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FY2018 Annual Report · Continental Resources
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2018 ANNUAL REPORT

Letter from the Chairman of Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated 

Clearwater’s success is and has always been due to our single greatest resource – our people. It is our 
people’s character, competence, teamwork and resilience in the face of adversity that has allowed us to 
turn  challenges  into  opportunities  and  to  grow  our  company  into  a  proud  leader  in  the  global  seafood 
industry.   

I  have  always  been  a  proud  member  of  the  Clearwater  team  and  never  more  so  than  in  2018  with  our 
peoples’  ability  to  leverage  Clearwater’s  broad  species  portfolio  in  response  to  a  challenging  operating 
environment  and  their  dedication  throughout  a  company-wide  reorganization.  Our  people  rose  to  the 
challenge and once more will allow the company to grow and prosper. 

In  our  four  decades,  Clearwater  has  introduced  numerous  innovative  processing  and  sustainable 
harvesting practices and technologies in our ongoing efforts to add value to the seafood we harvest and 
to  be  responsible  stewards  of  the  ocean.   We  were  the  first  to  employ  Vessel  Monitoring  Systems  and 
Geographic  Information  Systems  to  derive  insights  from  our  harvest  data  enabling  us  to  improve 
efficiency of our operations while mitigating the footprint we leave on the natural environment.  

We have been pioneers in opening and cultivating markets for Canadian seafood globally, now selling to 
over 50 countries and we continue to create new markets for our products.  

Our  commitment  to  the  responsible  and  sustainable  management  of  our  seafood  resources  has  been 
recognized  globally  by  our  customers  generating  greater  demand  for  our  products.      We  continue  our 
commitment to independent third-party certification through the world leading Marine Stewardship Council 
certification.  

Clearwater  is  an  innovative  and  entrepreneurial  company  and  I  am  sincerely  proud  of  the  ingenuity, 
entrepreneurial spirit and unshakeable work ethic of our 2,000 employees globally.  

Colin MacDonald 

2 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Letter from the Chief Executive Officer of Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated 

Clearwater 2018 - “Remarkable seafood, Responsible Choice” 

We  began  the  year  in  the  shadow  of  challenging  2017  results,  a  recently  completed  company-wide 
reorganization  and  the  announcement  of  a  new  entrant  in  the  Arctic  surf  clam  fishery.  Despite  these 
challenges, we accomplished what we set out to do – generate significantly more cash, reduce debt and 
deleverage. 

With the reversal of the  Arctic surf clam decision  in early  August,  we  were able  to convert our restored 
harvest access into record sales revenue for clam at lower costs and better margins than in the prior year. 
In frozen-at-sea shrimp, margins rebounded with improved harvesting conditions and stable pricing. While 
scallop prices fell globally in response to expanding supply conditions (especially from the United States), 
higher  Canadian  total  allowable  catch,  price  premiums  for  our  frozen-at-sea  quality  and  improved 
productivity  and  cost  savings  helped  deliver  another  solid  year.  Sales  and  margins  for  our  United 
Kingdom  whelk,  crab  and  langoustine  products  benefited  from  expanded  distribution  to  Clearwater 
customers in Asia and North America.  

Investments in research  and  development and innovation  yielded process and  quality  improvements as 
well  as  significant  cost  savings  across  our  fleet  and  land-based  operations.  Organizationally,  our  late 
2017 restructuring and  advancements in sales and  operations  planning,  procurement, financial analysis 
and reporting processes improved customer service, forecast accuracy and overall profitability. 

In 2019,  we expect balanced  and profitable growth across multiple species  and regions. Growth  will be 
led  by  Asia-Pacific  where  a  growing  middle  class  with  rising  incomes  continues  to  propel  seafood 
consumption to new heights. We will retain full quota access to the Arctic surf clam fishery. This is good 
news  for  our  company,  our  customers  and  for  our  2,000  employees  from  276  communities  in  Atlantic 
Canada and around the world.  

Clearwater  will  also  take  the  opportunity  to  advance  our  working  relationships  with  our  Indigenous 
partners. We know we can be a leader for our industry and demonstrate that reconciliation can unite and 
strengthen communities, build trust, secure existing jobs, create new ones and provide greater prosperity 
for all.    

We  want  to  thank  you,  our  valued  shareholders,  for  your  continued  support.  When  you  invest  in 
Clearwater, you are subscribing to one of the most innovative, global and sustainable seafood companies 
in the world.     

Ian D. Smith

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Table of Contents 

Management discussion and analysis 

Page# 

Non-IFRS measures  
Clearwater overview 
Mission, value proposition and strategies 
Capability to deliver results 
Explanation of 2018 results 
Capital structure and liquidity 
Outlook 
Risks and uncertainties 
Critical accounting policies 
Related party transactions 
Summary of quarterly results 
Non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations 

Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated - 2018 financial statements 
Selected annual information 
Quarterly and share information 
Corporate information 

5 
6 
7 
9 
12 
23 
31 
32 
35 
36 
37 
38 

44 
102 
101 
103 

4 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS 

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) was prepared effective March 7, 2019.   

The Audit Committee and  the  Board of Directors of Clearwater  Seafoods Incorporated (“Clearwater”, or 
the  “Company”)  have  reviewed  and  approved  the  contents  of  this  MD&A,  the  consolidated  Financial 
Statements, the 2018 fourth quarter news release and 2018 Annual Information Form (“AIF”).   

This  MD&A  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  the  2018  annual  consolidated  Financial  Statements 
prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  and  the  2018  AIF, 
which are available on Sedar at www.sedar.com as well as Clearwater’s website, www.clearwater.ca. 

COMMENTARY REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This  report  contains  “forward-looking  information”  as  defined  under  applicable  Canadian  securities 
legislation, including but not limited to, statements regarding future  plans and objectives of Clearwater.  
Forward-looking  information  typically,  but  not  always,  contains  statements  with  words  such  as 
“anticipate”, “does not anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “forecast”, “intend”, “expect”, “does not  expect”, 
“may”, “will”, “should”, “plan”, or other similar terms that are predictive in nature. 

Forward-looking information is based on a number of factors and assumptions which have been used to 
develop such information, but which may prove to be incorrect due to various known and unknown risks, 
uncertainties,  and  other  factors  outside  of  managements’  control.  Examples  may  include,  but  are  not 
limited to, total allowable catch levels, resource supply, selling prices, weather, exchange rates, fuel and 
other input costs.  There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate and actual 
results  and  future  events  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  such  forward-looking 
information.    There  can  be  no  assurance  that  such  information  will  prove  to  be  accurate  and  actual 
results  and  future  events  could  differ  materially  from  those  anticipated  in  such  forward-looking 
information.  

For additional information with respect to risk factors applicable to Clearwater, reference should be made 
to those factors discussed under the heading “Risks and Uncertainties” in this management discussion 
and  analysis  and  Clearwater's  continuous  disclosure  materials  filed  from  time  to  time  with  securities 
regulators, including, but not limited to, Clearwater's Annual Information Form.  

The  forward-looking  information  contained  in  this  report  is  made  as  of  the  date  of  this  release  and 
Clearwater does not undertake to update publicly or revise the forward-looking information contained in 
this  report,  whether  as  a  result  of  new  information,  future  events  or  otherwise,  except  as  required  by 
applicable securities laws. 

No regulatory authority has approved or disapproved the adequacy or accuracy of this report. 

NON-IFRS MEASURES  

This MD&A makes reference to non-IFRS measures to supplement the analysis of Clearwater’s results. 
These  measures  are  provided  to  enhance  the  reader’s  understanding  of  our  current  financial 
performance.  They  are  included  to  provide  investors  and  management  with  an  alternative  method  for 
assessing our operating results in a manner that is focused on the performance of our ongoing operations 
and to provide  a consistent basis for comparison between periods.  These  non-IFRS measures are not 
recognized  measures  under  IFRS,  and  therefore  they  may  not  be  comparable  to  similar  measures 
presented by other companies. 

5 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management  believes  that  in  addition  to  sales,  net  earnings  and  cash  provided  by  operating  activities, 
these non-IFRS measures are useful terms from which to determine Clearwater’s ability to generate cash 
for investment in working capital, capital expenditures, debt service, income tax and dividends. 

These non-IFRS measures include adjusted EBITDA, adjusted earnings, free cash flows, leverage, and 
return on assets.  

Refer to non-IFRS measures reconciliations for further information. 

CLEARWATER OVERVIEW 

Clearwater is North America’s largest vertically integrated harvester, processor and distributor of premium 
shellfish. Clearwater is a leading global provider of wild-caught shellfish with harvesting operations in 
Canada,  Argentina  and  the  UK,  Clearwater  is  recognized  for  its  consistent  quality,  wide  diversity,  and 
reliable  delivery  of  premium,  wild,  eco-labeled  seafood,  including  scallops,  lobster,  clams,  coldwater 
shrimp, langoustine, whelk, crab and groundfish with approximately 93 million pounds sold in 2018. 

Global demand for premium wild-caught seafood among aging boomers and a rising middle class in the 
Asian-Pacific  region  is  outpacing  resource  supply  creating  powerful  industry  fundamentals.    This,  in 
combination  with  conservatively  managing  seafood  fisheries  to  protect  the  long-term  health  of  the 
industry, is creating new opportunities from the rising demand for high-quality sustainable seafood. 

Clearwater’s vertical integration creates barriers to entry and sustainable competitive advantage as 
the  largest  holder  of  shellfish  quotas  and  licences  within  Canada  and  maintains  the  widest  selection  of 
Marine  Stewardship  Council  (“MSC”)-certified  species  of  any  shellfish  harvester  worldwide.    Regulatory 
authorities strictly control access to quota and rarely grant new licences.  

Clearwater continues to create competitive advantage through investment in research and development, 
technology  and  intellectual  property  that  has  resulted  in  state-of-the-art  factory  vessels  with  harvesting 
and processing capabilities that enable high productivity and frozen-at-sea products that deliver superior 
taste and quality.  

Clearwater maintains a global, direct sales force that is capable of interacting with and selling directly to 
diverse markets worldwide.  Our channel mix in food service, retail and other food industries ensures a 
diverse  community  of  customers  and  we  have  no  single  customer  representing  more  than  7%  of  total 
annual sales.   

The  vertical  integration  of  Clearwater’s  quotas  and  licences,  sustainable  fishing  practices,  at-sea 
processing of shellfish, onshore processing and distribution networks, and global sales force combine to 
make Clearwater the industry leader in shellfish. 

Clearwater’s  proven  and  experienced  leadership  team  continues  to  build  upon  its  world  class 
capabilities  in  quality  control  and  food  safety,  operations,  new  product  development  and  leadership. 
Through its deep industry knowledge and talent, our team will continue to deliver on our operational and 
financial growth opportunities. 

6 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER’S MISSION, VALUE PROPOSITION AND STRATEGIES 

Clearwater’s  mission  is  to  build  the  world’s  most  extraordinary,  wild  seafood  company,  dedicated  to 
sustainable seafood excellence.  

We define: 

 

 

 

“extraordinary”  as  sustainable  growth  in  revenue,  margins,  adjusted  EBITDA,  free  cash  flows 
and the creation of long-term shareholder value;  

“wild  seafood”  as  premium  wild  shellfish,  including  our  core  species  (scallops,  clam,  lobster, 
coldwater shrimp, crab and langoustines); and 

“sustainable  seafood  excellence”  as  delivering  best-in-class  quality,  food  safety,  traceability 
and certified sustainability. 

We believe that the fulfillment of this mission will result in extraordinary value creation for shareholders, 
customers, employees and the communities in which we work and live.  

Value Proposition 

At  Clearwater,  we  have  a  passion  for  wild  seafood  and  strive  to  deliver  a  highly  differentiated  and 
competitively  advantaged  value  proposition  to  a  global  customer  base.  Key  elements  of  Clearwater’s 
unique value proposition are: 

  Great tasting, nutritious, highest quality, frozen-at-sea, premium shellfish. 

  Expertise in premium shellfish science, harvesting, processing and logistics technology to ensure 

quality and safety from “ocean to plate”. 

  Marine  Stewardship  Council  certification  for  sustainability  of  species  to  ensure  both  the 

traceability and long-term health of our wild resources. 

  Competitively advantaged global customer service with local market understanding and insight. 

  Scale in licence and quota ownership guaranteeing exclusive and stable supply to service even 

the largest global retail and food service customers.   

Strategies 

Clearwater’s  six  core  strategies  are  designed  to  strengthen  our  competitive  and  differentiated  value 
proposition.  They are: 

1.  Expanding  Access  to  Supply  –  Expanding  access 

to  supply  of  core  species  and  other 
complementary,  high  demand,  premium,  wild  and  sustainably-harvested  seafood  through  improved 
utilization  and  productivity  of  core  licences  as  well  as  acquisitions,  partnerships,  joint  ventures  and 
commercial agreements. 

•  Largest Holder of shellfish licences and quotas in Canada 

Operating  from  ocean-to-plate,  Clearwater  holds  shellfish  licences  and  quotas  in  Canada, 
including Arctic surf clam, offshore lobster, Canadian sea scallops and coldwater shrimp, as well 
as  Argentine  scallops  in  Argentina.  Licensing,  quotas  and  strategic  procurement  provide 
Clearwater  with  a  consistent  and  renewable  supply  of  premium,  wild-caught,  sustainably-
harvested seafood for distribution around the globe.  

7 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
•  Macduff Shellfish Group 

The  acquisition  of  Macduff  in  2015  extended  our  access  to  premium,  wild-caught,  safe  and 
traceable  shellfish,  including  King  Scallops,  Langoustine,  Brown  Crab  and Whelk.  In  addition  to 
being a leading harvester, Macduff is one of the largest processors of wild shellfish in the United 
Kingdom with tremendous opportunity for future growth. 

2.  Target profitable & growing markets, channels & customers – Clearwater targets growing markets, 
consumers,  channels  and  customers  based  on  size,  profitability,  demand  for  eco-label  seafood  and 
ability to win.  Our focus is to win in key channels and with customers that are winning with consumers. 

•  Expanding channels and partnerships in key markets 

Sales to Asia-Pacific reached 41 percent or $65.0 million in 
the fourth quarter of 2018.  Clearwater achieved this growth 
through  market  expansion  of  traditional  channels  and 
forging  new  strategic  channels, 
including  ecommerce 
platforms.  Clearwater  continues  to  focus  on  distribution 
expansion for clam and all Macduff products.  

3. 

Innovate and position products to deliver superior customer satisfaction and value – We continue 
to work with customers on new products and formats as we innovate and position our premium seafood 
to deliver superior satisfaction and value that is differentiated on the dimensions of taste, quality, safety, 
sustainability, wellness, convenience and fair labour practices. 

• 

Increasing product variety and preventing imitation 
Clearwater continues to innovate products and formats in response to 
evolving  consumer  trends  and  foodservice  customers,  including 
utilizing  existing  processing  partnerships  to  expand  our  clam  sushi 
offerings and entering the live crab business.  

4. 

Increase margins by improving price realization and cost management – Leverage the scarcity of 
seafood supply and increasing global demand, in addition to continuing to invest in, innovate and adopt 
state-of-the-art technology, systems and processes.   

• 

Position organization for price realization and cost management 
Clearwater  continues  to  leverage  our  state-of-the-art  technology  and  smarter  systems  to  drive 
margin  improvements  through  cost  management.    Our  fleet  and  land-based  operations 
continuously  improve  processes  across  our  diversified  species  to  respond  to  fluctuations  in 
capacity.  In  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017,  Clearwater  completed  a  company-wide  restructuring 
resulting in year-over-year savings.  

•  Leveraging Intellectual Property (“IP”) and Technology 

Clearwater  continues  to  leverage  and  further  evolve  its  proprietary  technology  to  reduce  costs, 
reduce our carbon footprint and maximize the taste and quality of our products. 

o  Ocean  floor  mapping  is  utilized  on  our  fleet  in  combination  with  fishery-specific 
innovative  gear  and  geographic  positioning  technology  enabling  us  to  continually 
increase the productivity of our fleet. 

o  Patented  automatic  shucking  technology  and  solutions  deliver  superior  tasting  and 
quality  products  to  customers  by  enabling  fresh  frozen-at-sea  products  that  are  frozen 
within an hour of the catch. 

o  Our  state-of-the-art  IP  protected  clam  dredging  technology  was  further  refined  and 
implemented  on  our  newest  fleet  addition,  the  Anne  Risley,  providing  lower  costs  and 
improved productivity while reducing the Company’s carbon footprint. 

8 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.  Pursue  and  preserve  the  long-term  sustainability  of  resources  on  land  on  sea  –  As  a  leading 
global  supplier  of  wild-harvested  seafood,  sustainability  remains  at  the  core  of  our  business  and  our 
mission.  Investing  in  the  long-term  health  and  the  responsible  harvesting  of  the  oceans  is  every 
harvester’s responsibility and the only proven way to ensure access to a reliable, stable, renewable and 
long-term  supply  of  seafood.  Sustainability  is  not  just  good  business,  like  innovation  it’s  in  our  DNA. 
That’s why Clearwater has been recognized by the MSC as a leader in sustainable harvesting for wild 
fisheries  and  how  Clearwater  can  offer  the  widest  selection  of  sustainably-certified  species  of  any 
seafood harvester worldwide.  

•  Commitment to sustainability  

Clearwater,  in  collaboration  with  other  industry  participants,  continues  to  invest  in  research  to 
improve  the  understanding  of  resource  dynamics  and  harvest  strategies  that  support  long-term 
sustainability.  

Clearwater undertakes key research initiatives to support long-term sustainability of our fisheries 
including innovative ocean bottom mapping research and analysis which Clearwater conducts in 
partnership  with  the  Nova  Scotia  Community  College.    Our  ocean  bottom  data  is  exclusive 
intellectual property that contributes directly to our increasing harvesting efficiency while reducing 
impact on the ocean habitat and improving sustainability. 

On  an  annual  basis,  Clearwater,  in  collaboration  with  other  industry  participants,  continues  to 
undertake  video  monitoring  research  in  the  Canadian  sea  scallop  fishery  adding  to  our 
understanding of resource dynamics and informing management for the development of harvest 
strategies that support long-term sustainability. 

6.  Build  organizational  capability,  capacity  &  engagement  –  We  attract,  train  and  retain  the  best 

talent to build business system and process excellence company-wide.      

CAPABILITY TO DELIVER RESULTS   

Clearwater's  revenues  and  earnings  are  dependent  primarily  on  its  ability  to  harvest,  purchase,  and 
market  shellfish.  Supply  is  dependent  to  a  large  extent  on  the  annual  total  allowable  catch  (“TAC”)  for 
each species. The annual TAC is related to the health of the stock of the species as determined by the 
relevant  government  fishery  management  organizations.    All  stocks  are  managed  sustainably  providing 
assurance of the long-term availability of the resource, however annual fluctuations in supply of a natural 
resource are normal. Short term impacts of such fluctuations can  normally  be  offset within Clearwater’s 
species portfolio and/or by making adjustments within each business unit.  See Risk and Uncertainties – 
Resource Supply Risk and Political Risk for further information regarding Clearwater TAC. 

The  primary  shellfish  stocks  that  Clearwater  harvests  are  Canadian  sea,  Argentine  and  UK  scallops, 
clam, lobsters and coldwater shrimp, which are harvested in offshore fisheries that have a limited number 
of  participants.  Clearwater  harvests  scallops  and  clams  with  its  own  vessels.  Clearwater  obtains  its 
lobster  and  coldwater  shrimp  through  harvesting  with  its  own  vessels  and  through  purchases  from 
independent  fishermen.  Clearwater  obtains  most  of  its  supply  of  crab,  whelk,  and  langoustines  through 
purchases from independent fishermen. 

  The  Canadian  sea  scallop  resource  typically  fluctuates  within  a  stable  range.    Clearwater 
anticipates TACs within the normal range in upcoming years. Clearwater lands virtually all its sea 
scallop quota each year and may from time to time harvest quotas for other industry participants 
or purchase raw material supply from other industry participants.  

  Argentine  scallop  volumes  are  normally  stable.  The  regulator  announced  a  small  reduction  in 
TAC  in  2018.    Argentina  was  the  first  scallop  fishery  in  the  world  to  have  earned  the  rigorous 
MSC independent certification.   

9 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  UK King Scallop landings are stable. The fishery is managed under a combination of effort days, 

gear regulation and maximum landing size which vary by area. 

  The  Arctic surf clam resource is stable. Clearwater  has quota allocations on  both Banquereau 

Bank and the Grand Banks in Canada.  

  The  offshore  Canadian  lobster  resource  is  healthy  with  a  consistent  offshore  TAC.  Clearwater 
harvests  all  its  lobster  quota  each  year.  During  2018,  Clearwater  purchased  approximately  80 
percent of its lobster from inshore lobster fishermen.  The quality of lobster has seen a decline in 
this fishery resulting in higher raw material costs.  

  Coldwater shrimp - The Northern shrimp TAC has declined from historic highs over the last five 
years and is expected to continue to decline as the environment undergoes a regime shift back 
towards  one  dominated  by  groundfish  (cod,  perch  and  turbot)  rather  than  shellfish  (crab  and 
shrimp).    Clearwater  holds  access  to  quotas  directly  through  licences  and  through  long-term 
harvesting agreements.   Clearwater procures shrimp from the inshore fresh fishery for its cooked 
and peeled business and supplements this with frozen raw material from offshore vessels.  

For the species it harvests, Clearwater maintains the largest, most modern fleet of factory freezer vessels 
in Canada, as well as vessels used to harvest Clearwater's offshore lobster and to complete research and 
development. The Company also maintains a fleet of 12 scallop trawlers and one crab vessel in the UK. 

Clearwater classifies capital expenditures as either return on investment (“ROI”) or maintenance capital.  
Significant expenditures that are expected to have a return in excess of the cost of capital are classified 
as ROI, and all refits and expenditures that are expected to return less than the average cost of capital 
are classified as maintenance.  Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. 

Clearwater invested the following on capital expenditures and repairs and maintenance over the last three 
years:  

(In 000’s) 
For the years ended December 31 
Vessels 
Plants and other 

Return on investment capital 
Maintenance capital 

Maintenance capital 
Repairs and maintenance expense 

Depreciation/Amortization 
Maintenance spending as a % of depreciation  

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2018
13,659 
5,465 
19,124 

518 
18,606 
19,124 

18,606 
18,281 
36,887 

44,869 
82.2%

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2017
59,655 
25,776 
85,431 

63,846 
21,586 
85,432 

21,586 
21,971 
43,557 

45,428 
95.9%

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2016
44,343 
11,989 
56,332 

31,913 
24,419 
56,332 

24,419 
24,135 
48,554 

38,634 
125.7%

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Total
117,657 
43,230 
160,887 

96,277 
64,611 
160,888 

64,611 
64,387 
128,998 

128,931 
100.1%

In  2018,  Clearwater  invested  $19.1  million  in  capital  expenditures  following  the  completion  of  its  fleet 
modernization program in 2017.  The majority of capital expenditures related to vessel refits. 

In  2017,  Clearwater  invested  a  record  $85.4  million  in  capital  expenditures:  $39.2  million  of  investment 
capital  related  to  the  Anne  Risley,  a  replacement  clam  vessel,  completing  Clearwater’s  fleet 
modernization  program;  $21.6  million  of  maintenance  capital  largely  related  to  vessel  refits  and  $19.5 
million to improve operational efficiencies in Clearwater’s land-based operations. 

10 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  2016,  Clearwater  invested  $56.3  million  in  capital  expenditures  of  which  $25.9  million  of  investment 
capital  related  to  the  Anne  Risley  and  $24.2  million  of  maintenance  capital  related  to  vessel  refits  and 
$6.2 million to improve operational efficiencies in our plants and information systems. 

In addition to the annual amounts capitalized above, over the past three years Clearwater has incurred an 
average of $21.5 million per annum on repairs and  maintenance of its fleet and processing plants. This 
reflects  Clearwater’s  commitment  to  maximizing  asset  performance,  enabling  the  harvest  of  allowable 
catch and efficient processing of harvested and procured species.  

Clearwater’s largest fleet investments are in its nine factory vessels located within Canada and Argentina. 
These vessels are used in the harvesting of Canadian scallops, Argentine scallops, shrimp and clams.   

Of the nine factory vessels: 

•  Four  are  used  to  harvest  sea  and  Argentine  scallops  with  the  sea  scallop  vessels  being  on 

average 21 years old and the Argentine scallop vessels being on average 23 years old.   

•  Two  are  used  to  harvest  shrimp  and  are  on  average  25  years  old.  These  vessels  have  the 
capacity to harvest our shrimp and turbot quota. One of the vessels was built in 1985 and in 2014 
Clearwater invested $12.5 million in a late-life refit, thereby extending its useful life.  

•  Three  of  Clearwater’s  vessels  are  used  to  harvest  clams  and  are  on  average  13  years  old.  In 
2017, Clearwater completed the construction of a new clam harvesting vessel, the Anne Risley, 
which replaced an existing vessel in the fourth quarter of 2017.  These vessels have the capacity 
to harvest the entire clam quota. 

Clearwater’s  fleet  also  includes  12  mid-shore  scallop  harvesting  vessels  and  one  crab  vessel  operating 
within the UK and an offshore lobster vessel within Canada. 

In 2019, Clearwater expects to invest between $25-$30 million in capital projects relating to vessel refits 
and land-based supply chain infrastructure.                                                                                                                    

11 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXPLANATION OF FINANCIAL RESULTS  

Clearwater uses Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”) and Financial Measures to assess progress against 
our six core strategies.   

Key Performance Indicators and Financial Measures  

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 
Profitability 
Sales 
Sales growth 

Gross margin 
Gross margin (as a % of sales) 

Adjusted EBITDA1,2 

Adjusted EBITDA1,2 (as a % of sales) 
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders1,2 

Adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders1,2 (as a % of 
sales) 

Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders 
Basic earnings (loss) per share 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share 
Dividends paid on common shares 

Adjusted earnings attributable to shareholders1 

Adjusted earnings attributable to shareholders1 per share 

Cash flows and leverage  
Cash from (used in) operating activities 
Cash from (used in) financing activities 
Cash from (used in) investing activities 
Free cash flows1 

Leverage1,3 

$

$

$

$

$

2018

2017

2016 

592,246 
(4.6%)

106,837 
18.0%

$

$

621,031 
1.5%

110,068 
17.7%

$ 

$ 

611,551  
21.1% 

144,621  
23.6% 

104,391 

108,596 

120,937  

17.6%

17.5%

19.8% 

88,175 

$

89,156 

$ 

98,446  

14.9%

14.4%

16.1% 

$

$

(16,204)
(0.25)
(0.25)
0.20 

15,831 

0.25 

76,487 
(60,617)
(16,701)

45,206 

4.7 

$ 

$ 

15,759 
0.25 
0.25 
0.20 

8,690 

0.14 

58,141 
22,665 
(85,516)

(8,428)

5.0 

43,928  
0.71  
0.71  
0.20  

23,766  

0.38  

63,040  
(12,666) 
(55,873) 

1,502  

4.2  

Returns 
Return on assets1,4 
Total assets 
1 Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations. 

$

7.4%
727,423 

$

8.1%
770,880 

$ 

11.0% 
729,735  

2 Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization. 
3 Leverage is calculated as adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders to net debt and differs from the calculation of leverage for covenant  
   purposes. 
4 Return on assets is calculated as adjusted earnings before interest and taxes to total average quarterly assets. 

12 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
2018 Key Highlights 

The following are key highlights and developments based on Clearwater’s KPIs and Financial Measures 
for 2018. 

Profitability 
In  2018,  gross  margin  and  adjusted  EBITDA1  increased  as  a  percentage  of  sales  while  sales  declined 
slightly as compared to the prior year.   

• 

Improvements  in  gross  margin  and  adjusted  EBITDA  as  a  percentage  of  sales  reflects  cost 
efficiencies, higher sales mix of stronger margin species and favourable net foreign exchange.  
•  Cost efficiencies include the organizational restructuring completed in the fourth quarter of 2017 

and benefits from our operational continuous cost improvement initiatives. 

•  Sales  to  Asia  reached  40%  as  compared  to  35%  in  the  prior  year  following  the  expansion  of 

distribution channels. 

•  Average foreign exchange rates positively impacted sales by $11.7 million versus 2017. 
•  Gross margin was also impacted by strong sales mix for clam and strong prices for FAS shrimp 
offset by lower available supply and competitive conditions for scallops.  Certain procured species 
improved despite lower volumes as procurement activities targeted higher margin transactions. 
•  Earnings attributable to shareholders decreased $32.0 million primarily due to unrealized foreign 

exchange losses on debt. 

•  Adjusted  earnings  attributable  to  shareholders  increased  $7.1  million  compared  to  2017  due  to 
realized  foreign  exchange  on  working  capital  partially  offset  by  higher  depreciation  expense  in 
2018. 

Cash flows and leverage 
Record  cash  from  operations  of  $76.5  million  was  generated  in  the  year,  an  increase  of  $18.3  million 
compared to the prior year.  Free cash flow increased $53.6 million over the prior year. 

•  Leverage  improved  to  4.7x  from  reduced  debt  balances  resulting  from  strong  cash  generated 
from  operations  and  a  reduction  in  capital  expenditures  following  the  completion  of  the  fleet 
renewal  program  in  2017.    This  was  partially  offset  by  higher  USD  foreign  exchange  rates  on 
USD  denominated  debt  balances,  net  of  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  on  80%  of  the 
notional value of the USD Notes. 

•  Cash from operations was positively impacted by favorable foreign exchange on working capital 

• 

and a reduction in cash taxes. 
Improvements in  working capital of $6.6 million also contributed to cash generation  in the  year, 
including a reduction of inventory balances by $8.0 million compared to 2017. 

Returns 
Return  on  assets1  declined  from  8.1%  to  7.4%  in  2018  as  a  reduction  in  the  average  asset  base  was 
offset by lower earnings before interest and taxes.   

Developments 
Effective  2018,  the  DFO  announced  the  creation  of  a  new  surf  clam  licence  representing  25  percent  of 
TAC and awarded the licence to a new entrant in the first quarter of 2018 subject to certain conditions.   

In the third quarter of 2018, the DFO announced their decision to cancel the process to issue the fourth 
licence and confirmed that the remaining 25 percent of the clam quota would be issued to Clearwater for 
2018 and 2019.  See Risk and Uncertainties – Political Risk for further information. 

1 – Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations  

13 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
EXPLANATION OF CHANGES IN EARNINGS   

The  following  consolidated  statements  of  earnings  (loss)  reflects  the  results  of  Clearwater  for  the  13 
weeks and years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.  For supplemental non-IFRS measures, refer to 
discussion  on  non-IFRS  measures  in  the  non-IFRS  measures,  definitions  and  reconciliations  section  of 
this MD&A.  Detailed discussion on the components of consolidated earnings (loss) follows: 

13 weeks ended

Year ended

In 000's of Canadian dollars 

December 31 December 31
2017 

2018 

Change  

December 31 December 31
2017 

2018 

Change

Sales 
Cost of goods sold 

$

159,807  $
133,340  

174,766  $ (14,959)  $
145,315  

(11,975)   

592,246  $
485,409  

621,031  $ (28,785)
(25,554)
510,963  

Gross margin 
Gross margin as a % of sales 

26,467  
16.6% 

29,451  
16.9% 

(2,984)   
(0.3%)  

106,837  
18.0% 

110,068  
17.7% 

(3,231)
0.3%

Operating expenses 
     Administrative and selling 
     Restructuring costs 
Net finance costs 
(Gains) losses on contract 
derivatives 
Foreign exchange (gains) losses 
on long-term debt and working 
capital 
Other (income) expense 
Research and development 

Earnings (loss) before income 
taxes 
Income tax expense (recovery) 
Earnings (loss)  

Earnings (loss) attributable to: 
  Non-controlling interest 
  Shareholders of Clearwater 

Adjusted EBITDA attributed to: 
    Non-controlling interest 
    Shareholders of Clearwater 
Adjusted EBITDA1 

$

$

$

$

$

12,675  
-  
7,847  

14,061  
6,677  
8,330  

1,386    
6,677    
483    

53,509  
482  
31,966  

55,551  
6,856  
35,280  

2,042 
6,374 
3,314 

15,008 

2,275 

(12,733)

15,798 

(4,045)

(19,843)

1,681  
102  
331  
37,644  

1,231  
(1,540) 
507  
31,541  

(450)   
(1,642)   
176    
(6,103)   

9,061  
(3,737) 
1,724  
108,803  

(14,263) 
(7,576) 
2,368  
74,171  

(23,324)
(3,839)
644 
(34,632)

(11,177) 
(621) 
(10,556) $

(2,090) 
4,461  
(6,551) $

(9,087)   
5,082    
(4,005)  $

(1,966) 
1,740  
(3,706) $

35,897  
7,658  

(37,863)
5,918 
28,239  $ (31,945)

1,784  $

(12,340) 
(10,556) $

4,405  $

(10,956) 

(6,551) $

(2,621)  $
(1,384)   
(4,005)  $

12,498  $
(16,204) 

(3,706) $

12,480  $
18 
(31,963)
15,759  
28,239  $ (31,945)

2,368  $

21,722  
24,090  $

5,538  $

22,952  
28,490  $

(3,170)  $
(1,230)   
(4,400)  $

16,216  $
88,175  
104,391  $

19,440  $
89,156  
108,596  $

(3,224)
(981)
(4,205)

1 – Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations  

14 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
      
 
                  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales by species 

In 000's of Canadian 
dollars 
Scallops 
Clams 
Lobster 
Coldwater shrimp 
Crab 
Langoustine 
Whelk 
Ground fish and other 
shellfish 

Sales by region 

13 weeks ended  

Year ended

December 31 December 31 

$

2018  
43,410  $
37,349  
22,208 
14,039  
23,665  
14,061  
1,737  

2017  
53,857  $
34,955 
24,720 
29,963 
13,377 
14,330  
2,197  

Change
(10,447) 
2,394  
(2,512) 
(15,924) 
10,288  
(269) 
(460) 

$

December 31  December 31
2017
200,286  $
109,170  
101,883 
77,964  
45,468  
43,099  
24,267  

2018
171,373  $
120,235  
88,387 
70,951  
51,656  
42,026  
24,291  

Change
(28,913)
11,065 
(13,496)
(7,013)
6,188 
(1,073)
24 

3,338  
159,807  $

1,367  
174,766  $

1,971  
(14,959) 

$

23,327  
592,246  $

18,894  
621,031  $

4,433 
(28,785)

$

13 weeks ended  

Year ended

December 31 December 31 

In 000's of Canadian 
dollars 
Europe 

$

2018
63,747  $

2017  
74,696  $

Change 
(10,949) 

December 31  December 31
2017
243,640  $

2018
205,653  $

$

China 
Japan 
Other Asia 
Asia 

Canada 
United States 
North America 

Other 

44,223 
16,265 
4,494 
64,982 

11,825 
19,251 
31,076 

2 

$

159,807  $

33,840 
22,775 
4,223 
60,838 

15,712 
23,395 
39,107 

10,383  
(6,510) 
271  
4,144  

(3,887) 
(4,144) 
(8,031) 

125 
174,766  $

(123) 
(14,959) 

130,402 
73,325 
33,014 
236,741 

63,892 
85,871 
149,763 

89 

$

592,246  $

102,315 
79,631 
34,170 
216,116 

73,888 
86,813 
160,701 

574 
621,031  $

(485)
(28,785)

Clearwater reported sales for the fourth quarter of 2018 of $159.8 million versus 2017 comparative results 
of $174.8 million. Annual sales were $592.2 million versus 2017 comparative of $621.0 million.   

For  the  year  and  fourth  quarter  of  2018,  strong  sales  mix  for  clams,  increased  demand  for  crab  and 
improved harvesting conditions and catch rates for FAS shrimp were offset by lower available supply and 
competitive conditions for scallops and lower sales of procured species that typically have lower margins. 
Fourth quarter sales were also lower due to the timing of FAS shrimp landings that were partially offset by 
higher turbot sales.  

Clam sales reached a record high following targeted efforts to increase customer and channel penetration 
and  geographic  distribution,  including  expansion  in  Asia-Pacific,  further  reducing  inventory  from  peak 
levels.   

In other species, purchase and production plans were adjusted to achieve a more profitable product mix.  
This  reduced  sales  while  improving  investments  in  working  capital  and  maintaining  overall  adjusted 
profitability.   

1 – Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations  

15 | P a g e  

Change
(37,987)

28,087 
(6,306)
(1,156)
20,625 

(9,996)
(942)
(10,938)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average foreign exchange  rates realized on sales for the fourth quarter and full  year of 2018 had a net 
positive impact to sales of $3.8 million and $11.7 million, respectively, as compared to the same period of 
the prior year.  The impact of foreign exchange is partially offset through Clearwater’s foreign exchange 
risk  management  program  with  net  realized  gains  and  losses  on  contract  derivatives  recognized  below 
gross margin, within adjusted EBITDA. 

Scallops 

•  Competitive  conditions  associated  mainly  with  US  scallop  landings  and  lower  available  supply 

resulted in lower sales volumes and prices for scallops in 2018. 

•  Sales  were  impacted  by  lower  sales  prices  and  volumes  in  the  fourth  quarter  and  a  shift  in 

regional sales. 

Clams 

•  Sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  and  full  year  2018  increased  following  targeted  efforts  to  increase 
volumes  through  customer  and  channel  penetration  and  geographic  distribution,  including 
expansion in China. 

•  Sales mix was favourable in 2018 compared to the prior year.  
•  Sales volumes have been supported by favourable harvesting conditions and available supply in 

inventory.  

Lobster 

•  Lobster sales volumes declined in the fourth quarter and year to date 2018 due to difficult harvest 
conditions in the first quarter of 2018 that led to reduced supply availability and high raw material 
costs.    This  resulted  in  higher  selling  prices  with  lower  volumes.    This  reduced  sales  while 
improving investments in working capital and maintaining profitability.    
•  Strong pricing in home currencies partially offset lower sales volumes.   

Coldwater shrimp  

•  Coldwater shrimp sales decreased in the fourth quarter due to timing of landings of FAS shrimp.  
•  Sales in 2018 decreased due to the lack of inshore shrimp supply offset by improved harvesting 

conditions for FAS shrimp as compared to the same period in 2017.   

•  Selling prices in home currencies remain strong with improved demand in Asia and Europe.  

Crab 

•  Sales  increased  in  the  fourth  quarter  as  procurement  was  expanded  in  the  UK,  increasing  the 

available supply. 

•  The  crab  harvest  season  in  Canada  was  delayed  in  2018  due  to  poor  weather  conditions 
resulting in lower availability of supply.  Overall Canadian harvest volumes were down resulting in 
lower sales volumes and higher prices.   

Europe 
Clearwater’s largest scallop market and a key market for coldwater shrimp, langoustines, crab and lobster 
products.  

Sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  and  full  year  2018  declined  $10.9  million  and  $38.0  million  to  $63.7  million 
and $205.7 million, respectively, as compared to the same periods of 2017.   

The  decline  in  sales  for  both  periods  was  a  result  of  lower  available  supply  of  scallops  and  a  shift  to 
markets where demand was stronger.  Overall, scallop prices were lower due to increased market supply.  
Langoustine volumes were lower due to lack of available supply.  The decline in sales was partially offset 
by favourable foreign exchange rates.  

The Euro, GBP and DKK continued to strengthen in the fourth quarter and full year of 2018 as compared 
to the prior year, resulting in a net positive impact of $0.4 million and $7.1 million respectively.   

1 – Refer to discussion on risks and uncertainties 

16 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
China 
Key market for clams, coldwater shrimp, lobster and turbot.  

Sales for the fourth quarter and full year 2018 increased $10.4 million and $28.1 million to $44.2 million 
and $130.4 million, respectively, compared to the same period of 2017 as a result of higher clam sales 
with  favourable  product  mix  weighted  towards  higher  sales  prices,  increased  crab  sales  including  the 
launch of live crab and higher FAS shrimp sales that were supported by strong sales prices. 

Sales in China are almost exclusively transacted in US dollars. The fourth quarter and full year sales were 
positivity impacted by average foreign exchange rates as compared to the same periods of the prior year 
by $1.7 million and $1.3 million respectively. 

Japan 
Primary species are clams, lobster, coldwater shrimp and turbot. 

Sales for the fourth quarter and full year 2018 decreased $6.5 million and $6.3 million to $16.3 million and 
$73.3  million,  respectively,  as  compared  to  the  same  period  in  2017.  The  decrease  was  primarily  the 
result of unfavorable sales mix for FAS shrimp and lower available supply of lobster. Decrease in sales for 
full year 2018 was offset increased turbot volumes.  

Sales in Japan are typically transacted in Yen. The Yen continued to strengthen in the fourth quarter and 
year-to-date  as  compared  to  the  prior  year  resulting  in  a  net  positive  impact  of  $0.6  million  and  $1.2 
million respectively.  

Other Asia 
Region  includes  Korea,  Taiwan,  Singapore  and  other  Asian  countries.  Whelk,  clams,  sea  scallops  and 
lobster are key products for these markets. 

Sales  increased  in  the  fourth  quarter  by  $0.3  million  primarily  as  a  result  of  higher  clam  sales  and 
decreased  in  2018  by  $1.2  million  as  compared  to  prior  period  primarily  as  a  result  of  lower  available 
supply of whelk.  

United States 
Primary species are scallops, lobster and clams. 

Sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  decreased  $4.1  million  to  $19.3  million  as  compared  to  the  same  period  in 
2017 as a result of lower available supply and competitive price pressures for scallops.  Sales for the year 
decreased $0.9 million to $85.9 million as compared to the prior year following lower available supply of 
lobster.  Higher sales volumes for langoustines partially offset the decline in sales in both periods.  

Sales  for  the  fourth  quarter  were  positively  impacted  by  $0.8  million  and  fully  year  by  $0.6  million  by 
favourable average foreign exchange as compared to the prior year.  

Canada 
Large market for lobster, scallops, snow crab, clams and coldwater shrimp. 

Sales for the fourth quarter 2018 declined $3.9 million as compared to the prior year due to lower scallop 
sales  offset  by  timing  of  snow  crab  sales.    Sales  for  the  year  declined  $10.0  million  to  $63.9  million 
primarily the result of a lower availability of supply of scallops and lower sales volumes for snow crab. 

1 – Refer to discussion on risks and uncertainties 

17 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average Foreign Exchange Rates Realized on Sales   

For  the  fourth  quarter  of  2018,  favourable  foreign  exchange  rates  for  the  USD,  YEN  and  Euro,  as 
compared  to  the  same  period  of  2017,  positively  impacted  sales  by  $3.8  million.  In  2018,  favourable 
average  foreign  exchange  rates  for  the  Euro  and  USD  positively  impacted  sales  by  $11.7  million  as 
compared to 2017.   

The impact of foreign exchange on sales was partially offset through Clearwater’s foreign exchange risk 
management program with net realized gains and losses on contract derivatives recognized below gross 
margin, within adjusted EBITDA.  

December 31
2018
Average 
rate 
realized 1

% sales

13 weeks ended
December 31 
2017 
Average 
rate 
realized1

% sales 

44.2% 
30.7% 
8.3%   
7.3% 
7.8% 
1.7% 
100.0%   

1.326
1.508

1.698
0.012
0.203

40.5% 
27.9% 
10.1%  
8.2% 
11.0% 
2.3% 
100.0%  

1.273 
1.498 

1.692 
0.011 
0.201 

Currency 

US dollars 
Euros 
Canadian dollar and other 
UK pounds 
Japanese yen 
Danish kroner 

1 Refer to discussion on risks and uncertainties. 

Cost of Goods Sold 

December 31 
2018 
Average 
rate 

realized1 % sales

Year ended
December 31
2017
Average 
rate 
realized1

% sales  

44.8% 
24.9% 
9.1%   
8.8% 
8.6% 
3.8% 
100.0%   

1.303
1.525

1.732
0.012
0.207

40.0%
26.3%
11.5% 
9.9%
10.1%
2.2%
100.0% 

1.292
1.470

1.672
0.012
0.197

Cost  of  goods  sold  includes  harvesting  and  procurement  costs,  manufacturing  costs,  depreciation, 
transportation and administration.  Cost of goods sold decreased in the fourth quarter and year by $12.0 
million  and  $25.6  million  as  compared  to  the  same  periods  of  2017.    The  decrease  is  primarily  due  to 
sales mix weighted towards species with lower variable costs, reduced overheads following cost savings 
programs and lower sales volumes.  

Harvesting  and  procurement  include  all  costs  incurred  in  the  operation  of  the  vessels  including  labour, 
fuel,  repairs  and  maintenance,  fishing  gear,  supplies,  other  costs  and  fees  plus  procured  raw  material 
costs for lobster, shrimp, scallops, crab, langoustine and whelk. 

Gross margin   

Gross  margin  as  a  percentage  of  sales  decreased  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2018  to  16.6%  compared  to 
16.9% in the prior year and increased to 18.0% for the year as compared to 17.7% in the prior year.  

Gross margin for the fourth quarter decreased $3.0 million to $26.5 million as compared to 2017 due to 
timing of landings of FAS shrimp offset by favourable clam sales mix.   

In 2018, gross margin decreased $3.2 million to $106.8 million as compared to 2017 due to competitive 
conditions  and  lower  available  supply  for  scallops,  a  harvested  species  that  typically  has  higher  gross 
margins offset by higher clam sales and strong landings for FAS shrimp. Gross margin also improved for 
certain  procured  species  despite  lower  volumes  as  sales  and  purchases  were  targeted  to  profitable 
transactions.   

In  the  fourth  quarter  and  full  year,  average  foreign  exchange  rates  realized  on  sales  had  a  net  positive 
impact to gross margin of $3.8 million and $11.7 million, respectively.  

18 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating expenses 

In 000's of Canadian dollars   
Salaries and benefits 

13 weeks ended  

Year ended

December 31 December 31
2017 
10,064  $

2018 
10,493 $ 

$

Change

429   $

December 31 December 31
2017
40,197  $

2018
41,308  $

Change
1,111 

Share-based compensation   
Employee compensation 

495  
10,988  

116  
10,180  

379  
808  

1,289  
42,597  

409  
40,606  

880 
1,991 

Consulting and professional 
fees 
Other1 
Allocation to cost of goods 
sold2 
Administrative and selling 

3,189  

2,029  

3,397  

3,859  

(208) 

(1,830) 

12,827  

11,524  

14,238  

14,078  

(3,531) 
12,675 $ 

(3,375) 
14,061  $

(156) 
(1,386)  $

(13,439) 
53,509  $

(13,371) 
55,551  $

$

Restructuring costs 
Operating expenses 
1 Other includes, but is not limited to, selling costs, travel and occupancy, depreciation and donations. 
2 Allocated to cost of goods sold reflects costs that are attributable to the production of goods and are included in the cost of 
inventory. 

(6,677) 
(8,063)  $

6,677 
20,738  $

482 
53,991  $

6,856 
62,407  $

12,675 $ 

-  

$

(1,411)

(2,554)

(68)
(2,042)

(6,374)
(8,416)

Operating  expenses  decreased  $8.1  million  and  $8.4  million  for  the  fourth  quarter  and  year  ended 
December  31,  2018  primarily  due  to  the  targeted  restructuring  of  the  Company’s  employee  base  and 
distribution  infrastructure  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2017  and  cost  saving  initiatives  in  2018.    These 
decreases  were  partially  offset  by  higher  share-based  compensation  and  incentive-based  employee 
costs.  

Net Finance costs 

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
Interest and bank charges 
Amortization of deferred 
financing charges 

13 weeks ended  

Year ended 

December 31 December 31 
2017 
7,426 $ 

2018 
7,061 $ 

$ 

Change 
(365) 

December 31 December 31 
2017 
28,205 $ 

2018 
28,551 $ 

$

435  
7,496  

405  
7,831  

30  
(335) 

1,695  
30,246  

1,555  
29,760  

Change
346 

140 
486 

Accretion on deferred 
consideration 

Debt settlement and refinancing 
costs1 

351  

-  
351  

486  

(135) 

1,720  

2,166  

(446)

13  
499  

(13) 
(148) 

-  
1,720  

3,354  
5,520  

(3,354)
(3,800)

$ 

7,847 $ 

8,330 $ 

(483) 

$

31,966 $ 

35,280 $ 

(3,314)

1 Debt settlement and refinancing costs reflects the net loss on settlement of existing interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps and 
caps, forward foreign exchange contracts, remaining unamortized deferred financing costs and accretion offset by unrealized gains on 
interest rate swaps and caps. 

Net finance costs decreased $0.5 million and $3.3 million in the fourth quarter and year ended December 
31, 2018 largely due to the debt settlement and refinancing costs in the second quarter of 2017.   

Interest and bank charges decreased in the fourth quarter compared to the same period in 2017 due to 
lower average revolving debt balance partially offset by the USD strengthening relative to the CDN dollar 
impacting interest on the USD senior unsecured notes. 

19 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(Gains) losses on contract derivatives                                            

In 000's of Canadian dollars 

Realized (gain) loss  

Forward foreign exchange 
contracts 

Unrealized (gain) loss 

Forward foreign exchange 
contracts 

13 weeks ended  

Year ended 

December 31 December 31 
2017

2018

Change  

December 31 December 31 
2017

2018

Change

$

1,565  $

2,461 $ 

(896) 

$

1,321  $

(3,065)$ 

4,386 

13,443 
15,008  $

$

(186) 
2,275 $ 

13,629  
12,733  

$

14,477 
15,798  $

(980) 
(4,045)$ 

15,457 
19,843 

Clearwater is primarily an export company with more than 85% of our sales taking place outside Canada 
in foreign currencies.  As part of our risk management strategy we enter into short-term forward contracts 
to provide greater certainty regarding exchange rates and cash flows for a period of time.  We recognize 
any realized gains and losses on these instruments as they mature and are settled.   

Clearwater also recognizes unrealized non-cash gains and losses on these instruments resulting from the 
change in fair value. Clearwater estimates the fair value of the financial derivative instruments based on 
forward prices and converts them to Canadian dollars at each balance sheet date.  The unrealized non-
cash gains or losses are excluded when calculating adjusted EBITDA and adjusted earnings attributable 
to shareholders of Clearwater. 

Realized losses on settled forward contract derivatives decreased $0.9 million and increased $4.4 million 
in the fourth quarter and full year 2018 versus the same comparative periods in 2017. The unrealized loss 
is due to average contracted rates for most currency pairs being unfavourable compared to the spot rate 
on the date of settlement in 2018. 

The increase in unrealized loss of $13.6 million and $15.5 million in the fourth quarter and full year 2018 
as compared to the same period in 2017 is dependent on average contracted rates as compared to the 
forward rates based on maturity.   The unrealized loss in the fourth quarter and full year 2018 is primarily 
due  to  average  contracted  rates  for  USD,  YEN  and  Euro  being  unfavourable  compared  to  current 
projected forward rates at maturity. 

Foreign exchange (gains) losses on long-term debt and working capital 

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
Realized (gain) loss 

Long-term debt and working 
capital 

Unrealized (gain) loss 

Long-term debt and working 
capital 
Forward exchange contracts, 
cross currency swaps and 
cap related to long-term debt   

13 weeks ended  

Year ended 

December 31 December 31 
2017

2018

Change

December 31 December 31
2017

2018

Change

$

(660) $

(565) $

(95) 

$

(5,514) $

3,547  $

(9,061)

15,381  

3,400  

11,981  

30,798  

(23,693) 

54,491 

(13,040) 
2,341  
1,681  $

$

(1,604) 
1,796  
1,231  $

(11,436) 
545  
450  

(16,223) 
14,575  

$

9,061  $

5,883  
(17,810) 
(14,263) $

(22,106)
32,385 
23,324 

1 – Refer to discussion on risks and uncertainties 

20 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Realized foreign exchange gains on long-term debt and working capital increased $9.1 million to a gain of 
$5.5 million for the year in 2018 as compared to the same period of 2017 as average foreign exchange 
rates on working capital settlement were favourable.     

Unrealized  foreign  exchange  losses  on  long-term  debt  and  working  capital  for  the  fourth  quarter  was 
$15.4  million  and  $30.8  million  year  to  date  2018.  The  unrealized  losses  are  primarily  due  to  long-term 
debt denominated in USD which are translated into Canadian dollars as at the period-end spot rates.  

Partially offsetting unrealized losses on long-term debt and working capital, were unrealized gains related 
to  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  to  hedge  approximately  80%  of  the  notional  amount  of  the  USD 
senior unsecured notes.  The unrealized loss in year to date 2017 included the $75 million cross currency 
swap. 

Other (income) expense     

In 000's of Canadian dollars 

December 31 December 31
2017 

2018 

Change 

  December 31 December 31
2017 

2018 

Change

13 weeks ended   

Year ended

Share of earnings of equity-
accounted investee 
Fair value adjustment on earn-out 
liability1 
Other (income) fees 
Royalties, interest income and 
other income 
Acquisition related costs 
Export rebate income 

$

(178) $

754 $ 

932  

$

(2,923) $

(2,656)$ 

267 

91  
494  

(2,103) 
(354) 

(2,194) 
(848) 

(623) 
170  

(2,769) 
(994) 

(2,146)
(1,164)

314 
(43) 
80 
385  
(1,190)
(179) 
(3,839)
(1,540) 
1 Relates to the Macduff acquisition in 2015.  The earn-out liability is an unsecured additional consideration to be paid dependent on the 
future financial performance of Macduff and is recognized at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in the statement of earnings 
(loss). 

(431) 
464  
(1,190) 
(7,576)$ 

(408) 
103  
-  
102  $

365  
282  
(179) 
(1,642) 

(745) 
384  
-  

(3,737) $

$

$

Other income decreased by $1.6 million and $3.8 million in the fourth quarter and year ended December 
31,  2018  primarily  due  to  fair  value  adjustments  on  the  earn-out  liability  and  changes  to  export  rebate 
regulations in Argentina.  

Export rebate  income related to  incentives accrued by  our  Argentine subsidiary  for exports from certain 
economic zones in Argentina.  Effective January 1, 2018, the Argentina government announced a change 
to  the  export  rebate  program  in  response  to  changes  made  by  the  World  Customs  Organization. 
Clearwater  and  other  exporters  are  working  with  the  Argentine  government  to  determine  rebate 
qualifications under the new regulations.   

1 – Refer to discussion on risks and uncertainties 

21 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Research and Development 

Research and development relates to new harvesting, processing and storage technology and research 
into ocean habitats and fishing grounds.  Research and development can vary year to year depending on 
the scope, timing and volume of research completed.  

Income taxes 

Income taxes primarily relate to taxable subsidiaries in Argentina, the United States, the United Kingdom 
and Canada.   

Deferred tax assets are being recognized based on management’s estimate that it is more likely than not 
that Clearwater will earn sufficient taxable profit to utilize these losses.   

The  decrease  in  income  tax  expense  in  the  fourth  quarter  and  full  year  2018  of  $5.1  million  and  $5.9 
million respectively, as compared to the same period for 2017 was primarily due to changes in income in 
foreign tax jurisdictions.   

Earnings (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest 

Non-controlling interest relates to minority share of earnings from Clearwater’s majority investments in a 
shrimp/turbot joint venture and subsidiaries in Argentina and Newfoundland and Labrador. 

The  decrease  in  earnings  attributable  to  non-controlling  interest  of  $2.6  million  in  the  fourth  quarter  of 
2018  relates  primarily  to  lower  available  supply  and  competitive  sales  conditions  for  scallops.  On  an 
annual basis, the decrease was offset by strong landings for FAS shrimp.   

It  is  important  to  note  that  the  earnings  attributable  to  non-controlling  interest  relates  to  the  portion  of 
Clearwater’s  partnerships  owned  by  other  parties.  Income  taxes  are  included  in  earnings  attributable  to 
shareholders  for  Clearwater’s  share  of  partnership  earnings,  whereas  the  earnings  attributable  to  non-
controlling interest are not tax affected. 

Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders 

Earnings  attributable to shareholders  decreased $1.4 million and  $32.0 million in the fourth  quarter and 
full  year  2018  as  compared  to  the  same  periods  of  2017.    The  decline  was  primarily  a  result  of  higher 
unrealized foreign exchange losses on long-term debt and working capital. 

Adjusted Earnings attributable to shareholders 

To assist readers in understanding our earnings we have included a calculation of adjusted earnings with 
Non-IFRS Measures, Definitions and Reconciliations.  Management believes that in addition to earnings 
and  cash  provided  by  operating  activities,  adjusted  earnings  is  a  useful  supplemental  measure  from 
which to determine Clearwater’s earnings from operations and ability to generate cash available for debt 
service, working capital, capital expenditures, income taxes and dividends.  

Adjusted  earnings  attributable  to  shareholders1  increased  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2018  as  compared  to 
2017 primarily due to lower depreciation expense and increased in 2018 by $7.1 million due to realized 
foreign exchange on working capital partially offset by higher depreciation expense in 2018.  

Refer to the section entitled “Non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations” for the definition of 
adjusted earnings and a reconciliation of adjusted earnings to net earnings. 

22 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAPITAL STRUCTURE  AND LIQUIDITY 

Clearwater’s  overall  approach  is  to  have  a  cost-effective  capital  structure  that  supports  growth,  while 
maintaining  flexibility,  reducing  interest  rate  risk  and  reducing  foreign  exchange  risk  by  borrowing  in 
currencies other than the Canadian dollar, when appropriate.  

Clearwater  maintains  flexibility  in  its  capital  structure  by  regularly  reviewing  forecasts  and  multi-year 
business  plans  and  modifying  its  debt  and  equity  facilities  on  a  proactive  basis.    These  changes  can 
include early repayment of debt, issuing or repurchasing shares, issuing new debt, utilizing surplus cash, 
extending the term of or amending existing debt facilities and, selling surplus assets to repay debt. 

The following are key elements of our capital strategy:  

•  Maintain sufficient liquidity to enable continued access to capital to finance operations, including 

investments in innovation and technology and to fund growth;   

•  Target a long-term leverage ratio of 3.0x; 
•  Limit potential foreign exchange volatility in cash flows; and  
•  Generate  strong  cash  flows  from  operations  to  fund  scheduled  loan  payments,  capital 
expenditures  and  distributions  to  non-controlling  interest  and  to  provide  for  sufficient  free  cash 
flow to fund growth-investments and pay a sustainable dividend to its shareholders.  

Management continuously evaluates its capital structure in light of these policies and strategies. 

Capital Structure 

Clearwater’s  capital  structure  includes  a  combination  of  equity  and  various  types  of  debt  facilities.  
Clearwater uses leverage, in particular USD senior unsecured notes, revolving and term debt to lower its 
cost of capital.   

The  amount  of  debt  available  to  Clearwater  under  certain  lending  facilities  is  a  function  of  adjusted 
EBITDA1 attributable to shareholders. Adjusted EBITDA can be impacted by known and unknown risks, 
uncertainties,  and  other  factors  outside  Clearwater’s  control  including,  but  not  limited  to,  total  allowable 
catch levels, selling prices, weather, exchange rates, fuel and other input costs.   

23 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clearwater’s capital structure was as follows as at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: 

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 

Equity 

Share capital 
Contributed surplus 
Deficit 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

$

2018 

2017

215,506  $
4,218 
(38,848)
(36,053) 
144,823 
18,397  
163,220  

333,955  
58,019  
13,637 
3,500  
409,111 

34,177  
112  
34,289  

16,504  

3,513  
463,417  

210,860 
3,021 
(8,722)
(39,730)
165,429 
17,109 
182,538 

306,684 
87,682 
12,215 
3,500 
410,081 

34,466 
167 
34,633 

23,181 

5,278 
473,173 

Non-controlling interest 

Long-term debt 
Senior debt, non-amortizing 

USD senior unsecured notes, due 20251 
Revolving debt, due in 20222 
Term loan, due in 2019 
Term loan, due in 2091 

Senior debt, amortizing 

Term Loan B, due 20223  
Other loans 

Deferred obligation4 
Earnout liability4 
Total long-term debt 

Total capital 

$

626,637  $

655,711 

1. USD senior unsecured notes is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $7 million with a US dollar coupon rate of 
6.875%.  This resulted in an effective interest rate of approximately 7.2%. 

2. The revolving debt is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $2 million resulting in an effective interest rate of 
approximately 4.53%.   As of December 31, 2018, subject to financial covenants, Clearwater may borrow up to an additional CDN 
$90.3 million on the undrawn facility.  The availability on this loan is reduced by the amount outstanding on a USD $10 million non-
amortizing term loan. 
3. Term Loan B is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $0.2 million. As of December 31, 2018, this resulted in an 
effective interest rate of approximately 4.46%. 
4. The Deferred Obligation and Earnout Liability relate to the acquisition of Macduff in 2015. 

Equity 

In  2018,  Clearwater  issued  21,185  common  shares  under  its  share-based  compensation  plans  and 
886,110 common shares under the dividend reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) See Dividends within the section 
titled Review of Cashflows for information regarding the DRIP initiated in 2018. 

Clearwater reserved 2.5 million common shares (December 31, 2018 - 2.5 million remaining) for issuance 
under the share-based compensation plans and 3.0 million (December 31, 2018 - 2.1 million remaining) 
under the DRIP.   

There are 64,841,993 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2018 (December 31, 2017 - 63,934,698). 

24 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt 

As at December 31, 2018 long-term debt includes:  

•  USD $250 million senior unsecured notes, due 2025 with a US dollar coupon rate of 6.875% (“the 
USD Notes”).  Forward foreign exchange contracts are in place to hedge approximately 80% of 
the notional value of the USD Notes at an average rate of 1.2844 and approximately 80% of the 
coupon payments at an  average rate of 1.2830 through to  2022. Clearwater  has applied hedge 
accounting to these forward foreign exchange contracts that hedge coupon payments;  

•  Senior  secured  credit  facilities  consisting  of  a  CDN  $200  million  revolving  credit  facility  and  a 
CDN  $35  million  amortizing  secured  term  loan,  each  maturing  in  2022  (the  “Senior  Secured 
Credit  Facilities”).    The  Senior  Secured  Credit  Facilities  bear  interest  ranging  from  banker’s 
acceptance rate (“BA rate”) plus 1.50% to 2.25% for the revolving credit facility and BA rate plus 
2.50% to 3.25% for the secured term loan. The range is determined quarterly based on a ratio of 
Senior  Secured  indebtedness  to  EBITDA,  with  EBITDA  calculated  on  a  trailing  twelve-month 
basis.    The  revolver  and  Term  Loan  B  are  secured  by  a  first  charge  on  cash  and  cash 
equivalents,  accounts  receivable, 
licences  and  quotas,  and 
Clearwater’s investments in certain subsidiaries; and 

inventory,  marine  vessels, 

•  Other term loans: The term loan maturing in 2019 is for USD $10 million, for a term of 1-year and 
the borrower is a subsidiary in Argentina; this loan is supported by a secured letter of credit.  The 
term loan maturing in 2091 has recourse limited to the asset financed.  

Also  included  in  Clearwater’s  long-term  debt  is  deferred  consideration  related  to  the  acquisition  of 
Macduff in 2015 comprised of a deferred obligation and an earnout liability.   

•  The  Deferred  Obligation  consists  of  deferred  payments  for  33.75%  of  the  shares  of  Macduff 
acquired by Clearwater (the "Earn Out Shares") in 2015. The principal balance outstanding as at 
December  31,  2018  was  £10.5  million  (CDN  $18.3  million)  (December  31,  2017  -  £15.7  million 
(CDN  $26.5  million))  and  does  not  bear  interest.  The  Deferred  Obligation  is  recorded  at  the 
discounted amount based on estimated timing of payment and is being accreted to the principal 
amount  over  the  estimated  term  using  the  effective  interest  method  with  an  effective  average 
interest  rate  of  7.44%.    On  October  30th  of  each  year,  the  holders  of  the  Earn  Out  Shares  can 
elect  to  be  paid  up  to  20%  of  the  original  Deferred  Obligation  amount.  Beginning  in  2017, 
Clearwater had the right to exercise the payout of 20% of the Deferred Obligation annually.  

•  The  holders  of  the  Earn  Out  Shares  elected  to  be  paid  20%  of  the  Deferred  Obligation  in  both 
2018 and 2017 resulting in payments of £5.2 million (CDN - $8.9 million) and £5.2 million (CDN - 
$8.8 million) in November 2018 and November 2017, respectively. 

•  The  Earnout  liability  is  unsecured  additional  consideration  to  be  paid  dependent  upon  the 
financial performance of Macduff and the percentage of Deferred Obligation remaining unpaid at 
the time of payment.  The estimated fair value of the Earnout liability at December 31, 2018 was 
£2.0  million  (CDN  -  $3.5  million)  (December  31,  2017  -  £3.1  million,  CDN  -  $5.3  million).  The 
Earnout liability is recorded at fair value on the consolidated statement of financial position.  See 
the consolidated financial statements for terms and valuation of the Earnout liability. 

Excluding  deferred  consideration  and  the  related  earnout  liability,  Clearwater  has  effectively  fixed  the 
interest rate on 76% percent of its debt as at December 31, 2018. 

Clearwater’s debt facilities are subject to certain financial and non-financial covenants.  Clearwater is in 
compliance with all covenants associated with its debt facilities.   

25 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Liquidity 

Capital Requirements 

Clearwater’s business experiences a predictable seasonal pattern in which sales, margins and adjusted 
EBITDA are lower in the first half of the year and higher in the second half, while investments in capital 
expenditures and working capital are typically higher in the first half of the year and lower in the second 
half. This typically results in lower cash flows, higher debt balances and higher leverage in the first half of 
the year and higher cash flows, lower debt balances and lower leverage in the second half.   

We  schedule  ongoing  capital  expenditure  programs  to  maintain  the  operating  capacity  of  our  assets  at 
existing  levels,  which  we  refer  to  as  maintenance  capital,  which  are  typically  funded  by  operating  cash 
flows.   

Sources of Liquidity 

Our primary sources of liquidity to fund current operations, seasonal operations, seasonal working capital 
demands, capital expenditures, and other commitments consists of:  

•  Cash flow from operating activities;  
•  Cash on deposit; and  
•  $200 million revolving loan. 

As of December 31, 2018, Clearwater had $35.9 million in cash, and $90.3 million available to draw down 
on its revolving facility.    

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 
Cash 
Availability on revolving credit facility 
Sources of liquidity 

Leverage1 

$

2018 
35,887  $
90,254 
126,141  

2017 
35,514  $
55,806 
91,320  

2016
39,514 
63,159 
102,673 

Leverage  as  at  December  31,  2018  was  4.7x  as  compared  to  5.0x  as  at  December  31,  2017.    Strong 
generation of cash from operations and a reduction in capital expenditures following the completion of the 
fleet renewal program in 2017, enabled at $28.3 million reduction in net debt which more than offset the 
decrease in adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders.  

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 
Adjusted EBITDA1 attributable to shareholders 

Net Debt2,3,4 (excluding non-controlling interest) 
Leverage 
1 Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations 

2018 

2017 

2016

$

88,175  $

89,156  $

98,446 

418,455  
4.7  

446,771  
5.0  

411,724 
4.2 

2 Debt as at December 31 and December 31, 2017 has been adjusted to include USD $200 million forward foreign exchange 
contracts at an average contracted rate of 1.2844. (December 31, 2016 - USD $75 million cross-currency swap at contracted rates 
of 1.3235). 

3 Debt is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $9.2 million (December 31, 2017 - $10.0 million; December 31, 2016 - 
$2.0 million).  
4 Net debt is adjusted for cash attributable to shareholders. 

Clearwater’s leverage measure is based on the ratio of adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders to 
its outstanding debt, net of cash balances.  Clearwater’s longer-term goal is a leverage ratio of 3.0x. 

26 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leverage is not a recognized measure under IFRS, and therefore is unlikely to be comparable to similar 
measures  presented  by  other  companies.  Management  believes  leverage  to  be  a  useful  term  when 
discussing  liquidity  and  as  a  measure  frequently  analyzed  for  public  companies,  Clearwater  has 
calculated the amount to assist readers in this review.  Leverage should not be construed as a measure 
of cash flows. 

Foreign Exchange Management  

Clearwater has a foreign exchange risk management program which limits cash flow volatility arising from 
foreign currency cash flows. Clearwater currently uses forward contracts to lock-in foreign exchange rates 
up  to  18  months  for  anticipated  sales  and  long-term  debt  related  hedges  extend  through  to  2022.  A 
reduction in volatility from currency exposures improves earnings predictability. 

As of December 31, 2018, Clearwater had forward exchange contracts outstanding:  

Currency 
USD to CDN 
Yen to CDN 
Euro to CDN 
Euro to GBP 
CDN to USD 

Forecasted transaction 
Sales 
Sales 
Sales 
Sales 
Debt 

Notional (millions)
121.7 
3,324.7 
38.6 
32.4 
248.1 

Average rate
1.2975 
0.0120 
1.5637 
0.9007 
1.2841 

Refer  to  the  section  entitled  Risks  and  Uncertainties  for  a  comprehensive  discussion  of  Clearwater’s 
foreign exchange exposure and strategy to manage foreign exchange risk.  

27 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
REVIEW OF CASHFLOWS 

Clearwater endeavors to generate strong cash flows  from operations to fund scheduled loan payments, 
capital expenditures and distributions to non-controlling interests and to provide sufficient free cash flow 
to fund growth investments and pay a sustainable dividend to its shareholders. 

The following table summarizes information about Clearwater’s cash flows:  

In 000's of Canadian dollars 

13 weeks ended
December 31
2017 

2018

2018

Year Ended
December 31
2016

2017  

Cash from (used in) operating activities 
Cash from (used in) financing activities 
Cash from (used in) investing activities 
Free cash flow1,2 

$ 

45,836 $ 
(32,705) 
(4,360) 

42,664 $ 
(27,734) 
(22,691) 

76,487 $ 
(60,617) 
(16,701) 

58,141 $ 
22,665  
(85,516) 

63,040 
(12,666)
(55,873)

$ 

32,651 $ 

22,252 $ 

45,206 $ 

(8,428)$ 

1,502 

Supplemental cash flow information 

$ 

3,057 $ 

Changes in working capital3 
  Decrease (increase) in inventory 
  (Decrease) increase in accounts payable 
  Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable 
  Decrease (increase)  in prepaids 
  (Decrease) increase in income tax payable 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Cash dividends paid on common shares4 
1 Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations. 
2 Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities, less planned capital expenditures (net of debt designated to fund 
such expenditures), scheduled payments on long-term debt and distributions to non-controlling interests.  Discretionary items such 
as debt refinancing and repayments, changes in the revolving loan and discretionary financing and investing activities are excluded 
from free cash flow. 
3 Changes in working capital have been restated to align with the change in presentation of cash interest and cash income taxes 
paid in the consolidated statement of cash flows.  This change had no impact on cash from operations. 

31,139 $ 
35,206  
(8,948) 
7,067  
(2,179) 
(7) 
(2,638) 
(1,849)$ 

12,615  
9,369  
(22,043) 
188  
2,928  
(85,431) 
(12,787)$ 

34,715 $ 
48,116  
(2,487) 
(11,177) 
1,838  
(1,575) 
(25,350) 

9,699 $ 
8,021  
(8,252) 
18,574  
(3,108) 
(5,536) 
(19,124) 

(16,547)
(22,030)
(7,785)
3,775 
4,953 
4,540 
(56,332)
(12,388)

(8,299)$ 

(3,197)$ 

$ 

4 Net of the dividend reinvestment plan. 

Cash flow from Operating Activities 

For  2018,  cash  generated  from  operations  of  $76.5  million  was  a  record  for  the  Company  increasing 
$18.3  million  from  the  prior  year  driven  by  a  lower  investment  in  working  capital,  including  net  foreign 
exchange  gains  on  working  capital,  and  lower  income  tax  expense,  partially  offset  by  one-time 
restructuring  costs  paid  in  2018.  The  fourth  quarter  of  2018  generated  strong  cash  from  operations  of 
$45.8 million driven by operating performance and reduction in working capital investment of $31.1 million 
in  the  quarter. Working  capital  improvements  resulted  from  timing  of  sales,  improved  collection  periods 
compared to prior year and lower inventory levels, due to less procurement of species with lower margins 
and reductions in clam inventory from peak levels. 

Cash flow from Financing Activities 

For 2018, cash was used in financing activities to repay $30.2 million of the revolving credit facility, fund 
distributions  to  non-controlling  interests  and  dividends  paid  on  common  shares.    In  2017  financing  was 
raised to support capital expenditure programs. 

28 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash Flow from Investing Activities  

Cash  used  in  investing  activities  decreased  in  2018  with  declines  in  capital  expenditures  following  the 
completion of the fleet renewal program in 2017. 

Free Cash Flow1 

Free  cash  flows  of  $45.2  million  for  the  year  and  $32.7  million  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2018  increased 
$53.6  million  and  $10.4  million  respectively,  compared  to  the  same  periods  in  2017  primarily  due  to 
significant reductions in capital expenditures following the fleet renewal program completed in 2017 and 
strong cash from operations.   

Certain  large  investments  in  longer  term  assets such as  vessel  conversion  and  acquisitions  are  funded 
with long-term capital including amortizing term loans. As a result, Clearwater adds the funding on those 
capital expenditures in the determination of free cash flows and deducts the related debt borrowings. 

Changes in working capital  

Clearwater  is  manages  working  capital  within  cash  from  operations  and  free  cash  flow.    Clearwater 
manages  trade  receivables  through  a  combination  of  tight  collection  terms  and,  when  appropriate, 
discounting.    Clearwater  has  a  policy  of  utilizing  a  combination  of  credit  reporting  agencies,  credit 
insurance, letters of credit and secured forms of payment to mitigate customer and country specific credit 
risk.    As  a  result,  Clearwater  does  not  have  any  significant  concentration  of  credit  risk.  Clearwater 
manages  its  investment  in  inventories  through  detailed  review  of  supply  and  production  plans  versus 
sales  forecasts,  and  through  continuous  improvements  in  the  integration  of  its  fleet  and  sales  plans.  
From  time-to-time,  Clearwater  enters  into  transactions  to  sell  selected  accounts  receivables  to  a 
commercial  partner  without  recourse.    Sale  of  receivables  during  the  period  represented  less  than  5 
percent of consolidated sales. 

Purchase of Property Plant and Equipment  

Clearwater manages capital spending within cash from investing activities and free cash flow.  Clearwater 
evaluates  investments  in  property,  plant,  equipment  and  licences  as  either  return  on  investment  or 
maintenance  capital  and  tracks  each  project  accordingly.  Significant  expenditures  that  are  expected  to 
have a return in excess of the cost of capital are classified as ROI, and all refits and expenditures that are 
expected to return less than the average cost of capital are classified as maintenance.   

On  average,  Clearwater  expects  to  invest  approximately  $20-25  million  a  year  in  maintaining  its  fixed 
assets  with  repairs  and  maintenance  capital.    In  2019,  Clearwater  expects  to  invest  between  $25-$30 
million in capital projects relating to vessel refits and land-based supply chain infrastructure. 

Dividends 

On March 7, 2019 the Board of Directors approved and declared a dividend of $0.05 per share payable 
on April 1, 2019 to shareholders of record as of March 18, 2019. 

On February 15, 2018 the Board approved a DRIP effective February 23, 2018 to provide shareholders of 
Clearwater  who  are  resident  in  Canada  with  the  option  to  have  the  cash  dividends  declared  on  the 
common shares of Clearwater reinvested automatically back into additional shares, without the payment 
of  brokerage  commissions  or  service  charges.  The  DRIP  program  was  effective  for  the  payment  of  the 
fourth quarter 2017 dividend paid on April 2, 2018 and expects to continue until further notice.  

29 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  making  the  determination  of  dividend  levels  Clearwater's  Board  gives  consideration  to  several  key 
principles including: 

•  expected future earnings;  
• 
• 
• 

free cash flows that should be retained to reinvest in the business;  
the assurance that all obligations can be met with respect to existing loan agreements; and  
the  desire  to  increase  the  dividend  in  the  future  as  the  business  continues  to  grow  and 
expand.  

The Board will continue to review Clearwater’s dividend policy on a regular basis to ensure the dividend 
level remains consistent with the policy.   

These dividends are eligible dividends as defined for the purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada) and 
applicable  provincial  legislation and, therefore, qualify for the favorable  tax treatment applicable to such 
dividends. 

Commitments   

In the normal course of business, Clearwater is obligated to make future payments, including contractual 
obligations for non-derivative and derivative financial instruments, operating leases and other 
commitments. The table includes undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities, operating leases and 
other commitments, interest and principal cash flows based on the earliest date on which Clearwater is 
required to pay. 

December 31, 2018 
Interest - long-term debt 
Principal repayments - long-term 
debt  

Carrying 
Amount 

Total 
Contractual 
Cash Flow 

$ 

- $ 

182,056 $ 

  2020 

2019 
27,951 $  27,561  $ 

  2022 

2021 
27,545 $  24,989 $ 

2023 
23,719 $ 

  >2024 

50,291 

463,417  

463,417  

23,269  

10,080   

1,467  

91,146  

-  

337,455 

Total long-term debt  

463,417  

645,473  

51,220  

37,641   

29,012   116,135  

23,719  

387,746 

Trade and other payables 
Operating leases and other 
Capital and maintenance projects 
Derivative financial instruments - 
liabilities 

70,507  
-  
-  

70,507  
10,501  
262  

70,507  
4,882  
262  

-   
2,874   
-   

-  
1,258  
-  

-  
687  
-  

-  
270  
-  

10,463  

10,463  

9,966  

497   

-  

-  

-  

- 
530 
- 

- 

$  544,387 $ 

737,206 $  136,837 $  41,012  $ 

30,270 $  116,822 $ 

23,989 $  388,276 

Included in the above commitments for “operating leases and other” are amounts to which Clearwater is 
committed directly -  and indirectly through its partnerships - for various licences and  lease agreements, 
office,  machinery  and  vehicle  leases,  and  vessel  and  equipment  commitments.    These  commitments 
require approximate minimum annual payments in each of the next five years as shown above.  

Also  included  in  commitments  for  operating  leases  and  other,  are  (i)  amounts  to  be  paid  to  a  company 
controlled by a director of Clearwater over a period of years ending in 2020 for vehicle and office leases, 
which aggregate approximately $0.04 million (2017 - $0.07 million). 

30 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
OUTLOOK 

In 2019, we expect balanced growth across multiple species and regions led by Asia-Pacific and driven 
by  increased  volume  and  significant  new  product  introductions  including  new  products  in  clam,  sea 
cucumber  and  whelk  as  well  as  a  full  year  offering  of  live  crab.  Continued  innovation  throughout  our 
global supply chain on land and sea will reduce cost and increase the productivity of our asset base while 
continuing to enable product diversification in response to changing consumer trends. 

Clearwater will continue de-leveraging activities in 2019, prioritizing cash generation, cost savings, margin 
improvement, further inventory reductions and lower capital expenditures.  The resulting cash generation 
will be used to reduce debt and leverage throughout 2019. 

Clearwater’s  access  to  the  full  clam  total  allowable  catch  (“TAC”)  for  2019  and  a  FAS  shrimp  harvest 
unrestricted by vessel refits will be met with the continuing competitive conditions for scallop associated 
with higher worldwide supply. 

In 2017, with full access to the clam quota and three harvesting vessels, Clearwater harvested 100% of 
the TAC and reported clam sales of $109.2 million.  

Clearwater’s core fisheries are managed for long-term sustainability. We have taken and will continue to 
pursue  timely  and  carefully  considered  measures  in  response  to  near-term  challenges  including; 
adjustments to harvest plans, pricing and distribution strategies, and cost and working capital reductions. 
These  measures  will  generate  strong  cash  flows  from  operations,  reduce  debt  and  leverage,  yield  a 
higher return on assets and generate positive returns to shareholder value. 

Global  demand  for  seafood  is  being  driven  by  growing  worldwide  population,  shifting  consumer  tastes 
towards healthier diets, and rising purchasing power of middle-class consumers in emerging economies. 
The  supply  of  wild  seafood  is  limited  and  is  expected  to  continue  to  lag  behind  the  growing  global 
demand.  This supply-demand imbalance has created a marketplace in which purchasers of seafood are 
increasingly willing to pay a premium to suppliers that can provide consistent quality and food safety, wide 
diversity and reliable delivery of premium, wild, sustainably harvested seafood. 

Clearwater is well positioned to take advantage of this opportunity with its proprietary licences, premium 
product quality, diversity of species, global sales footprint and year-round harvest and delivery capability. 

31 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES   

The  performance  of  Clearwater’s  business  is  susceptible  to  a  number  of  risks  which  affect  income, 
liquidity  and  cash  flow,  including  risks  related  to  resource  supply,  food  processing  and  product  liability, 
suppliers,  customers,  competition  and  foreign  exchange  exposure  and  lawsuits  in  the  normal  course  of 
business.    For  further  disclosure  of  additional  risk  factors  please  refer  to  the  Annual  Information  Form, 
which is available on Sedar at www.sedar.com as well as Clearwater’s website at www.clearwater.ca.  

Foreign exchange risk  

Clearwater’s financial results are subject to volatility as a result of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.   

The majority of Clearwater’s sales are to locations outside Canada and are transacted in currencies other 
than  the  Canadian  dollar  whereas  the  majority  of  its  expenses  are  in  Canadian  dollars.    As  a  result, 
fluctuations in the foreign exchange rates of these currencies can have a material impact on the financial 
condition  and  operating  results.    In  addition,  Clearwater  has  subsidiaries  which  operate  in  the  offshore 
scallop  fishery  in  Argentina  and  in  the  UK  which  exposes  Clearwater  to  changes  in  the  value  of  the 
Argentine Peso and GBP. 

Risks associated with foreign exchange are partially mitigated by the following strategies: 

(1)  Diversify  sales  internationally  which  reduces  the  impact  of  any  country-specific  economic 

risks.  

(2)  Execute on pricing strategies so as to offset the impact of exchange rates.  
(3)  Limit  the  amount  of  long-term  sales  contracts  –  Clearwater  has  very  few  long-term  sales 
contracts with any customers.  Contracts are typically less than 6 months and are based on 
list prices that provide a margin for exchange rate fluctuations.  

(4)   Plan  conservatively  -  Clearwater  regularly  reviews  economist  estimates  of  future  exchange   

rates and uses conservative estimates when managing its business, and 

(5)  Foreign exchange hedging program – a portfolio of forward contracts enables Clearwater to 
lock in exchange rates for up to 18 months for key sales currencies (the US dollar, Euro, Yen 
and GBP) thereby lowering the potential volatility in cash flows through derivative contracts.   

In 2018 approximately 44.8% of Clearwater’s sales and 75% of long-term debt were denominated in US 
dollars. 

Based on 2018 sales and excluding the impact of its hedging program, 

•  a change of 0.01 in the US dollar rate converted to Canadian dollars would result in a $2.0 million 

change in sales;   

•  a  change  of  0.01  in  the  GBP  rate  converted  to  Canadian  dollars  would  result  in  a  $0.3  million 

change in sales;    

•  a change of 0.01 in the Euro rate as converted to Canadian dollars would result in a $1.0 million 

change in sales; and 

•  a change of 0.0005 in the Yen rate as converted to Canadian dollars would result in a $2.2 million 

change in sales. 

32 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Political risk 

Our  operations  and  investments  are  subject  to  economic  and  political  risks,  which  could  materially  and 
adversely affect our business.  

These  risks  include  fluctuations  in  foreign  exchange  rates,  expropriation  of  our  assets,  nationalization, 
renegotiation, forced divestiture, modification or nullification of our contracts and changes in foreign laws 
or other regulatory policies of foreign or domestic governments and having to submit to the jurisdiction of 
a foreign court or arbitration panel or having to enforce the judgment of a foreign court or arbitration panel 
against a sovereign nation within its own territory.  Specific risks by country are described below. 

Canada  
Clearwater  was  a  pioneer  in  the  development  of  the  clam  fishery,  which  began  in  1986.   Clearwater 
purchased its licences and quota with the consent of the DFO and has invested hundreds of millions of 
dollars to develop the fishery and the market, including $156 million from 2015 through 2017.  

On  September  6,  2017,  the  DFO  announced  the  introduction  of  a  fourth  Arctic  Surf  Clam  licence 
representing  25  percent  of  the  existing  TAC  to  be  awarded  to  a  new  entrant  effective  2018.    The 
announcement  of  the  introduction  of  a  fourth  Arctic  Surf  Clam  licence  represented  a  departure  from 
historical Canadian policy. On August 10, 2018, the DFO canceled the process to issue the fourth licence 
and confirmed that the remaining 25 percent of the  clam quota  would  be  issued to Clearwater for 2018 
and 2019.  

The  DFO  also  signalled  their  intent  to  initiate  a  new  process  in  the  spring  of  2019  whereby  an 
independent  third  party  would  be  employed  to  assess  and  evaluate  expressions  of  interest  with  the 
objective  of  identifying  a  new  Indigenous  licence  holder.  Clearwater  intends  to  participate  in  the  new 
process in partnership with Indigenous communities.  

Argentina 
Our  operations  in  Argentina  may  be  negatively  affected  by  foreign  exchange  and  restrictions  on  the 
repatriation of dividends as well as the increased cost and risks of doing business in developing markets.  
There are currently no restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.  

We mitigate these risks through maintaining a policy of repatriating our share of earnings from Argentina 
through dividends and we do not maintain any material financial assets that are surplus to our needs to 
operate the business outside of Canada. In addition, we have structured our operations in Argentina with 
an Argentine partner who owns 14% and is active in managing the business.  

United Kingdom 
On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom (“UK”) voted to leave the European Union (“EU”). On March 29, 
2017,  the  Prime  Minister  of  the  UK  filed  notice  of  intention  to  leave  the  EU  triggering  the  process  to 
negotiate the terms of the withdrawal and the country’s future relationship with the EU. Under the Lisbon 
Treaty,  the  negotiations  of  the  terms  of  departure  are  required  to  be  concluded  within  two  years  from 
giving notice.  Full discussions related to the future economic partnership agreements began in July 2018.   

The  UK  Parliament  has  yet  to  accept  the  Withdrawal  Agreement  between  the  EU  and  the  UK 
Government.  Ongoing negotiations are likely to result in a transition period which will provide stability and 
status quo during an implementation period concluding on December 31, 2020.   

Any  impacts  to  Clearwater  are  not  yet  known  although  the  UK  Government  white  paper  proposes  a 
mechanism  for  free  and  frictionless  trade  of  goods  between  the  UK  and  EU,  as  well  as  outlining 
government plans for establishing free trade agreements with the rest of the world. 

33 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The UK is clear that access to waters should be decided at annual fisheries negotiations and not linked to 
trade arrangements. Sustainability, industry leadership and cost recovery form the basis of the fisheries 
white paper,  which  indicates that the  UK acknowledges the reciprocal access to  waters is  important for 
both the UK and EU.  

for  shellfisheries  and  processing; 

As a business, we are taking a fully participative, active and advisory role in all preparatory government 
working  groups 
fisheries  access  and 
immigration/labour  related  matters.    Furthermore,  the  removal  of  EU  fisheries  legislation  provides  an 
opportunity to redesign fisheries management systems in the UK over the longer term. The Company is 
engaging with the UK and devolved governments to engage in policy discussion for future management 
measures for shellfish fisheries focusing on conservation science, sustainability, quality, health and safety 
and fair labour practices.  The Company expects to be able to assess, manage and plan for any impacts 
to the business through our involvement in the negotiations and their outputs.   

looking  at 

trade, 

United States 
NAFTA  was  a  comprehensive  trade  agreement  that  set  the  rules  of  trade  and  investment  between 
Canada,  the  United  States,  and  Mexico.  The  agreement  entered  into  force  on  January  1,  1994  and 
systematically eliminated most tariff and non-tariff barriers to free trade and investment between the three 
NAFTA countries.  

On September 30, 2018, NAFTA was replaced with a new tentative agreement named the United States-
Mexico-Canada  Agreement  (“USMCA”)  which  must  be  ratified  by  the  member  countries  before  coming 
into effect. Clearwater is not expected to be impacted by the changes under the USMCA. Approximately 
14.5% of total sales for 2018 were in the United States.   

Management  will  continue  to  review,  assess  and  monitor  for  any  changes  to  USMCA  that  could 
significantly impact Clearwater until the agreement is ratified.   

Asia Pacific 
On  March  8,  2018  the  Comprehensive  and  Progressive  Agreement  for  Trans-Pacific  Partnership 
(“CPTPP”) was signed.  The CPTPP has created an eleven country trading block including Canada, and 
representing  495  million  people,  with  a  combined  gross  domestic  product  of  $13.5  trillion  or  13.5%  of 
global GDP.  

Resource supply risk   

A  material  change  in  the  population  and  biomass  of  scallop,  lobster,  clam,  langoustine,  crab,  whelk  or 
coldwater  shrimp  stocks  in  the  fisheries  in  which  we  operate  would  materially  and  adversely  affect  our 
business. 

Clearwater’s business is dependent on the state of the targeted shellfish stocks, with limitations on catch 
levels determined by annual TAC, effort restrictions and other technical measures.  The annual TACs are 
generally related to the health of the stock of the particular species as measured by a scientific survey of 
the resources.   

The  population  and  biomass  of  shellfish  stocks  are  subject  to  natural  fluctuations  some  of  which  are 
beyond  our  control  and  which  may  be  exacerbated  by  factors  such  as  water  temperatures,  food 
availability,  the  presence  of  predators,  disease,  disruption  in  the  food  chain,  reproductive  problems  or 
other biological issues. Supply and quality of supply can also be influenced by man-made factors such as 
oil spills and pollution. We are unable to fully predict the timing and extent of fluctuations in the population 
and biomass of the shellfish stocks we harvest and process, and we therefore may not be able to engage 
in  effective  measures  to  alleviate  the  adverse  effects  of  these  fluctuations.  In  addition,  the  population 
models utilized by scientists evaluating the fisheries in which we operate are constantly evolving. Certain  

34 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
changes  in  the  population  models  could  negatively  impact  future  biomass  estimates.  Any  material 
reduction  in  the  population  and  biomass  or  TAC  of  the  stocks  from  which  we  source  seafood  would 
materially and adversely affect our business. Any material increase in the population and biomass or TAC 
could dramatically reduce the market price of any of our products. 

The source of all Clearwater’s supply  of products comes from fisheries in Canada, the United  Kingdom 
and  Argentina.  The  governments  of  Canada,  the  UK  and  EU  and  Argentina  set  the  annual  TAC  and/or 
define  fishing  regulations  for  each  species  by  reviewing  scientific  studies  of  the  resource  and  then 
consulting with key stakeholders including Clearwater and its competitors to determine acceptable catch 
levels.  The  potentially  differing  interests  of  our  competitors  may  result  in  conflicting  positions  on  issues 
around  resource  management,  including  the  establishment  of  TACs  and  other  management  measures 
potentially  limiting  our  ability  to  grow,  to  fully  capitalize  on  our  investments  in  harvesting  capacity,  or  to 
achieve targeted yields from the resource, which may adversely affect our financial condition and results 
of operations. 

Resource supply risk is managed through adherence with government policies and regulations related to 
fishing in Canada, Argentina and the UK and Clearwater’s investment in science and technology, which 
enables  Clearwater  to  understand  the  species  that  it  harvests.  Clearwater  has  invested  in  projects  with 
the scientific community, such as ocean floor mapping and the resource assessment surveys to  ensure 
access to the best available science information. Resource management plans, developed by DFO, are 
developed  through  an  open  and  transparent  process  with  strong  input  from  industry  participants. 
Clearwater engages in these processes to promote best in class, robust, and sustainable management of 
the  resource.  The  MSC  certification  of  all  our  core  species  demonstrates  that  the  resources  that 
Clearwater  harvests  meet  the  leading  global  standard  for  sustainable  fisheries  management  practice. 
Clearwater  further  mitigates  the  risk  associated  with  resource  supply  and  competition  through  the 
diversification across species. 

Contingent Liabilities   

From time to time Clearwater is subject to claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of operations. 
In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of such pending legal proceedings will not have a 
material effect on Clearwater’s consolidated financial position. 

Other risks 

For further disclosure of additional risk factors please refer to the Annual Information Form. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

Clearwater’s  critical  accounting  policies  are  those  that  are  important  to  the  portrayal  of  Clearwater’s 
financial position and operations and may require management to make judgments based on underlying 
estimates  and  assumptions  about  future  events  and  their  effects.   These  estimates  can  include  but  are 
not  limited  to  estimates  regarding  inventory  valuation,  accounts  receivable  valuation  allowances, 
estimates  of  expected  useful  lives  of  vessels  and  plant  facilities,  and  estimates  of  future  cash  flows  for 
impairment  tests.    Underlying  estimates  and  assumptions  are  based  on  historical  experience  and  other 
factors  that  are  believed  by  management  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances.    These  estimates 
and  assumptions  are  subject  to  change  as  new  events  occur,  as  more  experience  is  acquired,  as 
additional  information  is  obtained,  and  as  the  operating  environment  changes.    Clearwater  has 
considered  recent  market  conditions  including  changes  to  its  cost  of  capital  in  making  these  estimates.  
Refer to the notes to the annual financial statements for a complete listing of critical accounting policies 
and estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. 

35 | P a g e  

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disclosure Controls and Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting   

The  Management  of  Clearwater,  with  the  participation  of  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  (“CEO”)  and  the 
Chief  Financial  Officer  (“CFO”)  (collectively  “Management”),  is  responsible  for  establishing  and 
maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (“DC&P”)  and  internal  controls  over  financial  reporting 
(“ICFR”), as those terms are defined in National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ 
Annual and Interim Filings.  

Based on management’s evaluation, the CEO and the CFO have concluded that DC&P and ICFR were 
effective as of December 31, 2018. 

There  have  been  no  changes  to  controls  during  the  quarter  ended  December  31,  2018  that  have 
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Clearwater’s ICFR. 

Adoption of new and revised standards 

The  IASB  has  issued  the  following  standard  that  has  not  been  applied  in  preparing  these  consolidated 
financial statements as its effective date falls within annual periods beginning subsequent to the current 
reporting period. 

IFRS 16 Leases 

On  January  13,  2016,  the  IASB  issued  IFRS  16  Leases.  This  standard  introduces  a  single  lessee 
accounting  model  and  requires  a  lessee  to  recognize  assets  and  liabilities  for  all  leases  with  a  term  of 
more  than  12  months,  unless  the  underlying  asset  is  of  low  value.  A  lessee  is  required  to  recognize  a 
right-of-use  asset  representing  its  right  to  use  the  underlying  asset  and  a  lease  liability  representing  its 
obligation  to  make  lease  payments.  This  standard  substantially  carries  forward  the  lessor  accounting 
requirements of IAS 17, while requiring enhanced disclosures to be provided by lessors. Other areas of 
the  lease  accounting  model  have  been  impacted,  including  the  definition  of  a  lease.  Transitional 
provisions have been provided.  

The  Company  will  adopt  IFRS  16  beginning  on  January  1,  2019  and  has  elected  to  apply  the  modified 
retrospective  approach  on  transition.    Clearwater  currently  leases  office  space,  machinery,  wharves, 
equipment and vehicles. Clearwater will not see a material impact on net income as a result of the new 
lease  standard  and  interest  and  depreciation  will  largely  offset  the  amounts  previously  reported  as 
operating  expense.    The  standard  will  have  an  impact  on  its  key  performance  measures,  including 
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, leverage and return on assets.   

Related Party Transactions 

Clearwater transacts in the normal course of business with related parties.  The details are as follows for 
the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2017: 

Clearwater rents office space to and provides computer support network services to CFFI Ventures Inc. 
(“CVI”), a related party. The net amount due from CVI in respect of these transactions was nil (December 
31, 2017 – $0.04 million).  Any amounts outstanding are unsecured and due on demand.  

For the year ended December 31, 2018, Clearwater recorded net expense of approximately $0.2 million 
for providing computer support network services to and receiving goods and services from companies 
related to CVI (December 31, 2017 - net revenue of $0.06 million). The transactions are recorded at the 
exchange amount and the balance due from these companies was $0.1 million as at December 31, 2018 
(December 31, 2017 - $0.07 million due to). 

36 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS 

The following table provides historical data for the ten most recently completed quarters. 

In 000's of Canadian dollars 

$

Fiscal 2018 
Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders1 
Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders 
Earnings (loss) per share  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share2 
Weighted average shares outstanding3 

Fiscal 2017 
Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders1 
Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders 
Earnings (loss) per share  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share 
Weighted average shares outstanding 

$

First 
Quarter 

Second 
Quarter 

Third 
Quarter 

Fourth
Quarter

120,072  $
19,114 
14,933 
(13,758)
(0.22)
(0.22)
63,935,153 

148,142  $
30,501 
26,147 
(923)
(0.01)
(0.01)
64,154,263 

164,225  $
30,686 
25,373 
10,818 
0.17 
0.17 
64,417,905 

159,807 
24,090 
21,722 
(12,340)
(0.19)
(0.19)
64,676,360 

128,367  $
19,767 
15,798 
2,172 
0.03 
0.03 
63,934,698 

154,302  $
27,542 
23,550 
9,489 
0.15 
0.15 
63,934,698 

163,597  $
32,797 
26,961 
15,054 
0.24 
0.24 
63,934,698 

174,766 
28,490 
22,846 
(10,956)
(0.17)
(0.17)
63,934,698 

$

Fiscal 2016 
Sales 
Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA attributable to shareholders1 
Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders 
Earnings (loss) per share  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share 
Weighted average shares outstanding 
1 Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations 
3 In 2018, Clearwater implemented a Dividend Reinvestment Plan and issued shares under the share-based compensation plans. 

189,457  $
45,158 
36,795 
10,847 
0.17 
0.17 
63,934,698 

140,180  $
27,454 
21,811 
9,962 
0.16 
0.16 
60,439,577 

116,225  $
18,864 
14,761 
14,507 
0.24 
0.24 
59,958,998 

165,690 
29,461 
25,079 
8,611 
0.14 
0.14 
63,934,698 

For  a  more  detailed  analysis  of  each  quarter’s  results,  please  refer  to  our  quarterly  reports  and  annual 
reports. 

Due  to  seasonality,  sales  generally  increase  with  each  successive  quarter  with  the  highest  revenues  in 
the second half of each year.  

Volatility in exchange rates can have a significant impact on earnings.  The volatility is partially offset by 
Clearwater’s foreign exchange management program. 

37 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NON- IFRS MEASURES, DEFINITIONS AND RECONCILIATIONS 

Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”) 

Adjusted EBITDA is not a recognized measure under IFRS, and therefore is unlikely to be comparable to 
similar measures presented by other companies.  Management believes that in addition to net earnings 
and cash provided by operating activities, adjusted EBITDA is a useful supplemental measure from which 
to  determine  Clearwater’s  ability  to  generate  cash  available  for  debt  service,  working  capital,  capital 
expenditures,  income  taxes  and  dividends.    In  addition,  as  adjusted  EBITDA  is  a  measure  frequently 
analyzed  for  public  companies,  Clearwater  has  calculated  adjusted  EBITDA  to  assist  readers  in  this 
review.    Adjusted  EBITDA  should  not  be  construed  as  an  alternative  to  net  earnings  determined  in 
accordance with IFRS as a measure of liquidity, or as a measure of cash flows. 

Adjusted  EBITDA  is  defined  as  EBITDA  excluding  extraordinary,  non-operating,  non-recurring  or  non-
routine  items  that  are  unusual  and  are  deemed  not  to  be  a  part  of  normal  operations  of  the  business.  
Items that are excluded from adjusted EBITDA include restructuring and reorganization expenses, gains 
and  losses  on  investment  activities,  costs  associated  with  acquisitions  to  the  extent  not  capitalized, 
financing  and  refinancing  costs,  net  gains  on  insurance  claims  and  share-based  compensation.    In 
addition,  recurring  accounting  gains  and  losses  on  foreign  exchange  (other  than  realized  gains  and 
losses  on  forward  exchange  contracts),  have  been  excluded  from  the  calculation  of  Adjusted  EBITDA.  
Unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  forward  exchange  contracts  relate  to  economic  hedging  on  future 
operational transactions and by adjusting for them, the results more closely reflect the economic effect of 
the hedging relationships in the period to which they relate. 

38 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Reconciliation of net earnings (loss) to adjusted EBITDA for the 13 weeks and year ended December 31, 
2018, December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. 

Earnings (loss) 
Add (deduct): 

Income taxes 

$

  Taxes and depreciation for equity investment 
  Depreciation and amortization 

Interest on long-term debt and bank charges 

Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and 
amortization 

$

Add (deduct) other items: 

Unrealized foreign exchange and derivative loss 
(gain) 

  Fair market value on long-term debt 

Realized foreign exchange loss (gain) on 
working capital 

  Restructuring and refinancing costs  

13 weeks ended 

December 31 December 31 December 31
2018
(3,706) $

2018
(10,556) $

2017
(6,551) $

Year Ended 
December 31
2017
28,239  $

December 31
2016
59,596 

(621)
(874)
12,479 
7,496 

4,461 
(57)
15,850 
7,831 

1,740 
476 
48,843 
30,246 

7,659 
2,112 
45,252 
29,759 

16,446 
960 
33,501 
26,889 

7,924  $

21,534  $

77,599  $

113,021  $

137,392 

15,786 

442 

(660)
103 

1,609 

(1,617)

(564)
7,412 

29,052 

1,097 

(5,512)
866 

(23,136)

(1,307)

3,547 
16,062 

(31,753)

2,211 

7,805 
2,380 

  Share-based compensation (recovery) expense 
Adjusted EBITDA 

$

495 
24,090  $

116 
28,490  $

1,289 
104,391  $

409 

108,596  $

2,902 
120,937 

Adjusted EBITDA attributed to: 
  Non-controlling interests 
  Shareholders of Clearwater 

$

$

2,368  $

21,722 
24,090  $

5,538  $

22,952 
28,490  $

16,216  $
88,175 
104,391  $

19,440 
89,156 
108,596  $

22,491 
98,446 
120,937 

39 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted earnings attributable to shareholders            

To  assist  readers  in  estimating  our  earnings  we  have  included  a  calculation  of  adjusted  earnings.  
Management  believes  that  in  addition  to  earnings  and  cash  provided  by  operating  activities,  adjusted 
earnings  is  a  useful  supplemental  measure  from  which  to  determine  Clearwater’s  earnings  from 
operations  and  ability  to  generate  cash  available  for  debt  service,  working  capital,  capital  expenditures, 
income taxes and dividends.  

Reconciliation of net earnings to adjusted earnings for the 13 weeks and year ended December 31, 2018, 
December 31, 2017 and December 2016 is as follows: 

13 weeks ended 

Year ended 

December 31 December 31 December 31 December 31 December 31
2016

2017

2018

2017

2018

Reconciliation of net earnings to adjusted earnings 
  Earnings (loss) 

$

(10,556) $

  Restructuring and refinancing costs 
  Acquisition related costs 
  Share-based compensation cost (recovery) 

Unrealized foreign exchange and derivative 
(gain) loss 

  Devaluation of Peso on working capital 
  Fair value on long-term debt 

103  
-  
495  

15,786  
-  
442  
16,826  

(6,551) $
7,412 
- 
116 

1,609 
- 
(1,617)
7,520 

(3,706) $
866  
-  
1,288  

29,052  
-  
1,097  
32,303  

28,239  $
16,059  
-  
409  

(23,136) 
-  
(1,307) 
(7,975) 

59,596 
(182)
1,159 
2,902 

(31,753)
5,199 
2,211 
(20,464)

Adjusted earnings 

$ 

6,270 $ 

969 $ 

28,597 $ 

20,264 $ 

39,132 

Adjusted earnings attributable to: 
  Non-controlling interests 
  Shareholders 

  Adjusted earnings per share: 

1,480  
4,790  
6,270 $ 

2,554 
(1,585)

969 $ 

12,766  
15,831  
28,597 $ 

11,574  
8,690  
20,264 $ 

15,366 
23,766 
39,132 

$ 

  Weighted average of shares outstanding 
  Adjusted earnings per share for shareholders   

64,676  
0.07  

63,935  
(0.02)

64,299  
0.25  

63,935  
0.14  

62,051 
0.38 

Reconciliation of adjusted earnings to adjusted EBITDA 
  Adjusted earnings 

$ 

6,270 $ 

969 $ 

28,597 $ 

20,264 $ 

39,132 

  Add (subtract) 

  Income tax expense 
  Depreciation and amortization 
  Interest on long-term debt and bank charges 
  Taxes and depreciation on equity investment   

  Realized foreign exchange on working capital   
  Other reorganizational costs 

(621) 
12,479  
7,496  
(874) 

(660) 
-  
17,820  

4,461 
15,850 
7,831 
(57)

(564)
- 
27,521 

1,740  
48,843  
30,246  
476  

(5,511) 
-  
75,794  

7,659  
45,252  
29,759  
2,112  

3,550  
-  
88,332  

16,446 
33,501 
26,889 
960 

2,608 
1,403 
81,807 

Adjusted EBITDA1 

$ 

24,090 $ 

28,490 $ 

104,391 $ 

108,596 $ 

120,939 

40 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
Leverage 

Leverage is not a recognized measure under IFRS, and therefore is unlikely to be comparable to similar 
measures  presented  by  other  companies.    Management  believes  leverage  to  be  a  useful  term  when 
discussing  liquidity  and  does  monitor  and  manage  leverage.    In  addition,  as  leverage  is  a  measure 
frequently analyzed for public companies, Clearwater has calculated the amount to assist readers in this 
review.  Leverage should not be construed as a measure of liquidity or as a measure of cash flows. 

Leverage for banking purposes differs from the below calculations as agreements require the exclusion of 
certain cash from the calculation and EBITDA excludes non-controlling interests and most significant non-
cash  and  non-recurring  items.    Clearwater  is  in  compliance  with  all  of  the  non-financial  and  financial 
covenants associated with its debt facilities.  

The  calculation  of  adjusted  EBITDA  attributable  to  shareholders  to  debt  (net  of  unamortized  deferred 
financing charges) for the year ended December 31, 2018, December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 
is as follows:  

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 
Adjusted EBITDA1 attributable to shareholders 

Debt2,3 (excluding non-controlling interest) 
Less cash (excluding non-controlling interest) 
Net debt 

2018 

2017 

88,175 

$

89,156 

$

447,551  
(29,096) 
418,455 

$

478,747  
(31,976) 
446,771 

$

2016

98,446 

436,834 
(25,110)
411,724 

$

$

Leverage 
1. Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations 

4.7  

5.0  

4.2 

2. Debt as at December 31, 2018 and 2017 has been adjusted to include USD $200 million forward foreign exchange contracts at 
an average contracted rate of 1.2844. (December 31, 2016 - USD $75 million cross-currency swap at contracted rates of 1.3235). 

3. Debt is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $9.2 million (December 31, 2017 - $10.0 million; December 31, 2016 - 
$2.0 million).  

Free cash flows 

Free  cash  flow  is  not  a  recognized  measure  under  IFRS,  and  therefore  is  unlikely  to  be  comparable  to 
similar measures presented by other companies.  Management believes that in addition to net earnings 
and cash provided by operating activities, free cash flow is a useful supplemental measure from which to 
determine  Clearwater’s  ability  to  generate  cash  available  for  debt  service,  working  capital,  capital 
expenditures and distributions.  Free cash flow should not be construed as an alternative to net earnings 
determined in accordance with IFRS, as a measure of liquidity, or as a measure of cash flows.   

Free cash flow is defined as cash flows from operating activities, less planned capital expenditures (net of 
any  borrowings  of  debt  designated  to  fund  such  expenditures),  scheduled  payments  on  long-term  debt 
and distributions to non-controlling interests.  Items excluded from the free cash flow include discretionary 
items such as debt refinancing and repayments changes in the revolving loan and discretionary financing 
and investing activities. 

41 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation for the 13 weeks and year ended December 31, 2018, December 31, 2017 and December 
31, 2016 is as follows: 

Adjusted EBITDA1 
Less: 
  Interest and bank charges 
  Current income tax expense 
  Other income and expense items 

13 weeks ended
December 31
2017 

2018 

2018   

2017

Year Ended
December 31
2016

$ 

24,090  $

28,490  $ 

104,391  $ 

108,596  $ 

120,937 

(7,061)  
(1,260)  
(1,071)  

(7,426) 
(657) 
(12,458) 

(28,551)  
(6,318)  
(2,734)  

(28,204) 
(12,376) 
(12,932) 

(24,776)
(7,078)
(9,496)

  Operating cash flow before changes in working capital 

14,698  

7,949  

66,788  

55,084  

79,587 

  Changes in working capital2 
  Cash flows from operating activities 

31,138  
45,836  

34,714  
42,663  

9,699  
76,487  

3,057  
58,141  

(16,547)
63,040 

Sources (uses) of cash: 

Purchase of property, plant, equipment, quota and other 
assets 

  Disposal of fixed assets 
  Less: Designated borrowings3 
  Scheduled payments on long-term debt4 
  Payments on long-term incentive plans 
  Distribution to non-controlling interests 
  Dividends received from joint venture 
  Non-routine project costs 
Free cash flows1 

Reconciliation of change in cash flows for the period 
Add/(less): 
  Other debt borrowings (repayments) of debt, use of cash3 
  Issuance of equity 
  Payments on long-term incentive plans 
  Other investing activities 
  Other financing activities 
Change in cash flows for the period 

(2,638)  
-  

-  

(8,992)  
-  
(1,853)  
-  
298  

(25,350) 
2,400  

14,513  

(8,901) 
177  
(6,642) 
-  
3,392  

(19,124)  
-  

1,106  

(10,650)  
1,084  
(11,353)  
3,228  
4,428  

(85,431) 
2,408  

39,206  

(11,948) 
1,618  
(19,154) 
3,340  
3,392  

(56,332)
1,131 

25,883 

(15,215)
5,670 
(24,560)
- 
1,885 

$ 

32,651  $

22,252  $ 

45,206  $ 

(8,428)$ 

1,502 

(20,000)  
1,381  
-  
(1,724)  
(2,383)  
9,925  $

(24,574) 
-  
(177) 
259  
(5,159) 
(7,399)$ 

(31,356)  
4,548  
(1,084)  
(805)  
(16,136)  

27,792  
-  
(1,618) 
(5,832) 
(15,914) 

373  $ 

(4,000)$ 

(37,566)
53,024 
(5,670)
(2,513)
(20,369)
(11,592)

$ 

1. Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations. 

2. Changes in working capital have been restated to align with the change in presentation of cash interest and cash income taxes paid in the 
consolidated statement of cash flows.  This change had no impact on cash from operations. 

3. Designated borrowings relate to capital projects for which there is long-term financing and therefore they will not be financed with operating 
cash flows.  For the purpose of free cash flow calculations, the amount invested (up to the total amount of the related financing) during the 
period on these projects is backed out of the calculation of free cash flows regardless of the timing of the related borrowing. 

4.  Scheduled  payments  on  long-term  debt  for  2017  have  been  updated  to  include  the  Deferred  Consideration  payment  made  in  the  fourth 
quarter 2017 of $8.9 million (fourth quarter 2016 of $8.7 million) and the Earnout payment in the second quarter 2017 of $1.3 million. 

42 | P a g e  

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on Assets 

Return on assets is not a recognized measure under IFRS, and therefore is unlikely to be comparable to 
similar measures presented by other companies.  Management believes that return on assets measures 
the efficiency of the use of total assets to generate income.  Return on assets should not be construed as 
an alternative to net earnings determined in accordance with IFRS. 

Return on assets is defined as the ratio of rolling 12 month adjusted earnings before interest and taxes 
(“EBIT”) to average total quarterly assets including all working capital assets. 

The  calculation  of  adjusted  earnings  before  interest  and  taxes  to  total  assets  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2018, December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is as follows: 

In (000's) of Canadian dollars 

Adjusted EBITDA1 

Depreciation and amortization 
Adjusted earnings before interest and taxes 

Average quarterly total assets 

December 31
2018 

December 31
2017 

December 31
2016

$

$

104,391 

$

108,596 

$

120,937 

48,843  
55,548  

45,428  
63,168  

38,634 
82,303 

752,007 

$

775,783 

$

746,896 

7.4% 

8.1% 

11.0%

(1) Refer to discussion on non-IFRS measures, definitions and reconciliations. 

43 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated 
Management’s Statement of Responsibility for Financial Reporting 

The consolidated financial statements and all related financial information contained in the annual report, 
including Management’s Discussion and Analysis, are the responsibility of the management of Clearwater 
Seafoods  Incorporated.    The  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles, using management's best estimates and judgments, where appropriate.  

Management  is  responsible  for  the  reliability  and  integrity  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  
notes  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  contained  in  the  annual 
report.  In  the  preparation  of  these  statements,  estimates  are  sometimes  necessary  because  a  precise 
determination of certain assets and liabilities is dependent on future events. Management believes such 
estimates have been based on careful judgments and have been properly reflected in the accompanying 
consolidated financial statements.  

Management  is  also  responsible  for  maintaining  a  system  of  internal  control  designed  to  provide  
reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and that accounting systems provide timely, accurate 
and reliable financial information.  

The Board of Directors of Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated (“the Board”) is responsible for ensuring that 
management fulfills its responsibilities for financial reporting and internal control. The Board is assisted in 
exercising  its  responsibilities  through  the  Audit  Committee  of  the  Board,  which  is  composed  of  non-
management  directors.  The  Audit  Committee  meets  periodically  with  management  and  the  auditors  to 
satisfy  itself  that  management's  responsibilities  are  properly  discharged,  to  review  the  consolidated 
financial statements and to recommend approval of the consolidated financial statements to the Board.  

KPMG  LLP,  the  independent  auditors  appointed  by  the  Board,  have  audited  Clearwater  Seafoods 
Incorporated’s  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  auditing 
standards  and  their  report  follows.  The  independent  auditors  have  full  and  unrestricted  access  to  the 
Audit Committee to discuss their audit and their related findings.  

March 7, 2019 

Ian Smith 
Chief Executive Officer   

Teresa Fortney 
Vice-President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer 

44 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
KPMG LLP 
Purdy's Wharf Tower One 
1959 Upper Water Street, Suite 1500 
Halifax Nova Scotia B3J 3N2 
Canada 
Telephone (902) 492-6000 
Fax (902) 429-1307 

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

To Shareholders of Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated 

Opinion 

We  have  audited  the  consolidated financial  statements  of  Clearwater  Seafoods  Incorporated  (the 
“Company”), which comprise: 

the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 

the consolidated statements of earnings (loss) and comprehensive income for the years then ended 

• 
• 
• 
• 
•  and  notes  to  the  consolidated financial  statements,  including  a  summary  of  significant  accounting 

the consolidated statements of changes in equity for the years then ended 

the consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended 

policies 

(Hereinafter referred to as the “financial statements”). 

In  our  opinion,  the  accompanying  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  the 
consolidated financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and its 
consolidated financial  performance  and  its  consolidated cash  flows  for  the  years  then  ended  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). 

Basis for Opinion 

We  conducted  our  audit  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards.  Our 
responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  “Auditors’  Responsibilities  for  the 
Audit of the Financial Statements” section of our auditors’ report.   

We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in Canada and we have fulfilled our other responsibilities in accordance 
with these requirements.

45 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion.     

Other Information 

Management is responsible for the other information. Other information comprises: 

• 

• 

the  information  included  in Management’s Discussion and  Analysis filed  with the relevant Canadian 
Securities Commissions. 

the  information,  other  than  the  financial  statements  and  the  auditors’  report  thereon,  included  in  a 
document likely to be entitled “Annual Report”. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information 
identified  above  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with 
the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, and remain alert for indications that the 
other information appears to be materially misstated.    

We  obtained  the  information  included  in  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  filed  with  the  relevant 
Canadian Securities Commissions as at the date of this auditors’ report.   If, based on the work we have 
performed  on  this  other  information,  we  conclude  that  there  is  a  material  misstatement  of  this  other 
information, we are required to report that fact in the auditors’ report. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

The  information,  other  than  the  financial  statements  and  the  auditors’  report  thereon,  included  in  a 
document likely to be entitled “Annual Report” is expected to be made available to us after the date of this 
auditors’ report. If, based on the work we will perform on this other information, we conclude that there is 
a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact to those charged with 
governance.    

Responsibilities  of  Management  and  Those  Charged  with  Governance  for  the  Financial 
Statements 

Management  is  responsible  for  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  the  financial  statements  in 
accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable 
the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error. 

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to 
continue  as  a  going  concern,  disclosing  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the 
going  concern  basis  of  accounting  unless  management  either  intends  to  liquidate  the  Company  or  to 
cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

46 | P a g e  

 
 
 
Those  charged  with  governance  are  responsible  for  overseeing  the  Company’s  financial  reporting 
process. 

Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditors’  report  that 
includes our opinion.  

Reasonable  assurance  is  a  high  level  of  assurance,  but  is  not  a  guarantee  that  an  audit  conducted  in 
accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards  will  always  detect  a  material 
misstatement when it exists.  

Misstatements  can  arise  from  fraud  or  error  and  are  considered  material  if,  individually  or  in  the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of the financial statements. 

As  part  of  an  audit  in  accordance  with  Canadian  generally  accepted  auditing  standards,  we  exercise 
professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit.  

We also: 
• 

Identify  and  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to 
fraud  or  error,  design  and  perform  audit  procedures  responsive  to  those  risks,  and  obtain  audit 
evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting 
from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the 
override of internal control. 

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 
that  are  appropriate  in  the  circumstances,  but  not  for  the  purpose  of  expressing  an  opinion  on  the 
effectiveness of the Company's internal control.  

•  Evaluate  the  appropriateness  of  accounting  policies  used  and  the  reasonableness  of  accounting 

estimates and related disclosures made by management. 

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of management's use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based  on  the  audit  evidence  obtained,  whether  a  material  uncertainty  exists  related  to  events  or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If 
we  conclude  that  a  material  uncertainty  exists,  we  are  required  to  draw  attention  in  our  auditors’ 
report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to 
modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our 
auditors’ report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue 
as a going concern. 

47 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
•  Evaluate  the  overall  presentation,  structure  and  content  of  the  financial  statements,  including  the 
disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in 
a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

•  Communicate  with  those  charged  with  governance  regarding,  among  other  matters,  the  planned 
scope  and  timing  of  the  audit  and  significant  audit  findings,  including  any  significant  deficiencies  in 
internal control that we identify during our audit.  

•  Provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical 
requirements  regarding  independence,  and  communicate  with  them  all  relationships  and  other 
matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

•  Obtain  sufficient  appropriate  audit  evidence  regarding  the  financial  information  of  the  entities  or 
business activities within the Group Entity to express an opinion on the financial statements. We are 
responsible  for  the  direction,  supervision  and  performance  of  the  group  audit.  We  remain  solely 
responsible for our audit opinion. 

Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this auditors’ report is Douglas W. Reid. 

Halifax, Canada 

March 7, 2019 

48 | P a g e  

 
 
 
    
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 
As at December 31 

ASSETS 
Current assets 
  Cash 
  Trade and other receivables (Note 5) 

Inventories (Note 6) 
  Prepaids and other  
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 7(a)) 

Non-current assets 
  Long-term receivables (Note 8) 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 7(a)) 
  Other assets  
  Property, plant and equipment (Note 9) 
Investment in equity investee (Note 11) 

  Deferred tax assets (Note 12(c)) 

Intangible assets (Note 10) 

  Goodwill (Note 10) 

TOTAL ASSETS 

LIABILITIES  
Current liabilities 
  Trade and other payables 

Income taxes payable (Note 12) 

  Current portion of long-term debt (Note 13) 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 7(a)) 

Non-current liabilities  
  Long-term debt (Note 13) 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 7(a)) 
  Other long-term liabilities 
  Deferred tax liabilities (Note 12(c)) 

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 
  Share capital (Note 14) 
  Contributed surplus 
  Retained earnings (deficit) 
  Accumulated comprehensive loss ("ACL") 

  Non-controlling interest (Note 16) 

2018

2017

$ 

$ 

35,887 
85,244 
70,115 
7,357 
1,222 
199,825 

4,970 
12,671 
147 
246,117 
9,382 
14,266 
191,422 
48,623 
527,598 

$ 

727,423 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

70,507 
1,661 
23,269 
9,966 
105,403 

440,148 
497 
323 
17,832 
458,800 

215,506 
4,218 
(38,848)
(36,053)
144,823 
18,397 
163,220 

35,514 
103,096 
79,124 
4,781 
5,797 
228,312 

5,077 
141 
102 
272,071 
9,817 
11,349 
193,815 
50,196 
542,568 

770,880 

80,411 
7,182 
21,025 
1,978 
110,596 

452,148 
7,142 
616 
17,840 
477,746 

210,860 
3,021 
(8,722)
(39,730)
165,429 
17,109 
182,538 

770,880 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY  

$ 

727,423 

$ 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Approved by the Board: 

John Risley 
Director 

Colin MacDonald 
Chairman 

49 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 
Year ended December 31 

Sales (Note 15) 
Cost of goods sold 
Gross margin 

Operating expenses (Note 17) 
     Administrative and selling costs 
     Restructuring costs 
Net finance costs (Note 13 (e)) 
Foreign exchange (gains) losses on long-term debt and working capital (Note 7 (c)) 
(Gains) losses on contract derivatives (Note 7 (d)) 
Other (income) expense (Note 18) 
Research and development  

Earnings (loss) before income taxes 

Income tax expense (Note 12) 

Earnings (loss) for the year 

Earnings (loss) attributable to: 
  Non-controlling interest (Note 16) 
  Shareholders of Clearwater 

2018 

2017 

$ 

$ 

592,246 
485,409 
106,837 

621,031 
510,963 
110,068 

53,509 
482 
31,966 
9,061 
15,798 
(3,737) 
1,724 
108,803 

55,551 
6,856 
35,280 
(14,263) 
(4,045) 
(7,576) 
2,368 
74,171 

(1,966) 

35,897 

1,740 

7,658 

$ 

(3,706)  $ 

28,239 

$ 

$ 

12,498    $ 
(16,204) 

(3,706)  $ 

12,480 
15,759 
28,239 

Basic earnings (loss) per share (Note 20) 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share (Note 20) 

$ 
$ 
See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

(0.25)   $ 
(0.25)   $ 

0.25 
0.25 

50 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Year ended December 31 

Earnings (loss) for the year 

Comprehensive income (loss) 
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income (loss): 

  Foreign currency translation differences of foreign operations 
  Cash flow hedges - effective portion of change in fair value, net of tax 
  Cash flow hedges - reclassified to earnings, net of tax 

Comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to: 

Non-controlling interest (Note 16) 
Shareholders of Clearwater 

2018

2017

$

(3,706) $

28,239 

312 
3,377 

(169)
3,520 

255 
(1,238)

49 
(934)

(186) $

27,305 

12,250 
(12,436)

$

12,077 
15,228 

(186) $

27,305 

$

$

$

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

51 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 

Accumulated 
Comprehensive Loss 

Cash

Cumulative 

Retained

Non-

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 

shares

surplus

hedge

adjustment

(deficit)

interest

Total 

Balance at January 1, 2017 

$ 

210,860  $ 

1,419  $

-  $ 

(38,931) $ 

(4,793) $ 

19,930  $  188,485 

Common  Contributed

flow

translation

earnings

controlling 

Comprehensive (loss) income for the year 

Transactions recorded directly in equity 

  Share-based compensation (Note 21) 

  Distributions to non-controlling interest 

  Dividends declared on common shares (Note 14) 

  Acquisition of non-controlling interest (Note 16) 

Total transactions with owners 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,189)

658 

15,759 

12,077 

27,305 

1,602 

- 

- 

1,602 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(268)

(268)

- 

- 

(12,787)

(6,901)

(19,688)

- 

(15,343)

- 

445 

1,602 

(15,343)

(12,787)

(6,724)

(14,898)

(33,252)

Balance at December 31, 2017 

$ 

210,860  $ 

3,021  $ 

(1,189) $ 

(38,541) $ 

(8,722) $ 

17,109  $  182,538 

Comprehensive income (loss) for the year 

Transactions recorded directly in equity 

  Share-based compensation (Note 21) 

  Distributions to non-controlling interest 

  Dividends declared on common shares (Note 14) 

  Common shares issued under DRIP 

  Acquisition of non-controlling interest (Note 16) 

Total transactions with owners 

- 

98 

- 

- 

4,548 

- 

4,646 

- 

3,208 

560 

(16,204)

12,250 

(186)

1,197 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,197 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(91)

(91)

- 

- 

(12,847)

- 

(1,075)

(13,922)

- 

(10,816)

- 

- 

(146)

1,295 

(10,816)

(12,847)

4,548 

(1,312)

(10,962)

(19,132)

Balance at December 31, 2018 

$ 

215,506  $ 

4,218  $ 

2,019  $ 

(38,072) $ 

(38,848) $ 

18,397  $  163,220 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

52 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 
Year ended December 31 

Operating 
  Earnings (loss) for the year 
  Adjustments for: 
    Depreciation and amortization 
    Accretion on long-term debt (Note 13 (e)) 
    Amortization of deferred financing costs (Note 13 (e)) 
    Net unrealized foreign exchange (gains) losses on financial assets and liabilities 
    Loss on debt refinancing 
    Fair value adjustments to financial instruments 
    Deferred tax expense (recovery) (Note 12) 
    Share-based compensation 
    (Gain) loss on disposal of property, plant, and equipment and other assets 
    (Earnings) loss from equity investee (Note 11) 
    Foreign exchange and other 
Cash from operating activities before changes in working capital 
  Change in non-cash operating working capital (Note 26) 
Cash from (used in) operating activities 

Financing 
  Repayment of long-term debt (Note 13) 
  Proceeds from long-term debt 
  Net (repayment of) proceeds from revolving credit facility 
  Settlement of derivative contracts on refinancing 
  Distributions paid to non-controlling interest 
  Repayments from (advances to) minority partners 
  Dividends paid on common shares, net of dividends reinvested 
Cash from (used in) financing activities 

Investing 
  Purchase of property, plant and equipment, and other 
  Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
  Dividends received from equity investee (Note 11) 
  Acquisition of non-controlling interest (Note 16) 
  Proceeds from sale (purchase) of other assets 
  Payments received (net advances) on long-term receivables 
Cash from (used in) investing activities 

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash 
Increase (decrease) in cash 
Cash, beginning of period 
Cash, end of period 

Supplemental disclosure of operating cash flows 
Cash interest paid 
Cash income taxes paid 

See the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements 

2018

2017

  $

(3,706)  $

28,239 

44,869  
1,720  
1,695  
30,558  
-  
-  
(4,578) 
1,283  
(254) 
(2,923) 
(1,876) 
66,788 
9,699  
76,487   $

(10,652) 
-  
(30,248) 
-  
(11,353) 
(65) 
(8,299) 
(60,617)  $

(19,124) 
-  
3,228  
(1,312) 
181  
326  
(16,701)  $

1,204   $
373    
35,514  
35,887   $

45,428 
2,166 
1,555 
(14,156)
3,787 
(694)
(4,717)
232 
(216)
(2,656)
(3,884)
55,084 
3,057 
58,141 

(425,949)
364,916 
116,082 
(4,209)
(19,154)
3,766 
(12,787)
22,665 

(85,431)
2,407 
3,340 
(6,724)
(44)
936 
(85,516)

710 
(4,000)
39,514 
35,514 

(28,817) 
(11,853) 

(25,518)
(9,447)

53 | P a g e  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
   
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

1.   DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS  

Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated (“Clearwater” or the “Company”) was incorporated on July 7, 2011 and 
is domiciled at 757 Bedford Highway, Bedford, Nova Scotia, Canada. 

Clearwater’s sole investment is the ownership of 100% of the partnership units  of Clearwater  Seafoods 
Limited Partnership (“CSLP”), which holds the underlying investments in subsidiaries and a joint venture. 

The consolidated financial  statements of Clearwater  as at and for the  years ended December 31,  2018 
and  2017  comprise  the  Company,  its  subsidiaries  and  a  joint  venture  (see  Note  23).  Clearwater’s 
business includes the ownership and operation of assets and property in connection with the harvesting, 
processing, distribution and marketing of seafood. 

2.   BASIS OF PREPARATION 

(a)  Statement of Compliance 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”). 

The financial statements were authorized for issue by Clearwater’s Board of Directors on March 7, 2019. 

(b)  Basis of Measurement 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  historical  cost  basis  except  for  the 
following material items measured at fair value through profit or loss: 

•  Derivative financial instruments  
•  Earnout liability entered into as part of a business combination 
•  Liabilities for cash settled share-based compensation arrangements 
•  Embedded derivative liability within long-term debt extinguished in 2017 

The fair value measurements have been described in the notes. 

(c)  Functional and presentation currency 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  are  presented  in  Canadian  dollars,  which  is  the  functional 
currency of Clearwater and its Canadian subsidiaries. Clearwater’s subsidiary in the United Kingdom has 
a functional currency of Pounds Sterling and the Argentine operations have a functional currency of the 
US  dollar.    All  tabular  financial  information  presented  in  Canadian  dollars  has  been  rounded  to  the 
nearest thousands, except per share amounts or as otherwise noted. 

Change in functional currency 

On July 1, 2018, Clearwater changed the functional currency of a subsidiary from the Argentinean Peso 
to  the  US  dollar  to  reflect  that  the  US  dollar  has  become  the  predominate  currency.    Key  factors 
considered  in  this  assessment  include  the  currency  in  which  sales  are  denominated,  the  underlying 
currency in which operating costs are determined and the Company’s intra-group funding arrangements. 
The  Company  has  accounted  for  the  change  prospectively  in  accordance  with  IAS  21  The  Effects  of 
Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates. 

54 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(d)  Critical judgments and estimates in applying accounting policies 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  estimates,  judgments  and 
assumptions  that  materially  affect  the  amounts  reported  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and 
accompanying  notes.  Management  bases  assumptions,  estimates  and 
judgments  on  historical 
experience, current trends and events, and all available information that management believes is relevant 
at  the  time  it  prepares  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Actual  results  may  differ  materially  from 
these estimates. 

The  following  are  the  accounting  policies  that  are  subject  to  judgments  and  estimates  that  Clearwater 
believes could have the most significant impact on the reported results and financial position. 

The information in this note is grouped by accounting policy to include:  

•  Key sources of estimation uncertainty 
• 

Judgments  management  made  in  the  process  of  applying  Clearwater’s  accounting  policies 
(where applicable) 

i. 

Income taxes 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty  

Accounting  for  income  taxes  is  based  upon  evaluation  of  income  tax  rules  in  all  jurisdictions  where 
Clearwater  operates.  In  determining  the  provision  for  current  and  deferred  income  taxes,  Clearwater 
makes  assumptions  about  temporary  and  permanent  differences  between  accounting  and  taxable 
income. Changes in tax law and the level and geographical mix of earnings will impact the effective tax 
rate. With respect to deferred taxes, Clearwater makes assumptions about when deferred tax assets are 
likely to reverse, the extent to which it is probable that temporary differences will reverse and whether or 
not  there  will  be  sufficient  taxable  profits  available  to  offset  the  tax  assets  when  they  do  reverse. 
Clearwater recognizes deferred tax assets only to the extent that it considers it probable that those assets 
will be recoverable.  

Judgments made in relation to accounting policies applied  

Clearwater  makes  judgments  about  whether  to  recognize  the  benefit  of  deferred  tax  assets.  In  making 
this  judgment  Clearwater  continually  evaluates  the  magnitude  and  duration  of  any  past  losses,  current 
profitability and whether it is sustainable, and earnings forecasts.  

For further discussion on deferred income taxes refer to Note 12. 

ii.  Goodwill and intangible assets 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

Clearwater  conducts  impairment  testing  on  its  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  annually  in  the  fourth 
quarter  and  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  the  carrying  value  may  not  be 
recoverable.   

Clearwater  determines  the  fair  value  of  each  cash-generating  unit  (“CGU”)  to  which  goodwill  and 
intangible  assets  are  allocated  using  the  value  in  use  method,  which  estimates  fair  value  using  a 
discounted  five-year  forecasted  cash  flow  estimate  with  a  terminal  value.    The  determination  of  the 
recoverable  amount  involves  estimates  and  assumptions  of  future  sales,  product  margins,  market 
conditions, allowable catch rates, and appropriate discount rates. 

55 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Judgments made in relation to accounting policies applied  

In  performing  its  impairment  testing,  Clearwater  makes  judgments  in  determining  its  CGUs,  and  the 
allocation of working capital assets and liabilities and corporate assets to these CGUs.  

For further discussion on goodwill and intangible assets, refer to Note 10.  

iii. 

Share-based compensation 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

Clearwater  determines  compensation  expense  for  share-based  compensation  using  market-based 
valuation  techniques.  Clearwater  determines  the  fair  value  of  performance-based  non-vested  share 
awards  at  the  date  of  grant  using  Black-Scholes  and  Monte  Carlo  simulation  valuation  models.  Certain 
performance-based  share  awards  require  Clearwater  to  make  estimates  of  the  likelihood  of  achieving 
company and corporate peer group performance goals or internal performance metrics. 

Clearwater makes assumptions in applying valuation  techniques including estimating the future volatility 
of the stock price, expected dividend yield, future employee turnover rates and corporate performance.  

For further discussion on share-based compensation, refer to Note 21.  

iv. 

Derivative financial instruments 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty  

Clearwater  records  the  fair  value  of  certain  financial  assets  and  liabilities  using  valuation  techniques 
where the fair value cannot be observed in active markets. 

The inputs used in the fair value models contain inherent uncertainties, estimates and use of judgment. 
Fair  value  is  taken  from  observable  markets  where  possible  and  estimated  as  necessary.  Assumptions 
underlying the valuations require estimation of discount rates, inflation rates, defaults and other relevant 
variables such as foreign exchange volatility. 

For further discussion on derivative financial instruments, refer to Note 7. 

v. 

Earnout liability 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

Clearwater determines the fair value measurement of the Earnout liability based on significant inputs not 
observable in the market. 

The  inputs  used  in  the  fair  value  model  contain  inherent  uncertainties,  estimates  and  use  of  judgment. 
Inputs  are  taken  from  observable  markets  where  possible  and  estimated  as  necessary.  Assumptions 
include forecasted earnings and probability assessments. 

For further discussion on the fair value measurement of the Earnout liability, refer to Note 7(l). 

56 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

3.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The principal accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in 
these consolidated financial statements.  

(a)  Basis of consolidation 

i)  Business Combinations and Goodwill 

Clearwater  measures  goodwill  in  business  combinations  as  the  excess  of  the  fair  value  of  the 
consideration  transferred,  the  amount  of  any  non-controlling  interest  in  the  acquiree,  less  the  net 
recognized  amount  (generally  fair  value)  of  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  all 
measured as of the acquisition date. When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognized 
immediately in consolidated earnings (loss). 

Goodwill  is  subsequently  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Goodwill  is  not 
amortized and is tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and as required if events occur that 
indicate that  its carrying  amount may  not be recoverable. Goodwill  is tested for impairment at  the CGU 
level  by  comparing  the  carrying  amount  to  its  recoverable  amount,  consistent  with  the  methodology 
outlined in Note 3 (h). 

Clearwater elects on a transaction-by-transaction basis whether to measure non-controlling interest at its 
fair  value,  or  at  its  proportionate  share  of  the  recognized  amount  of  the  identifiable  net  assets,  at  the 
acquisition date. 

Any  contingent  consideration  payable  is  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  acquisition  date.  Subsequent 
changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognized in consolidated earnings (loss). 

When the initial accounting for a business combination has not been finalized by the end of the reporting 
period in which the combination occurs, the Company reports provisional amounts for the items for which 
the accounting has not been finalized.  These provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement 
period,  which  does  not  exceed  one  year  from  the  acquisition  date,  or  additional  assets  or  liabilities  are 
recognized,  to  reflect  new  information  obtained  about  facts  and  circumstances  that  existed  at  the 
acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognized at that date. 

Transaction costs, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, that Clearwater 
incurs  in  connection  with  a  business  combination  are  expensed  as  incurred  and  included  in  other 
(income) expense in the consolidated statement of earnings (loss).  

ii)  Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by Clearwater.  The financial statements of subsidiaries are included 
in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control 
ceases.   

57 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

iii)  Joint venture 

A joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have 
rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control 
of  an  arrangement,  which  exists  only  when  decisions  about  the  relevant  activities  require  unanimous 
consent  of  the  parties  sharing  control.  The  earnings  (loss)  and  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  joint  venture 
are  incorporated  into  these  consolidated  financial  statements  using  the  equity  method  of  accounting. 
Under the equity method, a joint venture is initially recognized in the consolidated statement of financial 
position  at  cost  and  adjusted  thereafter  to  recognize  Clearwater’s  share  of  net  earnings  (loss)  and 
comprehensive income (loss) of the joint venture.  

iv)  Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

Intercompany  balances  and  transactions  are  eliminated  in  preparing  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Unrealized losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealized gains, but only to the extent 
that there is no evidence of impairment. 

(b)  Inventories  

Inventories consist primarily of raw materials and finished goods and are stated at the lower of cost and 
net realizable value.  Cost includes the cost of materials plus direct labour applied to the product and the 
applicable  share  of  manufacturing  overheads,  administration  and  depreciation,  determined  on  a  first-in, 
first-out basis.  Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less 
the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. 

(c)  Property, plant and equipment  

Property,  plant  and  equipment  is measured  at  cost,  less  government  assistance  received,  accumulated 
depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditures that are directly attributable 
to  the  acquisition  of  the  asset.  The  cost  of  self-constructed  assets  includes  the  cost  of  materials  and 
direct  labour,  any  other  costs  directly  attributable  to  bringing  the  assets  to  a  working  condition  for  their 
intended use and location, and borrowing costs.  

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment commences in the month the assets are available for use. 
Vessel  refits  are  capitalized  when  incurred  and  amortized  over  the  period  between  scheduled  refits. 
Construction  in  progress  assets  are  capitalized  during  the  construction  period  and  depreciation 
commences when the asset is available for use.  

Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis to depreciate the cost of each of the components of an 
item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  over  its  estimated  useful  life. When  parts  of  an  item  of  property, 
plant  and  equipment  have  different  useful  lives,  they  are  accounted  for  as  separate  items  (major 
components). Estimated useful lives are the following: 

Asset Component 
Buildings and wharves 
Plant and equipment 
Vessels 
Vessels equipment 

Rate 
10 to 50 years 
5 to 15 years 
15 to 25 years 
1 to 10 years 

The  cost  of  replacing  a  part  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  is  recognized  in  the  carrying 
amount of the item if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied within the part will flow to 
Clearwater  and  its  cost  can  be  measured  reliably.  The  carrying  amount  of  the  replaced  part  is 
derecognized. The costs of the day-to-day servicing of property, plant and equipment are recognized in 
consolidated earnings (loss) as incurred. 

58 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Gains  and  losses  on  disposal  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  determined  as  the 
difference between the proceeds from disposal and the carrying amount of the item, and are recognized 
net within administrative and selling costs in the consolidated statement of earnings (loss). 

Depreciation  methods,  useful  lives  and  residual  values  are  reviewed  at  each  financial  year-end  and 
changes to estimates are adjusted prospectively.  

(d)  Intangible Assets 

Intangible assets include  licences, brand names, patents, fishing rights and computer software. Definite 
life  intangible  assets  are  measured  at  cost  less  accumulated  amortization  and  any  net  accumulated 
impairment  losses.  Amortization  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  earnings  (loss)  on  a 
straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows: 

Intangible Asset 
Fishing rights 
Computer software 

Rate 
10 to 15 years 
3 to 8 years 

i) 

 Licences, brand names, patents and fishing rights 

Licences and brand names represent intangible assets acquired directly or in a business combination that 
meet the specified criteria for recognition apart from goodwill and are recorded at their fair values at the 
date of acquisition and are subsequently carried at cost. 

Indefinite life intangible assets, including licences, brand names and patents, are not amortized and are 
tested  for  impairment  annually  in  the  fourth  quarter  or  more  frequently  if  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired.  

Fishing rights arise from contractual rights to fish quotas; they have definite lives and are amortized over 
the term of the related operating agreement. 

ii)  Computer software 

Computer  software  represents  intangible  assets  developed  during  the  enterprise  resource  planning 
(“ERP”) system conversion including all costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and 
condition necessary for its intended use.  The computer software has a definite life and is amortized over 
its estimated useful life. 

(e)  Revenue from contracts with customers 

Clearwater sells seafood in a fresh or frozen state to customers. These sales are evidenced by purchase 
orders or invoices, which set out the terms of the sale, including pricing and shipping terms.  Revenue is 
recognized when control of the product transfers to the customer.   

Control  transfers  to  the  customer  at  the  point  of  delivery,  which  is  dependent  on  the  shipping  term. 
Revenue  from  the  sale  of  seafood  products  is  recognized  based  on  the  price  specified  in  the  contract, 
less  any  customer  discounts.    No  element  of  financing  is  recognized  as  sales  are  generally  made  with 
normal credit terms ranging from 14 days from delivery to 60 days from the date of invoice.  

When  customers  pay  before  product  is  shipped,  revenue  is  not  recognized  until  control  transfers  to  the 
customer. 

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CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Clearwater has elected to apply the practical expedient related to contract costs therefore contract costs 
with an amortization period of less than one year have been expensed as incurred. 

Clearwater  may  also  provide  services  after  control  of  the  product  has  transferred  to  the  customer, 
including,  freight,  storage,  customs  clearing  and  cleaning.    These  services  represent  separate 
performance obligations for which revenue is recognized  over the time that the  service is performed for 
freight,  storage  and  cleaning  and  at  a  point  in  time  for  customs  clearing,  being  when  the  goods  have 
cleared  customs.    The  transaction  price  is  allocated  to  these  services  based  on  an  expected  cost-plus 
margin approach. 

(f)   Government assistance 

Government  assistance  received  by  Clearwater  relates  to  items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  or 
research and development expenses. 

Government assistance related to property, plant and equipment is deducted from the carrying amount of 
the related asset and amortized over the same estimated useful life of the asset to which it relates.   

Government assistance related to expenses are presented in Other (income) expense. 

Clearwater  does  not  have  any  government  assistance  that  is  required  to  be  repaid,  nor  any  forgivable 
loans. 

(g)  Financial instruments 

Classification 

Clearwater classifies its financial assets and financial liabilities into three categories being subsequently 
measured at 1) fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”); 2) amortized cost; or 3) fair value through other 
comprehensive  income  (“FVTOCI”).      The  classification  for  financial  assets  depends  on  the  Company’s 
business model, management of the financial asset and the contractual terms of the cash flows.   

Financial assets are classified as amortized cost only if both the following criteria are met: 

(1)  the financial asset is held within a business model with the objective of collecting the contractual 

cash flows; and 

(2)  the  contractual  terms  give  rise  on  specified  dates  to  cash  flows  that  are  solely  payments  of 

principal and interest on the principal outstanding. 

Derivatives  are  classified  as  FVTPL  unless  they  are  designated  as  hedges.    Clearwater  has  not 
designated any financial liabilities to be recognized as FVTPL. 

Clearwater’s financial assets and liabilities have been classified as follows: 

Financial instrument 
Cash 
Trade and other receivables 
Long-term receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 

Earnout liability 
Derivative financial instruments 
Derivative financial instruments 
(hedge accounting) 

Classification 
FVTPL 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 
Amortized cost 

Measurement 
Fair value 

Initial: Fair Value 
Subsequent: Amortized 
cost  

FVTPL 
FVTPL 
FV - hedging instrument 

Fair value 
Fair value 
Fair value 

60 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Measurement 

(1)  Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost or FVTPL 

On initial recognition, a financial asset or financial liability carried at amortized cost is measured at its fair 
value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset or liability.  
Transaction costs of financial assets and liabilities carried at FVTPL are recognized in the Consolidated 
Statement of Earnings (Loss). 

(2)  Derivative instruments  

Derivatives  are  initially  recognized  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  re-measured  to  their  fair  value  either 
through  profit  or  loss  or  other  comprehensive  income  depending  on  whether  the  derivative  has  been 
designated as a hedging instrument. 

When a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedging instrument, the effective portion of the changes in 
fair value of the derivative is recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
and  accumulated  within  equity.  The  amount  recorded  in  equity  is  reclassified  to  the  Consolidated 
Statement  of  Earnings  (Loss)  in  the  same  period  during  which  the  hedged  item  is  recognized  in  the 
Consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss). 

The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized as Net finance costs in 
the Consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss). 

If  the  forecasted  transaction  is  no  longer  expected  to  occur,  the  hedge  no  longer  meets  the  criteria  for 
hedge accounting, the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or expired, or Clearwater elects 
to discontinue hedge accounting for the derivative, then hedge accounting is discontinued prospectively.  

If  the  forecasted  transaction  is  no  longer  expected  to  occur,  then  the  amount  accumulated  in  equity  is 
reclassified  to  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Earnings  (Loss).    If  hedge  accounting  is  discontinued  but 
the forecasted transaction is still expected to occur, the amount accumulated in equity will be reclassified 
to the Consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss) at the same time as the original hedged item. 

Derecognition 

From  time-to-time,  Clearwater  enters  into  transactions  to  sell  selected  accounts  receivables  to  a 
commercial partner without recourse. The amount of receivables sold are removed from the Consolidated 
Statement of Financial Position at the time of the sale. The difference between the carrying amount and 
the proceeds on sale of the receivables is recorded in Net Finance Costs in the Consolidated Statement 
of  Earnings  (Loss).  Sale  of  receivables  during  the  year  represent  less  than  5  percent  of  consolidated 
sales. 

(h)   Impairment 

i)  Financial assets  

The Company assesses expected credit losses on financial assets carried at amortized cost on a forward-
looking basis.   

For trade receivables, Clearwater applies the simplified approach which requires lifetime expected credit 
losses to be recognized from initial recognition of the receivables. 

61 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Clearwater  considers  the  probability  of  default  on  a  specific  account  basis,  which  involves  assessing 
whether there was a significant increase in credit risk.  Indicators include actual or expected changes in 
the  debtor’s  ability  to  pay  based  on  information  that  is  available  each  reporting  period;  monitoring  past 
due accounts and other external factors.  Refer to Note 7(e) for discussion on credit risk and the provision 
for impairment losses related to trade receivables. 

ii)  Non-financial assets 

Clearwater  reviews  non-financial  assets  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  any 
indication of impairment.  If any such indication exists, then the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. 
In addition, for goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives an annual impairment test is 
performed. 

The recoverable amount of an asset or CGU is the greater of its value in use (“VIU”) and its fair value less 
costs  of  disposal.  In  assessing  value  in  use,  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  are  discounted  to  their 
present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of 
money and the risks specific to the asset.  

For the purpose of impairment testing, assets that cannot be tested individually are grouped together into 
the smallest group of assets that generate cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent 
of  the  cash  inflows  of  other  assets  or  groups  of  assets  or  CGU.  Goodwill  and  the  intangible  assets 
acquired in a business combination are allocated to the CGU, or the group of CGUs, that are expected to 
benefit from the synergies of the combination. This allocation is subject to an operating segment ceiling 
test and reflects the lowest level at which that asset is monitored for internal reporting purposes. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognized  if  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  its  CGU  exceeds  its  estimated 
recoverable amount. Impairment losses are recognized in earnings (loss).  Impairment losses recognized 
in  respect  of  CGUs  are  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the 
CGUs, and then to reduce the carrying amounts of the other assets in the unit on a pro rata basis. 

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, impairment losses 
recognized  in  prior  periods  are  assessed  at  each  reporting  date  for  any  indications  that  the  loss  has 
decreased or no longer exists. An impairment loss is reversed if there has been a change in the estimates 
and assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is reversed only to the 
extent  that  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying  amount  that  would  have  been 
determined, net of depreciation or amortization, if no impairment loss had been recognized. 

(h)  Translation of foreign currency  

i)  Foreign currency transactions 

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the respective functional currency of the Company 
and its’ subsidiaries at the exchange rate at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated to the Company’s functional currency at the exchange 
rate as at the reporting date.  

Non-monetary  items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical  cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated 
using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. 

62 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

ii)  Foreign operations 

The  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations  with  a  functional  currency  different  from  Clearwater’s 
presentation  currency,  including  goodwill,  intangible  assets  and  fair  value  adjustments  arising  on 
acquisition, are translated into Canadian dollars at exchange rates at the reporting date. Foreign currency 
differences  resulting  from  this  translation  are  recognized  in  comprehensive  income  in  the  cumulative 
translation  adjustment  account.  The  income  and  expenses  of  foreign  operations  are  translated  to 
Canadian dollars at average exchange rates. 

When  a  foreign  operation  is  disposed  of,  all  relevant  amounts  in  the  cumulative  translation  adjustment 
account are transferred to earnings (loss) as part of the gain or loss on disposal. On the partial disposal of 
a subsidiary that does not result in  loss of control the relevant proportion of such cumulative translation 
adjustment account is reattributed to non-controlling interest and not recognized in profit or loss. 

(i) 

 Income taxes 

Income tax expense is comprised of current and deferred income tax.  Current tax and deferred income 
tax are recognized in earnings (loss) except to the extent that they relate to a business combination, or 
items recognized directly in equity or in other comprehensive income. 

Current  tax  is  the  expected  tax  payable  on  the  taxable  income  or  loss  for  the  period,  using  tax  rates 
enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustments to tax payable in respect of 
previous  years.    Taxable  earnings  differs  from  earnings  as  reported  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
earnings (loss) because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in years other than 
the current reporting period or items that are never taxable or deductible. 

Deferred  tax  is  recognized  in  respect  of  temporary  differences  between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets 
and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is 
not  recognized  for  the  temporary  differences  relating  to  investments  in  subsidiaries  and  joint  venture  to 
the extent that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future. In addition, deferred tax is 
not recognized for taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill. Deferred tax 
is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, 
based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred tax 
assets  and  liabilities  are  offset  if  there  is  a  legally  enforceable  right  to  offset  current  tax  liabilities  and 
assets, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on 
different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax 
assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously. 

A  deferred  tax  asset  is  recognized  for  unused  tax  losses,  and  deductible  temporary  differences,  to  the 
extent  that  it  is  probable  that  future  taxable  profits  will  be  available  against  which  it  can  be  utilized. 
Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer 
probable that the related tax benefit will be realized. 

(j)  Borrowing costs 

Clearwater  capitalizes  borrowing  costs  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  construction  of  its  qualifying 
assets which are assets that take a substantial period of time to ready for their intended use, as they are 
being constructed. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are 
incurred. 

63 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(k)  Finance costs 

Finance  costs  comprises  interest  expense  on  borrowings,  gains  and  losses  on  financial  instruments 
related  to  long-term  debt  or  interest  recognized  in  earnings  (loss),  accretion  on  deferred  consideration 
and refinancing and settlement fees.  Borrowing costs determined to be period costs or the amortization 
of such costs are recorded through earnings (loss). 

(l) 

 Share-based compensation 

Clearwater  has  three  share-based  compensation  plans  including  share  appreciation  rights  (“SARs”), 
deferred share units (“DSUs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”).  Refer to Note 21 for a description 
of the plans.  

In accordance with the PSU plan document, vested units may be settled in cash or common shares or by 
a  combination  thereof  as  determined  by  the  Company.  Grants  settled  under  the  PSU  plan  up  to  2017 
were  cash-settled  and  all  future  grants  under  the  PSU  plan  will  be  settled  by  the  issuance  of  common 
shares.  In 2018, PSUs were settled in common shares.   

Cash-settled  PSU  awards  were  recorded  as  liabilities  at  fair  market  value  at  each  reporting  period  with 
changes in fair value recorded to earnings (loss). Equity-settled PSU awards are measured at fair market 
value  on  the  grant  date  of  the  awards.  The  fair  value  of  PSU’s  are  calculated  using  a  Monte  Carlo 
simulation  model  or  the  share  price  on  the  grant  date  where  the  performance  factor  is  a  non-market 
condition. Compensation expense is recognized based on the fair value of the awards that are expected 
to  vest  and  remain  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period.  Clearwater  estimates  the  expected 
forfeiture rate for each plan and adjusts for actual forfeitures in the period. 

The  share-based  compensation  liability  related  to  cash-settled  PSU’s  was  recorded  in  trade  and  other 
payables  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position.  The  cumulative  compensation  expense 
related to the equity-settled PSU’s is recorded as contributed surplus in equity. The related compensation 
expense for both cash-settled and equity-settled PSU’s is recorded in administrative and selling costs in 
the consolidated statement of earnings (loss) over the vesting period. 

(m)  Earnings (loss) per share 

Basic  earnings  (loss)  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  earnings  (loss)  for  the  year  attributable  to  the 
shareholders of Clearwater by  the  weighted average  number of common shares outstanding during the 
year. 

Diluted earnings (loss) per share is calculated by dividing earnings (loss) for the year attributable to the 
shareholders of Clearwater, adjusted for the change in the fair market value of the cash-settled PSU’s, by 
the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  and  the  voting  rights  attributable  to  the 
PSU’s outstanding during the year.  The calculation of the potential dilutive common shares assumes all 
outstanding PSU’s are contingently issuable shares.  

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CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

4.  CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Clearwater  has  adopted  the  following  new  and  revised  standards,  along  with  any  consequential 
amendments,  effective  January  1,  2018.  These  changes  were  made  in  accordance  with  the  applicable 
transitional provisions.  

IFRS 15 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers  

IFRS  15  contains  a  single  model  that  applies  to  contracts  with  customers  and  two  approaches  to 
recognizing  revenue:  at  a  point  in  time  or  over  time.  The  model  features  a  contract-based  five-step 
analysis of transactions to determine whether, how much, and when revenue is recognized.   

The Company adopted IFRS 15 in its financial statements for the annual period beginning on January 1, 
2018. The Company has elected to apply the modified retrospective method on transition, which means 
that comparative periods have not been restated.  On transition, cumulative impacts related to adoption 
are required to be recognized  in  opening retained  earnings;  however,  no  adjustments were required for 
Clearwater.  

Under the new standard, the Company is required to disclose information related to the disaggregation of 
revenues,  performance  obligations,  significant  judgements,  contract  balances  and  costs  to  obtain 
contracts.    Refer  to  accounting  policies  and  Note  9  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  these 
disclosures. 

IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments 

IFRS  9  introduces  new  requirements  for  the  classification  and  measurement  of  financial  assets.  Under 
IFRS 9, financial assets are classified and measured based on the business model in which they are held 
and  the  characteristics  of  their  contractual  cash  flows.  The  standard  introduces  additional  changes 
relating  to  financial  liabilities  and  amends  the  impairment  model  by  introducing  a  new  ‘expected  credit 
loss’  model  for  calculating  impairment.  IFRS  9  also  includes  a  new  general  hedge  accounting  standard 
which aligns hedge accounting more closely with risk management.  

The Company adopted IFRS 9 in its financial statements for the annual period beginning on January 1, 
2018.   The adoption of this standard had no financial impact to Clearwater.  Refer to accounting policies 
and Note 7 in the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

New accounting standards not yet adopted 

The  IASB  has  issued  the  following  standard  that  has  not  been  applied  in  preparing  these  consolidated 
financial statements as its effective date falls within annual periods beginning subsequent to the current 
reporting period. 

IFRS 16 Leases 

On  January  13,  2016,  the  IASB  issued  IFRS  16  Leases.  This  standard  introduces  a  single  lessee 
accounting  model  and  requires  a  lessee  to  recognize  assets  and  liabilities  for  all  leases  with  a  term  of 
more  than  12  months,  unless  the  underlying  asset  is  of  low  value.  A  lessee  is  required  to  recognize  a 
right-of-use  asset  representing  its  right  to  use  the  underlying  asset  and  a  lease  liability  representing  its 
obligation  to  make  lease  payments.  This  standard  substantially  carries  forward  the  lessor  accounting 
requirements of IAS 17, while requiring enhanced disclosures to be provided by lessors. Other areas of 
the  lease  accounting  model  have  been  impacted,  including  the  definition  of  a  lease.  Transitional 
provisions have been provided.  

65 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The  Company  will  adopt  IFRS  16  beginning  on  January  1,  2019  and  has  elected  to  apply  the  modified 
retrospective  approach  on  transition.    Clearwater  currently  leases  office  space,  machinery,  wharves, 
equipment and vehicles. Clearwater will not see a material impact on net income as a result of the new 
lease  standard  and  interest  and  depreciation  will  largely  offset  the  amounts  previously  reported  as 
operating  expense.    The  standard  will  have  an  impact  on  its  key  performance  measures,  including 
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, leverage and return on assets.   

5.   TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

As at December 31 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 

$

$

2018
68,952 
16,292 
85,244 

$

$

2017
86,636 
16,460 
103,096 

Included in other receivables is $9.3 million (December 31, 2017 -  $9.2 million) of value added tax and 
commodity tax receivables and  $7.0 million (December 31, 2017 -  $7.3 million)  of other receivables. 

6.   INVENTORIES 

As at December 31 
Seafood inventory 
Supplies and other 

$

$

2018
60,414 
9,701 
70,115 

$

$

2017
68,696 
10,428 
79,124 

In 2018 inventory costs of $450.1 million (2017 - $467.7 million) were recognized in cost of goods sold. 
Clearwater  incurred  $1.2  million  (2017  -  $1.8  million)  in  inventory  write-downs  which  was  recognized  in 
cost of goods sold. For inventories pledged as security for long-term debt, refer to Note 13. 

7.   FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

The  Company  periodically  uses  derivative  instruments  as  part  of  an  active  risk  management  program.  
The  Company  designated  certain  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  related  to  USD  denominated 
interest payments as hedging instruments in a hedging accounting, qualifying hedging relationship (cash 
flow hedge). Changes in the fair value of derivatives in a qualifying hedging relationship are recognized in 
comprehensive income until the hedged risk affects income. The Company has elected not to use hedge 
accounting  on  the  remaining  derivative  instruments  and  consequently,  changes  in  their  fair  value  are 
recorded in the consolidated statement of earnings (loss).   

Summary of fair value of derivative financial instrument positions: 

As at December 31 

2018 

2017 

Derivative financial assets 
  Contracts in a current asset position 

  Contracts in a non-current asset position 

Derivative financial liabilities 

  Contracts in a current liability position 
  Contracts in a non-current liability position 

$ 

$ 

1,222 

12,671 

13,893 

$ 

$ 

(9,966) 
(497) 

$ 

(10,463) 

$ 

5,797 

141 

5,938 

(1,978) 
(7,142) 

(9,120) 

66 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(a)  Forward Foreign Exchange Contracts 

Clearwater has forward contracts maturing each month until June 2020 and forward contracts related to 
the USD Notes maturing May 2022 (Note 13). At December 31, 2018 Clearwater had outstanding forward 
contracts as follows: 

Average Weighted
average
contract

Currency 

Foreign currency  
notional amount (in 000's)  

exchange

months
rate to maturity

Fair value
asset (liability)

Contracts in a current asset position 

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 

13,750   

1.284 

7 

$

1,003 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
   Euro 
   Euro - GBP 

8,950   
13,540   

1.594 
0.911 

5   
8 

$

126 
93 
1,222 

Contracts in a non-current asset position 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 
   Euro - GBP 

Total contracts in an asset position 

34,375   

1.283 

28 

$

2,075 

200,000   
2,120   

1.284 
0.918 

40 
15 

Contracts in a current liability position 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
  Euro 
  USD 
  Yen 
  Euro - GBP 

24,060   
121,723   
2,928,300   
14,890   

1.550 
1.298 
0.0120 
0.889 

Contracts in a non-current liability position 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
  Euro 
  Yen 
  Euro - GBP 

5,620   
396,400   
1,870   

1.574 
0.0121 
0.900 

Total contracts in a liability position 

  $

6 
6 
6 
5 

$

15   
14   
15   

  $

10,584 
12 
12,671 

13,893 

(770)
(7,204)
(1,631)
(361)
(9,966)

(207)
(242)
(48)
(497)
(10,463)

67 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
  
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

At December 31, 2017, Clearwater had outstanding forward contracts as follows: 

Average  Weighted 
average 
contract 

Currency 

Foreign currency   
notional amount (in 000's)   

exchange 
rate 

months 
to maturity 

Fair value 
asset (liability) 

Contracts in a current asset position 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 

6,875 

1.237 

7 

$ 

122 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
  Euro 
  USD 
  Yen 
  Euro - GBP 
  USD - GBP 

4,700 
62,600 
1,461,000 
9,500 
5,220 

1.560 
1.323 
0.0120 
0.904 
0.766 

12 
6 
6 
8 
5 

$ 

Contracts in a non-current asset position 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 

17,188 

1.243 

28 

$ 

Total contracts in an asset position 

  $ 

84 
4,178 
1,012 
134 
267 
5,797 

141 
141 
5,938 

Contracts in a current liability position 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
   USD 

6,875 

1.336 

7 

$ 

(541) 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 
  Euro 
  USD 
  Yen 
  Euro - GBP 

27,700 
27,400 
715,000 
9,400 

1.497 
1.245 
0.0113 
0.866 

6 
9 
9 
4 

$ 

(750) 
(270) 
(21) 
(395) 
(1,978) 

Contracts in a non-current liability position 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 
USD 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 

30,938 

1.305 

38 

$ 

(1,504) 

  USD 

200,000 

1.284 

52 

Total contracts in a liability position 

(5,639) 
(7,142) 
(9,120) 

  $ 

68 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(b) Derivatives designated as Hedging Instruments 

Clearwater entered into  USD forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge a  portion of its USD interest 
payments, payable semi-annually in May and November each year. 

The following table summarizes amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive 
Income (Loss), the amounts reclassified from Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) (“ACL”) within 
equity and the amount recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss): 

Gain (loss) recognized in 

ACL   

Year ended
December 

(Gain) loss reclassified from 
ACL to Net Finance Costs
Year ended
December 

December 31
2018

31 December 31
2018

2017

Ineffectiveness recognized in 
Net Finance Costs
Year ended
December 
31
2017

31 December 31
2018

2017

4,859   
(1,482)  

3,377   

(1,781)
543 

(1,238)

(243)  
74   

(169)  

71 
(22)

49 

-   
-   

-   

- 
- 

- 

Derivatives in cash flow 
hedging relationship 
Forward foreign exchange 
contracts 
Income tax recovery (expense)  

Net gain (loss) 

$ 

(c)  Foreign exchange (gains) losses on long-term debt and working capital 
Year ended December 31 
Realized (gain) loss 
  Long-term debt and working capital 

$

2018

(5,514) $

2017

3,547 

Unrealized (gain) loss 

  Long term debt and working capital 

Forward foreign exchange contracts, cross currency swaps and cap on 
long-term debt 

Total unrealized (gain) loss 

(d)  Losses (gains) on contract derivatives 
Year ended December 31 

Realized (gain) loss 
  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Unrealized (gain) loss  
  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

30,798 

(23,693)

(16,223)

14,575 
9,061 

$

5,883 

(17,810)
(14,263)

$

2018

2017

1,321  $

(3,065)

14,477 
15,798  $

(980)
(4,045)

$

$

69 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(e)  Credit risk 

Credit risk refers to the risk of losses due to failure of Clearwater’s customers or other counterparties to 
meet their contractual obligations. Clearwater is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by 
counter  parties  to  its  derivative  financial  instruments  but  does  not  anticipate  non-performance  of  any  of 
the counter parties as Clearwater only deals with highly rated financial institutions. 

Clearwater  has  significant  accounts  receivable  from  customers  operating  in  Canada,  the  United  States, 
Europe  and  Asia.    Significant  portions  of  Clearwater’s  customers  from  a  sales  dollar  perspective  have 
been  transacting  with  Clearwater  in  excess  of  five  years  and  bad  debt  losses  have  been  minimal.  
Clearwater  has  a  policy  of  using  a  combination  of  credit  reporting  agencies,  credit  insurance,  letters  of 
credit and secured forms of payment to mitigate customer specific credit risk and country specific credit 
risk.    No  single  customer  of  Clearwater  represented  more  than  7%  of  total  sales  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2018. As a result, Clearwater does not have any significant concentration of credit risk. 

Clearwater’s trade accounts receivable aging based on the invoice due date was as follows: 

As at December 31 

0-30 days 
31-60 days 

over 60 days 

2018

93.8%

4.6%
1.6%

100.0%

2017

92.8%

5.7%
1.5%

100.0%

The  carrying  amount  of  accounts  receivable  is  reduced  by  an  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  of  $0.3 
million (2017 - $0.1 million).   

Clearwater  considers  the  probability  of  default  on  a  specific  account  basis,  which  involves  assessing 
whether there was a significant increase in credit risk.  Indicators include actual or expected changes in 
the  debtor’s  ability  to  pay  based  on  information  that  is  available  each  reporting  period;  monitoring  past 
due accounts and other external factors. Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts are summarized 
in the table below: 

As at  

Balance at January 1 

Allowance recognized 
Amounts recovered  

Amounts written off as uncollectible  
Foreign exchange 

Balance at December 31 

(f)  Foreign currency exchange rate risk  

December 31
2018

December 31
2017

$

$

$

147 

120 
(10)

- 
8 

265 

$

424 

263 
(12)

(247)
(281)

147 

Foreign currency exchange rate risk refers to the risk that the value of financial instruments or cash flows 
associated  with  the  instruments  will  fluctuate  due  to  changes  in  foreign  exchange  rates.  Approximately 
91%  (2017  -  88%)  of  Clearwater's  sales  are  in  currencies  other  than  Canadian  dollars,  whereas  the 
majority  of  expenses  are  in  Canadian  dollars.    As  a  result,  fluctuations  in  foreign  exchange  rates  may 
have a material impact on Clearwater's financial condition and operating results.   In addition, Clearwater 
has  subsidiaries  that  operate  in  the  offshore  scallop  fishery  in  Argentina  and  Scotland  which  exposes 
Clearwater to changes in the value of the Argentine Peso and GBP. 

70 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Risks associated with foreign exchange are partially mitigated by the following strategies: 

(1)  Diversify  sales  internationally  which  reduces  the  impact  of  any  country-specific  economic 

risks.  

(2)  Execute on pricing strategies so as to offset the impact of exchange rates.  
(3)  Limit  the  amount  of  long-term  sales  contracts  –  Clearwater  has  very  few  long-term  sales 
contracts with any customers.  Contracts are typically less than 6 months and are based on 
list prices that provide a margin for exchange rate fluctuations.  

(4)  Plan  conservatively  –  Clearwater  regularly  reviews  economist  estimates  of  future  exchange 

rates and uses conservative estimates when managing its business, and 

(5)  Foreign exchange hedging program – a portfolio of forward contracts enables Clearwater to 
lock in exchange rates for up to 18 months for key sales currencies (the US dollar, Euro, Yen 
and GBP) thereby lowering the potential volatility in cash flows through derivative contracts.   

On  April  26,  2017,  Clearwater  completed  an  offering  of  USD  $250  million  senior  unsecured  notes,  due 
2025  with  a  US  dollar  coupon  rate  of  6.875%  (“the  Notes”).  In  2017,  Clearwater  entered  into  forward 
foreign exchange contracts to hedge approximately 80% of the notional value of the Notes at an average 
rate of 1.2844 and approximately 80% of the coupon payments at an average rate of 1.2830 through to 
2022. 

The  carrying  amounts  of  Clearwater’s  foreign  currency  denominated  monetary  assets  and  monetary 
liabilities  (excluding  derivative  financial  instruments)  as  at  December  31,  2018  and  December  31,  2017 
were as follows (presented in Canadian dollars): 

As at December 31 

Cash  
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Long-term receivables 
Trade and other payables 
Long-term debt 
Other long-term liabilities 
Net exposure to foreign currency monetary items 

2018

2017

$

$

$

28,392 
58,583 
16,442 
3,151 
(24,982)
(367,593)
(308)
(286,315) $

9,685 
78,075 
9,618 
3,672 
(31,506)
(347,026)
(616)
(278,098)

The components of this net exposure by currency are as follows (in foreign currency ‘000’s) at December 
31, 2018:   

Argentine

December 31, 2018 

GBP

USD

Yen

Euros

RMB

DKK

Peso

Cash  

Trade receivables 

Other receivables 

Long term receivables 

Trade and other payables 

Long-term debt 

Other long-term liabilities 

8,018 

3,442 

1,169 

425 

1,508 

41,805 

2,302 

10,555  446,079 

21,003 

1,861 

1,400 

1,070 

(40)

- 

- 

6,501 

- 

- 

- 

- 

267 

316 

7,500 

2,516 

28,190 

- 

21,266 

(7,680)

(6,525)

(13,531)

(582)

6,272 

(719)

(75,455)

(11,470) (254,965)

(177)

- 

- 

- 

40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Net exposure to foreign currency 
monetary items 

(5,746) (246,463) 433,717 

27,387 

7,780 

51,102 

(25,416)

71 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The components of this net exposure by currency are as follows (in foreign currency ‘000’s) at December 
31, 2017:   

Argentine

December 31, 2017 

GBP

USD

Yen

Euros

RMB

DKK

Peso

Cash  

Trade receivables 

Other receivables 

Long term receivables 

Trade and other payables 

Long-term debt 

Other long term liabilities 

285 

475 

2,032 

1,400 

2,517 

13,949 

414 

1,551 

24,583 

20,610  567,467 

29,313 

1,333 

660 

2,547 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,950 

(3,432)

21,873 

- 

19,958 

212 

154 

(11,023)

(1,745)

(14,702)

(2,588)

2,290 

(2,595) (100,333)

(16,835) (253,879)

(365)

- 

- 

- 

40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Net exposure to foreign currency 
monetary items 

(24,031) (231,164) 567,374 

29,726 

3,841 

26,506 

(58,136)

The  following  table  details  Clearwater’s  sensitivity  to  a  10%  change  in  the  exchange  rates  against  the 
Canadian  dollar.  The  sensitivity  analysis  includes  outstanding  foreign  currency  denominated  monetary 
items and adjusts their translation at the period end for a 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates. 
The change below is calculated based on the net exposure to foreign currency monetary items.  

(In '000 of Canadian dollars) 
GBP 
USD 
Yen 
Euros 
RMB 
DKK 
Argentine Peso 

(g)  Interest rate risk  

2018
(1,000)
(33,610)
540 
4,282 
154 
1,070 
(92)

2017
(4,059)
(28,968)
630 
4,459 
74 
534 
(381)

Interest rate risk refers to the risk that the value of a financial instrument or cash flow associated with the 
instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. Clearwater’s interest rate risk arises from 
long-term borrowings issued at fixed rates which create fair value interest rate risk.  Clearwater’s variable 
rate borrowings create cash flow interest rate risk.  

Clearwater’s  long-term  debt  is  carried  at  amortized  cost.    In  2017,  prior  to  the  refinancing  on  April  26, 
2017, the embedded interest rate floor in Term Loan B was recorded at fair value through earnings (loss).  

Clearwater  manages  its  interest  rate  risk  exposure  by  using  a  mix  of  fixed  and  variable  rate  debt.    In 
2017,  Clearwater  replaced  its  long-term  debt  with  fixed  rate  USD  Notes  and  a  variable  rate  Revolving 
Credit facility and Term Loan B facility (Note 13). As at December 31, 2018, approximately 76% (2017 – 
68%) of Clearwater’s debt  of $463.4 million (2017 - $473.2 million)  was fixed rate debt  with a  weighted 
average interest rate of 6.3% (2017 – 5.8%). A 1% change in interest rates for variable rate borrowings 
would result in a $0.9 million increase (or decrease) in interest expense. 

72 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(h)  Liquidity risk 

Liquidity  risk  is  the  risk  that  Clearwater  will  encounter  difficulty  in  meeting  obligations  associated  with 
financial  liabilities.    Clearwater  manages  liquidity  risk  by  monitoring  forecasted  and  actual  cash  flows, 
minimizing  reliance  on  any  single  source  of  credit,  maintaining  sufficient  undrawn  committed  credit 
facilities and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and financial liabilities.  

Clearwater’s debt facilities are subject to certain financial and non-financial covenants.  Clearwater is in 
compliance with all covenants associated with its debt facilities as of December 31, 2018.    

Clearwater’s  financing  needs  follow  a  seasonal  pattern  with  working  capital  and  debt  increasing  in  the 
second  and  third  quarter  of  the  year  as  inventories  are  built  up  over  the  primary  fishing  seasons  with 
sales  typically  increasing  in  the  third  and  fourth  quarters  of  the  year,  reducing  leverage  over  those 
periods.   Management  has  structured  its  financing  facilities  reflecting  this  pattern  and  works  with  its 
lenders to set financial covenants which consider seasonal liquidity requirements.  

The  following  are  the  contractual  maturities  of  non-derivative  financial  liabilities,  derivative  financial 
instruments,  operating  leases  and  other  commitments.  The  table  includes  undiscounted  cash  flows  of 
financial  liabilities,  operating  leases  and  other  commitments,  interest  and  principal  cash  flows  based  on 
the earliest date on which Clearwater is required to pay.  

December 31, 2018 
Interest - long-term debt 
Principal repayments - long-term 
debt  

Carrying 
Amount 

Total 
Contractual 
Cash Flow 

$ 

- $ 

182,056 $ 

  2020 

2019 
27,951 $  27,561  $ 

  2022 

2021 
27,545 $  24,989 $ 

2023 
23,719 $ 

  >2024 

50,291 

463,417  

463,417  

23,269  

10,080   

1,467  

91,146  

-  

337,455 

Total long-term debt  

463,417  

645,473  

51,220  

37,641   

29,012   116,135  

23,719  

387,746 

Trade and other payables 
Operating leases and other 
Capital and maintenance projects 
Derivative financial instruments - 
liabilities 

70,507  
-  
-  

70,507  
10,501  
262  

70,507  
4,882  
262  

-   
2,874   
-   

-  
1,258  
-  

-  
687  
-  

-  
270  
-  

10,463  

10,463  

9,966  

497   

-  

-  

-  

- 
530 
- 

- 

$  544,387 $ 

737,206 $  136,837 $  41,012  $ 

30,270 $  116,822 $ 

23,989 $  388,276 

Included in the above commitments for “operating leases and other” are amounts to which Clearwater is 
committed directly -  and indirectly through its partnerships - for various licences and  lease agreements, 
office,  machinery  and  vehicle  leases,  and  vessel  and  equipment  commitments.    These  commitments 
require approximate minimum annual payments in each of the next five years as shown above.  

Also  included  in  commitments  for  operating  leases  and  other,  are  (i)  amounts  to  be  paid  to  a  company 
controlled by a director of Clearwater over a period of years ending in 2020 for vehicle and office leases, 
which aggregate approximately $0.04 million (2017 - $0.07 million). 

73 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(i)  Fair value of financial instruments 

The following tables set out Clearwater’s classification and carrying amount, together with fair value, for 
each type of non-derivative and derivative financial asset and liability: 

December 31, 2018 
Assets: 
  Cash 
  Trade and other receivables  

Long-term receivables  

  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Liabilities: 
  Trade and other payables1 

Long-term debt2 

  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

$

$

$

$

35,887  $

- 
- 
10,815 
46,702  $

-  $

(3,513) 
(10,463) 
(13,976)  $

FVTPL

FV Hedging Amortized cost

Total 

Carrying
amount

-  $
- 
- 
3,078 
3,078  $

-  $

85,244 
4,970 
- 

90,214  $

35,887  $
85,244 
4,970 
13,893 
139,994  $

Fair 
 value

35,887 
85,244 
4,970 
13,893 
139,994 

-  $
- 
- 
-  $

(70,507)  $

(459,904) 
- 

(530,411)  $

(70,507)  $

(463,417) 
(10,463) 
(544,387)  $

(70,507) 
(450,098) 
(10,463) 
(531,068) 

1 Trade and other payables includes share-based compensation of $3.5 million which is not recorded at amortized cost. Refer to 
Note 21. 
2 Earnout liability is recorded at fair value through profit or loss. 

December 31, 2017 
Assets: 
  Cash 
  Trade and other receivables  

Long-term receivables  

  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Liabilities: 
  Trade and other payables1 

Long-term debt2 

  Forward foreign exchange contracts 

$

$

$

$

FVTPL

FV Hedging Amortized cost

35,514  $

- 
- 
5,675 
41,189  $

-  $
- 
- 
263 
263  $

-  $

103,096 
5,077 
- 

108,173  $

Total 

Carrying
amount

35,514  $

103,096 
5,077 
5,938 
149,625  $

Fair
 value

35,514 
103,096 
5,077 
5,938 
149,625 

-  $

(5,278)
(7,075)
(12,354) $

-  $
- 
(2,045)
(2,045) $

(80,411) $

(467,895)
- 

(548,306) $

(80,411) $

(473,173)
(9,120)
(562,704) $

(80,411)
(491,079)
(9,120)
(580,610)

1 Trade and other payables includes share-based compensation of $4.7 million which is not recorded at amortized cost. Refer to 
Note 21. 

2 Earnout liability is recorded at fair value through profit or loss. 

Fair value of financial instruments carried at amortized cost: 

Except  as  detailed  above,  Clearwater  considers  the  carrying  amounts  of  financial  assets  and  financial 
liabilities  recognized  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  to  approximate  their  fair  values.  For  cash, 
trade  and  other  receivables,  and  trade  and  other  payables,  the  carrying  value  approximates  their  fair 
values  due to the short-term maturity of these  instruments. The fair values  of the  long-term receivables 
are not materially different from their carrying values. 

The estimated fair value of Clearwater’s long-term debt for which carrying value did not approximate fair 
value  at December 31, 2018  was $354.3 million (December 31, 2017 - $363.5  million) and the carrying 
value was $367.7 million (December 31, 2017 – $345.7 million). The fair value of long-term debt has been 
classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy (described below) and was estimated based on discounted 
cash flows using current rates for similar financial instruments subject to similar risks and maturities. 

74 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(j)  Fair value hierarchy   

Assets  and  liabilities  carried  at  fair  value  are  classified  using  a  three-level  hierarchy  that  reflects  the 
significance of the inputs used in making the fair value measurements. The levels are defined as follows:  

•  Level 1: Fair value measurements derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for 

identical assets or liabilities 

•  Level  2:  Fair  value  measurements  derived  from  inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within 
Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. 
derived from prices) 

•  Level  3:  Fair  value  measurements  derived  from  valuation  techniques  that  include  inputs  for  the 

asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs) 

The  table  below  sets  out  fair  value  measurements  of  financial  instruments  carried  at  fair  value  through 
profit and loss and fair value hedging instruments using the fair value hierarchy: 

December 31, 2018 
Recurring measurements 

Financial Assets: 

Cash 
Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Financial Liabilities: 
Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Earnout liability 

December 31, 2017 
Recurring measurements 

Financial Assets: 

Cash 
Forward foreign exchange contracts 

Financial Liabilities: 

Forward foreign exchange contracts 
Earnout liability 

Level 1  

Level 2  

Level 3

$

$

$

$

$

$

35,887   $

-   $

-  

13,893  

35,887   $

13,893   $

-    
-  
-   $

10,463    
-  

10,463   $

- 
- 

- 

- 

3,513 
3,513 

Level 1  

Level 2  

Level 3

35,514   $

-   $

5,938  

35,514   $

5,938   $

- 

- 

-    
-  

9,120    
-  

-   $

9,120   $

- 
5,278 

5,278 

There were no transfers between levels during the periods ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 
2017. 

75 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Clearwater used the following techniques to value financial instruments categorized in Level 2:  

•  Forward foreign exchange contracts are measured using present value techniques. Future cash 
flows  are  estimated  based  on  forward  exchange  rates  (from  observable  exchange  rates  at  the 
end of the reporting period) and contract forward rates, discounted at a rate that reflects the credit 
risk of Clearwater and the various counterparties.  

The Earnout liability relating to the Macduff acquisition is a financial liability categorized as Level 3 as the 
fair  value  measurement  of  this  financial  liability  is  based  on  significant  inputs  not  observable  in  the 
market. 

To determine the fair value of the Earnout liability three primary sources of risk are assessed (i) the risk 
associated with the underlying performance of Macduff’s Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and 
amortization (“EBITDA”); (ii) the risk associated with the functional form of the Earnout liability payments; 
and (iii) the credit risk associated with the future Earnout liability payments. The fair value of the Earnout 
liability payments is estimated based on a Monte Carlo simulation under a risk-neutral framework. The fair 
value  of  the  Earnout  liability  is  estimated  based  on  discounted  expected  future  EBITDA  cash  flows  for 
Macduff for the remaining period ending December 31, 2020. The following inputs and assumptions were 
used in calculating the fair value of the Earnout liability including: 

•  Payment  dates:  The  Earnout  liability  is  be  payable  for  the  periods  ending  December  31,  2018 
through December 31,  2020, based on the expected  pattern of the Deferred Obligation and the 
expected outstanding amount of Deferred Obligation at the end of each year. 

•  Forecasted EBITDA: Management’s forecast for the remaining period; 
•  Risk adjusted discount rate: 7.5% 
•  Asset  volatility:  The  estimated  asset  volatility  of  Macduff  is  based  on  its  observable  historical 
EBITDA volatility. In the context of calculating the asset volatility, the following inputs to derive the 
asset volatility were used: 

o  Debt value: 1.8x EBITDA 
o  Enterprise Value: 7.5x EBITDA 
o  EBITDA volatility: 26% 

A  risk  adjusted  payout  is  calculated  at  each  time  period  and  discounted  at  the  risk-adjusted  rate  to  the 
valuation date. This process is simulated 100,000 times and the expected value of the Earnout liability is 
retrieved. Based on the method stated above, the fair value of the Earnout liability was determined to be 
£2.0 million (CDN $3.5 million) as at December 31, 2018. 

The  change  in  the  fair  value  of  the  Earnout  liability  for  the  Year  ended  December  31,  2018  was  a 
decrease of £0.4 million (CDN $0.6 million) (2017 - decrease of £1.6 million (CDN $2.7 million)). 

The fair value estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that Clearwater will receive or pay 
at the settlement of the contracts.  

76 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

8.   LONG-TERM RECEIVABLES 

As at December 31 
Advances to fishermen 
Other 

$

$

2018
4,930 
40 
4,970  $

2017
5,077 
- 
5,077 

Certain  advances  to  fishermen  are  made  for  a  fixed  term,  secured  by  an  assignment  of  catch  and  are 
non-interest bearing unless there is no supply for 6 weeks, at which time the loans become repayable in 
installments and are interest bearing. Other advances to fishermen bear interest at prime plus 1% - 3% 
(2017 - prime plus 2% - 3%) are due on demand, and are secured by an assignment of catch, a marine 
mortgage on the related vessels, equipment and licences.   

Advances to fishermen are presented as non-current as the entire balances are not expected to be repaid 
in  the  current  year  and  it  is  not  Clearwater’s  intention  to  demand  payment  unless  the  terms  of  the 
advance  agreements  are  not  met.  Certain  advances  to  fishermen  are  denominated  in  Pounds  Sterling 
(see Note 7 (h)).  There is no material expected loss provision on long-term receivables. 

9.   PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

Land and land 
improvements 

Building and 
wharves 

Equipment 

Vessels and 
vessel 
equipment 

Construction 
in progress  Total PPE 

Deferred 
Gov't 
Assistance 

Total 

Cost  
Balance at January 1, 2018 
Additions 
Disposals 
Reclassifications and other 
adjustments 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 
Balance at December 31, 2018 

Accumulated depreciation 
Balance at January 1, 2018 
Depreciation for the year 
Disposals 
Reclassifications and other 
adjustments 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 
Balance at December 31, 2018 

Carrying amounts 
At January 1, 2018 
At December 31, 2018 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

2,877  $
- 
- 

69,212  $  87,878  $ 312,449  $
12 
(899)

- 
(4,381)

- 
(369)

85,875  $ 558,291  $ (10,122) $  548,169 
  19,124 
19,112 
(5,649)
- 

19,124 
(5,649)

- 
- 

- 

3,035 

14,112 

78,912 

(96,190)

(131)

- 

(131)

(3)
2,874  $

(132)

588 
71,746  $  101,691  $ 382,300  $

(4,680)

75 

(4,152)
8,872  $ 567,483  $ (10,122) $  557,361 

(4,152)

- 

1,035  $
19 
- 

52,223  $  65,543  $ 165,902  $
6,850 
2,552 
(720)
(369)

32,099 
(3,954)

-  $ 284,703  $
- 
- 

41,520 
(5,043)

(8,605) $  276,098 
  41,216 
(5,043)

(304)
- 

- 

(43)

45 

- 

- 

2 

- 

2 

- 
1,054  $

47 

347 
54,410  $  72,065  $ 192,595  $

(1,452)

(1,058)

- 
-  $ 320,124  $

29 

(1,029)
(8,880) $  311,244 

1,842  $
1,820  $

16,989  $  22,335  $ 146,547  $
17,336  $  29,626  $ 189,705  $

85,875  $ 273,588  $
8,872  $ 247,359  $

(1,517) $  272,071 
(1,242) $  246,117 

77 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Land and land 
improvements 

Building and 
wharves 

Equipment 

Vessels and 
vessel 
equipment 

Construction 
in progress  Total PPE 

Deferred 
Gov't 
Assistance 

Total 

Cost  
Balance at January 1, 2017 
Additions 
Disposals  
Reclassification and other 
adjustments 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Accumulated depreciation  
Balance at January 1, 2017 
Depreciation for the year 
Disposals 
Reclassifications and other 
adjustments 
Effect of movements in exchange 
rates 
Balance at December 31, 2017 

Carrying amounts 
At January 1, 2017 
At December 31, 2017 

$

$

$

$

$
$

2,819  $
- 
- 

67,102  $
47 
(11)

73,024  $ 325,083  $ 

254 
(15)

6,428 
(26,952)

36,043  $  504,071  $
78,702 
- 

  85,431 
(26,978)

(8,962) $ 495,109 
85,431 
(26,978)

- 
- 

62 

2,293 

14,407 

12,923 

(28,998)

687 

(1,160)

(473)

(4)
2,877  $

(219)
69,212  $

208 

(5,033)

87,878  $ 312,449  $ 

128 

(4,920)
85,875  $  558,291  $ (10,122) $ 548,169 

(4,920)

- 

1,005  $
30 
- 

49,695  $
2,532 
(11)

60,320  $ 158,515  $ 

5,082 
(15)

33,037 
(24,760)

7  $  269,542  $
  40,681 
- 
(24,786)
- 

(8,240) $ 261,302 
40,304 
(24,786)

(377)
- 

- 

- 
1,035  $

- 

7 

(7)

630 

(7)

616 

- 

616 

163 

(1,520)

52,223  $

65,543  $ 165,902  $ 

(1,350)

- 
-  $  284,703  $

12 

(1,338)
(8,605) $ 276,098 

1,814  $
1,842  $

17,407  $
16,989  $

12,704  $ 166,568  $ 
22,335  $ 146,547  $ 

36,036  $  234,529  $
85,875  $  273,588  $

(722) $ 233,807 
(1,517) $ 272,071 

Total  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  related  to  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  definite-life 
intangible assets for 2018 was $44.9 million (2017 - $45.4 million). In 2018, $46.4 million (2017 - $42.3 
million)  of  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  for  assets  used  in  the  harvesting  and  production  of 
goods was included in the cost of inventory and cost of goods sold and $2.5 million (2017 – $3.0 million) 
was recorded in administrative and selling costs for assets used in administrative activities. For property, 
plant and equipment pledged as security for long-term debt, refer to Note 13. 

78 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

10.    INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

Intangible assets 

Goodwill 

Brand 
names 

Computer 
software 

Indefinite life 
assets 

Fishing 
rights 

Total 

Goodwill and 
intangible 
asset total 

Cost  
  Balance at January 1, 2017 
  Additions 
  Foreign currency exchange translation 
  Balance at December 31, 2017 

  Additions 
  Disposal 
  Foreign currency exchange translation 
  Balance at December 31, 2018 

Accumulated amortization  
  Balance at January 1, 2017 
  Amortization 
  Foreign currency exchange translation 
  Balance at December 31, 2017 

  Amortization 
  Disposal 
  Foreign currency exchange translation 
  Balance at December 31, 2018 

Carrying amounts 
  As at December 31, 2017 
  As at December 31, 2018 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

49,781  $ 

10,216  $ 

-   
415   
50,196   

-   
186   
10,402   

21,078  $ 
996   
-   
22,074   

153,726  $ 

25,664  $ 

-   
727   
154,453   

-   
(356)  
25,308   

210,684  $ 
996   
557   
212,237   

-   
-   
(1,573)  
48,623  $ 

-   
-   
315   
10,717  $ 

-   
(197)  
-   

21,877  $ 

119   
(596)  
1,777   
155,753  $ 

-   
-   
(340)  
24,968  $ 

119   
(793)  
1,752   
213,315  $ 

-  $ 
-   
-   
-   

-   
-   
-   
-  $ 

-  $ 
-   
-   
-   

-   
-   
-   
-  $ 

2,392  $ 
3,224   
-   
5,616   

3,137   
(107)  
-   

8,646  $ 

-  $ 
-   
-   
-   

-   
-   
-   
-  $ 

10,971  $ 
1,900   
(65)  
12,806   

516   
-   
(75)  
13,247   

13,363  $ 
5,124   
(65)  
18,422   

3,653   
(107)  
(75)  
21,893  $ 

260,465 

996 

972 

262,433 

119 

(793) 

179 

261,938 

13,363 

5,124 

(65) 

18,422 

3,653 

(107) 

(75) 

21,893 

50,196  $ 
48,623  $ 

10,402  $ 
10,717  $ 

16,458  $ 
13,231  $ 

154,453  $ 
155,753  $ 

12,502   
11,721   

193,815  $ 
191,422  $ 

244,011 

240,045 

Clearwater maintains fishing licences and rights to ensure continued access to the underlying resource. 
Fishing licences have an indefinite life as they have nominal annual renewal fees, which are expensed as 
incurred, and the underlying stocks of the species are healthy. The licences and goodwill are tested for 
impairment annually and when circumstances indicate the carrying value may be impaired. 

Indefinite life licences, brand names, patents and goodwill 

Annual impairment testing for each CGU was performed using a VIU approach as of December 31, 2018. 
The  recoverable  amount  is  the  higher  of  the  VIU  and  fair  value  less  cost  of  disposal.  The  VIU  for  all 
CGU’s  were  determined  to  be  higher  than  their  carrying  amounts  and  therefore  no  impairments  were 
recorded during 2018.  

The  value  in  use  was  determined  by  discounting  the  projected  future  cash  flows  generated  from 
operations for the applicable CGU. Unless otherwise indicated in notes i – iii, the assumptions used in the 
goodwill and indefinite life intangible assets value in use for 2018 were determined similarly to those used 
in 2017. 

79 | P a g e  

 
   
   
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The carrying value of Clearwater’s significant CGU’s are as follows: 

As at December 31 
Scallops 
   Indefinite life assets 
MacDuff 
   Goodwill 
   Indefinite life assets 
   Brand names 
Brand names 
   Goodwill 
   Indefinite life assets 

December 31 
2018

December 31
2017

$ 

53,541  $ 

54,456 

42,985 
76,652 
10,717 

5,638 
25,560 
215,093  $ 

44,558 
74,886 
10,402 

5,638 
25,111 
215,051 

$ 

The discounted cash flows used in determining the recoverable amounts were based on the following key 
assumptions: 

i)  Cash flows from operations were projected for a period of five years based on a combination 
of  past  experience,  actual  operating  results  and  forecasted  earnings.  Terminal  values  and 
forecasts for future periods were extrapolated using inflation rates of 2% - 2.5% (2017: 2% - 
2.5%).  

ii)  Pre-tax discount rates ranging from 9% - 13% (2017: 9% - 13%) were applied in determining 
the  recoverable  amount  of  the  CGU’s.    The  discount  rates  were  estimated  based  upon 
weighted average cost of capital, and associated risk for the CGU.   

iii)  Cash  flow  adjustments  for  capital  expenditures  were  based  upon  a  management  approved 
capital expenditure forecast, and terminal  year capital expenditures were based on required 
refits over the period of the fishing licence.  

   The following assumptions were used for each individual CGU: 

Argentine scallops 
Clams 
Turbot 
CDN scallops 
FAS shrimp 
Lobster 
MacDuff 
Other 

Terminal growth rate 

Pre-tax discount rates 

2018
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.5%
2.0%

2017
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.5%
2.0%

2018
13.0%
9.5%
9.5%
9.5%
9.5%
10.0%
11.0%
9.0%

2017
13.0%
9.5%
9.5%
9.5%
9.5%
10.0%
11.0%
9.0%

The values assigned to the key assumptions represent management’s assessment of future trends in the 
industry and are based on both internal and external sources.  

Definite life fishing rights 

Amortization relates to fishing rights. Amortization is allocated to the cost of inventory and is recognized in 
cost of goods sold as inventory is sold.   

Refer to Note 13 for assets pledged as security for long-term debt. 

80 | P a g e  

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Computer software 

Clearwater  implemented  a  new  enterprise  resource  planning  system  (“ERP”)  in  2016  and  began 
amortizing on a straight-line basis over 3 - 8 years, beginning in the second quarter of 2016. 

11.   INVESTMENT IN EQUITY INVESTEE 

The following table summarizes the financial information of Adams and Knickle Limited, a joint venture in 
which Clearwater owns 50% and is accounted for using the equity method: 

Year ended December 31 

2018

2017

Carrying amount of interest in joint venture 

$ 

9,382 $ 

9,817 

Share of: 

Earnings for the year 
Dividends from joint venture 

12.   INCOME TAXES  

(a)  Reconciliation of income tax expense 

2,923  
3,228  

2,656 
3,340 

The  effective  rate  on  Clearwater's  earnings  before  income  taxes  differs  from  the  expected  amount  that 
would arise using the combined Canadian federal and provincial statutory income tax rates.  

A reconciliation of the difference is as follows: 

Year ended December 31 
Earnings (loss) before income taxes 
Combined tax rates 
Income tax provision at statutory rates 

Add (deduct): 
   Income of partnerships taxed in the hands of the partners 
   Permanent differences 
   Benefit of non-capital loss not recognized 
   Benefit of capital loss not recognized 
   Recognition of previously unrecognized deferred tax assets 
   Effect of rate differences 
   Income of foreign subsidiary not subject to tax 
   Other 
Actual provision 

(b)  Income tax expense  

$

$

$

$

2018
(1,966) $
30.5%
(600) $

(3,618) $
4,452 
-  
4,099  
(2,636)
(22)
1,153 
(1,088)
1,740 

$

2017
35,897 
30.5%
10,949 

(2,458)
(2,565)
5,451 
- 
(2,970)
639 
(50)
(1,338)
7,658 

The components of the income tax expense (recovery) for the year are as follows: 

Year ended December 31 
Current income tax expense 
Deferred tax expense (recovery) 

(c)  Deferred tax assets and liabilities  

$

$

2018 
6,318 
(4,578) 
1,740 

$

$

2017
12,375 
(4,717)
7,658 

81 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following:  

Year ended December 31 
Deferred tax assets: 
  Non-capital loss carry-forwards 
  Unrealized foreign exchange 
  Share issuance costs 
  Reserve for unpaid share-based compensation 
  Capital losses 
  Other 

Deferred tax liabilities: 
  Licences and intangibles 
  Unrealized foreign exchange 
  Property, plant and equipment 
  Long-term debt 

Classified in the consolidated statement of financial position as: 

Deferred tax asset  
Deferred tax liability  

2018

2017

$

$

$

20,770 
- 
418 
798 
- 
2,371 

(22,422)
(1,215)
(3,235)
(1,051)
(3,566) $

14,266 
(17,832)

$

(3,566) $

18,198 
1,472 
805 
1,094 
3,590 
656 

(22,932)
- 
(5,227)
(4,147)
(6,491)

11,349 
(17,840)
(6,491)

The  net  change  in  deferred  income  taxes  is  reflected  in  deferred  income  tax  recovery  of  $4.6  million 
(2017  -  $4.7  million),  plus  $1.4  million  (2017  –  recovery  $0.5  million)  of  deferred  tax  expense  recorded 
through  other  comprehensive  loss  (Note  7  (b)),  less  the  foreign  exchange  effect  of  deferred  taxes  of 
foreign subsidiaries totaling $0.3 million (2017 – $0.1 million),  the  effect of which  was recorded through 
foreign exchange.  

The deferred tax asset recorded for non-capital loss carry-forwards is recognized based on Clearwater's 
estimate  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  than  it  will  earn  sufficient  taxable  profits  to  utilize  these  losses 
before they expire. 

Unrecognized deferred tax assets 

Clearwater has the following deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and unused tax credits 
for which no deferred tax asset is recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position. 
Clearwater 
Seafoods Inc. 
- 
20,244  
68,089  
-  

Non-capital losses 
Investment tax credits 
Capital losses 
Accounts receivable 

Subsidiary 
Corporations 
6,665 
930  
380  
13,750  

6,665  2026 - 2037 
21,174  2023 - 2038 
68,469 
13,750 

No expiry 
N/A 

Expiry 

Total 

$

$

$

Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities 

Deferred tax  is not recognized on the  unremitted earnings of subsidiaries  and other  investments as the 
Company is in a position to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that such 
differences  will  not  reverse  in  the  foreseeable  future.  The  unrecognized  temporary  difference  at 
December  31,  2018  for  the  Company's  subsidiaries  was  $95.3  million  (December  31,  2017  -  $84.2 
million). 

82 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

13.   LONG-TERM DEBT 

As at December 31 

Senior debt (a): 

2018

2017

  USD senior unsecured notes, due May 2025 (USD $250,000) 

$

333,955 

$

306,684 

Term loan B, due May 2022 

      Revolving credit facility, due May 2022 
Deferred obligation (b) 

Earnout liability (b) 
Term loan, due June 2019 (c) 

Term loan, due in 2091 (d) 
Other loans 
Total debt 
Less: current portion 1 

34,177 
58,019 

16,504 
3,513 

13,637 
3,500 

112 
463,417 
(23,269)

34,466 
87,682 

23,181 
5,278 

12,215 
3,500 

167 
473,173 
(21,025)

Total long-term debt 
1   Current portion of long-term debt includes scheduled payments related to the Senior debt, Deferred Obligation 

$

440,148 

$

452,148 

payments, less accretion during the period and minimum payment related to the Earnout Liability. 

(a) 

Senior debt 

In April 2017, Clearwater refinanced its senior debt facilities.  The Company issued USD $250 million of 
6.875%  Senior  Notes  due  May  2025  (the  “Senior  Notes”).    Concurrent  with  issuing  the  Senior  Notes, 
Clearwater  entered  into  new  senior  secured  credit  facilities  in  an  aggregate  availability  of  CDN  $335 
million,  consisting  of  a  CDN  $300  million  revolving  credit  facility  and  a  CDN  $35  million  amortizing 
secured  term  loan  (“Term  Loan  B”),  each  maturing  in  2022  (the  “Senior  Secured  Credit  Facilities”). 
Clearwater  used  the  net  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  the  Senior  Notes,  together  with  the  new  borrowings 
under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, to refinance existing senior secured credit facilities (Term Loan 
A, Term Loan  B that  were  due  in June  2018 and June 2019 and senior revolving credit facility) and for 
general corporate purposes.   

The refinancing was accounted for as a settlement of the prior facilities and consequently $4.2 million of 
unamortized  deferred  financing  costs  and  refinancing  costs  were  recorded  within  Net  Finance  Costs 
(refer to Note 13 (e)).  Financing costs related to the Senior Notes and Senior Secured Credit Facilities of 
$12.0 million had been deferred and amortized into interest using the effective interest method over the 
term of the debt. 

On March 29, 2018, Clearwater amended the terms of the secured credit facility agreement to temporarily 
increase  the  secured  indebtedness  to  EBITDA  covenant  requirement  for  the  duration  of  2018  and 
obtained  a  reduction  in  the  availability  on  the  revolving  credit  facility  from  $300  million  to  $200  million.  
The transaction costs of $0.2 million  were added to deferred financing costs and will be amortized over 
the remaining term of the credit facility using the effective interest rate. 

As  at  December  31,  2018,  Senior  debt  consists  of  Senior  Notes,  a  Term  Loan  B  facility  and  revolving 
credit facility.   

Senior  Notes,  due  2025  –  The  USD  $250.0  million  (CDN  $340.9  million)  Senior  Notes  have  a  coupon 
rate  of  6.875%,  with  coupon  payments  payable  in  semi-annual  installments  of  USD  $8.6  million  (CDN 
$11.7  million)  in  May  and  November  each  year.    The  balance  is  shown  net  of  unamortized  deferred 
financing  charges  of  USD  $5.1  million  (CDN  $7.0  million)  which  resulted  in  an  effective  interest  rate  of 
7.20%. 

Refer to Note 7 for details on forward foreign exchange contracts used to economically hedge a portion of 
the foreign exchange risk related to the notional and coupon payments for the Senior Notes. 

83 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Term Loan B facility, due 2022 – The Term Loan B consists of an initial term loan of CDN $35.0 million.  
The  principal  outstanding  as  at  December  31,  2018  was  CDN  $34.4  million.    The  loan  is  repayable  in 
quarterly installments totalling $0.35 million per year, with the balance due at maturity in May 2022.  The 
facility bears interest ranging from banker’s acceptance rate (“BA rate”) plus 2.50% to 3.25%. The range 
is  determined  quarterly  based  on  a  ratio  of  Senior  Secured  Indebtedness  to  EBITDA,  with  EBITDA 
calculated  on a trailing twelve-month basis.  The balance is shown  net of deferred financing charges of 
CDN $0.2 million resulting in an effective interest rate of 4.46%. 

Revolving  credit  facility,  due  2022  –  The  CDN  $200  million  revolving  credit  facility  can  be  drawn  in 
CDN,  USD,  EUR,  YEN  or  GBP.  As  at  December  31,  2018  the  balances  were  drawn  in  CDN  and  bear 
interest at the BA rate plus 1.50% to 2.25%. The range is determined quarterly based on a ratio of Senior 
Secured Indebtedness to EBITDA, with EBITDA calculated on a trailing twelve-month basis.  The balance 
is shown net  of deferred financing charges of CDN $2.0 million, resulting in  effective rates of 4.53% for 
CDN  balances.  The  availability  of  this  facility,  subject  to  financial  covenants,  is  further  reduced  by  the 
term  loan  outstanding  in  note  (c),  as  such  the  availability  as  at  December  31,  2018  was  approximately 
CDN  $90.3  million.  The  facility  has  standby  fees  ranging  from  0.25%  to  0.30%  based  upon  the  Senior 
Secured Indebtedness to EBITDA ratio as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter. 

The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan B, due 2022, are secured by a first charge on cash, trade 
and other receivables, inventories, marine vessels, licences and quotas, and Clearwater’s investments in 
certain subsidiaries. 

In  addition  to  the  minimum  principal  payments  for  Term  Loan  B,  the  loan  agreement  requires  that 
between  0%  and  50%  of  excess  cash  flow  (defined  in  the  loan  agreement  as  EBITDA,  excluding  non-
controlling interest in EBITDA less principal debt repayments (excluding revolver payments), less interest 
expense,  less  capital  expenditures  funded  through  operating  cash  flows,  less  certain  tax  expenses),  be 
used  to  repay  the  principal  based  on  the  previous  fiscal  year’s  results  upon  approval  of  the  annual 
consolidated  financial  statements.  No  principal  repayment  was  required  under  this  condition  in  2017  or 
2018.    

(b)  Deferred Obligation and Earnout Liability  

In connection with the 2015 acquisition of MacDuff, there are two components of the purchase price that 
are to be paid in future periods as discussed below: 

(i) 

Deferred obligation 

The  Deferred  Obligation  relates  to  deferred  payments  for  33.75%  of  the  shares  of  Macduff  acquired  by 
Clearwater  (the  "Earn  Out  Shares")  in  2015.  Excluding  the  fair  value  adjustment  on  acquisition,  the 
principal balance outstanding as at December 31, 2018 is £10.5 million (CDN $18.3 million) (December 
31,  2017  -  £15.7  million  (CDN  $26.5  million))  and  does  not  bear  interest.  The  Deferred  Obligation  is 
recorded  at  the discounted amount based on estimated timing of payment  and is being accreted to the 
principal  amount  over  the  estimated  term  using  the  effective  interest  method  with  an  effective  average 
interest rate of 7.44%.   

84 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The following is a reconciliation of the Deferred Obligation: 

Balance - at acquisition 
Accretion  
Principal repayments 

Effect of movement in foreign exchange 
Balance - December 31, 2017 

Accretion - Year ended December 31, 2018 
Principal repayment 
Effect of movement in foreign exchange 

Balance - December 31, 2018 

$

GBP 
20,925  
3,262  
(10,462)  

-  

13,725  

$

991  
(5,231)  
-  
9,485  

$

£

£

£

CDN
42,388 
5,722 
(17,539)

(7,390)

23,181 

1,720 
(8,903)
506 
16,504 

On October 30th of each year, the holders of the Earn Out Shares can elect to be paid up to 20% of the 
original Deferred Obligation amount.  Beginning in 2017, Clearwater had the right to exercise the payout 
of 20% of the Deferred Obligation annually.  The percentage of the Deferred Obligation remaining unpaid 
will impact the fair value of the future performance component of the additional consideration, the Earnout 
liability.  

On  October  30,  2018  and  2017,  the  holders  of  the  Earn  Out  Shares  elected  to  be  paid  20%  of  the 
outstanding Deferred Obligation. As a result, a payment of £5.2 million (CDN - $8.9 million) was made in 
November 2018 and £5.2 million (CDN - $8.8 million) in November 2017. 

(ii)      Earnout liability 

The  Earnout  liability  is  unsecured  additional  consideration  to  be  paid  dependent  upon  the  financial 
performance  of  Macduff  and  the  percentage  of  Deferred  Obligation  remaining  unpaid  at  the  time  of 
payment  (refer  to  Deferred  Obligation  above).    The  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Earnout  liability  at 
December 31, 2018  is £2.0 million (CDN -  $3.5 million) (December 31, 2017 -  £3.1 million, CDN - $5.3 
million)  based  on  forecast  earnings  and  probability  assessments.   The  actual  Earnout  payments  will  be 
paid over a five-year period ending 2021.  

The amount of the total Earnout liability is calculated as follows:  

The greater of:  
(i) 
(ii) 

£3.8 million; or 
up  to  33.75%  (dependent  upon  the  percentage  of  Deferred  Obligation  remaining  unpaid  each    
year) of the increase in equity value of the business over five years calculated as 7.5x adjusted 
EBITDA of Macduff less the outstanding debt of Macduff; and    
10%  of  adjusted  EBITDA  of  Macduff  above  £10  million  (dependent  upon  the  percentage  of 
Deferred Obligation remaining unpaid each year). 

(iii) 

85 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The Earnout liability is recorded at fair value on the consolidated statement of financial position at each 
reporting  period  until  paid,  with  changes  in  the  estimated  fair  value  being  recorded  as  a  component  of 
other expense on the Consolidated Statement of Earnings (Loss).   

Balance - at acquisition 
Fair value adjustment 
Payment 

Effect of movement in foreign exchange 
Balance - December 31, 2017 

Fair value adjustment 
Payment 
Effect of movement in foreign exchange 
Balance - December 31, 2018 

GBP 
6,100  
(2,238)  
(737)  

$

3,125  

$

(350)  
(756)  
-  
2,019  

$

CDN
12,357 
(3,841)
(1,333)

(1,905)

5,278 

(623)
(1,354)
212 
3,513 

£

£

£

Term Loan, due 2019  

(c) 
The  principal  outstanding  as  at  December  31,  2018  was  USD  $10.0  million  (CDN  $13.6  million) 
(December  31,  2017  -  USD$10.0  million;  CDN  $12.2  million).  The  loan  is  held  through  a  Clearwater 
subsidiary.  The  loan  was  renewed  in  June  2018,  is  non-amortizing,  repayable  at  maturity  in  June  2019 
and bears interest payable monthly at 5.5% per annum.  

Term Loan, due 2091  

(d) 
In connection with this term loan, Clearwater makes a royalty payment of CDN $0.3 million per annum in 
lieu of interest.  This equates to an effective interest rate of approximately 8.0% per annum. 

(e)  Net finance costs 
Year ended December 31 

Interest expense on financial liabilities  
Amortization of deferred financing charges and accretion 

Accretion on deferred consideration (Note 13 (b)) 

Fair value adjustment on embedded derivative (Note 13 (a)) 
Interest rate swaps and caps (1) 
Debt settlement (2) & refinancing fees  

$

2018

28,551 
1,695 
30,246 

1,720 

- 
- 

- 
1,720 
31,966 

$

2017

28,205 
1,555 
29,760 

2,166 

(703)
(4,347)

8,404 
5,520 
35,280 

$

$

(1)  Interest rate swaps and caps represents unrealized (gains) losses as a result of the change in fair value during the year. 
Realized gains and losses are reflected in interest expense and bank charges and debt settlement and refinancing fees.  

(2) Debt settlement includes loss on settlement of existing interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps and cap, forward foreign 
exchange contracts, remaining unamortized deferred financing costs and accretion.  

86 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

14.   SHARE CAPITAL 

Authorized: 

Clearwater is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares.  

Share capital movement: 

As at December 31 
Share capital: 
Balance at January 1 
Shares issued under share-based compensation plans 
Shares issued under dividend reinvestment plan 
Balance at December 31 

# 
63,934,698 
21,185 
886,110 
64,841,993 

2018

           $ 

210,860 
98 
4,548 
215,506 

# 
63,934,698 
- 
- 
63,934,698 

2017

           $ 

210,860 
- 
- 
210,860 

On February  15,  2018, Clearwater  approved  a  Dividend  Reinvestment  Plan  (“DRIP”)  effective February 
23,  2018 to  provide  shareholders  with  the  option  to  have  the  cash  dividends  declared  on  the  common 
shares  of  Clearwater  reinvested  automatically  back  into  additional  shares.  Shares  may  be  either  newly 
issued  from  treasury  or  purchased  on  the  open  market.  Clearwater  may  from  time  to  time,  in  its  sole 
discretion, offer a discount of up to 5% of the average market price for shares purchased from treasury. 
Clearwater will provide a discount of 3% from the average market price for shares purchased under the 
DRIP until further notice.  

Clearwater  has  2.5  million  common  shares  (December  31,  2018  –  2.5  million  remaining)  reserved  for 
issuance  under  the  share-based  compensation  plans  and  3.0  million  (December  31,  2018  –  2.1  million 
remaining) under the DRIP.  

During the year ended 2018, dividends of $12.8 million were declared and paid as follows: 

Payment Date 
April 2, 2018 
June 1, 2018 
September 4, 2018 
December 3, 2018 

# of Shares Outstanding 
 63,955,169  
 64,060,448  
 64,345,020  
 64,600,116  

Dividends per Share 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

0.05  
0.05  
0.05  
0.05  

During the year ended 2017, dividends of $12.8 million were declared and paid as follows: 
Payment Date 
April 3, 2017 
June 2, 2017 
September 1, 2017 
December 1, 2017 

# of Shares Outstanding 
 63,934,698  
 63,934,698  
 63,934,698  
 63,934,698  

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

0.05  
0.05  
0.05  
0.05  

Dividends per Share 

Subsequent to the end of the year, on March 7, 2019 the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend 
of $0.05 per share payable on April 1, 2019 to shareholders of record as of March 18, 2019 for a total of 
$3,242,100. 

87 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

15.   REVENUE 

Clearwater recognized the following revenue from customers: 

Year ended December 31 
Revenue from contracts with customers 

2018
592,246 

$

2017
621,031 

$

Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers 

Clearwater’s  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers  is  primarily  generated  through  the  sale  of  seafood 
product  in a fresh or frozen state to customers.  Clearwater recognizes revenue on the sale of seafood 
product  at  a  point-in-time.    Clearwater  may  provide  additional  services  after  control  of  seafood  product 
has  transferred  to  the  customer,  including  freight,  storage,  customs  clearing  and  cleaning.    These 
services  are  recognized  over  time  except  from  customs  clearing  which  is  recognized  at  a  point-in-time.  
These services are each considered separate performance obligations. 

The  timing  of  revenue  recognition  related  to  seafood  product  is  dependent  on  shipping  terms,  in  which 
Clearwater  uses  International  Commercial  terms  (“Incoterms”)  as  agreed  upon  with  each  customer.  
These internationally recognized shipping terms specify when control of the goods have transferred to the 
customer and therefore when revenue should be recognized.   

Refer to Note 22 for revenue disaggregated by species and region. 

Refer to Note 5 for trade receivables from contracts with customers. 

16.   NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST 

On October 26, 2018, Clearwater acquired an additional 1% interest in its Argentina subsidiary for USD 
$1  million  (CDN  $1.3  million)  increasing  Clearwater’s  ownership  from  85%  to  86%.    On  May  29,  2017, 
Clearwater  acquired  an  additional  5%  interest  for  USD  $5.0  million  (CDN  $6.7  million)  increasing 
Clearwater’s ownership from 80% to 85%. 

The carrying value of the subsidiary's net liabilities in the consolidated financial statements on the date of 
acquisition  was  $12.3  million  (2017  -  $8.9  million),  including  the  cumulative  translation  adjustment 
account.    The  acquisition  resulted  in  a  reduction  to  retained  earnings  attributable  to  shareholders  of 
Clearwater of $1.4 million (2017 - $7.2 million). 
Year ended December 31 

2018 

2017

Carrying amount of net deficit 

$

(12,259) $

(8,895)

Non-controlling interest acquired (deficit) 
Consideration paid to non-controlling interest 

(119)
1,312  

(445)
6,725 

Decrease in retained earnings attributable to shareholders of Clearwater 

$

1,431 

$

7,170 

88 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Summarized  financial  information  in  respect  of  Clearwater’s  subsidiaries  that  have  non-controlling 
interests (“NCI”) is set out below.  

(a) Summarized statements of financial position 

As at December 31 

NCI Percentage  

Current assets  
Current liabilities 

Non-current assets  

Net assets 

Coldwater shrimp 

2018

2017

46.34%

46.34%

$

$

25,258 
(10,499)
14,759 

21,763 
(11,359)
10,404 

14,613 

17,192 

29,372 

27,596 

Accumulated non-controlling interests 

$

18,784 

$

17,473 

As at December 31 

NCI Percentage  

Current assets  
Current liabilities 

Non-current assets  
Non-current liabilities  

Net assets 

Argentine Scallops 

2018

14.0%

$

$

15,255 
(17,625)
(2,370)

10,112 
(88)
10,024 

2017

15.0%

10,961 
(25,404)
(14,443)

18,203 
(391)
17,812 

7,654 

3,369 

Accumulated non-controlling interests 

$

(2,118) $

(1,801)

89 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

(b) Summarized statements of earnings 

Year ended December 31 

Sales 
Earnings and comprehensive income for the year 

$ 

Earnings allocated to non-controlling interest  
Dividends paid to non-controlling interest 

Year ended December 31 

Sales 
Earnings for the year 
Other comprehensive income  
Total comprehensive income  

Earnings allocated to non-controlling interest  
Dividends paid to non-controlling interest 

(c) Summarized statements of cash flows 

Year ended December 31 

Cash flow from operating activities 
Cash flow used in financing activities 
Cash flow used in investing activities 
Net increase (decrease) in cash 

Year ended December 31 

Cash flow from operating activities 
Cash flow used in financing activities 
Cash flow used in investing activities 
Net increase (decrease) in cash 

Coldwater shrimp 

2018

2017

82,434 $ 
26,281 

12,665  
11,353  

74,199 
19,004 

10,605 
18,073 

Argentine Scallops 

2018

2017

$

38,534 
5,506 
(1,222)
4,284 

77 
- 

60,850 
18,231 
(2,119)
16,112 

2,632 
1,962 

Coldwater shrimp 

2018

2017

$

35,032 
(24,500) 
(4,825) 
5,707  

Argentine Scallops 

$

2018

8 
- 
(12)
(4)

19,957 
(39,000)
(4,142)
(23,185)

2017

13,522 
(10,977)
(2,666)
(121)

$

$

$

90 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

17.   OPERATING EXPENSES 

Year ended December 31 
Salaries and benefits 
Share-based incentive compensation 
Employee compensation 

Consulting and professional fees 
Other 
Selling costs 
Travel 
Occupancy 
Donations 

Total administrative and selling costs before allocation  
Allocation to cost of goods sold 
Total administrative and selling costs  

$

2018
41,308 
1,289  
42,597  

$

12,827  
3,559  
2,319  
2,770  
1,578  
1,298  

24,351  
(13,439) 
53,509  

Restructuring costs 
Operating expenses 

482  
53,991 

$

$

2017
40,197 
409 
40,606 

14,238 
4,977 
2,816 
3,089 
1,548 
1,648 

28,316 
(13,371)
55,551 

6,856 
62,407 

Restructuring  costs  consisted  of  severance  costs  associated  with  the  targeted  restructuring  of  the 
Company’s  employee  base  and  changes  to  Clearwater’s  distribution  infrastructure  initiated  in  the  fourth 
quarter of 2017. 

18.   OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE 

Year ended December 31 
Acquisition related costs 
Share of earnings of equity-accounted investee 
Royalties, interest income and other fees 
Other (income) fees 
Fair value adjustment on earn-out liability 
Export rebates 
Other (income) expense  

19.   EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION 

$

2018
384 
(2,923)
(745)
170  
(623) 
-  
(3,737) $

2017
464 
(2,656)
(431)
(994)
(2,769)
(1,190)
(7,576)

$

$

Employee  compensation  is  classified  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  earnings  (loss)  based  on  the 
related  function.    The  following  table  reconciles  Clearwater's  compensation  expense  items  to  the 
functions where the amounts are presented on the consolidated statement of earnings (loss):  

Year ended December 31 
Salaries and benefits  
Share-based compensation 

Cost of goods sold 
Administrative and selling costs 

2018
146,105 
1,289 
147,394 

113,570 
33,824 
147,394 

$

$

$

$

2017
151,410 
409 
151,819 

120,511 
31,308 
151,819 

$

$

$

$

91 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

20.   EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE  

The  earnings  and  weighted  average  number  of  shares  used  in  the  calculation  of  basic  and  diluted 
earnings (loss) per share is as follows: 

In thousands except number of shares and per share data 
Earnings (loss) attributable to shareholders - basic and diluted 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic 
Adjustment for stock-based compensation plan shares 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - diluted 

Earnings (loss) per share 
Basic 
Diluted 

2018  
(16,204)   $

2017
15,759 

64,298,784    
-    
64,298,784    

63,934,698 
60,344 
63,995,042 

(0.25)   $
(0.25)   $

0.25 
0.25 

$

$
$

Diluted earnings (loss) for the period is calculated based on earnings attributable to the shareholders of 
Clearwater  after  the  adjustment  for  any  potentially  dilutive  cash-settled  share-based  payments.    There 
was  no  revaluation  adjustment  related  to  cash-settled  share-based  payments  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2018.   

Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding are adjusted for the dilutive effect of share-based 
compensation.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  123,833  (2017  –  nil)  potentially  dilutive  shares 
were excluded from the calculation of diluted (loss) earnings per share as they were anti-dilutive.  

21.   SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION 

Clearwater’s  share-based  compensation  plans  are  disclosed  in  Note  3  (l).  An  aggregate  amount  of  2.5 
million Common Shares of Clearwater are issuable under the deferred share unit and performance share 
unit plans.  

Clearwater has the following share-based compensation plans: 

Share appreciation rights (“SARs”) 

The  share  appreciation  rights  plan  is  a  phantom  share  plan  that  provides  the  holder  a  cash  payment 
equal to the fair market value of Clearwater’s shares,  less the grant price.  SARs vest over a three-year 
period and have no expiry.   

Deferred share units (“DSU”) 

There are two deferred share unit plans that provide the holder a cash payment equal to the fair market 
value of Clearwater’s common shares on the date of settlement or equity-settlement. The retention DSU 
plan  awards  vest  once  the  holder  reaches  the  age  of  65  with  continued  employment  by  Clearwater,  or 
death.  The  director  DSU  plan  allows  non-employee  directors  to  receive,  in  the  form  of  deferred  share 
units, all or a percentage of director’s fees, which would be otherwise payable in cash. Each director DSU 
vests at the grant date.  

92 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Performance share units (“PSU”) 

Performance  share  units  are  issued  to  both  employees  and  directors.  Prior  to  2018,  holders  of  PSUs 
received settlement amounts measured based upon the relative performance of Clearwater shares to its 
pre-defined  peer  group.  Performance  was  based  on  the  total  return  to  shareholders  over  the  defined 
period.    Beginning  in  2018,  the  performance measure  is  based  on  Clearwater’s  performance  relative  to 
specific internal targets. 

Vested units will be settled in cash or shares or by a combination thereof as determined by the Company. 
All outstanding grants under the PSU plan will be settled by the issuance of common shares. 

The number of share-based awards outstanding and vested as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 were as 
follows: 

As at December 31, 2018 (in 
thousands) 

SARs 

PSU - Tranche 5 
PSU - Tranche 6 
PSU - Tranche 7 
DSU 
Total 

As at December 31, 2017 (in thousands) 

SARS  

PSU - Tranche 4 
PSU - Tranche 5 
PSU - Tranche 6 
DSU 
Total 

$

$

Grant
price
0.80
1.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Grant
price
0.80
1.00
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Number 
outstanding 
83 
67 
79 
103 
409 
403 
1,144 

Number 
outstanding
83
67
61
85
110
465
871

Number 
vested
83
67
79
- 
- 
403
632 

Number 
vested 
83 
67 
61 
- 
- 
465 
676  

Grant
 Date
May 2010
May 2010
April 2016
May 2017
May 2018
June 2012 - December 2018

Grant
 Date
May 2010
May 2010
April 2015
April 2016
May 2017
June 2012 - December 2017

The following reconciles the share-based awards outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2018:  

(In thousands of share units) 
Outstanding at January 1, 2018 
Granted 
Granted from dividends 
Exercised 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018 

PSU - 
Tranche 4 
61 
- 
- 
(61)
- 

PSU - 
Tranche 5 
85 
- 
3 
(9)
79 

PSU - 
Tranche 6 
110 
- 
4 
(11)
103 

PSU - 

Tranche 7  DSU 
- 
407 
11 
(9)
409 

465 
111 
12 
(185)
403 

Vested at January 1, 2018 
Vested  
Exercised 
Vested at December 31, 2018 

61 
- 
(61)
- 

- 
88 
(9)
79 

- 
11 
(11)
- 

- 
9 
(9)
- 

465 
123 
(185)
403 

SARS 

Total 

150 
- 
- 
- 
150 

150 
- 
- 
150 

871 
518 
30 
(275)
1,144 

676 
231 
(275)
632 

93 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

The  following  reconciles  the  number  of  share-based  awards  outstanding  for  the  year  ended  December 
31, 2017:   

(In thousands of share units) 
Outstanding at January 1, 2017 
Granted 
Granted from dividends 
Exercised 
Outstanding at December 31, 2017 

PSU - 
Tranche 3 
141 
- 
- 
(141)
- 

PSU - 
Tranche 4 
79 
- 
2 
(20)
61 

PSU - 
Tranche 5 
124 
- 
2 
(41)
85 

PSU - 

Tranche 6  DSU 
- 
157 
2 
(49)
110 

390 
69 
6 
- 
465 

Vested at January 1 2017 
Vested  
Exercised 
Vested at December 31, 2017 

141 
- 
(141)
- 

- 
81 
(20)
61 

- 
41 
(41)
- 

- 
49 
(49)
- 

313 
152 
- 
465 

SARS 

Total 

150 
- 
- 
- 
150 

150 
- 
- 
150 

884 
226 
12 
(251)
871 

604 
323 
(251)
676 

The following units were settled in the year ended December 31, 2018: 

As at December 31, 2018 
PSU - Tranche 4 
PSU - Tranche 5 
PSU - Tranche 6 
PSU - Tranche 7 

Total 

Grant
price
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Number exercised
In thousands
61
9
11
9
90 

Exercise 
date
March 2018
June 2018
June 2018
June 2018

Share price at 
exercise date
$4.63 
$5.04 
$5.04 
$5.04 

These  awards  were  equity  settled  during  2018.  Refer  to  Note  14  for  the  number  of  shares  issued  after 
taking into consideration the performance factor as described in Note 3 (l). 

The following units were settled in the year ended December 31, 2017: 

As at December 31,2017 
PSU - Tranche 3 
PSU - Tranche 4 
PSU - Tranche 5 
PSU - Tranche 6 
Total 

Grant
price
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

Number exercised
In thousands
141
20
41
49
251 

Exercise 
date
April 2017
November 2017
November 2017
November 2017

Share price at 
exercise date
$10.37 
7.14 
7.14 
7.14 

These  awards  were  cash  settled  during  2017  for  $1.7  million,  after  taking  into  consideration  the 
performance factor as described in Note 3 (m). 

The  PSU  Tranche  5  awards  are  fully  vested  as  of  December  31,  2018  and  the  total  expense  recorded 
over  the  vesting  period  was  $1.7  million  recognized  within  contributed  surplus.  These  awards  will  be 
equity settled in the first quarter of 2019.   

The retention DSUs awards are fully vested as of December 31, 2018 and will be settled in cash in the 
first quarter of 2019. 

94 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Dividend equivalents 

When  cash  dividends  are  paid  to  shareholders  of  Clearwater,  dividend  equivalent  PSUs  and  DSUs  are 
granted to the Participants which are equal to the greatest number of whole share units having a market 
value, as of the payment date of the dividend, equal to the product of the cash dividend paid per share 
multiplied  by  the  number  of  PSUs  and  DSUs  outstanding.  The  additional  PSUs  and  DSUs  granted  are 
subject to the same terms and conditions as the corresponding PSU or DSU Grant. 

Fair value of share-based awards 

The SARs issued and outstanding are fully vested and are expected to be cash settled on the exercise 
date; therefore, vested awards are recorded as liabilities at the intrinsic value of the SARs. 

Retention DSU awards have fully vested.  Awards may be redeemed up to one year following retirement 
and therefore recorded at the share price at the end of the reporting period.  Awards for which redemption 
notices have been received but are still outstanding as of December 31, 2018, are recorded at the share 
price at the time of the election. 

Measurement inputs for the remaining plans include the fair value of Clearwater’s shares, exercise price 
of the instrument, expected volatility (based on weighted average historic volatility adjusted for changes 
expected  due  to  publicly  available  information),  weighted  average  expected  remaining  life  of  the 
instruments  (based  on  historical  experience  and  general  option  holder  behaviour),  expected  dividends, 
and the risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds), as follows:  

Weighted average fair value per award 
Weighted average risk-free interest rate 
Weighted average expected volatility 
Expected life of awards (years) 

$ 

PSU

Tranche 6  
11.85  $ 
1.11% - 2.31%  

16.60% - 33.83% 

3  

PSU

Tranche 7  
4.95  $ 
N/A  
N/A
N/A  

Weighted average fair value per award 
Weighted average risk-free interest rate 
Weighted average expected volatility 
Expected life of awards (years) 

PSU
Tranche 5

PSU
Tranche 6

$

17.78  $

11.85  $

1.01% - 2.28%
18.66% - 43.43%
3 

1.11% - 2.31%
16.60% - 33.83%
3 

2018

DSU
5.89 
N/A
N/A
N/A

2017

DSU
9.05 
N/A
N/A
N/A

Share-based compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Loss) for the 
year ended December 31, 2018 is $1.3 million (December 31, 2017 - $0.4 million). 

The liability for share-based compensation  is $3.5 million  at December 31,  2018 (December 31,  2017 - 
$4.7 million). The vested portion of the liability for share-based compensation is $3.5 million at December 
31, 2018 (December 31, 2017 - $4.7 million). 

95 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

22.   SEGMENT INFORMATION 

Clearwater  has  one  reportable  segment  which  includes  its  integrated  operations  for  harvesting, 
processing, marketing and the distribution of seafood products.  

(a)  Sales by Species 

Year ended December 31 
Scallops 
Clams 
Lobster 
Coldwater shrimp 
Crab 
Langoustine 
Whelk 
Groundfish and other shellfish 

(b)  Sales by Geographic Region of the Customer 

Year ended December 31 
  France 
  Scandinavia 
  UK 
  Other                   
Europe 

  China 
  Japan 
  Other  
Asia 

  United States 
  Canada 
North America 

Other 

$

$

$

$

$

$

2018
171,373 
120,235 
88,387 
70,951 
51,656 
42,026 
24,291 
23,327 
592,246 

2018

94,422 
27,381 
25,059 
58,791 
205,653 

130,402 
73,325 
33,014 
236,741 

85,871 
63,892 
149,763 

89 
592,246 

$

$

2017
200,286 
109,170 
101,883 
77,964 
45,468 
43,099 
24,267 
18,894 
621,031 

2017

108,650 
28,606 
14,921 
91,463 
243,640 

102,315 
79,631 
34,170 
216,116 

86,813 
73,888 
160,701 

574 
621,031 

(c)  Non-current Assets by Geographic Region 

As at December 31 

2018  

2017

Property, plant and equipment, licences, fishing rights and goodwill 
Canada 
Argentina 
Scotland 
Other 

$

$

306,565    $
10,844   
168,653   
100   
486,162    $

327,432 
18,984 
169,362 
304 
516,082 

96 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

23.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

(a)  Subsidiaries, partnerships, and joint venture 

Clearwater’s  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Corporation  and  its  material 
subsidiaries and a joint venture, as follows:  

Entity 
Adams and Knickle Limited 
Clearwater Fine Foods (Europe) Limited 
Clearwater Fine Foods (USA) Incorporated 
Clearwater Ocean Prawns Venture 
Clearwater Seafoods Holdings Incorporated 
Clearwater Seafoods Limited Partnership 
Glaciar Pesquera S.A. 
Macduff Shellfish Group Limited 
St. Anthony Seafoods Limited Partnership 

(b)  Key management personnel 

Ownership % 
50% 
100% 
100% 
53.66% 
100% 
100% 
86% 
100% 
75% 

Accounts 
Equity method 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 
Consolidated 

Clearwater has defined key management personnel as senior executive officers, as well as the Board of 
Directors, as they have the collective authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the 
activities  of  the  Corporation.  The  following  table  outlines  the  total  compensation  expense  for  key 
management personnel for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.  

Year ended December 31 
Wages and salaries 
Share-based compensation 
Severance 
Other benefits 

$

$

2018
2,835 
966 
- 
198 
3,999 

$

$

2017
3,623 
(108)
1,624 
364 
5,503 

(c)  Transactions with other related parties 

Clearwater rents office space to and provides computer support network services to CFFI Ventures Inc. 
(“CVI”), a related party. The net amount due from CVI in respect of these transactions was nil (December 
31, 2017 – $0.04 million).  Any amounts outstanding are unsecured and due on demand.  

For the year ended December 31, 2018, Clearwater recorded net expense of approximately $0.2 million 
for  providing  computer  support  network  services  to  and  receiving  goods  and  services  from  companies 
related to CVI (December 31, 2017 - net revenue of $0.06 million). The transactions are recorded at the 
exchange amount and the balance due from these companies was $0.1 million as at December 31, 2018 
(December 31, 2017 - $0.07 million due to).  

97 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

24.   CAPITAL MANAGEMENT 

Clearwater’s objectives when managing capital are as follows: 

•  Ensure liquidity 
•  Minimize cost of capital 
•  Support business functions and corporate strategy 

Clearwater’s  capital  structure  includes  a  combination  of  equity  and  various  types  of  debt  facilities. 
Clearwater’s  goal  is  to  have  a  cost  effective  capital  structure  that  supports  its  growth  plans,  while 
maintaining  flexibility,  reducing  interest  rate  risk  and  reducing  exchange  risk  by  borrowing  in  currencies 
other than the Canadian dollar when appropriate. 

Clearwater uses leverage, in particular USD senior unsecured notes, revolving and term debt to lower its 
cost of capital. 

The  amount  of  debt  available  to  Clearwater  under  its  lending  facilities  is  a  function  of  Net  Adjusted 
EBITDA  attributable  to  shareholders,  as  defined  in  the  credit  agreement.  Net  Adjusted  EBITDA 
attributable  to  shareholders  can  be  impacted  by  known  and  unknown  risks,  uncertainties,  and  other 
factors outside Clearwater’s control including, but not limited to, total allowable catch levels, selling prices, 
weather, exchange rates, fuel and other input costs. 

Clearwater  maintains  flexibility  in  its  capital  structure  by  regularly  reviewing  forecasts  and  multi-year 
business  plans  and  making  any  required  changes  to  its  debt  and  equity  facilities  on  a  proactive  basis. 
These changes can  include early  repayment of debt, issuing  or repurchasing shares,  issuing new debt, 
utilizing  surplus  cash,  extending  the  term  of  existing  debt  facilities  and,  selling  surplus  assets  to  repay 
debt.  

98 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Clearwater’s capital structure was as follows as at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017: 

In 000's of Canadian dollars 
As at December 31 

Equity 

Share capital 
Contributed surplus 
Deficit 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

$

2018 

2017

215,506  $
4,218 
(38,848)
(36,053) 
144,823 
18,397  
163,220  

333,955  
58,019  
13,637 
3,500  
409,111 

34,177  
112  
34,289  

16,504  

3,513  
463,417  

210,860 
3,021 
(8,722)
(39,730)
165,429 
17,109 
182,538 

306,684 
87,682 
12,215 
3,500 
410,081 

34,466 
167 
34,633 

23,181 

5,278 
473,173 

Non-controlling interest 

Long-term debt 
Senior debt, non-amortizing 

USD senior unsecured notes, due 20251 
Revolving debt, due in 20222 
Term loan, due in 2019 
Term loan, due in 2091 

Senior debt, amortizing 

Term Loan B, due 20223  
Other loans 

Deferred obligation4 
Earnout liability4 
Total long-term debt 

Total capital 

$

626,637  $

655,711 

1. USD senior unsecured notes is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $7 million with a US dollar coupon rate of 
6.875%.  This resulted in an effective interest rate of approximately 7.2%. 

2. The revolving debt is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $2 million resulting in an effective interest rate of 
approximately 4.53%.   As of December 31, 2018, subject to financial covenants, Clearwater may borrow up to an additional CDN 
$90.3 million on the undrawn facility.  The availability on this loan is reduced by the amount outstanding on a USD $10 million non-
amortizing term loan. 
3. Term Loan B is net of unamortized deferred financing charges of $0.2 million. As of December 31, 2018, this resulted in an 
effective interest rate of approximately 4.46%. 
4. The Deferred Obligation and Earnout Liability relate to the acquisition of Macduff in 2015. 

The  Company’s  share  capital  is  discussed  in  Note  14  and  long-term  debt,  including  the  Deferred 
Obligation and Earnout liability in Note 13. 

25.   CONTINGENT LIABILITIES  

From time to time Clearwater is subject to claims and lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of operations. 
In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of such pending legal proceedings will not have a 
material effect on Clearwater’s consolidated financial position. 

99 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS INCORPORATED 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 
(Tabular amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars) 

26.   ADDITIONAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

Changes in non-cash operating working capital 
(excludes change in accrued interest) 

Decrease (increase)  in inventory 
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable 
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable 
Decrease (increase) in prepaids 
(Decrease) increase in income tax payable 

Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities 
Current and long-term debt - beginning of period 
Scheduled repayments of long-term debt 
Repayment of long-term credit facilities 
Repayment of revolving credit facility 
Net proceeds from long-term debt, net of financing costs 
Net proceeds from long-term credit facilities, net of financing costs 

Net proceeds from revolving credit facility, net of financing costs 
Realized foreign exchange on settlement of long-term debt 
Non-cash changes in long-term debt: 
    Accretion of Term Loan B and Deferred Obligation 
    Fair market value adjustment on embedded derivative 
    Fair market value adjustment on earnout liability 
    Amortization of deferred financing costs 
    Write-off unamortized deferred financing costs 
    Foreign exchange gain on long-term debt 
Current and long-term debt - end of period 

2018

2017

8,021 
(8,252)
18,574 
(3,108)
(5,536)
9,699 

$

$

2018
473,173  $ 
(10,652)
- 
- 
- 
- 

(30,248)
- 
- 
1,720 
- 
(623)
1,695 
- 
28,352 
463,417 

$

12,615 
9,369 
(22,043)
188 
2,928 
3,057 

2017
436,414 
(11,953)
(361,519)
(52,400)
330,015 
34,901 

116,082 
4,172 
- 
(1,352)
(694)
(2,736)
7,384 
1,477 
(26,618)
473,173 

$

$

$ 

$

100 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quarterly and share information 

Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated ($000's except per share amounts)

Sales 
Earnings attributable to: 
     Non-controlling interests 
     Shareholders of Clearwater 

Per share data 
Basic net earnings (loss) 
Diluted net earnings (loss) 
Adjusted earnings (loss)  

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

2018 

2017 

159,807 

164,225 

148,142 

120,072   

174,765 

163,597 

154,302 

128,367   

1,784 
(12,340)
(10,557)

4,440 
10,818 
15,258 

(0.19)
(0.19)
0.07 

0.17 
0.17 
0.06 

2,715 
(924)
1,792 

(0.01)
(0.01)
0.11 

3,559   
(13,758) 
(10,199) 

4,405 
(10,957)
(6,552)

4,526 
15,055 
19,581 

2,503 
9,489 
11,992 

(0.22) 
(0.22) 
0.01   

(0.17)
(0.17)
(0.02)

0.24 
0.24 
0.13 

0.15 
0.15 
0.00 

1,046   
2,172   
3,218   

0.03   
0.03   
0.03 

Trading information, Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated, symbol CLR

Trading price range of shares (board lots) 
High 
Low 
Close 

Trading volumes (000's) 
Total 
Average daily 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

Q4 

Q3 

Q2 

Q1 

6.40 
5.06 
5.75 

6.24 
4.82 
5.80 

5.61 
4.40 
5.06 

5.04 
3.94 
4.58 

2,715 
44 

4,948 
80 

5,581 
87 

10,207 
170 

9.43 
6.90 
7.33 

6,759 
109 

12.03 
8.93 
8.99 

4,738 
80 

11.95 
10.15 
11.42 

5,554 
88 

11.80 
9.85 
10.48 

7,837 
124 

Shares outstanding at end of quarter 

64,841,993 

64,600,116 

64,345,020 

63,955,169 

63,934,698 

63,934,698 

63,934,698 

63,934,698 

101 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Selected Annual Information 

Sales 
Costs of goods sold 

Gross margin 

Operating expenses 
     Administrative and selling 
     Restructuring 
Net finance costs 

Foreign exchange (gains) losses on long-term 
debt and working capital 
(Gains) losses on forward contracts  
Other income 
Research and development 
Gain on change of control of joint venture 

2018 
(Audited) 

2017 
(Audited) 

2016 
(Audited) 

2015 
(Audited) 

2014 
(Audited) 

$

592,246  $
485,409 

621,031  $
510,963 

611,551  $
466,930 

504,945  $
372,757 

444,742 
341,908 

106,837 

110,068 

144,621 

132,188 

102,834 

47,135 
6,856 
31,967 

61,421 
986 
35,617 

9,062 

(14,262)

15,798 
(3,739)
1,724 
- 

(4,382)
(7,576)
2,368 
- 

55,342 
3,150 
(5,209)

2,922 
- 
- 
68,579 

49,480 
1,883 
444 

1,981 
- 
- 
148,472 

48,178 
74 
(5,031)

1,991 
- 
- 
87,088 

Earnings before income taxes 

(1,966)

35,897 

19,837 

(70,072)

(29,466)

Income taxes expense (recovery) 

1,740 

28,238 

59,596 

(20,671)

9,797 

Earnings before non-controlling interest 

(3,706)

28,238 

59,596 

(20,671)

9,797 

Non-controlling interest 

12,498 

12,480 

15,668 

16,937 

12,702 

Earnings attributable to shareholders 

$

(16,204) $

15,759  $

43,928  $

(37,608) $

(2,905)

102 | P a g e  

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE INFORMATION 

HEAD OFFICE OF CLEARWATER SEAFOODS 
INCORPORATED 

757 Bedford Highway 
Bedford, Nova Scotia  B4A 3Z7 
902-443-0550 

DIRECTORS  

Colin E. MacDonald, Chairman of the Board  

John C. Risley 
Chairman and CEO, CFFI Ventures Inc. 

Larry Hood, Chair of Audit Committee 
Former Audit Partner, KPMG   

Jane Craighead, Chair of Human Resources      
Development and Compensation Committee 
Senior Vice President, Scotiabank 

Mickey MacDonald 
President, Micco Companies 

Brendan Paddick 
Chief Executive Officer, Columbus Capital Corporation 

Stan Spavold, Chair of Finance Committee 
President, CFFI Ventures Inc. 

Jim Dickson, Chair of Corporate Governance Committee 
Former Counsel, Stewart McKelvey 

Vicki McKibbon 
President of Transportation, Armour Transportation         
Systems, Inc 

Karl Smith 
Former Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President, 
Fortis Inc. 

EXECUTIVES  

 Ian Smith 
 Chief Executive Officer 

Teresa Fortney 
Vice-President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer 

Christine Penney 
Vice-President, Sustainability & Public Affairs 

Dieter Gautschi 
Vice-President, Global Human Resources 

Roy Cunningham 
Vice-President, Chief Operating Officer, Macduff 

Tony Jabbour 
Vice-President, Fleet Operations 

Darren Bowen 
Vice President, Global Supply Chain 

INVESTOR RELATIONS 

Investor relations 
(902) 443-0550 
Investorinquiries@clearwater.ca 

AUDITORS   

KPMG LLP 
Halifax, Nova Scotia 

SHARES LISTED 

Toronto Stock Exchange 
SHARE Symbol: CLR 

TRANSFER AGENT 

Computershare Investor Services Inc.

103 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Clearwater Seafoods Incorporated 
757 Bedford Highway, Bedford, Nova Scotia, Canada, B4A 3Z7 
Tel. (902) 443-0550 Fax. (902) 443-7797 www.clearwater.ca