the United States and 
Turkey are as follows: 

 
 
 
 
P.140 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Estimated benefit payments (Millions of Euros) 

Commitments in Spain 

Commitments in Mexico 

Commitments in the United States 

Commitments in Turkey 

Total  

25.1.4  Plan assets  

2020 

2021 

2022 

2023 

2024  2025-2029 

621 

106 

17 

20 

764 

544 

110 

18 

22 

694 

449 

117 

19 

18 

603 

360 

125 

19 

22 

526 

288 

132 

20 

25 

465 

903 

808 

107 

200 

2,018 

The majority of the Group´s defined benefit plans are funded by plan assets held in external funds/trusts legally separate from the Group 
sponsoring entity. However, in accordance with local regulation, some commitments are not externally funded and covered through internally 
held provisions, principally those relating to early retirements. 

Plan assets are those assets which will be used to directly settle the assumed commitments and which meet the following conditions: they are 
not part of the Group sponsoring entities assets, they are available only to pay post-employment benefits and they cannot be returned to the 
Group sponsoring entity. 

To manage the assets associated with defined benefit plans, BBVA Group has established investment policies designed according to criteria 
of prudence and minimizing the financial risks associated with plan assets. 

The investment policy consists of investing in a low risk and diversified portfolio of assets with maturities consistent with the term of the benefit 
obligation and which, together with contributions made to the plan, will be sufficient to meet benefit payments when due, thus mitigating the 
plans‘ risks. 

In those countries where plan assets are held in pension funds or trusts, the investment policy is developed consistently with local regulation. 
When  selecting  specific  assets,  current  market  conditions,  the  risk  profile  of  the  assets  and  their  future  market  outlook  are  all  taken  into 
consideration. In all the cases, the selection of assets takes into consideration the term of the benefit obligations as well as short-term liquidity 
requirements. 

The risks associated with these commitments are those which give rise to a deficit in the plan assets. A deficit could arise from factors such as 
a fall in the market value of plan assets, an increase in long-term interest rates leading to a decrease in the fair value of fixed income securities, 
or a deterioration of the economy resulting in more write-downs and credit rating downgrades. 

The table below shows the allocation of plan assets of the main companies of the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

Plan assets breakdown (Millions of Euros) 

Cash or cash equivalents 

Debt securities (government bonds) 

Property 

Mutual funds 

Insurance contracts 

Other investments 

Total 

Of which: Bank account in BBVA 

Of which: Debt securities issued by BBVA 

2019 

2018 

2017 

56 

2,668 

- 

2 

142 

- 

2,869 

4 

- 

26 

2,080 

- 

2 

132 

- 

2,241 

3 

- 

68 

2,178 

1 

1 

4 

10 

2,261 

5 

3 

Of which: Property occupied by BBVA 

- 
In addition to the above there are plan assets relating to the previously mentioned insurance contracts in Spain and the foundation in Turkey. 

- 

- 

The following table provides details of investments in listed securities (Level 1) as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.141 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Investments in listed markets 

Cash or cash equivalents 

Debt securities (Government bonds) 

Mutual funds 

Total 

Of which: Bank account in BBVA 

Of which: Debt securities issued by BBVA 

2019 

2018 

2017 

56 

2,668 

2 

2,727 

4 

- 

26 

2,080 

2 

2,109 

3 

- 

68 

2,178 

1 

2,247 

5 

3 

Of which: Property occupied by BBVA 

- 
The remainders of the assets are mainly invested in Level 2 assets in in accordance with the classification established under IFRS 13 (mainly 
insurance contracts). As of December 31, 2019, almost all of the assets related to employee commitments corresponded to fixed income 
securities. 

- 

- 

25.2  Defined contribution plans 

Certain  Group  entities  sponsor  defined  contribution  plans.  Some  of  these  plans  allow  employees  to  make  contributions  which  are  then 
matched by the employer. 

Contributions are recognized as and when they are accrued, with a charge to the consolidated income statement in the corresponding year. 
No liability is therefore recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet (see Note 44.1). 

26.  Common stock 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, BBVA’s common stock amounted to €3,267,264,424.20 divided into 6,667,886,580 fully subscribed 
and paid-up registered shares, all of the same class and series, at €0.49 par value each, represented through book-entries. All of the Bank 
shares carry the same voting and dividend rights, and no single stockholder enjoys special voting rights. Each and every share is part of the 
Bank’s common stock.  

The Bank’s shares are traded on the stock markets of Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia through the Sistema de Interconexión Bursátil 
Español (Mercado Continuo), as well as on the London and Mexico stock markets. BBVA American Depositary Shares (ADSs) traded on the 
New York Stock Exchange. 

Additionally, as of December 31, 2019, the shares of Banco BBVA Peru, S.A.; Banco Provincial, S.A.; Banco BBVA Colombia, S.A.; Banco BBVA 
Argentina, S.A. and Garanti BBVA A.S., were listed on their respective local stock markets. Banco BBVA Argentina, S.A. was also quoted in the 
Latin American market (Latibex) of the Madrid Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange. Also, the Depositary Receipts (“DR”) of 
Garanti BBVA, A.S. are listed in the London Stock Exchange 

As of December 31, 2019, State Street Bank and Trust Co., The Bank of New York Mellon SA NV and Chase Nominees Ltd in their capacity as 
international custodian/depositary banks, held 11.68%, 2.03%, and 6.64% of BBVA common stock, respectively. Of said positions held by the 
custodian banks, BBVA is not aware of any individual shareholders with direct or indirect holdings greater than or equal to 3% of BBVA common 
stock outstanding. 

On April 18, 2019, Blackrock, Inc. reported to the Spanish Securities and Exchange Commission (CNMV) that, it had an indirect holding of 
BBVA common stock totaling 5.917%, of which 5.480% are voting rights attributed to shares and 0.437% are voting rights through financial 
instruments. 

On February 3, 2020, Norges Bank reported to the Spanish Securities and Exchange Commission (CNMV) that it had an indirect holding of 
BBVA  S.A.  common stock  totaling  3.066%,  of which  3.051%  are voting  rights  attributed  to  shares,  and  0.015%  are voting  rights  through 
financial instruments. 

BBVA  is  not  aware  of  any  direct  or  indirect  interests  through  which  control  of  the  Bank  may  be  exercised.  BBVA  has  not  received  any 
information on stockholder agreements including the regulation of the exercise of voting rights at its annual general meetings or restricting or 
placing conditions on the free transferability of BBVA shares. No agreement is known that could give rise to changes in the control of the Bank. 

 
 
 
P.142 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

BBVA banking subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures worldwide, are subject to supervision and regulation from a variety of regulatory 
bodies  in  relation  to,  among  other  aspects,  the  satisfaction  of  minimum  capital  requirements.  The  obligation  to  satisfy  such  capital 
requirements may affect the ability of such entities to transfer funds in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances. In addition, under the 
laws of the various jurisdictions where such entities are incorporated, dividends may only be paid out through funds legally available for such 
purpose.  Even  when  the  minimum  capital  requirements  are  met  and  funds  are  legally  available,  the  relevant  regulators  or  other  public 
administrations could discourage or delay the transfer of funds to the Group in the form of cash, dividends, loans or advances for prudential 
reasons. 

Resolutions adopted by the Annual General Meeting  

Capital increase 

BBVA’s AGM held on March 17, 2017 resolved, under agenda item four, to confer authority on the Board of Directors to increase Bank’s share 
capital, on one or several occasions, within the legal term of five years of the approval date of the authorization, up to the maximum amount 
corresponding to 50% of Bank’s share capital at the time on which the resolution was adopted, likewise conferring authority to the Board of 
Directors to totally or partially exclude shareholders’ pre-emptive subscription rights over any specific issue that may be made under such 
authority; although the power to exclude pre-emptive subscription rights was limited, such that the nominal amount of the capital increases 
resolved or effectively carried out with the exclusion of pre-emptive subscription rights in use of the referred authority and those that may be 
resolved or carried out to cover the conversion of mandatory convertible issues  that may also be made with the exclusion of pre-emptive 
subscription rights in use of the authority to issue convertible securities conferred by the AGM held on March 17, 2017, under agenda item five 
(without prejudice to the anti-dilution adjustments and this limit not being applicable to contingent convertible issues) shall not exceed the 
nominal maximum overall amount of 20% of the share capital of BBVA at the time of the authorization. 

As of the date of this document, the Bank’s Board of Directors has not exercised the authority conferred by the AGM. 

“Dividend Option” Program 2017: 

Note 4 introduces the details of the remuneration system ‘‘Dividend Option’’. 

Convertible and/or exchangeable securities: 

Note 22.4 introduces the details of the convertible and/or exchangeable securities.  

27. 

Share premium 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was €23,992 
million.  

The amended Spanish Corporation Act expressly permits the use of the share premium balance to increase capital and establishes no specific 
restrictions as to its use (see Note 26). 

28. 

Retained earnings, revaluation reserves and other reserves  

28.1  Breakdown of the balance  

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
P.143 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Retained earnings, revaluation reserves and other reserves. Breakdown by concepts (Millions of Euros) 

Legal reserve 

Restricted reserve 

Reserves for regularizations and balance revaluations 

Voluntary reserves 
Total reserves holding company (*) 

Consolidation reserves attributed to the Bank and dependent consolidated 
companies 

Total  

(*)  Total reserves of BBVA, S.A. (See Appendix IX). 

2019 

2018 

2017 

653 

124 

- 

8,331 

9,108 

17,169 

26,277 

653 

133 

3 

8,010 

8,799 

14,222 

23,021 

644 

159 

12 

8,643 

9,458 

14,266 

23,724 

28.2 

Legal reserve  

Under the amended Spanish Corporations Act, 10% of any profit made each year must be transferred to the legal reserve. The transfer must 
be made until the legal reserve reaches 20% of the common stock. 

The legal reserve can be used to  increase the common stock provided that the remaining reserve balance does not fall below 10% of the 
increased capital. While it does not exceed 20% of the common stock, it can only be allocated to offset losses exclusively in the case that there 
are not sufficient reserves available. 

28.3  Restricted  reserves  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Bank’s restricted reserves are as follows: 

Restricted reserves. Breakdown by concepts (Millions of Euros) 

Restricted reserve for retired capital 

Restricted reserve for parent company shares and loans for those shares 

Restricted reserve for redenomination of capital in euros 

Total  

2019 

2018 

2017 

88 
34 

2 

124 

88 
44 

2 

133 

88 
69 

2 

159 

The restricted reserve for retired capital resulted from the reduction of the nominal par value of the BBVA shares made in April 2000. 

The second heading corresponds to restricted reserves related to the amount of shares issued by the Bank in its possession at each date, as 
well as the amount of customer loans outstanding at those dates that were granted for the purchase of, or are secured by, the parent company 
shares. 

Finally, pursuant to Law 46/1998 on the Introduction of the Euro, a restricted reserve is recognized as a result of the rounding effect of the 
redenomination of the parent company common stock in euros. 

28.4  Retained earnings, Revaluation reserves and Other reserves by entity 

The breakdown, by company or corporate group, under the headings “Retained earnings”, “Revaluation reserves” and “other reserves” in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.144 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Retained earnings, revaluation reserves and other reserves. Breakdown by concepts (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Retained earnings (losses) and revaluation reserves 

Holding Company  

BBVA Mexico Group 

Garanti BBVA Group 

BBVA Colombia Group 

Corporación General Financiera S.A. 

BBVA Perú Group 

BBV América, S.L. 

Catalunyacaixa Inmobiliaria, S.A. 

BBVA Chile Group 

BBVA Paraguay 

Bilbao Vizcaya Holding, S.A. 

Compañía de Cartera e Inversiones, S.A. 

Gran Jorge Juan, S.A. 

Banco Industrial de Bilbao, S.A. 

BBVA Luxinvest, S.A. 

Pecri Inversión S.L. 

BBVA Suiza, S.A. 

BBVA Portugal Group 

BBVA Seguros, S.A. 

BBVA Venezuela Group 

Grupo BBVA USA Bancshares 

BBVA Argentina Group 

Anida Grupo Inmobiliario, S.L. 

Unnim Real Estate 

Anida Operaciones Singulares, S.L. 

Other 

Subtotal 

Other reserves or accumulated losses of investments in joint ventures and 
associates 

Metrovacesa, S.A. 

ATOM Bank PLC 

Other 
Subtotal 

Total  

16,623 

10,645 

1,985 

1,130 

932 

848 

247 

225 

597 

130 

62 

47 

27 

(13) 

(48) 

(50) 

(52) 

(59) 

(99) 

(125) 

(317) 

35 

(587) 

(594) 

(5,375) 

188 

26,402 

(75) 

(56) 

6 
(125) 

14,701 

10,014 

1,415 

998 

1,084 

756 

217 

233 

552 

119 

49 

108 

(33) 

- 

(48) 

(74) 

(53) 

(66) 

(127) 

(124) 

(586) 

103 

363 

(587) 

(5,317) 

(618) 

23,079 

(61) 

(28) 

31 
(58) 

15,759 

9,442 

751 

926 

1,202 

681 

195 

11 

951 

108 

(73) 

(20) 

(47) 

25 

25 

(76) 

(57) 

(436) 

(215) 

(113) 

(794) 

999 

515 

(576) 

(4,881) 

(544) 

23,758 

(53) 

(12) 

30 
(35) 

26,277 

23,021 

23,724 

For the purpose of allocating the reserves and accumulated losses to the consolidated entities and to the parent company, the transfers of 
reserves arising from the dividends paid and transactions between these entities are taken into account in the period in which they took place.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.145 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

29. 

Treasury shares 

In the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 the Group entities performed the following transactions with shares issued by the Bank: 

Treasury shares (Millions of euros) 

Balance at beginning 
 + Purchases 

 - Sales and other changes 

 +/- Derivatives on BBVA shares 

 +/- Other changes 
Balance at the end 

Of which: 

Held by BBVA, S.A. 

Held by Corporación General Financiera, S.A. 

Held by other subsidiaries 

Average purchase price in Euros 

Average selling price in Euros 
Net gain or losses on transactions 
 (Shareholders' funds-Reserves) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Number of 
Shares 

Millions of 
Euros 

Number of 
Shares 

Millions of 
Euros 

Number of 
Shares 

Millions of 
Euros 

47,257,691 
214,925,699 

296 
1,088 

13,339,582 
279,903,844 

96 
1,683 

7,230,787 
238,065,297 

(249,566,201) 

(1,298) 

(245,985,735) 

(1,505) 

(231,956,502) 

48 
1,674 

(1,622) 

- 

(23) 

- 

- 
12,617,189 
- 

- 

12,617,189 

- 

5.06 

5.20 

- 
47,257,691 
- 

- 

47,257,691 

- 

6.11 

6.25 

- 
62 
- 

- 

62 

- 

- 

- 

13 

- 

- 
13,339,582 
- 

- 

13,339,582 

- 

7.03 

6.99 

23 

- 
296 
- 

- 

296 

- 

- 

- 

(24) 

(4) 

- 
96 
- 

- 

96 

- 

- 

- 

1 

The percentages of treasury shares held by the Group in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:  

Treasury Stock 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Min 

Max 

Closing 

Min 

Max 

Closing 

Min 

Max 

Closing 

% treasury stock 

0.138% 

0.746% 

0.213% 

0.200% 

0.850% 

0.709% 

0.004% 

0.278% 

0.200% 

The number of BBVA shares accepted by the Group in pledge of loans as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Shares of BBVA accepted in pledge 

Number of shares in pledge 

Nominal value 

% of share capital 

2019 

2018 

2017 

43,018,382 

61,632,832 

64,633,003 

0.49 

0.65% 

0.49 

0.92% 

0.49 

0.97% 

The number of BBVA shares owned by third parties but under management of a company within the Group as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017 is as follows: 

Shares of BBVA owned by third parties but managed by the Group 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Number of shares owned by third parties 

23,807,398 

25,306,229 

34,597,310 

Nominal value 

% of share capital 

0.49 

0.36% 

0.49 

0.38% 

0.49 

0.52% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.146 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

30.  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Millions of Euros) 

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss 

Actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit pension plans 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 

 Share of other recognized income and expense of investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and 
associates 

Notes 

2019 

2018  2017(*) 

(1,875) 
(1,498) 

(1,284) 
(1,245) 

(1,183) 
(1,183) 

2 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income 

13.4 

(403) 

(155) 

Hedge ineffectiveness of fair value hedges for equity instruments measured at fair value through other 
comprehensive income 
Fair value changes of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes in their 
credit risk  

- 

24 

- 

116 

Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 

Hedge of net investments in foreign operations (effective portion) 

Foreign currency translation  

Hedging derivatives. Cash flow hedges (effective portion) 

Financial assets available for sale 

(5,359) 
(896) 

(5,932) 
(218) 

(5,755) 
1 

(6,161) 

(6,643) 

(7,297) 

(44) 

(6) 

(34) 

1,641 

- 

(26) 

(40) 

Fair value changes of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income 

13.4 

1,760 

943 

Hedging instruments (non-designated items) 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 

Share of other recognized income and expense of investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates   

- 

(18) 

1 

- 

1 

(9) 

Total 

(*) See Note 1.3  

The balances recognized under these headings are presented net of tax. 

31. 

Non-controlling interest 

(7,235) 

(7,215) 

(6,939) 

The  table  below  is  a  breakdown  by  groups  of  consolidated  entities  of  the  balance  under  the  heading  “Minority  interests  (non-controlling 
interest)” of total equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Non-controlling interests: breakdown by subgroups (Millions of Euros) 

Garanti BBVA 

BBVA Peru 

BBVA Argentina 

BBVA Colombia 

BBVA Venezuela 

Other entities 
Total 

2019 

4,240 

1,334 

422 

76 

71 

57 
6,201 

2018 

4,058 

1,167 

352 

67 

67 

53 
5,764 

2017 

4,903 

1,059 

420 

65 

78 

454 
6,979 

These amounts are broken down by groups of consolidated entities under the heading “Attributable to minority  interests (non-controlling 
interest)” in the accompanying consolidated income statements: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.147 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (Millions of Euros) 

Garanti BBVA 

BBVA Peru 

BBVA Argentina 

BBVA Colombia 

BBVA Venezuela 

Other entities 

2019 

2018 

2017 

524 

236 

60 

11 

(1) 

4 

585 

227 

(18) 

9 

(5) 

30 

883 

208 

93 

7 

(2) 

55 

Total 
1,243 
Dividends distributed to non-controlling interest of the Group during the year 2019 are: BBVA Peru Group €115 million, BBVA Argentina Group 
€16 million, BBVA Colombia Group €3 million, and other Group entities accounted for €8 million. 

833 

827 

32. 

Capital base and capital management  

32.1  Capital base 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, equity is calculated in accordance to the applicable regulation of each year on minimum capital base 
requirements for Spanish credit institutions –both as individual entities and as consolidated group– and how to calculate them, as well as the 
various internal capital adequacy assessment processes they should have in place and the information they should disclose to the market. 

The minimum capital base requirements established by the current regulation are calculated according to the Group’s exposure to credit and 
dilution risk, counterparty and liquidity risk relating to the trading portfolio, exchange-rate risk and operational risk. In addition, the Group must 
fulfill the risk concentration limits established in said regulation and the internal corporate governance obligations. 

With  regard  to  BBVA,  after  the  supervisory  review  and  evaluation  process  (“SREP”)  carried  out  by  the  ECB,  the  Group  has  received  the 
communication to maintain, from January, 1, 2020 on a consolidated basis, a CET1 capital ratio of 9.27% and a total capital ratio of 12.77%. 

This total capital requirement at consolidated level includes: i) a Pillar 1 requirement of 8% that should be fulfilled by a minimum of 4.5% of 
CET1; ii) a Pillar 2 requirement of 1.5% of CET1 that remains at the same level as the one included in the previous SREP decision; iii) a Capital 
Conservation buffer of 2.5% of CET1; iv) the Other Systemic Important Institution buffer (OSII) of 0.75% of CET1; and v) the Countercyclical 
Capital buffer 0.02% of CET1. 

The ECB Pillar 2 requirement remains at the same level as the one established in the last SREP decision, being the sole difference the evolution 
of the Countercyclical Capital buffer of 0.01% approximately. 

 
 
 
 
P.148 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

A reconciliation of the main figures between the accounting and regulatory own funds as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is shown below: 

Eligible capital resources (Millions of Euros) 

Capital 
Share premium 
Retained earnings, revaluation reserves and other reserves 
Other equity instruments, net 
Treasury shares 
Attributable to the parent company 
Attributable dividend 
Total equity 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 
Non-controlling interest 
Shareholders' equity 
Goodwill and other intangible assets 
Direct and synthetic treasury shares 
Deductions 
Temporary CET 1 adjustments 

Capital gains from the Available-for-sale debt instruments portfolio 
Capital gains from the Available-for-sale equity portfolio 

Differences from solvency and accounting level 
Equity not eligible at solvency level 
Other adjustments and deductions (1) 
Common Equity Tier 1 (CET 1) 
Additional Tier 1 before Regulatory Adjustments 
Total Regulatory Adjustments of Additional Tier 1 
Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Total Capital (Total Capital=Tier 1 + Tier 2) 

Total Minimum equity required 

(*)    Provisional data. 

Notes 

2019 (*) 

26 
27 
28 

29 
6 

30 
31 

3,267 
23,992 
26,277 
56 
(62) 
3,512 
(1,084) 
55,958 
(7,235) 
6,201 
54,925 
(6,803) 
(422) 
(7,225) 
- 
- 
- 
(215) 
(215) 
(3,832) 
43,653 
6,048 
- 
49,701 
8,324 
58,025 
- 
46,540 

2018 

3,267 
23,992 
23,021 
50 
(296) 
5,400 
(1,109) 
54,326 
(7,215) 
5,764 
52,874 
(8,199) 
(135) 
(8,334) 
- 
- 
- 
(176) 
(176) 
(4,049) 
40,313 
5,634 
- 
45,947 
8,756 
54,703 
- 
41,576 

2017 

3,267 
23,992 
23,724 
54 
(96) 
3,514 
(1,172) 
53,283 
(6,939) 
6,979 
53,323 
(6,627) 
(182) 
(6,809) 
(273) 
(256) 
(17) 
(189) 
(462) 
(3,711) 
42,341 
6,296 
(1,657) 
46,980 
8,798 
55,778 
- 
40,370 

(1) Other adjustments and deductions includes the amount of minority interest not eligible as capital, amount of dividends not distributed and other deductions and filters set by the CRR. 

The Group’s bank capital in accordance with the aforementioned applicable regulation as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is shown below: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.149 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Amount of capital CC1 (Millions of Euros) 

Capital and share premium  

Retained earnings and equity instruments 

Other accumulated income and other reserves 

Minority interests 

Net interim attributable profit 

Ordinary Tier 1 (CET 1) before other reglamentary adjustments 

Goodwill and intangible assets 

Direct and indirect holdings in equity 

Deferred tax assets  

Other deductions and filters 

Total common equity Tier 1 reglamentary adjustments 

Common equity TIER 1 (CET1) 
Equity instruments and share premium classified as liabilities 
Qualifying Tier 1 capital included in consolidated AT1 capital issued by subsidiaries and held by third parties 

Additional Tier 1 (CET 1) before regulatory adjustments 

Temporary CET 1 adjustments 

Total regulatory adjustments of additional equity l Tier 1 

Additional equity Tier 1  (AT1)  

Tier 1 (Common equity TIER 1+ additional TIER 1) 

Equity instruments and share premium accounted as Tier 2 

Eligible equity instruments  

Credit risk adjustments 

Tier 2 before regulatory adjustments 

Tier 2 reglamentary adjustments  

Tier 2 

Total capital (Total capital=Tier 1 + Tier 2) 
Total RWA's 
CET 1 (phased-in) 
Tier 1 (phased-in) 
Total capital (phased-in) 
(*)    Provisional data. 

2019 (*) 

2018 

2017 

27,259 

27,259 

27,259 

26,960 

23,773 

23,791 

(7,157) 

(7,143) 

(6,863) 

4,404 

3,809 

1,316 

3,188 

5,446 

1,302 

52,783 

50,887 

50,935 

(6,803) 

(8,199) 

(6,627) 

(484)

(432)

(1,420) 

(1,260)

(423)

(682)

(278) 

(755) 

(933) 

(9,130)  (10,573) 

(8,594) 

43,653 
5,400 
648 

40,313 
5,005 
629 

6,048 

5,634 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6,048 

5,634 

42,341 
5,893 
403 

6,296 

(1,657) 

(1,657) 

4,639 

49,701 

45,947 

46,980 

3,064 

4,711 

550 

3,768 

4,409 

579 

8,324 

8,756 

- 

- 

1,759 

6,438 

601 

8,798 

- 

8,324 

8,756 

8,798 

58,025 

54,703 
364,448  348,264 
11.6% 
13.2% 
15.7% 

12.0% 
13.6% 
15.9% 

55,778 
362,875 
11.7% 
12.9% 
15.4% 

As of December 2019 Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) phased-in ratio1 stood at 11.98% (fully-loaded ratio of 11.74%), including the impact of 
IFRS 16 standard’s implementation that entered into force on January 1 st, 2019 (-11 basis points). Compared to December 2018, the ratio 
increased by +40 basis points supported by the profit generation, net of dividend payments and remuneration of contingent convertible capital 
instruments (CoCos), notwithstanding the moderate growth of risk-weighted assets. 

In addition, the impairment of the goodwill in the United States CGU recognized by the Group amounting to €1,318 million has no impact on 
the regulatory own funds (see Note 18.1). 

Risk-weighted assets (RWAs) increased by approximately € 16,100 million in 2019 as a result of activity growth, mainly in emerging markets 
and the  inc orporation of  regulatory  impacts  (the  application  of  IFRS  16  standard  and  TRIM  -  Targeted  Review  of  Internal  Models)  for  
approximately € 7,600 million (impact on the CET1 ratio of -25 basis points). It should be noted that during the second quarter of the year the 
recognition  by  the  European  Commission1  of  Argentina  as  a  country  whose  supervisory  and  regulatory  requirements2  are  considered 
equivalent had a positive effect on the evolution of the RWAs.

The Additional tier 1 capital (AT1) phased-in ratio stood at 1.66% as of December 31st, 2019. In this regard, BBVA S.A. carried out an issue of 
€1,000 million CoCos, registered at the Spanish Securities Market Commission (CNMV) and another issue of the same type of instruments, 
registered in the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for USD 1,000 million. 

1 This CET1 phased-in ratio includes the impact of the initial implementation of IFRS9. In this context, the European Commission and Parliament 
have established temporary arrangements that are voluntary for the institutions, adapting the impact of IFRS9 on capital ratios. BBVA has 
informed the supervisory board its adherence to these arrangements. 

2 On April 1, 2019, the Official Journal of the European Union published Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/536, which includes 
Argentina within the list of third countries and territories whose supervisory and regulatory requirements are considered equivalent for the 
purposes of the treatment of exposures in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 575/2013. 

P.150 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

On the other hand, in February 2020 the CoCos issuance of € 1,500 million issued in February 2015 will be amortized. As of December 31st, 
2019, it is no longer included in the capital ratios. 

Finally, in terms of issues eligible as Tier 2 capital, BBVA S.A. issued a € 750 million subordinated debt and carried out the early redemption of 
two subordinated-debt issues; one for €1,500 million redeemed in April 2019, and another issued in June 2009 by Caixa d'Estalvis de Sabadell 
with an outstanding nominal amount of €4.9 million and redeemed in June 2019. 

With regard to the subsidiaries of the Group, BBVA Mexico carried out a Tier 2 issuance of USD 750 million and partially repurchased two 
subordinated debt  issuances  ($250  million  due  in  2020  and  $500  million  due  in  2021).  Meanwhile,  Garanti  BBVA issued  another  Tier 2 
issuance of TRY 253 million. 

All of this, together with the evolution of the remaining elements eligible as Tier 2 capital, set the Tier 2 phased in ratio at 2.28% as of December 
31st, 2019. In addition, in January 2020, BBVA, S.A. issued €1,000 million of Tier 2 eligible subordinated debt. This issue will be included in the 
capital ratios for the first quarter of 2020 with an estimated impact of approximately +27 basis points on the T2 capital ratio. 

These  levels  are  above  the  requirements  established  by  the  supervisor  in  its  SREP  letter  applicable  in  2019,  also  above  the  applicable 
requirements from January, 1st. 2020. 

In November 2019, BBVA received a new communication from the Bank of Spain regarding its minimum requirement for own funds and 
eligible liabilities (MREL), as determined by the Single Resolution Board, that was calculated taking into account the financial and supervisory 
information as of December 31, 2017. 

In accordance with such communication, BBVA has to reach, by January 1, 2021, an amount of own funds and eligible liabilities equal to 
15.16% of the total liabilities and own funds of its resolution group, on sub-consolidated basis (the MREL requirement). Within this MREL, an 
amount equal to 8.01% of the total liabilities and own funds shall be met with subordinated instruments (the subordination requirement), 
once the relevant allowance is applied.  

This MREL requirement is equal to 28.50% in terms of risk-weighted assets (RWAs), while the subordination requirement included in the MREL 
requirement is equal to 15.05% in terms of RWAs, once the relevant allowance has been applied. 

In order to comply with this requirement, BBVA has continued its issuance program during 2019 by closing three public senior non-preferred 
debt, for a total of € 3,000 million, of which one in green bonds by € 1,000 million. In addition, BBVA issued a senior preferred debt of € 1,000 
million. 

The Group estimates that the current own funds and eligible liabilities structure of the resolution group meets the MREL requirement, as well 
as with new subordination requirement. 

32.2  Leverage ratio 

The leverage  ratio  (LR) is  a  regulatory  measure  complementing  capital  designed  to  guarantee  the  soundness  and  financial st rength of  
institutions in  terms  of  indebtedness.  This  measurement  can  be  used  to  est imate the  percentage  of  the  assets  and  off -balance sheet  
arrangements financed with Tier 1 capital,  the carrying amount of  the assets used in this ratio is adjusted to  reflect the bank’s current or 
potential leverage with a given balance-sheet position (Leverage ratio exposure). 

Breakdown of capital base as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, calculated according to CCR, is as follows: 

Capital Base 

Tier 1 (millions of euros) (a) 
Exposure (millions of euros) (b) 
Leverage ratio (a)/(b) (percentage) 

(*)    Provisional data.

32.3  Capital management 

Capital management in the BBVA Group has a twofold aim:  

2019 (*) 

49,701 
724,803 
6.86% 

2018 

45,947 
705,299 
6.51% 

2017 

46,980 
709,758 
6.62% 

Maintain a level of capitalization according to the business objectives in all countries in which it operates and, simultaneously, 

Maximize the return on shareholders’ funds through the efficient allocation of capital to the different units, a good management of 
the  balance  sheet  and  appropriate  use  of  the  various  instruments  forming  the  basis  of  the  Group’s  equity:  shares,  preferred 
securities and subordinated debt. 

P.151 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

This capital management is carried out determining the capital base and the solvency ratios established by the prudential and minimum capital 
requirements also have to be met for the entities subject to prudential supervision in each country. 

The current regulation allows each entity to apply its own internal ratings-based (IRB) approach to risk assessment and capital management, 
subject to Bank of Spain approval. The BBVA Group carries out an integrated management of these risks in accordance with its internal policies 
and its internal capital estimation model has received the Bank of Spain’s approval for certain portfolios (see Note 7). 

33. 

Commitments and guarantees given 

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is as follows: 

Commitments and guarantees given (Millions of Euros) 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Loan commitments given 

Of which: defaulted 

Central banks 
General governments 
Credit institutions 
Other financial corporations  
Non-financial corporations  
Households  

Financial guarantees given (*)  

Of which: defaulted 

Central banks 
General governments 
Credit institutions 
Other financial corporations  
Non-financial corporations 
Households  

Other commitments given  

Of which: defaulted 

Central banks 
General governments 
Credit institutions 
Other financial corporations 
Non-financial corporations 
Households  

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

7.1.2 

Total commitments and guarantees given 

7.1.2 

130,923 
270 
- 
3,117 
11,742 
4,578 
65,475 
46,011 

10,984 
224 
0 
125 
995 
583 
8,986 
295 

39,209 
506 
1 
521 
5,952 
2,902 
29,682 
151 

181,116 

118,959 
247 
- 
2,318 
9,635 
5,664 
58,405 
42,936 

16,454 
332 
2 
159 
1,274 
730 
13,970 
319 

35,098 
408 
1 
248 
5,875 
2,990 
25,723 
261 

170,511 

94,268 
537 
1 
2,198 
946 
3,795 
58,133 
29,195 

16,545 
278 
- 
248 
1,158 
3,105 
11,518 
516 

45,738 
461 
7 
227 
15,330 
3,820 
25,992 
362 

156,551 

(*)  Non-performing financial guarantees given amounted to €730, €740 and €739 million, respectively, as of December 31,   2019, 2018 and 2017.  

As of December 31, 2019, the provisions for loan commitments given, financial guarantees given and other commitments given, recorded in 
the consolidated balance sheet amounted €341 million, €219 million and €151 million, respectively.  

Since  a  significant  portion  of  the  amounts  above  will  expire  without  any  payment  being  made  by  the  consolidated  entities,  the  aggregate 
balance of these commitments cannot be considered to be the actual future requirement for financing or liquidity to be provided by the BBVA 
Group to third parties. 

In the years 2019, 2018 and 2017, no issuance of debt securities carried out by associates of the BBVA Group, joint venture entities or non-
Group entities have been guaranteed,  

34.  Other contingent assets and liabilities 

As of December, 2019, 2018 and 2017 there were no material contingent assets or liabilities other than those disclosed in the accompanying 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.152 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

35.

Purchase and sale commitments and future payment obligations

The breakdown of purchase and sale commitments of the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Purchase and sale commitments (Millions of Euros) 

Financial instruments sold with repurchase commitments 

45,956 

42,993 

40,077 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Financial instruments purchased with resale commitments 

Financial assets held for trading 

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

Financial assets at amortized cost  

Central banks 

Credit institutions 

Loans and advances to customers 

10 

10 

10 

22 

22 

22 

10 

10 

10 

14 

41,902 

7,635 

24,578 

9,689 

4,054 

826 

2,693 

535 

36,815 

10,511 

14,839 

11,466 

6,178 

375 

4,593 

1,209 

35,784 

28,034 

33,941 

535 

21,219 

12,187 

1,843 

- 

1,817 

26 

27,262 

2,163 

13,305 

11,794 

772 

- 

478 

294 

- 

- 

- 

- 

40,077 

6,155 

24,843 

9,079 

26,368 

- 

- 

- 

- 

26,368 

305 

13,861 

12,202 

A breakdown of the maturity of other payment obligations, not included in previous notes, due after December 31, 2019 is provided below: 

Maturity of future payment obligations (Millions of Euros) 

Up to 1 year 

1 to 3 years 

3 to 5 years 

Over 5 years 

Total 

Purchase commitments 

Technology and systems projects 

Other projects 

Total 

23 

4 

19 

23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

23 

4 

19 

23 

36.

Transactions on behalf of third parties

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 the details of the relevant transactions on behalf of third parties are as follows: 

Transactions on behalf of third parties. Breakdown by concepts (Millions of Euros) 

Financial instruments entrusted to BBVA by third parties 

Conditional bills and other securities received for collection 

Securities lending 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

693,377 

628,417 

624,822 

13,133 

7,129 

13,484 

4,866 

14,775 

5,485 

713,639 

646,768 

645,081 

P.153 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

37. 

 Net interest income 

37.1 

Interest and similar income 

The breakdown of the interest and similar income recognized in the accompanying consolidated income statement is as follows: 

Interest and similar income. Breakdown by origin (Millions of Euros) 

Financial assets held for trading 

Financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Insurance activity 

Adjustments of income as a result of hedging transactions  

Other income 

Total 

2019 

2,041 

159 

1,815 

25,698 

1,079 

(74) 

343 

31,061 

2018 

2,057 

148 

1,846 

24,572 

1,141 

(201) 

268 

2017 

1,306 

73 

1,485 

24,485 

1,058 

415 

474 

29,831 

29,296 

The amounts recognized in consolidated equity in connection with hedging derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
and the amounts derecognized from the consolidated equity and taken to the consolidated income statements during those years are included 
in the accompanying “Consolidated statements of recognized income and expenses”. 

37.2 

Interest expense 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Interest expense. Breakdown by origin (Millions of Euros) 

Financial liabilities held for trading  
Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss  
Financial liabilities at amortized cost (*) 
Adjustments of expense as a result of hedging transactions 
Insurance activity 
Cost attributable to pension funds 
Other expense 

Total 

(*) Includes €114 million as of December 31, 2019 corresponding to interest expense on leases (see Note 22.5). 

38.  Dividend income 

2019 

2018 

1,230 
6 
10,805 
(246) 
753 
86 
224 

12,859 

1,211 
41 
10,321 
(352) 
832 
73 
113 

12,239 

2017 

87 
- 
9,729 
665 
732 
79 
245 

11,537 

The balances for this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements correspond to dividends on shares and equity instruments 
other than those from shares in entities accounted for using the equity method (see Note 39), as can be seen in the breakdown below: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.154
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Dividend income (Millions of Euros) 

Dividends from: 

Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

26 

136 

162 

19 

138 

157 

145 

188 

334 

39.

Share of profit or loss of entities accounted for using the equity method

Results from “Share of profit or loss of entities accounted for  using the equity method” resulted in  a negative impact of €42 million  as of 
December 31, 2019, compared with the negative impact of €7 and the positive impact of €4 million recorded as of December 31, 2018 and 
2017, respectively. 

40.

Fee and commission income and expense

The breakdown of the balance under these headings in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Fee and commission income (Millions of Euros) 

Bills receivables 

Demand accounts 

Credit and debit cards and TPVs 

Checks 

Transfers and other payment orders 

Insurance product commissions 

Loan commitments given 

Other commitments and financial guarantees given 

Asset management 

Securities fees 

Custody securities 

Other fees and commissions 

Total 

2019 

2018 

39 

526 

39 

451 

3,083 

2,900 

203 

735 

172 

222 

392 

194 

689 

178 

223 

390 

1,066 

1,023 

319 

123 

642 

325 

122 

598 

2017 

46 

507 

2,834 

212 

648 

200 

231 

396 

923 

385 

122 

645 

7,522 

7,132 

7,150 

The breakdown of fee and commission expense under these heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Fee and commission expense (Millions of Euros) 

Demand accounts 
Credit and debit cards 
Transfers and other payment orders 
Commissions for selling insurance 
Custody securities 
Other fees and commissions 
Total 

2019 

36 
1,662 
150 
54 
30 
557 
2,489 

2018 

39 
1,502 
96 
48 
29 
539 
2,253 

2017 

45 
1,458 
123 
60 
38 
506 
2,229 

P.155 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Gains  (losses)  on  financial  assets  and  liabilities,  hedge  accounting  and  exchange 

41. 
differences, net 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading, by source of the related items, in the accompanying consolidated income statement is as 
follows: 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities, hedge accounting and exchange differences, net. Breakdown by heading (Millions of Euros) 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss, net 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Other financial assets and liabilities  

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net 

Reclassification of financial assets from fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Reclassification of financial assets from amortized cost 

Other gains (losses) 

Gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit 
or loss, net 

Reclassification of financial assets from fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Reclassification of financial assets from amortized cost 

Other gains (losses) 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit 
or loss, net 

Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net  

Subtotal gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities 

Exchange differences 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

239 

65 

173 

451 

- 

- 

451 

143 

- 

- 

143 

(94) 

59 

798 

586 

1,383 

216 

51 

164 

707 

-  

-  

707  

96  

-  

-  

96  

143 

72 

1,234 

(9) 

1,223 

985 

133 

852 

218 

(56) 

(209) 

938 

1,030 

1,968 

The breakdown of the balance (excluding exchange rate differences) under this heading in the accompanying income statements by the nature 
of financial instruments is as follows: 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities. Breakdown by nature of the financial instrument (Millions of Euros) 

Debt instruments 
Equity instruments 
Trading derivatives and hedge accounting 
Loans and advances to customers 
Customer deposits 
Other 
Total 

2019 

972 
1,337 
(1,098) 
103 
(26) 
(490) 
798 

2018 

354 
(253) 
927 
(172) 
240 
138 
1,234 

2017 

545 
845 
(470) 
97 
(96) 
18 
938 

The breakdown of the balance of the impact of the derivatives (trading and hedging) under this heading in the accompanying consolidated 
income statements is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.156 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Derivatives - Hedge accounting (Millions of Euros) 

Derivatives 

Interest rate agreements 

Securities agreements 

Commodity agreements 

Credit derivative agreements 

Foreign-exchange agreements 

Other agreements 

Subtotal 

Hedging derivatives ineffectiveness 

Fair value hedges 

Hedging derivative 

Hedged item 

Cash flow hedges 
Subtotal 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

- 

- 

(64) 

(1,079) 

6 

74 

(60) 

(35) 

(1,158) 

- 

- 

59 
14 

45 

- 
59 

(1,098) 

- 

- 

90 

294 

(2) 

(109) 

606 

(24) 

856 

87 
(150) 

237 

(15) 
72 

927 

165 

(139) 

99 

(564) 

315 

(137) 

(261) 

(177) 
(236) 

59 

(32) 
(209) 

(470) 

In  addition,  in  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019,  2018  and  2017,  under  the  heading  “Exchange  differences,  net"  in  the  accompanying 
consolidated  income  statements  amounts  of  negative  €225  million,  positive  €113  million  and  positive  €235  million,  respectively,  were 
recognized for transactions with foreign exchange trading derivatives. 

42.  Other operating income and expense  

The breakdown of the balance under the heading “Other operating income” in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Other operating income (Millions of Euros) 

Gains from sales of non-financial services 

Of which: Real estate 

Other operating income 

Of which: Hyperinflation adjustment  (*) 

Total 

(*) See Note 2.2.20 

2019 

2018 

258 

91 

413 

146 

671 

458 

283 

491 

120 

949 

2017 

1,109 

884 

330 

- 

1,439 

The  breakdown  of  the  balance  under  the  heading  “Other  operating  expense”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income  statements  is  as 
follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.157 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Other operating expense (Millions of Euros) 

Change in inventories 

Of which: Real estate 

Other operating expense 

Of which: Contributions to guaranteed banks deposits funds  

Of which: Hyperinflation adjustment (*) 

Total 

(*) See Note 2.2.20 

2019 

2018 

107 

68 

1,899 

770 

538 

2,006 

292 

248 

1,808 

727 

494 

2,101 

2017 

886 

816 

1,337 

703 

31 

2,223 

43. 

Income and expense from insurance and reinsurance contracts 

The  detail  of  the  headings  “Income  and  expense  from  insurance  and  reinsurance  contracts”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income 
statements is as follows: 

Other operating income and expense on insurance and reinsurance contracts (Millions of Euros) 

Income on insurance and reinsurance contracts 

Expense on insurance and reinsurance contracts 

Total 

2019 

2,890 

(1,751) 

1,138 

2018 

2,949 

(1,894) 

1,055 

2017 

3,342 

(2,272) 

1,069 

The table below shows the contribution of each insurance product to the Group´s income for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017: 

Income by type of insurance product (Millions of Euros) 

Life insurance 

Individual 

Savings 

Risk 

Group insurance 

Savings 

Risk 

Non-Life insurance 

Home insurance 

Other non-life insurance products 

Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

631 

477 

116 

361 

154 

26 

127 

508 

90 

418 

682 

486 

56 

430 

196 

39 

157 

373 

110 

263 

604 

346 

38 

308 

258 

(4) 

263 

464 

118 

346 

1,138 

1,055 

1,069 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.158 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

44.  Administration costs 

44.1 Personnel expense 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows:  

Personnel expense (Millions of Euros) 

Wages and salaries 

Social security costs 

Defined contribution plan expense 

Defined benefit plan expense 

Other personnel expense 

Total 

Notes 

25 

25 

2019 

4,920 

780 

113 

50 

478 

2018 

4,786 

722 

89 

58 

465 

2017 

5,163 

761 

87 

62 

497 

6,340 

6,120 

6,571 

The breakdown of the average number of employees in the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Average number of employees 

Spanish banks 
Management Team 
Other line personnel 
Clerical staff 
Branches abroad 
Subtotal 

Companies abroad 
Mexico 
The United States 
Turkey 
Venezuela 
Argentina 
Colombia 
Peru 
Other 
Subtotal 

Pension fund managers 
Other non-banking companies 

2019 

2018 

2017 

1,049  
21,438  
2,626  
1,000  
26,114 

33,377  
9,712  
22,026  
2,806  
6,193  
5,301  
5,976  
1,605  
86,995 

396  
12,638  

1,047  
21,840  
2,818  
589  
26,294 

31,655  
9,786  
22,322  
3,631  
6,074  
5,185  
5,879  
3,767  
88,299 

395  
14,349  

1,026  
22,180  
3,060  
603  
26,869 

30,664  
9,532  
23,154  
4,379  
6,173  
5,374  
5,571  
5,501  
90,348 

362  
14,925  

The breakdown of the number of employees in the BBVA Group as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 by category and gender is as follows: 

Number of employees at the year end. Professional category and gender 

Management team 

Other line personnel 

Clerical staff 
Total 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

1,164 

38,153 

19,414 
58,731 

344 

39,644 

28,254 
68,242 

1,197 

37,461 

19,315 
57,973 

339 

38,918 

28,397 
67,654 

1,244 

38,670 

20,639 
60,553 

342 

39,191 

31,770 
71,303 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.159 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

44.1.1 

Share-based employee remuneration 

The amounts recognized under the heading “Administration costs - Personnel expense - Other personnel expense” in the consolidated income 
statements for the year ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, corresponding  to the remuneration plans based on equity instruments in 
each year, amounted to €31 million, €29 million and €38 million, respectively. These amounts have been recognized with a corresponding 
entry under the heading “Shareholders’ funds - Other equity instruments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, net of tax effect. 

The characteristics of the Group's remuneration plans based on equity instruments are described below. 

System of Variable Remuneration in Shares  

BBVA has a specific remuneration system applicable to those employees whose professional activities may have a material impact on the risk 
profile  of  the  Group  (hereinafter  “Identified  Staff”),  designed  within  the  framework  of  applicable  regulations  to  credit  institutions  and 
considering best practices and recommendations at the local and international levels in this matter. 

In 2019, this remuneration scheme is reflected in the following remuneration policies:  

BBVA Group Remuneration Policy, approved by the Board of Directors on 29 of November 2017, that applies in general to all 
employees of BBVA and of its subsidiaries that form part of the consolidated group. This policy includes in a specific chapter the 
remuneration system applicable to the members of BBVA Group Identified Staff, including Senior Management.  

BBVA Directors’ Remuneration Policy, approved by the Board of Directors and by the General Shareholders’ Meeting held on 
March 15, 2019, that it’s applicable to BBVA Directors. The remuneration system for executive directors corresponds, generally, 
with the applicable system to the Identified Staff, to which they belong, incorporating some particularities of their own, derived 
from their condition of directors. 

The Annual Variable Remuneration for the Identified Staff members is subject to specific rules for settlement and payment established in their 
corresponding remuneration policies, specifically: 

Variable remuneration for Identified Staff members for each financial year will be subject to ex ante adjustments, so that it shall be 
reduced at the time of the performance assessment in the event of negative performance of the Group’s results or other 
parameters such as the level of achievement of budgeted targets, and it shall not accrue or it will accrue in a reduced amount, 
should certain level of profits and capital ratios not be achieved.  

60% of the Annual Variable Remuneration will be paid, if conditions are met, in the year following that to which it corresponds (the 
“Upfront Portion”). For executive directors, members of the Senior Management and Identified Staff members with particularly 
high variable remuneration, the Upfront Portion will be 40% of the Annual Variable Remuneration. The remaining portion will be 
deferred in time (hereinafter, the “Deferred Component”) for a 5 year-period for executive directors and members of the Senior 
Management, and 3 years for the remaining Identified Staff.  

50% of the Annual Variable Remuneration, both the Upfront Portion and the Deferred Component, shall be established in BBVA 
shares. As regards executive directors and Senior Management, 60% of the Deferred Component shall be established in shares. 

Shares received as Annual Variable Remuneration shall be withheld for a one-year period after delivery, except for the transfer of 
those shares required to honor the payment taxes. 

The Deferred Component of the Annual Variable Remuneration may be reduced in its entirety, but never increased, based on the 
result of multi-year performance indicators aligned with the Group’s core risk management and control metrics related to the 
solvency, capital, liquidity, profitability or to the share performance and the recurring results of the Group. 

Resulting cash portions of the Deferred Component of Annual Variable Remuneration and subject to the multi-year performance 
indicators, finally delivered, shall be updated following the Consumer Price Index (CPI), measured as the year-on-year change 
prices, as agreed by the Board of Directors.  

The entire Annual Variable Remuneration shall be subject to malus and clawback arrangements during the whole deferral and 
withholding period, both linked to a downturn in the financial performance of the Bank as a whole, of a specific unit or area, or of 
exposure generated by an Identified Staff member, when such a downturn in financial performance arises from any of the 
circumstances expressly named in the remuneration policies. 

No personal hedging strategies or insurances shall be used in connection with remuneration or liability that may undermine the 
effects of alignment with sound risk management. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.160
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The variable component of the remuneration for a financial year shall be limited to a maximum amount of 100% of the fixed 
component of the total remuneration, unless the General Meeting resolves to increase this percentage up to a maximum of 200%. 

In this regard, the General Meeting held on March, 15, 2019 resolved to increase this limit to a maximum level of 200% of the fixed component 
of the total remuneration for a given number of the Identified Staff members, in the terms indicated in the report issued for this purpose by the 
Board of Directors dated February 11, 2019. 

According to the settlement and payment scheme indicated, during 2019, a total amount of 5,236,123 BBVA shares corresponding to the 
Upfront Portion of 2018 Annual Variable Remuneration has been delivered to the Identified Staff. 

Additionally, according to the Remuneration Policy applicable in 2015, during 2019 a total amount of 3,575,777 BBVA shares corresponding to 
the  Deferred  Component  of  2015  Variable  Remuneration  has  been  delivered  to  the  Identifies  Staff.  This  amount  has  been  subject  to  a 
downward  adjustment  due  to  the  multi-year  performance  evaluation  of  one  of  the  long-time  indicators,  relative  TSR,  which  scale  has 
determined a downward adjustment of the Deferred Component linked to this indicator in a 10%. 

Likewise, the aforesaid policy established that the deferred amounts in shares of the Annual Variable Remuneration finally vested, subject to 
multi-year performance indicators, will be updated in cash, based on the terms established by the Board of Directors. In this regard, during 
2019 a total amount of 3,003,646 euros has been delivered to the Identified Staff as updates of the corresponding shares of the Deferred 
Component of 2015 Annual Variable Remuneration. 

Detailed information on the delivery of shares to executive directors and Senior Management is included in Note 54. 

Lastly, in line with specific regulation applicable in Portugal and Brazil, BBVA has identified the staff in these countries whose Annual Variable 
Remuneration should be subject to a specific settlement and payment scheme, more specifically: 

A percentage of the Annual Variable Remuneration is subject to a three years deferral that shall be paid yearly over the mentioned 
period. 

50% of the Annual Variable Remuneration, both the Upfront Portion and Deferred Component, shall be established in BBVA 
Shares. 

Both the Upfront Portion and the Deferred Component of the Annual Variable Remuneration may be subject to update 
adjustments in cash. 

According to this remuneration scheme, during financial year 2019 a total of 21,916 BBVA shares corresponding to the Upfront Portion of 2018 
Annual Variable Remuneration have been delivered to this staff in Portugal and Brazil. 

Additionally, during 2019 there have been delivered to this staff in Portugal and Brazil a total of 9,717 BBVA shares corresponding to the first 
third of the Deferred Component of 2017 Annual Variable Remuneration, as well as 2,435 euros as adjustments for updates. A total of 12,365 
BBVA  shares  corresponding  to  the  second  third  of  the  Deferred  Component  of  2016  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  and  5,810  euros  as 
adjustments for updates; and a total of 10,460 BBVA shares corresponding to the last third of the Deferred Component of 2015 Annual Variable 
Remuneration and 8,786 euros as adjustments for updates.  

44.2  Other administrative expense 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Other administrative expense (Millions of Euros) 

Technology and systems 
Communications  
Advertising 
Property, fixtures and materials 

Of which: Rent expense (*) 

Taxes other than income tax 
Other expense 

Total 

(*) The change is mainly due to the implementation of IFRS 16 on January 1, 2019 (see Note 2.1). 

2019 

1,216 
218 
317 
552 

106 

401 
1,258 

3,963 

2018 

1,133 
235 
336 
982 

552 

417 
1,271 

4,374 

2017 

1,018 
269 
352 
1,033 

581 

456 
1,412 

4,541 

P.161
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

45. Depreciation and amortization

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows:  

Depreciation and amortization (Millions of Euros) 

Tangible assets 

For own use 

Investment properties 

Right-of-use assets (*) 

Other Intangible assets 

Total  

Notes 

17 

18.2 

2019 

2018 

2017 

979 

584 

3 

392 

620 

1,599 

594 

589 

5 

613 

1,208 

694 

680 

13 

694 

1,387 

(*) The change is mainly due to the implementation of IFRS 16 on January 1, 2019 (see Note 2.1). 

46. Provisions or (reversal) of provisions

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the net provisions recognized in this income statement line item were as follows: 

Provisions or (reversal) of provisions (Millions of Euros) 

Pensions and other post employment defined benefit obligations 
Commitments and guarantees given 
Pending legal issues and tax litigation 
Other provisions  
Total 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

25  

214 
93 
170 
140 
617 

125 
(48) 
133 
163 
373 

2017 

343 
(313) 
318 
397 
745

47.

Impairment  or  (reversal)  of  impairment  on  financial  assets  not  measured  at  fair  value

through profit or loss or net gains by modification

The breakdown of impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss by the nature of 
those assets in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Impairment or (reversal) of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss or net gains by modification 
(Millions of Euros) 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Debt securities 

Equity instruments 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Of which: recovery of written-off assets 

Held to maturity investments 
Total 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

82 

82 

1 

1 

7.1.5 

4,069 

919 

3,980 

589 

4,151 

3,981 

1,127 

(4) 

1,131 

3,677 

558 

(1) 

4,803 

48.

Impairment or (reversal) of impairment on non-financial assets

The  impairment  losses  on  non-financial  assets  broken  down  by  the  nature  of  those  assets  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income 
statements are as follows: 

P.162 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Impairment or (reversal) of impairment on non-financial assets (Millions of Euros) 

Tangible assets 
Intangible assets (*) 
Others    

Total 

Notes 

2019 

2018 

2017 

17 

20 

94 
1,330 
23 
1,447 

5 
83 
51 
138 

42 
16 
306 
364 

(*) The balance of 2019 mainly corresponds to the impairment of the CGU in The United States (see Note 18). 

49.  Gains (losses) on derecognition of non financial assets and subsidiaries, net 

The breakdown of the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements is as follows: 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of non-financial assets and subsidiaries, net (Millions of Euros) 

Gains 

Disposal of investments in non-consolidated subsidiaries 

Disposal of tangible assets and other 

Losses 

Disposal of investments in non-consolidated subsidiaries 

Disposal of tangible assets and other 

Total  

2019 

2018 

2017 

- 

9 

27 

- 

(2) 

(37) 

(3) 

- 

55 

81 

- 

(13) 

(45) 

78 

- 

38 

69 

- 

(27) 

(33) 

47 

50.  Gain (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale not 

qualifying as discontinued operations 

The main items included in the balance under this heading in the accompanying consolidated income statements are as follows: 

Gain (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale not qualifying as discontinued operations (Millions of 
Euros) 

Gains on sale of real estate 
Impairment of non-current assets held for sale 

Gains (losses) on sale of investments classified as non-current assets held for 
sale (*) 

Gains on sale of equity instruments classified as non-current assets held for 
sale 

Total 

Notes 

21 

2019 
89 
(77) 

10 

- 

21 

2018 
129 
(208) 

894 

- 

815 

2017 
102 
(158) 

82 

- 

26 

(*) 

The variation in year 2018 is mainly due to the sale of the BBVA stake in BBVA Chile (see Note 3). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.163
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see 
Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

51. Consolidated statements of cash flows

In the consolidated statements of cash flows, balance of “Cash equivalent in central banks” includes short-term deposits at central banks 
recorded  under  the  heading  "Financial  assets  at  amortized  cost"  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  and  does  not  include 
demand deposits with credit institutions recorded in the heading "Cash, balances in cash at Central Bank and other demand deposits". 

The variation between 2019 and 2018 of the financial liabilities from financing activities is the following: 

Liabilities from financing activities (Millions of Euros) 

Non-cash changes 

Liabilities at amortized cost: Debt certificates 

61,112  

2,643  

- 

- 

December 
31, 2018 

Cash 
flows  

Acquisition  Disposal 

Foreign 
exchange 
movement 
209  

December 
31, 2019 

Fair value 
changes 

-

63,963 

Of which: Issuances of subordinated liabilities (*)  
(*) Additionally, there are €384 million of issuances of subordinated liabilities as of December 2019 (see Note 22 and Appendix VI). The €40 million subordinated issuances of BBVA 
Paraguay as of December 2019 are recorded in the heading "Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale".  

17,635  

(190) 

229  

- 

-

-

17,675

Liabilities from financing activities (Millions of Euros) 

Liabilities at amortized cost: Debt 
certificates 

Of which: Issuances of subordinated 
liabilities (*)  

December 
31, 2017 

Cash 
flows  

Acquisition  Disposal 

Foreign 
exchange 
movement 

Fair value 
changes 

December 31, 
2018 

Non-cash changes 

61,649  

2,152  

17,443  

857  

-

-

(1,828) 

(862) 

(694) 

29  

-

-

61,112  

17,635

(*) Additionally, there were €411 million of issuances of subordinated liabilities as of December 2019 (see Note 22 and Appendix VI). The €574 million subordinated issuances of BBVA Chile 
as of December 2019 were recorded in the heading "Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale". 

P.164
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

52. Accountant fees and services

The details of the fees for the services contracted by entities of the BBVA Group for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
with their respective auditors and other audit entities are as follows: 

Fees for Audits conducted and other related services (Millions of euros) (**) 

Audits of the companies audited by firms belonging to the KPMG worldwide 
organization and other reports related with the audit (*) 

Other reports required pursuant to applicable legislation and tax regulations 
issued by the national supervisory bodies of the countries in which the Group 
operates, reviewed by firms belonging to the KPMG worldwide organization 
Fees for audits conducted by other firms 

2019 

28.1 

1.5 

-

2018 

26.1 

1.5 

0.1

2017 

27.2 

1.9 

0.1  

(*) 

Including fees pertaining to annual legal audits (€24.1, €22.4 and €22.6 million as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively). 

(**) 

Regardless of the billed year. 

In the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, certain entities in the BBVA Group contracted other services (other than audits) 
as follows: 

Other services rendered (Millions of Euros) 

Firms belonging to the KPMG worldwide organization 

2019 

0.3 

2018 

2017 

0.3 

0.5 

This  total  of  contracted  services includes  the  detail  of  the  services  provided  by  KPMG  Auditores,  S.L.  to  BBVA,  S.A.  or  its  controlled 
companies at the date of preparation of these consolidated financial statements as follows: 

Fees for audits conducted (*) (Millions of Euros) 

Legal audit of BBVA,S.A. or its companies under control 

Other audit services of BBVA, S.A. or its companies under control 

Limited Review of BBVA, S.A. or its companies under control 

Reports related to issuances 

Assurance services and other required by the regulator 

Other  

2019 

2018 

2017 

6.5 

5.5 

0.9 

0.3 

0.8 

- 

6.7 

5.9 

1.1 

0.3 

0.9 

- 

6.8 

5.0 

0.9 

0.4 

0.6 

- 

(*)    Services provided by KPMG Auditores, S.L. to companies located in Spain, to the branch of BBVA in New York and to the branch of BBVA in London. 

The services provided by the auditors meet the independence requirements of the external auditor established under Audit of Accounts 
Law (Law 22/2015) and under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). 

P.165
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
53.

Related-party transactions

As financial institutions, BBVA and other entities in the Group engage in transactions with related parties in the normal course of their 
business. These transactions are not relevant and are carried out under normal market conditions. As of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 
2017 the following are the transactions with related parties: 

53.1 Transactions with significant shareholders 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, there were no shareholders considered significant (see Note 26). 

53.2 Transactions with BBVA Group entities 

The balances of the main captions in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets arising from the transactions carried out by the 
BBVA Group with associates and joint venture entities accounted for using the equity method are as follows: 

Balances arising from transactions with entities of the Group (Millions of Euros) 

Assets 
Loans and advances to credit institutions 
Loans and advances to customers 

Liabilities 
Deposits from credit institutions 
Customer deposits 
Debt certificates  

Memorandum accounts 

Contingent commitments 

Other contingent commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

2019 

2018 

2017 

26 
1,682 

3 
453 
- 

166 

1,042 

106 

132 
1,866 

2 
521 
- 

152 

1,358 

78 

91 
510 

5 
428 
- 

114 

1,175 

78 

The balances of the main aggregates in the accompanying consolidated income statements resulting from transactions with associates 
and joint venture entities that are accounted for under the equity method are as follows: 

Balances of consolidated income statement arising from transactions with entities of the Group (Millions of Euros) 

Income statement 
Interest and other income 

Interest expense 
Fee and commission income 
Fee and commission expense 

2019 

2018 

2017 

19 
1 
4 
53 

55 
2 
5 
48 

26 
1 
5 
49 

There were no other material effects in the consolidated financial statements arising from dealings with these entities, other than the 
effects from using the equity method (see Note 2.1) and from the insurance policies to cover pension or similar commitments (see Note 
25) and the derivatives transactions arranged by BBVA Group with these entities, associates and joint ventures. 

In  addition,  as  part  of  its  normal  activity,  the  BBVA  Group  has  entered  into  agreements  and  commitments  of  various  types  with 
shareholders of subsidiaries and associates, which have no material effects on the accompanying consolidated financial statements. 

53.3 Transactions with members of the Board of Directors and Senior Management 

The amount and nature of the transactions carried out with members of the Board of Directors and Senior Management of BBVA is given 
below.  These  transactions  belong  to  the  Bank's  ordinary  business  or  traffic,  are  of  little  relevance  and  have  being  carried  out  under 
normal market conditions. 

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the amount availed against the loans granted by the Group’s entities to the members of the Board of 
Directors amounted  to €607 and €611 thousand, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, there were no loans granted by the Group’s 
entities to the members of the Board of Directors.  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, there were no loans granted to parties related to the members of the Board of Directors. 

P.166 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the amount availed against the loans granted by the Group’s entities to the members of Senior 
Management (excluding the executive directors) amounted to €4,414, €3,783 and €4,049 thousand, respectively. The amount availed 
against the loans granted to parties related to members of the Senior Management on those same dates amounted to €57, €69 and €85 
thousand, respectively. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 no guarantees had been granted to any member of the Board of Directors. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the amount availed against guarantees arranged with members of the Senior Management 
amounted to €10, €38 and €28 thousand, respectively. 

As of December 31, 2019 the amount availed against commercial loans and guarantees arranged with parties related to the members of 
the Bank’s Board of Directors and the Senior Management totaled to €25 thousand. As of December 31, 2018, no commercial loans and 
guarantees has been granted to  parties related to the members of the Bank’s Board of Directors and the Senior Management. As of 
December 31, 2017 the amount availed against commercial loans and guarantees arranged with parties related to the members of the 
Bank’s Board of Directors and the Senior Management totaled €8 thousand. 

The information on the remuneration of the members of the BBVA Board of Directors and Senior Management is included in Note 54. 

53.4 Transactions with other related parties 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Group did not conduct any transactions with other related parties that are not in the ordinary 
course of its business, which were not carried out at arm's-length market conditions and of marginal relevance; whose information is not 
necessary to give a true picture of the BBVA Group’s consolidated net equity, net earnings and financial situation.   

P.167 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

54  Remuneration and other benefits for the Board of Directors and members of the Bank's 

Senior Management 

  Remuneration received by non-executive directors in 2019 

The  remunerations  paid  to  non-executive  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  during  the  2019  financial  year  are  indicated  below, 
individualized and itemized:  

Remuneration for non-executive directors (Thousands of Euros) 

Board of 
Directors 

Executive 
Committee 

Audit 
Committee  

Risk and 
Compliance 
Committee 

Remunerations 
Committee  

Appointments 
and Corporate 
Governance 
Committee 

Technology and 
Cybersecurity 
Committee 

Other 
functions 
(1) 

Total 

Tomás Alfaro Drake 

José Miguel Andrés 
Torrecillas  
Jaime Caruana 
Lacorte  

Belén Garijo López 

Sunir Kumar Kapoor  

Carlos Loring 
Martínez de Irujo 

Lourdes Máiz Carro 

José Maldonado 
Ramos 

Ana Peralta Moreno  

Juan Pi Llorens  

Susana Rodríguez 
Vidarte  

Jan Verplancke  

Total (2) 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 

129 
1,545 

104 

110 

68 

68 

68 

24 

107 

107 

107 

214 

107 

167 

167 

167 

167 

43 

107 

43 

43 

43 

111 

45 

14 

45 

31 

45 

33 

43 

14 

43 

43 

53 

214 

483 

527 

348 

172 

445 

253 

340 

240 

493 

447 

667 

442 

642 

278 

289 

43 
186 

172 
4,134 

87 

(1) 

(2) 

Amounts received during the 2019 financial year by José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas, in his capacity as Deputy Chair of the Board of Directors, and by 
Juan Pi Llorens, in his capacity as Lead Director, positions for which they were appointed by resolution of the Board of Directors on 29 April 2019.  

This includes the amounts corresponding to the position of member of the Board and of the various committees during the 2019 financial year. By 
resolution of the Board of Directors on 29 April 2019, the functions of some Board committees were redistributed, and their associated remunerations 
adapted to these changes in some cases. 

Also, during the 2019 financial year, €104 thousand have been paid out in casualty and healthcare insurance premiums for non-executive 
members of the Board of Directors. 

  Remuneration received by executive directors in 2019 

Over the course of financial year 2019, the executive directors have received the amount of the Annual Fixed Remuneration corresponding 
to said financial year, established for each director in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors, which was approved by the General 
Meeting held on 15 March 2019. 

In  addition,  the  executive  directors  have  received  their  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  (AVR)  for  the  2018  financial  year,  which,  in 
accordance with the settlement and payment system set out in the remuneration policy applicable to said year, was due to be paid to 
them during the 2019 financial year.  

In application of this settlement and payment system: 

• 

• 

40% of the 2018 Annual Variable Remuneration corresponding to executive directors has been paid in the 2019 financial year 
(the "Upfront Portion"); in equal parts in cash and BBVA shares. 

The remaining 60% of the Annual Variable Remuneration has been deferred (40% in cash and 60% in shares) for a period of 
five  years,  and  its  accrual  and  payment  will  be  subject  to  compliance  with  a  series  of  multi-year  indicators  (the  "Deferred 
Portion"). The application of these indicators, calculated over the first three years of deferral, may lead to a reduction of the 
Deferred Portion, even in its entirety, but in no event may such amount be increased. Provided that the relevant conditions have 
been met, the resulting amount will then be paid, in cash and in BBVA shares, according to the following payment schedule: 
60% in 2022, 20% in 2023 and the remaining 20% in 2024. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.168 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

All the shares delivered to the executive directors as Annual Variable Remuneration, both as part of the Upfront Portion and the 
Deferred Portion, will be withheld for a period of one year after their delivery; this will not apply to those shares transferred to 
honor the payment of taxes arising therefrom. 

The  Deferred  Portion  of  the  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  payable  in  cash  will  be  subject  to  updating  under  the  terms 
established by the Board of Directors. 

Executive  directors  may  not  use  personal  hedging  strategies  or  insurance  in  connection  with  the  remuneration  and 
responsibility that may undermine the effects of alignment with prudent risk management. 

The variable component of the remuneration for executive directors corresponding to the 2018 financial year is limited to a 
maximum amount of 200% of the fixed component of the total remuneration, as agreed by the General Shareholders' Meeting 
held during that financial year. 

Over the entire deferral and withholding period, the Annual Variable Remuneration for the executive directors will be subject to 
variable remuneration reduction and recovery arrangements (malus and clawback). 

Additionally, upon receipt of the shares, executive directors will not be allowed to transfer a number equivalent to twice their Annual Fixed 
Remuneration for at least three years after their delivery. 

Similarly, in accordance with the  Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors applicable in 2015 and in  application of the settlement and 
payment system of the Annual Variable Remuneration for said financial year, the Group Executive Chairman and the executive director 
Head of Global Economics & Public Affairs ("Head of GE&PA") have received in 2019 the deferred Annual Variable Remuneration for the 
2015 financial year, delivery of which was due that year (50% of the Annual Variable Remuneration), after being adjusted downwards 
following  the  result  of  the  TSR  indicator.  This  remuneration  has  been  paid  in  equal  parts  in  cash  and  in  shares,  together  with  the 
corresponding update in cash, thus concluding payment of the Annual Variable Remuneration to  the executive directors for the  2015 
financial year. 

In  accordance  with  the  above,  the  remunerations  paid  to  executive  directors  during  the  2019  financial  year  are  indicated  below, 
individualized and itemized: 

Annual Fixed Remuneration for 2019 (Thousands of Euros) 

Group Executive Chairman 

Chief Executive Officer  

Director de GE&PA 

Total 

2,453 

2,179 

834 

5,466 

In addition, in accordance with the current Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors, during the 2019 financial year, the Chief Executive 
Officer (Consejero Delegado) has received the corresponding amounts of fixed remuneration for the concepts of cash in lieu of pension, 
given that he does not have a retirement pension (see the Pension Commitments section of this Note), and mobility allowance. The Bank 
therefore paid the Chief Executive Officer the amount of €654 thousand and €506 thousand, respectively, for these concepts during the 
2019 financial year. 

Annual Variable Remuneration for 2018  

Group Executive Chairman  

Chief Executive Officer (2) 

Head of GE&PA  

Total 

In cash (1) 
(thousands of Euros) 

In shares (1) 

479 

200 

79 

758 

100,436 

41,267 

16,641 

158,344 

(1)  Remunerations corresponding to the upfront portion (40%) of the AVR for the 2018 financial year (50% paid in cash and 50% in BBVA shares). 
For  the  Group  Executive  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  Officer,  these  variable  remunerations  are  linked  to  their  previous  positions  as  Chief 
Executive Officer and President & CEO of BBVA USA, respectively. 

(2)  Remuneration received in US dollars. Data in thousands of Euros is for information purposes.  

 
 
 
 
 
P.169 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Deferred Annual Variable Remuneration for 2015 

Group Executive Chairman 
Head of GE&PA 

Total 

In cash (1) 
(thousands of Euros) 

In shares (1) 

612 

113 

725 

79,157 

14,667 

93,824 

(1)  Remunerations corresponding to deferred AVR for financial year 2015 (50% of the AVR for 2015, in equal parts in cash and shares), payment of 
which was due in 2019, together with its corresponding update in cash, and after its downward adjustment following the result of the TSR indicator. 
For the Group Executive Chairman, these variable remunerations relate to his previous position as Chief Executive Officer. 

In  addition,  the  executive  directors  received  remuneration  in  kind  throughout  financial  year  2019,  including  insurance  premiums  and 
others, amounting to a total of €411 thousand, of which €184 thousand correspond to the Group Executive Chairman, €144 thousand to 
the Chief Executive Officer and €83 thousand to the executive director Head of GE&PA.  

  Remuneration received by Senior Management in 2019  

During  the  2019  financial  year,  the  members  of  Senior  Management,  excluding  executive  directors,  have  received  the  amount  of  the 
Annual Fixed Remuneration corresponding to that financial year. 

In addition, they have received the Annual Variable Remuneration for financial year 2018, which, in accordance with the settlement and 
payment system set out in the remuneration policy applicable for said financial year, was due to be paid to them during financial year 
2019.  

Under this settlement and payment system, the same rules as set out above for executive directors are applicable. These include, among 
others: 40% of the Annual Variable Remuneration, in equal parts in cash and in BBVA shares, will be paid in the financial year following the 
year to which it corresponds (the "Upfront Portion"), and the remaining 60% will be deferred (40% in cash and 60% in shares) for a five-
year period, with its accrual and  payment being subject to compliance with a series of multi-year indicators (the "Deferred Portion"), 
applying the same payment schedule established for executive directors. The shares received will be withheld for a period of one year 
(this will not apply to those shares transferred to honour the payment of taxes arising therefrom). Likewise, senior management may not 
use personal hedging strategies or insurance in connection with the remuneration; the variable component of the remuneration for Senior 
Management corresponding to financial year 2018 will be limited to a maximum amount of 200% of the fixed component of the total 
remuneration; and over the entire deferral and withholding period, the Annual Variable Remuneration will be subject to reduction and 
recovery (malus and clawback) arrangements. 

Similarly, in accordance with the remuneration policy applicable to the executive directors in 2015 and in application of the settlement and 
payment  system  of  the  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  for  said  financial  year,  the  members  of  the  Senior  Management  who  were 
beneficiaries of such remuneration, have received in 2019 the deferred portion of the Annual Variable Remuneration for financial year 
2015, after being adjusted downwards following the result of the TSR indicator, in equal parts in cash and in shares, along with its update 
in cash, concluding the payment of this remuneration to the members of the Senior Management. 

In accordance with the above, the remuneration paid during the 2019 financial year to all members of the Senior Management as a whole, 
who held that position as of 31 December 2019 (15 members), excluding executive directors, is indicated below (itemized): 

Annual Fixed Remuneration for 2019 (thousands of Euros)  

Senior Management total 

13,883 

Annual Variable Remuneration for 2018  

Senior Management total 

In cash  
(thousands of Euros) 

In shares  

887 

185,888 

(1)  Remunerations corresponding to the upfront portion (40%) of the AVR for financial year 2018 (paid 50% in cash and 50% in BBVA shares). For those 
members of the Senior Management who were appointed by the Board of Directors on 20 December 2018 and 29 April, 30 July and 19 December 
2019, this remuneration relates to their previous positions. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.170 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Annual Variable Remuneration for 2015  

Senior Management total 

In cash  
(thousands of Euros) 

In shares  

1,263 

163,215 

(1)  Remunerations  corresponding  to  deferred  AVR  for  financial  year  2015  (50%  of  the  AVR  for  2015, in  equal  parts  in  cash  and  in 
shares), payment of which was due in 2019, together with its corresponding update in cash, and after its downward adjustment 
following the result of the TSR indicator.  

In addition, all members of Senior Management, excluding executive directors, have received remuneration in kind throughout the 2019 
financial year, including insurance premiums and others, amounting to a total of €769 thousand.  

Remunerations of executive directors due in 2020 and subsequent financial years 

•  Annual Variable Remuneration for executive directors for the 2019 financial year 

Following year-end 2019, the Annual Variable Remuneration for executive directors corresponding to said period has been determined, 
applying the conditions set out in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors approved by the General Meeting on 15 March 2019. As in 
the previous financial year, the following settlement and payment system applies to this remuneration:  

•  The Upfront Portion (40% of the 2019 Annual Variable Remuneration) will be paid, provided that the conditions are met, during the 
first quarter of 2020, in equal parts in cash and in shares, which amounts to €636 thousand and 126,470 BBVA shares in the case of 
the Group Executive Chairman; €571 thousand and 113,492 BBVA shares in the case of the Chief Executive Officer and €75 thousand 
and 14,998 BBVA shares in the case of the Head of GE&PA. 

•  The remaining 60% of the 2019 Annual Variable Remuneration will be deferred (40% in cash and 60% in shares) over a five-year 
period (Deferred Portion), subject to compliance with the multi-year performance indicators determined by the Board of Directors at 
the start of financial year 2019, which may lead to a reduction in the Deferred Portion, even in its entirety, but in no event may such 
amount be increased. These multi-year performance indicators will be calculated over the first three years of deferral and, provided 
that  the relevant conditions have been met,  the resulting amount  will then be paid, in cash and  in  BBVA shares, according to  the 
following payment schedule: 60% after the third year of deferral; 20% after the fourth year of deferral; and the remaining 20% after 
the fifth year of deferral. All the above is subject to the settlement and payment system set out in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA 
Directors, which includes, among others, malus and clawback arrangements and retention periods for the shares.  

The amounts corresponding to  the deferred shares are detailed in the section "Other capital instruments  – Remunerations based on 
Capital Instruments" and the cash part in "Other Liabilities/Other Accruals" in the consolidated balance sheet as of 31 December 2019. 

•  Deferred Annual Variable Remuneration of executive directors for financial year 2016  

Following  year-end  2019,  the  deferred  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  of  executive  directors  for  financial  year  2016  (50%)  has  been 
determined, with delivery, if conditions are met, during financial year 2020, subject to the conditions established for this purpose in the 
remuneration policy applicable in that financial year.  

Thus, based on the result of each of the multi-year performance indicators set by the Board in 2016 to calculate the deferred portion of 
this  remuneration,  and  in  application  of  the  relevant  scales  of  achievement  and  their  corresponding  targets  and  weightings,  the  final 
amount  of  the  deferred  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  for  financial  year  2016  has  been  determined,  following  the  corresponding 
downward adjustment as a consequence of the result of the TSR indicator. As a result, such remuneration, including the corresponding 
updates, has been determined in an amount of €656 thousand and 89,158 BBVA shares in the case of the Group Executive Chairman; 
€204 thousand and 31,086 BBVA shares in the case of the Chief Executive Officer; and €98 thousand and 13,355 BBVA shares in the case 
of the Head of GE&PA. With these amounts paid, there will be no more outstanding payments due to the executive directors in respect of 
Annual Variable Remuneration for the 2016 financial year. 

Lastly, as at year-end 2019, in addition to the abovementioned Deferred Portion of the Annual Variable Remuneration of the executive 
directors for financial year 2019 and in accordance with the conditions established in the remuneration policies applicable in previous 
years,  60%  of  the  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  corresponding  to  financial  years  2017  and  2018  has  been  deferred  and  is  pending 
payment  to the executive directors and will be received in future years, if the applicable conditions are met. 

Remunerations of Senior Management due in 2020 and subsequent financial years 

•  Annual Variable Remuneration of Senior Management for financial year 2019 

Following  year-end  2019,  the  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  of  Senior  Management  corresponding  to  said  financial  year  has  been 
determined (15 members as of 31 December 2019, excluding executive directors). The Annual Variable Remuneration for all members of 
the Senior Management, excluding executive directors, has been determined to be a combined total amount of €6,363 thousand. 

The 2019 Annual Variable Remuneration for each member of Senior Management will be paid, in the first quarter of 2020, in accordance 
with  the  settlement  and  payment  system  applicable  in  each  case  and  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  BBVA  Group's 
Remuneration Policy, if the applicable conditions are met, in an amount equal to €1,291 thousand and 257,907 BBVA shares (Upfront 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.171 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Portion). The remaining amount will be deferred and subject to the remaining conditions of the settlement and payment system of the 
applicable Annual Variable Remuneration. 

•  Determination of the Deferred Annual Variable Remuneration of Senior Management for financial year 2016  

Following  year-end  2019,  the  deferred  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  of  Senior  Management  (15 members  as  of  31  December  2019, 
excluding  executive  directors)  for  financial  year  2016  has  been  determined,  with  delivery,  if  conditions  are  met,  taking  place  during 
financial year 2020, subject to the conditions established for this purpose in the applicable remuneration policy.  

Thus, based on the result of each of the multi-year performance indicators set by the Board in 2016 to calculate the deferred portion of 
this  remuneration,  and  in  application  of  the  relevant  scales  of  achievement  and  their  corresponding  targets  and  weightings,  the  final 
amount of the deferred portion of the Annual Variable Remuneration for members of the Senior Management for financial year 2016 has 
been determined, following the corresponding downward adjustment as a consequence of the result of the TSR indicator. The combined 
total  amount,  excluding  executive  directors,  has  been  determined  to  be  €1,277  thousand  and  196,899  BBVA  shares,  including  the 
corresponding updates. With these amounts paid, there will be no more outstanding payments due to the Senior Management in respect 
of the Annual Variable Remuneration for the 2016 financial year. 

Lastly, in addition to the abovementioned Deferred Portion of the Annual Variable Remuneration for financial year 2019, as at year-end 
2019 and in accordance with the  conditions established in the remuneration policies applicable in previous years, 60% of the Annual 
Variable Remuneration corresponding to financial years 2017 and 2018 has been deferred and is pending payment to the members of the 
Senior Management and will be received in future years if the applicable conditions are met. 

  Remuneration system with deferred delivery of shares for non-executive directors 

BBVA has a remuneration system in shares with deferred delivery for its non-executive directors, which was approved by the General 
Shareholders' Meeting held on 18 March 2006 and extended by resolutions of the General Meetings held on 11 March 2011 and 11 March 
2016 for an additional period of five years in each case. 

This system involves the annual allocation to non-executive directors of a number of "theoretical shares" of BBVA equivalent to 20% of 
the total remuneration received in cash by each of them in the previous financial year. This is calculated according to the average closing 
prices of BBVA shares during the 60 trading sessions prior to the dates of the Annual General Shareholders' Meetings that approve the 
corresponding annual financial statements for each financial year. 

These shares will be delivered to each beneficiary, where applicable, after they leave their positions as directors for reasons other than 
serious breach of their duties. 

The "theoretical shares" allocated to non-executive directors who are beneficiaries of the remuneration system in shares with deferred 
delivery in financial year 2019, corresponding to 20% of the total remuneration in cash received by each of them in financial year 2018, 
are as follows: 

Tomás Alfaro Drake 
José Miguel Andrés Torrecillas 
Jaime Caruana Lacorte 
Belén Garijo López 
Sunir Kumar Kapoor 
Carlos Loring Martínez de Irujo 
Lourdes Máiz Carro 
José Maldonado Ramos 
Ana Peralta Moreno 
Juan Pi Llorens 
Susana Rodríguez Vidarte 
Jan Verplancke 
Total 

Theoretical shares 
allocated in 2019 

Theoretical shares 
accumulated as at 31 
December 2019 

10,138 
19,095 
9,320 
12,887 
6,750 
17,515 
11,160 
15,328 
5,624 
17,970 
17,431 
5,203 
148,421 

93,587 
55,660 
9,320 
47,528 
15,726 
116,391 
34,320 
94,323 
5,624 
72,141 
122,414 
5,203 
672,237 

Pension commitments with directors and Senior Management 

The Bank has not made pension commitments with non-executive directors. 

With regard to the Group Executive Chairman, the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors establishes a pension framework whereby he 
is eligible, provided that he does not leave his position as a result of a serious breach of duties, to receive a retirement pension, paid in 
either income or capital, when he reaches the legally established retirement age. The amount of this pension will be determined by the 
annual contributions made by the Bank, together with their corresponding accumulated yields as of that date. 

 
 
 
P.172 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The  annual  contribution  to  cover  the  retirement  contingency  in  the  Group  Executive  Chairman's  defined-contribution  system,  as 
established in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors, was determined as a result of the conversion of his previous defined-benefit 
rights into a defined-contribution system, in the annual amount of €1,642 thousand. The Board of Directors may update this amount 
during the term of the Policy, in the same way and under the same terms as it may update the Annual Fixed Remuneration. 

15%  of  the  aforementioned  agreed  annual  contribution  will  be  based  on  variable  components  and  considered  "discretionary  pension 
benefits",  therefore  subject  to  the  conditions  regarding  delivery  in  shares,  retention  and  clawback  established  in  the  applicable 
regulations,  as  well  as  any  other  conditions  concerning  variable  remuneration  that  may  be  applicable  in  accordance  with  the 
Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors. 

In the event the contractual relationship terminates before reaching retirement age for reasons other than serious breach of duties, the 
retirement pension due to the Group Executive Chairman upon reaching the legally established retirement age will be calculated based on 
the funds accumulated through the contributions made by the Bank under the terms set out, up to that date, plus the corresponding 
accumulated yield, with no additional contributions to be made by the Bank in any event from the time of termination. 

With respect to the commitments to cover the contingencies for death and disability benefits for the Group Executive Chairman, the Bank 
will undertake the payment of the corresponding annual insurance premiums in order to top up the coverage of these contingencies. 

In line with the above, during the 2019 financial year, €1,919 thousand were recorded to meet the pension commitments for the Chairman. 
This amount includes the contribution to the retirement contingency (€1,642 thousand) and the payment of premiums for the death and 
disability contingencies (€278 thousand), as well as the negative adjustment of €1 thousand for “discretionary pension benefits” for the 
2018 financial year, which were declared at 2018 year-end and had to be registered in the accumulated fund in 2019.  

As  of  31  December  2019,  the  total  accumulated  amount  of  the  fund  to  meet  the  retirement  commitments  for  the  Group  Executive 
Chairman was €21,582 thousand. 

With  regard  to  the  agreed  annual  contribution  to  the  retirement  contingency  corresponding  to  the  2019  financial  year,  15%  (€246 
thousand) has been registered in that financial year as "discretionary pension benefits". Following year-end 2019, this amount has been 
adjusted  according  to  the  criteria  established  to  determine  the  Group  Executive  Chairman's  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  for  2019. 
Accordingly, the "discretionary pension benefits" for the 2019 financial year have been determined in an amount of €261 thousand, which 
will be included in the accumulated fund for financial year 2020, subject to the same conditions as the Deferred Portion of the Annual 
Variable Remuneration for financial year 2019, as well as to the remaining conditions established for these benefits in the Remuneration 
Policy for BBVA Directors.  

With regard to the Chief Executive Officer, in accordance with the provisions of the current Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors and 
his contract, the Bank has not made any retirement commitments, although he is entitled to an annual cash sum instead of a retirement 
pension (cash in lieu of pension), equivalent to 30% of his Annual Fixed Remuneration. The Bank has also made pension commitments to 
cover the death and disability contingencies, for which purpose the corresponding annual insurance premiums will be paid.  

In accordance with the above, in the 2019 financial year the Bank has paid the Chief Executive Officer the amount of fixed remuneration 
as cash in lieu of pension set out in the “Remuneration received by executive directors in 2019” section of this Note. Furthermore, €141 
thousand were recorded for the payment of the annual insurance premiums to cover the death and disability contingencies. 

For the executive director Head of GE&PA, the pension system provided for in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors establishes an 
annual  contribution  of  30%  of  the  Head  of  GE&PA's  Annual  Fixed  Remuneration  to  cover  the  retirement  contingency.  15%  of  the 
aforementioned  agreed  annual  contribution  will  be  based  on  variable  components  and  considered  "discretionary  pension  benefits", 
therefore subject to the conditions regarding delivery in shares, retention and clawback established in the applicable regulations, as well 
as any other conditions concerning variable remuneration that may be applicable in accordance with the Policy. 

The executive director Head of GE&PA, upon reaching retirement age, will be entitled to receive, in the form of capital or income, the 
benefits arising from contributions made by the Bank to cover pension commitments, plus the corresponding yield accumulated up to 
that date, provided the executive director Head of GE&PA does not leave said position due to serious breach of duties. In the event of 
voluntary  termination  of  the  contractual  relationship  by  the  director  before  retirement,  the  benefits  will  be  limited  to  50%  of  the 
contributions made by the Bank up to that date, together with the corresponding accumulated yield, with no additional contributions to 
be made by the Bank in any event upon termination of the contractual relationship.  

With respect to the commitments to cover the contingencies for death and disability benefits for the executive director Head of GE&PA, 
the Bank will undertake the payment of the corresponding annual insurance premiums in order to top up the coverage under their pension 
system. 

In line with  the above, during the 2019 financial year, €404 thousand have been recorded to meet the pension commitments for  the 
executive  director  Head  of  GE&PA.  This  amount  includes  the  contribution  to  the  retirement  contingency  (€250  thousand)  and  the 
payment of premiums to cover the death and disability contingencies (€150 thousand), as well as €4 thousand corresponding to the 
adjustment made to the amount of "discretionary pension benefits" for financial year 2018, as declared at 2018 year-end and which had 
to be registered in the accumulated fund in 2019.  

 
P.173 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

As of 31 December 2019, the total accumulated amount of the fund to meet the retirement commitments for the executive director Head 
of GE&PA amounts to €1,404 thousand. 

With  regard  to  the  annual  contribution  agreed  for  the  retirement  contingency,  15%  (€38  thousand)  has  been  registered  in  2019  as 
"discretionary pension benefits"  and, following year-end 2019, this amount has been adjusted according to  the criteria established  to 
determine  the  executive  director  Head  of  GE&PA's  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  for  2019.  Accordingly,  the  "discretionary  pension 
benefits" for the financial year have been determined in an amount of €40 thousand, which will be included in the accumulated fund for 
financial year 2020, subject to the same conditions as the Deferred Portion of the Annual Variable Remuneration for financial year 2019, 
as well as the remaining conditions established for these benefits in the Remuneration Policy for BBVA Directors.  

In addition, during the 2019 financial year, €3,281 thousand have been recorded to meet the pension commitments for members of the 
Senior Management (15 members holding that position as of 31 December 2019, excluding executive directors). This amount includes 
both the contribution to the retirement contingency (€2,656 thousand) and the payment of premiums to cover the death and disability 
contingencies  (€627  thousand), as  well  as  the  negative  adjustment  of  €2  thousand  for  “discretionary  pension  benefits”  for  the  2018 
financial year, as declared at 2018 year-end, and which had to be registered in the accumulated fund in 2019. 

At  31  December  2019,  the  total  accumulated  amount  of  the  fund  to  meet  the  retirement  commitments  for  members  of  the  Senior 
Management amounts to €20,287 thousand.  

15%  of  the  agreed  annual  contributions  for  members  of  the  Senior  Management  to  cover  retirement  contingencies  will  be  based  on 
variable components and considered "discretionary pension benefits", therefore subject to the conditions regarding delivery in shares, 
retention and clawback established in the applicable regulations, as well as any other conditions concerning variable remuneration that 
may be applicable in accordance with the remuneration policy applicable to members of the Senior Management. 

Accordingly, with regard to the agreed annual contribution for the retirement contingency registered in the 2019 financial year, an amount 
of €389 thousand has been registered as "discretionary pension benefits" during the 2019 financial year and, following year-end 2019, 
this  amount  has  been  adjusted  according  to  the  same  criteria  established  to  determine  the  Senior  Management's  Annual  Variable 
Remuneration for 2019. Accordingly, the "discretionary pension benefits" for members of the Senior Management for the financial year 
have been determined in an amount of €402 thousand, which will be included in the accumulated fund for financial year 2020, subject to 
the same conditions as the Deferred Portion of Annual Variable Remuneration for financial year 2019, as well as the remaining conditions 
established for these benefits in the remuneration policy applicable to members of the Senior Management. 

Payments for the termination of the contractual relationship 

In  accordance  with  the  Remuneration  Policy  for  BBVA  Directors,  the  Bank  has  no  commitments  regarding  severance  payments  to 
executive directors. 

With regard to Senior Management, excluding executive directors, the Bank has paid out a total of €8,368 thousand during financial year 
2019, resulting from the termination of the contractual relationship with four senior managers with an average length of service in the 
Group of 25 years, in execution of their contracts. These contracts include the right to receive the relevant legal indemnity, provided that 
termination of their contract is not due to voluntary leave, retirement, disability or serious breach of their duties. The amount of this pay 
will be calculated in accordance with the provisions of applicable labor regulations. In some cases, the contracts also include the right to 
an amount additional to the legal indemnity, which will be considered variable remuneration in accordance with the solvency regulations 
that apply to this group, as well as notice clauses.  

In line with the above, as of 31 December 2019, €1,199 thousand is pending payment and will be paid, if conditions are met, in accordance 
with  the  same  schedule  and  regulations  of  the  settlement  and  payment  system  applicable  to  the  Annual  Variable  Remuneration  for 
financial year 2019, as established in the remuneration policy applicable to the members of Senior Management.   

All these payments comply with the conditions set out in the regulations applicable to the group of employees with a material impact on 
the Group's risk profile, to which senior managers belong. 

 
 
P.174 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

55. Other information

55.1 

Environmental impact 

Given  the  activities  BBVA  Group  entities  engage  in,  the  Group  has  no  environmental  liabilities,  expenses,  assets,  provisions  or 
contingencies that could have a significant effect on its consolidated equity, financial situation and profits. Consequently, as of December 
31, 2019, there is no item included that requires disclosure in an environmental information report pursuant to Ministry JUS/318/2018, of 
March 21, by which the new model for the presentation in the Commercial Register of the consolidated annual accounts of the subjects 
obliged to its publication is approved. 

55.2  Reporting requirements of the Spanish National Securities Market Commission (CNMV) 

Dividends paid  

The table below presents the dividends per share paid in cash during 2019, 2018 and 2017 (cash basis dividend, regardless of the year in 
which  they  were  accrued),  but  without  including  other  shareholder  remuneration,  such  as  the  “Dividend  Option”.  See  Note  4  for  a 
complete analysis of all remuneration awarded to the shareholders in 2019, 2018 and 2017. 

Dividends paid ("Dividend Option" not included) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

% Over 
nominal 

Euros 
per share 

Amount 
(Millions 
of Euros) 

% Over 
nominal 

Euros per 
share 

Amount 
(Millions 
of Euros) 

% Over 
nominal 

Euros per 
share 

Amount 
(Millions of 
Euros) 

Ordinary shares 

Rest of shares 

53.06% 

0.26 

1,734 

51.02% 

0.25 

1,667 

34.69% 

Total dividends paid in cash  

53.06% 

Dividends with charge to income 

53.06% 

- 

- 

0.26 

0.26 

- 

- 

1,734 

51.02% 

1,734 

51.02% 

- 

0.25 

0.25 

- 

1,667 

1,667 

- 

34.69% 

34.69% 

Dividends with charge to reserve 
or share premium 

Dividends in kind 

Flexible payment 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Ordinary income and attributable profit by operating segment 

0.17 

- 

0.17 

0.17 

- 

- 

- 

1,125 

- 

1,125 

1,125 

- 

- 

- 

The detail of the consolidated ordinary income and profit for each operating segment is as follows as of December 2019 and 2018: 

Ordinary income and attributable profit by operating segment 

Spain 

The United States 

Mexico 

Turkey 

South America 

Rest of Eurasia 

Subtotal operating segments 

Corporate Center 

Income from ordinary activities (1) 

Profit/ (loss) 

2019 

9,814 

4,516 

13,131 

8,868 

6,786 

684 

43,800 

(696) 

2018 

10,724 

3,910 

11,610 

9,830 

6,555 

617 

43,246 

(994) 

2019 

1,386 

590 

2,699 

506 

721 

127 

6,029 

(2,517) 

2018 

1,400 

736 

2,367 

567 

578 

96 

5,743 

(343) 

5,400 
Total 
(1) The line comprises interest income; dividend income; fee and commission income; gains (losses) on derecognition of financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss, net; gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net; gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit 
or loss, net; gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, net; gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net; other operating income; 
and income from insurance and reinsurance contracts. 

42,252 

43,104 

3,512 

Interest income by geographical area 

The  breakdown  of  the  balance  of  “Interest  income  and  similar  income”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  income  statements  by 
geographical area is as follows: 

P.175
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Interest income. Breakdown by geographical area (Millions of Euros) 

Domestic  

Foreign 
European Union 

Eurozone 

No Eurozone 

Other countries 

Total 

Notes 

37.1 

2019 

4,962  

26,099  

470  

304  

166  

25,629  
31,061 

2018 

2017 

4,952  

24,879  

5,093  

24,203  

509  

391  

117  

422  

239  

183  

24,370  
29,831 

23,781  
29,296 

Average number of employees 

The detail of the average number of employees is as follows as of December 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

Average number of employees 

Men 

Women 

Total 

2019 

58,365 

67,778 

2018 

59,547 

69,790 

2017 

60,730 

71,774 

126,143 

129,336 

132,504 

55.3  Mortgage market policies and procedures 

The information on “Mortgage market policies and procedures” (for the granting of mortgage loans and for debt issues secured by such 
mortgage loans) required by Bank of Spain Circular 5/2011, applying Royal Decree 716/2009, dated April 24 (which developed certain 
aspects of Act 2/1981, dated March 25, on the regulation of the mortgage market and other mortgage and financial market regulations), 
can be found in Appendix X. 

56.

Subsequent events

On January 31, 2020 it was announced that it was foreseen to submit to the consideration of the corresponding government bodies the 
proposal of cash payment in a gross amount of euro 0.16 per share to be paid in April 2020 as final dividend for 2019 (see Note 4). 

From January 1, 2020 to the date of preparation of these consolidated financial statements, no other subsequent events not mentioned 
above in these financial statements have taken place that could significantly affect the Group’s earnings or its equity position.  

57.

Explanation added for translation into English

These accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented on the basis of IFRS, as adopted by the European Union. Certain 
accounting practices applied by the Group that conform to EU-IFRS may not conform to other generally accepted accounting principles. 

P.176 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Appendices 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.177 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

APPENDIX I. Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% share of participation (**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

ACTIVOS MACORP SL 

ALCALA 120 PROMOC. Y GEST.IMMOB. S.L. 

ANIDA GRUPO INMOBILIARIO SL 

ANIDA INMOBILIARIA, S.A. DE C.V. 

ANIDA OPERACIONES SINGULARES, S.A. 

ANIDA PROYECTOS INMOBILIARIOS, S.A. DE C.V. 

ANIDAPORT INVESTIMENTOS IMOBILIARIOS, UNIPESSOAL, LTDA 

ANTHEMIS BBVA VENTURE PARTNERSHIP LLP 

APLICA NEXTGEN OPERADORA S.A. DE C.V. 

APLICA NEXTGEN SERVICIOS S.A. DE C.V 

APLICA TECNOLOGIA AVANZADA SA DE CV 

ARIZONA FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, INC 

ARRAHONA AMBIT, S.L. 

ARRAHONA IMMO, S.L. 

ARRAHONA NEXUS, S.L. 

ARRAHONA RENT, S.L.U. 

ARRELS CT FINSOL, S.A. 

ARRELS CT LLOGUER, S.A. 

ARRELS CT PATRIMONI I PROJECTES, S.A. 

ARRELS CT PROMOU SA 

AZLO BUSINESS, INC 

BAHIA SUR RESORT S.C. 

BANCO BBVA ARGENTINA S.A. 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

MEXICO                               

SPAIN 

MEXICO                               

PORTUGAL                             

UNITED KINGDOM 

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

ARGENTINA 

BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA URUGUAY SA 

URUGUAY                              

BANCO INDUSTRIAL DE BILBAO SA 

BANCO OCCIDENTAL SA 

BANCO PROVINCIAL OVERSEAS NV 

BANCO PROVINCIAL SA - BANCO UNIVERSAL 

BBV AMERICA SL 

BBVA (SUIZA) SA 

BBVA AGENCIA DE SEGUROS COLOMBIA LTDA 

BBVA ASSET MANAGEMENT SA SAF 

BBVA ASSET MANAGEMENT SA SGIIC 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

CURAÇAO 

VENEZUELA 

SPAIN 

SWITZERLAND 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

SERVICES 

INACTIVE 

BANKING 

BANKING 

BANKING 

BANKING 

BANKING 

BANKING 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

BANKING 

50.63 
- 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
99.95 

39.97 

100.00 

- 

49.43 

- 

1.46 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

49.37 
100.00 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 
- 

26.58 

- 

99.93 

50.57 

100.00 

53.75 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 
99.95 

66.55 

100.00 

99.93 

100.00 

100.00 

55.21 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

46.12 

100.00 

21 
19 

1,538 

99 

1,444 

43 

27 

4 

- 

- 

203 

872 

12 

53 

58 

9 

64 

5 

22 

28 

5 
- 

157 

110 

47 

17 

51 

36 

79 

98 

- 

10 

43 

31 

6 

1,139 

19 

21 
17 

1,625 

71 

1,504 

42 

8 

4 

(3) 

- 

219 

872 

24 

114 

64 

11 

79 

6 

24 

37 

19 
1 

963 

164 

45 

18 

45 

132 

611 

114 

0 

6 

(58) 

21 

4 

2,041 

11 

1 
1 

(73) 

9 

(57) 

1 

(1) 

(2) 

4 

- 

8 

- 

(2) 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4) 

(14) 
- 

214 

41 

2 

- 

6 

(7) 

16 

7 

- 

4 

114 

10 

1 

439 

8 

BBVA ASSET MANAGEMENT SA SOCIEDAD FIDUCIARIA (BBVA FIDUCIARIA) 

COLOMBIA                             

BBVA AUTOMERCANTIL COMERCIO E ALUGER DE VEICULOS AUTOMOVEIS LDA. 

PORTUGAL                             

BBVA BANCO CONTINENTAL SA (1) 

BBVA BANCOMER GESTION, S.A. DE C.V. 

PERU                                 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

BANKING 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

46.12 

100.00 

COLOMBIA                             

INSURANCES SERVICES 

PERU                                 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES 

100.00 

(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 
(**)  In accordance with Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  
 (1) Full consolidation method is used according to accounting rules (see Glossary)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.178 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

BBVA BANCOMER OPERADORA SA DE CV 
BBVA BANCOMER SA INSTITUCION DE BANCA MULTIPLE GRUPO FINANCIERO BBVA 
BANCOMER 

BBVA BANCOMER SEGUROS SALUD SA DE CV 

BBVA BANCOMER SERVICIOS ADMINISTRATIVOS, S.A. DE C.V. 

BBVA BOLSA SOCIEDAD AGENTE DE BOLSA S.A. 

BBVA BRASIL BANCO DE INVESTIMENTO SA 

BBVA BROKER CORREDURIA DE SEGUROS Y REASEGUROS SA 

BBVA BROKER SA 

BBVA COLOMBIA SA 

BBVA CONSOLIDAR SEGUROS SA 

BBVA CONSULTING ( BEIJING) LIMITED 
BBVA CONSUMER FINANCE ENTIDAD DE DESARROLLO A LA PEQUEÑA Y MICRO 
EMPRESA EDPYME SA (BBVA CONSUMER FINANCE - EDPYME) 

BBVA DATA & ANALYTICS SL 

BBVA DISTRIBUIDORA DE SEGUROS S.R.L. 

BBVA FINANCIAL CORPORATION 

BBVA FINANZIA SPA 

BBVA FOREIGN EXCHANGE INC. 
BBVA FRANCES ASSET MANAGMENT S.A. SOCIEDAD GERENTE DE FONDOS COMUNES 
DE INVERSIÓN. 
BBVA FUNDOS S.GESTORA FUNDOS PENSOES SA 

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

PERU                                 

BRAZIL 

SPAIN 

ARGENTINA 

Activity 

SERVICES 

BANKING 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SECURITIES DEALER 

BANKING 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

COLOMBIA                             

BANKING 

ARGENTINA 

CHINA 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

PERU                                 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

URUGUAY                              

UNITED STATES 

ITALY 

UNITED STATES 

ARGENTINA 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

IN LIQUIDATION 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

PORTUGAL                             

PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT 

BBVA GLOBAL FINANCE LTD 

BBVA GLOBAL MARKETS BV 

BBVA HOLDING CHILE SA 

BBVA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ESPAÑA SL 

BBVA INSTITUIÇAO FINANCEIRA DE CREDITO SA 

BBVA INSURANCE AGENCY, INC. 

BBVA INTERNATIONAL PREFERRED SOCIEDAD ANONIMA 

BBVA IRELAND PLC 

BBVA LEASING MEXICO SA DE CV 

CAYMAN ISLANDS 

NETHERLANDS 

CHILE 

SPAIN 

PORTUGAL                             

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

IRELAND 

MEXICO                               

BBVA MEDIACION OPERADOR DE BANCA-SEGUROS VINCULADO, S.A. 

SPAIN 

BBVA MORTGAGE CORPORATION 

BBVA NEXT TECHNOLOGIES OPERADORA, S.A. DE C.V. 

BBVA NEXT TECHNOLOGIES SLU 

BBVA NEXT TECHNOLOGIES, S.A. DE C.V. 

BBVA OP3N S.L. 

BBVA OPEN PLATFORM INC 

BBVA PARAGUAY SA 

UNITED STATES 

MEXICO                               

SPAIN 

MEXICO                               

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

PARAGUAY                             

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

100.00 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

BANKING 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

% share of participation 
(**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity 
excluding 
profit(loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

99.94 

- 

77.41 

87.78 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

61.22 

76.00 

49.90 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

0.06 

99.96 

18.06 

12.22 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

38.78 

- 

50.10 

100.00 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

21 

4 

100.00 

10,124 

7,549 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

99.96 

95.47 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

76.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

13 

50 

5 

16 

- 

- 

355 

8 

2 

26 

6 

5 

231 

3 

22 

14 

8 

- 

- 

139 

1 

39 

47 

- 

2 

51 

10 

14 

53 

4 

25 

10 

3 

1,186 

21 

2 

20 

3 

3 

227 

4 

17 

11 

6 

5 

- 

299 

1 

52 

38 

- 

3 

133 

18 

2,989 

2,907 

- 

31 

1 

2 

3 

23 

- 

22 

2 

2 

8 

139 

23 

2,244 

(1) 

18 

1 

- 

5 

4 

229 

12 

- 

5 

- 

2 

2 

- 

5 

2 

2 

- 

- 

54 

1 

3 

9 

- 

- 

15 

18 

77 

- 

4 

- 

(1) 

(6) 

31 

BBVA PENSIONES SA ENTIDAD GESTORA DE FONDOS DE PENSIONES 
(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT 

SPAIN 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

13 

19 

8 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.179 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying amount 

% share of participation (**)   

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

Equity excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

BBVA PERU HOLDING SAC 

BBVA PLANIFICACION PATRIMONIAL SL 

BBVA PREVISION AFP SA ADM.DE FONDOS DE PENSIONES 

BBVA PROCESSING SERVICES INC. 

BBVA PROCUREMENT SERVICES AMERICA DEL SUR SpA 

BBVA RE INHOUSE COMPAÑIA DE REASEGUROS, S.E. 

BBVA REAL ESTATE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V. 

BBVA SECURITIES INC 

BBVA SEGUROS COLOMBIA SA 

BBVA SEGUROS DE VIDA COLOMBIA SA 

BBVA SEGUROS SA DE SEGUROS Y REASEGUROS 

BBVA SERVICIOS, S.A. 

BBVA SOCIEDAD TITULIZADORA S.A. 

BBVA TRADE, S.A. 

BBVA TRANSFER HOLDING INC 

BBVA TRANSFER SERVICES INC 

BBVA USA 

BBVA USA BANCSHARES, INC. 

BBVA VALORES COLOMBIA SA COMISIONISTA DE BOLSA 

BBVA WEALTH SOLUTIONS, INC. 

BILBAO VIZCAYA HOLDING SA 

CAIXA MANRESA IMMOBILIARIA ON CASA SL 
CAIXA MANRESA IMMOBILIARIA SOCIAL SL 

CAIXA TERRASSA SOCIETAT DE PARTICIPACIONS PREFERENTS SAU 

CAIXASABADELL PREFERENTS SA 

CARTERA E INVERSIONES SA CIA DE 

CASA DE BOLSA BBVA BANCOMER SA DE CV 

CATALONIA GEBIRA, S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

CATALONIA PROMODIS 4, S.A. 

CATALUNYACAIXA CAPITAL SA 

CATALUNYACAIXA IMMOBILIARIA SA 

CATALUNYACAIXA SERVEIS SA 

CDD GESTIONI S.R.L. 

CETACTIUS SL 

CIDESSA DOS, S.L. 

CIDESSA UNO SL 

PERU    

SPAIN 

BOLIVIA   

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT 

100.00 
80.00 

75.00 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

CHILE 

SPAIN 

SERVICES 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

MEXICO      

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

COLOMBIA     

COLOMBIA     

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

PERU    

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

  INSURANCES SERVICES 

  INSURANCES SERVICES 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

COMMERCIAL 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

BANKING 

-

-

-

-

-

94.00 

94.00 

99.96 

-

-

-

-

-

-

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

100.00 

COLOMBIA     

  SECURITIES DEALER 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 
SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 
REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

MEXICO      

SECURITIES DEALER 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

ITALY 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 

SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

-

-

89.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

-

-

-

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

-

-

-
20.00 

5.00 

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

6.00 

6.00 

-

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

-

100.00

100.00

11.00 

-

-

-

-

-

100.00

100.00

100.00

-

-

-

-

-

100.00

100.00

100.00
100.00

80.00 

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

99.96 

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

124 
- 

1 

1 

6 

39 

- 

206 

10 

14 

713 

- 

1 

10 

96 

73 

947 
1 

5 

1 

6 

43 

- 

193 

15 

104 

532 

- 

1 

5 

81 

63 

11,063 

11,424 

10,997 

11,755 

5 

12 

41 

2 

4 

1 

- 

92 

46 

- 

1 

82 

321 

2 

5 

1 

15 

5 

5 

8 

87 

2 

3 

1 

1 

27 

26 

- 

1 

81 

317 

2 

10 

1 

15 

(38) 

199 
- 

8 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13 

9 

34 

298 

- 

- 

6 

16 

10 

107 

135 

- 

4 

15 

- 

- 

- 

- 

77 

21 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

65 

CIERVANA SL 
INVESTMENT COMPANY 
(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

SPAIN 

100.00 

-

100.00

54 

53 

- 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

P.180 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity 
excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% share of participation (**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

CLUB GOLF HACIENDA EL ALAMO, S.L.( IN LIQUIDATION) 

COMERCIALIZADORA CORPORATIVA SAC 

COMERCIALIZADORA DE SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS, S.A. 

SPAIN 

IN LIQUIDATION 

PERU                                 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

COLOMBIA                             

SERVICES 

COMPAÑIA CHILENA DE INVERSIONES SL 

COMPASS CAPITAL MARKETS, INC. 

COMPASS GP, INC. 

COMPASS INSURANCE TRUST 

COMPASS LIMITED PARTNER, INC. 

COMPASS LOAN HOLDINGS TRS, INC. 

COMPASS MORTGAGE FINANCING, INC. 

COMPASS SOUTHWEST, LP 

COMPASS TEXAS MORTGAGE FINANCING, INC 

CONSOLIDAR A.F.J.P SA 

CONTENTS AREA, S.L. 

CONTINENTAL DPR FINANCE COMPANY 

CONTRATACION DE PERSONAL, S.A. DE C.V. 

CORPORACION GENERAL FINANCIERA SA 

COVAULT, INC 

DALLAS CREATION CENTER, INC 

DATA ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY MEXICO SA DE CV 

DATA ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY S.L. 

DATA ARCHITECTURE  AND TECHNOLOGY OPERADORA SA DE CV 

DENIZEN FINANCIAL, INC 

DENIZEN GLOBAL FINANCIAL SAU 

DEUTSCHE BANK MEXICO SA FIDEICOMISO F/1859 

DEUTSCHE BANK MEXICO SA FIDEICOMISO F/1860 

DISTRITO CASTELLANA NORTE, S.A. 

ECASA, S.A. 

EL ENCINAR METROPOLITANO, S.A. 

EL MILANILLO, S.A. 

EMPRENDIMIENTOS DE VALOR S.A. 

ENTRE2 SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS E.F.C SA 

ESPAIS SABADELL PROMOCIONS INMOBILIARIES, S.A. 

EUROPEA DE TITULIZACION SA SGFT . 

EXPANSION INTERCOMARCAL SL 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

100.00 

- 

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

ARGENTINA 

SPAIN 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

IN LIQUIDATION 

SERVICES 

CAYMAN ISLANDS 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

SERVICES 

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

SERVICES 

UNITED STATES 

SERVICES 

SPAIN 

PAYMENT ENTITIES 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

CHILE 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

URUGUAY                              

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

- 
- 

- 

97.87 
50.00 

100.00 

99.97 

0.03 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

46.11 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

53.89 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

51.00 

100.00 

100.00 
- 

100.00 

100.00 

75.54 

99.05 

100.00 

100.00 

97.87 
50.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

51.00 

100.00 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

75.54 

99.05 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

88.24 

100.00 

- 

- 

88.24 

100.00 

- 

42.40 

42.40 

1 
- 

5 

221 

7,429 

44 

- 

1 
- 

4 

239 

7,344 

44 

- 

6,512 

6,429 

74 

- 

73 

- 

5,380 

5,323 

- 

1 

6 

- 

8 

- 

1 

7 

- 

7 

510 

1,433 

1 

2 

1 

- 

- 

1 
- 

- 

- 

113 

30 

- 

7 

2 

9 

6 

2 

16 

- 

3 

4 

1 

2 

- 

3 
5 

- 

- 

150 

18 

- 

7 

3 

9 

8 

20 

17 

1 

- 
- 

1 

11 

85 

- 

- 

84 

1 

- 

66 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 

20 

(3) 

(1) 

- 

- 

- 

(2) 
(3) 

- 

- 

(5) 

12 

- 

- 

(1) 

- 

(1) 

3 

- 

- 

F/11395 FIDEICOMISO IRREVOCABLE DE ADMINISTRACION CON DERECHO DE REVERSION (1) 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

F/253863 EL DESEO RESIDENCIAL 
(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

- 

65.00 

65.00 

- 

1 

- 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

 (1) Full consolidation method is used according to accounting rules (see Glossary)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.181 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

% share of participation 
(**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect  Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

F/403035-9 BBVA HORIZONTES RESIDENCIAL 

FIDEICOMISO 28991-8 TRADING EN LOS MCADOS FINANCIEROS 

FIDEICOMISO F/29764-8 SOCIO LIQUIDADOR DE OPERACIONES FINANCIERAS DERIVADAS 

FIDEICOMISO F/403112-6 DE ADMINISTRACION DOS LAGOS 

FIDEICOMISO HARES BBVA BANCOMER F/ 47997-2 

FIDEICOMISO INMUEBLES CONJUNTO RESIDENCIAL HORIZONTES DE VILLA CAMPESTRE 

FIDEICOMISO LOTE 6.1 ZARAGOZA 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

COLOMBIA                             

REAL ESTATE 

COLOMBIA                             

REAL ESTATE 

FIDEICOMISO N.989 EN THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON SA INSTITUCION DE BANCA MULTIPLE FIDUCIARIO (FIDEIC.00989 6 EMISION) 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FIDEICOMISO Nº 847 EN BANCO INVEX SA INSTITUCION DE BANCA MULTIPLE INVEX GRUPO FINANCIERO FIDUCIARIO (FIDEIC. INVEX 4ª EMISION) 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FIDEICOMISO SCOTIABANK INVERLAT S A F100322908 

FINANCIERA AYUDAMOS S.A. DE C.V., SOFOMER 

FOMENTO Y DESARROLLO DE CONJUNTOS RESIDENCIALES S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

FORUM COMERCIALIZADORA DEL PERU SA 

FORUM DISTRIBUIDORA DEL PERU SA 

FORUM DISTRIBUIDORA, S.A. 

FORUM SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS, S.A. 

FUTURO FAMILIAR, S.A. DE C.V. 

G NETHERLANDS BV 

GARANTI BANK SA 

GARANTI BBVA AS (1) 

GARANTI BBVA EMEKLILIK AS 

GARANTI BBVA FACTORING AS 

GARANTI BBVA FILO AS 

GARANTI BBVA LEASING AS 

GARANTI BBVA PORTFOY AS 

GARANTI BBVA YATIRIM AS 

GARANTI BILISIM TEKNOLOJISI VE TIC TAS 

GARANTI DIVERSIFIED PAYMENT RIGHTS FINANCE COMPANY 

GARANTI FILO SIGORTA ARACILIK HIZMETLERI A.S. 

GARANTI HOLDING BV 

GARANTI KONUT FINANSMANI DANISMANLIK HIZMETLERI AS (GARANTI MORTGAGE) 

GARANTI KULTUR AS 

GARANTI ODEME SISTEMLERI AS (GOSAS) 

GARANTI YATIRIM ORTAKLIGI AS 

GARANTIBANK BBVA INTERNATIONAL N.V. 

GARRAF MEDITERRANIA, S.A. 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

IN LIQUIDATION 

PERU                                 

SERVICES 

PERU                                 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

CHILE 

CHILE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 
MEXICO                               

NETHERLANDS 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

ROMANIA 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

BANKING 

BANKING 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 

CAYMAN ISLANDS  FINANCIAL SERVICES 

TURKEY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

NETHERLANDS 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

TURKEY 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

NETHERLANDS 

BANKING 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

65.00  65.00 
100.00  100.00 

- 
3 

100.00  100.00 

50 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

59.99  59.99 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

60.00  60.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

- 

5 

1 

- 

- 

- 

3 

5 

- 

1 

6 

100.00  100.00 

43 

100.00  100.00 

246 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

1 

340 

262 

49.85 

- 

49.85  4,967 

84.91  84.91 

173 

81.84  81.84 

100.00  100.00 

20 

1 

100.00  100.00 

152 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

20 

48 

15 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00  100.00 

263 

340 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

100.00  100.00 

91.40  91.40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00  100.00 

587 

100.00  100.00 

2 

1 

- 

3 

6 

577 

2 

Equity 
excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 
- 
2 

45 

- 

3 

1 

2 

(3) 

1 

2 

6 

- 

1 

5 

35 

187 

1 

291 

293 

7,219 

129 

21 

5 

137 

14 

26 

12 

(5) 

- 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

- 
- 

5 

- 

2 

- 

- 

3 

1 

1 

(1) 

- 

- 

1 

6 

49 

- 

(3) 

25 

968 

71 

4 

5 

16 

6 

23 

4 

(14) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 

7 

- 

GESCAT GESTIO DE SOL SL 
(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

REAL ESTATE 

SPAIN 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

11 

12 

(1) 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

 (1) Full consolidation method is used according to accounting rules (see Glossary)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.182 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% share of participation (**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

GESCAT LLEVANT, S.L. 

GESCAT LLOGUERS SL 

GESCAT POLSKA SP ZOO 

GESCAT SINEVA, S.L. 

GESCAT VIVENDES EN COMERCIALITZACIO SL 

GESTION DE PREVISION Y PENSIONES SA 

GESTION Y ADMINISTRACION DE RECIBOS, S.A. - GARSA 

GRAN JORGE JUAN SA 

GRUPO FINANCIERO BBVA BANCOMER SA DE CV 

GUARANTY BUSINESS CREDIT CORPORATION 

GUARANTY PLUS HOLDING COMPANY 

HABITATGES FINVER, S.L. 

HABITATGES JUVIPRO, S.L. 

HOLAMUNO AGENTE DE SEGUROS VINCULADO, S.L.U. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

HOLVI DEUTSCHLAND SERVICE GMBH ( IN LIQUIDATION) 

HOLVI PAYMENT SERVICE OY 

HUMAN RESOURCES PROVIDER, INC 

HUMAN RESOURCES SUPPORT, INC 

INMESP DESARROLLADORA, S.A. DE C.V. 

INMUEBLES Y RECUPERACIONES CONTINENTAL SA 

INPAU, S.A. 

INVERAHORRO SL 

INVERPRO DESENVOLUPAMENT, S.L. 

INVERSIONES ALDAMA, C.A. 

INVERSIONES BANPRO INTERNATIONAL INC NV (1) 

INVERSIONES BAPROBA CA 

INVERSIONES P.H.R.4, C.A. 

IRIDION SOLUCIONS IMMOBILIARIES SL 

JALE PROCAM, S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

L'EIX IMMOBLES, S.L. 

LIQUIDITY ADVISORS LP 

MADIVA SOLUCIONES, S.L. 

MICRO SPINAL LLC 

MISAPRE, S.A. DE C.V. 

MOMENTUM SOCIAL INVESTMENT HOLDING, S.L. 

MOTORACTIVE IFN SA 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

POLAND 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT 

SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

GERMANY 

FINLAND 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

IN LIQUIDATION 

IN LIQUIDATION 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

PERU                                 

REAL ESTATE 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

VENEZUELA 

CURAÇAO 

VENEZUELA 

VENEZUELA 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

IN LIQUIDATION 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INACTIVE 

REAL ESTATE 

IN LIQUIDATION 

REAL ESTATE 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SERVICES 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

ROMANIA 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

- 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 
- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

60.00 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

99.98 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 
- 

48.00 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 
100.00 

- 

- 

60.46 

- 

50.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

60.00 

100.00 

100.00 

99.98 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 
100.00 

48.01 

100.00 

60.46 

100.00 

50.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

3 
3 

- 

6 

91 

9 

1 

423 

6,678 

33 

- 

1 

1 

- 

- 

55 

349 

343 

35 

44 

25 

98 

4 
- 

16 

- 

- 

2 

- 

2 

1,154 

9 

- 

- 

7 

36 

3 
4 

- 

6 

92 

21 

2 

409 

8,586 

33 

- 

1 

1 

1 

- 

22 

342 

337 

21 

42 

25 

102 

8 
- 

46 

1 

- 

2 

(53) 

2 

1,144 

2 

- 

- 

7 

25 

- 
- 

- 

- 

(2) 

5 

- 

14 

2,645 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(17) 

6 

6 

14 

2 

- 

- 

2 
- 

6 

(1) 

- 

- 

(2) 

- 

17 

- 

- 

(1) 

- 

3 

MOTORACTIVE MULTISERVICES SRL 
(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

ROMANIA 

SERVICES 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

1 

1 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

 (1) Full consolidation method is used according to accounting rules (see Glossary)  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.183 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% share of participation (**)    

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

MULTIASISTENCIA OPERADORA S.A. DE C.V. 

MULTIASISTENCIA SERVICIOS S.A. DE C.V. 

MULTIASISTENCIA, S.A. DE C.V. 

NOIDIRI SL 

NOVA TERRASSA 3, S.L. 

OPCION VOLCAN, S.A. 

OPENPAY COLOMBIA SAS 

OPENPAY S.A.P.I DE C.V. 

OPENPAY SERVICIOS S.A. DE C.V. 

OPERADORA DOS LAGOS S.A. DE C.V. 

OPPLUS OPERACIONES Y SERVICIOS SA 

OPPLUS SAC (IN LIQUIDATION) 

P.I. HOLDINGS NO. 3, INC. 

PARCSUD PLANNER, S.L. 

PECRI INVERSION SA 

MEXICO                               

INSURANCES SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

INSURANCES SERVICES 

MEXICO                               

INSURANCES SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

MEXICO                               

REAL ESTATE 

COLOMBIA                             

PAYMENT ENTITIES 

MEXICO                               

PAYMENT ENTITIES 

MEXICO                               

MEXICO                               

SPAIN 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

PERU                                 

IN LIQUIDATION 

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

- 
- 

- 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES 

100.00 

- 

PENSIONES BBVA BANCOMER, S.A. DE C.V., GRUPO FINANCIERO BBVA BANCOMER 

MEXICO                               

INSURANCES SERVICES 

PHOENIX LOAN HOLDINGS, INC. 

PI HOLDINGS NO. 1, INC. 

PORTICO PROCAM, S.L. 

PROMOCIONES Y CONSTRUCCIONES CERBAT, S.L.U. 

PROMOTORA DEL VALLES, S.L. 

PROMOU CT 3AG DELTA, S.L. 

PROMOU CT EIX MACIA, S.L. 

PROMOU CT GEBIRA, S.L. 

PROMOU CT OPENSEGRE, S.L. 

PROMOU CT VALLES, S.L. 

PROMOU GLOBAL, S.L. 

PRONORTE UNO PROCAM, S.A. 

PROPEL VENTURE PARTNERS GLOBAL, S.L 

PROPEL VENTURE PARTNERS US FUND I, L.P. 

PRO-SALUD, C.A. 

PROVINCIAL DE VALORES CASA DE BOLSA CA 

PROVINCIAL SDAD.ADMIN.DE ENTIDADES DE INV.COLECTIVA CA 

PROV-INFI-ARRAHONA, S.L. 
PROVIVIENDA ENTIDAD RECAUDADORA Y ADMIN.DE APORTES, S.A. 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

VENEZUELA 

VENEZUELA 

VENEZUELA 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

VENTURE CAPITAL 

INACTIVE 

SECURITIES DEALER 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 
BOLIVIA                              

REAL ESTATE 
PENSION FUNDS MANAGEMENT 

PSA FINANCE ARGENTINA COMPAÑIA FINANCIERA SA 

ARGENTINA 

BANKING 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

99.50 

100.00 

58.86 

90.00 

100.00 

100.00 
100.00 

50.00 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

99.50 

100.00 

58.86 

90.00 

100.00 

100.00 
100.00 

50.00 

- 
- 

27 

- 

6 

2 

- 

18 

- 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

169 

245 

288 

84 

26 

8 
36 

1 

4 

2 

5 

2 

18 

- 

52 

107 

- 

1 

1 

6 

2 

8 

- 
- 

18 

- 

6 

1 

- 

4 

- 

1 

30 

1 

1 

1 

166 

211 

285 

84 

26 

8 
37 

1 

5 

2 

7 

2 

18 

- 

64 

90 

- 

1 

1 

6 

2 

21 

- 
- 

9 

- 

- 

1 

- 

(1) 

- 

- 

6 

- 

- 

- 

3 

90 

5 

- 

- 

- 
(1) 

- 

(1) 

- 

(2) 

- 

- 

- 

15 

17 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4) 

PUERTO CIUDAD LAS PALMAS, S.A. 
 (*)  Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019..  

REAL ESTATE 

SPAIN 

- 

(24) 

(1) 

- 

96.64 

96.64 

(**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.184
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Additional information on subsidiaries and structured entities composing the BBVA Group (Continued) 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Equity excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% Legal share of participation (**) 

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

QIPRO SOLUCIONES S.L. 
RALFI IFN SA 

RPV COMPANY 

RWHC, INC 

SAGE OG I, INC 

SATICEM GESTIO SL 

SATICEM HOLDING SL 

SATICEM IMMOBILIARIA SL 

SATICEM IMMOBLES EN ARRENDAMENT SL 

SEGUROS BBVA BANCOMER SA DE CV GRUPO FINANCIERO BBVA BANCOMER 

SEGUROS PROVINCIAL CA 

SERVICIOS CORPORATIVOS BANCOMER, S.A. DE C.V. 

SERVICIOS CORPORATIVOS DE SEGUROS, S.A. DE C.V. 

SERVICIOS EXTERNOS DE APOYO EMPRESARIAL, S.A DE C.V. 

SIMPLE FINANCE TECHNOLOGY CORP. 

SOCIEDAD DE ESTUDIOS Y ANALISIS FINANCIERO SA 

SOCIEDAD GESTORA DEL FONDO PUBLICO DE REGULACION DEL MERCADO HIPOTECARIO SA 

SPORT CLUB 18 SA 

TEXAS LOAN SERVICES LP 

TMF HOLDING INC. 

TRIFOI REAL ESTATE SRL 

TUCSON LOAN HOLDINGS, INC. 

UNIVERSALIDAD TIPS PESOS E-9 

UNNIM SOCIEDAD PARA LA GESTION DE ACTIVOS INMOBILIARIOS SA 

UPTURN FINANCIAL INC 

URBANIZADORA SANT LLORENC SA 

VERIDAS DIGITAL AUTHENTICATION SOLUTIONS S.L. 

VOLKSWAGEN FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPAÑIA FINANCIERA SA 

SPAIN 
ROMANIA 

CAYMAN ISLANDS 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

MEXICO

VENEZUELA 

MEXICO

MEXICO

MEXICO

SERVICES 
FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

INSURANCES SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

UNITED STATES 

UNITED STATES 

ROMANIA 

SERVICES 

INACTIVE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

COLOMBIA

SPAIN 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

77.20 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

- 

- 

- 

100.00 
100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

77.20 

100.00 

5 
38 

- 

772 

- 

4 

5 

16 

2 

413 

8 

5 

2 

16 

56 

71 

- 

8 

100.00 

100.00 

1,170 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

100.00 

16 

1 

30 

- 

REAL ESTATE 

100.00 

- 

100.00 

336 

UNITED STATES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

- 

100.00 

100.00 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

ARGENTINA 

INACTIVE 

SERVICES 

BANKING 

60.60 

- 

- 

- 

51.00 

51.00 

60.60 

51.00 

51.00 

2 

- 

- 

15 

12 
16 

0 

753 

- 

4 

5 

15 

2 

336 

8 

6 

6 

12 

78 

76 

- 

12 

1,151 

15 

1 

30 

29 

543 

4 

- 

- 

29 

2 
2 

(1) 

14 

- 

- 

- 

1 

- 

282 

- 

- 

1 

4 

(23) 

(5) 

- 

(3) 

20 

1 

- 

1 

1 

(18) 

(3) 

- 

1 

1 

(*)   Amount without considering the interim dividends of the year, according to the provisional financial statements of each company, generally as of December 31, 2019. In the carrying amount (net of provision), the Group´s ownership percentage has been applied, without 
considering the impairment of goodwill. Information on foreign companies at exchange rate as of December 31, 2019. 

 (**)  In accordance with  Article 3 of Royal Decree 1159/2010, of September 17, in order to determine the state, the voting power relating to subsidiaries was added to the voting power directly held by the parent. Therefore, the number of votes corresponding to the parent 
company (including indirect control subsidiaries), corresponds to each subsidiary holding a direct ownership interest.  

This Appendix is an integral part of Note 3 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

P.185 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
APPENDIX II. Additional information on investments joint ventures and associates in the BBVA Group 

Acquisitions or increases of interest ownership in consolidated subsidiaries 

Company 

Location 

Activity 

Direct 

Indirect 

Total 

Net carrying 
amount 

Assets 
31.12.19 

Liabilities 
31.12.19 

Equity 
excluding 
profit (loss) 
31.12.19 

Profit (loss)  
31.12.19 

% Legal share of participation  

Millions of Euros (*) 

Affiliate entity data 

ASSOCIATES 

ADQUIRA ESPAÑA, S.A. 

ATOM BANK PLC 

AUREA, S.A. (CUBA) 

COMPAÑIA ESPAÑOLA DE FINANCIACION DEL DESARROLLO SA 

COMPAÑIA PERUANA DE MEDIOS DE PAGO SAC (VISANET PERU) 

DIVARIAN PROPIEDAD, S.A.U. 

FIDEICOMISO F/00185 FIMPE - FIDEICOMISO F/00185 PARA EXTENDER A LA SOCIEDAD LOS 
BENEFICIOS DEL ACCESO A LA INFRAESTRUCTURA DE LOS MEDIOS DE PAGO 
ELECTRONICOS 

SPAIN 

COMMERCIAL 

UNITED KINGDOM  BANKING 

CUBA 

SPAIN 

PERU 

SPAIN 

REAL ESTATE 
PUBLIC ENTITIES AND 
INSTITUTIONS 
ELECTRONIC MONEY 
ENTITIES 
REAL ESTATE 

 -      

 40.00    

 39.02    

 -      

 40.00    

 39.02    

 -      

 49.00    

 49.00    

 16.67    

 -      

 16.67    

 -      

 21.03    

 21.03    

3 

136 

5 

23 

3 

19 

3,285 

10 

146 

103 

 20.00    

 -      

 20.00    

630 

3,252 

MEXICO 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

 -      

 28.50    

 28.50    

2 

8 

11 

3,024 

0 

6 

89 

101 

- 

7 

350 

9 

131 

5 

3,199 

13 

METROVACESA SA 

REDSYS SERVICIOS DE PROCESAMIENTO SL 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

 20.00    

 -      

 20.00    

REAL ESTATE 

 9.44    

 11.41    

 20.85    

443 

2,622 

280 

2,343 

 -      

 -      

 40.00    

 40.00    

 46.14    

 46.14    

ROMBO COMPAÑIA FINANCIERA SA 

ARGENTINA 

BANKING 

SERVICIOS ELECTRONICOS GLOBALES SA DE CV 

SERVIRED SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE MEDIOS DE PAGO SA 

MEXICO 

ESPAÑA 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

 28.72    

 -      

 28.72    

SOLARISBANK AG 

TELEFONICA FACTORING ESPAÑA SA 

TF PERU SAC 

JOINT VENTURES  

ADQUIRA MEXICO SA DE CV  

ALTURA MARKETS SOCIEDAD DE VALORES SA  

COMPAÑIA MEXICANA DE PROCESAMIENTO SA DE CV  

CORPORACION IBV PARTICIPACIONES EMPRESARIALES, S.A. (1) 

DESARROLLOS METROPOLITANOS DEL SUR, S.L.  

FIDEICOMISO DE ADMINISTRACION REDETRANS  
FIDEICOMISO F/402770-2 ALAMAR 

FIDEICOMISO 1729 INVEX ENAJENACION DE CARTERA (1) 

PROMOCIONS TERRES CAVADES, S.A.  
RCI COLOMBIA SA COMPAÑIA DE FINANCIAMIENTO 

VITAMEDICA ADMINISTRADORA, S.A. DE C.V  

 (*)  In foreign companies the exchange rate of December 31, 2019 is applied. 

  (1) Classified as Non-current asset in seld. 

GERMANY 

BANKING 

 -      

 22.22    

 22.22    

SPAIN 

PERU 

MEXICO 

SPAIN 

MEXICO 

SPAIN 

SPAIN 

COLOMBIA 
MEXICO 

MEXICO 

SPAIN 
COLOMBIA 

MEXICO 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

 30.00    

 -      

 30.00    

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

 -      

 24.30    

 24.30    

COMMERCIAL 

- 

50.00 

SECURITY DEALER 

50.00 

- 

SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 
REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 
FINANCIAL SERVICES 

SERVICES 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

50.00 

50.00 

50.00 

25.07 
42.40 

32.25 

39.11 
49.00 

51.00 

50.00 

50.00 

50.00 

50.00 

50.00 

25.07 
42.40 

32.25 

39.11 
49.00 

51.00 

This Appendix is an integral part of Notes 3 and 16 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

14 

10 

11 

8 

36 

4 

1 

2 

73 

9 

29 

14 

1 
8 

12 

4 
37 

5 

128 

118 

23 

31 

416 

60 

6 

6 

56 

93 

- 

3 

369 

46 

1 

2 

60 

28 

20 

27 

65 

7 

3 

4 

2,448 

2,301 

138 

17 

63 

81 

4 
18 

182 

15 
514 

19 

- 

5 

53 

- 
- 

- 

- 
439 

10 

16 

58 

27 

4 
18 

182 

15 
67 

9 

1 

(90) 

1 

9 

9 

(48) 

(4) 

(1) 

11 

(4) 

3 

1 

(18) 

7 

2 

- 

9 

1 

- 

2 

- 
- 

- 

- 
8 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.186 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
APPENDIX III. Changes and notification of participations in the BBVA Group in 2019 

Acquisitions or increases of interest ownership in consolidated subsidiaries 

Millions of Euros 

% of Voting rights 

Company 

Type of 
transaction 

Activity 

Price paid in the 
transactions + 
expenses directly 
attributable to the 
transactions 

Fair value of equity 
instruments 
issued for the 
transactions 

% participation 
(net) 
acquired 
in the year 

Total voting rights 
controlled after the 
transactions 

Effective date for the 
transaction (or 
notification date) 

Category 

DATA ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY MEXICO SA DE CV 

FOUNDING  

SERVICES 

DATA ARCHITECTURE  AND TECHNOLOGY OPERADORA SA DE CV 

FOUNDING 

SERVICES 

ANTHEMIS BBVA VENTURE PARTNERSHIP LLP 

CAPITAL INCREASE 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

BBVA PROCUREMENT AMERICA SA DE CV (1) 

FOUNDING  

SERVICES 

FIDEICOMISO INMUEBLES CONJUNTO RESIDENCIAL HORIZONTES DE 
VILLA CAMPESTRE 

FOUNDING  

REAL ESTATE 

OPENPAY COLOMBIA SAS 

FOUNDING  

PAYMENT INSTITUTIONS 

1 

- 

4 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

25.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

22-Jul-19 

22-Jul-19 

25-Nov-19 

4-Mar-19 

1-Sep-19 

9-Oct-19 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

(1) Company incorporated and liquidated in the same year. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.187
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Disposals or reduction of interest ownership in consolidated subsidiaries 

Millions of Euros 

% of Voting rights 

Company 

Type of transaction 

Activity 

Profit (loss) 
in the transaction 

Changes in the 
equity due to the 
transaction 

% Participation 
sold 
in the year 

Total voting rights 
controlled after the 
disposal 

Effective date for the 
transaction (or 
notification date) 

Category 

BBVA FRANCES VALORES, S.A. 

ENTIDAD DE PROMOCION DE NEGOCIOS SA 

BBVA NOMINEES LIMITED ( IN LIQUIDATION) 

BBVA LUXINVEST SA 

BBVA CONSULTORIA, S.A. 

RENTRUCKS ALQUILER Y SERVICIOS DE TRANSPORTE SA 
FIDEICOMISO Nº 711 EN BANCO INVEX SA INSTITUCION DE BANCA 
MULTIPLE INVEX GRUPO FINANCIERO FIDUCIARIO (FIDEIC. INVEX 1ª 
EMISION) 
FIDEICOMISO Nº 752 EN BANCO INVEX SA INSTITUCION DE BANCA 
MULTIPLE INVEX GRUPO FINANCIERO FIDUCIARIO (FIDEIC. INVEX 2ª 
EMISION) 
RESIDENCIAL CUMBRES DE SANTA FE, S.A. DE C.V. 

FINANCEIRA DO COMERCIO EXTERIOR SAR. 

ANIDA GERMANIA IMMOBILIEN ONE, GMBH 

SERVICIOS TECNOLOGICOS SINGULARES, S.A. 

COPROMED SA DE CV 

INVERSIONES DE INNOVACION EN SERVICIOS FINANCIEROS, S.L. 

PERSONAL DATA BANK SLU 

BBVA PROCUREMENT AMERICA SA DE CV (1) 

GARANTI HIZMET YONETIMI AS 

MERGER 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

SECURITIES DEALER 

OTHER HOLDING 

SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 
SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MERGER 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MERGER 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

MERGER 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

MERGER 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

REAL ESTATE 

COMMERCIAL 

REAL ESTATE 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

SERVICES 

SERVICES 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100.00% 

99.88% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

100.00% 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31-Oct-19 

14-Jun-19 

2-Apr-19 

2-Sep-19 

18-Feb-19 

30-Apr-19 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

30-May-19 

SUBSIDIARY 

30-Nov-19

SUBSIDIARY 

29-Nov-19 

21-Jan-19 

9-May-19 

25-Feb-19 

18-Oct-19 

16-Sep-19 

31-Dec-19 

11-Dec-19 

23-Dec-19 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

SUBSIDIARY 

(1) Company incorporated and liquidated in the same year.

P.188 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Changes and notification of participations in the BBVA Group in 2019 (continued) 

Business combinations and other acquisitions or increases of interest ownership in associates and joint-ventures accounted for under the equity method 

Company 

Type of transaction 

Activity 

Price paid in the 
transactions + 
expenses directly 
attributable to the 
transactions 

Fair value of equity 
instruments 
issued for the 
transactions 

% Participation (net) 
acquired 
in the year 

Total voting rights 
controlled after the 
transactions 

Effective date for the 
transaction (or notification 
date) 

Category 

PRIVACYCLOUD S.L. 

ACQUISITION 

SERVICES 

1 

- 

18.10% 

20.00% 

11-Oct-19 

ASSOCIATED 

Millions of Euros 

% of Voting rights 

Disposal or reduction of interest ownership in associates and joint-ventures companies accounted for under the equity method 

Millions of Euros 

% of Voting rights 

Company 

Type of transaction 

Activity 

Profit (loss) 
in the transaction 

% Participation 
sold 
in the year 

Total voting rights 
controlled after the 
disposal 

Effective date for the 
transaction (or 
notification date) 

Category 

REAL ESTATE DEAL II SA 

CANCUN SUN & GOLF COUNTRY CLUB, S.A.P.I. DE C.V. 

LIQUIDATION 

DISPOSAL 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

BANK OF HANGZHOU CONSUMER FINANCE CO LTD 

DILUTION EFFECT 

BANKING 

AXIACOM-CRI, S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

HABITATGES LLULL, S.L. 

PROMOCIONS CAN CATA, S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

RESIDENCIAL SARRIA-BONANOVA, S.L. EN LIQUIDACIÓN 

INNOVA 31, S.C.R., S.A.( EN LIQUIDACION) 

PROVIURE CZF, S.L. 

PROVIURE CZF PARC D'HABITATGES, S.L. 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

LIQUIDATION 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

FINANCIAL SERVICES 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

- 

10 

7 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

20.06% 

33.33% 

18.10% 

50.00% 

50.00% 

64.29% 

27.22% 

27.04% 

50.00% 

100.00% 

- 

- 

11.90% 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

11-Nov-19 

31-Dec-19 

29-Jul-19 

30-Oct-19 

20-Nov-19 

17-Jun-19 

31-Dec-19 

01-Mar-19 

31-Dec-19 

31-Dec-19 

JOINT VENTURE 

ASSOCIATED 

ASSOCIATED 

JOINT VENTURE 

JOINT VENTURE 

JOINT VENTURE 

ASSOCIATED 

ASSOCIATED 

JOINT VENTURE 

JOINT VENTURE 

This Appendix is an integral part of Notes 3 and 16 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.189 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
APPENDIX IV. Fully consolidated subsidiaries with more than 10% owned by non-Group shareholders as of December 31, 2019 

Company 

Activity 

BBVA BANCO CONTINENTAL SA 

BANCO PROVINCIAL SA - BANCO UNIVERSAL 

INVERSIONES BANPRO INTERNATIONAL INC NV 

PRO-SALUD, C.A. 

INVERSIONES P.H.R.4, C.A. 

BBVA PREVISION AFP SA ADM.DE FONDOS DE PENSIONES 

COMERCIALIZADORA CORPORATIVA SAC 

DISTRITO CASTELLANA NORTE, S.A. 

GESTION DE PREVISION Y PENSIONES SA 

F/403035-9 BBVA HORIZONTES RESIDENCIAL 

F/253863 EL DESEO RESIDENCIAL 

DATA ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY S.L. 

VOLKSWAGEN FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPAÑIA FINANCIERA SA 

FIDEICOMISO LOTE 6.1 ZARAGOZA 

F/11395 FIDEICOMISO IRREVOCABLE DE ADMINISTRACION CON DERECHO DE REVERSION 

VERIDAS DIGITAL AUTHENTICATION SOLUTIONS S.L. 

GARANTI BBVA EMEKLILIK AS 

FOMENTO Y DESARROLLO DE CONJUNTOS RESIDENCIALES S.L. EN LIQUIDACION 

BBVA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ESPAÑA SL 

JALE PROCAM, S.L. (IN LIQUIDATION) 

PSA FINANCE ARGENTINA COMPAÑIA FINANCIERA SA 

BANKING 

BANKING 

INVESTMENT COMPANY 

NO ACTIVITY 

NO ACTIVITY 

PENSION FUND MANAGEMENT 

FINANCIAL SERVICES  

REAL ESTATE 

PENSION FUND MANAGEMENT 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

SERVICES 

BANKING 

REAL ESTATE 

REAL ESTATE 

SERVICES 

INSURANCES 

IN LIQUIDATION 

SERVICES 

IN LIQUIDATION 

BANKING 

This Appendix is an integral part of Note 3 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

.

% of voting rights controlled by the Bank 

Direct 

- 

1.46 

48.00 

- 

- 

75.00 

- 

- 

60.00 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

76.00 

- 

- 

Indirect 

46.12 

53.75 

- 

58.86 

60.46 

5.00 

50.00 

75.54 

- 

65.00 

65.00 

51.00 

51.00 

59.99 

42.40 

51.00 

84.91 

60.00 

- 

50.00 

50.00 

Total 

46.12 

55.21 

48.00 

58.86 

60.46 

80.00 

50.00 

75.54 

60.00 

65.00 

65.00 

51.00 

51.00 

59.99 

42.40 

51.00 

84.91 

60.00 

76.00 

50.00 

50.00 

P.190
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX V. BBVA Group’s structured entities. Securitization funds 

Securitization fund (consolidated) 

Company 

Millions of Euros 

Origination 
date 

Total securitized 
exposures at the 
origination date 

Total securitized 
exposures as of 
December 31, 2019 (*) 

AYT HIPOTECARIO MIXTO IV, FTA 

AYT HIPOTECARIO MIXTO, FTA 

BBVA CONSUMER AUTO 2018-1 

BBVA CONSUMO 7 FTA 

BBVA CONSUMO 8 FT 

BBVA CONSUMO 9 FT 

BBVA EMPRESAS 4 FTA 

BBVA LEASING 1 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 1 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 10 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 11 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 12 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 13 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 14 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 15 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 16 FT 

BBVA RMBS 17 FT 

BBVA RMBS 18 FT 

BBVA RMBS 2 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 3 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 5 FTA 

BBVA RMBS 9 FTA 

BBVA VELA SME 2018 

BBVA-6 FTPYME FTA 

FTA TDA-22 MIXTO 

FTA TDA-27 

FTA TDA-28 

GAT ICO FTVPO 1, F.T.H 

HIPOCAT 10 FTA 

HIPOCAT 11 FTA 

HIPOCAT 7 FTA 

HIPOCAT 8 FTA 

HIPOCAT 9 FTA 

TDA 19 FTA 

TDA 20-MIXTO, FTA 

TDA 23 FTA 

TDA TARRAGONA 1 FTA 

VELA CORPORATE 2018-1 

BBVA Consumo 10FT 

BBVA RMBS 19 FT 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

06/2005 

03/2004 

06/2018 

07/2015 

07/2016 

03/2017 

07/2010 

06/2007 

02/2007 

06/2011 

06/2012 

12/2013 

07/2014 

11/2014 

05/2015 

05/2016 

11/2016 

11/2017 

03/2007 

07/2007 

05/2008 

04/2010 

03/2018 

06/2007 

12/2004 

12/2006 

07/2007 

06/2009 

07/2006 

03/2007 

06/2004 

05/2005 

11/2005 

03/2004 

06/2004 

03/2005 

12/2007 

12/2018 

07/2019 

11/2019 

100 

100 

800 

1,450 

700 

1,375 

1,700 

2,500 

2,500 

1,600 

1,400 

4,350 

4,100 

700 

4,000 

1,600 

1,800 

1,800 

5,000 

3,000 

5,000 

1,295 

1,950 

1,500 

112 

275 

250 

358 

1,500 

1,600 

1,400 

1,500 

1,000 

200 

100 

300 

397 

1,000 

2,000 

2,000 

15 

10 

736 

350 

337 

850 

25 

25 

897 

1,076 

940 

2,959 

2,908 

447 

2,945 

1,245 

1,460 

1,582 

1,664 

1,312 

2,187 

788 

873 

8 

22 

79 

76 

64 

253 

263 

192 

227 

176 

21 

12 

45 

103 

469 

1,946 

1,983 

Securitization fund (not consolidated) 

Company 

Millions of Euros 

Origination 
date 

Total securitized 
exposures at the 
origination date 

Total securitized 
exposures as of December 
31, 2019 (*) 

FTA TDA-18 MIXTO 

HIPOCAT 6 FTA 

      (*) Solvency scope. 

BBVA, S.A. 

BBVA, S.A. 

nov.-03 

jul.-03 

91 

850 

10 

93 

P.191 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX VI. Details of the outstanding subordinated debt and preferred securities issued 
by the Bank or entities in the Group consolidated as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017  

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 of subordinated issues 

Issuer entity and issued date  

Currency 

December 
2019 

December 
2018 

December 
2017 

Prevailing Interest 
Rate  
as of December 31, 
2019 

Maturity 
Date 

Millions of Euros 

Issues in Euros 

BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A. 

February-07 

March-08 

July-08 

February-14 

April-14 

February-15 

April-16 

February-17 

February-17 

May-17 

May-17 

September-18 

February-19 

March-19 

Different issues 

Subtotal 

BBVA SUBORDINATED CAPITAL, S.A.U. (*) 

October-05 

July-08 

Subtotal 

Total issues in euros 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

EUR 

- 

125 

100 

- 

- 

1,500 

1,000 

1,000 

165 

150 

500 

1,000 

750 

1,000 

379 

7,668 

- 

- 

- 

- 

125 

100 

1,500 

1,494 

1,500 

1,000 

1,000 

165 

150 

500 

990 

- 

- 

255 

125 

100 

1,500 

1,494 

1,500 

1,000 

997 

165 

150 

500 

- 

- 

- 

384 

8,906 

386 

8,171 

- 

- 

- 

99 

20 

119 

7,668 

8,906 

8,290 

0.47% 

6.03% 

6.20% 

7.00% 

3.50% 

6.75% 

8.88% 

3.50% 

16-Feb-22 

03-Mar-33 

4-Jul-23 

Perpetual 

11-Apr-24 

Perpetual 

Perpetual 

10-Feb-27 

4.00% 

24-Feb-32 

2.54% 

5.88% 

5.88% 

2.58% 

24-May-27 

Perpetual 

Perpetual 

22-Feb-29 

6.00% 

Perpetual 

0.47% 

6.11% 

13-Oct-20 

22-Jul-18 

(*)   The issuances of BBVA Subordinated Capital, S.A.U. are jointly, severally and unconditionally guaranteed by the Bank. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.192 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 of subordinated issues (continued) 

Issuer entity and issued date 

Currency 

December 2019 

Issues in foreign currency 

BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A. 

Millions of Euros 

December 
2018 

December 2017 

Prevailing 
Interest Rate  
as of December 
31, 2019 

Maturity  
Date 

May-13 

March-17 

November-17 

May-18 

September-19 

Subtotal 

May-17 

Subtotal 

BBVA GLOBAL FINANCE, LTD. (*) 

December-95 

Subtotal 

BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, 
CHILE (**) 

Different issues 

Subtotal 
BBVA BANCOMER S.A INSTITUCION DE 
BANCA MULTIPLE GRUPO FINANCIERO BBVA 
BANCOMER 

April-10 

March-11 

July-12 

November-14 

January-18 

September-19 

Subtotal 

BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA 
URUGUAY S.A 

Different issues 

Subtotal 

BBVA PARAGUAY (***) 

November-14 

November-15 

Subtotal 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 
USD 

CHF 

CHF 

USD 

USD 

CLP 

CLP 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 
USD 

USD 
USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

- 

107 

890 

265 

890 
2,152 

18 

18 

177 

177 

- 

- 

667 

667 

1,333 

178 

889 

667 
4,401 

2 
2 

18 

22 

40 

- 

105 

873 

260 

- 
1,238 

18 

18 

169 

169 

- 

- 

874 

1,092 

1,311 

175 

874 

- 
4,325 

- 
- 

19 

23 

42 

1,251 

100 

834 

- 

- 
2,185 

17 

17 

162 

162 

574 

574 

831 

1,039 

1,247 

166 

- 

- 
3,283 

- 
- 

17 

21 

38 

9.00% 

5.70% 

6.13% 

5.25% 

6.50% 

Perpetual 

31-Mar-32 

Perpetual 

29-May-33 

Perpetual 

1.60% 

24-May-27 

7.00% 

01-Dec-25 

7.25% 

6.50% 

6.75% 

5.35% 

5.13% 

22-Apr-20 

10-Mar-21 

30-Sep-22 

12-Nov-29 

18-Jan-33 

5.875% 

13-Sep-34 

6.75% 

6.70% 

05-Nov-21 

18-Nov-22 

(*)   The issuances of BBVA Global Finance, Ltd, are guaranteed (secondary liability) by the Bank 

(**) The €574 million subordinated issuances of BBVA Chile as of December 2017 were recorded in the heading "Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale". 

(***) The amount of 2019 is recorded under the heading “Liabilities included in disposal groups classified as held for sale”. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.193 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 of subordinated issues 

Millions of Euros 

Issuer entity and issued date 
(continued) 

Currency 

December 
2019 

December 
2018 

December 
2017 

Prevailing 
Interest Rate  
as of December 
31, 2019 

COMPASS BANK 

March-05 

March-06 

April-15 

Subtotal 

BBVA COLOMBIA, S.A. 

September-11 

September-11 

September-11 

February-13 

February-13 

November-14 

November-14 

Subtotal 

April-15 

Subtotal 

BANCO CONTINENTAL, S.A. 

June-07 

November-07 

July-08 

September-08 

December-08 

Subtotal 

May-07 

February-08 

October-13 

September-14 

Subtotal 

TURKIYE GARANTI BANKASI A.S. 

May-17 

Subtotal 

October-19 

Subtotal 

Total issues in foreign 
currencies(Millions of Euros) 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

COP 

COP 

COP 

COP 

COP 

COP 

COP 

COP 

USD 

USD 

PEN 

PEN 

PEN 

PEN 

PEN 

PEN 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

USD 

TRY 

TRY 

EUR 

203 

63 

623 

889 

- 

29 

42 

54 

45 

24 

34 

229 

333 

333 

22 

19 

17 

18 

11 

87 

18 

18 

41 

269 

346 

664 

664 

38 

38 

199 

62 

611 

872 

- 

28 

42 

53 

44 

24 

43 

233 

332 

332 

20 

18 

16 

17 

10 

82 

17 

18 

40 

252 

328 

652 

652 

- 

- 

190 

59 

584 

833 

28 

30 

44 

56 

46 

25 

45 

273 

313 

313 

20 

18 

16 

17 

10 

80 

17 

17 

38 

244 

315 

623 

623 

- 

- 

9,376 

8,291 

8,695  

Maturity 
Date 

01-Apr-20 

01-Apr-26 

10-Apr-25 

19-Sep-18 

19-Sep-21 

19-Sep-26 

19-Feb-23 

19-Feb-28 

26-Nov-29 

26-Nov-34 

5.50% 

5.90% 

3.88% 

8.31% 

8.48% 

8.72% 

7.65% 

7.93% 

8.53% 

8.41% 

4.88% 

21-Apr-25 

3.47% 

3.56% 

3.06% 

3.09% 

4.19% 

- 

6.00% 

6.47% 

6.53% 

5.25% 

18-Jun-32 

19-Nov-32 

08-Jul-23 

09-Sep-23 

15-Dec-33 

- 

14-May-27 

28-Feb-28 

02-Oct-28 

22-Sep-29 

6.13% 

24-May-27 

13.64% 

07-Oct-29 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.194 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Outstanding as of December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 of subordinated issues (Millions of euros) 

Issuer entity and issued date 

BBVA COLOMBIA SA 

December-93 

BBVA International Preferred, S.A.U. 

July-07 

Phoenix Loan Holdings Inc. 

November-00 

Caixa Terrasa Societat de Participacion 

August-05 

Caixasabadell Preferents, S.A. 

July-06 
Others 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

Currency 

Amount 
Issued 

Currency 

Amount 
Issued 

Currency 

Amount 
Issued 

COP 

20 

COP 

19 

COP 

- 

GBP 

37 

GBP 

35 

GBP 

35 

USD 

EUR 

EUR 

- 

19 

28 

56 

- 

USD 

EUR 

EUR 

- 

18 

52 

56 

- 

USD 

EUR 

EUR 

- 

18 

51 

56 

- 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.195 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX VII Consolidated balance sheets held in foreign currency as of December 31, 2019, 
2018 and 2017. 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Assets  

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other 
demand deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 
Non- trading financial assets mandatorily at fair 
value through profit or loss 
Financial assets at fair value through 
comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
Joint ventures and associates 

Tangible assets 
Other assets 

Total 

Liabilities  

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Other liabilities 

Total 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Assets  

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other 
demand deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 
Non- trading financial assets mandatorily at fair 
value through profit or loss 
Financial assets at fair value through 
comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Joint-ventures and associates 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 

Total 

Liabilities  

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Other liabilities 

Total 

USD 

Mexican 
pesos 

Turkish lira 

Other foreign 
currencies 

Total foreign 
currencies 

16,930 

5,549 

900 

14,269 

107,865 
5 

921 
1,946 

148,384 

4,063 

136,661 

5,555 

146,280 

4,414 

18,543 

3,509 

6,178 

56,963 
20 

2,214 
2,147 

93,989 

16,064 

54,733 

6,757 

77,555 

499 

242 

4 

2,748 

29,125 
- 

1,050 
1,174 

34,842 

170 

20,681 

881 

21,732 

5,330 

5,257 

116 

5,541 

35,906 
252 

1,026 
5,508 

58,934 

2,465 

36,758 

8,172 

47,394 

27,173 

29,591 

4,529 

28,735 

229,859 
277 

5,211 
10,775 

336,149 

22,762 

248,834 

21,365 

292,961 

USD 

Mexican 
pesos 

Turkish lira 

Other foreign 
currencies 

Total foreign 
currencies 

15,184 

3,133 

6,869 

15,500 

650 

2,303 

476 

366 

3 

3,031 

28,094 

- 

1,007 

1,361 

4,704 

47,550 

54 

1,964 

2,911 

81,856 

34,336 

13,626 

48,169 

6,081 

67,876 

360 

20,878 

750 

21,987 

5,547 

3,614 

58 

2,931 

34,075 

267 

850 

2,879 

50,221 

1,507 

37,342 

7,200 

46,049 

28,076 

22,614 

3,014 

27,232 

211,085 

326 

4,490 

10,595 

307,433 

17,864 

242,696 

17,904 

278,464 

16,566 

101,366 

5 

670 

3,444 

141,019 

2,372 

136,307 

3,874 

142,552 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.196 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of euros) 

Assets 

Cash, cash balances at central banks and other demand 
deposits 

Financial assets held for trading 

Available-for-sale financial assets 

Loans and receivables 

Investments in entities accounted for using the equity method 

Tangible assets 

Other assets 

Total 

Liabilities 

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Other liabilities 

Total 

USD 

Mexican 
Pesos 

Turkish Lira 

Other Foreign 
Currencies 

Total Foreign 
Currencies 

17,111 

2,085 

14,218 

93,069 

5 

659 

7,309 

134,456 

935 

135,546 

3,907 

140,387 

4,699 

14,961 

8,051 

39,717 

124 

1,953 

5,041 

827 

484 

4,904 

32,808 

-

1,289 

4,426 

74,546 

44,738 

5,714 

51,492 

8,720 

65,926 

506 

27,079 

1,039 

28,623 

4,264 

4,583 

3,010 

26,902 

22,113 

30,183 

34,488 

200,081 

147

673

18,662 

65,826 

533 

39,062 

16,593 

56,188 

276 

4,573 

35,438 

319,566 

7,688 

253,178 

30,259 

291,124 

This Appendix is an integral part of Notes 2.2.16 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 
2019. 

P.197 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX  VIII.  Consolidated  income  statements  for  the  first  and  second  half  of  2019  and 
2018 

Consolidated income statements for the first and second half of 2019 and 2018 

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS FOR THE FIRST AND SECOND HALF OF 2019 AND 2018 

Six months ended 
June 30, 2019 

Six months ended 
December 31, 2019 

Six months ended 
June 30, 2018 

Six months ended 
December 31, 2018 

Interest and other income 

Interest expense 

MARGEN DE INTERESES 

Dividend income  

Share of profit or loss of entities accounted for using the equity method  

Fee and commission income  

Fee and commission expense 
Gains (losses) on derecognition of financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair 
value through profit or loss, net 
Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net 
Gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit 
or loss, net 
Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit 
or loss, net 

Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net  

Exchange differences, net 

Other operating income  

Other operating expense 

Income from insurance and reinsurance contracts 

Expense from insurance and reinsurance contracts 

GROSS INCOME 

Administration costs  

     Personnel expense 

     Other administrative expense 

Depreciation and amortization 

Provisions or reversal of provisions 

Impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss or net gains by modification 

     Financial assets measured at amortized cost 

     Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

NET OPERATING INCOME 

Impairment or reversal of impairment of investments in joint ventures and associates 

Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of non - financial assets and subsidiaries, net 

Gains (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 
not qualifying as discontinued operations     

15,678 

(6,691) 

8,987 

103 

(19) 

3,661 

(1,191) 

67 

173 

98 

(3) 

73 

134 

337 

(995) 

1,547 

(983) 

11,989 

(5,084) 

(3,131) 

(1,953) 

(790) 

(261) 

(1,777) 

(1,772) 

(5) 

4,077 

- 

(44) 

8 

11 

15,383 

(6,168) 

9,215 

60 

(23) 

3,861 

(1,298) 

172 

278 

45 

(91) 

(14) 

452 

334 

(1,011) 

1,342 

(769) 

12,553 

(5,219) 

(3,210) 

(2,010) 

(809) 

(356) 

(2,374) 

(2,297) 

(77) 

3,794 

(46) 

(1,403) 

(11) 

10 

14,418 

(5,828) 

8,590 

83 

13 

3,553 

(1,073) 

130 

329 

3 

107 

51 

74 

554 

(1,062) 

1,601 

(1,091) 

11,863 

(5,297) 

(3,104) 

(2,193) 

(599) 

(184) 

(1,606) 

(1,618) 

12 

4,177 

- 

- 

80 

29 

PROFIT OR LOSS BEFORE TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

4,052 

2,346 

4,286 

15,413 

(6,411) 

9,001 

74 

(20) 

3,580 

(1,181) 

85 

378 

92 

35 

20 

(84) 

396 

(1,039) 

1,348 

(803) 

11,884 

(5,197) 

(3,016) 

(2,181) 

(609) 

(189) 

(2,375) 

(2,362) 

(13) 

3,513 

- 

(138) 

(2) 

786 

4,161 

Tax expense or income related to profit or loss from continuing operations 

PROFIT OR LOSS AFTER TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Profit (loss) after tax from discontinued operations, net 
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

Attributable to minority interest (non-controlling interest) 

Attributable to owners of the parent 

Euros 

EARNINGS PER SHARE   

     Basic earnings per share from continued operations 

     Diluted earnings per share from continued operations  

     Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations  

     Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations 

(1,136) 

2,916 

- 
2,916 

475 

2,442 

(917) 

1,429 

- 
1,429 

359 

1,070 

(1,184) 

(1,035) 

3,102 

- 
3,102 

528 

2,574 

3,125 

- 
3,125 

299 

2,826 

First 
semester 2019 

Second 
semester 
2019 

First 
semester 
2018 

Second 
semester 2018 

0.34 

0.34 

- 

- 

0.13 

0.13 

- 

- 

0.35 

0.35 

- 

- 

0.40 

0.40 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.198 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX IX. Financial Statements of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. 

ASSETS (Millions of Euros) 

CASH, CASH BALANCES AT CENTRAL BANKS AND OTHER DEMAND DEPOSITS 

FINANCIAL ASSETS HELD FOR TRADING 

Derivatives 
Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and advances to central banks 
Loans and advances to credit institutions 
Loans and advances to customers 

NON-TRADING FINANCIAL ASSETS MANDATORILY AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS 

Equity instruments 
Debt securities 
Loans and advances to central banks 
Loans and advances to credit institutions 
Loans and advances to customers 

FINANCIAL ASSETS DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

Equity instruments 
Debt securities 

FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTIZED COST 

Debt securities 
Loans and advances to central banks 
Loans and advances to credit institutions 
Loans and advances to customers 

DERIVATIVES - HEDGE ACCOUNTING 

2019 

18,419 

84,842 

32,988 
8,205 
10,213 
484 
20,688 
12,263 

855 

125 
128 
- 
- 
602 

- 

24,905 

1,749 
23,156 

225,369 

21,496 
5 
8,049 
195,819 

953 

2018 (*) 

30,922 

75,210 

30,217 
4,850 
11,453 
2,073 
14,588 
12,029 

1,726 

200 
150 
- 
- 
1,376 

- 

19,273 

2,020 
17,253 

219,127 

19,842 
5 
5,271 
194,009 

1,090 

FAIR VALUE CHANGES OF THE HEDGED ITEMS IN PORTFOLIO HEDGES OF INTEREST RATE RISK 

28 

(21) 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES, JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATES 

Subsidiaries 
Joint ventures 
Associates 

TANGIBLE ASSETS 

Property, plant and equipment 

For own use 
Other assets leased out under an operating lease 

Investment property 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS  

Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 

TAX ASSETS 

Current tax assets 
Deferred tax assets  

OTHER ASSETS  

Insurance contracts linked to pensions 
Inventories 
Other 

NON-CURRENT ASSETS AND DISPOSAL GROUPS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE  

30,563 

29,445 
54 
1,065 

4,467 

4,384 
4,384 
- 
83 

905 

- 
905 

13,760 

1,443 
12,317 

2,600 

2,096 
- 
504 

967 

30,734 

29,634 
58 
1,042 

1,739 

1,737 
1,737 
- 
2 

898 

- 
898 

13,990 

1,410 
12,580 

4,187 

2,032 
- 
2,155 

1,065 

TOTAL ASSETS 

408,634 

399,940 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.199 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES HELD FOR TRADING  

Derivatives 

Short positions 

Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES DESIGNATED AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT 
OR LOSS  

Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates issued 

Other financial liabilities 

Subordinated liabilities 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AT AMORTIZED COST  

Deposits from central banks 

Deposits from credit institutions 

Customer deposits 

Debt certificates 

Other financial liabilities 

Of which: Subordinated liabilities 

DERIVATIVES - HEDGE ACCOUNTING 

FAIR VALUE CHANGES OF THE HEDGED ITEMS IN PORTFOLIO HEDGES OF 
INTEREST RATE RISK 

PROVISIONS 

Pensions and other post employment defined benefit obligations 

Other long term employee benefits 

Provisions for taxes and other legal contingencies 

Commitments and guarantees given 

Other provisions 

TAX LIABILITIES  

Current tax liabilities 

Deferred tax liabilities 

OTHER LIABILITIES  

LIABILITIES INCLUDED IN DISPOSAL GROUPS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR 
SALE 

2019 

74,364 

32,503 

9,956 

1,867 

24,425 

5,612 

- 

- 

2018 (*) 

68,242 

29,748 

9,235 

5,149 

15,642 

8,468 

- 

- 

2,968 

1,746 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,968 

1,746 

- 

- 
- 

285,260 

24,390 

18,201 

191,461 

40,845 

10,362 
10,362 

1,471 

- 

4,616 

3,810 

25 

359 

235 

188 
1,120 

149 

972 
1,645 

- 

- 

- 
- 

283,157 

26,605 

20,539 

192,419 

35,769 

7,825 
10,588 

1,068 

- 

5,125 

4,043 

29 

348 

238 

467 
1,197 

126 

1,071 
1,996 

- 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

371,445 

362,531 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.200 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY (continued) (Millions of Euros) 

STOCKHOLDERS’ FUNDS 

Capital 

Paid up capital 

Unpaid capital which has been called up 

Share premium 

Equity instruments issued other than capital 

Equity component of compound financial instruments 

Other equity instruments issued 

Other equity 

Retained earnings 

Revaluation reserves 

Other reserves  

Less: treasury shares 

Profit or loss attributable to owners of the parent 

Less: interim dividends 

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss 

Actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit pension plans 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Hedge ineffectiveness of fair value hedges for equity instruments measured at fair value through 
other comprehensive income 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive 
income (hedged item) 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive 
income (hedging instrument) 

Fair value changes of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes 
in their credit risk  

Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss 

Hedge of net investments in foreign operations (effective portion) 

Foreign currency translation  

Hedging derivatives. Cash flow hedges (effective portion) 

Fair value changes of debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive 
income 

Hedging instruments (non-designated items) 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 

TOTAL EQUITY 

TOTAL EQUITY AND TOTAL LIABILITIES 

MEMORANDUM  ITEM - OFF BALANCE SHEET EXPOSURES (Millions of Euros) 

Loan commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

Other commitments given 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

2019 

2018 (*) 

37,570 

3,267 

3,267 

- 

37,417 

3,267 

3,267 

- 

23,992 

23,992 

- 

- 

- 

48 

9,107 

- 

1 

- 

2,241 

(1,086) 

(381) 

(520) 

(75) 

- 

(469) 

- 

- 

- 

24 

138 

- 

- 

(196) 

335 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

46 

8,829 

- 

(30) 

(23) 

2,450 

(1,114) 

(8) 

(152) 

(78) 

- 

(190) 

- 

- 

- 

116 

144 

- 

- 

(116) 

260 

- 

- 

37,189 

37,409 

408,634 

399,940 

2019 

2018 (*) 

73,582 

9,086 

28,151 

69,513 

9,197 

27,202 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.201 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

INCOME STATEMENTS (Millions of Euros) 

Interest income 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
Other interest income 

Interest  expense 
NET INTEREST INCOME 
Dividend income  
Fee and commission income  
Fee and commission expense 
Gains (losses) on derecognition of financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value through profit or 
loss, net 

Financial assets at amortized cost 
Other financial assets and liabilities 

Gains or (losses) on financial assets and liabilities held for trading, net 
Reclassification of financial assets from fair value through other comprehensive income 
Reclassification of financial assets from amortized cost 
Other profit or loss 

Gains (losses) on non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss, net 

Reclassification of financial assets from fair value through other comprehensive income 
Reclassification of financial assets from amortized cost 
Other profit or loss 

Gains (losses) on financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, net 

Gains (losses) from hedge accounting, net  
Exchange differences, net 
Other operating income  
Other operating expense 
GROSS INCOME 
Administrative expense 
Personnel expense 
Other administrative expense 

Depreciation and amortization 
Provisions or reversal of provisions 
Impairment or reversal of impairment on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss or 
net gains by modification 

Financial assets measured at amortized cost 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

NET OPERATING INCOME 

Impairment or reversal of impairment of investments in subsidiaries,  joint ventures and associates 

Impairment or reversal of impairment on non-financial assets 

Tangible assets 
Intangible assets 
Other assets 

Gains (losses) on derecognition of non - financial assets and subsidiaries, net 
Negative goodwill recognized in profit or loss 
Gains (losses) from non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale not qualifying as 
discontinued operations     
PROFIT (LOSS) BEFORE TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 
Tax expense or income related to profit or loss from continuing operations 
PROFIT (LOSS) AFTER TAX FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 
Profit (loss) after tax from discontinued operations 
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

2019 

5,011 

285 

4,373 
353 
(1,548) 
3,464 
3,304 
2,144 
(447) 

107 

35 
72 
375 
- 
- 
375 

35 

- 
- 
35 

(101) 

21 
(133) 
125 
(487) 
8,406 
(3,881) 
(2,394) 
(1,487) 
(673) 
(391) 

(254) 

(254) 

1 

3,208 

(889) 

(78) 
(80) 
- 
2 
(1) 
- 

(31) 

2,208 
33 
2,241 
- 
2,241 

2018 (*) 

4,877 

394 

4,293 
190 
(1,386) 
3,491 
3,115 
2,083 
(407) 

109 

3 
106 
364 
- 
- 
364 

78 

- 
- 
78 

(41) 

46 
(60) 
108 
(474) 
8,412 
(4,077) 
(2,328) 
(1,749) 
(452) 
(566) 

(267) 

(278) 

11 

3,050 

(1,537) 

(27) 
(23) 
- 
(4) 
(16) 
- 

1,004 

2,474 
(24) 
2,450 
- 
2,450 

 
 
 
 
 
P.202 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

STATEMENTS OF RECOGNIZED INCOME AND EXPENSE (Millions of Euros) 

2019 

2018 (*) 

PROFIT RECOGNIZED IN INCOME STATEMENT 

OTHER RECOGNIZED INCOME (EXPENSE) 

ITEMS NOT SUBJECT TO RECLASSIFICATION TO INCOME STATEMENT 

Actuarial gains (losses) from defined benefit pension plans 
Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale 

Fair value changes of equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income  

Gains (losses) from hedge accounting of equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income, 
net  
Fair value changes of financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss attributable to changes in their credit 
risk 
Other valuation adjustments 
Income tax related to items not subject to reclassification to income statement 

ITEMS SUBJECT TO RECLASSIFICATION TO INCOME STATEMENT 
Hedge of net investments in foreign operations (effective portion) 
Foreign currency translation  

Translation gains (losses) taken to equity 

Transferred to profit or loss 

Other reclassifications 

Cash flow hedges (effective portion) 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 

Transferred to profit or loss 

Transferred to initial carrying amount of hedged items 

Other reclassifications 

Hedging instruments (non-designated elements) 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 

Transferred to profit or loss 

Other reclassifications 

Debt securities at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Valuation gains (losses) taken to equity 

Transferred to profit or loss 

Other reclassifications 

Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale 
Income tax relating to items subject to reclassification to income statements 

TOTAL RECOGNIZED INCOME/EXPENSE 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

2,241 

(373) 

(367) 
3 
- 

(271) 

- 

(133) 

34 

(6) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

(115) 

(115) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
107 

173 

(66) 

- 
- 
2 

1,868 

2,450 

(383) 

(125) 
(48) 
- 

(199) 

- 

166 

(45) 

(257) 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

29 

29 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
(396) 

(292) 

(104) 

- 
- 
110 

2,067 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.203 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Statement of changes in equity for the year ended December 31, 2019 of BBVA, S.A. 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

 2019 

Capital 

Share 
premium 

Equity instruments 
issued other than 
capital 

Other Equity 

Retained 
earnings 

Revaluation 
reserves 

Other 
reserves 

(-) Treasury 
shares 

Balances as of January 1, 2019 

Effect of changes in accounting policies  

Adjusted initial balance 

Total income/expense recognized 

Other changes in equity 

Issuances of common shares 

Issuances of preferred shares 

Issuance of other equity instruments 

Period or maturity of other issued equity 
instruments 

Conversion of debt on equity 

Common Stock reduction 

Dividend distribution 

Purchase of treasury shares 

Sale or cancellation of treasury shares 
Reclassification of financial liabilities to other 
equity instruments 

Reclassification of other equity instruments to 
financial liabilities 

Transfers between total equity entries 

Increase/Reduction of equity due to business 
combinations 

Share based payments 

Other increases or (-) decreases in equity 

3,267 

23,992 

- 

- 

3,267 

23,992 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balances as of December 31, 2019 

3,267 

23,992 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

46 

- 

46 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,829 

- 

8,829 

- 

278 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,067) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

1,345 

- 

- 

2 

- 

- 

- 

48 

9,107 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(30) 

1 

(29) 

- 

29 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

36 

- 

- 

(8) 

- 

- 

1 

1 

(23) 

- 

(23) 

- 

23 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(933) 

956 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Profit or 
loss 
attributable 
to owners 
of the 
parent 

Interim 
dividends 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Total 

2,450 

(1,114) 

- 

- 

(8) 

37,409 

- 

1 

2,450 

(1,114) 

(8) 

37,410 

2,241 

(2,450) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

28 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,086) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,450) 

1,114 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(373) 

1,868 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,089) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,153) 

(933) 

993 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3 

2,241 

(1,086) 

(381) 

37,189 

 
P.204 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 
Statement of changes in equity for the year ended December 31, 2018 of BBVA, S.A. 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Millions of Euros) 

2018 (*) 

Balances as of January 1, 2018 

Effect of changes in accounting policies 

Adjusted initial balance 

Total income/expense recognized 

Other changes in equity 

Issuances of common shares 

Issuances of preferred shares 

Issuance of other equity instruments 
Settlement or maturity of other equity instruments 
issued  
Conversion of debt on equity 

Common Stock reduction 

Dividend distribution 

Purchase of treasury shares 

Sale or cancellation of treasury shares 
Reclassification of other equity instruments to 
financial liabilities 
Reclassification of financial liabilities to other 
equity instruments 
Transfers within total equity 
Increase/Reduction of equity due to business 
combinations 
Share based payments 

Other increases or (-) decreases in equity 

Capital 

Share 
Premium 

3,267 

23,992 

- 

- 

3,267 

23,992 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Balances as of December 31, 2018 

3,267 

23,992 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

Equity 
instruments 
issued other 
than capital 

47 

(47) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Other Equity 

Retained 
earnings 

Revaluation 
reserves 

Other 
reserves 

(-) Treasury 
shares 

Profit or 
loss 
attributable 
to owners 
of the 
parent 

Interim 
dividends 

Accumulated 
other 
comprehensive 
income 

Total 

- 

47 

47 

- 

(1) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,766 

8,766 

- 

63 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1) 

1,063 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

46 

8,829 

12 

(12) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9,445 

(9,421) 

24 

- 

(54) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(5) 

- 

- 

(25) 

(23) 

- 

(1) 

(30) 

2,083 

(1,045) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

129 

2,212 

2,450 

(23) 

(2,212) 

(129) 

(1,174) 

- 

60 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,114) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,212) 

1,174 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,288) 

1,265 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

409 

(35) 

374 

38,211 

(702) 

37,509 

(382) 

2,067 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,167) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(2,114) 

(1,288) 

1,260 

- 

- 

- 

(23) 

- 

(1) 

(23) 

2,450 

(1,114) 

(8) 

37,409 

 
 
 
P.205 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

CASH FLOWS STATEMENTS (Millions of Euros) 

A) CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES (1+2+3+4+5) 

1.Profit for the year 

2.Adjustments to obtain the cash flow from operating activities: 

Depreciation and amortization 

Other adjustments 

3.Net increase/decrease in operating assets  

Financial assets held for trading 
Non-trading financial assets mandatorily at fair value through profit or loss 

Other financial assets designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income 

Financial assets at amortized cost 

Other operating assets 

4.Net increase/decrease in operating liabilities  

Financial liabilities held for trading 

Other financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial liabilities at amortized cost 

Other operating liabilities 

5.Collection/Payments for income tax 

B) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES (1+2) 

1.Investment  

Tangible assets 

Intangible assets 

Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates  

Other business units 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale and associated liabilities 

Other settlements related to investing activities 

2.Divestments 

Tangible assets 

Intangible assets 

Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates  

Other business units 

Non-current assets classified as held for sale and associated liabilities 

Other collections related to investing activities 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

2019 

(9,761) 

2,241 

1,755 

673 

1,082 

(19,440) 

(9,632) 

871 

- 

(5,632) 

(6,242) 

1,195 

5,716 

6,122 

1,222 

(968) 

(660) 

(33) 

(373) 

(904) 

(119) 

(317) 

(196) 

- 

(272) 

- 

531 

10 

- 

103 

- 

418 

- 

2018 (*) 

17,079 

2,450 

1,227 

452 

775 

10,926 

2,178 

3,087 

- 

3,409 

3,081 

(829) 

2,451 

(2,718) 

754 

5,735 

(1,320) 

24 

(2,049) 

(7,081) 

(372) 

(314) 

(6,083) 

- 

(312) 

- 

5,032 

50 

- 

1,678 

- 

3,304 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
P.206 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

CASH FLOWS STATEMENTS (Continued) (Millions of Euros) 

C) CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (1 + 2) 

1. Payments 

Dividends 

Subordinated liabilities 

Treasury stock amortization 

Treasury stock acquisition 

Other items relating to financing activities 

2. Collections 

Subordinated liabilities 

Common stock increase 

Treasury stock disposal 

Other items relating to financing activities 

D) EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES 

2019 

2018 (*) 

(2,314) 

(6,114) 

(2,153) 

(3,005) 

- 

(956) 

- 

3,799 

2,640 

- 

993 

167 

(54) 

(2,468) 

(5,006) 

(2,114) 

(1,627) 

- 

(1,265) 

- 

2,538 

1,262 

- 

1,260 

16 

(143) 

E) NET INCREASE/DECREASE IN CASH OR CASH EQUIVALENTS (A+B+C+D) 

(12,503) 

12,418 

F) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF THE YEAR 

G) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR (E+F) 

30,922 

18,419 

18,503 

30,922 

COMPONENTS OF CASH AND EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR (Millions of Euros) 

Cash 
Balance of cash equivalent in central banks 
Other financial assets 
Less: Bank overdraft refundable on demand 
TOTAL CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF THE YEAR 

(*) 

Presented for comparison purposes only. 

2019 
1,046 
15,417 
1,956 
- 
18,419 

2018 (*) 
975 
27,290 
2,656 
- 
30,922 

This Appendix is an integral part of Notes 2.1 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
P.207 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
APPENDIX  X.  Information  on  data  derived  from  the  special  accounting  registry  and  other 
information bonds 

The Bank has implemented policies and procedures for its activities in the mortgage market and in the financing of exportation of goods 
and services or the process of internationalization of companies, which allow ensuring compliance with the applicable regulations of the 
mortgage market and for the issuance of bonds. 

a) 

Mortgage market policies and procedures 

Information required pursuant to Circular 5/2011 of the Bank of Spain is indicated as follows. 

The mortgage origination policy is based on principles focused on assessing the adequate ratio between the amount of the loan, and the 
payments, and the income of the applicant. Applicants must in all cases prove sufficient repayment ability (present and future) to meet 
their repayment obligations, for both the mortgage debt and for other debts detected in the financial system. Therefore, the applicant’s 
repayment ability is a key aspect within the credit decision-making tools and retail risk acceptance manuals, and has a high weighting in 
the final decision.  

During the mortgage risk transaction analysis process, documentation supporting the applicant’s income (payroll, etc.) is required, and 
the applicant’s position in the financial system is checked through automated database queries (internal and external). This information 
is  used  for  calculation  purposes  in  order  to  determine  the  level  of  indebtedness/compliance  with  the  remainder  of  the  system.  This 
documentation is kept in the transaction’s file. 

In addition, the mortgage origination policy assesses the adequate ratio between the amount of the loan and the appraisal value of the 
mortgaged asset. The policy also establishes that the property to be mortgaged be appraised by an independent appraisal company as 
established  by  Circular  3/2010  and  Circular  4/2016.  BBVA  selects  those  companies  whose  reputation,  standing  in  the  market  and 
independence ensure that their appraisals adapt to the market reality in each region. Each appraisal is reviewed and checked before the 
loan is granted and, in those cases where the loan is finally granted, it is kept in the transaction’s file. 

As  for  issues  related  to  the  mortgage  market,  the  Finance  area  annually  defines  the  strategy  for  wholesale  finance  issues,  and  more 
specifically mortgage bond issues, such as mortgage covered bonds or mortgage securitization. The Assets and Liabilities Committee 
tracks the budget monthly. The volume and type of assets in these transactions is determined in accordance with the wholesale finance 
plan, the trend of the Bank’s “Loans and receivables” outstanding balances and the conditions in the market. 

The Board of Directors of the Bank authorizes each of the issues of Mortgage Transfer Certificates and/or Mortgage Participations issued 
by  BBVA  to  securitize  the  credit  rights  derived  from  loans  and  mortgage  loans.  Likewise,  the  Board  of  Directors  authorizes  the 
establishment  of  a  Base  Prospectus  for  the  issuance  of  fixed-income  securities  through  which  the  mortgage-covered  bonds  are 
implemented. 

As established in article 24 of Royal Decree 716/2009, of April, 24, by virtue of which certain aspects of Law 2/1981, of 25 March, of 
regulation  of  the  mortgage  market  and  other  rules  of  the  mortgage  and  financial  system  are  developed,  “the  volume  of  outstanding 
mortgage-covered bonds issued by a bank may not exceed 80% of a calculation base determined by adding the outstanding principal of all 
the loans and mortgage loans in the bank’s portfolio that are eligible” and which are not covered by the issue of mortgage bonds, mortgage 
participations or mortgage transfer certificates. For these purposes, in accordance with the aforementioned Royal Decree 716/2009, in 
order to be eligible, loans and mortgage loans, on a general basis: (i) must be secured by a first mortgage on the freehold; (ii) the loan’s 
amount  may  not  exceed  80%  of  the  appraisal  value  for  residential  mortgages,  and  60%  for  other  mortgage  lending;  (iii)  must  be 
established  on  assets  exclusively  and  wholly  owned  by  the  mortgagor;  (iv)  must  have  been  appraised  by  an  independent  appraisal 
company unrelated to the Group and authorized by the Bank of Spain; and (v) the mortgaged property must be covered at least by a 
current damage insurance policy.  

The Bank has set up a series of controls for mortgage covered bonds, which regularly control the total volume of issued mortgage covered 
bonds issued and the remaining eligible collateral, to avoid exceeding the maximum limit set by Royal Decree 716/2009, and outlined in 
the preceding paragraph. In the case of securitizations, the preliminary portfolio of loans and mortgage loans to be securitized is checked 
according  to  an  agreed  procedures  engagement,  by  the  Bank’s  external  auditor  as  required  by  the  Spanish  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission.  There  is  also  a  series  of  filters  through  which  some  mortgage  loans  and  credits  are  excluded  in  accordance  with  legal, 
commercial and risk concentration criteria. 

 
P.208 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
b) Quantitative information on activities in the mortgage market 

The quantitative information on activities in the mortgage market required by Bank of Spain Circular 5/2011 as of December 31, 2019 and 
2018 is shown below. 

b.1)   Ongoing operations 

Mortgage loans. Eligibility for the purpose of the mortgage market (Millions of Euros) 

Nominal value of outstanding loans and mortgage loans 

December 
2019 
92,757 

December 
2018 
97,519 

Minus: Nominal value of all outstanding loans and mortgage loans that form part of the portfolio, but 
have been mobilized through mortgage bond holdings or mortgage transfer certificates 

(30,173) 

(29,781) 

Nominal value of outstanding loans and mortgage loans, excluding securitized loans 

62,584 

67,738 

Of which:  Loans and mortgage loans which would be eligible if the calculation limits set forth in 
article 12 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009 were not applied.  

44,759 

45,664 

Of which: Minus: Loans and mortgage loans which would be eligible but, according to the criteria 
set forth in Article 12 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009, cannot be used to collateralize any 
issuance of mortgage bonds.  

(1,191) 

(1,240) 

Eligible loans and mortgage loans that, according to the criteria set forth in article 12 of 
Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009, can be used as collateral for the issuance of mortgage bonds 

43,568 

44,424 

Issuance limit: 80% of eligible loans and mortgage loans that can be used as collateral 

Issued Mortgage-covered bonds 

Outstanding Mortgage-covered bonds 

Capacity to issue mortgage-covered bonds 

Memorandum items:  

Percentage of overcollateralization across the portfolio  

Percentage of overcollateralization across the eligible used portfolio 

Nominal value of available sums (committed and unused) from all loans and mortgage loans 

Of which: Potentially eligible 

Of which: Ineligible 

34,854 

32,422 

14,832 

2,432 

193% 

134% 

5,841 

4,935 

906 

35,539 

24,301 

15,207 

11,238 

279% 

183% 

5,267 

4,517 

750 

Nominal value of all loans and mortgage loans that are not eligible, as they do not meet the thresholds 
set in Article 5.1 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009, but do meet the rest of the eligibility requirements 
indicated in Article 4 of the Royal Decree 

9,989 

12,827 

Nominal value of the replacement assets subject to the issue of mortgage-covered bonds 

- 

- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.209 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Mortgage loans. Eligibility for the purpose of the mortgage market  (Millions of Euros) 

Total loans 

Issued mortgage participations 

Of which: recognized on the balance sheet 

Issued mortgage transfer certificates 

Of which: recognized on the balance sheet 

Mortgage loans as collateral of mortgages bonds 

December 
2019 

December 
2018 

92,757 

97,519 

4,494 

3,213 

4,360 

2,927 

25,679 

25,422 

22,899 

23,590 

- 

- 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Loans supporting the issuance of mortgage-covered bonds  

1-2-3-4 

62,584 

67,738 

Non-eligible loans 
Comply requirements to be eligible except the limit provided for under the article 5.1 of the 
Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009 

Other 

Eligible loans 
That cannot be used as collateral for issuances  

That can be used as collateral for issuances  

Loans used to collateralize mortgage bonds 

Loans used to collateralize mortgage-covered bonds 

Mortgage loans. Classification of the nominal values according to different characteristics (Millions of Euros) 

17,825 

22,074 

9,989 

7,836 

12,827 

9,247 

44,759 

45,664 

1,191 

1,240 

43,568 

44,424 

- 

- 

43,568 

44,424 

TOTAL 
By source of the operations 
Originated by the bank 
Subrogated by other institutions 
Rest 
By Currency 
In Euros 
In foreign currency 
By payment situation 
Normal payment 
Other situations 
By residual maturity 
Up to 10 years 
10 to 20 years 
20 to 30 years 
Over 30 years 
By Interest rate 
Fixed rate 
Floating rate 
Mixed rate 
By target of operations 
For business activity 

Of which: public housing 
Of which: For households 

By type of guarantee 

Secured by completed assets/buildings 
Residential use 

Of which: public housing 

Commercial 
Other 
Secured by assets/buildings under construction 
Residential use 

Of which: public housing 

Commercial 
Other 
Secured by land 
Urban 
Non-urban 

December 2019 

December 2018 

Total mortgage 
loans 

Eligible 
loans(*) 

Eligible that can be 
used as collateral 
for issuances (**) 

Total mortgage 
loans 

Eligible 
loans(*) 

Eligible that can 
be used as 
collateral for 
issuances (**) 

62,584 

44,759 

43,568 

67,738 

45,664 

44,424 

57,541 
838 
4,205 

62,263 
321 

53,983 
8,601 

13,788 
26,923 
17,528 
4,345 

11,408 
51,176 
- 
- 
11,709 
2,333 
50,875 

60,638 
52,831 
4,039 
7,779 
28 
1,103 
862 
5 
241 
- 
843 
321 
522 

40,462 
650 
3,647 

44,564 
195 

41,331 
3,428 

10,376 
22,521 
10,562 
1,300 

6,768 
37,991 
- 
- 
6,825 
1,529 
37,934 

43,823 
39,329 
3,238 
4,484 
10 
671 
560 
1 
111 
- 
265 
98 
167 

39,316 
644 
3,608 

43,373 
195 

40,608 
2,960 

10,071 
21,836 
10,398 
1,263 

6,720 
36,848 
- 
- 
5,918 
743 
37,650 

42,920 
38,594 
3,094 
4,316 
10 
446 
335 
1 
111 
- 
202 
43 
159 

62,170 
797 
4,771 

67,255 
483 

56,621 
11,117 

15,169 
28,317 
18,195 
6,057 

10,760 
56,978 
- 

13,308 
2,770 
54,430 

65,535 
56,880 
4,464 
8,618 
37 
1,014 
721 
18 
293 
- 
1,189 
478 
711 

40,962 
664 
4,038 

45,362 
302 

41,688 
3,976 

11,226 
22,907 
9,973 
1,558 

5,545 
40,119 
- 

7,107 
1,455 
38,557 

44,912 
40,098 
3,423 
4,803 
11 
369 
234 
1 
135 
- 
383 
134 
249 

39,799 
660 
3,965 

44,122 
302 

41,057 
3,367 

10,808 
22,344 
9,752 
1,520 

5,467 
38,957 
- 

6,196 
682 
38,228 

43,884 
39,276 
3,278 
4,597 
11 
261 
150 
1 
111 
- 
279 
47 
232 

(*)   Not taking into account the thresholds established by article 12 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009. 

(**) Taking into account the thresholds established by article 12 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.210 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

December 2019. Nominal value of the total mortgage loans (Millions of Euros)  

Home mortgages 

Other mortgages 

Total 

Loan to value (Last available appraisal risk)  

Less than or 
equal to 
40% 

Over 40% 
but less than 
or equal to 
60% 

Over 60% 
but less than 
or equal to 
80% 

Over 80%  Total 

13,713 

2,484 
16,197 

14,821 

2,179 
17,000 

11,562 

11,562 

- 

- 

40,096 

4,663 
44,759 

December 2018. Nominal value of the total mortgage loans (Millions of Euros) 

Loan to Value (Last available appraisal risk) 

Less than or 
equal to 
40% 

Over 40% 
but less 
than or 
equal to 
60% 

Over 60% 
but less 
than or 
equal to 
80% 

Over 80% 

Total 

Home mortgages 

Other mortgages 
Total 

13,792 

2,506 
16,298 

15,459 

2,203  
17,662 

11,704 

- 

11,704  

40,955 

4,709 
45,664 

Eligible and non-eligible mortgage loans. Changes of the nominal values in the year (Millions of Euros) 

Balance at the beginning 

Retirements 

Held-to-maturity cancellations 

Anticipated cancellations 

Subrogations to other institutions 

Rest 

Additions 

Originated by the bank 

Subrogations to other institutions 

Rest 
Balance at the end 

December 2019 

December 2018 

Eligible (*)  Non-eligible 

Eligible (*) 

Non-eligible 

45,664 

22,074 

48,003 

24,762 

7,447 

4,363 

2,231 

22 

831 

6,542 

3,219 

4 

3,319 
44,759 

8,498 

1,062 

2,054 

10 

5,372 

4,249 

3,235 

2 

1,012 
17,825 

7,994 

4,425 

2,227 

25 

1,317 

5,655 

2,875 

15 

2,765 
45,664 

7,483 

1,883 

2,625 

13 

2,962 

4,795 

3,376 

7 

1,412 
22,074 

(*) Not taking into account the thresholds established by Article 12 of Spanish Royal Decree 716/2009. 

Mortgage loans supporting the issuance of mortgage-covered bonds. Nominal value (Millions of Euros) 

Potentially eligible 

Non eligible 

Total 

December 2019 

December 2018 

4,935 

906 

5,841 

4,517 

750 

5,267 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.211 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

b.2)   Liabilities operations 

Issued mortgage bonds (Millions of Euros) 

December 2019 

December 2018 

Nominal value 

Average 
residual 
maturity 

Nominal value 

Average 
residual 
maturity 

Mortgage bonds 

Mortgage-covered bonds  

Of which: Not recognized as liabilities on balance 

Of Which: Outstanding 

Debt certificates issued through public offer 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 
Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 
Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 
Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 
Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 
Residual maturity over 10 years 
Debt certificates issued without public offer 
Residual maturity up to 1 year 
Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 
Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 
Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 
Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 
Residual maturity over 10 years 

Deposits 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 
Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 
Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 
Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 
Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 
Residual maturity over 10 years 

Mortgage participations 

Issued through public offer  

Issued without public offer 

Mortgage transfer certificates 

Issued through public offer  
Issued without public offer 

- 

32,422 

14,832  

17,590  

12,501  

2,051  
2,750  
1,250  
3,250  
3,000  
200  
17,662  
50  
1,500  
2,000  
9,000  
5,112  
-  

2,260  

246  
425  
368  
100  
471  
650  

3,213 

3,213 

- 

22,899 

22,899 
- 

- 

24,301 

9,093  

15,207  

12,501  

-  
2,051  
2,750  
3,500  
4,000  
200  
9,161  
-  
50  
1,500  
2,500  
5,111  
-  

2,640  

380  
246  
425  
468  
471  
650  

2,927 

2,927 

- 

23,590 

23,590 
- 

267 

267 

- 

267 

267 
- 

269 

269 

- 

269 

269 
- 

Given the characteristics of the type of covered bonds issued by the Bank, there is no substituting collateral related to these issues. 

The Bank does not hold any derivative financial instruments relating to mortgage bond issues, as defined in the aforementioned Royal 
Decree. 

c) Quantitative information on internationalization covered bonds  

Below is the quantitative information of BBVA, S.A. internationalization covered bonds required by Bank of Spain Circular 4/2017 as of 
December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.212 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

c.1)   Assets operations 

Principal outstanding payment of loans (Millions of Euros) 

Eligible loans according to article 34.6 y 7 of the Law 14/2013 

3,621 

3,369 

Minus: Loans that support the issuance of internationalization bonds 

Minus: NPL to be deducted in the calculation of the issuance limit, according to 
article 13 del Royal Decree 579/2014 

- 

1 

- 

4 

Total loans included in the base of all issuance limit 

3,620 

3,365 

Nominal value 
December 2019 

Nominal value 
December 2018 

c.2)   Liabilities operations 

Internationalization covered bonds (Millions of Euros) 

(1) Debt certificates issued through public offer (a) 

Of which: Treasury shares 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 

Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 

Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 

Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 

Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 

Residual maturity over 10 years 

(2) Debt certificates issued without public offer (a) 

Of which: Treasury shares 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 

Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 

Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 

Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 

Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 

Residual maturity over 10 years 

(3) Deposits (b) 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 

Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 

Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 

Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 

Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 

Residual maturity over 10 years 

TOTAL: (1) + (2) + (3) 

Coverage ratio of internationalization covered bonds on loans (c) 

Nominal value 
December 
2019 

Nominal value 
December 
2018 

1,500 

1,500 

- 

- 

1,500 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,500 

1,500 

1,500 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,500 

1,500 

Percentage 

Percentage 

41% 

45% 

(a)  Balance  that  includes  all  internationalization  covered  bonds  issued  by  the  entity  pending  amortization,  although  they  are  not  recognized  in  the  liability 

(because they have not been placed to third parties or have been repurchased). 

(b)  Nominative bonds.  

(c) 

Percentage that results from the value of the quotient between the nominal value of the issued and non-overdue bonds, even if they are not recognized in the 
liability, and the nominal value balance pending collection of the loans that serve as guarantee. 

Given the characteristics of the Bank's internationalization covered bonds, there are no substitute assets assigned to these issuances. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.213 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
d) Territorial bonds 

d.1)   Assets operations 

December 2019. Loans that serves as collateral for the territorial bonds (Millions of euros) 

Nominal value (a) 

Total 

Spanish residents 

Residents in other countries of 
the European Economic Area 

Central governments 

Regional governments 

Local governments 

Total loans 

(a)  Principal pending payment of loans. 

1,473 

7,691 

4,151 

13,315 

1,345 

7,662 

4,151 

13,158 

December 2018. Loans that serves as collateral for the territorial bonds (Millions of Euros) 

128 

29 

- 

157 

Central governments 

Regional governments 

Local governments 

Total loans 

(a)  Principal pending payment of loans. 

d.2)   Liabilities operations 

Territorial bonds (Millions of Euros) 

Territorial bonds issued (a) 

Issued through a public offering 

Of which: Treasury stock 

Residual maturity up to 1 year 

Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 

Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 

Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 

Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 

Residual maturity over 10 years 

Other issuances 

Of which: Treasury stock 

Residual maturity over 1 year and less than 2 years 

Residual maturity over 2 years and less than 3 years 

Residual maturity over 3 years and less than 5 years 

Residual maturity over 5 years and less than 10 years 
Residual maturity over 10 years 

Coverage ratio of the territorial bonds on loans (b) 

Nominal value (a) 

Total 

Spanish residents 

Residents in other 
countries of the 
European Economic Area 

1,637 

8,363 

5,145 

15,145 

1,592 

8,333 

5,145 

15,070 

45 

30 

- 

75 

Nominal value 
December 2019 

Nominal value 
December 2018 

8,040 

8,040 

7,540 

4,500 

2,000 

840 

700 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,540 

7,540 

7,040 

- 

4,500 

2,000 

1,040 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Percentage 

Percentage 

60% 

50% 

(a) Includes the nominal value of all loans that serve as collateral for the territorial bonds, regardless of the item in which they are included in the 
balance sheet. Principal pending payment of loans. The territorial bonds include all the instruments issued by the entity pending amortization, 
although they are not recognized in the liability (because they have not been placed to third parties or have been repurchased). 

(b)  Percentage  that  results  from  the  value  of  the  quotient  between  the  nominal  value  of  the  issued  and  non-overdue  bonds,  even  if  they  are  not 

recognized in the liability, and the nominal value balance pending collection of the loans that serve as guarantee. 

This Appendix is an integral part of Notes 14.3 and 22.4 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 
31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.214 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

APPENDIX XI. 
Spain Circular 6/2012 

Quantitative  information  on  refinancing  and  restructuring  operations  and  other  requirement  under  Bank  of 

a) Quantitative information on refinancing and restructuring operations 

The breakdown of refinancing and restructuring operations as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Unsecured loans 

DECEMBER 2019 BALANCE OF FORBEARANCE 
    (Millions of Euros) 

TOTAL 

Secured loans 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

- 

73 

387 

68,121 

1,131 

173,403 

241,984 

- 

93 

8 

5,085 

400 

1,510 

6,696 

- 

64 

62 

18,283 

1,314 

67,513 

85,922 

- 

64 

4 

3,646 

688 

5,827 

9,541 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 
- 

49 

3 

1,810 

393 

4,414 

6,276 

Rest of secured 
loans 

- 

- 

- 

178 

32 

33 

211 

- 

11 

6 

3,252 

428 

1,519 

4,788 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

Unsecured loans 

Of  which:  IMPAIRED 

Secured loans 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 

Rest of secured 
loans 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

(*)  Number of operations does not include Garanti BBVA. 

- 

45 

241 

- 

41 

6 

- 

30 

30 

- 

21 

2 

- 

16 

1 

39,380 

3,148 

11,706 

2,466 

1,020 

819 

96,429 

136,095 

321 

758 

3,954 

790 

34,463 

46,229 

445 

2,908 

5,396 

210 

2,006 

3,044 

- 

- 

- 

50 

4 

17 

67 

- 

7 

6 

2,923 

392 

1,229 

4,164 

Includes mortgage-backed real estate operations with loan to value ratio of greater than 1, and secured operations, other than transactions secured by real estate mortgage regardless of their loan to value ratio. 

The accumulated impairment or accumulated losses in fair value due to credit risk correspond to €624 million of collective loss allowances and €4,164 million of specific loss allowances.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.215 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

Unsecured loans 

DECEMBER 2018 BALANCE OF FORBEARANCE 
    (Millions of Euros) 

TOTAL 

Secured loans 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 

Rest of secured 
loans 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

- 

75 

252 

- 

111 

13 

- 

46 

29.360 

- 

64 

5 

- 

52 

3 

44.271 

4,483 

15,493 

4,177 

2,200 

734 

193.061 

237.659 

258 

1,326 

5,933 

1,627 

355.466 

400,365 

962 

6,990 

11,236 

501 

5,083 

7,338 

- 

- 

- 

221 

12 

150 

371 

- 

15 

6 

3,148 

517 

1,716 

4,885 

Unsecured loans 

Of  which:  IMPAIRED 

Secured loans 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 

Rest of secured 
loans 

- 

46 

133 

- 

65 

4 

- 

12 

29.320 

- 

16 

4 

- 

8 

2 

- 

- 

- 

25.420 

2,723 

9,922 

2,777 

1,192 

100 

631 

116.916 

142.515 

200 

741 

3,533 

1,145 

42.403 

81,657 

656 

3,673 

6,470 

254 

2,435 

3,636 

1 

26 

126 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

- 

10 

5 

2,773 

477 

1,414 

4,202 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

(*)  Number of operations does not include Garanti BBVA. 

Includes mortgage-backed real estate operations with loan to value ratio of greater than 1, and secured operations, other than transactions secured by real estate mortgage regardless of their loan to value ratio. 

The accumulated impairment or accumulated losses in fair value due to credit risk correspond to €682 million of collective loss allowances and €4,202 million of specific loss allowances. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.216 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

Unsecured loans 

DECEMBER 2017 BALANCE OF FORBEARANCE 
    (Millions of Euros) 

TOTAL 

Secured loans 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 

Rest of secured 
loans 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

- 

69 

4,727 

- 

105 

36 

- 

135 

93 

- 

430 

8 

- 

112 

1 

113,464 

4,672 

17,890 

6,258 

3,182 

1,812 

163,101 

281,361 

398 

1,325 

6,138 

3,495 

109,776 

127,894 

2,345 

8,477 

15,173 

1,995 

6,891 

10,186 

- 

302 

- 

251 

- 

18 

571 

- 

18 

21 

3,579 

1,327 

1,373 

4,991 

Unsecured loans 

Secured loans 

Of  which:  IMPAIRED 

Number of operations 

Gross carrying 
amount 

Number of operations  Gross carrying amount 

Real estate 
mortgage secured 

Rest of secured 
loans 

Maximum amount of secured loans that 
can be considered 

Accumulated impairment or 
accumulated losses in fair 
value due to credit risk 

Credit institutions 

General Governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial 
business) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (corporate 
non-financial activities) 

Of which: financing the construction and property (including 
land) 

Other households (*) 

Total 

- 

50 

126 

- 

72 

5 

- 

45 

16 

- 

29 

2 

- 

22 

- 

95,427 

2,791 

10,994 

4,144 

1,983 

1,538 

105,468 

201,071 

208 

747 

3,615 

2,779 

47,612 

58,667 

1,961 

4,330 

8,506 

1,273 

3,270 

5,275 

- 

- 

- 

66 

- 

6 

72 

- 

16 

5 

3,361 

1,282 

1,231 

4,612 

(*)  Number of operations does not include Garanti BBVA. 

Includes mortgage-backed real estate operations with loan to value ratio of greater than 1, and secured operations, other than transactions secured by real estate mortgage regardless of their loan to value ratio. 

The accumulated impairment or accumulated losses in fair value due to credit risk correspond to €378 million of collective loss allowances and €4,612 million of specific loss allowances.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.217 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

In addition to the restructuring and refinancing transactions mentioned in this section, loans that were not considered impaired or renegotiated have been modified based on the criteria set out 
in the accounting regulation that applies. These loans have not been classified as renegotiated or impaired, since they were modified for commercial or competitive reasons (for instance, to 
improve relationships with clients) rather than for economic or legal reasons relating to the borrower's financial situation. 

The table below provides a breakdown by segments of the forbearance operations (net of provisions) as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

Forbearance operations. Breakdown by segments (Millions of Euros) 

Credit institutions 
Central governments 

Other financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (financial activity) 

Non-financial corporations and individual entrepreneurs (non-financial 
activity) 

Of which: Financing the construction and property development (including 
land) 

Households 
Total carrying amount 

Financing classified as non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale 

NPL ratio by type of renegotiated loan 

December 2019 

December 2018 

December 2017 

- 
147 

6 

5,479 

660 

5,818 
11,450 

- 

- 
160 

13 

5,512 

702 

6,600 
12,284 

- 

- 
518 

24 

7,351 

1,416 

8,428 
16,321 

- 

The non-performing ratio of the renegotiated portfolio is defined as the impaired balance of renegotiated loans that shows signs of difficulties as of the closing of the reporting period, divided by 
the total payment outstanding in that portfolio. 

As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the non-performing ratio for each of the portfolios of renegotiated loans is as follows: 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P.218 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2019. NPL ratio renegotiated loan portfolio 

General governments 
Commercial 

Of which: Construction and developer 

Other consumer 

December 2018. NPL ratio renegotiated loan portfolio 

General governments 
Commercial 

Of which: Construction and developer 

Other consumer 

b) Qualitative information on the concentration of risk by activity and guarantees 

Loans and advances to customers by activity (carrying amount)  

Ratio of impaired loans - past due 

39% 
64% 
70% 
50% 

Ratio of impaired loans - past due 

47% 
64% 
70% 
53% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.219 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Collateralized loans and receivables -Loans and advances to customers. 
Loan to value 

Total (*) 

Mortgage 
loans 

Secured 
loans 

Less than 
or equal to 
40% 

Over 40% but 
less than or 
equal to 60% 

Over 60% but 
less than or 
equal to 80% 

Over 80% 
but less than 
or equal to 
100% 

Over 100% 

29,257 

23,114 

176,474 

15,171 

7,146 

154,157 

104,661 

49,496 

167,117 

110,178 

46,356 

10,583 

1,067 

281 

26,608 

4,497 

756 

21,355 

8,665 

12,690 

108,031 

104,796 

507 

2,728 

10,886 

13,699 

30,313 

2,114 

468 

27,731 

19,058 

8,673 

5,582 

2,332 

2,075 

1,175 

4,914 

1,856 

22,901 

2,313 

499 

20,089 

12,647 

7,442 

23,057 

20,831 

450 

1,776 

1,510 

219 

10,082 

1,765 

248 

8,069 

3,620 

4,449 

27,714 

26,639 

316 

759 

1,077 

103 

8,478 

1,476 

152 

6,850 

3,828 

3,022 

32,625 

31,707 

174 

744 

3,651 

11,688 

5,270 

457 

106 

4,707 

2,727 

1,980 

20,529 

18,701 

1,502 

326 

801 

115 

10,190 

600 

219 

9,371 

4,901 

4,470 

9,688 

9,250 

140 

298 

395,962 

135,987 

60,480 

52,728 

39,525 

42,283 

41,138 

20,794 

General governments 

Other financial institutions 

Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

Construction and property development  

Construction of civil works 

Other purposes 

Large companies  

SMEs (**) and individual entrepreneurs  

Rest of households and NPISHs (***) 

Housing  

Consumption  

Other purposes  

TOTAL 

MEMORANDUM ITEM: 

Forbearance operations (****) 

11,450 

7,396 

256 

1,547 

1,427 

1,572 

1,247 

1,859 

(*) 

  The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

(**)   

  Small and medium enterprises. 

(***) 

  Nonprofit institutions serving households. 

(****)  Net of provisions.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.220 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Collateralized loans and receivables -Loans and advances to customers. 
Loan to value  

Total (*) 

Mortgage 
loans 

Secured 
loans 

Less than 
or equal to 
40% 

Over 40% but 
less than or 
equal to 60% 

Over 60% but 
less than or 
equal to 80% 

Over 80% 
but less than 
or equal to 
100% 

Over 100% 

30,488 

20,802 

173,493 

14,323 

7,775 

151,394 

97,132 

54,262 

163,068 

111,007 

40,124 

11,938 

1,056 

233 

29,001 

5,226 

1,082 

22,694 

9,912 

12,782 

109,578 

105,817 

522 

3,239 

7,750 

12,549 

32,371 

2,539 

620 

29,212 

19,069 

10,143 

5,854 

2,419 

2,600 

835 

1,729 

1,167 

25,211 

1,979 

703 

22,529 

13,918 

8,611 

21,974 

19,981 

489 

1,505 

1,856 

221 

11,121 

2,556 

285 

8,281 

3,979 

4,302 

27,860 

26,384 

587 

888 

1,119 

93 

9,793 

2,140 

195 

7,459 

4,019 

3,440 

33,200 

32,122 

306 

772 

3,514 

11,209 

5,087 

486 

200 

4,401 

2,245 

2,156 

21,490 

19,345 

1,597 

547 

588 

92 

10,160 

605 

319 

9,235 

4,820 

4,416 

10,908 

10,404 

142 

362 

387,850 

139,868 

58,524 

50,082 

41,058 

44,206 

41,300 

21,747 

General governments 

 Other financial institutions 

 Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

 Construction and property development  

 Construction of civil works 

 Other purposes 

 Large companies  

 SMEs (**) and individual entrepreneurs  

Rest of households and NPISHs (***) 

 Housing  

 Consumption  

 Other purposes  

 TOTAL 

MEMORANDUM: 

Forbearance operations (****) 

12,284 

8,325 

523 

1,508 

1,421 

1,769 

1,527 

2,623 

(*) 

    The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

(**) 

    Small and medium enterprises 

(***) 

     Nonprofit institutions serving households. 

(****)    Net of provisions.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.221 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Collateralized credit risk. Loan to value 

Total (*) 

Mortgage 
loans 

Secured 
loans 

Less than 
or equal to 
40% 

Over 40% but 
less than or 
equal to 60% 

Over 60% but 
less than or 
equal to 80% 

Over 80% 
but less than 
or equal to 
100% 

Over 100% 

32,294 

18,669 

172,338 

14,599 

7,733 

150,006 

93,604 

56,402 

165,024 

114,709 

40,705 

9,609 

998 

319 

39,722 

10,664 

1,404 

27,654 

10,513 

17,142 

114,558 

111,604 

670 

2,284 

7,167 

12,910 

24,793 

1,066 

521 

23,206 

16,868 

6,338 

8,395 

128 

4,784 

3,483 

1,540 

314 

11,697 

1,518 

449 

9,729 

2,769 

6,960 

19,762 

18,251 

1,058 

452 

179 

277 

5,878 

876 

358 

4,644 

1,252 

3,392 

22,807 

22,222 

256 

330 

475 

106 

5,183 

1,049 

289 

3,845 

1,023 

2,823 

25,595 

25,029 

192 

374 

532 

11,349 

9,167 

1,313 

162 

7,692 

3,631 

4,061 

22,122 

21,154 

316 

652 

5,440 

1,183 

32,591 

6,974 

667 

24,950 

18,706 

6,244 

32,667 

25,076 

3,632 

3,959 

388,325 

155,597 

53,266 

33,312 

29,142 

31,359 

43,170 

71,882 

 General governments 

 Other financial institutions 

Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

Construction and property development  

 Construction of civil works 

Other purposes 

 Large companies  

SMEs (**) and individual entrepreneurs  

Rest of households and NPISHs (***) 

Housing  

Consumption  

Other purposes  

 TOTAL 

MEMORANDUM: 

Forbearance operations (****) 

16,321 

6,584 

5,117 

1,485 

1,315 

1,871 

1,580 

5,451 

(*) 

    The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

(**) 

    Small and medium enterprises 

(***) 

     Nonprofit institutions serving households. 

(****)    Net of provisions.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.222 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

c) Information on the concentration of risk by activity and geographical areas 

December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Credit institutions 
General governments 

Central Administration 

Other 

Other financial institutions 

Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

Construction and property development  

Construction of civil works 

Other purposes 

Large companies  

SMEs and individual entrepreneurs  

Other households and NPISHs 

Housing  

Consumer 

Other purposes  

TOTAL 

TOTAL(*) 

Spain 

European Union 
Other 

America 

Other 

109,471 

134,929 

96,639 

38,290 

52,406 

232,034 

18,915 

10,607 

202,512 

147,643 

54,869 

167,379 

110,178 

46,358 

10,843 

696,219 

23,127 

56,478 

39,573 

16,905 

13,822 

70,762 

3,538 

5,403 

61,821 

37,402 

24,419 

90,829 

75,754 

11,954 

3,121 

255,018 

40,332 

9,861 

9,505 

356 

19,828 

25,963 

361 

1,303 

24,299 

23,310 

989 

3,180 

725 

675 

1,780 

99,165 

31,851 

57,174 

36,287 

20,887 

15,749 

92,198 

11,688 

1,431 

79,079 

61,858 

17,221 

62,098 

30,557 

25,897 

5,644 

259,070 

14,161 

11,416 

11,274 

142 

3,007 

43,111 

3,328 

2,470 

37,313 

25,073 

12,240 

11,272 

3,142 

7,832 

298 

82,967 

(*)  The definition of risk for the purpose of this statement includes the following items on the public balance sheet: “Loans and advances to credit institutions”, “Loans and advances”, “Debt securities”, “Equity instruments”, “Other equity 

securities”, “Derivatives and hedging derivatives”, “Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates” and “Guarantees given and contingent risks”. The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

 
 
 
 
 
P.223 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Credit institutions 
General governments 

Central Administration 

Other 

Other financial institutions 

Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

Construction and property development  

Construction of civil works 

Other purposes 

Large companies  

SMEs and individual entrepreneurs  

Other households and NPISHs 

Housing  

Consumer 

Other purposes  

TOTAL 

TOTAL (*) 

Spain 

European Union 
Other 

America 

Other 

113,978 

123,382 

87,611 

35,771 

49,166 

226,487 

17,697 

11,430 

197,361 

137,150 

60,211 

163,443 

111,007 

40,124 

12,312 

35,728 

53,686 

35,691 

17,995 

13,784 

70,536 

3,497 

5,789 

61,250 

36,964 

24,286 

91,977 

78,414 

10,303 

3,259 

33,440 

11,081 

10,756 

325 

17,977 

24,565 

244 

1,535 

22,786 

22,114 

672 

3,383 

765 

629 

1,989 

31,234 

50,092 

32,735 

17,357 

15,345 

87,419 

10,113 

1,762 

75,543 

53,423 

22,120 

56,777 

28,034 

22,036 

6,707 

676,456 

265,710 

90,447 

240,867 

13,575 

8,523 

8,428 

95 

2,061 

43,967 

3,843 

2,343 

37,781 

24,649 

13,132 

11,306 

3,794 

7,155 

357 

79,432 

(*)  The definition of risk for the purpose of this statement includes the following items on the public balance sheet: “Loans and advances to credit institutions”, “Loans and advances”, “Debt securities”, “Equity instruments”, “Other equity 

securities”, “Derivatives and hedging derivatives”, “Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates” and “Guarantees given and contingent risks”. The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

 
 
 
 
 
P.224
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-
language version prevails. 

December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Credit institutions 
General governments 

Central Administration 

Other 

Other financial institutions 

Non-financial institutions and individual entrepreneurs 

Construction and property development  

Construction of civil works 

Other purposes 

Large companies  

SMEs and individual entrepreneurs  

Other households and NPISHs 

Housing  

Consumer 

Other purposes  

TOTAL 

TOTAL(*) 

Spain 

European Union 
Other 

America 

Other 

70,141 

121,863 

83,673 

38,190 

48,000 

228,227 

18,619 

12,348 

197,260 

134,454 

62,807 

165,667 

114,710 

40,705 

10,251 

10,606 

55,391 

35,597 

19,794 

19,175 

78,507 

4,623 

6,936 

66,948 

43,286 

23,662 

93,774 

81,815 

8,711 

3,248 

34,623 

11,940 

11,625 

316 

14,283 

20,485 

339 

1,302 

18,843 

17,470 

1,373 

3,609 

2,720 

649 

241 

13,490 

44,191 

26,211 

17,980 

12,469 

80,777 

8,834 

2,267 

69,676 

48,016 

21,660 

53,615 

24,815 

22,759 

6,041 

11,422 

10,341 

10,240 

101 

2,074 

48,458 

4,822 

1,843 

41,793 

25,681 

16,112 

14,669 

5,361 

8,587 

721 

633,899 

257,453 

84,940 

204,542 

86,964 

(*)  The definition of risk for the purpose of this statement includes the following items on the public balance sheet: “Loans and advances to credit institutions”, “Loans and advances”, “Debt securities”, “Equity instruments”, “Other equity 

securities”, “Derivatives and hedging derivatives”, “Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates” and “Guarantees given and contingent risks”. The amounts included in this table are net of loss allowances. 

This Appendix is an integral part of Note 7.1 and 55.2 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019.

P.225
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX XII. Additional information on risk concentration 

a) Sovereign risk exposure

The table below provides a breakdown of exposure to financial assets (excluding derivatives and equity instruments), as of December 31, 
2019, 2018 and 2017 by type of counterparty and the country of residence of such counterparty. The below figures do not take into account 
accumulated other comprehensive income, loss allowances or loan-loss provisions: 

Risk exposure by countries (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 
Italy 
Turkey 
Portugal 
Germany 
United Kingdom 
France 
Netherlands 
Romania 
Rest of Europe 
Subtotal Europe 

Mexico 
The United States 
Colombia 
Argentina 
Peru 
Venezuela 
Rest of countries 
Subtotal rest of countries 

Sovereign risk 

December 2019  December 2018  December 2017 

55,575  
7,810  
7,999  
924  
224  
43  
93  
1  
480  
142  
73,291 

32,630  
19,802  
1,828  
1,557  
582  
7  
3,726  
60,131 

52,970  
9,249  
7,998  
529  
362  
51  
122  
9  
493  
197  
71,981 

26,562  
18,645  
2,577  
628  
750  
1  
955  
50,118 

54,625  
9,827  
9,825  
722  
259  
41  
383  
16  
417  
229  
76,343 

25,114  
14,059  
2,320  
1,192  
535  
137  
1,761  
45,119 

Total exposure to financial instruments 

133,421 

122,099 

121,462 

The exposure to sovereign risk set out in the above table includes positions held in government debt securities in countries where the 
Group operates. They are used for ALCO’s management of the interest-rate risk on the balance sheets of the Group’s entities in these 
countries, as well as for hedging of pension and insurance commitments by insurance entities within the BBVA Group. 

The table below provides a breakdown of the exposure of the Group’s credit institutions to sovereign risk as of December 31, 2019  by 
type  of  financial 
instrument  and  the  country  of  residence  of  the  counterparty,  under  EBA  (European  Banking  Authority) 
requirements: 

P.226 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Exposure to Sovereign Risk by European Union Countries. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Derivatives 

Direct exposure 

Indirect exposure 

Debt securities 

Loans and 
advances 

Total 

% 

Notional 
value 

Fair value 
+ 

Fair value 
- 

Notional 
value 

Fair value 
+ 

Fair value 
- 

Spain 

Italy 

Portugal 

Germany 

United Kingdom 

France  

Netherlands 

Romania 

Rest of European Union 
Total Exposure to Sovereign 
Counterparties (European Union) 

Mexico 

The United States 

Turkey 

Rest of other countries 

Total other countries 

23,925  

26,980  

800  

30  

4,887  

3,183  

1,854  

486  

-

468  

- 

479  

370  

180  

-  

37 

35 

- 

-  

61  

32,467 

30,476 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

142  

942 

(17)

-

(77)

- 

- 

-

- 

- 

(877)

(722)

377 

199 

- 

388 

- 

- 

(2)

(35) 

1,191  

(2,195) 

49,836   39% 

287  

(1,088) 

6,547  

5% 

1,788  

(1,347) 

2,775  

2% 

6  

- 

(16) 

675  

1% 

- 

37  

0% 

208  

(17) 

1,082  

1% 

- 

- 

2  

- 

- 

- 

0% 

480  

0% 

(2) 

537  

0% 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

30 

(96) 

(670) 

3,482 

(4,665) 

61,967  48% 

21,399  

8,414  

1,492  

8,741  

11,023  

3,739  

4,234  

29  

- 

5,376  

2,212  

39,255 

25,883 

2,463  

3,983 

2  

1  

- 

46  

49 

(104) 

-

-

8 

112 

(7)

-

45  

-

(6) 

31,204   24% 

(45) 

19,906  

15% 

(8)

7,957  

6% 

(200) 

(304) 

(572)

(459) 

3,593  

(4,766) 

8,152  

6% 

3,638 

(4,826) 

67,219  52% 

Total  

71,722 

56,359 

4,925 

79 

(400) 

(1,129) 

7,120 

(9,491)  129,186  100% 

This  table  shows  sovereign  risk  balances  with  EBA  criteria.  Therefore,  sovereign  risk  of  European  countries  of  the  Group’s  insurance 
companies (€11,614 million as of December 31, 2019) is not included. Includes credit derivatives CDS (Credit Default Swaps) shown at fair 
value. 

P.227 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

b)  Concentration of risk on activities in the real-estate market in Spain 

Quantitative information on activities in the real-estate market in Spain 

The following quantitative information on real-estate activities in Spain has been prepared using the reporting models required by Bank of 
Spain Circular 5/2011, of November 30.  

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, exposure to the construction sector and real-estate activities in Spain stood at €9,943 €11,045 
and €11,981 million, respectively. Of that amount, risk from loans to construction and real-estate development activities accounted for 
€2,649, €3,183 and €5,224 million, respectively, representing 1.4%, 1.7% and 2.9% of loans and advances to customers of the balance 
of  business  in  Spain  (excluding  the  general  governments)  and  0.4%,  0.5%  and  0.8%  of  the  total  assets  of  the  Consolidated  Group, 
respectively. 

Lending for real estate development of the loans as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017is shown below: 

December 2019. Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and Real Estate development and lending for house purchase (Millions of Euros) 

Gross amount 

Drawn over the 
guarantee value 

Accumulated 
impairment 

Financing to construction and real estate development (including land) (Business in Spain) 

Of which: Impaired assets 

Memorandum item: 

Write-offs 

Memorandum item: 

Total loans and advances to customers, excluding the General Governments (Business in Spain) (book 
value) 

Total consolidated assets (total business) (book value) 

Impairment and provisions for normal exposures 

2,649 

567 

2,265   

- 

185,893 

698,690   

(4,934) 

688 

271 

(286) 

(252) 

December 2018. Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and Real Estate development and lending for house purchase (Millions of Euros) 

Gross amount 

Drawn over the 
guarantee value 

Accumulated 
impairment 

Financing to construction and real estate development (including land) (Business in Spain) 

Of which: Impaired assets 

Memorandum item: 

Write-offs 

Memorandum item: 

Total loans and advances to customers, excluding the General Governments (Business in Spain) (book 
value) 

Total consolidated assets (total business) (book value) 

Impairment and provisions for normal exposures 

3,183 

875 

2,619   

183,196 
676,689   

(4,938) 

941 

440 

(537) 

(463) 

December 2017. Financing Allocated by credit institutions to Construction and Real Estate Development and lending for house purchase (Millions of Euros) 

Gross amount 

Drawn over the 
guarantee value 

Accumulated 
impairment 

Financing to construction and real estate development (including land) (Business in Spain) 

Of which: Impaired assets 

Memorandum item: 

Write-offs 

Memorandum item: 

Total loans and advances to customers, excluding the General Governments (Business in Spain) 
(book Value) 

Total consolidated assets (total business) (book value) 

Impairment and provisions for normal exposures 

5,224 

2,660 

2,289   

174,014 
690,059   

(5,843) 

The following is a description of the real estate credit risk based on the types of associated guarantees: 

2,132 

1,529 

(1,500) 

(1,461) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.228 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and real estate development and lending for house 
purchase (Millions of Euros) 

  December 2019  December 2018  December 2017 

Without secured loan 

With secured loan  

Terminated buildings 

Homes 

Other 

Buildings under construction 

Homes 

Other 

Land 

Urbanized land 

Rest of land 

Total 

298 

2,351 

1,461 

1,088 

373 

545 

348 

197 

345 

240 

105 
2,649 

324 

2,859 

1,861 

1,382 

479 

432 

408 

24 

566 

364 

202 
3,183 

552 

4,672 

2,904 

2,027 

877 

462 

439 

23 

1,306 

704 

602 
5,224 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 55.2%, 58.5%, and 55.6% of loans to developers were guaranteed with buildings (74.5%, 74.3% 
and  69.8%,  are  homes),  and  only  13.0%,  17.8%  and  25.0%  by  land,  of  which  69.6%,  64.3%  and  53.9%  %  are  in  urban  locations, 
respectively. 

The table below provides the breakdown of the financial guarantees given as of December 31, December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017: 

Financial guarantees given (Millions of Euros) 

Houses purchase loans 

Without mortgage 

  December 2019 

December 2018  December 2017 

44 

5 

48 

24 

64 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.229 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The information on the retail mortgage portfolio risk (housing mortgage) as of December 31, December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017is as 
follows: 

December 2019. Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and Real Estate development and lending for house purchase. (Millions of euros) 

Houses purchase loans 

Without mortgage 

With mortgage 

Gross amount 

Of which: impaired loans 

76,961 

1,672 

75,289 

2,943 

22 

2,921 

December 2018. Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and Real Estate development and lending for house purchase. (Millions of 
Euros) 

Houses purchase loans 

Without mortgage 

With mortgage 

Gross amount 

Of which: impaired loans 

80,159 

1,611 

78,548 

3,852 

30 

3,822 

December 2017. Financing allocated by credit institutions to construction and Real Estate development and lending for house purchase. (Millions of Euros) 

Houses purchase loans 

Without mortgage 

With mortgage 

Gross amount 

Of which: impaired loans 

83,505 

1,578 

81,927 

4,821 

51 

4,770 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
P.230 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

The loan to value (LTV) ratio of the above portfolio is as follows: 

LTV breakdown of mortgage to households for the purchase of a home (business in Spain) (Millions of Euros) 

Total risk over the amount of the last valuation available (Loan to value-LTV) 

Less than or 
equal to 
40% 

Over 40% 
but less than 
or equal to 
60% 

Over 60% 
but less than 
or equal to 
80% 

Over 80% but 
less than or 
equal to 
100% 

Over 100% 

Total 

15,105 
182 

14,491 
204 

14,485 
293 

19,453 
313 

18,822 
323 

18,197 
444 

20,424 
506 

21,657 
507 

20,778 
715 

11,827 
544 

13,070 
610 

14,240 
897 

8,480 
1,376 

10,508 
2,178 

14,227 
2,421 

75,289 
2,921 

78,548 
3,822 

81,927 
4,770 

Gross amount 2019 

Of which: Impaired loans 

Gross amount 2018 

Of which: Impaired loans 

Gross amount 2017 

Of which: Impaired loans 

Outstanding home mortgage loans as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 had an average LTV of 47%, 49%, and 51% respectively. 

The breakdown of foreclosed, acquired, purchased or exchanged assets from debt from loans relating to business in Spain, as well as the 
holdings and financing to non-consolidated entities holding such assets is as follows: 

Information about assets received in payment of debts (Business in Spain) (Millions of euros) 

Real estate assets from loans to the construction and real estate development sectors 
in Spain. 

Terminated buildings 

Homes 

Other 

Buildings under construction 

Homes 

Other 

Land 

Urbanized land 

Rest of land 

Real estate assets from mortgage financing for households for the purchase of a home 

Rest of foreclosed real estate assets  

Equity instruments, investments and financing to non-consolidated companies holding 
said assets 

Total 

December 2019 

Gross 
Value 

Provisions 

Of which: Valuation 
adjustments on 
impaired assets, 
from the time of 
foreclosure 

Carrying 
amount 

1,048 

378 

221 

157 

79 

78 

1 

591 

547 

44 

1,192 

451 

1,380 

4,071 

555 

150 

81 

69 

44 

43 

1 

361 

338 

23 

612 

233 

293 

1,693 

266 

58 

33 

25 

24 

24 

- 

184 

167 

17 

153 

37 

255 

711 

493 

228 

140 

88 

35 

35 

- 

230 

209 

21 

580 

218 

1,087 

2,378 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.231 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Information about assets received in payment of debts (Business in Spain) (Millions of Euros) 

December 2018 

Gross 
Value 

Provisions 

Of which: Valuation 
adjustments on 
impaired assets, from 
the time of foreclosure 

Carrying 
amount 

Real estate assets from loans to the construction and real estate development 
sectors in Spain. 

2,165 

1,252 

Terminated buildings 

Homes 

Other 

Buildings under construction 

Homes 

Other 

Land 

Urbanized land 

Rest of land 

Real estate assets from mortgage financing for households for the purchase of a 
home 

Rest of foreclosed real estate assets  

Equity instruments, investments and financing to non-consolidated companies 
holding said assets 

Total 

991 

588 

403 

209 

194 

15 

965 

892 

73 

1,797 

348 

1,345 

5,655 

445 

245 

200 

131 

117 

14 

676 

633 

43 

932 

192 

234 

2,610 

828 

274 

144 

130 

96 

85 

11 

458 

421 

37 

331 

40 

913 

546 

343 

203 

78 

77 

1 

289 

259 

30 

865 

156 

234 

1,433 

1,111 

3,045 

Additionally, in December 18, there was an increase of BBVA, S.A.’s stake in Garanti Yatirim Ortakligi AS through its contribution to the 
capital increase carried out by the latter entity. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.232 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Information about assets received in payment of debts (Business in Spain) (Millions of Euros) 

Real estate assets from loans to the construction and real estate development 
sectors in Spain. 

Finished buildings 

Homes 

Other 

Buildings under construction 

Homes 

Other 

Land 

Urbanized land 

Rest of land 

Real estate assets from mortgage financing for households for the purchase of 
a home 

Rest of foreclosed real estate assets  

Foreclosed equity instruments 

Total 

December 2017 

Gross 
value 

Provisions 

Of which: Valuation 
adjustments on 
impaired assets, from 
the time of foreclosure 

Carrying amount 

6,429 

2,191 

1,368 

823 

541 

521 

20 

3,697 

1,932 

1,765 

3,592 

1,665 

1,135 

12,821 

4,350 

1,184 

742 

442 

359 

347 

12 

2,807 

1,458 

1,349 

2,104 

905 

325 

7,684 

2,542 

606 

366 

240 

192 

188 

4 

1,744 

1,031 

713 

953 

268 

273 

4,036 

2,079 

1,007 

626 

381 

182 

174 

8 

890 

474 

416 

1,488 

760 

810 

5,137 

Additionally,  in  March  2017,  there  was  an  increase  of  BBVA,  S.A.’s  stake  in  Testa  Residencial  through  its  contribution  to  the  capital 
increase carried out by the latter entity by contributing assets from the Bank’s real estate assets 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the gross book value of the Group’s real-estate assets from corporate financing of real-estate 
construction and development was €1.048, €2,165 and €6,429 million, respectively, with an average coverage ratio of 53.0%, 57.8% and 
67.7%, respectively. 

The gross book value of real-estate assets from mortgage lending to households for home purchase as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017, amounted to €1.192, €1,797 and €3,592 million, respectively, with an average coverage ratio of 51.3%, 51.9% and 58.6%. 

As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the gross book value of the BBVA Group’s total real-estate assets (business in Spain), including 
other real-estate assets received as debt payment, was €2.691, €4,310 and €11,686 million, respectively. The coverage ratio was 52.0%, 
55.1% and 63.0%, respectively.  

This Appendix is an integral part of Note 7.1 of the condensed consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.233 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

c)  Concentration of risk by geography 

Below is a breakdown of the balances of financial instruments registered in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets by their concentration in geographical areas and according to the residence of the 
customer or counterparty. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 it does not take into account loss allowances or loan-loss provisions: 

Risks by geographical areas. December 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Spain 

Europe, excluding 
Spain 

Mexico 

The United 
States 

Turkey 

South America 

Other 

Total 

Derivatives 

Equity instruments (*) 

Debt securities 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Loans and advances 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Households 

Total risk in financial assets 

Loan commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

Other commitments given 

Off-balance sheet exposures 

5,346 

3,745 

48,806 

- 

41,510 

1,237 

5,643 

416 

171,668 

14 

14,477 

6,621 

3,103 

50,718 

96,735 

229,564 

33,146 

3,182 

16,204 

52,532 

17,251 

6,184 

13,283 

- 

9,403 

1,672 

1,001 

1,207 

52,024 

(3) 

394 

20,544 

13,351 

14,215 

3,523 

88,742 

26,687 

1,605 

9,125 

37,417 

1,344 

3,829 

28,053 

- 

6,425 

1,311 

17,733 

- 

25,852 

14,465 

150 

2,085 

1,034 

189 

55 

7,934 

- 

7,921 

9 

3 

1 

1,854 

268 

5,383 

1,785 

2,732 

263 

433 

170 

65,044 

45,872 

40,787 

- 

5,342 

648 

2,313 

34,960 

21,781 

90,512 

35,185 

754 

2,075 

38,014 

3,647 

111 

1,996 

1,248 

26,099 

12,773 

54,050 

8,665 

3,170 

5,065 

16,900 

684 

1,536 

1,012 

704 

17,963 

18,888 

48,292 

8,060 

911 

2,808 

11,779 

658 

317 

1,226 

63,505 

- 

6,820 

2,050 

1,611 

24,823 

28,201 

96,731 

17,361 

656 

1,534 

19,551 

777 

247 

4,210 

70 

2,846 

611 

136 

548 

9,267 

478 

637 

2,112 

752 

5,130 

158 

14,501 

1,819 

705 

2,397 

4,922 

33,185 

15,639 

125,403 

1,855 

104,728 

4,600 

9,619 

4,602 

448,166 

4,820 

29,316 

34,982 

23,082 

173,907 

182,059 

622,393 

130,923 

10,984 

39,209 

181,116 

Total risks in financial instruments 

282,096 

126,159 

116,282 

128,526 

70,950 

60,072 

19,423 

803,508 

(*) 

Equity instruments are shown net of valuation adjustment. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.234 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Risks by geographical areas. December 2018 (Millions of Euros) 

Derivatives 

Equity instruments (*) 

Debt securities 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Loans and advances 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Households 

Total risk in financial assets 

Loan commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

Other commitments given 

Off-balance sheet exposures 

Spain 

3,979 

3,228 

43,777 

- 

36,553 

1,130 

5,769 

325 

177,077 

294 

16,671 

5,422 

4,616 

51,942 

98,131 

228,061 

32,582 

3,242 

15,995 

51,819 

Europe, excluding 
Spain 

16,055 

3,669 

14,908 

- 

10,675 

1,821 

1,048 

1,364 

43,034 

- 

329 

13,600 

10,893 

14,317 

3,783 

77,666 

21,983 

1,708 

9,229 

32,920 

Mexico 

1,550 

2,459 

23,134 

- 

20,891 

573 

227 

1,443 

55,248 

- 

5,727 

1,476 

1,303 

22,426 

24,316 

82,392 

14,503 

1,528 

532 

16,563 

The United 
States 

Turkey 

South America 

Other 

Total 

7,057 

1,139 

16,991 

- 

13,276 

74 

2,595 

1,046 

62,193 

- 

5,369 

696 

2,255 

32,480 

21,393 

87,381 

32,136 

796 

2,118 

35,050 

161 

29 

8,048 

- 

7,887 

155 

5 

1 

45,285 

3,688 

99 

956 

766 

26,813 

12,963 

53,523 

7,914 

6,900 

2,230 

17,043 

1,150 

212 

5,274 

1,982 

2,431 

297 

432 

132 

40,007 

342 

1,923 

984 

637 

18,518 

17,602 

46,644 

8,590 

989 

2,782 

12,360 

583 

207 

1,312 

71 

164 

463 

114 

500 

7,089 

1,674 

453 

639 

304 

3,852 

168 

9,191 

1,252 

1,291 

2,213 

4,756 

30,536 

10,944 

113,445 

2,052 

91,877 

4,514 

10,190 

4,812 

429,933 

6,110 

30,572 

23,774 

20,773 

170,349 

178,355 

584,858 

118,959 

16,454 

35,098 

170,511 

Total risks in financial instruments 

279,880 

110,586 

98,955 

122,430 

70,567 

59,004 

13,947 

755,369 

(*) 

Equity instruments are shown net of valuation adjustment. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.235 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version 
prevails. 

Risks by geographical areas. December 2017 (Millions of Euros) 

Derivatives 

Equity instruments (*) 

Debt securities 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Loans and advances 

Central banks 

General governments 

Credit institutions 

Other financial corporations 

Non-financial corporations 

Households 

Total risk in financial assets 

Loan commitments given 

Financial guarantees given 

Other commitments given 

Off-balance sheet exposures 

Spain 

Europe, excluding 
Spain 

Mexico 

The United 
States 

Turkey 

South America 

Other 

Total 

6,336 

3,539 

44,773 

49 

36,658 

1,364 

6,492 

259 

185,597 

- 

18,116 

5,564 

7,769 

54,369 

99,780 

240,245 

31,100 

4,635 

25,279 

61,014 

20,506 

4,888 

15,582 

- 

11,475 

2,095 

994 

1,018 

41,426 

626 

352 

15,493 

6,231 

14,615 

4,110 

82,401 

16,203 

1,427 

9,854 

27,484 

1,847 

2,050 

21,594 

- 

19,323 

289 

337 

1,645 

50,352 

- 

5,868 

1,889 

588 

19,737 

22,269 

75,842 

1,691 

82 

1,582 

3,356 

4,573 

991 

13,280 

2,734 

8,894 

98 

3,026 

1,262 

113 

36 

10,601 

- 

9,668 

884 

7 

42 

977 

333 

5,861 

2,685 

2,246 

387 

315 

228 

921 

71 

1,450 

- 

221 

752 

194 

234 

35,273 

11,908 

113,141 

5,468 

88,485 

5,869 

11,365 

4,688 

54,315 

56,062 

42,334 

4,585 

434,670 

- 

5,165 

789 

1,732 

29,396 

17,233 

73,159 

29,539 

717 

1,879 

32,134 

5,299 

152 

1,073 

1,297 

31,691 

16,550 

66,812 

2,944 

7,993 

1,591 

12,527 

1,375 

2,354 

1,145 

664 

19,023 

17,773 

49,504 

11,664 

1,174 

3,750 

16,588 

- 

398 

345 

270 

3,345 

227 

7,027 

1,126 

519 

1,804 

3,450 

7,300 

32,405 

26,297 

18,551 

172,175 

177,942 

594,990 

94,268 

16,546 

45,738 

156,552 

Total risks in financial instruments 

301,259 

109,885 

79,198 

105,293 

79,339 

66,092 

10,477 

751,542 

(*) 

Equity instruments are shown net of valuation adjustment. 

The breakdown of the main figures in the most significant foreign currencies in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets is set forth in Appendix VII.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
P.236 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by 
the European Union (see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 
The  breakdown  of  loans  and  advances  in  the  heading  of  “Loans  and  receivables”,  impaired  by  geographical  area  as 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017is as follows: 

Impaired financial assets by geographic area (Millions of Euros)  

Spain 

Rest of Europe 

Mexico 

South America 

The United States 

Turkey 

Rest of the world 

IMPAIRED RISKS 

December 
2019 

8,616 

175 

1,478 

1,769 

632 

3,289 

2 
15,959 

December 
2018 

10,025 

225 

1,138 

1,715 

733 

2,520 

2 
16,359 

December 
2017 

13,318 

549 

1,124 

1,468 

631 

2,311 

- 
19,401 

 
 
 
 
P.237 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

APPENDIX XIII. 
European Parliament and its application to Spanish Law through Law 10/2014 

Information in accordance with article 89 of Directive 2013/36/EU of the 

December 31, 2019 (Millions of Euros) 

Country 

Mexico 

Spain (**) 

Turkey 

United States 

Colombia 

Argentina 

Peru 

Venezuela 

Chile 

Romania 

Uruguay 

Paraguay 

Bolivia 

Netherlands 

Switzerland 

Finland 

Ireland 

Brasil 

Curaçao 

Portugal 

United Kingdom 

Hong Kong 

France 

Italy 

Germany 

Belgium 

China 

Singapore 

Japan 

Taiwan 

Cyprus 

CIT 
payments 
cash basis 
964 

(15) 

246 

135 

97 

27 

205 

- 

30 

4 

11 

8 

3 

1 

12 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5 

2 

- 

17 

3 

21 

- 

- 

1 

- 

- 

6 

CIT expense 
consol 

PBT consol 

Gross 
income 

993 

226 

289 

123 

128 

37 

172 

1 

19 

7 

8 

3 

3 

3 

1 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10 

3 

5 

11 

9 

(11) 

- 

- 

1 

- 

(1) 

7 

3,544 

(911) 

1,151 

751 

438 

234 

636 

(8) 

69 

43 

53 

34 

11 

10 

6 

(20) 

- 

- 

6 

46 

45 

38 

39 

26 

9 

2 

(2) 

8 

1 

(2) 

31 

7,873 

5,558 

3,269 

3,225 

1,000 

1,026 

1,286 

35 

201 

106 

175 

85 

29 

61 

41 

1 

1 

2 

8 

94 

83 

50 

61 

55 

37 

7 

4 

9 

2 

5 

36 

Nº 
Employees 
(*) 
37,805 

30,283 

20,634 

10,825 

6,899 

6,402 

6,420 

2,516 

956 

1,267 

576 

428 

424 

247 

116 

112 

- 

6 

16 

458 

120 

85 

71 

51 

44 

23 

26 

9 

3 

11 

111 

Activity 

Main Entity 

Finance, banking and insurance services  BBVA Bancomer S.A. 

Finance, banking and insurance services  BBVA S.A. 

Finance, banking and insurance services  Garanti BBVA AS 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA USA 

Finance, banking and insurance services  BBVA Colombia S.A. 

Finance, banking and insurance services  Banco BBVA Argentina S.A. 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA Banco Continental S.A. 

Finance, banking and insurance services  BBVA Banco Provincial S.A. 

Financial services 

Forum Servicios Financieros, S.A. 

Finance and banking services 

GBR Garanti Bank SA 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA Uruguay S.A. 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA Paraguay S.A. 

Pensions 

BBVA Previsión AFP SA 

Finance and banking services 

Garantibank BBVA International N.V. 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA (Switzerland) S.A. 

Financial services 

Financial services 

Financial services 

Holvi Payment Service OY 

BBVA Ireland PCL 

BBVA Brasil Banco de Investimento, S.A. 

Finance and banking services 

Banco Provincial Overseas N.V. 

Finance and banking services 

BBVA - Portugal Branch Office 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

Banking services 

BBVA -London Branch Office 

BBVA -Hong-Kong Branch Office 

BBVA -Paris Branch Office 

BBVA -Milan Branch Office 

BBVA -Frankfurt Branch Office 

BBVA -Brussels Branch Office 

BBVA -Shanghai Branch Office 

BBVA -Singapur Branch Office 

BBVA -Tokio Branch Office 

BBVA -Taipei Branch Office 

Garanti - Nicosia Branch Office 

Garanti -Valletta Branch Office 

Malta 
Total  
(*) Full time employees. The 15 employees of representative offices are not included in the total number. 

14 
126,958 

117 
24,542 

111 
6,398 

8 
2,053 

9 
1,792 

Banking services 

(**) In “CIT payments cash basis”, the methodology for calculating advance payments of the annual tax return provided for in Corporate Income Tax legislation, may lead to differences 
between the advance payments made in the current year and the refund of those advance payments made in previous years resulting once the annual corporate income tax return has 
been submitted. As a result of these differences, there has been a net cash refund.  The amount of “Profit before taxes includes Corporate Center (see Note 6). 

The results of this breakdown of the branches are integrated in the financial statements of the parent companies on which they depend. 

As of December 31, 2019, the return of the Group’s assets calculated by dividing the “Profit” between “Total Assets” is 0.62%.  

In 2019 (*), BBVA group has not received public aid for the financial sector which has the aim of promoting the carrying out of banking 
activities  and  which  is  significant.  This  statement  is  made  for  the  purposes  of  article  89  of  Directive  2013/36/UE  of  the  European 
Parliament and of the Council of June 26 (on access to the activity of credit institutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions 
and investment firms) and its transposition to Spanish legislation by means of Law 10/2014 on Monitoring, Supervision and Solvency of 
Credit Institutions of June 26. 

(*) BBVA disclosed by means of public relevant events: (i) on 07/27/2012 the closing of the acquisition of UNNIM Banc, S.A. and (ii) on 
04/24/2015 the closing of the acquisition of Catalunya Banc, S.A. 

 
 
 
 
P.238 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Glossary 

Additional Tier 1 Capital 

Includes: Preferred stock and convertible perpetual securities and deductions. 

Adjusted acquisition cost 

The acquisition cost of the securities less accumulated amortizations, plus interest accrued, but not net 
of any other valuation adjustments. 

Amortized cost 

The amortized cost of a financial asset or financial liability is the amount at which the financial asset or 
financial  liability  is  measured  at  initial  recognition  minus  the  principal  repayments,  plus  or  minus,  the 
cumulative  amortization  using  the  effective  interest  rate  method  of  any  difference  between  the  initial 
amount and the maturity amount and, for financial assets, adjusted for any loss allowance.  

Associates 

Companies in which the Group has a significant influence, without having control. Significant influence is 
deemed to exist when the Group owns 20% or more of the voting rights of an investee directly or indirectly. 

Available-for-sale financial 
assets 

Available-for-sale  (AFS)  financial  assets  are  debt  securities  that  are  not  classified  as  held-to-maturity 
investments  or  as  financial  assets  designated  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  (FVTPL)  and  equity 
instruments  that  are  not  subsidiaries,  associates  or  jointly  controlled  entities  and  have  not  been 
designated as at FVTPL. The AFS category belongs to IAS 39 standard, replaced by “Financial Assets at 
fair value through other comprehensive income” under IFRS 9. 

Baseline  macroeconomic 
scenarios 

IFRS 9 requires that an entity must evaluate a range of possible outcomes when estimating provisions and 
measuring  expected  credit  losses,  through  macroeconomic  scenarios.  The  baseline  macroeconomic 
scenario presents the situation of the particular economic cycle. 

Basic earnings per share  

Calculated by dividing “Profit attributable to Parent Company” corresponding to ordinary shareholders of 
the entity by the weighted average number of shares outstanding throughout the year (i.e., excluding the 
average number of treasury shares held over the year). 

Basis risk 

Risk arising from hedging exposure to one interest rate with exposure to a rate that reprices under slightly 
different conditions. 

Business combination 

A  business  combination  is  a  transaction,  or  any  other  event,  through  which  a  single  entity  obtains  the 
control of one or more businesses. 

Business Model 

The assessment as to how an asset shall be classified is made on the basis of both the business model for 
managing  the  financial  asset  and  the  contractual  cash  flow  characteristic  of  the  financial  asset  (SPPI 
Criterion).  Financial  assets  are  classified  on  the  basis  of  its  business  model  for  managing  the  financial 
assets. The Group’s business models shall be determined at a level that reflects how groups of financial 
assets are managed together to achieve a particular business objective and generate cash flows. 

Cash flow hedges 

Those that hedge the exposure to variability in cash flows attributable to a particular risk associated with 
a recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction and could affect profit or loss. 

Income and expenses relating to commissions and similar fees are recognized in the consolidated income 
statement  using  criteria  that  vary  according  to  their  nature.  The  most  significant  income  and  expense 
items in this connection are:  

Commissions  

     ·    Fees and commissions relating linked to financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through 
profit or loss, which are recognized when collected. 

     ·    Fees and commissions arising from transactions or services that are provided over a period of time, 
which are recognized over the life of these transactions or services. 

     ·    Fees and commissions generated by a single act are accrued upon execution of that act. 

 
 
 
 
P.239 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Consolidated statements 
of cash flows 

Consolidated statements 
of changes in equity 

Consolidated statements 
of recognized income and 
expenses 

Consolidation method 

The indirect method has been used for the preparation of the consolidated statement of cash flows. This 
method starts from the entity’s consolidated profit and adjusts its amount for the effects of transactions 
of a non-cash nature, any deferrals or accruals of past or future operating cash receipts or payments, and 
items of income or expense associated with cash flows classified as investment or finance. As well as cash, 
short-term, highly liquid investments subject to a low risk of changes in value, such as cash and deposits 
in 
equivalents. 
When preparing these financial statements the following definitions have been used: 

classified 

central 

banks, 

cash 

and 

are 

as 

·    Cash flows: Inflows and outflows of cash and equivalents. 
·     Operating  activities:  The  typical  activities  of  credit  institutions  and  other  activities  that  cannot  be 
classified as investment or financing activities. 
·    Investing activities: The acquisition, sale or other disposal of long-term assets and other investments 
not included in cash and cash equivalents or in operating activities. 
·    Financing activities: Activities that result in changes in the size and composition of the Group’s equity 
and of liabilities that do not form part of operating activities. 

The consolidated statements of changes in equity reflect all the movements generated in each year in each 
of  the  headings  of  the  consolidated  equity,  including  those  from  transactions  undertaken  with 
shareholders when they act as such, and  those due to changes in accounting criteria or corrections of 
errors, if any. 

The applicable regulations establish that certain categories of assets and liabilities are recognized at their 
fair value with a charge to equity. These charges, known as “Valuation adjustments” (see Note 31), are 
included in the Group’s total consolidated equity net of tax effect, which has been recognized as deferred 
tax assets or liabilities, as appropriate. 

The  consolidated  statement  of  recognized  income  and  expenses  reflect  the  income  and  expenses 
generated in each fiscal year, distinguishing between those recognized in the consolidated profit and loss 
accounts  and  the  “Other  recognized  income  and  expenses”;  which  are  recorded  directly  in  the 
consolidated equity. 

The “Other recognized income and expenses” includes the variations that have occurred in the period in 
“accumulated other comprehensive income”, detailed by concepts. 

The  sum  of  the  variations  recorded  in  the  “accumulated  other  comprehensive  income”  caption  of  the 
consolidated equity and the consolidated profit for the year represents the “Total income and expenses”. 

in 

full  of 

Method used for the consolidation of the accounts of the Group’s subsidiaries. The assets and liabilities of 
the Group entities are incorporated line-by-line on the consolidate balance sheets, after conciliation and 
including  amounts  payable  and  receivable. 
the  elimination 
Group entity income statement income and expense headings are similarly combined line by line into the 
following  consolidation  eliminations:  
consolidated 
a)     
full. 
transactions  are  eliminated 
b)      profits  and  losses  resulting  from  intragroup  transactions  are  similarly  eliminated.  The  carrying 
amount of the parent's investment and the parent's share of equity in each subsidiary are eliminated.  

statement,  having  made 
in  respect  of 

income 
income  and  expenses 

the 
intragroup 

intragroup  balances, 

in 

Contingencies 

Current  obligations  of  the  entity  arising  as  a  result  of  past  events  whose  existence  depends  on  the 
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events independent of the will of the entity. 

Contingent   
commitments 

Possible  obligations  of  the  entity  that  arise  from  past  events  and  whose  existence  depends  on  the 
occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more future events independent of the entity’s will and that could 
lead to the recognition of financial assets. 

 
 
 
 
 
P.240 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Control 

An investor controls an investee when it is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement 
with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. An investor 
controls an investee if and only if the investor has all the following: 
     a)     Power; An investor has power over an investee when the investor has existing rights that give it the 
current  ability  to  direct  the  relevant  activities,  i.e.  the  activities  that  significantly  affect  the  investee’s 
returns. 
     b)     Returns; An investor is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with  the 
investee  when  the  investor’s  returns  from  its  involvement  have  the  potential  to  vary  as  a  result  of  the 
investee’s performance. The investor’s returns can be only positive, only negative or both positive  and 
negative. 
     c)     Link between power and returns; An investor controls an investee if the investor not only has power 
over the investee and exposure or rights to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, but also 
has the ability to use its power to affect the investor’s returns from its involvement with the investee. 

Correlation risk 

Correlation risk is related to derivatives whose final value depends on the performance of more than one 
underlying asset (primarily, stock baskets) and indicates the existing variability in the correlations between 
each pair of assets. 

Credit Valuation 
Adjustment (CVA) 

An  adjustment  to  the  valuation  of  OTC  derivative  contracts  to  reflect  the  creditworthiness  of  OTC 
derivative counterparties. 

Current service cost 

Current  service  cost  is  the  increase  in  the  present  value  of  a  defined  benefit  obligation  resulting  from 
employee service in the current period. 

Current tax assets 

Taxes recoverable over the next twelve months. 

Current tax liabilities 

Corporate income tax payable on taxable profit for the year and other taxes payable in the next twelve 
months. 

Debit Valuation 
Adjustment (DVA) 

An adjustment made by an entity to the valuation of OTC derivative liabilities to reflect within fair value the 
entity’s own credit risk. 

Debt certificates 

Obligations and other interest-bearing securities that create or evidence a debt on the part of their issuer, 
including debt securities issued for trading among an open group of investors, that accrue interest, implied 
or explicit, whose rate, fixed or benchmarked to other rates, is established contractually, and take the form 
of securities or book-entries, irrespective of the issuer. 

Default 

An asset will be considered as defaulted whenever it is more than 90 days past due. 

Deferred tax assets 

Taxes  recoverable  in  future  years,  including  loss  carry  forwards  or  tax  credits  for  deductions  and  tax 
rebates pending application. 

Deferred tax liabilities 

Income taxes payable in subsequent years. 

Defined benefit plans 

Post-employment  obligation  under  which  the  entity,  directly  or  indirectly  via  the  plan,  retains  the 
contractual  or  implicit  obligation  to  pay  remuneration  directly  to  employees  when  required  or  to  pay 
additional amounts if the insurer, or other entity required to pay, does not cover all the benefits relating to 
the services rendered by the employees when insurance policies  do not cover all of the corresponding 
post-employees benefits. 

Defined contribution plans 

Defined  contribution  plans  are  retirement  benefit  plans  under  which  amounts  to  be  paid  as  retirement 
benefits  are  determined  by  contributions  to  a  fund  together  with  investment  earnings  thereon.  The 
employer's  obligations  in  respect  of  its  employees  current  and  prior  years'  employment  service  are 
discharged by contributions to the fund. 

Deposits from central 
banks  

Deposits of all classes, including loans and money market operations, received from the Bank of Spain and 
other central banks. 

Deposits from credit 
institutions 

Deposits of all classes, including loans and money market operations received, from credit entities. 

 
P.241 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Deposits from customers 

Redeemable cash balances received by the entity, with the exception of debt certificates, money market 
operations through counterparties and subordinated liabilities, which are not received from either central 
banks or credit entities. This category also includes cash deposits and consignments received that can be 
readily withdrawn. 

Derivatives 

The fair value in favor (assets) or again (liabilities) of the entity of derivatives not designated as accounting 
hedges. 

Derivatives - Hedging 
derivatives 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an accounting hedge. The fair value or future cash flows 
of those derivatives is expected to offset the differences in the fair value or cash flows of the items hedged. 

Diluted earnings per share  

Calculated  by  using  a  method  similar  to  that  used  to  calculate  basic  earnings  per  share;  the  weighted 
average number of shares outstanding, and the profit attributable to the parent company corresponding 
to ordinary shareholders of the entity, if appropriate, is adjusted to take into account the potential dilutive 
effect  of  certain  financial  instruments  that  could  generate  the  issue  of  new  Bank  shares  (share  option 
commitments with employees, warrants on parent company shares, convertible debt instruments, etc.). 

Dividends and retributions 

Dividend income collected announced during the year, corresponding to profits generated by investees 
after the acquisition of the stake. 

Domestic activity 

Domestic balances are those of BBVA´s Group entities domiciled in Spain, which reflect BBVA´s domestic 
activities, being the allocation of assets and liabilities based on the domicile of the Group entity at which 
the relevant asset or liability is accounted for. 

Early retirements 

Employees that no longer render their services to the entity but which, without being legally retired, remain 
entitled to make economic claims on the entity until they formally retire. 

Economic capital 

Methods  or  practices  that  allow  banks  to  consistently  assess  risk  and  attribute  capital  to  cover  the 
economic effects of risk-taking activities. 

Effective interest rate 
(EIR) 

Discount rate that exactly equals the value of a financial instrument with the cash flows estimated over the 
expected life of the instrument based on its contractual period as well as its anticipated amortization, but 
without taking the future losses of credit risk into consideration. 

Employee expenses 

All  compensation  accrued  during  the  year  in  respect  of  personnel  on  the  payroll,  under  permanent  or 
temporary  contracts,  irrespective  of  their  jobs  or  functions,  irrespective  of  the  concept,  including  the 
current  costs  of  servicing  pension  plans,  own  share  based  compensation  schemes  and  capitalized 
personnel expenses. Amounts reimbursed by the state Social Security or other welfare entities in respect 
of employee illness are deducted from personnel expenses. 

Equity 

The  residual  interest  in  an  entity's  assets  after  deducting  its  liabilities.  It  includes  owner  or  venturer 
contributions to the entity, at incorporation and subsequently, unless they meet the definition of liabilities, 
and  accumulated  net  profits  or  losses,  fair  value  adjustments  affecting  equity  and,  if  warranted,  non-
controlling interests. 

Equity instruments 

An equity instrument that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity, that is after deducting all 
of its liabilities. 

Equity instruments issued 
other than capital 

Includes equity instruments that are financial instruments other than “Capital” and “Equity component of 
compound financial instruments”.  

Equity Method 

Is a method of accounting whereby the investment is initially recognized at cost and adjusted thereafter 
for the post-acquisition change in the investor’s share of the investee’s net assets. The investor’s profit or 
loss  includes  its  share  of  the  investee’s  profit  or  loss  and  the  investor’s  other  comprehensive  income 
includes its share of the investee’s other comprehensive income. 

Exchange/translation 
differences 

Exchange differences (P&L): Includes the earnings obtained in currency trading and the differences arising 
on  translating  monetary  items  denominated  in  foreign  currency  to  the  functional  currency.  Exchange 
differences (valuation adjustments): those recorded due to the translation of the financial statements in 
foreign currency to the functional currency of the Group and others recorded against equity. 

 
P.242 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Expected credit losses are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses over the expected life of the 
financial  instrument.  Hence,  credit  losses  are  the  present  value  of  expected  cash  shortfalls.  The 
measurement and estimate of these expected credit losses should reflect: 

Expected Credit Loss 
(ECL) 

1. An unbiased and probability-weighted amount. 
2. The time value of money by discounting this amount to the reporting date using a rate that approximates 
the EIR of the asset, and 
3. Reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost or effort. 

The  expected  credit  losses  must  be  measured  as  the  difference  between  the  asset’s  gross  carrying 
amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the financial asset’s original 
effective interest rate or an approximation thereof (forward looking). 

Exposure at default 

EAD is the amount of risk exposure at the date of default by the counterparty. 

Fair value 

The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability  in an orderly  transaction 
between market participants at the measurement date. 

Fair value hedges 

Derivatives  that  hedge  the  exposure  to  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  or  firm 
commitments  that  have  not  be  recognized,  or  of  an  identified  portion  of  said  assets,  liabilities  or  firm 
commitments, attributable to a specific risk, provided it could affect the income statement. 

Financial Assets at 
Amortized Cost 

Financial assets that do not meet the definition of financial assets designated at fair value through profit or 
loss  and  arise  from  the  financial  entities'  ordinary  activities  to  capture  funds,  regardless  of  their 
instrumentation or maturity. 

Financial Assets at fair 
value through other 
comprehensive income 

Financial instruments with determined or determinable cash flows and in which the entire payment made 
by the entity will be recovered, except for reasons attributable to the solvency of the debtor. This category 
includes  both  the  investments  from  the  typical  lending  activity  as  well  as  debts  contracted  by  the 
purchasers of goods, or users of services, that form part of the entity’s business. It also includes all finance 
lease arrangements in which the consolidated subsidiaries act as lessors. 

Financial guarantees 

Contracts that require the issuer to make specified payments to reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs 
when a specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the original or modified terms 
of a debt instrument, irrespective of its instrumentation. These guarantees may take the form of deposits, 
technical or financial guarantees, insurance contracts or credit derivatives. 

Financial guarantees given 

Transactions through which the entity guarantees commitments assumed by third parties in respect of 
financial guarantees granted or other types of contracts. 

Financial instrument 

A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial  asset of one entity and to a financial 
liability or equity instrument of another entity. 

Financial liabilities at 
amortized cost 

Financial liabilities that do not meet the definition of financial liabilities designated at fair value  through 
profit or loss and arise from the financial entities' ordinary activities to capture funds, regardless of their 
instrumentation or maturity. 

Foreign activity 

Goodwill 

International balances are those of BBVA´s Group entities domiciled outside of Spain, which reflect our 
foreign activities, being the allocation of assets and liabilities based on the domicile of the Group entity at 
which the relevant asset or liability is accounted for. 

Goodwill acquired in a business combination represents a payment made by the acquirer in anticipation 
of  future  economic  benefits  from  assets  that  are  not  able  to  be  individually  identified  and  separately 
recognized. 

Hedges of net investments 
in foreign operations 

Foreign currency hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. 

Held for trading (assets 
and liabilities) 

Financial assets and liabilities acquired or incurred primarily for the purpose of profiting from variations in 
their prices in the short term. 

This category also includes financial derivatives not qualifying for  hedge accounting, and in  the case of 
borrowed  securities,  financial  liabilities  originated  by  the  firm  sale  of  financial  assets  acquired  under 
repurchase agreements or received on loan (“short positions”). 

Held-to-maturity 
investments 

Held-to-maturity investments are financial assets traded on an active market, with fixed maturity and fixed 
or determinable payments and cash flows that an entity has the positive intention and financial ability to 
hold to maturity. The Held-to-maturity category belongs to IAS 39 standard, replaced by IFRS 9. 

 
 
 
 
P.243 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Impaired financial assets 

An  asset  is  credit-impaired  according  to  IFRS  9  if  one  or  more  events  have  occurred  and  they  have  a 
detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of the asset. Evidence that a financial asset is credit-
impaired includes observable data about the following events: 

a)  significant financial difficulty of the issuer or the borrower, 
b)  a breach of contract (e.g. a default or past due event), 
c)  a lender having granted a concession to the borrower --- for economic or contractual reasons 
relating to the borrower’s financial difficulty --- that the lender would not otherwise consider, 
d)  it becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization, 
e)  the disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties, or 
f)  the purchase or origination of a financial asset at a deep discount that reflects the incurred credit 

losses. 

Income from equity 
instruments 

Dividends and income on equity instruments collected or announced during  the year corresponding to 
profits generated by investees after the ownership interest is acquired. Income is recognized gross, i.e., 
without deducting any withholdings made, if any. 

Insurance contracts linked 
to pensions 

Inventories 

The fair value of insurance contracts written to cover pension commitments. 

Assets,  other  than  financial  instruments,  under  production,  construction  or  development,  held  for  sale 
during the normal course of business, or to be consumed in the production process or during the rendering 
of  services.  Inventories  include  land  and  other  properties  held  for  sale  at  the  real  estate  development 
business. 

Investment properties 

Investment property is property (land or a building—or part of a building—or both) held (by the owner or 
by the lessee under a finance lease) to earn rentals or for capital appreciation or both, rather than for own 
use or sale in the ordinary course of business. 

Joint arrangement 

An arrangement of which two or more parties have joint control. 

Joint control 

The contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the 
relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. 

Joint operation 

Joint venture 

Leases 

its 
its 

including 

participation 

its 
assets, 
liabilities, 
from 

A  joint  arrangement  whereby  the  parties  that  have  joint  control  of  the  arrangement  have  rights  to  the 
assets of the arrangement and obligations for the liabilities. A joint venturer shall recognize the following 
for 
operation: 
in 
ownership; 
     a) 
jointly; 
     b) 
the 
     c) 
venture; 
joint  venturer;  and 
     d) 
expenses. 
joint 
     e) 
A joint venturer shall account for the assets, liabilities, income and expenses related to its participation in 
a joint operation in accordance with IFRS applicable to the assets, liabilities, income and expenses specific 
question.  

any 
income 
its 
its  share  of  the  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  production  from  the 

of 
share  of  production 

joint 
of 
liabilities 
from 

joint 
incurred 
joint 

expenses, 

including 

including 

sale  of 

assets 

share 

share 

share 

any 

any 

the 

the 

the 

the 

its 

of 

of 

a 

A joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net 
assets of the arrangement. A joint venturer shall recognize its interest in a joint venture as an investment 
and shall account for that investment using the equity method in accordance with IAS 28 Investments in 
Associates and Joint Ventures. 

A lease  is an agreement whereby the lessor conveys to the lessee in return for a payment or series of 
payments the right to use an asset for an agreed period of time, a stream of cash flows that is essentially 
loan  agreement. 
equivalent  to  the  combination  of  principal  and 
a)     A lease is classified as a finance lease when it substantially transfers all the risks and rewards incidental 
to 
contract. 
subject-matter 
b)     A lease will be classified as operating lease when it is not a financial lease. 

interest  payments  under  a 

ownership 

forming 

asset 

the 

the 

the 

of 

of 

Lease liability 

Lease that represents the lessee’s obligation to make lease payments during the lease term. 

 
  
P.244 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Liabilities included in 
disposal groups classified 
as held for sale 

The  balance  of  liabilities  directly  associated  with  assets  classified  as  non-current  assets  held  for  sale, 
including  those  recognized  under  liabilities  in  the  entity's  balance  sheet  at  the  balance  sheet  date 
corresponding to discontinued operations. 

Liabilities under insurance 
contracts 

The technical reserves of direct insurance and inward reinsurance recorded by the consolidated entities 
to cover claims arising from insurance contracts in force at period-end.  

Loans and advances to 
customers 

Loans and receivables 

Loans and receivables, irrespective of their type, granted to third parties that are not credit entities. 

Financial instruments with determined or determinable cash flows and in which the entire payment made 
by the entity will be recovered, except for reasons attributable to the solvency of the debtor. This category 
includes both the investments from the typical lending activity (amounts of cash available and pending 
maturity by customers as a loan or deposits lent to other entities, and unlisted debt certificates), as well 
as  debts  contracted  by  the  purchasers  of  goods,  or  users  of  services,  that  form  part  of  the  entity’s 
business.  It  also  includes  all  finance  lease  arrangements  in  which  the  consolidated  subsidiaries  act  as 
lessors. The Loans and receivables category belongs to IAS 39 standard, replaced by “Financial Assets at 
Amortized Cost” under IFRS 9. 

Loss given default (LGD) 

It is the estimate of the loss arising in the event of default. It depends mainly on the characteristics of the 
counterparty, and the valuation of the guarantees or collateral associated with the asset. 

Mortgage-covered bonds 

Financial asset or security created from mortgage loans and backed by the guarantee of the mortgage loan 
portfolio of the entity. 

Non performing financial 
guarantees given 

The balance of non performing risks, whether for reasons of default by customers or for other reasons, for 
financial guarantees given. This figure is shown gross: in other words, it is not adjusted for value corrections 
(loan loss reserves) made. 

Non Performing Loans 
(NPL) 

The balance of non performing risks, whether for reasons of default by customers or for other reasons, for 
exposures on balance loans to customers. This figure is shown gross: in other words, it is not adjusted for 
value corrections (loan loss reserves) made. 

Non-controlling interests 

The net amount of the profit or loss and net assets of a subsidiary attributable to associates outside the 
group (that is, the amount that is not owned, directly or indirectly, by the parent), including that amount in 
the corresponding part of the consolidated earnings for the period. 

Non-current assets and 
disposal groups held for 
sale  

A non-current asset or disposal group, whose carrying amount is expected to be realized through a sale 
transaction,  rather  than  through  continuing  use,  and  which  meets  the  following  requirements: 
     a)     it is immediately available for sale in its present condition at the balance sheet date, i.e. only normal 
procedures are required for the sale of the asset. 
     b)     the sale is considered highly probable. 

Non-monetary assets 

Non-trading financial 
assets mandatorily at fair 
value through 
Profit or loss 

Assets  and  liabilities  that  do  not  provide  any  right  to  receive  or  deliver  a  determined  or  determinable 
amount  of  monetary  units,  such  as  tangible  and  intangible  assets,  goodwill  and  ordinary  shares 
subordinate to all other classes of capital instruments. 

The financial assets registered under this heading are assigned to a business model whose objective is 
achieved by obtaining contractual cash flows and / or selling financial assets but which the contractual 
cash flows have not complied with the SPPI test conditions. 

Option risk 

Risks arising from options, including embedded options. 

 
P.245 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Other financial 
assets/liabilities at fair 
value through profit or loss 

than 

Instruments  designated  by  the  entity  from  the  inception  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  profit  or  loss.  
An entity may only designate a financial instrument at fair value through profit or loss, if doing so more 
relevant information is obtained, because: 
     a) It eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency (sometimes called 
"accounting mismatch") that would otherwise arise from measuring assets or liabilities or recognizing the 
gains and losses on them on different bases. It might be acceptable to designate only some of a number of 
similar  financial  assets  or  financial  liabilities  if  doing  so  a  significant  reduction  (and  possibly  a  greater 
reduction 
achieved. 
     b) The performance of a group of financial assets or financial liabilities is managed and evaluated on a 
fair  value  basis,  in  accordance  with  a  documented  risk  management  or  investment  strategy,  and 
information about the group is provided internally on that basis to the entity´s key management personnel. 
These are financial assets managed jointly with “Liabilities under insurance and reinsurance contracts” 
measured  at  fair  value,  in  combination  with  derivatives  written  with  a  view  to  significantly  mitigating 
exposure to changes in these contracts' fair value, or in combination with financial liabilities and derivatives 
designed to significantly reduce global exposure to interest rate risk. 
These  headings  include  customer  loans  and  deposits  effected  via  so-called  unit-linked  life  insurance 
contracts, in which the policyholder assumes the investment risk. 

inconsistency 

designations) 

allowable 

other 

the 

in 

is 

This heading is broken down as follows: 

Other Reserves 

i) Reserves or accumulated losses of investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associate: include the 
accumulated  amount  of  income  and  expenses  generated  by  the  aforementioned  investments  through 
profit or loss in past years. 

ii) Other: includes reserves different from those separately disclosed in other items and may include legal 
reserve and statutory reserve. 

Other retributions to 
employees long term 

Includes the amount of compensation plans to employees long term. 

Own/treasury shares 

The amount of own equity instruments held by the entity. 

Past service cost 

It is the change in the present value of the defined benefit obligation for employee service in prior periods, 
resulting in the current period from the introduction of, or changes to, post-employment benefits or other 
long-term employee benefits. 

Post-employment benefits 

Retirement benefit plans are arrangements whereby an enterprise provides benefits for its employees on 
or after termination of service. 

Probability of default (PD) 

It is the probability of the counterparty failing to meet its principal and/or interest payment obligations. 
The PD is associated with the rating/scoring of each counterparty/transaction.  

Property, plant and 
equipment/tangible 
assets 

Buildings, land, fixtures, vehicles, computer equipment and other facilities owned by the entity or acquired 
under finance leases. 

Provisions 

Provisions include amounts recognized to cover the Group’s current obligations arising as a result of past 
events, certain in terms of nature but uncertain in terms of amount and/or cancellation date. 

Provisions for contingent 
liabilities and 
commitments 

Provisions  recorded  to  cover  exposures  arising  as  a  result  of  transactions  through  which  the  entity 
guarantees commitments assumed by third parties in respect of financial guarantees granted or other 
types of contracts, and provisions for contingent commitments, i.e., irrevocable commitments which may 
arise upon recognition of financial assets. 

Provisions for pensions 
and similar obligation 

Constitutes all provisions recognized to cover retirement benefits, including commitments assumed vis-
à-vis beneficiaries of early retirement and analogous schemes. 

 
  
 
P.246 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Provisions or (-) reversal 
of provisions 

Provisions recognized during the year, net of recoveries on amounts provisioned in prior years, with the 
exception  of  provisions  for  pensions  and  contributions  to  pension  funds  which  constitute  current  or 
interest expense. 

Refinanced Operation 

An operation which is totally or partially brought up to date with its payments as a result of a refinancing 
operation made by the entity itself or by another company in its group. 

Refinancing Operation 

An operation which, irrespective of the holder or guarantees involved, is granted or used for financial or 
legal reasons related to current or foreseeable financial difficulties that the holder(s) may have in settling 
one or more operations granted by the entity itself or by other companies in its group to the holder(s) or 
to another company or companies of its group, or through which such operations are totally or partially 
brought  up  to  date  with  their  payments,  in  order  to  enable  the  holders  of  the  settled  or  refinanced 
operations to pay off their loans (principal and interest) because they are unable, or are expected to be 
unable, to meet the conditions in a timely and appropriate manner. 

Renegotiated Operation 

An  operation  whose  financial  conditions  are  modified  when  the  borrower  is  not  experiencing  financial 
difficulties, and is not expected to experience them in the future, i.e. the conditions are modified for reasons 
other than restructuring. In any case, these definitions are adapted to the local terminology, so that they 
are integrated into the management. 

Repricing risk 

Risks related to the timing mismatch in the maturity and repricing of assets and liabilities and off-balance 
sheet short and long-term positions.  

Restructured Operation 

An operation whose financial conditions are modified for economic or legal reasons related to the holder's 
(or holders') current or foreseeable financial difficulties, in order to enable payment of the loan (principal 
and interest), because the holder is unable, or is expected to be unable, to meet those conditions in a timely 
and  appropriate  manner,  even  if  such  modification  is  provided  for  in  the  contract.  In  any  event,  the 
following  are  considered  restructured  operations:  operations  in  which  a  haircut  is  made  or  assets  are 
received  in  order  to  reduce  the  loan,  or  in  which  their  conditions  are  modified  in  order  to  extend  their 
maturity, change the amortization table in order to reduce the amount of the installments in the short term 
or reduce their frequency, or to establish or extend the grace period for the principal, the interest or both; 
except  when  it  can  be  proved  that  the  conditions  are  modified  for  reasons  other  than  the  financial 
difficulties  of  the  holders  and,  are  similar  to  those  applied  on  the  market  on  the  modification  date  for 
operations granted to customers with a similar risk profile. In any case, these definitions are adapted to 
the local terminology, so that they are integrated into the management. 

Retained earnings 

Accumulated net profits or losses recognized in the income statement in prior years and retained in equity 
upon distribution. 

Right of use asset 

Asset that represents the lessee’s right to use an underlying asset during the lease term. 

Securitization fund 

A fund that is configured as a separate equity and administered by a management company. An entity that 
would like funding sells certain assets to the securitization fund, which, in turn, issues securities backed by 
said assets. 

Share premium 

The amount paid in by owners for issued equity at a premium to the shares' nominal value. 

Shareholders' funds 

Short positions 

Contributions by stockholders, accumulated earnings recognized in the income statement and 
the equity components of compound financial instruments. 

Financial  liabilities  arising  as  a  result  of  the  final  sale  of  financial  assets  acquired  under  repurchase 
agreements or received on loan. 

 
P.247 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Significant increase in 
credit risk 

In  order  to  determine  whether  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  for  lifetime  expected 
losses recognition, the Group has develop a two-prong approach: 

a)  Quantitative criterion: based on comparing the current expected probability of default over the 
life of the transaction with the original adjusted expected probability of default. The thresholds 
used for considering a significant increase in risk take into account special cases according to 
geographic areas and portfolios. 

b) Qualitative criterion: most indicators for detecting significant risk increase are included in the 
Group's systems through rating/scoring systems or macroeconomic scenarios, so quantitative 
analysis covers the majority of circumstances. The Group will use additional qualitative criteria 
when it considers it necessary to include circumstances that are not reflected in the rating/score 
systems or macroeconomic scenarios used. 

Significant influence 

Is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control 
or joint control of those policies. If an entity holds, directly or indirectly (i.e. through subsidiaries), 20 per 
cent or more of the voting power of the investee, it is presumed that the entity has significant influence, 
unless it can be clearly demonstrated that this is not the case. Conversely, if the entity holds, directly or 
indirectly  (i.e.  through  subsidiaries),  less  than  20  per  cent  of  the  voting  power  of  the  investee,  it  is 
presumed  that  the  entity  does  not  have  significant  influence,  unless  such  influence  can  be  clearly 
demonstrated. A substantial or majority ownership by another investor does not necessarily preclude an 
entity from having significant influence. 
The existence of significant influence by an entity is usually evidenced in one or more of the following ways:  
     a)      representation  on  the  board  of  directors  or  equivalent  governing  body  of  the  investee; 
     b)      participation in policy-making processes, including participation in decisions about dividends or 
other distributions; 
     c)     material transactions between the entity and its investee; 
     d)     interchange of managerial personnel; or 
     e)       provision of essential technical information. 

Solely Payments of 
Principle and Interest 
(SPPI) 

Stages 

The assessment as to how an asset shall be classified is made on the basis of both the business model for 
managing  the  financial  asset  and  the  contractual  cash  flow  characteristic  of  the  financial  asset  (SPPI 
Criterion). To determine whether a financial asset shall be classified as measured at amortized cost or 
FVOCI, a 
Group  assesses  (apart  from  the  business  model)  whether  the  cash  flows  from  the  financial  asset 
represent,  on  specified  dates,  solely  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  the  principal  amount 
outstanding (SPPI). 
IFRS 9 classifies financial instruments into three categories, which depend on the evolution of their credit 
risk  from  the  moment  of  initial  recognition.  The  first  category  includes  the  transactions  when  they  are 
initially  recognized  -  without significant increase in credit risk  (Stage  1);  the  second  comprises  the 
operations for which a significant increase in credit risk has been identified since its initial recognition - 
significant increase in credit risk (Stage 2) and the third one, the impaired operations Impaired (Stage 3). 
The transfer logic is defined in a symmetrical way, whenever the condition that 
triggered a transfer to Stage 2 is no longer met, the exposure will be transferred to 
Stage 1. In the case of forbearances transferred to stage 2, as long as the loan is flagged as forbearance it 
will keep its status as Stage 2. However, when the loan is not flagged as forbearance it will be transferred 
back to Stage 1. 

Structured credit products  Special financial instrument backed by other instruments building a subordination structure. 

 
 
P.248 
Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Structured Entities 

A structured entity is an entity that has been designed so that voting or similar rights are not the dominant 
factor in deciding who controls the entity, such as when any voting rights relate to administrative tasks 
only and the relevant activities are directed by means of contractual arrangements. A structured entity 
often has some or all of the following features or attributes: 

     a)     restricted activities. 

     b)     a narrow and well-defined objective, such as to effect a tax-efficient lease, carry out research and 
development  activities,  provide  a  source  of  capital  or  funding  to  an  entity  or  provide  investment 
opportunities for investors y passing on risks and rewards associated with the assets of the structured 
entity to investors. 
    c)    insufficient  equity  to  permit  the  structured  entity  to  finance  its  activities  without  subordinated 
financial support.  
    d)     financing  in  the  form  of  multiple  contractually  linked  instruments  to  investors  that  create 
concentrations of credit or other risks (tranches). 

Subordinated liabilities 

Financing received, regardless of its instrumentation, which ranks after the common creditors in the event 
of a liquidation. 

Subsidiaries 

Companies over which the Group exercises control. An entity is presumed to have control over another 
when it possesses the right to oversee its financial and operational policies, through a legal, statutory or 
contractual procedure, in order to obtain benefits from its economic activities. Control is presumed to exist 
when the parent owns, directly or indirectly through subsidiaries, more than one half of an entity's voting 
power, unless, exceptionally, it can be clearly demonstrated that ownership of more than one half of an 
entity's voting rights does not constitute control of it. Control also exists when the parent owns half or less 
of the voting power of an entity when there is: 
     a)      an  agreement  that  gives  the  parent  the  right  to  control  the  votes  of  other  shareholders; 
     b)     power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity under a statute or an agreement; 
power to appoint or remove the majority of the members of the board of directors or equivalent governing 
body and control of the entity is by that board or body; 
     c)     power to cast the majority of votes at meetings of the board of directors or equivalent governing 
body and control of the entity is by that board or body. 

Tax liabilities 

All tax related liabilities except for provisions for taxes. 

Territorial bonds 

Tier 1 Capital 

Financial assets or fixed asset security issued with the guarantee of portfolio loans of the public sector of 
the issuing entity. 

Mainly  includes:  Common  stock,  parent  company  reserves,  reserves  in  consolidated  companies,  non-
controlling interests, deductions and others and attributed net income. 

Tier 2 Capital 

Mainly includes: Subordinated, preferred shares and non- controlling interest. 

Unit-link 

Write- off 

This is life insurance in which the policyholder assumes the risk. In these policies, the funds for the technical 
insurance provisions are invested in the name of and on behalf of the policyholder in shares of Collective 
Investment Institutions and other financial assets chosen by the policyholder, who bears the investment 
risk. 

When the recovery of any recognized amount is considered to be remote, this amount is removed from 
the consolidated balance sheet, without prejudice to any actions taken by the consolidated entities in order 
to collect the amount until their rights extinguish in full through expiry, forgiveness or for other reasons. 

 
 
 
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Translation of the Consolidated Financial Statements originally issued in Spanish and prepared in accordance with EU-IFRS, as adopted by the European Union 
(see Notes 1 to 56). In the event of a discrepancy, the Spanish-language version prevails. 

Value at Risk (VaR) is the basic variable for measuring and controlling the Group’s market risk. This risk 
metric estimates the maximum loss that may occur in a portfolio’s market positions for a particular time 
level 
horizon 

confidence 

given 

and 

Value at Risk (VaR) 

VaR figures are estimated following two methodologies: 

VaR  with  smoothing,  which  weighs  more  recent  market  information  more  heavily.  This  is  a 

     a)     VaR  without  smoothing,  which  awards  equal  weight  to  the  daily  information  for  the  immediately 
preceding last two years. This is currently the official methodology for measuring market risks vis-à-vis 
limits compliance of the risk. 
b) 
metric which supplements the previous one. 
c) 
VaR with smoothing adapts itself more swiftly to the changes in financial market conditions, whereas VaR 
without smoothing is, in general, a more stable metric that will tend to exceed VaR with smoothing when 
the  markets  show  less  volatile  trends,  while  it  will  tend  to  be  lower  when  they  present  upturns  in 
uncertainty. 

Yield curve risk 

Risks arising from changes in the slope and the shape of the yield curve.