Central Valley Community Bancorp
Annual Report 2015

Plain-text annual report

2015 O U R S U C C E S S I S YO U R S U C C E S S For over 36 years, your trust has kept us strong. But it’s your enthusiasm for sharing us with your business associates, families, friends, and neighbors that has kept us growing. Thank you for making Central Valley Community Bank who we are today. You’re important to us. And we promise to keep giving you reasons to share us with those who are important to you. TO O U R S H A R E H O L D E R S For the Central Valley Community Bank team and customers, 2015 will be remembered as a year of celebration marking the Bank’s 35th anniversary – a successful year thanks to the long-term strategic planning that has guided this bank since before its founding in 1980. 2015 Highlights The Bank was honored as “Best Business Bank” for the second consecutive year and 2015’s “Best Company to Work For” in The Business Journal’s “Best of Central Valley Business Awards” for Fresno, Madera, Kings and Tulare Counties. In April, a new name was given to the Bank’s investment department: Central Valley Investment Services. While investment services are still provided through Investment Centers of America, Inc., the new name builds greater continuity to the Bank’s brand. through technology and adapting to consumer demands for healthier foods. The Bank’s Agribusiness team continues to grow as a result of bankers with extensive technical industry knowledge and a focus on relationship-building and referrals. Commercial Real Estate lending increased in 2015, including construction lending opportunities, indicating the Valley’s continued economic recovery. Throughout the Valley, communities are focused on economic development strategies through collaborative partnerships, many with the goal of redevelopment in historic districts such as downtowns. The year saw us continuing to improve efficiencies and reallocate expenses to take advantage of faster growth opportunities, which is leading to the closure of one Fresno office effective April 15, 2016. This closure will result in pre-tax expense savings of approximately $500,000 annually. Central Valley Community Bank continues to be classified as Well Capitalized above regulatory requirements, and is 5 Star rated by Bauer Financial. Among the year’s financial highlights were: a return on average assets (ROAA) of 0.90%, compared to 0.46% in 2014; a $47,233,000 increase in total average loans from $539,529,000 in 2014 to $586,762,000 in 2015; and a $59,238,000 increase in total average deposits, from $1,006,560,000 in 2014 to $1,065,798,000 in 2015. Our full year results reflect the benefits of our 35-year commitment to relationship banking, and are consistent with improved financial results throughout the Company. Loans and deposits continued to grow and we were pleased with our initiatives focused on growing non-interest income in the areas of mortgage loan generation and investment income. Additionally, we experienced a small recovery on a large, former non-performing loan relationship, and recoveries are expected to continue into 2016. While the Valley’s economy has improved (albeit at a slower pace than California as a whole) we believe the Company is positioned to maintain sensible growth throughout our service area. The Valley’s water situation continues to require close monitoring. Fortunately, our Agribusiness clients appear to be prepared and are successfully managing their operations. Despite the drought, many crops experienced sustainable yields. Additionally, farmers made innovative adjustments to conserve water, as well as implemented business practices 2 Small Business lending also rose in 2015, as the Valley’s largest business segment saw growth in employment, as well as the need for upgraded equipment and technology. Many of these businesses benefitted from partnerships with the Bank’s educational resources such as the Service Core of Retired Executives (SCORE). We continued to demonstrate our commitment to Valley businesses by being named “2015 Most Active Lender for SBA 504 Loans” by Success Capital in Stanislaus County for October 2014 through September 2015. Mortgage lending increased as well in 2015, almost entirely the result of referrals. Word-of-mouth recommendations from the Bank’s team and customers led to significant activity in this category, and we will continue to focus on additional referral development in 2016. Leadership Transitions The Bank’s current success is the result of plans that have been strategically made and executed throughout our 35-year journey. Plans backed by a philosophy of financial stability, local decision-making and a commitment to earn our customers’ business. These values still shape every decision made by our dedicated executive leadership team, which ensured the Bank would stay the course through the season of leadership succession in 2015. Dan Doyle and I executed a smooth transition upon his retirement as CEO, and Dan Cunningham continued in his role as Lead Independent Director, symbolizing the continuity of the strength, stability and experience our team and customers have come to count on. Founding Director, Sid Cox, announced his retirement after 36 years of service, effective January 20, 2016. The Board unanimously appointed Cox as Founding Director Emeritus, making him only the second to receive this honor since the Company’s formation. Our team and customers can rest assured that Cox will continue to offer input, expertise and advocacy for the Company and Bank as Founding Director Emeritus. Bank Recognition and Community Service Our Community Reinvestment Act advocacy with nonprofit, tribal and government organizations continued to expand in 2015. We provided financial literacy training, technical assistance on financial matters, credit consulting, low-cost checking and savings accounts for the “unbanked,” and economic development efforts for key neighborhood revitalization initiatives. Central Valley Community Bank also continued to help fight hunger and assist communities hardest hit by the drought with the 2nd annual Food Fund Challenge. Our Valley-wide public relations outreach motivated businesses to help their local food banks, leading the Bank to contribute $5,000 to seven food banks in Tulare, Fresno, Madera, Merced, Stanislaus, San Joaquin and Sacramento Counties. Not only do such efforts demonstrate our commitment to improving our communities, but they truly set us apart from the national banks. As a local bank, we are deeply invested in the success of our communities and in the lives of those who live there. Our community support simply makes sense. Customer Security The Bank’s Free Document Shredding events were held at 14 Central Valley Community Bank offices in 2015. In its 9th year, this security-focused campaign allowed businesses and individuals to shred confidential files during tax season. Valley Crime Stoppers also partnered with the Bank at select events. With identity theft still on the rise, the Bank has responded with identity protection resources at our branches and on our website. Besides our Free Document Shredding campaign, we have also invested significantly in state-of-the-art protection, procedures and continued customer education. We continue to support cybersecurity initiatives throughout the Bank. Our website offers such resources as: free online security awareness courses, FDIC consumer protection alerts, identity protection videos, and consumer information on preventing identity theft, obtaining a credit report, protecting personal data online and more. with more robust Cash Management services, eStatements, and expanded Bill Pay and Mobile Banking services. The Bank also began a three-year program called Voice of the Customer, in which we request input on various aspects of our customer service to ensure that the Bank is meeting needs, providing a positive experience and encouraging referral opportunities. Based on our customer scores from 2015, the Bank is performing well above national benchmarks and the program is already helping us fine-tune our service. An Employee Task Force was also formed in 2015, based on feedback from a team member survey. The Task Force has been studying the results of that anonymous survey, and preparing an Action Plan to help us implement programs to improve efficiencies, create employment growth opportunities, generate improved customer experiences and more. 2016 Outlook For the remainder of 2016, our focus will be on continued loan growth, expense management, and developing non-interest income lines of business in order to further improve ROAA and increase shareholder value. We believe the drivers of our success in 2016 will be: asset quality and maintaining strong underwriting and regulatory compliance, maintaining sufficient capital and liquidity, the strength and growth of our balance sheet, a stable and improved net interest margin and enhanced profitability, and strengthening our organizational structure as we pursue external growth opportunities in Sacramento. This year will also see a redesigned CVCB.com with upgrades and features including: a more responsive design optimized for all device types, intuitive navigation to make our products and services easier to access, and safe, secure Online Banking with improved login from all devices. Central Valley Community Bank will implement two key product strategies in 2016, including security chip-enabled debit and credit cards, and a new Business Visa Platinum Rewards program. Customer Satisfaction In the first quarter of 2015, we launched a new homepage login for both Business and Personal Online Banking platforms, offering a more streamlined and customer-friendly approach to secure online banking. And in March, we updated to a new Business Online Banking service Of course, our people are our most valuable investment. And 2016 will find us demonstrating that, as we continue to provide training at every employee level and reinforce the importance of working together as a team to give our customers the relationship banking experience they deserve. On behalf of the Central Valley Community Bancorp Board of Directors, we thank you for your loyal support and we will continue to work hard each day to earn your trust as we serve the financial needs of California’s San Joaquin Valley. Daniel J. Doyle Chairman of the Board, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank James M. Ford President & CEO, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank 3 O U R S T R O N G H I S TO R Y Central Valley Community Bancorp (the “Company”) was established on November 15, 2000, as the holding company for Central Valley Community Bank (the “Bank”) and is registered as a bank holding company with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. The Company currently conducts no operations other than through its ownership of the Bank. The common stock of the Company trades on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the symbol CVCY. A Strong History Of Steady Growth Central Valley Community Bank, founded in 1979 as Clovis Community Bank, is a California State chartered bank with deposit accounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). The Bank commenced operations on January 10, 1980, in Clovis, California, with 12 professional bankers and beginning assets of $2,000,000. The Bank now operates 20 full-service offices in 14 communities, within seven San Joaquin Valley counties and employs nearly 300 team members. Offices are located in Clovis, Exeter, Fresno, Kerman, Lodi, Madera, Merced, Modesto, Oakhurst, Prather, Sacramento, Stockton, Tracy and Visalia. Additionally, the Bank operates Commercial Real Estate, SBA and Agribusiness Lending Departments. Central Valley Investment Services are provided by Investment Centers of America, Inc. With assets exceeding $1.2 billion as of December 31, 2015, Central Valley Community Bank has grown into a well-capitalized institution, with a proven track record of financial strength, security and stability. Yet despite the Bank’s growth, it has remained true to its original “roots” – a commitment to its core values of integrity, trustworthiness, caring, loyalty, leadership and teamwork. Central Valley Community Bank distinguishes itself from other financial institutions through its 36-year track record of strength, security, client advocacy and the values that have guided the Bank since its opening. The Bank’s unique brand of personalized service has strategically grown throughout California’s San Joaquin Valley. Guided by a hands-on Board of Directors and a seasoned Executive Management Team, the Bank continues to focus on personalized service, customer referrals and employee satisfaction. Central Valley Community Bank’s strong foundation, concern for its team and training opportunities at all levels has afforded the ongoing addition and retention of high-quality employees. Unparalleled Innovation, Unmatched Protection & Unbeatable Convenience Central Valley Community Bank maintains state-of-the-art data processing and information systems, and offers a complete line of innovative and competitive business and personal deposit and loan products. Through FDIC insurance, customer deposits for all insurable accounts are protected up to $250,000. Success Built On “Relationship Banking” Central Valley Community Bank has built a reputation for superior banking service by offering personalized “relationship banking” for businesses, professionals and individuals. Serving the business community has always been a primary focus for the Bank, which continues to expand its commercial banking team to serve even more customers. Central Valley Community Bank’s experienced banking professionals live and work in the local community, and have a deep understanding of the marketplace. As a result, the Bank has remained an active business lender and is proud to be a Preferred SBA Lender. At Central Valley Community Bank you will find the secure lending power of a big bank plus the stable values and relationships of a community bank. From small to large; agribusiness to manufacturing; healthcare to service industries; and everything in between – Central Valley Community Bank is always ready to leverage its strength, experience and commitment to help businesses thrive, even in the toughest economic times by offering tailored lending products. Central Valley Community Bank is dedicated to providing outstanding value to customers by increasing and enhancing its products and services, while emphasizing needs-based consulting within the branch environment. Serving both new and long-time customers continues to be an important factor in the Bank’s growth, as demonstrated in ongoing customer referrals. Dependable values and security are important to banking customers, and the Bank is well-positioned to provide them, with an ongoing emphasis on privacy, safety and convenience. When A Bank’s Core Values Reflect Its Community – Special Things Happen Focused on investing in the communities it serves – annually the Bank provides financial support and dedicates the talents and energy of its people to a wide variety of organizations, with management serving in leadership positions for civic and philanthropic organizations in addition to industry groups at the state and national levels. Providing leadership-by-example sets the pace for the entire team who are committed to improving and strengthening the quality of life in the communities where they live, work and raise their families. This is evidenced by The Business Journal’s “Best of Central Valley Business Awards” where the Bank was honored as “Best Business Bank” for the past two years and “Best Company to Work For” for 2015 in the four-county Central Valley. For maximum convenience, personal services are available through Personal Online Banking with Bill Pay, Mobile Banking, Popmoney (person-to-person payments) and eStatements, in addition to Business Online Banking services for businesses of all sizes including Bill Pay, Mobile Banking, eStatements and custom-tailored Cash Management services. In addition, ATMs are located at most offices, BankLine provides 24-hour telephone banking, and extended days and banking hours are offered at select offices. A Proud Past, A Promising Future Thanks to the vision of Central Valley Community Bancorp, as well as the leadership of its Board of Directors, the Bank has grown steadily and sensibly for over three decades, keeping pace with the needs of its customers and the communities it serves, all while retaining the local leadership and values that formed the Bank’s firm foundation. 4 James M. Ford President and CEO, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank Daniel J. Doyle Chairmain of the Board, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank William S. Smittcamp President/Owner, Wawona Frozen Foods Edwin S. Darden, Jr. Architect, Darden Architects, Inc. B O A R D O F D I R E C TO R S A 36-Year Tradition of Strong & Secure Banking Daniel N. Cunningham Lead Independent Director, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank Director, Quinn Group Inc. Joseph B. Weirick Investments F.T. “Tommy” Elliott, IV Owner, Wileman Bros. & Elliott, Inc. Kaweah Container, Inc. Steven D. McDonald Secretary of the Board, Central Valley Community Bancorp Central Valley Community Bank President, McDonald Properties, Inc. Louis C. McMurray President, Charles McMurray Co. Not Pictured: Founding Directors Emeriti – Wanda L. Rogers and Sidney B. Cox 5 O U R P E O P L E M A K E T H E D I F F E R E N C E From the day we opened our doors in 1980, our customers haven’t stopped talking about our refreshingly personal approach to service. A uniquely customer-focused attitude that comes from the heart of each team member, ensuring deep customer satisfaction and enabling the Bank to keep pace with the changing needs of the communities we serve. From our strong executive management team to our bankers in every branch, our people are committed to serving you with the same values that formed the foundation of Central Valley Community Bank… and are dedicated to working hard to earn your business and trusted referrals every day. Renee Savage Senior Vice President, Loan Servicing Karen Smith Senior Vice President, Regional Manager Mark Smith Senior Vice President, Central Valley Commercial Team Leader Theodore Thome Senior Vice President, Mid-Valley Commercial Team Leader Rick Whitsell Senior Vice President, Sacramento Regional Manager Senior Vice Presidents Lawrence Cardoso Senior Vice President, Regional Manager Cathy Chatoian Senior Vice President, Cash Management Team Leader Christopher Clark Senior Vice President, Senior Credit Officer Terry Crawford Senior Vice President, Agribusiness Team Leader Dawn Crusinberry Senior Vice President, Controller Daniel Demmers Senior Vice President, Director of InformationTechnology Teresa Gilio Senior Vice President, Central Operations Marci Madsen Senior Vice President, Human Resources Constantine Makayed Senior Vice President, Senior Risk Manager Jeff Pace Senior Vice President, Real Estate Team Leader Holding Company & Bank Officers James M. Ford President and CEO David A. Kinross Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer Patrick J. Carman Executive Vice President, Chief Credit Officer Bank Executive Officers Gary D. Quisenberry Executive Vice President, Commercial and Business Banking Lydia E. Shaw Executive Vice President, Community Banking Independent Auditors Crowe Horwath LLP, Sacramento, CA Counsel Downey Brand LLP, Sacramento, CA 6 Exceptional Employees Each year Central Valley Community Bank’s top-performing team members are recognized as the Circle of Elite. The 2015 Circle of Elite included: Trisha Barba Assistant Vice President, BSA/AML Officer Chris Miller Assistant Vice President, Cash Management Service & Support Officer Jennifer Emerson Assistant Vice President, Agribusiness Loan Underwriter Hiren Patel Vice President, Accounting Manager Vonne Gross Real Estate Loan Support Specialist Patricia Payan Customer Service Supervisor Christine Hopson Financial Services Representative Jose Ramos Human Resources Specialist Jacquie Krenz Assistant Vice President, Assistant Branch Manager Monica Sasso Loan Servicing Operations Specialist Shelly Lo Financial Services Representative Karen Smith Senior Vice President, Regional Manager Mission Statement As A Full Service Bank, We Are Committed To: Providing a full range of financial services desired by our customers, while providing superior customer service delivered in a highly professional and personal manner. Maintaining a positive work environment and investing in each individual to “be the best they can be.” Contributing to the quality of life in the communities we serve. Continuing to maximize shareholder value. Being the “Bank of Choice” for customers and employees! Core Values Leadership Caring Integrity Teamwork Loyalty Trustworthiness Central Valley Community Bank Executive Management From Left to Right: Patrick J. Carman, Gary D. Quisenberry, James M. Ford, Lydia E. Shaw, David A. Kinross 7 T R E N D A N A LY S I S Central Valley Community Bancorp 2 6 7 , 6 8 5 $ 9 2 5 , 9 3 5 $ 3 8 4 , 4 5 4 $ 1 9 2 , 8 2 4 $ 0 4 0 , 5 0 4 $ 0 0 . 1 $ 4 6 9 , 0 1 $ 0 5 2 , 8 $ 0 2 5 , 7 $ 7 7 4 6 $ , 4 9 2 , 5 $ 5 7 0 $ . 7 7 . 0 $ 3 6 . 0 $ 8 4 0 $ . 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net Income (In Thousands) Diluted Earnings Per Share Average Total Loans (In Thousands) 6 2 5 , 2 2 2 , 1 $ , 3 8 4 7 5 1 1 $ , , 0 6 5 6 0 0 1 $ , 3 9 4 , 8 4 8 $ 1 0 6 , 9 1 7 $ 9 8 7 , 7 7 6 $ 8 9 7 , 5 6 0 , 1 $ , 4 2 9 6 8 9 $ 8 7 0 , 3 5 8 $ 8 7 1 , 0 0 8 $ % 6 5 . 6 % 9 8 . 6 % 6 2 . 6 % 2 1 . 8 % 6 0 . 4 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Average Total Deposits (In Thousands) Return on Shareholders’ Equity Average Total Assets (In Thousands) 8 C O M PA R AT I V E S TO C K P R I C E P E R F O R M A N C E Central Valley Community Bancorp Total Return Performance Index Value 100.00 100.00 100.00 96.46 95.82 88.73 111.49 138.63 105.75 205.31 205.76 227.04 227.04 Central Valley Community Bancorp 162.35 154.78 152.00 157.42 169.94 SNL NASDAQ Bank Index 155.18 Russell 2000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Note: The graph above shows the cumulative total shareholder return on Central Valley Community Bancorp common stock compared to the cumulative total returns for the Russell 2000 Index and the S&P Banks Index, measured as of the last trading day of each year shown. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2010 and reinvestment of dividends on the date of payment without commissions. The performance graph represents past performance and should not be considered to be an indication of future stock performance. The stock price performance shown above should not be indicative of potential future stock price performance. Source: SNL Financial LC 9 Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, 2015 and 2014 (In thousands, except share amounts) ASSETS Cash and due from banks Interest-earning deposits in other banks Federal funds sold Total cash and cash equivalents Available-for-sale investment securities (Amortized cost of $470,080 at December 31, 2015 and $423,639 at December 31, 2014) Held-to-maturity investment securities (Fair value of $35,142 at December 31, 2015 and $35,096 at December 31, 2014) Loans, less allowance for credit losses of $9,610 at December 31, 2015 and $8,308 at December 31, 2014 Bank premises and equipment, net Bank owned life insurance Federal Home Loan Bank stock Goodwill Core deposit intangibles Accrued interest receivable and other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Deposits: Non-interest bearing Interest bearing Total deposits Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures Accrued interest payable and other liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) Shareholders’ equity: Preferred stock, no par value, $1,000 per share liquidation preference; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding Common stock, no par value; 80,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: 10,996,773 at December 31, 2015 and 10,980,440 at December 31, 2014 Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax Total shareholders’ equity $ $ $ 2015 2014 $ 23,339 70,988 290 94,617 477,554 31,712 588,501 9,292 20,702 4,823 29,917 1,024 18,594 21,316 55,646 366 77,328 432,535 31,964 564,280 9,949 20,957 4,791 29,917 1,344 19,118 1,276,736 $ 1,192,183 $ 428,773 687,494 1,116,267 5,155 15,991 1,137,413 - 54,424 80,437 4,462 139,323 376,402 662,750 1,039,152 5,155 16,831 1,061,138 - 54,216 71,452 5,377 131,045 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 1,276,736 $ 1,192,183 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 10 Consolidated Statements of Income For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2015 2014 2013 INTEREST INCOME: Interest and fees on loans Interest on deposits in other banks Interest and dividends on investment securities: Taxable Exempt from Federal income taxes Total interest income INTEREST EXPENSE: Interest on deposits Interest on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures Other Total interest expense Net interest income before provision for credit losses PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES Net interest income after provision for credit losses NON-INTEREST INCOME: Service charges Appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance Interchange fees Loan placement fees Gain on disposal of other real estate owned Net realized gains on sales and calls of investment securities Federal Home Loan Bank dividends Other income Total non-interest income NON-INTEREST EXPENSES: Salaries and employee benefits Occupancy and equipment Regulatory assessments Data processing expense ATM/Debit card expenses License & maintenance contracts Advertising Professional services Internet banking expenses Acquisition and integration Amortization of core deposit intangibles Other expense Total non-interest expenses Income before provision for income taxes PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES Net income Preferred stock dividends and accretion Net income available to common shareholders Basic earnings per common share Diluted earnings per common share Cash dividends per common share $ $ $ $ $ $ 30,504 210 4,793 6,315 41,822 948 99 - 1,047 40,775 600 40,175 3,070 596 1,197 1,042 11 1,495 580 1,396 9,387 20,836 4,669 1,059 1,139 548 520 608 1,504 709 - 320 4,104 36,016 13,546 2,582 10,964 - 10,964 1.00 1.00 0.18 $ $ $ $ $ $ 29,493 176 5,538 5,832 41,039 1,060 96 - 1,156 39,883 7,985 31,898 3,280 614 1,205 544 63 904 327 1,227 8,164 19,721 4,835 762 1,820 624 488 589 1,176 520 - 337 4,466 35,338 4,724 (570) 5,294 - 5,294 0.48 0.48 0.20 $ $ $ $ $ $ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 26,519 164 2,375 5,778 34,836 1,270 98 17 1,385 33,451 - 33,451 3,156 495 962 677 - 1,265 177 1,099 7,831 17,427 4,109 696 1,383 527 472 476 1,088 397 976 268 3,866 31,685 9,597 1,347 8,250 350 7,900 0.77 0.77 0.20 11 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands) NET INCOME OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS): Unrealized gains (losses) on securities: Unrealized holding gains (losses) Less: reclassification for net gains included in net income Amortization of net unrealized gains transferred during the period Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax Tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive income Total other comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive income (loss) $ $ 2015 2014 2013 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 8,250 59 1,481 (78) (1,500) 585 (915) 10,049 $ 13,847 904 (21) 12,922 (5,259) 7,663 12,957 $ (15,510) 1,265 - (16,775) 6,903 (9,872) (1,622) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 12 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands, except share amounts) Balance, January 1, 2013 Net income Other comprehensive loss Redemption of preferred stock Series C Cash dividend ($0.20 per common share) Stock issued for acquisition Stock-based compensation expense Stock options exercised and related tax benefit Preferred stock dividends and accretion Balance, December 31, 2013 Net income Other comprehensive income Restricted stock granted, forfeited and related tax benefit Stock-based compensation expense Cash dividend ($0.20 per common share) Stock options exercised and related tax benefit Balance, December 31, 2014 Net income Other comprehensive loss Restricted stock granted, forfeited and related tax benefit Stock-based compensation expense Cash dividend ($0.18 per common share) Stock options exercised and related tax benefit Preferred Stock Common Stock Series C Shares Amount Shares Amount 7,000 $ 7,000 9,558,746 $ 40,583 $ - - (7,000) - - - - - - - - - - (7,000) - - - 1,262,605 - - 93,329 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10,914,680 - - - - 56,850 - - - - - 8,910 - - 10,980,440 - - - - 7,263 - - - - - 9,070 - - - - - 12,494 98 806 - 53,981 - - - 173 - 62 54,216 - - (96) 238 - 66 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Shareholders’ (Net of Taxes) Equity Total Retained Earnings 62,496 $ 8,250 - - (2,048) - - - (350) 68,348 5,294 - - - (2,190) - 71,452 10,964 - - - (1,979) - 7,586 $ - (9,872) - - - - - - (2,286) - 7,663 - - - - 5,377 - (915) - - - - 117,665 8,250 (9,872) (7,000) (2,048) 12,494 98 806 (350) 120,043 5,294 7,663 - 173 (2,190) 62 131,045 10,964 (915) (96) 238 (1,979) 66 Balance, December 31, 2015 - $ - 10,996,773 $ 54,424 $ 80,437 $ 4,462 $ 139,323 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 13 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands) 2015 2014 2013 CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Net decrease in deferred loan fees Depreciation Accretion Amortization Stock-based compensation Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options Provision for credit losses Net realized gains on sales and calls of available-for-sale investment securities Net realized gains on calls of held-to-maturity investment securities Net loss (gain) on sale and disposal of equipment Net gain on sale of other real estate owned Increase in bank owned life insurance, net of expenses Net gain on bank owned life insurance Net decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable and other assets Net decrease in prepaid FDIC Assessments Net (decrease) increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities Benefit for deferred income taxes Net cash provided by operating activities CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Net cash and cash equivalents acquired in acquisition Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities Proceeds from sales or calls of available-for-sale investment securities Proceeds from calls of held-to-maturity investment securities Proceeds from maturity and principal repayment of available-for-sale investment securities Net increase in loans Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned Purchases of premises and equipment Purchases of bank owned life insurance FHLB stock (purchased) redeemed Proceeds from bank owned life insurance Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment Net cash used in investing activities CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Net increase in demand, interest-bearing and savings deposits Net (decrease) increase in time deposits Repayments of short-term borrowings to Federal Home Loan Bank Redemption of preferred stock Series C Proceeds from exercise of stock options Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options Cash dividend payments on common stock Cash dividend payments on preferred stock Net cash provided by financing activities Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: Cash paid during the year for: Interest Income taxes Non-cash investing and financing activities: Transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity Unrealized gain on transfer of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity Foreclosure of loan collateral and recognition of other real estate owned Assumption of debt related to foreclosure of other real estate owned Common stock issued in Visalia Community Bank acquisition The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 14 $ 10,964 $ 5,294 $ (270) 1,392 (1,196) 8,024 238 (6) 600 (1,481) (14) 6 (11) (596) (345) 2,109 - (963) (933) 17,518 - (198,851) 93,167 810 53,593 (24,776) 359 (741) (325) (32) 1,365 - (75,431) 90,732 (13,617) - - 60 6 (1,979) - 75,202 17,289 77,328 (305) 1,355 (1,015) 7,949 173 (7) 7,985 (904) - 201 (63) (614) - (3,021) - 537 (408) 17,157 - (146,468) 79,757 - 52,665 (69,047) 488 (1,328) (900) (292) - 363 (84,762) 50,643 (15,634) - - 55 7 (2,190) - 32,881 (34,724) 112,052 8,250 (294) 1,133 (852) 9,179 98 (17) - (1,265) - (1) - (495) - 410 1,542 (1,805) (296) 15,587 40,935 (222,668) 88,146 - 76,512 (4,393) 263 (1,159) - 48 - 1 (22,315) 75,663 2,841 (4,000) (7,000) 789 17 (2,048) (438) 65,824 59,096 52,956 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 94,617 $ 77,328 $ 112,052 1,059 1,865 - - 227 121 - $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,171 1,360 31,346 163 235 - - $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,430 1,790 - - 190 - 12,494 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Investment Securities - Investments are classified into the following categories: General - Central Valley Community Bancorp (the ‘‘Company’’) was incorporated on February 7, 2000 and subsequently obtained approval from the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to be a bank holding company in connection with its acquisition of Central Valley Community Bank (the ‘‘Bank’’). The Company became the sole shareholder of the Bank on November 15, 2000 in a statutory merger, pursuant to which each outstanding share of the Bank’s common stock was exchanged for one share of common stock of the Company. Service 1st Capital Trust I (the Trust) is a business trust formed by Service 1st for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. The Company succeeded to all the rights and obligations of Service 1st in connection with the acquisition of Service 1st. The Trust is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Bank operates 21 full service offices in Clovis, Exeter, Fresno, Kerman, Lodi, Madera, Merced, Modesto, Oakhurst, Prather, Sacramento, Stockton, Tracy, and Visalia, California. The Bank’s primary source of revenue is providing loans to customers who are predominately small and middle-market businesses and individuals. The deposits of the Bank are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to applicable legal limits. Depositors’ accounts at an insured depository institution, including all non-interest bearing transactions accounts, will be insured by the FDIC up to the standard maximum deposit insurance amount of $250,000 for each deposit insurance ownership category. The accounting and reporting policies of Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and prevailing practices within the banking industry. Management has determined that because all of the banking products and services offered by the Company are available in each branch of the Bank, all branches are located within the same economic environment and management does not allocate resources based on the performance of different lending or transaction activities, it is appropriate to aggregate the Bank branches and report them as a single operating segment. No customer accounts for more than 10 percent of revenues for the Company or the Bank. Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the consolidated accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiary, the Bank. For financial reporting purposes, Service 1st Capital Trust I, is a wholly-owned subsidiary acquired in the merger of Service 1st Bancorp and formed for the exclusive purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. The Company is not considered the primary beneficiary of this trust (variable interest entity), therefore the trust is not consolidated in the Company’s financial statements, but rather the subordinated debentures are shown as a liability on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company’s investment in the common stock of the Trust is included in accrued interest receivable and other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Use of Estimates - The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the estimates used. Estimates are based upon historical experience, current economic conditions and other factors that management considers reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates result in judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities when these values are not readily available from other sources, as well as assessing and identifying the accounting treatments of contingencies and commitments. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions. Cash and Cash Equivalents - For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash, due from banks with maturities less than 90 days, interest-earning deposits in other banks, and Federal funds sold are considered to be cash equivalents. Generally, Federal funds are sold for one-day periods. Net cash flows are reported for customer loan and deposit transactions, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, and Federal funds purchased. • Available-for-sale securities, reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported, net of taxes, as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders’ equity. • Held-to-maturity securities, which management has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity, reported at amortized cost, adjusted for the accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments at the time of purchase and may only change the classification in certain limited circumstances. All transfers between categories are accounted for at fair value in the period which the transfer occurs. For the year ended December 31, 2015, there were no transfers between categories. During the year ended December 31, 2014 management transferred $31,346,000 of securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. Gains or losses on the sale of investment securities are computed on the specific identification method. Interest earned on investment securities is reported in interest income, net of applicable adjustments for accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized or accreted on the level yield method without anticipating prepayments, except for mortgage backed securities where prepayments are anticipated. An investment security is impaired when its carrying value is greater than its fair value. Investment securities that are impaired are evaluated on at least a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation to determine whether such a decline in their fair value is other than temporary. Management utilizes criteria such as the magnitude and duration of the decline and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in fair value, in addition to the reasons underlying the decline, to determine whether the loss in value is other than temporary. The term ‘‘other than temporary’’ is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospect for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, and management does not intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the security before recovery, for debt securities, only the portion of the impairment loss representing credit exposure is recognized as a charge to earnings, with the balance recognized as a charge to other comprehensive income. If management intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovering its forecasted cost, the entire impairment loss is recognized as a charge to earnings. Loans - For all loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are stated at principal balances outstanding net of deferred loan fees and costs, and the allowance for credit losses. Interest is accrued daily based upon outstanding loan balances. However, for all loans when, in the opinion of management, loans are considered impaired and the future collectability of interest and principal is in serious doubt, a loan is placed on nonaccrual status and the accrual of interest income is suspended. Any loan 90 days or more delinquent is automatically placed on nonaccrual status. Any interest accrued but unpaid is charged against income. Payments received are applied to reduce principal to ensure collection. Subsequent payments on these loans, or payments received on nonaccrual loans for which the ultimate collectability of principal is not in doubt, are applied first to principal until fully collected and then to interest. Interest income on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer and credit card loans are typically charged off no later than 90 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Loans past due 90 days still on accrual are individually evaluated and deemed to be well secured, with no loss potential, and expected to be fully paid or brought current within a reasonable time. A loan is moved to non-accrual status in accordance with the Company’s policy, typically after 90 days of non-payment. A loan placed on non-accrual status may be restored to accrual status when principal and interest 15 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) are no longer past due and unpaid, or the loan otherwise becomes both well secured and in the process of collection. When a loan is brought current, the Company must also have a reasonable assurance that the obligor has the ability to meet all contractual obligations in the future, that the loan will be repaid within a reasonable period of time, and that a minimum of six months of satisfactory repayment performance has occurred. Substantially all loan origination fees, commitment fees, direct loan origination costs and purchase premiums and discounts on loans are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of yield, and amortized to interest income over the contractual term of the loan. The unamortized balance of deferred fees and costs is reported as a component of net loans. Allowance for Credit Losses - The allowance for credit losses (the ‘‘allowance’’) is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The allowance is established through a provision for credit losses which is charged to expense. Additions to the allowance are expected to maintain the adequacy of the total allowance after credit losses and loan growth. Credit exposures determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance. Cash received on previously charged off amounts is recorded as a recovery to the allowance. The overall allowance consists of two primary components, specific reserves related to impaired loans and general reserves for inherent losses related to loans that are not impaired. For all loan classes, a loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the original agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Loans determined to be impaired are individually evaluated for impairment. When a loan is impaired, the Company measures impairment based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except that as a practical expedient, it may measure impairment based on a loan’s observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. A loan is collateral dependent if the repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. A restructuring of a debt constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) if the Company for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. Restructured workout loans typically present an elevated level of credit risk as the borrowers are not able to perform according to the original contractual terms. Loans that are reported as TDRs are considered impaired and measured for impairment as described above. For TDRs that subsequently default, the Company determines the amount of reserve in accordance with the accounting policy for the allowance for credit losses. At December 31, 2013, the Company had loans that were acquired in an acquisition, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. These purchased credit impaired loans are recorded at the amount paid, such that there is no carryover of the seller’s allowance for loan losses. After acquisition, losses are recognized by an increase in the Company’s allowance for credit losses. The Company estimates the amount and timing of expected cash flows for each loan and the expected cash flows in excess of amount paid is recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan (accretable yield). The excess of the loan’s contractual principal and interest over expected cash flows is not recorded (nonaccretable difference). Over the life of the loan, expected cash flows continue to be estimated. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the carrying amount, a loss is recorded. If the present value of expected cash flows is greater than the carrying amount, it is recognized as part of future interest income. At December 31, 2014, the Company no longer had any purchased credit impaired loans. 16 For all portfolio segments, the determination of the general reserve for loans that are not impaired is based on estimates made by management, including but not limited to, consideration of a simple average of historical losses by portfolio segment (and in certain cases peer loss data) over the most recent 20 quarters, and qualitative factors including economic trends in the Company’s service areas, industry experience and trends, geographic concentrations, estimated collateral values, the Company’s underwriting policies, the character of the loan portfolio, and probable losses inherent in the portfolio taken as a whole. The Company maintains a separate allowance for each portfolio segment. These portfolio segments include commercial, real estate, and consumer loans. The relative significance of risk considerations vary by portfolio segment. For commercial and real estate loans, the primary risk consideration is a borrower’s ability to generate sufficient cash flows to repay their loan. Secondary considerations include the creditworthiness of guarantors and the valuation of collateral. In addition to the creditworthiness of a borrower, the type and location of real estate collateral is an important risk factor for real estate loans. The primary risk considerations for consumer loans are a borrower’s personal cash flow and liquidity, as well as collateral value. The allowance for credit losses attributable to each portfolio segment, which includes both impaired loans and loans that are not impaired, is combined to determine the Company’s overall allowance, which is included on the consolidated balance sheet. The Company assigns a risk rating to all loans, and periodically performs detailed reviews of all such loans over a certain threshold to identify credit risks and to assess the overall collectability of the portfolio. The most recent review of risk rating was completed in December 2015. These risk ratings are also subject to examination by independent specialists engaged by the Company, and the Company’s regulators. During these internal reviews, management monitors and analyzes the financial condition of borrowers and guarantors, trends in the industries in which borrowers operate and the fair values of collateral securing these loans. These credit quality indicators are used to assign a risk rating to each individual loan. The risk ratings can be grouped into five major categories, defined as follows: Pass - A pass loan is a strong credit with no existing or known potential weaknesses deserving of management’s close attention. Special Mention - A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified and do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Substandard - A substandard loan is not adequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the value of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified as substandard have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Well-defined weaknesses include a project’s lack of marketability, inadequate cash flow or collateral support, failure to complete construction on time, or the project’s failure to fulfill economic expectations. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful - Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently known facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral, and refinancing plans. Doubtful classification is considered temporary and short term. Loss - Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and charged off immediately. The general reserve component of the allowance for credit losses also consists of reserve factors that are based on management’s assessment of the following for each portfolio segment: (1) inherent credit risk, (2) historical losses and (3) other qualitative factors including economic trends in the Company’s service areas, industry experience and trends, geographic concentrations, estimated collateral Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Consumer and installment - An installment loan portfolio is usually comprised values, the Company’s underwriting policies, the character of the loan portfolio, and probable losses inherent in the portfolio taken as a whole. Inherent credit risk and qualitative reserve factors are inherently subjective and are driven by the repayment risk associated with each class of loans described below. Commercial: Commercial and industrial - Commercial and industrial loans are generally underwritten to existing cash flows of operating businesses. Debt coverage is provided by business cash flows and economic trends influenced by unemployment rates and other key economic indicators are closely correlated to the credit quality of these loans. Past due receivables indicate the borrower’s capacity to repay their obligations may be deteriorating. Agricultural land and production - Loans secured by crop production and livestock are especially vulnerable to two risk factors that are largely outside the control of Company and borrowers: commodity prices and weather conditions. Real Estate: Owner Occupied - Real estate collateral secured by commercial or professional properties with repayment arising from the owner’s business cash flows. To meet this classification, the owner’s operation must occupy no less than 50% of the real estate held. Financial profitability and capacity to meet the cyclical nature of the industry and related real estate market over a significant timeframe is essential. Real estate construction and other land loans - Land and construction loans generally possess a higher inherent risk of loss than other real estate portfolio segments. A major risk arises from the necessity to complete projects within specified costs and time lines. Trends in the construction industry significantly impact the credit quality of these loans, as demand drives construction activity. In addition, trends in real estate values significantly impact the credit quality of these loans, as property values determine the economic viability of construction projects. Agricultural real estate - Agricultural loans secured by real estate generally possess a higher inherent risk of loss caused by changes in concentration of permanent plantings, government subsidies, and the value of the U.S. dollar affecting the export of commodities. Commercial real estate - Commercial real estate loans generally possess a higher inherent risk of loss than other real estate portfolio segments, except land and construction loans. Adverse economic developments or an overbuilt market impact commercial real estate projects and may result in troubled loans. Trends in vacancy rates of commercial properties impact the credit quality of these loans. High vacancy rates reduce operating revenues and the ability for properties to produce sufficient cash flows to service debt obligations. Other real estate - Primarily loans secured by agricultural real estate for development and production of permanent plantings that have not reached maximum yields. Also real estate loans where agricultural vertical integration exists in packing and shipping of commodities. Risk is primarily based on the liquidity of the borrower to sustain payment during the development period. In addition, weather conditions and commodity prices within obligor’s existing agricultural production may affect repayment. Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit - The degree of risk in residential real estate lending depends primarily on the loan amount in relation to collateral value, the interest rate and the borrower’s ability to repay in an orderly fashion. These loans generally possess a lower inherent risk of loss than other real estate portfolio segments. Economic trends determined by unemployment rates and other key economic indicators are closely correlated to the credit quality of these loans. Weak economic trends indicate that the borrowers’ capacity to repay their obligations may be deteriorating. of a large number of small loans scheduled to be amortized over a specific period. Most installment loans are made directly for consumer purchases, but business loans granted for the purchase of heavy equipment or industrial vehicles may also be included. Consumer loans include credit card and other open ended unsecured consumer receivables. Credit card receivables and open ended unsecured receivables generally have a higher rate of default than all other portfolio segments and are also impacted by weak economic conditions and trends. Credit card receivables and open ended unsecured receivables in homogeneous loan portfolio segments are not evaluated for specific impairment. Although management believes the allowance to be adequate, ultimate losses may vary from its estimates. At least quarterly, the Board of Directors reviews the adequacy of the allowance, including consideration of the relative risks in the portfolio, current economic conditions and other factors. If the Board of Directors and management determine that changes are warranted based on those reviews, the allowance is adjusted. In addition, the Company’s primary regulators, the FDIC and California Department of Business Oversight, as an integral part of their examination process, review the adequacy of the allowance. These regulatory agencies may require additions to the allowance based on their judgment about information available at the time of their examinations. Bank Premises and Equipment - Land is carried at cost. Bank premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is determined using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. The useful lives of Bank premises are estimated to be between twenty and forty years. The useful lives of improvements to Bank premises, furniture, fixtures and equipment are estimated to be three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the asset or the term of the related lease, whichever is shorter. When assets are sold or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in income for the period. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred. The Bank evaluates premises and equipment for financial impairment as events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable. Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) Stock - The Bank is a member of the FHLB system. Members are required to own a certain amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB stock is carried at cost, classified as a restricted security, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income. Other Real Estate Owned - Other real estate owned (OREO) is comprised of property acquired through foreclosure proceedings or acceptance of deeds-in-lieu of foreclosure. Losses recognized at the time of acquiring property in full or partial satisfaction of debt are charged against the allowance for credit losses. OREO, when acquired, is initially recorded at fair value less estimated disposition costs, establishing a new cost basis. Fair value of OREO is generally based on an independent appraisal of the property. Subsequent to initial measurement, OREO is carried at the lower of the recorded investment or fair value less disposition costs. If fair value declines subsequent to foreclosure, a valuation allowance is recorded through noninterest expense. Revenues and expenses associated with OREO are reported as a component of noninterest expense when incurred. Bank Owned Life Insurance - The Company has purchased life insurance policies on certain key executives. Company owned life insurance is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement. Goodwill - Business combinations involving the Bank’s acquisition of the equity interests or net assets of another enterprise give rise to goodwill. Total goodwill at December 31, 2015 and 2014 represents the excess of the cost of Visalia Community Bank, Service 1st Bancorp and Bank of Madera County over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transactions accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The value of goodwill is ultimately derived from the Bank’s ability to generate net earnings after the acquisitions and is not deductible for tax purposes. A decline in net earnings could be indicative of a decline in the fair value of goodwill and result 17 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) in impairment. For that reason, goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment. The Company has selected September 30 as the date to perform the annual impairment test. Management assessed qualitative factors including performance trends and noted no factors indicating goodwill impairment. Goodwill is also tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the Company below its carrying amount. No such events or circumstances arose during the fourth quarter of 2015, so goodwill was not required to be retested. Goodwill is the only intangible asset with an indefinite life on our balance sheet. Intangible Assets - The intangible assets at December 31, 2015 represent the estimated fair value of the core deposit relationships acquired in the acquisition of Service 1st Bank in 2008, and the 2013 acquisition of Visalia Community Bank. Core deposit intangibles are being amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated life of seven—ten years from the date of acquisition. Management evaluates the remaining useful lives quarterly to determine whether events or circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining periods of amortization. Based on the evaluation, no changes to the remaining useful lives was required. Management performed an annual impairment test on core deposit intangibles as of September 30, 2015 and determined no impairment was necessary. Core deposit intangibles are also tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value below its carrying amount. No such events or circumstances arose during the fourth quarter of 2015, so core deposit intangibles were not required to be retested. Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments - Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount of these items represents the exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. Income Taxes - The Company files its income taxes on a consolidated basis with its Subsidiary. The allocation of income tax expense represents each entity’s proportionate share of the consolidated provision for income taxes. Income tax expense represents the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. On the balance sheet, net deferred tax assets are included in accrued interest receivable and other assets. The realization of deferred income tax assets is assessed and a valuation allowance is recorded if it is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. ‘‘More likely than not’’ is defined as greater than a 50% chance. All available evidence, both positive and negative is considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - The Company uses a comprehensive model for recognizing, measuring, presenting and disclosing in the financial statements tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is more likely than not that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the more likely than not test, no tax benefit is recorded. Interest expense and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits, if any, are classified as income tax expense in the consolidated statement of income. Retirement Plans - Employee 401(k) plan expense is the amount of employer matching contributions. Profit sharing plan expense is the amount of employer contributions. Contributions to the profit sharing plan are determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Deferred compensation and supplemental retirement plan expense is allocated over years of service. 18 Earnings Per Common Share - Basic earnings per common share (EPS), which excludes dilution, is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (net income after deducting dividends, if any, on preferred stock and accretion of discount) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock, such as stock options or warrants, result in the issuance of common stock which shares in the earnings of the Company. All data with respect to computing earnings per share is retroactively adjusted to reflect stock dividends and splits and the treasury stock method is applied to determine the dilutive effect of stock options in computing diluted EPS. Comprehensive Income - Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale which are also recognized as separate components of equity. Loss Contingencies - Loss contingencies, including claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. Management does not believe there are such matters that will have a material effect on the financial statements. Restrictions on Cash: - Cash on hand or on deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank was required to meet regulatory reserve and clearing requirements. Share-Based Compensation - Compensation cost is recognized for stock options and restricted stock awards issued to employees, based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. A Black-Scholes-Merton model is utilized to estimate the fair value of stock options, while the market price of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant is used for restricted stock awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the required service period, generally defined as the vesting period. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the entire award. The cash flows from the tax benefits resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options (excess tax benefits) are classified as cash flows from financing activity in the statement of cash flows. Excess tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 were $6,000, $7,000, and $17,000, respectively. Dividend Restriction: - Banking regulations require maintaining certain capital levels and may limit the dividends paid by the Bank to the Company or by the Company to shareholders. Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Fair values of financial instruments are estimated using relevant market information and other assumptions, as more fully disclosed in Note 3. Fair value estimates involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment regarding interest rates, credit risk, prepayments, and other factors, especially in the absence of broad markets for particular items. Changes in assumptions or in market conditions could significantly affect these estimates. Reclassifications - Some items in the prior years’ financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior years’ net income or shareholders’ equity. Recently Issued Accounting Standards: FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-03 - Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30)—Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs: ASU 2015-03 requires the debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs is not affected by the amendments in ASU 2015-03. ASU 2015-03 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2016, and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-16 - Business Combinations (Subtopic 805)—Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments: Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) ASU 2015-16 requires that adjustments to provisional amounts that are identified during the measurement period of a business combination be recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustment amounts are determined. Furthermore, the income statement effects of such adjustments, if any, must be calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment to the provisional amounts had been recognized as of the acquisition date is required to be reported separately on the face of the income statement, or disclosed within the footnotes to the financial statements. Under previous guidance, adjustments to provisional amounts identified during the measurement period are to be recognized retrospectively. ASU 2015-16 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2016 and is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-01 - Financial Instruments— Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, was issued January 2016. ASU 2016-01 addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. Most notably the ASU changes the income statement impact of equity investments held by the Company and the requirement for the Company to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. The Company will be required to adopt the provisions of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018. Management is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on the Company’s financial statements. 2. ACQUISITION OF VISALIA COMMUNITY BANK Effective July 1, 2013, the Company acquired Visalia Community Bank, headquartered in Visalia, California, wherein Visalia Community Bank, with three branches in Visalia and one branch in Exeter, merged with and into Central Valley Community Bancorp’s subsidiary, Central Valley Community Bank, in a combined cash and stock transaction. Visalia Community Bank’s assets (unaudited) as of July 1, 2013 totaled approximately $197.621 million. The acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Under the terms of the merger agreement, the Company issued an aggregate of approximately 1.263 million shares of its common stock and cash totaling approximately $11.05 million to the former shareholders of Visalia Community Bank. Each Visalia Community Bank common shareholder of record at the effective time of the merger became entitled to receive 2.971 shares of common stock of the Company for each of their shares of Visalia Community Bank common stock. In accordance with GAAP guidance for business combinations, the Company recorded $6.34 million of goodwill and $1.4 million of other intangible assets on the acquisition date. The other intangible assets are primarily related to core deposits and are being amortized using a straight-line method over a period of ten years with no significant residual value. For tax purposes, purchase accounting adjustments including goodwill are all non-taxable and/or non-deductible. The acquisition was consistent with the Company’s strategy to build a regional presence in Central California. The acquisition offers the Company the opportunity to increase profitability by introducing existing products and services to the acquired customer base as well as add new customers in the expanded region. Pro Forma Results of Operations The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Visalia Community Bank since July 1, 2013. The following table presents pro forma results of operations information for the periods presented as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2013 after giving effect to certain adjustments. The pro forma results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013 include the historical accounts of the Company and Visalia Community Bank and pro forma adjustments as may be required, including the amortization of intangibles with definite lives and the amortization or accretion of any premiums or discounts arising from fair value adjustments for assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The pro forma information is intended for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the Company’s future operating results or operating results that would have occurred had the acquisition been completed at the beginning of 2013. No assumptions have been applied to the pro forma results of operations regarding possible revenue enhancements, expense efficiencies or asset dispositions. (In thousands, except per share amounts): For the Year Ended December 31, 2013 $36,773 298 8,576 36,917 8,134 783 $ 7,351 350 $ 7,001 $ $ 0.68 0.68 Net interest income Provision for credit losses Non-interest income Non-interest expense Income before provision for income taxes Provision for income taxes Net income Preferred stock dividends and accretion Net income available to common shareholders Basic earnings per common share Diluted earnings per common share 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Fair Value Hierarchy Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. In accordance with applicable guidance, the Company groups its assets and liabilities measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. Valuations within these levels are based upon: Level - 1 Quoted market prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments traded in active exchange markets that the Company has the ability to access as of the measurement date. Level - 2 Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. Level - 3 Model-based techniques that use at least one significant assumption not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use on pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include management judgment and estimation which may be significant. Management monitors the availability of observable market data to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy. Changes in economic conditions or model-based valuation techniques may require the transfer of financial instruments from one fair value level to another. In such instances, we report the transfer at the beginning of the reporting period. 19 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued) The estimated carrying and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2015 Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Carrying Amount $ 23,339 $ 23,339 $ - $ - $ 23,339 70,988 290 70,988 290 - - - - - 70,988 290 477,554 investment securities 477,554 7,536 470,018 31,712 588,501 - - 35,142 - - 585,737 35,142 585,737 4,823 N/A N/A N/A N/A 6,355 27 3,414 2,914 6,355 1,116,267 976,433 139,353 - 1,115,786 5,155 101 - - - 76 3,200 3,200 25 101 December 31, 2014 Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Carrying Amount $ 21,316 $ 21,316 $ - $ - $ 21,316 Financial assets: Cash and due from banks Interest-earning deposits in other banks Federal funds sold Available-for-sale Held-to-maturity investment securities Loans, net Federal Home Loan Bank stock Accrued interest receivable Financial liabilities: Deposits Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures Accrued interest payable Financial assets: Cash and due from banks Interest-earning deposits in other banks Federal funds sold Available-for-sale 55,646 366 55,646 366 - - - - - 55,646 366 432,535 investment securities 432,535 7,585 424,950 Held-to-maturity investment securities Loans, net Federal Home Loan Bank stock Accrued interest receivable Financial liabilities: Deposits Junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures Accrued interest payable 31,964 564,280 - - 35,096 - - 564,667 35,096 564,667 4,791 N/A N/A N/A N/A 5,793 25 3,212 2,556 5,793 1,039,152 885,704 153,475 - 1,039,179 5,155 114 - - - 90 3,119 3,119 24 114 These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument for sale at one time, nor do they attempt to estimate the value of anticipated future business related to the instruments. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in any of these estimates. 20 These estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market data and information about the financial instruments. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the fair values presented. The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair values are described as follows: (a) Cash and Cash Equivalents - The carrying amounts of cash and due from banks, interest-earning deposits in other banks, and Federal funds sold approximate fair values and are classified as Level 1. (b) Investment Securities - Investment securities in Level 1 are mutual funds and fair values are based on quoted market prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Fair values for investment securities classified in Level 2 are based on quoted market prices for similar securities in active markets. For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators. (c) Loans - Fair values of loans are estimated as follows: For variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values resulting in a Level 3 classification. Purchased credit impaired (PCI) loans are measured at estimated fair value on the date of acquisition. Carrying value is calculated as the present value of expected cash flows and approximates fair value. Fair values for other loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality resulting in a Level 3 classification. Impaired loans are initially valued at the lower of cost or fair value. Impaired loans carried at fair value generally receive specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. The methods utilized to estimate the fair value of loans do not necessarily represent an exit price. (d) FHLB Stock - It is not practicable to determine the fair value of FHLB stock due to restrictions placed on its transferability. (e) Other real estate owned - OREO is measured at fair value less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. The Company records OREO as non-recurring with level 3 measurement inputs. (f) Deposits - Fair value of demand deposit, savings, and money market accounts are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date (i.e., their carrying amount) resulting in a Level 1 classification. Fair value for fixed and variable rate certificates of deposit are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses using interest rates offered at each reporting date by the Company for certificates with similar remaining maturities resulting in a Level 2 classification. (g) Short-Term Borrowings - The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings, generally maturing within ninety days, approximate their fair values resulting in a Level 2 classification. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued) Non-recurring Basis (h) Other Borrowings - The fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements resulting in a Level 2 classification. The fair values of the Company’s Subordinated Debentures are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements resulting in a Level 3 classification. (i) Accrued Interest Receivable/Payable - The fair value of accrued interest receivable and payable is based on the fair value hierarchy of the related asset or liability. (j) Off-Balance Sheet Instruments - Fair values for off-balance sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair value of commitments is not material. Assets Recorded at Fair Value The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These include the following assets and liabilities that are measured at the lower of cost or fair value that were recognized at fair value which was below cost at December 31, 2015 (in thousands): Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Impaired loans: Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit $ 132 $ - $ - $ Total consumer Total impaired loans 132 132 - - - - 132 132 132 The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2015: Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis $ 132 $ - $ - $ 132 Recurring Basis The Company is required or permitted to record the following assets at fair value on a recurring basis under other accounting pronouncements (in thousands): Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Available-for-sale investment securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies $ Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations Private label residential mortgage backed securities Other equity securities 52,901 $ - $ 52,901 $ 188,268 225,259 - - 188,268 225,259 3,590 7,536 - 7,536 3,590 - Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis $ 477,554 $ 7,536 $ 470,018 $ - - - - - - Securities in Level 1 are mutual funds and fair values are based on quoted market prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Fair values for available-for-sale investment securities in Level 2 are based on quoted market prices for similar securities in active markets. For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators. Management evaluates the significance of transfers between levels based upon the nature of the financial instrument and size of the transfer relative to total assets, total liabilities or total earnings. During the year ended December 31, 2015, no transfers between levels occurred. There were no Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2015. Also there were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2015. At the time a loan is considered impaired, it is valued at the lower of cost or fair value. Impaired loans carried at fair value generally receive specific allocations of the allowance for credit losses. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate collateral may be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower’s financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and client’s business, resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification. The fair value of impaired loans is based on the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans were determined to be collateral dependent and categorized as Level 3 due to ongoing real estate market conditions resulting in inactive market data, which in turn required the use of unobservable inputs and assumptions in fair value measurements. Impaired loans evaluated under the discounted cash flow method are excluded from the table above. The discounted cash flow method as prescribed by ASC 310 is not a fair value measurement since the discount rate utilized is the loan’s effective interest rate which is not a market rate. There were no changes in valuation techniques used during the year ended December 31, 2015. Appraisals for collateral-dependent impaired loans are performed by certified general appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed and verified by the Company. Once received, the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the overall resulting fair value is compared with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics. Impaired loans that are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, had a principal balance of $166,000 with a valuation allowance of $34,000 at December 31, 2015, and a resulting fair value of $132,000. The valuation allowance represents specific allocations for the allowance for credit losses for impaired loans. During the year ended December 31, 2015 there was no provision for credit losses related to loans carried at fair value, compared to a provision of $3,921,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014. During the year ended December 31, 2015 there were no net charge-offs related to loans carried at fair value compared to $3,539,000 of charge-offs for the year ended December 31, 2014. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2015. 21 Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 credit Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued) The following two tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2014: Recurring Basis The Company is required or permitted to record the following assets at fair value on a recurring basis under other accounting pronouncements (in thousands): Available-for-sale securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies $ Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations Private label residential mortgage backed securities Other equity securities 33,090 $ - $ 33,090 $ 149,295 237,872 - - 149,295 237,872 4,693 7,585 - 7,585 4,693 - Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis $ 432,535 $ 7,585 $ 424,950 $ Securities in Level 1 are mutual funds and fair values are based on quoted market prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. Fair values for available-for-sale investment securities in Level 2 are based on quoted market prices for similar securities in active markets. For securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are not available, fair values are calculated using discounted cash flows or other market indicators. There were no Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2014. Also there were no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2014. Non-recurring Basis The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These include the following assets and liabilities that are measured at the lower of cost or fair value that were 22 recognized at fair value which was below cost at December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Impaired loans: Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ 7,019 $ - $ - $ 7,019 Total commercial 7,019 Consumer: Equity loans and lines of Total consumer 777 777 - - - - - - 7,019 777 777 - - - - - - Total impaired loans $ 7,796 $ - $ - $ 7,796 Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis $ 7,796 $ - $ - $ 7,796 Impaired loans that are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans had a principal balance of $8,239,000 with a valuation allowance of $443,000 at December 31, 2014, and a resulting fair value of $7,796,000. The valuation allowance represents specific allocations for the allowance for credit losses for impaired loans. The following table presents quantitative information about level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands): Description Fair Value Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Input(s) Range (Weighted Average) Commercial $ 7,019 and industrial Sales comparison Appraiser adjustments on sales comparable data 0.00%-6.00% Management Management estimates adjustments for depreciation in values depending on property types 8.00%-25.00% Equity loans $ 777 and lines of credit Sales comparison Appraiser adjustments on sales comparable data 0.00%-3.50% Management Management estimates adjustments for depreciation in values depending on property types 11.00% 4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES The fair value of the available-for-sale investment portfolio reflected an unrealized gain of $7,474,000 at December 31, 2015 compared to an unrealized gain of $8,896,000 at December 31, 2014. The unrealized gain recorded is net of $3,076,000 and $3,661,000 in tax liabilities as accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued) December 31, 2014 The following tables set forth the carrying values and estimated fair values of our investment securities portfolio at the dates indicated (in thousands): Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Gains Losses Gross Cost Estimated Fair Value December 31, 2015 Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Gains Losses Gross Cost Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt securities: Obligations of states and political subdivisions Estimated Fair Value $ 31,964 $ 3,138 $ (6) $ 35,096 Available-for-Sale Securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies $ Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations Private label residential mortgage backed securities Other equity securities 52,803 $ 315 $ (217) $ 52,901 181,785 6,779 (296) 188,268 225,636 1,042 (1,419) 225,259 2,356 7,500 1,234 36 - - 3,590 7,536 During 2014, the Company transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity selected municipal securities having a book value of $31,346,000, and a market value of $31,509,000, including a net unrealized gain of $163,000. During the year ended and at December 31, 2015, accretion of this unrealized gain totaling $78,000 was recorded as interest income and the remaining balance of unamortized unrealized gains of $64,000 is included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. During the year ended and at December 31, 2014, accretion of this unrealized gain totaling $21,000 was recorded as interest income and the remaining balance of unamortized unrealized gains of $142,000 is included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity. Proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) on investment securities for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 are shown below (in thousands): $ 470,080 $ 9,406 $ (1,932) $ 477,554 Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 December 31, 2015 Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Gains Losses Gross Cost Estimated Fair Value Available-for-Sale Securities Proceeds from sales or calls Gross realized gains from sales or calls Gross realized losses from sales or calls Held-to-Maturity Securities Proceeds from calls Gross realized gains from calls $ $ $ $ $ $ 93,167 $ 1,715 (234) $ $ 79,757 $ 1,754 (850) $ 88,146 2,728 (1,463) 810 14 $ $ - - $ $ - - Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt securities: Obligations of states and political subdivisions $ 31,712 $ 3,431 $ (1) $ 35,142 December 31, 2014 Gross Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Gains Losses Gross Cost Estimated Fair Value Available-for-Sale Securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies $ Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations Private label residential mortgage backed securities Other equity securities 33,088 $ 245 $ (243) $ 33,090 143,343 6,266 (314) 149,295 236,629 2,033 (790) 237,872 3,079 7,500 1,614 85 - - 4,693 7,585 $ 423,639 $ 10,243 $ (1,347) $ 432,535 Losses recognized in 2015, 2014, and 2013 were incurred in order to reposition the investment securities portfolio based on the current rate environment. The securities which were sold at a loss were acquired when the rate environment was not as volatile. The securities which were sold were primarily purchased several years ago to serve a purpose in the rate environment in which the securities were purchased. The Company addressed risks in the security portfolio by selling these securities and using the proceeds to purchase securities that fit with the Company’s current risk profile. The provision for income taxes includes $615,000, $372,000, and $521,000 income tax impact from the reclassification of unrealized net gains on available-for-sale securities to realized net gains on available-for-sale securities for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. 23 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued) Investment securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2015 and 2014 are summarized and classified according to the duration of the loss period as follows (in thousands): December 31, 2015 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Available-for-Sale Securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations $ 21,348 $ (125) $ 3,954 $ (92) $ 25,302 $ (217) 40,016 (296) - - 40,016 (296) 124,688 (1,109) 16,234 (310) 140,922 (1,419) $ 186,052 $ (1,530) $ 20,188 $ (402) $ 206,240 $ (1,932) December 31, 2015 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt Securities: Obligations of states and political subdivisions $ 1,053 $ (1) $ - $ - $ 1,053 $ (1) December 31, 2014 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Available-for-Sale Securities Debt Securities: U.S. Government agencies Obligations of states and political subdivisions U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations $ 10,950 $ (193) $ 1,737 $ (50) $ 12,687 $ (243) 16,776 (89) 15,290 (225) 32,066 (314) 52,905 (420) 31,000 (370) 83,905 (790) $ 80,631 $ (702) $ 48,027 $ (645) $ 128,658 $ (1,347) December 31, 2014 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Held-to-Maturity Securities Debt Securities: Obligations of states and political subdivisions $ 1,067 $ (6) $ - $ - $ 1,067 $ (6) 24 We periodically evaluate each investment security for other-than-temporary impairment, relying primarily on industry analyst reports, observation of market conditions and interest rate fluctuations. The portion of the impairment that is attributable to a shortage in the present value of expected future cash flows relative to the amortized cost should be recorded as a current period charge to earnings. The discount rate in this analysis is the original yield expected at time of purchase. As of December 31, 2015, the Company performed an analysis of the investment portfolio to determine whether any of the investments held in the portfolio had an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). Management evaluated all investment securities with an unrealized loss at December 31, 2015, and identified those that had an unrealized loss for at least a consecutive 12 month period, which had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2015 greater than 10% of the recorded book value on that date, or which had an unrealized loss of more than $10,000. Management also analyzed any securities that may have been downgraded by credit rating agencies. For those bonds that met the evaluation criteria management obtained and reviewed the most recently published national credit ratings for those bonds. For those bonds that were municipal debt securities with an investment grade rating by the rating agencies, management also evaluated the financial condition of the municipality and any applicable municipal bond insurance provider and concluded that no credit related impairment existed. U.S. Government Agencies - At December 31, 2015, the Company held 17 U.S. Government agency securities of which seven were in a loss position for less than 12 months and one was in a loss position and has been in a loss position for 12 months or more. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in U.S. Government Agencies were caused by interest rate changes. The contractual terms of those investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the amortized costs of the investment. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell, and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell those investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2015. Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions - At December 31, 2015, the Company held 154 obligations of states and political subdivision securities of which 13 were in a loss position for less than 12 months and none were in a loss position and have been in a loss position for 12 months or more. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in obligations of states and political subdivision securities were caused by interest rate changes. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell, and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell those investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2015. U.S. Government Sponsored Entities and Agencies Collateralized by Residential Mortgage Obligations - At December 31, 2015, the Company held 186 U.S. Government sponsored entity and agency securities collateralized by residential mortgage obligation securities of which 48 were in a loss position for less than 12 months and 14 in a loss position for more than 12 months. The unrealized losses on the Company’s investments in U.S. Government sponsored entity and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations were caused by interest rate changes. The contractual cash flows of those investments are guaranteed or supported by an agency or sponsored entity of the U.S. Government. Accordingly, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, and because the Company does not intend to sell, and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell those investments until a recovery of fair value, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2015. Private Label Residential Mortgage Backed Securities - At December 31, 2015, the Company had a total of 17 PLRMBS with a remaining principal balance of $2,356,000 and a gross and net unrealized gain of approximately $1,234,000. None of these securities had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2015. Nine of these PLRMBS with a remaining principal balance of $2,094,000 had credit Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (Continued) 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ratings below investment grade. The Company continues to monitor these securities for changes in credit ratings or other indications of credit deterioration. The following table provides a rollforward for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 of investment securities credit losses recorded in earnings (in thousands). The beginning balance represents the credit loss component for which OTTI occurred on debt securities in prior periods. Additions represent the first time a debt security was credit impaired or when subsequent credit impairments have occurred on securities for which OTTI credit losses have been previously recognized. Beginning balance of credit losses recognized Amounts related to credit loss for which an OTTI charge was not previously recognized Change in value attributable to other factors Ending balance of credit losses recognized Years ended December 31, 2015 2014 747 $ 800 - - - (53) 747 $ 747 $ $ The amortized cost and estimated fair value of investment securities at December 31, 2015 and 2014 by contractual maturity are shown in the two tables below (in thousands). Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Available-for-Sale Securities Within one year After one year through five years After five years through ten years After ten years Investment securities not due at a single maturity date: U.S. Government agencies U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage obligations Private label residential mortgage backed securities Other equity securities Held-to-Maturity Securities After ten years December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value $ - 12,297 37,376 132,112 $ - 12,695 38,397 137,176 181,785 188,268 225,636 225,259 2,356 7,500 3,590 7,536 $ 470,080 $ 477,554 December 31, 2015 Amortized Cost Estimated Fair Value $ 31,712 $ 35,142 Investment securities with amortized costs totaling $116,268,000 and $96,490,000 and fair values totaling $119,773,000 and $100,747,000 were pledged as collateral for borrowing arrangements, public funds and for other purposes at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Outstanding loans are summarized as follows (in thousands): Loan Type Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Total December 31, % of Total December 31, % of Total 2015 loans 2014 loans $ 102,197 17.1% $ 89,007 15.5% 30,472 5.1% 39,140 6.8% commercial 132,669 22.2% 128,147 Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Net deferred origination costs Total gross loans Allowance for credit losses 168,910 28.2% 176,804 38,685 6.5% 38,923 117,244 19.6% 106,788 74,867 10,520 12.5% 1.8% 57,501 6,611 22.3% 30.9% 6.8% 18.7% 10.0% 1.2% 410,226 68.6% 386,627 67.6% 42,296 12,503 7.1% 2.1% 47,575 10,093 8.3% 1.8% 54,799 9.2% 57,668 10.1% 417 146 598,111 100.0% 572,588 100.0% (9,610) (8,308) At December 31, 2015 and 2014, loans originated under Small Business Administration (SBA) programs totaling $10,704,000 and $8,782,000, respectively, were included in the real estate and commercial categories. Approximately $215,223,000 in loans were pledged under a blanket lien as collateral to the FHLB for the Bank’s remaining borrowing capacity of $308,356,000 as of December 31, 2015. The Bank’s credit limit varies according to the amount and composition of the investment and loan portfolios pledged as collateral. Salaries and employee benefits totaling $2,056,000, $1,657,000, and $1,373,000 have been deferred as loan origination costs for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Purchased Credit Impaired Loans At December 31, 2013, the Company had loans that were acquired in an acquisition, for which there was, at acquisition, evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected. There were no such loans outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014. Purchased credit impaired (PCI) loans are recorded at the amount paid, such that there is no carryover of the seller’s allowance for loan losses. The Company estimates the amount and timing of expected cash flows for each loan and the expected cash flows in excess of amount paid is recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan (accretable yield). The excess of the loan’s contractual principal and interest over expected cash flows is not recorded 25 52,803 52,901 Total loans $ 588,501 $ 564,280 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) (nonaccretable difference). Over the life of the loan, expected cash flows continue to be estimated. If the present value of expected cash flows is less than the carrying amount, a loss is recorded. If the present value of expected cash flows is greater than the carrying amount, it is recognized as part of future interest income. Accretable yield, or income expected to be collected for the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Balance at beginning of year New loans acquired Accretion of income Reclassification from non-accretable difference Disposals Balance at end of year $ $ - - - - - - $ $ $ 94 - (907) 813 - - $ - 105 (124) 113 - 94 Allowance for Credit Losses The allowance for credit losses (the ‘‘allowance’’) is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The allowance is established through a provision for credit losses which is charged to expense. Additions to the allowance are expected to maintain the adequacy of the total allowance after credit losses and loan growth. Credit exposures determined to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance. Cash received on previously charged-off credits is recorded as a recovery to the allowance. The overall allowance consists of two primary components, specific reserves related to impaired loans and general reserves for probable incurred losses related to loans that are not impaired. For all portfolio segments, the determination of the general reserve for loans that are not impaired is based on estimates made by management, including but not limited to, consideration of historical losses by portfolio segment (and in certain cases peer loss data) over the most recent 20 quarters, and qualitative factors including economic trends in the Company’s service areas, industry experience and trends, geographic concentrations, estimated collateral values, the Company’s underwriting policies, the character of the loan portfolio, and probable losses inherent in the portfolio taken as a whole. Changes in the allowance for credit losses were as follows (in thousands): Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Balance, beginning of year Provision charged to operations Losses charged to allowance Recoveries $ $ $ 8,308 600 (961) 1,663 9,208 7,985 (9,834) 949 10,133 - (1,446) 521 Balance, end of year $ 9,610 $ 8,308 $ 9,208 The following table shows the summary of activities for the allowance for credit losses as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 by portfolio segment (in thousands): Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance, January 1, 2015 Provision charged to operations Losses charged to allowance Recoveries Ending balance, December 31, 2015 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance, January 1, 2014 Provision charged to operations Losses charged to allowance Recoveries Ending balance, December 31, 2014 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,130 190 (802) 1,044 3,562 2,444 9,660 (9,145) 171 $ $ $ 4,058 1,114 - 32 5,204 5,174 (1,447) (183) 514 $ $ $ 1,078 (772) (159) 587 734 1,168 152 (506) 264 $ $ $ 42 68 - - 110 422 (380) - - 8,308 600 (961) 1,663 9,610 9,208 7,985 (9,834) 949 3,130 $ 4,058 $ 1,078 $ 42 $ 8,308 The following is a summary of the allowance for credit losses by impairment methodology and portfolio segment as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Allowance for credit losses: Ending balance, December 31, 2015 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment Ending balance, December 31, 2014 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 26 Commercial Real Estate Consumer Unallocated Total $ $ $ $ $ $ 3,562 1 3,561 3,130 230 2,900 $ $ $ $ $ $ 5,204 128 5,076 4,058 162 3,896 $ $ $ $ $ $ 734 35 699 1,078 220 858 $ $ $ $ $ $ 110 - 110 42 - 42 $ $ $ $ $ $ 9,610 164 9,446 8,308 612 7,696 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following table shows the ending balances of loans as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 by portfolio segment and by impairment methodology (in thousands): Loans: Ending balance, December 31, 2015 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment Loans: Ending balance, December 31, 2014 Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment Commercial Real Estate Consumer Total $ $ $ $ $ $ 132,669 30 132,639 128,147 7,268 120,879 $ $ $ $ $ $ 410,226 5,199 405,027 386,627 8,512 378,115 $ $ $ $ $ $ 54,799 1,470 53,329 57,668 3,046 54,622 $ $ $ $ $ $ 597,694 6,699 590,995 572,442 18,826 553,616 The following table shows the loan portfolio by class allocated by management’s internal risk ratings at December 31, 2015 (in thousands): Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Real Estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment $ 77,783 20,422 $ 22,607 - $ 1,807 10,050 $ 163,570 34,916 110,833 66,347 10,520 40,332 12,488 3,785 644 1,683 - - - - 1,555 3,125 4,728 8,520 - 1,964 15 Total $ 537,211 $ 28,719 $ 31,764 $ - - - - - - - - - - $ 102,197 30,472 168,910 38,685 117,244 74,867 10,520 42,296 12,503 $ 597,694 The following table shows the loan portfolio by class allocated by management’s internally assigned risk grade ratings at December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Real Estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment $ 78,333 39,140 $ 170,568 32,114 95,831 55,018 6,611 42,334 10,072 2,345 - 2,778 1,130 215 2,123 - 72 - $ 8,329 - $ 3,458 5,679 10,742 360 - 5,169 21 Total $ 530,021 $ 8,663 $ 33,758 $ - - - - - - - - - - $ 89,007 39,140 176,804 38,923 106,788 57,501 6,611 47,575 10,093 $ 572,442 27 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following table shows an aging analysis of the loan portfolio by class and the time past due at December 31, 2015 (in thousands): Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment > 90 Days Accruing Non- accrual Greater Than 90 Days Past Due $ 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and $ production Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment $ - - - - - 98 - - - 38 - - - - - - - 166 - Total $ 136 $ 166 $ - - - - - - - - - - $ - - - - 98 - - 166 38 $ 102,197 $ 102,197 $ 30,472 - 168,910 38,685 117,146 74,867 10,520 - 42,130 12,465 30,472 - 168,910 38,685 117,244 74,867 10,520 - 42,296 12,503 $ 302 $ 597,392 $ 597,694 $ The following table shows an aging analysis of the loan portfolio by class and the time past due at December 31, 2014 (in thousands): Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due $ 172 $ 88 $ - - 164 547 - - - - 30 - - - - - - - - Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans Recorded Investment > 90 Days Accruing - - 249 - - - - 227 - $ 260 $ 88,747 $ 89,007 $ - 413 547 - - - 227 30 39,140 176,391 38,376 106,788 57,501 6,611 47,348 10,063 39,140 - 176,804 38,923 106,788 57,501 6,611 - 47,575 10,093 Total $ 913 $ 88 $ 476 $ 1,477 $ 570,965 $ 572,442 $ 28 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ 29 - 347 - 567 - - 1,457 13 $ 2,413 Non- accrual $ 7,265 - 1,363 547 1,468 360 - 3,030 19 $ 14,052 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following table shows information related to impaired loans by class at December 31, 2014 (in thousands): The following table shows information related to impaired loans by class at December 31, 2015 (in thousands): Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial $ - $ 1 $ Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Total with no related allowance recorded With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Real estate: Owner occupied Commercial real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Total with an allowance recorded Total 166 3,125 1,162 4,453 1,291 5,744 30 180 566 746 166 13 179 955 $ 6,699 $ 245 3,125 1,302 4,672 1,991 6,664 33 212 588 800 179 15 194 1,027 7,691 $ - - - - - - - 1 18 110 128 33 2 35 164 164 The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and net loan origination fees, due to immateriality. Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Total commercial Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Total with no related allowance recorded With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Total with an allowance recorded Total $ 6,440 $ 9,991 $ — 6,440 1,188 547 1,794 360 3,889 1,722 11,713 1,255 799 1,794 360 4,208 2,019 2,707 12,348 18,628 828 199 3,542 882 4,623 1,008 19 1,027 6,478 835 219 3,542 1,022 4,783 1,026 21 1,047 6,665 $ 18,826 $ 25,293 $ — — — — — — — — — — 230 30 72 60 162 217 3 220 612 612 The recorded investment in loans excludes accrued interest receivable and net loan origination fees, due to immateriality. 29 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following presents by class, information related to the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (in thousands): With no related allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Total commercial Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Total with no related allowance recorded With an allowance recorded: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Total commercial Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Total with an allowance recorded Total Year Ended December 31, 2015 Year Ended December 31, 2014 Year Ended December 31, 2013 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized $ 2,921 $ 2,921 770 1,266 1,939 211 4,186 1,858 - 1,858 8,965 243 243 190 2,297 753 3,240 328 16 344 3,827 - - 231 79 - - 310 - - - 310 - - - - - - - - - - - $ 638 $ 638 2,063 1,276 574 28 3,941 1,826 8 1,834 6,413 423 423 264 3,782 214 4,260 303 27 330 5,013 $ 12,792 $ 310 $ 11,426 $ - - 2 24 - - 26 - - - 26 - - - - 267 55 322 - - - 322 348 $ 329 $ 329 2,321 2,342 279 - 4,942 1,998 9 2,007 7,278 1,309 1,309 997 4,295 - 5,292 489 - 489 7,090 $ 14,368 $ - - - - - - - - - - - 111 111 - 86 329 47 462 - - - 573 573 Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans totaled $340,000, $716,000, and $661,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Interest income recognized on cash basis during the years presented above was not considered significant for financial reporting purposes. Troubled Debt Restructurings: As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company has a recorded investment in troubled debt restructurings of $5,623,000 and, $6,600,000, respectively. The Company has allocated $1,000 and $132,000 of specific reserves for those loans at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company has committed to lend no additional amounts as of December 31, 2015 to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as troubled debt restructurings. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 the terms of certain loans were modified as troubled debt restructurings. The modification of the terms of such loans included one or a combination of the following: a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan or an extension of the maturity date at a stated rate of interest lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk. During the same periods, there were no troubled debt restructurings in which the amount of principal or accrued interest owed from the borrower were forgiven. 30 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 5. LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2015 (dollars in thousands): Troubled Debt Restructurings: Commercial: Commercial and industrial Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1) Number of Loans Principal Modification Post Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (2) Outstanding Recorded Investment 2 $ 42 $ - $ 42 $ 30 (1) Amounts represent the recorded investment in loans before recognizing effects of the TDR, if any. (2) Balance outstanding after principal modification, if any borrower reduction to recorded investment. The following table presents loans by class modified as troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2014 (dollars in thousands): Troubled Debt Restructurings: Commercial: Commercial and Industrial Consumer Equity loans and line of credit Total Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1) Number of Loans Principal Modification Post Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (2) Outstanding Recorded Investment 1 1 2 $ $ 25 $ 7 32 $ - - - $ $ 25 $ 7 32 $ 25 4 29 (1) Amounts represent the recorded investment in loans before recognizing effects of the TDR, if any. (2) Balance outstanding after principal modification, if any borrower reduction to recorded investment. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms. There were no defaults on troubled debt restructurings within 12 months following the modification during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014. 6. BANK PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT Bank premises and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands): 7. OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED The Company had no other real estate owned (OREO) at December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. The table below provides a summary of the change in other real estate owned (OREO) balances for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands): Land Buildings and improvements Furniture, fixtures and equipment Leasehold improvements Less accumulated depreciation and amortization December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ 1,131 6,680 10,539 4,005 22,355 1,131 6,545 9,943 4,055 21,674 (13,063) (11,725) $ 9,292 $ 9,949 Depreciation and amortization included in occupancy and equipment expense totaled $1,392,000, $1,355,000 and $1,133,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Balance, beginning of year Additions 1st lien assumed upon foreclosure Dispositions Write-downs Net gain on dispositions Balance, end of year December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ $ - 227 121 (359) - 11 - $ 190 235 - (488) - 63 - As of December 31, 2015 the Bank had no OREO properties. In 2015, the Bank foreclosed on one property collateralized by real estate. Proceeds from OREO sales totaled $359,000 during 2015. The Company realized $11,000 in net gains from the sale of all properties. As of December 31, 2014 the Bank had no OREO properties. In 2014, the Bank foreclosed on one property collateralized by real estate. Proceeds from OREO sales totaled $488,000 during 2015. The Company realized $63,000 in net gains from the sale of all properties. 31 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 8. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 9. DEPOSITS The change in goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 is as follows (in thousands): Interest-bearing deposits consisted of the following (in thousands): Balance, beginning of year Acquired goodwill Impairment Balance, end of year $ $ 2015 2014 2013 $ 29,917 - - $ 29,917 - - 23,577 6,340 - 29,917 $ 29,917 $ 29,917 Savings Money market NOW accounts Time, $250,000 or more Time, under $250,000 December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ 81,383 239,241 227,167 42,149 97,554 71,381 228,268 209,781 45,792 107,528 $ 687,494 $ 662,750 Business combinations involving the Company’s acquisition of the equity interests or net assets of another enterprise give rise to goodwill. Total goodwill at December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $29,917,000. Total goodwill at December 31, 2015 consisted of $6,340,000, $14,643,000 and $8,934,000 representing the excess of the cost of Visalia Community Bank, Service 1st Bancorp and Bank of Madera County, respectively, over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transactions accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The value of goodwill is ultimately derived from the Company’s ability to generate net earnings after the acquisitions and is not deductible for tax purposes. A decline in net earnings could be indicative of a decline in the fair value of goodwill and result in impairment. For that reason, goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment. The Company has selected September 30 as the date to perform the annual impairment test. Management assessed qualitative factors including performance trends and noted no factors indicating goodwill impairment. Goodwill is also tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the Company below its carrying amount. No such events or circumstances arose during the fourth quarter of 2015, so goodwill was not required to be retested. The intangible assets at December 31, 2015 represent the estimated fair value of the core deposit relationships acquired in the acquisition of Service 1st Bank in 2008 of $1,400,000 and the 2013 acquisition of Visalia Community Bank of $1,365,000. Core deposit intangibles are being amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated life of seven to ten years from the date of acquisition. At December 31, 2015, the weighted average remaining amortization period is seven years. The carrying value of intangible assets at December 31, 2015 was $1,024,000, net of $1,741,000 in accumulated amortization expense. The carrying value at December 31, 2014 was $1,344,000, net of $1,421,000 in accumulated amortization expense. Management evaluates the remaining useful lives quarterly to determine whether events or circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining periods of amortization. Based on the evaluation, no changes to the remaining useful lives was required. Management performed an annual impairment test on core deposit intangibles as of September 30, 2015 and determined no impairment was necessary. Amortization expense recognized was $320,000 for 2015, $337,000 for 2014, and $268,000 for 2013. The following table summarizes the Company’s estimated core deposit intangible amortization expense for each of the next five years (in thousands): Estimated Core Deposit Intangible Amortization $ $ 137 137 137 137 137 339 1,024 Years Ending December 31, 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Total 32 Aggregate annual maturities of time deposits are as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter $ 108,380 19,485 7,874 1,630 1,693 641 $ 139,703 Interest expense recognized on interest-bearing deposits consisted of the following (in thousands): Savings Money market NOW accounts Time certificates of deposit Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 $ $ $ 30 141 231 546 $ 32 174 209 645 40 229 251 750 948 $ 1,060 $ 1,270 10. BORROWING ARRANGEMENTS Federal Home Loan Bank Advances - As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had no Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) of San Francisco advances. Approximately $215,223,000 in loans were pledged under a blanket lien as collateral to the FHLB for the Bank’s remaining borrowing capacity of $308,356,000 as of December 31, 2015. FHLB advances are also secured by investment securities with amortized costs totaling $750,000 and $1,256,000 and market values totaling $825,000 and $1,364,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Bank’s credit limit varies according to the amount and composition of the investment and loan portfolios pledged as collateral. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had no Federal funds purchased. Lines of Credit - The Bank had unsecured lines of credit with its correspondent banks which, in the aggregate, amounted to $40,000,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, at interest rates which vary with market conditions. The Bank also had a line of credit in the amount of $2,328,000 and $2,441,000 with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which bears interest at the prevailing discount rate collateralized by investment securities with amortized costs totaling $2,578,000 and $2,729,000 and market values totaling $2,598,000 and $2,757,000, respectively. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Bank had no outstanding short-term borrowings under these lines of credit. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 11. JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEFERRABLE INTEREST DEBENTURES Service 1st Capital Trust I is a Delaware business trust formed by Service 1st. The Company succeeded to all of the rights and obligations of Service 1st in connection with the merger with Service 1st as of November 12, 2008. The Trust was formed on August 17, 2006 for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Service 1st. Under applicable regulatory guidance, the amount of trust preferred securities that is eligible as Tier 1 capital is limited to 25% of the Company’s Tier 1 capital on a pro forma basis. At December 31, 2015, all of the trust preferred securities that have been issued qualify as Tier 1 capital. The trust preferred securities mature on October 7, 2036, are redeemable at the Company’s option, and require quarterly distributions by the Trust to the holder of the trust preferred securities at a variable interest rate which will adjust quarterly to equal the three month LIBOR plus 1.60%. The Trust used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities to purchase approximately $5,155,000 in aggregate principal amount of Service 1st’s junior subordinated notes (the Notes). The Notes bear interest at the same variable interest rate during the same quarterly periods as the trust preferred securities. The Notes are redeemable by the Company on any January 7, April 7, July 7, or October 7 or at any time within 90 days following the occurrence of certain events, such as: (i) a change in the regulatory capital treatment of the Notes (ii) in the event the Trust is deemed an investment company or (iii) upon the occurrence of certain adverse tax events. In each such case, the Company may redeem the Notes for their aggregate principal amount, plus any accrued but unpaid interest. The Notes may be declared immediately due and payable at the election of the trustee or holders of 25% of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes in the event that the Company defaults in the payment of any interest following the nonpayment of any such interest for 20 or more consecutive quarterly periods. Holders of the trust preferred securities are entitled to a cumulative cash distribution on the liquidation amount of $1,000 per security. For each January 7, April 7, July 7 or October 7 of each year, the rate will be adjusted to equal the three month LIBOR plus 1.60%. As of December 31, 2015, the rate was 1.92%. Interest expense recognized by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 was $99,000, $96,000 and $98,000, respectively. 12. INCOME TAXES The provision for (benefit from) income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 consisted of the following (in thousands): tax assets is assessed and a valuation allowance is recorded if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. More likely than not is defined as greater than a 50% chance. All available evidence, both positive and negative is considered to determine whether, based on the weight of the evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. The Company established a deferred tax valuation allowance in the amount $20,000 as of December 31, 2014 for California capital loss carry-forwards. The California capital loss carry-forward expired in 2015 unutilized; thus, the deferred balance as well as the related valuation allowance was written off as of December 31, 2015. Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consisted of the following (in thousands): Deferred tax assets: Allowance for credit losses Deferred compensation Net operating loss carryovers Bank premises and equipment Mark-to-market adjustment Other deferred Other-than-temporary impairment Loan and investment impairment State Enterprise Zone credit carry-forward State capital loss carry-forward Alternative minimum tax credit Partnership income State taxes Total deferred tax assets Valuation allowance Net deferred tax asset after valuation allowance Deferred tax liabilities: Finance leases Unrealized gain on available-for-sale investment securities Core deposit intangible FHLB stock Loan origination costs Total deferred tax liabilities $ December 31, 2015 2014 $ 3,823 5,038 75 351 96 313 267 721 1,067 - 3,525 87 266 3,188 4,979 698 186 98 511 267 887 1,444 20 3,338 70 1 15,629 - 15,687 (20) 15,629 15,667 (921) (3,076) (421) (319) (664) (5,401) (1,871) (3,661) (553) (319) (553) (6,957) Federal State Total Net deferred tax assets $ 10,228 $ 8,710 2015 Current Deferred Provision for income taxes 2014 Current Deferred Benefit from income taxes 2013 Current Deferred Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,945 (1,208) 1,737 (125) (397) (522) 2,217 (645) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 570 275 845 (37) (11) (48) (445) 220 3,515 (933) 2,582 (162) (408) (570) 1,772 (425) 1,572 $ (225) $ 1,347 The determination of the amount of deferred income tax assets which are more likely than not to be realized is primarily dependent on projections of future earnings, which are subject to uncertainty and estimates that may change given economic conditions and other factors. The realization of deferred income The provision for income taxes differs from amounts computed by applying the statutory Federal income tax rates to operating income before income taxes. The significant items comprising these differences for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 consisted of the following: Federal income tax, at statutory rate State taxes, net of Federal tax benefit Tax exempt investment security income, net Bank owned life insurance, net Solar credits Change in uncertain tax positions Change in prior year estimates Other 2015 2014 2013 34.0 % 34.0 % 34.0 % 4.1 % (0.7)% 0.4 % (15.9)% (2.5)% (0.7)% 0.8 % (3.1)% 2.4 % (42.2)% (3.9)% (2.4)% - % 0.1 % 3.1 % (20.5)% (1.8)% (1.4)% (1.4)% 1.4 % 3.4 % Effective tax rate 19.1 % (12.0)% 14.1 % At December 31, 2015, the Company had no Federal net operating loss (‘‘NOL’’) carry-forwards. At December 31, 2015, the Company had a Federal 33 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 12. INCOME TAXES (Continued) Alternative Minimum Tax credit of approximately $3,525,000 which does not expire, and a California NOL of $1,046,000, from prior business combinations that is subject to Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Sec. 382 annual limitations. The California NOL will begin to expire in 2027. The Company had Enterprise Zone Credits of approximately $1,596,000 which begin expiring in 2023. In addition, the Company had a California capital loss carry-forward of $282,000 which expired at the end of 2015 unutilized. As such, the deferred balance as well as the related valuation allowance for this carry-forward was written off as of December 31, 2015. The Company and its Subsidiary file income tax returns in the U.S. federal and California jurisdictions. The Company conducts all of its business activities in the State of California. At December 31, 2015, the Company had one state income tax examination in process by the California Franchise Tax Board for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012. The outcome of the examination is not settled. There are no pending U.S. federal or local income tax examinations by those taxing authorities. The Company is no longer subject to the examination by U.S. federal taxing authorities for the years ended before December 31, 2012 and by the state and local taxing authorities for the years ended before December 31, 2011. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands): Balance, beginning of year Additions based on tax positions related to prior years Reductions for tax positions of prior years Balance, end of year December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ 180 $ 180 106 - - - 286 $ 180 This represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded $106,000 in interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not recognize any interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. 13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Leases - The Bank leases certain of its branch facilities and administrative offices under noncancelable operating leases. Rental expense included in occupancy and equipment and other expenses totaled $2,273,000, $2,391,000 and $2,123,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Future minimum lease payments on noncancelable operating leases are as follows (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter $ 2,243 1,955 1,747 1,280 1,124 2,216 $ 10,565 Federal Reserve Requirements - Banks are required to maintain reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank equal to a percentage of their reservable deposits. The amount of such reserve balances required at December 31, 2015 was $800,000. 34 Correspondent Banking Agreements - The Bank maintains funds on deposit with other federally insured financial institutions under correspondent banking agreements. Uninsured deposits totaled $21,853,000 at December 31, 2015. Financial Instruments With Off-Balance-Sheet Risk - The Bank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business in order to meet the financing needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments consist of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized on the balance sheet. The Bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and standby letters of credit as it does for loans included on the balance sheet. The following financial instruments represent off-balance-sheet credit risk (in thousands): Commitments to extend credit Standby letters of credit December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ 215,952 1,214 $ $ 212,501 1,630 Commitments to extend credit consist primarily of unfunded commercial loan commitments and revolving lines of credit, single-family residential equity lines of credit and commercial real estate construction loans. Construction loans are established under standard underwriting guidelines and policies and are secured by deeds of trust, with disbursements made over the course of construction. Commercial revolving lines of credit have a high degree of industry diversification. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Standby letters of credit are generally secured and are issued by the Bank to guarantee the financial obligation or performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing standby letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The fair value of the liability related to these standby letters of credit, which represents the fees received for issuing the guarantees, was not significant at December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company recognizes these fees as revenue over the term of the commitment or when the commitment is used. At December 31, 2015, commercial loan commitments represent 61% of total commitments and are generally secured by collateral other than real estate or unsecured. Real estate loan commitments represent 28% of total commitments and are generally secured by property with a loan-to-value ratio not to exceed 80%. Consumer loan commitments represent the remaining 11% of total commitments and are generally unsecured. In addition, the majority of the Bank’s loan commitments have variable interest rates. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the balance of a contingent allocation for probable loan loss experience on unfunded obligations was $150,000 and $165,000, respectively. The contingent allocation for probable loan loss experience on unfunded obligations is calculated by management using an appropriate, systematic, and consistently applied process. While related to credit losses, this allocation is not a part of the ALLL and is considered separately as a liability for accounting and regulatory reporting purposes. Changes in this contingent allocation are recorded in other non-interest expense. Concentrations of Credit Risk - At December 31, 2015, in management’s judgment, a concentration of loans existed in commercial loans and real-estate- related loans, representing approximately 97.9% of total loans of which 22.2% were commercial and 75.7% were real-estate-related. At December 31, 2014, in management’s judgment, a concentration of loans existed in commercial loans and real-estate-related loans, representing approximately 98.2% of total loans of which 22.3% were commercial and 75.9% were real-estate-related. Management believes the loans within these concentrations have no more than the typical risks of collectability. However, in light of the current economic Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) environment, additional declines in the performance of the economy in general, or a continued decline in real estate values or drought-related decline in agricultural business in the Company’s primary market area could have an adverse impact on collectability, increase the level of real-estate-related nonperforming loans, or have other adverse effects which alone or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. Contingencies - The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to such actions will not materially affect the consolidated financial position or consolidated results of operations of the Company. 14. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Regulatory Capital - The Company and the Bank are subject to certain regulatory capital requirements administered by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the FDIC. Failure to meet these minimum capital requirements could result in mandatory or, discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company and the Bank each meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their respective assets, liabilities and certain off-balance- sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. These quantitative measures are established by regulation and require that the Company and the Bank maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets. Capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. The Bank is also subject to additional capital guidelines under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as well capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table. The most recent notification from the FDIC categorized the Bank as well capitalized under these guidelines. Management knows of no conditions or events since that notification that would change the Bank’s category. Effective January 1, 2015, bank holding companies with consolidated assets of $1 billion or more and banks like Central Valley Community Bank must comply with new minimum capital ratio requirements to be phased-in between January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2019, which consist of the following: (i) a new common equity Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 6% (increased from 4%); (iii) a total capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 8% (unchanged from current rules); and (iv) a Tier 1 capital to adjusted average total assets (‘‘leverage’’) ratio of 4%. In addition, a ‘‘capital conversation buffer’’ is established which, when fully phased-in, will require maintenance of a minimum of 2.5% of common equity Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets in excess of the regulatory minimum capital ratio requirements described above. The 2.5% buffer will increase the minimum capital ratios to (i) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 7.0%, (ii) a Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%, and (iii) a total capital ratio of 10.5%. The new buffer requirement will be phased-in between January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2019. If the capital ratio levels of a banking organization fall below the capital conservation buffer amount, the organization will be subject to limitations on (i) the payment of dividends; (ii) discretionary bonus payments; (iii) discretionary payments under Tier 1 instruments; and (iv) engaging in share repurchases. Management believes that the Company and the Bank met all their capital adequacy requirements as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. There are no conditions or events since those notifications that management believes have changed those categories. The capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under the new capital framework are presented in the table below. Tier 1 Leverage Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Amount Ratio Amount Ratio (Dollars in thousands) $ 105,825 $ 48,950 $ 104,878 8.65% $ 95,936 4.00% $ 45,894 8.58% $ 95,298 $ 61,148 $ 48,918 5.00% $ 57,341 4.00% $ 45,873 $ 103,152 $ 34,650 $ 104,878 13.44% 4.50% 13.67% $ 50,017 $ 34,627 6.50% 4.50% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 8.36% 4.00% 8.31% 5.00% 4.00% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $ 105,825 $ 46,200 $ 104,878 13.79% $ 95,936 6.00% $ 28,075 13.67% $ 95,298 13.67% 4.00% 13.59% $ 61,560 $ 46,170 8.00% $ 42,080 6.00% $ 28,053 6.00% 4.00% $ 115,466 $ 61,601 $ 114,513 15.04% $ 104,447 8.00% $ 56,150 14.93% $ 103,809 14.88% 8.00% 14.80% $ 76,949 $ 61,560 10.00% $ 70,133 8.00% $ 56,106 10.00% 8.00% Dividends - During 2015, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company in the amount of $2,260,000 in connection with cash dividends to the Company’s shareholders approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Bank may not pay any dividend that would cause it to be deemed not ‘‘well capitalized’’ under applicable banking laws and regulations. The Company declared and paid a total of $1,979,000 or $0.18 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2015. During 2014, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company in the amount of $2,350,000, connection with cash dividends to the Company’s shareholders approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company declared and paid a total of $2,190,000 or $0.20 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2014. During 2013, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company in the amount of $18,000,000, in connection with the VCB acquisition, the Series C Preferred redemption, and cash dividends approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company declared and paid a total of $2,048,000 or $0.20 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2013. The Company’s primary source of income with which to pay cash dividends is dividends from the Bank. The California Financial Code restricts the total amount of dividends payable by a bank at any time without obtaining the prior approval of the California Department of Business Oversight to the lesser of (1) the bank’s retained earnings or (2) the Bank’s net income for its last three fiscal years, less distributions made to shareholders during the same three-year period. At December 31, 2015, $2,991,000 of the Bank’s retained earnings were free of these restrictions. 35 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 14. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Continued) Capital Purchase Program - Small Business Lending Fund - On August 18, 2011, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (SPA) with the Small Business Lending Fund of the United States Department of the Treasury (the Treasury), under which the Company issued 7,000 shares of Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C (Series C Preferred) to the Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $7,000,000. Simultaneously, the Company agreed with Treasury under a Letter Agreement to redeem, for an aggregate price of $7,000,000, the 7,000 shares of the Company’s Series A Fixed Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock (Series A Stock) originally issued pursuant to the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (CPP) in 2009. The redemption of the Series A Stock resulted in an acceleration of the remaining discount booked at the time of the CPP transaction. In connection with the repurchase of the Series A Stock, the Company also repurchased the warrant (the Warrant) to purchase 79,037 shares of the Company’s common stock that was originally issued to Treasury in connection with the CPP transaction for total consideration of $185,000. On December 31, 2013, the Company redeemed all 7,000 outstanding shares of its Series C Preferred from the Treasury, in exercise of its optional redemption rights pursuant to the terms of the Series C Preferred under the Company’s charter and the SPA. The Company paid the Treasury $7,087,500 in connection with the redemption, representing $1,000 per share of the Series C Preferred plus all accrued and unpaid dividends through the date of the redemption. The obligations of the Company under the SPA are terminated as a result of the redemption. No additional shares of Series C Preferred are outstanding. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per common share computations is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share amounts): Basic Earnings Per Common Share: Net income Less: Preferred stock dividends and accretion Income available to common shareholders For the Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 $ 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 8,250 - - (350) $ 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 7,900 Weighted average shares outstanding 10,931,927 10,919,235 10,245,448 Net income per common share Diluted Earnings Per Common Share: Net income Less: Preferred stock dividends and accretion $ $ 1.00 $ 0.48 $ 0.77 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 8,250 - - (350) Income available to common shareholders Weighted average shares outstanding Effect of dilutive stock options and warrants Weighted average shares of common stock and common stock equivalents Net income per diluted common share $ 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 7,900 10,931,927 10,919,235 10,245,448 83,836 80,703 62,592 11,015,763 10,999,938 10,308,040 $ 1.00 $ 0.48 $ 0.77 Outstanding options, restricted stock, and warrants of 26,704, 170,585, and 202,355 were not factored into the calculation of dilutive stock options at December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively, because they were anti-dilutive. 15. SHARED-BASED COMPENSATION On December 31, 2015, the Company had three share-based compensation plans, which are described below. The Plans do not provide for the settlement of awards in cash and new shares are issued upon option exercise or restricted share grants. On November 15, 2000, the Company adopted, and subsequently amended on December 20, 2000, the Central Valley Community Bancorp 2000 Stock Option Plan (2000 Plan) for which 80,045 shares remain reserved for issuance for options already granted to employees and directors under incentive and nonstatutory agreements. In May 2005, the Company adopted the Central Valley Community Bancorp 2005 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2005 Plan) for which 213,678 shares remain reserved for issuance for options already committed to be granted to employees and directors under incentive and nonstatutory agreements. The 2005 plan expired on March 16, 2015. While outstanding arrangements to issue shares under these plans, including options, continue in force until their expiration, no new options will be granted under these plans. The plans require that the exercise price may not be less than the fair market value of the stock at the date the option is granted, and that the option price must be paid in full at the time it is exercised. The options and awards under the plans expire on dates determined by the Board of Directors, but not later than ten years from the date of grant. The vesting period for the options, restricted common stock awards and option related stock appreciation rights is determined by the Board of Directors and is generally over five years. In May 2015, the Company adopted the Central Valley Community Bancorp 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2015 Plan). The plan provides for awards in the form of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock. The plan also allows for performance awards that may be in the form of cash or shares of the Company, including restricted stock. The 2015 plan requires that the exercise price may not be less than the fair market value of the stock at the date the option is granted, and that the option price must be paid in full at the time it is exercised. The options and awards under the plan expire on dates determined by the Board of Directors, but not later than ten years from the date of grant. The vesting period for the options, restricted common stock awards and option related stock appreciation rights is determined by the Board of Directors and is generally over five years. The maximum number of shares that can be issued with respect to all awards under the plan is 875,000. Currently under the 2015 Plan, there are 875,000 shares remain reserved for future grants as of December 31, 2015. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, the compensation cost recognized for share-based compensation was $238,000, $173,000, and $98,000, respectively. The recognized tax benefit for share-based compensation expense was $14,000, $12,000, and $28,000 for 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Stock Options - The Company bases the fair value of the options granted on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes Merton option pricing model that uses assumptions based on expected option life and the level of estimated forfeitures, expected stock volatility, risk free interest rate, and dividend yield. The expected term and level of estimated forfeitures of the Company’s options are based on the Company’s own historical experience. Stock volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U. S. Treasury yield curve for the periods within the contractual life of the options in effect at the time of grant. The compensation cost for options granted is based on the weighted average grant date fair value per share. No options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were granted during the years ending December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 from any of the Company’s stock based compensation plans. 36 240,695 $ 6.83 4.06 $ 1,251 16. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 15. SHARED-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) A summary of the combined activity of the Plans for the year ended December 31, 2015 follows (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts): Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) Shares Aggregate Intrinsic Value 368,360 $ (9,070) $ (118,595) $ 8.89 6.64 13.25 Options outstanding at January 1, 2015 Options exercised Options forfeited Options outstanding at December 31, 2015 Options vested or expected to vest at December 31, 2015 Options exercisable at December 31, 2015 238,746 $ 6.82 4.04 $ 1,243 208,375 $ 6.65 3.65 $ 1,122 Information related to the stock option plan during each year follows (in thousands): 2015 2014 2013 Intrinsic value of options exercised Cash received from options exercised Excess tax benefit realized for option exercises $ $ $ 42 60 6 $ $ $ 45 55 7 $ $ $ 82 789 17 As of December 31, 2015, there was $86,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under all Plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.72 years. The total fair value of options vested was $91,000 and $99,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Restricted Common Stock Awards - The 2005 Plan and 2015 Plan provide for the issuance of shares to directors and officers. Restricted common stock grants typically vest over a five-year period. Restricted common stock (all of which are shares of our common stock) is subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to vesting. The cost of these awards is recognized over the vesting period of the awards based on the fair value of our common stock on the date of the grant. The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the year ended December 31, 2015 as follows: Nonvested outstanding shares at January 1, 2015 Granted Vested Forfeited Nonvested outstanding shares at December 31, 2015 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value $ $ $ $ $ 12.68 10.79 12.67 12.95 12.34 Shares 56,850 9,268 (11,085) (2,005) 53,028 During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, 9,268 and 57,330 shares of restricted common stock were granted from the 2005 Plan. The restricted common stock had a weighted average fair value of $10.79 and $12.68 per share on the date of grant during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. These restricted common stock awards vest 20% after Year 1. Thereafter, 20% of the remaining restricted stock will vest on each anniversary of the initial award commencement date and will be fully vested on the fifth such anniversary. As of December 31, 2015, there were 53,028 shares of restricted stock that are nonvested and expected to vest. Share-based compensation cost charged against income for restricted stock awards was $161,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015, and $82,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014. As of December 31, 2015, there was $554,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted common stock. Restricted stock compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 3.58 years and will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures. Restricted common stock awards had an intrinsic value of $638,000 at December 31, 2015. 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan - The Bank has established a 401(k) and profit sharing plan. The 401(k) plan covers substantially all employees who have completed a one-month employment period. Participants in the profit sharing plan are eligible to receive employer contributions after completion of 2 years of service. Bank contributions to the profit sharing plan are determined at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Participants are automatically vested 100% in all employer contributions. The Bank contributed $270,000 and $225,000 to the profit sharing plan in 2015 and 2013, respectively. There was no contribution by the Bank to the profit sharing plan in 2014. Additionally, the Bank may elect to make a matching contribution to the participants’ 401(k) plan accounts. The amount to be contributed is announced by the Bank at the beginning of the plan year. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, the Bank made a 100% matching contribution on all deferred amounts up to 3% of eligible compensation and a 50% matching contribution on all deferred amounts above 3% to a maximum of 5%. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, the Bank made matching contributions totaling $585,000, $499,000, and $382,000, respectively. Deferred Compensation Plans - The Bank has a nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan which provides directors with an unfunded, deferred compensation program. Under the plan, eligible participants may elect to defer some or all of their current compensation or director fees. Deferred amounts earn interest at an annual rate determined by the Board of Directors (3.24% at December 31, 2015). At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the total net deferrals included in accrued interest payable and other liabilities were $3,238,000 and $3,154,000, respectively. In connection with the implementation of the above plan, single premium universal life insurance policies on the life of each participant were purchased by the Bank, which is the beneficiary and owner of the policies. The cash surrender value of the policies totaled $3,949,000 and $3,519,000 and at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Income recognized on these policies, net of related expenses, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, was $105,000, $103,000, and $108,000, respectively. In October 2105, the Board of Directors of the Company and the Bank adopted a board resolution to create the Central Valley Community Bank Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (the Executive Plan). Pursuant to the Executive Plan, all eligible executives of the Bank may elect to defer up to 50 percent of their compensation for each deferral year. Deferred amounts earn interest at an annual rate determined by the Board of Directors. No deferrals were made during the year ended December 31, 2015. Salary Continuation Plans - The Board of Directors approved salary continuation plans for certain key executives during 2002 and subsequently amended the plans in 2006. Under these plans, the Bank is obligated to provide the executives with annual benefits for 15 years after retirement. These benefits are substantially equivalent to those available under split-dollar life insurance policies purchased by the Bank on the life of the executives. The expense recognized under these plans for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, totaled $447,000, $537,000, and $581,000, respectively. Accrued compensation payable under the salary continuation plans totaled $5,419,000 and $5,283,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 37 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 16. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS (Continued) 18. PARENT ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2015 and 2014 (In thousands) ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents Investment in Bank subsidiary Other assets Total assets LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Liabilities: Junior subordinated debentures due to subsidiary grantor trust Other liabilities Total liabilities 2015 2014 $ 584 143,531 454 $ 368 135,366 589 $ 144,569 $ 136,323 $ $ 5,155 91 5,246 5,155 123 5,278 54,216 71,452 5,377 Shareholders’ equity: Common stock Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax 54,424 80,437 4,462 Total shareholders’ equity 139,323 131,045 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 144,569 $ 136,323 In connection with these plans, the Bank purchased single premium life insurance policies with cash surrender values totaling $6,037,000 and $5,870,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Income recognized on these policies, net of related expense, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 totaled $167,000, $166,000, and $145,000, respectively. In connection with the acquisition of Service 1st Bank and Visalia Community Bank (VCB), the Bank assumed a liability for the estimated present value of future benefits payable to former key executives of Service 1st and VCB . The liability relates to change in control benefits associated with Service 1st’s and VCB’s salary continuation plans. The benefits are payable to the individuals when they reach retirement age. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the total amount of the liability was $2,822,000 and $2,898,000, respectively. Expense recognized by the Bank in 2015, 2014 and 2013 associated with these plans was $78,000, $233,000, and $202,000, respectively. These benefits are substantially equivalent to those available under split-dollar life insurance policies acquired. These single premium life insurance policies had cash surrender values totaling $10,716,000, and $11,568,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Income recognized on these policies, net of related expenses, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, was $194,000, $345,000, and $241,000, respectively. The current annual tax-free interest rate on all life insurance policies is 4.49%. 17. LOANS TO RELATED PARTIES During the normal course of business, the Bank enters into loans with related parties, including executive officers and directors. The following is a summary of the aggregate activity involving related-party borrowers (in thousands): Balance, January 1, 2015 Disbursements Amounts repaid Balance, December 31, 2015 Undisbursed commitments to related parties, December 31, 2015 $ $ $ 1,778 5,514 (886) 6,406 1,954 38 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 18. PARENT ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands) Income: Dividends declared by Subsidiary - eliminated in consolidation Other income Total income Expenses: Interest on junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures Professional fees Other expenses Total expenses Income before equity in undistributed net income of Subsidiary Equity in undistributed net income of Subsidiary, net of distributions Income before income tax benefit Benefit from income taxes Net income Preferred stock dividend and accretion of discount Income available to common shareholders Comprehensive income (loss) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 (In thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Undistributed net income of subsidiary, net of distributions Stock-based compensation Tax benefit from exercise of stock options Net (increase) decrease in other assets Net increase (decrease) in other liabilities Benefit from deferred income taxes Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows used in investing activities: Investment in subsidiary Cash flows from financing activities: Cash dividend payments on common stock Cash dividend payments on preferred stock Proceeds from exercise of stock options Redemption of preferred stock Series C Tax benefit from exercise of stock options Net cash used in financing activities Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: Cash paid during the year for interest Non-cash investing and financing activities: Common stock issued in Visalia Community Bank acquisition 2015 2014 2013 $ $ $ 2,260 3 2,263 99 156 411 666 1,597 9,080 10,677 287 10,964 - 10,964 10,049 $ $ $ 2,350 3 2,353 96 187 389 672 1,681 3,325 5,006 288 5,294 - 5,294 12,957 $ 18,000 5 18,005 98 102 424 624 17,381 (9,414) 7,967 283 8,250 350 7,900 (1,622) $ $ 2015 2014 2013 $ 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 8,250 (9,080) 238 (6) 50 (32) (5) 2,129 - (1,979) - 60 - 6 (1,913) 216 368 584 97 - $ $ $ (3,325) 173 (7) (50) 34 (8) 2,111 - (2,190) - 55 - 7 (2,128) (17) 385 368 194 - $ $ $ 9,414 98 (17) 86 (198) (18) 17,615 (11,358) (2,048) (437) 789 (7,000) 17 (8,679) (2,422) 2,807 385 125 12,494 39 $ $ $ Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 19. SUBSEQUENT EVENT On January 20, 2016, management sold certain investment securities with a book value of $23.0 million in a routine restructuring of the investment portfolio. Through the proper operation of the Company’s internal control process related to investment securities, management discovered after the transaction settled that five of the 13 securities sold were previously designated as Held to Maturity (HTM). The book value of the HTM securities sold was $8.0 million. The gain realized on the sale of the HTM securities was $648,000. The Company will reclassify the remaining HTM securities as Available for Sale as of January 20, 2016. 40 Supplementary Financial Information The following supplementary financial information is not a part of the Company’s financial statements. Net interest income Provision for credit losses Net interest income after provision for credit losses Other non-interest income Net realized gains on investment securities Total non-interest expense Provision for (benefit from)income taxes Net income (loss) Net income (loss) available to common shareholders Basic earnings (loss) per share Diluted earnings (loss) per share Unaudited Quarterly Statement of Operations Data (In thousands, except per share amounts) Q4 2015 Q3 2015 Q2 2015 Q1 2015 Q4 2014 Q3 2014 Q2 2014 Q1 2014 $ 10,638 $ - 10,638 1,842 37 9,003 611 10,352 $ 100 10,065 $ 500 9,720 $ - 10,005 $ 8,385 9,876 $ - 9,905 $ (400) 10,252 1,722 - 9,028 429 9,565 2,364 732 8,697 886 9,720 1,965 726 9,288 657 1,620 1,752 331 8,819 (2,750) 9,876 1,821 240 9,051 535 10,305 1,980 64 8,734 922 10,099 - 10,099 1,708 269 8,736 724 $ $ $ $ 2,903 $ 2,517 $ 3,078 $ 2,466 $ (2,366) $ 2,351 $ 2,693 $ 2,616 2,903 $ 2,517 $ 3,078 $ 2,466 $ (2,366) $ 2,351 $ 2,693 $ 2,616 0.27 $ 0.23 $ 0.28 $ 0.23 $ (0.22) $ 0.22 $ 0.25 $ 0.26 $ 0.23 $ 0.28 $ 0.22 $ (0.22) $ 0.21 $ 0.24 $ 0.24 0.24 41 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The Shareholders and Board of Directors Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Fresno, California The management of Central Valley Community Bancorp is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f ) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and effected by the board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that: * our assets: Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of * Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and * Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015. In making this assessment, management used the criteria issued in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework (Framework) established and updated by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (‘‘COSO’’). Based on that assessment, the Company’s management believes that, as of December 31, 2015, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria. Crowe Horwath LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, has issued an audit report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board that appears on the next page. 42 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm The Shareholders and Board of Directors Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Fresno, California We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Central Valley Community Bancorp and subsidiary (the ‘‘Company’’) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015. We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Central Valley Community Bancorp and subsidiary as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2015 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, Central Valley Community Bancorp and subsidiary maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Sacramento, California March 15, 2016 43 Selected Consolidated Financial Data Statements of Income Total interest income Total interest expense Net interest income before provision for credit losses Provision for credit losses Net interest income after provision for credit losses Non-interest income Non-interest expenses Income before provision for (benefit from) income taxes Provision for (benefit from) income taxes Net income Preferred stock dividends and accretion of discount Net income available to common shareholders Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Cash dividends declared per common share Balances at end of year: Investment securities, Federal funds sold and deposits in other banks Net loans Total deposits Total assets Shareholders’ equity Earning assets Average balances: Investment securities, Federal funds sold and deposits in other banks Net loans Total deposits Total assets Shareholders’ equity Earning assets Years Ended December 31, (In thousands, except per share amounts) 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 $ 41,822 $ 1,047 41,039 $ 1,156 34,836 $ 1,385 31,820 $ 1,883 40,775 600 40,175 9,387 36,016 13,546 2,582 10,964 - 39,883 7,985 31,898 8,164 35,338 4,724 (570) 5,294 - 33,451 - 33,451 7,831 31,685 9,597 1,347 8,250 350 29,937 700 29,237 7,242 27,274 9,205 1,685 7,520 350 10,964 $ 5,294 $ 7,900 $ 7,170 $ 1.00 $ 0.48 $ 0.77 $ 0.75 $ 1.00 $ 0.48 $ 0.77 $ 0.75 $ 0.18 $ 0.20 $ 0.20 $ 0.05 $ 31,820 2,942 31,357 1,050 30,307 6,271 28,240 8,338 1,861 6,477 486 5,991 0.63 0.63 - December 31, (In thousands) 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 580,544 $ 588,501 1,116,267 1,276,736 139,323 1,173,591 520,511 $ 564,280 1,039,152 1,192,183 131,045 1,074,942 529,398 $ 503,149 1,004,143 1,145,635 120,043 1,042.552 424,516 $ 385,185 751,432 890,228 117,665 801,098 353,808 415,999 712,986 849,023 107,482 762,654 529,046 $ 577,784 1,065,798 1,222,526 135,062 1,112,758 513,866 $ 531,382 1,006,560 1,157,483 130,414 1,052,097 445,859 $ 444,770 848,493 986,924 119,746 895,330 368,818 $ 394,675 719,601 853,078 114,561 766,937 299,935 417,273 677,789 800,178 103,386 715,862 $ $ $ $ $ $ Data from 2013 reflects the partial year impact of the acquisition of Visalia Community Bank on July 1, 2013. 44 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Management’s discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements, including the Notes thereto, in Item 8 of this Annual Report. Certain matters discussed in this report constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained herein that are not historical facts, such as statements regarding the Company’s current business strategy and the Company’s plans for future development and operations, are based upon current expectations. These statements are forward-looking in nature and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to (1) significant increases in competitive pressure in the banking industry; (2) the impact of changes in interest rates, a decline in economic conditions at the international, national or local level on the Company’s results of operations, the Company’s ability to continue its internal growth at historical rates, the Company’s ability to maintain its net interest margin, and the quality of the Company’s earning assets; (3) changes in the regulatory environment; (4) fluctuations in the real estate market; (5) changes in business conditions and inflation; (6) changes in securities markets (7) risks associated with acquisitions, relating to difficulty in integrating combined operations and related negative impact on earnings, and incurrence of substantial expenses. Therefore, the information set forth in such forward- looking statements should be carefully considered when evaluating the business prospects of the Company. When the Company uses in this Annual Report the words ‘‘anticipate,’’ ‘‘estimate,’’ ‘‘expect,’’ ‘‘project,’’ ‘‘intend,’’ ‘‘commit,’’ ‘‘believe’’ and similar expressions, the Company intends to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements are not guarantees of performance and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including those described in this Annual Report. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, expected, projected, intended, committed or believed. The future results and shareholder values of the Company may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine these results and values are beyond the Company’s ability to control or predict. For those statements, the Company claims the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See also the discussion of risk factors in Item 1A, ‘‘Risk Factors.’’ INTRODUCTION Central Valley Community Bancorp (NASDAQ: CVCY) (the Company) was incorporated on February 7, 2000. The formation of the holding company offered the Company more flexibility in meeting the long-term needs of customers, shareholders, and the communities it serves. The Company currently has one bank subsidiary, Central Valley Community Bank (the Bank) and one business trust subsidiary, Service 1st Capital Trust 1. The Bank of Madera County (BMC) was merged with and into the Bank on January 1, 2005. BMC had two branches in Madera County which continue to be operated by the Bank. After the close of business on November 12, 2008, Service 1st Bancorp (Service 1st) was merged with and into the Company, and Service 1st Bank was merged with and into the Bank. Service 1st Bank had three branches in Stockton, Tracy, and Lodi which continue to be operated by the Bank. Service 1st Capital Trust 1 (the Trust) is a business trust formed for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities. The Company succeeded to all the rights and obligations of Service 1st in connection with the acquisition of Service 1st. The Trust is a subsidiary of the Company. Effective July 1, 2013, the Company and Visalia Community Bank (VCB) completed a merger under which VCB was merged with and into the Bank. VCB had three full-service offices in Visalia and one in Exeter which continue to be operated by the Bank. The Company’s market area includes the central valley area from Sacramento, California to Bakersfield, California. During 2015, we focused on asset quality and capital adequacy due to the uncertainty created by the economy. We also focused on assuring that competitive products and services were made available to our clients while adjusting to the many new laws and regulations that affect the banking industry. As of December 31, 2015, the Bank operated 21 full-service offices. The Sunnyside office is scheduled for closure and consolidation with the Fresno Downtown office in April 2016. The Bank has a Real Estate Division, an Agribusiness Center and an SBA Lending Division in Fresno. All real estate related transactions are conducted and processed through the Real Estate Division, including interim construction loans for single family residences and commercial buildings. We offer permanent single family residential loans through our mortgage broker services. ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The economy in California’s Central Valley had been negatively impacted by the recession that began in 2007 and the related real estate market and the slowdown in residential construction. The recession impacted most industries in our market area. Initially, housing values throughout the nation and especially in the Central Valley decreased dramatically, which in turn negatively affected the personal net worth of much of the population in our service area. Over the last several years the economy, as evidenced by the California and Central Valley unemployment rates, and housing prices have shown slow but steady improvement. Housing in the Central Valley continues to be relatively more affordable than the major metropolitan areas in California. Agriculture and agricultural related businesses remain a critical part of the Central Valley’s economy. The Valley’s agricultural production is widely diversified, producing nuts, vegetables, fruit, cattle, dairy products, and cotton. The continued future success of agriculture related businesses is highly dependent on the availability of water and is subject to fluctuation in worldwide commodity prices, currency exchanges, and demand. Since the beginning of 2012, California has been experiencing a severe drought. If the drought significantly harms the business of our customers, the credit quality of the loans to those customers could decline as a specific consequence of the drought. We closely monitored the water and the related issues affecting our customers in 2015 and 2014, and we will continue to remain vigilant for signs of deterioration within the loan portfolio in an effort to manage credit quality and work with borrowers where possible to mitigate any losses. OVERVIEW Diluted earnings per share (EPS) for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $1.00 compared to $0.48 and $0.77 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Net income for 2015 was $10,964,000 compared to $5,294,000 and $8,250,000 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in net income and EPS was primarily driven by a decrease in provision for credit losses, an increase in net interest income, and an increase in non-interest income offset by increases in non-interest expense in 2015 compared to 2014. Total assets at December 31, 2015 were $1,276,736,000 compared to $1,192,183,000 at December 31, 2014. Return on average equity for 2015 was 8.12% compared to 4.06% and 6.89% for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Return on average assets for 2015 was 0.90% compared to 0.46% and 0.84% for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Total equity was $139,323,000 at December 31, 2015 compared to $131,045,000 at December 31, 2014. The increase in equity in 2015 compared to 2014 was driven by the retention of earnings net of dividends paid offset by a decrease in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). Average total loans increased $47,233,000 or 8.75% to $586,762,000 in 2015 compared to $539,529,000 in 2014. In 2015, we recorded $600,000 provision for credit losses compared to $7,985,000 in 2014 and none in 2013. The Company had nonperforming assets, consisting entirely of nonaccrual loans, totaling $2,413,000 at December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2014, nonperforming assets totaled $14,052,000. Net recoveries (charge-offs) for 2015 were $702,000 compared to $(8,885,000) for 2014 and $(925,000) for 2013. Refer to ‘‘Asset Quality’’ below for further information. Key Factors in Evaluating Financial Condition and Operating Performance As a publicly traded community bank holding company, we focus on several key factors including: • Return to our shareholders; • Return on average assets; • Development of revenue streams, including net interest income and non-interest income; • Asset quality; • Asset growth; • Capital adequacy; • Operating efficiency; and • Liquidity. 45 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations OVERVIEW (Continued) Return to Our Shareholders One measure of our return to our shareholders is the return on average equity (ROE). Our ROE was 8.12% for the year ended 2015 compared to 4.06% and 6.89% for the years ended 2014 and 2013, respectively. In 2015, compared to 2014 we experienced an increase in net income primarily driven by a decrease in provision for credit losses and an increase in non-interest income, offset by an increase in provision for income taxes and an increase in non-interest expenses. We experienced an increase in capital due to increases in retained earnings offset by a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income. Our net income for the year ended December 31, 2015 increased $5,670,000 compared to 2014 and decreased $2,956,000 in 2014 compared to 2013. During 2015, net income increased due to a decrease in the provision for credit losses, increases in net interest income, and increases in non-interest income, partially offset by an increase in tax expense and increases in non-interest expenses, compared to 2014. Net interest income increased because of increases in loan and investment income and decreases in interest expense on deposits. Net interest income increased as a result of yield changes, asset mix changes, and an increase in average earning assets, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income during 2015 was positively impacted by the collection of nonaccrual loans which resulted in a recovery of interest income of approximately $431,000. The recovery was partially offset by reversal of approximately $7,000 in interest income on loans put on nonaccrual during the year. Net interest income during 2014 was positively impacted by the collection in full of a non-accrual loan of $1,870,000 which resulted in a recovery of foregone interest of $879,000, partially offset by the reversal of approximately $237,000 in interest income associated with loans placed on nonaccrual status during the year. During the year ended 2015, the non-interest income increase was primarily driven by a $591,000 increase in net realized gains on sales and calls of investment securities, an increase in loan placement fees of $498,000, a $253,000 increase in Federal Home Loan Bank dividends, and a $345,000 gain on life insurance which is included in other income, partially offset by a $210,000 decrease in service charge income, a $176,000 decrease in other income, a decrease of $52,000 in gains on the sale of other real estate owned, and a $8,000 decrease in interchange fees, in 2015 compared to 2014. Non-interest expenses increased in 2015 compared to 2014 primarily due to increases in salary and employee benefit expenses of $1,115,000, internet banking expenses of $189,000, professional services of $328,000, regulatory assessments of $297,000, and advertising fees of $19,000, partially offset by decreases of data processing expenses of $681,000, occupancy and equipment expenses of $166,000, ATM/Debit card expenses of $76,000, and amortization of core deposit intangibles of $17,000. During 2015, our net interest margin (NIM) decreased 10 basis points to 4.01% compared to 2014. Basic EPS was $1.00 for 2015 compared to $0.48 and $0.77 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Diluted EPS was $1.00 for 2015 compared to $0.48 and $0.77 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increase in EPS in 2015 was due primarily to the increase in net income. Return on Average Assets Our return on average assets (ROA) is a ratio that measures our performance compared with other banks and bank holding companies. Our ROA for the year ended 2015 was 0.90% compared to 0.46% and 0.84% for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. The 2015 increase in ROA is primarily due to the increase in net income. Annualized ROA for our peer group was 1.16% at December 31, 2015. Peer group information from SNL Financial data includes bank holding companies in central California with assets from $600 million to $2.5 billion. our net interest margin by focusing on core deposits and managing the cost of funds. Our net interest margin (fully tax equivalent basis) was 4.01% for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to 4.11% and 4.09% for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. We experienced a decrease in 2015 net interest margin compared to 2014, resulting from the decline in loan and investment yields. The effective tax equivalent yield on total earning assets decreased 12 basis points, while the cost of total interest-bearing liabilities decreased 2 basis points and the cost of total deposits decreased 2 basis points. Our cost of total deposits in 2015 was 0.09% compared to 0.11% for the same period in 2014 and 0.15% for the year ended December 31, 2013. Our net interest income before provision for credit losses increased $892,000 or 2.24% to $40,775,000 for the year ended 2015 compared to $39,883,000 and $33,451,000 for the years ended 2014 and 2013, respectively. Our non-interest income is generally made up of service charges and fees on deposit accounts, fee income from loan placements, appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance, and net gains from sales and calls of investment securities. Non-interest income in 2015 increased $1,223,000 or 14.98% to $9,387,000 compared to $8,164,000 in 2014 and $7,831,000 in 2013. The increase resulted primarily from increases in net realized gains on sales and calls of investment securities, loan placement fees, and Federal Home Loan Bank dividends, partially offset by a decrease in service charge income, interchange fees, appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance, and gain on sale of other real estate owned compared to 2014. Customer service charges decreased $210,000 or 6.40% to $3,070,000 in 2015 compared to $3,280,000 and $3,156,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Further detail on non-interest income is provided below. Asset Quality For all banks and bank holding companies, asset quality has a significant impact on the overall financial condition and results of operations. Asset quality is measured in terms of percentage of total loans and total assets, and is a key element in estimating the future earnings of a company. Total nonperforming assets were $2,413,000 and $14,052,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Nonperforming assets totaled 0.40% of gross loans as of December 31, 2015 and 2.45% of gross loans as of December 31, 2014. The Company had no other real estate owned (OREO) at December 31, 2015 or December 31, 2014. Management maintains certain loans that have been brought current by the borrower (less than 30 days delinquent) on nonaccrual status until such time as management has determined that the loans are likely to remain current in future periods. Asset Growth As revenues from both net interest income and non-interest income are a function of asset size, the continued growth in assets has a direct impact in increasing net income and therefore ROE and ROA. The majority of our assets are loans and investment securities, and the majority of our liabilities are deposits, and therefore the ability to generate deposits as a funding source for loans and investments is fundamental to our asset growth. Total assets increased 7.09% during 2015 to $1,276,736,000 as of December 31, 2015 from $1,192,183,000 as of December 31, 2014. Total gross loans increased 4.46% to $598,111,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $572,588,000 at December 31, 2014. Total investment securities and Federal funds sold increased 9.61% to $509,556,000 as of December 31, 2015 compared to $464,865,000 as of December 31, 2014. Total deposits increased 7.42% to $1,116,267,000 as of December 31, 2015 compared to $1,039,152,000 as of December 31, 2014. Our loan to deposit ratio at December 31, 2015 was 53.58% compared to 55.10% at December 31, 2014. The loan to deposit ratio of our peers was 75.73% at December 31, 2015. Development of Revenue Streams Capital Adequacy Over the past several years, we have focused on not only our net income, but improving the consistency of our revenue streams in order to create more predictable future earnings and reduce the effect of changes in our operating environment on our net income. Specifically, we have focused on net interest income through a variety of processes, including increases in average interest earning assets, and minimizing the effects of the recent interest rate decline on At December 31, 2015, we had a total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 15.04%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 13.79%, common equity Tier 1 ratio of 13.44%, and a leverage ratio of 8.65%. At December 31, 2014, we had a total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 14.88%, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 13.67% and a leverage ratio of 8.36%. At December 31, 2015, on a 46 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations OVERVIEW (Continued) stand-alone basis, the Bank had a total risk-based capital ratio of 14.93%, a Tier 1 risk based capital ratio of 13.67%, common equity Tier 1 ratio of 13.67%, and a leverage ratio of 8.58%. At December 31, 2014, the Bank had a total risk-based capital ratio of 14.80%, Tier 1 risk-based capital of 13.59% and a leverage ratio of 8.31%. Note 14 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements provides more detailed information concerning the Company’s capital amounts and ratios. Effective January 1, 2015, bank holding companies with consolidated assets of $1 billion or more were required to comply with new minimum capital ratio requirements to be phased-in between January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2019, which consist of the following: (i) a new common equity Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 6% (increased from 4%); (iii) a total capital to total risk weighted assets ratio of 8% (unchanged from current rules); and (iv) a Tier 1 capital to adjusted average total assets (‘‘leverage’’) ratio of 4%. Operating Efficiency Operating efficiency is the measure of how efficiently earnings before taxes are generated as a percentage of revenue. A lower ratio represents greater efficiency. The Company’s efficiency ratio (operating expenses, excluding amortization of intangibles and foreclosed property expense, divided by net interest income plus non-interest income, excluding net gains and losses from sale of securities) was 69.24% for 2015 compared to 69.42% for 2014 and 73.06% for 2013. The improvement in the efficiency ratio in 2015 is due to the growth in revenues outpacing the growth in non-interest expense. The increase in the efficiency ratio in 2014 compared to 2013 is due to the growth in revenues outpacing the growth in non-interest expense. The Company’s net interest income before provision for credit losses plus non-interest income increased 4.40% to $50,162,000 in 2015 compared to $48,047,000 in 2014 and $41,282,000 in 2013, while operating expenses increased 1.92% in 2015, 11.53% in 2014, and 16.17% in 2013. Liquidity Liquidity management involves our ability to meet cash flow requirements arising from fluctuations in deposit levels and demands of daily operations, which include providing for customers’ credit needs, funding of securities purchases, and ongoing repayment of borrowings. Our liquidity is actively managed on a daily basis and reviewed periodically by our management and Directors’ Asset/Liability Committee. This process is intended to ensure the maintenance of sufficient funds to meet our needs, including adequate cash flows for off-balance sheet commitments. Our primary sources of liquidity are derived from financing activities which include the acceptance of customer and, to a lesser extent, broker deposits, Federal funds facilities and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco. We have available unsecured lines of credit with correspondent banks totaling approximately $40,000,000 and secured borrowing lines of approximately $308,356,000 with the Federal Home Loan Bank. These funding sources are augmented by collection of principal and interest on loans, the routine maturities and pay downs of securities from our investment securities portfolio, the stability of our core deposits, and the ability to sell investment securities. Primary uses of funds include origination and purchases of loans, withdrawals of and interest payments on deposits, purchases of investment securities, and payment of operating expenses. We had liquid assets (cash and due from banks, interest-earning deposits in other banks, Federal funds sold and available-for-sale securities) totaling $572,171,000 or 44.82% of total assets at December 31, 2015 and $509,863,000 or 42.77% of total assets as of December 31, 2014. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS NET INCOME Net income was $10,964,000 in 2015 compared to $5,294,000 and $8,250,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Basic earnings per share was $1.00, $0.48, and $0.77 for 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Diluted earnings per share was $1.00, $0.48, and $0.77 for 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. ROE was 8.12% for 2015 compared to 4.06% for 2014 and 6.89% for 2013. ROA for 2015 was 0.90% compared to 0.46% for 2014 and 0.84% for 2013. The increase in net income for 2015 compared to 2014 can be attributed to a decrease in the provision for credit losses, an increase in net interest income, and an increase in non-interest income, partially offset by an increase in provision for income taxes and an increase in non-interest expense. The decrease in net income for 2014 compared to 2013 can be attributed to an increase in the provision for credit losses and an increase in non-interest expense, partially offset by an increase in net-interest income before provision for credit losses, an increase in non-interest income, and a decrease in provision for income taxes. INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE Net interest income is the most significant component of our income from operations. Net interest income (the interest rate spread) is the difference between the gross interest and fees earned on the loan and investment portfolios and the interest paid on deposits and other borrowings. Net interest income depends on the volume of and interest rate earned on interest-earning assets and the volume of and interest rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The following table sets forth a summary of average balances with corresponding interest income and interest expense as well as average yield and cost information for the periods presented. Average balances are derived from daily balances, and nonaccrual loans are not included as interest-earning assets for purposes of this table. 47 Year Ended December 31, 2015 Interest Income/ Expense Average Interest Rate Average Balance Year Ended December 31, 2014 Interest Income/ Expense Average Interest Rate Average Balance Year Ended December 31, 2013 Interest Income/ Expense Average Interest Rate Average Balance $ 64,963 $ 209 0.32% $ 53,781 $ 175 0.32% $ 46,672 $ 164 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE (Continued) SCHEDULE OF AVERAGE BALANCES, AVERAGE YIELDS AND RATES (Dollars in thousands) ASSETS Interest-earning deposits in other banks Securities Taxable securities Non-taxable securities (1) Total investment securities Federal funds sold Total securities and interest-earning deposits Loans (2) (3) Federal Home Loan Bank stock 285,585 178,247 463,832 251 529,046 578,899 4,813 Total interest-earning assets 1,112,758 $ Allowance for credit losses Nonaccrual loans Other real estate owned Cash and due from banks Bank premises and equipment Other non-earning assets (8,978) 7,863 33 25,019 9,664 76,167 4,793 9,569 14,362 1 14,572 30,504 580 45,656 1.68% 5.37% 3.10% 0.25% 2.75% 5.27% 12.05% 4.10% 296,014 163,778 459,792 293 513,866 533,531 4,700 1,052,097 $ (8,147) 5,998 36 23,905 10,511 73,083 Total average assets $ 1,222,526 $ 1,157,483 LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Interest-bearing liabilities: Savings and NOW accounts Money market accounts Time certificates of deposit, under $100,000 Time certificates of deposit, $100,000 and over Total interest-bearing deposits Other borrowed funds $ 300,741 $ 227,743 59,810 89,573 677,867 5,156 261 141 191 355 948 99 Total interest-bearing liabilities 683,023 $ 1,047 Non-interest bearing demand deposits Other liabilities Shareholders’ equity 387,931 16,510 135,062 Total average liabilities and shareholders’ equity $ 1,222,526 0.09% 0.06% 0.32% 0.40% 0.14% 1.89% 0.15% $ 265,751 $ 229,769 60,630 101,588 657,738 5,155 662,893 $ 348,822 15,354 130,414 5,538 8,837 14,375 1 14,551 29,493 327 44,371 241 174 228 417 1,060 96 1,156 2,375 8,755 11,130 1 11,295 26,519 177 37,991 291 229 219 531 1,270 116 1,386 1.87% 5.40% 3.13% 0.25% 2.83% 5.53% 6.96% 4.22% 0.09% 0.08% 0.38% 0.41% 0.16% 1.83% 0.17% $ $ 235,487 163,494 398,981 206 445,859 445,300 4,171 895,330 $ (9,713) 9,183 50 21,296 7,816 62,962 986,924 215,668 $ 193,833 48,729 106,307 564,537 5,645 570,182 $ 283,956 13,040 119,746 0.35% 1.01% 5.35% 2.79% 0.25% 2.53% 5.96% 4.24% 4.24% 0.13% 0.12% 0.45% 0.50% 0.22% 2.05% 0.24% $ 1,157,483 $ 986,924 Interest income and rate earned on average earning assets Interest expense and interest cost related to average interest- bearing liabilities Net interest income and net interest margin (4) $ 45,656 4.10% $ 44,371 4.22% $ 37,991 4.24% 1,047 0.15% 1,156 0.17% 1,386 0.24% $ 44,609 4.01% $ 43,215 4.11% $ 36,605 4.09% (1) Interest income is calculated on a fully tax equivalent basis, which includes Federal tax benefits relating to income earned on municipal bonds totaling $3,254, $3,005, and $2,977 in 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. (2) Loan interest income includes loan fees of $255 in 2015, $272 in 2014, and $320 in 2013. (3) Average loans do not include nonaccrual loans. (4) Net interest margin is computed by dividing net interest income by total average interest-earning assets. 48 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE (Continued) The following table sets forth a summary of the changes in interest income and interest expense due to changes in average asset and liability balances (volume) and changes in average interest rates for the periods indicated. The change in interest due to both rate and volume has been allocated to the change in rate. For the Years Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to 2014 For the Years Ended December 31, 2014 Compared to 2013 Volume Rate Net Volume Rate Net (In thousands) $ 36 $ (2) $ 34 $ 21 $ (10) $ 11 (195) 780 (550) (48) (745) 732 731 15 2,432 67 585 — 2,507 7 (598) — (1,496) 246 (13) — 1,011 253 746 — 4,479 25 2,499 — (1,505) 125 3,163 82 3,245 — 2,974 150 3,135 (1,850) 1,285 5,271 1,109 6,380 30 (3) (50) (23) 1 (43) (34) (12) (89) 2 (13) (37) (62) (112) 3 169 27 (23) 173 (10) (274) (105) (18) (91) (383) (10) 9 (114) (210) (20) (22) (87) (109) 163 (393) (230) Changes in Volume/Rate Increase (decrease) due to changes in: Interest income: Interest-earning deposits in other banks Investment securities: Taxable Non-taxable (1) Total investment securities Federal funds sold Loans FHLB Stock Total earning assets (1) Interest expense: Deposits: Savings, NOW and MMA Certificates of deposit under $100,000 Certificates of deposit $100,000 and over Total interest-bearing deposits Other borrowed funds Total interest bearing liabilities Net interest income (1) $ 3,157 $ (1,763) $ 1,394 $ 5,108 $ 1,502 $ 6,610 (1) Computed on a tax equivalent basis for securities exempt from federal income taxes. Interest and fee income from loans increased $1,011,000 or 3.43% in 2015 compared to 2014. Interest and fee income increased $2,974,000 or 11.21% in 2014 compared to 2013. The increase in 2015 is attributable to an increase in average total loans outstanding offset by a 26 basis point decrease in the yield on loans. Interest income during 2015 was positively impacted by the collection of nonaccrual loans which resulted in a recovery of interest income of approximately $431,000. The recovery was partially offset by reversal of approximately $7,000 in interest income on loans put on nonaccrual status during the year. The increase in 2014 is attributable to a increase in average total loans outstanding offset by a 43 basis point decrease in the yield on loans. Interest and fee income from loans during 2014 was positively impacted by the collection in full of nonaccrual loans totaling $1,870,000 which resulted in a recovery of net interest income of approximately $642,000. Average total loans for 2015 increased $47,233,000 to $586,762,000 compared to $539,529,000 for 2014 and $454,483,000 for 2013. The yield on loans for 2015 was 5.27% compared to 5.53% and 5.96% for 2014 and 2013, respectively. Interest income from total investments on a non tax-equivalent basis, (total investments include investment securities, Federal funds sold, interest-bearing deposits in other banks, and other securities), decreased $228,000 or 1.97% in 2015 compared to 2014. The yield on average investments decreased 8 basis points to 2.75% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 2.83% for the year ended December 31, 2014. Average total investments increased $15,180,000 to $529,046,000 in 2015 compared to $513,866,000 in 2014. In 2014, total investment income on a non tax-equivalent basis increased $3,229,000 or 38.82% compared to 2013. A significant portion of the investment portfolio is mortgage-backed securities (MBS) and collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs). At December 31, 2015, we held $228,849,000 or 44.94% of the total market value of the investment portfolio in MBS and CMOs with an average yield of 1.80%. We invest in Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMO) and Mortgage Backed Securities, (MBS) as part of the overall strategy to increase our net interest margin. CMOs and MBS by their nature react to changes in interest rates. In a normal declining rate environment, prepayments from MBS and CMOs would be expected to increase and the expected life of the investment would be expected to shorten. Conversely, if interest rates increase, prepayments normally would be expected to decline and the average life of the MBS and CMOs would be expected to extend. However, in the current economic environment, prepayments may not behave according to historical norms. Premium amortization and discount accretion of these investments affects our net interest income. Our management monitors the prepayment speed of these investments and adjusts premium amortization and discount accretion based on several factors. These factors include the type of investment, the investment structure, interest rates, interest rates on new mortgage loans, expectation of interest rate changes, current economic conditions, the level of principal remaining on the bond, the bond coupon rate, the bond origination date, and volume of available bonds in market. The calculation of premium amortization and discount accretion is by nature inexact, and represents management’s best estimate of principal pay downs inherent in the total investment portfolio. The cumulative net of tax effect of the change in market value of the available-for-sale investment portfolio as of December 31, 2015 was an unrealized gain of $4,462,000 and is reflected in the Company’s equity. At December 31, 2015, the average life of the investment portfolio was 5.77 years and the market value reflected a pre-tax unrealized gain of $7,474,000. Management reviews market value declines on individual investment securities to determine whether they represent other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, no OTTI was recorded. For the year ended December 31, 2013, OTTI was recorded in the amount of $17,000. Future deterioration in the market values of our investment securities may require the Company to recognize additional OTTI losses. A component of the Company’s strategic plan has been to use its investment portfolio to offset, in part, its interest rate risk relating to variable rate loans. Measured at December 31, 2015, an immediate rate increase of 200 basis points would result in an estimated decrease in the market value of the investment portfolio by approximately $37,255,000. Conversely, with an immediate rate decrease of 200 basis points, the estimated increase in the market value of the investment portfolio would be $31,622,000. The modeling environment assumes management would take no action during an immediate shock of 200 basis points. However, the Company uses those increments to measure its interest rate risk in accordance with regulatory requirements and to measure the possible future risk in the investment portfolio. For further discussion of the Company’s market risk, refer to Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. Management’s review of all investments before purchase includes an analysis of how the security will perform under several interest rate scenarios to monitor whether investments are consistent with our investment policy. The policy addresses issues of average life, duration, and concentration guidelines, prohibited investments, impairment, and prohibited practices. Total interest income in 2015 increased $783,000 to $41,822,000 compared to $41,039,000 in 2014 and $34,836,000 in 2013. The increase was the result of yield changes, asset mix changes, and an increase in average earning assets, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing liabilities. The tax equivalent yield on interest earning assets decreased to 4.10% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 4.22% for the year ended December 31, 2014. Average interest earning assets increased to $1,112,758,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $1,052,097,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014. Average interest-earning deposits in other banks increased $11,182,000 comparing 2015 to 2014. Average yield on these deposits was 0.32%. Average investments and interest-earning deposits increased $15,180,000 but the tax equivalent yield on those assets decreased 8 basis points. Average total loans increased $47,233,000 and the yield on average loans decreased 26 basis points. Impacting the increase in total interest income in 2014 was the collection of approximately $642,000 of net foregone interest, asset mix changes, and increase 49 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE (Continued) in average earning assets, partially offset by an increase in interest-bearing liabilities. The yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 4.22% for the year ended December 31, 2014 from 4.24% for the year ended December 31, 2013. Average interest-earning assets increased to $1,052,097,000 for the year ended December 31, 2014 compared to $895,330,000 for the year ended December 31, 2013. Interest expense on deposits in 2015 decreased $112,000 or 10.57% to $948,000 compared to $1,060,000 in 2014 and $1,270,000 in 2013. The decrease in interest expense in 2015 compared to 2014 was primarily due to the repricing of interest-bearing deposits which decreased 2 basis points to 0.14% in 2015 from 0.16% in 2014. The decrease in interest expense in 2014 compared to 2013 was due to repricing of interest-bearing deposits, which decreased 6 basis points to 0.16% in 2014 from 0.22% in 2013. Average interest-bearing deposits were $677,867,000 for 2015 compared to $657,738,000 and $564,537,000 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. The increases in average interest-bearing deposits in 2015 and 2014 was the result of organic growth. Average other borrowings were $5,156,000 with an effective rate of 1.89% for 2015 compared to $5,155,000 with an effective rate of 1.83% for 2014. In 2013, the average other borrowings were $5,645,000 with an effective rate of 2.05%. Included in other borrowings are the junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures acquired from Service 1st, advances on lines of credit and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). The debentures were acquired in the merger with Service 1st and carry a floating rate based on the three month LIBOR plus a margin 1.60%. The rate was 1.92% for 2015, 1.83% for 2014, and 1.84% for 2013. The cost of all of our interest-bearing liabilities decreased 2 basis points to 0.15% for 2015 compared to 0.17% for 2014 and 0.24% for 2013. The cost of total deposits decreased to 0.09% for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to 0.11% and 0.15% for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Average demand deposits increased 11.21% to $387,931,000 in 2015 compared to $348,822,000 for 2014 and $283,956,000 for 2013. The ratio of non-interest demand deposits to total deposits increased to 36.40% for 2015 compared to 34.65% and 33.47% for 2014 and 2013, respectively. NET INTEREST INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES Net interest income before provision for credit losses for 2015 increased $892,000 or 2.24% to $40,775,000 compared to $39,883,000 for 2014 and $33,451,000 for 2013. The increase in 2015 was due to the increase in average earning assets and 2 basis point decrease in the average interest rate on interest- bearing deposits, partially offset by the decrease in the average rate on earning assets. Our net interest margin (NIM) decreased 10 basis points. Yield on interest earning assets decreased 12 basis points while the effective rate on interest bearing liabilities decreased 2 basis points. The change in the mix of average interest earning assets also affected NIM. Interest-earning deposits in other banks and investment securities, which tend to have lower effective yields, increased. Net interest income before provision for credit losses increased $6,432,000 in 2014 compared to 2013, mainly due to the increase in average earning assets and 7 basis point decrease in the average interest rate on deposits liabilities. Average interest-earning assets were $1,112,758,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 with a NIM of 4.01% compared to $1,052,097,000 with a NIM of 4.11% in 2014, and $895,330,000 with a NIM of 4.09% in 2013. For a discussion of the repricing of our assets and liabilities, refer to Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk. PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES We provide for probable incurred credit losses through a charge to operating income based upon the composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency levels, historical losses and nonperforming assets, economic and environmental conditions and other factors which, in management’s judgment, deserve recognition in estimating credit losses. Loans are charged off when they are considered uncollectible or of such little value that continuance as an active earning bank asset is not warranted. The establishment of an adequate credit allowance is based on both an accurate risk rating system and loan portfolio management tools. The Board has established initial responsibility for the accuracy of credit risk grades with the 50 individual credit officer. The grading is then submitted to the Chief Credit Officer (CCO), who reviews the grades for accuracy and gives final approval. The CCO is not involved in loan originations. The risk grading and reserve allocation is analyzed quarterly by the Senior Risk Manager, CCO, Chief Financial Officer, and Board; and at least annually by a third party credit reviewer and by various regulatory agencies. Quarterly, the Senior Risk Manager and the CCO set the specific reserve for all adversely risk-graded credits. This process includes the utilization of loan delinquency reports, classified asset reports, collateral analysis, and portfolio concentration reports to assist in accurately assessing credit risk and establishing appropriate reserves. Reserves are also allocated to credits that are not impaired based on inherent risk in those loans. The allowance for credit losses is reviewed at least quarterly by the Board’s Audit/Compliance Committee and by the Board of Directors. Reserves are allocated to loan portfolio categories using percentages which are based on both historical risk elements such as delinquencies and losses and predictive risk elements such as economic, competitive and environmental factors. We have adopted the specific reserve approach to allocate reserves to each impaired credit for the purpose of estimating potential loss exposure. Although the allowance for credit losses is allocated to various portfolio categories, it is general in nature and available for the loan portfolio in its entirety. Changes in the allowance for credit losses may be required based on the results of independent loan portfolio examinations, regulatory agency examinations, or our own internal review process. Additions are also required when, in management’s judgment, the allowance does not properly reflect the portfolio’s probable loss exposure. Management believes that all adjustments, if any, to the allowance for credit losses are supported by the timely and consistent application of methodologies and processes resulting in detailed documentation of the allowance of the allowance calculation and other portfolio trending analysis. The allocation of the allowance for credit losses is set forth below (in thousands): Loan Type Commercial: December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production $ Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Unallocated reserves $ 3,143 419 1,556 694 1,686 1,149 119 500 234 110 2,753 377 1,380 837 1,201 564 76 811 267 42 Total allowance for credit losses $ 9,610 $ 8,308 Loans are charged to the allowance for credit losses when the loans are deemed uncollectible. It is the policy of management to make additions to the allowance so that it remains adequate to cover all probable incurred credit losses that exist in the portfolio at that time. We assign qualitative and environmental factors (Q factors) to each loan category. Q factors include reserves held for the effects of lending policies, economic trends, and portfolio trends along with other dynamics which may cause additional stress to the portfolio. Managing credits identified through the risk evaluation methodology includes developing a business strategy with the customer to mitigate our potential losses. Management continues to monitor these credits with a view to identifying as early as possible when, and to what extent, additional provisions may be necessary. There were $600,000 additions made to the allowance for credit losses in 2015, compared to $7,985,000 and none for the same periods in 2014 and 2013, respectively. These provisions are primarily the result of our assessment of the overall adequacy of the allowance for credit losses considering a number of factors as discussed in the ‘‘Allowance for Credit Losses’’ section below. During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) approximately $8.4 million in connection with the partial charge-off of a single commercial and agricultural relationship. The Company is actively working to collect all balances legally owed to the Company. The Company plans to continue to track and identify any expenses, net of recoveries, associated with the collection efforts of this commercial and agricultural relationship. For the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, collection expenses related to this relationship totaled $436,000 and $27,000, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company had net recoveries totaling $702,000 compared to net charge-offs of $8,885,000 and $925,000 for the same periods in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The net charge-off (recovery) ratio, which reflects net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans, was (0.12)%, 1.65% and 0.20% for 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Nonperforming loans were $2,413,000 and $14,052,000 at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans were 0.40% at December 31, 2015 compared to 2.45% at December 31, 2014. The Company had no other real estate owned at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 as compared to $190,000 at December 31, 2013. We had loans past due, not including nonaccrual loans, totaling $136,000 at December 31, 2015 compared to $336,000 at December 31, 2014. Excluding 2014, the Company has seen a decline in the amount of non-performing loans to an amount more in line with historical levels before the recession triggered by the financial crisis of 2008. Notwithstanding improvements in the economy, we anticipate weakness in economic conditions on national, state and local levels to continue. Continued economic pressures may negatively impact the financial condition of borrowers to whom the Company has extended credit and as a result we may be required to make further significant provisions to the allowance for credit losses in the future. Many of the agricultural crops grown by our Central Valley customers have been harvested with preliminary results demonstrating that California’s drought and unusual weather patterns have had an impact with lower crop yields compared to the previous year for certain crops. Many farmers and ranchers have instituted improved farming practices including planting less acreage, as part of the mitigation for the cost of water delivery and the expense of pumping. We closely monitored the water and the related issues affecting our customers in 2015 and 2014. We have been and will continue to be proactive in looking for signs of deterioration within the loan portfolio in an effort to manage credit quality and work with borrowers where possible to mitigate any further losses. As of December 31, 2015, we believe, based on all current and available information, the allowance for credit losses is adequate to absorb probable incurred losses within the loan portfolio; however, no assurance can be given that we may not sustain charge-offs which are in excess of the allowance in any given period. Refer to ‘‘Allowance for Credit Losses’’ below for further information. NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES Net interest income, after the provision for credit losses of $600,000 in 2015, $7,985,000 in 2014, and none in 2013, was $40,175,000 for 2015 compared to $31,898,000 and $33,451,000 for 2014 and 2013, respectively. NON-INTEREST INCOME Non-interest income is comprised of customer service charges, gains on sales and calls of investment securities, income from appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance, loan placement fees, Federal Home Loan Bank dividends, and other income. Non-interest income was $9,387,000 in 2015 compared to $8,164,000 and $7,831,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The $1,223,000 or 14.98% increase in non-interest income was due to increases in net realized gains on sales and calls of investment securities, loan placement fees, Federal Home Loan Bank dividends, and other income, compared to the comparable 2014 period, partially offset by a decrease in service charge income, interchange fees, and appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance. The $333,000 or 4.25% increases in non-interest income comparing 2014 to 2013 was due to increases in service charge income, interchange fees, appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance, Federal Home Loan Bank dividends, and gain on sale of other real estate owned, partially offset by gains on sales and calls of investment securities and loan placement fees. Customer service charges decreased $210,000 to $3,070,000 in 2015 compared to $3,280,000 in 2014 and $3,156,000 in 2013. The decrease in 2015 from 2014, is due to lower analyzed service charge fee income. The increase in 2014 from 2013 is mainly due to increases in overdraft and analyzed service charge fee income. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we realized net gains on sales and calls of investment securities of $1,495,000. In 2014, we realized a net gain of $904,000 compared to a net gain of $1,265,000 in 2013 from sales and calls of investment securities. The net gains in 2015 , 2014, and 2013 were the results of partial restructuring of the investment portfolio designed to improve the future performance of the portfolio. See Footnote 4 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail. Income from the appreciation in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance (BOLI) totaled $596,000 in 2015 compared to $614,000 and $495,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The Bank’s salary continuation and deferred compensation plans and the related BOLI are used as a retention tool for directors and key executives of the Bank. Interchange fees totaled $1,197,000 in 2015 compared to $1,205,000 and $962,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Part of the increases in 2014 is attributable to the VCB acquisition. We earn loan placement fees from the brokerage of single-family residential mortgage loans provided for the convenience of our customers. Loan placement fees increased $498,000 in 2015 to $1,042,000 compared to $544,000 in 2014 and $677,000 in 2013. Fees were higher in 2015 compared to 2014 and 2013. Refinancing and new mortgage activity increased in 2015 and decreased slightly in 2014. We continue to see the historically low mortgage rates and first time home buyer tax incentives. The Bank holds stock from the Federal Home Loan Bank in relationship with its borrowing capacity and generally receives quarterly dividends. As of December 31, 2015, we held $4,823,000 in FHLB stock compared to $4,791,000 at December 31, 2014. Dividends in 2015 increased to $580,000 compared to $327,000 in 2014 and $177,000 in 2013. Other income increased to $1,396,000 in 2015 compared to $1,227,000 and $1,099,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The period-to-period increase in 2015 compared to 2014 was primarily due to increases in electronic funds transfer fee income and non-customer check cashing fees. In addition, the Company realized a $345,000 tax-free gain related to the collection of life insurance proceeds in June 2015 which is included in Other income. NON-INTEREST EXPENSES Salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, regulatory assessments, acquisition and integration-related expenses, data processing expenses, ATM/Debit card expenses, license and maintenance contract expenses, and professional services (consisting of audit, accounting, consulting and legal fees) are the major categories of non-interest expenses. Non-interest expenses increased $678,000 or 1.92% to $36,016,000 in 2015 compared to $35,338,000 in 2014, and $31,685,000 in 2013. Our efficiency ratio, measured as the percentage of non-interest expenses (exclusive of amortization of core deposit intangibles and other real estate owned expenses) to net interest income before provision for credit losses plus non-interest income (exclusive of realized gains or losses on sale and calls of investments) was 69.24% for 2015 compared to 69.42% for 2014 and 73.06% for 2013. The improvement in the efficiency ratio in 2015 is due to the growth in revenues outpacing the growth in non-interest expense. The improvement in the efficiency ratio in 2014 compared to 2013 is also due to the growth in revenues outpacing the growth in non-interest expense. 51 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations NON-INTEREST EXPENSES (Continued) Salaries and employee benefits increased $1,115,000 or 5.65% to $20,836,000 in 2015 compared to $19,721,000 in 2014 and $17,427,000 in 2013. Full time equivalents were 273 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to 271 for the year ended December 31, 2014. In addition, the increase in 2015 as compared to 2014 is a result of higher commissions on loan originations, group health insurance expenses and profit sharing expenses. The Company had no profit sharing expense in 2014. 2015 also had higher loan origination costs which reduce the Company’s total salaries and employee benefits. At December 31, 2015, we had three share based compensation plans under which compensation expense is recognized based on the estimated fair value of the awards at the date of the grant. In May 2015, the Company adopted the Central Valley Community Bancorp 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2015 Plan). The plan provides for awards in the form of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock. The plan also allows for performance awards that may be in the form of cash or shares of the Company, including restricted stock. Currently under the 2015 Plan, there are 875,000 shares remain reserved for future grants as of December 31, 2015. The Central Valley Community Bancorp 2000 Stock Option Plan (2000 Plan) for which 80,045 shares remain reserved for issuance for options already granted under incentive and nonstatutory agreements. This plan expired in November 2010 and no new options will be granted under this plan. The Central Valley Community Bancorp 2005 Omnibus Incentive Plan (2005 Plan) provided for awards in the form of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, and restricted stock. Currently under the 2005 Plan, there are 213,678 shares reserved for issuance for options and restricted stock awards already committed to be granted to employees and directors under incentive and nonstatutory agreements. The 2005 Plan expired May 16, 2015 and no additional grants will be made under this plan. The Company bases the fair value of the options previously granted on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model that uses assumptions based on expected option life, the level of estimated forfeitures, expected stock volatility and the risk-free interest rate. Stock volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve and the expected term of the options. The expected term of the options represents the period that the Company’s options are expected to be outstanding. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, the compensation cost recognized for share based compensation was $238,000, $173,000 and $98,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2015, there was $86,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under all plans. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.72 years. See Notes 1 and 15 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail. No options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock were issued during the years ending December 31, 2015 and 2014. During the year ended December 31, 2015, 9,268 shares of restricted common stock were granted from the 2005 Plan. The restricted common stock had a fair market value of $10.79 per share on the date of grant. As of December 31, 2015, there was $554,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested restricted common stock. Restricted stock compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining period of 3.58 years and will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures. Occupancy and equipment expense decreased $166,000 or 3.43% to $4,669,000 in 2015 compared to $4,835,000 in 2014 and $4,109,000 in 2013. The decrease in 2015 was the result of the closure of an ATM location in Visalia. The increase in 2014 was primarily due to increases in rent and depreciation expense for the premises acquired from VCB. The Company made no changes in depreciation expense methodology. Regulatory assessments increased $297,000 or 38.98% to $1,059,000 in 2015 compared to $762,000 and $696,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The assessment base for calculating the amount owed is average assets minus average tangible equity. The increase in regulatory assessments was a result of higher assessment rate which was a result of changes in credit quality ratios used in determining the assessment rate along with higher average assets. 52 Data processing expenses were $1,139,000 in 2015 compared to $1,820,000 in 2014 and $1,383,000 in 2013. The $681,000 or 37.42% decrease in 2015, was a result of higher expenses in 2014 which related to final conversion from VCB platforms and largely due to the renegotiation of data processing contracts which became effective January 1, 2015. The $437,000 or 31.60% increase in 2014 compared to 2013 is the result of increased processing charges related to the VCB acquisition and an increase of accounts and services provided to our customers and branches. Amortization of core deposit intangibles was $320,000 for 2015, $337,000 for 2014, and $268,000 for 2013. During 2015, amortization expense related to Service 1st Bank core deposit intangible (CDI) was $183,000, and amortization expense related to VCB CDI was $137,000. During 2014, amortization expense related to Service 1st Bank core deposit intangible (CDI) was $200,000, and amortization expense related to VCB CDI was $137,000. During 2013, amortization expense related to Service 1st Bank core deposit intangible (CDI) was $200,000, and amortization expense related to VCB CDI was $68,000. ATM/Debit card expenses decreased $76,000 to $548,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $624,000 in 2014 and $527,000 in 2013. License and maintenance contracts increased $32,000 to $520,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $488,000 and $472,000 in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Other non-interest expenses decreased $362,000 or 8.11% to $4,104,000 in 2015 compared to $4,466,000 in 2014 and $3,866,000 in 2013. The following table describes significant components of other non-interest expense as a percentage of average assets. For the years ended December 31, % Other Expense Average Assets 2015 % Other Expense Average Assets 2014 % Other Expense Average Assets 2013 Stationery/supplies Amortization of software Director fees and related expenses Telephone Postage Armored courier fees Risk management expense Loss (gain) on sale or write-down of assets Donations Personnel other Education/training General insurance Appraisal fees Operating losses Other Total other non-interest expense $ 269 240 306 292 212 218 163 6 185 173 148 150 66 56 1,620 (Dollars in thousands) 0.02% $ 0.02% 0.03% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.01% -% 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% -% 0.13% 266 224 262 230 238 221 207 201 179 154 135 141 130 53 1,825 0.02% $ 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% -% 0.16% 257 243 233 219 202 155 155 (1) 160 122 135 126 89 67 1,704 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.01% 0.01% -% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.15% $ 4,104 0.34% $ 4,466 0.39% $ 3,866 0.34% PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES Our effective income tax rate was 19.1% for 2015 compared to (12.0)% for 2014 and 14.1% for 2013. The Company reported an income tax provision (benefit) of $2,582,000, $(570,000), and $1,347,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013, respectively. Changes in the Company’s effective tax rate other than changes in the level of income before taxes were due in part to changes in tax law which limited the use of various tax credits and incentive beginning in 2014 and the ratio of non-taxable income to total income before taxes. PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS AND ACCRETION On August 18, 2011, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (SPA) with the Small Business Lending Fund of the United States Department of the Treasury (the Treasury), under which the Company issued 7,000 shares of Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C (Series C Preferred) to the Treasury for an aggregate purchase price of $7,000,000. Simultaneously, the Company agreed with Treasury under a Letter Agreement to redeem, for an aggregate price of $7,000,000, the 7,000 shares of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS AND ACCRETION (Continued) the Company’s Series A Fixed Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock (Series A Stock) originally issued pursuant to the Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program (CPP) in 2009. The redemption of the Series A Stock resulted in an acceleration of the remaining discount booked at the time of the CPP transaction. In connection with the repurchase of the Series A Stock, the Company also repurchased the warrant (the Warrant) to purchase 79,037 shares of the Company’s common stock that was originally issued to Treasury in connection with the CPP transaction for total consideration of $185,000. On December 31, 2013, the Company redeemed all 7,000 outstanding shares of its Series C Preferred from the Treasury, in exercise of its optional redemption rights pursuant to the terms of the Series C Preferred under the Company’s charter and the SPA. The Company paid the Treasury $7,087,500 in connection with the redemption, representing $1,000 per share of the Series C Preferred plus all accrued and unpaid dividends through the date of the redemption. The obligations of the Company under the SPA are terminated as a result of the redemption. No additional shares of Series C Preferred are outstanding. We accrued preferred stock dividends to the Treasury and accretion of the issuance discount in the amount of $350,000 during the year ended December 31, 2013. FINANCIAL CONDITION SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2015 compared to December 31, 2014. Total assets were $1,276,736,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $1,192,183,000 as of December 31, 2014, an increase of 7.09% or $84,553,000. Total gross loans were $598,111,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $572,588,000 as of December 31, 2014, an increase of $25,523,000 or 4.46%. The total investment portfolio (including Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits in other banks) increased 11.53% or $60,033,000 to $580,544,000. Total deposits increased 7.42% or $77,115,000 to $1,116,267,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $1,039,152,000 as of December 31, 2014. Shareholders’ equity increased $8,278,000 or 6.32% to $139,323,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $131,045,000 as of December 31, 2014. The increase in shareholders’ equity was driven by the retention of earnings net of dividends paid, partially offset by a decrease in unrealized gains on available-for-sale investment securities recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI). Accrued interest payable and other liabilities were $15,991,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $16,831,000 as of December 31, 2014, a decrease of $840,000. FAIR VALUE The Company measures the fair values of its financial instruments utilizing a hierarchical framework associated with the level of observable pricing scenarios utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. The degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments generally correlates to the level of the observable pricing scenario. Financial instruments with readily available actively quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of observable pricing and a lesser degree of judgment utilized in measuring fair value. Conversely, financial instruments rarely traded or not quoted will generally have little or no observable pricing and a higher degree of judgment utilized in measuring fair value. Observable pricing scenarios are impacted by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, whether the financial instrument is new to the market and not yet established and the characteristics specific to the transaction. See Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information about the level of pricing transparency associated with financial instruments carried at fair value. INVESTMENTS Our investment portfolio consists primarily of U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by residential mortgage backed obligations and obligations of states and political subdivision securities and are classified at the date of acquisition as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity. As of December 31, 2015, investment securities with a fair value of $118,400,000, or 23.25% of our investment securities portfolio, were held as collateral for public funds, short and long-term borrowings, treasury, tax, and for other purposes. Our investment policies are established by the Board of Directors and implemented by our Investment/Asset Liability Committee. They are designed primarily to provide and maintain liquidity, to enable us to meet our pledging requirements for public money and borrowing arrangements, to generate a favorable return on investments without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, and to complement our lending activities. The level of our investment portfolio is generally considered higher than our peers due primarily to a comparatively low loan-to-deposit ratio. Our loan-to-deposit ratio at December 31, 2015 was 53.58% compared to 55.10% at December 31, 2014. The loan to deposit ratio of our peers was 75.73% at December 31, 2015. Peer group information from SNL Financial data includes bank holding companies in central California with assets from $600 million to $2.5 billion. The total investment portfolio, including Federal funds sold and interest-earning deposits in other banks, increased 11.53% or $60,033,000 to $580,544,000 at December 31, 2015, from $520,511,000 at December 31, 2014. The market value of the portfolio reflected an unrealized gain of $7,474,000 at December 31, 2015, compared to an unrealized gain of $8,896,000 at December 31, 2014. Losses recognized in 2015, 2014, and 2013 were incurred in order to reposition the investment securities portfolio based on the current rate environment. The securities which were sold at a loss were acquired when the rate environment was not as volatile. The securities which were sold were primarily purchased several years ago to serve a purpose in the rate environment in which the securities were purchased. The Company is addressing risks in the security portfolio by selling these securities and using proceeds to purchase securities that fit with the Company’s current risk profile. On January 20, 2016, management sold certain investment securities with a book value of $23.0 million in a routine restructuring of the investment portfolio. Through the proper operation of the Company’s internal control process related to investment securities, management discovered after the transaction settled that five of the 13 securities sold were previously designated as Held to Maturity (HTM). The book value of the HTM securities sold was $8.0 million. The gain realized on the sale of the HTM securities was $648,000. The Company will reclassify the remaining HTM securities as Available for Sale as of January 20, 2016. We periodically evaluate each investment security for other-than-temporary impairment, relying primarily on industry analyst reports, observation of market conditions and interest rate fluctuations. The portion of the impairment that is attributable to a shortage in the present value of expected future cash flows relative to the amortized cost should be recorded as a current period charge to earnings. The discount rate in this analysis is the original yield expected at time of purchase. As of December 31, 2015, the Company performed an analysis of the investment portfolio to determine whether any of the investments held in the portfolio had an other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI). Management evaluated all investment securities with an unrealized loss at December 31, 2015, and identified those that had an unrealized loss for at least a consecutive 12 month period, which had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2015 greater than 10% of the recorded book value on that date, or which had an unrealized loss of more than $10,000. Management also analyzed any securities that may have been downgraded by credit rating agencies. For those bonds that met the evaluation criteria management obtained and reviewed the most recently published national credit ratings for those bonds. For those bonds that were municipal debt securities with an investment grade rating by the rating agencies, management also evaluated the financial condition of the municipality and any applicable municipal bond insurance provider and concluded that no credit related impairment existed. At December 31, 2015, the Company had a total of 17 PLRMBS with a remaining principal balance of $2,356,000 and a net unrealized gain of approximately $1,234,000. Nine of these PLRMBS with a remaining principal balance of $2,094,000 had credit ratings below investment grade. The Company continues to monitor these securities for changes in credit ratings or other indications of credit deterioration. No credit related OTTI charges related to PLRMBS were recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015. See Note 4 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for carrying values and estimated fair values of our investment securities portfolio. 53 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations LOANS Total gross loans increased $25,523,000 or 4.46% to $598,111,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $572,588,000 as of December 31, 2014. The following table sets forth information concerning the composition of our loan portfolio as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, and 2011. Loan Type (Dollars in thousands) Commercial: Commercial and industrial Agricultural land and production Total commercial Real estate: Owner occupied Real estate-construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Agricultural real estate Other real estate Total real estate Consumer: Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer and installment Total consumer Deferred loan fees, net Total gross loans Allowance for credit losses 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 Amount % of Total Loans Amount % of Total Loans Amount % of Total Loans Amount % of Total Loans Amount % of Total Loans $ 102,197 17.1% $ 89,007 15.5% $ 87,082 17.0% $ 77,956 19.7% $ 78,089 18.3% 30,472 132,669 5.1% 22.2% 39,140 128,147 6.8% 22.3% 31,649 118,731 6.1% 23.1% 26,599 104,555 6.7% 26.4% 29,958 108,047 7.0% 25.3% 168,910 28.2% 176,804 30.9% 156,781 30.6% 114,444 28.9% 113,183 26.4% 38,685 117,244 74,867 10,520 410,226 42,296 12,503 54,799 417 598,111 (9,610) 6.5% 19.6% 12.5% 1.8% 68.6% 7.1% 2.1% 9.2% 100.0% 38,923 106,788 57,501 6,611 386,627 47,575 10,093 57,668 146 572,588 (8,308) 6.8% 18.7% 10.0% 1.2% 67.6% 8.3% 1.8% 10.1% 100.0% 42,329 86,117 44,164 4,548 333,939 48,594 11,252 59,846 (159) 512,357 (9,208) 8.3% 16.8% 8.6% 0.9% 65.2% 9.5% 2.2% 11.7% 100.0% 33,199 53,797 28,400 8,098 237,938 42,932 10,346 53,278 (453) 395,318 (10,133) 8.4% 13.6% 7.2% 2.0% 60.1% 10.9% 2.6% 13.5% 100.0% 33,047 62,523 42,596 7,892 259,241 51,106 9,765 60,871 (764) 427,395 (11,396) 7.7% 14.6% 9.9% 1.8% 60.4% 12.0% 2.3% 14.3% 100.0% Total loans $ 588,501 $ 564,280 $ 503,149 $ 385,185 $ 415,999 At December 31, 2015, loans acquired in the VCB acquisition had a balance of $62,395,000, of which $1,617,000 were commercial loans, $51,576,000 were real estate loans, and $9,202,000 were consumer loans. At December 31, 2014, loans acquired in the VCB acquisition had a balance of $77,882,000, of which $3,590,000 were commercial loans, $62,792,000 were real estate loans, and $11,500,000 were consumer loans. At December 31, 2015, in management’s judgment, a concentration of loans existed in commercial loans and real-estate-related loans, representing approximately 97.9% of total loans of which 22.2% were commercial and 75.7% were real-estate-related. This level of concentration is consistent with 98.2% at December 31, 2014. Although we believe the loans within this concentration have no more than the normal risk of collectability, a substantial further decline in the performance of the economy in general or a further decline in real estate values in our primary market areas, in particular, could have an adverse impact on collectability, increase the level of real estate-related nonperforming loans, or have other adverse effects which alone or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. The Company was not involved in any sub-prime mortgage lending activities at December 31, 2015 and 2014. We believe that our commercial real estate loan underwriting policies and practices result in prudent extensions of credit, but recognize that our lending activities result in relatively high reported commercial real estate lending levels. Commercial real estate loans include certain loans which represent low to moderate risk and certain loans with higher risks. The Board of Directors review and approve concentration limits and exceptions to limitations of concentration are reported to the Board of Directors at least quarterly. NONPERFORMING ASSETS Nonperforming assets consist of loans past due 90 days or more that are still accruing interest, loans on nonaccrual status, and foreclosed property classified as Other Real Estate Owned (OREO). We measure all loans placed on nonaccrual status for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral or the net present value of the expected cash flows. At December 31, 2015, total nonperforming assets totaled $2,413,000, or 0.19% of total assets, compared to $14,052,000, or 1.18% of total assets at December 31, 2014. Total nonperforming assets at December 31, 2015, included nonaccrual loans totaling $2,413,000, no OREO, and no repossessed assets. Nonperforming assets at December 31, 2014 consisted of $14,052,000 in nonaccrual loans, no OREO, and no repossessed assets. At December 31, 2015, we had four loans considered troubled debt restructurings (‘‘TDRs’’) totaling $1,337,000 which are included in nonaccrual loans compared to three TDRs totaling $1,826,000 at December 31, 2014. We have no outstanding commitments to lend additional funds to any of these borrowers. A summary of nonaccrual, restructured, and past due loans at December 31, 2015 and 2014 is set forth below. The Company had no loans past due more than 90 days and still accruing interest at December 31, 2015 and 2014. Management is not aware of any potential problem loans, which were current and accruing at December 31, 2015, where serious doubt exists as to the ability of the borrower to comply with the present repayment terms. Management can give no assurance that nonaccrual and other nonperforming loans will not increase in the future. 54 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Composition of Nonaccrual, Past Due and Restructured Loans NONPERFORMING ASSETS (Continued) (As of December 31, dollars in thousands) Nonaccrual Loans: Commercial and industrial Owner occupied Agricultural real estate Commercial real estate Equity loans and line of credit Consumer and installment Restructured loans (non-accruing): Commercial and industrial Owner occupied Real estate construction and other land loans Commercial real estate Equity loans and line of credit Consumer and Installment Total nonaccrual Accruing loans past due 90 days or more Total nonperforming loans Nonperforming loans to total loans Ratio of nonperforming loans to allowance for credit losses Loans considered to be impaired Related allowance for credit losses on impaired loans 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 $ $ $ $ - 324 - 567 172 13 29 23 - - 1,285 - 2,413 - 2,413 0.40% 25.11% 6,699 164 $ $ $ $ $ 7,265 1,363 360 1,468 1,751 19 - - 547 - 1,279 - 14,052 - 14,052 $ 2.45% 169.14% 18,826 612 $ $ 335 1,777 - 158 721 - 1,192 384 1,450 - 1,565 4 7,586 - 7,586 1.48% 82.38% 13,357 1,007 $ $ $ $ - 213 - - 237 - - 1,362 6,288 - 1,595 - 9,695 - 9,695 2.45% 95.68% 17,105 510 $ $ $ $ 267 353 - 2,434 705 74 - 1,019 6,823 1,110 1,649 - 14,434 - 14,434 3.38% 126.66% 23,644 4,368 We measure our impaired loans by using the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent and the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original contractual interest rate if the loan is not collateral dependent. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had impaired loans totaling $6,699,000 and $18,826,000, respectively. For collateral dependent loans secured by real estate, we obtain external appraisals which are updated at least annually to determine the fair value of the collateral, and we record an immediate charge off for the difference between the book value of the loan and the appraised less selling costs value of the collateral. We perform quarterly internal reviews on substandard loans. We place loans on nonaccrual status and classify them as impaired when it becomes probable that we will not receive interest and principal under the original contractual terms, or when loans are delinquent 90 days or more unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Management maintains certain loans that have been brought current by the borrower (less than 30 days delinquent) on nonaccrual status until such time as management has determined that the loans are likely to remain current in future periods. Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans totaled $340,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 of which $104,000 was attributable to troubled debt restructurings. Foregone interest on nonaccrual loans totaled $716,000 and $661,000 for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively of which $139,000 and $279,000 was attributable to troubled debt restructurings, respectively. 55 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations NONPERFORMING ASSETS (Continued) The following table provides a reconciliation of the change in non-accrual loans for the year ended December 31, 2015. (In thousands) Non-accrual loans: Commercial and industrial Real estate Real estate construction and land development Agricultural real estate Equity loans and lines of credit Consumer Restructured loans (non-accruing): Commercial and industrial Real estate Real estate construction and land development Equity loans and lines of credit Balances December 31, 2014 Additions to Nonaccrual Loans Net Pay Downs Transfer to Foreclosed Collateral - OREO Returns to Accrual Status Charge Offs Balances December 31, 2015 $ $ 7,209 2,831 - 360 1,751 19 56 - 547 1,279 190 720 53 - 152 3 - 25 - 41 $ (6,620) (2,660) $ $ - - $ - - $ (779) - (53) (360) (1,364) (6) (27) (2) (547) (35) - - (227) - - - - - - - (111) - - - - - - - (29) (3) - - - - - 891 - - 172 13 29 23 - 1,285 2,413 Total non-accrual $ 14,052 $ 1,184 $ (11,674) $ (227) $ (111) $ (811) $ The following table provides a summary of the annual change in the OREO balance: (In thousands) Balance, beginning of year Additions 1st lien assumed upon foreclosure Dispositions Write-downs Net gain on disposition Balance, end of year Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ $ - 227 121 (359) - 11 - $ 190 235 - (488) - 63 - OREO represents real property taken either through foreclosure or through a deed in lieu thereof from the borrower. OREO is carried at the lesser of cost or fair market value, less selling costs. As of December 31, 2015 the Bank had no OREO properties. In 2015, the Bank foreclosed on one property collateralized by real estate. Proceeds from OREO sales totaled $359,000 during 2015. The Company realized $11,000 in net gains from the sale of all properties. As of December 31, 2014 the Bank had no OREO properties. In 2014, the Bank foreclosed on one property collateralized by real estate. Proceeds from OREO sales totaled $488,000 during 2014. The Company realized $63,000 in net gains from the sale of all properties. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES We have established a methodology for the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses made up of general and specific allocations. The methodology is set forth in a formal policy and takes into consideration the need for an overall allowance for credit losses as well as specific allowances that are tied to individual loans. The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of probable incurred credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The allowance consists of two primary components, specific reserves related to impaired loans and general reserves for probable incurred losses related to loans that are not impaired. For all portfolio segments, the determination of the general reserve for loans that are not impaired is based on estimates made by management, including but not limited to, consideration of historical losses by portfolio segment (and in certain cases peer loss data) over the most recent 20 quarters, and qualitative factors including economic trends in the Company’s service areas, industry 56 experience and trends, geographic concentrations, estimated collateral values, the Company’s underwriting policies, the character of the loan portfolio, and probable losses incurred in the portfolio taken as a whole. Management has determined that the most recent 20 quarters was an appropriate look back period based on several factors including the current global economic uncertainty and various national and local economic indicators, and a time period sufficient to capture enough data due to the size of the portfolio to produce statistically accurate historical loss calculations. We believe this period is an appropriate look back period. In originating loans, we recognize that losses will be experienced and that the risk of loss will vary with, among other things, the type of loan being made, the creditworthiness of the borrower over the term of the loan, general economic conditions and, in the case of a secured loan, the quality of the collateral securing the loan. The allowance is increased by provisions charged against earnings and recoveries, and reduced by net loan charge offs. Loans are charged off when they are deemed to be uncollectible, or partially charged off when portions of a loan are deemed to be uncollectible. Recoveries are generally recorded only when cash payments are received. The allowance for credit losses is maintained to cover probable incurred credit losses in the loan portfolio. The responsibility for the review of our assets and the determination of the adequacy lies with management and our Audit Committee. They delegate the authority to the Senior Risk Manager and the Chief Credit Officer (CCO) to determine the loss reserve ratio for each type of asset and to review, at least quarterly, the adequacy of the allowance based on an evaluation of the portfolio, past experience, prevailing market conditions, amount of government guarantees, concentration in loan types and other relevant factors. The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of the probable incurred credit losses in our loan and lease portfolio. The allowance is based on principles of accounting: (1) ASC 450-20 which requires losses to be accrued for on loans when they are probable of occurring and can be reasonably estimated and (2) ASC 310-10 which requires that losses be accrued based on the differences between the value of collateral, present value of future cash flows or values that are observable in the secondary market and the loan balance. Management adheres to an internal asset review system and loss allowance methodology designed to provide for timely recognition of problem assets and adequate valuation allowances to cover probable incurred losses. The Bank’s asset monitoring process includes the use of asset classifications to segregate the assets, largely loans, into various risk categories. The Bank uses the various asset classifications as a means of measuring risk and determining the adequacy of valuation allowances by using a nine-grade system to classify assets. In general, all credit facilities exceeding 90 days of delinquency require classification and are placed on nonaccrual. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) The following table sets forth information regarding our allowance for credit losses at the dates and for the periods indicated: (Dollars in thousands) Balance, beginning of year Provision charged to operations Losses charged to allowance Recoveries Balance, end of year Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 $ $ 8,308 600 (961) 1,663 9,208 7,985 (9,834) 949 $ 9,610 $ 8,308 Allowance for credit losses to total loans 1.61% 1.45% As of December 31, 2015, the allowance for credit losses (ALLL) stood at $9,610,000, compared to $8,308,000 at December 31, 2014, a net increase of $1,302,000. The increase in the ALLL was due to net recoveries and a provision for credit losses during the year ended December 31, 2015, the retention of which was necessitated by management’s observations and assumptions about the existing credit quality of the loan portfolio. Net recoveries totaled $702,000 while the provision for credit losses was $600,000. The balance of classified loans and loans graded special mention, totaled $31,764,000 and $28,719,000 at December 31, 2015 and $33,758,000 and $8,663,000 at December 31, 2014. The balance of undisbursed commitments to extend credit on construction and other loans and letters of credit was $217,166,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $214,131,000 as of December 31, 2014. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, the balance of a contingent allocation for probable loan loss experience on unfunded obligations was $150,000 and $165,000, respectively. The contingent allocation for probable loan loss experience on unfunded obligations is calculated by management using an appropriate, systematic, and consistently applied process. While related to credit losses, this allocation is not a part of ALLL and is considered separately as a liability for accounting and regulatory reporting purposes. Risks and uncertainties exist in all lending transactions and our management and Directors’ Loan Committee have established reserve levels based on economic uncertainties and other risks that exist as of each reporting period. The ALLL as a percentage of total loans was 1.61% at December 31, 2015, and 1.45% at December 31, 2014. Total loans include VCB loans that were recorded at fair value in connection with the acquisition of $62,395,000 at December 31, 2015 and $77,882,000 at December 31, 2014. Excluding these VCB loans from the calculation, the ALLL to total gross loans was 1.79% and 1.68% as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively and general reserves associated with non-impaired loans to total non-impaired loans was 1.79% and 1.62%, respectively. The loan portfolio acquired in the VCB merger was booked at fair value with no associated allocation in the ALLL. The size of the fair value discount remains adequate for all non-impaired acquired loans; therefore, there is no associated allocation in the ALLL. While non-performing loans improved substantially during 2015, the liquidation of collateral associated with a single commercial and agricultural relationship that was charged down to its net realizable value during the year ended December 31, 2014, the migration of special mention loans from $8,663,000 to $28,719,000 and changes in qualitative factors during the year ended December 31, 2015 gave rise to the need for additional general loan loss reserves. The Company’s loan portfolio balances in 2015 increased through organic growth. The higher allowance for credit losses to total loans ratio is supported by the recent acceleration of growth rates of loans included in the ALLL as well as the high loss experienced in 2014. During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company recorded a provision for credit losses of approximately $8.4 million in connection with the partial charge-off of a single commercial and agricultural relationship. The Company is actively working to collect all balances legally owed to the Company. The Company plans to continue to track and identify any expenses, net of recoveries, associated with the collection efforts of this commercial and agricultural relationship, and management of the Company continues to work to minimize any future losses related to this credit. For the year ended December 31, 2015, collection expenses related to this relationship totaled $436,000 as compared to $27,000 in 2014. The determination of the general reserve for loans that are not impaired is based on estimates made by management, including but not limited to, consideration of historical losses (or peer data) by portfolio segment over the most recent 20 quarters, and qualitative factors. Assumptions regarding the collateral value of various under-performing loans may affect the level and allocation of the allowance for credit losses in future periods. The allowance may also be affected by trends in the amount of charge offs experienced or expected trends within different loan portfolios. However, the total reserve rates on non-impaired loans include qualitative factors which are systematically derived and consistently applied to reflect conservatively estimated losses from loss contingencies at the date of the financial statements. Based on the above considerations and given recent changes in historical charge-off rates included in the ALLL modeling and the changes in other factors, management determined that the ALLL was appropriate as of December 31, 2015. Non-performing loans totaled $2,413,000 as of December 31, 2015, and $14,052,000 as of December 31, 2014. The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans was 398.26% and 59.12% as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. In addition, management believes that the likelihood of recoveries on previously charged-off loans continues to improve based on the collection efforts of management combined with improvements in the value of real estate which serves as the primary source of collateral for loans. Management believes the allowance at December 31, 2015 is adequate based upon its ongoing analysis of the loan portfolio, historical loss trends and other factors. However, no assurance can be given that the Company may not sustain charge-offs which are in excess of the allowance in any given period. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Business combinations involving the Bank’s acquisition of the equity interests or net assets of another enterprise give rise to goodwill. Total goodwill at December 31, 2015 was $29,917,000 consisting of $6,340,000, $14,643,000 and $8,934,000 representing the excess of the cost of Visalia Community Bank, Service 1st Bancorp and Bank of Madera County, respectively, over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transactions accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The value of goodwill is ultimately derived from the Bank’s ability to generate net earnings after the acquisitions and is not deductible for tax purposes. A significant decline in net earnings could be indicative of a decline in the fair value of goodwill and result in impairment. For that reason, goodwill is assessed at least annually for impairment. The Company has selected September 30 as the date to perform the annual impairment test. Management assessed qualitative factors including performance trends and noted no factors indicating goodwill impairment. Goodwill is also tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the Company below its carrying amount. No such events or circumstances arose during the fourth quarter of 2015, so goodwill was not required to be retested. The intangible assets at December 31, 2015 represent the estimated fair value of the core deposit relationships acquired in the 2008 acquisition of Service 1st Bank of $1,400,000 and the 2013 acquisition of Visalia Community Bank of $1,365,000. Core deposit intangibles are being amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated life of seven to ten years from the date of acquisition. The carrying value of intangible assets at December 31, 2015 was $1,024,000, net of $1,741,000 in accumulated amortization expense. The carrying value at December 31, 2014 was $1,344,000, net of $1,421,000 in accumulated amortization expense. Management evaluates the remaining useful lives quarterly to determine whether events or circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining periods of amortization. Based on the evaluation, no changes to the remaining useful lives was required. Management performed an annual impairment test on core deposit intangibles as of September 30, 2015 and determined no impairment was necessary. In addition, management determined that no events had occurred between the annual evaluation date and December 31, 2015 which would necessitate further analysis. Amortization expense recognized was $320,000 for 2015, $337,000 for 2014 and $268,000 2013. 57 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Continued) The following table summarizes the Company’s estimated core deposit intangible amortization expense for each of the next five years (in thousands): Years Ending December 31, 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter Total Estimated Core Deposit Intangible Amortization $ $ 137 137 137 137 137 339 1,024 DEPOSITS AND BORROWINGS The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up to applicable legal limits. All of a depositor’s accounts at an insured depository institution, including all non-interest bearing transactions accounts, will be insured by the FDIC up to the standard maximum deposit insurance amount of $250,000 for each deposit insurance ownership category. Total deposits increased $77,115,000 or 7.42% to $1,116,267,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $1,039,152,000 as of December 31, 2014. Interest-bearing deposits increased $24,744,000 or 3.73% to $687,494,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $662,750,000 as of December 31, 2014. Non-interest bearing deposits increased $52,371,000 or 13.91% to $428,773,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $376,402,000 as of December 31, 2014. Average non-interest bearing deposits to average total deposits was 36.40% for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to 34.65% for the same period in 2014. Our total market share of deposits in Fresno, Madera, San Joaquin, and Tulare counties was 3.77% in 2015 compared to 3.81% in 2014 based on FDIC deposit market share information published as of June 2015. The composition of the deposits and average interest rates paid at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 is summarized in the table below. (Dollars in thousands) NOW accounts MMA accounts Time deposits Savings deposits Total interest-bearing Non-interest bearing % of % of December 31, Total Effective December 31, Total Effective 2015 Deposits Rate 2014 Deposits Rate $ 227,167 239,241 139,703 81,383 687,494 428,773 20.4% 0.10% $ 21.4% 0.06% 12.5% 0.37% 7.3% 0.04% 61.6% 0.14% 38.4% 209,781 228,268 153,320 71,381 662,750 376,402 20.2% 0.11% 22.0% 0.08% 14.7% 0.40% 6.9% 0.05% 63.8% 0.16% 36.2% Total deposits $ 1,116,267 100.0% $ 1,039,152 100.0% There were no short-term or long-term FHLB borrowings as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. We maintain a line of credit with the FHLB collateralized by government securities and loans. Refer to Liquidity section below for further discussion of FHLB advances. The Company succeeded to all of the rights and obligations of Service 1st Capital Trust I, a Delaware business trust, in connection with the acquisition of Service 1st as of November 12, 2008. The Trust was formed on August 17, 2006 for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Service 1st. Under applicable regulatory guidance, the amount of trust preferred securities that is eligible as Tier 1 capital is limited to 25% of the Company’s Tier 1 capital on a pro forma basis. At December 31, 2015, all of the trust preferred securities that have been issued qualify as Tier 1 capital. The trust preferred securities mature on October 7, 2036, are redeemable at the Company’s option beginning after five years, and require quarterly distributions by the Trust to the holder of the trust preferred securities at a variable interest rate which will adjust quarterly to equal the three month LIBOR plus 1.60%. The Trust used the proceeds from the sale of the trust preferred securities to purchase approximately $5,155,000 in aggregate principal amount of Service 1st’s junior subordinated notes (the Notes). The Notes bear interest at the same variable interest rate during the same quarterly periods as the trust preferred securities. The Notes are redeemable by the Company on any January 7, April 7, July 7, or October 7 on or after October 7, 2012 or at any time within 90 days following the occurrence of certain events, such as: (i) a change in the regulatory capital treatment of the Notes (ii) in the event the Trust is deemed an investment company or (iii) upon the occurrence of certain adverse tax events. In each such case, the Company may redeem the Notes for their aggregate principal amount, plus any accrued but unpaid interest. The Notes may be declared immediately due and payable at the election of the trustee or holders of 25% of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding Notes in the event that the Company defaults in the payment of any interest following the nonpayment of any such interest for 20 or more consecutive quarterly periods. Holders of the trust preferred securities are entitled to a cumulative cash distribution on the liquidation amount of $1,000 per security. For each January 7, April 7, July 7 or October 7 of each year, the rate will be adjusted to equal the three month LIBOR plus 1.60%. As of December 31, 2015, the rate was 1.92%. Interest expense recognized by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 was $99,000, $96,000 and $98,000, respectively. CAPITAL RESOURCES Capital serves as a source of funds and helps protect depositors and shareholders against potential losses. Historically, the primary source of capital for the Company has been internally generated capital through retained earnings. The Company has historically maintained substantial levels of capital. The assessment of capital adequacy is dependent on several factors including asset quality, earnings trends, liquidity and economic conditions. Maintenance of adequate capital levels is integral to providing stability to the Company. The Company needs to maintain substantial levels of regulatory capital to give it maximum flexibility in the changing regulatory environment and to respond to changes in the market and economic conditions. Our shareholders’ equity was $139,323,000 as of December 31, 2015, compared to $131,045,000 as of December 31, 2014. The increase in shareholders’ equity is the result of increase in retained earnings from net income of $10,964,000, exercise of stock options, including the related tax benefit of $66,000, and the effect of share based compensation expense of $238,000, offset by common stock cash dividends of $1,979,000 and a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) of $915,000. During 2015, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company in the amount of $2,260,000 in connection with the cash dividends to the Company’s shareholders approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Bank may not pay any dividend that would cause it to be deemed not ‘‘well capitalized’’ under applicable banking laws and regulations. The Company declared and paid a total of $1,979,000 or $0.18 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2015. During 2014, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company in the amount of $2,350,000 in connection with the cash dividends to the Company’s shareholders approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Bank may not pay any dividend that would cause it to be deemed not ‘‘well capitalized’’ under applicable banking laws and regulations. The Company declared and paid a total of $2,190,000 or $0.20 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2014. During 2013, the Bank declared and paid cash dividends to the Company of $18,000,000, in connection with the VCB acquisition, the Series C Preferred redemption, and cash dividends to the Company’s shareholders approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. The Company declared and paid a total of $2,048,000 or $0.20 per common share cash dividend to shareholders of record during the year ended December 31, 2013. 58 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations CAPITAL RESOURCES (Continued) Management considers capital requirements as part of its strategic planning process. The strategic plan calls for continuing increases in assets and liabilities, and the capital required may therefore be in excess of retained earnings. The ability to obtain capital is dependent upon the capital markets as well as our performance. Management regularly evaluates sources of capital and the timing required to meet its strategic objectives. The assessment of capital adequacy is dependent on several factors including asset quality, earnings trends, liquidity and economic conditions. Maintenance of adequate capital levels is integral to providing stability to the Company. The Company needs to maintain substantial levels of regulatory capital to give it maximum flexibility in the changing regulatory environment and to respond to changes in the market and economic conditions including acquisition opportunities. The Board of Governors, the FDIC and other federal banking agencies have issued risk-based capital adequacy guidelines intended to provide a measure of capital adequacy that reflects the degree of risk associated with a banking organization’s operations for both transactions reported on the balance sheet as assets, and transactions, such as letters of credit and recourse arrangements, which are reported as off-balance-sheet items. Under these guidelines, nominal dollar amounts of assets and credit equivalent amounts of off-balance-sheet items are multiplied by one of several risk adjustment percentages, which range from 0% for assets with low credit risk, such as certain U.S. government securities, to 100% for assets with relatively higher credit risk, such as business loans. A banking organization’s risk-based capital ratios are obtained by dividing its qualifying capital by its total risk-adjusted assets and off-balance-sheet items. The regulators measure risk-adjusted assets and off-balance-sheet items against both total qualifying capital (the sum of Tier 1 capital and limited amounts of Tier 2 capital) and Tier 1 capital. Tier 1 capital consists of common stock, retained earnings, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and minority interests in certain subsidiaries, less most other intangible assets. Tier 2 capital may consist of a limited amount of the allowance for possible loan and lease losses and certain other instruments with some characteristics of equity. The inclusion of elements of Tier 2 capital is subject to certain other requirements and limitations of the federal banking agencies. In December 2010, the internal Basel Committee on Bank Supervision (‘‘Basel Committee’’) released its final framework for strengthening international capital and liquidity regulation, now officially identified as ‘‘Basel III,’’ which, when fully phased-in, would require bank holding companies and their bank subsidiaries to maintain substantially more capital than currently required, with a greater emphasis on common equity. The Basel III capital framework, among other things: • introduces as a new capital measure, Common Equity Tier 1 (‘‘CET1’’), more commonly known in the United States as ‘‘Tier 1 Common,’’ and defines CET1 narrowly by requiring that most adjustments to regulatory capital measures be made to CET1 and not to the other components of capital, and expands the scope of the adjustments as compared to existing regulations; • when fully phased in, requires banks to maintain: (i) a newly adopted international standard, a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% ‘‘capital conservation buffer’’ (which is added to the 4.5% CET1 ratio as that buffer is phased in, effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7%); (ii) an additional ‘‘SIFI buffer’’ for those large institutions deemed to be systemically important, ranging from 1.0% to 2.5%, and up to 3.5% under certain conditions; (iii) a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 6.0% Tier 1 capital ratio as that buffer is phased in, effectively resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5% upon full implementation); (iv) a minimum ratio of Total (that is, Tier 1 plus Tier 2) capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 8.0% total capital ratio as that buffer is phased in, effectively resulting in a minimum total capital ratio of 10.5% upon full implementation); and (v) as a newly adopted international standard, a minimum leverage ratio of 3%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to balance sheet exposures plus certain off-balance sheet exposures (as the average for each quarter of the month-end ratios for the quarter); and • an additional ‘‘countercyclical capital buffer,’’ generally to be imposed when national regulators determine that excess aggregate credit growth becomes associated with a buildup of systemic risk, that would be a CET1 add-on to the capital conservation buffer in the range of 0% to 2.5% when fully implemented. In July 2013, the U.S. banking agencies approved the U.S. version of Basel III. The federal bank regulatory agencies adopted version of Basel III revises the risk-based and leverage capital requirements and the method for calculating risk-weighted assets to make them consistent with Basel III and to meet the requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act. Although many of the rules contained in these final regulations are applicable only to large, internationally active banks, some of them apply on a phased in basis to all banking organizations, including the Company and the Bank. Among other things, the rules establish a new minimum common equity Tier 1 ratio (4.5% of risk-weighted assets), a higher minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital requirement (6.0% of risk-weighted assets) and a minimum non-risk-based leverage ratio (4.00% eliminating a 3.00% exception for higher rated banks). The new additional capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk weighted assets over each of the required capital ratios will be phased in from 2016 to 2019 and must be met to avoid limitations on the ability of the Company and the Bank to pay dividends, repurchase shares or pay discretionary bonuses. The additional ‘‘countercyclical capital buffer’’ is also required for larger and more complex institutions. The new rules assign higher risk weighting to exposures that are more than 90 days past due or are on nonaccrual status and certain commercial real estate facilities that finance the acquisition, development or construction of real property. The rules also change the permitted composition of Tier 1 capital to exclude trust preferred securities, mortgage servicing rights and certain deferred tax assets and include unrealized gains and losses on available for sale debt and equity securities (with a one-time opt out option for Standardized Banks (banks with less than $250 billion of total consolidated assets and less than $10 billion of foreign exposures) which the Company and the Bank intend to exercise). The rules, including alternative requirements for smaller community financial institutions like the Company and the Bank, would be phased in through 2019. The implementation of the Basel III framework commenced on January 1, 2015. A bank that does not achieve and maintain the required capital levels may be issued a capital directive by the FDIC to ensure the maintenance of required capital levels. As discussed above, the Company and the Bank are required to maintain certain levels of capital. 59 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations CAPITAL RESOURCES (Continued) The following table presents the Company’s and the Bank’s Regulatory capital ratios as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Amount Ratio Amount Ratio (Dollars in thousands) $ 105,825 $ 48,950 $ 104,878 8.65% $ 4.00% $ 8.58% $ 95,936 45,894 95,298 $ $ 61,148 48,918 5.00% $ 4.00% $ 57,341 45,873 $ 103,152 $ 34,650 $ 104,878 $ $ 50,017 34,627 13.44% 4.50% 13.67% 6.50% 4.50% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A $ 105,825 $ 46,200 $ 104,878 13.79% $ 6.00% $ 13.67% $ 95,936 28,075 95,298 $ $ 61,560 46,170 8.00% $ 6.00% $ 42,080 28,053 $ 115,466 $ 61,601 $ 114,513 15.04% $ 104,447 56,150 14.93% $ 103,809 8.00% $ $ $ 76,949 61,560 10.00% $ 8.00% $ 70,133 56,106 8.36% 4.00% 8.31% 5.00% 4.00% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 13.67% 4.00% 13.59% 6.00% 4.00% 14.88% 8.00% 14.80% 10.00% 8.00% Tier 1 Leverage Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio Central Valley Community Bancorp and Subsidiary Minimum regulatory requirement Central Valley Community Bank Minimum requirement for ‘‘Well-Capitalized’’ institution Minimum regulatory requirement LIQUIDITY Liquidity management involves our ability to meet cash flow requirements arising from fluctuations in deposit levels and demands of daily operations, which include funding of securities purchases, providing for customers’ credit needs and ongoing repayment of borrowings. Our liquidity is actively managed on a daily basis and reviewed periodically by our management and Director’s Asset/Liability Committees. This process is intended to ensure the maintenance of sufficient funds to meet our needs, including adequate cash flows for off-balance sheet commitments. Our primary sources of liquidity are derived from financing activities which include the acceptance of customer and, to a lesser extent, broker deposits, Federal funds facilities and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco (FHLB). These funding sources are augmented by payments of principal and interest on loans, the routine maturities and pay downs of securities from the securities portfolio, the stability of our core deposits and the ability to sell investment securities. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had unpledged securities totaling $394,296,000 available as a secondary source of liquidity and total cash and cash equivalents of $94,617,000. Cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2015 increased 22.36% compared to December 31, 2014. Primary uses of funds include withdrawal of and interest payments on deposits, origination and purchases of loans, purchases of investment securities, and payment of operating expenses. Due to the negative impact of the slow economic recovery, we have been cautiously managing our asset quality. 60 Consequently, expanding our loan portfolio or finding adequate investments to utilize some of our excess liquidity has been difficult in the current economic environment. As a means of augmenting our liquidity, we have established Federal funds lines with various correspondent banks. At December 31, 2015, our available borrowing capacity includes approximately $40,000,000 in Federal funds lines with our correspondent banks and $308,356,000 in unused FHLB advances. At December 31, 2015, we were not aware of any information that was reasonably likely to have a material effect on our liquidity position. The following table reflects the Company’s credit lines, balances outstanding, and pledged collateral at December 31, 2015 and 2014: Credit Lines (In thousands) Unsecured Credit Lines (interest rate varies with market): Credit limit Balance outstanding Federal Home Loan Bank (interest rate at prevailing interest rate): Credit limit Balance outstanding Collateral pledged Fair value of collateral Federal Reserve Bank (interest rate at prevailing discount interest rate): Credit limit Balance outstanding Collateral pledged Fair value of collateral December 31, 2015 2014 $ 40,000 $ 40,000 - - $ $ $308,356 $290,851 $ - - $ $215,223 $183,036 $215,307 $183,171 $ $ $ $ 2,328 $ - $ 2,578 $ 2,598 $ 2,441 - 2,729 2,757 The liquidity of our parent company, Central Valley Community Bancorp, is primarily dependent on the payment of cash dividends by its subsidiary, Central Valley Community Bank, subject to limitations imposed by regulations. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ITEMS In the normal course of business, the Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Such financial instruments are recorded in the financial statements when they are funded or related fees are incurred or received. The balance of commitments to extend credit on undisbursed construction and other loans and letters of credit was $217,166,000 as of December 31, 2015 compared to $214,131,000 as of December 31, 2014. For a more detailed discussion of these financial instruments, see Note 13 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report. In the ordinary course of business, the Company is party to various operating leases. For a more detailed discussion of these financial instruments, see Note 13 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has issued disclosure guidance for ‘‘critical accounting policies.’’ The SEC defines ‘‘critical accounting policies’’ as those that require application of management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in future periods. Our accounting policies are integral to understanding the results reported. Our significant accounting policies are described in detail in Note 1 in the audited Consolidated Financial Statements. Not all of the significant accounting policies presented in Note 1 of the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report require management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments or estimates. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Use of Estimates The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates the estimates used. Estimates are based upon historical experience, current economic conditions and other factors that management considers reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates result in judgments regarding the carrying values of assets and liabilities when these values are not readily available from other sources, as well as assessing and identifying the accounting treatments of contingencies and commitments. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions. Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP). We follow accounting policies typical to the commercial banking industry and in compliance with various regulation and guidelines as established by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), and the Bank’s primary federal regulator, the FDIC. The following is a brief description of our current accounting policies involving significant management judgments. Allowance for Credit Losses Our most significant management accounting estimate is the appropriate level for the allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is an estimate of probable incurred credit losses in the Company’s loan portfolio. The adequacy of the allowance is monitored on an on-going basis and is based on our management’s evaluation of numerous factors. These factors include the quality of the current loan portfolio, the trend in the loan portfolio’s risk ratings, current economic conditions, loan concentrations, loan growth rates, past-due and nonperforming trends, evaluation of specific loss estimates for all significant problem loans, historical charge-off and recovery experience and other pertinent information. See Note 1 to the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report for more detail regarding our allowance for credit losses. The calculation of the allowance for credit losses is by nature inexact, as the allowance represents our management’s best estimate of the probable losses inherent in our credit portfolios at the reporting date. These credit losses will occur in the future, and as such cannot be determined with absolute certainty at the reporting date. Impairment of Investment Securities Investment securities are impaired when the amortized cost exceeds fair value. Investment securities are evaluated for impairment on at least a quarterly basis and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation to determine whether a decline in their value is other than temporary. Management utilizes criteria such as the magnitude and duration of the decline and the intent and ability of the Company to retain its investment in the securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for an anticipated recovery in fair value, in addition to the reasons underlying the decline, to determine whether the loss in value is other than temporary. The term ‘‘other than temporary’’ is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospect for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary and we do not intend to sell the security or it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the security before recovery, only the portion of the impairment loss representing credit exposure is recognized as a charge to earnings, with the balance recognized as a charge to other comprehensive income. If management intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovering its forecasted cost, the entire impairment loss is recognized as a charge to earnings. Goodwill Business combinations involving the Company’s acquisition of the equity interests or net assets of another enterprise or the assumption of net liabilities in an acquisition of branches constituting a business may give rise to goodwill. Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net of the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in transactions accounted for under the purchase method of accounting. The value of goodwill is ultimately derived from the Company’s ability to generate net earnings after the acquisition. A decline in net earnings could be indicative of a decline in the fair value of goodwill and result in impairment. For that reason, goodwill is assessed for impairment at a reporting unit level at least annually or more often if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the Company below its carrying amount. While the Company believes all assumptions utilized in its assessment of goodwill for impairment are reasonable and appropriate, changes could cause the Company to record impairment in the future. Accounting for Income Taxes The Company files its income taxes on a consolidated basis with its subsidiary. The allocation of income tax expense (benefit) represents each entity’s proportionate share of the consolidated provision for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. On the balance sheet, net deferred tax assets are included in accrued interest receivable and other assets. The determination of the amount of deferred income tax assets which are more likely than not to be realized is primarily dependent on projections of future earnings, which are subject to uncertainty and estimates that may change given economic conditions and other factors. The realization of deferred income tax assets is assessed and a valuation allowance is recorded if is ‘‘more likely than not’’ that all or a portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. ‘‘More likely than not’’ is defined as greater than a 50% chance. All available evidence, both positive and negative is considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance is needed. Only tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are recognized. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. Interest expense and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits are classified as income tax expense in the consolidated statement of income. INFLATION The impact of inflation on a financial institution differs significantly from that exerted on other industries primarily because the assets and liabilities of financial institutions consist largely of monetary items. However, financial institutions are affected by inflation in part through non-interest expenses, such as salaries and occupancy expenses, and to some extent by changes in interest rates. At December 31, 2015, we do not believe that inflation will have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, if inflation concerns cause short term rates to rise in the near future, we may benefit by immediate repricing of a portion of our loan portfolio. Refer to Market Risk section for further discussion. 61 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Interest rate risk (IRR) and credit risk constitute the two greatest sources of financial exposure for insured financial institutions that operate like we do. IRR represents the impact that changes in absolute and relative levels of market interest rates may have upon our net interest income (NII). Changes in the NII are the result of changes in the net interest spread between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (timing risk), the relationship between various rates (basis risk), and changes in the shape of the yield curve. We realize income principally from the differential or spread between the interest earned on loans, investments, other interest-earning assets and the interest incurred on deposits and borrowings. The volumes and yields on loans, deposits and borrowings are affected by market interest rates. As of December 31, 2015, 78.87% of our loan portfolio was tied to adjustable-rate indices. The majority of our adjustable rate loans are tied to prime and reprice within 90 days. However, in the current low rate environment, several of our loans, tied to prime, are at their floors and will not reprice until prime plus the factor is greater than the floor. The majority of our time deposits have a fixed rate of interest. As of December 31, 2015, 77.77% of our time deposits matures within one year or less. Changes in the market level of interest rates directly and immediately affect our interest spread, and therefore profitability. Sharp and significant changes to market rates can cause the interest spread to shrink or expand significantly in the near term, principally because of the timing differences between the adjustable rate loans and the maturities (and therefore repricing) of the deposits and borrowings. the level of interest income and interest expense recorded on a large portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities, and the market value of all interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, other than those which possess a short term to maturity. Virtually all of the Company’s interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities are located at the Bank level. Thus, virtually all of the Company’s interest rate risk exposure lies at the Bank level other than $5.2 million in subordinated debentures issued by the Company’s subsidiary Service 1st Capital Trust I. As a result, all significant interest rate risk procedures are performed at the Bank level. The fundamental objective of the Company’s management of its assets and liabilities is to maximize the Company’s economic value while maintaining adequate liquidity and an exposure to interest rate risk deemed by management to be acceptable. Management believes an acceptable degree of exposure to interest rate risk results from the management of assets and liabilities through maturities, pricing and mix to attempt to neutralize the potential impact of changes in market interest rates. The Company’s profitability is dependent to a large extent upon its net interest income, which is the difference between its interest income on interest earning assets, such as loans and investments, and its interest expense on interest bearing liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings. The Company is subject to interest rate risk to the degree that its interest earning assets re-price differently than its interest bearing liabilities. The Company manages its mix of assets and liabilities with the goals of limiting its exposure to interest rate risk, ensuring adequate liquidity, and coordinating its sources and uses of funds. Our management and Board of Directors’ Asset/Liability Committees (ALCO) The Company seeks to control interest rate risk exposure in a manner that will are responsible for managing our assets and liabilities in a manner that balances profitability, IRR and various other risks including liquidity. The ALCO operates under policies and within risk limits prescribed, reviewed, and approved by the Board of Directors. The ALCO seeks to stabilize our NII by matching rate-sensitive assets and liabilities through maintaining the maturity and repricing of these assets and liabilities at appropriate levels given the interest rate environment. When the amount of rate-sensitive liabilities exceeds rate-sensitive assets within specified time periods, NII generally will be negatively impacted by an increasing interest rate environment and positively impacted by a decreasing interest rate environment. Conversely, when the amount of rate-sensitive assets exceeds the amount of rate-sensitive liabilities within specified time periods, net interest income will generally be positively impacted by an increasing interest rate environment and negatively impacted by a decreasing interest rate environment. In recent years, we have shifted our mix of assets from consisting primarily of loans to a current mix that is approximately half loans and half securities, none of which are held for trading purposes. The value of these securities is subject to interest rate risk, which we must monitor and manage successfully in order to prevent declines in value of these assets if interest rates rise in the future. The speed and velocity of the repricing of assets and liabilities will also contribute to the effects on our NII, as will the presence or absence of periodic and lifetime interest rate caps and floors. Simulation of earnings is the primary tool used to measure the sensitivity of earnings to interest rate changes. Earnings simulations are produced using a software model that is based on actual cash flows and repricing characteristics for all of our financial instruments and incorporates market-based assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on current volumes of applicable financial instruments. Interest rate simulations provide us with an estimate of both the dollar amount and percentage change in NII under various rate scenarios. All assets and liabilities are normally subjected to up to 400 basis point increases and decreases in interest rates in 100 basis point increments. Under each interest rate scenario, we project our net interest income. From these results, we can then develop alternatives in dealing with the tolerance thresholds. The assets and liabilities of a financial institution are primarily monetary in nature. As such they represent obligations to pay or receive fixed and determinable amounts of money that are not affected by future changes in prices. Generally, the impact of inflation on a financial institution is reflected by fluctuations in interest rates, the ability of customers to repay their obligations and upward pressure on operating expenses. Although inflationary pressures are not considered to be of any particular hindrance in the current economic environment, they may have an impact on the company’s future earnings in the event those pressures become more prevalent. As a financial institution, the Company’s primary component of market risk is interest rate volatility. Fluctuations in interest rates will ultimately impact both 62 allow for adequate levels of earnings and capital over a range of possible interest rate environments. The Company has adopted formal policies and practices to monitor and manage interest rate risk exposure. Management believes historically it has effectively managed the effect of changes in interest rates on its operating results and believes that it can continue to manage the short-term effects of interest rate changes under various interest rate scenarios. Management employs asset and liability management software to measure the Company’s exposure to future changes in interest rates. The software measures the expected cash flows and re-pricing of each financial asset/liability separately in measuring the Company’s interest rate sensitivity. Based on the results of the software’s output, management believes the Company’s balance sheet is evenly matched over the short term and slightly asset sensitive over the longer term as of December 31, 2015. This means that the Company would expect (all other things being equal) to experience a limited change in its net interest income if rates rise or fall. The level of potential or expected change indicated by the tables below is considered acceptable by management and is compliant with the Company’s ALCO policies. Management will continue to perform this analysis each quarter. The hypothetical impacts of sudden interest rate movements applied to the Company’s asset and liability balances are modeled quarterly. The results of these models indicate how much of the Company’s net interest income is ‘‘at risk’’ from various rate changes over a one year horizon. This exercise is valuable in identifying risk exposures. Management believes the results for the Company’s December 31, 2015 balances indicate that the net interest income at risk over a one year time horizon for a 100 basis points (‘‘bps’’), 200 bps, 300 bps, and 400 bps rate increase and a 100 bps decrease is acceptable to management and within policy guidelines at this time. Given the low interest rate environment, 200 bps, 300 bps, and 400 bps decreases are not considered a realistic possibility and are therefore not modeled. The results in the table below indicate the change in net interest income the Company would expect to see as of December 31, 2015, if interest rates were to change in the amounts set forth: Sensitivity Analysis of Impact of Rate Changes on Interest Income $ Change from % Change from Hypothetical Change in Rates (Dollars in thousands) Up 400 bps Up 300 bps Up 200 bps Up 100 bps Unchanged Down 100 bps Rates at Projected Net December 31, December 31, 2015 Interest Income Rates at 2015 $ 46,532 $ 45,429 44,323 43,233 42,204 40,844 4,328 3,225 2,119 1,029 - (1,360) 10.25% 7.64% 5.02% 2.44% - (3.22)% Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk It is important to note that the above table is a summary of several forecasts and actual results may vary from any of the forecasted amounts and such difference may be material and adverse. The forecasts are based on estimates and assumptions made by management, and that may turn out to be different, and may change over time. Factors affecting these estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to: 1) competitor behavior, 2) economic conditions both locally and nationally, 3) actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board, 4) customer behavior and 5) management’s responses to each of the foregoing. Factors that vary significantly from the assumptions and estimates may have material and adverse effects on the Company’s net interest income; therefore, the results of this analysis should not be relied upon as indicative of actual future results. The following table shows management’s estimates of how the loan portfolio is segregated between variable-daily, variable other than daily and fixed rate loans, and estimates of re-pricing opportunities for the entire loan portfolio at December 31, 2015 and 2014: Rate Type (Dollars in thousands) Variable rate Fixed rate December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Balance Percent of Total Balance Percent of Total $ 471,757 126,354 78.87% $ 455,735 21.13% 116,853 79.59% 20.41% Total gross loans $ 598,111 100.00% $ 572,588 100.00% Approximately 78.87% of our loan portfolio is tied to adjustable rate indices and 38.67% of our loan portfolio reprices within 90 days. As of December 31, 2015, we had 1,453 commercial and real estate loans totaling $348,180,000 with floors ranging from 3.25% to 7.50% and ceilings ranging from 7.00% to 30.00%. The following table shows the repricing categories of the Company’s loan portfolio at December 31, 2015 and 2014: Repricing (Dollars in thousands) < 1 Year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years > 5 Years December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Balance $ 250,705 124,385 139,417 83,604 Percent of Total Balance Percent of Total 41.91% $ 253,221 20.80% 115,022 23.31% 120,065 84,280 13.98% 44.22% 20.09% 20.97% 14.72% Total gross loans $ 598,111 100.00% $ 572,588 100.00% Assumptions are inherently uncertain, and, consequently, the model cannot precisely measure net interest income or precisely predict the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income. Actual results will differ from simulated results due to timing, magnitude and frequency of interest rate changes, as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies which might moderate the negative consequences of interest rate deviations. 63 Stock Price Information The Company’s common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the ticker symbol CVCY. As of March 4, 2016, the Company had approximately 943 shareholders of record. The following table shows the high and low sales prices for the common stock for each quarter as reported by NASDAQ. Quarter Ended March 31, 2014 June 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 December 31, 2014 March 31, 2015 June 30, 2015 September 30, 2015 December 31, 2015 $ $ Sales Prices for the Company’s Common Stock High 11.90 13.90 13.46 11.61 12.16 12.35 12.50 12.50 Low 10.67 10.61 10.63 10.45 9.55 10.25 10.66 10.51 The Company paid $0.18 and $0.20 per year in common share cash dividends in 2015 and 2014 respectively. The Company’s primary source of income with which to pay cash dividends are dividends from the Bank. The Bank would not pay any dividend that would cause it to be deemed not “well capitalized” under applicable banking laws and regulations. See Note 14 in the audited Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report. MARKET MAKERS Inquiries on Central Valley Community Bancorp stock can be made by calling any of the contacts listed below, or any licensed stockbroker. Troy Carlson Keefe Bruyette & Woods (212) 887-8901 Lisa Gallo Wedbush Morgan Securities (866) 491-7228 Richard Levenson Western Financial Corporation (800) 488-5990 Joey Warmenhoven Wedbush Securities (866) 662-0351 John Cavender Raymond James (415) 616-8935 Michael Hedri Fig Partners, LLC (212) 899-5217 Troy Norlander Crowell, Weedon & Co. (800) 288-2811 SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES Inquiries regarding Central Valley Community Bancorp’s accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing concerns should be directed to Steven D. McDonald, chairman of the Board of Directors’ Audit Committee, at steve.mcdonald@cvcb.com, anonymously at www.ethicspoint.com or by calling Ethics Point, Inc. at (866) 294-9588. General inquiries about the Company or the Bank should be directed to Cathy Ponte, Corporate Secretary at (800) 298-1775. 64 Notes 65 W H E R E I N V E S T M E N T I S M E A S U R E D I N C O M M I T M E N T Investing in our communities has always been one of the guiding principles of Central Valley Community Bank. Financially supporting worthwhile projects and organizations is important, but it’s just one of the ways in which we invest. Our teams of local banking professionals also invest time gaining a deep understanding of their marketplace and its people. Not to mention investing our talents helping local organizations succeed, and enabling our communities to grow stronger. While some banks are content to measure their community investment in cash, we prefer to measure ours in commitment. Because the yields are easier to see now, and generations from now. Ag Lenders Society of California Alzheimer’s Association American Bankers Association American Cancer Society American Heart Association American Institute of Certified Public Accountants American Red Cross Armenian Museum of Fresno Boys and Girls Club of Merced County Boys & Girls Club of Tracy Big Creek Elementary School Building Industry Association of Tulare and Kings County Builders Exchange of Merced and Mariposa Business Network International Tracy Business Partners Business Organization of Old Town Clovis California Bankers Association California Chamber of Commerce California Cotton Ginners Association California Financial Crimes Investigators Association California Health Sciences University California Odyssey Soccer Club California State University, Fresno California State University, Fresno – Ag One Foundation California State University, Fresno – Alumni Association California State University, Fresno – Career Development Center California State University, Fresno – Craig School of Business California State University, Fresno – Gazarian Real Estate Center California State University, Fresno – Foundation California State University, Fresno – Maddy Institute Central California Child Development Services Central California Women’s Conference Central California Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Central Sierra Historical Society Central Valley Blue Star Moms Central Valley Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Central Valley Recovery Services Central Valley SCORE Central Valley Senior Coalition Central Valley Sons of Italy Foundation Certified Development Corporation of Tulare County Clovis Chamber of Commerce Clovis Hall Of Fame Clovis Jets Track Club Clovis Rodeo Association Coarsegold Chamber of Commerce Community Food Bank Community Hospitals of Central California 66 Court Appointed Special Advocates of Stanislaus County Delta College Foundation Doug McDonald Scholarship Downtown Visalia Foundation Ducor Union Elementary School District Eastern Madera County Chamber of Commerce East Fresno Kiwanis Club Economic Development Corporation of Fresno County Economic Development Corporation of Tulare County El Dorado Park Community Development Corporation Emergency Food Bank and Family Services Exceptional Parents Unlimited Executives Association of Tulare County Exeter Ag Boosters Exeter By Design Foundation Exeter Chamber of Commerce Exeter Community Service Guild Exeter Community Services & Recreation Exeter Union High School Feed Our Future Fig Garden Swim Team Financial Credit Networks, Inc. Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center Forward Fresno Foundation, Inc. Foundation for Clovis Schools Foundation for Fresno County Public Library Fresno Area Hispanic Chamber of Commerce Fresno Area Hispanic Foundation Fresno Art Museum Fresno Association of REALTORS Fresno Business Council Fresno County Farm Bureau Fresno Flats Historical Village and Park Fresno Metro Black Chamber of Commerce Fresno Rescue Mission Fresno Women’s Trade Club Friends of the Oakhurst Library Golden West Trailblazer Foundation Goldenrod Elementary School Greater Fresno Area Chamber of Commerce Greater Merced Chamber of Commerce Greater Stockton Chamber of Commerce Habitat For Humanity Hands In The Community Helping Our Own Destiny Prevention Program Hinds Hospice Independent Community Bankers of America (CONTINUED) International Association of Lions Clubs Junior League of San Joaquin County Kaweah Delta Health Care District Kerman 4-H Club Kerman Chamber of Commerce Kerman Future Farmers of America Alumni Association Kerman Historical Society Kerman Rotary Club Kerman Senior Advisory Board Kerman Unified Education Foundation Kerman Youth Soccer League Kings County Farm Bureau Kings & Tulare County Continuum of Care on Homelessness Leukemia & Lymphoma Society Central California Chapter Lodi Chamber of Commerce Lodi Police Foundation Lodi-Tokay Rotary Club LOEL Center & Gardens Luso-American Life Insurance Society Mable Barron Elementary School Parent Teacher Student Association Madera Association of REALTORS Madera Community Hospital Foundation Madera County Farm Bureau Madera County Food Bank Madera District Chamber of Commerce Madera National Little League Madera Police Officers Association Make-A-Wish Foundation of Central California Marjaree Mason Center McHenry House Tracy Family Shelter Medical Group Management Association Merced Boosters Club Merced County Chamber of Commerce Merced County Farm Bureau Merced County Food Bank Merced Police Officers Association Modesto Chamber of Commerce Modesto Christian School Modesto Sunrise Rotary National Association of Government Guaranteed Lenders National Association of Real Estate Appraisers National Notary Association Neighborhood Church of Visalia Networking for Women of Tulare County Notre Dame de Namur University Oakdale Educational Foundation Oakhurst Area Chamber of Commerce Our Lady of Perpetual Help School Park of the Sierras Phi Delta Chi Colony Pine Ridge Elementary Boosters Poverello House Professional Women’s Resource Pro-Youth HEART Program Purposed II Praise School of Dance Rancho Cordova Chamber of Commerce Regents of the University of California Rotary Club of Clovis Rotary Club of Fresno Rotary Club of Merced Rotary Club of Sacramento Sacramento Food Bank & Family Services Sacramento Medical Group Management Association San Joaquin County Farm Bureau San Joaquin Dental Society San Joaquin River Parkway Conservation Trust, Inc. San Joaquin Valley Town Hall Second Harvest Food Bank Sequoia Council of the Boy Scouts of America Shaver Lake Lions Club Sierra Club Foundation Sierra High School Future Farmers of America Sierra Lions Club Sierra Oakhurst Kiwanis Club Sierra Women’s Service Club Society for Human Resource Management Soroptimist International of Modesto Soroptimist International of Visalia Southeast Fresno Community Economic Development Association Spirit of Woman of California Spring Valley Elementary School Stagg High School Football Stanislaus County Fair Stanislaus County Farm Bureau Stockton Athletic Hall of Fame Stockton Shelter For The Homeless Stockton Sunrise Rotary Club Stocktonians Taking Action to Neutralize Drugs Affordable Housing The American Legion The Bank CEO Network The Buddhist Church of Stockton The Bulldog Foundation The Clovis Community Foundation The Downtown Fresno Partnership The Exeter Art Gallery and Museum The Merced County Fair The Roman Catholic Diocese of Fresno The Risk Management Association The Salvation Army Toastmasters International Tracy Chamber of Commerce Tracy Sunrise Rotary Traver Joint Elementary District Tree Fresno Tulare County Animal Control Tulare County Cattle Drive Beef Boosters Tulare County Farm Bureau Tulare Golf Course Turning Point Pregnancy Care Center Twilight Haven United Way California Capital Region United Way of Fresno County United Way of Merced County United Way of San Joaquin County United Way of Stanislaus County United Way of Tulare County Univision Contigo Valley Children’s Hospital Alegria Guild Valley Children’s Hospital Foundation Valley Crime Stoppers Valley Preparatory Academy Visalia Breakfast Lions Club Visalia Chamber of Commerce Visalia County Center Rotary Club Visalia Economic Development Corporation Visalia Fox Theatre Visalia Pro Youth Visalia Host Lions Club Visalia Sportsmen’s Association Visalia Sunset Rotary Club Warnors Center West Visalia Kiwanis Club Wish Upon A Star YMCA Camp Sequoia Lake Yosemite Gateway Association of REALTORS 67 Visalia Caldwell 2245 West Caldwell Avenue Visalia, CA 93277 (559) 737-5641 Floral 120 North Floral Street Visalia, CA 93291 (559) 625-8733 Mission Oaks Plaza 5412 Avenida de los Robles Visalia, CA 93291 (559) 730-2851 Business Lending 7100 North Financial Drive, Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 298-1775 (800) 298-1775 Agribusiness 1044 East Herndon Avenue, Suite 106 Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 323-3493 Real Estate 1044 East Herndon Avenue, Suite 106 Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 323-3365 SBA Lending 8375 North Fresno Street Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 323-3384 Kerman 360 South Madera Avenue Kerman, CA 93630 (559) 842-2265 Lodi 1901 West Kettleman Lane, Suite 100 Lodi, CA 95242 (209) 333-5000 Madera 1919 Howard Road Madera, CA 93637 (559) 673-0395 Merced 3337 G Street, Suite B Merced, CA 95340 (209) 725-2820 Modesto 2020 Standiford Avenue, Suite H Modesto, CA 95350 (209) 576-1402 Oakhurst 40004 Highway 41, Suite 101 Oakhurst, CA 93644 (559) 642-2265 Prather 29430 Auberry Road Prather, CA 93651 (559) 855-4100 Sacramento 2339 Gold Meadow Way, Suite 100 Gold River, CA 95670 (916) 859-2550 Stockton 2800 West March Lane, Suite 120 Stockton, CA 95219 (209) 956-7800 Investing In Relationships. www.cvcb.com Customer Service (800) 298-1775 (559) 298-1775 Clovis Clovis Main 600 Pollasky Avenue Clovis, CA 93612 (559) 323-3480 Herndon & Fowler 1795 Herndon Avenue, Suite 101 Clovis, CA 93611 (559) 323-2200 Exeter 300 East Pine Street Exeter, CA 93221 (559) 594-9919 Fresno Fig Garden Village 5180 North Palm Avenue, Suite 105 Fresno, CA 93704 (559) 221-2760 Financial Drive Corporate Office 7100 North Financial Drive, Suite 101 Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 298-1775 (800) 298-1775 Fresno Downtown 2404 Tulare Street Fresno, CA 93721 (559) 268-6806 River Park 8375 North Fresno Street Fresno, CA 93720 (559) 447-3350 Tracy 60 West 10th Street Tracy, CA 95376 (209) 830-6995 68 Investing In Relationships. 

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