Quarterlytics / Energy / Coal / Bisichi PLC

Bisichi PLC

bisi · LSE Energy
Claim this profile
Ticker bisi
Exchange LSE
Sector Energy
Industry Coal
Employees 201-500
← All annual reports
FY2022 Annual Report · Bisichi PLC
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Bisichi PLC Annual Report 2022

A tribute to  
Sir Michael Heller Kt MA
Chairman 1981-2023

It was with great sadness that the Board of Bisichi announced 
the death of its Chairman, Sir Michael Heller Kt MA (1936-2023) 
on the 30th January 2023.

Cambridge-educated Sir Michael qualified as an accountant, 
but became a businessman and philanthropist of considerable 
stature, whose achievements were recognised with a knighthood 
in 2013. Instrumental in the development of several companies, 
including Bisichi, Sir Michael’s focussed direction and decision 
making, wise advice and moral compass, were pivotal to the 
Company’s success and will be sorely missed. Meticulously 
watching cash flow, and ensuring that the Company always 
had regular income, was the cornerstone of Sir Michael’s 
business strategy. To a very great degree, this explains why 
Bisichi has performed so well when so many of its peers no 
longer exist. 

Fortunately, despite being unwell and in hospital, Sir Michael 
was able to appreciate the Company’s success in 2022. In his 
typically humorous fashion, he took enormous pleasure in 
telling the nurses at his bedside how well the Company had 
done. The greatest legacy that the Board can give him is to 
continue the work that he so tirelessly put in to the development 
of the Company, and to continue its growth. Thank you Sir 
Michael for everything that you have done: the Company is 
greatly indebted to you. 

Contents

STRATEGIC REPORT 
2   Chairman’s Statement
4 

 Principal activity, strategy  
& business model

5  Mining Review
7  Sustainable development
19  Principal risks & uncertainties
24  Financial & performance review 

GOVERNANCE
31  Directors and advisors
32  Five year summary
32  Financial calendar
33  Directors’ report
39 

 Statement of the Chairman 
of the remuneration committee

40  Annual remuneration report
54  Audit committee report
56  Valuers’ certificates
57  Directors’ responsibilities statement
Independent auditor’s report 
58 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
68  Consolidated income statement
69 

 Consolidated statement of other 
comprehensive income
70  Consolidated balance sheet
72 

 Consolidated statement of changes 
in shareholders’ equity

73  Consolidated cash flow statement
74  Group accounting policies
82  Notes to the financial statements
108  Company balance sheet
109  Company statement of changes in equity
110  Company accounting policies

Strategic report

The Directors present 
the Strategic Report of the 
company for the year ending 
31 December 2022. The aim 
of the Strategic Report is to 
provide shareholders with 
the ability to assess how the 
Directors have performed 
their duty to promote the 
success of the company 
for the collective benefit 
of shareholders.

Bisichi PLC

11

 
Strategic Report

Strategic Report
Chairman’s Statement
I am very pleased to report to shareholders that for the year ended 31 December 2022, 
your company made a profit before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) 
of £40.0million (2021: £5.8million) and an operating profit before depreciation, fair 
value adjustments and exchange movements (Adjusted EBITDA) of £39.4million 
(2021: £5.0million). These strong earnings for the Group can be attributed to a 
strong performance from Sisonke Coal Processing, the Group’s South African coal 
processing operation which benefited from significantly improved prices in all its 
markets. 

During the year, a disconnect in global 
energy markets contributed to an 
increase in the weekly Free on Board 
(FOB) coal price from Richards Bay Coal 
Terminal (API4 price) from $125 per 
metric tonne at the end of 2021 to a peak 
of over $360 in August. Overall, the API4 
price averaged $273 in 2022 compared 
to $125 in 2021. The higher export prices 
achievable for our coal along with higher 
domestic prices, particularly during the 
second half of the year, contributed 
significantly to the increase in Group 
revenue and profitability during the year. 
Revenues for the year would have been 
even better if we had not encountered 
constraints in transporting coal for export 
on the South African rail network, 
constraints which were beyond our 
control. For this reason, exports during 
the year decreased to 262,000 metric 
tonnes compared to 320,000 metric 
tonnes in 2021. 

At Black Wattle, the Group’s South 
African coal mining operation, our 
transition into new mining areas impacted 
adversely our coal production, particularly 
during the first half of the year. As 
previously reported, the transition into the 
new mining areas was completed in July 
last year and in the second half of the 

year Black Wattle achieved improved 
production of 0.52million metric tonnes 
compared to 0.30million metric tonnes in 
the first half of the year. The mine 
achieved production of 0.82million metric 
tonnes in 2022 compared to 1.05million 
metric tonnes in 2021. The increases in 
our reserves, plant and equipment that 
are evident on the balance sheet are 
mainly attributable to the costs of 
completing the development of the new 
mining areas which will be mined 
throughout 2023. 

Despite the lower coal production from 
Black Wattle, at Sisonke Coal Processing 
we were able maintain the levels of coal 
processed. During the year the Group 
sold 1.29million metric tonnes compared 
to 1.45million metric tonnes of coal in 
2021. For the year, the Group reported 
£95.1million in revenue (2021: 
£50.5million) with the higher prices 
achievable for our coal offsetting the 
lower quantity of coal sold.

Looking forward into 2023, we have 
already seen coal prices in the export 
market come back down to similar levels 
last seen at the beginning of 2022. With 
the outlook for global energy demand 
less certain, your management will be 
focussing on improving production levels 

at Black Wattle and keeping operating 
costs low. We continue to mitigate the 
uncertainties in transporting coal for 
export on the South African rail network 
by maintaining diversified sales through 
the domestic market. 

We are pleased to include in our annual 
report this year our new climate change 
report on page 11. The Group recognises 
that climate change represents one of the 
most significant challenges facing the 
world today and supports the goals of the 
Paris Agreement and the UN Framework 
Convention on Climate Change. The 
Group recognises the need, and is 
committed to, diversifying its future 
business activities into areas outside of 
coal. The Group is continually looking at 
alternative independent mining and 
renewable energy related opportunities, 
as well as new opportunities to add to our 
existing UK property and listed equity 
investment portfolios. In the interim, we 
continue to work closely with Vunani 
Mining, our BEE partner in Black Wattle 
and Sisonke Coal processing, in being 
responsible stewards of our legacy coal 
operations taking into account the 
climate-related risks outlined in our 
climate report and the impact these risks 
may have on all our stakeholders.  

2 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report 

In the UK, we have seen rental revenue 
from our retail property portfolio remain 
stable in 2022. The Group billed revenue 
from our directly owned property 
portfolio of £1.11million (2021: 
£1.12million) during the year. The Group 
continues to hold its joint venture 
development investment in West Ealing, 
with London & Associated Properties 
PLC and Metroprop Real Estate Ltd. A 
final decision on whether to sell the land 
or build out the flats has yet to be taken.

As previously announced, we are pleased 
to welcome John Heller to the Board of 
Bisichi PLC as a non-executive director. 
The appointment took effect on the 29 
March 2023. John is the Chairman and 
Managing Director of London & 
Associated Properties PLC which holds a 
41.6% stake in Bisichi and a Director of 
Intu Debenture PLC. John’s valuable 
experience in property investment and 
management, makes him an excellent 
addition to the Board. John’s knowledge 
and experience will enhance the Group’s 
strategy of growing the company’s 
existing and future spread of business 
interests and investments, and will help 
to offset the loss of our late Chairman, Sir 
Michael Heller.

Finally, in light of the strong results achieved 
for the year and the performance of our 
South African operations, the Directors 
propose a total year-end dividend per 
share of 12p (2021: 6p) made up a final 
dividend of 4p (2021: 4p) and a special 
dividend of 8p (2021: 2p). The final and 
special dividends proposed will be 
payable on Friday 28 July 2023 to 
shareholders registered at the close of 
business on 7 July 2023. This takes the 
total dividends per share for the year to 
22p (2021: 6p).

On behalf of the Board, our late Chairman, 
and shareholders, I would like to thank all 
of our staff for their hard work and 
dedication during the course of the year.

Andrew Heller 
Executive Chairman & Managing 
Director

26 April 2023

Bisichi PLC

33
33

  
Strategic Report
Principal activity, strategy  
& business model
The company carries on business as a mining company and its principal activity is coal 
mining and coal processing in South Africa. The company’s strategy is to create and 
deliver long term sustainable value to all our stakeholders through our business model 
which can be broken down into three key areas:

1

2

3

Production & 
sustainability 
The Group strives to mine its 
remaining South African coal 
reserves in an economical and 
sustainable manner that delivers 
value to all our stakeholders.

Processing & 
marketing
The Group seeks to achieve 
value from its South African coal 
processing infrastructure through 
the washing, transportation and 
marketing of coal into both the 
domestic and export markets. 

Acquisition & 
investment
The Group continues to oversee 
responsibly its existing mining and 
processing operations in South 
Africa as well as actively to seek and 
evaluate new alternative mining 
related opportunities. The Group 
aims to achieve this through new 
commercial arrangements. 

In addition, we seek to balance the 
high risk of our mining operations 
with a dependable cash flow from our 
UK property investment operations 
and listed equity investment 
portfolios. The company primarily 
invests in retail property across the 
UK as well as residential property 
development. The UK Retail property 
portfolio is managed by London & 
Associated Properties PLC whose 
responsibility is to actively manage 
the portfolio to improve rental income 
and thus enhance the value of the 
portfolio over time.

4 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report 
Mining review
Despite mining and logistical challenges, 2022 was an unprecedented year in terms 
of performance for our South African coal mining and processing operations. Higher 
coal prices contributing strongly to the profitability of the Group. With more uncertainty 
in the coal market going into 2023, management will be focussing on improving 
production levels and keeping operating costs low. 

Production and operations 
The transition to new mining areas at 
Black Wattle, our South African mining 
operation, impacted production in 2022, 
particularly in the first half of the year. For 
the year, the mine achieved production of 
0.82million metric tonnes compared to 
1.05million metric tonnes in 2021. Looking 
forward, both our mining contractors have 
fully transitioned into the new mining area 
where mining conditions are expected to 
improve steadily over the course of 2023. 
In addition, management will be focussing 
on keeping operating costs low in light of 
global inflationary pressures that started 
to impact our operations during the 
course of 2022. 

We continue to work closely with Vunani 
Mining, our BEE partner in Black Wattle 
and Sisonke Coal processing, in being 
responsible stewards of our legacy coal 
operations, which have a life of mine of 
seven years, taking into account the 
climate related risks outlined in our 
climate report on page 11 and the impact 
these risks may have on all our 
stakeholders. 

Main trends/markets 
The disconnect in global energy markets 
in 2022 had a significant impact on 
demand and prices achievable for our 
coal over the year. In the international 
market the average weekly price of Free 
On Board (FOB) Coal from Richard Bay 
Coal Terminal (API4 price) averaged $273 
in 2022 compared to $125 in 2021. 

The higher prices, along with a stronger 
US Dollar compared to the South African 
Rand, resulted in the Group achieving an 
average Rand price of R3,770 per tonne 
of export coal sold from the mine in 2022 
compared to R1,129  in 2021. The Group’s 
export sales are via Richards Bay Coal 
Terminal, primarily under the Quattro 
programme which allows junior black-
economic empowerment coal producers 
direct access to the coal export market 
via the terminal. During the second half of 
the year exports were limited by 
constraints in transporting coal for export 
on the South African rail network, exports 
volumes from our South African 
operations decreased during the year to 
262,000 metric tonnes compared to 
320,000 metric tonnes in 2021. 

In light of the export constraints, the 
Group continued to supply the majority of 
its coal to the South African domestic 
market in 2022. The strong demand in the 
international market contributed to higher 
domestic prices achievable for our coal, 
particularly in the second half of the year. 

For the year, the Group achieved an 
average domestic price of R774 per tonne 
coal sold compared to R470 in 2021. 
Domestic sales volumes from our South 
African operations decreased slightly 
during the year to 1.03million metric 
tonnes (2021: 1.13million metric tonnes) 
mainly due to a build of coal stocks at 
year end.

In 2022, the Group achieved an average 
Rand price per tonne of coal sold of 
R1,384 compared to R616 in 2021. The 
higher coal prices contributed to the 
increase in Group revenue during the year 
offsetting lower sales volumes.

Looking forward into 2023, in the first 
quarter we have seen API4 prices average 
$145 and uncertainties remain, 
particularly with regard to the outlook for 
the international coal price as well as the 
impact of continued constraints in 
transporting coal for export on the South 
African rail network. In light of this, 
management will be focussing in 2023 on 
improving production levels, maintaining a 
diversified sales market, and keeping 
operating costs low. 

Bisichi PLC

55

Strategic Report Principal activity, strategy & business model

During the year the Group continued with 
its various employee and community 
related bursary and training initiatives. 
One of the key highlights for the year was 
the successful completion by Takalani 
Sandani, Mine Manager of Black Colliery, 
in his bursary studies. On behalf of the 
Group, the Board congratulates Takalani 
in obtaining his Masters of Business 
Administration from the Gordon Institute 
of Business Science, an affiliate of the 
University of Pretoria.

Prospects 
Management would like to thank all our 
South African employees and 
stakeholders for their significant 
contribution to the Group’s performance 
in 2022. Going forward, your 
management are optimistic that 2023 will 
be another successful year for our South 
African operations. 

Takalani Sandani  
at his Graduation

Sustainable development 
The Group’s South African operations 
continue to strive to conduct business in a 
safe, environmentally and socially 
responsible manner. Some highlights of 
our Health, Safety and Environment 
performance in 2022:
•  •   The Group’s South African operations 
recorded 2 Lost time Injuries during 
2022 (2021: Two). 

•  •  No cases of Occupational Diseases 

were recorded. 

•  •  Zero claims for the Compensation for 

Occupational Diseases were submitted.

In South Africa, the new government 
regulated Broad-Based Socio-Economic 
Empowerment Charter for the Mining and 
Minerals Industry, 2020 (New Mining 
Charter) came into force from March 2020. 
The New Mining Charter is a regulatory 
instrument that facilitates sustainable 
transformation, growth and development 
of the mining industry. The Group is 
committed to fully complying with the New 
Mining Charter and providing adequate 
resources to this area in order to ensure 
opportunities are expanded for historically 
disadvantaged South Africans (HDSAs) to 
enter the mining and minerals industry. In 
addition, we continue to adhere and make 
progress in terms of our Social and 
Labour Plan and our various BEE initiatives. 
A fuller explanation of these can be found 
in our Sustainable Development Report 
on page 7.

6 Bisichi PLC

 
 
Strategic Report
Sustainable development
The Group is fully committed to ensuring the sustainability of both our UK and 
South African operations and delivering long term value to all our stakeholders. 

Social, community and 
human rights issues
The Group believes that it is in the 
shareholders’ interests to consider social 
and human rights issues when 
conducting business activities both in the 
UK and South Africa. Various policies and 
initiatives implemented by the Group that 
fall within these areas are discussed 
within this report.

Health, Safety & Environment 
(HSE)
The Group is committed to creating a 
safe and healthy working environment for 
its employees and the health and safety 
of our employees is of the utmost 
importance. 

HSE performance in 2022:
•  •  No cases of Occupational Diseases 

were recorded. 

•  •  Zero claims for the Compensation for 

Occupational Diseases were submitted.
•  •  No machines operating at Black Wattle 
exceeded the regulatory noise level.
•  •  The Group’s South African operations 
recorded 2 Lost time Injuries during 
2022. 

In addition to the required personnel 
appointments and assignment of direct 
health and safety responsibilities on the 
mine, a system of Hazard Identification 
and Risk Assessments has been 
designed, implemented and maintained at 
Black Wattle and at Sisonke Coal 
Processing. 

Health and Safety training is conducted 
on an ongoing basis. We are pleased to 
report all relevant employees to date have 
received training in hazard identification 
and risk assessment in their work areas. 

A medical surveillance system is also in 
place which provides management with 
information used in determining measures 
to eliminate, control and minimise 
employee health risks and hazards and all 
Occupational Health hazards are 
monitored on an ongoing basis.

Various systems to enhance the current 
HSE strategy have been introduced as 
follows:
•  •  In order to improve hazard identification 
before the commencing of tasks, mini 
risk assessment booklets have been 
distributed to all mine employees and 
long term contractors on the mine. 

•  •  Dover testing is conducted for all 
operators. Dover testing is a risk 
detection and accident reduction tool 
which identifies employees’ problematic 
areas in their fundamental skills in 
order to receive appropriate training.
•  •  A Job Safety Analysis form is utilised to 

ensure effective identification of 
hazards in the workplace.

•  •  In order to capture and record 

investigation findings from incidents, an 
incident recording sheet is utilised by 
line management and contractors.
•  •  Black Wattle Colliery utilises ICAM 
(Incident Cause Analysis Method).
•  •  On-going training on first aid is being 

conducted with all employees involved 
with this discipline.

The Group continues to monitor and adhere 
to all of the South African government’s 
Covid-19 related guidelines and regulations 
including all updates and advice from the 
National Department of Health, the 
Department of Minerals Resources and 
Energy and the Office of the President. 

Black Wattle Colliery Social 
and Labour Plan (SLP) and 
Community Projects
Black Wattle Colliery is committed to true 
transformation and empowerment as well as 
poverty eradication within the surrounding 
and labour providing communities.

Black Wattle is committed to providing 
opportunities for the sustainable socio-
economic development of its 
stakeholders, such as:
•  •  Employees and their families, through 

Skills Development, Education 
Development, Human Resource 
Development, Empowerment and 
Progression Programmes.

•  •  Surrounding and labour sending 

communities, through Local Economic 
Development, Rural and Community 
Development, Enterprise Development 
and Procurement Programmes.

•  •  Empowering partners, through Broad-
Based Black Economic Empowerment 
(BBBEE) and Joint Ventures with 
Historically Disadvantaged South 
African (HDSA) new mining entrants 
and enterprises.

Bisichi PLC

77

Strategic Report Sustainable development

•  •  The company engages in on going 

consultation with its stakeholders to 
develop strong company-employee 
relationships, strong company-
community relationships and strong 
company-HDSA enterprise 
relationships. 

The key focus areas in terms of the 
detailed SLP programmes were updated 
as follows:
•  •  Implementation of new action plans, 
projects, targets and budgets were 
established through regular workshops 
with all stakeholders.

•  •  A comprehensive desktop socio-

economic assessment was undertaken 
on baseline data of the Steve Tshwete 
Local Municipality (STLM) and 
Nkangala District Municipality (NDM).

•  •  The STLM is still in the process of 
finalising its 2022-2027 Local 
Economic Development (LED) Plan. 
Once finalised, Black Wattle Colliery 
will select projects from the 2022-2027 
STLM LED plan for the inclusion in its 
2022-2027 SLP. The Black Wattle 
Colliery SLP will thereafter be 
submitted to the department of Mineral 
Resources and Energy for approval.
••  The building of the new school hall at 

the Phumelele Secondary School in the 
Rockdale Township was completed. 
•  •  Various upgrades were initiated at the 
Evergreen School nearby to Black 
Wattle. 

8 Bisichi PLC

Black Wattle has implemented various 
community initiatives including:
•  •  A community training environmental 

project, where local community 
members are trained to safely cut and 
remove non-indigenous vegetation, the 
making, bagging and sales of charcoal.

•  •  Certain community members have 
been identified for training in areas 
regarding mining and beneficiation.  
These areas include but are not limited 
to conveyor maintenance, operation of 
mining machinery and training in 
environmental waste management.
•  •  An interlocking block manufacturing 

operation will be started during 2023, 
making interlocking blocks for building 
homes

•  •  One HDSA Male completed his 
University studies in the 2022 
academic year.

•  •  Two HDSA females completed their 

University studies in the 2022 
academic year.

•  •  Two local community HDSA members 
were enrolled for the new academic 
year.

Environment & environment 
management programme

South Africa
Under the terms of the mine’s 
Environmental Management Programme 
approved by the Department of Mineral 
Resource and Energy (“DMRE”), Black 
Wattle undertakes a host of 
environmental protection activities to 
ensure that the approved Environmental 
Management Plan is fully implemented. In 
addition to these routine activities, Black 
Wattle regularly carries out environmental 
monitoring activities on and around the 
mine, including evaluation of ground 
water quality, air quality, noise and 

lighting levels, ground vibrations, air blast 
monitoring, and assessment of visual 
impacts. In addition to this Black Wattle 
also performs quarterly monitoring of all 
boreholes around the mine to ensure that 
no contaminated water filters through to 
the surrounding communities.

Black Wattle is fully compliant with the 
regulatory requirements of the 
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry 
and has an approved water use licence. 

Black Wattle Colliery has substantially 
improved its water management by 
erecting and upgrading all its pollution 
control dams in consultation with the 
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 

A performance assessment audit was 
conducted to verify compliance to our 
Environmental Management Programme 
and no significant deviations were found.

United Kingdom
The Group’s UK activities are principally 
retail property investment as well as 
residential property development 
whereby we provide or develop premises 
which are rented to retail businesses or 
sold on to end users. We seek to provide 
tenants and users in both these areas 
with good quality premises from which 
they can operate or reside in an 
environmentally sound manner.

Procurement
In compliance with the Mining Charter 
and the Mineral and Petroleum Resource 
Development Act, the Group’s South 
African operations has implemented a 
BBBEE-focussed procurement policy 
which strongly encourages our suppliers 
to establish and maintain BBBEE 
credentials. At present, BBBEE 
companies provide approximately 90 
percent of Black Wattle’s equipment and 
services. 

Strategic Report Sustainable development

Mining Charter
In South Africa, the new government 
regulated Broad-Based Socio-Economic 
Empowerment Charter for the Mining and 
Minerals Industry, 2020 (New Mining 
Charter) came into force from March 
2020. The New Mining Charter is a 
regulatory instrument that facilitates 
sustainable transformation, growth and 
development of the mining industry. The 
Group’s mining operation is expected to 
reach various levels of compliance to the 
New Mining Charter over a period of five 
years from March 2020. The Group is 

committed to providing adequate 
resources to this area in order to ensure 
full compliance to the New Mining Charter 
is achieved over the transitional period. 
As part of Black Wattle’s commitment to 
the New Mining Charter, the company 
seeks to: 
•  •  Expand opportunities for historically 

disadvantaged South Africans 
(HDSAs), including women and youth, 
to enter the mining and minerals 
industry and benefit from the extraction 
and processing of the country’s 
resources;

Employment & diversity
In the UK, the Board of Bisichi PLC at 31 December 2022 comprised of:

•  •  Utilise the existing skills base for the 

empowerment of HDSAs; and

•  •  Expand the skills base of HDSAs in 

order to serve the community.

Men

Women
Not specified/prefer not to say

White British or other White (including minority white 
groups)

Mixed/Multiple Ethnic Groups

Asian/Asian British

Black/African/Caribbean/Black British
Other ethnic group, including Arab

Number 
of board 
members

Percentage 
of the board

Number 
of senior 
positions on 
the board 

Number in 
executive 
management

Percentage 
of Executive 
management

7

0
0

100%

0%
0%

3

0
0

4

0
0

100%

0%
0%

Number 
of board 
members

Percentage 
of the board

Number 
of senior 
positions on 
the board 

Number in 
executive 
management

Percentage 
of Executive 
management

6

0

1

0
0

86%

0%

14%

0%
0%

3

0

0

0
0

4

0

0

0
0

100%

0%

0%

0%
0%

The above data has been collected through self-reporting by the Board members. Questions asked include gender identity or sex 
and ethnic background. 

Bisichi PLC

99

  
Anti-slavery and human 
trafficking
The Group is committed to the prevention 
of the use of forced labour and has a zero 
tolerance policy for human trafficking and 
slavery. The Group’s policies and 
initiatives in this area can be found within 
the Group’s Anti-slavery and human 
trafficking statement found on the 
Group’s website at www.bisichi.co.uk.  

Climate Change reporting
The Group recognises that climate 
change represents one of the most 
significant challenges facing the world 
today and supports the goals of the Paris 
Agreement and the UN Framework 
Convention on Climate Change. 

Our aim is to: 
•  •   minimize our contribution to 
greenhouse gas emissions; 

•  •   to consider and plan for the physical 

and transitional risks of climate change 
on our operations; and 

•  •   to work with stakeholders, including 

local government and communities, to 
mitigate the impact of climate-related 
challenges.

Strategic Report Sustainable development

•  •   An additional 8 disabled HDSA women 
continued their training on ABET levels 
one to four.

•  •   Four HDSA persons were enrolled for 
apprenticeships in 2022;  these are 
categorised as follows:

  ~  One HDSA female employee was 
enrolled for her apprenticeship.

  ~  Two HDSA females and one HDSA 

male from the local community were 
enrolled for their apprenticeships.
•  •   Further to the above, we confirm that 

one HDSA Male completed his bursary 
studies in 2022, while two HDSA 
females continued their bursary studies 
in 2022.

•  •   Two HDSA females were allocated new 

Bursaries for 2022.

Highlights for 2022 for Sisonke Coal 
Processing:
•  •   One employee was trained in ABET 

(Adult Basic Educational Training) on 
various levels  

Employment terms and conditions for our 
employees based at our UK office and at 
our South African mining operations are 
regulated by and are operated in 
compliance with all relevant prevailing 
national and local legislation. Employment 
terms and conditions provided to mining 
staff meet or exceed the national 
average. The Group’s mining operations 
and coal washing plant facility are labour 
intensive and unionised. During the year 
no labour disputes, strikes or wage 
negotiations disrupted production or had 
a significant impact on earnings. The 
Group’s relations to date with labour 
representatives and labour related unions 
continue to remain strong.

At 31 December 2022 the Company did 
not meet the target of at least 40% of 
the individuals on its board of directors 
are women and at least one of the senior 
positions on the Board are held by a 
women. The Group is committed to 
improving upon its gender and diversity 
targets at all employment levels within the 
Group through a required build-up of 
sufficient talent pools, training up of 
employees and targeted recruitment 
policies. The Group’s South African 
operations are committed to achieving 
the goals of the South African 
Employment Equity Act and is pleased to 
report the following:
•  •   Black Wattle Colliery has exceeded the 
10 percent women in management and 
core mining target.

•  •   Black Wattle Colliery has achieved over 

15 percent women in core mining.
•  •   94 percent of the women at Black 
Wattle Colliery are HDSA females.

In terms of directors, employees and 
gender representation, at the year end 
the Group had 9 directors (8 male and 2 
from a minority ethnic or HDSA 
Background, 1 female from a minority 
ethnic or HDSA Background), 6 senior 
managers (5 male and 2 from a minority 
ethnic or HDSA Background, 1 female 
from a minority ethnic or HDSA 
Background) and 228 employees (158 
male and 134 from a minority ethnic or 
HDSA Background, 70 female and 66 
from a minority ethnic or HDSA 
Background).

Black Wattle Colliery has successfully 
submitted their annual Employment 
Equity Report to the Department of 
Labour. In terms of staff training some 
highlights for 2022 were: 
•  •   1 employee was trained in ABET (Adult 
Basic Educational Training) on various 
levels; 

10 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report Sustainable development

Task Force on Climate-related 
Financial Disclosures
Bisichi is committed to managing the 
impact of its operations on the planet and 
the impact of climate change on its 
operations, particularly to ensure 
continued operational and financial 
resilience in a changing world and 
marketplace. Bisichi understands the 
importance of these matters to its 
investors, partners, and regulatory 
authorities and, as required by the Listing 
Rules, has adopted the Task Force on 
Climate-related Disclosure’s framework 
for communicating climate related 
financial risks. 

The Group’s primary operations are coal 
mining and processing in South Africa. 

Hydrocarbons are a key source of energy 
and heat for the foreseeable future and 
the Company’s operations have 
contributed to meeting market demand 
for coal, particularly in South Africa.  
However, the Group’s operations form 
part of a wider energy and natural 
resources market which is in the process 
of transitioning, in conjunction with the 
published government, national and 
supra-national policies, to net-zero.  

In the current year, the Group has aligned 
its climate disclosures in this Strategic 
Report to the four Task force on Climate-
related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”) 
recommendations and the 11 
recommended disclosures as outlined 
below. This is the first year the Group has 

published a report in line with the TCFD 
Recommendations and the Group has 
endeavoured to make disclosures 
consistent with the TCFD recommended 
disclosures taking into consideration the 
short to medium term life of its South 
African coal operation and the size and 
complexity of the Group as a whole. The 
Group continues to develop and enhance 
its infrastructure, strategies, structures, 
resources and tools to manage the risks 
and opportunities presented by climate 
change and to ensure its ongoing climate 
change reporting disclosure is fully 
consistent in all areas with the TCFD 
recommended disclosures.

TCFD PILLAR

Governance

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

Board’s oversight 
of climate risk and 
opportunities.

BISICHI PLC

The Board has ultimate responsibility for the monitoring and development of the Group’s 
approach to climate risk and opportunities. 

In light of the size of the Group,  ESG matters are considered as part of the Group’s 
regular board meetings and at other appropriate points during the year.

The Board has developed and implemented a Climate Change Policy and monitor the 
content, effectiveness and implementation of this Policy on a regular basis.

The Group’s Climate Change Policy can be found on the Group’s website at www.bisichi.
co.uk. 

Short, medium and long term strategic decisions, including those on capital allocation 
and portfolio management, are considered by Group management who make 
recommendations to the Board. Climate related issues and policy are included as 
significant factors for consideration in the decision making process, both in the 
management recommendation and in the Board’s consideration of the relevant issue. 

On-going climate related issues are integrated into the Group’s business risk 
management process and reporting thereof to the Board and Audit Committee. 

The Group has regard to best practice in its area of operations, its health and safety and 
environmental obligations and seeks to ensure high standards of business conduct in 
its operations. It will review compliance with the TCFD Recommendations on an ongoing 
basis, and report on its performance on a yearly basis. 

Bisichi PLC

1111

Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

Governance

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

Management’s role 
in assessing and 
managing climate-
related risks and 
opportunities.

Strategy

Climate-related 
risks and 
opportunities the 
Group has identified 
over the short, 
medium, and long 
run.

BISICHI PLC

Responsibility for the application of this Policy rests with, but is not limited to, all employees 
and contractors engaged in relevant activities under the Group’s operational control. The 
Group’s managers are responsible for promoting and ensuring compliance with this Policy 
and any related individual site-level policies and practices. 

At our South African operations, management have commenced engagement with key 
stakeholders in order to ensure awareness of our climate change policy as well as the 
potential impact of climate change on our environment and operations. We continue 
our collaboration with our contractors on GHG Emission Reporting, and we are actively 
looking for opportunities to partner with our stakeholders to drive the uptake of carbon 
neutral solutions.

For material strategic or financial decisions, the Group may consider procuring expert 
advice from third party consultants on the impact in the short, medium and long term 
of the decision, and ensure that such information is fully considered as part of the 
evaluation of the relevant matter. 

The Group considers the current life of mine of its South African operations to fall within a 
short to medium term horizon. Within this horizon, climate change transition risks may impact 
our South African coal mining and processing operations. Risks include:
••     coal price and demand volatility;
••     availability and cost of financing and third party services such as insurance;
••     delays or restrictions to regulatory approvals; 
••     early retirement of our coal processing and mining operations; and
••     Carbon pricing and taxes, that may create additional costs through the value chain.
The Group have assessed physical climate risk profiles produced by the World Bank, 
particularly in relation to our South African operations. The Group considers the physical 
risks of variations in climate over the current life of mine of our South African operations to 
be mainly limited to an increased risk of seasonal flooding that may impact the operating 
efficiency, costs and revenues of our mining and processing operations.

12 Bisichi PLC

 
Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

BISICHI PLC

In a longer term horizon, and in a scenario where the useful life of our South African 
operations is extended, the above short to medium term transitional risks are expected to 
continue to apply. In addition, in a scenario, such as the International Energy Association’s 
(“IEA”) Pathway to Net Zero by 2050 (“NZE 2050”), where climate policies are effectively 
implemented that support a transformation to net zero emissions by 2050 and limiting 
the rise of global temperatures to 1.5°C by the end of the century, policies will lead 
to significant coal demand decline over the longer term. This in turn will impact the 
carrying value and long term viability of our South African coal operations as well as the 
stakeholders and communities reliant on our operations. Extreme weather events, over 
the long term in South Africa, such as floods, and droughts, as well as changes in rainfall 
patterns, temperature, and storm frequency will also affect the operating efficiency, costs 
and revenues of our mining and processing operations, supply chains and impact the 
communities living close to our operations. 

Clean coal research and technology initiatives such as carbon capture may result in 
opportunities to increase the useful life of our South African coal mining and processing 
operations. In addition, the clean energy transition provides opportunities for the Group 
to diversify its business activities and equity investment portfolio into renewable and 
extractive industries that will benefit from and are critical to the transition to a clean 
energy system 

The main sources of scope 1 & 2 Green House Gas (GHG) emissions for the Group have 
been associated with our South African coal mining and processing operations, namely 
due to fuel combustion and electricity usage. Improvements in the cost competitiveness 
of lower emission sources of energy provide opportunities to lower overall operating 
costs at our operations as well as reduce overall GHG Emissions.   

In the UK we have identified the following material physical and transitional risks related 
to our UK Retail portfolio: 

••     Long term physical risk through changes in climate, flood risk and extreme weather; 

and

••     Short-term transition risk from emerging regulation related to energy performance 

(“EPC”) and enhanced disclosures.

Bisichi PLC

1313

Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

Strategy

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

Impact of climate-
related risks and 
opportunities 
on businesses, 
strategy, and 
financial planning.

14 Bisichi PLC

BISICHI PLC

Management have incorporated and regularly review the following strategies and 
procedures in relation to it South African coal operations: 
••     Review of the impact of climate change and the global transition to clean energy, 
particularly in relation to the current life of mine of the Group’s coal operations; 

••     Regular research and analysis of the coal market demand outlook;
••     Regular research and analysis on the outlook of the South African coal mining industry 
and climate change regulation including mining regulation, energy procurement and 
licensing, and carbon taxing; 

••     Regular communication with financial service providers and suppliers on any future 

changes to availability and cost of services;

••     Regular research and analysis on the progress of clean coal technology and related 

regulatory initiatives; and

••     Regular dialogue and seeking collaboration with governments and local communities 

and other stakeholders on climate change-related challenges.

The Board has identified the need to mitigate GHG emission heavy sources of electricity 
usage at our coal washing plant. Management are currently in the process of evaluating 
opportunities to reduce these emissions taking into particular consideration the financial 
viability and long term sustainability of the projects. 

The below areas have been identified where GHG emissions can be further reduced through: 
••     Minimising land clearance for new project facilities;
••     Adoption of mitigation strategies for preserving integrity of environment;
••     Minimising tree felling; 
••     The use of modern, energy and fuel efficient equipment;
••     The inclusion of the impact of GHG emissions as an evaluation criteria in the selection of 
mining contractors, suppliers and equipment. Particular consideration will be given to the 
choice of vehicles used for the mine fleet, employee transportation and the haulage fleet. 
Where possible energy and fuel efficiency will be a factor in the selection of vehicles as 
this will not only reduce GHG emissions but also reduce operating costs. In addition to the 
efficiency of the fleet itself, opportunities will be sought for improving the use of the vehicles. 

••     Scheduling of excavation and haulage activities to optimise activities and avoid double 

handling, where this is operationally practical; and

••     The upgrading of energy-intensive machinery over time will be used to improve efficiency 

and reduce CO2 emissions compared to machinery that has been removed. 

Further energy efficiency opportunities will also be investigated.

Potential water scarcity has increased management focus on opportunities to increase 
the usage efficiency of our existing water supply and water recycling systems. The 
introduction of a closed loop filter press system for coal fines in 2019 and additional 
other work concluded or planned on our water recycling systems at our coal processing 
facility will result in a lowering of our overall cost of water and the environmental footprint 
of our operations. Increased risks of flooding have been incorporated at planning stage in 
new opencast mining areas that have been opened. 

Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

BISICHI PLC

Strategy

Resilience of 
strategy, taking 
into consideration 
different climate-
related scenarios, 
including a 2°C or 
lower scenario.

Transition and physical risks related to climate change are regularly discussed at Board 
level, particularly those related to the long term viability of the Group’s South African 
coal operations and the future allocation of capital. The Board regularly considers the 
need for coal as an energy source both globally and in South Africa over the life of mine 
of our operations and in its long term planning. The Board is committed to responsible 
stewardship of our legacy South African coal assets taking into account the impact 
climate change related risks may have on all our local stakeholders. We recognise the 
need to collaborate with government, employees and communities, to ensure a just 
transition for our stakeholders through the transition to a low carbon economy.  

The Board regularly evaluates and continues to seek opportunities to diversify its 
business activities and equity investment portfolio, particularly into renewable and 
extractive industries that predominantly mine commodities identified by the IEA as 
critical in the transition to a clean energy system. Any significant developments will 
be reported to shareholders in due course.

The Board continue to monitor and regularly review adherence by the Group to 
changes to UK EPC. The Group have incorporated the ongoing impact of EPC 
regulatory standards into its decision making process.

Management have incorporated climate scenarios into our strategic operational 
planning and review process. We have  assessed the resilience of our coal operations 
compared to the IEA’s NZE2050 Scenario, which sets out what additional measures 
would be required over the next ten years to put the world as a whole on track for 
net zero emissions by mid-century. The Scenario indicates a significant coal demand 
decline over the longer term impacting the potential commercial longevity of the 
Group’s South African operations. In addition we have assessed physical climate risk 
profiles for our South African operations obtained via the World Bank Group’s Climate 
Change Knowledge Portal. The outcomes of scenario testing and physical climate 
profiling have been incorporated into the long term strategic planning and decision 
making processes of the Group.  

Over the short to medium term, considering the potential impact of transitional climate 
risks on the Group’s South African operations, the Group’s climate strategy and policy 
is regularly scrutinised by senior management and the Board in regard to any changes 
in coal demand outlook and climate regulatory policy that may impact our operations 
over the current life of mine. A recent example being the Just Energy Transition 
Investment Plan (“JET IP”) announced by the South African Government for 2023-2027.  

The Board encourages senior and local management to assess principal and emerging 
climate-related risks on a regular basis. Risks identified are to be reported to and 
discussed at Board level and incorporated into the strategy and planning of the Group. 

Bisichi PLC

1515

Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

Risk Management

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

Processes for 
identifying and 
assessing climate 
related risks.

Risk Management

Processes for 
managing climate-
related risks.

Risk Management

Processes for 
identifying, 
assessing, and 
managing climate-
related risks are 
integrated into 
the overall risk 
management.

16 Bisichi PLC

BISICHI PLC

The Group’s risk management processes are developed, implemented and reviewed 
by the Board, who retain ultimate responsibility for them. 

In addition to the Group’s management of its principal risks and uncertainties, climate 
change impacts are mainly considered from two environmental perspectives, the 
impact of our South African coal mining and processing operations on the climate 
and the effect of global climate change on our operations and stakeholders.

Heavy sources of GHG emissions have been identified from our annual Greenhouse 
Gas emissions recording and reporting. 

The Board and Senior management remain in regular communication with local 
regulatory bodies, climate research providers, coal market analysts, suppliers, and 
services providers to ensure climate related risks and changes in regulatory policy 
are identified and assessed on a regular basis. Senior and local management in 
South Africa are encouraged by the Board to identify local climate related risks and 
changes in regulatory policy that may impact our South African coal operations.   

Management continually engage with governments and local communities and other 
stakeholders on climate change-related challenges impacting the local area and the 
South African coal industry at large.

The Board and Senior management co-ordinate the Group’s analysis and planning 
of the effects of climate change on our business. The Board regularly discusses 
the impact of any risks identified through the organisation, particularly in relation to 
material matters that may impact the viability of the Group’s coal operations. The 
Board regularly reviews and analyses coal market and outlook research, particularly 
in relation to targets set out in local climate policy such as JET IP and global climate 
scenarios such as NZE 2050. 

The mitigation of GHG emissions and identification of climate related risks has been 
integrated into our corporate policy, project and procurement evaluation criteria at 
our South African operations to ensure it is consistently applied and managed.

The Group continuously monitors and reports key performance indications relating to 
environmental matters, including the location of CO2 emissions, their levels and intensity.

On an ongoing basis, the Group  assesses the impact of carbon pricing, climate 
regulation and taxation on going concern assumptions, the Group’s current and 
future strategy and operations.

New or evolving climate change risks identified by both senior and local management 
are to be reported to and discussed at Board level and incorporated into the strategy, 
planning and climate policy of the Group. 

Where possible, plans to mitigate the effect of climate change on our operations 
and our local communities will be integrated into the mines regulatory environmental 
management and social and labour plans.  

Strategic Report Sustainable development

TCFD PILLAR

TCFD  
RECOMMENDED 
DISCLOSURE

BISICHI PLC

Metrics and Targets Metrics used 

by the Group to 
assess climate 
related risks and 
opportunities in line 
with its strategy and 
risk management 
process.

Metrics and Targets Scope 1, Scope 2 

and, if appropriate, 
Scope 3 
greenhouse gas 
(GHG) emissions, 
and the related 
risks.

Metrics and Targets Targets used by the 

Group to manage 
climate-related risks 
and opportunities 
and performance 
against targets.

A financial segmentation of the Group’s South African coal mining and processing 
assets that are impacted by the climate related risks and opportunities outlined above 
can be found on page 82. 

The Group recognises that its ability to reduce overall carbon emissions is 
constrained at present by the main segment of it business activities, being coal 
mining and processing in South Africa. The Group has, however, sought to 
appropriately target its emission reduction strategy to the elements of its operations 
where a meaningful reduction in greenhouse gas emissions can be effected, and this 
will be reflected in the targets set by the Group in due course.

The Group measures and report our CO2 emissions across the Group including a 
breakdown of UK and South African coal operations. See below for disclosure of 
emissions during the year.

The Group is committed to measuring and reporting our scope 1 and 2 greenhouse 
gas emissions, see below for disclosure of emissions during the year.

Scope 3 emissions are not currently measured given the size and life of mine of 
the Group’s South African coal operations and the uncertainty and impracticality in 
accurately measuring such emissions throughout the value chain. The Group will 
continue to assess the above approach as part of its continued review of compliance 
with the TCFD Recommendations and taking into account any material changes in 
future business activities.

Over 99% of the Group’s GHG Emissions relate to our South African coal operations 
which has a current life of mine of 7 years. 

In the short term, the Group’s continues to evaluate areas where GHG emissions 
can be further reduced, particularly scope 2 emissions related to the heavy sources 
of electricity usage at our coal washing plant. Once the Group has identified the 
scope of further potential reductions, their time, capital cost and practicability of 
implementation, short term targets for the Group will be reassessed. 

Over the long term, as part of the Group’s business strategy, the Board continues 
to evaluate opportunities to diversify its business activities. In turn, targets related 
to GHG emissions will be re-evaluated in line with any future changes in the Group’s 
planned operating activities.  

Bisichi PLC

1717

Strategic Report Sustainable development

Green House Gas reporting
We have reported on all of the emission sources required under the Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors’ Reports) 
Regulations.

The data detailed in these tables represent emissions and energy use for which Bisichi Mining plc is responsible. To calculate our 
emissions, we have used the main requirements of the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Corporate Standard and a methodology adapted 
from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2019), along with the UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for 
Company Reporting 2022. 

Any estimates included in our totals are derived from actual data which have been extrapolated to cover the full reporting periods. 
Our reporting includes our energy use and emissions associated with our UK office, which are minimal (2.5 tonnes of CO2e).

The Group’s carbon footprint:

Emissions source:
Emissions from the combustion of fuel or the operation of any facility including fugitive emissions 
from refrigerants use
Emissions resulting from the purchase of electricity, heat, steam or cooling by the company for its 
own use (location based) 

Total gross emissions 

Of which:

UK
South Africa

Intensity:
Tonnes of CO2 per £ sterling of revenue  
Tonnes of CO2 per tonne of coal produced

Energy consumption used to calculate above emissions
Of which UK

2022
CO2e 
Tonnes

2021 
CO2e 
Tonnes

39,564

41,960

12,267

12,040

51,831

54,000

3
51,828

0.0005
0.0629

kWh

2
53,998

0.0011
0.0516

kWh

87,292,816
12,341

83,079,614
10,186

18 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report
Principal risks & uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RISK

 COAL PRICE AND VOLUME RISK  

The Group is exposed to coal price risk as its future revenues 
will be derived based on contracts or agreements with physical 
off-take partners at prices that will be determined by reference 
to market prices of coal at delivery date.

The Group’s South African mining and coal processing 
operational earnings are significantly dependent on 
movements in both the export and domestic coal price. 

The price of export sales is derived from a US Dollar-
denominated export coal price and therefore the price 
achievable in South African Rands can be influenced by 
movements in exchange rates and overall global demand and 
supply. The volume of export sales achievable can be 
influenced by rail capacity and export quota constraints at 
Richards Bay Coal Terminal under the Quattro programme.

The domestic market coal prices are denominated in South 
African Rand and are primarily dependant on local demand 
and supply.

In the short term, disconnections in global energy markets and 
global economic volatility may result in additional price volatility 
in both the export and domestic market due to fluctuations in 
both demand and supply.

Longer term both the demand and supply of coal in the 
domestic and global market may be negatively impacted by 
climate related risks such as regulatory changes related to 
climate change and governmental CO2 emission commitments.  

 MINING RISK  

As with many mining operations, the reserve that is mined has 
the risk of not having the qualities and accessibility expected 
from geological and environmental analysis. This can have a 
negative impact on revenue and earnings as the quality and 
quantity of coal mined and sold by our mining operations may 
be lower than expected.

The Group primarily focuses on managing its underlying 
production and processing costs to mitigate coal price volatility 
as well as from time to time entering into forward sales contracts 
with the goal of preserving future revenue streams. The Group 
has not entered into any such contracts in 2021 and 2022. 

The Group’s export and domestic sales are determined based on 
the ability to deliver the quality of coal required by each market 
together with the market factors set out opposite. Volumes of 
export sales achieved during the year were primarily dependent 
on the Group’s ability to produce the higher quality of coal 
required for export, obtaining adequate rail capacity and utilising 
allowable export quotas under the Quattro programme. The 
volume of domestic market sales achieved during the year were 
primarily dependant on local demand and supply as well as the 
Group’s ability to produce the overall quality of coal required. The 
Group continues to assess on an ongoing basis its dependence 
on the above factors and evaluate alternative means to ensure 
coal sales and prices achieved are optimised.

The Group assesses on an ongoing basis the impact of volatility 
in global energy markets, economic volatility and climate change 
related risks may have on the Group’s mining operations and 
future investment decisions as outlined in the Group’s climate 
change reporting on page 11.

This risk is managed by engaging independent geological 
experts, referred to in the industry as the “Competent Person”, to 
determine the estimated reserves and their technical and 
commercial feasibility for extraction. In addition, management 
engage Competent Persons to assist management in the 
production of detailed life of mine plans as well as in the 
monitoring of actual mining results versus expected performance 
and management’s response to variances. The Group continued 
to engage an independent Competent Person in the current year. 
Refer to page 5 for details of mining performance.

Bisichi PLC

1919

Strategic Report Principal risks & uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

 CURRENCY RISK 

PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RISK

The Group’s operations are sensitive to currency movements, 
especially those between the South African Rand, US Dollar 
and British Pound. These movements can have a negative 
impact on the Group’s mining operations revenue as noted 
above, as well as operational earnings. 

The Group is exposed to currency risk in regard to the Sterling 
value of inter-company trading balances with its South African 
operations. It arises as a result of the retranslation of Rand 
denominated inter-company trade receivable balances into 
Sterling that are held within the UK and which are payable by 
South African Rand functional currency subsidiaries. 

The Group is exposed to currency risk in regard to the 
retranslation of the Group’s South African functional currency 
net assets to the Sterling reporting functional currency of the 
Group. A weakening of the South African Rand against Sterling 
can have a negative impact on the financial position and net 
asset values reported by the Group. 

Export sales within the Group’s South African operations are 
derived from a US Dollar-denominated export coal price. A 
weakening of the US Dollar can have a negative impact on the 
South African Rand prices achievable for coal sold by the 
Group’s South African mining operations. This in turn can have a 
negative impact on the Group’s mining operations revenue as 
well as operational earnings as the Group’s mining operating 
costs are Rand denominated. In order to mitigate this, the Group 
may enter into forward sales contracts in local currencies with 
the goal of preserving future revenue streams. The Group has 
not entered into any such contracts in 2022 and 2021. 

Although it is not the Group’s policy to obtain forward contracts 
to mitigate foreign exchange risk on inter-company trading 
balances or on the retranslation of the Group’s South African 
functional currency net assets, management regularly review the 
requirement to do so in light of any increased risk of future 
volatility.

Refer to the ‘Financial Review’ for details of significant currency 
movement impacts in the year.

  NEW RESERVES AND MINING PERMISSIONS 

The life of the mine, acquisition of additional reserves, 
permissions to mine (including ongoing and once-off 
permissions) and new mining opportunities in South Africa 
generally are contingent on a number of factors outside of the 
Group’s control such as approval by the Department of Mineral 
Resources and Energy, the Department of Water Affairs and 
Forestry and other regulatory or state owned entities. 

In addition, the Group’s South African operations are subject 
to the government Mining Charter with the New Mining Charter 
which came into force from March 2020. Failure to meet 
existing targets or further regulatory changes to the Mining 
Charter, could adversely affect the mine’s ability to retain its 
mining rights in South Africa.

The work performed in the acquisition and renewal of mining 
permits as well as the maintenance of compliance with permits 
includes factors such as environmental management, health and 
safety, labour laws and Black Empowerment legislation (such as 
the New Mining Charter); as failure to maintain appropriate 
controls and compliance may in turn result in the withdrawal of 
the necessary permissions to mine. The management of these 
regulatory risks and performance in the year is noted in the 
Mining Review on page 5 as well as in the Sustainable 
Development report on page 7 and in this section under the 
headings environmental risk, health & safety risk and labour risk. 
Additionally, in order to mitigate this risk, the Group strives to 
provide adequate resources to this area including the 
employment of adequate personnel and the utilisation of third 
party consultants competent in regulatory compliance related to 
mining rights and mining permissions. 

20 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report Principal risks & uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RISK

  POWER SUPPLY RISK 

The current utility provider for power supply in South Africa is 
the government run Eskom. Eskom continues to undergo 
capacity problems resulting in power cuts and lack of provision 
of power supply to new projects. Any power cuts or lack of 
provision of power supply to the Group’s mining operations may 
disrupt mining production and impact on earnings.

The Group’s mining operations have to date not been affected 
by power cuts. However the Group manages this risk through 
regular monitoring of Eskom’s performance and ongoing ability 
to meet power requirements. In addition, the Group continues to 
assess the ability to utilise diesel generators as an alternative 
means of securing power in the event of power outages. 

  FLOODING RISK  

The Group’s mining operations are susceptible to seasonal 
flooding which could disrupt mining production and impact on 
earnings.

Management monitors water levels on an ongoing basis and 
various projects have been completed, including the 
construction of additional dams, to minimise the impact of this 
risk as far as possible. 

  ENVIRONMENTAL RISK

The Group’s South African mining operations are required to 
adhere to local environmental regulations. Any failure to adhere 
to local environmental regulations, could adversely affect the 
mine’s ability to mine under its mining right in South Africa.

  HEALTH & SAFETY RISK

Attached to mining there are inherent health and safety risks. 
Any such safety incidents disrupt operations, and can slow or 
even stop production. In addition, the Group’s South African 
mining operations are required to adhere to local Health and 
Safety regulations as well as enhanced health and Safety 
measures related to Covid-19.

In line with all South African mining companies, the management 
of this risk is based on compliance with the Environment 
Management Plan. In order to ensure compliance, the Group 
strives to provide adequate resources to this area including the 
employment of personnel and the utilisation of third party 
consultants competent in regulatory compliance related to 
environmental management. 

To date, Black Wattle is fully compliant with the regulatory 
requirements of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry 
and has an approved water use licence. Further details of the 
Group’s Environment Management Programme are disclosed in 
the Sustainable development report on page 7.

The Group has a comprehensive Health and Safety programme 
in place to mitigate this risk. Management strive to create an 
environment where Health and safety of our employees is of the 
utmost importance. Our Health & Safety programme provides 
clear guidance on the standards our mining operation is expected 
to achieve. In addition, management receive regular updates on 
how our mining operations are performing. Further details of the 
Group’s Health and Safety Programme are disclosed in the 
Sustainable Development report on page 7.

Bisichi PLC

2121

Strategic Report Principal risks & uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RISK

  CLIMATE CHANGE RISK

Climate change is a material issue that can affect our South 
African coal business through:

- changes in carbon pricing, taxes, and coal mining regulation;

- extreme climatic events; 

- access to capital and services and allocation thereof; and

- reduced demand and prices for coal. 

Transition and physical risks related to climate change are 
regularly discussed and acted upon at Board and management 
levels, particularly those related to the viability of the Group’s 
South African coal operations and the future allocation of capital. 
Further details of the Group’s performance and management of 
climate change related risk is set out in the Group’s climate 
change report on page 11.

 LABOUR RISK 

The Group’s mining operations and coal washing plant facility 
are labour intensive and unionised. Any labour disputes, strikes 
or wage negotiations may disrupt production and impact 
earnings.

  CASHFLOW RISK 

Commodity price risk, currency volatility and the uncertainties 
inherent in mining may result in favourable or unfavourable 
cashflows.

In order to mitigate this risk, the Group strives to ensure open 
and transparent dialogue with employees across all levels. In 
addition, appropriate channels of communication are provided to 
all employment unions at Black Wattle to ensure effective and 
early engagement on employment matters, in particular wage 
negotiations and disputes. 

Refer to the ‘Employment’ section on page 9 for further details.

In order to mitigate this, we seek to balance the high risk of our 
mining operations with a dependable cash flow from our UK 
property investment operations which are actively managed by 
London & Associated Properties PLC and our equity investment 
portfolio. Due to the long term nature of the leases, the effect on 
cash flows from property investment activities are expected to 
remain stable as long as tenants remain in operation. Refer to 
Financial and Performance review on page 24 for details of the 
property and investment portfolio performance. 

22 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report Principal risks & uncertainties

PRINCIPAL RISK

PERFORMANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE RISK

  PROPERTY VALUATION RISK 

Fluctuations in property values, which are reflected in the 
Consolidated Income Statement and Balance Sheet, are 
dependent on an annual valuation of the Group’s commercial 
and residential development properties. A fall in UK commercial 
and residential property can have a marked effect on the 
profitability and the net asset value of the Group as well as 
impact on covenants and other loan agreement obligations.

The Group utilises the services of London & Associated 
Properties PLC whose responsibility is to actively manage the 
portfolio to improve rental income and thus enhance the value of 
the portfolio over time. In addition, management regularly monitor 
banking covenants and other loan agreement obligations as well 
as the performance of our property assets in relation to the 
overall market over time. 

The economic performance of the United Kingdom, including 
the potential final impact of the United Kingdom leaving the 
European Union (“Brexit”), counter inflationary regulatory 
measures, as well as the current economic performance and 
trends of the UK retail market, may impact the level of rental 
income, yields and associated property valuations of the 
Group’s UK property assets including its investments in Joint 
Ventures.

Management continues to monitor and evaluate the impact of 
Brexit , counter inflationary regulatory measures and the current 
economic performance of the UK retail market on the future 
performance of the Group’s existing UK portfolio. In addition, the 
Group assesses on an ongoing basis the performance of the UK 
retail market on the Group’s banking covenants, loan obligations 
and future investment decisions.   

Refer to page 28 for details of the property portfolio performance.

Bisichi PLC

2323

Strategic Report
Financial & performance review 
The movement in the Group’s Adjusted EBITDA from £5.0million in 2021 to 
£39.4million in 2022 can mainly be attributed to higher prices achievable for our 
coal from the Group’s South African operations. This offset the higher operating 
costs and lower coal sale volumes in 2022. 

EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA and mining 
production are used as key performance 
indicators for the Group and its mining 
activities as the Group has a strategic focus 
on the long term development of its existing 
mining reserves and the acquisition of 
additional mining reserves in order to realise 
shareholder value. Mining production can 
be defined as the coal quantity in metric 
tonnes extracted from our reserves during 
the period and held by the mine before any 
processing through the washing plant. 
Whilst profit/(loss) before tax is considered 

as one of the key overall performance 
indicators of the Group, the profitability of 
the Group and the Group’s mining activities 
can be impacted by the volatile and capital 
intensive nature of the mining sector. 
Accordingly, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA 
are primarily used as key performance 
indicators as they are indicative of the value 
associated with the Group’s mining assets 
expected to be realised over the long term 
life of the Group’s mining reserves. In 
addition, for the Group’s property 
investment operations, the net property 

valuation and net property revenue are 
utilised as key performance indicators as 
the Group’s substantial property portfolio 
reduces the risk profile for shareholders by 
providing stable cash generative UK assets 
and access to capital appreciation. Certain 
key performance indicators below are not 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice 
measures and are not intended as a 
substitute for those measures, and may or 
may not be the same as those used by 
other companies.

Key performance indicator

The key performance indicators for the Group are: 

For the Group:
Operating profit before depreciation, fair value adjustments and exchange movements (adjusted EBITDA)

EBITDA

Profit before tax

For our property investment operations:
Net property valuation 

Net property revenue 

For our mining activities:
Operating profit before depreciation, fair value adjustments and exchange movements (adjusted EBITDA)
EBITDA

Mining production
Quantity of coal sold

24 Bisichi PLC

2022 
£’000 

39,363

39,980

38,014

10,465

1,108

38,126
37,856

Tonnes
‘000

824
1,287

2021 
£’000 

5,028

5,849

2,501

10,525

1,119

4,266
4,145

Tonnes
‘000

1,046
1,447

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

The key performance indicators of the Group  
can be reconciled as follows:

Revenue
Transport and loading cost

Mining and washing costs
Other operating costs excluding depreciation

Operating profit before depreciation, fair value adjustments and 
exchange movements (adjusted EBITDA)
Exchange movements

Fair value adjustments
Gains on investments held at fair value through profit and loss (FVPL)

Operating profit excluding depreciation
Share of loss in joint venture

EBITDA
Net interest movement
Depreciation

Profit before tax

The key performance indicators of the Group  
can be reconciled as follows:

Revenue 
Transport and loading cost

Mining and washing costs
Other operating costs excluding depreciation

Operating profit before depreciation, fair value adjustments and 
exchange movements (adjusted EBITDA)
Exchange movements

Fair value adjustments
Gains on investments held at fair value through profit and loss (FVPL)

Operating profit excluding depreciation
Share of loss in joint venture

EBITDA
Net interest movement
Depreciation

Profit before tax

Mining
£’000

93,413
(5,201)

(38,008)
(12,078)

38,126

(270)

-
-

37,856
-

37,856
(663)
(1,093)

Mining
£’000

49,226
(5,569)

(32,438)
(6,953)

4,266

(121)

-
-

4,145
-

4,145

Property
£’000

1,108
-

-
(456)

652

-

(60)
-

592
(89)

503
(210)
-

Other
£’000

590
-

-
(5)

585

-

-
1,036

1,621
-

1,621
-
-

Property
£’000

Other
£’000

1,119
-

-
(527)

592

-

255
-

847
(125)

722

175
-

-
(5)

170

-

-
812

982
-

982

2022
£’000

95,111

(5,201)

(38,008)
(12,539)

39,363

(270)

(60)
1,036

40,069
(89)

39,980

(873)
(1,093)

38,014

2021
£’000

50,520

(5,569)

(32,438)
(7,485)

5,028

(121)

255
812

5,974
(125)

5,849

(777)
(2,571)

2,501

Bisichi PLC

2525

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

Adjusted EBITDA is used as a key indicator 
of the operating trading performance of 
the Group and its operating segments 
representing operating profit before the 
impact of depreciation, fair value 
adjustments, gains/(losses) on disposal of 
other investments and foreign exchange 
movements. The Group’s operating 
segments include its South African mining 
operations and UK property. The 
performance of these two operating 
segments are discussed in more detail 
below. 

The Group achieved an EBITDA for the 
year of £40.0million (2021: £5.8million). 
The movement compared to the prior 
year can mainly be attributed to the 
EBITDA from our mining activities of 
£37.9million (2021: £4.1million). In 
addition, the Group’s fair value loss, 
related to our UK property was £0.1million 
(2021: gain £0.3million) and gains related 
to investments held at fair value through 
profit and loss were £1.0million (2021: 
£0.8million). 

The Group reported a profit before tax of 
£38.0million (2021: £2.5million) for the 
year resulting in an increase in taxation 
for the year to £11.9million (2021: £0.8 
million). This resulted in the Group 
achieving an overall profit for the year 
after tax of £26.1million (2021: 
£1.7million), of which £17.6million (2021: 
£1.5million) was attributable to equity 
holders of the company. 

South African mining operations 
Performance
The key performance indicators of the Group’s South African mining 
operations are presented in South African Rand and UK Sterling as follows:

Revenue 

Transport and loading costs
Mining and washing costs

Operating profit before other operating costs and depreciation
Other operating costs (excluding depreciation)

Operating profit before depreciation, fair value adjustments and 
exchange movements (adjusted EBITDA)
Exchange movements

EBITDA

South African Rand
2022
R’000

2021 
R’000

1,886,276

1,004,444

(105,023)
(767,490)

1,013,763

(113,641)
(661,929)

228,874

Mining production in tonnes

Net Revenue per tonne of mining production

Mining and washing costs per tonne of mining production

Operating profit per tonne of mining production before other operating costs and depreciation 

UK Sterling 

2022
£’000

93,413

(5,201)
(38,008)

50,204
(12,078)

38,126

(270)

37,856

2022
‘000

824

2022
R

2,162

(931)

1,231

2021
£’000

49,226

(5,569)
(32,438)

11,219
(6,953)

4,266

(121)

4,145

2021
‘000

1,046

2021
R

852

(633)

219

Net Revenue per tonne of mining production can be defined as the revenue price achieved per metric tonne of mining production 
less transportation and loading costs.

26 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

A breakdown of the quantity of coal sold and revenue of the Group’s South African mining operations are presented in metric 
tonnes and South African Rand as follows:

Quantity of coal sold in tonnes

Domestic
‘000

1,025

Domestic
R’000

Export
‘000

262

Export
R’000

2022
‘000

1,287

2022
R’000

Revenue

795,132

1,091,144

1,886,276

Net Revenue per tonne of coal sold

Mining and washing costs per tonne of 
coal sold

R

774

R

3,770

Operating profit per tonne of coal sold before other 
operating costs and depreciation 

R

1,384

(596)

788

Domestic
‘000

1,127

Domestic
R’000

530,905

R
470

Export
‘000

320

Export
R’000

2021
‘000

1,447

2021
R’000

473,539

1004,444

R
1,129

R
616

(457)

158

The quantity of coal sold can be defined 
as the quantity of coal sold in metric 
tonnes by the Group in any given period. 
Net Revenue per tonne of coal sold can 
be defined as the revenue price achieved 
less transportation and loading costs per 
metric tonne of coal sold. 

Total net revenue per tonne of coal sold 
for the Group’s mining and processing 
operations increased for the year from 
R616 per tonne of coal sold in 2021 to 
R1,384 in 2022, attributable to the 
average price increases achieved in both 
the export and domestic market. A 
decrease in mining production from Black 
Wattle and an increase in coal inventories 
at the end of the year offset an increase 
in buy-in coal processed during the year 
resulting in the quantity of coal sold for 
the year decreasing to 1.287million 
tonnes (2021: 1.447million tonnes). 
Overall, revenue from the Group’s South 
African mining operations increased 
during the year to R1.886billion compared 
to revenue of R1.005billion in 2021 with 
the increase in revenue per tonne of coal 
sold offsetting the lower coal sales 
volumes, particularly in the export market.

Mining and washing costs per tonne of 
coal sold during the year increased from 
R457 per tonne in 2021 to R596 per 
tonne in 2022 mainly due to increases in 
buy-in coal costs and mining costs per 
tonne from Black Wattle. This resulted in 
an increase in total mining and washing 
costs for the Group to R767.4million 
(2021: R661.9million). 

Other operating costs (excluding 
depreciation) of £12.08million (2021: 
£6.95million) include general 
administrative costs and administrative 
salaries and wages related to our South 
African mining operations that are 
incurred both in South Africa and in the 
UK. These costs are not significantly 
impacted by movements in mining 
production and coal processing. The 
increase during the year can mainly be 
attributed to higher salaries and wages 
costs attributable to the improved 
financial performance of the Group in the 
same period. Overall costs in South Africa 
were in line with management’s 
expectations and local inflation. 

In summary, the movement in the Group’s 
Adjusted EBITDA from £5.0million in 
2021 to £39.4million in 2022 can mainly 
be attributed to higher prices achievable 
from the Group’s South African coal 
processing operations. This offset the 
higher mining, washing and operating 
costs and lower coal sales volumes 
incurred in 2022. A further explanation of 
the mines operational performance can 
be found in the Mining Review on page 5. 

Non-controlling interest Black Wattle
As previously reported, the Group’s 
subsidiary Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd 
signed an agreement to acquire additional 
coal reserves during the year. The new 
reserves of 6.1million metric tonnes, 
extends the life of mine of Black Wattle to 
seven years and remains subject to 
regulatory approval. The acquisition was 
negotiated in conjunction with a re-
negotiation of 2.1million metric tonnes of 
separate coal reserves previously acquired 
from the same seller, as previously 
announced in our 2018 annual report. 

Bisichi PLC

2727

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd our black 
economic empowered shareholders at 
Black Wattle, were integral in the success 
in acquiring both of these reserves. As a 
result, it was agreed that Vunani Mining 
will share equally in any distributable 
economic benefit from the coal reserves 
as part of their non-controlling interest in 
Black Wattle. This has been achieved 
through a new shares issue in Black 
Wattle that was completed on 12 April 
2022. The total issued share capital in 
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was 
increased further from 1000 shares to 
1002 shares at par of R1 through the 
following share issue:

••   a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by 
Bisichi Mining (Exploration Limited), a 
100% subsidiary of the Group;

••   a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by 

Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

The “B” shares rank pari passu with the 
ordinary shares save that they have sole 
rights to the distributable profits 
attributable to the above mining reserves 
held by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd. A 
non-controlling interest is therefore 
recognised for all profits distributable to 
the “B” shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) 
Ltd from the date of issue of the shares 
(12 April 2022). 

Details of Vunani’s non-controlling 
interest held at year end can be found in 
the Non-controlling interest note on page 
102. 

UK property investment

Performance
The Group’s portfolio is managed actively 
by London & Associated Properties plc. 
Rental performance was marginally below 
levels achieved in 2022. Net property 
revenue (excluding joint ventures and 

service charge income) across the 
portfolio decreased during the year to 
£1.108million (2021: £1.119million). The 
property portfolio was externally valued at 
31 December 2022 and the value of UK 
investment properties attributable to the 
Group at year end decreased marginally 
to £10.465million (2021: £10.525million). 

Joint venture property investments
The Group holds a £0.6million (2021: 
£0.6million) joint venture investment in 
Dragon Retail Properties Limited, a UK 
property investment company. The open 
market value of the company’s share of 
investment properties included within its 
joint venture investment in Dragon Retail 
Properties decreased marginally during 
the year to £1.019million (2021: 
£1.040million). 

The Group continues to hold a £0.4million 
(2021: £0.5million) 50% joint venture 
investment in West Ealing Projects 
Limited, a UK unlisted property 
development company. West Ealing 
Projects Limited’s only asset is a property 
development in West Ealing, London. The 
carrying value of the Group’s share of the 
trading property inventory included within 
this development is valued at £4.1million 
(2021: £3.7million). The joint venture has 
obtained planning consent for a 
residential development of 56 flats. During 
2022 the joint venture explored the 
possibility of a consented land sale but 
did not receive sufficiently attractive 
offers during a period of extreme building 
costs inflation to persuade the venture to 
sell. A final decision on whether to sell the 
land or build out the flats has yet to be 
taken and we look forward to updating 
shareholders further in due course.

The Group continues to hold a one third 
joint venture investment in Development 
Physics Limited, a UK unlisted property 

development company. The remaining two 
thirds is held equally by London & 
Associated Properties PLC and Metroprop 
Real Estate Ltd. The company was set up 
with the purpose of delivering a residential 
development of 44 flats and 4 town 
houses in Purley, London. Development 
Physics acquired a series of options on 
the site and registered for planning 
permission for its development. The 
planning application submitted in 2022 
was rejected in January 2023 despite 
being recommended for approval by the 
planning officer. The joint venture has 
appealed this decision and we will update 
shareholders on progress in due course. 
At year end, the negative carrying value of 
the investment held by the Group was 
£14,000 (2021: £3,000). 

Overall, the Group achieved net property 
revenue of £1.2million (2021: £1.2million) 
for the year which includes the company’s 
share of net property revenue from its 
investment in joint ventures of £108,000 
(2021: £88,000). 

Other Investments
During the year the Group’s non-current 
investments held at fair value through 
profit and loss increased from £3.6million 
in 2021 to £12.6million due to net 
additions during the year of £8.2million 
(2021: £1.2million) and gains from 
investments of £0.7million (2021: 
£0.7million). The investments comprise of 
£6.8million (2021: £1.56million) of 
investments listed on stock exchanges in 
the United Kingdom and £5.8million 
(2021: £2.07million) of investments listed 
on overseas stock exchanges. The 
Group’s listed investments are primarily in 
entities involved in extractive and energy 
related (including renewable energy) 
business activities.  

28 Bisichi PLC

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

The following table summarises the main components of the consolidated cashflow for the year:

Cash flow generated from operations before working capital and other items

Cash flow from operating activities

Cash flow from investing activities

Cash flow from financing activities

Net (decrease) / increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

Exchange adjustment

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December comprise:

  Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the balance sheet

  Bank overdrafts (secured)

Year ended
31 December
2022
£’000

Year ended
31 December
2021
£’000

39,768

30,698

(16,584)

(7,206)

6,908

482

(25)

7,365

10,590

(3,225)

7,365

5,028

4,432

(2,706)

(271)

1,455

(1,078)

105

482

3,018

(2,536)

482

Cash flow generated from operating 
activities increased compared to the prior 
year to £30.7million (2021: £4.4million). 
This can mainly be attributed to the 
increase in operating profit during the 
year of £39.0million (2021: £3.4million) 
net of taxes paid of £7.9million (2021: 
refund of £0.2million) and an increase in 
inventories of £4.0million (2021: decrease 
£2.1million). The operating profit can 
mainly be attributed to the improved coal 
revenue per tonne achieved during the 
year.

Investing cashflows primarily reflect the 
net acquisitions of listed equity 
investments of £8.1million (2021: 
£0.9million) and capital expenditure 
during the year of £8.5million (2021: 
£1.8million) which can mainly be 
attributable to mine development costs at 
Black Wattle. As at year end the Group’s 
mining reserves, plant and equipment had 
a carrying value of £16.4million (2021: 
£9.0 million) with capital expenditure 

being offset by depreciation of £1.1million 
(2021: £2.5milion) and exchange 
translation movements of £0.6million 
(2021: £0.4million) for the year.

Cash outflows from financing activities 
includes a net increase in borrowings of 
£0.5million (2021: decrease £0.3million). 
In addition, dividends were paid during 
the year to equity shareholders of 
£0.6million (2021: £Nil) and to minority 
shareholders of £7.0million (2021: £Nil). 

Overall, the Group’s cash and cash 
equivalents increased during the year by 
£6.9million (2021: £1.5million). The 
Group’s net balance of cash and cash 
equivalents (including bank overdrafts) at 
year end was £7.4million (2021: 
£0.5million).

The Group has considerable financial 
resources available at short notice 
including cash and cash equivalents 
(excluding bank overdrafts) of 
£10.6million (2021: £3.0 million) and 
listed investments of £13.5million (2021: 

£4.3million) as at year end. The above 
financial resources totalling £24.1million 
(2021: £7.3million).

The net assets of the Group reported as 
at year end were £35.6million (2021: 
£17.8million) and total assets at 
£63.8million (2021: £38.1million).

Liabilities increased from £20.3million to 
£28.2million during the year primarily due 
to an increase in trade and other 
payables from £10.7million to £13.3million 
as well as an increase in tax payable from 
£0.7million to £4.3million. 

Further details on the Group’s cashflow 
and financial position are stated in the 
Consolidated Cashflow Statement on 
page 73 and the Consolidated Balance 
Sheet on page 70 and 71. 

Bisichi PLC

2929

Strategic Report Financial & performance review 

Loans

South Africa
The Group has a structured trade finance 
facility with Absa Bank Limited for 
R85million held by Sisonke Coal 
Processing (Pty) Limited, a 100% 
subsidiary of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) 
Limited. This facility comprises of an 
R85million revolving facility to cover the 
working capital requirements of the 
Group’s South African operations. The 
facility is renewable annually and is 
secured against inventory, debtors and 
cash that are held in the Group’s South 
African operations. 

United Kingdom
The Group holds a 5 year term facility of 
£3.9m with Julian Hodge Bank Limited at 
an initial LTV of 40%. The loan is secured 
against the company’s UK retail property 
portfolio. The amount repayable on the 
loan at year end was £3.8million. The 
debt package has a five year term and is 
repayable at the end of the term in 
December 2024. The overall interest cost 
of the loan is 4.00% above the Bank of 
England base rate. The loan is secured by 
way of a first charge over the investment 
properties in the UK which are included in 
the financial statements at a value of 
£10.5million. No banking covenants were 
breached by the Group during the year. 

30 Bisichi PLC
30

Statement regarding Section 
172 of the UK Companies Act 
Section 172 of the UK Companies Act 
requires the Board to report on how the 
directors have had regard to the matters 
outlined below in performing their duties. 
The Board consider the Group’s 
customers, employees, local 
communities, suppliers and shareholders 
as key stakeholders of the Group. During 
the year, the Directors consider that they 
have acted in a way, and have made 
decision that would, most likely promote 
the success of the Group for the benefit 
of its members as a whole as outlined in 
the matters below: 

••   The likely consequences of any 

decision in the long term: see Principal 
activity, strategy & business model on 
page 4 and Principal Risks and 
Uncertainties on page 19;

••   The interests of the Group’s employees; 
ethics and compliance; fostering of the 
Company’s business relationships with 
suppliers, customers and others; and 
the impact of the Group’s operations on 
the community and environment: see 
Sustainability report on page 7;
••   The need to act fairly between 

members of the Company: see the 
Corporate Governance section on page 
34.

Future prospects
In the first quarter of the 2023, we have 
seen the API4 price average $145 and 
uncertainties remain, particularly in 
regard to the sustainability of the higher 
international coal price and the impact of 
continued constraints in transporting coal 
for export on the South African rail 
network. In light of this, management will 
be focussing on improving production 
levels, maintaining a diversified sales 
market and keeping operating costs low.

The Group continues to seek and 
evaluate opportunities to transition into 
alternative mining related opportunities 
through new commercial arrangements.

In the UK, management is looking forward 
to progressing its property development 
opportunities in West Ealing and 
Development Physics as well as seeking 
other opportunities to expand upon on its 
property and equity investment portfolios. 
This is in line with the Group’s overall 
strategy of balancing the high risk of our 
mining operations with a dependable 
cash flow and capital appreciation from 
our UK property investment operations 
and equity investments. 

To date, the Group’s financial position has 
remained strong and at present, the 
Group has adequate financial resources 
to ensure the Group remains viable for 
the foreseeable future and that liabilities 
are met. A full going concern and viability 
assessment can be found in the Directors 
report on page 38.  

Further information on the outlook of the 
company can be found in both the 
Chairman’s Statement on page 2 and the 
Mining Review on page 5 which form part 
of the Strategic Report.

Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors

Garrett Casey 
Finance Director

26 April 2023

Governance

MANAGEMENT TEAM

OTHER DIRECTORS AND ADVISORS

*  ANDREW R HELLER MA, ACA  
(Chairman & Managing Director)

  GARRETT CASEY CA (SA) 

(Finance Director)

  ROBERT GROBLER Pr Cert Eng 

(Director of mining)

O+  CHRISTOPHER A JOLL MA  

(Non-executive)
 Christopher Joll was appointed a 
Director on 1 February 2001. He has 
held a number of non-executive 
directorships of quoted and un-quoted 
companies and currently runs his own 
event management business. He is also 
a published author, lecturer and a writer 
and director of documentary films.

O * JOHN A SIBBALD BL (Non-executive)

 Sibbald has been a Director since 1988. 
After qualifying as a Chartered 
Accountant he spent over 20 years in 
stockbroking, specialising in mining and 
international investment.

 JOHN WONG ACA, CFA  
(Non-executive) 
 John Wong was appointed a Director 
on 15 October 2020. After training as 
a Chartered accountant he has 
worked in the fund management 
industry for almost 20 years and has 
extensive experience in investment 
management, in particular within the 
mining sector.

 JOHN A HELLER  
(Appointed 29 March 2023)
(Non-executive)
 John Heller was appointed a Director 
on 29 March 2023. John Heller is the 
Chairman and Chief Executive of 
London & Associated Properties PLC 
which holds a 41.6% stake in Bisichi. 
John Heller has extensive knowledge 
and experience in property investment 
and management.

SECRETARY AND 
REGISTERED OFFICE
Garrett Casey CA (SA) 
12 Little Portland Street 
London W1W8BJ 

BLACK WATTLE COLLIERY 
AND SISONKE COAL 
PROCESSING DIRECTORS
Andrew Heller  
(Managing Director) 
Ethan Dube 
Robert Grobler 
Garrett Casey  
Millicent Zvarayi 

COMPANY REGISTRATION
Company registration No. 
112155 (Incorporated in 
England and Wales)

WEBSITE
www.bisichi.co.uk

E-MAIL
admin@bisichi.co.uk

AUDITOR
Kreston Reeves LLP, London

PRINCIPAL BANKERS 
United Kingdom 
Julian Hodge Bank Limited
Santander UK PLC 
Investec PLC 

South Africa 
ABSA Bank (SA) 
First National Bank (SA) 

CORPORATE SOLICITORS
United Kingdom 
Ashfords LLP, London
Fladgate LLP, London 
Olswang LLP, London
Wake Smith Solicitors 
Limited, Sheffield

South Africa 
Beech Veltman Inc, 
Johannesburg
Brandmullers Attorneys, 
Middelburg
Cliffe Decker Hofmeyer, 
Johannesburg 
Herbert Smith Freehills, 
Johannesburg
Natalie Napier Inc, 
Johannesburg
Tugendhaft Wapnick 
Banchetti and Partners, 
Johannesburg

STOCKBROKERS
Shore Capital Stockbrokers 
Limited

REGISTRARS AND 
TRANSFER OFFICE
Link Group 
10th Floor, Central Square 
29 Wellington Street 
Leeds 
LS1 4DL

*  Member of the nomination committee

+  Senior independent director

O   Member of the audit, nomination 
and remuneration committees.

UK telephone:  
0371 664 0300

International telephone:  
+44 (0) 371 664 0300

Calls are charged at the 
standard geographic rate 
and will vary by provider. 
Calls outside the United 
Kingdom will be charged at 
the applicable international 
rate. The helpline is open 
between 8.00 a.m. – 5.30 
p.m., Monday to Friday 
excluding public holidays in 
England and Wales.  

Website:  
https://www.linkgroup.eu

Email: 
shareholderenquiries@
linkgroup.co.uk

Company registration number: 
341829 (England and Wales)

Bisichi PLC

3131

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Governance
Five year summary

Consolidated income statement items
Revenue
Operating profit /(loss)

Profit/(Loss) before tax 

Trading profit /(loss) before tax
Revaluation and impairment profit /(loss) before tax 

EBITDA

Operating profit before depreciation, fair value 
adjustments and exchange movements (adjusted 
EBITDA)

Consolidated balance sheet items
Investment properties

Other non-current investments

Current Investments held at fair value

Other assets less liabilities less non-controlling 
interests

Total equity attributable to equity shareholders

Net assets per ordinary share (attributable)

Dividend per share

Financial calendar

2022
£’000

95,111
38,976

38,014

37,127
887

39,980

39,363

10,465

13,631

24,096

886

24,982

8,820

33,802

316.6p

22.00p

2021
£’000

50,520
3,403

2,501

1,559
942

5,849

5,028

10,525

4,761

15,286

685

15,971

1,541

17,512

164.0p

6.00p

2020
£’000

29,805
(4,493)

(5,196)

(3,881)
(1,315)

(2,387)

(1,111)

10,270

3,001

13,271

833

14,104

1,969

16,073

150,5p

0p

2019
£’000

48,106
3,658

3,027

4,493
(1,466)

5,868

7,457

11,565

1,629

13,194

1,119

14,313

5,619

19,932

186.7p

1.00p

2018
£’000

49,945
6,526

5,959

6,397
(438)

8,587

9,088

13,045

1,357

14,402

887

15,289

4,280

19,569

183.3p

6.00p

06 June 2023

Late August 2023
Late April 2024

Annual General Meeting

Announcement of half-year results to 30 June 2023
Announcement of results for year ending 31 December 2023

32 Bisichi PLC

Governance
Directors’ report
The directors submit their report together with the audited 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2022.

Review of business, future 
developments and post 
balance sheet events
The Group continues its mining activities. 
Income for the year was derived from 
sales of coal from its South African 
operations. The Group also has a 
property investment portfolio for which it 
receives rental income and joint venture 
investments in two UK residential 
property developments.

The results for the year and state of 
affairs of the Group and the company at 
31 December 2022 are shown on pages 
68 to 113 and in the Strategic Report on 
pages 2 to 30. Future developments and 
prospects are also covered in the 
Strategic Report and further details of 
any post balance sheet events can be 
found in note 32 to the financial 
statements. Over 98 per cent of staff are 
employed in the South African coal 
mining industry – employment matters 
and health and safety are dealt with in the 
Strategic Report.

The management report referred to in the 
Director’s responsibilities statement 
encompasses this Directors’ Report and 
Strategic Report on pages 2 to 30. 

Corporate responsibility

Environment 
The environmental considerations of the 
Group’s South African coal mining 
operations are covered in the Strategic 
Report on pages 2 to 30.

The Group’s UK activities are principally 
property investment whereby premises 

are provided for rent to retail businesses 
and a joint venture investment in a UK 
residential property development in West 
Ealing.

The Group seeks to provide those 
tenants with good quality premises from 
which they can operate in an efficient and 
environmentally friendly manner. 
Wherever possible, improvements, repairs 
and replacements are made in an 
environmentally efficient manner and 
waste re-cycling arrangements are in 
place at all the company’s locations.

Climate Change Reporting and 
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The Group’s climate change report and 
details on its greenhouse gas emissions 
for the year ended 31 December 2022 
can be found on page 11 of the Strategic 
Report.

Employment
The Group’s policy is to attract staff and 
motivate employees by offering 
competitive terms of employment. The 
Group provides equal opportunities to all 
employees and prospective employees 
including those who are disabled. The 
Strategic Report gives details of the 
Group’s activities and policies concerning 
the employment, training, health and 
safety and community support and social 
development concerning the Group’s 
employees in South Africa.

Dividend policy 
As outlined in the Strategic report on 
page 3 the directors are proposing the 
payment of a final dividend of 4p (2021: 
4p) and a special dividend of 8p (2021: 

2p) per share for 2022. An interim 
dividend for 2022 of 10p (Interim 2021: 
0p) has been paid on 3 February 2023.

The total dividend per ordinary share for 
2022 will therefore be 22p (2021: 6p) per 
ordinary share.

Investment properties and 
other properties
The investment property portfolio is 
stated at its open market value of 
£10,465,000 at 31 December 2022 
(2021: £10,525,000) as valued by 
professional external valuers. The open 
market value of the company’s share of 
investment properties and development 
property inventory held at cost included 
within its investments in joint ventures is 
£4,812,000 (2021: £4,787,000). 

Financial instruments
Note 22 to the financial statements sets 
out the risks in respect of financial 
instruments. The Board reviews and 
agrees overall treasury policies, 
delegating appropriate authority to the 
managing director. Treasury operations 
are reported at each Board meeting and 
are subject to weekly internal reporting. 

Directors
The directors of the company for the year 
were Sir Michael Heller (ceased to be a 
director on 30 January 2023) , A R Heller, 
G J Casey, C A Joll, R J Grobler (a South 
African citizen), J A Sibbald and J Wong.

Bisichi PLC

3333

Governance Directors’ report

Mr J Heller was appointed as a non-
executive director by the Board on 29 
March 2023 and offers himself for 
re-election. Mr J Heller is the Chairman 
and Managing Director of London & 
Associated Properties PLC which holds a 
41.6% stake in Bisichi with extensive & 
valuable experience in property 
investment and management. The board 
recommends the re-election of Mr J 
Heller.

The director retiring by rotation is Mr GJ 
Casey who offers himself for re-election. 

Mr GJ Casey has been an executive 
director of the company since 2010. He is 
chartered accountant and has a contract 
of employment determinable at three 
months’ notice. The board recommends 
the re-election of Mr GJ Casey.

No director had any material interest in 
any contract or arrangement with the 
company during the year other than as 
shown in this report.

Directors’ shareholdings
The interests of the directors in the 
shares of the company, including family 
and trustee holdings where appropriate, 
are shown on page 42 of the Annual 
Remuneration Report. 

Substantial interests
The following have advised that they have 
an interest in 3 per cent. or more of the 
issued share capital of the company as at 
31 December 2022: 

London & Associated Properties PLC – 
4,432,618 shares representing 41.52 per 
cent. of the issued capital. (Sir Michael 
Heller (Estate) is a shareholder of London 
& Associated Properties PLC).

34 Bisichi PLC

Sir Michael Heller 
(Estate) –

330,117 shares 
representing 3.09 per 
cent. of the issued 
capital.

A R Heller –

785,012 shares 
representing 7.35 per 
cent. of the issued 
capital.
1,916,154 shares 
representing 17.95 
per cent. of the issued 
share capital.

Stonehage 
Fleming 
Investment 
Management Ltd – 

Disclosure of information to 
auditor 
The directors in office at the date of 
approval of the financial statements have 
confirmed that as far as they are aware 
that there is no relevant audit information 
of which the auditor is unaware. Each of 
the directors has confirmed that they 
have taken all reasonable steps they 
ought to have taken as directors to make 
themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that it has 
been communicated to the auditor.

Indemnities and insurance
The Articles of Association and 
Constitution of the company provide for 
them to indemnify, to the extent permitted 
by law, directors and officers (excluding 
the Auditor) of the companies, including 
officers of subsidiaries, and associated 
companies against liabilities arising from 
the conduct of the Group’s business. The 
indemnities are qualifying third-party 
indemnity provisions for the purposes of 
the UK Companies Act 2006 and each of 
these qualifying third-party indemnities 
was in force during the course of the 
financial year ended 31 December 2022 
and as at the date of this Directors’ 
report. No amount has been paid under 
any of these indemnities during the year. 

The Group has purchased directors’ and 
officers’ insurance during the year. In 
broad terms, the insurance cover 
indemnifies individual directors and 
officers against certain personal legal 
liability and legal defence costs for claims 
arising out of actions taken in connection 
with Group business. 

Corporate Governance
The Board acknowledges the importance 
of good corporate governance. The 
paragraphs below set out how the 
company has applied this guidance 
during the year. 

Principles of corporate 
governance
The Group’s Board appreciates the value 
of good corporate governance not only in 
the areas of accountability and risk 
management, but also as a positive 
contribution to business prosperity. The 
Board endeavours to apply corporate 
governance principles in a sensible and 
pragmatic fashion having regard to the 
circumstances of the Group’s business. 
The key objective is to enhance and 
protect shareholder value.

Board structure
The Board currently comprises the joint 
executive chairman and managing 
director, two other executive directors 
and four non-executive directors. Their 
details appear on page 31. The Board is 
responsible to shareholders for the 
proper management of the Group. The 
Directors’ responsibilities statement in 
respect of the accounts is set out on 
page 57. The non-executive directors 
have a particular responsibility to ensure 
that the strategies proposed by the 
executive directors are fully considered. 

Governance Directors’ report

To enable the Board to discharge its 
duties, all directors have full and timely 
access to all relevant information and 
there is a procedure for all directors, in 
furtherance of their duties, to take 
independent professional advice, if 
necessary, at the expense of the Group. 
The Board has a formal schedule of 
matters reserved to it and meets bi-
monthly. 

The Board is responsible for overall 
Group strategy, approval of major capital 
expenditure projects and consideration of 
significant financing matters.

The following Board committees, which 
have written terms of reference, deal with 
specific aspects of the Group’s affairs:

••   The nomination committee comprises 
of two non-executive directors C A Joll 
(Chairman) and JA Sibbald as well as 
the executive chairman. The committee 
is responsible for proposing candidates 
for appointment to the Board, having 
regard to the balance and structure of 
the Board. In appropriate cases 
recruitment consultants are used to 
assist the process. Each director is 
subject to re-election at least every 
three years.

••   The remuneration committee is 

responsible for making 
recommendations to the Board on the 
company’s framework of executive 
remuneration and its cost. The 
committee determines the contractual 
terms, remuneration and other benefits 
for each of the executive directors, 
including performance related bonus 
schemes, pension rights and 
compensation payments. The Board 
itself determines the remuneration of 
the non-executive directors. The 
committee comprises of two non-
executive directors C A Joll (Chairman) 
and JA Sibbald. The company’s 
executive chairman is normally invited 

to attend meetings. The report on 
directors’ remuneration is set out on 
pages 39 to 53.

••   The audit committee comprises of two 

non-executive directors C A Joll 
(Chairman) and JA Sibbald. Its prime 
tasks are to review the scope of 
external audit, to receive regular 
reports from the company’s auditor and 
to review the half-yearly and annual 
accounts before they are presented to 
the Board, focusing in particular on 
accounting policies and areas of 
management judgment and estimation. 
The committee is responsible for 
monitoring the controls which are in 
force to ensure the integrity of the 
information reported to the 
shareholders. The committee acts as a 
forum for discussion of internal control 
issues and contributes to the Board’s 
review of the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control and risk 
management systems and processes. 
The committee also considers annually 
the need for an internal audit function. 
It advises the Board on the 
appointment of external auditors and 
on their remuneration for both audit 
and non-audit work, and discusses the 
nature and scope of the audit with the 
external auditors. The committee, 
which meets formally at least twice a 
year, provides a forum for reporting by 
the Group’s external auditors.

Meetings are also attended, by invitation, 
by the company executive chairman/
managing director and finance director.

The audit committee also undertakes a 
formal assessment of the auditors’ 
independence each year which includes:

••   a review of non-audit services provided 

to the Group and related fees;

••   discussion with the auditors of a written 
report detailing consideration of any 

matters that could affect independence 
or the perception of independence;

••   a review of the auditors’ own 
procedures for ensuring the 
independence of the audit firm and 
partners and staff involved in the audit, 
including the regular rotation of the 
audit partner; and

••   obtaining written confirmation from the 

auditors that, in their professional 
judgement, they are independent.

The audit committee report is set out on 
page 54. 

An analysis of the fees payable to the 
external audit firm in respect of both audit 
and non-audit services during the year is 
set out in Note 5 to the financial 
statements.

Performance evaluation – 
board, board committees and 
directors
The performance of the board as a whole 
and of its committees and the non-
executive directors is assessed by the 
chairman/managing director and is 
discussed with the senior independent 
director. Their recommendations are 
discussed at the nomination committee 
prior to proposals for re-election being 
recommended to the Board. The 
performance of executive directors is 
discussed and assessed by the 
remuneration committee. The senior 
independent director meets regularly with 
the chairman and both the executive and 
non-executive directors individually 
outside of formal meetings. The directors 
will take outside advice in reviewing 
performance but have not found this 
necessary to date.

Bisichi PLC

3535

Governance Directors’ report

Independent directors
The senior independent non-executive 
director is Christopher Joll. The other two 
independent non-executive directors are 
John Sibbald and John Wong. 

Christopher Joll has been a non-
executive director for over twenty years, 
John Sibbald has been a non-executive 
director for over thirty years and John 
Wong was appointed to the Board on 15 
October 2020. The Board encourages 
the non-executive directors to act 
independently. The board considers that 
their length of service does not, and has 
not, resulted in their inability or failure to 
act independently. In the opinion of the 
Board, Christopher Joll and John Sibbald 
continue to fulfil their role as independent 
non-executive directors.

The independent directors regularly meet 
prior to Board meetings to discuss 
corporate governance issues.

Board and board committee meetings
The number of meetings during 2022 and attendance at regular Board meetings and 
Board committees was as follows:

Meetings  

held

Meetings 
Attended

Sir Michael Heller

A R Heller

G J Casey

R J Grobler

C A Joll

J A Sibbald

J Wong

Board
Nomination committee
Audit committee

Board
Audit committee

Board
Audit committee

Board

Board 
Audit committee
Nomination committee
Remuneration committee

Board
Audit committee
Nomination committee
Remuneration committee
Board

5
1
2

5
2

5
2

5

5
2
1
2

5
2
1
2
5

4
1
2

5
2

5
2

1

5
2
1
2

2
0
1
1
5

Internal control
The directors are responsible for the 
Group’s system of internal control and 
review of its effectiveness annually. The 
Board has designed the Group’s system 
of internal control in order to provide the 
directors with reasonable assurance that 
its assets are safeguarded, that 
transactions are authorised and properly 
recorded and that material errors and 
irregularities are either prevented or 
would be detected within a timely period. 
However, no system of internal control 
can eliminate the risk of failure to achieve 
business objectives or provide absolute 
assurance against material misstatement 
or loss.

The key elements of the control system in 
operation are:

••   the Board meets regularly with a formal 
schedule of matters reserved to it for 
decision and has put in place an 
organisational structure with clearly 
defined lines of responsibility and with 
appropriate delegation of authority;
••   there are established procedures for 
planning, approval and monitoring of 
capital expenditure and information 
systems for monitoring the Group’s 
financial performance against approved 
budgets and forecasts;

••   UK property and financial operations 
are closely monitored by members of 
the Board and senior managers to 
enable them to assess risk and address 
the adequacy of measures in place for 
its monitoring and control. The South 
African operations are closely 
supervised by the UK based executives 

36 Bisichi PLC

through daily, weekly and monthly 
reports from the directors and senior 
officers in South Africa. This is 
supplemented by regular visits by the 
UK based finance director to the South 
African operations which include 
checking the integrity of information 
supplied to the UK. The directors are 
guided by the internal control guidance 
for directors issued by the Institute of 
Chartered Accountants in England and 
Wales.

During the period, the audit committee 
has reviewed the effectiveness of internal 
control as described above. The Board 
receives periodic reports from its 
committees.

Governance Directors’ report

There were no significant issues identified 
during the year ended 31 December 2022 
(and up to the date of approval of the 
report) concerning material internal 
control issues. The directors confirm that 
the Board has reviewed the effectiveness 
of the system of internal control as 
described during the period.

Communication with 
shareholders
Communication with shareholders is a 
matter of priority. Extensive information 
about the Group and its activities is given 
in the Annual Report, which is made 
available to shareholders. Further 
information is available on the company’s 
website, www.bisichi.co.uk. There is a 
regular dialogue with institutional 
investors. Enquiries from individuals on 
matters relating to their shareholdings 
and the business of the Group are dealt 
with informatively and promptly.

Takeover directive
The company has one class of share 
capital, ordinary shares. Each ordinary 
share carries one vote. All the ordinary 
shares rank pari passu. There are no 
securities issued in the company which 
carry special rights with regard to control 
of the company. The identity of all 
substantial direct or indirect holders of 
securities in the company and the size 
and nature of their holdings is shown 
under the “Substantial interests” section 
of this report above.

A relationship agreement dated 15 
September 2005 (the “Relationship 
Agreement”) was entered into between 
the company and London & Associated 
Properties PLC (“LAP”) in regard to the 
arrangements between them whilst LAP is 
a controlling shareholder of the company. 
The Relationship Agreement includes a 
provision under which LAP has agreed to 
exercise the voting rights attached to the 
ordinary shares in the company owned by 
LAP to ensure the independence of the 
Board of directors of the company.

Other than the restrictions contained in 
the Relationship Agreement, there are no 
restrictions on voting rights or on the 
transfer of ordinary shares in the 
company. The rules governing the 
appointment and replacement of 
directors, alteration of the articles of 
association of the company and the 
powers of the company’s directors accord 
with usual English company law 
provisions. Each director is re-elected at 
least every three years. The company is 
not party to any significant agreements 
that take effect, alter or terminate upon a 
change of control of the company 
following a takeover bid. The company is 
not aware of any agreements between 
holders of its ordinary shares that may 
result in restrictions on the transfer of its 
ordinary shares or on voting rights.

There are no agreements between the 
company and its directors or employees 
providing for compensation for loss of 
office or employment that occurs 
because of a takeover bid.

The Bribery Act 2010
The Bribery Act 2010 came into force on 
1 July 2011, and the Board took the 
opportunity to implement a new Anti-
Bribery Policy. The company is committed 
to acting ethically, fairly and with integrity 
in all its endeavours and compliance of 
the code is closely monitored.

Annual General Meeting
The annual general meeting of the company 
The annual general meeting of the company 
(“Annual General Meeting”) will be held at 
Meeting Room 2, 12 Charles II Street, St 
James, London SW1Y 4QU on Tuesday, 6 
June 2023 at 11.00 a.m. Resolutions 1 to 10 
will be proposed as ordinary resolutions. 
More than 50 per cent. of shareholders’ 
votes cast must be in favour for those 
resolutions to be passed. 

The directors consider that all of the 
resolutions to be put to the meeting are in 
the best interests of the company and its 
shareholders as a whole. The Board 
recommends that shareholders vote in 

favour of all resolutions.

Please note that the following paragraph is 
a summary of resolution 10 to be proposed 
at the Annual General Meeting and not the 
full text of the resolution. You should 
therefore read this section in conjunction 
with the full text of the resolutions contained 
in the notice of Annual General Meeting.

Directors’ authority to allot 
shares (Resolution 10)
In certain circumstances it is important 
for the company to be able to allot shares 
up to a maximum amount without 
needing to seek shareholder approval 
every time an allotment is required. 
Paragraph 10.1.1 of resolution 10 would 
give the directors the authority to allot 
shares in the company and grant rights to 
subscribe for, or convert any security 
into, shares in the company up to an 
aggregate nominal value of £355,894. 
This represents approximately 1/3 (one 
third) of the ordinary share capital of the 
company in issue (excluding treasury 
shares) at 26 April 2023 (being the last 
practicable date prior to the publication of 
this Directors’ Report). Paragraph 10.1.2 
of resolution 10 would give the directors 
the authority to allot shares in the 
company and grant rights to subscribe 
for, or convert any security into, shares in 
the company up to a further aggregate 
nominal value of £355,894, in connection 
with a pre-emptive rights issue. This 
amount represents approximately 1/3 
(one third) of the ordinary share capital of 
the company in issue (excluding treasury 
shares) at 26 April 2023 (being the last 
practicable date prior to the publication of 
this Directors’ Report).

Therefore, the maximum nominal value of 
shares or rights to subscribe for, or 
convert any security into, shares which 
may be allotted or granted under 
resolution 10 is £711,788. Resolution 10 
complies with guidance issued by the 
Investment Association (IA).

Bisichi PLC

3737

Governance Directors’ report

The authority granted by resolution 10 will 
expire on 31 August 2024 or, if earlier, 
the conclusion of the next annual general 
meeting of the company. The directors 
have no present intention to make use of 
this authority. However, if they do exercise 
the authority, the directors intend to 
follow emerging best practice as regards 
its use as recommended by the IA.

Donations
No political donations were made during 
the year (2021: £nil).

Going concern
The Group’s business activities, together 
with the factors likely to affect its future 
development are set out in the 
Chairman’s Statement on the preceding 
page 2, the Mining Review on pages 5 to 
6 and its financial position is set out on 
page 24 of the Strategic Report. In 
addition Note 22 to the financial 
statements includes the Group’s treasury 
policy, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, 
foreign exchange risks and credit risk. 

In South Africa, a structured trade finance 
facility with Absa Bank Limited for 
R85million is held by Sisonke Coal 
Processing (Pty) Limited, a 100% 
subsidiary of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) 
Limited. This facility comprises of a 
R85million revolving facility to cover the 
working capital requirements of the 
Group’s South African operations. The 
facility is renewable annually and is 
secured against inventory, debtors and 
cash that are held in the Group’s South 
African operations. The Directors do not 
foresee any reason why the facility will 
not continue to be renewed at the next 
renewal date, in line with prior periods 
and based on their banking relationships. 

The directors expect that coal market 
conditions for the Group’ will remain at a 
stable and profitable level through 2023. 

The directors therefore have a reasonable 
expectation that the mine will achieve 
positive levels of cash generation for the 
Group in 2023. As a consequence, the 
directors believe that the Group is well 
placed to manage its South African 
business risks successfully. 

In the UK, forecasts demonstrate that the 
Group has sufficient resources to meet 
its liabilities as they fall due for at least 
the next 12 months, from the approval of 
the financial statements, including those 
related to the Group’s UK Loan facility 
outlined below. 

The Group holds a 5 year term facility of 
£3.9m with Julian Hodge Bank Limited at 
an initial LTV of 40%. The loan is secured 
against the company’s UK retail property 
portfolio. The amount repayable on the 
loan at year end was £3.9million. The 
debt package has a five year term and is 
repayable at the end of the term in 
December 2024. The overall interest cost 
of the loan is 4.00% above the Bank of 
England base rate. All covenants on the 
loan were met during the year and the 
directors have a reasonable expectation 
that the Group has adequate financial 
resources at short notice, including cash 
and listed equity investments, to ensure 
the existing facility’s covenants are met 
on an ongoing basis. 

Dragon Retail Properties Limited 
(“Dragon”), the Group’s 50% owned joint 
venture, holds a Santander bank loan of 
£1.143million secured against its 
investment property, see note 14. The bank 
loan is secured by way of a first charge on 
specific freehold property at a value of 
£2.03 million. The interest cost of the loan 
is 2.75 per cent above the bank’s base 
rate. A refinancing of this loan is currently 
underway. The loan originally expired in 
September 2020, but has been extended 
to October 2023. Santander have 
indicated that they are willing to provide a 
new term loan and we expect to complete 
this in the near future.

In 2022 a disconnect in global energy 
markets resulted in higher global energy 
prices. Although the volatility in global 
energy markets in 2023 is uncertain, the 
Directors at present do not foresee events 
having a significant negative impact on the 
Group’s UK and South African operations 
ability to remain in operation for the 
foreseeable future. 

As a result of the banking facilities held as 
well as the acceptable levels of cash 
expected to be held by the Group over the 
next 12 months, the Directors believe that 
the Group has adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future and that the Group is 
well placed to manage its business risks. 
Thus they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis of accounting in preparing 
the annual financial statements.

Detailed budget and cash flow forecasts 
for the Group’s operations demonstrated 
that the Group has sufficient resources to 
meet its liabilities as they fall due for at 
least the next 12 months and the 
Directors believe the Group would be able 
to manage its business risks and have 
adequate cash resources to continue in 
operational existence for the foreseeable 
future. As a result of the banking facilities 
held as well as the acceptable levels of 
cash expected to be held by the Group 
over the next 12 months, the Directors 
believe that the Group has adequate 
resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future and 
that the Group is well placed to manage 
its business risks. Thus they continue to 
adopt the going concern basis of 
accounting in preparing the annual 
financial statements.

By order of the board

G.J Casey 
Secretary

12 Little Portland Street 
London W1W8BJ 

26 April 2023

38 Bisichi PLC

 
Governance
Statement of the Chairman 
of the remuneration committee
The remuneration committee presents its report for the year 
ended 31 December 2022. The report is presented in two parts 
in accordance with the remuneration regulations.

Both of the above reports have been 
prepared in accordance with The Large & 
Medium-sized Companies and Groups 
(Accounts and Reports) (Amendment) 
Regulations 2013.

The company’s auditors, Kreston Reeves 
LLP are required by law to audit certain 
disclosures and where disclosures have 
been audited they are indicated as such.

Christopher Joll 
Chairman – remuneration committee

12 Little Portland Street 
London W1W8BJ

26 April 2023

The first part is the Annual Remuneration 
Report which details remuneration 
awarded to Directors and non-executive 
Directors during the year. The 
shareholders will be asked to approve the 
Annual Remuneration Report as an 
ordinary resolution (as in previous years) 
at the AGM in June 2023. During the 
year, in light of the performance of the 
Group, the board determined to award 
bonuses and share options to certain 
executive directors of the Group. In 
addition, on 1st September 2022 the 
Company bought out 680,000 options 
over ordinary shares outstanding which 
were exercisable. As an alternative to the 
exercise of the options, the Company 
cancelled the share options for a 
consideration avoiding the need for the 
Company to allot shares, for shares to be 
sold in the market to meet the tax 
liabilities arising from the exercise and 
therefore the potential impact to the 
Company’s share price and on 
shareholders.

The current remuneration policy, which 
details the remuneration policy for 
directors, can be found at www.bisichi.
co.uk. The current remuneration policy 
was subject to a binding vote which was 
approved by shareholders at the AGM in 
July 2020. A further resolution amending 
the policy was approved by shareholders 
at a general meeting of the Company 
held on 16 June 2022. The resolution 
authorises the directors of the Company 
to enter into agreements to cancel and 
surrender options over Ordinary Shares. 
The approvals will continue to apply for a 
3 year period up to the AGM on 6 June 
2023. The remuneration committee 
considered the overall performance of the 
group as well as of each director in the 
year ended 31 December 2022 and 
remuneration including bonuses were 
awarded in line with the performance 
conditions of the remuneration policy.

The second part, is the new remuneration 
policy report which can be found on page 
48. The new remuneration policy is 
largely in line with the previous policy and 
is subject to a binding vote which will be 
proposed to shareholders at the AGM on 
6 June 2023. Once approved, the 
approval of the new policy will apply for a 
3 year period effective from the 
conclusion of the AGM on 6 June 2023. 

Bisichi PLC

3939

Governance
Annual remuneration report

The following information has been audited:

Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2022:

Salaries 
and Fees 
£’000

Benefits 
£’000

Bonuses 
£’000

Long Term 
Incentive 
Awards 
£’000

Pension 
£’000

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller

A R Heller

G J Casey

R Grobler

Non–Executive Directors
C A Joll*

J A Sibbald*
J Wong 

Total

200

495

194

218

52

3
55

-

42

17

17

-

3
-

580

1,100

575

356

-

-
-

1,217

79

2,611

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

-

Notional 
Value of 
Vesting 
Share 
Options

-

273

273

-

-

-
-

Total 
Fixed 
Remuner-
ation
£’000

Total 
Variable 
Remuner-
ation
£’000

200

537

230

254

52

6
55

580

1,373

848

356

-

-
-

Total
2022 
£’000

780

1,910

1,078

610

52

6
55

-

-

19

19

-

-
-

38

546

4,491

1,334

3,157

*Members of the remuneration committee for the year ended 31 December 2022 
The notional value of vesting share options are based on the value of the share options at grant. The awards are not subject to 
performance in line with the scheme terms.

Single total figure of remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2021:

Salaries 
and Fees 
£’000

Benefits 
£’000

Bonuses 
£’000

Long Term 
Incentive 
Awards 
£’000

Pension 
£’000

Executive Directors
Sir Michael Heller

A R Heller

G J Casey

R Grobler

Non–Executive Directors
C A Joll*

J A Sibbald*
J Wong

Total

83

495

185

205

40

3
50

1,061

-

34

17

11

-

3
-

65

-

400

200

176

-

-
-

776

-

-

-

-

-

-
-

-

*Members of the remuneration committee for the year ended 31 December 2021 

40 Bisichi PLC

Total 
Fixed 
Remuner-
ation
£’000

Total 
Variable 
Remuner-
ation
£’000

Total
2021 
£’000

83

929

421

409

40

6
50

83

529

221

233

40

6
50

-

400

200

176

-

-
-

-

-

19

17

-

-
-

36

1,938

1,162

776

 
Governance Annual remuneration report

Summary of directors’ terms
Executive directors
A R Heller
G J Casey
R J Grobler
Non-executive directors
C A Joll
J A Sibbald
J Wong
J Heller

Date of 
contract

Unexpired 
term

Notice  
period

January 1994
June 2010
April 2008

Continuous
Continuous
Continuous

February 2001 Continuous
October 1988
Continuous
October 2020 Continuous
Continuous

March 2023

3 months
3 months
3 months

3 months
3 months
3 months
3 months

Pension schemes and incentives 
Two (2021: Two) directors have benefits under money purchase pension schemes. Contributions in 2022 were £37,869 (2021: 
£35,177), see table above. There are no additional benefits payable to any director in the event of early retirement.

Scheme interests awarded during the year
During the year the company granted options over ordinary shares in the Company of 10 pence (the “Options”) to the following 
directors of the Company, under the Company’s Unapproved Executive Share Option Scheme 2012 (“the Scheme”), as set out below:
• Andrew Heller: 380,000 options granted on 1 September 2022 at an exercise price of £3.52 per share
• Garrett Casey: 380,000 options granted on 1 September 2022 at an exercise price of £3.52 per share
The exercise price of 352 pence per share was based on the midmarket closing price of the Company’s shares on 31 August 
2022, the date prior to the grant. The above Options are subject to the terms and conditions set out in the rules of the Scheme, 
and subject to the memorandum and articles of association of the Company. Further details of the Scheme are outlined below 
under Share option schemes. The above options were valued at £547,200 at date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. 
These Options are exercisable at any time during the next 10 years from the dates of grant stated above. No consideration has 
been paid for the granting of these Options. 

Share option schemes
The company currently has only one Unapproved Share Option Scheme which is not subject to HM revenue and Customs (HMRC) 
approval. The 2012 scheme was approved by the remuneration committee of the company on 28 September 2012. 

The 2012 Scheme
A R Heller
A R Heller
G J Casey
G J Casey
A R Heller
G J Casey

Number of share options

Option 
price*

1 January
2022

Options 
granted/
(Surrendered)
in 
2022

31
December 
2022

Exercisable 
from

Exercisable 
to

87.01p
73.50p
87.01p
73.50p
352.00p
352.00p

150,000
150,000
150,000
230,000
-
-

(150,000)
(150,000)
(150,000)
(230,000)
380,000
380,000

18/09/2015 17/09/2025
-
- 06/02/2018 06/02/2028
-
18/09/2015 17/09/2025
- 06/02/2018 06/02/2028
380,000 01/09/2022 31/08/2032
380,000 01/09/2022 31/08/2032

*Middle market price at date of grant
No consideration is payable for the grant of options under the 2012 Unapproved Share Option Scheme. There are no performance 
or service conditions attached to the 2012 Unapproved Share Option scheme. No part of the award was attributable to share price 
appreciation and no discretion has been exercised as a result of share price appreciation or depreciation.  During the year, there 
were no changes to the exercise price or exercise period for the options. On 1st September 2022, the Company entered into an 
agreement with Andrew Heller and Garrett Casey to cancel the options granted in 2015 and 2018 under the Scheme. The 
Company paid each director a cash payment in consideration for cancelling the options. The cash payment was calculated by 
reference to the closing midmarket share price on 31 August 2022 less the relevant exercise price. The aggregate consideration 
paid by the Company to effect the cancellations was £1,853,270. 

Bisichi PLC

4141

Governance Annual remuneration report

Payments to past directors
No payments were made to past directors in the year ended 31 December 2022 (2021: £nil).

Payments for loss of office
No payments for loss of office were made in the year ended 31 December 2022 (2021: £nil).

Statement of Directors’ shareholding and share interest

Directors’ interests
The interests of the directors in the shares of the company, including family and trustee holdings where appropriate, were as follows:

Sir Michael Heller 

A R Heller

R J Grobler

G J Casey

C A Joll 

J A Sibbald
J Wong

Beneficial

Non-beneficial

31.12.2022

1.1.2022

31.12.2022

148,783

785,012

-

148,783

785,012

-

40,000

40,000

-

-
-

-

-
-

181,334

-

-

-

-

-
-

1.1.2022

181,334

-

-

-

-

-
-

There are no requirements or guidelines for any director to own shares in the Company.

The following section is 
unaudited.
The following graph illustrates the 
company’s performance compared 
with a broad equity market index over 
a ten year period. Performance is 
measured by total shareholder return. 
The directors have chosen the FTSE 
All Share Mining index as a suitable 
index for this comparison as it gives 
an indication of performance against 
a spread of quoted companies in the 
same sector.

The middle market price of Bisichi 
PLC ordinary shares at 31 December 
2022 was 305p (2021: 60p). During 
the year the share price ranged 
between 81p and 375p.

)
d
e
s
a
b
e
r
(
e
c
i
r
P
e
r
a
h
S

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

20

0

42 Bisichi PLC

– Bisichi Mining

– FTSE All Share

2013

2014

2015

2016 

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

 
 
Governance Annual remuneration report

Remuneration of the Managing Director over the last ten years
The table below demonstrates the remuneration of the holder of the office of Managing Director for the last ten years 
for the period from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2022.

Year
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013

Managing 
Director
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller
A R Heller

Managing Director  
Single total figure of 
remuneration
£’000
1,637
929
551
1,035
1,073
898
850
912
862
614

Annual  bonus  payout 
against  maximum 
opportunity* 
%
74%
27%
0%
34%
34%
25%
22%
22%
22%
N/A

Long-term incentive 
vesting rates against  

maximum opportunity*
%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Bisichi PLC does not have a Chief Executive so the table includes the equivalent information for the Managing Director.

*  There were no formal criteria or conditions to apply in determining the amount of bonus payable or the number of shares to be issued prior to 2014.

Percentage change in remuneration and Company performance

Director

Base 
Salary 
2022

Benefits 
2022

Bonuses 
2022

Base 
Salary 
2021

Benefits 
2021

Bonuses 
2021

Base 
Salary 
2020

Benefits 
2020

Bonuses 
2020

0%
24%
0%
55%

141%
0%
5%
6%

N/A
175%
188%
102%

Executive:
Sir Michael Heller 1
A R Heller 2
G J Casey 2
R Grobler 2
Non-Executive:
C A Joll
J A Sibbald
J Wong 3
J Heller 4
Employee remuneration on a full-time equivalent basis:
Employees of the 
Company 5

30%
0%
10%
N/A

0%
0%
0%
N/A

0%
0%
0%
N/A

478%

47%

0%

0%
0%
20%
6%

0%
0%
0%
N/A

8%

0%
(39%)
(10%
3%

0%
0%
0%
N/A

0%
N/A
N/A
N/A

0%
0%
0%
N/A

(26%)

N/A

0%
0%
3%
(7%)

5%
0%
N/A
N/A

1%

0%
40%
18%
(17%)

0%
0%
N/A
N/A

(100%)
(100%)
(100%)
(100%)

0%
0%
N/A
N/A

33%

(100%)

1   Bonus changes for 2022 for Sir Michael  Heller are disclosed as not applicable as no bonus was awarded to the director in 2021.  

2   Bonus changes for 2021 for AR Heller, G J Casey, R Grobler and Employees of the Company are disclosed as not applicable as no bonuses were awarded 

to the various directors and employees in 2020.

3   Mr J Wong was appointed as a non-executive Director on 15 October 2020 so the annual change is not applicable for 2020 and was apportioned for 2021.

4   Mr J Heller was appointed as a non-executive Director on 29 March 2023 so the annual change is not applicable.

5   The comparator group chosen is all UK based employees as the remuneration committee believe this provides the most accurate comparison of underlying 

increases based on similar annual bonus performances utilised by the Group.

Bisichi PLC

4343

Governance Annual remuneration report

Relative importance of spend on pay
The total expenditure of the Group on remuneration to all employees (see Notes 29 and 9 to the financial statements) is shown 
below:

Employee remuneration
Distribution to shareholders (see note below)

2022
£’000

11,991
2,348

2021
£’000

7,491
641

The distribution to shareholders in the current year is subject to shareholder approval at next the Annual General Meeting.

Statement of implementation of remuneration policy
The remuneration policy was approved at the AGM on 9 July 2020. The policy took effect from the conclusion of the AGM and will 
apply for 3 years unless changes are deemed necessary by the remuneration committee. The company may not make a 
remuneration payment or payment for loss of office to a person who is, is to be, or has been a director of the company unless that 
payment is consistent with the approved remuneration policy, or has otherwise been approved by a resolution of members. During 
the year a resolution amending the policy was approved by shareholders at a general meeting of the Company held on 16 June 
2022. The resolution authorises the directors of the Company to enter into agreements to cancel and surrender options over 
Ordinary Shares. During the year, there were no deviations from the procedure for the implementation of the remuneration policy 
as set out in the policy.

Consideration by the directors of matters relating to directors’ remuneration
The remuneration committee considered the executive directors remuneration and the board considered the non-executive 
directors remuneration in the year ended 31 December 2022. The Company did not engage any consultants to provide advice or 
services to materially assist the remuneration committee’s considerations.

Shareholder voting
At the Annual General Meeting on 16 June 2022, there was an advisory vote on the resolution to approve the remuneration report, 
other than the part containing the remuneration policy. In addition, on 9 July 2020 there was a binding vote on the resolution to 
approve the current remuneration policy. In addition, a further resolution amending the policy was approved by shareholders at a 
general meeting of the Company held on 16 June 2022. The resolution authorises the directors of the Company to enter into 
agreements to cancel and surrender options over Ordinary Shares. The results of the votes above are detailed below:

Resolution to approve the Remuneration Report (16 June 2022)

Resolution to approve the Remuneration Policy (9 July 2020)
Resolution to authorises the directors of the Company to enter into agreements to 
cancel and surrender options over Ordinary Shares. (16 June 2022)

% of votes 
for

% of votes
against

No of votes
withheld

73.85%

69.87%
100%

26.15%

30.13%
0%

7,174

-
-

The remuneration committee and directors have considered the percentage of votes against the resolutions to approve the 
remuneration report and policy. Reasons given by shareholders, as known by the directors, have been the level of remuneration 
awarded and the general remuneration policy itself. The remuneration committee consider the remuneration policy and 
performance conditions within remain appropriate and therefore no further action has been taken.

44 Bisichi PLC

Governance Annual remuneration report

Service contracts
All executive directors have full-time contracts of employment with the company. Non-executive directors have contracts of service. 
No director has a contract of employment or contract of service with the company, its joint venture or associated companies with a 
fixed term which exceeds twelve months. Directors notice periods (see page 41 of the annual remuneration report) are set in line 
with market practice and of a length considered sufficient to ensure an effective handover of duties should a director leave the 
company. 

All directors’ contracts as amended from time to time, have run from the date of appointment. Service contracts are kept at the 
registered office. 

Remuneration policy table
The remuneration policy table below is an extract of the Group’s current remuneration policy on directors’ remuneration, which was 
approved by a binding vote at the 2020 AGM. The approved policy took effect from 9 July 2020. A copy of the full policy can be 
found at www.bisichi.co.uk.

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Base salary

To recognise:

Skills  
Responsibility 
Accountability 
Experience  
Value

Pension

To provide 
competitive 
retirement 
benefits

Considered by 
remuneration committee 
on appointment.

Set at a level considered 
appropriate to attract, 
retain motivate and  
reward the right 
individuals.

Company contribution 
offered at up to 10% 
of base salary as part 
of overall remuneration 
package.

Benefits

To provide a 
competitive 
benefits  
package

Contractual benefits can 
include but are not limited 
to:

Car or car allowance 
Group health cover 
Death in service cover 
Permanent health 
insurance

Reviewed annually 

Paid monthly in  
cash

No individual director will be awarded a base salary 
in excess of £700,000 per annum.

No specific performance conditions are attached to 
base salaries.

The contribution 
payable by the 
company is included 
in the  
director’s contract  
of employment. 

Paid into money 
purchase schemes

The committee 
retains absolute 
discretion to 
approve changes in 
contractual benefits 
in exceptional 
circumstances 
or where factors 
outside the control 
of the Group lead to 
increased costs (e.g. 
medical inflation)

Company contribution offered at up to 10% of base 
salary as part of overall remuneration package.

No specific performance conditions are attached to 
pension contributions.

The costs associated with benefits offered are 
closely controlled and reviewed on an annual basis.

No director will receive benefits of a value in excess 
of 30% of his base salary.

No specific performance conditions are attached to 
contractual benefits.

The value of benefits for each director for the year 
ended 31 December 2022 is shown in the table on 
page 40.

Bisichi PLC

4545

 
 
Governance Annual remuneration report

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Annual 
Bonus

To reward and 
incentivise

Share 
Options

To provide 
executive 
directors with 
a long-term 
interest in the 
company

In assessing the 
performance of  
the executive 
team, and in 
particular to 
determine 
whether bonuses 
are merited the 
remuneration 
committee takes 
into account 
the overall 
performance of  
the business. 
Bonuses are 
generally offered 
in cash

Granted under 
existing schemes 
(see page 41)

The remuneration 
committee 
determines the 
level of bonus on 
an annual basis 
applying such 
performance 
conditions and 
performance 
measures as 
it considers 
appropriate

Offered at 
appropriate times 
by the remuneration 
committee

The current maximum bonus opportunity will not exceed 
200% of base salary in any one year, but the remuneration 
committee reserves the power to award up to 300% in an 
exceptional year.
There is no formal framework by which the company 
assesses performance and performance conditions and 
measures will be assessed on an annual basis by the 
remuneration committee. In determining the level of the 
bonus, the remuneration committee will take into account 
internal and external factors and circumstances that occur 
during the year under review. The performance measures 
applied may be financial, non-financial, corporate, divisional 
or individual and in such proportion as the remuneration 
committee considers appropriate to the prevailing 
circumstances. The company does not consider, given the 
company’s size, nature and stage of operations that a formal 
framework is required.

Entitlement to share options is not subject to any specific 
performance conditions.
Share options will be offered by the remuneration committee 
as appropriate taking into account the factors considered 
above in the decision making process in determining 
remuneration policy. 
The aggregate number of shares over which options may 
be granted under all of the company’s option schemes 
(including any options and awards granted under the 
company’s employee share plans) in any period of ten 
years, will not exceed, at the time of grant, 10% of the 
ordinary share capital of the company from time to time. 
In determining the limits no account shall be taken of any 
shares where the right to acquire the shares has been 
released, lapsed or has otherwise become incapable of 
exercise.
The company currently has one Share Option Scheme (see 
page 41). 
For the 2012 scheme the remuneration committee has the 
ability to impose performance criteria in respect of any new 
share options granted, however there is no requirement to 
do so. There are no performance conditions attached to the 
options already issued under the 2012 scheme, the options 
vest on issue and there are no minimum hold periods for the 
resulting shares issued on exercise of the option.

46 Bisichi PLC

Governance Annual remuneration report

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Base salary To recognise:

Skills 
Experience 
Value

Pension

Benefits

Considered by the 
board on appointment.
Set at a level 
considered  
appropriate to attract, 
retain and motivate  
the individual. 
Experience and time 
required for the role 
are considered on 
appointment.

No pension offered

No benefits offered 
except to one non-
executive director  
who is eligible for  
health cover (see 
annual remuneration 
report page 40) 

Reviewed annually

No individual director will be awarded a base salary 
in excess of £60,000 per annum.
No specific performance conditions are attached to 
base salaries.

The committee retains 
the discretion to  
approve changes in 
contractual benefits 
in exceptional 
circumstances or  
where factors outside  
the control of the Group 
lead to increased costs  
(e.g. medical inflation)

The costs associated with the benefit offered is 
closely controlled and reviewed on an annual basis.
No director will receive benefits of a value in excess 
of 30% of his base salary.
No specific performance conditions are attached to 
contractual benefits.

Share 
Options

Non-executive directors 
do not participate in the 
share option schemes

Bisichi PLC

4747

Governance Annual remuneration report

In order to ensure that shareholders have sufficient clarity over director remuneration levels, the company has, where possible, 
specified a maximum that may be paid to a director in respect of each component of remuneration. The remuneration committee 
consider the performance measures outlined in the table above to be appropriate measures of performance and that the KPI’s 
chosen align the interests of the directors and shareholders. 

In addition to above, during the year a resolution amending the policy was approved by shareholders at a general meeting of the 
Company held on 16 June 2022. The resolution authorises the directors of the Company to enter into agreements to cancel and 
surrender options over Ordinary Shares.

Details of remuneration of other company employees can be found in Note 29 to the financial statements.

Remuneration policy 
The remuneration policy below is the group’s new remuneration policy on directors’ remuneration, which will be proposed for a 
binding vote at the 2023 AGM. If approved it is intended that the policy take effect from the conclusion of the AGM on 6 June 
2023, and will apply to remuneration determined on or after that date. The previously determined remuneration (determined under 
the company’s remuneration policy approved at the 2020 AGM) will continue to apply until that time. In the absence of approval of 
the new remuneration policy at the 2023 AGM the previous policy shall continue to apply.

The remuneration of the Company’s executive directors is determined by the remuneration committee. In the decision making 
process for the determination, review and implementation of the company’s remuneration policy, the remuneration committee has 
taken the following into account: 

•  The need to attract, retain and motivate individuals of a calibre who will ensure successful leadership and management of the 
company 

•  The group’s general aim of seeking to reward all employees fairly according to the nature of their role and their performance 

•  Remuneration packages offered by similar companies within the same sector 

•  The need to align the interests of shareholders as a whole with the long-term growth of the group 

•  The need to align the determination, review and implementation of the company’s remuneration policy with the long term 
strategy and success of the business. 

• The need to be flexible and adjust with operational changes throughout the term of this policy 

•  The need to ensure a link between remuneration and the long term success of the group; and 

•  The need to consider factors beyond the control of management in determining final outcomes. 

The remuneration of non-executive directors is determined by the board, and takes into account additional remuneration for 
services outside the scope of the ordinary duties of non-executive directors. 

In determining the remuneration for each executive director, the remuneration committee has, and in the determination of the fees 
payable to non-executive directors, the Board has, had regard to potential conflicts of interest in the decision making process, and 
has sought to mitigate these as far as is possible given the company’s size, nature and stage of operations. 

The remuneration policy contains no significant revisions compared with the previous policy other than rates which have been 
amended after taking into consideration inflation and the increase in size of the Group.

48 Bisichi PLC

Governance Annual remuneration report

Future Policy Table
The below new remuneration policy table is subject to approval by shareholders at the 2023 AGM:

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Base salary

To recognise:
Skills  
Responsibility 
Accountability 
Experience  
Value

Reviewed annually 
Paid monthly in cash

Considered by 
remuneration committee 
on appointment.
Set at a level considered 
appropriate to attract, 
retain motivate and 
reward the right 
individuals.

No individual director will be awarded a base salary 
in excess of £1,200,000 per annum.
No specific performance conditions are attached 
to base salaries.

Pension

To provide 
competitive 
retirement 
benefits

Company contribution 
offered at up to 10% 
of base salary as part 
of overall remuneration 
package.

Benefits

To provide a 
competitive 
benefits  
package

Annual 
Bonus

To reward and 
incentivise

Contractual benefits 
can include but are not 
limited to:
Car or car allowance 
Group health cover 
Death in service cover 
Permanent health 
insurance

In assessing the 
performance of the 
executive team, and in 
particular to determine 
whether bonuses are 
merited the 
remuneration  
committee takes into 
account the overall 
performance of the 
business. 
Bonuses are generally 
offered in cash

The contribution payable 
by the company is 
included in the director’s 
contract of employment. 
Paid into money 
purchase schemes

Company contribution offered at up to 10% 
of base salary as part of overall remuneration 
package.
No specific performance conditions are attached 
to pension contributions.

The committee retains 
absolute discretion to 
approve changes in 
contractual benefits 
in exceptional 
circumstances or where 
factors outside the 
control of the Group 
lead to increased costs 
(e.g. medical inflation)

The costs associated with benefits offered are 
closely controlled and reviewed on an annual basis.
No director will receive benefits of a value in 
excess of 30% of his base salary.
No specific performance conditions are attached 
to contractual benefits.
The value of benefits for each director for the year 
ended 31 December 2022 is shown in the table on 
page 40.

The remuneration 
committee determines 
the level of bonus on an 
annual basis applying 
such performance 
conditions and 
performance measures 
as it considers 
appropriate

The current maximum bonus opportunity will not 
exceed 200% of base salary in any one year, but 
the remuneration committee reserves the power to 
award up to 300% in an exceptional year.
There is no formal framework by which the 
company assesses performance and performance 
conditions and measures will be assessed on 
an annual basis by the remuneration committee. 
In determining the level of the bonus, the 
remuneration committee will take into account 
internal and external factors and circumstances 
that occur during the year under review. The 
performance measures applied may be financial, 
non-financial, corporate, divisional or individual 
and in such proportion as the remuneration 
committee considers appropriate to the prevailing 
circumstances. The company does not consider, 
given the company’s size, nature and stage of 
operations that a formal framework is required.

Bisichi PLC

4949

 
 
 
Governance Annual remuneration report

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

Share 
Options

To provide 
executive 
directors with 
a long-term 
interest in the 
company

Granted under existing 
schemes (see page 41) 
and new schemes

Offered at appropriate 
times by the 
remuneration  
committee

Entitlement to share options is not subject to any 
specific performance conditions.
Share options will be offered by the remuneration 
committee as appropriate taking into account the 
factors considered above in the decision making 
process in determining remuneration policy. 
The aggregate number of shares over which 
options may be granted under all of the company’s 
option schemes (including any options and awards 
granted under the company’s employee share 
plans) in any period of ten years, will not exceed, 
at the time of grant, 10% of the ordinary share 
capital of the company from time to time. In 
determining the limits no account shall be taken of 
any shares where the right to acquire the shares 
has been released, surrendered, lapsed or has 
otherwise become incapable of exercise.
The company currently has one 
Share Option Scheme (see page 41).                                                                        
For the 2012 scheme the remuneration committee 
has the ability to impose performance criteria in 
respect of any new share options granted, however 
there is no requirement to do so. There are no 
performance conditions attached to the options 
already issued under the 2012 scheme, the options 
vest on issue and there are no minimum hold 
periods for the resulting shares issued on exercise 
of the option.
The Board is authorised under this policy to enter 
into agreements with holders of options over 
ordinary shares in the capital of the Company to 
cancel or surrender the Options in consideration 
of the payment by the Company to the holder 
of the Option of cash up to a maximum of the 
difference between the exercise price of the 
Option and the closing market price on the 
business day immediately prior to the day on which 
the Company enters into that agreement with the 
relevant holder of the Options. 

50 Bisichi PLC

Governance Annual remuneration report

ELEMENT PURPOSE

POLICY

OPERATION

OPPORTUNITY AND PERFORMANCE CONDITIONS

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Base salary To recognise:

Skills 
Experience 
Value

Reviewed annually

Considered by the  
board on appointment.
Set at a level considered 
appropriate to attract, 
retain and motivate the 
individual. 
Experience and time 
required for the role 
are considered on 
appointment.

No individual director will be awarded a base salary 
in excess of £125,000 per annum.
No specific performance conditions are attached 
to base salaries.

Pension

Benefits

No pension offered

No benefits offered 
except  
to one non-executive 
director who is eligible 
for health  
cover (see annual 
remuneration report  
page 40) 

The committee retains 
the discretion to  
approve changes in 
contractual benefits 
in exceptional 
circumstances or  
where factors outside 
the control of the Group 
lead to increased costs 
(e.g. medical inflation)

The costs associated with the benefit offered 
is closely controlled and reviewed on an annual 
basis.
No director will receive benefits of a value in 
excess of 30% of his base salary or £10,000 
whichever is the higher.
No specific performance conditions are attached 
to contractual benefits.

Share 
Options

Non-executive directors 
do not participate in the 
share option schemes

Notes to the future policy table 
In order to ensure that shareholders have sufficient clarity over director remuneration levels, the company has, where possible, 
specified a maximum that may be paid to a director in respect of each component of remuneration. The remuneration committee 
consider the performance measures outlined in the table above to be appropriate measures of performance and that the KPI’s 
chosen align the interests of the directors and shareholders. Details of remuneration of other company employees can be found in 
Note 29 to the financial statements. Any differences in the types of remuneration available for directors and other employees 
reflect common practice and market norms. The bonus targets for general employees of the Group are more focused on annual 
targets that further the company’s interests. The maximum bonus opportunity for employees and directors alike is based on the 
seniority and responsibility of the role undertaken.

Bisichi PLC

5151

Governance Annual remuneration report

Remuneration scenarios 
An indication of the possible level of remuneration that would be received  by each current Executive Director in the year 
commencing 1 January 2023 in accordance with the directors’ remuneration policy is shown below. 

All performance targets relate to one financial year, and therefore there are no targets which would be impacted by share price 
appreciation.

A Heller:

G.Casey:

2,500

2,000

0
0
0
£

’

1,500

1,000

500

0

£2,022

£1,037

73%

48%

52%

27%

£537

100%

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

0
0
0
£

’

£811

72%

£487

53%

£230

100%

47%

28%

R Grobler:

1000

0
0
0
£

’

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

£908

72%

£431

42%

59%

28%

£254

100%

Minimum

On target

Maximum

Minimum

On target

Maximum

Minimum

On target

Maximum

Bonus

Assumptions 

Minimum 
Consists of base salary, benefits and pension. Base salary, benefits and pension for 2023 are assumed at the levels included in the 
single total figure remuneration table for the year ended 31 December 2022 on page 40. 

On target
Based on the average percentage bonus awarded to the individual in the three years ending on 31 December 2022. As outlined in 
the policy table above, the remuneration committee has discretion to award bonuses of up to 200% of base salary in any one year 
(up to 300% in an exceptional year). Base salary, benefits and pension for 2023 are assumed at the levels included in the single 
total figure remuneration table for the year ended 31 December 2022 on page 40. 

Maximum 
Based on maximum remuneration receivable of 300% of base salary awarded as bonus in an exceptional year. Base salary, 
benefits and pension for 2023 are assumed at the levels included in the single total figure remuneration table for the year ended 31 
December 2022 on page 40.

Approach to recruitment remuneration 
All appointments to the board are made on merit. The components of a new director’s remuneration package (who is recruited 
within the life of the approved remuneration policy) would comprise base salary, pension, benefits, annual bonus and opportunity to 
be granted share options as outlined above and the company’s approach to such appointments are detailed with in the future 
policy table above. The company will pay such levels of remuneration to new directors that would enable the company to attract 
appropriately skilled and experienced individuals that is not in the opinion of the remuneration committee excessive. The company 
has no pre-determined policy for buyouts of previous awards, and each case will be determined on merit, having regard to all 
relevant circumstances at the time. 

52 Bisichi PLC

Governance Annual remuneration report

Service contracts 
All executive directors have full-time contracts of employment with the company. Non-executive directors have contracts of service. 
No director has a contract of employment or contract of service with the company, its joint venture or associated companies with a 
fixed term which exceeds twelve months. Directors’ notice periods (see page 41 of the annual remuneration report) are set in line 
with market practice and of a length considered sufficient to ensure an effective handover of duties should a director leave the 
company. All directors’ contracts as amended from time to time, have run from the date of appointment. Service contracts are kept 
at the registered office. 

Policy on payment for loss of office 
There are no contractual provisions agreed prior to 27 June 2012 that could impact on a termination payment. Termination 
payments will be calculated in accordance with the existing contract of employment or service contract. It is the policy of the 
remuneration committee to issue employment contracts to executive directors with normal commercial terms and without extended 
terms of notice which could give rise to extraordinary termination payments. The board retains the discretion to make additional 
(ex-gratia) payments on termination should it be appropriate in all the circumstances. 

Consideration of employment conditions elsewhere in the Group 
In setting this policy for directors’ remuneration the remuneration committee has been mindful of the company’s objective to reward 
all employees fairly according to their role, performance and market forces. In setting the policy for Directors’ remuneration the 
remuneration committee has considered the pay and employment conditions of the other employees within the group. No formal 
consultation has been undertaken with employees in drawing up the policy. The remuneration committee has not used formal 
comparison measures. 

Consideration of shareholder views 
No shareholder views have been taken into account when formulating this policy. In accordance with the new regulations, an 
ordinary resolution for approval of this policy will be put to shareholders at the AGM in June 2023.

Bisichi PLC

5353

Governance
Audit committee report
The committee’s terms of reference have been approved by the board and 
follow published guidelines, which are available from the company secretary. 
The audit committee comprises the two non-executive directors, Christopher 
Joll (chairman), an experienced financial PR executive and John Sibbald, 
a retired chartered accountant.

••   participate in the selection of a new 
external audit partner and agree the 
appointment when required; 

••   undertake a formal assessment of the 
auditors’ independence each year 
which includes:

  ~  a review of non-audit services provided 

to the Group and related fees;
  ~  discussion with the auditors of a 

written report detailing all 
relationships with the company and 
any other parties that could affect 
independence or the perception of 
independence;

  ~  a review of the auditors’ own 
procedures for ensuring the 
independence of the audit firm and 
partners and staff involved in the 
audit, including the regular rotation of 
the audit partner; and

  ~  obtaining written confirmation from 

the auditors that, in their professional 
judgement, they are independent.

The Audit Committee’s prime tasks are to:
••   review the scope of external audit, to 

receive regular reports from the auditor 
and to review the half-yearly and annual 
accounts before they are presented to 
the board, focusing in particular on 
accounting policies and areas of 
management judgment and estimation;
••   monitor the controls which are in force 

to ensure the integrity of the 
information reported to the 
shareholders; 

••   assess key risks and to act as a forum 

for discussion of risk issues and 
contribute to the board’s review of the 
effectiveness of the Group’s risk 
management control and processes; 
••   act as a forum for discussion of internal 
control issues and contribute to the 
board’s review of the effectiveness of 
the Group’s internal control and risk 
management systems and processes;

••   consider each year the need for an 

internal audit function;

••   advise the board on the appointment of 
external auditors and rotation of the 
audit partner every five years, and on 
their remuneration for both audit and 
non-audit work, and discuss the nature 
and scope of their audit work;

Meetings
The committee meets prior to the annual 
audit with the external auditors to discuss 
the audit plan and again prior to the 
publication of the annual results. These 
meetings are attended by the external 
audit partner, managing director, director 
of finance and company secretary. Prior 
to bi-monthly board meetings the 
members of the committee meet on an 
informal basis to discuss any relevant 
matters which may have arisen. 
Additional formal meetings are held as 
necessary. 

During the past year the committee:
••   met with the external auditors, and 
discussed their reports to the Audit 
Committee;

••   approved the publication of annual and 

half-year financial results;

••   considered and approved the annual 

review of internal controls;

••   decided that due to the size and nature 
of operation there was not a current 
need for an internal audit function;

••   agreed the independence of the 

auditors and approved their fees for 
both audit related and non-audit 
services as set out in note 5 to the 
financial statements.

54 Bisichi PLC

Governance Audit committee report

External Auditors 
Kreston Reeves LLP have expressed their 
willingness to continue in office and a 
resolution to reappoint them will be 
proposed at the forthcoming Annual 
General Meeting. In the United Kingdom 
the company is provided with extensive 
administration and accounting services 
by London & Associated Properties PLC 
which has its own audit committee and 
employs a separate team of external 
auditors from Kreston Reeves LLP. BDO 
South Africa Inc. acts as the external 
auditor to the South African companies, 
and the work of that firm was reviewed by 
Kreston Reeves LLP for the purpose of 
the Group audit. 

Christopher Joll 
Chairman – audit committee

12 Little Portland Street 
London W1W8BJ

26 April 2023

Financial reporting 
As part of its role, the Audit Committee 
assessed the audit findings that were 
considered most significant to the 
financial statements, including those 
areas requiring significant judgment and/
or estimation. When assessing the 
identified financial reporting matters, the 
committee assessed quantitative 
materiality primarily by reference to profit 
before tax. The Board also gave 
consideration to:

••   the carrying value of the Group’s total 

assets, given that the Group operates a 
principally asset based business;

••   the value of revenues generated by the 
Group, given the importance of coal 
production and processing; 

••   Adjusted EBITDA, given that it is a key 

trading KPI, when determining 
quantitative materiality; and 

••   Going concern, given the potential 

impact of macro-economic activity on 
the Group’s operations. 

The qualitative aspects of any financial 
reporting matters identified during the 
audit process were also considered when 
assessing their materiality. Based on the 
considerations set out above we have 
considered quantitative errors individually 
or in aggregate in excess of 
approximately £700,000 to £800,000 to 
be material.

Bisichi PLC

5555

Governance
Valuers’ certificates
To the directors of Bisichi PLC

In accordance with your instructions we have carried out a valuation of the freehold property interests held as at 31 December 
2022 by the company as detailed in our Valuation Report dated 20 February 2023.

Having regard to the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the open market value as at 31 December 2022 of the interests owned 
by the company was £10,465,000 being made up as follows:

Freehold
Leasehold

Leeds 
20 February 2023

£’000

8,270
2,195

10,465

Carter Towler
Regulated by Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors

56 Bisichi PLC

Governance
Directors’ responsibilities statement
The directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the 
financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to 
prepare financial statements for each 
financial year. Under that law the 
directors are required to prepare the 
Group financial statements in accordance 
with UK-adopted international accounting 
standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. The directors have elected to 
prepare the company financial 
statements in accordance with United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice (United Kingdom Accounting 
Standards and applicable law). Under 
company law the directors must not 
approve the financial statements unless 
they are satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and company and of the profit or 
loss for the Group for that period. 

In preparing these financial statements, 
the directors are required to:
••   select suitable accounting policies and 

then apply them consistently;

••   make judgements and accounting 
estimates that are reasonable and 
prudent;

••   state with regard to the Group financial 
statements whether they have been 
prepared in accordance with UK-
adopted international accounting 
standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 
2006 subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in 
the financial statements;

••   state with regard to the parent 

company financial statements, whether 
applicable UK accounting standards 
have been followed, subject to any 
material departures disclosed and 
explained in the financial statements; 
••   prepare the financial statements on the 

going concern basis unless it is 
inappropriate to presume that the 
company and the Group will continue in 
business; and

••   prepare a director’s report, a strategic 
report and director’s remuneration 
report which comply with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 
2006.

The directors are responsible for keeping 
adequate accounting records that are 
sufficient to show and explain the 
company’s transactions and disclose with 
reasonable accuracy at any time the 
financial position of the company and 
enable them to ensure that the financial 
statements comply with the Companies 
Act 2006 and, as regards the Group 
financial statements, international 
accounting standards. They are also 
responsible for safeguarding the assets 
of the company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities. 
The Directors are responsible for 
ensuring that the annual report and 
accounts, taken as a whole, are fair, 
balanced, and understandable and 
provides the information necessary for 
shareholders to assess the Group’s 
performance, business model and 
strategy.

Website publication
The directors are responsible for ensuring 
the annual report and the financial 
statements are made available on a 
website. Financial statements are 
published on the company’s website in 
accordance with legislation in the United 
Kingdom governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements, 
which may vary from legislation in other 
jurisdictions. The maintenance and 
integrity of the company’s website is the 
responsibility of the directors. The 
directors’ responsibility also extends to 
the ongoing integrity of the financial 
statements contained therein.

Directors’ responsibilities 
pursuant to DTR4
The directors confirm to the best of their 
knowledge:
••   the Group financial statements have 
been prepared in accordance with 
UK-adopted international accounting 
standards in conformity with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 
2006 and give a true and fair view of 
the assets, liabilities, financial position 
and profit and loss of the Group.

••   the annual report includes a fair review 
of the development and performance of 
the business and the financial position 
of the Group and the parent company, 
together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties that 
they face.

Bisichi PLC

5757

Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Governance
Independent auditor report to the shareholders of 
Bisichi Plc for the year ended 31 December 2022
Opinion 
We have audited the financial statements of 
Bisichi PLC (the ‘parent company’) and its 
subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 
31 December 2022 which comprise the 
consolidated income statement, 
consolidated statement of other 
comprehensive income, consolidated and 
company balance sheets, consolidated and 
company statements of changes in equity, 
consolidated cash flow statement and notes 
to the financial statements, including a 
summary of significant Group accounting 
policies. The financial reporting framework 
that has been applied in their preparation of 
the group financial statements is applicable 
law and UK adopted international 
accounting standards. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied 
in the preparation of the parent company 
financial statements is applicable law and 
United Kingdom Accounting Standards, 
including FRS 101 Reduced Disclosure 
Framework (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice).

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance 
with International Standards on Auditing 
(UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our 
responsibilities under those standards are 
further described in the Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the 
financial statements section of our report. 
We are independent of the Group in 
accordance with the ethical requirements 
that are relevant to our audit of the 
financial statements in the UK, including 
the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to 
listed entities, and we have fulfilled our 
other ethical responsibilities in 
accordance with these requirements. We 
believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to 
provide a basis for our opinion.

and the war in Ukraine and the potential 
liquidity impact of these on cash 
balances including available facilities.
•  •   Analysed the financial strength of the 
business at the year end date and 
considered key trends in balance sheet 
strength and business performance 
over the last three years.

•  •   Testing the mechanical integrity of 
forecast model by checking the 
accuracy and completeness of the 
model, including challenging the 
appropriateness of estimates and 
assumptions with reference to empirical 
data and external evidence.

•  •   Confirmations gained that operation of 
the business, including mine production 
and sale at Black Wattle Colliery have 
not been disrupted in the period by any 
external or internal factors.

performed our own sensitivity analysis 
in respect of the key assumptions 
underpinning the forecasts.

•  •   Based on our above assessment we 

Conclusions relating to going 
concern
In auditing the financial statements, we 
have concluded that the Directors’ use of 
the going concern basis of accounting in 
the preparation of the financial 
statements is appropriate.

Our evaluation of the directors 
assessment of the Group and Parent 
companies ability to continue to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting 
including the following:
•  •   Gained an understanding of the 
systems and controls around 
managements’ going concern 
assessment, including for the 
preparation and review process for 
forecasts and budgets.

•  •   Evidence obtained that management 

have undertaken a formal going 
concern assessment, including 
sensitivity analysis on cash flow 
forecasts, clear consideration of external 
factors including the COVID pandemic 

•  •   We performed stress-testing analysis 
on the core cash generating units of 
the business to confirm cash inflow 
levels needed to maintain minimal 
liquidity required to meet liabilities as 
they fall due.

•  •   We considered post year end 
performance of the business, 
comparing this to budget as well as 
considering the development of key 
liquidity ratios in the business.

•  •   The group’s banking facility 

documentation was reviewed to ensure 
that any covenants in place have not 
been breached.

•  •   We reviewed the adequacy and 
completeness of the disclosure 
included within the financial statements 
in respect of going concern.

In our opinion, the financial statements:

•  •   the financial statements give a true and 
fair view of the state of the Group’s and 
of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 
December 2022 and of the Group’s 
profit for the year then ended;

•  •   the group financial statements have 

been properly prepared in accordance 
with UK adopted international 
accounting standards; 

•  •   the parent company financial 

statements have been properly 
prepared in accordance with United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice; and

•  •   the financial statements have been 
prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

58 Bisichi PLC

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

An overview of the scope of 
our audit
As part of designing our audit, we 
determined materiality and assessed the 
risks of material misstatement in the 
financial statements. In particular, we 
looked at where the directors made 
subjective judgements, for example in 
respect of significant accounting 
estimates that involved making 
assumptions and considering future 
events that are inherently uncertain. As in 
all of our audits we also addressed the 
risk of management override of internal 
controls, including evaluating whether 
there was evidence of bias by the 
directors that represented a risk of 
material misstatement due to fraud.

Based on the work we have performed, 
we have not identified any material 
uncertainties relating to events or 
conditions that, individually or collectively, 
may cast significant doubt on the entity’s 
ability to continue as a going concern for 
a period of at least twelve months from 
when the financial statements are 
authorised for issue.

In relation to the Group and Parent 
Company’s reporting on how they have 
applied the UK Corporate Governance 
Code, we have nothing material to add or 
draw attention to in relation to the 
directors’ statement in the financial 
statements about whether the directors 
considered it appropriate to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting. 

Our responsibilities and the 
responsibilities of the directors with 
respect to going concern are described in 
the relevant sections of this report. 
However, because not all future events or 
conditions can be predicted, this 
statement is not a guarantee as to the 
Group’s and Parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern.

Corporate Governance 
Statement 
The Listing Rules require us to review the 
directors’ statement in relation to going 
concern, longer-term viability and that 
part of the Corporate Governance 
Statement relating to the Group’s and 
Parent Company’s compliance with the 
provisions of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code specified for our 
review. 

Based on the work undertaken as part of 
our audit, we have concluded that each of 
the following elements of the Corporate 
Governance Statement is materially 
consistent with the financial statements 
or our knowledge obtained during the 
audit: 

•  •  Directors’ statement with regards to the 
appropriateness of adopting the going 
concern basis of accounting and any 
material uncertainties identified set out 
on page 38; 

•  •  Directors’ explanation as to its 
assessment of the company’s 
prospects, the period this assessment 
covers and why the period is 
appropriate set out on page 38; 

•  •  Board’s confirmation that it has carried 

out a robust assessment of the 
emerging and principal risks set out on 
pages 19 to 23; 

•  •  The section of the Annual Report that 

describes the review of effectiveness of 
risk management and internal control 
systems set out on page 36 and 

•  •  The section describing the work of the 
Risk and Audit Committee set out on 
page 35.

Bisichi PLC

5959

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Our application of materiality

Materiality

£711,200 (2021: £359,600)

£710,000 (2021: £359,500)

Group financial statements

Parent company financial statements

Basis for determining 
materiality

Rationale for benchmark 
applied

2% of net assets

Capped below group materiality

The group’s principal activity of that of 
an exploration and mining operation and 
investment property holdings. To this end the 
business is highly asset focused. Therefore a 
benchmark for materiality of the NA’s of the 
group is considered to be appropriate.

The parent company materiality has been 
capped at below group materiality. This was to 
address the aggregation risk in the group audit.

Performance materiality  £533,400 (2021: £269,700)

£532,500 (2021: £269,600)

Basis for determining 
performance materiality

Rationale for 
performance materiality 
applied

75% of materiality

Capped below group materiality

On the basis of our risk assessments, together 
with our assessment of the Group’s overall 
control environment, our judgement was 
that performance materiality was 75% of 
our planning materiality. In assessing the 
appropriate level, we consider the nature, the 
number and impact of the audit differences 
identified in the previous year’s audit.

The parent company performance materiality 
has been capped at below group performance 
materiality. This was to address the aggregation 
risk in the group audit.

Triviality threshold 

£35,560 (2021: £17,980)

£35,500 (2021: £17,980)

Basis for determining 
triviality threshold

5% of materiality 

Capped below group materiality

We reported all audit differences found in 
excess of our triviality threshold to the 
directors and the management board.

For each Group company within the 
scope of our Group audit, we allocated a 
materiality that is less than our overall 
Group materiality. The range of 
materiality allocated across each Group 
company was between £234,500 and 
£23,300. The scope of our audit was 
influenced by our application of 

materiality as we set certain quantitative 
thresholds for performance materiality 
and use these thresholds as a 
consideration tool to help to determine 
the scope of our audit and the nature, 
timing and extent of our audit procedures 
on the individual financial statement line 
items and disclosures and in evaluating 
the effect of misstatements, both 
individually and in aggregate on the 
financial statements as a whole.

We determined component materiality for 
the parent company to be capped at 
below group materiality. This was also the 
case for group subsidiaries registered 
outside of the UK. For the lower risk 
UK-registered trading subsidiaries, 4% of 
those subsidiary’s net assets were used. 
Performance materiality was set in the 
range of 70-80% of each individual 
materiality.

60 Bisichi PLC

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Coverage overview

Totals at 31 December 
2022:

Full statutory audit 
(Kreston Reeves and BDO)

Group revenue
£95,110,894

Group profit/(loss) before tax
£38,013,787

Group net assets
£35,560,822

£95,111,894 (100%)

£37,924,360 (99.8%)

£35,285,511 (99.2%)

Limited procedures

£Nil

£89,427 (0.2%)

£275,311 (0.8%)

We tailored the scope of our audit to 
ensure that we performed sufficient 
work to be able to give an opinion on 
the financial statements as a whole, 
taking into account the structure of the 
Group and the parent company, the 
accounting processes and controls, 

and the industry in which they operate.

Our scoping considerations for the 
Group audit were based both on 
financial information and risk. As noted 
above limited assurance audit work – 
which is to say the audit of balances 
and transactions material at a group 

level – was only applied in respect of a 
small element of the group. The below 
table summarises for the parent 
company, and its subsidiaries, in terms 
of the level of assurance gained:

Group component
Bisichi PLC

Mineral Products Limited

Bisichi (Properties) Limited

Bisichi Northampton Limited

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited

Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited

Black Wattle Klipfontein (Pty) Limited

Bisichi Coal Mining (Pty) Limited

All other group undertakings

Level of assurance
Full statutory audit (Kreston Reeves)

Full statutory audit (Kreston Reeves)

Full statutory audit (Kreston Reeves)

Full statutory audit (Kreston Reeves)

Full statutory audit (Kreston Reeves)

Full statutory audit (BDO)

Full statutory audit (BDO)

Full statutory audit (BDO)

Full statutory audit (BDO)

Limited assurance (Kreston Reeves)

Bisichi PLC

6161

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, 
in our professional judgment, were of 
most significance in our audit of the 
financial statements of the current period 
and include the most significant assessed 

risks of material misstatement (whether 
or not due to fraud) that we identified, 
including those which had the greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy, the 
allocation of resources in the audit; and 
directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. These matters were addressed in 

the context of our audit of the financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our 
opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters. This is 
not a complete list of all risks identified by 
our audit.

Revenue recognition: £95,110,894 (2021: £50,520,000)

Significance and nature of key risk
Revenue is a key performance indicator for users in 
assessing the group’s financial statements. Revenue 
generated has a significant impact on cash inflows and 
profit before tax for the group. As such revenue is a 
key determinant in profitability and the group’s ability to 
generate cash.

Revenue comprises two key revenue streams: the sale of 
coal and property rental income.

Coal revenue is recognised when the customer has a legally 
binding obligation to settle under the terms of the contract.

Rental income is recognised in the Group income statement 
on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

How our audit addressed the key risk
Sales of coal and coal processing services in the period were 
tested from the trigger point of the sale to the point of recognition 
in the financial statements, corroborating this to contract sales or 
service terms and the recognition stages detailed in IFRS 15.

Rental income revenue was recalculated based on the terms 
included in signed lease agreements. Again, the recognition 
stages detailed the relevant standards were carefully considered 
to ensure revenue recognised was in line with these. This 
substantive testing covered 100% of total property rental 
revenues.

Revenue streams were further analytically reviewed via 
comparison to our expectations. Expectations were based on 
a combination of prior financial data/budgets and our own 
assessments based on our knowledge gained of the business.

Cut-off of revenue was reviewed by analysing sales recorded 
during the period just before and after the financial year end and 
determining if the recognition applied was appropriate. 

Walkthrough testing was performed to ensure that key systems 
and controls in place around the revenue cycle operated as 
designed.

The accuracy of revenue disclosures in the accounts were 
confirmed to be consistent with the revenue cycle observed and 
audited. The completeness of these disclosures was confirmed by 
reference to the full disclosure requirements as detailed in IFRS 
15.

Key observations communicated to the Risk and Audit Committee
We have no concerns over the material accuracy of revenue recognised in the financial statements.

62 Bisichi PLC

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Valuation/impairment of investment properties: £10,635,000 (2021: £10,700,000)

Significance and nature of key risk
Investment properties comprise freehold and long leasehold 
land and buildings. Investment properties are carried at fair 
value in accordance with IAS 40.

How our audit addressed the key risk
Appropriate classification of investment properties under IAS 40 
was considered, especially in relation to long leasehold land and 
buildings.

Investment properties are revalued annually by professional 
external surveyors and included in the balance sheet at their 
fair value.  Gains or losses arising from changes in the fair 
values of assets are recognised in the consolidated income 
statement in the period to which they relate.  In accordance 
with IAS 40, investment properties are not depreciated. 

The fair value of the head leases is the net present value of 
the current head rent payable on leasehold properties until 
the expiry of the lease.

External valuation reports were obtained and vouched to stated 
fair values. The competence and independence of the valuation 
experts was carefully considered to ensure that the reports they 
produce can be relied upon. 

The key assumptions made within these reports were reviewed 
and considered for reasonableness, including rental yield 
analysis. We have further performed our own separate impairment 
considerations to consider if events/factors in place at year end 
present material impairment indicators.

Key observations communicated to the Risk and Audit Committee
We have no concerns over the material accuracy of investment property values recognised in the financial statements.

Valuation/impairment of mining reserves and development: £16,177,000 (2021: £8,896,000)

Significance and nature of key risk
The purpose of mine development is to establish secure 
working conditions and infrastructure to allow the safe and 
efficient extraction of recoverable reserves.

How our audit addressed the key risk
The accounting requirements of IFRS 6 and IAS 16 were 
considered to ensure capitalisation of costs to mine development 
under IAS 16 was appropriate.

Depreciation on mine development costs is not charged 
until production commences or the assets are put to 
use. On commencement of full commercial production, 
depreciation is charged over the life of the associated mine 
reserves extractable using the asset on a unit of production 
basis. 

The unit of production calculation is based on tonnes 
mined as a ratio to proven and probable reserves 
and also includes future forecast capital expenditure.  
The cost recognised includes the recognition of any 
decommissioning assets related to mine development.

In considering impairment indicators, as governed by IAS 36, 
the life of mine assessment was obtained. All significant input 
variables were considered and stress-tested to assess headroom 
between modelling and the value of mine development.

Consideration was given to the competence and independence of 
the technical expert involved with the production of historic technical 
reports on which the life of mine assessment is partially built. 

Depreciation of mine development was recalculated based on 
the unit of production basis to ensure accurately recorded. This 
basis was also considered for reasonableness by reference to the 
accounting policies of industry peers.

The accuracy and appropriateness of mine development 
disclosures in the accounts were confirmed to be consistent with 
the mine development accounting cycle observed and audited.

Key observations communicated to the Risk and Audit Committee
We have no concerns over the material accuracy of mining reserves and development values recognised in the financial 
statements.

Bisichi PLC

6363

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Other information
The other information comprises the 
information included in the annual report 
other than the financial statements and 
our auditor’s report thereon. The directors 
are responsible for the other information 
contained within the annual report. Our 
opinion on the financial statements does 
not cover the other information and, 
except to the extent otherwise explicitly 
stated in our report, we do not express 
any form of assurance conclusion 
thereon. Our responsibility is to read the 
other information and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is 
materially inconsistent with the financial 
statements or our knowledge obtained in 
the course of the audit, or otherwise 
appears to be materially misstated. If we 
identify such material inconsistencies or 
apparent material misstatements, we are 
required to determine whether this gives 
rise to a material misstatement in the 
financial statements themselves. If, based 
on the work we have performed, we 
conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we 
are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Our opinion on the 
remuneration report 
Kreston Reeves has audited the Annual 
remuneration report set out on pages 40 
to 53 of the Annual Report for the year 
ended 31 December 2022. The directors 
of the Company are responsible for the 
preparation and presentation of the 
Remuneration Report in accordance with 
the Companies Act 2006. Kreston 
Reeves’ responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Remuneration Report, 
based on our audit conducted in 
accordance with International Accounting 
Standards. In Kreston Reeves’ opinion, the 
Remuneration Report of the Group for the 
year, complies with the requirements of 
the Companies Act 2006.

64 Bisichi PLC

Our consideration of climate 
change related risks
The financial impacts on the Group of 
climate change and the transition to a low 
carbon economy (“climate change”) were 
considered in our audit where they have 
the potential to directly or indirectly 
impact key judgements and estimates 
within the financial statements. 

The Group continues to develop its 
assessment of the potential impacts of 
climate change. Climate risks have the 
potential to materially impact the key 
judgements and estimates within the 
financial report. Our audit considered 
those risks that could be material to the 
key judgement and estimates in the 
assessment of the carrying value of 
non-current assets and closure and 
rehabilitation provisions. 

The key judgements and estimates 
included in the financial statements 
incorporate actions and strategies, to the 
extent they have been approved and can 
be reliably estimated in accordance with 
the Group’s accounting policies. 
Accordingly, our key audit matters 
address how we have assessed the 
Group’s climate related assumptions to 
the extent they impact each key audit 
matter. Our audit procedures were 
performed with the involvement of our 
climate change and valuation specialists.

Opinions on other matters 
prescribed by the Companies 
Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work 
undertaken in the course of the audit:
••  the information given in the strategic 

report and the directors’ report for the 
financial year for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent 
with the financial statements; and
••  the strategic report and the directors’ 

report have been prepared in 
accordance with applicable legal 
requirements.

Matters on which we are 
required to report by exception
In the light of our knowledge and 
understanding of the Group and parent 
company and its environment obtained in 
the course of the audit, we have not 
identified material misstatements in the 
strategic report or the directors’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of 
the following matters in relation to which 
the Companies Act 2006 requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion:
••  adequate accounting records have not 
been kept by the parent company, or 
returns adequate for our audit have not 
been received from branches not 
visited by us; or

••  the parent company financial 

statements are not in agreement with 
the accounting records and returns; or

••  certain disclosures of directors’ 

remuneration specified by law are not 
made; or

••  we have not received all the information 
and explanations we require for our audit

Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ 
responsibilities statement (set out on 
page 57), the directors are responsible 
for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view, and for 
such internal control as the directors 
determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the 
directors are responsible for assessing the 
Group’s and parent company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, 
as applicable, matters related to going 
concern and using the going concern 
basis of accounting unless the directors 
either intend to liquidate the Group or 
parent company or to cease operations, or 
have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Auditor’s responsibilities for 
the audit of the financial 
statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial 
statements as a whole are free from 
material misstatement, whether due to 
fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s 
report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of 
assurance but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs 
(UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or 
error and are considered material if, 
individually or in the aggregate, they 
could reasonably be expected to 
influence the economic decisions of users 
taken on the basis of these financial 
statements. 

Capability of the audit in detecting 
irregularities, including fraud

Based on our understanding of the group 
and industry, and through discussion with 
the directors and other management (as 
required by auditing standards), we 
identified that the principal risks of 
non-compliance with laws and regulations 
related to health and safety, anti-bribery 
and employment law. We considered the 
extent to which non-compliance might 
have a material effect on the financial 
statements. We also considered those 
laws and regulations that have a direct 
impact on the preparation of the financial 
statements such as the Companies Act 
2006. We communicated identified laws 
and regulations throughout our team and 
remained alert to any indications of 
non-compliance throughout the audit. We 
evaluated management’s incentives and 
opportunities for fraudulent manipulation 
of the financial statements (including the 
risk of override of controls), and 
determined that the principal risks were 
related to: posting inappropriate journal 
entries to increase revenue or reduce 

expenditure, management bias in 
accounting estimates and judgemental 
areas of the financial statements such as 
the valuation of investment properties. 
Audit procedures performed by the group 
engagement team and component 
auditors included:
••  We obtained an understanding of the 
legal and regulatory frameworks that 
are applicable to the Group and 
determined that the most significant 
are those that relate to the reporting 
framework and the relevant tax 
compliance regulations in the 
jurisdictions in which Bisichi PLC 
operates. In addition, we concluded 
that there are certain significant laws 
and regulations that may have an effect 
on the determination of the amounts 
and disclosures in the financial 
statements, mainly relating to health 
and safety, employee matters, bribery 
and corruption practices, environmental 
and certain aspects of company 
legislation recognising the regulated 
nature of the Group’s mining activities 
and its legal form.

••  Detailed discussions were held with 

management to identify any known or 
suspected instances of non- 
compliance with laws and regulations.
••  Identifying and assessing the design 

effectiveness of controls that 
management has in place to prevent 
and detect fraud.

••  Challenging assumptions and 

judgements made by management in 
its significant accounting estimates, 
including assessing the capabilities of 
the property valuers and discussing 
with the valuers how their valuations 
were calculated and the data and 
assumptions they have used to 
calculate these.

••  Performing analytical procedures to 
identify any unusual or unexpected 
relationships, including related party 
transactions, that may indicate risks of 
material misstatement due to fraud.

••  Confirmation of related parties with 

management, and review of 
transactions throughout the period to 
identify any previously undisclosed 
transactions with related parties 
outside the normal course of business.
••  Reading minutes of meetings of those 
charged with governance, reviewing 
internal audit reports and reviewing 
correspondence with relevant tax and 
regulatory authorities.

••  Performing integrity testing to verify the 
legitimacy of banking records obtained 
from management.

••  Review of significant and unusual 
transactions and evaluation of the 
underlying financial rationale 
supporting the transactions.

••  Identifying and testing journal entries, 
in particular any manual entries made 
at the year end for financial statement 
preparation.

••  We ensured our global audit team 

(including Kreston Reeves and BDO) 
has deep industry experience through 
working for many years on relevant 
audits, including experience of mining 
and investment property management. 
Our audit planning included considering 
external market factors, for example 
geopolitical risk, the potential impact of 
climate change, commodity price risk 
and major trends in the industry.

Because of the inherent limitations of an 
audit, there is a risk that we will not detect 
all irregularities, including those leading 
to a material misstatement in the financial 
statements or non-compliance with 
regulation. This risk increases the more 
that compliance with a law or regulation is 
removed from the events and 
transactions reflected in the financial 
statements, as we will be less likely to 
become aware of instances of non-
compliance.

Bisichi PLC

6565

Governance Independent auditor report to the shareholders of Bisichi Plc

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the 
company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work 
has been undertaken so that we might 
state to the company’s members those 
matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor report and for no other 
purpose. To the fullest extent permitted 
by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the 
company and the company’s members as 
a body, for our audit work, for this report, 
or for the opinions we have formed.

Anne Dwyer BSc(Hons) FCA (Senior 
Statutory Auditor) 

For and on behalf of 

Kreston Reeves LLP 

Chartered Accountants 
Statutory Auditor 
London

Date: 27 April 2023

As part of an audit in accordance with 
ISAs (UK), we exercise professional 
judgment and maintain professional 
scepticism throughout the audit. We also:

••  Identify and assess the risks of material 

misstatement of the financial 
statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, design and perform audit 
procedures responsive to those risks, 
and obtain audit evidence that is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a 
basis for our opinion. The risk of not 
detecting a material misstatement 
resulting from fraud is higher than for 
one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve collusion, forgery, intentional 
omissions, misrepresentations, or the 
override of internal control.

••  Obtain an understanding of internal 

control relevant to the audit in order to 
design audit procedures that are 
appropriate in the circumstances, but 
not for the purpose of expressing an 
opinion on the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control.

••  Evaluate the appropriateness of 
accounting policies used and the 
reasonableness of accounting 
estimates and related disclosures made 
by the directors.

••  Conclude on the appropriateness of the 

directors’ use of the going concern 
basis of accounting and, based on the 
audit evidence obtained, whether a 
material uncertainty exists related to 
events or conditions that may cast 
significant doubt on the Group’s or the 
parent company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern. If we conclude that a 
material uncertainty exists, we are 
required to draw attention in our 
auditor’s report to the related 
disclosures in the financial statements 
or, if such disclosures are inadequate, 
to modify our opinion. Our conclusions 
are based on the audit evidence 
obtained up to the date of our auditor’s 
report. However, future events or 

conditions may cause the Group or the 
parent company to cease to continue 
as a going concern.

••  Evaluate the overall presentation, 

structure and content of the financial 
statements, including the disclosures, 
and whether the financial statements 
represent the underlying transactions 
and events in a manner that achieves 
fair presentation.

••  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit 
evidence regarding the financial 
information of the entities or business 
activities within the Group to express 
an opinion on the consolidated financial 
statements. We are responsible for the 
direction, supervision and performance 
of the Group audit. We remain solely 
responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged 
with governance regarding, among other 
matters, the planned scope and timing of 
the audit and significant audit findings, 
including any significant deficiencies in 
internal control that we identify during 
our audit.

Other matters which we are 
required to address
We were reappointed by the audit 
committee in the year to audit the financial 
statements. Our total uninterrupted period 
of engagement is 2 years, covering the 
years ended 31 December 2021 and 31 
December 2022.

The non-audit services prohibited by the 
FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided 
to the group or the parent company and we 
remain independent of the group and the 
parent company in conducting our audit.

During the period under review, agreed 
upon procedures were completed in 
respect of a number of the group’s service 
charge accounts.

Our audit opinion is consistent with the 
additional report to the audit committee.

66 Bisichi PLC

 
Financial statements

68  Consolidated income statement

69  Consolidated statement of other comprehensive income

70  Consolidated balance sheet

72  Consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity

73  Consolidated cash flow statement

74  Group accounting policies

82  Notes to the financial statements

108  Company balance sheet

109  Company statement of changes in equity

110  Company accounting policies

Bisichi PLC

67

 
Financial statements

Financial statements
Consolidated income statement
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Group revenue
Operating costs

Operating profit before depreciation, 
fair value adjustments and exchange 
movements
Depreciation

Operating profit before fair value 
adjustments and exchange movements

Exchange losses

(Decrease)/ Increase in value of 
investment properties
Gain on investments held at fair value

Operating profit
Share of loss in joint ventures

Profit before interest and taxation
Interest receivable
Interest payable

Profit before tax
Taxation

 Profit for the year

Attributable to:
Equity holders of the company
Non-controlling interest

Profit for the year
Profit per share – basic

Profit per share – diluted

Notes

2
3

3

1

4

1
13

7

5
8

27

10

10

2022
Revaluations 
and  
impairment
£’000

-
-

-

-

-

-

(60)

1,036

976
(89)

887
-
-

887
(30)

857

857
-

857

2022
Trading
£’000

95,111
(55,748)

39,363

(1,093)

38,270

(270)

-

-

38,000
-

38,000
174
(1,047)

37,127
(11,878)

25,249

16,755
8,494

25,249

2022
Total
£’000

95,111
(55,748)

39,363

2021
Trading
£’000

50,520
(45,492)

5,028

(2,571)

2,457

(121)

-

-

2,336
-

2,336

22
(799)

1,559
(453)

1,106

891
215

1,106

(1,093)

38,270

(270)

(60)

1,036

38,976
(89)

38,887

174
(1,047)

38,014
(11,908)

26,106

17,612
8,494

26,106

164.96p

164.96p

2021
Revaluations 
and  

impairment
£’000

-
-

-

-

-

-

255

812

1,067
(125)

942

-
-

942
(342)

600

600
-

600

2021
Total
£’000

50,520
(45,492)

5,028

(2,571)

2,457

(121)

255

812

3,403
(125)

3,278

22
(799)

2,501
(795)

1,706

1,491
215

1,706

13.96p

13.94p

Trading gains and losses reflect all the trading activity on mining and property operations and realised gains. Revaluation gains and 
losses reflects the revaluation of investment properties and other assets within the Group and any proportion of unrealised gains 
and losses within Joint Ventures. The total column represents the consolidated income statement presented in accordance with 
IAS 1. 

68 Bisichi PLC

 
Financial statements
Consolidated statement of other 
comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Profit for the year

Other comprehensive income/(expense):

Items that may be subsequently recycled to the income statement:
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

Other comprehensive income for the year net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the year net of tax

Attributable to: 

Equity shareholders
Non-controlling interest

2022
£’000

26,106

(43)

(43)

26,063

17,593
8,470

26,063

2021
£’000

1,706

(60)

(60)

1,646

1,439
207

1,646

Bisichi PLC 69

Financial statements
Consolidated balance sheet
at 31 December 2022

Assets

Non-current assets
Investment properties

Mining reserves, plant and equipment

Investments in joint ventures accounted for using equity method
Other investments at fair value through profit and loss (“FVPL”) 

Total non-current assets

Current assets
Inventories

Trade and other receivables

Investments in listed securities held at FVPL
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Current liabilities
  Borrowings

  Trade and other payables
  Current tax liabilities

Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities
  Borrowings

  Provision for rehabilitation

     Lease liabilities
  Deferred tax liabilities

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

70 Bisichi PLC

Notes

2022
£’000

2021
£’000

11

12

13
13

16

17

18

20

19

20

21

31
23

10,635

16,377

1,041
12,590

40,643

5,199

6,437

886
10,590

23,112

63,755

(3,795)

(13,282)
(4,256)

(21,333)

(3,930)

(1,715)

(344)
(872)

(6,861)

(28,194)

35,561

10,700

9,065

1,130
3,631

24,526

1,253

8,626

685
3,018

13,582

38,108

(2,666)

(10,743)
(726)

(14,135)

(3,853)

(1,390)

(389)
(506)

(6,138)

(20,273)

17,835

Financial statements Consolidated balance sheet

Equity
  Share capital

  Share premium account

  Translation reserve

  Other reserves
  Retained earnings

Total equity attributable to equity shareholders
Non-controlling interest

Total equity 

Notes

24

25

27

2022
£’000

1,068

258

2021
£’000

1,068

258

(2,559)

(2,540)

1,112
33,923

33,802

1,759

35,561

707
18,019

17,512

323

17,835

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board of directors on 26 April 2023 and signed on its 
behalf by:

A R Heller 
Director 

G J Casey 
Director

Company Registration No. 112155 

Bisichi PLC

7171

 
 
 
Financial statements
Consolidated statement of changes 
in shareholders’ equity
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Share
capital
£’000

1,068

Share
Premium
£’000

Translation
reserves
£’000

Other
reserves
£’000

258

(2,488)

707

Retained
earnings
£’000

16,528

Balance at 1 January 2021

Profit for the year
Other comprehensive expense

Total comprehensive expense 
for the year
Dividend (note 9)

-
-

-

-

-
-

-

-

-
(52)

(52)

-

-
-

-

-

Balance at 1 January 2022

1,068

258

(2,540)

707

Non-
controlling 
interest
£’000
116

215
(8)

207

Total
equity
£’000

16,189

1,706
(60)

1,646

-

-

323

17,835

8,494
(24)

26,106
(43)

8,470 26,063

Total
£’000

16,073

1,491
(52)

1,439

-

17,512

17,612
(19)

17,593

1,491
-

1,491

-

18,019

17,612
-

17,612

-
-

-

-

(1,708)

(1,708)

(7,034)

(8,742)

(142)
547

1,112

-
-

(142)
547

33,923

33,802

-
-

(142)
547
1,759 35,561

Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income 
for the year

Dividend (note 9)

Share options cancelled
Share options issued

-
-

-

-

-
-

-
-

-

-

-
-

-
(19)

(19)

-

-
-

Balance at 31 December 2022 1,068

258

(2,559)

72 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements
Consolidated cash flow statement
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating profit 
Adjustments for:
  Depreciation
  Unrealised loss/(gain) on investment properties
  Share based payment expense
  Gain on investments held at FVPL
  Exchange adjustments
Cash flow before working capital
Change in inventories
Change in trade and other receivables
Change in trade and other payables
Cash generated from operations
Interest received
Interest paid
Income tax paid
Cash flow from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of reserves, property, motor vehicles, plant and equipment
Disposal of reserves, property, motor vehicles, plant and equipment
Disposal of other investments
Acquisition of other investments
Cash flow from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Borrowings drawn
Borrowings and lease liabilities repaid
Equity dividends paid
Minority dividends paid
Cash flow from financing activities
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
Exchange adjustment
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December comprise:
  Cash and cash equivalents as presented in the balance sheet
  Bank overdrafts (secured)

Year ended
31 December
2022
£’000

Year ended
31 December
2021
£’000

38,976

3,403

1,093
60
405
(1,036)
270
39,768
(4,009)
2,307
1,114
39,180
175
(728)
(7,929)
30,698

(8,480)
20
2,083
(10,207)
(16,584)

524
(55)
(641)
(7,034)
(7,206)
6,908
482
(25)
7,365

10,590
(3,225)
7,365

2,571
(255)
-
(812)
121
5,028
2,105
(1,900)
192
5,425
22
(799)
(216)
4,432

(1,781)
-
705
(1,630)
(2,706)

46
(317)
-
-
(271)
1,455
(1,078)
105
482

3,018
(2,536)
482

Bisichi PLC

7373

Financial statements
Group accounting policies
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Basis of accounting 
The results for the year ended 31 
December 2022 have been prepared in 
accordance with UK-adopted 
international accounting standards in 
conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006. In applying the 
Group’s accounting policies and 
assessing areas of judgment and 
estimation materiality is applied as 

detailed on page 55 of the Audit 
Committee Report. The principal 
accounting policies are described below:

The Group financial statements are 
presented in £ sterling and all values are 
rounded to the nearest thousand pounds 
(£000) except when otherwise stated. 

The functional currency for each entity in 
the Group, and for joint arrangements 

and associates, is the currency of the 
country in which the entity has been 
incorporated. Details of which country 
each entity has been incorporated can be 
found in note 15 for subsidiaries and note 
14 for joint arrangements and associates. 

The exchange rates used in the accounts 
were as follows:

Year-end rate
Annual average

£1 Sterling: Rand
2022

2021 

£1 Sterling: Dollar
2022 

2021 

20.5785
20.1929

20.7672
20.4060

1.2102
1.2967

1.3706
1.3685

Going concern
The Group has prepared cash flow 
forecasts which demonstrate that the 
Group has sufficient resources to meet 
its liabilities as they fall due for at least 
the next 12 months from date of signing. 

In South Africa, a structured trade finance 
facility with Absa Bank Limited for 
R85million is held by Sisonke Coal 
Processing (Pty) Limited, a 100% 
subsidiary of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) 
Limited. This facility comprises of a 
R85million revolving facility to cover the 
working capital requirements of the 
Group’s South African operations. The 
facility is renewable annually and is 
secured against inventory, debtors and 
cash that are held in the Group’s South 
African operations. The Directors do not 
foresee any reason why the facility will 
not continue to be renewed at the next 
renewal date, in line with prior periods 
and based on their banking relationships. 

The directors expect that coal market 
conditions for the Group’ will remain at a 
stable and profitable level through 2023. 

The directors therefore have a reasonable 
expectation that the mine will achieve 
positive levels of cash generation for the 
Group in 2023. As a consequence, the 
directors believe that the Group is well 
placed to manage its South African 
business risks successfully. 

In the UK, forecasts demonstrate that the 
Group has sufficient resources to meet 
its liabilities as they fall due for at least 
the next 12 months, from the approval of 
the financial statements, including those 
related to the Group’s UK Loan facility 
outlined below. 

The Group holds a 5 year term facility of 
£3.9m with Julian Hodge Bank Limited at 
an initial LTV of 40%. The loan is secured 
against the company’s UK retail property 
portfolio. The amount repayable on the 
loan at year end was £3.9million. The 
debt package has a five year term and is 
repayable at the end of the term in 
December 2024. The overall interest cost 
of the loan is 4.00% above the Bank of 
England base rate. All covenants on the 
loan were met during the year and the 

74 Bisichi PLC

directors have a reasonable expectation 
that the Group has adequate financial 
resources at short notice, including cash 
and listed equity investments, to ensure 
the existing facility’s covenants are met 
on an ongoing basis. 

Dragon Retail Properties Limited 
(“Dragon”), the Group’s 50% owned joint 
venture, holds a Santander bank loan of 
£1.143million secured against its 
investment property, see note 14. The 
bank loan is secured by way of a first 
charge on specific freehold property at a 
value of £2.03 million. The interest cost 
of the loan is 2.75 per cent above the 
bank’s base rate. A refinancing of this 
loan is currently underway. The loan 
originally expired in September 2020, but 
has been extended to October 2023. 
Santander have indicated that they are 
willing to provide a new term loan and we 
expect to complete this in the near future.

Financial statements Group accounting policies

In 2022 a disconnect in global energy 
markets resulted in higher global energy 
prices. Although the volatility in global 
energy markets in 2023 is uncertain, the 
Directors at present do not foresee 
events having a significant negative 
impact on the Group’s UK and South 
African operations ability to remain in 
operation for the foreseeable future. 

As a result of the banking facilities held 
as well as the acceptable levels of cash 
expected to be held by the Group over 
the next 12 months, the Directors believe 
that the Group has adequate resources 
to continue in operational existence for 
the foreseeable future and that the Group 
is well placed to manage its business 
risks. Thus they continue to adopt the 
going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial 
statements.

International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRS)
The Group has adopted all of the new 
and revised Standards and Interpretations 
issued by the International Accounting 
Standards Board (“IASB”) that are 
relevant to its operations and effective for 
accounting periods beginning 1 January 
2022. 

A number of new standards, amendments 
to standards and interpretations have 
been issued but are not yet effective for 
the Group. The Group has not adopted 
any Standards or Interpretations in 
advance of the required implementation 
dates. The application of these new 
standards, amendments and 
interpretations are not expected to have a 
significant impact on the Group’s income 
statement or balance sheet.

We are committed to improving 
disclosure and transparency and will 
continue to work with our different 
stakeholders to ensure they understand 
the detail of these accounting changes. 
We continue to remain committed to a 
robust financial policy.

Key judgements and estimates
Areas where key estimates and 
judgements are considered to have a 
significant effect on the amounts 
recognised in the financial statements 
include: 

Life of mine and reserves
The directors consider their judgements 
and estimates surrounding the life of the 
mine and its reserves to have significant 
effect on the amounts recognised in the 
financial statements and to be an area 
where the financial statements are 
subject to significant estimation 
uncertainty. The life of mine remaining is 
currently estimated at 7 years. This life of 
mine is based on the Group’s existing 
coal reserves including reserves acquired 
but subject to regulatory approval. The 
Group actively seeks and evaluates new 
opportunities to extend the life of its 
existing mining and processing 
operations in South Africa. The life of 
mine excludes future coal purchases and 
coal reserve acquisitions. The Group’s 
estimates of proven and probable 
reserves are prepared utilising the South 
African code for the reporting of 
exploration results, mineral resources and 
mineral reserves (the SAMREC code) and 
are subject to assessment by an 
independent Competent Person 
experienced in the field of coal geology 
and specifically opencast and pillar coal 
extraction. Estimates of coal reserves 
impact assessments of the carrying value 
of property, plant and equipment, 
depreciation calculations and 
rehabilitation and decommissioning 
provisions. There are numerous 
uncertainties inherent in estimating coal 
reserves and changes to these 
assumptions may result in restatement of 
reserves. These assumptions include 
geotechnical factors as well as economic 
factors such as commodity prices, 
production costs, coal demand outlook 
and yield.

Depreciation, amortisation of mineral 
rights, mining development costs and 
plant & equipment
The annual depreciation/amortisation 
charge is dependent on estimates, 
including coal reserves and the related 
life of mine, expected development 
expenditure for probable reserves, the 
allocation of certain assets to relevant ore 
reserves and estimates of residual values 
of the processing plant. The charge can 
fluctuate when there are significant 
changes in any of the factors or 
assumptions used, such as estimating 
mineral reserves which in turn affects the 
life of mine or the expected life of 
reserves. Estimates of proven and 
probable reserves are prepared by an 
independent Competent Person. 
Assessments of depreciation/
amortisation rates against the estimated 
reserve base are performed regularly. 
Details of the depreciation/amortisation 
charge can be found in note 12.

Provision for mining rehabilitation 
including restoration and de-
commissioning costs 
A provision for future rehabilitation 
including restoration and 
decommissioning costs requires 
estimates and assumptions to be made 
around the relevant regulatory 
framework, the timing, extent and costs 
of the rehabilitation activities and of the 
risk free rates used to determine the 
present value of the future cash outflows. 
The provisions, including the estimates 
and assumptions contained therein, are 
reviewed regularly by management. The 
Group annually engages an independent 
expert to assess the cost of restoration and 
final decommissioning as part of 
management’s assessment of the provision. 
Details of the provision for mining 
rehabilitation can be found in note 21. 

Bisichi PLC

7575

Financial statements Group accounting policies

Impairment 
Property, plant and equipment 
representing the Group’s mining assets in 
South Africa are reviewed for impairment 
when there are indicators of impairment. 
The impairment test is performed using 
the approved Life of Mine plan and those 
future cash flow estimates are discounted 
using asset specific discount rates and 
are based on expectations about future 
operations. The impairment test requires 
estimates about production and sales 
volumes, commodity prices, proven and 
probable reserves (as assessed by the 
Competent Person), operating costs and 
capital expenditures necessary to extract 
reserves in the approved Life of Mine 
plan. Changes in such estimates could 
impact recoverable values of these 
assets. Details of the carrying value of 
property, plant and equipment can be 
found in note 12. 

The impairment test indicated significant 
headroom as at 31 December 2022 and 
therefore no impairment is considered 
appropriate. The key assumptions 
include: coal prices, including domestic 
coal prices based on recent pricing and 
assessment of market forecasts for 
export coal; production based on proven 
and probable reserves assessed by the 
independent Competent Person and 
yields associated with mining areas 
based on assessments by the Competent 
Person and empirical data. An 28% 
reduction in average forecast coal prices 
or a 31% reduction in yield would give 
rise to a breakeven scenario. However, 
the directors consider the forecasted 
yield levels and pricing to be appropriate 
and supportable best estimates.

Fair value measurements of 
investment properties 
An assessment of the fair value of 
investment properties, is required to be 
performed. In such instances, fair value 
measurements are estimated based on 
the amounts for which the assets and 
liabilities could be exchanged between 
market participants. To the extent 
possible, the assumptions and inputs 
used take into account externally 
verifiable inputs. However, such 
information is by nature subject to 
uncertainty. The fair value of investment 
property is set out in note 11, whilst the 
carrying value of investments in joint 
ventures which themselves include 
investment property held at fair value by 
the joint venture is set out at note 13. 

Measurement of development property
The development property included 
within the Group’s joint venture 
investment in West Ealing Projects limited 
is considered by Management to fall 
outside the scope of investment property. 
A property intended for sale in the 
ordinary course of business or in the 
process of construction or development 
for such sale, for example, property 
acquired exclusively with a view to 
subsequent disposal in the near future or 
for development and resale is expected to 
be recorded under the accounting 
standard of IAS 2 Inventories. The 
directors have discussed the commercial 
approach with the directors of the 
underlying joint venture and the current 
plan is to sell or to complete the 
development and sell. The Directors 
therefore consider the key judgement of 
accounting treatment of the property 
development under IAS 2 Inventories to 
be correct. 

IAS 2 Inventories require the capitalised 
costs to be held at the lower of cost or 
net realisable value. At 31 December 
2022, the costs capitalised within the 
development based on a director’s 
appraisal for the property estimated the 
net realisable value at a surplus over the 
cost for the development. The directors 
have reviewed the underlying inputs and 
key assumptions made in the appraisal 
and consider them adequate. However, 
such information is by nature subject to 
uncertainty. The cost of the development 
property is set out in note 14. 

Basis of consolidation
The Group accounts incorporate the 
accounts of Bisichi PLC and all of its 
subsidiary undertakings, together with 
the Group’s share of the results of its joint 
ventures. Non-controlling interests in 
subsidiaries are presented separately 
from the equity attributable to equity 
owners of the parent company. On 
acquisition of a non-wholly owned 
subsidiary, the non-controlling 
shareholders’ interests are initially 
measured at the non-controlling interests’ 
proportionate share of the fair value of 
the subsidiaries net assets. Thereafter, 
the carrying amount of non-controlling 
interests is the amount of those interests 
at initial recognition plus the non-
controlling interests’ share of subsequent 
changes in equity. For subsequent 
changes in ownership in a subsidiary that 
do not result in a loss of control, the 
consideration paid or received is 
recognised entirely in equity. 

76 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Group accounting policies

The definition of control assumes the 
simultaneous fulfilment of the following 
three criteria:
••   The parent company holds decision-

making power over the relevant 
activities of the investee,

••   The parent company has rights to 

variable returns from the investee, and

••   The parent company can use its 

decision-making power to affect the 
variable returns.

Investees are analysed for their relevant 
activities and variable returns, and the 
link between the variable returns and the 
extent to which their relevant activities 
could be influenced in order to ensure the 
definition is correctly applied. 

Revenue
The Group’s revenue from contracts with 
customers, as defined under IFRS 15, 
includes coal revenue and service charge 
income. 

Coal revenue is derived principally from 
export revenue and domestic revenue. 

Both export revenue and domestic 
revenue is recognised when the customer 
has a legally binding obligation to settle 
under the terms of the contract when the 
performance obligations have been 
satisfied, which is once control of the 
goods has transferred to the buyer at the 
delivery point. For export revenue this is 
generally recognised when the product is 
delivered to the export terminal location 
specified in the customer contract, at 
which point control of the goods have 
been transferred to the customer. For 
domestic coal revenues this is generally 
recognised on collection by the customer 
from the mine or from the mine’s rail 
siding when loaded into transport, where 
the customer pays the transportation 
costs. Fulfilment costs to satisfy the 
performance obligations of coal revenues 
such as transport and loading costs borne 
by the Group from the mine to the delivery 
point are recoded in operating costs.  

Coal revenue is measured based on 
consideration specified in the contract 
with a customer on a per metric tonne 
basis. Both export and domestic contracts 
are typically on a specified coal volume 
basis and less than a year in duration. 
Export contracts are typically linked to the 
price of Free on Board (FOB) Coal from 
Richards Bay Coal Terminal (API4 price). 
Domestic contracts are typically linked to 
a contractual price agreed. 

Service charges recoverable from tenants 
are recognised over time as the service is 
rendered. 

Lease property rental income, as defined 
under IFRS 16, is recognised in the Group 
income statement on a straight-line basis 
over the term of the lease. This includes 
the effect of lease incentives.

Expenditure
Expenditure is recognised in respect of 
goods and services received. Where coal 
is purchased from third parties at point of 
extraction the expenditure is only 
recognised when the coal is extracted 
and all of the significant risks and 
rewards of ownership have been 
transferred.

Investment properties
Investment properties comprise freehold 
and long leasehold land and buildings. 
Investment properties are carried at fair 
value in accordance with IAS 40 
‘Investment Properties’. Properties are 
recognised as investment properties 
when held for long-term rental yields, and 
after consideration has been given to a 
number of factors including length of 
lease, quality of tenant and covenant, 
value of lease, management intention for 
future use of property, planning consents 
and percentage of property leased. 
Investment properties are revalued 
annually by professional external 
surveyors and included in the balance 
sheet at their fair value. Gains or losses 
arising from changes in the fair values of 
assets are recognised in the consolidated 

income statement in the period to which 
they relate. In accordance with IAS 40, 
investment properties are not 
depreciated. The fair value of the head 
leases is the net present value of the 
current head rent payable on leasehold 
properties until the expiry of the lease.

Mining reserves, plant and 
equipment and development cost
The cost of property, plant and equipment 
comprises its purchase price and any 
costs directly attributable to bringing the 
asset to the location and condition 
necessary for it to be capable of 
operating in accordance with agreed 
specifications. Freehold land included 
within mining reserves is not depreciated. 
Other property, plant and equipment is 
stated at historical cost less accumulated 
depreciation. The cost recognised 
includes the recognition of any 
decommissioning assets related to 
property, plant and equipment. 

The purpose of mine development is to 
establish secure working conditions and 
infrastructure to allow the safe and 
efficient extraction of recoverable reserves. 
Depreciation on mine development costs is 
not charged until production commences 
or the assets are put to use. On 
commencement of full commercial 
production, depreciation is charged over 
the life of the associated mine reserves 
extractable using the asset on a unit of 
production basis. The unit of production 
calculation is based on tonnes mined as a 
ratio to proven and probable reserves and 
also includes future forecast capital 
expenditure. The cost recognised includes 
the recognition of any decommissioning 
assets related to mine development. 

Bisichi PLC

7777

Financial statements Group accounting policies

The Group depreciates deferred costs 
capitalised as stripping assets on a unit  
of production method, with reference the 
tons mined and reserve of the relevant 
ore body component or phase. The cost 
is recognised within Mine development 
costs within the balance sheet.

Other assets and depreciation
The cost, less estimated residual value,  
of other property, plant and equipment is 
written off on a straight-line basis over 
the asset’s expected useful life. This 
includes the washing plant and other key 
surface infrastructure. Residual values 
and useful lives are reviewed, and 
adjusted if appropriate, at each balance 
sheet date. Changes to the estimated 
residual values or useful lives are 
accounted for prospectively. Heavy 
surface mining and other plant and 
equipment is depreciated at varying  
rates depending upon its expected usage.

The depreciation rates generally applied 
are: 

Mining 
equipment 

5 – 10 per cent per annum 
of the earlier of its useful 
life or the life of the mine

Motor  
vehicles

Office 
equipment

25 – 33 per cent per 
annum

10 – 33 per cent per annum

Provisions and contingent liabilities
Provisions are recognised when the 
Group has a present obligation as a result 
of a past event which it is probable will 
result in an outflow of economic benefits 
that can be reliably estimated.

A provision for rehabilitation of the mine 
is initially recorded at present value and 
the discounting effect is unwound over 
time as a finance cost. Changes to the 
provision as a result of changes in 
estimates are recorded as an increase / 
decrease in the provision and associated 
decommissioning asset. The 
decommissioning asset is depreciated in 
line with the Group’s depreciation policy 
over the life of mine. The provision 
includes the restoration of the 
underground, opencast, surface 
operations and de-commissioning of plant 
and equipment. The timing and final cost 
of the rehabilitation is uncertain and will 
depend on the duration of the mine life 
and the quantities of coal extracted from 
the reserves. 

Management exercises judgment in 
measuring the Group’s exposures to 
contingent liabilities through assessing 
the likelihood that a potential claim or 
liability will arise and where possible in 
quantifying the possible range of financial 
outcomes. Where there is a dispute and 
where a reliable estimate of the potential 
liability cannot be made, or where the 
Group, based on legal advice, considers 
that it is improbable that there will be an 
outflow of economic resources, no 
provision is recognised.

Post production stripping
In surface mining operations, the Group 
may find it necessary to remove waste 
materials to gain access to coal reserves 
prior to and after production commences. 
Prior to production commencing, stripping 
costs are capitalised until the point where 
the overburden has been removed and 
access to the coal seam commences. 
Subsequent to production, waste stripping 
continues as part of extraction process as 
a mining production activity. There are two 
benefits accruing to the Group from 
stripping activity during the production 
phase: extraction of coal that can be used 
to produce inventory and improved 
access to further quantities of material 
that will be mined in future periods. 
Economic coal extracted is accounted for 
as inventory. The production stripping 
costs relating to improved access to 
further quantities in future periods are 
capitalised as a stripping activity asset,  
if and only if, all of the following are met:

••   it is probable that the future economic 
benefit associated with the stripping 
activity will flow to the Group;

••   the Group can identify the component 
of the ore body for which access has 
been improved; and

••   the costs relating to the stripping 

activity associated with that component 
or components can be measured 
reliably.

In determining the relevant component  
of the coal reserve for which access is 
improved, the Group componentises its 
mine into geographically distinct sections 
or phases to which the stripping activities 
being undertaken within that component 
are allocated. Such phases are 
determined based on assessment  
of factors such as geology and mine 
planning.

78 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Group accounting policies

Employee benefits
Share based remuneration
The company operates a share option 
scheme. The fair value of the share 
option scheme is determined at the date 
of grant. This fair value is then expensed 
on a straight-line basis over the vesting 
period, based on an estimate of the 
number of shares that will eventually vest. 
The fair value of options granted is 
calculated using a binomial or Black-
Scholes-Merton model. Payments made 
to employees on the cancellation or 
settlement of options granted are 
accounted for as the repurchase of an 
equity interest, i.e. as a deduction from 
equity. Details of the share options in 
issue are disclosed in the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report on page 41 under 
the heading Share option schemes which 
is within the audited part of that report. 

Pensions 
The Group operates a defined 
contribution pension scheme. The 
contributions payable to the scheme are 
expensed in the period to which they 
relate.

Foreign currencies
Monetary assets and liabilities are 
translated at year end exchange rates 
and the resulting exchange rate 
differences are included in the 
consolidated income statement within the 
results of operating activities if arising 
from trading activities, including inter-
company trading balances and within 
finance cost/income if arising from 
financing.

For consolidation purposes, income and 
expense items are included in the 
consolidated income statement at 
average rates, and assets and liabilities 
are translated at year end exchange 
rates. Translation differences arising on 
consolidation are recognised in other 
comprehensive income. Foreign 
exchange differences on intercompany 
loans are recorded in other 
comprehensive income when the loans 
are not considered as trading balances 
and are not expected to be repaid in the 
foreseeable future. Where foreign 
operations are disposed of, the 
cumulative exchange differences of that 
foreign operation are recognised in the 
consolidated income statement when the 
gain or loss on disposal is recognised. 

Transactions in foreign currencies are 
translated at the exchange rate ruling on 
the transaction date. 

Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities 
are recognised in the Group’s 
consolidated statement of financial 
position when the Group becomes a 
party to the contractual provisions of the 
instrument. 

Financial assets
Financial assets are classified as either 
financial assets at amortised cost, at fair 
value through other comprehensive 
income (“FVTOCI”) or at fair value through 
profit or loss (“FVPL”) depending upon  
the business model for managing the 
financial assets and the nature of the 
contractual cash flow characteristics  
of the financial asset. 

A loss allowance for expected credit 
losses is determined for all financial 
assets, other than those at FVPL, at the 
end of each reporting period. The Group 
applies a simplified approach to measure 
the credit loss allowance for trade 
receivables using the lifetime expected 
credit loss provision. The lifetime 
expected credit loss is evaluated for  
each trade receivable taking into account 
payment history, payments made 
subsequent to year end and prior to 
reporting, past default experience and 
the impact of any other relevant and 
current observable data. The Group 
applies a general approach on all other 
receivables classified as financial assets. 
The general approach recognises lifetime 
expected credit losses when there has 
been a significant increase in credit risk 
since initial recognition.

The Group derecognises a financial asset 
when the contractual rights to the cash 
flows from the asset expire, or when it 
transfers the financial asset and 
substantially all the risks and rewards of 
ownership of the asset to another party. 
The Group derecognises financial 
liabilities when the Group’s obligations 
are discharged, cancelled or have 
expired.

Bisichi PLC

7979

Financial statements Group accounting policies

Bank loans and overdrafts
Bank loans and overdrafts are included 
as financial liabilities on the Group 
balance sheet at the amounts drawn on 
the particular facilities net of the 
unamortised cost of financing. Interest 
payable on those facilities is expensed as 
finance cost in the period to which it 
relates.

Lease liabilities
For any new contracts entered into the 
Group considers whether a contract is, or 
contains a lease. A lease is defined as ‘a 
contract, or part of a contract, that 
conveys the right to use an asset (the 
underlying asset) for a period of time in 
exchange for consideration’. To apply this 
definition the Group assesses whether 
the contract contains an identified asset 
and has the right to obtain substantially 
all of the economic benefits from use of 
the identified asset throughout the period 
of use. 

At lease commencement date, the Group 
recognises a right-of-use asset and a 
lease liability on the balance sheet. 

Right-of-use assets, excluding property 
head leases, have been included in 
property, plant and equipment and are 
measured at cost, which is made up of 
the initial measurement of the lease 
liability and any initial direct costs 
incurred by the Group. The Group 
depreciates the right-of-use assets on a 
straight-line basis from the lease 
commencement date to the earlier of the 
end of the useful life of the right-of-use 
asset or the end of the lease term.

At the commencement date, the Group 
measures the lease liability at the present 
value of the lease payments unpaid at 
that date, discounted using the interest 
rate implicit in the lease if that rate is 
readily available or the Group’s 
incremental borrowing rate. Liabilities 
relating to short term leases are included 
within trade and other payables.

80 Bisichi PLC

Lease payments included in the 
measurement of the lease liability are 
made up of fixed payments and variable 
payments based on an index or rate, 
initially measured using the index or rate 
at the commencement date. Subsequent 
to initial measurement, the liability will be 
reduced for payments made and 
increased for interest. It is re-measured to 
reflect any reassessment or modification. 
When the lease liability is re-measured, 
the corresponding adjustment is reflected 
in the right-of-use asset, or profit and loss 
if the right-of-use asset is already 
reduced to zero.

Lease liabilities that arise for investment 
properties held under a leasehold interest 
and accounted for as investment property 
are initially calculated as the present 
value of the minimum lease payments, 
reducing in subsequent reporting periods 
by the apportionment of payments to the 
lessor.

The Group has elected to account for 
short-term leases and leases of low-value 
assets using the practical expedients 
available in IFRS 16. Instead of 
recognising a right-of-use asset and 
lease liability, the payments in relation to 
these are recognised as an expense in 
profit or loss on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term.

Investments
Current financial asset investments and 
other investments classified as non-
current (“The investments”) comprise of 
shares in listed companies. The 
investments are measured at fair value. 
Any changes in fair value are recognised 
in the profit or loss account and 
accumulated in retained earnings. 

Trade receivables
Trade receivables are accounted for at 
amortised cost. Trade receivables do not 
carry any interest and are stated at their 
nominal value as reduced by appropriate 
expected credit loss allowances for 
estimated recoverable amounts as the 
interest that would be recognised from 
discounting future cash payments over 
the short payment period is not 
considered to be material.

Trade payables
Trade payables cost are not interest 
bearing and are stated at their nominal 
value, as the interest that would be 
recognised from discounting future cash 
payments over the short payment period 
is not considered to be material.

Other financial assets and liabilities
The Group’s other financial assets and 
liabilities not disclosed above are 
accounted for at amortised cost.

Joint ventures
Investments in joint ventures, being those 
entities over whose activities the Group 
has joint control, as established by 
contractual agreement, are included at 
cost together with the Group’s share of 
post-acquisition reserves, on an equity 
basis. Dividends received are credited 
against the investment. Joint control is 
the contractually agreed sharing of 
control over an arrangement, which exists 
only when decisions about relevant 
strategic and/or key operating decisions 
require unanimous consent of the parties 
sharing control. Control over the 
arrangement is assessed by the Group in 
accordance with the definition of control 
under IFRS 10. Loans to joint ventures are 
classified as non-current assets when 
they are not expected to be received in 
the normal working capital cycle. Trading 
receivables and payables to joint ventures 
are classified as current assets and 
liabilities.

Financial statements Group accounting policies

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost 
and net realisable value. Cost includes 
materials, direct labour and overheads 
relevant to the stage of production. Cost 
is determined using the weighted average 
method. Net realisable value is based on 
estimated selling price less all further 
costs of completion and all relevant 
marketing, selling and distribution costs. 

Impairment
Whenever events or changes in 
circumstance indicate that the carrying 
amount of an asset may not be 
recoverable an asset is reviewed for 
impairment. This includes mining 
reserves, plant and equipment and net 
investments in joint ventures. A review 
involves determining whether the carrying 
amounts are in excess of their 
recoverable amounts. An asset’s 
recoverable amount is determined as the 
higher of its fair value less costs of 
disposal and its value in use. Such 
reviews are undertaken on an asset-by-
asset basis, except where assets do not 
generate cash flows independent of other 
assets, in which case the review is 
undertaken on a cash generating unit 
basis.

If the carrying amount of an asset 
exceeds its recoverable amount an 
asset’s carrying value is written down to 
its estimated recoverable amount (being 
the higher of the fair value less cost to 
sell and value in use) if that is less than 
the asset’s carrying amount. Any change 
in carrying value is recognised in the 
comprehensive income statement.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is the tax expected to be 
payable or recoverable on differences 
between the carrying amounts of assets 
and liabilities in the financial statements 
and the corresponding tax bases used in 
the tax computations, and is accounted 
for using the balance sheet liability 
method. Deferred tax liabilities are 
generally recognised for all taxable 
temporary differences and deferred tax 
assets are recognised to the extent that it 
is probable that taxable profits will be 
available against which deductible 
temporary differences can be utilised. In 
respect of the deferred tax on the 
revaluation surplus, this is calculated on 
the basis of the chargeable gains that 
would crystallise on the sale of the 
investment portfolio as at the reporting 
date. The calculation takes account of 
indexation on the historical cost of the 
properties and any available capital 
losses.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates 
that are expected to apply in the period 
when the liability is settled or the asset is 
realised. Deferred tax is charged or 
credited in the Group income statement, 
except when it relates to items charged or 
credited directly to other comprehensive 
income, in which case it is also dealt with 
in other comprehensive income.

Dividends
Dividends payable on the ordinary share 
capital are recognised as a liability in the 
period in which they are approved.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash comprises cash in hand and 
on-demand deposits. Cash and cash 
equivalents comprises short-term, highly 
liquid investments that are readily 
convertible to known amounts of cash 
and which are subject to an insignificant 
risk of changes in value and original 
maturities of three months or less. The 
cash and cash equivalents shown in the 
cashflow statement are stated net of 
bank overdrafts that are repayable on 
demand as per IAS 7. This includes the 
structured trade finance facility held in 
South Africa as detailed in note 22. 
These facilities are considered to form an 
integral part of the treasury management 
of the Group and can fluctuate from 
positive to negative balances during the 
period.

Segmental reporting
For management reporting purposes, the 
Group is organised into business 
segments distinguishable by economic 
activity. The Group’s material business 
segments are mining activities and 
investment properties. These business 
segments are subject to risks and returns 
that are different from those of other 
business segments and are the primary 
basis on which the Group reports its 
segment information. This is consistent 
with the way the Group is managed and 
with the format of the Group’s internal 
financial reporting. Significant revenue 
from transactions with any individual 
customer, which makes up 10 percent or 
more of the total revenue of the Group, is 
separately disclosed within each 
segment. All coal exports are sales to 
coal traders at Richard Bay’s terminal in 
South Africa with the risks and rewards 
passing to the coal trader at the terminal. 
Whilst the coal traders will ultimately sell 
the coal on the international markets the 
Company has no visibility over the 
ultimate destination of the coal. 
Accordingly, the export sales are 
recorded as South African revenue.

Bisichi PLC

8181

Financial statements
Notes to the financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2022

1. SEGMENTAL REPORTING 

Business analysis 

Significant revenue customer A

Significant revenue customer B

Significant revenue customer C
Other revenue 

Segment revenue 

Operating profit before fair value adjustments 
& exchange movements
Revaluation of investments & exchange movements

Operating profit and segment result

Segment assets

Unallocated assets
  – Non-current assets
  – Cash & cash equivalents

Total assets excluding investment in joint ventures and assets held for sale

Segment liabilities
Borrowings

Total liabilities

Net assets

Non segmental assets
  – Investment in joint ventures 

Net assets as per balance sheet 

Geographic analysis

Revenue

Operating (loss)/profit and segment result

Depreciation

Non-current assets excluding investments

Total net assets
Capital expenditure

82 Bisichi PLC

Mining
£’000

57,381

29,934

2,167
3,931

93,413

37,033

(270)

36,763

25,911

2022

Property
£’000

-

-

-
1,108

1,108

652

(60)

592

12,682

Other
£’000

-

-

-
590

590

585

1,036

1,621

13,478

(17,928)
(3,845)

(21,773)

(2,536)
(3,880)

(6,416)

(5)
-

(5)

United
Kingdom
£’000

1,698

(3,696)

(41)

10,688

28,285
46

South
Africa
£’000

93,413

42,672

(1,052)

16,324

7,276
8,434

Total 
£’000

57,381

29,934

2,167
5,629

95,111

38,270

706

38,976

52,071

53
10,590

62,714

(20,469)
(7,725)

(28,194)

34,520

1,041

35,561

Total
£’000

95,111

38,976

(1,093)

27,012

35,561
8,480

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

1. SEGMENTAL REPORTING CONTINUED

Business analysis 

Significant revenue customer A

Significant revenue customer B

Significant revenue customer C
Other revenue 

Segment revenue 

Operating profit before fair value adjustments 
& exchange movements
Revaluation of investments & exchange movements

Operating profit and segment result

Segment assets

Unallocated assets
  – Non-current assets
  – Cash & cash equivalents

Total assets excluding investment in joint ventures and assets held for sale

Segment liabilities
Borrowings

Total liabilities

Net assets

Non segmental assets
  – Investment in joint ventures 

Net assets as per balance sheet 

Geographic analysis

Revenue

Operating profit and segment result

Depreciation

Non-current assets excluding investments

Total net assets
Capital expenditure

Mining
£’000

23,206

12,656

6,169
7,195

49,226

1,695

(121)

1,574

17,350

2021

Property
£’000

Other
£’000

-

-

-
1,119

1,119

592

255

847

12,242

-

-

-
175

175

170

812

982

4,319

(12,227)
(2,680)

(14,907)

(1,522)
(3,839)

(5,361)

(5)
-

(5)

United
Kingdom
£’000

1,294

687

(32)

10,748

14,400
35

South
Africa
£’000

49,222

2,716

(2,539)

9,018

3,435
1,781

Total 
£’000

23,206

12,656

6,169
8,489

50,520

2,457

946

3,403

33,911

48
3,018

36,977

(13,754)
(6,519)

(20,273)

16,704

1,131

17,835

Total
£’000

50,516

3,403

(2,571)

19,766

17,835
1,816

Bisichi PLC

8383

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

2. REVENUE

Revenue from contracts with customers:

Coal sales and processing

Service charges recoverable from tenants

Other:
Rental income
Other revenue

Revenue 

2022
£’000 

2021 
£’000

93,413

98

1,010
590

95,111

49,226

130

989
175

50,520

Segmental mining revenue is derived principally from coal sales and is recognised once the control of the goods has transferred 
from the Group to the buyer. Segmental property revenue is derived from rental income and service charges recoverable from 
tenants. This is consistent with the revenue information disclosed for each reportable segment (see note 1). Rental income is 
recognised on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Service charges recoverable from tenants are recognised over time 
as the service is rendered. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with the customer or tenant. 

3. OPERATING COSTS

Mining

Property

Cost of sales
Administration

Operating costs 

The direct property costs are:

  Direct property expense
  Bad debts

2022
£’000 

43,209

269

43,478
13,363

56,841

250
19

269

2021 
£’000

38,008

400

38,408
9,655

48,063

351
49

400

Operating costs above include depreciation of £1,093,000 (2021: £2,571,000).

4. (LOSS)/GAIN ON REVALUATION OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES
The reconciliation of the investment (deficit)/surplus to the gain on revaluation of investment properties in the income statement is 
set out below:

Investment (deficit)/surplus 
Loss on valuation movement in respect of head lease payments

(Loss)/Gain on revaluation of investment properties

84 Bisichi PLC

2022
£’000 

(60)
(5)

(65)

2021 
£’000 

255
(26)

229

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

5. PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION
Profit before taxation is arrived at after charging:

Staff costs (see note 29)

Depreciation

Exchange loss

Fees payable to the company’s auditor for the audit of the company’s annual accounts

Fees payable to the company’s auditor and its associates for other services:

  The audit of the company’s subsidiaries pursuant to legislation

  Audit related services

  Non-audit related services
 (Increase)/Decrease in value of Inventory

2022
£’000 

11,991

1,093

(270)

50

43

-

-
(4,009)

2021 
£’000 

7,491

2,571

(121)

51

37

-

-
2,105

The directors consider the auditors were best placed to provide the above non-audit and audit related services which refer to 
regulatory matters. The audit committee reviews the nature and extent of non-audit services to ensure that independence is 
maintained.

6. DIRECTORS’ EMOLUMENTS
Directors’ emoluments are shown in the Directors’ remuneration report on page 40 which is within the audited part of that report.

7. INTEREST PAYABLE

On bank overdrafts and bank loans

Unwinding of discount

Lease liabilities
Other interest payable

Interest payable 

2022
£’000 

507

319

25
196

1,047

2021
£’000 

554

-

29
216

799

Bisichi PLC

8585

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

8. TAXATION

(a) Based on the results for the year:
Current tax - UK

Current tax - Overseas
Corporation tax - adjustment in respect of prior year – UK

Current tax
Deferred tax

Total tax in income statement charge 

2022
£’000 

2021
£’000 

-

11,520
-

11,520
388

11,908

-

750
-

750
45

795

(b) Factors affecting tax charge for the year:
The corporation tax assessed for the year is different from that at the standard rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom of 
19.00% (2021: 19%).
The differences are explained below:

Profit/ Loss on ordinary activities before taxation

Tax on profit/ loss on ordinary activities at 19.00% (2021: 19.00%)

Effects of:

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes

Capital gains\(losses) on disposal

Differences in tax rates to UK Tax rate

Other differences
Adjustment in respect of prior years

Total tax in income statement (credit) / charge

(c) Analysis of United Kingdom and overseas tax:
United Kingdom tax included in above:

Current tax
Deferred tax

Overseas tax included in above:

Current tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years

Current tax
Deferred tax

38,014

7,223

280

14

4,491

(100)
-

11,908

-
(937)

(937)

11,520
-

11,520
1,325

12,845

2,501

475

49

20

260

(9)
-

795

-
152

152

750
-

750
(107)

643

Overseas tax is derived from the Group’s South African mining operation. Refer to note 1 for a report on the Groups’ mining and 
South African segmental reporting. The adjustment to tax rate arises due to the deferred tax rate used in the UK for the year of 
25% (2021: 25%) and the corporation tax rate assessed in South Africa for the year of 28% (2021: 28%) being different from 
the corporation tax rate in the UK. 

86 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

9. SHAREHOLDER DIVIDENDS

Dividends paid during the year relating to the prior period

Dividends relating to the current period:

Interim dividend

Proposed final dividend
Proposed special dividend

2022 
Per share

6p

10p

4p
8p

22p

2022 
£’000

641

1,067

427
854

2,348

2021
Per share

2021 
£’000

-

-

4p
2p

6p

-

-

427
214

641

The interim dividend for 2022 was approved by the Board on 30th August 2022, paid on 3rd February 2023 and accounted for as 
payable as at 31 December 2022. The total dividends to shareholders accounted during the year of £1,708,000 (2021: £Nil) comprise 
of dividends paid during the year relating to the prior period of £641,000 (2021: £Nil) and the interim dividend of £1,067,000 (£Nil). 
The final and special dividends for 2022 are not accounted for until they have been approved at the Annual General Meeting. 

10. PROFIT AND DILUTED PROFIT PER SHARE
Both the basic and diluted profit per share calculations are based on a profit after tax attributable to equity holders of the company 
of £17,612,000 (2021: £1,491,000). The basic profit/(loss) per share has been calculated on a weighted average of 10,676,839 
(2021: 10,676,839) ordinary shares being in issue during the period. The diluted profit per share has been calculated on the 
weighted average number of shares in issue of 10,676,839 (2021: 10,676,839) plus the dilutive potential ordinary shares arising 
from share options of nil (2021: 21,923) totalling 10,676,839 (2021: 10,698,762).

11. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

Valuation at 1 January 2022
Revaluation

Valuation at 31 December 2022

Valuation at 1 January 2021
Revaluation

Valuation at 31 December 2021

Historical cost

At 31 December 2022
At 31 December 2021

Freehold 
£’000

Long 
Leasehold
£’000

Head 
Lease
£’000

8,230
40

8,270

7,875
355

8,230

5,851

5,851

2,295
(100)

2,195

2,395
(100)

2,295

728

728

175

(5)

170

201

(26)

175

-

-

Total
£’000

10,700
(65)

10,635

10,471
229

10,700

6,579

6,579

Long leasehold properties are those for which the unexpired term at the balance sheet date is not less than 50 years. All 
investment properties are held for use in operating leases and all properties generated rental income during the period. 

Freehold and Long Leasehold properties were externally professionally valued at 31 December on an open market basis by:

Carter Towler 

2022 
£’000

10,465

2021
£’000

10,525

The valuations were carried out in accordance with the Statements of Asset Valuation and Guidance Notes published by The Royal 
Institution of Chartered Surveyors.

Bisichi PLC

8787

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

11. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED
Each year external valuers are appointed by the Executive Directors on behalf of the Board. The valuers are selected based upon 
their knowledge, independence and reputation for valuing assets such as those held by the Group.

Valuations are performed annually and are performed consistently across all investment properties in the Group’s portfolio. At 
each reporting date appropriately qualified employees of the Group verify all significant inputs and review the computational 
outputs. Valuers submit their report to the Board on the outcome of each valuation round.

Valuations take into account tenure, lease terms and structural condition. The inputs underlying the valuations include market rent 
or business profitability, likely incentives offered to tenants, forecast growth rates, yields, EBITDA, discount rates, construction 
costs including any specific site costs (for example section 106), professional fees, developer’s profit including contingencies, 
planning and construction timelines, lease regear costs, planning risk and sales prices based on known market transactions for 
similar properties to those being valued.

Valuations are based on what is determined to be the highest and best use. When considering the highest and best use a valuer 
will consider, on a property by property basis, its actual and potential uses which are physically, legally and financially viable. 
Where the highest and best use differs from the existing use, the valuer will consider the cost and likelihood of achieving and 
implanting this change in arriving at its valuation.

There are often restrictions on Freehold and Leasehold property which could have a material impact on the realisation of these 
assets. The most significant of these occur when planning permission or lease extension and renegotiation of use are required or 
when a credit facility is in place. These restrictions are factored in the property’s valuation by the external valuer.

IFRS 13 sets out a valuation hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value as follows: 

Level 1: 

valuation based on inputs on quoted market prices in active markets

Level 2:  

 valuation based on inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that maximise the use of observable data 
directly or from market prices or indirectly derived from market prices.

Level 3:  

 where one or more significant inputs to valuations are not based on observable market data

The inter-relationship between key unobservable inputs and the Groups’ properties is detailed in the table below: 

Class of property 
Level 3

Valuation  
technique

Key  
unobservable inputs

Freehold – external 
valuation

Income  
capitalisation

Long leasehold – 
external valuation

Income  
capitalisation

Estimated rental 
value per sq ft p.a
Equivalent Yield

Estimated rental 
value per sq ft p.a

Equivalent yield

Carrying/
fair value
2022
£’000

8,270

Carrying/
fair value
2021
£’000

8,230

2,195

2,295

Range 
(weighted 
average) 
2022

£4 – £29 
(£21)
8.9% – 15.8% 
(11.4%)

£8 – £8 
(£8)

Range 
(weighted 
average) 
2021

£6 – £29 
(£21)
8.9% – 

14.7% 

(11.2%)

£9 – £9 
(£9)

9.8% – 9.8% 
(9.8%)

9.8% – 9.8% 
(9.8%)

At 31 December 2022

10,465

10,525

There are interrelationships between all these inputs as they are determined by market conditions. The existence of an increase in 
more than one input would be to magnify the input on the valuation. The impact on the valuation will be mitigated by the 
interrelationship of two inputs in opposite directions, for example, an increase in rent may be offset by an increase in yield.

88 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

11. INVESTMENT PROPERTIES CONTINUED
The table below illustrates the impact of changes in key unobservable inputs on the carrying / fair value of the Group’s properties:

Freehold – external valuation

Long Leasehold – external valuation

12. MINING RESERVES, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Cost at 1 January 2022

Exchange adjustment

Additions
Disposals

Cost at 31 December 2022

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2022

Exchange adjustment

Charge for the year
Disposals

Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2022

Cost at 1 January 2021

Exchange adjustment

Additions
Disposals

Cost at 31 December 2021

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2021

Exchange adjustment

Charge for the year
Disposals

Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2021

Net book value at 31 December 2021

Estimated rental  
value 10% increase  
or decrease

Equivalent yield
25 basis point 
contraction or expansion

2022
£’000

2021
£’000

2022
£’000

2021
£’000

827 / (827)

823 / (823)

205 / (195)

203 / (193)

220 / (220)

230 / (230)

57 / (55)

60 / (57)

Mining
equipment 
and develop-
ment costs
£’000

29,063

134

7,117
(23)

36,291

20,167

166

1,037
(23)

21,347

14,944

28,371

(1,059)

1,772
(21)

29,063

18,399

(710)

2,499
(21)

20,167

8,896

Mining
reserves
£’000

1,097

(13)

1,248
-

2,332

1,089

10

-
-

1,099

1,233

1,138

(41)

-
-

1,097

1,123

(41)

7
-

1,089

8

Motor
vehicles
£’000

Office
equipment
£’000

396

3

55
(69)

385

264

3

38
(49)

256

129

372

(11)

35
-

396

215

(7)

56
-

264

132

179 

1

60
(72)

168 

150

1

18
(72)

97

71

174 

(4)

9
-

179 

144

(3)

9
-

150

29

Total
£’000

30,735

125

8,480
(164)

39,176

21,670

180

1,093
(144)

22,799

16,377

30,055

(1,115)

1,816
(21)

30,735

19,881

(761)

2,571
(21)

21,670

9,065

Bisichi PLC

8989

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

12. MINING RESERVES, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT CONTINUED
Included in the above line items are right-of-use assets over the following:

Mining
Equipment 
and develop-
ment costs 
£’000

Motor
vehicles
£’000

Net book value at 1 January 2022

Additions

Exchange adjustment
Depreciation

Net book value at 31 December 2022

Net book value at 1 January 2021

Additions

Exchange adjustment
Depreciation

Net book value at 31 December 2021

13. INVESTMENTS HELD AS NON-CURRENT ASSETS

At 1 January

Gain in investment

Additions

Disposals
Share of (loss)/gain in joint ventures

Net assets at 31 December

Other investments comprise of the following:

219

-

5
(38)

186

263

-

(6)
(38)

219

2022
Other 
£’000

3,631

718

9,758

(1,517)
-

2022
Net  
investment in 
joint
ventures
assets
£’000

1,130

-

-

-
(89)

1,041

12,590

Net book value of unquoted investments

Net book and market value of readily realisable investments listed on stock exchanges in the United 
Kingdom
Net book and market value of readily realisable investments listed on overseas stock exchanges

90 Bisichi PLC

48

-

-
(27)

21

45

35

-
(32)

48

2021

Net  
investment  

in joint
ventures
assets
£’000

1,255

-

-

-
(125)

1,130

2022
£’000 

-

6,782

5,808

12,590

Total
£’000

267

-

5
(65)

207

308

35

(6)
(70)

267

2021
Other
£’000

1,746

701

1,630

(446)
-

3,631

2021 
£’000 

-

1,564

2,067

3,631

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

14. JOINT VENTURES
Development Physics Limited 
The company owns a third of the issued share capital of Development Physics Limited, an unlisted property development company. 
At year end, the negative carrying value of the investment held by the Group was £14,000 (2021: £3,000). The remaining two 
thirds is held equally by London & Associated Properties PLC and Metroprop Real Estate Ltd. Development Physics Limited is 
incorporated in England and Wales and its registered address is 12 Little Portland Street, London, W1W8BJ. It has issued share 
capital of 99 (2021: 99) ordinary shares of £1 each. No dividends were received during the period. 

Dragon Retail Properties Limited
The company owns 50% of the issued share capital of Dragon Retail Properties Limited, an unlisted property investment 
company. At year end, the carrying value of the investment held by the Group was £606,000 (2021: £637,000). The remaining 
50% is held by London & Associated Properties PLC. Dragon Retail Properties Limited is incorporated in England and Wales and 
its registered address is 12 Little Portland Street, London, W1W8BJ. It has issued share capital of 500,000 (2021: 500,000) 
ordinary shares of £1 each. No dividends were received during the period. It holds a Santander bank loan of £1.143million secured 
against its investment property. The bank loan of £1.143million is secured by way of a first charge on specific freehold property at a 
value of £2.038 million. The interest cost of the loan is 2.75 per cent above the bank’s base rate. A refinancing of this loan is 
currently underway. The loan originally expired in September 2020, but has been extended to October 2023. Santander have 
indicated that they are willing to provide a new term loan and we expect to complete this in the near future.

West Ealing Projects Limited 
The company owns 50% of the issued share capital of West Ealing Projects Limited, an unlisted property development company. 
At year end, the carrying value of the investment held by the Group was £449,000 (2021: £496,000). The remaining 50% is held 
by London & Associated Properties PLC. West Ealing Projects Limited is incorporated in England and Wales and its registered 
address is 12 Little Portland Street, London, W1W8BJ. It has issued share capital of 1,000,000 (2021: 1,000,000) ordinary shares 
of £1 each. No dividends were received during the period. 

Bisichi PLC

9191

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

14. JOINT VENTURES CONTINUED

Turnover

Profit and loss:

(Loss)/Profit before depreciation, 
interest and taxation
Depreciation and amortisation

(Loss)/Profit before interest and 
taxation

Interest Income
Interest expense

(Loss)/Profit before taxation
Taxation

(Loss)/Profit after taxation

Balance sheet

Non-current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Property inventory

Other current assets

Current borrowings
Other current liabilities

Net current assets 

Non-current borrowings
Other non-current liabilities

Net assets at  31 December

Share of net assets at 31 December

Development 
Physics
£’000

Dragon
£’000

West  

Ealing
£’000

-

168

53

2022
£’000

221

Development 
Physics
£’000

Dragon
£’000

West  

Ealing
£’000

-

168

58

2021
£’000

226

(33)

-

(33)

-
-

(33)
-

(33)

-

2

348

2

-
(395)

(43)

-
-

(43)

(14)

(5)

(3)

(8)

-
(51)

(59)
(2)

(61)

2,038

107

-

269

(1,143)
(59)

(826)

-
-

1,212

606

(71)

(109)

-

(71)

-
(1)

(72)
(34)

(106)

(3)

(112)

-
(52)

(164)
(36)

(200)

-

9

2,038

118

8,112

8,460

47

318

(4,399)
(2,862)

907

(9)
-

898

449

(5,542)
(3,316)

38

(9)
-

2,067

1,041

(10)

-

(10)

-
-

(10)
-

(10)

-

-

232

27

(269)

(10)

-
-

(10)

(3)

(32)

(215)

(257)

(3)

(35)

-
(31)

(66)
-

(66)

2,091

27

-

374

-

(3)

(215)

(260)

-
(1)

(216)
38

(178)

-

5

7,494

70

-
(32)

(292)
38

(254)

2,091

32

7,726

471

(53)

(6,549)

(6,871)

348

1,020

(1,165)
-

1,274

637

(28)
-

992

496

1,358

(1,193)
-

2,256

1,130

92 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

15. SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
The company owns the following ordinary share capital of the subsidiaries which are included within the consolidated financial statements:

Activity

Percentage 
of share  
capital

Registered address

Directly held:
Mineral Products Limited

Share dealing 100%

Bisichi (Properties) Limited

Property

100%

Bisichi Northampton Limited

Property

100%

Bisichi Trustee Limited 

Property

100%

Urban First (Northampton) Limited

Property

100%

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited Holding 
company
Dormant

Ninghi Marketing Limited

100%

90.1%

Bisichi Mining Management 
Services Limited
Bisichi Coal Mining (Pty) Limited

Dormant

100%

Coal mining

100%

Indirectly held:
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited

Coal mining

62.5%

Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited Coal 

processing
Black Wattle Klipfontein (Pty) Limited Coal mining

62.5%

62.5%

Amandla Ehtu Mineral Resource 
Development (Pty) Limited

Dormant

70%

12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
12 Little Portland Street, London, 
W1W8BJ
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050

Country of
incorporation

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

England and Wales

South Africa

Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road, 
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road,
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050
Samora Machel Street, Bethal Road,
Middelburg, Mpumalanga, 1050

South Africa

South Africa

South Africa

South Africa

Details on the non-controlling interest in subsidiaries are shown under note 27.

16. INVENTORIES

Coal
Washed
Mining Production
Work in progress
Other

2022
£’000 

4,758
162
221
58
5,199

2021
£’000 

1,185
59
-
9
1,253

The amount of inventories recognised as an expense during the period was £35,969,000 (2021: £32,912,000).

Bisichi PLC

9393

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

17.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Financial assets falling due within one year:
  Trade receivables

  Amount owed by joint venture

  Other receivables

Non-financial instruments falling due within one year:
  Prepayments and accrued income

2022
£’000 

4,067

1,379

860

131

6,437

2021 
£’000 

6,328

1,067

984

247

8,626

Financial assets falling due within one year are held at amortised cost. The fair value of trade and other receivables approximates 
their carrying amounts. The Group applies a simplified approach to measure the credit loss allowance for trade receivables using 
the lifetime expected credit loss provision. The lifetime expected credit loss is evaluated for each trade receivable taking into 
account payment history, payments made subsequent to year end and prior to reporting, past default experience and the impact of 
any other relevant and current observable data. The Group applies a general approach on all other receivables classified as 
financial assets. At year end, the Group allowance for doubtful debts provided against trade receivables was £89,000 (2021: 
£140,000).

18. INVESTMENTS IN LISTED SECURITIES HELD AT FVPL 

At 1 January
Gain in investments

Additions
Disposals

Market value at 31 December

Market value of listed Investments:
Listed in Great Britain
Listed outside Great Britain

Original cost of listed investments

Unrealised surplus / deficit of market value versus cost

94 Bisichi PLC

2022
Other 
£’000

685

318

449
(566)

886

2022
£’000 

686
200

886

846

40

2021
Other
£’000

833

110

-
(258)

685

2021 
£’000 

478
207

685

846

(161)

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

19. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables

Amounts owed to joint ventures

Lease liabilities (Note 31)

Other payables

Accruals 
Deferred Income

2022
£’000 

8,519

120

54

2,000

2.366
223

13,282

2021 
£’000 

7,171

156

65

2,281

844
226

10,743

20. FINANCIAL LIABILITIES – BORROWINGS

Current

Non-current

Bank overdraft (secured)
Bank loan (secured)

2022
£’000 

3,225
570

3,795

2021 
£’000 

2,536
130

2,666

Bank overdraft and loan instalments by reference to the balance sheet date:

  Within one year

  From one to two years
  From two to five years

Bank overdraft and loan analysis by origin:

  United Kingdom
  Southern Africa

2022
£’000 

-
3,930

3,930

2022
£’000 

3,795

3,906
24

7,725

3,880
3,845

7,725

2021 
£’000 

-
3,853

3,853

2021 
£’000 

2,666

11
3,842

6,519

3,839
2,680

6,519

In South Africa, an R85million trade facility is held with Absa Bank Limited by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited (“Sisonke Coal 
Processing”) in order to cover the working capital requirements of the Group’s South African operations. The interest cost of the 
loan is at the South African prime lending rate plus 3.8% The facility is renewable annually, is repayable on demand and is secured 
by way of a first charge over specific pieces of mining equipment, inventory and the debtors of the relevant company which holds 
the loan which are included in the financial statements at a value of £11,482,554 (2021: £8,843,219). All banking covenants were 
either adhered to or waived by Absa Bank Limited during the year. 

In the UK, the Group holds a £3.96million term loan facility with Julian Hodge Bank Limited. The loan is secured against the 
Group’s UK retail property portfolio. The debt package has a five year term and is repayable at the end of the term in December 
2024. The overall interest cost of the loan is 4.00% above the Bank of England base rate. The loan is secured by way of a first 
charge over the investment properties in the UK which are included in the financial statements at a value of £10,465,000 (2021: 
£10,525,000). No banking covenants were breached by the Group during the year.

Bisichi PLC

9595

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

20. FINANCIAL LIABILITIES – BORROWINGS CONTINUED
Consistent with others in the mining and property industry, the Group monitors its capital by its gearing levels. This is calculated as 
the total bank loans and overdraft less remaining cash and cash equivalents as a percentage of equity. At year end the gearing of 
the Group was calculated as follows:

2022
£’000 

7,725
(10,590)

(2,865)

33,802

(8.5%)

Bank 
borrowings 
£’000

Bank 
overdrafts
£’000

Lease 
liabilities
£’000

4,207

(10)

(214)

4,846

(138)

(2,172)

2022
£’000

6,973

7

1,147

(5)

8,122

-

-

3,983

2,536

508

(6)

(57)

9

454

2022
£’000 

1,390

6

-
319

1,715

2021 
£’000 

6,519
(3,018)

3,501

17,512

20.0%

2021
£’000

9,561

(154)

(2,443)

9

6,973

2021
£’000 

1,442

(52)

-
-

1,390

Total bank loans and overdraft
Less cash and cash equivalents (excluding overdraft)

Net debt

Total equity attributable to shareholders of the parent

Gearing
Analysis of the changes in liabilities arising from financing activities:

Bank  
borrowings 
£’000

Bank  

Lease  

overdrafts
£’000

liabilities
£’000

Balance at 1 January

3,983

2,536

Exchange adjustments

Cash movements 
excluding exchange 
adjustments
Additions 

(9)

525

11

678

-

-

Balance at 31 December 

4,499

3,225

21. PROVISION FOR REHABILITATION

454

5

(56)

(5)

398

As at 1 January

Exchange adjustment

Increase in provision
Unwinding of discount

As at 31 December

96 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Total financial assets and liabilities

The Group’s financial assets and liabilities are as follows, representing both the fair value and the carrying value:

Financial 
Assets
measured 
at
amortised 
cost
£’000

Financial 
Liabilities
measured 
at
amortised 
cost
£’000

Investments 
held at 
FVPL  
£’000

2022
£’000

Financial 
Assets
measured 
at
amortised 
cost
£’000

Financial 
Liabilities
measured 
at
amortised 
cost
£’000

Cash and cash equivalents

10,590

Non-current other investments 
held at FVPL

Investments in listed securities 
held at FVPL  

- 

- 

Trade and other receivables

6,306

-

-

-

-

Bank borrowings and overdraft

Lease Liabilities
Other liabilities

- 

- 
- 

(7,725)

(398)
(17,261)

-

10,590

3,018

12,590

12,590

886 

886

- 

- 

- 
- 

6,306

(7,725)

(398)
(17,261)

- 

- 

8,379

- 

- 
- 

16,896

(25,384)

13,476

4,988

11,397

-

-

-

-

(6,519)

(454)
(11,178)

(18,151)

Investments 
held at 
FVPL  
£’000

-

3,631

2021
£’000

3,018

3,631

685 

685

- 

- 

- 
- 

4,316

8,379

(6,519)

(454)
(11,178)

(2,438)

Investments in listed securities held at fair value through profit and loss fall under level 1 of the fair value hierarchy into which fair 

value measurements are recognised in accordance with the levels set out in IFRS 7. The comparative figures for 2021 fall under the 
same category of financial instrument as 2022.

The carrying amount of short term (less than 12 months) trade receivable and other liabilities approximate their fair values. The fair 
value of non-current borrowings in note 20 approximates its carrying value and was determined under level 2 of the fair value 
hierarchy and is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current market interest rates for UK borrowings 
and for the South African overdraft facility. The fair value of the lease liabilities in note 31 approximates its carrying value and was 
determined under level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows at the current 
market interest rates.

Treasury policy
Although no derivative transactions were entered into during the current and prior year, the Group may use derivative transactions 
such as interest rate swaps and forward exchange contracts as necessary in order to help manage the financial risks arising from 
the Group’s activities. The main risks arising from the Group’s financing structure are interest rate risk, liquidity risk, market risk, 
credit risk, currency risk and commodity price risk. There have been no changes during the year of the main risks arising from the 
Group’s finance structure. The policies for managing each of these risks and the principal effects of these policies on the results 
are summarised below.

Interest rate risk 
Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of a financial instrument or cashflows associated with the instrument will fluctuate due to 
changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from interest bearing financial assets and liabilities that the Group uses. 
Treasury activities take place under procedures and policies approved and monitored by the Board to minimise the financial risk 
faced by the Group. Interest bearing assets comprise cash and cash equivalents which are considered to be short-term liquid 
assets and loans to joint ventures.

Interest bearing borrowings comprise bank loans, bank overdrafts and variable rate finance lease obligations. The rates of interest 
vary based on Bank of England in the UK and PRIME in South Africa.

Bisichi PLC

9797

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
As at 31 December 2022, with other variables unchanged, a 1% increase or decrease in interest rates, on investments and 
borrowings whose interest rates are not fixed, would respectively change the profit/loss for the year by £35,000 (2021: £80,000). 
The effect on equity of this change would be an equivalent decrease or increase for the year of £35,000 (2021: £80,000). 

Liquidity risk 
The Group’s policy is to minimise refinancing risk. Efficient treasury management and strict credit control minimise the costs and 
risks associated with this policy which ensures that funds are available to meet commitments as they fall due. As at year end the 
Group held borrowing facilities in the UK in Bisichi PLC and in South Africa in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd.

The following table sets out the maturity profile of contractual undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities as at 31 December:

Within one year

From one to two years

From two to five years
Beyond five years

2022
£’000 

21,511

4,259

479
126

2021 
£’000 

14,122

238

4,391
129

26,375

18,880

The following table sets out the maturity profile of contractual undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities as at 31 December 
maturing within one year:

Within one month

From one to three months
From four to twelve months

2022
£’000 

15,635

4,150
1,726

21,511

2021 
£’000 

11,509

1,699
914

14,122

In South Africa, an R85million trade facility is held with Absa Bank Limited by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited (“Sisonke Coal 
Processing”) in order to cover the working capital requirements of the Group’s South African operations. The interest cost of the 
loan is at the South African prime lending rate plus 3.8% The facility is renewable annually, is repayable on demand and is secured 
against inventory, debtors and cash that are held by Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Limited. The facility is included in cash and 
cash equivalents within the cashflow statement. 

In the UK, the Group holds a £3.96million term loan facility with Julian Hodge Bank Limited. The loan is secured against the 
Group’s UK retail property portfolio. The debt package has a five year term and is repayable at the end of the term in December 
2024. The overall interest cost of the loan is 4.00% above the Bank of England base rate.

As a result of the above agreed banking facilities, the Directors believe that the Group is well placed to manage its liquidity risk. 

Credit risk 
The Group is mainly exposed to credit risk on its cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables and amounts owed by 
joint ventures as per the balance sheet. The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each 
financial asset in the balance sheet which at year end amounted to £16,896,000 (2021: £11,397,000). 

To mitigate risk on its cash and cash equivalents, the Group only deposits surplus cash with well-established financial institutions 
of high quality credit standing.

98 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. Trade debtor’s credit ratings are reviewed regularly. The 
Group’s review includes measures such as the use of external ratings and establishing purchase limits for each customer. The 
Group had amounts due from its significant revenue customers at the year end that represented 84% (2021: 53%) of the trade 
receivables balance. These amounts have been subsequently settled. The Group approach to measure the credit loss allowance 
for trade receivables is outlined in note 17. At year end, the Group allowance for doubtful debts provided against trade receivables 
was £89,000 (2021: £140,000). As at year end the amount of trade receivables held past due date less credit loss allowances was 
£159,000 (2021: £201,000). To date, the amount of trade receivables held past due date less credit loss allowances that has not 
subsequently been settled is £122,000 (2021: £106,000). Management have no reason to believe that this amount will not be 
settled.  

The Group exposure to credit risk on its loans to joint ventures and other receivables is mitigated through ongoing review of the 
underlying performance and resources of the counterparty including evaluation of different scenarios of probability of default and 
expected loss applicable to each of the underlying balances.

Financial assets maturity 
On 31 December 2022, cash at bank and in hand amounted to £10,712,000 (2021: £3,018,000) which is invested in short term 
bank deposits maturing within one year bearing interest at the bank’s variable rates. Cash and cash equivalents all have a maturity 
of less than 3 months. 

Foreign exchange risk 
All trading is undertaken in the local currencies except for certain export sales which are invoiced in dollars. It is not the Group’s 
policy to obtain forward contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these contracts as payment terms are within 15 days of 
invoice or earlier. Funding is also in local currencies other than inter-company investments and loans and it is also not the Group’s 
policy to obtain forward contracts to mitigate foreign exchange risk on these amounts. During 2022 and 2021 the Group did not 
hedge its exposure of foreign investments held in foreign currencies. 

The principal currency risk to which the Group is exposed in regard to inter-company balances is the exchange rate between 
Pounds sterling and South African Rand. It arises as a result of the retranslation of Rand denominated inter-company trade 
receivable balances held within the UK which are payable by South African Rand functional currency subsidiaries. 

Based on the Group’s net financial assets and liabilities as at 31 December 2022, a 25% strengthening of Sterling against the 
South African Rand, with all other variables held constant, would decrease the Group’s profit after taxation by £121,000 (2021: 
£218,000). A 25% weakening of Sterling against the South African Rand, with all other variables held constant would increase the 
Group’s profit after taxation by £201,000 (2021: £364,000). The 25% sensitivity has been determined based on the average 
historic volatility of the exchange rate. 

The table below shows the currency profiles of cash and cash equivalents:

Sterling

South African Rand
US Dollar

2022
£’000 

7,779

2,238
573

10,590

2021 
£’000 

1,397

1,017
604

3,018

Cash and cash equivalents earn interest at rates based on Bank of England rates in Sterling and Prime in Rand.

Bisichi PLC

9999

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

22. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED
The tables below shows the currency profiles of net monetary assets and liabilities by functional currency of the Group:

2022:

Sterling

South African Rand
US Dollar

2021:

Sterling

South African Rand
US Dollar

23. DEFERRED TAXATION

As at 1 January 

Recognised in income
Exchange adjustment

As at 31 December

The deferred tax balance comprises the following:

Revaluations

Capital allowances

Short term timing difference

Unredeemed capital deductions
Losses and other deductions

Sterling
£’000 

14,715

45
1,971

16,731

Sterling
£’000 

1,123

65
1,462

2,650

2022  
£’000

506

388
(22)

872

671

3,855

(813)

(1,439)
(1,402)

872

South  
African
Rands 
£’000 

-

(11,743)
-

(11,743)

South  
African
Rands 
£’000 

-

(5,088)
-

(5,088)

2021  
£’000

474

45
(13)

506

641

2,253

(832)

(1,057)
(499)

506

Refer to note 8 for details of deferred tax recognised in income in the current year. Tax rates of 25% (2021: 25%) in the UK and 
27% (2021: 28%) in South Africa were utilised to calculate year end deferred tax balances.

100 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

24. SHARE CAPITAL

Authorised: 13,000,000 ordinary shares of 10p each

Allotted and fully paid:

At 1 January and outstanding at 31 December

25. OTHER RESERVES

Equity share options
Net investment premium on share capital in joint venture

2022
Number of 
ordinary
shares

2021
Number of 
ordinary
shares

10,676,839

10,676,839

2022
£’000 

1,300

2021 
£’000 

1,300

2022
£’000

1,068

2022
£’000 

1,026
86

1,112

2021
£’000

1,068

2021 
£’000 

621
86

707

26. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS
Details of the share option scheme are shown in the Directors’ remuneration report on page 41 under the heading Share option 
schemes which is within the audited part of this report. Further details of the share option schemes are set out below. 

The Bisichi PLC Unapproved Option Schemes:

Year of grant

Subscription
price per share

Period within 
which options
exercisable

Number of share
for which options
outstanding at
31 December 2021

Number of 
share options 
lapsed/surrendered
/awarded
during year

Number of share for 
which options
outstanding at
31 December 2022

2015

2018
2022

87.0p

Sep 2015 – Sep 2025 

73.50p
Feb 2018 – Feb 2028
352.0p Sep 2022 – Sep 2032

300,000

380,000
-

(300,000)

(380,000)
760,000

-

-
760,000

Bisichi PLC

101101

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

26. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED
On 1 September 2022, the company entered into an agreement with A Heller and G. Casey to cancel the 300,000 options which 
were granted in 2015 and 380,000 options which were granted in 2018. The aggregate consideration paid by the group to effect 
the cancellation was £1,853,270. On 1 September 2022 the company granted additional options to the following directors of the 
company:

A. Heller 380,000 options at an exercise price of 352.0p per share.

G. Casey 380,000 options at an exercise price of 352.0p per share.

The options vest on date of grant and are exercisable within a period of 10 years from date of grant. There are no performance or 
service conditions attached to the 2022 options which are outstanding at 31 December 2022. The above options were valued at 
£547,200 at date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton model with the following assumptions:

Expected volatility  54.18% (Based on historic volatility)

Expected life 4 years 

Risk free rate  1.58%

Expected dividends 6.90%

Outstanding at 1 January

Lapsed/Surrendered/cancelled during the year
Issued during the year

Outstanding at 31 December

Exercisable at 31 December

27. NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

As at 1 January

Issue of shares in subsidiary

Share of profit/(loss) for the year

Dividends paid
Exchange adjustment

As at 31 December

102 Bisichi PLC

2022
Weighted
average
exercise 
price

79.46p

79.46p
352.00p

352.00p

352.00p

2022
Number

680,000

(680,000)
760,000

760,000

760,000

2021
Weighted
average
exercise 
price

79.46p

-
-

79.46p

79.46p

2021 
£’000 

116

-

215

-
(8)

323

2021
Number

680,000

-
-

680,000

680,000

2022
£’000 

323

1

8,494

(7,034)
(25)

1,759

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

27. NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST CONTINUED
The non-controlling interest comprises of a 37.5% interest in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd and its wholly owned subsidiary 
Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Ltd. Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is a coal mining company and Sisonke Coal Processing (Pty) Ltd 
is a coal processing company both incorporated in South Africa. Summarised financial information reflecting 100% of the 
underlying consolidated relevant figures of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd’s and its wholly owned subsidiary Sisonke Coal 
Processing (Pty) Ltd is set out below. 

Revenue
Expenses

Profit/(loss) for the year
Other comprehensive Income

Total comprehensive income for the year

Balance sheet

  Non-current assets

  Current assets

  Current liabilities
  Non-current liabilities

Net assets at 31 December

2022
£’000 

93,356
(63,289)

30,067

-

30,067

16,325

11,752

(18,873)
(3,522)

5,682

2021
£’000

49,225
(47,787)

1,438

-

1,438

9,019

9,329

(14,287)
(1,904)

2,157

The non-controlling interest originates from the disposal of a 37.5% shareholding in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd in 2010 when 
the total issued share capital in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was increased from 136 shares to 1,000 shares at par of R1 (South 
African Rand) through the following shares issue:

-   a subscription for 489 ordinary shares at par by Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited increasing the number of shares held from 

136 ordinary shares to a total of 625 ordinary shares;

-  a subscription for 110 ordinary shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd;

-  a subscription for 265 “A” shares at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

On 12 April 2022 the total issued share capital in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd was increased further from 1000 shares to 1002 
shares at par of R1 through the following share issue:

 a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by Bisichi Mining (Exploration Limited);

 a subscription of 1 “B” Share at par by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd

Bisichi Mining (Exploration) Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of Bisichi PLC incorporated in England and Wales. 

Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd is a South African Black Economic Empowerment company and minority shareholder in Black Wattle 
Colliery (Pty) Ltd. 

The “A” shares rank pari passu with the ordinary shares save that they will have no dividend rights until such time as the dividends 
paid by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd on the ordinary shares subsequent to 30 October 2008 will equate to R832,075,000.

A non-controlling interest of 15% in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is recognised for all profits distributable to the 110 ordinary 
shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd from the date of issue of the shares (18 October 2010). An additional non-controlling 
interest will be recognised for all profits distributable to the 265 “A” shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd after such time as the 
profits available for distribution, in Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd, before any payment of dividends after 30 October 2008, exceeds 
R832,075,000.

The “B” shares rank pari passu with the ordinary shares save that they have sole rights to the distributable profits attributable to 
certain mining reserves held by Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd. A non-controlling interest is recognised for all profits distributable to 
the “B” shares held by Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd from the date of issue of the shares (12 April 2022). 

Bisichi PLC

103103

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

28. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Related party:
London & Associated Properties PLC (note (a))

West Ealing Projects Limited (note (b))

Dragon Retail Properties Limited (note (c))
Development Physics Limited (note (d))

As at 31 December 2022

London & Associated Properties PLC (note (a))

West Ealing Projects Limited (note (b))

Dragon Retail Properties Limited (note (c))
Development Physics Limited (note (d))

As at 31 December 2021

At 31 December

During the year

Amounts 
owed
to related 
party
£’000

Amounts 
owed
by related 
party
£’000

Costs 
recharged
(to)/by 
related
party
£’000

Cash paid 
(to)/by 
related
party
£’000

-

-

120
-

120

41

-

156
-

197

-

(1,237)

-
(142)

(1,379)

-

(998)

-
(67)

(1,065)

200

-

(36)
-

164

200

-

(36)
-

164

(241)

(239)

-
(75)

(555)

(192)

(158)

44
(67)

(373)

(a) 

 London & Associated Properties PLC – London & Associated Properties PLC (“LAP”) is a substantial shareholder and parent 
company of Bisichi PLC. Property management, office premises, general management, accounting and administration services 
are provided for Bisichi PLC and its UK subsidiaries. Bisichi PLC continues to operate as a fully independent company and 
currently LAP owns only 41.52% of the issued ordinary share capital. However, LAP is deemed under IFRS 10 to have 
effective control of Bisichi PLC for accounting purposes.

(b)   West Ealing Projects Limited – West Ealing Projects Limited (“West Ealing”) is an unlisted property company incorporated in 

England and Wales. West Ealing is owned equally by the company and London & Associated Properties PLC and is accounted 
as a joint venture and treated as a non-current asset investment.

(c) 

 Dragon Retail Properties Limited – (“Dragon”) is owned equally by the company and London & Associated Properties PLC. 
Dragon is accounted as a joint venture and is treated as a non-current asset investment. 

(d)   Development Physics Limited – Development Physics Limited (“DP”) is an unlisted property company incorporated in England 
and Wales. DP is owned equally by the company, London & Associated Properties PLC and Metroprop Real Estate Ltd and is 
accounted as a joint venture and treated as a non-current asset investment.

Key management personnel comprise of the directors of the company who have the authority and responsibility for planning, 
directing, and controlling the activities of the company. Details of key management personnel compensation and interest in share 
options are shown in the Directors’ Remuneration Report on pages 40 and 41 under the headings Directors’ remuneration, Pension 
schemes and incentives and Share option schemes which is within the audited part of this report. The total employers’ national 
insurance paid in relation to the remuneration of key management was £580,000 (2021: £189,000). In 2012 a loan was made to 
one of the directors, Mr A R Heller, for £116,000. Interest is payable on the Director’s Loan at a rate of 6.14 per cent. There is no 
fixed repayment date for the Director’s Loan. The loan amount outstanding at year end was £41,000 (2021: £41,000) and no 
repayment (2021: £nil) was made during the year.

The non-controlling interest to Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd is shown in note 27. In addition, the Group holds an investment in Vunani 
Limited with a fair value of £44,000 (2021: £45,000) and an investment in Vunani Capital Partners (Pty) Ltd of £189,000 (2021: 
£38,000). Both are related parties to Vunani Mining (Pty) Ltd and are classified as non-current available for sale investments.

104 Bisichi PLC

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

29. EMPLOYEES

Staff costs during the year were as follows:

Salaries

Social security costs

Pension costs
Share based payments

The average weekly numbers of employees of the Group during the year were as follows:

Production
Administration

30. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS

Commitments for capital expenditure approved and contracted for at the year end

2022
£’000 

8,891

580

300
2,220

11,991

2022

213
15

228

2022
£’000 

-

2021
£’000 

6,995

189

307
-

7,491

2021

214
15

229

2021 
£’000 

-

31. LEASE LIABILITIES AND FUTURE PROPERTY LEASE RENTALS
The lease liabilities are secured by the related underlying assets. The undiscounted maturity analysis of lease payments at 31 
December 2022 is as follows:

Within one year

Second to fifth year
After five years

Discounting adjustment

Present value

Mining 
Equipment & 
Development 
costs
£’000

45

158
53

256
(47)

209

Motor  

Vehicles
£’000

12

9
-

21
(1)

20

Head 
Lease  

Property
£’000

14

43
1,288

1,345
(1,174)

171

2022
£’000

71

210
1,341

1,622
(1,222)

400

2021
£’000

83

226
1,427

1,736
(1,282)

454

Bisichi PLC

105105

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

31. LEASE LIABILITIES AND FUTURE PROPERTY LEASE RENTALS CONTINUED
The present value of minimum lease payments at 31 December 2022 is as follows:

Within one year  (Note 19)

Second to fifth year
After five years

Present value

Mining 
Equipment & 
Development 
costs
£’000

Motor Vehi-
cles
£’000

32

127
50

209

11

9
-

20

Head 
Lease  

Property
£’000

11

34
126

171

2022
£’000

54

170
176

400

2021
£’000

65

260
129

454

With the exception of short-term leases and leases of low-value underlying assets, each lease is reflected on the balance sheet as 
a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. The Group classifies its right-of-use assets in a consistent manner to its property, plant 
and equipment. Lease liabilities due within one year are classified within trade and other payables in the balance sheet. 

The Group has one lease for mining equipment in South Africa and one lease for motor vehicles in the United Kingdom. Both 
leases have terms of less than 5 years are either non-cancellable or may only be cancelled by incurring a substantive termination 
fee. Lease payments for mining equipment are subject to changes in consumer price inflation in South Africa. 

The Group has one lease contract for an investment property. The remaining term for the leased investment property is 126 years 
(2021: 127 years). The annual rent payable is the higher of £7,500 or 6.25% of the revenue derived from the leased assets.

The Group has entered into rental leases on its investment property portfolio consisting mainly of commercial properties. These 
leases have terms of between 1 and 106 years. All leases include a clause to enable upward revision of the rental charge on an 
annual basis according to prevailing market conditions.

The future aggregate minimum rentals receivable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:

Within one year

Second year

Third year

Fourth year

Fifth year
After five years

106 Bisichi PLC

2022
£’000 

973

875

801

716

645
9,530

13,540

2021 
£’000 

948

830

776

710

634
9,956

13,854

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

32. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS

Bank Guarantees
Bank guarantees have been issued by the bankers of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Limited on behalf of the company to third parties. 
The guarantees are secured against the assets of the company and have been issued in respect of the following:

Rail siding

Rehabilitation of mining land
Water & electricity

2022
£’000 

49

1,715
47

2021 
£’000 

48

1,700
46

Contingent tax liability
The interpretation of laws and regulations in South Africa where the Group operates can be complex and can lead to challenges 
from or disputes with regulatory authorities. Such situations often take significant time to resolve. Where there is a dispute and 
where a reliable estimate of the potential liability cannot be made, or where the Group, based on legal advice, considers that it is 
improbable that there will be an outflow of economic resources, no provision is recognised.

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is currently involved in a tax dispute in South Africa related to VAT. The dispute arose during the year 
ended 31 December 2020 and is related to events which occurred prior to the years ended 31 December 2020. As at 26 April 
2023, the Group has been advised that it has a strong legal case, that it has complied fully with the legislation and, therefore, no 
economic outflow is expected to occur. Because of the nature and complexity of the dispute, the possible financial effect of a 
negative decision cannot be measured reliably. Accordingly, no provision has been booked at the year end. At this stage, the Group 
believes that the dispute will be resolved in its favour.  

Bisichi PLC

107107

Financial statements
Company balance sheet
at 31 December 2022

Fixed assets
Tangible assets

Investment in joint ventures
Other investments

Current assets
Debtors – amounts due within one year

Debtors – amounts due in more than one year
Bank balances

Creditors – amounts falling due within one year

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities
Creditors – amounts falling in more than one year

Net assets

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital

Share premium account

Other reserves
Retained earnings

Shareholders’ funds

Notes

35

36
36

37

37

38

38

24

33

2022
£’000

98

665
18,946

19,709

2,754

1,159
7,928

11,841

(2,514)

9,327

29,036

(9)

29,027

1,068

258

1,027
26,674

29,027

2021
£’000

93

665
9,987

10,745

3,636

220
788

4,644

(454)

4,190

14,935

(20)

14,915

1,068

258

622
12,967

14,915

The profit for the financial year, before dividends payable, was £15,415,000 (2021: loss of £203,000)

The company financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board of directors on 26 April 2023 and signed 
on its behalf by:

A R Heller 
Director 

G J Casey 
Director

Company Registration No. 112155 

108 Bisichi PLC

 
 
 
Financial statements
Company statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2022

Balance at 1 January 2021

Dividends paid
Profit and total comprehensive income for the year

Balance at 1 January 2022
Dividends paid

Share options cancelled

Share options issued
Profit and total comprehensive income for the year

Share 
capital
£’000

1,068

-
-

1,068
-

-

-
-

Share 
premium
£’000

258

-
-

258
-

-

-
-

Other
reserve
£’000

622

-
-

622
-

(142)

547
-

Balance at 31 December 2022

1,068

258

1,027

Retained
earnings
£’000

Shareholders
funds
£’000

13,170

-
(203)

12,967
(1,708)

-

-
15,415

26,674

15,118

-
(203)

14,915
(1,708)

(142)

547
15,415

29,027

Bisichi PLC

109109

Notes to the financial statements

Financial statements
Company accounting policies
for the year ended 31 December 2022

••   a statement of cash flows;
••   the effect of future accounting 
standards not yet adopted;

Other investments comprising of shares 
in listed companies are classified at fair 
value through profit and loss. 

The following are the main accounting 
policies of the company: 

Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been 
prepared in accordance with Financial 
Reporting Standard 100 Application of 
Financial Reporting Requirements and 
Financial Reporting Standard 101 
Reduced Disclosure Framework. The 
principal accounting policies adopted in 
the preparation of the financial 
statements are set out below.

The financial statements have been 
prepared on a historical cost basis, 
except for the revaluation of leasehold 
property and certain 
financial instruments.

••   the disclosure of the remuneration of 

key management personnel; and

••   disclosure of related party transactions 

with the company’s wholly owned 
subsidiaries.

In addition, and in accordance with FRS 
101, further disclosure exemptions have 
been adopted because equivalent 
disclosures are included in the company’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

Dividends received 
Dividends are credited to the profit and 
loss account when received.

Going concern 
Details on the Group’s adoption of the 
going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the annual financial statements 
can be found on page 74.

Depreciation 
Provision for depreciation on tangible 
fixed assets is made in equal annual 
instalments to write each item off over its 
useful life. The rates generally used are: 

Disclosure exemptions adopted
In preparing these financial statements 
the company has taken advantage of all 
disclosure exemptions conferred by FRS 
101 as well as disclosure exemptions 
conferred by IFRS 2, 7, 13 and 16. 

Therefore these financial statements do 
not include:
••   certain comparative information as 

otherwise required by IFRS;

••   certain disclosures regarding the 

company’s capital;

Office equipment  

10 – 33 percent

Joint ventures
Investments in joint ventures, being those 
entities over whose activities the Group 
has joint control as established by 
contractual agreement, are included at 
cost, less impairment.

Other Investments 
Investments of the company in 
subsidiaries are stated in the balance 
sheet as fixed assets at cost less 
provisions for impairment. 

110 Bisichi PLC

Foreign currencies  
Monetary assets and liabilities expressed 
in foreign currencies have been 
translated at the rates of exchange ruling 
at the balance sheet date. All exchange 
differences are taken to the profit and 
loss account.

Financial instruments 
Details on the Group’s accounting policy 
for financial instruments can be found on 
page 79. 

Deferred taxation 
Details on the Group’s accounting policy 
for deferred taxation can be found on 
page 81. 

Leased assets and liabilities
Details on the Group’s accounting policy 
for leased assets and liabilities can be 
found on page 80. 

Pensions
Details on the Group’s accounting policy 
for pensions can be found on page 79. 

Share based remuneration
Details on the Group’s accounting policy 
for share based remuneration can be 
found on page 79. Details of the share 
options in issue are disclosed in the 
directors’ remuneration report on page 41 
under the heading share option schemes 
which is within the audited part of this 
report.

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

33. PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT
A separate profit and loss account for Bisichi PLC has not been presented as permitted by Section 408(2) of the Companies Act 
2006. The profit for the financial year, before dividends paid, was £15,415,000 (2021: loss: £203,000)

Details of share capital are set out in note 24 of the Group financial statements and details of the share options are shown in the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report on page 41 under the heading Share option schemes which is within the audited part of this report 
and note 26 of the Group financial statements.

34. DIVIDENDS
Details on dividends can be found in note 9 in the Group financial statements.

35. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

Cost at 1 January 2022

Additions
Disposals 

Cost at 31 December 2022

Accumulated depreciation at 1 January 2022

Charge for the year
Disposals

Accumulated depreciation at 31 December 2022

Net book value at 31 December 2022
Net book value at 31 December 2021

Leasehold 
Property
£’000

Motor 
Vehicles
£’000

Office
equipment
£’000

Total
£’000

45

-
-

45

-

-
-

-

45

45

104

-
-

104

56

27
-

83

21

48

70

46
(72)

44

70

14
(72)

12

32

-

219

46
(72)

193

126

41
(72)

95

98

93

Leasehold property consists of a single unit with a long leasehold tenant. The term remaining on the lease is 37 years. Motor 
Vehicles comprise wholly of Right of Use leased assets. 

36. INVESTMENTS

Joint 
ventures
shares
£’000

Shares in 
subsidiaries
£’000

Other 
investments
£’000

Net book value at 1 January 2022

665

6,356

Invested during the year

Repayment
Gain in investments

-

-
-

-

-
-

3,631

9,758

(1,517)
718

Net book value at 31 December 2022

665

6,356

12,590

Investments in subsidiaries are detailed in note 15. In the opinion of the directors the aggregate value of the investment in 
subsidiaries is not less than the amount shown in these financial statements.

Other investments comprise of £12,590,000 (2021: £3,631,000) shares in listed companies.

Total
£’000

9,987

9,758

(1,517)
718

18,946

Bisichi PLC

111111

Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

37. DEBTORS

Amounts due within one year:
Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings

Other debtors

Joint venture
Prepayments and accrued income

Amounts due in more than one year:
Deferred taxation

2022
£’000 

2021 
£’000 

1,079

237

1,379
59

2,754

1,159

1,159

2,421

94

1,065
56

3,636

220

220

Amounts due within one year are held at amortised cost. The Group applies a simplified approach to measure the loss allowance 
for trade receivables using the lifetime expected loss provision. The Group applies a general approach on all other receivables. The 
general approach recognises lifetime expected credit losses when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial 
recognition. The company has reviewed and assessed the underlying performance and resources of its counterparties including its 
subsidiary undertakings and joint ventures. 

38. CREDITORS

Amounts falling due within one year:
Amounts due to subsidiary undertakings

Joint venture

Other taxation and social security

Other creditors

Lease Liabilities
Accruals and deferred income

Amounts falling due in more than one year:
Lease Liabilities

2022
£’000 

2021 
£’000 

15

120

64

71

11
2,233

2,514

-

156

64

164

26
44

454

9

20

Lease liabilities comprise of leases on Motor vehicles with remaining leases of 1-3 years. With the exception of short-term leases 
and leases of low-value underlying assets, each lease is reflected on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability. 

112 Bisichi PLC

 
Financial statements Notes to the financial statements

39. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

At 31 December

Related party:
Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd (note (a))
Ninghi Marketing Limited (note (b))

As at 31 December 2022

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd (note (a))
Ninghi Marketing Limited (note (b))

As at 31 December 2021 

At 31  
December

During 
the year
Costs  

Amounts 
owed
by related 
party
£’000

recharged /
accrued (to)/ 
by related 
party
£’000

Cash paid 
(to)/ by 
related party
£’000

(145)
(102)

(247)

(637)
(102)

(739)

(972)
-

(972)

(923)
-

(923)

1,464
-

1,464

1,617
-

1,617

(a)  Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd – Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd is a coal mining company based in South Africa. 

(b)  Ninghi Marketing Limited – Ninghi Marketing Limited is a dormant coal marketing company incorporated in England & Wales. 

Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd and NInghi Marketing Limited are subsidiaries of the company.

In addition to the above, the company has issued a company guarantee of R20,061,917 (2021: R20,061,917) (South African Rand) 
to the bankers of Black Wattle Colliery (Pty) Ltd in order to cover bank guarantees issued to third parties in respect of the 
rehabilitation of mining land.

A provision of £102,000 has been raised against the amount owing by Ninghi Marketing Limited in prior years as the company is dormant.

In 2012 a loan was made to one of the directors, Mr A R Heller, for £116,000. Further details on the loan can be found in note 28 of 
the Group financial statements. 

Under FRS 101, the company has taken advantage of the exemption from disclosing transactions with other wholly owned Group 
companies. Details of other related party transactions are given in note 28 of the Group financial statements.

40. EMPLOYEES

The average weekly numbers of employees of the company during the year were as follows:
Directors & administration

Staff costs during the year were as follows:

Salaries

Social security costs

Pension costs
Share based payments

2022
£’000 

2021
£’000 

5

5

3,264

580

21
2,220

6,085

1,426

189

31
-

1,646

Bisichi PLC

113

www.bisichi.co.uk

Bisichi PLC
2nd floor,  
12 Little Portland Street,  
London W1W 8BJ

email: admin@bisichi.co.uk