Quarterlytics / Energy / Curzon Energy PLC

Curzon Energy PLC

czn · LSE Energy
Claim this profile
Ticker czn
Exchange LSE
Sector Energy
Industry
Employees 1-10
← All annual reports
FY2021 Annual Report · Curzon Energy PLC
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Registered Company Number: 09976843 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Annual Report and Financial Statements 
for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Contents 

Company Information 

Chairman’s Statement 

Strategic Report  

Directors’ Report 

Remuneration Report  

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities in Respect of the Strategic Report, the 
Directors’ Report and the Financial Statements 

Independent Auditors’ Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity  

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows  

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 

Company Statement of Financial Position 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity  

Company Statement of Cash Flows  

Notes to the Company Financial Statements  

Annual Report 2021 

Page Number 

(i) 

1 

3 

6 

12 

16 

17 

22 

23 

24 

26 

27 

52 

53 

54 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Company Information 

Directors 
John McGoldrick 
Chairman and Non-Executive Director 
Scott Kaintz 
Executive Director  
Owen May 
Non-Executive Director 

Company Secretary 
Sam Quinn  

Registered Company Number 
09976843 

Website 
www.curzonenergy.com 

Registered Address 
Kemp House 
152 City Road 
London  
EC1V 2NX 

Independent Auditors 
Crowe U.K. LLP 
55 Ludgate Hill 
London 
EC4M 7JW 

Annual Report 2021 

Company’s Solicitors 
Hill Dickenson LLP 
The Broadgate Tower 
20 Primrose Street 
London 
EC2A 2EW  

Broker 
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP 
Prince Frederick House 
35-39 Maddox Street 
London  
W1S 2PP 

Registrars 
Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House 
18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen  
B63 3DA 

Bankers 
Barclays Bank Plc 
Level 27 
One Churchill Place 
London  
E14 5HP 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Chairman’s Statement 

     Annual Report 2021 

I  am  pleased  to  present  the  annual  report  for  Curzon  Energy  Plc  (the  “Curzon”  or  the  “Company”), 
covering its results for the year to 31 December 2021. 

Period in Review  
During the course of 2021, the Company focused its efforts on progressing a potential reverse takeover 
transaction (“RTO”) with Poseidon Plastics Ltd (“PPL” or “Poseidon”), developer of an integrated process 
based on its patented technology platform, to convert currently unrecyclable PET waste, including colored 
and  opaque  materials,  into  high  value  enhanced  recycled  PET  resin  (‘’erPET’’)  and  recycled  BHET 
(“rBHET”).  

Poseidon  plans  to  build  on  the  success  of  its  pilot  plant  operations  in  Hull  and  a  number  of  intensive 
verification programs that have been undertaken with international PET manufacturers and end product 
users in the UK and Germany. Through these programs, PPL is working to further optimise the design of 
the  integrated  process  and  to  develop  a  much  larger  continuous  integrated  processing  plant  at  a 
commercial scale.  Plans for the construction of multiple commercial processing facilities across Europe 
are being developed to provide recycled materials for major global consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) 
brands.   

At the Company’s coal bed methane project at Coos Bay, activities were minimal during the course of the 
year,  with  the  project  remaining  on  care  and  maintenance.  The  Company  has  been  advancing  formal 
extensions of the project leases, as well as a potential farm-out or sale of the project in light of increasing 
natural gas demand and prices.   

Results  
For  the  period  ended  31  December  2021,  the  Group  incurred  a  loss  of  US$821,344  (2020:  loss  of 
US$699,871).  The  majority  of  this  loss  comprised  the  recognition  of  a  provision  for  reclamation 
obligations, associated with the Coos Bay project as well as administrative expenses and required listing 
and regulatory overheads. Overall administrative expenses were broadly consistent during the period at 
US$569,865  in  2021  (2020:  US$528,799)  and  finance  expenses  rose  slightly  to  US$165,598  (2020: 
US$88,775), reflecting the ongoing costs of funding the business during this phase of due diligence.     

Outlook 
While the timeline to complete mutual  due  diligence  on the  PPL RTO transaction has been extended, 
recent world developments, including the immediate need to reduce CO2 emissions and reduce plastic 
waste, as well as the war in Ukraine and associated resources shortages, have only served to strengthen 
the  appeal  of,  and  requirement  for,  a  business  such  as  PPL  with  its  innovative  plastics  recycling 
technology. These developments have simultaneously increased the perceived value of the Company’s 
historic natural gas assets in Coos Bay, Oregon.   

Initially targeting global CPG brands that require ever increasing volumes of recycled packaging materials, 
the Poseidon technology platform is also being developed for the polyester fiber and specialty chemicals 
industries. Poseidon’s addressable global markets represent revenue of > $100BN annually, growing at 
3 - 4% p.a.  The use of PPL’s proprietary erPET and rBHET products reduces the amount of single use 
plastics destined for landfill or incineration and reduces critical emissions of greenhouse gasses.  

PPL’s  plastics  recycling  offering  falls  squarely  in  the  critical  Environmental,  Social  and  Governance 
(“ESG”) space, where PPL’s technology can address imminent requirements for recycled content being 
imposed on the world’s major CPG brands, before either substantial fines and/or charges for the continued 
use of virgin plastics takes effect - both in Europe and across North America.   

Substantial  organisational  progress  was  made  on  the  proposed  RTO,  as  well  as  operationally  and 
organisationally at PPL. Reflecting this progress, and after the year-end, the Company extended PPL’s 
exclusivity  rights  to  allow  it  additional  time  to  complete  key  business  development  discussions  with 
international PET manufacturers and certain global CPG brands, prior to undertaking the proposed RTO; 
currently targeted for the latter half of 2022.   

PPL is looking to meet strong demand growth for recycled material from global CPG brands, faced with 
a limited supply of recycled PET alternatives.  Such brands are subject to increasing customer, regulatory 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

and public opinion pressure to reduce both their general environmental impact as well as their shipments 
of single-use plastics.  With an active conflict in Europe for the first time in many decades, much of the 
world is now also actively looking to both reduce hydrocarbon demand and to move away from Russian 
supplies, and PPL, with its innovative plastics recycling technology, is expected to assist in reducing such 
reliance by providing a recycled PET product practically identical to a virgin one.   

In relation to the Company’s coal bed methane project at Coos Bay, the conflict in Ukraine has led directly 
to both short and long term increases in natural gas prices, with European countries in particular, looking 
to develop alternate sources of energy, including imported LNG from North America and the Middle East.  
The war is also driving increased construction of new modular nuclear reactors and increasing reliance 
on renewables globally. Notwithstanding that Coos Bay is currently earmarked for disposal, such global 
factors make it a potentially more valuable asset in this environment and one that may well deliver this 
value through a transaction timed with the completion of the proposed PPL RTO.     

During 2022, the Company looks forward to being able to conclude our efforts to reposition the business 
away from traditional oil and gas development and into a new sector that we believe is set to assist the 
world in moving on from its unsustainable relationship with virgin plastics.  We thank all investors and 
partners  for  their  patience  and  support  during  this  period  of  transition  and  we  look  forward  to  both 
delivering  the  PPL  RTO  and  to  creating  a  high-impact,  high-growth  international  plastics  recycling 
business to the benefit of all stakeholders.         

John McGoldrick 

Non-Executive Chairman 
28 April 2022 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Strategic Report 

     Annual Report 2021 

Financial Results  
The Group loss for the year to 31 December 2021 was US$860,463 (2020: US$617,574). There were no 
revenues and the majority of this loss related to the administrative and listing costs.   

The loss per share was US$0.009 (2020: loss per share US$0.008).   

The Group currently has no source of revenue and is reliant on loans to continue to meet its overhead 
expenditure. The Group held cash balances of US$138,142 as at 31 December 2021 and has after the 
year end increased its borrowing capacity and current liquidity through the extension and expansion of 
the financing agreement with Poseidon Plastics Ltd. 

The Directors note that the Group will need additional funding to continue operations for the foreseeable 
future  and  this  means  there  is  a  material  uncertainty  as  to  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern, however, the Directors are confident that the Group will be able to raise, as required, sufficient 
cash or reduce its commitments to enable it to continue its operations and to continue to meet, as and 
when they fall due, its liabilities for at least the next twelve months from the date of approval of the Group 
Financial  Statements.  The  Group  Financial  Statements  have,  therefore,  been  prepared  on  the  going 
concern basis. 

The Group has 3 members of staff (including Directors). 

Principal Activities 
The Company was incorporated in England and Wales on 29 January 2016 as an investment company 
to acquire oil and gas assets. Its first acquisition was of Coos Bay, which has now been wholly written off.  

The Group’s business is now operated  through the United Kingdom and is focused on identifying  and 
acquiring a new business in a promising sector.     

Review of the Business  
On  3  February  2021,  the  Company  terminated  discussions  with  Seven  Sun  Stars  Investment  Group 
(“SSSIG”) to acquire a 100% interest in the London Critical Metals Market (“LCMM”).  

On 3 February 2021, the Company announced that it had executed a letter of intent with Poseidon Plastics 
Limited (“PPL”), where Curzon Chairman John McGoldrick is the Executive Chairman, to acquire a 100% 
interest via a potential reverse takeover. PPL and the Company had entered a period of exclusivity, where 
each party will conduct due diligence on the other.   

The parties have further agreed that during this period they will work towards the execution and delivery 
of a sale and purchase agreement.  This period of exclusivity has been extended multiple times throughout 
the course of the year as due diligence remains ongoing, with the current expiry of this period now having 
been extended to 30 September 2022.           

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) 
As the Company is currently pursuing a potential reverse takeover, the Directors take the view that KPIs 
would not provide materially useful information to investors at this time.  As the business develops further, 
the addition of KPIs will be considered and added as appropriate.   

Principal Risks and Risk Management 
As the Company is currently pursuing a reverse takeover, that would materially change the nature of the 
business, the primary risk to the business during this period is going concern risk and a potential inability 
to fund the business through this transition. 

The Company’s Risk Mitigation Strategies Include the Following: 

▪  Utilising the Directors’ experience in fundraising to maintain a balance of funding sources during 

the period of transition;  

▪  Managing  the  Company’s  existing  debt  positions,  keeping  all  stakeholders  up  to  date  and 

informed as to progress of the transaction;   

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Strategic Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

▪  Judicious use of capital and cost control during the transition.  

Corporate Responsibility 
The Company takes its responsibilities as a corporate citizen seriously. The Board’s primary goal is to 
create shareholder value in a responsible way, which serves all stakeholders. 

Section 172 Statement 
Section  172  of  the  Companies  Act  2006  requires  Directors  to  take  into  consideration  the  interests  of 
stakeholders  in  their  decision  making.  The  Directors  continue  to  have  regard  to  the  interests  of  the 
Company’s employees and other stakeholders, including the impact of its activities on the community, the 
environment  and  the  Company’s  reputation,  when  making  decisions.  Acting  in  good  faith  and  fairly 
between members, the Directors consider what is most likely to promote the success of the Company for 
its members in the long term.  

The  Directors  are  fully  aware  of  their  responsibilities  to  promote  the  success  of  the  Company  in 
accordance  with  section  172  of  the  Companies  Act  2006.  The  Board  regularly  reviews  our  principal 
stakeholders  and  how  we  engage  with  them.  The  stakeholder  voice  is  brought  into  the  boardroom 
throughout the annual cycle through information provided by management and also by direct engagement 
with  stakeholders  themselves.  The  relevance  of  each  stakeholder  group  may  increase  or  decrease, 
depending on the matter or issue in question, so the Board seeks to consider the needs and priorities of 
each stakeholder group during its discussions and as part of its decision making. 

The Board welcomes the opportunity to engage with our shareholders and with the capital markets more 
generally.  The  Board  achieves  this  through  dialogue  with  shareholders,  prospective  shareholders  and 
capital markets participants, including corporate brokers. Feedback from any such meetings or calls would 
be shared with all Board members.   

Investors,  prospective  investors  and  analysts  can  contact  the  Executive  Director  as  well  as  access 
information on our corporate website.  The Board believes that appropriate steps have been taken during 
the  year  so  that  all  members  of  the  Board  and  in  particular  the  non-executive  Directors,  have  an 
understanding of the views of major shareholders. 

Governance 
The  Board  considers  sound  governance  as  a  critical  component  of  the  Company’s  success  and  the 
highest priority. The Company has an effective and engaged Board, with a strong non-executive presence 
drawn  from  diverse  backgrounds  and  with  well-functioning  governance  committees.  Through  the 
the 
Company’s  compensation  policies  and  variable  components  of  employee  remuneration, 
Remuneration  Committee  of  the  Board  seeks  to  ensure  that  the  Company’s  values  are  reinforced  in 
employee behavior and that effective risk management is promoted.  

Analysis by Gender 

Category 

Directors 

Senior Managers 

Other Employees 

Male 

3 

0 

0 

Female 

0 

0 

0 

Employees and Their Development 
The Company is dependent upon the qualities and skills of its employees and their commitment plays a 
major role  in the Company’s business success. Employees’  performance is aligned to  the Company’s 
goals through an annual performance review process and via incentive programs.  The Company provides 
employees with information about its activities through regular briefings and other media. The Company 
operates a Share Option Scheme operated at the discretion of the Remuneration Committee. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Strategic Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Diversity and Inclusion 
The Company does not discriminate on the grounds of age, gender, nationality, ethnic or racial origin, 
non-job-related-disability, sexual orientation or marital status. The Company gives due consideration to 
all applications and provides training and the opportunity for career development wherever possible. The 
Board does not support discrimination of any form, positive or negative, and all appointments are based 
solely on merit. 

Health and Safety  
The Company endeavors to ensure that the working environment is safe and healthy and conducive to 
the wellbeing of employees, who are able to balance work and family commitments.  The Company has 
a Health and Safety at Work Policy, which is reviewed regularly by the Board and is committed to the 
health and safety of its employees and others, who may be affected by the Company’s activities.  The 
Company  provides  the  information,  instruction,  training  and  supervision  necessary  to  ensure  that 
employees are able to discharge their duties effectively.  The health and safety procedures, used by the 
Company, ensure compliance with all applicable legal, environmental and regulatory requirements as well 
as its own internal standards. 

Prospects  
In February 2021, the Board announced that it had entered a period of exclusivity with PPL, where Curzon 
Chairman John McGoldrick is the Executive Chairman, in order to pursue the execution and delivery of a 
definitive  purchase  agreement,  contemplating  a  RTO  of  Curzon  by  PPL.  A  RTO  would  be  conditional 
upon receipt of the required regulatory approvals from the FCA and its primary market functions, among 
other matters.  Throughout the course of 2021, PPL extended its rights under the exclusivity arrangement 
by providing ongoing funding to the Company. 

PPL continues to work to prepare its business for a potential transaction with Curzon, and meaningful 
progress  has  been  made  in  this  arena  over  the  course  of  the  year.  After  the  year  end,  the  Company 
extended PPL’s exclusivity rights to 1 June 2022, with PPL holding the right to continue to extend through 
to 30 September 2022,  which is expected to provide enough time to complete both due diligence and 
preparations ahead of the proposed RTO transaction.     

Signed by order of the Board     

Scott Kaintz 
Chief Executive Officer 
28 April 2021 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report  

     Annual Report 2021 

The Directors present their report on the Company, together with the audited Financial Statements of the 
Company for the year ended 31 December 2021.  

Cautionary Statement 
The review of the business and its future development in the Strategic Report has been prepared solely 
to provide additional information to shareholders to assess the Company’s strategies and the potential for 
these  strategies  to  succeed.  It  should  not  be  relied  on  by  any  other  party  for  any  other  purpose.  The 
review  contains  forward  looking  statements,  which  are  made  by  the  Directors  in  good  faith  based  on 
information  available  to  them  up  to  the  time  of  the  approval  of  the  reports  and  should  be  treated  with 
caution due to the inherent uncertainties associated with such statements. 

Results and Dividends 
Given the nature of the business and its development strategy, it is unlikely that the Board will recommend 
a dividend in the next few years. The Directors believe the Company should seek to re-invest any profits 
to fund the Company’s growth strategy over the short- and medium-term horizons. 

Directors’ Insurance and Indemnities  
The  Directors  have  the  benefit  of  the  indemnity  provisions,  contained  in  the  Company’s  Articles  of 
Association  (‘Articles’),  and  the  Company  has  maintained  throughout  the  year  Directors’  and  officers’ 
liability insurance for the benefit of the Company, the Directors and its officers. The Company has entered 
into qualifying third-party indemnity arrangements for the benefit of all its Directors in a form and scope, 
which comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006, and which were in force throughout the 
year and remain in force. 

Business Review and Future Developments  
Details of the business activities and developments, made during the period, can be found in the Strategic 
Report and in note 1 to the Financial Statements respectively. 

Financial Instruments and Risk Management 
Disclosures regarding financial instruments are provided within note 20 to the Financial Statements. 

Capital Structure and Issue of Shares 
Details of the Company’s share capital, together with details of the movements during the period, are set 
out in note 17 to the Financial Statements. The Company has one class of Ordinary Shares, which carry 
no right to fixed income.  

Post Balance Sheet Events 

Loan Facility Drawdowns  
Following  the  reporting  date,  the  Company  drew  down  on  a  further  £140,000  on  its  loan  facility  with 
Poseidon  Enhanced  Technologies  Limited,  bringing  the  total  value  of  the  principal  of  this  loan  facility 
outstanding to £590,000. 

Exclusivity Extensions  
On 4 January 2022, 31 January 2022, 23 February 2022, 2 March 2022, 31 March 2022 and 28 April 
2022, the Company announced a series of extensions to the exclusivity period, entered into with Poseidon 
Enhanced Technologies Limited under the terms of the Letter of Intent (LOI) entered into between the 
parties,  initially  announced  on  3  February  2021,  with  such  period  now  expiring  on  1  June  2022  and 
extendable through 30 September 2022. 

Loan Extension and Increase  
On 23 February 2022, the Company announced that it had extended its outstanding loan with Poseidon 
Enhanced Technologies Limited to 14 February 2023 along with an expansion of the total principal 
available for drawdown from £500,000 to £745,000. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Directors  
The Directors of the Company, who have served during the period and at the date of this report are: 

Director 

Role 

Date of 
Appointment 

Date of 
Resignation 

Board 
Committee* 

John McGoldrick 

Chairman and Non-Executive Director 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Executive Director 

Non-Executive Director 

04/10/2017 

27/06/2018 

27/09/2016 

 N, R, A 

N, R, A 

*Board Committee abbreviations are as follows: N = Nomination Committee; A = Audit and Risk Committee; R = Remuneration 
Committee. 

Board of Directors 
Details of the current Directors and their backgrounds are as follows: 

John McGoldrick  (Chairman and Non-Executive Director, aged 64)  
John McGoldrick has over thirty years of experience in a variety of senior management roles, notably at 
Enterprise Oil where he was responsible for its US operations up until Shell’s takeover in 2002. Since 
then,  Mr.  McGoldrick  has  served  as  executive  chairman  of  Caza  Oil  &  Gas  Inc.  (formerly  Falcon  Bay 
Energy  LLC),  a  US  onshore  exploration  and  production  company,  which  went  public  in  Toronto  and 
London in 2007, becoming Non-Executive Chairman in 2010. From 2008 to 2013, Mr. McGoldrick was a 
Non-Executive Director of Vanguard Natural Resources LLC, a NYSE-listed Oil & Gas company focused 
on  the  US.  In  January  2012,  Mr.  McGoldrick  joined  Dart  Energy  International  as  CEO,  subsequently 
becoming CEO of Dart Energy in March 2013. He held this post until Dart Energy’s takeover by IGas at 
the end of 2014.  Mr. McGoldrick is currently the Executive Chairman of Poseidon Plastics Limited. Mr. 
McGoldrick holds a Bachelor of Engineering in Chemical Engineering with Management Economics from 
University of Bradford. 

Scott Kaintz  (Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer, aged 44)  
Scott  has  extensive  experience  leading,  funding  and  operating  publicly  traded  natural  resource 
exploration and development businesses on the London markets.  He started his career as a US Air Force 
Officer working across Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia.  He subsequently held managerial and 
technology roles in the defence sector in Europe, before transitioning to corporate finance and investment 
positions, focused primarily on capital raising and making debt and equity investments in small-cap listed 
companies.   Scott  has  significant  experience  in  emerging  markets,  with  a  particular  emphasis  on  the 
countries of the former Soviet Union.  Scott holds a BSLA in Russian language and Russian Area Studies 
from  Georgetown  University  as  well  as  MBA  degrees  from  Columbia  Business  School  and  London 
Business School. He is also a Director of Corcel Plc and Red Rock Resources Plc. 

Owen May  (Non-Executive Director, aged 61)  
Mr. Owen May is an American banker with over 30 years of experience on Wall Street. He currently serves 
as  a  Managing  Director  of  MD  Global  Partners,  a  full-service  investment-banking  firm,  and  is  actively 
involved in a broad range of investment activities in Israel, China and Europe.  Mr. May started his career 
at Lehman Brothers as a Financial Advisor in the high-net-worth division in 1985. After leaving Lehman 
Brothers in 1989, Mr. May joined D.H. Blair & Co., a small boutique firm on Wall Street.  In 1993, Mr. May 
went on to establish May Davis Group, a full-service investment banking firm on Wall Street that offered 
a full range of investment banking, research, sales, trading and retail brokerage services.  In 2007, Mr. 
May  established  MD  Global  Partners  LLC,  a  firm  that  specialises  in  corporate  finance,  mergers  & 
acquisitions, restructuring and business development.  Following his undergraduate degree in Biology at 
University  of  Miami,  Mr.  May  earned  an  MBA  in  Finance  from  Duke  University’s  Fuqua  School  of 
Business, where he currently sits on the Board of Visitors and offers career coaching and opportunities 
to  programme  participants.  He  also  continues  to  hold  a  position  on  the  President’s  Council  for  the 
University of Miami.  

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Directors’ Interests in Shares  
Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company, at the date of this report, are disclosed below.  

Director 

John McGoldrick 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Ordinary Shares Held 

% Held 

316,455 

949,367 

- 

0.32 

0.95 

- 

Substantial Interests 
As at 1 April 2022, the Company has been advised of the following significant interests (greater than 3%) 
in its ordinary share capital: 

Shareholder 

Ordinary Shares Held 

% Held 

Jim Nominees Limited, Designation JARVIS 

39,442,082 

39.58% 

Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited, Designation SMKTNOMS 

5,430,173 

5.45% 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited, Designation 15942 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited, Designation HLNOM 

Queensbury Inc 

5,239,899 

5.26% 

4,219,667 

4.23% 

4,000,000 

4.01% 

Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited, Designation SMKTISAS 

3,627,140 

3.64% 

Corporate Governance 
The Board is committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and, so far as appropriate 
given the Company’s size  and the constitution of the  Board, complies with the Corporate Governance 
Guidelines for Small and Mid-Sized Companies (the “QCA Code”). 

The Board 
The Board currently comprises one Executive Director and two Non-Executive Directors, one of whom is 
considered  independent.  The  Board  is  ultimately  responsible  for  the  day-to-day  management  of  the 
Company’s  business,  its  strategy  and  key  policies.  Members  of  the  Board  are  appointed  by  the 
Shareholders. The Board also has power to appoint additional directors, subject to such appointments 
being approved by Shareholders. At least six board meetings are held per year.  

Director 

Number of Meetings Held During 
Tenure 

Number of Meetings Attended 

John McGoldrick 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

As  prescribed  by  the  QCA  Code,  the  Board  has  established  three  committees:  An  Audit  and  Risk 
Committee, a Remuneration Committee and a Nomination Committee. 

Each of the committees were formed on admission of the Company to the Standard Listing Segment on 
4 October 2017. The Audit and Risk Committee and the Remuneration Committees have met once each 
during 2021.  

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Audit and Risk Committee  
The  Audit  and  Risk  Committee,  which  comprises  John  McGoldrick  and  Owen  May,  is  responsible, 
amongst  other  things,  for  monitoring  the  Group’s  financial  reporting,  external  and  internal  audits  and 
controls, including reviewing and monitoring the integrity of the Group’s annual and half-yearly financial 
statements,  reviewing  and  monitoring  the  extent  of  non-audit  work,  undertaken  by  external  auditors, 
advising  on the appointment of external auditors, overseeing the Group’s relationship  with  its external 
auditors, reviewing the effectiveness of the external audit process and reviewing the effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control review function. The ultimate responsibility for reviewing and approving the annual 
report and accounts and the half-yearly reports remains with the Board. The Audit and Risk Committee 
gives due consideration to laws and regulations, the provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code 
(the Quoted Companies’ Alliance code) and the requirements of the Listing Rules. The Audit and Risk 
Committee shall meet at least once a  year at appropriate  intervals in  the financial reporting and audit 
cycle and otherwise as required.  

Remuneration Committee 
The  Remuneration  Committee,  which  comprises  John  McGoldrick  and  Owen  May,  is  responsible, 
amongst other things, for assisting the Board in determining its responsibilities in relation to remuneration, 
including making recommendations to the  Board on  the Company’s policy on  executive remuneration, 
including  setting  the  parameters  and  governance  framework  of  the  Group’s  remuneration  policy  and 
determining  the  individual  remuneration  and  benefits  package  of  each  of  the  Company’s  Executive 
Directors and the Group. It is also responsible for approving the rules and basis for participation in any 
performance  related  pay-schemes,  share  incentive  schemes  and  obtaining  reliable  and  up-to-date 
information about remuneration in other companies.  The Remuneration Committee shall meet at  least 
once a year. 

Nomination Committee 
The Nomination Committee, which comprises John McGoldrick as Chairman and Owen May, will identify 
and nominate, for the approval of the Board, candidates to fill Board vacancies as and when they arise. 
The Nominations Committee will meet as required. 

Share Dealing Policy 
The Company has adopted a Share Dealing Policy, which sets out the requirements and procedures for 
dealings in any of its listed securities. The  Share Dealing  Policy  applies  widely  to the Directors of the 
Company and its subsidiaries, the Company’s employees and persons closely associated with them. The 
policy complies with the Market Abuse Regulations, which came into effect on 3 July 2016.   

Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption Policy 
The Company has adopted an Anti-Bribery and Anti-Corruption Policy, which applies to the Directors and 
any future employees of the Company. The Directors believe that the Group, through its internal controls, 
has  appropriate  procedures  in  place  to  reduce  the  risk  of  bribery  and  that  all  employees,  agents, 
consultants and associated persons are made fully aware of the Group’s policies and procedures with 
respect to ethical behaviour, business conduct and transparency.  

Health and Safety 
The safety of the Group’s employees and contractors is critical to its operations. Coos Bay requires its 
contractors working on site to comply with all applicable laws in connection with the performance of its 
work,  including  applicable  requirements  of  the  Occupational  Health  and  Safety  Act  and  the  rules 
promulgated thereunder (OSHA). As Coos Bay currently maintains no employees and almost all work on 
site is performed by independent contractors, Coos Bay has not developed any formal safety procedures 
or training programs beyond those that may be required by OSHA or other applicable laws. The Board 
intends to review Coos Bay’s health and safety practices from time-to-time to ensure that they remain 
consistent with current industry standards. 

Relations with Shareholders 
As detailed further below, the Directors seek to build on a mutual understanding of objectives between 
the  Company  and  its  shareholders  by  meeting  to  discuss  long  term  issues  and  receive  feedback, 
communicating regularly throughout the year and issuing trading updates as appropriate. The Board also 
seeks to use the Annual General Meeting to communicate with its shareholders.  

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Fair, Balanced and Understandable Assessment of Position and Prospects 
The Board has shown its commitment to presenting fair, balanced and comprehensible assessments of 
the Company’s position and prospects by providing comprehensive disclosures within the financial report 
in relation to its activities. The Board has applied the principles of good governance, relating to Directors’ 
remuneration  as  described  below.  The  Board  has  determined  that  there  are  no  specific  issues,  which 
need to be brought to the attention of shareholders.  

Remuneration Strategy 
The  Company  operates  in  a  competitive  market.  If  it  is  to  compete  successfully,  it  is  essential  that  it 
attracts,  develops  and  retains  high  quality  staff.  Remuneration  policy  has  an  important  part  to  play  in 
achieving  this  objective.  The  Company  aims  to  offer  its  staff  a  remuneration  package,  which  is  both 
competitive  in  the  relevant  employment  market  and  which  reflects  individual  performance  and 
contribution.  

Share Options and Warrants 
Certain Directors have interests in these as follows: 

Name 

Number of 
Options or Warrants 

Exercise Price 

Vesting 

Expiry Date 

John McGoldrick 

280,854 

£0.10 

25 Sept 2018 

4 Oct 2022 

Communication with Shareholders 
The Board attaches great importance to communication with both institutional and private shareholders. 
Regular communication is maintained with all shareholders through Company announcements, the half-
year Statement and the Annual Report and Financial Statements. 

The  Directors  seek  to  build  on  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders.  Institutional  shareholders  are  in  contact  with  the  Directors  through  presentations  and 
meetings to discuss issues and to give feedback regularly throughout the year. With private shareholders, 
this is not always practical.  

The Board therefore intends to use the Company’s Annual General Meeting as the opportunity to meet 
private shareholders, who are encouraged to attend, and at which the Board will give a presentation on 
the activities of the Company.  

Following the presentation, there  will be an opportunity  to meet and ask questions of Directors and to 
discuss development of the business. 

The Company operates a website at http://www.curzonenergy.com/investor-relations 

The  website  contains  details  of  the  Company  and  its  activities,  regulatory  announcements,  Company 
announcements, interim statements, preliminary statements and annual reports.  

Greenhouse Gas Emissions 
The Group has as yet minimal greenhouse gas emissions to report from the operations of the Company 
and its subsidiaries and does not have responsibility for any other emission producing sources under the 
Companies Act 2006 (Strategic Report and Directors Report) Regulations 2014. 

The Company currently intends to hold its Annual General Meeting on 31 May 2022 at 2.00 pm, and it 
encourages all shareholders to  vote  via  proxy  regardless of their  intention of attending the meeting  in 
person.    

Financial Risk Management 
The Group is exposed to a variety of financial risks, including currency risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. 
Some of the objectives and policies applied by management to mitigate these risks are outlined in note 
20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.   

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Share Capital 
The Company’s Ordinary Shares of £0.0001 per share and Deferred share of £0.0099 represent 100% of 
its total share capital. At a meeting of the Company every member present in person or by proxy shall 
have one vote for every Ordinary Share of which he is the holder. Holders of Ordinary Shares are entitled 
to receive dividends. Deferred shares do not carry any voting right or right to receive dividends. 

On a winding-up or other return of capital, holders are entitled to share in any surplus assets pro rata to 
the amount paid up on their Ordinary Shares.  The shares are not redeemable at the option of either the 
Company or the holder.  There are no restrictions on the transfer of shares. 

Independent Auditors  
During the year, Crowe U.K. LLP was re-appointed as auditor to the Company.  

Provision of Information to Auditors 
Each of the persons, who are Directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved, has confirmed 
that: 

▪  so  far  as  that  Director  is  aware,  there  is  no  information  relevant  to  the  audit  of  which  the 

Company's auditors are unaware; and 

▪  each Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be 
aware of any information needed by the Company's auditors in connection with preparing their 
report and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information. 

Signed by order of the Board 

Scott Kaintz 
Chief Executive Officer 
28 April 2022 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Directors’ Remuneration Report  

     Annual Report 2021 

The Board of Directors has established a Remuneration Committee. The Remuneration Committee (the 
“Committee”) comprises our two Non-Executive Directors, John McGoldrick and Owen May. 

The members of the Remuneration Committee have the necessary experience of executive compensation 
matters, relevant to their responsibilities as members of such a committee by virtue of their respective 
professions,  contacts  within  the  minerals  industry  as  well  as  experience  in  the  broader  business 
community. In addition, each member of the Remuneration Committee keeps abreast on a regular basis 
of  trends  and  developments,  affecting  executive  compensation.  Accordingly,  it  is  considered  that  the 
Remuneration  Committee  has  sufficient  experience  and  knowledge  to  set  appropriate  levels  of 
compensation. Neither the Company nor the Remuneration Committee engaged independent consultants 
to evaluate the levels of compensation during the year ended 31 December 2021. 

Committee’s Main Responsibility 
The Remuneration Committee is responsible, amongst other things, for assisting the Board in determining 
its responsibilities in relation to remuneration,  including making recommendations to the  Board  on  the 
Company’s  policy  on  executive  remuneration,  including  setting  the  parameters  and  governance 
framework of the Group’s remuneration policy and determining the individual remuneration and benefits 
package for the Company’s Executive Directors and the Group. It is also responsible for approving the 
rules and basis for participation in any performance related pay-schemes, share incentive schemes and 
obtaining reliable and up-to-date information about remuneration in other companies.  The Remuneration 
Committee shall meet at least once a year. 

Statement of Policy on Directors’ Remuneration 
The  Company’s  policy  is  to  set  remuneration  to  attract  and  retain  the  highest  quality  of  directors  and 
senior executives, and to: 

▪  align their interests with shareholders’; 

▪  avoid incentivising excessive risk taking by executives; 

▪  be proportionate to the contribution of the individuals concerned; and 

▪  be sensitive to pay and employment conditions elsewhere in the group. 

The  Company  is  at  an  early  stage  of  development.  As  a  result,  the  use  of  traditional  performance 
standards,  such  as  corporate  profitability,  is  not  considered  by  the  Remuneration  Committee  to  be 
appropriate in the evaluation of corporate or Directors’ performance. Discretionary bonuses may be paid 
to aid staff retention and reward performance. 

The Company provides Executive Directors with base fees, which represent their minimum compensation 
for services rendered during the financial year. The base fees of Directors and senior executives depend 
on the scope of their experience, responsibilities and performance. 

The  Remuneration  Committee  has  considered  the  risk  implications  of  the  Company’s  compensation 
policies and practices and has concluded that there is no appreciable risk associated with such policies 
and practices since such policies and practices do not have the potential of encouraging an executive 
officer or other applicable individual to take on any undue risk or to otherwise expose the Company to 
inappropriate or excessive risks. Furthermore, although the Company does not have in place any specific 
prohibitions,  preventing  executives  from  purchasing  financial  instruments,  including  prepaid  variable 
forward contracts, equity swaps, collars or units of exchange funds that are designed to hedge or offset 
a decrease in market value of options or other equity securities of the Company granted in compensation 
or held directly or indirectly by the director, the Company is unaware of the purchase of any such financial 
instruments by any Director. 

The  Company  does  not  anticipate  making  any  significant  changes  to  its  compensation  policies  and 
practices during 2022. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Remuneration Report continued 

     Annual Report 2021 

Directors’ Remuneration 
The Directors, who held office on 31 December 2021 and  who  had beneficial interests in the ordinary 
shares of the Company, are summarised as follows: 

Name of Director 

Position 

John McGoldrick 

Chairman, Non-Executive Director  

Scott Kaintz 

Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director 

Directors’ Service Contracts 
John McGoldrick was appointed by the Company with effect from Admission to act as Chairman and a 
Non-Executive  Director  of  the  Company  under  a  letter  of  appointment,  dated  4  October  2017.  His 
appointment is terminable on three months’ written notice on either side. He is entitled to a fee of £50,000 
per annum. 

Owen May was appointed as a Director on 27 September 2016. He has been appointed to act as a Non-
Executive Director of the Company pursuant to a letter of appointment with the Company, dated 23 May 
2017. His appointment is terminable on three months’ written notice on either side. Owen is entitled to a 
fee of £25,000 per annum payable in cash or shares at the discretion of the Board.   

Scott Kaintz  was appointed as a Director  on 27 June 2018. He  was appointed to act as an  Executive 
Director and Chief Executive Officer as of 5 November 2018. His appointment continues until terminated 
by either party giving four months written notice. Scott is entitled to a fee of £120,000 per annum. 

Summary Compensation Table (audited) 
The following table sets forth the compensation awarded, paid to or earned by each Director during 2021: 

2021 

Directors’ 
fees 
US$ 

Social  
security  
costs 
US$ 

Total cash-
compensation 
 US$ 

Share-based 
payments 
(options) 
US$ 

Total 
compensation 
US$ 

John McGoldrick 

68,876 

- 

151,528 

13,219 

34,438 

- 

68,876 

164,747 

34,438 

254,842 

13,219 

268,061 

- 

- 

- 

- 

68,876 

164,747 

34,438 

268,061 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Total Directors’ 
compensation 

John McGoldrick has, through agreement with the Company, agreed to defer payment of his 2017, 2018, 
2019,  2020  and  2021  Director’s  compensation,  which  at  31  December  2021  totaled  £202,500 
(US$273,160).  

Owen May has, through agreement with the Company, agreed to defer payment of his 2018, 2019, 2020 
and 2021 Director’s compensation, which at 31 December 2021 totaled £72,917 (US$98,360). 

As at 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020, Scott Kaintz was owed £50,000 (US$67,400) in unpaid 
salary. 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Remuneration Report continued 

Summary Compensation Table (Audited) 

     Annual Report 2021 

2020 

Directors’ 
fees 
US$ 

Social  
security  
costs 
US$ 

Total cash-
compensation 
 US$ 

Share-based 
payments 
(options)    

US$ 

Total 
compensation 
US$ 

John McGoldrick 

63,800 

- 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Total Directors’ 
compensation 

148,335 

20,995 

29,242 

- 

63,800 

169,330 

29,242 

241,377 

20,995 

262,372 

- 

- 

- 

- 

63,800 

169,330 

29,242 

262,372 

Share-Based Awards (audited) 
The Company has awarded the following share options to the Directors of the Company in accordance 
with its share option plan: 

Director 

John McGoldrick 

Number of 
options  

Exercise 
price  

Vesting 

Expiry date 

280,854 

£0.10 

25 Sept 2018 

4 Oct 2022 

There were no awards of annual bonuses or incentive arrangements in the period. All remuneration was 
therefore fixed in nature and no illustrative table of the application of remuneration policy has been 
included in this report.  

Directors’ Interests in Shares (audited) 
Directors’ interests in the shares of the Company at the date of this report are disclosed below:  

Director 

John McGoldrick 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Ordinary shares held 

% Held 

316,455 

949,367 

- 

0.32 

1.14 

- 

Other Matters Subject to Audit 
The  Company  does  not  currently  have  any  pension  plans  for  any  of  the  Directors  and  does  not  pay 
pension amounts in relation to their remuneration. 

Other Matters 
The Company does not currently have any annual or long-term incentive schemes in place for any of the 
Directors and as such there are no disclosures in this respect. 

The performance of the Remuneration Committee is yet to be assessed, given the short time frame that 
it has been operational. 

No  performance  graph  has  been  included  here  as  the  Company  is  in  the  early  stages  of  its  business 
development.  

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Annual Report 2021 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Remuneration Report continued 

Signed 

John McGoldrick  
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
28 April 2022 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Statement  of  Directors’  Responsibilities  in  Respect  of  the Strategic  Report,  the 
Directors’ Report and the Financial Statements 

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors’ Report and the Financial 
Statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.   

Company law requires the Directors to prepare Financial Statements for each financial year. Under that 
law they have elected to prepare the Financial Statements in accordance with UK adopted International 
Accounting Standards and applicable law.   

Under company law, the Directors must not approve the Financial Statements unless they are satisfied 
that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group 
for that period. In preparing these Financial Statements, the Directors are required to:   

▪  select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

▪  make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;   

▪  state whether they have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting 

Standards; and   

▪  prepare  the  Financial  Statements  on  the  going  concern  basis,  unless  it  is  inappropriate  to 

presume that the Company will continue in business. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain  the  Company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial 
position  of  the  Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  Financial  Statements  comply  with  the 
Companies Act 2006. They have general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to 
them to safeguard the assets of the Company and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.   

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information, 
included on the Company’s website. Legislation in the UK, governing the preparation and dissemination 
of Financial Statements, may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 

▪ 

▪ 

the  Financial  Statements,  prepared  in  accordance  with  UK  adopted  International  Accounting 
standards, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of 
the Group; 

the Directors report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business 
and  the  position  of  the  Company,  together  with  a  description  of  the  principal  risks  and 
uncertainties that they face. 

By Order of the Board 

John McGoldrick 
Director  
28 April 2022 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc   

Opinion  
We  have  audited  the  Financial  Statements  of  Curzon  Energy  Plc  (the  “Company”  or  the  “Parent 
Company”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the year ended 31 December 2021, which comprise the 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income,  the  Consolidated  and  Company  Statements  of 
Financial  Position,  the  Consolidated  and  Company  Statements  of  Cash  Flows,  the  Consolidated  and 
Company Statements of Changes in Equity and Notes to the Financial Statements, including significant 
accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in preparation of the Group 
and Parent Company Financial  Statements is applicable  law and UK-adopted international accounting 
standards.   

In our opinion: 

▪ 

▪ 

▪ 

the Financial Statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group and Company’s affairs 
as at 31 December 2021 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended; 

the Group and Company Financial Statements have been properly prepared in accordance with 
UK-adopted international accounting standards; and 

the  Financial  Statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for Opinion  
We conducted our audit in accordance  with International  Standards on  Auditing  (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and 
applicable  law.  Our  responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the 
Group and the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the 
Financial  Statements  in  the  UK,  including  the  FRC’s  Ethical  Standard,  and  we  have  fulfilled  our  other 
ethical  responsibilities  in  accordance  with  these  requirements. We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 
We  draw  attention  to  note  2  to  the  Financial  Statements,  which  details  the  factors  the  Directors 
considered, when assessing the going concern position. As detailed in note 2, the Group currently has 
no  source  of  revenue  and  is  reliant  on  loans  to  continue  to  meet  its  obligations.  The  Group  will  need 
additional funding to continue operations for the foreseeable future, which indicates the existence of a 
material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. 
Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.   

In  auditing  the  Financial  Statements,  we  have  concluded  that  the  Directors’  use  of  the  going  concern 
basis  of  accounting  in  preparation  of  the  Financial  Statements  is  appropriate.  Our  evaluation  of  the 
Directors’ assessment of the entity’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting 
included: 

▪  discussions with management; 

▪ 

reviewing the letter of intent regarding possible acquisition of a 100% interest in Poseidon Plastics 
Ltd by means of a reverse takeover (“RTO”); 

▪  discussing the RTO progress directly with the target, Poseidon Plastics Ltd; 

▪ 

reviewing the Directors’ going concern assessment, including the worst-case scenario cash flow 
forecast that covers at least 12 months from the date we expect to sign the audit report; 

▪  assessing of the key assumptions, judgements and estimates, used in the cash flow forecast; 

▪ 

reviewing funding and availability of finance; 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc continued 

▪  making enquiries of management as to its knowledge of events or conditions beyond the period 
of their assessment that may cast significant doubt on the entity's ability to continue as a going 
concern, and evaluating the reliability of the data underpinning the forecast cash flows. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described 
in the relevant sections of this report. 

Overview of Our Audit Approach 
Materiality 
In planning and performing our audit, we applied the concept of materiality. An item is considered material 
if it could reasonably be expected to change the economic decisions of a user of the Financial Statements. 
We used the concept of materiality to both focus our testing and to evaluate the impact of misstatements 
identified. 

Based  on  our  professional  judgement,  we  determined  overall  materiality  for  the  Group  Financial 
Statements as a whole to be US$41,000 (2020: US$35,000), based on a percentage the net liabilities 
(2020: based on 5% of adjusted result for the year). The change in the basis for the materiality is due to 
the change in nature of the Group’s operations. 

Materiality for the Parent Company Financial Statements as a whole was set at £34,000 (2020: £30,000) 
based on a percentage of net liabilities (2020: based on 5% of adjusted result for the year). The change 
in the basis for the materiality is due to the change in nature of the Company’s operations. 

We use a different level of materiality (“performance materiality”) to determine the extent of our testing for 
the audit of the  Financial  Statements. Performance materiality is set based on the audit materiality  as 
adjusted for the judgements made as to the entity risk and our evaluation of the specific risk of each audit 
area  having  regard  to  the  internal  control  environment.  Performance  materiality  was  set  at  70%  of 
materiality  for  the  Financial  Statements  as  a  whole,  which  equates  to  US$28,700  for  the  Group  and 
£23,800 for the Parent. 

Where  considered  appropriate  performance  materiality  may  be  reduced  to  a  lower  level,  such  as,  for 
related party transactions and Directors’ remuneration. 

We  agreed  with  the  Audit  Committee  to  report  to  it  all  identified  errors  in  excess  of  US$2,000  (2020: 
US$1,750). Errors below that threshold would also be reported to it if, in our opinion as auditor, disclosure 
was required on qualitative grounds. 

Overview of the Scope of Our Audit 
There are two components of the Group, Curzon Energy Plc as the parent entity and the US sub-group 
headed by Coos Bay Energy LLC.  All audit work has been conducted by the Group audit team. 

Key Audit Matters 
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the Financial Statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of 
material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those, which had the greatest 
effect on the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the 
engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the Financial Statements 
as  a  whole,  and  in  forming  our  opinion  thereon,  and  we  do  not  provide  a  separate  opinion  on  these 
matters. 

Apart  from  going  concern,  where  our  work  is  described  in  the  “Material  Uncertainty  Related  to  Going 
Concern” section, we have determined that there are no other key audit matters.  

Other Information 
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the  Financial 
Statements  and  our  auditor’s  report  thereon.  The  Directors  are  responsible  for  the  other  information 
contained within the annual report.  

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc continued 

Our opinion on the Financial Statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent 
otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 
Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information 
is materially inconsistent with the Financial Statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the 
audit,  or  otherwise  appears  to  be  materially  misstated.  If  we  identify  such  material  inconsistencies  or 
apparent  material  misstatements,  we  are  required  to  determine  whether  this  gives  rise  to  a  material 
misstatement  in  the  Financial  Statements  themselves.  If,  based  on  the  work  we  have  performed,  we 
conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on Other Matters Prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 
In our opinion the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited has been properly prepared 
in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit: 

▪ 

▪ 

the information given in the Strategic and the Directors' Reports for the financial year for which 
the Financial Statements are prepared is consistent with the Financial Statements; and 

the Strategic and the Directors’ Reports have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

Matters on which We are Required to Report by Exception 
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent Company and their environment 
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report 
or the Directors’ Report. 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters, where the Companies Act 2006 requires us 
to report to you if, in our opinion: 

▪  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Company, or returns adequate for our 

audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

▪ 

the Group and Company Financial Statements and the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report 
to be audited are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

▪  certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration, specified by law, are not made; or 

▪  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of the Directors for the Financial Statements 
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page 16, the Directors are 
responsible for the preparation of the Financial Statements and for being satisfied that they give a true 
and  fair  view,  and  for  such  internal  control  as  the  Directors  determine  is  necessary  to  enable  the 
preparation of Financial  Statements that  are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error. 

In preparing the Financial Statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Company’s ability 
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease 
operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc continued 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the Financial Statements as a whole 
are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditor’s Report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, 
they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of 
these Financial Statements. 

Irregularities,  including  fraud,  are  instances  of  non-compliance  with  laws  and  regulations.  We  design 
procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of 
irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, 
including fraud is detailed below, however the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of 
fraud lies with management and those charged with the governance of the partner company and group.  
We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the Group 
and  the  procedures  in  place  for  ensuring  compliance.  The  most  significant  areas  identified  were  the 
Companies Act 2006 and specific regulations relevant to the Group’s past activities. 

▪  As part of our audit planning process we assessed the different areas of the Financial Statements, 
including disclosures, for the risk of material misstatement. This included considering the risk of 
fraud, where direct enquiries were made of management and those charged with governance, 
concerning  both  whether  they  had  any  knowledge  of  actual  or  suspected  fraud  and  their 
assessment of the susceptibility of fraud. 

▪  We have read Board and Committee minutes of meetings, as well as regulatory announcements, 
as  part  of  our  risk  assessment  process  to  identify  events  or  conditions  that  could  indicate  an 
incentive or pressure to commit fraud or provide an opportunity to commit fraud. As part of this 
process, we have considered whether remuneration incentive schemes or performance targets 
exist for the Directors. 

▪ 

In  addition  to  the  risk  of  management  override  of  controls,  we  have  considered  the  fraud  risk 
related to any unusual transactions or unexpected relationships, including assessing the risk of 
undisclosed related party transactions. Our procedures to address this risk included testing a risk-
based selection of journal transactions, both at the year end and throughout the year. 

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that some material misstatements 
of the Financial Statements may not be detected, even though the audit is properly planned and performed 
in accordance with the ISAs (UK). The potential effects of inherent limitations are particularly significant 
in the case of misstatement, resulting from fraud because fraud may involve sophisticated and carefully 
organised schemes, designed to conceal it, including deliberate failure to record transactions, collusion 
or intentional misrepresentations being made to us. 

A  further  description  of  our  responsibilities  for  the  audit  of  the  Financial  Statements  is  located  on  the 
Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms 
part of our Auditor’s Report. 

Other Matters which We are Required to Address 
We were appointed by the Board on 18 April 2016 to audit the Financial Statements for the year ended 
31 December 2016. Our total uninterrupted period of engagement is six years, covering the period ended 
31 December 2016 to 31 December 2021. 

The non-audit services prohibited by the FRC’s Ethical Standard were not provided to the Company and 
we remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in conducting our audit. 

Our audit opinion is consistent with the additional report to the Audit Committee. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Curzon Energy Plc continued

Use of Our Report 
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 
16  of  the  Companies  Act  2006.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other 
purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other 
than the Company and the Company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the 
opinions we have formed. 

Steve Gale 
Senior Statutory Auditor 
For and on behalf of 
Crowe U.K. LLP 
Statutory Auditor 
London 

28 April 2022 

21 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
for the year ended 31 December 2021 

Notes 

6 

7 

12 

4 

8 

Administrative expenses 

Loss from operations 

Finance expense, net 

Provision for reclamation obligation 

Loss before taxation 

Income tax expense 

Loss for the year attributable to 

equity holders of the parent company 

Other comprehensive loss 

Gain/(loss) on translation of parent net assets and 
results from functional currency into presentation 
currency 

Total comprehensive loss for the year 

     Annual Report 2021 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

(569,865) 

(528,799) 

(569,865) 

(528,799) 

(165,598) 

(88,775) 

(125,000) 

- 

(860,463) 

(617,574) 

- 

- 

(860,463) 

(617,574)   

39,119 

(82,297) 

(821,344)  

(699,871) 

Loss per share - Basic and diluted, US$ 

9 

(0.009) 

(0.008) 

The notes on pages 27 to 60 form part of these Financial Statements 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Position 
as at 31 December 2021 

Assets 

Non-current assets 

Intangible assets 

Restricted cash 

Total non-current assets 

Current assets 

Prepayments and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share-based payments reserve 

Warrants reserve 

Merger reserve 

Foreign currency translation reserve 

Accumulated losses* 

Total capital and reserves 

Total equity and liabilities 

Notes 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

10 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

- 

-

-

44,058 

138,142 

182,200 

182,200 

- 

125,000 

125,000 

41,699 

47,188 

88,887 

213,887 

774,591 

737,835 

1,935,919 

1,183,018 

2,710,510 

1,920,853 

2,710,510 

1,920,853 

17 

1,105,547 

1,105,547 

3,619,332 

3,619,332 

474,792 

375,198 

474,792 

375,198 

31,212,041 

31,212,041 

(146,554) 

(185,673) 

(39,168,666) 

(38,308,203) 

(2,528,310) 

(1,706,966) 

182,200 

213,887 

The Financial Statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 28 April 2022 and 
were signed on its behalf by:  

John McGoldrick 
Director  

The notes on pages 27 to 60 form part of these Financial Statements. 

23 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity 

Share  
capital 

Share  
premium 

Other 
reserves 

Accumulated 
losses 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Total 

US$ 

Equity at 1 January 2020  

1,103,457 

3,586,947 

31,796,707  

(37,690,629)  

(1,203,518)  

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Issue of shares 

Share issue costs 

Issue of warrants 

Total transactions with 
shareholders 

Equity at 31 December 2020 

Loss for the year 

Other comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Issue of shares 

Share issue costs 

Issue of warrants 

Total transactions with 
shareholders 

Equity at 31 December 2021 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(617,574)  

(617,574)  

(82,297) 

- 

(82,297) 

(82,297) 

(617,574)  

(699,871)  

2,090 

206,871 

(12,538) 

- 

- 

(161,948) 

161,948 

- 

- 

2,090 

32,385 

161,948 

- 

- 

- 

- 

208,961 

(12,538) 

-  

196,423 

1,105,547 

3,619,332 

31,876,358 

(38,308,203)  

(1,706,966)  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(860,463)  

(860,463)  

39,199 

- 

39,199 

39,199 

(860,463)  

(821,344)  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,105,547 

3,619,332 

31,915,557 

(39,168,666)  

(2,528,310)  

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Other Reserves 

     Annual Report 2021 

Merger 
reserve 

Share-based 
payments 
reserve 

Warrants 
reserve 

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
reserve 

Total other 
reserves 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

US$ 

Other reserves at 1 January 
2020 

Other comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Issue of warrants 

Other reserves at 31 December 
2020 

Other comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Total comprehensive loss for 
the year 

Issue of warrants 

Other reserves at 31 December 
2021 

31,212,041 

474,792 

213,250 

(103,376)  

31,796,707  

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(82,297) 

(82,297) 

(82,297) 

(82,297) 

161,948 

- 

161,948 

31,212,041 

474,792 

375,198 

(185,673) 

31,876,358 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

39,119 

39,119 

39,119 

39,119 

- 

- 

31,212,041 

474,792 

375,198 

(146,554) 

31,915,477 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 

Cash flow from operating activities 

Loss before taxation 

Adjustments for: 

Finance expenses 

Provision for reclamation obligations 

Unrealised foreign exchange movements 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

(860,463) 

(617,574) 

7 

12 

7 

159,087 

111,881 

125,000 

- 

6,511 

(23,106) 

Operating cashflows before working capital changes 

(569,865) 

(528,799) 

Changes in working capital: 

Increase in payables 

(Increase)/decrease in receivables 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Financing activities 

Issue of ordinary shares, net of share issue costs 

Proceeds from new borrowings 

Net cash flow from financing activities 

Net increase /(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents in the period 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period  

17 

16 

46,220 

26,464  

(2,359) 

(10,496) 

(526,004) 

(512,831) 

-

196,423 

619,886 

331,760

619,886 

528,183

93,882 

47,188 

15,352 

28,709 

Restricted cash held on deposits 

12 

125,000 

125,000 

Total cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period, 
including restricted cash 

172,188 

153,709 

Effect of the translation of cash balances into presentation currency 

(2,927) 

3,127 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 

138,142 

47,188 

Restricted cash held on deposits 

12 

125,000 

125,000 

Total cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period, including 
restricted cash 

263,142 

172,188 

The notes on pages 27 to 60 form part of these Financial Statements. 

26 

Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information 

1. General Information

The  Company  is  incorporated  and  registered  in  England  and Wales  as  a  public  limited  company. The 
Company’s registered number is 09976843 and its registered office is at Kemp House, 152 City Road, 
London EC1V 2NX. On 4 October 2017, the Company’s shares were admitted to the Official List (by way 
of Standard Listing) and to trading on the London Stock Exchange’s Main Market. 

With  effect  from  admission,  the  Company  has  been  subject  to  the  Listing  Rules  and  the  Disclosure 
Guidance and Transparency Rules (and the resulting jurisdiction of the UK Listing Authority) to the extent 
such rules apply to companies with a Standard Listing pursuant to Chapter 14 of the Listing Rules.   

The principal activity of the Company is that of an investment company, currently focused on acquiring a 
new business in the environmental, social and corporate governance space (ESG).   

The  individual  Financial  Statements  of  the  Company  (“Company  Financial  Statements”)  have  been 
prepared  in  accordance  with  the  Companies  Act  2006,  which  permits  a  Company  that  publishes  its 
Company and Group Financial Statements together, to take advantage of the exemption in Section 408 
of the Companies Act 2006, from presenting to its members its Company Income Statement and related 
notes that form part of the approved Company Financial Statements. 

2. Accounting Policies

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The Group Financial Statements are presented in US Dollars as historically the entirety of the Company’s 
operations have been located in the United States. 

Basis of Preparation 
The Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting 
Standards (“IFRS”) and the requirements of the Companies Act applicable to companies reporting under 
IFRS. 

The Financial Statements are prepared on a going concern basis and under the historical cost convention. 

a) New standards, interpretations and amendments effective from 1 January 2021

There were no new standards or interpretations effective for the first time for periods beginning
on  or  after  1  January  2021  that  had  a  significant  effect  on  the  Curzon  Group’s  Financial
Statements.

b) New standards, interpretations and amendments not yet effective

At the date of authorisation of these Financial Statements, a number of amendments to existing
standards and interpretations, which have not been applied in these Financial Statements, were
in issue but not yet effective for the year presented. The Directors do not expect that the adoption
of these standards will have a material impact on the financial information of the Group in future
periods.

Basis of Consolidation 
The Company  was incorporated  on  29 of January  2016. On 4 of October  2017, it  acquired Coos  Bay 
Energy LLC. At the time of its acquisition by the Company, Coos Bay Energy LLC consisted of Coos Bay 
Energy LLC and its wholly owned US Group. It is the Directors’ opinion that the Company at the date of 
acquisition of Coos Bay Energy LLC did not meet the definition of a business as defined by IFRS 3 and 
therefore the acquisition was outside on the IFRS 3 scope.  

27 

Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued
2. Accounting Policies continued

Where  a  party  to  an  acquisition  fails  to  satisfy  the  definition  of  a  business,  as  defined  by  IFRS  3, 
management have decided to adopt a “merger accounting” method of consolidation as the most relevant 
method to be used. 

Going Concern 
The Group Financial Statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the 
Group  will  continue  to  be  able  to  meet  its  liabilities  as  they  fall  due  for  the  foreseeable  future.  The 
operations  of  the  Company  are  currently  being  financed  by  funds  lent  to  the  Company  by  Poseidon 
Plastics Ltd. (“PPL”). On 03 February 2021, the Company announced that it had signed a letter of intent 
with PPL to potentially acquire a 100% interest in their business, a developer of a proprietary chemical 
recycling  process  for  PPL  plastics.  In  exchange  for  a  period  of  exclusivity  in  relation  to  this  potential 
reverse takeover transaction, PPL has agreed to loan the Company an initial amount of £500,000 in the 
form  of  a  one-year  loan  note,  extended  following  the  reporting  date  to  14  February  2023,  carrying  an 
annual interest rate of 10%.  PPL has agreed to lend up to a total of £745,000 in order to support the 
Company during the ongoing due diligence and potential reverse takeover process.  At this stage, there 
can be no assurance that this transaction will be completed. 

The Company further continues to rely on a US$1,000,000 credit facility provided from a company related 
to the largest shareholder that provides the Group up to US$500,000 minimum funding and an additional 
US$500,000 at the discretion of the lender.   

The Group believes that, based on the current low overhead expenditure, the proceeds from the loans 
being provided by PPL and the undrawn amount of US$800,000 remaining on the US$1,000,000 credit 
facility will be sufficient for the Group to operate for a period of 12 months from the date of the approval 
of these Financial Statements.   

The Group currently has no source of revenue and is reliant on loans to continue to meet its overhead 
expenditures.  The  Group  held  cash  balances  of  US$138,142  as  at  31  December  2021  and  has 
subsequently increased its borrowing capacity and current liquidity through the extension and expansion 
of the funding agreement with PPL. 

The Directors remain in discussions with the various creditors of the Company regarding the forbearance 
of amounts payable until the conclusion of the proposed RTO, with all creditors informally agreeing to 
defer payment of amounts due until the transaction has completed. 

The Directors note that the Group will need additional funding to continue operations for the foreseeable 
future  and  this  means  there  is  a  material  uncertainty  as  to  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern, however the Directors are confident  that the Group will be able to raise, as required, sufficient 
cash or reduce its commitments to enable it to continue its operations, and to continue to meet, as and 
when they fall due, its liabilities for at least the next 12 months from the date of approval of the Group 
Financial  Statements.  The  Group  Financial  Statements  have,  therefore,  been  prepared  on  the  going 
concern basis. 

Functional Currency 
Functional and Presentation Currency 
The  individual  financial  information  of  each  Group  entity  is  measured  in  the  currency  of  the  primary 
economic environment in which the entity operates (its functional currency). The Company’s functional 
currency is UK Pound Sterling (£). All other companies, belonging to the Curzon Group, have US Dollar 
as their functional currency. The Group Financial Statements are presented in US Dollars (US$). 

Transactions and Balances 
Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  converted  into  the  respective  functional  currencies  on  initial 
recognition,  using  the  exchange  rates  approximating  those  ruling  at  the  transaction  dates.  Monetary 
assets and liabilities at the end of the reporting period are translated at the rates ruling as of that date.  

28 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
2.   Accounting Policies continued 

Non-monetary  assets  and  liabilities  are  translated  using  exchange  rates  that  existed  when  the  values 
were determined. All exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss. 

On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s Pound Sterling operations are translated into 
the Group’s presentational currency (US Dollar) at exchange rates prevailing at the reporting date. Income 
and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period unless exchange rates 
have fluctuated significantly during the year, in which case the exchange rate at the date of the transaction 
is used. All exchange differences arising, if any, are recognised as other comprehensive income and are 
transferred to the Group’s foreign currency translation reserve. 

Rates applied in these Financial Statements: 

Closing US$/GBP rate at 31 December 

Average US$/GBP rate for the year 

2021 

1.3489 

1.3775 

2020 

1.3672 

1.2760 

Reclamation Costs 
Where a material liability for the removal of production facilities and site restoration at the end of the field 
life  exists,  a  provision  for  decommissioning  is  made.  The  amount  recognised  is  the  present  value  of 
estimated future expenditure determined in accordance with local conditions and requirements. An asset 
of an amount equivalent to the provision is also created and depreciated on a unit of production basis. 
Changes in estimates are recognised prospectively, with corresponding adjustments to the provision and 
the associated asset. At 31 December 2021, a provision has been recognised and set off against restricted 
cash as permitted by IAS 32.  At 31 December 2020, no provision were deemed necessary. 

Impairment 
Impairment of Financial Assets 
All financial assets are assessed at the end of each reporting period as to whether there is any objective 
evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events having an impact on the estimated future cash 
flows of the asset. For an equity instrument, a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value below its 
cost is considered to be objective evidence of impairment. 

An impairment loss in respect of financial assets carried at amortised cost is recognised in profit or loss 
and  is  measured  as  the  difference  between  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  and  the  present  value  of 
estimated future cash flows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. 

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related 
objectively  to  an  event  occurring  after  the  impairment  was  recognised,  the  previously  recognised 
impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss to the extent that the carrying amount of the financial 
asset at the date the impairment is reversed does not exceed what the amortised cost would have been 
had the impairment not been recognised. 

When  there  is  a  change  in  the  estimates  used  to  determine  the  recoverable  amount,  a  subsequent 
increase in the recoverable amount of an asset is treated as a reversal of the previous impairment loss 
and is recognised to the extent of the carrying amount of the asset that would have been determined (net 
of amortisation and depreciation) had no impairment loss been recognised. The reversal is recognised in 
profit or loss immediately, unless the asset is carried at its revalued amount, in which case the reversal 
of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
2.   Accounting Policies continued 

Financial Instruments 
Financial  instruments  are  recognised  in  the  Statements  of  Financial  Position,  when  the  Group  has 
become a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments. 

Financial Assets 
The  Group  classifies  its  financial  assets  as  financial  assets  carried  at  amortised  cost,  cash  and  cash 
equivalents and restricted  cash. Financial assets are  initially measured at fair  value  and subsequently 
carried at amortised cost. 

Financial assets are derecognised, when the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial 
assets have expired or have been transferred and the Group has transferred substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownership. On de-recognition of a financial asset in its entirety, the difference between 
the carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and any cumulative gain or loss that had 
been recognised in other comprehensive income is recognised in profit or loss. 

Amortised Cost  
These assets incorporate such types of financial assets, where the objective is to hold these assets in 
order to collect contractual cash flows and the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and 
interest. They are initially recognised at fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to 
their acquisition or issue and are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate 
method, less provision for impairment. Impairment provisions receivables are recognised based on the 
simplified approach within IFRS 9, using a provision matrix in the determination of the lifetime expected 
credit losses. During this process, the probability of the non-payment of the receivables is assessed. This 
probability is then multiplied by the amount of the expected loss, arising from default to determine the 
lifetime expected credit loss for the receivables. On confirmation that the receivable will not be collectable, 
the gross carrying value of the asset is written off against the associated provision.  

Impairment  provisions  for  receivables  from  related  parties  and  loans  to  related  parties  are  recognised 
based on a forward-looking expected credit loss model. The methodology, used to determine the amount 
of  the  provision,  is  based  on  whether  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  since  initial 
recognition  of the financial asset. For those  where the credit risk has not increased significantly since 
initial recognition of the financial asset, twelve month expected credit losses, along with gross interest 
income, are recognised. For those for which credit risk has increased significantly but not determined to 
be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with the gross interest income are recognised. 
For those that are determined to be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with interest 
income on a net basis are recognised.  

The Group's financial assets, measured at amortised cost, comprise other receivables and cash and cash 
equivalents in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 
Cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  cash  in  hand,  bank  balances,  bank  overdrafts,  deposits  with 
financial  institutions  and  short-term,  highly  liquid  investments  that  are  readily  convertible  to  known 
amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. 

Restricted Cash 
Restricted cash are funds held as a collateral, related to stand-by letters of credit related to the Group’s 
oil and gas properties. Such deposits are classified as non-current assets and are not classified as part 
of cash and cash equivalents as these deposits are not accessible by the Company for unrestricted use 
and are not accessible for more than 3 months. More details on the Group’s restricted cash are given in 
the note 12.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued
2. Accounting Policies continued

Financial Liabilities 
Financial liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the 
financial instrument. 

Financial  instruments  are  classified  as  liabilities  or  equity  in  accordance  with  the  substance  of  the 
contractual arrangement. Interest, dividends, gains and losses, relating to a financial instrument classified 
as  a  liability,  are  reported  as  an  expense  or  income.  Distributions  to  holders  of  financial  instruments 
classified as equity are charged directly to equity.  

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value less financial costs and subsequently measured 
at amortised cost, using the effective interest method other than those categorised as fair value through 
the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

A  financial  liability  is  derecognised  when  the  obligation  under  the  liability  is  discharged,  cancelled  or 
expires. When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same party on substantially 
different  terms,  or  the  terms  of  an  existing  liability  are  substantially  modified,  such  an  exchange  or 
modification is treated as a de-recognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability and 
the difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognised in the Income Statement. 

Financial liabilities include the following items: 

▪ Bank  borrowings  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  net  of  any  transaction  costs  directly
attributable  to  the  issue  of  the  instrument.  Such  interest-bearing  liabilities  are  subsequently
measured  at  amortised  cost,  using  the  effective  interest  rate  method,  which  ensures  that  any
interest expense over the period to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of the liability
carried  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position.  For  the  purposes  of  each  financial
liability,  interest  expense  includes  initial  transaction  costs  and  any  premium  payable  on
redemption as well as any interest or coupon, payable while the liability is outstanding;

▪ Liability components of convertible loan notes are measured as described further below;

▪ Trade  payables  and  other  short-term  monetary  liabilities,  which  are  initially  recognised  at  fair

value and subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest method.

Convertible Debt 
The proceeds, received on issue of the Group's convertible debt, are allocated into their liability and equity 
components. The amount, initially attributed to the debt component, equals the discounted cash flows, 
using a market rate of interest that would be payable on a similar debt instrument that does not include 
an option to convert. Subsequently, the debt component is accounted for as a financial liability, measured 
at amortised cost until extinguished on conversion or maturity of the bond. The remainder of the proceeds 
is  allocated  to  the  conversion  option  and  is  recognised  as  a  separate  equity  component  within 
shareholders' equity, net of income tax effects.  

Equity instruments 
Ordinary Shares 

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs, directly attributable to the issue of new shares, 
are shown in Share Premium account as a deduction, net of tax, from proceeds. Dividends on ordinary 
shares are recognised as liabilities, when approved for distribution. 

31 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
2.   Accounting Policies continued 

Warrants 

Warrants  classified  as  equity  are  recorded  at  fair  value  as  of  the  date  of  issuance  on  the  Company’s 
Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Position  and  no  further  adjustments  to  their  valuation  are  made. 
Management estimates the fair value  of these liabilities, using  option  pricing models and assumptions 
that are based on the individual characteristics of the warrants or instruments on the valuation date as 
well  as  assumptions  for  future  financings,  expected  volatility,  expected  life,  yield  and  risk-free  interest 
rate. 

Taxation 
Income tax for each reporting period comprises current and deferred tax. 

Current tax is the expected amount of income taxes, payable in respect of the taxable profit for the year 
and is measured, using the tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the end of the 
reporting period. 

Deferred tax is provided in full, using the liability method, on temporary differences, arising between the 
tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the Group Financial Statements. 

Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognised  for  all  deductible  temporary  differences,  unused  tax  losses  and 
unused tax credits to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which 
the  deductible  temporary  differences,  unused  tax  losses  and  unused  tax  credits  can  be  utilised.  The 
carrying amounts of deferred tax assets are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to 
the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient future taxable profits will be available to allow all or 
part of the deferred tax assets to be utilised. 

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences other than those that arise from 
goodwill  or  excess  of  the  Group’s  interest  in  the  net  fair  value  of  the  acquired  Company’s  identifiable 
assets,  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities  over  the  business  combination  costs  or  from  the  initial 
recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction, which is not a business combination and at the time of 
the transaction, affects neither accounting profit nor taxable profit. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period, 
when  the asset  is realised  or the  liability is settled,  based on the tax rates that have been  enacted or 
substantively enacted at the end of the reporting period. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax 
assets  against  current  tax  liabilities  and  when  the  deferred  income  taxes  relate  to  the  same  taxation 
authority. 

Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent 
that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow deferred tax assets to be recovered. 

Deferred  tax,  relating  to  items  recognised  outside  profit  or  loss,  is  recognised  outside  profit  or  loss. 
Deferred  tax  items  are  recognised  in  correlation  to  the  underlying  transactions  either  in  other 
comprehensive income or directly in equity. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised, where the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the 
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position differs from its tax base, except for differences, arising on 
the initial recognition of goodwill, the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction, which is not 
a business combination and at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting or taxable profit, and 
investments in subsidiaries and joint arrangements, where the Group is able to control the timing of the 
reversal of the difference and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.  

32 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
2.   Accounting Policies continued 

Leases 
The Group previously held leases to approximately 45,370 acres of prospective coalbed methane lands 
in the Coos Bay Basin during the period. These leases are outside of IFRS16 scope as they fall within 
the scope of IFRS 6. The annual rental payments, under these operating leases, were recognised in prior 
years as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 

Employee Benefits 
Short-Term Benefits 
Wages, salaries, paid annual leave and sick leave, bonuses and non-monetary benefits are accrued in 
the period in which the associated services are rendered by employees of the Group. 

Post-Employment Benefits 
The Group does not currently make provision for post-employment benefits by way of pension plans or 
similar arrangements. 

Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets 
Provisions are recognised, when the Group has a present or constructive obligation as a result of past 
events, when it is probable that an outflow of resources, embodying economic benefits, will be required 
to settle the obligation and when a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. Provisions are reviewed 
at the end of each financial reporting period and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate. Where the 
effect  of  the  time  value  of  money  is  material,  the  provision  is  the  present  value  of  the  estimated 
expenditure required to settle the obligation. 

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will only 
be confirmed by the occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the 
Group. It can also be a present obligation arising from past events that is not recognised because it is not 
probable that an outflow of economic resources will be required or the amount of obligation cannot be 
measured reliably. 

A contingent liability is not recognised but is disclosed in the notes to the Financial Statements. When a 
change in the probability of an outflow occurs so that the outflow is probable, it will then be recognised as 
a provision. 

A contingent asset is a probable asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain events not wholly within the control 
of the Group. The Group does not recognise contingent assets but discloses its existence, where inflows 
of economic benefits are probable, but not virtually certain. 

Share-Based Payment Arrangements 
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees and others, providing similar services, are measured 
at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. Details regarding the determination of the fair 
value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in note 18 to the Group Financial Statements. 

The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a 
straight-line basis over the vesting period, based on the Directors’ estimate of equity instruments that will 
eventually  vest,  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  equity.  Where  the  conditions  are  non-vesting,  the 
expense  and  equity  reserve,  arising  from  share-based  payment  transactions  is  recognised  in  full 
immediately on grant. 

At the end of each reporting period, the Directors revise their estimate of the number of equity instruments 
expected to vest. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in profit or loss 
such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised estimate, with a corresponding adjustment to other 
reserves. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
2.   Accounting Policies continued 

Operating Segments 
An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may 
earn revenues and incur expenses. The results of an operating segment are reviewed regularly by the 
chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and 
assess its performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. 

Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates and Judgments 
The preparation of the Group Financial Statements, in conformity with IFRS, requires the use of certain 
critical accounting estimates. It also requires the Directors to exercise their judgment in the process of 
applying the accounting policies, which are detailed above. These judgments are continually evaluated 
by the Directors and management and are based on historical experience and other factors, including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

The key estimates and underlying assumptions, concerning the future and other key sources of estimation 
uncertainty  at  the  reporting  date,  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material  adjustment  to  the 
carrying amounts  of assets and  liabilities  within  the next financial period,  are reviewed on  an ongoing 
basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if 
the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects 
both current and future periods. 

The prime areas, involving a higher degree of judgment or complexity, where assumptions and estimates 
are significant to the Financial Statements, are as follows: 

Going Concern 
The Group Financial Statements have been prepared on a going concern basis as the Directors have 
assessed  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future.  The 
operations are currently being financed by third party loans. See Going Concern section on page 28 for 
more details. 

The Group Financial Statements do not include the adjustments that would result if the Group were not 
to continue as a going concern.  

3.  Segmental Analysis 

IFRS 8 “Operating Segments” requires operating segments to be identified on the basis of internal reports 
about components of the Group that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (which 
takes the form of the Directors) as defined in IFRS 8 “Operating Segments”, in order to allocate resources 
to the segment and to assess its performance. 

The principal activity of the Company is that of an investment company, currently focused on acquiring a 
new business in the environmental, social and corporate governance space (ESG). At 31 December 2021 
and 31 December 2020, the Directors consider there is one reportable operating segment. Accordingly, 
an analysis of segment profit or loss, segment assets, segment liabilities and other material items has not 
been presented. 

The Group operates in one geographic area, being the USA. All intangible assets and operating assets 
and liabilities are located in the USA, excluding cash and cash equivalents, which are currently kept and 
managed from the UK head office. The management does not consider the UK to be a separate operating 
segment. The Group has not yet commenced production and therefore has no revenue. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

4.

Loss for the Year Before Taxation

Loss before tax is stated after charging / (crediting): 

Auditor’s remuneration: 

-

fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the
consolidated and Company financial statements

Foreign currency translation (gain) 

5. Directors and Staff

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

34,438 

31,900 

6,511 

(23,106) 

There were no staff employed by the Group during the years ended 31 December 2021 and 31 December 
2020, except for one Director, Mr. Scott Kaintz, who was employed by the Company from 27 June 2018. 

Remuneration of Key Management Personnel 
The following table sets forth the compensation awarded, paid to or earned by each Director during 2020: 

2021 

Directors’ 
fees 
US$ 

Social 
security 
costs 
US$ 

Total cash-
compensation 
 US$ 

Share-based 
payments 
(options) 
US$ 

Total 
compensation 
US$ 

John McGoldrick 

68,876 

-

68,876 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Total Directors’ 
compensation

151,528 

13,219 

164,747 

34,438 

-

34,438 

254,842 

13,219 

268,061 

-

-

-

-

68,876 

164,747 

34,438 

268,061 

2020 

Directors’ 
fees 
US$ 

Social  
security  
costs 
US$ 

Total cash-
compensation 
 US$ 

Share-based 
payments 
(options) 
US$ 

Total 
compensation 
 US$ 

John McGoldrick 

63,800 

-

63,800 

Scott Kaintz 

Owen May 

Total Directors’ 
compensation

148,335 

20,995 

169,330 

29,242 

-

29,242 

241,377 

20,995 

262,372 

-

-

-

-

63,800

169,330

29,242

262,372

John McGoldrick has, through agreement with the Company, agreed to defer payment of his 2017, 2018, 
2019, 2020 and 2021 Director’s compensation until the completion of the RTO, which at 31 December 
2021 totaled US$273,160 and has been recognised in other payables at the reporting date.  

35 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
5.  Directors and Staff continued 

Owen May has, through agreement with the Company, agreed to defer payment of his 2018, 2019, 2020 
and 2021 Director’s compensation until the completion of the RTO, which at 31 December 2021 totaled 
US$98,360 and has been recognised in other payables at the reporting date.  

As at 31 December 2021, Scott Kaintz was owed US$67,400 in unpaid salary (31 December 2020: 
US$68,400). 

6.  Administrative Expenses 

Staff costs 

Directors’ salaries 

Employers NI 

Consultants 

Professional services 

Accounting, audit & taxation 

Legal 

Marketing 

Other 

Regulatory compliance 

Standard Listing Regulatory Costs  

Travel 

Business development 

Office and Admin 

General 

IT costs 

Mineral rights lease (outside of IFRS 16 scope) 

Temporary storage and office rent  

Insurance 

Total administrative costs 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

254,842 

241,376 

13,219 

22,729 

15,891 

42,445 

90,527 

74,752 

- 

- 

14,447  

12,235  

440 

63,298 

48,351 

- 

- 

11,716 

- 

93,484 

- 

492 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,622 

11,349 

7,199 

19,140  

43,097 

16,013 

569,865 

 528,799   

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

7.  Finance Expense (Net) 

Foreign exchange loss/(gain) 

Interest expense on promissory notes and other short-term loans 

Total finance expense 

8.  Taxation 

2021 

US$ 

6,511 

159,087 

165,598 

2020 

US$ 

(23,106) 

111,881 

88,775 

The  Group  has  made  no  provision  for  taxation  as  it  has  not  yet  generated  any  taxable  income.  A 
reconciliation of income tax expense, applicable to the loss before taxation at the statutory tax rate to the 
income tax expense at the effective tax rate of the Group, is as follows: 

Loss before tax 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

(860,463)  

(617,574) 

UK corporation tax credit at 19.00% (2019: 19.00%) 

(163,488)  

(117,339)  

Effect of non-deductible expense 

Differences in overseas tax rates 

Effect of tax benefit of losses carried forward 

Current tax (credit) 

- 

(2,916) 

10,559 

(1,287) 

166,404  

108,067  

- 

- 

As at 31 December 2021, the tax effects of temporary timing differences, giving rise to deferred tax assets, 
was US$1,583,815 (2020: US$1,417,411). 

A deferred tax asset in respect of these losses and temporary differences has not been established as 
the Group has not yet generated any revenues and the Directors have, therefore, assessed the likelihood 
of future profits being available to offset such deferred tax assets to be uncertain. 

9.  Loss Per Share 

The basic loss per share is derived by dividing the loss for the year, attributable to ordinary shareholders 
of the Company by the weighted average number of shares in issue. 

Diluted loss per share is derived by dividing the loss for the year, attributable to ordinary shareholders of 
the Company by the weighted average number of shares in issue plus the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares that would be issued on conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary 
shares. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
9.

Loss Per Share continued

The following reflects the loss and share data, used in the basic and diluted loss per share computations: 

(Loss) after tax attributable to the shareholders of the parent (US$) 

(860,463)  

(617,574) 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares of £0.01 in issue used 
calculation of in basic and diluted EPS 

99,639,565 

92,632,948 

(Loss) per share - basic and fully diluted (US$) 

(0.009) 

(0.008) 

2021 

2020 

At 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020, the effect of all potential ordinary shares and contingently 
issuable  shares,  that  are  presented  in  the  table  below,  was  anti-dilutive  as  it  would  lead  to  a  further 
reduction of loss per share, therefore, these instruments were not included in the diluted loss per share 
calculation.  

Share options granted to employees - fully vested at the end of the 
respective period 

Warrants given to shareholders as a part of placing equity instruments 

-

fully vested at the end of the respective period

Total instruments fully vested 

Total number of instruments and potentially issuable instruments 
(vested and not vested) not included into the fully diluted EPS 
calculation 

2021 

2020 

Number 

Number 

280,854  

280,854  

18,606,594 

20,612,925 

18,887,448 

20,893,779 

18,887,448 

20,893,779 

38 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

10.  Intangible Assets 

Exploration and evaluation expenditure 

Cost: 

At the beginning of the year 

Additions – exploration costs capitalised 

At the end of the year 

Impairment provision: 

At the beginning of the year 

Provision for the year 

At end of the year 

Net Book Value 

Environmental Matters 

     Annual Report 2021 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

24,716,316 

24,716,316 

- 

- 

24,716,316 

24,716,316 

(24,716,316)  

(24,716,316)  

- 

- 

(24,716,316)  

(24,716,316)  

- 

- 

The Group has established procedures for a continuing evaluation of its operations to identify potential 
environmental  exposures  and  to  assure  compliance  with  regulatory  policies  and  procedures.  The 
Directors monitor these laws and regulations and periodically assesses the propriety of its operational 
and  accounting  policies  related  to  environmental  issues.  The  nature  of  the  Group’s  business  requires 
routine  day-to-day  compliance  with  environmental  laws  and  regulations.  The  Group  has  incurred  no 
material  environmental  investigation,  compliance  or  remediation  costs  for  each of  the  years  ended  31 
December 2021 and 31 December 2020. The Directors are unable to predict whether the Group’s future 
operations  will  be  materially  affected  by  these  laws  and  regulations.  It  is  believed  that  legislation  and 
regulations, relating to environmental protection will not materially affect the results of operations of the 
Group. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

11.  Subsidiary Undertakings 

The Group has the following subsidiary undertakings: 

Name 

Country of 
incorporation 

Issued  
capital 

Proportion held  
by Group 

Activity 

Coos Bay Energy LLC 

Westport Energy 
Acquisitions INC 

Westport Energy LLC 

Curzon Energy INC* 

Rigel Energy LLC** 

USA 

USA 

USA 

USA 

USA 

Membership 
interests 

100% 

Holding company 

Shares 

100% 

Holding company 

Membership 
interests 

100% 

Oil and gas exploration 

Shares 

100% 

Holding company 

Membership 
interests 

100% 

Holding company 

* Incorporated on 1 May 2019 and dissolved on 26 February 2020 as related transaction did not complete. 
** Incorporated on 1 May 2019 and dissolved on 27 February 2020 as related transaction did not complete. 

Coos  Bay  Energy  LLC  is  a  limited  liability  corporation  incorporated  in  Nevada,  USA  whose  registered 
office is 1370 Crowley Avenue SE, Portland, Oregon 97302, USA. 

Westport Energy Acquisition INC was incorporated in May 2010 in Delaware, USA. Its registered office is 
located at 100 Overlook Center, 2nd Floor, Princeton Junction, NJ 08540, USA. 

Westport  Energy  LLC  was  incorporated  in  December  2008  in  Delaware,  USA.  Its  registered  office  is 
located at 100 Overlook Center, 2nd Floor, Princeton Junction, NJ 08540, USA. 

12.  Restricted Cash 

Restricted  cash  of  $125,000  comprises  funds  held  as  a  collateral  to  support  stand-by  letters  of  credit 
related to the Group’s oil and gas properties. The letters of credit secure the reclamation obligations under 
the leases and state law. The cash can be taken by Umpqua Bank in the event the letters of credit are 
drawn on by the State of Oregon, Department of Geology & Mineral Industries (DOGAMI). The cash is 
held in the form of a Certificate of Deposit. At the  year end, the Group has recognised a provision for 
reclamation  obligations,  equivalent  to  the  entire  restricted  cash  balance  in  recognition  of  the  fact  that 
recovery of these funds may only be possible, following completion of reclamation work on these oil and 
gas properties.  This provision has been offset against the restricted cash balance as permitted by IAS 
32.  

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

13.  Prepayments and Other Receivables 

VAT recoverable 

Other debtors 

Total prepayments and other receivables 

2021 

US$ 

8,404 

35,654 

44,058 

2020 

US$ 

3,106 

38,593 

41,699 

The fair value of receivables and deposits approximates their carrying amount as the impact of discounting 
is not significant. The receivables are not impaired and are not past due. 

14.  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

For  the  purpose  of  the  Statements  of  Financial  Position,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  the 
following: 

Cash in hand and at bank 

15.  Trade and Other Payables 

Trade and other payables 

Accruals 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

138,142 

47,188 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

734,146 

674,527 

33,724 

46,350 

Total financial liabilities, excluding loans and borrowings, classified as 
financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 

767,870 

720,877 

Other payables - tax and social security payments 

Total trade and other payables 

6,721 

16,958 

774,591 

737,835 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

16. Borrowings

Details of the notes and borrowings, originated by the Group, are disclosed in the table below: 

Origination 
date 

Contractual 
settlement 
date 

Original 
note value 
in original 
currency 

Annual 
interest 
rate 

Security 

Status at 31 
December 
2021 

Conversion/Re
payment at 

C4 Energy Ltd 

22 Sept 2017 

RTO date  US$200,000 

15%  unsecured 

Outstanding 

Bruce Edwards 

1 Sep 2017 

RTO date  US$100,000 

15%  unsecured 

Outstanding 

Conversion at 

HNW Investor Group 

1 July 2019 

Sun Seven Stars 
Investment Group 
("SSSIG") 

13 Mar 2020 

Conversion/ 
Repayment at 
RTO date 

Conversion/Re
payment at 
RTO date 

£263,265 

13% 

100% 
interest in 
Coos Bay 
LLC 

Outstanding 

£260,000 

10% 

unsecured 

Outstanding 

Poseidon Plastics Ltd 
(“PPL”) 

2 February 
2021 

14 February 
2023* 

£450,000 

10% 

unsecured 

Outstanding 

*Please refer to note 22 Post Balance Sheet Events for more information.

No interim payments are required under the promissory notes, as the payment terms require the original 
principal amount of each note and all accrued interest thereon, to be paid in a single lump payments on 
the respective contractual settlement dates. 

At 1 January  

Received during the year 

Interest accrued during the year 

Exchange rate differences 

2021 

US$ 

2020 

US$ 

1,183,018 

698,798 

619,886 

331,760 

158,564 

109,943 

(25,549) 

42,517 

Short-term loans and borrowings 31 December 

1,935,919 

1,183,018 

42 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
16.   Borrowings continued 

Reconciliation of Liabilities Arising from Financing Activities 

Cash flows 
proceeds from 
new 
borrowings 

Non-cash flow 
Forex 
movement 

31 Dec 2020 

Non-cash flow 
Interest accrued 

31 Dec 
2021 

395,060 

262,378 

147,350 

378,230 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(6,225) 

47,145 

435,950 

- 

- 

30,000 

292,378 

15,000 

162,350 

(5,795) 

35,816 

408,251 

- 

619,886 

(13,499) 

30,604 

636,991 

1,183,018 

619,886 

(25,519) 

158,565 

1,935,920 

HNW Investor Group 

C4 Energy Ltd  

Bruce Edwards 

Sun Seven Stars 
Investment Group 
("SSSIG")  

Poseidon Plastics Ltd 
(“PPL”) 

Total liabilities from 
financing activities 

Cash flows 
Proceeds 
from new 
borrowings 

Non-cash flow 
Forex 
movement 

31 Dec 2019 

Non-cash flow 
Interest accrued 

31 Dec 
2020 

HNW Investor Group 

334,070 

232,378  

132,350 

- 

- 

- 

17,286 

43,704 

395,060 

-  

 - 

30,000  

262,378  

15,000  

147,350 

- 

331,760 

25,231 

21,239 

378,230 

698,798 

331,760 

42,517 

109,943 

1,183,018  

C4 Energy Ltd  

Bruce Edwards 

Sun Seven Stars 
Investment Group 
("SSSIG") 

Total liabilities from 
financing activities 

17.  Share Capital 

Authorised Share Capital  
As permitted by the Companies Act 2006, the Company does not have an authorised share capital. The 
Company has one class of ordinary shares, which carry no right to fixed income. The ordinary shares 
carry the right to one vote per share at General Meetings of the Company and the rights to share in any 
distribution of profits or returns of capital and to share in any residual assets available for distribution in 
the event of a winding up. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued
17. Share Capital continued

Issued Equity Share Capital 

Ordinary shares 

Deferred shares 

Share capital 

number

number 

 US$ 

At 1 January 2020

83,032,971

-

1,103,457 

Share subdivision on 6 May 2020 – details of 

subdivision are presented in the table below

83,032,971

83,032,971 

1,103,457 

Issue of shares at £0.01 per share via placement on 

3 June 2020 for cash 

At 31 December 2020

16,606,594 

-

2,090

99,639,565

83,032,971 

1,105,547 

At 31 December 2021 

99,639,565 

83,032,971 

1,105,547 

Number 
ordinary 
shares of 
£0.0001 

Number 
deferred 
shares of 
£0.0099 

Number 
ordinary 
shares of 
£0.01 before 
subdivision 

Share 
capital 
US$ 

Share 
capital 
US$ 

- 

- 

- 

83,032,972 

1,103,457 

Issued and fully paid 

Existing Ordinary Shares of £0.01 
each immediately before subdivision 

After subdivision*: 

New Ordinary Shares of £0.0001 each 

83,032,972 

-

11,035

Deferred Shares of £0.0099 each 

-

83,032,972

1,092,422 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Total Share Capital 

1,103,457 

1,103,457 

*On  6  May  2020,  the  Company’s  shareholders  approved  the  subdivision  and  re-designation  of  the
83,032,971  existing  ordinary  shares  ("Existing  Ordinary  Shares")  of  £0.01  each  in  the  capital  of  the
Company  into  (i)  83,032,971  new  ordinary  shares  ("New  Ordinary  Shares")  of  £0.0001  each  and  (ii)
83,032,971 deferred shares ("Deferred Shares") of £0.0099 each in the capital of the Company, and to
amend the Company's Articles of Association accordingly.

Each  New  Ordinary  Share  carries  the  same  rights  in  all  respects  under  the  amended  Articles  of 
Association as each Existing Ordinary Share did under the existing Articles of Association, including the 
rights in respect of voting and the entitlement to receive dividends. Each Deferred Share carries no rights 
and is deemed effectively valueless. 

44 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 

18.  Share Based Payments 

Employee Share Options 
At 31 December 2021, the Company had outstanding options to subscribe for ordinary shares as follows: 

Option exercise price 

Number of 
options 
granted 

Vesting date 

Expiry date 

Fair value of 
individual  
option 

£0.10 

280,854  

4 Oct 2018 

4 Oct 2022 

£0.074 

Total options outstanding at 
31 December 2021 

280,854    

2021 

2020 

Weighted 
average 
exercise  
price  
£  

Number of 
options  

Number of 
options 

Outstanding at the beginning of the period 

280,854   

0.10 

280,854   

Outstanding at the end of the period 

280,854   

0.10 

280,854   

Vested and exercisable at the end of the period 

280,854   

0.10 

280,854   

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
£ 

0.10 

0.10 

0.10 

During the financial year, no options (2020: none) were granted. The weighted average fair value of each 
option, granted during the year, was £nil (2020: nil). 

The exercise price of options, outstanding on 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020, is £0.1 Their 
weighted average remaining contractual life was 0.75 years (2020: 1.45 years). 

No options were exercised during the reporting year (2020: nil). 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
18.   Share Based Payments continued 

Warrants 
On 31 December 2021, the following warrants were in issue:  

Warrant exercise price 

Number of 
warrants granted 

Expiry date 

Fair value of individual 
warrant 

£0.011 

£0.015 

1,000,000 

1 Oct 2022 

17,606,594 

9 June 2022 

£0.0056 

£0.00731 

Total warrants in issue at 31 
December 2021 

18,606,594   

2021 
Number of 
warrants 

2020 
Number of 
warrants  

Outstanding at the beginning of the period 

20,612,925 

5,636,531 

Granted during the period 

Lapsed during the period 

Exercised during the period 

- 

17,606,594 

(2,006,331) 

(2,630,200) 

- 

- 

Outstanding at the end of the period 

18,606,594 

20,612,925 

Vested and exercisable at the end of the period 

18,606,594 

20,612,925 

The exercise price of warrants, outstanding on 31 December 2021, ranged between £0.011 and £0.015 
(2020: ranged between £0.0158 and £0.1). Their weighted average remaining contractual life was 0.45 
years (2020: 1.24 years). 

The weighted average share price (at the date of exercise) of warrants, exercised during the year, was 
nil (2020: nil) as no warrants were exercised. 

The following information is relevant in the determination of the fair value of the warrants, granted during 
the year ended 31 December 2020: 

Warrant pricing model used  

Weighted average share price at grant date, £ 

Warrant exercise price, £ 

Weighted average contractual life, years 

Expected volatility, % 

Expected dividend growth rate, % 

Risk-free interest rate (2-year bond), % 

FV of 1 warrant, £ 

Granted on 3 June 2020 

Black-Scholes 

0.013 

0.015 

2 

117 

0 

0.006 

0.00731 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
18.   Share Based Payments continued 

Calculation of volatility involves significant judgement by the Directors due to the absence of the historical 
trading data for the Company at the date of the grant. Volatility number above was estimated based on 
the range of 5-year month end volatilities of 10 similar sized listed companies, operating in the Oil and 
Gas sector.  

The aggregate fair value, related to the share warrants granted to shareholders, acting in the capacity of 
shareholders during the year ended 31 December 2020, has been allocated to share premium as directly 
attributable share issue cost in the amount of US$161,948. 

19.  Reserves 

Share Premium 
The share premium account represents the excess of consideration, received for shares, issued above 
their nominal value net of transaction costs. 

Foreign Currency Translation Reserve 
The translation reserve represents the exchange gains and losses that have arisen from the retranslation 
of operations with a functional currency, which differs to the presentation currency. 

Retained Earnings 
Retained earnings represent the cumulative profit and loss net of distributions to owners. 

Warrants Reserve 
The  warrants  reserve  represents  the  cumulative  fair  value  of  the  warrants,  granted  to  the  investors 
together with placement shares. 

Share-Based Payment Reserve 
The share-based payment reserve represents the cumulative charge for options granted. 

Merger Reserve 
The merger reserve represents the cumulative share capital and membership capital contributions of all 
the  companies,  included  into  the  legal  acquire  sub-group  less  cost  of  investments  into  these  legal 
acquirees. 

20.  Financial Instruments – Risk Management  

General Objectives, Policies and Processes 
The overall objective of the Directors is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without 
unduly affecting the Group’s competitiveness and flexibility. Further details regarding these policies are 
set out below. 

The  Directors  review  the  Group’s  monthly  reports  through  which  they  assess  the  effectiveness  of  the 
processes put in place and the appropriateness of the objectives and policies it sets. 

Categories of Financial Assets and Liabilities 
The Group’s activities are exposed to a variety of market risk (including currency risk) and liquidity risk. 
The Group’s overall financial risk management policy focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets 
and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on its financial performance. 

The principal financial instruments, used by the Group, from which financial instrument risk arises, are as 
follows: 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued
20. Financial Instruments – Risk Management continued

▪ other receivables;

▪

▪

cash and cash equivalents;

trade and other payables; and

▪ borrowings.

The  carrying  value  of  financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities,  maturing  within  the  next  12  months, 
approximates their fair value due to the relatively short-term maturity of the financial instruments. 

The Group had no financial assets or liabilities, carried at fair values at the end of each reporting date. 

A summary of the financial instruments, held by category, is provided below: 

Financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Other receivables 

Restricted cash* 

Financial liabilities 

Trade payables 

Accruals 

Short-term borrowings 

2021 

US$ 

2020  

US$ 

138,142 

47,188 

- 

- 

125,000 

125,000 

292,592 

481,999 

349,117 

388,718 

1,935,919 

1,183,018 

*Note that the restricted cash balance has been impaired to nil in the current year, see note 12 for further details.

Credit Risk 
The Group’s exposure to credit risk, or the risk of counterparties defaulting, arises mainly from notes and 
other  receivables.  The  Directors  manage  the  Group’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  by  the  application  of 
monitoring  procedures  on  an  ongoing  basis.  For  other  financial  assets  (including  cash  and  bank 
balances), the Directors minimise credit risk by dealing exclusively with high credit rating counterparties. 

Credit Risk Concentration Profile 
The Group’s receivables do not have significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any 
group of counterparties having similar characteristics. The Directors define major credit risk as exposure 
to a concentration exceeding 10% of a total class of such asset. 

The Company maintains its cash reserves in Barclays Bank UK PLC, which maintains the following credit 
ratings:  

48 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
20.   Financial Instruments – Risk Management continued 

Credit Agency 

Standard and Poor’s  Moody’s 

Fitch 

R&I 

Long Term 

A/Stable 

A1/Stable 

A+/Negative 

A+/Stable 

Short Term 

A-1 

Unsupported  Group  Credit  /Baseline 

bbb+ 

Credit Assessment/Viability Rating 

P-1 

baa3 

F1 

a 

N/A 

N/A 

Exposure to Credit Risk 
The  Group  is  exposed  to  the  credit  risk  of  the  US  Specialty  Insurance  Company,  currently  holding  a 
US$125,000 bond on behalf of the Company’s Coos Bay Energy LLC subsidiary.  Note that this balance 
has been impaired to nil in the current year, see note 12 for further details. 

Market Risk - Interest Rate Risk 
Borrowings, issued at fixed rates, expose the Group to fair value interest rate risk. The Directors’ policy 
is to maintain a majority of the Group’s borrowings in fixed rate instruments. The Directors have analysed 
the Group’s interest rate exposure on a dynamic basis. This takes into consideration refinancing, renewal 
of existing positions and alternative financing. Based on these considerations, the Directors believe the 
Group’s exposure to cash flow and fair value interest rate risk is not significant. 

Market Risk - Currency Risk 
Currency risk is the risk that the value of financial instruments will fluctuate  due  to changes in foreign 
exchange rates. Currency risk arises, when future commercial transactions and recognised assets and 
liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the Company’s (Pound Sterling, £) or its subsidiaries’ 
functional  currency  (US$).  The  Group  is  exposed  to  foreign  exchange  risk,  arising  from  currency 
exposures primarily with respect to the UK Pound Sterling (£). The Directors monitor the exchange rate 
fluctuations on a continuous basis and act accordingly. The following sensitivity analysis shows the effects 
on loss before tax of 10% increase/decrease in the exchange rates of the US$ versus closing exchange 
rates of UK Pound Sterling as at 31 December 2021: 

Loss before tax 

+10% 

US$ 

-10% 

US$ 

Increase in loss by 
US$71,466 

Decrease in loss by 
US$71,466 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued 
20.   Financial Instruments – Risk Management continued 

Assets and liabilities by currency 
of denomination, all numbers are 
presented in US$ 

Financial assets 

2021 

2021 

2021 

2020 

2020 

2020 

US$ 

£ 
In US$ 

Total 
US$ 

US$ 

£ 
In US$ 

Total 
US$ 

Cash and cash equivalents 

8,931 

129,211 

138,142 

299 

46,889 

47,188 

Other receivables 

Restricted cash* 

Financial liabilities 

Trade payables 

Accruals 

- 

125,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

125,000 

125,000 

- 

- 

- 

125,000 

48,918 

243,674 

292,592 

54,805 

294,312 

349,117 

- 

481,999 

481,999 

- 

388,718 

388,718 

Short-term borrowings 

454,726 

1,481,193  1,935,919 

409,728 

773,290  1,183,018 

*Note that the restricted cash balance has been impaired to nil in the current year, see note 12 for further details. 

Liquidity Risk 
The Group currently holds cash balances to provide funding for normal trading activity. Trade and other 
payables and short-term borrowings are monitored as part of normal management routine and all amounts 
outstanding fall due in one year or less. Borrowings are conducted in both US$ and UK Pound Sterling 
and as such the Company monitors fluctuations that may impact both present and future liquidity levels.   

Capital Management 
The Group  defines capital  as the total equity of the Group. The Directors’  objectives,  when managing 
capital,  are  to  safeguard  its  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern  in  order  to  provide  returns  for 
shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce 
the cost of capital. 

To meet these objectives, the Directors review the budgets and projections on a regular basis to ensure 
there is sufficient capital to meet the needs of the Group through to profitability and positive cash flow. 

The capital structure of the Group consists of shareholders’ equity as set out in the consolidated statement 
of  changes  in  equity.  All  working  capital  requirements  are  financed  from  existing  cash  resources  and 
borrowings. 

Whilst the Group does not currently have distributable profits, it is part of the capital strategy to provide 
returns for shareholders and benefits for members in the future. 

Capital for further development of the Group’s activities will, where possible, be achieved by share issues 
or other finance as appropriate. 

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Directors may return capital to shareholders, issue 
new shares or sell assets to reduce debt. It also ensures that distributions to shareholders do not exceed 
working capital requirements. 

Fair Value Hierarchy 
All the financial assets and financial liabilities, recognised in the Group Financial Statements, are shown 
at the carrying value, which also approximates the fair values of those financial instruments. Therefore, 
no separate disclosure for fair value hierarchy is required. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

21. Related Party Transactions

Balances and transactions, between the Company and its subsidiaries: Coos Bay Energy LLC, Westport 
Energy Acquisition INC and Westport Energy LLC, are eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed 
in this note. Balances and transactions, between the Group and other related parties, are disclosed below. 

Promissory Notes 
On 13 February 2020, the Company announced that it had been informed by YA Global Investments LP 
(the “YA Global”) of the sale of its outstanding debt due to YA Global to C4 Energy Ltd, a UK incorporated 
private Company. The balance of the loan agreement, at that time was, US$200,000, with approximately 
US$32,000 of accrued interest. 

Remuneration of Directors 
The  remuneration  of  the  senior  Executive  Management  Committee  members,  who  are  the  key 
management personnel of the Group, is set out in aggregate for each of the categories, specified in IAS 
24 “Related Party Disclosures” in note 5. 

22. Events After the Reporting Period

Drawdown of Loan Facility 
Following the reporting date, the Company drew down on a further US$189,000 (£140,000) on its loan 
facility with Poseidon Enhanced Technologies Limited, bringing the total value of the principal of this loan 
facility drawn down to US$796,000 (£590,000). 

Exclusivity Extensions 
On 4 January 2022, 31 January 2022, 23 February 2022, 2 Match 2022, 31 March 2022 and 29 April 
2022, the Company announced a series of extensions to the exclusivity period, entered into with Poseidon 
Enhanced Technologies Limited, under the terms of the LOI, entered into between the parties, initially 
announced on 3 February 2021, with such period now expiring on 1 June 2022 and extendable up to 30 
September 2022. 

Loan Extension and Facility Increase 
On 23 February 2022, the Company announced that it had extended its outstanding loan with Poseidon 
Enhanced  Technologies  Limited  to  14  February  2023,  along  with  an  expansion  of  the  total  principal, 
available for drawdown from US$674,000 (£500,000) to US$1,005,000 (£745,000). 

51 

Curzon Energy Plc 

Company Statement of Financial Position 
as at 31 December 2021 

Assets 

Current assets 

Trade and other receivables 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 

Current liabilities 

Trade and other payables 

Borrowings 

Total liabilities 

Capital and reserves attributable to shareholders 

Share capital 

Share premium 

Share-based payments reserve 

Warrants reserve 

Merger relief reserve 

Accumulated losses 

Total capital and reserves 

Total equity and liabilities 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes 

2021 

2020 

£ 

£ 

28 

29 

30 

31 

32 

32 

32,662 

102,408 

135,070 

135,070 

30,500 

34,514 

65,014 

65,014 

537,959 

499,583 

1,435,141 

865,285 

1,973,100 

1,364,868 

831,990 

831,990 

2,718,932 

2,718,932 

355,269 

355,269 

289,481 

289,481 

2,800,000 

2,800,000 

(8,833,702)  

(8,295,526)  

(1,838,030) 

(1,299,854) 

135,070 

65,014 

Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 
As  permitted  by  Section  408  Companies Act  2006,  the  Company  has  not  presented  its  own  income 
statement  or  statement  of  comprehensive  income.  The  Company’s  loss  for  the  financial  year  was 
£538,176 (2020: £515,324). The Company’s total comprehensive loss for the financial year was £538,176 
(2020: £515,324). 

The Financial Statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 28 April 
2022 and are signed on its behalf by 

John McGoldrick  
Director 

The notes to the Company Statement of Financial Position form part of these Financial Statements.  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

     Annual Report 2021 

Share 
capital 
£ 

Share 
Premium 
£ 

Share-
based 
payments 
reserve 
£ 

Warrants 
reserve 
£ 

Merger 
relief 
reserve 
£ 

Accumulated 
loss 
£ 

Total 
£ 

Equity at 1 January 2020 

830,330 

2,693,194 

355,269 

160,777 

2,800,000 

(7,780,202)  

(940,632) 

Loss for the year 2020 

Total comprehensive loss 
for the year 2020 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Issue of shares 

1,661 

164,405 

- 

- 

(9,964) 

(128,704) 

1,661 

25,737 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

128,704 

128,704 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(515,324) 

(515,324) 

(515,324) 

(515,324) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

166,066 

(9,964) 

- 

156,102 

Issue of warrants 

Issue of share options 

Total transactions with 
shareholders 

Equity at 31 December 
2020 

Loss for the year 2021 

Other comprehensive loss 
for the year 

Total comprehensive loss 
for the year 2020 

Total transactions with 
shareholders 

Equity at 31 December 
2021 

831,991 

2,718,931 

355,269 

289,481 

2,800,000 

(8,295,526) 

(1,299,854) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(538,176) 

(538,176) 

- 

- 

(538,176) 

(538,176) 

- 

- 

831,991 

2,718,931 

355,269 

289,481 

2,800,000 

(8,833,702) 

(1,838,030) 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Company Statement of Cash Flows 
for the Year Ended 31 December 2021 

Cash flow from operating activities 

Loss before taxation 

Adjustments for: 

Finance expense 

Finance income 

Impairment of loans and receivables 

Income from forgiven creditors 

Unrealised foreign exchange movements 

Operating cashflows before working capital changes 

Changes in working capital: 

Increase in payables 

(Increase)/decrease in receivables 

Net cash used in operating activities 

Financing activities 

Issue of ordinary shares, net of share issue costs 

Proceeds from new borrowings 

Interest paid 

Advances granted to subsidiaries 

Net cash flow from financing activities 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents in the 
period 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 

 Annual Report 2021 

2021 

£ 

2020 

£ 

(538,176) 

(515,324) 

115,488 

87,681 

-

(39,368) 

9,596 

94,627 

-

(15,816) 

4,727 

(18,110) 

(408,365) 

(406,310) 

38,375 

(2,162) 

64,802 

(6,709) 

(372,152) 

(348,217) 

-

156,102 

450,000 

260,000 

(358) 

- 

(9,596) 

(55,259) 

440,046 

360,843 

67,894 

34,514 

102,408 

12,626 

21,888 

34,514 

54 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements 

23.  Significant Accounting Policies 

The  separate  Financial  Statements  of  the  Company  are  presented  as  required  by  the  Companies Act 
2016  (“the Act”).  As  permitted  by  the Act,  the  separate  Financial  Statements  have  been  prepared  in 
accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standards. 

The  Financial  Statements  have  been  prepared  on  the  historical  cost  basis.  The  principal  accounting 
policies adopted are the same as those set out in note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, except 
as noted below. 

The presentational currency  of the  Company’s Financial Statements is  UK Pounds Sterling, being the 
functional currency of the Company, given its operations are entirely within the United Kingdom. 

Investments in Subsidiaries 
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost and are regularly reviewed for impairment if there are any 
indications that the carrying value may not be recoverable. 

Receivables from Subsidiaries 
Impairment provisions for receivables from related parties and loans to related parties are recognised, 
based on a forward-looking expected credit loss model. The methodology, used to determine the amount 
of  the  provision,  is  based  on  whether  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  since  initial 
recognition  of the financial asset. For those  where the credit risk has not increased significantly since 
initial  recognition  of  the  financial  asset,  twelve  month  expected  credit  losses  along  with  gross  interest 
income are recognised. For those for which credit risk has increased significantly but not determined to 
be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses, along with the gross interest income, are recognised. 
For those that are determined to be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses, along with interest 
income on a net basis, are recognised. 

Critical Accounting Judgments and Key Sources of Estimation Uncertainty 
The  Company’s  Financial  Statements,  and  in  particular  its  investments  in  and  receivables  from 
subsidiaries, are affected by the critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty 
in  respect  of  going  concern  judgements  which  are  more  fully  described  in  note  2  to  the  Consolidated 
Financial Statements. 

24.  Auditor’s Remuneration 

The auditor’s remuneration for audit and other services is disclosed in note 4 to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements. 

25.  Directors and Staff 

Scott  Kaintz,  Executive Director of the Company, has been the  only  employee  of the Company  in the 
reporting year after he was employed on 27 June 2018 and to date. 

Key management remuneration is disclosed in note 5 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued

26. Administrative Expenses

Staff costs 

Standard Listing Regulatory Costs 

Professional and consultancy fees 

Other general administrative expenses 

Total 

27. Receivables from Subsidiaries and Related Party Transactions

Loans to subsidiaries 

Total loans to subsidiaries

 Annual Report 2021 

2021 

2020 

£ 

£ 

217,596 

218,954 

45,951 

91,178 

43,860 

73,263 

75,672 

38,421 

398,585 

406,310 

2021 

2020 

£ 

- 

- 

£ 

- 

- 

During the year ended 31 December 2021, the Company recognised expected credit losses in relation to 
the intercompany  loans in  the amount of £19,378 (2020: £94,627).  This relates to the  write-off of the 
Company’s Coos Bay coal bed methane project in full, due primarily to the  lack of capital available to 
advance the project in declining US oil and gas markets.   

During the year ended 31 December 2021, the maximum amount owed by the subsidiary to the Company 
was £19,378 (2020: £94,627). The related party loans are unsecured and are repayable at the time of 
completion of a reverse takeover. In prior years, interest was receivable at a rate of 9%.  No interest has 
been charged for the year ended 31 December 2021. At 31 December 2021, £39,368 (2020: £39,368) 
was accrued and included in the above balance.  

The  remuneration  of  the  senior  Executive  Management  Committee  members,  who  are  the  key 
management personnel of the Group, is set out in aggregate for each of the categories specified in IAS 
24 “Related Party Disclosures” in note 5. 

56 

Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued 

28.  Prepayments and Other Receivables 

VAT recoverable 

Prepayments 

Total prepayments and other receivables 

2021 

2020 

£ 

6,230 

26,432 

32,662 

£ 

2,272 

28,227 

30,499 

The  fair  value  of  receivables  and  deposits  approximates  their  carrying  amount,  as  the  impact  of 
discounting is not significant. The receivables are not impaired and are not past due. 

29.  Cash and Cash Equivalents 

For the purpose of the statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise the following: 

Cash in hand and at bank 

30.  Current Liabilities 

Trade and Other Payables 

Trade and other payables 

Accruals 

Total trade and other payables 

2021 

2020 

£ 

£ 

102,408 

34,514 

2021 

2020 

£ 

£ 

180,642 

215,266 

357,317 

284,317 

537,959 

499,583 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

     Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued 

31.  Short-Term Borrowings 

At 31 December 2021, the Company had an outstanding promissory notes and loans of £1,435,141 (2020: 
£865,285), please refer to note 16. 

HNW Investor Group  

C4 Energy Ltd 

Bruce Edwards 

Sun Seven Stars 
Investment Group 
("SSSIG")  

Poseidon Plastics Ltd 
(“PPL”) 

Total liabilities from 
financing activities 

Cash flows 
Proceeds 
from new 
borrowings 
 £ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 Jan 2021 
 £ 

288,956 

191,909 

107,775 

276,645 

- 

450,000 

Non-cash flow 
Forex 
movement £ 

Non-cash flow 
Interest accrued 
£ 

31 Dec 
2021 
 £ 

- 

34,224 

323,180 

3,059 

1,689 

- 

- 

21,778 

216,746 

10,889 

120,353 

26,000 

302,645 

22,217 

472,217 

865,285 

450,000 

4,748 

115,108 

1,435,141 

Cash flows 
Proceeds 
from new 
borrowings 
 £ 

1 Jan 2020 
 £ 

Non-cash flow 
Forex 
movement £ 

Non-cash flow 
Interest accrued 
 £ 

31 Dec 
2020 
 £ 

HNW Investor Group  

254,705 

177,171  

100,907 

- 

- 

- 

- 

34,251 

288,956 

(8,773) 

(4,888) 

23,511 

191,909 

11,756 

107,775 

- 

260,000 

- 

16,645 

276,645 

532,783  

260,000 

(13,661) 

86,163 

865,285 

C4 Energy Ltd 

Bruce Edwards 

Sun Seven Stars 
Investment Group 
("SSSIG")  

Total liabilities from 
financing activities 

32.  Share Capital 

The  movements  in  the  share  capital  account  are  disclosed  in  note  17  to  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued

33. Financial Instruments – Risk Management

The Company’s strategy and financial risk management objectives are described in note 20. 

Principal Financial Instruments 
The principal financial instruments, used by the Company from which risk arises are as follows: 

Financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Other receivables 

Loans due from subsidiaries 

Financial liabilities 

Trade payables 

Accruals 

Short-term borrowings 

2021 

£ 

2020 

£ 

102.408 

34,514 

- 

- 

180,624 

357,317 

1,435,141 

- 

- 

215,266 

284,317 

865,285 

Credit Risk 
Credit  risk  refers  to  the  risk  that  a  counterparty  will  default  on  its  contractual  obligations,  resulting  in 
financial loss to the Company. 

In addition to the risks described in note 20, which affect the Group, the Company is also subject to credit 
risk on the balances, receivable from subsidiaries, see note 27. In the year ended 31 December 2021, 
credit losses were recognised in full in relation to all the balances, receivable from subsidiaries. 

Market Risk - Currency Risk 
The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk, arising from currency exposures primarily with respect 
to the US Dollar (US$). The Directors monitor the exchange rate fluctuations on a continuous basis and 
act accordingly. 

Assets and liabilities by currency 
of denomination, all numbers are 
presented in £ 

2021 
US$ 

2021 
£ 

2021 
Total 
£ 

2020 
US$ 

2020 
£ 

2020 
Total 
£ 

Financial assets 

Cash and cash equivalents 

6,621 

95,787 

102,408 

219 

34,295 

34,514 

Other receivables 

Financial liabilities 

Trade payables 

Accruals 

- 

-

-

- 

- 

180,642

180,642 

357,317

357,317 

- 

-

-

- 

- 

215,266

215,266 

284,317

284,317 

Short-term borrowings 

337,099 

1,098,042

1,435,141  299,684  565,601 

865,285 

59 

Curzon Energy Plc 

 Annual Report 2021 

Notes to the Company Financial Statements continued

34. Events After the Reporting Period

Events after the reporting period are more fully described in note 22. 

35. Controlling Party

At 31 December 2021, the Company did not have an ultimate controlling party. 

60