Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Cadence Minerals Plc

Cadence Minerals Plc

kdnc · LSE Basic Materials
Claim this profile
Ticker kdnc
Exchange LSE
Sector Basic Materials
Industry
Employees 1-10
← All annual reports
FY2020 Annual Report · Cadence Minerals Plc
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Company Registration No: 05234262 

Cadence Minerals PLC 

Annual Report and Accounts 
For the year ended 31 December 2020

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
COMPANY INFORMATION 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

Company registration number: 

05234262 

Registered office: 

Directors: 

c/o Hill Dickinson LLP 
The Broadgate Tower 
Primrose Street 
London 
EC2A 2EW 

Andrew Suckling (Non-Executive Chairman) 
Kiran Morzaria (Chief Executive Officer) 
Donald Strang (Executive Finance Director) 
Adrian Fairbourn (Non-executive Director) 

Secretary: 

Donald Strang 

Nominated adviser and  
Nominated broker: 

Registrars: 

Bankers: 

Solicitors: 

Auditors: 

W. H. Ireland Limited 
24 Martin Lane 
London  
EC4R 0DR 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen 
West Midlands 
B63 3DA 

Barclays Bank Plc 
1 Churchill Place 
London 
E14 5HP 

Hill Dickinson LLP 
The Broadgate Tower 
20 Primrose Street 
London 
EC2A 2EW 

PKF Littlejohn LLP 
15 Westferry Circus 
London 
E14 4HD 

 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC     
CONTENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 
___________________________________________________________________________________ 

OUR BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY ...................................................................................................................... 1 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT .................................................................................................................................................... 2 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S COMMENTARY ........................................................................................................................ 3 

INVESTMENT REVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 

FINANCIAL REVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................. 13 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES ............................................................................................................................... 14 

DIRECTORS’ SECTION 172 STATEMENT .............................................................................................................................. 16 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS ................................................................................................................................................ 18 

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT ....................................................................................................................... 21 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ................................................................................................................................................ 22 

BOARD MEMBERS ............................................................................................................................................................... 27 

REPORT ON REMUNERATION ............................................................................................................................................. 30 

INDEPENDNET AUDITORS REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CADENCE MINERALS PLC ......................................................... 33 

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ....................................................................................................................... 39 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITITON .............................................................................................................................. 40 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY ................................................................................................................................. 41 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS ............................................................................................................................................. 42 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES ..................................................................................................................................... 43 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ............................................................................................................................ 51 

Forward-looking Statement 

This annual report contains ‘forward-looking information’, which may include, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the future This 
annual report contains ‘forward-looking information’, which may include, but is not limited to, statements with respect to the future financial and 
operating  performance  of  Cadence  Minerals,  the  estimation  of  mineral  resources,  the  realisation  of  mineral  resource  estimates,  costs  of 
production,  capital  and  exploration  expenditures,  costs  and  timing  of  the  development  of  new  deposits,  requirements  for  additional  capital, 
governmental  regulation  of  mining  operations  and exploration operations,  timing  and receipt  of  approvals,  licenses,  environmental  risks,  title 
disputes or claims. 

Often,  but  not  always,  forward-looking  statements  can  be  identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  ‘plans’,  ‘expects’,  ‘is  expected’,  ‘budget’, 
‘scheduled’, ‘estimates’, ‘forecasts’, ‘intends’, ‘anticipates’ or ‘believes’, or variations (including negative variations) of such words and phrases, or 
state that certain actions, events or results ‘may’, ‘could’, ‘would’, ‘might’ or ‘will’ be taken, occur or be achieved. Forward-looking statements 
involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Cadence 
and/or  its  subsidiaries,  investment  assets  and/or  its  affiliated  companies  to  be  materially  different  from  any  future  results,  performance,  or 
achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. 

Such  factors  include,  among  others,  general  business,  economic,  competitive,  political  and  social  uncertainties;  the  actual  results  of  current 
exploration activities; conclusions of economic evaluations and studies; fluctuations in the value of UK Pounds Sterling relative to the United States 
Dollar, and other foreign currencies; changes in project parameters as plans continue to be refined; future prices of products; possible variations 
of ore grade or recovery rates; failure of plant, equipment or processes to operate as anticipated; accidents, labour disputes and other risks of the 
mining industry; political instability, adverse weather conditions, insurrection or war; delays in obtaining governmental approvals or financing or 
in the completion of development or construction activities. 

Although Cadence has attempted to identify important factors that could cause actual actions, events or results to differ materially from those 
described  in  forward-looking  statements,  there  may  well  be  other  factors  that  cause  actions,  events  or  results  to  differ  from  those  currently 
anticipated, estimated or intended. 

Forward-looking statements contained herein are made as of the date of this annual report and Cadence disclaims any obligation to update any 
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or results or otherwise. There can be no assurance that forward-
looking statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. 
Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty therein. Nothing in this annual 
report should be construed as a profit forecast. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

OUR BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT STRATEGY 

Cadence Minerals is an early stage investment and development company within the mineral resource 
sector and is listed as an investment company on the London Stock Exchange AIM market and the Aquis 
Stock Exchange, also based in London. 

Our strategy is to identify undervalued assets, with irreplaceable strategic advantages that will deliver capital 
growth to our shareholders. We invest in these assets and where required help deliver capital growth. 

To meet long-term demand, we believe the metals and mining sectors require focused investment capital 
from knowledgeable investors that understand the substantial risk of the mineral resource sector and how 
to mitigate these risks to maximise potential returns for our investors. 

Our investment strategy comprises of investments in private assets, in which of late we have taken a private 
equity approach, and public equity (e.g. listed on a stock exchange). These classes of investment can be held 
actively or passively.  

Active investments are typically larger investments where Cadence seeks to positively influence the 
management of investee companies by providing oversight and guidance at Board level to enhance 
shareholder value and minimize downside risk. 

Our private investments include mineral exploration and development projects, run either through joint 
venture companies or joint venture licenses, operated by the joint venture company with in-country 
partners who have the requisite knowledge and expertise to advance projects.  More recently in this part of 
our investment portfolio, we have taken an active part in the management and decision making of our 
investee companies, using legal agreements to provide negative control mechanisms to protect the 
Company’s investments. We ideally seek to fund private investment via earn-ins, and if possible, look to 
incentivise our joint venture partners via equity in Cadence against deliverables that will add value.  

The Equity Investment segment includes both active and passive investments as part of our trading portfolio. 
The trading portfolio consists of investments in listed mining equities where the Board believes the 
underlying investments are attractive. The focus is to invest in mining companies that are significantly 
undervalued by the market and where there is substantial upside potential through exploration success 
and/or development of a mining project towards commercial production. Ultimately the aim is to make 
capital gains in the short to medium term. Investments are considered individually based on various criteria 
and typically are stock exchange traded on the TSX, ASX, AIM or LSE. 

In addition, we seek to further mitigate our risk exposure by obtaining a deep fundamental understanding of 
an investment, its potential economics, operating and legal environment and management team. By doing 
so, we can eliminate many of the potential investments that we review during the year and fund projects 
that we believe will deliver value to our shareholders. 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

I am pleased to present the Company’s Annual Report and Audited Financial Statements for the year ended 
31 December 2020. 

In my previous statement to you as Chairman, I surmised that the economic contraction, whilst severe and 
turbulent,  would  hopefully  recover  rapidly  due  to  global  stimulus measures.  Today,  despite the  persistent 
dislocations and disruptions of the global pandemic, this view is supported by several key metrics, including 
higher commodity prices. 

On behalf of the Board of Directors (“Board”) and management, I wish to express our thanks and gratitude to 
all our service  providers, consultants, advisors and most  importantly to our shareholders for their support 
throughout a difficult year. Despite the unpredictable nature of the pandemic, the Board and the Company 
have been able to operate efficiently and successfully. We are well-positioned to transition back to our regular 
pre-COVID work schedule as and when that is permitted. Our sincere hope that all within our community have 
kept themselves and their families safe and well.  

Without any specific order or priority, our Board wishes to congratulate the successes and achievements of 
our portfolio companies. Bacanora has successfully negotiated agreements with one of the Worlds biggest 
Lithium producers, European Metal Holdings has continued to develop Cinovec, the largest hard rock Lithium 
deposit in Europe, Macarthur Minerals has taken great strides forward with the Lake Giles Iron project and its 
respective BFS, and Hastings Technology Metals has been at the front and centre of the global focus on rare 
earth metals. While remaining as supportive shareholders to these companies, our Board remains focused on 
unlocking and accelerating the value across our entire portfolio. To this extent, despite the challenges thrown 
up  by  COVID  in  conducting  thorough  due  diligence,  we  have  continued  to  look  for  new  investment 
opportunities to complement our geographic and geological spread. 

The  pandemic  has  provided  new  perspectives  on  developing  our  portfolio,  none  more  so  than  at  our  key 
pending investment - the Amapa Iron Ore (“Amapa Project”) project in Brazil. The main priority for the Board 
has been following the processes and protocols outlined in the Judicial Review Procedure, which have been 
meticulously and publicly disclosed at every step of the journey. Our management team have maintained a 
patient and persistent approach, following what was always expected to be a protracted route to bring the 
mine and community back to life. Today, supported by a 21% increase in total mineral resources compared to 
the equivalent MRE published by Anglo American 2012 and with the global supply of iron ore still falling short 
of predicted global demand, the Amapa opportunity looks better than ever. 

The  unprecedented  levels  of  global  economic  stimulus,  combined  with  a  focus  on  infrastructure  and  an 
overarching need for strategic supply chains for metals and minerals, suggests our portfolio is well-positioned 
to benefit. Commodity prices have responded to a rapid economic recovery, especially in China. If legislated 
clean  energy  goals,  electric  vehicle  production  and  infrastructure  spending  is  executed  and  adopted  as 
announced  by  the  incumbent  administrations  around  the  globe.  In  that  case,  we  envisage  strong  demand 
growth for the underlying commodities at the heart of the Cadence portfolio. We do not predict prices, but it 
is  worth  noting  that  peak  predictions  often  come  at  peak  prices.  As  such,  our  focus  on  the  long-term 
fundamentals of each commodity allows for a more sustainable and longer-term investment thesis. 

While the challenges of the pandemic remain in focus, I would like to conclude by personally thanking our 
Cadence Community, management, fellow Board members, staff and partners and of course, all Shareholders 
for their continued support and confidence in the Company. 

Andrew Suckling 
Non-Executive Chairman, 29 June 2021 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER’S COMMENTARY 

I am pleased to present the audited results for the year ended 31 December 2020. Alongside the financial 
statements and supporting notes, a full review of business activities during the year is provided within the 
Strategic Report. 

Given the results presented for the period ended 31 December 20, they reflect a historical position in terms 
of the Company progress and its financial position, so we have included within the Strategic Report further 
information on key events post year-end. 

Despite 2020 being a year of turbulence, Cadence has continued to pursue its strategic objectives because we 
believe that assets that are undervalued, de-risked, or have strategic advantages will outperform their peers 
in the long term. During 2020 this strategy bore fruit with the Company delivering both a net profit of £7.8 
million  (2019  loss  of  £1.9  million)  and  reporting  considerable  progress  across  its  key  investments. 
Furthermore, in 2020, the Company repaid the vast majority of its outstanding convertible debt and in April 
2021 repaid it entirely. 

The challenges faced with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic earlier in 2020 presented the Company with 
some potentially large risks to its concentration of investments. In October 2020, the IMF stated that the total 
bill for the global pandemic would reach some $28tn (£21.5tn) in lost output. The rapid intervention by global 
governments  with  rate  cuts,  looser  monetary  policies  and  fiscal  stimulus  has  certainly  avoided  a  financial 
catastrophe,  but  at  the  same,  increased  demand  for  commodities.  Historically  the  consequences  of  such 
events invariably see a strong recovery in commodity markets. This factor was clearly in evidence as 2020 
progressed. Prices of commodities such as Iron Ore and Nickel and precious metals including Gold and Silver 
all increased in value. 

In the wake of the sharp economic contractions in 2020, the IMF forecast that only China was expected to 
emerge with any economic growth during the year. 2021 is set to be a different story, however, and with the 
vaccine  rollout  accelerating  globally,  there  are  expectations  for  sharp  recoveries  across  most  leading 
economies. Added to this, the new $1.9tn stimulus package in the US from the Biden administration will see 
heavy investment into ageing US infrastructure. These factors should ensure sustained demand and pricing 
for iron ore and base metals. 

There is also the revolution taking place within the automotive industry to consider. The move towards EV’s is 
accelerating rapidly, with a plethora of commitments from key automotive manufacturers such as Ford, Volvo, 
BMW and Jaguar to switch to electric-only production in the next few years. This move, of course, sounds the 
death knell for the internal combustion engine, but at the same time is driving the cost of battery metals and 
component commodities such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and graphite 

The net  effect is that specific  commodities and minerals assets that we have invested in are  undergoing a 
significant global resurgence. I believe that our diverse and complementary nature of investments is uniquely 
positioned, with downside risk protection and several potential scenarios which could create substantial value 
to the Company 

Our portfolio has been focused on two main investments, and the first is the private Amapa Project. The terms 
of our investment and the judicial recovery plan were finalised in 2019. The key outstanding item for Cadence 
to complete its initial US$2 million (20%) investment in the Amapa Project is the execution of a  settlement 
agreement  with  the  secured  bank  creditors.  During  the  year,  we  reached  an  agreement  in  principle  with 
secured  banks  creditors.  At  the  time  of  writing,  we  understand  the  secured  creditors  either  have  credit 
committee approval or are awaiting it. The final settlement agreement has been circulated and is with the 
respective legal teams for review. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Chief Executive Officer’s Commentary (CONTINUED) 

Given  the  time  it  had  taken  for  the  secured  bank  creditors  to  obtain  internal  approval  for  the  settlement 
agreement in February 2021, the Commercial Court of São Paulo ("the Court") ruled that DEV Mineração S.A's 
("DEV") the owner of the Amapa Project could commence the shipment of the iron ore stockpiles situated at 
DEV's wholly-owned port in Santana, Amapa, Brazil. DEV was permitted to export sufficient iron ore to realise 
a US$10 million profit from the Amapa stockpiles at the port. As of the end of June 2021, DEV had shipped 
three  of  the  estimated  four  shipments  of  58%  iron  ore  required  to  net  US$  10  million  profit.  DEV  is  also 
contracted to carry out logistical and shipping activities for third parties who have stockpiles held at DEV’s 
port. 

Despite  the lack of a settlement  agreement, Cadence,  our joint venture  partners, Indo Sino Pte Ltd (“Indo 
Sino”), and DEV determined that it was essential to progress the Amapa Project. In this vein, we completed an 
updated  mineral  resource  statement  increasing  the  total  mineral  resources  by  21%.  In  addition,  we  have 
commenced various other work streams which will enable us to complete and a pre-feasibility study. 

As we have mentioned on numerous occasions, the opportunity to invest in such a project is rare within our 
industry, and we believe this project provides us with a potentially transformative asset for our Company. The 
Amapa  Project  gives  Cadence  the  potential  for  an  exceptional  return  on  investment  in  the  run-up  to  full 
production and an opportunity to become a significant shareholder in a mid-tier iron ore producer. 

The second of our key investments is European Metals Holdings (“EMH”), whose strategy is to become a Czech 
based lithium and tin producer. During the year, EMH’s Cinovec Project has been significantly de-risked and is 
moving rapidly towards a final investment decision. The year was marked primarily by the completion of an 
agreement with CEZ a.s., the Czech national power utility, by which CEZ became a 51% shareholder of the 
Project Company, Geomet and injected approximately EUR 29 million into Cinovec. This agreement not only 
provides all necessary funding to move the Project to the final investment decision, but it also provides strong 
business and management support within the Czech Republic. 

I would like to record my thanks to the team members at Cadence and our investee companies who have all 
worked incredibly hard to bring the Company and its investment to its present strong position. We continue 
to deliver on identifying opportunities in line with our investment strategy, and we believe the concentration 
of  risk  across  a  few  key  assets  and  commodities  will  bear  fruit.  Our  investments  have  some  downside 
protection, optionality and exposure to potentially significant upside. 

We look forward to continuing to actively assess investment opportunities as well as managing them actively 
and diligently. 

Kiran Morzaria 
Chief Executive Officer, 29 June 2021 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW 

As outlined in the section “Our Business and Investment Strategy,” Cadence operates an investment strategy 
in which we invest in private projects via a private equity model and in public equity. In both investment 
classes, we take either an active or passive role. We have reported in these segments below.  

The Amapa Iron Ore Project, Brazil 
Private Investments (Active) 

The Amapa Project is a large-scale iron open pit ore mine with associated rail, port and beneficiation facilities 
that  commenced  operations  in  December  2007.  Production  increased  to  4.8  Mt  and  6.1  Mt  of  iron  ore 
concentrate product in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Before its sale in 2012, Anglo American valued its 70% 
stake in the Amapa Project at US$462m ( 100% US $600m). 

In 2019 Cadence entered into a binding investment agreement to invest in and acquire up to 27% in the 
Amapa iron ore mine, beneficiation plant, railway and private port owned by DEV (“The Agreement”). The 
Agreement also gave Cadence a first right of refusal to increase its stake to 49%.  

To acquire its 27% interest, Cadence will invest US$6 million over two stages in a joint venture company. The 
first stage is for 20% of the JV, the consideration for which is US$2.5 million. The second stage of investment 
is for a further 7% of JV for a consideration of US$3.5 million. The investments are wholly contingent on DEV 
delivering several key preconditions.  

During the year, the key driver for the Company was to satisfy the remaining major precondition for Cadence 
to make its investment in the Amapa Project (the monies of which are currently held in escrow in a judicial 
trust account). This precondition requires DEV and the investors (Cadence and Indo Sino via our joint venture 
company) to reach a settlement agreement with the secured bank creditors. During the year, we spent our 
time negotiating with secured bank creditors. This process was frustrating, given that we have been dealing 
with four banks  across  five  different time  zones  and three  different  business  cultures  and various internal 
approvals. This was further complicated that during the process, two of the banks underwent a merger and 
changed personnel and processes. Nonetheless, all parties reached an agreement in principle in late 2020. 

Subsequent to this date, the internal process of approval within two of the secured lenders in India was further 
delayed due to an increase in infections of the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant. Nonetheless, we are highly confident 
that we will be able to execute a settlement agreement, as, at the time of writing, we understand the secured 
creditors have had either credit committee approval or are awaiting it, and the final settlement agreement 
has been circulated and is with the respective legal teams for review. Once this precondition has been met, 
Cadence will release its monies held in escrow, at which point Cadence will become a 20% shareholder in the 
Amapa Project via our joint venture company which will own 99.9% of DEV. 

Subsequent to the year-end and while negotiations with the secured bank creditors were ongoing, DEV was 
permitted by the Commercial Court of São Paulo to commence shipment of the iron ore stockpiles situated at 
DEV's wholly-owned port in Santana, Amapa, Brazil.  

DEV is permitted to export sufficient iron ore to realise a US$10 million profit from the Amapa stockpiles at 
the port (after the deductions of all logistical, regulatory, shipping and sale costs). 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

The first portion of the net revenues will be used to pay historic small and employee creditors. R$7.5 million 
was paid from the first shipment, after which approximately US$ 6 million of the net revenues will be used 
to begin  recommissioning  studies on  the  Amapa  Project  and  to  start  maintenance  and  monitoring  of  the 
current  tailing  dam  facilities.  The  remaining  net  revenues  will  be  used  to  provide  working  capital  for  the 
operations and for payment against the outstanding amount due to the Bank Creditors. 

As of the end of June 2021, DEV had shipped three of the estimated four shipments of 58% iron ore required 
to net a US$ 10 million profit. DEV is also contracted to carry out logistical and shipping activities for third 
parties who have stockpiles held at DEV’s port. 

On an operational basis during the year, Cadence commissioned an updated mineral resource estimate of the 
Amapa Project.  This  resulted  in  a  mineral  resource  of  176.7 million tonnes  ("Mt")  grading 39.7%  Fe  in  the 
Indicated category and a mineral resource of 8.7Mt at 36.9% in the Inferred category. Both were reported 
within an optimised pit shell and using a cut-off grade of 25% Fe. 

This mineral resource represents a 21% increase in total mineral resources compared to the equivalent mineral 
resource estimate published by Anglo American 2012. The mineral resource estimate forms the basis of the 
mine planning studies, which are ongoing, supporting the operational plan to produce 4.4Mt of 65% Fe and 
0.3 Mt of 62% Fe per annum. The mineral resource work will form part of a pre-feasibility study.  

Work on the pre-feasibility study has started, consultants have been engaged to commence the engineering 
and conditioning studies on the plant and railway, and in addition, we are in the process of commissioning 
engineering studies on the tailings damns and the port. We had originally envisaged publishing a scoping study 
and  then  progressing  to  a  pre-feasibility  study.  However,  given  the  delays  we  have  seen  in  finalising  the 
settlement, the secured bank creditors, DEV, Cadence and Indo Sino, have agreed to progress straight to pre-
feasibility level studies. This will shorten the overall development timeline, save capital and provide a more 
accurate estimate of capital and operational costs (25%-30% as opposed to 45%-50%).  

General low-level maintenance is ongoing, and the mine site, tailings dam and port and we are continuing to 
liaise with the relevant regulatory authorities to obtain the necessary licenses to operate. 

The Amapa Project’s Current Development Plan 

As part of its due diligence and assessment, Cadence has carried out multiple site visits and commissioned 
SRK Consulting to provide it with a high-level review of the Amapa Project. This review was based on a site 
visit, historical analysis and the review of technical independent engineers reports published in 2013 and 
2015. It should be noted that this review provides a basis for a preliminary assessment of the project and 
its potential, but further, more detailed reviews and analysis would be required to provide a Pre-Feasibility 
or  Feasibility  Study  level  report.  This  would  include,  amongst  other  things,  providing  a  current  Mineral 
Resource  Estimate  and/or  Ore  Reserves,  updated  capital  and  operating  costs  and  an  independent 
assessment of key economic drivers and returns. 

The Amapa Project consists of  an open-pit iron ore mine, railway and port facility and is located in Amapa 
State, northeast Brazil. The Amapa mine site, forming part of the Amapa Project, is located near the towns of 
Pedra Branca do Amapari and Serra do Navio, approximately 200km northwest of Macapa. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

The redevelopment programme will broadly follow the stages outlined below: 

1.  Recommissioning Studies  -  DEV has started the relevant  resource  and engineering studies required for 

banking project finance. 

2.  Reinvestment of Iron Ore Stockpile Sales. 

a.  DEV is currently shipping the stockpile under the courts' approval, outlined previously, and once an 
executed agreement with the secured creditors is completed DEV, will continue to ship this material. 
It is anticipated that it will take up to 2 years to ship.  

b.  An independent survey of these stockpiles carried out post the year-end indicates some 1.39 Mt (+/- 

10%) of iron ore in three stockpiles with an average Fe grade of 58%. 

c.  These funds will be reinvested in the capital development of the Amapa Project; however, they could 

also be used in part as part of a settlement package with the Bank Creditors. 

3.  Capital Investment  

a.  DEV’s estimate of capital costs, which are based on 2013 engineering studies, is anticipated to be a 
total of US$168 million. This sum includes all the capital investment required to bring the mine, rail 
and port into full production. This will be updated as part of the pre-feasibility studies and is expected 
to increase due to the underlying inflation we are currently seeing in the steel markets. 

b.  The  above  capital  investment  will  occur  after  the  completion  of  the  recommissioning  studies  and 

raising additional capital. 

c.  The  reconstruction  is  estimated  to  take  approximately  18-24  months  after  the  completion  of  the 

recommissioning studies. 

4.  Operations 

a.  The ore is planned to be beneficiated to a 65% Fe Pellet Feed and 62% Fe Spiral Concentrate 
b.  Based on available historic mine plans and an independent consultant review, it is expected that at 
full production, the Amapa Project has a mine life of 14 years and at full capacity is targeting to produce 
up to 5.3 Mt of Iron Ore per annum 

Lithium Technologies Pty Ltd & Lithium Suppliers Pty Ltd (“LT” & “LS) 
Private Investments (Active) 

In  December  2017,  Cadence  Minerals  announced  that  it  had  executed  binding  investment  agreements  to 
acquire up to 100% of six prospective hard rock lithium assets in Argentina via LT & LS, which was subsequently 
varied  to  acquire  three  prospective  assets  in  Australia  that  are  in  regions  with  proven  high-grade  lithium 
mineralisation. The acquisition covered three projects - Picasso (Western Australia - WA), Litchfield (Northern 
Territories - NT) and Alcoota (NT), all of which are in regions with proven lithium mineralisation and supportive 
mining infrastructure. 

As of the date of this document, Cadence owns 25.875% of LT & LS and consequently of the Australian and 
Argentinian lithium prospects. 

During the year, our joint venture partners maintained the licenses but carried out no further work on these 
areas. This is because Cadence believes that our capital and time should be focused on our investment in the 
Amapa Project, which is of a lower risk profile than LT and LS investment. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

Sonora Lithium Project, Mexico 
Private Investments (Passive) 

Cadence holds an interest in the Sonora Lithium Project via a 30% stake in the joint venture interests in each 
of Mexalit S.A. de CV ("Mexalit") and Megalit S.A. de CV ("Megalit"). 

Mexalit  forms  part of  the  Sonora  Lithium Project.  The  remainder  of  Mexalit  and  Sonora  Lithium  Project  is 
owned by Bacanora Lithium Plc (“Bacanora”), which is a London-listed lithium asset developer and explorer.  

The  Sonora  Lithium  Project  consists  of  ten  contiguous  concessions  covering  97,389  hectares.  Two  of  the 
concessions (La Ventana, La Ventana 1) are owned 100% by Bacanora through its wholly-owned subsidiary 
Minera Sonora Borax S.A de C.V. (“MSB”). El Sauz, El Sauz 1, El Sauz 2, Fleur and Fleur 1 concessions are owned 
by Mexilit S.A. de C.V. (“Mexilit”), which is owned 70% by Bacanora and 30% by Cadence. 

The Sonora Project holds one of the world’s larger lithium resources and benefits from being both high grade 
and scalable. The polylithionite mineralisation is hosted within shallow dipping sequences, outcropping on the 
surface.  A Mineral Resource estimate was prepared by SRK Consulting (UK) Limited (‘SRK’) in accordance with 
NI  43-101.  The  following  tables  present  the  summary  of  current  lithium  resources  for  the  Project  and the 
attributable amounts to Cadence; these Mineral Resources are inclusive of Mineral Reserves: 

MINERAL RESERVES (Cut-off grade of 1,500 ppm Li) 

Category 
Proven 
Probable 
Total 

Tonnes Ore (000t) 
80,146 
163,662 
243,808 

Li (ppm) 
3,905 
3,271 
3,480 

K (%) 
1.64 
1.36 
1.45 

LCE (000t) 
1,666 
2,849 
4,515 

LCE attributable to Cadence (000t) 
116 
723 
839 

MEASURED AND INDICATED MINERAL RESOURCES (Cut-off grade of 1,000 ppm) 

Category 
Measured 
Indicated 
Total 

Tonnes (000t) 
103,000 
188,000 
291,000 

Li (ppm) 
3,480 
3,120 
3,250 

K (%) 
1.5 
1.3 
1.4 

LCE (000t) 
1,910 
3,130 
5,038 

LCE attributable to Cadence (000t) 
134 
785 
919 

INFERRED MINERAL RESOURCES (Cut-off grade of 1,000 ppm) 

Category 
Inferred 

Tonnes (000t) 
268,000 

Li (ppm) 
2,650 

K (%) 
1.2 

LCE (000t) 
3,779 

LCE attributable to Cadence (000t) 
559 

A  feasibility  study  report  was  published  in  January  2018,  which  confirmed  the  positive  economics  and 
favourable  operating  costs  of  a  35,000  tonnes  per  annum  battery-grade  lithium  carbonate  operation.  The 
feasibility study report estimates a pre-tax project net present value of US$1.253 billion at an 8% discount rate 
and an Internal Rate of Return of 26.1%, and Life of Mine operating costs of US$3,910/t of lithium carbonate. 
It should be noted that under the published feasibility study, the concession owned by Mexalit will be mined 
starting in year 9 of the mine plan cease at the end of the mine life in year 19, and as such, assuming Cadence 
retains its position, any net realisable economic benefit to Cadence would only accrue at this time. 

The full report can be found here: https://www.bacanoralithium.com/pdfs/Bacanora-FS-Technical-Report-25-
01-2018.pdf 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

Summary of Activities  
During the year, Bacanora completed a 50% share of the funding requirements of the Sonora Lithium Project; 
this was via equity raises through the public markets and its cornerstone investor Gangfeng Lithium CO., Ltd 
(“Gangfeng”).  Gangfeng  also  increased  its  direct  project  stake  in  Bacanora’s  stake  of  the  Sonora  Lithium 
Project. This dilution has had no effect on the Company’s 30% stake in Mexalit. 

Subsequent to the year-end, Bacanora entered into an agreement dated 6 May 2021 regarding the terms of a 
possible cash offer by Ganfeng for the entire issued and to be issued share capital of Bacanora other than that 
which it already owns, at a price of 67.5p per Bacanora share. 

Although this does not directly affect the terms of our Joint Venture, should the cash offer be successful, our 
partner in Mexalit will be Gangfeng. This is highly encouraging for the development of the project, given that 
Gangfengs involvement in the development of the project to date and their extensive experience in the lithium 
market holding company is the world's third-largest and China's largest lithium compounds producer and the 
world's  largest  lithium  metals  producer  in  terms  of  production  capacity.   Its  operations  are  vertically 
integrated,  encompassing  all  critical  stages  of  the  value  chain,  including  upstream  lithium  extraction, 
midstream lithium compounds and metals processing, as well as downstream lithium battery production and 
recycling.  

Whilst COVID-19 has impacted the Bacanora’s and its partners, work to complete the front-end engineering 
design (“FEED”) has continued throughout the period, with GR Engineering Services (“GRES”) completing the 
front-end concentrator and mechanical engineering and Ganfeng completing its flow sheet design testwork 
for the production of battery-grade lithium from the samples provided by the pilot plant. Ganfeng is continuing 
to integrate its flow sheet for the production of battery-grade lithium into the overall large scale design and 
remains on schedule to deliver its final engineering packages to Bacanora in Q2 2021. Ganfeng continues to 
work  with  its  equipment  suppliers  to  determine  equipment  delivery  times  to  align  with  a  target  of  first 
production in 2023. 

In Q1 2021, the Company commenced initial site activities for the development of the Sonora Project. Initial 
works  involve  the  rescue  and  removal  of  surface  vegetation  and  topsoil  in  the  area  required  for  the 
construction of the lithium processing plant. The Sonora construction team also commenced preparatory work 
to  upgrade  the  main  access  road  to  the  site  in  preparation  for  providing  access  for  heavy  equipment  for 
commencing bulk site earthworks later in the year. 

Yangibana Project, Australia 
Private Investments (Passive) 

The Yangibana Project (the Project) is a significant Australian Rare Earths Project, containing substantial 
Neodymium and Praseodymium resources. The Project currently covers approximately 650 square 
kilometres. The Project is located in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia, some 250 kilometres 
northeast of Carnarvon. 

Cadence holds interests in tenements covering some of the prospective Gifford Creek Ferrocarbonatite 
Complex. Through wholly-owned subsidiaries, Cadence holds: 

•  30% interest in 3 Mining Leases, 6 Exploration Licences, and 2 General Purpose Leases; 
•  3 Mining Licenses Include:M09/159,M09/161,M09/163; 
•  6 Exploration Licenses Included: E09/1043, E09/1049, E09/1703, E09/1704, E09/1705, E09/1706; 
•  2 General Purpose Leases: G09/11, G09/13. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

The tenements in which Cadence holds a 30% interest are in joint-venture with Australian listed Hastings 
Technology Metals (“Hastings”), and Hastings carries all costs up to the decision to commission a bankable 
feasibility study. 

Summary of Activities  
During the year, Hastings updated their mineral resources and ore reserve estimate (JORC 2012); the result 
that affects our joint venture area are reported below: 

Yangibana M09/163 (JV Tenement 30% of Total to Cadence) 

Category 
Indicated 
Inferred 
TOTAL 

Million Tonnes 
0.11 
0.05 
0.16 

%TREO 

0.78 
0.85 
0.80 

% Nd2O3+Pr6O11 
0.39 
0.42 
0.40 

Yangibana North M09/159 (JV Tenement 30% of Total to Cadence) 

Category 
Measured 
Indicated 
Inferred 
TOTAL 

Million Tonnes 
0.29 
1.66 
0.60 
2.55 

%TREO 
1.35 
1.43 
1.43 
1.42 

% Nd2O3+Pr6O11 
0.35 
0.37 
0.37 
0.37 

Probable ore reserves within JV tenements 30% of Total to Cadence 

Deposit 

Yangibana 
Yangibana North 
TOTAL 

Million 
Tonnes 
0.10 
1.76 
1.86 

%TREO 

0.78 
1.39 
1.36 

%Nd2O3+P
r6O11 
0.39 
0.37 
0.37 

Nd2O3+Pr6O1
1 as % of TREO 
50 
26 
28 

Hastings  also  reported  in  June  an  update  to  their  economic  model  a  reported  the  following  financial 
evaluation  results:  No  costs  or  revenue  ascribed  to  the  30%  interest  in  the  deposits  held  by  Mojito 
Resources are reported in the financial modelling. 

Operating Life 

Net Present Value (NPV) 

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 
Payback Period 

13.0 years 

A$549 million 

21.1% 
3.4 years 

The economic model assumes Cadence will participate in the development and mining of the deposits held 
70% by Hastings in a joint venture with our subsidiary Mojito Resources (30%) under the 'Yangibana Joint 
Venture Agreement'. As set out in the “Probable ore reserves table” above, the specific deposits to which the 
joint venture applies are Yangibana and Yangibana North.  

Assuming there is a development of the mine by the joint venture, not only will there need to be a Mining 
Joint Venture Agreement agreed and put in place to replace the existing joint venture documentation and 
regulate the arrangements between the participants for the mine development, but arrangements will also 
need to be established to determine how the Yangibana production and tenements (the subject of the joint 
venture) fit with the broader 100% Hastings group-owned production and tenements.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

European Metals Holdings Limited (“European Metals”) 
Public Equity (Active) 

Cadence has held an investment in European Metals since June 2015. As of year-end, Cadence held 12.97% in 
the Cinovec deposit in the Czech Republic through a direct holding in the share capital of European Metals 
that owns 100% of the exploration rights to the Cinovec lithium/tin deposit. 

Cinovec  hosts  a  globally  significant  hard  rock  lithium  deposit  with  a  total  Indicated  Mineral  Resource  of 
372.4Mt at 0.45% Li2O and 0.04% Sn and an Inferred Mineral Resource of 323.5Mt at 0.39% Li2O and 0.04% 
Sn  containing  a  combined  7.18  million  tonnes  Lithium  Carbonate  Equivalent  and  263kt  of  tin  reported  28 
November 2017. An initial Probable Ore Reserve of 34.5Mt at 0.65% Li2O and 0.09% Sn reported 4 July 2017 
had been declared to cover the first 20 years mining at an output of 22,500tpa of lithium carbonate reported 
11 July 2018. 

Our  exposure  in  our  equity  portfolio  is  heavily  concentrated  in  European  Metals,  and  therefore  given  
European  Metals  volatility  means  Cadence  is  exposed  to  significant  risk;  as  such  and  given  the  significant 
returns  from  European  Metals  we  saw  in  2020,  we  reduced  our  exposure  from  circa  19%  to  12.97%. 
Subsequent to the year-end, we further reduced our stake in European Metals to 9.99% as of 28 May 2021. 

As of 25 June 2021, the total return on this investment is 400%. The realised return is 204%, and the unrealised 
return is 527%. 

Summary of Activities  
The Project has been significantly de-risked and, at the time of this report, is moving towards a final investment 
decision. The year was marked primarily by the completion of an agreement with CEZ a.s., the Czech national 
power  utility,  by  which  CEZ  became  a  51%  shareholder  of  the  Project  Company,  Geomet  and  injected 
approximately EUR 29 million into the Project.  

This agreement not only provides all necessary funding to move the Project to the final investment decision, 
but it also provides strong business and management support within the Czech Republic. CEZ is an established, 
integrated energy group with operations in a number of Central and Southeastern European countries and 
Turkey. CEZ’s core business is the generation, distribution, trade-in, and sales of electricity and heat, trade-in 
and sales of natural gas and coal extraction.  

The automotive industry in Czech is a significant contributor to GDP, and the number of EV’s in the country is 
expected  to  grow  significantly  in  coming  years.  In  addition  to  the  partnership  with  CEZ,  European  Metals 
announced, post balance date, a partnership agreement with EIT InnoEnergy - a European Union body that is 
the principal facilitator and organiser of the European Battery Alliance (EBA). The EBA was initiated by the 
European  Commission  to  create  a  competitive  and  sustainable  battery  cell  manufacturing  value  chain  in 
Europe. 

The purpose of the partnership agreement with EIT InnoEnergy is to facilitate the accelerated construction 
financing and ultimate commercialisation of Cinovec. This will be achieved through assistance in the sourcing 
of construction finance, grant funding, and offtake introductions and negotiations.  

The deposit is uniquely located, being in the centre of the Czech and European car industry and proximal to a 
large  number  of  new  and  planned  battery  factories.  Europe  has  recently  overtaken  China  as  the  largest 
producer of Electric Vehicles globally, and the EC has released an action plan on critical raw materials to ensure 
a more secure and sustainable supply. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

INVESTMENT REVIEW (CONTINUED) 

The  Project  Company  appointed  SMS  group,  a  German-based  world-leading  engineering  firm,  as  the  lead 
engineer for the minerals processing and lithium battery-grade chemicals production at Cinovec. This marks 
the  beginning  of  the  formal  Front-End  Engineering  Design  study  as  the  major  component  of  the  ongoing 
Definitive Feasibility Study. This detailed engineering contract, along with advances in permitting and offtake 
discussions, moves us closer to the development of Europe’s largest hard rock lithium resource for the benefit 
of all stakeholders. 

Trading Portfolio 
Public Equity (Passive) 

Cadence’s passive investments are typically direct purchases of listed mining equities but may include other 
investment  structures. The  aim  is  to  make capital  gains  in  the  short  to  medium  term.  Investments  are 
considered individually based on a variety of criteria. Investments are typically traded on the TSX, ASX, AIM or 
LSE. 

During  the  year,  we  reduced  our  exposure  to  Macarthur  Minerals  Limited  (“Macarthur”)  from  7.1%  to 
approximately 1%. We reduced our exposure to Macarthur as we believe that we can deliver more value to 
our shareholders by investing the Amapa Project, which is in the same commodity, and we have an active 
stake in the development of the asset. The realised loss on disposal was £190,000.  

Macarthur is an iron ore development, gold and lithium exploration company and is listed on the TSX Venture 
Exchange  (TSX-V:  MMS)  and  Australian  Stock  Exchange  (ASX:  MIO).  Macarthur  is  focused  on  bringing  to 
production it's 100% owned Western Australia iron ore projects. The Lake Giles Iron Project includes the 80 
million tonne Ularring hematite resource (approved for development) and the 710 million tonne Moonshine 
magnetite  resource.  Macarthur  has  secured  a  binding  Life-of-Mine  Off-Take  Agreement  with  Glencore 
International  A.G.  and  is  focused  on  commercialising  its  iron  ore  projects  utilising  mining,  processing  and 
logistics infrastructure in the region and is progressing towards completing a bankable feasibility study. 

In  addition  to  Macarthur,  during  the  year,  we  disposed  of  our  stake  in  Rarex  Limited  (formerly  Clancy 
Resources), realising a loss of £22,000. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

FINANCIAL REVIEW 

Total  comprehensive  profit  for  the  year  attributable  to  equity  holders was  £7.82m  (2019  restated:  loss of 
£1.94m). This increase in profitability from the previous year of approximately £9.76m is due to the movement 
in  realised  and  unrealised  profits  and  losses  of  approximately  £10.32m  relating  to  our  share  investment 
portfolio (available for resale assets) held during the period. Administrative expenses were down £0.41m from 
£1.85m to £1.44m, but foreign exchange losses were up £0.71m from £0.12m to £0.82m. 

Diluted profit per share was 6.609p (2019: loss of 2.382p). 

The net assets of the Group at the end of the period was £22.09 million (2019: £10.99 million). This increase 
of approximately £11.1m reflects the profits and shares issued in the year. 

Restatement of Accounts 
Cadence Minerals Plc is an investment entity, and its interests are held exclusively with a view to subsequent 
resale. Historically the Company adopted a consolidation policy that didn’t reflect the nature, purpose and 
cashflows of the entity. This policy has been amended, and the prior years have been restated in recognition 
of the change in accounting policy in line with IAS 8. Further details are disclosed in Note 20. 

All investments have been reclassified as Financial Assets held at Fair Value through Profit and Loss (“FVPTL”).  

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 

Cadence continuously monitors its risk exposures and reports its review to The Board. The Board reviews these 
risks and focuses on ensuring effective systems of internal financial and non-financial controls are in place and 
maintained. 

The main business risk is considered to be investment risk.  

The Company faces external risks that can materially impact or influence the investment environment within 
which the Company operates and can include changes in commodity prices, and the numerous factors which 
can influence those changes, including economic recession and investor sentiment and including the current 
and potential effects of the coronavirus pandemic.  

Commodity prices have an impact on the investment performance and prospects of all our investments. The 
extent of the impact varies depending on a wide variety of factors but depend largely by where the investment 
sits on the mineral development curve. The majority of Cadences investments sit at the more advanced stage 
of the development curve. Commodity price risk is pervasive at all stages of the development curve, but other 
prominent risks such as exploration risk and technical and funding risks at the exploration/development stage, 
may be considered to be weighted higher earlier in the curve than pure commodity risk which tends to have 
a greater impact on producers. 

The Company’s investments are located in jurisdictions other than the UK and therefore carries with it country 
risk,  regulatory/permitting  risk,  political  risk  and  environmental  risk.  Our  investments  can  be  at  different 
stages of development and each stage within the mining exploration and development cycle can carry its own 
risks.  

Where possible Cadence seek to mitigate these risks by structuring its investments in a format which the Board 
can influence, obtain high level oversight (often at board level) and use legal agreements to provide control 
mechanisms (often negative control) to protect the Company’s investments. In addition, we seek to further 
mitigate  our  risk  exposure  by  obtaining  a  deep  fundamental  understanding  of  an  asset,  its  potential 
economics, operating and legal environment and its management team, prior to investment. 

It should be noted that because the Company does not operate its project investments on a day-to-day basis 
there is a risk that the operator does not meet deadlines or budgets, fails to propose or pursue the appropriate 
strategy,  does  not  adhere  to  the  legal  agreements  in  place  or  does  not  provide  accurate  or  sufficient 
information to Cadence.  

The  Equity  Investment  segment  of  the  Company’s  investments  is  exposed  to  price  risk within  the market, 
interest  rate  changes,  liquidity  risk  and  volatility.  Although  the  investment  risk  within  the  portfolio  is 
dependent  on  many  factors,  the  Group’s  principal  investments  at  the  year-end  are  in  companies  with 
significant  iron  ore  and  lithium  assets  and,  to  some  extent,  dependent  on  the  market’s  view  of  these 
commodities or chemicals and/or the market’s view of the management of the companies in managing those 
assets.  As with our  private  investment,  the  Board  seeks  to mitigate  this  by obtaining  a  deep  fundamental 
understanding  of  an  asset,  its  potential  economics,  operating  and  legal  environment  and  its  management 
team, prior to investment. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (CONTINUED) 

All countries carry political risk that can lead to interruption of activity. Politically stable countries can have 
enhanced  environmental  and  social  risks,  risks  of strikes  and  changes  to  taxation, whereas  less  developed 
countries  can  have,  in  addition,  risks  associated  with  changes  to  the  legal  framework,  civil  unrest  and 
government expropriation of assets. The Company has working knowledge of the countries in which the joint 
venture holds exploration licences and its local joint venture partner has  experienced local operators to assist 
the Company in its management of its investment in order to help reduce possible political risk. 

15 

 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

DIRECTORS’ SECTION 172 STATEMENT  

The  following  disclosure  describes  how  the  Directors  have  had  regard  to  the  matters  set  out  in  section 
172(1)(a) to (f) and forms the Directors’ statement required under section 414CZA of The Companies Act 2006. 
This  new  reporting  requirement  is  made  in  accordance  with  the  new  corporate  governance  requirements 
identified in The Companies (Miscellaneous Reporting) Regulations 2018, which apply to company reporting 
on financial years starting on or after 1 January 2019.  

The matters set out in section 172(1) (a) to (f) are that a Director must act in the way they consider, in good 
faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its members as a whole, 
and in doing so have regard (amongst other matters) to: 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

the likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term; 
the interests of the Company’s employees; 
the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers/customers and others; 
the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment; 
the Company’s reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 
the need to act fairly between members of the Company 

As set out above in the Strategic Report the Board remains focused on providing for shareholders through the 
long term success of the Company. The means by which this is achieved is set out further below. 

Likely consequences of any decisions in the long-term;  
The Chairman’s Statement, the Chief Executive Officer’s Commentary and the Strategic Review set out the 
Company’s strategy. In applying this strategy, particularly in seeking new Project Investments and strategic 
holdings in other public companies the Board assesses the long term future of those companies with a view 
to shareholder return. The approach to general strategy and risk management strategy of the group is set out 
in the Statement of Compliance with the Quoted Companies Alliance (“QCA”) Corporate Governance Code 
(the “QCA Code”) (Principles 1 and 4) on pages 22-23. 

Interest of Employees;  
The Group has a very limited number of employees and all have direct access to the Executive Directors on a 
daily basis and to the Chairman, if necessary. The Group has a formal Employees’ Policy manual which includes 
process for confidential report and whistleblowing. 

Need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers/customers and others;  
The nature of the Group’s business is such that the majority of its business relationships are with joint venture 
partners, the boards of directors of the companies in which the Group has strategic stakes to the extent that 
such  relationships  are  permitted,  and  with  suppliers  for  services.  As  the  success  of  the  business  primarily 
depends on its relationship with its partners and investees, the Executive Directors manage these relationships 
on  a  day-to-day  basis.  Where  possible,  the  Group  will  take  a  board,  or  similar  appointment,  in  strategic 
investees to ensure that there is a close and successful ongoing dialog between the parties. Service providers 
are paid within their payment terms and the Group aims to keep payment periods under 30 days wherever 
practical. 

Impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment;  
The Group takes its responsibility within the community and wider environment seriously. Its approach to its 
social responsibilities is set out in the Statement of Compliance with the QCA Code (Principle 3) on page 23. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STRATEGIC REPORT 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

DIRECTORS’ SECTION 172 STATEMENT (CONTINED) 

The desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; 
The Directors are committed to high standards of business conduct and governance and have adopted the 
QCA Code which is set out on pages 22 to 29. Where there is a need to seek advice on particular issues, the 
Board will consult with its lawyers and nominated advisors to ensure that its reputation for good business 
conduct is maintained. 

The need to act fairly between members of the Company; 
The  Board’s  approach  to  shareholder  communication  is  set  out  in  the  Statement  of  Compliance  with  the 
(Principle 2) on page 22. The Company aims to keep shareholders fully informed of significant developments 
in  the  Group’s  progress.  Information  is  disseminated  through  Stock  Exchange  announcements,  website 
updates and, where appropriate video/web casts. During 2020 the Company issued various RNS and videos to 
update shareholders. All information is made available to all shareholders at the same time and no individual 
shareholder, or group of shareholders, is given preferential treatment 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
The Directors present their annual report together with the audited financial statements of the Company for 
the Year Ended 31 December 2020. 

Principal activity 
The principal activity of the Company is that of holding assets involved in the identification, investment and 
development of mineral resources. 

Domicile and principal place of business 
Cadence Minerals plc is domiciled in the United Kingdom, which is also its principal place of business. 

Business review and Future Development 
The results of the Company are shown on page 39. 

Results  and  Dividends  The  Directors  do  not  recommend  the  payment  of  a  dividend.  A  review  of  the 
performance of the Company and its future prospects is included in the Strategic Report on pages 1 to 17. 

Key Performance Indicators 
Due to the current status of the Company, the Board has not identified any performance  indicators as key 
other  than  cash  management  and  the  carrying  value  of  investments.  Having  sufficient  cash  for  business 
operations is vital and must be managed accordingly. The Directors review and manage the Group’s cash flow 
on a monthly basis. The financial strategy is to ensure that, wherever possible, there are sufficient funds to 
cover corporate overheads and exploration expenditure for as long a period as possible.  Management has 
confidence that financing of the Company can continue as and when required, albeit the board is keen to avoid 
excessive dilution and will manage the financing process with that objective in mind.  Further details on the 
investments are included in the Chairman’s statement. 

Furthermore, the Company has ensured that where possible it has built operational flexibility in its corporate 
and  exploration  expenditure  to  be  paused  should  the  financing  environment  prove  difficult  and  cash 
preservation prove essential  

Principal risks and uncertainties 
The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Company involve are specified on pages 14 to 15. 

Financial risk management objectives and policies 
The Company’s principal financial instruments are available for sale assets, trade receivables, trade payables, 
loans and cash at bank. The main purpose of these financial instruments are to fund the Company's operations.  

It  is,  and  has  been  throughout  the  period  under  review,  the  Company’s  policy  that  no  trading  in  financial 
instruments shall be undertaken. The main risks arising from the Company’s financial instruments are liquidity 
risk and interest rate risk. The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks and they are 
summarised below. 

Liquidity risk 
The Company's objective is to maintain a balance between continuity of funding and flexibility through the 
use of equity and its cash resources.  Further details of this are provided in the principal accounting policies, 
headed 'going concern' and note 15 to the financial statements. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Interest rate risk 
The Company only has borrowings at fixed coupon rates and therefore minimal interest rate risk, as this is 
deemed its only material exposure thereto. The Company seeks the highest rate of interest receivable on its 
cash deposits whilst minimising risk. 

Market risk 
The Company is subject to market risk in relation to its investments in listed Companies held as available for 
sale assets. 

Directors 
The membership of the Board is set out below.  All directors served throughout the period unless otherwise 
stated. 

Andrew Suckling  
Kiran Morzaria 
Donald Strang 
Adrian Fairbourn 

Substantial shareholdings 
Interests in excess of 3% of the issued share capital of the Company which had been notified as at 31 
December 2020 were as follows: 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:15942 
Barclays Direct Investing Nominees Limited Des:CLIENT1 
JIM Nominees Limited Des:JARVIS 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited Des:SMKTISAS 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:VRA 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited Des:SMKTNOMS 
Forest Nominees Limited Des:DIVWAIV 
HSDL Nominees Limited Des:MAXI 
Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited Des:HLNOM 
HSBC Global Custody Nominee (UK) Limited Des:941346 

Ordinary shares 
held Number 
14,918,452 
11,934,976 
9,835,675 
9,252,265 
8,578,606 
8,243,988 
7,020,000 
6,682,881 
6,339,761 
4,812,417 

Percentage of 
capital % 
10.08% 
8.07% 
6.65% 
6.25% 
5.80% 
5.57% 
4.74% 
4.52% 
4.29% 
3.25% 

Payment to suppliers 
It is the Company's policy to agree  appropriate  terms and conditions for its  transactions with suppliers by 
means ranging from standard terms and conditions to individually negotiated contracts and to pay suppliers 
according to agreed terms and conditions, provided that the supplier meets those terms and conditions.  The 
Company does not have a standard or code dealing specifically with the payment of suppliers. 

Trade payables at the year end all relate to sundry administrative overheads and disclosure of the number of 
days purchases represented by year end payables is therefore not meaningful. 

Events after the Reporting Period 
Events after the Reporting Period are outlined in Note 18 to the Financial Statements. 

Going concern 
The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period ending 30 June 2022 which take account of the 
current cost and operational structure of the Company.  

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

The cost structure of the Company comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and therefore in the 
event that cash flows become constrained, costs can be quickly reduced to enable the Company to operate 
within its available funding. 

These forecasts demonstrate that the Company has sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue in 
business  for  a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements.  
Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

In the current business climate, the Board acknowledges the COVID-19 pandemic risk and continues to monitor 
the need to implement any changes to underpin the Group’s resilience to COVID-19, with the key focus being 
on protecting all personnel, minimising the impact on critical workstreams and ensuring business continuity. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law 
the  Directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  Company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union  (IFRSs).  Under company law the Directors 
must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the 
state of affairs and profit or loss of the Company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the 
Directors are required to: 

-  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 
-  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
-  state  whether  applicable  IFRSs  have  been  followed,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and 

explained in the financial statements;  

-  prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 

Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the 
Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They 
are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.   

In so far as each of the Directors are aware: 
•  there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware; and 
•  the Directors have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant 

audit information and to establish that the auditors are aware of that information. 

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information 
included  on  the  Company's  website.  Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.   

Auditors 

Chapman Davis LLP resigned as auditors and PKF Littlejohn LLP were appointed in their place. PKF Littlejohn 
LLP offer themselves for re-appointment as auditor in accordance with Section 489 of the Companies Act 2006. 

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD 

Kiran Morzaria 
Chief Executive Officer, 29 June 2021 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
Introduction to Governance  

The Directors recognise that good corporate governance is a key foundation for the long-term success of the 
Company. As the Company is listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange and is subject to the 
continuing  requirements  of  the  AIM  Rules.  The  Board  has  therefore  adopted  the  principles  set  out  in  the 
Corporate Governance Code for small and midsized companies published by the Quoted Companies Alliance 
(“QCA Code”). The principles are listed below. 

While building a strong governance framework, we also try to ensure that we take a proportionate approach 
and that our processes remain fit for purpose as well as embedded within the culture of our organisation. We 
continue  to  evolve  our  approach  and  make  ongoing  improvements  as  part  of  building  a  successful  and 
sustainable company. 

1.  Establish a strategy and business model which promote long-term value for shareholders 
Our strategy is to identify undervalued assets with irreplaceable strategic advantages that will deliver capital 
growth to our shareholders. We invest in these assets and where required help deliver capital growth. To meet 
long-term  demand,  we  believe  the  metals  and  mining  sectors  require  focused  investment  capital  from 
knowledgeable  investors  that  understand  the  substantial  risk  of  the  mineral  resource  sector  and  how  to 
mitigate these risks to maximise potential returns for our investors. 

A more detailed description of its Strategy and Business Model is available on page 1. Details on the principal 
risks and uncertainties which the Company faces are specified on pages 14 to 15. The Company seeks to share 
this vision and details of the implementation of its strategy through internal dialogue with employees as well 
as external communications by way of public announcements and dissemination of information through this 
website and the annual report and accounts 

2.  Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 
The Board is committed to maintaining an open dialogue with shareholders. Communication with The Board 
is  committed  to  maintaining  an  open  dialogue  with  shareholders.  Communication  with  shareholders  is 
coordinated  by  the  CEO.  Cadence  encourages  two-way  communication  with  institutional  and  private 
investors. The Company’s major  shareholders maintain  an  active  dialogue  and  ensure  that  their  views  are 
communicated fully to the Board. Where voting decisions are not in line with the Company’s expectations the 
Board will engage with those shareholders to understand and address any issues. The Company Secretary is 
the main point of contact for such matters. 

The  Company  seeks  out  appropriate  platforms  to  communicate  to  a  broad  audience  its  current  activities, 
strategic goals and broad view of the sector and other related issues. This includes but is not limited to media 
interviews,  website  videos  in  -person  investor  presentations  and  written  content.  Communication  to  all 
stakeholders  is  the  direct  responsibility  of  the  Senior  Management  team.  Managers  work  directly  with 
professionals to ensure all inquiries (through established channels for this specific purpose such as email or 
phone) are addressed in a timely matter. Managers also ensure that the Company communicates with clarity 
on its proprietary internet platforms. The Board routinely reviews the Company communication policy and 
programmes to ensure the quality communication with all stakeholders. 

The Board believes that the Annual Report and Accounts, and the Interim Report published at the half-year 
which can be found on the Company’s website, play an important part in presenting all shareholders with an 
assessment of the Company’s position and prospects. All reports and press releases are published under the 
“Investors” tab of the Company’s website. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

3.  Take  into  account  wider  stakeholder  and  social  responsibilities  and  their  implications  for  long-term 

success 

The  Board  recognises  its  prime  responsibility  under  UK  corporate  law  is  to  promote  the  success  of  the 
Company for the benefit of its members as a whole. The Board also understands that it has a responsibility 
towards employees, partners, customers, suppliers and to the community and environment it operates in as 
a whole. 

Communication with and feedback from these various groups is achieved in a variety of ways. The Executive 
Directors hold investor roadshows and webcasts on a regular basis, at which feedback from shareholders is 
sought. Regular dialogue is maintained with employees through regular discussion and updates given by the 
Executive Directors. 

The nature of the Cadence’s business as an investment company means that although it has no direct effect 
on the working environments and communities of the companies it invests in, it nonetheless liaises with the 
management of its investee companies to understand their approach to stakeholder engagement and their 
policies, which will form part of its investment criteria. 

4.  Embed  effective  risk  management,  considering  both  opportunities  and  threats,  throughout  the 

organisation 

The Board has an established Audit Committee, a summary of its roles and responsibilities is available on the 
corporate governance webpage. The Committee is specifically charged with ensuring that Cadence as a whole 
has the appropriate policies and processes in place to identify the risks which the Company is exposed to and 
to proactively mitigate those risks as appropriate. 

The Company maintains a register of risks and publishes an overview of significant risks and uncertainties in 
its  Annual  Report.  Please  refer  to  the  Company’s  Annual  Report  and  Accounts  for  further  details  on  the 
principal risks and uncertainties which the Company faces. 

The Company receives regular feedback from its external auditors on the state of its internal controls. The 
Board maintains a register of risks and publishes an annual summary of the significant risks and uncertainties 
in the Annual Report. 

5.  Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair 
The Board is comprised of Andrew Suckling the Non-Executive Chairman, a Non-Executive Director and two 
Executive Directors. The CEO, Kiran Morzaria,  is engaged to work a minimum of a  27-hour week  and is an 
employee of the Company. The Finance Director Donald Strang, is engaged to work a minimum of a 27-hour 
week. 

The board deemed that given the stage and development of the Company, it would be more cost efficient to 
employee  a  full-time  accountant  which  along  with  the  finance  director  ensure  that  Company’s  financial 
systems are robust, compliant, and support current activities and future growth. 

The service agreements of the Non-Executive Directors anticipate that the Non-Executive Chairman should 
spend  5  working  days  per month  and  the  Non-Executive  Director  3  working  days  per  month.  All  Directors 
dedicate such time as required to effectively perform their roles. 

The roles of the Chairman and CEO are clearly separated. The Directors ensure the skills required to undertake 
their roles are kept current through training and consultation with subject matter experts as required. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair (continued) 

5. 
The  CEO  is  responsible  for  the  operational  management  of  the  business  of  Cadence  and  for  the 
implementation of strategy and policies as agreed by the Board. The non-executive Chairman is responsible 
for the leadership and effective working of the Board, for setting the Board agenda, and ensuring that Directors 
receive accurate, timely and clear information. 

The  CEO  is  responsible  for  the  operational  management  of  the  business  of  Cadence  and  for  the 
implementation of strategy and policies as agreed by the Board. The Non-Executive Chairman is responsible 
for the leadership and effective working of the Board, for setting the Board agenda, and ensuring that Directors 
receive accurate, timely and clear information. 

The Non-Executive Directors are not considered independent under the FRC Code as they hold options in the 
Company. However, the Board considers that the Non-Executive Directors are independent of management 
under all other measures and are able to exercise independence of judgement. Whilst conflicts of interest are 
fully disclosed and understood, as appropriate Non-Executive Directors exercise independence of judgement. 
No Director is involved in discussions or decisions where he has a conflict of interest. An Audit Committee and 
a Remuneration Committee support the Board. 

Cadence  intends  that  the  Board  endeavours  to  hold  full  board  meetings  at  least  3  times  each  year.  The 
attendance of Board members for meetings during the current financial year is as follows: 

Andrew Suckling   8 of 13 
Adrian Fairbourn  8 of 13 
Kiran Morzaria 
Donald Strang 

13 of 13 
13 of 13 

6.  Ensure  that  between  them  the  directors  have  the  necessary  up-to-date  experience,  skills  and 

capabilities 
Directors  who  have  been  appointed  to  the  Company  have  been  chosen  because  of  the  skills  and 
experience they offer. The Board continually strives to ensure that it has the right balance of knowledge, 
skills,  experience  and  contacts  across  the  sectors  in  which  it  operates.  This  is  evaluated  in  line  with 
Cadence’s business model as it changes. 

It is of primary importance that the Board’s knowledge is kept to up to date in a rapidly changing mining 
and metals marketplace. This is achieved by maintaining a broad network of contacts across the industry 
and ensuring regular dialogue  is held and feedback obtained by both the executive  and non-executive 
directors as appropriate. 

As  necessary,  Directors  receive  externally  provided  refresher  and  update  training  specific  to  their 
individual roles. 

The  Company  Secretary  advises  the  Board  members  on  their  legal  and  corporate  responsibilities  and 
matters of corporate governance. 

Biographical details of each of the Directors are given on page 27 and the website.  

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

7.  Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
On the 28 September 2018, the Company adopted the QCA Code. Prior to this point given the nature and the 
development of the Company it did not set Key Performance Indicators. 

The Company now measures its performance, and therefore inherently the performance of the Board as a 
unit, against Key Performance Indicators. The primary KPI is absolute equity return on investments. Details 
intend to be disclosed in the Annual Report Accounts going forward. 

The  performance  of  the  Executive  Directors  is  monitored  and  regularly  reviewed  by  the  Non-Executive 
Directors.  Such  review  considers  both  the  KPIs outlined  above,  The  Board  intends  to  introduce  qualitative 
performance measurements for the Executive Directors to ensure that the right degree of focus is applied to 
the strategic direction as well as the current financial performance of the business. 

8.  Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

The Company has a strong ethical culture, which is promoted by the actions of the Board and Executive team. 
These include the following key policies which govern its ethical culture. 

•  Equal opportunities policy 
•  Code of conduct 
•  Whistleblowing policy 
•  Health and safety policy 
•  Email and internet policy 
•  Social media policy 

The Company has an anti-bribery policy and has implemented adequate procedures described by the Bribery 
Act  2010.  The  Company  reports  on  its  compliance  to  the  Board  on  an  annual  basis.  The  Company  has 
undertaken  a  review  of  its  requirements  under  the  General  Data  Protection  Regulation,  implementing 
appropriate policies, procedures and training to ensure it is compliant. 

9.  Communicate  how  the  company  is  governed  and  is  performing  by  maintaining  a  dialogue  with 

shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

The  Company  encourages  two-way  communication  with  both  its  institutional  and  private  investors  and 
responds quickly to all significant queries received. The “Investors” tab of our website contains all required 
regulatory information together with other information which shareholders may find useful. 

The  AGM  is  an  important  forum  for  shareholder  engagement,  and  the  directors  are  always  available 
immediately after the AGM to listen to the views of any shareholders in attendance and to provide them with 
an update on the business. 

Currently there is no Audit Committee report provided in the Annual report but the Board will consider the 
provision of this in the next Annual report together with other information which shareholders may find useful. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

10. Maintain  governance  structures  and  processes  that  are  fit  for  purpose  and  support  good  decision-

making by the board 

Details of the Company’s corporate governance arrangements are provided within this Corporate Governance 
section  Details  of  the  Company’s  corporate  governance  arrangements  are  provided  within  this  Corporate 
Governance  section  the  Annual  Report  and  Accounts.  The  Board  considers  the  appropriateness  of  these 
arrangements against the size and complexity of the Company as it evolves over time. 

The Chairman leads the Board and is responsible for ensuring its effectiveness in all aspects of its role. The 
Chairman promotes a culture of openness and debate, in particular by ensuring the Non-Executive Directors 
provide constructive challenge to the Executive Directors. 

The matters reserved for the board are: 
•  Definition of the strategic goals for the Company, sets corporate objectives to enable the goals to be met, 

and measures performance against those objectives; 

•  Ensuring that the necessary financial and human resources are in place to both meet its obligations to all 

stakeholders and to provide a platform for profitable growth; 

•  Recommending any interim and final dividends; 
•  Approving all mergers and acquisitions and all capital expenditure greater than £200,000; 
•  Receiving recommendations from the Audit Committee in relation to the reporting requirements and the 
appropriate accounting policies for the Company, the appointment of auditors and their remuneration, 
and the identification and management of risk; 

•  Receives recommendations from the Appointments Committee concerning the appointment of executive 
directors, and from the Remuneration Committee concerning the remuneration of the executive directors; 

•  Determines the fees paid to the Non-Executive Directors. 

The  CEO  has  the  overall  responsibility  for  creating,  planning,  implementing,  and  integrating  the  strategic 
direction of the Company. This includes responsibility for all components and departments of a business. The 
CEO  to  ensures  that  the  organisation’s  leadership  maintains  constant  awareness  of  both  the  external  and 
internal  competitive  landscape,  opportunities  for  expansion,  customer  base,  markets,  new  industry 
developments and standards. 

The Finance Director works alongside the CEO and has overall control and responsibility for all financial aspects 
of company strategy. The Finance Director takes overall responsibility of the Company’s accounting function 
and ensures that Company’s financial systems are robust, compliant and support current activities and future 
growth.  The  Finance  Director  will  coordinate  corporate  finance  and  manage  company  policies  regarding 
capital requirements, debt, taxation, equity and acquisitions as appropriate. 

The Board is supported by two committees being the Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee. The 
Audit Committee advises the Board on the reporting requirements and the appropriate accounting policies for 
the Company, the appointment of auditors and their remuneration, and the identification and management 
of risk. The Remuneration Committee advises the Board on all matters pertaining to the remuneration of the 
Executive Directors. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

BOARD MEMBERS 

The Board comprises of a Non-Executive Chairman, one Non-Executive Director and two Executive Directors. 

Andrew Suckling, Non-Executive Chairman 
Andrew has over 25 years’ experience in the commodity industry. He began in 1994 as a trader on the London 
Metal Exchange and subsequently became a founding partner, research analyst and trader with the multi-
billion  fund  management  group  Ospraie.  Andrew  is  a  graduate  of  Brasenose  College,  Oxford  University, 
earning a BA (Hons) in Modern History in 1993 and an MA in Modern History in 2000.  Andrew is the chair of 
the Audit and Remuneration Committee 

Kiran Morzaria, Chief Executive Officer 
Kiran  holds  a  B.Eng.  from  the  Camborne  School  of  Mines  and  an  MBA  (Finance).  He  has  over  20  years’ 
experience in the mineral resource industry, working in both operational and management roles. The first four 
years of his career were spent in exploration, mining and civil engineering, after which he was involved in the 
acquisition, recommissioning and eventual sale of the Vatukoula Gold Mine 

Donald Strang, Finance Director 
Donald is a member of the Australian Institute of Chartered Accountants and has been in business for over 20 
years, holding senior financial and management  positions in both publicly  listed and private enterprises  in 
Australia, Europe and Africa. He has considerable corporate and international expertise, and over the past 
decade, has focused on mining and exploration activities. He is an Executive Director of Gunsynd plc. 

Adrian Fairbourn, Non-Executive Director 
Adrian began his career as an investment analyst before moving to build and manage the highly successful 
alternative fund-of-funds operation at the Bank of Bermuda. Adrian has co-managed a multi-family office in 
London, responsible for hedge fund investments, direct investments and also asset-raising for co-investment 
opportunities. He has successfully assisted in over $US1 billion of structuring, capital and fundraising projects 
for private companies and alternative funds. Adrian is a member of the Audit and Remuneration Committee 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

The Board is responsible for formulating, reviewing and approving the Company’s strategy, financial activities 
and operating performance. Day-to-day management is devolved to the Executive Directors, who are charged 
with  consulting  the  Board  on  all  significant  financial  and  operational  matters.  The  Board  retains  ultimate 
accountability for governance and is responsible for monitoring the activities of the executive team. 

The roles of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer are split in accordance with best practice. The Chairman has 
the responsibility of ensuring that the Board discharges its responsibilities. The Chairman is responsible for the 
leadership  and  effective  working  of  the  Board,  for  setting  the  Board  agenda,  and  ensuring  that  Directors 
receive accurate, timely and clear information. No one individual has unfettered powers of decision. 

The two Executive Directors are comprised of a Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Finance Director. The CEO 
has the overall responsibility for creating, planning, implementing, and integrating the strategic direction of 
the  Company.  This  includes  responsibility  for  all  components  and  departments  of  a  business.  The  CEO  to 
ensures that the organisation’s leadership maintains constant awareness of both the external and internal 
competitive landscape, opportunities for expansion, customer base, markets, new industry developments and 
standards. 

The  non-executive  directors  are  not  considered  independent  under  the  Financial  Reporting  Council’s 
Corporate Governance Code (April 2016) (“FRC Code”) as they both have options in the Company. However, 
the Board considers that both non-executives are independent of management under all other measures and 
able to exercise independence of judgement. 

The Committees 
Audit Committee 
The Audit Committee consists of two non-executive members of the board and meet at least twice a year. 
The principal duties and responsibilities of the Audit Committee include: 

•  Overseeing  the  Company’s  financial  reporting  disclosure  process;  this  includes  the  choice  of 

appropriate accounting policies 

•  Monitor the Company’s internal financial controls and assess their adequacy 
•  Review key estimates, judgements and assumptions applied by management in preparing published 

financial statements 

•  Assess annually the auditor’s independence and objectivity 
•  Make  recommendations  in  relation  to  the  appointment,  re-appointment  and  removal  of  the 

company’s external auditor 

Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee consists of two non-executive members of the board and meet at least once a 
year. 
The principal duties and responsibilities of the Remuneration Committee include: 

Setting the remuneration policy for all Executive Directors 

• 
•  Recommending and monitoring the level and structure of remuneration for senior management 
•  Approving the design of, and determining targets for, performance related pay schemes operated by 

the company and approve the total annual payments made under such schemes 

•  Reviewing the design of all share incentive plans for approval by the Board and shareholders 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

•  None of the Committee members have any personal financial interest (other than as shareholders and 
option holders), conflicts of interest arising from cross-directorships or day-to-day involvement in the 
running  of  the  business.  No  director  plays  a  part  in  any  financial  decision  about  his  or  her  own 
remuneration. 

Principle and Approach of the Board 
Cadence is committed to achieve and maintain high standards of governance. As such, the Board has chosen 
to  adopt  the  Quoted  Companies  Alliance  Corporate  Governance  Code  for  Small  and  Mid-Size  Quoted 
Companies 2018 (“the QCA Code”). Detailed below is how the Board applies the 10 principles of Corporate 
Governance, which form part of the QCA code. 

Internal Controls 
The  Directors  acknowledge  their  responsibility  for  the  Company’s  systems  of  internal  controls  and  for 
reviewing their effectiveness. These internal controls are designed to safeguard the assets  of the Company 
and to ensure the reliability of financial information for both internal use and external publication. While they 
are aware that no system can provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss, in light of 
increased activity and further development of the Company, continuing reviews of internal controls will be 
undertaken to ensure that they are adequate and effective. 

Risk Management 
The Board considers risk assessment to be important in achieving its strategic objectives. There is a process of 
evaluation  of  performance  targets  through  regular  reviews  by  Senior  Management  to  forecasts.  Project 
milestones and timelines are reviewed regularly. 

Business Risk 
The Board regularly evaluates and reviews any business risks when reviewing project timelines. The types of 
risks reviewed include: 

regulatory and compliance obligations 

• 
•  environmental requirements 
• 
•  political and country risks where appropriate. 

commodity price, interest rate, liquidity and volatility risks  

Insurance 
The Company maintains insurance in respect of its Directors and Officers against liabilities in relation to the 
Company. 

Treasury Policy 
The  Company  finances  its  operations  through  equity  and  holds  its  cash  as  a  liquid  resource  to  fund  the 
obligations of the Company. Decisions regarding the management of these assets are approved by the Board. 

Securities Trading 
The Board has adopted a Share Dealing Code that applies to Directors, Senior Management and any employee 
who is in possession of ‘inside information’. All such persons are prohibited from trading in the Company’s 
securities if they are in possession of ‘inside information’. Subject to this condition and trading prohibitions 
applying to certain periods, trading can occur provided the individual has received the appropriate prescribed 
clearance. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT ON REMUNERATION 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Report on Remuneration 
On  behalf  of  the  Board,  I  am  pleased  to  present  the  Directors’  Remuneration  Report  summarising  the 
Company’s  remuneration policy  and  providing  information  on  the  Company’s remuneration  approach  and 
arrangements for Executive Directors, Non-Executive Directors and Senior Executive Management for the year 
ended 31 December 2020. 

This report is prepared in accordance with the QCA Remuneration Committee Guide for small and mid-sized 
quoted  companies,  revised  in  2020.  A  summary  of  the  Remuneration  Committee’s  role,  membership  and 
relevant qualifications can be found in the corporate governance section 

Remuneration Committee meetings are held at least twice a year with the primary focus of setting goals for 
the coming period and then assessing results at the end of that period. During the year, the Remuneration 
Committee met twice  times and; 

•  Benchmarked the Boards Remuneration, both fixed and variable and as a whole, and compared it to 

AIM-listed companies of a similar market capitalisation. 

•  Reviewed  the  above  comparisons  and  establish  short,  medium  and  long-term  incentive  schemes, 

which it then recommended to the Board for approval, 

•  Reviewed the performance of the Board against targets and awarded incentives covering the reporting 

period. 

• 

The Board recognises that Directors' remuneration is of legitimate concern to the shareholders.  The Company 
operates  within  a  competitive  environment,  performance  depends  on  the  individual  contributions  of  the 
Directors and employees, and it believes in rewarding vision and innovation. 

Policy on executive Directors' remuneration 
The policy of the Board is to provide executive remuneration packages designed to attract, motivate and retain 
Directors  of  the  calibre  necessary  to  maintain  the  Company's  position  and  to  reward  them  for  enhancing 
shareholder value and return.  It aims to provide sufficient levels of remuneration to do this but to avoid paying 
more  than  is  necessary.    The  remuneration  will  also  reflect  the  Directors'  responsibilities  and  contain 
incentives to deliver the Company's objectives. 

Salary and Fees, 
Benchmarking data indicates that at the time of the review, for Salary and Fees, Cadence is slightly above 
the lower quartile of companies of a market capitalisation of between £20 million and £50 million on the 
AIM market. During this review, the Remuneration Committee recommended not material changes to the 
remuneration of its members. 

Bonuses 
During the review by the Remuneration Committee and the benchmarking exercise, Cadence was found that 
by  not  have  a  sufficient  variable  component  as  part  of  its  remuneration  policy,  it  was  not  in  line  with 
comparable  companies.  Therefore  it  was  recommended  that  Cadence  should  put  in  place  a  short  term 
incentive based on specific operational achievements of the Company’s investments. This achievement was 
met during the period, and the bonuses were recommended for approval and paid during the period. 

A condition of the award of these cash bonuses was that once the board was in an open period that the net 
amount received should be used to acquire shares in the Company, which was done by all board members. 
The bonuses paid in the year ended 31 December are shown below. In Year ended 31 December 2019, no 
bonuses were paid. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT ON REMUNERATION 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Share Awards (Share Incentive Plan) 
To incentive the Board on a medium-term basis, the Remuneration Committee recommended that the Board 
could be awarded up to 240,000 Ordinary Shares each in the employee benefit trust. The award of these shares 
from the employee benefit trust is conditional on meeting performance and vesting conditions in line with 
market practice. During the period, one of these targets was achieved, entitling each director to be awarded 
80,000 shares (net of tax) from the employee benefit trust. The shares were not awarded during the period, 
however as the award had vested, the costs associated with this was accrued during the year. 

Pensions 
The  Company  only  operates  a  basic  pension  scheme  for  its  directors  and  employees  as  required  by  UK 
legislation. The Company made the following pension contributions in the year: K Morzaria £1,424 (2019: £Nil) 
and D Strang £219 (2019: £Nil). 

Benefits in kind 
No benefits in kind were paid during the year to 31 December 2020 or the year ended 31 December 2019. 

Notice periods 
Andrew Suckling, Kiran Morzaria, Donald Strang and Adrian Fairbourn each have a 12 month rolling notice 
period.  

Share option incentives 
At 31 December 2020 no options were held by the Directors. 

The remuneration of the Directors was as follows: 

A Fairbourn 

A Suckling 

K Morzaria 

D Strang 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Total 

£ 

Year to 31 December 2020 

Salary and fees 

Bonus 

Cost of shares awarded (2) 

48,000 

30,000 

9,600 

99,333 

30,000 

9,600 

120,000 

60,000 

18,113 

116,000 

60,000 

18,113 

383,333 

180,000 

55,426 

Total 

87,600 

138,933 

198,113 

194,113 

618,759 

Year to 31 December 2019 

Salary and fees 

Share based payments (1) 

48,000 

142 

100,000 

327 

150,000 

327 

120,000 

418,000 

327 

1,123 

Total 

48,142 

100,327 

150,327 

120,327 

419,123 

(1)  Share based payments represent a Black and Scholes valuation of the incentive options granted to the Directors during 2017. 

Options are used to incentivise Directors and are a non-cash form of remuneration.  

(2)  The cost of shares awarded represents the value of the shares awarded to the Directors for milestones reached. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
REPORT ON REMUNERATION 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

At 31 December 2020 the following amounts were outstanding in fees to directors; £Nil (2019: £66,919). 

The high and low share price for the year were 16.5p and 3p respectively (year ended 31 December 2019: 38p 
and 6.625p). The share price at 31 December 2020 was 14.5p (31 December 2019: 6.75p). 

Andrew Suckling 
Non-Executive Chairman, 29 June 2021 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

Opinion  

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Cadence  Minerals Plc  (the  ‘company’)  for  the  year  ended 31 
December  2020  which  comprise:  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  the  Statement  of  Financial 
Position,  the  Statement  of  Changes  in  Equity,  the  Statement  of  Cash  Flows  and  notes  to  the  financial 
statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied 
in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and  international  accounting  standards  in  conformity  with  the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006.  

In our opinion, the financial statements:  

• 

give a true and fair view of the  state of the  company’s affairs as at 31 December 2020 and of the 
company’s profit for the year then ended;  

•  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  international accounting  standards  in  conformity 

with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; and 

•  have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006  

Basis for opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the 
audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance 
with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including 
the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities 
in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and 
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Conclusions relating to going concern  

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of 
accounting  in  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is  appropriate.  Our  evaluation  of  the  directors’ 
assessment of the company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included: 

•  Reviewing the cash flow forecasts prepared by management for the period up to June 2022, providing 

challenge to key assumptions and reviewing for reasonableness; 

•  A comparison of actual results for the year to past budgets to assess the forecasting ability/accuracy 

of management;  

•  Reviewing post-year end RNS announcements and held discussions with management on expenditure 
plans, as well as the  potential consequences of not meeting minimum spend requirements  on the 
licenses during 2021; and 

•  Assessing the adequacy of going concern disclosures within the Annual Report and Accounts 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events 
or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue 
as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised 
for issue. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the 
relevant sections of this report. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

Our application of materiality  

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of 
misstatements. At the planning stage, materiality is used to determine the financial statement areas that are 
included within the scope of our audit and the extent of sample sizes during the audit. 

We determined our overall financial statement materiality to be £330,000, based on 1.5% of net assets. We 
consider  net  assets  to  be  the  most  significant  determinant  of  the  company’s  financial  position  and 
performance used by shareholders, with the key financial statement balances being investments and cash and 
cash  equivalents.  The  going  concern  of  the  company  is  dependent  on  its  ability  to  fund  operations  going 
forward, as well as on the valuation of its assets, which represent the underlying value of the company.  

We set performance materiality at 70% of overall financial statement materiality to reflect the risk associated 
with the judgemental and key areas of management estimation within the financial statements. 

We agreed with the board of directors that we would report to the committee all audit differences identified 
during the course of our audit in excess of £16,500.  

No  significant  changes  have  come  to  light  through  the  audit  fieldwork  which  has  caused  us  to  revise  our 
materiality figure. 

Our approach to the audit 

In  designing  our  audit,  we  determined  materiality  and  assessed  the  risk  of  material  misstatement  in  the 
financial statements. In particular, we looked at areas requiring the directors to make subjective judgements, 
for example in respect of assessing the carrying value and recoverability of investments, and the consideration 
of future events that are inherently uncertain. We also addressed the risk of management override of internal 
controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of 
material misstatement due to fraud.  

Key audit matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit 
of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: 
the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement 
team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in 
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.   

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

Key Audit Matter 

How our scope addressed this matter 

Carrying  value  of  Financial  Assets  (Refer 
note 6) 

The Company held investments with a value of 
£16.6m as at 31 December 2020. These are 
valued in accordance with IFRS 13 and the fair 
value hierarchy; and classified as per IFRS 9.  

There is the risk that these investments have 
not been valued in accordance with IFRS 13 
and IFRS 9 and require impairment. 

Our work in this area included: 

•  Reviewing the valuation methodology for the 

investments held and ensuring that the carrying 
values are supported by sufficient and 
appropriate audit evidence;  

•  Ensuring that all asset types are categorised 
according to IFRS, including the accounting 
disclosures as required under IFRS 9;  
•  Reviewing the movement in investments to 
ensure they are accounted for and disclosed 
correctly in line with IFRS 9;  

•  Reviewing disclosures in relation to said assets;  
•  Ensuring that Cadence Minerals Plc has full title 

to the investments held;  

•  Ensuring that appropriate disclosures 

surrounding the estimates made in respect of 
any valuations are included in the financial 
statements; and  

•  Considering whether the transactions have been 
accounted for correctly within the financial 
statements.  

A prior year restatement in respect of the classification 
of the investments held, was reflected within the 
financial statements as the Company is an investment 
entity and their investments should be recorded as 
financial assets instead of investments in associates or 
joint ventures.  

In addition, the Company's subsidiaries are also 
investment vehicles and because the Company itself is 
an investment vehicle, they are exempt from 
consolidation under IFRS 10 and the Directors have 
taken this exemption.  

Further details of the prior year adjustment are in note 
20.    

Based on the work performed, we are satisfied that the 
carrying value of financial investments is materially 
correct and adequately disclosed. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

Carrying value and classification of loans 
receivable. (Refer note 7) 
There is a risk that the loan amount is not 
recoverable given that no repayments were 
made by the debtor for the loan outstanding 
since prior year and in addition to the existing 
loan another loan was extended. 

There is also a risk that the loan has not been 
accounted for in accordance with IFRS 9. 

Our work in this area included: 

•  Obtaining and reviewing the loan agreement to 
ascertain the key terms of the loan agreement; 

•  Ensuring that the loan has been classified and 
disclosed correctly in accordance with IFRS 9; 
•  Discussing with Management to ascertain their 
justification for no IFRS 9 ECL charge being 
recognised in the year. Challenge management's 
key assumptions and consider whether the loan 
is fully recoverable or whether an IFRS 9 ECL 
charge is required; and 

•  Ensuring that the loan is correctly classified as 
current or non-current in accordance with the 
payment terms per the loan agreement. 

Based on the work performed, we are satisfied that the 
carrying value and classification of loans receivable is 
materially correct. 

Other information  

The  other  information  comprises  the  information  included  in  the  annual  report,  other  than  the  financial 
statements  and  our  auditor’s  report  thereon.  The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information 
contained  within  the  annual  report.  Our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  does  not  cover  the  other 
information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider 
whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the  financial  statements  or  our  knowledge 
obtained  in  the  course  of  the  audit,  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such 
material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives 
rise  to  a  material  misstatement  in  the  financial  statements  themselves.  If,  based  on  the  work  we  have 
performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to 
report that fact.  

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006  

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:  

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and  
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception  

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course 
of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.  

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:  

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or  
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or  
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or  
• 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.  

Responsibilities of directors  

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such 
internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  company’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, 
or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities,  including  fraud.  The  extent  to  which  our  procedures  are  capable  of  detecting  irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below: 

•  We obtained an understanding of the company and the sector in which they operate to identify laws 
and regulations that could reasonably be expected to have a direct effect on the financial statements. 
We  obtained  our  understanding  in  this  regard  through  discussions  with  management,  industry 
research and the application of cumulative audit knowledge and experience of the sector.  

•  We determined the principal laws and regulations relevant to the company in this regard to be those 

arising from 

o  Aim rules; 

o  Companies Act 2006; 

o  GDPR; 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF  CADENCE MINERALS PLC  

o  Employment Law; 

o  Health and Safety Law; 

o  Anti-Bribery Money Laundering Regulations; and  

o  QCA compliance 

•  We  designed  our  audit  procedures  to  ensure  the  audit  team  considered  whether  there  were  any 
indications of non-compliance  by the company with those  laws  and regulations. These procedures 
included, but were not limited to: 

o 

review  of  legal  and  professional  fees  to  understand  the  nature  of  the  costs  and  the 
existence of any non-compliance with laws and regulations; 

o  discussion with management regarding potential non-compliance; and  

o 

review of minutes of meetings of those charged with governance and RNS  

•  We also identified the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements due to fraud. We 
considered, in addition to the non-rebuttable presumption of a risk of fraud arising from management 
override of controls, the potential for management bias was identified in relation to the going concern 
of  the  company  and  as  noted  above,  we  addressed  this  by  challenging  the  assumptions  and 
judgements made by management when auditing that significant accounting estimate.  

•  As in all of our audits, we addressed the risk of fraud arising from management override of controls 
by  performing  audit  procedures  which  included,  but  were  not  limited  to:  the  testing  of  journals; 
reviewing  accounting  estimates  for  evidence  of  bias;  and  evaluating  the  business  rationale  of  any 
significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business. 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including 
those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation.  This 
risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. 
The  risk  is  also  greater  regarding  irregularities  occurring  due  to  fraud  rather  than  error,  as  fraud  involves 
intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting  Council’s  website  at:  www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  This  description  forms  part  of  our 
auditor’s report.  

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.    Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To 
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone,  other than  the 
company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

Zahir Khaki (Senior Statutory Auditor)  
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP 
Statutory Auditor 

29 June 2021 

15 Westferry Circus 
Canary Wharf 
London E14 4HD 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Income 

Unrealised profit on financial investments 

Realised profit/(loss) on financial investments 

Other income 

Share based payments 

Impairment of financial assets 

Other administrative expenses 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating profit/(loss) 

Finance income 

Finance cost 

Foreign exchange losses 

Profit/(loss) before taxation 

Taxation 

Profit/(loss) attributable to the equity holders of the 
Company 

Total comprehensive profit/(loss) for the year, attributable 
to the equity holders of the company 

Earnings per ordinary share 

Basic earnings per share (pence) 

Diluted earnings per share (pence) 

  Note 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2019 (restated) 
£’000 

6 

6 

1 

6 

1 

3 

4 

5 

5 

10,252  

65  

54  

10,371  

(57) 

-  

(1,379) 

(1,436) 

8,935  

6  

(298) 

(820) 

7,823  

- 

230  

(91) 

10  

149  

(1) 

(129) 

(1,716) 

(1,846) 

(1,697) 

(381) 

140 

(1,938) 

- 

7,823  

(1,938) 

7,823  

(1,938) 

6.705  

6.609  

(2.171) 

n/a 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITITON 
As at 31 December 2020 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITITON 

ASSETS 

Non-current 

Financial Assets 

Current 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial Assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Current 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 

Issued share capital 

Share premium 

Share based payment reserve 

Retained earnings 

Equity attributable 

to equity holders of the Company 

Total equity and liabilities 

31 December 
2020 
£'000 

31 December 
2019 (restated) 
£'000 

Note 

31 December 
2018 (restated) 

6 

7 

6 

8 

9 

10 

2,885 

2,885 

5,365 

13,761 

596 

19,722 

22,607 

295 

219 

514 

514 

1,896 

33,159 

39 

(13,001) 

22,093 

2,240 

2,240 

6,144 

5,446 

481 

12,071 

14,311 

343 

2,982 

3,325 

3,325 

1,471 

30,357 

1,383 

(22,225) 

10,986 

1,231 

1,231 

4,515 

7,564 

468 

12,547 

13,778 

223 

3,706 

3,929 

3,929 

1,202 

27,552 

1,392 

(20,297) 

9,849 

22,607 

14,311 

13,778 

The financial statements were approved by the Board on 29 June 2021, and signed on their behalf by;  

Kiran Morzaria   
Director 

Company number 05234262 

Donald Strang 
Director  

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 
As at 31 December 2020 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 

Share 
capital 

Share 
premium 

£'000 

£'000 

Share 
based 
payment 
reserve 
£'000 

Equity 
loan 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

Total 
equity 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

1,202 

27,552 

3,178 

412 

(4,643) 

27,701 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7 

(1,793) 

- 

(1,786) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(412) 

(412) 

- 

- 

1,793 

- 

1,793 

7 

- 

(412) 

(405) 

(17,447) 

(17,447) 

(17,447) 

(17,447) 

1,202 

27,552 

1,392 

- 

(20,297) 

9,849 

- 

- 

269 

- 

269 

- 

- 

- 

- 

3,031 

(226) 

2,805 

- 

- 

1 

(10) 

- 

- 

(9)

- 

- 

1,471 

30,357 

1,383 

- 

- 

- 

425 

425 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,993 

(191) 

2,802 

- 

- 

57 

(1,369) 

(32) 

- 

- 

(1,344) 

- 

- 

1,896 

33,159 

39 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10 

- 

- 

10 

1 

- 

3,300 

(226) 

3,075 

(1,938) 

(1,938) 

- 

(1,938) 

(1,938) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(22,225) 

10,986 

- 

1,369 

32 

- 

- 

1,401 

7,823 

57 

- 

- 

3,418 

3,475 

7,823 

7,823 

7,823 

(13,001) 

22,093 

Balance at 31 December 
2017 (restated) 

Share based payments 
Transfer on lapse of warrants 

On settlement of loan notes 

Transactions with owners 

Loss for the period 
Total comprehensive loss for 
the period 

Balance at 31 December 
2018 (restated) 

Share based payments 
Warrants issued 

Share issue 

Share issue costs 

Transactions with owners 

Loss for the period 
Total comprehensive loss for 
the period 

Balance at 31 December 
2019 (restated) 

Share based payments 
Transfer on lapse of warrants 
Transfer on exercise of 
warrants 

Share issue 

Share issue costs 

Transactions with owners 

Profit for the period 
Total comprehensive profit 
for the period 
Balance at 31 December 
2020 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC 
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

Cash flow from operating activities 

Continuing operations 
Operating profit/(loss) 
(Profit)/loss on financial investments 

Impairment of intangible assets 

Equity settled share based payments 
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other 
receivables 
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 

Net cash outflow from operating activities from 
continuing operations 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Receipts from investments in associates 

Payments for non-current financial investments 
Payments for investments in current financial 
investments 
Receipts on sale of current investments 

Net cash inflow from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Proceeds from issue of share capital 

Share issue costs 

Net borrowings 

Net finance cost 
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing 
activities 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents 
Foreign exchange movements on cash and cash 
equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 

Year ended 

31 December 
2020 

£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2019 
(restated) 
£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2018 
(restated) 
£'000 

8,935 

(10,317) 

- 

57 

32 

(68) 

(1,697) 

(139) 

446 

1 

(1,946) 

118 

(1,361) 

(3,217) 

- 

(645) 

(50) 

2,052 

1,357 

2,723 

(191) 

(2,120) 

(292) 

120 

116 

(1) 

481 

596 

160 

(738) 

- 

2,097 

1,519 

2,900 

(226) 

(583) 

(381) 

1,710 

12 

1 

468 

481 

(16,855) 

15,535 

- 

7 

406 

(39) 

(946) 

(50) 

(325) 

(523) 

1,755 

857 

- 

- 

(1,101) 

(377) 

(1,478) 

(1,567) 

(2) 

2,037 

468 

The accompanying principal accounting policies and notes form an integral part of these financial statements. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
GENERAL INFORMATION 

Cadence Minerals plc is a company incorporated in the United Kingdom. The Company's shares are listed on 
the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange, and on the AQUIS Growth Market as operated by AQUIS Stock 
Exchange (“AQUIS”). 

The  Financial  Statements  are  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  and  have  been  prepared  under  the 
historical cost convention and in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by 
the EU ("adopted IFRS").  These Financial Statements (the "Financial Statements") have been prepared and 
approved by the Directors on 29 June 2021 and signed on their behalf by Donald Strang and Kiran Morzaria.  

The  accounting  policies  have  been  applied  consistently  throughout  the  preparation  of  these  Financial 
Statements,  and  the  financial  report  is  presented  in  Pound  Sterling  (£)  and  all  values  are  rounded  to  the 
nearest thousand pounds (£‘000) unless otherwise stated.  

PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT 

Cadence Minerals Plc is an investment entity and its interests are held exclusively with a view to subsequent 
resale. Historically the Company adopted a consolidation policy which didn’t reflect the nature, purpose and 
cashflows of the entity. This policy has been amended and the prior years have been restated in recognition 
of the change in accounting policy in line with IAS 8. 

All  investments  preciously  wrongly  classified  have  been  reclassified  as  Financial  Assets  held  at  Fair  Value 
through Profit and Loss (“FVPTL”). The prior year accounts have been restated as a result. Additionally deposits 
have been reclassified from cash and cash equivalent to other debtors as it is not considered to be readily 
available. For details please see note 20.  

INVESTING POLICY 

The Company’s investing policy, which was approved at a General Meeting on 29 November 2010, is to acquire 
a diverse portfolio of direct and indirect interests in exploration and producing rare earth minerals and/or 
other metals projects and assets (‘Investing Policy’). In light of the nature of the assets and projects that will 
be  the  focus of  the  Investing  Policy,  the  Company will  consider  investment opportunities  anywhere  in  the 
world. 

The Directors have considerable investment experience, both in structuring and executing deals and in raising 
funds. Further details of the Directors’ expertise are set out on the Company website. The Directors will use 
this experience to identify and investigate investment opportunities, and to negotiate acquisitions. Wherever 
necessary, the Company will engage suitably qualified technical personnel to carry out specialist due diligence 
prior to making an acquisition or an investment. For the acquisitions that they expect the Company to make, 
the Directors may adopt earn-out structures with specific performance targets being set for the sellers of the 
businesses acquired and with suitable metrics applied. 

The  Company  may  invest  by  way  of  outright  acquisition  or  by  the  acquisition  of  assets  –  including  the 
intellectual property – of a relevant business, partnership or joint venture arrangement. Such investments may 
result in the Company acquiring the whole or part of a company or project (which, in the case of an investment 
in  a  company,  may  be  private  or  listed  on  a  stock  exchange,  and  which  may  be  pre-revenue),  and  such 
investments  may  constitute  a  minority  stake  in  the  company  or  project  in  question.  The  Company’s 
investments may take the form of equity, joint venture, debt, convertible documents, licence rights, or other 
financial instruments such as the Directors deem appropriate. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

The  Company  may  be  both  an  active  and  a  passive  investor  depending  on  the  nature  of  the  individual 
investments in its portfolio. Although the Company intends to be a long-term investor, the Directors will place 
no minimum or maximum limit on the length of time that any investment may be held. 

There is no limit on the number of projects into which the Company may invest, or on the proportion of the 
Company’s  gross  assets  that  any  investment  may  represent  at  any  time,  and  the  Company  will  consider 
possible opportunities anywhere in the world. 

The Directors may offer new ordinary shares in the capital of the Company by way of consideration as well as 
cash, thereby helping to preserve the Company’s cash for working capital and as a reserve against unforeseen 
contingencies  including,  by  way  of  example  and  without  limit,  delays  in  collecting  accounts  receivable, 
unexpected changes in the economic environment and unforeseen operational problems. The Company may, 
in appropriate circumstances, issue debt securities or otherwise borrow money to complete an investment. 
There are no borrowing limits in the Articles of Association of the Company. The Directors do not intend to 
acquire any cross-holdings in other corporate entities that have an interest in the ordinary shares. 

GOING CONCERN 

The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the period ending 30 June 2022 which take account of the 
current cost and operational structure of the Company.  

The cost structure of the Company comprises a high proportion of discretionary spend and therefore in the 
event that cash flows become constrained, costs can be quickly reduced to enable the Company to operate 
within its available funding. 

These forecasts demonstrate that the Company has sufficient cash funds available to allow it to continue in 
business  for  a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements.  
Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. 

It is the prime responsibility of the Board to ensure the Company remains a going concern. At 31 December 
2020 the Company had cash and cash equivalents of £596,000, current financial assets of £13,761,000 and 
borrowings of £219,000, which has been repaid since the year end. The Company has minimal contractual 
expenditure  commitments  and  the  Board  considers  the  present  funds  sufficient  to  maintain  the  working 
capital of the Company for a period of at least 12 months from the date of signing the Annual Report and 
Financial Statements. For these reasons the Directors adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of the 
Financial Statements. 

STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH IFRS 

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except for the 
measurement to fair value of financial assets as described in the accounting policy below,  and the financial 
statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as 
adopted by the European Union and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 
The principal accounting policies adopted by the Company are set out below. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

OTHER INCOME 

Other income represents the total value, excluding VAT of ad-income charged by the company to third parties 
for temporary use of office facilities, which is outside the scope of IFRS 15 as this income is not the Company’s 
main form of income.  

TAXATION 

Current income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, fiscal authorities 
relating to the current or prior reporting period, that are unpaid at the balance sheet date. They are calculated 
according to  the  tax  rates and  tax  laws  applicable  to  the  fiscal  periods to which  they  relate,  based on  the 
taxable result for the period. All changes to current tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of 
tax expense in the income statement. 

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences. This involves the 
comparison of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements with their 
respective tax bases. In addition, tax losses available to be carried forward as well as other income tax credits 
to the Company are assessed for recognition as deferred tax assets. 

Deferred tax liabilities are always provided for in full. Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it 
is probable that they will be able to be offset against future taxable income. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
are  calculated,  without  discounting,  at  tax  rates  that  are  expected  to  apply  to  their  respective  period  of 
realisation, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

Most changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax expense in the income 
statement.  Only  changes  in  deferred  tax  assets  or  liabilities  that  relate  to  a  change  in  value  of  assets  or 
liabilities that is charged directly to equity are charged or credited directly to equity. 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

The  Company's  financial  assets  include  cash,  other  receivables  and  financial  assets.  Except  for those  trade 
receivables that do not contain a significant financing component and are measured at the transaction price 
in accordance with IFRS 15, all financial assets are initially measured at fair value adjusted for transaction costs 
(where applicable). 

Financial assets, other than those designated and effective as hedging instruments, are classified 
into the following categories: 
• amortised cost 
• fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) 
• fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). 

In the periods presented the corporation does not have any financial assets categorised as FVOCI. 

The classification is determined by both: 
• the entity’s business model for managing the financial asset 
• the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. 

All income and expenses relating to financial assets that are recognised in profit or loss are  presented within 
finance costs, finance income or other financial items, except for impairment of trade receivables which is 
presented within other expenses. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

FINANCIAL ASSETS (CONTINUED) 

Subsequent measurement of financial assets 

Financial assets at amortised cost 

Financial  assets  are  measured  at  amortised  cost  if  the  assets  meet  the  following  conditions  (and  are  not 
designated as FVTPL): 
•  they  are  held  within  a  business  model  whose  objective  is  to  hold  the  financial  assets  and  collect  its 
contractual cash flows 
• the contractual terms of the financial assets give rise to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and 
interest on the principal amount outstanding 

After initial recognition, these are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting 
is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, trade and 
most other receivables fall into this category of financial instruments. 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) 

Financial assets that are held within a different business model other than ‘hold to collect’ or ‘hold to collect 
and sell’ are categorised at fair value through profit and loss. Further, irrespective of business model financial 
assets whose contractual cash flows are not solely payments of principal and interest are accounted for at 
FVTPL. All derivative financial instruments fall into this category, except for those designated and effective as 
hedging instruments, for which the hedge accounting requirements would apply. 

Assets in this category are measured at fair value with gains or losses recognised in profit or loss. The fair 
values of financial assets in this category are determined by reference to active market transactions or using 
a valuation technique where no active market exists. 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Company considers trade and other receivables individually in accounting for trade and other receivables 
as well as contract  assets and records the  loss allowance  as lifetime  expected credit  losses. These  are the 
expected shortfalls in contractual cash flows, considering the potential for default at any point during the life 
of the financial instrument. In calculating, the Company uses its historical experience, external indicators and 
forward-looking information to calculate the expected credit losses using a provision matrix. 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 

IFRS 13 establishes a single source of guidance for all fair value measurements. IFRS 13 does not change when 
an entity is required to use fair value, but rather provides guidance on how to measure fair value under IFRS 
when fair value is required or permitted. The resulting calculations under IFRS 13 affected the principles that 
the Company uses to assess the fair value, but the assessment of fair value under IFRS 13 has not materially 
changed the fair values recognised or disclosed. IFRS 13 mainly impacts the disclosures of the Company. It 
requires  specific  disclosures  about  fair  value  measurements  and  disclosures  of  fair  values,  some  of  which 
replace existing disclosure requirements in other standards 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS 

Non-derivative  financial  assets  comprising  the  Company’s  strategic  financial  investments  in  entities  not 
qualifying as subsidiaries, associates or jointly controlled entities. These assets are classified as financial assets 
at fair value through profit or loss. They are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognised through 
the  income  statement.  Where  there  is  a  significant  or  prolonged  decline  in  the  fair  value  of  a  financial 
investment  (which  constitutes  objective  evidence  of  impairment),  the  full  amount  of  the  impairment  is 
recognised in the income statement.  

Due to the nature of these assets being unlisted investments or held for the longer term, the investment period 
is likely to be greater than 12 months and therefore these financial assets are shown as non-current assets in 
the Statement of financial position. Listed investments are valued at closing bid price on 31 December 2020. 
For  measurement  purposes,  financial  investments  are  designated  at  fair  value  through  income  statement. 
Gains and losses on the realisation of financial investments are recognised in the income statement for the 
period. The difference between the market value of financial instruments and book value to the Company is 
shown as a gain or loss in the income statement for the period.  

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand, bank deposits repayable on demand, and other 
short term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are 
subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, less advances from banks repayable within three months 
from the date of advance if the advance forms part of the Company's cash management. 

EQUITY 

Share capital is determined using the nominal value of shares that have been issued. 

The  share  premium  account  represents  premiums  received  on  the  initial  issuing  of  the  share  capital.   Any 
transaction costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from share premium, net of any related 
income tax benefits. 

The share based payment reserve represents the cumulative amount which has been expensed in the income 
statement in connection with share based payments, less any amounts transferred to retained earnings on 
the exercise of share options.  

The equity loan and exchange reserve represents the equity component of the issued convertible loan notes, 
and currency translation movements in foreign exchange. 

Retained  earnings  include  all  current  and  prior  period,  as  adjusted  for  prior  year  adjustments,  results  as 
disclosed in the income statement. 

OPERATING LEASES 

The Company does not have any leases within the scope of IFRS 16 in the current year. In the prior year the 
Company had a short term lease which subsequently expired.  

Payments,  including  prepayments, made  under  operating  leases    (net  of  any  incentives  received  from  the 
lessor) are charged to the statement of comprehensive income on a straight-line basis over the period of the 
lease. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

FOREIGN CURRENCIES 

The financial statements are presented in Sterling, which is also the functional currency of the Company. 

In the individual financial statements of the consolidated entities, foreign currency transactions are translated 
into the functional currency of the individual entity using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions.  Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from 
the translation of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at year-end exchange rates 
are recognised in profit or loss. 

In  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  financial  statements  of  subsidiaries,  originally  presented  in  a 
functional currency, have been translated into Sterling.  Assets and liabilities have been translated into Sterling 
at the exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date.  Profit and losses have been translated at an average 
monthly rate for the period. Any differences arising from this procedure are taken to the foreign exchange 
reserve.  Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity have been treated 
as assets and liabilities to the foreign entity and translated into Sterling at the closing rates. 

SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

The Company issues equity-settled share-based payments to certain employees (including directors). Equity-
settled share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value determined at the 
grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting 
period, together with a corresponding increase in equity, based upon the Company's estimate of the shares 
that will eventually vest. 

Fair value is measured using the Black-Scholes model. The expected life used in the model has been adjusted, 
based  on  management's  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions  and 
behavioural considerations. 

The expense is allocated over the vesting period, based on the best available estimate of the number of share 
options expected to vest. Non-market vesting conditions are included in assumptions about the number of 
options that are expected to become exercisable. Estimates are subsequently revised, if there is any indication 
that the number of share options expected to vest differs from previous estimates. 

No adjustment is made to the expense or share issue cost recognised in prior periods if fewer share options 
are, ultimately exercised than originally estimated. Upon exercise of share options, the proceeds received net 
of any directly attributable transaction costs up to the nominal value of shares issued are allocated to share 
capital with any excess being recorded as share premium. 

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

The Company’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables.  Financial liabilities are obligations to pay 
cash  or  other  financial  assets  and  are  recognised  when  the  Company  becomes  a  party  to  the  contractual 
provisions of the instrument. 

All  financial  liabilities  are  recognised  initially  at  fair  value,  net  of  direct  issue  costs,  and  are  subsequently 
recorded at amortised cost using the effective interest method with interest related charges recognised as an 
expense in the income statement. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

Significant judgments and estimates 
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of 
the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenditure during the reported period. 
The estimates and associated judgments are based on historical experience and various other factors that are 
believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgments 
about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. 

• 

• 

• 

The estimates and underlying judgments are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting 
estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that 
period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and 
future periods. 

In the preparation of these consolidated financial statements, estimates and judgments have been 
made by management concerning calculating the fair values of the assets acquired on business 
combinations, and the assumptions used in the calculation of the fair value of the share options. 
Actual amounts could differ from those estimates. 

Management has made the following estimates that have the most significant effect on the amounts 
recognised in the financial statements. 

Unlisted investments  
The Company is required to make judgments over the carrying value of investments in unquoted companies 
where  fair  values  cannot  be  readily  established  and  evaluate  the  size  of  any  impairment  required.  It  is 
important  to  recognise  that  the  carrying  value  of  such  investments  cannot  always  be  substantiated  by 
comparison with independent markets and, in many cases, may not be capable of being realised immediately. 
Management’s significant judgement in this regard is that the value of their investment represents their cost 
less  previous  impairment.  Further  details  relating  to  management’s  assessment  of  the  carrying  value  of 
unlisted investments can be found in the Chairman’s Report. 

Share-based payments 
The Company measures the cost of the equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair 
value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. The charge for the period ended 31 
December  2020 of £57,000  (2019:  £1,000)  is  determined  using  a  Black-Scholes  Valuation model,  using  the 
assumptions detailed in note 11. 

ADOPTION OF NEW OR AMENDED IFRS 

New standards, amendments and interpretations adopted by the Company  

The company has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time for its annual reporting 
period commencing 1 January 2020:  

•  Definition of Material – Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8;  
•  Definition of a Business – Amendments to IFRS 3;  
• 
•  Revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting; 

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Amendments to IFRS 9 , IAS 39 and IFRS 7; 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

ADOPTION OF NEW OR AMENDED IFRS (CONTINUED) 

•  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 Cycle; and COVID-19 related rent concessions – 

amendments to IFRS 16  

Other than the treatment of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IFRS 9, the 
adoption of the above has not had any material impact on the disclosures or amounts reported in the financial 
statements.  

New standards, amendments and interpretations not yet adopted  

There are no IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have a material 
impact on the Company.  

Sources of Estimation and Key Judgements  

The  preparation  of  the  Financial  Statements  requires  the  Company  to  make  estimates,  judgements  and 
assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses  and  related 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The Directors base their estimates on historic experience and 
various other assumptions that they believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form 
the basis of making judgements about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent 
from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.  

Segment reporting  

Segmental  analysis  is  not  applicable  as  there  is  only  one  operating  segment  of  the  continuing  business  – 
investment activities 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.  PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION AND SEGMENTAL INFORMATION 

Profit before taxation - continuing operations 

The loss before taxation is attributable to the principal activities of the Company.   

The loss before taxation is stated after charging: 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 

£'000 

Year ended 31 
December 2019 
(restated) 
£'000 

57 

- 

383 

164 

28 

- 

1 

446 

418 

211 

18 

- 

Share based payment charge 

Impairment of financial investments 

Directors’ fees and consulting (see note 2) 

Operating lease rentals: land and buildings 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the financial 
statements 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for other 
services: 
Other services relating to taxation compliance 

Segment reporting 

The  Company operates  a single  primary  activity  to  invest  in  businesses  so  as  to  generate  a  return  for the 
shareholders. 

Unrealised profit on financial investments 

Realised profit/(loss) on financial investments 

Other income 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 

£'000 

Year ended 31 
December 2019 
(restated) 
£'000 

10,252  

65  

54  

10,371  

230  

(91) 

10  

149  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

2.  EMPLOYEE REMUNERATION 

Employee benefits expense  

The expense recognised for employee benefits, including Directors’ emoluments, is analysed below: 

Wages, salaries and consulting fees 

Bonus payments 

Employers NI 

Shares awarded 

Share based payments 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2019 
£'000 

475 

180 

48 

55 

- 
758 

478 

- 

30 

- 

1 

509 

The average number of employees (including directors) employed by the Company during the period was: 

Directors 

Other 

2020 

No. 

4 

2 

6 

2019 

No. 

4 

1 

5 

Included within the above are amounts in respect of Directors, who are considered to be the key management 
personnel, as follows: 

Wages, salaries and consulting fees 

Bonus payments 

Shares awarded 

Share based payments 

Year ended 
31 December 
2020 
£'000 

Year ended 
31 December 
2019 
£'000 

383 

180 

55 

- 
619 

418 

- 
- 

1 
419 

Details of Directors' emoluments are included in the Report on Remuneration on pages 30 to 32. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

3.  FINANCE INCOME & COSTS 

Loan interest received 

Loan interest 
Finance Fees 

4.  TAXATION  

Year ended 31 
December 2020 
£'000 

Year ended 31 
December 2019 
£'000 

6 
6 

220 
220 

Year ended 31 
December 2020 
£'000 

Year ended 31 
December 2019 
£'000 

296 
2 
298 

220 
161 
381 

The tax assessed for the period differs from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK as follows: 

Year ended  

31 December 
2020 

2020 

£'000 

% 

Year ended  
31 December 
2019 
(restated) 
£'000 

2019 

% 

(Loss)/profit before taxation 

7,823 

(2,193) 

(Loss)/profit multiplied by standard rate 
of corporation tax in the UK 

Effect of: 
Deferred tax asset not recognised 
Income not taxable 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Total tax charge for year 

1,486 

19 

(417) 

19 

445 
(1,948) 
17 
- 

437 
(97) 
77 
- 

The Company has tax losses in the UK, subject to Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs approval, available for 
offset against future operating profits.  The Company has not recognised any deferred tax asset in respect of 
these losses, due to there being insufficient certainty regarding its recovery. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

5.  EARNINGS PER SHARE 

The calculation of the basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the consolidated profit attributable to 
the equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the 
period. 

(Loss)/profit attributable to owners of the Company 

Weighted average number of shares for calculating basic earnings 
per share 
Share options and warrants exercisable 
Weighted average number of shares for calculating diluted 
earnings per share 

Basic earnings per share 

Diluted earnings per share 

Year ended  
31 December 
2020 
£’000 

7,823 

2020 

Number 

Year ended  

31 December 2019 

£’000 

(1,938) 

2019 

Number 

116,675,272 

89,273,886 

1,698,405 

118,373,677 

2020 

Pence 

6.705 

6.609 

n/a 

n/a 

2019 

Pence 

(2.171) 

n/a 

The impact of the share options are considered anti-dilutive when the Company’s result for a period is a loss.  

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

6.  FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss: 

£'000 

Level 1 

£'000 

Level 2 

£'000 

Level 3 

£'000 

Total 

Fair value at 31 December 2017 

Additions 

Fair value changes 

(Loss)/Gains on disposals 

Disposal 

Fair value at 31 December 2018 

Additions 

Fair value changes 

(Loss)/Gains on disposals 

Disposal 

Impairment provision 

Fair value at 31 December 2019 (restated) 

Additions 

Fair value changes 

(Loss)/Gains on disposals 

Disposal 

Fair value at 31 December 2020 

Gains on investments held at fair value through profit 
or loss  
Fair value gain on investments 

Realised gain on disposal of investments 
Net gain on investments held at fair value through 
profit or loss  

24,281 

573 

(13,568) 

(1,967) 

(1,755) 

7,564 

- 

230 

(91) 

(2,257) 

- 

5,446 

50 

10,252 

65 

(2,052) 

13,761 

10,252 

65 

10,317 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

906 

325 

- 

- 

- 

1,231 

1,138 

- 

- 

- 

(129) 

2,240 

645 

- 

- 

- 

2,885 

25,187 

898 

(13,568) 

(1,967) 

(1,755) 

8,795 

1,138 

230 

(91) 

(2,257) 

(129) 

7,686 

695 

10,252 

65 

(2,052) 

16,646 

- 

- 

- 

10,252 

65 

10,317 

Level 1 represents those assets, which are measured using unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets.  
Level 2 applies inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets either directly (as prices) or 
indirectly (derived from prices).  

Level 3 applies inputs, which are not based on observable market data.  

Level 1 assets comprise  investments in listed securities  which are traded on stock markets throughout the 
world, and are held by the Company as a mix of strategic and short term investments. These are classified as 
current assets by virtue of their liquidity. The listed investments have been valued at bid price, as quoted on 
their  respective  Stock  Exchanges,  at  31  December  2020.  During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  the 
company disposed of a variety of its shareholdings.  

Level  3  assets  comprise  of  investment  in  exploration  costs  where  licences  are  not  100%  owned  by  the 
Company,  and  investments  in  other  companies.  The  Directors  carried  out  an  impairment  review  as  at  31 
December 2020, and determined that no impairment was necessary. a The remainder of the exploration costs 
capitalised in respect of Argentina of £129,000 were fully impaired in the year ended 31 December 2019.  

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

6.  FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS CONTINUED 

The investment in Argentina was impaired by £129,000 in the year ended 31 December 2019. During 2020, 
£645,000 was invested in exploration costs by the Company (2019: £663,000). The Company paid £400,000 in 
shares  and  £75,000  in  cash  during  the  year  ended  31  December  2019,  in  addition  to  the  investment  of 
£100,000 in 2018, and in total has acquired a 25.875% interest in both Lithium Supplies PTY Ltd and Lithium 
Technologies PTY Ltd.  

7.  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

Current 

Trade receivables 

Other receivables 

Amounts owed by subsidiaries 

Prepayments and accrued income 

31 December 2020 

£'000 

1402 

3,883 

80 

5,365 

31 December 
2019 (restated) 
£'000 

31 December 
2018 (restated) 
£'000 

2133 

3,883 

128 

6,144 

43 

154 

4,200 

118 

4,515 

There is no impairment of receivables and no amounts are past due at 31 December 2020 or 31 December 
2019.  

The fair value of these financial assets is not individually determined as the carrying amount is a reasonable 
approximation of fair value. 

8.  TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Trade payables 

Tax and social security 

Other payables 

Accruals and deferred income 

31 December 2020 

£'000 

171 

16 

- 

108 

295 

31 December 
2019 
£'000 

31 December 
2018 
£'000 

232 

45 

5 

61 

343 

78 

- 

- 

145 

223 

The fair value of trade and other payables has not been disclosed as, due to their short duration, management 
considers the carrying amounts recognised in the balance sheet to be a reasonable approximation of their fair 
value. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

9.  BORROWINGS 

Current liabilities 

Loan Notes 

Interest accrued 

31 December 2020 

£'000 

210 

9 

219 

31 December 
2019 
£'000 

31 December 
2018 
£'000 

2,973 

9 

2,982 

3,672 

34 

3,706 

During the year ended 31 December 2018, one Loan Note was repaid in full and new loans were entered into 
in September 2018 totalling £3,713,000 (USD$4,875,000) to repay  a second Loan Note and future interest 
payments. The new loans carry an interest rate of 12% and had a principle repayment holiday until 1 January 
2019. After which the loans will be repaid via 12 equal monthly instalments with both the principle and interest 
being fully repaid by 1 December 2019. The loans are secured over the Company’s assets. The loan notes are 
only convertible should the Company  default on repayments, in which case the lendor can opt to convert the 
outstanding balance at 85% of the WWAV for the 15 working days prior to the conversion.  

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2019,  £2,089,000  (USD$2,677,000)  of  loans  were  repaid  including 
interest of £146,000 (USD$186,000) and foreign exchange of (£1,000) was recognised, leaving a balance of 
£1,762,000 (USD$2,229,000). On 15 July 2019,  the Company announced it had completed the restructure of 
two of the three outstanding loan notes with the same consortium of institutional lenders. The two new loan 
notes repaid US$1.19 million of the Amortising Loan Note and have been restructured as a convertible loan 
note with an exercise price of 0.12 pence (12 pence post share consolidation) and will attract an effective 
annual interest rate of 7.9% ("Convertible Loan Note"). Cadence would initially only pay the interest on the 
Convertible Loan Note until the 1 January 2020, after which 50% of the outstanding balance will be paid back 
over 8 months (1 August 2020). The outstanding 50% will be paid back on 1 September 2020. 

In addition, and to, in part, fund the working capital requirements of the Amapá Project, Cadence drew down 
a  further  US$  1.25 million  of  the  Convertible  Loan  Note  under  the  same  terms.  After  this  draw  down the 
outstanding  balance  on  the  Convertible  Loan  Note  was  US$2.44  million.  The  note  is  secured  over  the 
Company's assets. 

On 19 July 2019, the Company also agreed to restructure the remaining loan note as a convertible loan note 
with an exercise price of 0.12 pence, amended to 12p post the share consolidation, ("Convertible Loan Note").  
The new loan note repaid $1,041,000 of the Amortising Loan Note and a further $500,000 was drawn down. 
Additionally on 26 November 2019 a further $200,000 was drawn down. 

Of the new  loan notes, £235,000 (USD$289,000) interest and finance  charges were charged in the period, 
£429,000 (USD$499,000) was repaid and (£139,000) foreign exchange was recognised. 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020,    £296,000  (USD$379,000)  interest  and  finance  charges  were 
charged in the period, £2,416,000 (USD$3,123,000) was repaid, £695,000 (USD$889,000) was converted into 
ordinary shares in the Company and £52,000 of foreign exchange was recognised. 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

10. SHARE CAPITAL 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

31 December 2018 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

Allotted, issued and fully paid 

173,619,050 deferred shares of 0.24p 

417 

417 

417 

148,009,008 ordinary shares of 1p (31 
December 2019: 105,461,968 ordinary 
shares of 1p, 31 December 2018: 
7,851,440,338 ordinary shares of 0.01p) 

Allotted and issued  

At 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018 

Issue of shares during the year 

Share consolidation 

At 31 December 2019 

Issue of shares during the year 

At 31 December 2020 

1,479 
1,896 

1,054 
1,471 

785 
1,202 

Ordinary shares 

No. 

7,851,440,338 

2,694,756,406 

(10,440,734,776) 
105,461,968 

42,547,120 

148,009,088 

£'000 

785 

269 

- 

1,054 

425 

1,479 

During the year ended 31 December 2020 the following shares were issued: On 7 May 2020, 10,749,998 shares 
were issued for gross proceeds of £645,000 and 3,995,000 shares were issued in respect of a loan conversion 
of £239,700. On 5 June 2020 1,835,706 shares were issued in respect of a loan conversion of £174,392. On 8 
June 2020 7,222,219 shares were issued for gross proceeds of £650,000. On 21 August 2020 537,500 shares 
were issued on exercise of warrants for proceeds of £32,250. On 26 August 2020, 10,416,662 shares were 
issued for gross proceeds of £1,250,000. On 16 November 2020, 200,000 shares were issued on exercise of 
options for proceeds of £12,000, and 4,300,000 shares were issued to the trust for proceeds of £43,000. On 
19  November  2020,  888,420  shares  were  issued  on  exercise  of  warrants  for  proceeds  of  £90,504,  and 
2,341,625 shares were issued in respect of a loan conversion of £280,995.  

During the year ended 31 December 2019 the following shares were issued: On 26 March 2019, 866,666,663 
shares were issued for gross proceeds of £1,300,000. On 17 April 2019, 373,544,298 shares were issued in 
respection of the acquisition of the interests in Lithium Technology PTY Ltd and Lithium Supplies PTY Ltd. On 
27 June 2019, 1,454,545,445 shares were issued for gross proceeds of £1,600,000. During the year ended 31 
December 2018, no shares were issued.  

The deferred shares have no voting rights and are not eligible for dividends. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

11. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS 

Share Options 
The  Company  operates  share  option  schemes  for  certain  employees  (including  directors).    Options  are 
exercisable at the option price agreed at the date of grant.  The options are settled in equity once exercised.  
The expected life of the options varies between 1 and 6 years.  All options issued in the prior years vested 
immediately,  with  no  vesting  requirements.  .  The  options  which  were  issued  during  the  year  ended  31 
December  2017  have  vesting  conditions  attached  thereto,  and  these  are  detailed  on  the  subsequent 
disclosures  within  this  note.    No  options  were  issued  during  the  years  ended  31  December  2020  or  31 
December 2019. 

Details of the number of share options and the weighted average exercise price (WAEP) outstanding during 
the period are as follows: 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

Number 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 

2,800,000 

Lapsed 

Exercised 

Outstanding at the end of the year 

Exercisable at year end 

(2,500,000) 

(200,000) 
100,000 

100,000 

WAEP 

£ 

0.437 

(0.0600) 

(0.0600) 
0.060 

Number 

5,125,706 

(2,325,706) 

- 
2,800,000 

2,800,000 

WAEP 

£ 

0.457 

- 

- 

0.437 

The share options outstanding at the end of the period have a weighted average remaining contractual life 
of Nil years (31 December 2019: 0.97 years) and have the following exercise prices and fair values at the date 
of grant: 

First exercise date 
(when vesting 
conditions are met)  

Grant date 

Exercise 
price 

Fair value 

31 December 
2020 

31 December 
2019 

£ 

£ 

Number 

Number 

28 January 2013 

28 January 2010 

13 December 2012 

13 December 2012 

28 June 2013 

21 May 2014 

23 May 2014 

28 June 2013 

21 May 2014 

23 May 2014 

0.06 

0.06 

0.06 

0.48 

0.58 

0.0004 

0.00055 

0.000371 

0.004711 

0.005574 

100,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

100,000 

100,000 

200,000 

100,000 

2,000,000 

400,000 

2,800,000 

At 31 December 2020 100,000 options were exercisable (31 December 2019: 2,800,000). 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

11. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS (CONTINUED) 

For those options and warrants granted where IFRS 2 “Share-Based Payment” is applicable, the fair values 
were  calculated  using  the  Black-Scholes  model.    The  inputs  into  the  model  for  share  based  payments 
recognised in the current and prior year were as follows: 

29 August 2017 

Risk free rate 

n/a 

Share price 
volatility 
n/a 

Expected life 

18 months 

Share price at 
date of grant 
£0.00415 

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Company’s share price for 12 
months  prior  to  the  date  of  grant.    The  expected  life  used  in  the  model  has  been  adjusted,  based  on 
management’s  best  estimate,  for  the  effects  of  non-transferability,  exercise  restrictions  and  behavioural 
considerations. 

The options granted on 29 August 2017, had a zero exercise price and therefore the value was the share price 
at the time of issue of 41.5p, irrespective of the interest rate and volatility. 

Warrants 

Details of the number of warrants and the weighted average exercise price (WAEP) outstanding during the 
period are as follows: 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 

Issued 

Exercised 

Outstanding at the end of the year 

Exercisable at year end 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

Number 

- 

3,024,325 

(1,425,920) 
1,598,405 

1,598,405 

WAEP 

£ 

- 

0.10056 

(0.86088) 
0.11348 

Number 

- 

- 
- 

- 

WAEP 

£ 

- 

- 
- 

The warrants outstanding at the end of the period have a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.98 
years (31 December 2019: Nil years) and have the following exercise prices and fair values at the date of grant: 

First exercise date 
(when vesting 
conditions are met)  

Grant date 

Exercise price 

31 December 
2020 

31 December  
2019 

£ 

Number 

Number 

01 January 2020 

01 January 2020 

01 January 2020 

06 May 2020 

10 June 2020 

01 January 2020 

01 January 2020 

01 January 2020 

06 May 2020 

10 June 2020 

20 August 2020 

20 August 2020 

0.15 

0.11 

0.085 

0.06 

0.09 

0.12 

435,905 

- 

600,000 

41,667 

- 

520,833 

1,598,405 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

11. SHARE BASED PAYMENTS (CONTINUED) 

The Company therefore recognised total expenses of 57,000 (year ended 31 December 2019: £1,000) relating 
to equity-settled share-based payment transactions during the period. 

12. CONTINGENT LIABILITIES 

There were no contingent liabilities at 31 December 2020 or 31 December 2019 or 31 December 2018. 

13. CAPITAL COMMITMENTS 

There were no capital commitments at 31 December 2020 or 31 December 2019 or 31 December 2018. 

14. LEASE COMMITMENTS 

There were the following commitments under non-cancellable operating leases. 

Amounts due within one year 

Amounts due within two to five years 

31 December 2020 

£'000 

- 

- 
- 

  31 December 2019 
£'000 

66 

- 
66 

The Company has taken advantage of the break clause in the lease which ended on the 20th July 2020. 

15. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The  Company  is  exposed  to  a  variety  of  financial  risks  which  result  from  both  its  operating  and  investing 
activities.  The Board is responsible for co-ordinating the Company's risk management and focuses on actively 
securing the Company's short to medium term cash flows.  Long term financial investments are managed to 
generate lasting returns. 

The Company has purchased shares in Companies which are listed on public trading exchanges such as the LSE, 
TSX and ASX, and these shares are held as an available-for-sale asset. The most significant risks to which the 
Company is exposed are described below: 

a  Credit risk 

The Company's credit risk will be primarily attributable to its trade receivables.  At 31 December 2019, the 
Company had minimal trade receivables and therefore minimal risk arises. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

15.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED) 

Generally, the Company’s maximum exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of the financial 
assets recognised at the balance sheet date, as summarised below: 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 (restated) 

Investments  
(carried at 
fair value) 

Loans and 
receivables 
(carried at 
amortised 
cost) 

Derivative 
financial 
assets 

Statement 
of 
Financial 
position 
total 

Investments  
(carried at 
fair value) 

Loans and 
receivables 
(carried at 
amortised 
cost) 

Derivative 
financial 
assets 

Statement 
of 
financial 
position 
total 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

£’000 

Investments  
(carried at 
fair value) 
Other long 
term 
financial 
assets 
Other 
receivables 
Amounts 
owed by 
subsidiaries 
Prepayments 
and accrued 
income 
Cash and 
cash 
equivalents 
Total 

13,761 

2,885 

- 

- 

- 

1,402 

3,883 

80 

596 

- 

- 

16,646 

5,961 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

13,761 

1,121 

2,885 

2,240 

1,402 

3,883 

80 

596 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,133 

3,883 

128 

481 

22,607 

3,361 

6,625 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,121 

2,240 

2,133 

3,883 

128 

481 

9,986 

31 December 2018 (restated) 

Loans and 
receivables 
(carried at 
amortised 
cost) 
£’000 

Derivative 
financial 
assets 

Statement of 
Financial 
position total 

£’000 

£’000 

- 

- 

197 

4,200 

118 

468 

4,983 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,564 

1,231 

197 

4,200 

118 

468 

13,778 

Investments  
(carried at 
fair value) 

£’000 

7,564 

1,231 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8,795 

Investments  (carried at fair value) 

Other long term financial assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Amounts owed by subsidiaries 

Prepayments and accrued income 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total 

Financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, grouped into Levels 1 
to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable: 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

15.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED) 

•  Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for 

identical assets or liabilities;   

•  Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within 
Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived 
from prices); and 

•  Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the 

asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). 

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy.  
In such cases, an investment’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is 
significant to the fair value measurement.  Management’s assessment of the significance of a particular input 
to  the  fair  value  measurement  in  its  entirety  requires  judgement,  and  considers  factors  specific  to  the 
investment. 

Investments 
The Company’s investment in shares in Listed Companies are included as an financial investment and has 
been classified as Level 1, as market prices are available and the market is considered an active, liquid 
market.  

The Company’s investment in exploration costs where licences are not 100% owned by the Company, and 
investments in other companies are classified as non-current Level 3.  

The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the Company only places deposits with leading financial 
institutions in the United Kingdom. 

a  Liquidity risk 

The Company seeks to manage financial risk by ensuring sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable 
needs and to invest cash assets safely and profitably.  The Directors prepare rolling cash flow forecasts and 
seek to raise additional equity funding whenever a shortfall in funding is forecast.  Details of the going 
concern basis of preparing the financial statements are included in the principal accounting policies. 

b  Market risk 

The amount and quality of minerals available and the related costs of extraction and production represent a 
significant risk to the Company. The Company is exposed to fluctuating commodity prices in respect of the 
underlying assets. The Company seeks to manage this risk by carrying out appropriate due diligence in respect 
of the projects in which it invests. 

The Company is exposed to the volatility of the stock markets around the world, on which it holds shares in 
various  listed  entities,  and  the  fluctuation  of  share  prices  of  these  underlying  companies.  The  Company 
manages this risk through constant monitoring of its investments share prices and news information, but does 
not hedge against these investments. 

c 

Interest rate risk 

The Company only has borrowings at fixed coupon rates and therefore minimal interest rate risk, as this is 
deemed its only material exposure thereto. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

15.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED) 

d  Foreign exchange risk 

The Company had borrowings of £219,000 which are denominated is US dollars. This has been repaid since 
the year end. The Company operates foreign currency bank accounts to help mitigate the foreign currency 
risk.  

e  Financial liabilities 

The Company's financial liabilities are classified as follows: 

31 December 2020 

31 December 2019 

Other 
financial 
liabilities 
at 
amortised 
cost 
£'000 

Liabilities 
not within 
the scope 
of IAS 39 

Total 

£'000 

£'000 

Trade payables 
Accruals and 
deferred income 
Other payables 

Borrowings 

Total 

171 

- 

16 

219 

406 

- 

108 

- 

- 

108 

171 

108 

16 

219 

514 

Other 
financial 
liabilities 
at 
amortised 
cost 
£'000 

232 

- 

50 

2,982 

3,264 

Other financial 
liabilities at 
amortised cost 

£'000 

78 
- 
- 

3,706 

3,784 

31 December 2018 
Liabilities not 
within the 
scope of IAS 
39 
£'000 

- 
145 
- 

- 

145 

Trade payables 
Accruals and deferred income 
Other payables 

Borrowings 

Total 

Maturity of financial liabilities 

Liabilities 
not within 
the scope 
of IAS 39 

Total 

£'000 

£'000 

- 

61 

- 

- 

61 

232 

61 

50 

2,982 

3,325 

Total 

£'000 

78 
145 
- 

3706 

3,929 

All financial liabilities at 31 December 2020, 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018 mature in less than 
one year. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

15.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (CONTINUED) 

Borrowing facilities for the period ended 31 December 2020 

The  Company  has  committed  borrowing  facilities  at  31  December  2020  of  £219,000  (31  December  2019: 
£2,982,000, 31 December 2018: £3,706,000). See Note 9 for details. 

The Company had no committed undrawn facilities at 31 December 2020, 31 December 2019 or 31 
December 2018. 

f  Capital risk management 

The Company's objectives when managing capital are: 

- 

- 
- 

to safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, so that it continues to provide returns 
and benefits for the shareholders; 
to support the Company's stability and growth; and 
to provide capital for the purpose of strengthening the Company's risk management capability. 

The Company actively and regularly reviews and manages its capital structure, to ensure an optimal capital 
structure, and equity holder returns, taking into consideration the future capital requirements of the Company 
and capital efficiency, prevailing and projected profitability, projected operating cash flows, projected capital 
expenditures and projected strategic investment opportunities. Management regards total equity as capital 
and reserves, for capital management purposes. 

16. RECONCILIATION OF LIABILITIES ARISING FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

1 January 2020 

Cash-flows: 

- Interest charged 

- Realised foreign exchange 

- Repayments 

Non-cash: 

- Loans converted 

- Unrealised Foreign exchange movement 

31 December 2020 

Short-term 
borrowings 

2,982 

296 

39 

(2,416) 

(695) 

13 

219 

Total 

2,982 

296 

39 

(2,416) 

(695) 

13 

219 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

16.  RECONCILIATION OF LIABILITIES ARISING FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (CONTINUED) 

1 January 2019 

Cash-flows: 

- Proceeds 

- Interest charged 

- Realised foreign exchange 

- Repayments 

Non-cash: 

- Unrealised Foreign exchange movement 

31 December 2019 

1 January 2018 

Cash-flows: 

- Proceeds 

- Interest charged 

- Realised foreign exchange 

- Repayments 

Non-cash: 

- Loans converted 

- Transfer from equity 

- Transfer to equity 

- Unrealised Foreign exchange movement 

31 December 2018 

17. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

There are no related party transactions to disclose.  

Short-term 
borrowings 

3,706 

1,715 

220 

(2) 

(2,518) 

(139) 

2,982 

Short-term 
borrowings 

4,182 

3,713 

220 

97 

(5,034) 

- 

412 

- 

116 

3,706 

Total 

3,706 

1,715 

220 

(2) 

(2,518) 

(139) 

2,982 

Total 

4,182 

3,713 

220 

97 

(5,034) 

- 

412 

- 

116 

3,706 

Key  Management  Personnel  are  considered  to  be  the  Company  Directors  only,  and  their  fees  and 
remuneration are disclosed in the Directors Remuneration on pages 30 to 32, and within Note 2 to the financial 
statements.  

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

18. EVENTS AFTER THE END OF THE REPORTING PERIOD 

On 3 January 2021, the Company issued 100,000 ordinary shares in respect of the option exercise announced 
on 23 December 2020.  

On 12 January 2021, the Company announced that 300,000 ordinary  shares  had been issued in respect of 
warrants exercised at 8.5p. 

On  23  April  2021,  the  Company  announced  that  300,000  ordinary  shares  had  been  issued  in  respect  of 
warrants exercised at 8.5p. 

On 30 April 2021, the Company announced that 7,200,000 options had been issued to directors at an exercise 
price of 23.75p. 

Following  these  share  issues,  the  Company  has  148,649,098  Ordinary  shares of  1  pence  each  in  issue.  No 
ordinary shares are held in treasury. The figure of 148,649.098 Ordinary shares may be used by the Company's 
shareholders as the  denominator for the  calculations by which they will determine  if they are required to 
notify their interest in, or a change to their interest in, the Company under the Financial Conduct Authority's 
Disclosure and Transparency Rule. 

19. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY 

In the opinion of the directors there is no controlling party. 

20. PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT 

Cadence  Minerals  Plc  has  taken  advantage  of  the  exemption  of  the  requirement  to  produce  consolidated 
group  accounts  as  it  is  an  investment  companies  and  its  interests  are  held  exclusively  with  a  view  to 
subsequent resale as allowed under IFRS 10.  As a result of the changes in the entity’s accounting policies, 
prior  year  financial  statements  had  to  be  restated  in  accordance  with  IFRS  1.  Items  previously  wrongly 
classified  as  intangible  exploration  cost,  investments  in  associates  and  subsidiaries,  and  available  for  sale 
assets have all been reclassified as financial assets held at fair value through profit and loss. The investments 
held as shares in listed companies are held as current financial assets due to their liquid nature, whereas all 
other financial assets are held as non-current assets. Additionally deposits have been reclassified from cash 
and  cash  equivalent  to  other  debtors  as  it  is  not  considered  to  be  readily  available,  and  foreign exchange 
movements have been reclassified from other comprehensive income to profit and loss. 

The  following  tables  show  the  adjustments  recognised  for  each  individual  line  item.  The  adjustments  are 
explained in more detail below. 

Adjustments affecting periods prior to 1 January 2018 

Previous retained earnings 

Reversal of share of associates losses recognised 

Reversal of foreign exchange movements through OCI 

Fair value movement of asset previously recognised as an investment in associate 

Revised retained earnings at 1 January 2018 

(5,092) 
431 

(6) 

24 

(4,643) 

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

ASSETS 

Non-current 

Financial Assets 

Intangible assets 

Investment in associates 

Investment in subsidiaries 

Current 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial Assets 

Available for resale asset 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Current 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 

Issued share capital 

Share premium 

Share based premium reserve 

Equity loan and exchange reserve 

Retained earnings 

Equity attributable 

to equity holders of the Company 

31 December 2018 
as originally 
presented 
£'000 

Restatement as a 
result of 
reclassification 
£'000 

31 December 2018 
(restated) 

- 

325 

9,794 

906 

11,025

4,515 

- 

2,895 

468 

7,878

18,903 

223 

3,706 

3,929 

3,929 

1,202 

27,552 

1,392 

(116) 

(15,056) 

14,974 

1,231 

(325) 

(9,794) 

(906) 

) 

(
9,794

- 

7,564 

(2,895) 

- 

4,669

(5,125) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

116 

(5,241) 

(5,125) 

1,231 

- 

- 

- 

1,231

4,515 

7,564 

- 

468 

12,547

13,778 

223 

3,706 

3,929 

3,929 

1,202 

27,552 

1,392 

- 

(20,297) 

9,849 

Total equity and liabilities 

18,903 

(5,125) 

13,778 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

Year ended 
31 December 2018 
as originally 
presented 
£’000 

Year ended 
Restatement as a 
result of 
reclassification 
£’000 

Year ended 

31 December 2018 
(restated) 

£’000 

Income 
Unrealised profit/(loss) on financial 
investments 
Realised loss on financial investments 

Other income 

Share based payments 

Impairment of financial assets 

Other administrative expenses 

Total administrative expenses 

(7,440) 

(1,967) 

140 

(9,267) 

(7) 

- 

(1,453) 

(1,460) 

(6,128) 

- 

- 

(6,128) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(13,568) 

(1,967) 

140 

(15,395) 

(7) 

- 

(1,453) 

(1,460) 

Operating loss 

(10,727) 

(6,128) 

(16,855) 

Share of associates losses 

Finance cost 

Foreign exchange gains/(losses) 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

Loss attributable to the equity holders 
of the Company 

Other comprehensive income 

Foreign exchange 

Other comprehensive income for the 
period, net of tax 

Total comprehensive loss for the year, 
attributable to the equity holders of the 
company 

(Loss)/Profit per ordinary share 

Basic loss per share (pence) 

(548) 

(377) 

(105) 

548 

- 

(110) 

- 

(377) 

(215) 

(11,757) 

(5,690) 

(17,447) 

- 

- 

- 

(11,757) 

(5,690) 

(17,447) 

(110) 

(110) 

110 

110 

- 

- 

(11,867) 

(5,580) 

(17,447) 

(14.970) 

(7.244) 

(22.214) 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

The effect of reclassification of each category of asset at 31 December 2018 is shown in detail below. 

Classification 

Measurement 

Carrying Amount 

Original 

New 

Original 

New 

Original 

New  Difference 

Intangible assets 

Investment in 
associates 

Investment in 
subsidiaries 
Available for resale 
asset 

Non-current 
financial assets 

Current 
financial assets 

Non-current 
financial assets 
Current 
financial assets 

Amortised cost 

FVTPL 

Amortised cost 
less share of 
losses 

FVTPL 

Amortised cost 

FVTPL 

FVTPL 

FVTPL 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

325 

325 

- 

9,794 

4,669 

(5,125) 

906 

906 

2,895 

2,895 

- 

- 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

ASSETS 

Non-current 

Financial Assets 

Intangible assets 

Investment in associates 

Investment in subsidiaries 

Current 
Trade and other receivables 

Financial Assets 

Available for resale asset 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 

Current 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

EQUITY 

Issued share capital 

Share premium 

Share based premium reserve 

Equity loan and exchange reserve 

Retained earnings 

Equity attributable 

to equity holders of the Company 

31 December 2019 
as originally 
presented 
£'000 

Restatement as a 
result of 
reclassification 
£'000 

31 December 2019 
(restated) 

- 

759 

9,937 

906 

11,602 

4,129 

- 

1,121 

2,496 

7,746 

19,348 

343 

2,982 

3,325 

3,325 

1,471 

30,357 

1,383 

139 

(17,327) 

16,023 

2,240 

(759) 

(9,937) 

(906) 

)

(
9,362

2,015 

5,446 

(1,121) 

(2,015) 

4,325 

(5,037) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(139) 

(4,898) 

(5,037) 

2,240 

- 

- 

- 

2,240 

6,144 

5,446 

- 

481 

12,071 

14,311 

343 

2,982 

3,325 

3,325 

1,471 

30,357 

1,383 

- 

(22,225) 

10,986 

Total equity and liabilities 

19,348 

(5,037) 

14,311 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

Year ended 
31 December 2019 
as originally 
presented 
£’000 

Year ended 
Restatement as a 
result of 
reclassification 
£’000 

Year ended 

31 December 2019 
(restated) 

£’000 

Income 
Unrealised profit/(loss) on financial 
investments 
Realised loss on financial investments 

Other income 

Share based payments 

Impairment of financial assets 

Other administrative expenses 

Total administrative expenses 

Operating loss 

Share of associates losses 

Finance cost 

Foreign exchange gains/(losses) 

Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

Loss attributable to the equity holders 
of the Company 

Other comprehensive income 

Foreign exchange 

Other comprehensive income for the 
period, net of tax 

Total comprehensive loss for the year, 
attributable to the equity holders of 
the company 

Earnings per ordinary share 

Basic earnings per share (pence) 

420 

(97) 

10 

333 

(1) 

(129) 

(1,716) 

(1,846) 

(1,513) 

(272) 

(381) 

(115) 

(2,281) 

- 

(2,281) 

255 

255 

(190) 

6 

- 

(184) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(184) 

272 

- 

255 

343 

- 

343 

(255) 

(255) 

230 

(91) 

10 

149 

(1) 

(129) 

(1,716) 

(1,846) 

(1,697) 

- 

(381) 

(140) 

(1,938) 

- 

(1,938) 

- 

- 

(2,026) 

88 

(1,938) 

(2.555) 

0.384 

(2.171) 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CADENCE MINERALS PLC  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
For the year ended 31 December 2020 

20.  PRIOR YEAR RESTATEMENT (CONTINUED) 

The effect of reclassification of each category of asset at 31 December 2019 is shown in detail below. 

Classification 

Measurement 

Carrying Amount 

Original 

New 

Original 

New 

Original 

New 

Difference 

Intangible assets 

Non-current 
financial assets 

Investment in 
associates 

Current financial 
assets 

Investment in 
associates 

Non-current 
financial assets 

Investment in 
subsidiaries 
Available for 
resale asset 
Cash and cash 
equivalents 

Non-current 
financial assets 
Current financial 
assets 
Trade and other 
receivables 

Amortised cost 

FVTPL 

Amortised cost 
less share of 
losses 
Amortised cost 
less share of 
losses 

FVTPL 

FVTPL 

Amortised cost 

FVTPL 

FVTPL 

FVTPL 

Amortised cost 

Amortised 
cost 

£'000 

£'000 

£'000 

759 

759 

- 

9,362 

4,325 

(5,037) 

575 

906 

575 

906 

1,121 

1,121 

2,015 

2,015 

- 

- 

- 

- 

73