Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Cadence Minerals Plc

Cadence Minerals Plc

kdnc · LSE Basic Materials
Claim this profile
Ticker kdnc
Exchange LSE
Sector Basic Materials
Industry
Employees 1-10
← All annual reports
FY2016 Annual Report · Cadence Minerals Plc
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

(Formerly Rare Earth Minerals Plc) 

ANNUAL REPORT 

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 

31 DECEMBER 2016 

Company No 05234262

 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Company registration number: 

05234262 

Registered office: 

Directors: 

Suite 3B Princes House  
38 Jermyn Street  
London 
SW1Y 6DN 

Andrew Suckling (Executive Chairman) 
Kiran Morzaria (Chief Executive Officer) 
Don Strang (Finance Director) 
Adrian Fairbourn (Non-executive Director) 

Secretary: 

Don Strang 

Nominated adviser and  
Nominated broker: 

Registrars: 

Bankers: 

Solicitors: 

Auditors: 

W. H. Ireland Limited 
24 Martin Lane 
London EC4R 0DR 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen 
West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

Barclays Bank Plc 
1 Churchill Place 
London 
E14 5HP 

Hill Dickinson LLP 
The Broadgate Tower 
20 Primrose Street 
London 
EC2A 2EW 

Chapman Davis 
Registered Auditor 
Chartered Accountants 
2 Chapel Court 
London 
SE1 1HH 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CONTENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Strategic Report ............................................................................................................................................................ 2 

Report of the Directors .................................................................................................................................................. 9 

Corporate Governance ................................................................................................................................................ 12 

Report on Remuneration ............................................................................................................................................. 13 

Independent Auditors’ Report to the Members of Cadence Minerals plc ................................................................... 13 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income ................................................................................................... 16 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position............................................................................................................. 17 

Company Statement of Financial Position .................................................................................................................. 18 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity ............................................................................................................ 19 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity ................................................................................................................. 20 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ....................................................................................................................... 21 

Company Statement of Cash Flows ............................................................................................................................ 22 

Principal Accounting Policies ..................................................................................................................................... 23 

Notes to the Financial Statements ............................................................................................................................... 31 

Forward-looking Statement 
This annual report contains ‘forward-looking information’, which may include, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the future financial 
and operating performance of Cadence Minerals, its subsidiaries, investment assets and affiliated companies, the estimation of mineral resources, 
the realisation of mineral resource estimates, costs of production, capital and exploration expenditures, costs and timing of the development of new 
deposits,  requirements  for  additional  capital,  governmental  regulation  of  mining  operations  and  exploration  operations,  timing  and  receipt  of 
approvals, licenses, environmental risks, title disputes or claims. 

Often,  but  not  always,  forward-looking  statements  can  be  identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  ‘plans’,  ‘expects’,  ‘is  expected’,  ‘budget’, 
‘scheduled’, ‘estimates’, ‘forecasts’, ‘intends’, ‘anticipates’ or ‘believes’, or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases, 
or state that certain actions, events or results ‘may’, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’ or ‘will’ be taken, occur or be achieved. Forward-looking statements 
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Cadence and/or 
its subsidiaries, investment assets and/or its affiliated companies to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements 
expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. 

Such  factors  include,  among  others,  general  business,  economic,  competitive,  political  and  social  uncertainties;  the  actual  results  of  current 
exploration activities; conclusions of economic evaluations and studies; fluctuations in the value of UK Pounds Sterling relative to the United States 
Dollar, and other foreign currencies; changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; future prices of products; possible variations in 
ore grade or recovery rates; failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate as anticipated; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the 
mining industry; political instability, adverse weather conditions, insurrection or war; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or 
in the completion of development or construction activities. 

Although Cadence has attempted to  identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ  materially from those 
described  in  forward-looking  statements,  there  may  well  be  other  factors  that  cause  actions,  events  or  results  to  differ  from  those  currently 
anticipated, estimated or intended. 

Forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the date of this annual report and Cadence disclaims any obligation to update any 
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or results or otherwise. There can be no assurance that forward-
looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. 
Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty therein. Nothing in this annual 
report should be construed as a profit forecast. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC)    

CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

STRONG ASSET GROWTH AND RETURN ON EQUITY 

The  lithium  compound  market  continued  to  perform  extremely  well  in  2016  and  with  medium-term  supply 
requirements remaining unfulfilled, our assets also rose to the challenge.   

We believe that our two primary assets in Mexico and the Czech Republic will become important sources of battery-
grade lithium carbonate from 2019 onward. Our two main investments and joint ventures are targeting to produce, in 
aggregate,  some  55,000  tonnes  of  battery  grade  lithium  carbonate,  which  based  on  analysts’  projections,  could 
represent a very significant 7% to 10% of the world’s supply in 2025. 

Our focus in 2016 was to continue our investment strategy and vision of identifying, investing in and taking an active 
role  in  low-cost,  large  and  scalable  critical  metal  deposits.  The  Group’s  current  investments  have  borne  out  our 
strategy and delivered both excellent market returns and fundamental progress at the asset level.  

Our investment in the Sonora Lithium project (both directly and indirectly through our holding in Bacanora Minerals 
Ltd and our joint venture with them) continued to make excellent progress both during the year and subsequent to the 
year-end with the publication of a highly positive pre-feasibility study in 2016.   

Further,  in  early  2017  the  company  signed  a  strategic  agreement,  inclusive  of  up  to  a  100%  off-take  for  lithium 
carbonate with Hanwa, a major trading house based in Japan. The Sonora Lithium project now has a sound base from 
which to embark on the next stages of development, including the completion of its bankable feasibility study and 
securing the capital financing necessary to commence construction in 2018. 

The Cinovec Lithium Project, via our significant holding in European Metals Holdings, also continued to develop at 
a rapid pace, with a 420% upgrade in resources announced during the year and a pre-feasibility study 3published in 
April  2017.    This  study  confirmed  our  analysis  of  the  project  in  2015,  in  that  it  would  represent  a  low-cost  and 
potentially significant producer of battery grade lithium carbonate. One of the significant positive aspects of Cinovec 
is the potential tin credits from any mining operation would assist greatly in keeping the unit costs of lithium in the 
lowest quartile of global producers. 

The fundamental progress made with these assets, along with our investment in Macarthur Minerals Ltd and Auroch 
Minerals Ltd in Australia, has delivered absolute returns in excess of 104%. During the year, our listed investments 
delivered an operating profit of £2.8 million compared to £0.2 million in 2015.  

Investment activity has also continued apace, with a further £7.85 million invested over the period. These funds were 
used to increase our exposure to both Bacanora Minerals Ltd (16.06% equity interest), European Metals Holdings Ltd 
(20.76% equity interest), and Macarthur Minerals Ltd (20.3% equity interest). In addition, we also further increased 
our exposure to lithium exploration with the purchase of a 7.7% stake in Auroch Minerals Ltd, which has exploration 
assets in Portugal and Namibia. 

Our strategy for delivering long-term material value to shareholders will stay focused on three things: First, to support 
existing projects through to production. Second, to identify new strategic investments. Principally, these will be further 
lithium exploration assets demonstrating a high probability of entering into commercial production. Third, to evaluate 
the investment potential in other key metals that are widely used in the rapidly expanding energy storage sector, such 
as cobalt, copper and nickel.  

In this regard, we are focusing this year on acquiring stakes in assets that are currently unlisted but fit our investment 
criteria, which to date has delivered excellent returns. In this way we will provide our shareholders access to assets 
that have the same fundamentals as our previous investments but with potentially higher returns.  

We continue to view the medium and long term prospects for the Company with confidence. 

The directors would like to take this opportunity to thank our shareholders, staff and consultants for their continued 
support.  

Andrew Suckling 
Executive Chairman 
30 May 2017 

Page 1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Our focus in 2016 was to continue our investment strategy, that is, to identify, invest and play an active role in the 
development and progress in assets and companies that have unique access to projects that have the right chemistry,  
are low cost and represent a value investment. 

Cadence typically invests at the early stage of the resource development cycle. This can be as early as target delineation 
and up to scoping study level. The risk associated with investing in any resource projects at an early stage is high 
particularly  within  the  lithium  sector,  which  is  not  commoditised  and  the  success  or  failure  of  a  project  is  highly 
dependent on the metallurgical risks. 

Our approach to mitigate this risk is to obtain a deep fundamental understanding of the resource, its chemistry and 
management team. By doing so we can eliminate the many potential investments that we review during the year and 
fund projects that we believe will come to production and deliver value to our shareholders. Importantly we also take 
an active approach to our investments by either being part of the management team or, if not, assisting incumbent 
management in their endeavours. 

Table 1: Absolute Return Figures 

Mark to Market Equity Value (GB£ ,000) 
Absolute Return on Equity (%) 

LITHIUM MARKET REVIEW 

31/12/2015 
13,994 
42% 

31/12/2016 
24,152 
36% 

28/04/2017 
36,303 
104% 

During 2016, we continued to see further supply constraints in the lithium supply markets, even with the addition of 
several  new  projects  providing  additional  supply.  The  result  was  continued  upward  pressure  on  seaborne  lithium 
carbonate prices, with battery grade contracts at around US$12,000 per tonne of battery-grade lithium carbonate. 

Although the lithium market is opaque, reports have suggested that lithium demand increased 15% year-on-year to 
212kt  Lithium  Carbonate  Equivalent  (“LCE”)  in  2016.  2016  global  sales  of  Electric  Vehicles  (EVs)  and  Plug-in 
Hybrids (PHEVs) were around 780,000 vehicles. Global supply has responded to this increased demand, with year-
on-year  production  growth  from  Chile  (mainly  SQM),  Argentina  (ramp  up  of  Orocobre)  and  China  (high-cost 
domestic  feedstock  production  incentivised  into  the  market).  In  2016  Greenbushes,  the  world’s  largest  hard  rock 
operation, exports were close to 70kt LCE, 20% higher than 2015 export volumes. This incremental supply brought 
the market closer towards balance in the second half of 2016, leading to battery-grade lithium compound prices in 
China falling c.31% by the end of the year. In contrast, seaborne lithium prices have continued to increase, reducing 
the pricing spread between China and the rest of the world. 

The key drivers of the continued growth in the market will continue to be EVs. The larger catalyst for global mass- 
market uptakes is EV technology in China. Morning Star has forecasted EV penetration to surge from less than 1% of 
global auto sales in 2015 to 10% in 2025, well ahead of the market view for only 4%-6% penetration by 2025. They 
forecast 16% annual lithium demand growth over the next decade, faster than we've witnessed for almost any major 
commodity over the past century. They project 2025 lithium demand at 775,000 tonnes, well above the consensus 
outlook for 400,000 - 600,000 tonnes. 

Cadence still maintains its belief that lithium prices will remain strong and anticipates that this pattern will continue 
for  the foreseeable future. We  believe  that the  assets  that we have  invested  in will  form  part  of  the medium-term 
lithium supply chain from 2019 onwards. 

Page 2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

INVESTMENT REVIEW 

Bacanora Minerals Ltd (“Bacanora”) 
Cadence holds an interest in Bacanora through a 16.06% (30/05/2017) direct equity holding, making Cadence the 
single largest shareholder of Bacanora and a 30% stake in the joint venture interests in each of Mexalit S.A. de CV 
("Mexalit")  and  Megalit  S.A.  de  CV  ("Megalit"),  Which  form  part  of  the  Sonora  Lithium  Project.  Bacanora  is  a 
Canadian and London-listed minerals explorer (TSX-V: BCN and AIM: BCN).  

Bacanora’s has two key projects under development. The first is the Sonora Lithium Project in Northern Mexico, 
which  consists  of  ten  mining  concession  areas  covering  approximately  100  thousand  hectares  in  the  northeast  of 
Sonora State. The second is the Zinnwald Lithium Projects in southern Saxony, Germany, which Bacanora has agreed 
to acquire 50% for EUR 5 million. 

Sonora Lithium Project 
The Sonora Lithium project continued to progress up the development curve, achieving several critical milestones 
during the year and subsequent to the year-end.  

First and foremost, Bacanora published its preliminary feasibility study (“PFS”) in March 2016. The PFS has an initial 
targeted production of 17,500 tonnes (t) of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) per annum, expanding to 35,000 t of Li2CO3 
per  annum  two  years  later.  The  PFS  has  a  pre-tax  NPV  of  US$776  million  and  an  IRR  of  29%.  Bacanora  has 
commenced the Bankable Feasibility Study (“BFS”), which is scheduled for completion in Q3 2017.  

The highlights of the Sonora PFS are summarised below: 

•  Phase 1: 17,500 tonnes per year of battery-grade Li2CO3, for the first two years 
•  Phase 2: Expansion to 35,000 tonnes Li2CO3 per year 
•  Potential to produce up to 50,000 tonnes per year of K2SO4 in the third year, for sale to the fertiliser industry 
•  Estimated Project pre-tax IRR of 29%; NPV of US$776M, (at an 8% discount rate); and simple payback of 

five years, based on a flat US$6,000/t for battery grade lithium carbonate over the Life Of Mine  

•  Average  annual  earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation  and  amortisation  estimated  at  US$134M  per 

annum 

•  Stage 1 capital cost estimate of US$240M includes processing plant, on and off-site infrastructure, Tailings 

Management Facility construction, and general administration costs  

The PFS mine plan currently has some 16% of the plant feed being mined from the 30% joint venture areas owned by 
Mexalit. 

Both the equity stake in Bacanora and our ownership in the Mexalit joint venture could represent a substantial return 
for Cadence in the form of cash flow from the Sonora Lithium Project. To understand the possible outcomes, we have 
varied the operational costs and revenue per tonne of lithium carbonate to derive a matrix of potential total NPV’s 
(US$ millions) from the joint venture and our 16.06% equity stake in Bacanora*.  

Table 2:  Matrix of potential total NPV returns from Cadence’s joint venture and indirect equity stakes in the Sonora Lithium Project 

  +99.5 % Lithium Carbonate Price US$ 

6,000 

7,000 

8,000 

9,000 

t

/

$
S
U

m
u
i
h
t
i

L

e
t
a
n
o
b
r
a
C

3,000 
3,500 
4,000 
4,500 

140 
108 
76 
44 

203 
171 
139 
107 

265 
233 
201 
169 

328 
296 
264 
232 

* Company estimates are based on discounted cash flows from both equity and joint venture or direct project interests. The Company has used pre-
feasibility or scoping studies in the public domain and has estimated the future cash flows that it could receive assuming all free cash flow is 
distributed to equity and that the project is entirely equity funded with Cadence retaining its interest and contributing on a pro rata basis.  

Page 3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

On  23  November  2016  Cadence  &  Bacanora  announced  that  the  financing  condition  in  the  conditional  lithium 
hydroxide  off-take  agreement  previously  announced  on  28  August  2015  had  not  been  met  under  the  terms  of the 
agreement. The Company advised that it had extensive discussions with the customer as to the feasibility of securing 
project specific financing pursuant to the terms and conditions of  the agreement, that those discussions  have  now  
concluded,  and therefore further efforts discontinuing further efforts to secure project specific financing pursuant to 
the agreement. 

Subsequent to this, and after the year end, Bacanoa entered into an offtake agreement for up to 100% of the battery 
grade lithium carbonate with Hanwa Co., LTD (“Hanwa”). Hanwa is a leading Japan-based global trading company 
and one  of  the  larger  trades of  battery  chemicals  in  the Asian  region, with reported net  sales of  more  the  Y1,500 
million in 2016.The off-take agreement formed part of a larger strategic partnership with Hanwa. In addition to the 
70%- 100% off-take  agreement  Hanwa  invested  approximately  £10.2  million  to  acquire  an  initial  10%  interest  in 
Bacanora and has the option to increase its equity interest in Bacanora to 19.9%. 

The strategic partnership, we believe, is critical to the ongoing development of the Sonora Lithium project as it will 
provide a funding platform for the project and will aid in securing the long-term debt funding.  Moreover, validates 
the quality of the battery grade (+99.5%) lithium carbonate product produced from the Sonora Lithium project. 

In the coming year, we expect Bacanora to focus on the BFS which is scheduled for publication in Q3 2017. We also 
expect  significant  progress  to  be  made  with,  banks,  debt  providers  and  strategic  investors  to  develop  a  project 
financing strategy. If this is successful Bacanora anticipates the start of construction in H1 of 2018 with an 18 month 
build period. 

Zinnwald Lithium Project 
On 21 February 2017 Bacanora announced the acquisition of a 50% interest in, and joint operational control of, the 
Zinnwald Lithium Project (“Zinnwald”) in southern Saxony, Germany from SolarWorld AG (“SolarWorld”). This 
was for a cash consideration of EUR5 million and the completion of a Feasibility Study (“FS”). The agreement also 
included an option for Bacanora to acquire the outstanding 50% held by SolarWorld within a 24-month period for 
EUR30 million. Zinnwald, which reportedly produced lithium carbonate in the 1950s, is in a granite hosted Sn/W/Li 
belt that has been mined historically for tin, tungsten and lithium. The project benefits from excellent access to the 
rapidly growing market for lithium in Germany which is being driven by the automotive, renewable energy storage 
and chemicals industries. Bacanora will earn 50% of the project. This project is adjacent to and a continuation of the 
Cinovec lithium project in the Czech Republic  

The FS has begun, with bulk ore to be carried out during the summer to provide samples for metallurgical test work 
for  inclusion  in  the  flowsheet.   Additionally,  an  infill  drilling  programme  is  planned  for  late  2017  to  upgrade  the 
existing  resource  model  in  accordance  with  National  Instrument  43-101  -  Standards  of  Disclosure  for  Mineral 
Projects.  The drilling will test for a number of potential by-products including tin and tungsten.  The 2014 resource 
estimate  was  reported  in  accordance  with  the  Pan  European  Code  for  Reporting  of  Exploration  Results,  Mineral 
Resources and Reserves, and contained circa 700 Kt of LCE. 

Details of Cadence's ownership 
Cadence owns a direct interest of 16.06% of Bacanora. The Sonora Lithium Project is comprised of the following 
lithium properties:  

•  La Ventana, La Ventana 1, and Megalit concessions, which are 100 percent owned by Minera Sonora Borax 
S.A.  de  C.V.("MSB"),  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  Bacanora;  Cadence,  through  its  direct  interest  of 
16.06% of Bacanora, has an indirect interest in these concessions of 16.06%. 

•  El  Sauz,  El  Sauz  1,  El  Sauz  2,  Fleur  and  Fleur  1  concessions,  which  are  held  by  Mexilit  S.A.  de  C.V. 
("Mexilit"). Cadence has a 30% direct interest in Mexalit through its Joint Venture with Bacanora, and when 
combined with Cadence’s direct interest of 16.06% in Bacanora, has a total economic interest in Mexalit of 
41.24%.  

•  The Buenavista, and San Gabriel concessions, which are held by Megalit S.A de C.V ("Megalit"). Cadence 
has  a  30%  direct  interest  in  Megalit  through  its  Joint  Venture  with  Bacanora,  and  when  combined  with 
Cadence's direct interest of 16.06% in Bacanora, has a total economic interest in Megalit of 41.24% 

Page 4 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

European Metals Holdings Limited (European Metals) 
In  June  2015  Cadence  acquired  an  initial  strategic  interest  in  the  largest  lithium  deposit  in  Europe.  Cadence  has 
subsequently increased its holding to 20.76% in the Cinovec deposit in the Czech Republic through a direct holding 
in the share capital of European Metals Holdings Limited (ASX code: EMH) that owns 100 per cent of the exploration 
rights to the Cinovec lithium/tin deposit. The Cinovec lithium and tin deposit is located in the Krusne Hory mountain 
range. The deposit that straddles the border between Germany and the Czech Republic and in Germany, it is known 
as the Zinnwald deposit (50% owned by Bacanora). The district has an extensive mining history, with various metals 
having been extracted since the 14th Century. 

Summary of Activities  
European Metals made significant progress during 2016.  With the Company’s efforts focusing on the completion of 
a PFS in April 2017. This primarily involved further drilling over the project as well as extensive metallurgical work 
to determine and test flow sheets for the production of battery grade LCE. 

The initial drilling programme began in Dec 2015 and ended in April 2016 with some 5,000 metres of drilling. This 
data  was  used  to  calculate  the  updated  mineral  resource  published  in  May  2016.  As  second  7,500-metre  drill 
programme began in June 2016 which targeted higher grade, shallower lithium bearing zones and also had the aim of 
converting a significant portion of the inferred lithium and tin resource into an indicated resource. 

The results from this programme led to a 420% increase in the indicates Mineral Resources, which when combined 
with the Inferred Mineral Resources, results in a total resource of an estimated 6.46 Mt of LCE. Highlights from the 
Mineral Resource Estimate include: 

•  Lithium Indicated Resource increased 420% to 2.6 Mt LCE, contained in 232.8 Mt @ 0.45% Li2O (0.1% Li 

cutoff) 

•  Lithium total resource increased 11.8% to 6.46 Mt LCE, contained in 606.8 Mt @ 0.43% Li2O (0.1% Li cutoff) 
•  Tin Indicated Resource increased by 64% to 28.6 Mt @ 0.23% Sn, 0.54% Li2O (0.1% Sn cutoff) for 65.8 kt Sn, 

0.38 Mt LCE 

•  Lithium exploration target remains 350 to 450 Mt @ 0.39% to 0.47% for 3.4 Mt to 5.3 Mt of LCE 

In addition to the drilling programme extensive metallurgical test work was carried out over the year which resulted 
in the successful manufacture of >99.5% pure lithium carbonate using an industry proven, sodium sulphate roast-
based  flow-sheet  from  mica-concentrate  from  the  Cinovec  Project.  The  roasting  flow-sheet  reflected  a  simplified 
version of the well-proven technology that converts spodumene concentrate to lithium carbonate. Numerous lithium 
carbonate plants currently employ this technology internationally. 

Subsequent to the year-end European Metals released a PFS on the Cinovec project, which confirmed the potential 
significance of the Cinovec project, highlights of the PFS include: 

•  Net overall cost of production - 
•  Net Present Value (NPV) - 
• 
•  Total Capital Cost - 
•  Annual production of Battery Grade Lithium Carbonate - 

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) - 

•  US$3,483 /tonne Li2CO3 
•  US$540 M (post tax, 8%) 
•  21 % (post tax) 
•  US$393 M 
•  20,800 tonnes 

European Metals is no progressing it permits, environmental studies and BFS and we look forward to 2017 and the 
progress that will be made to bring this asset into production. 

Details of Cadence's ownership 
Cadence owns a direct interest of 20.76% of European Metals. 

Page 5 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Yangibana Project, Australia 
Since December 2011 Cadence has owned a 30% interest in the Yangibana rare earth project situated in the Gascoyne 
region of Western Australia. Cadence’s interest is free carried up to the commencement of the bankable feasibility 
study on Yangibana. 

Summary of Activities  
Hastings Technology Metals Limited (“Hastings”) is the manager of the Project and holds a 70% interest. Hastings 
continued to explore and develop the Yangibana project during the year. 

The  most  significant  development  during  the  year  was  the  publication  of  the  PFS,  which  included  the  30%  joint 
venture with extensive drilling and pre-feasibility work.  

In April 2016 Hastings published its pre-feasibility study, which showed a pre-tax NPV of US$700 – US$750 M at 
an 8% discount rate and a 40% internal rate of return. The PFS was not specific as to the total quantum that was to be 
mined from the joint venture areas. However, the Company has used the mining inventory defined in the mine plan 
to assess the potential NPV to Cadence under the joint venture. 

Subsequent to the publication of the PFS, Hastings has continued to progress the project, with further drilling, target 
delineation on the project as a whole. In May 2017 Hastings began its final DFS drilling programme, with the primary 
objective of increasing indicates resources to support a 10-year mine plan. In addition, Hastings successfully tested 
the  hydrometallurgical  flowsheets  and  produced  50kg  high  purity  Mixed  Rare  Earth  Carbonate  for  marketing 
purposes.  

Macarthur Minerals Limited (“Macarthur”) 
In March 2016 Cadence Minerals made a strategic investment in Macarthur (TSX-V: MMS). During the year, it further 
increased  its  position  to  16.58%  by  exercising  its  warrants.  Subsequent  to  the  year-end  Cadence  exercised  its 
remaining warrants and increased its position to 20.3%. 

Summary of Activities 
Macarthur has made progress on several fronts during the year.  

Australian Lithium Assets 
Within the lithium space, Macarthur has applied for a total of 1,449 square kilometres in the Pilbara region of Western 
Australia. Pilbara lithium acreage is adjacent to and covers similar geological settings to the “world class” Pilgangoora 
lithium deposits, which host the advanced lithium projects of ASX listed companies, Pilbara Minerals Limited and 
Altura Mining Limited.  Macarthur  has  reported  that  initial reconnaissance across a fraction of the  Pilbara  lithium 
acreage has been very encouraging, justifying continued assessment. 

During the year, Macarthur entered into three Memorandum of Understandings. The first with an ASX listed company 
for a farm-in and joint venture agreement for rights to lithium on their Sulphur Springs and Whim Creek Projects in 
the  Pilbara,  which  is  contiguous  with  some  of  Macarthur’s  lithium  acreage.  The  second  with a Canadian lithium 
company for a farm-in to Macarthur lithium acreage at Ravensthorpe for a minimum expenditure of A$2 million to 
earn a 51% interest. The last was covering an area of 191 square kilometres in the Yalgoo region of Western Australia. 
The acreage on which rights to lithium are acquired is in proximity to Macarthur’s existing Edah Hill lithium acreage 
and consists of granted exploration licenses allowing immediate exploration for lithium. 

Stonewall Project 
On  October  21,  2016,  the  Macarthur  acquired  the  Stonewall  Project  located  in  both  the  Lida  and  Stonewall  Flat 
Valleys, in southern Nevada. The Stonewall Project area is within 50 km of the Clayton Valley and has some similar 
geologic features the Clayton Valley, which hosts North America’s only producing lithium mine, Albemarle’s Silver 
Peak Lithium Mine. 

The Stonewall Project is strategically located in the Nevada lithium supply hub, 306 kilometres (191 miles) southeast 
of  Tesla’s  new  Gigafactory  and  is  located  in  the  mining  friendly  Nye  and  Esmeralda  Counties  of  Nevada  and  is 
serviced by excellent infrastructure with access to power, water, labour and is bisected by the Veterans Memorial 
Highway Number 95. The regional climate also favours natural and inexpensive evaporation for brine concentration 
and allows year-round work. 

Page 6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Lithium  has  been  located  at  Stonewall  Project  from  a  shallow  auger  drilling  program  conducted  as  part  of  due 
diligence, for the acquisition of the Stonewall Project. An initial shallow auger drilling program on the Stonewall 
Project for the purposes of collecting soil and brine samples for lithium was conducted. All holes contained lithium 
with sediment assays ranging from 34.6 parts per million (“ppm”) lithium (“Li”) and up to 145.5 ppm Li. 

On November  4, 2016,  the Company  completed  staking an  additional 360 claims  covering  approximately  6,975 
acres (28.22 square kilometres) surrounding its Stonewall Lithium Project, increasing the Company’s footprint in 
the Lida and Stonewall Flat Valleys to a total of approximately 12,019 acres (48.64 square kilometres) covering 
almost all of the playa areas (i.e. ‘dry lake bed’) in both of the valleys. 

Macarthur Iron Ore Projects 
Macarthur  retains  its  two  iron  ore  projects  in  Western  Australia;  the  Ularring  hematite  project  (Indicated  54.46 
million tonnes @ 47.2% Fe, Inferred 25.99 million tonnes @ 45.4% Fe - Pre-Feasibility Study) and the Moonshine 
magnetite project (1.3 billion tonnes @ 30.1% Fe - Preliminary Economic Assessment). We previously received 
approval to develop an iron ore mine for the Ularring project.  

Subsequent to the year-end Macarthur announce that it has entered into a non-exclusive mandate with the Tulshyan 
Group to raise up to A$200  million  with  an  initial  tranche  of  A$50  million  to  develop  the  Company’s  Ularring 
hematite iron ore project located in Western Australia. 

Macarthur Corporate Update 
Subsequent to the year-end Macarthur announced that it intended to list its Iron Ore and Lithium assets located in 
Australia on the Australian stock exchange via an IPO. The prospectus was lodged in March 2017 and was for the 
issue of 50 million shares in Macarthur Australia at an issue price of A$0.20 per share to raise A$10 million. The 
minimum raise is for 25 million shares for A$5 million. Lodgement of the prospectus with ASIC and ASX for listing 
Macarthur Australia on the ASX follows the successful, Pre-IPO raising for A$1.4 million. Funds raised in the IPO 
will allow Macarthur Australia to significantly advance its iron ore and lithium projects. 

Prior  to  the  IPO,  Macarthur  Minerals  has  been  issued  125  million  shares  or  approximately  90%  of  Macarthur 
Australia  for  consideration  for  the  sale  of  its  subsidiaries,  Macarthur  Iron  Ore  Pty  Ltd  (“MIO”)  and  Macarthur 
Lithium Pty Ltd (“MLi”) to Macarthur Australia. MIO and MLi, respectively own the Australian iron ore and ‘hard 
rock’ lithium projects. Pre-IPO investors have been issued approximately 13 million shares or 9% of Macarthur 
Australia for A$1.5 million. Pre-IPO Macarthur Australia has a total of approximately 138 million shares on issue 
and on listing will have between 189 and 164 million shares on issue for a raise of up to A$10 million and a minimum 
of A$5 million. Post listing, Macarthur Minerals will retain between approximately 76% and 66% of Macarthur 
Australia. 

Auroch Minerals Ltd (“Auroch”) 
In December 2016 Cadence took a 7.7% stake in Auroch. Auroch has a strong financial position with some A$ 8 
million in cash and receivables. Auroch is an Australian ASX listed company which is currently focusing on the 
exploration of two key assets.  

The first is a joint venture to earn in 75% of the Alcoutim Project a significant Cu-Zn-Pb-Au-Ag opportunity in 
south-eastern Portugal located immediately along strike from the supergiant Neves Corvo Mine in the western half 
of the world famous Iberian Pyrite Belt. 

Drilling has already commenced on the first hole which is situated in the Foupana priority target, one of 5 priority targets 
to be drilled, a large magmatic centre with corresponding EM anomalies potentially representing massive sulphide 
orebodies. The Alcoutim targets occur along strike of the supergiant Neves Corvo Cu-Zn-Pb-Ag- Au mine operated 
by Lundin Mining Corporation. Auroch’s initial drill program will comprise three to five holes targeting geological 
environments similar to Neves Corvo in combination with significant geophysical anomalies along the Neves Corvo 
Trend. 

The second is some highly prospective lithium acreage in Namibia. This acreage forms the Karibib Lithium Project. The Karibib 
Lithium Project is situated in the same region as Namibia’s two historic lithium producing mines, Helikon and Rubikon. The 
company  has  five  existing  Exclusive  Prospecting  Licenses  (EPLs)  in  the  region  and  recently  announced  an  Option  and  JV 
agreement to earn up to 90% of granted EPL 5751, which lies South West of Helikon and Rubikon. 

Page 7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

STRATEGIC REPORT 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Auroch Minerals has applied five EPLs in the Erongo region of Namibia which expands the potential for Auroch to identify a 
commercial lithium resource. The EPLs are distinguished by the presence of significant historical lithium production within the 
geological terrain and include untested pegmatites with strongly fractionated geochemistry indicative of potential lithium tantalum 
mineralisation. 

Over 90% of Namibia’s previous lithium production has been sourced from these EPLs. The EPLs in the Karibib area of Namibia 
occur in the same geological terrain that hosts the Rubikon and the Helikon mines, Namibia’s two historical lithium producing 
mines. The Karibib area has seen little modern exploration and almost no drilling of the many lithium known occurrences. 

Greenland Rare Earth Projects 
Cadence owns 100% of three Exploration Licences. Two of these licences abut the northern and eastern boundaries of Greenland 
Minerals and Energy Limited’s ‘GGG’ licences that encompass the world-class Kvanefjeld, Sørenson, Zone 3 and Steenstrupfjeld 
Rare Earth Element (REE) deposits. 

An extensive exploration programme was carried out on all four of Cadence’s exploration licences in south Greenland from June 
to August 2014. We have continued to review these licenses on an annual basis. Subsequent to the year we renewed the exploration 
licenses over two that were expiring at the end of 2016. We will continue to review these licenses on an annual basis, and will 
watch the progress that GGG makes over the coming year as it progresses the Kvanefjeld REE deposits. 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 
During the period the Group made an operating profit of £2.84 million compared to £0.24 million for the year ending 
31 December 2015. This was primarily driven by a £3.21 million increase in unrealised profits on available for sale 
asset, which included our investments in Bacanora and European Metals. This resulted in total income for the period 
of £5.78 million (2015: £2.29 million). Profit before taxation was adversely affected by a one-off financing (£1.6 
million) charge associated with the issue of warrants linked to the US$15 million convertible loan note issued during 
the year. Diluted earnings per share were 0.08p (2015: loss per share 0.06p).). 

Administrative costs increased by £0.69 million to £2.94 million (2015: 2.25 million), this was primarily to an increase 
in administrative expenses associated with the detailed due diligence on potential new assets and development and 
support of our current assets. These fees were paid to third party providers. 

During the year, the total Directors cash remuneration reduced by some 14% with some directors reducing their salary 
by  up  to  38%.  According  to  the  GCI  survey  of  director’s  remuneration  for  2016  Cadence’s  total  director’s 
remuneration falls below the median of AIM listed companies with a market capitalisation of between £20 and 50 
million and below the lower quartile of companies with market capitalizations of £50 and £100 million. 

The total assets of the Group increased from £19.58 million at the end of last year (31 December 2015) to £35.42 
million. Total liabilities increased from £2.64 at the end of last year (31 December 2015) to £10.92 million at the end 
of this year. This was driven by an increase in borrowings associated with the convertible loan note issue during the 
year 

During the period our net cash outflow from operating activities was £1.83 million, which was higher than the £0.97 
million during the same period last year. We invested £7.85 million in available for sale assets and had receipts of £1 
million on the sale of available for sale investments we spent £0.01 million in exploration assets which represented 
our net cash outflow from investing activities. 

These investments plus other costs were funded by cash flows from financing activities totalling £12.04 million. This 
included £3.72 million of proceeds from the issue of share capital and net proceeds of £9.33 million from the issue of 
convertible loan notes. At the end of the period, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of £4.19 million.  

Kiran Morzaria 
Chief Executive Officer 
30 May 2016 

Page 8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

The Directors present their annual report together with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Group and 
the Company for the Year Ended 31 December 2016. 

Principal activity 

The principal activity of the Group and the Company is that of the identification, investment and development of 
Lithium and rare earth assets.  The Group is also exploring other mining related opportunities. 

Domicile and principal place of business 

Cadence Minerals plc is domiciled in the United Kingdom, which is also its principal place of business. 

Business review 

The results of the Group are shown on page 16.  The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend. 

A review of the performance of the Group and its future prospects is included in the Chairman's Statement and the 
Strategic Report on pages 1 to 8. 

Key Performance Indicators 

Due to the current status of the Group, the Board has not identified any performance indicators as key. 

Principal risks and uncertainties 

The  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Group  involve  the  ability  to  raise  funding  in  order  to  finance  the 
acquisition and exploitation of mining opportunities and the exposure to fluctuating commodity prices. 

In addition, the amount and quality of minerals available and the related costs of extraction and production represent 
a significant risk to the group.  

Financial risk management objectives and policies 

The Group’s principal financial instruments are available for sale assets, trade receivables, trade payables, convertible 
loans and cash at bank.  The main purpose of these financial instruments are to fund the Group's operations.  

It is, and has been throughout the period under review, the Group’s policy that no trading in financial instruments shall 
be undertaken, with the exception of the equity swap arrangement , based on the Company’s own share price, which 
has now been concluded.  The main risks arising from the Group’s financial instruments are liquidity risk and interest 
rate risk.  The board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks and they are summarised below. 

Liquidity risk 
The Group's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility through the use of equity 
and its cash resources.  Further details of this are provided in the principal accounting policies, headed 'going concern' 
and note 18 to the financial statements. 

Interest rate risk 
The Group only has borrowings at a fixed coupon rate of 5% and therefore minimal interest rate risk, as this is deemed 
its only material exposure thereto.  The Group seeks the highest rate of interest receivable on its cash deposits whilst 
minimising risk. 

Market risk 
The Group is subject to market risk in relation to its investments in listed Companies held as available for sale assets. 

Page 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Directors 

The membership of the Board is set out below.  All directors served throughout the period unless otherwise stated. 

Andrew Suckling  
Kiran Morzaria  
Don Strang 
Adrian Fairbourn 

Substantial shareholdings 

Interests in excess of 3% of the issued share capital of the Company which had been notified as at 11 May 2017 
were as follows: 

Barclayshare Nominees Limited 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:15942 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:VRA 
TD Direct Investing Nominees (Europe) Limited Des:SMKTNOMS 
HSDL Nominees Limited Des:MAXI 
TD Direct Investing Nominees (Europe) Limited Des:SMKTISAS 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:HLNOM 
HSDL Nominees Limited 
HSBC Client Holdings Nominee (UK) Limited Des:731504 
Forest Nominees Limited Des:GC1 

Payment to suppliers 

Ordinary 
shares held 
Number 

Percentage of 
capital  
% 

989,619,760 
826,734,658 
505,747,127 
463,959,308 
456,239,464 
380,875,207 
379,392,616 
360,135,097 
284,792,318 
280,826,000 

12.72% 
10.63% 
6.50% 
5.97% 
5.87% 
4.90% 
4.88% 
4.63% 
3.66% 
3.61% 

It is the Group's policy to agree appropriate terms and conditions for its transactions with suppliers by means ranging 
from standard terms and conditions to individually negotiated contracts and to pay suppliers according to agreed terms 
and conditions, provided that the supplier meets those terms and conditions.  The Group does not have a standard or 
code dealing specifically with the payment of suppliers. 

Trade payables at the year end all relate to sundry administrative overheads and disclosure of the number of days 
purchases represented by year end payables is therefore not meaningful. 

Events after the Reporting Period 

Events after the Reporting Period are outlined in Note 19 to the Financial Statements. 

Going concern 

The  Directors  note  the  substantial  losses  that  the  Group  has  made  for  the  Year  Ended  31  December  2016.    The 
Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period ending 31 May 2018 which take account of the current cost 
and operational structure of the Group.  

The cost structure of the Group comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and therefore in the event that cash 
flows become constrained, costs can be quickly reduced to enable the Group to operate within its available funding. 

These forecasts demonstrate that the Group has sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue in business for 
a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements.  Accordingly, the financial 
statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

Page 10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Directors’ responsibilities statement 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Annual  Report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company  law  requires  the  Directors  to  prepare  financial  statements  for  each  financial  year.  Under  that  law  the 
Directors have elected to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union    (IFRSs).    Under  company  law  the  directors  must  not  approve  the 
financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs and profit or loss 
of the group for that period.  In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

- 
-  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
- 

state whether applicable IFRSs have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in 
the financial statements;  

-  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group 

will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the 
Group's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and enable 
them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for 
safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud 
and other irregularities.   

In so far as each of the Directors are aware: 

• 
• 

there is no relevant audit information of which the Group's auditors are unaware; and 
the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the auditors are aware of that information. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included 
on  the  Company's  website.  Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of 
financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.   

Auditors 

Chapman Davis LLP, offer themselves for re-appointment as auditor in accordance with Section 489 of the Companies 
Act 2006. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD 

Kiran Morzaria 
Director 
Date: 30 May 2017  

Page 11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Directors 

The Group supports the concept of an effective board leading and controlling the Group.  The Board is responsible 
for approving Group policy and strategy.  It meets on a regular basis and has a schedule of matters specifically reserved 
to it for decision.  Management supply the Board with appropriate and timely information and the Directors are free 
to  seek  any  further  information  they  consider  necessary.    All  Directors  have  access  to  advice  from  the  Company 
Secretary and independent professional advice at the Group’s expense.   

The Board consists of four Directors, who hold the key operational positions in the Company.  The Chairman of the 
Board is Andrew Suckling and the Group's business is run by the Chief Executive, Kiran Morzaria. 

Relations with shareholders 

The  Company  values  the  views  of  its  shareholders  and  recognises  their  interest  in  the  Group’s  strategy  and 
performance.    The  Annual  General  Meeting  will  be  used  to  communicate  with  private  investors  and  they  are 
encouraged to participate.  The Directors will be available to answer questions.  Separate resolutions will be proposed 
on each issue so that they can be given proper consideration and there will be a resolution to approve the annual report 
and financial statements. 

Internal control 

The Board is responsible for maintaining a strong system of internal control to safeguard shareholders’ investments 
and the Group’s assets.  The system of internal financial control is designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, 
assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Board has considered the need for an internal audit function but has decided the size of the Group does not justify 
it at present.  However, it will keep the decision under annual review. 

Board Committees 

Audit  and  Remuneration  Committees  have  been  established.  The  Audit  committee  comprises  Adrian  Fairbourn 
(Chairman), Donald Strang, and Andrew Suckling, and the Remuneration Committee comprises, Andrew Suckling 
and Adrian Fairbourn (Chairman). 

The role of the Remuneration Committee is to review the performance of the executive Directors and to set the scale 
and structure of their remuneration, including bonus arrangements. The Remuneration Committee also administers 
and establishes performance targets for the Group’s employee share schemes and executive incentive schemes for key 
management. In exercising this role, the terms of reference of the Remuneration Committee require it to comply with 
the Code of Best Practice published in the Combined Code. 

The Audit Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the Board on the appointment of the auditors 
and the audit fee, and received and reviews reports from management and the Company’s auditors on the internal 
control systems in use throughout the Group and its accounting policies. 

Page 12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

REPORT ON REMUNERATION 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Directors' remuneration 

The Board recognises that Directors' remuneration is of legitimate concern to the shareholders.  The Group operates 
within  a  competitive  environment,  performance  depends  on  the  individual  contributions  of  the  Directors  and 
employees and it believes in rewarding vision and innovation. 

Policy on executive Directors' remuneration 

The  policy  of  the  Board  is  to  provide  executive  remuneration  packages  designed  to  attract,  motivate  and  retain 
Directors of the calibre necessary to maintain the Group's position and to reward them for enhancing shareholder value 
and return.  It aims to provide sufficient levels of remuneration to do this, but to avoid paying more than is necessary.  
The  remuneration  will  also  reflect  the  Directors'  responsibilities  and  contain  incentives  to  deliver  the  Group's 
objectives.   

The remuneration of the Directors was as follows: 

A 
Fairbourn 
£ 

  A Suckling 

£ 

  D Lenigas 

(1) 
£ 

K 
Morzaria 
£ 

D Strang 

£ 

Total 

£ 

Short-term 
employment 
benefits: 

Year to  31 
December 
2016 

Salary and 
fees 

Share based 
payments (2) 

Total 

Year to 31 
December 
2015 

Salary and 
fees 

Share based 
payments (2) 

Total 

  48,000  

  150,000  

  -  

  150,000  

  150,000  

  498,000  

 143,280  

 286,560  

  -  

 143,280  

 143,280  

 716,400  

 191,280  

 436,560  

 -  

 293,280  

 293,280  

  1,214,400  

  48,000  

  25,000  

  210,000  

  85,000  

  210,000  

  578,000  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 48,000  

 25,000  

 210,000  

 85,000  

 210,000  

 578,000  

At  31  December  2016  the  following  amounts  were  outstanding  in  fees  to  directors;  A  Suckling  £Nil  (2015: 
£25,000), D Strang £150,000 (2015: £Nil), K Morzaria £Nil (2015: £25,000). 

(1) D Lenigas resigned on 21 December 2015. 
(2) Share based payments represent a Black and Scholes valuation of the incentive options granted to the directors 

during the year. Options are used to incentivise directors and are a non-cash form of remuneration.  

Page 13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

REPORT ON REMUNERATION 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Pensions 
The company does not operate a pension scheme for its directors. 

Benefits in kind 
No benefits in kind were paid during the year to 31 December 2016 or the year ended 31 December 2015. 

Bonuses 
No amounts were payable for bonuses in respect of the Year ended 31 December 2016 or the year ended 31 December 
2015. 

Notice periods 

Andrew Suckling, Kiran Morzaria, Don Strang and Adrian Fairbourn, each have a 12 months rolling notice period.  

Share option incentives 

At 31 December 2016 the following options were held by the Directors: 

Date of grant 

Exercise price 

Number of options 

K Morzaria 
K Morzaria 

A Fairbourn 
A Fairbourn 
A Fairbourn 

D Strang 
D Strang 

21 May 2014 
1 July 2016 

13 December 2012 
21 May 2014 
1 July 2016 

21 May 2014 
1 July 2016 

0.48p 
0.44p 

0.06p 
0.48p 
0.44p 

0.48p 
0.44p 

A Suckling 

1 July 2016 

0.44p 

60,000,000 
60,000,000 
120,000,000 

20,000,000 
40,000,000 
60,000,000 

120,000,000 

60,000,000 
60,000,000 

120,000,000 

120,000,000 

120,000,000 

All options are exercisable between three and ten years from the date of grant. 

The high and low share price for the year were 0.925p and 0.404p respectively (year ended 31 December 2015: 1.23p 
and 0.555p). The share price at 31 December 2016 was 0.5p (31 December 2015: 0.745p).  

Page 14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF  
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

We have audited the Group and Parent Company financial statements of Cadence Minerals plc for the Year ended 31 
December 2016 which comprise the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of 
financial position, the Company statement of financial position, the consolidated statement of changes in equity, the 
company statement of changes in equity, the consolidated statement of cash flows, the company statement of cash 
flows, the accounting policies, and the related notes. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their 
preparation  is applicable  law  and International  Financial  Reporting Standards  (IFRS)  as  adopted  by  the  European 
Union. 

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those 
matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted 
by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members as 
a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Respective responsibilities of the Directors and auditor 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page 11, the Directors are responsible 
for  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.  Our 
responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and 
International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK  and  Ireland).  Those  standards  require  us  to  comply  with  the  Auditing 
Practices Board’s (APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 
A  description  of  the  scope  of  an  audit  of  financial  statements  is  provided  on  the  APB's  website  at 
www.frc.org.uk/apb/scope/private.cfm. 

Opinion on financial statements 
In our opinion the financial statements: 
•  give  a  true  and  fair view of the  state  of  the  Group  and Company's  affairs  as  at 31  December 2016 and  of  the 

Group’s loss for the period then ended;  

•  have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; and 
•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion the information given in the Report of the Directors for the financial period for which the financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the group financial statements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following: 

Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our opinion: 
•  Adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from 

branches not visited by us; or 

•  The financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
•  Certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  We have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Keith Fulton 
Senior Statutory Auditor 
for and on behalf of Chapman Davis LLP 
Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants 
LONDON 

Date: 30 May 2017

Page 15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Note 

Year ended 
31 December 
2016 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 (restated) 
£’000 

Income 
Unrealised profit on available for sale assets 
Realised loss on available for sale assets 
Other income 

Share based payments 
Depreciation, amortisation and fixed asset write offs 
Other administrative expenses 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating profit 

Share of associates losses 
(Loss) on equity swap settlements 
Finance cost 

Profit/(loss) before taxation 

Taxation 

Profit/(loss) attributable to the equity holders of the 
Company 

Other comprehensive income 
Foreign exchange 
Fair value adjustment of equity swap 

Total other comprehensive income for the period, net of 
tax 

Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year, 
attributable to the equity holders of the company 

Earnings per ordinary share 

Basic earnings/(loss) per share (pence) 

Diluted earnings/(loss) per share (pence) 

9 
9 
1 

1 

8 

3 

4 

5 

5 

5,701  
(107) 
189  

5,783  

(717) 
- 

(2,223) 

(2,940) 

2,843  

(200) 
- 
(2,027) 

616  

- 

616  

(484) 
- 

(484) 

2,493  

- 
- 

2,493  

(641) 
(63) 
(1,548) 

(2,252) 

241  

(129) 
(545) 
(419) 

(852) 

- 

(852) 

(92) 
389  

297  

132 

(555) 

0.008  

0.007  

(0.01) 

(0.01) 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

At 31 December 2016 

ASSETS 
Non-current 
Intangible assets 
Investment in associate 

Current 
Trade and other receivables 
Available for resale asset 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 
Issued share capital 
Share premium 
Share based premium reserve 
Hedging, Loan & Exchange reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable 
to equity holders of the Company 

Note 

6 
8 

10 
9 

11 
     12 

13 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

31 December 
2015 (restated) 
£'000 

 1,909  
12,982  
14,891

402  
15,967  
4,192  

20,561

35,452  

603  
10,324  
10,927  

10,927  

1,192  
27,145  
4,410  
(254) 
(7,968) 

 1,706  
2,804  
4,510

229  
13,944  
893  

15,066

19,576  

230  
2,407  
2,637  

2,637  

1,098  
22,161  
2,783  
(277) 
(8,826) 

24,525  

16,939  

Total equity and liabilities 

35,452  

19,576  

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Board on 30 May 2017, and signed on their behalf by;  

Kiran Morzaria 
Director 
Company number 05234262 

Don Strang 
Director 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

At 31 December 2016 

ASSETS 
Non-current 
Investment in associates 
Investment in subsidiaries 

Current 
Trade and other receivables 
Available for resale asset 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 
Issued share capital 
Share premium 
Share based premium reserve 
Hedging, Loan & Exchange reserve 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable 
to equity holders of the Company 

Total equity and liabilities 

31 December 2016 

Note 

£'000 

31 December 2015 
(restated) 
£'000 

8 
7 

10 
9 

11 
     12 

13 

10,297 
906  

11,203

4,632  
15,967  
4,192  

24,791

35,994  

603  
10,324  

10,927  

10,927  

1,192  
27,145  
4,410  
(178) 
(7,502) 

25,067  

 -  
906  

 906  

4,354  
13,944  
893  

19,191

20,097  

230  
2,407  

2,637  

2,637  

1,098  
22,161  
2,783  
(103) 
(8,479) 

17,460  

35,994 

20,097  

The Company financial statements were approved by the Board on 30 May 2017, and signed on their behalf by;  

Kiran Morzaria 
Director 
Company number 05234262

Don Strang 
Director 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

At 31 December 2016 

Share 
capital 

Share 
premium 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserves 

Hedging, 
Loan & 
Exchange 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

Total 
equity 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

Balance at 1 January 2015 
(restated) 
Share based payments 
Transfer on lapse of options 
Share issue 
Share placing costs 

Transactions with owners 

Foreign exchange 
Transfer to income 
statement 
Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive loss 
for the period 
Balance at 31 December 
2015 (restated) 

Share based payments 

Warrants issued 
Transfer on lapse of options 
Transfer on exercise of 
options 
Equity component on issue 
of loan notes 
Share issue 
Share placing costs 

Transactions with owners 

Foreign exchange 
Profit for the period 

Total comprehensive 
income for the period 
Balance at 31 December 
2016 

2,240  
641  
(98) 
- 
- 

543  

-  

- 
- 

- 

2,783  

717  
1,152 
(80) 

(162) 

- 
- 
- 

1,067  
- 
- 
31  
- 

 31  

 -  

- 
- 

- 

19,865  
- 
- 
2,469  
(173) 

2,296

 -  

- 
- 

- 

1,098  

22,161  

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
94  
- 

 94  

-  
 -  

  -  

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
5,123  
(139) 

4,984

-  
 -  

-  

(574) 
- 
- 
- 
- 

  -  

(92) 

389  
- 

(8,072) 
- 
98  
- 
- 

  98  

-  

- 
(852) 

14,526  
641  
- 
2,500  
(173) 

2,968

(92) 

389  
(852) 

297  

(852) 

(555) 

(277) 

(8,826) 

16,939  

- 
- 
- 

- 

507 
- 
- 

- 
- 
80  

717 
1,152 
- 

162  

- 

- 
- 
- 

507 
5,217  
(139) 

7,454

(484) 
616 

1,627  

507  

242  

-  
 -  

(484) 
- 

-  
616  

  -  

(484) 

616  

132 

1,192  

26,746  

4,410  

(254) 

(7,968) 

24,525 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

At 31 December 2016 

Share 
capital 

Share 
premium 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserves 

Hedging, 
Loan & 
Exchange 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

Total 
equity 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

1,067  
- 
- 
31  
- 

 31  

-  

-  
- 

- 

19,865  
- 
- 
2,469  
(173) 

2,296

-  

-  
- 

- 

1,098  

22,161  

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
94  
- 

 94  

-  
 -  

  -  

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
5,123  
(139) 

4,984

-  
 -  

-  

2,240  
641  
(98) 
- 
- 

543  

-  

-  
- 

- 

2,783  

717  
1,152 
(80) 

(162) 

- 
- 
- 

1,627  

-  
 -  

(436) 
- 
- 
- 
- 

  -  

(56) 

389  
- 

(7,877) 
- 
98  
- 
- 

  98  

 -  

 -  
(700) 

14,859  
641  
- 
2,500  
(173) 

2,968

(56) 

389  
(700) 

333  

(700) 

(367) 

(103) 

(8,479) 

17,460  

- 
- 
- 

- 

507 
- 
- 

 507

(582) 
- 

- 
- 
80  

717 
1,152 
- 

162  

- 

- 
- 
- 

242  

 -  
735  

507 
5,217  
(139) 

7,454

(582) 
735 

  -  

(582) 

735  

153 

1,192  

27,145  

4,410  

(178) 

(7,502) 

25,067 

Balance at 1 January 2015 
(restated) 
Share based payments 
Transfer on lapse of options 
Share issue 
Share placing costs 

Transactions with owners 

Foreign exchange 
Fair value adjustment on 
equity swap 
Loss for the year 

Total comprehensive loss 
for the period 

Balance at 31 December 
2015 (restated) 

Share based payments 
Warrants issued 
Transfer on lapse of options 
Transfer on exercise of 
options 
Equity component on issue 
of loan notes 
Share issue 
Share placing costs 

Transactions with owners 

Foreign exchange 
Profit for the period 

Total comprehensive 
income for the period 
Balance at 31 December 
2016 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Cash flow from operating activities 
Continuing operations 
Operating profit 
Amortisation of intangibles 
Net realised/unrealised profit on AFSA 
Exploration costs written-off 
Equity settled share based payments 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 
Net cash (outflow) from operating activities from 
continuing operations 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Investment in exploration costs 
Payments for investments in AFS assets 
Receipts on sale of AFS assets 
Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Proceeds from equity swap 
Share issue costs 
Net borrowings 
Finance cost 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year ended 
31 December 
2016 
£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 (restated) 
£'000 

2,843  
-  
(5,594) 
- 
717  
(173) 
373  

(1,834) 

(105)  
(7,847) 
1,040  
(6,912) 

3,728  
- 
(139) 
9,331  
(875) 
12,045  

3,299  

893  

4,192 

241  
29  
(2,493) 
37  
641  
818  
(245) 

(972) 

(635) 
(5,743) 
- 
(6,378) 

2,500  
3,155  
(173) 
1,717  
(419) 
6,780  

(570) 

1,463  

893  

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

Cash flow from operating activities 
Continuing operations 
Operating profit 
Amortisation of intangibles 
Profit on AFSA 
Exploration costs written-off 
Equity settled share based payments 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 
Net cash (outflow) from operating activities from 
continuing operations 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Payments for investments in AFS assets 
Receipts on sale of AFS assets 
Net cash outflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Proceeds from equity swap 
Share issue costs 
Net borrowings 
Finance cost 
Net cash inflow from financing activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year ended 
31 December 
2016 
£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 (restated) 
£'000 

2,843  
-  
(5,594) 
- 
717  
(278) 
373  

(1,939) 

(7,847) 
1,040  
(6,807) 

3,728  
- 
(139) 
9,331 
(875) 
12,045  

3,299  

893  

4,192  

262  
7  
(2,493) 
37  
641  
184  
(245) 

(1,607) 

(5,743) 
- 
(5,743) 

2,500  
3,155  
(173) 
1,717  
(419) 
6,780  

(570) 

1,463  

893  

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements 

Page 22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

GENERAL INFORMATION 

Cadence Minerals plc is a company incorporated in the United Kingdom. The Company's shares are listed on the AIM 
market of the London Stock Exchange, and on the NEX Exchange Growth Market as operated by NEX Exchange 
Limited (“NEX”).  On 24 March 2017, the Company changed its name from Rare Earth Minerals Plc to Cadence 
Minerals Plc by way of a statutory notice of change filed at Companies House. 

The Financial Statements are for the year ended 31 December 2016 and have been prepared under the historical cost 
convention  and  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the  EU  ("adopted 
IFRS").  These Financial Statements (the "Financial Statements") have been prepared and approved by the Directors 
on 30 May 2017 and signed on their behalf by Donald Strang and Kiran Morzaria. 

The accounting policies have been applied consistently throughout the preparation of these Financial Statements, and 
the  financial  report  is  presented  in  Pound  Sterling  (£)  and  all  values  are  rounded  to  the  nearest  thousand  pounds 
(£‘000) unless otherwise stated. 

INVESTING POLICY 

The Company’s investing policy, which was approved at a General Meeting on 29 November 2010, is to acquire a 
diverse portfolio of direct and indirect interests in exploration and producing rare earth minerals and/or other metals 
projects and assets (‘Investing Policy’). In light of the nature of the assets and projects that will be the focus of the 
Investing Policy, the Company will consider investment opportunities anywhere in the world. 

The Directors have considerable investment experience, both in structuring and executing deals and in raising funds. 
Further details of the Directors’ expertise are set out on the Company website. The Directors will use this experience 
to identify and investigate investment opportunities, and to negotiate acquisitions. Wherever necessary, the Company 
will engage suitably qualified technical personnel to carry out specialist due diligence prior to making an acquisition 
or  an  investment.  For  the  acquisitions  that  they  expect  the  Company  to  make,  the  Directors  may  adopt  earn-out 
structures  with  specific  performance  targets  being  set  for  the  sellers  of  the  businesses  acquired  and  with  suitable 
metrics applied. 

The Company may invest by way of outright acquisition or by the acquisition of assets – including the intellectual 
property  –  of  a  relevant  business,  partnership  or  joint  venture  arrangement.  Such  investments  may  result  in  the 
Company acquiring the whole or part of a company or project (which, in the case of an investment in a company, may 
be private  or  listed  on  a  stock  exchange,  and  which  may  be pre-revenue),  and  such  investments  may  constitute  a 
minority stake in the company or project in question. The Company’s investments may take the form of equity, joint 
venture,  debt,  convertible  documents,  licence  rights,  or  other  financial  instruments  such  as  the  Directors  deem 
appropriate. 

The Company may be both an active and a passive investor depending on the nature of the individual investments in 
its  portfolio.  Although  the  Company  intends  to  be  a  long-term  investor,  the  Directors  will  place  no  minimum  or 
maximum limit on the length of time that any investment may be held. 

There is no limit on the number of projects into which the Company may invest, or on the proportion of the Company’s 
gross assets that any investment may represent at any time, and the Company will consider possible opportunities 
anywhere in the world. 

The Directors may offer new ordinary shares in the capital of the Company by way of consideration as well as cash, 
thereby helping to preserve the Company’s cash for working capital and as a reserve against unforeseen contingencies 
including, by way of example and without limit, delays in collecting accounts receivable, unexpected changes in the 
economic environment and unforeseen operational problems. The Company may, in appropriate circumstances, issue 
debt securities or otherwise borrow money to complete an investment. There are no borrowing limits in the Articles 
of Association of the Company. The Directors do not intend to acquire any cross-holdings in other corporate entities 
that have an interest in the ordinary shares. 

Page 23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

GOING CONCERN 

The  Directors  note  the  substantial  losses  that  the  Group  has  made  for  the  Year  ended  31  December  2016.    The 
Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period ending 31 May 2018 which take account of the current cost 
and operational structure of the Group.  

The cost structure of the Group comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and therefore in the event that 
cash  flows  become  constrained,  costs  can  be  quickly  reduced  to  enable  the  Group  to  operate  within  its  available 
funding. 

These forecasts demonstrate that the Group has sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue in business for 
a period of at least twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements.  Accordingly, the financial 
statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

It is the prime responsibility of the Board to ensure the Group and Company remains a going concern. At 31 December 
2016  the  Company  had  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  £4,192,000  and  borrowings  of  £10,831,000.  The  Group  has 
minimal contractual expenditure commitments and the Board considers the present funds sufficient to maintain the 
working capital of the Company for a period of at least 12 months from the date of signing the Annual Report and 
Financial Statements. For these reasons the Directors adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of the Financial 
Statements. 

STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IFRS 

The Group and the Company’s financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and the 
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as 
adopted by the European Union and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. The 
principal accounting policies adopted by the Group and Company are set out below. 

BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION  

The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and all of its subsidiary undertakings drawn up to 
the  balance  sheet  date.  Subsidiaries  are  entities  over  which  the  Company  has  the  power  to  control,  directly  or 
indirectly, the financial and operating policies so as to obtain benefits from their activities. The Company obtains and 
exercises control through voting rights. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date at which control is transferred 
to the Company. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. 

Unrealised gains on transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated. Unrealised losses are also 
eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. Amounts reported in 
the financial statements of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting 
policies adopted by the Group. 

Acquisitions of subsidiaries are dealt with by the acquisition method. The acquisition method involves the recognition 
at fair value of all identifiable assets and liabilities, including contingent liabilities of the subsidiary, at the acquisition 
date, regardless of whether or not they were recorded in the financial statements of the subsidiary prior to acquisition. 
On initial recognition, the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary are included in the consolidated balance sheet at their 
fair values, which are also used as the bases for subsequent measurement in accordance with the Group accounting 
policies.  Goodwill  is  stated  after  separating  out  identifiable  intangible  assets.  Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of 
acquisition cost over the fair value of the Group's share of the identifiable net assets of the acquired subsidiary at the 
date of acquisition. Acquisition costs are written off as incurred. 

Investments in associates are initially recognised at cost and subsequently accounted for using the equity method. Any 
goodwill or fair value adjustment attributable to the Group’s share in the associate is not recognised separately and is 
included in the amount recognised as investment in associate. The carrying amount of the investment in associates is 
increased or decreased to recognise the Group’s share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the 
associate, adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the accounting policies of the Group. Unrealised gains 
and losses on transactions between the Group and its associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in 
those entities. Where unrealised losses are eliminated, the underlying asset is also tested for impairment. 

Page 24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

TURNOVER 

Other income represents the total value, excluding VAT of income receivable from professional services. Income is 
recognised as the services are provided. 

RESTATEMENT OF MARKET VALUE MOVENTS IN AFSA 

The Group has changed its accounting policy for Available For Sale Assets. The unrealised profits of these quoted 
investments are now taken into income, less any related costs of purchase. This has resulted in a restatement of the 
financial statements for 31 December 2015. 

TAXATION 

Current income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, fiscal authorities relating to 
the current or prior reporting period, that are unpaid at the balance sheet date. They are calculated according to the 
tax rates and tax laws applicable to the fiscal periods to which they relate, based on the taxable result for the period. 
All changes to current tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the income statement. 

Deferred  income  taxes  are  calculated  using  the  liability  method  on  temporary  differences.  This  involves  the 
comparison  of  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  with  their 
respective tax bases. In addition, tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits to the 
Group are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 

Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  always  provided  for  in  full.  Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognised  to  the  extent  that  it  is 
probable  that  they  will  be  able  to  be  offset  against  future  taxable  income.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are 
calculated, without discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply to their respective period of realisation, provided 
they are enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Most changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the income statement. 
Only changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities that relate to a change in value of assets or liabilities that is charged 
directly to equity are charged or credited directly to equity. 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

The  Group's  financial  assets  include  cash,  other  receivables  and  available  for  sale  assets.  All  financial  assets  are 
recognised when the Group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. All financial assets are 
initially  recognised  at  fair  value,  plus  transaction  costs.  Trade  and  other  receivables  are  provided  against  when 
objective evidence is received that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due to it in accordance with the 
original terms of the receivables. The amount of the writedown is determined as the difference between the asset’s 
carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows. 

Derivative instruments are recorded at costs, and adjusted for their market value as applicable. They are assessed for 
any equity and debt component which is subsequently accounted for in accordance with IFRS’s. The Group’s and 
Company’s only derivative is considered to be the Convertible loan as detailed in Note 12, which is accounted for at 
cost, with accrued interest in accordance with the terms of the loan notes. 

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivative financial assets that are either designated to this category or do 
not qualify for inclusion in any of the other categories of financial assets. The Group’s available-for-sale financial 
assets include listed securities. These available-for-sale financial assets are measured at fair value. Gains and losses 
are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income as revenue. Interest calculated using the effective interest 
method  and  dividends  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  within  finance  income.  Reversals  of  impairment  losses  are 
recognised in other comprehensive income. 

Page 25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS – LICENCES 

Licences are recognised as an intangible asset at historical cost and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation 
and accumulated impairment losses. The licences have a finite life and no residual value and are amortised over the 
life of the licence. 

EXPLORATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES 

Acquired intangible assets, which consist of mining rights, are valued at cost less accumulated amortisation. 

The  Group  applies  the  full  cost  method  of  accounting  for  exploration  and  evaluation  costs,  having  regard  to  the 
requirements  of  IFRS  6  'Exploration  for  and  Evaluation  of  Mineral  Resources'.  All  costs  associated  with  mining 
development and investment are capitalised on a project by project basis pending determination of the feasibility of 
the project. Such expenditure comprises appropriate technical and administrative expenses but not general overheads. 

Such exploration and evaluation costs are capitalised provided that the Group's rights to tenure are current and one 
of the following conditions is met: 

(i) 

(ii) 

such costs are expected to be recouped through successful development and exploitation of the area of interest 
or alternatively by its sale; or 
the activities have not reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of whether or not economically 
recoverable resources exist; or 

(iii)  active and significant operations in relation to the area are continuing. 

When an area of interest is abandoned or the directors decide that it is not commercial, any exploration and evaluation 
costs previously capitalised in respect of that area are written off to profit or loss. 

Amortisation  does  not  take  place  until  production  commences  in  these  areas.  Once  production  commences, 
amortisation  is  calculated  on  the  unit  of  production  method,  over  the  remaining  life  of  the  mine.  Impairment 
assessments are carried out regularly by the directors. Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment 
when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount may exceed its recoverable amount. Such indicators 
include the point at which a determination is made as to whether or not commercial reserves exist. 

The asset's residual value and useful lives are reviewed and adjusted if appropriate, at each reporting date. An assets' 
carrying value is written down immediately to its recoverable value if the assets carrying amount is greater than its 
listed recoverable amount. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand, bank deposits repayable on demand, and other short 
term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an 
insignificant  risk  of  changes  in  value,  less  advances  from  banks  repayable  within  three  months  from  the  date  of 
advance if the advance forms part of the Group's cash management. 

GOODWILL 

Goodwill representing the excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair value of the Group's share of the identifiable 
net assets acquired is capitalised and reviewed annually for impairment. Goodwill is carried at cost less accumulated 
impairment losses. Negative goodwill is recognised immediately after acquisition in profit or loss. 

On disposal of a subsidiary, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss 
on disposal. 

Page 26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

IMPAIRMENT TESTING OF GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

For  the  purposes  of  assessing  impairment,  assets  are  grouped  at  the  lowest  levels  for  which  there  are  separately 
identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units).  As a result, some assets are tested individually for impairment and 
some are tested at cash-generating unit level.  Goodwill is allocated to those cash-generating units that are expected 
to benefit from synergies of the related business combination and represent the lowest level within the Group at which 
management monitors the related cash flows. 

Goodwill, other individual assets or cash-generating units that include goodwill and other intangible assets with an 
indefinite useful life are tested for impairment at least annually. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  for  the  amount  by  which  the  asset's  or  cash-generating  unit's  carrying  amount 
exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value, reflecting market conditions less 
costs to sell, and value in use. Impairment losses recognised for cash-generating units, to which goodwill has been 
allocated, are credited initially to the carrying amount of goodwill.  Any remaining impairment loss is charged pro 
rata  to  the  other  assets  in  the  cash  generating  unit.    With  the  exception  of  goodwill,  all  assets  are  subsequently 
reassessed for indications that an impairment loss previously recognised may no longer exist.  

EQUITY 

Share capital is determined using the nominal value of shares that have been issued. 

The share premium account represents premiums received on the initial issuing of the share capital.  Any transaction 
costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from share premium, net of any related income tax benefits. 

The share based payment reserve represents the cumulative amount which has been expensed in the income statement 
in connection with share based payments, less any amounts transferred to retained earnings on the exercise of share 
options. 

The hedging, loan and exchange reserve represents the change in value of the equity swap, the equity component of 
the issued convertible loan notes, and currency translation movements in foreign exchange. 

Retained earnings include all current and prior period results as disclosed in the income statement. 

FOREIGN CURRENCIES 

The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is also the functional currency of the parent Company. 

In the individual financial statements of the consolidated entities, foreign currency transactions are translated into the 
functional currency of the individual entity using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions.  Foreign 
exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation of monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year-end exchange rates are recognised in profit or loss. 

In the consolidated financial statements, the financial statements of subsidiaries, originally presented in a functional 
currency, have been translated into Sterling.  Assets and liabilities have been translated into Sterling at the exchange 
rates ruling at the balance sheet date.  Profit and losses have been translated at an average monthly rate for the period. 
Any  differences  arising  from  this  procedure  are  taken  to  the  foreign  exchange  reserve.    Goodwill  and  fair  value 
adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity have been treated as assets and liabilities to the foreign entity 
and translated into Sterling at the closing rates. 

Page 27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

The  Group  issues  equity-settled  share-based  payments  to  certain  employees  (including  directors).  Equity-settled 
share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value determined at the grant date of 
the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, together with a 
corresponding increase in equity, based upon the Group's estimate of the shares that will eventually vest. 

Fair value is measured using the Black-Scholes model. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based 
on  management's  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions  and  behavioural 
considerations. 

The expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of the number of share options 
expected to vest. Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are 
expected to become exercisable. Estimates are subsequently revised, if there is any indication that the number of share 
options expected to vest differs from previous estimates. 

No  adjustment  is  made  to  the  expense  or  share  issue  cost  recognised  in  prior  periods  if  fewer  share  options  are, 
ultimately  exercised  than  originally  estimated.  Upon  exercise  of  share  options,  the  proceeds  received  net  of  any 
directly attributable transaction costs up to the nominal value of shares issued are allocated to share capital with any 
excess being recorded as share premium. 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables.  Financial liabilities are obligations to pay cash or 
other  financial  assets  and  are  recognised  when  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  the  contractual  provisions  of  the 
instrument. 

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value, net of direct issue costs, and are subsequently recorded at 
amortised cost using the effective interest method with interest related charges recognised as an expense in the income 
statement. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Significant judgments and estimates 
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported 
amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements 
and  the  reported  amounts  of  income  and  expenditure  during  the  reported  period.  The  estimates  and  associated 
judgments are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the 
circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities 
that are not readily apparent from other sources. 

 

 

The estimates and underlying judgments are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates 
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the 
period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

In  the  preparation  of  these  consolidated  financial  statements,  estimates  and  judgments  have  been  made  by 
management  concerning  calculating  the  fair  values of  the assets  acquired  on business  combinations,  and  the 
assumptions used in the calculation of the fair value of the share options. Actual amounts could differ from those 
estimates. 

  Management has made the following estimates that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised 

in the financial statements. 

Page 28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS (CONTINUED) 

Impairment of goodwill 
The  basis  of  review  of  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  is  as  detailed  in  note  6.  The  carrying  value  of  goodwill  is 
£630,000 at the balance sheet date. Management do not consider that any reasonably foreseeable changes in the key 
assumptions  would  result  in  an  impairment.  Further  details  of  management's  assessment  of  the  goodwill  for 
impairment are included in note 6. 

Business combinations 
On  initial  recognition,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  acquired  business  and  the  consideration  paid  for  them  are 
included  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  at  their  fair  values.  In  measuring  fair  value,  management  uses 
estimates of future cash flows. Any subsequent change in these estimates would affect the amount of goodwill if the 
change qualifies as a measurement period adjustment. Any other change would be recognised in the income statement 
in the subsequent period. 

Share-based payments 
The Group measures the cost of the equity-settled transactions with employees & third parties by reference to the fair 
value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The charge for the period ended 31 December 
2016 of £1,869,000 (2015: £641,000) is determined using a Black-Scholes Valuation model, using the assumptions 
detailed in note 14. 

Treatment of exploration and evaluation costs 
IFRS 6 "Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources" requires an entity to consistently apply a policy to 
account for expenditure on exploration and evaluation of a mineral resource. The directors have set out their policy 
in respect of the treatment of these costs in the accounting policies. Amounts capitalised in the year to 31 December 
2016 were £105,000 (2015: £635,000). 

Treatment of licenses 
The Company purchased the entire share capital of Mojito Resources Limited during the period ended 31 December 
2011. Mojito Resources Limited is the beneficial owner of a 30% interest in the Tenements in the Yangibana Rare 
Earth Project. These have been treated in the accounting records of Mojito Resources Limited and on consolidation 
as an intangible asset. The directors consider the fair value of the tenements to be equal to the book value in Mojito 
Resources  Limited  at  the  date  of  acquisition  as  the  interest  in  the  tenements  were  purchased  during  the  financial 
period.  In  addition  Mojito  Resources  Limited  has  entered  into  an  Agreement  with  GTI  Resources  Limited  and 
Gascoyne Metals Pty Limited in respect of the Yangibana Project. Mojito Resources is not however liable for any of 
the exploration costs in the initial sole funding period until a Feasibility Report is produced by the operators (GTI 
Resources Limited). At this stage therefore the directors have treated the licenses as an intangible asset. Following 
the  completion  of  the  Feasibility  report  the  directors  will  review  the  accounting  treatment  going  forward  giving 
consideration to their respective responsibilities for the development of the project. 

Page 29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

ADOPTION OF NEW OR AMENDED IFRS 

New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Company 

No new and/or revised Standards and Interpretations have been required to be adopted, and/or are applicable in the 
current year by/to the Company, as standards, amendments and interpretations which are effective for the financial 
year beginning on 1 January 2016 are not material to the Company. 

New standards, amendments and interpretations not yet adopted 

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the following Standards and Interpretations which have 
not been applied in these financial statements, were in issue but not yet effective for the year presented:  

 

 

 

IFRS 9 in respect of Financial Instruments which will be effective for the accounting periods beginning on 
or after 1 January 2018.  

IFRS 15 in respect of Revenue from Contracts with Customers which will be effective for accounting 
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018.  

IFRS 16 in respect of Leases which will be effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 
2019.  

There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a 
material impact on the Company. 

Page 30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

1  OPERATING PROFIT AND SEGMENTAL INFORMATION 

Operating profit - continuing operations 

The operating profit is attributable to the principal activities of the Group.   

The operating profit is stated after charging: 

Year ended 31 
December 2016 
£'000 

  Year ended 31 
December 2015 
£'000 

717 
- 
- 
(104) 
498  

21  

- 

641 
29 
37 
 96  
 578  

19 

- 

Share based payment charge 
Amortisation charge 
Exploration costs written off 
Foreign exchange (gain)/loss 
Directors fees (see note 2) 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the 
financial statements 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for 
other services: 

Other services relating to taxation compliance 

Segmental information 

An operating segment is a distinguishable component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it 
may earn revenues and incur expenses, whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Group’s chief operating 
decision maker to make decisions about the allocation of resources and assessment of performance and about which 
discrete financial information is available. 

The chief operating decision maker has defined that the Group’s only reportable operating segment during the period 
is mining. 

Subject to further acquisitions the Group expects to further review its segmental information during the forthcoming 
financial year.  

The Group generated revenues from external customers totalling £189,000 (2015: £nil) during the period. 

In respect of the total assets, £4,592,000 (2015: £1,121,000) arise in the UK, and £618,000 (2015: £1,130,000) arise 
in Greenland, £17,646,000 arise in Mexico (2015: £15,074,000), £Nil arise in USA (2015: £641,000), £11,646,000 
(2015: £1,575,000) arise in Australia and £950,000 arise in Canada (2015: £35,000). 

Page 31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

2 

EMPLOYEE REMUNERATION 

Employee benefits expense  

The expense recognised for employee benefits, including Directors’ emoluments, is analysed below: 

Wages and salaries 
Share based payments 

Year ended 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

Year ended 

31 December 
2015 
£'000 

 521 
 717  

 1,238  

  578  
  -  

  578  

The average number of employees (including directors) employed by the Group and Company during the period 
was: 

Directors 
Other 

2016 
No. 

4 
1 

5 

2015 
No. 

4 
- 

4 

Included  within  the  above  are  amounts  in  respect  of  Directors,  who  are  considered  to  be  the  key  management 
personnel, as follows: 

Salaries  
Share based payments 

Group and Company 

Year ended 
31 December 
2016 
£'000 

 498  
 717  

 1,215  

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
£'000 

  578  
  -  

578 

Details of Directors' emoluments are included in the Report on Remuneration on pages 13 & 14. 

Page 32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

3 

FINANCE COSTS 

Loan interest 
Finance Fees 

4 

TAXATION  

Year ended 
31 December 
2016 
£'000 

381 
1,646 
  2,027  

Year ended 
31 December 
2015 
£'000 

97 
322 
 419  

The tax assessed for the period differs from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK as follows: 

Year ended  
31 
December 
2016 
£'000 

2016 

% 

Year ended  
31 December 
2015 
(restated) 
£'000 

2015 

% 

Profit/(loss) before taxation 

616  

(852) 

Profit/(loss) multiplied by standard rate 
of corporation tax in the UK 

123  

20 

(173)  20.25 

Effect of: 
Offset against losses/deferred tax asset not recognised 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Total tax charge for year 

(270) 
147  
- 

(93)  
 266  
- 

The Group has tax losses in the UK, subject to Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs approval, available for offset 
against future operating profits.  The Group has not recognised any deferred tax asset in respect of these losses, due 
to there being insufficient certainty regarding its recovery. 

There is no tax credit on the loss for the current or prior period 

Page 33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

5 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The calculation of the basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the consolidated loss attributable to the equity 
holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. 

Profit/(loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company 

Weighted average number of shares for calculating basic 
earnings/(loss) per share 

Year ended  
31 December 
2016 
£’000 

Year ended  
31 December 
2015 (restated) 
£’000 

616  

(852) 

2016 
Number 

2015 
Number 

 7,418,126,097  

 6,802,811,028  

Share options and warrants exercisable 

 1,738,283,823  

  582,123,201  

Weighted average number of shares for calculating diluted 
earnings/(loss per share) 

 9,156,409,920  

 7,384,934,229  

Basic earnings/(loss) per share 
Diluted earnings/(loss) per share 

2016 
Pence 

0.008  
0.007  

2015 
Pence 

(0.01) 
(0.01) 

The impact of the share options are considered anti-dilutive when the group’s result for a period is a loss. 

Page 34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

6 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Group Intangible Assets 

Exploration 
costs 
£'000 

Goodwill 
£'000 

Licences 
£'000 

Cost 
At 1 January 2015 
Additions 
Costs written-off 
Exchange Difference 
At 31 December  2015 
Additions 
Licence expiry 
Exchange Difference 
At 31 December 2016 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 January 2015 
Amortisation charge in the year 
Exchange difference 
At 31 December  2015 
Amortisation charge in the year 
Elimination on licence expiry 
At 31 December 2016 

  576  
635  
(37) 
- 
 1,174  
105 
- 
 -  
 1,279 

 -  
- 
- 
  -  
- 
- 
 -  

Net book value at 31 December 
2016 
Net book value at 31 December 2015 
Net book value at 1 January 2015 

  1,279  

 1,174  
  576  

  567  
- 
- 
(35) 
  532  
  -  
- 
98  
  630  

 -  
- 
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  
 -  

 630  

  532  
  567  

  207  
- 
- 
- 
  207  
  -  
(33) 
- 
  174  

(176) 
(29) 
(2) 
(207) 
- 
33 
(174) 

 -  

 -  
  31  

Total 
£'000 

 1,350  
635  
(37) 
(35) 
 1,913  
 105  
(33) 
98  
 2,083  

(176) 
(29) 
(2) 
(207) 
- 
33 
(174) 

  1,909 

 1,706  
 1,174  

In the year to 31 December 2016 £nil (2015: £90,000) was invested in Greenland and £105,000 (2015: £545,000) was 
invested in Exploration costs by REM Mexico Ltd 

Goodwill of £692,000 arose on the acquisition of Mojito Resources Limited, the licences being the only asset held 
within  that  company.    The directors  are  continuing  to  review  their provisional  assessment of  the fair value  of  the 
licences acquired although do not expect any material adjustment. The directors have therefore identified only one 
cash generating unit to which the goodwill is allocated. As set out in the accounting policies Goodwill is reviewed 
annually or in the event of an indication of impairment. The recoverable amount of goodwill has been determined by 
the fair value less costs to sell.  The directors consider that there have been no changes in circumstances between 
acquisition on 1 December 2013 and 31 December 2016 that would give rise to an impairment charge. 

Page 35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

6 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS CONTINUED 

At this stage the Feasibility Study has not been completed to fully assess the potential future cash flows of developing 
the area under licence. The directors, however, having given consideration to the past exploration of the Project which 
has identified nine individual occurrences of rare earth elements known to occur within the Project areas consider that 
the goodwill is not impaired. Management's  review of the recoverable amount is  most sensitive to changes in the 
commodity prices of the underlying minerals and the existence of the rare earth elements within the Project Area.  
Since the acquisition date there has been no significant fluctuation in the commodity prices of the underlying minerals 
or any material changes to the Project Area. The directors consider that no impairment is required at 31 December 
2016.  

Company only Intangible Assets 

Cost 
At 1 January 2015 
Costs written off 

At 31 December  2015 
Licence expired 

At 31 December 2016 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 January 2015 
Amortisation charge in the year 

At 31 December  2015 
Eliminated on Licence expiry 

At 31 December 2016 

Net book value at 31 December 2016 

Net book value at 31 December 2015 

Net book value at 1 January 2015 

Exploration 
costs 
£'000 

Licences 
£'000 

 37  

(37) 
 -  

- 
 -  

 -  
 -  

 -  

- 
 -  

 -  

 -  

 37  

 33  

- 
 33  
  (33)  

 -  

(26) 
(7) 

(33) 
33 

- 

  -  

  -  

 7  

Total 
£'000 

 70  

(37) 
 33  
  (33)  

 -  

(26) 
(7) 

(33) 
33  

- 

  -  

  -  

 44  

On 10 January 2016, the Company’s exploration licence in the Cup Lake project in Canada expired and the no 
renewal application has been made by the Company in respect of this licence. 

Page 36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

7 

INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES - COMPANY 

Cost and carrying value 

At 31 December 2016 and 31 December 2015 

Investment in 
group 
undertakings 

£'000 

 906  

Subsidiary 

Proportion of 
ordinary share 
capital held 

Nature of 
business  

Country of 
incorporation 

Mojito Resources Ltd 

Rare Earth Minerals Mexico Limited 
Rare Earth Resources Limited 

100% 

100% 
100% 

Mining 

Mining 
Mining 

British Virgin 
Islands 
UK 
UK 

All subsidiary undertakings are included in the consolidation. The proportion of the voting rights in the subsidiary 
undertaking held directly by the parent company do not differ from the proportion of the ordinary shares held. The 
following companies are taking an exception from the audit of the financial statements as per S479A of the Companies 
Act; REM Mexico Ltd (08022329), Rare Earth Resources Ltd (08390571). 

8 

INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATES 

Group 

Changes in equity accounted investment 
Carrying value at beginning of year 
Investment in associate – transferred from 
AFSA 
Share of retained (losses) attributable to the 
group 
Investment carrying value as at year end 

31 December 
2016 
£’000 

31 December 
2015 
£’000 

 2,804  

10,378 

(200) 
 12,982  

 2,933  

-  

(129) 
 2,804  

The Group’s two Mexican associate companies have a reporting date of 30 June. These shares are not publicly listed 
on a stock exchange and hence published results are not available. Therefore the fair value of the Group’s investment 
equates to the carrying book value of £2,685,000 (31 December 2015: £2,804,000). 

On 24 November 2016 the Company’s investment in European Metal Holdings Ltd (“EMH”) increased above a 20% 
shareholding, therefore this has been reclassified as an associate. EMH is listed on the ASX and on AIM. The market 
value of the shareholding at 31 December 2016 was £9,101,086, with a carrying value of £10,297,000. 

Page 37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
% interest 
held 

30% 

30% 

CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

8 

INVESTMENT IN ASSOCIATES CONTINUED 

The Group’s share of results of its associate, which are unlisted, and their aggregated assets and liabilities, are as 
follows: 

Name 

Country of 
incorporation 

Assets 

Liabilities 
As at 31 December 2016 

Revenues  Profit/(Loss) 
Year to 31 December 2016 

Mexilit S.A. de 
C.V. 

Minera Megalit 
S.A. de C.V. 
European 
Metals Holding 
Ltd (1) 

Mexico 

£1,463,806 

(£1,162,229) 

£nil 

(£294,017) 

Mexico 

£607,771 

(£450,629) 

£Nil 

(£104,803) 

BVI 

£6,539,158 

(£364,853) 

£nil 

(£1,858,231) 

20.76% 

(1)  EMH’s results are for the 6 months to 31 December 2016. 

Company 

Changes in equity accounted investment 
Carrying value at beginning of year 
Investment in associate - transferred from 
AFSA 
Share of retained (losses) attributable to the 
group 
Investment carrying value as at year end 

9 

AVAILABLE FOR SALE INVESTMENTS 

Available for sale assets 

Current Assets - Listed Investments 
Valuation at 1 January 
Additions at cost 
Disposal proceeds 
Realised (loss) on disposal 
Reclassified as investment in associate 
Change in fair value recognised in income statement 
Valuation at 31 December  

31 December 
2016 
£’000 

31 December 
2015 
£’000 

 -  

10,378  

(81) 
 10,297  

 -  

- 

- 
  -  

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

31 December 
2015 
£'000 

 13,944  
 7,847  
(1,040) 
(107) 
(10,378) 
  5,701  
  15,967  

 5,708  
  5,743  
 -  
 -  
- 
2,493  
  13,944  

During the year ended 31 December 2016 the company acquired a further 4,550,000 shares in Bacanora Minerals 
Limited, 16,525,926 CDIs in European Metal Holdings Inc. 22,500,000, shares in MacArthur Minerals Ltd, and 
6,500,000 shares in Auroch Minerals Ltd. The company also disposed of 1,436,084 shares in Hastings Rare Metals 
Ltd, its entire shareholding of 3,579,000 shares in Western Lithium Corporation. 

Available-for-sale assets comprise investments in listed securities which are traded on stock markets throughout 
the world, and are held by the Group as a mix of strategic and short term investments. 

Page 38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

10 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Group 

Company 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

  31 December 
2015 
£'000 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

  31 December 
2015 
£'000 

Current assets 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Amounts owed by subsidiaries 
Prepayments and accrued income 

43 
210 
- 
149 

402 

- 

161 
- 
68 

229 

43 
210 
 4,230  
149 

4,632 

- 
161 
4,125 
68 

4,354 

There is no impairment of receivables and no amounts are past due at 31 December 2016 or 31 December 2015.  

The  fair  value  of  these  financial  assets  is  not  individually  determined  as  the  carrying  amount  is  a  reasonable 
approximation of fair value. 

11  TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Current liabilities 
Trade payables 
Tax and social security 
Other payables 
Accruals and deferred income 

Group 

Company 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

  31 December 
2015 
£'000 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

  31 December 
2015 
£'000 

404 
11 
3 
185 

603 

123 

- 
- 
107 

230 

404 
11 
3 
185 

603 

123 
- 
- 
107 

230 

The fair value of trade and other payables has not been disclosed as, due to their short duration, management considers 
the carrying amounts recognised in the balance sheet to be a reasonable approximation of their fair value. 

Page 39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

12  BORROWINGS 

Current liabilities 
Loans - YAGM (unsecured) 
Convertible loan notes 
Accrued loan note interest 

Group and Company 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

31 December 
2015 
£'000 

-  
10,148 
176 

10,324 

2,407 
- 
- 

2,407 

YAGM Loan Facility 
On 13 June 2014, the Company agreed a US$10million debt facility with YA Global Master SPV (“YAGM”), and 
drew down the first US$3million on that date. This loan facility carries a twelve month repayment schedule at a fixed 
rate coupon of 10%. Any subsequent drawdowns will be on the same terms and subject to approval by YAGM. The 
Company made two further drawdowns against the facility both of US$1million each in 2014. As part of the terms of 
the facility, on each drawdown the Company issues Warrants over ordinary shares to YAGM in accordance with the 
terms of the agreement. Total warrants issued to YAGM under this agreement in 2014 were 73,718,850, each with a 
3 year term and exercise prices ranging from 1.1p to 1.8p per share.   

On  3 October 2015  the  loan facility  was  amended  and  during  the  year to 31  December 2015,  further drawdowns 
amounting to US$6.5million were made. Total warrants issued to YAGM under this agreement during 2015 were 
180,579,351, each with a 3 year term and exercise prices ranging from 0.79p to 1.20p per share. In October 2016 this 
debt facility was repaid in full. 

Convertible Loan Notes 
On 8 August 2016, the Company agreed a $15million Convertible Loan Facility with Iskandar Mineral Asset Fund. 
The Convertible Loan is secured by a pledge over the assets of the Company, and has an interest rate of 5%. The 
principle is convertible at 0.65 pence which represents a premium of 5 % over the closing price on 8 August 2016. 
The noteholders shall have the right to convert the Convertible Loan into shares of Cadence on the earlier of: (i) the 
12  month  anniversary  of  the  date  the  Convertible  Note  is  issued  to  the  noteholders;  and  (ii)  the  achievement  by 
Cadence of certain performance measures, including the volume weighted average price of Cadence  shares being 
above the 0.65 pence for 90 consecutive days or relating to potential future investments. In addition, each US$1 of 
the Convertible Loan has forty warrants attached with the right to subscribe to forty new ordinary shares at a price of 
0.8 pence per share for a period of 2 years. The warrant exercise price is a 23% premium to the closing price on the 8 
August 2016. The Loan Note is redeemable at the Company's option prior to conversion.  

The full $15million was drawn down during the year and 600million warrants issued. During the year $1,850,000 of 
the capital was converted into 229,063,331 ordinary shares of 0.01p at an exercise price of 0.8p per share, leaving the 
balance outstanding of $13,150,000 plus interest accrued.  

Since the year end, on 31 January 2017, the Company announced that a further US$200,000 of the convertible loan 
has been converted into 24,529,629 new ordinary shares in the Company at a price of 0.65 pence per share, reducing 
the capital balance to $12,950,000. 

The Loan Note was initially recognised as a liability of £10,672,000 (USD$14,286,000) and an equity element of 
£534,000 (USD$714,000).  

Page 40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

13  SHARE CAPITAL 

Allotted, issued and fully paid 
173,619,050 deferred shares of 0.24p 
7,753,160,709 ordinary shares of 0.01p (31 December 2015: 
6,815,653,495) 

Allotted and issued  
At 31 December 2015 
Total issue of shares during the year 

At 31 December 2016 

Shares Issued during the year 

31 December 
2016 
£'000 

31 December 
2015 
£'000 

417 

775 

417 

681 

 1,192  

 1,098  

Ordinary shares 

No. 

6,815,653,495 
937,507,214 

 7,753,160,709  

£'000 

681 
94 

 775  

•  On 29 February 2016, 645,619,670 Ordinary Shares of 0.01p were issued at 0.55p per share for proceeds of 

£3,550,908 before share placing costs.  

•  On 26 August 2016, 17,574,213 warrants were exercised for Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.8p per share for 

proceeds of £140,594.  

•  On 7 September 2016, 1,250,000 warrants were exercised for Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.8p per share for 

proceeds of £10,000.  

•  On 3 October 2016, $600,000 of the loan was converted into 71,452,658 Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.65p 

per share.  

•  On 14 October 2016, 44,000,000 warrants were exercised for Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.06p per share 

for proceeds of £26,400.   

•  On 14 October 2016, $250,000 of the loan was converted into 31,340,633 Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.65p 

per share.  

•  On 18 October 2016, $500,000 of the loan was converted into 63,135,020 Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.65p 

per share.  

•  On 3 November 2016, $500,000 of the loan was converted into 63,135,020 Ordinary Shares of 0.01p at 0.65p 

per share.  
(During year ended 31 December 2015, 312,500,000 shares were issued.) 

• 

The deferred shares have no voting rights and are not eligible for dividends. 

Warrants issued 
Each warrant issued is governed by the provisions of warrant instruments representing the warrants which have been 
adopted by the Company. The rights conferred by the warrants are transferable in whole or in part subject to and in 
accordance with the transfer provisions set out in the Articles. The holders of warrants have no voting rights, pre-
emptive rights or other rights attaching to Ordinary Shares. All warrants issued vest in full. Warrants fall outside the 
scope of IFRS2 if they have been issued to shareholders in their capacity as shareholders and have therefore not been 
treated as share based payments. Warrants were issued to YAGM in connection with further loan drawdowns during 
the  year  ended  31  December  2015,  and  their  treatment  has  been  covered  in  Note  14.  During  the  year  ended  31 
December 2016, 322,809,835 warrants were issued to shareholders in their capacity as shareholders and 600,000,000 
warrants were issued in connection with the Convertible Loan. The treatment of these has been covered in Note 14. 

Page 41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

13  SHARE CAPITAL CONTINUED 

The following table shows details of the warrants granted and exercised during the year: 

31 December 2016 

31 December 2015 

Number 

WAEP 
£ 

Number 

WAEP 
£ 

Outstanding at the beginning of the 
year 
Granted 
Exercised 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

Exercisable at year end 

254,298,201 

0.0105 

73,718,850 

0.01259 

922,809,835 
(18,824,213) 
1,158,283,823 

1,158,283,823 

0.00784 

180,579,351 

0.0080  
0.00855 

- 
254,298,201 

254,298,201 

0.0097 

- 
0.0105 

14 

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

Share Options 
The Group operates share option schemes for certain employees (including directors).  Options are exercisable at the 
option price agreed at the date of grant.  The options are settled in equity once exercised.  The expected life of the 
options varies between 1 and 6 years.  If the options remain unexercised after a period of ten years from the date of 
grant, the options expire.  Options all vested immediately, there are no vesting requirements. 

Details of the number of share options and the weighted average exercise price (WAEP) outstanding during the period 
are as follows: 

31 December 2016 

31 December 2015 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 

327,825,000 

0.00457 

  332,925,000 

Number 

WAEP 
£ 

Number 

Granted 

Exercised 

Lapsed 

300,000,000 

0.0044 

(44,000,000) 

(0.006) 

(3,825,000) 

(0.03) 

Outstanding at the end of the year 

580,000,000 

0.00437 

Exercisable at year end 

580,000,000 

- 

- 

(5,100,000) 
  327,825,000 

  327,825,000 

WAEP 
£ 

0.0045 

- 

- 

(0.03) 

0.00457 

Page 42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

14  SHARE BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED 

The share options outstanding at the end of the period have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.24 
years (31 December 2015: 4.87 years) and have the following exercise prices and fair values at the date of grant: 

First exercise date 
(when vesting 
conditions are met)  

Grant date 

Exercise 
price 

Fair value 

31 December 
2016 

31 December 
2015 

£ 

£ 

Number 

Number 

6 March 2009 
28 January 2013 

29 November 2013 

13 December 2012 

28 June 2013 
21 May 2014 
23 May 2014 
1 July 2016 

6 March 2006 
28 January 2010 
29 November 
2010 
13 December 
2012 
28 June 2013 
21 May 2014 
23 May 2014 
1 July 2016 

0.00325 
0.0006 

0.020776 
0.0004 

- 
10,000,000 

3,825,000 
24,000,000 

0.005 

0.003537 

- 

30,000,000 

0.0006 
0.0006 
0.0048 
0.0058 
0.0044 

0.00055 
0.000371 
0.004711 
0.005574 
0.002388 

20,000,000 
10,000,000 
200,000,000 
40,000,000 
300,000,000 

20,000,000 
10,000,000 
200,000,000 
40,000,000 
- 

580,000,000 

327,825,000 

The share options can be exercised up to seven years after the date first exercisable.   

At 31 December 2016 all 580,000,000 options were exercisable (31 December 2015: 327,825,000). 

Share Warrants 

During  the  year  ended 31 December  2016,  322,809,835 warrants were issued  to  shareholders  in  their  capacity  as 
shareholders and 600,000,000 warrants were issued in connection with the Convertible Loan.  

Additionally during the year ended 31 December 2016 Nil (2015: 180,579,351) warrants were issued to YAGM in 
connection with the further $6.5 million loans drawn down. 

Page 43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

14  SHARE BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED 

Share warrants 

First exercise date 
(when vesting 
conditions are met)  

Grant date 

Exercise 
price 

31 December 
2016 

31 December 
2015 

£ 

Number 

Number 

13 June 2014 

19 September 2014 

22 October 2014 
29 June 2015 
29 July 2015 
02 October 2015 
23 October 2015 

16 November 2015 

20 November 2015 

29 February 2016 
09 August 2016 

13 June 2014 
19 September 
2014 

22 October 2014 
29 June 2015 
29 July 2015 
02 October 2015 
23 October 2015 
16 November 
2015 
20 November 
2015 
29 February 
2016 
09 August 2016 

0.011 
0.018 

0.014 
1.2 
1.13 
0.96 
0.95 
0.84 

0.79 

0.8 

0.8 

49,068,529 

49,068,529 

10,848,654 

10,848,654 

13,801,667 
33,574,598 
17,656,007 
34,341,188 
34,366,078 

13,801,667 
33,574,598 
17,656,007 
34,341,188 
34,366,078 

19,647,535 

19,647,535 

40,993,945 

40,993,945 

303,985,622 

600,000,000 

- 

- 

1,158,283,823 

254,298,201 

These warrants can be exercised up to three years after the date first exercisable.  At 31 December 2016 all of the 
1,158,283,823 warrants were exercisable (31 December 2015: 254,298,201). 

For  those  options  and  warrants  granted  where  IFRS  2  "Share-Based  Payment"  is  applicable,  the  fair  values  were 
calculated using the Black-Scholes model.  The inputs into the model were as follows: 

Risk free rate 

Share price 
volatility 

Expected life 

Share price at 
date of grant 

29 June 2015 
29 July 2015 
02 October 2015 
23 October 2015 
16 November 2015 
20 November 2015 
01 July 2016 
09 August 2016 

2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 
2.00% 

73%  3 years 
64%  3 years 
62%  3 years 
52%  3 years 
50%  3 years 
51%  3 years 
63%  5 years 
68%  2 years 

£0.0094 
£0.0091 
£0.0102 
£0.0094 
£0.0080 
£0.0081 
£0.0044 
£0.0063 

Page 44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

14  SHARE BASED PAYMENTS CONTINUED 

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Company's share price for 12 months 
prior to the date of grant.  The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, based on management's best estimate, 
for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions and behavioural considerations. 

The Group recognised total expenses of £1,869,000 (year ended 31 December 2015: £641,000) relating to equity-
settled share-based payment transactions during the period. 

15  CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

There were no contingent liabilities at 31 December 2016 or 31 December 2015. 

16  CAPITAL COMMITMENTS 

There were no capital commitments at 31 December 2016 or 31 December 2015. 

17  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks which result from both its operating and investing activities.  The 
Board is responsible for co-ordinating the Group's risk management and focuses on actively securing the Group's 
short to medium term cash flows.  Long term financial investments are managed to generate lasting returns. 

The Group has purchased shares in Companies which are listed on public trading exchanges such as the TSX, AIM 
and ASX, and these shares are held as an available-for-sale asset. The most significant risks to which the Group is 
exposed are described below: 

a  Credit risk 

The Group's credit risk will be primarily attributable to its trade receivables.  At 31 December 2016, the Group had 
minimal trade receivables and therefore minimal risk arises. 

Page 45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

17  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED 

Generally,  the  Group's  maximum  exposure  to  credit  risk  is  limited  to  the  carrying  amount  of  the  financial  assets 
recognised at the balance sheet date, as summarised below: 

31 December 2016 

31 December 2015 

AFS  
(carried 
at fair 
value 

Loans and 
receivables 

Derivative 
financial 
assets 

Statement 
of 
Financial 
position 
total 

AFS  
(carried 
at fair 
value) 

Loans and 
receivables 

Derivative 
financial 
assets 

Statement 
of 
financial 
position 
total 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

Available-
for-sale 
financial 
asset 
Other long 
term financial 
assets 
Trade 
receivables 
Other 
receivables 
Prepayments 
and accrued 
income 
Cash and 
cash 
equivalents 

15,967  

15,967 

 -  

 -  

 -  

  -  

 -  

 15,967 

13,944  

  -  

43 

 210  

 149  

  -  

 15,967  

13,944  

- 

  -  

 -  

 43  

 210 

149 

- 

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

  4,192  

 -  

 4,192  

  - 

  - 

- 

 161  

  68  

  893  

 - 

 13,944  

 - 

 13,944  

 -  

 -  

 -  

 -  

  -  

  161  

  68  

 893  

Total 

15,967  

 4,594  

  -  

20,561 

13,944  

 1,122  

  -  

 15,066  

Financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, grouped into Levels 1 to 3 based 
on the degree to which the fair value is observable: 

•  Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical 

assets or liabilities; 

•  Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 
that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); 
and 

•  Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or 

liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy.  In such 
cases, an investment’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to 
the  fair  value  measurement.    Management’s  assessment  of  the  significance  of  a  particular  input  to  the  fair  value 
measurement in its entirety requires judgement, and considers factors specific to the investment. 

Investments 
The Group’s investment in shares in Listed Companies are included as an available-for-sale asset has been classified 
as Level 1, as market prices are available and the market is considered an active, liquid market.  

The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the Group only places deposits with leading financial institutions in 
the United Kingdom. 

Page 46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

17  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED 

b 

Liquidity risk 

The Group seeks to manage financial risk by ensuring sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable needs and 
to  invest  cash  assets  safely  and  profitably.    The  Directors  prepare  rolling  cash  flow  forecasts  and  seek  to  raise 
additional equity funding whenever a shortfall in funding is forecast.  Details of the going concern basis of preparing 
the financial statements are included in the principal accounting policies. 

c 

Market risk 

The amount and quality of minerals available and the related costs of extraction and production represent a significant 
risk to the group. The group is exposed to fluctuating commodity prices in respect of the underlying assets. The Group 
seeks to manage this risk by carrying out appropriate due diligence in respect of the projects in which it invests. 

The Group is exposed to the volatility of the stock markets around the world, on which it holds shares in various listed 
entities,  and  the  fluctuation  of  share  prices  of  these  underlying  companies.  The  Group  manages  this  risk  through 
constant  monitoring  of  its  investments  share  prices  and  news  information,  but  does  not  hedge  against  these 
investments. 

Interest rate risk 

The Group only has borrowings at a loan note rate of 5% with various loan note holders and therefore minimal interest 
rate risk, as this is deemed its only material exposure thereto. 

d 

Financial liabilities 

The group's financial liabilities are classified as follows: 

31 December 2016 

31 December 2015 

Other 
financial 
liabilities 
at 
amortised 
cost 
£'000 

Liabilities 
not within 
the scope 
of IAS 39 

Total 

£'000 

£'000 

Other 
financial 
liabilities 
at 
amortised 
cost 
£'000 

Liabilities 
not within 
the scope 
of IAS 39 

Total 

£'000 

£'000 

Trade 
payables 
Tax and 
social 
security 
Other 
payables 
Accruals and 
deferred 
income 

Borrowings 

Total 

404 

11 

3 

- 
10,324 

10,742 

404 

123 

- 

- 

- 

11 

3 

185 
 -  

 185  

185 
 10,324 

 10,927  

- 

- 

- 
2,407 

2,530 

- 

- 

- 

123 

- 

- 

107 
- 

107 

107 
2,407 

  2,637  

Page 47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC (FORMERLY RARE EARTH MINERALS PLC) 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

For the year ended 31 December 2016 

17  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS CONTINUED 

Maturity of financial liabilities 

All financial liabilities at 31 December 2016 and 31 December 2015 mature in less than one year. 

Borrowing facilities for the period ended 31 December 2016 

The Group has committed borrowing facilities at 31 December 2016 of £10,324,000 (31 December 2015: £2,407,000). 
See Note 12 for details. 

e 

Capital risk management 

The Group's objectives when managing capital are: 

- 

- 
- 

to safeguard the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it continues to provide returns and benefits 
for the shareholders; 
to support the Group's stability and growth; and 
to provide capital for the purpose of strengthening the Group's risk management capability. 

The Group actively and regularly reviews and manages its capital structure, to ensure an optimal capital structure, and 
equity holder returns, taking into consideration the future capital requirements of the Group and capital efficiency, 
prevailing and projected profitability, projected operating cash flows, projected capital expenditures and projected 
strategic investment opportunities. Management regards total equity as capital and reserves, for capital management 
purposes. 

18  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

There are no related party transactions to disclose. 

Key Management Personnel are considered to be the Company Directors only, and their fees and Remuneration are 
disclosed in the Directors Remuneration on pages 13 to 14, and within Note 2 to the financial statements. 

19  EVENTS AFTER THE END OF THE REPORTING PERIOD 

On 31 January 2017, the Company announced that a further US$200,000 of its US$15 million convertible loan has 
been converted into 24,529,629 new ordinary shares in the Company at a price of 0.65 pence per share, reducing the 
balance to $12,950,000. 

On 24 March 2017, the Company changed its name from Rare Earth Minerals Plc to Cadence Minerals Plc by way of 
a statutory notice of change filed at Companies House. 

20  ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

In the opinion of the directors there is no controlling party. 

21  PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT OF THE PARENT COMPANY 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the profit and loss account of the parent company has not 
been separately presented in these accounts. The parent company profit for the year was £735,000 (2015 restated: loss 
£700,000). 

Page 48