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Cygnus Gold Limited

cy5 · ASX Basic Materials
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FY2018 Annual Report · Cygnus Gold Limited
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Annual Report 2018  

An Australian Gold and Base Metals Exploration Company

Corporate directory
—

01
1

– 

–

Principal Place of Business & Registered Office

Stock Exchange Listing

Level 3, 20 Parkland Road 

Osborne Park WA 6017

– 

Contact information

Phone:  +61 8 9489 2680

Email: 

info@cygnusgold.com  

Website: www.cygnusgold.com 

– 

Australian Business Number

80 609 094 653

– 

Directors

Primary listing: Australian Securities Exchange

ASX Code: CY5

–

Share Register

Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd

GPO Box 2975, Melbourne VIC 3001

Phone:  +61 3 9415 5000

Fax: 

+61 3 9473 2500

–

Bankers

National Australia Bank

100 St Georges Terrace

Mr Michael Bohm 

Non-executive Chairman 

Perth WA 6000

Mr James Merrillees 

Managing Director

–

Mr Simon Jackson 

Non-executive Director

Solicitors

Dr Oliver Kreuzer  

Non-executive Director

Gilbert and Tobin

Dr Amanda Buckingham  Non-executive Director

Level 16, Brookfield Place Tower 2

123 St Georges Terrace

PERTH WA 6000

–

Company Secretary

Mr Michael Naylor 

– 

Auditors

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd

Central Park

Level 43 152-158 St Georges Terrace

Perth WA 6000

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 1

Cygnus Gold - Contents

02

As we await results from our first quarter 2019 

exploration activities and plan our work for the 

months ahead, the coming year looks to be an 

important one in shaping our Company and  

its success.

2 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Contents

Contents

03

Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 

01   Corporate Directory
— 
05   Chairman’s Statement
—
08   Directors’ Report
—
58   Auditor’s Independence Declaration
—
61 
—
62   Statement of Financial Position
—
63   Statement of Changes in Equity 
—
64   Statement of Cash Flows
—
65   Notes to the Financial Statements
—
87   Directors’ Declaration
—
88   Independent Auditor’s Report
—
91   ASX Additional Information
— 

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 3

 
Cygnus Gold - Chairman’s statement

04

the team has built on our extensive project portfolio 

we have been successful in executing numerous land 

access agreements and subsequently undertaken 

several drill programs on our 100% owned projects

4 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Chairman’s statement

Chairman’s statement
—

05

Fellow shareholders,

I am pleased to present the 2018 Annual Report for Cygnus 
Gold Limited (ASX: CY5), reflecting on the Company’s first year 
listed on the Australian Securities Exchange following the 
completion of our Initial Public Offering and the commencement 
of trading in January 2018. 

In the time since our listing, we have been successful in 
executing numerous land access agreements and subsequently 
undertaken several drill programs on our 100% owned projects.  
Further, the team has built on our extensive project portfolio 
in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia where we are 
exploring for gold and base metals in the under-explored 
Southwest Terrane – home to gold discoveries including the 
significant Tampia gold resource.

The focus to date has been the Stanley Project, where during 
2018 we completed more than 12,000 metres of drilling. There 
are multiple prospects at Stanley, including Bottleneck, Stanley 
Hill, McDougall and Brays, and our work on the project to date 
has produced some promising results including these from 
Bottleneck including 9.5m at 29.2 g/t Au in hole BNDD001 and 
10.9m at 15.1 g/t Au in BNDD003. 

We have subsequently completed follow-up drilling at 
Bottleneck, as well as the Stanley Hill and McDougall prospects 
in early 2019. A new target is emerging at McDougall South 
where we have identified a coherent (1km x 500m) gold 
anomaly associated with a north-west-trending structural zone, 
and two holes intersected anomalous gold.

In addition to Stanley, we also undertook drilling at our 
Bencubbin Project as part of a program co-funded by the WA 
Government, with our initial focus on the Jefferies prospect, a 
3.5km long gold auger anomaly. This previous work returned 
a wide, anomalous gold intercepts in limited (shallow) drilling 
including 12m @ 2.15g/t Au from surface, and we have 
followed this up with a 10-hole program in February 2019. 

•  Consolidated a significant tenement  

holding for gold and base metal  

exploration in Western Australia

  —

•  Attracted cornerstone investment from  

Resource Capital Funds, Southern  

  Cross Capital and Gold Road  

Resources Limited

  —

•  Recruited a management team  

to undertake both the corporate and    

technical management processes

  —

•  Arranged land access and permitting    

for exploration on the Company’s  

priority target areas

  —

•  Undertaken a number of exploration  

and drilling programs foreshadowed  in  

our IPO

  —

•  Entered into multiple earn-in and JV  

agreements with Gold Road

  —

•  Successful official quotation on  

the ASX

  —

•  Successfully applied for WA  

  Government co-funding for diamond    

drilling at Stanley, Burracoppin  

and Bencubbin.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Chairman’s statement

6

Chairman’s statement
—

Whilst gold is our focus, the team also identified an extensive surface nickel 

anomaly over an 18km strike at Bencubbin North. The 70km-long Bencubbin 

Greenstone is considered a prime target for sulfide-hosted nickel-copper and base 

metals mineralisation, however the nickel targets have not been adequately tested 

nor drilled. We have recently undertaken a reconnaissance soil sampling program 

there in early 2019 and we expect to commence a wider program over the  

coming months.

The Company has also progressed our Joint Venture (JV) projects with Gold Road 

Resources Ltd (ASX: GOR), a major shareholder in our company and a  

well-credentialled partner. Cygnus is managing these JVs at Wadderin, Lake 

Grace and Yandina, and we have been busy already in 2019 completing surveying, 

sampling and a 23-hole drill program. More drilling is planned for the  

coming months.

Following on from the harvest season in the Wheatbelt, it has been a busy period of 

exploration at Cygnus and I would like to thank our Management and Staff for their 

significant efforts through 2018. I would also like to thank our Shareholders for their 

support and encouragement for our exploration efforts.

As we await results from our first quarter 2019 exploration activities and plan 

our work for the months ahead, the coming year looks to be an important one in 

shaping our Company and its success. I hope you will share that journey with us.

Michael Bohm

Non-executive Chairman

6 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Chairman’s statement

The Company has also progressed our Joint Venture 

07

projects with Gold Road Resources Ltd, 

a major shareholder in our company and a  

well-credentialled partner.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 7

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

08

Directors’ Report
—

The directors present their report, together with the financial statements for the year 

ended 31 December 2018 for Cygnus Gold Limited (Cygnus or the Company). 

Directors

—

The names and details of the Company’s directors in office during the financial year and until the date of this 

report (unless otherwise stated) are as follows:

Mr Michael Bohm - Non-executive Chairman Director  

Appointed 30 September 2016
—

Mr Bohm is a qualified mining professional with 

Risk Committees and Chairs their Remuneration 

significant corporate and operations experience. He 

Committees. Prior to this, he has held a number 

has had extensive minerals industry experience in 

of directorships including those with Perseus 

Australia, South East Asia, Africa, Chile, Canada and 

Mining Limited, Tawana Resources Limited, Argyle 

Europe. A graduate of WA School of Mines, Mr Bohm 

Diamonds Mines, Sally Malay Mining Limited and 

has worked as a mining engineer, mine manager, 

Ashton Mining of Canada.

study manager, project manager, project director 

and managing director and has been directly 

involved in a number of new mine developments. 

Mr Bohm currently serves as a Director of a number 

of ASX-listed companies and sits on their Audit & 

Over the past three years, Mr Bohm has also 

held directorships with the following ASX listed 

companies:

Other current directorships

Commenced

Ceased

Mincor Resources Limited 

Ramelius Resources Limited

1 January 2017 

29 November 2012 

-

-

Former directorships in the last 3 years

Berkut Minerals Limited  

Perseus Mining Limited 

1 July 2016

30 June 2017

15 October 2009 

31 May 2018

Tawana Resources Limited

1 August 2015

21 October 2016

8 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Mr James Merrillees – Managing Director 

Appointed 17 November 2017 
—

09

Mr Merrillees is a professional geologist with more than 20 years’ experience in minerals exploration and 

development. He has wide-ranging experience leading teams exploring for and evaluating precious and base 

metals globally. Mr Merrillees experience includes senior technical and corporate roles for ASX-listed major 

and junior gold and base metals explorers and producers. He is a member of the AusIMM and holds Bachelor 

of Science (Geology) and Bachelor of Commerce (Accounting and Finance) degrees and a Graduate Diploma in 

Applied Finance.

Over the past three years, Mr Merrillees has not held any directorships with an ASX listed company.

Mr Simon Jackson – Non-executive Director

Appointed 17 November 2017 
—

Mr Jackson is a Chartered Accountant with 26 years’ experience in the gold industry. He has held positions as 

CEO and MD of ASX-listed Brazilian-focussed gold producer Beadell Resources Limited and President & CEO 

of the TSXV-listed Orca Gold Inc, a junior exploration company with multiple gold discoveries in Sudan. From 

1999 to 2010, he was an integral part of the senior management team at Red Back Mining Inc, which grew from 

a small West Perth-based junior to a TSX-listed intermediate producer that was taken over by Kinross Gold Corp 

in 2010. Mr Jackson’s career includes corporate transactions and equity financings involving assets in Australia, 

Africa, Asia and South America.

Over the past three years, Mr Jackson has also held directorships with the following ASX listed companies:

Other current directorships

Commenced

Ceased

Coziron Resources Limited

Kopore Metals Limited

30 January 2019

7 March 2019

-

-

Former directorships in the last 3 years

Cardinal Resources Limited

31 August 2015 

12 October 2017

Beadell Resources Limited

10 November 2013

14 July 2018

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 9

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

10

Dr Oliver Kreuzer – Non-executive Director 

Director since April 2016
—

Dr Kreuzer is a Registered Professional Geoscientist (MAIG, RPGeo) with a broad skill set in structural, generative 

and corporate geology honed during a 20-year career in applied research and mineral exploration across a 

wide range of gold, base metals and uranium projects in Australia, Africa, North America, Europe and Asia. His 

work directly contributed to new company floats (ASX:AUC, ASX:RGU, ASX:CY5), company transforming project 

acquisitions (ASX:AWV, ASX:GLA) and new discoveries. Dr Kreuzer’s passion lies in the application of superior 

geoscience to exploration targeting and shortening the time frame to discovery.

Over the past three years, Dr Kreuzer has not held any directorships with an ASX listed company.

Dr Amanda Buckingham – Non-executive Director 

Director since April 2016 
—

Dr Buckingham has been involved full-time in mineral exploration for more than 20 years. Dr Buckingham 

founded and remains a major shareholder and director of companies in the United States, Australia and 

Singapore and has been fundamental to their high profitability. Dr Buckingham founded Fathom Geophysics 

in 2007, an industry leading geophysical group that has developed worlds-best technology for targeting under 

cover and significantly increasing the chance of discovery.

Dr Buckingham’s early career was at major mining companies such as Rio Tinto and several listed juniors. She 

has wide-ranging exploration experience in North and sub-Saharan Africa, North and South America, South East 

and Central Asia, Russia and Europe. Dr Buckingham is a research fellow at the University of Western Australia 

and a founder of Cygnus.

Over the past three years, Dr Buckingham has not held any directorships with an ASX listed company.

10 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Interests in the shares and options of the Company
—
As at the date of this report, the interests of the directors in the shares (direct and indirect) of Cygnus Gold 

11

Limited were:

Name

Number of ordinary shares

Performance Rights

Mr Michael Bohm

Mr James Merrillees

Mr Simon Jackson

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

Dr Amanda Buckingham

3,170,001

150,000

303,334

1,883,334

2,333,334

There are no options on issue at the date of this report.

Company Secretary
— 
Mr Michael Naylor 
—

100,000

350,000

100,000

100,000

100,000

Mr Naylor has 23 years’ experience in corporate advisory and public company management since commencing 

his career and qualifying as a Chartered Accountant with Ernst & Young. He has been involved in the financial 

management of mineral and resource focused public companies serving on the board and in the executive 
management team focusing on advancing and developing mineral resource assets and business development. 

Operating results
—
The loss of the Company for the year ended 31 

Principal activities 
—
Cygnus is an exploration company focused on the 

December 2018 after providing for income tax 

discovery of gold and base metals deposits in the 

amounted to $638,119 (2017: $784,721).   

south west Yilgarn of Western Australia.

Review of financial position
—
The net assets are $5,626,625 as at 31 December  

2018 (2017: $6,607,517).

There have been no significant changes in the nature 

of these activities during the period.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 11

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

12

The focus to date has been the Stanley Project, where 

during 2018 we completed more than 12,000 metres  

of drilling.

12 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Review of Operations
—

13

Overview

—

Cygnus is targeting the discovery of high-grade gold and base metals deposits within 

the Southwest Terrane of Western Australia. The Southwest Terrane is a unit of high 

metamorphic grade rocks forming part of the well-mineralised Yilgarn Craton.

In Western Australia, particularly in the Southwest Terrane, high-grade metamorphosed 

greenstone sequences have been targeted sporadically for their gold potential with 

some success at Griffins Find, Katanning and Tampia. However, compared to other 

parts of the Yilgarn Craton, the intensity of exploration activity is relatively low. Cygnus 

believes this is partly a result of widespread, post-mineral cover which requires detailed 

geophysical data to effectively explore.

It was only in February 2016 that higher resolution geophysical data over the Southwest 

Yilgarn became publicly available. Using this newly released data, Cygnus’ team 

generated maps identifying the greenstone belts across the Southwest Terrane 

including key structures controlling the location of mineralisation.

The areas identified by this approach were subject to detailed screening and the 

Company subsequently applied for exploration licences over targets that passed this 

initial screening and were ranked highest for potential to host economic gold deposits.

At 31 December 2018, the Company had assembled a ~9,000km² land package to 

explore for gold and base metals in this highly prospective region.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 13

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

14

Overview
—

Figure 1: Location of Cygnus’ Projects, Southwest Western Australia

14 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

In Western Australia, particularly in the Southwest 

15

Terrane, high-grade metamorphosed greenstone 

sequences have been targeted sporadically for their 

gold potential with some success at Griffins Find, 

Katanning and Tampia.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 15

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

16

Stanley Project (Cygnus 100%)
—

Cygnus’ most advanced exploration project 

is the Stanley Project, comprising an area of 
160km2 approximately 60km northeast of 
the Wheatbelt town of Katanning.

Stanley was targeted following Cygnus’ 

interpretation of available geophysical 

datasets which defined a more than 20km-

long strike length of prospective greenstone 

sequences which included widespread, 

shallow and high-grade gold mineralisation 

identified by previous explorers (Figure 2).

Following the successful IPO in January 2018 

Cygnus has completed over 12,000m of 

drilling at Stanley as discussed below.

16 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
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17

Figure 2: E70/4787 (Stanley Project), key drill results and prospects. Note: The geology interpretation is explained in the Independent 
Technical Assessment Report in Section 8 of the Cygnus Gold Prospectus dated 22 November 2017

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 17

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

18

January 2018 Diamond Drilling

—

The Company’s initial 629m diamond core drilling program targeted the Bottleneck prospect which is defined 

by widespread historical intersections of shallow, high-grade gold. This prospect had received limited deeper 

drilling and the Company had also interpreted a ‘down-plunge’ target, which had never been tested.

The initial diamond exploration program returned a number of encouraging results including (refer ASX 

announcements on 22 February 2018 and 7 March 2018)1:

•  BNDD001: 9.50m @ 29.20 g/t Au from 36.70m incl. 2.4 m @ 114.63 g/t Au from 38.70m

•  BNDD003: 10.95m @ 15.10 g/t Au from 24.70m incl. 4.75 m @ 34.17 g/t Au from 24.70m

•  BNDD006: 6m @ 3.27 g/t Au from 157.5m incl. 2m @ 8.82 g/t Au from 161.5m.

Drilling confirmed the width and grade of mineralisation intersected in the historical aircore holes, and notably 

holes BNDD001 and BNDD006 intersected mineralisation in fresh basement and these were targeted for follow 

up drilling described below (also Figures 3 & 4).

This program was co-funded by a grant from the WA Government’s Exploration Initiative Scheme.

Figure 3: Plan view of the Bottleneck Prospect with intersections >0.1 g/t Au in Cygnus Gold’s 2018 diamond drilling program.

18 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

19

Figure 4: Section BNDD001 looking north with intervals >0.1 g/t Au and significant intervals >1 g/t Au highlighted (holes 08KUAC0075 and 
09KUAC009 are historical holes not drilled by Cygnus2)

February 2018 Reverse Circulation (RC) Drilling

—

Cygnus followed up this initial diamond drilling with a 32-hole (2,975m) RC drilling program, targeting the high-

grade zone and basement extensions of the gold mineralisation at Bottleneck, as well as targets on the Brays 

and Stanley Hill prospects, which had never been tested with deeper drilling.

Hole BNRC009, targeting extensions to the high-grade mineralisation at Bottleneck intersected (refer ASX 

announcement on 8 June 2018)1:

•  7m @ 4.9g/t Au from 42m incl. 1m @ 33.0g/t Au from 42m

BNRC009 confirmed the targeted high-grade horizon however did not materially extend mineralisation into the 

basement.

Six holes of this program (BNRD005, BNRD007, BNRD010, BNRC022 BNRD023 BNRD024 and BNRD025) 

targeted extensions to mineralisation in Cygnus hole BNDD006 which considered a priority target by the 

Company as it was the first hole to intersect high-grade mineralisation in fresh basement rock at Stanley.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 19

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

20

Significant intersections included (refer ASX 

Resampling of the mineralised intervals in STRC0002 

announcement on 8 June 2018)1:

is underway to determine whether further follow-up 

• 

BNRD010:

is warranted.

o   3.0m @ 1.01g/t Au from 111.0m and

Holes STRC0004, 0005 and 0006 were drilled to 

o   1.0m @ 0.32g/t Au from 116.2m and

test a domal structure to the south of Bottleneck, 

o   2.0m @ 0.58g/t Au from 131.2m and

with the best result coming in STRC0005 with 4m 

o  1.0m @ 0.66g/t Au from 152.3m.

@ 1.08g/t Au from 32m. STRC0004 and STR0006 

• 

BNRD024:

did not intersect significant mineralisation and this 

o   2.7m @ 0.33g/t Au from 151.4m and

dome is considered to have been tested with no 

o   1.0m @ 0.10g/t Au from 190.0m.

follow up planned.

• 

BNRD005 intersected several narrow zones 

of mineralisation coincident with BNDD006 

including 1m @1.31g/t Au from 83m. 

The Company also drilled two RC holes (total 182m) 

at the McDougall South prospect targeting historical 

aircore gold anomalism associated with a complex 

structural zone with best intersections (Refer ASX 

•  Holes BNRC022 and BNRD023 intersected a 

announcement 4 February 2019)1:

narrow, mineralised zone that extends more  

than 80m between these two holes, with best  

intervals of 4m @ 0.27g/t Au from 148m  

in BNRC022.

Several RC holes were also drilled to test aircore 

gold anomalies drilled by Cygnus up to 5km from 

Bottleneck, and significant intersections from these 

holes included (refer CY5 ASX announcement 6 June 

• 

• 

STRC0007: 4m @ 0.25g/t Au from 32m and

STRC0008: 16m @ 0.19g/t Au from 32m.

An aircore drilling program at McDougall South  

was planned to follow up this anomalous zone 

(discussed below).

December 2018 Aircore Drilling

2018)1: 

—

• 

• 

• 

BNRC012 with 2m @ 0.37g/t Au from 41m;

BNRC013 with 1m @ 1.07g/t Au from 34m; and

BNRC015 with 6m @ 0.62g/t Au from 46m. 

December 2018 RC Drilling

—

In addition to the RC drilling, the December 2018 

program included 65 aircore (AC) holes for 

2,661m designed to test targets identified from 

the Company’s ground geophysical and surface 

geochemistry surveys as well as follow up zones of 

anomalous gold intersected in the Company’s  

RC programs.

In December 2018 the Company completed an  

eight-hole (866m) RC drilling program testing 

additional gold targets at Stanley.

The best results from the AC program came in STAC028 

at McDougall South with 12m @ 0.34g/t Au from 16m 

(Refer ASX announcement 4 February 2019)1.

Three holes (STRC0001, STRC0002, STRC0003) 

targeted extensions to the Bottleneck prospect 

defined by the diamond and RC programs  

completed earlier in the year.

The best result from this program came in hole 

STRC0002 which ended in mineralisation with 6m  

@ 0.74g/t Au from 136m as well as a narrow zone  

of mineralisation higher up the hole with 4m  

@ 1.17g/t Au from 124m (refer CY5 ASX  

announcement 6 June 2018)1.

The intersection at STAC028 is part of a large (1km 

x 500m), and coherent gold anomaly at McDougall 

South associated with a NW trending structural 

zone (Figures 5 & 6). This gold anomalous zone is 

defined by a +50ppb Au mineralised halo hosted in 

basement rock interpreted as a felsic granulite after 

a granitic precursor.

Two further lines of AC drilling and two RC holes 

were drilled in early 2019 to follow up this zone at 

McDougall South with assay results anticipated in 

March-April 2019.

20 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

21

Figure 5: McDougall South Prospect, drilling over interpreted geology with contours of maximum downhole Au.

Figure 6: McDougall South section with significant gold intersections at STRC007 and 008 within a broader >50ppb Au halo.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 21

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
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22

BENCUBBIN PROJECT (Cygnus 100%)
—

Cygnus Gold’s 675km2 Bencubbin Project, 
located ~220km northeast of Perth, was 

originally pegged for its gold prospectively, 

centred on the historical Jefferies prospect 

on a 10km long section of the Bencubbin 

Greenstone Belt.

During the year work by the Company’s 

technical team recognised the nickel and 

base metals potential of the ~80km long 

Bencubbin Greenstone and two additional 

tenements were applied for at Bencubbin 

North and Bencubbin South to cover the 

entire Belt.

BENCUBBIN
— 

The Company’s initial focus at Bencubbin 

was on the Jefferies gold prospect, where 

previous explorers defined a ~3.5km long 

auger gold anomaly with assay values up 

to 566ppb Au broadly coincident with a 

contact between the greenstone belt and  
a granite intrusion (Figure 7)2.

22 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report
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23

Figure 7: Bencubbin Project interpreted geology and historical auger samples². The geology is based on geophysical interpretation and 
modelling as explained in the Company’s Independent Technical Assessment Report within Cygnus’ Prospectus dated 22 November 2017.

Historical exploration at Jefferies also reported rock 

In addition, the potential for the gold mineralisation 

chip assays up to 12.9g/t Au and wide, anomalous gold 

at Jefferies to extend further towards the south and 

intercepts in shallow drilling including:

southwest along the interpreted granite-greenstone 

• 12m @ 2.15g/t Au from surface in hole NM2R-1132

contact was untested.

• 13m @ 0.62g/t Au from 42m to EOH, including  

An RC rig mobilised to drill the Jefferies Project in 

  2m @ 3.36g/t Au from 52m in hole NM2R-0142.

early 2019 with results expected early in the second 

Despite these encouraging results, the Company 

quarter of 2019.

considers that the Jefferies prospect remains 

The drilling program at Bencubbin was co-funded by  

underexplored and, apart from generally shallow air 

a WA Government Exploration Incentive Scheme 

core and RAB drilling, has only been tested by two 

(EIS) grant.

diamond and 14 RC holes.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 23

 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

24

BENCUBBIN NORTH (NI-CU ± CO, BASE METALS)
—

Nickel Potential

—

Bencubbin North was pegged by the 

Company in mid-2018 after a review of 

historical exploration identified a regionally 

extensive nickel auger surface geochemical 

anomaly, developed over a strike length of 

~18km, and associated with ultramafic rocks 

within a north-northwest trending Archaean 

greenstone belt (Figure 8).

Several discrete Cu and Au anomalies 

are located within or adjacent to the Ni 

anomalism, with a maximum coincident 

auger Cu result of 162ppm recorded, and 

a (separate) maximum Au value of 71 ppb 

reported, both within the greenstone 

sequence (Figure 9).

24 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

25

Figure 8: E70/5169 (Bencubbin North) surface geochemistry grid contours for nickel, historical drilling and Jefferies prospect to the SE.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 25

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

26

Figure 9: E70/5169 (Bencubbin North); gridded historical nickel, copper and gold surface geochemistry.

Historic drilling at Bencubbin North included five lines of shallow (<40m) RAB holes principally targeting  

gold mineralisation.

None of these historical holes tested the peak nickel anomalism, and none were assayed for Ni, leaving the 

entire 18km surface multi-element geochemical anomaly effectively untested for nickel deposits.

Aircore drilling approximately 15km to the southeast of the main Bencubbin North Ni-Cu target intersected 

extensions of the Bencubbin ultramafic package including(Refer ASX announcement on 30 November 2018)1:

• 

• 

12m @ 0.13% Ni from 48m in hole MERA 3; and 

16m @ 0.12% Ni from 47m in hole MERA 1 ~ 600m to the northeast of MERA 3. 

Importantly, none of the holes drilled at Bencubbin North were analysed for Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) 

which are considered an important indicator of nickel sulphide fertility.

Given the lack of effective historic exploration, as well as the ability to apply improved (and more detailed) 

geochemical sampling, and electromagnetic (EM) geophysics, Cygnus considers the Bencubbin Project a high 

priority target for the discovery of a new nickel system.

Base Metals Potential
—

Review of the nickel potential at Bencubbin North also identified a series of gossans known as the Mandiga 

prospect. These gossans are the surface expression of a laterally extensive sulphide-bearing ironstone unit 

within the Bencubbin greenstone, west of the main Bencubbin North nickel anomaly.

The Mandiga gossans outcrop discontinuously over a strike length of more than 3km with a true thickness of up 

to 15m (Figure 10).

26 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

27

Figure 9: E70/5169 (Bencubbin North); gridded historical nickel, copper and gold surface geochemistry.

Figure 10: E70/5169 (Bencubbin North); Mandiga Gossan VMS Target Zone Lead points over nickel grid contours

Mandiga was explored in the late 1970s including auger sampling which identified a Pb anomaly spatially 

coincident with the gossan. Historical drilling at Mandiga included percussion drilling and seven diamond core 

holes, with best results of(refer ASX announcement on 30 November 2018)1:

• 

• 

• 

18m @ 0.14% Ni from 32m in Hole DMA4;

2m @ 0.63% Pb from 52m in Hole DMA2; and

2m @ 1.7% Zn from 176m in Hole DMA5. 

The Pb-in-auger anomalism extends for a further 1.2km south of the known drilling and has not been drill tested 

in any subsequent work.

Given the extent and known thickness of the system, encouraging early results, and the lack of modern 

exploration techniques applied, Cygnus considers this target highly prospective for base metal mineralisation 

and follow up is planned for the first half of 2019. 

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 27

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

28

BURRACOPPIN PROJECT (Cygnus 100%)
—

Cygnus’ wholly-owned Burracoppin 

tenements are located ~25 km east-

northeast of Merredin with excellent access 

via the Great Eastern Highway that crosses 

the tenements, and a network of local roads 

and local farm tracks. The Edna May gold 

mine owned and operated by Ramelius 

Resources Ltd (ASX:RMS), is located 

approximately 4km from the corner of 

Cygnus’ Burracoppin Project (Figure 11).

The Burracoppin Project is underlain by 

Archaean granite and greenstone that 

were metamorphosed to amphibolite and 

granulite facies grade. Outcropping bedrock 

is rare with the area being dominated by 

an intensely developed regolith rarely more 

than 50m thick. 

Exploration by previous explorers at 

Burracoppin identified a more than 2.5km 

long by 0.7km wide gold-in-soil anomaly at 

Anomaly 47, which is open to the east where 

it is cut by a paleochannel system.

28 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

29

Figure 11: Cygnus’ Burracoppin Project and location of Cygnus’ ground gravity survey. Regional geology from 1:500,000 GSWA mapping.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 29

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

30

These explorers also recognised the base metals potential of the region with follow-up auger sampling at 

Anomaly 47 identifying coherent Au-Pb-Zn anomalies as well as an arsenic (As) “pipe” at Dicks Reward defined 

by a >100ppm As anomaly more than 2.6km long and up to 1.5km wide which is open to the east.

The geochemical signature of mineralisation at Anomaly 47 is similar to known Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide 

(VMS) deposits globally, with the Au-Ag-Zn-Pb rich mineralisation located to date potentially being the distal 

signature of a more proximal Cu-Zn rich system, which is the target of the Company’s planned follow up.

Cygnus 2018 Ground Gravity Survey
—

During 2018 Cygnus completed a detailed ground gravity survey targeting relatively dense massive sulfides 

potentially associated with VMS mineralisation. A total of 4,142 stations were acquired on three different station 

spacings (50m, 100m and 200m) over the broader Anomaly 47 target horizon.

Thirty-one discrete positive gravity anomalies were identified from this survey with 14 considered high-priority 

targets for follow-up (Figure 12).

Figure 12: Image of Cygnus Gold’s ground gravity survey (residual of the Bouguer gravity) with compilation of historical exploration at 
Burracoppin² and boundary of airborne electromagnetic (AEM) survey.

30 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Cygnus 2018 Airborne EM Survey

—

31

Cygnus subsequently collected a 277 line-km Xcite™ Airborne Electromagnetic (AEM) survey to screen the 

prospective gravity anomalies as well as to try and identify additional conductive targets which may represent 

accumulations of massive sulfides (refer ASX Announcement 19 September 2018)1.

The AEM survey identified several discrete bedrock conductors, in addition to numerous shallow conductors 

which likely correspond to conductive zones within transported cover (Figure 13).

Figure 13:  
TOP LEFT: AEM survey location with respect to the Anomaly 47 and Dicks Reward prospects, previous drilling and discrete AEM conductors. 
BOTTOM LEFT: Gridded Tau [decay constant] derived from dB/dT, long wavelength removed.  
RIGHT: Inset over Anomaly 47 showing ground gravity anomalies coincident with AEM conductors and historical drill collars

The nearest historical drilling (shallow RC drilling assayed only for gold) is 200m east of the main conductive 

target zone, with the only one deeper RC hole drilled a further 400m to the east. This deeper RC drilling 

intersected narrow higher-grade zones within broader mineralised intervals including2:

• A47RC003 with 4m @ 0.69g/t Au, 14.7g/t Ag, 0.52% Pb, 0.75% Zn from 27m

Drill testing of targets identified from the gravity and EM surveys is planned to commence in 2019 once 

approvals are received and is being co-funded by a grant from the WA Government.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 31

 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

32

Bonnie Rock

—

In July 2018 the Company applied for a new tenement over the Bonnie Rock Prospect, approximately 50km 

northwest of Anomaly 47 (Figure 11).

Bonnie Rock comprises a series of pods of massive magnetite, franklinite (Zn-Fe oxide) and garnet schists with 

Zn, Pb, Ag mineralisation hosted in felsic granulites considered the metamorphic equivalent of altered  

felsic rocks.

The similarities of Bonnie Rock with the Au-Ag-Zn-Pb mineralisation at Anomaly 47 suggest this is a regionally 

extensive style of mineralisation, with the greenstone sequences at Burracoppin and Bonnie Rock being 

underexplored for both VMS and gold mineralisation.

Exploration at Bonnie Rock will commence after tenement grant, in early 2019.

Gold Potential
—

In addition to the potential for VMS style mineralisation identified at Anomaly 47 and Bonnie Rock, the 

Burracoppin Project tenements cover Archaean greenstones including interpreted extensions of the greenstone 

package hosting the nearby Edna May gold mine ~20km southeast of Anomaly 47.

Given the limited historical exploration, and extensive post mineral cover across the Burracoppin Project the 

package is considered highly prospective for Archaean “orogenic” lode gold style gold mineralisation and 

Cygnus will continue to target and test for this deposit style during 2019.

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Exploration at Bonnie Rock will commence after 

33

tenement grant, early 2019.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 33

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

34

GOLD ROAD EARN-IN AND JV PROJECTS   
(Cygnus diluting to 25%)
—

In October 2017, the Company entered 

into earn-in agreements with ASX-listed 

developer Gold Road Resources Ltd 

(ASX:GOR) over Cygnus’ Lake Grace and 

Wadderin Projects covering an area in 
excess of 3,400km2.

These agreements provide Gold Road  

with the opportunity to earn up to a 75% 

interest in these projects by spending  

$3.7m over four years (for details of these 

agreements refer GOR ASX announcement 

10 October 2017).

In early 2018 the Company announced a 

new joint venture (JV) with Gold Road over 

the Yandina Project, and in late 2018 the 

Company applied for additional tenements 

which are intended to form the  

Hyden JV (Figure 14).

In total, the four areas under agreement with 

Gold Road cover in excess of 6,000km2  
with Cygnus initially managing the 

exploration programs.

34 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

35

Figure 14: Cygnus Gold – Gold Road Projects earn-in and JV Projects over regional gravity image (residual Bouguer).

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 35

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

36

Lake Grace   
Earn-in Project
—
On the Lake Grace Earn-in Project, 

the Company completed a detailed 

interpretation of the geology and regolith 

and regional surface sampling. Detailed 

follow up of these new areas including 

aircore drilling is planned for early 2019 

and will include testing of the previously 

reported targets at Panhandle and HR3.

The Panhandle prospect is a >500ppb  

gold-in-soil anomaly that the Company 

believes was only partly drill tested in the 

early 1990s as drilling appears to have 

missed the core of the gold system.

At Panhandle, the Cygnus gravity data 

defines a dense and structurally complex 

unit sitting proximal to a jog in the regionally 

extensive Yandina shear zone (Figure 15). 

This unit is interpreted as a prospective 

mafic-ultramafic sequence within the Lake 

Grace greenstone.

36 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

37

Figure 15: Panhandle Prospect. 
Left is historical residual bouguer gravity anomaly data [0-2k] from the GSWA. 
Right image is the Cygnus’ semi-detailed bouguer gravity data, imaged using a histogram equalized stretch (NE illumination). The dense 
target is circled by the red dashes.

The HR3 target is the extension of a ~6km-long and up to 1.5km-wide gold-in-soil anomaly ranging from 5 to 

128ppb Au. At HR3, the Company’s ground gravity data defines a distinct fold nose coincident with a narrow 

gold anomaly and a broader multi-element (As-Sb-Bi-Te-Mo-Pb) anomaly considered to be ‘pathfinder’ elements 

for gold mineralisation in the region (Figure 16). There has been no historical drilling at HR3.

Figure 16: Surface sampling over HR3 target (Lake Grace Project) overlain on Cygnus bouguer gravity image. 
Left frame Au (ppb); 
Right frame As (ppm). Gold anomaly outlined in red and multi-element (As-Sb-Bi-Te-Mo-Pb) pathfinder anomaly in yellow.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 37

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

38

Wadderin Earn-in 
Project
—
At the Wadderin Earn-in Project, the 

Company has completed detailed 

interpretation of the geology and regolith 

which has defined several high-priority gold 

prospects slated for follow-up ground work.

These targets include major bends on the 

regional Yandina shear and extensions to the 

Hardies prospect where previous explorers 

intersected shallow gold with several 
intervals of more than 2 g/t2.

Follow-up aircore drill testing of targets at 

Wadderin is planned for early 2019, subject 

to receipt of statutory approvals.

38 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Yandina Joint Venture 
(Cygnus 25%)
—
The Yandina JV with Gold Road comprises 

four tenements covering an area of 

approximately 1,727km2 over the prospective 

Yandina Shear which is known to host  

gold mineralisation elsewhere in the 

Southwest Terrane.

The Yandina tenements are now granted 

and field work by Cygnus Gold comprised 

regional surface sampling and a detailed 

airborne magnetics survey over a section of 

the shear zone which only had regional data.

The Company also completed a detailed 

geological interpretation of the Yandina 

project area which has identified targets 

for follow up field checking and surface 

sampling planned for early 2019.

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

39

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 39

Cygnus Gold - Corporate

40

Corporate
—

Admission to the  

Australian Securities Exchange

—

Cygnus was successfully admitted to 

the Official List with official quotation 

commencing on 15 January 2018. Cygnus 

raised $6,000,000 (before costs).

After listing the Company had 60,683,341 

shares on issue.

Dividends paid or recommended
—

The directors do not recommend the 

payment of a dividend and no amount has 

been paid or declared by way of a dividend 

to the date of this report.

Subsequent Events
—

There are no matters or circumstances 

that have arisen since the end of the year 
that have significantly affected or may 

significantly affect either:

•   the Company’s operations in future  

financial years

•  the results of those operations in future  

financial years; or

•  the Company’s state of affairs in future  

financial years.

40 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Corporate

Cygnus’ technical team has considerable knowledge 

41

and experience in targeting and evaluating gold 

mineralised systems world-wide.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 41

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

42

Likely Developments and Expected Results
—

Significant changes in the state of affairs
—

The Company is committed to:

There have been no changes in the state of affairs 

• 

systematically explore the Company’s key asset 

at Stanley; 

• 

advance exploration for gold on the other 

Cygnus Exploration Licences at Bencubbin and 

Burracoppin; 

•  manage the Wadderin, Lake Grace and Yandina 

Projects with Gold Road Projects in accordance 

with the relevant earn-in and joint venture 

agreements; 

• 

continue to negotiate further access with 

private landholders in relation to areas of 

interest identified by the above activities; and 

• 

implement a growth strategy to seek out further 

exploration, acquisition and joint venture 

opportunities in Australia.

Environmental issues
—

The Company is aware of its environmental obligations 

with regards to its exploration activities and ensures 

that it complies with all regulations when carrying out 

any exploration work. The directors have considered 

the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 

2007 (‘the NGER Act’) and at the current stage of de-

velopment and based on the locations of the Compa-

ny’s operations, the directors have determined that the 

NGER Act will have no effect on the Company for the 

current or subsequent financial year. The directors will 

reassess this position as and when the need arises. 

No environmental breaches have occurred or have 

been notified by any Government agencies during the 

year ended 31 December 2018.

of the Company other than those outlined in the 

Review of Operations.

Corporate Governance
—

The directors of Cygnus Gold Limited believe 

that effective corporate governance improves 

company performance, enhances corporate social 

responsibility and benefits all stakeholders. Changes 

and improvements are made in a substance over 

form manner, which appropriately reflect the 

changing circumstances of the company as it grows 

and evolves. Accordingly, the Board has established 

a number of practices and policies to ensure that 

these intentions are met and that all shareholders 

are fully informed about the affairs of the Company.

Cygnus reviews all of its corporate governance 

practices and policies on an annual basis to ensure 

they are appropriate for the Company’s current 

stage of development. This year, the review was 

made against the new ASX Corporate Governance 

Council’s Principles and Recommendations (third 

edition) which became effective for financial years 

beginning on or after 1 July 2014.

The Board has reviewed and approved its Corporate 

Governance Statement on 28 March 2019, and this is 

available on the Company’s website at  

www.cygnusgold.com/corporate-governancedetail

The Company has a corporate governance section 

on the website which includes details on the 

Company’s governance arrangements and copies of 

relevant policies and charters.

42 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

REMUNERATION REPORT (AUDITED)
—

43

This remuneration report for the year ended 

Company, directly or indirectly including any 

31 December 2018 outlines the remuneration 

director (whether executive or otherwise) of  

arrangements of the Company in accordance 

the parent.

with the requirements of the Corporations 

Act 2001(Cth) as amended (the Act) and its 

The table below outlines the KMP of the Company 

regulations. This information has been audited as 

during the financial year ended 31 December 2018. 

required by section 308(3C) of the Act.

Unless otherwise indicated, the individuals were 

KMP for the entire financial year.

The remuneration report details the remuneration 

arrangements for Key Management Personnel 

For the purposes of this report, the term 

(KMP) who are defined as those persons having 

“executive” includes the executive directors and 

authority and responsibility for planning, directing

senior executives of the Company.

 and controlling the major activities of the 

Executive director

James Merrillees

Managing Director (appointed 17 November 2017)

NON EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS

Michael Bohm

Non-executive Chairman (appointed 30 September 2016)

Simon Jackson

Non-executive Director (appointed 17 November 2017)

Oliver Kreuzer

Non-executive Director (appointed 21 April 2016)

Amanda Buckingham

Non-executive Director (appointed 21 April 2016)

Senior executive

Michael Naylor

Company Secretary (appointed 4 October 2016) 

There were no other changes to KMP after reporting date and before the date the financial report was 

authorised for issue.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 43

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

44

Remuneration governance
—

Due to the current size of the Company, it is more efficient and effective for the functions otherwise undertaken by 

a remuneration committee to be performed by the Board. All directors are therefore responsible for determining 

and reviewing compensation arrangements for key management personnel, including periodically assessing 

the appropriateness of the nature and amount of remuneration by reference to relevant market conditions and 

prevailing practices.

The Board obtains professional advice where necessary to ensure that the Company attracts and retains talented 

and motivated directors, executives and employees who can enhance Company performance through their 

contributions and leadership.

Remuneration framework
—

The Board recognises that the Company’s 

The remuneration for executives has three 

performance and ultimate success in project 

components:

delivery depends very much on its ability to attract 

and retain highly skilled, qualified and motivated 

people in an increasingly competitive remuneration 

market. At the same time, remuneration practices 

must be transparent to shareholders and be fair and 

• 

Fixed remuneration, inclusive of superannuation 

and allowances; 

• 

Short Term Incentives (“STI”) under a 

performance-based cash bonus incentive  

competitive taking into account the nature and size 

plan; and 

of the organisation and its current stage of activities.

The approach to remuneration has been structured 

with the following objectives:

• 

Fairness: provide a fair level of reward to  

all employees; 

• 

Transparency: establish transparent links 

between reward and performance; 

• 

Alignment: promote mutually beneficial 

outcomes by aligning employee, and 

shareholder interests; and 

•  Culture: drive leadership performance and 

behaviours that promote safety, diversity and 

employee engagement. 

• 

Long Term Incentives (“LTI”) through 

participation in the Company’s approved equity 

incentive plan.

These three components comprise each executive’s 

total annual remuneration.

To link executive remuneration with the Company’s 

performance, the Company’s policy is to endeavour 

to provide a portion of each executive’s total 

remuneration as “at risk”.

These three components comprise each executive’s 

total annual remuneration.  

To link executive remuneration with the Company’s 

performance, the Company’s policy is to endeavour 

to provide an appropriate portion of each 

executive’s total remuneration as “at risk”. 

44 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

2018 mix of remuneration for Directors and KMP percentage of total remuneration 
—

45

OVERVIEW OF COMPANY PERFORMANCE
—

In considering the Company’s performance and benefits for shareholder wealth, the Board has regard to the 

following indices in respect of the current and the previous two financial years:

Executive

Revenue

Net loss after tax

Share price 31 December

2016

1,285

81,504

N/A

2017

3,262

784,721

N/A

2018

198,317

638,119

$0.065

Currently, there is a portion of remuneration of key management personnel that is linked to performance via 

share based awards and short term incentives which is linked to individual performance, which are tied to total 

shareholder return as measured against the performance of a group of peer exploration companies. The rationale 

for this approach is that the Company is in the exploration phase, and it is currently not appropriate to link 

remuneration to factors such as profitability.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 45

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

46

Executive director remuneration
—

Fixed Remuneration

Executives receive a fixed base cash salary and other associated benefits. Executives also receive a superannuation 

guarantee contribution required by Australian legislation which was 9.5% at 31 December 2018. No executives 

receive any other retirement benefits.

Fixed remuneration of executives will be set by the Board each year and is based on market relativity and individual 

performance. In setting fixed remuneration for executives, individual performance, skills, expertise and experience 

are also taken into account to determine where the executive’s remuneration should sit within the market range. 

Where appropriate, external remuneration consultants will be engaged to assist the Board to ensure that fixed 

remuneration is set to be consistent with market practices for similar roles.

Short Term Incentives

The Managing Director was eligible to earn a short-term cash bonused upon achievement of significant 

performance-based outcomes aligned with the Company’s strategic objectives at that time. These  

performance-based outcomes are considered to be an appropriate link between executive remuneration and the 

potential for creation of shareholder wealth. Short term incentives were accrued during the year.

Performance was measured for the period 15 January 2018 to 15 January 2019.

The table below sets out the STI amounts earned and the performance hurdles met during the year

Executive

STI amount Performance Hurdle

Mr James Merrillees

$30,797  Measured on three set key performance indicators at target 

plus stretch levels of significant performance. The following 

performance outcomes were achieved in FY18, resulting in Mr 

Merrillees being entitled to an STI payment:

• 

Targets generated by defining new quality follow up targets 

on all tenement areas held and stretch to drill holes planned 

at all follow up areas. 

• 

Targets tested via Reverse Circulation drilling or Diamond 

drilling over two tenements - stretch to four tenements. 

• 

Sustainability target by implementing Health, Safety, 

Environment and Community Policy approved by Board.

Long Term Incentives

The objective of the LTI plan is to reward executives and directors in a manner which aligns this element of 

remuneration with the creation of shareholder wealth. As such LTIs are made to executives and directors who are 

able to influence the generation of shareholder wealth and thus have an impact on the Company’s performance.

700,000 performance rights were granted to the Managing Director during the year with a one-year and two-year 

measurement period.

46 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Non-executive director remuneration
—

47

Non-executive directors’ fees are paid within an aggregate limit which is approved by the shareholders from 

time to time. Retirement payments, if any, are determined in accordance with the rules set out in the Company’s 

Constitution and the Corporations Act at the time of the director’s retirement or termination. Non-executive 

directors’ remuneration may include an incentive portion consisting of bonuses and/or performance rights/

options, as considered appropriate by the Board, which is subject to shareholder approval in accordance with 

the ASX Listing Rules.

The aggregate remuneration, and the manner in which it is apportioned amongst non-executive directors, is 

reviewed annually. The Board considers the amount of director fees being paid by comparable companies with 

similar responsibilities and levels of experience of the non-executive directors when undertaking the annual 

review process.

The current maximum amount of non-executive directors’ fees payable is fixed at $300,000 in total, for each 

12-month period commencing 1 January each year, until varied by ordinary resolution of shareholders.

Non-executive directors are not entitled to any termination payments.

There were 800,000 performance rights granted to non-executive irectors during the year.  Details to these 

rights are provided further along in the Directors’ Report. 

No share options were issued.

The Company prohibits directors or executives from entering into arrangements to protect the value of any 

Cygnus Gold shares, options or performance rights that the director or executive has become entitled to as part 

of his/her remuneration package. This includes entering into contracts to hedge their exposure.

The following table sets out the specifics to the number of performance rights granted to each non-executive 

director during the year:

Non-executive Directors

Performance Rights

Mr Michael Bohm

Mr Simon Jackson

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

Dr Amanda Buckingham

Total

200,000

200,000

200,000

200,000

800.000

Use of remuneration consultants
—

During the year ended 31 December 2018 the Board did not engage the services of remuneration consultants.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 47

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

48

The remuneration of the Directors
—

The directors and KMP of Cygnus Gold Limited are set out in the following tables:

Short term employee benefits

s
e
e
F

t
n
a
t
l
u
s
n
o
C

s
e
e
F
/
y
r
a

l

a
S

l

a
u
n
n
A

e
v
a
e
L

s
u
n
o
B

t
n
e
m
y
o
p
m
E

l

t
s
o
P

n
o
i
t
a
u
n
n
a
r
e
p
u
S

-
y
a
p
d
e
s
a
b
e
r
a
h
S

)
h
s
a
C
-
n
o
n
(

s
t
n
e
m

e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

f
o
%
d
e
s
a
b

n
o
i
t
a
r
e
n
u
m
e
r

l

a
t
o
T

Non-executive Directors

Mr Michael Bohm

Dr Amanda Buckingham 

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

Mr Simon Jackson

Alan Cleland  
(Resigned 17 November 2017)

Executives

James Merrillees

Michael Naylor

2018

50,000 

-

2017

4,167

69,750

2018

40,000 

 30,563 

2017

3,333

59,116

2018

40,000 

 28,850 

2017

3,333

102,000

2018

40,000 

2017

3,333

2018

2017

-

-

-

-

-

5,250

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 4,750 

346

55,096 

396

-

74,313

 3,800 

346

 74,709 

317

-

62,766

 3,800 

346

 72,996

317

-

105,650

 3,800 

346

 44,146

317

-

-

-

-

-

3,650

-

5,250

2018

 228,529 

 -   

 17,308 

 28,1251 

26,027 

 1,212 

 301,200 

2017

129,714

-

9,786

18,265

14,998

2018

2017

-

-

 90,0002

60,0002

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

172,763

 90,000 

60,000

Total Remuneration

2018

 398,529 

 149,413 

 17,308 

 28,125

 42,177 

2,596 

 638,147 

2017

143,880

296,116

9,786

18,265

16,345

-

484,392

1   Bonus was accrued at 31 December 2018 and excludes superannuation which is included in  

post-employment amount.

2   Amount owing at 31 December 2018, $7,500 and at 31 December 2017, $5,000.

0.6

-

0.5

-

0.5

-

0.8

-

-

9.7

11.6

-

-

4.8

4.1

48 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Shares Issues on Exercise of Options
—

There were no shares issued on exercise of options or performance rights.

49

GRANT OF LTI AND VALUE OF PERFORMANCE RIGHTS AWARDED, EXERCISED AND LAPSED DURING THE YEAR
—

1,500,000 performance rights to the value of $5,415 was granted as part of remuneration during the year ended 

31 December 2018. 

There were no Performance Rights issued for the year ended 31 December 2017.

Shares held by directors and key management personnel including their related parties, is 
set out below:

Balance at 
start of the 
year

Balance at 
date of  
appointment

Received during 
the year on  
exercise of 
options

Other 
acquisition/
disposal of 
shares during 
the year

Balance 
at date of 
resignation

Balance at 
end of 
the year

Non-executive Directors

Mr Michael Bohm

Mr Simon Jackson

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

3,000,001

133,334

1,833,334

Dr Amanda Buckingham

2,333,334

Executives

Mr James Merrillees

100,000

Mr Michael Naylor

Total

1,300,000

8,700,003

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

170,000

170,000

50,000

-

50,000

185,000

625,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3,170,001

303,334

1,833,334

2,333,334

150,000

1,485,000

8,700,003

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 49

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

50

PERFORMANCE RIGHTS HELD BY DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
—

During the year shareholders approved the board to grant performance rights shares to each of the directors as 

incentive remuneration under the performance rights plan.

f
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Non-executive Directors

Mr Michael Bohm

Mr Simon Jackson

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

Dr Amanda Buckingham

Executives

Mr James Merrillees

Mr Michael Naylor

Total

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

200,000

200,000

200,000

200,000

700,000

-

1,500,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

200,000

200,000

200,000

200,000

700,000

-

1,500,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

50 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

PERFORMANCE RIGHTS HELD BY DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
—

51

Each performance rights entitles the holder to one ordinary share in Cygnus upon satisfaction of the 

performance conditions linked to the rights during the relevant measurement period. The rights do not carry 

any other privileges. 

The following performance conditions are applicable to the rights awarded in the year:

Two measurement periods:

(i) 

Tranche 1 is the period from 15/1/18 to 15/1/2019.

(ii)  Tranche 2 is the period 15/1/18 to 15/1/2020.

The vesting conditions for the Performance Rights are as follows:

(iii)  Employment  at  the  end  of  the  relevant  measurement  period;

(iv)  No fatalities  on  the  Company’s  mining  tenements; and

(v)  Performance of the Company against a peer group based on Total Shareholder Return (TSR) 

Cygnus’ TSR compared to the peer group will determine the proportion of Performance Rights that will vest 

(subject to the other vesting conditions being met), as set out below:

Relative TSR over the Measurement Period

Proportion of Performance Rights vested

Below the 50th percentile

At the 50th percentile

0%

50%

Between the 50th and the 75th percentile

Pro-rata between 50% and 100%

Above the 75th percentile 

100%

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 51

 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - ASX Listed companies

52

The Company’s relative performance was   
compared to the following peer group:
—

ASX – Listed companies

—
Alloy Resources Limited
—
Alto Metals Limited
—
Antipa Minerals Limited
—
Arrow Minerals Limited
—
Ausgold Limited
—
Barra Resources Limited
—
Black Cat Syndicate Limited
—
Duketon Mining Limited
—
Emerson Resources Limited
—
Explaurum Limited
—
Golden Mile Resources Limited
—
Great Boulder Resources Limited
—
Great Western Exploration Limited
—
Intermin Resources Limited
—
Musgrave Minerals Limited
—
Riversgold Limited
—
Syndicated Metals Limited
—
Thundelarra Limited

52 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Subject to the vesting criteria being met, directors will be entitled to exercise the number of performance 

Rights vesting and be issued with a corresponding number of ordinary shares in Cygnus Gold Limited.

53

g
n
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F

i

Mr Bohm

Mr Jackson

Dr Kreuzer

Dr Buckingham

James 

Merrillees

Total

2018

100,0002 

25 May 18 NA

15 Jan 19

 0.19  Nil

2018

100,000

25 May 18 NA 15 Jan 20

0.19

Nil

2018

100,0002 

25 May 18 NA

15 Jan 19

 0.19  Nil

2018

100,000

25 May 18 NA 15 Jan 20

0.19

Nil

2018

100,0002

25 May 18 NA

15 Jan 19

0.19

Nil

2018

100,000

25 May 18 NA 15 Jan 20

0.19

Nil

2018

100,0002 

 25 May 18  NA

15 Jan 19

 0.19  Nil

2018

100,000

25 May 18 NA 15 Jan 20

0.19

Nil

2018

350,0002 

 25 May 18    NA

15 Jan 19

 0.19  Nil 

2018

350,000

25 May 18 NA 15 Jan 20

0.19

Nil

-

 - 

- 

 - 

 - 

 - 

- 

- 

-

 -

-

-

-

 - 

-

 - 

-

 - 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

722

-

722

-

722

-

722

-

-

346

-

346

-

346

-

346

-

2,527

5,415

1,212

2,596

1.   The total value of the first tranche of performance rights has been determined to be nil given that all rights expired for that tranche    

post year-end, thus resulting in no benefit to the holder. For tranche 2, the total value has been determined using management’s  

estimates and judgments, applying weighted probabilities to determine the most likely outcome of the vesting criteria that will be met as  

at 15 January 2020 and multiplying the quantity of rights expected to vest by the fair value at award date. These estimates are made  

based on how the company has historically performed relative to the peer group and future considerations. The total value attributable  

to each key management personnel is first determined and then expensed evenly over the vesting period (herein the period between the  

Award date and Expiry date) and thus only a portion is recognised in the current period. 

2.   750,000 performance rights from tranche 1 were not achieved and were cancelled subsequent to 31 December 2018. No dollar value is  

attributable to this tranche given that no rights vested.

There were no performance rights on issue as at 31 December 2017. 

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

54

EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS OF DIRECTORS AND SENIOR EXECUTIVES
—

On 15 March 2018, the Company entered into a revised agreement with Mr Merrillees to recognise his promotion 

to Managing Director under annual based remuneration of, $246,375 (inclusive of superannuation) applied from 

December 2017.

As part of the new agreement a STI of 15% of total fixed remuneration (Base Salary plus Superannuation) was put 

in place should several key performance indicators be met, including exploration targets generated, exploration 

targets tested and Health, Safety and Environmental components. Total amount accrued at year end was 12.5% 

total $30,797.

In addition, the agreement included long term incentives of 700,000 performance rights which was approved 

by shareholders’ during the year.

Mr Merrillees is required to give the Company six weeks’ notice to terminate the agreement and the Company is 

required to give Mr Merrillees three months’ notice to terminate the contract or payment in lieu.

The Company entered into an agreement with Blue Leaf Corporate Pty Ltd, a company associated with 

Mr Naylor, which commenced on 15 January 2018 for the provision of company secretarial and financial 

management services. Mr Naylor is required to give the Company 90 days’ notice to terminate the contract and 

the Company is required to give Mr Naylor 90 days’ notice to terminate the contract or payment in lieu.

LOANS TO KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
—

There were no loans to key management personnel of the Company, including their personally related parties, 

as at 31 December 2018 or 31 December 2017.

OTHER TRANSACTIONS WITH KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
—

There were no other transactions with key management personnel.

VOTING AND COMMENTS MADE AT THE COMPANY’S LAST ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
—

Cygnus Gold received a 100% “yes” votes on its Remuneration Report for the year ended 31 December 2017. The 

Company received no specific feedback on its Remuneration Report at the Annual General Meeting.

END OF REMUNERATION REPORT

54 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Meetings of directors
—

55

During the financial year, six meetings of directors were held. Attendances by each director during the year 

were as follows:

Director’s names

Number attended

Number eligible to attend

Michael Bohm

James Merrillees

Simon Jackson

Dr Oliver Kreuzer

Dr Amanda Buckingham

6

6

4

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

Given the size of the Board the Company has decided that there are no efficiencies to be gained from forming 

separate committees.

SHARE OPTIONS AND PERFORMANCE RIGHTS
—

There are no share options on issue and there was 750,000 performance rights on issue at the date of this 

report.

INDEMNIFYING OFFICERS
—

In accordance with the constitution, except as may be prohibited by the Corporations Act 2001, every officer 

of the Company shall be indemnified out of the property of the Company against any liability incurred by him 

in his capacity as officer or agent of the Company or any related corporation in respect of any act or omission 

whatsoever and howsoever occurring or in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal. The terms of 

the policy prevent disclosure of the amount of the premium payable and the level of indemnification under the 

insurance contract.

INDEMNIFYING OF AUDITORS
—

In accordance with the constitution, except as may be prohibited by the Corporations Act 2001, every officer 

To the extent permitted by law, the Company has agreed to indemnify its auditors, Grant Thornton, as part 

of the terms of its audit engagement agreement, against claims by third parties arising from the audit (for an 

unspecified amount). No payments have been made to indemnify Grant Thornton to the date of this report.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 55

Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

56

Proceedings on behalf of the Company
—

No person has applied for leave of Court to bring proceedings on behalf of the Company or intervene in any 

proceedings to which the Company is a party for the purpose of taking responsibility on behalf of the Company 

for all or any part of these proceedings.

The Company was not a party to any such proceedings during the year.

Non-audit services
—

During the year, related practices to Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd, the Company’s auditors, performed certain 

other services in addition to their statutory audit duties. The Board has considered the non-audit services 

provided during the year by the auditor and is satisfied that the provision of those non-audit services during the 

year is compatible with, and did not compromise, the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations 

Act 2001 for the following reasons:

• 

all non-audit services were subject to the corporate governance procedures adopted by the Company 

and have been reviewed by the Board of Directors to ensure they do not impact upon the impartiality and 

objectivity of the auditor 

• 

the non-audit services do not undermine the general principles relating to auditor independence as set out 

in APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, as they did not involve reviewing or auditing the 

auditor’s own work, acting in a management or decision-making capacity for the Company, acting as an 

advocate for the Company or jointly sharing risks and rewards 

The total remuneration for audit and non-audit services provided during the prior and current financial years is 

set out in note 9 of the financial statements.

56 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ Report

Auditor’s independence declaration
—

57

The lead auditor’s independence declaration for the year ended 31 December 2018 has been received and is 

attached to this Directors’ Report.

This report is made in accordance with a resolution of the directors.

James Merrillees

Managing Director 

Dated in Perth this 28th day of March 2019.

Notes

1. 

 Refer ASX announcement on the said date for full details of these exploration results. Cygnus is not aware of any new information or data 

that materially affects the information included in the said announcement.

2. 

Information on historical results from the Stanley Project, including JORC Code Table 1 information, is contained in the Independent 

Technical Assessment Report within Cygnus’ Prospectus dated 22 November 2017. Cygnus is not aware of any new information or data that 

materially affects the information included in the Prospectus.

Competent Persons Statement

The information in this announcement that relates to Exploration Results is based on information and supporting documentation compiled by Mr 

James Merrillees, a Competent Person who is a member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Merrillees is Managing Director and 

a full-time employee of Cygnus Gold and holds shares in the Company.

Mr Merrillees has sufficient experience relevant to the style of mineralisation under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify 

as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore 

Reserves”. Mr Merrillees consents to the inclusion in this announcement of the matters based on this information in the form and context in which it 

appears.

Forward Looking Statement

This report may contain certain forward-looking statements and projections regarding estimated, resources and reserves; planned production 

and operating costs profiles; planned capital requirements; and planned strategies and corporate objectives. Such forward looking statements/ 

projections are estimates for discussion purposes only and should not be relied upon. They are not guarantees of future performance and involve 

known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors many of which are beyond the control of Cygnus Gold Limited. The forward-looking 

statements/projections are inherently uncertain and may therefore differ materially from results ultimately achieved.

Cygnus Gold Limited does not make any representations and provides no warranties concerning the accuracy of the projections, and disclaims 

any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements/projects based on new information, future events or otherwise except to the 

extent required by applicable laws. While the information contained in this report has been prepared in good faith, neither Cygnus Gold or any of its 

directors, officers, agents, employees or advisors give any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the fairness, accuracy, completeness 

or correctness of the information, opinions and conclusions contained in this presentation. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, 

none of Cygnus Gold Limited, its directors, employees or agents, advisers, nor any other person accepts any liability whether direct or indirect, 

express or limited, contractual, tortuous, statutory or otherwise, in respect of, the accuracy or completeness of the information or for any of the opinions 

contained in this presentation or for any errors, omissions or misstatements or for any loss, howsoever arising, from the use of this presentation.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 57

Cygnus Gold - Auditor’s independence declaration

58

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Central Park 
Level 43 
152 - 158 St Georges Terrace 
PO Box 7757 
Perth WA 6000 

T +61 8 9480 2000 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration  

To the Directors of Cygnus Gold Limited  

In accordance with the requirements of section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001, as lead auditor for 
the audit of Cygnus Gold Limited for the year ended 31 December 2018, I declare that, to the best of my 
knowledge and belief, there have been: 

a  no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation 

to the audit; and 

b  no contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS 

P W Warr 
Partner – Audit & Assurance 

Perth, 28 March 2019 

ACN-130 913 594 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd ACN 130 913 594 a subsidiary or related entity of Grant Thornton 
Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 ‘Grant Thornton’ refers to the brand under which the Grant 
Thornton member firms provide assurance, tax and advisory services to their clients and/or refers 
to one or more member firms, as the context requires. Grant Thornton Australia Limited is a 
member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd (GTIL). GTIL and the member firms are not a 
worldwide partnership. GTIL and each member firm is a separate legal entity. Services are 
delivered by the member firms. GTIL does not provide services to clients. GTIL and its member 
firms are not agents of, and do not obligate one another and are not liable for one another’s acts or 
omissions. In the Australian context only, the use of the term ‘Grant Thornton’ may refer to Grant 
Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 and its Australian subsidiaries and related entities. 
Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. 

www.grantthornton.com.au 

58 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Auditor’s independence declaration

Consolidated a significant tenement holding for gold 

59

and base metal exploration in Western Australia

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 59

Cygnus Gold 

60

CYGNUS DIRECTORS BELIEVE THAT EFFECTIVE CORPORATE 

GOVERNANCE IMPROVES COMPANY PERFORMANCE, 

ENHANCES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND 

BENEFITS ALL STAKEHOLDERS.

60 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income  

Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income
—

For the year ended 31 December 2018

61

Revenues

Depreciation

Employee benefits expense

Exploration expense

Other expense

Share based payments

Results from operating activities

Finance income

Loss before income tax

Income tax expense

Loss after income tax for the year

Other comprehensive loss

Notes

2018
$

131,745

2017
$

-

14

(26,009)

(2,814)

(309,017)

(207,179)

(103,484)

(230,625)

16

(395,330)

(347,365)

(2,596)

-

(704,691)

(787,983)

66,572

3,262

(638,119)

(784,721)

15

-

-

(638,119)

(784,721)

-

-

Total other comprehensive loss for the year, net of tax

(638,119)

(784,721)

Loss per share attributable to equity holders of the Company:  

Basic and diluted loss per share (cents per share)

7

(1.10)

(2.69)

This statement above should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Financial Statements.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 61

Cygnus Gold - Statement of Financial Position

62

Statement of Financial Position
—

As at 31 December 2018

Notes

3

4

13

14

5

6

6.1

Assets

Current

Cash and cash equivalents

Subscriptions receivable

Trade and other receivables

Current assets

Non-current

Exploration & evaluation

Property, plant and equipment

Non-current assets

Total assets

Liabilities 

Current

Trade and other payables

Employee benefit provisions

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Employee benefit provisions

Non Current Liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity 

Share capital

Other contributed equity

Reserves

Accumulated losses

Total equity

2018
$

3,512,139

-

72,313

3,584,452

2,555,261

102,353

2,657,614

6,242,066

561,451

43,590

605,041

-

10,400

10,400

615,441

5,626,625

7,128,373

-

2,596

 (1,504,344)

5,626,625

2017
$

145,517

6,000,000

374,079

6,519,596

565,924

12,111

578,035

7,097,631

479,400

10,714

490,114

-

-

-

490,114

6,607,517

1,473,742

6,000,000

-

(866,225)

6,607,517

This statement above should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Financial Statements.  

62 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Statement of Changes in Equity

Statement of Changes in Equity
—

For the year ended 31 December 2018

63

s
s
o
l
d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
$ A

E
V
R
E
S
E
R
T
N
E
M
Y
A
P

i

d
e
t
u
b
r
t
n
o
C

D
E
S
A
B
E
R
A
H
$ S

y
t
i
u
q
E

l
a
t
o
$ T

y
t
i
u
q
e

$

s
e
t
o
N

l
a
t
i
p
a
c

e
r
a
h
S

r
e
h
t
$ O

Balance at 1 January 2017

951,242

Loss for the period

Other comprehensive loss

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owners

-

-

-

Issue of share capital

6

522,500

-

-

-

-

-

Subscriptions yet to be issued

-

6,000,000

Balance at 31 December 2017

1,473,742

6,000,000

Balance at 1 January 2018

1,473,742

6,000,000

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive loss

Total comprehensive loss

Transactions with owners

-

-

-

-

-

-

Issue of share capital

6 6,000,000

(6,000,000)

Share issue expense

(345,369)

Subscriptions issued

Share based payment expensed

-

-

Balance at 31 December 2018

7,128,373

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2,596

(81,504)

869,738

(784,721)

(784,721)

-

-

(784,721)

(784,721)

-

-

522,500

6,000,000

(866,225)

6,607,517

(866,225)

6,607,517

(638,119)

(638,119)

-

-

(638,119)

(638,119)

-

-

-

-

-

(345,369)

-

2,596

2,596 (1,504,344)

5,626,625

This statement above should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Financial Statements.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 63

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Statement of Cash Flows

64

Statement of Cash Flows
—

For the year ended 31 December 2018

Operating activities

Payments to suppliers and employees

Payments for exploration expenditure

Interest received

Other income

Notes

2018
$

(413,545)

(103,484)

 64,300 

 131,745 

2017
$

(487,015)

(217,982)

3,262

-

Net cash used in operating activities

8

(320,984)

(701,735)

Investing activities

Payments for acquisition of mining tenements 

Payments for capitalised exploration expenditure

Purchase of property plant and equipment

EIS Grant-Co-funded Exploration Drilling Program 

Funds from joint venture received in advance 

Other (investing) 

(49,626)

(2,078,860)

(116,251)

 139,149 

 158,563 

(20,000)

-

(427,777)

(14,925)

-

-

-

Net cash used in investing activities

(1,967,025)

(442,702)

Financing activities

Proceeds from share issued

6

6,000,000 

522,500

Costs of shares issued

Repayment of loan

Net cash provided by financing activities

(345,369)

-

5,654,631 

-

(11,149)

511,351

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

3,366,622

(633,087)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

145,517

778,604

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

3

3,512,139 

145,517

This statement above should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Financial Statements.  

64 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

Notes to the Financial Statements
—

65

1  Nature of operations

–

Cygnus Gold Limited’s (“Cygnus” or “the Company”) principal activities include the exploration for gold and base 

metals deposits in Western Australia.

2  General information and statement of compliance

–

The general purpose financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the requirements 

of the Corporations Act 2001, Australian Accounting Standards and other authoritative pronouncements of the 

Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB). Compliance with Australian Accounting Standards results in full 

compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting 

Standards Board (IASB). Cygnus Gold Limited is a for-profit Company for the purpose of preparing the financial 

statements.

Cygnus Gold Limited is a Company incorporated and domiciled in Australia. The address of its registered office and 

its principal place of business is Level 3, 20 Parkland Road, Osborne Park, Western Australia.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 28 March 2019.

3  Cash and cash equivalents

–

Cash at bank and on hand

Short-term deposits

Cash and cash equivalents

2018
$

2,012,139

1,500,000

3,512,139 

2017
$

145,517

-

145,517

Cash at bank earns interest at floating rates based on daily bank deposit rates. Short-term deposits are made for 

varying periods of between one day and three months, depending on the immediate cash requirements of the 

Company, and earn interest at the respective short-term deposit rates.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 65

 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

66

4  Trade and other receivables

–

Trade and other receivables

Prepayments

2018
$

51,273

21,040

72,313

2017
$

35,803

338,276

374,079

All amounts are short-term. The carrying values of trade and other receivables are considered to be a reasonable 

approximation of fair value.

5  Trade and other payables

–

Trade and other payables

Gold Road funds received in advance

2018
$

402,888

158,563

561,451

2017
$

479,400

-

479,400

All amounts are short-term. The carrying values of trade and other payables are considered to be a reasonable 

approximation of fair value

66 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

6  Equity Share capital

–

67

The share capital of Cygnus consists only of fully paid ordinary shares; the shares do not have a par value. All shares 

are equally eligible to receive dividends and the repayment of capital and represent one vote at the shareholders’ 

meeting of Cygnus.

2018
Shares

2017
Shares

2018
$

2017
$

Shares issued and fully paid:

Beginning of the year

30,683,341

25,416,675

1,473,742

951,242

Share issue

30,000,000

5,266,666

6,000,000

522,500

Share consolidation on a ratio of 1 share for 3 held

-

-

(345,369)

-

     Share issue costs

60,683,341

30,683,341

7,128,373

1,473,742

Total contributed equity at 31 December

30,683,341

25,416,675

1,473,742

951,242

Each share has the same right to receive dividend and the repayment of capital and represents one vote at the 

shareholders’ meeting of Cygnus.  

6.1 PERFORMANCE RIGHTS

–

The table below discloses the number of performance rights granted, vested or lapsed during the year. Each 

performance rights converts to one ordinary share in the Company upon satisfaction of the performance conditions 

linked to the rights. The rights do not carry any other privileges. The fair value of the performance rights granted is 

determined based on the number of rights awarded multiplied by the share price of the Company on the  

date awarded.

Management has assessed the most probable outcomes to be achieved by the expiry date and has used weighted 

probabilities to determine the value of the rights accordingly. The expense recorded as share based payments is 

recognized straight-line over the vesting period (in this case, from the award date to the expiry date).

g
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750,000

25 May 18

15 Jan 19

15 Jan 19

0.19

15 Jan 19

750,000

25 May 18

15 Jan 19

15 Jan 20

0.19

15 Jan 20

e
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Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

68

The following performance conditions are applicable to the rights awarded in the year:

Two measurement periods:

(i) 

(ii) 

Tranche 1 is the period from 15/1/18 to 15/1/2019.

Tranche 2 is the period 15/1/18 to 15/1/2020.

The vesting conditions for the Performance Rights are as follows:

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

Employment at the end of the relevant measurement period;

No fatalities on the Company’s mining tenements; and

Performance of the Company against a peer group based on Total Shareholder Return (TSR).

Cygnus’ TSR compared to the peer group will determine the proportion of Performance Rights that will vest (subject 

to the other vesting conditions being met), as set out below:

RELATIVE TSR OVER THE MEASUREMENT PERIOD

PROPORTION OF PERFORMANCE RIGHTS VESTED

Below the 50th percentile

At the 50th percentile

0%

50%

Between the 50th and the 75th percentile

Pro-rata between 50% and 100%

Above the 75th percentile

100%

Subject to the vesting criteria being met, directors will be entitled to exercise the number of Performance Rights 

vesting and be issued with a corresponding number of ordinary shares in Cygnus Gold Limited.

Note that Tranche 1 milestone were not achieved and were cancelled subsequent to 31 December 2018.

7  Loss per share

–

Both the basic and diluted loss per share have been calculated using the loss attributable to shareholders of the 

Company as the numerator (ie no adjustments to profit were necessary in 2017).  

Net loss attributable to ordinary equity holders of the Company

(638,119)

(784,721)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year used 

in calculation of basic and diluted loss per share

57,996,711

29,150,557

Basic and diluted loss per share (cents per share)

(1.10)

(2.69)

2018
$

2017
$

68 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

8  Reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities

–

69

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss for the period

Adjustments for depreciation

Share based payment expensed

Net changes in working capital:

Change in trade and other receivables

Change in employee benefits provisions

Change in trade and other payables

2018
$

2017
$

(638,119)

(784,721)

26,009

2,596

2,814

-

319,413

(28,044)

43,274

(74,157)

10,715

97,501

Net cash from operating activities

(320,984)

(701,735)

9  Auditor remuneration

–

2018
$

2017
$

Audit and review of financial statements 

Auditors of Cygnus Gold Limited - Grant Thornton Australia

27,309

27,875

Non-audit services

       Investigation accountant’s report and due diligence services

-

12,000

       Tax compliance

Total auditor’s remuneration

8,050

5,500

35,359

45,375

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 69

 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

70

10  Related party transactions  

–

The Company’s related parties include its associates and joint venture, key management, post-employment 

benefit plans for the Company’s employees and others as described below. Unless otherwise stated, none of the 

transactions incorporate special terms and conditions and no guarantees were given or received. Outstanding 

balances are usually settled in cash.

10.1  Related party transactions  

–

Names and positions of key management personnel in office at the time during the financial year:

Name  

Mr Michael Bohm 

Mr James Merrillees 

Mr Simon Jackson 

Dr Oliver Kreuzer  

Position

Non-Executive Chairman

Managing Director 

Non-Executive Director 

Non-Executive Director

Dr Amanda Buckingham 

Non-Executive Director

Mr Michael Naylor 

Company Secretary

10.2  Key management personnel remuneration

–

Aggregate compensation of key management personnel of the Company:

Short term employee benefits

Post employment benefits

Share based payments (non-cash)

2018
$

593,374

42,177

2,596

638,147

2017
$

468,047

16,345

-

484,392

Detailed information about the remuneration received by each Key Management Personnel is provided in the 

remuneration report on page 48.

70 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

10.3  Services by key management personnel

–

71

Key management of the Company are the executive members of Cygnus’s Board of Directors and members of the 

Executive Council.  All transactions with other related parties are made on normal commercial terms and conditions 

and at deemed market rates.

Mr Michael Bohm – Non-executive Chairman

Mr Michael Bohm provided corporate and project advisory services to the Company during the year.

• 

• 

2018 

2017 

-

$69,750

Dr Amanda Buckingham – Non-executive Director

Fathom Geophysics Australia Pty Ltd, a company of which Dr Amanda Buckingham is a Director, provided 

geophysical consulting services to the Company during the year. 

• 

• 

2018  

$30,563

2017  

$59,116

Dr Oliver Kreuzer – Non-executive Director

Corporate Geoscience Group, a company of which Dr Oliver Kreuzer is the Managing Partner and Principal 

Consultant, provided geological consulting services to the Company during the period. 

• 

• 

2018  

$28,850

2017  

$102,000

Michael Naylor – Company Secretary

Blue Leaf Corporate Pty Ltd, a company of which Mr Naylor is a Director, provided company secretarial and financial 

management services to the Company during the year. Amount owing at 31 December 2018, $7,500 and at 31 

December 2017 $5,000. 

• 

• 

2018  

$90,000

2017 

$60,000

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

72

11  Financial instrument risk 

–

Loans and receivables

Loans

Trade payables and accruals

2018
$

-

479,400

2017
$

11,149

54,786

Risks associated with market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk are not considered material with respect to the  

above items.  

Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk arises from the possibility that the Company might encounter difficulty in settling its debts or otherwise 

meeting its obligations related to financial liabilities.

The Company manages liquidity risk by monitoring forecast cash flows, only investing surplus cash with major 

financial institutions; and comparing the maturity profile of financial liabilities with the realisation profile of  

financial assets.

The Board meets on a regular basis to analyse financial risk exposure and evaluate treasury management strategies 

in the context of the most recent economic conditions and forecasts. The Board’s overall risk management strategy 

seeks to assist the Company in managing its cash flows. Financial liabilities are expected to be settled within  

12 months.

Notes

5

5

Carrying 
Amount $

Contractual 
Cash Flows $

561,451

479,400

561,451

479,400

6 Months
or less $

561,451

479,400

2018 Trade and other payables

2017 Trade and other payables

Market Risk

Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates and interest rates will affect the 

Company’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments.  The objective of market risk management is 

to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while optimising the return. 

Currency Risk

The Company is not exposed to significant foreign currency risk on transactions that are denominated in a currency 

other than the respective functional currencies of the Company entities being the Australian Dollar (AUD).

Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to the Company’s cash.  

Cash includes funds held in term deposits and cheque accounts during the year, which earned variable interest at 

rates ranging between 1.05% and 2.5% (2017: 1.05 % and 2.65%), depending on the bank account type and  

account balances.

The Company has no loans or borrowings.

72 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

At the reporting date the interest rate sensitivity for the Company interest-bearing financial instrument was:

73

Carrying Amount
31 December 2018
$

Carrying Amount
31 December 2017 
$

Variable rate financial assets

3,532,140

145,517

A change of 100 basis points in the interest rates at the end of the reporting period would have increased 

(decreased) profit and loss by the amounts shown below. The analysis assumes that all other variables remain 

constant. This analysis is performed on the same basis for 2018.

100bp increase

100bp increase

3,532

3,532

145

145

Capital management policies and procedures

The Company’s capital management objectives are:

• to ensure the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern; and

• to provide an adequate return to shareholders.

The Company monitors capital on the basis of the carrying amount of equity less cash and cash equivalents 

as presented on the face of the Statement of Financial Position recognised in other comprehensive income. 

Management assesses the Company’s capital requirements in order to maintain an efficient overall financing 

structure while avoiding excessive leverage. The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to 

it in the light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets.

In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the amount of dividends paid to 

shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares, or sell assets to reduce debt.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 73

Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

74

12  Commitments and contingent assets and liabilities

–

Due to the nature of the Company’s operations in exploring and evaluating areas of interest, it is difficult to 

accurately forecast the nature or amount of future expenditure, although it will be necessary to incur expenditure in 

order to retain present interests in mineral tenements.

Annual rent on exploration licenses held by the Company are $139,536 (2017: $100,098) with a minimum exploration 

commitment of $1,026,000 (2017:$761,000) per annum. Annual rent on exploration licenses held under joint 

venture arrangements are $190,808 (2017: $35,224) with a minimum exploration commitment of $1,802,000 (2017: 

$273,000) per annum . The Company is not aware of any other contingent commitments.

13  Exploration and evaluation

–

Opening balance

Expenditure incurred during the year

Closing balance

14  Property, plant and equipment

–

Assets at cost

Accumulated depreciation

Carrying value 31 December 

2018
$

565,924

1,989,337

2,555,261

2018 
$

131,176

(28,823)

102,353

2017
$

65,047

500,877

565,924

2017 
$

14,925

(2,814)

12,111

Movement in the carrying amounts for each class of property, plant and equipment between the beginning and the 

end of the current year, is as follows:

IT equipment
$

Software & 
communications
$

Motor vehicles
$

Total
$

Balance at 1 January 2018

Additions

Depreciation expense

Balance at 31 December 2018

12,111

28,721

(14,787)

26,045

-

26,236

(6,004)

20,232

-

12,111

61,294

116,251

(5,218)

(26,009)

56,075

102,353

74 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

15  Income tax expense

–

75

The major components of tax expense and the reconciliation of the expected tax expense based on the domestic 

effective tax rate is at 27.5% (2017: 27.5%) and the reported tax expense in profit or loss are as follows:

Accounting loss before tax

2018
$

2017
$

638,119

784,721

At Australia’s statutory income tax rate of 27.5% (2017: 27.5%)

(175,483)

215,798

Deferred tax asset not recognised

Income tax expense attributable to entity

Deferred income tax at balance date relates to the following:

Deferred tax assets

Accrued expenditure

Capital raising cost

Tax losses 

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Exploration and evaluation assets

Total deferred tax liability 

175,483

(215,798)

-

-

9,659

10,313

32,800

32,800

1,032,948

342,360

1,075,408

385,743

702,697

155,629

702,697

155,629

Deferred tax asset recognised to offset deferred tax liability

(702,697)

(155,629)

Net deferred tax asset not brought to account   

372,711

230,114

Total tax losses not used against deferred tax liabilities for which no 

deferred tax asset has been recognised (not tax effected) 

3,875,448

1,364,219

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 75

 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

76

16  Other expenses

–

Corporate expenses

Occupancy

Travel and accommodation

17  Operating segments

–

2018
$

337,646

48,456

9,228

395,330

2017
$

313,320

23,463

10,582

347,365

The Company has identified its operating segments based on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the 

directors (chief operating decision makers) in assessing performance and determining the allocation of resources.

The company operates in one segment being Exploration and Evaluation of Minerals in Western Australia.

18  OPERATING LEASES AS LESSEE

–

The company leases office space under an operating lease. The future minimum lease payments are as follows:

Within 1 year
$

1 to 5 years
$

After 5 years 
$  

31 December 2018

31 December 2017

49,414

34,468

207,502

149,445

-

-

Total
$

255,916

183,913

Lease expense during the period amount to $47,858 (2017: $20,106) representing minimum lease payments. The 

lease agreement commenced on 1 July 2017 and has an initial term of 3 years expiring 29 June 2020 at which point 

an option for renewal for a further term of 2 years to 29 June 2022 exists.

19  POST-REPORTING DATE EVENTS

–

There are no matters or circumstances that have arisen since the end of the year that have significantly affected or 

may significantly affect either:

• the Company’s operations in future financial years

• the results of those operations in future financial years; or

• the Company’s state of affairs in future financial years.

76 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

20   Changes in accounting policies

–

77

20.1  Accounting Standards issued but not yet effective and not being adopted early by  

the Company
–
Several amendments and interpretations apply for the first time in 2018, but do not have an impact on the 

consolidated financial statements of the Company. The Company has not early adopted any standards, 

interpretations or amendments that have been issued but are not yet effective.

New standards adopted in the period

During the year, there were two significant accounting standards adopted by the Company:

AASB 15 Revenue from contracts with customers

AASB 15 replaces AASB 118 Revenue, AASB 111 Construction Contracts and several revenue-related 

Interpretations. The new Standard has been applied as at 1 July 2018 with no adjustment to opening retained 

earnings required as the Company had yet to derive material revenue until the current period.

AASB 9 Financial Instruments

AASB 9 Financial Instruments replaces AASB 139 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. It 

makes major changes to the previous guidance on the classification and measurement of financial assets 

and introduces an ‘expected credit loss’ model for impairment of financial assets. AASB 9 also  

contains new requirements on the application of hedge accounting.

The Company has adopted the standard in this period but does not have any financial instruments of which 

are impacted by the adoption. Thus, there has been no adjustment to opening retained earnings as at 1 July 

2018. Given that the Company does not have any material financial instruments that are impacted by the 

adoption of the standard, the Company has not disclosed significant accounting policies with respect to 

balances impacted by this standard.

Standard not yet effective this period

The following standard not yet effective is considered to be applicable to the Company’s balances and 

transactions:

AASB 16 Leases

Nature of change

AASB 16 requires lessees to account for all leases under a single on-balance sheet model. The standard 

includes two recognition exemptions for lessees – leases of ’low-value’ assets (e.g., personal computers) and 

short-term leases (i.e., leases with a lease term of 12 months or less). At the commencement date of a lease, 

a lessee will recognise a liability to make lease payments (i.e., the lease liability) and an asset representing the 

right to use the underlying asset during the lease term (i.e., the right-of-use asset). 

Lessees will be required to separately recognise the interest expense on the lease liability and the 

depreciation expense on the right-of-use asset. 

Lessees will be required to remeasure the lease liability upon the occurrence of certain events (e.g., a change 

in the lease term, a change in future lease payments resulting from a change in an index or rate used to 

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

78

determine those payments). The lessee will generally recognise the amount of the remeasurement of  

the lease liability as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset. 

Application date 

Annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2019. 

Impact on initial application 

Based on an initial impact assessment, the new accounting standard is not expected to impact the Company 

as it currently does not have any significant operating or finance leases. 

Likely impact on initial application

The Company is yet to undertake a detailed assessment of the impact of AASB 16. However, based on the 

entity’s preliminary assessment, the likely impact on the first time adoption of the Standard for the year 

ending 31 December 2019 includes:

• 

• 

there will be a significant increase in lease assets and financial liabilities recognised on the balance sheet 

the reported equity will reduce as the carrying amount of lease assets will reduce more quickly than the 

carrying amount of lease liabilities 

• 

EBIT in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income will be higher as the implicit 

interest in lease payments for former off balance sheet leases will be presented as part of finance costs 

rather than being included in operating expenses 

• 

operating cash outflows will be lower and financing cash flows will be higher in the statement of cash 

flows as principal repayments on all lease liabilities will now be included in financing activities rather 

than operating activities. Interest can also be included within financing activities

78 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

20.2  FUNCTIONAL AND PRESENTATION CURRENCY 

–

79

The functional currency of Company is measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in 

which that entity operates. The financial statements are presented in Australian dollars which is the parent entity’s 

functional and presentation currency. 

20.3  OPERATING EXPENSES

–

Operating expenses are recognised in profit or loss upon utilisation of the service or at the date of their origin. 

Expenditure for warranties is recognised and charged against the associated provision when the related revenue is 

recognised.

20.4  Financial instruments

–

Recognition, Initial Measurement and Derecognition

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual 

provisions of the financial instrument. The company has only non-complex financial instruments that are 

summarised in notes (3), (5) and (6) of the financial report, the details of which are as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash at bank or on hand and short-term deposits (being those with an original maturity date of less than 3 months).

Trade and other receivables

•  net GST amounts owing from the tax authorities; and

•  accrued interest from cash in bank and term deposits.

Prepayments

General prepayments such as prepaid insurance.

Trade and other payables

•  PAYG amounts withheld from employee wages and owing to the tax authorities;

•  Superannuation amounts owed to the tax authorities; and

•  Trade creditors and accruals for services performed by suppliers and vendors of the Company.

Gold Road funds received in advance

As at balance date, the Company was provided funds to be spent under the terms and conditions of a JV 

agreement. These amounts give rise to a liability as the Company is obligated to spend the funds under their  

JV contract.

The financial assets and financial liabilities above are measured at amortised cost. The financial assets are 

derecognised when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when the financial 

asset and all substantial risks and rewards are transferred. A financial liability is derecognised when it is extinguished, 

discharged, cancelled or expires. These events occur within 12-months of balance date.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 79

 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

80

20.5  LOANS AND RECEIVABLES

–

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in 

an active market. After initial recognition, these are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, 

less provision for impairment. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company’s 

trade and most other receivables fall into this category of financial instruments.

Individually significant receivables are considered for impairment when they are past due or when other objective 

evidence is received that a specific counterparty will default. Receivables that are not considered to be individually 

impaired are reviewed for impairment in companies, which are determined by reference to the industry and region 

of a counterparty and other shared credit risk characteristics. The impairment loss estimate is then based on recent 

historical counterparty default rates for each identified Company.

Classification and subsequent measurement of financial liabilities The Company’s financial liabilities include trade 

and other payables.

Financial liabilities are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

20.6 

Income taxes
–

Tax expense recognised in profit or loss comprises the sum of deferred tax and current tax not recognised in other 

comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current income tax assets and/or liabilities comprise those obligations to, or claims from, the Australian Taxation 

Office (‘ATO’) and other fiscal authorities relating to the current or prior reporting periods that are unpaid at the 

reporting date. Current tax is payable on taxable profit, which differs from profit or loss in the financial statements. 

Calculation of current tax is based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the 

end of the reporting period.

Deferred income taxes are calculated using the liability method on temporary differences between the carrying 

amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. However, deferred tax is not provided on the initial recognition 

of goodwill or on the initial recognition of an asset or liability unless the related transaction is a business 

combination or affects tax or accounting profit. Deferred tax on temporary differences associated with investments 

in subsidiaries and joint ventures is not provided if reversal of these temporary differences can be controlled by the 

Company and it is probable that reversal will not occur in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated, without discounting, at tax rates that are expected to apply to their 

respective period of realisation, provided they are enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting 

period.

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be able to be utilised against future 

taxable income, based on the Company’s forecast of future operating results which is adjusted for significant non-

taxable income and expenses and specific limits to the use of any unused tax loss or credit. Deferred tax liabilities 

are always provided for in full. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only when the Company has a right and 

intention to set off current tax assets and liabilities from the same taxation authority.

Changes in deferred tax assets or liabilities are recognised as a component of tax income or expense in profit or 

loss, except where they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income (such as the revaluation 

of land) or directly in equity, in which case the related deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive 

income or equity, respectively.

80 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

20.7  Cash and cash equivalents

–

81

Cash and short-term deposits in the statement of financial position comprise cash at banks and on hand and short-

term deposits with a maturity of three months or less, which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. 

For the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and short-

term deposits, as defined above, are considered an integral part of the Company’s cash management. 

20.8  Equity and reserves 

–

Share capital represents the fair value of shares that have been issued. Any transaction costs associated with the 

issuing of shares are deducted from share capital, net of any related income tax benefits.

Retained earnings include all current and prior period retained profits.

The company maintains a share base payments reserve which accumulates the value recognised as a result of share 

based awards issued to employees or contractors for services rendered. Where amounts have accumulated in the 

reserve and the underlying instruments expire, amounts are transferred from the reserve to retained earnings. Where 

amounts have accumulated in the reserve and the underlying instruments have vested or been exercised, amounts 

are transferred from the reserve to share capital.

20.9  Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets

– 

Provisions for product warranties, legal disputes, onerous contracts or other claims are recognised when the 

Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of 

economic resources will be required from the Company and amounts can be estimated reliably. Timing or amount 

of the outflow may still be uncertain.

Restructuring provisions are recognised only if a detailed formal plan for the restructuring has been developed and 

implemented, or management has at least announced the plan’s main features to those affected by it. Provisions are 

not recognised for future operating losses.

Provisions are measured at the estimated expenditure required to settle the present obligation, based on the 

most reliable evidence available at the reporting date, including the risks and uncertainties associated with the 

present obligation. Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required 

in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. Provisions are discounted to their 

present values, where the time value of money is material.

Any reimbursement that the Company can be virtually certain to collect from a third party with respect to the 

obligation is recognised as a separate asset. However, this asset may not exceed the amount of the related 

provision.

No liability is recognised if an outflow of economic resources as a result of present obligation is not probable. Such 

situations are disclosed as contingent liabilities, unless the outflow of resources is remote in which case no liability is 

recognised.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 81

 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

82

20.10  Exploration and Development expenditure

– 

Exploration, evaluation and development expenditures incurred are capitalised in respect of each identifiable 

area of interest. These costs are only capitalised to the extent that they are expected to be recovered through 

the successful development of the area or where activities in the area have not yet reached a stage that permits 

reasonable assessment of the existence of economically recoverable reserves.

Accumulated costs in relation to an abandoned area are written off in full against profit in the year in which the 

decision to abandon the area is made.

When production commences, the accumulated costs for the relevant area of interest are amortised over the life of 

the area according to the rate of depletion of the economically recoverable reserves.

A regular review is undertaken of each area of interest to determine the appropriateness of continuing to capitalise 

costs in relation to that area of interest.

Costs of site restoration are provided over the life of the project from when exploration commences and are 

included in the costs of that stage. Site restoration costs include the dismantling and removal of mining plant, 

equipment and building structures, waste removal, and rehabilitation of the site in accordance with local laws and 

regulations and clauses of permits. Such costs have been determined using estimates of future costs, current legal 

requirements and technology on an undiscounted basis.

Any changes in the estimates for the costs are accounted on a prospective basis. In determining the costs of site 

restoration, there is uncertainty regarding the nature and extent of the restoration due to community expectations 

and future legislation. Accordingly, the costs have been determined on the basis that the restoration will be 

completed within one year of abandoning the site.

20.11  Goods and Services Tax (GST)
–
Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of GST, except where the amount of GST 

incurred is not recoverable from the Tax Office. In these circumstances the GST is recognised as part of the cost of 

acquisition of the asset or as part of an item of the expense. Receivables and payables in the Statement of Financial 

Position are shown inclusive of GST.

Cash flows are presented in the statement of cash flows on a gross basis, except for the GST components of 

investing and financing activities, which are disclosed as operating cash flows.

20.12  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS  

–

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and 

assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income 

and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

In preparing this Annual Financial Report, the significant judgements and estimates made by management in 

applying the Entity’s accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty are detailed below. 

82 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

Critical Estimates

Exploration and Evaluation Expenditure - Impairment

83

Determining the recoverability of exploration and evaluation expenditure capitalised in accordance with the 

Company’s accounting policy requires estimates and assumptions as to future events and circumstances, in 

particular, whether successful development and commercial exploitation, or alternatively sale, of the respective 

areas of interest will be achieved. Critical to this assessment is estimates and assumptions as to the presence of 

mineral reserves, timing of expected cash flows, exchange rates, commodity prices and future capital requirements. 

Changes in these estimates and assumptions as new information about the presence or recoverability of a mineral 

reserve becomes available, may impact the assessment of the recoverable amount of exploration and evaluation 

assets. If, after having capitalised the expenditure a judgement is made that recovery of the expenditure is unlikely, 

an impairment loss is recorded in the consolidated statement profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

Performance Rights

The Company makes judgments around the value of awarded performance rights based on the historical 

performance of the company as the vesting conditions are linked to peer group comparison via Total Shareholder 

Returns (TSR). Management determines the total value of the award based on weighted probabilities of the vesting 

criteria being achieved. In addition to historical performance compared to its peers, management further considers 

how the Company is tracking towards the vesting criteria based on subsequent performance with reference to 

subsequent events up to balance date as well as any other expected improvements in the share price based on 

operational knowledge. 

Critical Judgments

Exploration and Evaluation Expenditure

The entity capitalises expenditure relating to exploration and evaluation where it is considered likely to be 

recoverable or where the activities have not reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of the 

existence of reserves. While there are certain areas of interest from which no reserves have been extracted, the 

directors are of the continued belief that such expenditure should not be written off since feasibility studies in such 

areas have not yet been conducted.

20.13  GOING CONCERN   

–

The Company has incurred a net loss of $638,119 (2017: $784,721) during the year and the cash outflows from 

operating activities equates to $320,984 (2017: $701,735).

The financial statements have been prepared on the basis of going concern which contemplates continuity of 

normal business activities and the realisation of assets and settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. 

The Directors consider this to be appropriate given the ability to manage the Company’s cost structure and in turn 

the levels of cash outflow dependent on timing of its exploration activities.

Taking into account the current cash reserves and successful fund raising from the Initial Public Offering completed 

in January 2018 of $6,000,000 before cost, the Directors are confident the Company has adequate resources to 

continue as a going concern for the foreseeable future.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 83

 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

84

20.14  EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

–

Wages and salaries and annual leave:

Short-term employee benefits are benefits, other than termination benefits, that are expected to be settled wholly 

within 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the related service. Examples of such 

benefits include wages and salaries, non-monetary benefits and accumulating sick leave. Short-term employee 

benefits are measured at the undiscounted amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities are settled.

20.15  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 

–

Recognition and Measurement

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Costs include expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the asset.

Subsequent Costs

Subsequent expenditure is only capitalised when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with 

the expenditure will flow to the Company.

Ongoing repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.

Depreciation

Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of 

an item of property, plant and equipment. The expected useful lives in the current and comparative period are as 

follows:

IT equipment  

Plant and equipment 

Motor vehicle  

2 – 3 years

2 – 3 years

5 years

The estimated useful lives, depreciation methods and residual values are reviewed at the end of each 

reporting period.

84 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

20.16  SHARE BASED PAYMENTS

–

85

The Company operates equity-settled share-based remuneration plans for its employees. None of the Company’s 

plans feature any options for a cash settlement.

All goods and services received in exchange for the grant of any share-based payment are measured at their fair 

values. Where employees are rewarded using share-based payments, the fair values of employees’ services are 

determined indirectly by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments granted. This fair value is appraised at 

the grant date and excludes the impact of non-market vesting conditions (for example profitability and sales growth 

targets and performance conditions). 

All share-based remuneration is ultimately recognised as an expense in profit or loss with a corresponding credit 

to share option reserve. Where vesting periods exist, the total expense is recognised straight-line over the vesting 

period. Where vesting conditions are non-market based, the expense is based on the best available estimate of 

the number of instruments expected to vest. Where the vesting conditions are market based, the company uses a 

pricing model to determine fair value of each instrument.

However, in the case of the performance rights issued in the current period as outlined in Note (6.1), the Company 

has not utilised a pricing model given the nature of the vesting conditions and how they are interdependent on the 

performance of a peer group which is represented by a significant number of ASX listed companies. In this case, the 

use of a pricing model is not considered practical or commercial. The total value of the rights is determined, rather, 

based on management’s estimates and judgments that uses a weighted probability to determine the most likely 

outcome of performance rights that will vest which is then multiplied by the fair value of each instrument (i.e. the 

share price of the Company) on the date of granting.

20.17  REVENUE  
–

Revenue arises from a management fee derived from the Company’s facilitation of exploration and evaluation 

activities on behalf of its joint venture / earn-in Partner. The fee is derived as a percentage of amounts received from 

the JV partner and expended on the tenements of which the two partners are exploring. To determine whether to 

recognise revenue, the Company follows a 5-step process:

1. 

Identifying the contract with a customer

2. 

Identifying the performance obligations

3.  Determining the transaction price

4.  Allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations

5.  Recognising revenue when/as performance obligation(s) are satisfied.

For the management fee, revenue is recognised on an accruals basis at a point in time, which is defined as the 

moment in which the company spends the JV partner’s contributions to the earn-in arrangement and thus is entitled 

to the management fee that attaches to the expenditure.

Interest revenue is reported on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.

All revenue is stated net of any applicable goods and services tax (GST).

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 85

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Notes to the Financial Statements

86

20.18  JOINT OPERATIONS

–

A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to 

the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement. The Company has recognised its share of 

jointly held assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of joint operations.

A joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to 

the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement. The Company has recognised its share of 

jointly held assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of joint operations.

The Company currently has three joint operations with the listed ASX company Gold Road Resources Limited (“Gold 

Road”) as follows:

1.  

2. 

The Lake Grace Project 

The Wadderin Project

For both of these projects, Cygnus owns 100% of the tenement rights and Gold Road can earn-in to a maximum 

of 75% of interest in the tenements. In order to do so, Gold Road must spend as much as $3.7M over the four year 

period from the commencement of the operation in October 2017. 

In each of these cases, Cygnus receives cash calls from Gold Road and manages the exploration and evaluation 

activity at their discretion, deriving a management fee of 10% of the expenditure that has spent from Gold Road 

funds. Given the accounting policies noted above, none of the amounts spent by Cygnus on behalf of Gold Road 

are included in the exploration and evaluation asset on the Statement of Financial Position. The Company only 

capitalises qualifying expenditure on the projects as exploration and evaluation asset where it is the Company’s  

cash used.

As at 31 December 2018, Gold Road had provided Cygnus with $158,563 (2017: nil) of cash that was spent post year-

end on the projects. This balance appears as a liability in Trade and other payables. See Note (5).

3. 

The Yandina Joint Venture

In this joint operation, Gold Road is to hold 75% of the tenement rights and the Company’s share is to be 25%. The 

rights of tenure over these tenements were granted during the year as such expenditure is incurred is capitalised as 

exploration and evaluation asset. Expenditure incurred prior to rights over tenure was expensed. 

20.19  GOVERNMENT GRANTS  

–

The company receives government grants for qualifying exploration and evaluation activity. The amounts are paid in 

arrears as a reimbursement. All expenditures incurred by the Company that are covered by the grant are capitalized 

exploration and evaluation expenditure. For this reason, the company applies the grant amounts received as an off-

set against its evaluation and exploration asset balance on the Statement of Financial Position. In the current period, 

this treatment occurred for the EIS Grant - a co-funded exploration drilling program - totalling to $139,149 (2017: nil).

86 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Directors’ declaration

87

Directors’ Declaration
—

1. 

In the opinion of the Directors of Cygnus Gold Limited:

a 

The financial statements and notes of Cygnus Gold Limited are in accordance with the Corporations Act  

2001, including:

i 

ii 

Giving a true and fair view of its financial position as at 31 December 2018 and of its performance  

for the year ended on that date; and

Complying with Australian Accounting Standards (including the Australian Accounting   

Interpretations) and the Corporations Regulations 2001; and

b 

There are reasonable grounds to believe that Cygnus Gold Limited will be able to pay its debts as and when  

they become due and payable.

2.  The directors have been given the declarations required by Section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001 from the  

  Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer for the year ended 31 December 2018.

3.  Note 2 confirms that the financial statements also comply with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Signed in accordance with a resolution of the directors:

James Merrillees

Managing Director

Perth, 28 March 2019

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Independent Auditor’s Report

88

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Central Park 
Level 43 
152 - 158 St Georges Terrace 
PO Box 7757 
Perth WA 6000 

T +61 8 9480 2000 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Members of Cygnus Gold Limited  

Report on the audit of the financial report 

Opinion  

We have audited the financial report of Cygnus Gold Limited (the Company), which comprises the 
statement of financial position as at 31 December 2018, the statement of profit or loss and other 
comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows for the year then 
ended, and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies, and 
the Directors’ declaration.  

In our opinion, the accompanying financial report of the Company is in accordance with the Corporations 
Act 2001, including: 

a  giving a true and fair view of the Company’s financial position as at 31 December 2018 and of its 

financial performance for the year then ended; and  

b  complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001. 

Basis for Opinion  

We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under 
those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial 
Report section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the auditor 
independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the 
Accounting Professional and Ethical Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional 
Accountants (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also 
fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code. We believe that the audit evidence 
we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

ACN-130 913 594 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd ACN 130 913 594 a subsidiary or related entity of Grant Thornton 
Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 ‘Grant Thornton’ refers to the brand under which the Grant 
Thornton member firms provide assurance, tax and advisory services to their clients and/or refers 
to one or more member firms, as the context requires. Grant Thornton Australia Limited is a 
member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd (GTIL). GTIL and the member firms are not a 
worldwide partnership. GTIL and each member firm is a separate legal entity. Services are 
delivered by the member firms. GTIL does not provide services to clients. GTIL and its member 
firms are not agents of, and do not obligate one another and are not liable for one another’s acts or 
omissions. In the Australian context only, the use of the term ‘Grant Thornton’ may refer to Grant 
Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 and its Australian subsidiaries and related entities. 
Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards Legislation. 

www.grantthornton.com.au 

88 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Independent Auditor’s Report

89

Key Audit Matters  

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our 
audit of the financial report of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our 
audit of the financial report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a 
separate opinion on these matters.  

We have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our 
report. 

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Exploration and Evaluation Assets 
Note 13, 20.10 & 20.11 

At 31 December 2018 the carrying value of Exploration 
and Evaluation Assets was $2,555,261.   

In accordance with AASB 6 Exploration for and 
Evaluation of Mineral Resources, the Company is 
required to assess at each reporting date if there are 
any triggers for impairment which may suggest the 
carrying value is in excess of the recoverable value. 

The process undertaken by management to assess 
whether there are any impairment triggers in each area 
of interest involves an element of management 
judgement.  

This area is a key audit matter due to the significant 
judgement involved in determining the existence of 
impairment triggers.   

Our procedures included, amongst others: 

 

 

 

obtaining the management reconciliation of 
capitalised exploration and evaluation 
expenditure and agreeing to the general ledger; 
reviewing management’s area of interest 
considerations against AASB 6; 
conducting a detailed review of management’s 
assessment of trigger events prepared in 
accordance with AASB 6 including;  
 

 

 

tracing projects to statutory registers, 
exploration licenses and third party 
confirmations to determine whether a 
right of tenure existed; 
enquiry of management regarding their 
intentions to carry out exploration and 
evaluation activity in the relevant 
exploration area, including review of 
management’s budgeted expenditure; 
understanding whether any data exists to 
suggest that the carrying value of these 
exploration and evaluation assets are 
unlikely to be recovered through 
development or sale; and 

 

assessing the appropriateness of the related 
financial statement disclosures. 

Information Other than the Financial Report and Auditor’s Report Thereon 

The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information 
included in the Company’s annual report for the year ended 31 December 2018, but does not include the 
financial report and our auditor’s report thereon.  

Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and accordingly we do not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial report or 
our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.  

Responsibilities of the Directors for the Financial Report  

The Directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true 
and fair view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for 
such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial 
report that gives a true and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error.  

In preparing the financial report, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to 
cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

© 2019 Grant Thornton Australia Limited.  

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 89

 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Independent Auditor’s Report

90

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report  

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes 
our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit 
conducted in accordance with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, 
individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions 
of users taken on the basis of this financial report.  

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial report is located at the Auditing 
and Assurance Standards Board website at: http://www.auasb.gov.au/auditors_responsibilities/ar1.pdf. 
This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Report on the Remuneration Report 

Opinion on the Remuneration Report 

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 43 to 54 of the directors’ report for the 
year ended 31 December 2018.  

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Cygnus Gold Limited, for the year ended 31 December 2018, 
complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001.  

Responsibilities 

The Directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration 
Report in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian 
Auditing Standards.  

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS 

P W Warr 
Partner – Audit & Assurance 

Perth, 28 March 2019 

90 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

© 2019 Grant Thornton Australia Limited.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cygnus Gold - Additional shareholder information as at 7 March 2019

Top 20 holders of ordinary shares
–
In accordance with ASX Listing Rule 4.10, the following information is provided as at 7 March 2019.

91

 Rank

Name

Units

% of issued 
capital

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

Merrill Lynch (Australia) Nominees Pty Limited

Southern Cross Capital Pty Ltd

Resource Capital Fund VI L.P.

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

Ms Charmaine Linda Lobo 

Mr Alan Frank Cleland

Southern Cross Capital Pty Ltd

Mr Oliver Pierre Kreuzer

Fathom Geophysics Australia Pty Ltd

Insurgent Metals Pty Ltd

Dale Park Pty Ltd 

Equity Trustees Limited 

Sargon CT Pty Ltd 

Eastern Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd

BNP Paribas Nominees Pty Ltd 

Mr Robert Angus Castle Stuart

Jetosea Pty Ltd

Ms Sarah June McAlpine

Mr Michael Dylan Naylor & Ms Sarah McAlpine 

20

Cumbak Pty Ltd 

5,000,000

5,000,000

4,166,667

3,750,000

3,170,001

3,000,001

2,500,000

1,833,334

1,666,667

1,666,667

1,333,334

1,099,399

1,065,533

1,000,000

675,001

666,667

521,173

520,000

470,000

460,000

8.24

8.24

6.87

6.18

5.22

4.94

4.12

3.02

2.75

2.75

2.20

1.81

1.76

1.65

1.11

1.10

0.86

0.86

0.77

0.76

Total

39,364,444

64.88

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 91

Cygnus Gold - Additional shareholder information as at 7 March 2019

92

Range of shares
–

Range

Total holders

Units

% of issued capital

11

60

50

305

61

487

2,478

180,982

448,462

12,306,046

47,745,373

0.00

0.30

0.74

20.28

78.68

60,683,341

100.00

Units

% of issued capital

9,166,664

7,500,000

3,750,000

3,170,001

3,170,001

15.11

12.36

6.18

5.22

5.22

1 - 1,000

1,001 - 5,000

5,001 - 10,000

10,001 - 100,000

100,001 Over

Total

Substantial Holders 
–

Range

Resource Capital Fund VI L.P.

Southern Cross Capital Pty Ltd

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

Mr Alan Frank Cleland

Ms Charmaine Linda Lobo

92 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Additional shareholder information as at 7 March 2019

Unmarketable Parcels
–
There were 85 shareholders with less than a marketable parcel of shares, based on the closing price $0.056

93

Restricted Securities
– 
There are 15,577,088 ordinary shares escrowed until 15 January 2020.

Voting Rights
– 
In accordance with the Company’s constitution, on a show of hands every member present in person or by proxy or 

attorney or duly appointed representative has one vote. On a poll every member present or by proxy or attorney or 

duly authorised representative has one vote for every fully paid share held. 

ASX Listing Rule 4.10.19
– 
In accordance with Listing Rule 4.10.19, the company states that it has used the cash and assets in a form readily 

convertible to cash that it had at the time of admission in a way consistent with its business objectives. The business 

objective is primarily mineral exploration.

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 93

Cygnus Gold - Additional shareholder information as at 7 March 2019

94

Schedule of tenements 
–
A listing of the Entity’s tenements:

Tenement

Location

Registered Owner

% OF OWNERSHIP

E70/4787

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4854

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4910

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4912

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4952

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4988

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/4992

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/5050

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/5131

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/5137

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/5168

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E70/5169

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

E70/5196

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

Pending, 100%

E77/2405

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

E77/2463

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%

100%

E77/2464

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

Pending, 100%

Wadderin Earn-In Project

E70/4911

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/4939

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/4989

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/4990

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/5018

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/5019

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/5020

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

94 // Cygnus Gold Limited  - Annual Report 2018

Cygnus Gold - Additional shareholder information as at 7 March 2019

95

Lake Grace Earn-In Project

E70/4853

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/4855

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/4991

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/5017

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

100%, diluting to 25%

E70/5188

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited

Pending 100%, diluting to 25%

Yandina Joint Venture Project

E70/5098

Western Australia

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

E70/5099

Western Australia

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

E70/5100

Western Australia

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

E70/5101

Western Australia

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

E70/5098

Western Australia

Gold Road (Projects) Pty Ltd

25%

25%

25%

25%

25%

HYDEN JOINT VENTURE PROJECT

E70/5230

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited, Gold Road 
(Projects) Pty Ltd

Pending 25%

E70/5231

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited, Gold Road 
(Projects) Pty Ltd

Pending 25%

E70/5232

Western Australia

Cygnus Gold Limited, Gold Road 
(Projects) Pty Ltd 

Pending 25%

Annual Report 2018  -  Cygnus Gold Limited  // 95

Cygnus Gold Limited 
Level 3, 20 Parkland Road,  

Osborne Park, Perth,  

WA 6017, Australia

+61 (0)8 9489 2680 

info@cygnusgold.com

www.cygnusgold.com

ASX : CY5