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Bridgeline Digital

blin · NASDAQ Technology
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Employees 51-200
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FY2023 Annual Report · Bridgeline Digital
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-K

(Mark One)
X ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________ to ______________

Commission File Number 333-139298

Bridgeline Digital, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization

52-2263942
IRS Employer Identification No.

52-2263942
IRS Employer Identification No.

100 Sylvan Road, Suite G700
Woburn, Massachusetts
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

01801
(Zip Code)

(781) 376-5555
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share

Trading Symbol
BLIN

Name of exchange on which registered
The Nasdaq Capital Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   ☐     No   X

Indicate by check mark if the registrant in not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ☐     No   X

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange
Act”) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the
past 90 days. Yes   X     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of
this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit. Yes  X   No ☐

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. ☐

Large accelerated filer  ☐
Non-accelerated filer   X

Accelerated filer   ☐
Smaller reporting company X
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. X

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction
of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  any  of  those  error  corrections  are  restatements  that  required  a  recovery  analysis  of  incentive-based  compensation  received  by  any  of  the
registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ☐     No   X

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $9.5 million based on the closing price of $0.91
of the issuer’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market on March 31, 2023.

As of December 27, 2023, there were 10,417,609 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: NONE

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Forward Looking Statement
All statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, other than statements or characterizations of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. These “forward-
looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about our
industry, management's beliefs, and certain assumptions made by us, all of which are subject to change. Forward-looking statements can often be identified by words such as
"anticipates," "expects," "intends," "plans," "predicts," "believes," "seeks," "estimates," "may," "will," "should," "would," "could," "potential," "continue," "ongoing," similar
expressions, and variations or negatives of these words. These statements appear in a number of places in this Form 10-K and include statements regarding the intent, belief or
current expectations of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions,
including, but not limited to: business operations and the business of our customers, suppliers and partners; our ability to retain and upgrade current customers, increasing
our recurring revenue, our ability to attract new customers, our revenue growth rate; our history of net loss and our ability to achieve or maintain profitability; our liability for
any unauthorized access to our data or our users’ content, including through privacy and data security breaches; any decline in demand for our platform or products; changes
in the interoperability of our platform across devices, operating systems, and third party applications that we do no control; competition in our markets; our ability to respond
to rapid technological changes, extend our platform, develop new features or products, or gain market acceptance for such new features or products, particularly in light of
potential disruptions to the productivity of our employees resulting from remote work; our ability to manage our growth or plan for future growth, and our acquisition of other
businesses and the potential of such acquisitions to require significant management attention, disrupt our business, or dilute stockholder value; the volatility of the market
price of our common stock, the ability to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market; or our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls as well as other
risks described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any of such risks could cause our actual results to differ materially and adversely from those
expressed in any forward-looking statement. Bridgeline Digital, Inc. assumes no obligation to, and does not currently intend to, update any such forward-looking statements,
except as required by applicable law. We urge readers to  review carefully the risk factors described herein and in the other documents that we file with the Securities and
Exchange Commission. You can read these documents at www.sec.gov.

Where we say “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” or “Bridgeline” or “Bridgeline Digital” we mean Bridgeline Digital, Inc.

Item 1. Business.

Overview

PART I

Bridgeline Digital is a marketing technology company that offers a suite of products that help companies grow online revenue by driving more traffic to their websites, converting
more visitors to purchasers, and increasing average order value.

All  of  Bridgeline’s  software  is  available  through  a  cloud-based  Software  as  a  Service  (“SaaS”)  model,  whose  flexible  architecture  provides  customers  hosting  and  support.
Additionally, Unbound and HawkSearch have the option to be available via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the software can reside on a dedicated
infrastructure either on premise at the customer’s facility, or manage-hosted by Bridgeline via a cloud-based, dedicated hosted services model.

Bridgeline's product offerings include: 

HawkSearch: a site search, recommendation, and personalization software application, built for marketers, merchandisers, and developers to enhance, normalize, and enrich an
online customer's content search and product discovery experience. 

Celebros Search: a commerce-oriented site search product that provides Natural Language Processing with artificial intelligence to present relevant search results based on long-
tail keyword searches.

Woorank: a Search Engine Optimization (“SEO”) audit tool that generates an instant performance audit of the site’s technical, on-page, and off-page SEO.

Unbound: a Digital Experience Platform that includes Web Content Management, eCommerce, Digital Marketing, and Web Analytics. 

TruPresence: a web content management and eCommerce platform that supports the needs of multi-unit organizations and franchises.

OrchestraCMS: the only content and digital experience platform built 100% native on Salesforce and helps customers create websites and intranets for their customers, partners,
and employees.

Bridgeline Digital was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 28, 2000.

Locations

The  Company’s  corporate  headquarters  is  located  in  Woburn,  Massachusetts.  The  Company  maintains  regional  field  offices  serving  the  following  geographical  locations:
Woodbury, New York; Rosemont, Illinois; Atascadero, California; Ontario, Canada; and Brussels, Belgium.

The Company has four wholly-owned subsidiaries: Bridgeline Digital Pvt. Ltd., located in Bangalore, India; Bridgeline Digital Canada, Inc., located in Ontario, Canada; Hawk Search
Inc. located in Rosemont, Illinois and Bridgeline Digital Belgium BV, located in Brussels, Belgium.

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Products and Services

Products

Subscription and Perpetual Licenses

All  of  Bridgeline’s  software  is  available  through  a  cloud-based  Software  as  a  Service  (“SaaS”)  model,  whose  flexible  architecture  provides  customers  hosting  and  support.
Additionally, HawkSearch and Unbound have the option to be available via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the software can reside on a dedicated
infrastructure  either  on  premise  at  the  customer’s  facility,  or  manage-hosted  by  Bridgeline  via  a  cloud-based,  dedicated  hosted  services  model.  This  software  is  reported  as
Subscription and Perpetual Licenses in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Bridgeline offers enterprise site search solutions with its HawkSearch and Celebros Search products.

● HawkSearch is an AI-powered site search, recommendation, and personalization software application for marketers, merchandisers, and developers to enhance, normalize,
and enrich an online customer's product discovery. HawkSearch leverages artificial intelligence, machine learning and industry-leading merchandising features to deliver
accurate,  relevant  and  personalized  results  and  recommendations  derived  from  multiple  data  sources.  HawkSearch  has  integrations  and  partner  relationships  with
platforms such as Adobe, BigCommerce, Optimizely, Sitefinity, Shopify and others.

● Celebros  Search is a commerce-oriented, site search product that provides for Natural Language Processing and incorporates artificial intelligence to present relevant
search results based on long-tail keyword searches.  Celebros  Search is a semantic search and conversion technology that is available in seven languages.  Celebros
Search has plug-ins into the Bridgeline Unbound Commerce offering in addition to many other third-party Commerce platforms such as Adobe, Hybris and Shopify.

Bridgeline offers Search Engine Optimization auditing through its WooRank by Bridgeline software. 

● Woorank is a Search Engine Optimization (“SEO”) audit tool that generates an instant performance audit of the site’s technical, on-page, and off-page SEO. Woorank’s
clear, actionable insights help companies increase their search engine ranking, while boosting website traffic, audience engagement, conversion, and customer retention
rates.

Bridgeline offers franchise marketing software with its TruPresence platform. 

● TruPresence is a  Web  Content  Management and eCommerce platform that supports the needs of multi-unit organizations and franchises.  The  TruPresence product
empowers large franchises, brand networks, and other multi-unit organizations to manage a large hierarchy of digital properties at scale. TruPresence provides centralized
and distributed management of content and products from parent  sites  down  to  multiple  child  sites  for  consistency  in  branding  and  messaging  while  also  enabling
regional / local site owners to manage the local messaging, products and promotions specific to their local market.

Bridgeline offers Bridgeline Unbound as a Digital Experience Platform. 

● Unbound is  a  Digital  Experience  Platform  that  includes  Web  Content  Management,  eCommerce,  Digital  Marketing,  and  Web Analytics.  Unbound  Content,  Unbound
Marketing, Unbound Commerce, and Unbound Insights empower marketers to easily manage their digital experiences and create personalized customer journeys. Each
Unbound implementation incorporates a set of flexible templates and modules to accelerate implementation speed and reduce costs. The Unbound platform, combined
with its professional services, assists customers in powering engaging digital experiences that drive lead generation, increase revenue, improve customer service and
loyalty, enhance employee knowledge, and reduce operational costs. 

Bridgeline also offers OrchestraCMS as a Digital Experience Platform.

● OrchestraCMS is a digital experience platform built 100% native on  Salesforce and helps customers create websites and intranets for their customers, partners, and
employees. The software combines content with business data, processes and applications, including Salesforce Communities, social media, portals, intranets, websites,
applications  and  services.  OrchestraCMS  also  has  a  rich  set  of  APIs  to  enable  development  of  custom  solutions,  third-party  integrations  and  delivery  of  digital
transformation initiatives on the Salesforce platform, helping customers drive deeper engagement and collaboration, increase efficiency and minimize risk.

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Services

Revenue from Digital Engagement Services

Revenue from all digital engagement services is reported as “Digital engagement services” in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Digital engagement services address specific customer needs such as digital strategy, web design and web development, usability engineering, information architecture, and SEO
for their mission critical website, intranet or online store. Application development engagements are often sold as part of a multiple element arrangement that includes our software
products, hosting arrangements (i.e., Managed Service Hosting) that provide for the use of certain hardware and infrastructure through our partnership with Amazon Web Services
or professional services retained after completion of the application development.

Sales and Marketing

Overview

Bridgeline employs a direct sales force, which focuses its efforts on selling to mid-sized and large companies. These companies are generally categorized in the following vertical
markets:

● Associations and Foundations
● Banks and Credit Unions
● eCommerce Retailers
● Franchises & Enterprises
● Health Services and Life Sciences
● Industrial Distribution and Wholesale
● Manufacturers
● Technology

We also pursue strategic alliances and partnerships to enhance the sales and distribution opportunities of Bridgeline intellectual property. We currently have partner relationships
with platforms such as Adobe, BigCommerce, Optimizely, Sitefinity, Shopify, and others.

Organic Growth from Existing Customer Base

Our  business  development  professionals  seek  ongoing  business  opportunities  within  our  existing  customer  base  and  within  other  operating  divisions  or  subsidiaries  of  our
existing customer base.

New Customer Acquisition

We identify customers within our vertical expertise. Our business development professionals create an annual territory plan identifying various strategies to prospect and engage
our target verticals.

New Lead Generation Programs

We generate targeted leads and new business opportunities by leveraging online marketing strategies. We receive leads by maximizing the SEO capabilities of our own websites.
Through our websites, we provide various educational whitepapers and promote upcoming online seminars. In addition, we utilize banner advertisements on various independent
newsletters and paid search advertisements that are linked to our website. We also participate and exhibit at targeted online and in-person events and conferences.

Customer Retention Programs

We have a dedicated Customer Success team that engages with customers regularly to conduct strategic business reviews and audits to ensure they are getting the most value out
of the Bridgeline product offerings. We use surveying techniques to gauge and monitor customer sentiment as well as digital marketing capabilities to inform our customer base of
the latest feature releases and product innovations.  We make product releases available via email campaigns as well as publication on our website.  Bridgeline also provides
educational white papers and featured case studies, to inform customers of best practices and enhancements. We also host educational online webinars for customers as well as
face-to-face customer focus groups and training sessions.

Social Media Programs

We market  Bridgeline’s upcoming events, white papers, blogs, case studies, digital product tutorials, announcements, and related articles frequently on leading social media
platforms such as Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube and Facebook.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and Development

We have research and development activities focusing on creating new products and innovations, product enhancements, and funding future market opportunities. Research and
development expenses were approximately $3.7 million or 23% of revenues and $3.2 million or 19% of revenues during fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Employees

Human Capital

Bridgeline is dedicated to creating the best digital presence for our customers, and our employees are critical to achieving this mission. In order to continue to design innovative
experiences and products and compete and succeed in our highly competitive and rapidly evolving market, we continue to attract and retain experienced and talented employees.
As part of these efforts, we strive to offer a competitive compensation and benefits program, foster a community of inclusion and empower individuals to do their best work.

As of September 30, 2023, we had approximately 55 full-time employees. Of our full-time employees, approximately 40 were in the United States and the remaining were based in our
various international locations. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collective bargaining agreement.

Compensation and Benefits Program

Our compensation program is designed to attract and reward talented individuals who possess the skills necessary to support our business objectives, assist in the achievement of
our strategic goals and create long-term value for our stockholders. We provide employees with compensation packages that include base salary, incentive bonuses, and long-term
stock option awards tied to the value of our stock price.  We believe that a compensation program with both short-term and long-term awards provides fair and competitive
compensation and aligns employee and stockholder interests, including by incentivizing business and individual performance (pay for performance), motivating individuals based
on long-term company performance and integrating compensation with our business plans. In addition to cash and equity compensation, we also offer employees benefits such as
life and health (medical, dental & vision) insurance, paid time off, and a 401(k) plan.

Customers

We primarily serve the following vertical markets that we believe have a history of investing in information technology enhancements and initiatives:

● Associations and Foundations
● Banks and Credit Unions
● eCommerce Retailers
● Franchises & Enterprises
● Health Services and Life Sciences
● Industrial Distribution and Wholesale
● Manufacturers
● Technology

For the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, no customer exceeded 10% of the Company’s total revenues.

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Competition

The markets for our products and services, including eCommerce platform software, eMarketing software, software for web content management, web analytics software and digital
engagement services are highly competitive, fragmented, and rapidly changing. Barriers to entry in such markets remain relatively low. The markets are significantly affected by
new product introductions and other market activities of industry participants. With the introduction of new technologies and market entrants, we expect competition to persist
and intensify in the future.

We believe we compete adequately with others and we distinguish ourselves from our competitors in a number of ways, including:

● Our competitors generally offer their web application software with an emphasis on a singular focus/function (such as content management only, or commerce only) as

compared to the deeply integrated and multi-faceted approach provided by Bridgeline’s platforms.

● The architecture comprising Bridgeline’s platforms are flexible and some are capable of being deployed in either a SaaS or dedicated server environment.

● The majority of our competitors do not provide interactive technology development services that complement their software products. Our ability to develop mission

critical websites and online stores on our own deeply integrated platforms provides a quality end-to-end solution.

● The interface of the Bridgeline platforms have been designed for ease of use without requiring substantial technical skills from our customers.

● Finally, we believe the Bridgeline platforms offer a competitive price-to-functionality ratio when compared to our competitors.

Patents, Trademarks, and Trade Secrets

We own a number of trade secrets, licenses and trademarks related to Bridgeline products and services and their loss could have a material adverse effect on the Company. We do
not own any patents. For additional information see Risk Factor – If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology and other intellectual property rights, our ability to
compete in the marketplace may be substantially reduced.

Available Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, along with any amendments to those reports, are made available
upon request, on our website www.bridgeline.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange
Commission (“SEC”). Copies of the following are also available through our website on the “About – Investor Relations” page and are available in print to any stockholder who
requests it:

● Code of Business Ethics

● Committee Charters for the following Board Committees:

- Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
- Audit Committee
- Compensation Committee

The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Information regarding
the SEC’s Public Reference Room can be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information and can be found at http://www.sec.gov.

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors

This  report  contains  forward-looking  statements  that  involve  risks  and  uncertainties,  such  as  statements  of  our  objectives,  expectations  and  intentions.  The  cautionary
statements made in this report are applicable to all forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this report.  Our actual results could differ materially from those
discussed herein. In addition to the risks discussed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our business is subject to the
risks set forth below.

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves certain risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. The risks described below are not the only
risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business,
financial condition and/or operating results.

Risk Factors

Risk Factors Related to our Business

We  have  incurred  significant  net  losses  since  inception  and  expect  to  continue  to  incur  operating  losses  for  the  foreseeable  future.  We  may  never  achieve  or  sustain
profitability, which would depress the market price of our common stock and could cause you to lose all or a part of your investment.

We incurred net loss of approximately $9.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2023, which includes gains related to the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities and a
goodwill impairment charge of $7.5 million. Since our inception in 2000 and through fiscal 2019, and in fiscal 2021 and fiscal 2023, we have incurred net losses, and may do so again.
As of September 30, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $90 million. Our prior losses have had an adverse effect on our stockholders’ equity and working capital.
Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with our business, we are unable to predict the extent of any future losses or when we may become profitable. If we do
become profitable, we may not be able to sustain or increase our profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.

We may require additional financing to execute our business plan and further expand our operations.

We may require additional funding to further expand our operations. We depend on financing sources, either debt or equity, or a combination thereof, which may not be available
to us in a timely basis if at all, or on terms acceptable to us. Further, our ability to obtain financing may be limited by rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market.

If we fail to obtain acceptable funding when needed, we may not have sufficient resources to fund our operations, and this would have a material adverse effect on our business.

A reduction in our license renewal rate could reduce our revenue.

Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscription licenses, and some customers have elected or may elect not to do so. Our license renewal rates may decline or
fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customer dissatisfaction with our products and services, our failure to update our products to maintain their attractiveness in
the market, or constraints or changes in budget priorities faced by our customers. A decline in license renewal rates could cause our revenue to decline, which would have a
material adverse effect on our operations.

We may become dependent upon a concentration of major customers, and a failure to renew our licenses with such customers could reduce our revenue.

We have previously and may from time to time derive a significant portion of our revenues from a relatively concentrated number of customers. Considering a reduction in our
license renewal rate could reduce our revenue, these consequences could be exacerbated if we are dependent upon several major customers and any one of them were to elect not
to renew.

The length of our sales cycle can alternate markedly, which could result in significant fluctuations in the recognition of license revenues from quarter to quarter.

The decision by a customer to purchase our products often involves the development of a complex implementation plan across a customer’s business. This process often requires
a significant commitment of resources both by prospective customers and us. Given the significant investment and commitment of resources required in order to implement our
software, it may take several months, or even several quarters, for marketing opportunities to materialize. If a customer’s decision to purchase our products is delayed, or if the
installation of our products takes longer than originally anticipated, the date on which we may recognize revenue from these sales would be delayed. Such delays and fluctuations
could cause our revenue to be lower than expected in a particular period, and we may not be able to adjust our costs quickly enough to offset such lower revenue, potentially
negatively impacting our results of operations.

We depend on a third-party cloud platform provider to host our Bridgeline SaaS environment and managed services business and if we were to experience a disruption or
interference in service, our business and reputation could suffer.

We  host  our  SaaS  and  managed  hosting  customers  via  a  third-party, Amazon  Web  Services.  If  upon  renewal  date  our  third-party  provider  does  not  provide  commercially
reasonable terms, we may be required to transfer our services to a new provider, such as a data center facility, and we may incur significant equipment costs and possible service
interruption in connection with doing so. Service interruptions might reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits or refunds to customers, subject us to potential liability, or harm
our  renewal  rates.  Interference  from  unauthorized  access  to  or  tampering  with  these  systems,  including  those  resulting  from  cyber-attacks,  could  result  in  a  variety  of
consequences, including devaluation of our intellectual property, goodwill, increased expenditures on data security and litigation, and can have a material adverse effect on our
business, revenues, reputation, operating results and financial condition.

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If our security measures or those of our third-party cloud computing platform provider are breached and unauthorized access is obtained to a customer’s data, our services
may be perceived as not being secure, and we may incur significant legal and financial exposure and liabilities.

Security breaches could expose us to a risk of loss of our customers’ information, litigation and possible liability. While we have security measures in place, they may be breached
as  a  result  of  third-party  action,  including  intentional  misconduct  by  computer  hackers  and  cybercriminals,  employee  error,  malfeasance  or  otherwise  and  result  in  someone
obtaining unauthorized access to our IT systems, our customers’ data or our data, including our intellectual property and other confidential business information. Because the
techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to
implement adequate preventative measures. In addition, our customers may authorize third-party technology providers to access their customer data, and some of our customers
may  not  have  adequate  security  measures  in  place  to  protect  their  data  that  is  stored  on  our  services.  Because  we  do  not  control  our  customers  or  third-party  technology
providers, or the processing of such data by third-party technology providers, we cannot ensure the integrity or security of such transmissions or processing. Malicious third
parties may also conduct cyber-attacks designed to temporarily deny customers access to our services. Any security breach could result in a loss of confidence in the security of
our services, damage our reputation, negatively impact our future sales, disrupt our business and lead to legal liability.

We rely on encryption and authentication technology from third parties to provide the security and authentication to effectively secure transmission of confidential information,
including consumer payment card numbers. Such technology may not be sufficient to protect the transmission of such confidential information or these technologies may have
material defects that may compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the transmitted data. Any imposition of liability, particularly liability that is not covered by insurance, or is
in excess of insurance coverage, could harm our reputation, business and operating results. We might be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect
further against security breaches or to rectify problems caused by any security breach, which, in turn, could divert funds available for corporate growth and expansion or future
acquisitions.

Our operating lease commitments may adversely affect our financial condition and cash flows from operations.

We have contractual commitments in operating lease arrangements. Our ability to meet our expenses and contractual commitments will depend on our future performance, which
will be affected by financial, business, economic, regulatory and other factors. We will not be able to control many of these factors, such as economic conditions and governmental
regulations. Further, our operations may not generate sufficient cash to enable us to service our working capital needs or contractual obligations resulting from our leases. If we are
at any time unable to generate sufficient cash flows from operations, we may be required to obtain additional sources of financing. There can be no assurance that we would be
able to successfully renegotiate such terms, or that additional financing could be obtained on terms that are favorable or acceptable to us. Refer to the Risk Factor - We may require
additional financing to execute our business plan and further expand our operations, for a description of capital raising activities.

We face intense and growing competition, which could result in price reductions, reduced operating margins and loss of market share.

We operate in a highly competitive marketplace and generally encounter intense competition to create and maintain demand for our services and to obtain service contracts. If we
are  unable  to  successfully  compete  for  new  business  and  license  renewals,  our  revenue  growth  and  operating  margins  may  decline.  The  market  for  our  platforms  and  web
development  services  are  competitive  and  rapidly  changing.  Barriers  to  entry  in  such  markets  are  relatively  low.  Competitors  and  partners  are  investing  in  artificial
intelligence. With the introduction of new technologies and market entrants, we expect competition to intensify in the future. Some of our principal competitors offer their products
at a lower price, which may result in pricing pressures. Such pricing pressures and increased competition generally could result in reduced sales, reduced margins or the failure of
our product and service offerings to achieve or maintain more widespread market acceptance.

The marketplace is highly fragmented with a large number of competitors and potential competitors. Our competitors include companies such as Algolia, Bloomreach, Coveo,
Searchspring, Semrush, Sitecore and Yext. We face competition from customers and potential customers who develop their own applications internally. We also face competition
from potential competitors that are substantially larger than we are and who have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources, and established direct and
indirect channels of distribution. As a result, they are able to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can.

9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If our products fail to perform properly due to undetected errors or similar problems, our business could suffer, and we could face product liability exposure.

We develop and sell complex web engagement software which may contain undetected errors or bugs. Such errors can be detected at any point in a product’s life cycle but are
frequently found after introduction of new software or enhancements to existing software. We continually introduce new products and new versions of our products. Despite
internal testing and testing by current and potential customers, our current and future products may contain serious defects. If we detect any errors before we ship a product, we
might have to delay product shipment for an extended period of time while we address the problem. We might not discover software errors that affect our new or current products
or enhancements until after they are deployed, and we may need to provide enhancements to correct such errors. Therefore, it is possible that, despite our testing, errors may occur
in our software. These errors could result in the following:

● harm to our reputation;
● lost sales;
● delays in commercial release;
● product liability claims;
● contractual disputes;
● negative publicity;
● delays in or loss of market acceptance of our products;
● license terminations or renegotiations; or
● unexpected expenses and diversion of resources to remedy errors.

Furthermore, our customers may use our software together with products from other companies. As a result, when problems occur, it might be difficult to identify the source of the
problem. Even when our software does not cause these problems, the existence of these errors might cause us to incur significant costs, divert the attention of our technical
personnel from our product development efforts, impact our reputation, or cause significant customer relations problems.

Technology and customer requirements evolve rapidly in our industry, and if we do not continue to develop new products and enhance our existing products in response to
these changes, our business could suffer.

We will need to continue to enhance our products in order to maintain our competitive position. We may not be successful in developing and marketing enhancements to our
products on a timely basis, and any enhancements we develop may not adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace. Overlaying the risks associated with our
existing products and enhancements are ongoing technological developments and rapid changes in customer requirements. Our future success will depend upon our ability to
develop and introduce, in a timely manner, new products that take advantage of technological advances and respond to new customer requirements. The development of new
products is increasingly complex and uncertain, which increases the risk of delays. We may not be successful in developing new products and incorporating new technology on a
timely basis, and any new products may not adequately address the changing needs of the marketplace. Failure to develop new products and product enhancements that meet
market needs in a timely manner could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology and other intellectual property rights, our ability to compete in the marketplace may be substantially reduced.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, our competitors could use our intellectual property to market products similar to our products, which could decrease demand
for  such  products,  thus  decreasing  our  revenue.  We  rely  on  a  combination  of  copyright,  trademark  and  trade  secret  laws,  as  well  as  licensing  agreements,  third-party  non-
disclosure agreements and other contractual measures to protect our intellectual property rights. These protections may not be adequate to prevent our competitors from copying
or reverse engineering our products. Our competitors may independently develop technologies that are substantially similar or superior to our technology. To protect our trade
secrets and other proprietary information, we require employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to enter into confidentiality agreements.  These agreements may not
provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or other proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure of such trade
secrets,  know-how  or  other  proprietary  information.  The  protective  mechanisms  we  include  in  our  products  may  not  be  sufficient  to  prevent  unauthorized  copying.  Existing
copyright laws afford only limited protection for our intellectual property rights and may not protect such rights in the event competitors independently develop similar products.
In addition, the laws of some countries in which our products are or may be licensed do not protect our products and intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws
of the United States.

Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and litigation could become necessary in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights. Any litigation could be time
consuming and expensive to prosecute or resolve, result in substantial diversion of management attention and resources, and materially harm our business or financial condition.

10

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If a third party asserts that we infringe upon its proprietary rights, we could be required to redesign our products, pay significant royalties or enter into license agreements.

Claims of infringement are becoming increasingly common as the software industry continues to develop and as related legal protections, including but not limited to patents, are
applied to software products. Although we do not believe that our products infringe on the rights of third parties, a third party may assert that our technology or technologies of
entities we acquire violates its intellectual property rights. As the number of software products in our markets increases, and the functionality of these products further overlap, we
believe that infringement claims will become more common. Any claims against us, regardless of their merit, could:

● be expensive and time consuming to defend;
● result in negative publicity;
● force us to stop licensing our products that incorporate the challenged intellectual property;
● require us to redesign our products;
● divert management’s attention and our other resources; and/or
● require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements in order to obtain the right to use necessary technologies, which may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if

at all.

We  believe  that  any  successful  challenge  to  our  use  of  a  trademark  or  domain  name  could  substantially  diminish  our  ability  to  conduct  business  in  a  particular  market  or
jurisdiction and thus decrease our revenue and result in possible losses to our business.

Increasing government regulation could affect our business and may adversely affect our financial condition.

We are subject not only to regulations applicable to businesses generally, but also to laws and regulations directly applicable to electronic commerce. In addition, an inability to
satisfy the standards of certain voluntary third-party certification bodies that our customers may expect, such as an attestation of compliance with the Payment Card Industry
(“PCI”) Data Security Standards, may have an adverse impact on our business and results. Further, there are various statutes, regulations, and rulings relevant to the direct email
marketing  and  text-messaging  industries,  including  the  Telephone  Consumer  Protection Act  (“TCPA”),  the  CAN-SPAM Act  and  related  Federal  Communication  Commission
(“FCC”) orders. The interpretation of many of these statutes, regulations, and rulings is evolving in the courts and administrative agencies and an inability to comply may have an
adverse impact on our business and results. If in the future we are unable to achieve or maintain industry-specific certifications or other requirements or standards relevant to our
customers, it may harm our business and adversely affect our results.

We  may  also  expand  our  business  in  countries  that  have  more  stringent  data  protection  laws  than  those  in  the  United  States,  and  such  laws  may  be  inconsistent  across
jurisdictions and are subject to evolving and differing interpretations. In particular, the European Union has passed the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), which came
into force on May 25, 2018. The GDPR includes more stringent operational requirements for entities that receive or process personal data (as compared to U.S. privacy laws and
previous EU laws), along with significant penalties for non-compliance, more robust obligations on data processors and data controllers, greater rights for data subjects, and
heavier documentation requirements for data protection compliance programs. Additionally, both laws regulating privacy and third-party products purporting to address privacy
concerns could negatively affect the functionality of, and demand for, our products and services, thereby reducing our revenue.

General Risk Factors

Our revenue and quarterly results may fluctuate, which could adversely affect our stock price.

We have experienced, and may in the future experience, significant fluctuations in our quarterly operating results that may be caused by many factors. These factors include,
among others:

  ● changes in demand for our products;
  ● introduction, enhancement or announcement of products by us or our competitors;
  ● market acceptance of our new products;
  ● the growth rates of certain market segments in which we compete;
  ● size and timing of significant orders;
  ● budgeting cycles of customers;
  ● mix of products and services sold;
  ● changes in the level of operating expenses;
  ● completion or announcement of acquisitions; and
  ● general economic conditions in regions in which we conduct business.

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If we are unable to manage our future growth efficiently, our business, liquidity, revenues and profitability may suffer.

We anticipate that continued expansion of our core business will require us to address potential market opportunities. For example, we may need to expand the size of our research
and development, sales, corporate finance or operations staff. There can be no assurance that our infrastructure will be sufficiently flexible and adaptable to manage our projected
growth or that we will have sufficient resources, human or otherwise, to sustain such growth. If we are unable to adequately address these additional demands on our resources,
our profitability and growth might suffer. Also, if we continue to expand our operations, management might not be effective in expanding our physical facilities and our systems,
and our procedures or controls might not be adequate to support such expansion. Our inability to manage our growth could harm our business and decrease our revenues.

There may be a limited market for our common stock, which may make it more difficult for you to sell your stock and which may reduce the market price of our common
stock.

The average shares traded per day in fiscal 2023 was approximately 56,000 shares per day compared to approximately 286,000 for fiscal 2022, and 2,839,000 for fiscal 2021. Our
average trading volume of our common stock can be very sporadic and may impair the ability of holders of our common stock to sell their shares at the time they wish to sell them
or at a price that they consider reasonable. A low trading volume may also reduce the fair market value of the shares of our common stock. Accordingly, there can be no assurance
that the price of our common stock will reflect our actual value. There can be no assurance that the daily trading volume of our common stock will increase or improve.

The market price of our common stock is volatile, which could adversely affect your investment in our common stock.

The market price of our common stock is volatile and could fluctuate significantly for many reasons, including, without limitation: as a result of the risk factors listed in this Annual
Report on Form 10-K; actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; and general economic and industry conditions. During fiscal 2023, the closing price of our common
stock as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market fluctuated between $0.82 and $1.42. We are required to meet certain financial criteria in order to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq
Capital Market. One such requirement is that we maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share for our common stock. If we fail this requirement then Nasdaq will
issue a notice that we are not in compliance and we will need to take corrective actions in order to not be delisted. Such corrective actions could include a reverse stock split, which
may adversely affect the liquidity of our common stock. Additionally, there is no way to guarantee that such a measure, if implemented, would help us regain compliance with
Nasdaq's minimum bid price requirement or maintain compliance with its other listing rules.

We are dependent upon our management team and the loss of any of these individuals could harm our business.

We  are  dependent  on  the  efforts  of  our  key  management  personnel.  The  loss  of  any  of  our  key  management  personnel,  or  our  inability  to  recruit  and  train  additional  key
management and other personnel in a timely manner, could materially and adversely affect our business, operations and future prospects. We maintain a key man insurance policy
covering our Chief Executive Officer.

Our business can be impacted by geopolitical events, trade  and  other  international  disputes,  war,  terrorism,  natural  disasters,  public  health  issues,  and  other  business
interruptions.

Geopolitical  events,  trade  and  other  international  disputes,  war,  terrorism,  natural  disasters,  public  health  issues,  and  other  business  interruptions  can  adversely  impact
international commerce and the global economy, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, customers, employees, and partners.

Because competition for highly qualified personnel is intense, we might not be able to attract and retain the employees we need to support our planned growth.

We will need to increase the size and maintain the quality of our sales force, software development staff and professional services organization to execute our growth plans. To
meet our objectives, we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel with specialized skill sets. Competition for qualified personnel can be intense, and we might not be
successful in attracting and retaining them. Our ability to maintain and expand our sales, product development and professional services teams will depend on our ability to recruit,
train and retain top quality people with advanced skills who understand sales to, and the specific needs of, our target customers. For these reasons, we have experienced, and we
expect to again experience in the future, challenges in hiring and retaining highly skilled employees with appropriate qualifications for our business. In addition to hiring services
personnel to meet our needs, we may also engage additional third-party consultants as contractors, which could have a negative impact on our financial results. If we are unable to
hire or retain qualified personnel, or if newly hired personnel fail to develop the necessary skills or reach productivity slower than anticipated, it would be more difficult for us to
sell our products and services, and we could experience a shortfall in revenue and fail to achieve our planned growth.

Acquisitions may be difficult to integrate into our existing operations, may disrupt our business, dilute stockholder value, divert management’s attention, or negatively affect
our operating results.

We have acquired multiple businesses since our inception in 2000, including two in fiscal 2021. Acquisitions could involve substantial investment of funds or financings by
issuance of debt or equity securities and could result in one-time charges and expenses and have the potential to either dilute the interests of existing stockholders or result in the
issuance or assumption of debt. Any such acquisition may not be successful in generating revenues, income or other returns to us, and the resources committed to such activities
will not be available to us for other purposes. Moreover, if we are unable to access capital markets on acceptable terms or at all, we may not be able to consummate acquisitions, or
may have to do so based upon less than optimal capital structure. Our inability to take advantage of growth opportunities for our business or to address risks associated with
acquisitions  or  investments  in  businesses  may  negatively  affect  our  operating  results.  Additionally,  any  impairment  of  goodwill  or  other  intangible  assets  acquired  in  an
acquisition or in an investment, or charges to earnings associated with any acquisition or investment activity, may materially reduce our earnings which, in turn, may have a
material adverse effect on the price of our common stock.

12

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We have issued preferred stock with rights senior to our common stock, and may issue additional preferred stock in the future, in order to consummate a merger or other
transaction necessary to continue as a going concern.

Our  Certificate  of  Incorporation  authorizes  the  issuance  of  up  to  1,000,000  shares  of  preferred  stock,  par  value  $0.001  per  share,  without  stockholder  approval  and  on  terms
established by our board of directors, of which 264,000 shares have been designated as Series A Preferred, 5,000 shares have been designated as Series B Preferred, 11,000 shares
have been designated as Series C Preferred and 4,200 shares have been designated as Series D Preferred. We may issue additional shares of preferred stock in order to consummate
a financing or other transaction, in lieu of the issuance of common stock. The rights and preferences of any such class or series of preferred stock would be established by our
board of directors in its sole discretion and may have dividend, voting, liquidation and other rights and preferences that are senior to the rights of our common stock.

We have never paid dividends on our common stock and we do not anticipate paying dividends in the future.

We have never paid cash dividends and do not believe that we will pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the future. Since we have no plan to pay cash dividends, an
investor would only realize income from their investment in our shares if there is an increase in the market price of our common stock, which is uncertain and unpredictable.

We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delay or prevent a change of control. Together these provisions may make the removal of
management more difficult and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for our securities. Provisions
in our amended and restated bylaws and Delaware law may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors and officers.

Our amended and restated bylaws require that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders for breach of
fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any
interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provisions in our amended and restated bylaws.

This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other
employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our
amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which
could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

13

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

Not applicable.

Item 2. Properties.

The following table lists our office locations, all of which are leased:

Woburn, Massachusetts

Geographic Location

Woodbury, New York

Rosemont, Illinois

Atascadero, California

Ontario, Canada

Brussels, Belgium

Address
100 Sylvan Rd, Suite G-700
Woburn, MA 01801
150 Woodbury Road
Woodbury, NY 11797
5600 North River Rd, Suite 100
Rosemont, IL 60018
6225 Atascadero Ave
Atascadero, CA 93422
Perth Mews RO
Perth, ON K7H 3A0, Canada
Cours Saint Michel 30B
1040 Etterbeek
Brussels, Belgium

Description
Professional office space

Professional office space

Professional office space

Professional office space

PO Box

Professional office space

Professional office space is of varying size, ranging up to approximately 3,600 square feet.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

From time to time, we are subject to ordinary routine litigation and claims incidental to our business. We are not currently involved in any legal proceedings that we believe are
material.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

14

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART II

Item 5. Market for Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

Market Information

Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trading symbol “BLIN”.

Number of Stockholders

As of December 27, 2023, we had approximately 60 stockholders of record. Since many stockholders choose to hold their shares under the name of their brokerage firm, we estimate
that the actual number of stockholders was over 6,000. 

Dividend Policy

We have not declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not plan to pay cash dividends to our common stockholders in the near future.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds From Registered Securities

There were no sales of unregistered or registered equity securities during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.

Item 6. [Reserved].

Not applicable.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking
statements as a result of a variety of factors and risks, including the impact of any weakness in the U.S. and international economies on our business, our inability to manage
our future growth effectively or profitably, fluctuations in our revenue and quarterly results, our license renewal rate, the impact of competition and our ability to maintain
margins or market share, the limited market for our common stock, the ability to maintain our listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market, the volatility of the market price of our
common stock, the ability to raise capital, the performance of our products, our ability to respond to rapidly evolving technology and customer requirements, our ability to
protect our proprietary technology, the security of our software and response to cyber security risks, our ability to meet our financial obligations and commitments, our
dependence on our management team and key personnel, our ability to hire and retain future key personnel, our ability to maintain an effective system of internal controls, or
our ability to respond to government regulations. These and other risks are more fully described herein and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

This section should be read in combination with the accompanying audited consolidated financial statements and related notes prepared in accordance with United States
generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).

Overview

Bridgeline Digital is a marketing technology company that offers a suite of products that help companies grow online revenue and share information with customers, partners, and
employees.

All  of  Bridgeline’s  software  is  available  through  a  cloud-based  Software  as  a  Service  (“SaaS”)  model,  whose  flexible  architecture  provides  customers  hosting  and  support.
Additionally, Unbound and HawkSearch have the option to be available via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the software can reside on a dedicated
infrastructure either on premise at the customer’s facility, or manage-hosted by Bridgeline via a cloud-based, dedicated hosted services model.

Bridgeline's product offerings include: 

HawkSearch: a site search, recommendation, and personalization software application, built for marketers, merchandisers, and developers to enhance, normalize, and enrich an
online customer's content search and product discovery experience. 

Celebros Search: a commerce-oriented site search product that provides Natural Language Processing with artificial intelligence to present relevant search results based on long-
tail keyword searches.

Woorank: a Search Engine Optimization (“SEO”) audit tool that generates an instant performance audit of the site’s technical, on-page, and off-page SEO.

Unbound: a Digital Experience Platform that includes Web Content Management, eCommerce, Digital Marketing, and Web Analytics. 

TruPresence: a web content management and eCommerce platform that supports the needs of multi-unit organizations and franchises.

OrchestraCMS: the only content and digital experience platform built 100% native on Salesforce and helps customers create websites and intranets for their customers, partners,
and employees.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales and Marketing

Bridgeline employs a direct sales force, which focuses its efforts on selling to mid-sized and large companies. These companies are generally categorized in the following vertical
markets: 

● Associations and Foundations
● Banks and Credit Unions
● eCommerce Retailers
● Franchises & Enterprises
● Health Services and Life Sciences
● Industrial Distribution and Wholesale
● Manufacturers
● Technology

Each of the Bridgeline companies goes to market through two main types of partnerships. The first partner category includes platforms such as Adobe, BigCommerce, Optimizely,
Sitefinity, Shopify and others. The Bridgeline software often embeds directly into these platforms through connectors and SDK solutions that Bridgeline develops in concert with
each platform. The second category includes web-development agencies which typically have deep relationships with end-customers and have the technical expertise to implement
the Bridgeline software solutions according to client needs, platform requirements, and industry standards.

Goodwill and Intangible Asset Impairment

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $7.5 million.  There were no goodwill impairment charges recognized during
the year ended September 30, 2022.

Acquisitions

Bridgeline will continue to evaluate expanding its distribution of its suite of products and interactive development capabilities through acquisitions. We may make additional
acquisitions  in  the  foreseeable  future.  These  potential  acquisitions  will  be  consistent  with  our  growth  strategy  by  providing  Bridgeline  with  new  geographical  distribution
opportunities, an expanded customer base, an expanded sales force and an expanded developer force. In addition, integrating acquired companies into our existing operations
allows  us  to  consolidate  the  finance,  human  resources,  legal,  marketing,  and  research  and  development  of  the  acquired  businesses  with  our  own  internal  resources.  This
integration may reduce the aggregate of such expenses for the combined businesses and similarly improve operating results.

Customer Information

We currently have over 2,000 active customers. For the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, no customers exceeded 10% of the Company’s total revenue.

16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summary of Results of Operations

Total  revenue  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  September  30,  2023  (“fiscal  2023”)  decreased  to  $15.9  million  from  $16.8  million  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  September  30,  2022  (“fiscal
2022”). The loss from operations for fiscal 2023 was $9.9 million, compared with a loss from operations of $1.9 million for fiscal 2022. We had a net loss for fiscal 2023 of $9.4 million,
which included income of approximately $0.6 million as a result of the change in fair value of certain warrant liabilities, and a goodwill impairment charge of $7.5 million in fiscal
2023, compared with a net income of $2.1 million, which included income of approximately $3.7 million as a result of the change in fair value of certain warrant liabilities fiscal 2022.
Basic  net  loss  per  share  attributable  to  common  stockholders  for  fiscal  2023  was  $(0.91)  compared  with  the  equivalent  basic  net  income  per  share  attributable  to  common
stockholders of $0.21 for fiscal 2022. Diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for fiscal 2023 was $(0.91) compared with the equivalent diluted net income per
share attributable to common stockholders of $0.20 for fiscal 2022.

(in thousands)

Net Revenue

Subscription and perpetual licenses
Digital engagement services

Total net revenue

Cost of revenue

Subscription and perpetual licenses
Digital engagement services

Total cost of revenue
Gross profit

Operating expenses

Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Research and development
Depreciation and amortization
Goodwill impairment
Restructuring and acquisition related expenses

Total operating expenses

Loss from operations

Change in fair value of contingent consideration,
interest expense and other, net
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities

Income (loss) before income taxes

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Net (loss) income

Non-GAAP Measure:
Adjusted EBITDA

2023

12,742   
3,143   
15,885   

3,364   
1,650   
5,014   
10,871   

4,757   
3,173   
3,679   
1,528   
7,517   
132   
20,786   

(9,915)  

(189)  
575   
(9,529)  
(94)  

(9,435)  

(309)  

  $

  $

  $

Year Ended September 30,

    $

%

80%
20%

26%
52%
32%
68%

30%
20%
23%
10%
47%
1%

    $

     $

17

2022

13,560   
3,259   
16,819   

3,358   
1,759   
5,117   
11,702   

5,232   
3,387   
3,217   
1,599   
-   
164   
13,599   

(1,897)  

417   
3,655   
2,175   
30   

2,145   

196   

%

81%
19%

25%
54%
30%
70%

31%
20%
19%
10%
0%
1%

$
Change

%
Change

(818)  
(116)  
(934)  

6   
(109)  
(103)  
(831)  

(475)  
(214)  
462   
(71)  
7,517   
(32)  
7,187   

(6)%
(4)%
(6)%

0%
(6)%
(2)%
(7)%

(9)%
(6)%
14%
(4)%
N/A
(20)%
53%

(8,018)  

423%

(606)  
(3,080)  
(11,704)  
(124)  

(145)%
(84)%
(538)%
(413)%

(11,580)  

(540)%

(505)  

(258)%

    $

     $

     $

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
     
       
     
       
     
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
 
     
   
 
       
   
 
       
   
 
 
     
   
 
       
   
 
       
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
 
     
   
 
       
   
 
       
   
 
 
     
   
 
       
   
 
       
   
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
     
     
 
   
 
     
      
 
 
     
   
 
       
     
       
   
 
 
   
 
     
      
 
   
 
     
      
 
   
 
     
      
 
   
 
     
      
 
   
 
     
      
 
 
     
   
 
       
     
       
   
 
 
 
 
 
     
   
 
       
     
       
   
 
 
     
   
 
       
     
       
   
 
 
 
 
Revenue

Our revenue is derived from two sources: (i) Subscription and Perpetual licenses and (ii) Digital Engagement Services.

Subscription and Perpetual Licenses

Revenue from Subscription and perpetual licenses decreased $0.8 million, or 6%, to $12.7 million in fiscal 2023 from $13.6 million in fiscal 2022. The decrease compared to the prior
period included a reduction in revenue from a particular customer. Subscription and perpetual license revenue as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 80% in fiscal 2023 from
81% in fiscal 2022. 

Digital Engagement Services

Digital engagement services revenue is comprised of implementation and retainer-related services. Total revenue from digital engagement services of $3.1 million in fiscal 2023
decreased 4% from $3.3 million in fiscal 2022. Digital engagement services revenue as a percentage of total revenue increased to 20% in fiscal 2023 from 19% in fiscal 2022. 

Cost of Revenue

Total cost of revenue for fiscal 2023 of $5.0 million decreased $0.1 million, or 2% compared to the prior period. 

Cost of Subscription and Perpetual License

Cost of subscription and perpetual licenses of $3.4 million in fiscal 2023 increased slightly from fiscal 2022. The increase in cost of subscription and perpetual licenses in fiscal 2023
compared to fiscal 2022 is primarily due to higher costs to operate our cloud-based hosting model with Amazon Web Services, offset by a decrease in personnel costs. The cost of
subscription  and  perpetual  licenses  as  a  percentage  of  subscription  and  perpetual  license  revenue  increased  to  26%  in  fiscal  2023  from  25%  in  fiscal  2022.  These  increases
are primarily due to the overall decrease in subscription and perpetual license revenue.

Cost of Digital Engagement Services

Cost of digital engagement services decreased 6%, to $1.7 million in fiscal 2023 from $1.8 million in fiscal 2022. The cost of total digital engagement services as a percentage of total
digital engagement services revenue decreased to 52% in fiscal 2023 from 54% in fiscal 2022. These decreases are primarily due to the overall decrease in personnel costs. 

Gross Profit

Gross profit of $10.9 million decreased $0.8 million, or 7%, in fiscal 2023 compared to $11.7 million for fiscal 2022. The gross profit margin decreased to 68% for fiscal 2023 compared
to 70% for fiscal 2022. The decrease in the gross profit margin for fiscal 2023 compared to fiscal 2022 is primarily attributable to the decrease in the proportion of subscription and
perpetual license revenue, which is generally associated with higher margins, to digital engagement service revenue.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses of $4.8 million in fiscal 2023 decreased $0.5 million, or 9%, from $5.2 million in fiscal 2022. Sales and marketing expense as a percentage of total
revenue decreased to 30% in fiscal 2023 compared to 31% in fiscal 2022. The decrease compared to the prior period is primarily attributable to lower personnel costs and marketing
spend on leads and conferences.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses of $3.2 million in fiscal 2023 decreased $0.2 million, or 6%, from $3.4 million in fiscal 2022. General and administrative expense as a percentage of
revenue was 20% in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022. These decreases are primarily due to lower personnel costs.

Research and Development

Research and development expense of $3.7 million in fiscal 2023 increased $0.5 million, or 14%, from $3.2 million in fiscal 2022. Research and development expense as a percentage
of total revenue increased to 23% in fiscal 2023 compared to 19% for fiscal 2022. These increases compared to the prior period are primarily attributable to higher personnel costs.

18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense of $1.5 million in fiscal 2023 decreased by $0.1 million, or 4%, from $1.6 million in fiscal 2022. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of
total revenue remained consistent at 10% in fiscal 2023 and 2022. 

Goodwill Impairment

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $7.5 million. There were no goodwill impairment charges recognized during the
year ended September 30, 2022.

Restructuring and Acquisition Related Expenses

Restructuring and acquisition related expenses was $0.1 million in fiscal 2023, compared to $0.2 million in fiscal 2022. During fiscal 2023 expenses incurred were related to severance
and merger and acquisition costs and during fiscal 2022 expenses incurred were related to further acquisition integrations.

Loss from Operations

The loss from operations was $9.9 million for fiscal 2023 compared to a loss from operations of $1.9 million for fiscal 2022, a decrease of $8.0 million or 423%.

Change in fair value of contingent consideration, interest expense and other, net

The change in fair value of contingent consideration, interest expense and other, net, was $0.2 million of expense in fiscal 2023, which primarily consisted of non-recurring non-
operating costs, compared to $0.4 million of income in fiscal 2022, which primarily consisted of the change in fair value of contingent consideration. 

Change in fair value of warrant liabilities

The Company recognized a gain related to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $0.6 million for fiscal 2023, and a gain related to the change in fair value of warrant
liabilities of $3.7 million for fiscal 2022. 

Provision for Income Taxes 

The provision for (benefit from) income taxes was ($94) thousand for fiscal 2023 and $30 thousand for fiscal 2022. Income tax expense consists of estimated liability for federal and
state income taxes owed by the Company. Net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards are estimated to be sufficient to offset any potential taxable income for all periods presented.
A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company maintains a valuation allowance
against its net deferred tax assets. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had a valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets of $10.8 million and $10.5 million,
respectively.

The Federal NOL carryforward is approximately $37.3 million as of September 30, 2023 of which $29.6 million is subject to the 20-year carryforward and expire on various dates
through  2038.  The  remaining  federal  NOL  carryforward  of  $7.7  million  is  indefinite.  Net  operating  losses  incurred  after  December  31,  2017  carry  forward  indefinitely.  Internal
Revenue Code Section 382 places certain limitations on the amount of taxable income that can be offset by NOL carryforwards after a change in control of a loss corporation.
Generally, after a change in control, a loss corporation cannot deduct NOL carryforwards in excess of the Section 382 limitation. Due to these “change of ownership” provisions,
utilization of NOL carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation on utilization against taxable income in future periods. The Company has not performed a Section 382
analysis. However, if performed, Section 382 may be found to limit potential future utilization of our NOL carryforwards. The Company also has approximately $45.4 million in state
NOLs which expire on various dates through 2041.

The acquisition of HawkSearch during the third quarter of fiscal 2021 resulted in the recognition of deferred tax liabilities of approximately $1.2 million related to intangible assets.
Prior to the business combination, the Company had a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets. The deferred tax liabilities generated from the business combination
netted against the Company’s pre-existing deferred tax assets. Consequently, the impact of such resulted in the release of $1.2 million of the pre-existing valuation allowance
against the deferred tax assets and corresponding deferred tax benefit recognized during fiscal 2021.

We recognize deferred tax assets for stock-based awards that result in deductions on our income tax returns, based on the amount of stock-based compensation recognized and
the statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which we will receive a tax deduction.

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA

We also measure our performance based on a non-GAAP (“Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”) measurement of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization,
stock-based compensation expense, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, non-cash warrant related income/expense, other income and expenses, change in fair value of
derivative instruments, change in fair value of contingent consideration, and restructuring and acquisition related charges (“Adjusted EBITDA”).

We believe this non-GAAP financial measure of Adjusted EBITDA is useful to management and investors in evaluating our operating performance for the periods presented and
provides a tool for evaluating our ongoing operations.

Adjusted EBITDA, however, is not a measure of operating performance under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and should
not be considered as an alternative or substitute for  U.S.  GAAP profitability measures such as (i) income from operations and net income, or (ii) cash flows from operating,
investing and financing activities, both as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA as an operating performance measure has material limitations because it
excludes the financial statement impact of income taxes, net interest expense, amortization of intangibles, depreciation, goodwill impairment, restructuring charges, acquisition
related expenses, loss on disposal of assets, other amortization, changes in fair value of warrant liabilities, changes in fair value of contingent consideration and stock-based
compensation, and therefore does not represent an accurate measure of profitability. As a result, Adjusted EBITDA should be evaluated in conjunction with net income (loss) for a
complete  analysis  of  our  profitability,  as  net  income  (loss)  includes  the  financial  statement  impact  of  these  items  and  is  the  most  directly  comparable  U.S.  GAAP  operating
performance measure to Adjusted EBITDA. Our definition of Adjusted EBITDA may also differ from and therefore may not be comparable with similarly titled measures used by
other companies, thereby limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.  Because of the limitations that Adjusted  EBITDA has as an analytical tool, investors should not
consider it in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our operating results as reported under U.S. GAAP.

The following table reconciles net income (loss) (which is the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP operating performance measure) to Adjusted EBITDA:

Net income (loss)
Provision for income tax
Change in fair value of contingent consideration, interest expense and other, net
Change in fair value of warrants
Amortization of intangible assets
Depreciation and other amortization
Goodwill impairment
Restructuring and acquisition related charges
Stock-based compensation
Adjusted EBITDA

20

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

(9,435)   $
(94)    
189     
(575)    
1,378     
177     
7,517     
132     
402     
(309)   $

2,145 
30 
(417)
(3,655)
1,487 
121 
- 
164 
321 
196 

  $

  $

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $0.3 million during fiscal 2023 compared to cash used in operating activities of $0.1 million during fiscal 2022. The change in cash used in
operating activities compared to the prior period was primarily due to a decrease in net earnings and changes in non-cash items, including changes in fair value of warrant liabilities
and goodwill impairment, and changes to accounts payable and accrued liabilities as well as deferred revenue.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $25 thousand during fiscal 2023 compared to cash used in investing activities of $0.2 million during fiscal 2022. Cash used in investing
activities during fiscal 2023 related primarily to purchases of property and equipment.  Cash used in investing activities during fiscal 2022 was primarily related to capitalized
software development costs and purchases of property and equipment.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $0.6 million during fiscal 2023 compared with $5.5 million during fiscal 2022. Cash used in financing activities during both fiscal 2023 and fiscal
2022 was primarily related to payments of long-term debt and deferred purchase price and contingent consideration payments related to acquisitions completed during fiscal 2021.

Capital Resources and Liquidity Outlook

The Company has historically incurred operating losses and used cash on hand and from financing activities to fund operations as well as develop new products. The Company
believes that future revenues and cash flows will supplement its working capital and it has an appropriate cost structure to support future revenue growth.

The Company may offer and sell, from time to time, in one or more offerings, up to $50 million of its debt or equity securities, or any combination thereof. Such securities offerings
may be made pursuant to the Company’s currently effective registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-262764), which was initially filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on February 16, 2022 and declared effective on March 4, 2022 (the “Shelf Registration”). A complete description of the types of securities that the Company may sell is
described in the  Preliminary  Prospectus contained in the  Shelf  Registration. As of the date of the filing of this  Quarterly  Report, there are no active offerings for the sale or
obligations to purchase any of the Company’s securities pursuant to the Shelf Registration. There can be no assurances that the Company will offer any securities for sale or that if
the Company does offer any securities that it will be successful in selling any portion of the securities offered on a timely basis if at all, or on terms acceptable to us. Further, our
ability to offer or sell such securities may be limited by rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At this time, the Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, financings or other relationships with unconsolidated entities or other persons, other than our
operating leases.

Contractual Obligations

We lease all of our office locations. The gross obligations for operating leases and subleases is $0.4 million of which $0.2 million is expected in the next twelve months. Debt
payments on the Company’s various debt obligations total $0.7 million of which $0.3 million is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

These critical accounting policies and estimates by our management should be read in conjunction with Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the Consolidated
Financial Statements that were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses in the reporting periods. We regularly make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. The most significant estimates included in our consolidated financial statements are the valuation of accounts receivable and
long-term  assets,  including  intangibles,  goodwill  and  deferred  tax  assets,  stock-based  compensation,  amounts  of  revenue  to  be  recognized  on  service  contracts  in  progress,
unbilled  receivables,  and  deferred  revenue.  We  base  our  estimates  and  assumptions  on  current  facts,  historical  experience  and  various  other  factors  that  we  believe  to  be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and
expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are
material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.

We consider the following accounting policies to be both those most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and those that require the most subjective judgment:

● Revenue recognition;
● Allowance for doubtful accounts;
● Accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets;
● Accounting for business combinations;
● Accounting for common stock purchase warrants; and
● Accounting for stock-based compensation.

Revenue Recognition

Overview

The  Company derives its revenue from two sources: (i)  Subscription and  Perpetual  Licenses, which are comprised of software subscription fees (“SaaS”), perpetual software
licenses,  and  maintenance  for  post-customer  support  (“PCS”)  on  perpetual  licenses,  and  (ii)  Digital  Engagement  Services,  which  are  professional  services  to  implement  our
products such as web development, digital strategy, information architecture and usability engineering search. Customers who license the software on a subscription basis, which
can be described as “Software as a Service” or “SaaS”, do not take possession of the software.

Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled
to in exchange for those services. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, for example, overage fees, contingent fees or service level penalties, the
Company includes an estimate of the amount it expects to receive for the total transaction price if it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not
occur. The Company’s subscription service arrangements are non-cancelable and do not contain refund-type provisions. Revenue is reported net of applicable sales and use tax.

The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers using a five-step model, which is described below:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Identify the customer contract;
Identify performance obligations that are distinct;
Determine the transaction price;
Allocate the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations; and
Recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied.

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.

2.

Identify the customer contract - A customer contract is generally identified when there is approval and commitment from both the Company and its customer, the rights have
been identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability and consideration is probable.

Identify performance obligations that are distinct - A performance obligation is a promise to provide a distinct good or service or a series of distinct goods or services. A good
or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are readily
available to the customer, and the Company’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

3. Determine the transaction price - The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or

services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies.

4. Allocate the transaction price to distinct performance obligations - The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling
prices (“SSP”) of the goods or services being provided to the customer. The Company determines the SSP of its goods and services based upon the historical average sales
prices for each type of software license and professional services sold.

5. Recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied - Revenue is recognized when or as control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers.
Revenue from SaaS licenses is recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the license is made available to customers. Most subscription contracts
are three-year terms. Customers who license the software on a perpetual basis receive rights to use the software for an indefinite time period and an option to purchase post-
customer support (“PCS”). PCS revenue is recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the period of performance and the perpetual license is recognized upon delivery.
The Company also offers hosting services for those customers who purchase a perpetual license and do not want to run the software in their environment. Revenue from
hosting is recognized ratably over the service period, ranging from one to three-year terms. The Company recognizes revenue from professional services as the services are
provided.

Customer Payment Terms

Payment terms with customers typically require payment 30 days from invoice date. Payment terms may vary by customer but generally do not exceed 45 days from invoice date.
Invoicing for digital engagement services are either monthly or upon achievement of milestones and payment terms for such billings are within the standard terms described above.
Invoices for subscriptions and hosting are typically issued monthly and are generally due in the month of service. The Company’s subscription and hosting agreements provide
for refunds when service is interrupted for an extended period of time and are reserved for in the month in which they occur, if necessary.

Our digital engagement services agreements with customers do not provide for any refunds for services or products and therefore no specific reserve for such is maintained. In the
infrequent instances where customers raise a concern over delivered products or services, we have endeavored to remedy the concern and all costs related to such matters have
been insignificant in all periods presented.

Warranty

Certain arrangements include a warranty period, which is generally 30 days from the completion of work. In hosting arrangements, we provide warranties of up-time reliability. We
continue to monitor the conditions that are subject to the warranties to identify if a warranty claim may arise. If we determine that a warranty claim is probable, then any related cost
to satisfy the warranty obligation is estimated and accrued. Warranty claims to date have been immaterial.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts which represents estimated losses resulting from the inability, failure or refusal of our clients to make required payments.

We analyze historical percentages of uncollectible accounts and changes in payment history when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.  We use
an internal collection effort, which may include our sales and services groups as we deem appropriate. Although we believe that our allowances are adequate, if the financial
condition of our clients deteriorates, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, or if we underestimate the allowances required, additional allowances may be
necessary, resulting in increased expense in the period in which such determination is made.

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounting for Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill  is  tested  for  impairment  annually  during  the  fourth  quarter  of  every  fiscal  year  and  more  frequently  if  events  and  circumstances  indicate  that  the  asset  might  be
impaired. The purpose of an impairment test is to identify any potential impairment by comparing the carrying value of a reporting unit including goodwill to its fair value. An
impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total
amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

Factors that could lead to a future impairment include material uncertainties such as operational, economic and competitive factors specific to the key assumptions underlying the
fair value estimate we use in our impairment testing that have a reasonable possibility of changing. This could include a significant reduction in projected revenues, a deterioration
of projected financial performance, future acquisitions and/or mergers, and a decline in our market value as a result of a significant decline in our stock price.

Accounting for Business Combinations

The  Company allocates the amount it pays for each acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the date of acquisition, including
identifiable intangible assets which arise from a contractual or legal right or are separable from goodwill. The Company bases the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired
in a business combination on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions provided by management, which consider management’s best estimates of inputs and
assumptions that a market participant would use. The Company allocates any excess purchase price that exceeds the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets
acquired to goodwill. The use of alternative valuation assumptions, including estimated growth rates, cash flows and discounts rates and estimated useful lives could result in
different purchase price allocations and amortization expense in current and future periods. Transaction costs associated with these acquisitions are expensed as incurred through
general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of operations. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement,
the Company recognizes a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments expected to be made as of the acquisition date. The Company re-measures this liability each
reporting period and recognizes changes in the fair value through income (loss) before income taxes within the consolidated statements of operations.

Accounting for Common Stock Purchase Warrants

The Company evaluates common stock warrants as they are issued to determine whether they should be classified as an equity instrument or a liability. Those warrants that are
classified as a liability are carried at fair value at each reporting period, with changes in their fair value recognized in change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the consolidated
statements of operations. The fair value of the Company’s warrant liabilities are valued utilizing Level 3 inputs. Warrant liabilities are valued using a Monte Carlo option-pricing
model, which takes into consideration the volatilities of comparable public companies, due to the relatively low trading volume of the Company’s common stock. The Monte Carlo
option-pricing model uses certain assumptions, including expected life and annual volatility.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

At  September  30,  2023,  we  maintained  two  stock-based  compensation  plans,  one  of  which  has  expired  but  still  contains  vested  stock  options.  The  two  plans  are  more  fully
described in Note 12 – Stockholders’ Equity of these consolidated financial statements.

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. Share-based payments (to the extent they are
compensatory) are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations based on their fair values. 

We recognize stock-based compensation expense for share-based payments issued that are expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award, which is
generally three years. In determining whether an award is expected to vest, we use an estimated, forward-looking forfeiture rate based upon our historical forfeiture rate and reduce
the expense over the recognition period.  Estimated forfeiture rates are updated for actual forfeitures quarterly.  We also consider, each quarter, whether there have been any
significant changes in facts and circumstances that would affect our forfeiture rate. Although we estimate forfeitures based on historical experience, actual forfeitures in the future
may differ. In addition, to the extent our actual forfeitures are different than our estimates, we recognize a true-up for the difference in the period that the awards vest, and such
true-ups could materially affect our operating results.

We estimate the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model. The fair value of an award is affected by our stock price on the date of grant as
well as other assumptions, including the estimated volatility of our stock price over the term of the awards and the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their
stock options.  The risk-free interest rate assumption we use is based upon  United  States  Treasury interest rates appropriate for the expected life of the awards.  We use the
historical volatility of our publicly traded options in order to estimate future stock price trends. In order to determine the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold
their stock options, we use historical trends of employee turnovers. Our expected dividend rate is zero since we do not currently pay cash dividends on our common stock and do
not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future. The aforementioned inputs entered into the option valuation model we use to fair value our stock awards are subjective estimates
and changes to these estimates will cause the fair value of our stock awards and related stock-based compensation expense we recognize to vary.

We recognize deferred tax assets for stock-based awards that result in deductions on our income tax returns, based on the amount of stock-based compensation recognized and
the statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which we will receive a tax deduction.

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not required.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss) for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

25

Page

26
28
29
30
31
32
33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Bridgeline Digital, Inc.

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the related
consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income/(loss), stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended September 30, 2023, and
the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the
financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended September
30, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission
and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of
its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be
communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as
a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which
they relate.

Valuation of Goodwill and Intangible Assets

As described in Notes 6 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the carrying values of the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, was
$8.5 million and $4.9 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2023.

The carrying value of goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment annually as of September 30, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount of a reporting unit may not be recoverable. Goodwill is assessed at the consolidated level as one reporting unit. The Company periodically reviews its long-lived
assets, which includes its finite-lived intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may exceed their
fair value. During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, due to macro-economic conditions and a sustained decline in the Company's market capitalization, management determined
a quantitative impairment test should be performed. Therefore management, with the assistance of an independent valuation expert, performed a quantitative test of impairment on
goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets as of September 30, 2023. As a result, based on the quantitative assessment performed, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment
charge of $7.5 million during the year ended September 30, 2023, and concluded that its finite-lived intangible assets were not impaired.

Given the determination of the fair value of goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets required significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the
consolidated reporting unit and estimating the recoverability of the asset group, performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of these estimates and assumptions
required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, and including the need to involve professionals in our firm having the expertise in the valuation of
long-lived assets.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements.
These procedures included:

● obtaining an independent third-party valuation report to gain an understanding of management’s key assumptions used in determining the fair value of goodwill and

finite-lived intangible assets.

● evaluating the mathematical accuracy of the calculations including the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the models.
● evaluating the reasonableness of significant assumptions used by management related to growth rates, including management’s ability to accurately forecast future

revenue and cash flows by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts and evidence obtained in other areas of the audit.

● using professionals with specialized skills and knowledge to assist in evaluating the appropriateness of the Company’s undiscounted and discounted cash flow

models including key assumptions used by management.

● assessing the appropriateness of the disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

Warrant Liabilities

As described in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company classifies warrants on its Series A, C and D convertible preferred stock as liabilities that are subject
to re-measurement on a quarterly basis. Management, with the assistance of an independent valuation expert, estimates the fair value of the warrant liabilities using the Monte
Carlo option-pricing model, which takes into consideration the volatilities of the Company and comparable public companies.

Given the determination of the fair value of warrant liabilities requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions regarding the relevant valuation calculations,
performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of these estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort,
including the need to involve professionals in our firm having the expertise in the valuation of financial instruments.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements.
These procedures included:

● evaluating management’s assessment and accounting analysis as to the classification of warrant liabilities.
● obtaining  independent  third-party  valuation  reports  to  gain  an  understanding  of  management’s  key  assumptions  used  in  determining  the  fair  value  of  warrant

liabilities.

● with the assistance of our valuation specialists, evaluating the methodologies and key assumptions used by management to assess the Company’s fair value of

warrant liabilities, including assessing the reasonableness of the source information underlying the valuation assumptions.

● performing independent shadow calculations to test the reasonableness of the fair values for warrant liabilities concluded on by the Company’s specialist.
● assessing the appropriateness of the disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

/s/ PKF O'Connor Davies, LLP

New York, New York
December 27, 2023

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2021.

PCAOB ID No. 127

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

As of September 30,

2023

2022

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets
Property and equipment, net
Operating lease assets
Intangible assets, net
Goodwill, net
Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Current portion of long-term debt
Current portion of operating lease liabilities
Accounts payable
Accrued liabilities
Purchase price and contingent consideration payable, current portion
Deferred revenue

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of current portion
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion
Warrant liabilities
Other long-term liabilities
Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock - $0.001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized;

Series C Convertible Preferred stock: 11,000 shares authorized; 350 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023

and 2022

Series D Convertible Preferred stock: 4,200 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023

and 2022

Common stock - $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 10,417,609 shares issued and outstanding at September 30,

2023 and September 30, 2022

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated deficit
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $

  $

  $

  $

2,377    $
1,004     
278     
3,659     
151     
390     
4,890     
8,468     
73     
17,631    $

267    $
148     
1,255     
995     
-     
2,084     
4,749     

435     
241     
174     
572     
6,171     

-     

-     

10     
101,275     
(89,577)    
(248)    
11,460     
17,631    $

2,856 
1,182 
242 
4,280 
268 
589 
6,268 
15,985 
123 
27,513 

429 
199 
972 
995 
250 
1,943 
4,788 

588 
390 
749 
646 
7,161 

- 

- 

10 
100,704 
(80,142)
(220)
20,352 
27,513 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Years Ended September 30,

2023

2022

Net revenue:

Subscription and perpetual licenses
Digital engagement services

Total net revenue

Cost of revenue:

Subscription and perpetual licenses
Digital engagement services
Total cost of revenue

Gross profit

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Research and development
Depreciation and amortization
Goodwill impairment
Restructuring and acquisition related expenses

Total operating expenses

Loss from operations

Interest (income) expense and other, net
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities

Income (loss) before income taxes
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

Net (loss) income

Net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders:

Basic
Diluted

Number of weighted average shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

  $

  $

  $
  $

12,742    $
3,143     
15,885     

3,364     
1,650     
5,014     
10,871     

4,757     
3,173     
3,679     
1,528     
7,517     
132     
20,786     

(9,915)    
(189)    
575     
(9,529)    
(94)    

(9,435)   $

(0.91)   $
(0.91)   $

13,560 
3,259 
16,819 

3,358 
1,759 
5,117 
11,702 

5,232 
3,387 
3,217 
1,599 
- 
164 
13,599 

(1,897)
417 
3,655 
2,175 
30 

2,145 

0.21 
0.20 

10,417,609     
10,424,187     

10,232,862 
10,366,907 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
   
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
 
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
   
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)
(in thousands)

Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss):

Net change in foreign currency translation adjustment

Comprehensive income (loss)

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

  $

  $

(9,435)   $

(28)    
(9,463)   $

2,145 

133 
2,278 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
   
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands, except share data)

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

Shares

Amount

350    $
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
350    $
-     
-     
-     
350    $

Shares
-      10,187,128    $
-     
-     

Amount

-     
13,333     
-     
17,148     
-     
200,000     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-      10,417,609    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
-      10,417,609    $

    Additional      
Paid-in
Capital

    Accumulated      
Other
    Accumulated    Comprehensive    Stockholders’ 
Loss

Deficit

Equity

Total

10    $
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
10    $
-     
-     
-     
10    $

100,207    $
478     

(82,287)   $
-     

19     
-     
-     
-     
-     
100,704    $
571     
-     
-     
101,275    $

-     
-     
-     
2,145     
-     
(80,142)   $
-     
(9,435)    
-     
(89,577)   $

(353)   $
-     

-     
-     
-     
-     
133     
(220)   $
-     
-     
(28)    
(248)   $

17,577 
478 

19 
- 
- 
2,145 
133 
20,352 
571 
(9,435)
(28)
11,460 

Balance at September 30, 2021

Stock-based compensation expense
Issuance of common stock – stock options

exercised

Issuance of common stock – warrants exercised    
Issuance of restricted common stock
Net income
Foreign currency translation
Balance at September 30, 2022

Stock-based compensation expense
Net loss
Foreign currency translation
Balance at September 30, 2023

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

  $

(9,435)   $

Amortization of intangible assets
Depreciation and other amortization
Change in fair value of contingent consideration
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities
Stock-based compensation
Deferred income taxes
Goodwill impairment

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

Accounts receivable
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Deferred revenue
Other liabilities

Total adjustments
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment
Software development capitalization costs
Net cash (used in) investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments of long-term debt
Payments of contingent consideration and deferred cash payable
Proceeds from stock option and warrant exercises

Net cash (used in) financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

Cash paid for:
Interest
Income taxes

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new operating lease liability

1,378     
177     
-     
(575)    
571     
(63)    
7,517     

184     
(39)    
33     
264     
194     
71     
9,712     
277     

(25)    
-     
(25)    

(399)    
(250)    
-     
(649)    
(82)    
(479)    
2,856     
2,377    $

51    $
50    $

-    $

  $

  $
  $

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

32

2,145 

1,487 
121 
(631)
(3,655)
478 
(45)
- 

159 
(20)
- 
87 
(223)
(37)
(2,279)
(134)

(117)
(78)
(195)

(611)
(4,891)
19 
(5,483)
(184)
(5,996)
8,852 
2,856 

38 
31 

282 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
       
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

1. Description of Business

Overview

Bridgeline Digital is a marketing technology company that offers a suite of products that help companies grow online revenue by driving more traffic to their websites, converting
more visitors to purchasers, and increasing average order value.

All  of  Bridgeline’s  software  is  available  through  a  cloud-based  Software  as  a  Service  (“SaaS”)  model,  whose  flexible  architecture  provides  customers  hosting  and  support.
Additionally, Unbound and HawkSearch have the option to be available via a traditional perpetual licensing business model, in which the software can reside on a dedicated
infrastructure either on premise at the customer’s facility, or manage-hosted by Bridgeline via a cloud-based, dedicated hosted services model.

Bridgeline's product offerings include: 

HawkSearch: a site search, recommendation, and personalization software application, built for marketers, merchandisers, and developers to enhance, normalize, and enrich an
online customer's content search and product discovery experience. 

Celebros Search: a commerce-oriented site search product that provides Natural Language Processing with artificial intelligence to present relevant search results based on long-
tail keyword searches.

Woorank: a Search Engine Optimization (“SEO”) audit tool that generates an instant performance audit of the site’s technical, on-page, and off-page SEO.

Unbound: a Digital Experience Platform that includes Web Content Management, eCommerce, Digital Marketing, and Web Analytics. 

TruPresence: a web content management and eCommerce platform that supports the needs of multi-unit organizations and franchises.

OrchestraCMS: the only content and digital experience platform built 100% native on Salesforce and helps customers create websites and intranets for their customers, partners,
and employees.

Bridgeline Digital was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 28, 2000.

Locations

The  Company’s  corporate  headquarters  is  located  in  Woburn,  Massachusetts.  The  Company  maintains  regional  field  offices  serving  the  following  geographical  locations:
Woodbury, New York; Rosemont, Illinois; Atascadero, California; Ontario, Canada; and Brussels, Belgium.

The Company has four wholly-owned subsidiaries: Bridgeline Digital Pvt. Ltd., located in Bangalore, India; Bridgeline Digital Canada, Inc., located in Ontario, Canada; Hawk Search
Inc. located in Rosemont, Illinois and Bridgeline Digital Belgium BV, located in Brussels, Belgium.

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s fiscal year end is September 30th. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant
inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make certain
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. The most significant estimates included in these consolidated financial statements are the valuation of
accounts receivable, including the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of long-lived assets, recognition and measurement of deferred revenues, fair value
of contingent consideration and fair value measurements related to the valuation of warrants. The complexity of the estimation process and factors relating to assumptions, risks
and uncertainties inherent with the use of the estimates affect the amount of revenue and related expenses reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Internal
and external factors can affect the Company’s estimates. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

The Company’s cash is maintained with what management believes to be high-credit quality financial institutions. At times, deposits held at these banks  may exceed the insured
limits. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s deposits are financially sound and have minimal credit risk. Risks associated with cash and
cash equivalents are mitigated by the Company’s investment policy, which limits the Company’s investing of excess cash into only money market mutual funds.

Concentration of Credit Risk, Significant Customers, and Off-Balance Sheet Risk

Financial instruments which potentially expose the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, and accounts receivable.

The Company extends credit to customers on an unsecured basis in the normal course of business. Management performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial
condition and limits the amount of credit when deemed necessary. Accounts receivable are carried at original invoice amount, less an estimate for doubtful accounts based on a
review of all outstanding amounts.

The Company has no off-balance sheets risks such as foreign exchange contracts, interest rate swaps, option contracts or other foreign hedging agreements.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. For all customers, the
Company recognizes allowances for doubtful accounts based on the length of time that the receivables are past due, current business environment and its historical experience. If
the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate, resulting in impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

Revenue Recognition

The  Company  derives  its  revenue  from two sources: (i)  Subscription and  Perpetual  Licenses, which are comprised of software subscription fees (“SaaS”), perpetual software
licenses,  and  maintenance  for  post-customer  support  (“PCS”)  on  perpetual  licenses,  and  (ii)  Digital  Engagement  Services,  which  are  professional  services  to  implement  our
products such as web development, digital strategy, information architecture and usability engineering search. Customers who license the software on a subscription basis, which
can be described as “Software as a Service” or “SaaS,” do not take possession of the software.

Revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled
to in exchange for those services. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, for example, overage fees, contingent fees or service level penalties, the
Company includes an estimate of the amount it expects to receive for the total transaction price if it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not
occur. The Company’s subscription service arrangements are non-cancelable and do not contain refund-type provisions. Revenue is reported net of applicable sales and use tax.

The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers using a five-step model, which is described below:

Identify the customer contract;
Identify performance obligations that are distinct;

1.
2.
3. Determine the transaction price;
4. Allocate the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations; and
5. Recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

1.

2.

Identify the customer contract - A customer contract is generally identified when there is approval and commitment from both the Company and its customer, the rights
have been identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability and consideration is probable.

Identify performance obligations that are distinct - A performance obligation is a promise to provide a distinct good or service or a series of distinct goods or services. A
good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources that are
readily available to the customer, and the Company’s promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

3. Determine the transaction price - The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or

services to a customer, excluding sales taxes that are collected on behalf of government agencies.

4. Allocate the transaction price to distinct performance obligations - The transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone
selling prices (“SSP”) of the goods or services being provided to the customer. The Company determines the SSP of its goods and services based upon the historical
average sales prices for each type of software license and professional services sold.

5. Recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied - Revenue is recognized when or as control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers.
Revenue from  SaaS licenses is recognized ratably over the subscription period beginning on the date the license is made available to customers.  Most subscription
contracts are three-year terms. Customers who license the software on a perpetual basis receive rights to use the software for an indefinite time period and an option to
purchase  post-customer  support  (“PCS”).  PCS  revenue  is  recognized  ratably  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  period  of  performance  and  the  perpetual  license  is
recognized upon delivery. The Company also offers hosting services for those customers who purchase a perpetual license and do not want to run the software in their
environment.  Revenue  from  hosting  is  recognized  ratably  over  the  service  period,  ranging  from one  to three-year  terms.  The  Company  recognizes  revenue  from
professional services as the services are provided.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company provides disaggregation of revenue based on geography and product groupings (see Note 15) as it believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

Customer Payment Terms

Payment  terms  with  customers  typically  require  payment 30  days  from  invoice  date.  Payment  terms may vary  by  customer  but  generally  do not  exceed 45  days  from  invoice
date. Invoicing for digital engagement services is either monthly or upon achievement of milestones and payment terms for such billings are within the standard terms described
above. Invoices for subscriptions and hosting are typically issued monthly and are generally due in the month of service.

Warranty

Certain arrangements include a warranty period, which is generally 30 days from the completion of work. In hosting arrangements, the Company provides warranties of up-time
reliability. The Company continues to monitor the conditions that are subject to the warranties to identify if a warranty claim may arise. If it is determined that a warranty claim is
probable, then any related cost to satisfy the warranty obligation is estimated and accrued. Warranty claims to date have been immaterial.

Property and Equipment

The components of property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-
line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets (three to five years). Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the
estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

Internal-Use Software

Costs incurred in the preliminary stages of development were expensed as incurred. Once an application had reached the development stage, internal and external costs, if direct
and incremental, were capitalized until the software was substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Capitalization ceased upon completion of all substantial testing. The
Company also capitalized costs related to specific upgrades and enhancements when it was probable that the expenditures would result in additional functionality. Capitalized
costs were recognized as part of equipment and improvements. Training costs were expensed as incurred. Internal use software was amortized on a straight-line basis over its
estimated useful life, generally three years.

Implementation costs incurred in cloud-computing arrangements that are a service contract are capitalized and amortized over the life of the arrangement.

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Research and Development and Software Development Costs

Costs  for  research  and  development  of  a  software  product  to  sell,  lease  or  otherwise  market  are  charged  to  operations  as  incurred  until  technological  feasibility  has  been
established.  Once  technological  feasibility  has  been  established,  certain  software  development  costs  incurred  during  the  application  development  stage  are  eligible  for
capitalization. Based on the Company’s software product development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model.

Software development costs that are capitalized are amortized to cost of sales over the estimated useful life of the software, typically three years. Capitalization ceases when a
product is available for general release to customers. Capitalization costs are included in other assets in the consolidated financial statements. The Company did not incur any
development costs during fiscal 2023 and incurred $0.1 of development costs in fiscal 2022.

Intangible Assets

All intangible assets have finite lives and are stated at cost, net of amortization. Amortization is computed over the estimated useful life of the related assets on a straight-line
method as follows:

Description

Technology
Customer related
Domain and trade names

Estimated
Useful Life (in
years)

3 - 5 
3 - 10 
1 - 15 

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in each business combination. Goodwill is not amortized, but it is subject to an
annual assessment for impairment, which the Company performs during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change such that it is more likely
than not that an impairment  may exist. Goodwill is assessed at the consolidated level as one reporting unit.

In applying the goodwill impairment test, the Company has the option to perform a qualitative test (also known as “Step 0”) or a quantitative test (“Step 1”). Under the Step 0 test,
the  Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. Qualitative
factors   may include, but are not limited to, economic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance of the reporting unit and other
entity and reporting unit specific events. If after assessing these qualitative factors, the Company determines it is “more-likely-than-not” that the fair value of the reporting unit is
less than the carrying value, then performing the Step 1 quantitative test is necessary.

Step 1 of the quantitative test requires comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit to the respective carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit is less than the
fair value, no impairment exists. Otherwise, the Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair
value up to the amount of goodwill. 

The Company generally estimates the fair value using a weighting of the income and market approaches. The Company uses industry accepted valuation models. Under the income
approach, the Company uses a discounted cash flow methodology which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted revenues,
gross profit margins, operating income margins, working capital cash flow, perpetual growth rates, and long-term discount rates, among others.  For the market approach, the
Company uses the guideline public company method. Under this method, the Company utilizes information from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and
investment characteristics as the reporting unit, to create valuation multiples that are applied to the operating performance of the reporting unit being tested, in order to obtain their
respective fair values. The Company also reconciles the aggregate fair values of its reporting unit to its current market capitalization, allowing for a reasonable control premium. See
Note 6.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Valuation of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically reviews its long-lived assets, which consist primarily of property and equipment and intangible assets with finite lives, for impairment whenever events
or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  amount  of  such  assets may exceed  their  fair  value.  Recoverability  of  these  assets  is  assessed  using  a  number  of  factors,
including operating results, business plans, budgets, economic projections and undiscounted cash flows.

In addition, the Company’s evaluation considers non-financial data such as market trends, product development cycles and changes in management’s market emphasis. For the
definite-lived intangible asset impairment review, the carrying value of the intangible assets is compared against the estimated undiscounted cash flows to be generated over the
remaining life of the intangible assets. To the extent that the undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying value, the fair value of the asset is determined. If such fair
value is less than the current carrying value, the asset is written down to the estimated fair value.  There were no impairments of long-lived assets, other than impairment of
goodwill, in fiscal 2023 or 2022.

Business Combinations

The  Company allocates the amount it pays for each acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the date of acquisition, including
identifiable intangible assets which arise from a contractual or legal right or are separable from goodwill. The Company bases the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired
in a business combination on detailed valuations that use information and assumptions provided by management, which consider management’s best estimates of inputs and
assumptions that a market participant would use. The Company allocates any excess purchase price that exceeds the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets
acquired to goodwill. The use of alternative valuation assumptions, including estimated growth rates, cash flows and discounts rates and estimated useful lives could result in
different purchase price allocations and amortization expense in current and future periods. Transaction costs associated with these acquisitions are expensed as incurred through
acquisition related expenses on the consolidated statements of operations. In those circumstances where an acquisition involves a contingent consideration arrangement, the
Company recognizes a liability equal to the fair value of the contingent payments expected to be made as of the acquisition date. The Company re-measures this liability each
reporting period and recognizes changes in the fair value through income (loss) before income taxes within the consolidated statements of operations.

Foreign Currency

The Company determines the appropriate method of measuring assets and liabilities as to whether the method should be based on the functional currency of the entity in the
environment in which it operates or the reporting currency of the Company, the U.S. dollar. The Company has determined that the functional currency of its foreign subsidiaries are
the local currencies of their respective jurisdictions. Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts are
translated at historical rates, except for the change in retained earnings as a result of the income statement translation process. Revenue and expense items are translated into U.S.
dollars  at  average  exchange  rates  for  the  period.  The  adjustments  are  recognized  as  a  separate  component  of  stockholders’  equity  and  are  included  in  accumulated  other
comprehensive income (loss). The Company’s foreign currency translation net gains (losses) for fiscal 2023  and 2022 were ($28) and $133, respectively. Transaction gains and
losses  related  to  monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  a  currency  different  from  a  subsidiary’s  functional  currency  are  included  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.

Segment Information

The Company has one reportable segment.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in the consolidated statements of operations based on the fair values of the awards on the date of grant on a straight-line
basis over their vesting term. Compensation expense is recognized only for share-based payments expected to vest. The Company estimates forfeitures at the date of grant based
on the Company’s historical experience and future expectations.

Common Stock Purchase Warrants

The Company estimates the fair value of common stock warrants issued to non-employees using a binomial options pricing model. The Company evaluates common stock warrants
as they are issued to determine whether they should be classified as an equity instrument or a liability. Those warrants that are classified as a liability are carried at fair value at
each reporting period, with changes in their fair value recognized in change in fair value of warrant liabilities in the consolidated statements of operations. 

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed when incurred. Such costs were $112 and $169 for fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Employee Benefits

The Company sponsors a contributory 401(k) plan allowing all full-time employees who meet prescribed service requirements to participate. The Company is not required to make
matching contributions, although the plan provides for discretionary contributions by the Company. The Company made no contributions in either fiscal 2023 or fiscal 2022.

Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act made broad
and complex changes to the U.S. tax code that affected the Company’s fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, including, but not limited to, reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax
rate. For taxable years after December 31, 2017, the Tax Act reduced the federal corporate tax rate to 21 percent. The Tax Act repealed the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax
(“AMT”).

The Tax Act required the Company to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of the Company's foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred for U.S. income taxes and
created new taxes on the Company's foreign-sourced earnings. The Company determined that the repatriation tax was zero because the foreign subsidiary had no positive retained
earnings, and no current income.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) was enacted in response to the COVID- 19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other
things, contains modifications on the limitation of business interest for tax years beginning in 2019 and 2020, and permits net operating loss carryovers and carrybacks to offset
100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021. In addition, the CARES Act allows net operating losses incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each
of  the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes. These provisions of the CARES Act did not have a material effect on the Company’s
estimated effective tax rate.

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial
statements and tax returns. Deferred income taxes are recognized based on temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities using
enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the temporary differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are provided if based upon the weight of available evidence,
it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

The Company provides for reserves for potential payments of taxes to various tax authorities related to uncertain tax positions. Reserves are based on a determination of whether
and how much of a tax benefit taken by the Company in its tax filings or positions is “more likely than not” to be realized following resolution of any uncertainty related to the tax
benefit, assuming that the matter in question will be raised by the tax authorities. Interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions are included in the provision for
benefit from income taxes.

The Company does not provide for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of its foreign subsidiaries, which the Company considers to be permanent investments.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company presents basic and diluted income (loss) per share information for its common stock. Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss)
attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders is
computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period plus the dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and warrants using the
“treasury  stock”  method  and  convertible  preferred  stock  using  the  as-if-converted  method.  The  computation  of  diluted  earnings  per  share  does not  include  the  effect  of
outstanding stock options, warrants and convertible preferred stock that are considered anti-dilutive.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options

In  August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)  2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options
(Subtopic 470-20)  and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815- 40)  (“ASU 2020-06”).  The  ASU 2020-06  simplifies  the  accounting  for
convertible instruments and application of the equity classification guidance and made certain disclosure amendments. In addition, this ASU also amends certain aspects of the
earnings per share (“EPS”) guidance. ASU 2020-06 is effective for financial reporting periods beginning after  December 15, 2021, except smaller reporting companies for which this
ASU is effective for financial reporting periods beginning after  December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted, and an entity should adopt this ASU as of the beginning of its
annual fiscal year. The Company elected to early adopt ASU  2020-06 as of the first day of the fiscal year ending  September 30, 2023, using the modified retrospective approach
which allows for a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings or accumulated deficit in the period of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 did not
have any impact on the accumulated deficit or any other components of the consolidated balance sheet as of October 1, 2022 nor did it have a material impact on earnings per share
for the year ended September 30, 2023.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Effective

Financial Instruments – Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets
held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is
applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. ASU 2016-13 is effective for smaller reporting companies for annual reporting periods
beginning  after December  15,  2022, including  interim  periods  within  those  annual  reporting  periods,  with  early  adoption  permitted.  The  adoption  of ASU 2016-13  during  the
Company's fiscal 2024 first quarter did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Business Combinations

In October  2021, the  FASB  issued  ASU No.  2021-08,  Business  Combinations  (Topic 606):  Accounting  for  Contract  Assets  and  Contract  Liabilities  from  Contracts  with
Customers, which requires that an entity recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606 as if it had
originated the contracts. Generally, this should result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were
recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements, if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The amendment in this update is
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period.
The guidance should be applied prospectively to business combinations occurring on or after the effective date of the amendment in this update. The adoption of ASU 2021-08
during the Company's fiscal 2024 first quarter did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Segment Reporting 

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires that an entity report
segment information in accordance with Topic 280, Segment Reporting. The amendment in the ASU is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily
through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and  interim
periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements which
is expected to result in enhanced disclosures.

Income Taxes

In December  2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic  740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires that an entity, on an annual basis,
disclose additional income tax information, primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendment in the ASU is intended to enhance the transparency
and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in this Update are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently
evaluating the impact of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements which is expected to result in enhanced disclosures.

All other Accounting Standards Updates issued but not yet effective are not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s future consolidated financial statements or
related disclosures.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

3. Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable consist of the following:

Accounts receivable
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Accounts receivable, net

As of September 30,

2023

2022

1,184    $
(180)    
1,004    $

1,332 
(150)
1,182 

  $

  $

As of and for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 no customers exceeded 10% of accounts receivable and no customers exceeded 10% of the Company’s total revenues. 

4. Property and equipment

Property and equipment consist of the following:

Furniture and fixtures
Purchased software
Computer equipment
Leasehold improvements
Total cost
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
Property and equipment, net

As of September 30,

2023

2022

166    $
18     
217     
206     
607     
(456)    
151    $

166 
18 
195 
202 
581 
(313)
268 

  $

  $

Depreciation and amortization on the above assets were $144 and $102 in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively.

5. Fair Value Measurement and Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of accounts receivable, accounts payable, warrant liabilities, contingent consideration and long-term debt arrangements.
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., exit
price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, under U.S. GAAP, companies are required to provide disclosure and categorize
assets and liabilities measured at fair value into one of three different levels depending on the assumptions (i.e., inputs) used in the valuation. Level 1 provides the most reliable
measure of fair value while Level 3 generally requires significant management judgment. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of
input significant to the fair value measurement. The fair value hierarchy is defined as follows:

Level 1—Valuations are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Valuations are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices in markets that are not active for which significant inputs
are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3—Valuations are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The carrying value of the Company’s accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. As of  September 30, 2023 and 2022, the
aggregate fair values of long-term debts were $0.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively, with an aggregate carrying value of $0.7 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The fair value
is based on interest rates that are currently available to the Company for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. If measured at fair value in the consolidated
financial statements, the debt would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

The Company’s warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at each reporting period with changes in fair value recognized in earnings during the period. The fair value of the
Company’s  warrant  liabilities  are  valued  utilizing  Level 3  inputs.  Warrant  liabilities  are  valued  using  a  Monte  Carlo  option-pricing  model,  which  takes  into  consideration  the
volatilities  of  comparable  public  companies,  due  to  the  relatively  low  trading  volume  of  the  Company’s  common  stock.  The  Monte  Carlo  option-pricing  model  uses  certain
assumptions, including expected life and annual volatility. The range and weighted average volatilities of comparable public companies utilized was 27.7%  - 84.5%  and 45.5%,
respectively, as of September 30, 2023,  and 26.6%  - 64.3%  and 55.3%, respectively, as of September 30, 2022. The volatility utilized in the Monte Carlo option-pricing model was
determined by weighing 60% to the Company-specific volatility and 40% on comparable public companies. The significant inputs and assumptions utilized were as follows:

Volatility
Risk-free rate
Stock price

As of September 30, 2023
Series C
Preferred

  Montage Capital  

Series D
Preferred

  Montage Capital  

As of September 30, 2022
Series C
Preferred

Series D
Preferred

60.7%   
5.0%   
  $
0.83 

51.7%   
5.5%   
  $
0.83 

73.6%   
4.8%   
  $
0.83 

82.0%   
4.2%   
  $
1.31 

83.9%   
4.2%   
  $
1.31 

84.7%
4.1%
1.31 

  $

The Company recognized a gain $0.6 million and $3.7 million for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, related to the change in fair value of warrant liabilities.
The changes in fair value of warrant liabilities were due to changes in inputs, primarily a change in the stock price and the risk-free rate, to the Monte Carlo option-pricing model.

The Company’s goodwill (see Note 6) and contingent consideration obligations were from arrangements resulting from acquisitions, completed in prior periods not presented. The
contingent  consideration  was  a  result  of  former  potential  future  payments  of  consideration  that  were  contingent  upon  the  achievement  of  revenue  targets  and  operational
goals. Contingent consideration is recognized at its estimated fair value at the date of acquisition based on the Company’s expected probability of future payment, discounted
using a weighted average cost of capital in accordance with accepted valuation methodologies.

The Company reviews and re-assesses the estimated fair value of contingent consideration liabilities at each reporting period and the updated fair value could differ materially from
the initial estimates. The Company measures contingent consideration recognized in connection with acquisitions at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable
inputs classified as Level 3 inputs. The Company uses a simulation-based model to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration on the acquisition date and at each reporting
period. The simulation model uses certain inputs and assumptions, including revenue projections, an estimate of revenue discount and volatility rate based on comparable public
companies’ data, and risk-free rate. Significant increases or decreases to either of these inputs in isolation could result in a significantly higher or lower liability with a higher
liability limited to the contractual maximum of the contingent consideration liabilities. Ultimately, the liability will be equivalent to the amount paid, and the difference between the
fair value estimate on the acquisition date and each reporting period and the amount paid will be recognized in earnings. 

The fair value of contingent consideration was $250 thousand on  September 30, 2022, all of which was paid in October 2022. There were no contingent consideration amounts
remaining thereafter.

Assets and liabilities of the Company measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, are as follows:

Level 1

As of September 30, 2023
Level 2

Level 3

Total

Assets:

Goodwill, net

Liabilities:

Warrant liabilities:

Montage
Series A and C
Series D

Total warrant liabilities

Liabilities:

Warrant liabilities:

Montage
Series A and C
Series D

Total warrant liabilities

Contingent consideration obligations

Total Liabilities

  $

  $

  $

  $

41

-    $

-     
-     
-     
-    $

-    $

8,468    $

8,468 

-     
-     
-     
-    $

12     
11     
151     
174    $

Level 1

As of September 30, 2022
Level 2

Level 3

Total

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
-    $

12    $
234     
503     
749     
250     
999    $

12 
11 
151 
174 

12 
234 
503 
749 
250 
999 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
     
 
       
       
 
   
 
     
 
       
       
 
   
 
     
 
       
       
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
     
 
       
       
 
   
 
     
 
       
       
 
   
   
   
   
  
The following table provides a roll forward of the fair value, as determined by Level 3 inputs, as follows:

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Contingent
Consideration
Obligations

Balance at beginning of period, October 1, 2021
Additions
Exercises or payments
Adjustment to fair value
Balance at end of period, September 30, 2022
Additions
Exercises or payments
Adjustment to fair value
Balance at end of period, September 30, 2023

6. Goodwill

  $

  $

  $

    Warrant Liabilities  
4,404 
- 
- 
(3,655)
749 
- 
- 
(575)
174 

3,649    $
-     
(2,768)    
(631)    
250    $
-     
(250)    
-     
-    $

The carrying value of goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment annually as of September 30th, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that
the carrying amount of a reporting unit may not be recoverable. The purpose of an impairment test is to identify any potential impairment by comparing the carrying value of a
reporting  unit  including  goodwill  to  its  fair  value. An  impairment  charge  is  recognized  for  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the  reporting  unit’s  fair  value;
however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Impairment charges are reflected as a reduction in goodwill in the
Company’s consolidated balance sheets and an expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. 

Annual  tests  were  performed  at September  30,  2023  and 2022.  Due  to  the  current  inflationary  macro-economic  conditions  and  a  sustained  decline  in  the  Company's  market
capitalization, for the 2023 test, the Company elected to forgo the qualitative test and performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of its reporting
unit to its respective carrying value. The Company estimated the fair value of the reporting unit using a 75%  and 25% weighting to the market approach and income approach,
respectively, and a discount rate of 22.9%. The Company used industry accepted valuation models. Under the income approach (level 3 inputs), the Company used a discounted
cash flow methodology which required management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted revenues, gross profit margins, operating income margins,
working capital cash flow, perpetual growth rates, and long-term discount rates, among others. For the market approach, the Company used the guideline public company method.
Under this method, the Company utilized information from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics as the reporting unit, to
create valuation multiples that were applied to the operating performance of the reporting unit being tested, in order to obtain their respective fair values. The Company also
reconciled the aggregate fair value of its reporting unit to its current market capitalization, allowing for a reasonable control premium.

Based on the impairment assessment performed, the Company recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $7.5 million, all of which was attributable to goodwill, during fiscal 2023.
The Company concluded that the definite-lived and other long-lived assets were not impaired.

For fiscal 2022 management performed a qualitative assessment that did not result in any impairment indicators at  September 30, 2022.

Changes in the carrying value of goodwill are as follows:

Balance at beginning of period
Impairments
Balance at end of period

42

As of September 30,

2023

2022

  $

  $

15,985    $
(7,517)    
8,468    $

15,985 
- 
15,985 

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

7. Intangible Assets

The components of intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, are as follows:

Domain and trade names
Customer related
Technology
Intangible, assets net

As of September 30,

2023

2022

629    $
3,678     
583     
4,890    $

682 
4,522 
1,064 
6,268 

  $

  $

Total amortization expense related to intangible assets was $1,378 and $1,487 for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is reflected in Operating expenses
on the consolidated statements of operations. The estimated amortization expense for fiscal years 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, 2028 and thereafter is $990, $730, $671, $557,  $557  and
$1,385, respectively.

8. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:

Compensation and benefits
Professional fees
Taxes
Other
Accrued liabilities

9. Restructuring and Acquisition Related Expenses

As of September 30,

2023

2022

517    $
260     
4     
214     
995    $

477 
186 
98 
234 
995 

  $

  $

The Company incurred restructuring and acquisition related expenses of $0.1 million and $0.2 million during the year ended September 30, 2023  and 2022, which are included in
Restructuring and acquisition related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

10. Long-term Debt

On March 1, 2021, the Company assumed the outstanding long-term debt obligations of an acquired business and issued a seller note to one of the selling stockholders. The
assumed debt obligations and seller note are denominated in Euros.

Long-term debt consists as follows:

Term loan payable, accruing interest at 3-Month EURIBOR plus 1.3% per annum, payable in quarterly installments starting in
April 2023 and matures in July 2028.
Seller’s note payable (“Seller’s note”), due to one of the selling stockholders, accruing interest at a fixed rate of 4.0% per
annum. The Seller’s note is payable over 5 installments and matures in September 2025.
Vendor loan payable (“Vendor loan”), accruing interest at 3.0% per annum. Principal and interest are payable in one remaining
installment in March 2023.
Term loan payable, accruing interest at fixed rates ranging between 0.99% to 1.5% per annum, payable in monthly or quarterly
payments of interest and principal and matured in October 2022.

  $

Total debt

Less current portion:

Long-term debt, net of current portion

  $

43

As of September 30,

2023

2022

385    $

317     

-     

-     
702     
(267)    
435    $

389 

292 

292 

44 
1,017 
(429)
588 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
At September 30, 2023, future maturities of long-term debt are as follows:

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Fiscal year:
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
Total debt

11. Leases

  $

  $

267 
204 
77 
77 
77 
702 

The  Company leases facilities in the  United  States for its corporate and regional field offices.  During the years ended September 30, 2023  and 2022, the  Company was also a
lessee/sublessor for certain office locations.

Determination of Whether a Contract Contains a Lease

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception, or upon modification of a contract and classify each lease as either an operating or finance lease at commencement. The
Company reassesses lease classification subsequent to commencement upon a change to the expected lease term or a modification to the contract. Operating leases represent the
Company’s right to use an underlying asset as lessee for the lease term and lease obligations represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease.

A contract contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of the identified property or equipment, explicitly or implicitly, for a period of time in exchange for
consideration. Control of an underlying asset is conveyed if we obtain the rights to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the economic benefit from the use of the
underlying asset. At commencement, contracts containing a lease are further evaluated for classification as an operating lease or finance lease based on their terms.

ROU Model and Determination of Lease Term

The Company uses the Right-of-Use (“ROU”) model to account for leases, which requires an entity to recognize a lease liability and ROU asset on the lease commencement date. A
lease liability is measured equal to the present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term and is discounted using the incremental borrowing rate, as the rates
implicit  in  the  Company’s  leases  are not  readily  determinable.  The  incremental  borrowing  rate  is  the  rate  of  interest  that  the  Company  would  have  to  pay  to  borrow,  on  a
collateralized  basis  over  a  similar  term,  an  amount  equal  to  the  lease  payments  in  a  similar  economic  environment.  Lease  payments  include  payments  made  before  the
commencement date and any residual value guarantees, if applicable. The initial ROU asset consists of the initial measurement of the lease liability, adjusted for any payments
made before the commencement date, initial direct costs and lease incentives earned. When determining the lease term, the Company includes option periods when it is reasonably
certain that those options will be exercised.

Lease Costs

For operating leases, minimum lease payments, including minimum scheduled rent increases, are recognized as operating lease costs on a straight-line basis over the applicable
lease terms. Some operating lease arrangements include variable lease costs, including real estate taxes, insurance, common area maintenance or increases in rental costs related to
inflation. Such variable payments, other than those dependent upon a market index or rate, are excluded from the measurement of the lease liability and are expensed when the
obligation for those payments is incurred.

44

 
 
 
     
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Significant Assumptions and Judgments

Management makes certain estimates and assumptions regarding each new lease and sublease agreement, renewal and amendment, including, but not limited to, property values,
market rents, useful life of the underlying property, discount rate and probable term, all of which can impact (1) the classification as either an operating or finance lease, (2)
measurement  of  lease  liabilities  and  ROU  assets  and  (3)  the  term  over  which  the  ROU  asset  and  leasehold  improvements  are  amortized.  The  amount  of  depreciation  and
amortization, interest and rent expense would vary if different estimates and assumptions were used.

The components of net lease costs were as follows:

Operating lease cost
Variable lease cost
Less: Sublease income, net
Total

As of September 30,

2023

2022

260    $
145     
(156)    
249    $

258 
97 
(170)
185 

  $

  $

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities was $233 thousand and $108 thousand for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, all of
which represents operating cash flows from operating leases. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, the weighted average remaining lease term was 3.1  and 3.4 years, respectively,
and the weighted average discount rate was 7.0% for both periods.

At September 30, 2023, future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year, which have commenced, were as
follows:

Fiscal year:

2024
2025
2026
2027
2028

Total lease commitments
Less: Amount representing interest
Present value of lease liabilities
Less: Current portion
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

Payments Operating
Leases

    Receipts Subleases

Net Leases

  $

  $

177    $
151     
72     
61     
11     
472    $
(83)    
389     
(148)    
241     

25    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
25    $

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had no lease commitments that extend past fiscal 2028.

Starting October 1, 2023, the Company has subleased its office space in Rosemont, Illinois. The sublease is for $6 thousand per month, through August 31, 2025.

At September 30, 2022, future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year were as follows:

Fiscal year:

2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter
Total lease commitments
Less: Amount representing interest
Present value of lease liabilities
Less: Current portion
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

Payments Operating
Leases

    Receipts Subleases

Net Leases

  $

  $

45

101    $
34     
-     
-     
-     
-     
135    $

233    $
177     
151     
72     
61     
11     
705    $
(116)    
589     
(199)    
390     

152 
151 
72 
61 
11 
447 

132 
143 
151 
72 
61 
11 
570 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
      
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
  
   
      
  
   
      
  
      
  
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

12. Stockholders’ Equity

Under our Certificate of Incorporation, we are authorized, subject to limitations prescribed by Delaware law and our Charter, to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock
in one or more series, to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of
each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions. Our Board of Directors can increase or decrease the number of shares of any series, but not below the number of
shares of that series then outstanding, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. Our Board of Directors  may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or
conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of the common stock.

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock

The Company has designated 264,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series A Preferred Stock 
may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of  Series A  Preferred  Stock to be
converted, multiplied by the stated value of $10 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. As of  September 30, 2023  and 2022, the Company
had no shares of Series A Preferred Stock outstanding.

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

The Company has designated 5,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series B Preferred Stock  may be
converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of Series B Preferred Stock to be converted,
multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no shares
of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding. 

Series C Convertible Preferred Stock

The  Company has designated 11,000 shares of its preferred stock as Series C Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series C Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series C Preferred Stock 
may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of  Series  C  Preferred  Stock to be
converted, multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. Series C Preferred Stock vote on an as-converted
basis along with shares of the Company’s common stock, are not entitled to receive dividends, unless specifically declared by our Board of Directors, and in the event of any
liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the  Company the holders of  Series  C  Preferred  Stock are entitled to receive in preference to the holders of common stock,  Series A
Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock and any other stock, the amount equal to the stated value per share of Series C Preferred Stock. The Company   may not effect, and a
holder  will not be entitled to, convert the Series C Preferred Stock or exercise any Series C Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would
cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of
the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of  September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company had 350 shares of Series C
Preferred Stock outstanding, which were convertible into an aggregate of 38,889 shares of the Company’s common stock. 

Series D Convertible Preferred Stock

The  Company has designated 4,200 shares of its preferred stock as Series D Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series D Preferred Stock”). The shares of Series D Preferred Stock 
may be converted, at the option of the holder at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to (i) the number of shares of  Series  D  Preferred  Stock to be
converted, multiplied by the stated value of $1,000 and (ii) divided by the conversion price in effect at the time of conversion. The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be
entitled  to  convert,  the  Series  D  Preferred  Stock  or  exercise  any  Series  D  Preferred  Warrants,  which,  upon  giving  effect  to  such  conversion  or  exercise,  would  cause  (i)  the
aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder,  9.99%) of the
number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of   September 30, 2023  and 2022,  the  Company  had no shares of  Series  D
Preferred Stock outstanding.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan

The Company has granted common stock, common stock warrants, and common stock option awards (the “Equity Awards”) to employees, consultants, advisors and former debt
holders of the Company and to former owners and employees of acquired companies that have become employees of the Company. The Company’s Amended and Restated Stock
Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) provided for the issuance of up to 5,000 shares of common stock. This Plan expired in August 2016. On April 29, 2016, the stockholders approved a new
stock incentive plan, the 2016 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan authorizes the award of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock,
unrestricted stock, performance shares, stock appreciation rights and any combination thereof to employees, officers, directors, consultants, independent contractors and advisors
of the Company. The 2016 Plan provides for the issuance in the aggregate of up to 2,400,000 shares of common stock associated with awards granted under the Stock Incentive
Plan. As of  September 30, 2023, there were 1,831,515 options outstanding and approximately 315,422 shares available for future issuance under the 2016 Plan.

Compensation Expense

Compensation expense is generally recognized on a graded accelerated basis over the vesting period of grants. Compensation expense is recorded in the consolidated statements
of operations with a portion charged to Cost of revenue and a portion to Operating expenses, depending on the employee’s department.

During the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, compensation expense related to share-based payments was as follows:

Cost of revenue
Operating expenses
Change in fair value of contingent consideration, interest expense and other, net
Total

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

7    $
395     
169     
571    $

26 
295 
157 
478 

  $

  $

Change in fair value of contingent consideration, interest expense and other, net includes compensation expense related to the fair value of fully-vested stock options granted to
directors in August 2023 and April 2022. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had approximately $0.7 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested shared-
based payments, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.

Common Stock Warrants

The Company typically issues warrants to individual investors and placement agents to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with public and private
placement  fund  raising  activities.  Warrants   may  also  be  issued  to  individuals  or  companies  in  exchange  for  services  provided  to  the  Company.  The  warrants  are  typically
exercisable six months after the issue date, expire in five years, and contain a cashless exercise provision and piggyback registration rights.

Montage Warrant - As additional consideration for a prior loan arrangement which was paid in full in a prior period not presented, the  Company issued to  Montage  Capital
an eight-year warrant (the “Montage Warrant”) to purchase the Company’s common stock at a price equal to $132.50 per share. The Montage Warrant contains an equity buy-out
provision upon the earlier of (1) dissolution or liquidation of the Company, (2) any sale or distribution of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or (3) a “Change in
Control” as defined within the meaning of Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Montage Capital has the right to receive an equity buy-out of $250. If
the equity buy-out is exercised, the Montage Warrant will be surrendered to the Company for cancellation.

Series A and B and C Preferred Warrants - In  March 2019, in connection with the issuance of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to purchase
the Company’s common stock. These warrants were designated as (i) Series A Warrants with an initial term of  5.5 years and an exercise price of $4.00; (ii) Series B Warrants, which
expired unexercised during the Company’s 2021 fiscal year, with an initial term of 24 months and an exercise price of $4.00; and (iii) Series C Warrants with an initial term of 5.5 years
and an exercise price of $0.05 (collectively, hereinafter referred to as the “Series C Preferred Warrants”). The Company also issued warrants with an exercise price of $4.00  to
purchase shares of the Company’s common stock to the Placement Agents. The Company   may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to convert, the Series C Preferred Stock
or exercise any Series C Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to such conversion or exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially
owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or, at the election of the holder,  9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately
after giving effect to the exercise.

As  of   September 30, 2023, the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the (i)  Series A  Warrants were  872,625  shares;  (ii)  Series  C  Warrants  were 13,738  shares;  (iii)  the
Placement Agent Warrants issued in connection with the Series C Preferred Stock were 11,992 shares; and (iv) Investor Warrants were 41,621 shares.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Series D Preferred Warrants – In May 2021, in connection with the issuance of the Company’s Series D Preferred Stock, the Company issued warrants to purchase the Company’s
common stock. These warrants consisted of (i) warrants issued to investors in Series D Preferred Stock to purchase in the aggregate up to 592,106 shares of common stock with an
initial  term  of five  and  a  half  years  which  ends  on   November  16,  2026 and  an  initial  exercise  price  of $2.51  and  (ii)  Placement Agents  warrants  to  purchase  an  aggregate
of 179,536 shares of common stock with an initial term of five years which ends on  May 12, 2026 and an initial exercise price of $2.85. Collectively, these warrants are referred to as
the “Series D Preferred Warrants.”

The Company  may not effect, and a holder will not be entitled to convert, the Series D Preferred Stock or exercise any Series D Preferred Warrants, which, upon giving effect to
such conversion or exercise, would cause (i) the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Purchaser (together with its affiliates) to exceed 4.99% (or,
at the election of the holder, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. As of  September 30, 2023, no Series D
Warrants have been exercised and the aggregate number of shares issuable upon exercise was 592,106 and 179,536 shares for investors and placement agents, respectively.

The Montage Warrants, Series A and C Preferred Warrants, the Placement Agent Warrants issued in connection with the Series C Preferred Stock, and the Series D Warrants were
all determined to be derivative liabilities and are subject to remeasurement each reporting period (see Note 5).

During years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were 0 and 26,605 Placement Agent Warrants exercised, respectively. 

Total warrants outstanding as September 30, 2023, were as follows:

Type

Financing (Montage)
Investors
Placement Agent
Investors
Investors
Investors
Placement Agent
Placement Agent
Investors
Placement Agent
Total

Warrant Issuances

Issue
Date
10/10/2017
10/19/2018
10/16/2018
3/12/2019
3/12/2019
3/12/2019
3/12/2019
2/4/2021
5/14/2021
5/14/2021

Shares

Price

1,327    $
3,120    $
10,000    $
41,621    $
872,625    $
13,738    $
11,992    $
31,564    $
592,106    $
179,536    $
1,757,629     

132.50 
25.00 
31.25 
4.00 
4.00 
0.05 
4.00 
3.88 
2.51 
2.85 

Expiration
10/10/2025
10/19/2023
10/16/2023
10/19/2023
9/12/2024
9/12/2024
9/12/2024
2/4/2026
11/16/2026
5/12/2026

The Company did not issue warrants to purchase common stock during the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Summary of Option and Warrant Activity and Outstanding Shares

During the year ended September 30, 2023, the Company, (i) issued 300,000 total options to its Chief Executive Officer at an exercise price of $1.18, which vest in 36 equal monthly
installments  over  a three-year  period,  (ii)  issued 50,000 total options to employees at an exercise price of $1.34,  which  vest  ratably  over  a three-year period in equal quarterly
installments, (iii) issued 152,000 total options to employees at an exercise price of $1.18, which vest ratably over a three-year period in equal quarterly installments, and (iv) issued
200,000 total options to the Board of Directors at an exercise price of $1.18, which vested immediately.

During the year ended September 30, 2022,the Company, (i) issued 5,000 total options at an exercise price of $3.99, which vest ratably over a 3-year period, (ii) issued 120,000 total
options to Board members at an exercise price of $1.85, which vested immediately upon issuance, (iii) issued 362,000 total options to its Chief Executive Officer at an exercise price
of $1.85, which vest ratably over a 3-year period, (iv) issued 48,000 total options to employees at an exercise price of $1.27, which vest ratably over a 3-year period and (v) issued
200,000 total shares of restricted stock to its Chief Executive Officer at grant-date fair value of $1.29, based upon the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant
date, which vest quarterly over a 3-year period. All such options granted expire ten years from date of grant.

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

The weighted-average option fair values, as determined using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, and the assumptions used to estimate these values for stock options
granted during the year ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

Weighted-average fair value per share option
Expected life (in years)
Volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Dividend yield

  $

2023

2022

Board

Non-Board

Board

Non-Board

  $

0.84 
5.0 
88.5%   
4.1%   
0.0%   

  $

0.90 
5.8 
90.7%   
4.0%   
0.0%   

  $

1.30 
5.0 
89.2%   
2.8%   
0.0%   

1.40 
6.0 
95.0%
2.8%
0.0%

The expected option term is the number of years the Company estimates the options will be outstanding prior to exercise. Expected volatility is based on historical daily price
changes of the Company’s common stock for a period equal to the expected life. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant. The
expected dividend yield is zero since the Company does not currently pay cash dividends on its common stock and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future.

A summary of combined restricted stock, stock option and warrant activity is as follows:

  Restricted Stock    

Stock Options

Stock Warrants

Awards

Awards

    Exercise Price     Warrants

Weighted
Average

Outstanding, October 1, 2021

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired

Outstanding, September 30, 2022

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited
Expired

Outstanding, September 30, 2023

-     
200,000     
-     
-     
-     
200,000     
-     
-     
-     
-     
200,000     

750,232    $
535,000     
(13,334)    
(113,838)    
(133)    
1,157,927    $
702,000     
-     
(28,348)    
(64)    
1,831,515    $

4.84     
1.82     
1.40     
3.69     
937.88     
3.49     
1.19     
-     
2.49     
1,873.44     
2.56     

Weighted
Average
    Exercise Price  
4.18 
- 
3.88 
- 
218.89 
3.64 
- 
- 
- 
- 
3.64 

1,788,745    $
-     
(26,605)    
-     
(4,511)    
1,757,629    $
-     
-     
-     
-     
1,757,629    $

There were 1,148,097 and 619,461 options vested and exercisable as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The options outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 2022 had an
aggregate intrinsic value of $0 and $2, respectively.

A summary of the status of unvested options is as follows:

Unvested at October 1, 2022

Granted
Vested
Forfeited/Cancelled

Unvested at September 30, 2023

The following table summarizes information about outstanding stock options at September 30, 2023:

    Weighted Average  
Grant-Date
Fair Value

Shares

538,466    $
702,000     
(541,048)    
(16,000)    
683,418    $

1.37 
0.89 
1.08 
1.75 
1.10 

Options outstanding
Options exercisable

Exercise Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(Years)

Number of
Options

Weighted
Average Exercise
Price

Aggregate Intrinsic
Value

1,831,515     
1,148,097     

8.3    $
7.8    $

2.56    $
3.23    $

- 
- 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
     
 
   
     
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

13.  Net Income (Loss) Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share is computed as follows:

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Numerator:
Net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders - basic earnings per share
Effect of dilutive securities:

Change in fair value of in-the-money warrant derivative liabilities

Net income (loss) applicable to common stockholders - diluted earnings per share

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share
Effect of dilutive securities:

Options
Warrants
Preferred stock

Weighted-average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share

Basic net income (loss) per share
Diluted net income (loss) per share

Years Ended September 30,

2023

2022

(9,435)   $

(6)    
(9,441)   $

10,417,609     

-     
6,578     
-     
10,424,187     

(0.91)   $
(0.91)   $

2,145 

(39)
2,106 

10,232,862 

81,765 
13,391 
38,889 
10,366,907 

0.21 
0.20 

  $

  $

  $
  $

Potential common stock equivalents excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive were as follows (in
shares):

Stock options
Warrants
Convertible preferred stock

14. Commitments and Contingencies

As of September 30,

2023

2022

1,831,515     
1,743,891     
350     

712,907 
1,743,891 
- 

The Company leases certain of its buildings under noncancelable lease agreements. Refer to the Leases footnote (Note 11) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
for additional information.

The Company frequently warrants that the technology solutions it develops for its clients will operate in accordance with the project specifications without defects for a specified
warranty period, subject to certain limitations that the Company believes are standard in the industry. In the event that defects are discovered during the warranty period, and none
of the limitations apply, the Company is obligated to remedy the defects until the solution that the Company provided operates within the project specifications. The Company is
not typically obligated by contract to provide its clients with any refunds of the fees they have paid, although a small number of its contracts provide for the payment of liquidated
damages upon default. The Company has purchased insurance policies covering professional errors and omissions, property damage and general liability that reduce its monetary
exposure for warranty-related claims and enable it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid.

The Company’s contracts typically provide for testing and client acceptance procedures that are designed to mitigate the likelihood of warranty-related claims, although there can
be no assurance that such procedures will be effective for each project. The Company has not paid any material amounts related to warranties for its solutions. The Company
sometimes commits unanticipated levels of effort to projects to remedy defects covered by its warranties. The Company’s estimate of its exposure to warranties on contracts is
immaterial as of September 30, 2023 and 2022.

The Company’s agreements with customers generally require the Company to indemnify the customer against claims in which the Company’s products infringe third-party patents,
copyrights,  or  trademarks  and  indemnify  against  product  liability  matters. As  of September  30,  2023  and 2022,  the  Company  has not  experienced  any  losses  related  to  the
indemnification  obligations  and no  significant  claims  with  respect  thereto  were  outstanding.  The  Company  does not  expect  significant  claims  related  to  the  indemnification
obligations and, consequently, concluded that the fair value of these obligations is negligible, and no related reserves were established.

Litigation

The  Company  is  subject  to  ordinary  routine  litigation  and  claims  incidental  to  its  business. As  of September  30,  2023,  the  Company  was not  engaged  in  any  material  legal
proceedings.

50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

15. Revenues and Other Related Items

Disaggregated Revenues

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by geography and product grouping, as it believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and
uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The Company’s revenue by geography (based on customer address) is as follows:

Revenues:
United States
International

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

  $

  $

12,828    $
3,057     
15,885    $

13,202 
3,617 
16,819 

The largest concentration within the Company’s international revenue geography is within Canada.

Long-lived assets located in foreign jurisdictions aggregated approximately $1.3 million and $2.3 million as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company’s revenue by type is as follows:

Revenues:
Digital Engagement Services
Subscription
Perpetual Licenses
Maintenance
Hosting

Deferred Revenue

Years Ended September 30,

2023

2022

3,146    $
11,182     
-     
541     
1,016     
15,885    $

3,259 
11,995 
136 
501 
928 
16,819 

  $

  $

Amounts that have been invoiced are recognized in accounts receivable, deferred revenue or revenue, depending on whether the revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Deferred revenue represents amounts billed for which revenue has not yet been recognized. Deferred revenue that will be recognized during the succeeding 12-month period is
recognized as current deferred revenue and the remaining portion is recognized as noncurrent deferred revenue and is included in Other long-term liabilities.

The following table summarizes the classification and net change in deferred revenue as of and for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Balance as of October 1, 2021
Increase (decrease)
Balance as of September 30, 2022
Increase (decrease)
Balance as of September 30, 2023

Deferred Revenue

Current

Long Term

  $

  $

2,097    $
(154)    
1,943     
141     
2,084    $

418 
(34)
384 
(39)
345 

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
  
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

16. Income Taxes

The components of the Company’s tax provision (benefit) as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, is as follows: 

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total current

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred
Grand total

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

-    $
6     
(37)    
(31)    

-     
-     
(63)    
(63)    
(94)   $

(11)
49 
37 
75 

- 
- 
(45)
(45)
30 

  $

  $

The Company’s income tax provision was computed using the federal statutory rate and average state statutory rates, net of related federal benefit. The provision differs from the
amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to pretax income, as follows:

Income tax provision/(benefit) at the federal statutory rate of 21%
Permanent differences, net
State income tax provision/(benefit)
Foreign income taxed at different rates
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets
True up adjustments

Total

Year Ended September 30,

2023

2022

  $

  $

(1,995)   $
1,498     
(30)    
91     
260     
82     
(94)   $

457 
(691)
39 
(55)
407 
(127)
30 

As  of September  30,  2023,  the  Company  has  federal  net  operating  loss  (“NOL”)  carryforwards  of  approximately  $37.3  million  of  which  $29.6  million  is  subject  to  the 20-year
carryforward and expire on various dates through 2038. The remaining federal NOL carryforward of $7.7 million is indefinite. Internal Revenue Code Section 382 places a limitation
on the amount of taxable income which can be offset by NOL carryforwards after a change in control of a loss corporation. Due to these “change of ownership” provisions,
utilization of NOL carryforwards may be subject to an annual limitation in future periods. The Company has not performed a Section 382 analysis. However, if performed, Section
382 may be found to limit potential future utilization of the Company’s NOL carryforwards.  The  Company also has approximately $45.4 million in state  NOLs which expire on
various dates through 2041.

The Company has deferred tax assets that are available to offset future taxable income. A valuation allowance is established if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the
deferred  tax  assets  will not  be  realized.  Management  believes  that  it  is  more  likely  than not  that  all  deferred  tax  assets  will not  be  realized. Accordingly,  the  Company  has
established a valuation allowance against a portion of its deferred tax assets at September 30, 2023  and 2022.  For the years ended September 30, 2023  and 2022,  the  valuation
allowance for deferred tax assets increased by $0.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

The acquisition of HawkSearch during the third quarter of fiscal 2021 resulted in the recognition of deferred tax liabilities of approximately $1.2 million related to intangible assets.
Prior to the business combination, the Company had a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets. The deferred tax liabilities generated from the business combination
netted against the Company’s pre-existing deferred tax assets. Consequently, the impact of such resulted in the release of  $1.2 million of the pre-existing valuation allowance
against the deferred tax assets and corresponding deferred tax benefit recognized during fiscal 2021.

We recognize deferred tax assets for stock-based awards that result in deductions on our income tax returns, based on the amount of stock-based compensation recognized and
the statutory tax rate in the jurisdiction in which we will receive a tax deduction.  We also recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in interest expense.
Penalties, if incurred, are recognized as a component of tax expense.

The Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income tax of certain state jurisdictions. The Company has not been audited by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”)
or any states in connection with income taxes. The tax periods from 2020 – 2023 generally remain open to examination by the IRS and state authorities.

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Deferred tax assets:
Bad debt reserve
Accrued expenses
Net operating loss carryforwards
Right of use liability
Stock options
Other

Total deferred tax assets

Valuation allowance

Net deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:
Right of use asset
Depreciation
Intangibles

Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax liabilities

September 30,

2023

2022

46    $
78     
10,627     
248     
379     
17     
11,395     
(10,802)    
593     

248     
47     
525     
820     
(227)   $

37 
80 
10,456 
146 
309 
17 
11,045 
(10,542)
503 

146 
47 
572 
765 
(262)

  $

  $

Net deferred tax assets are reflected in Other assets and net deferred tax liabilities are reflected in Other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. There were no
undistributed earnings of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries at September 30, 2023 and 2022. The 2017 Tax Act subjects a U.S. stockholder to tax on global intangible low-taxed
income (“GILTI”) earned by certain foreign subsidiaries. The FASB Staff Q&A, Topic 740, No. 5, Accounting for Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income, provides that an entity
may make an accounting policy election to either recognize deferred taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years, or provide for the tax
expense related to GILTI in the year the tax is incurred as a period expense only. Additionally, the  2017 Tax Act provides for a tax benefit to U.S. taxpayers that sell goods or
services to foreign customers under the new  Foreign  Derived  Intangible  Income  Deduction (“FDII”) rules. As of September 30, 2023,  the  Company  did not have  GILTI to be
reported and as of September 30, 2022, the Company reported GILTI of $0.4 million, which resulted in $0.1 million of tax expense for the year ended September  30,  2022. When
accounting for uncertain income tax positions, the impact of uncertain tax positions is recognized in the consolidated financial statements if they are more likely than not of being
sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company’s management has determined that the Company has no uncertain tax positions requiring
recognition as of September 30, 2023 and 2022. The Company does not expect any change to this determination in the next twelve months. 

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
     
       
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
 
  
BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

17. Related Party Transactions

In October  2013, Mr. Michael Taglich joined the Board of Directors. Michael Taglich is the Chairman and President of Taglich Brothers, Inc. (“Taglich Brothers”), a New York
based securities firm. Taglich Brothers acted as placement agents for many of the Company’s private offerings and debt issuances.

In  connection  with  previous  private  offerings  and  debt  issuances  which  occurred  prior  to  the  fiscal  years  presented  in  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  Taglich
Brothers were granted Placement Agent Warrants to purchase  4,246 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $321.00 per share and were granted Placement Agent
Warrants to purchase 10,926 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $761.61 per share. 

In  consideration  of  previous  loans  made  by  Michael  Taglich  to  the  Company  and  the  personal  guaranty  on  a  former third-party  credit  facility no  longer  maintained  by  the
Company, Mr. Taglich has been issued warrants to purchase common stock totaling 1,080 shares at an exercise price of $1,000 per share.

In November  2018, the Company engaged Taglich Brothers Inc, on a non-exclusive basis, to perform advisory and investment banking services to identify possible acquisition
target possibilities.  Fees for the services were $8 thousand per month for three months and $5 thousand per month thereafter, cancellable at any time. Taglich Brothers Inc. could
also earn a success fee ranging from $200 thousand for a revenue target acquisition of under $5 million up to $1 million for an acquisition target over $200 million.  In connection
with the asset purchase of Stantive, Taglich Brothers earned a success fee of $200,000.

Michael Taglich purchased 350 units in the amount of $350 of Series C Preferred Stock and associated warrants in the private transaction consummated on March 13, 2019. Mr.
Taglich’s purchase was subject to stockholder approval pursuant to the Nasdaq Stock Market Rule 5635(c), for which approval by the stockholders of the Company was obtained
on April 26, 2019.

In  connection  with  the  Company’s  registered  direct  offering  completed  in February  2021, the  Company  issued  Taglich  Brothers 29,084  Investors  warrants.  Each  warrant  to
purchase common stock expires five years from the date of issuance and is non-cash exercisable for $3.875 per share beginning six-months from the date of issuance, or February 4,
2021. The warrants expire February 4, 2026. 

In connection with the Company’s Series D Preferred Stock registered direct offering and PIPE completed in May  2021, the Company issued Taglich Brothers 53,861  Investors
warrants.Each warrant to purchase common stock expires  five years from the date of issuance and is non-cash exercisable for $2.850 per share beginning six-months from the date
of issuance, or May 14, 2021. The warrants expire May 12, 2026. 

18. Subsequent Events

The Company evaluated subsequent events through the date of this filing and concluded there were no material subsequent events requiring adjustment to or disclosure in these
consolidated financial statements.

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

Management’s Report on Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, is recognized, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and our Chief Financial Officer
(Principal  Financial and Accounting  Officer), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and
procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired
control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and
procedures.

As of September 30, 2023, the end of our fiscal year covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls
and procedures. Based on the foregoing, we concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of the
end of the period covered by this annual report.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Responsibility estimates and judgments by management are
required  to  assess  the  expected  benefits  and  related  costs  of  control  procedures.  The  objectives  of  internal  control  include  providing  management  with  reasonable,  but  not
absolute,  assurance  that  assets  are  safeguarded  against  loss  from  unauthorized  use  or  disposition,  and  that  transactions  are  executed  in  accordance  with  management’s
authorization and recognized properly to permit the preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2023. In making this assessment, our management used the
criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Our management has
concluded that as of September 30, 2023, our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) was effective in providing reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles. Our management reviewed the results of its assessment with our Board of Directors.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s
report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to a permanent exemption from the internal control audit requirements of Section
404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Internal control over financial reporting has inherent limitations which include but are not limited to the use of independent professionals for advice and guidance, interpretation of
existing and/or changing rules and principles, segregation of management duties, scale of organization, and personnel factors. Internal control over financial reporting is a process
which involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also
can  be  circumvented  by  collusion  or  improper  management  override.  Provided  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect
misstatements on a timely basis; however, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process and it is possible to design into the process safeguards
to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement
preparation and presentation. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023 that have materially, or are
reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

Item 9 C .  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

Not applicable.

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

The following table sets forth information regarding our directors and executive officers:

PART III

Name

Joni Kahn

Kenneth Galaznik

Scott Landers

Michael Taglich

Roger Kahn

Thomas R. Windhausen 

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4)

Biographies

Age

Position

Director Class

68

72

53

58

54

45

  Chairperson (1)(2)(3)(4)

  Director (1)(2)(4)

  Director (1)(2)(3)(4)

  Director

  Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

  Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

Class I

Class II

Class II

Class III

Class I

Expiration of
Class Term

2024 Annual Meeting

2025 Annual Meeting

2025 Annual Meeting

2023 Annual Meeting

2024 Annual Meeting

Member of the Audit Committee.
Member of the Compensation Committee.
Member of the Nominating and Governance Committee.
Independent director.

Joni Kahn has been a member of our Board of Directors since April 2012. In May 2015, Ms. Kahn was appointed Chairperson of the Board of Directors. She also serves as
the Chair of the Compensation Committee and is a member of the Audit and Nominating and Governance Committees. Ms. Kahn has over thirty years of operating experience with
high growth software and services companies with specific expertise in the SaaS (Software as a Service), ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Applications, Business Intelligence
and Analytics and Cybersecurity segments. From 2013 to 2015, Ms. Kahn was the Senior Vice President of Global Services for Big Machines, Inc., which was acquired by Oracle in
October 2013. From 2007 to 2012, Ms. Kahn was Vice President of Services for HP’s Enterprise Security Software group. From 2005 to 2007, Ms. Kahn was the Executive Vice
President at BearingPoint where she managed a team of over 3,000 professionals and was responsible for North American delivery of enterprise applications, systems integration
and  managed  services  solutions.  Ms.  Kahn  also  oversaw  global  development  centers  in  India,  China  and  the  U.S.  From  2002  to  2005,  Ms.  Kahn  was  the  Senior  Group  Vice
President for worldwide professional services for Business Objects, a business intelligence and analytics software maker based in San Jose, CA, where she led the applications and
services division that supported that company's transformation from a products company to an enterprise solutions company. Business Objects was acquired by SAP in 2007.
From 2000 to 2007, Ms. Kahn was a Member of the Board of Directors for MapInfo, a global location intelligence solutions company. She was a member of MapInfo’s Audit
Committee and the Compensation Committee. MapInfo was acquired by Pitney Bowes in 2007. From 1993 to 2000, Ms. Kahn was an Executive Vice President and Partner of KPMG
Consulting, where she helped grow the firm’s consulting business from $700 million to $2.5 billion. Ms. Kahn received her B.B.A in Accounting from the University of Wisconsin –
Madison. Ms. Kahn brings extensive leadership experience to our Board and our Audit Committee as an experienced senior executive. Ms. Kahn has over thirty years of executive
level managerial, operational, and strategic planning experience leading world-class sales, service and support technology organizations. Her service on prior boards also provides
financial and governance experience.

The Board of Directors has determined that Ms. Kahn’s vast experience in the technology industry and finance, as well as her executive leadership, makes her qualified to
continue as the Chairperson and member of our Board of Directors. In addition, Ms. Kahn also brings extensive leadership experience to our Board and our Audit Committee as an
experienced senior executive.

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kenneth Galaznik has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2006. Mr. Galaznik is the Chairman of the Company’s Audit Committee and serves as a member of
the Compensation Committee. From 2005 to 2016, Mr. Galaznik was the Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of American Science and Engineering, Inc., a
publicly held supplier of X-ray inspection and screening systems with a public market cap of over $200 million. Mr. Galaznik retired from his position at American Science and
Engineering on March 31, 2016. From August 2002 to February 2005, Mr. Galaznik was Vice President of Finance of American Science and Engineering, Inc. From November 2001 to
August 2002, Mr. Galaznik was self-employed as a consultant. From March 1999 to September 2001, he served as Vice President of Finance at Spectro Analytical Instruments, Inc.
and has more than 35 years of experience in accounting and finance positions. Mr. Galaznik holds a B.B.A. degree in accounting from The University of Houston. Mr. Galaznik
brings extensive experience to our Board and our Audit Committee as an experienced senior executive, a financial expert, and as a chief financial officer of a publicly-held company.

The Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Galaznik’s deep experience in finance and his executive leadership make him qualified to continue as a member of our

Board of Directors.

Scott Landers has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2010. Mr. Landers is the Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and serves as a
member of the Audit and Compensation Committees. Mr. Landers was the Chief Executive Officer of Harver, a volume hiring solution enabling global enterprises to hire at scale,
from January 2022 to October 2023. From 2016 to July 2021, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of Monotype Imaging Holdings, Inc., and he also held the positions of
Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer from 2008 to 2015. Monotype is a leading provider of fonts and font software, and the company was under both public and
private ownership during his tenure.  Prior to joining  Monotype, from  September 2007 until  July 2008,  Mr.  Landers was the  Vice  President of  Global  Finance at  Pitney  Bowes
Software, a leading global provider of location intelligence solutions. From 1997 until September 2007, Mr. Landers held several senior finance positions at MapInfo, a publicly held
company which was acquired by Pitney Bowes in April 2007. Earlier in his career, Mr. Landers was a Business Assurance Manager with Coopers & Lybrand. Mr. Landers holds a
bachelor's degree in accounting from Le Moyne College in Syracuse, N.Y. and a master’s degree in business administration from The College of Saint Rose in Albany, N.Y. Mr.
Landers brings extensive experience to our Board and our Audit Committee as an experienced senior executive, a financial expert, and a chief executive officer and a chief financial
officer of a publicly-held company.

Our  Board  of  Directors  has  determined  that  Mr.  Lander’s  financial  skills,  public-company  experience,  strategic  business  acumen  and  executive  leadership  make

him qualified to continue as a member of our Board of Directors. 

Michael Taglich has been a member of our Board of Directors since 2013. He is the Chairman and President of Taglich Brothers, Inc., a New York City based securities firm
which he co-founded in 1992 with his brother Robert Taglich. Taglich Brothers, Inc. focuses on public and private micro-cap companies in a wide variety of industries. He is
currently the Chairman of the Board of Air Industries Group Inc., a publicly traded aerospace and defense company (NYSE AIRI), and Mare Island Dry Dock Inc., a privately-held
company. He also serves as a director of a number of other private companies. Michael Taglich brings extensive professional experience which spans various aspects of senior
management, including finance, operations and strategic planning. Mr. Taglich has more than 30 years of financial industry experience and served on his first public company
board over 20 years ago.

Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Taglich’s executive strategic business skills in both private and public companies, as well as his experience leading and

advising high-growth companies, make him qualified to continue as a member of our Board of Directors.

Roger Kahn has been a member of our Board of Directors since December 2017. Mr. Kahn joined the Company as the Chief Operating Officer in August 2015 and has
been  our  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  since  May  2016.  Prior  to  joining  Bridgeline  Digital,  Mr.  Kahn  co-founded  FatWire,  a  leading  content  management  and  digital
engagement company. As the General Manager and Chief Technology Officer of FatWire, Mr. Kahn built the company into a global corporation with offices in thirteen countries.
FatWire was acquired by Oracle in 2011. Mr. Kahn received his Ph.D. in Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence from the University of Chicago.

Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Kahn’s vast experience as a successful entrepreneur in the technology space, as well as his technical and leadership

acumen, make him qualified to continue as a member of our Board of Directors.

Thomas Windhausen has served as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since November 2021. Prior to that he served as the Company’s VP of Finance
since  October  2021.  Mr.  Windhausen  came  to  Bridgeline  with  more  than  20  years  of  experience  in  both  public  accounting  and  industry.  Prior  to  joining  the  Company,  Mr.
Windhausen served as a VP of Finance with Comtech Telecommunications Corp. from July 2019 to September 2021, and from June 2011 to June 2019, Mr. Windhausen held various
accounting and finance roles with Dealertrack Technologies, Inc., and its successor Cox Automotive Inc. Mr. Windhausen started his career at PricewaterhouseCoopers, where he
spent more than 10 years. He received his Bachelor’s of Science degree in Accounting from Le Moyne College in Syracuse, N.Y. and he is a member of the American Institute of
Certified Public Accountants and New York State Society of Certified Public Accountants.

There  are  no  family  relationships  between  any  of  the  directors  and  the  Company’s  executive  officers,  including  between  Ms.  Joni  Kahn  and  Mr.  Roger  Kahn,  the

Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer.

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Section 16(A) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company’s executive officers, directors and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of a registered class of the
Company’s equity securities to file certain reports regarding ownership of, and transactions in, the Company’s securities with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These
officers, directors and stockholders are also required by SEC rules to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) reports that they file with the SEC. Based solely on a
review of the copies of such forms and amendments thereto received by it, the Company believes that during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, all Section 16(a) filing
requirements  applicable  to  our  officers,  directors,  and  greater  than  10%  beneficial  owners  have  been  met,  with  the  exception  of  two  Form  4s  for  Roger  Kahn  that  were  both
inadvertently filed untimely, disclosing four transactions and three transactions, respectively.

Code of Conduct and Ethics

The Company’s Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics within the meaning of Item 406(b) of Regulation S-K of the Securities Act that applies to all of the
Company’s officers and employees, including its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar
functions. The Code of Ethics codifies the business and ethical principles that govern the Company’s business. A copy of the Code of Ethics is available on the Company's
website www.bridgeline.com. The Company intends to post amendments to or waivers from its Code of Ethics (to the extent applicable to its principal executive officer, principal
financial officer or principal accounting officer) on its website. The Company’s website is not incorporated herein by reference.

Meetings of the Board of Directors

During fiscal 2023, the Board of Directors met 6 times.

Committees of the Board of Directors

The Company has an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee assists the Board in the oversight of the audit of our consolidated financial statements and the quality and integrity of our accounting, auditing and
financial reporting processes. The Audit Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the Board concerning the selection and engagement of independent registered
public accountants and for reviewing the scope of the annual audit, audit fees, results of the audit and auditor independence. The Audit Committee also reviews and discusses
with management and the Board such matters as accounting policies, internal accounting controls and procedures for preparation of financial statements. Our Audit Committee is
comprised of Mr. Galaznik (Chair), Ms. Kahn and Mr. Landers. Our Board has determined that each of the members of the Audit Committee meet the criteria for independence under
the standards provided by the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Board of Directors has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. A copy of such charter is available on the
Company’s website, www.bridgeline.com. During fiscal 2023, the Audit Committee met 4 times. Each member of the Audit Committee attended each such meeting. The Chairman of
the Audit Committee was present at all meetings. 

Our Board has also determined that Mr. Galaznik and Mr. Landers both qualify as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under Item 407(d)-(5) of Regulation S-K

and as an independent director as defined by the Nasdaq listing standards.

Compensation Committee

The Compensation Committee evaluates the performance of our senior executives, considers the design and competitiveness of our compensation plans, including the
review of independent research and data regarding compensation paid to executives of public companies of similar size and geographic location, reviews and approves senior
executive compensation and administers our equity compensation plans. In addition, the Committee also conducts reviews of executive compensation to ensure compliance with
Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Our Compensation Committee is comprised of Ms. Kahn (Chair), Mr. Galaznik and Mr. Landers, all of whom are
independent directors. The Board of Directors has adopted a written charter for the Compensation Committee. A copy of such charter is available on the Company’s website,
www.bridgeline.com. During fiscal 2023, the Compensation Committee met 2 times and acted 1 time by unanimous written consent.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

The Nominating and Governance Committee identifies candidates for future Board membership and proposes criteria for Board candidates and candidates to fill Board
vacancies, as well as a slate of directors for election by the stockholders at each annual meeting. The Nominating and Governance Committee also annually assesses and reports to
the Board on Board and Board Committee performance and effectiveness and reviews and makes recommendations to the Board concerning the composition, size and structure of
the Board and its committees. A copy of such charter is available on the Company's website, www.bridgeline.com. Our Nominating and Governance Committee is comprised of Mr.
Landers (Chair) and Ms. Kahn, each of whom are independent directors. During fiscal 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee met 3 times.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 11. Executive Compensation.

Summary Compensation Table

The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth the total compensation paid or accrued for the fiscal years ended  September 30, 2023 and  September 30, 2022 for our
principal executive officer and our other two most highly compensated executive officers who were serving as executive officers as of September 30, 2023. We refer to these officers
as our named executive officers.

Name and Principal Position
Roger Kahn - President and Chief Executive Officer

Thomas R. Windhausen - Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, and Secretary

Employment Agreements

Roger Kahn

Fiscal Year
End
2023
2022

2023
2022

  $
  $

  $
  $

Salary

Bonus

Total

400,000    $
339,333    $

251,250    $
240,000    $

99,188    $
114,411    $

42,534    $
16,818    $

499,188 
453,744 

293,784 
256,818 

On August 24, 2015, Mr. Roger “Ari” Kahn joined Bridgeline Digital, Inc. as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer. On December 1, 2015, Mr. Kahn and another were named Co-
Interim Chief Executive Officers and Presidents and assumed the responsibilities of the Office of the Chief Executive Officer and President. On May 6, 2016, the Company appointed
Mr. Kahn as President and Chief Executive Officer, effective May 10, 2016. Mr. Kahn’s employment agreement was amended and reported on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May
13, 2016.

A new employment agreement was entered into on September 13, 2019 by and between the Company and Mr. Kahn. The principal change to Mr. Kahn’s employment agreement, is
that it will automatically renew each fiscal year unless the Company provides written notice of its intent not to renew such employment agreement at least sixty (60) days in
advance of the Company’s fiscal year rather than the employment agreement only renewing upon notice from the Company. In furtherance of Mr. Kahn’s employment with the
Company, a first amendment to Mr. Kahn, which amended the September 12, 2019 employment agreement, entitles Mr. Kahn to an annual salary of $330,000 starting on the date of
the amendment and an annual bonus of $137,500.

On August 18, 2022, an amendment to the employment agreement between the Company and Mr. Kahn was made, effective August 14, 2022 (the “Second Amendment”). The
Second Amendment provides for the following: (i) an increase in Mr. Kahn’s annual salary to $400,000; (ii) the opportunity for Mr. Kahn to earn a periodic incentive bonus, subject
to his satisfaction of certain performance metrics; and (iii) the Company’s right, but not its obligation, to issue discretionary equity incentive awards to Mr. Kahn, subject to
applicable award agreements, equity incentive plans, and other such applicable terms, restrictions, and provisions. In connection with the Second Amendment, Mr. Kahn was
given the opportunity to earn a $100,000 bonus with respect to the second half of fiscal 2022 and was awarded 200,000 shares of restricted stock (the “Restricted Stock Award”),
pursuant to the Company’s 2016 Stock Incentive Plan. Mr. Kahn’s Restricted Stock Award vests in quarterly installments over a three year period. Mr. Kahn will also have the
opportunity to earn one or more future incentive bonuses aggregating $200,000 for each year. All other terms of Mr. Kahn’s employment agreement, as amended are unchanged.

Thomas R. Windhausen

Effective November 30, 2021, Thomas R. Windhausen was appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company. The Company
and Mr. Windhausen entered into an employment agreement (the “Employment Agreement”), effective November 30, 2021 through September 30, 2022, unless extended by mutual
agreement of the Company and Mr. Windhausen, whereby he will receive $240,000 base salary and the ability to earn a bi-annual incentive bonus of $22,500, which incentive
bonus may be awarded to Mr. Windhausen at the discretion of the Company’s Compensation Committee. The Employment Agreement also provides that Mr. Windhausen will be
eligible to participate in all other employee benefits plans and programs, and, in the event Mr. Windhausen’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause, he is
entitled to receive severance benefits.

59

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal 2023 Year-End

The following table sets forth information concerning outstanding stock options for each named executive officer as of September 30, 2023.

Name

Grant Date

Number of Securities
Underlying
Unexercised Options
Exercisable (1)

Number of Securities
Underlying
Unexercised Options
Unexercisable (1)

    Exercise Price ($/sh)  

Option Expiration
Date

Roger Kahn

Thomas R. Windhausen

8/24/2015(1) 
8/19/2016(1) 
11/20/2019(1) 
4/14/2022(2) 
6/30/2023(2) 
Total 

9/30/2021(1) 
6/30/2023(3) 
Total 

800     
4,446     
249,353     
181,000     
25,000     
460,599     

20,000     
2,500     
22,500     

-    $
-    $
-    $
181,000    $
275,000    $
456,000     

10,000    $
27,500    $
37,500     

287.50 
205.00 
1.40 
1.85 
1.18 

4.11 
1.18 

8/24/2025
8/19/2026
11/20/2029
4/14/2032
6/30/2033

9/30/2031
6/30/2033

(1) Shares vest in equal installments upon the anniversary date of the grant over three years.
(2) Shares vest in equal installments on a monthly basis over three years.
(3) Shares vest in equal installments on a quarterly basis over three years.

Roger Kahn also holds 200,000 shares of restricted stock granted which were granted in August 2022 and which vest in quarterly installments over a three year period. As of
September 30, 2023, 133,336 shares remained restricted.

Director Compensation

The non-employee members of our Board of Directors are compensated as follows:

● Compensation. Each outside director receives an annual retainer of $12,000 and is compensated $1,500 for each meeting such director attends in person. Members of

the Audit Committee receive additional annual compensation of $3,000.

● Committee Chair Bonus. The Chair of the Board of Directors receives an additional annual fee of $15,000. The Chair of the Audit Committee receives an additional
annual fee of $10,000. The Chairs of the Compensation Committee and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee each receive an additional annual fee of $5,000.
These fees are payable in lump sums in advance. Other directors who serve on our standing committees, other than the Audit Committee, do not receive additional
compensation for their committee services.

Director Compensation Table

The following table sets forth information concerning the compensation paid to our non-employee directors during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2023.

Director
Ken Galaznik
Joni Kahn
Scott Landers
Michael Taglich

Annual
Retainer

Board
Meetings

Chairman

Additional

Total

  $

  $

12,000    $
12,000     
12,000     
12,000     
48,000    $

60

6,000    $
6,000     
6,000     
6,000     
24,000    $

10,000    $
15,000     
5,000     
-     
30,000    $

-    $
3,000     
3,000     
-     
6,000    $

28,000 
36,000 
26,000 
18,000 
108,000 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
       
       
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
   
 
   
       
       
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person or a group and the
percentage ownership of that person or group, shares of our common stock subject to options or warrants currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days after December 22,
2023 are deemed outstanding, but are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.  Unless otherwise indicated, the
address of each individual named below is our address, 100 Sylvan Road, Suite G-700, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801.

The following tables set forth, as of December 22, 2023, the beneficial ownership of our Series C Preferred and Common Stock by (i) each person or group of persons known to us
to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of each class of the outstanding securities, (ii) each of our directors and named executive officers, and (iii) all of our
executive officers and directors as a group. At the close of business on December 22, 2023, there were 350 shares of our Series C Preferred and 10,417,609 shares of our Common
Stock issued and outstanding.

Except  as  indicated  in  the  footnotes  to  the  tables  below,  each  stockholder  named  in  the  table  has  sole  voting  and  investment  power  with  respect  to  the  shares  shown  as
beneficially owned by such stockholder.

This information is based upon information received from or on behalf of the individuals named herein.

Series C Preferred Stock
Name and Address
Michael and Claudia Taglich, 790 New York Avenue, Huntington, NY 11743
All current executive officers and directors as a group

Number of Shares Owned
350(A)
350 

    Percent of Shares Outstanding  
100% 
*

(A)

Holder  of  Series  C  Preferred  are  entitled  to  vote  on  all  matters  presented  to  our  stockholders  on  an  as-converted  basis.  Each  share  of  Series  C  Preferred  Stock  is
convertible, at the option of each respective holder, into approximately 111.11 shares of Common Stock.

Common Stock
Name and Address
Roger Kahn President - Chief Executive Officer, Director
Michael Taglich - Director
Joni Kahn - Director
Scott Landers - Director
Kenneth Galaznik - Director
Thomas R. Windhausen - Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer, and Secretary
All current executive officers and directors as a group

Number of Shares Owned

1,488,397  (1)
318,934  (2)
118,153  (3)
118,150  (4)
118,187  (5)
25,000  (6)
2,186,821  (7)

      Percent of Shares Outstanding  
13.57% 
2.99% 
1.12% 
1.12% 
1.12% 
0.24% 
18.84% 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Includes 552,544 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023).
Includes 200,000 shares of restricted stock. Includes 545 shares of common stock owned by Mr. Kahn’s spouse.

Includes 117,668 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023) and
100,500 shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants, and 38,889 shares issuable upon the exercise of Series C preferred stock Also includes 35 shares of Common Stock
and 2 shares issuable upon the exercise of warrants owned by Mr. Taglich’s spouse.

Includes 117,588 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023).

Includes 117,588 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023).
Includes 8 shares of Common Stock owned by Mr. Lander’s children.

Includes 117,588 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023).

Includes 25,000 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023).

Includes 1,047,976 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable options (includes options that will become exercisable within 60 days of December 22, 2023),
and 139,389 other issuable shares including warrants and preferred stock.

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
 
   
     
 
 
 
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
   
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We maintain a number of equity compensation plans for employees, officers, directors and other entities and individuals whose efforts contribute to our success. The table
below sets forth certain information as of our fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, regarding the shares of our common stock available for grant or granted under our equity
compensation plans.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of outstanding
options, warrants and
rights

    Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Plan category

(a)

(b)

    Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (a))
(c)

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (1)

Total

(1) At September 30, 2023, there were 1,757,629 total warrants outstanding.

62

1,831,515    $

1,757,629     

3,589,144    $

2.56     

3.64     

-     

315,422 

- 

315,422 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
     
     
 
       
 
   
 
     
     
 
       
 
   
 
     
     
 
       
 
   
 
 
 
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Item 404(d) of Regulation S-K requires the Company to disclose any transaction or proposed transaction which occurred since the beginning of the two most recently completed
fiscal years in which the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or one percent (1%) of the average of the Company’s total assets as of the end of the last two completed
fiscal years in which the Company is a participant and in which any related person has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. A related person is any executive officer,
director, nominee for director, or holder of 5% or more of the Company's Common Stock, or an immediate family member of any of those persons.

In accordance with our Audit Committee charter, our Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving the terms of any related-party transactions. Therefore, any
material  financial  transaction  between  the  Company  and  any  related  person  would  need  to  be  approved  by  our Audit  Committee  prior  to  the  Company  entering  into  such
transaction.

In October 2013, Mr. Michael Taglich joined the Board of Directors. Michael Taglich is the Chairman and President of Taglich Brothers, Inc., a New York based securities firm.
Taglich Brothers, Inc. acted as placement agents for many of the Company’s private offerings and debt issuances. In consideration of previous loans made by Michael Taglich to
the Company and the personal guaranty on a former third-party credit facility no longer maintained by the Company, Mr. Taglich has been issued warrants to purchase common
stock totaling 1,080 shares at an exercise price of $1,000.00 per share.

In connection with previous private offerings and debt issuances, which occurred prior to the fiscal years presented in these consolidated financial statements, Taglich Brothers,
Inc. was granted  Placement Agent  Warrants to purchase 4,246 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $321.00 per share and were granted  Placement Agent
Warrants to purchase 10,926 shares of common stock at a weighted average price of $761.61 per share.

In November 2018, the Company engaged Taglich Brothers, on a non-exclusive basis, to perform advisory and investment banking services to identify possible acquisition target
possibilities. Fees for the services were $8 thousand per month for three months and $5 thousand thereafter, cancellable at any time. Taglich Brothers could also earn a success fee
ranging from $200,000 for a revenue target acquisition of under $5 million up to $1 million for an acquisition target over $200 million. In connection with the asset purchase of
Stantive, Taglich Brothers earned a success fee of $200,000.

Michael Taglich purchased 350 units in the amount of $350,000 of Series C Preferred Stock and associated warrants in the private transaction consummated on March 13, 2019. Mr.
Taglich’s purchase was subject to stockholder approval pursuant to the  Nasdaq  Stock  Market  Listing 5635(c), for which approval by the stockholders of the  Company was
obtained on April 26, 2019.

In  connection  with  the  Company’s  registered  direct  offering  completed  in  February  2021,  the  Company  issued  Taglich  Brothers  29,084  Investors  warrants.  Each  warrant  to
purchase common stock expires five years from the date of issuance and is non-cash exercisable for $3.875 per share beginning six-months from the date of issuance, or February 4,
2021. The warrants expire February 4, 2026.

In connection with the Company’s Series D Preferred Stock registered direct offering and PIPE completed in May 2021, the Company issued Taglich Brothers 53,861 Investors
warrants. Each warrant to purchase common stock expires five years from the date of issuance and is non-cash exercisable for $2.850 per share beginning six-months from the date
of issuance, or May 14, 2021. The warrants expire May 12, 2026.

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

Audit Fees

The firm of PKF O’Connor Davies LLP acts as our principal independent registered public accounting firm (PCAOB ID No. 127). They have served as our independent auditors
since February 27, 2021.

The table below shows the aggregate fees that the Company paid or accrued for the audit and other services provided by PKF O’Connor Davies LLP for the fiscal year ended
September  30,  2023  and  2022.  The  Company  did  not  engage  its  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  during  either  of  the  fiscal  years  ended  September  30,  2023  or
September 30, 2022 for any other non-audit services.

Type of Service

Audit Fees
Audit-Related Fees
Tax Fees
Total

Amount of Fee for Fiscal Year Ended
  September 30, 2023     September 30, 2022  
243,050 
  $
— 
— 
243,050 

245,500    $
—     
—     
245,500    $

  $

Audit Fees. This category includes fees for the audits of the Company's annual financial statements, review of financial statements included in the Company's Form 10-Q
Quarterly Reports and services that are normally provided by the independent auditors in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the relevant fiscal
years. 

Audit-Related Fees. This category consists of audits performed in connection with certain acquisitions. 

Tax Fees. This category consists of professional services rendered for tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice. The services for the fees disclosed under this category

include tax return preparation, research and technical tax advice.

There were no other fees paid or accrued to PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP in the fiscal years ended September 30, 2023 or September 30, 2022.

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures.

Before an independent public accounting firm is engaged by the Company to render audit or non-audit services, the engagement is approved by the Audit Committee. Our
Audit Committee has the sole authority to approve the scope of the audit and any audit-related services as well as all audit fees and terms. Our Audit Committee must pre-approve
any audit and non-audit related services by our independent registered public accounting firm. During our fiscal year ended September 30, 2023, no services were provided to us
by our independent registered public accounting firm other than in accordance with the pre-approval procedures described herein.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) Documents Filed as Part of this Form 10-K

1. Financial Statements (included in Item 8 of this report on Form 10-K):

PART IV

– Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
–Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and 2022
–Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
–Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss) for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
–Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
–Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
–Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2. Financial Statement Schedules

–Not applicable

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(b) Exhibits

Documents listed below, except for documents followed by a parenthetical, are being filed as exhibits. Documents followed by a parenthetical are not being filed herewith and,
pursuant to Rule 12b-32 of the General Rules and Regulations promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act), reference is made to such documents
as previously filed as exhibits with the SEC.

Exhibit 
No.
3.1

  Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended

Exhibit

Incorporated by Reference

Filing
Date

May 15, 2013 

Exhibit
No.
3.1

Form  
10-Q

Filed
Herewith

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

4.1

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

  Amended and Restated By-Laws

Amendment to the Amended and Restated Bylaws of Bridgeline Digital, Inc.,
dated September 9, 2021

  Certificate of Designation of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock 

  Certificate of Designation of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock 

Registration Rights Agreement, dated November 3, 2016, by and between
Bridgeline Digital, Inc. and the Investors party thereto

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

December 14, 2018 

September 10, 2021 

November 4, 2014 

October 19, 2018 

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.1

November 4, 2016 

10.3

  Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan, as amended 

  DEF 14 A  

July 14, 2014  Appendix C    

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Issued to Placement Agent

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Issued by Company to Michael
Taglich dated January 7, 2015

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Issued by Company to Michael
Taglich dated February 17, 2015

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Issued by Company to Michael
Taglich dated May 12, 2015

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant Issued by Company to Michael
Taglich dated July 21, 2015

8-K

8-K

10-Q

10-Q

10-Q

8-K

November 4, 2014 

January 9, 2015 

10.2

10.2

February 17, 2015 

10.2

May 15, 2015 

May 15, 2015 

10.6

10.9

July 24, 2015 

10.2

  Bridgeline Digital Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan

  DEF 14 A  

March 22, 2016  Appendix B    

Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant issued to Placement Agent

Placement Agreement between Bridgeline Digital, Inc and Taglich Brothers, Inc
dated March 31, 2016

Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated November 3, 2016

Form of Purchaser Warrant

Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated November 3, 2016

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

May 17, 2016 

June 15, 2016 

November 4, 2016 

November 4, 2016 

November 4, 2016 

10.3

10.3

10.1

10.2

10.3

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31

10.32

10.33

Form of Insider Securities Purchase Agreement dated November 3, 2016

Loan and Security Agreement between Bridgeline Digital, Inc and Montage
Capital II, L.P. dated October 10, 2017

Form of Warrant to Purchase Stock issued to Montage Capital II, L.P

Intercreditor Agreement between Heritage Bank of Commerce and Montage
Capital II, L.P dated October 10, 2017

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

November 4, 2016 

October 13, 2017 

October 13, 2017 

October 13, 2017 

10.4

10.1

10.2

10.3

First Amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement between Bridgeline Digital,
Inc and Montage Capital II. LP, dated May 10, 2018

10-Q

May 15, 2018 

10.2

Form of Note Purchase Agreement

Form of Promissory Note

Form of Subordination Agreement

Second Amendment to the Loan and Security Agreement between Bridgeline
Digital, Inc and Montage Capital II, L.P., dated October 22, 2018

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

September 11, 2018 

September 11, 2018 

September 11, 2018 

October 24, 2018 

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.1

First Amendment to the Bridgeline Digital, Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan

  DEF 14-A  

August 23, 2019  Appendix B   

Share Purchase Agreement, by and between the Company and WooRank SRL.,
dated February 2, 2021

Form of Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 4, 2021

Form of Placement Agent Warrant, dated February 4, 2021

Employment Agreement dated September 13, 2019 between Bridgeline Digital, Inc.
and Roger “Ari” Kahn

First Amendment to Roger “Ari” Kahn’s Employment Agreement dated February
25, 2021 

Share Purchase Agreement, by and between the Company, Svanaco, Inc., an
Illinois corporation, Svanawar, Inc., an Illinois corporation, and HawkSearch Inc.,
an Illinois corporation, dated May 11, 2021

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

8-K

February 3, 2021 

10.1

February 9, 2021 

February 9, 2021 

September 19, 2018 

10.1

10.2

10.1

March 2, 2021 

10.1

May 12, 2021 

10.1

Employment Agreement dated November 30, 2021 between Bridgeline Digital, Inc.
and Thomas R. Windhausen

10-K 

December 20, 2021  

10.29 

Second Amendment to the Bridgeline Digital, Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan

  DEF 14-A  

February 14, 2022  Appendix A   

Amendment to Stock Purchase Agreement, among Bridgeline Digital, Inc.,
Svanaco, Inc., Svanawar, Inc., and HawkSearch Inc., dated June 15, 2022.

Second Amendment to Roger “Ari” Kahn’s Employment Agreement, effective
August 14, 2022 

8-K

8-K

June 22, 2022 

10.1

August 24, 2022 

10.1

10.34

Third Amendment to the Bridgeline Digital, Inc. 2016 Stock Incentive Plan

  DEF 14-A  

April 17, 2023  Appendix A   

67

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
Exhibit
No.
21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

97

101.INS**
101.SCH**
101.CAL**
101.DEF**
101.LAB**
101.PRE**

104

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Exhibit

  Consent of PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP

  CEO Certification, Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

  CFO Certification, Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

  CEO Certification, Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

  CFO Certification, Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

  Clawback Policy

Inline XBRL Instance
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation

Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL and contained
in Exhibit 101)

(c) Financial Statement Schedules

Not applicable 

68

  Incorporated by Reference

Form  

Filing Date

  Exhibit No.  

Filed
Herewith
X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X
X
X
X
X
X

X

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of  Section 13 or 15(d) of the  Securities  Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

BRIDGELINE DIGITAL, INC.
a Delaware corporation

By:

/s/ Roger Kahn

Name: Roger Kahn

December 27, 2023

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the

capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ Roger Kahn
Roger Kahn

/s/ Thomas R. Windhausen
Thomas R. Windhausen

/s/Kenneth Galaznik
Kenneth Galaznik

/s/ Joni Kahn
Joni Kahn

/s/ Scott Landers
Scott Landers

/s/ Michael Taglich
Michael Taglich

President and Chief Executive Officer, Director
(Principal Executive Officer) 

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) 

Director

Director

Director

Director

69

December 27, 2023

December 27, 2023

December 27, 2023

December 27, 2023

December 27, 2023

December 27, 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsidiaries of Bridgeline Digital, Inc.

EXHIBIT 21.1

Bridgeline Digital Pvt. Ltd.
Bridgeline Digital Canada, Inc.
Bridgeline Digital Belgium BV
Hawk Search, Inc.
Woorank SRL

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM'S CONSENT

EXHIBIT 23.1

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-213185, 333-208891, 333-170819, 333-188854, 333-
181677, 333-181678, 333-234771 and 333-264937) and Form S-3 (Nos. 333-214602, 333-230816, 333-239104, 333-256638 and 333-262764) of our report dated December 27, 2023,  and
with respect to our audit of the consolidated financial statements of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. as of September 30, 2023 and 2022 and for the years then ended, which report is included
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. for the year ended September 30, 2023.

/s/ PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP

New York, New York
December 27, 2023

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1

I, Roger Kahn, certify that:

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

1.  

2.  

3.  

4.  

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Bridgeline Digital, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light
of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results
of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d- 15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during
the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter
(the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting; and

5.  

The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors
and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to
adversely affect the Company’s ability to recognize, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.

Date:       December 27, 2023

/s/ Roger Kahn
Roger Kahn
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Thomas R. Windhausen, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Bridgeline Digital, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light
of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results
of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The Company’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-
15(e) and 15d- 15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that
material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during
the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;

Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter
(the Company’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors
and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are  reasonably  likely  to
adversely affect the Company’s ability to recognize, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.

Date:       December 27, 2023

/s/ Thomas R. Windhausen
Thomas R. Windhausen
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. (the "Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report”), Roger Kahn, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the dates presented and

result of operations of the Company for the periods presented.

Date:       December 27, 2023

Name:
Title:

/s/ Roger Kahn
Roger Kahn
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley

Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

EXHIBIT 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. (the "Company”) on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023 as filed with the Securities and
Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  "Report”),  Thomas  R.  Windhausen,  Chief  Financial  Officer  of  the  Company  certifies,  pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of his knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the dates presented and

result of operations of the Company for the periods presented. 

Date:       December 27, 2023

Name:
Title:

/s/ Thomas R. Windhausen
Thomas R. Windhausen
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

This certification accompanies the Report pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley

Act of 2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION CLAWBACK POLICY

Exhibit 97

A.

Introduction

The Board of Directors (the "Board”) of Bridgeline Digital, Inc. (the "Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries have adopted this policy (this "Policy”) to provide for the
recovery or "clawback” of erroneously awarded incentive-based compensation from certain executive officers in accordance with Section 10D of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act”) and Rule 10D-1 thereunder and the applicable listing rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market ("Nasdaq”), including Nasdaq Listing Rule
5608.

In the event that the Company is required to prepare an Accounting Restatement (as defined below) due to the Company’s material noncompliance with any financial reporting
requirement under the securities laws, the Company will reasonably promptly recover Incentive-Based Compensation (as defined below) from any of the Company’s current or
former  executive  officers  to  the  extent  such  Incentive-Based  Compensation  was:  (i)  "Received”  (as  defined  below)  during  the  three-year  period  preceding  the  date  the
Company is required to prepare the Accounting Restatement, and (ii) in excess of what would have been paid to the executive officer under the Accounting Restatement.

This Policy shall be effective as of the date it is adopted by the Board (the "Effective Date”) and shall apply to Incentive Compensation that is approved, awarded, or granted
to Covered Executives (as defined below) on or after October 2, 2023.

B. Administration

This Policy shall be administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board (the "Committee”). The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to
make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of this Policy. Any determinations made by the Compensation Committee shall be final and
binding on all affected individuals.

C. Covered Executives

This Policy applies to the Company’s current and former executive officers, as determined by the Board in accordance with Section 10D of the Exchange Act and the applicable
Nasdaq listing standards, and such other senior executives/employees who may from time to time be deemed subject to the Policy by the Committee ("Covered Executives”).
For the avoidance of doubt, the term "Covered Executives” shall include (i) any individual currently of previously designated as an "officer” of the Company as defined in
Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act, and (ii) shall include each "executive officer” who is or was identified pursuant to Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K.

D. Accounting Restatement

For the purposes of this Policy, an "Accounting Restatement” shall mean an accounting restatement of the Company’s financial statements due to the material noncompliance
of the Company with any financial reporting requirement under the securities laws, including any required accounting restatement to correct an error (i) in previously issued
financial statements that is material to the previously issued financial statements, or (ii) that is not material to previously issued financial statements, but would result in a
material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period, within the meaning of Rule 10D-1 and Rule 5608.

E.

Incentive Compensation; Financial Reporting Measure

For  purposes  of  this  Policy,  "Incentive  Compensation”  means  any  compensation  granted,  earned,  or  vested  based  wholly  or  in  part  upon  the  attainment  of  a  Financial
Reporting  Measure  (including  cash  and  stock  options  awarded  as  compensation).  Financial  Reporting  Measures  are  measures  that  are  determined  and  presented  in
accordance with the accounting principles used in the Company’s financial statements, and any measures that are derived wholly or in part from such measures, as well as the
Company’s stock price and total stockholder return.

F. Application

In  the  event  the  Company  is  required  to  prepare  and  file  an Accounting  Restatement,  the  Committee  will  require  the  recovery  of  any  excess  Incentive  Compensation
"Received”1 by any Covered Executive during the three (3) completed fiscal years immediately preceding the date on which the Company is required to prepare an Accounting
Restatement.

G. Excess Incentive Compensation

The amount to be recovered will be the excess of the Incentive Compensation paid to the Covered Executive based on the erroneous data over the Incentive Compensation
that would have been paid to the Covered Executive had it been based on the restated results, as determined by the Committee. These determinations are made on a pre-tax
basis. If the Committee cannot determine the amount of excess Incentive Compensation received by the Covered Executive directly from the information in the Accounting
Restatement, then it will make its determination based on a reasonable estimate of the effect of the Accounting Restatement.

1 Incentive Compensation is deemed "Received” in the Company’s fiscal period during which the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive Compensation award is attained, even if the payment
or grant of the Incentive Compensation occurs after the end of that period.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
H. Recovery; Clawback

The Committee shall recover any excess Incentive Compensation in accordance with this Policy unless such recovery would be impracticable, as determined by the Committee
in accordance with Rule 10D-1 of the Exchange Act and any applicable listing rules or standards adopted by Nasdaq. The Committee will determine, in its sole discretion, the
method for recovering Incentive Compensation hereunder which shall include, without limitation any remedial and recovery method permitted by applicable law and shall be
applied to the fullest extent of applicable law. Any right of recovery hereunder is in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other remedies or rights that may be available to the
Company under applicable law, regulation or rule, and pursuant to the terms of any similar policy or recovery provision in any applicable employment agreement, severance
agreement, equity award agreement, bonus plan, or similar agreement or plan, and any other legal remedies available to the Company. The provisions of this Policy are in
addition to, and not in lieu of, any rights of recovery the Company may have under Section 304 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

I.

Prohibition on Indemnification and Insurance

The Company, its subsidiaries, and its affiliates shall not indemnify any Covered Executives against the loss of any erroneously awarded Incentive Compensation, nor shall
they pay for, or reimburse any Covered Executive for any insurance policy entered into by a Covered Executive that provides for coverage (full or partial) in connection with
any recovery obligation pursuant to this Policy.

J.

Interpretation

The Committee is authorized to interpret and construe this Policy and to make all determinations necessary, appropriate, or advisable for the administration of this Policy. It is
intended that this Policy be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of Section 10D of the Exchange Act and any applicable rules or standards adopted
by the Securities and Exchange Commission and any applicable listing rules or standards adopted by Nasdaq.

K. Amendment; Termination

The Committee may amend this Policy from time to time in its discretion and shall amend this Policy as it deems necessary to reflect final regulations adopted by the Securities
and Exchange Commission under Section 10D of the Exchange Act and to comply with any applicable listing rules or standards adopted by Nasdaq. The Committee may
terminate this Policy at any time.

L. Successors

This Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Executives and their beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives.

M. Mandatory Disclosures

The  Company shall file this  Policy as an exhibit to its Annual  Report on  Form 10-K and, if applicable, disclose information relating to the occurrence of an Accounting
Restatement in accordance with applicable law, including, but not limited to, the Exchange Act and any applicable listing rules or standards adopted by Nasdaq. In the event
the  Company  is  required  to  clawback  any  erroneously  awarded  incentive-based  compensation  from  any  executive  officer  in  accordance  with  the  Exchange Act  and  any
applicable  listing  rules  or  standards  adopted  by  Nasdaq,  and  the  occurrence  of  such  is  disclosed  by  the  Company  in  a  public  filing  required  by  the  Exchange Act,  the
Company will disclose (i) the aggregate amount recovered, or (ii) if no amount was recovered, the absence of a recoverable amount.

2