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BorgWarner

bwa · NYSE Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker bwa
Exchange NYSE
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Auto - Parts
Employees 10,000+
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FY2019 Annual Report · BorgWarner
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Strengthening Leadership 
in Electrification

BorgWarner Inc.

World Headquarters

3850 Hamlin Road

Auburn Hills, MI 48326 

borgwarner.com 

Driving Toward a Cleaner Future

2019 Stockholders letter and annual report on form 10-K

F R É D É R I C   L I S S A L D E  
President and Chief Executive Officer

We maintained focus  
and delivered stronger-
than-expected top-line 
and margin performance.

DEAR FELLOW STOCKHOLDERS,

Chief Financial Officer at the start of the 

As I look back on my first full year as 

President and CEO, I am grateful for the 

strength of the team around me and 

our ability to work cohesively to drive 

the business forward. We made several 

second quarter of 2019. Given his broad 

financial and operational experience, 

Kevin made an immediate positive impact 

on our business and engaged well with 

our corporate culture, continuing our long 

legacy of financial discipline and strength, 

important changes to our executive team, 

and enhancing our already strong finance 

most of which were internal promotions. 

Our ability to successfully promote from 

within highlights both the breadth and 

depth of our talent base, plus the strength 

team. Ultimately, we ended 2019 with a 

world-class management team that allows 

us to function effectively and efficiently.

of our internal development programs, 

External Commitment and Recognition 

which are crucial to our long-term success.  

As a world leader in clean and efficient 

One important management addition last 

solutions for combustion, hybrid and 

year was Kevin Nowlan, who joined the 

electric vehicles, BorgWarner has received 

Company as Executive Vice President and 

numerous awards for our products and 

No Offer or Solicitation
This communication is being made in respect of the proposed 
acquisition (the “proposed transaction”) of Delphi Technologies 
PLC (“Delphi Technologies”) by BorgWarner Inc. (“BorgWar-
ner”). This communication is not intended to and does not 
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to 
subscribe for or buy or an invitation to purchase or subscribe for 
any securities or the solicitation of any vote or approval in any 
jurisdiction pursuant to the proposed transaction or otherwise, 
nor shall there be any sale, issuance or transfer of securities in 
any jurisdiction in contravention of applicable law. In particular, 
this communication is not an offer of securities for sale into the 
United States. No offer of securities shall be made in the United 
States absent registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, 
as amended (the “Securities Act”), or pursuant to an exemption 
from, or in a transaction not subject to, such registration require-
ments. Any securities issued in the proposed transaction are 
anticipated to be issued in reliance upon available exemptions 
from such registration requirements pursuant to Section 3(a)
(10) of the Securities Act. In connection with the proposed 
transaction, Delphi Technologies will file certain proxy materials, 
which shall constitute the scheme document and the proxy 
statement relating to the proposed transaction (the “proxy 
statement”). The proxy statement will contain the full terms and 
conditions of the proposed transaction, including details with 
respect to the Delphi Technologies shareholder vote in respect 
of the proposed transaction. Any decision in respect of, or other 
response to, the proposed transaction should be made only on 
the basis of the information contained in the proxy statement.

Participants in the Solicitation
Delphi Technologies, BorgWarner and certain of their respective 
directors, executive officers and employees may be deemed 
“participants” in the solicitation of proxies from Delphi Tech-
nologies shareholders in respect of the proposed transaction. 
Information regarding the foregoing persons, including a de-
scription of their direct or indirect interests, by security holdings 
or otherwise, will be set forth in the proxy statement and any 
other relevant documents to be filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You can find information 
about Delphi Technologies’ directors and executive officers in its 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 
31, 2019 and its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on 
Schedule 14A on March 15, 2019. You can find information about 
BorgWarner’s directors and executive officers in its Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2019 and its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on 
Schedule 14A on March 15, 2019.

Additional Information and Where to Find It
This communication may be deemed solicitation material in 
respect of the proposed transaction. In connection with the 
proposed transaction, Delphi Technologies will file with the 
SEC and furnish to Delphi Technologies’ shareholders a proxy 
statement and other relevant documents. This communication 
does not constitute a solicitation of any vote or approval. Before 
making any voting decision, Delphi Technologies’ shareholders 
are urged to read the proxy statement and any other relevant 
documents filed or to be filed with the SEC in connection with 
the proposed transaction or incorporated by reference in the 
proxy statement (if any) carefully and in their entirety when 
they become available because they will contain important 
information about the proposed transaction and the parties to 
the proposed transaction. Investors will be able to obtain free of 
charge the proxy statement and other documents filed with the 
SEC at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, the 
proxy statement and Delphi Technologies’ and BorgWarner’s 
respective annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on 
Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to 
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to section 13(a) or 
15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, 
are available free of charge through Delphi Technologies’ and 
BorgWarner’s websites at www.delphi.com and www.borgwar-
ner.com, respectively, as soon as reasonably practicable after 
they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This communication may contain forward-looking statements as 
contemplated by the 1995 Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act that reflect, when made, Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWar-
ner’s respective current views with respect to future events, 
including the proposed transaction, and financial performance 
or that are based on their respective management’s current 
outlook, expectations, estimates and projections, including 
with respect to the combined company following the proposed 
transaction, if completed. Such forward-looking statements 
are subject to many risks, uncertainties and factors relating to 
Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s respective operations 
and business environment, which may cause the actual results 
of Delphi Technologies or BorgWarner to be materially different 
from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. 
All statements that address future operating, financial or 
business performance or Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s 
respective strategies or expectations are forward-looking 

statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by 
forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” 
“could,” “designed,”“effect,” “evaluates,” “forecasts,” “goal,” 
“guidance,” “initiative,” “intends,” “pursue,” “seek,” “target,” 
“when,” “will,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “be-
lieves,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “projects,” “potential,” “outlook” 
or “continue,” the negatives thereof and other comparable 
terminology. Factors that could cause actual results relating 
to the proposed transaction with Delphi Technologies to differ 
materially from these forward-looking statements include, but 
are not limited to, the possibility that the proposed transaction 
will not be pursued; failure to obtain necessary shareholder ap-
provals, regulatory approvals or required financing or to satisfy 
any of the other conditions to the proposed transaction; adverse 
effects on the market price of Delphi Technologies’ ordinary 
shares or BorgWarner’s shares of common stock and on Delphi 
Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s operating results because of a 
failure to complete the proposed transaction; failure to realize 
the expected benefits of the proposed transaction; failure to 
promptly and effectively integrate Delphi Technologies’ busi-
nesses; negative effects relating to the announcement of the 
proposed transaction or any further announcements relating to 
the proposed transaction or the consummation of the proposed 
transaction on the market price of Delphi Technologies’ ordinary 
shares or BorgWarner’s shares of common stock; significant 
transaction costs and/or unknown or inestimable liabilities; 
potential litigation associated with the proposed transaction; 
general economic and business conditions that affect the com-
bined company following the consummation of the proposed 
transaction; changes in global, political, economic, business, 
competitive, market and regulatory forces; changes in tax laws, 
regulations, rates and policies; future business acquisitions or 
disposals; competitive developments; and the timing and occur-
rence (or non-occurrence) of other events or circumstances that 
may be beyond Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s control.

For additional information about these and other factors,
see the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in Delphi 
Technologies’ most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
with the SEC and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” filed on February 
13, 2020, and the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in 
BorgWarner’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with 
the SEC and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations” on February 13, 2020.

Delphi Technologies’ and BorgWarner’s forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this communication 
or as of the date they are made. Delphi Technologies and 
BorgWarner each disclaim any intent or obligation to update 
or revise any “forward looking statement” made in this com-
munication to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence 
of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results 
over time, except as may be required by law. All subsequent 
written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to 
Delphi Technologies, BorgWarner or their respective directors, 
executive officers or any person acting on behalf of any of them 
are expressly qualified in their entirety by this paragraph.

Forward-looking statements concerning BorgWarner’s 
business without regard to the proposed transaction are also 
subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to 
predict and generally beyond our control, that could cause actu-
al results to differ materially from those expressed, projected or 
implied in or by the forward-looking statements. These risks and 
uncertainties, among others, include: our dependence on auto-
motive and truck production, both of which are highly cyclical; 
our reliance on major OEM customers; commodities availability 
and pricing; supply disruptions; fluctuations in interest rates and 
foreign currency exchange rates; availability of credit; our de-
pendence on key management; our dependence on information 
systems; the uncertainty of the global economic environment; 
the outcome of existing or any future legal proceedings, includ-
ing litigation with respect to various claims; future changes in 
laws and regulations, including, by way of example, tariffs, in the 
countries in which we operate; and the other risks noted under 
Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of BorgWarner’s most recent Annual 
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and in other reports that 
we file with the SEC.

This should not be construed as a complete list of all of 
the economic, competitive, governmental, technological 
and other factors that could adversely affect our expected 
consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 
Additional risks and uncertainties, including without limitation 
those not currently known to us or that we currently believe are 
immaterial, also may impair our business, operations, liquidity, 
financial condition and prospects.

Adj. EPS Guidance to US GAAP Reconciliation 
The Company defines Adjusted earnings per share as  
Adjusted net income divided by diluted shares. Because not 
all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of 

Adjusted operating income and Adjusted earnings per share 
may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of 
other companies.

        Full-Year 2020
               Low    High
Earnings per diluted share                                       $3.22  $3.75 
Non-comparable items: 
               0.41     0.23 
Restructuring and other expense 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense         0.22     0.17
             $3.85   $4.15 
Adjusted earnings per diluted share 

Adjusted Earnings Per Share to US GAAP Reconciliation
The Company defines adjusted earnings per diluted share as 
earnings per diluted share adjusted for the items below and 
related tax effects.

            Year Ended December 31
                                                                2019    2018
            $3.61    $4.44 

                                      0.26     0.24 
                                      0.10        - 
              0.07        -  

Earnings per diluted share 
Non-comparable items: 
Restructuring expense 
Pension settlement loss 
Unfavorable arbitration loss 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense      0.05    0.03 
Asset impairment and loss on divestiture           0.03    0.09 
              0.01     0.04 
Officer stock awards modification 
             (0.02)     - 
Gain on derecognition of subsidiary 
                  -        0.08 
Asbestos-related adjustments 
                                        -        (0.07)
Gain on sale of building 
                 -        (0.01) 
Gain on commercial settlement 
                                         -        (0.06) 
Tax reform adjustments 
Tax adjustments 
                                      0.02  (0.30) 
Adjusted earnings per diluted share 

            $4.13     $4.48

Adjusted Operating Income to US GAAP Reconciliation 

                                                  FY 2020 Guidance 
                                                           Low 
  High
                                                        $9,750 $10,075 
                                   $975    $1,110 
                                     10.0%     11.0%

Net Sales 
Operating income 
Operating margin 
Non-comparable items 
Restructuring expense 
                                    $115        $65 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense        45          35 
          $1,135   $1,210 
Adjusted operating income 
               11.6%   12.0%     
Adjusted operating income margin 

Free Cash Flow to US GAAP Reconciliation 
The Company defines free cash flow as net cash provided 
by operating activities plus the derecognition of subsidiary 
minus capital expenditures. The measure is useful to both 
management and investors in evaluating the Company’s ability 
to service and repay its debt. 

                                       Year Ended December 31 
                                                               2019     2018
Cash provided by operating activities           $1,008   $1,126 
Derecognition of subsidiary 
                 172         -    
Capital expenditures                                             (481)    (546)
                                      $699    $580
Free cash flow 

                                           Full Year 2020 Outlook 
                                                                Low     High
Cash provided by operating activities            $1,250  $1,250  
Derecognition of subsidiary 
Capital expenditures                                              (575)    (525)
                                      $675     $725
Free cash flow 

                  -            - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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E A R N I N G S   P E R F O R M A N C E *

 Per Diluted Share 

S A L E S

 Billions of Dollars

$4.48

$4.13

$3.89

$3.27

$3.04

$10.5B

$10.2B

$9.8B

$9.1B

$8.0B

2015

2016 2017 2018 2019

2015

2016 2017 2018 2019

*Excludes impact of M&A and non-comparable items

achievements over the company’s long 

leaders and mentors to ensure all are 

Advancing our Global Product Leadership 

Chief Financial Officer at the start of the 

second quarter of 2019. Given his broad 

financial and operational experience, 

history. There were two important but 

invited, and their contributions are valued. 

less obvious developments that occurred 

BorgWarner gained its reputation as one of 

the foremost industry leaders by developing 

Kevin made an immediate positive impact 

during 2019 that I want to highlight: 

Second, we were proud to be named as 

on our business and engaged well with 

one of Barron’s 100 Most Sustainable U.S. 

a unique portfolio of market-leading 

our corporate culture, continuing our long 

First, BorgWarner joined a growing 

Companies during 2019. This designation 

legacy of financial discipline and strength, 

coalition of more than 800 CEOs that 

is determined by 200 key indicators and 

and enhancing our already strong finance 

have come together for CEO Action for 

nearly 30 issues related to environmental, 

team. Ultimately, we ended 2019 with a 

Diversity and Inclusion in the workplace. I 

social and corporate governance. 

world-class management team that allows 

am committed to cultivating a workplace 

Companies on the list serve a variety of 

us to function effectively and efficiently.

where diverse perspectives and 

industries, and BorgWarner is one of just 

External Commitment and Recognition 

As a world leader in clean and efficient 

solutions for combustion, hybrid and 

electric vehicles, BorgWarner has received 

numerous awards for our products and 

experiences are welcomed and respected. 

a few automotive companies to receive 

For BorgWarner to remain an innovative, 

this honor.  Our vision is to achieve a clean, 

global leader, we need to include all 

energy-efficient world, and this recognition 

possible talents and attract, develop 

from Barron’s confirms our progress 

and retain the best people.  A common 

toward turning this vision into a reality.  

denominator across these issues is access, 

and so our strategy includes access to 

products that are able to meet and exceed 

the demands of the world’s leading OEMs – 

and consistently building upon that legacy. 

Over the past year, we have maintained and 

expanded our competitive advantages 

during a less favorable industry 

environment. We firmly believe we have the 

right strategy in place, which will allow us to 

maintain our long-term profitable growth 

trajectory. We continue to relentlessly 

pursue new business and deliver important 

new technologies, maintaining and growing 

our leadership position. 

 
 
 
 
2

“We continue 
to relentlessly 
pursue new 
business and 
deliver important 
new technologies.”

Of course, improving fuel economy and 

allow automakers maximum flexibility 

reducing emissions remain the key focuses 

when considering which propulsion 

of our technologies for combustion vehicles, 

technology is right for their company and 

where we have innovative solutions ready for 

specific program. 

any technological challenge and any type of 

vehicle. The overall market will increase for 

I am delighted that we recently secured a 

many of our combustion products as they are 

contract with a major European OEM to 

viable and available for hybrid vehicles. Even 

supply our high-performing eTurbo™ on a 

though combustion market volumes are 

passenger vehicle. This business award 

declining, we have continued to increase our 

marks our first serial production contract for 

penetration within the market and are 

the eTurbo, with production slated to begin 

confident about our prospects and the 

in 2022. The integrated solution delivers the 

trends in cleaner combustion. 

traditional benefits of a standard 

turbocharger with the added advantage of 

We believe our combined knowledge of 

electrified boost assistance for superior 

combustion and hybrid technology is a 

response. We believe this is one of the 

major competitive advantage, and our 

largest industry awards to date for this type 

highly diverse hybrid product portfolio 

of technology and is an important milestone 

ensures we are invited to the table by 

for our company. 

every major OEM to discuss their hybrid 

options. For light vehicles as well as 

With our dynamic electric vehicle (EV) 

commercial vehicles, our creative solutions 

product portfolio, we already cover virtually 

U S E S O F C A S H

Millions of Dollars

Dividends

M & A Activity

Share Repurchase

Capital Expenditures

Derecognition of Asbestos-related Subsidiary

$117

$113

$577

$501

$124

$560

$142

$6

$140

$546

$481

$288

$1200 

$350

$189 

$100

$150

2015

2016

2017

$63

$100

2018

$172

2019

 
 
 
C U S T O M E R   D I V E R S I T Y   W O R L D W I D E

2019 Sales

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17%  CHINA

 4%  Great Wall
  2%  VW/Audi
  1%  FAW
  1%  Chang’an
  1%  Honda
  8%  Other China

35% AMERICAS

 12%  Ford
  6%  FCA
  3%  GM
  3%  Asian OEMs
  3%  Commercial Vehicle
  2%  Aftermarket
  6%  Other Americas

11%  ASIA  (EX. CHINA)

  6%  Hyundai
  5%  Other Asia

37% EUROPE

 10%  VW/Audi
  5%  Daimler PC
  3%  BMW
  3%  Ford  
  2%  Renault/Nissan
   2%  Volvo
  2%  Commercial Vehicle
  2%  JLR
  1%  Aftermarket
  7%  Other Europe

all critical fields of EV technology. Our unique 

production in 2021. With the first contract 

competitive position means we design and 

secured, we have ongoing interest from 

produce the motor, transmission and power 

several customers and are currently 

electronics, and fully understand the overall 

pursuing multiple additional program 

design, structure and cost of the system.  

awards. Clearly, with our ongoing product 

leadership capability, we believe we are well 

One of the most important developments at 

positioned to manage the business 

the company during 2019 was the first 

throughout the demand cycle. 

contract award for the Integrated Drive 

eTurbo™

Module (iDM).  This product integrates our 

Produced Strong 2019 Financial Results, 

highly efficient power electronics with our 

advanced transmission system and drive 

motor technology. Importantly, all of the 

Plus 2020 Guidance that Highlights Market 
Outgrowth  

components in the iDM are part of 

It is no secret that 2019 was a turbulent year 

BorgWarner’s owned technologies. We are 

for the industry, with challenges across 

supplying an Asian EV brand for an electric 

multiple fronts.  I am pleased to report that 

vehicle, which is scheduled to go into mass 

we maintained focus and delivered stronger-

“As a management team, we are taking 
the tough but necessary actions to 
maintain our company’s historically 
strong margin profile and strengthen 
our competitive positioning.”

 Integrated Drive Module (iDM)

Torque Vectoring Dual-Clutch

 
 
 
4

$2.5B - $2.6B

Net New Business 2020 thru 2023

$699M 

Free Cash Flow

than-expected top-line and margin 

was ahead of our latest guidance, due to our 

taking the tough but necessary actions to 

$2.1 billion, which we believe will support 

performance, which exceeded the guidance 

robust fourth-quarter performance. 

maintain our company’s historically strong 

average outgrowth of 500 basis points. 

we provided in July 2019. Our performance 

Additionally, we were particularly pleased 

margin profile and strengthen our 

Within this, we expect more than 20% of 

is even more impressive when you consider 

with our strong free cash flow results of 

competitive positioning. 

the industry was down for the year. 

$699 million for the year. Overall, we are 

our net backlog will be related to vehicles 

with electric propulsion systems. 

Excluding the impact of foreign currencies 

proud of these results given the challenges 

Overall, we anticipate the challenging 

and the net impact of acquisitions and 

we faced, and while we will continue to face 

industry conditions to continue in 2020, 

divestitures, our organic sales for 2019 were 

a difficult environment in 2020, we have the 

as end markets are likely to decline for the 

up 0.7%, despite the 4.6% decline in 

confidence to execute our strategy, knowing 

third straight year. However, we are on 

Focused on Consistent Cash Flow and 
Balanced Capital Deployment 

industry production. BorgWarner’s market 

we are more than capable of achieving 

track to outgrow the market despite this 

Driving cash flow has become an 

outgrowth was approximately 530 basis 

strong market outgrowth in the future. 

headwind. As a result, we expect adjusted 

important focus for the company in recent 

points for the year, which was well ahead of 

operating margin to be in the range of 

years. We are very proud of our track 

our expectations. Our revenue outgrowth 

Clearly, an important factor in achieving 

11.6% to 12.0%.  For full-year adjusted EPS, 

record in 2019 as we delivered full year 

was driven primarily by higher volumes of 

our recent results is the ongoing 

our guidance range is $3.85 to $4.15 per 

free cash flow of $699 million, compared 

new programs and strong mix, especially in 

implementation of our near-term cost 

diluted share. And finally, we are targeting 

with $580 million in 2018.  This significant 

Europe and Asia, during the second half of 

control actions to sustain our strong 

free cash flow of $675 to $725 million, 

increase, despite the overall industry 

the year. Margin performance was driven by 

margin profile. Over the past year, the 

even with an expected increase in capital 

volume decline, was driven by our strong 

strong sales and our focus on cost 

team has identified additional 

spending to support future growth. 

margin profile and increased focus on 

management actions. 

restructuring opportunities in all major 

Importantly, we believe our recently 

cash management. 

Importantly, our top-line performance drove 

generate significant annual cost savings 

assertions. For 2021 to 2023, we expect a 

Of course, a strong focus on cash 

$4.13 of adjusted earnings per share, which 

by 2023. As a management team, we are 

combined net new business backlog of 

generation allows us to reinvest in the 

regions. These actions are expected to 

announced backlog supports these 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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“Of course, a strong focus on cash generation 
allows us to reinvest in the business to 
support our continued revenue outgrowth 
initiatives.  It also gives us an ability to 
provide real cash returns to our shareholders.”

taking the tough but necessary actions to 

$2.1 billion, which we believe will support 

T O T A L   S T O C K H O L D E R   R E T U R N

maintain our company’s historically strong 

average outgrowth of 500 basis points. 

margin profile and strengthen our 

Within this, we expect more than 20% of 

competitive positioning. 

our net backlog will be related to vehicles 

$100 invested on 12/31/14 in stock or index, including  
reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.

Overall, we anticipate the challenging 

industry conditions to continue in 2020, 

as end markets are likely to decline for the 

third straight year. However, we are on 

with electric propulsion systems. 

Focused on Consistent Cash Flow and 
Balanced Capital Deployment 

track to outgrow the market despite this 

Driving cash flow has become an 

headwind. As a result, we expect adjusted 

important focus for the company in recent 

operating margin to be in the range of 

years. We are very proud of our track 

11.6% to 12.0%.  For full-year adjusted EPS, 

record in 2019 as we delivered full year 

our guidance range is $3.85 to $4.15 per 

free cash flow of $699 million, compared 

diluted share. And finally, we are targeting 

with $580 million in 2018.  This significant 

free cash flow of $675 to $725 million, 

increase, despite the overall industry 

even with an expected increase in capital 

volume decline, was driven by our strong 

spending to support future growth. 

margin profile and increased focus on 

Importantly, we believe our recently 

cash management. 

announced backlog supports these 

assertions. For 2021 to 2023, we expect a 

Of course, a strong focus on cash 

combined net new business backlog of 

generation allows us to reinvest in the 

$200

$150

$100

$50

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

SIC 3714 Motor Vehicle Parts

S&P 500

BorgWarner Inc.

 
 
 
6

The Drivetrain Segment
The Drivetrain Segment harnesses BorgWarner’s legacy of 

more than 100 years as an innovator in transmission and 

all-wheel drive technology. By leveraging its deep 

understanding of powertrain clutching technology, the 

Drivetrain group is developing leading-edge interactive 

control systems and advancing the capabilities of hybrid 

and electric vehicles.

Sales in Millions of Dollars

$4,140 M

$4,015 M

$3,790 M

$3,524 M

$2,557 M

AWD Transfer Case

The Engine Segment
The Engine Segment  develops thermal management strategies 

and products to optimize vehicle fuel efficiency, reduce 

emissions and enhance performance. The group’s efforts are 

enhanced by BorgWarner’s efforts in innovating new engine 

timing systems, boosting systems, ignition systems and 

thermal management systems. This unique combination of 

expertise allows BorgWarner to continually break new ground 

in combustion, hybrid and electric vehicle technology.

P2 On-Axis

Sales in Millions of Dollars

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

Electric Drive Motor (eDM)

business to support our continued 

in October 2019 we completed a 

balanced approach to capital allocation 

systems that is well positioned to take 

revenue outgrowth initiatives.  It also 

transaction with Enstar Holdings (US) 

and demonstrates confidence in our 

advantage of future propulsion migration. The 

gives us an ability to provide real cash 

LLC, to divest the subsidiary that was the 

ability to deliver strong free cash flow 

addition of Delphi Technologies would provide 

returns to our shareholders. BorgWarner 

obligor for the company’s asbestos-

generation over the long term.  

has been relatively balanced in how it has 

related liabilities and improved our free 

deployed capital over time.  Over the last 

cash flow generation ability going 

five years, we’ve utilized approximately 

forward. Finally, we returned $140 million 

half of our free cash flow for strategic 

to investors via our dividends and 

Delivering Our Ongoing Evolution: 
Acquisition of Delphi Technologies  

industry-leading electronics and power 

electronics technology and talent, with an 

established production, supply and customer 

base. At the same time, it would enhance our 

combustion, commercial vehicle and 

growth opportunities, while deploying the 

repurchased $100 million worth of 

In January 2020, we announced the proposed 

aftermarket businesses – delivering even better 

other half toward returns of capital to 

BorgWarner stock during the year. 

acquisition of Delphi Technologies in an 

market balance for the combined company. 

shareholders. We believe our 2019 

all-stock transaction that estimated Delphi 

acquisitions of Rinehart Motion Systems 

More recently, the Board of Directors 

Technologies’ enterprise value at 

We have been positioning BorgWarner to be 

and AM Racing, as well as our joint 

authorized a $1 billion share repurchase 

approximately $3.3 billion. This deal would 

slightly overweight in hybrid and electric 

venture with Romeo Systems, Inc., have 

program to be executed over the next 

strengthen BorgWarner’s electronics and 

vehicle revenue by 2023, while maintaining a 

positioned our company for success in 

three years. This is consistent with our 

power electronics products, capabilities and 

balanced exposure to the overall industry. As 

both the near- and long-term. In addition, 

historical approach of maintaining a 

scale, creating a leader in electrified propulsion 

the industry transitions toward electrification, 

 
 
 
 
2 0 1 9   S T O C K H O L D E R S   L E T T E R   A N D   A N N U A L   R E P O R T   O N   F O R M   10 - K

7

AWD Transfer Case

The Engine Segment
The Engine Segment  develops thermal management strategies 

and products to optimize vehicle fuel efficiency, reduce 

emissions and enhance performance. The group’s efforts are 

enhanced by BorgWarner’s efforts in innovating new engine 

timing systems, boosting systems, ignition systems and 

thermal management systems. This unique combination of 

expertise allows BorgWarner to continually break new ground 

in combustion, hybrid and electric vehicle technology.

Boosting Technologies

P2 On-Axis

Variable Cam Timing

Sales in Millions of Dollars

$6,447 M

$6,214 M

$6,062 M

$5,500 M

$5,590 M

Electric Drive Motor (eDM)

Cabin and Battery Heaters

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

balanced approach to capital allocation 

systems that is well positioned to take 

the addition of Delphi Technologies is an 

energy-efficient world.  

and demonstrates confidence in our 

advantage of future propulsion migration. The 

important move, with the combined 

When reviewing 2019, it is clear we will 

ability to deliver strong free cash flow 

addition of Delphi Technologies would provide 

company offering a unique, more 

continue to accelerate our evolution, while 

generation over the long term.  

industry-leading electronics and power 

comprehensive portfolio, resulting in greater 

maintaining prudent financial controls. We 

Delivering Our Ongoing Evolution: 
Acquisition of Delphi Technologies  

electronics technology and talent, with an 

content per vehicle. 

established production, supply and customer 

expect to continue to outgrow the market and 

preserve our strong margin performance, 

base. At the same time, it would enhance our 

Once the deal is completed, we expect the 

successfully managing through the anticipated 

combustion, commercial vehicle and 

combined company to realize meaningful 

weaker industry volume environment. We are 

In January 2020, we announced the proposed 

aftermarket businesses – delivering even better 

run-rate cost synergies by 2023, driven 

both proud and protective of BorgWarner’s 

acquisition of Delphi Technologies in an 

market balance for the combined company. 

primarily by SG&A and procurement savings. In 

unique ability to deliver a breadth of products 

all-stock transaction that estimated Delphi 

addition, we expect significant long-term 

at the cutting edge of technology for all vehicle 

Technologies’ enterprise value at 

We have been positioning BorgWarner to be 

revenue synergies, primarily from the 

propulsion categories.

approximately $3.3 billion. This deal would 

slightly overweight in hybrid and electric 

opportunity to offer more integrated electrified 

strengthen BorgWarner’s electronics and 

vehicle revenue by 2023, while maintaining a 

products. We are confident that this transaction 

power electronics products, capabilities and 

balanced exposure to the overall industry. As 

will deliver enhanced returns for stockholders, 

scale, creating a leader in electrified propulsion 

the industry transitions toward electrification, 

while also advancing our vision of a clean, 

 
 
8

Finally, and most importantly, on behalf 

of the management team and Board 

of Directors, I want to commend the 

entire BorgWarner team for how they 

have reacted to the challenging external 

environment. We appreciate your efforts!  

It is your dedication, intelligence and 

ingenuity that allow the company to 

successfully manage the present while 

continuing to prospectively position 

for the future. Our ongoing success is 

predicated on our 29,000 team members 

working together to achieve our vision. 

Sincerely,

Frédéric B. Lissalde  

President and Chief Executive Officer

See accompanying Annual Report on Form 

10-K for important information and inside 

back cover for non-GAAP reconciliations.

Successfully manage the present 
while continuing to prospectively 
position for the future.

BorgWarner will provide its full financial report electronically as part of its environmental initiative to conserve resources 

and reduce costs. For more information on the company’s financial performance and sustainability initiatives, please visit our 

website at borgwarner.com.

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington D.C. 20549
Form 10-K 
ANNUAL REPORT
(Mark One)
 Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 
OR
 Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from                              to                              

Commission File Number: 1-12162 
 BorgWarner Inc. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization

13-3404508
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3850 Hamlin Road,
Auburn Hills, Michigan 48326 
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (248) 754-9200 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
1.80% Senior Notes due 2022

Trading Symbol(s)
BWA
BWA22

Name of each exchange on
which registered
New York Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

_________________________                                                                                       

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 

Yes 

    No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.   

 No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
during  the  preceding  12 months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required to  file  such  reports),  and  (2) has  been  subject  to  such  filing 
requirements for the past 90 days.    

Yes 

    No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of 
Regulation S-TT (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  

Yes 

    No 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and 
will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-
K or any amendment to this Form 10-K 

Yes  

    No  
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

  Yes  

Large accelerated filer
Emerging growth company

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 

new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

    No  
The aggregate market value of the voting common stock of the registrant held by stockholders (not including voting common stock held by directors and 
executive officers of the registrant) on June 28, 2019 (the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was approximately $8.6 
billion.

  Yes  

As of February 7, 2020, the registrant had 206,409,586 shares of voting common stock outstanding.

Portions of the following documents are incorporated herein by reference into the Part of the Form 10-K indicated.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the BorgWarner Inc. Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders

Part III

Document

Part of Form 10-K into which incorporated

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                               
 
BORGWARNER INC.

FORM 10-K

YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019

INDEX

PART I.

Business
Risk Factors
Unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
Legal Proceedings
Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial 
Disclosure
Controls and Procedures
Other Information

PART III.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and 
Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 1B.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.
Item 7.

Item 7A.
Item 8.
Item 9.

Item 9A.
Item 9B.

Item 10.
Item 11.
Item 12.

Item 13.
Item 14.

Item 15.
Item 16.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary

PART IV.

Page No.

5
15
25
26
27
27

27
30

31
51
52

114
115
115

116
116

116
116
117

117
117

2

  
 
 
 
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS FOR FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K") (including Management's 

Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations) may contain forward-looking 
statements as contemplated by the 1995 Private Securities Litigation Reform Act (the “Act”) that are 
based on management's current outlook, expectations, estimates and projections. Words such as 
"anticipates," "believes," "continues," "could," "designed," "effect," "estimates," "evaluates," "expects," 
"forecasts," "goal," "initiative," "intends," "outlook," "plans," "potential," "project," "pursue," "seek," 
"should," "target," "when," "would," and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to 
identify such forward-looking statements.  Further, all statements, other than statements of historical fact 
contained or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K, that we expect or anticipate will or may occur 
in the future regarding our financial position, business strategy and measures to implement that strategy, 
including changes to operations, competitive strengths, goals, expansion and growth of our business and 
operations, plans, references to future success and other such matters, are forward-looking statements.  
Accounting estimates, such as those described under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies" in Item 7 
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, are inherently forward-looking.  All forward looking statements are 
based on assumptions and analyses made by us in light of our experience and our perception of 
historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors we 
believe are appropriate in the circumstances. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of 
performance and the Company's actual results may differ materially from those expressed, projected or 
implied in or by the forward-looking statements.

You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the 

date of this Annual Report.  Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, many of 
which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control, that could cause actual results to differ 
materially from those expressed, projected or implied in or by the forward-looking statements.   These 
risks and uncertainties, among others, include: our dependence on automotive and truck production, both 
of which are highly cyclical; our reliance on major OEM customers; commodities availability and pricing; 
supply disruptions; fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates;  availability of 
credit; our dependence on key management; our dependence on information systems; the uncertainty of 
the global economic environment; the outcome of existing or any future legal proceedings, including 
litigation with respect to various claims; future changes in laws and regulations, including, by way of 
example, tariffs, in the countries in which we operate; and the other risks noted under Item 1A, “Risk 
Factors,” and in other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  We do not 
undertake any obligation to update or announce publicly any updates to or revisions to any of the 
forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in 
events, conditions, circumstances, or assumptions underlying the statements.

This section and the discussions contained in Item 1A, "Risk Factors," and in Item 7, subheading 
"Critical Accounting Policies" in this report, are intended to provide meaningful cautionary statements for 
purposes of the safe harbor provisions of the Act. This should not be construed as a complete list of all of 
the economic, competitive, governmental, technological and other factors that could adversely affect our 
expected consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. Additional risks and 
uncertainties, including without limitation those not currently known to us or that we currently believe are 
immaterial, also may impair our business, operations, liquidity, financial condition and prospects.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to results presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”), this report includes non-GAAP financial measures. The Company 
believes these non-GAAP financial measures provide additional information that is useful to investors in 

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
understanding the underlying performance and trends of the Company.  Readers should be aware that 
non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations and should be cautious with respect to the use of 
such measures. To compensate for these limitations, we use non-GAAP measures as comparative tools, 
together with GAAP measures, to assist in the evaluation of our operating performance or financial 
condition. We calculate these measures using the appropriate GAAP components in their entirety and 
compute them in a manner intended to facilitate consistent period-to-period comparisons. The 
Company's method of calculating these non-GAAP measures may differ from methods used by other 
companies. These non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for those 
financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.  Where non-GAAP financial measures are used, 
the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, as well as the reconciliation to the most directly 
comparable GAAP financial measure, can be found in this report. 

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
ITEM 1.   BUSINESS

PART I

BorgWarner Inc. (together with it Consolidated Subsidiaries, the “Company” or "BorgWarner") is a 

Delaware corporation incorporated in 1987. We are a global product leader in clean and efficient 
technology solutions for combustion, hybrid and electric vehicles. Our products help improve vehicle 
performance, propulsion efficiency, stability and air quality. We manufacture and sell these products 
worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light vehicles (passenger cars, 
sport-utility vehicles ("SUVs"), vans and light trucks). The Company's products are also sold to OEMs of 
commercial vehicles (medium-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks and buses) and off-highway vehicles 
(agricultural and construction machinery and marine applications). We also manufacture and sell our 
products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light, commercial and 
off-highway vehicles. The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving customers in Europe, the 
Americas and Asia and is an original equipment supplier to every major automotive OEM in the world. 

Proposed Acquisition of Delphi Technologies PLC

On January 28, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Delphi 

Technologies PLC (“Delphi Technologies”) in an all-stock transaction valued at approximately $3.3 billion, 
based on the closing price of BorgWarner stock on January 27, 2020. Refer to Note 23, “Subsequent 
Event,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information. The 
Company believes this acquisition will increase our power electronics products, capabilities and scale, 
creating a leader in electrified propulsion systems that is well positioned to take advantage of future 
propulsion migration, enhance our combustion, commercial vehicle and aftermarket businesses and 
maintain flexibility across combustion, hybrid and electric propulsion, consistent with our evolution 
towards the propulsion market of the future.

Financial Information About Reporting Segments

 Refer to Note 21, “Reporting Segments and Related Information,” to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in Item 8 of this report for financial information about the Company's reporting segments. 

Narrative Description of Reporting Segments

The Company reports its results under two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. Net sales by 

reporting segment for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:

(in millions)
Engine
Drivetrain
Inter-segment eliminations

Net sales

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

6,214 $
4,015
(61)
10,168 $

6,447 $
4,140
(57)
10,530 $

6,062
3,790
(53)
9,799

 The sales information presented above does not include the sales by the Company's unconsolidated 
joint ventures (see sub-heading “Joint Ventures”). Such unconsolidated sales totaled approximately $827 
million, $947 million, and $844 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Engine

The Engine Segment develops and manufactures products to improve fuel economy, reduce 

emissions and enhance performance. Increasingly stringent regulations of, and consumer demand for, 
better fuel economy and emissions performance are driving demand for the Engine Segment's products 
in combustion, hybrid and electric propulsion systems. The Engine Segment's technologies include: 
turbochargers, eBoosters, timing systems, emissions systems, thermal systems, gasoline ignition 
technology, cabin heaters, battery heaters and battery charging.

Turbochargers provide several benefits including increased power for a given engine size, improved 

fuel economy and reduced emissions. The Engine Segment has benefited from the growth in 
turbocharger demand around the world for both combustion and hybrid propulsion systems. The Engine 
Segment provides turbochargers for light, commercial and off-highway applications for combustion and 
hybrid vehicles in Europe, the Americas and Asia.  The Engine Segment also designs and manufactures 
turbocharger actuators using integrated electronics to precisely control turbocharger speed and pressure 
ratio.

Sales of turbochargers for light vehicles represented approximately 28%, 27% and 28% of total net 

sales for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Engine Segment 
currently supplies turbochargers to many OEMs including BMW, Daimler, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles 
("FCA"), Ford, General Motors, Hyundai, Jaguar Land Rover, Renault, Volkswagen and Volvo. The 
Engine Segment also supplies turbochargers to several commercial vehicle and off-highway OEMs 
including Caterpillar, Daimler, Deutz, John Deere, MAN, Navistar International and Weichai.

The Engine Segment's timing systems enable precise control of air and exhaust flow through the 
engine, improving fuel economy and emissions. The Engine Segment's timing systems products include 
timing chain, variable cam timing (“VCT”), crankshaft and camshaft sprockets, tensioners, guides and 
snubbers, HY-VO® front-wheel drive (“FWD”) transmission chain, four-wheel drive (“4WD”) chain for light 
vehicles and hybrid power transmission chain. The Engine Segment is a leading manufacturer of timing 
systems for OEMs around the world.

The Engine Segment's engine timing technology includes VCT with mid-position lock, which allows a 
greater range of camshaft positioning thereby enabling better control over airflow and the opportunity to 
improve fuel economy, reduce emissions and improve engine performance compared with conventional 
VCT systems.

The Engine Segment's emissions systems products improve emissions performance and fuel 
economy. Products include electric air pumps and exhaust gas recirculation ("EGR") modules, EGR 
coolers, EGR valves, glow plugs and instant starting systems for combustion, both gasoline and diesel 
propulsion systems, and hybrid vehicles.

The Engine Segment's thermal systems products are designed to optimize temperatures in 

propulsion systems and vehicle cabins. Products include viscous fan drives that sense and respond to 
multiple cooling requirements, polymer fans, coolant pumps, cabin heaters, battery heaters and battery 
charging. 

In 2017, the Company started exploring strategic options for its non-core emission product lines in 

the Engine segment and launched an active program to locate a buyer and initiated other actions 
required to complete the plan to sell and exit the non-core pipes and thermostat product lines. In 
December 2018, the Company reached an agreement to sell its thermostat product lines, and the sale 
was closed on April 1, 2019. Additionally, during the year, the Company entered into agreements to 
transition its pipes product lines to multiple buyers. During the year, the assets and liabilities were 

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Refer to Note 20, “Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale,” 
to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information. 

Drivetrain

The Drivetrain Segment develops and manufactures products to improve fuel economy, reduce 

emissions and enhance performance in combustion, hybrid and electric vehicles. The Drivetrain 
Segment’s technologies include: rotating electrical components, power electronics, clutching systems, 
control modules and all-wheel drive systems. The core design features of its rotating electrical 
components portfolio meet the demands of increasing vehicle electrification, improved fuel efficiency, 
reduced weight, and lowered electrical and mechanical noise. The Drivetrain Segment's mechanical 
products include friction, controls products for automatic transmissions and torque management products 
for All-Wheel Drive ("AWD") vehicles, and its rotating electrical components include starter motors, 
alternators and electric motors for hybrid and electric vehicles.

Friction and mechanical products for automatic transmissions include dual clutch modules, friction 
clutch modules, friction and separator plates, transmission bands, torque converter clutches, one-way 
clutches and torsional vibration dampers. Controls products for automatic transmissions feature electro-
hydraulic solenoids for standard and high pressure hydraulic systems, transmission solenoid modules 
and dual clutch control modules. The Company's 50%-owned joint venture in Japan, NSK-Warner KK 
("NSK-Warner"), is a leading producer of friction plates and one-way clutches in Japan and China.

 The Drivetrain Segment has led the globalization of today's dual clutch transmission ("DCT") 

technology for over 15 years. BorgWarner's award-winning DualTronic® technology enables a 
conventional, manual gearbox to function as a fully automatic transmission by eliminating the interruption 
in power flow that occurs when shifting a single clutch manual transmission. The result is a smooth 
shifting automatic transmission with the fuel efficiency and driving experience of a manual gearbox.

The Drivetrain Segment's torque management products include rear-wheel drive (“RWD”)-AWD 
transfer case systems, FWD-AWD coupling systems and cross-axle coupling systems. The Drivetrain 
Segment's focus is on developing electronically-controlled torque management devices and systems that 
will benefit fuel economy and vehicle dynamics.

 Transfer cases are installed on RWD-based light trucks, SUVs, cross-over utility vehicles, and 
passenger cars. A transfer case attaches to the transmission and distributes torque to the front and rear 
axles improving vehicle traction and stability in dynamic driving conditions. There are many variants of 
the Drivetrain Segment's transfer case technology in the market today, including Torque On-Demand 
(TOD®), chain-driven, gear-driven, Pre-Emptive, Part-Time, 1-speed and 2-speed transfer cases. The 
Drivetrain Segment's transfer cases are featured on Ford and Ram light-duty and heavy-duty trucks.

The Drivetrain Segment is involved in the AWD market for FWD-based vehicles with couplings that 
use electronically-controlled clutches to distribute power to the rear wheels as traction is required. The 
Drivetrain Segment's latest coupling innovation, the Centrifugal Electro-Hydraulic (“CEH”) Actuator, used 
to engage the clutches in the coupling, produces outstanding vehicle stability and traction while 
promoting better fuel economy with reduced weight. The CEH Actuator is found in the AWD couplings 
featured in several current FWD-AWD vehicles.

In 2015, the Company acquired Remy International, Inc. (“Remy”), a global market leader in the 

design, manufacture, remanufacture and distribution of rotating electrical components for light and 
commercial vehicles, OEMs and the aftermarket. Remy's principal products include starter motors, 
alternators and electric motors. The Company’s starter motors and alternators are used in gasoline, 
diesel, natural gas and alternative fuel engines for light vehicle, commercial vehicle, and off-highway 
applications. The product technology continues to evolve to meet the demands of increasing vehicle 

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
electrical loads, improved fuel efficiency, reduced weight and lowered electrical and mechanical noise. 
The Company’s electric motors are used in both light and commercial vehicles including off-highway 
applications. These include both pure electric applications as well as hybrid applications, where the 
electric motors are combined with traditional gasoline or diesel propulsion systems.

The Company sells new starters, alternators and hybrid electric motors to OEMs globally for factory 

installation on new vehicles, and remanufactured and new starters and alternators to heavy duty 
aftermarket customers outside of Europe and to OEMs for original equipment service. As a leading 
remanufacturer, BorgWarner obtains used starters and alternators, commonly referred to as cores, then 
disassembles, cleans, combines them with new subcomponents and reassembles them into saleable, 
finished products, which are tested to meet OEM requirements.

In 2017, the Company acquired Sevcon, Inc. ("Sevcon"), a global provider of electrification 

technologies, serving customers in the U.S., U.K., France, Germany, Italy, China and the Asia Pacific 
region. Principal products include motor controllers, battery chargers, and uninterrupted power source 
systems for electric and hybrid vehicles, industrial, medical and telecom applications. These products 
complement BorgWarner’s power electronics capabilities utilized to provide electrified propulsion 
solutions.

Joint Ventures

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had eight joint ventures in which it had a less-than-100% 
ownership interest. Results from the six joint ventures in which the Company is the majority owner are 
consolidated as part of the Company's results. Results from the two joint ventures in which the 
Company's effective ownership interest is 50% or less, were reported by the Company using the equity 
method of accounting.  In 2019, the Company and Romeo Systems, Inc. formed a new joint venture, 
BorgWarner Romeo Power LLC (the "Romeo JV"), in which the Company owns a 60% interest. The 
Romeo JV focuses on producing battery module and pack technology.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Management of the unconsolidated joint ventures is shared with the Company's respective joint 

venture partners. Certain information concerning the Company's joint ventures is set forth below:

Joint venture

Unconsolidated:

NSK-Warner 

Products

Transmission
components

Turbo Energy Private Limited (b)

Turbochargers

Consolidated:

BorgWarner Transmission
Systems Korea Ltd. (c)

Transmission
components

Borg-Warner Shenglong
(Ningbo) Co. Ltd. 

Fans and fan drives

BorgWarner TorqTransfer
Systems Beijing Co. Ltd. 

Transfer cases

SeohanWarner Turbo Systems
Ltd. 

Turbochargers

BorgWarner United Transmission
Systems Co. Ltd. 

Transmission
components

BorgWarner Romeo Power LLC

Battery module and
pack technology

________________

Year
organized

Percentage
owned by the
Company

Location
of
operation

Joint venture partner

Fiscal 2019 net sales
(in millions) (a)

1964

1987

1987

1999

2000

2003

2009

2019

50%

Japan/
China

32.6%

India

NSK Ltd.

Sundaram Finance Limited;
Brakes India Limited

60%

Korea

NSK-Warner

70%

China

80%

China

Ningbo Shenglong
Automotive Powertrain
Systems Co., Ltd.

Beijing Hainachuan
Automotive Parts Holding
Co., Ltd.

71%

Korea

Korea Flange Company

66%

China

China Automobile
Development United
Investment Co., Ltd.

60%

US

Romeo Systems, Inc.

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

610

217

238

79

243

199

361

—

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

All sales figures are for the year ended December 31, 2019, except NSK-Warner and Turbo Energy Private Limited. 
NSK-Warner’s sales are reported for the 12 months ended November 30, 2019. Turbo Energy Private Limited’s sales 
are reported for the 12 months ended September 30, 2019.
The Company made purchases from Turbo Energy Private Limited totaling $45 million, $42 million and $32 million for 
the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company made purchases from NSK-Warner 
totaling $6 million, $10 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
BorgWarner Inc. owns 50% of NSK-Warner, which has a 40% interest in BorgWarner Transmission Systems Korea Ltd. 
This gives the Company an additional indirect effective ownership percentage of 20%, resulting in a total effective 
ownership interest of 80%.

Financial Information About Geographic Areas

Refer to Note 21, “Reporting Segments and Related Information,” to the Consolidated Financial 

Statements in Item 8 of this report for financial information about geographic areas. 

Product Lines and Customers

During the year ended December 31, 2019, approximately 83% of the Company's net sales were for 
light-vehicle applications; approximately 9% were for commercial vehicle applications; approximately 4% 
were for off-highway vehicle applications; and approximately 4% were to distributors of aftermarket 
replacement parts. 

The Company’s worldwide net sales to the following customers (including their subsidiaries) were 

approximately as follows:

Customer
Ford
Volkswagen

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

15%
11%

14%
12%

15%
13%

No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated net sales in any of the 

years presented.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company's automotive products are generally sold directly to OEMs, substantially pursuant to 
negotiated annual contracts, long-term supply agreements or terms and conditions as may be modified 
by the parties. Deliveries are subject to periodic authorizations based upon OEM production schedules. 
The Company typically ships its products directly from its plants to the OEMs.

Sales and Marketing

Each of the Company's businesses within its two reporting segments has its own sales function. 
Account executives for each of our businesses are assigned to serve specific customers for one or more 
businesses' products. Our account executives spend the majority of their time in direct contact with 
customers' purchasing and engineering employees and are responsible for servicing existing business 
and for identifying and obtaining new business. Because of their close relationship with customers, 
account executives are able to identify and meet customers' needs based upon their knowledge of our 
products' design and manufacturing capabilities. Upon securing a new order, account executives 
participate in product launch team activities and serve as a key interface with customers. In addition, 
sales and marketing employees of our Engine and Drivetrain reporting segments often work together to 
explore cross-development opportunities where appropriate. 

Seasonality

Our operations are directly related to the automotive industry. Consequently, our Engine and 

Drivetrain segments may experience seasonal fluctuations to the extent automotive vehicle production 
slows, such as in the summer months when many customer plants typically close for model year 
changeovers or vacations. Historically, model changeovers or vacations have generally resulted in lower 
sales volume in the Company's third quarter.

Research and Development

The Company conducts advanced Engine and Drivetrain research. This advanced engineering 
function seeks to leverage know-how and expertise across product lines to create new Engine and 
Drivetrain systems and modules that can be commercialized. This function oversees the Company's 
investments in certain venture capital funds that provide seed money for start-up businesses developing 
new technologies pertinent to the automotive industry and the Company's propulsion strategies.

In addition, each of the Company's businesses within its two reporting segments has its own research 

and development (“R&D”) organization, including engineers and technicians, engaged in R&D activities 
at facilities worldwide. The Company also operates testing facilities such as prototype, measurement and 
calibration, life cycle testing and dynamometer laboratories.

By working closely with OEMs and anticipating their future product needs, the Company's R&D 
personnel conceive, design, develop and manufacture new proprietary automotive components and 
systems. R&D personnel also work to improve current products and production processes. The Company 
believes its commitment to R&D will allow it to continue to obtain new orders from its OEM customers.

The Company's net R&D expenditures are included in selling, general and administrative expenses of 

the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D 
expenditures as they are considered a recovery of cost. Customer reimbursements for prototypes are 
recorded net of prototype costs based on customer contracts, typically either when the prototype is 
shipped or when it is accepted by the customer. Customer reimbursements for engineering services are 
recorded when performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with the contract. Financial risks and 
rewards transfer upon shipment, acceptance of a prototype component by the customer or upon 
completion of the performance obligation as stated in the respective customer agreement. 

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
(in millions)
Gross R&D expenditures
Customer reimbursements
Net R&D expenditures

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

498 $
(85)
413 $

512 $
(72)
440 $

473
(65)
408

Net R&D expenditures as a percentage of net sales were 4.1%, 4.2% and 4.2% for the years ended 

December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. None of the Company's R&D related contracts 
exceeded 5% of net R&D expenditures in any of the years presented.

Intellectual Property

The Company has approximately 6,430 active domestic and foreign patents and patent applications 

pending or under preparation and receives royalties from licensing patent rights to others. While it 
considers its patents on the whole to be important, the Company does not consider any single patent, 
any group of related patents or any single license essential to its operations in the aggregate or to the 
operations of any of the Company's business groups individually. The expiration of the patents 
individually and in the aggregate is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's financial 
position or future operating results. The Company owns numerous trademarks, some of which are 
valuable, but none of which are essential to its business in the aggregate.

The Company owns the “BorgWarner” trade name and numerous BORGWARNER trademarks, 
including without limitation "BORGWARNER" and "BORGWARNER and Bug Design", which are material 
to the Company's business.  

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Competition

The Company's reporting segments compete worldwide with a number of other manufacturers and 
distributors that produce and sell similar products. Many of these competitors are larger and have greater 
resources than the Company. Technological innovation, application engineering development, quality, 
price, delivery and program launch support are the primary methods of competition.

The Company’s major non-OEM competitors by product type follow:

Product Type: Engine
Turbochargers:

Cummins Turbo Technology

IHI

Names of Competitors

Garrett Motion, Inc.

BMTS Technology

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI)

Vitesco Technologies

Emissions systems:

Timing systems:

Thermal systems:

Product Type: Drivetrain
Torque management systems:

Mahle

Denso

Bosch

Eldor

Denso

Iwis

Delphi Technologies

Horton

Mahle

GKN Driveline

Magna Powertrain

Rotating electrical components:

Denso

T.RAD

Pierburg

NGK

Eberspaecher

Schaeffler Group

Tsubaki Group

Usui

Xuelong

Names of Competitors

JTEKT

Valeo

Transmission systems:

SEG Automotive

Mitsubishi Electric

Bosch

Dynax

Valeo

Vitesco Technologies

Bosch

FCC

Schaeffler Group

Denso

In addition, a number of the Company's major OEM customers manufacture, for their own use and for 
others, products that compete with the Company's products. Other current OEM customers could elect to 
manufacture products to meet their own requirements or to compete with the Company. There is no 
assurance that the Company's business will not be adversely affected by increased competition in the 
markets in which it operates.

For many of its products, the Company's competitors include suppliers in parts of the world that enjoy 

economic advantages such as lower labor costs, lower health care costs, lower tax rates and, in some 
cases, export subsidies and/or raw materials subsidies. Also, see Item 1A, "Risk Factors."

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Workforce

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had a salaried and hourly workforce of approximately 
29,000 (as compared with approximately 30,000 at December 31, 2018), of which approximately 6,800 
were in the U.S.  Approximately 13% of the Company's U.S. workforce is unionized. The workforces at 
certain international facilities are also unionized. The Company believes the present relations with our 
workforce to be satisfactory.

We have one domestic collective bargaining agreement which is for one facility in New York, which 

expires in September 2020.

Raw Materials

The Company uses a variety of raw materials in the production of its products including aluminum, 

copper, nickel, plastic resins, steel and certain alloy elements. Manufacturing operations for each of the 
Company's operating segments are dependent upon natural gas, fuel oil and electricity.

The Company uses a variety of tactics to limit the impact of supply shortages and inflationary 
pressures. The Company's global procurement organization works to accelerate cost reductions, 
purchases from lower cost regions, optimize the supply base, mitigate risk and collaborate on its buying 
activities. In addition, the Company uses long-term contracts, cost sharing arrangements, design 
changes, customer buy programs and limited financial instruments to help control costs. The Company 
intends to use similar measures in 2020 and beyond.  Refer to Note 11, “Financial Instruments,” to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for information related to the Company's 
hedging activities. 

For 2020, the Company believes that its supplies of raw materials are adequate and available from 

multiple sources to support its manufacturing requirements.

Available Information

Through its Internet website (www.borgwarner.com), the Company makes available, free of charge, 

its Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, all 
amendments to those reports, and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission as soon 
as reasonably practicable after they are filed or furnished. The Company also makes the following 
documents available on its Internet website: the Audit Committee Charter; the Compensation Committee 
Charter; the Corporate Governance Committee Charter; the Company's Corporate Governance 
Guidelines; the Company's Code of Ethical Conduct; and the Company's Code of Ethics for CEO and 
Senior Financial Officers. You may also obtain a copy of any of the foregoing documents, free of charge, 
if you submit a written request to Investor Relations, 3850 Hamlin Road, Auburn Hills, Michigan 48326. 
The public may read and copy materials filed by the Company with the SEC at the SEC’s Public 
Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC, 20549.  The public may obtain information on the 
operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.  The SEC maintains an 
Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding 
issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Information About Executive Officers of the Company

Set forth below are the names, ages, positions and certain other information concerning the 

executive officers of the Company as of February 13, 2020.

Name
Frederic B. Lissalde

Age Position with the Company
52

President and Chief Executive Officer

Kevin A. Nowlan

Tonit M. Calaway
Felecia Pryor

Craig D. Aaron
Stefan Demmerle

Brady D. Ericson

Joseph F. Fadool

Thomas J. McGill

Volker Weng
Hakan Yilmaz

48

51

45

42

55

48

53

53

49

41

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Secretary

Executive Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer

Vice President and Treasurer

Vice President

Vice President

Vice President

Vice President and Controller

Vice President

Vice President, Chief Technology Officer

Mr. Lissalde has been President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since August 2018.  He 

was Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company from January 2018 to July 
2018. From May 2013 to December 2017, he was Vice President of the Company and President and 
General Manager of BorgWarner Turbo Systems LLC, a subsidiary.

Mr. Nowlan has been Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since April 2019.  He was 

Senior Vice President, President, Trailer, Components and Chief Financial Officer of Meritor, Inc., a 
commercial truck and industrial supplier, from March 2018 to March 2019. He was Senior Vice President 
and Chief Financial Officer of Meritor, Inc. from May 2013 to March 2018. 

Ms. Calaway has been Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer and Secretary since August 
2018. She was Chief Human Resources Officer of the Company from August 2016 to August 2018. She 
was Vice President of Human Resources of Harley-Davidson Inc., a motorcycle manufacturer, and 
President of The Harley-Davidson Foundation from February 2010 to July 2016. Since October 2019, 
Ms. Calaway has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Astronics Corporation, an aerospace 
and defense company.

Ms. Pryor has been Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer since April 2019.  

She was Vice President of Human Resources of BorgWarner Ithaca LLC (d/b/a BorgWarner Morse 
Systems), a subsidiary, from October 2018 to March 2019. She was Global Human Resources Director - 
Global Personnel, Organization & Planning for Ford Motor Company, an automotive manufacturer, from 
January 2018 to October 2018.  She was Vice President of Human Resources for Ford Motor Company - 
ASEAN Markets from August 2016 to January 2018.  She was HR Director for Ford’s Research & 
Engineer Center located in Nanjing, China from August 2014 to August 2016.

Mr. Aaron has been Vice President and Treasurer since March 2019.  He was Vice President of 
Finance of BorgWarner Ithaca LLC (d/b/a BorgWarner Morse Systems), a subsidiary, from December 
2016 to February 2019.  He was Director, Financial Reporting from August 2012 to November 2016.

Dr. Demmerle has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of 
BorgWarner PDS (USA) Inc. (formerly known as BorgWarner TorqTransfer Systems Inc.), a subsidiary, 
since September 2012 and President and General Manager of BorgWarner PDS (Indiana) Inc. (formerly 
known as Remy International, Inc.), a subsidiary, since December 2015. 

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Mr. Ericson has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of 

BorgWarner Ithaca LLC (d/b/a BorgWarner Morse Systems), a subsidiary, since June 2019.  He was the 
Executive Vice President and Chief Strategy Officer of the Company from January 2017 until June 2019. 
He was Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of BorgWarner Emissions 
Systems LLC, a subsidiary, from March 2014 until December 2016, during which time BorgWarner BERU 
Systems GmbH was combined with BorgWarner Emissions Systems Inc. 

Mr. Fadool has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of 
BorgWarner Emissions Systems LLC, BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc. and Turbo Systems LLC, 
subsidiaries of the Company, since October 2019. He was Vice President of the Company and President 
and General Manager of Turbo Systems LLC, a subsidiary, from May 2019 to October 2019. He was Vice 
President of the Company and President and General Manager of BorgWarner Emissions Systems LLC 
and BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc., both subsidiaries, from January 2017 to May 2019. He was Vice 
President of the Company and President and General Manager of BorgWarner Ithaca LLC (d/b/a 
BorgWarner Morse Systems), a subsidiary, from July 2015 until December 2016. From May 2012 to July 
2015, he was the Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of BorgWarner 
Morse TEC Inc., a subsidiary. 

Mr. McGill has been Vice President and Controller since April 2019. He was Vice President and 
Interim Chief Financial Officer from January 2019 to April 2019. Additionally, he was the Treasurer of the 
Company from May 2012 to March 2019.

Dr. Weng has been Vice President of the Company and President and General Manager of 

BorgWarner Transmission Systems LLC since October 2019.  He was President and General Manager 
for BorgWarner Emissions Systems LLC and BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc., both subsidiaries, from 
May 2019 to September 2019.  He was Vice President and General Manager, Europe for BorgWarner 
Emissions Systems LLC and BorgWarner Thermal Systems Inc., both subsidiaries, from April 2017 to 
April 2019.  He was Vice President and General Manager, Asia for Turbo Systems LLC, a subsidiary, 
from July 2015 to April 2017.  He was General Manager, China for Turbo Systems LLC, a subsidiary, 
from January 2013 to July 2015. 

Mr. Yilmaz has been Vice President and Chief Technology Officer since January 2018.  He was Vice 

President, Global Head of Powertrain Systems and Advanced Engineering for Robert Bosch, a global 
supplier of technology and services, from May 2016 to December 2017.  He was Vice President, 
Business Strategy and Strategic Marketing for Robert Bosch from January 2015 to April 2016. He was 
Vice President of Global Program Management and Engineering, for Robert Bosch from January 2013 to 
December 2014.

Item 1A. 

Risk Factors 

The following risk factors and other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should 

be considered. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional 
risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impact 
our business operations. If any of the following risks occur, our business including its financial 
performance, financial condition, operating results and cash flows could be adversely affected.

15

Risks related to our industry

Conditions in the automotive industry may adversely affect our business.

Our financial performance depends on conditions in the global automotive industry. Automotive and 

truck production and sales are cyclical and sensitive to general economic conditions and other factors 
including interest rates, consumer credit, and consumer spending and preferences. Economic declines 
that result in significant reduction in automotive or truck production would have an adverse effect on our 
sales to OEMs.

We face strong competition.

We compete worldwide with a number of other manufacturers and distributors that produce and sell 
products similar to ours. Price, quality, delivery, technological innovation, engineering development and 
program launch support are the primary elements of competition. Our competitors include vertically 
integrated units of our major OEM customers, as well as a large number of independent domestic and 
international suppliers. A number of our competitors are larger than we are, and some competitors have 
greater financial and other resources than we do. Although OEMs have indicated that they will continue 
to rely on outside suppliers, a number of our major OEM customers manufacture products for their own 
uses that directly compete with our products. These OEMs could elect to manufacture such products for 
their own uses in place of the products we currently supply. Our traditional OEM customers, faced with 
intense international competition, have continued to expand their worldwide sourcing of components. As 
a result, we have experienced competition from suppliers in other parts of the world that enjoy economic 
advantages, such as lower labor costs, lower health care costs, lower tax rates and, in some cases, 
export or raw materials subsidies. Increased competition could adversely affect our business. In addition, 
any of our competitors may foresee the course of market development more accurately than we do, 
develop products that are superior to our products, produce similar products at a cost that is lower than 
our cost, or adapt more quickly than we do to new technologies or evolving customer requirements. As a 
result, our products may not be able to compete successfully with our competitors' products, and we may 
not be able to meet the growing demands of customers. These trends may adversely affect our sales as 
well as the profit margins on our products. 

If we do not respond appropriately, the evolution of the automotive industry could adversely 
affect our business.

The automotive industry is increasingly focused on the development of hybrid and electric vehicles 

and of advanced driver assistance technologies, with the goal of developing and introducing a 
commercially-viable, fully-automated driving experience. There has also been an increase in consumer 
preferences for mobility on demand services, such as car and ride sharing, as opposed to automobile 
ownership, which may result in a long-term reduction in the number of vehicles per capita. In addition, 
some industry participants are exploring transportation through alternatives to automobiles. These 
evolving areas have also attracted increased competition from entrants outside the traditional automotive 
industry. If we do not continue to innovate and develop, or acquire new and compelling products that 
capitalize upon new technologies in response to OEM and consumer preferences, this could have an 
adverse impact on our results of operations.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The increased adoption of gasoline and hybrid propulsion systems in Western Europe may 
materially reduce the demand for our current products.

The industry mix shift away from diesel propulsion systems in Western Europe has resulted and is 
expected to result in lower demand for current diesel components.  This shift is expected to drive further 
increased demand for gasoline and hybrid propulsion systems. Although we have developed and are 
currently in production with products for gasoline and hybrid propulsion systems and industry penetration 
rates for these products are expected to increase over the next several years, due to the high current 
penetration rates of our key technologies on diesel propulsion systems, this industry mix shift could 
adversely impact our near-term results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.  

Risks related to our business

We are under substantial pressure from OEMs to reduce the prices of our products.

There is substantial and continuing pressure on OEMs to reduce costs, including costs of products 

we supply. OEM customers expect annual price reductions in our business. To maintain our profit 
margins, we seek price reductions from our suppliers, improved production processes to increase 
manufacturing efficiency, and streamlined product designs to reduce costs, and we attempt to develop 
new products, the benefits of which support stable or increased prices. Our ability to pass through 
increased raw material costs to our OEM customers is limited, with cost recovery often less than 100% 
and often on a delayed basis. Inability to reduce costs in an amount equal to annual price reductions, 
increases in raw material costs, and increases in employee wages and benefits could have an adverse 
effect on our business.

We continue to face volatile costs of commodities used in the production of our products.

The Company uses a variety of commodities (including aluminum, copper, nickel, plastic resins, steel, 

other raw materials and energy) and materials purchased in various forms such as castings, powder 
metal, forgings, stampings and bar stock. Increasing commodity costs will have an impact on our results. 
 We have sought to alleviate the impact of increasing costs by including a material pass-through 
provision in our customer contracts wherever possible and by selectively hedging certain commodity 
exposures. Customers frequently challenge these contractual provisions and rarely pay the full cost of 
any increases in the cost of materials. The discontinuation or lessening of our ability to pass through or 
hedge increasing commodity costs could adversely affect our business. 

From time to time, commodity prices may also fall rapidly. If this happens, suppliers may withdraw 
capacity from the market until prices improve which may cause periodic supply interruptions. The same 
may be true of our transportation carriers and energy providers.  If these supply interruptions occur, it 
could adversely affect our business.

Changes in U.S. administrative policy, including changes to existing trade agreements and any 
resulting changes in international trade relations, may have an adverse effect on us. 

The United States has implemented tariffs on imported steel and aluminum. The United States has 
also implemented tariffs on items imported by us from China or other countries and may implement tariffs 
on additional products and export controls on additional items. The impact of these tariffs has increased 
the cost of raw materials and components we purchase and additional tariffs would likely result in 
additional increases. The imposition of tariffs by the United States has resulted in retaliatory tariffs from a 
number of countries, including China, which increase the cost of products we sell. A continuing trade war 
could have a negative impact on the global market and a more significant adverse effect on our business. 
The potential imposition of additional tariffs on Chinese imports and imports of automobiles, including 

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
cars, SUVs, vans and light trucks, and automotive parts could increase our costs and could result in 
lowering our gross margin on products sold. 

We use important intellectual property in our business. If we are unable to protect our intellectual 
property or if a third party makes assertions against us or our customers relating to intellectual 
property rights, our business could be adversely affected.  

We own important intellectual property, including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets, 

and are involved in numerous licensing arrangements. Our intellectual property plays an important role in 
maintaining our competitive position in a number of the markets that we serve. Our competitors may 
develop technologies that are similar or superior to our proprietary technologies or design around the 
patents we own or license. Further, as we expand our operations in jurisdictions where the enforcement 
of intellectual property rights is less robust, the risk of others duplicating our proprietary technologies 
increases, despite efforts we undertake to protect them. Our inability to protect or enforce our intellectual 
property rights or claims that we are infringing intellectual property rights of others could adversely affect 
our business and our competitive position. 

We are subject to business continuity risks associated with increasing centralization of our 
information technology (IT) systems.

To improve efficiency and reduce costs, we have regionally centralized the information systems that 
support our business processes such as invoicing, payroll, and general management operations.  If the 
centralized systems are disrupted or disabled, key business processes could be interrupted, which could 
adversely affect our business.

A failure of or disruption in our information technology infrastructure, including a disruption 
related to cybersecurity, could adversely impact our business and operations. 

We rely on the capacity, reliability and security of our IT systems and infrastructure. IT systems are 

vulnerable to disruptions, including those resulting from natural disasters, cyber attacks or failures in 
third-party-provided services. Disruptions and attacks on our IT systems pose a risk to the security of our 
systems and our ability to protect our networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of 
information and data and that of third parties, including our employees. Some cyber attacks depend on 
human error or manipulation, including phishing attacks or schemes that use social engineering to gain 
access to systems or carry out disbursement of funds or other frauds, which raise the risks from such 
events and the costs associated with protecting against such attacks.  Although we have implemented 
security policies, processes, and layers of defense designed to help identify and protect against 
intentional and unintentional misappropriation or corruption of our systems and information, and 
disruptions of our operations, we have been, and likely will continue to be, subjected to such attacks or 
disruptions. Future attacks or disruptions could potentially lead to the inappropriate disclosure of 
confidential information, including our intellectual property, improper use of our systems and networks, 
access to and manipulation and destruction of Company or third party data, production downtimes, lost 
revenues, inappropriate disbursement of funds and both internal and external supply shortages. In 
addition, we may be required to incur significant costs to protect against damage caused by such attacks 
or disruptions in the future. These consequences could cause significant damage to our reputation, affect 
our relationships with our customers and suppliers, lead to claims against the Company and ultimately 
adversely affect our business.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Our business success depends on attracting and retaining qualified personnel.

Our ability to sustain and grow our business requires us to hire, retain and develop a highly skilled 

and diverse management team and workforce worldwide.  In particular, any unplanned turnover or 
inability to attract and retain key employees and employees with technical and software capabilities in 
numbers sufficient for our needs could adversely affect our business.

Our profitability and results of operations may be adversely affected by program launch 
difficulties.

The launch of new business is a complex process, the success of which depends on a wide range of 

factors, including the production readiness of our manufacturing facilities and manufacturing processes 
and those of our suppliers, as well as factors related to tooling, equipment, employees, initial product 
quality and other factors. Our failure to successfully launch new business, or our inability to accurately 
estimate the cost to design, develop and launch new business, could have an adverse effect on our 
profitability and results of operations. 

To the extent we are not able to successfully launch new business, vehicle production at our 

customers could be significantly delayed or shut down. Such situations could result in significant financial 
penalties to us or a diversion of personnel and financial resources to improving launches rather than 
investment in continuous process improvement or other growth initiatives, and could result in our 
customers shifting work away from us to a competitor, all of which could result in loss of revenue, or loss 
of market share and could have an adverse effect on our profitability and cash flows.

Part of our workforce is unionized which could subject us to work stoppages.

As of December 31, 2019, approximately 13% of our U.S. workforce was unionized. We have a 
domestic collective bargaining agreement for one facility in New York, which expires in September 2020. 
The workforce at certain of our international facilities is also unionized. A prolonged dispute with our 
employees could have an adverse effect on our business.

Work stoppages, production shutdowns and similar events could significantly disrupt our 
business.

Because the automotive industry relies heavily on just-in-time delivery of components during the 
assembly and manufacture of vehicles, a work stoppage or production shutdown at one or more of our 
manufacturing and assembly facilities could have adverse effects on our business. Similarly, if one or 
more of our customers were to experience a work stoppage or production shutdown, that customer would 
likely halt or limit purchases of our products, which could result in the shutdown of the related 
manufacturing facilities. A significant disruption in the supply of a key component due to a work stoppage 
or production shutdown at one of our suppliers or any other supplier could have the same consequences 
and, accordingly, have an adverse effect on our financial results.

Changes in interest rates and asset returns could increase our pension funding obligations and 
reduce our profitability.

  We have unfunded obligations under certain of our defined benefit pension and other postretirement 
benefit plans. The valuation of our future payment obligations under the plans and the related plan assets 
is subject to significant adverse changes if the credit and capital markets cause interest rates and 
projected rates of return to decline. Such declines could also require us to make significant additional 
contributions to our pension plans in the future. Additionally, a material deterioration in the funded status 
of the plans could significantly increase our pension expenses and reduce profitability in the future.

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
We also sponsor post-employment medical benefit plans in the U.S. that are unfunded. If medical 
costs continue to increase or actuarial assumptions are modified, this could have an adverse effect on 
our business. 

We are subject to extensive environmental regulations.

Our operations are subject to laws governing, among other things, emissions to air, discharges to 
waters, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste and other 
materials. The operation of automotive parts manufacturing plants entails risks in these areas, and we 
cannot assure that we will not incur material costs or liabilities as a result. Through various acquisitions 
over the years, we have acquired a number of manufacturing facilities, and we cannot assure that we will 
not incur material costs and liabilities relating to activities that predate our ownership. In addition, 
potentially significant expenditures could be required to comply with evolving interpretations of existing 
environmental, health and safety laws and regulations or any new such laws and regulations (including 
concerns about global climate change and its impact) that may be adopted in the future. Costs 
associated with failure to comply with such laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on our 
business.

We have liabilities related to environmental, product warranties, litigation and other claims.

We and certain of our current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and 

divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state 
environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties at various hazardous waste 
disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and 
equivalent state laws, and, as such, may be liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 
such sites. While responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at such sites is typically shared 
among potentially responsible parties based on an allocation formula, we could have greater liability 
under applicable statutes. Refer to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in 
item 8 of this report for further discussion.

We provide product warranties to our customers for some of our products. Under these product 
warranties, we may be required to bear costs and expenses for the repair or replacement of these 
products. As suppliers become more integrally involved in the vehicle design process and assume more 
of the vehicle assembly functions, auto manufacturers are increasingly looking to their suppliers for 
contribution when faced with recalls and product warranty claims. A recall claim brought against us, or a 
product warranty claim brought against us, could adversely impact our results of operations. In addition, 
a recall claim could require us to review our entire product portfolio to assess whether similar issues are 
present in other product lines, which could result in significant disruption to our business and could have 
an adverse impact on our results of operations. We cannot assure that costs and expenses associated 
with these product warranties will not be material or that those costs will not exceed any amounts 
accrued for such product warranties in our financial statements. 

We are currently, and may in the future become, subject to legal proceedings and commercial or 
contractual disputes. These claims typically arise in the normal course of business and may include, but 
not be limited to, commercial or contractual disputes with our customers and suppliers, intellectual 
property matters, personal injury, product liability, environmental and employment claims. There is a 
possibility that such claims may have an adverse impact on our business that is greater than we 
anticipate. While the Company maintains insurance for certain risks, the amount of insurance may not be 
adequate to cover all insured claims and liabilities. The incurring of significant liabilities for which there is 
no, or insufficient, insurance coverage could adversely affect our business. 

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Compliance with and changes in laws could be costly and could affect operating results. 

  We have operations in multiple countries that can be impacted by expected and unexpected changes 
in the legal and business environments in which we operate. Compliance-related issues in certain 
countries associated with laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-corruption laws 
could adversely affect our business. We have internal policies and procedures relating to compliance with 
such laws; however, there is a risk that such policies and procedures will not always protect us from the 
improper acts of employees, agents, business partners, joint venture partners, or representatives, 
particularly in the case of recently-acquired operations that may not have significant training in applicable 
compliance policies and procedures. Violations of these laws, which are complex, may result in criminal 
penalties, sanctions and/or fines that could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, 
and results of operations and reputation.

  Changes that could impact the legal environment include new legislation, new regulations, new 
policies, investigations and legal proceedings, and new interpretations of existing legal rules and 
regulations, in particular, changes in import and export control laws or exchange control laws, additional 
restrictions on doing business in countries subject to sanctions, and changes in laws in countries where 
we operate or intend to operate. 

Changes in tax laws or tax rates taken by taxing authorities and tax audits could adversely affect 
our business.

  Changes in tax laws or tax rates, the resolution of tax assessments or audits by various tax 
authorities, and the inability to fully utilize our tax loss carryforwards and tax credits could adversely 
affect our operating results. In addition, we may periodically restructure our legal entity organization.

If taxing authorities were to disagree with our tax positions in connection with any such restructurings, 

our effective tax rate could be materially affected. Our tax filings for various periods are subject to audit 
by the tax authorities in most jurisdictions where we conduct business. We have received tax 
assessments from various taxing authorities and are currently at varying stages of appeals and/or 
litigation regarding these matters. These audits may result in assessment of additional taxes that are 
resolved with the authorities or through the courts. We believe these assessments may occasionally be 
based on erroneous and even arbitrary interpretations of local tax law. Resolution of any tax matters 
involves uncertainties, and there are no assurances that the outcomes will be favorable.

Our growth strategy may prove unsuccessful.

We have a stated goal of increasing sales and operating income at a rate greater than growth, if any, 

in global vehicle production by increasing content per vehicle with innovative new components and 
through select acquisitions.  

We may not meet our goal due to many factors, including any of the risks identified in the paragraph 
that follows, failure to develop new products that our customers will purchase, technology changes that 
could render our products obsolete, and a reversal of the trend of supplying systems (which allows us to 
increase content per vehicle) instead of components, among other things.

  We expect to continue to pursue business ventures, acquisitions, and strategic alliances that 
leverage our technology capabilities, enhance our customer base, geographic representation, and scale 
to complement our current businesses, and we regularly evaluate potential growth opportunities, some of 
which could be material. While we believe that such transactions are an integral part of our long-term 
strategy, there are risks and uncertainties related to these activities. Assessing a potential growth 
opportunity involves extensive due diligence. However, the amount of information we can obtain about a 
potential growth opportunity can be limited, and we can give no assurance that past or future business 

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
ventures, acquisitions, and strategic alliances will positively affect our financial performance or will 
perform as planned. We may not be able to successfully assimilate or integrate companies that we have 
acquired or acquire in the future, including their personnel, financial systems, distribution, operations and 
general operating procedures. The integration of companies that we have acquired or will acquire in the 
future may be more difficult, time consuming or costly than expected. Revenues following the acquisition 
of a company may be lower than expected, customer loss and business disruption (including, without 
limitation, difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees, customers, or suppliers) may be 
greater than expected, and we may not be able to retain key employees at the acquired company. We 
may also encounter challenges in achieving appropriate internal control over financial reporting in 
connection with the integration of an acquired company. If we fail to assimilate or integrate acquired 
companies successfully, our business, reputation and operating results could be adversely affected. 
Likewise, our failure to integrate and manage acquired companies or realize certain synergies 
successfully may lead to future impairment of any associated goodwill and intangible asset balances. 
Failure to execute our growth strategy could adversely affect our business.

Our proposed acquisition of Delphi Technologies is subject to conditions, as well as other 
uncertainties, and there can be no assurances as to whether or when it may be completed. 
Failure to complete the proposed transaction could adversely affect our business. 

The completion of our proposed acquisition of Delphi Technologies is subject to a number of 
conditions, including, among other things, the approval by Delphi Technologies stockholders and the 
receipt of certain regulatory approvals, which make the completion and timing of the completion of the 
proposed transaction uncertain. If the proposed transaction is not completed, our business may be 
adversely affected and, without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the proposed 
transaction, we will be subject to a number of risks, including the following:

•  a potential decline to the market price of our common stock;
•  an inability to find another acquisition, with comparable electronic components, systems and 

technical capabilities;

•  a loss of time and resources that our management redirected to matters relating to the proposed 

transaction that could otherwise have been devoted to pursuing other beneficial opportunities; and

•  potential negative reactions from the financial markets or from our customers, suppliers, or 

employees.

In addition, we could be subject to litigation related to any failure to complete the proposed 

transaction. The materialization of any of these risks could adversely impact our ongoing businesses. 
Similarly, delays in the completion of the proposed transaction could, among other things, result in 
additional transaction costs, loss of revenue or personnel, or other negative effects associated with 
uncertainty about completion of the proposed transaction.

We are subject to risks related to our international operations.

We have manufacturing and technical facilities in many regions including Europe, Asia, and the 

Americas. For 2019, approximately 77% of our consolidated net sales were outside the U.S. 
Consequently, our results could be affected by changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies, trade 
restrictions or prohibitions, import or other charges or taxes, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange 
rates, limitations on the repatriation of funds, changing economic conditions, unreliable intellectual 
property protection and legal systems, insufficient infrastructures, social unrest, political instability and 
disputes, international terrorism and other factors that may be discrete to a particular country or 
geography. Compliance with multiple and potentially conflicting laws and regulations of various countries 
is challenging, burdensome and expensive. 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars using the period-end 

exchange rate for assets and liabilities and an average exchange rate for each period for revenues, 
expenses and capital expenditures. The local currency is typically the functional currency for the 
Company's foreign subsidiaries. Significant foreign currency fluctuations and the associated translation of 
those foreign currencies could adversely affect our business. Additionally, significant changes in currency 
exchange rates, particularly the Euro, Korean Won and Chinese Renminbi, could cause fluctuations in 
the reported results of our businesses’ operations that could negatively affect our results of operations. 

Because we are a U.S. holding company, one significant source of our funds is distributions from our 

non-U.S. subsidiaries. Certain countries in which we operate have adopted or could institute currency 
exchange controls that limit or prohibit our local subsidiaries' ability to convert local currency into U.S. 
dollars or to make payments outside the country. This could subject us to the risks of local currency 
devaluation and business disruption.

Our business in China is subject to aggressive competition and is sensitive to economic, 
political, and market conditions.

  Maintaining a strong position in the Chinese market is a key component of our global growth strategy. 
The automotive supply market in China is highly competitive, with competition from many of the largest 
global manufacturers and numerous smaller domestic manufacturers. As the Chinese market evolves, 
we anticipate that market participants will act aggressively to increase or maintain their market share. 
Increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced margins and our inability to gain or hold 
market share. In addition, our business in China is sensitive to economic, political, social and market 
conditions that drive sales volumes in China. In fact, recently, economic growth has slowed in China. If 
we are unable to maintain our position in the Chinese market or if vehicle sales in China decrease, our 
business and financial results could be adversely affected.

A downgrade in the ratings of our debt could restrict our ability to access the debt capital 
markets.

Changes in the ratings that rating agencies assign to our debt may ultimately impact our access to 

the debt capital markets and the costs we incur to borrow funds. If ratings for our debt fall below 
investment grade, our access to the debt capital markets could become restricted and our cost of 
borrowing or the interest rate for any subsequently issued debt would likely increase. 

Our revolving credit agreement includes an increase in interest rates if the ratings for our debt are 
downgraded.  The interest costs on our revolving credit agreement are based on a rating grid agreed to 
in our credit agreement.  Further, an increase in the level of our indebtedness and related interest costs 
may increase our vulnerability to adverse general economic and industry conditions and may affect our 
ability to obtain additional financing.

We could incur additional restructuring charges as we continue to execute actions in an effort to 
improve future profitability and competitiveness and to optimize our product portfolio and may 
not achieve the anticipated savings and benefits from these actions.

We have initiated and may continue to initiate restructuring actions designed to improve the 

competitiveness of our business and sustain our margin profile, optimize our product portfolio or create 
an optimal legal entity structure. We may not realize anticipated savings or benefits from past or future 
actions in full or in part or within the time periods we expect. We are also subject to the risks of labor 
unrest, negative publicity and business disruption in connection with our actions. Failure to realize 
anticipated savings or benefits from our actions could have an adverse effect on our business.

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Risks related to our customers

We rely on sales to major customers.

We rely on sales to OEMs around the world of varying credit quality and manufacturing demands. 

Supply to several of these customers requires significant investment by the Company. We base our 
growth projections, in part, on commitments made by our customers. These commitments generally 
renew yearly during a program life cycle. Among other things, the level of production orders we receive is 
dependent on the ability of our OEM customers to design and sell products that consumers desire to 
purchase. If actual production orders from our customers do not approximate such commitments due to a 
variety of factors including non-renewal of purchase orders, a customer's financial hardship or other 
unforeseen reasons, it could adversely affect our business.

Some of our sales are concentrated. Our worldwide sales in 2019 to Ford and Volkswagen 

constituted approximately 15% and 11% of our 2019 consolidated net sales, respectively.    

We are sensitive to the effects of our major customers’ labor relations.

All three of our primary North American customers, Ford, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, and General 
Motors, have major union contracts with the United Automobile, Aerospace and Agricultural Implement 
Workers of America. Because of domestic OEMs' dependence on a single union, we are affected by 
labor difficulties and work stoppages at OEMs' facilities. Similarly, a majority of our global customers' 
operations outside of North America are also represented by various unions. Any extended work 
stoppage at one or more of our customers could have an adverse effect on our business.

Risks related to our suppliers

We could be adversely affected by supply shortages of components from our suppliers.

In an effort to manage and reduce the cost of purchased goods and services, we have been 
rationalizing our supply base. As a result, we are dependent on fewer sources of supply for certain 
components used in the manufacture of our products. We select suppliers based on total value (including 
total landed price, quality, delivery, and technology), taking into consideration their production capacities 
and financial condition. We expect that they will deliver to our stated written expectations. 

However, there can be no assurance that capacity limitations, industry shortages, labor or social 

unrest, weather emergencies, commercial disputes, government actions, riots, wars, sabotage, cyber 
attacks, non-conforming parts, acts of terrorism, “Acts of God," or other problems that our suppliers 
experience will not result in occasional shortages or delays in their supply of components to us. If we 
were to experience a significant or prolonged shortage of critical components from any of our suppliers 
and could not procure the components from other sources, we would be unable to meet the production 
schedules for some of our key products and could miss customer delivery expectations. In addition, with 
fewer sources of supply for certain components, each supplier may perceive that it has greater leverage 
and, therefore, some ability to seek higher prices from us at a time that we face substantial pressure from 
OEMs to reduce the prices of our products. This could adversely affect our customer relations and 
business.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Suppliers’ economic distress could result in the disruption of our operations and could adversely 
affect our business.

Rapidly changing industry conditions such as volatile production volumes; our need to seek price 

reductions from our suppliers as a result of the substantial pressure we face from OEMs to reduce the 
prices of our products; credit tightness; changes in foreign currencies; raw material, commodity, tariffs, 
transportation, and energy price escalation; drastic changes in consumer preferences; and other factors 
could adversely affect our supply chain, and sometimes with little advance notice. These conditions could 
also result in increased commercial disputes and supply interruption risks. In certain instances, it would 
be difficult and expensive for us to change suppliers that are critical to our business. On occasion, we 
must provide financial support to distressed suppliers or take other measures to protect our supply lines. 
We cannot predict with certainty the potential adverse effects these costs might have on our business. 

We are subject to possible insolvency of financial counterparties.

We engage in numerous financial transactions and contracts including insurance policies, letters of 
credit, credit line agreements, financial derivatives, and investment management agreements involving 
various counterparties. We are subject to the risk that one or more of these counterparties may become 
insolvent and therefore be unable to meet its obligations under such contracts.

Other risks

A variety of other factors could adversely affect our business.

Any of the following could materially and adversely affect our business: the loss of or changes in 

supply contracts or sourcing strategies of our major customers or suppliers; start-up expenses 
associated with new vehicle programs or delays or cancellation of such programs; low levels of utilization 
of our manufacturing facilities, which can be dependent on a single product line or customer; inability to 
recover engineering and tooling costs; market and financial consequences of recalls that may be 
required on products we supplied; delays or difficulties in new product development; the possible 
introduction of similar or superior technologies by others; global excess capacity and vehicle platform 
proliferation; and the impact of fire, flood, or other natural disasters including pandemics and quarantines.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

The Company has received no written comments regarding its periodic or current reports from the 
staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission that were issued 180 days or more preceding the end 
of its 2019 fiscal year that remain unresolved.

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 Item 2.  Properties 

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had 67 manufacturing, assembly, and technical 

locations worldwide. The Company's worldwide headquarters are located in a leased facility in Auburn 
Hills, Michigan. In general, the Company believes its facilities to be suitable and adequate to meet its 
current and reasonably anticipated needs. 

The following is additional information concerning principal manufacturing, assembly, and technical 

facilities operated by the Company, its subsidiaries, and affiliates.

ENGINE(a)

Americas

Asheville, North Carolina

Auburn Hills, Michigan (d)

Cadillac, Michigan

Dixon, Illinois

El Salto Jalisco, Mexico
Fletcher, North Carolina

Itatiba, Brazil

Ithaca, New York

Marshall, Michigan
Ramos, Mexico

DRIVETRAIN(a)

Americas
Anderson, Indiana (b)

Bellwood, Illinois

Brusque, Brazil (b)

Frankfort, Illinois

Irapuato, Mexico

Laredo, Texas (b)

Livonia, Michigan

Melrose Park, Illinois (b)

Noblesville, Indiana (b)

San Luis Potosi, Mexico (b)

Seneca, South Carolina

Water Valley, Mississippi

Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

Europe

Arcore, Italy

Bradford, England (UK)

Asia

Aoyama, Japan

Chennai, India (b)

Kirchheimbolanden, Germany

Chungju-City, South Korea

Ludwigsburg, Germany

Lugo, Italy (b)

Markdorf, Germany

Muggendorf, Germany

Oberboihingen, Germany

Oroszlany, Hungary (d)

Rzeszow, Poland (d)

Tralee, Ireland

Viana de Castelo, Portugal

Vigo, Spain

Europe

Arnstadt, Germany

Gateshead, England (UK)

Heidelberg, Germany

Ketsch, Germany

Landskrona, Sweden (b)

Tulle, France

Wrexham, Wales (UK)

Taicang, China (b)
Kakkalur, India

Manesar, India

Nabari City, Japan

Ningbo, China (b) (e)

Pune, India
Pyongtaek, South Korea (b) (c)

Rayong, Thailand (d)

Asia

Beijing, China (b)
Dae-Gu, South Korea (b)

Dalian, China (b)

Eumsung, South Korea

Fukuroi City, Japan

Changnyeong, South Korea

Ochang, South Korea (b)

Shanghai, China (b)
Tianjin, China (b)

Wuhan, China (b)

________________
(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) 

The table excludes joint ventures owned less than 50% and administrative offices.
Indicates leased land rights or a leased facility.
City has 2 locations: a wholly owned subsidiary and a joint venture.
Location serves both segments.
City has 3 locations: 2 wholly owned subsidiaries and a joint venture

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 

The Company is subject to a number of claims and judicial and administrative proceedings (some of 

which involve substantial amounts) arising out of the Company’s business or relating to matters for which 
the Company may have a contractual indemnity obligation. See Note 15, "Contingencies," to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for a discussion of environmental, product 
liability and other litigation, which is incorporated herein by reference.

On July 31, 2018, the Division of Enforcement of the SEC informed the Company that it is conducting 

an investigation related to the Company's accounting for asbestos-related claims not yet asserted. The 
Company is fully cooperating with the SEC in connection with its investigation.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 

Purchases of Equity Securities 

The Company's common stock is listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the 

symbol BWA. As of February 7, 2020, there were 1,549 holders of record of Common Stock.

While the Company currently expects that quarterly cash dividends will continue to be paid in the 
future at levels comparable to recent historical levels, the dividend policy is subject to review and change 
at the discretion of the Board of Directors.    

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The line graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our Common Stock with 

the cumulative total return of companies on the Standard & Poor's (S&P's) 500 Stock Index, and 
companies within Standard Industrial Code (“SIC”) 3714 - Motor Vehicle Parts. 

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among BorgWarner Inc., the S&P 500 Index, and SIC 374 Motor Vehicle Parts

___________
*$100 invested on 12/31/2014 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends. Fiscal year ending December 31.
Copyright© 2020 S&P, a division of S&P Global. All rights reserved.

BWA and S&P 500 data are from Capital IQ; SIC Code Index data is from Research Data Group

BorgWarner Inc.(1)

S&P 500(2)

SIC Code Index(3)

________________

December 31,

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

$

100.00 $

79.48 $

73.65 $

96.64 $

66.71 $

84.83

100.00

100.00

101.38

102.17

113.51

116.88

138.29

155.78

132.23

128.11

173.86

173.86

(1)  BorgWarner Inc.
(2)  S&P 500 — Standard & Poor’s 500 Total Return Index
(3)  Standard Industrial Code (“SIC”) 3714-Motor Vehicle Parts

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Purchase of Equity Securities

On November 13, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors increased the cumulative authorization for 

the purchase of the Company's common stock up to 89.6 million shares in the aggregate. As of 
December 31, 2019, the Company had repurchased 75.4 million shares in the aggregate under the 
common stock repurchase program. All shares purchased under this authorization have been and will 
continue to be repurchased in the open market at prevailing prices and at times and in amounts to be 
determined by management as market conditions and the Company's capital position warrant. The 
Company may use Rule 10b5-1 and 10b-18 plans to facilitate share repurchases. Repurchased shares 
will be deemed common stock held in treasury and may subsequently be reissued.

Employee transactions include restricted stock withheld to offset statutory minimum tax withholding 

that occurs upon vesting of restricted stock. The BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, as 
amended and the BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan provide that the withholding obligations be 
settled by the Company retaining stock that is part of the award. Withheld shares will be deemed 
common stock held in treasury and may subsequently be reissued for general corporate purposes.

The following table provides information about the Company's purchases of its equity securities that 

are registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 
"Exchange Act") during the quarter ended December 31, 2019:

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period

Total number of
shares purchased

Average price per
share

Total number of shares
purchased as part of
publicly announced
plans or programs

Maximum number of
shares that may yet be
purchased under the
plans or programs

Month Ended October 31, 2019

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Employee transactions

Month Ended November 30, 2019

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Employee transactions

Month Ended December 31, 2019

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Employee transactions

Equity Compensation Plan Information 

— $

4,858

$

— $

623

$

— $

— $

—

40.31

—

37.59

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,241,311

14,241,311

14,241,311

As of December 31, 2019, the number of shares of options, restricted common stock, warrants and 

rights outstanding under our equity compensation plans, the weighted average exercise price of 
outstanding options, restricted common stock, warrants and rights and the number of securities 
remaining available for issuance were as follows:

Number of securities to be issued
upon exercise of outstanding
options, restricted common stock,
warrants and rights

Weighted average exercise
price of outstanding options,
restricted common stock,
warrants and rights

Number of securities remaining
available for future issuance
under equity compensation
plans (excluding securities
reflected in column (a))

Plan category

(a)

(b)

(c)

Equity compensation plans approved
by security holders

Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders

Total

44.26

—

44.26

5,984,977

—

5,984,977

1,663,812

$

— $

1,663,812

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

(in millions)
Operating results
Net sales
Operating income (a)
Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc.(a)

Earnings per share — basic

Earnings per share — diluted

Net R&D expenditures

Capital expenditures, including tooling outlays

Depreciation and amortization

Number of employees

Financial position

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Total debt

Common share information

Cash dividend declared and paid per share

Weighted average shares outstanding

Basic

Diluted

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

Year Ended December 31,

10,168

1,303

746

3.63

3.61

$

$

$

$

$

10,530

1,190

931

4.47

4.44

$

$

$

$

$

9,799

1,072

440

2.09

2.08

$

$

$

$

$

9,071

973

595

2.78

2.76

$

$

$

$

$

8,023

888

577

2.57

2.56

413

$

440

$

408

$

343

$

307

481

439

$

$

546

431

$

$

560

408

$

$

501

391

$

$

577

320

29,000

30,000

29,000

27,000

30,000

832

9,702

1,960

$

$

$

739

10,095

2,114

$

$

$

545

9,788

2,188

$

$

$

444

8,835

2,220

$

$

$

578

9,211

2,550

0.68

$

0.68

$

0.59

$

0.53

$

0.52

205.7

206.8

208.2

209.5

210.4

211.5

214.4

215.3

224.4

225.6

________________
(a)  Refer to Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," for discussion 

of non-comparable items impacting the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

INTRODUCTION

BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) is a global product leader in clean 

and efficient technology solutions for combustion, hybrid and electric vehicles.  Our products help 
improve vehicle performance, propulsion efficiency, stability and air quality. These products are 
manufactured and sold worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light 
vehicles (passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles ("SUVs"), vans and light trucks). The Company's products 
are also sold to other OEMs of commercial vehicles (medium-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks and buses) 
and off-highway vehicles (agricultural and construction machinery and marine applications). We also 
manufacture and sell our products to certain Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket 
for light, commercial and off-highway vehicles. The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving 
customers in Europe, the Americas and Asia and is an original equipment supplier to every major 
automotive OEM in the world.  

The Company's products fall into two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. The Engine 

segment's products include turbochargers, timing systems, emissions systems and thermal systems. The 
Drivetrain segment's products include transmission systems, torque transfer systems and rotating 
electrical components.  

Proposed Acquisition of Delphi Technologies PLC

On January 28, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Delphi 

Technologies PLC (“Delphi Technologies”) in an all-stock transaction valued at approximately $3.3 billion, 
based on the closing price of BorgWarner stock on January 27, 2020. Refer to Note 23, “Subsequent 
Event,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information. The 
Company expects to pay fees, costs and expenses associated with the transaction with available cash. 
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations does not address 
matters associated with the anticipated acquisition. 

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

A detailed comparison of the Company’s 2017 operating results to its 2018 operating results can be 

found in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
section in the Company’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 19, 2019. 

A summary of our operating results for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

(in millions, except per share data)
Net sales
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other (income) expense, net

Operating income

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax
Interest income
Interest expense
Other postretirement expense (income)

Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

Earnings per share — diluted

Year Ended December 31,

2019
10,168 $

$

8,067
2,101
873
(75)
1,303
(32)
(12)
55
27
1,265
468
797
51

$
$

746 $
3.61 $

2018
10,530
8,300
2,230
946
94
1,190
(49)
(6)
59
(10)
1,196
211
985
54
931
4.44

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Non-comparable items impacting the Company's earnings per diluted share and net earnings

The Company's earnings per diluted share were $3.61 and $4.44 for the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. The non-comparable items presented below are calculated after tax using 
the corresponding effective tax rate and the weighted average number of diluted shares for each of the 
years then ended. The Company believes the following table is useful in highlighting non-comparable 
items that impacted its earnings per diluted share:

Non-comparable items:
Restructuring expense
Pension settlement loss
Unfavorable arbitration loss
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense
Asset impairment and loss on divestiture
Officer stock awards modification
Gain on derecognition of subsidiary
Asbestos-related adjustments
Gain on sale of building
Gain on commercial settlement
Tax reform adjustments
Tax adjustments

Total impact of non-comparable items per share — diluted:

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

(0.26) $
(0.10)
(0.07)
(0.05)
(0.03)
(0.01)
0.02
—
—
—
—
(0.02)
(0.52) $

(0.24)
—
—
(0.03)
(0.09)
(0.04)
—
(0.08)
0.07
0.01
0.06
0.30
(0.04)

$

$

A summary of non-comparable items impacting the Company’s net earnings for the years ended 

December 31, 2019 and 2018 is as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2019:

•  The Company recorded restructuring expense of $72 million primarily related to actions to 
reduce structural costs. Refer to Note 16, "Restructuring," to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information. Over the course of the next few years, 
the Company plans to take additional actions to reduce existing structural costs. These actions 
are expected to result in primarily cash restructuring costs in the $275 million to $300 million 
range through the end of 2023. The resulting annual cost savings are expected to be in the 
range of approximately $90 million to $100 million by 2023. The Company plans to utilize these 
savings to sustain the Company’s strong operating margin profile and long-term cost 
competitiveness.

•  During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company settled approximately $50 million of its 

U.S. pension projected benefit obligation by liquidating approximately $50 million in plan assets 
through a lump-sum pension de-risking disbursement made to an insurance company. Pursuant 
to this agreement, the insurance company unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees all future 
payments to certain participants that were receiving payments from the U.S. pension plan. The 
insurance company assumes all investment risk associated with the assets that were delivered 
as part of this transaction. Additionally, during 2019, the Company discharged certain U.S. 
pension plan obligations by making lump-sum payments of $15 million to former employees of 
the Company. As a result, the Company settled $65 million of projected pension obligation by 
liquidating an equivalent amount of pension plan assets and recorded a non-cash settlement 
loss of $27 million related to the accelerated recognition of unamortized losses.

•  During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded $14 million of expenses 

related to the receipt of a final unfavorable arbitration decision associated with the resolution of a 
matter related to a previous acquisition.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
•  During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded $11 million of expenses, 
primarily professional fees, related to the Company's strategic acquisition and divestiture 
activities, including the transfer of Morse TEC, the anticipated acquisition of Delphi Technologies, 
and the 20% equity interest in Romeo Systems, Inc. and the divestiture activities for the non-core 
pipes and thermostat product lines. 

•  During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded an additional loss on sale of 
$7 million to account for the cash proceeds and finalization of the purchase price adjustments 
related to the sale of the non-core pipes and thermostat product lines. Refer to Note 20, "Assets 
and Liabilities Held for Sale," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for 
more information.

•  During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded a pre-tax gain on the 

derecognition of BorgWarner Morse TEC LLC ("Morse TEC") of $177 million and removed the 
asbestos obligations and related insurance assets from the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In 
addition, the Company recorded tax expense as a result of the reversal of the previously recorded 
deferred tax assets related to the asbestos liabilities of $173 million, resulting in an after-tax gain 
of $4 million. Refer to Note 19, "Recent Transactions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
in Item 8 of this report for more information.

•  The Company's provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2019, includes 
reductions to tax expense of $19 million related to restructuring and merger, acquisition and 
divestiture expense and $6 million related to pension settlement loss. This rate also includes 
increases to tax expense of $22 million due to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s issuance of 
the final regulations in the first quarter of 2019 related to the calculation of the one-time transition 
tax partially offset by reductions to tax expense of $11 million for a global realignment plan and $8 
million related to other one-time adjustments. 

Year ended December 31, 2018: 

•  The Company recorded restructuring expense of $67 million related to Engine and Drivetrain 

segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness, primarily related to 
employee termination benefits, professional fees, and manufacturing footprint rationalization 
activities. 

•  During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded an asset impairment expense 
of $26 million to adjust the net book value of the pipes and thermostat product lines to fair value 
less costs to sell.  Additionally, the Company recorded $6 million of merger, acquisition and 
divestiture expense primarily related to professional fees associated with divestiture activities for 
the non-core pipes and thermostat product lines. Refer to Note 20, "Assets and Liabilities Held for 
Sale," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information.
•  The Company recorded net restricted stock and performance share unit compensation expense 

of $8 million in the year ended December 31, 2018 as the Company modified the vesting 
provisions of restricted stock and performance share unit grants made to retiring executive 
officers to allow certain of the outstanding awards, that otherwise would have been forfeited, to 
vest upon retirement. Refer to Note 13, "Stock-Based Compensation," to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information.

•  During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded asbestos-related adjustments 
resulting in an increase to Other Expense of $23 million. This increase was the result of actuarial 
valuation changes of $23 million associated with the Company's estimate of liabilities for 
asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet resolved and potential claims not yet asserted. Refer 
to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for 
more information.

•  During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a gain of $19 million related to the sale 

of a building at a manufacturing facility located in Europe.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
•  During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a gain of approximately $4 

million related to the settlement of a commercial contract for an entity acquired in the 2015 Remy 
acquisition. 

•  The Company's provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes 
reductions of income tax expense of $15 million related to restructuring expense, $6 million 
related to the asbestos-related adjustments, and $8 million related to asset impairment expense, 
offset by increases to tax expense of $1 million and $6 million related to a gain on commercial 
settlement and a gain on the sale of a building, respectively, discussed in Note 4, "Other 
Expense, Net," to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  The provision for income taxes also 
includes reductions of income tax expense of $13 million related to final adjustments made to 
measurement period provisional estimates associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax 
Act"), $22 million related to a decrease in our deferred tax liability due to a tax benefit for certain 
foreign tax credits now available due to actions the Company took during the year, $9 million 
related to valuation allowance releases, $3 million related to tax reserve adjustments, and $30 
million related to changes in accounting methods and tax filing positions for prior years primarily 
related to the Tax Act. Refer to Note 5, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
in Item 8 of this report for more information.

Net Sales

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2019 totaled $10,168 million, a 3.4% decrease from the 
year ended December 31, 2018. Excluding the impact of weaker foreign currencies and the net impact 
of acquisitions and divestitures, net sales increased 0.7%.

The following table details our results of operations as a percentage of net sales:

(percentage of net sales)

Net sales

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Other (income) expense, net

Operating income

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax

Interest income

Interest expense

Other postretirement expense (income)

Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

100.0%

100.0%

79.3

20.7

8.6

(0.7)

12.8

(0.3)

(0.1)

0.5

0.3

12.4

4.6

7.8

0.5

78.8

21.2

9.0

0.9

11.3

(0.5)

(0.1)

0.6

(0.1)

11.4

2.0

9.4

0.5

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

7.3%

8.9%

Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales was 79.3% and 78.8% in the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company's material cost of sales was approximately 55% of net sales 
in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales was 20.7% 
and 21.2% in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The reduction of gross margin 
in 2019 compared to 2018 was primarily due to the impact of lower revenue, the increased cost from 
tariffs and supplier cost reductions not keeping pace with normal customer price deflation.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”) was $873 million and $946 million, or 

8.6% and 9.0% of net sales for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The 
decrease in SG&A expenses was primarily due to stock-based compensation expense and cost control 
measures. 

Research and development ("R&D") costs, net of customer reimbursements, were $413 million, or 
4.1% of net sales, in the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to $440 million, or 4.2% of net sales, 
in the year ended December 31, 2018. The decrease of R&D costs, net of customer reimbursements, in 
the year ended December 31, 2019 compared with the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily 
due to cost control measures and an increase in customer reimbursements. We will continue to invest in 
a number of cross-business R&D programs, as well as a number of other key programs, all of which are 
necessary for short- and long-term growth. Our current long-term expectation for R&D spending remains 
in the range of 4% to 4.5% of net sales.

Other (income) expense, net was $(75) million and $94 million for the years ended December 31, 

2019 and 2018, respectively. This line item is primarily comprised of non-income tax items discussed 
within the subtitle "Non-comparable items impacting the Company's earnings per diluted share and net 
earnings" above.

Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax was $32 million and $49 million in the years ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. This line item is driven by the results of our 50%-owned 
Japanese joint venture, NSK-Warner KK, and our 32.6%-owned Indian joint venture, Turbo Energy 
Private Limited (“TEL”). The decrease in equity in affiliates' earnings in the year ended December 31, 
2019 was due to lower industry volumes and cost pressures in a reduced market. 

Interest expense and finance charges were $55 million and $59 million in the years ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease in interest expense for the year ended 
December 31, 2019 compared with the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily due to lower debt 
levels. 

Provision for income taxes the provision for income taxes resulted in an effective tax rate of 37% 
for the year ended December 31, 2019, compared with the rate of 17.7% for the year ended December 
31, 2018. As of December 31, 2018, the Company has completed its accounting for the tax effects of the 
Tax Act. For further details, see Note 5, "Income Tax," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 
8. 

The effective tax rate of 37% for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes an increase in income 
tax expense of $173 million related to the derecognition of the Morse TEC asbestos-related deferred tax 
assets and $22 million due to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s issuance of the final regulations in 
the first quarter of 2019 related to the calculation of the one-time transition tax. This rate also includes 
reductions of income tax expense of $19 million related to restructuring expense, $11 million for a global 
realignment plan, $8 million related to other one-time adjustments and $6 million related to pension 
settlement loss. Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company's annual effective tax 
rate associated with ongoing operations is 26% for the year ended December 31, 2019.

The effective tax rate of 17.7% for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes reductions of income 

tax expense of $15 million related to restructuring expense, $6 million related to the asbestos-related 
adjustments, and $8 million related to asset impairment expense, offset by increases to tax expense of 
$1 million and $6 million related to a gain on commercial settlement and a gain on the sale of a building, 
respectively, discussed in Note 4, "Other (Income) Expense, Net," to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.  The provision for income taxes also includes reductions of income tax expense of $13 
million related to final adjustments made to measurement period provisional estimates associated with 
the Tax Act, $22 million related to a decrease in our deferred tax liability due to a tax benefit for certain 

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
foreign tax credits now available due to actions the Company took during the year, $9 million related to 
valuation allowance releases, $3 million related to tax reserve adjustments, and $30 million related to 
changes in accounting methods and tax filing positions for prior years primarily related to the Tax Act. 
Excluding the impact of these non-comparable items, the Company's annual effective tax rate associated 
with ongoing operations for 2018 was 23.8%.  

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax of $51 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2019 decreased by $3 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2018. 
The decrease was due to lower industry volumes resulting in lower sales and earnings by the Company’s 
joint ventures.

Results By Reporting Segment

The Company's business is comprised of two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. These 
segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific 
grouping of related automotive components and systems. 

The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on 
invested capital ("ROIC") of its business initiatives. ROIC is comprised of Adjusted EBIT after deducting 
notional taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required. Adjusted EBIT is 
comprised of earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interest (“EBIT") adjusted for 
restructuring, goodwill impairment charges, affiliates' earnings and other items not reflective of ongoing 
operating income or loss.

Adjusted EBIT is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. The Company 
believes Adjusted EBIT is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our reporting segments.

The following tables show segment information and Adjusted EBIT for the Company's reporting 

segments.

Net Sales by Reporting Segment

(in millions)
Engine
Drivetrain
Inter-segment eliminations

Net sales

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

6,214 $
4,015
(61)
10,168 $

6,447
4,140
(57)
10,530

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Income Taxes and Noncontrolling Interest ("Adjusted EBIT")

(in millions)

Engine

Drivetrain

Adjusted EBIT

Gain on derecognition of subsidiary

Restructuring expense

Unfavorable arbitration loss

Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense

Asset impairment and loss on divestiture

Officer stock awards modification

Asbestos-related adjustments

Gain on sale of building

Lease termination settlement

Other income
Corporate, including stock-based compensation

Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax

Interest income

Interest expense

Other postretirement expense (income)

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

$

995 $

443

1,438

(177)

72

14

11

7

2

—

—

—

—
206

(32)

(12)

55

27

1,040

475

1,515

—

67

—

6

25

8

23

(19)

—

(4)
219

(49)

(6)

59

(10)

Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

1,265

1,196

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax

468

797

51

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

$

746 $

211

985

54

931

The Engine segment's net sales for the year ended December 31, 2019 decreased $233 million, or 
3.6%, and segment Adjusted EBIT decreased $45 million, or 4.3%, from the year ended December 31, 
2018. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Euro, Chinese Renminbi, and 
Korean Won, and the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures, net sales increased 1.3% from the year 
ended December 31, 2018. The increase in sales was due to higher sales of light vehicle turbochargers 
and engine timing systems, which was partially offset by weaker commercial vehicle markets around the 
world. The segment Adjusted EBIT margin was 16.0% for the year ended December 31, 2019, 
compared to 16.1% in the year ended December 31, 2018. 

The Drivetrain segment's net sales for the year ended December 31, 2019 decreased $125 million, 
or 3.0%, and segment Adjusted EBIT decreased $32 million, or 6.7%, from the year ended December 31, 
2018. Excluding the impact of weakening foreign currencies, primarily the Euro, Chinese Renminbi, and 
Korean Won, net sales were flat from the year ended December 31, 2018. The segment Adjusted EBIT 
margin was 11.0% in the year ended December 31, 2019, compared to 11.5% in the year ended 
December 31, 2018. The Adjusted EBIT margin decrease was primarily due to startup costs for launches.

Corporate represents headquarters' expenses not directly attributable to the individual segments. 
This net expense was $206 million and $219 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. The decrease in Corporate expenses in 2019 compared to 2018 is primarily due to lower 
costs associated with stock-based compensation and cost control initiatives.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Outlook

  Our overall outlook for 2020 is cautious.  Net new business-related sales growth, due to increased 
penetration of BorgWarner products around the world, is expected to be partially offset by declining 
global industry production expected in 2020. The Company expects flat to modestly declining revenue in 
2020, excluding the impact of foreign currencies and the net impact of acquisitions and divestitures. 

The Company maintains a positive long-term outlook for its global business and is committed to new 

product development and strategic capital investments to enhance its product leadership strategy. The 
several trends that are driving the Company's long-term growth are expected to continue, including the 
increased turbocharger adoption in North America and Asia, the increased adoption of automated 
transmissions in Asia-Pacific, and increased global penetration of all-wheel drive. The Company's long-
term growth is also expected to benefit from the adoption of product offerings for hybrid and electric 
vehicles.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company maintains various liquidity sources including cash and cash equivalents and the 
unused portion of our multi-currency revolving credit agreement. At December 31, 2019, the Company 
had $832 million of cash and cash equivalents, of which $562 million of cash and cash equivalents was 
held by our subsidiaries outside of the United States. Cash and cash equivalents held by these 
subsidiaries is used to fund foreign operational activities and future investments, including acquisitions. 

The vast majority of cash and cash equivalents held outside the United States is available for 
repatriation. The Tax Act reduced the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and 
required companies to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were 
previously tax deferred. As of January 1, 2018, funds repatriated from foreign subsidiaries are generally 
no longer taxable for U.S. federal tax purposes. In light of the treatment of foreign earnings under the Tax 
Act, the Company recorded a liability for the U.S. federal and applicable state income tax liabilities 
calculated under the provisions of the deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. A deferred tax liability has 
been recorded for substantially all estimated legally distributable foreign earnings.  The Company uses 
its U.S. liquidity primarily for various corporate purposes, including but not limited to debt service, share 
repurchases, dividend distributions, acquisitions and divestitures and other corporate expenses.

The Company has a $1.2 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility, which includes a feature that 
allows the Company's facility to be increased to $1.5 billion with bank approval. The facility provides for 
borrowings through June 29, 2022. The Company has one key financial covenant as part of the credit 
agreement which is a debt to EBITDA ("Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization") 
ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at December 31, 2019 and expects to 
remain compliant in future periods.  At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had 
no outstanding borrowings under this facility. 

The Company's commercial paper program allows the Company to issue short-term, unsecured 
commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding of $1.2 billion. Under 
this program, the Company may issue notes from time to time and use the proceeds for general 
corporate purposes. The Company had no outstanding borrowings under this program as of December 
31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.  

The total current combined borrowing capacity under the multi-currency revolving credit facility and 

commercial paper program cannot exceed $1.2 billion.

In addition to the credit facility, the Company's universal shelf registration provides the ability to issue 

various debt and equity instruments subject to market conditions. 

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
On February 6, 2019, April 25, 2019, July 25, 2019 and November 13, 2019, the Company’s Board of 

Directors declared quarterly cash dividends of $0.17 per share of common stock. These dividends were 
paid on March 15, 2019, June 17, 2019, September 16, 2019 and December 16, 2019.

From a credit quality perspective, the Company had a credit rating of BBB+ from both Standard & 
Poor's and Fitch Ratings and Baa1 from Moody's as of December 31, 2019 with a stable outlook from all 
rating agencies. On January 28, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire 
Delphi Technologies.  Due to uncertainties surrounding this anticipated transaction, Moody's adjusted 
their outlook to negative and Standard & Poor's placed the Company on CreditWatch with negative 
implications. The Company’s current outlook from Fitch Ratings remained stable. None of the Company's 
debt agreements require accelerated repayment in the event of a downgrade in credit ratings.

Capitalization

Total equity increased by $499 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 as follows:

(in millions)

Balance, January 1, 2019

Net earnings

Purchase of treasury stock

Stock-based compensation

Other comprehensive loss

Noncontrolling interest contributions

Dividends declared to BorgWarner stockholders

Dividends declared to noncontrolling stockholders

Balance, December 31, 2019

Operating Activities

$

4,345

797

(100)

27

(55)

4

(140)

(34)

$

4,844

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,008 million and $1,126 million in the years ended 

December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2019 
compared with the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily reflected the cash outflow related to the 
derecognition of a subsidiary, partially offset by changes in working capital. 

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $489 million and $514 million in the years ended December 

31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  The decrease in the year ended December 31, 2019 compared with 
the year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily due to lower capital expenditures, including tooling 
outlays in 2019. Year-over-year capital spending decrease of $65 million during the year ended 
December 31, 2019 was primarily due to timing of the investment activity in the Engine segment. 

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $420 million and $383 million in the years ended December 
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in the year ended December 31, 2019 compared with the 
year ended December 31, 2018 was primarily driven by higher debt repayments, partially offset by lower 
share repurchases.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The Company's significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2019 are as follows:

(in millions)

Total

2020

2021-2022

2023-2024

After 2024

Other postretirement employee benefits, excluding 
pensions (a)

$

68 $

10 $

18 $

15 $

Defined benefit pension plans (b)

Notes payable and long-term debt

Projected interest payments

Non-cancelable operating leases

Capital spending obligations

Total

55

1,973

757

97

102

4

286

66

20

102

11

565

113

28

—

10

1

95

16

—

25

30

1,121

483

33

—

$ 3,052 $

488 $

735 $

137 $ 1,692

________________
(a)  Other postretirement employee benefits, excluding pensions, include anticipated future payments to cover retiree medical 
and life insurance benefits. Amount contained in “After 2024” column includes estimated payments through 2029. Refer to 
Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for disclosures 
related to the Company’s other postretirement employee benefits.

(b)  Since the timing and amount of payments for funded defined benefit pension plans are usually not certain for future years 

such potential payments are not shown in this table. Amount contained in “After 2024” column is for unfunded plans and 
includes estimated payments through 2029. Refer to Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in Item 8 of this report for disclosures related to the Company’s pension benefits.

We believe that the combination of cash from operations, cash balances, available credit facilities, 

and the universal shelf registration capacity will be sufficient to satisfy our cash needs for our current 
level of operations and our planned operations for the foreseeable future. We will continue to balance our 
needs for internal growth, external growth, debt reduction and cash conservation.

Pension and Other Postretirement Employee Benefits

The Company's policy is to fund its defined benefit pension plans in accordance with applicable 
government regulations and to make additional contributions when appropriate. At December 31, 2019, 
all legal funding requirements had been met. The Company contributed $26 million, $26 million and $18 
million to its defined benefit pension plans in the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, 
respectively. The Company expects to contribute a total of $10 million to $20 million into its defined 
benefit pension plans during 2020. Of the $10 million to $20 million in projected 2020 contributions, $4 
million are contractually obligated, while any remaining payments would be discretionary. 

The funded status of all pension plans was a net unfunded position of $212 million and $211 million at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Of these amounts, $107 million and $95 million at December 
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, were related to plans in Germany, where there is not a tax deduction 
allowed under the applicable regulations to fund the plans; hence the common practice is to make 
contributions as benefit payments become due. 

Other postretirement employee benefits primarily consist of postretirement health care benefits for 
certain employees and retirees of the Company's U.S. operations. The Company funds these benefits as 
retiree claims are incurred. Other postretirement employee benefits had an unfunded status of $81 
million and $87 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

The Company believes it will be able to fund the requirements of these plans through cash generated 

from operations or other available sources of financing for the foreseeable future.

Refer to Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of 

this report for more information regarding costs and assumptions for employee retirement benefits.

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
OTHER MATTERS

Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, 
actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general 
liability and various other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will 
ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. 
The Company's environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below. The 
Company's management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these commercial and legal 
claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the Company's results of 
operations, financial position or cash flows, although it could be material to the results of operations in a 
particular quarter. 

Environmental 

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, 
subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency 
and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) 
at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may presently be 
liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 14 such sites. Responsibility for clean-up 
and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation 
formula. 

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a 
material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is 
because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will 
be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of 
any such matter. 

Refer to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report 

for further details and information respecting the Company’s environmental liability.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles 

generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). In preparing these financial statements, management 
has made its best estimates and judgments of certain amounts included in the financial statements, 
giving due consideration to materiality. Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to 
the portrayal of the Company's financial condition and results of operations. Some of these policies 
require management's most difficult, subjective or complex judgments in the preparation of the financial 
statements and accompanying notes. Management makes estimates and assumptions about the effect 
of matters that are inherently uncertain, relating to the reporting of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses 
and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Our most critical accounting policies are 
discussed below.

Revenue recognition The Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations under the 

terms of a contract are satisfied, which generally occurs with the transfer of control of our products. 
Although the Company may enter into long-term supply arrangements with its major customers, the 
prices and volumes are not fixed over the life of the arrangements, and a contract does not exist for 
purposes of applying Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606 until volumes are 
contractually known. For most of our products, transfer of control occurs upon shipment or delivery; 

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
however, a limited number of our customer arrangements for our highly customized products with no 
alternative use provide us with the right to payment during the production process. As a result, for these 
limited arrangements, revenue is recognized as goods are produced and control transfers to the 
customer. Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for 
transferring the good. 

The Company continually seeks business development opportunities and at times provides customer 

incentives for new program awards. Customer incentive payments are capitalized when the payments 
are incremental and incurred only if the new business is obtained and these amounts are expected to be 
recovered from the customer over the term of the new business arrangement. The Company recognizes 
a reduction to revenue as products that the upfront payments are related to are transferred to the 
customer, based on the total amount of products expected to be sold over the term of the arrangement 
(generally 3 to 7 years). The Company evaluates the amounts capitalized each period end for 
recoverability and expenses any amounts that are no longer expected to be recovered over the term of 
the business arrangement. 

Impairment of long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangible assets The Company 
reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets, whether held for use or disposal, including other 
amortizing intangible assets, when events and circumstances warrant such a review under ASC Topic 
360.  In assessing long-lived assets for an impairment loss, assets are grouped with other assets and 
liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of 
other assets and liabilities. In assessing long-lived assets for impairment, management generally 
considers individual facilities the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent. A 
recoverability review is performed using the undiscounted cash flows if there is a triggering event. If the 
undiscounted cash flow test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, management will perform 
a fair value analysis. Management determines fair value under ASC Topic 820 using the appropriate 
valuation technique of market, income or cost approach. If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is 
considered impaired, an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the 
long-lived asset exceeds its fair value.  

Management believes that the estimates of future cash flows and fair value assumptions are 
reasonable; however, changes in assumptions underlying these estimates could affect the valuations. 
Significant judgments and estimates used by management when evaluating long-lived assets for 
impairment include: (i) an assessment as to whether an adverse event or circumstance has triggered the 
need for an impairment review; (ii) undiscounted future cash flows generated by the asset; and (iii) fair 
valuation of the asset. Events and conditions that could result in impairment in the value of our long-lived 
assets include changes in the industries in which we operate, particularly the impact of a downturn in the 
global economy, as well as competition and advances in technology, adverse changes in the regulatory 
environment, or other factors leading to reduction in expected long-term sales or profitability. 

Assets and liabilities held for sale  The Company classifies assets and liabilities (disposal groups) 
to be sold as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met: management, having 
the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal group; the disposal group is 
available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary 
for sales of such disposal groups; an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to 
complete the plan to sell the disposal group have been initiated; the sale of the disposal group is 
probable, and transfer of the disposal group is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale 
within one year, except if events or circumstances beyond the Company's control extend the period of 
time required to sell the disposal group beyond one year; the disposal group is being actively marketed 
for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and actions required to complete 
the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be 
withdrawn.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
The Company initially measures a disposal group that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its 
carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized 
in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met. Conversely, gains are not recognized on the sale 
of a disposal group until the date of sale. The Company assesses the fair value of a disposal group, less 
any costs to sell, each reporting period it remains classified as held for sale and reports any subsequent 
changes as an adjustment to the carrying value of the disposal group, as long as the new carrying value 
does not exceed the carrying value of the disposal group at the time it was initially classified as held for 
sale. Additionally, depreciation is not recorded during the period in which the long-lived assets, included 
in the disposal group, are classified as held for sale.

Upon determining that a disposal group meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, the 

Company reports the assets and liabilities of the disposal group, if material, in the line items assets held 
for sale and liabilities held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

Refer to Note 20, "Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in 

Item 8 of this report for more information.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets During the fourth quarter of each year, the 

Company qualitatively assesses its goodwill assigned to each of its reporting units. This qualitative 
assessment evaluates various events and circumstances, such as macro economic conditions, industry 
and market conditions, cost factors, relevant events and financial trends, that may impact a reporting 
unit's fair value. Using this qualitative assessment, the Company determines whether it is more-likely-
than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds its carrying value. If it is determined that it is not more-
likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds the carrying value, or upon consideration of other 
factors, including recent acquisition, restructuring or divestiture activity or to refresh the fair values, the 
Company performs a quantitative, "step one," goodwill impairment analysis. In addition, the Company 
may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that could 
more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.  

Similar to goodwill, the Company can elect to perform the impairment test for indefinite-lived 

intangibles other than goodwill (primarily trade names) using a qualitative analysis, considering similar 
factors as outlined in the goodwill discussion in order to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair 
value of the trade names is less than the respective carrying values. If the Company elects to perform or 
is required to perform a quantitative analysis, the test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the 
indefinite-lived intangible asset to the carrying value of the asset as of the impairment testing date. The 
Company estimates the fair value of indefinite-lived intangibles using the relief-from-royalty method, 
which it believes is an appropriate and widely used valuation technique for such assets. The fair value 
derived from the relief-from-royalty method is measured as the discounted cash flow savings realized 
from owning such trade names and not being required to pay a royalty for their use. 

During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company performed an analysis on each reporting unit. Based 

on the factors above, the Company elected to perform quantitative, "step one," goodwill impairment 
analyses, on three reporting units. This requires the Company to make significant assumptions and 
estimates about the extent and timing of future cash flows, discount rates and growth rates. The basis of 
this goodwill impairment analysis is the Company's annual budget and long-range plan (“LRP”). The 
annual budget and LRP includes a five-year projection of future cash flows based on actual new products 
and customer commitments and assumes the last year of the LRP data is a fair indication of the future 
performance. Because the LRP is estimated over a significant future period of time, those estimates and 
assumptions are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. Further, the market valuation models and other 
financial ratios used by the Company require certain assumptions and estimates regarding the 
applicability of those models to the Company's facts and circumstances. 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The Company believes the assumptions and estimates used to determine the estimated fair value 

are reasonable. Different assumptions could materially affect the estimated fair value. The primary 
assumptions affecting the Company's December 31, 2019 goodwill quantitative, "step one," impairment 
review are as follows: 

•  Discount rate: the Company used a 10.7% weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) as the 
discount rate for future cash flows. The WACC is intended to represent a rate of return that 
would be expected by a market participant.  

•  Operating income margin: the Company used historical and expected operating income 

margins, which may vary based on the projections of the reporting unit being evaluated.  

•  Revenue growth rate: the Company used a global automotive market industry growth rate 

forecast adjusted to estimate its own market participation for product lines.

In addition to the above primary assumptions, the Company notes the following risks to volume and 

operating income assumptions that could have an impact on the discounted cash flow models: 

•  The automotive industry is cyclical, and the Company's results of operations would be adversely 

affected by industry downturns. 

•  The Company is dependent on market segments that use our key products and would be affected 

by decreasing demand in those segments. 

•  The Company is subject to risks related to international operations. 

Based on the assumptions outlined above, the impairment testing conducted in the fourth quarter of 
2019 indicated the Company's goodwill assigned to the reporting units that were quantitatively assessed 
were not impaired and contained fair values substantially higher than the reporting units' carrying values.  
Additionally, for the reporting units quantitatively assessed, sensitivity analyses were completed 
indicating that a one percentage point increase in the discount rate, a one percentage point decrease in 
the operating margin, or a one percentage point decrease in the revenue growth rate assumptions would 
not result in the carrying value exceeding the fair value.

Refer to Note 7, "Goodwill and Other Intangibles," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 

of this report for more information regarding goodwill.

Product warranties The Company provides warranties on some, but not all, of its products. The 

warranty terms are typically from one to three years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to 
product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using 
historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well 
as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties. Management 
actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize 
warranty claims. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims 
incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual:

(in millions)

Net sales

Warranty provision

Warranty provision as a percentage of net sales

Year Ended December 31,

$

$

2019

10,168

72

0.7%

$

$

2018

10,530

68

0.6%

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
The following table illustrates the sensitivity of a 25 basis point change (as a percentage of net sales) 

in the assumed warranty trend on the Company's accrued warranty liability:

(in millions)

25 basis point decrease (income)/expense

25 basis point increase (income)/expense

December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

(25) $

25 $

(26)

26

At December 31, 2019, the total accrued warranty liability was $116 million. The accrual is 
represented as $63 million in current liabilities and $53 million in non-current liabilities on our 
Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Refer to Note 8, "Product Warranty," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report 

for more information regarding product warranties.

Asbestos Like many other industrial companies that have historically operated in the United States, 

the Company, or parties that the Company is obligated to indemnify, has been named as one of many 
defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. Morse TEC, a former wholly-owned subsidiary of 
the Company, was the obligor for the Company's recorded asbestos-related liabilities and the 
policyholder of the related insurance assets. On October 30, 2019, the Company transferred 100% of its 
equity interests to Enstar Holdings (US) LLC. In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company derecognized 
Morse TEC and removed asbestos obligations, related insurance assets and associated deferred tax 
assets from the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

With the assistance of a third-party actuary, the Company estimated the liability and corresponding 
insurance recovery for pending and future claims not yet asserted to extend through December 31, 2064 
with a runoff through 2074 and defense costs. This estimate was based on the Company's historical 
claim experience and estimates of the number and resolution cost of potential future claims that may be 
filed based on anticipated levels of unique plaintiff asbestos-related claims in the U.S. tort system against 
all defendants. As with any estimates, actual experience may differ. This estimate was not discounted to 
present value. The Company believed that December 31, 2074 was a reasonable assumption as to the 
last date on which it was likely to have resolved all asbestos-related claims, based on the nature and 
useful life of the Company’s products and the likelihood of incidence of asbestos-related disease in the 
U.S. population generally. The Company assessed the sufficiency of its estimated liability for pending and 
future claims not yet asserted and defense costs by evaluating actual experience regarding claims filed, 
settled and dismissed, and amounts paid in claim resolution costs. In addition to claims experience, the 
Company considered additional quantitative and qualitative factors such as changes in legislation, the 
legal environment, and the Company's defense strategy. The Company continued to have additional 
excess insurance coverage available for potential future asbestos-related claims.  In connection with the 
Company’s review of its asbestos-related claims, the Company also reviewed the amount of its potential 
insurance coverage for such claims, taking into account the remaining limits of such coverage, the 
number and amount of claims on the Company's insurance from co-insured parties, ongoing litigation 
against the Company’s insurance carriers, potential remaining recoveries from insolvent insurance 
carriers, the impact of previous insurance settlements, and coverage available from solvent insurance 
carriers not party to the coverage litigation.

Refer to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report 
for more information regarding management's judgments applied in the recognition and measurement of 
asbestos-related assets and liabilities.

Pension and other postretirement defined benefits The Company provides postretirement defined 

benefits to a number of its current and former employees. Costs associated with postretirement defined 

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
benefits include pension and postretirement health care expenses for employees, retirees and surviving 
spouses and dependents. 

The Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans are accounted for in 
accordance with ASC Topic 715. The determination of the Company's obligation and expense for its 
pension and other postretirement employee benefits, such as retiree health care, is dependent on certain 
assumptions used by actuaries in calculating such amounts. Certain assumptions, including the expected 
long-term rate of return on plan assets, discount rate, rates of increase in compensation and health care 
costs trends are described in Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements in Item 8 of this report. The effects of any modification to those assumptions are either 
recognized immediately or amortized over future periods in accordance with GAAP. 

In accordance with GAAP, actual results that differ from assumptions used are accumulated and 
generally amortized over future periods. The primary assumptions affecting the Company's accounting 
for employee benefits under ASC Topics 712 and 715 as of December 31, 2019 are as follows:

•  Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets:  The expected long-term rate of return is used 
in the calculation of net periodic benefit cost. The required use of the expected long-term rate of 
return on plan assets may result in recognized returns that are greater or less than the actual returns 
on those plan assets in any given year.  Over time, however, the expected long-term rate of return on 
plan assets is designed to approximate actual earned long-term returns. The expected long-term rate 
of return for pension assets has been determined based on various inputs, including historical returns 
for the different asset classes held by the Company's trusts and its asset allocation, as well as inputs 
from internal and external sources regarding expected capital market return, inflation and other 
variables.  The Company also considers the impact of active management of the plans' invested 
assets. In determining its pension expense for the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company 
used long-term rates of return on plan assets ranging from 1.75% to 5.9% outside of the U.S. and 
6.0% in the U.S.

Actual returns on U.S. pension assets were 18.0% and -4.1% for the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively, compared to the expected rate of return assumption of 6.0% for the 
same years ended.

Actual returns on U.K. pension assets were 9.5% and -3.1% for the years ended December 31, 2019 
and 2018, respectively, compared to the expected rate of return assumption of 5% for the year ended 
December 31, 2019 and 6% for the year ended in 2018.

Actual returns on German pension assets were 21.0% and -4.2% for the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively, compared to the expected rate of return assumption of 5.9% for the 
same years ended.

•  Discount rate: The discount rate is used to calculate pension and other postretirement employee 
benefit (“OPEB”) obligations. In determining the discount rate, the Company utilizes a full-yield 
approach in the estimation of service and interest components by applying the specific spot rates 
along the yield curve used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash 
flows. The Company used discount rates ranging from 0.74% to 9.0% to determine its pension and 
other benefit obligations as of December 31, 2019, including weighted average discount rates of 
3.17% in the U.S., 1.61% outside of the U.S., and 2.95% for U.S. other postretirement health care 
plans.  The U.S. discount rate reflects the fact that our U.S. pension plan has been closed for new 
participants since 1989 (1999 for our U.S. health care plan).

•  Health care cost trend: For postretirement employee health care plan accounting, the Company 
reviews external data and Company-specific historical trends for health care cost to determine the 

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
health care cost trend rate assumptions.  In determining the projected benefit obligation for 
postretirement employee health care plans as of December 31, 2019, the Company used health care 
cost trend rates of 6.25%, declining to an ultimate trend rate of 5% by the year 2025.

While the Company believes that these assumptions are appropriate, significant differences in actual 

experience or significant changes in these assumptions may materially affect the Company's pension 
and OPEB and its future expense. 

The following table illustrates the sensitivity to a change in certain assumptions for Company 

sponsored U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans on its 2020 pre-tax pension expense:

(in millions)

One percentage point decrease in discount rate

One percentage point increase in discount rate

One percentage point decrease in expected return on assets

One percentage point increase in expected return on assets

Impact on U.S. 2020
pre-tax pension
(expense)/income

Impact on Non-U.S.
2020 pre-tax pension
(expense)/income

$

$

$

$

— * $

— * $

(2)

2  

$

$

(7)

7

(5)

5

________________
* A one percentage point increase or decrease in the discount rate would have a negligible impact on the Company’s U.S. 2020 
pre-tax pension expense.

The sensitivity to a change in the discount rate assumption related to the Company's total 2020 U.S. 

OPEB expense is expected to be negligible, as any increase in interest expense will be offset by net 
actuarial gains.

The following table illustrates the sensitivity to a one-percentage point change in the assumed health 

care cost trend related to the Company's OPEB obligation and service and interest cost: 

(in millions)

Effect on other postretirement employee benefit obligation

Effect on total service and interest cost components

One Percentage Point

Increase

Decrease

$

$

5 $

— $

(5)

—

Refer to Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of 

this report for more information regarding the Company’s retirement benefit plans.

Restructuring Restructuring costs may occur when the Company takes action to exit or significantly 

curtail a part of its operations or implements a reorganization that affects the nature and focus of 
operations.  A restructuring charge can consist of severance costs associated with reductions to the 
workforce, costs to terminate an operating lease or contract, professional fees and other costs incurred 
related to the implementation of restructuring activities.

The Company generally records costs associated with voluntary separations at the time of employee 

acceptance. Costs for involuntary separation programs are recorded when management has approved 
the plan for separation, the employees are identified and aware of the benefits they are entitled to and it 
is unlikely that the plan will change significantly. When a plan of separation requires approval by or 
consultation with the relevant labor organization or government, the costs are recorded upon agreement. 
Costs associated with benefits that are contingent on the employee continuing to provide service are 
accrued over the required service period. 

Income taxes  The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740. Deferred 

tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences 
between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured 
using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled. 

Accounting for income taxes is complex, in part because the Company conducts business globally 
and therefore files income tax returns in numerous tax jurisdictions. Management judgment is required in 
determining the Company’s worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related assets and 
liabilities, including accruals for unrecognized tax benefits. In calculating the provision for income taxes 
on an interim basis, the Company uses an estimate of the annual effective tax rate based upon the facts 
and circumstances known at each interim period. In determining the need for a valuation allowance, the 
historical and projected financial performance of the operation recording the net deferred tax asset is 
considered along with any other pertinent information. Since future financial results may differ from 
previous estimates, periodic adjustments to the Company’s valuation allowance may be necessary. 

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. at the federal and state level and numerous non-
U.S. jurisdictions. The determination of accruals for unrecognized tax benefits includes the application of 
complex tax laws in a multitude of jurisdictions across the Company's global operations. Management 
judgment is required in determining the accruals for unrecognized tax benefits. In the ordinary course of 
the Company's business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax 
determination is less than certain. Accruals for unrecognized tax benefits are established when, despite 
the belief that tax positions are supportable, there remain certain positions that do not meet the minimum 
probability threshold, which is a tax position that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination 
by the applicable taxing authority. The Company has certain U.S. state income tax returns and certain 
non-U.S. income tax returns which are currently under various stages of audit by applicable tax 
authorities. At December 31, 2019, the Company has a liability for tax positions the Company estimates 
are not more-likely-than-not to be sustained based on the technical merits, which is included in other 
current and non-current liabilities. Nonetheless, the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the 
issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ materially from the amounts accrued for each year. 

The Tax Act that was signed into law in December 2017 constitutes a major change to the U.S. tax 
system. The impact of the Tax Act on the Company is based on management’s current interpretations of 
the Tax Act, recently issued regulations and related analysis. The Company's tax liability may be 
materially different based on regulatory developments. In future periods, our effective tax rate could be 
subject to additional uncertainty as a result of regulatory developments related to the Tax Act.

Refer to Note 5, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for 

more information regarding income taxes. 

New Accounting Pronouncements

Refer to Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," to the Consolidated Financial 

Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information regarding new applicable accounting 
pronouncements.

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company's primary market risks include fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency 

exchange rates. We are also affected by changes in the prices of commodities used or consumed in our 
manufacturing operations. Some of our commodity purchase price risk is covered by supply agreements 
with customers and suppliers. Other commodity purchase price risk is addressed by hedging strategies, 
which include forward contracts. The Company enters into derivative instruments only with high credit 
quality counterparties and diversifies its positions across such counterparties in order to reduce its 
exposure to credit losses. We do not engage in any derivative instruments for purposes other than 
hedging specific operating risks.

We have established policies and procedures to manage sensitivity to interest rate, foreign currency 

exchange rate and commodity purchase price risk, which include monitoring the level of exposure to 
each market risk.  For quantitative disclosures about market risk, refer to Note 11, "Financial 
Instruments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for information with 
respect to interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange rate risk and commodity purchase price risk.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in interest 
rates. The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates 
while attempting to optimize its interest costs. The Company selectively uses interest rate swaps to 
reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates (fair value hedges). At December 31, 
2019, all of the Company's debt had fixed interest rates. 

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Foreign currency exchange rate risk is the risk that we will incur economic losses due to adverse 
changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Currently, our most significant currency exposures relate to 
the Chinese Renminbi, the Euro, the Hungarian Forint, the Japanese Yen, the Mexican Peso, the 
Swedish Krona and the South Korean Won. We mitigate our foreign currency exchange rate risk by 
establishing local production facilities and related supply chain participants in the markets we serve, by 
invoicing customers in the same currency as the source of the products and by funding some of our 
investments in foreign markets through local currency loans. Such non-U.S. Dollar debt was $41 million 
and $47 million as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  We also monitor our foreign currency 
exposure in each country and implement strategies to respond to changing economic and political 
environments. The depreciation of the British Pound following the United Kingdom's 2016 vote to leave 
the European Union has not and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company since net 
sales from the United Kingdom represent less than 2% of the Company's net sales in 2019. In addition, 
the Company periodically enters into forward currency contracts to reduce exposure to exchange rate 
risk related to transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency.  As of 
December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a deferred gain of $2 million and a deferred loss of $2 
million related to foreign currency derivatives. As of December 31, 2019, deferred gains and losses 
related to foreign currency derivatives were immaterial.

The foreign currency translation adjustment loss of $55 million and foreign currency translation 

adjustment loss of $148 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, contained 
within our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income represent the foreign currency 
translational impacts of converting our non-U.S. dollar subsidiaries' financial statements to the 
Company’s reporting currency (U.S. Dollar) and the related gains and losses arising from our net 
investment hedges. The 2019 foreign currency translation adjustment loss was primarily due to the 
impact of a strengthening U.S. dollar against the Euro, Chinese Renminbi and Swedish Krona, which 
increased approximately 2%, 1% and 6% and increased other comprehensive loss by 

50

approximately $18 million, $17 million and $15 million, respectively. The 2018 foreign currency translation 
adjustment loss was primarily due to the impact of a strengthening U.S. dollar against the Euro and 
Chinese Renminbi, which increased approximately 4% and 5% and increased other comprehensive loss 
by approximately $58 million and $48 million, respectively. In addition, the Company periodically enters 
into foreign currency contracts, cross-currency swaps, and foreign currency denominated debt 
designated as net investment hedges to reduce exposure to translational exchange rate risk. As of 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded a deferred gain of $4 million and a deferred loss of 
$14 million, respectively, for net investment hedges.  

Commodity Price Risk

Commodity price risk is the possibility that we will incur economic losses due to adverse changes in 
the cost of raw materials used in the production of our products. Commodity forward and option contracts 
are executed to offset our exposure to potential change in prices mainly for various non-ferrous metals 
and natural gas consumption used in the manufacturing of vehicle components. As of December 31, 
2019 and 2018, the Company had outstanding commodity swap contracts with total notional values of $1 
million and $2 million, respectively. The related fair value of these swaps were immaterial. 

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

The matters discussed in this Item 7 include forward looking statements. See "Forward Looking 

Statements" at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative information regarding market risk, please refer to the discussion in 

Item 7 of this report under the caption "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk."

For information regarding interest rate risk, foreign currency exchange risk and commodity price risk, 

refer to Note 11, "Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this 
report. For information regarding the levels of indebtedness subject to interest rate fluctuation, refer to 
Note 9, "Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this 
report. For information regarding the level of business outside the United States, which is subject to 
foreign currency exchange rate market risk, refer to Note 21, "Reporting Segments and Related 
Information," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Index to Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Page No.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Operations

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Consolidated Statements of Equity

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

53

55

56

57

58

59

60

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of BorgWarner Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of BorgWarner Inc. and its subsidiaries (the 
“Company”) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of 
comprehensive income, of equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 
2019, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have 
audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the 
financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash 
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material 
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in 
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective 
internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial 
reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. 
Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's 
internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the 
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations 
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are 
free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial 
reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material 
misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures 
that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts 
and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of 
the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and 
testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our 
audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We 
believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may 
become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or 
procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) 
relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our 
especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter 
in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by 
communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the 
accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Income Taxes - Worldwide Provision for Income Taxes

As described in Notes 1 and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has recorded income taxes 
from continuing operations of $468 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Management judgment is 
required in determining the Company’s worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related assets and 
liabilities, including accruals for unrecognized tax benefits. As disclosed by management, accounting for income 
taxes is complex, in part because the Company conducts business globally and therefore files income tax returns in 
numerous tax jurisdictions. The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. at the federal and state level and 
numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions. In the ordinary course of the Company’s business, there are many transactions 
and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is less than certain. Accruals for unrecognized tax benefits 
are established when, despite the belief that tax positions are supportable, there remain certain positions that do 
not meet the minimum probability threshold, which is a tax position that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon 
examination by the applicable taxing authority. The determination of accruals for unrecognized tax benefits includes 
the application of complex tax laws in a multitude of jurisdictions across the Company’s global operations.   

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to management’s worldwide 
provision for income taxes is a critical audit matter are there was significant judgment by management when 
developing the worldwide provision for income taxes, including the accruals for unrecognized tax benefits. This in 
turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing our audit procedures relating to 
management’s worldwide provision for income taxes. Also, the audit effort involved the use of professionals with 
specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing these procedures and evaluating the audit evidence 
obtained.    

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our 
overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of 
controls relating to management’s worldwide provision for income taxes and accruals for unrecognized tax benefits.  
These procedures also included, among others, testing the accuracy of the worldwide provision for income taxes, 
including the rate reconciliation and permanent and temporary differences, evaluating the completeness of 
management’s identification of uncertain tax positions, and evaluating the reasonableness of management’s more-
likely-than-not determination in consideration of the tax laws in relevant jurisdictions. Professionals with specialized 
skill and knowledge were used to assist in testing the accuracy of the worldwide provision for income taxes and 
evaluating the completeness of management’s identification of accruals for unrecognized tax benefits.    

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Detroit, Michigan
February 13, 2020

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008. 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except share and per share amounts)

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents

Receivables, net

Inventories, net

Prepayments and other current assets

Assets held for sale

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Investments and other long-term receivables

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Other non-current assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Notes payable and other short-term debt

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Income taxes payable

Liabilities held for sale

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Other non-current liabilities:

Asbestos-related liabilities

Retirement-related liabilities

Other

Total other non-current liabilities

Commitments and contingencies

Capital stock:

Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares: 5,000,000; none issued and outstanding

Common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares: 390,000,000; issued shares: (2019 - 
246,387,057; 2018 - 246,387,057); outstanding shares: (2019 - 206,407,543; 2018 - 
208,214,934)
Non-voting common stock, $0.01 par value; authorized shares: 25,000,000; none issued and
outstanding

Capital in excess of par value

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Common stock held in treasury, at cost: (2019 - 39,979,514 shares; 2018 - 38,172,123 shares)

Total BorgWarner Inc. stockholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interest

Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

55

December 31,

2019

2018

$

832

$

1,921

807

276

—

3,836

2,925

318

1,842

402

379

739

1,988

781

250

47

3,805

2,904

592

1,853

439

502

$

$

9,702

$

10,095

286

$

1,977

66

—

2,329

1,674

—

306

549

855

—

3

—

1,145

5,942

(727)

(1,657)

4,706

138

4,844

173

2,144

59

23

2,399

1,941

755

298

357

1,410

—

3

—

1,146

5,336

(674)

(1,585)

4,226

119

4,345

$

9,702

$

10,095

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 

(in millions)
Net sales
Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other (income) expense, net

Operating income

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of tax
Interest income
Interest expense
Other postretirement expense (income)

Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

Earnings per share — basic

Earnings per share — diluted

Weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

Year Ended December 31,

2019
$ 10,168
8,067
2,101

2018
$ 10,530
8,300
2,230

$

873
(75)
1,303

(32)
(12)
55
27
1,265

468
797

51
746

3.63

3.61

$

$

$

946
94
1,190

(49)
(6)
59
(10)
1,196

211
985

54
931

4.47

4.44

$

$

$

$

$

$

2017

9,799
7,684
2,115

899
144
1,072

(51)
(6)
71
(5)
1,063

580
483

43
440

2.09

2.08

205.7
206.8

208.2
209.5

210.4
211.5

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
237

(6)

—

1

232

672

43

11

726

BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in millions)

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

Other comprehensive (loss) income

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Hedge instruments*

Defined benefit postretirement plans*

Other*

Total other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to BorgWarner Inc.

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

746

$

931

$

440

(55)

—

4

(2)

(53)

(148)

2

(23)

(1)

(170)

Comprehensive income attributable to BorgWarner Inc.*

693

761

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax*

Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to the noncontrolling interest*

Comprehensive income

____________________________________
*  Net of income taxes.

51

(2)

54

(8)

$

742

$

807

$

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)

OPERATING
Net earnings

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows from operations:

Non-cash charges (credits) to operations:

Depreciation and amortization

Deferred income tax provision (benefit)

Stock-based compensation expense

Restructuring expense, net of cash paid

Pension settlement loss

Tax reform adjustments to provision for income taxes
Asset impairment and loss on divestiture

Gain on derecognition of subsidiary

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends received, and other

Net earnings adjusted for non-cash charges to operations

Derecognition of a subsidiary

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Receivables

Inventories

Prepayments and other current assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Prepaid taxes and income taxes payable

Other assets and liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

INVESTING
Capital expenditures, including tooling outlays

Payments for investments in equity securities

Payments for businesses acquired, including restricted cash, net of cash acquired

Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash divested

Proceeds from (payments for) settlement of net investment hedges

Proceeds from asset disposals and other

Net cash used in investing activities

FINANCING
Net decrease in notes payable

Additions to debt, net of debt issuance costs

Repayments of long term debt, including current portion

Payments for debt issuance cost

Payments for purchase of treasury stock

Payments for stock-based compensation items

Capital contribution from noncontrolling interest

Dividends paid to BorgWarner stockholders

Dividends paid to noncontrolling stockholders

Net cash used in financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the year for:

Interest

Income taxes, net of refunds

Non-cash investing transactions

Liabilities assumed from business acquired

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

797

$

985

$

483

439

186

42

30

27

16
7
(177)
—
1,367
(172)

19
(36)
(18)
(123)
(8)
(21)
1,008

(481)
(53)
(10)
24

22

9
(489)

—

63
(204)
—
(100)
(15)
4
(140)
(28)
(420)
(6)

93
739

832

72
243

$

$

$

431
(57)
53

33

—
(13)
26

—
(12)
1,446

—

(43)
(53)
(19)
(76)
(85)
(44)
1,126

(546)
(6)

—

—
2

36
(514)

(34)
59
(66)
—
(150)
(15)
—
(142)
(35)
(383)
(35)
194

545

739

84
316

$

$

$

— $

— $

408

42

52

27

—
274
71

—
(32)
1,325

—

(168)
(85)
1

233
(43)
(83)
1,180

(560)
(3)
(186)
—

(8)
5
(752)

(88)
3
(20)
(2)
(100)
(2)

—
(124)
(30)
(363)
36
101

444

545

92
280

18

$

$

$

$

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BORGWARNER INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

 (in millions, except share data)

Number of shares

BorgWarner Inc. stockholder's equity

Issued
common
stock

Common
stock held in
treasury

Issued
common
stock

Capital in
excess of
par value

Treasury
stock

Retained 
earnings

Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income (loss)

Noncontrolling
interests

Balance, January 1, 2017

246,387,057

(34,124,092) $

Dividends declared ($0.59 per share) *

Stock incentive plans

Net issuance for executive stock plan

Net issuance of restricted stock

Purchase of treasury stock

Business divestiture

Net earnings

Other comprehensive loss

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

473,419

73,935

402,184

(2,399,710)

—

—

—

Balance, December 31, 2017

246,387,057

(35,574,264) $

Adoption of accounting standards

Dividends declared ($0.68 per share) *

Net issuance for executive stock plan

Net issuance of restricted stock

Purchase of treasury stock

Business divestiture

Net earnings

Other comprehensive income

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

154,642

284,946

(3,037,447)

—

—

—

Balance, December 31, 2018

246,387,057

(38,172,123) $

Dividends declared ($0.68 per share) *

Noncontrolling interest contributions

Net issuance for executive stock plan

Net issuance of restricted stock

Purchase of treasury stock

Net earnings

Other comprehensive loss

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

199,135

571,996

(2,578,522)

—

—

Balance, December 31, 2019

246,387,057

(39,979,514) $

 ____________________________________
* 

The dividends declared relate to BorgWarner common stock.

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

$

1,104

$

(1,382) $

4,215

$

(722) $

—

(11)

21

4

—

—

—

—

—

19

3

15

(100)

—

—

—

(124)

—

—

—

—

—

440

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

232

$

1,118

$

(1,445) $

4,531

$

(490) $

—

—

18

10

—

—

—

—

—

—

4

6

(150)

—

—

—

16

(142)

—

—

—

—

931

—

$

1,146

$

(1,585) $

5,336

$

—

—

—

(1)

—

—

—

—

—

7

21

(100)

—

—

(140)

—

—

—

—

746

—

(14)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(170)

(674) $

—

—

—

—

—

—

(53)

$

1,145

$

(1,657) $

5,942

$

(727) $

84

(29)

—

—

—

—

—

43

11

109

—

(36)

—

—

—

—

54

(8)

119

(34)

4

—

—

—

51

(2)

138

See Accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INTRODUCTION

BorgWarner Inc. (together with it Consolidated Subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a Delaware 
corporation incorporated in 1987. We are a global product leader in clean and efficient technology 
solutions for combustion, hybrid and electric vehicles. Our products help improve vehicle performance, 
propulsion efficiency, stability and air quality. We manufacture and sell these products worldwide, 
primarily to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) of light vehicles (passenger cars, sport-utility 
vehicles ("SUVs"), vans and light trucks). The Company's products are also sold to OEMs of commercial 
vehicles (medium-duty trucks, heavy-duty trucks and buses) and off-highway vehicles (agricultural and 
construction machinery and marine applications). We also manufacture and sell our products to certain 
Tier One vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket for light, commercial and off-highway 
vehicles. The Company operates manufacturing facilities serving customers in Europe, the Americas and 
Asia and is an original equipment supplier to every major automotive OEM in the world. The Company's 
products fall into two reporting segments:  Engine and Drivetrain.

NOTE 1 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The following paragraphs briefly describe the Company's significant accounting policies. 

Basis of presentation  Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current 

period presentation. 

Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates 
and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities 
and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the 
accompanying notes, as well as the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the periods 
covered by these financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates.

Principles of consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include all majority-owned 
subsidiaries with a controlling financial interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been 
eliminated in consolidation. The Company has investments in two joint ventures of which it owns 32.6% 
and 50%, that are accounted for under the equity method as the Company does not have a controlling 
financial interest. Interests in privately-held companies that do not have readily determinable fair values 
are measured at cost less impairments, adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for 
the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. There were no impairments or upward adjustments 
recorded during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 or 2017.

Revenue recognition  The Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations under the 

terms of a contract are satisfied, which generally occurs with the transfer of control of our products. 
Although the Company may enter into long-term supply arrangements with its major customers, the 
prices and volumes are not fixed over the life of the arrangements, and a contract does not exist for 
purposes of applying Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606 until volumes are 
contractually known. For most of our products, transfer of control occurs upon shipment or delivery, 
however, a limited number of our customer arrangements for our highly customized products with no 
alternative use provide us with the right to payment during the production process. As a result, for these 
limited arrangements, revenue is recognized as goods are produced and control transfers to the 
customer. Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for 
transferring the good. 

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company continually seeks business development opportunities and at times provides customer 

incentives for new program awards. Customer incentive payments are capitalized when the payments 
are incremental and incurred only if the new business is obtained and these amounts are expected to be 
recovered from the customer over the term of the new business arrangement. The Company recognizes 
a reduction to revenue as products that the upfront payments are related to are transferred to the 
customer, based on the total amount of products expected to be sold over the term of the arrangement 
(generally 3 to 7 years). The Company evaluates the amounts capitalized each period end for 
recoverability and expenses any amounts that are no longer expected to be recovered over the term of 
the business arrangement. 

Cost of sales The Company includes materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead within cost 
of sales. Manufacturing overhead is comprised of indirect materials, indirect labor, factory operating costs 
and other such costs associated with manufacturing products for sale.

Cash and cash equivalents  Cash and cash equivalents are valued at fair market value. It is the 
Company's policy to classify all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less 
as cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with several financial 
institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. 
Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions 
of reputable credit and therefore bear minimal risk.

Receivables, net  Accounts receivable are stated at cost less an allowance for bad debts. An 
allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded when it is probable amounts will not be collected based on 
specific identification of customer circumstances or age of the receivable.

Refer to Note 6, "Balance Sheet Information," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

Inventories, net  Cost of certain U.S. inventories is determined using the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) 
method at the lower of cost or market, while other U.S. and foreign operations use the first-in, first-out 
(“FIFO”) or average-cost methods at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory held by U.S. 
operations using the LIFO method was $193 million and $138 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. Such inventories, if valued at current cost instead of LIFO, would have been greater by $15 
million and $17 million at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Refer to Note 6, "Balance Sheet Information," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

Pre-production costs related to long-term supply arrangements Engineering, research and 

development and other design and development costs for products sold on long-term supply 
arrangements are expensed as incurred unless the Company has a contractual guarantee for 
reimbursement from the customer. Costs for molds, dies and other tools used to make products sold on 
long-term supply arrangements for which the Company has title to the assets are capitalized in property, 
plant and equipment and amortized to cost of sales over the shorter of the term of the arrangement or 
over the estimated useful lives of the assets, typically three to five years.  Costs for molds, dies and other 
tools used to make products sold on long-term supply arrangements for which the Company has a 
contractual guarantee for lump sum reimbursement from the customer are capitalized in prepayments 
and other current assets.

Property, plant and equipment, net  Property, plant and equipment is valued at cost less 

accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs and renewals of relatively minor items 
are generally charged to expense as incurred. Renewals of significant items are capitalized. Depreciation 
is generally computed on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Useful lives 

61

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

for buildings range from 15 to 40 years and useful lives for machinery and equipment range from three to 
12 years. For income tax purposes, accelerated methods of depreciation are generally used. 

Refer to Note 6, "Balance Sheet Information," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

Impairment of long-lived assets, including definite-lived intangible assets  The Company 
reviews the carrying value of its long-lived assets, whether held for use or disposal, including other 
amortizing intangible assets, when events and circumstances warrant such a review under ASC Topic 
360. In assessing long-lived assets for an impairment loss, assets are grouped with other assets and 
liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of 
other assets and liabilities. In assessing long-lived assets for impairment, management generally 
considers individual facilities the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent. A 
recoverability review is performed using the undiscounted cash flows if there is a triggering event. If the 
undiscounted cash flow test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, management will perform 
a fair value analysis. Management determines fair value under ASC Topic 820 using the appropriate 
valuation technique of market, income or cost approach. If the carrying value of a long-lived asset is 
considered impaired, an impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying value of the 
long-lived asset exceeds its fair value.  

Management believes that the estimates of future cash flows and fair value assumptions are 
reasonable; however, changes in assumptions underlying these estimates could affect the valuations. 
Significant judgments and estimates used by management when evaluating long-lived assets for 
impairment include: (i) an assessment as to whether an adverse event or circumstance has triggered the 
need for an impairment review; (ii) undiscounted future cash flows generated by the asset; and (iii) fair 
valuation of the asset.  

Assets and liabilities held for sale  The Company classifies assets and liabilities (disposal groups) 
to be sold as held for sale in the period in which all of the following criteria are met: management, having 
the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the disposal group; the disposal group is 
available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary 
for sales of such disposal groups; an active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to 
complete the plan to sell the disposal group have been initiated; the sale of the disposal group is 
probable, and transfer of the disposal group is expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale 
within one year, except if events or circumstances beyond the Company's control extend the period of 
time required to sell the disposal group beyond one year; the disposal group is being actively marketed 
for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value; and actions required to complete 
the plan indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be 
withdrawn. 

The Company initially measures a disposal group that is classified as held for sale at the lower of its 
carrying value or fair value less any costs to sell. Any loss resulting from this measurement is recognized 
in the period in which the held for sale criteria are met. Conversely, gains are not recognized on the sale 
of a disposal group until the date of sale. The Company assesses the fair value of a disposal group, less 
any costs to sell, each reporting period it remains classified as held for sale and reports any subsequent 
changes as an adjustment to the carrying value of the disposal group, as long as the new carrying value 
does not exceed the carrying value of the disposal group at the time it was initially classified as held for 
sale. 

Upon determining that a disposal group meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale, the 

Company reports the assets and liabilities of the disposal group, if material, in the line items assets held 
for sale and liabilities held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Additionally, depreciation is not 

62

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

recorded during the period in which the long-lived assets, included in the disposal group, are classified as 
held for sale.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets During the fourth quarter of each year, the 

Company qualitatively assesses its goodwill assigned to each of its reporting units. This qualitative 
assessment evaluates various events and circumstances, such as macro economic conditions, industry 
and market conditions, cost factors, relevant events and financial trends, that may impact a reporting 
unit's fair value. Using this qualitative assessment, the Company determines whether it is more-likely-
than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds its carrying value. If it is determined that it is not more-
likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds the carrying value, or upon consideration of other 
factors, including recent acquisition, restructuring or divestiture activity or to refresh the fair values, the 
Company performs a quantitative, "step one," goodwill impairment analysis. In addition, the Company 
may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that could 
more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.  

Similar to goodwill, the Company can elect to perform the impairment test for indefinite-lived 

intangibles other than goodwill (primarily trade names) using a qualitative analysis, considering similar 
factors as outlined in the goodwill discussion in order to determine if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair 
value of the trade names is less than the respective carrying values. If the Company elects to perform or 
is required to perform a quantitative analysis, the test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the 
indefinite-lived intangible asset to the carrying value of the asset as of the impairment testing date. The 
Company estimates the fair value of indefinite-lived intangibles using the relief-from-royalty method, 
which it believes is an appropriate and widely used valuation technique for such assets. The fair value 
derived from the relief-from-royalty method is measured as the discounted cash flow savings realized 
from owning such trade names and not being required to pay a royalty for their use. 

Refer to Note 7, "Goodwill and Other Intangibles," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

Product warranties  The Company provides warranties on some, but not all, of its products. The 

warranty terms are typically from one to three years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to 
product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using 
historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements as well 
as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties. Management 
actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize 
warranty claims. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims 
incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual. The product 
warranty accrual is allocated to current and non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Refer to Note 8, "Product Warranty," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

Other loss accruals and valuation allowances  The Company has numerous other loss exposures, 

such as customer claims, workers' compensation claims, litigation and recoverability of assets. 
Establishing loss accruals or valuation allowances for these matters requires the use of estimates and 
judgment in regard to the risk exposure and ultimate realization. The Company estimates losses under 
the programs using consistent and appropriate methods; however, changes to its assumptions could 
materially affect the recorded accrued liabilities for loss or asset valuation allowances.

Asbestos Like many other industrial companies that have historically operated in the United States, 

the Company, or parties that the Company is obligated to indemnify, has been named as one of many 
defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. BorgWarner Morse TEC LLC ("Morse TEC"), a 
former wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, was the obligor for the Company's recorded asbestos-
related liabilities and the policyholder of the related insurance assets. On October 30, 2019, the 

63

  
  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Company transferred 100% of its equity interests to Enstar Holdings (US) LLC (“Enstar”). In the fourth 
quarter of 2019, the Company derecognized Morse TEC and removed asbestos obligations, related 
insurance assets and associated deferred tax assets from the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

With the assistance of a third-party actuary, the Company estimated the liability and corresponding 
insurance recovery for pending and future claims not yet asserted to extend through December 31, 2064 
with a runoff through 2074 and defense costs. This estimate was based on the Company's historical 
claim experience and estimates of the number and resolution cost of potential future claims that may be 
filed based on anticipated levels of unique plaintiff asbestos-related claims in the U.S. tort system against 
all defendants. As with any estimates, actual experience may differ. This estimate was not discounted to 
present value. The Company believed that December 31, 2074 was a reasonable assumption as to the 
last date on which it was likely to have resolved all asbestos-related claims, based on the nature and 
useful life of the Company’s products and the likelihood of incidence of asbestos-related disease in the 
U.S. population generally. The Company assessed the sufficiency of its estimated liability for pending and 
future claims not yet asserted and defense costs by evaluating actual experience regarding claims filed, 
settled and dismissed, and amounts paid in claim resolution costs. In addition to claims experience, the 
Company considered additional quantitative and qualitative factors such as changes in legislation, the 
legal environment, and the Company's defense strategy. The Company continued to have additional 
excess insurance coverage available for potential future asbestos-related claims.  In connection with the 
Company’s review of its asbestos-related claims, the Company also reviewed the amount of its potential 
insurance coverage for such claims, taking into account the remaining limits of such coverage, the 
number and amount of claims on the Company's insurance from co-insured parties, ongoing litigation 
against the Company’s insurance carriers, potential remaining recoveries from insolvent insurance 
carriers, the impact of previous insurance settlements, and coverage available from solvent insurance 
carriers not party to the coverage litigation.

Refer to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Environmental contingencies  The Company accounts for environmental costs in accordance with 

ASC Topic 450. Costs related to environmental assessments and remediation efforts at operating 
facilities are accrued when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of that liability 
can be reasonably estimated. Estimated costs are recorded at undiscounted amounts, based on 
experience and assessments and are regularly evaluated. The liabilities are recorded in accounts 
payable and accrued expenses and other non-current liabilities in the Company's Consolidated Balance 
Sheets.

Refer to Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

Derivative financial instruments  The Company recognizes that certain normal business 
transactions generate risk. Examples of risks include exposure to exchange rate risk related to 
transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency, changes in commodity costs 
and interest rates. It is the objective of the Company to assess the impact of these transaction risks and 
offer protection from selected risks through various methods, including financial derivatives. Virtually all 
derivative instruments held by the Company are designated as hedges, have high correlation with the 
underlying exposure and are highly effective in offsetting underlying price movements. Accordingly, gains 
and losses from changes in qualifying hedge fair values are matched with the underlying transactions. 
Hedge instruments are generally reported gross, with no right to offset, on the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets at their fair value based on quoted market prices for contracts with similar maturities. The 
Company does not engage in any derivative transactions for purposes other than hedging specific risks.

Refer to Note 11, "Financial Instruments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

64

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Foreign currency  The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars 
using the period-end exchange rate for assets and liabilities and an average exchange rate for each 
period for revenues, expenses and capital expenditures. The local currency is the functional currency for 
substantially all of the Company's foreign subsidiaries. Translation adjustments for foreign subsidiaries 
are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in equity. The 
Company recognizes transaction gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates 
on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency in earnings as incurred. 

Refer to Note 14, "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss," to the Consolidated Financial 

Statements for more information. 

Pensions and other postretirement employee defined benefits  The Company's defined benefit 

pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans are accounted for in accordance with ASC 
Topic 715. Disability, early retirement and other postretirement employee benefits are accounted for in 
accordance with ASC Topic 712. 

Pensions and other postretirement employee benefit costs and related liabilities and assets are 
dependent upon assumptions used in calculating such amounts. These assumptions include discount 
rates, expected returns on plan assets, health care cost trends, compensation and other factors. In 
accordance with GAAP, actual results that differ from the assumptions used are accumulated and 
amortized over future periods, and accordingly, generally affect recognized expense in future periods.

Refer to Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

information. 

Restructuring  Restructuring costs may occur when the Company takes action to exit or significantly 

curtail a part of its operations or implements a reorganization that affects the nature and focus of 
operations.  A restructuring charge can consist of severance costs associated with reductions to the 
workforce, costs to terminate an operating lease or contract, professional fees and other costs incurred 
related to the implementation of restructuring activities.

The Company generally records costs associated with voluntary separations at the time of employee 

acceptance. Costs for involuntary separation programs are recorded when management has approved 
the plan for separation, the employees are identified and aware of the benefits they are entitled to and it 
is unlikely that the plan will change significantly. When a plan of separation requires approval by or 
consultation with the relevant labor organization or government, the costs are recorded upon agreement. 
Costs associated with benefits that are contingent on the employee continuing to provide service are 
accrued over the required service period. 

Refer to Note 16, "Restructuring," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

Income taxes  In accordance with ASC Topic 740, the Company's income tax expense is calculated 

based on expected income and statutory tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which the Company 
operates and requires the use of management's estimates and judgments. Accounting for income taxes 
is complex, in part because the Company conducts business globally and therefore files income tax 
returns in numerous tax jurisdictions. Management judgment is required in determining the Company’s 
worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related assets and liabilities, including accruals 
for unrecognized tax benefits.

65

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The determination of accruals for unrecognized tax benefits includes the application of complex tax 

laws in a multitude of jurisdictions across the Company's global operations. Management judgment is 
required in determining the gross unrecognized tax benefits related liabilities. In the ordinary course of 
the Company's business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax 
determination is less than certain. Accruals for unrecognized tax benefits are established when, despite 
the belief that tax positions are supportable, there remain certain positions that do not meet the minimum 
probability threshold, which is a tax position that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination 
by the applicable taxing authority. 

Refer to Note 5, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards 
Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Under this guidance, a lease is a contract, or part of 
a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange 
for consideration. Lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for leases 
with a term of more than 12 months, including operating leases defined under previous GAAP. This 
guidance was effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018.

The Company adopted ASC Topic 842 as of January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method 

provided in ASU No. 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements." Under this method, the 
Company recorded an adjustment as of the effective date and did not include any retrospective 
adjustments to comparative periods to reflect the adoption of ASC Topic 842. In addition, the Company 
elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within ASC Topic 
842, which among other things, does not require the Company to reassess whether existing contracts 
contain leases, classification of leases identified, nor classification and treatment of initial direct costs 
capitalized under ASC Topic 840. The Company also elected the practical expedients to combine the 
lease and non-lease components. The Company did not elect the practical expedient to apply hindsight 
as part of the leases evaluation. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient under ASU 
No. 2018-01, "Leases (Topic 842): Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842", which 
allows an entity to not reassess whether any existing land easements are or contain leases.

The Company's lease agreements primarily consist of real estate property, such as manufacturing 

facilities, warehouses, and office buildings, in addition to personal property, such as vehicles, 
manufacturing and information technology equipment. The Company determines whether a contract is or 
contains a lease at contract inception. The majority of the Company's lease arrangements are comprised 
of fixed payments and a limited number of these arrangements include a variable payment component 
based on certain index fluctuations.

Adoption of ASC Topic 842 resulted in the recording of lease right-of-use assets ("lease assets") and 

lease liabilities of approximately $104 million and $103 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. The 
adoption did not impact consolidated net earnings and had no impact on cash flows. Refer to Note 17, 
"Leases and Commitments," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Simplifying the 

Accounting for Income Taxes.” The amendments in the standard remove certain exceptions to the 
general principles in Topic 740 and improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas 
of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. This guidance is effective for interim and 

66

  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the 
impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use 
Software (Subtopic 350-40)."  It requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing 
arrangements to be deferred and recognized over the term of the arrangement, if those costs would be 
capitalized by the customer in a software licensing arrangement under the internal-use software 
guidance (Subtopic 350-40). This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this guidance to 
have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined 

Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20)."  The new standard (i) requires the removal of disclosures 
that are no longer considered cost beneficial; (ii) clarifies specific requirements of certain disclosures; (iii) 
adds new disclosure requirements, including the weighted average interest crediting rates for cash 
balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates, and reasons for significant gains 
and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation. This guidance is effective for annual periods 
beginning after December 15, 2020 and early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this 
guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and will include enhanced 
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)." It 
removes disclosure requirements on fair value measurements including the amount of and reasons for 
transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers 
between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. It also amends and 
clarifies certain disclosures and adds new disclosure requirements including the changes in unrealized 
gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value 
measurements, and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop 
Level 3 fair value measurements. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning 
after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures and 
delay adoption of the additional disclosures until the effective date. The Company does not expect this 
guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 
326)."  It replaces the current incurred loss impairment method with a new method that reflects expected 
credit losses. Under this new model an entity would recognize an impairment allowance equal to its 
current estimate of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. This guidance is 
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company 
does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

67

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 2   REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company manufactures and sells products, primarily to OEMs of light vehicles, and to a lesser 

extent, to other OEMs of commercial vehicles and off-highway vehicles, to certain Tier One vehicle 
systems suppliers and into the aftermarket.  Although the Company may enter into long-term supply 
arrangements with its major customers, the prices and volumes are not fixed over the life of the 
arrangements, and a contract does not exist for purposes of applying ASC Topic 606, "Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers", until volumes are contractually known.  Revenue is recognized when 
performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which generally occurs with the 
transfer of control of our products.  For most of our products, transfer of control occurs upon shipment or 
delivery; however, a limited number of our customer arrangements for our highly customized products 
with no alternative use provide us with the right to payment during the production process.  As a result, 
for these limited arrangements, revenue is recognized as goods are produced and control transfers to the 
customer using the input cost-to-cost method. The Company recorded a contract asset of $10 million and 
$11 million at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, for these arrangements. These 
amounts are reflected in Prepayments and other current assets in the Company's Consolidated Balance 
Sheets.  

Revenue is measured at the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for 

transferring the goods. The Company has a limited number of arrangements with customers where the 
price paid by the customer is dependent on the volume of product purchased over the term of the 
arrangement.  In other limited arrangements, the Company will provide a rebate to customers based on 
the volume of products purchased during the course of the arrangement.  The Company estimates the 
volumes to be sold over the term of the arrangement and recognizes revenue based on the estimated 
amount of consideration to be received from these arrangements. As a result of these arrangements, the 
Company recognized a liability of $2 million and $6 million at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 
2018. These amounts are reflected in Accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Company's 
Consolidated Balance Sheets.    

The Company’s payment terms with customers are customary and vary by customer and geography 

but typically range from 30 to 90 days.  We have evaluated the terms of our arrangements and 
determined that they do not contain significant financing components.  The Company provides warranties 
on some of its products.  Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the 
time products are sold. Refer to Note 8, "Product Warranty," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 
more information. Shipping and handling fees billed to customers are included in sales, while costs of 
shipping and handling are included in cost of sales. The Company has elected to apply the accounting 
policy election available under ASC Topic 606 and accounts for shipping and handling activities as a 
fulfillment cost.  

In limited instances, certain customers have provided payments in advance of receiving related 
products, typically at the onset of an arrangement prior to the beginning of production. These contract 
liabilities are reflected in Accounts payable and accrued expenses and Other non-current liabilities in the 
Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets and were $10 million and $12 million at December 31, 2019 
and $13 million and $17 million at December 31, 2018, respectively. These amounts are reflected as 
revenue over the term of the arrangement (typically 3 to 7 years) as the underlying products are shipped.   

The Company continually seeks business development opportunities and at times provides customer 

incentives for new program awards. The Company evaluates the underlying economics of each amount 
of consideration payable to a customer to determine the proper accounting by understanding the reasons 
for the payment, the rights and obligations resulting from the payment, the nature of the promise in the 
contract, and other relevant facts and circumstances. When the Company determines that the payments 
are incremental and incurred only if the new business is obtained and expects to recover these amounts 
from the customer over the term of the new business arrangement, the Company capitalizes these 
amounts. The Company recognizes a reduction to revenue as products that the upfront payments are 

68

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

related to are transferred to the customer, based on the total amount of products expected to be sold 
over the term of the arrangement (generally 3 to 7 years). The Company evaluates the amounts 
capitalized each period end for recoverability and expenses any amounts that are no longer expected to 
be recovered over the term of the business arrangement. The Company had $37 million and $29 million 
recorded in Prepayments and other current assets, and $180 million and $187 million recorded in Other 
non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by 

segment and region:  

(In millions)

North America

Europe

Asia

Other

Total

(In millions)

North America

Europe

Asia

Other

Total

(In millions)

North America

Europe

Asia

Other

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2019

Engine

Drivetrain

Total

$

1,584

2,980

1,468

121

$

1,791

$

830

1,365

29

3,375

3,810

2,833

150

$

6,153

$

4,015

$

10,168

Year Ended December 31, 2018

Engine

Drivetrain

Total

$

1,573

3,074

1,621

122

$

1,799

$

948

1,362

31

3,372

4,022

2,983

153

$

6,390

$

4,140

$

10,530

Year Ended December 31, 2017

Engine

Drivetrain

Total

$

1,509

2,783

1,615

102

$

1,691

$

952

1,116

31

3,200

3,735

2,731

133

$

6,009

$

3,790

$

9,799

NOTE 3 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

The Company's net Research & Development ("R&D") expenditures are included in selling, general 
and administrative expenses of the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer reimbursements 
are netted against gross R&D expenditures as they are considered a recovery of cost. Customer 
reimbursements for prototypes are recorded net of prototype costs based on customer contracts, 
typically either when the prototype is shipped or when it is accepted by the customer. Customer 
reimbursements for engineering services are recorded when performance obligations are satisfied in 
accordance with the contract. Financial risks and rewards transfer upon shipment, acceptance of a 
prototype component by the customer or upon completion of the performance obligation as stated in the 
respective customer agreement. 

The following table presents the Company’s gross and net expenditures on R&D activities:

69

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(in millions)

Gross R&D expenditures

Customer reimbursements

Net R&D expenditures

 Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

498 $

(85)

413 $

512 $

(72)

440 $

473

(65)

408

Net R&D expenditures as a percentage of net sales were 4.1%, 4.2% and 4.2% for the years ended 
December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company has contracts with several customers at 
the Company's various R&D locations. None of the Company's R&D-related customer reimbursements 
under these contracts exceeded 5% of net R&D expenditures in any of the periods presented.

NOTE 4 

OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET

Items included in Other (income) expense, net consist of: 

(in millions)
Gain on derecognition of subsidiary
Restructuring expense
Unfavorable arbitration loss
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense
Asset impairment and loss on divestiture
Asbestos-related adjustments
Gain on sale of building
Gain on commercial settlement
Lease termination settlement
Other income

Other (income) expense, net

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

(177) $
72
14
11
7
—
—
—
—
(2)
(75) $

— $
67
—
6
25
23
(19)
(4)
—
(4)
94 $

—
58
—
10
71
—
—
—
5
—
144

On October 30, 2019, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Enstar, a subsidiary of 
Enstar Group Limited, pursuant to which Enstar acquired 100% of the equity interests of Morse TEC, a 
consolidated wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company that holds asbestos and certain other liabilities. In 
connection with the closing, the Company recorded a pre-tax gain of $177 million. Refer to Note 19 
“Recent Transactions,” to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

During the year ended December 31, 2019 the Company recorded $72 million of restructuring 
expense, primarily related to actions to reduce structural costs. During the years ended December 31, 
2018 and 2017, the Company recorded restructuring expense of $67 million and $58 million, respectively, 
primarily related to Drivetrain and Engine segment actions designed to improve future profitability and 
competitiveness. Refer to Note 16, "Restructuring," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
information. 

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded $14 million of expense related to 
the receipt of a final unfavorable arbitration decision associated with the resolution of a matter related to 
a previous acquisition.

During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded $11 million, $6 

million and $10 million of merger, acquisition and divestiture expenses. The merger, acquisition and 
divestiture expense in the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily professional fees, related to the 
Company's review of strategic acquisition and divestiture targets, including the transfer of Morse TEC, 
the anticipated acquisition of Delphi Technologies PLC, and the 20% equity interest in Romeo Systems, 
Inc. and the divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and thermostat product lines. The merger, 
acquisition and divestiture expense in the year ended December 31, 2018 primarily related to 

70

  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

professional fees associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and thermostat product 
lines. Refer to Note 20, "Assets and Liabilities Held For Sale," to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
for more information. The merger and acquisition expense in the year ended December 31, 2017 
primarily related to the acquisition of Sevcon. Refer to Note 19, "Recent Transactions," to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

In the third quarter of 2017, the Company started exploring strategic options for non-core emission 
product lines. In the fourth quarter of 2017, the Company launched an active program to locate a buyer 
for these non-core pipes and thermostat product lines and initiated all other actions required to complete 
the plan to sell these non-core product lines. The Company determined that the assets and liabilities of 
the pipes and thermostat product lines met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2017. As a 
result, the Company recorded an asset impairment expense of $71 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 to 
adjust the net book value of this business to its fair value less cost to sell. In December 2018, the 
Company reached an agreement to sell its thermostat product lines for approximately $28 million. As a 
result, the Company recorded an additional asset impairment expense of $25 million in the year ended 
December 31, 2018 to adjust the net book value of this business to fair value less costs to sell. All closing 
conditions were satisfied, and the sale was closed on April 1, 2019. Based on the agreement reached in 
the fourth quarter of 2019 regarding the finalization of the purchase price adjustments related to the sale 
of the thermostat product lines, the Company determined that $7 million of additional loss on sale was 
required during the year ended December 31, 2019. 

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded asbestos-related adjustments 
resulting in an increase to Other (income) expense, net, of $23 million. This increase was the result of 
actuarial valuation changes of $23 million associated with the Company's estimate of liabilities for 
asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet resolved and potential claims not yet asserted. Refer to 
Note 15, "Contingencies," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a gain of $19 million related to the sale of a 

building at a manufacturing facility located in Europe.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a gain of approximately $4 

million related to the settlement of a commercial contract for an entity acquired in the 2015 Remy 
acquisition.

During the first quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a loss of $5 million related to the termination 

of a long-term property lease for a manufacturing facility located in Europe.

71

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 5 

INCOME TAXES

Earnings before income taxes and the provision for income taxes are presented in the following table.

(in millions)
Earnings before income taxes:
U.S.
Non-U.S.
Total

Provision for income taxes:
Current:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total current

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred

Total provision for income taxes

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

310 $
955
1,265 $

220 $
976
1,196 $

203
860
1,063

32 $

17 $

4
245
281

150
23
14
187
468 $

5
259
281

(40)
(8)
(22)
(70)
211 $

36
5
247
288

324
2
(34)
292
580

$

$

$

$

The provision for income taxes resulted in an effective tax rate of 37%, 17.7% and 54.7% for the 
years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  An analysis of the differences between 
the effective tax rate and the U.S. statutory rate for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
is presented below.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act"), was enacted into law, which 
significantly changed existing U.S. tax law and included many provisions applicable to the Company, 
such as reducing the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, imposing a one-time transition tax on deemed 
repatriation of deferred foreign income, and adopting a territorial tax system. The Tax Act reduced the 
U.S. federal statutory tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Tax Act also includes a 
provision to tax Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) of foreign subsidiaries, a special tax 
deduction for Foreign-Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”), and a Base Erosion Anti-Abuse (“BEAT”) tax 
measure that may tax certain payments between a U.S. corporation and its subsidiaries. These 
additional provisions of the Tax Act were effective beginning January 1, 2018.

In accordance with guidance provided by Staff Accounting Bulletin No 118 (SAB 118), as of 

December 31, 2017, the Company had not completed its accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act and 
had recorded provisional estimates for significant items including the following: (i) the effects on existing 
deferred balances, including executive compensation, (ii) the one-time transition tax, and (iii) its indefinite 
reinvestment assertion. In light of the treatment of foreign earnings under the Tax Act, the Company 
reconsidered its indefinite reinvestment position and concluded it would no longer assert indefinite 
reinvestment with respect to the Company's foreign unremitted earnings as of December 31, 2017. The 
Company recognized income tax expense of $274 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 for the 
significant items it could reasonably estimate associated with the Tax Act. This amount was comprised of 
(i) a revaluation of U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2017, resulting in a tax charge 
of $75 million, including $11 million for executive compensation (ii) a one-time transition tax resulting in a 
tax charge of $105 million and (iii) a tax charge of $94 million for additional provisional deferred tax 
liabilities with respect to the expected future remittance of foreign earnings. 

72

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

For the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company completed its accounting for the tax effects of 

the Tax Act. The final SAB 118 adjustments resulted in: (i) an increase in the Company's existing deferred 
tax asset balances of $13 million, including $9 million for executive compensation (ii) a tax charge of $8 
million for the one-time transition tax, and (iii) a decrease in the deferred tax liability associated with its 
indefinite reinvestment assertion of $7 million. The total impact to tax expense from these adjustments 
was a net tax benefit of $13 million. Compared to the year ended December 31, 2017, this additional tax 
benefit from the final adjustments was a result of further analysis performed by the Company and the 
issuance of additional regulatory guidance.

In 2018, the Company made an accounting policy election to treat the future tax impacts of the GILTI 

provisions of the Tax Act as a period cost to the extent applicable. 

As discussed above, in light of the treatment of foreign earnings under the Tax Act, the Company 
reconsidered its indefinite reinvestment position with respect to its foreign unremitted earnings in 2017, 
and the Company is no longer asserting indefinite reinvestment with respect to its foreign unremitted 
earnings. The Company recorded a deferred tax liability of $56 million with respect to its foreign 
unremitted earnings at December 31, 2019. With respect to certain book versus tax basis differences not 
represented by undistributed earnings of approximately $400 million as of December 31, 2019, the 
Company continues to assert indefinite reinvestment of these basis differences. These basis differences 
would become taxable upon the sale or liquidation of the foreign subsidiaries. The Company's best 
estimate of the unrecognized deferred tax liability on these basis differences is approximately $20 million 
as of December 31, 2019.

The following table provides a reconciliation of tax expense based on the U.S. statutory tax rate to 

final tax expense.

(in millions)
Income taxes at U.S. statutory rate of 21% for 2019 and 2018 (35% for 
2017)
Increases (decreases) resulting from:

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

266 $

251 $

372

Impact of transactions

Reserve adjustments, settlements and claims

Foreign rate differentials

Net tax on remittance of foreign earnings

U.S. tax on non-U.S. earnings

Other foreign taxes

State taxes, net of federal benefit

Non-deductible transaction costs

Impact of foreign derived intangible income

Valuation allowance adjustments

Affiliates' earnings

Changes in accounting methods and filing positions

Tax credits

Tax holidays

Revaluation of U.S. deferred taxes

Other

124

46

35

22

15

10

3

3

(1)

(2)

(7)

(7)

(17)

(26)

—

4

(1)

32

28

(22)

37

8

6

3

(15)

(11)

(10)

(30)

(26)

(28)

(4)

(7)

Provision for income taxes, as reported

$

468 $

211 $

4

8

(100)

80

171

8

2

11

—

12

(18)

(2)

(24)

(31)

64

23

580

The change in the effective tax rate for 2019, as compared to 2018, was primarily due to the 

derecognition of Morse TEC and items related to the Tax Act. The derecognition of Morse TEC resulted in 

73

  
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

an increase in income tax expense of $173 million for the reversal of the asbestos-related deferred tax 
assets. This amount is offset in the rate reconciliation above by a benefit of $37 million representing the 
impact of the nontaxable pre-tax gain of $177 million. The items related to the Tax Act include an 
increase in tax expense of $22 million due to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s issuance of the final 
regulations in the first quarter of 2019 related to the calculation of the one-time transition tax.  
Additionally, the Company recorded a tax expense of $22 million on net remittance of foreign earnings in 
2019 compared to a tax benefit recorded in 2018. The tax benefit in 2018 is related to the refinement in 
the Company’s change in the indefinite reinvestment assertion.    

The Company's provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2019 includes an 
increase in income tax expense for the items mentioned above. In addition, the provision for income 
taxes also includes reductions of income tax expense of $19 million related to restructuring and merger, 
acquisition and divestiture expense, $11 million for a global realignment plan, $8 million related to other 
one-time adjustments and $6 million related to pension settlement loss. 

The change in the effective tax rate for 2018, as compared to 2017, was primarily due to items 

related to the Tax Act. The Tax Act includes a reduction in the US income tax rate from 35% to 21%, as of 
January 1, 2018. Tax expense includes a provision for GILTI of $29 million, net of foreign tax credits and 
a tax benefit for FDII of $15 million that was not applicable in 2017.  The one-time transition tax that 
resulted in a tax charge of $105 million in 2017 was not applicable in 2018. There was also a tax charge 
of $75 million related to a revaluation of U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities, including $11 million for 
executive compensation in 2017 and the initial tax charge of $94 million related to the Company’s change 
in indefinite reinvestment assertion with respect to the expected future remittance of undistributed foreign 
earnings in 2017.

The Company's provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2018 includes 

reductions of income tax expense of $15 million related to restructuring expense, $6 million related to the 
asbestos-related adjustments, and $8 million related to asset impairment expense, offset by increases to 
tax expense of $1 million and $6 million related to a gain on commercial settlement and a gain on the 
sale of a building, respectively, discussed in Note 4, "Other (Income) Expense, Net," to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  The provision for income taxes also includes reductions of income tax expense of 
$13 million related to final adjustments made to measurement period provisional estimates associated 
with the Tax Act, $22 million related to a decrease in the Company's deferred tax liability due to a tax 
benefit for certain foreign tax credits now available due to actions the Company took during the year, $9 
million related to valuation allowance releases, $3 million related to tax reserve adjustments, and $30 
million related to changes in accounting methods and tax filing positions for prior years primarily related 
to the Tax Act. 

The Company's provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2017 includes 
reductions of income tax expense of $10 million, $1 million, $18 million and $4 million related to the 
restructuring expense, merger and acquisition expense, asset impairment expense and other one-time 
adjustments, respectively, discussed in Note 4, "Other (Income) Expense, Net," to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements. 

74

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A roll forward of the Company's total gross unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 

31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is presented below: 

(in millions)

Balance, January 1

Additions based on tax positions related to current year

Additions/(reductions) for tax positions of prior years

Reductions for closure of tax audits and settlements

Reductions for lapse in statute of limitations

Translation adjustment

Balance, December 31

2019

2018

2017

$

120 $

92 $

7

26

—

(6)

(1)

24

18

(8)

—

(6)

$

146 $

120 $

91

17

(2)

(20)

(1)

7

92

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax 
expense. The amounts recognized in income tax expense for 2019 and 2018 are $15 million and $10 
million, respectively. The Company has an accrual of approximately $46 million and $32 million for the 
payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 
2019, approximately $144 million represents the amount that, if recognized, would affect the Company's 
effective income tax rate in future periods. This amount includes a decrease in U.S. federal income taxes 
that would occur upon recognition of the state tax benefits and U.S. foreign tax credits included therein. 
The Company estimates that approximately $5 million will be released in the next 12 months for the 
closure of an audit and the lapse in statute of limitations subsequent to the reporting period from certain 
taxing jurisdictions. 

The Company and/or one of its subsidiaries files income tax returns in the U.S. federal, various state 

jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. In certain tax jurisdictions, the Company may have more 
than one taxpayer. The Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities in its 
major tax jurisdictions as follows:

Tax jurisdiction
U.S. Federal
China
France
Germany
Hungary

Years no longer subject to audit
2014 and prior
2012 and prior
2015 and prior
2011 and prior
2013 and prior

Tax jurisdiction
Japan
Mexico
Poland
South Korea

Years no longer subject to audit
2018 and prior
2013 and prior
2013 and prior
2013 and prior

In the U.S., certain tax attributes created in years prior to 2015 were subsequently utilized.  Even 
though the U.S. federal statute of limitations has expired for years prior to 2015, the years in which these 
tax attributes were created could still be subject to examination, limited to only the examination of the 
creation of the tax attribute.

75

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 consist of 

the following: 

(in millions)

Deferred tax assets:

Research and development capitalization

Net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards

Other comprehensive loss

Unrecognized tax benefits

Employee compensation

Pension and other postretirement benefits

State tax credits

Warranty

Foreign tax credits

Asbestos-related

Other

Total deferred tax assets

Valuation allowance

Net deferred tax asset

Deferred tax liabilities:

Goodwill and intangible assets

Fixed assets

Unremitted foreign earnings

Other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred taxes

December 31,

2019

2018

$

74 $

70

53

49

32

25

21

15

13

—

67

419 $

(71)

348 $

(174)

(144)

(56)

(20)

(394) $

(46) $

$

$

$

$

92

84

64

41

24

19

20

14

—

172

80

610

(86)

524

(183)

(118)

(57)

(19)

(377)

147

At December 31, 2019, certain non-U.S. subsidiaries have net operating loss carryforwards totaling 

$212 million available to offset future taxable income. Of the total $212 million, $147 million expire at 
various dates from 2020 through 2039 and the remaining $65 million have no expiration date. The 
Company has a valuation allowance recorded against $134 million of the $212 million of non-U.S. net 
operating loss carryforwards. The Company has a U.S. foreign tax credit carryover of $13 million, which 
is partially offset by a valuation allowance of $2 million. Certain U.S. subsidiaries have state net operating 
loss carryforwards totaling $571 million, which are largely offset by a valuation allowance of $504 million. 
The state net operating loss carryforwards expire at various dates from 2020 to 2039. Certain U.S. 
subsidiaries also have state tax credit carryforwards of $21 million which are partially offset by a 
valuation allowance of $19 million. Certain non-U.S. subsidiaries located in China had tax exemptions or 
tax holidays, which reduced local tax expense approximately $26 million and $28 million in 2019 and 
2018, respectively. The tax holidays for these subsidiaries are issued in three-year terms with expirations 
for certain subsidiaries ranging from 2019 to 2021. 

76

  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 6  BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION

Detailed balance sheet data is as follows:

(in millions)
Receivables, net:
Customers
Indirect taxes 
Other

Gross receivables
Bad debt allowance (a)
Total receivables, net

Inventories, net:

Raw material and supplies
Work in progress
Finished goods
FIFO inventories
LIFO reserve

Total inventories, net

Prepayments and other current assets:

Prepaid taxes
Prepaid tooling
Other

Total prepayments and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net:

Land and land use rights
Buildings
Machinery and equipment
Capital leases
Construction in progress

Property, plant and equipment, gross

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net, excluding tooling

Tooling, net of amortization

Property, plant and equipment, net
Investments and other long-term receivables:

Investment in equity affiliates
Cost method investments
Other long-term asbestos-related insurance receivables*
Other long-term receivables*

Total investments and other long-term receivables

Other non-current assets:

Operating leases
Deferred income taxes*
Deferred asbestos-related insurance asset*
Other

Total other non-current assets

77

December 31,

2019

2018

1,713 $
106
108
1,927
(6)
1,921 $

502 $
113
207
822
(15)
807 $

95 $
83
98

276 $

105 $
755
2,971
1
360
4,192
(1,513)
2,679
246
2,925 $

256 $

60
—
2
318 $

85 $
79
—
215
379 $

1,728
114
153
1,995
(7)
1,988

485
114
199
798
(17)
781

84
83
83
250

108
763
2,851
3
426
4,151
(1,474)
2,677
227
2,904

244
8
303
37
592

—
198
83
221
502

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(in millions)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses:

Trade payables
Payroll and employee related
Customer related
Product warranties
Indirect taxes 
Severance
Operating leases
Interest
Insurance
Retirement related
Dividends payable to noncontrolling shareholders
Asbestos-related*
Other

Total accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other non-current liabilities:
Deferred income taxes
Operating leases
Product warranties
Deferred revenue
Other

Total other non-current liabilities

December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

$

$

1,325 $
233
71
63
61
34
18
18
17
15
14
—
108
1,977 $

125 $

67
53
49
255
549 $

1,485
233
49
56
73
25
—
19
12
16
17
50
109
2,144

51
—
47
51
208
357

________________
*  Relates to the derecognition of Morse TEC, refer to Note 19, “Recent Transactions” to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

for more information.

 (a) Bad debt allowance:

Beginning balance, January 1

Provision

Write-offs

Ending balance, December 31

2019

2018

2017

$

$

(7) $

(6) $

(1)

2

(5)

4

(6) $

(7) $

(3)

(3)

—

(6)

 As of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, accounts payable of $102 million and $104 

million, respectively, were related to property, plant and equipment purchases. 

Interest costs capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were $16 million, 

$22 million and $20 million, respectively.

NOTE 7  GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

During the fourth quarter of each year, the Company qualitatively assesses its goodwill assigned to 

each of its reporting units. This qualitative assessment evaluates various events and circumstances, 
such as macro economic conditions, industry and market conditions, cost factors, relevant events and 
financial trends, that may impact a reporting unit's fair value. Using this qualitative assessment, the 
Company determines whether it is more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds its carrying 
value. If it is determined that it is not more-likely-than-not the reporting unit's fair value exceeds the 
carrying value, or upon consideration of other factors, including recent acquisition, restructuring or 
divestiture activity or to refresh the fair values, the Company performs a quantitative, "step one," goodwill 
impairment analysis. In addition, the Company may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event 

78

  
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

occurs or circumstances change that could more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit 
below its carrying value.  

During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company performed an analysis on each reporting unit. Based 

on the factors above, the Company elected to perform quantitative, "step one," goodwill impairment 
analyses, on three reporting units. This requires the Company to make significant assumptions and 
estimates about the extent and timing of future cash flows, discount rates and growth rates. The basis of 
this goodwill impairment analysis is the Company's annual budget and long-range plan (“LRP”). The 
annual budget and LRP includes a five-year projection of future cash flows based on actual new products 
and customer commitments and assumes the last year of the LRP data is a fair indication of the future 
performance. Because the LRP is estimated over a significant future period of time, those estimates and 
assumptions are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. Further, the market valuation models and other 
financial ratios used by the Company require certain assumptions and estimates regarding the 
applicability of those models to the Company's facts and circumstances. 

The Company believes the assumptions and estimates used to determine the estimated fair value 

are reasonable. Different assumptions could materially affect the estimated fair value. The primary 
assumptions affecting the Company's December 31, 2019 goodwill quantitative, "step one," impairment 
review are as follows: 

•  Discount rate: the Company used a 10.7% weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) as the 
discount rate for future cash flows. The WACC is intended to represent a rate of return that 
would be expected by a market participant.  

•  Operating income margin: the Company used historical and expected operating income 

margins, which may vary based on the projections of the reporting unit being evaluated.  

•  Revenue growth rate: the Company used a global automotive market industry growth rate 

forecast adjusted to estimate its own market participation for product lines. 

In addition to the above primary assumptions, the Company notes the following risks to volume and 

operating income assumptions that could have an impact on the discounted cash flow models: 

•  The automotive industry is cyclical, and the Company's results of operations would be adversely 

affected by industry downturns. 

•  The Company is dependent on market segments that use our key products and would be affected 

by decreasing demand in those segments. 

•  The Company is subject to risks related to international operations. 

Based on the assumptions outlined above, the impairment testing conducted in the fourth quarter of 
2019 indicated the Company's goodwill assigned to the reporting units that were quantitatively assessed 
were not impaired and contained fair values substantially higher than the reporting units' carrying values.  
Additionally, for the reporting units quantitatively assessed, sensitivity analyses were completed 
indicating that a one percentage point increase in the discount rate, a one percentage point decrease in 
the operating margin, or a one percentage point decrease in the revenue growth rate assumptions would 
not result in the carrying value exceeding the fair value. 

79

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

are as follows:

(in millions)

Gross goodwill balance, January 1

Accumulated impairment losses, January 1

Net goodwill balance, January 1

Goodwill during the year:

Acquisitions*

Translation adjustment and other

Ending balance, December 31

2019

2018

Engine

Drivetrain

Engine

Drivetrain

1,343 $

1,012 $

1,360 $

1,024

(502)

—

(502)

—

841 $

1,012 $

858 $

1,024

—

(6)

7

(12)

—

(17)

2

(14)

835 $

1,007 $

841 $

1,012

$

$

$

________________
*  Acquisitions relate to the Company's 2019 purchase of Rinehart Motion Systems LLC and AM Racing LLC and the 2017 

purchase of Sevcon. 

The Company’s other intangible assets, primarily from acquisitions, consist of the following:

December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Gross 
carrying 
amount

Accumulated 
amortization

Net 
carrying 
amount

Gross 
carrying 
amount

Accumulated 
amortization

Net 
carrying 
amount

(in millions)

Amortized intangible assets:

Patented and unpatented
technology

Customer relationships

Miscellaneous

Total amortized intangible assets

Unamortized trade names

$

154 $

70 $

84 $

152 $

61 $

481
10

645
55

224
4

298

—

257

6

347

55

490

8

650

55

201

4

266

—

91

289

4

384

55

439

Total other intangible assets

$

700 $

298 $

402 $

705 $

266 $

Amortization of other intangible assets was $39 million, $40 million and $40 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The estimated useful lives of the Company's 
amortized intangible assets range from 3 to 20 years. The Company utilizes the straight line method of 
amortization recognized over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated future annual 
amortization expense, primarily for acquired intangible assets, is as follows: $39 million in 2020, $38 
million in 2021, $37 million in 2022, $31 million in 2023, and $31 million in 2024.

A roll forward of the gross carrying amounts of the Company's other intangible assets is presented 

below:

(in millions)

Beginning balance, January 1

Acquisitions*

Translation adjustment

Ending balance, December 31

2019

2018

$

$

705 $

5

(10)

700 $

730

—

(25)

705

________________
*  Acquisitions relate to the Company's 2019 purchase of Rinehart Motion Systems LLC and AM Racing LLC and the 2017 

purchase of Sevcon. 

80

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A roll forward of the accumulated amortization associated with the Company's other intangible assets 

is presented below:

(in millions)

Beginning balance, January 1

Amortization

Translation adjustment

Ending balance, December 31

NOTE 8  PRODUCT WARRANTY

2019

2018

$

$

266 $

39

(7)

298 $

237

40

(11)

266

The changes in the carrying amount of the Company’s total product warranty liability for the years 

ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

(in millions)

Beginning balance, January 1

Provisions for current period sales
Adjustments of prior estimates

Payments

Translation adjustment

Ending balance, December 31

2019

2018

$

103 $

63
9

(57)

(2)

$

116 $

112

56
12

(73)

(4)

103

The product warranty liability is classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

(in millions)

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other non-current liabilities

Total product warranty liability

December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

63 $

53

116 $

56

47

103

81

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 9  NOTES PAYABLE AND LONG-TERM DEBT

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had short-term and long-term debt outstanding as 

follows:

(in millions)
Short-term debt
Short-term borrowings

Long-term debt

8.00% Senior notes due 10/01/19 ($134 million par value)

4.625% Senior notes due 09/15/20 ($250 million par value)

1.80% Senior notes due 11/7/22 (€500 million par value)

3.375% Senior notes due 03/15/25 ($500 million par value)

7.125% Senior notes due 02/15/29 ($121 million par value)

4.375% Senior notes due 03/15/45 ($500 million par value)

Term loan facilities and other

Total long-term debt

Less: current portion

Long-term debt, net of current portion

December 31,

2019

2018

$

34 $

33

—

251

558

497

119

494

7

135

251

570

497

119

494

15

$

$

1,926 $

252

1,674 $

2,081

140

1,941

In July 2016, the Company terminated interest rate swaps which had the effect of converting $384 
million of fixed rate notes to variable rates. The gain on the termination was recorded as an increase to 
the notes and is being amortized as a reduction to interest expense over the remaining terms of the 
notes. The unamortized gain related to these swap terminations was $1 million and $2 million as of 
December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, on the 4.625% notes. 

The Company may utilize uncommitted lines of credit for short-term working capital requirements. As 

of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had $34 million and $33 million, respectively, in 
borrowings under these facilities, which are reported in Notes payable and short-term debt on the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The weighted average interest rate on short-term borrowings outstanding as of December 31, 2019 

and 2018 was 2.5% and 4.3%, respectively. The weighted average interest rate on all borrowings 
outstanding, including the effects of outstanding swaps, as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 was 2.8% 
and 3.4%, respectively.  

Annual principal payments required as of December 31, 2019 are as follows:

(in millions)

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

After 2024

Total payments

Less: unamortized discounts

Total

82

$

$

$

286

3

562

1

—

1,121

1,973

13

1,960

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company's long-term debt includes various covenants, none of which are expected to restrict 

future operations.

The Company has a $1.2 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility, which includes a feature that 
allows the Company's facility to be increased to $1.5 billion with bank approval. The facility provides for 
borrowings through June 29, 2022. The Company has one key financial covenant as part of the credit 
agreement which is a debt to EBITDA ("Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization") 
ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at December 31, 2019.  At December 
31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under this facility. 

The Company's commercial paper program allows the Company to issue short-term, unsecured 
commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate principal amount outstanding of $1.2 billion. Under 
this program, the Company may issue notes from time to time and use the proceeds for general 
corporate purposes. The Company had no outstanding borrowings under this program as of December 
31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.  

The total current combined borrowing capacity under the multi-currency revolving credit facility and 

commercial paper program cannot exceed $1.2 billion.

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the estimated fair values of the Company's senior unsecured 
notes totaled $2,025 million and $2,058 million, respectively. The estimated fair values were $106 million 
higher than carrying value at December 31, 2019 and $8 million less than their carrying value at 
December 31, 2018. Fair market values of the senior unsecured notes are developed using observable 
values for similar debt instruments, which are considered Level 2 inputs as defined by ASC Topic 820. 
The carrying values of the Company's multi-currency revolving credit facility and commercial paper 
program approximate fair value. The fair value estimates do not necessarily reflect the values the 
Company could realize in the current markets.

The Company had outstanding letters of credit of $28 million and $43 million at December 31, 2019 
and 2018, respectively. The letters of credit typically act as guarantees of payment to certain third parties 
in accordance with specified terms and conditions.

NOTE 10   FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

ASC Topic 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific 

measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on assumptions that 
market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant 
assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy, which 
prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair values as follows:

Level 1:  Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;
Level 2: 

Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or 
indirectly; and

Level 3:  Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting 

entity to develop its own assumptions.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation 

techniques noted in ASC Topic 820:

A.  Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market 

transactions involving identical or comparable assets, liabilities or a group of assets or 
liabilities, such as a business.

83

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

B.  Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an 

C. 

asset (replacement cost).
Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount 
based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing and 
excess earnings models).

The following tables classify assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of 

December 31, 2019 and 2018:

(in millions)

Assets:

Basis of fair value measurements

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical items
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Valuation
technique

Balance at 
December 31, 2019

Net investment hedge contracts

Liabilities:

Foreign currency contracts

Net investment hedge contracts

$

$

$

3 $

— $

3 $

1 $
8 $

— $

— $

1 $

8 $

—

—

—

A

A

A

(in millions)

Assets:

Basis of fair value measurements

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical items
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Valuation
technique

Balance at 
December 31, 2018

Foreign currency contracts

Other long-term receivables
(insurance settlement agreement note
receivable)

Net investment hedge contracts

Liabilities:

Foreign currency contracts

$

$

$

$

3 $

— $

3 $

34 $

12 $

— $

— $

34 $

12 $

2 $

— $

2 $

—

—

—

—

A

C

A

A

The following tables classify the Company's defined benefit plan assets measured at fair value on a 

recurring basis as of December 31, 2019 and 2018:

Basis of fair value measurements

(in millions)

U.S. Plans:

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

Real estate and other

Non-U.S. Plans:

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

Insurance contract and other

Balance at
December 31, 2019

Quoted prices in 
active markets 
for identical 
items 
(Level 1)

Significant other 
observable 
inputs 
(Level 2)

Significant 
unobservable 
inputs 
(Level 3) 
(a)

Valuation
technique

Assets 
measured at 
NAV
(b)

$

$

$

$

88 $

59

29

176 $

— $
8

15

23 $

— $

—

—

— $

168 $

— $

— $

185

152

111

—

—

—

505 $

111 $

— $

—

—

—

—

—

—

110

110

—

A

A

—

A

C

88

51

14

$

153

168

74

42

$

284

84

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(in millions)

U.S. Plans:

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

Real estate and other

Non-U.S. Plans:

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

Other

Basis of fair value measurements

Balance at
December 31, 2018

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical items
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Valuation
technique

Assets 
measured at 
NAV 
(b)

$

$

$

$

122 $

1 $

— $

71

23

11

18

—

—

216 $

30 $

— $

239 $

— $

— $

163

36

93

—

—

—

438 $

93 $

— $

A

A

A

—

A

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

121

60

5

$

186

239

70

36

$

345

________________
(a) 

In 2019, the BW Plan, a defined benefit plan in the United Kingdom, purchased an insurance contract that guarantees 
payment of specified pension liabilities. The Company measures the fair value of the insurance asset by projecting 
expected future cash flows from the contract and discounting them to present value based on current market rates, 
including an assessment for non-performance risk of the insurance company. The assumptions used to project 
expected future cash flows are based on actuarial estimates and are unobservable; therefore, the contract is 
categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy.

(b) 

Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not 
been classified in the fair value hierarchy. These amounts represent investments in commingled and managed funds 
which have underlying assets in fixed income securities, equity securities, and other assets.

The reconciliation of Level 3 defined benefit plans assets was as follows:

(in millions)

Balance at December 31, 2018

Purchase of insurance contract

Unrealized gains on assets still held at the reporting date

Translation adjustment

Balance at December 31, 2019

$

$

Fair Value Measurements

Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

—

106

2

2

110

Refer to Note 12, "Retirement Benefit Plans," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 

detail surrounding the defined plan’s asset investment policies and strategies, target allocation 
percentages and expected return on plan asset assumptions.

NOTE 11  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and 
accounts receivable. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, their book value approximates 
their fair value. The Company’s financial instruments may include long-term debt, interest rate and cross-
currency swaps, commodity derivative contracts and foreign currency derivative contracts. All derivative 
contracts are placed with counterparties that have an S&P, or equivalent, investment grade credit rating 
at the time of the contracts’ placement. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had no derivative 
contracts that contained credit-risk-related contingent features. 

 The Company uses certain commodity derivative contracts to protect against commodity price 
changes related to forecasted raw material and component purchases. The Company primarily utilizes 

85

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

forward and option contracts, which are designated as cash flow hedges.  At December 31, 2019 and 
December 31, 2018, the following commodity derivative contracts were outstanding. 

Commodity

Copper

December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Units of measure

Duration

203

257

Metric Tons

Dec - 20

Volume hedged

Volume hedged

Commodity derivative contracts

The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates 

while attempting to optimize its interest costs. The Company selectively uses interest rate swaps to 
reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates (fair value hedges).  At December 31, 
2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no outstanding interest rate swaps.

The Company uses foreign currency forward and option contracts to protect against exchange rate 

movements for forecasted cash flows, including capital expenditures, purchases, operating expenses or 
sales transactions designated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operating unit.  In 
addition, the Company uses foreign currency forward contracts to hedge exposure associated with our 
net investment in certain foreign operations (net investment hedges). The Company has also designated 
its Euro-denominated debt as a net investment hedge of the Company's investment in a European 
subsidiary. Foreign currency derivative contracts require the Company, at a future date, to either buy or 
sell foreign currency in exchange for the operating units’ local currency.  At December 31, 2019 and 
December 31, 2018, the following foreign currency derivative contracts were outstanding:

Foreign currency derivatives (in millions)

Notional in traded currency 
December 31, 2019

Notional in traded currency 
December 31, 2018

Ending duration

Functional currency

Traded currency

Brazilian real

Brazilian real

British pound

British pound

Chinese renminbi

Euro

US dollar

Euro

US dollar

US dollar

Euro

Euro

Euro

Euro

Japanese yen

Japanese yen

Japanese yen

Korean won

Korean won

Korean won

Swedish krona

US dollar

US dollar

British pound

Japanese yen

Swedish krona

US dollar

Chinese renminbi

Korean won

US dollar

Euro

Japanese yen

US dollar

Euro

Euro

Mexican peso

1

—
9

4

2

—

383

—

18

—

—

—

13

409
4

3

14

—

4

5

—

—

—

7

—

540

19

89

5,785

3

6

266

7

56

—

575

Mar - 20

Jun - 19

Mar - 20

Mar - 20

Aug - 20

Oct - 19

Dec - 20

Jun - 19

Dec - 20

Dec - 19

Dec - 19

Dec - 19

Dec - 20

Dec - 20

Dec - 20

Jan - 20

Dec - 20

Dec - 19

The Company selectively uses cross-currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency exposure 
associated with our net investment in certain foreign operations (net investment hedges). In December 
2019, the Company terminated its $250 million cross-currency swap contract originally maturing in 
September 2020, and executed a $500 million cross-currency swap contract to mature in March 2025, 
resulting in cash proceeds of $23 million and a deferred gain of $21 million that is expected to remain in 
accumulated other comprehensive loss. At December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the following 
cross-currency swap contracts were outstanding: 

86

  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(in millions)

US dollar to Euro:

Fixed receiving notional

Fixed paying notional

US dollar to Japanese yen:

Fixed receiving notional

Fixed paying notional

Cross-currency swaps

December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Ending duration

$

$

¥

500

450

100

10,978

$

$

¥

250

206

100

10,978

Mar - 25

Mar - 25

Feb - 23

Feb - 23

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the following amounts were recorded in the Consolidated Balance 

Sheets as being payable to or receivable from counterparties under ASC Topic 815: 

(in millions)

Derivatives
designated as
hedging
instruments Under
Topic 815:

Assets

Liabilities

Location

December 31,
2019

December 31,
2018

Location

December 31,
2019

December 31,
2018

Foreign currency

Prepayments and other
current assets

Other non-current
assets

Net investment
hedges

Derivatives not
designated as
hedging
instruments

Foreign currency

Prepayments and other
current assets

$

$

$

— $

3

$

2

12

Accounts payable and
accrued expenses

Other non-current
liabilities

$

$

1

8

$

$

2

—

— $

Accounts payable and
accrued expenses

1

$

— $

—

Effectiveness for cash flow hedges is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship and 

quarterly, thereafter. Gains and losses arising from these contracts that are included in the assessment of 
effectiveness are deferred into accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") and reclassified 
into income as the underlying operating transactions are recognized. These realized gains or losses 
offset the hedged transaction and are recorded on the same line in the statement of operations. The 
initial value of any component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness will be recognized in 
income using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument. Any difference 
between the change in fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in income under 
that systematic and rational method will be recognized in AOCI. 

Effectiveness for net investment hedges is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship and 
quarterly, thereafter.  Gains and losses arising from these contracts that are included in the assessment 
of effectiveness are deferred into foreign currency translation adjustments and only released when the 
subsidiary being hedged is sold or substantially liquidated.  The initial value of any component excluded 
from the assessment of effectiveness will be recognized in income using a systematic and rational 
method over the life of the hedging instrument. Any difference between the change in fair value of the 
excluded component and amounts recognized in income under that systematic and rational method will 
be recognized in AOCI.   

87

  
€
€
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The table below shows deferred gains (losses) reported in AOCI as well as the amount expected to 
be reclassified to income in one year or less. The amount expected to be reclassified to income in one 
year or less assumes no change in the current relationship of the hedged item at December 31, 2019 
market rates.

(in millions)

Contract Type

Net investment hedges:

    Foreign currency

    Cross-currency swaps

    Foreign currency denominated debt

Total

Deferred gain (loss) in AOCI at

December 31, 2019

December 31, 2018

Gain (loss)
expected to be
reclassified to
income in one
year or less

5

16

(17)

4

12

(30)

$

4

$

(14)

$

—

—

—

—

88

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

  Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC Topic 815 held during 
the period resulted in the following gains and losses recorded in income:

Year Ended December 31, 2019

Net sales

Cost of sales

Selling, general and
administrative expenses

Other comprehensive
income

$

10,168

$

8,067

$

873

$

(53)

    Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income

$

(5)

$

1

$

$

$

3

(1)

—

Year Ended December 31, 2018

Net sales

Cost of sales

Selling, general and
administrative expenses

Other comprehensive
income

$

10,530

$

8,300

$

946

$

(170)

(in millions)

Total amounts of earnings and other
comprehensive income line items in which the
effects of cash flow hedges are recorded

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:

Foreign currency

Gain (loss) recognized in other
comprehensive income

(in millions)

Total amounts of earnings and other
comprehensive income line items in which the
effects of cash flow hedges are recorded

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:

Foreign currency

Gain (loss) recognized in other
comprehensive income

    Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income

$

(2)

$

(1)

$

$

— $

(1)

—

(in millions)

Total amounts of earnings and other 
comprehensive income line items in which the 
effects of cash flow hedges are recorded

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:

Year Ended December 31, 2017

Net sales

Cost of sales

Selling, general and
administrative expenses

Other comprehensive
income

$

9,799

$

7,684

$

899

$

232

Foreign currency

Gain (loss) recognized in other 
comprehensive income

    Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income

Commodity

Gain (loss) recognized in other 
comprehensive income

    Gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI to income

$

$

$

3

$

— $

— $

— $

— $

1

$

$

— $

— $

— $

(5)

—

1

—

There were no gains and (losses) recorded in income related to components excluded from the 

assessment of effectiveness for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges. 

Gains and (losses) on derivative instruments designated as net investment hedges were recognized 

in other comprehensive income during the periods presented below.

(in millions)

Net investment hedges

Foreign currency

Cross-currency swaps

Foreign currency denominated debt

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

1

4

13

$

$

$

2

12

27

$

$

$

(8)

—

(84)

$

$

$

89

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Derivatives designated as net investment hedge instruments as defined by ASC Topic 815 held 
during the period resulted in the following gains and (losses) recorded in Interest expense and finance 
charges on components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness: 

(in millions)

Net investment hedges

Foreign currency

Cross-currency swaps

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

— $

11

$

1

9

$

$

1

—

There were no gains and (losses) recorded in income related to components excluded from the 

assessment of effectiveness for foreign currency denominated debt designated as net investment 
hedges. There were no gains and losses reclassified from AOCI for net investment hedges during the 
periods presented. 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are used to hedge remeasurement exposures of 

monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the operating units' functional 
currency. These derivatives resulted in the following gains and (losses) recorded to income:

(in millions)

Contract Type

Location

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

Foreign Currency

Selling, general and administrative expenses

$

(3)

$

1

$

(1)

NOTE 12 RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors various defined contribution savings plans, primarily in the U.S., that allow 

employees to contribute a portion of their pre-tax and/or after-tax income in accordance with plan 
specified guidelines. Under specified conditions, the Company will make contributions to the plans and/or 
match a percentage of the employee contributions up to certain limits. Total expense related to the defined 
contribution plans was $37 million, $35 million and $34 million in the years ended December 31, 2019, 
2018 and 2017, respectively.

The Company has a number of defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement employee 
benefit plans covering eligible salaried and hourly employees and their dependents. The defined pension 
benefits provided are primarily based on (i) years of service and (ii) average compensation or a monthly 
retirement benefit amount. The Company provides defined benefit pension plans in France, Germany, 
Ireland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Sweden, U.K. and the U.S. The other postretirement employee 
benefit plans, which provide medical benefits, are unfunded plans. Our U.S. and U.K. defined benefit 
plans are frozen and no additional service cost is being accrued. All pension and other postretirement 
employee benefit plans in the U.S. have been closed to new employees. The measurement date for all 
plans is December 31.

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company settled approximately $50 million of its U.S. 

pension projected benefit obligation by liquidating approximately $50 million in plan assets through a 
lump-sum disbursement made to an insurance company. Pursuant to this agreement, the insurance 
company unconditionally and irrevocably guarantees all future payments to certain participants that were 
receiving payments from the U.S. pension plan. The insurance company assumes all investment risk 
associated with the assets that were delivered as part of this transaction. Additionally, during the year 
ended December 31, 2019, the Company discharged certain U.S. pension plan obligations by making 
lump-sum payments of $15 million to former employees of the Company. As a result, the Company 
settled $65 million of projected benefit obligation by liquidating pension plan assets and recorded a non-
cash settlement loss of $27 million related to the accelerated recognition of unamortized losses.

90

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table summarizes the expenses for the Company's defined contribution and defined 

benefit pension plans and the other postretirement defined employee benefit plans:

(in millions)

Defined contribution expense

Defined benefit pension expense

Other postretirement employee benefit expense

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

37 $

35 $

45

—

8

—

82 $

43 $

34

12

1

47

$

$

The following provides a roll forward of the plans’ benefit obligations, plan assets, funded status and 

recognition in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(in millions)

US

Non-US

US

Non-US

2019

2018

Pension benefits

Year Ended December 31,

Other postretirement

employee benefits

2019

2018

Year Ended December 31,

Change in projected benefit obligation:

Projected benefit obligation, January 1

$

253

$

612

$

283

$

629

$

Service cost

Interest cost

Plan amendments

Settlement and curtailment

Actuarial (gain) loss

Currency translation

Benefits paid

—

8

—

(65)

17

—

(15)

18

12

—

(5)

75

(1)

(16)

—

9

—

—

(18)

—

(21)

18

12

2

(4)

5

(30)

(20)

87

—

3

—

—

3

—

(12)

$

107

—

3

—

—

(6)

—

(17)

87

Projected benefit obligation, December 31

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets, January 1

Actual return on plan assets

Employer contribution

Settlements

Currency translation

Benefits paid

Fair value of plan assets, December 31

Funded status

Amounts in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
consist of:

Non-current assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Net amount

Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive
loss consist of:

Net actuarial loss

Net prior service (credit) cost

Net amount

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

198

$

695

$

253

$

612

$

81

$

216

$

438

$

240

$

29

10

(65)

—

(14)

68

16

(5)

4

(16)

(11)

7

—

—

(20)

483

(18)

19

(4)

(22)

(20)

176

$

505

$

216

$

438

(22) $

(190) $

(37) $

(174) $

(81) $

(87)

— $

28

$

— $

17

$

— $

(1)

(21)

(4)

(214)

—

(37)

(5)

(186)

(10)

(71)

(22) $

(190) $

(37) $

(174) $

(81) $

82

$

211

$

113

$

193

$

(5)

2

(6)

2

77

$

213

$

107

$

195

$

16

$

(8)

8

$

—

(11)

(76)

(87)

13

(12)

1

Total accumulated benefit obligation for all plans $

198

$

660

$

253

$

583

91

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The funded status of pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets at 

December 31 is as follows:

(in millions)

Accumulated benefit obligation

Plan assets

Deficiency

Pension deficiency by country:

United States

Germany

Other

Total pension deficiency

December 31,

2019

2018

(633) $

425

(208) $

(22) $

(107)

(79)

(650)

450

(200)

(37)

(95)

(68)

(208) $

(200)

$

$

$

$

The weighted average asset allocations of the Company’s funded pension plans and target allocations 

by asset category are as follows:

U.S. Plans:

Real estate and other

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

Non-U.S. Plans:

Insurance contract, real estate and other

Fixed income securities

Equity securities

December 31,

2019

2018

Target
Allocation

16%

50%

34%

11% 0% - 15%

56% 45% - 65%

33% 25% - 45%

100%

100%

30%

33%

37%

8% 0% - 36%

55% 29% - 62%

37% 30% - 43%

100%

100%

The Company's investment strategy is to maintain actual asset weightings within a preset range of 

target allocations. The Company believes these ranges represent an appropriate risk profile for the 
planned benefit payments of the plans based on the timing of the estimated benefit payments. In each 
asset category, separate portfolios are maintained for additional diversification. Investment managers are 
retained in each asset category to manage each portfolio against its benchmark. Each investment 
manager has appropriate investment guidelines. In addition, the entire portfolio is evaluated against a 
relevant peer group. The defined benefit pension plans did not hold any Company securities as 
investments as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. A portion of pension assets is invested in common and 
commingled trusts.

The Company expects to contribute a total of $10 million to $20 million into its defined benefit pension 

plans during 2020. Of the $10 million to $20 million in projected 2020 contributions, $4 million are 
contractually obligated, while any remaining payments would be discretionary. 

Refer to Note 10, "Fair Value Measurements," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
detail surrounding the fair value of each major category of plan assets, as well as the inputs and valuation 
techniques used to develop the fair value measurements of the plans' assets at December 31, 2019 and 
2018.

92

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

See the table below for a breakout of net periodic benefit cost between U.S. and non-U.S. pension 

plans:

(in millions)

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Settlements, curtailments and other

Amortization of unrecognized prior service 
(credit) cost

Amortization of unrecognized loss

Net periodic cost (income) 

$

27

$

Pension benefits

Year Ended December 31,

Other postretirement
employee benefits

2019

2018

2017

Year Ended December 31,

US

Non-US

US

Non-US

US

Non-US

2019

2018

2017

$

— $

8

(11)

27

(1)

4

18

12

(22)

1

—

9

18

$

— $

9

(14)

—

(1)

4

$

(2) $

18

12

(27)

—

—

7

10

$

— $

9

(13)

—

(1)

4

$

(1) $

18

11

(24)

—

—

8

13

$

— $

— $

3

—

—

(4)

1

3

—

—

(4)

1

$

— $

— $

—

3

—

—

(4)

2

1

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in 

Other postretirement income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The estimated net loss for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from accumulated 

other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year is $14 million. The 
estimated net loss and prior service credit for the other postretirement employee benefit plans that will be 
amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal 
year are $1 million and $3 million, respectively.

The Company's weighted-average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations for its 
defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans as of December 31, 2019 and 
2018 were as follows:

(percent)

U.S. pension plans:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

U.S. other postretirement employee benefit plans:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

Non-U.S. pension plans:

Discount rate

Rate of compensation increase

December 31,

2019

2018

3.17

N/A

2.95

N/A

1.61

3.05

4.24

N/A

4.05

N/A

2.28

2.99

93

  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company's weighted-average assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost/
(income) for its defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans for the years 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were as follows:

(percent)

U.S. pension plans:

Discount rate - service cost

Effective interest rate on benefit obligation

Expected long-term rate of return on assets

Average rate of increase in compensation

U.S. other postretirement plans:

Discount rate - service cost

Effective interest rate on benefit obligation

Expected long-term rate of return on assets

Average rate of increase in compensation

Non-U.S. pension plans:

Discount rate - service cost

Effective interest rate on benefit obligation

Expected long-term rate of return on assets

Average rate of increase in compensation

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

4.24

3.88

6.00

N/A

3.43

3.68

N/A

N/A

2.55

2.06

5.23

3.03

3.55

3.13

6.00

N/A

2.65

2.86

N/A

N/A

2.71

1.98

5.73

2.98

The Company's approach to establishing the discount rate is based upon the market yields of high-
quality corporate bonds, with appropriate consideration of each plan's defined benefit payment terms and 
duration of the liabilities. In determining the discount rate, the Company utilizes a full-yield approach in the 
estimation of service and interest components by applying the specific spot rates along the yield curve 
used in the determination of the benefit obligation to the relevant projected cash flows. 

The Company determines its expected return on plan asset assumptions by evaluating estimates of 
future market returns and the plans' asset allocation. The Company also considers the impact of active 
management of the plans' invested assets. 

The estimated future benefit payments for the pension and other postretirement employee benefits are 

as follows:

(in millions)

Year

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025-2029

Pension benefits

U.S.

Non-U.S.

Other
postretirement
employee
benefits

$

20 $

20 $

15

14

14

14

62

23

23

24

24

137

10

9

9

8

7

25

The weighted-average rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits is 

projected to be 6.25% in 2019 for pre-65 and post-65 participants, decreasing to 5% by the year 2025. A 
one-percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend would have the following effects:

94

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

(in millions)

Effect on other postretirement employee benefit obligation

Effect on total service and interest cost components

NOTE 13  STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

One Percentage Point

Increase

Decrease

$

$

5 $

— $

(5)

—

The Company has granted restricted common stock and restricted stock units (collectively, "restricted 

stock") and performance share units as long-term incentive awards to employees and non-employee 
directors under the BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended ("2014 Plan") and the 
BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan ("2018 Plan"). The Company's Board of Directors adopted 
the 2018 Plan as a replacement to the 2014 Plan in February 2018, and the Company's stockholders 
approved the 2018 Plan at the annual meeting of stockholders on April 25, 2018. After stockholders 
approved the 2018 Plan, the Company could no longer make grants under the 2014 Plan. The shares 
that were available for issuance under the 2014 Plan were cancelled upon approval of the 2018 Plan. 
The 2018 Plan authorizes the issuance of a total of 7 million shares, of which approximately 6 million 
shares were available for future issuance as of December 31, 2019.

Stock Options A summary of the plans’ shares under option at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 

is as follows:

Outstanding at January 1, 2017

Exercised

Outstanding at December 31, 2017

Exercised

Outstanding at December 31, 2018

Exercised

Outstanding at December 31, 2019

Options exercisable at December 31, 2019

Shares
(thousands)

Weighted
average
exercise price

Weighted average 
remaining 
contractual life 
(in years)

Aggregate intrinsic 
value 
(in millions)

473 $
(473) $
— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

— $

17.47

17.47

—

—

—

—

—

—

0.1 $

  $

0.0 $

  $

0.0 $

$

0.0 $

0.0 $

10.4

10.4

—

—

—

—

—

—

Proceeds from stock option exercises for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were 

as follows:

(in millions)

Proceeds from stock options exercised — gross

Tax benefit

Proceeds from stock options exercised, net of tax

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

— $

—

— $

— $

—

— $

8

8

16

Restricted Stock The value of restricted stock is determined by the market value of the Company’s 

common stock at the date of grant. In 2019, restricted stock in the amount of 1,058,180 shares and 
23,880 shares was granted to employees and non-employee directors, respectively. The value of the 
awards is recognized as compensation expense ratably over the restriction periods. As of December 31, 
2019, there was $37 million of unrecognized compensation expense that will be recognized over a 
weighted average period of approximately 1.8 years.  

95

  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Restricted stock compensation expense recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations is as 

follows: 

(in millions, except per share data)

Restricted stock compensation expense

Restricted stock compensation expense, net of tax

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

$

30 $

23 $

26 $

20 $

27

20

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested restricted stock for employees and non-

employee directors at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

Nonvested at January 1, 2017

Granted

Vested

    Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2017

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2018

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2019

Shares subject
to restriction
(thousands)

Weighted
average grant
date fair value

1,429 $

804 $

(521) $

(119) $

1,593 $

737 $

(556) $

(258) $

1,516 $

1,082 $

(724) $

(210) $

1,664 $

44.12

40.10

56.53

38.97

38.86

51.70

42.25

44.51

42.97

41.66

36.81

44.82

44.26

Total Shareholder Return Performance Share Units The 2014 and 2018 Plans provide for 

awarding of performance shares to members of senior management at the end of successive three-year 
periods based on the Company's performance in terms of total shareholder return relative to a peer 
group of automotive companies. Based on the Company’s relative ranking within the performance peer 
group, it is possible for none of the awards to vest or for a range up to 200% of the target shares to vest.

The Company recognizes compensation expense relating to its performance share plans ratably over 

the performance period regardless of whether the market conditions are expected to be achieved.  
Compensation expense associated with the performance share plans is calculated using a lattice model 
(Monte Carlo simulation). The amounts expensed under the plan and the common stock issuances for 
the three-year measurement periods ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows: 

 (in millions, except share data)
Expense

Number of shares

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

5 $

—

9 $

—

10

—

96

  
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A summary of the status of the Company's nonvested total shareholder return performance share 

units at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

Nonvested at January 1, 2017

Granted

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2017

Granted

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2018

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2019

Number of
shares
(thousands)

Weighted
average grant
date fair value

410 $

201 $

(256) $

355 $

287 $

(345) $

297 $

196 $

(160) $

(93) $

240 $

43.99

45.57

61.40

32.35

68.38

38.26

60.35

51.52

45.78

55.82

64.61

As of December 31, 2019, there was $7 million of unrecognized compensation expense that will be 

recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 1.7 years.

Relative Revenue Growth Performance Share Units The 2014 and 2018 Plans provide for 
awarding of performance shares to reward members of senior management based on the Company's 
performance in terms of revenue growth relative to the vehicle market over three-year performance 
periods. The value of this performance share award is determined by the market value of the Company’s 
common stock at the date of grant. The Company recognizes compensation expense relating to its 
performance share plans over the performance period based on the number of shares expected to vest 
at the end of each reporting period. The actual performance of the Company is evaluated quarterly, and 
the expense is adjusted according to the new projections. The amounts expensed under the plan and 
common stock issuance for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows: 

 (in millions, except share data)
Expense

Number of shares

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

7 $

18 $

16

315,000

249,000

126,000

97

  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested relative revenue growth performance shares at 

December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is as follows: 

Nonvested at January 1, 2017

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2017

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2018

Granted

Vested
Forfeited

Nonvested at December 31, 2019

Number of
shares
(thousands)

Weighted
average grant
date fair value

320 $

198 $

(156) $

(7) $

355 $

287 $

(166) $

(179) $

297 $

196 $

(160) $
(93) $

240 $

38.62

40.08

38.62

39.20

39.42

50.82

38.62

45.82

47.03

41.90

40.10
44.30

48.52

Based on the Company’s relative revenue growth in excess of the industry vehicle production, it is 

possible for none of the awards to vest or for a range up to 200% of the target shares to vest. As of 
December 31, 2019, there was $8 million of unrecognized compensation expense that will be recognized 
over a weighted average period of approximately 1.7 years. The unrecognized amount of compensation 
expense is based on projected performance as of December 31, 2019. 

In 2018, the Company modified the vesting provisions of restricted stock and performance share unit 
grants made to retiring executive officers to allow certain of the outstanding awards, that otherwise would 
have been forfeited, to vest upon retirement. This resulted in net restricted stock and performance share 
unit compensation expense of $2 million and $8 million for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018, respectively.

98

  
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 14  ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following table summarizes the activity within accumulated other comprehensive loss during the 

years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017:

(in millions)

Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments

Hedge
instruments

Defined benefit
postretirement
plans

Other

Total

Beginning Balance, January 1, 2017

$

(530) $

5

$

(198) $

Comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications

Income taxes associated with comprehensive
(loss) income before reclassifications

Reclassification from accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income

Income taxes reclassified into net earnings

236

—

—

—

(4)

1

(4)

1

(5)

(1)

9

(3)

Ending Balance December 31, 2017

$

(294) $

(1) $

(198) $

Adoption of accounting standard

Comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications

Income taxes associated with comprehensive
(loss) income before reclassifications

Reclassification from accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income

Income taxes reclassified into net earnings

—

(153)

5

—

—

—

(2)

—

4

(1)

(14)

(42)

14

8

(2)

Ending Balance December 31, 2018

$

(442) $

— $

(234) $

Comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications

Income taxes associated with comprehensive
(loss) income before reclassifications

Reclassification from accumulated other
comprehensive (loss) income

Income taxes reclassified into net earnings

(51)

(4)

—

—

(1)

—

1

—

(29)

4

37

(8)

1

2

—

—

—

3

—

(1)

—

—

—

2

(2)

—

—

—

$

(722)

$

$

229

—

5

(2)

(490)

(14)

(198)

19

12

(3)

(674)

(83)

—

38

(8)

Ending Balance December 31, 2019

$

(497) $

— $

(230) $

— $

(727)

 NOTE 15  CONTINGENCIES 

The Company's environmental and product liability contingencies are discussed separately below. In 
the normal course of business, the Company is also party to various other commercial and legal claims, 
actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, general 
liability and various other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will 
ultimately be successful in any of these other commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact 
might be. The Company's management does not expect that an adverse outcome in any of these other 
commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints will have a material adverse effect on the 
Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows, although it could be material to the 
results of operations in a particular quarter. 

Environmental 

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, 
subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency 
and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) 
at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 
Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws. The PRPs may currently be 
liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 14 and 28 such sites as of December 31, 
2019 and 2018, respectively. Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site 
is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula. 

99

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a 
material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is 
because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will 
be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of 
any such matter. 

The Company has an accrual for environmental liabilities of $3 million and $9 million as of December 

31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. This accrual is based on information available to the 
Company (which in most cases includes: an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability 
that other PRPs, many of whom are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to 
them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies 
concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; and remediation 
alternatives). The decrease in both the number of sites and accrual was primarily the result of 
divestitures completed during 2019 including Morse TEC and non-core pipes and thermostat product 
lines. Refer to Note 19, "Recent Transactions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
information.

Asbestos-related Liability 

Like many other industrial companies that have historically operated in the United States, the 
Company, or parties that the Company is obligated to indemnify, has been named as one of many 
defendants in asbestos-related personal injury actions. Morse TEC, a former wholly-owned subsidiary of 
the Company, was the obligor for the Company's recorded asbestos-related liabilities and the 
policyholder of the related insurance assets. On October 30, 2019, the Company transferred 100% of its 
equity interests to Enstar. As a result of the transaction, the Company removed Morse TEC's asbestos-
related liabilities, related insurance assets and associated deferred tax assets from the Consolidated 
Balance Sheet. Refer to Note 19 "Recent Transactions," to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 
more information.

The Company’s asbestos-related claims activity during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 

2018 is as follows:

Beginning claims January 1

New claims received

Dismissed claims

Settled claims

Derecognized claims

Ending claims December 31

2019

2018

8,598

1,667

(967)

(237)

(9,061)

—

9,225

1,932

(2,189)

(370)

—

8,598

During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company paid $38 million and $46 
million, respectively, in asbestos-related claim resolution costs and associated defense costs. Asbestos-
related claim resolution costs and associated defense costs are reflected in the Company's operating 
cash flows.

Prior to the derecognition of Morse TEC, the Company reviewed its own experience in handling 
asbestos-related claims and trends affecting asbestos-related claims in the U.S. tort system generally for 
the purposes of assessing the value of pending asbestos-related claims and the number and value of 
those that may be asserted in the future, as well as potential recoveries from the Company’s insurance 
carriers with respect to such claims and defense costs. 

100

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

As part of its review and assessment of asbestos-related claims, the Company utilized a third-party 

actuary to further assist in the analysis of potential future asbestos-related claim resolution costs and 
associated defense costs. The actuary’s work utilized data and analysis resulting from the Company’s 
claim review process, including input from national coordinating counsel and local counsel, and included 
the development of an estimate of the potential value of asbestos-related claims asserted but not yet 
resolved as well as the number and potential value of asbestos-related claims not yet asserted. In 
developing the estimate of liability for potential future claims, the actuary projected a potential number of 
future claims based on the Company’s historical claim filings and patterns and compared that to 
anticipated levels of unique plaintiff asbestos-related claims asserted in the U.S. tort system against all 
defendants. The actuary also utilized assumptions based on the Company’s historical proportion of 
claims resolved without payment, historical claim resolution costs for those claims that result in a 
payment, and historical defense costs. The liabilities were estimated by multiplying the pending and 
projected future claim filings by projected payments rates and average claim resolution amounts and 
then adding an estimate for defense costs.

The Company determined based on the factors described above, including the analysis and input of 
the actuary, its best estimate of the aggregate liability both for asbestos-related claims asserted but not 
yet resolved and potential asbestos-related claims not yet asserted, including estimated defense costs. 
This liability reflected the actuarial central estimate, which was intended to represent an expected value 
of the most probable outcome. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company estimates that its 
aggregate liability for such claims, including defense costs, is as follows:

(in millions)

Beginning asbestos liability as of January 1

Actuarial revaluation

Claim resolution costs and defense related costs

Derecognized liability

Ending asbestos liability as of December 31

2019

2018

$

$

$

805

—

(37)

(768)

— $

828

23

(46)

—

805

The Company's estimate of asbestos-related claim resolution costs and associated defense costs 
was not discounted to present value and included an estimate of liability for potential future claims not yet 
asserted through December 31, 2064 with a runoff through 2074. The Company believed that December 
31, 2074 was a reasonable assumption as to the last date on which it was likely to have resolved all 
asbestos-related claims, based on the nature and useful life of the Company’s products and the 
likelihood of incidence of asbestos-related disease in the U.S. population generally.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded an increase to its asbestos-
related liabilities of $23 million as a result of actuarial valuation changes. This increase was the result of 
higher future defense costs resulting from recent trends in the ratio of defense costs to claim resolution 
costs. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company, with the assistance of counsel and its 
third party actuary, reviewed the Company's claims experience against external data sources and 
concluded no actuarial valuation adjustment to the liability in 2017 was necessary. 

The Company’s estimate of the claim resolution costs and associated defense costs for asbestos-
related claims asserted but not yet resolved and potential claims not yet asserted was its reasonable best 
estimate of such costs. Such estimate was subject to numerous uncertainties.  The balances recorded 
for asbestos-related claims were based on the best available information and assumptions that the 
Company believed to be reasonable, but those assumptions may change over time. The Company 
concluded that it was reasonably possible that it may incur additional losses through 2074 for asbestos-
related claims, in addition to amounts recorded, of up to approximately $100 million as of December 31, 
2018. 

101

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The Company had certain insurance coverage applicable to asbestos-related claims. The rights to 
this insurance were transferred with Morse TEC upon the sale of its membership interests. Prior to the 
derecognition, the coverage was the subject of litigation that remained pending at the time of the 
derecognition.

As of December 31, 2018, the Company estimated that it had $386 million in aggregate insurance 

coverage available with respect to asbestos-related claims, and their associated defense costs. The 
Company had recorded this insurance coverage as a long-term receivable for asbestos-related claim 
resolution costs and associated defense costs that have been incurred, less cash and notes received, 
and remaining limits as a deferred insurance asset with respect to liabilities recorded for potential future 
costs for asbestos-related claims. The Company had determined the amount of that estimate by taking 
into account the remaining limits of the insurance coverage, the number and amounts of potential claims 
from co-insured parties, potential remaining recoveries from insolvent insurance carriers, the impact of 
previous insurance settlements, and coverage available from solvent insurance carriers not party to the 
coverage litigation. The Company’s estimated remaining insurance coverage relating to asbestos-related 
claims and their associated defense costs was the subject of disputes with its insurance carriers. The 
Company believed that its insurance receivable was probable of collection when recorded 
notwithstanding those disputes based on, among other things, the arguments made by the insurance 
carriers in litigation proceedings and evaluation of those arguments by the Company and its counsel, the 
case law applicable to the issues in dispute, the rulings to date by the court, the absence of any credible 
evidence alleged by the insurance carriers that they were not liable to indemnify the Company, and the 
fact that the Company had recovered a substantial portion of its insurance coverage, $271 million 
through December 31, 2018, from its insurance carriers under similar policies. However, the resolution of 
the insurance coverage disputes, and the number and amounts of claims on our insurance from co-
insured parties, could have increased or decreased the amount of such insurance coverage available to 
the Company as compared to the Company’s estimate.

The amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets respecting asbestos-related claims are 

as follows:

(in millions)

Assets:

Other long-term asbestos-related insurance receivables

Deferred asbestos-related insurance asset

Total insurance assets

Liabilities:

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other non-current liabilities

Total accrued liabilities

December 31,

2019

2018

$

$

$

$

— $

—

— $

— $

—

— $

303

83

386

50

755

805

On July 31, 2018, the Division of Enforcement of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") 

informed the Company that it is conducting an investigation related to the Company's historical 
accounting for asbestos-related claims not yet asserted. The Company is fully cooperating with the SEC 
in connection with its investigation. 

NOTE 16   RESTRUCTURING

The Company has initiated several actions to reduce existing structural costs. The Company 
recorded $5 million in the Engine segment and $6 million in the Drivetrain segment in the year ended 
December 31, 2019 related to these actions. Additionally, the Company initiated a voluntary termination

102

  
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

program in the Engine segment where approximately 350 employees accepted termination packages 
and recorded restructuring expense of $37 million in the year ended December 31, 2019.

In 2017, the Company initiated actions within its Engine segment designed to improve future 

profitability and competitiveness and started exploring strategic options for the non-core product lines. As 
a continuation of these actions, the Company recorded restructuring expense of $18 million and $54 
million in the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, primarily related to professional 
fees, employee termination benefits and relocation costs. The largest portion of this was a voluntary 
termination program in the European emissions business where approximately 140 employees accepted 
the termination packages.  As a result, the Company recorded approximately $28 million of employee 
severance expense during the year ended December 31, 2018. In addition, the Company recorded $6 
million in employee termination benefits in other locations in the Engine segment in the year ended 
December 31, 2018.  The Company recorded restructuring expense of $48 million within its emissions 
business in the year ended December 31, 2017, primarily related to professional fees and negotiated 
commercial costs associated with business divestiture and manufacturing footprint rationalization 
activities. 

The Company also recorded restructuring expense of $6 million in the year ended December

31, 2019, related to Corporate restructuring activities.

Additionally, the Company recorded restructuring expense of $10 million in the year ended December 

31, 2018 in the Drivetrain segment primarily related to manufacturing footprint rationalization activities.

On September 27, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests of Sevcon Inc 

("Sevcon"). In connection with this transaction, the Company recorded restructuring expense of $7 million 
during the year ended December 31, 2017, primarily related to contractually required severance 
associated with Sevcon executive officers and other employee termination benefits. 

Estimates of restructuring expense are based on information available at the time such charges are 
recorded. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in estimating restructuring expenses, actual amounts 
paid for such activities may differ from amounts initially recorded. Accordingly, the Company may record 
revisions of previous estimates by adjusting previously established accruals.

The Company is evaluating numerous options across its operations and plans to take additional 

restructuring actions to reduce existing structural costs over the next few years. These actions are 
expected to result in significant restructuring expense.

The following table displays a rollforward of the severance accruals recorded within the Company's 

Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related cash flow activity for the years ended December 31, 2019 
and 2018:

(in millions)

Balance at January 1, 2018

Provision

Cash payments

Balance at December 31, 2018

Provision

Cash payments

Balance at December 31, 2019

Severance Accruals

Drivetrain

Engine

Total

4 $
7

(7)
4

1

(1)
4 $

1 $

35

(15)

21

43

(34)

30 $

5

42

(22)

25

44

(35)

34

$

$

103

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 17  LEASES AND COMMITMENTS

The Company's lease agreements primarily consist of real estate property, such as manufacturing 

facilities, warehouses, and office buildings, in addition to personal property, such as vehicles, 
manufacturing and information technology equipment. A significant portion of leases are classified as 
operating leases, and as of December 31, 2019, finance leases were immaterial. 

Generally, the Company’s operating leases have renewal options that extend lease terms an 
additional 1 to 5 years, and some include options to terminate the agreement or purchase the leased 
asset. The amortizable life of these assets is the lesser of its useful life or the lease term, including 
renewal periods reasonably assured of being exercised at lease inception. The Company’s lease 
arrangements with renewal periods reasonably assured of being exercised at lease inception are 
immaterial.  

For the year ended December 31, 2019, leased assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations 

were $4 million.

All leases with an initial term of 12 months or less without an option to extend or purchase the 
underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise ("short-term leases") are not 
recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis 
over the lease term.

The following table presents the operating lease assets and lease liabilities:

(in millions)

Assets

Operating leases

Total operating leases

Liabilities

Operating leases

Operating leases

Total operating lease liabilities

Location

Other non-current assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other non-current liabilities

December 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

85

85

18

67

85

The following table presents the maturity of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2019:

(in millions)

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

After 2024

Total (undiscounted) lease payments

Less: Imputed interest

Present value of lease liabilities

Operating leases

20

15

13

9

7

33

97

12

85

$

$

$

In the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded operating lease costs of $24 million 

and short-term lease costs of $18 million, primarily in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statement of 

104

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Operations. Under the previous lease accounting standard, total rent expense was $42 million and $40 
million in the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The operating cash flows for 
operating leases were $24 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.

ASC Topic 842 requires that the rate implicit in the lease be used if readily determinable. Generally, 
implicit rates are not readily determinable in the Company's agreements and the incremental borrowing 
rate is used for each lease arrangement. The incremental borrowing rates are determined using rates 
specific to the term of the lease, economic environments where lease activity is concentrated, value of 
lease portfolio, and assuming full collateralization of the loans. The following table presents the terms 
and discount rates:

Operating leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)

Weighted-average discount rate

NOTE 18  EARNINGS PER SHARE

As of December 31, 2019
8

2.8%

The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock (“EPS”) amounts.  
Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average 
shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing 
net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average shares of common stock and 
common equivalent stock outstanding during the reporting period. 

The dilutive impact of stock-based compensation is calculated using the treasury stock method. The 

treasury stock method assumes that the Company uses the assumed proceeds from the exercise of 
awards to repurchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The assumed 
proceeds under the treasury stock method include the purchase price that the grantee will pay in the 
future, and compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized.  Options are 
only dilutive when the average market price of the underlying common stock exceeds the exercise price 
of the options. The dilutive effects of performance-based stock awards described in Note 13, "Stock-
Based Compensation," to the Consolidated Financial Statements are included in the computation of 
diluted earnings per share at the level the related performance criteria are met through the respective 
balance sheet date. 

105

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted 

earnings per share of common stock:

(in millions except share and per share amounts)
Basic earnings per share:

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc.
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
Basic earnings per share of common stock

Diluted earnings per share:

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc.

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

746 $

931 $

205.7

208.2

3.63 $

4.47 $

440
210.4
2.09

746 $

931 $

440

$

$

$

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding

Effect of stock-based compensation

Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding including
dilutive shares
Diluted earnings per share of common stock

205.7
1.1

206.8

208.2
1.3

209.5

$

3.61 $

4.44 $

210.4
1.1

211.5
2.08

Antidilutive stock-based awards excluded from the calculation of diluted
earnings per share

0.1

0.1

—

NOTE 19  RECENT TRANSACTIONS

BorgWarner Morse TEC LLC

On October 30, 2019, the Company entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the 

"Purchase Agreement") with Enstar. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company transferred 
100% of the equity interests of Morse TEC to Enstar. In connection with this transfer, the Company 
contributed approximately $172 million in cash to Morse TEC. As Morse TEC was the obligor for the 
Company's asbestos-related liabilities and policyholder of the related insurance assets, the rights and 
obligations related to these items transferred upon the sale, and pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, 
Morse TEC indemnifies the Company and its affiliates for asbestos-related liabilities as more specifically 
described in the Purchase Agreement. This indemnification obligation with respect to Asbestos-Related 
Liabilities (as such terms are defined in the Purchase Agreement) are not subject to any cap or time 
limitation.  Following the completion of this transfer, the Company has no obligation with respect to 
previously recorded asbestos-related liabilities. In accordance with ASC Topic 810 this subsidiary was 
derecognized as the Company ceased to control the entity, and the Company removed the associated 
assets and liabilities from the Consolidated Balance Sheet, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $177 million. In 
addition, the Company recorded tax expense as a result of the reversal of the previously recorded 
deferred tax assets related to the asbestos liabilities of $173 million, resulting in an after-tax gain of $4 
million.

106

  
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following is a summary of the impacts to the Consolidated Balance Sheet:

(in millions)

Cash and cash equivalents

Receivables, net

Investments and other long-term receivables

Other non-current assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Asbestos-related and environmental liabilities

Gain on derecognition of subsidiary, net

Romeo Systems, Inc.

$

$

(172)

(9)

(371)

(223)

7

772

4

In May 2019, the Company invested $50 million in exchange for a 20% equity interest in Romeo 

Systems, Inc. ("Romeo"), a technology-leading battery module and pack supplier. The Company 
accounts for this investment in Series A-1 Preferred Stock of Romeo under the measurement alternative 
in ASC Topic 321, "Investments - Equity Securities" for equity investments without a readily determinable 
fair value. Such investments are measured at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus changes resulting 
from observable price changes in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same 
issuer. In September 2019, the Company and Romeo contributed total equity of $10 million and formed a 
new joint venture, BorgWarner Romeo Power LLC (the "Romeo JV"), in which the Company owns
60% interest. The Romeo JV is a variable interest entity focusing on producing battery module and pack
technology. The Company is the primary beneficiary of the Romeo JV and consolidates the Romeo JV in
its consolidated financial statements.

Rinehart Motion Systems LLC and AM Racing LLC

On January 2, 2019, the Company acquired Rinehart Motion Systems LLC and AM Racing LLC, two

established companies in the specialty electric and hybrid propulsion market, for approximately $15 
million, of which $10 million was paid in the first quarter of 2019, and the remaining $5 million will be paid 
upon satisfaction of certain conditions.

The Company created Cascadia Motion LLC ("Cascadia Motion") to combine assets and operations 
of these two acquired companies. Based in Oregon, Cascadia Motion specializes in design, development 
and production of hybrid and electric propulsion solutions for prototype and low-volume production 
applications. It allows the Company to offer design, development and production of full electric and hybrid 
propulsion systems for niche and low-volume manufacturing applications.

In connection with the acquisition, the Company recognized intangible assets of $5 million, goodwill 
of $7 million within the Drivetrain reporting segment, and other assets and liabilities of $2 million to reflect 
the preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The intangible assets will be 
amortized over a period of 2 to 15 years. Various valuation techniques were used to determine the fair 
value of the intangible assets, with the primary techniques being forms of the income approach, which 
use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. Under these 
valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions about sales, 
operating margins, growth rates, royalty rates and discount rates based on budgets, business plans, 
economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. Due to the nature of the 
transaction, goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

107

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Sevcon, Inc.

On September 27, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the equity interests in Sevcon for cash of 

$186 million.  This amount includes $27 million paid to settle outstanding debt and $5 million paid for 
Sevcon stock-based awards attributable to pre-combination services.

Sevcon is a global provider of electrification technologies, serving customers in the U.S., U.K., 
France, Germany, Italy, China and the Asia-Pacific region. Sevcon products complement BorgWarner’s 
power electronics capabilities utilized to provide electrified propulsion solutions. Sevcon's operating 
results and assets are reported within the Company's Drivetrain reporting segment.

The following table summarizes the aggregated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities 

assumed on September 27, 2017, the date of acquisition: 

(in millions)

Receivables, net

Inventories, net
Other current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Income taxes payable

Other assets and liabilities

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Total consideration, net of cash acquired

Less: Assumed retirement-related liabilities

Cash paid, net of cash acquired

$

$

16

17
3

7

128

71

(9)

(1)

(3)

(25)

204

18

186

In connection with the acquisition, the Company capitalized $18 million for customer relationships, 
$49 million for developed technology and $4 million for the Sevcon trade name. These intangible assets, 
excluding the indefinite-lived trade name, will be amortized over a period of 7 to 20 years. Various 
valuation techniques were used to determine the fair value of the intangible assets, with the primary 
techniques being forms of the income approach, specifically, the relief-from-royalty and excess earnings 
valuation methods, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair 
value hierarchy. Under these valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates and 
assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates, royalty rates and discount rates based on 
budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. Due 
to the nature of the transaction, goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.  

In the third quarter of 2018, the Company finalized all purchase accounting adjustments related to the 

acquisition and recorded fair value adjustments based on new information obtained during the 
measurement period primarily related to intangible assets. These adjustments have resulted in a 
decrease in goodwill of $6 million from the Company's initial estimate. 

Due to its insignificant size relative to the Company, supplemental pro forma financial information of 

the combined entity for the current and prior reporting period is not provided.

108

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 20  ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE

In 2017, the Company started exploring strategic options for non-core emission product lines. In the 

fourth quarter of 2017, the Company launched an active program to locate a buyer for these non-core 
pipes and thermostat product lines and initiated all other actions required to complete the plan to sell 
these non-core product lines. The Company determined that the assets and liabilities of the pipes and 
thermostat product lines met the held for sale criteria as of December 31, 2017. As a result, the Company 
recorded an asset impairment expense of $71 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 to adjust the net book 
value of this business to its fair value less cost to sell. In December 2018, the Company reached an 
agreement to sell its thermostat product lines for approximately $28 million. As a result, the Company 
recorded an additional asset impairment expense of $25 million in the year ended December 31, 2018 to 
adjust the net book value of this business to fair value less costs to sell. All closing conditions were 
satisfied, and the sale was closed on April 1, 2019. Based on the agreement reached in the fourth quarter 
of 2019 regarding the finalization of the purchase price adjustments related to the sale of the thermostat 
product lines, the Company determined that $7 million of additional loss on sale was required during the 
year ended December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the assets and liabilities 
were removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The business did not meet the criteria to be 
classified as a discontinued operation. 

The assets and liabilities classified as held for sale at December 31, 2018 were as follows:

(in millions)

Receivables, net

Inventories, net

Prepayments and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Other assets

Impairment of carrying value

    Total assets held for sale

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other liabilities

    Total liabilities held for sale

December 31,

2018

15

42

12

45

7

20

—

(94)

47

18

5

23

$

$

$

$

NOTE 21  REPORTING SEGMENTS AND RELATED INFORMATION

The Company's business is comprised of two reporting segments: Engine and Drivetrain. These 
segments are strategic business groups, which are managed separately as each represents a specific 
grouping of related automotive components and systems. 

The Company allocates resources to each segment based upon the projected after-tax return on 
invested capital ("ROIC") of its business initiatives. ROIC is comprised of Adjusted EBIT after deducting 
notional taxes compared to the projected average capital investment required. Adjusted EBIT is 
comprised of earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interest (“EBIT") adjusted for 
restructuring, goodwill impairment charges, affiliates' earnings and other items not reflective of on-going 
operating income or loss.

109

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Adjusted EBIT is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. The Company 

believes Adjusted EBIT is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our reporting segments. 
The following tables show segment information and Adjusted EBIT for the Company's reporting 
segments:

2019 Segment information

(in millions)

Engine

Drivetrain

Inter-segment eliminations

Total

Corporate (b)

Consolidated

2018 Segment information

(in millions)

Engine

Drivetrain

Inter-segment eliminations

Total

Corporate (b)

Consolidated

2017 Segment information

(in millions)

Engine

Drivetrain

Inter-segment eliminations

Total

Corporate (b)

Consolidated

$

227

183

—

410

29

$

226

175

—

401

30

219

254

—

473

8

481

278

254

—

532

14

546

Net sales

Customers

Inter-segment

Net

Year-end assets

$

6,153

$

4,015

—

10,168

—

61

—

(61)

—

—

$

6,214

$

4,536

$

4,015

(61)

10,168

—

4,075

—

8,611

1,091

$

10,168

$

— $

10,168

$

9,702

$

439

$

Depreciation/
amortization

Long-lived asset 
expenditures (a)

Net sales

Customers

Inter-segment

Net

Year-end assets

$

6,390

$

4,140

—

10,530

—

57

—

(57)

—

—

$

6,447

$

4,731

$

4,140

(57)

10,530

—

3,920

—

8,651

1,444

$

10,530

$

— $

10,530

$

10,095

$

431

$

Depreciation/
amortization

Long-lived asset 
expenditures (a)

Net sales

Customers

Inter-segment

Net

Year-end assets 

Depreciation/
amortization

Long-lived asset 
expenditures (a)

$

6,009

$

3,790

—

9,799

—

53

—

(53)

—

—

$

6,062

$

4,733

$

3,790

(53)

9,799

—

3,904

—

8,637

1,151

$

219

161

—

380

28

$

9,799

$

— $

9,799

$

9,788

$

408

$

305

242

—

547

13

560

_______________
(a)  Long-lived asset expenditures include capital expenditures and tooling outlays.
(b)  Corporate assets include investments and other long-term receivables and deferred income taxes.  

110

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interest ("Adjusted EBIT")

(in millions)

Engine

Drivetrain

Adjusted EBIT

Gain on derecognition of subsidiary

Restructuring expense

Unfavorable arbitration loss

Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense

Asset impairment and loss on divestiture

Officer stock awards modification

Asbestos-related adjustments

Gain on sale of building

Lease termination settlement

Other (income) expense

Corporate, including stock-based compensation

Equity in affiliates' earnings, net of tax

Interest income

Interest expense

Other postretirement expense (income)

Year Ended December 31,

2019

2018

2017

$

995

443

1,438

(177)

72

14

11

7

2

—

—

—

—

206

(32)

(12)

55

27

$

1,040

$

475

1,515

992

448

1,440

—

67

—

6

25

8

23

(19)

—

(4)

219

(49)

(6)

59

(10)

—

58

—

10

71

—

—

—

5

2

222

(51)

(6)

71

(5)

Earnings before income taxes and noncontrolling interest

1,265

1,196

1,063

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax

468

797

51

211

985

54

Net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. 

$

746

$

931

$

580

483

43

440

111

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Geographic Information

During the year ended December 31, 2019, approximately 77% of the Company's consolidated net 
sales were outside the United States ("U.S."), attributing sales to the location of production rather than 
the location of the customer. Outside the U.S., only Germany, China, South Korea, Mexico, Poland and 
Hungary exceeded 5% of consolidated net sales during the year ended December 31, 2019. Also, the 
Company's equity investments are excluded from the definition of long-lived assets, as are goodwill and 
certain other non-current assets. 

(in millions)
United States
Europe:

Germany
Poland
Hungary
Other Europe

Total Europe
China
Mexico
South Korea
Other foreign
Total

2019

Net sales

2018

2017

2019

2018

2017

Long-lived assets

$

2,335 $

2,394 $

2,280 $

752 $

729 $

719

1,507
627
589
1,087
3,810
1,711
1,040
786
486
10,168 $

1,665
519
687
1,151
4,022
1,801
978
859
476
10,530 $

$

1,653
522
656
904
3,735
1,560
920
877
427
9,799 $

328
180
164
285
957
605
247
221
152
2,934 $

371
171
153
282
977
589
223
235
151
2,904 $

413
152
148
274
987
555
201
244
158
2,864

Sales to Major Customers

Consolidated net sales to Ford (including its subsidiaries) were approximately 15%, 14%, and 15% 
for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and to Volkswagen (including its 
subsidiaries) were approximately 11%, 12% and 13% for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017, respectively. Both of the Company's reporting segments had significant sales to Ford and 
Volkswagen in 2019, 2018 and 2017. Such sales consisted of a variety of products to a variety of 
customer locations and regions. No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated 
net sales in any of the years presented.

Sales by Product Line

Sales of turbochargers for light vehicles represented approximately 28%, 27% and 28% of total net 

sales for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company currently 
supplies light vehicle turbochargers to many OEMs including BMW, Daimler, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, 
Ford, General Motors, Great Wall, Hyundai, Renault, Volkswagen and Volvo. No other single product line 
accounted for more than 10% of consolidated net sales in any of the years presented.

112

  
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

NOTE 22 INTERIM FINANCIAL INFORMATION (Unaudited)

The following table presents summary quarterly financial data:

(in millions, except per share amounts)

2019

2018

Quarter ended 

Net sales

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Selling, general and administrative
expenses

Other expense (income), net

Operating income 

Equity in affiliates’ earnings, net of
tax

Interest income

Interest expense

Other postretirement expense 
(income)

Earnings before income taxes and 
noncontrolling interest

Provision for income taxes

Net earnings

Net earnings attributable to the
noncontrolling interest, net of tax

Net earnings attributable to 
BorgWarner Inc. (a)

Earnings per share — basic

Earnings per share — diluted

$

$

$

Mar-31

Jun-30

Sep-30

Dec-31

Year

Mar-31

Jun-30

Sep-30

Dec-31

Year

$ 2,566

$ 2,551

$ 2,492

$ 2,559

$ 10,168

$ 2,784

$ 2,694

$ 2,478

$ 2,574

$ 10,530

2,047

519

226

29

264

(9)

(3)

14

—

262

91

171

11

160

0.77

0.77

2,038

513

212

16

285

(9)

(2)

14

27

255

73

182

10

172

0.84

0.83

$

$

$

1,968

524

230

18

276

(7)

(4)

15

(1)

273

66

207

13

194

0.94

0.94

$

$

$

2,014

545

205

(138)

478

(7)

(3)

12

1

475

238

237

17

220

1.07

1.06

$

$

$

$

$

$

8,067

2,101

873

(75)

1,303

(32)

(12)

55

27

1,265

468

797

51

746

3.63

3.61

$

$

$

2,193

591

2,114

580

1,963

515

2,030

544

253

5

333

(10)

(2)

16

(3)

332

95

237

12

225

1.07

1.07

$

$

$

237

30

313

(13)

(1)

15

(2)

314

30

284

12

272

1.30

1.30

$

$

$

230

7

278

(15)

(1)

14

(3)

283

67

216

12

204

0.98

0.98

$

$

$

226

52

266

(11)

(2)

14

(2)

267

19

248

18

230

1.11

1.10

$

$

$

8,300

2,230

946

94

1,190

(49)

(6)

59

(10)

1,196

211

985

54

931

4.47

4.44

_______________
(a)   The Company's results were impacted by the following:

•  Quarter ended December 31, 2019: The Company recorded a pre-tax gain on the derecognition of Morse TEC of 
$177 million. In addition, the Company recorded tax expense as a result of the reversal of the previously recorded 
deferred tax assets related to the asbestos liabilities of $173 million, resulting in an after-tax gain of $4 million. The 
Company recorded restructuring expense of $31 million primarily related to actions to reduce structural costs. The 
Company recorded $7 million of additional loss on sale related to the finalization of the purchase price adjustments 
related to the sale of the non-core pipes and thermostat product lines. The Company recorded reductions of 
income tax expense of $11 million related to a global realignment plan and $8 million related to restructuring 
expense, partially offset by an increase in income tax of $5 million related to other one-time adjustments.
•  Quarter ended September 30, 2019: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $14 million primarily 

related to Drivetrain and Engine segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness.  The 
Company recorded expenses, primarily professional fees, related to the Company's review of strategic acquisition 
and divestiture targets, including the 20% equity interest in Romeo, and the divestiture activities for the non-core 
pipes and thermostat product lines of $4 million. The Company recorded reductions of income tax expense of $4 
million related to restructuring expense and $9 million related to other one-time adjustments. 

•  Quarter ended June 30, 2019: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $13 million primarily related to 

Drivetrain and Engine segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness.  The Company 
recorded expenses, primarily professional fees, related to the Company's review of strategic acquisition and 
divestiture targets, including the 20% equity interest in Romeo, and the divestiture activities for the non-core pipes 
and thermostat product lines of $5 million. The Company recorded reductions of income tax expense of $4 
million related to restructuring expense, $6 million related to pension settlement loss, partially offset by an increase 
in income tax of $1 million related to other one-time adjustments. 

113

  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

•  Quarter ended March 31, 2019: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $14 million primarily related to 

Drivetrain and Engine segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness.  The Company 
recorded expenses, primarily professional fees, associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and 
thermostat product lines of $1 million. The Company recorded $14 million of expense related to the receipt of a 
final unfavorable arbitration decision associated with the resolution of a matter related to a previous acquisition. 
The Company recorded reductions of income tax expense of $3 million related to restructuring expense and $5 
million related to other one-time adjustments. The Company recorded an increase in income tax expense of $22 
million due to the U.S. Department of the Treasury's issuance of the final regulations in the first quarter of 2019 
related to the calculation of the one-time transition tax.

•  Quarter ended December 31, 2018: The Company recorded an asset impairment expense of $26 million to adjust 
the net book value of the pipes and thermostat product lines to fair value. The Company recorded asbestos-related 
adjustments resulting in a net increase to Other Expense of $23 million. The Company recorded restructuring 
expense of $23 million primarily related to the Engine and Drivetrain segment actions designed to improve future 
profitability and competitiveness. The Company recorded a gain of $19 million related to the sale of a building at a 
manufacturing facility located in Europe. The Company also recorded merger and acquisition expense of $1 million 
primarily related to professional fees associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and thermostat 
product line. The Company recorded reductions of income tax expense of $6 million related to restructuring 
expense, $6 million related to asbestos-related adjustments, $8 million related to asset impairment expense, $9 
million related to valuation allowance releases, $3 million related to tax reserve adjustments, and $19 million 
related to changes in accounting methods and tax filing positions for prior years primarily related to the Tax Act. 
Additionally, the Company recorded income tax expense of $6 million related to a gain on the sale of a building, 
and $7 million related to adjustments to measurement period provisional estimates associated with the Tax Act.
•  Quarter ended September 30, 2018: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $6 million primarily related 

to the actions within its Engine segment designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness. The 
Company also recorded merger and acquisition expense of $2 million primarily related to professional fees 
associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and thermostat product line.  The Company recorded 
reductions of income tax expense of $1 million related to restructuring expense, $7 million related to adjustments to 
measurement period provisional estimates associated with the Tax Act, $1 million related to a decrease in our 
deferred tax liability due to the Company's ability to record a tax benefit for certain foreign tax credits available due 
to actions the Company took during the year, and $2 million related to other one-time tax adjustments, primarily 
due to changes in tax filing positions.

•  Quarter ended June 30, 2018: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $31 million primarily related to 

the initiation of actions within its emissions business in the Engine segment designed to improve future profitability 
and competitiveness. The Company also recorded merger and acquisition expense of $1 million primarily related to 
professional fees associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes and thermostat product line.  The 
Company recorded reductions of income tax expenses of $8 million associated with restructuring expense, $13 
million related to adjustments to measurement period provisional estimates associated with the Tax Act, $21 million 
related to a decrease in our deferred tax liability due to the Company's ability to record a tax benefit for certain 
foreign tax credits available due to actions the Company took in the second quarter, and $10 million related to 
other one-time tax adjustments.

•  Quarter ended March 31, 2018: The Company recorded restructuring expense of $8 million primarily related to 

Engine and Drivetrain segment actions designed to improve future profitability and competitiveness. The Company 
recorded a gain of approximately $4 million related to the settlement of a commercial contract for an entity acquired 
in the 2015 Remy acquisition. The Company also recorded merger and acquisition expense of $2 million primarily 
related to professional fees associated with divestiture activities for the non-core pipes product line. The Company 
recorded income tax expenses of $1 million, and reductions of income tax expense of $1 million which is 
associated with restructuring expense.

Note 23. Subsequent Event

On January 28, 2020, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Delphi 

Technologies PLC (“Delphi Technologies”) in an all-stock transaction valued at approximately $3.3 billion, 
based on the closing price of BorgWarner stock on January 27, 2020. The transaction, which is expected 
to close in the second half of 2020, is subject to approval by Delphi Technologies' stockholders, the 
satisfaction of customary closing conditions and receipt of regulatory approvals. 

Under the terms of the agreement, Delphi Technologies stockholders would receive a fixed exchange 

ratio of 0.4534 shares of BorgWarner common stock for each share of Delphi Technologies stock. Upon 
closing of the transaction, current BorgWarner stockholders are expected to own approximately 84% of 
the combined company, while current Delphi Technologies stockholders are expected to own 
approximately 16%.

114

  
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable.

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not 
absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control 
system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefits of controls must be 
considered relative to costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of 
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the 
Company have been detected. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, 
misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. However, our disclosure controls 
and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives.

The Company has adopted and maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed 

to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports filed or 
submitted under the Exchange Act, such as this Form 10-K, is collected, recorded, processed, 
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission. The Company's disclosure controls and procedures are also designed to ensure 
that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions 
regarding required disclosure. As required under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15, the Company's 
management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an 
evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered 
by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer 
concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal 
control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Management conducted an 
assessment of the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and 
criteria established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). Based on the assessment, management concluded that, 
as of December 31, 2019, the Company's internal control over financial reporting is effective based on 
those criteria.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the 

Company's consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2019 as stated in its report included herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over the financial reporting that occurred during the 

most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our 
internal control over financial reporting.  

Item 9B.  Other Information

Not applicable.

115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III

Information with respect to directors, executive officers and corporate governance that appears in the 

Company's proxy statement for its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Election of 
Directors,” “Information on Nominees for Directors,” “Board Committees,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial 
Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Code of Ethics,” and “Compensation Committee Report” is 
incorporated herein by this reference and made a part of this report.

Code of Ethics

The Company has long maintained a Code of Ethical Conduct, updated from time to time, which is 

applicable to all directors, officers, and employees of the Company. In addition, the Company has 
adopted a Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers, which applies to the Company’s CEO, 
CFO, Treasurer, and Controller. Each of these codes is posted on the Company’s website at 
www.borgwarner.com.  We intend to disclose any amendments to, or waivers from, a provision of our 
Code of Ethical Conduct or Code of Ethics for CEO and Senior Financial Officers on our website within 
four business days following the date of any amendment or waiver.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company’s executive officers, 
directors, and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of the Company’s 
equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of 
the Company’s common stock. Such officers, directors and persons are required by SEC regulation to 
furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms that they file with the SEC.

One Form 4 was filed eight business days late on behalf of each of Directors Lissalde, Michas, 
Carlson, Cuneo, Hanley, Mascarenas, McKernan, McWhinney, and Sato due to miscommunication of 
stock grant information. Otherwise, based on information provided to the Company by each director and 
executive officer, the Company believes all beneficial ownership reports required to be filed in 2019 were 
timely.

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

Information with respect to director and executive compensation that will appear in the Company's 

proxy statement for its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the captions “Director 
Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation,” “Compensation 
Discussion and Analysis,” “Restricted Stock,” “Long-Term Equity Incentives,” and “Change of Control  
Agreements” is incorporated herein by this reference and made a part of this report.

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 

Stockholder Matters

Information with respect to security ownership and certain beneficial owners and management and 

related stockholders matters that will appear in the Company's proxy statement for its 2020 Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and 
Management” is incorporated herein by this reference and made a part of this report.

For information regarding the Company's equity compensation plans, see Item 5 “Market for the 
Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities” in 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions and director independence 

that will appear in the Company's proxy statement for its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the 
caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence” is incorporated 
herein by this reference and made a part of this report.

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Information with respect to principal accountant fees and services that will appear in the Company's 

proxy statement for its 2020 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Fees Paid to PwC” is 
incorporated herein by this reference and made a part of this report.

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

The information required by this Section (a)(3) of Item 15 is set forth on the Exhibit Index that 
precedes the Signatures page of this Form 10-K. The information required by this Section (a)(1) of 
Item 15 is set forth above in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. All financial 
statement schedules have been omitted, since the required information is not applicable or is not present 
in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is 
included in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Form 10-K.

Item 16.  Form 10-K Summary

Not applicable.

117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Exhibit Number

Description

EXHIBIT INDEX

2.1

3.1

3.2

4.1  

4.2  

4.3  

4.4  

4.5  

Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2019, among BorgWarner 
Inc., BorgWarner Morse TEC LLC, and Enstar Holdings (US) LLC (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 30, 2019).

Restated  Certificate  of  Incorporation  of  the  Company,  as  amended  through April  26,  2018 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended June 30, 2018 filed July 26, 2018).

Amended  and  Restated  By-Laws  of  the  Company,  as  amended  through  April  25,  2018 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended June 30, 2018 filed July 26, 2018).

Indenture, dated as of February 15, 1999, between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and The Bank 
of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (successor in interest to The First National Bank of 
Chicago), as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.5  to the Company's Registration 
Statement No. 333-172198 filed on February 11, 2011).

Indenture, dated as of September 23, 1999, between Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. and The 
Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (successor in interest to Chase Manhattan Trust 
Company, National Association), as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.6 to the 
Company's Registration Statement 333-172198 filed on February 11, 2011).

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 16, 2010, between the Company and 
The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as the indenture trustee (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4.9 to the Company's Registration Statement 333-172198 filed on February 
11, 2011).

Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 16, 2015, between the Company and The 
Bank  of  New  York  Mellon  Trust  Company,  N.A.,  as  the  indenture  trustee  (incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 16, 2015).

Fifth  Supplemental  Indenture  dated  as  of  November  6,  2015,  between  the  Company  and 
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as the indenture trustee (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 6, 2015).

4.6

Description of Securities*

10.1  

†10.2  

†10.3  

Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of June 29, 2017, among the Company, 
as borrower, the Administrative Agent named therein, and the Lenders that are parties thereto 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed 
June 30, 2017).

Form  of  2019  BorgWarner  Inc.  2018  Stock  Incentive  Plan  Restricted  Stock Agreement  for 
Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 filed on July 25, 2019).

Form of 2019 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
U.S. Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 filed on July 25, 2019).

A - 1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit Number

Description

†10.4

†10.5

Form of 2019 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
U.S. Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 filed on July 25, 2019).

Form of 2019 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
U.S. Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 filed on July 25, 2019).

†10.6  

Form of 2019 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
U.S. Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019 filed on July 25, 2019).

†10.7  

BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the 
Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed March 16, 2018).

†10.8  

Form of 2018 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
Employee Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

†10.9  

Form of 2018 BorgWarner Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Units Award Agreement for 
Non-U.S. Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

†10.10  

Form  of  2018  BorgWarner  Inc.  2018  Stock  Incentive  Plan  Restricted  Stock Agreement  for 
Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

†10.11  

BorgWarner  Inc.  2014  Stock  Incentive  Plan  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Annex  A  to  the 
Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed March 21, 2014).*

†10.12

†10.13

†10.14

†10.15  

†10.16  

†10.17  

First Amendment to the BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 2, 2016).

Form of 2017 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Performance Share Award Agreement 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed April 27, 2017).

Form  of  2017  BorgWarner  Inc.  2014  Stock  Incentive  Plan  Restricted  Stock Agreement  for 
Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed April 27, 2017).

Form of 2017 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Units Award Agreement for 
Non-U.S. Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 filed April 27, 2017).

Form of February 2016 RRG BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Performance Share 
Award Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 filed April 28, 2016).

Form of February 2016 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Performance Share Award 
Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016 filed April 28, 2016).

A - 2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit Number

†10.18  

Description

Form of April 2015 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for 
Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 filed July 30, 2015).

†10.19  

Form of April 2015 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Units Award Agreement 
for Non-U.S. Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 filed July 30, 2015).

†10.20  

Form of BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Employees 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended March 31, 2015 filed April 30, 2015).

†10.21

†10.22

†10.23

†10.24

†10.25

†10.26

†10.27

†10.28

†10.29

†10.30

Form  of  BorgWarner  Inc.  2014  Stock  Incentive  Plan  Performance  Share Award Agreement 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended March 31, 2015 filed April 30, 2015).

Form of BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Units Award Agreement -- Non-U.S. 
Employees (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 filed April 30, 2015).

Form of 2017 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Restricted Stock Agreement for Non-
Employee Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 filed July 27, 2017).

Form of 2017 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Stock Units Award Agreement for 
Non-U.S. Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 filed July 27, 2017).

Form of 2018 BorgWarner Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan Performance Share Award Agreement 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended March 31, 2018 filed April 26, 2018.

Amended and Restated Executive Incentive Plan as amended, restated, and renamed effective 
April  26,  2015  (incorporated  by  reference  to Appendix A  to  the  Company's  Definitive  Proxy 
Statement filed March 20, 2015).

Amended and Restated BorgWarner Inc. Management Incentive Bonus Plan, effective as of 
December 31, 2008(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

BorgWarner Inc. Retirement Savings Excess Benefit Plan, as amended and restated, effective 
January 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

BorgWarner Inc. Board of Directors Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated, 
effective January 1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

First Amendment, dated as of January 1, 2011, to BorgWarner Inc. Board of Directors Deferred 
Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

A - 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit Number

Description

†10.31

†10.32

†10.33

†10.34

†10.35

†10.36

†10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.41

Second Amendment, dated as of August 1, 2016, to BorgWarner Inc. Board of Directors Deferred 
Compensation Plan. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to the Company's Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 filed February 9, 2017).

Form  of Amended  and  Restated  Change  of  Control  Employment Agreement  for  Executive 
Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

Form  of Amended  and  Restated  Change  of  Control  Employment Agreement  for  Executive 
Officers (effective 2009) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

BorgWarner Inc. 2004 Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated, effective January 
1, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

Transition and Retirement Agreement, dated as of June 5, 2018, between BorgWarner Inc. and 
James R. Verrier (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 filed July 26, 2018).

Agreement,  dated  as  of  May  9,  2018,  between  BorgWarner  Inc.  and  John  J.  Gasparovic 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended June 30, 2018 filed July 26, 2018).

Retention Bonus Agreement, dated as of December 7, 2018, between BorgWarner Inc. and 
Anthony D. Hensel (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed on February 19, 2019).

Offer  Letter,  dated  as  of  March  8,  2019,  between  BorgWarner  Inc.  and  Kevin  A.  Nowlan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for 
the quarter ended March 31, 2019 filed on April 25, 2019).

Distribution and Indemnity Agreement, dated as of January 27, 1993, between Borg-Warner 
Automotive, Inc. and Borg-Warner Security (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the 
Company’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K/A  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2017  filed 
September 28, 2018).

Assignment of Trademarks and License Agreement, dated as of November 2, 1994, between 
Borg-Warner Security Corporation and Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 10.26 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 
31, 2017 filed September 28, 2018).

Amendment to Assignment of Trademarks and License Agreement, dated as of July 31, 1998, 
between Borg-Warner Security Corporation and Borg-Warner Automotive, Inc. (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended 
December 31, 2017 filed September 28, 2018).

21.1  

Subsidiaries of the Company.*

23.1  

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Consent.*

31.1  

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Executive Officer.*

A - 4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit Number

Description

31.2  

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by Principal Financial Officer.*

32.1  

Section 1350 Certifications.*

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document.*

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.*

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.*

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.*

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.*

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.*

104.1

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).*

*Filed herewith.

† Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

A - 5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES 

BORGWARNER INC.

 By:

/s/ Frederic B. Lissalde

Frederic B. Lissalde

    President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: February 13, 2020

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

person on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on the 13th day of February, 2020.

Signature

/s/ Frederic B. Lissalde

Frederic B. Lissalde

/s/ Kevin A. Nowlan

Kevin A. Nowlan

/s/ Thomas J. McGill

Thomas J. McGill

/s/ Jan Carlson

Jan Carlson

/s/ Dennis C. Cuneo

Dennis C. Cuneo

/s/ Michael S. Hanley

Michael S. Hanley

/s/ John R. McKernan, Jr.

John R. McKernan, Jr.

/s/ Deborah D. McWhinney

Deborah D. McWhinney

/s/ Paul A. Mascarenas

Paul A. Mascarenas

/s/ Alexis P. Michas

Alexis P. Michas

/s/ Vicki L. Sato

Vicki L. Sato

Title

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer) and Director

Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Vice President and Controller

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director and Non-Executive Chairman

Director

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F R É D É R I C   L I S S A L D E  
President and Chief Executive Officer

We maintained focus  
and delivered stronger-
than-expected top-line 
and margin performance.

DEAR FELLOW STOCKHOLDERS,

Chief Financial Officer at the start of the 

As I look back on my first full year as 

President and CEO, I am grateful for the 

strength of the team around me and 

our ability to work cohesively to drive 

the business forward. We made several 

second quarter of 2019. Given his broad 

financial and operational experience, 

Kevin made an immediate positive impact 

on our business and engaged well with 

our corporate culture, continuing our long 

legacy of financial discipline and strength, 

important changes to our executive team, 

and enhancing our already strong finance 

most of which were internal promotions. 

Our ability to successfully promote from 

within highlights both the breadth and 

depth of our talent base, plus the strength 

team. Ultimately, we ended 2019 with a 

world-class management team that allows 

us to function effectively and efficiently.

of our internal development programs, 

External Commitment and Recognition 

which are crucial to our long-term success.  

As a world leader in clean and efficient 

One important management addition last 

solutions for combustion, hybrid and 

year was Kevin Nowlan, who joined the 

electric vehicles, BorgWarner has received 

Company as Executive Vice President and 

numerous awards for our products and 

No Offer or Solicitation
This communication is being made in respect of the proposed 
acquisition (the “proposed transaction”) of Delphi Technologies 
PLC (“Delphi Technologies”) by BorgWarner Inc. (“BorgWar-
ner”). This communication is not intended to and does not 
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to 
subscribe for or buy or an invitation to purchase or subscribe for 
any securities or the solicitation of any vote or approval in any 
jurisdiction pursuant to the proposed transaction or otherwise, 
nor shall there be any sale, issuance or transfer of securities in 
any jurisdiction in contravention of applicable law. In particular, 
this communication is not an offer of securities for sale into the 
United States. No offer of securities shall be made in the United 
States absent registration under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, 
as amended (the “Securities Act”), or pursuant to an exemption 
from, or in a transaction not subject to, such registration require-
ments. Any securities issued in the proposed transaction are 
anticipated to be issued in reliance upon available exemptions 
from such registration requirements pursuant to Section 3(a)
(10) of the Securities Act. In connection with the proposed 
transaction, Delphi Technologies will file certain proxy materials, 
which shall constitute the scheme document and the proxy 
statement relating to the proposed transaction (the “proxy 
statement”). The proxy statement will contain the full terms and 
conditions of the proposed transaction, including details with 
respect to the Delphi Technologies shareholder vote in respect 
of the proposed transaction. Any decision in respect of, or other 
response to, the proposed transaction should be made only on 
the basis of the information contained in the proxy statement.

Participants in the Solicitation
Delphi Technologies, BorgWarner and certain of their respective 
directors, executive officers and employees may be deemed 
“participants” in the solicitation of proxies from Delphi Tech-
nologies shareholders in respect of the proposed transaction. 
Information regarding the foregoing persons, including a de-
scription of their direct or indirect interests, by security holdings 
or otherwise, will be set forth in the proxy statement and any 
other relevant documents to be filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). You can find information 
about Delphi Technologies’ directors and executive officers in its 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 
31, 2019 and its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on 
Schedule 14A on March 15, 2019. You can find information about 
BorgWarner’s directors and executive officers in its Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2019 and its definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on 
Schedule 14A on March 15, 2019.

Additional Information and Where to Find It
This communication may be deemed solicitation material in 
respect of the proposed transaction. In connection with the 
proposed transaction, Delphi Technologies will file with the 
SEC and furnish to Delphi Technologies’ shareholders a proxy 
statement and other relevant documents. This communication 
does not constitute a solicitation of any vote or approval. Before 
making any voting decision, Delphi Technologies’ shareholders 
are urged to read the proxy statement and any other relevant 
documents filed or to be filed with the SEC in connection with 
the proposed transaction or incorporated by reference in the 
proxy statement (if any) carefully and in their entirety when 
they become available because they will contain important 
information about the proposed transaction and the parties to 
the proposed transaction. Investors will be able to obtain free of 
charge the proxy statement and other documents filed with the 
SEC at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, the 
proxy statement and Delphi Technologies’ and BorgWarner’s 
respective annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on 
Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to 
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to section 13(a) or 
15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, 
are available free of charge through Delphi Technologies’ and 
BorgWarner’s websites at www.delphi.com and www.borgwar-
ner.com, respectively, as soon as reasonably practicable after 
they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.

Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This communication may contain forward-looking statements as 
contemplated by the 1995 Private Securities Litigation Reform 
Act that reflect, when made, Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWar-
ner’s respective current views with respect to future events, 
including the proposed transaction, and financial performance 
or that are based on their respective management’s current 
outlook, expectations, estimates and projections, including 
with respect to the combined company following the proposed 
transaction, if completed. Such forward-looking statements 
are subject to many risks, uncertainties and factors relating to 
Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s respective operations 
and business environment, which may cause the actual results 
of Delphi Technologies or BorgWarner to be materially different 
from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. 
All statements that address future operating, financial or 
business performance or Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s 
respective strategies or expectations are forward-looking 

statements. In some cases, you can identify these statements by 
forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” 
“could,” “designed,”“effect,” “evaluates,” “forecasts,” “goal,” 
“guidance,” “initiative,” “intends,” “pursue,” “seek,” “target,” 
“when,” “will,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “be-
lieves,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “projects,” “potential,” “outlook” 
or “continue,” the negatives thereof and other comparable 
terminology. Factors that could cause actual results relating 
to the proposed transaction with Delphi Technologies to differ 
materially from these forward-looking statements include, but 
are not limited to, the possibility that the proposed transaction 
will not be pursued; failure to obtain necessary shareholder ap-
provals, regulatory approvals or required financing or to satisfy 
any of the other conditions to the proposed transaction; adverse 
effects on the market price of Delphi Technologies’ ordinary 
shares or BorgWarner’s shares of common stock and on Delphi 
Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s operating results because of a 
failure to complete the proposed transaction; failure to realize 
the expected benefits of the proposed transaction; failure to 
promptly and effectively integrate Delphi Technologies’ busi-
nesses; negative effects relating to the announcement of the 
proposed transaction or any further announcements relating to 
the proposed transaction or the consummation of the proposed 
transaction on the market price of Delphi Technologies’ ordinary 
shares or BorgWarner’s shares of common stock; significant 
transaction costs and/or unknown or inestimable liabilities; 
potential litigation associated with the proposed transaction; 
general economic and business conditions that affect the com-
bined company following the consummation of the proposed 
transaction; changes in global, political, economic, business, 
competitive, market and regulatory forces; changes in tax laws, 
regulations, rates and policies; future business acquisitions or 
disposals; competitive developments; and the timing and occur-
rence (or non-occurrence) of other events or circumstances that 
may be beyond Delphi Technologies’ or BorgWarner’s control.

For additional information about these and other factors,
see the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in Delphi 
Technologies’ most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed 
with the SEC and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” filed on February 
13, 2020, and the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in 
BorgWarner’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with 
the SEC and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations” on February 13, 2020.

Delphi Technologies’ and BorgWarner’s forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this communication 
or as of the date they are made. Delphi Technologies and 
BorgWarner each disclaim any intent or obligation to update 
or revise any “forward looking statement” made in this com-
munication to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence 
of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results 
over time, except as may be required by law. All subsequent 
written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to 
Delphi Technologies, BorgWarner or their respective directors, 
executive officers or any person acting on behalf of any of them 
are expressly qualified in their entirety by this paragraph.

Forward-looking statements concerning BorgWarner’s 
business without regard to the proposed transaction are also 
subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to 
predict and generally beyond our control, that could cause actu-
al results to differ materially from those expressed, projected or 
implied in or by the forward-looking statements. These risks and 
uncertainties, among others, include: our dependence on auto-
motive and truck production, both of which are highly cyclical; 
our reliance on major OEM customers; commodities availability 
and pricing; supply disruptions; fluctuations in interest rates and 
foreign currency exchange rates; availability of credit; our de-
pendence on key management; our dependence on information 
systems; the uncertainty of the global economic environment; 
the outcome of existing or any future legal proceedings, includ-
ing litigation with respect to various claims; future changes in 
laws and regulations, including, by way of example, tariffs, in the 
countries in which we operate; and the other risks noted under 
Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of BorgWarner’s most recent Annual 
Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and in other reports that 
we file with the SEC.

This should not be construed as a complete list of all of 
the economic, competitive, governmental, technological 
and other factors that could adversely affect our expected 
consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 
Additional risks and uncertainties, including without limitation 
those not currently known to us or that we currently believe are 
immaterial, also may impair our business, operations, liquidity, 
financial condition and prospects.

Adj. EPS Guidance to US GAAP Reconciliation 
The Company defines Adjusted earnings per share as  
Adjusted net income divided by diluted shares. Because not 
all companies use identical calculations, this presentation of 

Adjusted operating income and Adjusted earnings per share 
may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of 
other companies.

        Full-Year 2020
               Low    High
Earnings per diluted share                                       $3.22  $3.75 
Non-comparable items: 
               0.41     0.23 
Restructuring and other expense 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense         0.22     0.17
             $3.85   $4.15 
Adjusted earnings per diluted share 

Adjusted Earnings Per Share to US GAAP Reconciliation
The Company defines adjusted earnings per diluted share as 
earnings per diluted share adjusted for the items below and 
related tax effects.

            Year Ended December 31
                                                                2019    2018
            $3.61    $4.44 

                                      0.26     0.24 
                                      0.10        - 
              0.07        -  

Earnings per diluted share 
Non-comparable items: 
Restructuring expense 
Pension settlement loss 
Unfavorable arbitration loss 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense      0.05    0.03 
Asset impairment and loss on divestiture           0.03    0.09 
              0.01     0.04 
Officer stock awards modification 
             (0.02)     - 
Gain on derecognition of subsidiary 
                  -        0.08 
Asbestos-related adjustments 
                                        -        (0.07)
Gain on sale of building 
                 -        (0.01) 
Gain on commercial settlement 
                                         -        (0.06) 
Tax reform adjustments 
Tax adjustments 
                                      0.02  (0.30) 
Adjusted earnings per diluted share 

            $4.13     $4.48

Adjusted Operating Income to US GAAP Reconciliation 

                                                  FY 2020 Guidance 
                                                           Low 
  High
                                                        $9,750 $10,075 
                                   $975    $1,110 
                                     10.0%     11.0%

Net Sales 
Operating income 
Operating margin 
Non-comparable items 
Restructuring expense 
                                    $115        $65 
Merger, acquisition and divestiture expense        45          35 
          $1,135   $1,210 
Adjusted operating income 
               11.6%   12.0%     
Adjusted operating income margin 

Free Cash Flow to US GAAP Reconciliation 
The Company defines free cash flow as net cash provided 
by operating activities plus the derecognition of subsidiary 
minus capital expenditures. The measure is useful to both 
management and investors in evaluating the Company’s ability 
to service and repay its debt. 

                                       Year Ended December 31 
                                                               2019     2018
Cash provided by operating activities           $1,008   $1,126 
Derecognition of subsidiary 
                 172         -    
Capital expenditures                                             (481)    (546)
                                      $699    $580
Free cash flow 

                                           Full Year 2020 Outlook 
                                                                Low     High
Cash provided by operating activities            $1,250  $1,250  
Derecognition of subsidiary 
Capital expenditures                                              (575)    (525)
                                      $675     $725
Free cash flow 

                  -            - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strengthening Leadership 
in Electrification

BorgWarner Inc.

World Headquarters

3850 Hamlin Road

Auburn Hills, MI 48326 

borgwarner.com 

Driving Toward a Cleaner Future

2019 Stockholders letter and annual report on form 10-K