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FY2020 Annual Report · Faron
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Annual Report
2020

LEADING THE WAY IN
BREAKTHROUGH
IMMUNE THERAPIES

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Faron Pharmaceuticals in brief

Faron (AIM: FARN, First North: FARON) is a clinical stage 
biopharmaceutical company developing novel treatments 
for medical conditions with significant unmet needs caused 
by  dysfunction  of  our  immune  system.  The  Company 
currently  has  a  pipeline  based  on  the  receptors  involved 
in  regulation  of  immune  response  in  oncology,  organ 
damage  and  bone  marrow  regeneration.  Bexmarilimab,  a 
novel anti-Clever-1 humanised antibody, is its investigative 
precision  immunotherapy  with  the  potential  to  provide 
permanent 
for  difficult-to-treat 
cancers  through  targeting  myeloid  function.  Currently  in 
phase I/II clinical development as a potential therapy for 
patients with untreatable solid tumours, bexmarilimab has 

immune  stimulation 

potential as a single-agent therapy or in combination with 
other standard treatments including immune checkpoint 
molecules.  Traumakine  is  an  investigational  intravenous 
(IV)  interferon  beta-1a  therapy  for  the  treatment  of 
acute  respiratory  distress  syndrome  (ARDS)  and  other 
ischemic  or  hyperinflammatory  conditions.  Traumakine 
is currently being evaluated in global trials as a potential 
treatment  for  hospitalised  patients  with  COVID-19  and 
with  the  59th  Medical  Wing  of  the  US  Air  Force  and  the 
US Department of Defense for the prevention of multiple 
organ  dysfunction  syndrome  (MODS)  after  ischemia-
reperfusion  injury  caused  by  a  major  trauma.    Faron  is 
based in Turku, Finland.  

The past year has been one of the most 
significant in Faron’s history, with rapid
expansion of our clinical development
programme for bexmarilimab, our novel
Clever-1 targeting precision immunotherapy. 
I’d like to thank our shareholders for their
continued support and the entire team
at Faron for their exceptional efforts 
during a challenging year.

Dr Markku Jalkanen
Chief Executive Officer 

For further information on the Company’s progress, development programmes and pipeline, please visit Faron´s website www.faron.com.

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Contents

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS

Our Pipeline 
Highlights 2020 

STRATEGIC REPORT

Chairman’s Statement 
Chief Executive Officer’s Review 
Financial Review   
Risks and Uncertainties  

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Chairman’s Introduction to Governance 
Compliance with the Principles of the QCA Code 
Board of Directors 
Remuneration Report 
Corporate Governance Statement 
Directors’ Report 

FINANCIAL REPORT

Statement of Comprehensive Income 
Balance Sheet 
Parent Company Statement of Changes in Equity 
Group Statement of Changes in Equity 
Statement of Cash Flows 
Notes to the Financial Statements 
Results and Dividends 
Auditor’s Report 

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Our Pipeline

Building the future of immunotherapy

THERAPEUTIC SPACE

PROGRAMME

INDICATIONS

PRECLINICAL

PHASE I

PHASE II

PHASE III

PARTNER

IMMUNO-
ONCOLOGY

Bexmarilimab
(anti-Clever-1 mAb)

Solid tumors1

MATINS

NSCLC2

MATINS-05 LUNG

Hematological 
malignancies

MATINAML

ARDS3  & 
COVID-19

REMAP–CAP

HIBISCUS

ORGAN
PROTECTION

Traumakine
(intravenous IFN 
beta-1a)

REGENERATIVE 
MEDICINE

Haematokine
New Chemical Entity
AOC3 inhibitor

Major
Cardiovascular
Surgery

CAR-T
induced CRS

Acute Kidney 
Injury

IRI in
Solid Organ
Transplantation

Hematological 
malignancies

Bone
marrow

1) Solid tumours including: ovarian cancer, uveal 
melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, 
cholangiocarcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, gastric cancer, 
ER+ breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, anaplastic thyroid 
carcinoma
2) NSCLC – Non-small cell lung carcinoma. Standard of care 
(inc. anti-PD-1) in combination with bexmarilimab
3) ARDS – Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Bexmarilimab (formerly ‘Clevegen’) 
– the future of immunotherapy

THE TARGET AND PROGRAMME

immune  stimulation 

Bexmarilimab 
investigative 
is  Faron’s  wholly-owned, 
precision  immunotherapy  with  the  potential  to  provide 
for  difficult-to-treat 
permanent 
cancers  through  targeting  myeloid  cell  function.  A  novel 
anti-Clever-1  humanised  antibody,  bexmarilimab  targets 
Clever-1  positive  (Common  Lymphatic  Endothelial  and 
Vascular  Endothelial  Receptor  1)  tumour  associated 
macrophages  (TAMs)  in  the  tumour  microenvironment, 
converting 
immunosuppressive  M2 
macrophages to immune stimulating M1 macrophages.

these  highly 

Bexmarilimab  has  been  shown  to  successfully  block 
or  silence  Clever-1,  activating  antigen  presentation  and 
promoting  interferon  gamma  secretion  by  leukocytes. 
Additional  pre-clinical  studies  have  proven  that  Clever-1, 
encoded  by  the  Stabilin-1  or  STAB-1  gene,  is  a  major 
source of T cell exhaustion and involved in cancer growth 
and  spread.  Observations  from  clinical  studies  to  date 
indicate  that  Clever-1  has  the  capacity  to  control  T  cell 
activation  directly,  suggesting  that  the  inactivation  of 
Clever-1  as  an  immune  suppressive  molecule  could  be 
more important than previously thought. 

As  an  immuno-oncology  therapy,  bexmarilimab  has 
potential as a single-agent therapy or in combination with 
other standard treatments including immune checkpoint 
molecules. Beyond immuno-oncology, it offers potential in 
infectious diseases, vaccine development and more.

CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT

Bexmarilimab is currently in phase I/II clinical development 
as  a  potential  therapy  for  patients  with  untreatable 
solid  tumours.  The  MATINS  study  is  a  first-in-human 
open 
investigating  the 
tolerability,  safety  and  efficacy  of  bexmarilimab  in  ten 
inoperable  solid 
different  hard-to-treat  metastatic  or 

label  phase  I/II  clinical  trial 

tumour  cohorts  –  cholangiocarcinoma,  colorectal 
cancer, cutaneous melanoma, ER+ breast cancer, gastric 
cancer,  hepatocellular  carcinoma,  ovarian  cancer,  uveal 
melanoma,  pancreatic  cancer  and  anaplastic  thyroid 
carcinoma  –    which  are  all  known  to  host  a  significant 
number of Clever-1 positive TAMs.

Data from MATINS have shown that bexmarilimab has 
the potential to be the first macrophage immune checkpoint 
therapy.  To  date,  the  investigational  therapy  has  been 
shown  to  be  safe  and  well-tolerated,  making  it  a  low-risk 
candidate  for  combination  with  existing  cancer  therapies, 
and  has  demonstrated  early  signs  of  clinical  benefit  in 
patients who have exhausted all other treatment options. 

Six 

solid 

tumour 

cohorts 

cutaneous 
melanoma,colorectal  cancer,  hepatocellular  cancer, 
ovarian  cancer,  cholangiocarcinoma  (also  known  as  bile 
duct cancer) and gastric cancer have demonstrated early 
signs of clinical efficacy from bexmarilimab therapy.

– 

Harnessing  the  immune  system  to  fight  cancer  using 
immunotherapy has been a landmark achievement and one 
of the most exciting breakthroughs in modern science. As 
the  immunotherapy  research  revolution  continues  Faron 
is  focused  on  activating  immunity  by  supporting  human 
immune defence mechanisms against tumours. This could 
help  in  treating  several  cancer  types  as  immune  defences 
are often, if not always, suppressed in cancer patients.

This project has received funding from
the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme
under grant agreement No 960914.

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Traumakine –enhancing the endothelial 
barrier  

THE TARGET AND PROGRAMME

Traumakine®  is  Faron’s  investigational  intravenous  (IV) 
interferon  beta-1a  therapy  for  the  treatment  of  acute 
respiratory distress Syndrome (ARDS) and other ischemic 
or hyperinflammatory conditions. 

ARDS is a severe, orphan lung disease characterised by 
widespread inflammation in the lungs and a sudden failure 
of the respiratory system. The integrity of vasculature and 
capillaries, which maintain the supply of oxygen in various 
organs, is sustained by endothelial cells covering the inner 
surfaces of blood vessels and forming a barrier between 
circulation and tissues. The breakdown of this endothelial 
barrier  results  in  leakage  of  blood  content  to  tissues. 
When  this  happens  in  the  lungs  of  ARDS  patients,  the 
lungs fill with protein rich fluid and blood cells, resulting in 
respiratory failure.

The body’s own, natural production of interferon beta-
1a, a key interferon signalling protein produced in response 
to infection, is one of the major innate immunity defences 
against virus invasion and a vital response to inflammation, 
especially  in  severe  respiratory  viral  infections.  Faron  is 
investigating  the  potential  of  Traumakine  treatment  to 
further strengthen this natural defence. 

In  addition  to  a  profound  antiviral  effect,  Traumakine 
upregulates 
the  cell  surface  protein  Cluster  of 
Differentiation  73  (CD73),  an  enzyme  that  suppresses 
pro-inflammatory responses in endothelial cells. Using an 
IV  administration  of  interferon  beta-1a  provides  optimal 
exposure  to  the  lung  vasculature,  increasing  protection 
against serious lung complications and helping to prevent 
vascular leakage by enhancing endothelial barrier function. 

CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 

Building  on  robust  pre-clinical  research,  Faron  has 
conducted  multiple  clinical  studies  using  Traumakine 
for the treatment of ARDS and other conditions. Phase I/

6

II  proof  of  concept  studies  investigating  the  potential  of 
Traumakine for the treatment of ARDS reported promising 
results with a significant drop in mortality among patients 
treated  with  Traumakine  and  efficacy  improvements 
consistent  with  a  reduction  in  vascular  leakage.  In  the 
Phase  III  INTEREST  trial  that  followed,  Traumakine 
missed  the  trial’s  primary  endpoint  –  an  unexpected 
outcome  which  was  found,  through  subsequent  data 
analyses, to have been caused by the concomitant use of 
corticosteroids, which blocked interferon beta-1a activity 
and increased mortality risk. 

Traumakine is currently being evaluated as a 
potential treatment for hospitalised patients with 
COVID-19: 

 • The  ongoing  global  REMAP-CAP 

(Randomized, 
Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for 
Community-Acquired Pneumonia) trial, is evaluating 
including  Traumakine,  for 
potential  treatments, 
community-acquired  pneumonia, 
in 
COVID-19  patients,  and  is  currently  ongoing  across 
more than 200 sites and 19 countries.

including 

 • An  upcoming Phase II/III trial –  HIBISCUS (Human 
intravenous Interferon Beta-Ia Safety and preliminary 
efficacy  in  hospitalized  subjects  with  CoronavirUS) 
–will  be  conducted  across  the  US  in  hospitalised 
patients  with  COVID-19,  who  do  not  yet  require 
mechanical  ventilation,  but  maximally 
low  flow 
oxygen  support.  In  the  trial,  Traumakine  will  be 
used  prior  to  the  current  practice  of  corticosteroid 
treatment, 
inflammatory 
response  syndrome  (SIRS)  and  ARDS,  to  improve 
clinical condition and reduce patient death. HIBISCUS 
has  received  $6.1  million  of  funding  from  the  U.S. 
Department  of  Defense  and  the  Coronavirus  Aid, 
Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act.

to  prevent  systemic 

As part of a working relationship established with Faron, 
the  59th  Medical  Wing  of  the  US  Air  Force  and  the  U.S. 
Department of Defense are also evaluating Traumakine’s 
role  in  preventing  multiple  organ  dysfunction  syndrome 
(MODS)  after  ischemia-reperfusion  injury  caused  by  a 
major trauma.

IFN beta-1a has previously demonstrated a compelling 
argument  as  the  body’s  first  line  of  defence  against 
viral  infection.  Inducing  CD73  expression  on  vascular 
endothelium can protect vital organs against ischemia and 
inflammation, offering a new approach to the treatment of 
several life threatening diseases and conditions. 

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Haematokine 
– haematopoietic
stem cell expansion 

THE TARGET AND PROGRAMME

is 
Hematopoietic  Stem  Cell  Transplantation  (HSCT) 
standard of care for many diseases of the blood. However, 
transplant  failure,  a  result  of  poor  expansion  rates  from 
the  transplanted  cells,  is  a  complication  arising  from 
transplantations that occurs in over 25% of patients and 
can be lethal. 

The  AOC3  enzymatic  domain,  a  semicarbazide-
sensitive  amine  oxidase,  is  known  to  produce  hydrogen 
peroxide  (H2O2),  a  potent  inflammatory  mediator.  AOC3 
in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that an 
ACO3 enzymatic end product H2O2 controls expansion of 
hematopoietic stem cells.

Hematokine®  regulates  AOC3  activity  in  order  to 
expand  hematopoietic  stem  cells,  which  can  be  used  in 
regenerative medicines and in hematological malignancies 
where expansion rates in transplanted cells are low. This 
programme, currently in pre-clinical development, has the 
potential to benefit all indications where an expansion of 
haemopoietic stem cells is needed. 

CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT

Hematokine is currently undergoing IND-enabling studies 
in preparation for its regulatory submission in 2021. 

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Highlights

Operational (including post period):

CLEVEGEN® (bexmarilimab) – Faron’s wholly- 
owned, novel precision cancer immunotherapy 
candidate, in Phase I/II development for  
difficult-to-treat cancers

 • Strong patient recruitment continues in Part II of the 
Phase I/II MATINS trial, investigating the potential of 
bexmarilimab in patients with solid tumours who have 
exhausted all treatment options. 10 cancer types – 
cutaneous  melanoma,  uveal  melanoma,  ovarian 
cancer,  colorectal  cancer 
(CRC),  hepatocellular 
cancer, ER+ breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric 
thyroid 
cancer,  cholangiocarcinoma,  anaplastic 
carcinoma – are currently under investigation.

 • Clinical  benefits  have  been  observed  across  six 
cancer  types  to  date  –  CRC,  ovarian  cancer, 
cancer, 
cutaneous  melanoma, 
cholangiocarcinoma  and  gastric  cancer.  These  are 
primary  candidates  to  become  expansion  cohorts 
for Part III of the study.

hepatocellular 

 • More frequent dosing, beyond the original three week 
dosing  interval,  is  being  explored  in  all  six  cohort 
types showing early signs of clinical benefit in order 
to  confirm  the  optimum  dosing  regimen  for  pivotal 
studies,  following  analysis  of  key  pharmacokinetic 
and  pharmacodynamic  biomarkers  indicating  the 
potential for increased bexmarilimab efficacy.

 • Clinical  expansion 

trials 

  will 

investigate 
in  additional  clinical 
bexmarilimab’s  potential 
settings,  with  trials  expected  to  start  later  in  2021 
–  in  combination  with  standard  of  care  (SOC)  as  a 
first-line therapy in selected advanced solid tumours 
and haematological malignancies. Additionally, trials 
will  also  investigate  bexmarilimab  as  a  standalone 
neoadjuvant  therapy  for  patients  with  early  stage 
CRC and and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. 

 • Established  soluble  Clever-1  as  potential  inhibitor 
of  T  cell  activation  through  the  testing  of  MATINS 
patients’  plasma.  New  findings  suggest  that  their 
high  levels  of  free,  soluble  Clever-1  can  act  as  a 
direct inhibitor of T cell activation, thereby providing 
a broader immunosuppressive effect than previously 
expected.  This  suggests  that  the  inactivation  of 
Clever-1 could be more broadly applicable, potentially 
enabling  patients  to  benefit  from  immuno-oncology 
therapies  which  have  previously  been  ineffective.  A 
new patent application has been filed seeking global 
protection for these findings and related applications.
 • Commercial  scale  manufacturing  contract  for  the 
development  and  manufacturing  of  bexmarilimab 
was established with AGC Biologics. 

 • €3.3  million  grants  to  support  the  development 
of  bexmarilimab  were  received  in  2020  from  the 
European  Innovation  Council  (EIC)  Accelerator  pilot 
scheme  (€2.5  million)  and  the  Finnish  Cancer  IO 
consortium (€0.8 million).

 • Scientific  learnings  on  bexmarilimab  were  shared 
at  key  global  conferences  including  the  virtual 
American  Society  of  Clinical  Oncology  (ASCO20) 
Annual  Meeting,  the  European  Society  of  Medical 
Oncology  (ESMO)  Virtual  Congress  and  ESMO’s 
Immuno-Oncology Virtual Congress 2020.

TRAUMAKINE® – Faron’s investigational 
intravenous (IV) interferon beta-1a therapy, 
is in development for the treatment of acute 
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other 
ischemic or hyperinflammatory conditions. 

 • Supported the global search for potential treatments 
for  COVID-19,  with  Traumakine’s  inclusion  in  two 
global  initiatives  in  2020  –  the  global  REMAP-CAP 
(Randomized,  Embedded,  Multifactorial  Adaptive 

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

molecular analysis of IFN-beta signaling pathways in 
many published articles over recent months.

 • Partnership established with the 59th Medical Wing 
of the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Army and U.S. Army 
Institute of Surgical Research to explore the use of 
Traumakine for organ protection in combat wounds 
leading  to  multi-organ  failure  from  ischemia  and 
reperfusion.

 • To 

support 

potential 

Traumakine’s 

future 
commercial  use,  AGC  Biologics  was  selected  to  be 
the new manufacturing house for commercial scale 
production. A €2.1 million low interest rate loan from 
Business  Finland  and  a  €2.5  million  loan  guarantee 
from  Finnvera,  the  official  Export  Credit  Agency  of 
Finland,  are  supporting  the  establishment  of  a  new 
cell line for the manufacturing process. 

 • Detailed  analyses  into  the  deleterious  effects  of 
glucocorticoids  on  Traumakine  activity,  undertaken 
following  the  INTEREST  trial  results  in  2018,  were 
published in Intensive Care Medicine, a world-leading 
journal in the field of critical care, in May 2020. 

HAEMATOKINE® – An AOC3 (amine oxidase 
copper containing 3) protein inhibitor in develop-
ment for use in regenerative medicine and to treat 
hematological malignancies.

 • Faron acquired rights for this potential use of AOC3 
inhibitors in March 2020 and will be responsible for 
the future development of Haematokine and for the 
management, prosecution, maintenance and filing of 
patent applications.
IND-enabling  studies  for  this  programme  are 
continuing and, following a first review by the Finnish 
patent  office,  the  Company  believes  global  patent 
protection  could  be  possible  for  the  Haematokine 
project.

 •

9

Platform Trial for Community-Acquired Pneumonia), 
which is ongoing across more than 200 sites and 19 
countries,  and  the  WHO’s  Solidarity  trial.  The  WHO 
trial determined in October 2020 that subcutaneous 
IFN  beta-1a  was  ineffective  in  reducing  overall 
mortality  in  hospitalised  COVID-19  patients.  At  the 
time of analysis, too few patients had received an IV 
formulation of IFN beta to enable interpretation of the 
data and to draw any conclusions on its effect. WHO 
has yet to provide the Company with detailed dosing 
and safety information which is a normal regulatory 
requirement for drug testing and use.

 • On 

  track  to 

II/III  HIBISCUS 

initiate  a  Faron-sponsored  trial 
investigating  the  potential  of  Traumakine  to  treat 
COVID-19.  The  Phase 
(Human 
intravenous Interferon Beta-Ia Safety and preliminary 
efficacy  in  hospitalised  subjects  with  CoronavirUS) 
study  will  be  conducted 
in  approximately  5-10 
study  sites  across  the  US  in  hospitalised  patients 
with  COVID-19,  who  do  not  yet  require  mechanical 
ventilation,  but  maximally  low  flow  oxygen  support. 
Use of corticosteroids concomitantly with Traumakine 
is  not  possible  in  the  study  setting  but  enabled  in  a 
sequenced manner, following Traumakine treatment. 
Post  period  the  Company  received  $6.1  million 
of  funding  from  the  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and 
Economic  Security  (CARES)  Act,  granted  by  the  US 
Department of Defense, to support HIBISCUS.

 • Building  on  Faron’s  already  strong  IP  portfolio  for 
Traumakine,  the  Company  applied  for  additional 
patent  protection  for  Traumakine  relating  to  the 
induction  of  CD73  for  organ  protection,  followed 
by  the  use  of  corticosteroids  for  the  treatment  of 
systemic  inflammation.  In  this  sequence,  the  best 
effects of both drugs are optimised in a sequence for 
patient  benefit.  This  order  is  strongly  supported  by 

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

CORPORATE

FINANCIAL 

 • Faron  hosted  a  virtual  R&D  Day  presenting  the 
Company’s  R&D  strategy  and  insights  into  its  two 
clinical  stage  programmes.  Alongside  Dr  Markku 
Jalkanen,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  and  members  of 
the  Executive  Leadership  and  senior  management 
teams, external perspectives were provided by Prof. 
Alberto Mantovani, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy; 
Ass. Prof. Maija Hollmén, MediCity, Turku University, 
Finland  and  Dr.  Petri  Bono,  Terveystalo,  Helsinki, 
Finland.

IMPACT OF COVID-19

 • During the pandemic the Company’s ability to secure 
funding  and  remote  working  operations  has  been 
key  to  continued  success.  Even  during  exceptional 
circumstances,  Faron  has  been  able  to  continue 
to  operate  its  business  almost  normally  and  the 
development  of 
its  clinical  trials  proceeded  as 
planned.

 • Additionally,  Faron  closely  followed  and  strictly 
complied with the regulations and recommendations 
of  the  Finnish  National  Institute  for  Health  and 
Welfare  (THL)  and  other  relevant  authorities  to 
ensure  the  safety  for  its  employees,  study  subjects 
and partners.

 • On  31  December  2020,  the  Company  held  cash 

balances of €4.1 million (2019: €7.1 million).

 • Loss  for  the  period  for  the  financial  year  ended  31 
December  2020  was  €16.9  million  (2019:  €13.3 
million).

 • Net assets on 31 December 2020 were €-1.8 million 

 •

(2019: €1.6 million).
In  April  2020,  the  Company  successfully  raised  a 
total  of  €14.0  million  gross  (€13.0  million  net)  from 
new and existing shareholders, through issuance of 
total of 3,500,000 new ordinary shares. The majority 
of these proceeds are being used to expand Clevegen 
in  additional  targets  in  the  MATINS  trial,  support 
Traumakine in the ongoing REMAP-CAP trial and to 
strengthen the Company’s balance sheet.

 • The  Company  received  a  combination  of  grants, 
loans and loan guarantees totalling €7.9 million from 
Business Finland (May 2020: Grant €0.8 million, June 
2020:  Loan  €2.1  million),  The  European  Innovation 
Council  (June  2020:  Grant  €2.5  million),  Finnvera 
(Aug  2020:  Loan  guarantee  €2.5  million).  A  total  of 
€2.2 million of these funds were received during the 
period and the rest will continue to be received post 
period.

 • Post  period  in  February  2021,  the  Company  raised 
€15  million  gross  (approximately  €14.4  million  net) 
from  new  and  existing  shareholders  through  an 
issuance of 3,521,127 new ordinary shares.

10

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

CONSOLIDATED KEY FIGURES, IFRS

€’000

Revenue 

Other operating income

Research and Development expenses

General and Administrative expenses

Loss for the period

Loss per share EUR

Unaudited 
7–12/2020
6 months

Unaudited
7–12/2019
6 months

1–12/2020
12 months

1–12/2019
12 months

0

1,379

(8,345)

(2,543)

(9,603)

(0.22)

0

185

(5,255)

(1,688)

(6,850)

(0.18)

0

2,122

(13,879)

(4,897)

(16,946)

(0.37)

0

185

(10,237)

(3,049)

(13,262)

(0.36)

Number of shares at end of period

46,896,747

43,290,747

46,896,747

43,290,747

Average number of shares

 44,606,204

38,551,293

45,712,111

36,850,577

€’000

Cash and cash equivalents

Equity

Balance sheet total

Unaudited 
30 Jun 2020

Unaudited 
30 Jun 2019

31 Dec 2020

31 Dec 2019

11,627

7,313

14,343

2,892

(1,761)

5,103

4,108

(1,849)

8,367

7,059

1,610

10,209

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Chairman’s 
Statement 

2020 was a year of significant activity for Faron. Despite 
the  challenges  that  the  global  pandemic  presented  to 
business  continuity  and  clinical  trials  across  the  life 
sciences sector, the Company’s focus on pipeline delivery 
continued unabated and delivered impressive results. 

The  development  programme  for  bexmarilimab,  Faron’s 
wholly-owned  novel  precision  cancer 
immunotherapy 
candidate, made important clinical progress in 2020 following 
completion of the dose-finding Part I of the MATINS clinical 
trial. While intended to investigate safety and tolerability, this 
part of the trial also delivered exciting data on the potential 
of  this  therapy  to  promote  immune  activation,  and  early 
signs  of  clinical  benefit.  With  ten  different  hard-to-treat 
cancers  now  under  investigation  in  the  second  part  of  the 
trial, the Company is gaining greater insights into the future 
clinical use and commercial potential of this unique Clever-1 
targeting therapy, with a clear focus on patient populations 
whose cancers are known to demonstrate significant levels 
of the Clever-1 receptor. 

The  Faron  team’s  analyses  of  data  from  the  trial, 
alongside  the  broader  scientific  community’s  growing 
understanding  of  the  role  of  Clever-1  as  an  immune 
suppressive  molecule,  have  provided  a  much  clearer 
understanding of the next steps required for bexmarilimab’s 
clinical  development  and  support  its  potential  as  a 
breakthrough  therapy  for  the  future.  Harnessing  the 
immune system to fight cancer using immunotherapy has, 
undoubtedly, been one of the most exciting breakthroughs 
in  modern  science  and  the  first  wave  of  pioneering 
treatments  changed  the  face  of  cancer  treatment.  We 
know these therapies do not work for everyone and many 
patients  who  initially  respond  will  eventually  relapse. 
complementary 
Combining 
in 
important 
approaches 

immunotherapies  with 
is  becoming 

increasingly 

12

cancer  treatment  and  bexmarilimab’s  expanded  clinical 
development  programme,  investigating  its  combination 
with existing treatments, will provide important evidence 
of its potential use as a future combination therapy. 

including  acute 

The  emergence  of  COVID-19  and 

its  serious 
respiratory  distress 
complications, 
syndrome 
(ARDS),  mobilised  medical  and  scientific 
communities  in  2020.  I  was  very  pleased  that  Faron 
answered the global call for potential therapies that might 
contribute to the fight against the pandemic, by providing 
Traumakine, Faron’s intravenous (IV) interferon (IFN) beta-
1a, to two global initiatives investigating multiple therapies 
to  treat  severe  COVID-19  patients  –  the  REMAP-CAP 
(Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform 
Trial  for  Community-Acquired  Pneumonia)  and  the  World 
Health Organization’s (WHO) Solidarity trial. 

Faron’s  earlier  observations 

Faron has generated a wealth of data to support the 
hypothesis  that  Traumakine  can  strengthen  the  body’s 
natural defences and provide increased protection against 
serious lung complications. Sadly, the first global initiative 
to report data –WHO’s Solidarity trial – did not generate 
supportive  results,  with  too  few  patients  receiving  an  IV 
formulation of IFN beta to enable interpretation of the data 
and to draw any conclusions on the effect of IV IFN beta. 
from  Traumakine’s 
that 
development  programme 
corticosteroid  use  interferes  with  Traumakine’s  efficacy, 
are a significant consideration in trialling the potential of 
this therapy in COVID-19 patients. A third trial investigating 
Traumakine in COVID-19 patients, the Company’s US phase 
II/III HIBISCUS trial, in which the use of corticosteroids is 
only  possible  following  treatment  with  Traumakine,  will 
yield important results. Interest in IFN beta as a COVID-19 
therapy continues to be strong and I am proud that Faron 

in  ARDS  patients, 

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

remains actively involved in research to further build the 
treatment armamentarium against COVID-19.

Through  2020,  as  the  world  adapted  to  life  during 
a  pandemic,  Faron  as  a  company  showed  remarkable 
resilience in the face of such unexpected pressures. Thanks 
to the strength shown by everyone across the Company, who 
quickly responded to a very different working environment, 
all business operations were maintained, clinical progress 
accelerated and engagement with the scientific community 
continued at a number of virtual congresses. 
Faron’s  successful  financing,  both 

the  capital 
fundraising  and  securing  non-dilutive  funding,  was  a 
major  undertaking,  particularly  in  a  virtual  world.  It  puts 
the Company in a strong financial position to progress its 
clinical  programmes  and  related  business  activities,  as 
well as to explore further scientific opportunities within the 
Faron pipeline. 

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank everyone 
who has contributed to Faron maintaining its momentum 
in a difficult year – each and every member of staff and 
my  colleagues  on  the  Board  for  their  commitment  to 
the  Company;  our  partner  organisations  and  steering 
committee  members  for  their  support  and  expertise; 
Faron’s  investors  for  showing  continued  confidence  in 
the Company and, importantly, the clinicians and patients 
across  our  trial  network.  Particular  thanks  must  also 
go  to  our  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Markku  Jalkanen,  and 
Chief Financial Officer, Toni Hänninen, for their leadership 
throughout 2020. 

We look forward to continued progress in 2021. 

Dr Frank Armstrong
Chairman
24 March 2021

13

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Chief Executive 
Officer’s Review  

OVERVIEW 

Faron  has  three  assets  (Clevegen®  -  bexmariliumab; 
Traumakine®  and  Haematokine®),  all  focusing  on 
harnessing our immune system. We believe that the three 
target  molecules  Clever-1,  CD73  and  AOC3  provide  new 
medical treatment options either to activate, suppress or 
maintain the power of our immune system. Our goal is to 
save lives by developing unique scientific discoveries into 
ground-breaking new treatments for hard-to-treat and rare 
diseases.  Our  work  is  rooted  in  two  scientific  principles. 
First, a deep knowledge of the pharmacology of our drug 
candidates.  And  second,  understanding  the  science  of 
the  targeted  conditions  at  the  molecular  level,  to  most 
effectively influence their underlying causes.

Our focus for 2020 has been to continue to progress 
our wholly-owned novel precision cancer immunotherapy 
candidate, bexmarilimab, through the first-in-human clinical 
study, MATINS, in selected metastatic or inoperable solid 
tumours.  We  have  also  been  working  closely  with  the 
regulatory  authorities  to  finalize  the  HIBISCUS  study 
protocol  for  Traumakine  in  acute  respiratory  distress 
syndrome  (ARDS)  and  organ  failures,  and  were  pleased 
to  provide  Traumakine  to  global  initiatives  investigating 
multiple  therapies  to  treat  severe  COVID-19  patients, 
although  our  focus  to  protect  central  organ  provides 
significant  wider  application  potential.  The  third  asset 
around  AOC3,  Haematokine,  could  help  to  recover  lost 
renewal of blood cells and activate our immune defence 
and other vital blood functions.

BEXMARILIMAB (CLEVEGEN)

During 2020, we have continued to make strong progress 
in  accelerating  the  clinical  development  of  bexmarilimab 
despite the challenges of COVID-19.  Bexmarilimab is our 

14

the 

reducing 

inactivating 

function  of 

is  differentiated 

immune-stimulating  by 

wholly-owned  novel  precision  cancer  immunotherapy 
candidate,  which  causes  conversion  of  the  immune 
environment around a tumour from immune-suppressive 
to 
the  number 
tumour-associated  macrophages 
and 
function  of  CLEVER-1 
(TAMs)  by 
receptor.  Bexmarilimab 
from  other 
immunotherapies  through  its  specific  targeting  of  M2 
TAMs,  which  facilitate  tumour  growth.  Through  myeloid 
cell plasticity, bexmarilimab can convert these M2 TAMs to 
M1s, leaving existing M1 TAMs intact and allowing both to 
support  immune  activation  against  tumours.  We  believe 
it  has  the  potential  to  function  as  a  novel  macrophage 
checkpoint  immunotherapy,  both  as  a  monotherapy  and 
in combination with other immuno-oncology therapies or 
standard of care treatments.

MATINS STUDY

The    ongoing  Phase  I/II  MATINS  (Macrophage  Antibody 
To INhibit immune Suppression) study is a first-in-human 
open label Phase I/II clinical trial with an adaptive design 
to  investigate  the  safety  and  efficacy  of  bexmarilimab  in 
selected metastatic or inoperable solid tumours. 

The  completed  Part  I  of  the  MATINS  trial,  primarily 
intended to investigate safety and tolerability, has already 
shown 
that  bexmarilimab  administration  promoted 
immune  activation  in  MATINS  patients,  with  data  also 
indicating  that  bexmarilimab  can  down  regulate  a  range 
of major inhibitory immune checkpoints (like PD-1, CTLA-
4,  etc.)  that  current  immuno-oncology  therapies  aim  to 
suppress.  Bexmarilimab  has  also  been  well  tolerated, 
showing no significant adverse events even at the highest 
dosing levels.

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Clinical progress accelerated early in 2020 and today 
six out of 10 test cohorts have demonstrated early clinical 
benefits,  being  currently  primary  candidates  to  become 
expansion  cohorts  for  Part  III  of  the  MATINS  study  as  a 
monotherapy in patients who have exhausted all treatment 
options.  All  these  solid  cancer  types  (colorectal  cancer, 
ovarian  cancer,  cutaneous  melanoma,  hepatocellular 
cancer,  cholangiocarcinoma  –  also  known  as  bile  duct 
cancer – and gastric cancer) require additional treatment 
options  and  therefore  present  a  significant  commercial 
opportunity.

As  a  result  of  key  pharmacokinetic  and  pharma- 
codynamic  biomarkers  indicating  that  more  frequent 
dosing could potentially increase bexmarilimab treatment 
efficacy,  compared  to  the  original  dosing  interval  of 
every  three  weeks,  the  regulatory  authorities  approved 
an  expansion  of  MATINS  to  include  two  additional  CRC 
cohorts receiving 1 mg/kg dosed at either weekly or two 
week  intervals,  which  are  on-going  currently.  The  aim 
is  to  reach  enough  data  to  finalise  dosing  regimen  for 
bexmarilimab  prior  entering  pivotal  studies.  Recently  the 
MATINS  study  data  monitoring  committee  (DMC)  also 
proposed to study more frequent dosing  and higher doses 
across all six cohort types showing early signs of clinical 
benefit and plans for this are underway.

An  additional  post  period 

important  finding  was 
the  discovery  of  an  abundant  amount  of  free,  soluble 
Clever-1 in the plasma of MATINS study patients. Further 
experimental testing of isolated Clever-1 has indicated that 
this  soluble  form  is  a  direct  inhibitor  of  T  cell  activation 
and its inactivation could potentially result in an improved 
immune response and therefore enable patients to benefit 
from immuno-oncology therapeutics which have previously 

been  ineffective.  A  new  patent  application  has  been  filed 
seeking  global  protection  for  these  findings  and  related 
applications.

CLINICAL EXPANSION

Many  findings  support  bexmarilimab  combination  with 
negative  immune  check  point  inhibitors:  i)  synergistic 
effect  has  been  observed  in  animal  models,  ii)  human 
tumours  with  high  Clever-1  transcript  are  resistant  to 
current immuno-oncology therapies and iii) bexmarilimab 
administration can down regulate these inhibitors. These 
facts have led Faron to design bexmarilimab combination 
studies  with  standard  of  care,  as  a  first-line  therapy  in 
selected  advanced  solid  tumours  and  haematological 
malignancies,  and  as  a  standalone  neoadjuvant  therapy 
for  patients  with  early  stage  colon  cancer,  all  of  which 
Company hopes to start in 2021.

Alongside  bexmarilimab’s  clinical  progress  in  2020, 
the  Company  has  undertaken  further  work  to  prepare 
for its future, by appointing global contract development 
and  manufacturing  organisation,  AGC  Biologics,  as 
the  commercial  scale  manufacturer.  AGC  Biologics 
has  decades  of  experience 
in  manufacturing  of 
biotechnological  products,  including  commercial  market 
supplies of FDA (US), PDMA (Japan), MHRA (UK) and EMA 
(continental Europe) approved products. 

TRAUMAKINE  

Faron  is  encouraged  by  recent  vaccine  developments  to 
curb  the  spread  of  COVID-19  but  the  need  for  effective 
treatment  options  to  reduce  intensive  care  need  and 
mortality  for  COVID-19  and  other  virally  infected  (e.g. 

15

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

influenza) patients remains critical. As such, the Company 
remains involved in international efforts supported by the 
global  scientific  community  to  explore  the  therapeutic 
and  anti-viral  effects  of  the  Company’s  intravenous  (IV) 
interferon  (IFN)  beta-1a,  Traumakine,  and  to  continue 
to  develop  the  asset  as  a  future  treatment  for  acute 
respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). 

Having demonstrated a compelling argument as one 
of  the  body’s  main  first  lines  of  defence  against  viral 
infection, recent findings have also shown that seriously 
ill  COVID-19  patients  have  compromised 
interferon 
responses  (Feulliet  et  al.  2021).  These  findings  continue 
to  drive  confidence  that  treatment  with  Traumakine  can 
strengthen  the  body’s  natural  defences  if  administered 
intravenously.  Specifically,  the  intravenous  dosing  of 
Faron’s  IFN  beta-1a  provides  the  lung  vasculature  with 
optimal  exposure  to  IFN,  which  we  believe  is  a  critical 
aspect  of  Traumakine’s  potential  to  increase  protection 
against serious lung complications.

In 2020, we joined two global initiatives investigating 
the  potential  of  multiple  therapies  to  treat  COVID-19, 
by  providing  supplies  of  Traumakine  to  the  REMAP-
CAP  programme  and  the  World  Health  Organization’s 
(WHO)  Solidarity  trial.  The  data  readout  from  the  WHO 
Solidarity  trial  was  announced  in  October  2020  and 
concluded that subcutaneous IFN beta-1a was ineffective 
in  treating  hospitalised  COVID-19  patients.  Interestingly, 
the  use  of  concomitant  steroids  had  no  impact  on  this 
outcome,  confirming  again  that  subcutaneous  dosing 
has  limited  exposure  to  the  lungs  and  should  not  be 
practiced.  Traumakine  continues  to  be  investigated  as 
part  of  the  ongoing  global  REMAP-CAP  programme, 
which  is  evaluating  potential  treatments  for  community-
acquired pneumonia, including in COVID-19 patients, and 
is  currently  ongoing  across  more  than  200  sites  and  19 
countries.

Faron  is  also  initiating  a  third  trial  investigating  the 
potential of Traumakine to treat COVID-19 – the US Human 
intravenous  Interferon  Beta-Ia  Safety  and  preliminary 
efficacy 
in  hospitalised  subjects  with  CoronavirUS 
(HIBISCUS) trial – which, in January 2021, received $6.1 
million from the US Department of Defense (DOD) as part 
of  the  Coronavirus  Aid,  Relief,  and  Economic  Security 
(CARES) Act. The HIBISCUS trial is a phase II/III study to 
evaluate  the  potential  of  Traumakine  to  treat  COVID-19 
and  will  be  conducted  in  approximately  5-10  study  sites 
across the US in hospitalised patients with COVID-19, who 
do  not  yet  require  mechanical  ventilation,  but  maximally 
flow  oxygen  support.  Use  of  corticosteroids 
low 
concomitantly  with  Traumakine  is  not  possible  in  the 
study  setting  but  enabled  in  a  sequenced  manner  after 
Traumakine. Supporting this protocol, a detailed analysis 
into  the  effects  of  glucocorticoids  on  IV  IFN  beta-1a 

16

activity, which arose following the INTEREST trial in 2018, 
was published in Intensive Care Medicine, a world leading 
journal in the field of critical care, in May 2020. The results 
showed  that  the  desired  mechanism  of  action  of  IV  IFN 
beta-1a in the lung vasculature - the upregulation of CD73 
- is blocked by the administration of glucocorticoids, and 
co-administration  of  glucocorticoids  with  IV  IFN  beta-1a 
increases  mortality  in  patients  with  ARDS  compared  to 
patients administered with IV IFN beta-1a alone. 

from 

Subject 

to  data 

trials  supporting 
Traumakine’s  profile,  the  Company  will  work  with 
regulatory authorities and other parties to identify the best 
path to ensure its future availability to patients. 

these 

To  progress  Traumakine  manufacturing  and  support 
its potential future commercial use, in August 2020 Faron 
announced plans to initiate a new state-of-the-art process 
for  Traumakine  manufacturing  with  a  €2.1  million  low 
interest rate loan from Business Finland, the governmental 
innovation financing agency of Finland. This will be used 
to develop and select a new cell line that can be used for 
future  commercial  scale  production  of  Traumakine.  The 
Company  subsequently  received  a  loan  guarantee  from 
Finnvera for €2.5 million to expand the commercial scale 
manufacturing. 

HAEMATOKINE 

In  March  2020,  Faron  announced  it  had  acquired  rights 
for  the  potential  new  use  of  AOC3  inhibitors.  The  AOC3 
enzymatic  domain,  a  semicarbazide-sensitive  amine 
oxidase, is known to produce hydrogen peroxide, a potent 
inflammatory  mediator.  AOC3  in  vivo,  ex  vivo  and  in 
vitro  studies  have  revealed  that  ACO3’s  enzymatic  end 
product  hydrogen  peroxide  (H2O2)  controls  expansion 
of  hematopoietic  stem  cells.  Hematopoietic  Stem  Cell 
Transplantation  (HSCT)  is  today  the  standard  of  care 
in  all  haematological  malignancies.  This  is  due  to  the 
fact  that  transplant  failure  is  a  lethal  complication  and 
a  result  of  poor  expansion  of  transplanted  cells,  which 
can  occur  in  up  to  30  per  cent  of  patients.  In  addition, 
secondary transplantation and treatments to revive failing 
transplants  are  expensive  and  often  unsuccessful.  With 
Haematokine,  we  believe  we  can  expand  stem  cells  by 
regulating AOC3 activity.

Pre-clinical  studies  with  humanised  AOC3  mice  and 
with ex vivo human cells are currently ongoing and further 
information will be provided later in the year.

CORPORATE

In  June  2020,  we  hosted  a  virtual  R&D  Day  presenting 
the Company’s R&D strategy and insights into our clinical 
stage  programmes.  In  addition  to  Faron’s  management, 
external  perspectives  were  provided  by  Prof.  Alberto 

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

 • Top line data from MATINS Part II
 • First patient in neoadjuvant CRC and RCC
 • Final dosage and dose frequency decision 
 • Selection of first pivotal cohort from MATINS trial 
 • First patient in NSCLC PD(L)1 combination
 • First patient in haematological malignancies
 • Pre-clinical evaluation in multiple new tumour types

Traumakine:

Initiation of HIBISCUS

 •
 • Anticipated REMAP-CAP interim read out
 • Formation of a Traumakine Scientific Advisory Board 
 •
 • Preclinical work on solid organ transplant
 • Partnering update during 2021

Interim analysis from HIBISCUS

AOC3 Antagonist Platform Technology::

 • Additional information from pre-clinical studies with 
humanised AOC3 mice and with ex vivo human cells 
during 2021

Mantovani,  Humanitas  University,  Milan,  Italy;  Ass.  Prof. 
Maija Hollmén, MediCity, Turku University, Finland and Dr. 
Petri Bono, Terveystalo, Helsinki, Finland.

At the Annual General Meeting held on 18 May 2020, 
the number of members of the Board was confirmed as 
six.  Frank  Armstrong,  Markku  Jalkanen,  Matti  Manner, 
Leopoldo  Zambeletti,  Gregory  Brown  and  John  Poulos 
were  re-elected  to  the  Board  for  a  term  that  ends  at  the 
end of the next AGM.

The Company also announced in July 2020 that Cairn 
Financial Advisers LLP had been appointed as Nominated 
Adviser  to  the  Company  with  immediate  effect,  with 
Panmure  Gordon  (UK)  Limited  continuing  to  act  as  the 
Company’s Broker.

FINANCIAL

During  the  period,  the  Company  successfully  raised 
approximately  €14.0  million  (gross),  €13.0  million  (net) 
from  new  and  existing  shareholders.  Additionally,  the 
Company  was  also  awarded  grants  and  loans  from 
Business  Finland  and  from  the  European  Innovation 
Council  (EIC)  Accelerator  pilot  scheme  and  a  Finnvera 
loan guarantee in total of €7.9 million.

Post  period  in  February  2021,  the  Company  raised 
€15.0 million gross (approximately €14.4 million net)  from 
new  and  existing  shareholders  through  an  issuance  of 
3,521,127 new ordinary shares.

OUTLOOK

Our  focus  for  2021  will  be  to  continue  to  progress 
bexmarilimab’s  clinical  development  through  Part  II  and 
Part III of the MATINS trial and new combination studies, 
to further develop our understanding of its potential future 
clinical  use  and  commercial  potential.  We  are  excited  to 
commence  the  HIBISCUS  trial  for  Traumakine  in  the  US 
and will continue to provide assistance with global efforts 
in fighting COVID-19. We are continuing to make progress 
with  potential  partners  regarding  both  Clevegen  and 
Traumakine,  whilst  also  exploring  funding  opportunities 
to  ensure  we  can  continue  to  progress  both  products.  I 
would  like  to  thank  our  shareholders  for  their  continued 
belief in the Company and the management team and all 
the employees at Faron for their hard-work and dedication 
during this challenging year and look forward to updating 
the market on our progress throughout the course of 2021.
The Board anticipates the following pipeline progress 

and catalysts during 2021:

Clevegen:

 • Summary of data from MATINS Part I 
 • Final CLEVER-1 occupancy data

Dr Markku Jalkanen
Chief Executive Officer 
24 March 2021

17

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Financial
Review

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATOR

As  a  clinical  stage  drug  development  company,  Faron’s 
primary  interconnected  KPIs  are  cash  burn  and  cash 
position. The Company conducted a successful fundraise 
during 2020. The Company’s net cash flow showed €2.8 
million  negative  due  to  an  increase  of  R&D  and  G&A 
expenditure,  partially  offset  by  other  income.  The  Board 
will consider the appropriateness of monitoring additional 
KPIs as the Company’s operations advance.

REVENUE AND OTHER OPERATING INCOME

The  Company’s  revenue  was  €0.0  million  for  the  year 
ended 31 December 2020 (2019: €nil). 

The  Company  recorded  €2.1  million  (2019:  €0.2 
million) of other operating income. This consisted of the 
reimbursement of already occurred legal expenses by the 
third-party  recovery  services  provider  as  announced  by 
the Company on 30 December 2019.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

The R&D costs increased  by €3.6  million from €10.2 million 
in 2019 to €13.9 million in 2020. The costs of outsourced 
clinical  trial  services  were  increased    by  by  €2.5  million 
from  €1.9  to  €4.4  million.  The  cost  of employee  benefits 
in the R&D was increased by €0.8 million from €2.1 to €2.9 
million, mainly driven by additional headcount. 

costs, mainly driven by legal expenses, which were offsed 
by other income. Futher, employee benefits increased by 
€0.5million mainly driven by additonal headcount.

TAXATION

The  Company’s  tax  credit  for  the  fiscal  year  2020  can 
be  recorded  only  after  the  Finnish  tax  authorities  have 
approved  the  tax  report  and  confirmed  the  amount 
of  tax-deductible.  The  total  amount  of  cumulative  tax 
losses carried forward approved by tax authorities on 31 
December  2020  was  €38.2  million  (2019:  €16.1  million). 
The Company estimates that it can utilise most of these 
during the years 2020 to 2021 by offsetting them against 
future profits. In addition, Faron has €55.0 million of R&D 
costs incurred in the financial years 2010 - 2020 that have 
not  yet  been  deducted  in  its  taxation.  This  amount  can 
be  deducted  over  an  indefinite  period  at  the  Company’s 
discretion.

LOSSES

Loss  before  income  tax  was  €16.9  million  (2019:  €13.3 
million).  Net  loss  for  the  year  was  €16.9  million  (2019: 
€13.3  million),  representing  a  loss  of  €0.37  per  share 
(2019:  €0.36  per  share)  (adjusted  for  the  changes  in 
number of issued shares).

CASH FLOWS

GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATION COSTS

Administrative  expenses  increased  by  €1.9  million  from 
€3.0 million in 2019 to €4.9 million in 2020. The increase 
was mainly due to the €1.2 million increase in other G&A 

Net cash flow was €2.8 million negative for the year ended 
31  December  2020  (2019:  €3.0  million  positive).  Cash 
used for  operating  activities  increased  by  €6.0  million to 
€17.5  million  for  the  year,  compared  to  €11.5  million  for 
the  year  ended  31  December  2019.  This  increase  was 

18

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

mostly driven by a increase in R&D investments.

Net  cash  inflow  from  financing  activities  was  €14.8 
million (2019: €14.6 million) mainly due to the successful 
equity placing completed in April 2020. 

FUNDRAISING 

In  April  2020,  the  Company  successfully  raised  a  total  of  
€14.0 million gross  (€13.0 million net) through a fundraise 
from new and existing shareholders. The majority of these 
proceeds  are  being  used  to  commence  expansion  of 
Clevegen through the MATINS trial, to support Traumakine 
in  the  ongoing  REMAP-CAP  trial  and  to  strengthen  the 
Companys balance sheet. 
Post  period  in  February  2021,  the  Company  raised  €15.0 
million  gross  (approximately  €14.4  million  net)    from  new 
and existing shareholders through an issuance of 3,521,127 
new ordinary shares.

FINANCIAL POSITION  

As at 31 December 2020, total cash and cash equivalents 
held were €4.1 million (2019: €7.1 million). 

GOING CONCERN

As part of their going concern review, the Directors have 
followed the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, the 
Finnish  Accounting  Act  and  the  guidelines  published  by 
the  Financial  Reporting  Council  entitled  “Guidance  on 
the  Going  Concern  Basis  of  Accounting  and  Reporting 
on Solvency and Liquidity Risks – Guidance for directors 
of  companies  that  do  not  apply  the  UK  Corporate 
Governance Code”. The Company and its subsidiaries (the 
“Group”) are subject to a number of risks similar to those 

risks  associated  with 

of  other  development  stage  pharmaceutical  companies. 
These  risks 
include,  amongst  others,  generation  of 
revenues  in  due  course  from  the  development  portfolio 
and 
research,  development, 
testing  and  obtaining  related  regulatory  approvals  of  its 
pipeline products. Ultimately, the attainment of profitable 
operations is dependent on future uncertain events which 
include obtaining adequate financing to fulfil the Group’s 
commercial  and  development  activities  and  generating 
a  level  of  revenue  adequate  to  support  the  Group’s  cost 
structure. 

The Group made a net loss of €16.9 million during the 
year ended 31 December 2020. It had a negative  equity 
of €1.8 million including an accumulated deficit of €96.6 
million.  As  at  that  date,  the  Group  had  cash  and  cash 
equivalents of €4.1 million. 

The Directors have prepared detailed financial forecasts 
and  cash  flows  looking  beyond  12  months  from  the  date 
of the approval of these financial statements. In developing 
these  forecasts,  the  Directors  have  made  assumptions 
based upon their view of the current and future economic 
conditions  that  are  expected  to  prevail  over  the  forecast 
period.  The  Directors  estimate  that  the  cash  held  by  the 
Group  together  with  known  receivables  will  be  sufficient 
to  support  the  current  level  of  activities  into  the  fourth 
quarter  of  2021.  The  Directors  are  continuing  to  explore 
sources of finance available to the Group and they believe 
they  have  a  reasonable  expectation  that  they  will  be  able 
to secure sufficient cash inflows for the Group to continue 
its activities for not less than 12 months from the date of 
approval of these financial statements; they have therefore 
prepared the financial statements on a going concern basis. 
Because  the  additional  finance  is  not  committed  at 

19

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

the date of issuance of these financial statements, these 
circumstances  represent  a  material  uncertainty  that 
may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  Company’s  ability  to 
continue as going concern. Should the Group be unable to 
obtain further finance such that the going concern basis 
of  preparation  were  no  longer  appropriate,  adjustments 
would  be  required,  including  to  reduce  balance  sheet 
values of assets to their recoverable amounts, to provide 
for further liabilities that might arise.

HEADCOUNT

Average headcount of the Company for the year was 30 
(2019: 24). 

SHARES AND SHARE CAPITAL

During  the  period  1  January  to  31  December  2020,  the 
Company,  using  the  share  authorities  granted  at  the 
Extraordinary General Meetings held on 25 October 2019, 
issued  a  total  of  3,500,000  new  ordinary  shares  at  an 
issuace price of €4.00 (£3.48) per share. 
The subscription price net of costs was credited in full to 
the  Company’s  reserve  for  invested  unrestricted  equity, 
and the share capital of the Company was not increased.

The  Company  has  no  shares  in  treasury;  therefore 
at the end of 2020 the total number of voting rights was 
46,896,747.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

As announced by the Company on 2 October 2019 and 30 
December 2019, the Company has received a letter from 
Rentschler Biopharma SE in which Rentschler stated that 
it  terminates  the  agreement  concerning  the  Traumakine 
API  manufacturing.  The  Company  considers  that  this 
statement  is  without  merit  and  has  filed  a  request  for 
arbitration to seek damages. To fund the proceedings, the 
Company has entered into a litigation funding agreement 
with a third-party recovery services provider which, in the 
event  of  success,  would  receive  a  typical  portion  of  any 
damages  awarded.  The  arbitration  is  ongoing  and  the 
final  arbitration  award  is  expected  to  be  issued  by  the 
arbitration tribunal during the autumn 2021. 

20

Toni Hänninen
Chief Financial Officer
24 March 2021

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Risks and 
Uncertainties

Faron is a late clinical stage biopharmaceutical company and, similarly to other companies operating in this 
field, is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. The principal risks and uncertainties identified by 
Faron for the year ended 31 December 2020 are below.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Faron’s  main  products  are 
in  clinical  development 
however,  they  may  not  be  successful  in  clinical  trials  and 
the  Company  may  not  be  able  to  develop  approved  or 
marketable products. Technical risk is also present at each 
stage of the discovery and development process of other, 
earlier stage products with challenges in biology (including 
the  ability  to  produce  candidate  drugs  with  appropriate 
safety, efficacy and usability characteristics). Conversion of 
cutting-edge  scientific  research  into  clinical  development 
programmes of novel compounds and drugs where there 
is  limited  amount  of  guidance  and  no  previous  examples 
involves  a  high  degree  of  uncertainty.  This  uncertainty, 
combined  with  Faron’s  lean  organisation,  could  result 
in  situations  where  the  Company  needs  to  make  rapid 
alterations to its development projects without full visibility 
to  all  the  downstream  consequences.  Additionally,  drug 
development  is  a  highly  regulated  environment  which  in 
itself  presents  technical  risk  through  the  need  for  study 
designs  and  data  to  be  accepted  by  regulatory  agencies. 
As part of the development risk, the manufacturing of the 
Company’s intended products would become impossible or 
products would be supplied in lower quantities than needed.

competitors  include  major  multinational  pharmaceutical 
companies,  biotechnology  companies  and  research 
institutions.  Many  of  which  have  substantially  greater 
financial,  technical  and  operational  resources,  such  as 
larger  research  and  development  resources  and  staff.  It 
may have a material adverse impact on the Company if its 
competitors succeed in developing, acquiring or licensing 
drug  product  candidates  that  are  more  effective  or  less 
costly  than  any  of  the  product  candidates  which  the 
Company is currently developing or which it may develop. 
Furthermore, there can be no guarantee that the Company 
will be able, or that it will be commercially advantageous 
for the Company, to monetise the value of its intellectual 
property  through  entering  into  licensing  or  other  co-
operation deals with pharmaceutical companies.

There can be no assurance that the Company’s proposed 
products will be capable of being manufactured in sufficient 
quantities and standards for clinical trials or in commercial 
quantities, in compliance with regulatory requirements and 
at an acceptable cost or within an acceptable timeframe.

DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL AND 
SCIENTIFIC AND CLINICAL COLLABORATORS

COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS AND MANUFACTURING

The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in which 
Faron  operates  are  very  competitive.  The  Company’s 

The  Company’s  success  is  highly  dependent  on  the 
expertise  and  experience  of  the  Directors  and  key 
management.  Whilst  the  Company  has  entered  into 

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

employment  and  other  agreements  with  each  of  these 
key personnel, the retention of such personnel cannot be 
guaranteed.  Should  key  personnel  leave  or  no  longer  be 
party to agreements or collaborations with the Company, 
the  Company’s  business  prospects,  financial  conditions 
and/or results of operations may be materially adversely 
affected.  To  develop  new  products  and  commercialise 
its  current  pipeline,  the  Company  relies,  in  part,  on  the 
recruitment of appropriately qualified personnel, including 
personnel  with  a  high  level  of  scientific  and  technical 
expertise. There is currently a shortage of such personnel 
in the pharmaceutical industry, meaning that the Company 
is  likely  to  face  significant  competition  in  recruitment. 
The Company may be unable to find a sufficient number 
of  appropriately  highly  trained  individuals  to  satisfy  its 
growth  rate,  which  could  affect  its  ability  to  develop  as 
planned.

to  a  significant  degree  on 

the  Company’s  development  and 
Furthermore, 
prospects  depend 
the 
experience,  performance  and  continued  service  of  its 
senior  management  team  including  the  Directors.  The 
Company  has  invested  in  its  management  team  at  all 
levels and has entered into contractual arrangements with 
these  individuals  with  the  aim  of  securing  their  services. 
Retention of these services or the identification of suitable 
replacements, however, cannot be guaranteed. The loss of 
the  services  of  any  of  the  Directors  or  other  members  of 
the  senior  management  team  and  the  costs  of  recruiting 
replacements  may  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company  and  its  commercial  and  financial  performance 
and reduce the value of an investment in the shares of the 
Company.

REGULATORY ENVIRONMENT

The Company operates in a highly regulated environment. 
Whilst  the  Company  will  take  every  effort  to  ensure  that 
the Company and its partners comply with all applicable 
regulations  and  reporting  requirements,  there  can  be 
no  guarantee  of  this.  Failure  to  comply  with  applicable 
regulations  could  result  in  the  Company being  unable to 
successfully  commercialise  its  products  and/or  result 
in  legal  action  being  taken  against  the  Company,  which 
could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

The  Company  will  need  to  obtain  various  regulatory 
approvals  (including  from  the  FDA  and  the  EMA)  and 

comply with extensive regulations regarding safety, quality 
and  efficacy  standards  in  order  to  market  its  products. 
While  efforts  have  been  and  will  be  made  to  ensure 
compliance with governmental standards and regulations, 
there  is  no  guarantee  that  any  product  will  be  able  to 
achieve  the  necessary  regulatory  approvals  to  promote 
that product in any of the targeted markets and any such 
regulatory approval may include significant restrictions for 
which  the  Company’s  products  can  be  used.  In  addition, 
the Company may be required to incur significant costs in 
obtaining or maintaining its regulatory approvals. Delays 
or  failure  in  obtaining  regulatory  approval  for  products 
would  likely  have  a  serious  adverse  effect  on  the  value 
of  the  Company  and  have  a  consequent  impact  on  its 
financial performance. 

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND PROPRIETARY 
TECHNOLOGY

The  Company  relies  and  will  rely  on  intellectual  property 
laws and third party non-disclosure agreements to protect 
its patents and other proprietary rights. The IPR on which 
the  Company’s  business  is  based  is  a  combination  of 
patents, patent applications, confidential business know-
how and trade secrets, and trademarks. No assurance can 
be given that any currently pending patent applications or 
any future patent applications will result in patents being 
granted.  In  addition,  there  can  be  no  guarantee  that  the 
patents will be granted on a timely basis, that the scope of 
any patent protection will exclude competitors or provide 
competitive advantages to the Company, that any of the 
Company’s patents will be held valid if challenged, or that 
third parties  will not claim  rights in,  or ownership of, the 
patents and other proprietary rights held by the Company.
Despite precautions taken by the Company to protect 
its  products,  unauthorised  third  parties  may  attempt  to 
copy,  or  obtain  and  use,  the  Company’s  IPR  and  other 
technology  that  is  incorporated  into  its  pharmaceutical 
products.  In  addition,  alternative  technological  solutions 
similar to the Company’s products may become available 
to  competitors  or  prospective  competitors  of  the 
Company. It should be noted that once granted, a patent 
could  be  challenged  both  in  the  relevant  patent  office 
and in the courts by third parties. Third parties can bring 
material and arguments which the patent office granting 
the patent may not have seen at the time of granting the 

22

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

though the Company uses all reasonably available means 
to  secure  the  data  and  the  channels  used,  there  is  no 
certainty that full data security can be obtained.

The  Company  is  publicly  listed  and  as  such  subject 
to  various  securities  laws  in  multiple  jurisdictions.  The 
Company  uses  significant  amount  of  both  internal  and 
external  resources  to  secure  that  all  its  operations  and 
external  communication  are  conducted  in  accordance 
to these regulations. Whilst the Company will take every 
effort to ensure that the Company and its partners comply 
with all applicable securities laws and requirements, there 
can be no guarantee of this.

This report was approved by the Board on 24 March 2021.

23

patent. Therefore, whilst a patent may be granted to the 
Company it could in the future be found by a court of law 
or  by  the  patent  office  to  be  invalid  or  unenforceable  or 
in  need  of  further  restriction.  Should  the  Company  be 
required  to  assert  its  IPR,  including  any  patents,  against 
third parties it is likely to use a significant amount of the 
Company’s  resources  as  patent  litigation  can  be  both 
costly  and  time  consuming.  No  assurance  can  be  given 
that the Company will be in a position to devote sufficient 
resources  to  pursue  such  litigation.  Any  unfavourable 
outcomes  in  respect  of  patent  litigation  could  limit  the 
Company’s IPR and activities moving forward.

The Directors do not believe that the Company’s lead 
pharmaceutical  drug  candidates,  future  drug  candidates 
in development, and proprietary processes for generating 
those candidate compounds infringe the IPR of any third 
parties. However, it is impossible to be aware of all third 
intellectual  property.  The  Company’s  research 
party 
has  included  searching  and  reviewing  certain  publicly 
available resources, which are examined by senior levels 
of management in order to keep abreast of developments 
in the field.

FINANCIAL

The  Company  has  incurred  significant  losses  since  its 
inception  and  does  not  have  any  approved  or  revenue-
generating products. The Company expects to incur losses 
for  the  foreseeable  future,  and  there  is  no  certainty  that 
the business will generate a profit. The Company is highly 
dependent  on  equity,  public  grants  and  loan  financing. 
The  Company  may  not  be  able  to  raise  additional  funds 
that  will  be  needed  to  support  its  product  development 
programmes  or  commercialisation  efforts,  and  any 
additional  funds  that  are  raised  could  cause  dilution  to 
existing investors. The Company operates internationally, 
and it is thus exposed in various currencies and fluctuation 
in their relative values. Even though the Company seeks to 
hedge currency positions there is no guarantee that it will 
be successful.

OTHER RISKS RELATED TO OPERATIONS

While operating with multiple vendors and other external 
suppliers,  the  Company  regularly  delivers  and  receives 
information  and  data  through  multiple  channels.  Some 
of these are trade secrets or of confidential nature. Even 

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Corporate 
Governance

governance  is  fundamentally  about  culture,  rather  than 
procedure,  Faron’s  corporate  culture  is  monitored  on  a 
regular basis, and appropriate action is taken if, and to the 
extent, deemed necessary.

Dr Frank Armstrong
Non-Executive Chairman
24 March 2021

CHAIRMAN’S INTRODUCTION TO GOVERNANCE

The Board of Faron emphasises the importance of good 
corporate  governance  and  is  aware  of  its  responsibility 
for overall corporate governance and for supervising the 
general affairs and business of the Company.

As  Chairman  of  the  Board,  I  oversee  the  adoption, 
delivery  and  communication  of  Faron’s  corporate 
governance  model.  In  this  role,  I  endeavour  to  foster  a 
positive  governance  culture  throughout  the  Company, 
seeing  that  ultimate  responsibility  for  the  quality  of,  and 
Faron’s approach to, corporate governance lies with me.

Faron is not required to comply with the UK Corporate 
Governance Code by virtue of being an AIM and Nasdaq 
First  North  Growth  Market  quoted  company.  The 
Board  does,  however,  seek  to  apply  the  QCA  Corporate 
Governance Code (as devised by the Quoted Companies 
Alliance  in  consultation  with  a  number  of  significant 
institutional small company investors) in its updated form. 
After the year end 2020 and the UK leaving the European 
Union, Faron has to follow applicable domestic laws of the 
UK. 

No  significant  changes  in  governance  arrangements 

occurred during the year.

As described below, the Board continues to promote a 
healthy corporate culture that is based on ethical values 
and behaviours consistent with the Company’s objectives, 
strategy and business model described on the Company’s 
website  and  with  the  description  of  principal  risks  and 
uncertainties set out in this document. As good corporate 

24

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Compliance

COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF THE QCA CODE

The Principles of the QCA Code 

  Comply/Explain 

Disclosure in the 2020 Report

1. Establish a strategy and business  
model which promote long-term

2. Seek to understand and meet  
shareholder needs and expectations

3. Take into account wider stakeholder  
and social responsibilities and their  
implications for long-term success

4. Embed effective risk management,  
considering both opportunities and threats,
throughout the organisation

5. Maintain the board as a well-functioning,  
balanced team led by the chair

6. Ensure that between them the directors  
have the necessary up-to-date experience,
skills and capabilities

7. Evaluate board performance based on  
clear and relevant objectives, seeking
continuous improvement

8. Promote a corporate culture that is  
based on ethical values and behaviours

9. Maintain governance structures and  
processes that are fit for purpose and
support good decision-making by the board

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Comply

Pages 4, to 7 and 14 to 17

Pages 39 to 41

Page 41

Pages 21 to 23

Pages 30 to 31 and 42 to 43

Pages 27 to 29

Page 30 

Page 24

Pages 24 and 26

10. Communicate how the company is governed 
and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with 
shareholders and other relevant stakeholders

Comply

Pages 30 and 32 to 38

25

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Board of
Directors

On  18  May  2020,  Company’  held  its  Annual  General 
Meeting (AGM) using special arrancements due to ungoing 
COVID-19 pandemic. The shareholders were encouraged 
to participate by way of centralised proxy representation 
and  to  follow  the  meeting  by  webcast.  At  the  AGM  the 
number  of  Directors  was  confirmed  as  six,  with  Frank 
Armstrong,  Markku  Jalkanen,  Matti  Manner,  Leopoldo 
Zambeletti,  Gregory  Brown  and  John  Poulos  re-elected 
to  the  Board  for  a  term  that  ends  at  the  end  of  the  next 
AGM. At the meeting of the Board held following the AGM, 
Frank  Armstrong  was  re-elected  Chairman  of  the  Board 
and  Matti  Manner  was  re-elected  Vice-Chairman  of  the 
Board. The Board comprises five non-executive directors 
and  one  executive  director.  Brief  biographical  details  for 
the Directors can be found on the following pages. During 
2020, the Board held 15 meetings. 

The  Board  is  responsible  to  the  shareholders  for  the 
proper management of the Company and meets regularly 
to set the overall direction and strategy of the Company, to 
review scientific, operational and financial performance, to 
review the strategy and activities of the business, and to 
advise on management appointments. The Board sees to 
the administration of the Company and the organisation 
of  its  operations,  being  responsible  for  the  appropriate 
arrangement of the control of the Company accounts and 
finances. 

All  key  operational  and  investment  decisions  are 
subject  to  full  Board  approval.  The  management  of  the 
Company prepares a monthly management and financial 
accounts  pack,  which  is  distributed  to  the  Board  every 
month  and  in  advance  of  Board  meetings.  In  individual 
cases the Board may decide in a matter falling within the 
general competence of the Chief Executive Officer.  

26

The roles of Chief Executive Officer and Non-Executive 
Chairman  are  well  defined  and  clearly  separated.  The 
Chairman  oversees  the  Board’s  work,  ensures  that  the 
Board’s  decision-making  is  balanced  and  that  the  Non-
Executive  Directors  have  all  relevant  information  on 
matters  to  be  decided.  The  Chairman  sees  to  it  that  the 
Board meets when necessary.

is 

responsible 

The  Chief  Executive  Officer 

for 
implementing the strategy of the Board and managing the 
day-to-day business activities of the Company. The Chief 
Executive Officer, reviewing the operating results regularly 
to make decisions about the allocation of resources and 
to  assess  overall  performance,  is  the  chief  operating 
decision-maker.

The Board considers there to be sufficient independence 
of  the  Board  and  that  all  the  Non-Executive  Directors  are 
of  sufficient  competence  and  calibre  to  add  strength  and 
objectivity to the Board, and to bring considerable experience 
in terms of their knowledge of the scientific, operational and 
financial development of biopharmaceutical products and 
companies. Where necessary, the Company facilitates that 
Non-Executive  Directors  obtain  specialist  external  advice 
from appropriate advisers.

The term of office of each Director expires on the closing 
of the AGM immediately following their appointment to the 
Board. Under the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act 
and the Company’s Articles of Association, the Directors 
are  elected  by  the  shareholders  at  general  meetings 
annually. Under the Act, Directors may be removed from 
office at any time, with or without cause, by a majority of 
votes cast at a general meeting. Vacancies on the Board 
may only be filled by a majority of shareholder votes cast 
at a general meeting.   

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Dr Frank Armstrong
Non-Executive Chairman
b. 1957

Matti Manner
Non-Executive Vice-Chairman
b. 1953

Dr  Armstrong  has  held  Chief  Executive  roles  with  five 
biotechnology  companies,  both  public  and  private, 
including  Fulcrum  Pharma  plc  and  CuraGen.  He  led 
Medical  Science  and  Innovation  at  Merck  Serono  and 
was  previously  Executive  Vice  President  of  Product 
Development  at  Bayer  and  Senior  Vice  President  of 
Medical Research and Communications at Zeneca. 

Dr  Armstrong  is  currently  the  Chairman  of  Caldan 
Therapeutics  and  Enhanc3D  Genomics,  a  Director  of 
Newcells  Biotech  and  a  Non-Executive  Director  of  ECO 
Animal  Health  Group  plc,  as  well  as  a  member  of  the 
Senior Advisory Board at Healthcare Royalty Partners and 
Epidarex Capital. 

Dr  Armstrong 

received  an  honours  degree 

in 
biochemistry  and  an  MBChB,  Bachelor  of  Medicine, 
Bachelor  of  Surgery  from  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
Scotland. He is a physician, a Fellow of the Royal College 
of  Physicians  of  Edinburgh  and  Non-Executive  Director 
of  the  University  of  Edinburgh’s  governing  body,  the 
University Court. 

He  was  appointed  to  the  Board  as  a  Non-Executive 

Director in September 2015.

Mr Manner was appointed a partner of Brander & Manner 
Attorneys  Ltd  in  1980,  having  previously  sat  as  a  judge 
at the Court of Appeal, Turku, Finland. He has significant 
experience  in  national  and  international  business  deals, 
corporate law and mergers and acquisitions, and has held 
a number of Board memberships throughout his career. 

He  He  is  currently  Chairman  of  Ruissalo  Foundation     
and 
Länsi-Suomen  Yleishyödyllinen  Asuntosäätiö 
Foundation  and Vice-Chairman of Suomen Asianajajaliitto 
Foundation, a member of the Board of Marva Media Ltd, 
Satatuote Ltd, YH VS-Rakennuttajat Ltd and Nurmi-Yhtiöt 
Ltd.

Mr  Manner  has  experience  of  several  trustee  posts 
including  the  Presidency  of  the  Finnish  Bar  (Lawyers) 
Association during the period of 1998 to 2004. He obtained 
a Master of Law from the University of Turku, Finland, and 
became an Honorary Chief Justice in Finland in 2013.

Mr  Manner  joined  the  board  of  the  Company  as 
Chairman  in  2007  having  previously  been  the  Chairman 
of Faron Ventures Oy from 2002. He was appointed to the 
Board as Non-Executive Vice-Chairman in October 2015. 

27

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Dr Markku Jalkanen
Chief Executive Officer
b. 1954

Dr Gregory B. Brown
Non-Executive Director  
b. 1953

Dr  Brown  has  more  than  35  years  of  experience  in 
healthcare  and  investment.  Most  recently,  he  founded 
HealthCare Royalty Partners, a healthcare-focused private 
asset  management  firm  investing  in  biopharmaceutical 
and  medical  products,  where  he  currently  serves  as 
a  member  of  the  Senior  Advisor  Board.  In  addition,  Dr 
Brown is currently Chief Executive Officer and a Director 
of Memgen, and a Director of Caladrius Biosciences and 
Aquestive Therapeutics. He previously acted as a Director 
of Invuity between October 2014 and December 2015. 

Prior  to  this,  Dr  Brown  was  a  Managing  Director  at 
Paul Capital Partners in New York, Co-Head of Investment 
Banking at Adams, Harkness & Hill, and VP of Corporate 
Finance at Vector Securities International.

He  was  appointed  to  the  Board  as  a  Non-Executive 

Director in May 2017.

Dr  Jalkanen  has  more  than  25  years  of  experience 
within  biomedical  research,  biotechnology  research  and 
development,  and  the  biopharmaceutical 
In 
addition to his role as Chief Executive Officer, Dr Jalkanen 
is an advisor for the only active Finnish life sciences fund, 
Inveni  Capital.  Between  1996  and  2002,  Dr  Jalkanen  was 
the founding Chief Executive Officer and President of BioTie 
Therapies Corp which went on to become the first publicly-
traded Finnish biotechnology company to list on Nasdaq.

industry. 

Dr Jalkanen has been a member of several Boards for 
both public and private companies including Inveni Capital 
Management, Meddia Ltd and Priaxon AG.

He  obtained  a  Masters 

in  Medical  Biochemistry 
from  the  University  of  Kuopio,  Finland and  subsequently 
received  a  PhD 
in  Medical  Biochemistry  from  the 
University of Turku, Finland. He completed a side-laudatur 
examination  in  Molecular  Biology  from  the  University 
of  Turku  and  completed  his  post-doctoral  training  at 
Stanford  University,  California,  USA,  between  1983  and 
1986.  Dr  Jalkanen  obtained  the  position  of  Docent  in 
Biochemistry  from  University  of  Helsinki,  FInland  and 
the same qualification in Molecular and Cell Biology from 
the  University  of  Turku.  He  became  a  Professor  at  the 
University of Turku in 1992.

Dr  Jalkanen  has  published  over  130  peer  reviewed 
scientific publications in various highly ranked international 
journals.

He was a founding member of the Company and has 

been Chief Executive Officer since 2003.

28

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

John Poulos
Non-Executive Director
b. 1954

Leopoldo Zambeletti
Non-Executive Director
b. 1968

Mr.  John  Poulos  has  a  wealth  of  expertise  in  global 
corporate life sciences, having spent 38 years working for 
AbbVie and Abbott. He served as Vice President, Head of 
Business Development and Acquisitions for AbbVie from 
2013 until 2016. He was also Group Vice President, Head 
of Pharmaceutical Licensing and Acquisitions for Abbott 
from 2005 until 2012. During his career with AbbVie and 
Abbott, Mr Poulos was instrumental in the negotiation of 
numerous  acquisitions,  including  Knoll/BASF  Pharma  in 
2001 for $6.9 billion, Kos Pharmaceuticals in 2006 for $3.7 
billion, Solvay in 2010 for $6.2 billion and Pharmacyclics in 
2015 for $21 billion.

Mr.  Poulos  is  currently  President  GNK  Advisors  Inc., 
a  Pharmaceutical  Business  Development  firm,  and  is  a 
member of the Board of Memgen.

He  was  appointed  to  the  Board  as  a  Non-Executive 

Director in May 2017.

During  his  19-year  career  as  an  investment  banker,  Mr 
Zambeletti 
led  the  European  Healthcare  Investment 
Banking team at JP Morgan for eight years before taking 
up  the  same  position  at  Credit  Suisse  for  a  further  five 
years. He started his career at KPMG as an auditor and, 
since 2013, has been an independent strategic advisor to 
life  science  companies  on  merger  and  acquisitions,  out-
licensing deals and financing strategy. 

Mr Zambeletti received a BA in Business from Bocconi 

University in Milan, Italy. 

Mr Zambeletti is a Non-Executive Director of Philogen, 
Nogra  Pharma,  The  Meatless  Farm,  Adler  Ortho  and  
Baccuico.

He  was  appointed  to  the  Board  as  a  Non-Executive 

Director in September 2015.

29

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

AUDIT COMMITTEE

The  audit  committee,  which  comprises  Leopoldo 
Zambeletti as Chairman together with Matti Manner and 
Gregory Brown, meets not less than twice a year. The audit 
committee has the task of supervising and developing the 
internal  audit  of  the  Company  and  advising  and  making 
recommendations to the Board on related issues. During 
2020, the audit committee held two meetings.

NOMINATION COMMITTEE

The  nomination  committee  comprises  Matti  Manner  as 
Chairman together with Frank Armstrong. The nomination 
committee has the task, in co-operation with the Board, of 
advising  on  and  making  recommendations  to  the  Board 
on issues relating to the composition and nomination of 
the  Board.  During  2020,  the  nomination  committee  held 
three meetings.

The  nomination  committee  considers  succession 
planning for Directors and other senior executives in the 
course  of  its  work,  bearing  in  mind  the  challenges  and 
opportunities  facing  the  Company  and  the  skills  and 
expertise  needed  on  the  Board  in  the  future,  and  makes 
recommendations  to  the  Board  concerning  formulating 
plans for succession for both Executive and Non-Executive 
Directors  and  in  particular  for  the  key  roles  of  Chairman 
and Chief Executive Officer.

The  Board  has  a  process  for  evaluation  of  its  own 
performance  and  that  of  its  committees  and  individual 
Directors, including the Chairman. These evaluations are 
carried out at least annually.

In the Board performance evaluation process adopted 
by  the  Company,  Board,  committee  and 
individual 
effectiveness is considered against the criteria of creating 
and running an effective Board, professional development, 
strategic foresight, stewardship, managing management, 
value creation and corporate culture.

The  Directors  have  reviewed  the  results  of  the 
most  recent 
  Board  self-assessment  exercise  and 
and  conducted  a  peer  group  review  in  2020.  The  self 
assessment  showed  and  improvement  compared  to 
prior year, and the peer group review showed that Faron 
is offering competetive compensation compared to peer 
group, and not adjustments were deemed necessary.

BOARD COMMITTEES

In  conjunction  with  being  admitted  to  trading  on  AIM, 
the  Company  has  established  audit,  nomination  and 
remuneration  committees  of  the  Board  with  formally 
delegated duties and responsibilities.

legal  status  or 

Under  the  Finnish  Limited  Liability  Companies  Act, 
Board  committees  do  not,  generally  speaking,  have  a 
independent  decision-making 
formal 
powers;  rather,  their  role  is  to  provide  support  in  the 
preparation of the decision-making. The responsibility for 
the  decisions  remains  with  the  Board  even  if  the  matter 
has been delegated to a committee.

At  the  Board  meeting  held  following  the  AGM  on  18 
May 2020, the Board of Directors re-elected the Chairmen 
and elected the other members of the Board committees. 

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE

As of 18 May 2020, the remuneration committee comprises 
Frank Armstrong as Chairman together with John Poulos 
and  Leopoldo  Zambeletti.  The  remuneration  committee 
has the task of advising on and making recommendations 
to  the  Board  in  relation  to  the  remuneration  paid  to  the 
Directors  and  supervising  the  development  of  any  other 
remuneration or reward systems of the Company. During 
2020, the remuneration committee held three meetings.

30

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Attendance at Board Meetings

During 2020 the Board held 15 meetings. The table below lists the Directors’ attendance at the Board and 
Committee meetings during the year:

The Directors’ attendance during the year ended 31 December 2020

Board

Audit 
Committee

Remuneration 
Committee

Nomination 
Committee

Executive Directors

Jalkanen Markku

Non-Executive Directors

Armstrong Frank

Manner Matti

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

Zambeletti Leopoldo

15

15

14

14

15

14

3(3)

3(3)

2(2)

2(2)

2(2)

3(3)

3(3)

3(3)

31

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Remuneration 
Report 

Remuneration Policy for Directors

The Remuneration Committee sets the remuneration policy that aims to align Director remuneration with 
shareholders’ interests and attract and retain the best talent for the benefit of the Company. No Director is 
involved in discussions relating to their own remuneration. This report sets out Faron’s remuneration policy 
for the Executive and Non-Executive Directors. The remuneration of the Directors during the year ended 31 
December 2020 is set out below:

BASIC SALARY

LONGER TERM INCENTIVES

Executive Directors’ basic salaries are reviewed annually. 
The  review  process  is  managed  by  the  Remuneration 
Committee  with  reference  to  market  salary  data,  the 
Executive Director’s performance and contribution to the 
Company during the year.

BONUSES

Executive  Directors’  annual  bonuses  are  based  on  the 
achievement  of  the  Company’s  strategic  and  financial 
targets  and  personal  performance  objectives.  The  Non-
Executive Directors believe that bonuses are an incentive 
to  achieve  the  targets  and  objectives  and  represent 
an  important  element  of  the  total  compensation  of 
the  Executive  Directors;  they  have  established  that  the 
annual bonus potential will be up to 50% for the Executive 
Directors.

In order to further incentivise the Executive Directors and 
employees,  and  align  their  interests  with  shareholders, 
the  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  of  the  Company  on 
15  September  2015  approved  a  share  option  plan  and 
granted  share  options  to  the  members  of  the  Board 
under this option plan. At the AGM held on 28 May 2019, 
the  Company  authorised  the  Board  to  implement  a  new 
share option plan for the employees and Directors of, and 
persons providing services to, the Company’s group. Rules 
of that new option plan were approved by the Board on 20 
November 2019. An amendment to option plans 2015 and 
2019 was resolved at the AGM held on 18 May 2020. The 
amendment enables options to be transferred or pledged  
after  the  conditions  for  share  subscription  have  been 
fulfilled  under  the  relevant  rules.  Details  of  these  option 
plans are on pages 35 to 38.

PENSION

Faron has a law-defined contribution plans under which it 

32

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. The plans 
cover all the employees of Faron including the Executive 
Directors.  Faron  has  no  legal  or  constructive  obligations 
to  pay  further  contributions  if  the  fund  does  not  hold 
sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating 
to employee service in the current and prior periods.

OTHER BENEFITS

The Chief Executive Officer and some employees have the 
possibility to take a company car allowance, which is part 
of  their  gross  salary.  All  employees  including  Executive 
Directors have a company mobile phone that constitutes 
a company mobile phone allowance.

EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ SERVICE CONTRACTS 
AND TERMINATION PROVISIONS

The service contracts of Executive Directors are approved 
by the Board and are concluded for an indefinite term.

The details of the Executive Directors’ contracts are 
summarised below:

Date of contract    Notice period

Jalkanen Markku, CEO

16.9.2015

6 months

NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ SERVICE 
CONTRACTS AND REMUNERATION

The  remuneration  and  compensation  payable  to  the 
members  of  the  Board 
including  the  Non-Executive 
Directors  is  approved  by  the  shareholders  at  the  AGM. 
Any  Non-Executive  Director  who,  by  request,  goes  or 
resides abroad for any purposes of the Company or who 
performs  services  which  in  the  opinion  of  the  Board  go 
beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid extra 
remuneration  or  may  receive  such  other  benefits  as  the 
Remuneration  Committee  may  approve.  Non-Executive 
in  respect 
Directors  are  entitled  to  be  reimbursed 
incurred  travelling, 
of  their  reasonably  and  properly 
accommodation  and  incidental  expenses  for  attending 
and  returning  from  meetings  of  the  Board,  Committee 
meetings or the general meetings of shareholders.

With the exception of share options disclosed below, 
the  Non-Executive  Directors  do  not  receive  any  pension, 
bonus  or  benefit  from  the  Company.  The  contracts  of 
the Non-Executive Directors, excluding remuneration and 
compensation, are reviewed by the Board annually.

33

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Current contracts are summarised below:

Non-Executive Directors 

Independence 

Contract 

Date of Contract

Armstrong Frank

Manner Matti

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

Zambeletti Leopoldo

Independent

Non-independent(*)

Independent

Independent

Independent

Chairman

Vice-chairman

Member

Member

Member

16.09.2015

16.09.2015

16.05.2017

16.05.2017

16.09.2015

(*) Has served as a director for more than 10 consecutive years

The  appointments  of  Non-Executive  Directors  are 
terminable  with  immediate  effect,  in  accordance  with 
the  Company’s  Articles  of  Association  and  pursuant  to 
the  Finnish  Limited  Liability  Companies  Act,  through 
a  resolution  of  shareholders  at  a  general  meeting  on 
any  grounds.  The  Non-Executive  Directors  may  resign 
as  a  director  by  delivering  three  months’  notice  to  the 
registered  office  of  the  Company  or  through  tendering 
such resignation at a meeting of the Board.

The Directors received the following remuneration 
during the year  

€ 

Salaries and fees

Bonus 

 Taxable benefits 

Total

Executive Directors

Jalkanen Markku

Non-Executive Directors

Armstrong Frank

Manner Matti

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

Zambeletti Leopoldo

323,500

85,992

14,460

423,952

83,000

48,000

42,000

41,000

47,000

83,000

48,000

42,000

41,000

47,000

34

 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

DIRECTORS’ SHARE OPTIONS

Aggregate remunerations disclosed above do not include 
any amounts for the value of options to acquire ordinary 
shares in the Company granted to or held by the Directors.
Option Plan 2015 was adopted by the Company at the 
Extraordinary General Meeting held on 15 September 2015 
and amended in the Annual General Meetings of 16 May 
2017  and  18  May  2020,  respectively.  Option  Plan  2015 
allowed the Company to offer options for subscription free 
of charge to members of the Board and to such officers 
and  employees  of  the  Company  as  the  Board  sees  fit. 
Each option entitles the holder of the option to subscribe 
for one ordinary share in the Company. Under the terms 
of Option Plan 2015, an aggregate maximum number of 
1,800,000 options could be granted, such aggregate being 
made up of a maximum of 400,000 “2015A” options, the 
subscription  period  for  which  ended  on  9  June  2016,  a 
maximum  of  400,000  “2015B”  options,  the  subscription 
period  for  which  ended  on  30  September  2019,  a 
maximum  of  500,000  “2015C”  options,  the  subscription 
period  for  which  ended  on  30  September  2019,  and  a 
maximum  of  500,000  “2015D”  options,  the  subscription 
period  for  which  ended  on  30  September  2019,  all  such 
options being exercisable until 30 September 2021.

The  exercise  price  for  ordinary  shares  based  on 

“2015A”  options  is  €3.71.  The  exercise  price  for  ordinary 
shares  based  on  “2015B”  options  is  €2.90.  The  exercise 
price  for  ordinary  shares  based  on  “2015C”  options  is 
€8.39.  The  exercise  price  for  ordinary  shares  based 
on  “2015D”  options  is  €1.09.    Share  Option  Plan  2019 
was  adopted  by  the  Board  on  20  November  2019  and 
amended on 19 March 2020 based on an authorisation by 
the Annual General Meeting of 28 May 2019, as amended 
in  the  Annual  General  Meeting  of  18  May  2020.  Share 
Option Plan 2019 allows the Company to offer options for 
subscription free of charge to employees and directors of 
the  Group  (including  any  non-executive  members  of  the 
Board) and any person who provides services to the Group. 
Each option entitles the holder of the option to subscribe 
for one ordinary share in the Company. Under the rules of 
Share Option Plan 2019, an aggregate maximum number 
of 2,000,000 options can be granted.

On  14  October  2020,  the  Board  confirmed  the  grant 
of a total of 690,333 “2019A” options under Share Option 
Plan 2019. The “2019A” options are exercisable between 
23  July  2021  and  23  July  2025  at  an  exercise  price  of 
€3.80 per share, vesting 25% per annum over a period of 
four years.

Total options

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Exercised
during
the period:

At 31
December
2020

Average subs. 
price per 
shares, €

Jalkanen Markku

Armstrong Frank

Manner Matti

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

Zambeletti Leopoldo

320,000

120,000

 80,000

160,000

60,000

80,000

30,000

40,000

30,000

40,000

30,000

80,000

30,000

610,000

230,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

360,000

220,000

110,000

70,000

70,000

110,000

840,000

4.60

3.96

3.96

4.34

4.34

3.96

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Details of 2015 Option Plan are as follows

2015A options

Date of
grant

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Cancelled
during
the period

At 31
December
2020

Subscription
price per
share, €

Date from
which
exercisable

Expiry 
  date

Jalkanen Markku

16.09.2015

80,000

Armstrong Frank

16.09.2015

40,000

Manner Matti

16.09.2015

20,000

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

-

-

0

0

Zambeletti Leopoldo

16.09.2015

20,000

160,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

80,000

40,000

20,000

0

0

20,000

160,000

3.71

02.11.2015

30.09.2021

3.71

02.11.2015

30.09.2021

3.71

02.11.2015

30.09.2021

-

-

-

-

-

-

3.71

02.11.2015

30.09.2021

2015B options

Date of
subscription

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Cancelled
during
the period

At 31
December
2020

Subscription
price per
share, €

Date from
which
exercisable

Expiry 
  date

Jalkanen Markku

18.11.2016

80,000

Armstrong Frank

18.11.2016

40,000

Manner Matti

18.11.2016

20,000

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

-

-

0

0

Zambeletti Leopoldo

18.11.2016

20,000

160,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

80,000

40,000

20,000

0

0

20,000

160,000

2.90

08.10.2016

30.09.2021

2.90

08.10.2016

30.09.2021

2.90

08.10.2016

30.09.2021

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.90

08.10.2016

30.09.2021

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

2015C options

Date of
subscription

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Cancelled
during
the period

At 31
December
2020

Subscription
price per
share, €

Date from
which
exercisable

Expiry 
  date

Jalkanen Markku

16.11.2017

80,000

Armstrong Frank

16.11.2017

40,000

Manner Matti

16.11.2017

20,000

Brown Gregory

16.11.2017

20,000

Poulos John

16.11.2017

20,000

Zambeletti Leopoldo

16.11.2017

20,000

200,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

80,000

40,000

20,000

20,000

20,000

20,000

200,000

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

8.39

08.10.2017

30.09.2021

2015D options

Date of
subscription

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Exercised 
during the 
period:

At 31
December
2020

Subscription
price per
share, €

Date from
which
exercisable

Expiry 
  date

Jalkanen Markku

21.05.2019

80,000

Armstrong Frank

21.05.2019

40,000

Manner Matti

21.05.2019

20,000

Brown Gregory

21.05.2019

20,000

Poulos John

21.05.2019

20,000

Zambeletti Leopoldo

21.05.2019

20,000

200,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 80,000

0

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

0

0

0

0

0

40,000

20,000

20,000

20,000

20,000

80,000

120,000

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

1.09

08.10.2018

30.09.2021

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Details of 2019 Option Plan are as follows

2019 options

Date of
grant

At 1
January
2020

Granted
during  the
 period

Cancelled
during
the period

At 31
December
2020

Subscription
price per
share, €

Date from
which
exercisable

Expiry 
  date

Jalkanen Markku

23.07.2020

Armstrong Frank

23.07.2020

Manner Matti

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

23.07.2020

23.07.2020

23.07.2020

Zambeletti Leopoldo

23.07.2020

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

120,000

60,000

30,000

30,000

30,000

30,000

300,000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

120,000

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025

60,000

30,000

30,000

30,000

30,000

300,000

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025 

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025

3.80

23.07.2021

23.07.2025

 At 31 December

2020

Executive

Jalkanen Markku(1)

Non-Executive Directors

Armstrong Frank

Manner Matti(2)

Brown Gregory

Poulos John

Zambeletti Leopoldo

Issued Share Capital

Share Options

Ordinary shares  Percentage held

Ordinary shares

Average exercise price, €

3,226,677

6.88

360,000

64,792

551,035

46,490

0

17,461

3,906,455

0.14

1.17

0.10

0.00

0.04

8.33

220,000

110,000

70,000

70,000

110,000

940,000

4.84

3.96

3.96

4.34

4.34

3.96

(1) of which 2,100,565 are held by Markku Jalkanen 
directly and 1,126,112 are held by Markku Jalkanen’s wife 
Sirpa Jalkanen

(2) of which 528,890 are held by Matti Manner directly 
and 22,145 are held by his wife

38

 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Corporate 
Governance 
Statement 

COMMUNICATING WITH SHAREHOLDERS

The contact details are below:

The Company acknowledges that effective communication 
with  shareholders  on  strategy  and  governance  is  an 
important  part  of  its  responsibilities.  Interim  and  final 
results  are  communicated  via  formal  meetings  with 
roadshows,  participation  in  conferences  and  additional 
dialogue  with  key  investor  representatives  held  in  the 
intervening periods. Faron recognises the Annual General 
Meeting as an opportunity to meet shareholders.

As  an  AIM  and  First  North  listed  company,  Faron 
complies the Market Abuse Regulation (both EU and UK 
domestic  laws  after  year  end  2020),  the  AIM  Rules  for 
Companies  and  the  Nasdaq  First  North  Growth  Market 
Rulebook.  The  Company  complies  with  other  relevant 
legislation in all its corporate communications issues. 

The Company speaks to the financial community and 
shareholders only through authorised representatives. In 
accordance with the Company’s disclosure policy, the Chief 
Executive Officer is the designated person to make public 
statements. The Chief Executive Officer may delegate this 
authority to other members of the management team.  In 
addition  to  the  CEO,  the  Vice  President  of  Funding  and 
Investor  Relations  is  able  to  communicate  externally 
on  behalf  of  the  Company,  and  the  CFO  is  authorised  to 
comment on financial matters.

email: investor.relations@faron.com

Media and investor relations:

Consilium Strategic Communications
email: faron@consilium-comms.com
Stern Investor Relations 
email: faron@sternir.com

SHARE DEALING

The  Company  has  established  a  share  dealing  code 
appropriate  to  an  AIM  and  First  North  listed  company, 
and  all  the  Directors  of  the  Company  understand  the 
importance of compliance to that code.

ETHICAL VALUES AND CORPORATE CULTURE

Faron  is  strongly  committed  to  conducting  its  business 
affairs  with  honesty  and  integrity  and  in  full  compliance 
with  all  applicable  laws,  rules  and  regulations.  The 
Company  requires  that  all  employees  and  Directors 
comply  with  all  laws,  rules  and  regulations  applicable  to 
the Company wherever it does business. 

Employees  and  Directors  should  endeavour 
to 
deal  honestly,  ethically  and  fairly  with  the  Company’s 
licensees,  business  partners, 
collaborators, 

licensors, 

39

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

suppliers,  customers,  competitors  and  other  employees. 
Statements  regarding  the  Company’s  therapies  and 
services  must  not  be  untrue,  misleading,  deceptive  or 
fraudulent.

Employees  and  Directors  act  in  the  best  interests  of 
the Company and use the Company’s assets and services 
solely  for  legitimate  business  purposes  of  the  Company 
and not for any personal benefit or the personal benefit of 
anyone else.

RISK MANAGEMENT AND INTERNAL CONTROL

The  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  identified  by  the 
Board  are  set  out  on  pages  21-23  of  the  2020  Report. 
The Board has put in place internal controls and systems 
which  are  designed  to  manage  rather  than  eliminate 
risk  and  provide  reasonable  but  not  absolute  assurance 
against  material  misstatement  or  loss.  A  key  element 
of  delivering  the  Company’s  strategy  and  managing  the 
risks facing the Company is the employment of a skilled 
workforce  and  use  of  appropriate  vendors.  The  Board 
reviews  the  risks  and  uncertainties  facing  the  Company 
and the effectiveness of its systems annually.

At present, the Company does not consider it necessary 
to have an internal audit function due to the small size of 
the administrative function, the frequent interaction with 
the auditors and the supervision of the audit committee. 
The  Board  is,  however,  closely  following  both  regulatory 
and  operational  developments  in  this  realm  and  plans 
to  react  appropriately  if,  and  to  the  extent,  considered 
necessary.

There  is  a  monthly  review  and  authorisation  of 
transactions  by  the  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  Chief 
Executive  Officer.  A  comprehensive  budgeting  process 
is  completed  once  a  year  and  is  reviewed  and  approved 
by the Board. The Company’s results, compared with the 
budget, are reported to the Board on a monthly basis and 
discussed in detail.

The Company maintains appropriate insurance cover 
in respect of actions taken against the Directors because 
of  their  roles,  as  well  as  against  material  loss  or  claims 
against  the  Company.  The  insured  values  and  type  of 
cover are comprehensively reviewed on a periodic basis.

REGULATED ADVISORS  

The shares of Faron are listed for trading on the London 
Stock  Exchange  AIM  and  Nasdaq  First  North  Growth 
Market  marketplaces,  which  require  the  nominating  of 
advisors.  Panmure  Gordon  (UK)  Limited  acted  as  the 
Company’s  nominated  adviser  and  broker  on  AIM  until 
27 July 2020, after which it has served as the Company’s 
broker. On the same date Cair Financial Advisers LLP was 
appointed  as  the  Company’s  nominated  advisor  on  AIM. 

Sisu  Partners  Oy  is  the  Company’s  certified  advisor  on 
First North.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

Faron acknowledges that running its business has an effect 
on society. In particular, the Company has a responsibility 
to the patients, its employees and contractors as well as 
the broader community in which it operates. 

Faron  is  committed  to  taking  responsibility  for  its 
actions  and  encourages  a  positive  contribution  towards 
improving  standards  for  patients  and  its  employees, 
minimising its impact on the environment and improving 
the quality of the local community.

Faron is committed to maintaining and promoting high 
standards  of  business  integrity.  The  Company’s  values, 
which  incorporate  the  principles  of  corporate  social 
responsibility and sustainability, guide its relationships with 
clients, employees and the communities and environment 
in  which  it  operates.  Faron’s  approach  to  sustainability 
addresses  both  its  environmental  and  social  impacts, 
supporting  its  vision  to  remain  an  employer  of  choice, 
while  meeting  client  demands  for  socially  responsible 
partners.  Faron  respects  local  laws  and  customs  while 
supporting international laws and regulations.

By putting CSR into practice, Faron is committed, wherever 
possible, to:

 • developing treatments for medical conditions with 

significant unmet needs 

 • conducting itself responsibly and in an ethical 

manner

 • creating a positive and supportive working 

environment

 • acting fairly in its dealings with suppliers and other 

third parties

 • minimising the impact on its environment

FARON’S CSR PRINCIPLES

Conduct

The  Company  aims  to  adopt  the  highest  professional 
standards and not to act in such a way as to compromise 
Faron’s integrity. Faron actively promotes respect between 
its  staff  members  in  their  dealings  with  each  other  and 
with suppliers and other third parties.

Working Environment
The  Company  recognises  that  its  staff  are  its  most 
important resource. Faron actively seeks to offer its staff a 
positive and healthy working environment and ensure that 
they have rewarding careers and job satisfaction.

40

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Faron seeks to ensure that all staff have access to the 
training they need both for their own development and to 
enable them to deliver a high-quality work contribution.

Faron considers all staff members to be equal and aims 
to create a working environment which is free of unlawful 
discrimination.  In  this  regard,  the  Company  maintain  an 
internal  code  of  conduct  based  on  professionalism  and 
respect.

Suppliers
Faron is committed to eliminating unlawful discrimination 
and to promoting equality and diversity in its professional 
dealings  with  suppliers  and  other  third  parties.  The 
Company endeavours to enter into clear and fair contracts 
with its suppliers.

Environment
Faron  is  committed  to  behaving  responsibly  and  to 
minimising its impact on the environment. In considering 
the  environment,  the  Company  has  resolved  to  include 
environmental  considerations  in  its  business  travel  and 
to  minimise  its  consumption  of  natural  resources  and 
manage  waste  through  responsible  disposal  and  reuse 
and recycling, including paper and ink cartridges.

Responsibility and Review
The Board has overall responsibility for the Company’s CSR 
strategy and for implementing Faron’s CSR principles. They 
have a key role in ensuring the systems and controls Faron 
has in place are effective. All members of staff have a role to 
play in complying with the Company’s CSR objectives and 
are encouraged to make further suggestions in relation to 
initiatives Faron could undertake.

Faron  is  fully  committed  to  the  highest  possible 
standards of openness, honesty and accountability. In line 
with that commitment, the Company actively encourages 
all staff members who have serious concerns about any 
real or perceived departure from the high ethical standard 
that it sets to voice those concerns openly.

STATEMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES

Under  the  Finnish  Limited  Liability  Companies  Act  and 
the  Finnish  Accounting  Act,  the  Company  must  prepare 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law 
and regulations.

The  Board  and  the  CEO  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation  of  financial  statements  that  give  a  true  and 
in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
fair  view 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as  adopted  by  the  EU,  as 
well  as  for  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  and 
the  report  of  the  Board  that  give  a  true  and  fair  view  in 
accordance  with  the  laws  and  regulations  governing  the 

preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  the  report 
of the Board in Finland. The Board is responsible for the 
appropriate arrangement of the control of the Company’s 
accounts  and  finances,  and  the  CEO  shall  see  to  it  that 
the  accounts  of  the  Company  are  in  compliance  with 
the  law  and  that  its  financial  affairs  have  been  arranged 
in  a  reliable  manner.  In  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the 
London Stock Exchange for companies trading securities 
on  AIM,  the  Company  is  also  required  to  prepare  annual 
accounts and financial statements under IFRS.

In  preparing  these  financial  statements,  the  Board  of 
Directors is required to: 

 • select suitable accounting policies and then apply 

them consistently;

 • make judgements and accounting estimates that 

are reasonable and prudent;

 • state whether they have been prepared in 

accordance with IFRS as adopted by the EU, subject 
to any material departures disclosed and explained 
in the financial statements;

 • prepare the financial statements on the going 

concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company will continue in business.

The  Board  and  the  CEO  are  responsible  for  keeping 
adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show 
and explain the Company’s transactions and disclose with 
reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial  position 
of  the  Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the 
financial statement comply with the requirements of the 
Finnish  Accounting  Act.  They  are  also  responsible  for 
safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Company  and  hence  for 
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection 
of fraud and other irregularities.

WEBSITE PUBLICATION

The Directors are responsible for ensuring that the financial 
statements  are  made  available  on  a  website.  Financial 
statements  are  published  on  the  Company’s  website  in 
accordance with AIM Rule 26, Nasdaq First North Growth 
Market Rulebook and the recommendations of the QCA’s 
Corporate Governance Code for Small and Medium Sized 
Companies.

On behalf of the Board

Frank Armstrong
Chairman
24 March 2021

41

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Directors’
Report

The Directors present their report together with the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 
December 2020. 

DIRECTORS

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2020  the  following 
persons have been members of the Board of the Company:

Executive 

Dr Markku Jalkanen, PhD | Chief Executive Officer

Non-executive  

Dr Frank Armstrong, FRCPE, FFPM | Chairman 
Mr Matti Manner, LLM | Vice-Chairman
Dr Gregory B Brown | Non-Executive Director
Mr John Poulos | Non-Executive Director
Mr Leopoldo Zambeletti | Non-Executive Director

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

For a discussion of the principal risks and uncertainties which 
face Faron please see pages 21 to 23 of this document.

RESULTS AND DIVIDENDS

The  Consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income 
for the year is set out on here.

The Company’s loss of the financial year after taxation 
and other comprehensive losses was €16.9  million (2019: 
€13.3 million).

The Company has no distributable equity and thus the 
Directors  do  not  recommend  the  payment  of  a  dividend 
(2019: nil).

The Company produces budgets and cash flow projections 
on  an  annual  basis  for  approval  by  the  Board.  These  are 
reviewed during the year and updated if needed to reflect any 
changes in the business. Detailed management accounts 
are  produced  on  a  monthly  basis,  with  all  significant 
variances 
investigated  promptly.  The  management 
accounts  are  reviewed  and  commented  on  by  the  Board 
at  Board  meetings  and  are  reviewed  and  reported  to  the 
Directors on a monthly basis by the Chief Financial Officer.

FINANCIAL KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIs)

For  a  review  of  the  Group’s  KPIs  please  see  page  18 
Financial Review.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Details of the Company’s key research and development 
programmes  can  be  found  in  the  Strategic  Report  and 
the detailed programme sections. See also notes 2.7 and 
6.  Further  information  is  also  available  on  the  Company 
website, www.faron.com.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND MANAGEMENT 
OF LIQUID RESOURCES

The  Company’s  principal  financial  instrument  comprises 
cash, and this is used to finance the Company’s operations. 
The  Company  has  also  other  financial  instruments  such 

42

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

The Company held the Annual General Meeting on 18 May 
2020.

In 2021, the Annual General Meeting will be held on 23 
April 2021. Further details will be provided to shareholders 
in advance of the meeting.

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

PricewaterhouseCoopers have expressed their willingness 
to continue in office as auditors for the year. A resolution 
to  reappoint  them  will  be  proposed  at  the  forthcoming 
Annual General Meeting.

DISCLOSURE AND INFORMATION TO AUDITORS

Each of the current Directors hereby confirms that: 
(a)  So  far  as  he  is  aware,  there  is  no  relevant  audit 
information of which the auditors are unaware; and
(b)  He  has  taken  all  reasonable  steps  to  ascertain  any 
relevant audit information and to ensure that the auditors 
are aware of such information

On behalf of the Board

Frank Armstrong
Chairman
24 March 2021

as leasing facilities that arise directly from its operations.
The Company has a policy, which has been consistently 
followed,  of  not  trading  in  financial  instruments  and 
to  minimise  currency  exposure  by  actively  matching 
currency expenses and income to the extent possible. The 
Company’s  cash  is  held  on  bank  accounts  in  reputable 
banks in Finland. The Group’s treasury policy is reviewed 
‘Financial  assets’,  note  19 
annually.  See  note  2.16 
‘Financial assets and liabilities’ and note 20, ‘Financial risk 
management’ in the notes to the Financial Statements for 
IFRS disclosure regarding financial instruments.

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDINGS 

On 31 December 2020, the Company had been notified of 
the following holdings of 3% or more of the issued share 
capital of the Company.

Timo Syrjälä (*)

Tom-Erik Lind

6,590,348

14.05 %

3,804,572

8.11 %

A&B (HK) Company Limited

3,408,409

7.27 %

Markku Jalkanen (**)

3,226,677

6.88 %

Marko Salmi

2,717,163

5.79 %

Fjarde AP Fonden (The Fourth 

Swedish National Pension Fund)

2,205,432

4.70 %

(*) of which 2,590,728  are held directly by Timo Syrjälä directly and 
3,999,620 are held by Acme Investments SPF S.à.r.l., an entity which
is wholly owned by Timo Syrjälä
(**) of which 2,100,565 are held by Markku Jalkanen directly and 
1,126,112 are held by Markku Jalkanen’s wife Sirpa Jalkanen 

The information presented in the above table is consistent 
with  the  Company’s  best  knowledge  as  at  31  December 
2020.

43

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Financial
Report

Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the year ended 31 December

 Group                                        Parent

€’000 

Revenue

Other operating income

Research and development expenses

General and administrative expenses

Operating loss

Financial expense

Financial income 

Loss before tax

Tax expense

Loss for the period

Note 

2020 

2019 

2020 

2019

3, 4

5

6, 7, 8

6, 7, 8

9

9

10

0   

2,122

(13,879)

(4,897)

(16,654)

(389)

107

0   

 185 

(10,237)

(3,049)

(13,101)

(224)

74

0   

2,122

(13,879)

(4,947)

(16,704)

(388)

113

0   

185 

(10,237)

(3,080)

(13,132)

(215)

77

(16,936)

(13,251)

(16,979)

(13,270)

(10)

(11)

(1)

(9)

(16,946)

(13,262)

(16,980)

(13,279)

Other comprehensive income

-

-

-

-

Total comprehensive loss for the period

(16,946)

(13,262)

(16,980)

(13,279)

Loss per ordinary share

Basic and diluted loss per share, EUR

 11

(0.37)

(0.36)

(0.37)

(0.36)

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Balance Sheet

€’000 

Assets

Non-current assets

Machinery and equipment

Right-of-use-assets

Subsidiary shares

Intangible assets

Prepayments and other receivables

Total non-current assets

Current assets

Prepayments and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

 Group                                        Parent

Note 

2020 

2019 

2020 

2019

12

14

24

12

13

15

16

14

361

-

565

56

996

3,263

4,108

7,371

13

386

-

529

77

14

361

18

565

191

13

386

18

529

209

 1,005

1,149

1,155

2,145

7,059

9,204

3,264

4,037

7,301

2,145

7,058

9,203

Total assets

8,367

 10,209

8,450

10,358

Equity and liabilities

Capital and reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Company

Share capital

Reserve for invested unrestricted equity

Accumulated deficit

Translation difference

Total equity

Non-current liabilities

Borrowings

Lease liabilities

Other liabilities

Total non-current liabilities

Current liabilities

Borrowings

Lease liabilities

Trade payables

Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

2,691

92,015

2,691

78,916

2,691

92,015

2,691

78,916

(96,557)

(79,997)

(96,598)

(80,003)

2

-

-

17, 18

(1,849)

1,610

(1,892)

19

14

21

19

14

22

22

2,728

199

786

3,713

122

176

4,608

1,597

6,503

2,263

261

-

2,524

163

135

2,967

2,810

6,075

2,717

199

788

3,704

122

176

4,826

1,514

6,638

-

1,604

2,263

261

-

2,524

163

135

3,173

2,759

6,230

Total liabilities

10,216

8,599

10,342

8,754

Total equity and liabilities

8,367

10,209

8,450

10,358

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Parent Company Statement of
Changes in Equity 

€’000 

Note 

Share 
capital	

Reserve for  Accumulated 
deficit	

invested	
unrestricted
equity

Total 
equity

Balance as at 31 December 2018

2,691

64,464

(66,775)

380

Comprehensive loss for the period

Transactions with equity holders of the Company 

Issue of ordinary shares, net of 

transaction costs EUR 1,174 thousand

Share-based compensation

17

7,18

-

-

-

-

-

(13,279)

(13,279) 

14,452

-

14,452

-

51

51

14,452 

51 

14,503

Balance as at 31 December 2019

2,691

78,916

(80,003)

1,604 

Comprehensive loss for the period

Transactions with equity holders of the Company

Issue of ordinary shares, net of transaction 

costs EUR 1,004 thousand 

Share-based compensation

17

7,18

-

-

-

-

-

(16,980)

(16,980)

13,098

-

13,098

-

386

386

13,098 

386 

13,484

Balance as at 31 December 2020

2,691

92,015

(96,598)

(1,892)

46

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Group Statement of
Changes in Equity 

€’000 

Note 

Share 
capital	

Reserve for 
invested	
unrestricted
equity

Translation 
difference	

Accumulated 
deficit	

Total
equity

Balance as at 31 December 2018

2,691

64,464

Comprehensive loss for the period

Transactions with equity holders of the Company 

Issue of ordinary shares, net of 

transaction costs EUR 1,174 thousand

Share-based compensation

17

7,18

-

-

-

-

-

14,452

-

14,452

Balance as at 31 December 2019

2,691

78,916

Comprehensive loss for the period

Transactions with equity holders of the Company

Issue of ordinary shares, net of transaction 

costs EUR 1,004 thousand 

Share-based compensation

17

7,18

-

-

-

-

-

13,098

-

13,098

Balance as at 31 December 2020

2,691

92,015

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

-

2

(66,768)

369 

(13,262)

(13,262) 

-

51

51

14,452 

51 

14,503

(79,997)

1,610 

(16,946)

(16,944)

-

13,098 

386

386

386 

13,484

(96,557)

(1,849) 

47

	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Statement of Cash Flows 

As at 31 December

 Group                                        Parent

€’000 

Note 

2020 

2019 

2020 

2019

Cash	flow	from	operating	activities

Loss before tax 

Adjustments for:

Received grant

Depreciation and amortisation

Interest expense

Unrealised foreign exchange loss (gain), net

Tax expense

Share-based compensation

Adjusted loss from operations before 

changes in working capital

Change in net working capital:

Prepayments and other receivables

Trade payables

Other liabilities

(16,936)

(13,251)

(16,979)

(13,270)

5

8

9

9

10

18

(587)

283

149

117

10

386

-

 238 

 158 

 (7)

11

51   

(587)

283

148

129

1

386

-

 238 

 155 

 (16)

9

51  

(16,578)

(12,800)

(16,619)

(12,833)

(1,097)

1,641

(1,416)

 1,173

(567) 

731

(1,101)

1,653

(1,441)

 1,041

(360) 

688

Cash used in operations

(17,450)

(11,463)

(17,508)

(11,464)

Taxes paid

Interest paid

(1)

(28)

(9)

(51)

(1)

(28)

(9)

(51)

Net cash used in operating activities

(17,479)

(11,523)

(17,537)

(11,524)

Cash	flow	from	investing	activities

Payments for acquisition of shares 

in subsidiaries

Payments for intangible assets

Payments for equipment

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash	flow	from	financing	activities

Proceeds from issue of shares

Share issue transaction cost

Proceeds from borrowings

Repayment of borrowings

Proceeds from grants

Payment of lease liabilities

24

12

12

17

17

20

20

5, 21

2.19

-

(137)

(5)

(142)

14,103

(1,004)

630

(122)

1,375

(195)

-

(100)

-

(100)

 15,627 

(1,175)

307 

-

-

(151)

-

(137)

(5)

(142)

14,103

(1,004)

630

(122)

1,375

(195)

(0)

(100)

(0)

(100)

 15,627 

(1,175)

307 

-

-

(151)

Net	cash	from	financing	activities

14,787

 14,608 

14,787

 14,608 

Net increase (+) / decrease (-) 

in cash and cash equivalents

Effect of exchange rate changes on  

cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

16

16

(2,834)

2,985

(2,892)

2,984

(117)

7,059

4,108

7

(129)

16

4,067

7,059

7,058

4,037

4,058

7,058

48

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Notes to the Financial Statement

1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

company 

in  Finland,  with 

biopharmaceutical 

Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd  (the  ”Company”)  is  a  clinical 
stage 
incorporated 
its  headquarters  at 
and  domiciled 
Joukahaisenkatu 6 B, 20520 Turku, Finland. The Company 
has a pipeline based on the receptors involved in regulation 
of immune response in oncology, organ damage and bone 
marrow regeneration.Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd. is listed 
on  the  London  Stock  Exchange’s  AIM  market  since  17 
November 2015, with a ticker FARN. On 21 November 2019 
the company announced it has submitted an application 
for the listing of its ordinary shares on Nasdaq First North 
Growth Market, a multilateral trading facility operated by 
Nasdaq Helsinki Ltd. The first date of trading at Nasdaq 
First North was 3 December 2019 (trading code FARON).

The Board of Directors of the Company approved the 

financial statements on 24 March 2021.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING 
POLICIES

2.1. Basis of Preparation

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared 
in 
accordance  with  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards  of  the  International  Accounting  Standards 
Board  (IASB)  and  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union 
(IFRS)  and  the 
International 
Financial Reporting Standards Interpretations Committee 
(IFRIC). The financial statements have been prepared on a 
historical cost basis, unless otherwise stated. 

interpretations  of  the 

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  the 
basis of a full retrospective application of IFRS 15, Revenue 
from Contracts with Customers, with the adoption date as 
of 1 January 2017.

The  principal  accounting  policies  applied 

in  the 
preparation  of  these  financial  statements  are  set  out 
below.  The  Company  has  consistently  applied  these 
policies  to  all  the  periods  presented,  unless  otherwise 
stated. The areas of the financial statements involving a 
higher degree of judgment or complexity, or areas where 
assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial 
statements are disclosed in note 2.21.

The  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  incorporate 
the  parent  company,  Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd,  and  all 
subsidiaries in which it holds over 50% of the voting rights. 
The  subsidiaries  established  during  the  financial  period 
are consolidated from the date that control was obtained 
by the Group.

The subsidiaries are consolidated by using the purchase 
method. All intragroup transactions, receivables, liabilities 
and  unrealized  gains  are  eliminated  in  the  Consolidated 
Financial  Statements.  Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd  holds 
100% ownership of all its subsidiaries.

The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented 
in  euro  which  is  the  functional  currency  of  the  parent 
company.  The  statements  of  comprehensive  income 
and  statements  of  cash  flows  of  foreign  subsidiaries, 
whose  functional  currency  is  not  euro,  are  translated 
into  euro  each  month  at  the  average  monthly  exchange 
rates,  while  the  statements  of  financial  position  of 
such  subsidiaries  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rate 
prevailing  at  the  reporting  date.  Translation  differences 
resulting from the translation of profit for the period and 
other  items  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  statement 
of  comprehensive  income  and  statement  of  financial 
position  are  recognised  as  a  separate  component  in 
equity  and  in  other  comprehensive  income.  Also,  the 
translation differences arising from the application of the 
purchase method and from the translation of equity items 
cumulated  subsequent  to  acquisition  are  recognised  in 
other comprehensive income.

All figures presented in notes are group figures if not 

else stated.

All  amounts  are  presented  in  thousands  of  euros, 
unless  otherwise  indicated,  rounded  to  the  nearest  euro 
thousand.

2.2. Going Concern 

As  part  of  their  going  concern  review  the  Directors  have 
followed the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, the 
Finnish  Accounting  Act  and  the  guidelines  published  by 
the  Financial  Reporting  Council  entitled  “Guidance  on 
the  Going  Concern  Basis  of  Accounting  and  Reporting 
on Solvency and Liquidity Risks – Guidance for directors 
of  companies  that  do  not  apply  the  UK  Corporate 
Governance Code”. The Company and its subsidiaries (the 
“Group”) are subject to a number of risks similar to those 
of  other  development  stage  pharmaceutical  companies. 
These  risks 
include,  amongst  others,  generation  of 
revenues  in  due  course  from  the  development  portfolio 
and 
research,  development, 
testing  and  obtaining  related  regulatory  approvals  of  its 
pipeline products. Ultimately, the attainment of profitable 
operations is dependent on future uncertain events which 
include obtaining adequate financing to fulfil the Group’s 
commercial  and  development  activities  and  generating 

risks  associated  with 

49

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a  level  of  revenue  adequate  to  support  the  Group’s  cost 
structure. 

denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  translated  at  the 
foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. 

The Group made a net loss of €16.9 million during the 
year ended 31 December 2020. At the end of the financial 
year, it had total equity of €1.8 million negative including 
an  accumulated  deficit  of  €97.0  million.  As  at  that  date, 
the Group had cash and cash equivalents of €4.1 million. 
In  February  2021,  the  Company  raised  €15.0  million 
gross through a directed share issue and at 28 February 
2020 Parent Company had EUR 15.5 million cash and an 
unaudited equity of EUR 10.9 million.

The  Directors  have  prepared  detailed  financial 
forecasts and cash flows looking beyond 12 months from 
the  date  of  the  approval  of  these  financial  statements. 
In  developing  these  forecasts,  the  Directors  have  made 
assumptions  based  upon  their  view  of  the  current  and 
future  economic  conditions  that  are  expected  to  prevail 
over the forecast period. The Directors estimate that the 
cash held by the Group together with known receivables will 
be sufficient to support the current level of activities into 
the fourth quarter of 2021. The Directors are continuing to 
explore sources of finance available to the Group and they 
believe they have a reasonable expectation that they will 
be able to secure sufficient cash inflows for the Group to 
continue its activities for not less than 12 months from the 
date of approval of these financial statements; they have 
therefore  prepared  the  financial  statements  on  a  going 
concern basis. 

Because  the  additional  finance  is  not  committed  at 
the date of issuance of these financial statements, these 
circumstances  represent  a  material  uncertainty  that 
may  cast  significant  doubt  on  the  Company’s  ability  to 
continue as going concern. Should the Group be unable to 
obtain further finance such that the going concern basis 
of  preparation  were  no  longer  appropriate,  adjustments 
would  be  required,  including  to  reduce  balance  sheet 
values of assets to their recoverable amounts, to provide 
for further liabilities that might arise.

2.3. Foreign Currency Transactions and Balances

Functional and Presentation Currency
The  financial  statements  are  presented  in  euro,  which  is 
the Group’s functional and presentation currency.

Transaction Currency
Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  translated  at  the 
exchange  rates  ruling  at  the  date  of  the  transaction. 
Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign 
currencies  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rates  ruling 
at  the  reporting  date.  Foreign  exchange  differences 
arising  on  translation  are  recognised  in  the  statement 
of  comprehensive 
income 
liabilities 
and  expenses.  Non-monetary  assets  and 

income,  within  financial 

2.4. Segment Reporting

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent 
with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating 
decision  maker.  The  Chief  Executive  Officer,  reviewing 
the  operating  results  regularly  to  make  decisions 
about  the  allocation  of  resources  and  to  assess  overall 
performance, is identified as the chief operating decision 
maker. The Chief Executive Officer manages the Group as 
one  integrated  business  and  hence,  the  Group  has  one 
operating and reportable segment.

2.5. Revenue Recognition

The Group adopted IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers effective 1 January 2017 and has applied the 
single,  principles  based  five-step  model  to  all  contracts 
with customers provided by IFRS 15 as follows: 

1.  Identify the contract with a customer
2.  Identify the performance obligations in the contract
3.  Determine the transaction price
4.  Allocate the transaction price to the performance 

obligations in the contract

5.  Recognise revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies 
a performance obligation (over time or at a point in 
time).

Revenue from Licensing Agreements
According to IFRS 15, performance obligation is a promise 
to provide a distinct good or service or a series of distinct 
goods  or  services.  Goods  and  services  that  are  not 
distinct  are  bundled  with  other  goods  or  services  in  the 
contract until a bundle of goods or services that is distinct 
is  created.  A  good  or  service  promised  to  a  customer 
is  distinct  if  the  customer  can  benefit  from  the  good  or 
service either on its own or together with other resources 
that are readily available to the customer and the entity’s 
promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is 
separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.
license 
agreements  with  Maruishi  in  Japan,  with  A&B  in  Greater 
China  and  with  Pharmbio  in  Republic  of  Korea  each 
include  only  one  performance  obligation,  which  is  the 
grant  of  the  license  to  use  of  its  intellectual  property 
(“IP”). After the Company has granted the license, it does 
not have an obligation to participate or provide additional 
services  to  its  customers.  The  transaction  price  for  the 
grant  of  the  license  to  use  the  Company’s  IP  comprises 
of  fixed  and  variable  payment  streams  and  the  grant  of 
the  license  is  considered  to  be  a  right  to  use  IP.  Upfront 

Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd.’s  existing 

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fees earned, are recognised as revenue at a point in time, 
upon transfer  of  control  over  the  license  to  the  licensee. 
Revenue from variable consideration, which are contingent 
on achievements of future milestones are recognised as 
revenue  when  it  is  highly  probable  the  revenue  will  not 
reverse,  that  is  when  the  underlying  contingencies  have 
been  resolved.  For  future  royalty  payments  associated 
with  a  license,  the  Group  applies  the  IFRS  15  exception 
for sales-based royalties and recognises the revenue only 
when the subsequent sale occurs. 

In addition, there is a potential performance obligation 
regarding  future  manufacturing.  Faron  Pharmaceuticals 
Ltd.  has  tentatively  agreed  on  supply  and  manufacture 
of the drug product to its licensees. The terms including 
quantities and commercial terms for the future supply will 
be subject to separate negotiations.

For  further  information  on  revenue  recognition,  see 

notes 2.21 and 3.

2.6. Recognition of Government Grants

The  direct  government  grants  are  recognised  as  other 
operating  income  at  the  same  time  as  the  underlying 
expenditure is incurred, provided that there is reasonable 
assurance  that  the  Company  will  receive  the  grant  and 
complies  with  the  conditions  of  such  grant.  Direct  grant 
payments  received  in  advance  of  the  incurrence  of  the 
expenditure  that  the  grant  is  intended  to  compensate 
are  deferred  at  the  reporting  date  and  presented  under 
advances received on the balance sheet.

The  indirect  government  assistance  in  the  form  of 
below-market  interest  government  loans  is  recognised 
as grant income and recorded as other operating income 
in the same period in which the company recognises the 
expenses for which the benefit is intended to compensate. 
Grant income is measured as the difference between the 
initial fair value of the loan and the proceeds received.

2.7. Research and Development Expenses

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred 
and presented under research and development expenses 
in  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income.  Research 
and development expenses include costs for outsourced 
clinical  trial  services,  materials  and  services,  employee 
benefits  and  other  expenditure  directly  attributable  to 
the  Company’s  research  and  development  activities. 
The Company’s research and development expenses are 
directly  related  to  the  Company’s  development  projects 
and may therefore fluctuate strongly from year to year. 

Capitalization of expenditure on the development of the 
Company’s products commences from the point at which 
technical  and  commercial  feasibility  of  the  product  can 
be demonstrated and it is probable that future economic 
benefits  will  result  from  the  product  once  completed. 

As  at  31  December  2020,  considering  the  development 
stage  of  the  Company’s  drug  candidates,  no  internally 
developed  assets  related  to  Company’s  development 
activities  had  met  these  criteria  and  had  therefore  not 
been recognised. The uncertainties inherent in developing 
pharmaceutical  products  prohibits  the  capitalization  of 
internal  development  expenses  as  an  intangible  asset 
until  the  marketing  approval  has  been  received  from  the 
relevant regulatory agencies.  

2.8. Employee Benefits

The  Group’s  employee  benefits  consist  of  short-
term  employee  benefits,  post-employment  benefits 
(defined  contribution  pension  plans)  and  share-based 
compensation. Short-term employee benefits are charged 
to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  year 
in  which  the  related  service  is  provided.  Under  defined 
contribution plans, the Group’s contributions are recorded 
as  an  expense  in  the  accounting  period  to  which  they 
relate and the Group does not have any further obligations 
once the contributions have been paid. 

2.9. Share-based Compensation

The  options  granted  under  share-based 
incentive 
programs  are  measured  at  fair  value  at  earlier  of  the 
grant date or the service commencement date, using the 
Black-Scholes  valuation  model.  The  options,  for  which 
the option exercise price is determined later, right before 
the  vesting,  an  estimate  is  used  to  determine  the  fair 
value at service commencement date and the estimate is 
subsequently  revised  until  the  options  become  granted. 
The share-based compensation expense is recognised on 
a straight-line basis over the vesting period together with 
a corresponding increase in equity, based on the Group’s 
estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest. At 
each reporting date, the Group revises its estimate of the 
number  of  equity  instruments  that  are  expected  to  vest 
and its estimate of the grant date fair value for the options 
with  earlier  service  commencement  date.  The  exercise 
price paid by the option or warrant holder to subscribe the 
Group’s  shares  is  recognised  in  the  reserve  for  invested 
unrestricted equity.

2.10. Loss per Share

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the loss for 
the period with the weighted average number of ordinary 
shares during the period.

Since  the  Group  has  reported  losses,  inclusion  of 
unexercised  options  would  decrease  the  loss  per  share 
and  therefore  not  taken  into  account  in  diluted  loss  per 
share calculation. 

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2.11. Income Tax

2.15. Inventories

Income  tax  expense  for  the  period  consists  of  current 
and deferred taxes. Tax is recognised in the statement of 
comprehensive income, except for the income tax effects 
of  items  recognised  in  other  comprehensive  income  or 
directly  in  equity,  which  is  similarly  recognised  in  other 
comprehensive income or equity. 

Deferred  taxes  are  recognised  using  the 

liability 
method on temporary differences arising between the tax 
bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts 
in the financial statements. Deferred taxes are determined 
using  tax  rates  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  by  the 
balance  sheet  date  in  the  respective  countries  and  are 
expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is 
realised or the deferred tax liability is settled. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognised only to the 
extent  that  it  is  probable  that  future  taxable  income  will 
be available, against which the temporary differences, tax 
losses and tax credit can be utilized. 

2.12. Machinery and Equipment

The Group’s machinery and equipment comprise of office 
furniture and equipment, which is stated at historical cost 
less depreciation and any impairment losses. The historical 
cost  includes  expenditure  that  is  directly  attributable  to 
the acquisition of the machinery and equipment.

Depreciation 

is  calculated  using  the  straight-line 
method over the asset’s estimated useful life of four years. 
Depreciation is recorded to the costs of the asset function.

2.13. Intangible Assets

The  Group’s  intangible  assets  comprise  of  capitalized 
patent  costs  arising  in  connection  with  the  preparation, 
filing and obtaining of patents. Patent cost are amortised 
on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of the patents 
of ten years. 

2.14. Impairment of Non-financial Assets

Assets that are subject to depreciation or amortisation are 
reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  there  are  indications 
that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  for  the  amount  by 
which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable 
amount.  The  recoverable  amount  is  the  higher  of  an 
asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. 
The value in use represents the discounted future net cash 
flows expected to be derived from the asset. 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable 
value.  The  cost  includes  all  costs  of  direct  materials 
and  external  services  associated  with  the  process  of 
manufacturing  of  the  goods  sellable  upon  obtaining  the 
regulatory marketing approval. The cost of inventories is 
fully written down.

2.16. Financial Assets

The Group’s financial assets comprise of other receivables 
and  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  which  are  all  classified 
to the category “financial assets measured at amortised 
cost”. These are non-derivative financial assets with fixed 
or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active 
market.  They  are  included  in  current  assets,  except  for 
maturities  greater  than  12  months  after  the  reporting 
date, which are classified as non-current assets. 

Other  receivables  consist  mainly  of  VAT  refund  and 
restricted cash in the form of security deposits for rental 
agreements.  Cash  and  cash  equivalents  comprise  cash 
on hand and at banks.

2.17. Financial Liabilities

The  Group’s  financial 
interest 
bearing borrowings, trade payables, other non-current and 
current liabilities.

liabilities  comprise  of 

Borrowings  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value,  less 
any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs.  Subsequently 
borrowings  are  carried  at  amortised  cost  using  the 
effective  interest  method.  Borrowings  are  presented  as 
current  liabilities  unless  the  Group  has  an  unconditional 
right  to  defer  settlement  of  the  liability  for  at  least  12 
months after the end of the reporting period. Borrowings 
are not derecognised until the liability has ceased to exist, 
that  is,  when  the  obligation  identified  in  a  contract  has 
been fulfilled or cancelled or is no longer effective.

Borrowings  comprise  of  four  government  loans  with 
a below-market rate of interest from The Finnish Funding 
Agency for Technology and Innovation (formerly “Tekes”, 
currently “Business Finland”), of which two have been fully 
drawn down before the Group’s date to transition to IFRS. 
Accordingly, the Group has utilized the IFRS 1 exemption 
and not accounted for the below-market grant separately 
for these two loans, which are carried at amortised cost.

The  government  loan  originated  after  the  date  of 
transition to IFRS was initially recognised and measured 
at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost over the 
loan  period  by  using  the  effective  interest  method.  The 
grant component of the loan, which is the benefit of the 
below-market interest rate, is measured as the difference 

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between the initial fair value of the loan and the proceeds 
received.

Trade  payables  and  other  liabilities  are  classified  as 
current  liabilities,  unless  the  Group  has  an  unconditional 
right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months 
after the end of the reporting period, in which case they are 
classified as non-current liabilities. The carrying amount of 
trade payables and other current liabilities are considered 
to be the same as their fair values, due to their short-term 
nature.  Non-current  liabilities  are  initially  measured  at  fair 
value and subsequently at amortised cost.

2.18. Equity

The  Group’s  equity  comprises  of  share  capital,  reserve 
for  invested  unrestricted  equity  and  accumulated  deficit. 
The  proceeds  from  issuance  of  new  ordinary  shares,  less 
incremental  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  issue,  are 
credited  to  the  reserve  for  invested  unrestricted  equity,  in 
accordance with the terms and conditions of the share issue. 
The accumulated deficit comprises of the accumulated 

profits and losses of the Group since the inception. 

Under  the  Finnish  Limited  Liability  Companies  Act 
(624/2006,  as  amended),  if  the  board  of  directors  of  a 
company  notices  that  the  company  has  negative  equity, 
the  board  must  make  a  register  notification  on  the  loss 
of  share  capital.  However,  if  the  fair  value  of  the  assets 
of  the  company  is  otherwise  than  temporarily  notably 
higher  than  their  book  value,  the  difference  between  the 
probable  current  price  and  the  book  value  may  be  taken 
into  account  as  an  addition  to  equity.  During  the  Period, 
the Board noticed that the Company had negative equity. 
The  Board  reviewed  the  situation,  carried  out  a  survey 
of  the  amount  of  equity  and  took  measures  to  remedy 
the  financial  position  of  the  Company  so  that,  following 
the  placing  announced  in  February  2021,  the  Company 
had  at  the  end  of  February  2021  positive  equity.  In 
ascertaining  the  financial  position  of  the  Company,  the 
Board, exercising special caution, noted that the fair value 
of the intellectual property assets of the Company related 
to  Clevegen  and  Traumakine  is  notably  higher  than  their 
book value. In making the calculations required under the 
Limited Liability Companies Act, that difference was taken 
into account as an addition to equity and, accordingly, no 
register notification was made.

2.19. Leases

The Company as Lessee
This note explains the impact of the adoption of IFRS 16 
Leases  on  the  Group’s  financial  statements.    The  group 
has  adopted  IFRS  16  Leases  retrospectively  from  1 
January 2019, but has not restated comparatives for the 

2018  reporting  period,  as  permitted  under  the  specific 
transition provisions in the standard. The reclassifications 
and  the  adjustments  arising  from  the  new  leasing  rules 
are therefore recognised in the opening balance sheet on 
1 January 2019. 

On  adoption  of  IFRS  16,  the  group  recognised  lease 
liabilities  in  relation  to  leases  which  had  previously  been 
classified as ‘operating leases’ under the principles of IAS 
17 Leases. These liabilities were measured at the present 
value of the remaining lease payments, discounted using 
the  lessee’s  incremental  borrowing  rate  as  of  1  January 
2019. 

The weighted average lessee’s incremental borrowing 
rate applied to the lease liabilities on 1 January 2019 was 
5.0%.

From 1 January 2019, the Group recognises all leases, 
with the exception of short-term (i.e. lease term less than 
12  months)  and  low  value  leases,  in  line  with  IFRS  16 
Leases as right-of-use assets with a corresponding lease 
liability at the date at which the leased asset is available 
for use by the Group. A contract is or contains a lease if 
the Group has the right to control the use of an identified 
asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. 
When  determining  the  lease  term,  the  Group  assesses 
the  probability  of  exercising  extension  and  termination 
options over the non-cancellable period by considering all 
relevant facts and circumstances. Right-of-use assets and 
lease liabilities are initially recognised on the consolidated 
balance sheet at future fixed lease payments over the lease 
term.  Lease  payments  are  discounted  to  present  value 
using  an  effective  interest  rate.  Right-of-use  assets  are 
depreciated on a straight-line basis over the lease term and 
reviewed  periodically  for  indication  of  impairment.  When 
the future lease payments are revised due to changes in 
index-linked considerations or the lease term changes, the 
right-of-use asset and the corresponding lease liability is 
remeasured.  Any  differences  arising  on  reassessments 
are  recognised  in  the  consolidated  income  statement. 
Interest  expense  on  lease  liabilities  is  presented  within 
Interest  expense  in  the  consolidated  income  statement. 
In  the  consolidated  cash  flow  statement,  the  principal 
portion of the lease payment is presented in the cash flow 
from financing activities. 

Practical  expedients  applied  in  applying  IFRS  16  for 
the first time, the group has used the following practical 
expedients permitted by the standard:

 • accounting for operating leases with a remaining 

lease term of less than 12 months as at 1 January 
2019 as short-term lease
low-value leasing assets are not included

 •

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2.20. Provisions and Contingent Liabilities

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present 
legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it 
is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to 
settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount 
can be made. The Group does not have provisions at the 
end of the reporting periods presented in these financial 
statements. 

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises 
from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only  by  the  occurrence  of  uncertain  future  events  not 
wholly  within  the  control  of  the  entity.  Such  present 
obligation that probably does not require settlement of a 
payment  obligation  and  the  amount  of  which  cannot  be 
reliably  measured  is  also  considered  to  be  a  contingent 
liability. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the notes to 
the financial statements. 

2.21. Critical Accounting Estimates and Significant 
Management Judgements in Applying Accounting 
Policies

Revenue Recognition
The Group early adopted IFRS 15 on 1 January 2017 with 
full retrospective application. In determining the amounts 
to be recognised as revenue, the Group uses its judgement 
in the following main issues:

 •

Identifying the performance obligations in the 
license agreements and determining whether the 
license provided is distinct - based on the Group’s 
analysis, the license is distinct as the licensee is able 
to benefit from the license on its own at its current 
stage and the licensee has the responsibility for 
the development in that territory. The management 
has determined that the provision of data and 
information generated by the Group in connection 
with its own development activities to facilitate the 
licensees’ territory-specific development efforts 
is immaterial (perfunctory) to the grant of the 
license to the IP and does not constitute a separate 
performance obligation. 

 • Management has concluded that the license meets 
the criteria to be classified as a right to use, as 
the license granted provides at the outset of the 
contract all necessary documents and knowhow 
to utilize the license. The contract does not 
define activities that would significantly affect the 
intellectual property to which the licensee has rights 
after the date of granting.

Share-based Compensation
The  Group 
for  share-based 
compensation. For share options management estimates 

recognises  expenses 

certain factors used in the option pricing model, including 
volatility,  vesting  date  of  options  and  number  of  options 
likely  to  vest.  If  these  estimates  vary  from  actual 
occurrence, this will impact the value of the share-based 
compensation.  Further  details  of  the  Group’s  estimation 
of share-based compensation are disclosed in note 18.

Clinical Trial Accruals
Quantification  of  the  accruals  related  the  clinical  trials 
require  a  lot  of  detailed  information  about  the  services 
performed.  The  services  invoiced  by  Contract  Research 
Organisations  consist  of  contributions  of  various 
tasks 
independent  subcontractors  and 
completed may be reported with significant delays.  Also 
the clinical study sites, may invoice their costs with long 
delays.  These  factors  combined  result  in  a  complicated 
task  of  defining  on  which  period  the  cost  belongs  to 
and  the  Company  has  implemented  a  detailed  tracking 
process to minimize any judgement needed. 

the  actual 

2.22. New and Amended Standards and 
Interpretations Adopted by the Group

New standards not to yet implemented by the Group:
Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial State-
ments and IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in 
Accounting Estimates and Errors. The purpose of the 
amendments is to align the definition of ‘material’ across 
the standards and to clarify certain aspects of the defini-
tion. The amendments clarify that materiality will depend 
on the nature or magnitude of information, or both. 

3. REVENUE

Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd.  has  entered  into  exclusive 
license  agreements  with  Maruishi  in  Japan,  with  A&B 
in  Greater  China  and  with  Pharmbio  in  the  Republic 
of  Korea  for  the  development,  commercialization  and 
supply of Traumakine and is entitled to related milestone 
payments. The Company retains rights to Traumakine in 
the rest of the world. The license partners are responsible 
for  all  regulatory  activities  and  needed  clinical  activities 
necessary for commercialization in respective territories. 
Under  the  license  agreements,  the  Company  is  also 
entitled to receive royalty payments based on the product 
sales in territories, but such royalties have not been earned 
or recognised to revenue during the periods presented.

License Agreement and Supply Agreement with Maruishi
In  2011,  the  Company  entered  into  a  license  agreement 
with  Japanese  license  partner  Maruishi.  The  Company 
has  not  recognised  revenue  for  the  Maruishi  license 
agreement during the periods presented but is entitled to 
receive additional payments upon achievement of certain 

54

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

development or commercial milestones. 

In 2014, the Company entered into a separate supply 
agreement with Maruishi for the delivery of investigational 
medicinal products to be used in territory-specific clinical 
studies. In 2020 the Company has not recognised revenue 
from deliveries based on this agreement.

License Agreement with Pharmbio
In 2016, the Company entered into license agreement with 
Korean license partner Pharmbio and met the upfront at 
signing.  In  this  connection  the  Company  satisfied  the 
performance obligation for the grant of the license and use 
of its IP and recognised revenue in the amount of EUR 750 
thousand.  The  Company  is  entitled  to  receive  additional 
milestone  payments  from  Pharmbio  only 
if  certain 
development or commercial milestones are achieved. 

4. SEGMENT REPORTING

Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd.  is  a  late  clinical  stage  drug 
discovery  and  development  company.  Its  operations 
have been focused on the development of its main drug 
candidates  Traumakine  and  Clevegen.  The  Group’s  chief 
operating decision maker has been identified as the Chief 
Executive Officer (CEO). 

The  CEO  manages  the  Group  as  one  integrated 
business  and  hence  the  Group  has  one  operating  and 
reportable segment.

The Group had no revenue in 2020 (EUR 0 thousand 

in 2019). 

All  of  the  Group’s  non-current  assets  are  located  in 

Finland.

55

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

5. OTHER OPERATING INCOME

7. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

€’000

Year ended 31 December

2020                   

2019

Grant from the European Union

Grant from Business Finland

Grant component of government 

loans

Other income

Total operating income

587

162

152

1,221

2,122

-

-

-

185

185

Grant from the European Union comprise of direct funding 
from  the  European  Commission  under  the  Horizon 
2020  research  and  innovaton  programme  (for  research 
and  technological  development  to  support  the  Matins 
clinical  program).  Grant  from  Business  Finland  is  also 
direct  funding  to  support  Cancer  IO  research.  The  grant 
component  of  government  loan  comprise  of  indirect 
financial benefit from the below-market interest of a loan 
from Business Finland which  has been granted to finance 
Traumakine manufacturing. The other income consists of 
the reimbursement of already occurred legal expenses by 
the  third-party  recovery  services  provider  as  announced 
by the Company on 30 December 2019.

€’000

Salaries

Pension expenses – 
contribution-based plans

Social security contributions

Share-based compensation

Year ended 31 December

2020

2019

(3,593)

(2,711)

(480)

(116)

(386)

(417)

(97)

(51)

Total	employee	benefit	expenses

(4,575)

(3,276)

Employee benefit expenses by function                         

Research and development expenses

 (2,894)

General and administrative expenses 

(1,681)

Total	employee	benefit	expenses

(4,575)

 (2,099)

(1,177)

(3,276)

The average number of personnel in 2020 was 30 (2019: 
24).  Share-based  compensation  information  is  included 
in note 18 and management remuneration information in 
note 24.

8. DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

6. BREAKDOWN OF EXPENSES BY FUNCTION

€’000

Year ended 31 December

2020               

2019

Research and Development Expenses

€’000

Materials and services

Employee benefits

Outsourced clinical 
trials services

Other R&D costs

Depreciation and amortization

Total research and  
development expenses

Year ended 31 December

2020                   

2019

(5,739)

(2,894)

(5,604)

(2,099)

(4,393)

(1,906)

(628)

(225)

(437)

(191)

Depreciation and amortisation  
by type of asset

Depreciation for right-of-use-assets

(178)

(137)

Intangible assets - patents

Intangible assets

Machinery and equipment

(98)

(3)

 (4)

(94)

(2)

 (4)

Total depreciation and amortisation

(283)

(238)

Depreciation and amortisation by function                        

Research and development expenses

(225)

(13,879)

(10,237)

General and administrative expenses

(58)

Total depreciation and amortisation

(283)

(191)

(47)

(238)

General and Administration Expenses 

€’000

Other G&A costs

Employee benefits

Communication

Depreciation and amortization 

Total general and  
administrative expenses

Year ended 31 December

2020                   

2019

(2,820)

(1,681)

(338)

(58)

(1,615)

(1,177)

(210)

(47)

(4,897)

(3,049)

56

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

9. FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES

€’000

Financial income

Interest income

Gains from foreign exchange

Total	financial	income

Financial expenses

Interest expenses

Losses from foreign exchange

Interest expenses from lease liabilities

Other financial expenses

Total	financial	expenses

Year ended 31 December

2020                  

2019

€’000

Year ended 31 December

2020                 

2019

9

98

107

(127)

(227)

(22)

(13)

(389)

-

74

74

(133)

(66)

(23)

(2)

(224)

Loss before tax

(16,936)

(13,251)

Income tax calculated at Finnish 
tax rate 20%

Tax losses and temporary  
differences for which no deferred  
tax asset is recognised

Non-deductible expenses and 
tax exempt income

Non-credited foreign withholding taxes

Taxes in the statement of  
comprehensive income

3,387

2,650

(3,491)

(2,858)

104

(10)

(10)

208

(11)

(11)

Tax losses and deductible temporary differences for which 
no deferred assets have been recognised, are as follows:

Total	financial	income	and	 
expenses, net

(282)

(150)

Interest  expenses  consist  of  paid  and  accrued  interest 
expenses.  The  accrued  interest  expense  relates  mainly 
to the government loans, see note 19. Interest expenses 
recognised  from  lease  liabilities  totalled  to  EUR  22 
thousand (2019: EUR 23 thousand).

The  foreign  exchange  losses  relate  to  euro  value 

changes of cash balances nominated in Pound Sterling.

Unrealised foreign exchange loss is EUR 117  thousand 
and  EUR  7  thousand  for  the  years  ended  31  December 
2020 and 2019, respectively.

10. TAX EXPENSE 

€’000

Tax expense

Total tax expense

Year ended 31 December

2020                

2019

(10)

(10)

(11)

(11)

Income tax consists of foreign corporation tax.

The difference between income taxes at the statutory 
tax rate in Finland (20%) and income taxes recognised in 
the statement of comprehensive income is reconciled as 
follows:

€’000

Year ended 31 December

2020

2019

R&D expenses not yet deducted  
in taxation (1)

Tax losses carried forward (2)

Total

54,981

38,158

93,139

58,606

16,053

74,659

(1)  The  Group  has  incurred  research  and  development 
costs, that have not yet been deducted in its taxation. The 
amount  deferred  for  tax  purposes  can  be  deducted  over 
an indefinite period. 
(2) Tax losses carried forward expire over the period of 10 
years. The tax losses will expire as follows:

€’000

2020

2019

Expiry within five years

Expiry within 6-10 years

Total

13,276

24,882

38,158

31

16,022

16,053

The related deferred tax assets have not been recognised 
in the balance sheet due to the uncertainty as to whether 
they can be utilized. The Group has a loss history, which 
is  considered  a  significant  factor  in  the  consideration  of 
not recognising deferred tax assets. The total tax value of 
unrecognised deferred tax assets is EUR 18,628 thousand 
(2019: EUR 14,932 thousand).

57

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

The  Group  does  not  have  any  other  deductible  or 
taxable temporary differences. Therefore, no deferred tax 
assets  or  liabilities  have  been  recognised  in  the  balance 
sheet  and  thus  the  itemisation  of  deferred  taxes  is  not 
provided.

12. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND MACHINERY AND 
EQUIPMENT

€’000

Intangible 
assets

Machinery
and
equipment

11. LOSS PER SHARE

Book value on 1 January 2020

Loss  per  share  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  net  loss  by 
the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue 
during the year. 

Additions

Disposals

€’000

Year ended 31 December

2020

2019

Loss for the period

(16,946)

(13,262)

Weighted average number of 
ordinary shares in issue

Basic and dilutive loss  
per share (in €)

45,712,111

36,850,577

Accumulated depreciation/amortisation

(495)

(0.37)

(0.36)

Book value 31 December 2020

Depreciation/amortisation

Book value 31 December 2020

As at 31 December 2020

Acquisition cost

Accumulated disposals

As of 31 December 2020, Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd. had 
only  share  options  outstanding.  Number  of  potentially 
dilutive 
totalled 
instruments  currently  outstanding 
3,694,000 as of 31 December 2020 (31 December 2019: 
1,540,900).  Since  the  Group  has  reported  a  net  loss,  the 
share options would have a further dilutive effect and are 
therefore not taken into account in diluted loss per share-
calculation. As such, there is no difference between basic 
and diluted loss per share.

Book value 1 January 2019

Additions

Disposals

Depreciation/amortisation 

Book value 31 December 2019

As at 31 December 2019

Acquisition cost

Accumulated disposals

529

137

-

(102)

565

1,060

-

565

525

100

-

(96)

529

923

-

13 

5 

- 

(4)

14

44 

- 

(30) 

14

17 

- 

- 

(4) 

13

39 

- 

(26) 

13

Accumulated depreciation/amortisation

(394)

Book value 31 December 2019

529

13. NON-CURRENT PREPAYMENTS AND OTHER 
RECEIVABLES

€’000

As at 31 December

2020                   

2019

Production supplies 

Other receivables

Total non-current prepayments 
and other receivables

-

55

55

38

39

77

Group  has  written  down  production  supplies  due  to 
products’  shelf  life  extinction.  Other  receivables  consist 
mainly of restricted cash in the form of security deposits 
for rental agreements.

58

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

14. RIGHT-OF-USE-ASSETS AND LEASING 
LIABILITIES

€’000

31 December 
2020

1 January
2020

Right-of-use assets

Office

Vehicle

Total right-of-use assets

Lease liabilities

Long-term leasing liability

Short-term leasing liability

Total leasing liabilities

359

2

361

199

176

375

366

20

386

261

134

395

The  Company  rented  additional  office  premises  during 
2020,  the  addition  on  Right-of-use  assets  was  EUR  152 
thousand .

15. CURRENT PREPAYMENTS AND OTHER 
RECEIVABLES

€’000 

Prepayments

Other receivables

Receivable for production defects 

VAT receivable

 Group                                      Parent

2020 

1,993

740

434

96

As at 31 December
2020 

2019 

895

521

434

295

1,993

741

434

96

2019

895

521

434

295

Total current prepayments and other receivables

3,263

2,145

3,264

2,145

The majority of prepayments consist of the Clinical Service 
Agreements  with  Contract  Research  Organisations, 
which  are  current  service  providers  in  different  clinical 
trials.  Other  receivables  include  accrued  invoices  and 
receivables from the third-party recovery services provider 
as announced by the Group on 30 December 2019. 

59

 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

16. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

€’000 

Bank accounts

Total cash and cash equivalents

 Group                                      Parent

2020 

4,108

4,108

As at 31 December
2020 

2019 

7,059

7,059

4,037

4,037

2019

7,058

7,058

17. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Movements in number of shares, share capital and reserve 
for invested unrestricted equity were as follows:

€’000 

1 January 2019

Issue of new shares, net of transaction costs

31 December 2019

1 January 2020

Issue of new shares, net of transaction costs

31 December 2020

On  28  March  2019,  the  number  of  shares  was 
increased to 35,476,519 following the issue of 4,448,625 
new shares, on 13 May 2019 the number of shares was 
increased to 37,233,894 following the issue of 1,757,375 
new shares. On 5 August 2019, the number of shares was 
increased  to  38,175,734  following  the  issue  of  941,840 
new shares, on 27 August 2019, the number of shares was 
increased to 39,355,427 following the issue of 1,179,513 
new  shares  and  on  12  November  2019  the  number  of 
shares was increased to 43,290,747 following the issue of 
3,935,500 new shares. 

On 23 April 2020, the number of shares was increased 
to 45,183,510 following the issue of 1,892,763 new shares, 
On 24 April 2020, the number of shares was increased to 
46,133,510  following  the  issue  of  950,000  new  shares, 
on 28 April 2020, the number of shares was increased to 
46,790,747  following  the  issue  of  657,237  new  shares.  
On 22 May 2020, the number of shares was increased to 
46,799,747 following the issue of 9,000 new shares. On 23  
September 2020, the number of shares was increased to 
46,814,747 following the issue of 15,000 new shares, On  
30  November 2020, the number of shares was increased 
to 46,896,747 following the issue of 82,000 new shares.

60

 Total registered 
shares (pcs) 

Share 
capital 

Reserve for
unrestricted
equity

31,027,894

12,262,853

43,290,747

43,290,747

3,606,000

46,896,747

2,691

-

2,691

2,691

-

2,691

64,464 

14,452 

78,916

78,916 

13,098 

92,015

Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd. has one class of ordinary 
shares. The shares have no par value. Each share entitles 
the holder to one vote at the Annual General Meeting and 
equal dividend. All shares are fully paid. 

The  subscription  price  for  the  shares  is  recorded 
to  the  share  capital,  unless  the  Board  has  made  a 
resolution to record the subscription price in the reserve 
for invested unrestricted equity. If the shares of a Finnish 
limited  liability  company  have  no  par  value  according  to 
its  articles  of  association,  the  Finnish  Limited  Liability 
Companies  Act  allows  companies  the  recognition  of  the 
proceeds from share issuance to the reserve for invested 
unrestricted  equity.  In  such  situations  the  board  of  a 
company  can  choose  on  a  subscription  by  subscription 
basis,  how  much  of  the  issue,  if  anything,  is  recorded  in 
share  capital  and  how  much  to  the  reserve  for  invested 
unrestricted equity that is distributable. During 2019 and 
2020, the Board recognised all relevant transactions in the 
invested unrestricted equity reserve.

 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

18. SHARE OPTIONS 

Option Plan 2015
The  Option  Plan  2015  was  approved  at  the  Company’s 
extraordinary  shareholders’  meeting  on  15  September 
2015 as part of the Group’s incentive scheme determined 
by the Board of Directors. The share options are granted 
to  the  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  and  the 
management team and other management and employees 
for  no  consideration.  The  annual  general  meeting  on  16 
May  2017  resolved  to  amend,  due  to  the  increase  in  the 
number of employees in the Group and the increase in the 
number of members of the Board of Directors, the Option 
Plan so that a maximum total of 500,000 C options and a 
maximum total of 500,000 D options may be offered under 
initial Option Plan terms and conditions. The share options 
have  a  service  condition  and  are  forfeited  in  case  the 
employee  leaves  the  Company  before  the  share  options 
vest,  unless  the  Board  of  Directors  approves  otherwise. 
After  the  beginning  of  the  share  subscription  period,  the 
vested options may be freely transferred or exercised. The 
fair  value  of  the  options  has  been  determined  using  the 
Black  &  Scholes  option  valuation  model  and  expensed 
over the vesting period. Grant dates for the share options 
may vary depending on the date when the Company and 

the  employees  agree  to  the  key  terms  and  conditions  of 
the Option Plan. The maximum number of share options 
that can be awarded under the Option Plan is 1.800.000 in 
four different tranches designated as A options, B options, 
C  options  and  D  options.  Each  share  option  entitles  the 
holder of the option to subscribe for one ordinary share in 
the Company.

The  exercise  price  for  ordinary  shares  based  on 
A  options  is  euro  equivalent  of  the  Company’s  share 
subscription price in the Company’s initial public offering 
on the AIM market  place of the  London Stock Exchange 
on  17  November  2015.  The  exercise  price  for  ordinary 
shares  based  on  B  options,  C  options  and  D  options  is 
euro  equivalent  of  the  exercise  price  determined  based 
on the Company’s average share price on the AIM market 
place during 1 July - 30 September 2016, 2017 and 2018, 
respectively.

Key  characteristics  and  terms  of  the  option  plan  are 

listed in the table below. 

The date of the allocation of D options to the employees 
and  key  management  is  30  June  2019,  which  has  been 
used in the option calculations. 

2015 Option Plan

A options

B options

C options

D options

Maximum number of share options

400,000

400,000

500,000  

500,000

Exercise price, EUR

Dividend adjustment

Beginning of
subscription period

3.71

No

2.90

No

8.39 

No

1.09

No

2 November 2015

8 October 2016

8 October 2017

8 October 2018

End of subscription period

30 September 2021

30 September 2021

30 September 2021

30 September 2021

Vesting conditions

Service until the beginning of the subscription period

61

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

2020
2015 Option Plan

2019
2015 Option Plan

Number of share options

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

Outstanding at 1 
January

Granted

Forfeited

Exercised

Outstanding at 31 
December

Exercisable at 31 
December

The weighted average 
fair value of the share 
options granted, EUR

The weighted average 
share price at the date 
of exercise, EUR

385,000

385,900

500,000

500,000

385,000

385,900

500,000

270,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

106,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

230,000

-

-

385,000

385,900

500,000

394,000

385,000

385,900

500,000

500,000

385,000

385,900

500,000

394,000

385,000

385,900

500,000

500,000

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3.32

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.20

-

2020
2015 Option Plan

2019
2015 Option Plan

Determination of the fair value for the share options granted

C

D

C

D

Share price at grant date, EUR

4.51–9.39

0.62–4.96

4.51–9.39

0.62–4.96

Subscription price, EUR 

Volatility, %(*)

Interest free rate, %

Expected dividends yield, %

Option fair value, EUR

4.51–8.39

1.09–4.96

4.51–8.39

1.09–4.96

42.59–52.57

0.01

0

55.60

0.01

0

42.59–52.57

0.01

0

55.60

0.01

0

1.42–4.01

0.11–1.25

1.42–4.01

0.11–1.25

(*) Expected volatility was determined as the average volatility of a peer group consisting of ten comparable biotechnology companies listed on London 
Stock Exchange AIM list.

There was no effect on earnings 2020 or 2019 based on 
share  options  granted  under  the  2015  Option  Plan.  The 
share  based  compensation  expense  for  the  Option  Plan 
2015 was EUR 0 in 2020 (EUR 51 thousand in 2019).

62

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

Option Plan 2019
The Option Plan 2019 was approved at the Company’s 
board  of  directors  meeting  on  20  November  2019  and 
amended  on  19  March  2020  as  part  of  the  Group’s 
incentive  scheme  determined  by  the  Board  of  Directors. 
The share options are granted to the members of the Board 
of  Directors,  Scientific  Advisory  Board,  the  management 
team  and  other  management  and  employees  for  no 
consideration. 

The  share  options  have  a  service  condition  and  are 
forfeited in case the employee leaves the Company before 
the  share  options  vest,  unless  the  Board  of  Directors 
approves  otherwise.  After  the  beginning  of  the  share 
subscription  period,  the  vested  options  may  be  freely 
transferred  or  exercised.  The  fair  value  of  the  options 
has  been  determined  using  the  Black  &  Scholes  option 
valuation  model  and  expensed  over  the  vesting  period. 
Grant  dates  for  the  share  options  may  vary  depending 
on the date when the Company and the employees agree 
to  the  key  terms  and  conditions  of  the  Option  Plan.  The 
maximum number of share options that can be awarded 
under  the  Option  Plan  is  2.000.000  in  aggregate,  with 
certain  maximum  limits  per  person.  The  details  of  the 

plan are available on www.faron.com. Each share option 
entitles  the  holder  of  the  option  to  subscribe  for  one 
ordinary share in the Company.

The exercise price for ordinary shares based on 2019 
grant  options  is  euro  equivalent  of  the  average  share 
price at the London AIM list for the past 90 days prior to 
the grant date. For the GBP to EUR price conversion, the 
exchange rate of the European Central bank on the grant 
date is used. The exercise price for ordinary shares based 
on plan 2019 granted options in 2020 is €3,80. 

Company’s board has confirmed the grant of a total of 
690,333 options in the company in 2020 under the Option 
plan  2019.  The  Options  have  been  allocated  under  the 
Share  Option Plan 2019  and are  exercisable between 23 
July 2021 and 23 July 2025 at an exercise price of €3.80 
per  share,  vesting  25%  per  annum  over  a  period  of  four 
years.

Key  characteristics  and  terms  of  the  option  plan  are 

listed in the table below. 

201 9 Option Plan

Maximum number of share options

Exercise price, EUR

Dividend adjustment

Beginning of subscription period

End of subscription period

Vesting conditions

2020

2,000,000

3.80

No

23 July 2021

23 July 2025

Service until the beginning of the subscription period

63

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

2020
2019 Option Plan

Number of share options

Outstanding at 1 January

Granted

Forfeited

Exercised

Outstanding at 31 December

Exercisable at 31 December

2020
2019 Option Plan

Determination of the fair value for the share options granted

Share price at grant date, EUR

Subscription price, EUR 

Volatility, %(*)

Interest free rate, %

Expected dividends yield, %

Option fair value, EUR

2020 

2,000,000

690,333

-

-

2,000,000

-

2020

4.7–5.56

3.80

62.76

0.01

0

1.83–3.08

(*) Expected volatility was determined as the average volatility of a peer group consisting of ten comparable biotechnology 
companies listed on London Stock Exchange AIM list.

The  share-based  compensation  expense  for  the  Option 
Plan  2019  was  EUR  386  thousand  in  2020  (EUR  0 
thousand in 2019).

64

FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

19. FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

€’000 

Financial assets measured at amortised cost

Other receivables(*)

Cash and cash equivalents

Total	financial	assets	measured	at	amortised	cost

Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost

Trade payables

Borrowings in form of Business Finland R&D loans

Total	financial	liabilities	measured	at	amortised	cost

2020 

151

4,108

4,259

2,115

2,839

4,954

(*) Prepayments are excluded as they are not considered to be financial instruments.

 Group                                      Parent

As at 31 December
2020 

2019 

334

7,059

7,393

2,967

2,426

5,393

151

4,037

4,188

2,293

2,839

5,132

2019

334

7,058

7,392

3,173

2,426

5,599

124 thousand (2019 EUR 107 thousand). Grant payments 
received  in  advance  of  the  incurrence  of  the  costs  the 
grant  is  intended  to  compensate  are  deferred  at  the 
reporting date and presented under advances received on 
the balance sheet.

This section sets out an analysis of net debt and the 
movements  in  net  debt  (calculated  as  cash  and  cash 
equivalents  less  borrowings)  for  each  of  the  periods 
presented. Lease liabilities are included in analysis as of 
1 January 2019.

Due to the short-term nature of the other receivables, their 
carrying amount is considered to equal their fair values. 

Borrowings in the Form of Business Finland R&D Loans
Fair value for the Business Finland R&D loans is calculated 
by discounting estimated future cash flows for the loans 
using  appropriate  interest  rates  at  the  reporting  date. 
The  discount  rate  considers  the  risk-free  interest  rate 
and estimated margin for the Company’s own credit risk. 
Discounted future cash flows are derived from the terms 
containing the repayment amounts and repayment dates 
for the principal and the cash payments for interest. Given 
that some of the inputs to the valuation technique rely on 
unobservable market data, loan fair values are classified 
in Level 3. 

The  fair  value  of  all  the  Business  Finland  loans  was 

EUR 2,839 thousand (2019 EUR 2,099 thousand).

Business Finland R&D loans are granted to a defined 
product  development  project  and  cover  a  contractually 
defined  portion  of  the  underlying  development  projects’ 
R&D  expenses.  The  below-market  interest  rate  for  these 
loans is the base rate set by the Ministry of Finance minus 
three  (3)  percentage  points,  subject  to  a  minimum  rate 
of  1%.  Repayment  of  these  loans  shall  be  initiated  after 
5  years,  thereafter  loan  principals  shall  be  paid  back  in 
equal instalments over a 5-year period, unless otherwise 
agreed  with  Business  Finland.  For  more  information  on 
contractual maturities of the Business Finland R&D loans 
and  interests  is  provided  in  the  note  19.  The  accrued 
interest on Business Finland R&D loans amounted to EUR 

65

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

€’000 

Net debt  

Cash and cash equivalents

Lease liabilities

Business Finland R&D loans- repayable within one year

Business Finland R&D loans- repayable after one year

Net debt

 Group                                      Parent

As at 31 December

2020 

2019 

2020 

2019

4,108

(375)

(122)

(2,717)

894

7,059

(396)

(163)

(2,263)

4,237

4,037

(375)

(122)

(2,717)

823

7,058

(396)

(163)

(2,263)

4,236

            Group                                      

      Parent

€’000

Cash and cash 
equivalents

Borrowings

Total

Cash and cash 
equivalents

Borrowings

Total

Net debt as at 1 Jan 2019

Cash flows

Foreign exchange adj.

Lease liability

4,067

2,985

7

-

Other non-cash movements

                  -

Net debt as at 31 Dec 2019

Cash flows

Foreign exchange adj.

Lease liability

Other non-cash movements

7,059

(2,834)

(117)

(2,132)

(307)

-

(396)

13

1,935

2,678

7

(396)

4,058

2,984

16

-

13

                  -

(2,132)

(307)

-

(396)

13

1,926

2,677

16

(396)

13

(2,822)

4,237

7,058

(2,822)

4,236

(508)

(3,342)

(508)

(3,400)

(375)

491

(117)

(375)

491

894

(2,892)

(129)

(375)

491

4,037

(3,214)

(129)

(375)

491

823

Net debt as at 31 Dec 2020

4,108

(3,214)

20. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

(a) Capital Management and Liquidity Risks 

The  operations  of  the  Group  expose  it  to  financial  risks. 
The main risk that the Group is exposed to is liquidity risk, 
with  capital  management  being  another  important  area 
given the nature of the Group’s operations and its financing 
structure. The Group’s risk management principles focus 
on  obtaining  funding  and  managing  capital  taking  into 
consideration the unpredictability of the financial markets 
with the aim at minimizing any undesired impacts on the 
Group’s financial performance and position. The Board of 
Directors  define  the  general  risk  management  principles 
and  approve  operational  guidelines  concerning  specific 
areas  including  but  not  limited  to  liquidity  risk,  foreign 
exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of any 
derivatives and investment of the Group’s liquid assets. 

The  Group’s  objective  when  managing  capital  is  to 
safeguard  the  Group’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern (refer to notes 2.2 and 16). 

Significant financial resources are required to advance 
the  drug  development  programs  into  commercialized 
pharmaceutical  products.  The  Group  relies  on  its  ability 
to fund the operations of the Group through three major 
sources  of  financing  –  equity  financing,  research  and 
development grants and loans and licensing agreements. 

Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd. 
has been able to fund its operations with equity, grants 
and R&D loans. While equity financing has been available 
in the past, there can be no assurance that sufficient funds 
can be secured in order to permit the Group to carry out 
its planned activities. In general, capital market conditions 

66

 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

are volatile. The prevailing financial market situation and 
the overall investor’s sentiment dictate whether the Group 
is able to secure additional financing in the future, which 
can be considered a risk. To partly manage this risk, the 
Group  and  its  management  is  in  constant  dialogue  with 
financial investors, investment banks, debt providers and 
other market participants.

The Group also relies on different sources of research 
and  development  grants  and  loans.  These  funds,  which 
are  provided  through  regional,  national  or  EU 
level 
institutions, have been historically available to the Group. 
The  Group  strictly  complies  with  all  rules  and  legal 
obligations  pertaining  to  these  funding  programs  and  is 
in  regular  contact  with  the  funding  agencies  providing 
these.  Availability  of  such  funds  in  the  future  cannot  be 
guaranteed  and  thus  this  poses  a  potential  risk  to  the 
Group’s funding in the future.

Finally  entering  into  commercialization,  collaboration 
and  licensing  agreements  with  larger  pharmaceutical 
companies  entitles  the  Group  to  receive  up-front  and 
milestone  payments  related  to  agreed  regulatory  or 
commercial  points,  as  well  as  royalty  payments  once 
commercialization  has  been  successful.  Activities  in  the 

area  of  business  development  are  targeted  at  securing 
such  agreements.  Consideration  of  these  activities  is 
part of the management’s duties and is monitored by the 
Board  of  Directors,  which  ultimately  decides  on  entering 
into such agreements.  

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  sufficient  financing 
can be secured in order to permit the Group to carry out 
its  planned  activities.  To  protect  the  continuity  of  the 
Group’s  operations,  sufficient  liquidity  and  capital  has  to 
be maintained. The Group aims to have funds to finance 
its  operations  for  the  foreseeable  future.  The  Group  can 
influence the amount of capital by adapting its cost basis 
considering  available  financing.  Management  monitors 
liquidity  on  the  basis  of  the  amount  of  funds.  These  are 
reported to the Board of Directors on a monthly basis. 

The  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  approves 
the  operational  plans  and  budget  and  monitors  the 
implementation of these plans and the financial status of 
the Group on a monthly basis. 

As at 31 December 2020, the contractual maturity of 

loans and interests was as follows:

€’000

2021

2022

2023

2024- 
thereafter

Total

R&D loans

Repayment of loans

Interest expenses

Lease liabilities

Total

122

32

199

354

523

29

16

567

1,153

1,504

3,302

21

0

25

0

106

215

1,173

1,528

3,623

As at 31 December 2019, the contractual maturity of loans 
and interests was as follows:

€’000

2020

2021

2022

2023- 
thereafter

Total

R&D loans

Repayment of loans

Interest expenses

Lease liabilities

Total

163

28

261

452

257

26

138

421

564

21

11

596

1,811

2,795

32

0

107

411

1,843

3,313

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

(b) Market Risk 

21. OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

€’000

Advance received 

Total non-current liabilities

As at 31 December

2020                   

2019

786

786

-

-

Group  received  a  grant  of  EUR  1,375  thousand  from  the 
European Union. EUR 587 thousand is recognised as other 
income  and  the  rest  of  the  grant  is  posted  as  advanced 
received.

i. Foreign Exchange Risk 
The Group operates internationally but is mainly exposed 
to  translation  risk  in  respect  of  Pound  Sterling  (“GBP”) 
denominated  cash  and  cash  equivalents  balances 
The  Group’s  policy  is  not  to  hedge  translation  risk.  As 
of  31  December  2020,  the  Group  had  cash  and  cash 
equivalents of EUR 1,945 thousand, GBP 1,039 thousand, 
CHF  76  thousand  and  USD  1,149  thousand  (2019:  EUR 
6,611  thousand and  GBP  380  thousand) and  the  foreign 
exchange  gains  and  losses  recorded  arise  mainly  from 
the  GBP  cash  balances.  The  Group  is  not  exposed  to 
significant transaction risk, as the Group mainly operates 
in its functional currency, the EUR. 

ii. Interest Rate Risk 
The Group’s interest rate risk arises from Business Finland 
R&D loans, which interest is the base rate defined by the 
Finnish  Ministry  of  Finance  minus  three  (3)  percentage 
points, subject to minimum rate of 1%. During the periods 
presented, the interest has been below the minimum level 
and the Group has paid the minimum interest of 1% on the 
loans.    During  the  periods  presented,  the  Group  has  not 
been exposed to variable interest rate risk and accordingly 
the Group has not entered into derivative contracts.

(c) Credit and Counterparty Risk 

The Group works with partners and financial institutions 
with  good  credit  ratings.  Management  monitors  credit 
ratings  of  the  financial  institutions  that  hold  the  Group’s 
bank  deposits  regularly.  Further,  the  Group  currently 
derives  its  revenue  from  restricted  number  of  reputable 
licence  partners 
in  specific  territories.  This  risk  of 
concentration  of  creditors  is  partly  mitigated  by  the  fact 
that  these  partners  are  financially  solid.  These  licence 
agreements are governed by contractual relationships that 
typically address and describe remedies for situations in 
which interests of the Group and the partner are no longer 
aligned.  

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22. TRADE PAYABLES AND OTHER CURRENT 
LIABILITIES

€’000

Trade payables

Clinical trial hospital fees

Accrued research & development costs

Accrued payroll

Other liabilities

Other accruals

Advances received 

Total

23. CONTINGENCIES AND COMMITMENTS

Operating Lease – Faron as a Lessee 

The  future  aggregate  minimum  lease  payments  under 
non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:

€’000

No later than 1 year

Later than 1 year and  
no later than 5 years

Later than 5 years

Year ended 31 December

2020

2019

27

26

-

68

131

-

The  Group’s  operating  lease  commitments  comprise  of 
lease commitments for machines and equipment with low 
value leases of 3 to 4 years. The Group’s operating leases 
are  non-cancellable  and  they  do  not  include  redemption 
or  extension  options.  Contingencies  and  commitments 
liabilities do not include lease liabilities that are recognised 
as lease liabilities on the balance sheet.

Contractual Contingencies 
The  Group  has  a  contingent  contractual  liability  to  a 
development  party  for  pre-clinical  product  candidate 
Clevegen  to  pay  additional  milestone  payments.  Second 
milestone  payment  of  EUR  460  thousand  payable 
when  production  system  reached  certain  material  yield 
threshold was charged 2019. The remaining one becomes 
payable upon the Group receives a certain amount of Net 
Sales for Clevegen.

As  announced  by  the  Group  on  2  October  2019  and 
30  December  2019,  Faron  Pharmaceuticals  Ltd.  has 

 Group                                      Parent

As at 31 December

2020

2,115

1,415

1,506

751

146

160

112

2019

2,967

849

811

603

306

166

75

2020

2,293

1,415

1,506

722

132

160

112

2019

3,173

849

811

558

300

166

75

6,205

5,777

6,340

5,932

received a letter from Rentschler Biopharma SE in which 
Rentschler terminates the agreement concerning the API 
manufacturing.  The  Company  considers  that  this  said 
termination  is  without  merit  and  has  filed  a  request  for 
arbitration to seek damages. To fund the proceedings, the 
Company has entered into a litigation funding agreement 
with a third-party recovery services provider, which in the 
event  of  success  would  receive  a  typical  portion  of  any 
damages  awarded.  The  arbitration  is  ongoing  and  the 
final arbitration award is expected to be issued during the 
autumn 2021. 

24. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Parent and subsidiary relations of Faron Pharmaceuticals 
Group on 31 December 2020:

Country

Group
holding 
% 

Group 
voting
%

Companies owned by  
the parent company

Faron Europe GmbH      Switzerland

Faron USA LLC                         

USA

100

100

100

100

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

The Group identifies the following related parties: 

Management and Board Shareholding

 • Members of the Board of Directors, and their close 

family members; and 

 • Company’s key Management team and their close 

family members

Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd. has not had interests in other 
entities as at, and for the years ended, December 31, 2019 
and 2020. 

Key Management Personnel 

The Company’s key management personnel consist of the 
following: 

 • Members of the Board of Directors 
 • Management team, including CEO

Management(*) shareholding, 31 December 2020

Number of shares (pcs)

Shareholding, percentage

Board(**) shareholding, 31 December 2020  
(excluding the shareholding of CEO)

Number of shares (pcs)

Shareholding, percentage

Total number of shares 
outstanding at  
31 December 2020 (pcs)

4,725,207 

10.1 % 

679 778 

1.4 %

46,896,747

(*) Presented information for the Management includes the executive 
directors of the Board 
(**) Presented information for the Board includes only non-executive 
directors.

€’000

Compensation of key  
management personnel(*)

Salaries and other short-
term employee benefits

Post-employment benefits

Share-based payments 

Year ended 31 December

2020

2019

Transactions with Related Parties 

There are no additional related party transactions during 
2019 and 2020 than already disclosed.

2,025

1,350

268

155

242

51

Total

2,448

1,643

(*) Presented information for the Management includes the executive 
directors of the Board 

The  Management  team  was  awarded  282,333  share 
options  during  2020  (2019:  265,000  share  options).  At 
the  end  of  the  2020,  the  number  of  outstanding  options 
and  share  granted  to  the  Management  team  amounted 
to 1,003,013 share options (at the end of 2019: 800,680 
share options). 

Non-executive Directors were awarded 580,000 share 
options during 2020, (2019: 120,000 share options). At the 
end of 2020, the number of outstanding options and share 
options granted to the non-executive directors amounted 
to  180,000  share  options  (at  the  end  of  2019:  400,000 
share options). 

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25. EVENTS AFTER THE BALANCE SHEET DATE

On 11 February 2021 Faron annouced that the Company 
raised EUR 15.0 million thousand before expenses by way 
of  the  placing  of  3,521,127  ordinary  shares  at  the  Issue 
Price of EUR 4.26 per share.

Result and Dividends

The statement of comprehensive income is on page 44.

The  Group’s  loss  for  the  accounting  period  was 

16,946,261.84 euro (2019: 13,261,911.93 euro).

The  Board  of  Directors  does  not  recommend  the 

payment of a dividend (2019: nil).

BOARD SIGNATURES

Turku, 24 March 2021

Frank Armstrong
Chairman

Markku Jalkanen
CEO

Gregory Brown                                                 

Matti Manner

John Poulos                                                       

Leopoldo Zambeletti 

THE AUDITOR’S NOTE

A report on the audit performed has been issued today
Helsinki, 24 March 2021
PricewaterhouseCoopers Oy
Authorised Public Accountants

Panu Vänskä
Authorised Public Accountant (KHT)                                                  

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FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

1 (3) 

Auditor’s Report (Translation of the Finnish Original) 

To the Annual General Meeting of Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd 

Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements  

Opinion 
In our opinion the consolidated and the parent company’s financial statements give a true and fair view of the 
group’s financial performance and financial position and cash flows in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the EU. 

What we have audited 
We have audited the financial statements of Faron Pharmaceuticals Ltd (business identity code 2068285-4) for 
the year ended 31 December 2020. The financial statements comprise: 

• 

• 

the consolidated balance sheet, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, 
statement of cash flows and notes 

the parent company’s balance sheet, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, 
statement of cash flows and notes. 

Basis for Opinion  
We conducted our audit in accordance with good auditing practice in Finland. Our responsibilities under good 
auditing practice are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
section of our report. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion.  

Independence 
We are independent of the parent company and of the group companies in accordance with the ethical 
requirements that are applicable in Finland and are relevant to our audit, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

Material Uncertainty Related to Going Concern 
We draw attention to the notes in financial statements on page 7, item 2.2 “Going concern”. As stated in the 
notes, additional funding has not been confirmed by approval of the financial statements. This fact together with 
other matters stated in the notes, indicates that a material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on 
the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Our opinion has not been modified in respect of this 
matter. 

Responsibilities of the Board of Directors and the Managing Director for the Financial 
Statements 
The Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for the preparation of consolidated and the 
parent company’s financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the EU, and comply with the statutory requirements. The Board of 

PricewaterhouseCoopers Oy, Authorised Public Accountants, P.O. Box 1015 (Itämerentori 2), FI-00101 HELSINKI 
Phone +358 20 787 7000, www.pwc.fi   
Reg. Domicile Helsinki, Business ID 0486406-8 

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
FARON PHARMACEUTICALS OY

ANNUAL REPORT 2020

2 (3) 

Directors and the Managing Director are also responsible for such internal control as they determine is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether 
due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial statements, the Board of Directors and the Managing Director are responsible for 
assessing the parent company’s and the group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, 
matters relating to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting. The financial statements are 
prepared using the going concern basis of accounting unless there is an intention to liquidate the parent company 
or the group or to cease operations, or there is no realistic alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with good auditing practice will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could 
reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with good auditing practice, we exercise professional judgment and maintain 
professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

• 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement 
resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, 
intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. 

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are 

appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the 
parent company’s or the group’s internal control.  

•  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates 

and related disclosures made by management. 

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of the Board of Directors’ and the Managing Director’s use of the going 

concern basis of accounting and based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists 
related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the parent company’s or the group’s ability 
to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw 
attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures 
are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the 
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the parent company or the 
group to cease to continue as a going concern. 

•  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, 
and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events so that the financial 
statements give a true and fair view. 

•  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business 

activities within the group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible 
for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit 
opinion. 

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ANNUAL REPORT 2020

3 (3) 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and 
timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we 
identify during our audit. 

Other Reporting Requirements  

Other Information  
The Board  of Directors  and the Managing  Director  are responsible  for the other information. The other 
information  comprises of the Strategic Report,  Directors'  Report,  Remuneration  Report  and the 
Corporate Governance Statement included  in the Annual  Report,  but  does not  include the financial 
statements  and our  auditor's  report  thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the 
other information. 

In  connection  with  our audit  of the financial  statements,  our responsibility  is to  read  the reports  mentioned 
above and, in  doing so, consider  whether  the information  included  in the reports  are materially  inconsistent 
with  the financial  statements  or our knowledge  obtained  in the  audit,  or otherwise  appears to be materially 
misstated. 

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement in the 
reports mentioned above, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Helsinki March 24, 2021 

PricewaterhouseCoopers Oy 
Authorised Public Accountants 

Panu Vänskä 
Authorised Public Accountant (KHT) 

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Faron Pharmaceuticals Oy
Joukahaisenkatu 6, 20520 Turku Finland
Phone: +358 2 469 5151
Fax: +358 2 469 5152
Email: info@faron.com

75