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Citizens Financial Group

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FY2023 Annual Report · Citizens Financial Group
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K 

 ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended
December 31, 2023 
 ☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period From
(Not Applicable)
Commission File Number 001-36636 

(Exact name of the registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware

(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

05-0412693

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

       One Citizens Plaza, Providence, RI 02903 

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(203) 900-6715 

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, $0.01 par value per share

Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of 6.350% 
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D

Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of 5.000% 
Fixed-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series E

CFG

CFG PrD

CFG PrE

New York Stock Exchange

New York Stock Exchange

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  ☑ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  ☐ Yes ☑ No 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the 
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the 
past 90 days.  ☑ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation 
S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   ☑ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging 
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of 
the Exchange Act:

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

☑

☐

Accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

☐

☐

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised 
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over 
financial  reporting  under  Section  404(b)  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  (15  U.S.C.  7262(b))  by  the  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  prepared  or  issued  its  audit 
report.  ☑

If  securities  are  registered  pursuant  to  Section  12(b)  of  the  Act,  indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  financial  statements  of  the  registrant  included  in  the  filing 
reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any 
of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).  ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     ☐ Yes ☑ No

 
The  aggregate  market  value  of  voting  stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  registrant  was  $12,304,245,801  (based  on  the  June  30,  2023  closing  price  of  Citizens 
Financial  Group,  Inc.  common  shares  of  $26.08  as  reported  on  the  New  York  Stock  Exchange).  There  were  458,756,723  shares  of  the  registrant’s  common  stock 
($0.01 par value) outstanding on February 1, 2024.

Documents incorporated by reference

Portions  of  Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.’s  proxy  statement  to  be  filed  with  the  United  States  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  in  connection  with  Citizens 
Financial Group, Inc.’s 2024 annual meeting of stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof. Such Proxy Statement will be 
filed within 120 days of Citizens Financial Group, Inc.’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

Table of Contents

Glossary of Acronyms and Terms  ...............................................................................................................................................
Forward-looking Statements    .......................................................................................................................................................

Part I.

Item 1.    Business       ....................................................................................................................................................................
Item 1A.  Risk Factors   ..............................................................................................................................................................
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments  .................................................................................................................................
Item 1C.  Cybersecurity     ..........................................................................................................................................................
Item 2.    Properties   .................................................................................................................................................................
Item 3.    Legal Proceedings   ...................................................................................................................................................
Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures .........................................................................................................................................

Part II.

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities     .......................................................................................................................................................................
Item 6.    Reserved     ...................................................................................................................................................................
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   ..................
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk    ......................................................................
Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  ..............................................................................................

Consolidated Balance Sheets    .................................................................................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Operations  ..............................................................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income  .......................................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity     ......................................................................
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows  ..............................................................................................................
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements    .....................................................................................................
Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     ...............
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures     ......................................................................................................................................
Item 9B.  Other Information   ..................................................................................................................................................
Item 9C.  Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections     ......................................................

Part III.

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance    ...........................................................................
Item 11.  Executive Compensation    ......................................................................................................................................
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters.........................................................................................................................................................................................
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence  .......................................
Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services   ...........................................................................................................

Part IV.

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules   ...................................................................................................
Item 16.  Form 10-K Summary     ..............................................................................................................................................

Signatures    ........................................................................................................................................................................................

Page
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5

6
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33
34
34
34

34
36
37
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78

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154

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154

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159

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Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 1

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS AND TERMS

The following is a list of common acronyms and terms used regularly in our financial reporting:

AACL
ACL

AFS

ALLL

ALM

AOCI

ASU

ATM

Adjusted Allowance for Credit Losses
Allowance for Credit Losses: Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses plus 
Allowance for Unfunded Lending Commitments
Available for Sale

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

Asset and Liability Management

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accounting Standards Update

Automated Teller Machine

Bank Holding Company Act 
BHC
Board or Board of Directors

The Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 
Bank Holding Company
The Board of Directors of Citizens Financial Group, Inc.

bps

Basis Points

Capital Plan Rule

Federal Reserve Regulation Y Capital Plan Rule

CBNA

CCAR

CCB

CECL

CET1

CEO

Citizens Bank, National Association

Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review

Capital Conservation Buffer

Current Expected Credit Losses (ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit 
Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments)

Common Equity Tier 1

Chief Executive Officer

CET1 capital ratio

Common Equity Tier 1 capital divided by total risk-weighted assets as defined 
under the U.S. Basel III Standardized approach

CFPB

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

Citizens, CFG, the 
Company, we, us, or our
CLTV

CMO

COVID

CRA

CRE

DE&I

DIF

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. and its Subsidiaries 

Combined Loan-to-Value

Collateralized Mortgage Obligation

Coronavirus Disease

Community Reinvestment Act

Commercial Real Estate

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

Deposit Insurance Fund

Dodd-Frank Act

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010

EAD

EEO-1 report

EPS

ESG

ESPP
EVE

Exposure at Default

Mandatory report on workforce demographics submitted annually to the U.S. 
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission  
Earnings Per Share

Environmental, Social, and Governance 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Economic Value of Equity

Exchange Act

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

Fannie Mae (FNMA)

Federal National Mortgage Association

FASB
FCA

Financial Accounting Standards Board
Financial Conduct Authority

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 2

 
FDIA

FDIC

Federal Deposit Insurance Act

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

FDM
Federal Banking Regulators

FFIEC

FHA

FHC

FHLB

FICO

FINRA

Financially Distressed Modification
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Federal Deposit Insurance 
Corporation and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council

Federal Housing Administration

Financial Holding Company

Federal Home Loan Bank

Fair Isaac Corporation (credit rating)

Financial Industry Regulation Authority

FRB or Federal Reserve

Freddie Mac (FHLMC)

Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and, as applicable, Federal 
Reserve Bank(s)
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

FTE

FTP

GAAP

GDP

GLBA

Fully Taxable Equivalent

Funds Transfer Pricing

Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America

Gross Domestic Product

Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999

Ginnie Mae (GNMA)

Government National Mortgage Association

GSE

HSBC

Government Sponsored Entity

HSBC Bank U.S.A., N.A.

HSBC transaction
HTM

Acquisition of HSBC East Coast branches and national online deposit business
Held To Maturity

IDI

Investors

IPO

JMP

Last-of-Layer

LHFS

LGD

LIBOR

LIHTC

LTV

M&A
MD&A

Mid-Atlantic 

Midwest

Modified AACL transition

Modified CECL transition

MSRs

New England

NM

NMTC

Insured Depository Institution

Investors Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries

Initial Public Offering of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. in 2014
JMP Group LLC

Last-of-layer  is  a  fair  value  hedge  of  the  interest  rate  risk  of  a  portfolio  of 
similar prepayable assets whereby the last dollar amount within the portfolio of 
assets is identified as the hedged item

Loans Held for Sale

Loss Given Default
London Interbank Offered Rate

Low Income Housing Tax Credit

Loan to Value

Merger and Acquisition
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations
District of Columbia, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, 
Virginia, and West Virginia 
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio

The Day-1 CECL adoption entry booked to ACL plus 25% of subsequent CECL ACL 
reserve build
The Day-1 CECL adoption entry booked to retained earnings plus 25% of 
subsequent CECL ACL reserve build
Mortgage Servicing Rights

Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont 

Not meaningful

New Markets Tax Credit

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 3

NSFR

OCC

OCI

OFAC

Operating Leverage

OTC

Parent Company

PCD

PD

peers or peer regional 
banks
PPP
REIT

Net Stable Funding Ratio

Office of the Comptroller of the Currency

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

U.S. Treasury Department Office of Foreign Assets Control

Period-over-period percent change in total revenue, less the period-over-period 
percent change in noninterest expense

Over the Counter
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. (the Parent Company of Citizens Bank, National 
Association and other subsidiaries)

Purchased Credit Deteriorated

Probability of Default
Comerica, Fifth Third, Huntington, KeyCorp, M&T, PNC, Regions, Truist and U.S. 
Bancorp
The U.S. Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program
Real estate investment trust

ROTCE

RPA

RWA

SBA

SCB

SEC

SOFR

SVaR

TBAs

TDR

Return on Average Tangible Common Equity

Risk Participation Agreement

Risk-Weighted Assets

United States Small Business Administration

Stress Capital Buffer

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

Secured Overnight Financing Rate

Stressed Value at Risk

To-Be-Announced Mortgage Securities

Troubled Debt Restructuring

Tier 1 capital ratio

Tier 1 leverage ratio

TOP
Total capital ratio

USDA

VA

VaR

VIE

Tier 1 capital, which includes Common Equity Tier 1 capital plus non-cumulative 
perpetual preferred equity that qualifies as additional tier 1 capital, divided by 
total risk-weighted assets as defined under the U.S. Basel III Standardized 
approach
Tier 1 capital, which includes Common Equity Tier 1 capital plus non-cumulative 
perpetual preferred equity that qualifies as additional tier 1 capital, divided by 
quarterly adjusted average assets as defined under the U.S. Basel III 
Standardized approach
Tapping Our Potential
Total capital, which includes Common Equity Tier 1 capital, tier 1 capital and 
allowance for credit losses and qualifying subordinated debt that qualifies as 
tier 2 capital, divided by total risk-weighted assets as defined under the U.S. 
Basel III Standardized approach
United States Department of Agriculture

United States Department of Veterans Affairs

Value at Risk

Variable Interest Entity

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 4

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This  document  contains  forward-looking  statements  within  the  meaning  of  the  Private  Securities 
Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  Any  statement  that  does  not  describe  historical  or  current  facts  is  a  forward-
looking statement. These statements often include the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” 
“intends,”  “plans,”  “goals,”  “targets,”  “initiatives,”  “potentially,”  “probably,”  “projects,”  “outlook,” 
“guidance”  or  similar  expressions  or  future  conditional  verbs  such  as  “may,”  “will,”  “should,”  “would,”  and 
“could.”

Forward-looking statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of management, and on 
information  currently  available  to  management.  Our  statements  speak  as  of  the  date  hereof,  and  we  do  not 
assume any obligation to update these statements or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from 
those  contained  in  such  statements  in  light  of  new  information  or  future  events.  We  caution  you,  therefore, 
against  relying  on  any  of  these  forward-looking  statements.  They  are  neither  statements  of  historical  fact  nor 
guarantees  or  assurances  of  future  performance.  While  there  is  no  assurance  that  any  list  of  risks  and 
uncertainties  or  risk  factors  is  complete,  important  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially 
from those in the forward-looking statements include the following, without limitation: 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Negative  economic,  business  and  political  conditions,  including  as  a  result  of  the  interest  rate 
environment, supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures and labor shortages, that adversely 
affect the general economy, housing prices, the job market, consumer confidence and spending 
habits; 

The  general  state  of  the  economy  and  employment,  as  well  as  general  business  and  economic 
conditions, and changes in the competitive environment; 

Our  capital  and  liquidity  requirements  under  regulatory  standards  and  our  ability  to  generate 
capital and liquidity on favorable terms;

The  effect  of  changes  in  our  credit  ratings  on  our  cost  of  funding,  access  to  capital  markets, 
ability to market our securities, and overall liquidity position;

The effect of changes in the level of commercial and consumer deposits on our funding costs and 
net interest margin;

Our  ability  to  implement  our  business  strategy,  including  the  cost  savings  and  efficiency 
components, and achieve our financial performance goals, including the anticipated benefits of 
the Private Bank start-up investment and Investors acquisition;

The  effects  of  geopolitical  instability,  including  the  wars  in  Ukraine  and  the  Middle  East,  on 
economic  and  market  conditions,  inflationary  pressures  and  the  interest  rate  environment, 
commodity price and foreign exchange rate volatility, and heightened cybersecurity risks;

Our ability to comply with heightened supervisory requirements and expectations; 

Liabilities and business restrictions resulting from litigation and regulatory investigations; 

The effect of changes in interest rates on our net interest income, net interest margin and our 
mortgage originations, mortgage servicing rights and mortgages held for sale; 

Changes in interest rates and market liquidity, as well as the magnitude of such changes, which 
may  reduce  interest  margins,  impact  funding  sources  and  affect  the  ability  to  originate  and 
distribute financial products in the primary and secondary markets; 

Financial services reform and other current, pending or future legislation or regulation that could 
have a negative effect on our revenue and businesses; 

Environmental  risks,  such  as  physical  or  transition  risks  associated  with  climate  change,  and 
social and governance risks, that could adversely affect our reputation, operations, business, and 
customers;

A failure in or breach of our compliance with laws, as well as operational or security systems or 
infrastructure, or those of our third-party vendors or other service providers, including as a result 
of cyber-attacks; and

Management’s ability to identify and manage these and other risks. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 5

In  addition  to  the  above  factors,  we  also  caution  that  the  actual  amounts  and  timing  of  any  future 
common  stock  dividends  or  share  repurchases  will  be  subject  to  various  factors,  including  our  capital  position, 
financial performance, capital impacts of strategic initiatives, market conditions, and regulatory considerations, 
as  well  as  any  other  factors  that  our  Board  of  Directors  deems  relevant  in  making  such  a  determination. 
Therefore, there can be no assurance that we will repurchase shares from or pay any dividends to holders of our 
common stock, or as to the amount of any such repurchases or dividends.

More information about factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described 

in the forward-looking statements can be found under Item 1A “Risk Factors.”

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

PART I

Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  is  headquartered  in  Providence,  Rhode  Island.  We  offer  a  broad  range  of 
retail and commercial banking products and services to individuals, small businesses, middle-market companies, 
large corporations and institutions. Our products and services are offered through more than 1,100 branches in 14 
states  and  the  District  of  Columbia  and  105  retail  and  commercial  non-branch  offices,  though  certain  lines  of 
business serve national markets. At December 31, 2023, we had total assets of $222.0 billion, total deposits of 
$177.3 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $24.3 billion. 

We  are  a  BHC  incorporated  under  Delaware  state  law  in  1984  and  our  primary  federal  regulator  is  the 

FRB. CBNA is our banking subsidiary, whose primary federal regulator is the OCC.

Business Segments 

We  manage  our  business  through  two  primary  business  segments:  Consumer  Banking  and  Commercial 
Banking. Our activities outside these segments are classified as Non-Core or Other. Non-Core includes our indirect 
auto  and  certain  purchased  consumer  loan  portfolios  that  we  discontinued  the  origination  of  as  part  of  our 
recently  announced  balance  sheet  optimization  strategy.  Other  includes  treasury  activities,  wholesale  funding, 
the  securities  portfolio,  community  development  assets,  and  other  unallocated  assets,  liabilities,  capital, 
revenues,  provision  (benefit)  for  credit  losses  and  expenses,  including  income  tax  expense.  For  additional 
information regarding our business segments see the “Business Operating Segments” section of Item 7 and Note 
26 in Item 8.

Consumer Banking Segment 

Consumer  Banking  serves  consumer  customers  and  small  businesses  with  annual  revenues  of  up  to  $25 
million, with products and services that include deposits, mortgage and home equity lending, credit cards, small 
business  loans,  wealth  management  and  investment  services  largely  across  our  14-state  traditional  banking 
footprint. We also offer education  and  point-of-sale finance loans in addition to select digital deposit products 
nationwide. Citizens Private Bank, launched during 2023, integrates wealth management and banking services to 
serve high net-worth individuals and families, as well as businesses.

Consumer  Banking  operates  a  multi-channel  distribution  network  with  a  workforce  of  approximately 
5,300  branch  colleagues,  approximately  1,100  branches,  including  187  in-store  locations,  and  approximately 
3,200 ATMs. Our network includes approximately 1,100 specialists covering lending, savings and investment needs 
as well as a broad range of small business products and services. We serve customers on a national basis through 
telephone  service  centers  as  well  as  through  our  online  and  mobile  platforms  where  we  offer  customers  the 
convenience  of  depositing  funds,  paying  bills  and  transferring  money  between  accounts  and  from  person  to 
person, as well as a host of other everyday transactions.

Commercial Banking Segment 

Commercial  Banking  primarily  serves  companies  and  institutions  with  annual  revenues  of  $25  million  to 
more than $3.0 billion and strives to be a trusted advisor to our clients and preferred provider for their banking 
needs. We offer a broad complement of financial products and solutions, including lending and leasing, deposit 
and treasury management services, foreign exchange, interest rate and commodity risk management solutions, as 
well  as  syndicated  loans,  corporate  finance,  mergers  and  acquisitions,  and  debt  and  equity  capital  markets 
capabilities.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 6

Commercial  Banking  is  organized  around  client  segments  and  their  banking  needs.  Corporate  Banking, 
Commercial Real Estate, Capital Markets and Advisory, and Treasury Solutions work together to understand client 
needs and provide comprehensive solutions to meet those needs. We acquire new clients through a coordinated 
approach  to  the  market,  leveraging  deep  industry  knowledge  in  specialized  banking  groups  and  a  geographic 
coverage model.

Corporate Banking serves commercial and industrial clients with annual gross revenues of $25 million to 
$500 million, and corporate clients with annual revenues of $500 million to more than $3.0 billion in the United 
States. In several areas, such as Aerospace, Defense and Government Services, Communications, Transportation 
and  Logistics,  Food  and  Restaurants,  Human  Capital  Management,  and  Gaming  we  offer  a  more  dedicated  and 
tailored approach to better meet the unique needs of these client segments. 

Commercial  Real  Estate  provides  customized  debt  capital  solutions  for  middle-market  operators, 
institutional developers, investors, and REITs. Commercial Real Estate provides financing for projects primarily in 
the multi-family, office, industrial, retail, healthcare and hospitality sectors.

Capital  Markets  and  Advisory  serves  clients  through  key  product  groups  including  Corporate  Finance, 
Capital  Markets,  and  Global  Markets.  Corporate  Finance  provides  advisory  services  to  middle-market  and  mid-
corporate clients, including mergers and acquisitions and capital structure advice. The team works closely with 
industry-sector  specialists  within  capital  markets  to  advise  our  clients.  Corporate  Finance  also  provides 
acquisition and follow-on financing for new and recapitalized portfolio companies of key sponsors, with services 
meeting  the  unique  and  time-sensitive  needs  of  private  equity  firms,  management  companies  and  funds,  and 
underwriting  and  portfolio  management  expertise  for  leveraged  transactions  and  relationships.  Capital  Markets 
originates,  structures  and  underwrites  credit  and  equity  facilities  targeting  middle-market,  mid-corporate  and 
private equity sponsors. They focus on offering value-added ideas to optimize their capital structures, including 
advising on and facilitating mergers and acquisitions, valuations, tender offers, financial restructurings, bond and 
equity  underwriting,  asset  sales,  divestitures  and  other  corporate  reorganizations  and  business  combinations. 
Capital Markets also provides sales and trading across loan, fixed income and equity products, as well as other 
brokerage  services  including  equity  research.  Global  Markets  provides  foreign  exchange,  interest  rate  and 
commodities risk management services.

The  Treasury  Solutions  product  group  supports  Commercial  Banking  and  certain  small  business  clients 
with  treasury  management  solutions,  including  domestic  and  international  products  and  services  related  to 
receivables, payables, information reporting and liquidity management, as well as commercial credit cards and 
trade finance.

Business Strategy

Our mission is to help our customers, colleagues and communities reach their potential, and our vision is 
to  become  a  top-performing  bank  distinguished  by  our  customer-centric  culture,  mindset  of  continuous 
improvement, product innovation, and excellent capabilities. We strive to understand customer and client needs, 
so  we  can  tailor  advice  and  solutions  to  help  make  them  more  successful.  Our  business  strategy  is  designed  to 
maximize  the  full  potential  of  our  businesses,  drive  sustainable  growth  and  enhance  profitability.  Our  success 
rests on our ability to distinguish ourselves as follows:

Maintain  a  high-performing,  customer-centric  organization:  We  continually  strive  to  enhance  our 
“customer-first”  culture  by  emphasizing  the  “voice  of  the  customer”  to  deliver  the  best  possible  banking 
experience. We seek to deepen relationships with our customers by offering a full suite of products designed to 
meet  their  unique  needs.  In  addition,  we  are  taking  talent  management  to  the  next  level,  with  a  goal  of 
attracting,  developing  and  retaining  great  people,  while  ensuring  strong  leadership,  teamwork,  and  a  sense  of 
empowerment, accountability and urgency. 

Develop differentiated value propositions to acquire, deepen, and retain core customer segments: Our 
focus is on select customer segments where we believe we are well positioned to compete. In Consumer Banking, 
we  focus  on  serving  mass  affluent  and  affluent  customers,  small  businesses  and  high-net-worth  individuals  and 
families. In 2023, we launched the Private Bank, which seeks to serve high-net-worth individuals and families, as 
well as commercial clients, to integrate our wealth management and banking services. In Commercial Banking, 
we  focus  on  serving  customers  in  the  middle-market,  mid-corporate,  and  select  industry  verticals.  We  have 
integrated the Investors acquisition and HSBC transaction and are focused on improving branch productivity and 
deepening  relationships  with  those  customers.  By  developing  differentiated  and  targeted  value  propositions, 
building  our  fee-based  businesses  and  developing  innovative  product  solutions,  we  believe  we  can  attract  new 
customers, deepen relationships with existing customers and deliver an enhanced customer experience. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 7

Build  excellent  capabilities  designed  to  help  us  stand  out  from  competitors:  We  strive  to  deliver 
seamless, multi-channel experiences that allow customers to interact with us when, where and how they choose. 
We  are  enhancing  capabilities  in  key  areas  including  consumer  lending,  wealth,  capital  markets  and  payments. 
We  are  on  a  multi-year  digital  transformation  journey  across  our  Consumer  and  Commercial  organizations  to 
digitize  end-to-end  customer  experiences  and  transform  our  marketing  to  drive  consumer-direct  acquisition  in 
order  to  satisfy  rapidly  changing  customer  preferences.  We  strive  to  use  advanced  data  analytics  and  artificial 
intelligence for personalization and to provide timely, insight-driven, tailored advice in order to deliver solutions 
to consumer and commercial customers throughout their lifecycles.

Operate with financial discipline and a mindset of continuous improvement to self-fund investments: We 
believe that continued focus on operational efficiency is critical to our future profitability and ability to continue 
to  reinvest  to  drive  future  growth.  We  launched  the  first  Tapping  our  Potential  (“TOP”)  initiative  in  2014  and 
have  launched  additional  programs  in  subsequent  years.  These  programs  are  designed  to  transform  how  we 
operate and to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and competitiveness of our franchise. Our TOP 8 program 
was completed in 2023, and we launched a TOP 9 program to allow us to continue to self-fund investments. 

Prudently grow and optimize our balance sheet: We operate with a strong balance sheet with regard to 
capital and liquidity, coupled with a well-defined and prudent risk appetite. We continue to focus on thoughtfully 
growing our balance sheet by actively managing capital and resource allocations towards relationships-oriented 
growth  to  generate  attractive  risk-adjusted  returns.  Our  goal  is  to  be  good  stewards  of  our  resources  and 
continue to rigorously evaluate our execution.

Modernize our technology and operational models to improve delivery, organizational agility and speed 
to market: We are continuing to modernize our technology environment by strengthening our infrastructure and 
migrating applications to the cloud. We have deployed and scaled an agile operating model to improve our speed-
to-market,  deliver  innovative  products  and  services  and  strengthen  collaboration  across  teams.  We  will  also 
continue to actively incubate new innovative ideas and harness external innovation through FinTech partnerships 
to help deliver differentiated value-added experiences for our customers.

Embed  risk  management  within  our  culture  and  operations:  Given  that  the  quality  of  our  risk 
management  program  directly  affects  our  ability  to  execute  our  strategy,  we  continue  to  work  to  further 
strengthen our risk management culture. Moreover, we are committed to continuously enhancing our processes 
and  talent,  and  to  making  improvements  in  the  platform  including  ongoing  investments  in  risk  technology  and 
frameworks. These actions are designed to support and enhance our risk management capabilities and regulatory 
profile.

Competition 

The  financial  services  industry  is  highly  competitive.  Our  branch  footprint  is  predominantly  in  the  New 
England, Mid-Atlantic and Midwest regions, though certain lines of business serve national markets. Within these 
markets,  we  face  competition  from  community  banks,  super-regional  and  national  financial  institutions,  credit 
unions, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, securities brokerage 
firms,  insurance  companies,  money  market  funds,  hedge  funds  and  private  equity  firms.  Some  of  our  larger 
competitors  may  make  available  to  their  customers  a  broader  array  of  products,  pricing  and  structure 
alternatives while  some smaller competitors may have more liberal lending policies and processes. In addition, 
some of our competitors may not be subject to the same regulatory requirements as we are and, therefore, may 
have  lower  costs  they  can  pass  on  to  customers  in  the  form  of  more  favorable  terms.  Competition  among 
providers  of  financial  products  and  services  continues  to  increase,  with  consumers  having  the  opportunity  to 
select from a growing variety of traditional and nontraditional alternatives. The ability of non-banking financial 
institutions,  including  FinTech  companies,  to  provide  services  previously  limited  to  commercial  banks  has  also 
intensified competition.

In  Consumer  Banking,  the  industry  has  become  increasingly  dependent  on  and  oriented  toward 
technology-driven delivery systems, permitting transactions to be conducted through online and mobile channels. 
In  addition,  technology  has  lowered  barriers  to  entry  and  made  it  possible  for  non-bank  institutions  to  attract 
funds  and  provide  lending  and  other  financial  products  and  services.  The  emergence  of  digital-only  banking 
models has increased and we expect this trend to continue. Given their lower cost structure, these models are 
often,  on  average,  able  to  offer  higher  rates  on  deposit  products  than  retail  banking  institutions  with  a 
traditional  branch  footprint.  The  primary  factors  driving  competition  for  loans  and  deposits  are  interest  rates, 
fees charged, tailored value propositions to different customer segments, customer service levels, convenience, 
including branch locations and hours of operation, and the range of products and services offered. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 8

leasing  companies,  other  non-bank 

In  Commercial  Banking,  we  face  competition  in  all  our  client  segments  from  a  variety  of  industry 
participants  including  traditional  banking  institutions,  particularly  large  regional  banks,  as  well  as  commercial 
including 
finance  companies, 
collateralized loan obligation managers, hedge funds and private equity firms. Some larger competitors, including 
certain national banks that compete in our market area, may offer a broader array of products and, due to their 
asset  size,  may  be  in  a  position  to  hold  more  exposure  on  their  balance  sheet.  We  compete  on  a  number  of 
factors  including  providing  innovative  corporate  finance  solutions,  quality  of  customer  service  and  execution, 
range of products offered, price and reputation.

lenders,  and 

institutional 

investors, 

Human Capital Management

We  believe  that  our  long-term  success  depends  on  our  ability  to  attract,  develop,  and  retain  a  high-
performing  workforce.  Our  goal  is  to  create  an  environment  where  colleagues  can  thrive  personally  and 
professionally  and  can  maximize  their  potential.  As  of  December  31,  2023,  Citizens  had  17,570  full-time 
equivalent  employees,  primarily  across  New  England  and  the  Mid-Atlantic.  Our  Board  of  Directors  and  its 
Compensation  and  Human  Resources  Committee  are  responsible  for  overseeing  our  human  capital  management 
strategy, with senior management providing regular updates to facilitate that oversight.

Leadership, Talent Development, and Talent Acquisition and Mobility

Our  leaders  are  the  catalysts  to  achieve  the  culture  we  want  to  foster.  During  2023,  we  continued 
tailored  leadership  training  and  coaching  for  senior  management  following  the  detailed  talent  assessments 
conducted the prior year. We aim to equip all colleagues with the skills necessary to excel in their current roles 
and to build capabilities that will enable them to be highly valuable contributors in the future. We expanded our 
learning academies as well as badging and bootcamp programs focusing on critical skills such as Innovation, Agile, 
Next Gen Tech, Banking and Credit, and Data & Analytics. Our culture is one of continuous learning, which we 
believe is crucial for colleagues to thrive as part of our organization and to feel a sense of accomplishment and 
purpose.

The  talent  market  remains  competitive,  particularly  in  emerging  skill  areas,  and  we  implemented  a 
strategy  to  fill  critical  gaps  that  utilizes  a  combination  of  external  hiring  in  critical  areas  (e.g.,  technology, 
digital,  cyber,  risk,  marketing,  and  data),  a  strong  internal  mobility  program  made  possible  by  the  expanded 
learning and development offerings provided to colleagues, and reliance on temporary workers for short-term or 
technical projects.

Employee Engagement

As part of our ongoing efforts to develop a high performing workforce and make Citizens a great place to 
work and build a career, we conduct an annual organizational health survey (“OHS”). The results of our survey 
are instrumental in helping management prioritize areas of change that are most important to colleagues. Survey 
results  are  used  to  refine  our  focus,  address  gaps,  and  strengthen  efforts  to  improve  our  organizational 
effectiveness and colleague experience. Between our initial public offering and 2022, we had a 19-point increase 
in our overall survey score and achieved top quartile status within McKinsey’s global benchmarks. In 2023, with 
an eye toward continuing to evolve our strategy and culture, we transitioned to a new OHS tool. In 2023, 87% of 
colleagues participated in the OHS, which is our all-time highest participation rate.

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

We  foster  a  culture  where  all  stakeholders  feel  respected,  valued,  and  heard.  Our  DE&I  strategy  is 
focused on creating an environment of inclusion and belonging, building a more diverse workforce and evaluating 
the effectiveness of our initiatives.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 9

Development  programs  are  designed  to  build  a  strong  pipeline  of  emerging  talent,  including  diverse 
talent, internally, and have been effective in increasing the development of our overall colleague base as well as 
increasing  the  number  of  women  and  people  of  color  in  senior  leader  roles.  We  also  partner  with  external 
organizations  to  offer  additional  resources  for  reskilling  and  upskilling  colleagues,  including  diverse  colleagues. 
We  acknowledge  that  there  are  opportunities  to  further  increase  the  representation  of  women  and  people  of 
color,  particularly  in  leadership  roles,  and  we  continue  to  develop  strong  partnerships  with  business  and 
community organizations to help identify diverse candidates for roles within every segment of our organization. 
In addition, we ensure that interview slates for senior openings include candidates with diverse backgrounds and 
perspectives.  An  internal  dashboard  is  used  to  monitor  our  progress  across  multiple  DE&I  metrics.  Information 
regarding our workforce demographics can be found in our Environmental Social Governance Report and on our 
website, which includes a link to our most recently filed EEO-1 report.

Various resources are used by management to understand what drives a sense of inclusion and belonging 
and to identify what actions will be effective in attracting and retaining diverse colleagues. Analytics are used to 
help prioritize initiatives, including responses to our OHS, which we segment by various colleague populations to 
provide additional insights. In addition, we have seven business resource groups (“BRGs”), which are integral to 
identifying  and  formulating  solutions  to  DE&I  issues  that  are  most  important  to  customers,  colleagues,  and  the 
community.  Our  BRGs  include  Citizens  WIN  (Women’s  Impact  Network),  Citizens  Elev8  (Rising  Professionals), 
Prism  (Multicultural),  Citizens  Pride  (LGBTQ+),  Citizens  Veterans,  and  Citizens  Awake  (Disability  Awareness).  In 
2023, we launched an additional BRG, Caring for Citizens (Caregivers). Each BRG is sponsored by a member of the 
executive team and approximately 3,500 colleagues belonged to at least one BRG as of December 31, 2023. We 
also offer education programs focused on embedding inclusive behaviors in our culture designed for colleagues at 
all levels of leadership.

Health, Well-Being, and Flexibility

We prioritize the health and well-being of our colleagues and their loved ones. Our benefit programs are 
designed to support colleagues’ physical, mental, and financial well-being and we have added several resources 
in  recent  years.  In  an  effort  to  greater  support  each  colleague’s  unique  journey,  we  enhanced  our  partnership 
with  our  BRGs  by  providing  subject  matter  experts  to  share  their  experience  and  expertise  with  all  BRG 
members, as well as increasing awareness of available tools and resources.

In  late  2022,  we  enhanced  our  Parental  Leave  Policy  to  six  weeks  of  paid  time  off  for  all  permanent 
colleagues who become parents; birth mothers are eligible for an additional 10 weeks, for a total of 16 weeks. In 
2023,  we  increased  paid  bereavement  leave,  added  several  mental  health  resources,  and  provided  each 
colleague an extra day of paid time-off to be used as a wellness day. In recognition of the impact of inflation on 
colleagues there were also no increases to colleague premiums, co-pays or deductibles for medical, dental, and 
vision coverage for 2023.

We continue to embrace flexibility and manage our hybrid workforce in a manner that ensures colleagues 
are  working  in  ways  that  best  support  our  customers,  foster  engagement  and  innovation,  and  maintain  our 
company culture.

Fair and Equitable Compensation

We strive to compensate our colleagues fairly based on market data, experience, and performance, and 
we  compare  our  compensation  to  other  companies  in  our  peer  group  as  well  as  others  in  the  financial  services 
industry.

Part  of  our  commitment  to  building  and  fostering  a  diverse,  inclusive,  high-performing  culture  includes 
ensuring our compensation and benefits are fair and competitive for all colleagues. We engage an independent 
third-party  expert  firm  to  conduct  an  annual  pay  equity  analysis,  accounting  for  factors  that  appropriately 
explain differences in pay such as role, performance, and experience. Additional information about this analysis, 
including  our  most  recent  results,  can  be  found  in  our  Environmental  Social  Governance  Report  and  on  our 
website.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 10

Sustainability

Our  efforts  relative  to  ESG  matters  are  aligned  with  the  needs,  interests,  and  expectations  of  our 
stakeholders and are divided into four focus areas: Leading with Robust Corporate Governance, Driving Positive 
Climate Impact, Building the Workforce of the Future, and Fostering Strong Communities. These areas speak to 
the strengths of our company, align with our business priorities, and define how we can have an outsized impact 
on our business, society, and the planet. 

In 2023, we announced a $50 billion Sustainable Finance Target, including $5 billion in green financing, 
by  2030.  As  part  of  this  announcement,  we  committed  to  engage  corporate  clients  in  high-emitting  sectors  on 
climate-related  topics,  beginning  with  a  target  to  engage  100%  of  our  Oil  &  Gas  clients  by  the  end  of  2024.  In 
addition, we  committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2035.

For more details regarding ESG and other corporate responsibility matters, go to our website.

Regulation and Supervision

Our operations are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination under federal and state 
laws  and  regulations.  These  laws  and  regulations  cover  all  aspects  of  our  business,  including  lending  practices, 
deposit  insurance,  customer  privacy  and  cybersecurity,  capital  adequacy  and  planning,  liquidity,  safety  and 
soundness, consumer protection and disclosure, permissible activities and investments, and certain transactions 
with affiliates. These laws and regulations are intended primarily for the protection of customers, depositors, the 
DIF  and  the  banking  system  as  a  whole  and  not  for  the  protection  of  shareholders  or  other  investors.  The 
discussion  below  outlines  the  material  elements  of  selected  laws  and  regulations  applicable  to  us  and  our 
subsidiaries.  Changes  in  applicable  law  or  regulation,  and  in  their  interpretation  and  application  by  regulatory 
agencies  and  other  governmental  authorities,  cannot  be  predicted,  but  may  have  a  material  effect  on  our 
business, financial condition or results of operations.

We are subject to examinations by federal banking regulators, as well as the SEC, FINRA and various state 
insurance and securities regulators. In some cases, regulatory agencies may take supervisory actions that may not 
be publicly disclosed, and such actions may restrict or limit our activities or activities of our subsidiaries. As part 
of our regular examination process, regulators may advise us to operate under various restrictions as a prudential 
matter.  We  have  periodically  received  requests  for  information  from  regulatory  authorities  at  the  federal  and 
state level, including from banking, securities and insurance regulators, state attorneys general, federal agencies 
or  law  enforcement  authorities,  and  other  regulatory  authorities,  concerning  our  business  practices.  Such 
requests are considered incidental to the normal conduct of business. For a further discussion of how regulatory 
actions  may  impact  our  business,  see  Item  1A  “Risk  Factors.”  For  additional  information  regarding  regulatory 
matters, see Note 25 in Item 8.

Overview

We  are  a  BHC  under  the  Bank  Holding  Company  Act  and  have  elected  to  be  treated  as  a  FHC  under 
amendments  to  this  Act  as  effected  by  GLBA.  As  such,  we  are  subject  to  the  supervision,  examination  and 
reporting requirements of the Bank Holding Company Act and the regulations of the FRB, including through the 
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. Under the system of “functional regulation” established under the Bank Holding 
Company Act, the FRB serves as the primary regulator of our consolidated organization. The OCC serves as the 
primary  regulator  for  CBNA,  and  the  SEC  and  FINRA  serve  as  the  primary  regulators  of  our  broker-dealer 
subsidiaries.

The  federal  banking  regulators  have  authority  to  approve  or  disapprove  mergers,  acquisitions, 
consolidations, the establishment of branches and similar corporate actions. These banking regulators also have 
the power to prevent the continuance or development of unsafe or unsound banking practices or other violations 
of  law.  Federal  law  governs  the  activities  in  which  CBNA  engages,  including  the  investments  it  makes  and  the 
aggregate amount of available credit that it may grant to one borrower. Various consumer and compliance laws 
and regulations also affect its operations. The actions the FRB takes to implement monetary policy also affect us.

In  addition,  CBNA  is  subject  to  regulation,  supervision  and  examination  by  the  CFPB  with  respect  to 
consumer protection laws and regulations. The CFPB has broad authority to regulate the offering and provision of 
consumer financial products by depository institutions, such as CBNA, with more than $10 billion in total assets. 
The CFPB may promulgate rules under a variety of consumer financial protection statutes, including the Truth in 
Lending Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and the Real Estate Settlement 
Procedures Act.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 11

Enhanced Prudential Standards and Regulatory Tailoring Rules

As  a  BHC  with  over  $100  billion  in  total  consolidated  assets,  we  are  currently  subject  to  enhanced 
prudential standards and associated capital and liquidity rules (“Tailoring Rules”). The Tailoring Rules assign each 
BHC, including its bank subsidiaries, to one of four categories based on its size and certain risk-based indicators. 
CFG  and  CBNA  are  each  subject  to  Category  IV  standards,  the  least  restrictive  of  the  requirements  under  the 
Tailoring Rules. As discussed in greater detail in “Capital and Stress Testing Requirements” and “Long-Term Debt 
Requirements”, the federal banking regulators proposed sweeping changes to the regulatory capital and liquidity 
rules that would significantly impact the application of those rules to the Company.

Bank and Financial Holding Company Regulation

As  a  FHC,  we  may  engage  in  a  broader  range  of  activities  than  a  BHC  that  is  not  also  a  FHC.  These 
activities  include  securities  underwriting  and  dealing,  insurance  underwriting  and  brokerage,  merchant  banking 
and  other  activities  that  are  determined  by  the  FRB,  in  coordination  with  the  Treasury  Department,  to  be 
“financial  in  nature  or  incidental  thereto”  or  that  the  FRB  determines  unilaterally  to  be  “complementary”  to 
financial  activities.  In  addition,  a  FHC  may  commence  new  permissible  financial  activities  or  acquire  non-bank 
financial companies engaged in such activities, in either case, with after-the-fact notice to the FRB.

To  maintain  FHC  status,  a  BHC  and  all  of  its  depository  institution  subsidiaries  must  remain  “well 
capitalized”  and  “well  managed,”  as  described  below  under  “Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Act.”  If  a  BHC  fails  to 
meet these regulatory standards, the FRB could place limitations on its ability to conduct the broader financial 
activities permissible for FHCs or impose limitations or conditions on the conduct or activities of the BHC or its 
affiliates.  If  the  deficiencies  persisted,  the  FRB  could  order  the  BHC  to  divest  any  subsidiary  bank  or  to  cease 
engaging  in  any  activities  permissible  for  FHCs  that  are  not  permissible  for  BHCs,  or  the  BHC  could  elect  to 
conform  its  non-banking  activities  to  those  permissible  for  a  BHC  that  is  not  also  a  FHC.  In  addition,  the  CRA 
requires U.S. banks to help serve the needs of their communities. If a depository institution subsidiary of a BHC 
were to receive a CRA rating of less than “satisfactory”, the BHC would be prohibited from engaging in certain 
activities or acquisitions (see “Community Reinvestment Act” below).

Federal  and  state  laws  impose  notice  and  approval  requirements  for  mergers  and  acquisitions  of  other 
depository  institutions  or  BHCs.  As  noted  above,  FRB  approval  is  generally  not  required  for  BHCs  to  acquire  a 
company engaged in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to activities that are financial in nature, 
as determined by the FRB. Prior regulatory approval is required, however, before a BHC may acquire or control 
more than 5% of any class of voting shares or substantially all of the assets of a BHC, including a FHC, or a bank. 
In  considering  applications  for  approval  of  acquisitions,  the  banking  regulators  may  take  several  factors  into 
account,  including  the  competitive  effects  of  the  transaction  in  the  relevant  geographic  markets;  the  financial 
and  managerial  resources  and  future  prospects  of  companies  involved  in  the  transaction;  the  effect  of  the 
transaction  on  the  financial  stability  of  the  U.S.  banking  or  financial  system;  the  companies’  compliance  with 
anti-money  laundering  laws  and  regulations;  the  convenience  and  needs  of  the  communities  to  be  served;  and 
the performance record of the IDIs involved in the transaction under the CRA.

Capital and Stress Testing Requirements

We are required to comply with the U.S. Basel III rules, which establish risk-based and leverage capital 
requirements. The risk-based requirements are based on a banking organization’s RWA, which is inclusive of the 
organization’s on- and off-balance sheet exposures. We calculate RWA using the standardized approach and have 
made  the  AOCI  opt-out  election,  permitting  us  to  exclude  components  of  AOCI  from  regulatory  capital.  The 
leverage requirements are based on a banking organization’s average consolidated on-balance sheet assets.

Under the U.S. Basel III rules, the minimum capital ratios are:

•

•

•

•

CET1 capital ratio of 4.5%;

Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.0%;

Total capital ratio of 8.0%; and

Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 12

For  BHCs  with  $100  billion  or  more  in  assets,  such  as  us,  the  FRB’s  capital  rules  impose  an  institution-
specific SCB on top of each of the three minimum risk-based capital ratios listed above. Banking institutions that 
fail to meet the effective minimum ratios including the SCB will be subject to constraints on capital distributions, 
including dividends and share repurchases, and certain discretionary executive compensation. The severity of the 
constraints depends on the amount of the shortfall and the institution’s “eligible retained income”, defined as 
the greater of four quarter trailing net income net of distributions and tax effects not reflected in net income, or 
the average four quarter trailing net income.

On January 1, 2020, we adopted the CECL accounting standard. In reaction to the COVID disruption, on 
September 30, 2020, the federal banking regulators adopted a final rule relative to regulatory capital treatment 
of the ACL under CECL. This rule allowed electing banking organizations to delay the estimated impact of CECL 
on regulatory capital for a two-year period ending December 31, 2021, followed by a three-year transition period 
ending December 31, 2024. The three-year transition period will phase-in the reversal of the aggregate amount 
of the capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay.

As a Category IV firm under the Tailoring Rules, we are subject to biennial supervisory stress testing and 
are exempt from company-run stress testing and related disclosure requirements. The FRB supervises Category IV 
firms  on  an  ongoing  basis,  including  evaluating  the  capital  adequacy  and  capital  planning  processes  of  firms 
during off-cycle years. We are required to develop, maintain and submit an annual capital plan for review and 
approval by our Board of Directors, or one of its committees, as well as FR Y-14 reporting requirements.

On July 27, 2023, the federal banking regulators issued a proposal to implement the Basel Committee on 
Banking  Supervision’s  finalization  of  the  post-crisis  bank  regulatory  capital  reforms.  The  proposal,  commonly 
referred  to  as  Basel  III  “Endgame,”  would  significantly  revise  the  capital  requirements  applicable  to  large 
banking  organizations  with  total  assets  of  $100  billion  or  more,  including  the  Company.  Under  the  proposal, 
Category III and IV firms, including the Company as a Category IV firm, would become subject to the same capital 
treatment regarding the inclusion of AOCI, deductions, and rules for minority interest as Category I and II firms. 
The  proposal  would  also  replace  the  existing  models-based  approaches  for  credit  and  operational  risk,  which 
currently  apply  only  to  Category  I  and  II  firms,  with  two  new  approaches  applicable  to  Category  I  through  IV 
firms.  The  first  would  use  the  existing  standardized  approach  and  a  proposed  revised  market  risk  capital  rule. 
The second would use a new expanded risk-based approach, consisting of new non-models-based approaches for 
credit  risk,  operational  risk  and  credit  valuation  adjustment  risk,  as  well  as  the  proposed  revised  market  risk 
capital rule. The approach resulting in the lower ratio would establish the binding ratio for purposes of satisfying 
regulatory capital requirements and buffers, including the SCB. Category III and IV firms would also be required 
to calculate counterparty credit exposure relating to derivative transactions using the standardized approach for 
counterparty  credit  risk.  Additionally,  Category  IV  firms  would  become  subject  to  the  supplementary  leverage 
ratio  and  the  countercyclical  capital  buffer.  The  Company  estimates  a  pro  forma  CET1  ratio,  adjusted  for  the 
AOCI  opt-out  removal,  of  9.0%  as  of  December  31,  2023.  In  addition,  the  proposal  is  estimated  to  modestly 
increase our RWA on a fully phased-in basis. Under the proposal, the rule would take effect on July 1, 2025, with 
a  three-year  phase-in  of  the  capital  impact  through  June  30,  2028.  Comments  on  the  proposal  were  due  by 
January 16, 2024. We continue to evaluate the full impact of the proposal.

For  more  details  regarding  our  regulatory  capital  and  SCB,  see  the  “Capital  and  Regulatory  Matters” 
section  of  Item  7.  We  are  also  subject  to  the  FRB's  risk-based  capital  requirements  for  market  risk.  See  the 
“Market Risk” section of Item 7 for additional details.

Liquidity Requirements

The  liquidity  coverage  ratio  (“LCR”)  is  designed  to  ensure  that  a  covered  bank  or  BHC  maintains  an 
adequate  level  of  unencumbered  high-quality  liquid  assets  to  cover  expected  net  cash  outflows  over  a  30-day 
time horizon under an acute liquidity stress scenario. The NSFR is designed to promote more medium- and long-
term  funding  of  the  assets  and  activities  of  banking  organizations  over  a  one-year  time  horizon.  Under  the 
Tailoring Rules, Category IV firms with less than $50 billion in weighted short-term wholesale funding, such as us, 
are not subject to any LCR or NSFR requirement.

We  are  subject  to  certain  liquidity  requirements  under  the  Tailoring  Rules  including  liquidity  buffer, 
stress testing, risk management and reporting requirements. In addition, as a Category IV firm, we are required 
to calculate collateral positions monthly, establish a set of liquidity risk limits, and monitor certain elements of 
intraday liquidity risk exposures.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 13

Resolution Planning

Category IV firms such as CFG are no longer required to submit resolution plans under section 165(d) of 
the Dodd-Frank Act. However, CBNA is required to periodically file an IDI resolution plan with the FDIC. This plan 
enables the FDIC, as receiver, to resolve the institution under applicable receivership provisions of the FDIA in a 
manner  that  ensures  that  depositors  receive  access  to  their  insured  deposits  within  one  business  day  of  the 
institution’s  failure,  maximizes  the  net  present  value  return  from  the  sale  or  disposition  of  the  institution’s 
assets and minimizes the amount of any loss to the institution’s creditors. In 2021, the FDIC issued a Statement 
on  Resolution  Plans  for  IDIs  that,  among  other  things,  established  a  three-year  filing  cycle  for  banks  with  $100 
billion or more in total assets, such as CBNA, and provided details regarding the content of the resolution plans 
that filers are required to prepare. CBNA submitted its most recent resolution plan to the FDIC on December 1, 
2022.

On August 29, 2023, the FDIC issued a proposal that would require IDIs with total assets of $100 billion or 
more, including CBNA, to submit a more robust resolution plan biennially that includes a comprehensive strategy 
from the point of failure to liquidation or return of the institution to the private sector. The identified strategy 
must ensure timely access to insured deposits, maximize value from the sale or disposition of assets, minimize 
losses  realized  by  creditors,  and  address  potential  risks  of  adverse  effects  on  U.S.  economic  conditions  or 
financial stability. In addition, the strategy generally expects, but does not require, a default scenario whereby 
the  FDIC,  as  receiver  of  the  failed  institution,  operates  the  institution  under  a  bridge  bank.  The  proposal  also 
enhances  how  the  credibility  of  resolution  plans  will  be  assessed,  expands  expectations  regarding  engagement 
and capabilities testing, and requires IDIs to demonstrate the capability to promptly establish a virtual data room 
in the run-up to or upon failure. The proposal provides that IDIs submit their initial resolution plan no earlier than 
270  days  from  the  effective  date  of  the  amended  rule.  Comments  on  the  proposal  were  due  by  November  30, 
2023. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the proposal on our business.

Long-Term Debt Requirements

On  August  29,  2023,  the  federal  banking  regulators  issued  a  proposal  that  would  require  large  bank 
holding  companies  and  IDIs  with  total  assets  of  $100  billion  or  more,  such  as  CFG  and  CBNA,  to  maintain  a 
minimum amount of long-term debt. The joint agency proposal aims to increase the resolvability and resiliency of 
large  banking  organizations  by  mandating  a  long-term  debt  requirement  to  provide  the  regulatory  agencies 
additional resources to resolve failed banking organizations, foster depositor confidence, and decrease costs to 
the  DIF  in  the  event  of  a  large  banking  organization  failure.  Under  the  proposal,  large  bank  holding  companies 
and IDIs would each be required to maintain a minimum amount of eligible long-term debt equal to the greater of 
6 percent of RWA, 3.5 percent of average total consolidated assets, and 2.5 percent of total leverage exposure 
for  those  banks  subject  to  the  supplementary  leverage  ratio.  The  proposal  also  prohibits  large  banking 
organizations  from  engaging  in  certain  activities  that  could  complicate  their  resolution  and  discourages  them 
from  holding  long-term  debt  issued  by  other  banks  to  reduce  interconnectedness.  The  proposal  provides  for  a 
three-year  transition  period,  with  25  percent  of  the  long-term  debt  requirement  to  be  met  one  year  after  the 
rule is finalized, 50 percent after two years, and 100 percent after three years. Comments on the proposal were 
due by January 16, 2024. We continue to evaluate the full impact of the proposal.

Standards for Safety and Soundness

The  FDIA  requires  the  federal  banking  regulators  to  prescribe  operational  and  managerial  standards  for 
all  IDIs,  including  CBNA.  Regulations  and  interagency  guidelines  adopted  by  these  agencies  set  forth  the  safety 
and  soundness  standards  used  to  identify  and  address  problems  at  IDIs  before  capital  becomes  impaired.  If  an 
agency determines that a bank fails to satisfy any standard, it may require the bank to submit an acceptable plan 
to  achieve  compliance,  consistent  with  deadlines  for  the  submission  and  review  of  such  safety  and  soundness 
compliance  plans.  If,  after  being  notified  to  submit  a  compliance  plan,  an  institution  fails  to  submit  an 
acceptable  compliance  plan  or  fails  in  any  material  respect  to  implement  an  acceptable  compliance  plan,  the 
agency  must  issue  an  order  directing  action  to  correct  the  deficiency  and  may  issue  an  order  directing  other 
types of actions that an undercapitalized institution is subject to under the FDIA as discussed in “Federal Deposit 
Insurance Act” below. If an institution fails to comply with such an order, the agency may seek to enforce such 
order in judicial proceedings and to impose civil money penalties.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 14

Federal Deposit Insurance Act

The FDIA requires, among other things, that federal banking regulators take “prompt corrective action” 
with respect to IDIs that do not meet minimum capital requirements, as described above in “Capital and Stress 
Testing Requirements.” The FDIA sets forth the following five capital categories: “well-capitalized,” “adequately 
capitalized,”  “undercapitalized,”  “significantly  undercapitalized”  and  “critically  undercapitalized.”  An  IDI’s 
capital  category  is  determined  based  on  how  its  capital  levels  compare  with  various  relevant  capital  measures 
and  certain  other  factors  that  are  established  by  regulation.  The  federal  banking  regulators  must  take  certain 
mandatory  supervisory  actions,  and  are  authorized  to  take  other  discretionary  actions,  with  respect  to 
institutions  that  are  undercapitalized,  significantly  undercapitalized  or  critically  undercapitalized,  with  the 
actions becoming more restrictive and punitive the lower the institution’s capital category. Under existing rules, 
an IDI that is not an advanced approaches institution, such as CBNA, is deemed to be “well capitalized” if it has a 
CET1 ratio of at least 6.5%, a tier 1 capital ratio of at least 8%, a total capital ratio of at least 10%, and a tier 1 
leverage ratio of at least 5%.

The FRB’s regulations which are applicable to BHCs, such as the Parent Company, separately define “well 
capitalized”as having a tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6% and a total capital ratio of at least 10%. As described 
above  under  “Bank  and  Financial  Holding  Company  Regulation”,  a  FHC  that  is  not  well  capitalized  and  well 
managed  (or  whose  bank  subsidiaries  are  not  well  capitalized  and  well  managed)  under  applicable  prompt 
corrective action standards may be restricted in certain of its activities and ultimately may lose FHC status. As of 
December 31, 2023, both the Parent Company and CBNA were well-capitalized. 

The  FDIA  prohibits  insured  banks  from  accepting  brokered  deposits  or  offering  interest  rates  on  any 
deposits significantly higher than the prevailing rate in the bank’s normal market area or nationally, depending 
upon  where  the  deposits  are  solicited,  unless  it  is  “well-capitalized,”  or  it  is  “adequately  capitalized”  and 
receives a waiver from the FDIC. A bank that is “adequately capitalized” and accepts brokered deposits under a 
waiver  from  the  FDIC  may  not  pay  an  interest  rate  on  any  deposit  in  excess  of  75  basis  points  over  certain 
prevailing market rates. The FDIA imposes no such restrictions on a bank that is “well-capitalized.”

Deposit Insurance

The  DIF  provides  insurance  coverage  for  certain  deposits,  up  to  a  standard  maximum  deposit  insurance 
amount of $250,000 per depositor based on ownership right and capacity category codes and is funded through 
assessments on IDIs based on the risk each institution poses to the DIF. CBNA accepts customer deposits insured 
by  the  DIF  and,  therefore,  must  pay  insurance  premiums.  The  FDIC  may  increase  CBNA’s  insurance  premiums 
based  on  various  factors,  including  the  FDIC’s  assessment  of  its  risk  profile.  The  FDIC  also  requires  large 
depository  institutions,  including  CBNA,  to  maintain  enhanced  deposit  account  recordkeeping  and  related 
information  technology  system  capabilities  to  facilitate  prompt  calculation  of  insured  deposits  if  such  an 
institution was taken into FDIC receivership.

The  FDIC,  as  required  under  the  FDIA,  established  a  plan  in  September  2020  to  restore  the  DIF  reserve 
ratio,  1.13%  as  of  September  30,  2023,  to  meet  or  exceed  the  statutory  minimum  of  1.35%  within  eight  years. 
This plan did not include an increase in the deposit insurance assessment rate. During 2022, the FDIC determined 
that  the  DIF  reserve  ratio  was  at  risk  of  not  reaching  the  statutory  minimum  by  the  statutory  deadline  of 
September 30, 2028, absent an increase in assessment rates. In October 2022, the FDIC adopted a final rule to 
increase  initial  base  deposit  insurance  assessment  rates  by  2  basis  points,  beginning  with  the  first  quarterly 
assessment period of 2023. This increase in assessment rates was intended to improve the likelihood that the DIF 
reserve ratio will reach the required minimum by the statutory deadline of September 30, 2028.

In November 2023, the FDIC approved a final rule to impose special assessments to recover the loss to the 
DIF  arising  from  the  protection  of  uninsured  depositors  in  connection  with  the  systemic  risk  determination 
announced on March 12, 2023, following the closures of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, as required by 
the  FDIA.  Under  the  final  rule,  the  special  assessment  is  levied  on  an  IDI’s  assessment  base,  which  is  equal  to 
estimated uninsured deposits as reported on the institution’s December 31, 2022 Call Report, excluding the first 
$5 billion in estimated uninsured deposits. The special assessment is imposed at an annual rate of approximately 
13.4 basis points and will be collected over eight quarterly assessment periods beginning with the first quarter of 
2024.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 15

The FDIC’s current estimate of the loss attributable to this systemic risk determination is $16.3 billion. 
This estimate will be periodically adjusted as assets are sold, liabilities are satisfied, and receivership expenses 
are incurred. The FDIC would cease collection of special assessments before the end of the initial eight-quarter 
collection period if they expect the loss to be less than expected assessment collections. The FDIC also reserves 
the  right  to  impose  an  extended  special  assessment  collection  period  after  the  initial  eight-quarter  period  to 
collect  the  difference  between  losses  and  amounts  collected,  and  impose  a  one-time  final  shortfall  special 
assessment after both receiverships terminate.

Based  on  the  final  rule  and  related  accounting  guidance,  CBNA’s  special  assessment  is  approximately 
$225  million  and  was  recognized  in  other  operating  expense  in  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statement  of 
Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023. CBNA’s special assessment is subject to change if the eventual 
loss to the DIF differs from the FDIC’s current estimate.

Dividends

Various federal statutory provisions and regulations, as well as regulatory expectations, limit the amount 

of dividends that we and our subsidiaries may pay.

Our payment of dividends to our stockholders is subject to oversight by the FRB. In particular, the FRB 
reviews the dividend policies and share repurchases of a large BHC based on capital plans submitted as part of 
the CCAR process and the results of stress tests, as discussed above. In addition to other limitations, our ability 
to make any capital distributions, including dividends and share repurchases, is subject to the prior approval of 
the FRB if we are required to resubmit our capital plan. See “Capital and Stress Testing Requirements” above.

Dividends  payable  by  CBNA,  as  a  national  bank  subsidiary,  are  limited  to  the  lesser  of  the  amount 
calculated  under  a  “recent  earnings”  test  and  an  “undivided  profits”  test.  Under  the  recent  earnings  test,  a 
dividend  may  not  be  paid  if  the  total  of  all  dividends  declared  during  any  calendar  year  exceeds  the  sum  of 
current  year  net  income  and  retained  net  income  of  the  two  preceding  years,  less  any  required  transfers  to 
surplus, unless the national bank obtains the approval of the OCC. Under the undivided profits test, a dividend 
may  not  be  paid  in  excess  of  the  entity’s  “undivided  profits”  (generally  accumulated  net  profits  that  have  not 
been  paid  out  as  dividends  or  transferred  to  surplus).  Federal  banking  regulatory  agencies  have  issued  policy 
statements  that  provide  that  FDIC-insured  depository  institutions  and  their  holding  companies  should  generally 
pay dividends only out of current operating earnings. 

Support of Subsidiary Bank

The Parent Company is required to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to CBNA and, 
under appropriate conditions, to commit resources to support CBNA. This support may be required by the FRB at 
times when the Parent Company may not have the financial resources to do so, or when doing so may not serve 
our  interests  or  those  of  our  shareholders  or  creditors.  In  addition,  any  capital  loans  by  a  BHC  to  a  subsidiary 
bank are subordinate in right of payment to deposits and certain other indebtedness of such subsidiary bank. In 
the event of a BHC’s bankruptcy, any commitment by the BHC to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain 
the capital of a subsidiary bank will be assumed by the bankruptcy trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.

Transactions with Affiliates and Insiders

Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act establish certain quantitative limits and other prudential 
requirements  for  loans,  purchases  of  assets,  and  certain  other  transactions  between  a  member  bank  or  its 
subsidiaries and its affiliates. The term “member bank” includes national banks such as CBNA.

Section  23A  prohibits  a  bank  from  entering  a  “covered  transaction”  with  an  affiliate  if,  after  the 
transaction, the aggregate amount of the bank’s covered transactions with that affiliate would exceed 10% of the 
bank’s  capital  stock  and  surplus,  or  the  aggregate  amount  of  the  bank’s  covered  transactions  with  all  of  its 
affiliates would exceed 20% of the bank’s capital stock and surplus. Covered transactions include loans and other 
extensions  of  credit  to  an  affiliate,  investments  in  the  securities  of  an  affiliate,  purchases  of  assets  from  an 
affiliate, and certain other transactions that expose the bank to the credit risks of its affiliates.

Section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act requires that transactions, including all covered transactions, be 
on  terms  substantially  the  same,  or  at  least  as  favorable  to  the  bank,  as  those  prevailing  at  the  time  for 
comparable  transactions  with  non-affiliates  (the  “Market  Terms  Requirement”).  In  addition  to  covered 
transactions,  the  Market  Terms  Requirement  applies  to  certain  other  transactions  between  CBNA  and  its 
affiliates,  including  services  between  CBNA  and  the  Parent  Company  and  loans  to  CBNA  from  the  Parent 
Company.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 16

Under sections 22(g) and (h) of the Federal Reserve Act and the FRB’s Regulation O, we are also subject 
to  quantitative  restrictions  on  extensions  of  credit  to  executive  officers,  directors,  principal  stockholders  and 
their related interests. These extensions of credit may not exceed certain quantitative limits, must be made on 
substantially the same terms as those currently prevailing in the market for comparable transactions with third 
parties,  and  must  not  involve  more  than  the  normal  risk  of  repayment  or  present  other  unfavorable  features. 
Certain extensions of credit also require the approval of our Board.

Volcker Rule

The Dodd-Frank Act prohibits banks and their affiliates from engaging in proprietary trading and investing 
in, sponsoring and having certain relationships with private funds such as certain hedge funds or private equity 
funds. This statutory provision is commonly called the “Volcker Rule.” Under this rule, we are viewed as having 
“moderate” trading assets and liabilities, which subjects us to a simplified compliance program requirement that 
is appropriate for our activities, size, scope, and complexity. This Volcker Rule does not have a material impact 
on Citizens.

Consumer Financial Protection Regulations

The  retail  activities  of  banks  are  subject  to  a  variety  of  statutes  and  regulations  designed  to  protect 
consumers and promote lending to various sectors of the economy and population. These laws include, but are 
not limited to, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Fair Credit Reporting 
Act,  the  Truth  in  Lending  Act,  the  Home  Mortgage  Disclosure  Act,  the  Service  Members  Civil  Relief  Act,  the 
Expedited Funds Availability Act, the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Funds 
Transfer Act, and their respective federal regulations and state law counterparts.

In addition to these federal laws and regulations, the guidance and interpretations of the various federal 
agencies  charged  with  the  responsibility  of  implementing  such  regulations  also  influence  loan  and  deposit 
operations.

The  CFPB  has  broad  rulemaking,  supervisory,  examination  and  enforcement  authority  over  various 
consumer  financial  protection  laws,  including  those  referenced  above,  fair  lending  laws  and  certain  other 
statutes.  The  CFPB  also  has  examination  and  primary  enforcement  authority  with  respect  to  depository 
institutions with $10 billion or more in assets, including the authority to prevent unfair, deceptive or abusive acts 
or  practices  in  connection  with  the  offering  of  consumer  financial  products.  The  OCC  also  examines  our  retail 
activities. 

The Dodd-Frank Act permits states to adopt stricter consumer protection laws and standards than those 
adopted at the federal level, and in certain circumstances allows state attorneys general to enforce compliance 
with both the state and federal laws and regulations on banks like us.

Protection of Customer Personal Information and Cybersecurity

The  privacy  provisions  of  GLBA  generally  prohibit  financial  institutions,  including  us,  from  disclosing 
nonpublic  personal  financial  information  of  consumer  customers  to  third  parties  for  certain  purposes  unless 
customers have the opportunity to opt out of the disclosure. The Fair Credit Reporting Act restricts information 
sharing among affiliates for marketing purposes. Both the Fair Credit Reporting Act and Regulation V, which are 
issued by the FRB, govern the use and provision of information to consumer reporting agencies.

The  federal  banking  regulators  regularly  issue  guidance  regarding  cybersecurity  intended  to  enhance 
cyber  risk  management  standards  among  financial  institutions.  Financial  institutions  are  expected  to  design 
multiple  layers  of  security  controls  to  establish  lines  of  defense  and  to  ensure  that  their  risk  management 
processes  also  address  the  risk  posed  by  compromised  customer  credentials,  including  security  measures  to 
reliably  authenticate  customers  when  accessing  internet-based  services  of  the  financial  institution.  Further,  a 
financial  institution’s  management  is  expected  to  maintain  sufficient  business  continuity  planning  processes  to 
ensure  the  rapid  recovery,  resumption  and  maintenance  of  the  institution’s  operations  after  a  cyber-attack 
involving  destructive  malware  or  other  compromise  of  customer  data  and/or  systems.  A  financial  institution  is 
also expected to develop appropriate processes to enable recovery of data and business operations and address 
rebuilding network capabilities and restoring data if the institution or its critical service providers fall victim to 
this type of cyber-attack or compromise. If we fail to observe the regulatory guidance, we could be subject to 
various  regulatory  sanctions,  including  financial  penalties.  For  a  further  discussion  of  risks  related  to 
cybersecurity, see Item 1A “Risk Factors.”

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 17

A financial institution is also required to notify its primary banking regulator within 36 hours of computer-
security  incidents  that  have  materially  disrupted  or  degraded,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  disrupt  or 
degrade its:

•

•

•

ability  to  carry  out  banking  operations,  activities,  or  processes,  or  deliver  banking  products  and 
services to a material portion of its customer base;

business  lines,  including  associated  operations,  services,  functions,  and  support,  that  upon  failure 
would result in a material loss of revenue, profit, or franchise value; or

operations,  including  associated  services,  functions,  and  support,  the  failure  or  discontinuance  of 
which would pose a threat to the financial stability of the United States.

In  addition,  in  August  2023,  the  SEC  adopted  a  final  rule  that  requires  the  disclosure  of  material 
cybersecurity  incidents  on  Form  8-K.  Registrants  must  describe  the  material  aspects  of  the  nature,  scope  and 
timing  of  the  incident,  as  well  as  the  impact  of  the  incident  on  the  registrant.  The  final  rule  also  requires 
registrants to describe, on Form 10-K, their processes for assessing, identifying and managing material risks from 
cybersecurity  threats  and  whether  such  risks  have  materially  affected  the  registrant.  Registrants  must  also 
describe  Board  oversight  of  risks  from  cybersecurity  threats  and  management’s  role  and  expertise  in  assessing 
and managing material risks from such threats. See Item 1C “Cybersecurity” for more information.

State  regulators  have  also  been  active  in  implementing  privacy  and  cybersecurity  standards  and 
regulations. Recently, several states have adopted laws and regulations requiring certain financial institutions to 
implement cybersecurity programs and provide details with respect to these programs. In addition, many states 
have recently implemented or modified their data breach notification and data privacy requirements. We expect 
this trend of state-level activity to continue and are continually monitoring developments in the states in which 
we operate. 

Community Reinvestment Act

The CRA requires CBNA’s primary federal bank regulatory agency, the OCC, to evaluate the bank’s record 
in  meeting  the  credit  needs  of  the  communities  it  serves,  including  low-  and  moderate-income  neighborhoods 
and individuals. Institutions are assigned one of four ratings: “Outstanding,” “Satisfactory,” “Needs to Improve,” 
or “Substantial Noncompliance.” A bank’s CRA record is considered by regulatory agencies in evaluating mergers, 
acquisitions and applications to open a branch or facility. In addition, the CRA record of a subsidiary bank of a 
FHC is considered if a FHC wishes to commence certain new financial activities or to acquire a company engaged 
in such activities, which requires a rating of at least “satisfactory.” CBNA received an “Outstanding” rating on its 
most recent CRA evaluation. 

On  October  24,  2023,  the  federal  banking  regulators  issued  a  joint  final  rule  that  revises  the  agencies’ 
CRA  regulations.  The  primary  provisions  of  the  final  rule,  along  with  the  most  significant  changes  from  the 
existing CRA regulatory framework, are outlined below:

•

•

•

•

a tiered evaluation framework is established based on a bank’s asset size, similar to the existing CRA 
regulatory framework;

the geographic area in which banks may be evaluated for performance is expanded to include areas 
outside  of  where  they  have  physical  locations  in  order  to  capture  the  varied  activities  a  bank 
conducts, such as online and mobile banking, and the communities in which it operates;

bank  retail  lending  and  community  development  financing  will  be  evaluated  using  a  new  metrics-
based approach; and

clarifies eligible CRA activities, such as affordable housing.

The  final  rule  takes  effect  on  April  1,  2024,  with  staggered  compliance  dates  of  January  1,  2026,  and 
January 1, 2027 for certain reporting requirements. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the final 
rule on our business.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 18

Compensation

Our compensation practices are subject to oversight by the federal banking regulators. Guidance issued 
by  the  federal  banking  regulators  is  designed  to  ensure  that  incentive  compensation  arrangements  take  into 
account  risk  and  are  consistent  with  safe  and  sound  practices.  The  guidance  sets  forth  the  following  three  key 
principles with respect to incentive compensation arrangements: 

•

•

•

the  arrangements  should  provide  employees  with  incentives  that  appropriately  balance  risk  and 
financial  results  in  a  manner  that  does  not  encourage  employees  to  expose  their  organizations  to 
imprudent risk; 

the arrangements should be compatible with effective controls and risk management; and

the arrangements should be supported by strong corporate governance. 

The  U.S.  financial  regulators,  including  the  FRB,  the  OCC  and  the  SEC,  jointly  proposed  regulations  in 
2011 and again in 2016 to implement the incentive compensation requirements of Section 956 of the Dodd-Frank 
Act. These regulations have not been finalized.

Anti-Money Laundering

The  Bank  Secrecy  Act  (“BSA”)  and  the  Patriot  Act  contain  anti-money  laundering  (“AML”)  and  financial 
transparency provisions intended to detect and prevent the use of the U.S. financial system for money laundering 
and  terrorist  financing  activities.  The  BSA,  as  amended  by  the  Patriot  Act,  requires  depository  institutions  and 
their  holding  companies  to  maintain  an  AML  program,  verify  the  identity  of  customers  and  certain  beneficial 
owners  for  legal  entity  customers,  monitor  for  and  report  suspicious  transactions,  report  on  cash  transactions 
exceeding  specified  thresholds,  and  respond  to  requests  for  information  by  regulatory  authorities  and  law 
enforcement  agencies.  We  are  also  required  to  provide  our  employees  with  AML  training,  designate  an  AML 
compliance officer, and undergo an annual, independent audit to assess the effectiveness of our AML program. 
We  have  implemented  policies,  procedures,  and  internal  controls  that  are  designed  to  comply  with  these  AML 
requirements. Financial services regulators are focusing their examinations on AML compliance, and we continue 
to  monitor  and  augment,  where  necessary,  our  AML  compliance  programs.  The  federal  banking  agencies  are 
required,  when  reviewing  bank  and  bank  holding  company  acquisition  or  merger  applications,  to  take  into 
account the effectiveness of the AML activities of the applicants.

The  Anti-Money  Laundering  Act  of  2020  (“AMLA”),  enacted  in  January  2021  as  part  of  the  National 
Defense Authorization Act, requires the U.S. Treasury Department to issue National Anti-Money Laundering and 
Countering  the  Financing  of  Terrorism  Priorities  and  conduct  studies  and  issue  regulations  that  may,  over  the 
next few years, significantly alter some of the due diligence, recordkeeping and reporting requirements that the 
BSA and the Patriot Act impose on financial institutions. The AMLA also increases penalties for violations of the 
BSA  and  significantly  expands  a  whistleblower  award  program  both  of  which  could  increase  the  prospect  of 
regulatory  enforcement.  In  2021,  the  Financial  Crimes  Enforcement  Network  (FinCEN),  a  bureau  of  the  U.S. 
Treasury Department, issued the priorities for AML and countering the financing of terrorism policy, as required 
under the AMLA. These priorities include corruption, cybercrime, terrorist financing, fraud, transnational crime, 
drug trafficking, human trafficking and proliferation financing.

Office of Foreign Assets Control Regulation

The  U.S.  has  imposed  economic  sanctions  that  affect  transactions  with  designated  foreign  countries, 
nationals and others, that are administered by OFAC. OFAC-administered sanctions targeting countries take many 
different forms and generally contain one or more of the following elements: 

•

•

restrictions on trade with or investment in a sanctioned country, including prohibitions against direct 
or  indirect  imports  from  and  exports  to  a  sanctioned  country  and  prohibitions  on  U.S.  persons 
engaging in financial transactions relating to, making investments in, or providing investment-related 
advice or assistance to, a sanctioned country; and 

a  blocking  of  assets  in  which  the  government  or  specially  designated  nationals  of  the  sanctioned 
country have an interest, by prohibiting transfers of property subject to U.S. jurisdiction, including 
property  in  the  possession  or  control  of  U.S.  persons.  Blocked  assets  (e.g.,  property  and  bank 
deposits) cannot be paid out, withdrawn, set off or transferred in any manner without a license from 
OFAC. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 19

Lists  including  the  names  of  individuals  and  organizations  suspected  of  aiding,  harboring  or  engaging  in 
terrorist  acts,  including  the  Specially  Designated  Nationals  and  Blocked  Persons,  is  published  and  routinely 
updated by OFAC. We are responsible for, among other things, blocking accounts of, and transactions with, such 
targets  and  countries,  prohibiting  unlicensed  trade  and  financial  transactions  with  them  and  reporting  blocked 
transactions  after  they  occur.  If  we  identify  a  name  on  any  transaction,  account  or  wire  transfer  that  is  on  an 
OFAC  list  we  must  freeze  the  associated  account,  file  a  suspicious  activity  report  and  notify  the  appropriate 
authorities. Failure to comply with these sanctions could have serious legal and reputational consequences.

Regulation of Broker-Dealers

Our subsidiaries, Citizens Securities, Inc., and Citizens JMP Securities, LLC are registered broker-dealers 
with  the  SEC  and  subject  to  regulation  and  examination  by  the  SEC  as  well  as  FINRA  and  other  self-regulatory 
organizations.  These  regulations  cover  a  broad  range  of  matters,  including  capital  requirements;  sales  and 
trading  practices;  use  of  client  funds  and  securities;  the  conduct  of  directors,  officers  and  employees;  record-
keeping  and  recording;  supervisory  procedures  to  prevent  improper  trading  on  material  nonpublic  information; 
qualification and licensing of sales personnel; and limitations on the extension of credit in securities transactions. 
In addition to federal registration, state securities commissions require the registration of certain broker-dealers.

Heightened Risk Governance Standards

CBNA  is  subject  to  OCC  guidelines  that  impose  heightened  risk  governance  standards  on  large  national 
banks with average total consolidated assets of $50 billion or more. The guidelines set forth minimum standards 
for the design and implementation of a bank’s risk governance framework and its associated oversight by a bank’s 
board  of  directors.  The  guidelines  are  intended  to  protect  the  safety  and  soundness  of  covered  banks  and 
improve the ability of bank examiners to assess compliance with the OCC’s expectations. Under the guidelines, a 
bank may use the risk governance framework of its parent company if it meets the minimum standards and the 
risk  profiles  of  the  parent  company  and  the  covered  bank  are  substantially  the  same,  along  with  certain  other 
conditions.  CBNA  has  elected  to  use  the  Parent  Company’s  risk  governance  framework.  A  bank’s  board  of 
directors  is  required  to  have  two  members  who  are  independent  of  bank  and  parent  company  management, 
ensure  that  the  risk  governance  framework  meets  the  appropriate  standards,  provide  active  oversight  and  a 
credible  challenge  to  management’s  recommendations  and  decisions,  and  ensure  that  decisions  made  by  the 
parent company do not jeopardize the safety and soundness of the bank.

 Intellectual Property

In the highly competitive banking industry in which we operate, trademarks, service marks and logos are 
important to the success of our business. We own and license a variety of trademarks, service marks, logos and 
pending registrations and are spending significant resources to develop our stand-alone brands.

Website Access to Citizens’ Filings with the SEC and Corporate Governance Information

We maintain a website at investor.citizensbank.com. We make available on our website, free of charge, 
our  annual  reports  on  Form  10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q  and  current  reports  on  Form  8-K,  including 
exhibits, and amendments to those reports that are filed or furnished to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) of the 
Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934.  These  documents  are  made  available  on  our  website  as  soon  as  reasonably 
practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The SEC also maintains an internet 
site  (www.sec.gov)  that  contains  reports,  proxy  and  information  statements,  and  other  information  regarding 
issuers  that  file  electronically  with  the  SEC.  Information  about  our  Board  and  its  committees  and  corporate 
governance, 
is  available  on  our  website  at 
investor.citizensbank.com/about-us/investor-relations/corporate-governance. 

including  our  Code  of  Business  Conduct  and  Ethics, 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

We  are  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  potentially  impacting  our  business,  financial  condition,  results  of 
operations  and  cash  flows.  As  a  financial  services  organization,  certain  elements  of  risk  are  inherent  in  our 
transactions  and  operations  and  the  business  decisions  we  make.  Therefore,  we  encounter  risk  as  part  of  the 
normal course of our business and design a risk management framework and associated processes to help manage 
these risks.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 20

Our  success  is  dependent  on  our  ability  to  identify,  understand  and  manage  the  risks  presented  by  our 
business activities so that we can appropriately balance risk taking with revenue generation and profitability. We 
discuss the primary risks we face and our risk management framework and associated processes and strategies in 
the “Risk Governance” section in Item 7.

You should carefully consider the following risk factors that may affect our business, financial condition, 
results  of  operations  or  cash  flows.  Other  factors  that  could  affect  us  are  discussed  in  the  “Forward-Looking 
Statements” section above. However, there may be additional risks that are not currently material or known, and 
factors besides those discussed below, or in this or other reports that we file or furnish with the SEC, that could 
adversely affect us. Therefore, the risks described in the risk factors below should not be considered a complete 
list of risks that we may encounter.

Risks Related to Our Business

We may not be able to successfully execute our business strategy. 

Our  business  strategy  is  designed  to  maximize  the  full  potential  of  our  business  and  drive  sustainable 
growth  and  enhanced  profitability,  with  our  success  resting  on  our  ability  to  distinguish  ourselves.  Our  future 
success and the value of our stock depends, in part, on our ability to effectively implement our business strategy, 
including the cost savings and efficiency components, and achieve our financial performance goals, including the 
anticipated  benefits  of  the  Private  Bank  start-up  investment  and  Investors  acquisition.  There  are  risks  and 
uncertainties, many of which are not within our control, associated with each element of our strategy. If we are 
not able to successfully execute our business strategy, we may not achieve our financial performance goals and 
any shortfall may be material. See the “Business Strategy” section in Item 1 for further information.

Supervisory  requirements  and  expectations  on  us  as  a  financial  holding  company  and  a  bank 
holding  company  and  any  regulator-imposed  limits  on  our  activities  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to 
implement  our  strategic  plan,  expand  our  business,  continue  to  improve  our  financial  performance  and 
make capital distributions to our stockholders. 

Our operations are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination by the federal banking 
regulators,  as  well  as  the  CFPB.  As  part  of  the  supervisory  and  examination  process,  if  we  are  unsuccessful  in 
meeting  the  requirements  and  expectations  that  apply  to  us,  regulatory  agencies  may  from  time  to  time  take 
supervisory  actions  against  us  that  may  not  be  publicly  disclosed.  Such  actions  may  include  restrictions  on  our 
activities or the activities of our subsidiaries, informal (nonpublic) or formal (public) supervisory actions or public 
enforcement  actions,  including  the  payment  of  civil  money  penalties,  which  could  increase  our  costs  and  limit 
our  ability  to  implement  our  strategic  plans  and  expand  our  business,  and  as  a  result  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. See the “Regulation and Supervision” 
section in Item 1 for further information.

Difficult economic conditions, including inflationary pressures, would likely have an adverse effect 

on our business, financial position and results of operations.

From  March  2022  to  July  2023,  the  FRB  raised  its  benchmark  interest  rate  eleven  times  in  response  to 
inflationary  pressures  throughout  the  economy.  Financial  markets  remain  volatile  amidst  the  uncertainty  of 
economic conditions, including potential recessionary conditions. Changes in interest rates can affect numerous 
aspects of our business and may impact our future performance. Also, see “Changes in interest rates may have an 
adverse effect on our profitability” below for more information on the risks associated with changes in interest 
rates.

Prolonged  periods  of  inflation  may  impact  our  profitability  by  negatively  impacting  our  costs  and 
expenses,  including  increasing  funding  costs  and  expense  related  to  talent  acquisition  and  retention,  and 
negatively impacting consumer demand and client purchasing power for our products and services. If significant 
inflation  continues,  our  business  could  be  negatively  affected  by,  among  other  things,  increased  default  rates 
leading to credit losses which could adversely impact our earnings and capital.

Any  of  the  effects  of  these  adverse  economic  conditions  would  likely  have  an  adverse  impact  on  our 
earnings,  with  the  significance  of  the  impact  generally  depending  on  the  nature  and  severity  of  the  economic 
conditions.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 21

Our ability to meet our obligations, and the cost of funds to do so, depend on our ability to access 

identified sources of liquidity at a reasonable cost. 

Liquidity risk is the risk arising from the inability to meet our obligations when they come due. We must 
maintain  adequate  funding  to  meet  current  and  future  obligations,  including  customer  loan  requests,  customer 
deposit maturities and withdrawals, debt service, equipment and premises leases, and other cash commitments, 
under both normal operating conditions and under periods of company-specific and/or market stress.

We  primarily  rely  on  customer  deposits  to  be  a  relatively  stable  and  low-cost  source  of  funding.  In 
addition  to  customer  deposits,  our  funding  sources  also  include  our  ability  to  securitize  loans  in  secondary 
markets, raise funds in the debt and equity capital markets, pledge loans and/or securities for borrowing from 
the FHLB, pledge securities as collateral for borrowing under repurchase agreements, and sell AFS securities.

Our ability to meet our obligations and support our operations could be materially affected by a variety 
of  conditions,  including  market-wide  illiquidity  or  disruption,  a  loss  of  market  or  customer  confidence  in  the 
financial  services  industry  generally  or  in  the  Company  specifically,  or  reductions  in  one  or  more  of  our  credit 
ratings.  This  could  limit  our  ability  to  retain  our  deposits,  securitize  or  sell  assets,  access  the  debt  or  equity 
capital markets, or otherwise borrow money at a reasonable cost. Additionally, these conditions, among others, 
if  severe  enough,  could  create  unanticipated  material  outflows  of  cash  due  to,  among  other  factors,  draws  on 
unfunded  commitments  or  deposit  attrition,  which  could  have  significant  adverse  impact  on  our  liquidity. 
Further, changes to the FHLB’s or the FRB’s underwriting guidelines for wholesale borrowings or lending policies 
may limit or restrict our ability to borrow, and therefore could have a significant adverse impact on our liquidity.

Changes in interest rates may have an adverse effect on our liquidity and profitability.

Changes in interest rates can have a material impact on the value of our securities, a primary objective 
of which is to provide a ready source of contingent liquidity. An increase in rates could lower the collateral value 
of these securities, reducing the amount we could borrow, and lead to losses in the event of their sale.

Since our earning assets are primarily in the form of loans and debt securities, changes in interest rates 
can have a material impact our net interest income, net interest margin, fee income, and credit costs. Changes 
in interest rates can affect our net interest income and margin as our asset yields and funding costs may not rise 
or fall in parallel, causing our net interest income to increase or decrease and our margin to expand or contract. 
If our funding costs rise faster than our asset yields, or if our asset yields fall faster than our funding costs, our 
net interest income could decrease, and our margin could contract.

An increase in interest rates could cause lower demand for loans by customers, reducing our net interest 
income due to lower loan balances and origination-related fee income due to lower production volume, and could 
also  have  an  adverse  impact  on  our  credit  costs,  as  borrowers  may  have  difficulty  in  making  higher  interest 
payments. Additionally, an increase in rates could cause recognition of losses on the debt securities in our AFS 
portfolio if the securities needed to be sold. 

Similarly, a decrease in interest rates could lower our net interest income, net interest margin and fee 
income. We may be adversely affected by a prolonged period of low interest rates as it may result in us holding 
lower yielding loans and securities should rates rise rapidly after the period of low interest rates.

Changes  in  the  spread  between  short-term  and  long-term  interest  rates  (i.e.,  the  yield  curve)  can  also 
have a material impact on our net interest income and net interest margin. Typically, the yield curve is upward 
sloping, with short-term rates being lower than long-term rates. When the yield curve flattens or inverts, our net 
interest income and net interest margin may decrease if the cost of our short-term funding increases relative to 
the yield we can earn on our long-term assets. 

Interest  rates  and  the  yield  curve  are  highly  sensitive  to  many  factors  that  are  beyond  our  control, 
including general economic conditions and the policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies and, in 
particular, the Federal Open Market Committee. Although we have policies and procedures designed to manage 
our interest rate risks, as further discussed in the “Risk Governance” section in Item 7, there can be no assurance 
that these policies and procedures will be effective in avoiding material adverse effects on our profitability.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 22

We  could  fail  to  attract,  retain  or  motivate  highly-skilled  and  qualified  personnel,  including  our 
senior  management,  other  key  employees  or  members  of  our  Board,  which  could  impair  our  ability  to 
successfully execute our strategic plan and otherwise adversely affect our business.

Our  ability  to  implement  our  strategic  plan  and  our  future  success  depends  on  our  ability  to  attract, 
retain  and  motivate  highly-skilled  and  qualified  personnel,  including  our  senior  management  and  other  key 
employees  and  directors.  The  marketplace  for  skilled  personnel  continues  to  be  competitive,  which  means  the 
cost of hiring, incentivizing and retaining skilled personnel may continue to rise. The failure to attract and retain 
highly  skilled  and  qualified  personnel  could  place  us  at  a  significant  competitive  disadvantage  and  impair  our 
ability  to  implement  our  strategic  plan  successfully  and  achieve  our  performance  targets,  which  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Limitations  on  the  manner  in  which  regulated  financial  institutions,  such  as  us,  can  compensate  their 
officers  and  employees,  including  those  contained  in  pending  rule  proposals  implementing  the  requirements  of 
Section 956 of the Dodd-Frank Act, may make it more difficult for such institutions to compete for talent with 
financial institutions and other companies not subject to these or similar limitations. If we are unable to compete 
effectively,  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be  adversely  affected,  perhaps 
materially. 

A  reduction  in  our  credit  ratings  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial 

condition and results of operations. 

Credit ratings affect the cost and other terms upon which we are able to obtain funding. Rating agencies 
regularly  evaluate  us,  and  their  ratings  are  based  on  a  number  of  factors,  including  our  financial  strength  and 
conditions affecting the financial services industry generally. Any downgrade in our ratings would likely increase 
our borrowing costs and could limit our access to capital markets, which would adversely affect our business. For 
example, a ratings downgrade could adversely affect our ability to sell or market our securities, including long-
term  debt,  engage  in  certain  longer-term  derivatives  transactions  and  retain  our  customers,  particularly 
corporate customers who may require a minimum rating threshold in order to place funds with us. In addition, 
under  the  terms  of  our  derivatives  contracts,  we  may  be  required  to  maintain  a  minimum  credit  rating,  post 
additional collateral or terminate such contracts. Any of these results of a ratings downgrade could increase our 
cost of funding, reduce our liquidity and have adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of 
operations. For more information regarding our credit ratings, see the “Liquidity” section in Item 7.

Our financial performance may be adversely affected by deterioration in borrower credit quality. 

Risks arising from actual or perceived changes in credit quality and uncertainty over the recoverability of 
amounts  due  from  borrowers  is  inherent  in  our  businesses.  If  the  economic  environment  were  to  deteriorate, 
more of our borrowers may have difficulty in repaying their loans which could result in higher credit losses and 
increased loan loss provision expense. Further, our credit risk and credit losses may increase to the extent our 
loans  are  concentrated  by  loan  type,  industry  segment,  collateral  type,  borrower  type,  or  location  of  the 
collateral or borrower. 

A  significant  portion  of  our  earnings  assets  are  in  the  form  of  loans  to  borrowers  across  the  U.S., 
primarily  for  residential,  commercial  and  industrial,  commercial  real  estate,  education,  auto  and  other  retail 
purposes.  A  deterioration  in  economic  conditions  or  changes  in  consumer  or  business  behavior  that  negatively 
impacts  home  property  or  commercial  property  values  could,  in  event  of  the  borrower’s  default,  result  in 
materially  higher  credit  losses.  Similarly,  higher  unemployment  levels  and  higher  interest  rates  can  adversely 
affect our customers’ ability to repay their loans, which can negatively impact our credit performance.

The credit quality of our borrowers may deteriorate for a number of reasons that are outside our control, 
including  prevailing  economic  and  market  conditions  and  collateral  valuations.  The  trends  and  risks  affecting 
borrower  credit  quality  have  caused,  and  in  the  future  may  cause,  us  to  experience  credit  losses,  impairment 
charges,  increased  repurchase  demands,  higher  recovery  costs,  and  an  inability  to  engage  in  routine  funding 
transactions,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 23

Our framework for managing risks may not be effective in mitigating risk and loss. 

Our  risk  management  framework  is  made  up  of  various  processes  and  strategies  to  manage  our  risk 
exposure.  The  framework  to  manage  risk,  including  the  framework’s  underlying  assumptions,  may  not  be 
effective under all conditions and circumstances. If the risk management framework proves ineffective, we could 
suffer unexpected losses and could be materially adversely affected.

One of the main types of risks inherent in our business is credit risk. An important feature of our credit 
risk management system is to employ an internal credit risk control system through which we identify, measure, 
monitor  and  mitigate  the  existing  and  emerging  credit  risk  of  our  customers.  This  process  involves  a  detailed 
analysis  of  the  customer  or  credit  risk,  taking  into  account  both  quantitative  and  qualitative  factors,  and  is 
inherently subject to human error. In exercising their judgment, our employees may not always be able to assign 
an accurate credit rating to a customer or credit risk, which may result in our exposure to higher credit risks than 
indicated by our risk rating system.

In addition, we have undertaken certain actions to enhance our credit policies and guidelines to address 
potential  risks  associated  with  particular  industries  or  types  of  customers.  However,  we  may  not  be  able  to 
effectively implement these initiatives, or consistently follow and refine our credit risk management system. If 
any of the foregoing were to occur, it may result in an increase in the level of nonaccrual loans and a higher risk 
exposure for us, which could have a material adverse effect on us.

Changes  in  our  accounting  policies  or  in  accounting  standards  could  materially  affect  how  we 

report our financial results and condition.

The FASB and SEC periodically change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the 
accounting for our financial results and the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. These changes 
can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of 
operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, which would 
result in the recasting of our prior period financial statements.

Our  financial  and  accounting  estimates  and  risk  management  framework  rely  on  analytical 

forecasting and models. 

The  processes  we  use  to  estimate  loan  losses,  measure  the  fair  value  of  financial  instruments  and 
estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other market measures on our financial condition and results 
of  operations  are  reliant  upon  the  use  of  analytical  and  forecasting  models.  Some  of  our  tools  and  metrics  for 
managing risk are based on observed historical market behavior, and we rely on quantitative models to measure 
risks and to estimate certain financial values. Models may be used in processes such as determining the pricing of 
various products, grading loans and extending credit, measuring interest rate and other market risks, predicting 
losses,  assessing  capital  adequacy  and  calculating  regulatory  capital  levels,  as  well  as  estimating  the  value  of 
financial  instruments  and  balance  sheet  items.  Poorly  designed  or  implemented  models  could  adversely  affect 
our  business  decisions  if  the  information  is  inadequate.  In  addition,  our  models  may  fail  to  predict  future  risk 
exposures if the information used is inaccurate, obsolete or not sufficiently comparable to actual events as they 
occur.  We  seek  to  incorporate  appropriate  historical  data  in  our  models,  but  the  range  of  market  values  and 
behaviors  reflected  in  any  period  of  historical  data  is  not  always  predictive  of  future  developments  in  any 
particular period and the period of data we incorporate into our models may turn out to be inappropriate for the 
future  period  being  modeled.  In  these  instances,  our  ability  to  manage  risk  would  be  limited  and  our  risk 
exposure  and  losses  could  be  significantly  greater  than  our  models  indicated,  which  could  harm  our  reputation 
and  adversely  affect  our  revenues  and  profits.  Finally,  information  provided  to  our  regulators  based  on  poorly 
designed or implemented models could be inaccurate or insufficient. Some of the decisions that our regulators 
make,  including  those  related  to  capital  distributions  to  our  stockholders,  could  be  adversely  affected  due  to 
their perception that the quality of the models used to generate the relevant information is insufficient.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 24

The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make subjective determinations and use 
estimates that may vary from actual results and materially impact our financial condition and results of 
operations. 

The  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to 
make  significant  estimates  that  affect  the  financial  statements.  Our  accounting  policies  and  methods  are 
fundamental to how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations and, at times, require 
management  to  exercise  judgment  in  their  application  so  as  to  report  our  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations  in  the  most  appropriate  manner.  Certain  accounting  policies  are  critical  because  they  require 
management to make difficult, subjective or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and 
the  likelihood  that  materially  different  estimates  would  result  under  different  conditions  or  through  the 
utilization of different assumptions. Our critical accounting estimates include the ACL, estimations of fair value 
and review of goodwill for impairment. If our estimates are inaccurate or need to be adjusted periodically, our 
financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be  materially  impacted.  For  more  information  regarding  our 
use  of  estimates  in  the  preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statements,  see  Note  1  in  Item  8  and  the 
“Critical Accounting Estimates” section in Item 7.

Operational risks are inherent in our businesses. 

Our  operations  depend  on  our  ability  to  process  a  very  large  number  of  transactions  efficiently  and 
accurately  while  complying  with  applicable  laws  and  regulations.  Operational  risk  and  losses  can  result  from 
internal  and  external  fraud;  improper  conduct  or  errors  by  employees  or  third  parties;  failure  to  document 
transactions  properly  or  to  obtain  proper  authorization;  failure  to  comply  with  applicable  legal  and  regulatory 
requirements  and  business  conduct  rules;  equipment  failures,  including  those  caused  by  natural  disasters  or  by 
electrical,  telecommunications  or  other  essential  utility  outages;  business  continuity  and  data  security  system 
failures,  including  those  caused  by  computer  viruses,  cyber-attacks  against  us  or  our  vendors,  or  unforeseen 
problems  encountered  while  implementing  new  computer  systems  or  upgrades  to  existing  systems;  or  the 
inadequacy  or  failure  of  systems  and  controls,  including  those  of  our  suppliers  or  counterparties.  Although  we 
implement  risk  controls  and  loss  mitigation  actions  and  devote  substantial  resources  to  developing  efficient 
procedures, identifying and rectifying weaknesses in existing procedures and training staff, it is not possible to be 
certain that such actions have been or will be effective in controlling each of the operational risks we face. Any 
weakness  in  these  systems  or  controls,  or  any  breaches  or  alleged  breaches  of  such  laws  or  regulations,  could 
result  in  increased  regulatory  supervision,  enforcement  actions  and  other  disciplinary  action,  and  have  an 
adverse impact on our business, applicable authorizations and licenses, reputation and results of operations.

The  financial  services  industry,  including  the  banking  sector,  continues  to  make  technological 
enhancements  to  meet  customer  preferences,  as  well  as  meet  legal  and  regulatory  requirements,  and  we 
may not be able to compete effectively as a result of these changes. 

Technology within the financial services industry continues to evolve and new, unexpected technological 
changes could have a transformative effect on the way banks offer products and services. We believe our success 
depends, to a great extent, on our ability to utilize technology to offer products and services that address the 
needs  of  our  customers  and  to  create  efficiencies  in  our  operations.  However,  we  may  not  be  able  to,  among 
other things, keep up with the rapid pace of technological changes, effectively implement new technology-driven 
products and services, or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers. As a result, 
our  ability  to  compete  effectively  to  attract  or  retain  business  may  be  impaired,  and  our  business,  financial 
condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.

In addition, changes in the legal and regulatory framework under which we operate require us to update 
our  information  systems  to  ensure  compliance.  Our  need  to  review  and  evaluate  the  impact  of  ongoing  rule 
proposals,  final  rules  and  implementation  guidance  from  regulators  further  complicates  the  development  and 
implementation of new information systems for our business. Regulatory guidance continues to be focused on the 
need for financial institutions to perform appropriate due diligence and ongoing monitoring of third-party vendor 
relationships,  thus  increasing  the  scope  of  management  involvement  and  decreasing  the  efficiency  otherwise 
resulting  from  our  relationships  with  third-party  technology  providers.  Given  the  significant  number  of  ongoing 
regulatory  reform  initiatives,  it  is  possible  that  we  incur  higher  than  expected  information  technology  costs  in 
order to comply with current and impending regulations. Also, see “Supervisory requirements and expectations 
on  us  as  a  financial  holding  company  and  a  bank  holding  company  and  any  regulator-imposed  limits  on  our 
activities  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  implement  our  strategic  plan,  expand  our  business,  continue  to 
improve our financial performance and make capital distributions to our stockholders.”

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 25

We are subject to a variety of cybersecurity risks that, if realized, could adversely affect how we 

conduct our business. 

Evolving  technologies  and  the  increased  sophistication  and  activities  of  organized  crime,  hackers, 
terrorists,  nation-states,  activists  and  other  external  parties  present  a  significant  information  security  risk  to 
large  financial  institutions  such  as  us.  Third  parties  with  whom  we  or  our  customers  do  business  also  present 
operational  and  information  security  risks  to  us,  including  security  breaches  or  failures  of  their  own  systems. 
Risks related to cyber-attacks on our vendors and other third parties, including supply chain attacks affecting our 
software and information technology service providers, are on the rise as such attacks become more frequent and 
severe.  Employee  error,  failure  to  follow  security  procedures,  or  malfeasance  also  present  these  risks.  Our 
operations  rely  on  the  secure  processing,  transmission  and  storage  of  confidential  information  in  our  computer 
systems and networks as well as in the third-party computer systems and networks used to provide products and 
services  on  our  behalf.  Although  we  believe  that  we  have  appropriate  information  security  procedures  and 
controls  based  on  our  adherence  to  applicable  laws  and  regulations  and  industry  standards,  our  technologies, 
systems, and networks may be the target of cyber-attacks or information security breaches that could result in 
the  unauthorized  release,  gathering,  monitoring,  misuse,  theft,  sale  or  loss  or  destruction  of  the  confidential 
and/or proprietary information of CFG, and our customers, vendors, counterparties, or employees. We and our 
third-party  vendors  are  under  continuous  threat  of  loss  or  network  degradation  due  to  cyber-attacks,  such  as 
computer viruses, malicious or destructive code, phishing attacks, ransomware, and Distributed Denial of Service 
(“DDoS”) attacks (collectively, “fraudulent schemes”). Also, our customers are routinely the target of fraudulent 
schemes. This is especially true as we continue to expand customer capabilities to utilize the Internet and other 
remote channels to transact business. Two of the most significant cyber-attack risks that we face as a result of 
these  fraudulent  schemes  are  potential  loss  of  funds  resulting  from  customers  falling  victim  to  cybercriminal 
communications  directed  to  them  or  unauthorized  access  to  sensitive  customer  data.  Cybercriminals  can  use 
fraudulent  schemes  directly  targeting  our  customers  or  our  own  systems  to  compromise  and  directly  extract 
funds  from  a  customer’s  account  or  access  sensitive  customer  data.  Certain  technology  protections  such  as 
Customer  Profiling  and  Step-Up  Authentications  are  implemented  so  that  we  are  compliant  with  the  FFIEC 
Authentication and Access to Financial Institution Services and Systems guidelines.

As  cyber  threats  continue  to  evolve,  we  may  be  required  to  expend  significant  additional  resources  to 
continue  to  modify  or  enhance  our  layers  of  defense,  to  investigate  and  remediate  any  information  security 
vulnerabilities  internally,  to  assess  and  mitigate  issues  associated  with  customers  that  have  fallen  victim  to 
fraudulent  schemes,  and  perform  additional  due  diligence  with  respect  to  our  third-party  vendors.  System 
enhancements  and  updates  may  also  create  risks  associated  with  implementing  new  systems  and  integrating 
them with existing ones. Due to the complexity and interconnectedness of information technology systems, the 
process  of  enhancing  our  layers  of  defense  can  itself  create  a  risk  of  system  disruptions  and  security  issues.  In 
addition,  addressing  certain  information  security  vulnerabilities,  such  as  hardware-based  vulnerabilities,  may 
affect  the  performance  of  our  information  technology  systems.  The  ability  of  our  hardware  and  software 
providers to deliver patches and updates to mitigate vulnerabilities in a timely manner can introduce additional 
risks,  particularly  when  a  vulnerability  is  being  actively  exploited  by  threat  actors.  Cyber-attacks  against  the 
patches themselves have also proven to be a significant risk that companies will have to address going forward.

Despite  our  efforts  to  prevent  a  cyber-attack,  a  successful  cyber-attack  could  persist  for  an  extended 
period of time before being detected, and, following detection, could take considerable time for us to obtain full 
and  reliable  information  about  the  cybersecurity  incident  and  the  extent,  amount  and  type  of  information 
compromised. During the course of an investigation, we may not necessarily know the full effects of the incident 
or how to remediate it, and actions and decisions that are taken or made in an effort to mitigate risk may further 
increase the costs and other negative consequences of the incident. Moreover, new regulations may require us to 
disclose information about a cybersecurity event before it has been resolved or fully investigated.

The techniques used by cyber criminals change frequently, may not be recognized until launched and can 
be  initiated  from  a  variety  of  sources,  including  terrorist  organizations  and  hostile  foreign  governments.  These 
actors  may  attempt  to  fraudulently  induce  employees,  customers  or  other  third-party  users  of  our  systems  to 
disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to data or our systems. In the event that a cyber-attack is 
successful, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected. For a discussion 
of the guidance that regulators have released regarding cybersecurity and cyber risk management standards, see 
the “Regulation and Supervision” section of Item 1.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 26

We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business. 

Any  failure,  interruption  or  breach  in  the  security  of  our  communication  and  information  systems, 
including  due  to  cyber-attacks  or  our  failure  to  adequately  maintain  and  manage  our  systems  or  implement 
system  changes  and  upgrades,  could  result  in  failures  or  disruptions  in  our  customer  relationship  management, 
general ledger, deposit, loan and other systems. Although our policies and procedures are designed to prevent or 
limit the effect of the possible failure, interruption or security breach of our information systems, there can be 
no  assurance  that  these  policies  and  procedures  will  be  successful  and  that  any  such  failure,  interruption  or 
security breach will not occur or, if they do occur, that they will be adequately addressed. The occurrence of any 
failure,  interruption  or  security  breach  of  our  information  systems  could  require  us  to  devote  substantial 
resources to recovery and response efforts, damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject 
us  to  additional  regulatory  scrutiny  or  expose  us  to  civil  litigation  and  possible  financial  liability.  Although  we 
maintain insurance coverage for information security events, we may incur losses as a result of such events that 
are not insured against or not fully covered by our insurance.

We rely on third parties for the performance of a significant portion of our information technology.

We  rely  on  third  parties  for  the  performance  of  a  significant  portion  of  our  information  technology 
functions and the provision of information technology and business process services including, but not limited to, 
the operation of our data communications networks, hosted services, and a wide range of other support services. 
The success of our business depends in part on the continuing ability of third parties to perform these functions 
and services in a timely and satisfactory manner, which performance could be disrupted or otherwise adversely 
affected  due  to  failures  or  other  information  security  events  originating  at  the  third  parties  or  at  the  third 
parties’  suppliers  or  vendors  (so-called  “fourth  party  risk”).  We  may  not  be  able  to  effectively  monitor  or 
mitigate third or fourth-party risk, in particular as it relates to the use of common suppliers or vendors by the 
third  parties  that  perform  functions  and  services  for  us.  If  we  experience  a  disruption  in  the  provision  of  any 
functions or services performed by third parties, we may have difficulty in finding alternate providers on terms 
favorable to us and in reasonable time frames. If these services are not performed in a satisfactory manner, we 
would  not  be  able  to  adequately  serve  our  customers.  In  either  situation,  our  business  could  incur  significant 
costs and be adversely affected.

We  are  exposed  to  reputational  risk  and  the  risk  of  damage  to  our  brands  and  the  brands  of  our 

affiliates.

Our success and results depend on our reputation and the strength of our brands. We are vulnerable to 
adverse  market  perception  as  we  operate  in  an  industry  where  integrity,  customer  trust  and  confidence  are 
paramount. We are exposed to the risk that litigation, employee misconduct, operational failures, the outcome 
of  regulatory  or  other  investigations  or  actions,  press  speculation  and  negative  publicity,  perception  of  our 
environmental, social and governance practices and disclosures, among other factors, could damage our brands 
or reputation. Our brands and reputation could also be harmed if we sell products or services that do not perform 
as expected or customers’ expectations for the product are not satisfied.

Unpredictable catastrophic events, including pandemics, terrorist attacks, extreme weather events 
and  other  large-scale  catastrophes,  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  position  and 
results of operations. 

The occurrence of catastrophic events, including pandemics, terrorists attacks, extreme weather events, 
such as hurricanes, tropical storms, or tornadoes, and other large-scale catastrophes could adversely affect our 
business, financial condition or results of operations. Such events could affect the stability of our deposit base, 
impair the ability of our borrowers to repay outstanding loans, impair the value of collateral securing loans, and 
cause significant property damage or operational disruptions, resulting in loss of revenue or causing us to incur 
additional expenses.

Furthermore,  although  we  maintain  both  business  continuity  and  disaster  recovery  plans,  if  a  terrorist 
attack, extreme weather event, or other catastrophe rendered our production and recovery data unusable, there 
can be no assurance that these plans and related capabilities will adequately protect us from such events, and 
our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

While the U.S. economy has generally recovered since the onset of the COVID disruption, a resurgence of 
pandemic  conditions  could  reintroduce,  or  intensify,  these  impacts  and  adversely  affect  our  business,  financial 
condition and results of operations, as well as our liquidity and capital profile.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 27

The  effects  of  geopolitical  instability  may  adversely  affect  us  and  create  significant  risks  and 
uncertainties  for  our  business,  with  the  ultimate  impact  dependent  on  future  developments,  which  are 
highly uncertain and unpredictable.

Ongoing  geopolitical  instability,  such  as  the  wars  in  Ukraine  and  the  Middle  East,  has  negatively 
impacted, and could in the future negatively impact, the global and U.S. economies, including by causing supply 
chain disruptions, rising prices for oil and other commodities, volatility in capital markets and foreign currency 
exchange  rates,  rising  interest  rates  and  heightened  cybersecurity  risks.  The  extent  to  which  such  geopolitical 
instability  adversely  affects  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations,  as  well  as  our  liquidity 
and capital profile, will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and unpredictable, including 
the extent and duration of the wars and the associated immeasurable humanitarian toll inflicted as a result. If 
geopolitical instability adversely affects us, it may also have the effect of heightening other risks related to our 
business.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Any  deterioration  in  national  economic  conditions  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 

business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Our business is affected by national economic conditions, as well as perceptions of those conditions and 
future economic prospects. Changes in such economic conditions are not predictable and cannot be controlled. 
Adverse  economic  conditions,  such  as  recent  inflationary  pressures,  could  require  us  to  charge  off  a  higher 
percentage  of  loans  and  increase  the  provision  for  credit  losses,  which  would  reduce  our  net  income  and 
otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in an industry that is highly competitive, which could result in losing business or margin 

declines and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

We operate in a highly competitive industry, which could become even more competitive as a result of 
legislative,  regulatory  and  technological  changes,  as  well  as  continued  consolidation.  We  face  aggressive 
competition from other domestic and foreign lending institutions and from numerous other providers of financial 
services, including non-banking financial institutions that are not subject to the same regulatory restrictions as 
banks  and  BHCs,  securities  firms  and  insurance  companies,  and  competitors  that  may  have  greater  financial 
resources.

With respect to non-banking financial institutions, technology and other changes have lowered barriers to 
entry  and  made  it  possible  for  non-banks  to  offer  products  and  services  traditionally  provided  by  banks.  For 
example,  consumers  can  maintain  funds  that  would  have  historically  been  held  as  bank  deposits  in  brokerage 
accounts  or  mutual  funds.  Consumers  can  also  complete  transactions  such  as  paying  bills  and/or  transferring 
funds  directly  without  the  assistance  of  banks.  In  addition,  the  emergence,  adoption  and  evolution  of  new 
technologies  that  do  not  require  intermediation,  including  distributed  ledgers  such  as  digital  assets  and 
blockchain,  as  well  as  advances  in  robotic  process  automation,  could  significantly  affect  the  competition  for 
financial services. The process of eliminating banks as intermediaries, known as “disintermediation,” could result 
in the loss of fee income, as well as the loss of customer deposits and the related income generated from those 
deposits.  Some  of  our  non-bank  competitors  are  not  subject  to  the  same  extensive  regulations  we  are  and, 
therefore,  may  have  greater  flexibility  in  competing  for  business.  As  a  result  of  these  and  other  sources  of 
competition,  we  could  lose  business  to  competitors  or  be  forced  to  price  products  and  services  on  less 
advantageous terms to retain or attract clients, either of which would adversely affect our profitability.

Climate  change  manifesting  as  physical  or  transition  risks  could  adversely  affect  our  operations, 

businesses and customers.

There  is  increasing  global  concern  over  the  risks  of  climate  change  and  related  environmental 
sustainability  matters.  The  physical  risks  of  climate  change  include  discrete  events,  such  as  flooding  and 
wildfires, and longer-term shifts in climate patterns, such as extreme heat, sea level rise, and more frequent and 
prolonged  drought.  Such  events  could  disrupt  our  operations  or  those  of  our  clients,  customers,  or  service 
providers,  including  through  direct  damage  to  assets  and  indirect  impacts  from  supply  chain  disruption  and 
market volatility. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 28

We  are  also  exposed  to  risks  associated  with  the  transition  to  a  lower-carbon  economy  in  response  to 
concerns  around  climate  change.  Such  risks  may  result  from  changes  in  policies,  laws  and  regulations, 
technologies,  or  market  preferences  that  are  intended  to  address  climate  change.  These  changes  could 
materially  and  negatively  impact  our  or  our  customers’  business,  results  of  operations,  financial  condition  and 
reputation. This could occur as a result of our or our customers’ involvement in, or decision not to participate in, 
certain industries or projects associated with exacerbating climate change, as well as any decisions we make to 
continue  to  conduct  or  change  our  activities  in  response  to  considerations  related  to  climate  change.  Ongoing 
legislative or regulatory uncertainties and changes regarding climate risk management and practices may result 
in higher regulatory, compliance, credit and reputational risks and costs.

The conditions of other financial institutions or of the financial services industry could adversely 

affect our operations and financial condition. 

Financial  services  institutions  are  typically  interconnected  as  a  result  of  trading,  investment,  liquidity 
management, clearing, counterparty and other relationships. Within the financial services industry, the default 
by  any  one  institution  could  lead  to  defaults  by  other  institutions.  Concerns  about,  or  a  default  by,  one 
institution  could  lead  to  significant  market  and  customer  perception  of  the  risk  of  similar  problems  at  other 
institutions.  This  perception  of  risk  could,  in  and  of  itself,  lead  to  adverse  impacts  on  liquidity.  Liquidity 
problems and losses or defaults by other institutions, as the financial soundness of financial institutions is closely 
related  as  a  result  of  these  credit,  trading,  clearing  and  other  relationships.  Even  the  perceived  lack  of 
creditworthiness of, or questions about, a counterparty may lead to market-wide liquidity problems and losses or 
defaults by various institutions. This systemic risk may adversely affect financial intermediaries, such as clearing 
agencies,  banks  and  exchanges  with  which  we  interact  on  a  daily  basis,  or  key  funding  providers  such  as  the 
FHLBs, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our access to liquidity or otherwise have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Regulations Governing Our Industry

As  a  financial  holding  company  and  a  bank  holding  company,  we  are  subject  to  comprehensive 

regulation that could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

As  a  FHC  and  a  BHC,  we  are  subject  to  comprehensive  regulation,  supervision  and  examination  by  the 
FRB.  In  addition,  CBNA  is  subject  to  comprehensive  regulation,  supervision  and  examination  by  the  OCC.  Our 
regulators supervise us through regular examinations and other means that allow them to gauge management’s 
ability  to  identify,  assess  and  control  risk  in  all  areas  of  operations  in  a  safe  and  sound  manner  and  to  ensure 
compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  In  the  course  of  their  supervision  and  examinations,  our  regulators  may 
require improvements in various areas. We may be required to devote substantial resources to meet supervisory 
expectations  or  remediate  supervisory  findings.    In  addition,  the  failure  to  meet  supervisory  expectations  can 
result  in  practical  limitations  on  the  ability  of  a  bank,  BHC  or  FHC  to  engage  in  new  activities,  pursue  growth 
opportunities,  engage  in  acquisitions,  return  capital  to  shareholders  through  repurchases  or  dividends,  or 
continue  to  conduct  existing  activities.  If  we  are  unable  to  implement  and  maintain  any  required  actions  in  a 
timely  and  effective  manner,  we  could  become  subject  to  informal  (nonpublic)  or  formal  (public)  supervisory 
actions and public enforcement orders that could lead to significant restrictions on our existing business or on our 
ability to engage in any new business. Such forms of supervisory action could include, without limitation, written 
agreements, cease and desist orders, and consent orders and may, among other things, result in restrictions on 
our ability to pay dividends, requirements to increase capital, restrictions on our activities, the imposition of civil 
monetary penalties, and enforcement of such actions through injunctions or restraining orders. We could also be 
required to dispose of certain assets and liabilities within a prescribed period. The terms of any such supervisory 
or  enforcement  action  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.

We are a BHC that has elected to become a FHC pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act. FHCs are 
allowed to engage in certain financial activities in which a BHC is not otherwise permitted to engage. However, 
to  maintain  FHC  status,  a  BHC  and  all  of  its  depository  institution  subsidiaries  must  be  “well  capitalized”  and 
“well managed.” If a BHC ceases to meet these capital and management requirements, there are many penalties 
it would be faced with, including the imposition of limitations or conditions on the conduct of its activities by the 
FRB,  as  well  as  the  inability  to  undertake  any  of  the  broader  financial  activities  permissible  for  FHCs  or  to 
acquire a company engaged in such financial activities without prior approval of the FRB. If a company does not 
return  to  compliance  within  180  days,  which  period  may  be  extended,  the  FRB  may  require  divestiture  of  the 
company’s  depository  institutions.  If  we  fail  to  meet  FHC  requirements  and  remediate  deficiencies  in  a  timely 
manner, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 29

Our regulators may impose restrictions or limitations on our operations.

From  time  to  time,  bank  regulatory  agencies  take  supervisory  actions  that  restrict  or  limit  a  financial 
institution’s activities and lead it to raise capital or subject it to other requirements. In addition, as part of our 
regular  examination  process,  our  regulators  may  advise  us  to  conduct  significant  remediation  activities  or 
operate  under  various  restrictions  as  a  prudential  matter.  Any  such  actions  or  restrictions,  if  and  in  whatever 
manner  imposed,  could  adversely  affect  our  costs  and  revenues.  Moreover,  efforts  to  comply  with  any  such 
nonpublic  supervisory  actions  or  restrictions  may  require  material  investments  in  additional  resources  and 
systems,  as  well  as  a  significant  commitment  of  managerial  time  and  attention.  As  a  result,  such  supervisory 
actions or restrictions, if and in whatever manner imposed, could have a material adverse effect on our business 
and results of operations.

The regulatory environment in which we operate continues to be subject to significant and evolving 

regulatory requirements that could have a material adverse effect on our business and earnings. 

We  are  heavily  regulated  by  multiple  banking,  consumer  protection,  securities  and  other  regulatory 
authorities  at  the  federal  and  state  levels.  This  regulatory  oversight  is  primarily  established  to  protect 
depositors, the DIF, consumers of financial products, and the financial system as a whole, not for the protection 
of  shareholders  or  other  investors.  Changes  to  statutes,  regulations,  rules  or  policies,  including  their 
interpretation, implementation or enforcement, could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways, including 
by, for example, subjecting us to additional costs, limiting the types of financial services and other products we 
may  offer,  limiting  our  ability  to  pursue  acquisitions  and  increasing  the  ability  of  third  parties,  including  non-
banks,  to  offer  competing  financial  services  and  products.  In  recent  years,  we,  together  with  the  rest  of  the 
financial  services  industry,  have  faced  particularly  intense  scrutiny,  with  many  new  regulatory  initiatives  and 
vigorous  oversight  and  enforcement  on  the  part  of  numerous  regulatory  and  governmental  authorities. 
Legislatures  and  regulators  have  pursued  a  broad  array  of  initiatives  intended  to  promote  the  safety  and 
soundness of financial institutions, financial market stability, the transparency and liquidity of financial markets, 
and  consumer  and  investor  protection.  Certain  regulators  and  law  enforcement  authorities  have  also  recently 
required  admissions  of  wrongdoing  and,  in  some  cases,  criminal  pleas  as  part  of  the  resolutions  of  matters 
brought  by  them  against  financial  institutions.  Any  such  resolution  of  a  matter  involving  us  could  lead  to 
increased  exposure  to  civil  litigation,  could  adversely  affect  our  reputation,  could  result  in  penalties  or 
limitations on our ability to do business or engage in certain activities and could have other negative effects. In 
addition,  a  single  event  or  issue  may  give  rise  to  numerous  and  overlapping  investigations  and  proceedings, 
including by multiple federal and state regulators and other governmental authorities.

We are also subject to laws and regulations relating to the privacy of the information of our customers, 
employees, counterparties and others, and any failure to comply with these laws and regulations could expose us 
to liability and/or reputational damage. As new privacy-related laws and regulations are implemented, the time 
and resources needed for us to comply with those laws and regulations, as well as our potential liability for non-
compliance and our reporting obligations in the case of data breaches, may significantly increase.

While there have been significant revisions to the laws and regulations applicable to us that have been 
finalized in recent years, there are other rules to implement changes that have yet to be proposed or enacted by 
our  regulators.  The  final  timing,  scope  and  impact  of  these  changes  to  the  regulatory  framework  applicable  to 
financial institutions remains uncertain. For more information on regulations to which we are subject and recent 
initiatives to reform financial institution regulation, see the “Regulation and Supervision” section in Item 1.

We are subject to capital adequacy and liquidity standards, and if we fail to meet these standards 

our financial condition and operations would be adversely affected. 

We are subject to several capital adequacy and liquidity standards. To the extent that we are unable to 
meet  these  standards,  our  ability  to  make  distributions  of  capital  will  be  limited  and  we  may  be  subject  to 
additional  supervisory  actions  and  limitations  on  our  activities.  See  “Regulation  and  Supervision”  in  Item  1  and 
the  “Capital  and  Regulatory  Requirements”  and  “Liquidity”  sections  in  Item  7,  for  further  discussion  of  the 
regulations to which we are subject.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 30

The Parent Company could be required to act as a “source of strength” to CBNA, which would have 

a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

FRB  policy  historically  required  BHCs  to  act  as  a  source  of  financial  and  managerial  strength  to  their 
subsidiary  banks.  The  Dodd-Frank  Act  codified  this  policy  as  a  statutory  requirement.  This  support  may  be 
required  by  the  FRB  at  times  when  we  might  otherwise  determine  not  to  provide  it  or  when  doing  so  is  not 
otherwise in the interests of CFG or our stockholders or creditors, and may include one or more of the following:

•

•

•

The Parent Company may be compelled to contribute capital to CBNA, including by engaging in a public 
offering to raise such capital. Furthermore, any extensions of credit from the Parent Company to CBNA 
that are included in CBNA’s capital would be subordinate in right of payment to depositors and certain 
other indebtedness of CBNA.
In  the  event  of  a  BHC’s  bankruptcy,  any  commitment  that  the  BHC  had  been  required  to  make  to  a 
federal  bank  regulatory  agency  to  maintain  the  capital  of  a  subsidiary  bank  will  be  assumed  by  the 
bankruptcy trustee and entitled to priority of payment.
In  the  event  of  impairment  of  the  capital  stock  of  CBNA,  the  Parent  Company,  as  CBNA’s  stockholder, 
could be required to pay such deficiency.

The  Parent  Company  depends  on  CBNA  for  substantially  all  of  its  revenue,  and  restrictions  on 

dividends and other distributions by CBNA could affect its liquidity and ability to fulfill our obligations.

As a BHC, the Parent Company is a separate and distinct legal entity from CBNA, our banking subsidiary. 
The Parent Company typically receives substantially all of its revenue from dividends from CBNA. These dividends 
are the principal source of funds to pay dividends on our equity and interest and principal on our debt. Various 
federal and/or state laws and regulations, as well as regulatory expectations, limit the amount of dividends that 
CBNA may pay to the Parent Company. Also, our right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary’s 
liquidation  or  reorganization  is  subject  to  the  prior  claims  of  the  subsidiary’s  creditors.  In  the  event  CBNA  is 
unable  to  pay  dividends  to  the  Parent  Company,  it  may  not  be  able  to  service  debt,  pay  obligations  or  pay 
dividends  on  its  common  stock.  The  inability  to  receive  dividends  from  CBNA  could  have  a  material  adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See the “Regulation and Supervision” section 
in Item 1 and the “Capital and Regulatory Matters” section in Item 7.

From time-to-time, we may become or are subject to regulatory actions that may have a material 

impact on our business.

We  may  become  or  are  involved,  from  time  to  time,  in  reviews,  investigations  and  proceedings  (both 
formal  and  informal)  by  governmental  and  self-regulatory  agencies  regarding  our  business.  These  regulatory 
actions  involve  accounting,  compliance  and  operational  matters,  among  others,  some  of  which  may  result  in 
adverse  judgments,  settlements,  fines,  penalties,  injunctions  or  other  relief  that  may  require  changes  to  our 
business or otherwise materially impact our business.

In regulatory actions, such as those referred to above, it is inherently difficult to determine whether any 
loss is probable or whether it is possible to reasonably estimate the amount of any loss. We cannot predict with 
certainty if, how or when such proceedings will be resolved or what the eventual fine, penalty or other relief, 
conditions or restrictions, if any, may be, particularly for actions that are in their early stages of investigation. 
We may be required to make significant restitution payments to CBNA customers arising from certain compliance 
issues  and  also  may  be  required  to  pay  civil  money  penalties  in  connection  with  certain  of  these  issues.  This 
uncertainty  makes  it  difficult  to  estimate  probable  losses  which,  in  turn,  can  lead  to  substantial  disparities 
between the reserves we may establish for such proceedings and the eventual settlements, fines, or penalties. 
Adverse regulatory actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results 
of operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 31

We are and may be subject to litigation that may have a material impact on our business.

Our operations are diverse and complex and we operate in legal and regulatory environments that expose 
us to potentially significant litigation risk. In the normal course of business, we have been named, from time to 
time, as a defendant in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation, arising in 
connection  with  our  activities  as  a  financial  services  institution,  including  with  respect  to  alleged  unfair  or 
deceptive  business  practices,  mis-selling  of  certain  products,  violations  of  contract  or  intellectual  property 
rights,  and  other  compliance  or  operational  failures.  Certain  of  the  actual  or  threatened  legal  actions  include 
claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. In 
some  cases,  the  entities  that  would  otherwise  be  the  primary  defendants  in  such  cases  are  bankrupt  or  in 
financial  distress.  Moreover,  a  number  of  recent  judicial  decisions  have  upheld  the  right  of  borrowers  to  sue 
lending  institutions  on  the  basis  of  various  evolving  legal  theories,  collectively  termed  “lender  liability.” 
Generally, lender liability is founded on the premise that a lender has either violated a duty, whether implied or 
contractual,  of  good  faith  and  fair  dealing  owed  to  the  borrower  or  has  assumed  a  degree  of  control  over  the 
borrower resulting in the creation of a fiduciary duty owed to the borrower or its other creditors or stockholders. 
This  could  increase  the  amount  of  private  litigation  to  which  we  are  subject.  For  more  information  regarding 
ongoing significant legal proceedings in which we may be involved, see Note 19 in Item 8.

Compliance with anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing rules involves significant cost 

and effort. 

We  are  subject  to  rules  and  regulations  regarding  money  laundering  and  the  financing  of  terrorism. 
Monitoring  compliance  with  anti-money  laundering  and  anti-terrorism  financing  rules  can  put  a  significant 
financial burden on banks and other financial institutions and poses significant technical challenges. Although we 
believe  our  current  policies  and  procedures  are  sufficient  to  comply  with  applicable  rules  and  regulations,  we 
cannot guarantee that our anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing policies and procedures completely 
prevent  situations  of  money  laundering  or  terrorism  financing.  Any  such  failure  events  may  have  severe 
consequences,  including  sanctions,  fines  and  reputational  consequences,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. 

Risks Related to our Common Stock 

Our stock price may be volatile, and you could lose all or part of your investment as a result.

You should consider an investment in our common stock to be risky, and you should invest in our common 
stock  only  if  you  can  withstand  a  significant  loss  and  wide  fluctuation  in  the  market  value  of  your  investment. 
The market price of our common stock could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to, among other things, 
the  factors  described  in  this  “Risk  Factors”  section,  and  other  factors,  some  of  which  are  beyond  our  control. 
These factors include:

•

•

•

•
•
•
•
•
•

quarterly  variations  in  our  results  of  operations  or  the  quarterly  financial  results  of  companies 
perceived to be similar to us;
changes  in  expectations  as  to  our  future  financial  performance,  including  financial  estimates  by 
securities analysts and investors;
our  announcements  or  our  competitors’  announcements  regarding  new  products  or  services, 
enhancements, significant contracts, acquisitions or strategic investments;
fluctuations in the market valuations of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us;
failures of financial institutions perceived to be similar to us;
future sales of our common stock;
additions or departures of members of our senior management or other key personnel;
changes in industry conditions or perceptions; and
changes in applicable laws, rules or regulations and other dynamics.

Furthermore, the stock markets have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have affected and 
continue to affect the market price of equity securities of many companies. These fluctuations have often been 
unrelated  or  disproportionate  to  the  operating  performance  of  these  companies.  These  broad  market 
fluctuations, as well as general economic, systemic, political and market conditions, such as recessions, loss of 
investor  confidence,  interest  rate  changes  or  international  currency  fluctuations,  may  negatively  affect  the 
market price of our common stock.

If any of the foregoing occurs, it could cause our stock price to fall and may expose us to securities class 

action litigation that, even if unsuccessful, could be costly to defend and a distraction to management.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 32

We may not repurchase shares or pay cash dividends on our common stock.

Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our Board may declare out of 
funds legally available for such payments. Although we have historically declared cash dividends on our common 
stock, we are not required to do so and may reduce or eliminate our common stock dividend in the future, which 
could  adversely  affect  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock.  Also,  as  a  BHC,  our  ability  to  repurchase  shares 
and declare and pay dividends is dependent on certain federal regulatory considerations, including the rules of 
the  FRB  regarding  capital  adequacy  and  dividends.  Additionally,  we  are  also  generally  required  to  receive  the 
FRB’s  approval  for  any  dividends,  share  repurchases,  or  redemption  of  capital  securities  if  we  are  required  to 
resubmit our capital plan. Further, if we are unable to satisfy the capital requirements applicable to us for any 
reason, we may be limited in our ability to repurchase shares and declare and pay dividends on our capital stock. 
See the “Regulation and Supervision” section in Item 1 and the “Capital and Regulatory Matters” section in Item 
7 for further discussion of the regulations to which we are subject.

“Anti-takeover” provisions and the regulations to which we are subject may make it more difficult 
for a third party to acquire control of us, even if the change in control would be beneficial to stockholders.

We  are  a  BHC  incorporated  in  the  state  of  Delaware.  Anti-takeover  provisions  in  Delaware  law  and  our 
restated  certificate  of  incorporation  and  amended  and  restated  bylaws,  as  well  as  regulatory  approvals  that 
would be required under federal law, could make it more difficult for a third party to take control of us and may 
prevent  stockholders  from  receiving  a  premium  for  their  shares  of  our  common  stock.  These  provisions  could 
adversely affect the market price of our common stock and could reduce the amount that stockholders might get 
if we are sold.

Furthermore,  banking  laws  impose  notice,  approval  and  ongoing  regulatory  requirements  on  any 
stockholder  or  other  party  that  seeks  to  acquire  direct  or  indirect  “control”  of  an  FDIC-insured  depository 
institution. These laws include the Bank Holding Company Act and the Change in Bank Control Act.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Risk Management and Strategy

The Company’s Cybersecurity Program (“CSP”) drives an end-to-end, continuous process that protects our 
customers,  colleagues,  assets,  premises,  systems,  and  information  (electronic  and  non-electronic),  and  is 
designed  to  ensure  compliance  with  current  and  emerging  federal  and  state  laws  and  regulations.  The  CSP  is 
designed to ensure the effective implementation of the Corporate Security and Resilience Operating Model across 
all business lines of the Company and is under the supervision of the Chief Security Officer (“CSO”).

Non-Financial Risk Management coordinates the development, maintenance, and day-to-day oversight of 
the  Company’s  Enterprise  Risk  Management  Governance  Framework  (“the  Framework”),  which  defines  an 
integrated enterprise-wide approach to risk management. This centrally managed program is designed to ensure 
that  all  business  lines  play  a  role  in  the  successful  implementation  of  the  CSP.  The  CSP  aligns  with  the 
Framework, enabling the CSO to provide risk oversight to and drive accountability from the business lines.

The CSP is designed to assess and mitigate threats and risks to the Company. New and emerging threats 
are  assessed  through  an  intelligence  lifecycle,  which  includes  threat  modeling.  In  addition,  risk  assessment 
processes drive risk identification and measurement related to security. Once risks are identified and measured, 
the Framework is leveraged to track and mitigate them. Control testing is utilized to demonstrate that risks are 
managed effectively, identify gaps in expected control operation, and develop appropriate remediation plans, in 
order to manage risk to the Company within tolerable limits.

As part of the Company’s Third Party Risk Management Program and in support of the CSP, reviews for 
cybersecurity,  business  continuity,  fraud,  and  other  policy-related  topics  are  performed  for  the  onboarding  of 
new  vendors  and  ongoing  monitoring  of  existing  vendors.  Ratings  assigned  to  a  vendor  determine  review 
frequency and scope. Results are reported to key stakeholders and identified issues are tracked and monitored.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 33

The Company regularly reviews the nature of its business activities and modifies the CSP as appropriate. 
Many of the elements of the CSP are cyber defense related and are in place to reduce our risk to a wide range of 
potential cyber threats that may target our assets and information daily. The effectiveness of the CSP is assessed 
and measured periodically by various lines of defense within the Company and is conducted primarily through risk 
assessments, assurance testing, and an independent audit. External organizations are also routinely engaged to 
assess  our  CSP  and  test  our  perimeter  defenses.  The  effectiveness  of  the  CSP  is  reported  periodically  to  the 
appropriate governance committees.

Governance

Under  the  guidance  of  our  CSO,  we  maintain  a  comprehensive  CSP  designed  to  protect  our  employees, 
customers,  assets,  premises,  systems,  and  information  against  unauthorized  access,  misuse,  alteration,  or 
destruction  that  could  result  in  substantial  harm  or  inconvenience  to  our  customers,  and  loss  or  reputational 
damage.  The  CSP  incorporates  all  of  our  security  policies  and  covers  the  core  elements  of  access  control, 
infrastructure security, cybersecurity event and incident management, data protection, third-party vendor cyber 
risk oversight, payment security, and training and awareness. Independent assessment and benchmarking of the 
CSP  are  regularly  completed,  and  the  CSP  is  reviewed  and  assessed  by  federal  regulators.  While  we  look  to 
numerous  frameworks  to  ensure  the  CSP  is  maintained  in  line  with  regulatory  expectations  and  industry  best 
practices,  the  National  Institute  of  Standards  and  Technology  cybersecurity  framework  is  the  primary  standard 
against which we benchmark ourselves.

Both  the  Risk  and  Audit  Committees  have  oversight  of  the  management  of  our  cybersecurity  risk.  The 
Audit  Committee  is  responsible  for  overseeing  the  CSP  under  its  risk  oversight  responsibilities  as  it  relates  to 
financial  controls.  The  Risk  Committee  is  responsible  for  oversight  of  the  management  of  cybersecurity  risk 
consistent with the Framework.

The  CSP  is  presented  by  the  CSO  to  the  Risk  Committee  annually  for  approval  in  conjunction  with  an 
annual cybersecurity briefing. This briefing provides an overall assessment of the effectiveness of the CSP and an 
outlook  for  the  upcoming  year.  In  addition  to  the  annual  cybersecurity  briefing,  the  CSO  provides  updates  on 
cybersecurity to the Risk Committee at each of its meetings. The Audit Committee and Board also receive regular 
cybersecurity  updates  as  part  of  the  reporting  provided  by  the  Technology/Cyber  Oversight  Committee,  a 
management  committee  chaired  by  the  CEO  which  provides  executive  oversight,  guidance  and  transparency  to 
key transformative initiatives designed to enhance our technology stability, cyber defenses and risk management 
capabilities. Further, to ensure the Board maintains the appropriate knowledge for providing effective oversight, 
it  is  provided  with  relevant  cybersecurity  training  on  an  annual  basis,  with  any  additional  training  provided  as 
requested.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

We  lease  five  operations  centers  in  Boston,  Medford,  and  Westwood,  Massachusetts;  Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania; and Glen Allen, Virginia. We own two principal operations centers in Johnston and East Providence, 
Rhode Island. At December 31, 2023, our subsidiaries owned and operated a total of 60 facilities and leased an 
additional 1,193 facilities. We believe our current facilities are adequate to meet our needs. See Note 7 and Note 
9 in Item 8 for more information regarding our premises and equipment, and leases, respectively.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Information  required  by  this  item  is  presented  in  Note  19  in  Item  8  and  is  incorporated  herein  by 

reference.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM  5.  MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND  ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “CFG.” As of February 1, 
2024, our common stock was owned by 7,086 holders of record (including Cede & Co.) and approximately 445,000 
beneficial shareholders whose shares were held in “street name” through a broker or bank. Information relating 
to compensation plans under which our equity securities are authorized for issuance is presented in Item 12.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 34

The  following  graph  compares  the  cumulative  total  stockholder  returns  for  our  performance  during  the 
five-year period ended December 31,  2023 relative  to the performance of the Standard & Poor’s 500® index, a 
commonly referenced U.S. equity benchmark consisting of leading companies from diverse economic sectors; the 
KBW Nasdaq Bank Index (“BKX”), composed of 24 leading national money centers, regional banks and thrifts; and 
a  group  of  other  banks  that  constitute  our  peer  regional  banks.  The  graph  assumes  a  $100  investment  at  the 
closing  price  on  December  31,  2018  in  each  of  CFG  common  stock,  the  S&P  500  index,  the  BKX  and  the  peer 
market-capitalization weighted average and assumes all dividends were reinvested on the date paid. The points 
on  the  graph  represent  the  fiscal  quarter-end  amounts  based  on  the  last  trading  day  in  each  subsequent  fiscal 
quarter.

This  graph  shall  not  be  deemed  “soliciting  material”  or  be  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission  for  purposes  of  Section  18  of  the  Exchange  Act,  or  otherwise  subject  to  the  liabilities  under  that 
Section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

CFG

S&P 500 Index

KBW BKX Index

Peer Regional Bank Average

12/31/2023

12/31/2022 12/31/2021 12/31/2020 12/31/2019 12/31/2018

$140   

$157   

$181   

$132   

$142   

$100 

207   

132   

133   

164   

133   

134   

200   

169   

162   

156   

122   

120   

131   

136   

134   

100 

100 

100 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 35

CFGS&P 500 IndexBKX IndexPeer Bank Average12/31/1812/31/1912/31/2012/31/2112/31/2212/31/23$60$80$100$120$140$160$180$200$220 
 
 
 
Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities

Details of the repurchases of the Company’s common stock during the three months ended December 31, 

2023 are included below:

Period

October 1, 2023 - October 31, 2023

November 1, 2023 - November 30, 2023

December 1, 2023 - December 31, 2023

Total Number of 
Shares 
Repurchased(1)
329

335

691

Average 
Price Paid 
Per Share

$16.82

$23.43

$12.41

Total Number of 
Shares Purchased as 
Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans or 
Programs(2)
—

Maximum Dollar Amount of 
Shares That May Yet Be 
Purchased as Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans or Programs(2)
$1,094,000,058

—

—

$1,094,000,058

$1,094,000,058

(1) Reflects shares repurchased to satisfy applicable tax withholding obligations in connection with an employee share-based compensation plan and the forfeiture 

of unvested restricted stock awards.

(2) On February 17, 2023, the Company announced that its Board of Directors increased the capacity under its common share repurchase program by an additional 

$1.15 billion, which was incremental to the $850 million of capacity remaining as of December 31, 2022 under the prior June 2022 authorization.

Common  stock  share  repurchases  may  be  executed  in  the  open  market  or  in  privately  negotiated 
transactions,  including  under  Rule  10b5-1  plans  and  accelerated  share  repurchase  and  other  structured 
transactions.  The  timing  and  exact  amount  of  future  share  repurchases  will  be  subject  to  various  factors, 
including the Company’s capital position, financial performance, capital impacts of strategic initiatives, market 
conditions, and regulatory considerations.

ITEM 6. RESERVED

Not applicable.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 36

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Introduction     ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Financial Performance    ...........................................................................................................................................................

Results of Operations - 2023 compared with 2022     ........................................................................................................

Net Interest Income     .....................................................................................................................................................

Noninterest Income      .....................................................................................................................................................

Noninterest Expense     ...................................................................................................................................................

Provision for Credit Losses      ........................................................................................................................................

Income Tax Expense     ....................................................................................................................................................

Business Operating Segments  ....................................................................................................................................

Results of Operations - 2022 compared with 2021     ........................................................................................................

Analysis of Financial Condition   ............................................................................................................................................

Securities    ........................................................................................................................................................................

Loans and Leases   ..........................................................................................................................................................

Credit Quality    ................................................................................................................................................................

Deposits       ..........................................................................................................................................................................

Borrowed Funds   ............................................................................................................................................................

Capital and Regulatory Matters   ............................................................................................................................................

Liquidity  .....................................................................................................................................................................................

Critical Accounting Estimates    ...............................................................................................................................................

Accounting and Reporting Developments    .........................................................................................................................

Risk Governance    ......................................................................................................................................................................

Market Risk   ................................................................................................................................................................................

Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations      ........................................................................................................

Page

38

39

40

40

42

42

43

43

43

44

45

45

46

48

53

53

54

58

61

63

64

66

75

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 37

INTRODUCTION

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. is one of the nation’s oldest and largest financial institutions, with $222.0 
billion in assets as of December 31, 2023. Headquartered in Providence, Rhode Island, we offer a broad range of 
retail and commercial banking products and services to individuals, small businesses, middle-market companies, 
large  corporations  and  institutions.  We  help  our  customers  reach  their  potential  by  listening  to  them  and  by 
understanding their needs in order to offer tailored advice, ideas and solutions. In Consumer Banking, we provide 
an integrated experience that includes mobile and online banking, a full-service customer contact center and the 
convenience  of  approximately  3,200  ATMs  and  more  than  1,100  branches  in  14  states  and  the  District  of 
Columbia.  Consumer  Banking  products  and  services  include  a  full  range  of  banking,  lending,  savings,  wealth 
management  and  small  business  offerings.  In  Commercial  Banking,  we  offer  a  broad  complement  of  financial 
products  and  solutions,  including  lending  and  leasing,  deposit  and  treasury  management  services,  foreign 
exchange,  interest  rate  and  commodity  risk  management  solutions,  as  well  as  loan  syndication,  corporate 
finance, merger and acquisition, and debt and equity capital markets capabilities. More information is available 
at www.citizensbank.com.

The  following  MD&A  is  intended  to  assist  readers  in  their  analysis  of  the  accompanying  Consolidated 
Financial  Statements  and  supplemental  financial  information.  It  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements  and  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  in  Item  8,  as  well  as  other 
information contained in this document.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This  document  contains  non-GAAP  financial  measures  denoted  as  “Underlying”  results  and  “including 
AOCI  impact.”  Underlying  results  for  any  given  reporting  period  exclude  certain  items  that  may  occur  in  that 
period which management does not consider indicative of our on-going financial performance. We believe these 
non-GAAP  financial  measures  provide  useful  information  to  investors  because  they  are  used  by  management  to 
evaluate  our  operating  performance  and  make  day-to-day  operating  decisions.  In  addition,  we  believe  our 
Underlying  results  in  any  given  reporting  period  reflect  our  on-going  financial  performance  in  that  period  and, 
accordingly, are useful to consider in addition to our GAAP financial results. We further believe the presentation 
of Underlying results increases comparability of period-to-period results.

Other companies may use similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures that may be calculated differently 
from the way we calculate such measures. Accordingly, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable 
to similar measures used by such companies. We caution investors not to place undue reliance on such non-GAAP 
financial measures, but to consider them with the most directly comparable GAAP measures. Non-GAAP financial 
measures have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our 
results reported under GAAP.

Non-GAAP measures are denoted throughout our MD&A by the use of the term “Underlying.” Where there 
is  a  reference  to  these  metrics  in  that  paragraph,  all  measures  that  follow  are  on  the  same  basis  when 
applicable. For more information on the computation of non-GAAP financial measures, see “Non-GAAP Financial 
Measures and Reconciliations.”

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 38

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

Key Highlights

Net  income  decreased  $465  million,  with  earnings  per  diluted  common  share  down  $0.97  to  $3.13 

compared to 2022.

Results  reflect  notable  items  of  $357  million  or  $0.75  per  diluted  common  share,  net  of  tax  benefit, 

compared to $352 million or $0.74 per diluted common share, net of tax benefit, in 2022.

Table 1: Notable Items 

(dollars in millions)

Noninterest expense

Income tax expense

(dollars in millions)

Provision for credit losses

Noninterest income

Noninterest expense

Income tax expense

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Less: notable items

Reported 
results 
(GAAP)

Integration 
related 
costs(1)

TOP and 
other(2)

FDIC special 
assessment(3)

Provision

Underlying 
results 
(non-GAAP)

$5,507   

422   

$104   

(28)   

$177   

(63)   

$225   

(58)   

$—   

—   

$5,001 

571 

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Less: notable items

Reported 
results 
(GAAP)

Integration 
related 
costs(1)

TOP and 
other(2)

FDIC special 
assessment

Provision(4)

Underlying 
results 
(non-GAAP)

$474   

2,009   

4,892   

582   

$—   

(31)   

213   

(58)   

$—   

—   

49   

(9)   

$—   

$169   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(43)   

$305 

2,040 

4,630 

692 

(1) Includes integration related costs associated with acquisitions for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, and mark-to-market losses on loans acquired 

from Investors classified as LHFS for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(2)  Includes our TOP transformational and revenue and efficiency initiatives for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, a one-time deferred tax benefit for 

the year ended December 31, 2023 and income tax impacts related to legacy tax matters for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(3)  Represents an industry-wide FDIC special assessment. For more information, see “Regulation and Supervision - Deposit Insurance” in Item 1.
(4) Includes the initial provision for credit losses tied to the HSBC transaction and Investors acquisition. As required by purchase accounting, a fair value mark for 
performing loans including both credit and interest rate components is recorded in addition to the provision for credit losses expense, thus the credit exposure 
has been “double counted.”

•

Net income available to common stockholders decreased $469 million to $1.5 billion compared to 2022.

◦

◦

On an Underlying basis, which excludes notable items, net income available to common stockholders 
of $1.8 billion compared to $2.3 billion in 2022.

On an Underlying basis, earnings per diluted common share of $3.88 compared to $4.84 in 2022.

Total  revenue  increased  $203  million  to  $8.2  billion  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  an  increase  of  4%  in  net 
interest income, including the impacts of the HSBC transaction and Investors acquisition.

The efficiency ratio of 67.0% compared to 61.0% in 2022.

◦

On an Underlying basis, the efficiency ratio of 60.8% compared to 57.5% in 2022.

•

•

•

ROTCE of 10.9% compared to 13.9% in 2022.

◦

On an Underlying basis, ROTCE of 13.5% compared to 16.4%.

•

Tangible book value per common share of $30.91 increased 11% from 2022.

For  additional  information  regarding  our  financial  performance,  see  “Results  of  Operations  —  2023 

compared with 2022” included in this report.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 39

 
 
 
 
 
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — 2023 compared with 2022 

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is our largest source of revenue and is the difference between the interest earned on 
interest-earning  assets  (generally  loans,  leases  and  investment  securities)  and  the  interest  expense  incurred  in 
connection  with  interest-bearing  liabilities  (generally  deposits  and  borrowed  funds).  The  level  of  net  interest 
income  is  primarily  a  function  of  the  difference  between  the  effective  yield  on  our  average  interest-earning 
assets and the effective cost of our interest-bearing liabilities. These factors are influenced by the pricing and 
mix  of  interest-earning  assets  and  interest-bearing  liabilities  which,  in  turn,  are  impacted  by  external  factors 
such  as  economic  conditions,  competition  for  loans  and  deposits,  the  monetary  policy  of  the  FRB  and  market 
interest rates. For further discussion, refer to “Market Risk — Non-Trading Risk” and “Risk Governance.”

Table 2: Major Components of Net Interest Income

(dollars in millions)
Assets

Interest-bearing cash and due from banks and deposits 
in banks
Taxable investment securities
Non-taxable investment securities
Total investment securities

Commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate
Leases

Total commercial
Residential mortgages
Home Equity
Automobile
Education
Other retail 

Total retail
Total loans and leases

Loans held for sale, at fair value
Other loans held for sale

Interest-earning assets
Noninterest-earning assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Checking with interest
Money market
Savings
Term

Total interest-bearing deposits

Short-term borrowed funds
Long-term borrowed funds
Total borrowed funds
Total interest-bearing liabilities

Demand deposits
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities

Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Interest rate spread
Net interest income and net interest margin
Net interest income and net interest margin, FTE(1)
Memo: Total deposits (interest-bearing and demand)

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

Change

Average
Balances

Income/
Expense

Yields/
Rates

Average
Balances

Income/
Expense

Yields/
Rates

Average
Balances

Yields/
Rates (bps)

1,305   

$8,531    $451 
39,437    1,162 
2   
— 
39,439    1,162 
48,693    2,956 
29,206    1,804 
46 
79,204    4,806 
30,660    1,052 
14,475    1,092 
429 
10,374   
621 
12,333   
489 
5,171   
73,013    3,683 
  152,217    8,489 
73 
1,160   
339   
29 
  201,686    10,204 

20,535 
  $222,221 

1,521   

 5.22 %  
 2.94 
 2.68 
 2.94 
 5.99 
 6.09 
 3.53 
 5.99 
 3.43 
 7.54 
 4.13 
 5.04 
 9.46 
 5.04 
 5.53 
 6.26 
 8.43 
 5.02 

$6,195    $128 
840 
35,639   
— 
3   
35,642   
840 
50,002    1,942 
24,746    1,026 
46 
76,269    3,014 
876 
27,759   
555 
13,057   
507 
13,729   
560 
13,047   
456 
5,483   
73,075    2,954 
  149,344    5,968 
67 
57 
  194,136    7,060 

1,767   
1,188   

20,925 
 $215,061 

  $33,960    $446 
51,178    1,494 
433 
29,266   
772 
19,320   
  133,724    3,145 
43 
746   
775 
15,853   
818 
16,599   
  150,323    3,963 

 1.31 %   $36,127    $142 
320 
 2.92 
100 
 1.48 
89 
 4.00 
651 
 2.35 
23 
 5.70 
374 
 4.86 
 4.89 
397 
  134,053    1,048 
 2.63 

48,410   
27,524   
8,330   
  120,391   
1,584   
12,078   
13,662   

41,581 
6,711 
  198,615 
23,606 
  $222,221 

51,717 
5,553 
  191,323 
23,738 
 $215,061 

  $6,241 
  $6,258 
  $175,305    $3,145 

 2.39 %
  $6,012 
 3.09 %
 3.10 %
  $6,023 
 1.79 %  $172,108    $651 

 2.04 %   $2,336 
3,798 
 2.35 
 2.33 
(1) 
3,797 
 2.35 
(1,309) 
 3.83 
4,460 
 4.09 
 3.00 
(216) 
2,935 
 3.90 
2,901 
 3.16 
1,418 
 4.25 
(3,355) 
 3.69 
(714) 
 4.29 
(312) 
 8.31 
(62) 
 4.04 
2,873 
 3.97 
(607) 
 3.77 
 4.71 
(849) 
7,550 
 3.61 
(390) 
  $7,160 

 0.39 %   ($2,167) 
2,768 
 0.66 
1,742 
 0.37 
  10,990 
 1.07 
  13,333 
 0.54 
(838) 
 1.47 
3,775 
 3.07 
2,937 
 2.88 
  16,270 
 0.78 
  (10,136) 
1,158 
7,292 
(132) 
  $7,160 

 2.83 %
 3.10 %
 3.10 %
 0.38 %   $3,197 

 318  bps

59
35
59
216
200
53
209
27
329
44
75
115
100
156
249
372
141

92
226
111
293
181
423
179
201
185

(44)
(1)
—
141

(1)  Net  interest  income  and  net  interest  margin  is  presented  on  a  FTE  basis  using  the  federal  statutory  tax  rate  of  21%.  The  FTE  impact  is  predominantly 

attributable to commercial and industrial loans for the periods presented.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 40

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net  interest  income  increased  $229  million,  or  4%,  compared  to  2022,  reflecting  stable  net  interest 
margin  and  growth  of  4%  in  average  interest-earning  assets,  including  the  impacts  of  the  HSBC  transaction  and 
Investors acquisition.

Net interest margin on a FTE basis was neutral compared to 2022, reflecting higher interest-earning asset 

growth and associated yields, offset by increased funding costs.

Average interest-earning assets increased $7.6 billion, or 4%, compared to 2022, primarily attributable to 
growth in loans and leases reflecting the impacts of the HSBC transaction and Investors acquisition, and growth in 
investments.

Average deposits increased $3.2 billion, or 2%, compared to 2022, primarily attributable to the impacts of 

the HSBC transaction and Investors acquisition.

Average  total  borrowed  funds  increased  $2.9  billion  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  an  increase  in  FHLB 

advances and secured borrowings collateralized by auto loans.  

Table 3: Changes in Net Interest Income Due to Average Volume and Average Rate

(dollars in millions)

Interest Income

Interest-bearing cash and due from banks and deposits in banks

Taxable investment securities

Non-taxable investment securities

  Total investment securities

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

     Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home Equity

Automobile

Education 

Other retail 

      Total retail

      Total loans and leases

Loans held for sale, at fair value

Other loans held for sale

Total interest income

Interest Expense

Checking with interest

Money market

Savings

Term

Total interest-bearing deposits

Short-term borrowed funds

Long-term borrowed funds

      Total borrowed funds

Total interest expense

Net interest income

Year Ended December 31,

 2023 Versus 2022

Average 
Volume(1)

Average 
Rate(1)

Net Change

$47   

91   

—   

91   

(49)   

182   

(7)   

126   

92   

60   

(124)   

(31)   

(26)   

(29)   

97   

(23)   

(41)   

$276   

231   

—   

231   

$323 

322 

— 

322 

1,063   

1,014 

596   

7   

778 

— 

1,666   

1,792 

84   

477   

46   

92   

59   

758   

176 

537 

(78) 

61 

33 

729 

2,424   

2,521 

29   

13   

6 

(28) 

$171   

$2,973   

$3,144 

($9)   

19   

7   

117   

134   

(12)   

128   

116   

250   

($79)   

$313   

1,155   

326   

566   

$304 

1,174 

333 

683 

2,360   

2,494 

32   

273   

305   

2,665   

$308   

20 

401 

421 

2,915 

$229 

(1) Volume and rate changes are allocated on a consistent basis using the respective percentage changes in average balances and average rates.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest Income

Table 4: Noninterest Income

(dollars in millions)

Service charges and fees

Capital markets fees

Card fees

Trust and investment services fees

Mortgage banking fees

Foreign exchange and derivative products

Letter of credit and loan fees

Securities gains, net
Other income(1)
Noninterest income

Year Ended 
December 31,

2023

2022

Change

Percent

$410 

$420 

319 

296 

259 

242 

183 

168 

28 

78 

368 

273 

249 

261 

188 

159 

9 

82 

($10) 

(49) 

23 

10 

(19) 

(5) 

9 

19 

(4) 

$1,983 

$2,009 

($26) 

 (2%) 

 (13) 

 8 

 4 

 (7) 

 (3) 

 6 

 211 

 (5) 

 (1%) 

(1) Includes bank-owned life insurance income and other income for all periods presented. 

The  primary  drivers  for  the  change  in  noninterest  income  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023, 

compared to 2022, are highlighted below.

•

The decline in capital markets fees reflects lower loan syndication, underwriting and M&A advisory fees.

• Mortgage  banking  fees  declined  driven  by  lower  production  and  servicing  fees  and  a  decline  in  MSR 

valuation, net of hedge impact.

•

•

•

The  decline  in  service  charges  and  fees  reflects  the  elimination  of  the  non-sufficient  funds  fee  in 
Consumer Banking.

Card fees increased given higher transaction volumes.

Trust and investment services fees reflect increased sales activity and asset management fees. 

Noninterest Expense

Table 5: Noninterest Expense

(dollars in millions)

Salaries and employee benefits

Equipment and software

Outside services

Occupancy

Other operating expense

Noninterest expense

Year Ended 
December 31,

2023

2022

Change

Percent

$2,599 

$2,549 

756 

687 

492 

973 

648 

700 

410 

585 

$50 

108 

(13) 

82 

388 

$5,507 

$4,892 

$615 

 2% 

 17 

 (2) 

 20 

 66 

 13% 

The  increase  in  noninterest  expense  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  compared  to  2022,  was 
driven  by  salaries  and  employee  benefits  reflecting  the  Private  Bank  start-up  investment,  equipment  and 
software  driven  by  software  maintenance  and  amortization  costs,  and  other  operating  expense  associated  with 
FDIC  deposit  insurance,  fraud  losses,  advertising,  and  pension  costs.  The  increase  in  FDIC  deposit  insurance 
reflects  CBNA’s  special  assessment  of  $225  million  and  an  increase  in  the  deposit  insurance  assessment  rate  of 
two  basis  points  that  commenced  with  the  first  quarterly  assessment  period  in  2023.  For  more  information 
regarding CBNA’s special assessment, see “Regulation and Supervision - Deposit Insurance” in Item 1. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for Credit Losses

The  provision  for  credit  losses  is  the  result  of  a  detailed  analysis  performed  to  estimate  our  ACL.  The 
total  provision  for  credit  losses  includes  the  provision  for  loan  and  lease  losses  and  the  provision  for  unfunded 
commitments. Refer to “Analysis of Financial Condition — Credit Quality” for more information.

Provision expense of $687 million for 2023 compares to $474 million for 2022. The provision expense for 
2023  reflects  higher  reserves  against  the  Commercial  Real  Estate  Office  portfolio  primarily  driven  by  rising 
interest rates and return to office dynamics.

Income Tax Expense

Income  tax  expense  of  $422  million  decreased  $160  million  and  our  effective  income  tax  rate  of  20.8% 
decreased  from  21.9%  compared  to  2022.  These  decreases  were  driven  by  lower  pre-tax  income,  the  favorable 
impact  of  certain  tax  matters  and  additional  benefits  from  tax-advantaged  investments,  partially  offset  by  the 
adoption of the proportional amortization method for qualified investments in tax credit structures in 2023 and 
increased non-deductible FDIC premium expense.

Business Operating Segments 

We  have  three  business  operating  segments:  Consumer  Banking,  Commercial  Banking,  and  Non-Core. 
During  the  third  quarter  of  2023,  our  indirect  auto  and  certain  purchased  consumer  loan  portfolios  were 
transferred  from  the  Consumer  Banking  segment  into  a  new  Non-Core  segment  to  reflect  the  manner  in  which 
management is currently assessing performance and allocating resources. This new segment structure aligns with 
our  recently  announced  balance  sheet  optimization  strategy  to  discontinue  the  origination  of  certain  non-
strategic lending portfolios. Prior period results have been revised to conform to the new segment presentation.

For more information regarding our business operating segments see Note 26.

The  following  table  presents  certain  financial  data  of  our  business  operating  segments.  Total  business 
operating  segment  financial  results  differ  from  total  consolidated  financial  results.  These  differences  are 
reflected in Other non-segment operations. See Note 26 for additional information.

Table 6: Selected Financial Data for Business Operating Segments

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income

Noninterest income

Total revenue

Noninterest expense

Profit (loss) before credit losses

Net charge-offs

Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Average Balances: 

Total assets
Total loans and leases(1)
Deposits

Interest-earning assets

(1)  Includes LHFS.

Consumer Banking 

Consumer Banking

Commercial Banking

Non-Core

Year Ended December 31,

Year Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2023

2022

2023

2022

$4,187 

$3,649 

$2,292 

$2,103 

($129)   

$378 

1,067 

5,254 

3,542 

1,712 

280 

1,432 

373 

$1,059 

$72,693 

66,356 

116,980 

66,999 

1,063 

4,712 

3,255 

1,457 

174 

1,283 

328 

$955 

784 

3,076 

1,295 

1,781 

250 

1,531 

378 

845 

2,948 

1,223 

1,725 

46 

1,679 

375 

— 

(129)   

123 

(252)   

78 

(330)   

(86)   

— 

378 

136 

242 

52 

190 

48 

$1,153 

$1,304 

($244)   

$142 

$68,027 

62,523 

114,482 

63,289 

$76,028 

$74,919 

72,937 

47,155 

73,321 

70,992 

49,898 

71,276 

$13,745 

13,669 

— 

$18,121 

18,048 

— 

13,675 

18,048 

Net  interest  income  increased  $538  million  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  higher  net  interest  margin 
reflecting higher interest-earning asset yields given higher market interest rates and growth in average interest-
earning  assets,  including  the  impacts  of  the  HSBC  transaction  and  Investors  acquisition.  This  increase  was 
partially offset by higher funding costs.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noninterest income increased $4 million compared to 2022, driven by card fees given higher transaction 
volumes  and  trust  and  investment  services  fees  reflecting  increased  sales  activity  and  asset  management  fees. 
This increase was partially offset by mortgage banking fees reflecting lower servicing and production fees and a 
decline  in  MSR  valuation,  net  of  hedge  impact,  and  service  charges  and  fees  given  the  elimination  of  the  non-
sufficient funds fees.

Noninterest expense increased $287 million compared to 2022, driven by salaries and benefits reflecting 
the Private Bank start-up investment, equipment and software driven by software maintenance and amortization 
costs, and other operating expense associated with advertising and fraud losses.

Net charge-offs increased $106 million compared to 2022, driven by other retail and education as credit 

losses continue to gradually normalize from pandemic-era lows.

Commercial Banking 

Net  interest  income  increased  $189  million  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  higher  net  interest  margin 
reflecting higher interest-earning asset yields given higher market interest rates and growth in average interest-
earning  assets,  including  the  impact  of  the  Investors  acquisition.  This  increase  was  partially  offset  by  higher 
funding costs.

Noninterest  income  decreased  $61  million  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  capital  markets  fees  reflecting 
lower  loan  syndication,  underwriting  and  M&A  advisory  fees,  and  foreign  exchange  and  derivative  products 
revenue  reflecting  lower  client  hedging  activity.  This  decline  was  partially  offset  by  service  charges  and  fees 
reflecting  the  benefit  of  acquisitions  and  improvement  in  Treasury  Solutions  fees  and  card  fees  given  higher 
transaction volumes.

Noninterest expense increased $72 million compared to 2022, driven primarily by salaries and employee 

benefits, and equipment and software driven by software maintenance and amortization costs.

Net charge-offs increased $204 million compared to 2022, reflecting an increased net charge-off level in 
the  Commercial  Real  Estate  Office  portfolio  primarily  driven  by  rising  interest  rates  and  return  to  office 
dynamics, and the normalization of credit losses from pandemic-era lows.

Non-Core

Net  interest  income  decreased  $507  million  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  the  highest-cost  implied 
marginal funding sources during 2023, including secured borrowings collateralized by auto loans, FHLB advances 
and, to the extent necessary to fully fund the Non-Core segment, brokered certificates of deposit.

Net  charge-offs  increased  $26  million  compared  to  2022,  driven  by  auto  as  credit  losses  continue  to 

gradually normalize from pandemic-era lows.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — 2022 compared with 2021

For a description of our results of operations for 2022, see the “Results of Operations — 2022 compared 

with 2021” section of Item 7 in our 2022 Form 10-K.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 44

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

Securities

Table 7: Amortized Cost and Fair Value of Securities

(dollars in millions)

U.S. Treasury and other

State and political subdivisions

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Other/non-agency

Total mortgage-backed securities

Collateralized loan obligations

Total debt securities available for sale

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Total mortgage-backed securities

Asset-backed securities

Total debt securities held to maturity

Total debt securities available for sale and held to maturity

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amortized 
Cost(1)

Fair Value 

Amortized 
Cost

Fair Value

$4,493   

$4,380 

$3,678   

$3,486 

1   

1 

2   

2 

26,289   

24,477 

21,250   

19,062 

279   

255 

280   

251 

26,568   

24,732 

21,530   

19,313 

667   

664 

1,248   

1,206 

$31,729   

$29,777 

$26,458   

$24,007 

$8,696   

$7,887 

$9,253   

$8,506 

8,696   

7,887 

9,253   

8,506 

488   

463 

581   

536 

$9,184   

$8,350 

$9,834   

$9,042 

$40,913   

$38,127 

$36,292   

$33,049 

Equity securities, at cost(2)
Equity securities, at fair value(2)
(1) Excludes portfolio level basis adjustments of $60 million for securities designated in active fair value hedge relationships. The basis adjustments represent a 

$1,058   

$1,058 

$869   

153   

173   

$869 

173 

153 

reduction to the amortized cost of the securities being hedged.

(2) Included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The primary objective of the securities portfolio is to provide a ready source of liquidity. The portfolio 
primarily includes high quality, highly liquid investments reflecting our ongoing commitment to maintain strong 
contingent liquidity levels and pledging capacity.

As  of  December  31,  2023,  U.S.  Treasuries  and  mortgage-backed  securities  issued  by  GNMA  and  GSEs 
represent  96%  of  the  fair  value  of  our  debt  securities  portfolio,  with  approximately  $31.4  billion  of 
unencumbered  high-quality  liquid  securities  serving  as  potential  collateral  for  borrowings  from  the  FHLB,  FRB 
discount  window,  the  Fixed  Income  Clearing  Corporation  bilateral  repurchase  agreement  market,  and  the  Bank 
Term Funding Program. The Bank Term Funding Program expires in March 2024 and we have not participated in 
this  program  through  December  31,  2023.  Securities  are  pledged  at  par  value  instead  of  fair  value  under  this 
program.

For  further  discussion  of  the  use  of  our  securities  as  liquidity  collateral  see  the  “Regulation  and 
Supervision  —  Liquidity  Requirements”  and  “Liquidity  Risk  Management  and  Governance”  sections  in  this 
document.

We  manage  our  securities  portfolio  duration  and  convexity  risk  through  asset  selection  and  securities 
structure, and maintain duration levels within our risk appetite in the context of the broader interest rate risk 
framework  and  limits.  As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  portfolio’s  average  effective  duration,  including  recent 
hedging actions to reduce duration, was 3.9 years compared to 5.8 years as of December 31, 2022.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 8: Amortized Cost of AFS and HTM Securities by Contractual Maturity

1 Year or Less
Amount Yield(2)

After 1 Year 
Through 5 Years
Amount Yield(2)

After 10 Years
Amount Yield(2)

Total
Amount Yield(2)

As of December 31, 2023
Distribution of Maturities(1)
After 5 Years 
Through 10 
Years
Amount Yield(2)

$— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 — %   $3,015 

 2.65 %   $1,478 

 3.30 %  

$— 

 — %   $4,493 

 2.87 %

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

— 

 — 

— 

 — 

1 

 2.60 

1 

 2.60 

  1,599 

 3.28 

  2,157 

 2.91 

  22,533 

— 

— 

 — 

 — 

— 

100 

  4,614 

 2.87 

  3,735 

 — 

 7.11 

 3.18 

279 

567 

  23,380 

 3.90 

 2.63 

 6.97 

 3.96 

  26,289 

279 

667 

  31,729 

— 

488 

488 

 — 

 4.01 

 4.01 

— 

— 

— 

 — 

 — 

 — 

  8,696 

 2.31 

  8,696 

— 

 — 

488 

  8,696 

 2.31 

  9,184 

 3.78 

 2.63 

 6.99 

 3.71 

 2.31 

 4.01 

 2.40 

(dollars in millions)

Amortized cost:

U.S. Treasury and other

State and political subdivisions

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government 
sponsored entities

Other/non-agency

Collateralized loan obligations

Total debt securities available for sale

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government 
sponsored entities

Asset-backed securities

Total debt securities held to maturity

Total debt securities

$— 

 — %   $5,102 

 2.98 %   $3,735 

 3.18 %  $32,076 

 3.51 %  $40,913 

 3.41 %

(1) Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without incurring penalties.
(2) The weighted-average yield is computed based on a constant effective interest rate over the contractual life of each security and considers the contractual
   coupon, amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Yields exclude the impact of related hedging derivatives.

Loans and Leases

Table 9: Composition of Loans and Leases, Excluding LHFS

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

December 31,

2023

2022

Change

Percent

$43,826 

$51,836 

($8,010) 

29,471 

1,148 

74,445 

31,332 

15,040 

8,258 

11,834 

5,050 

71,514 

28,865 

1,479 

82,180 

29,921 

14,043 

12,292 

12,808 

5,418 

74,482 

606 

(331) 

(7,735) 

1,411 

997 

(4,034) 

(974) 

(368) 

(2,968) 

 (15) %

 2 

 (22) 

 (9) 

 5 

 7 

 (33) 

 (8) 

 (7) 

 (4) 

Total loans and leases 

$145,959 

$156,662 

($10,703) 

 (7%) 

The decrease in total loans and leases as of December 31, 2023 compared to December 31, 2022 reflects 
a $7.7 billion decrease in commercial due to loans sold as part of balance sheet optimization actions and market 
conditions driving lower client demand. Retail declined $3.0 billion, driven by planned Non-Core portfolio runoff 
in auto, education and other retail, partially offset by growth in mortgage and home equity.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 10: Fixed and Variable Rate Loans and Leases by Maturity

(dollars in millions)

Fixed rate:

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial fixed rate

Variable rate:

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial variable rate(2)
Total commercial

Fixed rate:

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile 

Education

Other retail

Total retail fixed rate

Variable rate:

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail variable rate

Total retail

Total loans and leases

December 31, 2023

1 Year or 
Less(1)

After 1 Year 
Through 5 
Years(1)

After 5 Years 
Through 15 
Years(1)

After 15 
Years(1)

Total Loans 
and Leases

$716   

1,139   

407   

2,262   

9,610   

8,360   

15   

17,985   

20,247   

642   

91   

2,400   

825   

1,128   

5,086   

171   

383   

—   

127   

2,168   

2,849   

7,935   

$1,812   

2,894   

609   

5,315   

28,723   

12,355   

25   

41,103   

46,418   

2,588   

171   

5,731   

3,424   

1,559   

$555   

2,786   

92   

3,433   

2,346   

1,867   

—   

4,213   

7,646   

$17   

28   

—   

45   

47   

42   

—   

89   

134   

6,882   

9,980   

200   

127   

6,031   

99   

12   

—   

408   

83   

13,473   

13,339   

10,483   

712   

2,955   

—   

433   

13   

4,113   

17,586   

3,000   

10,877   

—   

563   

—   

14,440   

27,779   

7,357   

351   

—   

23   

—   

7,731   

18,214   

$3,100 

6,847 

1,108 

11,055 

40,726 

22,624 

40 

63,390 

74,445 

20,092 

474 

8,258 

10,688 

2,869 

42,381 

11,240 

14,566 

— 

1,146 

2,181 

29,133 

71,514 

$28,182   

$64,004   

$35,425   

$18,348   

$145,959 

(1) Maturity is based on scheduled principal repayment date.
(2) Includes floating-rate commercial loans hedged to fixed rate to manage our exposure to the variability in interest cash flows. See “Market Risk” for additional 

information regarding our use of interest rate derivatives to hedge our loan portfolio.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Quality

The  ACL  is  a  reserve  to  absorb  estimated  future  credit  losses  in  accordance  with  GAAP.  For  additional 

information regarding the ACL, see “Critical Accounting Estimates — Allowance for Credit Losses” and Note 6.

The  ACL  as  of  December  31,  2023  compared  to  December  31,  2022  reflects  a  reserve  increase  of 

$78 million. For further information see Note 6.

Table 11: Allocation of the ALLL

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail 

Total retail

Total loans and leases

December 31,

2023

2022

$561 

663 

26 

1,250 

181 

100 

57 

259 

251 

848 

$2,098 

 30% 

 20 

 1 

 51 

 22 

 10 

 6 

 8 

 3 

 49 

 100% 

$581 

456 

23 

1,060 

207 

89 

131 

268 

228 

923 

$1,983 

 33% 

 18 

 1 

 52 

 19 

 9 

 8 

 8 

 4 

 48 

 100% 

Table 12: ACL and Related Coverage Ratios by Portfolio

(dollars in millions)

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

December 31,

2023

2022

Loans and 
Leases

Allowance Coverage

Loans and 
Leases

Allowance Coverage

$43,826   

$561 

 1.28 %  

$51,836   

$581 

 1.12 %

29,471   

1,148   

663 

26 

74,445   

1,250 

31,332   

15,040   

8,258   

11,834   

5,050   

71,514   

181 

100 

57 

259 

251 

848 

 2.25 

 2.24 

 1.68 

 0.58 

 0.66 

 0.69 

 2.18 

 4.98 

 1.19 

28,865   

1,479   

456 

23 

82,180   

1,060 

29,921   

14,043   

12,292   

12,808   

5,418   

74,482   

207 

89 

131 

268 

228 

923 

 1.58 

 1.59 

 1.29 

 0.69 

 0.63 

 1.07 

 2.09 

 4.21 

 1.24 

Total loans and leases

  $145,959   

$2,098 

 1.44 %   $156,662   

$1,983 

 1.27 %

Allowance for Unfunded Lending Commitments

Commercial(1)
Retail(2)

     Total allowance for unfunded lending commitments

$175 

 1.91 %

$207 

 1.54 %

 1.25 

45 

220 

 1.31 

50 

257 

Allowance for credit losses

  $145,959   

$2,318 

 1.59 %   $156,662   

$2,240 

 1.43 %

(1)  Coverage  ratio  includes  total  commercial  allowance  for  unfunded  lending  commitments  and  total  commercial  allowance  for  loan  and  lease  losses  in  the 

numerator and total commercial loans and leases in the denominator.

(2) Coverage ratio includes total retail allowance for unfunded lending commitments and total retail allowance for loan losses in the numerator and total retail 

loans in the denominator.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 13: Nonaccrual Loans and Leases

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Nonaccrual loans and leases

Nonaccrual loans and leases to total loans and leases

Allowance for loan and lease losses to nonaccrual loans and leases

Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans and leases

December 31,

2023

2022

Change 

Percent

$294 

477 

3 

774 

177 

285 

61 

28 

39 

590 

$1,364 

 0.93 %

 154 

 170 

 18% 

NM

 100 

 120 

 (24) 

 18 

 9 

 (15) 

 39 

 — 

 44% 

$249 

103 

— 

352 

234 

241 

56 

33 

28 

592 

$45 

374 

3 

422 

(57) 

44 

5 

(5) 

11 

(2) 

$944 

  $420 

 0.60 %

 33 bps 

 210 

 237 

 (56%) 

 (67%) 

Table 14: Ratio of Net Charge-Offs to Average Loans and Leases

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Year Ended December 31,

Net Charge-
Offs

2023

Average 
Balance

Ratio

Net Charge-
Offs

2022

Average 
Balance

Ratio

$110   

$48,693 

 0.23 %  

$51   

$50,002 

 0.10 %

161   

(4)   

267   

2   

(10)   

55   

92   

203   

342   

29,206 

1,305 

79,204 

30,660 

14,475 

10,374 

12,333 

5,171 

73,013 

 0.56 

 (0.29) 

 0.34 

 — 

 (0.07) 

 0.53 

 0.74 

 3.93 

 0.47 

1   

—   

52   

(1)   

(28)   

36   

59   

152   

218   

24,746 

1,521 

76,269 

27,759 

13,057 

13,729 

13,047 

5,483 

73,075 

 — 

 (0.03) 

 0.07 

 — 

 (0.22) 

 0.26 

 0.45 

 2.77 

 0.30 

Total loans and leases

$609   

$152,217 

 0.40 %  

$270   

$149,344 

 0.18 %

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  net  charge-offs  increased  $339  million  and  the  net  charge-off 

ratio increased 22 basis points compared to 2022.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the increase in net charge-offs reflects a $124 million increase in 
retail,  primarily  other  retail  and  education,  and  a  $215  million  increase  in  commercial,  with  increases  in 
commercial  real  estate  and  commercial  and  industrial.  The  increase  in  commercial  real  estate  was  driven  by 
Commercial  Real  Estate  Office  while  the  commercial  and  industrial  increase  reflects  company-specific 
idiosyncratic charge-offs. Retail is increasing from pandemic lows as expected.

Commercial Loan Asset Quality 

Our commercial portfolio consists of traditional commercial and industrial loans, commercial leases, and 
commercial real estate loans. We utilize internal risk ratings to monitor credit quality for commercial loans and 
leases. For more information on internal risk ratings see Note 6. 

Total  commercial  criticized  balances  of  $8.4  billion  at  December  31,  2023  increased  $2.9  billion 

compared to December 31, 2022, and declined $524 million compared to September 30, 2023. 

Commercial and industrial criticized balances of $3.4 billion at December 31, 2023 increased from $3.1 
billion at December 31, 2022, primarily driven by the impact of rising interest rates and certain sector-specific 
labor challenges in the Arts, entertainment and recreation sector, as well as the trade sectors. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial  real  estate  criticized  balances  of  $5.0  billion  at  December  31,  2023  increased  from  $2.4 
billion  at  December  31,  2022,  primarily  driven  by  the  combined  impacts  of  interest  rates  and  return-to-office 
dynamics on the Office sector and the impacts of interest rates on the Multi-family sector. Approximately 98% of 
commercial real estate loans remain current on payments as of December 31, 2023.

For more information on the distribution of commercial loans by vintage date and internal risk rating, see 

Note 6.

Table 15: Commercial and Industrial Loans by Industry Sector

(dollars in millions)

Finance and insurance

Capital call facilities

Other finance and insurance

Other manufacturing

Technology

Accommodation and food services

Health, pharma, and social assistance

Professional, scientific, and technical services

Wholesale trade

Retail trade

Other services

Energy and related

Rental and leasing

Consumer products manufacturing

Administrative and waste management

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

Automotive

Other

Total commercial and industrial(1)

(1) Excludes PPP loans of $121 million as of December 31, 2022.

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

% of 
Total 
Commercial 
and 
Industrial

% of 
Total 
Commercial 
and 
Industrial

Balance

Balance

$5,780 

 13 %  

$6,753 

5,991 

3,616 

3,307 

2,917 

2,562 

2,313 

2,391 

2,366 

2,081 

1,973 

1,069 

893 

1,549 

1,602 

894 

2,522 

 14 

 8 

 8 

 7 

 6 

 4 

 5 

 5 

 5 

 5 

 2 

 2 

 4 

 4 

 2 

 6 

5,310 

4,474 

4,367 

3,572 

3,056 

3,067 

2,955 

2,391 

2,713 

2,299 

1,542 

1,511 

1,710 

1,587 

1,316 

3,091 

 13 %

 10 

 9 

 8 

 7 

 6 

 6 

 6 

 5 

 5 

 4 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 3 

 6 

$43,826 

 100 %  

$51,715 

 100 %

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 16: Commercial Real Estate by Property Type and State

(dollars in millions)

Property type

Multi-family

Office

Credit tenant lease and life sciences(1)

Other general office

Retail

Industrial

Co-op

Data center

Hospitality

Other

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Balance

% of 
Total CRE

Balance

% of 
Total CRE

$9,367 

 32 %  

$8,696 

 30 %

2,268 

3,648 

3,407 

3,981 

1,796 

841 

608 

3,555 

 8 

 12 

 12 

 14 

 6 

 3 

 2 

 11 

2,205 

4,048 

3,208 

3,344 

1,824 

870 

638 

4,032 

Total commercial real estate

$29,471 

 100 %  

$28,865 

State

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

California

Texas

Massachusetts

Florida
Other Southeast(2)

Other

$7,035 

 24 %  

$7,224 

3,829 

2,613 

2,314 

2,163 

1,897 

1,087 

3,056 

5,477 

 13 

 9 

 8 

 7 

 6 

 4 

 10 

 19 

4,300 

2,819 

1,878 

1,844 

1,688 

799 

3,042 

5,271 

 8 

 14 

 11 

 12 

 6 

 3 

 2 

 14 

 100 %

 25 %

 15 

 10 

 7 

 6 

 6 

 3 

 10 

 18 

Total commercial real estate

$29,471 

 100 %  

$28,865 

 100 %

(1) Credit tenant lease includes loans to nationally recognized tenants with high credit ratings and life sciences includes loans to provide lab and office space for 

tenants involved in the study and development of scientific discoveries.
(2) Includes Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 17: Commercial Real Estate by Geography

As of December 31, 2023

Office

Credit 
Tenant 
Lease and 
Life 
Sciences(1)

Other 
General 
Office

Multi-
Family

Retail

Industrial

Co-op

Other

Total

$1,177 

645 

600 

387 

1,741 

1,272 

274 

550 

252 

409 

724 

1,336 

$18 

47 

3 

23 

98 

247 

479 

128 

679 

— 

185 

361 

$69 

118 

196 

125 

362 

200 

344 

311 

127 

39 

930 

827 

$161 

85 

126 

304 

719 

665 

— 

23 

246 

115 

239 

724 

$38 

— 

85 

107 

444 

129 

635 

398 

129 

381 

352 

1,283 

$57 

1,374 

217 

148 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$109 

$1,629 

336 

178 

302 

465 

100 

582 

753 

464 

143 

626 

946 

2,605 

1,405 

1,396 

3,829 

2,613 

2,314 

2,163 

1,897 

1,087 

3,056 

5,477 

$9,367 

$2,268 

$3,648 

$3,407 

$3,981 

$1,796 

$5,004 

$29,471 

(dollars in millions)

New York City

Brooklyn

Manhattan

Other NYC

New York - ex. NYC

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

California

Texas

Massachusetts

Florida
Other Southeast(2)
Other

Total commercial 
real estate

(1) Credit tenant lease includes loans to nationally recognized tenants with high credit ratings and life sciences includes loans to provide lab and office space for 

tenants involved in the study and development of scientific discoveries.
(2) Includes Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia.

Retail Loan Asset Quality 

We  utilize  credit  scores  provided  by  FICO,  which  are  generally  refreshed  on  a  quarterly  basis,  and 
payment and delinquency status, among other data points, to monitor credit quality for retail loans. FICO credit 
scores  represent  current  and  historical  national  industry-wide  consumer  level  credit  performance  data,  which 
management believes are the strongest indicator of potential credit losses over the contractual life of the loan 
and a good predictor of a borrower’s future payment performance. 

Table 18: Retail Loan Portfolio Analysis

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Days Past Due and Accruing

Days Past Due and Accruing

Residential mortgages(1)
Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Current

30-59

60-89

 90+

Nonaccrual

Current

30-59

60-89

 90+

Nonaccrual

 97.34 %

 0.90 %

 0.38 %

 0.82 %

 0.56 %

 97.68 %

 0.32 %

 0.15 %

 1.07 %

 0.78 %

 97.34 

 96.94 

 99.14 

 97.02 

 0.55 

 1.74 

 0.41 

 0.97 

 0.22 

 0.58 

 0.19 

 0.67 

 — 

 — 

 0.02 

 0.57 

 1.89 

 0.74 

 0.24 

 0.77 

 97.68 

 97.93 

 99.30 

 97.71 

 0.46 

 1.24 

 0.28 

 0.81 

 0.14 

 0.37 

 0.13 

 0.55 

 — 

 — 

 0.03 

 0.41 

 1.72 

 0.46 

 0.26 

 0.52 

Total retail

 97.56 %

 0.85 %

 0.36 %

 0.40 %

 0.83 %

 98.02 %

 0.52 %

 0.21 %

 0.46 %

 0.79 %

Table 19: Retail Asset Quality Metrics

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

Average refreshed FICO for total portfolio
CLTV ratio for secured real estate(1)
(1)  The real estate secured portfolio CLTV is calculated as the mortgage and second lien loan balance divided by the most recently available value of the property.

 50 %

 50 %

770 

772 

For more information on the aging of accruing and nonaccrual retail loans, and the distribution of retail 

loans by vintage date and FICO score, see Note 6.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits

Table 20: Composition of Deposits

(dollars in millions)

Demand

Money market

Checking with interest

Savings

Term

Total deposits

December 31, 
2023

% of Total 
Deposits

December 31, 
2022

% of Total 
Deposits

$37,107 

 21% 

$49,283 

 27% 

53,812 

31,876 

27,983 

26,564 

 30 

 18 

 16 

 15 

49,905 

39,721 

29,805 

12,010 

 28 

 22 

 16 

 7 

$177,342 

 100% 

$180,724 

 100% 

Total  deposits  as  of  December  31,  2023  decreased  compared  to  December  31,  2022,  driven  by  our 
balance  sheet  optimization  efforts.  In  addition,  as  rates  rose  100  basis  points  during  2023,  we  saw  continued 
migration of lower cost deposits to higher-yielding products, with non-interest bearing deposits now representing 
approximately 21% of our total deposits.

Table 21: Uninsured and Insured/Secured Deposits

(dollars in millions)

Total deposits

Estimated uninsured deposits(1)
Less: Uninsured affiliate deposits eliminated in consolidation
Less: Preferred deposits(1)(2)
CFG adjusted estimated uninsured deposits, excluding preferred deposits

Total estimated insured/secured deposits

Insured/secured deposits to total deposits

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

$177,342 

$180,724 

73,584 

14,650 

7,486 

51,448 

88,883 

6,479 

9,635 

72,769 

$125,894 

$107,955 

 71% 

 60% 

(1) As reported on CBNA’s Call Report.
(2) Represents uninsured deposits of states and political subdivisions that are secured or collateralized as required under state law. 

Table 22: Term Deposits in Excess of the FDIC Insurance Limit by Remaining Maturity
(dollars in millions)

December 31, 2023

Three months or less

After three months through six months

After six months through twelve months

After twelve months 
Total term deposits(1)
(1) Includes term deposits per account in excess of $250,000.

Borrowed Funds

$1,591 

550 

515 

83 

$2,739 

Total  borrowed  funds  of  $14.0  billion  as  of  December  31,  2023  decreased  $1.9  billion  compared  to 
December 31, 2022, driven by a decline in FHLB advances, partially offset by the issuance of secured borrowings 
collateralized by auto loans. For more information regarding our borrowed funds see “Liquidity” and Note 13.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAPITAL AND REGULATORY MATTERS

As  a  BHC  and  FHC,  we  are  subject  to  regulation  and  supervision  by  the  FRB.  Our  banking  subsidiary, 
CBNA, is a national banking association primarily regulated by the OCC. Our regulation and supervision continues 
to  evolve  as  the  legal  and  regulatory  frameworks  governing  our  operations  continue  to  change.  For  more 
information, see the “Regulation and Supervision” section in Item 1.

Capital Adequacy Process

Our assessment of capital adequacy begins with our Board-approved risk appetite and risk management 
framework.  This  framework  provides  for  the  identification,  measurement  and  management  of  material  risks. 
Capital requirements are determined for actual and forecasted risk portfolios using applicable regulatory capital 
methodologies.  The  assessment  also  considers  the  possible  impacts  of  approved  and  proposed  changes  to 
regulatory  capital  requirements.  Key  analytical  frameworks,  including  scenario  analysis  and  stress  testing, 
supplement  our  base  line  forecast  to  help  inform  a  range  of  potential  outcomes.  A  governance  framework 
supports  our  capital  planning  process,  including  capital  management  policies  and  procedures  that  document 
capital adequacy metrics and limits, as well as our Capital Contingency Plan and the active engagement of both 
the Board and senior management in oversight and decision-making.

Forward-looking  assessments  of  capital  adequacy  provide  for  the  development  of  a  single  capital  plan, 
which is periodically submitted to the FRB, that covers both us and our banking subsidiary. We prepare this plan 
in  accordance  with  the  Capital  Plan  Rule  and  we  participate  annually  in  the  FRB’s  horizontal  capital  review  as 
part of their normal supervisory process, which includes an assessment of specific capital planning areas.

The FRB regularly supervises and evaluates our capital adequacy and capital planning processes, including 
the submission of an annual capital plan approved by our Board of Directors or one of its committees. Under the 
FRB’s  capital  requirements  we  must  maintain  capital  ratios  above  the  sum  of  the  regulatory  minimum  and  SCB 
requirement to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. The FRB utilizes the 
supervisory stress test to determine our SCB, which is re-calibrated with each biennial supervisory stress test and 
updated  annually  to  reflect  our  planned  common  stock  dividends.  As  an  institution  subject  to  Category  IV 
standards,  we  are  subject  to  biennial  supervisory  stress  testing  in  even-numbered  years;  however,  the  FRB 
required  us  to  participate  in  the  2023  CCAR  supervisory  stress  test  to  incorporate  the  effects  of  the  Investors 
acquisition. Our SCB associated with the 2023 supervisory stress test was 4.0%, effective October 1, 2023 through 
September 30, 2024.

Regulations  relating  to  capital  planning,  regulatory  reporting,  stress  testing  and  capital  buffer 
requirements applicable to firms like us are presently subject to rule-making and potential further guidance and 
interpretation  by  the  applicable  federal  regulators.  We  will  continue  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  these  and  any 
other prudential regulatory changes, including their potential resultant changes in our regulatory and compliance 
costs and expenses.

Regulatory Capital Ratios and Capital Composition

Under the current U.S. Basel III capital framework, we and our banking subsidiary, CBNA, must meet the 
following  specific  minimum  requirements:  CET1  capital  ratio  of  4.5%,  tier  1  capital  ratio  of  6.0%,  total  capital 
ratio of 8.0% and tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. As a BHC, our SCB of 4.0% is imposed on top of the three minimum 
risk-based  capital  ratios  listed  above  and  a  CCB  of  2.5%  is  imposed  on  top  of  the  three  minimum  risk-based 
capital ratios listed above for CBNA.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 54

For  additional  discussion  of  the  U.S.  Basel  III  capital  framework  and  its  related  application,  see  the 
“Regulation  and  Supervision”  section  in  Item  1.  The  table  below  presents  the  regulatory  capital  ratios  for  CFG 
and CBNA under the U.S. Basel III Standardized rules:

Table 23: Regulatory Capital Ratios Under the U.S. Basel III Standardized Rules

(dollars in millions)

CET1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Total capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 leverage

CFG

CBNA

Risk-weighted assets

CFG

CBNA

Quarterly adjusted average assets(2)

CFG

CBNA

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Required Minimum 
Capital Ratio(1)

  $18,358 

 10.6 %   $18,574 

19,411 

 11.3 

20,669 

 10.0 %

 11.2 

 11.1 

 11.2 

 12.8 

 12.7 

 9.3 

 9.4 

20,372 

19,411 

23,608 

22,453 

20,372 

19,411 

  172,601 

  172,094 

  219,591 

  218,974 

 11.8 

 11.3 

 13.7 

 13.0 

 9.3 

 8.9 

20,588 

20,669 

23,755 

23,534 

20,588 

20,669 

  185,224 

  184,781 

  220,779 

  220,182 

 8.5 %

 7.0 

 10.0 

 8.5 

 12.0 

 10.5 

 4.0 

 4.0 

(1) Represents minimum requirement under the current capital framework plus the SCB of 4.0% and CCB of 2.5% for CFG and CBNA, respectively. The SCB and CCB 

are not applicable to the Tier 1 leverage ratio.

(2) Represents total average assets less certain amounts deducted from Tier 1 capital.

At December 31, 2023, CFG’s CET1 and tier 1 capital ratios increased compared to December 31, 2022, 
primarily driven by net income and a $12.6 billion decrease in RWA, partially offset by dividends, common share 
repurchases, and a decrease in the modified CECL transition amount as we entered the second year of the CECL 
three-year transition period. Lower commercial and auto loans were the key drivers for the decline in RWA. 

At  December  31,  2023,  CBNA’s  CET1  and  tier  1  capital  ratios  increased  slightly  compared  to  December 
31, 2022. Net income and a $12.7 billion decrease in RWA, primarily driven by lower commercial and auto loans, 
was partially offset by dividend payments to the Parent Company and a decrease in the modified CECL transition 
amount as we entered the second year of the CECL three-year transition period.

At December 31, 2023, CFG’s and CBNA’s total capital ratios increased driven by their respective changes 

in CET1 and tier 1 capital described above and a reduction in the modified AACL transition amount.

At December 31, 2023, CFG’s tier 1 leverage ratio was stable compared to December 31, 2022, whereas 
CBNA’s  tier  1  leverage  ratio  decreased.  CBNA’s  tier  1  leverage  ratio  reflects  a  decline  in  quarterly  adjusted 
average assets and changes in tier 1 capital described above.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 24: Capital Composition Under the U.S. Basel III Capital Framework

(dollars in millions)

Total common stockholders’ equity

Exclusions:

Modified CECL transitional amount

Net unrealized (gains)/losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Debt securities 

Derivatives

Unamortized net periodic benefit costs

Deductions:

Goodwill, net of deferred tax liability

Other intangible assets, net of deferred tax liability

Deferred tax assets that arise from tax loss and credit carryforwards

Total common equity tier 1 capital

Qualifying preferred stock 

Total tier 1 capital

Qualifying subordinated debt(1)
Allowance for credit losses

Exclusions from tier 2 capital:

  Modified AACL transitional amount

  Allowance on PCD assets

Adjusted allowance for credit losses

Total capital

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

$22,328 

$21,676 

192 

288 

2,338 

1,087 

333 

(7,779)   

(134)   

(7)   

18,358 

2,014 

20,372 

1,319 

2,318 

(249)   

(152)   

1,917 

$23,608 

2,771 

1,416 

373 

(7,780) 

(170) 

— 

18,574 

2,014 

20,588 

1,427 

2,240 

(374) 

(126) 

1,740 

$23,755 

(1)  As  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  amount  of  non-qualifying  subordinated  debt  excluded  from  regulatory  capital  was  $482  million  and  $367  million, 

respectively. See Note 13 for more details on our outstanding subordinated debt.

Capital Transactions

•

•

•

We completed the following capital transactions during 2023:

Repurchased $906 million of our outstanding common stock;

Declared quarterly common stock dividends of $0.42 per share, aggregating to $808 million; and

Declared preferred stock dividends aggregating to $117 million.

For additional detail regarding our common and preferred stock dividends see Note 17.

In  February  2023,  our  Board  of  Directors  increased  our  common  share  repurchase  authorization  to  $2.0 
billion, which was an increase of $1.15 billion above the $850 million of capacity remaining as of December 31, 
2022  under  the  prior  June  2022  authorization.  See  “Issuer  Purchase  of  Equity  Securities”  in  Item  5  above  for 
information  regarding  our  available  capacity  to  repurchase  shares  at  December  31,  2023.  All  future  capital 
distributions are subject to consideration and approval by our Board of Directors prior to execution. The timing 
and  amount  of  future  dividends  and  share  repurchases  will  depend  on  various  factors,  including  our  capital 
position,  financial  performance,  capital  impacts  of  strategic  initiatives,  market  conditions,  and  regulatory 
considerations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recent Regulatory Developments

Bank Failures

On  April  28,  2023,  the  FRB  issued  a  report  relative  to  its  review  of  the  supervision  and  regulation  of 
Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”). The report details the FRB’s assessment of the primary causes for SVB’s failure and 
emphasizes  the  FRB’s  view  that  supervision  and  regulation  need  to  be  strengthened  based  on  its  findings.  As  a 
result,  the  FRB  stated  it  intends  to  evaluate  its  supervisory  and  regulatory  framework,  with  a  focus  on  the 
following areas:

•

Regulatory tailoring framework, including a reassessment of a range of rules for banks with $100 billion 
or more in assets;

• Management of interest rate risk;

•

•

Liquidity risk, commencing with the risks of uninsured deposits; and

Capital requirements.

Proposals  addressing  the  regulatory  tailoring  framework  and  capital  requirements  were  issued  by  the 
regulatory agencies during the third quarter of 2023. See the “Regulation and Supervision” section in Item 1 for 
more information.

We will continue to monitor and address changes to the FRB’s supervisory and regulatory framework that 
may result from this targeted review by the FRB and their associated impact on our business, financial condition 
or results of operations.

AOCI Impact on Regulatory Capital

Under  the  current  applicable  regulatory  capital  rules  we  have  made  the  AOCI  opt-out  election,  which 
enables us to exclude components of AOCI from regulatory capital. As noted in the “Capital and Stress Testing 
Requirements”  section  of  “Regulation  and  Supervision”  in  Item  1,  the  regulatory  agencies  are  considering  the 
inclusion  of  AOCI  components  in  regulatory  capital  for  Category  IV  firms  like  us,  notably  the  AOCI  relative  to 
securities and pension.

The following table presents our regulatory capital ratios including the AOCI impact from securities and 
pension, which we believe provides useful information in light of recent events and the potential for change in 
the regulatory capital framework.

Table 25: AOCI Impact on Regulatory Capital

(dollars in millions)

Regulatory capital, including AOCI impact:

Regulatory capital (as reported)

CET1

CFG

Tier 1

December 31, 2023

Total

CET1

CBNA

Tier 1

Total

$18,358 

$20,372 

$23,608 

$19,411 

$19,411 

$22,453 

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities and pension

Deferred tax assets - securities and pension AOCI

(2,671) 

(15) 

(2,671) 

(15) 

(2,671) 

(15) 

(2,649) 

(16) 

(2,649) 

(16) 

(2,649) 

(16) 

Regulatory capital, including AOCI impact (non-GAAP)

$15,672 

$17,686 

$20,922 

$16,746 

$16,746 

$19,788 

Risk-weighted assets, including AOCI impact:

Risk-weighted assets (as reported)

$172,601 

$172,601 

$172,601 

$172,094 

$172,094 

$172,094 

Unrealized gains (losses) on securities and pension

Deferred tax assets - securities and pension AOCI

(722) 

2,188 

(722) 

2,188 

(722) 

2,188 

(701) 

2,168 

(701) 

2,168 

(701) 

2,168 

Risk-weighted assets, including AOCI impact  (non-GAAP)

$174,067 

$174,067 

$174,067 

$173,561 

$173,561 

$173,561 

Ratio:

Regulatory capital ratio (as reported)

Regulatory capital ratio, including AOCI impact  (non-GAAP)

 10.6 %

 9.0 %

 11.8 %

 10.2 %

 13.7 %

 12.0 %

 11.3 %

 9.6 %

 11.3 %

 9.6 %

 13.0 %

 11.4 %

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIQUIDITY 

We  consider  the  effective  and  prudent  management  of  liquidity  fundamental  to  our  safety  and 
soundness.  We  define  liquidity  as  our  ability  to  meet  our  obligations  when  they  come  due.  As  a  financial 
institution, we must maintain operating liquidity to meet expected daily and forecasted cash-flow requirements, 
as  well  as  contingent  liquidity  to  meet  unexpected  (stress  scenario)  funding  requirements.  Reflecting  the 
importance  of  meeting  all  unexpected  and  stress-scenario  funding  requirements,  we  identify  and  manage 
contingent  liquidity,  consisting  of  cash  balances  at  the  FRB,  unencumbered  high-quality  liquid  securities  and 
unused  FHLB  borrowing  capacity.  Separately,  we  also  identify  and  manage  asset  liquidity  as  a  subset  of 
contingent liquidity, consisting of cash balances at the FRB and unencumbered high-quality liquid securities. We 
maintain additional secured borrowing capacity at the FRB discount window, but do not view this as a primary 
means  of  funding,  but  rather  a  potential  source  in  a  stressed  environment  or  during  a  market  disruption.  We 
manage liquidity at the consolidated enterprise level and at each material legal entity. 

Parent Company Liquidity 

Our Parent Company’s primary sources of cash are dividends and interest received from CBNA resulting 
from investing in bank equity and subordinated debt as well as externally issued preferred stock, senior debt and 
subordinated debt. Uses of cash include the routine cash flow requirements as a bank holding company, including 
periodic share repurchases and payments of dividends, interest and expenses; the needs of subsidiaries, including 
CBNA  for  additional  equity  and,  as  required,  its  need  for  debt  financing;  and  the  support  for  extraordinary 
funding  requirements  when  necessary.  To  the  extent  the  Parent  Company  has  relied  on  wholesale  borrowings, 
uses also include payments of related principal and interest.

Our Parent Company’s cash and cash equivalents represent a source of liquidity that can be used to meet 

various needs and totaled $2.9 billion and $1.6 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Parent Company declared dividends on common 
stock of $808 million and $779 million, respectively, and declared dividends on preferred stock of $117 million 
and $113 million, respectively.

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Parent Company repurchased $906 million and 

$153 million, respectively, of its outstanding common stock.

On January 23, 2024, CFG issued $1.25 billion in six-year 5.841% fixed-to-floating rate senior notes.

CBNA Liquidity 

As CBNA’s primary business involves taking deposits and making loans, a key role of liquidity management 
is  to  ensure  that  customers  have  timely  access  to  funds.  Liquidity  management  also  involves  maintaining 
sufficient  liquidity  to  repay  wholesale  borrowings,  pay  operating  expenses  and  support  extraordinary  funding 
requirements when necessary. In the ordinary course of business the liquidity of CBNA is managed by matching 
sources  and  uses  of  cash.  The  primary  sources  of  bank  liquidity  include  deposits  from  our  consumer  and 
commercial  customers;  payments  of  principal  and  interest  on  loans  and  debt  securities;  and  wholesale 
borrowings, as needed, and as described under “Liquidity Risk Management and Governance.” The primary uses 
of  bank  liquidity  include  withdrawals  and  maturities  of  deposits;  payment  of  interest  on  deposits;  funding  of 
loans  and  related  commitments;  and  funding  of  securities  purchases.  To  the  extent  that  CBNA  has  relied  on 
wholesale  borrowings,  uses  also  include  payments  of  related  principal  and  interest.  For  further  information  on 
CBNA’s outstanding debt see Note 13.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, CBNA completed the following transactions: 

Issued $450 million of 5.284% fixed-to-floating rate senior notes;

Redeemed $750 million of senior notes due March 2023; and

Issued $3.5 billion of secured borrowings collateralized by auto loans.

On January 23, 2024, CBNA issued approximately $1.5 billion of secured borrowings collateralized by auto 

•

•

•

loans.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 58

Liquidity Risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk arising from the inability to meet our obligations when they come due. We must 
maintain  adequate  funding  to  meet  current  and  future  obligations,  including  customer  loan  requests,  customer 
deposit maturities and withdrawals, debt service, equipment and premises leases, and other cash commitments, 
under both normal operating conditions and under periods of company-specific and/or market stress.

We  primarily  rely  on  customer  deposits  to  be  a  relatively  stable  and  low-cost  source  of  funding.  In 
addition  to  customer  deposits,  our  funding  sources  also  include  our  ability  to  securitize  loans  in  secondary 
markets, raise funds in the debt and equity capital markets, pledge loans and/or securities for borrowing from 
the FHLB, pledge securities as collateral for borrowing under repurchase agreements, and sell AFS securities.

Credit ratings assigned by agencies such as Moody’s, Standard and Poor’s, and Fitch impact our access to 
unsecured  wholesale  market  funds  and  to  large  uninsured  customer  deposits  and  are  presented  in  the  table 
below.

Table 26: Credit Ratings

Citizens Financial Group, Inc.:

Long-term issuer

Short-term issuer

Subordinated debt

Preferred Stock

Citizens Bank, National Association:

Long-term issuer

Short-term issuer

Long-term deposits

Short-term deposits

NR = Not Rated

Moody’s  

December 31, 2023

Standard and
Poor’s

Baa1

NR

Baa1

Baa3

Baa1

NR

A1

P-1

BBB+

A-2

BBB

BB+

A-

A-2

NR

NR

Fitch  

BBB+

F1

BBB

BB

BBB+

F1

A-

F1

We  currently  have  a  “stable”  outlook  at  Standard  &  Poor’s,  a  “negative”  outlook  at  Moody’s  and  a 
“stable” outlook at Fitch. Changes in our public credit ratings could affect both the cost and availability of our 
wholesale funding.

Existing and evolving regulatory liquidity requirements represent another key driver of systemic liquidity 
conditions and liquidity management practices. The FRB and OCC regularly evaluate our liquidity as part of the 
overall  supervisory  process.  In  addition,  we  are  subject  to  existing  and  evolving  regulatory  liquidity 
requirements,  some  of  which  are  subject  to  further  rulemaking,  guidance  and  interpretation  by  the  applicable 
federal  regulators.  For  further  discussion,  see  the  “Liquidity  Requirements”  section  under  “Regulation  and 
Supervision” in Item 1.

Liquidity Risk Management and Governance 

Liquidity  risk  is  measured  and  managed  by  the  Funding  and  Liquidity  unit  within  our  Treasury  group  in 
accordance with policy guidelines promulgated by our Board and the Asset Liability Committee. The Funding and 
Liquidity unit is responsible for maintaining a liquidity management framework that effectively manages liquidity 
risk.  Processes  within  this  framework  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  regular  and  comprehensive  reporting, 
including current levels versus threshold limits for a broad set of liquidity metrics and early warning indicators, 
explanatory commentary relating to emerging risk trends and, as appropriate, recommended remedial strategies, 
liquidity stress testing, contingency funding plans, and collateral management. 

Our  Funding  and  Liquidity  unit’s  primary  goals  are  to  deliver  and  maintain  prudent  levels  of  operating 
liquidity  to  support  expected  and  projected  funding  requirements,  contingent  liquidity  to  support  unexpected 
funding  requirements  resulting  from  idiosyncratic,  systemic,  and  combination  stress  events,  and  regulatory 
liquidity requirements in a timely manner from stable and cost-efficient funding sources. We seek to accomplish 
these  goals  by  funding  loans  with  stable  deposits,  by  prudently  controlling  dependence  on  wholesale  funding, 
particularly  short-term  unsecured  funding,  and  by  maintaining  ample  available  liquidity,  including  a  contingent 
liquidity buffer of unencumbered high-quality loans and securities.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 59

 
 
 
 
 
We maintain a contingency funding plan designed to ensure that liquidity sources are sufficient to meet 
ongoing obligations and commitments, particularly in a stressed environment or during a market disruption. The 
plan identifies members of the liquidity contingency team and provides a framework for management to follow, 
including notification and escalation of potential liquidity stress events.

In response to the recent U.S. bank failures, the FRB established the Bank Term Funding Program to make 
additional  funding  available  to  eligible  depository  institutions  to  ensure  the  ability  to  meet  the  needs  of  all 
depositors. This program was designed to provide another source of liquidity against the par value of high-quality 
securities, eliminating the need to sell these securities during times of stress. The Company is eligible to borrow 
under this program, which expires in March 2024, based on its existing eligibility for primary credit under the FRB 
discount  window.  The  Company  has  taken  steps  to  support  readiness  but  has  not  participated  in  the  program 
through December 31, 2023.

As of December 31, 2023:

• Organically generated deposits continue to be our primary source of funding, resulting in a consolidated 

period-end loans-to-deposits ratio, excluding LHFS, of 82.3%;

◦

Estimated  insured/secured  deposits  comprise  71%  of  our  consolidated  deposit  base  of  $177.3 
billion.

• Our  total  available  liquidity,  comprised  of  contingent  liquidity  and  available  discount  window  capacity, 

was approximately $78.8 billion; 

◦

◦

Contingent  liquidity  was  $57.1  billion,  consisting  of  unencumbered  high-quality  liquid  securities 
of $31.4 billion, unused FHLB capacity of $15.9 billion, and our cash balances at the FRB of $9.8 
billion; and

Available  discount  window  capacity  was  $21.7  billion,  defined  as  available  total  borrowing 
capacity from the FRB based on identified collateral, which is primarily secured by non-mortgage 
commercial and retail loans.

For a summary of our sources and uses of cash by type of activity for the years ended December 31, 2023, 

2022 and 2021, see the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in Item 8.

The  Funding  and  Liquidity  unit  monitors  a  variety  of  liquidity  and  funding  metrics  and  early  warning 
indicators and metrics, including specific risk thresholds limits. These monitoring tools are broadly classified as 
follows:

•

•

•

Current  liquidity  sources  and  capacities,  including  cash  balances  at  the  FRB,  free  and  liquid  securities, 
and secured borrowing capacity at the FHLB and FRB discount window; 

Liquidity stress sources, including idiosyncratic, systemic and combined stresses, in addition to evolving 
regulatory requirements; and 

Current  and  prospective  exposures,  including  secured  and  unsecured  wholesale  funding,  and  spot  and 
cumulative cash-flow gaps across a variety of horizons. 

Further, certain of these metrics are monitored individually for CBNA and for our consolidated enterprise 
on a daily basis, including cash position, unencumbered securities, asset liquidity and available FHLB borrowing 
capacity.  In  order  to  identify  emerging  trends  and  risks  and  inform  funding  decisions,  specific  metrics  are  also 
forecasted over a one-year horizon.

Contractual Obligations

In  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  we  enter  into  contractual  obligations  that  may  require  future  cash 
payments, including customer deposit maturities and withdrawals, debt service, lease obligations and other cash 
commitments. For more information regarding these obligations, see Notes 9, 12 and 13.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We  engage  in  a  variety  of  activities  that  are  not  reflected  in  our  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  that  are 
generally referred to as “off-balance sheet arrangements.” For more information on these types of activities, see 
Note 19. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 60

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Report are prepared in accordance with 
GAAP.  The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  us  to  establish  accounting 
policies and make estimates that affect amounts reported in our audited Consolidated Financial Statements. 

An accounting estimate requires assumptions and judgments about uncertain matters that could have a 
material  effect  on  our  audited  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  Estimates  are  made  using  facts  and 
circumstances  known  at  a  point  in  time.  Changes  in  those  facts  and  circumstances  could  produce  results 
substantially  different  from  those  estimates.  Our  most  significant  accounting  policies  and  estimates  and  their 
related application are discussed below. See Note 1 for further discussion of our significant accounting policies.

Allowance for Credit Losses

The ACL increased from $2.2 billion at December 31, 2022 to $2.3 billion at December 31, 2023.

Our ACL as of December 31, 2023 accounts for an economic forecast over our two-year reasonable and 
supportable  period  with  peak  unemployment  of  approximately  5%  and  peak-to-trough  GDP  decline  of 
approximately 0.4%. This forecast reflects a mild recession over the two-year reasonable and supportable period. 
This compares to our December 31, 2022 forecast which reflected peak unemployment of approximately 6% with 
a more adverse peak-to-trough GDP decline of approximately 1.4%.

Our determination of the ACL is sensitive to changes in forecasted macroeconomic conditions during the 
reasonable and supportable forecast period. To illustrate the sensitivity, we applied a more pessimistic scenario 
than  that  described  above  which  reflects  deeper  real  GDP  contraction  across  our  two-year  reasonable  and 
supportable  forecast  period,  resulting  in  a  1.7%  peak-to-trough  decline  in  real  GDP.  Excluding  consideration  of 
qualitative adjustments, this scenario would result in a quantitative lifetime loss estimate of approximately 1.10x 
our  modeled  period-end  ACL,  or  an  increase  of  approximately  $233  million.  This  analysis  relates  only  to  the 
modeled credit loss estimate and not to the overall period-end ACL, which includes qualitative adjustments.

Because  several  quantitative  and  qualitative  factors  are  considered  in  determining  the  ACL,  this 
sensitivity analysis does not necessarily reflect the nature and extent of future changes in the ACL or even what 
the  ACL  would  be  under  these  economic  circumstances.  The  sensitivity  is  intended  to  provide  insights  into  the 
impact  of  adverse  changes  in  the  macroeconomic  environment  and  the  corresponding  impact  to  modeled  loss 
estimates.  The  hypothetical  determination  does  not  incorporate  the  impact  of  management  judgment  or  other 
qualitative factors that could be applied in the actual estimation of the ACL and does not imply any expectation 
of future deterioration in our loss rates.

It  remains  difficult  to  estimate  how  changes  in  economic  forecasts  might  affect  our  ACL  because  such 
forecasts consider a wide variety of variables and inputs, and changes in the variables and inputs may not occur 
at the same time or in the same direction, and such changes may have differing impacts by product type. The 
variables and inputs may be idiosyncratically affected by risks to the economy, including changing monetary and 
fiscal policies, impacts from the recent stress on the banking industry, and their impact on inflationary trends. 
Changes in one or multiple of the key macroeconomic variables may have a material impact to our estimation of 
expected credit losses.

For additional information regarding the ACL, see Note 6.

Goodwill

The  acquisition  method  of  accounting  requires  that  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  in  business 
combinations  are  recorded  at  their  fair  values.  Business  combinations  typically  result  in  goodwill,  which  is 
subject  to  ongoing  periodic  impairment  tests  based  on  the  fair  values  of  the  reporting  units  to  which  the  
goodwill has been attributed. We review the goodwill of each reporting unit for impairment on an annual basis as 
of  October  31st  or  more  frequently  if  events  or  circumstances  change  that  indicate  an  impairment  may  exist. 
When assessing goodwill for impairment, a qualitative assessment may be made to determine whether it is more-
likely-than-not  that  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  is  below  its  carrying  value.  Alternatively,  a  quantitative 
assessment  may  be  performed  without  performing  a  qualitative  assessment.  At  December  31,  2023,  goodwill 
totaled  $8.2  billion,  including  $6.9  billion  from  pre-IPO  acquisitions,  and  is  assigned  to  our  reporting  units  as 
follows: $5.5 billion to Commercial Banking, including $4.7 billion from pre-IPO acquisitions, and $2.7 billion to 
Consumer Banking, including $2.2 billion from pre-IPO acquisitions.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 61

The  process  of  evaluating  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  is  subjective,  involving  management 
assumptions  and  estimates  and  the  use  of  external  or  internal  valuations.  Valuation  techniques  include 
discounted cash flow and market approach analysis. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the quantitative impairment 
test  estimated  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  units  using  an  equal  weighting  of  an  income  approach  (i.e., 
discounted  cash  flows  method)  and  market-based  approach  (i.e.,  the  guideline  public  company  method).  The 
guideline public company method utilizes comparable public company information and key valuation multiples, 
and  considers  a  market  control  premium  associated  with  cost  synergies  and  other  cash  flow  benefits  that  arise 
from obtaining control over a reporting unit, and guideline transactions, when applicable.

Under the income approach, cash flow projections are based on multi-year financial forecasts developed 
for  each  reporting  unit  that  consider  key  business  drivers  such  as  new  business  initiatives,  customer  retention 
standards,  market  share  changes,  anticipated  loan  and  deposit  growth,  fees  and  expenses,  forward  interest 
rates,  historical  performance,  credit  performance,  and 
industry  and  economic  trends,  among  other 
considerations. The projection of net interest income and noninterest expense are the most significant inputs to 
the  financial  projections  of  the  Commercial  Banking  and  Consumer  Banking  reporting  units.  The  long-term 
earnings  growth  rate  used  in  determining  the  terminal  value  of  each  reporting  unit  was  3%  as  of  October  31, 
2023, based on management’s assessment of the minimum expected terminal growth rate of each reporting unit. 
Discount  rates  are  estimated  based  on  the  Capital  Asset  Pricing  Model,  which  considers  the  risk-free  interest 
rate, market risk premium, beta, and unsystematic risk adjustments specific to a particular reporting unit. The 
discount  rates  are  also  calibrated  based  on  risks  related  to  the  projected  cash  flows  of  each  reporting  unit.  A 
discount rate of 13% was utilized for the Commercial Banking and Consumer Banking reporting units as of October 
31, 2023.

We performed a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment in the fourth quarter of 2023 as part of our 
annual  impairment  assessment.  Based  on  this  quantitative  assessment,  we  concluded  that  the  estimated  fair 
value  of  the  Consumer  Banking  and  Commercial  Banking  reporting  units  exceeded  their  carrying  value.  The 
Commercial Banking reporting unit’s fair value exceeded its carrying value by approximately 10%. Circumstances 
that could negatively impact the future fair value of the Commercial Banking reporting unit include a sustained 
decrease  in  our  stock  price,  decline  in  industry  peer  multiples,  deterioration  in  the  reporting  unit’s  forecasts, 
and an increase in the discount rate driven by an increase in the risk-free rate or the risk we may not achieve our 
forecasted cash flows.

We monitored events and circumstances during the period from October 31, 2023 through December 31, 
2023,  including  macroeconomic  and  market  factors,  industry  and  banking  sector  events,  Company-specific 
performance indicators, a comparison of management’s forecast and assumptions to those used in its October 31, 
2023  quantitative  impairment  test,  and  the  sensitivity  of  the  October  31,  2023  quantitative  test  results  to 
changes in assumptions through December 31, 2023. Based on these considerations, management concluded that 
it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of either of its reporting units is below its respective carrying 
amount as of December 31, 2023.

For additional information regarding Goodwill, see Note 10.

Fair Value

We  asses  the  fair  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  by  applying  various  valuation  methodologies  which  may 
involve  a  significant  degree  of  judgment,  particularly  when  active  markets  do  not  exist  for  the  items  being 
valued.  Quoted  market  prices  are  used  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  certain  assets  such  as  trading  assets, 
investment  securities  and  residential  real  estate  loans  held  for  sale.  Assumptions  are  used  to  estimate  the  fair 
value of items for which an observable active market does not exist and include discount rates, rates of return on 
assets, repayment rates, cash flows, default rates, costs of servicing and liquidation values. The use of different 
assumptions could produce significantly different fair value estimates, which could have a material impact on our 
results of operations, financial condition or fair value disclosures.

We  also  assess  whether  there  are  any  declines  in  fair  value  below  the  carrying  value  of  assets  that 
require  recognition  of  a  loss  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations,  including  certain  investments, 
capitalized servicing assets, goodwill, and core deposit and other intangible assets.

For additional information regarding our fair value measurements, see Note 20.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 62

ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING DEVELOPMENTS

Accounting standards issued but not adopted as of December 31, 2023

Pronouncement
Improvements to Reportable 
Segment Disclosures

Issued November 2023

Improvements to Income Tax 
Disclosures

Issued December 2023

Accounting for and Disclosure of 
Crypto Assets

Issued December 2023

Summary of Guidance

Effects on Financial Statements

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Requires disclosure of significant segment 
expenses regularly provided to the chief 
operating decision maker (“CODM”)

Requires disclosure of an amount for other 
segment items by reportable segment and a 
description of its composition

Requires disclosure of the title and position of 
the CODM

Requires an annual income tax rate 
reconciliation table that includes specific 
categories and other significant categories, 
disaggregated by nature, that exceed 5% of 
income tax expense at the statutory tax rate

Requires a qualitative description of the states 
and local jurisdictions that make up more than 
50% of the effect of the state and local income 
tax category

Requires description of the nature, effect and 
underlying causes of the reconciling items and 
the judgment used in categorizing these items

Requires annual disclosure of income taxes 
paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by 
federal, state, and foreign taxes, and further 
disaggregated by individual jurisdictions that 
exceed 5% of total income taxes paid, net of 
refunds received

Requires disclosure of 1) income (or loss) from 
continuing operations before income tax 
expense (or benefit) disaggregated between 
domestic and foreign, and 2) income tax 
expense (or benefit) from continuing 
operations disaggregated by federal, state and 
foreign

Eliminates the requirement to disclose the 
nature and estimate of the change in 
unrecognized tax benefits expected in the next 
twelve months

Eliminates the requirement to disclose the 
cumulative amount of each type of temporary 
difference when a deferred tax liability is not 
recognized because of the exceptions to 
comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes 
related to subsidiaries and corporate joint 
ventures

Applies to assets that meet the definition of 
intangible assets, do not provide the asset 
holder with enforceable rights to goods, 
services or other assets, reside on a distributed 
ledger, are secured through cryptography, are 
fungible, and are not created or issued by the 
reporting entity or its related parties

Required to subsequently measure these assets 
at fair value

Required to present crypto assets measured at 
fair value separately from other intangible 
assets and changes from the remeasurement of 
crypto assets separately from changes in the 
carrying amounts of other intangible assets

•

•

•

•

Required effective date: January 1, 
2024 for our annual disclosures and 
January 1, 2025 for our interim 
disclosures. Early adoption is 
permitted.

Adoption is not expected to have a 
material impact on our Consolidated 
Financial Statements, but is 
expected to have a meaningful 
impact on our required disclosures in 
the Business Operating Segments 
Note to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

Required effective date: January 1, 
2025 for our annual disclosures and 
January 1, 2026 for our interim 
disclosures. Early adoption is 
permitted.

Adoption is not expected to have a 
material impact on our Consolidated 
Financial Statements, but is 
expected to have a meaningful 
impact on our required disclosures in 
the Income Taxes Note to the 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

•

•

Required effective date: January 1, 
2025, with early adoption permitted.

Adoption is not expected to have an 
impact on our Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 63

RISK GOVERNANCE

We are committed to maintaining a strong, integrated and proactive approach to the management of all 
risks to which we are exposed in pursuit of our business objectives. A key aspect of our Board’s responsibility as 
the main decision-making body is setting our risk appetite to ensure that the levels of risk that we are willing to 
accept in the attainment of our strategic business and financial objectives are clearly understood. 

To enable our Board to carry out its objectives, it has delegated authority for risk management activities, 
as well as governance and oversight of those activities, to a number of Board and executive management level 
risk committees. The Executive Risk Committee, chaired by the Chief Risk Officer, is responsible for oversight of 
risk across the enterprise and actively considers our inherent material risks, analyzes our overall risk profile and 
seeks  confirmation  that  the  risks  are  being  appropriately  identified,  assessed  and  mitigated.  Reporting  to  the 
Executive  Risk  Committee  are  the  following  committees  covering  specific  areas  of  risk:  Compliance  and 
Operational Risk, Model Risk, Credit Policy, Asset Liability, Business Initiatives Review, and Conduct and Ethics. 

Risk Framework 

Our risk management framework is embedded in our business through a “Three Lines of Defense” model 

which defines responsibilities and accountabilities for risk management activities.

First Line of Defense 

The  business  lines,  including  their  associated  support  functions,  are  the  first  line  of  defense  and  are 
accountable  for  identifying,  assessing,  managing,  and  controlling  the  risks  associated  with  the  products  and 
services they provide. The business lines are responsible for performing regular risk assessments to identify and 
assess  the  material  risks  that  arise  in  their  area  of  responsibility,  complying  with  relevant  risk  policies,  testing 
and certifying the adequacy and effectiveness of their operational and financial reporting controls on a regular 
basis, establishing and documenting operating procedures, and establishing a governance structure for identifying 
and managing risk. 

Second Line of Defense 

The  second  line  of  defense  includes  independent  monitoring  and  control  functions  accountable  for  the 
development  of  risk  and  control  frameworks  and  related  policies,  and  their  associated  implementation.  This 
centralized risk function is independent from the business and is accountable for overseeing and challenging our 
business  lines  on  the  effective  management  of  their  risks,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  credit,  market, 
operational, regulatory, reputational, interest rate, liquidity, legal and strategic risks. 

Third Line of Defense 

Our  Internal  Audit  function  is  the  third  line  of  defense  providing  independent  assurance  of  the 
effectiveness of our internal controls, governance practices, and culture so that risk is managed appropriately for 
the size, complexity, and risk profile of the organization. Internal Audit has complete and unrestricted access to 
all of our records, physical properties and personnel. Internal Audit issues a report following each internal review 
and provides an audit opinion to the Board’s Audit Committee on a quarterly basis. 

Credit Review reports to the Chief Audit Executive and provides the Board, senior management and other 
stakeholders with independent assurance on the quality of credit portfolios and adherence to agreed Credit Risk 
Appetite  and  Credit  Policies  and  processes.  In  line  with  its  procedures  and  regulatory  expectations,  the  Credit 
Review  function  undertakes  a  program  of  portfolio  testing,  assessing  and  reporting  through  four  Risk  Pillars  of 
Asset Quality, Rating and Data Integrity, Risk Management and Credit Risk Appetite. 

Risk Appetite 

Risk  appetite  is  a  strategic  business  and  risk  management  tool.  We  define  our  risk  appetite  as  the 
maximum  limit  of  acceptable  risk  beyond  which  we  could  be  unable  to  achieve  our  strategic  objectives  and 
capital adequacy obligations. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 64

Our  principal  non-market  risks  include  credit,  operational,  regulatory,  reputational,  liquidity  and 
strategic risks. We are also subject to certain market risks which include potential losses arising from changes in 
interest  rates,  foreign  exchange  rates,  equity  prices,  commodity  prices  and/or  other  relevant  market  rates  or 
prices. Market risk in our business arises from trading activities that serve customer needs, including hedging of 
interest  rates,  foreign  exchange  risk  and  non-trading  activities  within  capital  markets.  We  have  established 
enterprise-wide policies and methodologies to identify, measure, monitor and report on market risk. We actively 
manage both trading and non-trading market risks. See “Market Risk” for further information. Our risk appetite is 
reviewed and approved annually by the Board Risk Committee. 

Credit Risk 

Overview 

Credit  risk  represents  the  potential  for  loss  arising  from  a  customer,  counterparty,  or  issuer  failing  to 
perform  in  accordance  with  the  contractual  terms  of  the  obligation.  While  the  majority  of  our  credit  risk  is 
associated  with  lending  activities,  we  do  engage  with  other  financial  counterparties  for  a  variety  of  purposes 
including investing, asset and liability management, and trading activities. Given the financial impact of credit 
risk  on  our  earnings  and  balance  sheet,  the  assessment,  approval  and  management  of  credit  risk  represents  a 
major part of our overall risk-management responsibility. 

Objective 

The  independent  Credit  Risk  Function  is  responsible  for  reviewing  and  approving  credit  risk  appetite 
across all lines of business and credit products, approving larger and higher-risk credit transactions, monitoring 
portfolio performance, identifying problem credit exposures, and ensuring remedial management. 

Organizational Structure 

Management and oversight of credit risk is the responsibility of both the business line and the second line 
of defense. The second line of defense, the independent Credit Risk Function, is led by the Chief Credit Officer 
who oversees all credit  risk  and reports to the Chief Risk Officer. The Chief Credit Officer, acting in a manner 
consistent  with  Board  policies,  has  responsibility  for,  among  other  things,  the  governance  process  around 
policies,  procedures,  risk  acceptance  criteria,  credit  risk  appetite,  limits  and  authority  delegation.  The  Chief 
Credit Officer and team  also have responsibility for credit approvals for larger and higher-risk transactions and 
oversight  of  line  of  business  credit  risk  activities.  Reporting  to  the  Chief  Credit  Officer  are  the  heads  of  the 
second  line  of  defense  credit  functions  specializing  in:  Consumer  Banking,  Commercial  Banking,  Citizens 
Restructuring Management, Portfolio and Corporate Reporting, ALLL Analytics, Current Expected Credit Loss, and 
Credit Policy and Administration. Each team under these leaders is composed of experienced credit professionals. 

Governance 

The primary mechanisms used to govern our credit risk function are our consumer and commercial credit 
policies.  These  policies  outline  the  minimum  acceptable  lending  standards  that  align  with  our  desired  risk 
appetite. Material changes in our business model and strategies that identify a need to change our risk appetite 
or highlight a risk not previously contemplated are identified by the individual committees and presented to the 
Credit Policy Committee, Executive Risk Committee and the Board Risk Committee for approval, as appropriate. 

Key Management Processes 

We  employ  a  comprehensive  and  integrated  risk  control  program  to  proactively  identify,  measure, 
monitor,  and  mitigate  existing  and  emerging  credit  risks  across  the  credit  life  cycle  including  origination, 
account/portfolio management, and loss mitigation and recovery. 

Consumer

On the Consumer Banking side of credit risk, our teams use models to evaluate consumer loans across the 
life  cycle  of  the  loan.  Credit  scoring  models  are  used  to  forecast  the  probability  of  default  of  an  applicant  at 
origination.  When  approving  customers  for  a  new  loan  or  extension  of  an  existing  credit  line,  credit  scores  are 
used  in  conjunction  with  other  credit  risk  variables  such  as  affordability,  length  of  term,  collateral  value, 
collateral type, and lien subordination. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 65

Lending  authority  is  granted  by  the  second  line  of  defense  credit  risk  function  to  each  underwriter  to 
ensure  proper  oversight  of  the  underwriting  teams.  The  amount  of  delegated  authority  depends  on  the 
experience  of  the  individual.  We  periodically  evaluate  the  performance  of  each  underwriter  and  annually 
reauthorize  their  delegated  authority.  Only  senior  members  of  the  second  line  of  defense  credit  risk  team  are 
authorized  to  approve  significant  exceptions  to  credit  policies.  It  is  not  uncommon  to  make  exceptions  to 
established  policies  when  compensating  factors  are  present.  There  are  exception  limits  which,  when  reached, 
trigger a comprehensive analysis. 

Credit  scores  and  collateral  values  are  refreshed  at  regular  intervals  once  an  account  is  established  to 
allow  for  proactive  identification  of  increasing  or  decreasing  levels  of  credit  risk.  Our  approach  to  managing 
credit risk is highly analytical and, where appropriate, is automated to ensure consistency and efficiency. 

Commercial

On the Commercial Banking side of credit risk, risk management begins with defined credit products and 
policies and is separated into commercial and industrial loans, CRE and leases. Within commercial and industrial 
loans and leases there are separate verticals established for certain specialty products (e.g., asset-based lending, 
leasing,  franchise  finance,  health  care,  technology  and  mid-corporate).  A  “specialty  vertical”  is  a  stand-alone 
team  of  industry  or  product  specialists.  Substantially  all  activity  that  falls  under  the  ambit  of  the  defined 
industry  or  product  is  managed  through  a  specialty  vertical  when  one  exists.  CRE  also  operates  as  a  specialty 
vertical. 

Commercial  transactions  are  subject  to  individual  analysis  and  approval  at  origination  and,  with  few 
exceptions,  are  subject  to  a  formal  annual  review  requirement.  The  underwriting  process  includes  the 
establishment and approval of credit grades that establish the PD and LGD. All material transactions require the 
approval  of  both  a  business  line  approver  and  an  independent  credit  approver  with  the  requisite  level  of 
delegated  authority.  The  approval  level  of  a  particular  credit  facility  is  determined  by  the  size  of  the  credit 
relationship as well as the PD. The checks and balances in the credit process and the independence of the credit 
approver  function  are  designed  to  appropriately  assess  and  sanction  the  level  of  credit  risk  being  accepted, 
facilitate the early recognition of credit problems when they occur, and to provide for effective problem asset 
management  and  resolution.  All  authority  to  grant  credit  is  delegated  through  the  independent  Credit  Risk 
function and is closely monitored and updated annually at a minimum. 

The primary factors considered in commercial credit approvals are the financial strength of the borrower, 
assessment of the borrower’s management capabilities, cash flows from operations, industry sector trends, type 
and sufficiency of collateral, type of exposure, transaction structure, and the general economic outlook. While 
these  are  the  primary  factors  considered,  there  are  a  number  of  other  factors  that  may  be  considered  in  the 
decision  process.  In  addition  to  the  credit  analysis  conducted  during  the  approval  process  at  origination  and 
annual review, our Credit Review group performs testing to provide an independent review and assessment of the 
quality  of  the  portfolio  and  new  originations.  This  group  conducts  portfolio  reviews  on  a  risk-based  cycle  to 
evaluate individual loans and validate risk ratings, as well as test the consistency of the credit processes and the 
effectiveness of credit risk management. 

The maximum level of credit exposure to individual credit borrowers is limited by policy guidelines based 
on  the  perceived  risk  of  each  borrower  or  related  group  of  borrowers.  Concentration  risk  is  managed  through 
limits on industry asset class and loan quality factors. We focus predominantly on extending credit to commercial 
customers  with  existing  or  expandable  relationships  within  our  primary  markets,  although  we  do  engage  in 
lending  opportunities  outside  our  primary  markets  if  we  believe  that  the  associated  risks  are  acceptable  and 
aligned with strategic initiatives. 

Substantially  all  loans  categorized  as  Classified  are  managed  by  a  specialized  group  of  credit 

professionals.

MARKET RISK

Market  risk  refers  to  potential  losses  arising  from  changes  in  interest  rates,  foreign  exchange  rates, 
equity  prices,  commodity  prices  and/or  other  relevant  market  rates  or  prices.  Modest  market  risk  arises  from 
trading activities that serve customer needs, including the hedging of interest rate and foreign exchange risk. As 
described below, the market risk arising from our non-trading banking activities, such as the origination of loans 
and  deposit-gathering,  is  more  significant.  We  have  established  enterprise-wide  policies  and  methodologies  to 
identify,  measure,  monitor  and  report  market  risk.  We  actively  manage  market  risk  for  both  non-trading  and 
trading activities.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 66

Non-Trading Risk 

Our non-trading banking activities expose us to market risk. This market risk is composed of interest rate 
risk,  as  we  have  no  commodity  risk  and  de  minimis  direct  currency  and  equity  risk.  We  also  have  market  risk 
related to capital markets loan originations, as well as the valuation of our MSRs.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest  rate  risk  emerges  from  the  balance  sheet  after  the  aggregation  of  our  assets,  liabilities  and 
equity.  We  refer  to  this  non-trading  risk  embedded  in  the  balance  sheet  as  “structural  interest  rate  risk”  or 
“interest rate risk in the banking book.”

A  major  source  of  structural  interest  rate  risk  is  a  difference  in  the  repricing  of  assets  relative  to 
liabilities and equity. There are differences in the timing and drivers of rate changes reflecting the maturity and/
or  repricing  of  assets  and  liabilities.  For  example,  the  rate  earned  on  a  commercial  loan  may  reprice  monthly 
with  changes  in  the  benchmark  rate,  while  the  rate  paid  on  debt  or  certificates  of  deposit  may  be  fixed  for  a 
longer period. There may also be differences in the drivers of rate changes. Loans may be tied to a specific index 
rate such as SOFR or Prime, while deposits may not be as correlated with such rates and more dependent upon 
competitive  demand.  Due  to  these  basis  differences,  net  interest  income  is  sensitive  to  changes  in  spreads 
between certain indices or repricing rates.

A  primary  source  of  our  structural  interest  rate  risk  relates  to  faster  repricing  of  floating-rate  loans 
relative to core deposit funding. This source of asset sensitivity is more biased toward the short end of the yield 
curve.

The secondary source of our interest rate risk is driven by longer term rates comprising the rollover or 
reinvestment risk on fixed-rate loans, as well as prepayment risk on mortgage-related loans and securities funded 
by non-rate sensitive deposits and equity. 

Another  important  source  of  structural  interest  rate  risk  relates  to  the  potential  exercise  of  explicit  or 
embedded  options.  For  example,  most  consumer  loans  can  be  prepaid  without  penalty  and  most  consumer 
deposits can be withdrawn without penalty. The exercise of such options by customers can exacerbate the timing 
differences discussed above.

The  primary  goal  of  interest  rate  risk  management  is  to  control  exposure  to  interest  rate  risk  within 
policy limits approved by our Board. These limits and guidelines reflect our tolerance for interest rate risk over 
both short-term and long-term horizons. To ensure that exposure to interest rate risk is managed within our risk 
appetite,  we  measure  the  exposure  and  hedge  it,  as  necessary.  The  Treasury  Asset  and  Liability  Management 
team is responsible for measuring, monitoring and reporting on our structural interest rate risk position. These 
exposures are reported on a monthly basis to the Asset Liability Committee and at Board meetings. 

We  measure  structural  interest  rate  risk  through  a  variety  of  metrics  intended  to  quantify  both  short-
term and long-term exposures. The primary method we use to quantify interest rate risk is simulation analysis in 
which we model net interest income from assets, liabilities and hedge derivative positions under various interest 
rate scenarios over a three-year horizon. Exposure to interest rate risk is reflected in the variation of forecasted 
net interest income across these scenarios. 

Key assumptions in this simulation analysis relate to the behavior of interest rates and spreads, changes 
in product balances and the behavior of our loan and deposit customers in different rate environments. Repricing 
characteristics and balance fluctuations of deposits with indeterminate (i.e., non-contractual) maturities, as well 
as the pace of mortgage prepayments are the most significant behavioral assumptions. We utilize product level 
models that consider specific product characteristics and composition of the deposit portfolio, along with current 
and  forward-looking  market  dynamics,  to  project  deposit  rates.  Similarly,  we  employ  dynamic  prepayment  and 
mortgage rate models to project prepayment behaviors specific to each of our product offerings. These models 
are  developed  based  on  internal  performance  data  over  prior  interest  rate  cycles  and  calibrated  to  our 
experience  and  outlook  for  rates  across  a  diverse  set  of  market  environments.  We  assess  our  models  and 
assumptions  periodically  by  running  sensitivity  analyses  to  determine  the  impact  of  changes  to  inputs  or 
assumptions on our risk results, which are reported to the Asset Liability Committee.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 67

Since  we  cannot  predict  the  future  path  of  interest  rates,  we  use  simulation  analysis  to  project  net 
interest income under various interest rate scenarios including a “most likely” (implied forward) scenario, as well 
as a variety of extreme and unlikely scenarios. These scenarios may assume gradual ramping of the overall level 
of  interest  rates,  immediate  shocks  to  the  level  of  rates  and  various  yield  curve  twists  in  which  movements  in 
short- or long-term rates predominate. Generally, projected net interest income in any interest rate scenario is 
compared to net interest income in a base case where market-forward rates are realized. 

The table below reports net interest income exposures against a variety of interest rate scenarios. Our 
policies  involve  measuring  exposures  as  a  percentage  change  in  net  interest  income  over  the  next  year  due  to 
either instantaneous or gradual parallel changes in rates relative to the market implied forward yield curve. As 
the following table illustrates, our balance sheet is marginally asset-sensitive; net interest income would benefit 
from an increase in interest rates, while exposure to a decline in interest rates is within limits established and 
monitored  by  senior  management.  While  an  instantaneous  and  severe  shift  in  interest  rates  is  included  in  this 
analysis, we believe that any actual shift in interest rates would be more gradual and, therefore, have a more 
modest impact.

The table below presents the sensitivity of net interest income to various parallel yield curve shifts from 

the market implied forward yield curve: 

Table 27: Sensitivity of Net Interest Income

Basis points

Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates

+200

+100

-100

-200

Gradual Change in Interest Rates

+200

+100

-100

-200

Estimated % Change in
Net Interest Income over 
12 Months

December 31,

2023

2022

 — %

 0.5 

 (1.5) 

 (3.0) 

 0.4 %

 0.5 

 (1.0) 

 (1.9) 

 4.8% 

 2.4 

 (2.5) 

 (5.6) 

 2.7% 

 1.4 

 (1.4) 

 (3.0) 

We continue to manage asset sensitivity within the scope of our policy, changing market conditions and 
changes  in  our  balance  sheet.  The  Company’s  base  case  net  interest  income  assumes  the  forward-rate  path 
implied by the yield curve is realized, which reflects a Fed Funds rate of 4.25% at the end of 2024, reflecting five 
25 basis point reductions beginning in the second quarter of 2024. The rate risk exposure is then measured based 
on assumed changes from that base case rate path.

As of December 31, 2023, our asset sensitivity has shifted to a more neutral position compared to 2022. 
This  reflects  the  impacts  of  changes  in  our  balance  sheet  mix,  including  securities,  loans,  deposits,  borrowed 
funds and ongoing hedge activity, which is primarily comprised of received fixed swaps that offset our naturally 
asset-sensitive  balance  sheet.  Our  sensitivity  profile  exhibits  asymmetry  for  up  and  down  rate  scenarios  as  we 
expect to see incremental deposit migration to higher rate products in response to rising rate scenarios compared 
to declining rate scenario.

We  use  a  valuation  measure  of  exposure  to  structural  interest  rate  risk,  EVE,  as  a  supplement  to  net 
interest  income  simulations.  EVE  complements  net  interest  income  simulation  analysis  as  it  estimates  risk 
exposure  over  a  long-term  horizon.  EVE  measures  the  extent  to  which  the  economic  value  of  assets,  liabilities 
and off-balance sheet instruments may change in response to fluctuations in interest rates. This analysis is highly 
dependent  upon  assumptions  applied  to  assets  and  liabilities  with  non-contractual  maturities.  We  employ 
sophisticated  models  for  prepayments  and  deposit  pricing  and  attrition,  which  provide  a  granular  view  of  cash 
flows based on the unique characteristics of the underlying products and customer segments. The change in value 
is expressed as a percentage of regulatory capital. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 68

 
 
We use interest rate contracts as part of our ALM strategy to manage exposure to the variability in the 
interest  cash  flows  on  our  floating-rate  assets  and  wholesale  funding,  the  variability  in  the  fair  value  of  AFS 
securities, and to hedge market risk on fixed-rate capital markets debt issuances.

The following table presents interest rate derivative contracts that we have entered into as of December 

31, 2023 and 2022.

Table 28: Interest Rate Derivative Contracts Used to Manage Non-Trading Interest Rate Exposure
December 31, 2022

December 31, 2023

Weighted Average

Weighted Average

Notional 
Amount

Maturity 
(Years)

Fixed 
Rate

Reset 
Rate 

Notional 
Amount

Maturity 
(Years)

Fixed 
Rate

Reset 
Rate

$5,365   

6.2 

 3.8 %

 5.4 %  

$—   

— 

 — %

 — %

—   

500   

5,865 

— 

1.9 

 — 

 2.6 

 — 

 5.6 

1,000   

—   

1,000 

1.6 

— 

 2.7 

 — 

 4.7 

 — 

(dollars in millions)

Fair value hedges:

Asset conversion swaps:

AFS securities:

Pay fixed/receive SOFR

Liability conversion swaps:

Long-term borrowed funds:

Receive fixed/pay 3-month LIBOR

Receive fixed/pay SOFR

Total fair value hedges

Cash flow hedges:

Asset conversion swaps:

Loans:

Swaps

Receive fixed/pay SOFR

Receive fixed/pay SOFR - forward-starting

Receive fixed/pay 1-month LIBOR

Receive fixed/pay 1-month LIBOR - forward-
starting

17,780   

31,250   

—   

—   

0.8 

2.9 

— 

— 

Basis swaps

Receive SOFR/pay 1-month term SOFR

5,000   

1.0 

Receive SOFR/pay 1-month term SOFR - 
forward-starting

14,000   

2.7 

 4.0 

 3.3 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 5.4 

 4.6 

 — 

 — 

500   

13,500   

15,250   

2.7 

3.2 

3.8 

 3.5 

 3.0 

 1.8 

2,000   

5.2 

 2.9 

5.3/5.3  

—   

— 

5.2/5.1  

7,000   

3.3 

 — 

 — 

 4.3 

 4.5 

 4.3 

 4.9 

 — 

4.4/4.4

Floor 
Rate

Cap 
Rate

Floor 
Rate

Cap 
Rate

Options

Interest rate collars(1)
Interest rate collars - forward-starting(1)
Floor spreads - forward-starting(2)

Total cash flow hedges

Total hedges

1,000   

500   

2,500   

1.5 

2.5 

2.8 

 2.5 

 2.7 

2.2/3.2

 3.7 

 4.4 

 — 

—   

1,500   

—   

— 

2.8 

— 

 — 

 2.6 

 — 

 — 

 3.9 

 — 

72,030 

  $77,895 

39,750 

  $40,750 

(1) Weighted average floor and cap rates represent strike rates through which CFG will receive interest if the SOFR rate falls below the floor strike rate and pay 

interest if the SOFR rate exceeds the cap strike rate.

(2)  Weighted  average  floor  rate  represents  strike  rates  for  the  short  and  long  interest  rate  floors,  respectively.  CFG  will  receive  interest  if  the  SOFR  rate  falls 
below the upper strike rate and pay interest if the SOFR rate falls below the lower strike rate, effectively hedging the corridor between the two strike rates. 
The structure also includes a short cap and a long floor which are utilized to neutralize the initial premium.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the average active notional amounts for our interest rate derivatives, based 

on contract effective date, for the next five years:

Table 29: Average Active Notional for Interest Rate Derivative Contracts

(dollars in millions)

Fair value hedges

Pay fixed/receive SOFR(1)
Receive fixed/pay SOFR(2)

Cash flow hedges

Receive fixed/pay SOFR(2)
Receive SOFR/pay 1-month term SOFR

Interest rate collars

Floor spreads

Total

Weighted average receive fixed rate

Weighted average pay fixed rate

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Year Ended

$5,365 

$5,359 

$5,131 

$4,275 

$4,143 

500 

441 

— 

— 

25,783 

12,186 

1,260 

1,488 

30,094 

13,052 

1,001 

2,500 

21,900 

8,847 

240 

1,467 

7,589 

1,952 

— 

460 

— 

210 

— 

— 

— 

  $46,582 

  $52,447 

  $37,585 

  $14,276 

$4,353 

 3.2 %

 3.8 

 3.2 %

 3.8 

 3.5 %

 3.7 

 3.7 %

 3.7 

 2.6 %

 3.7 

(1) Pay fixed rate leg of the interest rate derivative contract is included in the computation of the weighted average pay fixed rate.
(2) Receive fixed rate leg of the interest rate derivative contract is included in the computation of the weighted average receive fixed rate.

Table 30: Pre-Tax Gains (Losses) Recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income on Cash Flow Hedges

(dollars in millions)

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) recognized in OCI

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest income

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest expense

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

($145)   

(596)   

— 

($1,806) 

(111) 

(4) 

Using the interest rate curve at December 31, 2023, we estimate that approximately $914 million in pre-
tax net losses related to cash flow hedge strategies will be reclassified from AOCI to net interest income over the 
next 12 months, including $460 million from terminated swaps. This amount could differ from amounts actually 
recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition of other hedges subsequent 
to December 31, 2023.

LIBOR Transition

In July 2017, the United Kingdom’s FCA announced that it would no longer require banks to submit LIBOR 
rates after 2021. On March 5, 2021, the FCA formally announced the future cessation of 1-week and 2-month U.S. 
Dollar LIBOR rates as of December 31, 2021, with all other U.S. Dollar LIBOR tenors ceasing as of June 30, 2023. 
In  the  United  States,  the  Alternative  Reference  Rates  Committee,  a  group  of  private-market  participants 
convened to help ensure a successful transition away from U.S. Dollar LIBOR, identified SOFR as its recommended 
alternative rate.

On March 15, 2022, the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act (the “LIBOR Act”) was signed into law, with 
the FRB adopting its final rule, effective February 27, 2023, to implement the LIBOR Act on December 16, 2022. 
The final rule addresses references to LIBOR in contracts that (i) are governed by U.S. law; (ii) will not mature 
before June 30, 2023; and (iii) lack fallback provisions providing for a clearly defined and practical replacement 
for LIBOR. The Company assessed the impact of this legislation and applied its provisions accordingly to transition 
its LIBOR contracts to an alternative rate.

As  of  June  30,  2023,  the  Company’s  transition  and  remediation  efforts  were  complete,  with  ongoing 
monitoring  for  LIBOR-based  financial  instruments  that  will  transition  to  alternative  rates  at  their  next  interest 
rate reset date.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Capital Markets

A key component of our capital markets activities is the underwriting and distribution of corporate credit 
facilities  to  finance  merger  and  acquisition  transactions  for  our  clients.  We  have  a  rigorous  risk  management 
process around these activities, including a limit structure capping our underwriting risk, potential loss, and sub-
limits for specific asset classes. Further, the ability to approve underwriting exposure is delegated only to senior 
level  individuals  in  the  credit  risk  management  and  capital  markets  organizations  with  each  transaction 
adjudicated in the Loan Underwriting Approval Committee.

Mortgage Servicing Rights

We have market risk associated with the value of residential MSRs, which are impacted by various types 

of inherent risks, including duration, basis, convexity, volatility and yield curve.

As part of our overall risk management strategy we enter into various free-standing derivatives, such as 
interest rate swaps, interest rate swaptions, interest rate futures and forward contracts to purchase mortgage-
backed securities to economically hedge the change in fair value of our MSRs. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, 
the fair value of our MSRs was $1.6 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, and the total notional amount of related 
derivative contracts was $15.1 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively. Gains and losses on MSRs and the related 
derivatives used for hedging are included in mortgage banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As with our traded market risk-based activities, earnings at risk excludes the impact of MSRs. MSRs are 
captured under our single price risk management framework that is used for calculating a management value at 
risk consistent with the definition used by banking regulators.

Trading Risk 

We  are  exposed  to  market  risk  primarily  through  client  facilitation  activities  including  derivatives  and 
foreign exchange products as well as underwriting and market making activities. Exposure is created as a result 
of changes in interest rates and related basis spreads and volatility, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, and 
credit  spreads  on  a  select  range  of  interest  rates,  foreign  exchange,  commodities,  equity  securities,  corporate 
bonds  and  secondary  loan  instruments.  These  securities  underwriting  and  trading  activities  are  conducted 
through CBNA and Citizens JMP Securities, LLC.

Client  facilitation  activities  consist  primarily  of  interest  rate  derivatives,  financially  settled  commodity 
derivatives and foreign exchange contracts where we enter into offsetting trades with a separate counterparty or 
exchange to manage our market risk exposure. In addition, we operate trading desks covering secondary loans, 
corporate  bonds,  and  equity  securities,  with  the  objective  of  meeting  secondary  liquidity  needs  of  our  issuing 
clients’ transactions and investor clients. We do not engage in any trading activities to benefit from short-term 
price differences. 

Market Risk Governance 

The process of setting our market risk limit is established in accordance with the formal enterprise risk 
appetite  process  and  policy,  which  reflects  the  strategic  and  enterprise  level  articulation  of  opportunities  for 
creating franchise value set to the boundaries of how much market risk to assume. Dealing authorities represent 
the key control tool in the management of market risk that allows the cascading of the risk appetite throughout 
the  enterprise.  A  dealing  authority  sets  the  operational  scope  and  tolerances  within  which  a  business  and/or 
trading  desk  is  permitted  to  operate,  which  is  reviewed  annually  at  a  minimum.  Dealing  authorities  are 
structured to accommodate client facing trades and hedges needed to manage the risk profile, with responsibility 
for  remaining  within  established  tolerances  residing  with  the  business.  Key  risk  indicators,  including  VaR,  open 
foreign  currency  positions  and  single  name  risk  are  monitored  daily  and  reported  against  tolerances  consistent 
with our risk appetite and business strategy to the appropriate business line management and risk counterparts.

Market Risk Measurement

We use VaR as a statistical measure for estimating potential exposure of our traded market risk in normal 
market  conditions.  Our  VaR  framework  for  risk  management  and  regulatory  reporting  is  the  same.  Risk 
management VaR is based on a one-day holding period to a 99% confidence level and regulatory VaR is based on a 
ten-day  holding  period  to  the  same  confidence  level.  In  addition  to  VaR,  non-statistical  measurements  for 
measuring risk such as sensitivity analysis, market value and stress testing are employed. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 71

Our  market  risk  platform  and  associated  market  risk  and  valuation  models  capture  correlation  effects 
across all our “covered positions” and allow for aggregation of market risk across products, risk types, business 
lines  and  legal  entities.  We  measure,  monitor  and  report  market  risk  for  management  and  regulatory  capital 
purposes. 

VaR Overview

The  market  risk  measurement  model  is  based  on  historical  simulation.  The  VaR  measure  estimates  the 
extent of any fair value losses on trading positions that may occur due to broad market movements (General VaR) 
such as changes in the level of interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices and commodity prices. It is 
calculated  on  the  basis  that  current  positions  remain  relatively  unaltered  over  the  course  of  a  given  holding 
period  with  the  assumption  that  markets  are  sufficiently  liquid  to  allow  the  business  to  close  its  positions,  if 
required,  within  this  holding  period.  Based  on  the  composition  of  our  “covered  positions,”  we  also  use  a 
standardized  add-on  approach  for  the  loan  trading  and  high  yield  bond  desks’  Specific  Risk  capital,  which 
estimates the extent of any losses that may occur from factors other than broad market movements. The General 
VaR  approach  is  expressed  in  terms  of  a  confidence  level  over  the  past  500  trading  days.  The  internal  VaR 
measure,  used  as  the  basis  of  the  main  VaR  trading  limits,  is  a  99%  confidence  level  with  a  one-day  holding 
period,  indicating  that  a  loss  greater  than  the  VaR  is  expected  to  occur,  on  average,  on  only  one  day  in  100 
trading  days  (i.e.,  1%  of  the  time).  Theoretically,  there  should  be  a  loss  event  greater  than  VaR  two  to  three 
times  per  year.  The  regulatory  measure  of  VaR  is  a  99%  confidence  level  with  a  ten-day  holding  period.  The 
historical market data applied to calculate the VaR is updated on a two-business day lag. Refer to “Market Risk 
Regulatory Capital” below for details of our ten-day VaR metrics for the quarters ended December 31, 2023 and 
2022. 

Market Risk Regulatory Capital 

The U.S. banking regulators’ “Market Risk Rule” covers the calculation of market risk capital. Under this 
rule  all  of  our  client  facing  trades  and  associated  hedges  maintain  a  net  low  risk  and  qualify  as  “covered 
positions.” The internal management VaR measure is calculated based on the same population of trades that is 
utilized for regulatory VaR. 

Table 31: Results of Modeled and Non-Modeled Measures for Regulatory Capital Calculations

(dollars in millions)

Market Risk Category 

Interest Rate

Foreign Exchange Currency Rate

Credit Spread

Commodity

General VaR

Specific Risk VaR

Total VaR

Stressed General VaR

Stressed Specific Risk VaR

Total Stressed VaR

Market Risk Regulatory Capital

Specific Risk Not Modeled Add-on

de Minimis Exposure Add-on

Total Market Risk Regulatory Capital

Market Risk-Weighted Assets

For the Three Months Ended 
December 31, 2023

For the Three Months Ended 
December 31, 2022

Period
 End

Average 

High

Low

Period
 End

Average 

High

Low

$3 

— 

1 

— 

4 

— 

$4 

$4 

— 

$4 

$33 

17 

1 

$51 

$3 

$5 

$2 

$3 

$2 

$3 

$1 

— 

2 

— 

3 

— 

$3 

$10 

— 

$10 

— 

2 

— 

5 

— 

$5 

$15 

— 

$15 

— 

2 

— 

2 

— 

$2 

$6 

— 

$6 

— 

1 

— 

4 

— 

$4 

$7 

— 

$7 

2 

2 

— 

6 

— 

$6 

$14 

— 

$14 

— 

1 

— 

3 

— 

$3 

$3 

— 

$3 

— 

2 

— 

5 

— 

$5 

$12 

— 

$12 

$39 

20 

— 

$59 

  $643 

  $739 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stressed VaR 

SVaR is an extension of VaR and utilizes a longer historical look-back horizon, fixed from January 3, 2005, 
to identify headline risks from more volatile periods and to provide a counterbalance to VaR, which may be low 
during periods of low volatility. The holding period for profit and loss determination is ten days. In addition to its 
utilization  for  risk  management  purposes,  SVaR  is  a  component  of  market  risk  regulatory  capital.  We  calculate 
SVaR daily under its own dynamic window regime whereby values of the ten-day, 99% VaR are calculated over all 
260-day  periods  that  can  be  obtained  from  the  complete  historical  data  set.  Refer  to  “Market  Risk  Regulatory 
Capital” above for SVaR metrics.

Sensitivity Analysis 

Sensitivity analysis is the measure of exposure to a single risk factor, such as a one basis point change in 
rates  or  credit  spread.  We  conduct  and  monitor  sensitivity  on  interest  rates,  basis  spreads,  foreign  exchange 
exposures,  option  prices  and  credit  spreads.  Since  VaR  is  based  on  previous  moves  in  market  risk  factors  over 
recent  periods,  it  may  not  be  an  accurate  predictor  of  future  market  moves.  Sensitivity  analysis  complements 
VaR as it provides an indication of risk relative to each factor irrespective of historical market moves and is an 
effective tool in evaluating the appropriateness of hedging strategies and concentrations.

Stress Testing 

Conducting a stress test of a portfolio consists of running risk models with the inclusion of key variables 
that  simulate  various  historical  or  hypothetical  scenarios.  For  historical  stress  tests,  profit  and  loss  results  are 
simulated for select time periods corresponding to the most volatile underlying returns, while hypothetical stress 
tests  aim  to  consider  concentration  risk,  illiquidity  under  stressed  market  conditions  and  risk  arising  from  our 
trading  activities  that  may  not  be  fully  captured  by  our  other  risk-measurement  methodologies.  Hypothetical 
scenarios  also  assume  that  market  moves  occur  simultaneously  and  no  repositioning  or  hedging  activity  takes 
place to mitigate losses as market events unfold. Stress tests of our trading positions are generated daily.

VaR Model Review and Validation 

Our  market  risk  measurement  models  are  independently  reviewed  and  subject  to  ongoing  performance 
analysis  by  the  model  owners.  This  independent  review  and  validation  focuses  on  model  methodology,  market 
data  and  performance  and  is  the  responsibility  of  Citizens’  Model  Risk  Management  and  Validation  team.  This 
team  challenges  the  assumptions  used  and  quantitative  techniques  employed,  including  the  theoretical 
justification supporting them, and performs an assessment of the soundness of the required data over time. The 
quantitative  impact  of  the  major  underlying  modeling  assumptions  is  estimated  (e.g.,  through  developing 
alternative models), if possible. The market risk models may be periodically enhanced due to changes in market 
price  levels  and  price  action  regime  behavior.  The  Market  Risk  Management  and  Validation  team  conducts 
internal  validation  before  a  new  or  changed  model  element  is  implemented  and  before  a  change  is  made  to 
market data mapping.

VaR Backtesting 

Backtesting is one form of validation of the VaR model and is run daily. The Market Risk Rule requires a 
comparison  of  our  internal  VaR  measure  to  the  actual  net  trading  revenue  (excluding  fees,  commissions, 
reserves, intra-day trading and net interest income) for each day over the preceding year (the most recent 250 
business days). Any observed loss in excess of the VaR number is taken as an exception. The level of exceptions 
determines the multiplication factor used to derive the VaR and SVaR-based capital requirement for regulatory 
reporting  purposes,  when  applicable.  We  perform  sub-portfolio  backtesting  as  required  under  the  Market  Risk 
Rule,  using  models  approved  by  our  banking  regulators  for  interest  rate,  credit  spread  and  foreign  exchange 
positions.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 73

The  following  graph  shows  our  daily  net  trading  revenue  and  total  internal,  modeled  VaR  for  the  year 

ended December 31, 2023.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 74

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES AND RECONCILIATIONS

For more information on the computation of non-GAAP financial measures, see “Introduction — Non-GAAP 
Financial  Measures,”  included  in  this  Report.  The  following  table  presents  computations  of  non-GAAP  financial 
measures representing our “Underlying” results used in the MD&A:

Table 32: Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Measures

(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Noninterest income, Underlying:

Noninterest income (GAAP)

Less: Notable items

Noninterest income, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Total revenue, Underlying:

Total revenue (GAAP)

Less: Notable items

Total revenue, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Noninterest expense, Underlying:

Noninterest expense (GAAP)

Less: Notable items

Noninterest expense, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Pre-provision profit:

Total revenue (GAAP)

Less: Noninterest expense (GAAP)

Pre-provision profit (non-GAAP)

Pre-provision profit, Underlying:

Total revenue, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Less: Noninterest expense, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Pre-provision profit, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Provision (benefit) for credit losses, Underlying:

Provision (benefit) for credit losses (GAAP)

Less: Notable items

Provision (benefit) for credit losses, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Income before income tax expense, Underlying:

Income before income tax expense (GAAP)

Less: Income (expense) before income tax expense (benefit) related to notable items

Income before income tax expense, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Income tax expense and effective income tax rate, Underlying:

Income tax expense (GAAP)

Less: Income tax expense (benefit) related to notable items

Income tax expense, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Effective income tax rate (GAAP)

Effective income tax rate, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Net income, Underlying:

Net income (GAAP)

Add: Notable items, net of income tax benefit

Net income, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Net income available to common stockholders, Underlying:

Net income available to common stockholders (GAAP)

Add: Notable items, net of income tax benefit

Net income available to common stockholders, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Return on average common equity and return on average common equity, Underlying:

Average common equity (GAAP)

Return on average common equity

Return on average common equity, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Year Ended December 31,

Ref.

       2023

       2022

A

B

C

D

E

F

C

E

D

F

G

H

I

J

I/G

J/H

K

L

M

N

O

M/O

N/O

$1,983 

— 

$1,983 

$8,224 

— 

$8,224 

$5,507 

506 

$5,001 

$8,224 

5,507 

$2,717 

$8,224 

5,001 

$3,223 

$687 

— 

$687 

$2,030 

(506) 

$2,536 

$422 

(149) 

$571 

 20.76 %

 22.48 

$1,608 

357 

$1,965 

$1,491 

357 

$1,848 

$2,009 

(31) 

$2,040 

$8,021 

(31) 

$8,052 

$4,892 

262 

$4,630 

$8,021 

4,892 

$3,129 

$8,052 

4,630 

$3,422 

$474 

169 

$305 

$2,655 

(462) 

$3,117 

$582 

(110) 

$692 

 21.93 %

 22.19 

$2,073 

352 

$2,425 

$1,960 

352 

$2,312 

$21,592 

$21,724 

 6.90 %

 8.56 

 9.02 %

 10.64 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Return on average tangible common equity and return on average tangible common equity, 
Underlying:

Average common equity (GAAP)

Less: Average goodwill (GAAP)

Less: Average other intangibles (GAAP)

Add: Average deferred tax liabilities related to goodwill and other intangible assets (GAAP)

Average tangible common equity

Return on average tangible common equity

Return on average tangible common equity, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Return on average total assets and return on average total assets, Underlying:

Average total assets (GAAP)

Return on average total assets

Return on average total assets, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Return on average total tangible assets and return on average total tangible assets, 
Underlying:

Average total assets (GAAP)

Less: Average goodwill (GAAP)

Less: Average other intangibles (GAAP)

Add: Average deferred tax liabilities related to goodwill and other intangible assets (GAAP)

Average tangible assets

Return on average total tangible assets

Return on average total tangible assets, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Efficiency ratio and efficiency ratio, Underlying:

Efficiency ratio

Efficiency ratio, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Noninterest income as a % of total revenue, Underlying:

Noninterest income as a % of total revenue

Noninterest income as a % of total revenue, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Operating leverage and operating leverage, Underlying:

Increase in total revenue

Increase in noninterest expense

Operating Leverage

Increase in total revenue, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Increase in noninterest expense, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Operating Leverage, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Tangible book value per common share:

Common shares - at period end (GAAP)

Common stockholders’ equity (GAAP)

Less: Goodwill (GAAP)

Less: Other intangible assets (GAAP)

Add: Deferred tax liabilities related to goodwill and other intangible assets (GAAP)

Tangible common equity

Tangible book value per common share

Net income per average common share - basic and diluted and net income per average 
common share - basic and diluted, Underlying:

Average common shares outstanding - basic (GAAP)

Average common shares outstanding - diluted (GAAP)

Net income per average common share - basic (GAAP)

Net income per average common share - diluted (GAAP)

Net income per average common share-basic, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Net income per average common share-diluted, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Year Ended December 31,

Ref.

       2023

       2022

O

P

M/P

N/P

Q

K/Q

L/Q

$21,592 

8,184 

177 

422 

$21,724 

7,872 

181 

413 

$13,653 

$14,084 

 10.92 %

 13.53 

 13.91 %

 16.41 

$222,221 

$215,061 

 0.72 %

 0.88 

 0.96 %

 1.13 

Q

$222,221 

$215,061 

R

K/R

L/R

E/C

F/D

A/C

B/D

8,184 

177 

422 

7,872 

181 

413 

$214,282 

$207,421 

 0.75 %

 0.92 

 66.97 %

 60.81 

 24.12 %

 24.12 

 2.53 %

 12.58 

 (10.05) %

 2.13 %

 8.00 

 (5.87) %

 1.00 %

 1.17 

 60.99 %

 57.51 

 25.04 %

 25.33 

 20.68% 

 19.88 

 0.80 %

 21.15 %

 16.46 

 4.69 %

S

 466,418,055 

 492,282,158 

$22,329 

8,188 

157 

433 

$14,417 

$30.91 

$21,676 

8,173 

197 

422 

$13,728 

$27.88 

 475,089,384 

 475,959,815 

 476,693,148 

 477,803,142 

$3.14 

3.13 

3.89 

3.88 

$4.12 

4.10 

4.86 

4.84 

T

T/S

U

V

M/U

M/V

N/U

N/V

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Dividend payout ratio and dividend payout ratio, Underlying:

Cash dividends declared and paid per common share

Dividend payout ratio

Dividend payout ratio, Underlying (non-GAAP)

Year Ended December 31,

Ref.

       2023

       2022

W

W/(M/U)

W/(N/U)

$1.68 

$1.62 

 54 %

 43 

 39 %

 33 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are presented in the “Market Risk” section of 

Part II, Item 7 and is incorporated herein by reference.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 77

 
 
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Management on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting   ....................................................................
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(PCAOB ID No. 34)    .................................................................................................................................................................

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  ...

Consolidated Balance Sheets  ..............................................................................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Operations      ..........................................................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income    ...................................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity  ...................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows     ..........................................................................................................................

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   ..................................................................................................................

Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies  ..........................................................................................................................

Note 2 - Acquisitions   ............................................................................................................................................................

Note 3 - Cash and Due from Banks   ...................................................................................................................................

Note 4 - Securities    ................................................................................................................................................................

Note 5 - Loans and Leases     ..................................................................................................................................................

Note 6 - Credit Quality and the Allowance for Credit Losses    ....................................................................................

Note 7 - Premises, Equipment and Software     .................................................................................................................

Note 8 - Mortgage Banking and Other    ..............................................................................................................................

Note 9 - Leases    ......................................................................................................................................................................

Note 10 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets ........................................................................................................................

Note 11 - Variable Interest Entities  ..................................................................................................................................

Note 12 - Deposits   .................................................................................................................................................................

Note 13 - Borrowed Funds   ..................................................................................................................................................

Note 14 - Derivatives   ...........................................................................................................................................................

Note 15 - Employee Benefit Plans     ....................................................................................................................................

Note 16 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)   ...................................................................................

Note 17 - Stockholders’ Equity    ..........................................................................................................................................

Note 18 - Share-Based Compensation  ..............................................................................................................................

Note 19 - Commitments and Contingencies   ...................................................................................................................

Note 20 - Fair Value Measurements    .................................................................................................................................

Note 21 - Noninterest Income  ............................................................................................................................................

Note 22 - Other Operating Expense     .................................................................................................................................

Note 23 - Income Taxes    .......................................................................................................................................................

Note 24 - Earnings Per Share      .............................................................................................................................................

Note 25 - Regulatory Matters   .............................................................................................................................................

Note 26 - Business Operating Segments    ..........................................................................................................................

Note 27 - Parent Company Financials        ............................................................................................................................

Page

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83

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85

86

87

88

90

90

92

96

96

100

102

116

117

118

120

121

124

125

126

129

131

132

133

134

136

142

144

144

147

148

149

152

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 78

REPORT OF MANAGEMENT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial 
reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s system of internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed,  under  the  supervision  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  the  Chief 
Financial  Officer,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted in the United States of America.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  all 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control over financial reporting as of 
December  31,  2023  based  on  the  framework  set  forth  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the 
Treadway  Commission  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  (2013).  Based  on  that  assessment, 
management concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is 
effective. 

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by Deloitte & 
Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their accompanying report appearing 
on page 83, which expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 79

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 
Providence, Rhode Island

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  and  its 
subsidiaries  (the  "Company")  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of 
operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in 
the  period  ended  December  31,  2023,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  "consolidated 
financial  statements").  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material 
respects,  the  financial  position  of  the  Company  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  and  the  results  of  their 
operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based 
on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  and  our  report  dated  February  16,  2024,  expressed  an  unqualified 
opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility 
is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public 
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in 
accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are 
free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to 
assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, 
and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis, 
evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also 
included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as 
evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial 
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate 
to  accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially 
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any 
way  our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical 
audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures 
to which they relate.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 80

Allowance for Credit Losses - Refer to Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses in its loan and lease portfolios is recorded in the ACL. The ACL 
is maintained at a level the Company believes to be appropriate to absorb expected lifetime credit losses over 
the contractual life of a loan or lease and on the unfunded lending commitments. The determination of the ACL 
is based on periodic evaluation of the loan and lease portfolios and unfunded lending commitments that are not 
unconditionally cancellable. A number of relevant underlying factors, including key assumptions and evaluation 
of quantitative and qualitative information, are considered.

Key assumptions used in the ACL measurement process include the use of a two-year reasonable and supportable 
economic forecast period followed by a one-year reversion period to historical credit loss information.

The quantitative evaluation of the adequacy of the ACL utilizes a single economic forecast as its foundation and 
is  primarily  based  on  econometric  models  that  use  known  or  estimated  data  as  of  the  balance  sheet  date  and 
forecasted data over the reasonable and supportable period. Known and estimated data include current PD, LGD 
and EAD for commercial loans, timing and amount of expected draws for unfunded lending commitments, FICO, 
LTV,  and  term  for  retail  loans.  The  mix  and  level  of  loan  balances,  delinquency  levels,  assigned  risk  ratings, 
previous  loss  experience,  current  business  conditions,  amounts  and  timing  of  expected  future  cash  flows,  and 
factors particular to specific commercial credits such as competition, business and management performance are 
also considered. Forward-looking economic assumptions include real gross domestic product, unemployment rate, 
interest rate curve, and changes in collateral values. This data is accumulated to estimate expected credit losses 
over  the  contractual  life  of  the  loans  and  leases,  adjusted  for  expected  prepayments.  Historical  information, 
such as financial statements for commercial customers or consumer credit ratings, may not be as important to 
estimating future expected losses as forecasted inputs to the models during volatile economic time periods.

The  ACL  may  also  be  affected  by  a  variety  of  qualitative  factors  that  the  Company  considers  that  are  not 
measured  in  the  statistical  procedures  including  uncertainty  related  to  the  economic  forecasts,  loan  growth, 
backtesting results, credit underwriting policy exceptions, regulatory and audit findings, and peer comparisons. 
The  qualitative  allowance  is  further  affected  by  sensitivity  analysis  for  certain  industry  sectors  or  loan  classes, 
including CRE office.

Given  the  size  of  the  loan  and  lease  portfolios  and  unfunded  commitments  and  the  subjective  nature  of 
estimating the ACL, including the estimated impact of the factors noted above and related economic forecasting 
uncertainty, auditing the ACL involved a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort. 

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the ACL for the loan and lease portfolios and unfunded commitments included 
the following, among others:

• We  tested  the  effectiveness  of  controls  over  the  (i)  selection  of  the  economic  forecasts,  (ii)  development, 
execution. and monitoring of the econometric models, (iii) estimation of management’s adjustments to the 
modeled reserves  in  the industry sectors facing challenges in the current macroeconomic environment, (iv) 
determination of the qualitative allowance, and (v) overall calculation and disclosure of the ACL.

• With the assistance of credit specialists, we (i) evaluated the reasonableness of the econometric models and 
related assumptions, (ii) assessed the reasonableness of design, theory, and logic of the econometric models 
for  estimating  expected  credit  losses,  (iii)  tested  the  accuracy  of  the  data  input  into  the  econometric 
models, and (iv) tested the arithmetic accuracy of the models’ calculations of the expected credit losses.  
• We  (i)  evaluated  the  appropriateness  and  relevance  of  the  qualitative  factors,  including  management’s 
consideration  of  the  economic  forecasting  uncertainty  and  adjustments  to  the  modeled  reserves  for  the 
industry  sectors  facing  challenges  in  the  current  macroeconomic  environment,  (ii)  tested  the  accuracy  and 
evaluated  the  relevance  of  the  historical  loss  data  used  in  determining  the  qualitative  allowance,  (iii) 
evaluated the reasonableness of the Company’s assessment and determination of the qualitative factors and 
related impact on the estimation of the qualitative allowance and (iv) tested the arithmetic accuracy of the 
calculation of the qualitative allowance. 

• We tested the arithmetic accuracy of the calculation of the overall ACL and assessed the reasonableness of 

the related disclosures.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 81

Goodwill – Refer to Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

Management  has  identified  and  assigned  goodwill  to  two  reporting  units,  Consumer  Banking  and  Commercial 
Banking. 

Management reviews the goodwill of each reporting unit for impairment on an annual basis as of October 31st or 
more frequently if events or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist.

Management performed a quantitative goodwill impairment test due to a triggering event in the third quarter of 
2023 in addition to performing a quantitative impairment test associated with its annual assessment date. In both 
instances,  the  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  reporting  units  was  determined  using  a  combination  of  income  and 
market-based approaches. Under the income approach, key assumptions included cash flow projections based on 
multi-year forecasts, long-term earnings growth rate, and discount rates. Under the market-based approach, key 
assumptions  included  determination  of  comparable  public  companies,  valuation  multiples,  and  utilization  of  a 
market  control  premium  associated  with  cost  synergies  and  other  cash  flow  benefits  that  arise  from  obtaining 
control over a reporting unit, and guideline transactions, when applicable.

We  identified  the  goodwill  impairment  tests  as  a  critical  audit  matter  because  these  fair  value  determinations 
require management to make significant estimates and assumptions. Performing audit procedures to evaluate the 
reasonableness of these estimates and assumptions required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased 
extent of effort, including the involvement of our valuation specialists.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our  audit  procedures  related  to  the  valuation  of  the  Company’s  reporting  units  included  the  following,  among 
others:

• We  tested  the  design,  implementation,  and  operating  effectiveness  of  internal  controls  over  the  goodwill 
impairment  tests,  including  controls  over  the  (i)  accounting  and  valuation  conclusions  reached  by 
management,  (ii)  relevant  business  and  valuation  assumptions,  and  (iii)  determination  of  its  operating 
segments and reporting units.  

• With  the  assistance  of  internal  valuation  specialists,  we  (i)  evaluated  the  appropriateness  of  the  valuation 
methodology used and the reasonableness of the valuation and business assumptions, including the selection 
of  discount  rates,  market  multiples,  and  long-term  earnings  growth  rate,  (ii)  assessed  the  mathematical 
accuracy  of  the  valuation  calculations,  and  (iii)  assessed  the  reasonableness  of  the  consolidated  Company 
valuation in comparison to the Company’s market capitalization. 

• We tested the completeness and accuracy of the data used in the valuation of the commercial and consumer 

reporting units.

• We  tested  the  reasonableness  of  Management’s  forecast  used  in  the  valuation  of  the  commercial  and 

consumer reporting units.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Boston, Massachusetts

February 16, 2024

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2000.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 82

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of 
Citizens Financial Group, Inc.
Providence, Rhode Island 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries 
(the  “Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2023,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated 
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In 
our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by COSO. 

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, 
of the Company and our report dated February 16, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated 
financial statements.

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and 
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying 
Report of Management on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with 
the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an  understanding  of  internal 
control  over  financial  reporting,  assessing  the  risk  that  a  material  weakness  exists,  testing  and  evaluating  the 
design  and  operating  effectiveness  of  internal  control  based  on  the  assessed  risk,  and  performing  such  other 
procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the  circumstances.  We  believe  that  our  audit  provides  a  reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  for 
external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control 
over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records 
that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the 
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of 
consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts 
and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and 
directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of 
unauthorized  acquisition,  use,  or  disposition  of  the  company’s  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the 
consolidated financial statements. 

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Boston, Massachusetts
February 16, 2024

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 83

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31,

2023

2022

(dollars in millions, except par value)

ASSETS:

Cash and due from banks(1)
Interest-bearing cash and due from banks
Interest-bearing deposits in banks(1)

Debt securities available for sale, at fair value (including $110 and $270 pledged to creditors, 
respectively)(2)

Debt securities held to maturity (fair value of $8,350 and $9,042, respectively, and including 
$204 and $110 pledged to creditors, respectively)(2)
Loans held for sale, at fair value

Other loans held for sale

Loans and leases 

Less: Allowance for loan and lease losses
Net loans and leases(1)
Derivative assets

Premises and equipment, net

Bank-owned life insurance

Goodwill
Other intangible assets(3)
Other assets(1)

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

LIABILITIES:

Deposits:

     Noninterest-bearing

Interest-bearing

          Total deposits

Short-term borrowed funds

Derivative liabilities
Long-term borrowed funds(1)
Other liabilities(1)

TOTAL LIABILITIES

Commitments and Contingencies (refer to Note 19)

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

Preferred Stock:

$1,794 

9,834 

405 

29,777 

9,184 

676 

103 

145,959 

(2,098)   

143,861 

440 

895 

3,291 

8,188 

157 

13,359 

$221,964 

$37,107 

140,235 

177,342 

505 

1,562 

13,467 

4,746 

197,622 

$1,489 

9,058 

303 

24,007 

9,834 

774 

208 

156,662 

(1,983) 

154,679 

842 

844 

3,236 

8,173 

197 

13,089 

$226,733 

$49,283 

131,441 

180,724 

3 

1,909 

15,887 

4,520 

203,043 

$25.00 par value,100,000,000 shares authorized; 2,050,000 shares issued and outstanding at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022

2,014 

2,014 

Common stock:

$0.01 par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 647,829,720 shares issued and 
466,418,055 shares outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 645,220,018 shares issued and 
492,282,158 shares outstanding at December 31, 2022

Additional paid-in capital

Retained earnings

Treasury stock, at cost, 181,411,665 and 152,937,860 shares at December 31, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(1) Includes amounts in consolidated VIEs. See Note 11 for additional information.
(2) Includes only collateral pledged by the Company where counterparties have the right to sell or pledge the collateral.
(3) Excludes MSRs, which are reported in Other assets.

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

6 

22,250 

9,816 

(5,986)   

(3,758)   

24,342 

$221,964 

6 

22,142 

9,159 

(5,071) 

(4,560) 

23,690 

$226,733 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 (dollars in millions, except per share data)

INTEREST INCOME:

Interest and fees on loans and leases

Interest and fees on loans held for sale

Interest and fees on other loans held for sale 

Investment securities 

Interest-bearing deposits in banks 

Total interest income

INTEREST EXPENSE:

Deposits

Short-term borrowed funds

Long-term borrowed funds

Total interest expense

Net interest income

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

Net interest income after provision (benefit) for credit losses

NONINTEREST INCOME:

Service charges and fees

Capital markets fees

Card fees

Trust and investment services fees

Mortgage banking fees

Foreign exchange and derivative products

Letter of credit and loan fees

Securities gains, net

Other income

Total noninterest income

NONINTEREST EXPENSE:

Salaries and employee benefits

Equipment and software

Outside services

Occupancy

Other operating expense

Total noninterest expense

Income before income tax expense

Income tax expense

NET INCOME
Net income available to common stockholders

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

Basic

Diluted

Per common share information:

Basic earnings

Diluted earnings

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$8,489   

$5,968   

$4,253 

73   

29   

1,162   

451   

67   

57   

840   

128   

82 

13 

487 

16 

10,204   

7,060   

4,851 

3,145   

43   

775   

3,963   

6,241   

687   

5,554   

410   

319   

296   

259   

242   

183   

168   

28   

78   

651   

23   

374   

1,048   

6,012   

474   

5,538   

420   

368   

273   

249   

261   

188   

159   

9   

82   

160 

1 

178 

339 

4,512 

(411) 

4,923 

409 

428 

250 

239 

434 

120 

156 

10 

89 

1,983   

2,009   

2,135 

2,599   

2,549   

2,132 

756   

687   

492   

973   

5,507   

2,030   

422   

$1,608   
$1,491

648   

700   

410   

585   

4,892   

2,655   

582   

$2,073   
$1,960  

610 

595 

333 

411 

4,081 

2,977 

658 

$2,319 
$2,206 

  475,089,384    475,959,815    425,669,451 

  476,693,148    477,803,142    427,435,818 

$3.14   

3.13   

$4.12   

4.10   

$5.18 

5.16 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(dollars in millions)

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Net unrealized derivative instruments gains (losses) arising during the periods, net of income 
taxes of ($39), ($466) and ($17), respectively

Reclassification adjustment for net derivative (gains) losses included in net income, net of 
income taxes of $161, $30 and ($34), respectively

Net unrealized debt securities gains (losses) arising during the periods, net of income taxes of 
$119, ($868) and ($172), respectively

Reclassification of net debt securities (gains) losses to net income, net of income taxes of $28, 
($2) and ($2), respectively

Employee benefit plans:

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$1,608   

$2,073   

$2,319 

(106)   

(1,340)   

(49) 

435   

85   

(101) 

350   

(2,608)   

(528) 

83   

(7)   

(8) 

 Actuarial gain (loss), net of income taxes of $15, ($15) and $19, respectively

28   

(37)   

Reclassification of actuarial (gain) loss to net income, net of income taxes of $5, $2 and $7, 
respectively

12   

12   

55 

26 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

Total comprehensive income (loss)

802   

(3,895)   

(605) 

$2,410   

($1,822)   

$1,714 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(dollars and shares in millions)

Preferred Stock

Shares Amount

Common Stock Additional 
Shares Amount

Paid-in 
Capital

Retained 
Earnings

Treasury 
Stock, at 
Cost

Accumulated 
Other 
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss)

Total

Balance at January 1, 2021

2    $1,965 

427   

$6    $18,940    $6,445    ($4,623)   

($60)    $22,673 

Dividends to common stockholders

Dividends to preferred stockholders

Preferred stock issued

Preferred stock redemption

Treasury stock purchased

Share-based compensation plans

Employee stock purchase plan

Total comprehensive income (loss):

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Total comprehensive income (loss)  

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

296 

(247)   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—   

—   

—   

—   

(6)   

1   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

43   

22   

(670)   

(113)   

—   

(3)   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

2,319   

—   

2,319   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(295)   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(670) 

(113) 

296 

(250) 

(295) 

43 

22 

—   

2,319 

(605)   

(605) 

(605)   

1,714 

Balance at December 31, 2021

2    $2,014 

422   

$6    $19,005    $7,978    ($4,918)   

($665)    $23,420 

Dividends to common stockholders

Dividends to preferred stockholders

Issuance of common stock - business 
acquisition

Treasury stock purchased

Share-based compensation plans

Employee stock purchase plan

Total comprehensive income (loss):

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Total comprehensive income (loss)  

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—   

—   

72   

(4)   

2   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(779)   

(113)   

3,036   

—   

77   

24   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

2,073   

—   

2,073   

—   

—   

—   

(153)   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(779) 

(113) 

3,036 

(153) 

77 

24 

—   

2,073 

(3,895)   

(3,895) 

(3,895)   

(1,822) 

Balance at December 31, 2022

2    $2,014 

492   

$6    $22,142    $9,159    ($5,071)   

($4,560)    $23,690 

Dividends to common stockholders

Dividends to preferred stockholders

Treasury stock purchased

Share repurchase excise tax

Share-based compensation plans

Employee stock purchase plan 

Cumulative effect of change in 
accounting principle

Total comprehensive income (loss):

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Total comprehensive income (loss)  

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—   

—   

(29)   

—   

2   

1   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

81   

27   

(808)   

(117)   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(906)   

(9)   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

(808) 

(117) 

(906) 

(9) 

81 

27 

—   

—   

—   

(26)   

—   

—   

(26) 

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

1,608   

—   

1,608   

—   

—   

—   

—   

1,608 

802   

802 

802   

2,410 

Balance at December 31, 2023

2    $2,014 

466   

$6    $22,250    $9,816    ($5,986)   

($3,758)    $24,342 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(dollars in millions)

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net change in cash due to operating activities:

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

Net change in loans held for sale, at fair value

Depreciation, amortization and accretion

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Share-based compensation

Net gain on sale of assets

Net (increase) decrease in other assets

Net increase (decrease) in other liabilities

Net change due to operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Investment securities:

Purchases of debt securities available for sale 

Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of debt securities available for sale

Proceeds from sales of debt securities available for sale

Proceeds from maturities and paydowns of debt securities held to maturity

Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits in banks
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(1)
Purchases of loans

Sales of loans

Net (increase) decrease in loans and leases

Capital expenditures, net

Purchases of bank-owned life insurance

Other

Net change due to investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Net increase (decrease) in deposits

Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowed funds

Proceeds from issuance of long-term borrowed funds

Repayments of long-term borrowed funds

Treasury stock purchased

Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock

Redemption of preferred stock

Dividends paid to common stockholders

Dividends paid to preferred stockholders
Premium paid to exchange debt

Other

Net change due to financing activities

Net change in cash and cash equivalents(2)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period(2)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period(2)

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$1,608   

$2,073   

$2,319 

687   

98   

478   

(242)   

87   

(28)   

612   

474   

(411) 

1,733   

1,085 

565   

57   

84   

(9)   

625 

(429) 

59 

(11) 

(1,894)   

(1,719) 

(339)   

2,961   

1,036   

4,119   

757 

2,275 

(10,087)   

(10,776)   

(12,406) 

2,001   

2,941   

761   

(102)   

—   

—   

3,422   

1,178   

1,035   

13   

(255)   

7,810 

790 

1,006 

(10) 

(165) 

(1,007)   

(3,778) 

2,793   

2,677   

934 

7,174   

(7,927)   

(3,177) 

(172)   

—   

(61)   

(126)   

(100)   

(771)   

(124) 

(1,050) 

(316) 

5,248   

(12,637)   

(10,486) 

(3,382)   

6,146   

7,197 

502   

(95)   

(154) 

25,983   

24,617   

— 

(28,418)   

(19,691)   

(1,352) 

(906)   

(153)   

—   

—   

(808)   

(120)   
—   

21   

—   

—   

(779)   

(113)   
—   

(25)   

(295) 

296 

(250) 

(670) 

(113) 
(1) 

(22) 

(7,128)   

9,907   

4,636 

1,081   

1,389   

(3,575) 

10,547   

9,158   

12,733 

  $11,628    $10,547   

$9,158 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions)

Supplemental disclosures:

Interest paid

Income taxes paid

Non-cash items:

Transfer of loans from portfolio to LHFS

Transfer of securities from AFS to HTM

Loans securitized and transferred to securities AFS

Investors Acquisition:

Fair value of assets acquired, excluding cash and cash equivalents

Goodwill and other intangible assets

Fair value of liabilities assumed

Common stock issued

Replacement equity awards

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$3,640   

375   

$989   

183   

$347 

1,247 

$2,617   

$—   

—   

8,563   

103   

143   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

27,113   

992   

24,982   

3,036   

19   

$— 

— 

260 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1) Primarily includes cash paid of $355 million to acquire Investors less $287 million in cash acquired, and $143 million and $23 million of cash paid for the HSBC 

transaction and acquisition of DH Capital, LLC, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(2) Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and interest-bearing cash and due from banks as reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Nature of Operations

The  Company  is  a  regional  bank  holding  company  organized  under  Delaware  law  and  headquartered  in 
Providence, Rhode Island. Through its bank subsidiary, CBNA, the Company provides a broad range of retail and 
commercial  banking  products  and  services  to  individuals,  small  businesses,  middle-market  companies,  large 
corporations and institutions. The Company’s retail branch network is primarily located in the New England, Mid-
Atlantic and Midwest regions, with certain lines of business serving national markets.

Basis of Presentation

The  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  include  the  accounts  of  Citizens  and  its  subsidiaries,  including 
VIEs in which Citizens is a primary beneficiary, and are presented in accordance with GAAP. Investments in VIEs 
in  which  the  Company  does  not  have  the  ability  to  exercise  significant  influence  are  not  consolidated.  All 
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

During  the  third  quarter  of  2023,  the  Company’s  indirect  auto  and  certain  purchased  consumer  loan 
portfolios  were  transferred  from  the  Consumer  Banking  segment  into  a  new  Non-Core  segment  to  reflect  the 
manner  in  which  management  is  currently  assessing  performance  and  allocating  resources.  Prior  period  results 
have been revised to conform to the new segment presentation. See Note 26 for additional information.

Use of Estimates

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  GAAP  requires  management  to  make 
estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. 
Actual  results  could  differ  from  those  estimates.  Material  estimates  that  are  particularly  susceptible  to 
significant  change  include  the  determination  of  the  ACL,  fair  value  measurements  and  the  evaluation  and 
measurement of goodwill impairment.

Significant Accounting Policies

The following table identifies the Company’s significant accounting policies and the Note and Page where 

a detailed description of each policy can be found.

Note

Page

Cash and Due From Banks

Securities

Loans and Leases

Allowance for Credit Losses and FDMs

Premises, Equipment and Software

Mortgage Servicing Rights

Leases

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Variable Interest Entities

Derivative Instruments

Employee Benefits

Treasury Stock

Employee Share-Based Compensation

Fair Value Measurement

Revenue Recognition

Income Taxes

Earnings Per Share

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

14

15

17

18

20

21

23

24

96

96

100

102

116

117

118

120

121

126

129

132

133

136

142

144

147

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 90

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2023

Pronouncement
Troubled Debt Restructurings 
and Vintage Disclosures

Issued March 2022

Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio 
Layer Method

Issued March 2022

Accounting for Investments in 
Tax Credit Structures Using the 
Proportional Amortization 
Method

Issued March 2023

Summary of Guidance

Effects on Financial Statements

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Effective date: January 1, 2023.

Eliminates the separate recognition and 
measurement guidance for TDRs.

Requires evaluation of all modifications to 
borrowers experiencing financial difficulty (or 
FDMs) to determine whether the modification 
results in a new loan or continuation of an 
existing loan.

Requires expected credit losses measured 
under a discounted cash flow method to be 
determined using an effective interest rate 
based on the modified (not original) 
contractual terms of the loan.

Enhances disclosures by creditors for 
modifications of receivables from borrowers 
experiencing financial difficulty in the form of 
principal forgiveness, an interest rate 
reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment 
delay or a term extension.

Requires disclosure of current period gross 
charge-offs by vintage year for loans and net 
investments in leases.

Transition is prospective, with an option to 
adopt the recognition and measurement  
guidance for TDRs on a modified retrospective 
basis, resulting in a cumulative-effect 
adjustment to retained earnings in the period 
of adoption.

Effective date: January 1, 2023.

Replaces the ‘last-of-layer’ method.

Allows the designation of multiple layers in a 
closed portfolio of financial assets.

Permits hedging of non-prepayable and 
prepayable assets.

Prohibits the consideration of basis 
adjustments when measuring expected credit 
losses of assets in the closed portfolio or 
determining whether an AFS security is 
impaired. 

The guidance on hedging multiple layers in a 
closed portfolio is applied prospectively. The 
guidance on the accounting for fair value basis 
adjustments is applied on a modified 
retrospective basis.

Effective date: January 1, 2024.

Permits use of the proportional amortization 
method of accounting for all tax equity 
investments provided that certain conditions 
are met.

Proportional amortization method is elected on 
a tax-credit-program-by-tax-credit-program 
basis.

Permits adoption under the modified 
retrospective method or retrospective method 
through a cumulative-effect adjustment to 
retained earnings as of the beginning of the 
current period or first period presented, 
respectively. Early adoption is permitted. 

The Company adopted the new 
standard on January 1, 2023, and 
elected to apply the new 
measurement and recognition 
guidance for legacy TDRs under the 
modified retrospective transition 
method.  

Adoption did not have a material 
impact on the Company’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 
Required disclosures and discussion 
of significant accounting policies for 
modifications to borrowers 
experiencing financial difficulty are 
included in Note 6.

The Company adopted the new 
standard on January 1, 2023.

Adoption did not have a material 
impact on the Company’s 
Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company adopted the new 
standard on January 1, 2023 for 
renewable energy and new markets 
tax credit investments under the 
modified retrospective approach.

Adoption resulted in a cumulative-
effect reduction of $26 million, net 
of taxes, to retained earnings and a 
corresponding reduction to other 
assets of $101 million and other 
liabilities of $75 million, reflecting 
the elimination of deferred tax 
liabilities associated with renewable 
energy investments that qualify for 
the proportional amortization 
method of accounting.

•

Refer to Note 11 for additional 
information.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 91

NOTE 2 - ACQUISITIONS  

Acquisition of HSBC

On February 18, 2022, CBNA closed on its HSBC transaction, which included 66 branches in the New York 
City  metropolitan  area,  9  branches  in  the  Mid-Atlantic/Washington  D.C.  area,  and  5  branches  in  Southeast 
Florida.  The  acquired  liabilities  and  assets  included  approximately  $6.3  billion  in  deposits  and  $1.5  billion  in 
loans. The transaction resulted in an increase to goodwill of $120 million, which was allocated to the Consumer 
business segment as of December 31, 2022.

The  impact  of  the  HSBC  transaction,  along  with  supplemental  pro  forma  information  as  if  the  HSBC 
transaction  had  occurred  on  January  1,  2021,  are  not  material  to  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations. 

The HSBC transaction was accounted for as a business combination. Accordingly, the assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed from HSBC were recorded at fair value as of the transaction date. The determination of fair 
value  requires  management  to  make  estimates  about  discount  rates,  future  expected  cash  flows,  market 
conditions and other future events that are highly subjective in nature and are subject to change. The fair value 
of  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  from  HSBC  were  deemed  final  as  of  June  30,  2022  and  are  not 
material to the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Investors Acquisition

On  April  6,  2022,  Citizens  completed  its  Investors  acquisition  pursuant  to  an  agreement  and  plan  of 
merger entered into on July 28, 2021. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, Investors merged with Citizens, 
with  Citizens  as  the  surviving  corporation,  and  Investors  Bank,  a  New  Jersey  state-chartered  bank  and  wholly-
owned  subsidiary  of  Investors,  merged  with  CBNA,  with  CBNA  as  the  surviving  bank.  The  Investors  acquisition 
built  Citizens’  physical  presence  in  the  Mid-Atlantic  region  with  the  addition  of  154  branches  located  in  the 
greater New York City and Philadelphia metropolitan areas and across New Jersey.

Upon  closing  of  the  acquisition,  each  share  of  Investors  common  stock  was  converted  into  0.297  of  a 
share  of  the  Company’s  common  stock.  This  conversion,  coupled  with  the  conversion  of  equity  awards  noted 
below  under  “Share-Based  Compensation  Activity”,  resulted  in  an  increase  of  approximately  73.6  million  basic 
and diluted shares. The Company also paid $1.46 in cash to shareholders of Investors for each share they owned.

The Investors acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. Accordingly, the assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed from Investors were recorded at fair value as of the closing date. The determination of 
fair  value  requires  management  to  make  estimates  about  discount  rates,  future  expected  cash  flows,  market 
conditions  and  other  future  events  that  are  highly  subjective  in  nature  and  are  subject  to  change.  Fair  value 
estimates related to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Investors were subject to adjustment for up 
to one year after the closing date as new information was obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as 
of the closing date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that 
date.

Share-Based Compensation Activity

Under the terms of the merger agreement with Investors, stock options and restricted shares granted by 
Investors  that  were  outstanding  as  of  April  6,  2022  were  converted  into  CFG  awards  and  remained  subject  to 
their  original  terms  and  conditions.  Citizens  issued  1,151,301  stock  options  and  259,316  restricted  shares  in 
connection with the transaction.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 92

The following table includes an allocation of the consideration paid for the fair value of the identifiable 

tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed from Investors:

(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Consideration

CFG common shares issued

CFG share price on April 6, 2022

Fair value of consideration for outstanding common stock

Cash paid

Consideration related to equity awards

Fair value of merger consideration

Assets acquired

Cash and equivalents

Investment securities

Loans held for sale

Net loans and leases

Premises and equipment

Core deposit intangible and other intangible assets
Other assets(1)

Total assets acquired

Liabilities assumed

Deposits

Borrowed funds
Other liabilities(1)

Total liabilities assumed

Less: Net assets
Goodwill(1)
(1) Reflects purchase accounting adjustments made during 2023.

April 6, 2022

72,148,855 

$42.08 

$3,036 

355 

19 

3,410 

287 

3,826 

2,162 

20,139 

62 

119 

919 

27,514 

20,217 

4,097 

677 

24,991 

2,523 

$887 

Goodwill  of  $887  million  recorded  in  connection  with  the  acquisition  resulted  from  the  expected 
synergies,  operational  efficiencies  and  expertise  of  Investors.  The  amount  of  goodwill  recorded  reflected  the 
increased  market  share  and  related  synergies  that  resulted  from  the  acquisition,  and  represents  the  excess 
purchase  price  over  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired  from  Investors.  The  goodwill  was 
allocated  to  the  Company’s  Commercial  Banking  and  Consumer  Banking  business  operating  segments  and  is  not 
deductible for income tax purposes.

Intangible  assets  from  the  Investors  acquisition  consisted  of  core  deposits  and  naming  rights.  For 

additional information regarding the Company’s goodwill and intangible assets see Note 10.

The  following  table  includes  the  fair  value  and  unpaid  principal  balance  of  the  loans  acquired  from 

Investors:

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Other retail

Total retail

Net loans and leases

April 6, 2022

Unpaid Principal 
Balance

Fair Value

$3,021   

13,310   

9   

16,340   

3,949   

267   

4   

4,220   

$20,560   

$2,899 

13,065 

9 

15,973 

3,889 

273 

4 

4,166 

$20,139 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair  value  as  of  April  6,  2022  reflected  a  credit  mark  of  $101  million  on  PCD  funded  loans  recorded 
through  purchase  accounting,  and  an  accretable  discount  of  $320  million  comprised  of  $179  million  in  interest 
rate mark and $141 million in non-PCD credit mark.

The following is a description of the methods used to determine the fair value of significant assets and 

liabilities:

Cash and Equivalents

The  carrying  amount  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  is  a  reasonable  estimate  of  fair  value  based  on  the 

short-term nature of these assets.

Investment Securities

Fair  value  estimates  for  AFS  securities  were  determined  by  third-party  pricing  vendors.  The  third-party 
vendors use a variety of methods when pricing securities that incorporate relevant market data to arrive at an 
estimate  of  what  a  buyer  in  the  marketplace  would  pay  for  a  security  under  current  market  conditions.  These 
methods include the use of quoted prices for an identical or similar security and an alternative market-based or 
income  approach  like  the  discounted  cash  flow  pricing  model.  Substantially  all  of  the  investment  securities 
acquired  in  connection  with  the  Investors  acquisition  were  sold  subsequent  to  closing  to  align  with  Citizens’ 
portfolio management strategy.

Loans held for sale

Loans held for sale are valued based on quoted market prices, where available, prices for other traded 
loans with similar characteristics, and purchase commitments and bid information from market participants. The 
prices are adjusted as necessary to take into consideration the specific characteristics of certain loans that are 
priced based on the pricing of similar loans.

Loans and Leases

Fair values for loans and leases are based on a discounted cash flow methodology that considered factors 
including type of loan and lease and related collateral, fixed or variable interest rate, term, amortization status, 
credit  loss  and  prepayment  expectations,  market  interest  rates  and  other  market  factors  (e.g.,  liquidity)  from 
the  perspective  of  a  market  participant.  Loans  and  leases  were  grouped  together  according  to  similar 
characteristics when applying various valuation techniques. The discount rates used are based on current market 
rates for new originations of comparable loans and leases and include adjustments for liquidity. The probability 
of default, loss given default, exposure at default and prepayment assumptions are the key factors driving credit 
losses which are embedded into the estimated cash flows.

Premises and Equipment

Fair value of premises is based on a market approach using third-party appraisals and broker opinions of 

value for land, office and branch space.  

Core Deposit Intangible

Fair  value  of  core  deposit  intangible  represents  the  value  of  certain  client  deposit  relationships, 
estimated utilizing the  favorable source of funds method. Appropriate consideration was given to deposit costs 
including  servicing  costs,  client  retention  and  alternative  funding  source  costs  at  the  time  of  acquisition.  The 
discount  rate  used  was  derived  taking  into  account  the  estimated  cost  of  equity,  risk-free  return  rate  and  risk 
premium for the market, and specific risk related to the asset’s cash flows. The core deposit intangible is being 
amortized over 10 years using an accelerated depreciation methodology.

Deposits

Fair  value  of  time  deposits  was  estimated  by  discounting  contractual  cash  flows  using  current  market 
rates for instruments with similar maturities. For deposits with no defined maturity, carrying value approximates 
fair value.

Borrowed Funds

The  fair  value  of  borrowed  funds  was  estimated  using  a  discounted  cash  flow  methodology  based  on 

current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of instruments.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 94

The  following  table  presents  the  financial  results  of  Investors  from  the  date  of  acquisition  through 
December  31,  2022.  Investors  was  fully  integrated  into  the  Company’s  processes  and  systems  during  the  first 
quarter of 2023; therefore, standalone financial results for Investors are no longer available.

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income

Noninterest income

Net income

April 6, 2022 through 
December 31, 2022

$627 

37 

287 

The following table presents unaudited supplemental pro forma financial information as if the Investors 
acquisition  had  occurred  on  January  1,  2021  and  includes  the  impact  of  (i)  amortizing  and  accreting  fair  value 
adjustments  associated  with  loans  and  leases,  (ii)  the  amortization  of  recognized  intangible  assets  and  the 
elimination  of  Investors’  historical  amortization  of  these  assets,  (iii)  the  elimination  of  Investors’  historical 
accretion  and  amortization  of  deferred  fees  and  costs  on  loans  and  leases,  (iv)  the  elimination  of  Investors’ 
historical  accretion  and  amortization  of  discounts  and  premiums  on  loans  and  leases,  debt  securities  and  long-
term borrowed funds and (v) the related estimated income tax effects. The pro forma financial information does 
not necessarily reflect the results that would have occurred had Citizens acquired Investors on January 1, 2021.

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income

Year Ended 
December 31,

2022

2021

$6,226   

$5,342 

Noninterest income
Net income(1)
(1) Excludes the acceleration of one-time executive compensation and Employee Stock Ownership Plan expenses of $122 million incurred by Investors in the first 

2,055   

2,408   

2,168 

2,376 

quarter of 2022.

In addition, the supplemental pro forma financial information includes non-recurring acquisition-related 
costs of $335 million incurred during the year ended December 31, 2022, as summarized in the following table. 
These  costs,  along  with  the  $13  million  incurred  during  2021,  are  included  in  the  first  quarter  of  2021  for  the 
purpose of reporting supplemental pro forma financial information presented above.

(dollars in millions)
Provision for credit losses(1)
Salaries and employee benefits(2)
Outside services(3)
Mark-to-market losses on LHFS portfolio(4)
Other operating expense

Total acquisition-related costs

Year Ended 
December 31, 2022

$145 

83 

61 

31 

15 

$335 

(1) Represents the initial provision for credit losses also recognized through a fair value mark as required by purchase accounting.  
(2) Comprised primarily of severance and employee retention costs.
(3) Comprised primarily of technology, legal, advisory, and other professional related fees.
(4) Represents mark-to-market losses on loans acquired from Investors classified as LHFS.

Under  CECL,  the  Company  is  required  to  determine  whether  purchased  loans  held  for  investment  have 
experienced  more-than-insignificant  deterioration  in  credit  quality  since  origination.  A  variety  of  factors  are 
considered  in  connection  with  the  identification  of  more-than-insignificant  deterioration  in  credit  quality 
including, but not limited to, nonperforming status, delinquency, risk ratings, TDR classification, FICO scores and 
other qualitative factors. The amortized cost of a PCD loan is initially measured by adding the acquisition date 
estimate of expected credit losses to the loan's purchase price. The initial ALLL for PCD loans of $101 million was 
established through an adjustment to the Investors loan balance and related purchase accounting mark. Non-PCD 
loans and PCD loans had a fair value of $15.6 billion and $4.5 billion at the acquisition date and unpaid principal 
balance of $15.9 billion and $4.7 billion, respectively. In accordance with U.S. GAAP there was no carryover of 
the  ACL  that  was  previously  recorded  by  Investors.  Subsequent  to  the  acquisition,  an  ACL  on  non-PCD  loans  of 
$145 million was recorded through provision expense for credit losses.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents PCD loan activity at the date of acquisition:

(dollars in millions)

Principal balance

ALLL at acquisition

Non-credit discount

Purchase price

April 6, 2022

$4,685 

(101) 

(72) 

$4,512 

NOTE 3 - CASH AND DUE FROM BANKS 

For  the  purpose  of  reporting  cash  flows,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  have  original  maturities  of  three 
months or less and include cash and due from banks and interest-bearing cash and due from banks. The Company 
had no material restrictions on the use or availability of its cash as of December 31, 2023 or 2022.

NOTE 4 - SECURITIES 

Investments include debt, equity and other securities. Citizens classifies debt securities as AFS, HTM, or 
trading  based  on  management’s  intent  to  hold  to  maturity  at  the  time  of  purchase.  Management  reserves  the 
right to change the initial classification of a security based on its intent to hold to maturity or as permitted by 
periodic changes in accounting guidance. Equity securities are recorded at fair value or at cost if there is not a 
readily determinable fair value.

Debt securities that will be held for indefinite periods of time and may be sold in response to changes in 
interest  rates  or  prepayment  risk,  among  other  factors,  are  classified  as  AFS  and  reported  at  fair  value,  with 
unrealized  gains  and  losses,  net  of  taxes,  reported  in  AOCI  as  a  separate  component  of  stockholders’  equity. 
Gains  and  losses  on  the  sale  of  AFS  securities  are  recognized  in  noninterest  income  in  the  Consolidated 
Statements of Operations and are computed using the specific identification method.

Debt securities for which the Company has the ability and intent to hold to maturity are classified as HTM 
and reported at amortized cost. Transfers of debt securities to the HTM classification are recognized at fair value 
at the date of transfer. 

Interest  income  for  AFS  and  HTM  debt  securities  is  recorded  on  the  accrual  basis  including  the 
amortization  of  premiums  and  the  accretion  of  discounts  utilizing  the  effective  interest  method  over  the 
estimated lives of the individual securities. Citizens uses actual prepayment experience and estimates of future 
prepayments  to  determine  the  constant  effective  yield  necessary  to  apply  the  effective  interest  method  of 
income  recognition.  Estimates  of  future  prepayments  are  based  on  the  underlying  collateral  characteristics  of 
each  security  and  are  derived  from  market  sources.  Judgment  is  involved  in  making  determinations  about 
prepayment  expectations  and  in  changing  those  expectations  in  response  to  changes  in  interest  rates  and 
macroeconomic  conditions.  The  amortization  of  premiums  and  the  accretion  of  discounts  associated  with 
mortgage-backed securities may be significantly impacted by changes in prepayment assumptions.

Securities  classified  as  trading  are  held  principally  for  sale  in  the  near-term  and  carried  at  fair  value, 
with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on such securities are 
reported in noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Equity securities primarily consist of FHLB and FRB stock carried at cost and money market mutual fund 
investments held by the Company’s broker-dealers carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in 
noninterest income. Equity securities are recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with those 
carried at cost reviewed at least annually for impairment. Valuation adjustments, to the extent necessary, are 
reported in noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 96

 
 
 
 
The following table presents the major components of securities at amortized cost and fair value:

(dollars in millions)

U.S. Treasury and other

State and political subdivisions

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government 
sponsored entities

Other/non-agency

Total mortgage-backed 
securities

Collateralized loan obligations

Total debt securities available for sale, 
at fair value

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government 
sponsored entities

Total mortgage-backed securities

Asset-backed securities

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amortized 
Cost(1)

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair 
Value

Amortized 
Cost

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair 
Value

$4,493   

$26   

($139)    $4,380 

$3,678   

1   

—   

—   

1 

2   

$1   

—   

($193)    $3,486 

—   

2 

26,289   

279   

26,568   

667   

45   

—   

45   

—   

(1,857)    24,477 

21,250   

(24)   

255 

280   

(1,881)    24,732 

(3)   

664 

21,530   

1,248   

10   

—   

10   

—   

(2,198)    19,062 

(29)   

251 

(2,227)    19,313 

(42)   

1,206 

  $31,729   

$71   

($2,023)    $29,777 

  $26,458   

$11   

($2,462)    $24,007 

$8,696   

8,696   

488   

$9   

9   

—   

($818)    $7,887 

(818)   

7,887 

(25)   

463 

$9,253   

9,253   

581   

$4   

4   

—   

($751)    $8,506 

(751)   

8,506 

(45)   

536 

Total debt securities held to maturity
Equity securities, at cost(2)
Equity securities, at fair value(2)
(1) Excludes portfolio level basis adjustments of $60 million for securities designated in active fair value hedge relationships. The basis adjustments represent a 

($796)    $9,042 

($843)    $8,350 

$—    $1,058 

$9,834   

$1,058   

$9,184   

$869   

153   

173   

$869 

$—   

$—   

$—   

$9   

$4   

173 

153 

—   

—   

—   

—   

reduction to the amortized cost of the securities being hedged.

(2) Included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Accrued interest receivable on debt securities totaled $125 million and $107 million as of December 31, 

2023 and 2022, respectively, and is included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity 
as of December 31, 2023. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have 
the right to call or prepay obligations with or without incurring penalties.

(dollars in millions)

Amortized cost:

U.S. Treasury and other

State and political subdivisions

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Other/non-agency

Collateralized loan obligations

Total debt securities available for sale

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Asset-backed securities

Total debt securities held to maturity

Total amortized cost of debt securities

Fair value:

U.S. Treasury and other

State and political subdivisions

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Other/non-agency

Collateralized loan obligations

Total debt securities available for sale

Mortgage-backed securities:

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

Asset-backed securities

Total debt securities held to maturity

Total fair value of debt securities

Distribution of Maturities

After 1 
Year 
through 5 
Years

1 Year                
or Less

After 5 
Years 
through 10 
Years

After 10       

Years

Total

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$3,015   

$1,478   

$—   

$4,493 

—   

—   

1   

1 

1,599   

2,157   

22,533   

26,289 

—   

—   

—   

100   

279   

567   

279 

667 

4,614   

3,735   

23,380   

31,729 

—   

488   

488   

—   

—   

—   

8,696   

8,696 

—   

488 

8,696   

9,184 

$—   

$5,102   

$3,735   

$32,076    $40,913 

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$2,906   

$1,474   

$—   

$4,380 

—   

—   

1   

1 

1,539   

2,049   

20,889   

24,477 

—   

—   

—   

100   

255   

564   

255 

664 

4,445   

3,623   

21,709   

29,777 

—   

463   

463   

—   

—   

—   

7,887   

7,887 

—   

463 

7,887   

8,350 

$—   

$4,908   

$3,623   

$29,596    $38,127 

Taxable  interest  income  from  investment  securities  as  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations  was  $1.2  billion,  $840  million  and  $487  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and 
2021, respectively.

The following table presents realized gains and losses on sale of securities:

(dollars in millions)

Gains

Losses

Securities gains, net

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$36 

$13 

(8)   

(4)   

$28 

$9 

$15 

(5) 

$10 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of debt securities pledged:

(dollars in millions)

Pledged against derivatives, to qualify for fiduciary powers, or to secure public and 

other deposits as required by law

Pledged as collateral for FHLB borrowing capacity

Pledged against repurchase agreements

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amortized 
Cost

Fair 
Value

Amortized 
Cost

Fair 
Value

$5,619   

$5,305 

$3,966   

$3,527 

242   

—   

220 

— 

244   

—   

217 

— 

The Company regularly enters into security repurchase agreements with unrelated counterparties, which 
involves the transfer of a security from one party to another, and a subsequent transfer of substantially the same 
security  back  to  the  original  party.  These  repurchase  agreements  are  typically  short-term  in  nature  and  are 
accounted  for  as  secured  borrowed  funds  in  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  The  Company 
recognized no offsetting of short-term receivables or payables as of December 31, 2023 or 2022.

Securitizations of mortgage loans retained in the investment portfolio for the years ended December 31, 
2023  and  2022  were  $102  million  and  $143  million,  respectively.  These  securitizations  include  a  substantive 
guarantee by a third party. The guarantors were FNMA and FHLMC in 2023 and 2022. The debt securities received 
from the guarantors are classified as AFS.

Impairment

Upon  purchase  of  HTM  investment  securities  and  at  each  subsequent  measurement  date,  Citizens  is 
required  to  evaluate  the  securities  for  risk  of  loss  over  their  life  and,  if  necessary,  establish  an  associated 
reserve. Recognition of a reserve for expected credit losses is not required if the amount the Company expects to 
realize is zero (commonly referred to as “zero expected credit losses”). The Company evaluated its existing HTM 
portfolio as of December 31, 2023 and concluded that 95% of HTM securities met the zero expected credit loss 
criteria  and,  therefore,  no  ACL  was  recognized.  Lifetime  expected  credit  losses  on  the  remainder  of  the  HTM 
portfolio were determined to be insignificant based on the modeling of the Company’s credit loss position in the 
securities.  The  Company  monitors  the  credit  exposure  through  the  use  of  credit  quality  indicators.  For  these 
securities, the Company uses external credit ratings or an internally derived credit rating when an external rating 
is not available. All securities were determined to be investment grade at December 31, 2023.

Citizens  reviews  its  AFS  debt  securities  for  impairment  at  the  individual  security  level  on  a  quarterly 
basis, or more frequently if a potential loss triggering event occurs. The initial indicator of impairment for AFS 
debt securities is a decline in fair value below its amortized cost basis. The Company recognizes an impairment 
loss for any security that has declined in fair value below its amortized cost basis if management has the intent 
to sell the security or if it is more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its 
amortized cost basis.

Estimating the recovery of the amortized cost basis of a debt security is based on an assessment of the 
cash flows expected to be collected. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected, discounted 
at the security’s original effective yield, is less than the amortized cost basis, impairment equal to the shortfall 
in cash flows has occurred and Citizens must evaluate whether any impairment is attributable to credit-related 
factors.  If  credit-related  factors  exist,  a  credit-related  impairment  has  occurred  regardless  of  the  Company’s 
intent to hold the security until it recovers. 

The credit-related portion of impairment is recognized as provision expense through the establishment of 
an  allowance  for  AFS  securities,  to  the  extent  the  allowance  does  not  reduce  the  carrying  value  of  the  AFS 
security  below  its  current  fair  value.  The  remaining  non-credit  related  portion  of  impairment  is  recognized  in 
OCI. Improvement in credit losses in subsequent periods results in a reversal of the allowance for AFS securities 
and  a  corresponding  decrease  to  provision  expense,  to  the  extent  the  allowance  does  not  become  negative. 
Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities is excluded from the balances used to calculate the allowance 
for AFS securities. All accrued and uncollected interest is immediately reversed against interest income when it is 
deemed uncollectible.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 99

 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables present AFS debt securities with fair values below their respective carrying values, 

separated by the duration the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:

(dollars in millions)

U.S. Treasury and other

Mortgage-backed securities:

December 31, 2023

Less than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

$49   

$— 

$3,245   

($139)   

$3,294   

($139) 

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

2,939   

(24)   

16,398   

(1,833)   

19,337   

(1,857) 

Other/non-agency

Total mortgage-backed securities

Collateralized loan obligations

Total

—   

— 

255   

(24)   

255   

(24) 

2,939   

(24)   

16,653   

(1,857)   

19,592   

(1,881) 

56   

— 

607   

(3)   

663   

(3) 

$3,044   

($24)    $20,505   

($1,999)    $23,549   

($2,023) 

(dollars in millions)

U.S. Treasury and other

Mortgage-backed securities:

December 31, 2022

Less than 12 Months

12 Months or Longer

Total

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses

Fair Value

$3,356   

($193)   

$—   

$— 

$3,356   

($193) 

Federal agencies and U.S. government sponsored entities

13,353   

(1,136)   

5,042   

(1,062)   

18,395   

(2,198) 

Other/non-agency

Total mortgage-backed securities

Collateralized loan obligations

80   

(8)   

171   

(21)   

251   

(29) 

13,433   

(1,144)   

5,213   

(1,083)   

18,646   

(2,227) 

785   

(26)   

421   

(16)   

1,206   

(42) 

Total

  $17,574   

($1,363)   

$5,634   

($1,099)    $23,208   

($2,462) 

Citizens does not currently have the intent to sell these debt securities, and it is not more likely than not 
that the Company will be required to sell these debt securities prior to recovery of their amortized cost bases. 
Citizens has determined that credit losses are not expected to be incurred on the AFS debt securities identified 
with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2023. The unrealized losses on these debt securities reflect non-credit-
related  factors  driven  by  changes  in  interest  rates.  Therefore,  the  Company  has  determined  that  these  debt 
securities are not impaired.

NOTE 5 - LOANS AND LEASES

Loans are classified as held for investment when management has the intent and ability to hold the loan 
for the foreseeable future, or until maturity or payoff. Loans held for investment are reported at the amount of 
their  outstanding  principal,  net  of  charge-offs,  unearned  income,  deferred  loan  origination  fees  and  costs,  and 
unamortized premiums and discounts on purchased loans. Deferred loan origination fees and costs and premiums 
and  discounts  on  purchased  loans  are  amortized  as  an  adjustment  of  yield  over  the  life  of  the  loan  using  the 
effective  interest  method.  Unamortized  amounts  that  remain  when  a  loan  is  prepaid  or  sold  are  recorded  as 
interest  income  or  gain  (loss)  on  sale,  respectively.  Credit  card  receivables  include  billed  and  uncollected 
interest and fees.

Interest  income  on  loans  is  determined  using  the  effective  interest  method,  which  calculates  periodic 
interest  income  at  a  constant  effective  yield  on  the  net  investment  in  the  loan,  providing  a  constant  rate  of 
return  over  the  loan  term.  Loans  accounted  for  using  the  fair  value  option  are  measured  at  fair  value  with 
corresponding changes reported in mortgage banking fees for residential mortgage LHFS and in capital markets 
fees for commercial LHFS in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Commitment fees for loans that are likely to be drawn down, along with other credit-related fees, are 
deferred  and  recognized  as  an  adjustment  to  the  effective  interest  rate  over  the  loan  term.  Commitment  fees 
are recognized over the commitment period on a straight-line basis if it is unlikely that a loan will be drawn down 
and are reported in letter of credit and loan fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Loans and leases are disclosed in portfolio segments and classes. The Company’s loan and lease portfolio 
segments are commercial and retail. The classes of loans and leases are: commercial and industrial, commercial 
real estate, leases, residential mortgages, home equity, automobile, education and other retail. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 100

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents loans and leases, excluding LHFS:

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail 

Total retail

Total loans and leases

December 31,

2023

2022

$43,826 

$51,836 

29,471 

1,148 

74,445 

31,332 

15,040 

8,258 

11,834 

5,050 

71,514 

28,865 

1,479 

82,180 

29,921 

14,043 

12,292 

12,808 

5,418 

74,482 

$145,959 

$156,662 

Accrued interest receivable on loans and leases held for investment totaled $875 million and $820 million 
as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  and  is  included  in  other  assets  in  the  Consolidated  Balance 
Sheets.

Loans  pledged  as  collateral  for  FHLB  borrowing  capacity,  primarily  residential  mortgages  and  home 
equity  products,  totaled  $36.0  billion  and  $38.4  billion  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively.  Loans 
pledged as collateral to support the contingent ability to borrow at the FRB discount window, if necessary, were 
primarily comprised of education, automobile, commercial and industrial, and commercial real estate loans, and 
totaled $31.9 billion and $34.8 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Loans are classified as held for sale when management does not have the intent and ability to hold the 
loan for the foreseeable future. LHFS for which the fair value option is not elected are carried at the lower of 
amortized cost or fair value less costs to sell, with any write-downs or subsequent recoveries recognized in other 
income  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations.  Citizens  has  elected  to  account  for  residential  mortgage 
LHFS and certain commercial LHFS at fair value. See Note 20 for additional information.

The following table presents the composition of LHFS:

(dollars in millions)

Loans held for sale at fair value

Other loans held for sale

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Residential 
Mortgages(1)

Commercial(2)

Total

Residential 
Mortgages(1)

Commercial(2)

Total

$614   

—   

$62   

103   

$676 

103 

$666   

—   

$108   

208   

$774 

208 

(1) Residential mortgage LHFS are originated for sale. 
(2) Commercial LHFS at fair value consist of loans managed by the Company’s commercial secondary loan desk. Other commercial LHFS primarily consist of loans 

associated with the Company’s syndication business.

Citizens leases equipment for commercial use with a primary focus on middle-market and mid-corporate 
clients for large capital equipment acquisitions including railcars, trucks and trailers, and other equipment. The 
determination  of  whether  an  arrangement  is  a  lease  and  the  related  lease  classification  are  made  at  lease 
inception.  Lease  terms  predominantly  range  from  three  to  ten  years  and  may  include  options  to  purchase  the 
leased property prior to the end of the lease term. The Company does not have lease agreements that contain 
both lease and non-lease components. 

A lessee is evaluated from a credit perspective using the same underwriting standards and procedures for 
a  loan  borrower.  A  lessee  is  expected  to  make  rental  payments  based  on  its  cash  flows  and  the  viability  of  its 
operations.  Leases  are  not  typically  evaluated  as  collateral-based  transactions  and,  therefore,  the  lessee’s 
overall financial strength is the most important credit evaluation factor.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  components  of  the  net  investment  in  direct  financing  and  sales-type  leases,  before  ALLL,  are 

presented below:

(dollars in millions)

Total future minimum lease rentals

Estimated residual value of leased equipment (non-guaranteed)

Initial direct costs

Unearned income

Total leases

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

$942 

322 

5 

(121)   

$1,193 

413 

5 

(132) 

$1,148 

$1,479 

Interest income on direct financing and sales-type leases for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 
and 2021 was $46 million, $46 million and $49 million, respectively, and is reported within interest and fees on 
loans and leases in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

A  maturity  analysis  of  direct  financing  and  sales-type  lease  receivables  at  December  31,  2023  is 

presented below:

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

Total undiscounted future minimum lease rentals

NOTE 6 - CREDIT QUALITY AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES 

Allowance for Credit Losses

(dollars in millions)

$258 

213 

156 

133 

84 

98 

$942 

The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses in its loan and lease portfolios is recorded in the ACL 
and  considers  extensive  historical  loss  experience,  including  the  impact  of  loss  mitigation  and  restructuring 
programs  that  the  Company  offers  to  borrowers  experiencing  financial  difficulty,  as  well  as  projected  loss 
severity as a result of loan default. The ACL is maintained at a level the Company believes to be appropriate to 
absorb  expected  lifetime  credit  losses  over  the  contractual  life  of  a  loan  or  lease  and  on  unfunded  lending 
commitments.  The  determination  of  the  ACL  is  based  on  periodic  evaluation  of  loan  and  lease  portfolios  and 
unfunded  lending  commitments  that  are  not  unconditionally  cancellable.  A  number  of  relevant  underlying 
factors,  including  key  assumptions  and  the  evaluation  of  quantitative  and  qualitative  information,  are 
considered.

Key  assumptions  used  in  the  ACL  measurement  process  include  the  use  of  a  two-year  reasonable  and 
supportable  economic  forecast  period  followed  by  a  one-year  reversion  period  to  historical  credit  loss 
information. The evaluation of quantitative and qualitative information is performed by assessing groups of assets 
that  share  similar  risk  characteristics  and  certain  individual  loans  and  leases  that  do  not  share  similar  risk 
characteristics  with  the  collective  group.  Loans  are  generally  grouped  by  product  type  (e.g.,  commercial  and 
industrial, commercial real estate, residential mortgage), and significant loan portfolios are assessed for credit 
losses using econometric models.

The  quantitative  evaluation  of  the  adequacy  of  the  ACL  utilizes  a  single  economic  forecast  as  its 
foundation  and  is  primarily  based  on  econometric  models  that  use  known  or  estimated  data  as  of  the  balance 
sheet date and forecasted data over the reasonable and supportable period. Known and estimated data include 
current  PD,  LGD  and  EAD  for  commercial  loans,  timing  and  amount  of  expected  draws  for  unfunded  lending 
commitments,  FICO,  LTV,    and  term  for  retail  loans.  The  mix  and  level  of  loan  balances,  delinquency  levels, 
assigned  risk  ratings,  previous  loss  experience,  current  business  conditions,  amount  and  timing  of  expected 
future  cash  flows,  and  factors  specific  to  commercial  credits  such  as  competition,  business  and  management 
performance are also considered. Forward-looking economic assumptions include real GDP, unemployment rate, 
interest rate curve, and changes in collateral values. This data is accumulated to estimate expected credit losses 
over  the  contractual  life  of  the  loans  and  leases,  adjusted  for  expected  prepayments.  Historical  information, 
such as financial statements for commercial customers or consumer credit ratings, may not be as important to 
estimating future expected losses as forecasted inputs to the models during volatile economic time periods.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 102

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The ACL may also be affected by a variety of qualitative factors that the Company considers that are not 
measured  in  the  statistical  procedures  including  uncertainty  related  to  economic  forecasts,  loan  growth, 
backtesting results, credit underwriting policy exceptions, regulatory and audit findings, and peer comparisons. 
The  qualitative  allowance  is  further  affected  by  sensitivity  analysis  for  certain  industry  sectors  or  loan  classes, 
including CRE office.

The measurement process results in specific or pooled allowances for loans, leases and unfunded lending 

commitments, and qualitative allowances that are determined and applied across the portfolio.

Certain loan portfolios don’t require an econometric model to calculate expected credit losses. For these 
portfolios, approaches that are less data intensive and non-modeled are utilized to estimate credit losses as they 
are considered more efficient and practical for portfolios that have outstanding balances that are not material 
(e.g.,  runoff  or  closed  portfolios,  new  products  or  products  that  are  not  significant  to  the  Company’s  overall 
credit risk exposure).

Loans  and  leases  that  do  not  share  similar  risk  characteristics  are  individually  assessed  for  expected 
credit  losses.  Nonaccrual  commercial  and  industrial,  and  commercial  real  estate  loans  with  an  outstanding 
balance  of  $5  million  or  greater  are  assessed  on  an  individual  loan  level  basis.  Generally,  measurement  of  the 
ACL on an individual loan or lease is the present value of its future cash flows or the fair value of its underlying 
collateral, if the loan or lease is collateral dependent. 

A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when repayment of the loan is expected to be provided 
substantially  through  the  operation  or  sale  of  the  underlying  collateral,  rather  than  by  cash  flows  from  the 
borrower’s operations, income or other resources. Generally, this occurs when cash flows to repay the loan from 
all  other  available  sources,  including  guarantors,  are  expected  to  be  no  more  than  nominal.  Loans  that  are 
deemed  to  be  collateral  dependent  are  written  down  to  the  fair  value,  less  costs  to  sell,  as  of  the  evaluation 
date and are reassessed each subsequent period, which may result in an increase or decrease to the ACL based 
on a corresponding change in the fair value of the collateral during the period. Any decrease to the ACL would be 
limited to the total amount previously written off for a given loan or lease.

Collateral  values  for  residential  mortgage  and  home  equity  loans  are  based  on  appraisals,  which  are 
updated every 90 days at a minimum, less estimated costs to sell. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company 
had  collateral-dependent  residential  mortgage  and  home  equity  loans  totaling  $556  million  and  $561  million, 
respectively.

Commercial loans are secured by various types of collateral, including real estate, inventory, equipment, 
accounts  receivable,  securities  and  cash,  among  others.  Collateral  values  are  generally  based  on  appraisals  for 
commercial  real  estate  loans,  which  are  updated  based  on  management  judgment  on  a  case-by-case  basis. 
At  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company  had  collateral-dependent  commercial  loans  totaling  $233 
million and $21 million, respectively.

The  amortized  cost  basis  of  mortgage  loans  collateralized  by  residential  real  estate  for  which  formal 
foreclosure  proceedings  were  in-process  was  $336  million  and  $250  million  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively.

Expected recoveries are considered in management’s estimate of the ACL and may result in a reduction 
to  the  ACL  balance.  A  negative  ACL  for  a  collateral  dependent  loan  exists  if  the  fair  value  of  the  collateral 
increases in a subsequent reporting period and cannot exceed the total amount previously charged off. Accrued 
interest receivable on loans and leases is excluded from asset balances used to calculate the ACL. 

The  Company  estimates  expected  credit  losses  associated  with  off-balance  sheet  financial  instruments 
such  as  standby  letters  of  credit,  financial  guarantees  and  unfunded  loan  commitments  that  are  not 
unconditionally  cancellable.  Off-balance  sheet  financial  instruments  are  subject  to  individual  reviews  and  are 
analyzed and segregated by risk according to the Company’s internal risk rating scale. These risk classifications, 
in  conjunction  with  historical  loss  experience,  current  and  future  economic  conditions,  timing  and  amount  of 
expected  draws,  and  performance  trends  within  specific  portfolio  segments,  are  considered  to  estimate  the 
allowance for unfunded lending commitments. The Company does not recognize a reserve for future draws from 
credit lines that are unconditionally cancellable (e.g., credit cards). 

The  ALLL  and  the  allowance  for  unfunded  lending  commitments  are  reported  in  the  allowance  for  loan 
and lease losses and other liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets . The provision for credit 
losses related to loan and lease portfolios and unfunded lending commitments is reported in provision (benefit) 
for credit losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 103

Loan Charge-Offs

Commercial loans are charged-off when available information indicates that a loan, or portion thereof, is 
determined to be uncollectible. The determination of whether to recognize a charge-off involves many factors, 
including the prioritization of the Company’s claim in bankruptcy, workout/restructuring expectations of the loan 
and valuation of the borrower’s equity or loan collateral. 

Retail loans are generally fully charged-off or written down to the net realizable value of the underlying 
collateral,  with  an  offset  to  the  ALLL,  upon  reaching  specified  stages  of  delinquency  in  accordance  with 
standards  established  by  the  FFIEC.  Residential  real  estate,  credit  card  and  unsecured  open-end  loans  are 
generally charged-off in the month when the account becomes 180 days past due. Auto, education and unsecured 
closed-end loans are generally charged off in the month when the account becomes 120 days past due. Certain 
retail  loans  will  be  charged-off  or  written  down  to  their  net  realizable  value  earlier  in  the  following 
circumstances:

•
•

FDMs that are determined to be collateral dependent.
Loans to borrowers who have experienced an event (e.g., bankruptcy) that suggests a loss is either known 
or highly certain. 

◦

◦

◦

Residential real estate and auto loans are written down to fair value less costs to sell within 60 
days  of  receiving  notification  of  the  bankruptcy  filing,  unless  repayment  is  likely  to  occur,  or 
when the loan subsequently becomes 60 days past due. 
Credit card loans are fully charged-off within 60 days of receiving notification of the bankruptcy 
filing or other event. 
Education  loans  are  generally  charged-off  when  the  loan  becomes  60  days  past  due  after 
receiving notification of a bankruptcy.

•

Auto loans are written down to fair value less costs to sell upon repossession of the collateral.

The following table presents a summary of changes in the ACL for the year ended December 31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Net charge-offs

Provision expense (benefit) for loans and leases

Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period

Provision expense (benefit) for unfunded lending commitments

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, end of period

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Commercial

Retail

Total

$1,060   

$923   

$1,983 

(285)   

18   

(267)   

457   

1,250   

207   

(32)   

175   

(472)   

130   

(342)   

267   

848   

50   

(5)   

45   

(757) 

148 

(609) 

724 

2,098 

257 

(37) 

220 

Total allowance for credit losses, end of period

$1,425   

$893   

$2,318 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, net charge-offs of $609 million and a provision for expected 

credit losses of $687 million resulted in an increase of $78 million to the ACL.

Our ACL as of December 31, 2023 accounts for an economic forecast over our two-year reasonable and 
supportable  period  with  peak  unemployment  of  approximately  5%  and  peak-to-trough  GDP  decline  of 
approximately 0.4%. This forecast reflects a mild recession over the two-year reasonable and supportable period.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 104

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  tables  present  a  summary  of  changes  in  the  ACL  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022 

and 2021:

(dollars in millions)

Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period

Allowance on PCD loans and leases at acquisition

Charge-offs(1)
Recoveries

Net charge-offs
Provision expense (benefit) for loans and leases(2)
Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period

Provision expense (benefit) for unfunded lending commitments

Allowance on PCD unfunded lending commitments at acquisition

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, end of period

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Commercial

Retail

Total

$821   

$937   

$1,758 

99   

(70)   

18   

(52)   

192   

1,060   

153   

53   

1   

207   

2   

(364)   

146   

(218)   

202   

923   

23   

27   

—   

50   

101 

(434) 

164 

(270) 

394 

1,983 

176 

80 

1 

257 

Total allowance for credit losses, end of period

$1,267   

$973   

$2,240 

(1) Excludes $34 million of charge-offs previously taken by Investors or recognized upon completion of the Investors acquisition under purchase accounting for the 
year ended December 31, 2022. The initial allowance for loan and lease losses on PCD assets included these amounts and, after charging these amounts off 
upon acquisition, the net impact for PCD assets was $101 million of additional allowance for loan and lease losses.

(2) Includes $169 million of initial provision expense related to non-PCD loans and leases acquired from HSBC and Investors for the year ended December 31, 2022.

(dollars in millions)

Allowance for loan and lease losses, beginning of period

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Net charge-offs

Provision expense (benefit) for loans and leases

Allowance for loan and lease losses, end of period

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, beginning of period

Provision expense (benefit) for unfunded lending commitments

Allowance for unfunded lending commitments, end of period

Total allowance for credit losses, end of period

Credit Quality Indicators

Year Ended December 31, 2021

Commercial

Retail

Total

$1,233   

$1,210   

$2,443 

(218)   

54   

(164)   

(248)   

821   

186   

(33)   

153   

(321)   

160   

(161)   

(112)   

937   

41   

(18)   

23   

(539) 

214 

(325) 

(360) 

1,758 

227 

(51) 

176 

$974   

$960   

$1,934 

The  Company  presents  loan  and  lease  portfolio  segments  and  classes  by  credit  quality  indicator  and 
vintage year. Citizens defines the vintage date for the purpose of this disclosure as the date of the most recent 
credit  decision.  Renewals  are  categorized  as  new  credit  decisions  and  reflect  the  renewal  date  as  the  vintage 
date, except for renewals of loans modified for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, or FDMs, which are 
presented in the original vintage.

Citizens  utilizes  internal  risk  ratings  to  monitor  credit  quality  for  commercial  loans  and  leases.  These 
ratings are assigned at loan origination and are periodically reevaluated utilizing a risk-based approach, annually 
at  a  minimum,  or  any  time  management  becomes  aware  of  information  affecting  a  borrower’s  ability  to  fulfill 
their  obligations.  The  reevaluation  process  considers  both  quantitative  and  qualitative  factors.  The  following 
categories are utilized to develop the ACL:

•

•

•

•

Pass - includes obligations where the probability of default is considered low and repayment in full is 
expected in accordance with the contractual loan terms;

Special  Mention  -  includes  obligations  that  have  potential  weakness  that,  if  left  uncorrected,  may 
result in deterioration of the Company’s credit position at some future date;

Substandard  Accrual  -  includes  obligations  that  have  well-defined  weaknesses  that  could  hinder 
normal repayment or collection of the debt, but are currently performing;

Nonaccrual - includes obligations where management has determined that full payment of principal 
and  interest  is  in  doubt.  For  more  information  on  nonaccrual  loans  and  leases  see  “Nonaccrual  and 
Past Due Assets” below.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For commercial and industrial loans, the performance of the borrower is monitored in a disciplined and 
regular manner based upon the level of credit risk inherent in the loan. To evaluate the level of credit risk, an 
internal  risk  rating  is  assigned  reflecting  the  borrower’s  PD  and  LGD.  This  two-dimensional  credit  risk  rating 
methodology provides granularity in the risk monitoring process. These ratings are generally reviewed annually at 
a minimum. The combination of the PD and LGD assigned ratings, which reflect credit quality characteristics as 
of the reporting date and are used as inputs into the loss forecasting process, capture both the expectation of 
default and loss severity in the event of default. Each loan is periodically reviewed by management based on the 
amount  of  the  lending  arrangement  and  risk  rating  assessment,  with  priority  given  to  those  loans  which  are 
perceived to be of higher risk, or loans for which credit quality is weakening (e.g., payment delinquency). Loans 
are proactively managed by utilizing various procedures that are customized to the risk of a given loan, including 
ongoing  outreach  to  the  borrower,  assessment  of  the  borrower’s  financial  condition  and  appraisal  of  the 
collateral.

Credit risk associated with commercial real estate loans is managed similar to commercial and industrial 
loans by evaluating PD and LGD. Risks associated with commercial real estate activities are typically correlated 
to the loan structure, collateral location, project progress and business environment. As a result, these attributes 
are  monitored  and  utilized  in  assessing  credit  risk.  Periodic  reviews  are  also  performed  to  assess  market/
geographic risk and business unit/industry risk, which may result in increased scrutiny on loans that are perceived 
to be of higher risk, had adverse changes in risk ratings and/or areas that concern management. These reviews 
are designed to assess risk and facilitate actions to mitigate such risks.

Credit risk associated with leases is managed similar to commercial and industrial loans by evaluating PD 
and LGD. Reviews are generally performed annually based upon the dollar amount of the lease and the level of 
credit  risk,  and  may  be  more  frequent  if  circumstances  warrant.  The  review  process  includes  analysis  of  the 
following  factors:  equipment  value/residual  value,  exposure  levels,  jurisdiction  risk,  industry  risk,  guarantor 
requirements, and regulatory compliance as applicable.

Commercial loans with renewal terms in the original contract are recognized as current year originations 
upon renewal unless the loan automatically renewed without a new credit decision. Citizens generally reserves 
the right to not renew the loan or lease until current underwriting is completed and approved.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 106

— 

8 

— 

— 

— 

8 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

121 

  24,486 

  1,992 

  2,516 

477 

  29,471 

164 

  1,072 

31 

42 

3 

  1,148 

— 

61 

  66,000 

— 

  3,188 

11 

  4,483 

6 

774 

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of commercial loans and leases by vintage date and 
internal risk rating as of December 31, 2023, and gross charge-offs by vintage date for the year ended December 
31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Prior to 
2019

Within the 
Revolving 
Period

Converted 
to Term

Total

Term Loans by Origination Year

Revolving Loans

Commercial and industrial

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

  $3,599 

  $6,338 

  $5,049 

  $1,254 

  $1,085 

  $2,031 

$21,033   

$53 

 $40,442 

59 

5 

1 

194 

175 

72 

354 

325 

51 

29 

212 

4 

48 

121 

5 

113 

284 

102 

368   

792   

53   

— 

  1,165 

11 

  1,925 

6 

294 

Total commercial and industrial

  3,664 

  6,779 

  5,779 

  1,499 

  1,259 

  2,530 

22,246   

70 

  43,826 

Gross charge-offs

Commercial real estate

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

1 

3 

34 

4 

1 

34 

44   

  1,906 

  5,791 

  6,062 

  2,555 

  2,294 

  3,895 

1,975   

— 

— 

1 

713 

277 

66 

539 

203 

2 

222 

469 

23 

183 

528 

144 

260 

939 

238 

75   

100   

3   

Total commercial real estate

  1,907 

  6,847 

  6,806 

  3,269 

  3,149 

  5,332 

2,153   

Gross charge-offs

Leases

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

Total leases

Gross charge-offs

Total commercial

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual
Total commercial(1)
Gross charge-offs

— 

95 

— 

3 

— 

98 

— 

— 

— 

56 

174 

27 

14 

— 

215 

— 

282 

1 

12 

3 

298 

— 

191 

1 

6 

— 

198 

— 

13 

62 

2 

4 

— 

68 

— 

95 

268 

— 

3 

— 

271 

— 

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

  5,600 

  12,303 

  11,393 

  4,000 

  3,441 

  6,194 

23,008   

59 

8 

2 

934 

466 

138 

894 

540 

56 

252 

687 

27 

233 

653 

149 

373 

  1,226 

340 

443   

892   

56   

  $5,669 

 $13,841 

 $12,883 

  $4,966 

  $4,476 

  $8,133 

$24,399   

$78 

 $74,445 

$1 

$3 

$34 

$60 

$14 

$129 

$44   

$— 

$285 

(1) In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company revised its presentation of commercial loans and leases by vintage date and internal risk rating to reflect how the 
Company  currently  manages  the  commercial  credit  portfolio.  The  Company  now  reports  Substandard  Accrual  and  Nonaccrual  ratings,  replacing  previously 
reported  ratings  of  Substandard  and  Doubtful,  respectively.  The  prior  period  presentation  was  revised  to  conform  to  the  new  presentation.  For  more 
information regarding the Company’s internal risk ratings, see “Credit Quality Indicators” above.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leases

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

Total leases

Total commercial

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual
Total commercial(1)

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of commercial loans and leases by vintage date and 

internal risk rating as of December 31, 2022:

(dollars in millions)

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

Prior to 
2018

Within the 
Revolving 
Period

Converted 
to Term

Total

Term Loans by Origination Year

Revolving Loans

Commercial and industrial

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

  $8,304 

  $8,469 

  $2,224 

  $2,074 

  $1,334 

  $1,952 

$24,211   

$148 

 $48,716 

124 

148 

12 

189 

210 

22 

120 

194 

10 

74 

254 

6 

48 

97 

43 

153 

330 

33 

364   

554   

119   

— 

  1,072 

12 

  1,799 

4 

249 

Total commercial and industrial

  8,588 

  8,890 

  2,548 

  2,408 

  1,522 

  2,468 

25,248   

164 

  51,836 

Commercial real estate

Pass

Special Mention

Substandard Accrual

Nonaccrual

  5,767 

  6,442 

  3,639 

  3,066 

  2,145 

  3,536 

1,888   

1 

91 

1 

119 

15 

5 

103 

75 

13 

390 

248 

60 

99 

346 

4 

113 

591 

20 

62   

23   

—   

Total commercial real estate

  5,860 

  6,581 

  3,830 

  3,764 

  2,594 

  4,260 

1,973   

263 

363 

250 

4 

— 

— 

5 

4 

— 

2 

3 

— 

99 

6 

3 

— 

128 

345 

1 

— 

— 

3 

— 

— 

267 

372 

255 

108 

129 

348 

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

3 

— 

— 

— 

3 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  26,486 

887 

  1,389 

103 

  28,865 

  1,448 

21 

10 

— 

  1,479 

  14,334 

  15,274 

  6,113 

  5,239 

  3,607 

  5,833 

26,099   

151 

  76,650 

129 

239 

13 

313 

229 

27 

225 

272 

23 

470 

505 

66 

148 

443 

47 

269 

921 

53 

426   

577   

119   

— 

  1,980 

12 

  3,198 

4 

352 

 $14,715 

 $15,843 

  $6,633 

  $6,280 

  $4,245 

  $7,076 

$27,221   

$167 

 $82,180 

(1) In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company revised its presentation of commercial loans and leases by vintage date and internal risk rating to reflect how the 
Company  currently  manages  the  commercial  credit  portfolio.  The  Company  now  reports  Substandard  Accrual  and  Nonaccrual  ratings,  replacing  previously 
reported  ratings  of  Substandard  and  Doubtful,  respectively.  The  prior  period  presentation  was  revised  to  conform  to  the  new  presentation.  For  more 
information regarding the Company’s internal risk ratings, see “Credit Quality Indicators” above.

For  retail  loans,  Citizens  utilizes  FICO  credit  scores  and  the  loan’s  payment  and  delinquency  status  to 
monitor  credit  quality.  Management  believes  FICO  scores  are  the  strongest  indicator  of  credit  losses  over  the 
contractual  life  of  the  loan  and  assist  management  in  predicting  the  borrower’s  future  payment  performance. 
Scores are based on current and historical national industry-wide consumer level credit performance data.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 108

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  presents  the  amortized  cost  basis  of  retail  loans  by  vintage  date  and  current  FICO 

score as of December 31, 2023, and gross charge-offs by vintage date for the year ended December 31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

Residential mortgages

800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620
No FICO available(1)
Total residential mortgages

Gross charge-offs

Home equity

800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620

Total home equity

Gross charge-offs

Automobile

800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620
No FICO available(1)
Total automobile

Gross charge-offs

Education
800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620
No FICO available(1)
Total education

Gross charge-offs

Other retail

800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620
No FICO available(1)
Total other retail

Gross charge-offs

Total retail

800+
740-799
680-739
620-679
<620
No FICO available(1)
Total retail

Gross charge-offs

Term Loans by Origination Year

Revolving Loans

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Prior to 
2019

Within the 
Revolving 
Period

Converted 
to Term

Total

$889 
1,333 
367 
54 
9 
1 

2,653 

  $3,067 
1,940 
631 
135 
48 
— 

  $5,172 
2,560 
758 
165 
104 
2 

  $3,117 
1,411 
466 
90 
95 
1 

  $1,131 
592 
266 
121 
161 
3 

  $3,125 
1,625 
873 
445 
561 
14 

5,821 

8,761 

5,180 

2,274 

6,643 

— 

— 
— 
1 
— 
— 

1 

— 

81 
134 
147 
94 
44 
— 

500 

3 

296 
368 
143 
30 
5 
10 

852 

— 

183 
258 
214 
118 
31 
7 

811 

49 

1,449 
2,093 
872 
296 
89 
18 

— 

4 
1 
1 
1 
2 

9 

— 

539 
671 
577 
316 
232 
— 

2,335 

34 

671 
694 
289 
65 
18 
— 

1,737 

5 

70 
87 
76 
48 
35 
1 

317 

24 

4,351 
3,393 
1,574 
565 
335 
1 

— 

4 
2 
1 
1 
1 

9 

— 

1,062 
1,038 
708 
345 
291 
— 

3,444 

41 

1,637 
1,050 
333 
68 
25 
1 

3,114 

19 

38 
46 
39 
23 
18 
— 

164 

8 

7,913 
4,696 
1,839 
602 
439 
3 

1 

1 
1 
2 
2 
1 

7 

— 

368 
375 
252 
112 
100 
— 

1,207 

14 

1,418 
850 
273 
58 
23 
— 

2,622 

25 

35 
45 
39 
19 
14 
1 

153 

8 

4,939 
2,682 
1,032 
281 
233 
2 

1 

4 
3 
5 
8 
10 

30 

— 

162 
165 
118 
65 
66 
— 

576 

12 

600 
369 
134 
32 
15 
— 

1,150 

17 

16 
21 
18 
6 
4 
— 

65 

11 

4 

91 
82 
93 
77 
80 

423 

3 

47 
52 
39 
26 
32 
— 

196 

9 

1,185 
678 
298 
107 
55 
36 

2,359 

45 

18 
19 
11 
4 
2 
— 

54 

9 

1,913 
1,150 
541 
232 
256 
3 

4,466 
2,456 
1,314 
659 
730 
50 

$—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   

—   

—   

5,078   
4,708   
2,693   
718   
332   

$— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

222 
241 
202 
137 
230 

  $16,501 
9,461 
3,361 
1,010 
978 
21 

  31,332 

6 

5,404 
5,038 
2,998 
944 
656 

13,529   

1,032 

  15,040 

8   

—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   

—   

—   

—   
—   
—   
—   
—   
—   

—   

—   

500   
963   
973   
419   
251   
373   

3,479   

121   

5,578   
5,671   
3,666   
1,137   
583   
373   

1 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 

— 

— 
1 
2 
2 
2 
— 

7 

— 

12 

2,259 
2,435 
1,841 
958 
765 
— 

8,258 

113 

5,807 
4,009 
1,470 
360 
141 
47 

  11,834 

111 

860 
1,440 
1,372 
639 
357 
382 

5,050 

230 

222 
242 
204 
139 
232 
— 

  30,831 
  22,383 
  11,042 
3,911 
2,897 
450 

  $4,817 

  $10,219 

  $15,492 

  $9,169 

  $4,095 

  $9,675 

$17,008   

$1,039 

  $71,514 

$52 

$63 

$68 

$48 

$41 

$70 

$129   

$1 

$472 

(1) Represents loans for which an updated FICO score was unavailable (e.g., due to recent profile changes).

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  presents  the  amortized  cost  basis  of  retail  loans  by  vintage  date  and  current  FICO 

score as of December 31, 2022:

(dollars in millions)

Residential mortgages

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620
No FICO available(1)
Total residential mortgages

Home equity

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620

Total home equity

Automobile

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620
No FICO available(1)
Total automobile

Education

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620
No FICO available(1)
Total education

Other retail

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620
No FICO available(1)
Total other retail

Total retail

800+

740-799

680-739

620-679

<620
No FICO available(1)
Total retail

Term Loans by Origination Year

Revolving Loans

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

Prior to 
2018

Within the 
Revolving 
Period

Converted 
to Term

Total

  $2,132 

  $4,943 

  $3,143 

  $1,180 

$363 

  $3,081 

$—   

$— 

  $14,842 

2,376 

2,991 

1,660 

769 

125 

17 

2 

899 

168 

68 

2 

502 

135 

77 

2 

638 

308 

138 

165 

3 

257 

149 

99 

147 

2 

1,635 

851 

422 

455 

17 

5,421 

9,071 

5,519 

2,432 

1,017 

6,461 

4 

2 

1 

— 

— 

7 

650 

962 

920 

554 

188 

2 

5 

2 

1 

1 

— 

9 

1,453 

1,606 

1,187 

586 

309 

— 

2 

1 

1 

2 

2 

8 

584 

649 

460 

205 

130 

— 

5 

4 

6 

9 

12 

36 

324 

343 

254 

133 

106 

— 

3,276 

5,141 

2,028 

1,160 

548 

735 

363 

54 

6 

6 

1,720 

1,351 

423 

76 

16 

— 

1,567 

1,126 

356 

62 

20 

— 

694 

486 

170 

38 

12 

— 

6 

6 

11 

16 

18 

57 

120 

134 

102 

62 

56 

— 

474 

410 

267 

103 

29 

11 

— 

110 

97 

114 

93 

82 

496 

54 

56 

44 

28 

31 

— 

213 

1,068 

609 

288 

102 

50 

42 

1,712 

3,586 

3,131 

1,400 

820 

2,159 

182 

230 

175 

108 

35 

12 

742 

3,516 

4,305 

2,228 

841 

246 
22 

105 

134 

109 

65 

30 

1 

444 

8,226 

6,084 

2,619 

896 

423 
3 

93 

121 

103 

52 

25 

3 

397 

5,389 

3,557 

1,422 

456 

254 
5 

48 

68 

52 

18 

9 

— 

195 

2,251 

1,539 

790 

336 

304 
3 

25 

31 

21 

8 

4 

— 

89 

924 

695 

386 

214 

236 
2 

27 

25 

14 

4 

2 

— 

72 

4,340 

2,422 

1,311 

649 

620 
59 

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

4,958   

4,350   

2,296   

558   

178   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

267 

274 

234 

143 

172 

9,557 

3,478 

1,087 

929 

28 

  29,921 

5,357 

4,736 

2,664 

822 

464 

12,340   

1,090 

  14,043 

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

491   

974   

993   

435   

190   

380   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1 

4 

4 

6 

1 

3,185 

3,750 

2,967 

1,568 

820 

2 

  12,292 

6,007 

4,574 

1,703 

361 

115 

48 

  12,808 

971 

1,584 

1,471 

694 

301 

397 

3,463   

16 

5,418 

5,449   

5,324   

3,289   

993   

368   
380   

267 

275 

238 

147 

178 
1 

  30,362 

  24,201 

  12,283 

4,532 

2,629 
475 

  $11,158 

  $18,251 

  $11,083 

  $5,223 

  $2,457 

  $9,401 

$15,803   

$1,106 

  $74,482 

(1) Represents loans for which an updated FICO score was unavailable (e.g., due to recent profile changes).

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 110

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nonaccrual and Past Due Assets

Nonaccrual  loans  and  leases  are  those  on  which  accrual  of  interest  is  suspended.  Loans,  other  than 
certain retail loans insured by U.S. government agencies, are placed on nonaccrual status when full payment of 
principal and interest is in doubt, unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection.

When a loan is placed on  nonaccrual status the accrued interest receivable is reversed against interest 
income and the amortization of any net deferred fees is suspended. Interest collected on nonaccrual loans and 
leases for which the ultimate collectability of principal is uncertain are generally applied to reduce the carrying 
value of the asset first. Otherwise, interest income may be recognized to the extent of the cash received if the 
loan is deemed fully collectible. A loan or lease may be returned to accrual status if:

•

•

•

no principal and interest payments are due and unpaid, and repayment of the remaining contractual 
principal and interest is expected;

the loan or lease has otherwise become well-secured and in the process of collection; or

the  borrower  has  made  regularly  scheduled  payments  in  full  for  the  prior  six  months  and  it  is 
reasonably assured that the loan or lease will be brought current within a reasonable period.

Commercial  and  industrial  loans,  commercial  real  estate  loans,  and  leases  are  generally  placed  on 
nonaccrual  status  when  contractually  past  due  90  days  or  more,  or  earlier  if  management  believes  that  the 
probability of collection is insufficient to warrant further accrual. Some of these loans and leases may remain on 
accrual status when contractually past due 90 days or more if management considers the loan collectible.

Residential  mortgages  are  generally  placed  on  nonaccrual  status  when  past  due  120  days,  or  sooner  if 
determined to be collateral dependent, unless repayment of the loan is fully or partially guaranteed by the FHA, 
VA  or  USDA.  Credit  card  balances  are  placed  on  nonaccrual  status  when  past  due  90  days  or  more  and  are 
restored  to  accrual  status  if  they  subsequently  become  less  than  90  days  past  due.  All  other  retail  loans  are 
generally placed on nonaccrual status when past due 90 days or more, or earlier if management believes that the 
probability of collection is insufficient to warrant further accrual. Loans less than 90 days past due may be placed 
on nonaccrual status due to the death of the borrower, fraud or bankruptcy.

The following tables present an aging analysis of accruing loans and leases, and nonaccrual loans and 

leases as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial
Residential mortgages(1)
Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

December 31, 2023

Days Past Due and Accruing

Current

30-59

60-89

 90+

Nonaccrual

 Total

Nonaccrual 
with no 
related ACL

$43,447   

28,745   

1,144   

73,336   

30,499   

14,640   

8,005   

11,732   

4,899   

69,775   

$61   

150   

1   

212   

282   

82   

144   

49   

49   

606   

$18   

59   

—   

77   

118   

33   

48   

23   

34   

256   

$6   

40   

—   

46   

256   

—   

—   

2   

29   

287   

$294   

$43,826   

477   

3   

774   

177   

285   

61   

28   

39   

590   

29,471   

1,148   

74,445   

31,332   

15,040   

8,258   

11,834   

5,050   

71,514   

$30 

71 

— 

101 

144 

198 

7 

3 

— 

352 

Total
Guaranteed residential mortgages(1)
(1)  Guaranteed  residential  mortgages  represent  loans  fully  or  partially  guaranteed  by  the  FHA,  VA  and  USDA,  and  are  included  in  the  amounts  presented  for 

$143,111   

$145,959   

$1,364   

$1,122   

$243   

$128   

$818   

$333   

$333   

$675   

$76   

$453 

$—   

$— 

Residential mortgages.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Leases

Total commercial
Residential mortgages(1)
Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

December 31, 2022

Days Past Due and Accruing

Current

30-59

60-89

90+

Nonaccrual

 Total

Nonaccrual 
with no 
related ACL

$51,389   

$152   

$25   

28,665   

1,475   

81,529   

29,228   

13,719   

12,039   

12,718   

5,294   

72,998   

51   

4   

207   

95   

64   

152   

36   

44   

391   

45   

—   

70   

45   

19   

45   

17   

30   

156   

$21   

1   

—   

22   

319   

—   

—   

4   

22   

345   

$249   

$51,836   

103   

—   

352   

234   

241   

56   

33   

28   

592   

28,865   

1,479   

82,180   

29,921   

14,043   

12,292   

12,808   

5,418   

74,482   

$64 

7 

— 

71 

187 

185 

9 

3 

1 

385 

Total
Guaranteed residential mortgages(1)
(1)  Guaranteed  residential  mortgages  represent  loans  fully  or  partially  guaranteed  by  the  FHA,  VA  and  USDA,  and  are  included  in  the  amounts  presented  for 

$154,527   

$156,662   

$1,196   

$944   

$367   

$226   

$598   

$316   

$789   

$57   

$34   

$456 

$—   

$— 

Residential mortgages.

Loan Modifications to Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Effective  January  1,  2023,  the  Company  adopted  accounting  guidance  that  eliminates  the  separate 
recognition  and  measurement  of  TDRs.  Upon  adoption  of  this  guidance,  all  loan  modifications  to  borrowers 
experiencing  financial  difficulty,  or  FDMs,  are  evaluated  to  determine  whether  the  modification  should  be 
accounted  for  as  a  new  loan  or  a  continuation  of  the  existing  loan.  The  existing  loan  is  derecognized  and  the 
restructured loan is accounted for as a new loan if the effective yield on the restructured loan is at least equal to 
the effective yield for comparable loans with similar collection risk and the modification to the original loan is 
more than minor. Any unamortized fees and costs from the original loan are recognized in interest income when 
the new loan is granted. If a loan restructuring does not meet these conditions, the existing loan’s amortized cost 
basis is carried forward and the modified loan is accounted for as a continuation of the existing loan. FDMs are 
generally accounted for as a continuation of the existing loan given the terms are typically not at market rates.

The  Company  offers  loan  modifications  to  retail  and  commercial  borrowers  as  a  result  of  its  loss 
mitigation  activities  that  may  result  in  a  payment  delay,  interest  rate  reduction,  term  extension,  principal 
forgiveness, or combination thereof. Payment delays consist of modifications that result in a delay of contractual 
amounts due greater than three months over a rolling 12-month period.

Commercial  loan  modifications  are  offered  on  a  case-by-case  basis  and  generally  include  a  payment 
delay, term extension and/or interest rate reduction. The Company does not typically offer principal forgiveness 
for commercial loans. Retail loan modifications are offered through structured loan modification programs, which 
are summarized below.

•

Forbearance  programs  provide  borrowers  experiencing  some  form  of  hardship  a  period  of  time  during 
which  their  contractual  payment  obligations  are  suspended,  resulting  in  a  payment  delay  and/or  term 
extension.

• Other repayment plans are offered due to hardship and include an interest rate reduction and/or term 

extension designed to enable the borrower to return the loan to current status in an expeditious manner.

•

•

Settlement  agreements  may  be  executed  with  borrowers  experiencing  a  long-term  hardship  or  who  are 
delinquent, resulting in principal forgiveness. Upon fulfillment of the terms of the settlement agreement, 
the unpaid principal amount is forgiven resulting in a charge-off of the outstanding principal balance.

Certain  reorganization  bankruptcy  judgments  may  result  in  any  one  of  the  four  modification  types  or 
some combination thereof.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail and commercial loans whose contractual terms have been modified in a FDM and are current at the 
time  of  the  modification  may  remain  on  accrual  status  if  there  is  demonstrated  performance  prior  to  the 
modification  and  payment  in  full  under  the  modified  terms  is  expected.  Cash  receipts  on  nonaccrual  impaired 
loans, including nonaccrual loans involved in FDMs, are generally applied to reduce the unpaid principal balance. 
Certain  FDMs  that  are  current  in  payment  status  are  classified  as  nonaccrual  in  accordance  with  regulatory 
guidance.  Nonaccrual  FDMs  that  meet  the  guidelines  above  for  accrual  status  can  be  returned  to  accruing  if 
supported by a well-documented evaluation of the borrowers’ financial condition, and if they have been current 
for at least six months.

The following table presents the period-end amortized cost of loans to borrowers experiencing financial 
difficulty  that  were  modified  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  disaggregated  by  class  of  financing 
receivable  and  modification  type.  The  modification  type  reflects  the  cumulative  effect  of  all  FDMs  received 
during the indicated period.

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Interest 
Rate 
Reduction

$1   

—   

1   

8   

2   

—   

9   

11   

30   

Term 
Extension

Payment 
Delay

Principal 
Forgiveness

$252   

$69   

$—   

522   

774   

77   

5   

—   

—   

—   

82   

—   

69   

3   

—   

—   

31   

—   

34   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

Interest 
Rate 
Reduction 
and Term 
Extension

Term 
Extension 
and 
Payment 
Delay

Total as a % 
of Loan 
Class(1)

Total

$1   

70   

71   

20   

8   

—   

—   

—   

28   

$2   

$325 

 0.74 %

1   

3   

1   

—   

—   

—   

—   

1   

593 

918 

109 

15 

— 

40 

11 

175 

 2.01 

 1.23 

 0.35 

 0.10 

 — 

 0.34 

 0.22 

 0.24 

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Total(2)
(1) Represents the total amortized cost as of period-end divided by the period-end amortized cost of the corresponding loan class. Accrued interest receivable is 

$1,093 

$103   

$856   

 0.75 %

$99   

$31   

$—   

$4   

excluded from amortized cost and is immaterial.

(2) Excludes borrowers that had their debt discharged by means of a Chapter 7 bankruptcy filing.

The  following  table  presents  the  financial  effect  of  loans  to  borrowers  experiencing  financial  difficulty 

that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2023, disaggregated by class of financing receivable.

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Weighted-Average 
Interest Rate 
Reduction(1)(5)

Weighted-Average 
Term Extension 
(in Months)(2)(5)

Weighted-Average 
Payment 
Deferral(3)(5)

Amount of 
Principal 
Forgiven(4)

 2.02 %

 0.59 

 1.58 

 2.64 

 3.60 

 4.76 

 18.68 

15  

11  

50  

120  

18  

—   

—   

$562,777   

30,821   

—   

1,366   

1,245   

6,134   

—   

$— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5 

(1) Represents the weighted-average reduction of the loan’s interest rate.
(2) Represents the weighted-average extension of a loan’s maturity date.
(3) Represents the weighted-average amount of payments delayed as a result of the loan modification. Amounts are reported in whole dollars.
(4) Amounts are recorded as charge-offs and are reported in millions. 
(5) Weighted based on period-end amortized cost.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 113

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  presents  an  aging  analysis  of  the  period-end  amortized  cost  of  loans  to  borrowers 
experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2023, disaggregated by 
class of financing receivable. A loan in a forbearance or repayment plan is reported as past due according to its 
contractual terms until contractually modified. Subsequent to modification, it is reported as past due based on 
its restructured terms.

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Total

December 31, 2023

Days Past Due and Accruing

Current

30-59

60-89

 90+

Nonaccrual

 Total

$211   

402   

613   

61   

5   

—   

37   

8   

111   

$724   

$—   

7   

7   

11   

—   

—   

1   

1   

13   

$20   

$—   

—   

—   

7   

—   

—   

—   

1   

8   

$8   

$—   

26   

26   

17   

—   

—   

—   

—   

17   

$43   

$114   

158   

272   

13   

10   

—   

2   

1   

26   

$325 

593 

918 

109 

15 

— 

40 

11 

175 

$298   

$1,093 

The following table presents the period-end amortized cost of loans to borrowers experiencing financial 
difficulty  that  were  modified  on  or  after  January  1,  2023  that  subsequently  defaulted  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and modification type. The modification type 
reflects  the  cumulative  effect  of  all  FDMs  at  the  time  of  default.  A  loan  is  considered  to  be  in  default  if, 
subsequent to modification, it becomes 90 or more days past due or is placed on nonaccrual status.

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Commercial real estate

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Interest 
Rate 
Reduction

Term 
Extension

Payment 
Delay

Interest 
Rate 
Reduction 
and Term 
Extension

Total

$—   

—   

—   

1   

—   

—   

—   

—   

1   

$1   

$—   

102   

102   

9   

1   

—   

—   

—   

10   

$112   

$43   

—   

43   

—   

—   

—   

1   

—   

1   

$—   

—   

—   

5   

2   

—   

—   

—   

7   

$44   

$7   

$43 

102 

145 

15 

3 

— 

1 

— 

19 

$164 

Unfunded commitments related to loans modified during the year ended December 31, 2023 were $221 

million at December 31, 2023.

Troubled Debt Restructuring - Prior to the Adoption of ASU 2022-02

In  situations  where,  for  economic  or  legal  reasons  related  to  the  borrower’s  financial  difficulties,  the 
Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider, the related loan is classified 
as a TDR. Concessions granted in TDRs for all classes of loans may include lowering the interest rate, forgiving a 
portion  of  principal,  extending  the  loan  term,  lowering  scheduled  payments  for  a  specified  period  of  time, 
waiving or delaying a scheduled payment of principal or interest for other than an insignificant time period, or 
capitalizing past due amounts. A rate increase can be a concession if the increased rate is lower than a market 
rate  for  debt  with  risk  similar  to  that  of  the  restructured  loan.  TDRs  for  commercial  loans  may  also  involve 
creating  a  multiple  note  structure,  accepting  non-cash  assets,  accepting  an  equity  interest,  or  receiving  a 
performance-based fee. In some cases, a TDR may involve multiple concessions. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 114

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash  receipts  on  nonaccrual  impaired  loans,  including  nonaccrual  loans  involved  in  TDRs,  are  generally 
applied to reduce the unpaid principal balance. Certain TDRs that are current in payment status are classified as 
nonaccrual in accordance with regulatory guidance. Nonaccrual TDRs may be returned to accruing if supported by 
a well-documented evaluation of the borrowers’ financial condition, and if they have been current for at least six 
months.

The  ACL  for  loans  previously  identified  as  TDRs  is  measured  at  the  product  level  based  on  post-
modification credit attributes and use of an econometric model or at the fair value of collateral less costs to sell, 
if less than the loan’s amortized cost basis. Any portion of the loan’s amortized cost basis the Company does not 
expect  to  collect  as  a  result  of  the  modification  is  charged  off  at  the  time  of  modification.  For  retail  TDR 
accounts assessed based on the fair value of collateral, any portion of the loan’s recorded investment in excess 
of the collateral value less costs to sell is charged off at the time of modification or at the time of subsequent 
and regularly recurring valuations.

The following tables summarize loans modified during the year ended December 31, 2022. The balances 
represent the post-modification outstanding amortized cost basis and may include loans that became TDRs during 
the  period  and  were  subsequently  paid  off  in  full,  charged  off,  or  sold  prior  to  period  end.  Pre-modification 
balances for modified loans approximate the post-modification balances shown.

(dollars in millions)

Commercial and industrial

Total commercial

Residential mortgages

Home equity

Automobile

Education

Other retail

Total retail

Total

December 31, 2022

Amortized Cost Basis

Number of 
Contracts

29 

29 

1,884 

381 

601 

631 

2,320 

5,817 

5,846 

Interest Rate 
Reduction(1)
$— 

Maturity 
Extension(2)
$26 

— 

52 

4 

2 

— 

10 

68 

$68 

26 

96 

2 

— 

— 

— 

98 

$124 

Other(3)

Total

$— 

— 

260 

19 

4 

25 

1 

309 

$309 

$26 

26 

408 

25 

6 

25 

11 

475 

$501 

(1) Includes modifications that consist of multiple concessions, one of which is an interest rate reduction.
(2)  Includes  modifications  that  consist  of  multiple  concessions,  one  of  which  is  a  maturity  extension  (unless  one  of  the  other  concessions  was  an  interest  rate 

reduction).

(3) Includes modifications other than interest rate reductions or maturity extensions, such as lowering scheduled payments for a specified period of time, principal 
forgiveness,  and  capitalizing  arrearages.  The  following  are  also  included:  deferrals,  trial  modifications,  certain  bankruptcies,  loans  in  forbearance  and 
prepayment plans. Modifications can include the deferral of accrued interest resulting in post-modification balances being higher than pre-modification.

Modified  TDRs  resulted  in  charge-offs  of  $3  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022.  Unfunded 

commitments related to TDRs were $81 million at December 31, 2022.

The following table provides a summary of TDRs that defaulted (became 90 days or more past due) within 

12 months of their modification date:

(dollars in millions)

Commercial
Retail(1)
Total

Year Ended December 31, 2022

$— 

242 

$242 

(1) Includes $187 million of loans fully or partially government guaranteed by the FHA, VA, and USDA.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The  Company’s  lending  activity  is  geographically  well  diversified  with  an  emphasis  in  our  core  markets 
located  in  the  New  England,  Mid-Atlantic  and  Midwest  regions.  Generally,  loans  are  collateralized  by  assets 
including  real  estate,  inventory,  accounts  receivable,  other  personal  property  and  investment  securities.  As  of 
December  31,  2023  and  2022,  there  were  no  material  concentration  risks  within  the  commercial  or  retail  loan 
portfolios. Exposure to credit losses arising from lending transactions may fluctuate with fair values of collateral 
supporting  loans,  which  may  not  perform  according  to  contractual  agreements.  The  Company’s  policy  is  to 
collateralize  loans  to  the  extent  necessary;  however,  unsecured  loans  are  also  granted  on  the  basis  of  the 
financial strength of the applicant and the facts surrounding the transaction.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 7 - PREMISES, EQUIPMENT AND SOFTWARE 

Premises and Equipment

Premises  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost,  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  amortization. 
Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the 
assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease, including renewal options if exercise of 
those options is reasonably assured, or their estimated useful life, whichever is shorter.

Additions  to  premises  and  equipment  are  recorded  at  cost.  The  cost  of  major  additions  and 
improvements is capitalized. Repairs and maintenance and other costs that do not improve the property, extend 
the  useful  life  or  otherwise  do  not  meet  capitalization  criteria  are  charged  to  expense  as  incurred.  Citizens 
evaluates premises and equipment for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value 
of such assets may not be recoverable.

A summary of the carrying value of premises and equipment is presented below: 

(dollars in millions)

Land and land improvements

Buildings and leasehold improvements

Furniture, fixtures and equipment

Construction in progress

Total premises and equipment, gross

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

Total premises and equipment, net

Useful Lives 
(years)

10 - 75

5 - 60

4 - 20

December 31,

2023

2022

$143 

$144 

875 

613 

77 

879 

622 

61 

1,708 

1,706 

(813)   

(862) 

$895 

$844 

Depreciation  charged  to  noninterest  expense  totaled  $115  million,  $107  million  and  $98  million  for  the 
years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and is presented in the Consolidated Statements of 
Operations in either occupancy or equipment expense, as applicable.

Software

Costs related to computer software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized if the projects 
improve  functionality  and  provide  long-term  future  operational  benefits.  Capitalized  costs  are  amortized  using 
the  straight-line  method  over  the  asset’s  expected  useful  life,  which  is  based  on  the  basic  pattern  of 
consumption  and  economic  benefits  provided  by  the  asset.  The  amortization  of  software  commences  when  the 
asset, or identifiable component of the asset, is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. All other 
costs incurred in connection with an internal-use software project are expensed as incurred. Capitalized software 
is included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Citizens  had  capitalized  software  assets  of  $2.6  billion  and  related  accumulated  amortization  of  $1.7 
billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. Amortization expense was $254 million, $243 million and $235 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The estimated future amortization expense for capitalized software assets is presented below.

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter
Total(1)
(1) Excludes $215 million of in-process software at December 31, 2023.

(dollars in millions)

$237 

199 

136 

79 

23 

— 

$674 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 116

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 8 - MORTGAGE BANKING AND OTHER SERVICED LOANS 

The Company sells residential mortgages into the secondary market and retains no beneficial interest in 
these  sales,  but  may  retain  the  servicing  rights  for  the  loans  sold.  The  Company  may  exercise  its  option  to 
repurchase  eligible  government  guaranteed  residential  mortgages  or  may  be  obligated  to  subsequently 
repurchase a loan if the purchaser discovers a representation or warranty violation such as noncompliance with 
eligibility or servicing requirements, or customer fraud that should have been identified in a loan file review.

Mortgage loans held for sale are accounted for at fair value on an individual loan basis. Changes in the 

fair value and realized gains and losses on the sales of mortgage loans, are reported in mortgage banking fees.

The  following  table  summarizes  activity  related  to  residential  mortgage  loans  sold  with  servicing  rights 

retained:

(dollars in millions)

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Cash proceeds from residential mortgage loans sold with servicing retained
Repurchased residential mortgages(1)
Gain on sales(2)
Contractually specified servicing, late and other ancillary fees(2)
(1) Includes government insured or guaranteed loans repurchased through the exercise of the Company’s removal of account provision option.
(2) Reported in mortgage banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

$9,124 

309 

72 

— 

  $17,025 

  $37,039 

1,381 

382 

247 

87 

86 

287 

The  Company  recognizes  the  right  to  service  residential  mortgage  loans  for  others,  or  MSRs,  when 
purchased  or  when  servicing  is  contractually  separated  from  the  underlying  mortgage  loans  sold  with  servicing 
rights retained. MSRs are reported in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. MSRs are measured using 
the fair value method, with any change in fair value during the period recorded in mortgage banking fees in the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations. The unpaid principal balance of residential mortgage loans related to our 
MSRs was $97.4 billion and $96.7 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company manages the 
risk associated with changes in the value of the MSRs with an active economic hedging strategy, which includes 
the purchase of freestanding derivatives.

The following table summarizes changes in MSRs recorded using the fair value method:

(dollars in millions)

Fair value as of beginning of the period

Amounts capitalized

Servicing rights acquired
Changes in unpaid principal balance during the period(1)
Changes in fair value during the period(2)

Fair value at end of the period

As of and for the Year 
Ended December 31,

2023

2022

$1,530 

$1,029 

127 

— 

(166)   

61 

279 

16 

(137) 

343 

$1,552 

$1,530 

(1)  Represents  changes  in  value  of  the  MSRs  due  to  i)  passage  of  time  including  the  impact  from  both  regularly  scheduled  loan  principal  payments  and  partial     

paydowns, and ii) loans that paid off during the period. 

(2) Represents changes in value primarily driven by market conditions. These changes are recorded in mortgage banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of 

Operations.

The  fair  value  of  MSRs  is  estimated  by  using  the  present  value  of  estimated  future  net  servicing  cash 
flows,  taking  into  consideration  actual  and  expected  mortgage  loan  prepayment  rates,  discount  rates, 
contractual  servicing  fee  income,  servicing  costs,  default  rates,  ancillary  income,  and  other  economic  factors, 
which  are  determined  based  on  current  market  interest  rates.  The  valuation  does  not  attempt  to  forecast  or 
predict the future direction of interest rates.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 117

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The sensitivity analysis below presents the impact of an immediate 10% and 20% adverse change in key 
economic assumptions to the current fair value of MSRs. These sensitivities are hypothetical, with the effect of a 
variation in a particular assumption on the fair value of the MSRs calculated independently without changing any 
other assumption. Changes in one factor may result in changes in another (e.g., changes in interest rates, which 
drive changes in prepayment rates, could result in changes in discount rates), which may amplify or counteract 
the  sensitivities.  The  primary  risk  inherent  in  the  Company’s  MSRs  is  an  increase  in  prepayments  of  the 
underlying mortgage loans serviced, which is largely dependent upon movements in market interest rates.

(dollars in millions)

Fair value

Weighted average life (years)

Weighted average constant prepayment rate

Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change

Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change

Weighted average option adjusted spread

Decline in fair value from 10% adverse change

Decline in fair value from 20% adverse change

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

$1,552

8.8

7.2%

$37

$71

630 bps

$43

$87

$1,530

9.1

6.8%

$34

$66

629 bps

$43

$86

The Company’s mortgage banking derivatives include commitments to originate mortgages held for sale, 
certain loan sale agreements, and other financial instruments that meet the definition of a derivative. Refer to 
Note 14 for additional information.

Other Serviced Loans

  Citizens  engages  in  other  servicing  relationships  from  time  to  time.  The  following  table  presents  the 

unpaid principal balance of other serviced loans:

(dollars in millions)

Education
Commercial and industrial(1)
(1) Represents the government guaranteed portion of SBA loans sold to outside investors.

NOTE 9 - LEASES 

Citizens as Lessee

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

$502 

94 

$602 

91 

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and records a right-of-use asset and a 
corresponding lease liability. A right-of-use asset represents the value of the Company’s contractual right to use 
an  underlying  leased  asset  and  a  lease  liability  represents  the  Company’s  contractual  obligation  to  make 
payments on the same asset. Operating and finance lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the 
commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the non-cancelable lease term. In 
instances where the lease does not specify an implicit rate, the Company utilizes an incremental borrowing rate 
based  on  information  available  at  the  lease  commencement  date  to  determine  the  present  value  of  the  lease 
payments.  The  Company  evaluates  right-of-use  assets  for  impairment  when  events  or  changes  in  circumstances 
indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable.

The  Company  leases  both  equipment  and  real  estate,  including  office  and  branch  space,  in  the  normal 
course  of  business.  Lease  terms  predominantly  range  from  one  year  to  ten  years  and  may  include  options  to 
extend  the  lease,  terminate  the  lease,  or  purchase  the  underlying  asset  at  the  end  of  the  lease.  Certain  lease 
agreements  include  rental  payments  based  on  an  index  or  are  adjusted  periodically  for  inflation.  Lease 
components are accounted for as a single lease component when lease agreements contain lease and non-lease 
components and for certain real estate leases.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Balance 
Sheets and are recognized in occupancy expense in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations on a 
straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company may also enter into subleases with third parties for certain 
leased real estate properties that are no longer occupied.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 118

 
 
 
 
The components of operating lease cost are presented below.

(dollars in millions)

Operating lease cost

Short-term lease cost

Variable lease cost

Sublease income

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$221 

2 

5 

(1)   

$227 

$216 

2 

7 

(1)   

$224 

$161 

1 

8 

(4) 

$166 

Operating  lease  cost  is  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  lease  term  and  is  recorded  in 

occupancy and equipment and software in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

Supplemental  information  related  to  the  Company’s  operating  lease  arrangements  is  presented  in  the 

tables below:

(dollars in millions)

Operating lease right-of-use assets

Operating lease liabilities

Weighted average remaining lease term (years)

Weighted average discount rate

(dollars in millions)

Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

Affected Line Item in 
Consolidated Balance Sheets

$885 

977 

7

 3.10 %

$1,019 

1,066 

7

 2.74 %

Other assets

Other liabilities

—

—

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$232 

$219 

$163 

Supplemental non-cash information on lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets:

Right-of-use assets in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

64 

408 

79 

Lease liabilities maturing under non-cancelable operating leases are presented below as of December 31, 

2023.

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less: Interest

Present value of lease liabilities

Citizens as Lessor

(dollars in millions)

$210 

201 

161 

140 

111 

262 

1,085 

108 

$977 

Operating  lease  assets  where  Citizens  was  the  lessor  totaled  $254  million  and  $260  million  as  of 
December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively.  Operating  lease  rental  income  associated  with  these  assets  is 
recognized in other income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the lease 
term. 

Depreciation expense associated with operating lease assets is recorded on a straight-line basis over their 
estimated useful life and  is included in other operating expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 
Operating  lease  assets  are  reviewed  for  impairment  on  a  periodic  basis,  with  an  impairment  loss  recognized  in 
other operating expense if the carrying amount of the leased asset exceeds its fair value and is not recoverable. 
The  carrying  amount  of  a  leased  asset  is  not  recoverable  if  its  carrying  value  exceeds  the  sum  of  the 
undiscounted  cash  flows  expected  to  result  from  the  lease  payments  and  the  estimated  residual  value  of  the 
asset.

For a discussion of direct finance and sales-type leases where Citizens is the lessor, see Note 5.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 119

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 10 - GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Goodwill  is  the  purchase  premium  associated  with  the  acquisition  of  a  business  and  is  assigned  to  the 
Company’s  reporting  units  at  the  acquisition  date.  A  reporting  unit  is  a  business  operating  segment  or  a 
component of a business operating segment. The Company has identified and assigned goodwill to two reporting 
units,  Consumer  Banking  and  Commercial  Banking,  based  upon  reviews  of  the  structure  of  the  Company’s 
executive  team  and  supporting  functions,  resource  allocations  and  financial  reporting  processes.  Goodwill  no 
longer  retains  its  association  with  a  particular  acquisition  once  assigned  to  a  reporting  unit,  and  all  of  the 
activities  within  a  reporting  unit,  whether  acquired  or  organically  grown,  are  available  to  support  the  value  of 
the goodwill.

Goodwill is subject to an annual impairment test and not amortized. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment 
annually as of October 31st and in interim periods when events or changes indicate the carrying value of one or 
more  reporting  units  may  not  be  recoverable.  The  Company  has  the  option  of  performing  a  qualitative 
assessment of goodwill to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit 
is less than the carrying value. If it is more likely than not that the fair value exceeds the carrying value, then no 
further testing is necessary; otherwise, a quantitative assessment of goodwill must be performed.

The  Company  may  elect  to  bypass  the  qualitative  assessment  and  perform  a  quantitative  assessment, 
which  is  used  to  identify  potential  impairment  and  involves  comparing  each  reporting  unit’s  fair  value  to  its 
carrying  value,  including  goodwill.  If  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  exceeds  its  carrying  value  inclusive  of 
goodwill, applicable goodwill is deemed not to be impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit inclusive of 
goodwill  exceeds  fair  value,  an  impairment  loss  is  recognized  for  the  excess,  establishing  a  new  basis  in  the 
goodwill,  and  cannot  exceed  the  amount  of  goodwill  assigned  to  the  reporting  unit.  Subsequent  reversal  of 
goodwill impairment losses is not permitted.

The fair value of the Company’s reporting units is determined using a combination of income and market-
based  approaches.  The  Company  relies  on  several  assumptions  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  its  reporting  units 
under  the  income-based  approach  including  discount  rate,  projected  loan  losses,  income  tax  and  capital 
retention rates.

The Company performed a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment in the fourth quarter of 2023 as 
part  of  its  annual  impairment  assessment.  Based  on  this  quantitative  assessment,  the  Company  concluded  that 
the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Consumer  Banking  and  Commercial  Banking  reporting  units  exceeded  their 
carrying  value;  therefore,  the  Company  determined  that  there  was  no  impairment  to  the  carrying  value  of  its 
goodwill  as  of  December  31,  2023.  The  Commercial  Banking  reporting  unit’s  fair  value  exceeded  its  carrying 
value by approximately 10%.

The  Company  monitored  events  and  circumstances  during  the  period  from  October  31,  2023  through 
December 31, 2023, including macroeconomic and market factors, industry and banking sector events, Company-
specific  performance  indicators,  a  comparison  of  the  Company’s  forecast  and  assumptions  to  those  used  in  its 
October  31,  2023  quantitative  impairment  test,  and  the  sensitivity  of  the  October  31,  2023  quantitative  test 
results  to  changes  in  assumptions  through  December  31,  2023.  Based  on  these  considerations,  the  Company 
concluded  that  it  was  not  more-likely-than-not  that  the  fair  value  of  either  of  its  reporting  units  is  below  its 
respective carrying amount as of December 31, 2023.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 120

Changes in the carrying value of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are presented 

below.

(dollars in millions)

Balance at December 31, 2021

Business acquisitions

Balance at December 31, 2022

Business acquisitions

Balance at December 31, 2023

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Total

$2,258 

415 

$2,673 

5 

$2,678 

$4,858 

642 

$5,500 

10 

$5,510 

$7,116 

1,057 

$8,173 

15 

$8,188 

Accumulated impairment losses related to the Consumer Banking and Commercial Banking reporting units 
totaled $5.9 billion and $50 million, respectively, at December 31, 2023 and 2022. No impairment was recorded 
for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 or 2021.

Other Intangibles

Other  intangible  assets  are  recognized  separately  from  goodwill  if  the  asset  arises  as  a  result  of 
contractual rights or if the asset is capable of being separated and sold, transferred or exchanged. These assets 
are  amortized  on  a  straight-line  basis  with  the  exception  of  core  deposits,  which  are  amortized  using  an 
accelerated methodology, and are subject to an annual impairment evaluation. Amortization expense is recorded 
in other operating expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

A summary of the carrying value of intangible assets is presented below. 

(dollars in millions)

Core deposits

Acquired technology

Acquired relationships

Naming Rights

Other

Total

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Amortizable 
Lives (years)

Gross

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net

Gross

Accumulated 
Amortization

Net

10

5 - 7

2 - 15

5 - 10

2 - 8

$144   

$44   

$100 

$144   

$20   

$124 

23   

52   

33   

18   

21   

26   

12   

10   

2 

26 

21 

8 

23   

54   

33   

17   

19   

21   

7   

7   

4 

33 

26 

10 

$270   

$113   

$157 

$271   

$74   

$197 

As  of  December  31,  2023,  all  of  the  Company’s  intangible  assets  were  being  amortized.  Amortization 
expense  recognized  on  intangible  assets  was  $42  million,  $41  million  and  $11  million  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company’s projection of amortization expense is based on 
balances as of December 31, 2023. Future amortization expense may vary from these projections.

Estimated intangible asset amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

(dollars in millions)

$35 

32 

28 

24 

17 

NOTE 11 - VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES 

Citizens,  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  engages  in  a  variety  of  activities  with  entities  that  are 
considered  VIEs,  as  defined  by  GAAP,  with  its  variable  interest  arising  from  contractual,  ownership  or  other 
monetary  interests  in  the  entity.  A  VIE  typically  does  not  have  sufficient  equity  at  risk  to  finance  its  activities 
without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. Citizens is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, 
and  must  consolidate  it,  if  its  variable  interest  provides  it  with  the  power  to  direct  the  activities  that 
significantly impact the VIE and it has the right to receive benefits, or the obligation to absorb losses, that could 
potentially  be  significant  to  the  VIE.  Citizens  considers  both  qualitative  and  quantitative  factors  regarding  the 
nature,  size  and  form  of  its  involvement  with  the  VIE  to  determine  whether  or  not  a  variable  interest  held  is 
significant to the VIE. Citizens assesses whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an ongoing basis.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 121

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transfers  of  financial  assets  in  which  the  Company  has  not  surrendered  control  over  the  transferred 
assets  are  accounted  for  as  a  secured  borrowing  with  a  pledge  of  collateral.  Control  is  generally  considered 
surrendered  when  1)  the  transferred  assets  are  legally  isolated  from  the  Company  and  its  creditors,  even  in 
bankruptcy,  2)  the  transferee  has  the  right  to  pledge  or  exchange  the  transferred  assets  it  received,  with  no 
condition that constrains the transferee from taking advantage of this right or that provides more than a trivial 
benefit to the Company, and 3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred financial 
assets.  Judgment  is  required  to  assess  whether  the  Company  maintains  effective  control  over  transferred 
financial assets.

Consolidated VIEs

The  Company  has  consolidated  VIEs  related  to  secured  borrowings  collateralized  by  auto  loans.  The 

following table summarizes the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for the Company’s consolidated VIEs:

(dollars in millions)

Assets:

Cash and due from banks

Interest-bearing deposits in banks

Net loans and leases

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities:

Long-term borrowed funds

Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Secured Borrowings

December 31, 
2023

$13 

106 

3,194 

14 

$3,327 

$2,692 

8 

$2,700 

Citizens utilizes a portion of its auto loan portfolio to support certain secured borrowing arrangements, 
which provide a source of funding for the Company and involves the transfer of auto loans to bankruptcy remote 
special purpose entities (“SPEs”). These SPEs then issue asset-backed notes to third-parties collateralized by the 
transferred  loans.  Citizens  holds  certain  residual  interests  in  the  loans  and,  therefore,  has  a  right  to  receive 
benefits  or  the  obligation  to  absorb  losses  that  could  potentially  be  significant  to  the  SPEs.  In  addition,  the 
Company retains servicing for the transferred loans and, therefore, holds the power to direct the most significant 
activities that impact the economic performance of the SPEs. As a result, the Company concluded that it is the 
primary beneficiary of these SPEs and, accordingly, consolidates these VIEs.

The assets of a particular VIE are the primary source of funds to settle its obligations. Creditors of these 
VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company. The performance of the loans transferred to the 
SPEs is the most significant driver impacting the economic performance of the VIEs.

Unconsolidated VIEs

Citizens  is  involved  with  various  VIEs  that  are  not  consolidated,  including  investments  in  entities  that 
sponsor affordable housing, renewable energy and economic development projects, and asset-backed securities. 
In addition, Citizens provides lending facilities to special purpose entities. Citizens’ maximum exposure to loss as 
a result of its involvement with these entities is limited to the balance sheet carrying amount of its investments, 
unfunded commitments, and the outstanding principal balance of loans to special purpose entities.

A summary of these investments is presented below:

(dollars in millions)

Lending to special purpose entities included in loans and leases

LIHTC investment included in other assets

LIHTC unfunded commitments included in other liabilities

Asset-backed investments included in HTM securities

Renewable energy investments included in other assets

NMTC investments included in other assets

December 31,

2023

2022

$4,760 

2,444 

1,025 

488 

314 

3 

$4,578 

2,230 

1,046 

581 

374 

4 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 122

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lending to Special Purpose Entities

Citizens provides lending facilities to third-party sponsored special purpose entities. Because the sponsor 
for  each  respective  entity  has  the  power  to  direct  how  proceeds  from  the  Company  are  utilized  and  maintains 
responsibility for any associated servicing commitments, Citizens is not the primary beneficiary of these entities. 
Accordingly, Citizens does not consolidate these VIEs. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the lending facilities 
had undrawn commitments to extend credit of $2.7 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively. For more information 
on commitments to extend credit see Note 19.

Asset-backed securities

The  Company’s  investments  in  asset-backed  securities  are  collateralized  by  education  loans  sold  to  a 
third-party sponsored VIE. Citizens acts as the primary servicer for the sold loans and receives a servicing fee. A 
third-party servicer is responsible for all loans that become significantly delinquent. 

The  Company’s  investment  in  asset-backed  securities,  as  well  as  the  primary  servicing  fee,  are 
considered variable interests in the VIE since some of the losses of the VIE could be absorbed by the Company’s 
interest  in  the  asset-backed  securities  or  the  primary  servicing  fee.  However,  Citizens  did  not  control  the 
determination  of  the  assets  purchased  by  the  VIE  and  does  not  control  the  servicing  activities  on  significantly 
delinquent loans. Since these activities significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, the Company 
has  concluded  that  it  is  not  the  primary  beneficiary  of  this  VIE.  Accordingly,  Citizens  does  not  consolidate  the 
VIE.

Low Income Housing Tax Credit Partnerships 

The  purpose  of  the  Company’s  LIHTC  investments  is  to  assist  in  achieving  the  goals  of  the  CRA  and  to 
earn an adequate return of capital. LIHTC partnerships are managed by unrelated general partners that have the 
power to direct the activities which most significantly affect the performance of the partnerships and, therefore, 
Citizens  is  not  the  primary  beneficiary  of  these  partnerships.  Accordingly,  Citizens  does  not  consolidate  these 
VIEs.

Renewable Energy Entities

The  Company’s  investments  in  certain  renewable  energy  entities  provide  benefits  from  government 
incentives and other tax attributes (e.g., tax depreciation). As a tax equity investor, Citizens does not have the 
power to direct the activities which most significantly affect the performance of these entities and, therefore, is 
not the primary beneficiary of these entities. Accordingly, Citizens does not consolidate these VIEs.

Contingent  commitments  related  to  the  Company’s  renewable  energy  investments  were  $67  million  at 
December  31,  2023,  and  are  expected  to  be  paid  in  varying  amounts  through  2026.  These  payments  are 
contingent  upon  the  level  of  electricity  production  attained  by  the  renewable  energy  entity  relative  to  its 
targeted threshold and changes in the production tax credit rates set by the Internal Revenue Service.

New Markets Tax Credit Program

The  Company  participates  in  the  NMTC  program  which  provides  a  tax  incentive  for  private  sector 
investment into economic development projects and businesses located in low-income communities. The United 
States  Department  of  the  Treasury  oversees  the  program  and  it  is  directly  administered  by  the  Community 
Development Financial Institutions Fund.

The Company’s investments in entities that sponsor economic development projects provide income tax 
credits to offset federal taxable income over a specified period of time. Independent third parties manage these 
entities and have the power to direct the activities which most significantly affect their performance. Therefore, 
Citizens is not the primary beneficiary of these entities and does not consolidate these VIEs as a result.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 123

The  Company  applies  the  proportional  amortization  method  to  account  for  its  LIHTC  investments. 
Effective  January  1,  2023,  the  Company  made  an  election  to  account  for  its  renewable  energy  and  NMTC 
investments  using  the  proportional  amortization  method  under  newly  adopted  accounting  guidance.  Under  the 
proportional  amortization  method,  the  Company  applies  a  practical  expedient  for  its  LIHTC  and  NMTC 
investments  and  amortizes  the  initial  cost  of  qualifying  investments  in  proportion  to  the  income  tax  credits 
received in the current period as compared to the total income tax credits expected to be received over the life 
of  the  investment.  For  renewable  energy  investments,  the  Company  amortizes  the  initial  cost  of  qualifying 
investments in proportion to the income tax credits and other income tax benefits received in the current period 
as compared to the total income tax credits and other income tax benefits expected to be received over the life 
of  the  investment.  The  net  amortization  and  income  tax  credits  and  other  income  tax  benefits  received  are 
included as a component of income tax expense (benefit).

The following table summarizes the impact  to the Consolidated Statements of Operations relative to the 
Company’s  tax  credit  programs  for  which  it  has  elected  to  apply  the  proportional  amortization  method  of 
accounting: 

(dollars in millions)

Tax credits recognized

Other tax benefits recognized

Amortization

Net benefit (expense) included in income tax expense

Other income

Allocated income (loss) on investments

Net benefit (expense) included in noninterest income

Net benefit (expense) included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations(1)

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$334 

71 

$236 

59 

(320)   

(247)   

85 

5 

(10)   

(5)   

$80 

48 

— 

— 

— 

$48 

$202 

48 

(208) 

42 

— 

— 

— 

$42 

(1) Includes the impact of tax credit investments when the election to apply the proportional amortization method was in effect during the periods presented. For 

2023, this includes LIHTC, renewable energy and NMTC investments, and for 2022 and 2021, includes LIHTC investments.

 The Company did not recognize impairment losses resulting from the forfeiture or ineligibility of income 

tax credits or other circumstances during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.

NOTE 12 - DEPOSITS 

The following table presents the major components of deposits: 

(dollars in millions)

Demand

Money market

Checking with interest

Savings

Term

Total deposits

December 31,

2023

2022

$37,107 

$49,283 

53,812 

31,876 

27,983 

26,564 

49,905 

39,721 

29,805 

12,010 

  $177,342 

  $180,724 

The following table presents the maturity distribution of term deposits by year as of December 31, 2023:

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029 and thereafter

Total

(dollars in millions)

$25,529 

866 

74 

59 

33 

3 

$26,564 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 124

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the remaining maturities of term deposits with a denomination of $250,000 

or more as of December 31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

Three months or less

After three months through six months

After six months through twelve months

After twelve months 

Total term deposits

NOTE 13 - BORROWED FUNDS 

Short-term borrowed funds

$2,559 

1,527 

1,358 

229 

$5,673 

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s short-term borrowed funds:

(dollars in millions)

Other short-term borrowed funds

Total short-term borrowed funds

Long-term borrowed funds

December 31,

2023

2022

$505 

$505 

$3 

$3 

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s long-term borrowed funds:

(dollars in millions)

Parent Company:

3.750% fixed-rate subordinated debt, due July 2024

4.023% fixed-rate subordinated debt, due October 2024

4.350% fixed-rate subordinated debt, due August 2025

4.300% fixed-rate subordinated debt, due December 2025

2.850% fixed-rate senior unsecured notes, due July 2026

2.500% fixed-rate senior unsecured notes, due February 2030

3.250% fixed-rate senior unsecured notes, due April 2030

3.750% fixed-rate reset subordinated debt, due February 2031

4.300% fixed-rate reset subordinated debt, due February 2031

4.350% fixed-rate reset subordinated debt, due February 2031

2.638% fixed-rate subordinated debt, due September 2032

5.641% fixed-rate reset subordinated debt, due May 2037

CBNA’s Global Note Program:
3.700% senior unsecured notes, due March 2023(1)
5.676% floating-rate senior unsecured notes, due March 2023(1)(2)
2.250% senior unsecured notes, due April 2025

4.119% fixed/floating-rate senior unsecured notes, due May 2025

6.064% fixed/floating-rate senior unsecured notes, due October 2025

5.284% fixed/floating-rate senior unsecured notes, due January 2026

3.750% senior unsecured notes, due February 2026

4.575% fixed/floating-rate senior unsecured notes, due August 2028

December 31,

2023

2022

$90 

17 

133 

336 

499 

298 

746 

69 

135 

60 

563 

398 

— 

— 

749 

649 

599 

349 

483 

798 

$90 

17 

133 

336 

498 

298 

746 

69 

135 

61 

556 

397 

497 

250 

748 

648 

598 

— 

475 

797 

Additional Borrowings by CBNA and Other Subsidiaries:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances, 5.570% weighted average rate, due through 2041(3)
Secured borrowings, 6.026% weighted average rate, due through 2030(3)(4)
Other

Total long-term borrowed funds

(1)   Notes were redeemed on February 27, 2023.
(2)   Rate disclosed reflects the floating rate as of December 31, 2023, or final floating rate as applicable.
(3)   Rate disclosed reflects the weighted average rate as of December 31, 2023.
(4)   Collateralized by auto loans. See Note 11 for additional information.

3,786 

2,692 

18 

8,519 

— 

19 

$13,467 

$15,887 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At  December  31,  2023,  the  Company’s  long-term  borrowed  funds  include  principal  balances  of  $13.6 
billion,  unamortized  debt  issuance  costs  and  discounts  of  $74  million,  and  hedging  basis  adjustments  of  ($17) 
million.  At  December  31,  2022,  the  Company’s  long-term  borrowed  funds  include  principal  balances  of  $16.0 
billion,  unamortized  debt  issuance  costs  and  discounts  of  $85  million,  and  hedging  basis  adjustments  of  ($27) 
million. See Note 14 for further information about the Company’s hedging of certain long-term borrowed funds.

Advances,  lines  of  credit  and  letters  of  credit  from  the  FHLB  are  collateralized  primarily  by  residential 
mortgages  and  home  equity  products  sufficient  to  satisfy  the  collateral  maintenance  level  established  by  the 
FHLB.  The  utilized  FHLB  borrowing  capacity,  primarily  for  advances  and  letters  of  credit,  was  $9.2  billion  and 
$15.7  billion  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively.  The  Company’s  available  FHLB  borrowing  capacity 
was $15.9 billion and $11.5 billion at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Citizens can also borrow from 
the  FRB  discount  window  to  meet  short-term  liquidity  requirements.  Collateral,  including  certain  loans,  is 
pledged  to  support  this  borrowing  capacity.  At  December  31,  2023,  the  Company’s  unused  secured  borrowing 
capacity was approximately $69.0 billion, which includes unencumbered securities, FHLB borrowing capacity, and 
FRB discount window capacity. 

The  following  table  presents  a  summary  of  maturities  for  the  Company’s  long-term  borrowed  funds  at 

December 31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

Year

2024

2025

2026

2027

2028

2029 and thereafter

Total

NOTE 14 - DERIVATIVES 

Parent 
Company

CBNA and 
Other 
Subsidiaries

Consolidated

$107   

469   

499   

—   

—   

2,269   

$363   

5,771   

2,019   

5   

1,745   

220   

$470 

6,240 

2,518 

5 

1,745 

2,489 

$3,344   

$10,123   

$13,467 

In the normal course of business, Citizens enters into derivative transactions to meet the financing and 
hedging needs of its customers and reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency 
exchange rates. These transactions include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate options, foreign exchange 
contracts,  residential  loan  commitment  rate  locks,  interest  rate  future  contracts,  swaptions,  certain 
commodities,  forward  commitments  to  sell  TBAs,  forward  sale  contracts  and  purchase  options.  The  Company 
does not use derivatives for speculative purposes.

The  Company’s  derivative  instruments  are  reported  at  fair  value  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  as 
derivative  assets  and  derivative  liabilities.  Certain  derivatives  are  cleared  through  central  clearing  houses. 
Cleared  derivatives  represent  contracts  executed  bilaterally  with  counterparties  in  the  OTC  market  that  are 
novated  to  central  clearing  houses  that  become  our  counterparty.  OTC-cleared  derivative  instruments  are 
typically settled in cash each day based on their value from the previous day. Information regarding the valuation 
methodology and inputs used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments is described in 
Note 20.

Derivative assets and liabilities are netted by counterparty in the Consolidated Balance Sheets if a “right 
of setoff” is established in a master netting agreement between the Company and the counterparty. This netted 
derivative asset or liability position is also netted against the fair value of any cash collateral that is pledged or 
received in accordance with a master netting agreement.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 126

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents derivative instruments included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(dollars in millions)

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Notional 
Amount

Derivative 
Assets

Derivative 
Liabilities

Notional 
Amount

Derivative 
Assets

Derivative 
Liabilities

Interest rate contracts

$86,895   

$173   

$44 

$42,250   

$16   

$53 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Interest rate contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Commodities contracts

TBA contracts

Other contracts

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

Total gross derivatives

Less: Gross amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets(1)
Less: Cash collateral applied(1)

Total net derivatives presented in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets

185,993   

32,528   

1,251   

2,337   

549   

291   

434   

685   

3   

7   

222,658   

309,553   

1,420   

1,593   

1,105 

174,384   

378 

640 

16 

— 

2,139 

2,183 

29,475   

1,103   

2,370   

913   

208,245   

250,495   

(471)   

(682)   

(471) 

(150) 

331   

527   

953   

7   

5   

1,579 

519 

942 

14 

4 

1,823   

1,839   

3,058 

3,111 

(623)   

(374)   

(623) 

(579) 

$440   

$1,562 

$842   

$1,909 

(1)  Amounts  represent  the  impact  of  enforceable  master  netting  agreements  that  allow  the  Company  to  net  settle  positive  and  negative  positions,  as  well  as 

collateral paid and received.

The  Company’s  derivative  transactions  are  internally  divided  into  three  sub-groups:  institutional, 
customer facilitation and residential loan. Certain derivative transactions within these sub-groups are designated 
as fair value or cash flow hedges, as described below:

Derivatives Designated As Hedging Instruments

The Company’s institutional derivatives qualify for hedge accounting treatment. The net interest accruals 
on interest rate swaps designated in a fair value or cash flow hedge relationship are treated as an adjustment to 
interest income or interest expense of the item being hedged. All hedging relationships are formally documented 
at inception, as well as risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various accounting hedges. In 
addition,  the  effectiveness  of  hedge  relationships  is  monitored  during  the  duration  of  the  hedge  period.  The 
methods  utilized  to  assess  hedge  effectiveness  vary  based  on  the  hedge  relationship  and  each  relationship  is 
monitored to ensure  that  management’s initial intent continues to be satisfied. Hedge accounting treatment is 
discontinued when the derivative is terminated or when it is determined that a derivative is not expected to be, 
or has ceased to be, effective as a hedge. Changes in the fair value of a derivative are reflected in earnings after 
termination of the hedge relationship.

Fair Value Hedges

In a fair value hedge, changes in the fair value of both the derivative instrument and the hedged asset or 
liability  attributable  to  the  risk  being  hedged  are  recognized  in  the  same  income  statement  line  item  in  the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations when the changes in fair value occur. During 2023, the Company entered 
into fair value hedges to manage interest rate risk within the AFS securities portfolio. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 127

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the change in fair value of interest rate contracts designated as fair value 
hedges,  as  well  as  the  change  in  fair  value  of  the  related  hedged  items  attributable  to  the  risk  being  hedged, 
included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:

Year Ended December 31,

(dollars in millions)

2023

2022

2021

Affected Line Item in the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations

Interest rate swaps hedging long-term borrowed funds  

$10 

($69)   

($72)  Interest expense - long-term borrowed funds

Hedged long-term borrowed funds attributable to the 
risk being hedged

Interest rate swaps hedging LHFS

Hedged LHFS attributable to the risk being hedged

Interest rate swaps hedging debt securities available 
for sale

Hedged debt securities available for sale attributable 
to risk being hedged

(10)   

— 

— 

68 

13 

71  Interest expense - long-term borrowed funds

—  Interest and fees on other loans held for sale

(13)   

—  Interest and fees on other loans held for sale

(48)   

29 

68  Interest income - investment securities

50 

(29)   

(68)  Interest income - investment securities

The following table reflects amounts recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to cumulative 

basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

(dollars in millions)

Carrying amount of hedged assets

Carrying amount of hedged liabilities

Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the 
carrying amount of the hedged items

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Debt securities 
available for 
sale(1)

Long-term 
borrowed 
funds

Debt securities 
available for 
sale

Long-term 
borrowed 
funds

$7,253   

—   

60   

$— 

483 

(17)   

$—   

—   

—   

$— 

972 

(27) 

(1) Includes the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios used to designate hedging relationships under the portfolio layer method. The hedged item is a layer of 
the closed portfolio which is expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationship. As of December 31, 2023, the amortized cost basis of the closed 
portfolios  used  in  these  hedging  relationships  was  $5.9  billion,  including  associated  cumulative  basis  adjustments  of  $39  million,  and  the  amount  of  the 
designated hedging instruments was $4.0 billion.

Cash Flow Hedges

In  a  cash  flow  hedge  the  entire  change  in  the  fair  value  of  the  interest  rate  swap  included  in  the 
assessment  of  hedge  effectiveness  is  initially  recorded  in  OCI  and  is  subsequently  reclassified  from  AOCI  to 
current period earnings (net interest income) in the same period that the hedged item affects earnings. 

Citizens has entered into interest rate swap agreements designed to hedge a portion of the Company’s 
floating-rate  assets  and  liabilities.  All  of  these  swaps  are  deemed  highly  effective  cash  flow  hedges.  The 
Company has also entered into certain interest rate option agreements that utilize interest rate floors and caps, 
or some combination thereof, providing the ability to hedge the variability in cash flows within different interest 
rate bands. Option premiums paid and received are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and are 
amortized over the life of the instruments.

The  following  table  presents  the  pre-tax  net  gains  (losses)  recorded  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations  and  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income  related  to  derivative  instruments 
designated as cash flow hedges:

(dollars in millions)

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) recognized in OCI

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest income  

Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest expense  

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

($145)   

(596)   

— 

($1,806)   

(111)   

(4)   

($66) 

183 

(48) 

Using  the  interest  rate  curve  at  December  31,  2023  with  respect  to  cash  flow  hedge  strategies,  the 
Company  estimates  that  approximately  $914  million  in  pre-tax  net  losses  will  be  reclassified  from  AOCI  to  net 
interest income over the next 12 months, including $460 million related to terminated swaps. This amount could 
differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition 
of other hedges subsequent to December 31, 2023.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 128

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

The  Company  offers  derivatives  to  customers  in  connection  with  their  risk  management  needs.  These 
derivatives primarily consist of interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity derivative contracts. Market risk 
exposure from customer transactions is primarily managed by entering into a variety of hedging transactions with 
third-party  dealers.  Gains  and  losses  on  customer-related  derivatives  are  reported  in  foreign  exchange  and 
derivatives products in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Residential mortgage loans that will be sold in the secondary market and the related loan commitments, 
which  are  considered  derivatives,  are  accounted  for  at  fair  value.  Changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  loans  and 
related  commitments  due  to  interest  rate  risk  are  hedged  with  forward  contracts  to  sell  mortgage-backed 
securities.  Gains  and  losses  on  the  loans  and  related  commitments,  and  the  derivatives  used  to  economically 
hedge them, are reported in mortgage banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

  Residential  MSRs  are  accounted  for  at  fair  value.  Derivatives  utilized  to  hedge  the  fair  value  of 
residential  MSRs  include  interest  rate  futures,  swaps,  options,  and  forward  contracts  to  purchase  mortgage-
backed  securities.  Gains  and  losses  on  residential  MSRs  and  the  related  derivatives  are  reported  in  mortgage 
banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table presents the effect of economic hedges on noninterest income:

(dollars in millions)

Economic hedge type:

Amounts Recognized in 
Noninterest Income for the Year 
Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Affected Line Item in the Consolidated 
Statements of Operations

Customer interest rate contracts

($505)   

($2,027)   

($374)  Foreign exchange and derivative products

Derivatives hedging interest rate risk

Customer foreign exchange contracts

Derivatives hedging foreign exchange risk

551 

94 

14 

2,090 

401  Foreign exchange and derivative products

(180)   

(207)  Foreign exchange and derivative products

313 

305  Foreign exchange and derivative products

Customer commodity contracts

(900)   

1,121 

779  Foreign exchange and derivative products

Derivatives hedging commodity price risk

941 

(1,097)   

(770)  Foreign exchange and derivative products

Residential loan commitments

(34)   

(284)   

(208)  Mortgage banking fees

Derivatives hedging residential loan commitments and 
mortgage LHFS, at fair value

25 

489 

152  Mortgage banking fees

Derivative contracts used to hedge residential MSRs

(33)   

(313)   

(150)  Mortgage banking fees

Total

$153 

$112 

($72) 

NOTE 15 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Pension and Other Postretirement Plans

Citizens maintains a non-contributory pension plan (the “Citizens Qualified Plan”) that was closed to new 
hires and re-hires effective January 1, 2009, and frozen to all participants effective December 31, 2012. Benefits 
under the Citizens Qualified Plan are based on employees’ years of service and highest 5-year average of eligible 
compensation. The Citizens Qualified Plan is funded on a current basis, in compliance with the requirements of 
the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. 

In  connection  with  the  Investors  acquisition,  effective  June  30,  2022,  the  Company  withdrew  from  a 
multi-employer  plan  and  transferred  the  plan  assets  into  a  newly  established  defined  benefit  pension  plan 
sponsored by Citizens (the “Investors Qualified Plan”). The Investors Qualified Plan was closed to new hires and 
re-hires  effective  December  1,  2015,  and  future  benefit  accruals  were  frozen  to  all  participants  effective 
December 31, 2016.

The Citizens Qualified Plan and the Investors Qualified Plan are collectively referred to as the Company’s 

“Qualified Plans.”

Citizens  also  provides  an  unfunded,  non-qualified  supplemental  retirement  plan  which  was  closed  and 
frozen effective December 31, 2012, as well as postretirement benefit plans. As part of the Investors acquisition 
in  2022,  the  Company  also  obtained  other  frozen,  non-qualified  supplemental  retirement  and  postretirement 
benefit plans. These plans are collectively referred to as the Company’s “Non-Qualified Plans.”

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 129

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company’s  Qualified  Plans  and  Non-Qualified  Plans  are  collectively  referred  to  as  the  Company’s 
“Pension Plans.” The Pension Plans’ investments include equity-oriented and fixed income-oriented investments 
including,  but  not  limited  to,  government  obligations,  corporate  bonds,  and  common  and  collective  equity  and 
fixed income funds.

The following table presents changes in the fair value of the Company’s Pension Plan assets, projected 

benefit obligation, funded status, and accumulated benefit obligation: 

(dollars in millions)

Fair value of plan assets as of January 1

Return on plan assets 

Employer contributions

Benefits and administrative expenses paid

Fair value of plan assets from Investors acquisition

Fair value of plan assets as of December 31

Projected benefit obligation

Pension asset (obligation)

Accumulated benefit obligation

Year Ended December 31,

Qualified Plans

Non-Qualified Plans

2023

2022

2023

2022

  $1,182 

  $1,390 

169 

— 

(262)   

— 

$— 

— 

5 

(70)   

(76)   

(5)   

— 

1,281 

880 

$401 

$880 

130 

1,182 

868 

$314 

$868 

— 

— 

99 

($99)   

($94) 

$99 

$94 

$— 

— 

8 

(8) 

— 

— 

94 

Actuarial  losses  related  to  the  Pension  Plans  recognized  in  AOCI  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022  were 

$446 million and $504 million, respectively.

In 2024, Citizens does not plan to contribute to the Qualified Plans and expects to contribute $10 million 

to the Non-Qualified Plans.

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost (income) and other changes in 

plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in OCI for the Company’s Pension Plans: 

(dollars in millions)

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of actuarial loss

Settlement

Net periodic benefit cost (income)(1)

Net actuarial loss (gain)

Amortization of actuarial loss

Settlement

Total recognized in OCI

Year Ended December 31,

Qualified Plans

Non-Qualified Plans

Total

2023

2022

2021

2023

2022

2021

2023

2022

2021

$—   

$—   

$— 

$4   

46   

$3   

34   

$3 

31 

(92)   

(93)   

(85)   

15   

11   

—   

—   

14 

15 

(27)   

(45)   

(22)   

(44)   

71   

(73)   

(15)   

(11)   

(14)   

—   

—   

(15)   

(59)   

60    (102)   

5   

—   

2   

—   

7   

1   

(2)   

—   

(1)   

3   

—   

3   

—   

6   

3 

— 

3 

— 

6 

$4   

51   

$3   

37   

$3 

34 

(92)   

(93)   

(85) 

17   

14   

—   

—   

(20)   

(39)   

17 

15 

(16) 

(74) 

(17) 

(15) 

(19)   

(1)   

(43)   

52   

(3)   

—   

(3)   

(17)   

(14)   

— 

—   

—   

(22)   

(4)   

(60)   

38    (106) 

Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost (income) and OCI

  ($86)   

$15    ($124)   

$6    ($16)   

$2 

  ($80)   

($1)    ($122) 

(1) In the Consolidated Statements of Operations, service cost is presented in salaries and employee benefits and all other components of net periodic benefit cost 

(income) are presented in other operating expense. 

Costs under the Company’s Pension Plans are actuarially computed and include current service costs and 
amortization  of  prior  service  costs  over  the  participants’  average  future  working  lifetime.  The  actuarial  cost 
method used in determining the net periodic benefit cost is the projected unit method. During 2021, lump sum 
payments  made  under  the  Citizens  Qualified  Plan  triggered  settlement  accounting.  In  accordance  with  the 
applicable  accounting  guidance  for  defined  benefit  plans,  the  Company  performed  a  remeasurement  of  the 
Citizens Qualified Plan and recognized a settlement loss.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 130

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the expected future benefit payments for the Company’s Pension Plans:

Expected benefit payments by fiscal year ending:

December 31, 2024

December 31, 2025

December 31, 2026

December 31, 2027

December 31, 2028

December 31, 2029 - 2033

401(k) Plan

(dollars in millions)

$73 

74 

75 

75 

75 

366 

Citizens sponsors a 401(k) Plan under which employee contributions are matched by the Company dollar 
for dollar up to 4% after the employee completes of one year of service. In addition, substantially all employees 
will receive an additional 1.5% of their eligible earnings after completion of one year of service, subject to limits 
set by the Internal Revenue Service. Amounts expensed by the Company were $78 million in 2023 compared to 
$86 million in 2022 and $63 million in 2021.

NOTE 16 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) 

The  following  table  presents  the  changes  in  the  balances,  net  of  income  taxes,  of  each  component  of 

AOCI:

(dollars in millions)

Balance at January 1, 2021

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified to the Consolidated Statements of Operations

Net other comprehensive income (loss)

Balance at December 31, 2021

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Net 
Unrealized 
Gains 
(Losses) on 
Derivatives

Net 
Unrealized 
Gains 
(Losses) on 
Debt 
Securities

Employee 
Benefit 
Plans

Total AOCI

($11)   

(49)   

(101)   

(150)   

$380 

($429)   

(528)   

(8)   

(536)   

— 

81 

81 

($60) 

(577) 

(28) 

(605) 

($161)   

($156)   

($348)   

($665) 

(1,340)   

(2,608)   

(37)   

(3,985) 

Amounts reclassified to the Consolidated Statements of Operations

85 

(7)   

12 

90 

Net other comprehensive income (loss)

Balance at December 31, 2022

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications

Amounts reclassified to the Consolidated Statements of Operations

Net other comprehensive income (loss)

Balance at December 31, 2023

(1,255)   

(2,615)   

(25)   

(3,895) 

($1,416)   

($2,771)   

($373)   

($4,560) 

(106)   

435 

329 

350 

83 

433 

28 

12 

40 

272 

530 

802 

($1,087)   

($2,338)   

($333)   

($3,758) 

Primary location in the Consolidated Statements of Operations of amounts 
reclassified from AOCI

Net interest 
income

Securities 
gains, net 
and Net 
interest 
income

Other 
operating 
expense

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 131

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 17 - STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Preferred Stock 

The following table summarizes the Company’s preferred stock:

(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Authorized ($25 par value per share)

Issued and outstanding:

Series B

Series C

Series D

Series E

Series F

Series G

Total

December 31,

2023

2022

Liquidation 
value per 
share

Preferred 
Shares

 100,000,000 

Carrying 
Amount

Preferred 
Shares

Carrying 
Amount

 100,000,000 

$1,000

1,000 
1,000  (1)
1,000  (1)
1,000 

1,000 

300,000 

300,000 
300,000  (2)
450,000  (3)
400,000 

300,000 

$296

297 

293 

437 

395 

296 

300,000 

300,000   

300,000   

450,000   

400,000   

300,000   

$296

297 

293 

437 

395 

296 

  2,050,000 

$2,014

  2,050,000 

$2,014

(1) Equivalent to $25 per depositary share.
(2) Represented by 12,000,000 depositary shares each representing a 1/40th interest in the Series D Preferred Stock.
(3) Represented by 18,000,000 depositary shares each representing a 1/40th interest in the Series E Preferred Stock.

The  following  table  provides  information  related  to  the  Company’s  preferred  stock  outstanding  as  of 

December 31, 2023:

Preferred 
Stock(1)

Series B

Issue Date
May 24, 2018

Number of 
Shares 
Issued
300,000

Series C

October 25, 2018

300,000

Dividend Dates(2)
Semi-annually beginning January 6, 2019 until 
July 6, 2023

Quarterly beginning October 6, 2023

Quarterly beginning January 6, 2019 until April 
6, 2024

Quarterly beginning July 6, 2024

Series D

January 29, 2019     300,000(4) Quarterly beginning April 6, 2019 until April 6, 

2024

Quarterly beginning July 6, 2024

Annual Per Share Dividend 
Rate

6.000% until July 6, 2023

Optional 
Redemption 
Date(3)
July 6, 2023

3 Mo. CME Term SOFR plus 
3.265% beginning July 6, 
2023(6)
6.375% until April 6, 2024

3 Mo. CME Term SOFR plus 
3.419% beginning April 6, 
2024(6)
6.350% until April 6, 2024

3 Mo. CME Term SOFR plus 
3.904% beginning April 6, 
2024(6)
5.000%

April 6, 2024

April 6, 2024

January 6, 2025

October 6, 2025

October 6, 2026

Series E

Series F

October 28, 2019     450,000(5) Quarterly beginning January 6, 2020

June 4, 2020

400,000

Quarterly beginning October 6, 2020 until 
October 6, 2025

5.650% until October 6, 
2025

Quarterly beginning January 6, 2026

Series G

June 11, 2021

300,000

Quarterly beginning October 6, 2021 until 
October 6, 2026 

Quarterly beginning January 6, 2027

5 Yr. US Treasury rate plus 
5.313% beginning October 6, 
2025 
4.000% until October 6, 
2026

5 Yr. US Treasury rate plus 
3.215% beginning October 6, 
2026 

(1) Series B through D are non-cumulative fixed-to-floating rate perpetual preferred stock, Series E is non-cumulative fixed-rate perpetual preferred stock, and 
Series F and G are non-cumulative fixed-rate reset perpetual preferred stock. Except in limited circumstances, each series of preferred stock does not have 
voting rights.

(2) Dividends are payable when declared by the Company’s Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof.
(3) Redeemable at the Company’s option, in whole or in part, on any dividend payment date on or after the date stated, or in whole but not in part, at any time 
within 90 days following a regulatory capital treatment event as defined in the applicable certificate of designations, in each case at a redemption price equal 
to $1,000 per share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends. Under current rules, any redemption is subject 
to approval by the FRB. 

(4) Represented by 12,000,000 depositary shares each representing a 1/40th interest in the Series D Preferred Stock.
(5) Represented by 18,000,000 depositary shares each representing a 1/40th interest in the Series E Preferred Stock.
(6)  Effective  July  1,  2023,  Series  B  through  D  transitioned  from  three-month  USD  LIBOR  to  three-month  CME  Term  SOFR,  plus  a  tenor  spread  adjustment  of 

0.26161%, as their benchmark replacement rate during their respective floating-rate periods due to the cessation of LIBOR on June 30, 2023. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 132

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dividends

The following tables summarize the Company’s dividend activity for the years ended December 31, 2023, 

2022 and 2021.

(dollars in millions, 
except per share data)

Common stock

Preferred stock

Series A

Series B

Series C

Series D

Series E

Series F

Series G

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Dividends 
Declared 
per Share

Dividends 
Declared

Dividends 
Paid

Dividends 
Declared 
per Share

Dividends 
Declared

Dividends 
Paid

Dividends 
Declared 
per Share

Dividends 
Declared

Dividends 
Paid

$1.68   

$808   

$808 

$1.62   

$779   

$779 

$1.56   

$670   

$670 

$—   

74.49   

63.75   

63.50   

50.00   

56.50   

40.00   

$—   

22   

19   

19   

22   

23   

12   

$— 

25 

19 

19 

22 

23 

12 

$—   

60.00   

63.75   

63.50   

50.00   

56.50   

40.00   

$—   

18   

19   

19   

22   

23   

12   

$— 

18 

19 

19 

22 

23 

12 

$20.99   

60.00   

63.75   

63.50   

50.00   

56.50   

22.78   

$5   

18   

19   

18   

23   

23   

7   

$8 

18 

19 

18 

23 

23 

4 

Total preferred stock

$117   

$120 

$113   

$113 

$113   

$113 

Treasury Stock

The purchase of the Company’s common stock is recorded at cost. Upon retirement, or if subsequently 
reissued,  treasury  stock  is  reduced  by  the  cost  of  such  stock  on  a  first-in,  first-out  basis  with  differences 
recorded in additional paid-in capital or retained earnings, as applicable.

During  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Company  repurchased  $906  million,  or 
28,473,805  shares,  and  repurchased  $153  million,  or  3,815,922  shares,  respectively,  of  its  outstanding  common 
stock, which are held in treasury stock.

NOTE 18 - SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Citizens has share-based employee compensation plans as outlined below, pursuant to which awards are 
granted to employees  and non-employee directors. The Company has granted time-based restricted stock units 
and  performance-based  restricted  stock  units,  which  represent  the  right  to  receive  shares  of  stock  on  a  future 
date subject to applicable vesting conditions. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan. The Company grants select employees time-
based restricted stock units and performance-based restricted stock units under this plan. Time-based restricted 
stock units generally become vested ratably over a  3-year period and  performance-based restricted stock units 
generally  become  vested  in  a  single  installment  at  the  end  of  a  3-year  performance  period,  depending  on  the 
level of performance achieved during such period relative to established targets. If a dividend is paid on shares 
underlying the awards prior to the date such shares are distributed, those dividends will be distributed following 
vesting in the same form as the dividend that was paid to common stockholders generally.

Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Non-Employee  Directors  Compensation  Plan.  The  Company  grants 
time-based restricted stock units to non-employee directors as compensation for their services under this plan. 
Restricted  stock  units  granted  to  directors  are  fully  vested  on  the  grant  date,  with  settlement  of  the  awards 
deferred until a director’s cessation of service. If a dividend is paid on the shares underlying the awards prior to 
the date such shares are distributed, they are reinvested into additional restricted stock units.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. This plan provides eligible employees 
an  opportunity  to  purchase  CFG  common  stock  at  a  10%  discount.  Participants  may  contribute  up  to  10%  of 
eligible compensation to the ESPP and may purchase up to $25,000 worth of stock in any calendar year. Offering 
periods  under  the  ESPP  are  quarterly,  with  shares  of  CFG  common  stock  purchased  on  the  last  day  of  each 
quarter at a 10% discount from the fair market value, defined as the closing price on the day of purchase. Prior 
to the date the shares are purchased, participants have no rights or privileges as a stockholder with respect to 
shares purchased at the end of the offering period.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 133

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restricted Stock Unit Activity

The following table presents the activity related to the Company’s restricted stock unit activity: 

2023

2022

2021

Units

Weighted-Average 
Grant Price

Units

Weighted-Average 
Grant Price

Units

Weighted-Average 
Grant Price

Year Ended December 31,

Outstanding, January 1

3,876,601 

$43.06 

3,502,956 

$38.23 

3,496,231 

Assumed

Granted

— 

2,575,234 

Vested & Distributed

(1,729,136)   

Forfeited

(149,042)   

— 

39.88 

40.84 

42.92 

— 

1,844,352 

(1,359,543)   

(111,164)   

— 

48.12 

37.47 

43.36 

82,013 

1,417,370 

(1,400,722)   

(91,936)   

Outstanding, December 31  

4,573,657 

$42.23 

3,876,601 

$43.06 

3,502,956 

$34.37 

49.95 

44.97 

38.88 

35.00 

$38.23 

There are 40,750,357 shares of common stock available for awards to be granted under the Omnibus Plan 
and  Directors  Plan.  In  addition,  there  are  2,991,009  shares  available  for  issuance  under  the  ESPP.  Upon 
settlement  of  share-based  awards,  the  Company  generally  issues  new  shares,  but  may  also  issue  shares  from 
treasury stock.

Compensation Expense

Citizens measures compensation expense related to stock awards based upon the fair value of the awards 
on  the  grant  date.  Compensation  expense  is  adjusted  for  forfeitures  as  they  occur.  The  related  expense  is 
charged to earnings on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (i.e., vesting period) of the award. 
With respect to performance-based stock awards, compensation expense is adjusted upward or downward based 
upon the probability of achievement of performance. Awards that continue to vest after retirement are expensed 
over the shorter of the period of time from grant date to the final vesting date or from the grant date to the date 
when an employee is retirement eligible. Awards granted to employees who are retirement eligible at the grant 
date are generally expensed immediately.

Share-based  compensation  expense  was  $87  million,  $84  million  and  $59  million  for  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  At  December  31,  2023,  the  total  unrecognized  compensation 
expense  for  unvested  awards  granted  was  $76  million.  This  expense  is  expected  to  be  recognized  over  a 
weighted-average period of approximately two years.

Citizens  recognized  income  tax  benefits  related  to  share-based  compensation  arrangements  of  $16 

million, $19 million and $12 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE 19 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

A summary of outstanding off-balance sheet arrangements is presented below: 

(dollars in millions)

Commitments to extend credit

Letters of credit

Loans sold with recourse

Marketing rights

Risk participation agreements

Total

Commitments to Extend Credit

December 31,

2023

2022

$94,201 

$96,076 

1,977 

2,119 

96 

18 

3 

92 

23 

4 

$96,295 

$98,314 

Commitments  to  extend  credit  are  agreements  to  lend  to  customers  in  accordance  with  conditions 
contractually  agreed  upon  in  advance.  Generally,  the  commitments  have  fixed  expiration  dates  or  termination 
clauses  and  may  require  payment  of  a  fee.  Since  many  of  these  commitments  are  expected  to  expire  without 
being drawn upon, the contract amounts are not necessarily indicative of future cash requirements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 134

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Letters of Credit 

Letters  of  credit  in  the  table  above  reflect  commercial,  standby  financial  and  standby  performance 
letters of credit. Financial and performance standby letters of credit are issued by the Company for the benefit 
of its customers. They are used as conditional guarantees of payment to a third party in the event the customer 
either  fails  to  make  specific  payments  (financial)  or  fails  to  complete  a  specific  project  (performance).  The 
Company’s  exposure  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of  counterparty  nonperformance  in  connection  with  the  above 
instruments  is  represented  by  the  contractual  amount  of  those  instruments.  Generally,  letters  of  credit  are 
collateralized by cash, accounts receivable, inventory or investment securities. Credit risk associated with letters 
of credit is considered in determining the appropriate amount of allowances for unfunded commitments. Standby 
letters  of  credit  and  commercial  letters  of  credit  are  issued  for  terms  of  up  to  two  years  and  one  year, 
respectively. 

Other Commitments

Citizens has additional off-balance sheet arrangements that are summarized below:

• Marketing  Rights  -  During  2003,  Citizens  entered  into  a  25-year  agreement  to  acquire  the  naming  and 

marketing rights of a baseball stadium in Pennsylvania. 

•

•

Loans  sold  with  recourse  -  Citizens  is  an  originator  and  servicer  of  residential  mortgages  and  routinely 
sells such mortgage loans in the secondary market and to GSEs. In the context of such sales, the Company 
makes certain representations and warranties regarding the characteristics of the underlying loans and, 
as a result, may be contractually required to repurchase such loans or indemnify certain parties against 
losses  for  certain  breaches  of  those  representations  and  warranties.  The  Company  also  sells  the 
government  guaranteed  portion  of  certain  SBA  loans  to  outside  investors,  for  which  it  retains  the 
servicing rights.

Risk  Participation  Agreements  -  RPAs  are  guarantees  issued  by  the  Company  to  other  parties  for  a  fee, 
whereby the Company agrees to participate in the credit risk of a derivative customer of the other party. 
The current amount of credit exposure is spread out over multiple counterparties. At December 31, 2023, 
the remaining terms on these RPAs ranged from less than one year to ten years.

Contingencies

The  Company  operates  in  a  legal  and  regulatory  environment  that  exposes  it  to  potentially  significant 
risks.  A  certain  amount  of  litigation  ordinarily  results  from  the  nature  of  the  Company’s  banking  and  other 
businesses. The Company is a party to legal proceedings, including class actions. The Company is also the subject 
of investigations, reviews, subpoenas, and regulatory matters arising out of its normal business operations which, 
in some instances, relate to concerns about fair lending, unfair and/or deceptive practices, and mortgage-related 
issues. In addition, the Company engages in discussions with relevant governmental and regulatory authorities on 
a  regular  and  ongoing  basis  regarding  various  issues,  and  any  issues  discussed  or  identified  may  result  in 
investigatory or other action being taken. Litigation and regulatory matters may result in settlements, damages, 
fines,  penalties,  public  or  private  censure,  increased  costs,  required  remediation,  restrictions  on  business 
activities, or other impacts on the Company.

In  these  disputes  and  proceedings,  the  Company  contests  liability  and  the  amount  of  damages  as 
appropriate. Given their complex nature, and based on the Company's experience, it may be years before some 
of  these  matters  are  finally  resolved.  Moreover,  before  liability  can  be  reasonably  estimated  for  a  claim, 
numerous legal and factual issues may need to be examined, including through potentially lengthy discovery and 
determination  of  important  factual  matters,  and  by  addressing  novel  or  unsettled  legal  issues  relevant  to  the 
proceedings  in  question.  The  Company  cannot  predict  with  certainty  if,  how,  or  when  such  claims  will  be 
resolved  or  what  the  eventual  settlement,  fine,  penalty  or  other  relief,  if  any,  may  be,  particularly  for  claims 
that are at an early stage in their development or where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages. 
The Company recognizes a provision for a claim when, in the opinion of management after seeking legal advice, 
it  is  probable  that  a  liability  exists  and  the  amount  of  loss  can  be  reasonably  estimated.  In  many  proceedings, 
however, it is not possible to determine whether any loss is probable or to estimate the amount of any loss. 

Based on information currently available, the advice of legal counsel and other advisers, and established 
reserves, management believes that the aggregate liabilities, if any, potentially arising from these proceedings 
will not have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 135

NOTE 20 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 

Citizens measures or monitors many of its assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. Fair value is used on 
a  recurring  basis  for  assets  and  liabilities  for  which  fair  value  is  the  required  or  elected  measurement  basis  of 
accounting.  Fair  value  is  also  used  on  a  nonrecurring  basis  to  evaluate  assets  for  impairment  or  for  disclosure 
purposes.  Nonrecurring  fair  value  adjustments  typically  involve  the  application  of  lower  of  cost  or  market 
accounting  or  write-downs  of  individual  assets.  Fair  value  measurement  guidance  is  also  applied  to  determine 
amounts  reported  for  certain  disclosures  in  this  Note  for  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  required  to  be 
reported at fair value in the financial statements.

Fair Value Option

Citizens  elected  to  account  for  residential  mortgage  LHFS  and  certain  commercial  and  industrial,  and 
commercial real estate LHFS at fair value. The election of the fair value option for financial assets and liabilities 
is  optional  and  irrevocable.  Applying  fair  value  accounting  to  residential  mortgage  LHFS  better  aligns  the 
reported  results  of  the  economic  changes  in  the  value  of  these  loans  and  their  related  economic  hedge 
instruments. Certain commercial and industrial, and commercial real estate LHFS are managed by a commercial 
secondary  loan  desk  that  provides  liquidity  to  banks,  finance  companies  and  institutional  investors.  Fair  value 
accounting is applied to these loans since the Company holds these loans with the intent to sell them in the near-
term.

The following table presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate unpaid 

principal balance of LHFS measured at fair value:

(dollars in millions)

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Aggregate 
Fair Value

Aggregate 
Unpaid 
Principal

Aggregate 
Fair Value 
Greater (Less) 
Than 
Aggregate 
Unpaid 
Principal

Aggregate 
Fair Value

Aggregate 
Unpaid 
Principal

Aggregate 
Fair Value 
Greater (Less) 
Than 
Aggregate 
Unpaid 
Principal

Residential mortgage LHFS, at fair value

$614   

$593   

$21 

$666   

$656   

Commercial and industrial, and commercial real 
estate LHFS, at fair value

62   

69   

(7) 

108   

127   

$10 

(19) 

Residential Mortgage Loans Held for Sale

The  fair  value  of  residential  mortgage  LHFS  is  derived  from  observable  mortgage  security  prices  and 
includes adjustments for loan servicing value, agency guarantee fees, and other loan level attributes which are 
observable in the marketplace. Credit risk does not have a significant impact on the valuation of these loans as 
they  are  sold  shortly  after  origination.  Residential  mortgage  LHFS  are  classified  as  Level  2  in  the  fair  value 
hierarchy given the observable market inputs utilized to value these loans.

Residential mortgage loans accounted for under the fair value option are initially measured at fair value 
when the financial asset is originated or purchased. Subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in mortgage 
banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. 

Interest  income  on  residential  mortgage  loans  held  for  sale  is  calculated  based  on  the  contractual 

interest rate of the loan and is recorded in interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Commercial and Industrial, and Commercial Real Estate Loans Held for Sale

The  fair  value  of  commercial  and  industrial,  and  commercial  real  estate  LHFS  is  estimated  using 
observable  prices  of  similar  loans  that  transact  in  the  marketplace.  External  pricing  services  that  provide  fair 
value estimates based on quotes from various dealers transacting in the market, sector curves or benchmarking 
techniques  are  also  utilized.  Commercial  and  industrial,  and  commercial  real  estate  loans  managed  by  the 
commercial secondary loan desk are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy given the observable market 
inputs utilized to value these loans.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 136

 
 
 
 
These  commercial  loans  accounted  for  under  the  fair  value  option  are  initially  measured  at  fair  value 
when the financial asset is recognized. Subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in capital markets fees in 
the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Changes in the fair value of the commercial trading portfolio are due 
to  changes  in  credit  risk  since  the  portfolio  is  comprised  of  floating-rate  obligations  only.  These  credit-related 
changes  may  include  observed  changes  in  overall  credit  spreads  and/or  changes  to  the  creditworthiness  of  an 
individual borrower.

Interest  income  on  commercial  and  industrial,  and  commercial  real  estate  LHFS  is  calculated  based  on 
the  contractual  interest  rate  of  the  loan  and  is  recorded  in  interest  income  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations. 

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

Fair  value  is  measured  using  the  price  that  would  be  received  to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to  transfer  a 
liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is based upon 
quoted  market  prices  in  an  active  market,  if  available,  or  observable  market-based  inputs  or  independently 
sourced parameters if quoted prices are not available. Inputs may include prices for similar assets or liabilities, 
yield curves, interest rates, prepayment speeds, and foreign exchange rates.

The  Company  carries  certain  assets  and  liabilities  at  fair  value,  including  AFS  securities,  derivative 
instruments and other investment securities. In addition, the Company has elected to account for its residential 
mortgage  LHFS  and  loans  managed  by  the  commercial  secondary  loan  trading  desk  at  fair  value.  Assets  and 
liabilities carried at fair value are classified in accordance with the three-level valuation hierarchy:

•

•

•

Level 1. Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level  2.  Observable  inputs  other  than  Level  1  prices,  such  as  quoted  prices  for  similar  instruments, 
quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated 
by market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. 

Level  3.  Unobservable  inputs  that  are  supported  by  little  or  no  market  information  and  that  are 
significant to the fair value measurement. 

Classification  in  the  hierarchy  is  based  upon  the  lowest  level  input  that  is  significant  to  the  fair  value 
measurement  of  the  asset  or  liability.  For  instruments  classified  in  Levels  1  and  2  where  inputs  are  primarily 
based upon observable market data, there is less judgment applied in arriving at the fair value. For instruments 
classified in Level 3, management judgment is more significant due to the lack of observable market data.

Fair value hierarchy classifications are reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis. Changes related to the 
observability  of  inputs  in  fair  value  measurements  may  result  in  a  reclassification  between  the  fair  value 
hierarchy levels and are recognized based on period-end balances.

A variety of valuation techniques are utilized to measure the Company’s assets and liabilities at fair value 

on a recurring basis, with those utilized for significant assets and liabilities presented below:

Debt securities available for sale 

AFS debt securities are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy if quoted prices in active markets 
are available. Classes of securities that are valued using this market approach include debt securities issued by 
the U.S. Treasury. The fair value of a security is estimated under the market or income approach using pricing 
models  if  quoted  market  prices  are  not  available.  These  securities  are  classified  as  Level  2  since  they  trade  in 
active  markets  and  the  inputs  to  their  valuations  are  observable.  The  pricing  models  used  to  value  securities 
generally commence with market prices, or rates, for similar instruments, with adjustments made based on the 
characteristics  of  the  instrument  being  valued.  These  adjustments  reflect  assumptions  made  regarding  the 
sensitivity of each security’s value to changes in interest rates and prepayment speeds. Classes of securities that 
are  valued  using  this  market  approach  include  pooled  mortgage  “pass-through”  securities,  collateralized  loan 
obligations, and other debt securities issued by U.S. GSEs and state and political subdivisions. The pricing models 
used to value securities under the income approach generally commence with the contractual cash flows of each 
security,  with  adjustments  made  based  on  forecasted  prepayment  speeds,  default  rates,  and  other  market-
observable  information.  The  adjusted  cash  flows  are  then  discounted  at  a  rate  derived  from  observed  rates  of 
return for comparable assets or liabilities that are traded in the market. Classes of instruments that are valued 
using this market approach include residential and commercial CMOs. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 137

A majority of the Company’s Level 1 and 2 debt securities are priced using an external pricing service. 
The pricing accuracy of this service is verified on a quarterly basis and involves the use of a secondary external 
vendor  to  provide  valuations  for  the  Company’s  securities  portfolio  for  comparison  purposes.  Any  valuation 
discrepancies  exceeding  a  certain  threshold  are  researched  and,  if  necessary,  corroborated  by  an  independent 
outside broker. 

In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation model, 

securities are classified as Level 3. 

Mortgage Servicing Rights

MSRs  do  not  trade  in  an  active  market  with  readily  observable  prices  and,  therefore,  are  classified  as 
Level  3  since  their  valuation  utilizes  significant  unobservable  inputs.  The  fair  value  is  determined  using  a 
discounted  cash  flow  model,  which  includes  assumptions  associated  with  weighted-average  life,  prepayment 
speed,  and  weighted-average  option  adjusted  spread.  The  underlying  assumptions  and  estimated  values  are 
corroborated by values received from independent third parties based on their review of the servicing portfolio 
and comparisons to market transactions. Refer to Note 8 for more information.

Derivatives

The Company’s interest rate derivatives are traded in OTC markets where quoted market prices are not 
readily available. Fair value is determined through models that primarily use market observable inputs, such as 
swap  rates  and  yield  curves.  These  pricing  models  determine  the  sum  of  each  instrument’s  fixed  and  variable 
cash  flows,  which  are  then  discounted  using  an  appropriate  yield  curve  (i.e.,  Overnight  Index  Swap  curve)  to 
arrive  at  the  fair  value  of  each  derivative  instrument.  The  pricing  models  do  not  contain  a  high  level  of 
subjectivity as the methodologies used do not require significant judgment. Certain adjustments to the modeled 
price that market participants would make when pricing each instrument are also considered, including a credit 
valuation adjustment that reflects the credit quality of the derivative counterparty. The effect of exposure to a 
particular counterparty’s credit is incorporated by netting their derivative contracts with the available collateral 
and  calculating  a  credit  valuation  adjustment  on  the  basis  of  the  net  position  with  the  counterparty  where 
permitted. This adjustment requires judgment on behalf of Company management; however, the total amount of 
this  portfolio-level  adjustment  is  not  material  to  the  total  fair  value  of  the  interest  rate  derivative  portfolio. 
Therefore, interest rate derivatives are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. 

The  fair  value  of  commodity  derivatives  uses  the  mid-point  of  market  observable  quoted  prices  as  an 
input into the fair value model. These observed market prices, combined with other market observed inputs to 
derive the fair value of the instrument, generally classifies the commodity derivative as a Level 2 instrument.

The  fair  value  of  foreign  exchange  derivatives  uses  the  mid-point  of  daily  quoted  currency  spot  prices. 
The valuation model estimates fair value based on these quoted prices along with interest rate yield curves and 
forward currency rates. Since all of these inputs are observable in the market, foreign exchange derivatives are 
classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of TBA contracts is estimated using observable prices of similar loan pools that transact in 
the  marketplace,  as  well  as  sector  curves  and  benchmarking  techniques.  Therefore,  the  TBA  contracts  are 
classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy given the observable market inputs.

Other  contracts  primarily  consist  of  interest  rate  lock  commitments,  which  are  valued  utilizing  loan 
closing  rate  assumptions  that  are  internally  generated.  These  assumptions  are  a  significant  unobservable  input 
and, therefore, interest rate lock commitments are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 138

Equity Securities, at fair value

The  fair  value  of  money  market  mutual  fund  investments  is  determined  based  on  unadjusted  quoted 

market prices and is considered a Level 1 fair value measurement.

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value, including gross derivative assets 

and liabilities, on a recurring basis at December 31, 2023:

(dollars in millions)

Debt securities available for sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

Collateralized loan obligations

State and political subdivisions

U.S. Treasury and other

Total debt securities available for sale

Loans held for sale, at fair value:

Residential loans held for sale

Commercial loans held for sale

Total loans held for sale, at fair value

Mortgage servicing rights

Derivative assets:

Interest rate contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Commodities contracts

TBA contracts

Other contracts

Total derivative assets

Equity securities, at fair value(1)
Total assets

Derivative liabilities:

Interest rate contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Commodities contracts

TBA contracts

Other contracts

Total derivative liabilities

Total liabilities

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$24,732   

$—   

$24,732   

$— 

664   

1   

4,380   

29,777   

—   

—   

4,380   

4,380   

664   

1   

—   

25,397   

614   

62   

676   

1,552   

464   

434   

685   

3   

7   

1,593   

115   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

115   

614   

62   

676   

—   

464   

434   

685   

3   

—   

1,586   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,552 

— 

— 

— 

— 

7 

7 

— 

$33,713   

$4,495   

$27,659   

$1,559 

$1,149   

$—   

$1,149   

$— 

378   

640   

16   

—   

2,183   

$2,183   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

378   

640   

16   

—   

2,183   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$—   

$2,183   

$— 

(1) Excludes investments of $58 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per 
share  (or  its  equivalent)  practical  expedient.  These  investments  include  capital  contributions  to  private  investment  funds  and  have  unfunded  capital 
commitments of $28 million at December 31, 2023, which may be called at any time during prescribed time periods. The credit exposure is generally limited to 
the carrying amount of investments made and unfunded capital commitments.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 139

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value, including gross derivative assets 

and liabilities, on a recurring basis at December 31, 2022:

(dollars in millions)

Debt securities available for sale:

Mortgage-backed securities

Collateralized loan obligations

State and political subdivisions

U.S. Treasury and other

Total debt securities available for sale

Loans held for sale, at fair value:

Residential loans held for sale

Commercial loans held for sale

Total loans held for sale, at fair value

Mortgage servicing rights

Derivative assets:

Interest rate contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Commodities contracts

TBA contracts

Other contracts

Total derivative assets

Equity securities, at fair value(1)
Total assets

Derivative liabilities:

Interest rate contracts

Foreign exchange contracts

Commodities contracts

TBA contracts

Other contracts

Total derivative liabilities

Total liabilities

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$19,313   

1,206   

2   

3,486   

24,007   

666   

108   

774   

1,530   

347   

527   

953   

7   

5   

1,839   

110   

$—   

$19,313   

$— 

—   

—   

3,486   

3,486   

1,206   

2   

—   

20,521   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

110   

666   

108   

774   

—   

347   

527   

953   

7   

—   

1,834   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,530 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5 

5 

— 

$28,260   

$3,596   

$23,129   

$1,535 

$1,632   

$—   

$1,632   

519   

942   

14   

4   

3,111   

$3,111   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

519   

942   

14   

—   

3,107   

$—   

$3,107   

$— 

— 

— 

— 

4 

4 

$4 

(1) Excludes investments of $43 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per 
share  (or  its  equivalent)  practical  expedient.  These  investments  include  capital  contributions  to  private  investment  funds  and  have  unfunded  capital 
commitments of $42 million at December 31, 2022, which may be called at any time during prescribed time periods. The credit exposure is generally limited to 
the carrying amount of investments made and unfunded capital commitments.

The  following  table  presents  a  roll  forward  of  the  balance  sheet  amounts  for  assets  measured  at  fair 

value on a recurring basis and classified as Level 3:

(dollars in millions)

Beginning balance

Issuances
Acquisitions(1)
Settlements(2)
Changes in fair value during the period recognized in 
earnings(3)
Ending balance

For the Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

Mortgage 
Servicing Rights

Other Derivative 
Contracts

Mortgage 
Servicing Rights

Other Derivative 
Contracts

$1,530 

127 

— 

(166)   

61 

$1,552 

$1 

64 

— 

(24)   

(34)   

$7 

$1,029 

279 

16 

(137)   

343 

$1,530 

$38 

93 

— 

154 

(284) 

$1 

(1) Represents MSRs acquired as part of the Investors acquisition.
(2) For MSRs, represents changes in value of the MSRs due to i) passage of time including the impact from both regularly scheduled loan principal payments and 

partial paydowns, and ii) loans that paid off during the period. For other derivative contracts, represents the closeout of interest rate lock commitments. 

(3) Represents changes in value primarily driven by market conditions. These changes are recorded in mortgage banking fees in the Consolidated Statements of 

Operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 140

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents quantitative information about the Company’s Level 3 assets, including the 
range  and  weighted-average  of  the  significant  unobservable  inputs  used  to  fair  value  these  assets,  as  well  as 
valuation techniques used.

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted Average)

Range (Weighted Average)

As of December 31, 2023

As of December 31, 2022

Mortgage servicing rights Discounted Cash Flow

Other derivative 
contracts

Internal Model

Constant prepayment rate 6.70-14.55% CPR (7.23% CPR)

6.19-17.80% CPR (6.80% CPR)

Option adjusted spread

398-1,058 bps (630 bps)

398-1,058 bps (629 bps)

Pull through rate

24.90-99.70% (80.34%)

28.62-99.90% (83.71%)

MSR value

(8.90)-141.24 bps (88.04 bps)

(1.60)-144.84 bps (95.80 bps)

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is also used on a nonrecurring basis to evaluate certain assets for impairment or for disclosure 
purposes.  The  following  valuation  techniques  are  utilized  to  measure  significant  assets  for  which  the  Company 
utilizes fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

Collateral-Dependent Loans

The carrying amount of collateral-dependent loans is compared to the appraised value of the collateral 
less costs to dispose and is classified as Level 2. Any excess of the carrying amount over the appraised value is 
charged to the ALLL.

The following table presents losses on assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and recorded 

in earnings:

(dollars in millions)

Collateral-dependent loans 

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

($138)   

($4)   

($27) 

The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

(dollars in millions)

Collateral-dependent loans 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Total

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

Total

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

$789   

$—   

$789   

$— 

$582   

$—   

$582   

$— 

The following tables present the estimated fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value 
in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The carrying amounts are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets 
under the indicated captions:

(dollars in millions)

Financial assets:

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

December 31, 2023

Debt securities held to maturity

$9,184   

$8,350 

Other loans held for sale
Net loans and leases(1)
Other assets

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

103   

103 

  143,861   

140,504 

869   

869 

  177,342   

177,096 

Short-term borrowed funds

505   

505 

Long-term borrowed funds

13,467   

13,012 

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$— 

$8,696   

$7,887 

—   

789   

851   

$488   

103   

$463 

103 

— 

789 

  143,072   

139,715 

851 

18   

18 

  177,342   

177,096 

505   

505 

13,467   

13,012 

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

— 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 141

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions)

Financial assets:

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

Carrying 
Value

Estimated 
Fair Value

December 31, 2022

Debt securities held to maturity

$9,834   

$9,042 

Other loans held for sale
Net loans and leases(1)
Other assets

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

208   

208 

  154,679   

151,601 

1,058   

1,058 

  180,724   

180,566 

Short-term borrowed funds

3   

3 

Long-term borrowed funds

15,887   

15,469 

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$— 

$9,253   

$8,506 

—   

582   

$581   

208   

$536 

208 

— 

582 

  154,097   

151,019 

1,038   

1,038 

20   

20 

  180,724   

180,566 

3   

3 

15,887   

15,469 

—   

—   

—   

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1)  During  2023,  the  Company  revised  its  presentation  of  the  loans  and  leases  portfolio  from  a  gross  to  net  basis  to  better  align  with  its  presentation  on  the 

Consolidated Balance Sheets. The prior period presentation was revised to conform to the new presentation.

NOTE 21 - NONINTEREST INCOME

Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Revenue from contracts with customers is recognized based on the amount of consideration expected to 
be received upon the transfer of control of a good or service. The timing of recognition is dependent on whether 
a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control of the product or service to a customer over time or 
at  a  point  in  time.  Judgments  made  include  the  timing  of  when  performance  obligations  are  satisfied  and 
determination of the transaction price. 

The following tables present the components of revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by 

revenue stream and business operating segment:

(dollars in millions)

Service charges and fees

Card fees

Capital markets fees

Trust and investment services fees

Other banking fees

Total revenue from contracts with customers
Total revenue from other sources(1)
Total noninterest income

(dollars in millions)

Service charges and fees

Card fees

Capital markets fees

Trust and investment services fees

Other banking fees

Total revenue from contracts with customers
Total revenue from other sources(1)
Total noninterest income

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$277   

244   

—   

259   

3   

$783   

284   

$1,067   

$131   

47   

293   

—   

11   

$482   

302   

$784   

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$—   

—   

$—   

$1   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$1   

131   

$409 

291 

293 

259 

14 

$1,266 

717 

$132   

$1,983 

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$291   

228   

—   

249   

1   

$769   

294   

$1,063   

$124   

43   

341   

1   

17   

$526   

319   

$845   

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$—   

—   

$—   

$3   

—   

—   

—   

1   

$4   

97   

$418 

271 

341 

250 

19 

$1,299 

710 

$101   

$2,009 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 142

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(dollars in millions)

Service charges and fees

Card fees

Capital markets fees

Trust and investment services fees

Other banking fees

Total revenue from contracts with customers
Total revenue from other sources(1)
Total noninterest income

Year Ended December 31, 2021

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$302   

216   

—   

239   

—   

$757   

466   

$1,223   

$105   

32   

419   

—   

12   

$568   

241   

$809   

$—   

—   

—   

—   

—   

$—   

—   

$—   

$—   

$407 

—   

—   

—   

—   

$—   

103   

248 

419 

239 

12 

$1,325 

810 

$103   

$2,135 

(1) Includes bank-owned life insurance income of $93 million, $88 million and $67 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Citizens  does  not  have  any  material  contract  assets,  liabilities,  or  other  receivables  recorded  on  its 
Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  related  to  revenues  from  contracts  with  customers  as  of  December  31,  2023. 
Citizens  has  elected  to  exclude  disclosure  of  unsatisfied  performance  obligations  for  contracts  with  an  original 
expected length of one year or less and contracts for which the Company recognized revenue at the amount to 
which the Company has the right to invoice for services performed. 

A description of the above components of revenue from contracts with customers is presented below:

Service Charges and Fees

Service  charges  and  fees  include  fees  earned  from  deposit  products  in  lieu  of  compensating  balances, 
service  charges  for  deposit  transactions  performed  by  customers,  and  fees  earned  for  cash  management 
activities.  Service  charges  on  deposit  products  are  recognized  over  the  period  in  which  the  related  service  is 
provided and at a point in time upon completion of the requested service transaction. Fees on cash management 
products and servicing fees on loans sold without recognition of a servicing right are recognized over time as the 
services are provided. 

Card Fees

Card  fees  include  interchange  income  from  credit  and  debit  card  transactions  and  are  recognized  upon 
settlement by the association network. Interchange rates are generally set by the association network based on 
purchase volume and other factors. Other card-related fees are recognized upon completion of the transaction. 
Costs  related  to  card  reward  programs  are  recognized  in  current  earnings  as  the  rewards  are  earned  by  the 
customer and are presented as a reduction to card fees in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Capital Markets Fees

Capital  markets  fees  include  fees  received  from  leading  or  participating  in  loan  syndications,  bond  and 
equity  underwriting  services,  and  advisory  fees.  Loan  syndication  and  underwriting  fees  are  recognized  as 
revenue when the Company has rendered all services to, and is entitled to collect the fee from, the borrower or 
the  issuer,  and  there  are  no  significant  contingencies  associated  with  the  fee.  Underwriting  expenses  passed 
through from the lead underwriter are recognized within other operating expense in the Consolidated Statements 
of Operations. Advisory fees for mergers and acquisitions are recognized over time, while valuation services and 
fairness opinions are recognized upon completion of the advisory service.

Trust and Investment Services Fees

Trust  and  investment  services  fees  include  fees  from  investment  management  and  brokerage  services. 
Fees from investment management services are based on asset market values and are recognized over the period 
in  which  the  related  service  is  provided.  Brokerage  services  include  custody  fees,  commission  income,  trailing 
commissions  and  other  investment  services.  Custody  fees  are  recognized  on  a  monthly  basis  and  commission 
income  is  recognized  on  trade  date.  Trailing  commissions,  such  as  12b-1  fees,  insurance  renewal  income,  and 
income based on asset or investment levels in future periods are recognized when the asset balance is known, or 
the renewal occurs and the income is no longer constrained. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021,  the  Company  recognized  trailing  commissions  of  $15  million,  $15  million  and  $16  million,  respectively, 
related  to  ongoing  commissions  from  previous  investment  sales.  Fees  from  other  investment  services  are 
recognized upon completion of the service.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 143

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Banking Fees

Other banking fees include fees for various banking transactions such as letter of credit fees, foreign wire 
transfers and other services. These fees are recognized in a manner that reflects the timing of when transactions 
occur and as services are provided.

Revenue from Other Sources

Letter of Credit and Loan Fees

Letter of credit and loan fees primarily include fees received from letter of credit agreements as well as 
loan fees received from lending activities that cannot be deferred. These fees are recognized upon execution of 
the contract.

Foreign Exchange and Derivative Products

Foreign  exchange  and  derivative  products  primarily  include  fees  received  from  foreign  exchange  and 
interest rate derivative contracts executed with customers to meet their hedging and financing needs. These fees 
are generally recognized upon execution of the contracts. Foreign exchange and derivative products also include 
mark-to-market gains and losses recognized on these customer contracts and offsetting derivative contracts that 
are executed with external counterparties to hedge the foreign exchange and interest rate risk associated with 
the customer contracts. 

Mortgage Banking Fees

Mortgage banking fees primarily include gains, or losses, on the sale of residential mortgages originated 
with  the  intent  to  sell  and  servicing  fees  on  mortgages  serviced  by  the  Company.  Mortgage  banking  fees  also 
include valuation adjustments for mortgage LHFS that are measured at the lower of cost or fair value, as well as 
mortgage  loans  originated  with  the  intent  to  sell  that  are  measured  at  fair  value  under  the  fair  value  option. 
Changes in the value of MSRs are reported in mortgage fees and related income. For a further discussion of MSRs, 
see Note 8.

Other Income

Bank-owned  life  insurance  is  stated  at  its  cash  surrender  value.  Citizens  is  the  beneficiary  of  life 
insurance policies on current and former officers of the Company. Net changes in the carrying amount of the cash 
surrender value are an adjustment of premiums paid in determining the expense or income recognized under the 
life insurance policy for the period.

NOTE 22 - OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE 

The following table presents the details of other operating expense:

(dollars in millions)

Marketing

Deposit insurance

Other

Other operating expense

NOTE 23 - INCOME TAXES 

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$187 

390 

396 

$973 

$166 

96 

323 

$585 

$111 

66 

234 

$411 

Income  taxes  are  accounted  for  under  the  asset  and  liability  method,  resulting  in  two  components  of 
income  tax  expense:  current  and  deferred.  Current  income  tax  expense  approximates  taxes  to  be  paid  or 
refunded  for  the  current  period  while  deferred  income  tax  expense  results  from  changes  in  gross  deferred  tax 
assets  and  liabilities  between  periods.  Gross  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  represent  changes  in  taxes 
expected to be paid in the future due to the reversal of temporary differences between the financial statement 
carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.

Citizens assesses the probability that positions taken, or expected to be taken, in its income tax returns 
will  be  sustained  by  taxing  authorities.  A  “more  likely  than  not”  (i.e.,  more  than  50  percent)  recognition 
threshold must be met before a tax benefit can be recognized. Tax positions that are more likely than not to be 
sustained are reflected in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 144

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents total income tax expense: 

(dollars in millions)

Income tax expense

Tax effect of changes in OCI

Total comprehensive income tax expense (benefit)

The following table presents the components of income tax expense: 

(dollars in millions)

Year Ended December 31, 2023

U.S. federal

State and local

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2022

U.S. federal

State and local

Total

Year Ended December 31, 2021

U.S. federal

State and local

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$422 

$582 

$658 

289 

  (1,319)   

(199) 

$711 

($737)   

$459 

Current Deferred

Total

$497   

($135)   

$362 

167   

(107)   

60 

$664   

($242)   

$422 

$355   

$88   

$443 

170   

(31)   

139 

$525   

$57   

$582 

$871   

($345)   

$526 

216   

(84)   

132 

  $1,087   

($429)   

$658 

The  following  table  presents  a  reconciliation  between  the  U.S.  federal  income  tax  rate  and  the 

Company’s effective income tax rate:

(dollars in millions)

Amount

 Rate

Amount

 Rate

Amount

 Rate

U.S. federal income tax expense and tax rate

$426 

 21.0 %  

$558 

 21.0 %  

$625 

 21.0 %

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

Increase (decrease) resulting from:

State and local income taxes (net of federal 
benefit)

Bank-owned life insurance

Tax-exempt interest

Tax advantaged investments (including related 
credits)

Other tax credits

Adjustments for uncertain tax positions

Non-deductible FDIC insurance premiums

Legacy tax matters

Other

58 

(20) 

(12) 

(77) 

(3) 

5 

35 

— 

10 

 2.9 

 (1.0) 

 (0.6) 

 (3.8) 

 (0.1) 

 0.2 

 1.7 

 — 

 0.5 

133 

(19) 

(8) 

(102) 

(9) 

1 

20 

3 

5 

 5.0 

 (0.7) 

 (0.3) 

 (3.8) 

 (0.3) 

 — 

 0.7 

 0.1 

 0.2 

126 

(14) 

(7) 

(95) 

(7) 

3 

14 

— 

13 

 4.2 

 (0.5) 

 (0.2) 

 (3.2) 

 (0.2) 

 0.1 

 0.5 

 — 

 0.4 

Total income tax expense and effective tax rate

$422 

 20.8 %  

$582 

 21.9 %  

$658 

 22.1 %

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 145

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  presents  the  significant  components  of  the  Company’s  deferred  tax  assets  and 

liabilities: 

(dollars in millions)

Deferred tax assets:

Other comprehensive income 

Allowance for credit losses

Federal and state net operating and capital loss carryforwards

Accrued expenses

Investment and other tax credit carryforwards

Other

Total deferred tax assets

Valuation allowance

Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance

Deferred tax liabilities:

Leasing transactions

Amortization of intangibles

Depreciation

Pension and other employee compensation plans

     Partnerships

Deferred Income

MSRs

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax asset (liability)

December 31,

2023

2022

$1,291 

$1,546 

555 

79 

1,152 

130 

9 

511 

77 

863 

131 

19 

3,216 

3,147 

(137)   

(133) 

3,079 

3,014 

297 

421 

532 

130 

12 

3 

252 

287 

413 

470 

128 

87 

12 

203 

1,647 

$1,432 

1,600 

$1,414 

Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  for  net  operating  loss  carryforwards,  capital  loss  carryforwards  and 
tax credit carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded, as necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the 
amount that management concludes is more likely than not to be realized.

At December 31, 2023, the Company had federal and state tax net operating loss carryforwards of $651 
million and capital loss carryforwards of $152 million. The majority of the federal and state tax net operating loss 
carryforwards, if not utilized, will expire in varying amounts through 2042, while the capital loss and tax credit 
carryforwards expire in varying amounts through 2027 and 2030, respectively. Limitations on the ability to realize 
these  carryforwards  are  reflected  in  the  associated  valuation  allowance.  At  December  31,  2023,  the  Company 
had  a  valuation  allowance  of  $137  million  against  various  deferred  tax  assets  related  to  federal  and  state  net 
operating losses, capital losses and state tax credits, as the Company’s current assessment is that it is more likely 
than not that a portion of the deferred tax assets related to these items will not be realized.

Effective with the fiscal year ended September 30, 1997, the reserve method for bad debts was no longer 
permitted for tax purposes. The repeal of the reserve method required the recapture of the reserve balance in 
excess  of  certain  base  year  reserve  amounts  attributable  to  years  ended  prior  to  1988.  At  December  31,  2023, 
the  Company’s  base  year  loan  loss  reserves  attributable  to  years  ended  prior  to  1988,  for  which  no  deferred 
income  taxes  have  been  provided,  was  $557  million.  This  base  year  reserve  may  become  taxable  if  certain 
distributions are made with respect to the stock of the Company or if CBNA ceases to qualify as a bank for tax 
purposes. No actions are planned that would cause any portion of this reserve to become taxable. 

The  Company  files  income  tax  returns  in  the  U.S.  federal  jurisdiction  and  in  various  state  and  local 
jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state and local income tax 
examinations by major tax authorities for years before 2016. 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 146

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  presents  a  reconciliation  of  the  beginning  and  ending  amount  of  unrecognized  tax 

benefits: 

(dollars in millions)

Balance at the beginning of the year

Gross increase for tax positions related to current year

Gross increase for tax positions related to prior years

Decrease for tax positions as a result of the lapse of the statutes of limitations 

Decrease for tax positions related to settlements with taxing authorities

Balance at end of year

December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$6 

1 

1 

— 

$7 

— 

— 

— 

(1)   

(1)   

$7 

$6 

$4 

1 

3 

(1) 

— 

$7 

Tax  positions  are  measured  as  the  largest  amount  of  tax  benefit  that  has  a  greater  than  50  percent 
likelihood  of  being  realized  upon  settlement  with  a  taxing  authority.  The  difference  between  the  benefit 
recognized  and  the  tax  benefit  claimed  on  a  tax  return  is  referred  to  as  an  unrecognized  tax  benefit.  Any 
adjustment  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  is  recorded  in  income  tax  expense  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations. The Company does not expect the balance of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly change in the 
next twelve months.

Interest  and  penalties  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  are  reported  in  income  tax  expense  in  the 
Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s liability for accrued interest related to unrecognized tax 
benefits  was  $4  million  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  immaterial  as  of  December  31,  2022.  In  addition,  the 
income  tax  expense  recognized  for  interest  related  to  unrecognized  tax  benefits  was  $3  million  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2023 and immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. No amounts were 
accrued  for  penalties  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  and  no  penalties  were  recognized  in  income  tax 
expense during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.

NOTE 24 - EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average 
number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  each  period.  Net  income  available  to  common  stockholders 
represents net income less preferred stock dividends. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available 
to  common  stockholders  by  the  weighted-average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  during  each  period, 
inclusive of potential dilutive shares such as share-based payment awards and warrants using the treasury stock 
method.

(dollars in millions, except per share data)

Numerator (basic and diluted):

Net income

Less: Preferred stock dividends

Net income available to common stockholders

Denominator:

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$1,608 

117 

$1,491 

$2,073 

113 

$1,960 

$2,319 

113 

$2,206 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic

  475,089,384 

  475,959,815 

  425,669,451 

Dilutive common shares: share-based awards

1,603,764 

1,843,327 

1,766,367 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - diluted

  476,693,148 

  477,803,142 

  427,435,818 

Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted(1)

$3.14 

3.13 

$4.12 

4.10 

$5.18 

5.16 

(1) Potential dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of diluted EPS in the periods where the effect would be antidilutive. Excluded from the 
computation of diluted EPS were weighted-average antidilutive shares totaling 2,210,857, 949,606 and 2,929 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 147

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 25 - REGULATORY MATTERS 

As  a  BHC  and  FHC,  the  Company  is  subject  to  regulation  and  supervision  by  the  FRB.  Our  banking 

subsidiary, CBNA, is a national banking association primarily regulated by the OCC.

Under  the  current  U.S.  Basel  III  capital  framework,  the  Company  and  CBNA  must  meet  the  following 
specific minimum requirements: CET1 capital ratio of 4.5%, tier 1 capital ratio of 6.0%, total capital ratio of 8.0% 
and tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. As a BHC, the Company’s SCB of 4.0% is imposed on top of the three minimum 
risk-based  capital  ratios  listed  above  and  a  CCB  of  2.5%  is  imposed  on  top  of  the  three  minimum  risk-based 
capital  ratios  listed  above  for  CBNA.  The  Company’s  SCB  will  be  re-calibrated  with  each  biennial  supervisory 
stress  test  and  updated  annually  to  reflect  the  Company’s  planned  common  stock  dividends.  In  addition,  the 
Company  must  not  be  subject  to  a  written  agreement,  order  or  capital  directive  with  any  of  its  regulators. 
Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in the initiation of certain actions that, if undertaken, 
could have a material effect on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table presents the regulatory capital ratios for the Company and CBNA under the U.S. Basel 
III Standardized rules. The Company and CBNA have both declared as an “AOCI opt-out” institution, which means 
they  are  not  required  to  recognize  the  AOCI  impact  of  net  unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  debt  securities  and 
accumulated  net  gains  and  losses  on  cash  flow  hedges  and  certain  defined  benefit  pension  plan  assets  in 
regulatory capital. In addition, both entities elected to delay the estimated impact of CECL on regulatory capital 
for a two-year period ending December 31, 2021, followed by a three-year transition period ending December 31, 
2024, to phase-in the aggregate amount of the capital benefit provided during the initial two-year delay.

(dollars in millions)

As of December 31, 2023

CET1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Total capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 leverage

CFG

CBNA

As of December 31, 2022

CET1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 capital

CFG

CBNA

Total capital

CFG

CBNA

Tier 1 leverage

CFG

CBNA

Actual

Required Minimum 
Capital

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio(1)

$18,358 

19,411 

 10.6 %  

$14,671 

 11.3 

12,047 

 8.5 %

 7.0 

20,372 

19,411 

23,608 

22,453 

20,372 

19,411 

 11.8 

 11.3 

 13.7 

 13.0 

 9.3 

 8.9 

17,260 

14,628 

20,712 

18,070 

8,784 

8,759 

 10.0 

 8.5 

 12.0 

 10.5 

 4.0 

 4.0 

$18,574 

20,669 

 10.0 %  

$14,633 

 11.2 

12,935 

 7.9 %

 7.0 

20,588 

20,669 

23,755 

23,534 

20,588 

20,669 

 11.1 

 11.2 

 12.8 

 12.7 

 9.3 

 9.4 

17,411 

15,706 

21,116 

19,402 

8,831 

8,807 

 9.4 

 8.5 

 11.4 

 10.5 

 4.0 

 4.0 

(1) Represents minimum requirement under the current capital framework plus the SCB of 4.0% and CCB of 2.5% for CFG and CBNA, respectively. The SCB and CCB 

are not applicable to the Tier 1 leverage ratio.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 148

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company’s  capital  distributions  are  subject  to  the  oversight  of  the  FRB.  Under  the  FRB’s  SCB 
framework,  failure  to  maintain  risk-based  capital  ratios  above  the  respective  minimum  requirements  including 
the  SCB  would  result  in  graduated  restrictions  on  the  Company’s  ability  to  make  certain  discretionary  bonus 
payments  and  capital  distributions,  including  common  stock  dividends  and  share  repurchases.  The  timing  and 
amount  of  future  dividends  and  share  repurchases  will  depend  on  various  factors,  including  the  Company’s 
capital position, financial performance, capital impacts of strategic initiatives, market conditions, and regulatory 
considerations. All future capital distributions are subject to consideration and approval by the Board of Directors 
prior  to  execution.  See  Note  17  for  more  information  regarding  the  Company’s  common  stock  repurchases  and 
dividends.

  Dividends  payable  by  CBNA,  as  a  national  bank  subsidiary,  are  limited  to  the  lesser  of  the  amount 
calculated  under  a  “recent  earnings”  test  and  an  “undivided  profits”  test.  Under  the  recent  earnings  test,  a 
dividend  may  not  be  paid  if  the  total  of  all  dividends  declared  during  any  calendar  year  exceeds  the  sum  of 
current  year  net  income  and  retained  net  income  of  the  two  preceding  years,  less  any  required  transfers  to 
surplus, unless the national bank obtains the approval of the OCC. Under the undivided profits test, a dividend 
may  not  be  paid  in  excess  of  the  entity’s  “undivided  profits”  (generally  accumulated  net  profits  that  have  not 
been  paid  out  as  dividends  or  transferred  to  surplus).  Federal  banking  regulatory  agencies  have  issued  policy 
statements  that  provide  that  FDIC-insured  depository  institutions  and  their  holding  companies  should  generally 
pay dividends only out of current operating earnings.

NOTE 26 - BUSINESS OPERATING SEGMENTS 

Citizens  is  managed  by  its  Chief  Executive  Officer  on  a  segment  basis.  The  Company’s  three  business 
operating segments are Consumer Banking, Commercial Banking, and Non-Core. The business operating segments 
are  determined  based  on  the  products  and  services  provided,  or  the  type  of  customer  served.  Each  business 
operating  segment  has  a  segment  head  who  reports  directly  to  the  Chief  Executive  Officer,  who  has  final 
authority  over  resource  allocation  decisions  and  performance  assessment.  The  business  operating  segments 
reflect this management structure and the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by the 
Chief Executive Officer.

Developing and applying methodologies used to allocate items among the business operating segments is 
a  dynamic  process.  Accordingly,  financial  results  may  be  revised  periodically  as  management  systems  are 
enhanced,  methods  of  evaluating  performance  or  product  lines  are  updated,  or  our  organizational  structure 
changes.

See Note 1 for a description of segment changes made during 2023.

Reportable Segments

Segment  results  are  determined  based  upon  the  Company’s  organizational  and  management  structure, 
with balance sheet and statement of operations items assigned to each of the business segments. The results are 
not  necessarily  comparable  with  similar  information  reported  by  other  financial  institutions.  A  description  of 
each reportable business operating segment is presented below:

Consumer Banking

The Consumer Banking segment serves consumer customers and small businesses with annual revenues of 
up  to  $25  million.  It  offers  traditional  banking  products  and  services  including  deposits,  mortgage  and  home 
equity  lending,  credit  cards,  business  loans,  education  loans,  point-of-sale  finance  loans,  and  wealth 
management  and  investment  services.  Citizens  Private  Bank,  launched  during  2023,  integrates  wealth 
management and banking services to serve high net-worth individuals and families, as well as businesses.

The  segment’s  distribution  channels  include  a  branch  network,  ATMs  and  a  workforce  of  experienced 
specialists covering lending, savings and investment needs as well as a broad range of small business products and 
services.  The  Company’s  Consumer  Banking  value  proposition  is  based  on  providing  simple,  easy  to  understand 
product offerings and a convenient banking experience with a more personalized approach.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 149

Commercial Banking

The  Commercial  Banking  segment  primarily  serves  companies  and  institutions  with  annual  revenues  of 
$25 million to more than $3.0 billion and strives to be a trusted advisor to its clients and preferred provider for 
their banking needs. A broad complement of financial products and solutions are offered, including lending and 
leasing,  deposit  and  treasury  management  services,  foreign  exchange,  interest  rate  and  commodity  risk 
management  solutions,  as  well  as  syndicated  loans,  corporate  finance,  mergers  and  acquisitions,  and  debt  and 
equity capital markets capabilities.

The segment focuses on middle-market companies, large corporations and institutions and has dedicated 
teams  with  industry  and  product  expertise  in  Aerospace,  Defense  and  Government  Services,  Communications, 
Transportation  and  Logistics,  Food  and  Restaurants,  Human  Capital  Management,  and  Gaming.  While  the 
segment’s  business  development  efforts  are  predominantly  focused  in  the  Company’s  footprint,  some  of  its 
specialized  industry  businesses  also  operate  on  a  national  basis.  A  key  component  of  Commercial  Banking’s 
growth  strategy  is  to  present  clients  with  ideas  that  help  their  businesses  thrive  and,  in  doing  so,  expand  the 
breadth and depth of our banking relationship with them.

Non-Core

The  Non-Core  segment  includes  the  Company’s  indirect  auto  and  certain  purchased  consumer  loan 
portfolios  that  were  transferred  from  the  Consumer  Banking  segment  into  this  newly  created  segment  during 
2023.  This  new  segment  reflects  the  manner  in  which  management  is  currently  assessing  performance  and 
allocating  resources  and  aligns  with  the  Company’s  recently  announced  balance  sheet  optimization  strategy  to 
discontinue the origination of certain non-strategic lending portfolios.

Non-segment Operations

Other

Non-segment operations are classified as Other and include assets, liabilities, capital, revenues, provision 
(benefit) for credit losses, expenses and income tax expense not attributed to the Company’s Consumer Banking, 
Commercial Banking, or Non-Core segments as well as treasury and community development. 

Management  accounting  practices  utilized  by  the  Company  to  measure  the  performance  and  produce  the 
results of its segments include the following:

Funds Transfer Pricing

The  Company’s  FTP,  a  component  of  net  interest  income,  ensures  consistent  business  segment  pricing 
behavior  by  removing  interest  rate  risk  from  business  performance.  This  risk  is  centrally  managed  within  the 
Treasury  function  and  reported  in  Other  non-segment  operations.  Business  operating  segments  are  provided  an 
interest credit for  funding  it generates and an interest charge for assets it holds. The sum of interest income/
expense and FTP charges/credits for each business operating segment is its designated net interest income. The 
offset to FTP charges and credits is recorded in Other non-segment operations.

The Company employs a matched maturity FTP methodology for the Consumer Banking and Commercial 
Banking business operating segments with rates based on a product’s repricing frequency and interest sensitivity, 
as  well  as  other  factors.  The  FTP  charge  for  the  Non-Core  business  operating  segment  is  based  on  an  implied 
reference  pool  of  high-cost  funding  sources.  This  method  applies  a  waterfall  marginal  funding  approach 
referencing  the  Company’s  secured  borrowings  collateralized  by  auto  loans,  FHLB  advances,  and  various  other 
higher-cost deposit sources required to fully debt-fund the assets. 

Provision for credit losses

The  provision  for  credit  losses  for  each  business  operating  segment  is  based  on  actual  net  charge-offs 
recognized  by  the  business  operating  segment.  The  difference  between  the  consolidated  provision  for  credit 
losses and total net charge-offs for all business operating segments is reflected in Other non-segment operations.

Income taxes

Income  taxes  are  assessed  to  each  business  operating  segment  at  a  standard  tax  rate  with  the  residual 

tax expense or benefit to arrive at the consolidated effective tax rate included in Other non-segment operations.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 150

Expenses

Noninterest expenses incurred by centrally-managed operations or business lines that directly support the 
operations of another business line are charged to the applicable business line based on its utilization of those 
services.

Goodwill

Goodwill is allocated to the Consumer Banking and Commercial Banking business operating segments for 

impairment testing purposes.

Substantially  all  revenues  generated  and  long-lived  assets  held  by  the  Company’s  business  operating 
segments  are  derived  from  customers  that  reside  in  the  United  States.  No  business  operating  segment  earns 
revenue from a single external customer that represents ten percent or more of the Company’s total revenues. 

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income

Noninterest income

Total revenue 

Noninterest expense

Profit (loss) before provision (benefit) for credit losses

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Total average assets 

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income

Noninterest income

Total revenue 

Noninterest expense

Profit (loss) before provision (benefit) for credit losses

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Total average assets 

(dollars in millions)

Net interest income 

Noninterest income

Total revenue 

Noninterest expense

Profit (loss) before provision (benefit) for credit losses

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Total average assets 

Year Ended December 31, 2023

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$4,187 

$2,292 

($129)   

($109)   

$6,241 

1,067 

5,254 

3,542 

1,712 

280 

1,432 

373 

784 

3,076 

1,295 

1,781 

250 

1,531 

378 

— 

(129)   

123 

(252)   

78 

(330)   

(86)   

132 

23 

547 

(524)   

79 

(603)   

(243)   

1,983 

8,224 

5,507 

2,717 

687 

2,030 

422 

$1,059 

$72,693 

$1,153 

$76,028 

($244)   

($360)   

$1,608 

$13,745 

$59,755 

$222,221 

Year Ended December 31, 2022

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$3,649 

$2,103 

$378 

($118)   

$6,012 

1,063 

4,712 

3,255 

1,457 

174 

1,283 

328 

$955 

$68,027 

845 

2,948 

1,223 

1,725 

46 

1,679 

375 

— 

378 

136 

242 

52 

190 

48 

101 

(17)   

278 

(295)   

202 

(497)   

(169)   

2,009 

8,021 

4,892 

3,129 

474 

2,655 

582 

$1,304 

$74,919 

$142 

($328)   

$2,073 

$18,121 

$53,994 

$215,061 

Year Ended December 31, 2021

Consumer 
Banking

Commercial 
Banking

Non-Core

Other

Consolidated

$2,943 

$1,706 

$594 

($731)   

$4,512 

1,223 

4,166 

2,857 

1,309 

162 

1,147 

292 

$855 

$57,916 

809 

2,515 

973 

1,542 

156 

1,386 

300 

$1,086 

$57,617 

— 

594 

130 

464 

23 

441 

112 

$329 

103 

(628)   

121 

(749)   

(752)   

3 

(46)   

$49 

2,135 

6,647 

4,081 

2,566 

(411) 

2,977 

658 

$2,319 

$17,592 

$51,981 

$185,106 

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 151

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTE 27 - PARENT COMPANY FINANCIALS 

Condensed Balance Sheets

 (dollars in millions)

ASSETS:

  Cash and due from banks

  Loans and advances to:

Bank subsidiary

Nonbank subsidiaries

  Investments in subsidiaries:

Bank subsidiary

Nonbank subsidiaries

  Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES:

  Long-term borrowed funds

  Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Total stockholders’ equity

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Condensed Statements of Operations 

 (dollars in millions)

OPERATING INCOME:

Income from bank subsidiaries, excluding equity in undistributed income:

       Dividends

       Interest

       Management and service fees

Income from nonbank subsidiaries, excluding equity in undistributed income:

       Dividends

       Interest

  All other operating income

  Total operating income

OPERATING EXPENSE:

  Salaries and employee benefits

  Interest expense

  All other expenses

  Total operating expense

Income (loss) before taxes and undistributed income

  Income tax expense (benefit)

Income before undistributed income of subsidiaries 

Equity in undistributed income (losses) of subsidiaries:

  Bank

  Nonbank

Net income
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes(1)
Total comprehensive income (loss)

(1) See Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for comprehensive income (loss) detail.

December 31, 
2023

December 31, 
2022

$2,864 

$1,821 

1,152 

154 

1,153 

135 

23,289 

23,674 

291 

194 

302 

182 

$27,944 

$27,267 

$3,344 

258 

3,602 

24,342 

$3,336 

241 

3,577 

23,690 

$27,944 

$27,267 

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$2,875 

$450 

$1,120 

43 

69 

— 

8 

1 

39 

69 

43 

3 

1 

35 

64 

57 

2 

1 

2,996 

605 

1,279 

39 

129 

31 

199 

2,797 

43 

125 

28 

196 

409 

36 

119 

28 

183 

1,096 

(13)   

(13)   

(16) 

2,810 

422 

1,112 

(1,163)   

1,724 

1,188 

(39)   

(73)   

19 

$1,608 

$2,073 

$2,319 

802 

(3,895)   

(605) 

$2,410 

($1,822)   

$1,714 

In  accordance  with  federal  and  state  banking  regulations,  dividends  paid  by  CBNA  to  the  Company  are 
subject  to  certain  limitations.  See  Note  25  for  more  information.  Also,  see  Note  17  for  more  information 
regarding the Company’s common and preferred stock dividends.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 152

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Condensed Cash Flow Statements

 (dollars in millions)

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net change in cash due to operating activities:

Deferred income tax expense (benefit)

Equity in undistributed (income) losses of subsidiaries

Other, net

Net increase (decrease) in other liabilities

Net (increase) decrease in other assets

Net change due to operating activities

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Investments in and advances to subsidiaries

Repayment of investments in and advances to subsidiaries

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

Other investing, net

Net change due to investing activities

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Proceeds from issuance of long-term borrowed funds

Repayments of long-term borrowed funds

Treasury stock purchased

Net proceeds from issuance of preferred stock

Redemption of preferred stock

Dividends paid to common stockholders

Dividends paid to preferred stockholders

Other financing, net

Net change due to financing activities

Net change in cash and due from banks

Cash and due from banks at beginning of year

Cash and due from banks at end of year

Year Ended December 31,

2023

2022

2021

$1,608 

$2,073 

$2,319 

(4)   

(11)   

— 

1,202 

(1,651)   

(1,207) 

96 

(17)   

17 

2,902 

92 

(7)   

(44)   

67 

34 

12 

452 

1,225 

(76)   

(156)   

30 

— 

— 

(46)   

— 

— 

(906)   

— 

— 

(808)   

(120)   

21 

121 

(23)   

(1)   

(59)   

414 

(182)   

(153)   

— 

— 

(779)   

(113)   

(25)   

(196) 

125 

(165) 

(1) 

(237) 

— 

(350) 

(295) 

296 

(250) 

(670) 

(113) 

(20) 

(1,813)   

(838)   

(1,402) 

1,043 

1,821 

$2,864 

(445)   

(414) 

2,266 

$1,821 

2,680 

$2,266 

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information 
required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, 
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. The design of any 
disclosure  controls  and  procedures  is  based  in  part  upon  certain  assumptions  about  the  likelihood  of  future 
events,  and  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  design  will  succeed  in  achieving  its  stated  goals  under  all 
potential future conditions. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide 
only  reasonable,  not  absolute,  assurance  of  achieving  the  desired  control  objectives.  In  accordance  with  Rule 
13a-15(b)  of  the  Exchange  Act,  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  an 
evaluation  was  carried  out  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  the  Company’s  management, 
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and 
procedures.  Based  on  that  evaluation,  the  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer 
concluded  that  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  of  the  end  of  the  period  covered  by  this 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  were  effective  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  information  required  to  be 
disclosed  by  the  Company  in  reports  that  it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed, 
summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  SEC  rules  and  forms  and  is  accumulated  and 
communicated to the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, 
as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
There  were  no  changes  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  identified  in  management's 
evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Annual 
Report  on  Form  10-K  that  materially  affected,  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the  Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting. 

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, the Report of the Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm on the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Report of the Independent 
Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting are included in Item 8.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

PART III

In Part III of this Report we refer to relevant sections of our 2024 Proxy Statement for the 2024 annual 
meeting of shareholders, which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days of the close 
of our 2023 fiscal year. Portions of our 2024 Proxy Statement, including the sections we refer to in this Report, 
are incorporated by reference into this Report.

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information  required  by  this  item  is  presented  under  the  captions  “Corporate  Governance  Matters”  — 
“Director Nominees” and “Board Structure and Oversight Responsibilities” — “Corporate Governance Guidelines”, 
“Committees  of  the  Board”,  “Code  of  Business  Conduct  and  Ethics”  and  “Other  Items”  -  “Delinquent  Section 
16(a) Reporting” of our 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated by reference into this item.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information required by this item is presented under the captions “Executive Compensation Matters” — 
“Compensation  Discussion  and  Analysis,”  “Compensation  and  HR  Committee  Report”,  “Executive  Compensation 
Tables”,  “Termination  of  Employment  and  Change  of  Control”,  “Role  of  Risk  Management  in  Compensation”, 
“Dodd  Frank  Compensation  Disclosure”  —  “CEO  Pay  Ratio”  and  “Pay  Versus  Performance”,  and  “Corporate 
Governance Matters” - “Director Compensation” of our 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated by reference 
into this item.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 154

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND  RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The  information  required  by  this  item  regarding  security  ownership  of  certain  beneficial  owners  and 
management  is  presented  under  the  caption  “Other  Items”  -  “Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners 
and Management” in our 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated by reference into this item. 

Information  regarding  our  compensation  plans  under  which  CFG  equity  securities  are  authorized  for 
issuance  is  included  in  the  table  below.  Additional  information  regarding  these  plans  is  included  in  Note  18  in 
Item 8.

Equity Compensation Plan Information
At December 31, 2023 

Plan Category

Number of securities to 
be issued upon 
exercise of outstanding 
options, warrants and 
rights (#)(3)

Weighted-average 
exercise price of 
outstanding 
options, warrants 
and rights ($)(4)

Number of securities 
remaining available 
(excluding securities 
reflected in first 
column) (#)(5)

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

4,567,994   

—   

—   

—   

43,741,366 

— 

Total(1)(2)
(1)    Excludes  securities  subject  to  the  Investors  Bancorp,  Inc.  2006  Equity  Incentive  Plan  and  the  Investors  Bancorp,  Inc.  2015  Equity  Incentive  Plan  (“Investors 
Plans”).  Although  equity-based  awards  granted  under  the  Investors  Plans  were  converted  into  CFG  awards  and  assumed  in  connection  with  the  Investors 
acquisition  in  2022,  CFG  does  not  intend  to  grant  any  awards  under  the  Investors  Plans.  As  of December  31,  2023,  393,426  stock  options  with  a  weighted-
average exercise price of $38.35 and 18,509 restricted shares were outstanding under the Investors Plans.

4,567,994   

43,741,366 

—   

(2)  Excludes securities subject to the JMP Group LLC Amended and Restated Equity Incentive Plan (“JMP Plan”). Although equity-based awards granted under the 
JMP Plan were converted into CFG awards and assumed in connection with the JMP acquisition in 2021, CFG does not intend to grant any awards under the JMP 
Plan. As of December 31, 2023, 214,601 stock options with a weighted-average exercise price of $19.45 and 5,663 restricted stock units were outstanding under 
the JMP Plan.

(3)  Represents the number of shares of common stock associated with outstanding time-based and performance-based restricted stock units.
(4)  Other than the stock options assumed in connection with the JMP and Investors acquisitions, CFG had no outstanding stock options.
(5)  Represents  the  number  of  shares  remaining  available  for  future  issuance  under  the  Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan (39,532,535 
shares), the Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (2,991,009 shares), and the Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee 
Directors Compensation Plan (1,217,822 shares).

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information  required  by  this  item  is  set  forth  under  the  captions  “Corporate  Governance  Matters”  — 
“Board  Governance  and  Oversight”  —  “Director  Nominees”  -  “Director  Independence”  and  “Related  Person 
Transactions” of our 2024 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated by reference into this item.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information  required  by  this  item  is  presented  under  the  captions  “Audit  Matters”  —  “Pre-approval  of 
Independent  Auditor  Services”  and  “Independent  Registered  Public  Accounting  Firm  Fees”  of  our  2024  Proxy 
Statement, which is incorporated by reference into this item.

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements

PART IV

The following report of our independent registered public accounting firm and the consolidated financial 

statements of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. are included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K:

•
•
•
•

•

•
•

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on the Consolidated Financial Statements;
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022;
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021;
Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income  for  the  Years  Ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and 
2021;
Consolidated  Statements  of  Changes  in  Stockholders’  Equity  for  the  Years  Ended  December  31,  2023, 
2022 and 2021;
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021; and
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 155

 
 
 
(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

All  required  financial  statement  schedules  for  the  Registrant  are  included  in  the  audited  Consolidated 

Financial Statements or related footnotes in Item 8.

(a)(3) Exhibits

2.1      Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 28, 2021, by and between Citizens Financial Group, Inc. and 
Investors Bancorp, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Current Report on Form  8-
K, filed July 30, 2021)

3.1      Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant as in effect on the date hereof, as 
filed  with  the  Secretary  of  State  of  the  State  of  Delaware  and  effective  April  28,  2022  (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 29, 2022)

3.2        Amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  of  the  Registrant  (as  amended  and  restated  on  February  16,  2023) 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 17, 
2023)

4.1      Senior Debt Indenture between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon dated as of October 28, 
2015  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.1  of  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-3,  filed 
October 29, 2015)

4.2      Subordinated Indenture between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon dated as of September 
28,  2012  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.2  of  the  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1, 
filed July 28, 2015)

4.3       Form of Certificate representing the Series B Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 

4.2 of the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 24, 2018)

4.4      Form of Deposit Agreement, by and among the Company, Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust 
Company,  N.A.,  jointly  as  depositary,  and  the  holders  from  time  to  time  of  the  depositary  receipts 
described therein (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement on Form 
8-A, filed October 25, 2019)

4.5      Form of Depositary Receipt (incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.2 of the Current 

Report on Form 8-K, filed January 29, 2019)

4.6       Description of the Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Act of 1934*

4.7          Agreement  to  furnish  to  the  SEC  upon  request  a  copy  of  instruments  defining  the  rights  of  holders  of 

certain long-term debt of the registrant and consolidated subsidiaries*

10.1     Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 

10.11 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed November 14, 2014)†

10.2     Amended and Restated Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of June 23, 2016 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 5, 
2016)†

10.3     Amended and Restated Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan as of June 20, 2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 6, 
2019)†  

10.4      Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  Form  of  Restricted  Stock  Unit  Award 

Agreement†*

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 156

 
10.5        Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  Restricted  Stock  Unit  Award  Agreement  for 
Bruce  Van  Saun  Relating  to  Annual  Awards  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.11  of  the 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, Filed February 24, 2017)†

10.6      Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Omnibus  Incentive  Plan  Form  of  Performance  Stock  Unit  Award 

Agreement†*

10.7     Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement for 
Bruce  Van  Saun  Relating  to  Annual  Awards  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.15  of  the 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, Filed February 24, 2017)†

10.8        Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Employee  Stock  Purchase  Plan  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to 

Exhibit 99.3 of the Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed September 26, 2014)†

10.9     Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Compensation Policy, as amended April 25, 2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 6, 
2019)† 

10.10    Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Compensation Policy, amended and effective April 
22,  2021  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  filed 
August 3, 2021)†

10.11    Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Compensation Policy, amended and effective April 
28, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed 
August 3, 2022)†

10.12    Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Non-Employee Directors Compensation Policy, amended and effective April 
27, 2023 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed 
August 8, 2023)†

10.13      Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.  2014  Non-Employee  Directors  Compensation  Plan  (incorporated  herein  by 

reference to Exhibit 99.2 of the Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed September 26, 2014)†

10.14    Amended and Restated Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan as 
of June 23, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, 
filed August 5, 2016)†

10.15   Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan Form of Restricted Stock 
Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.19 of the Annual Report on Form 
10-K, filed February 26, 2016)†

10.16   Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 2014 Non-Employee Directors Compensation Plan Form of Restricted Stock 
Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q, Filed August 3, 2017)†

10.17    Amended  and  Restated  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  for  Directors  of  Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc., 
effective  January  1,  2009  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.19  of  Amendment  No.  2  to 
Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed August 15, 2014)†

10.18    Form of Indemnification Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Amendment No. 

3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed September 8, 2014)†

10.19    Amended and Restated CFG Voluntary Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 2009 
and amended and restated on September 1, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of 
the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed March 3, 2015)†

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 157

10.20    First  Amendment  to  the  CFG  Voluntary  Executive  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  dated  March  1,  2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.26 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 24, 
2020)†

10.21    Second Amendment to the CFG Voluntary Executive Deferred Compensation Plan dated December 9, 2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.27 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 24, 
2020)†

10.22    Third  Amendment  to  the  CFG  Voluntary  Executive  Deferred  Compensation  Plan  dated  March  4,  2020 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.27 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 23, 
2021)†

10.23   Fourth Amendment to the CFG Voluntary Executive Deferred Compensation Plan dated January 1, 2022 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 23, 
2022)†

10.24    Fifth Amendment to the CFG Voluntary Executive Deferred Compensation Plan dated January 1, 2024†*

10.25   Amended and Restated Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 
2009 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.20 of Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement 
on Form S-1, filed August 15, 2014)†

10.26    Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Form of Deferred Cash Award Agreement†*

10.27   Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Executive Severance Practice (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 

10.21 of Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1, filed August 15, 2014)†

10.28      Amended  and  Restated  Executive  Employment  Agreement,  dated  May  5,  2016,  between  the  Registrant 
and Bruce Van Saun (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q, filed May 9, 2016)†

10.29    Addendum  to  Amended  and  Restated  Executive  Employment  Agreement,  dated  as  of  June  25,  2021 
between  the  Registrant  and  Bruce  Van  Saun  (incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  of  the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 3, 2021)†

10.30    Executive Employment Agreement, dated March 23, 2015, between the Registrant and Donald H. McCree 
III and subsequent addendum dated August 2, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of 
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 3, 2017)†

10.31    Executive Employment Agreement, dated September 6, 2014, between the Registrant and Malcolm Griggs 
and subsequent addendum dated August 14, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.41 of 
the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 21, 2019)† 

10.32    Executive Employment Agreement, dated December 13, 2016, between the Registrant and John F. Woods 
and subsequent addendum dated August 2, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of the  
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 3, 2017)†

10.33    Amended  and  Restated  Executive  Employment  Agreement,  dated  December  20,  2021,  between  the 
Registrant and Brendan Coughlin (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.32 of the Annual Report 
on Form 10-K, filed February 23, 2022)†

10.34   Investors Bancorp, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 of the 

Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed April 7, 2022)†

10.35   Investors Bancorp, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan Form of Stock Option Agreement (incorporated herein 

by reference to Exhibit 10.35 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed February 17, 2023)†

21.1     Subsidiaries of Registrant*

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 158

23.1     Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*

24.1     Power of Attorney (contained herein on signature pages)

31.1     Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

31.2     Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

32.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 

906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

32.2     Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 

906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

97.1     Citizens Financial Group, Inc. Clawback Policy, effective December 1, 2023*

101 

The  following  materials  from  the  Registrant's  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December  31,  2023,  formatted  in  XBRL:  (i)  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets,  (ii)  the  Consolidated 
Statements  of  Operations,  (iii)  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income,  (iv)  the 
Consolidated  Statements  of  Changes  in  Stockholders’  Equity,  (v)  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash 
Flows and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements*

104  

Cover page interactive data file in inline XBRL format, included in Exhibit 101 to this report*

† Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
* Filed herewith.

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

Not applicable.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 159

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  the 
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on 
February 16, 2024. 

SIGNATURES

CITIZENS FINANCIAL GROUP, INC.
(Registrant)

By: /s/ Bruce Van Saun

Name:   Bruce Van Saun
Title:     Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 160

 
SIGNATURES

KNOW  ALL  PERSONS  BY  THESE  PRESENTS,  that  each  of  the  undersigned,  being  a  director  or  officer  of 
Citizens  Financial  Group,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation  (the  "Company"),  hereby  constitutes  and  appoints  Bruce 
Van  Saun,  John  F.  Woods,  Polly  N.  Klane,  and  C.  Jack  Read,  and  each  of  them,  his  or  her  true  and  lawful 
attorney-in-fact  and  agent,  with  full  power  of  substitution  and  resubstitution,  for  him  or  her  and  in  his  or  her 
name, place and stead in any and all capacities, to sign one or more Annual Reports for the Company's fiscal year 
ended December 31, 2023 on Form 10-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other 
form as any such attorney-in-fact may deem necessary or desirable, any amendments thereto, and all additional 
amendments thereto, each in such form as they or any one of them may approve, and to file the same with all 
exhibits  thereto  and  other  documents  in  connection  therewith  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission, 
granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform 
each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done so that such Annual Report shall comply with the 
Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended,  and  the  applicable  Rules  and  Regulations  adopted  or  issued 
pursuant  thereto,  as  fully  and  to  all  intents  and  purposes  as  he  or  she  might  or  could  do  in  person,  hereby 
ratifying  and  confirming  all  that  said  attorneys-in-fact  and  agents,  or  any  of  them  or  their  substitute  or 
resubstitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below 

by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.

Signature

/s/ Bruce Van Saun

Bruce Van Saun

/s/ John F. Woods

John F. Woods

/s/ C. Jack Read

C. Jack Read

/s/ Lee Alexander

Lee Alexander

/s/ Christine M. Cumming

Christine M. Cumming

/s/ Kevin Cummings

Kevin Cummings

/s/ William P. Hankowsky

William P. Hankowsky

/s/ Edward J. Kelly III

Edward J. Kelly III

/s/ Robert G. Leary

Robert G. Leary

/s/ Terrance J. Lillis

Terrance J. Lillis

/s/ Michele N. Siekerka

Michele N. Siekerka

/s/ Shivan S. Subramaniam

Shivan S. Subramaniam

/s/ Christopher J. Swift

Christopher J. Swift

/s/ Wendy A. Watson

Wendy A. Watson

/s/ Marita Zuraitis

Marita Zuraitis

Title

Date

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

February 16, 2024

(Principal Executive Officer and Director)

Vice Chair and Chief Financial Officer

February 16, 2024

(Principal Financial Officer)

Executive Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller

February 16, 2024

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

February 16, 2024

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. | 161

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

_________________________________________________________________________________________

I, Bruce Van Saun, certify that: 

1.

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Citizens Financial Group, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to 
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which 
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and 
have: 

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures 
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, 
including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

c.  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in 
this  report  our  conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d.  Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the  registrant’s  fourth  fiscal  quarter  in 
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the 
registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

a.  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and 

b.  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. 

Date: February 16, 2024 

/s/ Bruce Van Saun
Bruce Van Saun
Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
_________________________________________________________________________________________

I, John F. Woods, certify that: 

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Citizens Financial Group, Inc.; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to 
state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which 
such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, 
fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the 
registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.  The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control 
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and 
have: 

a.  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures 
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, 
including  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  is  made  known  to  us  by  others  within  those  entities, 
particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b.  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

c.  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in 
this  report  our  conclusions  about  the  effectiveness  of  the  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  as  of 
the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d.  Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that 
occurred  during  the  registrant’s  most  recent  fiscal  quarter  (the  registrant’s  fourth  fiscal  quarter  in 
the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, 
the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The  registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  have  disclosed,  based  on  our  most  recent  evaluation  of 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the 
registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

a.  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, 
process, summarize and report financial information; and 

b.  Any  fraud,  whether  or  not  material,  that  involves  management  or  other  employees  who  have  a 

significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting. 

Date: February 16, 2024 

/s/ John F. Woods

John F. Woods

Chief Financial Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  the 
undersigned Chief Executive Officer of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. (the "Company"), does hereby certify that: 

1.  The Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”) 
fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended; and 

2.  The  information  contained  in  the  Form  10-K  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 

condition and results of operations of the Company. 

Date: February 16, 2024

/s/ Bruce Van Saun
Bruce Van Saun
Chief Executive Officer 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be 
retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff on request.

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, 

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Pursuant  to  18  U.S.C.  Section  1350,  as  adopted  pursuant  to  Section  906  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  the 
undersigned Chief Financial Officer of Citizens Financial Group, Inc. (the "Company"), does hereby certify that: 

1.  The Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “Form 10-K”) 
fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended; and 

2.  The  information  contained  in  the  Form  10-K  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial 

condition and results of operations of the Company. 

Date: February 16, 2024

/s/ John F. Woods

John F. Woods

Chief Financial Officer 

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be 
retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff on request.

National Reach

•  Deposits in all 50 states with Citizens Access

•  Approximately 6 millon retail customers  

across all 50 states

Citizens Private Bank current  
and future branch locations

Regional branch network

National retail lending and deposits,  
and Commercial Banking client coverage

Light branch network

Executive Committee

Bruce Van Saun 
Chairman and CEO

Brendan Coughlin 
Vice Chair and  
Head of Consumer Banking

Beth Johnson 
Vice Chair and  
Chief Experience Officer

Board of Directors

Bruce Van Saun 
Chairman and CEO, 
Citizens Financial Group, Inc.

Lee Alexander 
Executive Vice President and  
Chief Information Officer,  
The Clearing House

Polly Klane 
Chief Legal Officer and  
General Counsel

Susan LaMonica 
Chief Human Resources Officer

Donald H. McCree 
Vice Chair and Head of 
Commercial Banking

Michael Ruttledge 
Chief Information Officer and 
Head of Enterprise Security  
and Technology

Eric Schuppenhauer 
Head of Consumer Lending

Richard Stein 
Chief Risk Officer

Ted Swimmer 
Head of Corporate Finance  
and Capital Markets

John F. Woods 
Vice Chair and  
Chief Financial Officer 

Christine M. Cumming 
Retired First Vice President  
and COO, Federal Reserve  
Bank of New York

Kevin Cummings 
Former Chairman and CEO,  
Investors Bancorp, Inc.

Robert G. Leary 
Former CEO, The Olayan Group

Terrance J. Lillis 
Retired Chief Financial Officer, 
Principal Financial Group, Inc.

Michele N. Siekerka 
President and CEO, New Jersey 
Business and Industry Association 

Shivan S. Subramaniam* 
Retired Chairman and CEO,  
FM Global

Christopher J. Swift 
Chairman and CEO,  
The Hartford Financial  
Services Group, Inc.

Wendy A. Watson 
Retired Executive Vice President, 
Global Services, State Street Bank 
& Trust Company

Marita Zuraitis 
Director, President and CEO, 
Horace Mann Educators 
Corporation

Tracy A. Atkinson 
Retired Executive Vice President 
and CAO, State Street Corporation

William P. Hankowsky 
Former Chairman, President and 
CEO, Liberty Property Trust

Edward J. Kelly III 
Former Chairman, Institutional 
Clients Group, Citigroup, Inc.

*Shivan S. Subramaniam will retire from the Board after his current term expires at the conclusion of the April 2024 Annual Meeting.

> About Citizens Financial Group, Inc.

Citizens Financial Group, Inc. is one of the nation’s oldest and largest financial institutions, with $222.0 billion in assets as of December 31, 
2023. Headquartered in Providence, Rhode Island, Citizens offers a broad range of retail and commercial banking products and services  
to individuals, small businesses, middle-market companies, large corporations and institutions. Citizens helps its customers reach their 
potential by listening to them and by understanding their needs in order to offer tailored advice, ideas and solutions. In Consumer 
Banking, Citizens provides an integrated experience that includes mobile and online banking, a full-service customer contact center and 
the convenience of approximately 3,200 ATMs and more than 1,100 branches in 14 states and the District of Columbia. Consumer Banking 
products and services include a full range of banking, lending, savings, wealth management and small business offerings. In Commercial 
Banking, Citizens offers a broad complement of financial products and solutions, including lending and leasing, deposit and treasury 
management services, foreign exchange, interest rate and commodity risk management solutions, as well as loan syndication, corporate 
finance, merger and acquisition, and debt and equity capital markets capabilities. More information is available at citizensbank.com or 
visit us on X (formerly Twitter), LinkedIn or Facebook.

Transfer Agent 
For questions regarding change of address, lost or stolen  
certificates, transferring ownership or dividend checks,  
please contact the transfer agent.

Computershare Trust Company, N.A. 
P.O. Box 43006 
Providence, RI  02940-3006 
877.373.6374 (U.S., Canada, Puerto Rico)  
781.575.2879 (non-U.S.) 
computershare.com/investor

Form 10-K 
We will send Citizens Financial Group, Inc.’s 2023 Annual Report 
on Form 10-K (including the financial statements filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission) free of charge to any share-
holder who asks for a copy in writing. Shareholders also can ask 
for copies of any exhibit to the Form 10-K.

Please send requests to:  
Corporate Secretary  
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 
600 Washington Blvd. Stamford, CT 06901

Headquarters 
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. 
One Citizens Plaza 
Providence, RI 02903

Contact Citizens for your banking needs 
Call 800.922.9999 or visit us online at citizensbank.com

Investor Relations 
Additional information about the company, including  
annual and quarterly financial information, is available  
at investor.citizensbank.com

Inquiries may also be directed to:  
CFGInvestorRelations@citizensbank.com

Common Stock 
Citizens Financial Group, Inc. is listed on the New York Stock 
Exchange under the symbol “CFG.”

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Deloitte & Touche LLP 
Boston, MA 
617.437.2000

IJ Citizens

Financial Group, (cid:2)nc:M

One Citizens Plaza, Providence, Rhode Island 02903