Brookfield Asset
Management
A N N U A L R E P O R T
C O N T E N T S
Brookfield at a Glance
Investment Approach
Letter to Shareholders
Value Creation
Sustainability
Management’s Discussion & Analysis
Financial Statements
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
B R O O K F I E L D
A T A G L A N C E
Brookfield Asset Management is one of the largest and fastest growing alternative
asset managers in the world. We manage over $900 billion of capital on behalf of more
than 2,000 global institutional clients. We have over 2,400 investment and asset
management professionals investing in 30 countries across five continents supported
by over 240,000 operating employees.
We draw on our 100+ year heritage as an owner and
operator to invest for value and seek to generate strong
returns for our clients across economic cycles. We invest in
high-quality, essential assets and businesses that form the
backbone of the global economy. With a focus on investing
in renewable power & transition, infrastructure, private
equity, real estate, and credit, we believe that we are well-
positioned to capture the significant opportunities ahead,
many of which will be driven by the large secular trends
of decarbonization, deglobalization and digitalization.
2023 was the first year for Brookfield Asset Management
as a separately listed company, providing a simple security
that is more easily understood and better appreciated as a
pure-play, alternative asset manager by the public markets.
We derive nearly all of our earnings from our stable capital
base, which is over 85% long-term or perpetual in nature.
We aim to return 90%–100% of our Distributable Earnings
back to our shareholders in the form of a dividend or share
repurchases. As of December 31, 2023, we earned over
$2 billion of Distributable Earnings per year. At our latest
investor day, we set an ambitious five-year growth target
to more than double Distributable Earnings to $5 billion
by 2028. This growth will come from increasing our
Fee-Bearing Capital, which is expected to reach $1 trillion
over the next five years.
Berlin, Germany
We invest in high-quality,
essential assets and businesses
that form the backbone
of the global economy.
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HOW WE IN VES T
The Brookfield Ecosystem
We invest where we can bring our
competitive advantages to bear, leveraging
our global presence and reputation,
the synergies of our businesses, and
access to large-scale, flexible capital.
Long-Life, High-Quality Assets
and Businesses
We invest in a global and diverse portfolio
of high-quality assets and businesses that
generate stable, inflation-linked, largely
contracted and growing revenue streams,
and high cash margins.
Diverse Product Offering
We offer core, core-plus, value-add,
opportunistic / growth equity, secondaries,
subordinated debt and credit strategies through
closed-end and perpetual vehicles in both the
public and private markets.
Disciplined Financing Approach
We take a conservative approach to the use of
leverage, ensuring that we can preserve capital
across business cycles.
Sustainability
We are committed to ensuring that the assets and
businesses we invest in are set up for long-term
success, and we seek to have a positive impact on
the environment and the communities in which
we operate.
The “Manager,” the “company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. together with our asset
management business and Oaktree (each as defined below). The
“Corporation” refers to Brookfield Corporation and its subsidiaries
(including the perpetual affiliates (as defined below)). Additional
discussion of the Corporation’s and the perpetual affiliates’
businesses and results can be found in their public filings. Please
refer to the Glossary of Terms beginning on page 101 which
defines our key performance measures that we use to measure
our business.
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
NORTH AMERICA
$545B AUM
~105,000
Operating Employees
SOUTH AMERICA
$59B AUM
~31,000
Operating Employees
GLOBAL REACH
$900B+
A SSE T S UNDER
M A N AGEMENT
NYSE: BAM
TSX : BAM
EUROPE &
MIDDLE EAST
$181B AUM
~55,000
Operating Employees
ASIA PACIFIC
$131B AUM
~49,000
Operating Employees
2,400+
30+
~240,000
IN V ES TMENT &
COUNTRIES
OPER ATING
EMPLOY EES
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$457B
FEE- BE A RING
C A PITA L
A SSE T M A N AGEMENT
PROFESSION A L S
I N V E S T M E N T
A P P R O A C H
Our disciplined, well-established approach to investing reflects our 100+ year
history as an owner and operator. We focus on value creation for our clients, investing
in high-quality assets and businesses within our areas of expertise. We then manage
these assets and businesses proactively and finance them conservatively—with the
objective of generating attractive, long-term risk-adjusted returns over the life of our
investment strategies.
Brookfield Asset Management's investment approach is anchored by a set of core
tenets that guide our decision-making and determine how we measure success:
OUR BUSINESS PRINCIPLES
OUR INVESTMENT APPROACH
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Operate our business and conduct our
relationships with integrity
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Invest in high-quality assets and businesses, with the
goal of generating attractive, risk-adjusted returns for
our institutional and retail clients
Attract and retain high-caliber individuals
who will grow with us over the long term
Ensure that our people think and act
like owners in all their decisions
Treat our clients' capital like it’s
our own
Embed strong sustainability practices
throughout our operations to help
• Enhance the value of our investments by being an
owner-operator, while benefitting from the shared
intelligence of the Brookfield Ecosystem and
collaboration with strategic partners
• Build sustainable cash flows to provide certainty,
reduce risk and lower our cost of capital
• Allocate the free cash flows we receive to enhance
value for our clients
OUR PATHS TO SUCCESS
• Evaluate total return on capital over the long term
ensure that our business model remains
• Encourage calculated risks, measuring them against
best-in-class
potential returns
• Sacrifice short-term profit, if necessary, to achieve
long-term capital appreciation
• Seek profitability rather than growth—size does not
necessarily add value
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
L E T T E R
T O S H A R E H O L D E R S
OVERVIEW (As of February 7, 2024)
We had a strong fourth quarter, capping off an
excellent first year for Brookfield Asset Management
as a stand-alone asset manager. We benefited
from strong fundraising across our flagship funds
and complementary fund offerings, with the fourth
quarter being the most active of the year. We
raised $93 billion of capital which, combined with
the approximately $50 billion anticipated upon the
closing of the American Equity Investment Life (AEL)
insurance account, brings the total to $143 billion.
The successful fundraising across our various flagship
series continued, with our infrastructure and private
equity strategies closing their largest funds ever, as well
as strong momentum for many of our complementary
funds. Existing limited partners continued to invest
into our funds, often increasing their commitments,
and a very large number crossed over into new
strategies, deepening their overall relationship with us.
Our capital raising success in
2023, combined with investments
made into building out our
platforms, positions us for strong
earnings growth and continued
robust fundraising in 2024.
2023 HIGHLIGHTS
$143B
NEW CAPITAL COMMITMENTS
$93B
Our Fee-Related Earnings (FRE) and Distributable
FUNDR AISING CAPITAL R AISED
Earnings (DE) were also solid. FRE and DE were
$581 million and $586 million in the quarter,
respectively. On the back of this achievement on
the capital raising front, we are currently projecting
$2.2B
a strong year of FRE and DE growth heading into
DISTRIBUTABLE EARNINGS
2024. With that momentum and the significant
resources that we have on hand, we are pleased
to announce that our Board of Directors approved
an increase in our quarterly dividend by 19% to
+19%
$0.38 per share from its current level of $0.32.
DIVIDEND GROW TH
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
THE MARKET ENVIRONMENT
It appears that central banks have been successful
in dealing with inflation and that interest rates
will be going lower around the world in 2024
and 2025. If this occurs, capital market activity
and stock markets should be strong.
Market participants’ confidence in pricing in risk has
increased, which has in turn improved liquidity in the
capital markets. And with record levels of dry powder
currently on the sidelines, we expect a very busy
period of transaction activity in the next few years, and
valuations for real assets should respond accordingly.
Geopolitics can always lead to heightened volatility,
but this seems to have become the new normal. Our
view is that being an owner of high-quality businesses
and assets that form the backbone of the global
economy is a safe place to be across all market cycles.
This resilience has been proven over decades.
FINANCIAL RESULTS
AND FUNDRAISING
We raised capital across all five of our flagships,
as well as a number of complementary strategies
that were in the market in 2023. We held
several large fund closes since we last wrote
to you, which raised $33 billion of capital.
The most significant fundraising updates and deal
activity since the beginning of the fourth quarter are:
Infrastructure—In December, we held the final close
for the fifth vintage of our flagship infrastructure
fund, bringing the total for the strategy to $30 billion.
With approximately 200 investors committed to
the fund, this fifth vintage is 40% larger than the
predecessor vehicle. We are now approximately
40% deployed across six large-scale assets and the
momentum on the capital deployment front is very
strong. During the fourth quarter we held the final
close of the third vintage of our infrastructure debt
fund, bringing the total for the strategy to over
$6 billion. Over 60% of the investors in this fund
are new to the strategy, showcasing Brookfield’s
leadership position in the infrastructure debt space.
Renewable Power and Transition—Subsequent to the
end of the quarter, we finalized the first close of the
second vintage of our flagship global transition fund
strategy at $10 billion. In the fourth quarter alone,
we raised over $6 billion, including an aggregate
$3 billion commitment to our transition strategies
received from ALTÉRRA, a sovereign fund and longtime
partner, which was announced during COP28.
Real Estate—We are completing the first close of the
fifth vintage of our flagship real estate opportunistic
fund strategy at $8 billion. This positions the fund to
achieve its targeted raise, with a final close expected
in 2024. In early December, we sold our majority
interest in 150 Champs Elysees, a landmark mixed-use
asset in Paris, for a sales price of approximately $1
billion and an excellent return. Also in December,
we disposed of an office asset in São Paulo, Brazil
for a sale price of $300 million, representing a 17%
IRR. These transactions highlight our belief that high
quality office and retail in great locations continue
to see significant demand and, while transaction
volumes have been reduced, values remain strong.
Private Equity—The second vintage of our special
investments fund, which provides structured
solutions to counterparties, is in the market with an
expected rolling first close during the first half of
2024. In conjunction with our recent acquisition of
Network International, we were pleased to welcome
Sir Ron Kalifa to Brookfield this past fall as Vice Chair
and Head of Financial Infrastructure investments
within our Private Equity business. Ron will lead
a new financial infrastructure group focused on
opportunities in digital infrastructure, an area which
we believe contains significant growth opportunities
supporting the digitalization of the global economy.
Credit—Oaktree raised $30 billion across its franchise
in 2023, including $9 billion in the fourth quarter.
This included an additional $2 billion in the fourth
quarter for the twelfth vintage of our opportunistic
credit fund and $1 billion for our strategic lending
partners fund, bringing the funds to $8 billion and $4
billion at year-end. Oaktree has a robust pipeline for
additional private credit fundraising, and we expect to
complete the fundraise for these funds later in 2024.
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2024 SHOULD BE A GOOD YEAR BUT
WILL REQUIRE MORE HARD WORK
The free money era of 2020-2022 favored high growth
businesses and investors who were aggressive with
capital. We chose to pass on many of the transactions
during that period as valuations were high. In hindsight,
we are very pleased that we stuck to our investing mantra.
Fast forward to 2023—as capital became less available,
the managers that were prudent during the free money
periods, and specifically those with extensive track
records of performance and long-term relationships with
partners, have excelled. Early last year, we decided that
odds favored that rates were going to crest in 2023. While
most were struggling with liquidity challenges, we
invested over $55 billion. We were able to do this due to
our relationships and access to capital. Today, as we start
2024 with interest rates looking like they will decline, we
feel very good about the investments we made in 2023
and the ones we will make in 2024.
Our confidence also comes from the way we invest. Most
of our return comes from operational excellence in the
businesses we run, rather than financial engineering.
Our vast operating team of hundreds of thousands of
employees gives us a special edge in building value in
businesses. Most small, mid-size or merely financially
focused firms do not have access to these resources. In
an environment where “roll up your sleeves investing”
is back in favor, this differentiator should continue to set
our franchise apart.
As we start 2024 with interest
rates looking like they will
decline, we feel very good
about the investments we
made in 2023 and the ones
we will make in 2024.
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
OUR PRODUCT SCALE AND DIVERSITY SUPPORTS
CONSISTENT FUNDRAISING
As we scale our business, our ability to raise larger
Newly Formed Credit Group
funds and meet ambitious fundraising targets has
Our credit capabilities are larger and broader than they
grown. Equally important is our continuous effort to
have ever been. With the growing importance that private
diversify fundraising sources and innovate with new
credit will continue to play in capital markets, we expect
products. This strategy ensures our capability to
our private credit funds to raise and deploy increas-
consistently raise capital across various economic
ingly larger sums of capital. After the successful close
conditions. Across our overall franchise we manage
of our largest infrastructure debt fund at $6 billion in
over 100 funds, many of which are actively fundraising
November, we are already approximately 60% deployed
at any given moment. Our breadth of products, asset
and expect to launch the next vintage of that fund
classes and fundraising channels enables us to raise
later this year at an even larger scale. In addition, we
+/- $75 billion annually, separate and apart from our
have launched the second vintage of our private equity
flagship funds, which are raised every few years.
special investments fund and, later this year, expect to
Insurance Solutions Channel
One of the important capital raising channels we
have been building is our insurance solutions
business. The pending acquisition of AEL will make
launch the seventh vintage of our real estate credit fund.
Our partner, LCM, a European-based alternative credit
manager, is continuing to build and raise capital for its
successful asset-backed specialty finance strategy.
Brookfield Reinsurance one of the largest writers of
In order to manage our growing credit capabilities across
annuities in the U.S., and since we are the benefi-
Brookfield, Oaktree, LCM, and insurance investment
ciary of the management of these assets, will
strategies, we are aggregating all of our credit strategies
increase our insurance assets under management
under a new Credit group. We believe this important step
by $50 billion. By employing the same operational
will allow us to work effectively across our credit invest-
enhancements that were utilized in the acquisition
ment teams, provide excellent returns, and maximize our
of American National to meaningfully grow its pace
ability to create value for our clients. We are confident
of annuity writing, we believe that over time we will
that credit will be a meaningful driver of BAM’s growth
raise $15 to $20 billion of insurance capital annually,
over the next decade given the industry tailwinds and our
independent of acquisitions.
Private Wealth Channel
collective focus. This will help us achieve that.
Open End Funds
Another growing fundraising source is our private
In 2023, we observed a slowing in demand for our core
wealth business, Brookfield Oaktree Wealth
infrastructure and real estate open-ended funds, likely
Solutions (BOWS). We have been steadily investing in
due to the uncertain and rising interest rate environment's
our private wealth platform, which currently has 150
impact on investor preferences. These funds comprise
dedicated employees. We have partnered with more
high-quality, stable assets with consistent cash flows,
than 50 wealth groups worldwide in delivering
appealing to yield-focused investors. With interest rates
institutional quality investment strategies to clients
now stabilized and anticipated to decrease, we expect
and we currently have five dedicated funds being
renewed interest in these funds. Furthermore, as our
distributed in this channel, including our infrastruc-
funds are medium sized and have no legacy issues with
ture wealth product launched in early 2023 that has
asset values or redemption lines, we should be among the
enjoyed strong early investor demand. With the
first beneficiaries of fund flows as the market turns.
team in place, we should be able to raise $12 to $15
billion of capital annually.
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PRODUCT INNOVATION ENABLES US TO GROW
Core to our success has been our focus on anticipating changes in the market as we create new products and
solutions. Over the past several years, we built a multi-disciplinary product development team that works across our
businesses and investor segments to develop products that leverage our investment expertise and global presence.
Notably, since 2020, we leveraged our existing business to launch leading platforms in direct corporate lending, global
energy transition, and structured product solutions, among other products.
While product development has already played an integral role in our success over the past several years, we expect
this to be an even bigger driver for us going forward for several key reasons:
Competitive Advantage
In an increasingly competitive market, being able to offer differentiated and innovative investment products
sets us apart, allowing us to take advantage of compelling investment opportunities and attract new investor
capital that very few other managers are able to do.
Enhancing Client Relationships
Offering a range of investment solutions helps us build stronger client relationships, as products and
structures can be tailored to meet the specific needs and preferences of institutional and individual investors
and enable them to access our capabilities more efficiently.
Long-Term Focus
A continuous focus on product development reflects our commitment to long-term growth and sustainability.
By staying innovative and responsive to market dynamics and investor demand, we are well positioned to
succeed and grow across market cycles through a diversified suite of offerings and strategies.
This allowed us in 2023 to launch several new products and strategies. Some notable examples include our Catalytic
Transition Fund, which we announced at COP28 in Dubai. The fund was anchored by UAE’s ALTÉRRA, who made a
commitment of up to $1 billion alongside its $2 billion commitment to our second flagship transition fund. We are
actively engaged with other large institutional partners who have expressed interest in this new fund. The new
strategy will deploy capital exclusively into emerging and developing markets, with a dedicated focus on supporting
energy transition, industrial decarbonization, sustainable living, and climate technologies.
Leveraging our established on-the-ground capabilities and relationships in the Middle East, we recently launched and
are currently fundraising for a new fund strategy targeting private equity opportunities in the region. This region is
growing fast, and we believe we are the most established sponsor in the market.
In recent years we have made over $5 billion of investments within the technology-enabled payment infrastructure
area, including our recent acquisitions of Network International and Magnati. Our strategy seeks mature, high-quality
companies that are an integral component of the financial ecosystem and leverages our expertise in growing busi-
nesses through operational value creation.
We are also working on new products in infrastructure, asset-backed credit, and renewable power. As we turn to 2024
and beyond, we expect to launch several new products as we continue to scale different parts of our business.
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
Honolulu, Hawaii
DIVERSIFIED MANAGERS OF ESSENTIAL REAL ASSETS ARE IN DEMAND
Infrastructure and renewable power assets remain
ourselves as the industry leader in the space. Our scale
very much in favor among alternative asset investors
is a significant competitive advantage that we strive to
who are increasing their allocations, because these
leverage on behalf of our clients, and this should only
assets have been able to deliver strong market growth,
get better. We have nearly $300 billion of assets under
have downside protection in uncertain times, generate
management around the world – across utilities,
inflation-protected cash flows, and, if operated well,
transport, midstream, and data as well as hydro, wind,
enable owners to receive long-term capital appreciation.
solar, distributed generation, and energy storage. We
In the last fifteen years we have centered our strategies
around three mega-trends—decarbonization,
deglobalization, and digitalization. Each will require
many, many trillions of dollars of capital over the next
decades. Simply put, the world is mobilizing to achieve
net zero targets, energy security, supply chain resiliency
and to meet exponentially growing data demand. Our
infrastructure, renewable power and energy transition
businesses sit at the epicenter of these trends. These
trends will propel our growth for decades to come.
We were one of the earliest managers to recognize this
opportunity and have used our early mover advantage
to build scale, gain operational expertise and establish
use our footprint and deep relationships to source
proprietary opportunities not available to others. This
scale also allows us to pursue transactions that require
significant operational capabilities or access to capital
that few others have.
We have centered our strategies
around three mega-trends—
decarbonization, deglobalization,
and digitalization.
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Our platform is also built on unmatched diversity. Our strategies in the space enable us to participate up and down the
capital structure—from opportunistic equity, core equity, mezzanine debt, senior debt through our insurance accounts,
preferred equity, and convertible debt. We raise capital across all of our fundraising channels, including from private
institutional investors, insurance accounts, private wealth, as well as Brookfield Corporation and our public affiliates.
The ongoing consolidation trend within the alternative asset management space, which we participated in five years
ago through our partnership with Oaktree, is now even more evident as managers are increasingly expanding into
high-growth sectors like infrastructure and renewable power.
CLOSING
We remain committed to being a world-class asset manager and strive to invest our capital in high-quality assets that
earn solid returns, while emphasizing downside protection. The primary objective of the company continues to be to
generate increasing cash flows on a per-share basis, and to distribute that cash to you by dividend or share repurchases.
Thank you for your interest in Brookfield, and please do not hesitate to contact any of us should you have suggestions,
questions, comments, or ideas you wish to share.
Sincerely,
Bruce Flatt
Chief Executive Officer
February 7, 2024
Connor Teskey
President
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
VAL UE
CREAT ION
We create shareholder value by increasing Fee-Bearing Capital, which in turn increases
our fee revenues, Fee-Related Earnings and drives growth in performance-based
returns, such as carried interest. Alternative asset management businesses are typically
valued based on a multiple of their Fee-Related Earnings and performance income.
POSI TI O NED F O R G RO W TH
We believe our business is well-positioned to continue delivering attractive growth in Fee-Bearing Capital, fee revenues,
Fee-Related Earnings and performance income for three key reasons:
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Allocations to alternative assets are increasing globally.
As institutional investors and private wealth channels have better understood the benefits of
alternative assets, they have increasingly allocated more capital toward this asset class and
this trend is expected to continue. As one of the largest and most experienced alternative
asset managers, we will utilize our competitive advantages to expand our products, attract
new clients and scale our strategies to grow our Fee-Bearing Capital.
The Brookfield Ecosystem differentiates us from other large asset managers.
The unique intelligence we generate from the ongoing interconnectivity between our over
$900 billion portfolio, our global partnerships and our visibility into global capital flows
helps us identify themes and trends in investing, spot pockets of value and source attractive
investment opportunities. This competitive advantage has allowed us to build leading
positions in asset classes that are most in favor and deliver strong investment returns to our
clients across multiple business cycles.
Our business is well-positioned to benefit from large secular tailwinds.
Large global trends of decarbonization, deglobalization, and digitalization will directly benefit
our market-leading positions in renewable power & transition and infrastructure. In addition,
as one of the pre-eminent global credit asset managers, we will benefit from the growing
demand for private credit.
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GROWTH IN FE E-B EARIN G CA PITA L
($ IN BILLIONS)
10%+
CAGR
$364
$418
$457
$290
$312
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
TRANSLATES I NTO G RO W TH I N FEE- RELA T ED EARN IN GS
($ IN MILLIONS)
13%+
CAGR
$1,670
$2,108
$2,241
$1,428
$1,201
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
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B R O O K F I E L D A S S E T M A N A G E M E N T
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
SUSTAINABILITY
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Sustainability at Brookfield
Our sustainability strategy is centered on supporting business resilience and creating value for our investors and stakeholders—
now and in the future. We manage our investments by combining economic goals with responsible corporate citizenship. This is
consistent with our longstanding philosophy of conducting business with a long-term perspective in a sustainable and ethical
manner. It also requires operating with robust sustainability principles and practices, and maintaining a disciplined focus on
integrating these into everything we do.
While sustainability principles have long been embedded in how we run our business, this approach was formalized in
Brookfield’s sustainability principles in 2016 and is described in our global Sustainability Policy. Our Sustainability Policy
codifies our commitment to integrating sustainability considerations into our decision-making and day-to-day asset management
activities. This policy is reviewed annually and updated periodically by senior executives at Brookfield, as well as each of
Brookfield’s business groups. Our Sustainability Policy outlines our approach and is based on the following guiding principles:
Mitigate the impact of our operations on the environment
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Strive to minimize the environmental impact of our operations and improve our efficient use of resources over time.
Support the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions by 2050 or sooner.
Strive to ensure the well-being and safety of employees
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Foster a positive work environment based on respect for human rights, valuing diversity and having zero tolerance for
workplace discrimination, violence or harassment.
Operate with leading health and safety practices to support the goal of achieving zero serious safety incidents.
Uphold strong governance practices
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Operate to the highest ethical standards by conducting business activities in accordance with our Code.
• Maintain strong stakeholder relationships through transparency and active engagement.
Be good corporate citizens
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Strive to ensure the interests, safety and well-being of the communities in which we operate are integrated into our
business decisions.
Support philanthropy and volunteerism by our employees.
Sustainability Affiliations and Partnerships
Through our engagement with sustainability frameworks and organizations, we continue to be actively involved in discussions to
advance sustainability awareness across private and public markets, and we are continuing to enhance our sustainability reporting
and protocols in line with evolving best practices. The following are some of the frameworks and organizations with which we are
affiliated:
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Net Zero Asset Managers (“NZAM”) initiative - We have been a signatory to NZAM since 2021 and are committed to
supporting the goal of net-zero GHG emissions by 2050 or sooner, emphasizing our alignment with the Paris Agreement.
Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”) – We have been supporters since 2021 of the TCFD,
which aims to guide companies in considering the effects of climate change in business and financial decisions, and we
report in alignment with their recommendations.
Principles for Responsible Investment (“PRI”) - We have been signatories to the PRI since 2020, which reinforces our
longstanding commitment to responsible investment and sustainability best practices.
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) Sustainability Alliance - We are members of the IFRS
Sustainability Alliance, a global program established to develop globally accepted accounting and sustainability
disclosures.
Sustainable Markets Initiative's (“SMI”) Asset Manager and Asset Owner (“AMAO”) Task Force - We have been
involved with SMI’s AMAO Task Force since 2021. It focuses on scalable ways for institutional investors to allocate
capital towards sustainable solutions leveraging expertise from each member firm.
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Sustainability Organization and Governance
Robust sustainability programs throughout our firm, business groups and underlying portfolio companies remain an important
priority. We understand that good governance is essential to sustainable business operations. The governance of sustainability
matters is integrated into Brookfield’s overall governance framework and is aligned with our governance approach. We are
committed to governance practices to monitor and oversee our business, including our sustainability strategy.
Our Board is focused on maintaining strong corporate governance and prioritizing the interests of our shareholders and other
stakeholders. The Board has oversight of our business and affairs, reviews progress on major strategic initiatives, and receives
progress and status reports on the firm’s sustainability initiatives throughout the year.
Brookfield’s sustainability programs are overseen by its senior executives, including its Chief Operating Officer (COO)
(Governance and Risk Management), Head of Transition Investing (Decarbonization and Investment), Head of Sustainability
Management and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) (GHG Reporting and Measurement). Alongside this group, our sustainability
programs have sponsorship and oversight from senior leadership within each business group including each group’s CEO and
sustainability lead. Since sustainability covers a vast range of priorities that are varied in scope, we believe that sustainability
initiatives should be overseen by individuals closest to the particular business activity. Functional leads are responsible for
developing, implementing and monitoring relevant sustainability factors within their functional area, such as Risk Management
and Human Resources. Program Leads and Management Committees, such as the Net Zero Steering Committee and Safety
Leadership Committee, bring together expertise to manage key sustainability areas, ensuring appropriate application and
coordination of approaches across our business and functional groups. Supporting our Program Leads and Management
Committees, we have Working Groups, such as the Sustainability Working Group, Net Zero Operational Committee and
Sustainability Financial Reporting Working Group, dedicated to specialized areas with the objective of ensuring that key priorities
for Brookfield are being advanced. Our sustainability-focused professionals and functional experts work with our Program Leads,
Management Committees and Working Groups to drive sustainability-related initiatives.
Sustainability Integration into the Investment Process
As part of investment due diligence, Brookfield seeks to assess sustainability-related risks and opportunities and factor them into
the overall investment decision. This includes leveraging leading industry guidance to identify sustainability factors most likely to
materially impact the financial condition or operating performance of companies in a sector. As part of our Sustainability Due
Diligence Protocol, Brookfield provides specific guidance to investment teams on assessing climate change, bribery and
corruption, cybersecurity, health and safety and human rights and modern slavery risks. Where warranted, Brookfield performs
deeper due diligence, working with internal and third-party experts as appropriate.
All investments must be approved by the applicable Investment Committee. Investment teams outline for the Investment
Committee the merits of the transaction and material risks, mitigants and significant opportunities for improvement, including
those related to sustainability.
As part of each acquisition1, investment teams create a tailored integration plan that includes, among other things, material
sustainability-related matters for review or execution. We believe there is a strong relationship between managing these
considerations and enhancing investment returns.
Consistent with our management approach, it is the responsibility of the management teams within each portfolio company to
manage sustainability risks and opportunities through the investment’s lifecycle, supported by the applicable investment team
within Brookfield. The combination of local accountability and expertise in tandem with Brookfield's investment and operating
experience and insight is important when managing a wide range of asset types across jurisdictions. We leverage these capabilities
in collaborating on sustainability initiatives, where appropriate, to drive best practices and assist with any remediation. As it
relates to sustainability, where appropriate, we encourage our portfolio companies to organize training for relevant staff.
Management teams regularly report to their respective boards of directors from both financial and operating perspectives,
including key performance indicators that incorporate material sustainability factors, such as health and safety, environmental
management, compliance with regulatory requirements, and, increasingly, GHG emissions.
For investments where Brookfield has a non-controlling interest, where we are a debt holder or in other circumstances where
Brookfield does not have the ability to exercise influence through its contractual rights, Brookfield actively monitors the
performance of its investments and, where appropriate, utilizes its stewardship practices to encourage sustainability outcomes that
are aligned with Brookfield’s sustainability approach.
1 Refers to investments where Brookfield has control and significant influence.
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When preparing an asset for divestiture, we outline potential value creation deriving from several different factors, including
relevant sustainability considerations. Where applicable, we also prepare both qualitative and quantitative data that summarize the
sustainability performance of the investment and provide a holistic understanding of how we have managed the investment during
the holding period.
Stewardship and Engagement
Stewardship is an important element of our sustainability strategy, and we have defined it in alignment with the PRI. We seek to
engage with our portfolio companies and collaborate with industry peers to help inform and improve our sustainability strategies
and practices. Though the majority of our investments are in private markets, we will use our Proxy Voting Guidelines, where
applicable, and ensure our disclosures address how we incorporate sustainability factors into our investment process. In managing
our assets, we utilize our significant influence and investing and operating capabilities in collaborating with our portfolio
companies to encourage sound sustainability practices that are essential for resilient businesses, while seeking to create long-term
value for our investors and stakeholders. As well, through our ongoing engagement with portfolio companies, we may partner
with or support our portfolio companies to facilitate constructive dialogue with external stakeholders with the intent of positively
influencing industry standards or practices that are aligned with our sustainability principles.
Below is a summary of some of the sustainability initiatives that we undertook in 2023.
Environmental
Climate change mitigation and adaptation continues to be a key area of focus for our business. Brookfield believes it can
contribute meaningfully to the global economy’s transition to net zero.
Increased transparency and alignment to the TCFD
Since becoming supporters of the TCFD in 2021, Brookfield has made progress on aligning with the TCFD’s recommended
disclosures. We have also implemented a climate risk assessment process to better understand the physical risk and transition risk
and opportunity profile across our businesses. We leverage the results of the assessment to identify improvement opportunities in
approaching climate change mitigation and adaptation and continue to work to integrate those considerations into Brookfield’s
business.
Decarbonization: Supporting the World’s Transition to a Net-Zero Economy
We recognize that the road to a net-zero economy will take time, requiring the alignment of government policy and technological
development. We intend to support this goal by contributing operational and investment expertise to execute practical
decarbonization strategies that will prepare businesses for the future economy. We also believe that decarbonization is an
important long-term transition risk mitigation strategy that is complementary to preserving and enhancing value.
We remain focused on our sustainability approach, which, at its core, is aligned with our fiduciary duty to create long-term value
for our investors and stakeholders, while managing our businesses responsibly. We will continue to buy long-life assets and
businesses that can generate stable cash flows that grow over time. We believe that with proper management and stewardship,
including preparing them for a low-carbon future, these assets will tend to increase in value over time.
We are focused on developing foundational processes to catalyze decarbonization and will continue to take action across all of our
businesses. We are focused on providing support to our businesses through the sharing of best practices and resources, as well as
regular and systematic monitoring to understand our progress.
Net Zero Asset Managers initiative
To further our commitment to support the transition to a net zero carbon economy, Brookfield is a signatory to the Net Zero Asset
Managers initiative. NZAM is a group of international asset managers committed to supporting the goal of net zero GHG
emissions by 2050 or sooner.
Following the formalization of our interim target commitment set in 2022, in 2023, and ahead of NZAM’s requirements, we
increased our interim target commitment by $54 billion of AUM. Our updated interim target commitment is to reduce emissions
across $201 billion of AUM by at least 50% from a 2020 base year.
An integral part of Brookfield’s net-zero commitment is the allocation of capital towards climate solutions. Our interim emissions
target is comprised of assets across our businesses, including renewable power and transition, infrastructure, private equity, and
real estate. In setting our interim target, we focused on investments where:
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1. We have control and therefore sufficient influence over the outcomes;
2. We could identify and implement actionable initiatives in the near term; and
3. We assessed it to be value accretive to do so over the life of the investment.
Our intention is to increase the proportion of assets to be managed in line with net zero annually or as frequently as possible,
consistent with our ambition to reach 100% over time. Our net-zero interim target includes Scope 1 and 2 emissions of
Brookfield's portfolio companies.
To support our progress towards achieving our net-zero ambition, our focus over the past year has been on building teams and
devoting additional resources to facilitate the development of credible decarbonization plans across our assets under management.
In undertaking this work, we will focus our net-zero efforts on investments where we have the best opportunity to achieve
meaningful outcomes.
In addition to the work that we are undertaking with our existing assets, two years ago we launched BGTF I, the first in a series of
funds for our transition strategy that is dedicated to accelerating the transition to a net-zero economy by catalyzing businesses
onto net-zero pathways aligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement. BGTF II, launched in 2023, will follow the strategy of its
predecessor fund, and invest in developing new clean energy capacity, scaling sustainable solutions and providing capital for
transforming businesses in carbon-intensive sectors. At COP28, Brookfield and Altérra, announced the creation of a multi-billion
dollar Catalytic Transition Fund (“CTF”). CTF will have a differentiated and focused mandate, deploying capital exclusively for
emerging and developing markets, with a dedicated focus on supporting energy transition, industrial decarbonization, sustainable
living and climate technologies. In addition to driving impact through transition investing, including supporting the growth of
significant new clean energy capacity, we are one of the world’s largest owners and operators of renewable power globally.
Water, Waste & Biodiversity
Reducing the impact of our water consumption and waste generation helps build efficient systems, business resiliency and
contributes to a sustainable future. We utilize industry best practices to efficiently monitor and manage performance and seek to
ensure continual reduction of water consumption. In addition, we adhere to all applicable local and regional waste regulations and
track waste and recycling metrics. Encouraging conservation of biodiversity is an important component in achieving our net zero
goals and managing physical risks as we strive to protect biodiversity and ecosystems near our businesses.
Social
Culture Matters: Human Capital Development
Our people are our most important asset—collaboration, entrepreneurship and discipline underpin our winning culture. Brookfield
invests in its people and prepares them for future leadership. Everything Brookfield does, from its dealings with clients to the
interactions among employees and executives, is governed by a sense of fair play. This has been critical to the success of the
partnership in building relationships that are long-lasting and mutually rewarding. Brookfield’s firmwide culture is defined by
mutual respect, teamwork and passion, and revolves around our core values:
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•
•
Collaboration: Leadership works side by side with colleagues throughout the organization and is committed to achieving
shared success. One of the key attributes that Brookfield screens carefully for in new hires is their aptitude to collaborate
with others. The firm wants people to share information across groups and take an interest in all the businesses, not just
the one they happen to work for at the moment. Brookfield does not hire people just for a specific job; it hires for the
potential of all the future positions they might hold and that will contribute to the larger success of the firm. Brookfield
actively looks for people who want to learn, grow, and develop—and demonstrate a willingness to be stretched outside
their comfort zone.
Entrepreneurship: Our flat organization is results oriented—responsibility is earned based on initiative and hard work,
rather than job title—and decisions are made close to the action. This idea is not uncommon, but Brookfield has
encouraged its entrepreneurial spirit throughout its growth during the past 20 years. Brookfield looks for employees who
have a passion not only for what they do but also for what the firm does. The shared values of ownership extend beyond
helping the company succeed or generate more revenue. It means caring about the little things as well, such as not
wasting money and treating everyone with respect.
Discipline: Our team shares an awareness of, and commitment to, our goal of generating superior long-term returns for
investors. Discipline also requires that each person is expected to have a realistic understanding of his or her own
abilities. Brookfield expects employees to understand their strengths, recognize their weaknesses, be willing to stretch
outside their comfort zones, and be willing to ask for help when necessary.
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The three attributes—collaboration, entrepreneurship, and discipline—form the foundation of Brookfield. By hiring talented
people and giving them opportunities to move into different businesses, Brookfield has been able to build its expertise into a
broad ecosystem that allows it to collaborate very effectively across different areas and geographies as needed. The teams draw on
sound data and expertise to identify emergent themes—informing their investment process and enabling Brookfield to draw upon
actionable intelligence for the benefit of its investors.
Employee Composition
Building a diverse, equitable and inclusive work environment reinforces our culture of collaboration and strengthens our ability to
develop and promote all of our people to their potential. Our approach to diversity, equity and inclusion is deliberate and
integrated into our human capital development processes and initiatives. Our initial focus on gender diversity led to a significant
increase in female representation at the senior levels. Over the past few years, we have applied the same disciplined human capital
processes and development activities to foster more ethnic diversity and are immediately seeing the results of these efforts. Some
of the more impactful initiatives are centered around how we hire, our succession process and how we engage our people. We are
involved with several organizations to promote diverse representation in our talent pool, including summer interns and MBA
Associates. Our succession process includes identifying a diverse slate of candidates and focuses on the development of early
career candidates through stretch roles and exposure. We support a number of Employee Resource Groups organized by
employees around shared interests, characteristics or experiences.
Occupational Health and Safety
Managing health and safety risk is an integral part of the management of our business. Our goal is to have zero serious safety
incidents. We have implemented a health and safety governance initiative to propagate a strong health and safety culture,
encourage the sharing of best practices, support the continuous improvement of safety performance and help eliminate serious
safety incidents. The initiative is overseen by the Safety Leadership Committee, which comprises senior operations executives
from across our business groups and regions, and reports on health and safety trends and key initiatives are provided to the Board
as part of the quarterly operational risk update. Portfolio company management is responsible for ensuring that their company’s
health and safety policies and systems are developed, operationalized, and reviewed regularly to address their specific risk areas.
Portfolio company CEOs report to their respective board of directors on safety performance, incidents, and the status of
improvement initiatives.
Human Rights and Modern Slavery
In relation to human rights, we seek to act in a way that aligns with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.
We are committed to conducting our business in an ethical and responsible manner, including by carrying out our activities in a
manner that respects fundamental human rights and supports the prevention of human rights violations within our business. We
strive to embed this into our core business activities, including training, communications, contracts and due diligence processes
set out in our Human Rights and Anti-Modern Slavery Policy (“Human Rights Policy”), Sustainability Due Diligence Protocol
and Vendor Management Program.
Integrity, fairness and respect are hallmarks of our culture, including by carrying out our activities by respecting fundamental
human rights and our efforts to identify and prevent human rights violations within our business and supply chain. We are
committed to maintaining a workplace free of discrimination, violence and harassment and we expect our staff to act in a way
which promotes a positive working environment. Our Human Rights Policy aims to codify our approach to minimizing the risk of
modern slavery within our business and supply chain. We also have specific tools and processes aimed at identifying human
rights and modern slavery as part of due diligence for new investments and which include risk assessments, remedies, training and
governance.
In addition, our Human Rights Policy consolidates the relevant commitments set out in the Code, Sustainability Policy, financial
crimes policies, and the Whistleblowing Policy. We also have several additional policies and procedures that provide guidance on
the identification of human rights and modern slavery risks and the steps to be taken to mitigate these risks. These include our
Vendor Code of Conduct and Anti-Money Laundering and Trade Sanctions Policy. We are cognizant of the fact that the risks of
human rights, modern slavery and human trafficking are complex and evolving, and we will continue to work on addressing them.
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Governance
Strong governance is essential to sustainable business operations, and we aim to conduct our business according to high ethical
and legal standards.
Sustainability Regulation and Frameworks
Our governance practices are the foundation upon which we operate our business. We continue to adapt and enhance our policies
to meet evolving standards and regulations in our industry, including legislation, guidelines and practices in all jurisdictions in
which we operate.
We seek to continuously improve and refine our processes by actively participating in the development and implementation of
new industry standards and best practices.
Data Privacy and Cybersecurity
Data privacy and cybersecurity remain key sustainability focus areas. Brookfield undertook initiatives to further enhance our data
protection and threat-intelligence capabilities, and Brookfield worked on improving our processes for third-party risk
management. Brookfield reviews and updates our cybersecurity program annually and conducts regular external-party
assessments of our program maturity based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”) Cybersecurity
Framework. Finally, in addition to continued mandatory cybersecurity education for all employees, Brookfield enhanced our
phishing simulations to include more advanced simulations and social engineering.
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BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
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ORGANIZATION OF MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS (“MD&A”)
PART 1 – OVERVIEW OF OUR BUSINESS
Real Estate ...................................................................
Introduction ..................................................................
Basis of Presentation ....................................................
Business History ...........................................................
Business Overview .......................................................
Value Creation ..............................................................
Competitive Advantages ..............................................
Our People ....................................................................
Investment Process .......................................................
Products and Principal Strategies .................................
PART 2 – REVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS
Income Statement Analysis ..........................................
Balance Sheet Analysis ................................................
Cash Flows Statement Analysis ...................................
Summary of Quarterly Results .....................................
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Private Equity ..............................................................
Credit and Other ..........................................................
PART 6 – RECONCILIATION OF U.S. GAAP TO
NON-GAAP MEASURES
Reconciliation of Net Income to Fee-Related
Earnings and Distributable Earnings ........................
Reconciliation of Revenues to Fee Revenues .............
PART 7 – LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity ......................................................................
Capital Resources ........................................................
Contractual Obligations ..............................................
Exposures to Financial Instruments ............................
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements ...............................
Related Party Transactions ..........................................
PART 3 – KEY FINANCIAL OPERATING MEASURES
Recent Developments ..................................................
Non-GAAP Measures ..................................................
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PART 8 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT
Supplemental Financial Measures Utilized by
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our Asset Management Business ..............................
Fee-Bearing Capital Diversification .............................
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Accounting Policies, Estimates, and Judgements .......
Assessments and Changes in Internal Control Over
PART 4 – ANALYSIS OF KEY NON-GAAP FINANCIAL
Financial Reporting ..................................................
AND OPERATING MEASURES
PART 9 – BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND
Distributable Earnings ..................................................
Fee-Bearing Capital ......................................................
Fee Revenues and Fee-Related Earnings .....................
PART 5 – INVESTMENT STRATEGY RESULTS
Renewable Power and Transition .................................
Infrastructure ................................................................
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RISK DISCLOSURES
Risks Relating to the Manager ....................................
Risks Relating to our Business ....................................
Risks Relating to Taxation ..........................................
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
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"BAM Ltd." or the "Manager" refers to Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. The "Asset Management Company", the "asset management
business", "BAM ULC", or the "Company" refers to Brookfield Asset Management ULC. Please refer to the Glossary of Terms
beginning on page 101 which defines certain key terms.
information about
Additional
is available on our website at
www.bam.brookfield.com, on the Canadian Securities Administrators’ website at www.sedarplus.ca and on the EDGAR section of the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) website at www.sec.gov.
including our Annual Information Form,
the Manager,
The Manager is incorporated in British Columbia, Canada, and qualify as an eligible Canadian issuer under the Multijurisdictional
Disclosure System and as a “foreign private issuer” as such term is defined in Rule 405 under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as
amended, and Rule 3b-4 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. As a result, the Manager complies with U.S.
continuous reporting requirements by filing the Canadian disclosure documents with the SEC; the Manager's annual report is filed
under Form 40-F and the Manager furnishes its quarterly interim reports under Form 6-K.
Information contained in or otherwise accessible through the websites mentioned throughout this report does not form part of this
report. All references in this report to websites are inactive textual references and are not incorporated by reference. Any other reports
of the company referred to herein are not incorporated by reference unless explicitly stated otherwise.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND
INFORMATION
This MD&A contains “forward-looking information” within the meaning of Canadian provincial securities laws and “forward-
looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, “safe
harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and in any applicable Canadian securities
regulations (collectively, “forward-looking statements”). Forward-looking statements include statements that are predictive in
nature, depend upon or refer to future results, events or conditions, and include, but are not limited to, statements which reflect
management’s current estimates, beliefs and assumptions regarding the operations, business, financial condition, expected
financial results, performance, prospects, opportunities, priorities, targets, goals, ongoing objectives, strategies, capital
management and outlook of the Manager, the Asset Management Company and its subsidiaries, as well as the outlook for North
American and international economies for the current fiscal year and subsequent periods, and which are in turn based on our
experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors
management believes are appropriate in the circumstances. The estimates, beliefs and assumptions of the Manager are inherently
subject to significant business, economic, competitive and other uncertainties and contingencies regarding future events and as
such, are subject to change. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “expect”, “anticipate”,
“believe”, “foresee”, “could”, “estimate”, “goal”, “intend”, “plan”, “seek”, “strive”, “will”, “may” and “should” and similar
expressions.
Although the Manager believes that such forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable estimates, beliefs and
assumptions, actual results may differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to
differ materially from those contemplated or implied by forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
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•
•
•
•
•
•
the Manager’s lack of independent means of generating revenue;
the Manager’s material assets consisting solely of its interest in the Asset Management Company;
challenges relating to maintaining our relationship with the Corporation (as defined below) and potential conflicts of
interest;
the Manager being a newly formed company;
our liability for our asset management business;
the difficulty for investors to effect service of process and enforce judgments in the United States, Canada and/or other
applicable jurisdictions;
the impact on growth in Fee-Bearing Capital of poor product development or marketing efforts;
our ability to maintain our global reputation;
volatility in the trading price of the Class A Shares;
being subjected to numerous laws, rules and regulatory requirements;
the potential ineffectiveness of our policies to prevent violations of applicable law;
• meeting our financial obligations due to our cash flow from our asset management business;
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
foreign currency risk and exchange rate fluctuations;
requirement of temporary investments and backstop commitments to support our asset management business;
rising interest rates;
revenues impacted by a decline in the size or pace of investments made by our managed assets;
our earnings growth can vary, which may affect our dividend and the trading price of the Class A Shares;
exposed risk due to increased amount and type of investment products in our managed assets;
difficulty in maintaining our culture or managing our human capital;
political instability or changes in government;
inflationary pressures;
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•
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•
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•
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unfavorable economic conditions or changes in the industries in which we operate;
catastrophic events, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, or pandemics/epidemics;
deficiencies in public company financial reporting and disclosures;
ineffective management of sustainability considerations, and inadequate or ineffective health and safety programs;
failure of our information technology systems;
us and our managed assets becoming involved in legal disputes;
losses not covered by insurance;
inability to collect on amounts owing to us;
information barriers that may give rise to conflicts and risks;
risks related to our renewable power and transition, infrastructure, private equity, real estate, and other alternatives,
including credit strategies;
risks relating to Canadian and United States taxation laws; and
other factors described in this MD&A.
We caution that the foregoing list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive and other factors could also
adversely affect future results. Readers are urged to consider these risks, as well as other uncertainties, factors and assumptions
carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements and are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking
statements, which are based only on information available to us as of the date of this MD&A. Except as required by law, the
Manager undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, that may
be as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. For further information on these known and unknown risks, please
see Part 9 “Business Environment and Risk Disclosures”.
Certain of the information contained herein is based on or derived from information provided by independent third-party sources.
While the Manager believes that such information is accurate as of the date it was produced and that the sources from which such
information has been obtained are reliable, the Manager makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, with respect to
the accuracy, reasonableness or completeness of any of the information or the assumptions on which such information is based,
contained herein, including but not limited to, information obtained from third parties.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING THE USE OF NON-GAAP MEASURES
The Manager and the Asset Management Company prepare their financial statements in conformity with the accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). This MD&A discloses a number of non-GAAP financial and
supplemental financial measures which are utilized in monitoring the Manager and our asset management business, including for
performance measurement, capital allocation and valuation purposes. The Manager believes that providing these performance
measures is helpful to investors in assessing the overall performance of our asset management business. These non-GAAP
financial measures should not be considered as the sole measure of the Manager’s or our asset management business’
performance and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, similar financial measures calculated in
conformity with U.S. GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP measures include, but are not limited to: (i) distributable earnings
(“Distributable Earnings”), (ii) fee revenues (“Fee Revenues”) and (iii) fee-related earnings (“Fee-Related Earnings”). These
non-GAAP measures are not standardized financial measures and may not be comparable to similar financial measures used by
other issuers. Supplemental financial measures include assets under management (“AUM”), fee-bearing capital (“Fee-Bearing
Capital”) and uncalled fund commitments. The Manager includes the asset management activities of Oaktree (meaning
collectively Oaktree Capital II, L.P., Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., Oaktree AIF Investments, L.P., Oaktree Capital
Management (Cayman) L.P. and Oaktree Investment Holdings, L.P. and their consolidated subsidiaries), an equity accounted
affiliate, in its key financial and operating measures for the asset management business.
For more information on non-GAAP measures and other financial metrics, see “Key Financial and Operating Measures” and
“Glossary of Terms” in our MD&A. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable
financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, where applicable, are included in Part 6 "Reconciliation of
U.S. GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures" of this MD&A. The MD&A is available on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca and on EDGAR
at www.sec.gov/edgar.
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PART 1
OVERVIEW OF OUR BUSINESS
Introduction
This management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) included in this Annual Report presents the financial position of
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries (the "Manager") as at December 31, 2023, and December
31, 2022, and the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from July 4, 2022 to December
31, 2022. This MD&A also presents the financial position of Brookfield Asset Management ULC and its consolidated subsidiaries
(the "Asset Management Company", the "asset management business" or the "Company") as at December 31, 2023, and
December 31, 2022, and the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Unless context suggest
otherwise, references to "we", "us", and "our" refers to our asset management business and the Manager, individually or
collectively, where applicable.
The information in this MD&A should be read in conjunction with the following Consolidated Financial Statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report: (i) the audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager as at December 31, 2023 and
December 31, 2022, and the results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023, and for the period from July 4, 2022 to
December 31, 2022 (ii) the audited Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the Asset Management Company as at
December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
The financial information contained in this MD&A is presented in U.S. dollars and, unless otherwise indicated, all references to
“$” are to U.S. dollars.
Basis of Presentation
The Manager, a Canadian corporation, through its ownership interests in its single investment, our asset management business, is
a leading global alternative asset manager. The Manager was incorporated on July 4, 2022 and does not have historical operations
or activities. The Manager’s sole material asset is its 25% interest in the Asset Management Company, which is accounted for
using the equity method. The Manager’s returns are earned from its interest in our asset management business, and therefore this
MD&A focuses on the results and operations thereof, underlying the equity earnings of the Manager.
All financial data is presented in U.S. dollars and, unless otherwise indicated, has been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
Non-GAAP measures used in this MD&A are reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP measure.
Business History
The Manager and the Asset Management Company were formed by Brookfield Corporation (the “Corporation”), formerly
known as Brookfield Asset Management Inc., to facilitate a plan of arrangement (the “Arrangement”). The Arrangement, which
closed on December 9, 2022, involved the division of Brookfield Asset Management Inc. into two publicly traded companies –
the Manager, which is listed on the NYSE and TSX under the ticker symbol “BAM”, is a pure-play leading global alternative
asset management business; and the Corporation, listed under the ticker symbol "BN", a leading global investment firm focused
on building long-term wealth for institutions and individuals around the world.
The Manager allows investors to directly access the global alternative asset management business previously carried on by the
Corporation and its subsidiaries. This business is now owned and operated through the Asset Management Company, which is
owned approximately 75% by the Corporation and approximately 25% by the Manager.
Business Overview
We are one of the world’s leading global alternative asset managers, with $916 billion of assets under management ("AUM") as
of December 31, 2023, across renewable power and transition, infrastructure, real estate, private equity, and credit. We invest
client capital for the long-term with a focus on real assets and essential service businesses that form the backbone of the global
economy. We draw on our heritage as an owner and operator to invest for value and generate strong returns for our clients across
economic cycles.
To do this, we leverage our team of over 2,400 investment and asset management professionals, our global reach, deep operating
expertise, and access to large-scale capital to identify attractive investment opportunities and invest on a proprietary basis. Our
investment approach and strong track record have been the foundation and driver of our growth.
29
We provide a highly diversified suite of alternative investment strategies to our clients and are constantly seeking to innovate new
strategies to meet their needs. We have approximately 50 unique active strategies that span a wide range of risk-adjusted returns,
including opportunistic, value-add, core, super-core, and credit. We evaluate the performance of these product offerings and our
investment strategies using a number of non-GAAP measures as outlined in "Key Financial and Operating Measures" within this
MD&A. The Manager utilizes Fee-Bearing Capital, Fee Revenues, Fee-Related Earnings and Distributable Earnings to assess the
performance of our asset management business.
We are in a fortunate position to be trusted with our clients’ capital and our objective is to meet their financial goals and provide
for a better financial future while providing a market leading experience. Our team of approximately 200 client service
professionals across 18 global offices are dedicated to ensuring that the business is exceeding their service expectations.
We have over 2,300 clients, with some of our clients being among the world’s largest institutional investors, including sovereign
wealth funds, pension plans, endowments, foundations, financial institutions, insurance companies, and individual investors.
Our guiding principle is to operate our business and conduct our relationships with the highest level of integrity. Our emphasis on
diversity and inclusion reinforces our culture of collaboration, allowing us to attract and retain top talent. We strive to embed
strong sustainability practices throughout our business, underpinning our goal of having a positive impact on the communities and
environment in which we operate.
Value Creation
We create shareholder value by increasing the earnings profile of our asset management business. Alternative asset management
businesses such as ours are typically valued based on a multiple of their Fee-Related Earnings and performance income.
Accordingly, we create value by increasing the amount and quality of Fee-Related Earnings and carried interest, net of associated
costs. This growth is achieved primarily by expanding the amount of Fee-Bearing Capital we manage, earning performance
income such as carried interest, through strong investment results and maintaining competitive operating margins.
As at December 31, 2023, we had Fee-Bearing Capital of $457 billion, of which 86% is long-dated or perpetual in nature,
providing significant stability to our earnings profile. We consider Fee-Bearing Capital that is long-dated or perpetual in nature to
be Fee-Bearing Capital relating to our long-term private funds, which are typically committed for 10 years with 2 one-year
extension options, and Fee-Bearing Capital relating to our perpetual strategies, which include our permanent capital vehicles as
well as capital we manage in our perpetual core and core plus private fund strategies. We seek to increase our Fee-Bearing Capital
by growing the size of our existing product offerings and developing new strategies that cater to our clients’ investment needs. We
also aim to deepen our existing institutional relationships, develop new institutional relationships, and access new distribution
channels such as high net worth individuals and retail.
As of December 31, 2023, we had a diversified client base of over 2,300 clients, which continues to grow. Our private wealth
channel also continues to grow and represents over 5% of capital raised. We have a dedicated team of over 100 people that are
focused on distributing and developing catered products to the private wealth channel.
We are also actively progressing new growth strategies, including transition, insurance, secondaries, and technology. These new
initiatives, in addition to our existing strategies are expected to have a very meaningful impact on our growth trajectory in the
long term.
As we grow our Fee-Bearing Capital, we earn incremental base management fees. In order to support this growth, we have been
growing our team of investment and asset management professionals. Our costs are predominantly in the form of compensation
for the over 2,400 professionals we employ globally.
When deploying our clients’ capital, we seek to leverage our competitive advantages to acquire high-quality real assets and
essential service businesses that form the backbone of the global economy. We use our global reach and access to scale capital to
source attractive investment opportunities and leverage our deep operating expertise to underwrite investments and create value
throughout our ownership. Our goal is to deliver superior investment returns to our clients and successfully doing so should result
in the growth of realized carried interest over time.
We generate robust Distributable Earnings, which is our primary financial performance metric. Distributable Earnings of the
Manager represent our share of Distributable Earnings from the Asset Management Company less general and administrative
expenses, but excluding equity-based compensation costs of the Manager. The Manager intends to pay out approximately 90% of
its Distributable Earnings to shareholders quarterly and reinvest the balance back into the business.
We also monitor the broader markets and occasionally identify attractive, strategic investment opportunities that have the
potential to supplement our existing business. We expect acquisitions to allow us to achieve immediate scale in a new asset class
30
or grant us access to additional distribution channels. An example of such growth is the partnership we formed with Oaktree in
2019, which deepened the capabilities we offer our clients and better positions us across market cycles. Such acquisitions may
occur from time to time should they be additive to our franchise, attractive to our clients, and accretive to our shareholders.
Competitive Advantages
We seek to harness the following four distinct competitive advantages that enable us to consistently identify and acquire high-
quality assets and create significant value in the assets that we invest in and operate on behalf of our clients.
Large Scale
We have $916 billion in assets under management and approximately $457 billion in Fee-Bearing Capital as of December 31,
2023. We offer our investors a large portfolio of private funds that have global mandates and diversified strategies. Our access to
large-scale, flexible capital that is further enhanced by our relationship with the Corporation, enables us to pursue transactions of a
size that others cannot.
Operating Expertise
We are supported globally by approximately 240,000 operating employees of our managed businesses, who are instrumental in
maximizing the value and cash flows of our managed assets. We believe that strong operating experience is essential in
maximizing efficiency and productivity – and ultimately, returns. We do this by maintaining a culture of long-term focus,
alignment of interest and collaboration through the people we hire, our compensation philosophy, and our operating philosophy.
This operating expertise developed through our heritage as an owner-operator is invaluable in underwriting acquisitions and
executing value-creating development and capital projects.
Global Reach
We invest on behalf of our clients in more than 30 countries on five continents around the world. We believe that our global reach
allows us to diversify and identify a broad range of opportunities. We can invest where capital is scarce, and we believe that our
scale enables us to move quickly and pursue multiple opportunities across different markets. Our global reach also allows us to
operate our assets more effectively: we believe that a strong on-the-ground presence is critical to operating successfully in many
of our markets, and many of our businesses are truly local. Furthermore, the combination of our strong local presence and global
reach enables us to bring global relationships and operating practices to bear across markets to enhance returns.
Brookfield Ecosystem
The unique intelligence we generate from the ongoing interconnectivity between our over $900 billion portfolio, our global
partnerships and our visibility into global capital flows helps us identify themes and trends in investing, spot pockets of value and
source attractive investment opportunities. This competitive advantage has allowed us to build leading positions in assets classes
that are most in favor and deliver strong investment returns to our clients across multiple business cycles.
Our People
We have a team of over 2,400 investment and asset management professionals that are integral to the business, including
individuals focused on our core investment strategies and those undertaking various corporate activities. Approximately 200 of
these are employed by the Manager and the remainder are employed by the Asset Management Company and their subsidiaries.
The Manager provides the services of our employees to the Asset Management Company on a cost recovery basis under the Asset
Management Services Agreement, which is described in Note 1 of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the
Asset Management Company - "Organization". Our long-term approach to our business influences everything we do, including
how we make investment decisions, how we support and oversee our businesses, and how we develop our people and compensate
them. Our employee compensation programs link a significant portion of employee rewards to successful investment outcomes.
Our emphasis on fostering collaboration enables us to benefit from a diverse set of skills and experiences. Our talent management
processes and our approach to long-term compensation encourage collaboration. This shows itself in a number of ways, including
in the sharing of expertise and best practices through both formal and informal channels and building relationships and
capabilities through employee secondments and transfers.
We have a group of dedicated operations professionals in all our key regions that have extensive experience leading businesses.
We take an active role in enhancing the performance of the assets and businesses we acquire. As a result, our operations team is
fully integrated – meaning our operations professionals sit alongside our experienced investment team working hand in hand from
diligence to the execution of our business plan and through the monetization phase of an investment. The team works closely with
the senior management teams of the companies in which we invest to develop and implement business improvements that enable
31
us to increase cash flow and our return on capital. While enhancement opportunities may differ across assets and businesses, they
generally involve a combination of strategic repositioning, focus on operational excellence and enhanced commercial execution.
We recognize that people drive our success, and therefore hiring, developing and retaining our people is one of our top priorities.
We do this by ensuring our people are constantly engaged and provide a wide range of development opportunities across all
levels. We aim to create an environment that is built on strong relationships and conducive to developing our workforce, and
where individuals from diverse backgrounds can thrive.
Investment Process
Our Investment Process Leads to Value Creation
Earning robust returns on the investments we make on behalf of our clients enhances our ability to increase our Fee-Bearing
Capital and generates carried interest, both of which grow our cash flows and create value for our shareholders.
1. Raise Capital
As an asset manager, the starting point to the investment cycle is establishing new funds and other investment products for our
clients. This in turn provides the capital to invest, from which we earn base management fees, incentive distributions and
performance-based returns such as carried interest. Accordingly, we create value by increasing our amount of Fee-Bearing Capital
and by achieving strong investment performance that leads to growth in Fee-Bearing Capital and increased cash flows.
2. Identify and Acquire High-Quality Assets
We follow a value-based approach to investing and allocating capital. We believe that our disciplined approach, global reach and
our operating expertise afford us access to a wide range of potential opportunities and enable us to invest at attractive valuations
and generate superior risk-adjusted returns for our clients. We also leverage our considerable expertise in executing
recapitalizations, operational turnarounds and large development and capital projects, providing additional opportunities to deploy
capital.
3. Secure Long-Term Financing
We finance the investments we make on behalf of our clients predominantly on a long-term investment-grade basis and asset-by-
asset, where possible, with minimal recourse. This financing approach provides us with considerable stability, improves our
ability to withstand financial downturns and enables our asset management teams to focus on operations and other growth
initiatives.
4. Enhance Value and Cash Flows Through Operating Expertise
We use our operating capabilities to increase the value of the assets within our product offerings and the cash flows they produce,
and they help to protect our clients’ capital in adverse conditions. The combination of operating expertise, development
capabilities and effective financing can help ensure that an investment’s full value creation potential is realized, which we believe
is one of our most important competitive advantages.
5. Realize Capital from Asset Sales or Refinancing
We actively monitor opportunities to sell or refinance assets to generate proceeds for our investors. Capital generated in our
limited life funds is returned to investors, and in the case of our perpetual funds, we then redeploy the capital to enhance returns.
In many cases, returning capital from private funds completes the investment process, locks in investor returns and gives rise to
performance income.
32
Products and Principal Strategies
Our products broadly fall into one of three categories: (i) long-term private funds, (ii) permanent capital vehicles and perpetual
strategies, and (iii) liquid strategies. These are invested across five principal strategies: (i) renewable power and transition, (ii)
infrastructure, (iii) real estate, (iv) private equity, and (v) credit and other.
Renewable Power and Transition
Overview
• We are a leading global investment manager in renewable power and transition, with $102 billion of AUM as of
December 31, 2023.
•
Clean energy occupies a uniquely complementary position to the global goals of net-zero emissions, low-cost energy,
and energy security. We believe that the growing global demand for low-carbon energy, especially amongst corporate
off-takers, will lead to continued growth opportunities for us in the future. The investment environment for renewable
power and transition remains favorable and we expect to continue to advance our substantial pipeline of renewable
power and transition opportunities on behalf of our clients and managed assets.
• We have approximately 140 investment and asset management professionals globally that are focused on our renewable
power and transition strategy, supported by approximately 19,200 operating employees in the renewable power and
transition operating businesses that we manage. Our extensive experience and knowledge in this industry enable us to be
a leader in all major technologies with deep operating and development capabilities.
Our Products
Long-term Private Funds
•
Brookfield Global Transition Fund (“BGTF”) is our flagship transition fund series which is focused on investments
aimed at accelerating the global transition to a net-zero carbon economy. The mandate of this product is to assist utility,
energy and industrial businesses reduce carbon dioxide emissions, expand low-carbon and renewable energy production
levels and advance sustainable solutions.
Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
• We also manage Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P. (“BEP”), one of the world’s largest publicly traded renewable
power platforms, which is listed on the NYSE and TSX and had a market capitalization of over $17.9 billion as of
December 31, 2023.
Across our renewable power and transition products, we have invested on behalf of our clients in:
•
Hydroelectric operations, through river systems and facilities that provide electricity and have grid stabilizing
capabilities;
• Wind operations that use turbines to create electricity;
•
•
•
Utility solar operations that harness energy from the sun to generate electricity;
Distributed energy and storage which provides small-scale generation that can be locally installed, and pump storage
facilities; and
Sustainable solutions including renewable natural gas, carbon capture and storage, recycling, cogeneration biomass,
nuclear services, and power transformation.
Infrastructure
Overview
• We are one of the world’s largest investment managers in infrastructure, with $191 billion of AUM as of December 31,
2023.
• We focus on acquiring high-quality businesses on behalf of our clients that deliver essential goods and services,
diversified across the utilities, transport, midstream and data infrastructure sectors. We partner closely with management
teams to enable long-term success through operational and other improvements.
33
• We have approximately 240 investment and asset management professionals globally that are focused on our
infrastructure strategy, supported by approximately 53,400 operating employees in the infrastructure operating
businesses that we manage.
Our Products
Long-term Private Funds
•
•
Brookfield Infrastructure Funds (“BIF”) is our flagship infrastructure fund series. In this product offering, we invest on
behalf of our clients in high-quality infrastructure assets on a value basis and seek to add value through the investment
life cycle by utilizing our operations-oriented approach.
Brookfield Infrastructure Debt (“BID”) is our infrastructure debt fund series, which invests on behalf of our clients in
mezzanine debt investments in high-quality, core infrastructure assets.
Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
• We manage Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. (“BIP”), one of the largest, pure-play, publicly traded global
infrastructure platforms, which is listed on the NYSE and TSX and had a market capitalization of $25.6 billion as of
December 31, 2023. In this product offering, we invest on behalf of our clients in high-quality, long-life assets that
provide essential products and services for the global economy.
• We manage Brookfield Super-Core Infrastructure Partners (“BSIP”), which is our perpetual infrastructure private fund
strategy. In this product offering, we invest on behalf of our clients in core infrastructure assets in developed markets,
with a focus on yield, diversification, and inflation-protection.
• We also manage Brookfield Infrastructure Income Fund (“BII”), a semi-liquid infrastructure product strategy, offering
private wealth investors access to our best-in-class infrastructure platform.
The infrastructure investments that we manage provide a diversified exposure for our clients to scarce, high-quality businesses
that benefit from significant barriers to entry and deliver essential goods and services. Through the various products outlined, we
have invested in:
•
•
•
•
Regulated or contracted businesses that earn a return on asset base, including electricity and gas connections, natural gas
pipelines and electricity transmission lines;
Systems involved in the movement of freight, commodities and passengers, including rail operations, toll roads, terminal
and export facilities;
Assets that handle the movement and storage of commodities from a source of supply to a demand center, including
transmission pipelines, natural gas process plants and natural gas storage; and
Businesses that provide essential services and critical infrastructure to transmit and store data globally, including telecom
towers and active rooftop sites, fiber optic cable and data centers.
Real Estate
Overview
• We are one of the world’s largest investment managers in real estate, with over $276 billion of AUM as of December 31,
2023.
• We have invested, on behalf of clients, in iconic properties in the world’s most dynamic markets with the goal of
generating stable and growing distributions for our investors while protecting them against downside risk.
• We have approximately 660 investment and asset management professionals that are focused on generating superior
returns across our real estate strategies, supported by approximately 29,400 operating employees in the real estate
operating businesses that we manage.
Our Products
Long-term Private Funds
•
Our opportunistic real estate flagship fund series is Brookfield Strategic Real Estate Partners (“BSREP”). Through this
product, we invest globally across various sectors and geographies on behalf of our clients in high-quality real estate with
a focus on large, complex, distressed assets, turnarounds, and recapitalizations.
34
•
Our commercial real estate debt fund series, Brookfield Real Estate Finance Fund (“BREF”), targets investments in
transactions, predominantly in the U.S., that are senior to traditional equity and subordinate to first mortgages or
investment-grade corporate debt.
• We also manage a real estate secondaries strategy, Brookfield Real Estate Secondaries (“BRES”), with a focus on
providing liquidity solutions for other real estate general partners.
Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
• We manage $18 billion of Fee-Bearing Capital in Brookfield Property Group (“BPG”) as of December 31, 2023, which
we invest, on behalf of the Corporation, directly in real estate assets or through our real estate private fund offerings.
BPG owns, operates, and develops iconic properties in the world’s most dynamic markets with a global portfolio of
office, retail, multifamily, logistics, hospitality, land and housing, triple net lease, manufactured housing, and student
housing assets on five continents.
• We also manage capital in our perpetual private fund real estate strategy, Brookfield Premier Real Estate Partners
(“BPREP”). This is a core plus strategy that invests in high-quality, stabilized real assets located primarily in the U.S.
with a focus on office, retail, multifamily and logistics real estate assets. We also have two regional BPREP strategies
that are dedicated specifically to investments in Australia (“BPREP-A”) and Europe (“BPREP-E”).
• We manage capital across our perpetual real estate debt strategy, Brookfield Senior Mezzanine Real Estate Finance Fund
(“BSREF”). We seek to originate, acquire, and actively manage investments in U.S. senior commercial real estate debt
for this strategy.
• We also manage a non-traded REIT, Brookfield Real Estate Income Trust (“Brookfield REIT”), which is a semi-liquid
strategy catering specifically to the private wealth channel. This product invests in high quality income-producing
opportunities globally through equity or real estate-related debt.
Through the various products outlined, we have invested in multiple asset classes including:
•
•
•
•
Office properties in key gateway cities in the U.S., Canada, the U.K., Germany, Australia, Brazil and India;
High-quality retail destinations that are central gathering places for the communities they serve, combining shopping,
dining, entertainment and other activities;
Full-service hotels and leisure-style hospitality assets in high-barrier markets across North America, the U.K. and
Australia; and
High-quality assets with operational upside across multifamily, alternative living, life sciences and logistics sectors
globally.
Private Equity
Overview
• We are a leading private equity investment manager with $130 billion of AUM as of December 31, 2023.
• We focus on high-quality businesses that provide essential products and services, diversified across business services and
industrials sectors. We partner closely with management teams to enable long-term success through operational and
other improvements.
• We have approximately 280 investment and asset management professionals globally that are focused on our private
equity strategy, supported by approximately 133,700 operating employees in the operating businesses that we manage.
Our Products
Long-term Private Funds
•
Our global opportunistic flagship fund series, Brookfield Capital Partners (“BCP”), is our leading private equity
offering. The series of funds focuses on owning and operating operations that benefit from a strong competitive position,
with high barriers to entry that provide essential products and services. We seek to build value through enhancing the
cash flows of our businesses by improving strategy and execution and opportunistically recycling capital generated from
operations and dispositions.
35
•
•
•
Our special investments strategy, Brookfield Special Investments (“BSI”), is focused on structured, large-scale, non-
control investments. This product capitalizes on transactions that do not fit our traditional control-oriented flagship
private equity fund series. Transactions may include recapitalizations or strategic growth capital where we expect to
generate equity-like returns while ensuring downside protection through contracted returns.
Our growth equity strategy, Brookfield Growth (“BTG”), focuses on investing in technology-related growth stage
companies that surround our broader ecosystem of managed assets.
Our secondaries strategy, Brookfield Sponsor Solutions (“BSS”), provides bespoke capital solutions to sponsor-backed
companies at an inflection point of growth.
Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
• We manage Brookfield Business Partners L.P. (“BBU”), which is a publicly traded global business services and
industrials company focused on owning and operating high-quality providers of essential products and services. BBU is
listed on the NYSE and TSX and had a market capitalization of $4.7 billion as at December 31, 2023.
Our private equity vehicles acquire high-quality operations globally. The broad investment mandate provides us with the
flexibility to invest on behalf of our clients across multiple industries through many forms. Through the various products outlined
above, we have invested on behalf of our clients in:
•
•
•
Leading service providers to large-scale infrastructure assets, including a leading provider of work access services,
modular building leasing services and a leading global provider of lottery services and technology solutions;
Operationally intense industrial businesses that benefit from a strong competitive position, including a leading global
provider of advanced automotive battery technology, a leading private water and wastewater services company in Brazil,
and a leading manufacturer of engineered components for industrial trailers and other towable equipment providers,
among others; and
Essential services providers, including the largest private sector residential mortgage insurer in Canada and a leading
provider of software and technology services to automotive dealers.
Credit and Other
Overview
•
As a result of our partnership with Oaktree in 2019, we established ourselves as a leader among global investment
managers specializing in alternative credit investments. As of December 31, 2023, our ownership interest in Oaktree is
approximately 68%. Oaktree is one of the premier credit franchises globally and an expert in investing across the capital
structure with an emphasis on an opportunistic, value-oriented, and risk-controlled approach to investing.
• We provide one of the most comprehensive alternative credit offerings available today, with $164 billion of Fee-Bearing
Capital as of December 31, 2023, and an experienced team of investment professionals around the world.
Our Products
•
•
•
•
Our credit strategies invest in both liquid and illiquid instruments, sourced directly from borrowers and via public
markets. We focus primarily on rated and non-rated debt of sub-investment grade issuers in developed and emerging
markets, and we invest in an array of private credit, high yield bonds, convertible securities, leveraged loans, structured
credit instruments, and opportunistic credit.
The flagship credit strategy, Global Opportunities, seeks to generate current income and long-term capital appreciation
by investing in private loans to large private-equity-owned companies by focusing on protecting against loss by buying
claims on assets at bargain prices. We aim to achieve substantial gains by actively participating in restructurings to
restore companies to financial viability and creating value at every stage of the investment process.
The recently launched credit strategy, Oaktree Lending Partners (“OLP”), seeks to generate current income and long-
term capital appreciation by investing in private loans to large private-equity-owned companies in the U.S. We aim to
build a diverse portfolio of first-lien secured loans to mature, buyout, and late-stage (primarily for life sciences
businesses) companies across industries.
Included in our other strategies is our Insurance Solutions Business, a leading capital solutions business providing
insurance and reinsurance services to individuals and institutions. This business manages policy capital and deploys it
across liquid credit strategies, direct loans, and private funds.
36
•
Also included amongst our strategies is our Public Securities Group (“PSG”), which manages the Fee-Bearing Capital
associated with our liquid strategies. PSG serves institutions and individuals seeking the investment advantages of real
assets through actively managed listed equity and debt strategies.
37
PART 2
REVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS
Income Statement Analysis
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
The following table summarizes the financial results of the Manager for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period from
July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Operating recoveries ......................................................................................................... $
Expenses
Compensation and benefits ...............................................................................................
Other operating expense ...................................................................................................
Carried interest allocation compensation
Realized ..........................................................................................................................
Unrealized ......................................................................................................................
Total carried interest allocation compensation .................................................................
Interest expense .................................................................................................................
Total expenses ....................................................................................................................
Share of income from Brookfield Asset Management ULC ...............................................
Net income .......................................................................................................................... $
For the year ended December 31, 2023
2023
383 $
(326)
(5)
(24)
(38)
(62)
(9)
(402)
470
451 $
2022
37
(1)
(35)
—
(3)
(3)
—
(39)
21
19
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Manager recorded net income of $451 million. Net income consists of the
Manager’s equity interest in the earnings of the Asset Management Company and compensation and benefit costs, primarily
attributable to executive compensation costs of the Manager and unrealized carried interest compensation expense. A material
portion of these costs are reimbursed by the Corporation and the Asset Management Company in accordance with the
Relationship Agreement and the Asset Management Services Agreement. Refer to the following discussion for details on the
earnings of the Asset Management Company.
For the period from July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022
During the period ended December 31, 2022, the Manager recorded net income of $19 million, driven mostly by the Manager's
equity interest in the earnings of the Asset Management Company offset by compensation and benefit costs. A material portion of
these costs are reimbursed by the Corporation and the asset management business in accordance with the Asset Management
Services Agreement and the Relationship Agreement. Refer to the following discussion for details on the earnings of the Asset
Management Company.
38
Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations
The following table summarizes the Consolidated and Combined Statement Of Operations for BAM ULC for the years ended
December 31, 2023 and 2022:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Revenues
2023
2022
Base management and advisory fees ........................................................................................................ $
3,142 $
2,835
Investment income
Carried interest allocations
Realized ..................................................................................................................................................
Unrealized ..............................................................................................................................................
Total investment income .............................................................................................................................
Interest and dividend revenue .....................................................................................................................
Other revenues ............................................................................................................................................
Total revenues ............................................................................................................................................
Expenses
Compensation, operating, and general and administrative expenses
Compensation and benefits .......................................................................................................................
Other operating expenses ..........................................................................................................................
General, administrative and other .............................................................................................................
Total compensation, operating, and general and administrative expenses
Carried interest allocation compensation
Realized ....................................................................................................................................................
Unrealized .................................................................................................................................................
Total carried interest allocation compensation ............................................................................................
Interest expense ...........................................................................................................................................
Total expenses .............................................................................................................................................
Other (expenses) income, net ......................................................................................................................
Share of income from equity accounted investments ..................................................................................
Income before taxes ....................................................................................................................................
Income tax expense .....................................................................................................................................
Net income ..................................................................................................................................................
Net (income) attributable to: .......................................................................................................................
Redeemable non-controlling interests in consolidated funds ...................................................................
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest...............................................................................
Non-controlling interest ............................................................................................................................
Net income attributable to the common stockholders ........................................................................... $
51
348
399
172
349
241
249
490
258
44
4,062
3,627
(1,048)
(342)
(56)
(700)
(236)
(81)
(1,446)
(1,017)
(26)
(60)
(86)
(14)
(1,546)
(129)
167
2,554
(417)
2,137
—
(262)
(36)
(61)
(139)
(200)
(154)
(1,371)
1,090
146
3,492
(627)
2,865
(909)
(35)
(6)
1,839 $
1,915
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
Net income for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $2.1 billion, of which $1.8 billion was attributable to common
stockholders. This compares to net income of $2.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2022, of which $1.9 billion was
attributable to common stockholders.
Revenues
Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $4.1 billion, which represents an increase of $435 million or 12%
compared to $3.6 billion of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022.
39
Base Management and Advisory Fees
Base management and advisory fees, excluding incentive distributions, for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $2.8 billion,
which represents an increase of $266 million or 11% compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase was
predominantly driven by incremental contributions from capital raised for our latest flagship funds and capital deployed across
our complementary strategies. Incentive distributions for the year ended December 31, 2023, were $376 million, an increase of
$41 million or 12% from the year ended December 31, 2022, driven by growth in BIP and BEP's dividends of 6% and 5%,
respectively.
Carried Interest Allocations
Realized carried interest allocations were $51 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents a decrease of
$190 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. Realized carried interest allocations in the year were primarily
driven by dispositions within our real estate flagship funds. Realized carried interest allocations of $241 million for the year ended
December 31, 2022 were primarily driven by realizations within our real estate long-term and perpetual funds, as well as a
realization within our infrastructure business.
Unrealized carried interest allocations were $348 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents an increase of
$99 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The unrealized carried interest allocations were primarily related to
growth in valuations in our private equity, real estate and transition flagship funds, partially offset by realizations in the year.
Unrealized carried interest allocations attributable to the asset management business, which represents unrealized carried interest
on new funds, was $167 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $124 million for the year ended December
31, 2022. The Asset Management Company is entitled to 66.67% of unrealized carried interest on new funds with the remaining
33.33% interest attributable to the Corporation.
Interest and Dividend Revenue
Interest and dividend revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $172 million, which represents a decrease of
$86 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was a result of the transfer of certain investments and
loans of the asset management business to the Corporation as part of the Arrangement. Prior year interest and dividend income
was earned from legacy investments and interest bearing loans with affiliates.
Other Revenues
Other revenues were $349 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $305 million compared to the year ended
December 31, 2023. The increase is due to amounts recoverable from the Corporation associated with share and performance
based compensation as defined by the Relationship Agreement.
Expenses
Total expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $1.5 billion, an increase of $175 million or 13% compared to the year
ended December 31, 2022.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $1.0 billion, which represents an increase of $348 million
compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. This is primarily attributable to increased compensation costs resulting from the
ongoing growth of our asset management business and mark-to-market increases of liability based awards.
Other Operating Expenses
Other operating expenses are comprised of professional fees, facilities costs, as well as costs directly associated with our
fundraising and investment functions. Other operating expenses were $342 million for the year ended December 31, 2023,
compared to $236 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to the growth in our
business relative to the prior year.
Carried Interest Allocation Compensation
Compensation expenses related to carried interest allocation compensation were $86 million for the year ended December 31,
2023, which represents a decrease of $114 million compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. This is predominantly driven
by lower relative valuation gains compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 across certain of our funds. As outlined in the
Relationship Agreement, the carried interest compensation expense associated with mature funds is fully recoverable from the
Corporation. Carried interest compensation expense on new funds was $2 million on a net basis.
40
Other (Expenses) Income, net
Other (expenses) income, net for the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily consists of mark-to-market movements on our
investment in BSREP III and mark-to-market adjustments on call and put options to acquire an additional interest in Oaktree and
Primary Wave in the future. BSREP III mark-to-market movements and dividend distributions during 2023 are not attributable to
the Asset Management Company on a net basis. The Asset Management Company also recorded impairment charges associated
with intangible assets and goodwill of $30 million related to legacy acquisitions, and transaction costs related to the spin-off of the
asset management business. Other income in the prior year relates to dividend income received from BSREP III.
Share of Income from Equity Accounted Investments
Our share of income from equity accounted investments was $167 million compared to $146 million in the prior year, or an
increase of 14%. This is predominantly our share of income from our investment in Oaktree, primarily driven by unrealized
carried interest generated during the year.
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $417 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which represents a decrease of $210 million
compared to the year ended December 31, 2022. This decrease was driven by lower taxable income relative to prior year.
Net (Income) Attributable to Preferred Share Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest
Net (income) attributable to preferred redeemable non-controlling interest was $262 million for the year ended December 31,
2023. This balance primarily represents the movement in carried interest net of carried interest allocation expense and taxes
associated with mature funds owing to the Corporation.
Net (Income) Attributable to Non-Controlling Interest
Net (income) attributable to non-controlling interest was $36 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. This balance is
primarily the carried interest generated on new funds that is attributable to the Corporation.
41
Balance Sheet Analysis
Consolidated Balance Sheets
The following table summarizes the Consolidated Balance Sheets of the Manager as at December 31, 2023 and December 31,
2022:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents .............................................................................................................. $
Due from affiliates .........................................................................................................................
Other assets ....................................................................................................................................
Investment in Brookfield Asset Management ULC .......................................................................
Total assets .................................................................................................................................... $
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ....................................................................................... $
Due to affiliates ..............................................................................................................................
Total liabilities ..............................................................................................................................
Equity
Common Stock:
Class A (unlimited authorized and 413,026,253 issued and 388,733,466 outstanding) ..
Class B (unlimited authorized and 21,280 issued and outstanding) ................................
Class A held in treasury (24,292,787 shares) ..................................................................
Additional paid-in-capital ............................................................................................................
Retained (deficit) earnings ...........................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive income .................................................................................
Total common equity .....................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest ...............................................................................................................
Total equity ...................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities, non-controlling interest and equity ................................................................. $
As at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
2023
2022
9 $
886
40
2,270
3,205 $
859 $
261
1,120
2,354
—
(649)
403
(35)
3
2,076
9
2,085
3,205 $
1
782
—
2,378
3,161
781
3
784
2,410
—
(330)
278
19
—
2,377
—
2,377
3,161
As at December 31, 2023, the Manager’s total assets were $3.2 billion. Total assets consist primarily of the 25% interest in the
Asset Management Company and reimbursements due from affiliates related to long-term executive compensation programs of
the Manager.
As at December 31, 2023, the Manager’s total liabilities were $1.1 billion, an increase of $336 million compared to the prior year,
driven by an increase in due to affiliates of $258 million primarily due to draws on the Manager credit facility with the Asset
Management Company to fund share repurchases.
As at December 31, 2023, the Manager's total equity was $2.1 billion, which decreased by $292 million compared to the prior
year due to share buybacks and distributions in the year, partially offset by increases in additional paid-in-capital related to stock
based compensation plans.
42
Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets
The following table is the BAM ULC Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets as at December 31, 2023 and December 31,
2022:
2023
2022
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents .............................................................................................................. $
Accounts receivable and other .......................................................................................................
Due from affiliates .........................................................................................................................
Investments ....................................................................................................................................
Property, plant and equipment .......................................................................................................
Intangible assets .............................................................................................................................
Goodwill ........................................................................................................................................
Deferred income tax assets ............................................................................................................
Total assets .................................................................................................................................... $
Liabilities
Accounts payable and other ........................................................................................................... $
Due to affiliates ..............................................................................................................................
Deferred income tax liabilities .......................................................................................................
Total liabilities ..............................................................................................................................
2,667 $
588
2,504
7,522
73
42
251
643
14,290 $
1,799 $
986
40
2,825
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest ....................................................................
2,166
Equity
Common equity (common shares - unlimited authorized, 1,635,349,629 issued and
outstanding) ....................................................................................................................................
Retained (deficit) earnings ...........................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive income .................................................................................
Additional paid-in capital ............................................................................................................
Total common equity .....................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest ...............................................................................................................
Total equity ...................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and equity ............................................ $
9,014
(178)
168
122
9,126
173
9,299
14,290 $
As at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Assets
3,545
429
2,121
6,877
68
59
249
739
14,087
1,842
811
17
2,670
1,811
9,271
84
153
—
9,508
98
9,606
14,087
Total assets were $14.3 billion as at December 31, 2023, an increase of $203 million or 1% compared to December 31, 2022 due
to increases in investments and due from affiliates, partially offset by a decrease in cash and cash equivalents and deferred income
tax assets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents were $2.7 billion, a decrease of $878 million or 25% from the prior year. This decrease is largely due
to the acquisition of our incremental 4% ownership interest in Oaktree, temporary working capital provided to our managed
funds, interest bearing loans to affiliates and the Manager, and the settlements of amounts owing to affiliates. Of this balance,
$2.5 billion is on deposit with the Corporation.
43
Accounts Receivable and Other
Accounts receivable and other of $588 million primarily consists of receivables from third parties and prepaid expenses. The
increase of $159 million or 37% over the prior year is largely driven by the prepayments of stock based compensation costs to the
Manager in accordance with the Asset Management Services Agreement.
Due from Affiliates
Due from affiliates of $2.5 billion primarily relates to management fees earned but not collected from our managed funds, as well
as reimbursements due from the Corporation for long-term compensation awards. The increase of $383 million or 18% from the
prior year was primarily the result of the timing of settlements, higher recharges associated with long-term compensation awards,
draws on the Manager credit facility, and other interest bearing related party loans.
Investments
Investments are predominantly comprised of our 16% limited partnership interest in BSREP III and an approximate 68%
ownership interest in Oaktree. The increase from the prior year of $645 million or 9% was primarily a result of income earned
from our investment in Oaktree as well as the increase in our ownership interest in Oaktree from approximately 64% to
approximately 68% during the year.
Liabilities
Total liabilities were $2.8 billion as at December 31, 2023, an increase of $155 million or 6% compared to the prior year.
Accounts Payable and Other
Accounts payable and other primarily consists of accrued bonus compensation, performance and cash settled share based
compensation, and the mark-to-market of derivatives associated with put options on certain of our investments. The increase in
2023 of $43 million reflects the timing of payments and movements in the mark-to-market of put options to acquire additional
interests in Oaktree and Primary Wave in the future.
Due to Affiliates
Due to affiliates of $986 million reflects amounts owed to affiliates. The increase of $175 million or 22% relative to the prior year
was the result of higher borrowings on our credit facility with the Corporation and reflects the timing of payments in the normal
course of operations.
Preferred Shares Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest was $2.2 billion as at December 31, 2023, an increase of $355 million or
20% compared to $1.8 billion as at December 31, 2022. This increase was due to carried interest generated on mature funds
during the year.
Non-Controlling Interest
Non-controlling interest was $173 million as at December 31, 2023, an increase of $75 million compared to $98 million as at
December 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to carried interest generated by new funds that is owed to the Corporation
and other non-controlling interests associated with various entities within the asset management business.
44
Cash Flow Statement Analysis
Review of Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
The following table summarizes the changes in the Manager’s cash for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period from
July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2023
508 $
(41)
(459)
8 $
2022
(2)
—
3
1
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022
During the year, the Manager's operating activities generated positive cashflows of $508 million primarily attributable to the share
of income driven from its investment in the Asset Management Company. During the period ended December 31, 2022, the
Manager's operating cash outflows were $2 million.
Net cash outflows from investing activities totaled $41 million, primarily reflecting the purchase of an option to acquire additional
shares of the Asset Management Company.
Net cash outflows from financing activities totaled $459 million, primarily attributed to the distributions paid to the Manager's
shareholders and share buybacks. These outflows were partially offset by cash drawn on the credit facility between the Manager
and the Asset Management Company.
During the period ended December 31, 2022, net cash inflows from financing activities totaled $3 million, primarily attributed to
movements of loan balances from an affiliate of the Corporation as a result of the Arrangement and share subscriptions of the
Corporation. These inflows were partially offset by share repurchases.
Review of Consolidated and Combined Statement of Cash Flows
Refer to the following table that summarizes the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Cash Flows for our asset management
business for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2023
1,439 $
(475)
(1,842)
(878) $
2022
(374)
1,706
(280)
1,052
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022
During the year, the Company's operating activities generated positive cashflows of $1.4 billion, compared to cash outflows of
$374 million in the prior year. Excluding the net change in working capital and other non-cash operating items, operating cash
inflows were $2.1 billion, representing an increase of $76 million or 4% compared to the prior year, primarily driven by the
impact of the Arrangement.
45
Investing Activities
Net cash outflows from investing activities totaled $475 million, compared to inflows of $1.7 billion in the prior year. The current
year investing activity primarily consists of the purchase of the incremental 4% ownership interest in Oaktree and advances
provided to the Manager on its credit facility. The prior year investing activity inflow was predominantly driven by the disposition
of financial assets as part of the Arrangement.
Financing Activities
Net cash outflows from financing activities totaled $1.8 billion, compared to outflows of $280 million in the prior year. The
current year primarily consists of distributions to shareholders of $2.1 billion, partially offset by borrowings from related parties
of $197 million. The prior year outflows were primarily as a result of distributions to parent, distributions to redeemable non-
controlling interests and capital borrowings, partially offset by inflows from contributions from the parent.
46
Summary of Quarterly Results
Summary of Quarterly Results for the Manager
The quarterly variances in operating recoveries since July 4, 2022 are due primarily to related party recharges to the Asset
Management Company and the Corporation for executive compensation costs of the Manager and performance based
compensation expense. The operating recoveries associated with our Deferred Share Unit ("DSU") and Restricted Share Unit
("RSU") plans, which are recorded at fair value being the market value of the Class A shares of the Corporation and the Manager
as at the period then ended, may fluctuate materially on a quarterly basis. These recharges are reimbursements by the Corporation
and the Asset Management Company of costs incurred associated with these liability based awards in accordance with the
Relationship Agreement and the Asset Management Services Agreement, respectively. Variances in net income relate primarily to
our equity interest in the earnings of the Asset Management Company.
Our consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the five most recent quarters are as follows:
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Operating recoveries .......................................................................................... $ 160 $
Net income .........................................................................................................
Earnings per share
Q4
95
2023
Q3
38 $
122
2022
Q1
Q2
47 $ 138 $
109
125
Q4
37
19
– basic ..............................................................................................................
– diluted ...........................................................................................................
0.24
0.24
0.31
0.31
0.28
0.28
0.31
0.31
0.05
0.05
Over the last five quarters, the factors discussed below caused variations in revenues and net income on a quarterly basis:
•
•
•
•
•
In the fourth quarter of 2023, operating recoveries increased in comparison to the prior quarter primarily due to an
increase in amounts recoverable from related parties associated with share based compensation, partially offset by a
decrease in performance based compensation. The decrease in net income in the quarter compared to the prior quarter is
primarily a result of a decrease in earnings of the Asset Management Company.
In the third quarter of 2023, operating recoveries decreased in comparison to the prior quarter primarily due to a decrease
in amounts recoverable from related parties associated with share and performance based compensation. The increase in
net income in the quarter compared to the prior quarter is primarily a result of an increase in earnings of the Asset
Management Company.
In the second quarter of 2023, operating recoveries decreased in comparison to the prior quarter primarily due to a
decrease in amounts recoverable from related parties associated with share and performance based compensation. The
decrease in net income in the quarter compared to the prior quarter is primarily a result of a decrease in earnings of the
Asset Management Company.
In the first quarter of 2023, operating recoveries and net income increased as a result of a full quarter of recoveries from
the Corporation and the Asset Management Company, as well as the equity pick-up of our interest in the Asset
Management Company.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, operating recoveries and net income reflect activity for the period from December 9, 2022
to December 31, 2022 as a result of timing of the Arrangement.
47
Summary of Quarterly Results for BAM ULC
The quarterly variances in revenues over the past two years are due primarily to management fees earned from our funds, accrued
carried interest, interest income earned on our deposit with the Corporation and related party recoveries for executive and
performance based compensation expense. Management fees and accrued carried interest are dependent on fundraising and fund
performance, and will therefore fluctuate over time. Variances in net income are primarily attributable to the movements in
revenue as well as movements in employee compensation and professional fees, and our share of income from equity method
investments. Net income attributable to common stockholders reflects net income adjusted for the attribution of unrealized and
realized carried interest net of cost associated with mature funds, as well as unrealized and realized carried interest owed to the
Corporation on new funds.
Our Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations for the eight most recent quarters are as follows:
2023
2022
FOR THE PERIODS ENDED
Q1
Q3
(MILLIONS)
Revenues ........................................................... $ 1,130 $ 893 $ 985 $ 1,054 $ 1,117 $ 831 $ 924 $ 755
Net income ........................................................
723
510
Net income attributable to common
stockholders ....................................................
531
374
613
580
395
504
516
516
348
695
455
494
668
834
Q4
Q3
Q4
Q2
Q2
Q1
Over the last eight quarters, the factors discussed below caused variations in revenues and net income to stockholders on a
quarterly basis:
•
•
•
•
•
In the fourth quarter of 2023, revenues increased relative to the prior quarter due to growth in base management and
advisory fees, higher recoveries from related parties associated with share based compensation and an increase in
unrealized carried interest generated as a result of higher returns on our long-term private funds. Net income decreased
due to the aforementioned increases in revenues and an increase in our share of income from Oaktree, which were more
than offset by mark-to-market losses on our investment in BSREP III and higher employee compensation related
expenses. This activity, net of accrued carried interest attributable to our redeemable preferred shares and non-controlling
interests, as well as BSREP III movements attributable to the Corporation, resulted in a decrease to net income to
stockholders relative to the prior quarter.
In the third quarter of 2023, revenues decreased relative to the prior quarter due to lower recoverables from related
parties associated with share and performance based compensation, decreased unrealized carried interest generated as a
result of lower returns on our long-term private funds, partially offset by higher market values of our perpetual funds.
Net income decreased due to the aforementioned decreases in revenues as well as mark-to-market losses on our
investment in BSREP III, partially offset by a decrease in employee compensation related expenses. This activity, net of
accrued carried interest attributable to our redeemable preferred shares and non-controlling interests, as well as BSREP
III movements attributable to the Corporation, resulted in an increase to net income to stockholders relative to the prior
quarter.
In the second quarter of 2023, revenues decreased relative to the prior quarter due to lower recoverables from related
parties associated with share and performance based compensation and lower base management fees earned on our long-
term private funds. Net income increased due to lower performance based compensation costs, mark-to-market gains on
our investment in BSREP III and a decrease in employee compensation related expenses, partially offset by the
aforementioned decreases in revenues. This activity, net of accrued carried interest attributable to our redeemable
preferred shares and non-controlling interests, as well as BSREP III movements attributable to the Corporation, resulted
in a decrease to net income to stockholders relative to the prior quarter.
In the first quarter of 2023, revenues decreased relative to the prior quarter due to lower unrealized carry allocations as a
result of lower returns on certain of our funds compared to the prior quarter, partially offset by higher recoverables from
related parties associated with share and performance based compensation. Net income decreased due to the
aforementioned decreases in revenues as well as by higher compensation costs as a result of annual salary increases. This
increase was partially offset by higher earnings from our investment in Oaktree. This activity, net of accrued carried
interest attributable to our redeemable preferred shares and non-controlling interests, as well as BSREP III movements
attributable to the Corporation, resulted in an increase to net income to stockholders relative to the prior quarter.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, revenues increased relative to the prior quarter due to strong growth in base management
and advisory fees as a result of contributions from flagship fundraising and fees on co-investment capital. These
48
increases were partially offset by lower market capitalizations of the perpetual affiliates and lower interest income as a
result of the transfer of certain investments and loans of the asset management business to the Corporation as part of the
Arrangement. In addition, increased unrealized carried interest allocations resulted from higher valuation gains
recognized for our real estate long-term private funds. Net income decreased due to the aforementioned increases in
revenues, which were more than offset by the deconsolidation of BSREP III as part of the Arrangement, higher
performance based compensation expense on carried interest generated, and negative earnings pickup from our
investment in Oaktree. This activity, net of accrued carried interest attributable to our redeemable preferred shares and
non-controlling interests resulted in an increase to net income to stockholders relative to the prior quarter.
In the third quarter of 2022, revenues decreased relative to the prior quarter due to decreased unrealized carried interest
allocations as a result of lower returns on our second real estate flagship fund, partially offset by higher base
management fees earned on our long-term private funds. Net income decreased due to the aforementioned decreases in
revenues as well as higher compensation costs as a result of hiring investment professionals to support our flagship funds
and expanding product offerings, and mark-to-market valuation losses on our investment in BSREP III. This activity,
net of non-controlling interest in consolidated funds, resulted in a decrease to net income to BAM ULC relative to the
prior quarter.
In the second quarter of 2022, revenues increased relative to the prior quarter due to strong growth in base management
and advisory fees as a result of contributions from flagship fundraising and new products and the higher market
capitalizations of the perpetual affiliates, as well as increased unrealized carried interest allocations as a result of higher
valuation gains recognized for our real-estate long-term private funds. Net income increased due to the aforementioned
increases in revenues, partially offset by higher compensation costs as a result of annual salary increases and hiring
investment professionals to support our flagship funds and expanding product offerings. This activity, net of non-
controlling interest in consolidated funds, resulted in an increase to net income to BAM ULC relative to the prior quarter.
In the first quarter of 2022, revenues declined relative to the prior quarter due to a decrease in unrealized carried interest
allocations as a result of lower valuation gains recognized for our real estate long-term private funds, partially offset by
an increase in base management and advisory fees as a result of higher market capitalizations of the perpetual affiliates,
contributions from flagship fundraising and new products. Net income decreased due to the aforementioned decreases in
revenues, and higher compensation costs as a result of annual salary increases. This activity, net of non-controlling
interest in consolidated funds, resulted in a decrease to net income to BAM ULC relative to the prior quarter.
•
•
•
49
PART 3
KEY FINANCIAL AND OPERATING MEASURES
The Manager and the Asset Management Company prepare their financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. This
MD&A discloses a number of non-GAAP financial and supplemental financial measures which are utilized in monitoring our
asset management business, including for performance measurement, capital allocation and valuation purposes. The Manager
believes that providing these performance measures is helpful to investors in assessing overall performance, as well as the
performance of our asset management business. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as the sole
measure of the Manager’s or our asset management business’ performance and should not be considered in isolation from, or as a
substitute for, similar financial measures calculated in conformity with U.S. GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP
financial measures are not standardized financial measures and may not be comparable to similar financial measures used by other
issuers. The asset management business includes the asset management activities of Oaktree, an equity accounted affiliate, in its
key financial and operating measures for our asset management business. See “Reconciliation of U.S. GAAP to Non-GAAP
Measures.”
Non-GAAP Measures
Fee Revenues
Fee Revenues is a key metric analyzed by management to determine the growth in recurring cash flows from our asset
management business. Fee Revenues include base management fees, incentive distributions, performance fees and transaction
fees. Fee Revenues exclude carried interest but include Fee Revenues earned by Oaktree. The most directly comparable measure
of Fee Revenues disclosed in the financial statements is base management and advisory fees.
Fee-Related Earnings
Fee-Related Earnings is used to provide additional insight into the operating profitability of our asset management activities. Fee-
Related Earnings are recurring in nature and not based on future realization events. Fee-Related Earnings is comprised of Fee
Revenues less direct costs associated with earning those fees, which include employee compensation and professional fees as well
as business related technology costs, and other shared services costs. The most directly comparable measure of Fee-Related
Earnings disclosed in the primary financial statements is net income.
Distributable Earnings
Distributable Earnings used by the Manager provides insight into earnings that are available for distribution or to be reinvested by
the Manager. Distributable Earnings of the Manager represent its share of Distributable Earnings from our asset management
business less general and administrative expenses, but excluding equity-based compensation expenses, of the Manager. The most
directly comparable measure disclosed in our primary financial statements for Distributable Earnings of the Manager is net
income.
The Manager intends to pay out approximately 90% of its Distributable Earnings to shareholders quarterly and reinvest the
balance back into the business. The asset management business intends to pay dividends to the Manager on a quarterly basis
sufficient to ensure that the Manager can pay its intended dividend.
Distributable Earnings used by our asset management business provides insight into earnings that are available for distribution or
to be reinvested by our asset management business. It is calculated as the sum of its Fee-Related Earnings, realized carried
interest, returns from our corporate cash and financial assets, interest expense, cash taxes, and general and administrative expenses
excluding equity-based compensation expenses and depreciation and amortization. The most directly comparable measure
disclosed in the primary financial statements of our asset management business for Distributable Earnings is net income.
50
Supplemental Financial Measures Utilized by Our Asset Management Business
Assets Under Management
AUM refers to the total fair value of assets managed, calculated as follows:
•
Investments that Brookfield, which includes the Corporation, the asset management business, or their affiliates, either:
◦
◦
◦
Consolidates for accounting purposes (generally, investments in respect of which Brookfield has a significant
economic interest and unilaterally directs day-to-day operating, investing and financing activities), or
Does not consolidate for accounting purposes but over which Brookfield has significant influence by virtue of one or
more attributes (e.g., being the largest investor in the investment, having the largest representation on the
investment’s governance body, being the primary manager and/or operator of the investment, and/or having other
significant influence attributes),
Are calculated at 100% of the total fair value of the investment taking into account its full capital structure — equity
and debt — on a gross asset value basis, even if Brookfield does not own 100% of the investment, with the
exception of investments held through our perpetual funds, which are calculated at its proportionate economic share
of the investment’s net asset value.
•
All other investments are calculated at Brookfield’s proportionate economic share of the total fair value of the investment
taking into account its full capital structure — equity and debt — on a gross asset value basis.
Our methodology for determining AUM differs from the methodology that is employed by other alternative asset managers as
well as the methodology for calculating regulatory AUM that is prescribed for certain regulatory filings (e.g., Form ADV and
Form PF).
Fee-Bearing Capital
Fee-Bearing Capital represents the capital committed, pledged, or invested in our permanent capital vehicles, private funds and
liquid strategies that we manage which entitles us to earn Fee Revenues. Fee-Bearing Capital includes both called (“invested”)
and uncalled (“pledged” or “committed”) amounts.
When reconciling period amounts, we utilize the following definitions:
•
•
•
Inflows include capital commitments and contributions to our private and liquid strategies funds, and equity issuances
from the permanent capital vehicles.
Outflows represent distributions and redemptions of capital from within the liquid strategies capital.
Distributions represent quarterly distributions from the permanent capital vehicles as well as returns of committed capital
(excluding market valuation adjustments), redemptions and expiry of uncalled commitments within our private funds.
• Market valuation includes gains (losses) on portfolio investments, the permanent capital vehicles and liquid strategies
based on market prices.
•
Other includes changes in net non-recourse leverage included in the determination of the permanent capital vehicle
capitalizations and the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations on non-U.S. dollar commitments.
Uncalled Fund Commitments
Total Uncalled Fund Commitments includes capital callable from fund investors, including funds outside of their investment
period, for which capital is callable for follow-on investments.
51
Fee-Bearing Capital Diversification
AS AT DEC. 31, 2023 (BILLIONS)
By Fund Type
By Business Line
■
■
■
Long-term private
funds
Permanent capital
vehicles and
perpetual strategies
Liquid strategies
■
Renewable power and
transition
■ Infrastructure
■ Real estate
■ Private equity
■ Credit and other
Long-term Private Funds
As of December 31, 2023, we managed approximately $245 billion of Fee-Bearing Capital across a diverse range of long-term
private funds that target opportunistic (20%+, gross), value-add (15%-16%, gross), core and core plus (9%-13%, gross) returns.
These funds are generally closed-end and have a long duration, typically committed for 10 years with 2 one-year extension
options.
On these products, we earn:
•
•
•
Diversified and long-term base management fees, typically on committed capital or invested capital, depending on the
nature of the fund and where the fund is in its life,
Transaction and advisory fees on co-investment capital that we raise and deploy alongside our long-term private funds,
which vary based on transaction agreements, and
Carried interest or performance fees, which entitle us to a portion of overall fund profits, provided that investors receive
a minimum prescribed preferred return. Carried interest is typically paid towards the end of the life of a fund after capital
has been returned to investors and may be subject to “clawback” until all investments have been monetized and
minimum investment returns are sufficiently assured. The Corporation is entitled to receive 33.3% of the carried interest
on new sponsored funds of our asset management business and will retain all of the carried interest earned on our
existing mature funds.
Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
As of December 31, 2023, we managed approximately $149 billion of Fee-Bearing Capital across our permanent capital vehicles,
perpetual core, and core plus private funds.
On these products, we earn:
•
•
•
Long-term perpetual base management fees, which are based on the market capitalization or net asset value of our
permanent capital vehicles and on the net asset value of our perpetual private funds.
Stable incentive distribution fees from BEP and BIP, which are linked to the growth in cash distributions paid to
investors above a predetermined hurdle. Both BEP and BIP have a long-standing track record of growing distributions
annually within their target range of 5-9%.
Performance fees from BBU are based on unit price performance above a prescribed high-water mark price, which are
not subject to clawback, as well as carried interest on our perpetual private funds.
Liquid Strategies
As of December 31, 2023, we managed approximately $63 billion of Fee-Bearing Capital across our liquid strategies, which
included capital that we manage on behalf of our publicly listed funds and separately managed accounts, with a focus on fixed
income and equity securities across real estate, infrastructure, and natural resources.
On these products, we earn:
•
•
Base management fees, which are based on committed capital or fund net asset value, and
Performance income based on investment returns above a minimum prescribed return.
52
$149$245$63$54$100$39$101$163
PART 4
ANALYSIS OF KEY NON-GAAP FINANCIAL AND OPERATING
MEASURES OF OUR ASSET MANAGEMENT BUSINESS
The following section contains a discussion and analysis of key financial and operating measures utilized in managing our asset
management business, including for performance measurement, capital allocation and valuation purposes. For further detail on
our non-GAAP and performance measures, please refer to “Key Financial and Operating Measures.”
Distributable Earnings
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Fee Revenues ........................................................................................................................................... $
2023
4,381 $
2022
4,048
Fee-Related Earnings1
............................................................................................................................
Add back: equity-based compensation costs and other income ................................................................
Cash taxes .................................................................................................................................................
Distributable Earnings ........................................................................................................................... $
2,241
199
(196)
2,244 $
2,108
86
(98)
2,096
1. Fee-Related Earnings include Oaktree’s Fee-Related Earnings at our approximate 68% ownership interest (2022 - 64%).
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Distributable Earnings were $2.2 billion for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $148 million or 7% compared to
the prior year. The increase was driven by higher Fee-Related Earnings, primarily attributable to our fundraising and capital
deployment efforts. These increases were partially offset by lower fees from our permanent capital vehicles due to a decline in
their average market capitalization compared to the prior year and an increase in costs as we continue to scale our asset
management business. In addition, there was a $113 million increase in equity-based compensation costs and other income,
primarily driven by higher interest income on our deposit with the Corporation. The overall increase in Distributable Earnings was
partially offset by an increase in Cash taxes of $98 million due to higher Fee-Related Earnings.
Fee-Bearing Capital
The following table summarizes Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
AS AT
(MILLIONS)
Renewable power and transition ............................................ $
Infrastructure ..........................................................................
Real estate ..............................................................................
Private equity .........................................................................
Credit and other ......................................................................
December 31, 2023 ............................................................... $
December 31, 2022 ................................................................ $
Long-term
private funds
Perpetual
strategies
Liquid
strategies
Total
31,187 $
52,220
72,037
33,249
56,795
245,488 $
218,992 $
22,700 $
47,290
28,951
5,600
44,031
148,572 $
135,575 $
— $
—
—
—
62,938
62,938 $
63,296 $
53,887
99,510
100,988
38,849
163,764
456,998
417,863
53
The changes in Fee-Bearing Capital are set out in the following table for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Renewable
power and
transition
Infrastructure
Real estate
Private
equity
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED
(MILLIONS)
Balance, December 31, 2022 ............ $
Inflows ..............................................
Outflows ...........................................
Distributions .....................................
Market valuation ...............................
Other .................................................
Change ..............................................
Balance, December 31, 2023 .......... $
47,218 $
6,848
—
(1,626)
1,757
(310)
6,669
53,887 $
85,887 $
14,059
(6)
(3,062)
2,241
391
13,623
99,510 $
103,025 $
12,042
(508)
(5,415)
(3,016)
(5,140)
(2,037)
100,988 $
Total
Credit and
other
142,416 $ 417,863
73,180
35,807
(20,362)
(19,848)
(16,280)
(4,977)
8,072
7,906
(5,475)
2,460
21,348
39,135
163,764 $ 456,998
39,317 $
4,424
—
(1,200)
(816)
(2,876)
(468)
38,849 $
Fee-Bearing Capital was $457 billion as at December 31, 2023 compared to $418 billion as at December 31, 2022. The increase
of $39 billion was primarily attributable to fundraising and capital deployments across our strategies, including our fifth real
estate and infrastructure flagship funds, and our sixth private equity flagship fund. Inflows within our credit and other strategy due
to capital deployed within our closed-end funds and other investments in our insurance solutions business also contributed to the
increase of Fee-Bearing Capital. The overall increase of Fee-Bearing Capital was partially offset by distributions to our clients
and outflows due to redemptions within our credit funds and liquid strategies.
The following table summarizes Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2022 and 2021:
AS AT
(MILLIONS)
Renewable power and transition ............................................ $
Infrastructure ..........................................................................
Real estate ..............................................................................
Private equity .........................................................................
Credit and other ......................................................................
December 31, 2022 ............................................................... $
December 31, 2021 ................................................................ $
Long-term
private funds
Perpetual
strategies
Liquid
strategies
Total
26,708 $
44,512
69,473
31,501
46,798
218,992 $
169,346 $
20,510 $
41,375
33,552
7,816
32,322
135,575 $
117,549 $
— $
—
—
—
63,296
63,296 $
77,238 $
47,218
85,887
103,025
39,317
142,416
417,863
364,133
The changes in Fee-Bearing Capital are set out in the following table for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Renewable
power and
transition
Infrastructure
Real estate
Private
equity
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED
(MILLIONS)
Balance, December 31, 2021 ............ $
Inflows ..............................................
Outflows ...........................................
Distributions .....................................
Market valuation ...............................
Other .................................................
Change ..............................................
Balance, December 31, 2022 .......... $
47,525 $
6,823
—
(1,428)
(5,873)
171
(307)
47,218 $
67,736 $
26,974
—
(3,794)
(5,053)
24
18,151
85,887 $
82,282 $
18,850
(394)
(4,556)
1,645
5,198
20,743
103,025 $
Total
Credit and
other
132,195 $ 364,133
107,669
45,887
(22,042)
(21,648)
(12,161)
(1,573)
(20,247)
(8,432)
511
(4,013)
10,221
53,730
142,416 $ 417,863
34,395 $
9,135
—
(810)
(2,534)
(869)
4,922
39,317 $
Fee-Bearing Capital was $418 billion as at December 31, 2022 compared to $364 billion as at December 31, 2021. The increase
of $54 billion was primarily attributable to inflows of $108 billion resulting from capital raised across flagship funds, capital
inflows within credit and other funds in our insurance solutions business, and capital raised and deployed across various
strategies. These increases were partially offset by lower market valuations and outflows within our liquid credit strategies and
decreases in the market capitalizations of BEP and BIP due to a decline in share prices compared to prior year.
54
Fee Revenues and Fee-Related Earnings
............................................................................................................................... $
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Base management fees1
Incentive distributions .................................................................................................................................
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Fee Revenues ..............................................................................................................................................
Less: direct costs1,2
......................................................................................................................................
Less: Fee-Related Earnings not attributable to the asset management business .........................................
Fee-Related Earnings ................................................................................................................................ $
2023
3,956 $
378
47
4,381
(2,014)
2,367
(126)
2,241 $
2022
3,620
335
93
4,048
(1,792)
2,256
(148)
2,108
1. Base management fees and direct costs are presented on a 100% basis. Base management fees and direct costs for Oaktree totaled $1.2 billion and $824 million, respectively, for the
year ended December 31, 2023 (2022 - $1.2 billion and $760 million, respectively). Refer to Note 3 - “Investments” of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements included
elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional disclosures related to Oaktree revenues, expenses, and net income.
2. Direct costs include compensation expense, other operating expenses and general, administrative, and other expenses and related Oaktree direct costs at 100%.
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Fee Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $4.4 billion, an increase of $333 million or 8% compared to prior year.
This increase was predominantly due to an increase in base management fees of $336 million or 9%, driven by fees earned from
fundraising for our latest infrastructure, real estate and private equity flagship funds and incremental fees earned in our credit and
other platform as a result of capital deployed across our opportunistic credit funds. In addition, fees from our perpetual strategy
increased due to the increase in net asset values of underlying assets. The increase in base management fees was partially offset
by lower fees from our listed permanent capital vehicles due to decreases in market capitalizations.
Incentive distributions increased by $43 million or 13% as a result of an increase in BEP and BIP's quarterly dividend over the
prior year of 5% and 6%, respectively.
Direct costs increased by $222 million or 12% from the prior year as we continue to scale our asset management business and
higher equity-based compensation.
Fee-Related Earnings increased by $133 million or 6%, primarily attributable to the aforementioned increase in Fee Revenues,
partially offset by increased direct costs.
55
PART 5
INVESTMENT STRATEGY RESULTS
In each of our product categories, we invest globally in various investment strategies, each benefiting from strong secular
tailwinds that provide an expanding multi-trillion dollar investable universe. Our investment strategies are (a) renewable power
and transition, (b) infrastructure, (c) real estate, (d) private equity, and (e) credit and other.
The following tables summarize Fee-Bearing Capital and Fee Revenues by investment strategy:
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Renewable power and transition ................................................................................................................. $ 53,887 $ 47,218
85,887
Infrastructure ...............................................................................................................................................
103,025
Real estate ...................................................................................................................................................
39,317
Private equity ..............................................................................................................................................
142,416
Credit and other ...........................................................................................................................................
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 456,998 $ 417,863
99,510
100,988
38,849
163,764
2023
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Renewable power and transition ................................................................................................................. $
Infrastructure ...............................................................................................................................................
Real estate ...................................................................................................................................................
Private equity ..............................................................................................................................................
Credit and other ...........................................................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues ................................................................................................................................... $
2023
606 $
1,247
1,000
476
1,052
4,381 $
2022
578
1,067
937
435
1,031
4,048
56
Renewable Power and Transition
Summary of Key Financial and Operating Measures
The following charts provide the Fee-Bearing Capital of our renewable power and transition investment strategy as at December
31, 2023, and 2022, and Fee Revenues for the years then ended.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DEC 31 (BILLIONS)
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC 31 (MILLIONS)
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
The following provides explanations of significant movements in Fee-Bearing Capital for the current period.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $ 31,187 $ 26,708
20,510
Permanent capital vehicles and perpetual strategies ...................................................................................
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 53,887 $ 47,218
22,700
2023
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period .................................................................................................................... $ 47,218 $ 47,525
Inflows .........................................................................................................................................................
6,823
Outflows ......................................................................................................................................................
—
Distributions ................................................................................................................................................
(1,428)
Market valuation .........................................................................................................................................
(5,873)
Other ............................................................................................................................................................
171
Change .........................................................................................................................................................
(307)
Balance, end of period ............................................................................................................................... $ 53,887 $ 47,218
6,848
—
(1,626)
1,757
(310)
6,669
2023
For the year ended December 31, 2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee-Bearing Capital increased by $6.7 billion or 14% to $54 billion. This increase was
driven by inflows attributable to fundraising for the second vintage of our global transition fund, capital deployments across our
fund strategies, as well as BEP's $650 million equity offering in the second quarter of 2023. In addition, the market capitalization
of BEP increased due to an increase in its share price during the year. These increases were partially offset by distributions paid to
BEP’s unitholders and limited partners of our long-term private funds.
57
$54$4720232022$606$57820232022
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Management and advisory fees
Long-term private funds ..............................................................................................................................
Flagship funds .................................................................................................................... $
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Perpetual strategies
BEP1
................................................................................................................................
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Catch-up fees
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Total management and advisory fees ..........................................................................................................
Incentive distributions .................................................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues.................................................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
237 $
23
260
205
10
215
10
9
494
112
606 $
206
19
225
244
—
244
12
2
483
95
578
1.
BEP Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2023 is $22.1 billion (2022 - $20.5 billion)
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Fee Revenues increased by $28 million, or 5% for the year ended December 31, 2023 relative to the year ended December 31,
2022. Fees from our long-term private funds increased $35 million relative to the prior year due to an increase in fees earned on
our first global transition fund, which benefitted from a full year of fee revenues from 2022 fundraising, as well as an increase in
fundraising and capital deployments across our other private funds. Incentive distributions from BEP increased by $17 million,
due to a 5% increase in distributions compared to the prior year. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in perpetual
strategy fees of $29 million predominantly due to lower fees earned from BEP resulting from a decrease in its average market
capitalization relative to the prior year.
58
Infrastructure
Summary of Key Financial and Operating Measures
The following charts provide the Fee-Bearing Capital of our Infrastructure investment strategy as at December 31, 2023, and
2022, and Fee Revenues for the years then ended.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DEC 31 (BILLIONS)
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC 31 (MILLIONS)
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
The following provides explanations of significant movements in Fee-Bearing Capital for the current period.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $ 52,220 $ 44,512
41,375
Permanent capital vehicles and perpetual strategies ...................................................................................
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 99,510 $ 85,887
47,290
2023
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period .................................................................................................................... $ 85,887 $ 67,736
Inflows .........................................................................................................................................................
26,974
Outflows ......................................................................................................................................................
—
Distributions ................................................................................................................................................
(3,794)
Market valuation .........................................................................................................................................
(5,053)
Other ............................................................................................................................................................
24
Change .........................................................................................................................................................
18,151
Balance, end of period ............................................................................................................................... $ 99,510 $ 85,887
For the year ended December 31, 2023
(6)
(3,062)
2,241
391
13,623
14,059
2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee-Bearing Capital increased by $13.6 billion or 16% to $100 billion. This increase
was predominantly due to capital raised for our fifth flagship fund, as well as capital deployed for follow-on investments within
our third flagship fund. Additionally, Fee-Bearing Capital increased as a result of debt issuances from BIP, follow-on investments
within our other perpetual and long-term strategies, and an increase in market valuations as a result of a higher market
capitalization of BIP and other perpetual strategies. These increases were partially offset by distributions paid to limited partners
in our long-term private funds and to BIP and other unitholders across our permanent capital vehicles.
59
$100$8620232022$1,247$1,06720232022
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Management and advisory fees
Long-term private funds ..............................................................................................................................
Flagship funds .................................................................................................................... $
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Perpetual strategies
BIP1
.................................................................................................................................
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Catch-up fees
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Total management and advisory fees ..........................................................................................................
Incentive distributions .................................................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues.................................................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
369 $
54
423
401
96
497
37
24
981
266
1,247 $
279
39
318
421
53
474
2
33
827
240
1,067
1.
BIP Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2023 is $31.2 billion (2022 - $29.2 billion).
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Fee Revenues increased by $180 million or 17% for the year ended December 31, 2023 relative to the year ended December 31,
2022. Fees from our long-term private funds increased by $105 million primarily due to capital raised for our fifth flagship fund.
Fee Revenues from our perpetual strategies increased by $23 million, driven by capital deployed by BSIP, partially offset by
lower fees earned from BIP due to a lower average market capitalization compared to the prior year. Catch-up fees increased by
$35 million due to follow on closes for our fifth flagship fund and incentive distributions increased by $26 million due to an
increase in BIP's quarterly dividend. The increases were partially offset by a decrease of $9 million of transaction and advisory
fees as the prior year benefited from higher fees on co-investment transactions.
60
Real Estate
Summary of Key Financial and Operating Measures
The following charts provide the Fee-Bearing Capital for our Real Estate investment strategy as at December 31, 2023, and 2022,
and Fee Revenues for the years then ended.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DEC 31 (BILLIONS)
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC 31 (MILLIONS)
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
The following provides explanations of significant movements in Fee-Bearing Capital for the current period.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $ 72,037 $ 69,473
33,552
Permanent capital vehicles and perpetual strategies ...................................................................................
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 100,988 $ 103,025
28,951
2023
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period .................................................................................................................... $ 103,025 $ 82,282
Inflows .........................................................................................................................................................
18,850
Outflows ......................................................................................................................................................
(394)
Distributions ................................................................................................................................................
(4,556)
Market valuation .........................................................................................................................................
1,645
Other ............................................................................................................................................................
5,198
Change .........................................................................................................................................................
20,743
Balance, end of period ............................................................................................................................... $ 100,988 $ 103,025
(508)
(5,415)
(3,016)
(5,140)
(2,037)
12,042
2023
For the year ended December 31, 2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee-Bearing Capital decreased by $2.0 billion or 2% to $101 billion, predominantly
due to distributions from our perpetual strategies, flagship and other private funds. Additionally, our long-term private funds Fee-
Bearing Capital decreased due to the change in the fee base of one of our flagship funds from committed capital to invested
capital as a result of the end of its commitment period. Our permanent capital vehicles and perpetual strategies decreased due to a
decline in the market valuation of certain assets. These decreases were partially offset by inflows attributable to fundraising within
our fifth flagship fund, follow-on investments in our third flagship fund, and capital deployed across various other fund strategies.
61
$101$10320232022$1,000$93720232022
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Management and advisory fees
Long-term private funds ..............................................................................................................................
Flagship funds .................................................................................................................... $
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Perpetual strategies
.........................................................................................................................................................
BPG1
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Catch-up fees ...............................................................................................................................................
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Total management and advisory fees ..........................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues.................................................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
395 $
294
689
196
107
303
5
3
1,000
1,000 $
354
217
571
225
107
332
34
—
937
937
1.
BPG Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2023 is $17.9 billion (2022 - $20.8 billion).
For the year ended December 31, 2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee Revenues increased by $63 million or 7% due to the increase in revenues earned
from fundraising for our fifth flagship fund and commitments throughout 2022 to our fourth flagship fund. In addition, fees
increased from capital invested in our residential, U.S., and other fund investments. These increases were partially offset by catch-
up fees recognized on our fourth flagship fund in the prior year and a decrease in fees earned by our perpetual vehicle due to the
decrease in Fee-Bearing Capital of BPG as well as the disposition of investments within earlier vintages of our flagship funds.
62
Private Equity
Summary of Key Financial and Operating Measures
The following charts provide the Fee-Bearing Capital of our Private Equity investment strategy as at December 31, 2023, and
2022, and Fee Revenues for the years then ended.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DEC 31 (BILLIONS)
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC 31 (MILLIONS)
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Permanent Capital Vehicles and Perpetual Strategies
The following provides explanations of significant movements in Fee-Bearing Capital for the current period.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $ 33,249 $ 31,501
7,816
Permanent capital vehicles and perpetual strategies ...................................................................................
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 38,849 $ 39,317
5,600
2023
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period .................................................................................................................... $ 39,317 $ 34,395
Inflows .........................................................................................................................................................
9,135
Outflows ......................................................................................................................................................
—
Distributions ................................................................................................................................................
(810)
Market valuation .........................................................................................................................................
(2,534)
Other ............................................................................................................................................................
(869)
Change .........................................................................................................................................................
4,922
Balance, end of period ............................................................................................................................... $ 38,849 $ 39,317
For the year ended December 31, 2023
4,424
—
(1,200)
(816)
(2,876)
(468)
2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee-Bearing Capital decreased by $468 million or 1% to $39 billion. The expiration of
the management fee period of a mature flagship fund and distributions to our investors was partially offset by inflows of $4.4
billion for our long-term private funds. This was largely driven by capital raised for our sixth flagship private equity fund and
capital deployed across other strategies.
63
$39$3920232022$476$43520232022
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Management and advisory fees
Long-term private funds ..............................................................................................................................
Flagship funds .................................................................................................................... $
Co-investment and other funds ..............................................................................................
Perpetual strategies
BBU1
...............................................................................................................................
Catch-up fees ...............................................................................................................................................
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Total management and advisory fees ..........................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues.................................................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
177 $
185
362
87
87
16
11
476
476 $
137
195
332
94
94
—
9
435
435
1.
BBU Fee-Bearing Capital as at December 31, 2023 was $5.6 billion (2022 - $7.8 billion).
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Fee Revenues increased by $41 million or 9% for the year ended December 31, 2023 relative to the year ended December 31,
2022. This increase was primarily due to capital raised for our sixth flagship fund which experienced a $59 million increase in Fee
Revenues and catch up fees attributable to the timing of fundraising. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in fees
earned within our other funds due to the end of the management fee period for certain earlier vintage funds.
64
Credit and Other
Summary of Key Financial and Operating Measures
The following charts provide the Fee-Bearing Capital of our credit and other investment strategy as at December 31, 2023, and
2022, and Fee Revenues for the years then ended.
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DEC 31 (BILLIONS)
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC 31 (MILLIONS)
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Perpetual Strategies
■ Liquid Strategies
The following provides explanations of significant movements in Fee-Bearing Capital for the current period.
■ Long-term Private Funds
■ Perpetual Strategies
■ Liquid Strategies
Fee-Bearing Capital
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $ 56,795 $ 46,798
32,322
Perpetual strategies ......................................................................................................................................
Liquid strategies ..........................................................................................................................................
63,296
Total Fee-Bearing Capital ........................................................................................................................ $ 163,764 $ 142,416
44,031
62,938
2023
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period .................................................................................................................... $ 142,416 $ 132,195
Inflows .........................................................................................................................................................
45,887
Outflows ......................................................................................................................................................
(21,648)
Distributions ................................................................................................................................................
(1,573)
Market valuation .........................................................................................................................................
(8,432)
Other ............................................................................................................................................................
(4,013)
Change .........................................................................................................................................................
10,221
Balance, end of period ............................................................................................................................... $ 163,764 $ 142,416
35,807
(19,848)
(4,977)
7,906
2,460
21,348
2023
For the year ended December 31, 2023
During the year ended December 31, 2023, Fee-Bearing Capital increased by $21 billion or 15% to $164 billion, due to growth
across all strategies. Our long-term private funds' increase is driven by deployments within our eleventh and twelfth flagship
opportunistic credit funds, and capital deployed in certain of our debt funds. In addition, our perpetual strategies increased
primarily due to capital deployments and acquisitions within our Insurance Solutions business as well as higher market valuations
in our liquid strategy and open-end credit portfolios. This overall increase was partially offset by redemptions adversely impacting
our liquid strategies.
65
$164$14220232022$1,052$1,03120232022
Fee Revenues
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Management and advisory fees
Long-term private funds .............................................................................................................................. $
Perpetual strategies ...............................................................................................................
Liquid strategies1
..................................................................................................................
Transaction and advisory fees .....................................................................................................................
Total Fee Revenues.................................................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
570 $
252
230
—
1,052 $
529
191
262
49
1,031
1.
Represents open-end funds within our credit strategies, and Oaktree's investment in a fixed income manager, as well as in publicly listed securities.
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Fee Revenues increased by $21 million or 2% for the year ended December 31, 2023 relative to the year ended December 31,
2022. The increase was predominately attributable to incremental fees earned on our long-term private funds and perpetual
strategies. Fees from our long-term private funds increased due to deployments across our credit flagship and other debt funds. In
addition, fees from perpetual strategies increased by $61 million as a result of higher Fee-Bearing Capital driven by valuation
increases and capital deployed across these strategies. These increases were partially offset by a $32 million decrease in our liquid
strategies due to redemptions.
66
PART 6
RECONCILIATION OF U.S. GAAP TO NON-GAAP MEASURES
Reconciliations of Distributable Earnings, Fee-Related Earnings and Fee Revenues to the most directly comparable financial
measures calculated and presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP are presented below. In addition to net income and revenue,
management assesses the performance of its business based on these non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial
measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, net income or other financial measures
presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP.
Reconciliation of Net Income to Fee-Related Earnings and Distributable Earnings
The following presents a reconciliation of net income to Fee-Related Earnings and Distributable Earnings for the year presented
for the asset management business.
$
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Net Income
Add or subtract the following: ....................................................................................................................
Provision for taxes(a)
.................................................................................................................................
Depreciation, amortization and other(b)
.....................................................................................................
Carried interest allocations(c)
....................................................................................................................
Carried interest allocation compensation(c)
...............................................................................................
Other income and expenses(d)
...................................................................................................................
Interest expense paid to related parties(e)
..................................................................................................
Interest and dividend revenue(e)
................................................................................................................
Other revenues(f)........................................................................................................................................
Share of income from equity accounted investments(g)
............................................................................
Fee-related earnings of partly owned subsidiaries at our share(h)
.............................................................
Compensation costs recovered from affiliates(j)
.......................................................................................
Non-recurring restructuring costs(i)
...........................................................................................................
Fee Revenues from BSREP III & other(j)
.................................................................................................
Fee-Related Earnings ............................................................................................................................... $
Cash taxes(k)
Equity-based compensation expense and other(l)
Distributable Earnings
..............................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................
$
2023
2,137 $
2022
2,865
417
14
(399)
86
129
14
(172)
(300)
(167)
271
156
35
20
2,241 $
(196)
199
2,244 $
627
13
(490)
200
(1,090)
154
(258)
(44)
(146)
252
—
—
25
2,108
(98)
86
2,096
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
This adjustment removes the impact of income tax provisions (benefit) on the basis that we do not believe this item reflects the present value of the actual tax obligations that we
expect to incur over the long-term due to the substantial deferred tax assets of our asset management business.
This adjustment removes the depreciation and amortization on property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, which are non-cash in nature and therefore excluded from Fee-
Related Earnings.
These adjustments remove the impact of both unrealized and realized carried interest allocations and the associated compensation expense. Unrealized carried interest allocations
and associated compensation expense are non-cash in nature. Carried interest allocations and associated compensation costs are included in Distributable Earnings once realized.
This adjustment removes other income and expenses associated with non-cash fair value changes
This adjustment removes interest and charges paid or received from related party loans.
This adjustment adds back other revenues earned that are non-cash in nature.
These adjustments remove our share of partly owned subsidiaries’ earnings, including items (a) to (e) above and include its share of partly owned subsidiaries’ Fee-Related
Earnings.
This item adds back compensation costs that will be borne by affiliates and are non-cash in nature.
This item represents non-recurring restructuring costs that are not considered as part of the ongoing asset management business.
This adjustment adds base management fees earned from funds that are eliminated upon consolidation and other items.
Represents the impact of cash taxes paid by the business.
This adjustment adds back equity-based compensation and other income associated with the Company's portion of partly owned subsidiaries’ investment income, realized carried
interest and other income.
67
Reconciliation of Revenues to Fee Revenues
The following presents our reconciliation of management fee revenues to Fee Revenues for the years presented.
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Total management fee revenues
Fee Revenues from equity-accounted investments (a)
BSREP III Fees & other(b)
Fee Revenues ............................................................................................................................................ $
...............................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
$
2023
3,142 $
1,240
(1)
4,381 $
2022
2,835
1,165
48
4,048
(a)
(b)
This adjustment adds management fees at 100% ownership.
This adjustment involves base management fees earned from BSREP III and other funds that are eliminated upon consolidation as prior to the Arrangement we consolidated both
the entities which earned these base management fees and BSREP III in the combined financial statements.
68
PART 7
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Liquidity
The Manager undertakes limited activities, primarily receiving dividends from our asset management business as its main source
of income and, in turn, making distributions to shareholders in accordance with its dividend policy. It employs a limited number
of resources who provide services to our asset management business and for whom associated costs are largely reimbursed.
Additional liquidity is available through a credit facility that is provided by our asset management business.
Manager Credit Facility with the Asset Management Business
On November 8, 2022, the Asset Management Company, as lender, established a five-year revolving credit facility with the
Manager for the amount of $500 million. This is available in U.S. and Canadian dollars, where U.S. dollar borrowings are subject
to the U.S. Base Rate or SOFR plus a margin of 165 basis points, and Canadian Dollar borrowings are subject to the Canadian
Prime Rate or Canadian dollar bankers' acceptance rate (“CDOR”) plus a margin of 165 basis points. As at December 31, 2023,
the Manager has drawn $256 million from this credit facility.
Our Asset Management Business Liquidity
Our asset management business maintains sufficient liquidity at all times enabling it to participate in opportunities as they arise,
withstand sudden adverse changes in economic conditions, and sustain distributions to the Manager and the Corporation. Its
primary sources of liquidity, which we refer to as core liquidity, consists of cash and financial assets, as well as the undrawn
credit facility with the Corporation.
As at December 31, 2023, core liquidity for our asset management business is $2.8 billion, consisting of $2.7 billion of cash and
financial assets, of which $2.5 billion was on deposit with the Corporation. Additionally, the asset management business has a
$300 million revolving credit facility established on November 8, 2022, with the Corporation as lender. The facility is available in
U.S. and Canadian dollars, where U.S. dollar borrowings are subject to the U.S. Base Rate or SOFR plus a margin of 165 basis
points, while Canadian Dollar borrowings are subject to the Canadian Prime Rate or CDOR plus a margin of 165 basis points.
This liquidity is readily available for use without any material tax consequences and can be deployed to support our asset
management business in funding strategic transactions as well as seeding new investment products. As at December 31, 2023 the
Asset Management Company has drawn $197 million from this credit facility.
The following table presents deployable capital of our asset management business:
Company
Group(a)
AS AT
(MILLIONS)
Cash and financial assets ........................................................ $
Undrawn committed credit facility ........................................
Core liquidity ........................................................................
Uncalled private fund commitments ......................................
Total deployable capital ....................................................... $
December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31,
2022
29,809
5,438
35,247
87,364
122,611
2023
29,042 $
5,764
34,806
85,658
120,464 $
2022
3,545 $
300
3,845
—
3,845 $
2023
2,667 $
103
2,770
—
2,770 $
(a) Group deployable capital consists of: (1) core liquidity (cash, financial assets, and undrawn credit facilities) of the Company and the perpetual affiliates, and (2) uncalled private fund
commitments, which are third-party commitments available for drawdown in the private funds of our asset management business.
69
Uncalled Fund Commitments
The following presents our Uncalled Fund Commitments as of December 31, 2023 by period and December 31, 2022:
AS AT DECEMBER 31
(MILLIONS)
Renewable power and transition ............................... $
Infrastructure .............................................................
Real estate .................................................................
Private equity ............................................................
Credit and other ........................................................
$
2024
64 $
44
793
66
1,129
2,096 $
2025
117 $
192
778
425
341
1,853 $
2026
2027 +
Total
2023 Dec. 2022
— $ 16,948 $ 17,129 $ 14,835
21,981
—
21,895
3,150
11,003
—
17,650
621
3,771 $ 77,938 $ 85,658 $ 87,364
14,264
22,507
8,788
22,970
14,028
17,786
8,297
20,879
Approximately $47 billion of the Uncalled Fund Commitments are currently not earning fees, but will become fee-bearing once
the capital is invested. Once invested, these commitments will earn approximately $470 million of additional Fee Revenues.
Manager Dividends
The dividends paid by the Manager on outstanding securities for the years 2023 and 2022 are summarized in the table below. No
dividend was paid for 2021 as the Manager was formed per the Arrangement in 2022.
Per Class A Share and Class B Share ........................................................................................................ $
Distribution per Security
2022
—
2023
1.28 $
Capital Resources
Clawback Obligations
Performance allocations are subject to clawback to the extent that the performance allocations received to date with respect to a
fund exceed the amount due to our asset management business based on cumulative results of that fund. The amounts and nature
of our clawback obligations are described in Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated and
Combined Financial Statements of the Asset Management Company as at December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 and for the
years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Capital Requirements
Certain U.S. and non-U.S. entities of the Manager are subject to various investment advisor and other financial regulatory rules
and requirements that may include minimum net capital requirements. These requirements have been met for the year ended
December 31, 2023.
70
Contractual Obligations
On January 31, 2019, a subsidiary of the Company committed $2.8 billion to BSREP III, of which $2.1 billion has been funded as
at December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 – $1.8 billion). The remainder of the commitment will be funded by the Corporation.
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contractual obligations which include commitments to provide bridge
financing and other equity commitments. As at December 31, 2023, the Company had $2.1 billion of such commitments
outstanding.
The following table presents the contractual obligations of the Manager and asset management business by payment periods:
AS AT DEC. 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Payments Due by Period of the Manager
Less than
1 Year
1 – 3
Years
4 – 5
Years
After 5
Years
Total
Accounts payable and other ........................................................ $
Due to affiliates ...........................................................................
128 $
6
134 $
—
66 $
255
531 $
—
859
261
AS AT DEC. 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Payments Due by Period of the Company
Less than
1 Year
1 – 3
Years
4 – 5
Years
After 5
Years
Total
Accounts payable and other ........................................................ $
Due to affiliates ...........................................................................
Lease obligations .........................................................................
1,063 $
578
9
184 $
46
18
81 $
221
14
410 $
141
20
1,738
986
61
Accounts payable and other of the Manager represent amounts owing to employees for carried interest compensation and share
based compensation, both of which have vesting periods of up to 5 years. Due to affiliates of the Manager represents amount due
to the asset management business associated with the revolving credit facility established with the company. This revolving credit
facility is due on demand.
Accounts payable and other of the company represents amounts due to employees for equity based compensations costs and
carried interest compensation costs. Most awards have a vesting period of up to 5 years. Due to affiliates represents amounts owed
to related parties associated with equity and liability based compensation as well as carried interest compensation. Additionally
due to affiliates includes amounts owing with the corporation on the revolving credit facility which has no fixed period of
repayment. Lease obligations represents expected payments associated with current leases entered into by the company.
Exposures to Financial Instruments
As discussed elsewhere in this MD&A, we utilize various financial instruments in our business to manage risk and make better
use of our capital. The fair values of these instruments that are reflected on our balance sheets are disclosed in Note 5 "Fair Value
Measurements of Financial Instruments" to our Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the Asset Management
Company as at and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Manager may from time to time enter into guarantees given in respect of co-investments in which there is carried interest.
The amount guaranteed is up to the carry amount paid to the General Partner, net of taxes. No known amounts are currently due or
owed under these guarantees.
Related Party Transactions
The Manager and our asset management business entered into a number of related party transactions with the Corporation and
other affiliates. See Note 15 "Related Party Transactions" of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements of the Asset
Management Company as at and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and Note 7 "Related Party
Transactions" of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager.
71
Recent Developments
On July 5, 2023, Brookfield Reinsurance ("BNRE") and American Equity Investment Life Holding Company (“AEL”) entered
into a merger agreement whereby BNRE will acquire all of the outstanding common stock of AEL it does not already own. As
part of the agreement, each AEL shareholder will receive $55.00 per AEL share, consisting of $38.85 in cash and 0.49707 of a
Class A Share of the Manager, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.
BNRE, the Corporation and the Manager entered into a share purchase agreement in connection with the transaction pursuant to
which the Corporation will facilitate the delivery of Class A Shares of the Manager offered as consideration under the merger
agreement.
Subject to this occurring, the Manager’s public float will increase by approximately 10% and the Manager’s interest in the Asset
Management Company will increase from 25% to approximately 27%. The impact of this transaction will not be dilutive to the
shareholders of the Manager. The Manager will not have any ownership interest in AEL following the completion of the
transaction.
72
PART 8
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgements of the Manager
The Manager prepares consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of the consolidated
financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates that affect the amounts reported.
Management believes that estimates utilized in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are presented fairly, in all
material respects. Such estimates include those used in the valuation of investments and the measurement of deferred tax balances
(including valuation allowances) and the determination of control or significant influence. Actual results could differ from those
estimates and such differences could be material. The Manager believes the following critical accounting policies could
potentially produce materially different results of the Manager, if underlying assumptions, estimates and/or judgments were to be
changed. For a full description of accounting policies, see Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager as at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and for the year ended
December 31, 2023 and period from July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022.
For further reference on accounting policies, including new and revised standards see our accounting policies contained in Note 2
of the 2023 consolidated financial statements.
Consolidation
The Manager consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest and all variable interest entities (“VIE”)
for which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it holds a controlling
financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly
impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from
the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Manager determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE
at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and upon events warranting reconsideration. In determining whether the Manager is
the primary beneficiary, the company evaluates its control rights as well as economic interests in the entity held either directly or
indirectly by the company. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily
apparent that the company is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and
redemptions (either by the Manager, affiliates of the company or third parties) and amendments to governing documents could
affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. As at December 31, 2023, the Manager is not the
primary beneficiary of any VIE.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
Equity Method Investments
Investments in which the Manager is deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, are accounted for using the equity
method of accounting. The Manager has significant influence over the Asset Management Company and therefore accounts for its
investment under the equity method.
The carrying value of equity method investments is determined based on amounts invested by the company, adjusted for the
equity in earnings or losses of the investee allocated based on the relevant agreements, less distributions received. Further, the
carrying value of the equity method investment is adjusted as a result of any share-based awards granted by the Manager to
employees of the Asset Management Company. Under the equity method of accounting, the Manager's share of earnings from
equity investments is included in the Share of income from equity investments in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive
Income. The Manager evaluates its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances
indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may not be recoverable.
Refer to Note 3 "Investments" of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager for further details of the Manager's equity
method investments.
Estimates and Judgements of the Manager
Management is required to make critical judgements and estimates when applying its accounting policies. The following
judgements and estimates have the most significant effect on the consolidated financial statements.
73
Control or Level of Influence
When determining the appropriate basis of accounting for the Manager's and the asset management business’s investees, the
company makes judgments about the degree of influence that it exerts directly or through an arrangement over the investees’
relevant activities. This may include the ability to elect investee directors or appoint management. Control is obtained when the
company has the power to direct the relevant investing, financing and operating decisions of an entity and does so in its capacity
as principal of the operations, rather than as an agent for other investors. Operating as a principal includes having sufficient
capital at risk in any investee and exposure to the variability of the returns generated as a result of the decisions of the company as
principal. Judgment is used in determining the sufficiency of the capital at risk or variability of returns. In making these
judgments, the company considers the ability of other investors to remove the company as a manager or general partner in a
controlled partnership.
Indicators of Impairment
Judgment is applied when determining whether indicators of impairment exist when assessing the carrying values of the
company’s assets, including: the determination of the company’s ability to hold financial assets; the determination of discount and
capitalization rates; and when an asset’s carrying value is above the value derived using publicly traded prices which are quoted in
a liquid market.
Income Taxes
The company makes judgments when determining the future tax rates applicable and identifying the temporary differences.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply during the period when the assets
are realized or the liabilities settled, using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the consolidated balance sheet
dates.
Carried Interest allocations - Unrealized
The change in the fair value of investments is a significant input into carried interest allocations - unrealized. Estimates and
assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. See “— Fair Value” below
for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying
investments.
Fair Value
The asset management business uses fair value throughout the reporting process. For details of our accounting policies related to
fair value refer to Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Fair Value of Financial Instruments” and “Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies — Revenue Recognition” in the “Notes to Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements”.
The following discussion is intended to provide supplemental information about how the application of fair value principles
impact our financial results, and management’s process for implementing those principles including areas of significant judgment.
The fair value of the investments held by the asset management business's funds is the primary input to the calculation of certain
of our management fees, incentive fees, performance fees and the related compensation we recognize. In the absence of
observable market prices, we utilize valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis and assumptions that we believe
market participants would use to determine the fair value of the investments. For investments where little market activity exists
management’s determination of fair value is based on the best information available in the circumstances, which may incorporate
management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, and the consideration of a combination of internal
and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks.
Assessments and Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management has evaluated the effectiveness of the Manager’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the
applicable U.S. and Canadian securities laws) as of December 31, 2023 and based on that assessment concluded that, as of
December 31, 2023, our internal control over financial reporting was effective. Refer to Management’s Report on Internal Control
Over Financial Reporting. There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter or year
ended December 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Manager's
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the applicable U.S. and Canadian securities laws) as of December 31, 2023.
Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that such disclosure controls and
procedures were effective as of December 31, 2023.
74
PART 9
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND RISK DISCLOSURES
Market Risk
The primary market risk exposure of our asset management business relates to its role as an asset manager of the publicly listed
permanent capital vehicles and the sensitivity of base management fees earned from these affiliates due to movements in their
underlying trading price. Specifically, with respect to the market risk related to base management fees earned based on the market
capitalization of BEP, BIP and BBU.
The table below outlines the impact to base management and advisory fee revenues if there was a 10% decline in the market
capitalization of the aforementioned permanent capital vehicles:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
BEP ................................................................................................................................................ $
BIP .................................................................................................................................................
BBU ...............................................................................................................................................
Revenues ........................................................................................................................................ $
2023
22 $
32
4
58 $
2022
19
33
7
59
Foreign Currency Risk
We have very limited exposure to foreign currency risk as a majority of our private funds are denominated in USD. This means
that a majority of the base management fees and carried interest that we earn are paid in USD, irrespective of the local currency of
our underlying investment base.
Interest Rate Risk
The Manager has interest rate exposure through balances held with affiliates and does not hold debt or term deposits with third
parties. The Manager incurs interest expense on its revolving credit facility borrowings with the Asset Management Company.
Interest expense on this balance is at a variable rate of interest. In fiscal 2023, a 50 basis-point increase (decrease) in interest rates,
with all other variables held constant, would have resulted in an approximate increase (decrease) of $0.7 million in interest
expense. A 50 basis-point increase (decrease) in interest rates would result in an approximate increase (decrease) of $1.3 million
in interest expense assuming December 31, 2023 year end balances remain constant throughout 2024.
The Asset Management Company has interest rate exposure through balances held with affiliates and does not hold debt or term
deposits with third parties. BAM ULC earns interest income on its deposit balance with the Corporation and as the lender on the
revolving credit facility it extends to the Manager. The Asset Management Company incurs interest expense on its revolving
credit facility borrowings with the Corporation. Interest income and expenses on these balances are at variable rates of interest. In
fiscal 2023, a 50 basis-point increase (decrease) in interest rates, with all other variables held constant, would have resulted in an
approximate increase (decrease) of $13.6 million in net interest income. A 50 basis-point increase (decrease) in interest rates
would result in an approximate increase (decrease) of $12.6 million in net interest income assuming December 31, 2023 year end
balances remain constant throughout 2024.
Credit Risk
Investors in our private funds make capital commitments to these vehicles via subscription agreements. When a private fund
makes an investment, these capital commitments are then satisfied by our investors via capital contributions as prescribed under
these subscription agreements. Investors in our private funds may default on their capital commitment obligations, which could
have an adverse impact on our earnings or result in other negative implications to our businesses such as the requirement to
deploy our own capital to cover such obligations. This impact would be magnified if the investor that does so is in multiple funds.
Given the diversity and creditworthiness of our over 2,300 clients, including some of the world’s largest institutional investors,
sovereign wealth funds and pension plans, we are of the view that there is not a material credit risk present in our asset
management business.
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Risks Relating to the Manager
You should carefully consider the following factors in addition to other information set forth in this Annual Report. If any of the
following risks were actually to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations and the prospects and value of
the Class A Shares would likely suffer.
The material assets of the Manager consist solely of its approximate 25% interest in the common shares of the Asset
Management Company.
The material assets of the Manager consist solely of its approximate 25% interest in the common shares of the Asset Management
Company. While the Manager has the right to nominate one-half of the board of the Asset Management Company, the
Corporation holds the remaining approximate 75% interest in the common shares of the Asset Management Company and has the
right to nominate the other one-half of the board of the Asset Management Company. Therefore, the Manager relies on the
cooperation of the Corporation to make decisions regarding our asset management business. If the interests of the Manager and
the Corporation differ with respect to our asset management business, the Manager may not be able to implement policies at our
asset management business that it determines are desirable.
For example, while the Manager intends to pay regular dividends to shareholders, the Manager has no independent means of
generating revenue. The Manager depends on distributions and other payments from our asset management business to provide it
with the funds necessary to meet its financial obligations, as well as pay dividends to shareholders. The Manager intends to pay
dividends to shareholders on a quarterly basis equal to approximately 90% of its Distributable Earnings in the preceding quarter
and our asset management business intends to pay dividends to the Manager and the Corporation on a quarterly basis sufficient to
ensure that the Manager can pay its intended dividend. Dividends will be variable and will change in line with the growth of
Distributable Earnings. The declaration and payment of any dividends will be at the discretion of the Board (and the board of the
Asset Management Company), and may change at any time, including, without limitation, to reduce such quarterly dividends or to
eliminate such dividends entirely.
Our asset management business and our managed assets are legally distinct from the Manager and some of them are or may
become restricted in their ability to pay dividends and distributions or otherwise make funds available to the Manager pursuant to
local law, regulatory requirements and their contractual agreements, including agreements governing their financing
arrangements. Our asset management business and our managed assets will generally be required to service their debt and other
obligations before making distributions to the Manager.
The trading price of the Class A Shares is subject to volatility due to market conditions and other factors and cannot be
predicted.
The market price of our Class A Shares may be volatile and could fluctuate significantly in response to factors both related and
unrelated to our operating performance and/or future prospects, including, but not limited to: (i) variations in our operating results
and financial condition; (ii) actual or prospective changes in government laws, rules or regulations affecting our business and our
managed assets; (iii) material announcements by us, our affiliates or our competitors; (iv) the general state of the securities
markets; (v) market conditions and events specific to the industries in which we and our managed assets operate; (vi) changes and
developments in general economic, political, or social conditions, including as a result of pandemics/epidemics and related
economic disruptions; (vii) changes in the values of our investments and distributions or changes in the amount of interest paid in
respect of investments; (viii) differences between our actual financial results and those expected by investors and analysts; (ix)
changes in analysts’ recommendations or earnings projections; (x) the depth and liquidity of the market for the Class A Shares;
(xi) dilution from the issuance of additional equity; (xii) investor perception of our business, our managed assets and the sectors in
which we deploy the funds from our strategies; (xiii) investment restrictions; (xiv) our dividend policy; (xv) the departure of key
executives; (xvi) sales of Class A Shares by senior management or significant shareholders; and (xvii) the materialization of other
risks.
The Corporation’s actions could adversely affect our business and financial condition.
The Corporation is a significant investor in our asset management business and we rely on the Corporation for many aspects of
our business. In addition, the Corporation has the right (but not the obligation) to participate up to 25% (net of any participation of
our asset management business) in each new sponsored fund of our asset management business. This participation includes any
participation by the Corporation’s perpetual affiliates and Brookfield Reinsurance, but they are also not obligated to invest capital
in our funds. Any fees to be paid to our asset management business on the Corporation’s managed capital must be agreed to by
the Corporation, in its sole discretion. It is expected that most of the Corporation’s capital will continue to be provided by the
perpetual affiliates, for whom existing fee arrangements will continue to apply. For greater certainty, for any new capital, the
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Corporation has a right to determine that no fees will apply. If the Corporation does not commit all the capital it is entitled to
provide, or does not agree for its capital to be fee-bearing, we may have difficultly growing our managed capital or our revenues.
In addition, the Corporation has substantial influence on our asset management business through its approximate 75% interest in
the common shares of the Asset Management Company. While the Manager has the right to nominate one-half of the board of the
Asset Management Company, the Corporation holds the remaining approximate 75% interest in the common shares of the Asset
Management Company and has the right to nominate the other one-half of the board of the Asset Management Company. If the
interests of the Manager and the Corporation differ with respect to our asset management business, the Manager may not be able
to implement policies at our asset management business that it determines are desirable. There is no formal dispute resolution
mechanism in the Voting Agreement relating to the voting of shares of our asset management business, and, if we are unable to
agree, we may be prevented from achieving our objectives, including our financial objectives.
In addition, a significant portion of our Fee-Bearing Capital is represented by the capital of the perpetual affiliates, which are
controlled by the Corporation. The Corporation will therefore exercise significant influence over their operation, including
(among other things) distribution policies that enable us to earn incentive distributions.
The Corporation has no obligation to provide backstops or other guarantees relating to new investments or acquisitions, or to
commit capital on a transitional basis while other investors are being sourced, but any arrangements or understandings existing at
the time of completion of the Arrangement will be continued. Moreover, if the Corporation does make transitory investments it
will generally be entitled to receive the same cost of carry for such investment as the relevant fund of our asset management
business is entitled to under its fund documents (typically 8%) as well as stand-by / commitment fees at market rates and such
other compensation as otherwise may be mutually agreed. It is possible that our ability to deploy capital may be adversely
affected by not having the Corporation’s backstops or other guarantees, or we may be required to deploy our own capital, or to
pay for other sources of capital.
We depend on our global reputation for integrity and investment acumen. Our business could be negatively impacted by changes
in the Corporation’s global reputation. In addition, other than as described in this Annual Report, the Corporation is not
committed to an exclusive relationship with us, and we may compete with the Corporation (except for capital represented by the
perpetual affiliates, which is exclusive) or compete with other asset managers for the Corporation’s capital.
The Manager is a newly formed company and has a limited operating history as an independent public company and the
historical financial information included herein may not reflect the financial condition or operating results we would have
achieved during the periods presented, and therefore may not be a reliable indicator of our future financial performance.
The Manager was formed on July 4, 2022 and has a limited operating history as an independent public company and the historical
financial information included herein may not reflect the financial condition or operating results we would have achieved during
the periods presented in this Annual Report and therefore, may not be a reliable indicator of our or our asset management
business’ future financial performance. Our limited operating history will make it difficult to assess our ability to operate
profitably and make distributions to shareholders. Although our business has been under the Corporation’s control prior to the
formation of the Manager, its results have not previously been reported on a stand-alone basis and, therefore, may not be
indicative of our future financial condition or operating results. We urge you to carefully consider the basis on which the historical
financial information included herein was prepared and presented.
Deficiencies in our public company financial reporting and disclosures could adversely impact our reputation.
As we expand the size and scope of our business, there is a greater susceptibility that our financial reporting and other public
disclosure documents may contain material misstatements and that the controls we maintain to attempt to ensure the complete
accuracy of our public disclosures may fail to operate as intended. The occurrence of such events could adversely impact our
reputation and financial condition. In addition, we disclose certain metrics that do not have standardized meaning, are based on
our own methodologies and assumptions and may not properly convey the information they purport to reflect.
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting to give our
stakeholders assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in conformity with U.S. GAAP. However, the process for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over
financial reporting has inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error. In addition, we may exclude recently
acquired companies from our evaluation of internal controls.
Our internal controls over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements in our financial disclosures on a timely
basis, or at all. Some of these processes may be new for certain subsidiaries in our structure, and in the case of acquisitions, may
take time to be fully implemented.
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Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in
reports filed or submitted under Canadian and U.S. securities laws is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the
time periods specified. Our policies and procedures governing disclosures may not ensure that all material information regarding
us is disclosed in a proper and timely fashion, or that we will be successful in preventing the disclosure of material information to
a single person or a limited group of people before such information is generally disseminated.
The Manager uses the equity method of accounting for its interest in our asset management business, and our asset management
business’ results will not be consolidated into our financial statements, and therefore the recording of our asset management
business’ transactions into its accounts is not part of the Manager’s internal control structure. The Manager expects to provide
Asset Management Company stand-alone financial statements. However, our asset management business will not be
independently required to meet Sarbanes-Oxley requirements and the Manager will not have the same control and certification
processes with respect to the information on our asset management business that it would have if it were a wholly-owned
subsidiary of the Manager.
If the Manager or our auditors were to conclude that our internal controls over financial reporting were not effective in respect of
any reporting period, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information and the price of our Class A Shares
could decline. Our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our business,
our ability to access capital markets and our reputation. In addition, material weaknesses in our internal controls could require
significant expense and management time to remediate.
We may be liable for the debts and liabilities of our asset management business.
The Asset Management Company is an unlimited liability company formed under the laws of British Columbia, and certain of its
subsidiaries are also unlimited liability companies. As a result, the Manager and the Corporation will be jointly and severally
liable to contribute to the assets of our asset management business for the payment of its debts and liabilities on a liquidation or a
dissolution. If the Manager has assets other than its interest in our asset management business, and if the assets of our asset
management business are not sufficient to cover its debts and liabilities (including those arising as a result of its obligations
towards its unlimited liability company subsidiaries), then the Manager’s assets may be required to be contributed to the Asset
Management Company, potentially to a degree that exceeds its approximate 25% interest, further reducing the assets of the
Manager available to its shareholders.
Our organizational and ownership structure may create conflicts of interest that may be resolved in a manner that is not in our
best interests or the best interests of our shareholders.
Our organizational and ownership structure involves a number of relationships that may give rise to conflicts of interest between
us and our shareholders, on the one hand, and the Corporation, on the other hand. For example, except to a limited extent, the
Corporation is not committed to an exclusive relationship with us, and we may compete with the Corporation (except for capital
represented by the perpetual affiliates, which is exclusive) or may compete with other asset managers for the Corporation’s
capital.
Many of our executives and employees have a material portion of their equity compensation awards that are tied to the
performance of the shares of the Corporation. If the market value of the Manager’s shares and the Corporation’s shares are not
fully aligned, the existence of these awards may result in our executives and employees being less focused on the Manager’s
financial success.
Canadian and U.S. investors may find it difficult or impossible to effect service of process and enforce judgments against us,
our directors and our executive officers.
Certain directors of the Manager reside outside of Canada. Consequently, it may not be possible for Canadian investors to enforce
judgments obtained in Canada against any person who resides outside of Canada, even if the party has appointed an agent for
service of process. Furthermore, it may be difficult to realize upon or enforce in Canada any judgment of a court of Canada
against the directors of the Manager who reside outside of Canada since a substantial portion of the assets of such person may be
located outside of Canada.
Similarly, the Manager is a company incorporated under the laws of British Columbia, Canada, most of its officers and directors
are not residents of the United States, and a substantial portion of the assets of the Manager and said persons are located outside
the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for U.S. investors to: (i) effect service of process within the United States upon
the Manager or those directors and officers who are not residents of the United States; or (ii) realize in the United States upon
judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws.
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Risks Relating to our Business
Growth in Fee-Bearing Capital could be adversely impacted by poor product development or marketing efforts. In addition,
investment returns could be lower than target returns due to inappropriate allocation of capital or ineffective investment
management.
Our business depends on our ability to fundraise third-party capital, deploy that capital effectively and produce targeted
investment returns.
Our ability to raise third-party capital depends on a number of factors, including many that are outside our control such as the
general economic environment and market conditions (including the performance of the stock market), investment rules or
policies to which third party investors are subject, and the number of other investment funds being raised at the same time by our
competitors. Investors may reduce (or even eliminate) their investment allocations to alternative investments, including closed-
ended private funds. Investors that are required to maintain specific asset class allocations within their portfolio may be required
to reduce their investment allocations to alternative investments, particularly during periods when other asset classes, such as
public securities, are decreasing in value. In addition, investors may prefer to insource and make direct investments; therefore,
becoming competitors and ceasing to be clients and/or make new capital commitments.
Competition from other asset managers for raising public and private capital is intense, with competition based on a variety of
factors, including investment performance, the quality of service provided to investors, the quality and availability of investment
products, marketing efforts, investor liquidity and willingness to invest, and reputation. Poor investment performance could
hamper our ability to compete for these sources of capital or force us to reduce our management fees. Our investors and potential
investors continually assess investment performance and our ability to raise capital for existing and future funds depends on our
funds’ relative and absolute performance. If poor investment returns or changes in investment mandates prevent us from raising
further capital from our existing partners, we may need to identify and attract new investors in order to maintain or increase the
size of our private funds, and there are no assurances that we will be able to find new investors. Further, as competition and
disintermediation in the asset management industry increase, we may face pressure to reduce or modify our asset management
fees, including base management fees and/or carried interest, or modify other terms governing our current asset management fee
structure, in order to attract and retain investors.
The successful execution of our investing strategy is uncertain as it requires suitable opportunities, careful timing and business
judgment, as well as the resources to complete asset purchases and restructure them, if required, notwithstanding difficulties
experienced in a particular industry.
There is no certainty that we will be able to identify suitable or sufficient opportunities that meet our investment criteria and be
able to acquire additional high-quality assets at attractive prices to supplement our growth in a timely manner, or at all. In
pursuing investment opportunities and returns, we and our managed assets face competition from other investment managers and
investors worldwide. Each of our strategies is subject to competition in varying degrees and our competitors may have certain
competitive advantages over us when pursuing investment opportunities. Some of our competitors may have higher risk
tolerances, different risk assessments, lower return thresholds, a lower cost of capital, or a lower effective tax rate (or no tax rate
at all), all of which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and to bid more aggressively than us for
investments. We may lose investment opportunities in the future if we do not match investment prices, structures and terms
offered by our competitors, some of whom may have synergistic businesses which allow them to consider bidding a higher price
than we can reasonably offer. While we will continue to attempt to deal with competitive pressures by leveraging our asset
management strengths and the operating capabilities of the Corporation and compete on more than just price, there is no guarantee
these measures will be successful, and we may have difficulty competing for investment opportunities, particularly those offered
through auction or other competitive processes. If we are unable to successfully raise, retain and deploy third-party capital into
investments, or make acquisitions which yield attractive returns, we may be unable to collect management fees, carried interest or
transaction fees, which would materially reduce our revenue and cash flows and adversely affect our financial condition.
Our approach to investing may entail adding assets to our existing managed assets through tuck-in acquisitions when the
competition for assets is weakest; typically, when depressed economic conditions exist in the market relating to a particular entity
or industry. Such an investing style carries with it inherent risks when investments are made in either markets or industries that
are undergoing some form of dislocation. We may fail to value opportunities accurately or to consider all relevant factors that may
be necessary or helpful in evaluating an opportunity, may underestimate the costs necessary to bring an acquisition up to
standards established for its intended market position, may be exposed to unexpected risks and costs associated with these
investments, including risks arising from alternative technologies that could impair or eliminate the competitive advantage of our
managed assets in a particular industry, and/or may be unable to quickly and effectively integrate new acquisitions into existing
operations or exit from the investment on favorable terms. In addition, liabilities may exist that we or our managed assets do not
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discover in due diligence prior to the consummation of an acquisition, or circumstances may exist with respect to the entities or
assets acquired that could lead to future liabilities and, in each case, we or our managed assets may not be entitled to sufficient, or
any, recourse against the contractual counterparties to an acquisition.
Our credit strategies, the majority of which are managed through Oaktree, offer a broad diverse range of long-term and perpetual
strategies to our investors. Similar to our other long-term private funds, we earn base management fees and carried interest on
fund capital in our credit strategies. Cyclicality is important to credit strategies and weak economic environments have tended to
afford the best investment opportunities and best relative investment performance to such strategies. Any prolonged economic
expansion or recession could have an adverse impact on certain credit strategies and materially affect the ability to deliver
superior investment returns for clients or generate incentive or other income in respect of those strategies.
We generally pursue investment opportunities that involve business, regulatory, legal and other complexities. Our tolerance for
complexity presents risks, as completing complex transactions on behalf of our managed assets can be more difficult, expensive
and time-consuming to finance and execute, and have a higher risk of execution failure. It can also be more difficult to manage or
realize value from the assets acquired in such transactions and such transactions sometimes entail a higher level of regulatory
scrutiny or a greater risk of contingent liabilities.
At times, we make investments (for one or more of our funds or managed assets) in companies that we do not control. These
investments are subject to the risk that the company in which the investment is made may make business, financial or
management decisions with which we do not agree or that the majority stakeholders or the management of the company may take
risks or otherwise act in a manner that does not serve our interests.
Certain strategies may be concentrated in particular asset types or geographic regions, which could exacerbate any negative
performance of one or more of our managed assets to the extent those concentrated investments are in assets or regions that
experience market dislocation. In addition, certain of our funds hold publicly traded securities, the price of which will be volatile
and are likely to fluctuate due to a number of factors beyond our control, including actual or anticipated changes in the
profitability of the issuers of such securities; general economic, social, or political developments; changes in industry conditions;
changes in governance regulation; inflation; the general state of the securities markets; pandemics/epidemics; and other material
events.
The failure of a newly acquired business to perform according to expectations could have a material adverse effect on our assets,
liabilities, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Alternatively, we may be required to sell a business
before it has realized our expected level of returns for such business.
If any of our managed investments perform poorly or experience prolonged periods of volatility, or we are unable to deploy
capital effectively, our fee-based revenue, cash available for distribution and/or carried interest would decline. Accordingly, our
expected returns on these investments may be less than we have assumed in forecasting the value of our business.
Actions or conduct that have a negative impact on our investors’ or stakeholders’ perception of us could adversely impact our
ability to attract and/or retain investor capital and generate fee revenue.
The growth of our business relies on continuous fundraising for various private and public investment products, and retention of
capital raised from third-party investors. We depend on our business relationships and our global reputation for integrity and high-
caliber asset management services to attract and retain investors and advisory clients, and to pursue investment opportunities for
our clients. Our business relationships and reputation could be negatively impacted by a number of factors including poor
performance; actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest that are not adequately addressed; misconduct or alleged
misconduct by employees; rumors or innuendos; or failed or ineffective implementation of new investments or strategies. If we
are unable to continue to raise and retain capital from third-party investors, including from the Corporation, either privately,
publicly or both, or otherwise are unable to pursue our investment opportunities, this could materially reduce our revenue and
cash flows and adversely affect our financial condition.
Poor performance of any kind could damage our reputation with current and potential investors in our managed assets, making it
more difficult for us to raise new capital. Investors may decline to invest in current and future managed assets and may withdraw
their investments from our managed assets as a result of poor performance in the entity in which they are invested, and investors
in our private funds may demand lower fees for new or existing funds, all of which would decrease our revenue.
As a global alternative asset manager with various lines of business and investment products, some of which have overlapping
mandates, we may be subject to a number of actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest.
In addressing these conflicts, we have implemented a variety of policies and procedures; however, there can be no assurances that
these will be effective at mitigating actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest in all circumstances, or will not reduce the
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positive synergies that we seek to cultivate. It is also possible that actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest, if not
properly addressed, could give rise to investor dissatisfaction, litigation, regulatory enforcement actions or other detrimental
outcomes. See “Risks Relating to the Manager — Our organizational and ownership structure may create conflicts of interest that
may be resolved in a manner that is not in our best interests or the best interests of our shareholders”.
Appropriately dealing with conflicts of interest for an asset manager like us is a priority and our reputation could be damaged if
we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with actual, potential or perceived conflicts of interest. Asset manager conflicts are
subject to enhanced regulatory scrutiny in the markets in which we operate and in the U.S. in particular. Such regulatory scrutiny
can lead to fines, penalties and other negative consequences. Regulatory scrutiny of, or litigation in connection with, conflicts of
interest could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations in a number of
ways, including an inability to adequately capitalize existing managed assets or raise new managed assets, including private
funds, and a reluctance of counterparties to do business with us. For information regarding conflicts of interests between the
businesses within our asset management operations that operate on opposite sides of an information barrier, see “—Information
barriers may give rise to certain conflicts and risks and investment teams managing the activities of businesses that operate on
opposite sides of an information barrier will not be aware of, and will not have the ability to manage, such conflicts and risks”
herein.
Our reputation could also be negatively impacted if there is misconduct or alleged misconduct by our personnel or those of our
managed assets, including historical misconduct prior to the investment in such managed asset. Risks associated with misconduct
at our managed assets is heightened in cases where we do not have legal control or significant influence over a particular managed
asset or are not otherwise involved in actively managing an investment. In such situations, given our management position and
affiliation with the managed asset, we may still be negatively impacted from a reputational perspective through this association. In
addition, even where we have management over an asset, if it is a newly acquired asset that we are in the process of integrating
then we may face reputational risks related to historical or current misconduct or alleged misconduct at such managed asset for a
period of time. We may also face increased risk of misconduct to the extent investments in operating assets in emerging markets
and distressed companies increases. If we face allegations of improper conduct by private litigants or regulators, whether the
allegations are valid or invalid or whether the ultimate outcome is favorable or unfavorable to us, such allegations may result in
negative publicity and press speculation about us, our investment activities or the asset management industry in general, which
could harm our reputation and may be more damaging to our business than to other types of businesses.
We are subject to a number of obligations and standards arising from our business and our authority over the assets we manage.
The violation of these obligations and standards by any of our employees may adversely affect our partners and our business and
reputation. Our business often requires that we deal with confidential matters. If our employees were to improperly use or disclose
confidential information, or a security breach results in an inadvertent disclosure of such information, we could suffer serious
harm to our reputation, financial position and current and future business relationships. It is not always possible to detect or deter
employee misconduct or security breaches, and the precautions we take in this regard may not be effective.
Implementation of new investment and growth strategies involves a number of risks that could result in losses and harm to our
professional reputation, including the risk that the expected results are not achieved, that new strategies are not appropriately
planned for or integrated, that new strategies may conflict with, detract from or compete against our managed assets, and that the
investment process, controls and procedures that we have developed will prove insufficient or inadequate. Furthermore, our
strategic initiatives may include joint ventures, in which case we will be subject to additional risks and uncertainties in that we
may be dependent upon and subject to liability, losses or reputational damage relating to systems, controls and personnel that are
not under our complete control or under the control of another.
In addition to impacting our ability to raise and retain third-party capital and pursue investment opportunities, certain of the risks
identified herein that may have a negative impact on our reputation also could, in extreme cases, result in our removal as general
partner or an acceleration of the liquidation date of the private funds that we manage. The governing agreements of our private
funds provide that, subject to certain conditions (which may, particularly in the case of our removal as general partner, include
final legal adjudications of the merits of the particular issue), third-party investors in these funds will have the right to remove us
as general partner or to accelerate the liquidation date of the fund. Additionally, at any time, investors may seek to terminate a
fund and accelerate the liquidation date upon the vote of a super-majority of investors in such fund. A significant negative impact
to our reputation would be expected to increase the likelihood that investors could seek to terminate a private fund. This effect
would be magnified if, as is often the case, an investor is invested in more than one fund. Such an event, were it to occur, would
result in a reduction in the fees we would earn from such fund, particularly if we are unable to maximize the value of the fund’s
investments during the liquidation process or in the event of the triggering of a “clawback” for fees already paid out to us as
general partner.
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We are subject to numerous laws, rules and regulatory requirements which may impact our business, including resulting in
financial penalties, loss of business and/or damage to our reputation in instances of non-compliance.
There are many laws, governmental rules and regulations and listing exchange rules that apply to our business and our managed
assets. Changes in these laws, rules and regulations, or their interpretation by governmental agencies or the courts, could
adversely affect our business, our managed assets, or our prospects, or those of our affiliates, customers, clients or partners. The
failure of the Manager, our asset management business or the entities that we manage to comply with these laws, rules and
regulations, or with the rules and registration requirements of the respective stock exchanges on which we and they are listed,
could adversely affect our reputation and financial condition.
Our business, including our investment advisory and broker-dealer business, is subject to substantial and increasing regulatory
compliance obligations and oversight, and this higher level of scrutiny may lead to more regulatory enforcement actions. There
continues to be uncertainty regarding the appropriate level of regulation and oversight of asset management businesses in a
number of jurisdictions in which we operate. The financial services industry has been the subject of heightened scrutiny and
enforcement actions. Regulatory investigations and/or enforcement actions by our regulators could have a material adverse effect
on our business and/or reputation. In addition, the introduction of new legislation and increased regulation may result in increased
compliance costs and could materially affect the manner in which we conduct our business and adversely affect our profitability.
Although there may be some areas where governments in certain jurisdictions propose deregulation, it is difficult to predict the
timing and impact of any such deregulation, and we may not materially benefit from any such changes.
Our business is not only regulated in the U.S., but also in other jurisdictions where we conduct operations including the E.U., the
U.K., Canada, Brazil, Colombia, Australia, India, South Korea and China. Similar to the environment in the U.S., our business
and how we market in jurisdictions outside the U.S. has become subject to further regulation. Governmental agencies around the
world have proposed or implemented a number of initiatives and additional rules and regulations that could adversely affect our
business and our managed assets, and governmental agencies may propose or implement further rules and regulations in the
future. These rules and regulations may impact how we market in these jurisdictions and introduce compliance obligations with
respect to disclosure and transparency, as well as restrictions on investor participation and distributions. Such regulations may
also prescribe certain capital requirements on our managed assets, and conditions on the leverage our managed assets may employ
and the liquidity these managed assets must have. Compliance with additional regulatory requirements will impose additional
restrictions and expenses for us and could reduce our operating flexibility and fundraising opportunities.
The broker-dealer side of our managed assets is regulated by the SEC, the various Canadian provincial securities commissions, as
well as self-regulatory organizations, including the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority in the U.S. These regulatory bodies
may conduct administrative or enforcement proceedings that can result in censure, fine, suspension or expulsion of a broker-
dealer, its directors, officers or employees. Such proceedings, whether or not resulting in adverse findings, can require substantial
expenditures and can have an adverse impact on the reputation of a broker-dealer.
The advisors of certain of our managed assets are registered as investment advisers with the SEC. Registered investment advisers
are subject to the requirements and regulations of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, which grants U.S. supervisory agencies
broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict the carrying on of business for failure to comply with laws or
regulations. If such powers are exercised, the possible sanctions that may be imposed include the suspension of individual
employees, limitations on the activities in which the investment adviser may engage, suspension or revocation of the investment
adviser’s registration, censure and fines. Compliance with these requirements and regulations results in the expenditure of
resources, and a failure to comply could result in investigations, financial or other sanctions, and reputational damage.
The Investment Company Act and the rules promulgated thereunder provide certain protections to investors and impose certain
restrictions on entities that are deemed “investment companies” under the Investment Company Act. We are not currently, nor do
we intend to become, an investment company under the Investment Company Act. To ensure that we are not deemed to be an
investment company, we may be required to materially restrict or limit the scope of our operations or plans and the types of
acquisitions that we may make, and we may need to modify our organizational structure or dispose of assets that we would not
otherwise dispose of. If we were required to register as an investment company, we would face severe limitations on the operation
of our business. Among other things, we would be prohibited from engaging in certain business activities (or have conditions
placed on our business activities), face restrictions on engaging in transactions with affiliated entities and issuing certain securities
or engaging in certain types of financings, be restricted with respect to the amount and types of borrowings we are permitted to
obtain, be required to limit the amount of investments that we make as principal, and face other limitations on our activities.
We have and may become subject to additional regulatory and compliance requirements as we expand our product offerings and
investment platform which likely will carry additional legal and compliance costs, as well as additional operating requirements
that may also increase costs.
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Our strategies primarily invest in renewable power and transition, infrastructure, business services, real estate and industrial
assets. In doing so, our managed assets are required to comply with extensive and complex municipal, state or provincial, national
and international laws and regulations. These laws and regulations can result in uncertainty and delays and impose additional
costs, which may adversely affect our results of operations. Changes in these laws and regulations may negatively impact us and
our managed assets or may benefit our competitors and their businesses.
Additionally, liability under such laws, rules and regulations may occur without our fault. In certain cases, parties can pursue legal
actions against us to enforce compliance as well as seek damages for non-compliance or for personal injury or property damage.
Our insurance may not provide sufficient coverage in the event that a successful claim is made against us.
Most of our funds rely on Rule 506 of Regulation D under the U.S. Securities Act to raise capital from investors. Rule 506 is not
available to issuers deemed to be “bad actors” under Rule 506 if a covered person of the issuer has been the subject to certain
criminal, civil or regulatory disqualifying events. Covered persons include, among others, the issuer, executive officer or other
officer participating in the offering of the issuer, any general partner or managing member of the foregoing entities, any promoter
of the issuer and any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the issuer’s outstanding voting equity securities. If one or more of our
funds were to lose the ability to rely on the Rule 506 exemption because a covered person has been the subject of a disqualifying
event, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Federal, state and foreign anti-bribery and corruption and trade sanctions laws and restrictions on foreign direct investment
applicable to us and our managed assets create the potential for significant liabilities and penalties, the inability to complete
transactions, imposition of significant costs and burdens, and reputational harm and we may also be subject to various
governmental investigations.
We are from time to time subject to various governmental investigations, audits and inquiries, both formal and informal. These
investigations, regardless of their outcome, can be costly, divert management attention and damage our reputation. The
unfavorable resolution of such investigations could result in criminal liability, fines, penalties or other monetary or non-monetary
sanctions and could materially affect our business or results of operations.
We are subject to a number of laws and regulations governing payments and contributions to public officials or other third parties
both domestically and in respect of managed assets abroad, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (the
“FCPA”), various federal and state corruption laws, and similar laws in non-U.S. jurisdictions, such as the U.K. Bribery Act 2010,
the Canadian Corruption of Foreign Public Officials Act (the “CFPOA”), the Brazilian Clean Companies Act, the Australian
Criminal Code Act 1995, the Indian Prevention of Corruption Act, the Chinese Criminal Law and the Anti-Unfair Competition
Law (China), and the Bermudian Bribery Act 2016. This global focus on anti-bribery and corruption enforcement may also lead to
more investigations, both formal and informal, in this area, the results of which cannot be predicted.
Instances of bribery, fraud, accounting irregularities and other improper, illegal or corrupt practices can be difficult to detect, in
particular when conducting due diligence in connection with acquisitions, and fraud and other deceptive practices can be
widespread in certain jurisdictions. We invest in emerging market countries that may not have established stringent anti-bribery
and corruption laws and regulations, where existing laws and regulations may not be consistently enforced, or that are perceived
to have materially higher levels of corruption according to international rating standards. Due diligence on investment
opportunities in these jurisdictions is frequently more challenging because consistent and uniform commercial practices in such
locations may not have developed or do not meet international standards. Bribery, fraud, accounting irregularities and corrupt
practices can be especially difficult to detect in such locations. When acquiring assets in distress, the quality of financial
information of the target may also make it difficult to identify irregularities.
The FCPA prohibits bribery of non-U.S. officials, candidates for office and political parties, and requires U.S. companies to keep
books and records that accurately and fairly reflect those companies’ transactions. Similar laws in non-U.S. jurisdictions, such as
the U.K. Bribery Act 2010 and the CFPOA, as well as other applicable anti-bribery and corruption or related laws in the United
States and abroad, may also impose stricter or more onerous requirements than the FCPA, and implementing them may disrupt
our business or cause us to incur significantly more costs to comply with those laws. The policies and procedures we have
implemented to comply with anti-bribery and corruption legislation may be inadequate. If we fail to comply with such laws and
regulations, we could be exposed to claims for damages, financial penalties, incarceration of our employees, reputational harm,
restrictions on our operations and other liabilities, which could negatively affect our operating results and financial condition. In
addition, we may be subject to successor liability for violations under these laws and regulations or other acts of bribery
committed by entities in which we or our managed assets invest.
We are also subject to laws and regulations governing trade and economic sanctions. The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the
U.S. Department of the Treasury (“OFAC”), the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Department of State administer and
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enforce various trade control laws and regulations, including economic and trade sanctions based on U.S. foreign policy and
national security goals against targeted foreign states, organizations and individuals. These laws and regulations implicate a
number of aspects of our business, including servicing existing fund investors, finding new fund investors, and sourcing new
investments, as well as activities by our managed assets or other controlled investments. Some of these regulations provide that
penalties can be imposed on us for the conduct of our managed assets, even if we have not ourselves violated any regulation.
Similar laws in non-U.S. jurisdictions, such as the Special Economic Measures Act (Canada), the United Nations Act (Canada)
and the Justice for Victims of Corrupt Foreign Officials Act (Canada), and E.U. sanctions, may also impose restrictions or
requirements on us or our managed assets. Applicable laws of various jurisdictions may contain conflicting provisions, making
our compliance more difficult. For example, Canada has adopted measures, such as the Canadian Foreign Extraterritorial
Measures Act, that could restrict certain persons and entities subject to Canadian jurisdiction from complying with extra-territorial
sanctions imposed by other jurisdictions, such as the U.S. Beginning in February 2022, the United States and other countries
began imposing meaningful sanctions targeting Russia as a result of actions taken by Russia in Ukraine. We and our managed
assets are required to comply with these and potentially additional sanctions imposed by the United States and by other countries,
for which the full costs, burdens and limitations on our business and prospects are currently unknown and may become
significant.
In addition, the U.S. and many non-U.S. countries that have laws designed to protect national security or to restrict foreign direct
investment. For example, under the United States Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act (“FIRRMA”), the
Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (“CFIUS”) has the authority to review, block or impose conditions on
investments by non-U.S. persons in U.S. companies or real assets deemed critical or sensitive to the United States. Many non-U.S.
jurisdictions have similar laws. For example, the E.U. has adopted an E.U.-wide mechanism to screen foreign investment on
national security grounds and most E.U. member states now have a foreign investment screening mechanism in place or has
initiated a consultative or legislative process expected to result in the adoption of a new mechanism or amendments to an existing
mechanism, adopted a regulation aimed at regulation of foreign subsidies that could distort the internal E.U. market.
Under these laws, governments have the authority to impose a variety of actions, including requirements for the advance
screening or notification of certain transactions, blocking or imposing conditions on certain transactions, limiting the size of
foreign equity investments or control by foreign investors, and restricting the employment of foreigners as key personnel. These
actions could limit our ability to find suitable investments, cause delays in consummating transactions, result in the abandonment
of transactions, and impose burdensome operational requirements on us or our managed assets. These laws could also negatively
impact our fundraising and syndication activities by causing us to exclude or limit certain investors in our funds or co-investors
for our transactions. Moreover, these laws may make it difficult for us to identify suitable buyers for our investments that we want
to exit and could constrain the universe of exit opportunities generally. Complying with these laws imposes potentially significant
costs and complex additional burdens, and any failure by us or our managed assets to comply with them could expose us to
significant penalties, sanctions, loss of future investment opportunities, additional regulatory scrutiny, and reputational harm.
Our cash flow, all of which will come from our asset management business, must be available to meet our financial
obligations when due and enable us to capitalize on investment opportunities when they arise.
We employ debt and other forms of leverage in the ordinary course of business to enhance returns. We are therefore subject to the
risks associated with debt financing (directly and indirectly through our managed assets) and refinancing, including but not
limited to the following: (i) our cash flow may be insufficient to meet required payments of principal and interest; (ii) payments of
principal and interest on borrowings may leave us with insufficient cash resources to pay operating expenses and dividends; (iii) if
we are unable to obtain committed debt financing for potential acquisitions or can only obtain debt at high interest rates or on
other unfavorable terms, we may have difficulty completing acquisitions or may generate profits that are lower than would
otherwise be the case; (iv) we may not be able to refinance indebtedness at maturity due to company and market factors such as
the estimated cash flow produced by our assets, the value of our assets, liquidity in the debt markets and/or financial, competitive,
business and other factors; and (v) if we are able to refinance our indebtedness, the terms of a refinancing may not be as favorable
as the original terms for such indebtedness. If we are unable to refinance our indebtedness on acceptable terms, or at all, we may
need to utilize available liquidity, which would reduce our ability to pursue new investment opportunities, or we may need to
dispose of one or more of our or our managed assets on disadvantageous terms, or raise equity, thereby causing dilution to
existing shareholders. Regulatory changes or changes in economic or market conditions may also result in higher borrowing costs
and reduced access to credit.
The terms of our various credit agreements and other financing documents may require us to comply with a number of customary
financial and other covenants, such as maintaining debt service coverage and leverage ratios, adequate insurance coverage and
certain credit ratings. These covenants may limit our flexibility in conducting our business and breaches of these covenants could
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result in defaults under the instruments governing the applicable indebtedness, even if we have satisfied and continue to satisfy
our payment obligations.
A large proportion of our managed assets include physical assets and securities that can be hard to sell, especially if market
conditions are poor. Further, because our investment strategy can entail our having representation on public company boards, we
may be restricted in our ability to effect sales during certain time periods. A lack of liquidity could limit our ability to vary our
managed assets promptly in response to changing economic or investment conditions. Additionally, if financial or operating
difficulties of other owners result in distress sales, such sales could depress asset values in the markets in which we manage
assets. The restrictions inherent in managing physical assets could reduce our ability to respond to changes in market conditions
and could adversely affect the performance of investments across our fund strategies, our financial condition and our results of
operations.
Because there is significant uncertainty in the valuation of, or in the stability of the value of illiquid or non-public investments, the
fair values of such investments do not necessarily reflect the prices that would actually be obtained when such investments are
realized. Realizations at values significantly lower than the values at which investments have been recorded would result in
losses, a decline in asset management fees and the potential loss of carried interest and incentive fees.
Additionally, from time to time, we may guarantee the obligations of other entities that we manage. If we are required to fund
these commitments and are unable to do so, this could result in damages being pursued against us or a loss of opportunity through
default under contracts that are otherwise to our benefit.
We may be exposed to risks associated with acquisitions.
A part of the Manager’s growth strategy involves seeking acquisition opportunities. We will face competition for acquisitions,
including from our competitors, many of whom will have greater financial resources than us. There can be no assurance that we
will identify and successfully complete acquisitions that will advance our growth strategy, or at all. Though we are not currently
pursuing any strategic acquisitions, future acquisitions will likely involve some or all of the following risks, which could
materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations: the difficulty of integrating the acquired
operations and personnel into our current operations; potential disruption of our current operations; diversion of resources,
including our management’s time and attention; the difficulty of managing the growth of a larger organization; the risk of entering
markets in which we have little experience; the risk of becoming involved in labor, commercial or regulatory disputes or litigation
related to the new enterprise; the risk of environmental or other liabilities associated with the acquired business; and the risk of a
change of control resulting from an acquisition triggering rights of third parties or government agencies under contracts with, or
authorizations held by, the managed assets being acquired. It is possible that due diligence investigations into businesses being
acquired may fail to uncover all material risks, or to identify a change of control trigger in a material contract or authorization, or
that a contractual counterparty or government agency may take a different view on the interpretation of such a provision to that
taken by us, thereby resulting in a dispute.
Foreign exchange rate fluctuations could adversely impact our aggregate foreign currency exposure and hedging strategies
may not be effective.
We have pursued and intend to continue to pursue growth opportunities in international markets, and often deploy capital in
countries where the U.S. dollar is not the local currency. As a result, we are subject to foreign currency risk due to potential
fluctuations in exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. A significant depreciation in the value of the
currency utilized in one or more countries where we have a significant presence may have a material adverse effect on the results
of our operations and financial position. In addition, we are active in certain markets where economic growth is dependent on the
price of commodities and the currencies in these markets can be more volatile as a result.
Our business and our managed assets are impacted by changes in currency rates, interest rates, commodity prices and other
financial exposures. We selectively utilize financial instruments to manage these exposures, including credit default swaps and
other derivatives to hedge certain of our financial positions. However, a significant portion of these risks may remain unhedged.
We may also choose to establish unhedged positions in the ordinary course of business.
There is no assurance that hedging strategies, to the extent they are used, will fully mitigate the risks they are intended to offset.
Additionally, derivatives that we use are also subject to their own unique set of risks, including counterparty risk with respect to
the financial well-being of the party on the other side of these transactions and a potential requirement to fund mark-to-market
adjustments. Our financial risk management policies may not ultimately be effective at managing these risks.
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and similar laws in other jurisdictions impose rules
and regulations governing oversight of the over-the-counter derivatives market and its participants. These regulations may impose
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additional costs and regulatory scrutiny on us. If our derivative transactions are required to be executed through exchanges or
regulated facilities, we will face incremental collateral requirements in the form of initial margin and require variation margin to
be cash settled on a daily basis. Such an increase in margin requirements (relative to bilateral agreements) or a more restricted list
of securities that qualify as eligible collateral, would require us to hold larger positions in cash and treasuries, which could reduce
income. We cannot predict the effect of changing derivatives legislation on our hedging costs, our hedging strategy or its
implementation, or the risks that we hedge. Regulation of derivatives may increase the cost of derivative contracts, reduce the
availability of derivatives to protect against operational risk and reduce the liquidity of the derivatives market, all of which may
reduce our use of derivatives and result in the increased volatility and decreased predictability of our cash flows.
We may be required to make temporary investments and backstop commitments with respect to our business and managed
assets and may be unable to syndicate, assign or transfer such investments and commitments.
We periodically may be asked to enter into agreements that commit us to acquire or stand in place of another entity to acquire
assets or securities in order to support our managed assets with the expectation that our commitment is temporary. For example,
we may acquire an asset suitable for a particular managed business that is fundraising and warehouse that asset through the
fundraising period before transferring the asset to the managed business for which it was intended. As another example, our asset
management business may commit capital for a particular acquisition transaction as part of a consortium alongside certain of our
managed assets with the expectation that we will syndicate or assign all or a portion of our own commitment to investors prior to,
at the same time as, or subsequent to, the anticipated closing of the transaction. In all of these cases, our support is intended to be
of a temporary nature and we engage in this activity in order to further the growth and development of our asset management
business.
Even if our asset management business’ direct participation is intended to be of a temporary nature, our asset management
business may be unable to syndicate, assign or transfer its interest or commitment as our asset management business intended and
therefore may be required to take or keep ownership of assets or securities for an extended period. This would increase the
amount of our asset management business’ own capital deployed to certain assets and could have an adverse impact on our asset
management business’ liquidity, which may negatively impact its ability to meet other financial commitments.
Rising interest rates could increase our interest costs and adversely affect our financial performance.
Many long-life assets are interest rate sensitive. Increases in interest rates will, other things being equal, decrease the value of an
asset by reducing the present value of the cash flows expected to be produced by such asset. As the present value of an income-
producing asset may decline as a result of interest rate increases, certain financial and other covenants under credit agreements
governing such asset could be breached, even if we have satisfied and continue to satisfy our payment obligations thereunder.
Such a breach could result in negative consequences on our financial performance and results of operations.
Additionally, any of our debt or preferred shares that are subject to variable interest rates, either as an obligation with a variable
interest rate or as an obligation with a fixed interest rate that resets into a variable interest rate in the future, are subject to interest
rate risk. Further, the value of any debt or preferred share that is subject to a fixed interest rate will be determined based on the
prevailing interest rates and, accordingly, this type of debt or preferred share is also subject to interest rate risk.
In many jurisdictions in which we operate, a period of sharply increasing interest rates may cause certain market dislocations that
could negatively impact our financial performance, increase the cost and impact the availability of debt financing and thereby
negatively impact the ability of our managed assets to obtain attractive financing or refinancing and could increase the cost of
such financing if obtained. Many factors may impact us and our managed assets, including interest rate increases, which would
impact the amount of revenue generated by our managed assets and may lead to an increase in the amount of cash required to
service our obligations.
Our revenues may be adversely affected by a decline in the size or pace of investments made by our managed assets.
The revenues that we earn are driven in part by the pace at which our funds make investments and the size of those investments,
and a decline in the pace or the size of such investments may reduce our revenues. In particular, in recent years we have
meaningfully increased the number of perpetual strategies we offer and the assets under management in such strategies. The fees
we earn from our perpetual capital strategies represent a significant and growing portion of our overall revenues. If our funds,
including our perpetual capital strategies, are unable to deploy capital at a sufficient pace, our revenues would be adversely
impacted. Many factors could cause a decline in the pace of investment, including a market environment characterized by relative
high prices, the inability of our investment professionals to identify attractive investment opportunities, competition for such
opportunities among other potential acquirers, decreased availability of capital on attractive terms. Further, we may fail to
consummate identified investment opportunities because of business, regulatory or legal complexities or uncertainty and adverse
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developments in the markets in which we operate, financial markets or geopolitical conditions, and our ability to deploy capital in
certain countries may be adversely impacted by government policy changes and regulations.
Our revenue, earnings, net income and cash flow can materially vary from quarter to quarter, which may affect our earnings
growth and dividend on a quarterly basis and can affect the trading price of the Class A Shares.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow, substantially all of which is derived from our asset management business, can vary
materially due to our reliance on incentive distributions and performance-based returns, such as carried interest. We may
experience fluctuations in our results, including our revenue and net income, from quarter to quarter due to a number of other
factors, including timing of realizations, changes in the valuations of our funds’ investments, changes in the amount of
distributions, dividends or interest paid in respect of investments, changes in our operating expenses, the degree to which we
encounter competition and general economic and market conditions. Achieving steady growth in net income and cash flow on a
quarterly basis may be difficult, which could in turn cause our dividend and our ability to pay dividends to fluctuate and lead to
large adverse movements or general increased volatility in the price of the Class A Shares. We also do not provide any guidance
regarding our expected quarterly and annual operating results. The lack of guidance may affect the expectations of public market
analysts and could cause increased volatility in the Class A Shares.
Our cash flow may fluctuate significantly due to the fact that we receive carried interest from certain of our funds only when
investments are realized and achieve a certain preferred return. The payment of performance-based returns, including carried
interest, depends on the applicable funds’ performance and opportunities for realizing gains, which may be limited. It takes a
substantial period of time to identify attractive investment opportunities, to raise all the funds needed to make an investment and
then to realize the cash value (or other proceeds) of an investment through a sale, public offering, recapitalization or other exit.
Even if an investment proves to be profitable, it may be a number of years before any profits can be realized in cash (or other
proceeds). We cannot predict when, or if, any realization of investments will occur.
The mark-to-market valuations of investments made by our funds are subject to volatility driven by economic and market
conditions. Economic and market conditions may also negatively impact our realization opportunities.
The valuations of and realization opportunities for investments made by our funds could also be subject to high volatility as a
result of uncertainty regarding governmental policy with respect to, among other things, tax, financial services regulation,
international trade, immigration, healthcare, labor, infrastructure and energy.
In addition, upon the realization of a profitable investment by any of our funds featuring performance-based returns and prior to
our receiving any carried interest in respect of that investment, 100% of the proceeds of that investment must generally be paid to
the investors in such fund until they have recovered certain fees and expenses and achieved a certain return on all realized
investments by that fund as well as a recovery of any unrealized losses. A particular realization event may have a significant
impact on our results for that particular quarter that may not be replicated in subsequent quarters. We recognize revenue on
investments in our funds based on our allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds, and a
decline in realized or unrealized gains, or an increase in realized or unrealized losses, would adversely affect our revenue and
possibly cash flow, which could further increase the volatility of our quarterly results. Because our funds have preferred return
thresholds to investors that need to be met prior to our receiving any carried interest or other performance-based returns,
substantial declines in the carrying value of the investment portfolios of such funds can significantly delay or eliminate any
performance-based returns paid to us in respect of that fund since the value of the assets in the fund would need to recover to their
aggregate cost basis plus the preferred return over time before we would be entitled to receive any performance-based returns,
including carried interest, from that fund.
The timing and receipt of performance-based returns also varies with the life cycle of our funds. During periods in which a
relatively large portion of our assets under management is attributable to funds and investments in their “harvesting” period, our
funds would make larger distributions than in the fundraising or investment periods that precede harvesting. During periods in
which a significant portion of our assets under management is attributable to funds that are not in their harvesting periods, we may
receive substantially lower performance-based returns, including carried interest.
The varying frequency of payments of our different funds and strategies will contribute to the volatility of our cash flow.
Furthermore, we earn this incentive income only if the net asset value of a vehicle has increased or, in the case of certain vehicles,
increased beyond a particular return threshold, or if the vehicle has earned a net profit. Certain of these vehicles also have “high
water marks” whereby we do not earn incentive income during a particular period even though the vehicle had positive returns in
such period as a result of losses in prior periods. If one of these vehicles experiences losses, we will not earn incentive income
from it until it surpasses the previous high water mark. The incentive income we earn is therefore dependent on the net asset value
or the net profit of the vehicle, which could lead to significant volatility in our results.
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Our access to retail investors and selling retail directed products in numerous jurisdictions opens us up to potential litigation
and regulatory enforcement risks.
In 2021, we created a business group in partnership with Oaktree to serve the global wealth management channel, delivering
access to Brookfield and Oaktree’s private and public funds. Our goal is to increase the number and type of investment products
we offer to high-net-worth individuals and mass affluent investors in the U.S. and other jurisdictions around the world. In some
cases, our unregistered funds are distributed to retail investors indirectly through third-party managed vehicles sponsored by
brokerage firms, private banks or third-party feeder providers, and in other cases directly to the qualified clients of private banks,
independent investment advisors and brokers. In other cases, we create investment products specifically designed for direct
investment by retail investors in the U.S., some of whom are not accredited investors, or similar investors in non-U.S.
jurisdictions, including in Europe. Such investment products are regulated by the SEC in the U.S. and by other similar regulatory
bodies in other jurisdictions.
Accessing retail investors and selling retail directed products expose us to new and greater levels of risk, including heightened
litigation and regulatory enforcement risks. To the extent distribution of retail products is through new channels, including
through an increasing number of distributors with whom we engage, we may not be able to effectively monitor or control the
manner of their distribution, which could result in litigation or regulatory action against us, including with respect to, among other
things, claims that products distributed through such channels are distributed to customers for whom they are unsuitable or that
they are distributed in an otherwise inappropriate manner. Although we seek to ensure through due diligence and onboarding
procedures that the third-party channels through which retail investors access our investment products conduct themselves
responsibly, we are exposed to the risks of reputational damage and legal liability to the extent such third parties improperly sell
our products to investors. This risk is heightened by the continuing increase in the number of third parties through whom we
distribute our investment products around the world and who we do not control. For example, in certain cases, we may be viewed
by a regulator as responsible for the content of materials prepared by third-party distributors.
Similarly, there is a risk that employees involved in the direct distribution of our products, or employees who oversee independent
advisors, brokerage firms and other third parties around the world involved in distributing our products, do not follow our
compliance and supervisory procedures. In addition, the distribution of retail products, including through new channels whether
directly or through market intermediaries, could expose us to allegations of improper conduct and/or actions by state and federal
regulators in the U.S. and regulators in jurisdictions outside of the U.S. with respect to, among other things, product suitability,
investor classification, compliance with securities laws, conflicts of interest and the adequacy of disclosure to customers to whom
our products are distributed through those channels.
As we expand the distribution of products to retail investors outside of the U.S., we are increasingly exposed to risks in non-U.S.
jurisdictions. While these risks are similar to those that we face in the distribution of products to retail investors in the U.S.,
securities laws and other applicable regulatory regimes in many jurisdictions, including the U.K. and the European Economic
Area, are extensive, complex, and vary by local jurisdiction. As a result, this expansion subjects us to additional litigation and
regulatory risk.
In addition, our initiatives to expand our retail investor base, including outside of the U.S., require the investment of significant
time, effort and resources, including the potential hiring of additional personnel, the implementation of new operational,
compliance and other systems and processes and the development or implementation of new technology. There is no assurance
that our efforts to grow our retail assets under management will be successful.
Ineffective maintenance of our culture or ineffective management of human capital could adversely impact our business and
financial performance.
Our ability to compete effectively in our business will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate
our existing employees. Our senior management team has a significant role in our success and oversees the execution of our
investment strategies. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified employees, our ability to compete successfully and achieve
our business objectives could be limited, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively
impacted.
Our ability to retain and motivate our management team, attract suitable replacements should any members of our management
team leave, or attract new investment professionals as our business grows, is dependent on, among other things, the competitive
nature of the employment market and the career opportunities and compensation that we can offer. In all of our markets, we face
intense competition in connection with the attraction and retention of qualified employees.
We may experience departures of key professionals in the future. We cannot predict the impact that any such departures will have
on our ability to achieve our objectives. Our senior management team possesses substantial experience and expertise and has
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strong business relationships with investors in our managed assets and other members of the business communities and industries
in which we operate. As a result, the loss of these personnel could jeopardize our relationships with investors in our managed
assets and other members of the business communities and industries in which we operate and result in the reduction of our assets
under management or fewer investment opportunities. Accordingly, the loss of services from key professionals or a limitation in
their availability could adversely impact our financial condition and cash flow. Furthermore, such a loss could be negatively
perceived in the capital markets.
Additionally, the departure of certain individuals could trigger certain “key person” provisions in the documentation governing
certain of our private funds, which would permit the limited partners of those funds to suspend or terminate the funds’ investment
periods or withdraw their capital prior to the expiration of the applicable lock-up date. Our key person provisions vary by both
strategy and fund and, with respect to each strategy and fund, are typically tied to multiple individuals, meaning that it would
require the departure of more than one individual to trigger the key person provisions. Our human capital risks may be
exacerbated by the fact that we do not maintain any key person insurance.
The conduct of our business and the execution of our strategy rely heavily on teamwork. Our continued ability to respond
promptly to opportunities and challenges as they arise depends on co-operation and co-ordination across our organization and our
team-oriented management structure, which may not materialize in the way we expect.
A portion of the workforce in some of our managed assets is unionized. If we are unable to negotiate acceptable collective
bargaining agreements with any of our unions as existing agreements expire, we could experience a work stoppage, which could
result in a significant disruption to the affected operations, higher ongoing labor costs and restrictions on our ability to maximize
the efficiency of our operations, all of which could have an adverse effect on our financial results.
Political instability, changes in government policy or unfamiliar cultural factors could adversely impact the value of our
investments.
We are subject to geopolitical uncertainties in all jurisdictions in which we operate. We make investments in businesses that are
based outside of North America and we may pursue investments in unfamiliar markets, which may expose us to additional risks
not typically associated with investing in North America. We may not properly adjust to the local culture and business practices in
such markets, and there is the prospect that we may hire personnel or partner with local persons who might not comply with our
culture and ethical business practices; either scenario could result in the failure of our initiatives in new or existing markets and
lead to financial losses for us and our managed assets. There are risks of political instability in several of our major markets and in
other parts of the world in which we conduct business from factors such as political conflict, tariffs and other protectionist trade
policies, including the encouragement of the onshoring of manufacturing in the U.S. and other countries, income inequality,
refugee migration, terrorism, armed conflict, the potential break-up of countries or political-economic unions and political
corruption; the materialization of one or more of these risks could negatively affect our financial performance.
For example, recent and ongoing conflict in the Middle East and Eastern Europe have contributed to global economic uncertainty,
resulted in volatility in fuel prices, amplified existing supply chain challenges caused by increases in shipping costs (including as
a result of conflicts and other attacks in or near shipping channels) and heightened cybersecurity disruptions and threats. Further
economic and political instability and the escalation or expansion of armed conflict in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, or
elsewhere in the world could significantly disrupt the free movement of goods, services and people, have a destabilizing effect on
energy markets and result in potential higher costs of conducting business. Similarly, an inability of local and national
governments to effectively manage ongoing political disputes could result in local, regional and/or global instability. The
materialization of one or more of these risks could negatively affect our financial performance and adversely impact our business.
Any existing or new operations may be subject to significant political, economic and financial risks, which vary by country, and
may include: (i) changes in government policies and regulations, including protectionist policies, or personnel; (ii) changes in
general economic or social conditions; (iii) restrictions on currency transfer or convertibility; (iv) changes in labor relations; (v)
military conflict, political instability and civil unrest; (vi) less developed or efficient financial markets than in North America;
(vii) the absence of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and disclosure requirements; (viii)
less government supervision and regulation; (ix) a less developed legal or regulatory environment; (x) heightened exposure to
corruption risk; (xi) political hostility to investments by foreign investors; (xii) less publicly available information in respect of
companies in non-North American markets; (xiii) adversely higher or lower rates of inflation; (xiv) higher transaction costs; (xv)
difficulty in enforcing contractual obligations and expropriation or confiscation of assets; and (xvi) fewer investor protections.
Unforeseen political events in markets where we have significant investors and/or where we have managed assets or may look to
for further growth of our assets and businesses, such as the U.S., Canadian, Brazilian, Australian, European, Middle Eastern and
Asian markets, may create economic uncertainty that has a negative impact on our financial performance. Such uncertainty could
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cause disruptions to our businesses, including affecting our managed assets and/or our relationships with our investors, customers
and suppliers, as well as altering the relationship among tariffs and currencies, including the value of foreign currencies relative to
the U.S. dollar. Disruptions and uncertainties could adversely affect our financial condition, operating results and cash flows. In
addition, political outcomes in the markets in which we operate may also result in legal uncertainty and potentially divergent
national laws and regulations, which can contribute to general economic uncertainty. Economic uncertainty impacting us and our
managed assets could be exacerbated by supply chain disruptions, trade policy and geopolitical tensions.
Unfavorable economic conditions or changes in the industries in which we operate could adversely impact our financial
performance.
We are exposed to local, regional, national and international economic conditions and other events and occurrences beyond our
control, including, but not limited to, the following: short-term and long-term interest rates; inflation; credit and capital market
volatility; business investment levels; government spending levels; sovereign debt risks; consumer spending levels; changes in
laws, rules or regulations; trade barriers; supply chain disruptions; commodity prices; currency exchange rates and controls;
national and international political circumstances (including wars, terrorist acts or security operations); catastrophic events
(including pandemics/epidemics, earthquakes, tornadoes or floods); the rate and direction of economic growth; and general
economic uncertainty. On a global basis, certain industries and sectors have created capacity that anticipated higher growth, which
has caused volatility across all markets, including commodity markets, which may have a negative impact on our financial
performance. Unfavorable economic conditions could affect the jurisdictions in which our entities are formed and where we and
our managed assets operate businesses, and may cause a reduction in: (i) securities prices; (ii) the liquidity of investments made
by our managed assets; (iii) the value or performance of the investments made by our managed assets; and (iv) the ability of us
and our managed assets to raise or deploy capital, each of which could adversely impact our financial condition.
In general, a decline in economic conditions, either in the markets or industries in which our strategies invest, or both, will result
in downward pressure on our operating margins and asset values as a result of lower demand and increased price competition for
the services and products that we provide. In particular, given the importance of the U.S. to our operations, an economic downturn
in this market could have a significant adverse effect on our operating margins and asset values.
Many of our private funds have a finite life that may require us to exit an investment made in a fund at an inopportune time.
Volatility in the exit markets for these investments, increasing levels of capital required to finance companies to exit and rising
enterprise value thresholds to go public or complete a strategic sale can all contribute to the risk that we will not be able to exit a
private fund investment successfully. We cannot always control the timing of our private fund investment exits or our realizations
upon exit. See “—Actions or conduct that have a negative impact on our investors’ or stakeholders’ perception of us could
adversely impact our ability to attract and/or retain investor capital and generate fee revenue”. If global economic conditions
deteriorate, our investment performance could suffer, resulting in, for example, the payment of less or no carried interest to us.
The payment of less or no carried interest to us could cause our cash flow from operations to decrease, which could materially
adversely affect our liquidity position and the amount of cash we have on hand to conduct our operations. A reduction in our cash
flow from our Fee-Bearing Capital strategies and products could, in turn, require us to rely on other sources of cash such as the
capital markets, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or debt and other forms of leverage.
In addition, in an economic downturn, there is an increased risk of default by counterparties to our investments and other
transactions. In these circumstances, it is more likely that such transactions will fail or perform poorly, which may in turn have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.
Inflationary pressures could adversely impact our businesses.
Our managed assets are impacted by heightened inflationary pressures. High inflation continued to drive tightening in monetary
policies by major central banks in 2023, posing risks to economic growth ahead. Central banks in various countries may continue
to raise interest rates in response to concerns about inflation, which, coupled with reduced government spending and volatility in
financial markets, may have the effect of further increasing economic uncertainty and heightening these risks. Interest rate
increases or other government actions taken to reduce inflation could also result in recessionary pressures in many parts of the
world. Interest rate risk poses a significant market risk to us as a result of interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities held by us
and our managed assets. Higher interest rates or elevated interest rates for a sustained period could also result in an economic
slowdown. Economic contraction or further deceleration in the rate of growth in certain industries, sectors or geographies may
contribute to poor financial results at our managed assets. A significant portion of the upward pressure on prices has been
attributed to the rising costs of labor, energy, food, motor vehicles and housing and continuing global supply-chain disruptions.
Inflation increases may or may not be transitory and future inflation may be impacted by labor market constraints reducing,
supply-chain disruptions easing and commodity prices moderating. While regulated and contractual arrangements in our managed
assets can provide significant protection against inflationary pressures, any sustained upward trajectory in the inflation rate may
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still have an impact on our managed assets and our investors, and could impact our ability to source suitable investment
opportunities, match or exceed prior investment strategy performance and secure attractive debt financing, all of which could
adversely impact our managed assets and our growth and capital recycling initiatives.
Catastrophic events (or combination of events), such as earthquakes, tornadoes, floods, wildfires, pandemics/epidemics,
climate change, military conflict/war or terrorism/sabotage, could adversely impact our financial performance.
Our managed assets could be exposed to effects of catastrophic events, such as severe weather conditions, natural disasters, major
accidents, pandemics/epidemics, acts of malicious destruction, climate change, war/military conflict or terrorism, which could
materially adversely impact our operations.
A local, regional, national or international outbreak of a contagious disease, such as COVID-19, which spreads across the globe at
a rapid pace impacting global commercial activity and travel, or future public health crises, epidemics or pandemics, could
materially and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition due to disruptions to commerce, reduced
economic activity and other unforeseen consequences that are beyond our control.
Natural disasters and ongoing changes to the physical climate in which we and our managed assets operate may have an adverse
impact on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Changes in weather patterns or extreme weather
(such as floods, wildfires, droughts, hurricanes and other storms) may negatively affect our managed assets’ operations or damage
assets that we may own or develop. Further, rising sea levels could, in the future, affect the value of any low-lying coastal real
assets that we may manage. Climate change may increase the frequency and severity of severe weather conditions and may
change existing weather patterns in ways that are difficult to anticipate. Responses to these changes could result in higher costs,
such as the imposition of new property taxes and increases in insurance rates or additional capital expenditures.
Our managed assets forming part of our commercial office strategy are concentrated in large metropolitan areas, some of which
have been or may be perceived to be threatened by terrorist attacks or acts of war. Furthermore, many of such properties consist of
high rise buildings that may also be subject to this actual or perceived threat. The perceived threat of a terrorist attack or outbreak
of war could negatively impact our ability to lease office space in our managed real estate portfolio. Renewable power and
infrastructure assets that we manage, such as roads, railways, power generation facilities and ports, may also be targeted by
terrorist organizations or in acts of war. Any damage or business interruption costs as a result of uninsured or underinsured acts of
terrorism or war could result in a material cost to us and could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of
operation. Adequate terrorism insurance may not be available at rates we believe to be reasonable in the future. These risks could
be heightened by foreign policy decisions of the U.S. (where we have significant operations) and other influential countries or
general geopolitical conditions.
Additionally, our managed assets rely on free movement of goods, services and capital from around the globe. Any slowdown in
international investment, business or trade as a result of catastrophic events could also have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Ineffective management of environmental and sustainability issues, including climate change, and inadequate or ineffective
health and safety programs could damage our reputation, adversely impact our financial performance and lead to regulatory
action.
There is increasing stakeholder interest in sustainability considerations and how they are managed. Sustainability considerations
include climate change, human capital and labor management, corporate governance, diversity and privacy and data security,
among others. Increasingly, investors and lenders are incorporating sustainability considerations into their investment or lending
process, respectively, alongside traditional financial considerations. Investors or potential investors may not invest in all our
products given certain industries in which we operate. If we are unable to successfully integrate sustainability considerations into
our practices, we may incur a higher cost of capital, lower interest in our debt securities and/or equity securities or otherwise face
a negative impact on our business, operating results and cash flows and result in reputational damage.
Certain of our managed assets may be subject to compliance with laws, regulations, regulatory rules and/or guidance relating to
sustainability, and any failure to comply with these laws, regulations, regulatory rules or guidance could expose us to material
adverse consequences, including loss, limitations on our ability to undertake licensable business, legal liabilities, financial and
non-financial sanctions and penalties, and/or reputational damage. New sustainability requirements imposed by jurisdictions in
which we do business, such as the E.U. Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (2019/2088), could (a) result in additional
compliance costs, disclosure obligations or other implications or restrictions; and/or (b) impact our established business practices,
cost base and, by extension, our profitability.
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Sustainability-related requirements and market practices differ by region, industry and issue and are evolving dynamically, and
the sustainability requirements applicable to us, our managed assets or our assessment of such requirements or practices may
change over time. Under emerging sustainability requirements, we may be required to classify our businesses against, or
determine the alignment of underlying investments under, Sustainability-related legislative and regulatory criteria and
taxonomies, some of which can be open to subjective interpretation. Our view on the appropriate classifications may develop over
time, including in response to statutory or regulatory guidance or changes in industry approach to classification. A change to the
relevant classification may require further actions to be taken, for example it may require further disclosures, or it may require
new processes to be set up to capture data, which may lead to additional cost, disclosure obligations or other implications or
restrictions.
The transition to a lower-carbon economy has the potential to be disruptive to traditional business models and investment
strategies. Efforts to limit global warming may give rise to changes in regulations, reporting and consumer sentiment that could
have a negative impact on our existing operations by increasing the costs of operating our business or reducing demand for our
products and services. The adverse effects of climate change and related regulation at state, provincial, federal or international
levels could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
The ownership and operation of some of our managed assets carry varying degrees of inherent risk or liability related to worker
health and safety and the environment, including the risk of government-imposed orders to remedy unsafe conditions and
contaminated lands and potential civil liability. Compliance with health, safety and environmental standards and the requirements
set out in the relevant licenses, permits and other approvals obtained by the managed assets is crucial.
Our managed assets have incurred and will continue to incur significant capital and operating expenditures to comply with
sustainability requirements, including health and safety standards, to obtain and comply with licenses, permits and other
approvals, and to assess and manage potential liability exposure. Nevertheless, they may be unsuccessful in obtaining or
maintaining an important license, permit or other approval or become subject to government orders, investigations, inquiries or
other proceedings (including civil claims) relating to health, safety and environmental matters, any of which could have a material
adverse effect on us.
Health, safety and environmental laws and regulations can change rapidly and significantly, and we and/or our managed assets
may become subject to more stringent laws and regulations in the future. The occurrence of any adverse health, safety or
environmental event, or any changes, additions to, or more rigorous enforcement of, health, safety and environmental standards,
licenses, permits or other approvals could have a significant impact on operations and/or result in material expenditures.
Owners and operators of real assets may become liable for the costs of removal and remediation of certain hazardous substances
released or deposited on or in their properties, or at other locations regardless of whether the owner and operator caused the
release or deposit of such hazardous materials. These costs could be significant and could reduce cash available for our managed
assets. The failure to remove or remediate such substances, if any, could adversely affect our ability to sell our assets or to borrow
using these assets as collateral, and could potentially result in claims or other proceedings.
Certain of our managed assets are involved in using, handling or transporting substances that are toxic, combustible or otherwise
hazardous to the environment and may be in close proximity to environmentally sensitive areas or densely populated
communities. If a leak, spill or other environmental incident occurred, it could result in substantial fines or penalties being
imposed by regulatory authorities, revocation of licenses or permits required to operate the business, the imposition of more
stringent conditions in those licenses or permits or legal claims for compensation (including punitive damages) by affected
stakeholders.
Global sustainability challenges, such as carbon emissions, privacy and data security, demographic shifts and regulatory pressures
are introducing new risk factors for us that we may not have dealt with previously. We are also engaged with various
sustainability frameworks and organizations through which we have stated certain ambitions and commitments regarding
sustainability best practices. If we are unable to successfully manage our sustainability compliance, this could have a negative
impact on our reputation and our ability to raise capital and could be detrimental to our economic value and the value of our
managed assets.
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Failure to maintain the security of our information and technology systems could have a material adverse effect on us.
We rely on the use of technology and information systems, many of which are controlled by third-party service providers, which
may not be able to accommodate our growth or may increase in cost and may become subject to cyber-terrorism or other
compromises and shut-downs, and any failures or interruptions of these systems could adversely affect our businesses and results
of operations.
We and our managed assets operate in businesses that are dependent on information systems and other technology, such as
computer systems used for information storage, processing, administrative and commercial functions as well as the machinery and
other equipment used in certain parts of our operations. In addition, our managed assets rely on telecommunication services to
interface with their business networks and customers. The information and embedded systems of key business partners and
regulatory agencies are also important to our operations. We rely on this technology functioning as intended. Our information
systems and technology may not continue to be able to accommodate our growth, and the cost of maintaining such systems may
increase from its current level. Such a failure to accommodate growth, or an increase in costs related to such information systems,
could have a material adverse effect on us.
We rely heavily on certain financial, accounting, communications and other data processing systems. We collect, store and use
large amounts of sensitive information, including personally identifiable information, through our information technology
systems. Our information technology systems face ongoing cybersecurity threats and attacks, which could result in the failure of
such infrastructure. We may in the future be subject to cyber-terrorism or other cybersecurity risks or other breaches of
information technology security, noting the increasing frequency, sophistication and severity of these kinds of incidents. In
particular, our information technology systems may be subject to cyber terrorism intended to obtain unauthorized access to our
proprietary information, personally identifiable information or to client or third-party data stored on our systems, destroy or
disable our data, and/or that of our business partners, disclose confidential data in breach of data privacy legislation, destroy data
or disable, degrade or sabotage our systems, through the introduction of computer viruses, cyber-attacks and other means. Such
attacks could originate from a wide variety of sources, including internal actors or unknown third parties. Further, unauthorized
parties may also gain physical access to our facilities and infiltrate our information systems or attempt to gain access to
information and data. The sophistication of the threats continue to evolve and grow, including the risk associated with the use of
emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing, for nefarious purposes. We cannot predict what
effects such cyber-attacks or compromises or shut-downs may have on our business and on the privacy of the individuals or
entities affected, and the consequences could be material. Cyber incidents may remain undetected for an extended period, which
could exacerbate these consequences. A significant actual or potential theft, loss, corruption, exposure, fraudulent, unauthorized
or accidental use or misuse of investor, policyholder, employee or other personally identifiable or proprietary business data,
whether by third parties or as a result of employee malfeasance or otherwise, non-compliance with our contractual or other legal
obligations regarding such data or intellectual property or a violation of our privacy and security policies with respect to such data
could result in significant remediation and other costs, fines, litigation and regulatory actions against us by governments, various
regulatory organizations or exchanges, or affected individuals, in addition to significant reputational harm and/or financial loss,
and it may not be possible to recover losses suffered from such incidents under our insurance policies.
In addition, our operating equipment may not continue to perform as it has in the past, and there is a risk of equipment failure due
to wear and tear, latent defect, design or operator errors or early obsolescence, among other things.
A breach of our cyber security measures or the failure or malfunction of any of our computerized business systems, associated
backup or data storage systems could cause us to suffer a disruption in one or more parts of our business and experience, among
other things, financial loss, reputational damage, a loss of business opportunities, misappropriation or unauthorized release of
confidential or personal information, damage to our systems and those with whom we do business, violation of privacy and other
laws, litigation, regulatory penalties and remediation and restoration costs as well as increased costs to maintain our systems.
We are reliant on third party service providers for certain aspects of our business, including for the administration of certain funds
we manage, as well as for certain information systems and technology platforms, trustee services, legal services, technology,
administration, tax, accounting and compliance matters. A disaster, disruption or compromise in technology or infrastructure that
supports our managed assets, including a disruption involving electronic communications or other services used by us, our
vendors or third parties with whom we conduct business, may have an adverse impact on our ability to continue to manage our
assets without interruption which could have a material adverse effect on us. These risks could increase as vendors increasingly
offer cloud-based software services rather than software services that can be operated within our own data centers. These risks
also increase to the extent we engage with vendors and third-party services providers in jurisdictions with which we are not
familiar. In addition to the fact that these third-party service providers could also face ongoing cyber security threats and
compromises of their systems, we generally have less control over the delivery of such third-party services, and as a result, we
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may face disruptions to our ability to manage an asset as a result of interruptions of such services. A prolonged global failure of
cloud services provided by a variety of cloud services providers that we engage could result in cascading systems failures for us.
Although we are continuing to develop measures to ensure the integrity of our systems, we can provide no assurance that our
efforts or those of third-party service providers will be successful in protecting our systems and preventing or ameliorating
damage from a cyber incident.
Data protection and privacy rules have become a focus for regulators globally. For instance, the European General Data
Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) sets out data protection rules for individuals that are residents of the E.U. The GDPR imposes
stringent rules and penalties for non- compliance. Other countries where we operate are enacting or amending data protection,
artificial intelligence and other technology laws to empower regulators to impose financial penalties and injunctions on certain
data processing activities, which could have an adverse effect on our business.
We and our managed assets may become involved in legal disputes in Canada, the U.S. and internationally that could
adversely impact our financial performance and reputation.
In the normal course of our and our managed assets’ businesses, we become involved in various legal actions, including claims
relating to personal injury, property damage, property taxes, land rights and contract and other commercial disputes. The
investment decisions we make and the activities of our investment professionals on behalf of our managed assets may subject us
and our managed assets to the risk of third-party litigation. Further, we have significant operations in the U.S. which may, as a
result of the prevalence of litigation in the U.S., be more susceptible to legal action than certain of our other competitors.
The final outcome with respect to outstanding, pending or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, and the resolution
of such actions may have an adverse effect on our financial position or results of our operations in a particular quarter or fiscal
year. Any litigation may consume substantial amounts of our management’s time and attention, and that time and the devotion of
these resources to litigation may, at times, be disproportionate to the amounts at stake in the litigation. Even if ultimately
unsuccessful against us, any litigation has the potential to adversely affect our business, including by damaging our reputation.
Losses not covered by insurance may be large, which could adversely impact the assets under management.
We and our managed assets carry various insurance policies in relation to our respective business activities. These policies contain
policy specifications, limits and deductibles that may mean that such policies do not provide coverage or sufficient coverage
against all potential material losses. We or those also part of the group policy may also self-insure a portion of certain of these
risks, and therefore we may not be able to recover from a third-party insurer in the event that we, if we had separate insurance
coverage from a third party, could make a claim for recovery. There are certain types of risk (generally of a catastrophic nature
such as war or environmental contamination) that are either uninsurable or not economically insurable. Further, there are certain
types of risk for which insurance coverage is not equal to the full replacement cost of the insured assets.
Should any uninsured or underinsured loss occur, we could lose our anticipated profits and cash flows from one or more of our
assets under management.
We also carry directors’ and officers’ liability insurance (“D&O insurance”) for losses or advancement of defense costs in the
event a legal action is brought against our directors, officers or employees for alleged wrongful acts in their capacity as directors,
officers or employees. Our D&O insurance contains certain customary exclusions that may make it unavailable for us in the event
it is needed; and in any case our D&O insurance may not be adequate to fully protect us against liability for the conduct of our
directors, officers or employees. We may also self-insure a portion of our D&O insurance, and therefore we may not be able to
recover from a third-party insurer in the event that we, if we had D&O insurance from a third-party insurer, could make a claim
for recovery.
For economic efficiency and other reasons, we may enter into insurance policies as a group (which may include the Corporation)
that are intended to provide coverage for the entire group. Where group policies are in place, any payments under such policy
could have a negative impact on other entities covered under the policy as they may not be able to access adequate insurance in
the event it is needed. While management attempts to design coverage limits under group policies to ensure that all entities
covered under a policy have access to sufficient insurance coverage, there are no guarantees that these efforts will be effective in
obtaining this result.
Inability to collect amounts owing to us could adversely impact financial performance.
Third parties may not fulfill their payment obligations to us, which could include money, securities or other assets, thereby
impacting our operations and financial results. These parties include deal and trading counterparties, governmental agencies,
customers and financial intermediaries. Third parties may default on their obligations to us due to bankruptcy, lack of liquidity,
operational failure, general economic conditions or other reasons.
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We manage assets that loan money to distressed companies, either privately or via an investment in publicly traded debt
securities. As a result, we actively take heightened credit risk in other entities from time to time and whether we realize
satisfactory investment returns on these loans is uncertain and may be beyond our control. If some of these debt investments fail,
our financial performance could be negatively impacted.
Investors in our private funds, including the Corporation and its affiliates, make capital commitments to these vehicles through the
execution of subscription agreements. When a private fund makes an investment, these capital commitments are then satisfied by
our investors via capital contributions. Investors in our private funds may default on their capital commitment obligations, which
could have an adverse impact on our earnings or result in other negative implications to our business and our managed assets,
such as the requirement to redeploy our own capital to cover such obligations. This impact would be magnified if the investor that
does so is in multiple funds.
Information barriers may give rise to certain conflicts and risks and investment teams managing the activities of businesses
that operate on opposite sides of an information barrier will not be aware of, and will not have the ability to manage, such
conflicts and risks.
Certain of our investment professionals operate largely independently of one another pursuant to an information barrier. The
information barrier restricts businesses on opposite sides from coordinating or consulting with one another with respect to
investment activities and/or decisions. Accordingly, these businesses manage their investment operations independently of each
other. The investment activities and decisions made by a business on one side of an information barrier are not expected to be
subject to any internal approvals by any person who would have knowledge and/or decision-making control of the investment
activities and decisions made by a business on the other side of the information barrier. This absence of coordination and
consultation will give rise to certain conflicts and risks in connection with the activities of the businesses within our asset
management strategies and make it more difficult to mitigate, ameliorate or avoid such situations. These conflicts (and potential
conflicts) of interests may include: (i) competing from time to time for the same investment opportunities, (ii) the pursuit by a
business on one side of the information barrier of investment opportunities suitable for a business on the other side of the
information barrier, without making such opportunities available to such business, and (iii) the formation or establishment of new
strategies or products that could compete or otherwise conduct their affairs without regard as to whether or not they adversely
impact the strategies or products of businesses operating on the other side of the information barrier. Investment teams managing
the activities of businesses that operate on opposite sides of an information barrier are not expected to be aware of, and will not
have the need or ability to manage, such conflicts which may impact the investment strategy, performance and investment returns
of certain businesses within our asset management strategies.
The investment professionals that operate on opposite sides of an information barrier are likely to be deemed affiliates for
purposes of certain laws and regulations notwithstanding that they may be operationally independent from one another. The
information barrier does not eliminate the requirement to aggregate certain investment holdings for certain securities laws and
other regulatory purposes. This may result in, among other things, earlier public disclosure of investments; restrictions on
transactions (including the ability to make or dispose of certain investments at certain times); potential short-swing profit
disgorgement; penalties and/or regulatory remedies; or adverse effects on the prices of investments for our investment
professionals’ businesses that operate on the other side of such information barrier.
Although these information barriers are intended to address the potential conflicts of interests and regulatory, legal and
contractual requirements applicable to us, we may decide, at any time and without notice to our shareholders, to remove or modify
the information barriers. In addition, there may be breaches (including inadvertent breaches) of the information barriers and
related internal controls. In the event that the information barrier is removed or modified, it would be expected that we will adopt
certain protocols designed to address potential conflicts and other considerations relating to the management of the investment
activities of those businesses that previously operated on opposite sides of an information barrier. See “Risks Relating to the
Manager — Our organizational and ownership structure may create conflicts of interest that may be resolved in a manner that is
not in the best interests of our company or the best interests of our shareholders”.
The breach or failure of our information barriers could result in the sharing of material non-public information between
investment professionals that operate on opposite sides of an information barrier, which may restrict the acquisition or disposition
activities of one of our strategies and ultimately impact the returns generated for our investors. In addition, any such breach or
failure could also result in potential regulatory investigations and claims for securities laws violations in connection with our
direct and/or indirect investment activities. Any inadvertent trading on material non-public information, or perception of trading
on material non-public information by our personnel, could have a significant adverse effect on our reputation, result in the
imposition of regulatory or financial sanctions and negatively impact our ability to raise third-party capital and provide investment
management services to our clients, all of which could result in negative financial impact to our investment activities.
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We face risks specific to our renewable power and transition strategies.
Our renewable power and transition strategies invest in assets that are subject to changes in the weather, hydrology and price, but
also include risks related to equipment or dam failure, counterparty performance, water rental costs, land rental costs, changes in
regulatory requirements and other material disruptions.
The revenues generated by the power facilities we manage are correlated to the amount of electricity generated, which in turn is
dependent upon available water flows, wind, irradiance and other elements beyond our control. Hydrology, wind and irradiance
levels vary naturally from year to year and may also change permanently because of climate change or other factors. It is therefore
possible that low water, wind and irradiance levels at certain of our power generating operations could occur at any time and
potentially continue for indefinite periods.
A portion of the renewable power and transition revenue is tied, either directly or indirectly, to the wholesale market price for
electricity, which is impacted by a number of external factors beyond our control. Additionally, a portion of the power that is
generated is sold under long-term power purchase agreements, shorter-term financial instruments and physical electricity
contracts which are intended to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in wholesale electricity prices; however, they may not be
effective in achieving this outcome. Certain of the power purchase agreements of our managed assets will be subject to re-
contracting in the future. If the price of electricity in power markets is declining at the time of such re-contracting, it may impact
our ability to re-negotiate or replace these contracts on terms that are acceptable to us. Conversely, what appears to be an
attractive price at the time of re-contracting could, if power prices rise over the power purchase agreement’s term, result in us
having committed to sell power in the future at below market rate. If we are unable to re-negotiate or replace these contracts, or
unable to secure prices at least equal to the current prices we receive, our business, financial condition, results of operation and
prospects could be adversely affected.
In our renewable power and transition portfolio, there is a risk of equipment failure due to severe weather conditions (including as
a result of climate change), wear and tear, latent defect, design error or operator error, among other things. The occurrence of such
failures could result in a loss of generating capacity and repairing such failures could require the expenditure of significant capital
and other resources. Failures could also result in exposure to significant liability for damages due to harm to the environment, to
the public generally or to specific third parties. Equipment that our renewable power and transition operations need, including
spare parts and components required for project development, may become unavailable or difficult to procure, inhibiting our
ability to maintain full availability of existing plants and also our ability to complete development projects on scope, schedule and
budget.
In certain cases, some catastrophic events may not excuse us from performing our obligations pursuant to agreements with third
parties and we may be liable for damages or suffer further losses as a result.
Our renewable power and transition portfolio is exposed to performance and operational risks in respect of certain nuclear
technologies. The nuclear fuel and power industries are heavily regulated and could be significantly impacted by changes in
government policies and priorities such as increased regulation and/or more onerous operating requirements that negatively
impact our nuclear technology services. A future accident at a nuclear reactor could result in the shutdown of existing plants or
impact the continued acceptance by the public and regulatory authorities of nuclear energy and the future prospects for nuclear
generators. Accidents, terrorism, natural disasters or other incidents occurring at nuclear facilities or involving shipments of
nuclear materials could reduce the demand for nuclear technology services.
The ability of the platforms we manage to develop greenfield renewable power projects in our development pipeline may be
affected by a number of factors, including the state of capital markets, the ability to secure project financing (including from
equity investors and through tax and other government incentives), the ability to secure approvals, licenses and permits and the
ability to secure a long-term power purchase agreement or other sales contracts on reasonable terms. The development of our
pipeline of greenfield renewable power projects is also subject to environmental, engineering and construction risks that could
result in cost-overruns, delays and reduced performance.
New regulatory initiatives related to sustainability could adversely impact our managed assets. While we believe that regulatory
initiatives and market trends towards an increased focus on sustainability are generally beneficial to our renewable power and
transition group, any such regulatory initiatives also have the potential to adversely impact us. For example, regulatory initiatives
seeking to reorient investment toward sustainability by regulating green financial products could have the effect of increasing
burdensome disclosure requirements around sustainability and prescribing approaches to sustainability policies that are
inconsistent with our current practices. If regulators disagree with the sustainability disclosures that we make, or with the
categorization of our financial products, we may face regulatory enforcement action, and our business or reputation could be
adversely affected.
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We face risks specific to our infrastructure strategies.
Our infrastructure managed assets include utilities, transport, midstream and data businesses.
Our infrastructure assets include toll roads, telecommunication towers, electricity transmission systems, terminal operations,
electricity and gas distribution companies, residential infrastructure, rail networks, ports and data centers. The principal risks
facing the regulated and unregulated businesses comprising our infrastructure assets relate to government regulation, general
economic conditions and other material disruptions, counterparty performance and capital expenditure requirements.
Many of the infrastructure assets we manage are subject to government regulation, including with respect to revenues and
environmental sustainability. If any of the respective regulators in the jurisdictions in which we operate decides to change the tolls
or rates we are allowed to charge or the amounts of the provisions we are allowed to collect, we may not be able to earn the rate of
return on our investments that we had planned, or we may not be able to recover our initial cost.
With environmental regulation becoming more stringent, our managed assets may become subject to increasing environmental
responsibility and liability. These regulations may result in increased costs to our managed assets that may not be able to be
passed onto their customers and may have an adverse impact on prospects for growth of some businesses.
General economic conditions (including those resulting from climate change and severe weather conditions) affect international
demand for the commodities handled and services provided by operators in our infrastructure managed assets. A downturn in the
economy generally or specific to any of our infrastructure managed assets, may lead to a reduction in volumes, disruption to
business, bankruptcies or liquidations of one or more large customers, which could reduce our revenues, increase our bad debt
expense, reduce our ability to make capital expenditures or have other adverse effects on us.
Some of our managed assets have customer contracts as well as concession agreements in place with public and private sector
clients. Our managed assets with customer contracts could be adversely affected by any material change in the assets, financial
condition or results of operations of such customers. Protecting the quality of our revenue streams through the inclusion of take-
or-pay or guaranteed minimum volume provisions into our contracts is not always possible or fully effective.
Some of our managed assets may require substantial capital expenditures to maintain their asset base. Any failure to make
necessary expenditures to maintain their operations could impair their ability to serve existing customers or accommodate
increased volumes. In addition, we may not be able to recover investments in capital expenditures based upon the rates our
operations are able to charge.
We face risks specific to our private equity strategies.
The principal risks for our private equity managed assets are potential loss of invested capital as well as insufficient investment or
fee income to cover operating expenses and cost of capital. Our private equity platform is invested in industrial operations,
business services operations and infrastructure services operations, many of which can be cyclical and/or illiquid and therefore
may be difficult to monetize at our discretion, limiting our flexibility to react to changing economic or investment conditions. In
addition, increasingly we have certain managed assets that provide goods and services directly to consumers across a variety of
industries. These businesses are prone to greater liabilities, as well as reputational, litigation and other risks by virtue of being
more public-facing and reliant on their ability to develop and preserve consumer relationships and achieve consumer satisfaction.
Unfavorable economic conditions could negatively impact the ability of our managed assets to repay debt. Adverse economic
conditions facing our managed assets may adversely impact the value of our investments or deplete our financial or management
resources. These investments are also subject to the risks inherent in the underlying businesses, some of which are facing difficult
business conditions and may continue to do so for the foreseeable future. These risks are compounded by recent growth, as new
acquisitions have increased the scale and scope of our operations, including in new geographic areas and industry sectors, and we
may have difficulty managing these additional operations.
We may deploy our client’s capital in managed assets that are experiencing significant financial or business difficulties, including
companies involved in work-outs, liquidations, spin-outs, reorganizations, bankruptcies and similar transactions. Such an
investment entails the risk that the transaction will be unsuccessful, will take considerable time or will result in a distribution of
cash or new securities, the value of which may be less than the purchase price of the securities in respect of which such
distribution is received. In addition, if an anticipated transaction does not occur, we may be required to sell our investment at a
loss. These managed assets may become subject to legal and/or regulatory proceedings and our investment may be adversely
affected by external events beyond our control, leading to legal, indemnification or other expenses.
We have several managed assets that operate in the highly competitive service industry. A wide variety of micro and
macroeconomic factors affecting our clients and over which we have no control can impact how these companies operate. For
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example, our Canadian residential mortgage insurer is subject to significant regulation and may be adversely affected by changes
in government policy. The majority of the revenue from our healthcare services operation is derived from private health insurance
funds, which may be affected by a deterioration in the economic climate, a change in economic incentives, increases in private
health insurance premiums and other factors. In addition, alternative technologies in the health care industry could impact the
demand for, or use of, our services and could impair or eliminate the competitive advantage of our businesses in this industry.
Our infrastructure services operations include companies in lottery services, marine transportation and scaffolding services. Our
lottery services operation is heavily dependent on long-term contracts and failure to win, maintain and renew these contracts could
substantially impact revenue. Our lottery services operation also often requires entering into strategic relationships with third
parties, including competitors, which we do not control, and which may have inconsistent business interests or goals from us.
Marine transportation and oil production is inherently risky, particularly in the extreme conditions in which many of our vessels
operate. An incident involving significant loss of product or environmental contamination by any of our vessels could harm our
reputation and business. Our scaffolding services business is subject to the risks inherent to construction operations, including
risks relating to seasonal fluctuations in the demand for our services, a dependence on labor and performance being materially
impacted by a lack of availability of labor force or increases in the cost of labor available, and operational hazards that could
result in personal injury or death, work stoppage or serious property and equipment damage.
We face risks specific to our real estate strategies.
Our real estate strategies invest in commercial properties and are therefore exposed to certain risks inherent in the commercial real
estate business. Commercial real estate investments are subject to varying degrees of risk depending on the nature of the property.
These risks include changes in general economic conditions (such as the availability and cost of mortgage capital), local
conditions (such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for real estate in the markets in which we operate), the
attractiveness of the properties to tenants, competition from other landlords and our ability to provide adequate maintenance at an
economical cost.
Certain expenditures, including property taxes, maintenance costs, mortgage payments, insurance costs and related charges, must
be made whether or not a property is producing sufficient income to service these expenses. These commercial properties are
typically subject to mortgages that require debt service payments. If we become unable or unwilling to meet mortgage payments
on any property, losses could be sustained as a result of the mortgagee’s exercise of its rights of foreclosure or of sale.
Continuation of rental income is dependent on favorable leasing markets to ensure expiring leases are renewed and new tenants
are found promptly to fill vacancies. It is possible that we may face a disproportionate amount of space expiring in any one year.
Additionally, rental rates could decline, tenant bankruptcies could increase and tenant renewals may not be achieved, particularly
in the event of an economic slowdown.
Our real estate strategies invest in businesses that operate in industries or geographies that may be impacted by a local, regional,
national or international outbreak of a contagious disease. Adverse impacts on our managed assets may also include:
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a complete or partial closure of, or other operational issues at, one or more of our properties resulting from government
or tenant action and climate change events including hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis and other natural and man-made
disasters;
a slowdown in business activity may severely impact our tenants’ businesses, financial condition and liquidity and may
cause one or more of our tenants to be unable to fund their business operations, meet their obligations to us in full, or at
all, or to otherwise seek modifications of such obligations;
an increase in re-leasing timelines, potential delays in lease-up of vacant space and the market rates at which such lease
will be executed;
reduced economic activity could result in a prolonged recession, which could negatively impact consumer discretionary
spending; and
expected completion dates for our development and redevelopment projects may be subject to delay as a result of the
disruption of local economic conditions.
The retail real estate assets in our managed assets are susceptible to any economic factors that have a negative impact on
consumer spending. Lower consumer spending would have an unfavorable effect on the sales of our retail tenants, which could
result in their inability or unwillingness to make all payments owing to us, and on our ability to keep existing tenants and attract
new tenants. Significant expenditures associated with each equity investment in real estate assets, such as mortgage payments,
property taxes and maintenance costs, are generally not reduced when there is a reduction in income from the investment, so our
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income and cash flow would be adversely affected by a decline in income from our retail properties. In addition, low occupancy
or sales at our retail properties, as a result of competition or otherwise, could result in termination of or reduced rent payable
under certain of our retail leases, which could adversely affect our retail property revenues.
The hospitality and multifamily assets in our managed assets are subject to a range of operating risks common to these industries,
many of which are outside our control, and the profitability of our investments in these industries may be adversely affected by
these factors. For example, our hospitality business faces risks relating to climate change; hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis and
other natural and man-made disasters; the potential spread of contagious diseases; and insect infestations more common to rental
accommodations. Such factors could limit or reduce the demand for or the prices our hospitality properties are able to obtain for
their accommodations or could increase our costs and therefore reduce the profitability of our hospitality businesses. There are
numerous housing alternatives that compete with our multifamily properties, including other multifamily properties as well as
condominiums and single-family homes. This competitive environment could have a material adverse effect on our ability to lease
apartment homes at our present properties or any newly developed or acquired real estate, as well as on the rents realized.
Risks Related to Taxation
Changes in Canadian federal income tax law might adversely affect the Manager and/or Holders of Class A Shares.
There can be no assurance that Canadian federal income tax laws, the judicial interpretation thereof, or the administrative policies
and assessing practices of the CRA will not be changed in a manner that adversely affects the Manager and/or Holders of Class A
Shares. Any such developments could have a material adverse effect on the Holders of Class A Shares or our business, financial
condition and results of operations.
Reassessments by tax authorities or changes in tax laws could create additional tax costs for us.
We operate in countries with differing tax laws and tax rates. Our tax reporting is supported by tax laws in the countries in which
we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting is
subject to audit by tax authorities in the countries in which we operate. Our effective tax rate may change from year to year, based
on changes in the mix of activities and income earned among the different jurisdictions in which we operate, changes in tax laws
in these jurisdictions, changes in the tax treaties between the countries in which we operate, changes in our eligibility for benefits
under those tax treaties, and changes in the estimated values of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Tax laws, regulations and
administrative practices in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change, with or without notice, due to economic,
political and other conditions, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals for
these taxes. Such changes could result in a substantial increase in the effective tax rate on all or a portion of our income.
Governments around the world increasingly seek to regulate multinational companies and the application of differential tax rates
between jurisdictions. This effort includes a greater emphasis by various nations on coordinating and sharing information
regarding companies and the taxes they pay. A number of countries across the globe have also agreed to implement a “two pillar”
plan for global tax reform, developed by the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS, to address perceived base erosion and
profit shifting (“BEPS”) by some multinational groups. Governmental taxation reforms, policies and practices could adversely
affect us and, depending on the nature of such reforms, policies and practices, including the implementation of the BEPS
proposals in the jurisdictions in which we operate, could have an impact on us. As a result of this increased focus on the use of tax
planning by multinational companies, our company could be subject to negative media coverage, which may adversely impact our
reputation.
To preserve the intended Canadian and U.S. federal income tax treatment of the arrangement undertaken to implement the special
distribution of the asset management business (“Arrangement”), the Manager agreed to certain restrictions that may significantly
reduce its strategic and operating flexibility. In connection with the Arrangement, the Corporation engaged in various
restructuring transactions (the “Pre-Arrangement Reorganization”). To preserve the intended Canadian federal income tax
treatment of these transactions as generally tax deferred under the Income Tax Act (Canada), the Manager, the Corporation and
their subsidiaries are prohibited for a period of two years following the effective date of the Arrangement, except in specific
circumstances, from taking any action, omitting to take any action or entering into any transaction that could cause the Pre-
Arrangement Reorganization, the Arrangement or certain other transactions occurring in conjunction therewith to be taxed in a
manner that is inconsistent with that provided for in an opinion of counsel addressed to the board of directors of the Corporation
and the board of directors of the Manager confirming the Canadian federal income tax consequences of certain aspects of the Pre-
Arrangement Reorganization and the Arrangement to the parties thereto. To preserve the intended U.S. federal income tax
treatment of these transactions, for a period of time following the Arrangement, the Manager covenanted with the Corporation and
others, except in specific circumstances, not to take certain actions that would prevent certain steps pursuant to the Arrangement
from qualifying as a transaction that is generally tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The foregoing restrictions may
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limit for a period of time the Manager’s ability to pursue certain strategic transactions or other transactions that it believes to be in
the best interests of our shareholders or that might increase the value of our business.
If the Manager is classified as a passive foreign investment company, U.S. persons who own Class A Shares could be subject
to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.
If the Manager is classified as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a U.S. Holder that owns Class A Shares could be
subject to adverse tax consequences, including a greater tax liability than might otherwise apply, an interest charge on certain
taxes deemed deferred as a result of the Manager’s non-U.S. status and additional U.S. tax reporting obligations. In general, a
non-U.S. corporation will be a PFIC during a taxable year if, taking into account the income and assets of certain of its affiliates,
(i) 75% or more of its gross income constitutes passive income or (ii) 50% or more of its assets produce, or are held for the
production of, passive income. Passive income generally includes interest, dividends and other investment income.
Based on its current and expected income, assets and activities, the Manager does not expect to be classified as a PFIC for the
current taxable year or in the foreseeable future. However, the determination of whether the Manager is a PFIC depends upon the
composition of its income and assets and the nature of its activities from time to time and must be made annually as of the close of
each taxable year. The PFIC determination also depends on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules that are
subject to differing interpretations. Thus, there can be no assurance that the Manager will not be classified as a PFIC for any
taxable year, or that the IRS or a court will agree with the Manager’s determination as to its PFIC status. U.S. Holders are urged
to consult their tax advisers regarding the application of the PFIC rules, including the related reporting requirements and the
advisability of making any available election under the PFIC rules, with respect to their ownership and disposition of Class A
Shares.
Tax laws and regulations may change in the jurisdictions in which we operate, which may affect the effective tax rate on all or
a portion of our income.
We operate in countries with differing tax laws and tax rates. Our tax reporting is supported by tax laws in the countries in which
we operate and the application of tax treaties between the various countries in which we operate. Our income tax reporting is
subject to audit by tax authorities in the countries in which we operate. Our effective tax rate may change from year to year, based
on (i) changes in the mix of activities and income earned among the different jurisdictions in which we operate, (ii) changes in tax
laws in these jurisdictions, (iii) changes in the tax treaties between the countries in which we operate, (iv) changes in our
eligibility for benefits under those tax treaties, and (v) changes in the estimated values of deferred tax assets and liabilities. Tax
laws, regulations and administrative practices in various jurisdictions may be subject to significant change, with or without notice,
due to economic, political and other conditions, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision
and accruals for these taxes. Such changes could result in a substantial increase in the effective tax rate on all or a portion of our
income.
To preserve the intended Canadian and U.S. federal income tax treatment of the Arrangement, the Manager agreed to certain
restrictions that may significantly reduce its strategic and operating flexibility.
The Corporation engaged in various restructuring transactions in connection with the Arrangement. To preserve the intended
Canadian federal income tax treatment of these transactions, as generally tax deferred under the Tax Act, the Corporation, the
Manager and their subsidiaries (including the Asset Management Company) are prohibited for a period of two years following the
effective date of the Arrangement, except in specific circumstances, from taking any action, omitting to take any action or
entering into any transaction that could cause the Pre-Arrangement Reorganization, the Arrangement or certain other transactions
occurring in conjunction therewith to be taxed in a manner that is inconsistent with that provided for in the legal opinion
addressed to the board of directors of the Corporation and the Board confirming the Canadian federal income tax consequences of
certain aspects of the Pre-Arrangement Reorganization and the Arrangement to the parties thereto. To preserve the intended U.S.
federal income tax treatment of these transactions, for a period of time following the Arrangement, the Manager covenanted with
the Corporation and others, except in specific circumstances, not to take certain actions that would prevent certain steps pursuant
to the Arrangement from qualifying as a transaction that is generally tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Section
355(a) of the Code. The foregoing restrictions may limit for a period of time the Manager’s ability to pursue certain strategic
transactions or other transactions that it believes to be in the best interests of its shareholders or that might increase the value of its
business.
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Unless otherwise specified, information provided in this Management's Discussion and Analysis (this “MD&A”) is as of December
31, 2023. Unless the context requires otherwise, when used in this MD&A, the terms “we”, “us”, “our” means our asset management
business and the Manager, individually or collectively, where applicable, and the term “Corporation” means Brookfield Corporation
and its subsidiaries (including the perpetual affiliates (as defined below)) other than the Asset Management Company (as defined
below) and its subsidiaries and does not, for greater certainty, include the Manager, Brookfield Reinsurance (as defined below) or
Oaktree and their affiliates. The term "Brookfield" means the Corporation, the Manager and the Asset Management Company,
collectively.
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Unless the context suggests otherwise, references to:
“MSOP” means the 2022 Management Share Option Plan of the Manager adopted on December 9, 2022;
“Arrangement” means the court approved plan of arrangement of the Corporation as a result of which (i) the shareholders of
the Corporation, while retaining their shares of the Corporation, became shareholders of the Manager, which acquired a 25%
interest in our asset management business through common shares of the Asset Management Company, and (ii) the
Corporation changed its name from “Brookfield Asset Management Inc.” to “Brookfield Corporation”;
“Asset Management Company” means Brookfield Asset Management ULC;
“Asset Management Services Agreement” means the agreement dated November 8, 2022 between the Manager and the
Asset Management Company to govern the provision of services by the Manager’s employees to the Asset Management
Company on a cost recovery basis under a perpetual agreement, as further described in Note 1 “Organization” of the
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager;
“Assets Under Management” or “AUM” has the meaning ascribed thereto under Part 3 “Key Financial and Operating
Measures”;
“BBU” means Brookfield Business Partners L.P., together with its subsidiaries including its paired corporation, Brookfield
Business Corporation;
“BEP” means Brookfield Renewable Partners L.P., together with its subsidiaries including its paired corporation, Brookfield
Renewable Corporation;
“BIP” means Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P., together with its subsidiaries including its paired corporation,
Brookfield Infrastructure Corporation;
“Board” means the board of directors of the Manager;
“BPG” means Brookfield Property Group, including BPY and the Corporation’s wholly owned real estate directly held
entities;
“BPY” means Brookfield Property Partners L.P., together with its subsidiaries;
“Brookfield Reinsurance” means Brookfield Reinsurance Ltd. (formerly known as Brookfield Asset Management
Reinsurance Partners Ltd.);
“Class A Shares” means the class A limited voting shares in the capital of the Manager;
“Class B Shares” means the class B limited voting shares in the capital of the Manager;
“Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
“Code of Conduct” means the code of business conduct and ethics of the Manager;
“Corporation” means Brookfield Corporation and its subsidiaries (including the perpetual affiliates) other than the Asset
Management Company and its subsidiaries and does not, for greater certainty, include the Manager, Brookfield Reinsurance
or Oaktree and their subsidiaries;
“CRA” means the Canada Revenue Agency;
“Distributable Earnings” is intended to represent the cash available for distribution to shareholders or to be reinvested by
the Manager or the Asset Management Company, as applicable. Distributable Earnings of the Manager represent its share of
Distributable Earnings from the Asset Management Company less general and administrative expenses, but excluding equity-
based compensation costs, of the Manager. Distributable Earnings of the Asset Management Company is calculated as the
sum of its Fee-Related Earnings, realized carried interest, realized principal investments, interest expense, and general and
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administrative expenses; excluding equity-based compensation costs and depreciation and amortization. For a discussion of
the Manager’s and our asset management business’ calculation of Distributable Earnings, see Part 3 “Key Financial and
Operating Measures”;
“EDGAR” means the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval system at www.sec.gov;
“Fed” means the Federal Reserve System, or the central banking system of the United States;
“Fee-Bearing Capital” has the meaning ascribed thereto under Part 3 “Key Financial and Operating Measures”;
“Fee Revenues” has the meaning ascribed thereto under Part 3 “Key Financial and Operating Measures”;
“Investment Company Act” means the United States Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;
“IRS” means the United States Internal Revenue Service;
“managed assets” means the businesses, operations and other assets managed by the Corporation prior to completion of the
Arrangement and to be managed by the Manager and our asset management business following completion of the
Arrangement;
“Manager” means Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. and its consolidated subsidiaries;
“Manager Credit Facility” means the credit agreement dated November 8, 2022 between the Manager and the Asset
Management Company, pursuant to which the Asset Management Company has provided a five-year revolving $500 million
credit facility to the Manager, as further described under Part 7 “Liquidity and Capital Resources”;
“mature fund” means manager funds which were already significantly deployed upon completion of the Arrangement;
“new sponsored fund” or “new fund” means all manager funds launched on or after the date of the Arrangement;
“NYSE” means the New York Stock Exchange;
“Oaktree” means Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., together with its affiliates, Oaktree Capital II, L.P. General ("OCM II
General"), Oaktree Capital II, L.P. Manager ("OCM II Manager"), Oaktree Capital II, L.P New Fund ("OCM II New Fund"),
Oaktree AIF Investments, L.P., Oaktree Capital Management (Cayman) L.P. and Oaktree Investment Holdings, L.P. and their
consolidated subsidiaries;
“our asset management business” means the global alternative asset management business previously carried on by the
Corporation and its subsidiaries, which, following completion of the Arrangement, is owned approximately 75% by the
Corporation and approximately 25% by the Manager through their ownership of common shares of the Asset Management
Company;
“parent” means Brookfield Corporation, unless otherwise indicated;
“perpetual affiliates” means BEP, BIP, BBU and BPY;
“PFIC” means a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
“Pre-Arrangement Reorganization” means the preliminary transactions to reorganize the business of Brookfield
Corporation (formerly known as Brookfield Asset Management Inc.) that have been undertaken to facilitate the Arrangement;
“Relationship Agreement” means the agreement dated November 8, 2022 among the Corporation, the Manager and the
Asset Management Company to govern aspects of their relationship following the Arrangement, as further described under
Note 1 “Organization” of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager;
“Sarbanes-Oxley Act” or “Sarbanes-Oxley” means the United States Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended;
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;
“SEDAR+” means the System for Electronic Data Analysis and Retrieval + at www.sedarplus.ca;
“SOFR” means the Secured Overnight Financing Rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (or a successor
administrator);
“Tax Act” means the Income Tax Act (Canada);
“Transitional Services Agreement” means the agreement dated November 8, 2022 among the Corporation, the Manager
and the Asset Management Company described under Note 1 “Organization” of the Consolidated Financial Statements of the
Manager;
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“TSX” means the Toronto Stock Exchange;
“U.K.” or “United Kingdom” means the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
“U.S. Exchange Act” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations
promulgated from time to time thereunder;
“U.S. GAAP” means the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States;
“U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of Class A Shares that for U.S. federal income tax purposes is: (1) an individual who is a
citizen or resident of the United states, (2) a corporation (or other entity classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
purposes) created or organized in the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (3) an estate the income of
which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or (4) a trust if (i) a court within the United States is
able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to
control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (ii) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury
Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
“U.S. Securities Act” means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated
from time to time thereunder; and
“Voting Agreement” means the agreement dated December 9, 2022 between the Corporation and the Manager providing for
the election of directors of the Asset Management Company.
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BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND AS
AT AND FOR THE PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022
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INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Management of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. (the "Manager") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate
internal control over financial reporting as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Internal control over
financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial
Officer and effected by the Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Manager’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based
on the criteria set forth in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management concludes that, as of December 31, 2023, the Manager’s
internal control over financial reporting is effective.
The Manager’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, has been audited by Deloitte LLP, the
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, who also audited the Manager’s consolidated financial statements for the year
ended December 31, 2023. As stated in the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Deloitte LLP expressed an
unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Manager’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023.
/s/ Bruce Flatt
Bruce Flatt
Chief Executive Officer
March 19, 2024
Toronto, Canada
/s/ Bahir Manios
Bahir Manios
Chief Financial Officer
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. and subsidiaries (the
“Company”) as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained,
in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in
Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2023, of the Company and our report
dated March 19, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report
on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be
independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all
material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that
a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed
risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Deloitte LLP
Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Canada
March 19, 2024
106
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. and subsidiaries (the
“Company”) as at December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity, and
cash flows, for the year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022, and the related notes
(collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects,
the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the
year ended December 31, 2023 and for the period from July 4, 2022 to December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States)
(PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal
Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our
report dated March 19, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to
be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to
error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that was
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material
to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of
critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by
communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or
disclosures to which it relates.
Accounting for Equity Method Investment in Brookfield Asset Management ULC – Refer to Notes 2 and 3 to the financial
statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company has an approximate 25% interest in Brookfield Asset Management ULC and the remaining approximate 75% interest is
held by Brookfield Corporation. The Company has accounted for its interest in Brookfield Asset Management ULC under the equity
method of accounting as it is deemed to exert significant influence over the investee. The carrying value of the equity method
investment is determined based on the amounts invested by the Company, adjusted for the equity in earnings or losses of the investee
allocated based on the relevant agreements, less distributions received and impairment losses, if any.
We identified the accounting for the equity method investment as a critical audit matter because of the significance of the equity
method investment and earnings impact to the Company’s financial statements. This required an increased extent of audit effort,
including the need to involve the auditor of Brookfield Asset Management ULC and senior members of the engagement team.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to accounting for the equity method investment in Brookfield Asset Management ULC included the
following, among others:
107
•
•
•
•
Tested the effectiveness of controls related to the accounting for the equity method investment in Brookfield Asset
Management ULC, which includes management’s receipt and review of Brookfield Asset Management ULC financial
information;
Evaluated significant judgments and estimates at the underlying equity method investment through oversight of the auditor of
Brookfield Asset Management ULC by obtaining and assessing information from the auditor to understand significant
judgments and estimates, significant findings or issues identified, actions taken to address them, and conclusions reached;
Agreed the underlying information related to the changes in the equity method investment to the audited financial statements
of Brookfield Asset Management ULC; and
Performed procedures to evaluate subsequent events related to the equity method investment and to assess their impact, if
any, on the financial information, up to the date of our auditor’s report on the Company’s financial statements.
/s/ Deloitte LLP
Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Canada
March 19, 2024
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2022.
108
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................................................................................ $
Due from affiliates ............................................................................................................................
Other assets .......................................................................................................................................
Investment in Brookfield Asset Management ULC .........................................................................
Total assets ...................................................................................................................................... $
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities ......................................................................................... $
Due to affiliates ................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities ................................................................................................................................
Commitment and contingencies
Equity
Common Stock:
Class A (unlimited authorized and 413,026,253 issued and 388,733,466 outstanding) ..
Class B (unlimited authorized and 21,280 issued and outstanding) ................................
Class A held in treasury (24,292,787 shares) ..................................................................
Additional paid-in-capital ..............................................................................................................
Retained (deficit) earnings .............................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive income ...................................................................................
Total common equity ........................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest .................................................................................................................
Total equity .......................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities, non-controlling interest and equity ................................................................... $
2023
2022
9 $
886
40
2,270
3,205 $
859 $
261
1,120
2,354
—
(649)
403
(35)
3
2,076
9
2,085
3,205 $
1
782
—
2,378
3,161
781
3
784
2,410
—
(330)
278
19
—
2,377
—
2,377
3,161
109
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)
Operating recoveries ......................................................................................................... $
2023
383 $
2022
37
Expenses
Compensation and benefits ...............................................................................................
Other operating expense ...................................................................................................
Carried interest allocation compensation ..........................................................................
Realized ..........................................................................................................................
Unrealized ......................................................................................................................
Total carried interest allocation compensation .................................................................
Interest expense .................................................................................................................
Total expenses ....................................................................................................................
Share of income from Brookfield Asset Management ULC ............................................
Net income .......................................................................................................................... $
(326)
(5)
(24)
(38)
(62)
(9)
(402)
470
451 $
Earnings per share
Basic .................................................................................................................................. $
Diluted .............................................................................................................................. $
1.15 $
1.13 $
Weighted-average shares
Basic ..................................................................................................................................
Diluted ..............................................................................................................................
391.7
396.5
Comprehensive income:
Net income ........................................................................................................................ $
Other comprehensive income: ..........................................................................................
Share of other comprehensive income from Brookfield Asset Management ULC ........
Other comprehensive income ...........................................................................................
Comprehensive income ..................................................................................................... $
451 $
3
3
454 $
(1)
(35)
—
(3)
(3)
—
(39)
21
19
0.05
0.05
396.2
400.9
19
—
—
19
110
AS AT
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
Balance at July 4, 2022 ................
Net income .....................................
Share subscriptions ........................
Purchase of treasury shares, net .....
Capital contribution .......................
Balance at December 31, 2022 ....
Net income .....................................
Other comprehensive income ........
Share subscriptions ........................
Purchase of treasury shares, net .....
Contributions .................................
Distributions ..................................
Balance at December 31, 2023 ....
Class A
common stock
—
—
2,404,747
—
393,749,981
396,154,728
—
—
813,290
(8,234,552)
—
—
388,733,466
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
Shares of Brookfield Asset
Management Ltd.
Common stock
Treasury stock
Additional
paid-in-capital
Retained
(deficit)
earnings
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
Non-
controlling
interest
Total equity
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
Class B
common stock
— $
—
—
—
21,280
21,280
—
—
—
—
—
—
21,280 $
— $
52
—
2,358
2,410
—
—
—
—
—
(56)
2,354 $
— $
—
—
(330)
—
(330)
—
— —
—
(319)
—
—
(649) $
— $
—
—
—
278
278
—
— —
(4)
—
129
—
403 $
— $
19
—
—
—
19
451
— —
—
—
—
(505)
(35) $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
—
3 $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
9
—
9 $
—
19
52
(330)
2,636
2,377
451
3
(4)
(319)
138
(561)
2,085
111
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Operating activities
Net income ........................................................................................................................ $
Non-cash adjustments:
Share of income from Brookfield Asset Management ULC, net of dividends ..............
Stock based equity awards ................................................................................................
Other expense ...................................................................................................................
Net change in working capital
Investing activities
Acquisitions
Purchase of other assets ..................................................................................................
Financing activities
Stock-based compensation prepayment from affiliates ....................................................
Share subscriptions ...........................................................................................................
Capital provided by non-controlling interest ....................................................................
Change in due to affiliates ................................................................................................
Distributions paid to common stockholders .....................................................................
Share repurchases .............................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents
Change in cash and cash equivalents ................................................................................
Balance, beginning of period ............................................................................................
Balance, end of period ...................................................................................................... $
2023
2022
451 $
56
6
—
(5)
508
(41)
(41)
104
(4)
9
256
(505)
(319)
(459)
8
1
9 $
19
(21)
—
1
(1)
(2)
—
—
—
52
—
281
—
(330)
3
1
—
1
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Supplemental cash flow disclosures
Net change in working capital
2023
2022
Accounts payable and other ........................................................................................... $
Due from affiliates .........................................................................................................
Due to affiliates ..............................................................................................................
Income taxes paid ...............................................................................................................
Interest paid .........................................................................................................................
Non-Cash Financing Activities
63 $
(70)
2
—
9
Settlement of due to affiliates .........................................................................................
56
781
(782)
—
—
—
278
112
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT LTD.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. (the “Manager”), through its investment in Brookfield Asset Management ULC (“asset
management business” or the “Company”) is an alternative asset manager. The Manager is listed on the New York and Toronto
stock exchanges under the symbol BAM. The Manager was incorporated on July 4, 2022 and its head office is located at Suite
100, Brookfield Place, 181 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5J 2T3 and its registered office is located at 1055 West Georgia Street,
1500 Royal Centre, P.O. Box 11117, Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 4N7.
On December 9, 2022, Brookfield Corporation (the "Corporation") completed the spin-off of Brookfield Asset Management
ULC (the "Arrangement"). The Manager was incorporated for the purpose of holding a 25% interest in Brookfield Asset
Management ULC and to facilitate the Arrangement. As part of the Arrangement, the Corporation contributed certain indirect
wholly owned asset management subsidiaries to Brookfield Asset Management ULC. The contribution of these entities was
considered a common control transaction and was measured at historical cost. Further, the Corporation contributed a 25% interest
of Brookfield Asset Management ULC to the Manager, and in exchange, the Manager issued securities of the Manager to the
Corporation’s shareholders at that time on a pro-rata basis.
The Manager entered into several agreements and arrangements resulting from the Arrangement, among which include:
•
•
•
The Asset Management Services Agreement (the "AMSA") under which the Manager provides the services of its
employees and its Chief Executive Officer to Brookfield Asset Management ULC which pays the Manager for the
services of these individuals on a cost recovery basis such that neither party receives financial gain nor suffers financial
loss. Most of the Manager's employees/executives spend their time discharging their duties as officers and employees of
the Manager and towards responsibilities related to Brookfield Asset Management ULC which include investment,
corporate and other services. In addition, at the request of Brookfield Asset Management ULC, the Manager may provide
options and long term incentive awards to its employees, which will be reimbursed under this agreement. See discussion
of the accounting for this agreement in the Operating Recoveries accounting policy in Note 2;
The Transitional Services Agreement (the "TSA") pursuant to which (i) Brookfield Asset Management ULC will provide
the Corporation and the Manager, on a transitional basis, certain services to support day-to-day corporate activities
(including services relating to finance, treasury, accounting, legal and regulatory, marketing, communications, human
resources, internal audit, information technology), and (ii) the Corporation will provide, on a transitional basis, certain
services to Brookfield Asset Management ULC to facilitate the orderly transfer of the asset management business. See
discussion of the accounting for this agreement in the Related Parties accounting policy in Note 2; and
The Relationship Agreement under which certain employee share-based and performance-based compensation costs are
recovered from the Corporation. See discussion of the accounting for this agreement in the Operating Recoveries
accounting policy in Note 2.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements of the Manager have been prepared in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and are presented in U.S. Dollars. The
Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out below.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates
that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Management believes that
estimates utilized in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements are reasonable. Such estimates include those used in
the valuation of investments and the accounting for share-based and performance-based compensation. Actual results may differ
from those estimates and such differences may be material.
Consolidation
The Manager consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest and all variable interest entities (“VIE”)
for which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary of a VIE if it holds a controlling
financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly
113
impact the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from
the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Manager determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE
at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and upon events warranting reconsideration. In determining whether the Manager is
the primary beneficiary, the company evaluates its control rights as well as economic interests in the entity held either directly or
indirectly by the company. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively; however, if it is not readily
apparent that the company is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be performed. Investments and
redemptions (either by the Manager, affiliates of the company or third parties) and amendments to governing documents could
affect an entity’s status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. As at December 31, 2023, the Manager is not the
primary beneficiary of any VIE.
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
Foreign Currency
In the normal course of business, the Manager may enter into transactions not denominated in U.S. Dollars. Foreign exchange
gains and losses arising on such transactions are recorded in Net Income. In addition, where the Manager consolidates entities that
have a non-U.S. Dollar functional currency those non-U.S. Dollar denominated assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. Dollars
at the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date and income, expenses, gains and losses are translated at the prevailing
exchange rate on the dates that they were recorded. Cumulative translation adjustments arising from the translation of non-U.S.
Dollar denominated operations are recorded in Other Comprehensive Income.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand and cash held in banks. Interest income from cash and cash equivalents is
recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
Equity Method Investments
Investments in which the Manager is deemed to exert significant influence, but does not have a controlling financial interest are
accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The Manager has significant influence over Brookfield Asset Management
ULC and therefore accounts for its investment under the equity method.
The carrying value of equity method investments is determined based on amounts invested by the Company, adjusted for the
share of earnings or losses of the investee allocated based on the relevant agreements, less distributions received. Under the equity
method of accounting, the Manager's share of earnings from equity investments is included in the share of income from equity
method investments in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. The Manager evaluates its equity method
investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments
may not be recoverable.
Refer to Note 3 for further details of the Manager's equity method investments.
Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities
Accounts payable primarily consists of long-term compensation liabilities due to the employees of the Manager.
Other Assets
Other assets include investments in options to acquire shares of the Company. The Manager has elected the measurement
alternative for equity investments without readily determinable fair values to be measured at cost minus impairment, if any. The
carrying amount of these investments as of December 31, 2023 is $40 million. For the year ended December 31, 2023, there has
been no downward or upward adjustments made to the carrying amount of these investments due to impairment or observable
price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investment of the same issuer.
Operating Recoveries
Operating Recoveries arise from the AMSA between the Manager and Brookfield Asset Management ULC and the Relationship
Agreement between the Manager, Brookfield Asset Management ULC and the Corporation.
Under the AMSA, recoveries are recognized on a cost recovery basis such that neither party receives financial gain nor suffers
financial loss. Income generated under the AMSA relating to these services is recognized as Operating Recoveries in the
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on a gross basis as and when the services are performed by the Manager.
114
Under the Relationship Agreement, certain employee share-based and performance-based compensation costs are recovered from
the Corporation. Income generated under the Relationship Agreement relating to these awards is recognized as Operating
Recoveries in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on a gross basis.
Certain liabilities classified as share-based awards covered by the AMSA and the Relationship Agreement are required to be
revalued at each balance sheet date. As a result, where the revaluation results in an increase in the share-based award liability, the
Corporation and Brookfield Asset Management ULC will reimburse the Manager while conversely, where the revaluation results
in a decrease in the share-based award liability, the Manager will be responsible for refunding the difference to the Corporation
and Brookfield Asset Management ULC.
Under the TSA, the Manager is responsible for the costs of transitional services provided by Brookfield Asset Management ULC
and the Corporation. Such costs are recognized as Operating Recoveries in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
when services are performed.
To the extent that Brookfield Asset Management ULC makes payments to the Manager under the AMSA for share-based awards
before they vest, such prepayments are recognized by the Manager as deferred income included in Accounts payable and accrued
liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation consists of (a) salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees and (b) share-based compensation
associated with the grants of share-based awards to employees of the Manager. Compensation costs relating to the issuance of
share-based awards to senior management and employees of the Manager is accounted for in accordance with ASC 718,
Compensation - Stock Compensation, which measures the equity-classified awards at fair value on the grant date and expenses the
awards over the vesting period. Cash settled share-based awards and awards settled in a variable number of shares for a fixed
monetary amount are classified as liabilities and are remeasured at the end of each reporting period. The Manager recognizes
forfeitures as they occur.
In the normal course of business, the Manager issues share-based compensation awards to employees of Brookfield Asset
Management ULC. Such awards are accounted for as awards issued to employees of equity method investees under ASC 323
Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures. As the awards vest, the Manager recognizes the entire cost of the awards as an
expense included in share of income from equity method investments, as no proportionate funding by the other investors occurs
and the Manager does not receive any increase in its relative ownership percentage of Brookfield Asset Management ULC.
However, the cost associated with the Manager’s ownership interest is recognized when the Manager recognizes its share of
Brookfield Asset Management ULC’s earnings. Brookfield Asset Management ULC reimburses the Manager for such awards,
which the Manager recognizes as income included in share of income from equity method investments in the same period as the
associated cost of the awards. As such, this arrangement with Brookfield Asset Management ULC has no net impact on the
Manager’s Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. To the extent that Brookfield Asset Management ULC reimburses
the Manager for such awards before they vest, the Manager recognizes the reimbursement in additional paid-in capital.
Refer to Note 5 for further details of the Manager's share-based compensation.
Carried Interest Compensation Expense
Carried interest is performance-based compensation associated with realized or unrealized carried interest earned on the
performance of investments on a fund-by-fund basis. Employees of the Manager earn carried interest compensation which is
subject to both positive and negative adjustments and recoverable from Brookfield Asset Management ULC and the Corporation
under the terms of the ASMA and the Relationship Agreement.
Related Parties
In the normal course of operations, the Manager enters into various transactions on market terms with related parties, including
amounts in Due from/to affiliates. The Manager and its subsidiaries may also transact with entities that share a common parent.
Amounts owed to and by equity method investments are not eliminated on consolidation. See Note 7 for further detail.
Dividends
Dividends are reflected in the Consolidated Financial Statements when declared.
115
Segment Information
The Manager operates as a single operating segment. The Manager's chief operating decision maker, it's Chief Executive Officer,
manages operations on a consolidated basis for the purposes of allocating resources, making operating decisions and evaluating
financial performance.
Earnings per Share
The Manager uses the two class method to calculate basic and diluted net income per share. Earnings for each period are allocated
to participating securities based on the contractual participation rights of the security to share in the current earnings as if all
current period earnings had been distributed. Undistributed losses are not allocated to participating securities that do not have a
contractual obligation to share in losses.
Diluted net income per share reflects the impact of dilutive instruments, which are generally determined using the treasury stock
method. For potentially dilutive instruments that are also participating securities, the treasury stock method or the two-class
method, whichever, produces the more diluted result, is used to determine diluted net income per share.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Manager considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standard Updates ("ASUs") issued by the Financial
Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). ASUs not listed below were assessed and either determined to be not applicable or
expected to have minimal impact on the company's consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, which requires the disclosure of significant segment expenses that are part of
an entity’s segment measure of profit or loss and regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. In addition, it adds or
makes clarifications to other segment-related disclosures, such as clarifying that the disclosure requirements in ASC 280 are
required for entities with a single reportable segment and that an entity may disclose multiple measures of segment profit and loss.
The amendments in this update apply to all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with
Topic 280, Segment Reporting. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods
beginning after December 15, 2024. The Manager is currently assessing the impact of this update.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which amends the Codification to enhance the transparency and decision
usefulness of income tax disclosures. This ASU requires additional disaggregation of the reconciliation between the statutory and
effective tax rate for an entity and of income taxes paid, both of which are disclosures required by current GAAP. The
amendments improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation
of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments in this update
apply to all entities that are subject to Topic 740, Income Taxes. For public business entities, the amendments in the update are
effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Manager is currently assessing the impact of this update.
3.
INVESTMENTS
The Manager has a variable interest in the Company, an unconsolidated VIE. It has been determined that the Manager is not the
primary beneficiary mainly due to its lack of power to unilaterally make decisions about the activities that most significantly
impact the VIE’s returns. The Manager accounts for its interest in Brookfield Asset Management ULC using the equity method of
accounting as it has significant influence from its 25% equity interest and its ability to appoint two directors on the VIE’s board.
The summarized financial information and results of the Manager’s equity method investment in Brookfield Asset Management
ULC are outlined in the tables below:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Cash ..................................................................................................................................... $
Investments .........................................................................................................................
Assets ..................................................................................................................................
Liabilities .............................................................................................................................
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest .........................................................
Equity ..................................................................................................................................
2023
2,667 $
7,522
14,290
2,825
2,166
9,299
2022
3,545
6,877
14,087
2,670
1,811
9,606
116
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Revenues ............................................................................................................................. $
Expenses ..............................................................................................................................
Net income ..........................................................................................................................
Net income attributable to preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest ..............
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest ............................................................
Net income attributable to the common stockholders .........................................................
2023
4,062 $
(1,546)
2,137
262
36
1,839
2022
174
(61)
84
6
35
43
As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the equity method investment was equal to the Manager’s interest in the
Company’s underlying net assets.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period from December 9, 2022 to December 31, 2022, the Manager’s share of net
income from the Company was $470 million and $21 million, respectively. The Manager received cash distributions from the
Company of $526 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
The assets and liabilities recognized in the Manager’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, related to
its maximum exposure to the loss of the Company as an unconsolidated VIE, are as follows:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Investments ......................................................................................................................... $
Due from affiliates ..............................................................................................................
VIE related assets ................................................................................................................
Accounts payable ................................................................................................................
Due to affiliates ...................................................................................................................
Maximum exposure to loss ................................................................................................. $
2023
2,270 $
394
2,664
859
256
3,779 $
2022
2,378
4
2,382
781
3
3,166
The Manager has not provided financial or other support to the Company during the years presented above.
4.
INCOME TAXES
The income before provision for taxes consists of income earned in Canada. The Manager does not currently carry a provision for
taxes as there is no tax obligation on current period net income. The Manager's equity-accounted investment in the Company is
expected to be realized through non-taxable dividends. Accordingly, no tax provision has been recorded.
The Manager's effective income tax rate is different from the Manager's statutory income tax rate due to the following differences
set out below:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
Statutory income tax rate .....................................................................................................
(Reduction) increase in rate resulting from: ........................................................................
Non-taxable amounts ........................................................................................................
Valuation allowance .........................................................................................................
Effective income tax rate .....................................................................................................
A summary of the tax effects of the temporary differences is as follows:
2023
2022
27 %
(28) %
1 %
— %
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Losses (Canada) .................................................................................................................. $
Valuation allowance ............................................................................................................
Deferred income tax assets ................................................................................................. $
2023
2022
2 $
(2)
— $
27 %
(27) %
— %
— %
—
—
—
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Manager did not have any material unrecognized tax benefits related to
uncertain tax positions.
117
The Manager files its tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of
business, the company is subject to examination by Canadian and foreign tax authorities. As of December 31, 2023, no tax returns
are subject to examination.
5. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
The Manager and the Corporation have granted share-based compensation awards to certain employees and directors of the
Manager, under a number of compensation plans (the “Equity Plans”). The Equity Plans provide for the granting of share
options, restricted shares, escrowed shares and deferred share and restricted share units which contain certain service or
performance requirements of the Manager or the Corporation.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Manager granted 7.9 million stock options at a weighted average exercise price of
$35.13. The compensation expense was calculated using the Black-Scholes method of valuation, assuming an average 7.5 year
term, 28.5% volatility, a weighted average expected dividend yield of 4.6% annually, a risk-free rate of 3.9% and a liquidity
discount of 25%, with a fair value of $5.26 per unit. The total fair value of the options granted was $41.3 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 the Manager granted 4.8 million escrowed shares at a weighted average exercise price of
$35.13. The compensation expense was calculated using the Black-Scholes method of valuation, assuming an average 7.5 year
term, 28.5% volatility, a weighted average expected dividend yield of 4.6% annually, a risk-free rate of 3.9% and a liquidity
discount of 25%, with a fair value of $5.26 per unit. The total fair value of the escrowed shares granted was $25.2 million.
The expenses of the share-based compensation are recognized on the financial statements of the Manager and are summarized in
the following table:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Expense arising from equity classified share-based payment transactions ......................... $
Expense (recovery) arising from liability classified share-based payment transactions .....
$
2023
37 $
156
193 $
2022
5
(45)
(40)
Management Share Option Plan
The Manager recognizes any awards associated with the existing Equity Plans for its employees irrespective of whether the
awards were granted by the Corporation or the Manager. Options issued under the Management Share Option Plan (“MSOP”) of
both the Corporation and the Manager vest over a period of up to five years, expire ten years after the grant date and are settled
through issuance of Class A shares of the Corporation or the Manager. The exercise price is equal to the market price at the grant
date.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022, the total expense incurred by the Manager with
respect to MSOP totaled $10 million and $1 million, respectively.
The change in the number of options during the year ended December 31, 2023 was as follows:
Brookfield Asset Management
Ltd.1
Brookfield Corporation2
Number of
Options
(000's)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
25.38
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ......................................
20.95
Transferred ..........................................................................
—
Granted ...............................................................................
16.12
Exercised ............................................................................
38.89
Cancelled ............................................................................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 ................................
24.48
1 - Represents the continuity of the Manager options relating to only those employees of the Manager based on the Manager's weighted average exercise price
which differs from that of the Corporation. The 5.8 million remaining shares, not included in the table above, are Manager options related to employees of the
Asset Management Company.
2 - Represents the continuity of the Corporation's options relating to only those employees of the Manager based on the Corporation's weighted average exercise
price which differs from that of the Manager.
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
22.45
18.54
35.13
14.31
35.02
26.57
14,553 $
3,111
—
(2,535)
(41)
15,088 $
2,104
(710)
(53)
5,758 $
Number of
Options
(000's)
3,639 $
778
118
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Manager MSOP granted for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period
ended December 31, 2022 was $5.26 and $3.50, respectively, and was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, with
inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Weighted-average share price .....................................................................
Average term to exercise ............................................................................
Share price volatility1
..................................................................................
Liquidity discount .......................................................................................
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ....................................................
Risk-free rate ...............................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on historical share prices of a similar or comparable entity for the prior period to the average term to exercise.
35.13 $
7.5
28.5
25.0
4.6
3.9
Years
%
%
%
%
22.39
7.4
22.2
25.0
1.8
2.1
US$ $
2022
2023
Unit
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Corporation MSOP granted for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $8.82,
and was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Weighted-average share price .............................................................................................
Average term to exercise .....................................................................................................
Share price volatility1
..........................................................................................................
Liquidity discount ...............................................................................................................
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ............................................................................
Risk-free rate .......................................................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with Brookfield Corporation's historical share price of a similar or comparable
entity for the prior period to the average term to exercise.
Years
%
%
%
%
46.62
7.5
24.8
25.0
1.4
1.9
US$ $
2022
Unit
Escrowed Stock Plan
The Escrowed Stock ("ES") shares generally vest over five years and must be held to the fifth anniversary of the grant date. At a
date no more than ten years from the grant date, all outstanding ES shares will be exchanged for Class A shares issued by the
Corporation or the Manager based on the market value of the respective Class A shares at the time of the exchange. The number
of Class A shares issued on exchange will be less than the Class A shares purchased under the ES Plan resulting in a net reduction
in the number of Class A shares issued by the Manager.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022, the total expense incurred with respect to the ES
Plan totaled $20 million and $3 million, respectively.
Brookfield Asset Management
Ltd.1
Brookfield Corporation2
Number of
Options
(000's)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
34.84
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ......................................
34.85
Transferred ..........................................................................
—
Granted ...............................................................................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 ................................
34.84
1 - Represents the continuity of the Manager ES relating to only those employees of the Manager based on the Manager's weighted average exercise price which
differs from that of the Corporation.
2 - Represents the continuity of the Corporation ES relating to only those employees of the Manager. Based on the Corporation's weighted average exercise
price which differs from that of the Manager.
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
29.64
29.64
35.13
31.62
16,324 $
1,334
—
17,658 $
5,452 $
335
3,251
9,038 $
Number of
Options
(000's)
119
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Manager escrowed shares granted for the year ended December 31, 2023 and
the period ended December 31, 2022 was $5.26 and $3.83, respectively, and was determined using the Black-Scholes model of
valuation with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Weighted-average share price ...................................................................
Average term to exercise ...........................................................................
Share price volatility1
................................................................................
Liquidity discount .....................................................................................
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ..................................................
Risk-free rate .............................................................................................
Unit
2023
2022
US$ $
Years
%
%
%
%
35.13 $
7.5
28.5
25.0
4.6
3.9
29.64
6.9
28.9
25.0
5.3
3.7
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with Brookfield Corporation's historical share price of a similar or comparable
entity for the prior period to the average term to exercise.
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Corporation escrowed shares granted for the period ended December 31, 2022
was $7.50, and was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Weighted-average share price .............................................................................................
Average term to exercise .....................................................................................................
Share price volatility1
..........................................................................................................
Liquidity discount ...............................................................................................................
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ............................................................................
Risk-free rate .......................................................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on historical share prices of a similar or comparable entity for the prior period to the average term to exercise.
Years
%
%
%
%
34.84
7.10
27.00
25.00
1.00
4.00
US$ $
2022
Unit
Restricted Stock Plan
The Restricted Stock Plan awards executives with Class A shares of the Corporation and the Manager purchased on the open
market (“Restricted Shares”). Under the Restricted Stock Plan, Restricted Shares awarded vest over a period of up to five years,
except for Restricted Shares awarded in lieu of a cash bonus, which may vest immediately. Vested and unvested Restricted Shares
are subject to a hold period of up to five years. Holders of Restricted Shares are entitled to vote Restricted Shares and to receive
associated dividends. Employee compensation expense for the Restricted Stock Plan is charged against income over the vesting
period.
Compensation expense recognized for the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022 was $7 million
and $1 million, respectively.
Deferred Share Unit Plan and Restricted Share Unit Plan
The Deferred Share Unit ("DSU") Plan and Restricted Share Unit ("RSU") Plan provides for the issuance of DSUs and RSUs,
respectively. Under these plans, qualifying employees and directors receive varying percentages of their annual incentive bonus or
directors’ fees in the form of DSUs and RSUs. The DSUs and RSUs vest over periods of up to five years, and DSUs accumulate
additional DSUs at the same rate as dividends on Class A shares of the Corporation and the Manager based on the market value of
the Class A shares of the Manager at the time of the dividend. Participants may convert vested DSUs and RSUs into cash upon
retirement or cessation of employment.
The value of these DSUs, when converted to cash, will be equivalent to the market value of the Class A shares of the Corporation
and the Manager at the time the conversion takes place. The value of the RSUs, when converted into cash, will be equivalent to
the difference between the market price of equivalent number of Class A shares of the Corporation or the Manager at the time the
conversion takes place and the market price on the date the RSUs are granted. The fair value of the vested DSUs and RSUs as at
December 31, 2023 was $531 million (2022 – $369 million).
Employee compensation expense for these plans is charged against income over the vesting period of the DSUs and RSUs. As
these awards are liability classified, the amount payable in respect of vested DSUs and RSUs changes as a result of dividends and
share price movements. All of the amounts attributable to changes in the amounts payable by the company are recorded as
employee compensation expense in the period of the change. For awards issued as part of the Arrangement, the mark-to-market
120
movement in the awards is recoverable from the Asset Management Company. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period
ended December 31, 2022, employee compensation expense (recovery) totaled $156 million and $(45) million, respectively due to
a change in the underlying share price.
The change in the number of the Corporation DSUs and RSUs outstanding to employees of the Manager for the year ended
December 31, 2023 was as follows:
DSUs
RSUs
Number of Units
Tracking to BAM
Ltd. share price
(000's)
1,207
190
115
(9)
1,503
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ...............
Transferred ...................................................
Granted and reinvested ................................
Exercised and cancelled ...............................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 .........
6. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Number of Units
Tracking to BN
share price (000's)
6,067
747
56
(36)
6,834
Number of Units
Tracking to BN
share price
(000's)
Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price (CAD)
5,488 $
—
—
—
5,488 $
6.11
—
—
—
6.11
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding
during the period. The Manager applies the two-class method in calculating earnings per share for each of its two classes of shares
and participating securities, based on their pro-rata share of earnings. Class A shares held under the ES Plans in one or more
private wholly owned subsidiaries of the Manager are classified as treasury shares and have been excluded from the calculation of
earnings per share. The Manager has certain dilutive securities relating to outstanding restricted stock and options held by
employees and non-employees and have been reflected accordingly in diluted earnings per share figures. Basic and diluted net
income per share of common stock for the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022 was calculated as
follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO
DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Year Ended
2023
2023
Period Ended
2022
2022
Class A Shares Class B Shares Class A Shares Class B Shares
Numerator
Net income ............................................................................... $
Denominator
Weighted average of common stock outstanding - basic .........
Dilutive effect of conversion of options and escrowed shares
using treasury stock method .....................................................
Weighted average of common stock outstanding - diluted ......
Net Income per Share
Earnings per share - basic ........................................................
Earnings per share - diluted ..................................................... $
449 $
— $
19 $
391.7
4.8
396.5
—
—
—
396.2
4.7
400.9
—
—
—
—
1.15
1.13 $
1.15
1.15 $
0.05
0.05 $
0.05
0.05
The following weighted average potentially dilutive securities were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potentially
dilutive effects and have been excluded in the above computation of diluted net income per share attributable to common
shareholders for the period presented due to their anti-dilutive effect:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND FOR THE PERIOD JULY 4, 2022 TO DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Management stock options of the Manager ........................................................................
Escrow shares of the Manager ............................................................................................
Restricted shares of the Manager ........................................................................................
Total ....................................................................................................................................
2023
8.2
5.0
—
13.2
2022
3.4
0.8
0.6
4.8
121
7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In the normal course of business, the Manager enters into transactions with related parties by recovering or bearing the cost of
certain employee compensation with the Corporation and Brookfield Asset Management ULC and by borrowing on its
$500 million credit facility with Brookfield Asset Management ULC to fund short-term capital requirements.
Under the AMSA, the Manager provides the services of its employees and its Chief Executive Officer to Brookfield Asset
Management ULC on a cost recovery basis. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022, under
this arrangement the Manager has recognized $177 million and $nil, respectively in Operating Recoveries. In addition, the
Manager recovered $4 million in unrealized carried interest compensation expense from the asset management business for the
year ended.
As outlined in the Relationship Agreement, the Corporation is responsible for the share based awards issued by the Corporation,
some of which are subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date and will also bear the cost of the employee entitlement to
carried interest on mature funds either directly or indirectly through reimbursement to the Company. For the year ended
December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31, 2022, the Manager has recognized $206 million in Operating Recoveries and
$35 million in Operating Expenses under this arrangement, respectively.
Under the TSA, Brookfield Asset Management ULC will provide the Corporation and the Manager certain services to support
day-to-day corporate activities on a transitional basis. For services provided to the Manager, costs are recorded on a gross basis in
the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and period ended December 31,
2022, the Manager has recognized less than $1 million in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income under this
arrangement.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Manager received from Brookfield Asset Management ULC prepayments under the
AMSA for share-based compensation of $16 million, which represent deferred income and have been included in Accounts
payable and accrued liabilities. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and the period ended December 31, 2022 the Manager
received from Brookfield Asset Management ULC advanced reimbursements for Manager share-based awards issued to
employees of Brookfield Asset Management ULC of $88 million and $nil, respectively, which has been recorded in additional
paid-in capital.
The balances due from affiliates related to compensation costs are presented in Due from affiliates on the Consolidated Balance
Sheets and the balances due to affiliates are presented in Due to Affiliates.
Due from affiliates and Due to affiliates consisted of the following:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Due from Affiliates
Receivables related to share and cash-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Other transactions with related parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
Due to Affiliates
Borrowings on short-term credit facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Other transactions with related parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$
2023
824 $
62
886 $
256 $
5
261 $
2022
782
—
782
—
3
3
For the year ended December 31, 2023 the Manager recorded its share of a non-cash distributions declared by ULC to the
Corporation in the amount of $56 million within the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity.
In addition, the Manager purchased options to acquire Brookfield Asset Management ULC’s shares for $41 million during the
year ended December 31, 2023. These options track certain options issued under our Management Share Option Plan and are
automatically exercised at the same time and the same exercise prices as the tracked Manager options. As of December 31, 2023,
the carrying amount of these options is $40 million, and is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
122
8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Guarantees
The Manager may from time to time enter into guarantees in respect of certain co-investments in which there is carried interest.
The amount guaranteed is up to the carry amount paid to the general partners of the respective funds, net of taxes. In the event that
the general partners default on their carry clawback obligations, the Manager will make payments under the guarantees. As at
December 31, 2023, the Manager has not recognized any liabilities with respect to such guarantees as no carry has been paid in
the relevant funds.
Litigation
The Manager may from time to time be involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of its business. The Manager’s
business is also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against the company. As of December
31, 2023 there is no outstanding litigation.
The Manager accrues a liability for legal proceedings only when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable
and reasonably estimable. In such cases, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. Although there can
be no assurance of the outcome of such legal actions, based on information known by management, the Manager does not have a
potential liability related to any current legal proceeding or claim that would individually or in the aggregate materially affect its
results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On February 6, 2024, the Board of the Manager declared a quarterly dividend of $0.38 per share, payable on March 28, 2024 to
shareholders of record as at the close of business on February 29, 2024.
123
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND
DECEMBER 31, 2022
124
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT
To the Board of Directors of Brookfield Asset Management ULC
Opinion
We have audited the consolidated and combined financial statements of Brookfield Asset Management ULC and subsidiaries (the
“Company”), which comprise the consolidated and combined balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related
consolidated and combined statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for years then
ended, and the related notes to the consolidated and combined financial statements (collectively referred to as the "financial
statements").
In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the
Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAS). Our
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial
Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities,
in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal
control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether
due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the
aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that
the financial statements are issued.
Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a
high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with
GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from
fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions,
misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood
that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial
statements.
In performing an audit in accordance with GAAS, we:
•
•
•
•
•
Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit.
Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and
design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate
in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed.
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates
made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements.
Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial
doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time.
125
We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and
timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control-related matters that we identified during the audit.
/s/ Deloitte LLP
Chartered Professional Accountants
Licensed Public Accountants
Toronto, Canada
March 19, 2024
126
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE AMOUNTS)
Assets
2023
2022
Cash and cash equivalents .............................................................................................................. $
Accounts receivable and other .......................................................................................................
Due from affiliates .........................................................................................................................
Investments ....................................................................................................................................
Property, plant and equipment .......................................................................................................
Intangible assets .............................................................................................................................
Goodwill ........................................................................................................................................
Deferred income tax assets ............................................................................................................
Total assets ...................................................................................................................................... $
2,667 $
588
2,504
7,522
73
42
251
643
14,290 $
Liabilities
Accounts payable and other ........................................................................................................... $
Due to affiliates ..............................................................................................................................
Deferred income tax liabilities .......................................................................................................
Total liabilities ................................................................................................................................
1,799 $
986
40
2,825
3,545
429
2,121
6,877
68
59
249
739
14,087
1,842
811
17
2,670
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest ...............................................................
2,166
1,811
Equity
Common equity (common shares - unlimited authorized, 1,635,349,629 issued and outstanding)
Retained (deficit) earnings .............................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive income ...................................................................................
Additional paid-in capital ...............................................................................................................
Total common equity ........................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest .................................................................................................................
Total equity .....................................................................................................................................
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest and equity .............................................. $
9,014
(178)
168
122
9,126
173
9,299
14,290 $
9,271
84
153
—
9,508
98
9,606
14,087
127
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Revenues
2023
2022
Base management and advisory fees ........................................................................................................ $
3,142 $
2,835
Investment income
Carried interest allocations
Realized ..................................................................................................................................................
Unrealized ..............................................................................................................................................
Total investment income .............................................................................................................................
Interest and dividend revenue .....................................................................................................................
Other revenues ............................................................................................................................................
Total revenues ............................................................................................................................................
Expenses
Compensation, operating, and general and administrative expenses
Compensation and benefits .......................................................................................................................
Other operating expenses ..........................................................................................................................
General, administrative and other .............................................................................................................
Total compensation, operating, and general and administrative expenses
Carried interest allocation compensation
Realized ....................................................................................................................................................
Unrealized .................................................................................................................................................
Total carried interest allocation compensation ............................................................................................
Interest expense ...........................................................................................................................................
Total expenses .............................................................................................................................................
Other (expenses) income, net ......................................................................................................................
Share of income from equity accounted investments ..................................................................................
Income before taxes ....................................................................................................................................
Income tax expense .....................................................................................................................................
Net income ..................................................................................................................................................
Net (income) attributable to: .......................................................................................................................
Redeemable non-controlling interests in consolidated funds .................................................................
Preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest ............................................................................
Non-controlling interest .........................................................................................................................
Net income attributable to the common stockholders ........................................................................... $
51
348
399
172
349
241
249
490
258
44
4,062
3,627
(1,048)
(342)
(56)
(700)
(236)
(81)
(1,446)
(1,017)
(26)
(60)
(86)
(14)
(1,546)
(129)
167
2,554
(417)
2,137
—
(262)
(36)
(61)
(139)
(200)
(154)
(1,371)
1,090
146
3,492
(627)
2,865
(909)
(35)
(6)
1,839 $
1,915
128
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Net income .................................................................................................................................................. $
Currency translation ....................................................................................................................................
Comprehensive income ...............................................................................................................................
Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to: ............................................................................................
Redeemable non-controlling interest in consolidated funds ..................................................................
Preferred share redeemable non-controlling interest ..............................................................................
Non-controlling interest .........................................................................................................................
Comprehensive income attributable to common stockholders ................................................................... $
2023
2,137 $
15
2,152
—
(262)
(36)
1,854 $
2022
2,865
(32)
2,833
(909)
(35)
(6)
1,883
129
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AS AT
(MILLIONS)
Balance at December 31, 2021 ....................... $
Net income ........................................................
Other comprehensive income ...........................
Contributions.....................................................
Distributions ......................................................
Transfer of interest ............................................
Balance at December 31, 2022 .......................
Net income ........................................................
Other comprehensive income ...........................
Contributions.....................................................
Distributions ......................................................
Transfer of interest ............................................
Balance at December 31, 2023 ....................... $
Common equity
Common
shares
Additional
paid-in
capital
Retained
(deficit)
earnings
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
Total
common
equity
Non-
controlling
interest
Total
equity
Net Parent
Investment
9,715 $
1,831
(29)
3,897
(6,143)
(9,271)
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
— $
—
—
—
—
9,271
9,271
—
—
1
(229)
(29)
9,014 $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
122
—
—
122 $
— $
84
—
—
—
—
84
1,839
—
—
(2,101)
—
(178) $
156 $
—
(3)
—
—
—
153
—
15
—
—
—
168 $
9,871 $
1,915
(32)
3,897
(6,143)
—
9,508
1,839
15
123
(2,330)
(29)
9,126 $
— $
6
—
92
—
—
98
36
—
10
—
29
173 $
9,871
1,921
(32)
3,989
(6,143)
—
9,606
1,875
15
133
(2,330)
—
9,299
130
2023
2022
2,137 $
54
2,865
(1,090)
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Operating activities
Net income ................................................................................................................................................ $
Other income (expenses), net ...................................................................................................................
Share of income (loss) from investments accounted for under the equity method, net of cash
dividends ...................................................................................................................................................
Depreciation and amortization ..................................................................................................................
Deferred income taxes ..............................................................................................................................
Stock based equity awards ........................................................................................................................
Unrealized carried interest allocation, net ................................................................................................
Net change in working capital ..................................................................................................................
Other non-cash operating items ................................................................................................................
Investing activities
Acquisitions
Property, plant and equipment..............................................................................................................
Equity accounted investments ..............................................................................................................
Financial assets and other .....................................................................................................................
Dispositions and distributions received
Financial assets and other .......................................................................................................................
Advances provided to related parties ........................................................................................................
Financing activities
Corporate borrowings................................................................................................................................
Contributions from parent .........................................................................................................................
Contributions from redeemable non-controlling interests ........................................................................
Issuance of related party loans ..................................................................................................................
Repayment of related party loans ..............................................................................................................
Issuance of non-operating loans to affiliates .............................................................................................
Preferred equity issuances .........................................................................................................................
Issuance of tracking option .......................................................................................................................
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interests ..............................................................................
Distributions to common stockholders ......................................................................................................
21
14
92
33
(288)
(642)
18
1,439
(17)
(282)
(4)
84
(256)
(475)
—
—
2
197
—
—
63
41
(44)
(2,101)
(1,842)
Cash and cash equivalents
Change in cash and cash equivalents ........................................................................................................
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents ................................................................
Balance, beginning of year .......................................................................................................................
Balance, end of year .................................................................................................................................. $
(878)
—
3,545
2,667 $
22
13
336
(48)
(110)
(3,020)
658
(374)
(13)
(279)
(84)
2,082
—
1,706
(1,612)
5,155
517
461
(324)
35
—
—
(1,328)
(3,184)
(280)
1,052
(1)
2,494
3,545
131
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Supplemental cash flow disclosures
Net change in working capital
Accounts receivable and other ............................................................................................................... $
Accounts payable and other ...................................................................................................................
Due from affiliates .................................................................................................................................
Due to affiliates ......................................................................................................................................
Income taxes paid .......................................................................................................................................
Interest paid .................................................................................................................................................
Non-cash Financing Activities
2023
2022
(200) $
(26)
(559)
372
171
11
(205)
(30)
4,611
(7,396)
291
37
Non-cash contribution ............................................................................................................................
Non-cash distribution .............................................................................................................................
42
229
—
—
132
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT ULC
1. ORGANIZATION
On May 12, 2022, Brookfield Corporation (formerly known as Brookfield Asset Management Inc.) (the “Corporation”)
announced that it would separately list and distribute to its shareholders a 25% interest in its asset management business. The
transaction was completed on December 9, 2022 by way of an arrangement agreement (the “Arrangement”), which resulted in
the transfer of the Corporation's historical asset management business into the newly incorporated Brookfield Asset Management
ULC ("our asset management business"). On completion of the Arrangement, the Corporation transferred a 25% interest in
Brookfield Asset Management ULC to Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. (the “Manager”). These Consolidated and Combined
Financial Statements represent the activities, assets and liabilities of the Corporation's historical asset management business using
a legal entity approach.
References in these financial statements to “us,” “we,” “our” or “the Company” refer to our asset management business and its
direct and indirect subsidiaries and consolidated entities. Brookfield Asset Management ULC's asset management business
focuses on renewable power and transition, infrastructure, real estate, private equity, and credit, operating in various markets
globally.
The Company was formed on July 4, 2022 as an unlimited liability company under, and governed by, the laws of British
Columbia. The registered office of the company is 1055 West Georgia Street, 1500 Royal Centre, P.O. Box 11117, Vancouver,
British Columbia V6E 4N7.
We describe in these footnotes the business held by us after the Arrangement as if it were a standalone business for all historical
periods described. However, we were not a standalone separate entity with independently conducted operations prior to the
completion of the Arrangement.
The Company entered into several agreements and arrangements resulting from the Arrangement, among which include:
•
•
•
The Asset Management Services Agreement (the "AMSA") under which the Manager provides the services of its
employees and its Chief Executive Officer to the Company who in turn pays the Manager for the services of these
individuals on a cost recovery basis such that neither party receives financial gain nor suffers financial loss. Most of the
Manager's employees/executives spend their time discharging their duties as officers and employees of the Manager and
towards responsibilities related to the Company which include investment, corporate and other services. In addition, at
the request of the Company, the Manager may provide options and long term incentive awards to its employees, which
will be reimbursed under this agreement. See discussion of the accounting for this agreement in the Other (expenses)
revenues accounting policy in Note 2;
The Transitional Services Agreement (the "TSA") pursuant to which (i) the Company provides the Corporation and the
Manager, on a transitional basis, certain services to support day-to-day corporate activities (including services relating to
finance, treasury, accounting, legal and regulatory, marketing, communications, human resources, internal audit,
information technology), and (ii) the Corporation provides, on a transitional basis, certain services to the Company to
facilitate the orderly transfer of the asset management business. See discussion of the accounting for this agreement in
the Related Parties accounting policy in Note 2; and
The Relationship Agreement under which (i) carried interest generated by our asset management business is allocated to
the Corporation at 100% with respect to mature funds and at 33.3% with respect to current funds, new funds and open-
ended funds, through the Company’s non-controlling interest and redeemable preferred shares non-controlling interest
held by the Corporation, and (ii) certain employee share-based and performance-based compensation costs are recovered
from the Corporation. See discussion of the accounting for this agreement in the Other (expenses) revenues accounting
policy in Note 2.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The financial statements for periods prior to and through the date of the Arrangement were prepared on a combined standalone
basis and were derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of the Corporation. The financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, and as of December 31, 2023 are consolidated and combined financial
statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, each of which is wholly owned, and is based on the financial position and results
of operations of the Company as a standalone company. Intercompany balances and transactions between consolidated entities
133
have been eliminated. These consolidated and combined financial statements reflect the historical results of operations, financial
position and cash flows of the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S.
GAAP"). The historical results of operations and cash flows of the Company prior to the Arrangement presented in these
consolidated and combined financial statements may not be indicative of what they would have been had the Company been an
independent standalone entity, nor are they necessarily indicative of the Company's future results of operations, financial position
and cash flows.
The consolidated and combined statements of operations for periods prior to and through the Arrangement include all revenues
and costs directly attributable to the Company and an allocation of expenses related to certain Corporation corporate functions.
These allocated costs and expenses include executive management, finance, treasury, tax, audit, legal, information technology,
human resources and risk management functions and the related benefit/cost associated with such functions, including employee
share-based and performance based compensation. These costs and expenses have been allocated to the Company based on direct
usage or benefit where specifically identifiable, with the remaining expenses allocated primarily on a pro rata basis using an
applicable measure of revenues, headcount or other relevant measures. The Company considers these allocations to be a
reasonable reflection of the utilization of services or the benefit received.
The preparation of the Company's consolidated and combined financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Generally, actual experience has been consistent with management's prior
estimates and assumptions. In many cases, management's estimates and assumptions are dependent on estimates of such future
developments which may change in the future. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair
presentation have been included in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements.
Certain of the comparative figures have been reclassified to conform to the consolidated and combined financial statement
presentation adopted in the current year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to
make estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and accompanying notes.
Management believes that estimates utilized in the preparation of the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements are
reasonable. Such estimates include those used in the valuation of investments and financial instruments, the measurement of
deferred tax balances (including valuation allowances), accrued carried interest, incentive distributions and the accounting for
share-based and performance-based compensation. Actual results may differ from those estimates and such differences may be
material.
Consolidation
The Company consolidates all entities that it controls through a majority voting interest and all variable interest entities (“VIE”)
for which it is the primary beneficiary. An enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial
interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact
the entity’s economic performance and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the
entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at
the time it becomes involved with a variable interest entity and reconsiders that conclusion upon certain events. In determining
whether the Company is the primary beneficiary, the Company evaluates its control rights as well as economic interests in the
entity held either directly or indirectly by the Company. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively;
however, if it is not readily apparent that the Company is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative analysis may also be
performed. Investments and redemptions (either by the Company, affiliates of the Company or third parties) or amendments to the
governing documents of an entity could affect its status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary. Assets of a
consolidated VIE can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE and creditors and other beneficial interest holders
do not have recourse to the Company with respect to liabilities of its consolidated VIEs. The Company’s other disclosures
regarding VIEs are discussed in Note 4 “Variable Interest Entities.”
All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Funds
Non-controlling interests of unaffiliated limited partners in Brookfield Strategic Real Estate Partners III ("BSREP III") are
presented as redeemable non-controlling interests within the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet, outside of permanent
equity as these limited partnership interests have withdrawal or redemption rights in certain limited circumstances that are beyond
134
the control of the Company, such as instances in which retaining the limited partnership interest could cause the limited partner to
violate a law, regulation or rule. The allocation of net income or loss to redeemable non-controlling interests is based on the
relative ownership interest of the unaffiliated limited partners after the consideration of contractual arrangements that govern
allocation of income or loss. At the consolidated level, potential incentives are allocated to redeemable non-controlling interests in
consolidated funds until such incentives become allocable to the Company under the substantive contractual terms of the BSREP
III limited partnership agreement. When redeemable amounts become contractually payable to the unaffiliated limited partners,
they are classified as a liability in the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet. The Company no longer consolidates BSREP
III as of December 9, 2023 as a result of the Arrangement.
Redeemable Preferred Shares Non-Controlling Interest
Upon completion of the Arrangement, the Company issued various special tracking preferred shares of subsidiaries of the
Company (“Tracking Shares”) which provides the Corporation with a redemption right, upon a liquidation or redemption event,
to receive a preferred amount equal to the fair value of carried interest entitlement from certain tracked assets, net of any
compensation related costs. These returns are realized through the payment of cumulative dividends, as and when declared by the
board of directors of the relevant Brookfield Asset Management ULC subsidiaries. These tracking shares are entitled to vote,
together with the common shares owned indirectly by the Company, in respect of those subsidiaries. The tracking shares are
presented as preferred share redeemable non-controlling interest within the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets, outside
of permanent equity.
The first series of Tracking Shares issued by Brookfield US Holdings Inc. ("BUSHI"), a subsidiary of the Company, provides the
Corporation with economic interest equal to effectively 100% of the carried interest earned in mature funds. This series of
Tracking Shares has a redemption clause whereby the issuer, whose board is controlled by the Corporation, may elect to redeem
the tracking shares upon the tenth anniversary of issuance. While this series of tracking shares are not currently redeemable, the
Company considers that it is probable that the instrument will become redeemable as the redemption requirement is only through
passage of time. As such, the relevant redeemable non-controlling interest recognized outside of permanent equity requires
remeasurement at each reporting period.
The second series of Tracking Shares issued by Brookfield Manager Holdings Ltd. ("BMHL") provides the Corporation with the
economic interest equal to effectively a 33.3% share of similar distributions on open-ended funds. This series of Tracking Shares
can only be redeemed upon exceptional circumstances that cause a materially adverse impact to the subsidiary. As the instrument
is not currently redeemable and the Company considers such a triggering event to be remote and outside of the control of the
entity, the relevant redeemable non-controlling interest recognized outside of permanent equity does not require remeasurement at
each reporting period.
In addition to the Tracking Shares, BUSHI also has class B senior preferred shares and class B preferred shares outstanding as at
December 31, 2023, all of which are held by the Corporation. The class B senior preferred shares entitle the holder to cumulative
preferential cash dividends at $1.36375 per share per annum and are ranked senior to the BUSHI Tracking Shares, class B
preferred shares and common shares. The class B senior preferred shares are redeemable by the issuer, whose board is controlled
by the Corporation, upon the tenth anniversary of issuance at a redemption amount of $25 per share plus accrued and unpaid
dividends. The class B preferred shares of BUSHI are redeemable at the option of both the holder and the issuer at a redemption
amount of $25 per share plus declared and unpaid dividends, and title the holder to non-cumulative preferential cash dividends at
6.7% per annum on the redemption amount. These preferred shares are non-voting and rank junior to the class B senior preferred
shares and the BUSHI Tracking Shares and senior to common shares of the entity. Due to the currently exercisable holder
redemption option, these shares are presented as a part of preferred share redeemable non-controlling interest within the
Company’s Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet, outside of permanent equity and measured at their redemption amount
plus any dividends declared and unpaid at each reporting date.
The Company recognizes any change of the carrying amount of its preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest in net
income (loss) attributable to preferred share redeemable non-controlling interest in its Consolidated and Combined Statement of
Operations.
Non-Controlling Interest of Consolidated Subsidiaries
Upon completion of the Arrangement, the Company issued various classes of equity interests of the Company’s subsidiaries to the
Corporation which have rights to priority distributions. Net income (loss) and other comprehensive income, if applicable,
generated by the respective subsidiaries is allocated to non-controlling interest in consolidated entities based on the substantive
contractual terms of the subsidiaries’ governing agreements that specify the allocation of income or loss.
135
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is measured based on the amount the Company expects to be entitled to under the contract with the customer and
excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct
good or service (or a bundle of goods and services) to the customer and is the unit of account in ASC 606. In determining the
transaction price, an entity may include variable consideration only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the
amount of cumulative revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is
resolved. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue, as, or
when, the performance obligation is satisfied. The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers control of a product or service
to a customer.
Revenues primarily consist of management and advisory fees, incentive fees (including incentive distributions and performance
fees), investment income, interest and dividend revenue and other revenue.
Management and advisory fees — Management and advisory fees are comprised of base management fees and transaction,
advisory and other fees and are accounted for as contracts with customers.
The Company earns base management fees from its customers at a fixed percentage of a calculation base which is typically
committed capital or invested capital or net asset value. The Company identifies its customers on a fund-by-fund basis in
accordance with the terms and circumstances of the individual fund. Generally, the customer is identified as the investor in its
managed funds and investment vehicles, but for certain widely held funds or vehicles, the fund or vehicle itself may be identified
as the customer. These customer contracts require the Company to provide investment management services over a period of
time, which represents a performance obligation that the Company satisfies over time. Management fees are a form of variable
consideration because the fees that the Company is entitled to vary based on fluctuations in the basis for the management fee. The
amount recorded as revenue is generally determined at the end of the period because these management fees are payable on a
regular basis (typically quarterly) and are not subject to claw back once paid.
Transaction, advisory and other fees are principally fees charged to the investors of funds indirectly through the managed funds
and portfolio companies. These fees are based on a fixed percentage of enterprise value or equity value of pooled capital raised
and are earned which generally coincides with when the capital is called. These fees are not tied to performance or ongoing
investment management services, are not subject to claw back and are recorded in the period in which the related transaction
closes.
Accrued but unpaid management and advisory fees, net of management fee reductions and management fee offsets, as of the
reporting date are included in Accounts receivable and other or Due from affiliates in the Consolidated and Combined Balance
Sheets.
Incentive distributions — Incentive distributions are incentive payments to reward the Company for meeting or exceeding certain
performance thresholds of managed entities. They are comprised of incentive distributions and performance fees.
Incentive distributions paid to us by our permanent capital vehicles are determined by contractual arrangements and represent a
portion of distributions paid by the permanent capital vehicles above a predetermined hurdle. They are accrued as revenue on the
respective affiliates’ distribution record dates only if the predetermined hurdle has been achieved. They are not subject to claw
back.
Incentive distributions will not be recognized until (a) it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative
revenue recognized will not occur, or (b) the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.
Performance fees — Performance fees are generated when the Company exceeds predetermined investment returns within
Brookfield Business Partners L.P. ("BBU") and on certain liquid strategy portfolios. BBU performance fees are based on the
quarterly volume-weighted average increase in BBU unit price over the previous threshold and are accrued on a quarterly basis,
whereas performance fees within liquid strategy funds are typically determined on an annual basis. These fees are not subject to
claw back.
Accrued but unpaid incentive distributions and performance fees are recorded within Due from affiliates in the Consolidated and
Combined Balance Sheets as of the reporting date.
136
Investment income (loss) — Investment income (loss) represents the unrealized and realized gains and losses on carried interest
and movements in the fair value of the principal investments.
Carried interest is a performance fee arrangement in which the Company receives a percentage of investment returns, generated
within a private fund on carry eligible capital, based on a contractual formula. We are eligible to earn carried interest from a fund
once returns exceed the fund’s contractually defined performance hurdles at which point, we earn an accelerated percentage of the
additional fund profit until we have earned the percentage of total fund profit, net of fees and expenses, to which we are entitled.
At the end of each reporting period, the Company calculates the balance of accrued carried interest that would be due to the
company for each fund, pursuant to the fund agreements, as if the fair value of the underlying investments were realized as of
such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair value of underlying investments varies between
reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to amounts recorded as accrued carried interest to reflect either (a) positive
performance resulting in an increase in the accrued carried interest to the general partner or (b) negative performance that would
cause the amount due to the Company to be less than the amount previously recognized as revenue, resulting in a negative
adjustment to the accrued carried interest to the general partner. These adjustments are recorded in the Consolidated and
Combined Statements of Operations as unrealized carried interest allocations in Investment income. In each scenario, it is
necessary to calculate the accrued carried interest on cumulative results compared to the accrued carried interest recorded to date
and make the required positive or negative adjustments. The Company ceases to record negative carried interest once previously
accrued carried interest for such funds have been fully reversed. The Company is not obligated to pay guaranteed returns or
hurdles, and therefore, cannot have negative carried interest over the life of a fund. Accrued carried interest as of the reporting
date is reflected in Investments on the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets.
Carried interest is realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in
excess of the preferred return or, in limited instances, after certain thresholds for return of capital are met. Carried interest is
subject to claw back to the extent that the carried interest received to date exceeds the amount due to the Company based on
cumulative results. The accrual for potential repayment of previously received carried interest would represent amounts
previously paid to the Company that would need to be repaid if these funds accruing carry were to be liquidated based on the fair
value of their underlying investments. This amount is estimated to be $nil for all periods presented and as a result no clawback
provision has been recognized in these Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements.
Fair value gains (losses) on principal investments include the unrealized and realized gains and losses on the Company’s principal
investments, including its investments in the funds that are not consolidated and receive pro-rata allocations and other principal
investments. Income (loss) on principal investments is realized when the Company redeems all or a portion of its investment or
when the Company receives cash income, such as dividends or distributions. Unrealized income (loss) on principal investments
results from changes in the fair value of the underlying investment as well as the reversal of unrealized gain (loss) at the time an
investment is realized.
Interest and dividend revenue — Interest and dividend revenue comprise primarily of interest and dividend income earned on
principal investments not accounted for under the equity method held by the Company.
Other (Expenses) Revenues
Other (expenses) revenues arises from the AMSA between the Manager and the Company and the Relationship Agreement
between the Manager, the Company, and the Corporation.
Under the AMSA, the Manager provides the services of its employees on a cost recovery basis. Expenses incurred under the
AMSA relating to these services is recognized as Other (expenses) revenues in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of
Operations on a gross basis as and when the services are performed by the Manager.
Under the Relationship Agreement, certain employee share-based and performance-based compensation costs are recovered from
the Corporation. Income generated under the Relationship Agreement relating to these instruments is recognized as Other
(expenses) revenues in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations on a gross basis as the instruments vest.
Certain liability classified share-based awards covered by the AMSA and Relationship Agreement are required to be revalued at
each balance sheet date. As a result, where the revaluation results in an increase in the share-based award liability, the Corporation
and the Company will reimburse the Manager while conversely, where the revaluation results in a decrease in the share-based
award liability, the Manager will be responsible for reimbursing the difference to the Corporation or the Company.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
U.S. GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability
used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the
137
type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace, including the
existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments with readily available quoted prices
in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in
measuring fair value.
Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in
the determination of fair values, as follows:
•
•
•
Level I — Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types
of financial instruments in Level I include listed equities and mutual funds with quoted prices. The Company does not adjust
the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and a sale could
reasonably impact the quoted price.
Level II — Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as
of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies.
Level III — Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and include situations where there is little, if any,
market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management
judgment or estimation.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the
determination of which category within the fair value hierarchy is appropriate for any given financial instrument is based on the
lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a
particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial
instrument.
Level II Valuation Techniques
Financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy are comprised of certain equity securities.
The valuation techniques used to value financial instruments classified within Level II of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
•
Equity Securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by
reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, the Company may use certain
information with respect to quotations from dealers, pricing matrices and market transactions in comparable investments and
various relationships between investments. The valuation of certain equity securities is based on an observable price for an
identical security adjusted for the effect of a restriction that is embodied in the security.
Level III Valuation Techniques
In the absence of observable market prices, the Company values its investments using valuation methodologies applied on a
consistent basis. For some investments where little market activity may exist; management’s determination of fair value is then
based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a
significant degree of judgment, taking into consideration a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate
risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks.
Real estate investments — The Company uses both the discounted cash flow method or the direct capitalization method to value
the real estate investments held in consolidated funds. Valuations may be derived by referencing observable valuation measures
for comparable assets and recent market transactions, adjusted for asset specific factors. Where a discounted cash flow method is
used, a terminal value is derived by referencing to a stabilized exit EBITDA and a capitalization rate.
Credit investments — The Company uses the discounted cash flow method to value credit investments that are not publicly traded
or whose market prices are not readily available. The discounted cash flow method projects the expected cash flows of the debt
instrument based on contractual terms and discounts such cash flows back to the valuation date using a market-based yield. The
market-based yield is estimated using yields of similar publicly traded debt instruments, subject to a liquidity discount.
138
Investments
Investments include (i) investments held by funds which the Company controls and consolidates and (ii) the Company’s
ownership interests (typically general partner interests) in nonconsolidated funds which are accounted for as equity method
investments.
(i) Investments at fair value under Consolidated Funds
Investments held in consolidated funds are measured at fair value as disclosed in Note 3. Upon the sale of an investment, the
realized net gain or loss is computed using the weighted average cost on a first in, first out basis. Securities transactions are
recorded on the trade date.
(ii) Company’s ownership interests in funds accounted for as equity method investments
Investments in which the Company is deemed to exert significant influence, but not control, are accounted for using the equity
method of accounting. The Company has significant influence over certain Brookfield funds in which it invests but does not
consolidate. Therefore, its investments in such Brookfield funds, which include both a proportionate and disproportionate
allocation of the profits and losses, are accounted for under the equity method.
In cases where the Company’s equity method investments provide for a disproportionate allocation of the profits and losses, the
Company’s share of earnings (losses) from equity method investments is determined using a balance sheet approach referred to as
the hypothetical liquidation at book value (“HLBV”) method. Under the HLBV method, at the end of each reporting period the
Company calculates the accrued carried interest that would be due to the Company pursuant to fund agreements as if the fair value
of the underlying investments were realized as of such date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. As the fair
value of the underlying investments varies between reporting periods, it is necessary to make adjustments to the amounts recorded
as carried interest to reflect either a positive performance resulting in an increase in the carried interest allocated to the general
partner or a negative performance that would cause the amount due to the Company to be less than the amount previously
recognized, resulting in a negative adjustment to carried interest allocated to the general partner. In each case, such accrued
carried interest will be recognized in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
Refer to Note 3 for details in relation to equity method investments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents represents cash on hand, cash held in banks, money market funds and liquid investments with original
maturities of three months or less. Interest income from cash and cash equivalents is recorded in Interest and dividend revenue in
the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
Intangibles and Goodwill
Identifiable finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from three
to twenty years, reflecting the contractual lives of such assets. Amortization expense is included within General and
administrative in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.
Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually utilizing a qualitative or quantitative approach, and more frequently if
circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The impairment testing for goodwill under the qualitative approach is
based first on a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company’s operating
segments is less than their respective carrying values. The operating segments are considered the reporting units for testing the
impairment of goodwill. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that an operating segment’s fair value is less than its
carrying value or when the quantitative approach is used, an impairment loss is recognized to the extent by which the carrying
value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment consist primarily of leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment, computer hardware
and software and are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are
calculated using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful economic lives, which for leasehold improvements are
the lesser of the lease term or the life of the asset, generally ten to fifteen years, and three to seven years for other fixed assets. The
Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying
amount may not be recoverable.
139
Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable includes management fees receivable from limited partners, receivables from underlying funds in the fund of
hedge funds business, placement and advisory fees receivables, receivables relating to unsettled sale transactions and loans
extended to unaffiliated third parties. Accounts receivable are assessed for credit loss at each reporting date. Amounts determined
to be uncollectible are charged directly to General and administrative expenses in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of
Operations.
Foreign Currency
The U.S. Dollar is the functional and presentation currency of the Company. The Company consolidates a number of entities that
have a non-U.S. Dollar functional currency. Each of the Company’s subsidiaries and associates determines its own functional
currency and items of each subsidiary and associate included in the Consolidated and Combined financial statements are
measured using that functional currency. Assets and liabilities of foreign operations having a functional currency other than the
U.S. Dollar are translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the reporting date and revenues and expenses at average rates
during the period. Gains or losses on translation are accumulated as a component of equity. On the disposal of a foreign operation,
or the loss of control, joint control or significant influence, the component of Accumulated other comprehensive income relating
to that foreign operation is reclassified to Net income in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations. Gains or losses
on foreign currency denominated balances and transactions that are designated as hedges of net investments in these operations
are reported in the same manner.
Foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities of the Company are translated using the rate of exchange prevailing
at the reporting date, and non-monetary assets and liabilities measured at fair value are translated at the rate of exchange
prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Revenues and expenses are measured at average rates during the
period. Gains or losses on translation of these items are included in earnings. Foreign currency denominated non-monetary assets
and liabilities, measured at historic cost, are translated at the rate of exchange at the transaction date.
Compensation, benefits and fund operating expenses — Compensation and carried interest compensation
Compensation — Compensation consists of (a) salary and bonus, and benefits paid and payable to employees, and (b) share-based
compensation associated with the grants of share-based awards to employees. Compensation cost relating to the issuance of share-
based awards to senior management and employees is accounted for in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation — Stock
Compensation. These awards are measured at fair value at the grant date and expensed over the vesting period, except in the case
of share-based awards that do not require future service, which are expensed immediately. Cash settled share-based awards and
awards settled in a variable number of shares for a fixed monetary amount are classified as liabilities and are remeasured at the
end of each reporting period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
Prior to the completion of the Arrangement, share-based compensation expense was allocated to the Company based on the
awards and terms previously granted to its employees under the Corporation's share-based compensation plans. The value of these
long term incentive plans changed as a result of the spin-off of the asset management business. In order to make award
participants whole following the Arrangement, the Corporation and the Manager modified the strike price of the historical awards
and issued additional Manager awards such that participants would receive the same economic outcome immediately before and
after the spin-off. As part of the execution of the Arrangement, certain employees are now employed by the Company and any
unvested amounts cease to be recognized by the non-employing entity. The Company assessed the fair value of the modified
instruments immediately before and after the spin-off date to determine if there was any change in value and will account for the
impact of the modification and recognizes any relevant incremental fair value generated at the time of the spin-off prospectively.
In addition, the Manager may issue options and other long-term incentive awards to employees of the Company, and the
Company may reimburse the Manager for the costs associated with these awards. Compensation costs associated with these
instruments are recorded on a gross basis in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations as the instruments vest.
Refer to Note 8 for further details of the Company's share-based compensation.
Carried Interest Compensation — Unrealized and realized carried interest is performance-based compensation associated with
realized or unrealized carried interest based on performance of investments on a fund-by-fund basis. Such compensation expense
is subject to both positive and negative adjustments.
140
Other (expenses) income, net
Other (expenses) income, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations includes net unrealized gains (losses)
resulting from changes in the fair value of the company’s investments in common shares in addition to investments in its
sponsored funds.
Income taxes
The Company is an unlimited liability company organized under the provincial laws of British Columbia and is subject to
Canadian federal and provincial income taxes.
Prior to the Arrangement, the Company's domestic and foreign operating results were included in the income tax returns of the
Corporation. The Company accounted for income taxes under the separate return method. Under the approach, the Company
determined its deferred tax assets and liabilities and related tax expenses as if it were filing separate tax returns.
The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this
approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities are recovered or paid. Income taxes as presented attribute deferred income taxes of the Company's standalone
Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements in a manner that is systematic, rational, and consistent with the asset and
liability method.
The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes
during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities
and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when such changes are enacted. Valuation allowances are recorded to
reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.
The Company analyzes its tax filing positions in all jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all
open tax years in these jurisdictions. Tax benefits associated with actual or expected income tax positions are recognized when the
“more likely than not” recognition threshold is met. The tax benefits are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater
than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the related tax authority.
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions within the provision for income taxes in
the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
Related parties
In the normal course of operations, the Company enters into various transactions on market terms with related parties, including
amounts in Due from/to affiliates. The Company and its subsidiaries may also transact with entities that share a common parent.
Amounts owed to and by associates and joint ventures are not eliminated on consolidation.
The Company has certain loans and receivables within Due from Affiliates (Note 10) which are long-term in nature. These
receivables are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at their amortized cost bases with interest recognized
using the interest method.
In addition to the Relationship Agreement and AMSA, the Corporation, the Manager and the Company have entered into the TSA
pursuant to which (i) the Company agrees to provide the Corporation and the Manager, on a transitional basis, certain services to
support day-to-day corporate activities (including services related to finance, treasury, accounting, legal and regulatory,
marketing, communications, human resources, internal audit, information technology) and (ii) the Corporation provides, on a
transitional basis, certain services to the Manager and the Company to facilitate the orderly transition of the asset management
business (the services, collectively, being "Transitional Services"). The Transitional Services are provided, at cost, for a period of
three years from December 9, 2022, unless extended by mutual agreement. The Company also provides to the Corporation, as
required from time to time and on a cost recovery basis, services of its investment personnel to assist in acquisitions or other
transactions undertaken by the Corporation.
In the normal course of business, the Manager issues its share-based compensation awards to the Company’s employees. The
Company accounts for such transactions in accordance with ASC 323 Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures, and
recognizes the entire cost of the awards, as they vest, as compensation expense and a corresponding increase in additional paid-in
capital. As the Company reimburses the Manager for the cost of these awards, the reimbursement is recognized as a decrease in
additional paid-in capital. As such, this arrangement with the Manager has a net impact on the Company’s Consolidated and
Combined Financial Statements as if the Company had paid for the employee compensation in cash. To the extent that the
Company reimburses the Manager before the associated awards vest, the Company recognizes the prepayment in Due from
Affiliates.
141
See Note 15 for further detail on the related party transactions.
Dividends
Dividends are reflected in the Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements when declared.
Derivatives
Derivative financial instruments under ASC 815, Derivative and Hedging are recognized on the Consolidated and Combined
Balance Sheet at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.
Purchased or written options on equity interests of several of our equity method investments that do not meet the definition of a
derivative are recognized on the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet on a gross basis as Other Assets or Other Liabilities
within Accounts Receivable and Other or Accounts Payable and Other, respectively. These financial instruments are measured at
fair value with changes in fair value recognized in Other Income (Expense), net.
Recent accounting pronouncements
The Brookfield Asset Management ULC considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standard Updates ("ASUs")
issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). ASUs not listed below were assessed and either determined to be
not applicable or expected to have minimal impact on the company's consolidated financial statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, which requires the disclosure of significant segment expenses that are part of
an entity’s segment measure of profit or loss and regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. In addition, it adds or
makes clarifications to other segment-related disclosures, such as clarifying that the disclosure requirements in ASC 280 are
required for entities with a single reportable segment and that an entity may disclose multiple measures of segment profit and loss.
The amendments in this update apply to all public entities that are required to report segment information in accordance with
Topic 280, Segment Reporting. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods
beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this update.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, which amends the Codification to enhance the transparency and decision
usefulness of income tax disclosures. This ASU requires additional disaggregation of the reconciliation between the statutory and
effective tax rate for an entity and of income taxes paid, both of which are disclosures required by current GAAP. The
amendments improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation
of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments in the update
are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. For entities other than public business entities, the
amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Management is currently evaluating the impact
of this update.
In addition to the ASUs identified above management has considered the proposal by the Organization for Economic Co-
operating and Development ("OECD") which has proposed a global minimum tax of 15% of reported profits ("Pillar 2") that has
been agreed upon in principle by over 140 countries. The Company operates in countries which have enacted new legislation to
implement the global minimum top-up tax. The newly enacted legislation is effective from January 1, 2024 and there is no current
tax impact for the year ended December 31, 2023. The global minimum top-up tax is not anticipated to have a significant impact
on the financial position of the Company.
Correction of Immaterial Errors in Previously Issued Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements
In the current period, Brookfield Asset Management ULC identified an immaterial error which has been corrected in the current
period. The error relates to the recognition of carried interest earned from certain mature funds. The impact of this error on the
Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheet results in an increase in carried interest receivable of $133 million in fiscal 2022. As
this accrued carried interest relates to funds attributable to our redeemable preferred shares, there is an increase in preferred shares
redeemable non-controlling interest of $104 million in fiscal 2022 with the difference recognized in deferred tax liabilities and
accounts payable and other liabilities.
The impact of the above error to the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations results in an increase in carried
interest revenue of $1 million and an increase in other revenue of $16 million in fiscal 2022, with an increase in compensation
expense by $8 million, income tax expense by $2 million as well as net income attributable to preferred share redeemable non-
controlling interest by $7 million for fiscal 2022. The impact to net income is $7 million in fiscal 2022, and has no impact to net
income attributable to common stockholders and no impact on BAM ULC's Consolidated and Combined Statements of
Comprehensive Income, and Consolidated and Combined Statements of Cash flows.
142
The comparative figures have not been corrected to reflect the correction of this immaterial error.
3.
INVESTMENTS
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Common shares (a) ........................................................................................................... $
Investments in affiliates (b) ...............................................................................................
Accrued carried interest - mature funds (c) ......................................................................
Accrued carried interest - new funds (c) ...........................................................................
Equity method investments (d) .........................................................................................
Equity interest in Oaktree ...............................................................................................
Equity interest in other affiliates ....................................................................................
$
2023
77 $
1,197
1,394
305
4,191
358
7,522 $
2022
75
1,309
1,147
124
3,940
282
6,877
Where appropriate, the accounting for the Company’s investments incorporates the changes in fair value of those investments.
(a) As at December 31, 2023, common share investments were $77 million. Common shares primarily represents investments of
$64 million in Brookfield Renewable Energy L.P. (2022 - $64 million). Common share investments are carried at fair value with
changes in fair value recorded on the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations in Other (expenses) income, net.
(b) As at December 31, 2023, Investments in affiliates are primarily comprised of an interest in BSREP III of $1.1 billion (2022 –
$1.2 billion) which is accounted for as an equity investment measured at its net asset value ("NAV") in accordance with ASC 321,
Investments - Equity Securities.
(c) Accrued carried interest represents the disproportionate allocation of capital from our private funds to the extent that such
interest is provided for in the relevant fund agreements. Accrued carried interest is accounted for using the equity method of
accounting based on the Company’s entitlement to the funds’ net assets as if all investments were liquidated at fair value and all
liabilities were satisfied, net of the cumulative amounts that have already been realized. As stipulated in the Relationship
Agreement, accrued carried interest in mature funds, as defined therein is attributed to the Corporation at 100% and accrued
carried interest in new funds, including current funds and open-ended funds, as defined therein, is attributed to the Corporation at
33.3%. Such attribution is achieved via Tracking Shares and non-controlling interests in some of our subsidiaries that are entitled
to such carried interest.
The change in the Company’s accrued carried interest for mature funds during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as
follows:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period ............................................................................................ $
Changes in fund fair values .................................................................................................
Realized carried interest ......................................................................................................
Balance, end of period ....................................................................................................... $
2023
1,147 $
298
(51)
1,394 $
2022
676
600
(129)
1,147
The change in the Company’s accrued carried interest for new funds during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as
follows:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of period ............................................................................................ $
Changes in fund fair values .................................................................................................
Balance, end of period ....................................................................................................... $
2023
124 $
181
305 $
2022
—
124
124
(d) The Company’s equity method investments include a 68% (2022 - 64%) economic interest in Oaktree which was initially
acquired on September 30, 2019, a 49.9% (2022 – 49.9%) economic interest in LCM Partner Group transferred into the Company
as part of the Arrangement, a 35% economic interest in Primary Wave acquired on October 3, 2022, a 24.9% economic interest in
Concord acquired on December 8, 2023, and a number of general partner investments in our private funds. The Company has
143
significant influence, but not control, over the operating and financial policies of these equity method investees by virtue of
having the ability to appoint members of these investee’s governing bodies.
The Company's increased investment in Oaktree during the year resulted in the recognition of an incremental $141 million of
intangible assets related to customer relationships, which will be amortized over a period of 10 to 15 years. The Company does
not control Oaktree due to its less than 50% of board representation and other contractual agreements that prevent the Company
from having a controlling financial interest.
The Company recognized in Share of Income from Equity Accounted Investments in its Consolidated and Combined Statement of
Operations its share of earnings or losses from all of its equity method investments of $167 million and $146 million for the years
ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 respectively.
The summarized financial information of all of the Company’s equity method investments for the years ended December 31, 2023
and 2022, is as follows:
AS AT DECEMBER 31
(MILLIONS)
Investments ......................................................................................................................... $
Assets ..................................................................................................................................
Liabilities .............................................................................................................................
Capital .................................................................................................................................
Non-controlling interest ......................................................................................................
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Revenues ............................................................................................................................. $
Expense ...............................................................................................................................
Net loss ................................................................................................................................
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest ............................................................
4. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
2023
64,978 $
69,392
22,324
46,606
462
2023
2,426 $
(2,806)
(380)
12
2022
40,019
44,908
21,256
23,168
483
2022
3,462
(3,559)
(97)
186
The Company consolidates certain VIEs for which it is the primary beneficiary either directly or indirectly, through another
consolidated entity. VIEs include certain credit focused entities within the Oaktree platform, whereby the purpose of such VIEs is
to provide a vehicle that allocates our share of its performance-based fees between the Company and the Corporation. The
fundamental risks of these consolidated VIEs, mainly include loss of invested capital and performance-based fees. The Company
does not provide performance guarantees and has no other financial obligation to provide funding to consolidated VIEs. The
assets of consolidated VIEs may only be used to settle obligations of these entities. In addition, there is no recourse to the
Company for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not provide
financial or other support to consolidated VIEs.
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Cash and Cash Equivalents .................................................................................................................................. $
Investments ...........................................................................................................................................................
Other Assets ..........................................................................................................................................................
Total Assets .........................................................................................................................................................
2023
Other Liabilities .................................................................................................................................................... $
Total Liabilities ...................................................................................................................................................
Equity ................................................................................................................................................................... $
—
891
—
891
—
—
891
The Company holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated as it has been determined that the Company is
not the primary beneficiary. VIEs that are not consolidated predominately include investment funds sponsored by or managed by
the Company. The Company's investment strategies differ by investment fund; however, the fundamental risks have similar
characteristics, including loss of invested capital and loss of management and performance income. The Company's maximum
exposure to loss as a result of its investments in the unconsolidated investment funds is the carrying value of such investments,
144
including the Company's capital interest and any unrealized carried interest. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 the
Company did not provide any financial and other support to unconsolidated VIEs other than its obligated commitments.
The assets and liabilities recognized in the Company's Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets related to its maximum
exposure to loss of those VIEs of which the Company is determined not to be the primary beneficiary, the non-consolidated VIEs,
are as follows:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Investments ........................................................................................................................................................... $
Due from affiliates ................................................................................................................................................
VIE related assets ...............................................................................................................................................
Maximum exposure to loss ................................................................................................................................ $
2023
893
5
898
898
5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair value approximates carrying value for the following financial instruments that are not measured at fair value in the
Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements: Accounts receivable and other (except as otherwise indicated below),
Accounts payable and other (except as otherwise indicated below), Due to affiliates and Due from affiliates, and Accrued carried
interest.
The following tables summarize the fair value hierarchy of financial assets and liabilities of the Company that are measured at fair
value as at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Assets ................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................................. $
Accounts receivable and other ..........................................................
Common shares .................................................................................
Total assets ....................................................................................... $
Liabilities ..........................................................................................
Accounts payable and other .............................................................. $
Total liabilities ................................................................................. $
AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Assets ................................................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents ................................................................. $
Accounts receivable and other ..........................................................
Common shares .................................................................................
Total assets ....................................................................................... $
Liabilities ..........................................................................................
Accounts payable and other .............................................................. $
Total liabilities ................................................................................. $
Level I
Level II
Level III
Total
2,667 $
—
—
2,667 $
— $
— $
— $
—
—
— $
— $
— $
— $
37
77
114 $
122 $
122 $
2,667
37
77
2,781
—
122
122
Level I
Level II
Level III
Total
3,545 $
—
—
3,545 $
— $
— $
— $
—
—
— $
— $
— $
— $
52
75
127 $
190 $
190 $
3,545
52
75
3,672
—
190
190
The fair value measurement of items categorized in Level III of the fair value hierarchy is subject to valuation uncertainty arising
from the use of significant unobservable inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of
financial assets and liabilities recurringly measured at fair value are discount rates and capitalization rates. Significant increases
(decreases) in these inputs in isolation would have resulted in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement. The
following tables summarize the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level III of the fair value
hierarchy as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
145
AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Common shares ..................................................................................................... $
Accounts receivable and other ...............................................................................
Accounts payable and other ..................................................................................
Fair Value
Valuation techniques
77 See note (a) and (b)
37 See note (a) and (d)
122 See note (a) and (c)
AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2022
(MILLIONS)
Common shares ...................................................................................................... $
Accounts receivable and other ................................................................................
Accounts payable and other ....................................................................................
Fair Value
Valuation techniques
75 See note (a) and (b)
52 See note (a) and (d)
190 See note (a) and (c)
(a) Unobservable inputs were weighted based on the fair value of the investments included in the range.
(b) Common shares as at December 31, 2023 primarily represents investments related to the Company’s $64 million (2022- $64
million) investment in Brookfield Renewable Energy L.P. which are being recorded at fair value on the Consolidated and
Combined Balance Sheets.
(c) Accounts payable and other recorded at fair value and categorized in Level III relate to a put option held by other investors of
Oaktree and Primary Wave under which the Company may be required to purchase additional shares of these investees using a
prescribed valuation methodology in exchange for cash, Class A shares of the Corporation or other forms of consideration at the
discretion of the Company. The fair value of these instruments is determined quarterly using a Monte Carlo simulation and
various inputs prepared by management.
(d) Accounts receivable and other recorded at fair value and categorized in Level III relate to a call option held by the Company to
acquire additional shares of Primary Wave from other investors of the investee using a prescribed valuation methodology in
exchange for cash, Class A shares of the Corporation or other forms of consideration at the discretion of the Company. The fair
value of this instrument is determined quarterly using a Monte Carlo simulation and various inputs prepared by management.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, there have been no changes in valuation techniques within Level III that have had a
material impact on the valuation of financial instruments.
The following tables summarize the changes in financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value for which the Company has
used Level III inputs to determine fair value. These tables also exclude financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a
non-recurring basis. Total realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded for Level III investments are reported in Other
(expenses) income, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations.
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Balance as at December 31, 2022 .................................................... $
Net purchases .....................................................................................
Gains (losses) included in earnings ....................................................
Balance as at December 31, 2023 .................................................... $
Common shares
Accounts
receivable and
other
Accounts
payable and
other
75 $
2
—
77 $
52 $
—
(15)
37 $
190
—
(68)
122
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
2022
(MILLIONS)
Balance as at December 31, 2021 ... $
Net (redemptions) purchases .............
Activity included within earnings .....
Balance as at December 31, 2022 ... $
Common
shares
Investment
in affiliates
Accounts
receivable
and other
Preferred
shares
Loans to
related
parties
Borrowings
from
parties
562 $
(487)
—
75 $
6,204 $
(7,122)
918
— $
— $
52
—
52 $
1,557 $
(1,557)
—
— $
545 $
(540)
(5)
— $
4,102 $
(4,102)
—
— $
Accounts
payable
and other
69
121
—
190
6. REVENUE
The Company focuses on a number of investment strategies, specifically renewable power and transition, infrastructure, real
estate, private equity, and credit and other, operating in various markets including the United States, Canada, and the rest of the
world.
146
The following table sets out revenue disaggregated by investment strategy.
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023
Management and advisory fees, net ............. $
Incentive distributions ..................................
Infrastructure Real estate
821 $
265
1,086 $
781 $
—
781 $
454 $
111
565 $
Renewable
power and
transition
$
Renewable
power and
transition
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022
Management and advisory fees, net ............. $
Incentive distributions ..................................
7.
INCOME TAXES
$
Infrastructure Real estate
737 $
240
977 $
800 $
—
800 $
455 $
95
550 $
Private
equity
Credit and
other
Total
279 $
—
279 $
431 $
—
431 $
2,766
376
3,142
Private
equity
Credit and
other
Total
218 $
—
218 $
290 $
—
290 $
2,500
335
2,835
The Company’s Canadian statutory income tax rate has remained consistent at 27% during the year ended December 31, 2023,
and 2022.
The following is a summary of the Company's income tax expense.
The income before provision for taxes consists of the following:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Canadian ............................................................................................................................. $
Foreign ................................................................................................................................
$
The provision for taxes consists of the following:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Current
2023
2022
952 $
1,602
2,554 $
752
2,740
3,492
2023
2022
Canadian ........................................................................................................................... $
Foreign ..............................................................................................................................
Total provision for current tax ............................................................................................
Deferred
Canadian ...........................................................................................................................
Foreign ..............................................................................................................................
Total provision for deferred tax ..........................................................................................
$
84 $
251
335
26
56
82
417 $
174
117
291
29
307
336
627
147
The company's effective income tax rate is different from the company's statutory income tax rate due to the following differences
set out below:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Statutory income tax rate ....................................................................................................
(Reduction) increase in rate resulting from:
Incentive distributions ......................................................................................................
International operations subject to different tax rates ......................................................
Taxable income attributable to non-controlling interests .................................................
Portion of gains subject to different tax rates ...................................................................
Other .................................................................................................................................
Effective income tax rate ....................................................................................................
A summary of the tax effects of the temporary differences is as follows:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Assets
2023
2022
27 %
(3) %
(4) %
(1) %
(2) %
(1) %
16 %
2023
2022
Losses (Canada) ................................................................................................................ $
Losses (Foreign) ...............................................................................................................
Investment basis differences/net unrealized gains and losses ..........................................
Deferred income tax assets ................................................................................................. $
Liabilities
Investment basis differences/net unrealized gains and losses ..........................................
Deferred income tax liabilities ............................................................................................ $
— $
726
(83)
643 $
40
40 $
27 %
(3) %
— %
(7) %
— %
1 %
18 %
24
1,023
(308)
739
17
17
As at December 31, 2023, the company has Canadian non-capital loss carryforwards of nil (as at December 31, 2022 – $89
million), and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $3.5 billion (2022 – $5 billion) that expire after 2026.
As of December 31, 2023, the company has accumulated undistributed earnings generated by certain foreign subsidiaries, which it
intends to indefinitely reinvest and have not recorded any deferred taxes with respect to outside tax basis difference on these
subsidiaries.
As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any material unrecognized tax benefits related to
uncertain tax positions.
The Company files its tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of
business, the Company is subject to examination by Canadian and foreign tax authorities. As of December 31, 2023, the
company’s Canadian income tax returns for the years 2019 through 2022 are open under the normal four-year statute of
limitations and therefore subject to examination. Certain subsidiaries’ tax returns for 2018 through 2022 are open to examination.
8. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
The Manager and the Corporation, related parties of the Company, have granted share-based compensation awards to certain
employees and non-employee directors of the Company under a number of compensation plans (the “Equity Plans”). The Equity
Plans provide for the granting of share options, restricted shares, escrowed shares and deferred share and restricted share units
which contain certain service or performance requirements of the Manager or the Corporation.
The expense recognized for share-based compensation is summarized in the following table:
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Expenses arising from equity-settled share-based payment transactions ............................ $
Expense (recovery) arising from cash-settled share-based payment transactions ..............
$
2023
86 $
12
98 $
2022
132
(195)
(63)
148
The share-based payment plans are described below.
Management Share Option Plan
Options issued under the Management Share Option Plan (“MSOP”) of both the Corporation and the Manager vest over a period
of up to five years, expire ten years after the grant date and are settled through issuance of Class A shares of the Corporation or
the Manager. The exercise price is equal to the market price at the grant date. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the total
expense incurred with respect to MSOP totaled $24 million (2022 – $26 million).
The change in the number of options during the year ended December 31, 2023 was as follows:
Brookfield Asset Management
Ltd.1
Brookfield Corporation2
Number of
Options
(000's)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
25.61
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ......................................
21.60
Transferred ..........................................................................
—
Granted ...............................................................................
17.18
Exercised ............................................................................
39.87
Cancelled ............................................................................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 ................................
28.15
1 - Represents the continuity of the Manager options relating to only those employees of the Company based on the Manager's weighted average exercise price
which differs from that of the Corporation.
2 - Represents the continuity of the Corporation's options relating to only those employees of the Company based on the Corporation's weighted average
exercise price which differs from that of the Manager.
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
22.87
19.18
35.13
16.99
35.27
30.81
21,828 $
(1,771)
—
(1,351)
(239)
18,467 $
5,631 $
(455)
5,721
(652)
(276)
9,969 $
Number of
Options
(000's)
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Manager MSOP granted for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $5.26
(2022- $3.50), and was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
(MILLIONS)
22.90
Weighted-average share price ...................................................................
7.4
Average term to exercise ...........................................................................
Share price volatility1
22.2
................................................................................
25.0
Liquidity discount .....................................................................................
1.8
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ..................................................
2.1
Risk-free rate .............................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with Brookfield Corporation's historical share prices over a similar period to the
average term to exercise.
35.13 $
7.5
28.5
25.0
4.6
3.9
US$ $
Years
%
%
%
%
2022
2023
Unit
The weighted-average grant date fair value of the Corporation MSOP granted for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $8.82,
and was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model, with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
(MILLIONS)
46.62
Weighted-average share price .............................................................................................
7.5
Average term to exercise .....................................................................................................
Share price volatility1
24.8
..........................................................................................................
25.0
Liquidity discount ...............................................................................................................
1.4
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ............................................................................
1.9
Risk-free rate .......................................................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with Brookfield Corporation's historical share price over a similar period to the
average term to exercise.
Years
%
%
%
%
US$ $
2022
Unit
Escrowed Stock Plan
Under the Escrowed Stock ("ES") Plans, executives are granted common shares (the “ES Shares”) in one or more private
escrowed companies that own Class A shares of the Manager and the Corporation. The ES Shares generally vest over five years
149
and must be held to the fifth anniversary of the grant date. At a date no more than ten years from the grant date, all outstanding ES
Shares will be exchanged for Class A shares issued by the Corporation or the Manager based on the increase in market value
between the date of grant and date of exercise of the respective Class A shares at the time of the exchange. An equal number of
Class A shares held in the private escrow companies will be cancelled such that the issuance of shares to employees is non-
dilutive. In general, the shares issued on exchange will be less than the Class A shares purchased under the ES Plan resulting in a
net reduction in the number of Class A shares issued. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the total expense incurred with
respect to the ES Plan totaled $14 million (2022 – $51 million).
The changes in the number of ES shares during 2023 were as follows:
Brookfield Asset Management
Ltd.1
Brookfield Corporation2
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ......................................
Transferred ..........................................................................
Granted ...............................................................................
Cancelled ............................................................................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 ................................
Number of
Options
(000's)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
29.64
29.64
35.13
—
32.18
2,361 $
(575)
1,535
—
3,321 $
Number of
Options
(000's)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
35.23
34.71
—
43.51
35.36
10,141 $
(2,299)
—
(15) —
$
7,827 $ 32.18
1 - Represents the continuity of the Manager ES relating to only those employees of the Company based on the Manager's weighted average exercise price
which differs from that of the Corporation.
2 - Represents the continuity of the Corporation ES relating to only those employees of the Company. based on the Corporation's weighted average exercise
price which differs from that of the Manager.
The weighted-average grant date fair value of Brookfield Asset Management Ltd. escrowed shares granted for the year ended
December 31, 2023 was $5.26 (2022 – $3.83), and was determined using the Black-Scholes model of valuation with inputs to the
model as follows:
Unit
FOR THE YEAR AND PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
29.64
Weighted-average share price ............................................................
6.9
Average term to exercise ...................................................................
Share price volatility1
28.9
.........................................................................
25.0
Liquidity discount ..............................................................................
5.3
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ...........................................
3.7
Risk-free rate ......................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with the Corporation's historical share prices over a similar period to the average
term to exercise.
35.13 $
7.5
28.5
25.0
4.6
3.9
US$ $
Years
%
%
%
%
2023
2022
The weighted-average grant date fair value of Brookfield Corporation escrowed shares granted for the year ended December 31,
2022 was $7.66, and was determined using the Black-Scholes model of valuation with inputs to the model as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31
(MILLIONS)
36.28
Weighted-average share price .............................................................................................
7.2
Average term to exercise .....................................................................................................
Share price volatility1
26.7
..........................................................................................................
25.0
Liquidity discount ...............................................................................................................
1.0
Weighted-average annual dividend yield ............................................................................
3.7
Risk-free rate .......................................................................................................................
1 - Share price volatility was determined based on implied volatilities consistent with the Corporation's historical share prices over a similar period to the average
term to exercise.
US$ $
Years
%
%
%
%
2022
Unit
150
Restricted Stock Plan
The Restricted Stock Plan awards executives with Class A shares of the Corporation and the Manager purchased on the open
market (“Restricted Shares”). Under the Restricted Stock Plan, Restricted Shares awarded vest over a period of up to five years,
except for Restricted Shares awarded in lieu of a cash bonus, which may vest immediately. Vested and unvested Restricted Shares
are subject to a hold period of up to five years. Holders of Restricted Shares are entitled to vote Restricted Shares and to receive
associated dividends. Employee compensation expense for the Restricted Stock Plan is charged against income over the vesting
period.
Compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $48 million (2022 – $55 million).
Deferred Share Unit Plan and Restricted Share Unit Plan
The Deferred Share Unit ("DSU") Plan and Restricted Share Unit ("RSU") Plan provides for the issuance of DSUs and RSUs,
respectively. Under these plans, qualifying employees and directors receive varying percentages of their annual incentive bonus or
directors’ fees in the form of DSUs and RSUs. The DSUs and RSUs vest over periods of up to five years, and DSUs accumulate
additional DSUs at the same rate as dividends on Class A shares of the Corporation and the Manager based on the market value of
the Class A shares at the time of the dividend. Participants are not allowed to convert DSUs and RSUs into cash until retirement
or cessation of employment.
The value of the DSUs, when converted to cash, will be equivalent to the market value of the Class A shares of the Corporation
and the Manager at the time the conversion takes place. The value of the RSUs, when converted into cash, will be equivalent to
the difference between the market price of equivalent number of Class A shares of the Corporation or the Manager at the time the
conversion takes place and the market price on the date the RSUs are granted. The fair value of the vested DSUs and RSUs as at
December 31, 2023 was $181 million (2022 – $168 million).
Employee compensation expense for these plans is charged against net income over the vesting period of the DSUs and RSUs.
For those awards issued as part of the Arrangement, the mark-to-market movement is recoverable from the Corporation. The
amount payable in respect of vested DSUs and RSUs changes as a result of dividends and share price movements. All of
the amounts attributable to changes in the amounts payable by the Company are recorded as employee compensation expense in
the period of the change. For the year ended December 31, 2023, employee compensation expense totaled $12 million (2022 –
recovery of $195 million).
The change in the number of DSUs and RSUs outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2023 was as follows:
DSUs
RSUs
Number of Units
Tracking to BAM
Ltd. share price
(000's)
Outstanding as at January 1, 2023 ...............
Transferred ...................................................
Granted and reinvested ................................
Exercised and cancelled ...............................
Outstanding as at December 31, 2023 .........
915
(123)
30
(34)
788
Number of Units
Tracking to BN
share price (000's)
3,856
(547)
27
(133)
3,203
Number of Units
Tracking to BN
share price
(000's)
Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price (CAD)
823 $
(253)
—
—
570 $
3.92
3.92
—
—
3.92
9. PREFERRED SHARES REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
In December 2022, at the time of the spin-off, BUSHI and BMHL, subsidiaries of the Company, entered into arrangements with
the Corporation whereby BUSHI and BMHL issued preferred shares to the Corporation in exchange for the Corporation's
holdings in BUSHI's and BMHL's common shares.
The preferred shares, which we also refer to as tracking shares, represent a class of ownership senior to common stock and
subordinate to debt and are entitled to quarterly dividends when declared by BUSHI and BMHL. The BUSHI preferred shares are
redeemable at the option of the issuer, whose board is controlled by the holder, after 10 years and the BMHL preferred shares are
redeemable when a redemption triggering event has occurred. As the Company does not solely control the redemption event,
these preferred shares are accounted for as redeemable non-controlling interests.
In addition to the tracking shares, BUSHI has also issued class B senior preferred shares and class B preferred shares. The class B
senior preferred shares entitle the holder to cumulative preferential cash dividends at $1.36375 per share per annum and are
151
ranked senior to the Tracking Shares, class B preferred shares and common shares. The class B senior preferred shares are
redeemable by the issuer, whose board is controlled by the Corporation, upon the tenth anniversary of issuance at a redemption
amount of $25 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividend. The class B preferred shares are redeemable at the option of both the
holder and the issuer at $25 per share (the redemption amount) plus unpaid dividends. These preferred shares are non-voting and
rank junior to the BUSHI tracking shares and senior to common shares of the entity, and are entitled to non-cumulative cash
dividends at 6.7% per annum on their redemption amount.
The Company accounts for the changes in the value of the redeemable non-controlling interest in accordance with ASC 480,
Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. The Company elects for the BUSHI tracking shares and class B senior preferred shares to
recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying amount to equal the redemption
value at the end of each reporting period. As the BMHL tracking shares are not currently redeemable and management has
determined that it is not probable that the instrument will become redeemable no subsequent adjustment in the value of the
preferred shares is expected. The BUSHI class B preferred shares are currently redeemable and are therefore measured at their
redemption amount at each reporting date. However, no adjustment to the carrying value of the class B preferred shares is
expected as dividends declared are expected to be paid on or prior to each reporting date.
The Company had 100 BUSHI Tracking Shares and 100 BMHL Tracking Shares outstanding as at December 31, 2023 with a
carrying value equal to redemption value of $2.2 billion and $nil, respectively. In addition, the company had 1,621,093 BUSHI
class B senior preferred shares and 2,520,571 BUSHI class B preferred shares outstanding as at December 31, 2023 with a
carrying value equal to their redemption value of $41 million and $63 million, respectively.
The movement in the carrying value of the preferred shares redeemable non-controlling interest is as follows:
AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023
(MILLIONS)
Opening balance ................................................................................................................. $
Net issuances ........................................................................................................................
Changes in redemption value included in net income attributable to preferred shares non-
controlling interest ................................................................................................................
Balance as at December 31, 2023 ...................................................................................... $
10. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Accounts receivable ............................................................................................................ $
Prepaid expenses .................................................................................................................
Other assets .........................................................................................................................
$
Other assets is primarily comprised of tax recoveries not yet collected.
11. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Accounts payable ................................................................................................................ $
Accrued liabilities ...............................................................................................................
Other liabilities ....................................................................................................................
$
Other liabilities are primarily comprised of current taxes payable and accrued bonuses.
12. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Property, plant, and equipment ........................................................................................... $
Leasehold improvements .....................................................................................................
$
2023
1,811 $
93
262
2,166 $
2023
278 $
124
186
588 $
2023
537 $
774
488
1,799 $
2023
33 $
40
73 $
2022
—
1,776
35
1,811
2022
245
61
123
429
2022
376
991
475
1,842
2022
24
44
68
152
13. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The carrying value of Goodwill was $251 million as of December 31, 2023 ($249 million - 2022).
Intangible assets, net consists of the following:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Contractual customer relationships ..................................................................................... $
Accumulated amortization and impairment ........................................................................
Intangible assets, net ........................................................................................................... $
Changes in intangible assets, net consists of the following:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Balance, beginning of year ................................................................................................. $
Amortization ......................................................................................................................
Impairment and other .........................................................................................................
Balance, end of year ........................................................................................................... $
2023
155 $
(113)
42 $
2023
59 $
(3)
(14)
42 $
2022
82
(23)
59
2022
64
(2)
(3)
59
Intangible assets consist of acquired contractual rights to earn future fee income, which have a weighted-average amortization
period of 6 years as well as indefinite life intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets held at December 31, 2023 is
expected to be $3 million, $3 million, $2 million, $2 million, and $2 million for each of the years ending December 31, 2024,
2025, 2026, 2027 and 2028, respectively.
In accordance with ASC 350 Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, management has performed an annual impairment assessment of
goodwill. In each instance the fair value was found to be in excess of the carrying value of the relevant reporting unit. In one
instance a goodwill balance of Public Securities Group Holdings LLC, associated with historical acquisitions was identified as
having a carrying value in excess of fair value by $13 million which has been recognized as an impairment recorded in Other
(expenses) income, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations.
In addition, an assessment of impairment was performed with respect to certain intangible assets and it was found that the fair
value of certain contractual customer relationships was less than the carrying value. As a result an impairment of $13 million has
been recorded in Other (expenses) income, net in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations.
The fair value of the reporting units for both goodwill and intangibles was determined utilizing a discounted cashflow model
along with inputs from assessing multiples of publicly traded companies.
The key assumptions used in the calculation of fair value included assumptions on growth rates, effective tax rates, operating
margins, and the weighted average cost of capital, ("WACC"). Specifically, we calculated the residual value by dividing the
residual free cash flow by a capitalization rate equal to the WACC 15.5% (2022 – 15.5%) minus the expected long-term growth
rate of the free cash flows 3.0% (2022 - 3.0%). No significant changes have occurred since the impairment test was performed.
14. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
Cash and bank balances ....................................................................................................... $
Cash equivalents ..................................................................................................................
$
2023
184 $
2,483
2,667 $
2022
272
3,273
3,545
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates their fair value. Cash equivalents comprise of a deposit with the
Corporation of $2.5 billion (2022- $3.3 billion).
15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In the normal course of business, the Company entered into transactions with related parties and derived the majority of its
revenue from the provision of asset management services to the Corporation along with its subsidiaries and operating entities.
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $3.5 billion of revenues derived from related party transactions
on its Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations (2022 – $3.2 billion).
153
In the normal course of business, the Company entered into transactions with related parties by providing and borrowing on short-
term credit facilities, working capital facilities, as well as unsecured loans. The balances due and from these facilities as well as
those amounts due and from share-based compensation recharge and recovery arrangements are recorded as Due from affiliates
and Due to affiliates on the Consolidated and Combined Balance Sheets.
Under the AMSA, the Manager provides the services of its employees and its Chief Executive Officer to the Company on a cost
recovery basis. For services received, costs are recorded on a gross basis in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of
Operations. During the year ended December 31, 2023, under this arrangement, the Company has recognized $177 million (2022
- $6 million) in the Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations which includes the impacts of the fair value movements
of the cash-settled equity instruments provided by the Manager to employees of the Company. The Company also made a
$16 million prepayment to the Manager under the AMSA for share-based compensation, which has been recognized in Accounts
receivable and other.
As outlined in the Relationship Agreement, the Corporation is responsible for costs associated with certain share-based awards for
certain employees, some of which are subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date, and will also bear the cost of the employee
entitlement to carried interest on mature funds either directly or indirectly through reimbursement to the Company. Income
generated under the Relationships Agreement relating to these instruments is recognized as Other (expenses) revenues in the
Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations on a gross basis as the instruments vest. During the year ended December
31, 2023, the Asset Management Company has recognized a recharge of $142 million (2022 - charge of $12 million) in the
Consolidated and Combined Statement of Operations under this arrangement.
Under the TSA, Brookfield Asset Management ULC will provide the Corporation and the Manager certain services to support
day-to-day corporate activities on a transitional basis. For services provided to the Corporation, costs are recorded on a gross basis
in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation has recognized $14 million
(2022 - $nil) in the Consolidated Statement of Operations under this arrangement.
The Company also issued to the Manager options to acquire the Company's shares, which are accounted for as the Company's
equity in Additional Paid-in Capital at their fair value on issuance of $41 million. These are options that track to certain Manager
stock options issued under its Management Share Option Plan and are exercised at the same time and the same exercise prices as
these awards.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized tax attributes purchased from a related party of $90 million.
For the year ended December 31, 2023 the Asset Management Company declared a non-cash distribution to the Corporation in
the amount of $229 million which has been recorded in the Consolidated and Combined Statement of Changes in Equity.
154
Due from affiliates and due to affiliates consisted of the following:
AS AT DECEMBER 31,
(MILLIONS)
Due from Affiliates
Loans to affiliates ................................................................................................................ $
Receivables from affiliates related to share and cash-based compensation ........................
Loans to related parties .......................................................................................................
$
Due to Affiliates
Operating payables due to related parties ........................................................................... $
Payables to affiliates related to share and cash-based compensation to carried interest .....
Borrowings from related parties ..........................................................................................
$
Due from affiliates
2023
1,654 $
650
200
2,504 $
659 $
129
198
986 $
2022
1,317
801
3
2,121
786
25
—
811
Due from affiliates of $2.5 billion (2022 – $2.1 billion) consists of $1.7 billion (2022 – $1.3 billion) of loans from affiliates which
are comprised of asset management fees receivables, working capital facilities, and other outstanding short-term credit facilities
provided to the Corporation and its subsidiaries in the normal course of business. Loans to related parties are unsecured with
floating rates of Secured Overnight Financing Rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York ("SOFR") less 375 bps
or a fixed interest rate of 0.14% to 8%. The Company recently issued a related party loan for $174 million with a fixed interest
rate of 8%. The prior year non-operating loans to related parties are unsecured with floating rates of the London Inter-Bank
Offered Rate ("LIBOR") less 375bps or fixed interest rates ranging from 2.5% – 6.5%. Maturities on loans to related parties
range from 2024 to 2057. The loans were generally issued to finance acquisitions and fund commitments.
The Manager is entitled to reimbursement for costs incurred associated with stock based compensation awards issued to
employees of the Asset Management Company by the Manager. The Asset Management Company reimburses these costs at the
time that the awards are issued. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company paid the Manager $88 million as a
prepayment for equity based compensation granted to the Company's employees which has been recognized by the Company as a
prepayment for compensation expense in Due from affiliates. The Company also made a $16 million prepayment to the Manager
under the AMSA for equity based compensation, which has been recognized in Accounts receivable and other. The Company also
issued to the Manager options to acquire the Company’s shares, which are accounted for as the Company’s equity in Additional
Paid-in Capital at their fair value on issuance date of $41 million. These options are options that track to certain Manager stock
options issued under its Management Share Option Plan and are automatically exercised at the same time and the same exercise
prices as these awards.
Due to affiliates
Due to affiliates of $986 million (2022 - $811 million) consists of amounts payable to related parties for services received in the
normal course of business including operating expenses payable and borrowings from the Corporation under the line of credit.
16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments
On January 31, 2019, a subsidiary of the Company committed $2.8 billion to BSREP III, of which $2.1 billion has been funded as
at December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 – $1.8 billion). The remainder of the commitment will be funded by the Corporation.
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contractual obligations which include commitments to provide bridge
financing and other equity commitments. As at December 31, 2023, the Company had $2.1 billion of such commitments
outstanding.
155
Contingencies
Carried interests clawback
Carried interests are realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of after the fund’s cumulative returns have met
a certain thresholds for return of capital. When applicable, the Company records a liability for potential clawback obligations due
to changes in the unrealized value of a fund’s remaining investments and where the Company has previously received carried
interest distributions.
The actual clawback liability, however, generally does not become payable until the end of a fund’s life. No liability for potential
clawback obligations has been recorded associated with any of our funds as at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Litigation
The Company may from time to time be involved in litigation and claims incidental to the conduct of its business. The
Company’s businesses are also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against the Company.
As of December 31, 2023 there is no outstanding litigation.
The Company accrues a liability for legal proceedings only when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable
and reasonably estimable. In such cases, there may be exposure to loss in excess of any amounts accrued. Although there can be
no assurance of the outcome of such legal actions, based on information known by management, the Company does not have a
potential liability related to any current legal proceeding or claim that would individually or in the aggregate materially affect its
results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the Company evaluated events and transactions occurring up to March 18, 2024.
On March 1, 2024, other investors of Oaktree exercised their put option and as a result, the Company, in conjunction with the
Corporation, will acquire an additional 4.5% interest in Oaktree in exchange for total consideration of $523 million. This will
increase the Company's ownership interest from approximately 68% to approximately 72%.
156
Shareholder Information
Shareholder Enquiries
Investor Relations and Communications
Shareholder enquiries should be directed to our Investor Relations
group at:
Brookfield Asset Management Limited
Brookfield Place, 181 Bay Street, Suite 100
Toronto, Ontario M5J 2T3
T: 416-363-9491 or toll free in North America: 1-866-989-0311
E: bam.enquiries@brookfield.com
www.bam.brookfield.com
Shareholder enquiries relating to dividends, address changes and share
certificates should be directed to our Transfer Agent:
TSX Trust Company
301 - 100 Adelaide Street West
Toronto, ON M5H 4H1
T: 416-682-3860 or toll free in North America (1-877-715-0498)
F: 1-888-249-6189
E: inquiries@tmx.com
www.tsxtrust.com
Stock Exchange Listings
Class A Limited Voting Shares
Symbol
Stock Exchange
BAM
BAM
New York
Toronto
We are committed to informing our shareholders of our progress through our
comprehensive communications program which
includes publication of
materials such as our annual report, quarterly interim reports and news releases.
We also maintain a website that provides ready access to these materials, as well
as statutory filings, stock and dividend information and other presentations.
Meeting with shareholders is an integral part of our communications program.
Directors and management meet with Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
shareholders at our annual meeting and are available to respond to questions.
Management is also available to investment analysts, financial advisors and
media.
The text of our 2023 Annual Report is available in French on request from the
company and is filed with and available through SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.ca.
Dividends
The quarterly dividend payable on Class A shares is declared in U.S. dollars.
Registered shareholders who are U.S. residents receive their dividends in U.S.
dollars, unless they request the Canadian dollar equivalent. Registered
shareholders who are Canadian residents receive their dividends in the Canadian
dollar equivalent, unless they request to receive dividends in U.S. dollars. The
Canadian dollar equivalent of the quarterly dividend is based on the Bank of
Canada daily average exchange rate exactly two weeks (or 14 days) prior to the
payment date for the dividend.
Dividend Reinvestment Plan
The Manager has a Dividend Reinvestment Plan which enables registered
holders of Class A Shares who are resident in Canada to receive their dividends
in the form of newly issued Class A shares.
Registered holders of our Class A Shares who are resident in Canada have the
opportunity to acquire additional Class A Shares by reinvesting all or a portion
of their cash dividend without paying commissions through our Distribution
Reinvestment Plan. The plan is currently not available for Registered
shareholders of our Class A Shares who are resident in the United States.
Pursuant to our Dividend Reinvestment Plan, registered holders our Class A
Shares who are resident in Canada may also elect to receive their dividends in
the form of newly issued Class A Shares at a price equal to the volume weighted
average price (in U.S. dollars) at which board lots of Class A Shares have traded
on the NYSE based on the average closing price during each of the five trading
days immediately preceding the relevant Investment Date on which at least one
board lot of Class A Shares has traded, as reported by the NYSE. multiplied by
an exchange factor which is calculated as the average daily exchange rate as
reported by the Bank of Canada during each of the five trading days
immediately preceding the relevant Investment Date.
Further details on the Dividend Reinvestment Plan and a Participation Form can
be obtained from our Toronto office, our transfer agent or from our website.
1 “Investment Date” means each dividend payment date upon which cash dividends paid on all Class A Shares registered in the name of a shareholder, net of any
applicable withholding taxes, are reinvested.
Dividend Record and Payment Dates
Security1
Record Date2
Payment Date3
Class A
Last day of February, May, August and November
Last day of March, June, September and December
1. All dividend payments are subject to declaration by the Board of Directors.
2. If the Record Date is not a business day, the Record Date will be the previous business day.
3. If the Payment Date is not a business day, the Payment Date will be the previous business day.
157
Board of Directors and Officers
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
MARK CARNEY
Chair of the Board and Head of
Transition Investing of Brookfield
Asset Management Ltd.
OLIVIA GARFIELD
Chief Executive Officer of Severn
Trent, a FTSE 100 water utilities
company.
BRIAN W. KINGSTON
Managing Partner and Chief
Executive Officer of Real Estate of
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
DIANA NOBLE
Founder of Kirkos Partners.
MARCEL R. COUTU
Corporate Director
NILI GILBERT
Vice Chairwoman of Carbon Direct
LLC, a leader in scaling carbon
management.
ALLISON KIRKBY
Chief Executive Officer of BT Group
plc, a leading UK provider of digital
infrastructure and communication
services.
SAMUEL J.B. POLLOCK
Managing Partner and Chief
Executive Officer of Infrastructure of
Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.
BRUCE FLATT
Chief Executive Officer of Brookfield
Asset Management Ltd. and Brookfield
Corporation
KEITH JOHNSON
Founding Partner and Chief Executive
Officer of Sequoia Heritage
CYRUS MADON
Managing Partner and Executive Chair
of Private Equity of Brookfield Asset
Management Ltd.
SATISH RAI
Senior Advisor at OMERS, Former
Chief Investment Officer of OMERS.
Details on Brookfield Asset Management Ltd.'s directors are provided in the Management Information Circular and on Brookfield
Asset Management Ltd.'s website at https://bam.brookfield.com
CORPORATE OFFICERS
Bruce Flatt, Chief Executive Officer
Bahir Manios, Chief Financial Officer
Connor Teskey, President; Chief Executive Officer, Renewable Power and Transition
Justin B. Beber, Chief Operating Officer
Brian W. Kingston, Chief Executive Office, Real Estate
Cyrus Madon, Executive Chair, Private Equity
Craig W.A. Noble, Chief Executive Officer, Credit
Samuel J.B. Pollock, Chief Executive Officer, Infrastructure
Anuj Ranjan, Chief Executive Officer, Private Equity
158
BROOKFIELD ASSET MANAGEMENT
Brookfield.com
NYSE: BAM
TSX: BAM
BROOKFIELD CORPORATE OFFICES
United States
Brookfield Place
250 Vesey Street
15th Floor
New York, NY
10281-0221
+1.212.417.7000
Canada
United Kingdom
Australia
Brookfield Place
One Canada Square
Brookfield Place
181 Bay Street, Suite 100
Level 25
Level 19
Bay Wellington Tower
Toronto, ON M5J 2T3
+1.416.363.9491
Canary Wharf
London E14 5AA
+44.20.7659.3500
10 Carrington Street
Sydney, NSW 2000
+61.2.9158.5100
Brazil
United Arab Emirates
India
Avenida das Nações Unidas,
Level 24, ICD Brookfield Place
Unit 1
China
Unit 01, 11F
14.401
Al Mustaqbal Street, DIFC
4th Floor, Godrej BKC
Tower C, One East
Parque da Cidade-Torre Paineira
P.O. Box 507234
Bandra Kurla Complex
No. 768 South Zhongshan 1st Road
15º andar
São Paulo–SP
CEP 04794-000
+55 (11) 2540.9150
Dubai
+971.4.597.0100
Mumbai 400 051
+91.22.6600.0700
Huangpu District, Shanghai
200023
+86.21.2306.0700
OAKTREE CORPORATE OFFICES
United States
United States
United Kingdom
Hong Kong
333 South Grand Avenue
1301 Avenue of the Americas
Verde
Suite 2001, 20/F
28th Floor
Los Angeles, CA 90071
+1.213.830.6300
34th Floor
New York, NY 10019
+1.212.284.1900
10 Bressenden Place
Champion Tower
London SW1E 5DH
+44.20.7201.4600
3 Garden Road
Central
+852.3655.6800
REGIONAL OFFICES (BROOKFIELD & OAKTREE)
North America
South America
Europe / Middle East
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Bogotá
Lima
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Calgary
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Vancouver
Amsterdam
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