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Ferrexpo

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FY2010 Annual Report · Ferrexpo
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Ferrexpo plc
Registered Office:
2-4 King Street,
London
SW1Y 6QL

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts
2010

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Producing  
iron ore pellets  
for over 30 years

www.ferrexpo.com

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Shareholder Information

Ferrexpo plc is a Swiss-headquartered resources 
company with assets in Ukraine and is principally  
involved in the production of iron ore pellets which  
are used in the manufacture of steel.

How have we performed this year?   
> p.01 – Group highlights 

Where are our operations? 
> p.04 – Our resource base

What is our investment proposition? 
> p.08 – Our strategy explained

How have we performed against our strategy?    
> p.18 – Key Performance Indicators

How are we going to continue our growth? 
> p.06 – Chairman and Chief Executive’s Statement

Registered Office
2–4 King Street
London
SW1Y 6QL
Web: www.ferrexpo.com

Advisors
Share Registrars
Equiniti
Aspect House 
Spencer Road
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 
UK 
Tel: 0871 384 2030
Overseas +44 121 415 7047
Web: www.equiniti.com

Financial
JPMorgan Cazenove Ltd
20 Moorgate
London EC2R 6DA

Corporate brokers
JP Morgan Cazenove Ltd
20 Moorgate
London EC2R 6DA

Deutsche Bank AG
1 Great Winchester Street
London EC2N 2DB

Legal
Allen & Overy LLP
One Bishops Square
London E1 6AD

Auditors
Ernst & Young LLP
1 More London Place
London SE1 2AF

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

01

Highlights
2010

Production volumes

Up by 14%

Sales volumes

Up by 8%

record production volumes with the Group 
producing over 10.0 million tonnes of pellets, 
operating at full capacity.

record sales volumes of 9.7 million tonnes 
of pellets

Revenue

Up by 100%

to US$1.3 billion, driven by significantly 
higher sales prices and volumes

C1 cash cost of production

US$39.7/t

cost inflation mitigated through full 
absorption of fixed costs and Business 
Improvement Programme

EBITDA

Up by 324%

to US$585 million, driven by higher revenue 
and robust cost control 

Diluted earnings per share

Up by 500%

to 72.24 US cents

Total dividend per share

6.6 US cents 
per share

final dividend of 3.3 US cents per share  
in line with 2009

Year end cash balance

Increased 
substantially

to US$320 million 

Net cash flow from operating 
activities

Up by 394%

to US$380 million

Net debt

Down by 60%

to US$104 million

01  Highlights 2010
02  The production process
04  Our resource base
06  Chairman’s and Chief Executive Officer’s 

Statement

10   Our year in review
18  Key performance indicators 
20  Operating Review
26  Financial highlights
30  Risks relating to our business
34  Corporate Social Responsibility Review
44  Board of Directors and Executive Committee
46  Corporate Governance Report
52  Remuneration Report
59   Directors’ Report
63  Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities
64 

Independent Auditors’ Report to the Members 
of Ferrexpo plc

Financial Statements
65  Consolidated Income Statement 
66  Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 

Income

67  Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
68  Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
69  Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
70  Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information
120  Parent Company Balance Sheet
121  Parent Company Notes to the Financial 

Statements

125  Glossary
129  Shareholder information

02

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

The Production  
Process

We produce iron ore 
pellets, which are a 
premium input used  
in the steel production 
industry. Our product
improves blast furnace 
productivity in the steel 
production process 
because of its form, 
substance and low
level of impurities. 

Mining operations

Iron mines
 >

Mining operations based 20 kilometres 
from Kremenchuk in central Ukraine, on 
banks of the river Dnieper

 >

 >

10 deposits of magnetite ore with 
average iron content of 30%

Total JORC resource of 6.8bt with 14.2bt 
of additional GKZ resources

Mining
 >

Open cut, hard rock iron ore mining, 
using shovel, truck and train

 >

 >

Mining currently carried out at Gorishne-
Plavninskoe and Lavrikovskoe (Ferrexpo 
Poltava Mine) deposits

First ore expected at Yeristovskoye 
(Ferrexpo Yeristovskoye Mine) deposit  
in 2013

Iron ore mined in 2010  

28,930

thousand tonnes

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

03

 Beneficiation

Pelletizing

Transport and logistics

Processing
 >

Ore from the mine is crushed and 
ground to produce concentrate by 
magnetic separation and chemical 
flotation

 >

During processing, iron content 
increased to produce pellets of 62% 
and 65% iron content

 >

Design capacity of crushers is 34mtpa, 
and of concentrators is 11mtpa (wet)

Pellets
 >

Four kiln grate units, with name plate 
capacity of 3mtpa each for 12mt of 
annual capacity

Transport
 >

Operations have rail links which allow 
transportation to Ukrainian border & 
Black Sea ports

 >

Kilns heat and form material into pellets 
of around 8–20mm

 >

Pellets are robust

 –

 –

Preferred feed source for 
steelmakers (limited only by cost)

Steel operators’ best way to rapidly 
improve productivity 

 –

Created in a ‘fit for purpose’ form

 –

 –

Provide environmental advantages 
to customers

Logistics of moving pellets  
are superior

 >

 >

 >

 >

Direct access to Dnieper River also 
allows transportation of material to the 
Black Sea by barge

48.6% holding in TIS-Ruda provides 
access to captive loading capacity 
at Port Yuzhny of up to 5mtpa

Own over 900 rail cars which reduce 
reliance on State owned rail cars

Acquisition of Helogistics provides 
barge access to the Danube/Rhine river 
corridor in Western Europe

Concentrate produced (“WMS”) in 2010 

Total pellet production in 2010 (incl 
purchased concentrate) 

11,226

thousand tonnes

10,031

thousand tonnes

 
04

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Our Resource Base

Ferrexpo’s operations are situated 
on the Kremenchuk Magnetic 
Anomaly, a 50 kilometres long iron 
ore deposit in Ukraine’s Poltava 
region making it the largest iron 
ore resource in Europe. The 
Group holds licences to explore or 
mine the entire deposit. Its current 
operations are situated at the 
southern end of the deposit, 
adjacent to the Dnieper River.

4.0bt
Brovarskoye

3.1bt
Manuilovskoye

2.8bt

Kharchenkovskoye

14.2bt
GKZ 
Soviet 
Classified

2.8bt

Vasilievskoye

1.5bt

Zarudenskoye

0.3bt

Galeshinskoye

1.7bt

Belanovskoye

1.2bt

Yeristovskoye

0.8bt

Lavrikovskoye

3.6bt
Gorishne-
Plavninskoye

6.8bt
JORC 
Classified

  Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

05

Favourable 
location

Traditional
Natural
Growth
Ferexpo

Ferrexpo Transportation Routes
Competitor Routes

EUROPE

CHINA

JAPAN

MIDDLE
EAST

INDIA

Ferrexpo benefits from the location of its 
operations in Ukraine, because of a well-
educated workforce and the efforts of the 
Government to ensure the survival of its large 
mining and metallurgical industry. Being primarily 
an exporter, Ferrexpo has minimal exposure to 
the Ukrainian steel industry, while approximately 
70% of its operating costs are in local currency. 

Ukraine is conveniently situated close to our 
principal customers in Europe while Ferrexpo is 
also the nearest pellet supplier to the Middle East 
and Asia.

2010 customer breakdown
% (by sales volume)

1

1. Traditional – 66%
2. Natural – 7%
3. Growth – 27%

3

2

06

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Chairman’s and  
Chief Executive Officer’s 
Statement

Introduction
We are pleased to report that for the year ended 31 
December 2010, Ferrexpo responded to increased iron  
ore demand and prices with record production, record 
sales volumes and robust cost control. These factors 
underpinned the highest EBITDA recorded in the Group’s 
history of US$585 million compared to US$138 million  
in 2009. 

In 2009, Ferrexpo’s priority was to conserve cash and to 
protect margins by producing and selling at near full 
capacity levels throughout the period. As industry 
fundamentals recovered in 2010, Ferrexpo was well placed 
to benefit from higher prices as it continued to produce at 
full capacity. The Group’s increased cash generation and 
profitability allowed it to recommence its capital investment 
programme to further develop growth opportunities. 

The Board approved, in November 2010, US$647 million of 
capital expenditure as part of an investment programme to 
increase significantly the quantity and quality of its 
production. This initial phase is focused on achieving first 
ore at the Ferrexpo Yeristovskoye Mine (“FYM”), extending 
the life of the Ferrexpo Poltava Mine (“FPM”) as well as on 
increasing the quality of the Group’s pellet output. 

Ferrexpo’s Board believes the Group’s resource base is 
one of the largest in the world with estimated iron ore 
resources of over 20 billion tonnes. This will support steady 
production growth while low cost mining facilities and 
integrated infrastructure from mine to rail, river and port 
means that the Group is well placed to deliver sustainable 
value to shareholders, employees and its country of 
operation throughout the commodities cycle. 

Summary of results
The Company’s sales volumes increased 8% to 9.7 million 
tonnes of pellets (2009: 9 million tonnes). The Group 
achieved significant price increases throughout the year 
compared with 2009. These higher sales volumes and 
prices saw Group revenues almost double to US$1.3 billion 
(2009: US$649 million). The Group produced at full 
capacity throughout the period which allowed for full 
absorption of the fixed cost base. 

Together these factors resulted in an increase in EBITDA of 
over four fold to US$585 million (2009: US$138 million). 
Group profit after tax increased 500% to US$425 million 
(2009: US$71 million). 

Operating cash flow for the year improved significantly and 
as a result net debt reduced by US$153 million to US$104 
million (2009: US$258 million). As of 31 December 2010 
the Group had cash balances of US$320 million compared 
with US$12 million as of 31 December 2009. 

Pricing Environment and Strategy
In 2010, European steel mills recovered from the lows of 
the 2009 downturn while Chinese iron ore requirements 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

07

continued to underpin world demand. The reduction of 
capacity by the major iron ore pellet suppliers during 2009 
proved an ideal scenario for pellet price recovery in 2010.

ramp up of the Yeristovskoye deposit, which will increase 
the Group’s pellet production, allowing the Group to 
increase its exports to key Asian markets. 

The iron ore pricing methodology, however, adjusted 
throughout the year as the industry moved from an annual 
global benchmark pricing system, which covered the entire 
fragmented steel industry, to shorter-term individual pricing 
negotiations with steel mills. 

Currently in the global iron ore market, there are a number  
of pricing methodologies being applied depending on 
geography and customer. In 2010, Ferrexpo agreed a 
mixture of pricing arrangements with its customers 
including quarterly and six monthly pricing agreements. As 
the new pricing mechanisms are increasingly based on 
shorter time periods, Ferrexpo believes there is likely to be 
increased pricing volatility. 

Industry fundamentals recovered in 2010, and 
Ferrexpo was well placed to benefit from 
higher prices as it continued to produce at full 
capacity. The Group’s increased cash 
generation and profitability allowed it to 
recommence its capital investment 
programme to further develop growth 
opportunities.

Ferrexpo will continue to focus on maximising prices 
relative to its competitors’ based on ‘value in use’ to the 
customer. Ferrexpo believes that its geographic proximity 
to key steel markets represents an attractive alternative to 
the major seaborne suppliers due to the lower costs of 
transporting pellets over a shorter distance from Ukraine. 

Marketing and logistics strategy
Ferrexpo’s logistics strategy is to manage and control  
as much of the delivery chain as possible. This includes 
further developing the Group’s port and barge facilities  
to allow for CFR delivery to customers in Asia and  
Western Europe.

Ferrexpo already has a significant logistics cost advantage 
for delivery of pellets via rail and barge direct to customers 
in Central and Eastern Europe. The port terminal on the 
Black Sea of TIS-Ruda, an associated company of the 
Group, provides independent access to the seaborne 
markets in Asia as well as to markets in Turkey and the 
Middle East. 

The Group made further investments in logistics during the 
year. It purchased 300 rail cars bringing the Company’s 
total holding at 31 December 2010 to over 900. In February 
2011 Ferrexpo signed contracts to acquire an additional 
400 rail cars over the next year with an option to purchase 
a further 600. Purchase of these additional rail cars should 
ensure near self sufficiency and full rail car availability for 
pellet transportation to the Ukrainian border as well as a 
tariff discount from the railway authorities of over 8%. 

In December 2010 Ferrexpo acquired Vienna-based 
Helogistics, one of the largest inland waterway 
transportation companies in Europe. It transports iron ore 
as well as other bulk cargos, mainly by barge, along the 
Danube and Rhine rivers from Ukraine and Rotterdam to 
various locations in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. 
This includes transportation of Ferrexpo pellets to core 
customers in Central Europe. Helogistics will enable the 
Group to further secure the supply chain, improving 
service to existing customers as well as provide further 
access to markets throughout Europe, enhancing 
Ferrexpo’s presence as the regional market leader in iron 
ore pellet supply. 

In general, Ferrexpo believes that a developed  
logistics infrastructure is essential in high volume bulk 
commodity markets like iron ore. It is therefore further 
expanding its logistics infrastructure ahead of planned 
production growth.

In 2010, over 90% of the Group’s sales volumes, from  
own ore, were based on long-term volume framework 
agreements compared with circa 70% in 2009. It is 
Ferrexpo’s ongoing strategy to allocate approximately 10% 
of sales to potential new customers, especially first class 
Asian steel mills, through trial spot cargos ahead of its 
planned Yeristovskoye mine expansion. 

Production
FPM has been producing iron ore pellets continuously for 
the last 30 years – through the Soviet administration, the 
fall of the Berlin wall, Ukrainian independence and several 
Ukrainian governments. 

In 2010, the mine produced record levels of pellets 
operating at full capacity throughout the period. In 
September 2010, FPM achieved the highest monthly pellet 
production since 1987, while in October 2010 FPM 
produced the highest monthly output of 65% Fe pellets  
on record. 

The TIS-Ruda port enables Ferrexpo to diversify its 
customer mix, avoiding dependence on any one customer 
group for pricing and product demand. Ferrexpo is looking 
to further develop its ship loading capabilities ahead of the 

In total, production increased by 14% in 2010 to 
approximately 10 million tonnes of pellets compared with 
8.8 million tonnes of pellets produced in 2009.  

08

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Chairman’s and  
Chief Executive Officer’s 
Statement continued

Our strategy explained

01 Develop our vast unexploited 

resources – starting with the 
Yeristovskoye deposit achieving 
first ore in 2013.

02 Expand our high quality 

customer base – Ferrexpo 
allocates approximately 10% of 
sales to potential new customers 
through trial spot cargos.

03 Maintain a low cost of production 

and a high operating efficiency 
– according to Metalytics 
Ferrexpo is the third lowest pellet 
producer on a global FOB basis.

04 Improve the quality of the 

product mix – by 2014 Ferrexpo 
intends to produce all pellets as 
65% Fe from the current mix of 
half 62% Fe & half 65% Fe pellets.

05 Enhance the Group’s logistics 

capability ahead of the planned 
increase in production output

06 Maintain a strong balance sheet 

with low levels of gearing and 
high liquidity

Production from own ore increased 5% to 9.0 million 
tonnes (2009: 8.6 million tonnes) while processing of third 
party concentrate increased substantially to meet higher 
demand. 

The Group produces a mix of 62% and 65% Fe pellets. Of 
the total 10 million tonnes of pellets produced, 49% were 
higher grade 65% Fe pellets in line with the proportion of 
65% Fe pellet production in 2009. 

The higher production levels achieved illustrate the benefits 
of continuous improvements in production efficiencies as 
well as the sustainability of the Group’s operations given 
the reduced levels of capital investment in 2009 and 2010. 

Costs 
The Board believes Ferrexpo is one of the lowest cost 
pellet producers in the world on a FOB basis. The Group 
aims to reduce costs within its control by at least 1% to 2% 
per annum principally through increased output and 
efficiency enhancements achieved through the Business 
Improvement Programme (‘BIP’). Since the inception of the 
BIP in 2006, cumulative productivity gains have saved 
approximately US$5.3 per tonne of pellets produced, or 
US$48 million on a cumulative basis to 31 December 2010.

Not all costs are directly within Ferrexpo’s control, such as 
gas and electricity tariffs. The Group is investigating 
managing these exposures, most likely through 
acquisitions and partnerships which can secure raw 
material supply.

The cost environment in 2010 was impacted by Ukrainian 
PPI inflation of 21% as well as cost increases associated 
with a stronger commodity price environment. 

Approximately 70% of total operating costs, including 
freight, are denominated in Ukrainian Hryvnia while all 
revenues are received in US dollars. The Hryvnia has 
remained broadly stable on average in 2010 compared to 
2009 at around UAH8 to the US dollar. 

Overall the average C1 cash cost of production was below 
US$40 per tonne for 2010. This represented a circa 15% 
increase compared to the average 2009 C1 cash cost of 
US$34 per tonne but this was, however, lower than the 
local inflation rate of approximately 21% for the period.

Ukraine
Ukraine has recovered in many respects in 2010 compared 
to the hardships experienced in 2009. There has been a 
stable political environment since the presidential elections 
in February 2010. In terms of economic recovery, the steel 
industry (which is the largest contributor to the economy) 
increased production by an estimated 13%1 in 2010 (2009: 
negative 20%1). Overall, GDP growth in 2010 was 4%1 
compared to a decline of 15%1 in 2009.

1  Source: OECD.

 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

09

As part of the continuing development of the Group’s 
capabilities, Ferrexpo appointed Brian Maynard as the 
Group Chief Operating Officer in January 2011. Brian has 
worked extensively in the mining industry for the last 30 
years and is already making a considerable impact on our 
operations. 

Corporate governance and social responsibility
Ferrexpo has a balanced and experienced Board which 
maintains the highest standards of corporate governance 
throughout the Group and complies with the UK 
Combined Code on Corporate Governance. 

The Board’s Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility 
(‘CSR’) Committee monitors the management of the 
Group’s health, safety, environmental and community 
programmes on a regular basis in line with best practice for 
mining companies. Safety is fundamental to the success of 
Ferrexpo’s future, and safety procedures are integral to the 
culture of the Group. Ferrexpo deeply regrets that Ivan 
Kharchenko, a machinery repairman, was fatally injured in 
the second half of the year in consequence of a failure to 
observe the Group’s safety standards. Ferrexpo is 
implementing measures to ensure that the Group’s safety 
controls are further improved going forward. 

Outlook 
Following a successful 2010, the new financial year has 
started well with strong demand for Ferrexpo’s product. 
The Group is, however, aware that it operates in a cyclical 
environment and will always look to mitigate any softening 
in demand across the industry through its broad, high 
quality customer base and established infrastructure for 
serving seaborne and regional markets. This should allow 
Ferrexpo to continue to produce at full capacity 
underpinning a strong financial performance for the rest of 
the year.

Michael Abrahams CBE DL
Chairman

Kostyantin Zhevago
Chief Executive Officer

In general, continued political stability, growing credibility of 
Government fiscal policies, improving macroeconomic 
fundamentals and renewed IMF support have led to a 
significant improvement of Ukraine’s credit rating. During 
2010, Fitch and Standard & Poor’s raised Ukraine’s 
sovereign rating to B (from B-) and B+ (from B) respectively 
with a stable outlook.

Ferrexpo continues to regard Ukraine as a good place for 
business. The Group is the largest employer in the town of 
Komsomolsk and benefits from a well educated workforce 
which is able to transfer its skills to the further development 
of the Group’s resources. 

Investing activities and funding
Ferrexpo’s capital expenditure projects are aimed at the 
expansion and upgrade of the existing mine and 
processing facilities and to unlock the considerable value in 
the Group’s under exploited reserves and resources, 
starting with FYM. 

During the year, Ferrexpo spent US$167 million on capital 
expenditure. In November the Board approved US$647 
million of capital investment as part of the first stage of the 
Group’s investment programme.

Dividend 
It is the Board’s view that cash generated by the Group 
should principally finance future growth projects and that 
the Group should pay modest consistent dividends 
throughout the economic cycle. The Directors therefore 
recommend a final dividend in respect of profits generated 
for the Group in 2010 of 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 
(2009 final dividend: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share) for 
payment on 3 June 2011 to shareholders on the register at 
the close of business on 3 May 2011. The dividend will be 
paid in UK pounds sterling with an election to receive US 
dollars.

People
The Board would like to thank all the management and 
staff for their continued hard work and commitment  
which formed the foundation for another year of  
significant progress.

As previously announced, Simon Wandke the Group 
Marketing Officer resigned from the Company during 2010. 
Simon’s experience was much valued by the Board and it 
would like to thank him for his contribution to the Group.

Ferrexpo is very pleased to welcome Jason Keys as the 
new Group Marketing Officer. Jason joins Ferrexpo from 
BHP Billiton where he is currently Global Marketing 
Manager for Iron Ore. He has significant industry 
experience in both the European and Asian iron ore 
markets, having led BHP Billiton’s Iron Ore commercial 
marketing team over the last five years. 

10

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Our Year in 
Review

January

March

Long-term sales
Following signs of a recovery in 
the European steel markets and 
improved demand visibility, a 
positive trading update confirmed 
that 86% of sales in 4Q 2009 were 
on a long-term contract basis.

Increase in sales on a long 
term contract basis

Traded profitability through 
the downturn
Ferrexpo reports its 2009 full year 
results where the Group reveals that 
despite a sharp fall in iron ore prices 
and a collapse in the global economy, 
it maintained full production and 
traded profitably throughout the 
downturn. This was due to Ferrexpo’s 
strategy of strict cost control, 
continued production at full capacity 
and established logistics infrastructure 
which enabled the Group to sell all its 
production by diverting sales away 
from its Traditional customer base to 
its Growth markets.

September

November

Refinances principal debt facility
Ferrexpo refinances its principal debt facility, replacing 
the previous US$230 million pre-export finance facility 
with a new US$350 million loan through a syndicate of 
leading international financial institutions. 

Record pellet production
Ferrexpo achieves the highest monthly pellet production 
on record since 1987

Capital investment programme
The Board approves US$647 million of capital expenditure 
following record production and significantly higher cash 
flow generation.

The capital investment programme is the first stage of the 
Group’s plans to significantly increase the quality and 
quantity of its pellet output. This stage will increase the 
Group’s pellet output from own ore by one third by 2013, 
extend the life of the existing mine by 12 years and 
increase the production of 65% Fe pellets to 100% of 
production by 2014.

Record pellet production
Ferrexpo produces the highest monthly production of 65% 
pellets on record

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

11

May

June

August

Strong production levels
Ferrexpo reports at it’s AGM that 
due to strong production levels the 
Group is well positioned to capitalise 
on improved conditions in the iron 
ore market. 

Recovering price 
environment
Ferrexpo reports that revenues in the 
1Q of 2010 increased 34% compared 
to 2009 and that EBITDA increased 
30% compared to 2009.

Increase in revenues  
and EBITDA
Interim results at 30 June show a 74% 
increase in revenues and a 257% 
increase in EBITDA. 

1H 2010 Increase in EBITDA

257%

December

Acquisition of Helogistics
As part of the Company’s strategy to further develop its 
logistics infrastructure, Ferrexpo announces the 
acquisition of Helogistics. Vienna-based Helogistics is a 
barging company operating on the Rhine/Danube river 
corridor. The acquisition allows the Group to access new 
markets and improve its service to existing customers in 
Western Europe.

New Chief Operating Officer
As part of the development of the Group’s capabilities, 
Ferrexpo announces that Brian Maynard is to join the 
Company as Chief Operating Officer. Brian joins Ferrexpo 
from Vale and has over 30 years experience in the mining 
industry.

250 millionth tonne of pellets produced
On 1 December 2010 the 250 millionth tonne of pellets  
was produced. The first tonne of pellets was made at 
production line no 1 on 25 April 1977.

12

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

A large resource base 
underpins Ferrexpo’s 
sustainable growth strategy

Ferrexpo’s world class resource base is situated 
along a single ore body, which will allow the Group 
to efficiently expand production through 
brownfield ventures. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

13

The FPM mine has consistent geology and allows for 
a longlife production profile while the development 
of FYM will utilise known and existing technology 
and infrastructure as well as Ferrexpo’s current 
workforce.

As of 1 January 2011, Ferrexpo had estimated 
resources of over 6.8 billion tonnes classified 
according to the JORC code and further estimated 
resources of over 14.2 billion tonnes classified 
according to the Soviet GKZ code. 

JORC reserves

6.8 bn

tonnes

14

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Consistent production 
and strong cost control

FPM has been producing iron ore pellets 
continuously for the last 30 years – through the 
Soviet administration, the fall of the Berlin wall, 
Ukrainian independence and several Ukrainian 
governments. In 2010 record production levels 
were reached as the Group produced at full 
capacity throughout the period.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

15

Ferrexpo is one of the lowest cost producers of 
pellets in the world on an FOB basis. The Group’s 
cost reduction strategy is to maximise production 
outputs and continually implement efficiency 
enhancements through the Business Improvement 
Programme (‘BIP’). 

The BIP has significantly decreased the consumption 
of key production inputs such as energy and raw 
materials, and reduced the cash costs of production 
by US$5.27 per tonne since 2005. For the year ended 
31 December 2010, the cash cost of production of 
pellets from own ore was approximately US$39.70 per 
tonne of pellets. Relative to the peer group, Ferrexpo’s 
low cost position enables it to sustain profitability in 
periods of downturn such as in 2009. This has 
allowed Ferrexpo to maintain a positive operating 
cash flow each quarter since 2006.

BIP reduction on C1 cash costs since 2005

$5.27

per tonne of pellets (from own ore)

16

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Expand the high quality  
customer base

Ferrexpo remains committed to long-term 
framework agreements with customers who are 
focused on producing sophisticated steel 
products. FPM has supplied the vast majority of its 
customer portfolio for a number of decades. This 
allows Ferrexpo to produce at maximum capacity.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

17

Production delivered under long-term volume 
framework agreements accounted for over 90%  
of sales in 2010, allowing for stable and  
reliable revenue. 

The Group allocates approximately 10% of sales to 
potential new customers through trial spot cargos, 
and plans to conduct such trials with several 
significant producers in Asia ahead of the planned 
production growth from FYM.

% of production in 2010 allocated under long-term 
volume contracts

90%

18

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Key performance indicators

The Board and the Executive Committee of 
Ferrexpo monitor the Group’s performance 
using a range of key performance indicators 
(‘KPIs’). These KPIs are regularly reported on 
and reviewed by management and provide a 
useful measure of the Group’s operational, 
financial and safety performance. They are 
reported in this Annual Report to enable all 
stakeholders to assess the Group’s results on 
a clear and consistent basis.

1  Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate: The rate of lost time injuries per million man hours worked. 
Following the increased focus on safety and the review by DuPont, incidents that previously 
went unreported are now being reported. 

2  The Group calculates EBITDA as profit from continuing operations before tax and finance 
plus depreciation and amortisation (included in cost of sales, administrative expenses and 
selling and distribution costs) and non-recurring cash items included in other income, 
non-recurring cash items included in other costs plus the net gain/(loss) from disposal of 
subsidiaries and associates. The Group presents EBITDA because it believes that EBITDA is 
a useful measure for evaluating its ability to generate cash and its operating performance. 
See note 5 to the accounts.

3  EPS (Earning per Share) (diluted) is calculated by dividing the profit for the year attributable 

to ordinary equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc by the weighted average number of Ordinary 
Shares adjusted by any dilutive share awards that have not yet vested.

Safety

Fatalities

2007

2008

2009

2010

Definition
Work-related fatal accidents

Target
No fatalities

LTIFR

2007

2008

2009

2010

Definition
Lost-time injury frequency rate1

Target
Below 0.75

1

3

0

1

0.57

0.95

1.11

1.43

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

19

Operations

Financials

Production from own ore
000 tonnes

Revenue
US$ million

2007

2008

2009

2010

8,793

2007

8,608

2008

8,609

2009

9,033

2010

Definition
Pellet production from own produced concentrate

Target
Increase revenue

Target
Increase production

Production from third party concentrate
000 tonnes

EBITDA
US$ million

2007

2008

2009

2010

279

427

157

2007

2008

2009

998

2010

698

1,117

649

1,295

246.1

503.9

138.1

585.3

Definition
Pellet production from bought-in concentrate

Definition
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation2

Target
To utilise spare processing capacity 

Target
Increase EBITDA

Total production
000 tonnes

EPS (diluted)3
US cents per share

2007

2008

2009

2010

Definition
Total pellet production 

Target
Increase production

9,072

2007

9,035

2008

8,766

2009

10,031

2010

Definition
Earnings per share (diluted)

Target
Increase EPS

20.33

48.46

12.05

72.24

20

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Operating Review

Ferrexpo holds exclusive licences to one of 
the largest iron ore resources in the world, 
consisting of a single 50 kilometre long strike 
divided into 10 adjacent deposits with an 
average iron ore grade of 30%. The resource 
is located near the town of Komsomolsk in 
north-eastern Ukraine. The Group currently 
has JORC classified resources of 7 billion 
tonnes and GKZ (Soviet classified) resources 
of 14 billion tonnes.

Operations
Ferrexpo holds exclusive licences to one of the largest  
iron ore resources in the world, consisting of a single 
50 kilometre long strike divided into 10 adjacent deposits 
with an average iron ore grade of 30%. This resource is 
located near the town of Komsomolsk in central Ukraine. 
The Group currently has JORC classified resources of 
6.8 billion tonnes and GKZ (Soviet classified) resources  
of 14.2 billion tonnes.

Ferrexpo is the largest exporter of pellets in the CIS and 
one of the top 10 pellet producers in the global seaborne 
iron ore market. 

Ferrexpo Poltava Mine (‘FPM’)
The Group’s current operating asset is the Ferrexpo 
Poltava Mine (‘FPM’). The mine and processing facilities 
(crushing, concentrating and pelletising plant) exploits the 
Gorishne-Plavninskoye and Lavrikovskoye (“GPL”) deposit 
which is immediately adjacent to rail as well as port 
facilities which are located on the Dnieper River. 

The FPM mine is approximately 330 metres deep and 6 
kilometres long. The Mine Life Extension programme (see 
Growth Projects below) will extend the life of the mine to 
2038. In 2010, FPM mined approximately 28.9 million 
tonnes (2009: 28.5 million tonnes) of ore producing 11.2 
million tonnes of concentrate (2009: 10.6 million tonnes) 
and 9.0 million tonnes of 62% Fe and 65% Fe pellets 
(2009: 8.6 million tonnes). FPM’s nominal processing 
capacity is 12 million tonnes of pellets per annum. During 
2010, FPM produced 998 thousand tonnes of pellets from 
purchased third party concentrate. FPM plans to continue 
to purchase third party concentrate, provided acceptable 
margins can be realised, in order to utilise its surplus 
pelletising capacity and to extend Ferrexpo’s brand 
through increased sales. In total during 2010, the Group 
produced 10 million tonnes of pellets of which 5.2 million 
tonnes were 62% Fe pellets (2009: 4.5 million tonnes)  
and 4.9 million tonnes were 65% Fe pellets (2009:  
4.3 million tonnes).

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Ferrexpo JORC resources:

Gorishne-Plavninskoye & Lavrikovskoye 
Yersitovskoye 
Belanovskoye 
Galeschinskoye  

Total 

Resources

Proved & 
probable 
(Mt) 

Fe grade 
(total) 
% 

Measured & 
indicated 
(Mt) 

Fe grade 
(total) 
% 

870 
632 
– 
– 

1,502 

30 
34 
– 
– 

31 

2,170 
828 
1,485 
268 

4,751 

30 
34 
31 
55 

33 

Fe grade
Inferred 
(Mt) 

1,449 
364 
217 
58 

2,088 

21

(total)
%

31
30
30
55

32

Note: this is JORC resources only and excludes 14.2 billion tonnes of additional iron ore resources classified according to the Soviet GKZ Code.

Ferrexpo Yeristovskoye Mine (‘FYM’)
The Yeristovskoye deposit is the next deposit being 
exploited by the Group. It is located just to the north of 
FPM. The deposit has JORC iron ore reserves of 632 
million tonnes below 70 metres of overburden. At an iron 
ore production rate of 27 million tonnes per annum (broadly 
similar to FPM’s current production), it has the capacity to 
add 23 years to the Group’s production profile. Overburden 
is currently being stripped by five draglines and 12 trucks. 
Initial ore is expected by the first half of 2013.

First ore from FYM is planned to be processed by FPM 
using spare capacity enabling the Group to produce 12 
million tonnes of pellets per annum. Ferrexpo intends to 
build further processing facilities which would ultimately 
double the Group’s output to 20 million tonnes of pellets or 
concentrate equivalent per annum if the associated capital 
investment programmes are approved (for further details 
see Growth Projects). 

Belanovskoye and Galeschinskoye
Ferrexpo holds iron ore extraction licences for the 
Belanovskoye and Galeschinskoye deposits. Belanovskoye 
has total JORC resources of 1,702 million tonnes, while 
Galeschinskoye’s are 326 million tonnes. 

Ferrexpo holds exploration licences for five additional 
deposits, namely Vasilievskoye, Kharchenkovskoye, 
Manuilovskoye, Brovarskoye and Zarudenskoye all located 
to the north of Galeshinskoye. An initial assessment of 
these deposits has been undertaken and total in situ 
resources of 14 billion tonnes have been delineated. 

All of the above deposits are on the same ore body that 
Ferrexpo is currently exploiting and are situated adjacent to 
the Group’s existing logistics infrastructure. As a result, any 
development represents low risk additions of new iron ore 
capacity compared to many other greenfield iron ore 
projects worldwide.

Pricing and Marketing
For over 40 years, the iron ore industry determined prices 
with steel mills once a year based on the Japanese fiscal 
year, which began on 1 April. The initial price settlement by 
the first major iron ore producer with the first major steel 
mill typically set the “benchmark” price for the year and all 
other iron ore producers would typically follow that 
benchmark. During the financial crisis in late 2008 and 
2009, iron ore spot prices fell well below the annual 
benchmark price. During this period steel mills increasingly 
opted to buy iron ore from the spot market. Since then, a 
variety of pricing mechanisms have been introduced which 

vary from six monthly agreements to quarterly agreements 
and increasingly shorter time periods based on quoted 
spot prices. Ferrexpo, as a price follower, will continue to 
focus on capturing the maximum price relative to its 
competitors’ delivered cost through ‘value in use’ to the 
customer. Ferrexpo’s geographic proximity to key steel 
customers in Europe and other markets represents a 
natural advantage due to the lower costs of transporting 
pellets over a shorter distance from Ukraine. 

In 2011, Ferrexpo plans to further develop its logistics 
capabilities through the acquisition of rail cars and where 
appropriate other infrastructure. This will enable it to more 
competitively deliver to customers in Europe and Asia. 

Ferrexpo supplies the key steel markets of the world,  
both in its Traditional markets and in its Natural and  
Growth markets. Descriptions of the key market  
segments are below:

Traditional Markets
Ferrexpo’s Traditional markets lie within Central and 
Eastern Europe and include steel plants that were 
designed to use FPM iron ore pellets. FPM has been 
supplying some of these customers for more than 20 
years. Ferrexpo has a well established logistics 
infrastructure to these markets by both river barge and rail. 
Traditional markets include Austria, Czech Republic, 
Russia, Slovakia, Serbia and Hungary.

66% of sales volumes in 2010 went to Traditional Markets, 
compared with 53% in 2009 as demand recovered from 
the 2009 downturn.

Natural Markets
‘Natural Markets’ are regions where the Group has a 
competitive advantage due to proximity, but which are not 
yet fully exploited. This segment includes Western Europe, 
Turkey and the Middle East. Ferrexpo’s proximity across 
the Black Sea to Turkey and the Middle East provides a 
competitive advantage to both the Group and iron ore 
buyers in the region. 

7% of sales volumes in 2010 went to Natural Markets, in 
line with 2009. Ferrexpo is building commercial and 
technical relationships in the Middle East as a base for 
future sales.

   
 
 
 
22

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Operating Review continued

Production – operating statistics table
The table below highlights FPM’s production statistics in 2010 and 2009. In 2010, Ferrexpo increased the amount of iron 
ore mined by 1.3% to 28.9 million tonnes while processing efficiencies allowed FPM to increase the production of pellets 
from own ore by 4.9%. 

(’000t unless otherwise stated) 

Iron ore mined 
Average Fe content  

Iron ore processed 

Concentrate produced (‘WMS’) 
Average Fe content  

Floated concentrate 
Higher grade   
Average Fe content  

Purchased concentrate 
Average Fe content  

Purchased iron ore 

Pellets produced from own ore 
Higher grade 
Average Fe content  
Lower grade 
Average Fe content  

2010 

2009 

+/- 

%

Change

  28,929.77  28,547.28 
30.29 

30.25 

382.49 
-0.04 

  29,096.90  27,720.20 

1376.7 

  11,225.50  10,564.60 
63.33 

62.96 

  6,195.20  6,671.40 
  4,426.20  4,674.80 
67.05 

67.19 

660.90 
-0.37 

-476.2 
-248.6 
0.14 

1.3%
-0.1%

5.0%

6.3%
-0.6%

-7.1%
-5.3%
0.2%

  1,141.90 
66.63 

180.10 
65.39 

961.80 
1.24 

534.0%
1.9%

–  

0.00 

–  

0.0%

  9,033.00  8,609.20 
  4,060.70  4,304.10 
64.94 
  4,972.30  4,305.10 
62.17 

64.97 

62.16 

423.8 
-243.4 
0.03 
667.2 
-0.01 

840.7 
817.9 
64.97 
22.8 
-0.04 

4.9%
-5.7%
0.0%
15.5%
0.0%

534.1%
– 
– 
14.5%
-0.1%

Pellets produced from purchased concentrate and ore 
Higher grade 
Average Fe content  
Lower grade  
Average Fe content  

998.10 
817.90 
64.97 
180.20 
62.16 

157.40 
0.00 
0.00 
157.40 
62.20 

Total pellet production 

Pellet sales volume 

Gravel output 

Stripping volume 

  10,031.10  8,766.60 

1264.5 

14.4%

  9,720.67  9,015.12 

705.547 

  2,904.60  2,846.10 

58.5 

  25,480.50  23,558.90 

1921.6 

7.8%

2.1%

8.2%

Growth Markets
‘Growth Markets’ are those which offer to add new and 
significant tonnage to the Group, especially in Asia. 
Ferrexpo currently has four long-term contracts in place in 
Asia as part of its strategy to build a sustainable customer 
portfolio in these markets. The Group currently has trial 
cargoes with several other significant producers in  
the region. 

27% of sales volumes went to Growth Markets in 2010, 
compared with 39% in 2009. The 2009 figure reflects a 
higher proportion of spot sales to Asia given the impact of 
the economic recession on Traditional Markets customer 
demand. In 2010, the Group witnessed a return of demand 
in Traditional Markets, over 90% of sales from own ore 
were based on long-term volume agreements compared 
to only 70% in 2009.

2009 customer breakdown
% (by sales volume)

1

1. Traditional – 53%
2. Natural – 8%
3. Growth – 39%

3

2

2010 customer breakdown
% (by sales volume)

1

1. Traditional – 66%
2. Natural – 7%
3. Growth – 27%

3

2

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

23

Enhancing logistics capabilities ahead  
of increases in production output

Ferrexpo’s current logistics platform includes over 900 rail 
cars, 5 million tonnes of port capacity for export to the 
seaborne market, and over 250 river vessels for 
transportation on the Rhine/Danube River corridor through 
the recent acquisition of Vienna-based Helogistics. Ahead 
of planned production growth from FYM, Ferrexpo’s 
strategy is to further secure the logistics supply chain for 
delivery of increased product to customers. This includes 
acquiring up to 1,000 additional rail cars during 2011, as 
well as developing the Group’s ship loading capabilities at 
its Black Sea port terminal. This will allow Ferrexpo to 
further capitalise on its geographic proximity to the Middle 
Eastern and Asian markets compared to other seaborne 
pellet producers in the Americas and Scandinavia.

Helogistics
In December 2010, Ferrexpo acquired Helogistics, paying 
$37.8 million cash to settle the company’s existing bank 
debt. Helogistics is one of the largest inland waterway 
transportation companies operating on the Danube/Rhine 
river corridor. In 2009 and 2010, Helogistics transported 
approximately 504 thousand tonnes and 636 thousand 
tonnes of Ferrexpo pellets, respectively, to customers in 
Central Europe. Helogistics will enable the Group to further 
secure the supply chain, improving service to existing 
customers as well as provide further access to markets 
thorough out Europe, enhancing Ferrexpo’s presence as 
the regional market leader in iron ore pellet supply.

Ferrexpo believes that a 
developed logistics infrastructure 
is essential in high volume bulk 
commodity markets such as  
iron ore. 

24

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Operating Review continued

Logistics
The Group’s strategy is to manage the delivery chain to 
customers where possible. Approximately half of pellet 
sales volumes are railed about 700 kilometres to the 
Western Ukrainian border for delivery to customers in 
Central and Eastern Europe. The remaining pellets are 
railed about 550 kilometres to the Black Sea port terminal 
of TIS-Ruda, an associated company of the Group, for 
shipment to Natural and Growth Markets as well as to the 
Port of Izmail, also on the Black Sea, which then barges 
pellets to customers in Central Europe.

The Group currently owns over 900 rail cars, which 
ensures rail car availability for pellet transportation as well 
as an approximate rail tariff discount of over 8%. Ferrexpo 
has signed a contract for the supply of a further 400 rail 
cars which will be supplied over the next year commencing 
in May 2011. The Group has an option to purchase a 
further 600, allowing it to be broadly self sufficient in  
rail cars.

International freight costs relate mainly to sea 
transportation utilising Panamax vessels. These increased 
66% to US$75 million (2009: US$45 million) as a growing 
portion of the Group’s sales to customers in Asia were 
made on a CFR or similar basis rather than on a  
FOB basis.

In December 2010, Ferrexpo acquired Helogistics paying 
US$37.8 million cash to settle the company’s existing  
bank debt. 

Helogistics is one of the largest inland waterway 
transportation companies operating on the Danube/Rhine 
river corridor. In 2009 and 2010, Helogistics transported 
approximately 504 thousand tonnes and 636 thousand 
tonnes of Ferrexpo pellets, respectively, to customers in 
Central Europe. 

Helogistics will enable the Group to further control the 
supply chain securing existing customer relationships and 
provide new access to European markets, solidifying 
Ferrexpo’s presence as the regional market leader in iron 
ore pellet supply. 

Operating costs
Ferrexpo is the third lowest cost pellet producer in the 
world on a FOB basis. Its favourable geographic location 
and established logistics infrastructure helps to ensure that 
it is able to maintain output at full capacity throughout the 
commodities cycle.

FOB cash costs for 2011
Pellets only

100

80

60

40

20

0

s
m
r
e
t

)
0
1
0
2
(

l

a
e
r
n

i

e
n
n
o
t

y
r
d
/
$
S
U

a
v
a
t
l
o
P
o
p
x
e
r
r
e
F

j

s
á
a
r
a
C

o
ã
r
a
b
u
T

a
n
u
r
i
K

e
k
a
L

l

o
r
a
C

20

0
60
Cumulative production capability – wet Mt

100 120 140

80

40

160 180 200 220

The cost environment in 2010 included high Ukrainian  
PPI inflation of 21% and cost increases from a stronger 
commodity price environment. PPI inflation was driven  
by increases in electricity tariffs over the year, compared  
to December 2009, of 24%. Diesel costs increases  
were driven by higher oil price rises whilst the cost  
of steel grinding bodies were in line with increased  
world steel prices. 

Approximately 70% of total operating costs, including 
freight, are in Ukrainian Hryvnia while all revenues received 
are in US dollars. The Hryvnia has remained broadly stable 
on average since the end of 2009 at around UAH8.0 to the 
US dollar. 

The Group’s strategy is to reduce operating costs by 
around 1% to 2% per annum principally through increased 
production and the BIP. Since 2006 the BIP programme 
has reduced the C1 cash cost per tonne by approximately 
US$5.3 on a cumulative basis, largely by reducing 
consumption of electricity, gas and grinding media per unit 
of output as well as increasing labour productivity on the 
same basis. During the period under review, FPM was able 
to reduce the consumption per tonne of electricity and 
grinding media by approximately 3% each compared to 
average consumption levels in 2009. 

Overall, the average C1 cash cost of production was below 
US$40 per tonne for 2010, in line with the Company’s 
expectations. This represented a 15% increase compared 
to the average 2009 C1 cash cost of US$34 per tonne. 
The increase was, however, lower than the local inflation 
rate of 21% for the period.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

25

Ferrexpo is the third lowest cost pellet 
producer in the world on a FOB basis. Its 
favourable geographic location and 
established logistics infrastructure helps to 
ensure that it is able to maintain output at full 
capacity throughout the commodities cycle.

Growth projects
Ferrexpo’s capital expenditure projects are aimed at the 
expansion and upgrade of the existing mine and 
processing facilities and to unlock the considerable value  
in the Group’s under-exploited reserves and resources, 
starting with FYM. 

As part of this strategy, in November 2010, the Board 
approved US$647 million of capital expenditure projects 
which are described below. 

Ferrexpo Yeristovskoye Mine (‘FYM’) 
The Board authorised expenditure of US$267 million to 
achieve first ore from the Yeristovskoye deposit which  
will deliver circa 5.5 million tonnes of primary crushed ore 
to the FPM processing facilities for conversion into 
approximately 1.9 million tonnes of pellets. This is expected 
to be completed by the first half of 2013 and will increase 
total Group pellet output to 12 million tonnes per annum  
of own ore. 

The next phases of FYM’s capital investment programme 
will involve the construction of concentrating and pelletising 
facilities in order to process the remaining circa 21.5 million 
tonnes of annual ore capacity at FYM. These stages are 
subject to the Group’s continuing technical review and 
analysis, availability of funds and Board approval. 

Quality upgrade project at FPM
The Board has approved expenditure of US$212 million for 
the upgrade of the existing concentrator facilities at the 
FPM processing facilities to increase the proportion of 65% 
Fe pellets to 100%. This will allow access to new markets 
and increase the average price that Ferrexpo receives for 
its pellets. Currently approximately half of the Group’s 
production is 65% Fe pellets and the other half is 62% Fe 
pellets. The project is scheduled for completion by the end 
of 2014.

Mine life extension project at FPM
The Board has approved expenditure of US$168 million 
over a period of eight years to extend the life of the existing 
FPM mine to 2038. The project will involve additional 
stripping works in 2011 of around 15 million cubic metres 
to allow access to additional ore from 2014. As a result, the 
ore output from the existing mine will peak at 35 million 
tonnes per annum by 2014 compared to the current output 
of 28 million tonnes per annum.

Ferrexpo’s capital expenditure 
projects are aimed at the 
expansion and upgrade of the 
existing mine and processing 
facilities and to unlock the 
considerable value in the Group’s 
under-exploited reserves and 
resources, starting with FYM.

26

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Financial Highlights

 >
 >
 >
 >

 >

 >

Revenue doubled to US$1.3 billion 
EBITDA up over 300% to US$585.3 million
Diluted eps up 500% to 72.24 US cents 
Cash flow from operations up over 350% to 
US$379.8 million
Cash at 31 December 2010 up significantly 
to US$319.5 million
Net debt reduced by 60% to US$104.4 
million as at 31 December 2010 

Revenue
For the year ended 31 December 2010, the Group’s sales 
volumes increased 7.8% to 9.7 million tonnes (2009: 9.0 
million tonnes) of pellets. Pricing for the first quarter of 2010 
was largely based on the annual benchmark price to 31 
March 2010 while for the remainder of the year quarterly 
and six monthly pricing was agreed with the customer 
base. Overall Ferrexpo achieved an 88.4% increase in its 
average DAF/FOB price in 2010. Higher sales volumes and 
prices resulted in Group revenues almost doubling to 
US$1.3 billion (2009: US$648.6 million).

In 2010, over 90% of sales volumes from own ore were 
based on long term volume agreements compared to 70% 
in 2009 as the Group witnessed a return in demand from 
its Traditional Markets customer base in 2010. 

Cost of sales
The C1 cash cost of production per tonne is defined as the 
cash costs of production of own ore divided by production 
volume of own ore. This excludes non-cash costs and 
one-off items. 

For the year ended 31 December 2010, Ferrexpo 
maintained robust cost control in the face of rising 
commodity prices and local inflation. The average C1 cash 
cost increased 15.4% to US$39.70 per tonne. This 
compared with US$34.40 in 2009. The Group experienced 
cost increases from commodities used in the production 
and processing of iron ore such as oil and steel, as well as 
local PPI inflation of 20.9%. The C1 cash cost per tonne 
once more benefited from production at full capacity 
throughout the period under review. This allowed for 
efficient absorption of the fixed cost base which along with 
the Business Improvement Programme (BIP) helped 
mitigate inflationary cost pressures. As a result, the 
increase in C1 cash costs was lower than the local PPI 
inflation rate. 

Just over half of the C1 cash costs are denominated in 
Ukrainian Hryvnia. The Hryvnia remained on average 
broadly stable in 2010 compared to 2009 at around 
UAH8.0 to the US Dollar. 

Approximately half of Ferrexpo’s C1 cash costs are energy 
related. Electricity tariffs increased by 21.5% in 2010, and 
diesel cost increases reflected higher oil prices. Costs for 
grinding media, which are 10.0% of the C1 cash cost, 
increased inline with higher steel prices. The increase in 
steel prices was more than reflected in higher sales prices 
for our iron ore pellets during the period under review. The 
breakdown of the Group’s C1 cash cost is shown in the 
table on page 28.

Since the inception of the BIP in 2006, the cumulative 
productivity gains have reduced costs by approximately 
US$5.27 per tonne of pellets produced, or US$47.6 million 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

27

Change

99%
324%

516%
641%
499%
500%
0%

Year ended  
31.12.2010 

Year ended
31.12.2009 

  1,294,900 
585,297 
45% 
498,126 
73,002 
425,124 
72.24 
3.3 

648,667 
138,136 
21%
80,850 
9,852 
70,998 
12.05 
3.3 

Summary of financial results

US$ 000 

Revenue 
EBITDA 
As % of revenue 
Profit before taxation 
Income tax 
Profit for the period  
Diluted earnings per share (US cents) 
Final dividend per share (US cents) 

to the 31 December 2010. This has been achieved through 
reduced consumption norms as highlighted in the table on 
page 29. 

The following table shows the geographic split of pellet 
sales by volume:

Purchased concentrate
The Group has nameplate pelletising capacity of 12.0 
million tonnes of pellets per year. Ferrexpo is currently able 
to mine ore sufficient to produce around 9.0 million tonnes 
of pellets. To efficiently utilise the spare processing 
capacity, third party concentrate was purchased which 
increased sales in the high demand environment. The 
Group will continue to purchase third party concentrate 
provided adequate margins can be achieved. During the 
year, 998.1 thousand tonnes of pellet equivalent third party 
concentrate was acquired (2009: 157.4 thousand tonnes) 
which generated a positive contribution. 

Overall, cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 
2010 was US$481.9 million (2009: US$341.1 million) with 
total production volumes increasing by 14.4%.

Selling and distribution expenses
The main components of Ferrexpo’s selling and distribution 
costs are railway freight costs to the Ukrainian border as 
well as port charges and international freight expenses  
for pellets shipped by sea and river to customers on a  
CFR basis.

The following table highlights the selling and distribution 
expenses for the periods indicated:

(US$ millions unless otherwise stated)  

Railway transportation 
Port charges 
International freight 
Other (commissions, insurances, 
  personnel, depreciation, advertising) 

Year ended  
31.12.2010 

Year ended
31.12.2009

81.5 
32.3 
74.9 

69.5
35.3
45.2

23.3 

12.3

Total selling and distribution 
  expenses 

Total sales volume, kt 

Cost per tonne of pellets sold 
  (incl international freight) 

DAF/FOB per tonne of pellets sold 

212.0 

9,721 

162.3

9,015

21.8 

13.1 

18.0

12.0

Selling and distribution expenses increased by 30.7% to 
US$212.0 million, compared to US$162.3 million in 2009. 
This increase reflected 7.8% higher sales volumes and 
higher international freight costs as a larger proportion of 
sales were made including freight.

Year ended  

Year ended
31 December   31 December
2009

2010 

Traditional1 
Natural2 
Growth3 

Total 

65.5% 
7.2% 
27.3%  

52.8%
7.9%
39.3%

100% 

100%

1  Traditional Markets include Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, 

Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Russia and Ukraine.

2  Natural Markets include Western Europe, Turkey and the  

Middle East.

3  Growth Markets include China, India, Japan and South Korea.

Of the volumes sold, 65.5% was sold to our Traditional 
Markets customers in Central and Eastern Europe 
compared with 52.8% in 2009. The increased volumes 
resulted in a 17.3% increase in railway transportation costs 
to US$81.5 million in 2010 (2009: US$69.5 million), as our 
Traditional Markets customers largely receive their product 
by rail. 

Port charges reduced by 8.5% to US$32.3 million (2009: 
US$35.3 million), reflecting lower seaborne sales to our 
Growth Markets customers as their share of sales volume 
fell to 27.3% in 2010 compared with 39.3% in 2009.

International freight costs increased by 65.7% to US$74.9 
million (2009: US$45.2 million) as a growing proportion of 
the Group’s sales to customers in Asia were made on a 
CFR or similar basis rather than on a FOB basis.

General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses increased by 13.9% 
to US$49.2 million for the year ended 31 December 2010 
(2009: US$43.2 million). The increase was primarily due to 
professional fees related to increased business 
development activities including fees for the Helogistics 
acquisition amounting to US$1.6 million.

Other contributing factors were higher depreciation and 
maintenance following increased levels of investment and 
an increase in personnel costs reflecting local inflation  
in Ukraine.

Other income and expense
Other income was US$4.5 million for the year ended 31 
December 2010 (2009: US$4.1 million). The higher amount 
in the 2010 reflected increased sales of spare parts. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Financial Highlights continued

The table below sets out the breakdown of the Group’s C1 cost of sales.

Electricity 
Gas 
Fuel 
Grinding media 
Explosives 
Other materials 
Spare parts, maintenance and consumables 
Personnel costs 
Royalties and levies 

C1 Cost Of Sales 

C1 Cost per tonne 

Other expenses increased by US$2.5 million to US$5.9 
million compared with US$3.4 million in 2009. The increase 
primarily reflected a lower release of allowance for doubtful 
debts compared to the previous year and an increase in 
charitable donations.

EBITDA
Ferrexpo defines EBITDA as profit from continuing 
operations before:
 >

depreciation and amortisation (included in cost of sales, 
administrative expenses and selling and distribution 
costs)
non-recurring cash items included in other income and 
other expenses 
net gains and losses from the disposal of investments 
and property, plant and equipment
tax and finance 

 >

 >

 >

EBITDA increased by 324% to US$585.3 million for the 
year ended 31 December 2010 compared with US$138.1 
million in 2009. The increase was due to 7.8% higher sales 
volumes and a significantly higher average DAF/FOB sales 
price. This was partially offset by a 15.4% increase in C1 
cash costs per tonne. The EBITDA margin in 2010 was 
45.2% compared with 21.3% in 2009.

Disposal of VAT bonds
During 2010, VAT bonds were issued to Ferrexpo by the 
Ukrainian Government with a face value of UAH658.6 
million (US$81.3 million) in compensation for VAT 
outstanding as of 31 December 2009. These instruments 
were subsequently sold realising a loss of UAH86.5 million 
(US$10.9 million) reflecting prevailing conditions in the local 
bond market. 

Finance income and expense
Finance income was US$2.6 million in 2010 compared to 
US$2.9 million in 2009. The decrease was due to lower US 
Libor rates on deposits in 2010 compared to 2009. 

Year ended 31.12.2010 

| 

Year ended 31.12.2009

US$ 000 

97,251 
43,073 
31,169 
35,918 
8,148 
31,351 
58,940 
45,432 
7,237 

%  
of total 

27.1% 
12.0% 
8.7% 
10.0% 
2.4% 
8.7% 
16.4% 
12.7% 
2.0% 

US$ 000 

78,534 
36,942 
27,297 
29,020 
9,042 
22,475 
49,170 
37,717 
6,285 

% 
of total

26.5%
12.5%
9.2%
9.8%
3.1%
7.6%
16.5%
12.7%
2.1%

358,519 

296,482

39.7 

– 

34.4 

–

Finance expenses increased to US$42.8 million for the year 
ended 31 December 2010 (2009: US$23.7 million) due to 
higher interest margins charged on Group borrowings. The 
Group’s average weighted interest rate increased in 2010 
to 7.2% compared to 5.1% in 2009. In 2010, finance 
expense also included arrangement fees for debt financing 
of US$5.5 million carried forward from earlier periods.

Foreign exchange gain/(loss)
Operating foreign exchange gains and losses
Ferrexpo prepares its financial statements in US dollars 
and operating foreign exchange gains and losses reflect 
the revaluation of trade receivables and trade payables that 
are denominated in a currency other than the Group’s 
reporting currency at the balance sheet date. 

In 2010, the Ukrainian Hryvnia remained broadly stable 
against the US dollar, appreciating slightly from UAH 7.99 
to UAH 7.96 compared with UAH 7.70 to UAH 7.99 in 2009. 
As a result in 2010, there were no significant operating 
foreign exchange gains and losses, with a loss of US$1.1 
million recorded (2009: gain of US$2.5 million). 

Non-operating foreign exchange gains and losses
Non-operating foreign exchange losses result from the 
re-translation of financial liabilities, loans and other similar 
items. Non-operating foreign exchange losses increased 
from US$2.6 million to US$3.9 million due to the 
depreciation of the US dollar compared with the  
Swiss Franc.

Income tax expense
The Group pays tax in various jurisdictions. The effective 
income tax rate for the period was 14.7% compared with 
12.2% for the equivalent 2009 period. This is influenced  
by the Group’s mix of profits between Switzerland  
and Ukraine. 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

29

The table below highlights the reduction in consumption norms of key inputs achieved since 2005:

Consumption norms 

UOM 

2005 

2006 

2007 

2008 

2009 

Electricity 
Gas 
Grinding media 

Personnel 

kWh per t of pellets 
m3 per t of pellets 
kg per t of concentrate 
kg per t of pellets 
‘000 tonnes per head 

205.5 
22.0 
5.5 
6.4 
0.7 

195.6 
19.2 
5.0 
6.0 
1.0 

190.9 
18.4 
4.8 
5.8 
1.2 

183.7 
17.4 
4.7 
5.7 
1.3 

184.6 
16.3 
4.7 
5.8 
1.4 

% change 
2010  2010 vs. 2005

179.5 
16.7 
4.5 
5.6 
1.5 

-13%
-24%
-18%
-13%
103%

Statement of financial position and cash flow
The Group’s cash flow from operating activities increased
by 394% to US$379.8 million (2009: US$76.9 million). This
was after a working capital outflow of US$136.8 million
(2009: US$13.8 million working capital outflow). The 
working capital outflow was largely due to a US$74.0 
million increase in trade receivables reflecting higher prices, 
a US$20.4 million increase in VAT receivables and a 
US$42.9 million increase in inventory due to stocks of third 
party concentrate and pellets at the year end.

Total capital expenditure in 2010 was US$167.1 million 
(2009: US$86.2 million). Of the total, US$49.1 million was 
for sustaining capital expenditure at FPM. Total 
development capital expenditure amounted to US$118.0 
million. This consisted of US$54.9 million for FPM which 
included capitalised stripping and mining equipment for the 
Mine Life Extension Project and the Quality Upgrade 
Project. US$42.6 million was for the development of FYM, 
which included US$27.4 million for mining equipment. 
US$2.4 million was spent on development of the northern 
deposits while US$18.1 million was spent on infrastructure 
including the purchase of over 300 rail cars during the year. 

In November 2010, the Board approved a capital 
expenditure budget of US$647 million as part of the first 
stage of the Group’s capital investment programme. This 
first stage of the programme will be funded from the 
Group’s cash flow generation. 

Borrowings 
Net financial indebtedness (‘NFI’) reduced by US$153.2 
million to US$104.4 million (2009: US$257.6 million). 
Ferrexpo secured a new Pre-Export Financing (“PXF”) 
facility in September 2010 for US$350 million. The facility 
matures on 31 March 2014, amortising over 24 months 
following an 18 month grace period. 

As of 31 December 2010, total credit lines amounted to 
US$596.9 million of which US$423.9 million had been 
drawn. This compares to credit lines of US$319.5 million at 
31 December 2009 of which US$269.5 million had been 
drawn. The average life to maturity of Ferrexpo’s debt as of 
31 December 2010 was 2.3 years compared to one year 
as of 31 December 2009. 

As of 31 December 2010 the Group had cash balances of 
US$319.5 million compared with US$12.0 million as of 31 
December 2009. The balance at 31 December 2010 
included restricted cash held in escrow of US$37.8 million 
for payment of the Helogistics acquisition. 

As of 31 December 2010 net debt to EBITDA decreased 
significantly to 0.2 times (31 December 2009: 1.9 times). 

The following table analyses the net financial indebtedness 
of the Group:

US$ 000 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Current borrowings 
Non-current borrowings 

As at 
31.12.2010 

As at
31.12.2009

319,470 
(22,563) 
(401,290) 

11,991
(251,379)
(18,143)

Net financial indebtedness 

(104.384) 

(257,655)

Related party transactions
The overview of the Group’s related party transactions 
undertaken during the financial year 2010 is disclosed in 
note 35 to the accounts.

Key relationships and significant contracts
The Group has several key relationships and significant 
contracts which are critical to its business. These include, 
but are not limited to, the Group’s relationships with its 
majority shareholder, customers, lenders and employees. 

Majority shareholder
The majority shareholder of the Group is Fevamotinico 
S.a.r.l. (‘Fevamotinico’), a company owned by The Minco 
Trust, one of the beneficiaries of which is Kostyantin 
Zhevago, the Group’s Chief Executive Officer. At the time 
that this report was published, Fevamotinico held 51.0% 
(2009: 51.0%) of Ferrexpo plc’s issued share capital. 
Ferrexpo plc entered into a Relationship Agreement with 
Fevamotinico, The Minco Trust and Mr Zhevago in 
June 2007.

Further detail and material terms relating to the 
Relationship Agreement are available in the Group’s Listing 
Prospectus dated 15 June 2007.

Principal customers
The Group sells approximately 54.5% (2009: 41.2%) of its 
production on the basis of long-term supply contracts to its 
two largest customers, Voestalpine AG (‘Voestalpine’) in 
Austria and the Slovakian and Serbian operations of United 
States Steel Corporation (‘USS’). The long-term supply 
contract with Voestalpine expires in March 2020 and with 
US Steel in March 2011.

Employees
Critical employees are the members of the Group’s 
Executive Committee, details of whom can be found on 
pages 44 and 45 of this Annual Report.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Risks relating to our business

The list of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group’s 
business that follows below is based on the Board’s current 
understanding, but because of the very nature of risk it cannot be 
expected to be exhaustive. New risks may emerge and the severity or 
probability associated with known risks may change over time.

The Group faces several risks to its business and strategy and 
management of these risks is an integral part of the management of 
the Group. The Group’s Executive Committee has put in place a 
formal process to assist it in identifying and reviewing risks. Plans to 
mitigate known risks are formulated and the effectiveness of, and 
progress in, implementing these plans is reviewed regularly, in 
accordance with the Turnbull Guidance. Despite the Group’s best 
efforts to factor these known risks into its business strategy, inevitably 
risks will exist of which the Group is currently unaware. 

Risks relating to the Group’s operations

Iron ore prices and market 

Description:
The Group’s business is dependent on demand and price 
developments in the international iron ore market. 

Impact: 
Fluctuations in iron ore prices and demand may negatively impact the 
financial result of the Group.

Mining risks and hazards

Description:
The Group’s operations are subject to risks and hazards, including 
industrial accidents, equipment failure, unusual or unexpected 
geological conditions, environmental hazards, labour disputes, 
changes in the local regulatory environment, extreme weather 
conditions (especially in winter) and other natural phenomena. 
Hazards associated with open-pit mining include accidents involving 
the operation of open-pit mining and rock transportation equipment 
and the preparation and ignition of large scale open-pit blasting 
operations, collapses of the open-pit wall and flooding of the 
open pit.

Mitigation: 
The management of the Group closely monitor developments in the 
international iron ore market in order for the Group to be in a position 
to react in a timely manner to changes to iron ore prices and 
demand.

The Group successfully reacted to adverse market conditions during 
the 2009 financial year by recognising the importance of cost 
reduction and marketing flexibility at an early stage.

Impact: 
The Group may experience material mine or plant shutdowns or 
periods of reduced production as a result of any of the before 
mentioned factors, and any such events could negatively affect the 
Group’s results of operations.

Mitigation:
The Group is dedicated to a zero-harm objective and the mitigation  
of mining risk is one of the primary operational goals of the Group. 
However, given the nature of mining operations there is no guarantee 
that accidents and fatalities will not occur in the future, despite all the 
safety initiatives undertaken and processes put in place. In 2010 the 
Group had one operational fatality, compared with none in 2009 and 
three in 2008. Throughout the Group’s 40 year history of operation it 
has not experienced any significant shutdowns.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

31

Risks relating to the Group’s operations continued

Reliance on State monopolies

Description:
Changes in costs of the Group’s mining and processing operations 
could occur and consequently result in changes in profitability or the 
feasibility in mining existing and future reserves. Many of these 
changes may be beyond the Group’s control, such as those input 
costs controlled by Ukrainian state regulation, including railway tariffs, 
energy costs and royalties.

The Group is dependent on gas provided by the State which in turn 
receives its gas from Russia. In January 2009 Russia and Ukraine 
were in dispute with regards to gas prices which resulted in a two 
week gas supply disruption.

Logistics

Description:
The Group is dependent on logistics services provided by third 
parties and State-owned organisations. The dependency is primarily 
related to the rail freight network services, services from port facilities 
and barging companies and may result in logistics bottlenecks. 

Impact:
Increased energy and railway tariffs as well as increased royalties will 
affect the Group’s costs. Furthermore, if gas supplies are disrupted in 
future for any substantial period of time, this may have a detrimental 
effect on the Group’s ability to conduct its operations.

Mitigation: 
The factors having an impact on the Group’s future cost structure are 
closely monitored by management and cost reduction initiatives are 
planned and reported to the Board. The Business Improvement 
Programme (‘BIP’) focuses on the reduction of consumption norms. 
Since 2005 it has reduced the C1 cash cost by US$5.27 per tonne of 
pellets. In addition the Group, where possible, seeks to mitigate 
supply disruption of key inputs by entering into contracts with 
independent suppliers and traders thus reducing its reliance on State 
monopolies. This was the case in January 2009 where the Group’s 
production was not impacted by the gas dispute between Russia 
and Ukraine.

Impact:
The identified potential logistics bottlenecks, if left unmanaged, could 
adversely impact the ability of the Group to distribute its products on 
time and may affect its future growth strategy.

Mitigation:
The Group has embarked upon a programme of investing in its own 
rail cars. It also acquired, in January 2011, Helogistics a barging 
company operating on the Danube/Rhine river corridor reducing its 
reliance on 3rd party barging companies. The 49% investment in the 
port of TIS-Ruda provides the Group with independent access to the 
seaborne markets in Asia as well as to markets in Turkey and the 
Middle East. 

Counterparty risk

Description:
During the year ended 31 December 2010, sales made to three 
customers accounted for approximately 63% of sales revenue 
(2009: 52%)

Impact:
Financial instability on the part of the Group’s counterparties, 
especially its major customers, could adversely affect its financial 
results.

Licences

Description:
Licences are critical to the Group’s operations, and there is no 
guarantee of their renewal or reconfirmation in the future, nor is there 
a guarantee that the Group will be able to obtain any additional 
licences. See also ‘Risk relating to the Group’s strategy – 
Government approvals of expansion’.

Mitigation:
Customers’ financial strength is subject to regular and thorough 
review. The results of these reviews are used to change sales terms 
with customers in order to mitigate the risk of uncollectible receivable 
balances. As a result of the rigorous procedures put in place, the 
Group has not experienced any significant bad debt losses.

Impact:
The lapse of licences held by the Group as well as any failure to 
obtain any additional licences may adversely affect the Group’s ability 
to meet future growth targets.

Mitigation:
The Group continues to monitor and review its commitments under 
its various licences, and continues to work to ensure that the 
conditions contained within the licences are fulfilled or the appropriate 
waivers obtained.

32

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Risks relating to our business continued

Risks relating to finance

Exchange rate risk

Description:
The Group receives the majority of its income in US dollars,  
however, a large proportion of the Group’s costs are denominated  
in Ukrainian Hryvnia.

Impact:
An appreciation of the Ukrainian Hryvnia versus the US dollar would 
have a negative impact on the profitability of the Group. 

Mitigation:
The exposure to foreign currency fluctuation is closely monitored by 
the Group in order to make appropriate decisions on a timely basis, if 
needed. The Group did not enter into any foreign currency hedging 
agreements during 2010.

Interest rate risk

Description:
The majority of the Group’s borrowings are linked to floating US dollar 
LIBOR rates exposing the Group to interest rate changes. 

Impact:
An increase in interest rates will have a negative impact on the 
financial costs of the Group’s borrowing affecting profitability.

Financing risk

Description:
Development projects require additional funding above the cash 
generation capabilities of the existing operations which need to be 
covered with specific finance arrangements.

The Group’s principal loan facility contains covenants relating to its 
net financial leverage, defined as total debt less cash and cash 
equivalents as a ratio to Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation 
and Amortisation (‘EBITDA’). 

Mitigation:
The Group monitors its proportion of fixed and floating interest rate 
borrowings in order to maximise profitability. The Group did not  
enter into derivative financial instruments such as interest rate  
swaps in 2010.

Impact:
In the event of a severe market downturn the Group may not earn 
sufficient EBITDA to meet the required net financial leverage ratio. 

Mitigation:
The Group’s financial policies are designed to meet the covenant 
obligations, under its principal loan facility, in all stages of the 
commodities cycle. The Group expects to have sufficient liquidity to 
operate successfully throughout 2011 and sufficient long-term 
contracts in order to meet the requirements of all debt covenants.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

33

Risks relating to the Group’s strategy

Expansion capital expenditure

Description:
Our future financial and operational performance depends on our 
ability to successfully upgrade existing facilities and develop currently 
unexploited mining assets.

Impact:
As with all major capital projects of this kind, there is a risk of 
insufficient controls and cost overruns which could impact the time to 
completion of these projects and the return on the capital invested.

Government approvals of expansion

Description:
The Group does not yet have all governmental approvals required to 
implement all of its expansion projects. Although all approvals which 
have been applied for have been granted, there is no guarantee that 
others will be granted in the future. 

For example, there are some small communities located on the 
proposed site of the Group’s expansion projects at Belanovskoye. 
Although the Group considers that there is a low risk of difficulties 
being encountered in relocating these communities, there can be no 
assurance of this.

Risks relating to operations in Ukraine

Ukrainian producer price inflation (‘PPI’)

Description:
Ukraine has experienced double digit inflation over a number of 
years. In 2010 PPI was over 20%. 

Ukrainian labour and social unrest

Description:
The failure of salaries and benefits generally to keep pace with the 
cost of living have led in the past, and could lead in the future, to 
labour and social unrest. Labour and social unrest could have 
political, social and economical consequences, such as increased 
renewal of centralised authority. 

Ukrainian VAT receivable

Description:
FPM and FYM do not have substantial amounts of VAT on revenues 
to offset against VAT incurred on purchases. The Ukrainian 
Government does not always repay VAT receivable on a timely basis. 

Mitigation:
The Group has established procedures to control, monitor and 
manage capital expenditure, and has also appointed a Chief 
Operating Officer. Monthly asset reviews occur on site, and 
investment risks are periodically reviewed by the Board.

Impact:
A failure to receive governmental approvals will have a negative 
impact on achieving the Group’s growth plans. 

Mitigation:
The Group maintains an open and proactive relationship with the 
different governmental authorities and is aware of the importance of 
compliance with local legislation and standards.

Impact:
If not mitigated by devaluation of the Ukrainian currency and 
efficiency improvements, the inflationary environment poses a risk to 
the costs and profitability level of the Group’s business.

Mitigation:
Ukrainian inflation is closely monitored to assess and address the 
implications for the Group in a timely manner. Since the inception of 
BIP programme in 2006, the cumulative productivity gains have 
saved Ferrexpo approximately US$47.6 million. 

Impact:
The uncertainties in the Ukrainian economic and political  
environment could have an adverse effect on the Group’s business 
and financial results.

Mitigation:
The Board closely monitors any developments and changes in the 
political and social environment and maintains regular contact with 
regional and national government authorities.

Impact:
The late repayment of VAT results in increased working capital which 
is funded by the Group. 

Mitigation:
The repayment of VAT is closely monitored by management.  
Funding plans are developed to manage temporary increases  
in the VAT receivable.

34

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Social Responsibility Review

Ferrexpo’s commitment to corporate social 
responsibility 

The Ferrexpo Board’s commitment to 
corporate social responsibility (‘CSR’) 
derives from a shared belief that the 
Group’s licence to operate will be 
underpinned by the Group’s CSR 
performance. For many operations within 
former CIS countries, the traditional 
response has been to use legal 
requirements as the sole benchmark for 
CSR compliance. By contrast, we view legal 
standards for CSR as a minimum level and 
we are committed to striving to achieve  
the highest international standards of 
performance in CSR matters. We will 
ensure that during 2011 investment in 
health, safety and the environment  
is maintained.

The Board’s approach to CSR
The Board demonstrates its commitment to CSR through:
 >
 >
 >
 >

Group policies;
Board and management focus; 
Asset level management systems; and 
Performance management at all levels.

The Board believes that Ferrexpo has made good progress 
during the year. A Group-wide Code of Corporate 
Responsibility and Business Ethics (the ‘Code’), which has 
been translated into Ukrainian and Russian and 
communicated to employees, enshrines the Company’s 
values in three main areas. These are:

Business principles
Ferrexpo must maintain high standards of behaviour with 
all those it deals with, both inside and outside the Group. 
Its conduct and business dealings should be associated 
with honesty and integrity, making it an attractive and 
reliable business partner.

Community relations
Ferrexpo’s presence should benefit those around it, and its 
operations will benefit if local communities are thriving. Any 
member company of the Group should be considered an 
attractive local employer.

Stewardship
Ferrexpo must develop and manage its resources  
and facilities in a sensible manner, having regard for  
the natural and social environment in which it operates. 
Companies within the Group should be associated  
with a commitment to achieving the highest  
environmental and safety standards.

The Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility 
Committee
The Group has a Corporate Safety and Social 
Responsibility Committee (the ‘CSR Committee’) which 
monitors the implementation of CSR policies. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

35

The CSR Committee is chaired by Viktor Lotous (Ferrexpo 
Poltava Mining (‘FPM’) Chief Operating Officer). The other 
members of the CSR Committee are Michael Abrahams 
(Chairman of the Board), Kostyantin Zhevago (Chief 
Executive Officer) and Brian Maynard (Group Chief 
Operating Officer). To assist them in the exercise of their 
duties, the CSR Committee will, from time to time, engage 
specialist technical advisers. The CSR Committee met 
once during 2010. In addition, the whole Board received a 
detailed presentation on safety when it visited the site 
during the year.

During the year the business reviewed by the CSR 
Committee included the following items:
 >

Overall review of safety in mining and processing 
operations, including analysis of industrial injuries and 
sickness, workplace conditions, and labour safety 
audits.
Update on the work of DuPont Safety Resources 
(‘DuPont’) and their recommendations.
CSR Reporting.

 >

 >

The CSR framework 
Management recognises that reaching the highest 
standards will entail a continuous process of evaluation 
and improvement founded on a sound CSR framework. 
Ferrexpo has adopted a seven point CSR framework 
covering values, strategy, policies, objectives, targets, 
monitoring and auditing, and communication.

CSR at FPM
As it is still much the largest asset within the Group, FPM 
provides the main focus for development and 
implementation of the Group’s CSR procedures, based on 
established Group policies. Within FPM a single 
department has responsibility for all aspects of health and 
safety, security and environmental protection. This 
department is responsible for air and water testing 
laboratories, the medical centre, fire prevention service, 
gas service, civil defence and emergency response 
headquarters and workshops. This department reports 
directly to the FPM Chief Operating Officer.

CSR at FYM
The number of staff at FYM grew steadily during the year, 
from under 70 to over 350, but is still only a small fraction 
of the total workforce. CSR matters form part of FYM’s 
regular reporting procedures. 

All Group employees are expected to take personal 
responsibility for their conduct, and management 
recognises the need to create a cultural and behavioural 
environment among the Group’s workforce that  
will allow the policies agreed by the Board to be 
successfully implemented.

Health and safety
Ferrexpo’s health and safety policy 
 >

The prevention of injuries to employees is the highest 
priority of the Board and management. Policies and 
practices at all levels need to reflect this.
Within Ferrexpo’s operating assets, accountability  
for health and safety performance lies with senior  
line management.
All operating assets are required to develop  
and implement health and safety management  
systems in line with Group policy, including 
performance management.
Performance metrics will reflect the Group’s 
commitment to strive to achieve the highest standards 
of health and safety performance.
Senior line management is responsible for ensuring  
that adequate resources are committed to health  
and safety. They have an obligation to secure their 
resources through the Group’s planning and  
budgeting processes.
Adequate health and safety training will be given to all 
employees and contractors.
Specific focus needs to be applied to behavioural safety 
at all levels, to fatal risk prevention and to the major 
industrial health hazards associated with our 
operations. 
Employees are personally responsible for their own 
safety and that of their colleagues.

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

Health and safety objectives 
The objective set in 2009 of achieving the best mining 
safety record in Ukraine is supported by targets including a 
reduction of 20% in the lost-time injury frequency rate. In 
this respect 2010 was a disappointing year (see under 
“Health and safety performance” below), and comparisons 
with other mining companies in Ukraine on the basis of the 
limited information that they publish suggest that Ferrexpo 
still has some way to go to reach its objective. However, 
comparisons with past performance should take account 
of the likelihood that raising the profile of safety in the 
Company has made the under-reporting of accidents 
much more rare than in the past. The particularly severe 
winter weather of early 2010 was also a contributing factor, 
with least one injury caused by a fall on an icy road. 

For 2011 management is determined to do everything 
possible to reinforce further the safety culture at Ferrexpo, 
through an increase In safety spending as a proportion of 
sales revenue, through the development of the safety 
training programme, and through a continuing link between 
safety performance and staff remuneration (safety KPIs 
now apply to all staff down to middle management level). 

 
36

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Social Responsibility Review continued

Monitoring the effectiveness of health and safety policies 
includes the review of health and safety performance, as 
measured by key KPIs as shown below:

Health and safety performance 

2010 

2009 

2008

Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate
    (LTIFR – see note) 
Fatal accidents 
Total accidents 
Lost days 

 1.43 
1 
20  
916 

1.11 
0 
15 
530 

0.95
3
17
591

Note
LTIFR – Number of work-related lost time injuries per million man hours. 

Health and safety management systems
In accordance with Ukrainian law, FPM has developed a 
health and safety policy applicable to its operations and 
types of activity that is in line with the Group health and 
safety policy. Compliance with this policy is monitored via a 
three-tiered system. Daily control is conducted by 
operating personnel, engineers and technicians. 
Production managers carry out weekly inspections, and 
senior management conducts periodic inspections in 
conjunction with government personnel. 

Following a restructuring of the Labour Safety Department 
in 2009, there is a centralised Directorate for Industrial 
Labour Safety and Environmental Protection taking the 
place of the previous more localised structure. 
Remuneration of safety engineers is no longer directly 
linked to operational output. The purpose of setting up 
 the Directorate was to develop a uniform policy and 
achieve the maximum degree of co-ordination of progress 
towards achievement of the goals set in the field of  
labour safety. Procedural manuals on labour safety  
and environmental protection at the operational level 
continue to be developed.

As it updates the current procedures of the labour safety 
management system, the FPM management continues  
to take into account best practice both in Ukraine and 
abroad. In 2010 this took the form of co-operation with  
the labour safety consultants DuPont in the area of  
labour safety training and auditing (see under ‘Safety 
Initiatives’ below). 

In 2006 FPM initiated the development of a health and 
safety management system consistent with the 
requirements of OHSAS 18001, the internationally 
recognised standard for health and safety management. 
This system was externally audited under the Ukrainian 
UkrSEPRO system in March 2007 and accreditation was 
obtained in April 2007. The system was audited again in 
March 2008, March 2009 and March 2010, and the 
accreditation was confirmed by external auditors on  
each occasion.

Fatalities and reportable accidents
The prevention of injuries to employees is the highest 
priority of the Board and management who follow the 
principle that all accidents are avoidable. 

In line with policy at FPM, all accidents are investigated to 
determine the cause and identify appropriate remedial 
action. This analysis, which also covers minor accidents 
not involving time spent off work (‘microtraumas’) is carried 
out according to a methodology agreed with DuPont. 
Fatalities and other serious accidents are additionally 
investigated by the State authority. The Board, the CSR 
Committee and the Executive Committee require senior 
management to provide full reports on the causes of fatal 
and serious accidents, details of corrective actions to 
prevent these types of accident from recurring, and plans 
for enhancing overall safety management based on the 
lessons learnt. Senior managers are expected to present 
these reports, in person, at the first Executive Committee 
meeting after the accident concerned. 

Tragically, there was one fatal accident at FPM in 2010,  
to the machinery repair man Ivan Kharchenko. A full 
investigation was carried out by both the Company and,  
as is usual in such cases, the State authorities, which 
attributed the accident to the failure of an item of electrical 
equipment. All similar items of equipment were then 
checked and replaced if appropriate. Also, measures  
have been taken for the total replacement of electrical 
equipment on cranes in the crushing plant during  
2011-2012.

In accordance with Ukrainian compulsory social insurance 
laws, compensation equivalent to up to five times annual 
salary is payable to the victims of accidents (or their 
families). Individual workers contribute to a statutory 
insurance fund which is responsible for paying the 
compensation. FPM is aware that it has a moral as well  
as a legal responsibility towards the families of employees 
affected by accidents at work and will also make additional 
voluntary payments to the family of employees on  
a case-by-case basis to ensure that they do not  
suffer hardship.

 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

37

Safety initiatives 
In 2010 FPM continued to implement safety programmes 
to improve the health and safety of its workers. These 
included:
 >

Work with DuPont (under the contract entered into at 
the end of 2009) on behavioural audits, with training 
sessions for 150 line managers, carried out in 
conjunction with a DuPont consultant, on how to carry 
out these audits, whose purpose is to improve 
company safety culture and eliminate dangerous work 
practices. 
Now that most of middle management has been trained 
in safety matters, training is being provided for more 
junior staff (additional to what they receive by law at the 
state safety institutes). 
Periodic revision of Company safety standards which 
are promulgated throughout the organisation, both 
orally and in writing (via procedure manuals). 

 >

 >

Evidence that these and previous initiatives are bearing 
fruit, and that a safety culture is taking root, has been seen 
in the increasing readiness of staff to raise safety problems 
with management and suggest solutions to them. 

FPM is required by Ukrainian labour protection laws to 
dedicate at least 0.5% of sales revenue to labour protection 
and safety. This statutory payment amounted in 2010 to 
approximately UAH 41.5 million (US$5.2 million, or 0.7% of 
sales) (2009: US$3.3 million, or 0.6% of sales). 

FYM is starting to implement a full-time safety programme 
at the pit, which includes ensuring that Health and Safety 
technicians have the constant use of a car in which to 
patrol all areas. 

Occupational health initiatives
In accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of 
Health in Ukraine and to prevent or detect occupational 
diseases at an early stage, FPM employees, particularly 
those engaged in potentially hazardous work, are given 
medical examinations both upon recruitment and at regular 
intervals during their employment. The health of employees 
who have worked for 10 years or more under potentially 
hazardous working conditions is assessed more rigorously.

As an integral part of the Directorate of Industrial and 
Labour Safety and Environmental Protection, FPM owns an 
on-site health centre. The health centre carries out medical 
examinations of staff on joining the company, as well as 
annual medical examination of the employees aimed at 
preventing and treating occupational diseases, according 
to the requirements of the current labour legislation of 
Ukraine. Additionally, on a contract basis, the health centre 
provides services for subcontractors’ employees. The cost 
of providing medical services in 2010 was UAH 7.3 million 
(US$0.9 million), the majority of which was spent on 
maintaining the health centre and ambulance, and on 
medical check-ups for staff.

In the past three years, there have been eight recorded 
cases of industrial disease (three in 2008, two in 2009 and 
three in 2010); most cases are associated with prolonged 
exposure to high dust concentrations. Other diseases 
included auditory impairment due to excessive noise and 
two cases of cancer (which whilst classified as industrial 
disease in accordance with Ukrainian legislation and 
therefore recorded, are not believed to have been directly 
attributable to the Group’s operations). 

The industrial diseases that have been recorded include 
some – silicosis and bronchial complaints – which can be 
caused by exposure to particular forms of dust (although 
there are also other possible causes for some of these 
diseases). Improvements to dust control systems are part 
of a long-term package of measures designed to improve 
the working environment. To reduce the dust level in the 
production area in the mine and at the processing plants 
and workshops, the pit-face and roads in and around  
the mine are watered each shift (depending on the  
weather pattern).

Employees
Ferrexpo’s employment principles include policies and 
practices on company standards, security, recruitment, 
remuneration, equal opportunities and training and 
development. These are backed up by subsidiary 
company employment manuals to cover local legal and 
regulatory requirements.

As part of the restructuring process involving an 
outsourcing of non-core mining activities, during 2009 25 
security staff previously employed directly were transferred 
to the local security company that provides services to 
FPM. Additionally, the Specialised Electric Equipment and 
Networks Repairs Department (212 staff) was moved 
outside the company structure. No further staff were 
transferred in 2010.

FPM continues to recruit specialist graduates from 
Dnepropetrovsky Mining Academy, Kyiv University, 
Krivoy-Rog Institute and Komsomolsk Polytechnical 
School among other places to fill available technical and 
financial positions. 

Ferrexpo is aware of the increasing demand for staff with 
mining expertise in the CIS countries and elsewhere, and is 
constantly looking for ways to motivate and retain its key 
employees. (For an example of this, see case study on the 
social loyalty housing programme on page 39.) 

Further information on employee numbers is set out in note 
36 to the accounts.

 
38

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Social Responsibility Review continued

Training and development
The Group is committed to developing its employees.  
The Group provides technical training for all employees 
consistent with their duties and responsibilities.  
In particular, investment has been made in facilities for 
health and safety training. In 2010, 103 employees were 
sponsored by Ferrexpo at institutes of higher education. 
Total educational spending for employees in higher 
educational establishments was UAH0.4 million 
(US$0.1 million). 

Trade unions and industrial relations
The Group does not have individual contracts with its 
employees in Ukraine other than with its senior managers. 
Most of FPM’s workers are members of a trade union (the 
‘Poltava Trade Union’). FPM entered into a new collective 
bargaining agreement with the Poltava Trade Union in 
2008. A protocol of intent with the Poltava Trade Union for 
the period from 2008 to 2010 states that individual salaries 
will be increased at least in line with inflation and that an 
annual reduction in headcount will occur, subject (except 
for any jobs that are outsourced) up to an agreed 
maximum. Management believes, having conducted 
market research, that wages paid by the Group are higher 
than average wages in Ukraine, although they tend to be 
less than the average wages paid by other Ukrainian 
mining companies.

There has been no major industrial action or labour dispute 
at Poltava since its privatisation in 1995. In the summer of 
2010, following the introduction of more modern, safe and 
comfortable dump trucks and excavators on the site and a 
consequent significant improvement in the working 
conditions of the staff operating them, there was a 
re-certification of workplaces. This meant that the 
retirement age of the staff concerned (who had previously 
been allowed to retire early without loss of benefit because 
of their hard working conditions) was changed from 50 to 
55. Some of the staff objected to this and took unofficial 
industrial action in the form of a limited ‘go-slow’ in the first 
week of August, after which normal working was resumed. 
Most of the staff did not support the go-slow, and there 
was no impact on production. FPM then participated in a 
working group including representatives of the government 
authorities, which found that FPM had acted correctly in 
the re-certification of workplaces.

Environment
Ferrexpo’s Environmental policy
 >

Our operating practices and growth plans will be 
implemented in a manner consistent with the principles 
underlying long-term sustainable resource 
development; we will balance the long-term 
environmental consequences of our actions against 
short-term economic returns.
The mines are required to develop and implement 
environmental management systems in line with  
Group policy.
All new capital projects will include environmental risk 
assessments and mitigation plans.

 >

 >

Monitoring the effectiveness of environmental policy 
includes the review of key KPIs for emissions which are 
shown below. 

Emissions in tonnes

Total gas emissions 
Of which:
  Nitrogen dioxide  
  Carbon monoxide  
  Sulphur dioxide  
Total solid emissions  

2008 

 2009 

2010

6,177 

6,167 

6,294

2,879 
2,312  
888 
3,224  

 2,876 
2,306 
 886 
3,212 

2,922
2,336
937
3,575

9,869

Total emissions 

9,401 

 9,379 

In 2010 FPM spent UAH46 million (US$5.8 million) on the 
implementation of environmental measures. Payments  
for emissions and waste placement amounted to 
UAH23 million (US$2.9 million).

Environmental management systems
The primary responsibility of FPM’s dedicated 
Environmental Department is to ensure that all necessary 
permits are in place, to undertake monitoring in 
accordance with the prevailing regulatory requirements 
and to supervise the implementation of an agreed 
programme of environmental improvements based on the 
Department’s own assessments.

Environmental laws in Ukraine set requirements for the 
protection of the natural environment, the use of natural 
resources, emissions into the atmosphere and water and 
waste disposal. FPM holds a number of environmental 
licences and permits, including permits for atmospheric 
emission control, solid waste disposal, tailings disposal, 
mine waste disposal and industrial use of fresh water. Until 
2007, the environmental monitoring and management 
programme was designed solely to meet the current 
statutory requirements. However, in 2006, the 
Environmental Department started to develop a full 
Environmental Management System (‘EMS’) in accordance 
with ISO 14001. The EMS was externally audited by the 
Ukrainian UkrSEPRO authority and given a certificate of 
conformity with ISO 14001 in the second quarter of 2007. 

 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

39

Social loyalty housing programme

In view of the difficulties that individuals in Ukraine 
face when obtaining housing finance, FPM has 
recommenced its social housing programme (last 
operated in 2006 before the IPO). 

This is an arrangement, fairly common in Ukraine, under which 
financial assistance in the form of a housing loan at a favourable 
rate is provided to employees at Komsomolsk. The loan is 
extended and administered by a commercial bank but 
guaranteed by FPM, with the aim of motivating and retaining 
selected employees in the face of increasing demand for their 
services by Ferrexpo’s competitors in Ukraine and elsewhere. 

FPM will act as guarantor for the housing loans provided to key 
members of staff with high potential and a good performance 
record. The total amount of the loans is expected to be around 
US$3.5 million; this will allow assistance to be given to up to 100 
employees to buy flats in and around Komsomolsk. The 
programme is expected to run for 10 to 15 years.

40

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Social Responsibility Review continued

The system was audited again in May 2010, and the 
accreditation was confirmed by external auditors. 

Project evaluation
The Group has endorsed the Equator Principles as a 
benchmark when evaluating new projects. As part of any 
new project proposal, the Group will undertake an 
environmental impact assessment and this will be reviewed 
alongside other project evaluation documents presented to 
the Board for approval. During 2009 Ferrexpo completed 
an independent review of the Ukrainian EIA (OVOS), which 
covers our regulatory environmental requirements, for the 
Yeristovo mine pre-strip and the actual environmental 
performance of the current Yeristovo operations against 
the requirements of the International Finance Corporation’s 
(‘IFC’) Environmental and Social Performance Standards. 
Ferrexpo remains committed to applying the IFC 
requirements as it prepares plans for further development 
of the Yeristovo project. During 2010 FYM completed  
a study that sets out guidelines for monitoring the 
environmental and social impact of the project as  
it develops. 

Environmental initiatives
Air quality
Dust and gas emissions are two major issues that FPM 
carefully monitors and controls to ensure that air quality is 
not adversely impacted by its operations. In recent years, 
there have been a substantial number of initiatives taken to 
meet this need. Progress during 2010 is set out below.

Water management
FPM uses some 491 million cubic metres of water each 
year, much of which is recycled through the tailings facility, 
although approximately 3.5 million cubic metres is 
extracted from a combination of the local river and the 
municipal drinking water supply.

The Tailings Storage Facility (‘TSF’) also receives the 
treated effluent from Komsomolsk’s sewage treatment 
plant. Excess water from the TSF is passed through an 
extensive bio-engineered treatment system commissioned 
in May 2002. 

Storm water from the site is treated in a new cascade 
treatment plant with a filtering dam commissioned in late 
2005. The plant is designed to remove suspended solids 
and organic pollutants. Other rain and melt water is 
pumped to the slurry pit for clarification; in the case of 
excess water it is directed to the bio-engineered treatment 
unit for additional treatment together with the remainder of 
TSF dam-filtered water. 

During 2006 and 2007, the washing facilities of the mining 
transport department were rebuilt to prevent the pollution 
of ground water by oil products that had been carried by 
the surface water as it drained away. This had previously 
occurred due to damage of the washing area and  
dirt collector.

Progress in 2010
 >

Protection of the local river system (including advanced 
water treatment of clarified water at the sludge 
depository in the biological purification plant so as to 
prevent excessive discharge of pollutants into the local 
river system) – spending of US$0.2 million in 2010. 
Modernisation of the bulldozer washing station in the 
Mining Transport department will prevent fuel and 
lubricants from escaping and polluting groundwater. 
The TSF was inspected In October 2010 by experts 
from the Ministry of Emergencies, who found that the 
tailing ponds and the refuse pumping system were in a 
safe condition. 
Reduction of air pollution (stabilising banks of dry waste 
material by sowing grass on them, and intensively 
watering the work face in the pit after blasting and in dry 
weather) – spending of US$1.3 million in 2010.
Waste management (including management of the 
depositing sites and tailings dam to allow for use of 
slurry (tailings) and stripping material in production, as 
well as securing continuous operation of water recycling 
system of water supply to the company departments) – 
spending of US$4.2 million in 2010.

 >

 >

Waste rock management
The currently operating Gorischne-Plavninskoye 
Lavrikovskoye (‘GPL’) open pit has generated some 
517 million cubic metres of waste rock that is deposited in 
two dumps. Annual monitoring of the western and eastern 
dumps indicates that run-off from the waste rock dumps 
has no negative effect on air quality or water basins, and 
vegetation has been successfully cultivated on the 
inaccessible and abandoned areas of the rock dumps. 
Waste rock from future operations, including the 
Yeristovskoye pit now being excavated, is being deposited 
on these two dumps or used to back-fill part of the GPL 
pit. The annual tree and bush planting project assists in the 
absorption of gases that would otherwise pollute the air, 
whilst also reducing noise. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

41

Local communities

FPM believes that supporting local communities is 
one of its key social obligations. In 2010 it allocated 
UAH35.0 million (2009: UAH30.3 million) to the town 
of Komsomolsk, surrounding communities and 
various local organisations. 

The main areas of spending were the local Centre of Culture and 
the Arts (UAH4.3 million) and a number of funds for municipal 
development and social activity for young people. The Company 
also subsidised medical treatment for some local residents and 
provided financial assistance to the medical establishments in 
the town (UAH2.1 million). Considerable assistance was also 
given to the local authority in improving the living environment in 
and around Komsomolsk (UAH2.6 million). 

42

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Social Responsibility Review continued

Mine closure and rehabilitation
FPM recognises that its activities have an impact on the 
environment and communities in which it operates. We are 
aware that a commitment to sustainability requires FPM to 
prepare now for the cessation of mining operations even 
though that eventuality remains many years in the future. In 
2005, we developed a closure and rehabilitation plan for 
the existing GPL pit and associated waste rock dumps. 
The site will be restored primarily to forestry, with an area of 
open water remaining in part of the open pit. 

The Company will provide fully for the costs of mine 
closure and rehabilitation as they develop, and it is 
committed to complying fully with the terms of its operating 
licences and the requirements of Ukrainian law. 

Communities
Ferrexpo’s Community policy
Our presence should benefit those communities around 
our operations; our operations will benefit if local 
communities are thriving.

We strive to be recognised as an attractive local employer 
and a concerned corporate citizen.
 >

We will assist in the development of the micro-
economic environment within the communities in which 
we operate to ensure that their dependence on us for 
their livelihood is reduced.
We aim to have a positive relationship with and enhance 
the communities around us. We wish to have an open 
dialogue with these communities and to ensure that our 
involvement with them is cost effective and relevant to 
their needs.

 >

Community context
The Poltava region is located in an area of predominantly 
flat agricultural land close to the Dnieper River, one of the 
largest European river systems and an important transport 
artery for Ukraine, Belarus and Russia. Iron ore mining in 
the area dates from the 19th century, although the major 
expansion of mining activity occurred in the early 20th 
century. The town of Komsomolsk was established 
adjacent to the mine to support the mining operation and 
ancillary industries (transport, power etc.). FPM is still by far 
the largest employer in the town, which has a population of 
around 55,000 people, with approximately 24.3% of the 
working population of Komsomolsk being employed by the 
mine in one capacity or another. 

Community initiatives
FPM
FPM has been a significant investor in local community 
initiatives from the outset, investing substantial funds  
in the social infrastructure of Komsomolsk and the 
surrounding area. 

Links with the local community are strengthened by 
meetings of senior management with heads of schools  
and colleges, supporting local celebration days, giving 
vocational guidance and vacation work to the students  
of local schools (including providing financial sponsorship 
to Individual students whom FPM may subsequently 
employ) and organising student excursions to FPM  
and its museum.

Historically, FPM has employed a significant number of 
people in providing support services to the Group’s mining 
activities. In many cases, these services could be made 
available on a commercial basis to other enterprises within 
the local community which in turn improves the viability 
and sustainability of the local economy. To encourage this 
process, FPM has offered finance and other support to 
employees who provide these in-house services so as to 
encourage them to transform internal departments into 
stand-alone businesses. In 2010 the objects of such 
support included railcar repair operations, lift repair and 
some cleaning services. 

See also case studies on pages 41 and 43.

FYM
FYM strives to contribute to all spheres of the life of the 
local community, believing that a healthy and flourishing 
community is of crucial importance for sustainable growth 
in our operations. As a young and expanding company, 
FYM has been able to provide significant employment 
opportunities for local people. FYM aims to have good 
relationships with the communities adjacent to its 
operations, and 2010 saw the start of its involvement  
in a programme to upgrade the medical equipment  
at the local hospital.

 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

43

Supporting educational establishments

Ferrexpo recognises the importance of earning the 
support of the local communities and encouraging 
the growth of the skilled workforce of the district. 
It therefore pays close attention to the local 
schools and colleges. 

In 2010 FPM allocated more than UAH1.1 million for the needs of 
local secondary and technical schools, as well as providing 
financial help to pre-school institutions in the town and region. 
Managers from both FPM and FYM took part in the key school 
events throughout the year. Managers and employees also 
participated in meetings with the students and contributed to 
the training process at the technical schools.

Ferrexpo devotes much effort to providing information about its 
activities to the students and making them aware of the career 
possibilities that it offers. 

44

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Board of Directors and Executive Committee

1.

6.

The Board

2.

7.

3.

8.

1. Michael Abrahams, CBE DL (73)
Non-executive Chairman
Michael Abrahams joined the Board on 14 June 2007. He 
is chairman of the London Clinic, the Prudential Staff 
Pension Scheme and imJack plc. He was deputy chairman 
of Prudential plc until May 2000, and has served as 
chairman and as a director of a number of quoted and 
unquoted companies.

2. Kostyantin Zhevago (37)
Chief Executive Officer
Kostyantin Zhevago joined the Board as a Non-executive 
Director on 14 June 2007 and was appointed Chief 
Executive on 1 November 2008. He is ultimately the 
controlling shareholder of Ferrexpo. He has been a 
member of the Ukrainian Parliament since 1998. He is 
currently a member of the Parliamentary Committee on 
Law Policy and Chairman of the Parliamentary Group for 
Inter-Parliamentary Relations with Japan. Since 2002, he 
has been a member of the permanent delegation of the 
Ukrainian Parliament in the Parliamentary Assembly of the 
European Council and a member of the Ukrainian faction 
of the Committee for Parliamentary Cooperation between 
Ukraine and the European Union. He has previously served 
as chairman of the management board and deputy 
chairman of the supervisory board of CJSC Commercial 
Bank Finance and Credit (‘Bank F&C’) and as a member of 
the supervisory board of JSC Ukrnafta. Between 1993 and 
1996, he was financial director of Bank F&C. He is a 
non-executive director of New World Resources NV, a 
subsidiary of BXR Group Limited. Kostyantin Zhevago 
graduated from the Kyiv State Economic University in 
1996, specialising in international economics.

4.

5.

3. Christopher Mawe, FCA (49)
Chief Financial Officer
Chris Mawe joined the Board on 7 January 2008. He 
qualified as a Chartered Accountant with Coopers and 
Lybrand in 1991, having gained a First Class Honours 
degree in Engineering. He has held senior financial 
positions for the past 16 years, first with IMI plc in both  
the UK and Europe, and then with Carclo plc as finance 
director. Most recently he was finance director of UK  
Coal plc.

4. Oliver Baring (66)
Senior Independent Non-executive Director
Oliver Baring joined the Board on 1 December 2007. He 
has been chairman of Mwana Africa plc since its reverse 
takeover of African Gold plc in September 2005. He retired 
from UBS Warburg in 2001, having led the International 
Mining Group with responsibility for Africa and Europe. 
Previously he had been head of the UBS Warburg mining 
equity sales team and was responsible for its respected 
coverage and sales capability. He was a partner in Rowe 
and Pitman before its merger with SG Warburg. He is 
non-executive chairman of First Africa Holdings Limited, 
and is a non-executive director of BlackRock World Mining 
Trust plc, and a member of the Advisory Council of 
Sentient Resources Fund.

5. Raffaele (Lucio) Genovese (49)
Independent Non-executive Director
Lucio Genovese joined the Board on 14 June 2007. He is 
the chief executive officer of Nage Capital Management, a 
Swiss-based advisory and proprietary company 
specialising in the metals and mining sector, and serves on 
a number of boards of directors. He has previously served 
as investment officer and a member of the board of Taj 
Investment Limited with responsibility for its Indian public 
and private investment portfolio. Prior to that, he held a 
number of positions with Glencore International, including 
senior member of the Copper Division, CEO of CIS 
Operations, manager of the Moscow office and trader in 
the Ferrous Division. He was an assistant manager in the 
Audit Division of PriceWaterhouseCoopers in South Africa. 
He is a Chartered Accountant (South Africa).

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

45

6. Wolfram Kuoni (44)
Independent Non-executive Director
Wolfram Kuoni joined the Board on 14 June 2007. He is the 
founder and senior partner of Kuoni Attorneys-at-Law, 
Zurich, Switzerland, and serves on a number of boards of 
directors. He has over 12 years of experience in investment 
banking. Prior to 2005, he held a number of positions 
within UBS Investment Banking (Zurich and New York), 
including head of the European Export and Project Finance 
Team. He also originated and structured cross-border 
acquisitions and equity capital markets transactions. He 
graduated with a law degree from the University of Berne, 
and holds a doctorate in law from the University of Zurich 
and an MBA from INSEAD in France. He is a member of 
the Zurich Bar.

7. Ihor Mitiukov (58)
Independent Non-executive Director
Ihor Mitiukov joined the Board on 14 June 2007. He is the 
managing director and head of country for Ukraine, 
Morgan Stanley. He was the general director of the 
Financial Policy Institute until March 2008. From 2002 to 
2005 he served as Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary 
Ambassador of Ukraine in the United Kingdom. He also 
represented Ukraine in the International Maritime 
Organisation. From 1997 to 2001 he served as Minister of 
Finance of Ukraine and, from 1995 to 1997, as Ukraine’s 
Special Representative (with Vice-Prime Ministerial status) 
to the European Union in Brussels. In 1994, he was deputy 
governor of the National Bank of Ukraine and then 
Vice-Prime Minister of Ukraine for Banking and Finance. 
Prior to that, he held various positions at Agrarian-Industrial 
Bank Ukraine, and was appointed as its deputy governor 
in 1992. Ihor Mitiukov graduated from the Cybernetics 
Department, Kyiv State University and has a PhD in 
Economics (1985) from the Institute of Economy, Academy 
of Sciences (Ukraine).

8. Miklos Salamon (56) 
Non-executive Director
Mike Salamon joined the Board on 27 March 2009. He is 
executive chairman of New World Resources NV, a 
subsidiary of BXR Group Limited. He is also a non-
executive member of the board of directors of OKD, 
Co-President of AMCI Capital and a non-executive director 
of Central Rand Gold and of Gem Diamonds. With a career 
spanning more than 30 years, recently with BHP Billiton, he 
has extensive knowledge of the international mining and 
extractive industries. Between 2003 and 2006, he served 
as an executive director of BHP Billiton with responsibilities 
for the aluminium, copper and nickel businesses. From 
2001 to 2006, he also chaired BHP Billiton’s Operating 
Committee, which was accountable for inter alia the BHP 
Billiton group’s health, safety and environment, projects, 
purchasing and operating excellence. In 2001 Mr. Salamon 
oversaw the merger integration of Billiton plc and BHP 
Limited. He was a co-founding director of Billiton plc in 
1997, and oversaw the company’s listing on the London 
Stock Exchange in 1997. Before 1997 he held a number of 
positions, first at Anglo American and later in the coal 
divisions of Shell and Gencor Ltd. He graduated in 1975 
from The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 
with a degree in Mining Engineering (Cum Laude) and 
obtained an MBA from the London Business School, 
University of London in 1981. 

The Executive Committee

Kostyantin Zhevago
Chief Executive Officer
(See profile under The Board)

Christopher Mawe, FCA
Chief Financial Officer
(See profile under The Board)

Yaroslavna Blonska (37)
Acting Chief Marketing Officer
Yaroslavna Blonska has worked in the Ferrexpo Poltava 
Marketing Group since 2002, and in 2007 she was 
appointed the Marketing Manager of the Ferrexpo Group, 
where she was responsible for CIS and Eastern European 
sales. She has also been a Member of the TIS-Ruda 
Supervisory Board since 2007. On 1 January 2011 she 
was appointed Acting Chief Marketing Officer of Ferrexpo 
plc. Yaroslavna Blonska graduated from Kyiv State 
Economic University in 1996, with a degree of MSc in 
International management, and completed post graduate 
studies in Law at Kyiv State University. 

Nikolay Goroshko (51)
Chief Financial Officer, Yeristovo Project
Nikolay Goroshko has worked for Ferrexpo Poltava Mining 
since 1984. He was Acting Group Chief Financial Officer in 
April 2007 and Chief Commercial Officer in charge of the 
Group’s Growth Projects in December 2007 prior to his 
current role. He is a graduate of the Kyiv Institute of 
National Economics, specialising in Industrial Planning.

Nikolay Kladiev (38)
Chief Financial Officer, Ferrexpo Poltava Mining
Nikolay Kladiev joined FPM in June 2005. Over the course 
of his career Nikolay Kladiev spent several years as an 
audit manager with Ernst & Young and CFO of a large 
Russian factory. He holds a Masters in International 
Economic Relations from the Kyiv National University  
of Economics.

Viktor Lotous (46)
Chief Operating Officer, Ferrexpo Poltava Mining
Viktor Lotous joined Ferrexpo Poltava Mining in 1986. He 
became chief engineer in 1997, and General Director and 
Chief Operating Officer in April 2007. He is a graduate of 
Kryvy Rih Mining and Ore Institute, and of the Kyiv State 
Economic University, specialising in Finance. 

Brian Maynard (51)
Group Chief Operating Officer
Brian Maynard joined the Group in January 2011. He spent 
30 years with Vale Inco & Vale Australia in their nickel and 
coal operations respectively, working in technical, 
operations management, and executive roles. In 2007 he 
was appointed Vice President, Mining in the Vale Inco 
Ontario, Canada operations. He moved to the President’s 
role in the Manitoba, Canada operations in 2008 and was 
accountable for the fully integrated mining, milling, smelting 
and refining complex. Most recently he was the Global 
Coal Director – Technical & Administrative Support 
(including Finance, Sustainability, Logistics, Technical 
Services) in the Brisbane head office of the Vale Australia 
operations. He graduated in 1981 from the University of 
Manitoba, Canada with a BSc in Geological Engineering.

 
46

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Governance Report

Introduction
The past year has seen the continued review by the regulatory 
authorities of governance standards and practices set in train by the 
financial crises of 2008; a number of key themes have come out of 
these reviews including the continued focus on risk and executive 
remuneration. The Ferrexpo Board remains committed to good 
corporate governance practices, in its management of the affairs of 
the Group and in its accountability to shareholders, and keeps under 
review the Group’s own policies and procedures in these areas. As 
detailed in this report, the Directors’ Report and the reports of the 
Audit, Nominations and Remuneration Committees, the Group has 
implemented an effective corporate governance framework and has 
established Board committees, internal procedures and Group 
policies which are considered vital for the proper management of the 
Group and good governance of Ferrexpo as an international 
business. As an English incorporated company with a primary listing 
on the London Stock Exchange the Company, in respect of the 2010 
financial year, is subject to the Combined Code on Corporate 
Governance issued in June 2008 (the ‘Combined Code’). The 
Combined Code is available from the Financial Reporting Council’s 
website, www.frc.org.uk. The Board and management of the Group 
have a policy of conducting all business affairs in a fair and 
transparent manner and in maintaining high ethical standards in 
dealings with all relevant parties. 

The Company has also reviewed the requirements of the 2010 UK 
Corporate Governance Code (the ‘2010 Code’), which applies to the 
Company with effect from the 2011 financial year, and will report on 
compliance in the annual report for 2011. The Board has decided that 
all of the Directors should stand for re-election at the AGM in 2011 
and in future years, as recommended by the 2010 Code.

Information pursuant to the EU Takeover Directive
The company has provided the additional information required by the 
Disclosure and Transparency Rule 7.2.7 of the UK Listing Authority 
(Directors’ interests in shares; appointment and replacement of 
Directors; powers of the Directors; restrictions on voting rights and 
rights regarding control of the company) in the Directors’ Report and 
the Remuneration Report.

Statement of compliance
During the year to 31 December 2010 the Company complied with 
the provisions of section 1 of the Combined Code. 

The Combined Code establishes principles of good governance in 
four areas: Directors, Remuneration, Accountability and Audit, and 
Relations with Shareholders. The following three sections explain 
how these principles were applied, with the exception of those 
relating to Directors’ remuneration which are included in the 
Remuneration Report on pages 52 to 58.

The Group’s auditor has reviewed those parts of this statement which 
it is required to review under the Listing Rules of the Financial 
Services Authority. 

Directors
The Board
The Board is composed of a Non-executive Chairman: Michael 
Abrahams; two Executive Directors: Kostyantin Zhevago, Chief 
Executive Officer, and Christopher Mawe, Chief Financial Officer; and 
five Non-executive Directors. Oliver Baring is the Senior Independent 

Director. The other Non-executive Directors are Lucio Genovese, 
Wolfram Kuoni, Ihor Mitiukov and Mike Salamon. Marek Jelinek 
retired from the Board on 27 May 2010. 

Biographical details of the Directors at the date of this report are set 
out on pages 44 and 45 together with details of their membership of 
Board committees. A summary of the roles of the Chairman, the 
Chief Executive Officer and the Senior Independent Director is  
set out below.

The structure and business of the Board are designed to ensure that 
the Board focuses its attention on strategy, management, 
governance and control issues. The Board has a formal schedule of 
matters which sets out those matters requiring Board approval and 
specifically reserved to it for decision. The Board is responsible for 
setting the Group’s objectives and policies, providing effective 
leadership and control required for a public company and for 
approving the Group strategy, budgets, business plans and major 
capital expenditure. It also monitors financial performance and critical 
business issues. Major project approvals, contract awards and key 
policies and procedures also require the approval of the Board. 

Certain aspects of the Board’s responsibilities have been delegated 
to appropriate committees to ensure compliance with the Companies 
Act 2006, FSA Listing Rules and the Combined Code. It is the 
responsibility of the Chief Executive Officer and the Executive 
Committee to manage the day-to-day running of the Group. The 
Board is supported by the Executive Committee which meets 
approximately monthly. All of the information that is submitted to  
the Board by management is reviewed and approved by the 
Executive Committee.

All Directors have access to the advice and services of the Company 
Secretary, who is responsible for ensuring that Board procedures are 
followed and that applicable rules and regulations are complied with. 
The Company Secretary is also responsible for advising the Board on 
governance issues. 

Directors have the right to request that any concerns they have are 
recorded in the appropriate committee or Board minutes. 

The Board met five times during the reporting period. Attendance by 
Directors at Board meetings and Board committee meetings is 
shown on page 48. All Board meetings are held in Switzerland. 

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer (‘CEO’) and Senior 
Independent Director
The roles of the Chairman and CEO are held by different individuals. 
The division of responsibilities between the Chairman and CEO has 
been clearly established in writing and agreed by the Board. 

The Chairman is responsible for leadership of the Board, ensuring  
its effectiveness, setting its agenda and ensuring effective 
communication with shareholders. The Chairman also ensures that 
there is a constructive relationship between the Executive and 
Non-executive Directors. From time to time the Chairman holds 
meetings with the Non-executive Directors without the Executive 
Directors present. 

The Chairman’s other current responsibilities are set out in the 
biographical notes on pages 44 and 45. There has been no increase 
in those commitments during the reporting period.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

47

The role of the CEO is to provide leadership of the executive team,  
to develop proposals for the Board to consider, and to oversee  
and implement Board-approved actions. Details of Mr Zhevago’s 
other appointments are set out in the biographical notes on  
pages 44 and 45. 

The Senior Independent Director, Oliver Baring, in conjunction with 
the other independent Non-executive Directors, assists in 
communications with shareholders concerning corporate 
governance matters if that is required. He also chairs the Nominations 
Committee and the Committee of Independent Directors. At least 
once a year, the Senior Independent Director meets the Non-
executive Directors, without the Chairman present, to evaluate the 
Chairman’s performance. 

Board balance and independence 
The Board considers that its membership of two Executive Directors, 
a Non-executive Chairman and five Non-executive Directors, four of 
whom are deemed by the Board to be independent, is of an 
appropriate size and structure to manage the Group in an effective 
and successful manner. It also considers that no single Director can 
influence or dominate decision making. The Relationship Agreement 
with Kostyantin Zhevago specifically deals with decision making. 
More details are given below.

The Board has carefully considered the guidance criteria on 
independence of Non-executive Directors under the Combined 
Code. In the opinion of the Board, all the continuing Non-executive 
Directors bring independence of judgement and character to the 
Board and to the Board committees on which they sit. The Board 
considers that, with the exception of Mr Salamon who represents a 
significant shareholder, all of the Non-executive Directors as at the 
date of this report are independent of the Group within the terms of 
provision A.3.1 of the Combined Code. 

In 2009, as part of the annual process of performance evaluation (see 
below), the Board reviewed the amount of time needed by the 
Non-executive Directors to perform their duties, and recognised that 
Lucio Genovese and Wolfram Kuoni were required to devote more 
time to their duties as Non-executive Directors of Ferrexpo AG than 
had been expected at the time of their appointment. The Board 
therefore increased their remuneration with effect from 1 January 
2009 (as set out in the Remuneration Report on pages 52 to 58). In 
reaching this decision the Board also concluded, in the light of the 
supervisory and non-executive nature of their duties as directors of 
Ferrexpo AG, that both Mr Genovese and Mr Kuoni remained 
independent in character and judgement, as defined by provision 
A.3.1 of the Combined Code. 

Mr Zhevago is a beneficiary of The Minco Trust which owns 100%  
of Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., the major shareholder in the Group. 
Consequently he and Fevamotinico S.a.r.l. have entered into a 
Relationship Agreement with the Company to ensure that the Group 
is capable of carrying on its business independently, that transactions 
and relationships between the Group, Fevamotinico S.a.r.l. and 
Mr Zhevago are at arm’s length and on normal commercial terms, 
and that there shall be at all times a majority of Directors independent  
of Fevamotinico S.a.r.l. and Mr Zhevago on the Board (the 
‘Relationship Agreement’). 

Conflicts of interest
A procedure is in place to deal with Directors’ conflicts of interest and 
the recording, reporting and, where appropriate, approval of related 
party transactions and review of relevant disclosures. This procedure 
is in line with published guidance, the Company’s Articles of 
Association and the provisions in section 175 of the Companies Act 
2006 on conflicts of interest. Schedules of a Director’s actual or 
potential conflicts and related party transactions have been compiled 
based on disclosures made by the Director. These are updated and 
reviewed on a regular basis by the Executive Committee, the 
Executive Related Party Matters Committee (ERPMC) and the 
Committee of Independent Directors (CID). Any changes to the 
schedules are noted at the beginning of the next Board meeting. The 
Committee of Independent Directors has delegated authority to 
carefully consider and (if deemed appropriate in the circumstances) 
approve conflicts of interest on behalf of the Board. This procedure 
operates effectively, and the Group undertakes to follow emerging 
best practice in this area. 

The Board has established a Committee of Independent Directors to 
consider and, if appropriate, approve related party transactions and 
conflicts of interests to the extent foreseen within Chapter 11 of the 
Listing Rules (whether in relation to Mr Zhevago or any other Director), 
and to consider any matters referred to it concerning the operation of 
the Relationship Agreement and ensure that decisions are taken 
objectively in the Company’s interest.

Appointments to the Board and re-election
Under its terms of reference the Nominations Committee is 
responsible for leading the process for appointments to the Board. 
The process for election and re-election of Directors under the 
Company’s Articles of Association is set out in the Directors’ Report 
on pages 59 to 62.

Information and professional development
Directors receive briefing notes and reports for their consideration in 
advance of each Board meeting, including reports on the Group’s 
operations to ensure that they are up to date on the latest 
developments and are able to make fully informed decisions. These 
notes and reports take into account the factors set out in section 172 
of the Companies Act 2006 (Directors’ duty to promote the success 
of the Company), which are considered by the Executive Committee 
when making any proposals and recommendations to the Board. 
Decisions made by the Board are set within the framework of the 
Directors’ statutory duty to promote the success of the Company for 
the benefit of its members as a whole.

Professional development and training are provided in a number of 
ways including updates given to the Board on changes and 
proposed changes in laws and regulations affecting the Group. Site 
visits to ensure Directors are familiar with the Group’s operations are 
held at least annually, and Directors may visit the operations of the 
Group independently to the extent that they feel this is necessary. 
During the year, as in previous years, the Board spent two days 
visiting the site in Ukraine. 

48

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Governance Report continued

All Directors may take independent professional advice at the 
expense of the Group in the furtherance of their duties. On 
appointment, all Directors are advised of their duties, responsibilities 
and liabilities as a Director of a public listed company. In addition an 
appropriate induction programme is provided to a Director on 
appointment taking into consideration the individual qualifications and 
experience of the Director. 

Performance evaluation
A process of evaluation of the Board and its Audit and Remuneration 
Committees has been conducted by the chairmen of these bodies. 
This is done by the chairman of the relevant body interviewing his 
colleagues and then discussing his findings with the body as a whole. 
The conclusion of the evaluation process was that the Board as a 
whole and its committees had functioned effectively during the year. 
The mix of skills and experience on the Board was felt to be 
appropriate. The Senior Independent Director and the other Non-
executive Directors have evaluated, and will continue to monitor, the 
performance of the Chairman. 

Board committees
The Board has a number of committees consisting of certain 
Directors, and in the case of the Executive Committee and Corporate 
Safety and Social Responsibility (‘CSR’) Committee, certain senior 
managers, to which specific responsibilities have been delegated and 
for which written terms of reference have been agreed. The terms of 
reference of the Audit, Remuneration, Nomination and CSR 
Committees are available for inspection on the Group’s website at 
www.ferrexpo.com. Membership of the various committees, 
including the Chairman of each committee, is shown below.

The Board periodically reviews the membership of its committees to 
ensure that committee membership is refreshed. The Group provides 
the committees with sufficient resources to undertake their duties, 
including access to the Company Secretary.

The table of attendance of members of the Board and its principal 
committees at meetings during the financial period together with a 
summary of the terms of reference are set out below.

Board
Five Board meetings were held during the year.

Board members 

Attendance
record

Michael Abrahams  Non-executive Chairman 
Kostyantin Zhevago  Chief Executive Officer 
Chief Financial Officer 
Chris Mawe 
Senior Independent Non-executive Director 
Oliver Baring 
Independent Non-executive Director 
Lucio Genovese 
Independent Non-executive Director 
Wolfram Kuoni 
Independent Non-executive Director 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Marek Jelinek1 
Non-executive Director 
Non-executive Director 
Mike Salamon 

5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
3/3
5/5

1  Left the Board on 27 May 2010.

Audit Committee
Four Audit Committee meetings were held during the year.

Committee members 

Wolfram Kuoni  
Lucio Genovese 
Ihor Mitiukov 

Chairman 

Attendance 
record

 4/4
4/4
4/4

Under its terms of reference the Audit Committee is required to meet 
at least three times a year at the most appropriate times in the 
reporting and audit process. The Committee monitors the integrity of 
the financial statements of the Group, including its annual and interim 
reports, interim management statements, preliminary results 
announcements and any other formal announcement relating to its 
financial performance, reviewing significant financial reporting issues 
and judgements which they contain. The Audit Committee is also 
responsible for reviewing internal controls and risk management 
systems, whistleblowing procedures and internal audit processes, 
and oversees the relationship with the external auditors.

Remuneration Committee
Five Remuneration Committee meetings were held during the year.

Committee members 

Lucio Genovese 
Michael Abrahams 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Oliver Baring 

Chairman 

Attendance 
record

5/5
5/5
5/5
5/5

The Remuneration Committee meets as required and is responsible 
for reviewing and approving all aspects of remuneration for the 
Executive Directors and members of the Executive Committee. 
Further details concerning the Remuneration Committee are set out 
in the Remuneration Report on pages 52 to 58.

Nominations Committee
One Nominations Committee meeting was held during the year.

Chairman 

Committee members 

Oliver Baring 
Michael Abrahams 
Wolfram Kuoni 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Kostyantin Zhevago 

Attendance 
record

 1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/1

Nominations Committee Report
The Nominations Committee meets as required. The role of the 
Nominations Committee is to identify and nominate, for the approval 
of the Board, candidates to fill Board vacancies, having due regard to 
the need for appropriate balance and diversity on the Board. The 
Committee consults regularly with the Board while filling vacancies. 
The Executive Directors and Chairman also assist in identifying the 
scope and required skills for the vacant role. The Committee also 
gives consideration to succession planning at the Board and senior 
executive levels, including the Chief Executive and the Chief Financial 
Officer. Following a review of succession planning in 2010, a Group 
Chief Operating Officer was appointed in January 2011. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

49

Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility Committee
One Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility (‘CSR’) Committee 
meeting was held during the year.

Committee members 

Viktor Lotous 
Michael Abrahams 
Kostyantin Zhevago 

Chairman 

Attendance 
record

1/1
1/1
1/1

Audit Committee Report
The Combined Code recommends that all members of the Audit 
Committee are independent Non-executive Directors, and that at 
least one member should have recent and relevant financial 
experience. All members of the Audit Committee are considered to 
possess appropriate knowledge and skills. Wolfram Kuoni, an 
independent Non-executive Director, is Chairman of the Audit 
Committee. The terms of reference of the Audit Committee and 
attendance by members at its meetings are outlined on page 48.

The CSR Committee’s role is to formulate and recommend to the 
Board the Group’s policy on corporate safety and social responsibility 
issues as they affect the Group’s operations. In particular it focuses 
on ensuring that effective systems and standards, procedures and 
practices are in place in the Group. The CSR Committee is 
responsible in conjunction with the Executive Committee for 
reviewing management’s investigation of incidents or accidents that 
occur in order to assess whether policy improvements are required. 
Further details concerning the activities of the CSR Committee  
are set out in the Corporate Social Responsibility Review on  
pages 34 to 43.

Committee of Independent Directors
The Committee of Independent Directors (‘CID’) is composed of the 
Senior Independent Director (Oliver Baring), the Chairman of the 
Board, and the three other Independent Directors. The Committee 
considers and, if appropriate, authorises on behalf of the Board 
related party transactions within the terms of Chapter 11 of the Listing 
Rules of the Financial Services Authority and otherwise ensures 
compliance with Chapter 11 and with the Relationship Agreement 
entered into between Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., Mr Zhevago, The Minco 
Trust and the Company. The CID holds delegated authority to 
consider and, if appropriate, authorise conflicts of interest of any 
member of the Board under the relevant section of the Companies 
Act 2006. The CID met five times during the year.

The Executive Committee
The Executive Committee is the main decision making body of the 
Group. Its members are detailed on page 45. It is responsible for 
managing and taking all material decisions relating to the Group apart 
from those that are reserved for the entire Board, such as approving 
the Group’s strategy, annual and long term capital expenditure plans 
and budget. It meets regularly during the year. No meetings are held 
in the United Kingdom. It is the responsibility of the Executive 
Committee to ensure its duties are at all times set in the context of 
the requirements of the Schedule of Matters Reserved for the Board. 
The Board has delegated to the Executive Committee the 
responsibility for the execution of Board approved strategies for the 
Group, ensuring appropriate levels of authority are delegated to 
senior management, the review of organisational structures and the 
development and implementation of Group policies. 

Accountability and audit
Financial Reporting
The Board is aware of its responsibility to present a balanced and 
clear assessment of the Group’s financial position and prospects. 
This assessment is primarily provided in the Chairman’s and Chief 
Executive’s Statement and the Financial Review contained in this 
Annual Report. Statements of the respective responsibilities of the 
Directors and auditors are set out on page 63.

During the reporting period the Audit Committee met four times and 
carried out the following activities: 
 >

Reviewed with Ernst & Young LLP, the external auditors, the 
annual and interim financial statements and associated 
documents and the preliminary results statement, ensuring that all 
material information was properly and clearly disclosed.
Reviewed with Ernst & Young LLP the scope of the audit work 
proposed for 2010 and audit fees.
Reviewed the risk matrix at each meeting, and discussed with the 
Head of Internal Audit the internal audit plan for 2010–12 and the 
findings of the internal audit reviews conducted during the year.
Reviewed the effectiveness of the external auditors, their 
independence and the non-audit services they provided.

 >

 >

 >

A statement on the Board’s position regarding the Group as a going 
concern is contained in the Directors’ Report on page 62. 

Internal control
The Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s system of internal 
control, which includes risk management and reviewing its 
effectiveness. The system of internal control is designed to identify, 
evaluate and manage significant risks associated with the 
achievement of the Group’s objectives. Because of the limitations 
inherent in any system of internal control, this system is designed to 
meet the Group’s particular needs and the risks to which it is 
exposed, rather than eliminate risk altogether. Consequently it can 
only provide reasonable and not absolute assurance against material 
misstatement or loss.

The Board has delegated its responsibility for reviewing the 
effectiveness of these controls to the Audit Committee. The Audit 
Committee reviews these systems on an annual basis. The day-to-
day responsibility for managing risk and the maintenance of the 
Group’s system of internal control is collectively assumed by the 
Executive Committee. Key risk and control issues are reviewed 
regularly by the Executive Committee.

On behalf of the Board, the Executive Committee has established a 
process for identifying, evaluating and managing the significant risks 
faced by the Group in accordance with the Turnbull Guidance. This 
process was followed throughout 2010 and up to the date of 
approval of this Annual Report. The Group has also adopted a 
risk-based approach in establishing the Group’s system of internal 
control and in reviewing its effectiveness. To assist in managing key 
internal risks, it has established a number of Group-wide procedures, 
policies and standards and has set up a framework for reporting 
matters of significance. The Audit Committee is responsible for 
reviewing the effectiveness of the Group’s risk management, internal 
control systems and the interim and annual financial statements 
before their submission to the Board. 

 
 
 
50

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Corporate Governance Report continued

Full details of the Group’s policy on risk and uncertainties are set out 
in note 38 of the ‘Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information’ on 
pages 107 to 115. See also the Risks section of the Financial Review 
on pages 30 to 33.

 >

 >

The Board has, through the Executive Committee and the Audit 
Committee, reviewed the effectiveness of the Group’s system of 
internal controls. 

As a result of the continual review of internal control procedures 
several key elements have been established within the Group to 
ensure a sound system of internal control which is described in  
detail below. 

These include:
 >

Regular review of risk and identification of key risks at the 
Executive Committee which are reviewed by the Audit Committee.
Clearly defined organisational and reporting structure and limits of 
authority applied to subsidiary companies including FPM and 
FYM, the key Ukrainian subsidiaries, and Helogistics Holdings 
GmbH, the Austrian subsidiary acquired at the end of 2010.
Clearly defined information and financial reporting  
systems, including regular forecasts and a rigorous annual 
budgeting process with reporting against key financial  
and operational milestones.
Rigorous investment appraisal underpinned by the budgetary 
process where capital expenditure limits are applied to delegated 
authority limits.
Clearly defined treasury policy monitored and applied in 
accordance with pre-set limits for investment and management  
of the Group’s liquid resources including a separate  
treasury function.
Internal audit by an in-house internal auditor based in Ukraine  
(see below) who monitors, tests and improves internal controls 
operating within the Group at all levels and reports directly to  
the CFO and the Audit Committee.
Fraud management through an independent department 
operating in the Group’s key operating subsidiary FPM.
A whistleblowing policy is in place under which staff may in 
confidence raise concerns about financial or other impropriety. 

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

There are a number of components to the system of internal controls 
within the Group which facilitate the control procedures and these are 
detailed as follows:
 >

A risk matrix has been developed and is monitored and reviewed 
by the Executive Committee and the Audit Committee.
A framework of transaction and entity level controls to prevent and 
detect material error and loss.
A budgetary and periodic reporting review process performed by 
the Executive Committee.
A documented structure of delegated authorities and approvals 
for transaction and investment decisions, including any with 
related parties.
An Investment Committee (a sub-committee of the Executive 
Committee) meets which twice a month to approve capital 
expenditures within limits delegated by the Executive Committee 
and the Board.
A programme of internal audit reviews has been performed by the 
internal auditor.

 >

 >

 >

 >

 >

The Financial Risk Management Committee (‘FRMC’) reviews 
monthly financial information and management accounts, and 
meets monthly.
A standard accounting manual is used by the finance teams 
throughout the Group, which ensures that information is gathered 
and presented in a consistent way that facilitates the production of 
the consolidated financial statements.

Treasury
Details of the Group Treasury policy are referred to in the Financial 
Highlights section on pages 30 to 33 and in the financial statements 
on pages 107 to 115.

Investment proposals
A budgetary process and authorisation levels regulate capital 
expenditure. For expenditure beyond specified levels, detailed written 
proposals are submitted to the Executive Committee and then to the 
Board for approval. 

Internal audit
A Group-wide internal audit function has been established using an 
experienced internal auditor who is based in Ukraine and is 
independent of operational management, reporting directly to the 
CFO and the Audit Committee.

An internal audit programme for 2010–12 has been approved by the 
Audit Committee and focuses on the areas of risk identified by the 
risk reviews carried out on an ongoing basis by the Executive 
Committee and the Board.

Auditor independence
The Audit Committee and Board place great emphasis on the 
independence and objectivity of the Group’s external auditors, Ernst 
& Young LLP, when performing their role in the Group’s reporting to 
shareholders.

The overall performance, independence and objectivity of the 
auditors is reviewed annually by the Audit Committee, taking into 
account the views of management, and the outcome of this review is 
relayed to the relevant partners of Ernst & Young. The Audit 
Committee has regular discussions with the external auditors, 
without management being present.

The Audit Committee has approved separate policies in respect of 
the provision of non-audit services and employment of former 
employees of the auditors. These policies ensure that the external 
auditors are restricted to providing only those services which do not 
compromise their independence. The policy on the provision of 
non-audit services prohibits the use of the auditors for the provision 
of transaction or payroll accounting, outsourcing of internal audit and 
valuation of material financial statement amounts. Any assignment 
that is proposed to be given to the auditors above a value of 
US$500,000 must first be approved by the Audit Committee or its 
Chairman. The auditors are also expected to provide to the Audit 
Committee information about policies and processes for maintaining 
independence and monitoring compliance with relevant current 
requirements, including those regarding the rotation of audit partners 
and staff, the level of fees that the Group pays in proportion to the 
overall fee income of the firm, and other regulatory requirements. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

51

Fees for audit-related and non-audit-related services performed by 
the external auditors are shown in note 9 to the Financial Statements 
on page 84. 

Relations with shareholders
The Board attaches great importance to effective communication 
with shareholders. Executive Directors and senior executives have 
frequent discussions with institutional shareholders on a range of 
issues affecting the Group’s performance, which include meetings 
following the announcement of the annual and interim results. The 
Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Head of Investor 
Relations meet with major shareholders to discuss performance, 
strategy and governance, and the Non-executive Directors are 
available for discussions with shareholders if required.

JPMorgan Cazenove, the Group’s brokers, also provide regular 
reports to the Board on changes to the shareholdings of the Group’s 
major investors. Information about the views of major investors is 
provided to the Board on a regular basis by the CFO and the Head of 
Investor Relations. 

The Board uses the Annual General Meeting (AGM) each year to 
communicate with shareholders and welcomes their participation. 
The Chairmen of the Audit, Remuneration and Nominations 
Committees endeavour to be present at the AGMs to answer 
questions from shareholders. Notice of the AGM and related papers 
are sent to shareholders at least 20 working days before the meeting. 
The voting results of the AGM are available on the Company’s 
website following the meeting.

Information on matters of interest to investors can be found on the 
Group’s website at www.ferrexpo.com.

The Board approved this report on 22 March 2011.

52

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Remuneration Report

Introduction
This Report has been prepared by the Remuneration Committee on 
behalf of the Board and complies with the requirements of the Listing 
Rules of the UK Listing Authority, Schedule 8 of the Large and 
Medium-Sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) 
Regulations 2008 and the Combined Code on Corporate 
Governance. Part A of the report, which is not subject to audit, sets 
out the Company’s remuneration policy and Part B, which has been 
audited, provides details of remuneration and share incentives of the 
Directors for the year ended 31 December 2010. 

This Report will be subject to an advisory shareholder vote at the 
Company’s 2011 Annual General Meeting. 

Part A: Unaudited Information
Remuneration Committee
The Remuneration Committee is composed of four independent 
Non-executive Directors. Lucio Genovese is the Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee and its other members are Michael 
Abrahams, Oliver Baring and Ihor Mitiukov. The Remuneration 
Committee met five times during the year. Attendance at meetings of 
the Remuneration Committee by individual members is detailed in the 
Corporate Governance Report on page 48.

Terms of reference for the Remuneration Committee have been 
approved by the Board and its duties include the determination of the 
policy for the remuneration of the Executive Directors and the 
members of the Executive Committee, as well as their specific 
remuneration packages, including pension rights and, where 
applicable, any compensation payments. In determining such policy, 
the Remuneration Committee is expected to take into account all 
factors which it deems necessary to ensure that members of the 
senior executive management of the Group are provided with 
appropriate incentives to encourage strong performance and are, in a 
fair and responsible manner, rewarded for their individual 
contributions to the success of the Company.

The composition of the Remuneration Committee and its terms  
of reference comply with the provisions of the Combined Code  
and are available for inspection on the Company’s website at  
www.ferrexpo.com. 

The Chief Executive Officer usually attends meetings of the 
Remuneration Committee at the invitation of the Chairman of the 
Remuneration Committee, and the Company Secretary acts as 
secretary to this committee. No Director is present when his own 
remuneration is being discussed.

Advisers
The Remuneration Committee retains Kepler Associates as its 
advisers to provide advice on remuneration policy, with particular 
emphasis on the structure of long-term incentives for senior 
management. Other than advice to the Remuneration Committee no 
other services were provided by Kepler Associates to the Company.

The Chief Executive Officer provides guidance to the Remuneration 
Committee on remuneration packages of senior executives employed 
by the Group (but not in respect of his own remuneration).

Activities of the Remuneration Committee
During the year the Remuneration Committee considered the 
following items of business:
 >

Remuneration packages of Executive Directors and members of 
the Executive Committee
Long-Term Incentive Plan performance and the Company’s 
performance compared to its peers 
General market considerations surrounding executive 
remuneration packages and structure
Performance evaluation of the Remuneration Committee.

 >

 >

 >

Remuneration policy
Ferrexpo’s remuneration policy is designed to help attract, motivate 
and retain talented executives to help drive the future growth and 
performance of the business. The policy aims to:
 >
align executive and shareholder interests;
 >
link a high proportion of remuneration to performance;
reward a balanced portfolio of performance measures (e.g. relative 
 >
Total Shareholder Return (‘TSR’) outperformance of sector peers, 
annual business priorities and individual performance); and
provide competitive rewards assessed against the relevant market 
to attract, motivate and retain talented executives.

 >

In determining the Company’s remuneration policy, the Remuneration 
Committee takes into account the particular business context of the 
Ferrexpo Group, the industry segment, the geography of its 
operations, the relevant talent market for each executive and best 
practice guidelines set by institutional shareholder bodies. During the 
year, the structure and competitiveness of performance-related and 
fixed elements of the remuneration packages of the Executive 
Directors were reviewed against mining comparators and FTSE-listed 
companies of similar size. No major changes were made to the policy 
as a result of the review. 

The Remuneration Committee will be keeping under review 
remuneration and incentive plan policy during the forthcoming year. 
The Remuneration Committee will continue to give full consideration 
to the principles set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code in 
relation to Directors’ remuneration and to the guidance of investor 
relation bodies. It will continue to implement policy so as to align 
executive remuneration with shareholders’ interests and also to 
engage and retain the talented individuals that the business needs in 
order to succeed.

Executive Directors’ remuneration
In setting the basic levels of pay for the Executive Directors, the 
Remuneration Committee seeks to ensure that salaries are market-
competitive, with the potential for total remuneration to be above 
average subject to satisfaction of suitably stretching performance 
conditions. At target level performance, performance-related pay 
makes up the majority of the remuneration of the Chief Financial 
Officer. In making this determination, the Committee makes reference 
to pay levels of international mining companies and other FTSE-listed 
companies of similar size and to pay and conditions, including 
average salary increases, elsewhere in the Ferrexpo Group. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

53

Incentive Plans
A substantial proportion of Executive Directors’ remuneration is based on performance via the Long-Term and Short-Term Incentive Plans 
described below.
 >
 >

Long-Term Incentive Plan (‘LTIP’) – aims to motivate participants to deliver appropriate longer-term returns to shareholders.
Short-Term Incentive Plan (‘STIP’) – aims to focus management efforts on delivery of annual business priorities, based on a scorecard of 
key performance indicators relating to both Company and individual performance.

The Board intends to continue to operate the LTIP and STIP for the Executive Directors and senior executives in 2011 while keeping under 
review their motivational effectiveness. 

Long-Term Incentive Plan 
The LTIP framework was approved by shareholders at the 2008 Annual General Meeting. The LTIP provides for annual awards of 
performance shares and options up to an aggregate limit of 200% of salary in normal circumstances. Initial awards were made in 2008 on the 
basis of the same number of shares to participants at the same level in the organisation. Further awards were made in 2009 and 2010 to 
broadly the same participants, on a similar basis. None of the awards granted in 2009 or 2010 exceeded 100% of salary. These awards are in 
the form of performance shares which vest according to the extent to which Ferrexpo’s three year total shareholder return (TSR) matches or 
outperforms that of a comparator index (see below). 

The Remuneration Committee has chosen relative TSR as the primary long-term incentive measure as it considers this to be the most 
objective external measure of the Company’s success. The Remuneration Committee reviewed the constituents of the comparator index and 
their weightings prior to the grant of 2009 LTIP awards and increased the weighting on the focused iron ore miners from 30% to 40% and 
reduced the weighting on the single commodity/emerging market miners commensurately. The resulting comparator index for 2009 and 2010 
awards is based 50% on the median TSR of global diversified mining companies, 40% on the median TSR of smaller focused iron ore miners 
and 10% on the median TSR of selected other single commodity/emerging market miners, as illustrated below. 

Index component 

Constituents 

Global diversified miners (10% each) 

Focused iron ore miners (10% each) 

Single commodity/emerging market miners 
(0.5% each) 

Vale 
BHP Billiton 
Anglo American 

Rio Tinto
Xstrata

Cliffs Natural Resources  
Fortescue Metals Group  

Kumba Iron Ore
Mount Gibson Iron

African Rainbow Minerals 
Alcoa 
Alumina 
Aluminum Corp of China 
Antofagasta 
Boliden 
ENRC  
Eramet  
First Quantum Minerals  
Freeport McMoRan  

Industrias Penoles 
Katanga Mining 
Kazakhmys 
KGHM Polska Miedz 
Lundin Mining 
Norilsk
OZ Minerals
Peabody Energy
Teck Cominco 
Vedanta Resources 

 Aggregate 
weighting

 50%

 40%

 10%

TSR is calculated on a common currency basis to ensure that comparisons with international comparators listed overseas are fair.

The Remuneration Committee has discretion to review the comparator index if any of the constituent companies are affected by corporate 
events such as mergers and acquisitions. 

The Remuneration Committee also reviews the constituents and their weightings prior to the start of each LTIP cycle to ensure they remain 
appropriate. The Committee anticipates increasing the number of focused iron ore miners in the comparator index for 2011 LTIP awards. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
54

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Remuneration Report continued

No performance shares will vest if Ferrexpo’s TSR underperforms the 
comparator index. 20% will vest if Ferrexpo’s TSR is equal to 
Index TSR; full vesting will occur only if Ferrexpo’s TSR exceeds the 
Index by at least 8% p.a.; there will be straight-line pro rata vesting in 
between those points. In addition, for any shares to vest, the 
Remuneration Committee must be satisfied that the recorded TSR is 
a fair reflection of Ferrexpo’s underlying business performance. The 
vesting parameters are illustrated below:

Ferrexpo 3-year TSR
% of vesting award

100

80

60

40

20

0

Index

Index +8% p.a.

Dividends will accrue on performance shares over the vesting period, 
and be paid on shares that vest. In the event of a change of control, 
awards will be pro-rated for time and performance. The 
Remuneration Committee will retain discretion to vary this treatment if 
it deems it to be in shareholders’ interests to do so. 

2008 LTIP award vesting
From 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010, Ferrexpo’s TSR 
performance was 23.9% and Index TSR was 0.5%. This 
outperformance of 7.2% p.a. of Index TSR resulted in 92% of 2008 
LTIP awards vesting for TSR. The Remuneration Committee has 
considered the Company’s overall performance and determined that 
the recorded TSR outperformance was a fair reflection of Ferrexpo’s 
underlying performance over the performance period and therefore 
determined, in accordance with the rules of the plan that 92% of the 
2008 LTIP awards vested.

Proposed 2011 LTIP awards
The Remuneration Committee intends to operate the LTIP framework 
in 2011 in the same manner as in 2010. However, as intimated in the 
2009 Remuneration Report, the Committee has looked at ways to 
improve the comparison of the management long-term incentive in 
relation to potential short-term share price movements in Ferrexpo’s 
share price or the share price of comparator companies. After 
consulting the principal shareholders of Ferrexpo in the summer of 
2010, the Remuneration Committee determined that it would extend 
the TSR share-price averaging period from three to six months to 
help eliminate this potential short-erm variability. 

This change will be implemented for LTIP awards to be made in 2011. 
The TSR performance requirements for threshold and full vesting will 
remain unchanged. Existing 2009 and 2010 LTIP cycles will continue 
to employ three-month share price averaging. 

LTIP: share ownership guidelines
The Committee has agreed that, with effect from 2010, Executive 
Directors and members of the Executive Committee should, in line 
with the growing practice among FTSE 250 companies, be 
encouraged to build up a holding of shares of equivalent value to a 
year’s salary (in the case of Executive Directors) or six months’ salary 
(for other members of the Executive Committee). Executives will be 
encouraged to retain their vested LTIP shares on an after-tax basis 
until the applicable guideline is achieved. 

Short-Term Incentive Plan
A Short-Term Incentive Plan (STIP) is in place which applies to the 
members of the Executive Committee, excluding Mr Zhevago. This 
STIP is a discretionary annual bonus scheme. For 2010 the maximum 
STIP opportunity for members of the Executive Committee ranged 
from 75% to 150% of salary. 

Key Performance Indicators (‘KPIs’) for 2010 were set for each 
member of the Executive Committee and were weighted to reflect the 
contribution of each executive to the achievement of that KPI. In 
relation to the Chief Financial Officer the Committee retained a broad 
discretion, taking into account both corporate and personal 
performance against objectives. 

Financial and Operational KPIs during the year related to financial 
performance, production output, corporate social responsibility 
(CSR), project performance and governance. 

Taking into account these results and also his individual performance, 
the Remuneration Committee awarded the Chief Financial Officer an 
STIP award of 150% of salary. The actual outcome for the other 
members of the Executive Committee ranged from 57% to 97% of 
salary.

For 2011, financial KPIs have been set and will be adjusted 
throughout the period to take account of market and input cost price 
developments as appropriate to the extent that these are not under 
the direct control of management. Adjustments are at the full 
discretion of the Remuneration Committee. CSR, projects and 
personal KPIs will continue to be set as in previous years. Weightings 
for the Chief Financial Officer in 2011 will be 20% for financial (EBITDA 
and net operating profit after tax (NOPAT)), 5% for CSR, 25% for 
production and sales volumes, and 50% for personal, projects and 
governance. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

55

Service agreements, notice periods and termination payments
The Executive Directors are employed under contracts of employment with Ferrexpo AG, a Group company. 

The principal terms of the Executive Directors’ service contracts (which have no fixed term) are as follows:

Name 

Position 

Date of contract 

Notice period 

Current basic fee (p.a.)

Kostyantin Zhevago 

Chief Executive Officer 

1 November 2008   Six months from the employee;  

US$240,0001

Chris Mawe 

Chief Financial Officer 

7 January 2008 

1  Kostyantin Zhevago’s basic fee of US$240,000 is donated at his request to Ukrainian charities. 

six months from the employer

Six months from the employee; 
12 months from the employer

CHF613,880

The Remuneration Committee sets notice periods for the Executive Directors at 12 months or less, which reduces the likelihood of having to 
pay excessive compensation in the event of poor performance. The policy on termination payments is to pay no more than what may be 
stipulated in an individual’s service agreement. The Executive Directors’ service contracts contain a provision exercisable at the option of the 
employer to pay an amount on early termination of employment equal to the respective notice period. 

If the Company elects to make a payment in lieu of notice, the Executive Director will also be entitled to receive all components of his 
remuneration, allowances and expenses for the extent of the notice period. The payment in lieu of notice clauses will be invoked when the 
speed and certainty afforded by such clauses are thought to be in the best interests of the shareholders.

Benefits in kind
Under his service agreement, Kostyantin Zhevago is entitled to 25 working days’ paid holiday per year. He is also entitled to furnished 
accommodation in Switzerland (and elsewhere in Europe if necessary for the performance of his duties) which cost US$93,000 in 2010, and 
up to US$5,000 per annum for professional tax advice. 

Under his service agreement, Chris Mawe is entitled to 25 working days’ paid holiday per year. Ferrexpo AG also provides him with 
CHF168,000 of accommodation rental assistance per annum, an increase from 2009 reflecting the increase in Swiss rental costs. 

Pensions
The Group does not operate a separate pension scheme for Executive Directors. Chris Mawe and Kostyantin Zhevago are members of the 
Ferrexpo AG pension plan which is a mandatory insurance scheme under Swiss law provided for all employees of Ferrexpo AG and to which 
the Company contributes an average of 10% of their annual base salaries. 

Pension benefits earned by the Directors in the year ended 31 December 2010 were:

US$000 

Chris Mawe 
Kostyantin Zhevago 

Accrued 
benefit at 
1 Jan 2010 

Increase in 
period (net of 
indexation)  

259 
10 

 83 
7 

Age 

 49 
37 

 Transfer  
value of 
increase  
in period 

56 
 4 

Accrued 
benefit at 
31 Dec 2010 

Transfer 
value at 
1 Jan 2010 

Transfer 
value at 
31 Dec 2010 

Forex effect 

Movement
in transfer
value during 
the period
less Directors’
 contributions 

Forex effect

54 
3 

452 
24 

122 
5 

214 
13 

 67 
 6 

25
2

Chairman and Non-executive Directors’ remuneration
The remuneration of the Chairman of the Board and the Non-executive Directors consists of fees that are paid monthly. The Chairman and 
Non-executive Directors do not participate in any of the Company’s long-term incentive or short-term incentive schemes, nor do they 
accumulate any pension entitlement. Neither the Chairman nor any of the Non-executive Directors has a service contract with the Company; 
however, each has entered into a letter of appointment with the Company.

Non-executive Directors’ letters of appointment 
Each of the Non-executive Directors has signed a letter of appointment with the Company. The Non-executive Directors are each appointed 
for an initial period of three years, and their appointments (with the exception of that of Mike Salamon) may then be renewed on a three-yearly 
basis, subject to re-election when appropriate by the Company in general meeting. Unless otherwise determined, neither the Company nor 
the Director concerned may give less than three months’ notice of termination of the appointment.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
56

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Remuneration Report continued

The Non-executive Directors’ fees are reviewed each year. The Non-executive Directors’ fees have been set at a level to reflect the time 
commitment and level of involvement that they are required to devote to the activities of the Board and its committees. The key appointment 
terms of the Non-executive Directors are as follows:

Director 

Position 

Date of initial appointment 

Duration of term 

 Fees p.a.

Michael Abrahams 
Oliver Baring1 
Lucio Genovese2,4 
Wolfram Kuoni3,4 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Mike Salamon 

Chairman 
Non-executive Director 
Non-executive Director 
Non-executive Director 
Non-executive Director 
Non-executive Director 

14 June 2007 
1 December 2007 
14 June 2007 
14 June 2007 
14 June 2007 
27 March 2009 

3 years5 
3 years5 
3 years5  
3 years5  
3 years5  
3 years  

 US$400,000
US$140,000
US$180,000
US$215,000
US$120,000
US$120,000

1  Oliver Baring receives a fee of US$120,000 p.a. as a Non-executive Director and an additional fee of US$20,000 p.a. in total for his roles as Senior Independent Director and Chairman of the 

Nominations Committee and Committee of Independent Directors.

2  Lucio Genovese receives a fee of US$120,000 p.a. as a Non-executive Director and additional fees of US$20,000 p.a. for his role as Chairman of the Remuneration Committee and US$40,000 

for his role as a Non-executive Director of Ferrexpo AG. 

3  Wolfram Kuoni receives a fee of US$120,000 p.a. as a Non-executive Director and additional fees of US$20,000 p.a. for his role as Chairman of the Audit Committee and US$75,000 for his role 

as a Non-executive Director and as Chairman of Ferrexpo AG. 

4  See note on Board balance and independence in Corporate Governance Report on page 47.
5 

Initial term was for three years from the date of the 2008 AGM. Appointments were renewed by the Board for a further term of three years (until the date of the 2014 AGM) in March 2011, subject 
to the requirement for periodic re-election at the Annual General Meeting.

External appointments 
It is the Board’s policy to allow the Executive Directors to accept directorships of other quoted companies provided that they have obtained 
the consent of both the Chairman of the Board and Mr Zhevago. Any such directorships must be formally notified to the Board. Mr Zhevago’s 
external directorship is mentioned in the biographical section of the Company Overview on page 44. He does not retain any fees for this 
directorship. 

Performance review

Source: Bloomberg

Ferrexpo

2010 LTIP Index

FTSE250 Index

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

31 May 
2007

31 December
2007

31 December
2008

31 December
2009

31 December
2010

The above graph shows the value, at 31 December 2010, of £100 invested in Ferrexpo’s shares at the time of the IPO compared with the 
current value of the same amount invested in the FTSE 250 index or in the shares of the LTIP comparator group. The FTSE 250 index is 
chosen because Ferrexpo is a constituent member of this group.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

57

Part B: Audited Information
Directors’ remuneration for the period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010
Salary, annual bonus and other benefits

Chairman
Michael Abrahams 

Executive Directors
Kostyantin Zhevago 
Chris Mawe 

Non-executive Directors 
Oliver Baring 
Lucio Genovese 
Marek Jelinek 
Wolfram Kuoni 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Mike Salamon 

Former Executive Director
Mike Oppenheimer 

Total 

1  Relates solely to share-based valuation of listing bonus awards.
2  Retired from the Board on 27 May 2010. 
3  Relates to accommodation costs.
4  Total for 2009 includes pension related benefits amounting to US$4 thousand.
5  Total for 2009 includes pension related benefits amounting to US$117 thousand.

Directors’ interests in shares of the Company
Interests of the Directors in office as at 31 December 2010

Michael Abrahams 
Kostyantin Zhevago1 
Christopher Mawe 
Oliver Baring  
Lucio Genovese  
Wolfram Kuoni 
Ihor Mitiukov 
Mike Salamon 

  Salary or fees 
US$000 

Pension 
US$000 

Benefits 
US$000 

Bonus 
US$000 

Total 
2010 
US$000 

Total
2009
US$000

 400  

 – 

 3311 

– 

 731 

 906

240 
590 

140 
180 
502 
215 
 120 
120 

– 

8 
78 

933 
913 

– 
885 

341 
1,644 

3224
1,2375

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
- 
– 
- 
- 

– 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

– 

140 
180 
50 
215 
120 
120 

140
180
90
215
120 
90

– 

18

2,055 

86 

515 

885 

3,541 

3,318

At 
  31 December  
2010 

167,646 
300,198,313 

0 0

20,130 
169,005 
28,290 
31,327 
100,000 

At 
  31 December 
2009

242,229
300,198,313

20,130
168,719
28,004
31,011
100,000

1  Kostyantin Zhevago is interested in these shares by reason of being a beneficiary of The Minco Trust, which is the sole shareholder of Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., which owns 300,198,313 Ordinary 

Shares in the Company.

There have been no changes in the interests of the Directors from the end of the period under review to 14 March 2011, being a date not more 
than one month prior to the date of notice of the Annual General Meeting.

Listing bonus awards
The Chairman and the Non-executive Directors were all awarded shares in the Company following their appointment to the Board as follows:

Director 

Michael Abrahams 
Oliver Baring 
Lucio Genovese 
Wolfram Kuoni 
Ihor Mitiukov 

Award date 

15 June 2007 
1 December 2007 
15 June 2007 
15 June 2007 
15 June 2007 

on first 
anniversary  
award date  of award date 

  Shares vested   Shares vested   Shares vested 
on third 
anniversary  
 of award date 

on second 
anniversary 
 of award date 

Shares 
vested on 

Nil 
12,060 
16,318 
16,318 
16,318 

90,657 
12,060 
16,318 
16,318 
16,318 

90,657 
Nil 
Nil 
Nil 
Nil 

90,657 
 Nil 
Nil 
Nil 
Nil 

Total
shares
awarded 

271,971
24,120
32,636
32,636
32,636

Under the terms of the Trust Deed under which the shares in the Company were awarded upon appointment, the Trustee may deduct shares 
in order to settle tax and related liabilities on behalf of the Director concerned. As a consequence of this provision, a deduction of shares was 
made during the year in respect of Michael Abrahams.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
58

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Remuneration Report continued

Long-Term Incentive Plan awards
In 2010 the following performance shares were awarded to Executive Directors as nil cost options under the LTIP. Further details of the LTIP 
and the applicable performance conditions are shown on pages 53 and 54.

At 
1 January  
2010 

Granted 
(2010 LTIP 
Award) 

100,000 
100,000 
– 

– 
– 
100,0001 

During year 

Exercised 

Lapsed 

Total at 
31 
December 
2010 

Market 
price on 
 date of award 
(pence) 

Market
price at
date of 
exercise 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

100,0002 
100,000  
100,000 

300,000

411 
143 
275 

– 
– 
 – 

Chris Mawe 

Total 

 Date from which
exercisable 

01.01.2011 
01.01.2012  
01.01.2013 

Expiry date

16.05.2018
14.09.2019
17.06.2020

1  Date of grant 18 June 2010.
2  This award has vested as to 92% under the TSR performance condition described above. At the date of vesting the market price per share was 415.9p.

Former Executive Directors vesting of LTIP awards
In accordance with the provisions of the LTIP rules and applicable employment contracts, the LTIP award made to Dennis McShane in 2008 
vested as follows:

Dennis McShane 

2008 LTIP award1  100,0002 

 31 Dec 2010 

61% 

61,111 

 92% 

56,222

  Grant of shares 

Number 
of shares 

Vesting date 

Pro rated 
for time 

Adjusted 
 number 
of shares 

Proportion
of shares 
vesting under 
 TSR test 

Number of
shares
vesting

1  A Transitional award of 75,000 shares made in 2008 did not vest and lapsed at the end of 2009.
2  At the date of vesting the market price per share was 415.9p.

Other transactions involving Directors are set out in note 35 (related party disclosure) to the Financial Statements. 

This Report was approved by the Board on 22 March 2011.

Signed on behalf of the Board

Lucio Genovese
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

59

Directors’ Report

The Directors present their report to shareholders for the financial 
year ending 31 December 2010. 

In compliance with the 2010 UK Corporate Governance Code all of 
the Directors will retire at the forthcoming AGM and, being eligible, 
will offer themselves for re-election.

Further details about the Directors and their roles within the Group 
are given in the Directors’ biographies on pages 44 and 45. Details of 
the remuneration of the Directors, their interests in shares of the 
Company and service contracts are contained in the Remuneration 
Report on pages 52 to 58.

Appointment and replacement of Directors
Directors may be elected by the shareholders (by ordinary resolution) 
or appointed by the Board. A Director appointed by the Board holds 
office only until the next following AGM and is then eligible for election 
by the shareholders. 

Powers of the Directors
Subject to the Company’s Articles, the Act and any directions given 
by special resolution, the business of the Company will be managed 
by the Board who may exercise all the powers of the Company.

Directors’ and Officers’ insurance
The Company maintains Directors’ and Officers’ Liability Insurance  
in respect of legal action that may be brought against its Directors 
and Officers.

Directors’ indemnity provision
During the period under review, the Group had in force a qualifying 
third-party indemnity provision in favour of one or more of the 
Directors of Ferrexpo plc against liability in respect of proceedings 
brought by third parties, subject to the conditions set out in the Act. 

Share capital and rights attaching to the Company’s shares
Share capital and rights attaching to the Company’s shares
The Company has a single class of Ordinary Shares of 10p each. 

Subject to applicable statutes and other shareholders’ rights, shares 
may be issued with such rights and restrictions as the Company may 
by ordinary resolution decide, or (if there is no such resolution or so 
far as it does not make specific provision) as the Board may decide. 
At each AGM, the Board proposes to put in place annual shareholder 
authority for the Company’s Directors to allot new shares in 
accordance with the guidelines of the Investor Protection Committee.

Details of the issued share capital of the Company are shown in note 
29 of the financial statements. 

The Company was incorporated under the name Ferrexpo plc as a 
public company limited by shares on 22 April 2005. Ferrexpo plc 
listed on the London Stock Exchange in June 2007 and is a member 
of the FTSE 250 index.

Business review
A review of the business, its principal activities and likely future 
developments can be found in the sections listed below which are 
incorporated into this Directors’ Report by reference. The pages 
referred to incorporate all requirements of section 417 Companies  
Act 2006 (the ‘Act’), including details of the principal risks and 
uncertainties facing the Group and analysis using Key Performance 
Indicators (as set out in the Business Review).

 >

 >
 >
 >
 >

The Chairman’s and Chief Executive Officer’s Statement on  
pages 6 to 9
The Operating Review on pages 20 to 25
The Financial Highlights on pages 26 to 29
The statement of risks on pages 30 to 33
The Corporate Social Responsibility Review on pages 34 to 43.

Directors’ duties
The duties of Directors are set out in sections 170 to 177 of the Act. 
The duties that are specifically referred to in the Corporate 
Governance Report on pages 46 to 51 include the duties under 
section 172 (to promote the success of the Company), section 175 (to 
avoid conflicts of interest), section 176 (not to accept benefits from 
third parties), and section 177 (to declare any interests in existing or 
proposed transactions or arrangements with the Company).

Results and dividends
Results for the year are set out in the Consolidated Income Statement 
on page 65. 

The Directors recommend a final dividend of 3.3 US cents per 
Ordinary Share. Subject to shareholders approving this 
recommendation at the Annual General Meeting (the ‘AGM’), the 
dividend will be paid in UK pounds sterling on 3 June 2011 to 
shareholders on the register at the close of business on 3 May 2011. 
Shareholders may receive UK pounds sterling dividends by direct 
bank transfer, provided that they have notified the Company’s 
registrars in advance. Shareholders may also elect to receive 
dividends in US dollars (the procedure for this is set out in the Notice 
of the AGM). 

Directors
The Directors of the Company who served during the year were:
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >

Michael Abrahams
Oliver Baring
Lucio Genovese
Marek Jelinek (retired 27 May 2010)
Wolfram Kuoni 
Chris Mawe
Ihor Mitiukov
Mike Salamon 
Kostyantin Zhevago

60

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Directors’ Report continued

Variation of rights
Subject to the provisions of the Act, the rights attached to a class of 
shares may be varied or abrogated either with the consent in writing 
of the holders of at least three-quarters of the nominal amount of the 
issued shares of that class (excluding any shares of that class held as 
treasury shares) or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at 
a separate meeting of the holders of the issued shares of that class 
validly held in accordance with the Articles. 

Dividends and distributions
Subject to the provisions of the Act, the shareholders may by  
ordinary resolution, from time to time, declare dividends not 
exceeding the amount recommended by the Board. The Board  
may pay interim dividends and also any fixed rate dividends  
whenever the financial position of the Group, in the opinion  
of the Board, justifies their payment. 

Transfer of shares
Any share in the Company may be held in uncertificated form and, 
subject to the Articles, title to uncertificated shares may be 
transferred by means of a relevant system. Registration of a transfer 
of an uncertificated share may be refused in the circumstances set 
out in the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001 and where, in 
the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to 
whom the uncertificated share is to be transferred exceeds four.

Subject to the Articles, any member may transfer all or any of his 
certificated shares by an instrument of transfer in any usual form or in 
any other form which the Board may approve. The Board may 
decline to register a transfer of a certificated share if it is not in the 
approved form. The Board may also decline to register any transfer of 
any share which is not a fully paid share. The Board may decline to 
register a transfer of any of the Company’s certificated shares by a 
person with a 0.25% or greater interest if such a person has been 
served with a notice and has failed within 14 days to provide the 
Company with information concerning interests in those shares 
required to be provided under the Act, unless the transfer is shown to 
the Board to be pursuant to an arm’s length sale.

Repurchase of shares
Subject to authorisation by shareholder resolution, the Company may 
purchase its own shares in accordance with the Act. Any shares 
which have been bought back may be held as treasury shares or 
cancelled immediately upon completion of the purchase. 

The Company was given authority to make market purchases of up 
to approximately 10% of its existing Ordinary Share capital by a 
resolution passed on 27 May 2010. This authority will expire at the 
conclusion of the Company’s 2011 AGM. A special resolution to 
renew the authority will be proposed at the forthcoming AGM. Details 
of the resolution renewing the authority to purchase Ordinary Shares 
are set out in the notice of Annual General Meeting enclosed with  
this report. 

The Company did not make use of the authority mentioned above 
during 2010.

Under the Company’s Articles, the Board may withhold payment of 
all or any part of any dividends or other monies payable in respect of 
the Company’s shares from a person with a 0.25% or greater interest 
(as defined in the Articles) if such person has been served with a 
notice under section 793 of the Companies Act 2006 and has failed 
within 14 days to provide the Company with information concerning 
interests in those shares required to be provided under the Acts.

Voting
At a general meeting of the Company, every member has one vote on 
a show of hands and on a poll, one vote for each share held. Under 
the Act, members are entitled to appoint a proxy or proxies to 
exercise all or any of their rights to attend, speak and vote at a 
general meeting. A member that is a corporation may appoint one or 
more individuals to act on its behalf at a general meeting as a 
corporate representative. 

Restrictions on voting
No member is entitled to vote at any general meeting in respect of 
any shares held by him if any call or other sum outstanding in respect 
of that share remains unpaid. Currently, all issued shares are fully 
paid. In addition, subject to the Articles no member shall be entitled 
to vote if he has failed to provide the Company with information 
concerning interests in those shares required to be provided under 
the Act.

Shares held in the EBT
The trustees of the Company employee benefit trust (‘EBT’) may vote 
or abstain from voting on shares held in the EBT as they think fit and 
in doing so may take into account both financial and non financial 
interests of the beneficiaries of the EBT or their dependants.

Deadline for voting rights
The Articles provide a deadline for submission of proxy forms of not 
less than 48 hours before the meeting. The Directors will also specify 
in the notice of any general meeting a time, being not more that 48 
hours before the meeting, by which a person must be entered in the 
register of members in order to have the right to attend and vote at 
the meeting The Directors may decide, at their discretion, that no 
account should be taken of any day that is not a working day when 
calculating the 48 hour period.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

61

Substantial shareholdings
As at 15 March 2011, the Company had been advised in accordance with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules, of the following notifiable 
interests in its voting rights:

Name of shareholder 

Fevamotinico S.a.r.l.1 
Wigmore Street Investments No. 3 Ltd2  

Ordinary 
Shares 

300,198,313 
 76,656,035 

% of the 
Company’s
total voting
rights at date 
of notification

Number of 
voting rights 

 300,198,313 
 76,656,035 

51.00%
13.02%

1   Fevamotinico S.a.r.l. is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Minco Trust of which Kostyantin Zhevago is a beneficiary.
2   BXR Group Ltd is the ultimate parent undertaking and indirect controller of Wigmore Street Investments No. 3 Ltd, which holds 76,656,035 shares through its nominee Lynchwood Nominees ltd. 

In addition, Wigmore Street Investments No. 3 Ltd Is Interested In Total Return Swaps covering 70,500,000 shares.

Significant agreements – change of control
The Company does not have any agreements with Directors or employees that would provide for compensation for loss of office or 
employment resulting from a takeover.

There are no circumstances connected with any other significant agreements to which the Company is a party that would take effect, alter or 
terminate upon a change of control following a takeover bid, except those referred to below:

Long-Term Incentive Plan
The rules of the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan set out the consequences of a change of control of the Company on employee rights 
under the plan. Generally, such rights will vest on a change of control to the extent that the performance conditions have been satisfied and 
on a time pro-rated basis, subject to the discretion of the Remuneration Committee. Participants will become entitled to acquire shares in the 
Company, or in some cases, to the payment of a cash sum of equivalent basis.

Bank loan facility
Under the US$350 million pre-export finance facility with Deutsche Bank AG and other banks, entered into in September 2010, if Kostyantin 
Zhevago ceases to own directly or indirectly at least 50% plus one share of the Company, any of the lenders is entitled to demand repayment 
of its commitment. 

Relationship Agreement 
Details of the Relationship Agreement entered into between Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., Kostyantin Zhevago, The Minco Trust and the Company can 
be found in the Financial Highlights (page 29) and in the Corporate Governance Report (page 47). The Relationship Agreement ceases to 
apply if the holding of Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., The Minco Trust or Mr Zhevago individually or collectively falls below 25% of the issued share 
capital of the Company. 

Events since the balance sheet date
Information on events since the balance sheet date is provided in note 42 to the financial statements on page 119.

Market value of land and buildings
Land is carried in the balance sheet at deemed cost resulting from a valuation undertaken on 1 January 2003 as part of the Group’s  
transition to reporting under IFRS. It is not practicable to estimate the market value of land and mineral reserves and resources at each 
balance sheet date.

Policy on derivatives and financial instruments
The Group does not hold any derivative financial instruments. Group policy on financial instruments is set out in note 38 to the Consolidated 
Financial Information on pages 107 to 115.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
62

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Directors’ Report continued

Creditor payment policy and practice
It is the Group’s policy that payments to suppliers are made in 
accordance with the terms and conditions agreed between the 
Company and its suppliers, provided that all relevant trading terms 
and conditions have been complied with. The average creditor 
payment period for the period ended 31 December 2010 for the 
Company was 20 days (2009: 27 days). 

Statement on disclosure of information to auditors
The Directors who held office at the date of approval of this Directors’ 
Report confirm that, so far as they are each aware, there is no 
relevant audit information of which the Group’s auditors are unaware, 
and that each Director has taken all reasonable steps to make himself 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the 
Group’s auditors are aware of that information.

A Statement of the Responsibilities of the Directors for preparing the 
Group and Company financial statements is set out on page 63.

Amendments to Articles of Association
The Articles may be amended by special resolution in accordance 
with the Act.

Annual General Meeting
The Annual General Meeting of the Company will be held at 11.00am 
on Thursday 26 May 2011 at the Intercontinental Hotel, 1 Hamilton 
Place, Park Lane, London W1J 7QY. A separate letter from the 
Chairman summarising the business of the meeting and the Notice 
convening the AGM have been sent to shareholders with this  
Annual Report.

Auditors
Having reviewed the independence and effectiveness of the auditors, 
the Audit Committee has recommended to the Board that the 
existing auditors, Ernst & Young LLP, be reappointed. Ernst & Young 
LLP have indicated their willingness to continue in office and an 
ordinary resolution reappointing them as auditors and authorising the 
Directors to set their remuneration will be proposed at the 2011 
Annual General Meeting.

This report was approved by the Board on 22 March 2011.

David Leonard
Company Secretary

Ferrexpo plc

Registered Office:
2–4 King Street
London SW1Y 6QL
Registered number: 5432915

Headquarters:
Bahnhofstrasse 13
CH–6340 Baar
Switzerland

Charitable and political donations
The Group made no political donations during the year. Group 
donations to charities worldwide were US$4,418,000 (2009: 
US$4,043,000), with UK charities receiving US$nil (2009: US$nil).

Risk management policies
Full details of the Group’s policy on risk and uncertainty and an 
overview of the Group’s exposure to credit, liquidity and market risks 
are set out in note 38 of the ‘Notes to the Consolidated Financial 
Information’ on pages 107 to 115. Further references to risk are made 
on pages 30 to 33 and in the Internal Control section of the Corporate 
Governance Report on page 49 which provides a summary of the 
internal control procedures put in place by the Board to identify key 
risks and review risk management and its effectiveness.

Going concern
The Group’s business activities, together with the risk factors likely to 
affect its future development, performance and position are set out 
on pages 26 to 33. The financial position of the company, its cash 
flows, liquidity position and borrowing facilities are described in the 
Financial Review on pages 26 to 29. In addition, note 38 of the ‘Notes 
to the Consolidated Financial Information’ on pages 107 to 115 sets 
out the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its 
capital; its financial risk management objectives and details of its 
financial instruments; and its exposures to credit risk, liquidity risk, 
currency risk and interest rate risk.

The Group’s forecasts and projections, taking into account possible 
changes in the iron ore market and general economic environment, 
show that the Group generates sufficient operating cash flows to 
comply with the amortisation schedule for the existing major debt 
facility and to finance the anticipated development projects. 

After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation 
that the Group has adequate financial resources to continue in 
operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, the 
Directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in 
preparing the financial statements of the Group.

Corporate governance statement
The Disclosure and Transparency Rules (DTR 7.2) require certain 
information to be included in a corporate governance statement set 
out in a company’s Directors’ Report. In common with many 
companies, Ferrexpo has an existing practice of issuing, within its 
annual report, a Corporate Governance Report that is separate from 
its Directors’ Report. The information that fulfils the requirements of 
DTR 7.2 is located in Ferrexpo’s Corporate Governance Report on 
pages 46 to 51 (and is incorporated into this Directors’ Report by 
reference), with the exception of the information referred to in DTR 
7.2.6, which is located in this Directors’ Report. 

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

63

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities

In relation to the Group financial statements
The Directors are responsible for preparing the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements 
for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have prepared 
the financial statements in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU. Under company law the 
Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are 
satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In 
preparing those financial statements, the Directors are required to:
 >

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 
consistently;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether applicable International Financial Reporting 
Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will 
continue in business.

 >
 >

 >

In relation to the parent company financial statements
The Directors are responsible for preparing the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements 
for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have elected to 
prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom 
Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the 
Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are 
satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Company and of the profit or loss for that period. In preparing those 
financial statements, the Directors are required to:
 >

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 
consistently;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been 
followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and 
explained in the financial statements; and
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will 
continue in business.

 >
 >

 >

In relation to the Group and parent company financial 
statements
The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s and 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at 
any time the financial position of the Group and Company and enable 
them to ensure that the Group and Company financial statements 
comply with the Companies Act 2006 and, with respect to the Group 
financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. They are also 
responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and Company 
and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and 
detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Under applicable UK law and requirements of the Financial Services 
Authority, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of a 
Directors’ report, Directors’ remuneration report and corporate 
governance report that comply with these laws and requirements. In 
addition the Directors are responsible for the maintenance and 
integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the 
Company’s website. Legislation in the UK governing the preparation 
and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation 
in other jurisdictions.

Under the requirements of Chapter 4 of the Disclosure and 
Transparency Rules the Directors are responsible for including a fair 
review of the development and performance of the business and the 
position of the Group taken as a whole, together with a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

Responsibility Statement of the Directors in respect of the 
Annual Report and Accounts
We confirm on behalf of the Board that to the best of our knowledge:
(a) the financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, 
liabilities, financial position and profit of the Company and the 
undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and 
(b) the management report (entitled ‘Business Review’) includes a fair 
review of the development and performance of the business, and 
the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

For and on behalf of the Board

Michael Abrahams
Chairman

Christopher Mawe
Chief Financial Officer

64

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Independent Auditor’s Report to the
Members of Ferrexpo plc

We have audited the financial statements of the Group and parent 
company for the year ended 31 December 2010 which comprise the 
Consolidated Income Statement, the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income, Consolidated, Statements of Financial 
Position, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, Consolidated 
Statement of Changes in Equity, Parent Company Balance Sheet and 
the related notes 1 to 41 for the Group financial statement and notes 
1 to 10 for the Parent Company financial statements. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the 
Group financial statement is applicable law and International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union. The 
financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation 
of the parent company financial statements is applicable law and 
United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice).

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the 
company’s members those matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent 
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a 
body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have 
formed. 

 >

 >

 >

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 
2006
In our opinion:
 >

The part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited has 
been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 
2006
The information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with 
the financial statements

 >

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following:

Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in 
our opinion:
 >

Adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent 
company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us, or
The parent company financial statements and the part of the 
Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in 
agreement with the accounting records and return, or
Certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are 
not made, or
We have not received all the information and explanations we 
require for our audit

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement 
set out on page 63, the directors are responsible for the preparation 
of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true 
and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on 
the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and 
International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s 
Ethical Standards for Auditors.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements sufficient to give reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This includes an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to 
the group’s and the parent company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of 
significant accounting estimates made by the directors; and the 
overall presentation of the financial statements.

Under the Listing Rules we are required to review:
 >

The directors’ statement, set out on page 62, in relation to going 
concern
The part of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the 
company’s compliance with the nine provisions of the June 2008 
Combined Code specified for our review
Certain elements of the report to shareholders by the Board on 
directors’ remuneration

 >

 >

Ernst & Young LLP
Bob Forsyth (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor
London
22 March 2011

Opinion on financial statements
In our opinion:
 >

The financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the 
group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2010 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended
The group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union
The parent company financial statements have been properly 
prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Account Practice; and
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the 
group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation

 >

 >

 >

 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

65

Consolidated Income Statement

US$000 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Selling and distribution expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Other income 
Other expenses 
Operating foreign exchange (losses)/gains   

Operating profit from continuing operations before adjusted items 

Under recovery of VAT receivable 
Write-offs and impairment losses  
Share of profit of associates 
Gain on bargain purchase  
Initial public offering costs 
(Losses)/gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Profit before tax and finance from continuing operations 

Finance income 
Finance expense 
Non-operating foreign exchange losses 

Profit before tax 
Income tax expense 

Profit for the year from continuing operations 

Attributable to: 
Equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc 
Non-controlling interests 

Earnings per share: 
Basic (US cents) 
Diluted (US cents) 

Notes 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

6  1,294,900 
7 
(481,857) 

648,667
(341,067)

813,043 

307,600

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 

(212,006) 
(49,175) 
4,515 
(5,938) 
(1,078) 

(162,266)
(43,161)
4,102
(3,418)
2,534

549,361 

105,391

27 
13 
14 
15/41 
39 

(10,936) –
(1,618) 
4,155 
2,623 
(55) 
(1,305) 

(2,757)
1,304
503
(427)
213

542,225 

104,227

16 
16 
12 

17 

2,632 
(42,843) 
(3,888) 

498,126 
(73,002) 

2,893
(23,718)
(2,552)

80,850
(9,852)

425,124 

70,998

422,906 
2,218 

70,627
371

425,124 

70,998

18 
18 

72.34 
72.24 

12.08
12.05

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
66

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

US$000 

Profit for the period 
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations  
  Exchange differences arising during the year 
  Exchange differences arising on hedging of foreign operations 
Available-for-sale investments 
  Gain arising on revaluation during the year  
Income tax effect 

Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 

Total comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 

Total comprehensive income attributable to: 
Equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc 
Non-controlling interests 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

425,124 

70,998

533 
110 

(20,842)
(3,697)

1,915 
(492) 

400
2,895

2,066 

(21,244)

427,190 

49,754

424,923 
2,267 

49,633
121

427,190 

49,754

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

67

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

US$000 

Assets 
Property, plant and equipment   
Goodwill and other intangible assets  
Investments in associates 
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Other non-current assets 
Deferred tax assets 

Total non-current assets 

Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Prepayments and other current assets 
Income taxes recoverable and prepaid  
Other taxes recoverable and prepaid 
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents  

Assets classified as held for sale 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

Equity and liabilities 
Issued capital 
Share premium 
Other reserves 
Retained earnings 

Equity attributable to equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc 

Non-controlling interests 

Total equity 

Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
Defined benefit pension liability  
Provision for site restoration 
Deferred tax liabilities 

Total non-current liabilities   

Interest bearing loans and borrowings  
Trade and other payables  
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Income taxes payable 
Other taxes payable 

Total current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Total equity and liabilities 

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 March 2011. 

Kostyantin Zhevago 
Chief Executive Officer 

Christopher Mawe
Chief Financial Officer

Notes 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

19 
20 
14 
21 
22 
23 

24 
25 
26 
27 
27 
21 
28 

647,137 
102,715 
21,132 
3,356 
24,767 
16,596 

452,100
100,354
19,915
2,917
9,824
13,673

815,703 

598,783

104,827 
111,890 
18,922 
35 
103,647 
– 
319,470 

59,636
38,117
19,394
9,741
81,284
626
11,991

658,791 

220,789

3,149 –

661,940 

220,789

1,477,643 

819,572

29 
29 
29 

121,628 
185,112 
(344,420) 
885,353 

121,628
185,112
(347,858)
501,175

847,673 

460,057

13,801 

11,387

861,474 

471,444

401,290 
17,819 
2,746 
2,432 

18,143
14,529
1,268
3,739

424,287 

37,679

22,563 
88,089 
25,496 
41,811 
13,923 

251,503
27,802
12,146
11,105
7,893

191,882 

310,449

616,169 

348,128

30 
32 
33 
23 

30 
31 
34 
27 
27 

  1,477,643 

819,572

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
68

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

US$000 

Profit before tax 
Adjustments for: 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortisation of intangible assets 
Interest expense 
Under recovery of VAT receivable 
Interest income 
Share of income of associates   
Movement in allowance for doubtful receivables 
Losses/(gains) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Write-offs and impairment losses  
Site restoration provision 
Employee benefits 
IPO costs 
Share-based payments 
Gain recognised on rights issue at subsidiary 
Gain on bargain purchase from business combination   
Operating foreign exchange (losses)/gains   
Non-operating foreign exchange losses 

Operating cash flow before working capital changes 

Changes in working capital: 
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
(Increase)/decrease in inventories 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other accounts payable 
(Increase) in VAT recoverable and other taxes prepaid1   

Cash generated from operating activities 

Interest paid 
Income tax paid 
Post-employment benefits paid  

Net cash flows from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment  
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Purchases of intangible assets   
Interest received 
Proceeds from loans to associates 
Pre-acquistion loans provided   
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired 

Net cash flows used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from borrowings and finance  
Repayment of borrowings and finance 
Arrangement fees paid 
Dividends paid to equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc2   
Dividends from associates 
Dividends paid to non-controlling shareholders 

Net cash flows from/(used) in financing activities  

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents   
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Currency translation differences 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year 3 

Notes 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

498,126 

80,850

16 
27 
16 
14 
25 

13 
33 

39 

15 
41 
12 
12 

27 

27 

19 

20 

22/26 
41 
41 

30,415 
42,843 
10,936 
(2,632) 
(4,155) 
(3,685) 
1,305 
1,618 
1,478 
3,281 
55 
1,366 
– 
(2,623) 
1,078 
3,888 

28,018
20,622
– 
(2,893)
(1,304)
(5,199)
(213)
2,757
159
5,474
427
3,423
(503)
–
(2,534)
2,552

583,295 

131,636

(74,020) 
(42,938) 
11,215 
(31,062) 

14,961
1,777
(6,474)
(24,038)

446,490 

117,862

(25,437) 
(37,827) 
(3,468) 

(19,197)
(18,899)
(2,897)

379,758 

76,869

(166,775) 
– 
(633) 
1,270 
1,550 
(10,881) –
582 

(85,823)
213
(598)
2,104
6,450

–

(174,887) 

(77,654)

668,802 
(505,359) 
(21,074) –
(41,744) 
2,931 –
(47) 

35,637
(73,168)

(36,325)

(234)

103,509 

(74,090)

308,380 
11,991 
(901) 

(74,875)
87,822
(956)

28 

319,470 

11,991

1  The movement includes effect of VAT receivable amounting to US$72,318 thousand, which was recovered through VAT bonds. See note 27 for further details 
2  Difference to statement of change in equity represents unpaid withholding tax amounting to US$3,163 thousand on dividend paid in the prior year.
3  The balance of cash and cash equivalents includes restricted cash of US$37,768 thousand (2009: US$ nil). 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

69

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

US$000 

Issued capital 
(Note 29) 

Share 
premium 
(Note 29) 

Attributable to equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc

Uniting of 
interest  
reserve 
(Note 29) 

31,780 
– 

Treasury 
share reserve 
(Note 29) 

Employee 
benefit trust 
reserve 
(Note 29 
and 40) 

Net
unrealised 
gains 
reserve 
(Note 29) 

Translation 
reserve 
(Note 29) 

Retained 
earnings 

Total capital 
and reserves 

Non-
controlling
interests
(Note 1) 

Total equity

(77,260) 
– 

(15,443) 
– 

813 
– 

(270,604)  470,098 
70,627 

– 

446,124 
70,627 

11,769 
371 

457,893
70,998

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

301 

(21,295) 

– 

(20,994) 

(250) 

(21,244)

– 

301 

(21,295) 

70,627 

49,633 

121 

49,754

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

3,850 

– 

(39,550) 

(39,550) 

– 

3,850 

– 

– 

(39,550)

3,850

– 

– 

(503) 

(503)

121,628 
– 

185,112 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

121,628 

185,112 

31,780 

(77,260) 

(11,593) 

1,114 

(291,899)  501,175 

460,057 

11,387 

471,444

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

422,906 

422,906 

2,218 

425,124

1,401 

616 

– 

2,017 

49 

2,066

– 

1,401 

616 

422,906 

424,923 

2,267 

427,190

– 

1,421 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(38,581) 

(38,581) 

– 

1,421 

– 

– 

(38,581)

1,421

– 

(147) 

(147) 

147 

–

121,628 

185,112 

31,780 

(77,260) 

(10,172) 

2,515 

(291,283)  885,353 

847,673 

13,801 

861,474

At 1 January 2009 
Profit for the period 
Other comprehensive  
  income 

Total  
  comprehensive  
  income for the  
  period 

Equity dividends paid  
  to shareholders of  
  Ferrexpo plc 
Share-based  
  payments (note 39) 
Adjustments relating  
  to the decrease  
  in non-controlling  
  interests 

At 31 December  
  2009 

Profit for the period 
Other comprehensive  
  income 

Total  
  comprehensive  
  income for the  
  period 

Equity dividends paid  
  to shareholders of  
  Ferrexpo plc 
Share-based  
  payments (note 39) 
Adjustments relating  
  to the decrease  
  in non-controlling  
  interests1 

At 31 December  
  2010 

1  Transfer of shareholdings in subsidiaries resulted in change of non-controlling interests. See note 2 for further details. 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
70

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information

Note 1: Corporate information
Organisation and operation
Ferrexpo plc (the ‘Company’) is incorporated in the United Kingdom with registered office at 2–4 King Street, London, SW1Y 6QL, UK. 
Ferrexpo plc and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) operate a mine and processing plant near Kremenchuk in Ukraine, an interest in a port in 
Odessa and a sales and marketing company in Switzerland and Kiev. The Group also owns a logistic group located in Austria which operates 
a fleet of vessels operating on the Rhine and Danube waterways. The Group’s operations are vertically integrated from iron ore mining through 
to iron ore concentrate and pellet production and subsequent logistics. The Group’s mineral properties lie within the Kremenchuk Magnetic 
Anomaly and are currently being exploited at the Gorishne-Plavninsky and Lavrikovsky deposits. These deposits are being jointly mined as 
one mining complex.

The majority shareholder of the Group is Fevamotinico S.a.r.l. (‘Fevamotinico’), a company owned The Minco Trust, of the beneficiaries of 
which is Kostyantin Zhevago, the Group’s Chief Executive Officer. At the time this report was published, Fevamotinico held 51.0% (2009: 
51.0%) of Ferrexpo plc’s issued share capital.

The Group’s operations are largely conducted through Ferrexpo plc’s principal subsidiary, Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation and logistics for 
Western Europe are managed through the Helogistics subsidiaries. The Group comprises of Ferrexpo plc and its consolidated subsidiaries as 
set out below:

Name 

Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation1 
Ferrexpo AG2 
DP Ferrotrans3 
United Energy Company LLC3   
Ferrexpo Finance plc (formerly Ferrexpo UK Limited1) 
Ferrexpo Services Limited1 
Ferrexpo Hong Kong Limited1 
Ferrexpo Yeristovo GOK LLC4 
Ferrexpo Belanovo GOK LLC4   
Nova Logistics Limited3 
Helogistics Holding GmbH5 
EDDSG GmbH5 
DDSG Tankschiffahrt GmbH5 
Helogistics Transport GmbH5 
Mahart Duna Cargo Kft.5 
Pancar Kft.5 

Country of  
incorporation 

Ukraine 
 Switzerland 
Ukraine 
Ukraine 
  England 
Ukraine 
China 
Ukraine 
Ukraine 
Ukraine 
Austria 
Austria 
Austria 
Austria 
  Hungary 
  Hungary 

Principal activity 

Iron ore mining 
Sale of iron ore pellets 
Trade, transportation services 
Holding company 
Finance 
Management services and procurement 
Marketing services 
Iron ore mining 
Iron ore mining 
Service company (dormant) 
Holding company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 

Equity interest 
owned at 
31 December

2010 
% 

97.3 
100.0 
97.3 
97.3 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
51.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 
100.0 

2009
%

97.3
100.0
97.3
97.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.6
98.6
51.0
–
–
–
–
–
–

1  The Group’s interest in these entities is held through Ferrexpo AG. For details in respect to the change in equity interest we refer to note 15.
2  Ferrexpo AG was the holding company of the Group until, as a result of the pre-IPO restructuring; Ferrexpo plc became the holding company on 24 May 2007.
3  The Group’s interest in these entities is held through Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation.
4  The Group’s interest in this entity is held through both Ferrexpo AG and Ferrexpo Service Limited. The shares initially held by Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation have been transferred as of 

31 August 2010 to Ferrexpo AG and Ferrexpo Services Ltd.

5  The Group’s interest in these entities are held through Ferrexpo AG. Helogistics Holding GmbH and its subsidiaries were acquired on 14 December 2010 and have been consolidated for the first 

time as of 31 December 2010. Legal completion of the acquisition occurred on 19 January 2011. The details of the business combination are disclosed in note 41.

The Group also holds an interest of 48.6% (2009: 48.6%) in TIS Ruda, a Ukrainian port located on the Black Sea. As this is an associate, it is 
accounted for using the equity method of accounting and further disclosed in note 14.

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies
Basis of preparation
The consolidated financial statements of Ferrexpo plc and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union (EU). IFRS as adopted by the EU differs in certain respects from IFRS as 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). However, the consolidated financial statements would be no different had the 
Group applied IFRS as issued by the IASB, as it applies to accounting periods ended 31 December 2010.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for post-employment benefits and available-for-
sale financial instruments, the latter measured at fair value in accordance with the requirements of IAS 39 ‘Financial instruments: Recognition 
and measurement’, the former measured in accordance with IAS 19 ‘Employee benefits’. The consolidated financial statements are presented 
in thousand of US dollars and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand except where otherwise indicated.

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

71

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
The accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are consistent with those followed in the
preparation of the Group’s annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2009, except for those changes detailed in note 3. 
Risks in relation to the facilities and re-financing are contained in the Business Review of this report.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements for Ferrexpo plc and its subsidiaries as at 31 December each  
year. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared as at the same reporting date as Ferrexpo plc’s, using consistent  
accounting policies.

Subsidiaries acquired are fully consolidated from the date of effective control, when Group obtains effective control. Similarly, subsidiaries 
disposed of are deconsolidated from the date on which the Group ceases to hold effective control.

All intercompany balances and transactions including unrealised profits arising from intra-group transactions have been eliminated in full. 
Unrealised losses are eliminated unless costs cannot be recovered.

Business combination and goodwill
Business combinations from 1 January 2010
On the acquisition of a subsidiary, the business combination is accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is 
measured as the aggregated amount of the consideration transferred, measured at the date of acquisition. The consideration paid is allocated 
to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the basis of fair values at the date of acquisition. Acquisition costs are expensed when 
incurred and included in general and administrative expenses.

If the cost of acquisition exceeds the identifiable net assets attributable to the Group, the difference is considered as purchased goodwill, 
which is not amortised but annually reviewed for impairment or in case of an indication of impairment. In the case that the identifiable net 
assets attributable to the Group exceed the cost of acquisition, the difference is recognised in profit and loss as a gain on bargain purchase. 
For each business combination, the Group measures the non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the proportionate 
share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. If the initial accounting for a business combination cannot be completed by the end of the 
reporting period in which the combination occurs, only provisional amounts are reported, which can be adjusted during the measurement 
period of 12 months after acquisition date.

After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Details to the impairment testing are given in 
section Impairment testing of assets on page 90.

Business combinations prior to 1 January 2010
The following accounting treatment was applied for business combination prior to 1 January in comparison to the above-mentioned policy: 

Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition were considered as acquisition costs and had an impact on the goodwill calculation. 
The non-controlling interest (formerly known as minority interest) was measured at the proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable  
net assets.

Business combinations achieved in stages were accounted for as separate steps and any additional acquired share of interest did affect 
either previously recognised goodwill or profit and loss in case of a bargain purchase.

Similar procedures are applied in accounting for the purchase of interests in associates.

Investments in associates
The Group’s investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. An associate is an entity in which the Group 
has significant influence and which is neither a subsidiary nor a joint venture. 

Under the equity method, the investment in the associate is carried in the statement of financial position at cost plus post-acquisition changes 
in the Group’s share of net assets of the associate. Goodwill relating to an associate is included in the carrying amount of the investment and 
is not amortised nor individually tested for impairment. After application of the equity method, the Group determines whether it is necessary to 
recognise any additional impairment loss with respect to the Group’s investment in the associate.

The share of profit of an associate is shown on the face of the income statement. This is the profit attributable to the Group and therefore is 
profit after tax and non-controlling interests in the subsidiaries of the associate.

The reporting dates of the associates and Ferrexpo plc are identical and the associates’ accounting policies are generally in conformity of 
those applied by the Group.

72

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Functional and presentational currencies
Based on the economic substance of the underlying business transactions and circumstances relevant to the parent, the functional currency 
of the parent has been determined to be the US dollar, with each subsidiary determining its own functional currency based on its own 
circumstances. The Group has chosen the US dollar as its presentation currency and Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation (the principal 
subsidiary) has determined that its functional currency is Ukrainian hryvnia.

Foreign currency translation
For individual subsidiary Company accounts, transactions in foreign currencies (i.e. other than the functional currency) are recorded at the rate 
ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency 
at the rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date and non-monetary assets and liabilities at the historic rate. Foreign exchange differences 
arising on translation are recognised in the income statement.

For presentation of Group consolidated accounts, if the functional currency of a subsidiary is different to the presentation currency as at the 
reporting date, the assets and liabilities of this entity are translated into the presentation currency at the rate ruling at the reporting date and 
the income statement is translated using the average exchange rate for the period. The foreign exchange differences arising are taken directly 
to a separate component of equity. On disposal of a foreign entity the deferred cumulative amount recognised in equity relating to the 
particular foreign operation is recognised in the income statement.

Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably 
measured. The following specific recognition criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods including pellet sales 
Revenue is recognised when the risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer and can be reliably measured. 

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods provided in 
the normal course of business, net of discounts, customs duties and sales taxes. Risks and rewards of the ownership of goods passes when 
title for the goods passes to the customer as determined by the terms of the sales agreement. The sales are typically made under the 
following terms:
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >

CIF (Cargo Insurance and Freight);
CFR (Cargo and Freight);
DAF (Delivery At Frontier);
DES (Delivered Ex Ship); or
FOB (Free on Board).

Under the CFR and FOB terms the title passes on the bill of lading date whereas under the other terms revenue is recognised when goods 
arrive at agreed destination or at boarder crossing.

If the sales agreement allows for adjustment of the sales prices based on survey of the goods by the customer (e.g. ore content) the revenue is 
recognised based on the most recent determined product specification.

Other sales
Other sales include the processing and sale of ore and ore concentrate, the sale of parts, materials and crushed rocks and the repair and 
rental of railway wagons.

Logistic services
Revenue from logistic services rendered is recognised as the services are completed. Where services are invoiced in advance of discharge, 
amounts attributable to the time between the end of the reporting period and the discharge date are deferred. 

Rendering of services
Revenue from the rendering of services is recognised when services are complete. Sales of services primarily include repairs and spare parts, 
canteen revenue and recharges to local customers for electricity consumption and railway usage.

Rental income
Rental income arising from operating leases is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms.

Foreign exchange gains and losses
Foreign exchange gains and losses are reported on a net basis. Operating foreign exchange gains and losses are those items that are directly 
related to the production and sale of pellets (e.g. trade receivables, trade payables on operating expenditure). Non-operating gains and losses 
are those associated with the Group’s financing and treasury activities (e.g. interest-bearing loans, cash and cash equivalents).

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

73

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Finance income and expense
Finance income comprises interest income on funds invested. Interest income is recognised as it accrues in the income statement using the 
effective interest method.

Finance expenses comprise the interest expense on borrowings and other financial liabilities.

Taxes
Current income tax
Current tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount estimated to be recovered from or paid to the 
taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the 
reporting date.

Deferred income tax
Deferred income tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax bases of assets and 
liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, if it is probable that they become taxable, except:
 >

where the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business 
combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and
in respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, where 
the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in 
the foreseeable future.

 >

Deferred income tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax 
losses, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry 
forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised, except:
 >

where the deferred income tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability 
in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit 
or loss; and
in respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests in joint ventures, 
deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future 
and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised.

 >

The carrying amount of deferred income tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable 
that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred income tax asset to be utilised. Unrecognised deferred income 
tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will 
allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realised or the 
liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Income tax relating to items recognised directly in equity is recognised in equity and not in the income statement.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax 
liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Value added tax
Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of value added tax (‘VAT’), except:
 >

where VAT incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case VAT is recognised as 
part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of expense item as applicable; and
receivables and payables are stated with the amount of VAT included.

 >

The net amount of VAT recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is disclosed in the note 27 to the financial statements. 

VAT receivable balances are not discounted unless the overdue balances are expected to be received after more than 12 months following  
the period end. Where intentions have been communicated officially that VAT repayments which are due are to be converted into bonds  
or other financial instruments, these are valued at the estimated market value of such instruments with any adjustment charged to the  
income statement.

74

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Equity
Ordinary Shares
Ordinary Shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of Ordinary Shares and share options are 
recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

Employee benefit trust reserve
Ferrexpo plc shares held by the Group are classified in capital and reserves as the ‘employee benefit trust reserve’ and recognised at cost. 
Consideration received for the sale of such shares is also recognised in equity, with any difference between the proceeds from sale and the 
original cost taken to revenue reserves. No gain or loss is recognised on the purchase, issue or cancellation of equity shares.

Treasury shares
Own equity instruments which are reacquired (treasury shares) are recognised at cost and deducted from equity. No gain or loss is 
recognised in the income statement on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Group’s own equity instruments. Any difference 
between the carrying amount and the consideration is recognised in other capital reserves.

Financial assets
Derivative financial instruments
The Group does not hold any derivative financial instruments.

Non-derivative financial instruments
Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments in equity and debt securities (promissory notes), trade and other receivables, cash 
and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings and trade and other payables. Non-derivative financial instruments are recognised at fair value 
(being the fair value of the consideration given or received) plus any directly attributable transaction costs.

All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on the trade date (i.e. the date that the Group commits to purchase or 
sell the asset). Regular way purchases or sales are those that require delivery of assets within the period generally established by regulation or 
convention in the marketplace.

The Group has not designated any financial assets as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL).

Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Such 
assets are carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognised in income when the loans and 
receivables are derecognised or impaired along with the amortisation process.

Available-for-sale financial assets
All investment, except for investments in associates, are accounted for as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale financial assets are those 
non-derivative financial assets that are designated as available-for-sale or are not classified as loans or receivables, held-to-maturity 
investments or financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL).

After initial measurement, available-for-sale financial investments are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealised gains or losses 
recognised as other comprehensive income in the available-for-sale reserve until the investment is derecognised. At this time the cumulative 
gain or loss is recognised in other operating income, or determined to be impaired, at which time the cumulative loss is recognised in the 
income statement in finance costs and removed from the available-for-sale reserve.

The fair value of investments that are actively traded in organised financial markets is determined by reference to quoted market bid prices at 
the close of business on the reporting date. For investments where there is no active market, the fair value is determined using discounted 
cash flow analysis.

Other
Other non-derivative financial instruments are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method less any impairment losses.

Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are recognised and initially measured at cost. Subsequently, instruments with a fixed maturity are remeasured at 
amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any transaction costs and any 
discount or premium on settlement. Financial liabilities which do not have a fixed maturity are subsequently carried at fair value.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

75

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Interest bearing loans and borrowings
All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received less directly attributable transaction costs. After 
initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 
Gains and losses are recognised in the income statement when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the amortisation process.

Impairment of financial assets
The Group assesses at each reporting date whether a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired.

Assets carried at amortised cost
If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on loans and receivables carried at amortised cost has been incurred, the amount of the 
loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future 
credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate (i.e. the effective interest rate 
computed at initial recognition). The carrying amount of the asset is reduced either directly or through use of an allowance account. The 
amount of the loss is recognised in the income statement.

The Group first assesses whether objective evidence of impairment exists individually for financial assets that are individually significant, and 
individually or collectively for financial assets that are not individually significant. If it is determined that no objective evidence of impairment 
exists for an individually assessed financial asset, whether significant or not, the asset is included in a group of financial assets with similar 
credit risk characteristics and that group of financial assets is collectively assessed for impairment. Assets that are individually assessed for 
impairment and for which an impairment loss is or continues to be recognised are not included in a collective assessment of impairment.

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring 
after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed. Any subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is 
recognised in the income statement to the extent that the carrying value of the asset does not exceed its amortised cost at the reversal date.

Available-for-sale financial assets
For available-for-sale financial investments, the Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that an investment 
or a group of investments is impaired.

In the case of equity investments classified as available-for-sale, objective evidence would include a significant or prolonged decline in the fair 
value of the investment below its cost. Where there is evidence of impairment, the cumulative loss (measured as the difference between the 
acquisition cost and the current fair value, less any impairment loss on that investment previously recognised in the income statement) is 
removed from other comprehensive income and recognised in the income statement. 

Impairment losses on equity investments are not reversed through the income statement; increases in their fair value after impairment are 
recognised directly in other comprehensive income.

Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date, i.e. 
whether fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the 
asset, even it that right is not specified in an arrangement.

Group as a lessee
Finance leases, which transfer to the Group substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalised at 
the commencement of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. 
Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on 
the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are recognised in the income statement.

Leased assets are depreciated over the useful life of the asset. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain 
ownership by the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Group as a lessor
Leases in which the Group does not transfer substantially all the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset are classified as operating 
leases. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised over 
the lease term on the same bases as rental income. Contingent rents are recognised as revenue in the period in which they are earned.

76

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of 
time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the respective assets. All other borrowing costs are 
expensed in the period they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing 
of funds.

The Group capitalises borrowing costs for all qualifying assets where construction was commenced on or after 1 January 2009. All other 
borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and/or accumulated impairment losses, if any. Such cost 
includes the cost of replacing part of the property, plant and equipment and borrowing costs for long-term construction projects if the 
recognition criteria are met. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of 
production overheads. 

Upon recognition, items of property, plant and equipment are divided into components, which represent items with a significant value that can 
be allocated to a separate depreciation period. Overhaul costs also represent a component of an asset. Assets are initially recognised in 
assets under construction and then transferred to the appropriate categories on completion.

Major spare parts and stand-by equipment qualify as property, plant and equipment when they are expected to be used during more than 
one period. Expenditure incurred after the assets have been put into operation, such as repairs and maintenance and overhaul costs, are 
normally charged to the income statement in the period the costs are incurred. In situations where it can be clearly demonstrated that the 
expenditure results in future economic benefits, the expenditure is capitalised as an additional cost.

Property, plant and equipment is depreciated over its estimated useful life which is calculated with due regard to both its own physical life 
limitations and the present assessment of economically recoverable reserves of the mine property at which the item is located. Estimates of 
remaining useful lives are made on a regular basis for all mine buildings, machinery and equipment, with annual reassessments for major 
items. Changes in estimates, which affect unit of production calculations, are accounted for prospectively. 

Except for mining assets which are depreciated using the unit of production method, depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over 
the estimated useful life of the asset, as follows:
 >
 >
 >
 >
 >

Buildings:  
Vessels:  
Plant and equipment: 3–15 years
Vehicles:  
7–15 years
Fixtures and fittings:  2.5–10 years

20–50 years
30–40 years

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the 
continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal 
proceeds and the carrying amount of the item) is included in the income statement in the year the item is derecognised.

Assets in the course of construction are capitalised as a separate component of property, plant and equipment. On completion, the cost of 
construction is transferred to the appropriate category. Assets under construction are not depreciated.

On acquisition the cost of property, plant and equipment is capitalised on the statement of financial position. Depreciation commences when 
the item is available for use. Freehold land is not depreciated.

Stripping costs included in mining assets and assets under construction
Stripping costs in relation to mine exploration, evaluation and development costs incurred up to the commencement of the production  
are included in assets under construction. Stripping work comprises overburden removed at the pre-production, mine extension and 
production stages. 

After the commencement of production, the respective pre-production stripping costs are transferred to mining assets and depreciated using 
the unit of production method based on the estimated economically recoverable reserves to which they relate.

The production stripping costs are generally charged to the income statement as variable production costs. The production stripping costs 
are only capitalised if the stripping activities are related to a betterment of the mining property and the duration of the future benefits is 
ascertained without a high degree of judgement. If capitalised, the production stripping costs are included in mining assets and depreciated 
using the same methodology as for the capitalised pre-production stripping costs (see above).

The cost of removal of the waste material during a mine’s production phase is expensed as incurred.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

77

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Intangible assets
Goodwill
The policies applied for the initial recognition and subsequent measurement of goodwill is described under Goodwill and other intangible 
assets and Business combination on page 90 and page 117 respectively. 

Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of other intangible assets acquired in a 
business combination is its fair value as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any 
accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses, if any.

The useful lives of other intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. 

Amortisation
Other intangible assets, other than goodwill, primarily comprise capitalised software costs, which are amortised on a straight-line basis over 
the estimated useful life of the asset, ranging between one and three years.

Capitalised mineral licences are amortised on a unit of production basis.

Impairment of assets (excluding financial assets) 
The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any such indication exists, or 
when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group makes an estimate of the asset’s recoverable amount. If the carrying 
amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In 
assessing value-in-use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a market-determined pre-tax discount rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. Impairment losses of continuing 
operations are recognised in the income statement. Refer to note 20 for details on the impairment testing of goodwill.

An assessment is made at each reporting date as to whether there is any indication that previously recognised impairment losses may no 
longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated. A previously recognised impairment loss is 
reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss 
was recognised. If that is the case the carrying amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount. That increased amount cannot 
exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in 
prior years. Such reversal is recognised in the income statement. After such a reversal the depreciation charge is adjusted in future periods to 
allocate the asset’s revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life.

An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent period.

Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

Costs incurred in bringing each product to its present location and condition is accounted for as follows:
 >
 >

Raw materials – at cost on a first-in, first-out basis.
Finished goods and work in progress – at cost of direct materials and labour and a proportion of manufacturing overheads based on 
normal operating capacity, but excluding borrowing costs.

The net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated 
costs necessary to make the sale.

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an 
outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount 
of the obligation. 

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the 
reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash 
flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows. Where discounting is used, the 
increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is 
recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

78

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Site restoration costs
Site restoration provisions are made in respect of the estimated future costs of closure and restoration and for environmental rehabilitation 
costs (determined by an independent expert) in the accounting period when the related environmental disturbance occurs. The provision  
is discounted, if material, and the unwinding of the discount is included in finance costs. At the time of establishing the provision, a 
corresponding asset is capitalised where it gives rise to a future benefit and depreciated over future production from the mine to which  
it relates. 

The provision is reviewed on an annual basis for changes in cost estimates, discount rates or the life of operations.

Pension obligations and other employee benefits
The Group makes defined contributions to the Ukrainian state pension scheme at the statutory rates in effect during the year, based on gross 
salary payments; such expense is charged in the period the related salaries are earned.

In addition, the Group has a legal obligation to compensate the Ukrainian State Pension Fund for additional pensions paid to certain 
categories of the current and former employees of the Group. These obligations being unfunded are substantially similar to those typically 
existing under an unfunded defined benefit plan. 

The Group also makes contributions to the defined benefit pension fund for employees of Ferrexpo AG.

Costs relating to these plans are accrued in the consolidated financial statements using the projected unit credit method in respect of those 
employees entitled to such payments. Management uses actuarial techniques in calculating the liability related to this retirement obligation at 
each reporting date.

Gains and losses resulting from the use of external actuarial valuation methodologies are recognised when the cumulative unrecognised 
actuarial gains or losses for the scheme exceed 10% of the defined benefit obligation for unfunded plans and the higher of planned assets/
obligation for funded schemes (corridor approach). These gains or losses are recognised as income or expense over the expected average 
remaining working lives of the employees participating in the plan.

The past service cost is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.  
If the benefits are already vested immediately following the introduction of, or changes to, a pension plan, the past service cost is  
recognised immediately.

The defined benefit liability is the aggregate of the present value of the defined benefit obligation and actuarial gains and losses not recognised 
reduced by the past service cost not yet recognised.

Earnings per share
The basic number of Ordinary Shares is calculated based on the weighted average number of shares in issue, excluding shares held  
in treasury.

For the current and prior year periods, basic EPS is calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to ordinary equity shareholders 
of Ferrexpo plc by the number of Ordinary Shares as defined above. The number of Ordinary Shares in issue excludes the shares held by the 
Employee Benefit Trust and the treasury shares held by the Group. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the number of 
Ordinary Shares in issue on the assumption of conversion of all potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares. All share awards are potentially dilutive 
and have been included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.

Share-based payments
Equity-settled transactions
The cost of equity-settled transactions with employees is measured by reference to the fair value at the grant date and is recognised as an 
expense over the vesting period, which ends on the date on which the relevant employees become fully entitled to the award. Fair value is 
determined by reference to the quoted closing share price on the grant date.

In valuing equity-settled transactions, no account is taken of any vesting conditions, except for market conditions.

No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest, except for awards where vesting is dependent upon a market condition. In 
these cases, the awards are treated as vesting irrespective of whether or not the market condition is satisfied, provided that all other 
performance conditions are satisfied.

At each reporting date before vesting, the cumulative expense is calculated; representing the extent to which the vesting period has expired 
and management’s best estimate of the achievement or otherwise of non-market conditions and of the number of equity instruments that will 
ultimately vest. The movement in cumulative expense since the previous reporting date is recognised in the income statement, with a 
corresponding entry in equity.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

79

Note 2: Summary of significant accounting policies continued
Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIPs)
The LTIPs are share-based schemes whereby certain senior management and executives receive rewards based on the relative Total 
Shareholder Return (TSR) outperformance of the Group compared with a group of companies, which operate within a similar environment. 
The cost of equity-settled awards is measured as described above together with an estimate of future social security contributions payable in 
respect of this value. Where the granting of an LTIP is subject to the satisfaction of certain market conditions, a vesting charge is recognised 
irrespective of whether or not the market condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance conditions are satisfied.

Where awards terminate before the performance period is complete, any unamortised expense is recognised immediately.

Note 3: New accounting policies
The Group adopted the following new and amended standards as at 1 January 2010:

Standards affecting the reported results and financial positions
IFRS 3 Business combinations 
The revised standard was issued in January 2008 and became effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 July 2009. Changes affect 
the valuation of non-controlling interest, the accounting for transaction costs, the initial and subsequent measurement of a contingent 
consideration and business combinations achieved in stages. Its adoption has affected the accounting for the business combination in the 
current period and the acquisition costs incurred have been expensed and included in administrative expenses. 

In the current period, the changes contained in IFRS 3 have affected the accounting for the acquisition of Helogistics Group and its 
subsidiaries. Acquisition related costs amounting to US$1,624 thousand have been expensed when incurred this reduced the amount of 
goodwill resulting from this transaction by this amount.

IAS 27 – Consolidated and separate financial statements
The revised standard was issued in January 2008 and became effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 July 2009. The changes of 
the revised standard affect the Group’s accounting policies regarding changes in ownership interests in its subsidiaries that do not result in a 
change in control. Under the revised standard, all such increases or decreases are dealt with in equity, with no impact on goodwill or profit  
or loss. 

The transfer of the shareholdings in Ferrexpo Yeristovo GOK LLC and Ferrexpo Belanovo GOK LLC from Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation 
to Ferrexpo AG resulted in a decrease of the non-controlling interests in these subsidiaries. Due to the change of IAS 27, the effect of US$147 
thousand from the decrease of the non-controlling interests has been recognised directly in equity.

Standards and interpretations adopted with no effect on reported results, financial position and disclosure
IFRS 2 – Share-based payment – group cash-settled share-based payment transactions 
The amendment to the standard was issued in June 2009 and became effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2010.  
The amendment clarifies the accounting for group cash-settled share-based payment transactions and supersedes IFRIC 8 and IFRIC 11.  
The adoption of this amendment did not have any impact on the reported results, financial position and disclosures.

IAS 28 – Investments in associates 
The revised standard was issued in May 2008 and became effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 July 2009. The principle 
adopted under IAS 27 – Consolidated and separate financial statements that a loss of control is recognised as a disposal and reacquisition of 
any retained interest at fair value is extended by consequential amendment to IAS 28. Therefore, when significant influence is lost, the investor 
measures any investment retained in the former associate at fair value, with any consequential gain or loss recognised in profit or loss. The 
adoption of the revised standard did not have any impact on the reported results, financial position and disclosures.

IFRIC 17 Distribution of non-cash assets to owners 
This interpretation is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009 and provides guidance on how to account for non-cash 
distributions to owners. The interpretation clarifies when to recognise a liability, how to measure it and the associated assets, and when to 
derecognise the asset and liability. The adoption of the interpretation did not have any impact on the reported results, financial position  
and disclosures.

IFRIC 18 Transfers of assets from customers
The new interpretation is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009 and clarifies the requirements of IFRSs for agreements 
in which an entity receives from a customer an item of property, plant, and equipment that the entity must then use either to connect the 
customer to a network or to provide the customer with ongoing access to a supply of goods or services. The adoption of the interpretation 
did not have any impact on the reported results, financial position and disclosures.

80

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 3: New accounting policies continued
New standards and interpretations not yet adopted
The Group has elected not to early adopt the following revised and amended standards:

IAS 24 Related party disclosures
The amended standard was issued in November 2009 and becomes effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2011. The 
revised standard introduces a partial exemption of disclosure requirements for government-related parties and clarifies the definition of a 
related party to simplify the identification of such relationships and to eliminate inconsistencies in the application. The Group does not expect 
any impact on its financial position or performance and does not intend to take advantage of the possibility of an early adoption.

IAS 32 Financial instruments: presentation – classification of rights issues 
The amendment to IAS 32 on the classification of rights issues has been issued in October 2009 and is effective for annual periods beginning 
on or after 1 February 2011. For rights issues offered for a fixed amount of foreign currency current practice appears to require such issues to 
be accounted for as derivative liabilities. The amendment states that if such rights are issued pro rata to an entity’s all existing shareholders in 
the same class for a fixed amount of currency, they should be classified as equity regardless of the currency in which the exercise price is 
denominated. This amendment will have no impact on the Group after initial application and will be adopted by Group for the Group’s 
reporting financial statements for the period beginning 1 January 2012.

IFRS 9 Financial instruments: classification and measurement
The IASB has issued the first phase of IFRS 9 that will replace IAS 39. The new standard applies to classification and measurement of financial 
assets as defined in IAS 39. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013. The adoption of the first phase 
of IFRS 9 might have an effect on the classification and measurement of the Group’s financial assets. The Group will quantify the effect in 
conjunction with the other phases, when issued, to present a comprehensive picture. The IASB will address classification and measurement 
of financial liabilities, hedge accounting and derecognition in separate phases and the completion of the new standard is expected to be in 
early 2011.

IFRIC 14 Prepayment of a minimum funding requirement 
The amendment to IFRIC 14 is effective for financial years beginning on or after 1 January 2011 and will have to respectively applied. The 
amendment provides guidance on assessing the recoverable amount of net pension assets and permits an entity to treat the prepayment of a 
minimum funding requirement as asset. The future application of this amendment is deemed to have no impact on the financial statements of 
the Group.

IFRIC 19 Extinguishing financial liabilities with equity instruments 
IFRIC 19 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 July 2010. The new interpretation addresses the accounting by the entity that 
issues equity instruments in order to settle, in full or in part, a financial liability. The adoption of this interpretation will have no effect on the 
financial statements of the Group.

Note 4: Use of estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions  
that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on  
information available as at the date of authorising the consolidated financial statements for issue. Actual results, therefore, could differ  
from those estimates.

In particular, information about significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgements made by management in preparing the 
consolidated financial information are described in the following notes:

Property, plant and equipment
The determination of fair value and value-in-use requires management to make estimates and assumptions about expected production and 
sales volumes, commodity prices (considering current and historical prices, price trends and related factors), reserves, operating costs, 
closure and rehabilitation costs and future capital expenditure. These estimates and assumptions are subject to risk and uncertainty; hence 
there is a possibility that changes in circumstances will alter these projections, which may impact the recoverable amount of the assets.  
In such circumstances, some or all of the carrying value of the assets may be impaired and the impairment would be charged against the 
income statement. The total of property, plant and equipment amounted to US$647,137 thousand as of 31 December 2010 (2009: 
US$452,100 thousand).

Pre-production stripping costs
Overburden and other mine waste materials have to be removed prior to the production of the mine in order to become access to the iron ore 
body. These activities are referred to as pre-production stripping costs and are capitalised under assets under construction. The pre-
production stripping costs are capitalised based on calculations which require the use of judgement and estimates in terms of estimated 
tonnage of overburden and waste material to be removed during the life time of the mine and the expected recoverable reserves that can be 
extracted. The change of the mine plan (life and design) in the future may result in changes to the expected stripping ratio (waste to mineral 
reserves ratio) and require adjustment of the capitalised pre-production stripping costs. At 31 December 2010, the carrying amount of 
capitalised pre-production stripping costs was US$61,243 thousand (2009: US$23,337 thousand).

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

81

Note 4: Use of estimates continued
Impairment testing of goodwill and intangible assets
As outlined in note 20 the impairment testing of goodwill is based on significant judgements and assumptions made by the management 
when performing the annual impairment testing of these non-current assets. Changes to be made to these assumptions may alter the results 
of the impairment testing, the impairment charges recorded in profit or loss and the resulting carrying values of the non-current assets tested. 
The carrying amount of the goodwill amounted to US$98,747 thousand as of 31 December 2010 (2009: US$94,459 thousand).

Fair value of financial instruments
Where the fair value of financial assets and liabilities recorded in the statement of financial position cannot be derived from active markets, 
they are determined using valuation techniques including the discounted cash flow model. The inputs to these models are taken from 
observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. The 
judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could 
affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. Detailed information on the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities are given in 
note 38.

Defined benefit pension liability
The valuation for defined benefit superannuation schemes requires management to make judgements as to the nature of benefits provided by 
each scheme and thereby determine the classification of each scheme. For defined benefit schemes, management is required to make 
annual estimates and assumptions about future returns on classes of scheme assets, future remuneration changes, employee attrition rates, 
administration costs, changes in benefits, inflation rates, exchange rates, life expectancy and expected remaining periods of service of 
employees. In making these estimates and assumptions, management considers advice provided by external advisers, such as actuaries. At 
31 December 2010, the carrying amount of defined benefit pension liability was US$17,819 thousand (2009: US$14,529 thousand).

Provision for site restoration
The Group’s accounting policy for the recognition of site restoration provisions requires significant estimates and assumptions such as: 
requirements of the relevant legal and regulatory framework; the magnitude of possible contamination and the timing, extent and estimated 
future costs of required closure and rehabilitation activity. These uncertainties may result in future actual expenditure differing from the 
amounts currently provided. At 31 December 2010, the carrying amount of the provision for site restoration amounted to US$2,746 thousand 
(2009: US$1,268 thousand).

Deferred income tax
The Group’s accounting policy for taxation requires management’s judgement in assessing whether deferred tax assets and certain deferred 
tax liabilities are recognised on the statement of financial position. Deferred tax assets, including those arising from unrecouped tax losses, 
capital losses and temporary differences, are recognised only where it is considered more likely than not that they will be recovered, which is 
dependent on the expected generation of sufficient future taxable profits.. A deviation between expected and effective future taxable profits in 
the different local jurisdictions may have an adverse impact on the recognised deferred tax balances in the consolidated financial statements 
of the Group. 

Assumptions about the generation of expected future taxable profits depend on management’s estimates of future cash flows. These depend 
on estimates of future production and sales volumes, commodity prices, reserves, operating costs, closure and rehabilitation costs, capital 
expenditure, dividends and other capital management transactions. Judgements are also required about the application of income tax 
legislation. These judgements and assumptions are subject to risk and uncertainty, hence there is a possibility that changes in circumstances 
will alter expectations, which may impact the amount of recognised deferred tax balances in the consolidated financial statement of the Group 
and the amounts of other tax losses and temporary differences not yet recognised. In such circumstances, some, or all, of the carrying 
amount of recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities may require adjustment, resulting in a corresponding credit or charge to the income 
statement. At 31 December 2010, the Group’s consolidated financial statements showed deferred tax assets of US$16,596 thousand (2009: 
US$13,673 thousand) and deferred tax liabilities of US$2,432 thousand (2009: US$3,739 thousand).

Note 5: Segment information
The Group is managed as a single entity which produces, develops and markets its principal product – iron ore pellets – for sale to the 
metallurgical industry. In December 2010, the Group acquired a logistics company engaged in the transport of bulk commodities and liquids 
through the Rhine Danube corridor in Europe and the provision of bunkering fuel services on the same routes. The management of the Group 
monitors the operating results of the pellet and logistics business separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation 
and performance assessment. In accordance with IFRS 8 Operating Segments, the Group presents its results in a single segment which are 
disclosed in the income statement for the Group. The acquired logistics business is below the quantitative thresholds requiring separate 
disclosure as set by the standard and its revenue and result for the year is immaterial.

The management monitors the operating result of the Group based on a number of measures including EBITDA, ‘C1’ costs and the net 
financial indebtedness.

82

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 5: Segment information continued
EBITDA
The Group calculates EBITDA as profit from continuing operations before tax and finance plus depreciation and amortisation (included in cost 
of sales, administrative expenses and selling and distribution costs) and non-recurring cash items included in other income and other 
expenses plus the net of gains and losses from disposal of investments and property, plant and equipment. The Group presents EBITDA 
because it believes that EBITDA is a useful measure for evaluating its ability to generate cash and its operating performance.

US$000 

Profit before tax and finance 
Under recovery of VAT receivable 
Write-offs and impairment losses 
Losses/(gains) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Initial public offering costs 
Share-based payments 
Gain on bargain purchase 
Depreciation and amortisation   

EBITDA 

Notes 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

27 
13 

39 
39 
15/41 

542,225 
10,936 –
1,618 
1,305 
55 
1,366 
(2,623) 
30,415 

104,227

2,757
(213)
427
3,423
(503)
28,018

585,297 

138,136

‘C1’ costs
‘C1’ costs represent the cash costs of production of iron pellets from own ore divided by production volume of own ore, and excludes 
non-cash costs such as depreciation, pension costs and inventory movements, costs of purchased ore, concentrate and production cost of 
gravel and excludes one-off items which are outside the definition of EBITDA.

US$000 
Cost of sales – pellets production 
Depreciation and amortisation   
Purchased ore and concentrate 
Processing costs for purchased ore and concentrate 
Production cost of gravel 
Inventory movements 
Pension service costs 
Other 

C1 cost 
Own ore produced (tonnes) 
C1 cash cost per tonne (US$) 

Year ended  
31.12.10 
481,857 
(24,662) 
(101,351) 
(11,042) 
(88) 
18,608 
(2,049) 
(2,754) 

Year ended
31.12.09
341,067
(23,370)
(8,914)
(1,206)
(357)
(10,543)
(1,857)
1,662

358,519 

296,482
  9,033,000  8,609,200
34.44

39.69 

Net financial indebtedness
Net financial indebtedness as defined by the Group comprises cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, interest bearing loans and 
borrowings and amounts payable for equipment.

US$000 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Current borrowings 
Non-current borrowings 

Net financial indebtedness   

Notes 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

28 
30 
30 

319,470 
(22,563) 
(401,290) 

11,991
(251,503)
(18,143)

(104,384) 

(257,655)

Disclosure of revenue and non-current assets
The Group does not generate significant revenues from external customers attributable to the country of domicile. The information on the 
revenues from external customers attributed to the individual foreign countries is given in note 6. 

The Group does not have any significant non-current assets that are located in the country of domicile of the Group. The vast majority of the 
non-current assets are located in Ukraine.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

83

Note 6: Revenue
Revenue for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Revenue from sales of iron ore pellets and concentrate: 
Export 
Ukraine 

Total revenue from sale of iron ore pellets and concentrate   
Revenue from services provided 
Revenue from other sales 

Total revenue 

Export sales of iron ore pellets and concentrate by geographical destination were as follows:

US$000 

Austria 
China 
Serbia 
Slovakia 
Czech Republic 
Turkey 
Japan 
Germany 
Hungary 
India 
Other 

Total exports 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

  1,288,665 
453 

612,829
34,483

  1,289,118 
674 
5,108 

647,312
790
565

  1,294,900 

648,667

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

405,511 
320,572 
156,806 
143,478 
99,235 
62,166 
45,318 
24,833 
16,575 
14,153 
18 

105,690
241,882
84,193
77,537
21,293
39,272
5,027
5,573
6,539
21,225
4,598

  1,288,665 

612,829

During the year ended 31 December 2010 sales made to three customers accounted for approximately 62.5% of the sales revenue 
(2009: 51.9%).

Sales made to two customers individually amounted to more than 10% of the total sales. These are disclosed below:

US$000 

Customer A 
Customer B 

Note 7: Cost of sales
Cost of sales for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Materials 
Purchased ore and concentrate 
Electricity 
Personnel costs 
Spare parts and consumables   
Depreciation and amortisation   
Fuel 
Gas 
Repairs and maintenance 
Royalties and levies 
Inventory movements 
Other 

Total cost of sales 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

405,511 
300,284 

105,690
161,730

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

67,661 
101,351 
101,528 
47,930 
16,616 
24,662 
31,299 
48,236 
45,230 
8,489 
(18,608) 
7,463 

60,607
8,914
81,438
41,670
13,007
23,370
23,969
28,744
38,503
6,484
10,543
3,818

481,857 

341,067

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
84

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 8: Selling and distribution expenses
Selling and distribution expenses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Railway transportation 
Other transportation and port charges 
Agent fees 
Custom duties 
Advertising 
Personnel cost 
Depreciation 
Other 

Total selling and distribution expenses  

Note 9: General and administrative expenses
General and administrative expenses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Personnel costs 
Buildings and maintenance 
Taxes other than income tax and other charges 
Consulting and other professional fees 
Depreciation and amortisation   
Communication 
Vehicles maintenance and fuel   
Repairs 
Audit fees 
Non-audit fees 
Security 
Other 

Total general and administrative expenses 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

81,451 
115,640 
2,490 
2,562 
3,472 
1,329 
1,757 
3,305 

69,477
80,998
799
1,423
2,757
1,055
1,581
4,176

212,006 

162,266

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

26,362 
2,475 
1,581 
4,840 
3,867 
899 
1,222 
815 
1,094 
1,395 
1,613 
3,012 

23,933
2,391
3,930
2,731
2,534
529
854
1,041
1,112
184
1,659
2,263

49,175 

43,161

Auditor remuneration
Auditor remuneration paid in respect of the audit of the financial statements of the Group and its subsidiary companies and for the provision of 
other services not in connection with the audit is disclosed below:

US$000 

Audit services 
Ferrexpo plc Annual Report 
Subsidiary entities1 

Total audit services 

Non-audit services 
Tax advisory 
Assurance related services 
Other services2 

Total non-audit services 

Total auditor remuneration   

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

680 
414 

628
484

1,094 

1,112

80 
102 
1,213 

1,395 

2,489 

154
–
30

184

1,296

1  The agreed fees for audit servicices in relation to Helogistics are not included due to the first consolidation as of 31 December 2010. The agreed fees of US$246 thousand is however included in 

the amount of the liabilities assumed for the acquired group. See note 41 for further details.

2  Other services include fees paid for due diligence services and assurance services related to raising new debts for the Group.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

85

Note 10: Other income
Other income for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Sale of surplus maintenance spares 
Lease income 
Reversal of fines and penalties   
Refunds from social security institutions 
Other income 

Total other income 

Note 11: Other expenses
Other expenses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Charitable donations 
Movements in allowance for doubtful receivables 
Research 
Other personnel costs  
Other  

Total other expenses 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

2,909 
762 
– 
– 
844 

4,515 

867
670
4
1,735
826

4,102

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

4,418 
(3,685) 
658 
1,551 
2,996 

4,043
(5,199)
1
830
3,743

5,938 

3,418

The allowance for doubtful receivables relates to receivables from certain customers in Russia and other former CIS countries recorded in the 
financial year 2008. Following a stabilisation in the markets during the latter part of the financial year 2009 as well as as during the financial 
year 2010 the recorded allowance has been partially released in both reporting periods.

Note 12: Foreign exchange gains and losses

US$000 

Operating foreign exchange (losses)/gains 
Revaluation of trade receivables 
Revaluation of trade payables 

Total operating foreign exchange (losses)/gains   

Non-operating foreign exchange losses 
Revaluation of interest-bearing loans 
Revaluation of cash and cash equivalents 
Other 

Total non-operating foreign exchange losses 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

222 
(1,300) 

(1,078) 

1,818
716

2,534

258 
(767) 
(3,379) 

(1,639)
84
(997)

(3,888) 

(2,552)

Other non-operating foreign exchange losses in 2010 were principally related to the revaluation of income tax payables in Swiss francs. 

Note 13: Write-offs and impairment losses
Impairment losses relate to adjustments made against the carrying value of assets where this is higher than the recoverable amount. 
Write-offs and impairment losses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

(Reversals)/write-off of inventories 
(Reversals)/write-off of property, plant and equipment   
Impairment of available-for-sale assets 

Total write-offs and impairment losses 

Notes 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

21 

(254) 
(251) 
2,123 

1,618 

144
717
1,896

2,757

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
86

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 14: Investments in associates
As at 31 December 2010 investments in associates comprised:

TIS Ruda 

Principal activity 

Country of  
incorporation 

Ownership 
% 

As at 
31.12.10 
US$000  

As at
31.12.09
US$000

Port development 

Ukraine 

48.6 

21,132 

19,915

For the year ended 31 December 2010 the summarised financial information for the associate was as follows:

US$000 

TIS Ruda 

Total assets 

| 

Total liabilities 

| 

Revenue 

| 

Net profit

As at  
31.12.10 

As at 
31.12.09 

As at 
31.12.10 

As at 
31.12.09 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended 
31.12.09 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

26,648 

27,187 

1,840 

4,837 

18,486 

20,147 

8,326 

2,614

The information above is for 100% of the associate named and not as a percentage based on Group’s ownership. The movement in the 
investment in the year represents the Group’s share of profit of US$4,155 thousand in TIS Ruda (2009: US$1,304 thousand). TIS Ruda paid a 
dividend amounting to US$2,931 thousand during the financial year 2010 (2009: nil).

TIS Ruda operates a port on the Black Sea which the Group uses as part of its distribution channel.

Note 15: Bargain purchase
A bargain purchase arose from the acquisition of Helogistics in 2010 and as a result of equity transactions in Ferrexpo Poltava GOK 
Corporation during the prior period.

Acquisition of Helogistics
As outlined in detail in note 41, the acquisition of Helogistics resulted in a bargain purchase of US$2,623 thousand in 2010 representing the 
difference between the fair value of the net assets acquired and the purchase consideration, not including the costs of acquisition which are 
expensed in the income statement.

Treasury shares in Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation
In 2009, treasury shares of Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation were transferred to Ferrexpo AG resulting in an increase of the shareholding 
from 97.1% to 97.3%. This transaction resulted in a bargain purchase of US$503 thousand which is included in profit or loss. The Group did 
not early adopt IAS 27 Consolidated and separate financial statements for the financial year 2009 so that the effect from change in ownership 
was reflected in profit and loss and not in equity as it would be required with under the revised standard.

Note 16: Finance income and expense
Finance income and expenses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Finance income 
Interest income 
Other finance revenue  

Total finance income 

Finance expense 
Interest expense on financial liabilities measured at amortised cost  
Interest on defined benefit plans 
Bank charges 
Other finance costs 

Total finance expenses 

Net finance expense 

Bank charges include arrangement fees charged in relation to the Group’s major bank debt facility. 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

1,357 
1,275 

2,632 

1,894
999

2,893

(24,509) 
(3,344) 
(12,694) 
(2,296) 

(16,805)
(2,967)
(535)
(3,411)

(42,843) 

(23,718)

(40,211) 

(20,825)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

87

Note 17: Income tax expense 
The income tax expense for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Current income tax  
Current income tax charge 
Amounts under/(over) provided in previous years 
Total current income tax 

Deferred income tax

Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Effect from changes in tax laws and rates 

Total deferred income tax 

Total income tax expense 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

73,700 
270 
73,970 

12,659
(2,497)
10,162

(4,494) 
3,526 –

(310)

(968) 

(310)

73,002 

9,852

A breakdown of the deferred tax balances is contained in note 23.

The effective income tax rate differs from the corporate income tax rates. The weighted average statutory rate was 13.1% for 2010 (2009: 
13.0%). This is calculated as the average of the statutory tax rates applicable in the countries in which the Group operates, weighted by the 
profits/(losses) before tax of the subsidiaries in the respective countries, as included in the consolidated financial information. The effective tax 
rate is 14.7% (2009: 12.2%).

A reconciliation between the income tax charged in the accompanying financial information and income before taxes multiplied by the 
weighted average statutory tax rate for the year ended 31 December 2010 is as follows:

US$000 

Profit before tax 
Notional tax computed at the weighted average statutory tax rate of 13.1% (2009: 13.0%)   
Derecognition of deferred tax asset 
Effect from difference in local tax rates 
Effect from utilisation of non-recognised deferred tax assets 
Effect from capitalised tax loss carry forwards 
Inflation related indexation of fixed assets for tax 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes   
Tax exempted income 
Non recognition of deferred taxes on current year losses 
Effect from change in permanent differences 
Tax related to prior years 
Other 

Total income tax expense 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

498,126 
65,254 
(902) 
3,526 –
(274) –
(293) –
– 
7,338 
(623) 
555 
(2,079) –
270 
230 

80,850
10,526
135

(1,792)
3,359
(942)
780

(2,497)
283

73,002 

9,852

Note 18: Earnings per share and dividends paid and proposed
Basic earnings per share (EPS) is calculated by dividing the net profit for the year attributable to ordinary equity shareholders of Ferrexpo plc 
by the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares. 

Profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders: 
Basic earnings per share (US cents) 
Diluted earnings per share (US cents) 

Underlying earnings for the year: 
Basic earnings per share (US cents) 
Diluted earnings per share (US cents) 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

72.34 
72.24 

12.08
12.05

72.98 
72.91 

12.80 
12.77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
88

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 18: Earnings per share and dividends paid and proposed continued
The calculation of the basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the following data:

Thousand 

Weighted average number of shares 
Basic number of Ordinary Shares outstanding 
Effect of dilutive potential Ordinary Shares   

Diluted number of Ordinary Shares outstanding   

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

584,568 
854 

584,652
1,361

585,422 

586,013

The basic number of Ordinary Shares is calculated by reducing the total number of Ordinary Shares in issue by the shares held in treasury 
(refer to note 29).

Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of Ordinary Shares in issue on the assumption of 
conversion of all potentially dilutive Ordinary Shares. All share awards are potentially dilutive and have been included in the calculation of 
diluted earnings per share.

‘Underlying earnings’ is an alternative earnings measure, which the Directors believe provides a clearer picture of the underlying financial 
performance of the Group’s operations. Underlying earnings is presented after non-controlling interests and excludes adjusted items. The 
calculation of underlying earnings per share is based on the following earnings data:

US$000 

Profit attributable to equity holders 
Write offs and impairment losses 
IPO costs 
Gain on bargain purchase 
Losses/(gains) on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Non-operating foreign exchange losses 
Tax on adjusted items 

Underlying earnings 

Notes 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

13 
39 
15/41 

12 

422,906 
1,618 
55 
(2,623) 
1,305 
3,888 
(346) 

70,627
2,757
427
(503)
(213)
2,551
(823)

426,803 

74,823

Adjusted items are those items of financial performance that the Group believes should be separately disclosed on the face of the income 
statement to assist in the understanding of the underlying financial performance achieved by the Group. Adjusted items that relate to the 
operating performance of the Group include impairment charges and reversals and other exceptional items. Non-operating adjusted items 
include gains and losses on disposal of investments and businesses and non-operating foreign exchange gains and losses.

Dividends paid and proposed

US$000 

Dividends proposed  
Final dividend for 2010: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 

Total dividends proposed 

Dividends paid during the period 
Interim dividend for 2010: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 
Final dividend for 2009: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 

Total dividends paid 

US$000 

Dividends proposed  
Final dividend for 2009: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 

Total dividends proposed 

Dividends paid during the period 
Interim dividend for 2009: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 
Final dividend for 2008: 3.3 US cents per Ordinary Share 

Total dividends paid 

Year ended 
31.12.10

19,289

19,289

19,292
19,289

38,581

Year ended 
31.12.09

19,289

19,289

19,289
20,261

39,550

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

89

Note 19: Property, plant and equipment
As at 31 December 2010 property, plant and equipment comprised:

US$000 

Cost: 

At 1 January 2009 

Additions  
Transfers  
Disposals  
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2009 

Additions  
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Transfers  
Disposals  
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2010 

Depreciation: 

At 1 January 2009 

Depreciation charge 
Disposals  
Transfers 
Impairment 
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2009 

Depreciation charge 
Disposals  
Transfers 
Impairment 
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2010 

Net book value at: 

31 December 2009 

31 December 2010 

Land 

Mining  
assets1 

Buildings 

Vessels 

Plant & 
 equipment 

Vehicles 

Fixtures 
and fittings 

Assets
under
construction1 

Total

3,225 

15,749 

112,531 

535 
24,289 
(3,409) 
(4,008) 

(115) 

(562) 

3,110 

15,187 

129,938 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

141,742 

109,752 

4,201 

137,020 

524,220

5 
57,524 
(3,033) 
(5,059) 

5,719 
(1,154) 
(3,917) 

21 
575 
(53) 
(66) 

85,445 
(88,107) 
(530) 
(3,342) 

86,006
–
(8,179)
(17,069)

191,179 

110,400 

4,678 

130,486 

584,978

– 
14 
– 
– 
10 

1,248 
– 
3,189 
– 
44 

5,308 
162 
17,153 
(1,498) 
381 

– 
61,863 
– 
– 
– 

1,691 
163 
29,888 
(1,797) 
560 

709 
5 
62,059 
(3,009) 
323 

318 
79 
561 
(1,897) 
7 

156,501 
3,062 
(112,850) 
(468) 
252 

166,775
65,348
–
(8,669)
1,577

3,134 

19,668 

151,444 

61,863 

221,684 

170,487 

3,746 

176,983 

809,009

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

543 

20,091 

278 
– 
– 
– 
(20) 

801 

334 
– 
– 
– 
2 

5,366 
(1,657) 
– 
450 
(874) 

23,376 

7,531 
(772) 
– 
(271) 
73 

1,137 

29,937 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

67,628 

21,411 

2,107 

– 

111,780

15,124 
(2,413) 
– 
14 
(2,441) 

7,924 
(908) 
– 
233 
(764) 

829 
(37) 
– 
(1) 
(26) 

77,912 

27,896 

2,872 

18,069 
(1,556) 
– 
– 
228 

8,875 
(2,593) 
– 
– 
82 

861 
(1,892) 
– 
– 
3 

94,653 

34,260 

1,844 

– 
– 
– 
21 
– 

21 

– 
– 
– 
20 
– 

41 

29,521
(5,015)
–
717
(4,125)

132,878

35,670
(6,813)
–
(251)
388

161,872

3,110 

14,386 

106,562 

– 

113,267 

82,504 

1,806 

130,465 

452,100

3,134 

18,531 

121,507 

61,863 

127,031 

136,227 

1,902 

176,942 

647,137

1  Mining assets and assets under construction constitute mine stripping costs which are accounted for under the Group’s accounting policy outlined in note 2. Capitalised pre-production 

stripping costs are included in assets under construction whereas the production stripping costs are shown under mining assets.

The carrying value of plant and equipment held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts at 31 December 2010 was US$27,457 
thousand (2009: US$20,204 thousand). During the year, a sale and lease back transaction for assets of plant and equipment was completed 
and is considered to be a finance lease. No gain or loss was realised on the sale of the assets subject to this finance lease. Leased assets and 
assets under hire purchase contracts are pledged as security for the related finance lease and hire purchase liabilities.

US$88,498 thousand (2009: US$82,505 thousand) of property, plant and equipment have been pledged as security for liabilities. 

The gross value of fully depreciated property, plant and equipment that is still in use is US$38,847 thousand (2009: US$30,149 thousand).

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
90

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 20: Goodwill and other intangible assets 
As at 31 December 2010 goodwill and other intangible assets comprised:

US$000 

At 1 January 2009 
Cost: 
Additions 
Disposals 
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2009 

Additions 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Disposals 
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2010 

Accumulated amortisation and impairment:  

At 1 January 2009 

Amortisation charge  
Disposals  
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2009 

Amortisation charge  
Disposals  
Translation differences 

At 31 December 2010 

Net book value at: 

31 December 2009 

31 December 2010 

Other 
intangible 
assets 

Goodwill 

Total

102,104 

2,240 

104,344

– 
– 
(3,646) 

598 
(53) 
(74) 

598
(53)
(3,720)

98,458 

2,711 

101,169

– 
– 
– 
289 

633 
1,637 
(63) 
7 

633
1,637
(63)
296

98,747 

4,925 

103,672

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

589 

301 
(53) 
(22) 

815 

203 
(63) 
2 

957 

589

301
(53)
(22)

815

203
(63)
2

957

98,458 

1,896 

100,354

98,747 

3,968 

102,715

The goodwill acquired through business combinations in previous periods has been allocated for impairment purposes to one cash-
generating unit, as the Group only had one operating segment, being the production and sale of iron ore. This represents the lowest level 
within the Group at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes.

During the financial year 2010, the Group acquired the Helogistics Holding GmbH and its subsidiaries. This resulted in a gain on bargain 
purchase of US$2,623 thousand recognised in profit or loss and not affecting the balance of capitalised goodwill as of 31 December 2010. 
Further details on the business combination are given in note 41.

Goodwill from business combinations are not amortised, but reviewed for impairment losses at every balance sheet date and whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Impairment testing was performed at 31 December 2010 based on a value-in-use calculation using cash flow projections over the remaining 
estimated life of the mine (27 years), a common practice in the mining industry. The cash flow projection was based on the financial budget 
covering the next four years and approved by senior management.

The major component of other intangible assets as at 31 December 2010 comprises purchased software.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

91

Note 20: Goodwill and other intangible assets continued
Key assumptions
The principal key assumptions are:

Estimates/assumptions 

Basis

Future production: 
Commodity prices: 
Cost of raw materials and other production/distribution costs: 
Exchange rates: 
Discount rates: 

Proved and probable reserves and resource estimates
Contract prices and longer-term price estimates
Expected future costs
Current market exchange rates
Cost of capital risk adjusted for the resource concerned

Cash flows are projected based on management expectations regarding the development of the iron ore and steel market and the cost of 
producing and distributing the pellets.

The Company takes into account two principal key assumptions, selling price and total production costs. Within this both macro and local 
factors which influence these are considered.

In determining the future long-term selling price, the Company takes into account external and internal analysis of the long-term and shorter-
term supply and demand dynamics in the local region and throughout the world along with costs of production of competitors and the 
marginal cost of incremental production in a particular market. The Company considers local supply demand balances affecting its major 
customers and the effects this could have on the longer-term price.

Cost of production and shipping is considered taking into account local inflationary pressures, major exchange rate developments between 
local currency and the US dollar, and the longer-term and shorter-term trends in energy supply and demand and the effect on costs along 
with the expected movements in steel related commodity prices which affect the cost of certain production inputs.

For the purpose of the goodwill impairment test, the future cash flows were discounted using the real pre-tax discount rate of 10% (2009: 
15%) per annum. These rates reflect the time value of money and risk associated with the asset, and is in line with the rates used by 
competitors with a similar background.

Sensitivity to changes in assumptions
Management believes that due to the high value of the projects and resulting reserve base no reasonable change in the above key 
assumptions would cause the carrying value of the unit to materially exceed its value-in-use. 

Note 21: Available-for-sale financial assets
As at 31 December 2010 available-for-sale financial assets comprised:

US$000 

Current 
Investments available for sale – equity instruments: 
Vostock Ruda 

Total current 

Non-current  
Investments available-for-sale – equity instruments: 
OJSC Stahanov 
Vostock Ruda 
LLC Atol 
CJSC AMA 
CJSC Amtek 

Total non-current 

All investments relate to companies incorporated in Ukraine.

Ownership % 

| 

Carrying value

As at  
31.12.10 

As at 
 31.12.09 

As at 
31.12.10 

As at
 31.12.09

– 

1.10% 

– 

– 

626

626

3.14% 
1.10% 
9.95% 
9.00% 
9.00% 

3.14% 
– 
9.95% 
9.00% 
9.00% 

2,728 
628 
– 
– 
– 

3,356 

813
– 
2,104
–
–

2,917

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
92

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 21: Available-for-sale financial assets continued
Impairment testing
Ferrexpo Petroleum
The fair value of the unquoted equity investment in LLC Atol, CJSC AMA and CJSC Amtek, companies engaged in the exploration and 
development of oil and gas fields in the Poltava Region of Ukraine, is determined by management using a discounted cash flow projection, 
having taken into account the estimated value of reserves provided by an expert third party valuer.

The key assumptions used in this calculation were gas/condensate prices, gas/oil/condensate conversion rates, production volumes, 
production costs, tax rates, projected capital expenditure, the Ukrainian hryvnia to US dollar exchange rate and the discount rate. The 
calculation took into account the projected future cash flows attributable to the Lubachevsko-Sherbakivska licence (projected to make up 
90% of the total value of the investment) over a period of 19 years (the length of the licence) with an applied pre-tax discount rate of 15.0%  
(2009: 15.0%) per annum.

As a result of the above review, management recognised an additional impairment charge against the carrying value of the investments in LLC 
Atol in 2010 resulting in fully impaired investments as of 31 December 2010 (2009: US$2,104 thousand). The decrease of the carrying value of 
the investment is related to the impairment testing performed for the interim report as of 30 June 2010, when an additional impairment loss 
was recorded through the income statement.

There are no indications at the year-end that require a reversal of any impairment losses booked in previous periods.

OJSC Stahanov
The value of OJSC Stahanov was increased due to a higher quoted market price for its shares on the Ukrainian stock exchange (PFTS) as of 
31 December 2010. The increase of the fair value in the amount of US$1,915 thousand (2009: US$441 thousand) has been recorded against 
the net unrealised gains reserve as a reversal of previously recorded impairment losses.

Further details regarding available-for-sale investments can be found in note 13 – write-offs and impairment losses as well as note 35 – related 
party transactions.

Note 22: Other non-current assets
As at 31 December 2010 other non-current assets comprised:

US$000 

Prepayments for property, plant and equipment 
Loan provided to associate 
Other non-current assets  

Total other non-current assets 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
 31.12.09

23,173 
1,000 
593 

24,767 

7,320
2,000
504

9,824

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

93

Note 23: Deferred income tax
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities at 31 December 2010 relate to the following:

US$000 

Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Accrued income and prepaid expenses 
Property, plant and equipment   
IPO costs netted against share premium 
Tax losses recognised 
Other financial assets 
Trade and other payables 
Accrued expenses 
Defined benefit pension liability  
Provision for site restoration 
Other financial liabilities 

Other items 

Total deferred tax assets 

Thereof netted against deferred tax liabilities 

Total deferred tax assets as per the statement of financial position 

Trade and other receivable 
Inventories 
Accrued income/prepaid expenses 
Property, plant and equipment   
Intangible assets  
Other non-current assets 
Employee benefit trust 
Trade and other payables and advance receivables 
Lease obligations 
Other items 

Total deferred tax liabilities   

Thereof netted against deferred tax assets   

Total deferred tax liabilities as per the statement of financial position   

Consolidated statement 
of financial position 

| 

Consolidated
income statement

As at  
31.12.10 

As at 
 31.12.09 

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

4,106 
– 
294 
9,789 
726 
5,322 
2 
29 
2,004 
2,666 
411 
81 

7 

2,466 
144 
– 
9,122 
1,226 
743 
187 
77 
1,602 
3,596 
298 
134 

– 

(1,584)
132

393
(499)
743
(10)
47
169
504
41
136

1,480 
(96) 
– –
640 
(499) 
293 
(104) 
(48) 
45 
(944) 
112 
(55) 

– –

25,438 

19,595  

824 

72

(8,842) 

(5,922) 

16,596 

13,673 

(1,490) 
(3,952) 
(3,111) 
(2,479) 
(112) 
(49) 
(49) 
(29) 
(4) 
– 

(498) 
(2,522) 
(2,477) 
(554) 
(277) 
(171) 
(3,025) 
– 
(4) 
(133) 

(992) 
(1,424) 
(628) 
(224) 
266 
101 
3,045 
– 
– 
– 

(498)
1,424
(638)
(398)
(69)
(11)
204
360
(4)
(132)

(11,274) 

(9,661)  

144 

238

8,842 

5,922  

(2,432) 

(3,739) 

Net deferred tax assets/net change  

14,164 

9,934 

968 

310

The movement in the deferred income tax balance is as follows:

US$000 

Opening balance 
Income statement credit 
Charges booked outside of profit or loss 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Foreign currency exchange rate adjustment 

Closing balance 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

9,934 
968 
(492) 
3,383 
371 

8,745
310
1,251
–
(372)

14,164 

9,934

As at 31 December 2010, the Group had deductible temporary differences on available tax loss carry forwards in the amount of US$100,699 
thousand (2009: US$2,182 thousand) for which no deferred tax assets were recognised. The vast majority of the available tax loss carry 
forwards relates to the acquired logistics business in Austria and Hungary. Tax loss carry forwards in both tax jurisdictions do not expire. The 
balance of available tax loss carry forwards is after the offset of temporary differences on property, plant and equipment in Austria of 
US$16,780 thousand. Temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries for which deferred tax liabilities have not been 
recognised amount to US$522,876 thousand (2009: US$147,080 thousand).

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
94

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 24: Inventories
As at 31 December 2010 inventories comprised:

US$000 

Raw materials and consumables  
Finished ore pellets 
Work in progress 
Other  
Provision for slow-moving and obsolete inventory 

Total inventories 

Inventory is held at the lower of cost or net recoverable amount.

Note 25: Trade and other receivables
At 31 December 2010 trade and other receivables comprised:

US$000 

Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Allowance for doubtful receivables 

Total trade and other receivables 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
 31.12.09

70,440 
23,668 
8,461 
2,580 
(322) 

47,405
5,135
7,565
104
(573)

104,827 

59,636

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

114,923 
848 
(3,881) 

42,956
1,616
(6,455)

111,890 

38,117

Trade receivables at 31 December 2010 includes US$1,057 thousand (2009: US$2,098 thousand) owed by related parties. The detailed 
related party disclosures are made in note 35.

The movement in the provision for doubtful receivables during the period under review was:

US$000 

Opening balance 
Recognition 
Reversal  
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Foreign currency translation 

Closing balance 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

6,455 
146 
(3,831) 
1,046 
65 

11,956
187
(5,386)
–
(302)

3,881 

6,455

The following table shows the Group’s receivables at the reporting date that are subject to credit risk and the ageing and impairment  
profile thereon:

As at 31.12.10 

US$000 

Trade receivables  
Other receivables 

As at 31.12.09 

US$000 

Trade receivables  
Other receivables 

The Group’s exposures to credit and currency risks are disclosed in note 38.

  Receivables 
  Receivables   neither past 
due nor 
impaired 

Gross  past due and  
impaired 

amount 

Receivables past due but not impaired

Less than 
45 days 

45 to 
90 days 

Over
90 days

114,923 
848 

3,560 
321 

105,302 
234 

5,074 
104 

529 
4 

458
185

Receivables  
past due and  
impaired 

Receivables 
neither past 
due nor 
impaired 

6,322 
133 

33,932 
1,263 

Gross 
amount 

42,956 
1,616 

Receivables past due but not impaired

Less than 
45 days 

2,160 
7 

45 to 
90 days 

173 
12 

Over
90 days

369
201

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

95

Note 26: Prepayments and other current assets
As at 31 December 2010 prepayments and other current assets comprised:

US$000 

Prepayments to suppliers 
  Electricity and gas 
  Materials and spare parts 
  Services 
  Other prepayments 
Loan provided to associate 
Accrued income 
Other 

Total prepayments and other current assets 

Note 27: Taxes payable, recoverable and prepaid
The income tax payable balance as of 31 December 2010 is shown below:

US$000 

Opening balance 
Income statement charge 
Tax paid 
Changes booked through equity 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Foreign exchange adjustment 

Closing balance  

Split by:

US$000 

Income tax receivable balance   
Income tax payable balance 

Income tax payable at the year end 

As at 31 December 2010 taxes recoverable and prepaid comprised:

US$000 

VAT receivable 
Other taxes prepaid 

Total taxes recoverable and prepaid 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

5,348 
2,606 
1,569 
946 
– 
8,337 
116 

4,036
1,879
1,922
3,110
550
6,062
1,835

18,922 

19,394

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

(1,364) 
(73,970) 
37,827 
– 
(81) 
(4,188) 

(8,604)
(10,162)
18,899
(99)
–
(1,398)

(41,776) 

(1,364)

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

35 
(41,811) 

9,741
(11,105)

(41,776) 

(1,364)

As at  
31.12.10 

101,683 
1,964 

As at
31.12.09

81,269
15

103,647 

81,284

The VAT receivable results from VAT paid on domestic purchases of goods and services and on the imports of equipment and where relevant 
services into Ukraine to the extent that this can not be offset on VAT paid on the sale of goods and services. 

The Ukrainian government has not been making timely repayments of VAT in 2009 and the first half of the financial year 2010 due to the 
economic downturn and general financial crisis in 2009 allied with the presidential elections in early 2010 and the ongoing negotiations for 
financial aid from the IMF. The increase of the VAT receivable balance is related to higher imports of equipment in the period under review. 
During the financial year 2010, the Group received VAT bonds from the Ukrainian government relating to the outstanding VAT receivable 
balance as of the end of December 2009. All VAT bonds were sold in the latter half of the financial year 2010 with a discount of US$10,936 
thousand. Subsequent to the issuance of the VAT bonds in August 2010, the Ukrainian government has started repayments of the 
outstanding VAT.

Further information on the Ukrainian VAT situation is provided in the risk section on page 33.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
96

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 27: Taxes payable, recoverable and prepaid continued
As at 31 December 2010 other taxes payable comprised:

US$000 

Withholding tax 
Environmental tax 
Source tax 
VAT payable 
Other taxes 

Total taxes payable 

Note 28: Cash and cash equivalents
As at 31 December 2010 cash and cash equivalents comprised:

US$000 

Cash at bank and on hand 
Restricted cash 
Short-term deposits 
Marketable securities 

 Total cash and cash equivalents 

As at  
31.12.10 

415 
1,045 
– 

4,250 –
8,213 

13,923 

As at
31.12.09

3,233
2,267
317

2,076

7,893

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

251,572 
37,768 
30,123 
7 –

11,991 
– 
–

319,470 

11,991

The balance of restricted cash of US$37,768 thousand, which is related to an acquisition made in December 2010, is held in an escrow 
account at 31 December 2010 (2009: US$nil) and unavailable to the Group. This amount was released subsequent to the year end.

The Group’s exposure to interest rate risk and a sensitivity analysis for financial assets and liabilities are disclosed in note 38.

Note 29: Share capital and reserves

Balance at 31 December 2010 and 2009 

US$000 

Number of shares

121,628 

613,967,956

Share capital represents the nominal value on issue of the Company’s equity share capital, comprising £0.10 Ordinary Shares.

The fully paid share capital of Ferrexpo plc at 31 December 2010 was 613,967,956 (2009: 613,967,956) Ordinary Shares at a par value of 
£0.10 paid for in cash, resulting in share capital of US$121,628 thousand (2009: US$121,628 thousand) per the statement of financial position.

The closing balance as of 31 December 2010 and 2009 includes 25,343,814 shares which are held in treasury and 4,019,759 shares held in 
the employee benefit trust reserve (2009: 4,092,285) .

Share premium
Share premium represents the premium paid by subscribers for the share capital issues, net of costs directly attributable to the share issue.

Treasury share reserve
During September 2008, Ferrexpo plc completed a buyback of 25,343,814 shares for a total cost of US$77,260 thousand. These shares are 
currently held as treasury shares by the Group. The Companies Act 2006 forbids the exercise of any rights (including voting rights) and the 
payment of dividends in respect of treasury shares.

Employee benefit trust reserve
This reserve represents the treasury shares held by Ferrexpo AG setting up an employee benefit trust reserve. The reserve is used to satisfy 
future grants of shares in connection with the listing bonus, as well as future senior management incentive schemes.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

97

Note 29: Share capital and reserves continued
Uniting of interest reserve
The uniting of interest reserve represents the difference between the initial investment by Ferrexpo AG in Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation 
to gain control of the subsidiary in 2005 and the net assets acquired, which under the pooling of interests method of accounting are 
consolidated at their historic cost, less non-controlling interests.

Subsequent increases in the stake have been accounted for using the parent extension concept method of accounting as described in the 
accounting policy section of the financial statements (note 2). 

Net unrealised gains reserve
This reserve records fair value changes on available-for-sale investments.

Translation reserve
The translation reserve represents exchange differences arising on the translation of non-US dollar (e.g. hryvnia) functional currency 
operations within the Group into US dollars.

Note 30: Interest bearing loans and borrowings
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group’s interest bearing loans and borrowings, which are measured at 
amortised cost. All loans are in US dollars. For more information about the Group’s exposure to interest rate, foreign currency and liquidity 
risk, see note 38.

US$000 

Current 
Syndicated bank loans – secured 
Other bank loans – secured 
Commodity loans 
Obligations under finance leases 
Interest accrued 

Total current interest bearing loans and borrowings 

Non-current 
Syndicated bank loans – secured  
Other bank loans – secured 
Commodity loans 
Obligations under finance leases 

Total non-current interest bearing loans and borrowings 

Total interest bearing loans and borrowings 

Notes 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

38 
38 
38 
38 
38 

38 
38 
38 
38 

– 
18,818 
495 
2,832 
418 

207,723
41,662
124
1,264
730

22,563 

251,503

341,938 
36,128 
1,898 –
21,326 

–
933

17,210

401,290 

18,143

423,853 

269,646

As at 31 December 2010 the other bank loans are secured by property, plant and equipment with a carrying amount of US$68,695 thousand 
(2009: US$104,579 thousand) and finished goods inventory of US$6,600 thousand (2009: nil) and rights to a purchase contract in respect of 
equipment to be delivered of US$20,890 thousand as of the end of the prior year. Secured Ukrainian property, plant and equipment includes 
crushing, excavators and mine transport equipment. The syndicated bank loans of US$350,000 thousand (2009: US$207,723 thousand) are 
secured by rights to proceeds from future export sales of US$378,310 thousand (2009: US$370,444 thousand). 

As at 31 December 2010 the Group’s major bank debt facility was a US$350,000 thousand (2009: US$335,000 thousand) pre-export finance 
facility, which was fully drawn down as of 31 December 2010. The remaining outstanding balance of the major bank facility as of 31 December 
2009 amounting to US$207,727 thousand was repaid in full on 8 January 2011.

The Group entered into a new bank debt term facility on 23 September 2010 in the amount of US$350,000 thousand, which matures on 31 
March 2014, amortising over 24 months following an 18 month grace period. This pre-export finance facility was drawn in full on 7 October 
2010 and was used for refinancing of the pre-export finance facility of US$230,000 thousand that was drawn down on 8 January 2011.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
98

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 30: Interest bearing loans and borrowings continued
The major bank debt facility as at 31 December 2010 was guaranteed and secured as follows:
 >
 >
 >
 >

Ferrexpo AG assigned the rights to revenue from certain sales contracts;
Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation assigned all of its rights of certain export contracts for the pellets sales to Ferrexpo AG;
the Group pledged its bank account into which all proceeds from the sale of certain iron ore pellet contracts are received; and
Ferrexpo AG pledged all its rights under certain contracts for the sale of iron ore pellets and its rights under certain related credit  
support documents.

Ferrexpo AG is subject to minimum capital requirements which restrict the amount of profit that can be distributed to the parent.

As at 31 December 2010, the Group has two committed facilities amounting to US$65,000 thousand (2009: US$nil) available that are not 
drawn down.

Note 31: Trade and other payables 
As at 31 December 2010 trade and other payables comprised:

US$000 

Payables for equipment 
Materials and services 
Dividends payable 
Other  

Total current trade and other payables  

Note 

41 

As at 
31.12.10 

4,307 
41,616 
31 
42,135 

As at
31.12.09

4,323
20,255
78
3,146

88,089 

27,802

Trade and other payables at 31 December 2010 includes US$3,263 thousand (2009: US$1,660 thousand) due to related parties. See  
note 35. Included in the balance of other payables stated above is a liability of US$37,768 thousand in relation to an acquisition made  
in December 2010.

The Group’s exposure to currency and liquidity risk related to trade and other payables is disclosed in note 38.

Note 32: Defined benefit pension liability
Ukrainian defined benefit plan
The Group makes defined contributions to the Ukrainian state pension scheme at the statutory rates in effect during the year, based on gross 
salary payments. Such expense is charged to the income statement in the period the related salaries are earned.

In addition, the Group has a legal obligation to compensate the Ukrainian State Pension Fund for additional pensions paid to certain 
categories of the current and former employees of the Group. These obligations are unfunded. Costs relating to this plan are accrued using 
the projected unit credit method in respect of those employees entitled to such payments. Actuarial techniques have been used in calculating 
the liability related to this retirement obligation at the reporting date.

Gains and losses resulting from the use of internal actuarial valuation methodologies are recognised when the cumulative unrecognised 
actuarial gains or losses for the scheme exceed 10% of defined benefit obligation. These gains or losses are recognised as income or 
expense over the expected average remaining working lives of the employees participating in the plan.

The past service cost is recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.  
If the benefits are already vested immediately following the introduction of, or changes to, a pension plan, past service cost is  
recognised immediately.

The defined benefit liability is the aggregate of the present value of the defined benefit obligation and actuarial gains and losses not recognised 
reduced by past service cost not yet recognised.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

99

Note 32: Defined benefit pension liability continued
At 31 December 2010 this defined benefit plan covered 4,612 current employees (2009: 4,669 people). There are 1,193 former employees 
currently in receipt of pensions (2009: 1,246 people).

In addition, the Group has a legal obligation to its employees (in the form of a collective agreement) to make a one off payment on retirement 
to employees with a long term of service; this has also been included in the provision.

Swiss defined benefit plan
The employees of the Group’s Swiss operation are covered under a multi-employer pension plan, which is governed in accordance with the 
requirements of Swiss law. The assets of the pension scheme are held separately from those of the Group and are invested with an insurance 
company. The annual pension costs and the defined benefit obligation as well as the fair value of the plan assets are assessed annually by an 
independent professionally qualified actuary. 

The accumulated capital of the employees is subject to interests determined by the local legislation and defined in the regulatory of the 
pension scheme.

On retirement employees are entitled to receive either a lump sum or an annual proportion of their accumulated capital as a pension 
underpinned by certain guarantees. The Group and in certain cases the employees make contributions to the pension scheme as a 
percentage of the insured salaries and depending on the age of the employees.

At 31 December 2010 this defined benefit plan covered 20 people (2009: 21 people).

Austrian defined benefit plan
The Group has an unfunded retirement benefit obligation covering the Austrian employees of Helogistics. At 31 December 2010, 37 current 
employees (2009: 42 employees) are covered by this plan. All payments under the scheme are made by the employer as a lump sum in cases 
of retirement, occupational disability, death in service or redundancy. The amount payable is dependant on the years of service up to a 
maximum of a full annual salary. 

The annual costs relating to this plan are accrued using the projected unit credit method. The annual costs and the defined benefit obligation 
are assessed annually by an independent professionally qualified actuary.

The principal assumptions used in determining the defined benefit obligation are shown below:

Discount rate 
Retail price inflation 
Expected future salary increase  
Expected future benefit increase 
Female life expectancy (years)   
Male life expectancy (years) 

Year ended 31.12.10 

| 

Year ended 31.12.09

Swiss 
scheme 

Austrian 
scheme 

Ukrainian 
scheme 

Swiss 
scheme 

Ukrainian
scheme

2.40% 
1.50% 
3.00% 
0.00% 
86.0 
82.9 

5.00% 
2.80% 
2.50% 
0.00% 
n/a 
n/a 

11.00% 
7.00% 
7.00% 
0.00% 
74.5 
63.5 

3.25% 
1.50% 
3.00% 
0.00% 
86.0 
82.9 

15.00%
7.00%
7.00%
0.00%
74.5
63.5

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
100

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 32: Defined benefit pension liability continued
Changes in the net present value of the defined benefit obligation are as follows:

Year ended 31.12.10 

| 

Year ended 31.12.09

Swiss 
scheme 

Austrian 
scheme 

Ukrainian 
scheme 

US$000 

Opening defined benefit obligation 
Current service cost 
Employee contribution 
Interest cost 
Contribution by plan participants 
Benefits paid 
Actuarial loss 
Past service cost 
Acquisition of subsidiaries 
Foreign exchange translation adjustment 

Closing defined benefit obligation 

Opening plan assets 
Expected return on plan assets  
Employer contribution 
Employee contribution 
Contribution by plan participants 
Benefits paid 
Actuarial loss 
Foreign exchange translation adjustment 

Closing plan assets 

Net funded status 

Unrecognised actuarial losses   
Unrecognised past service cost 
Foreign exchange translation adjustment 

Closing balance defined benefit pension liability   

Benefit expense 
Current service cost 
Interest cost 
Amortisation of actuarial loss 
Expected return on plan assets  
Recognised past service cost   
Employee contribution 
Curtailment gain 

Current year expense  

Net movement on defined benefit pension liability: 
Opening balance 
Recognition of liability 
Benefits expense 
Benefits paid 
Employer contribution 
Foreign exchange translation adjustment 

Closing balance 

Experience adjustments arising on plan liabilities 

Total 

26,114 
1,856 
102 
3,417 
14 
3,688) 
27,899 
–
819 
222 

Swiss 
scheme 

2,096 
375 
14 
66 
469 
(926) 
101 

Ukrainian
scheme 

22,187 
1,142 
– 
3,074 
– 
(2,987) 
1,230 

Total

24,283
1,517
14
3,140
469
(3,913)
1,331

– 
39 

3,502 
(4,268) 

3,502
(4,229)

23,880 
1,291 
– 
3,344 
– 

(3,468) (
28,282 
– 
– 
(27) 

53,302 

56,755 

2,234 

23,880 

26,114

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

1,375 
45 
309 
102 
14 
(220) 
(194) 
148 

1,507 
48 
474 
14 
469 
(926) 
(230) 
19 

1,579 

1,375 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

1,507
48
474
14
469
(926)
(230)
19

1,375

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
819 
- 

819 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

819 

53,202 

55,176 

859 

23,880 

24,739

– 
– 
– 

(34,046) 
(2,664) 
– 

(34,630) 
(2,664) 
(63) 

(807) 
– 
(34) 

(6,333) 
(3,113) 
77 

(7,140)
(3,113)
43

819 

16,592 

17,819 

18 

14,511 

14,529

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

1,291 
3,344 
496 
– 
382 
– 
– 

5,513 

1,958 
3,416 
564 
(45) 
382 
(102) 
– 

6,173 

14,511 
– 
5,514 
(3,468) 
– 
36 

14,529 
– 
6,174 
(3,468) 
(309) 
76 

389 
66 
37 
(48) 
– 
(14) 
– 

430 

62 
– 
430 
– 
(474) 
– 

1,142 
3,074 
439 
– 
389 
– 
– 

5,044 

1,531
3,140
476
(48)
389
(14)
–

5,474

12,878 
– 
5,044 
(2,897) 
– 
(514) 

12,940

5,474
(2,897)
(474)
(514)

819 

16,593 

17,820 

18 

14,511 

14,529

– 

28,282 

27,796 

101 

1,230 

1,331

2,234 
565 
102 
73 
14 
(220) 
(383) 
– 
– 
249 

2,634 

1,375 
45 
309 
102 
14 
(220) 
(194) 
148 

1,579 

1,055 

(584) 
– 
(63) 

408 

667 
72 
68 
(45) 
– 
(102) 
– 

660 

18 
– 
660 
– 
(309) 
40 

409 

(383) 

Contributions to the defined benefit plans in 2011 are expected to be US$4,065 thousand.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

101

Note 32: Defined benefit pension liability continued
The asset allocation of the plan assets of the Swiss scheme is as follows:

US$000 

Scheme assets at fair value  
Equities 
Bonds 
Properties 
Other 

Fair value of scheme assets  

As at  
31.12.10 
% 

As at 
31.12.10 

As at 
31.12.09 
% 

21.5 
45.8 
18.1 
14.6 

339 
723 
286 
231 

100.0 

1,579 

18.3 
49.7 
18.1 
13.9 

100 

As at
31.12.09

252
683
248
192

1,375

The overall expected rate of return on assets is determined based on the market value weighted expected return applicable to the underlying 
asset category.

Expected rate of return on plan assets: 
Equities 
Bonds 
Properties 
Other 

Total 

Actual rate of return on plan assets: 
Equities 
Bonds 
Properties 
Other 

Total 

Year ended  
31.12.10 
 Swiss scheme 

Year ended
31.12.09
   Swiss scheme

4.31% 
2.50% 
2.35% 
4.92% 

3.06% 

0.91% 
2.77% 
6.11% 
4.72% 

4.52% 

6.50%
2.50%
4.50%
2.25–4.00%

3.50%

28.53%
8.93%
5.59–33.60%
(44.94)–24.63%

11.60%

The actual returns on the plan assets for the Swiss scheme were US$63 thousand (2009: US$114 thousand).

A change in the assumed discount rates would have the following effects:

US$000 

Effect on the aggregated current service costs and interest costs   
Effect on the defined benefit obligation 

US$000 

Effect on the aggregated current service costs and interest costs   
Effect on the defined benefit obligation 

Increase 

Austrian 
scheme 
 (+0.25%) 

Year ended 31.12.10

| 

Ukrainian 
scheme 
(+1.00%) 

Swiss 
scheme 
(-0.25%) 

– 
(16) 

(128) 
(4,243) 

14 
78 

Swiss  
scheme  
(+0.25%) 

(13) 
(74) 

Decrease

Austrian 
scheme 
(-0.25%) 

– 
17 

Ukrainian
scheme
(-1.00%)

144
4,931

Year ended 31.12.09

Increase 

| 

Decrease

Swiss  
scheme 
(+0.25%) 

(23) 
(87) 

Ukrainian 
scheme 
 (+1.00%) 

(122) 
(1,460) 

Swiss 
scheme 
(-0.25%) 

25 
93 

Ukrainian
scheme
(-1.00%)

139
1,650

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
102

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 32: Defined benefit pension liability continued
The history of experience adjustments (unrecognised losses) is as follows for the current and previous three periods:

Opening balance 
Experience adjustments on plan liabilities 
Experience adjustments on plan assets 
Gain on change in assumptions 
Foreign exchange translation adjustment 

Closing balance 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended 
31.12.09 

Year ended 
31.12.08 

Year ended
31.12.07

(7,140) 
(27,899) 
(194) 
– 
603 

(6,294) 
(1,331) 
(230) 
– 
715 

(3,292) 
(6,219) 
(84) 
– 
3,301 

(945)
(2,347)
–
–
–

(34,630) 

(7,140) 

(6,294) 

(3,292)

Note 33: Provision for site restoration
The costs of decommissioning open pit mines are based on the amounts determined by third party experts based on various codes of 
practice and laws applicable in Ukraine. The provision represents the discounted value of the estimated costs of decommissioning and 
restoring the mines at the dates when the deposits are expected to be depleted. The present value of the provision has been calculated using 
a nominal pre-tax discount rate of 9.22% per year (2009: 10.25%). The liability becomes payable at the end of the useful life of the mine, 
currently estimated to be 2055. Uncertainties in estimating these costs include potential changes in regulatory requirements, 
decommissioning and reclamation alternatives and the levels of discount and inflation rates. The increase as of 31 December 2010 is due to 
the extension of the expected useful lives of the mines.

US$000 

Opening balance 
Unwind of the discount 
Arising during the year 
Translation adjustment 

Closing balance 

Note 34: Accrued liabilities and deferred income
As at 31 December 2010 accrued liabilities and deferred income comprised:

US$000 

Accrued expenses 
Accrued employee costs 
Advances from customers 
Deferred income 

Total accrued liabilities and deferred income 

As at 
31.12.10 

1,268 
133 
1,328 
17 

2,746 

As at
31.12.09 

1,071
159
76
(38)

1,268

As at  
31.12.10 

12,563 
10,830 
801 
1,302 

As at
31.12.09

1,582
10,398
166
–

25,496 

12,146

Note 35: Related party disclosure 
During the periods presented the Group entered into arm’s length transactions with entities under common control of the majority owner of 
the Group, Kostyantin Zhevago and with other related parties. Management considers that the Group has appropriate procedures in place to 
identify and properly disclose transactions with the related parties.

Entities under common control are those under control of Kostyantin Zhevago. TIS Ruda, in which the Group holds an interest of 48.6%, is the 
only associated company of the Group. The other related parties are principally those entities controlled by Olexander Moroz (who was a 
supervisory board member of Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation until 14 May 2010).

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

103

Note 35: Related party disclosure continued
The related party transactions entered into by the Group during the periods presented are summarised below:

Revenue, expenses, finance income and finance costs

Year ended 31.12.10 

| 

Year ended 31.12.09

US$000 

Other sales1 

Total revenue 
Purchase of materials2 
Purchase of services3 
General and administration expenses4 
Selling and distribution5 
Other expenses6 

Total expenses 
Finance income7 
Finance costs7 

Net finance income/(expenses) 

Entities  
under  

common   Associated 
companies  

control 

Other 
related 
parties 

1,398 

951 

2,263 

1,398 
125,093 
732 
4,612 
– 
201 

130,638 
964 
(443) 

521 

951 
– 
– 
– 
8,362 
– 

8,362 
96 
– 

96 

2,263 
15,105 
119 
1 
18,496 
21 

33,742 
– 
– 

Entities
under 
common 
control 

506 

506 
4,458 
444 
3,315 
– 
91 

8,308 
1,329 
(816) 

Associated 
companies 

Other
related
parties

– 

1,480

– 
– 
– 
– 
11,849 
– 

11,849 
267 
– 

1,480
11,930
23
–
11,736
8

23,697
–
–

– 

513 

267 

–

1  Other sales to other related parties consist of scrap metal sales made to Ferrolit, a company under control of a former supervisory board member of Ferrexpo Poltava (see above). Other sales to 

entities under common control are mainly related to sales of power, steam and water and the lease of premises to Kislorod and Vorskla-Steel. 

2  Purchase of materials from entities under common control consists of purchased concentrate in the amount of US$104,367 thousand from Vostock Ruda (31 December 2009: US$1,386 

thousand) of which US$92,667 thousand are related to third party merchant concentrate purchased by the Group through this company. The Group currently has surplus pelletising capacity 
which it utilises where possible by purchasing concentrate produced by third parties on the open market. Concentrate itself is a tradable end product and as such prices paid reflect the market 
for that product. As a result, the Group is able to earn a margin by converting this product into pellets albeit of a lower level than from its own produced ore. It is the Group’s strategy to produce 
pellets from purchased third party concentrate in order to make full use of the available pelletising capacity where adequate margin can be earned. The Group earned a margin on the third party 
concentrate business of US$16,174 thousand. Vostock Ruda earned fees of US$140 thousand which covered only costs incurred which were associated with procuring and delivering of the 
purchased third party concentrate. During the financial year 2010, the Group purchased through Ferrexpo Poltava pellets from SIA Wellmark Latvia, which is controlled by Kostyatin Zhevago. 
The related party acted on behalf of the Group and earned a handling commission of US$0.10 per ton amounting in total to US$69 thousand (2009: US$nil). The Group purchased compressed 
air and oxygen of US$3,667 thousand (31 December 2009: US$1,414 thousand) from Kislorod, company controlled by Kostyantin Zhevago . Purchase of materials from other related parties 
includes purchased cast iron balls from Ferrolit of US$14,946 thousand (31 December 2009: US$11,286 thousand), which are used in the production process. Purchase of materials also 
comprise the purchase of gas amounting to US$14,432 thousand (2009: nil) OJSC Ukrzakordongeologia, which is a related party to Group, at rates which are competitive to those for supply 
from Naftogaz.

3  Kuoni Attorneys at law Ltd. provided an employee secondment to the Group between December 2009 and June 2010. The recharge was made at cost and amounted to US$106 thousand. 
Other services provided were US$13 thousand (US$23 thousand). Wolfram Kuoni who is a partner in the law firm is also an independent non-executive Director of Ferrexpo plc. The services 
were provided on an arm length basis by other members of Kuoni Attorneys at law Ltd.

4  The Group paid US$3,313 thousand to FC Vorskla under a contract entered into on 1 April 2009 and renewed on 10 December 2009 for advertisement, marketing and general PR related 

services (31 December 2009: US$2,631 thousand).

5  Selling and distribution services are purchased from TIS Ruda, an associated company as the Group holds an interest of 48.6%. These services relate to port services including port charges, 

handling costs, agent commissions and storage costs. Services from other related parties are mainly provided by Slavutich Ruda which is under control of Olexander Moroz, a supervisory board 
member of Ferrexpo Poltava until 14 May 2010. Slavutich Ruda provided logistic management services mainly related to custom clearance services and coordination of rail transit. The total 
billings amounted to US$18,294 thousand (31 December 2009: US$11,507 thousand) and Slavutich Ruda earned commission income of US$755 thousand on these services (31 December 
2009: US$793 thousand). These purchases were at prevailing market rates.

6  Other operating expenses mainly relate to communication services provided by TV & Radio Co amounting to US$108 thousand (31 December 2009: US$60 thousand).
7  The Group has transactional banking arrangements with Bank Finance & Credit (Bank FC), which is under common control of Kostyantin Zhevago. Finance income and expenses relate to these 

transactional banking arrangements. Further information is provided under transactional banking arrangements in this note.

Sale and purchases of property, plant and equipment and investments

US$000 

Year ended 31.12.10 

| 

Year ended 31.12.09

Entities  
under  

common   Associated 
companies  

control 

Other 
related 
parties 

Entities
under 
common 
control 

Associated 
companies 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment1  

22,459 

– 

– 

2,200 

– 

Other
related
parties

–

1  Between October and December 2010, the Group purchased 300 rail cars from a related party named Trading house Wagonplant LLC in the amount of US$17,500 thousand (31 December 

2009: nil). In 2010, drilling programmes have been conducted by OJSC Donbasgeology at the Northern deposit of Ferrexpo Poltava and at Ferrexpo Belanovo amounting to US$4,959 thousand 
(31 December 2009: nil). On 31 March 2009, the Group acquired a trial filter press from Progress Plant Company, an entity under common control, for US$2,200 thousand. All transactions were 
on arm’s length basis and supplied after a competitive tender process.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
104

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 35: Related party disclosure continued
The outstanding investments/balances with related parties for the periods presented are as follows:

US$000 

Investments available-for-sale1   
Prepayments for PPE2 
Loans3 

Total non-current assets 

Investments available-for-sale1   
Loans3 
Trade and other receivables4 
Prepayments and other current assets2 
Cash and cash equivalents5 

Total current assets 

Trade and other payables6 

Total current liabilities 

Year ended 31.12.10 

| 

Year ended 31.12.09

Entities  
under  

common   Associated 
companies  

control 

Other 
related 
parties 

3,353 
182 
– 

3,535 

– 
– 
514 
95 
156,807 

157,416 

1,563 

1,563 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
1,000 
203 
27 
– 

1,230 

12 

12 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
15 
1 
– 

16 

1,668 

1,668 

Entities
under 
common 
control 

2,917 

– 

2,917 

626 

1,999 
995 
2,123 

5,742 

514 

514 

Associated 
companies 

– 

2,550 

2,550 

– 

93 
– 
– 

93 

– 

– 

Other
related
parties

–

–

–

–

6
1
–

7

1,146

1,146

1  The investments available-for-sale comprised of shareholdings in LLC Atol (9.95%), OJSC Stahanov (3.14%) and Vostock Ruda (1.10%). The majority ownership of these companies is held by the 

principal shareholder of Ferrexpo plc and OJSC Stahanov is also listed at the Ukrainian stock exchange. The changes of the values in the table above are related to fair value adjustments 
recorded during the financial year 2010. The shareholdings for all investments remained unchanged during the periods disclosed above. The investment in LLC Atol was subject of an additional 
impairment of US$2,124 thousand recorded as of 30 June 2010 (31 December 2009: US$nil) resulting in a full impairment of this investment. Further information is provided in note 21 of the 
Annual Report & Accounts 2010.

2  Prepayments for drilling programmes on the Northern Deposits in the amount of US$182 thousand have been made to OJSC Donbasgeology in period ended 31 December 2010 (31 December 

2009: US$nil). The company is controlled by Kostyantin Zhevago.

3  Loans were granted to TIS Ruda in 2007 and 2008, which have been partially repaid during the financial year 2009 and 2010. The Group holds an interest of 48.6% in this Ukrainian company 

operating a port located on the Black Sea and is an associated company of the Group. The company provides port services to the Group (see above).

4  As of 31 December 2010 trade and other receivables included outstanding amounts from Kislorod amounting to US$311 thousand, which are mainly related to sales of power, steam and water 
(31 December 2009: US$368 thousand). The outstanding balances as of the end of the prior year included US$1,169 thousand relating to the disposal of shares in Vostock Ruda to Progress 
Plant Company during the financial year 2008. Both companies are under common control of Kostyantin Zhevago.

5  As of 31 December 2010 cash and cash equivalents with Bank F&C were US$156,807 thousand (31 December 2009: US$2,123 thousand). Further information is provided under transactional 

banking arrangements below.

6  Trade and other payables due to entities under common control amounting to US$1,013 thousand as of 31 December 2010 related to concentrate purchased from Vostock Ruda (31 December 
2009: US$ il) and to compressed air and US$416 thousand (31 December 2009: US$ 368 thousand) to oxygen purchased from Kislorod. Trade and other payables due to other related parties 
amounting to US$1,291 thousand as of 31 December 2010 related to purchased material from Ferrolit (31 December 2009: US$989 thousand).

Transactional banking arrangements
The Group has transactional banking arrangements with Bank Finance & Credit (Bank F&C) in Ukraine which is under common control of the 
majority shareholder of Ferrexpo plc. Finance income and finance costs are disclosed in the table above.

The Group entered into a multi-currency revolving loan facility agreement in April 2007 with Bank F&C which expired on 16 April 2010 and has 
been extended to 16 April 2013 upon the same terms and conditions except for two changes. The maximum facility limit has been increased 
from UAH50,500 thousand to UAH80,000 thousand (US$10,048 thousand at the exchange rate as of 31 December 2010) and the interest 
rates increased for UAH advances from 16% to 18% per annum. The total value of pledges for this loan facility is US$13,300 thousand.

Other related party transaction
In August 2009, the Group paid Swiss Withholding Tax of US$984 thousand on behalf of Kostyantin Zhevago on costs incurred for the Initial 
Public Offering completed in June 2007. This was settled in accordance with terms and conditions entered into at the time of the Initial Public 
Offering of the Company.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

105

Note 36: Employee benefits expenses
Employee benefits expenses for the year ended 31 December 2010 consisted of the following:

US$000 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Post-employment benefits 
Other employee costs 
Share-based payments 

Total employee benefits expenses 

Average number of employees

US$000 

Production 
Marketing and distribution 
Administration 
Other 

Total average number of employees 

Compensation for key management was as follows:

US$000 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other employee costs 

Total compensation for key management 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

53,774 
17,037 
2,172 
2,186 
923 

39,905
11,520
2,653
7,248
3,850

76,092 

65,176

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

6,897 
174 
1,119 
724 

8,914 

6,319
169
958
907

8,353

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

4,927 
277 
361 

5,565 

4,540
646
287

5,472

Share-based payments, calculated under the Black-Scholes option pricing model, amounting to US$1,409 thousand (2009: US$560 
thousand) are included in wages and salaries. Under this model, the expected future costs of the award grants made to employees is spread 
over the period of vesting.

The balances above include compensation for Non-executive and Executive Directors as well as for other key management personnel. Refer 
to the Remuneration Report for details of compensation relating to Non-executive and Executive Directors.

Note 37: Commitments and contingencies
Operating lease commitments – Group as lessee
Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases as at 31 December 2010 are as follows:

US$000 

Less than one year 
Between one and five years 
More than five years 

Total minimum rentals payable 

As at  
31.12.10 

2,128 
5,587 
45,813 

As at
31.12.09

849
2,374
16,479

53,528 

19,702

During the year ended 31 December 2010 US$1,076 thousand was recognised as an expense in the income statement in respect of 
operating leases (2009: US$1,665 thousand).

The Group leases land and buildings under operating leases. The leases on land typically run for 49 years, with a lease period of 5 to 10 years 
on buildings.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
106

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 37: Commitments and contingencies continued
Operating lease commitments – Group as lessor
The Group does not have any commitments from lease agreements acting as lessor.

Finance lease commitments
Future minimum lease payments under finance leases together with the present value of the net minimum lease payments are as follows:

US$000 

Less than one year 
Between one and five years 
More than five years 

Total minimum lease payments 
Less: amounts representing finance charges 

Present value of minimum lease payments 

US$000 

Less than one year 
Between one and five years 
More than five years 

Total minimum lease payments 
Less: amounts representing finance charges 

Present value of minimum lease payments 

Other

US$000 

Capital commitments on purchase of property, plant and equipment 

As at 31.12.10

Minimum  
payments 

5,389 
20,142 
8,245 

33,776 
(9,618) 

Present
value of
payments
(note 30)

2,832
13,162
8,164

24,158
–

24,158 

24,158

As at 31.12.09

Minimum  
payments 

1,264 
9,023 
8,188 

Present
value of
payments
(note 30)

1,264
6,049
2,906

18,475 
(8,256) 

10,219
–

10,219 

10,219

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

70,618 

41,404

Legal
In the ordinary course of business, the Group is subject to legal actions and complaints. Management believes that the ultimate liability, if any, 
arising from such actions or complaints will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or the results of future operations of 
the Group.

Tax and other regulatory compliance
Ukrainian legislation and regulations regarding taxation and custom regulations continue to evolve. Legislation and regulations are not always 
clearly written and are subject to varying interpretations and inconsistent enforcement by local, regional and national authorities, and other 
Governmental bodies. Instances of inconsistent interpretations are not unusual.

The uncertainty of application and the evolution of Ukrainian tax laws, including those affecting cross border transactions, create a risk of 
additional tax payments having to be made by the Group, which could have a material effect on the Group’s financial position and results of 
operations. The Group does not believe that these risks are any more significant than those of similar enterprises in Ukraine.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

107

Note 38: Financial instruments
The accounting classification of each category of financial instruments, and their carrying amounts, are set out below:

As at 31.12.10

US$000 

Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Available-for-sale investments 
Trade and other receivables 
Other financial assets 

Total financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

US$000 

Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Available-for-sale investments 
Trade and other receivables 
Other financial assets 

Total financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

Available-  At fair value 

Financial
liabilities
through  measured at
amortised 
profit or 
cost 
loss 

Total at
31.12.10

Notes 

Loans and  
receivables 

for-sale  
financial 
assets 

28 
21 
25 

31 
34 
30 

319,470 
– 
111,890 
1,164 

432,524 

– 
3,356 
– 
– 

3,356 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

319,470
3,356
111,890
1,164

435,880

88,089 
23,393 
423,853 
– 

88,089
23,393
423,853
–

535,335 

535,335

As at 31.12.09

Available- 
for-sale  
financial 
assets 

At fair value 

Financial
liabilities
through  measured at
amortised 
profit or 
cost 
loss 

Notes 

Loans and  
receivables 

28 
21 
25 

31 
34 
30 

11,991 

38,117 
3,719 

53,827 

– 
3,543 
– 
– 

3,543 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

Total at
31.12.09

11,991
3,543
38,117
3,719

57,370

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

24,656 
12,146 
269,646 
3,161 

24,656
12,146
269,646
3,161

309,609 

309,609

Financial risk management 
Overview
The Group has exposure to the following risks from its use of financial instruments:
 >
 >
 >

credit risk
liquidity risk
market risk – including currency and commodity risk

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for 
measuring and managing risk, and the Group’s management of capital. Further quantitative disclosures are included throughout these 
consolidated financial statements.

The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group’s risk management framework.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
108

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
The Group’s risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and 
controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in 
market conditions and the Group’s activities. The Group, through its training and management standards and procedures, aims to develop a 
disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.

The Audit Committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the Group’s risk management policies and procedures and 
reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Group. The Audit Committee is assisted in its 
oversight role by Internal Audit. Internal Audit undertakes both regular and ad hoc reviews of risk management controls and procedures, the 
results of which are reported to the Audit Committee and the CFO.

The Group operates a centralised financial risk management structure under the management of the Executive Committee, accountable to 
the Board. The Executive Committee delegates certain responsibilities to the CFO. The CFO’s responsibilities include authority for approving 
all new physical, commercial or financial transactions that create a financial risk for the Group. Additionally, the CFO controls the management 
of treasury risks within each of the business units in accordance with a Board approved Treasury Policy.

Financial instrument risk exposure and management
Natural hedges that can be identified and their effectiveness quantified are used in preference to financial risk management instruments. 
Derivative transactions may be executed for risk mitigation purposes only – speculation is not permitted under the approved Treasury Policy – 
and are designed to have the effect of reducing risk on underlying market or credit exposures. Appropriate operational controls ensure 
operational risks are not increased disproportionately to the reduction in market or credit risk.

The Group has not used any financial risk management instruments that are derivative in nature, or other hedging instruments, in this or  
prior periods.

Credit risk
Trade and other receivables
The Group through its trading operations enters into binding contracts which contain obligations that create exposure to credit, counterparty 
and country risks. It is the primary objective of the Group to manage such risks to reduce uncertainty of collection from buyers. A secondary 
objective is to minimise the cost of reducing risks within acceptable parameters.

In order to react to the significant weakness in iron ore demand during the financial year 2009, certain sales arrangements with customers 
have been changed from long-term to spot.

Trade finance is used to balance risk and payment. These risks include the creditworthiness of the buyer, and the political and economic 
stability of the buyer’s country. Trade finance generally refers to the financing of individual transactions or a series of revolving transactions and 
are often self-liquidating whereby the lending bank stipulates that all sales proceeds to be collected are applied to settle the loan, the 
remainder returned to the Group. Trade finance transactions are approved by the Group treasurer. The primary objective is to ensure that the 
margins paid and conditions applicable should be the same as, or better than, those which other organisations with similar credit worthiness 
would achieve, and compared with other financing available to the Group.

Credit risk is the risk associated with the possibility that a buyer will default, by failing to make required payments in a timely manner or  
to comply with other conditions of an obligation or agreement. Where appropriate, the Group uses letters of credit to assist in mitigating  
such risks.

Counterparty risk crystallises when a party to an agreement defaults. Where letters of credit are used to minimise this risk, the Group uses a 
confirming bank with a similar or higher credit rating to mitigate country and/or credit risk of the issuing bank. 

Country risk is the potential volatility of foreign assets, whether receivables or investments, that is due to political and/or financial events in a 
given country. During the year the Group reduced its exposure to Ukraine trade receivables risk by increasing the level of production exported.

Group treasury monitors the concentration of all outstanding risks associated with any entity or country, and reports to the Group CFO on a 
timely basis.

Investment securities
The Group limits its cash exposure to credit, counterparty and country risk by only investing in liquid securities and with counterparties that 
are incorporated in an A+ or better (S&P) rated OECD country; and is rated by S&P or Moody’s at a level to long-term A (S&P) or short-term 
A2 (S&P) or better.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

109

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
Recognising that the principal activities of the Group are predominantly in Ukraine, special consideration is given to investments with Ukrainian 
counterparties. Exceptions may be made under the following conditions:
 >
 >

the counterparty is resident in Ukraine; and
the counterparty is included in the Top 15 financial institutions in Ukraine based on the Group’s assessment of the creditworthiness of the 
financial institution. 

Cash and deposits are held with the Group’s transactional bank in Ukraine, which is a related party financial institution. This bank is registered 
with the National Bank of Ukraine for receiving and disbursing payments under Group intercompany loans, and is an approved Ukrainian 
counterparty. The Group is therefore exposed to Ukraine country risk.

Guarantees
The Group’s policy is to provide financial guarantees only to wholly-owned subsidiaries. At 31 December 2010 Ferrexpo AG and Ferrexpo 
Finance plc were jointly and severally liable under a US$350 million loan agreement having an outstanding balance of US$350,000 thousand 
(31 December 2009: US$207,723 thousand).

Exposure to credit risk
The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting  
date was:

US$000 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 
Other financial assets 

Total maximum exposure to credit risk  

As at  
31.12.10 

319,470 
111,890 
1,164 

As at
 31.12.09

11,991
38,117
3,719

432,524 

53,827

The total receivables balance relating to the Group’s top three customers was US$73,749 thousand (2009: US$24,999 thousand) making up 
65.9% of the total amounts receivable (2009: 68.5%).

Impairment profile
The Group’s exposure to credit risk relating to trade and other receivables is disclosed in note 25.

Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group’s approach is to ensure, as 
far as possible, that it will always have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities when due, under both normal and stressed conditions, without 
incurring unacceptable losses or risking damage to the Group’s reputation by holding surplus cash or undrawn credit facilities.

The Group prepares detailed rolling cash flow forecasts, which assist it in monitoring cash flow requirements and optimising its cash return on 
investments. Typically the Group ensures that it has sufficient cash on demand and/or lines of credit to meet expected operational expenses 
for a period of 30 days, including the servicing of financial obligations; this excludes the potential impact of extreme circumstances that cannot 
reasonably be predicted, such as natural disasters. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
110

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities by interest type:

US$000 

Interest bearing 
Syndicated loans – secured 
Other banks – secured 
Obligation under finance lease   
Interest accrued 
Future interest payable 
Non interest bearing 
Trade and other payables  
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

US$000 

Interest bearing 
Syndicated loans – secured 
Other banks – secured 
Obligation under finance lease   
Interest accrued 
Future interest payable 
Non interest bearing 
Trade and other payables  
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

As at 31.12.10

Less than  
1 year 

Between 
1 to 2 years  

Between
2 to 5 years 

Total

– 
19,313 
2,832 
418 
29,812 

88,089 
23,393 
– 

142,288 
10,750 
2,999 
– 
24,305 

199,651 
27,275 
18,327 
– 
13,703 

341,939
57,338
24,158
418
67,820

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

88,089
23,393
–

163,857 

180,342 

258,956 

603,155

As at 31.12.09

Less than  
1 year 

Between 
1 to 2 years  

Between
2 to 5 years 

Total

207,727 
31,170 
1,264 
730 
9,923 

24,656 
12,146 
3,161 

– 
6,044 
1,419 
– 
3,827 

– 
5,500 
15,792 
– 
2,674 

207,727
42,714
18,475
730
16,424

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

24,656
12,146
3,161

290,777 

11,290 

23,966 

326,033

Currency risk
The Group is exposed to currency risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in a currency other than the respective 
functional currencies of the Group. Operating currencies for the Group are primarily the Ukrainian hryvnia, but also US dollars, Swiss francs, 
euro and sterling.

The Group’s major lines of borrowings and the majority of its sales are denominated in US dollars, with costs of local Ukrainian production 
mainly in hryvnia. During the year the value of the hryvnia moved from being pegged to a managed float.

Further devaluation of the Ukrainian hryvnia will reduce the operating costs of the production unit in US dollars terms and the value of hryvnia 
payables recorded in the statement of financial position at the year end in US dollars. As the majority of sales and receivables are 
denominated in US dollars, a devaluation in the local currency will result in operating exchange gains recorded in the income statement.

With a devaluation of the local currency, US dollar denominated loans held by the Ukrainian subsidiary will result in non-operating exchange 
losses to the extent these are not matched by US dollar denominated assets. Fixed assets are similarly held in local currency amounts and a 
devaluation in the currency will result in reduced net asset vales which are recorded in reserves.

The National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) manages and determines the official exchange rates. An inter-bank market for exchange of currencies 
exists in Ukraine and is monitored by the NBU. The Group, through its financial institutions, exchanges currencies at bank offered  
market rates.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

111

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
Trade receivables are predominately in US dollars and are not hedged. Trade payables denominated in a US dollars are also not hedged on 
the market, but are matched against US dollar currency receipts.This includes the interest expense which is principally payable in US dollars. 
Trade receivables and trade payables in other currencies are not hedged as a forward market for the currency is generally not available.

Other Group monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are considered immaterial as the exposure to currency risk 
mainly relates to corporate costs within Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

The Group’s exposure to foreign currency risk was as follows based on notional amounts:

US$000 

Financial assets 
Financial liabilities 

Syndicated bank loans – secured 
Other banks – secured 
Obligation under finance lease   
Interest accrued 

Total borrowings 

Trade and other payables 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

Net financial assets/(liabilities) 

US$000 

Financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Other banks – secured 
Obligation under finance lease   
Interest accrued 

Total borrowings 

Trade and other payables 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

As at 31.12.10

Ukraine  
hryvnia 

US 
dollar 

Euro  

Swiss 
franc 

Other
currencies 

Total

– 

111,589 

38,315 

375 

357 

150,636 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
(16,735) 
(24,088) 
(75) 

(40,898) 

(6,910) 
– 
– 

(47,808) 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

(501) 
– 
– 

(501) 

63,781 

37,814 

As at 31.12.09

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

(242) 
– 
– 

(242) 

133 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

–
(16,735)
(24,088)
(75)

(40,898)

(67) 
(81) 
(68) 

(7,720) 
(81)
(68)

(216) 

(48,767)

141 

101,869

Ukraine  
hryvnia 

249 

US 
dollar 

816 

(26,840) 
(18,475) 
(188) 

(45,503) 

(2,246) 
(17) 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

Euro  

2 

(124) 
– 
(5) 

(129) 

(811) 
(5) 

Swiss 
franc 

76 

Other
currencies 

Total

44 

1,187

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

(763) 
(419) 

(139) 
(106) 

(26,964)
(18,475)
(193)

(45,632)

(3,959)
(547)

(47,766) 

(945) 

(1,182) 

(245) 

(50,138)

Net financial assets/(liabilities) 

249 

(46,950) 

(943) 

(1,106) 

(201) 

(48,951)

Interest rate risk
The Group predominantly borrows funds that are at floating interest rates and is exposed to interest rate movements. The interest rate 
exposure to US dollars remained relatively low during the period, and no interest rate swaps have been entered into in this or prior periods.

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
112

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
Profile
At the reporting date the interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments was:

US$000 

Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Available-for-sale investments 
Trade receivables 
Other financial assets 

Total financial assets 

Weighted av. interest rate (%) 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

Weighted av. interest rate (%) 

US$000 

Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Available-for-sale investments 
Trade receivables 
Other financial assets 

Total financial assets 

Weighted av. interest rate (%) 

Financial liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 

Total financial liabilities 

Weighted av. interest rate (%) 

As at 31.12.10

Floating  
interest 

Other
Fixed  non-interest
bearing 

interest 

Total

161,912 
– 
– 
– 

156,507 
– 
– 
1,000 

1,051 
3,356 
111,890 
164 

319,470
3,356
111,890
1,164

161,912 

157,507 

116,461 

435,880

0.1% 

1.7%

– 
– 
403,832 
– 

– 
– 
19,603 
– 

88,089 
23,393 
418 
– 

88,089
23,393
423,853
-

403,832 

19,603 

111,900 

535,335

5.7% 

– 

As at 31.12.09

Floating  
interest 

Fixed 
interest 

Other
non-interest
bearing 

10,227 
– 
– 
2,550 

1,465 
– 
– 
– 

299 
3,543 
38,117 
1,169 

Total

11,991
3,543
38,117
3,719

12,777 

1,465 

43,128 

57,370

7.7% 

251,036 
– 

18,610 
– 

24,656 
12,146 
– 
3,161 

24,656
12,146
269,646
3,161

251,036 

18,610 

39,963 

309,609

4.1% 

– 

The interest rate maturity profile for financial liabilities is shown under the liquidity risk section. The interest rate maturity profile for financial 
assets is all current for both years, except for US$1,000 thousand of the floating rate loan to associate which matures between two to five 
years as at 31 December 2010 (2009: US$2,000 thousand).

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

113

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
Commodity risk
The Group is exposed to longer-term movements in the price of iron ore, but does not have a commodity risk exposure to its financial assets 
and liabilities once the sale has been made. Trade receivables are based on a fixed contract price, and so do not fluctuate with iron ore market 
prices. Similarly finished goods are held at cost, with revaluation to a spot price not applicable for iron ore pellets, there being no tradable 
exchange in the product to ascertain its market value.

Sensitivity analysis
A 20% strengthening of the US dollar against the following currencies at 31 December would have increased/(decreased) income statement 
and equity by the amounts shown below. This assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

US$000 

UAH 
EUR 
CHF 

Total 

Year ended 
31.12.10 
Income 
statement/ 
Equity 

Year ended
31.12.09
Income
statement/
Equity

12,756 
(7,563) 
(27) 

(9,440)
189
221

5,166 

(9,030)

A 20% weakening of the US dollar against the above currencies would have an equal but opposite effect to the amounts shown above, on the 
basis that all the other variables remain constant.

Fair value sensitivity analysis for fixed rate instruments
The Group does not account for any fixed rate financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, and the Group does not hold 
any derivatives (eg interest rate swaps). Therefore a change in interest rates at the reporting date would not affect profit or loss.

Cash flow sensitivity for fixed and variable rate instruments
An increase of 100 basis points in interest rates would have increased/(decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This 
analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.

US$000 

Net finance charge 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

(2,885) 

(2,080)

A decrease in of 100 bp would have an equal but opposite effect to the amounts shown above, on the basis that all the other variables remain 
constant.

Set out below are the carrying amounts and fair values of the Group’s financial instruments that are carried in the consolidated statement of 
financial position: 

US$000 

Financial assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total financial assets 

Financial liabilities 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings 

Total financial liabilities 

Carrying amount 

| 

Fair value

As at  
31.12.10 

As at 
31.12.09 

As at 
31.12.10 

As at
 31.12.09

3,356 
319,470 

3,543 
11,991 

3,356 
319,470 

3,543
11,991

322,826 

15,534 

322,826 

15,534

423,853 

269,646 

423,853 

276,419

423,853 

269,646 

423,853 

276,419

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
114

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
The fair values of interest bearing loans and borrowings are based on the cash flows discounted using market interest rates. 

The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables and payables are approximately equal to their carrying amounts due 
to their short maturity.

Fair value measurements recognised in the statement of financial position
The following table provides an analysis of financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, grouped into 
Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value is observable.

Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the 
asset or liability, either directly (ie as prices) or indirectly (ie derived from prices).

Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on 
observable market data (unobservable inputs).

US$000 

Financial assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets 

Total available-for-sale financial assets 

US$000 

Financial assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets 

Total available-for-sale financial assets 

There were no transfers between Level 1 and 2 in the period.

Reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements of financial assets

US$000 

Opening balance 
Total gains or losses: 
– in profit or loss 
– in other comprehensive income 
Purchases 
Issues 
Settlements 
Transfer out of level 3 

Closing balance 

As at 31.12.10

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total

3,356 

3,356 

– 

– 

– 

– 

3,356

3,356

As at 31.12.09

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

Total

1,449 

1,449 

– 

– 

2,104 

2,104 

3,553

3,553

As at  
31.12.2010 
Available- 
for-sale  
financial  
assets  
Unquoted  
equities 

As at
31.12.2009
Available-
for-sale
financial
assets
Unquoted
equities

2,104 

4,000

(1,896)

(2,104) 
– –
– –
– –
– –
– –

– 

2,104

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

115

Note 38: Financial instruments continued
Capital management
The Board’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base. The Board of Directors monitors both the demographic spread of shareholders, as 
well as the return on capital, which the Group defines as total shareholders’ equity, excluding non-controlling interests, and the level of 
dividends to Ordinary Shareholders. Please refer to the Statement of Changes in Equity for details of the capital position of the Group.

The Board seeks to maintain a balance between the higher returns that might be possible with higher levels of borrowings and advantages 
and security afforded by a sound capital position. Access to securing borrowings in the context of the events affecting the global financial 
credit markets during the year has affected the elasticity at which the Board can maintain this balance. The Board continues to support 
maintaining a sound capital base balanced against these market constraints.

The Board maintains a dividend policy consistent with the Group’s profile, reflecting the investment activities the Group is making on major 
projects for future production growth and the cash generated by existing operations, whilst maintaining a prudent level of dividend cover.

Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries are subject to externally imposed capital requirements other than a bank covenant 
requirement to maintain consolidated equity in respect of the Ferrexpo AG group of US$300,000 thousand including non-controlling interests. 
Compliance is ensured by balancing dividend payments against the earnings of the Ferrexpo AG group.

For more information about the Group’s interest bearing loans and borrowings, see note 30.

Note 39: Share-based payments
Listing bonus share award
Share awards were granted in 2007 to certain senior management following the successful listing of the Company on the London Stock 
Exchange in June 2007. A proportion of the award vests immediately with the remainder vesting over a period of up to four years, provided 
that the individual is still in the employment of the Group on the date of vesting. It has been assumed that all awards will vest.

The fair values of the awards were determined to be the closing share price on the date of award. The weighted average fair value (WAFV) of 
awards granted was determined at the date of grant to be US$3.33 per share.

The unvested portion of the award does not accrue dividends. There are no cash settlement alternatives.

The expense recognised under the scheme during the year to 31 December 2010 is US$55 thousand (2009: US$427 thousand), all of which 
arose from equity-settled share-based payment transactions. 

Beginning of the year 
Awards granted during the year  
Vested during the year 
Forfeited during the year 

Outstanding at 31 December 

Year ended  
31.12.10 
WAFV ($) 

Year ended 
31.12.09 
WAFV ($) 

Year ended 
31.12.10 
No. (’000) 

Year ended
31.12.09
No. (’000)

3.63 
– 
3.63 
– 

– 

3.63 
– 
3.63 
3.63 

3.63 

91 
– 
(91) 
– 

– 

442
–
(349)
(2)

91

Long-term incentive plan (LTIP)
The following share awards were granted under the LTIP and the Interim LTIP in the previous financial years. The LTIP runs for three years 
whereas the period for the Interim LTIP is two years. 

No. (’000) 

Year ended 31.12.10 
Year ended 31.12.09 
Year ended 31.12.08 

2010 LTIP 

2009 LTIP 

2008 LTIP 

Interim LTIP 

Total

330 
– 
– 

– 
320 
– 

– 
– 
695 

– 
– 
415 

330
320
1,110

The LTIP and Interim LTIP are subject to a performance condition based on the Total Shareholder Return (‘TSR’) compared to a comparator 
group, measured over the vesting period, as described in the Director’s Remuneration Report.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
116

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 39: Share-based payments continued
The following expenses have been recognised in 2010 and 2009 in respect of the LTIP and the Interim LTIP:

US$000 

Year ended 31.12.10 
Year ended 31.12.09 

2010 LTIP 

2009 LTIP 

2008 LTIP 

Interim LTIP 

Total

178 
– 

188 
80 

557 
1,836 

– 
1,480 

923
3,396

The awards of the Interim LTIP were forfeited in 2009 as they did not satisfy the market related performance conditions as of 31 December 2009.

The fair value of these awards was assessed at their grant date using a simulation or ‘Monte Carlo’ model consistent with the mathematics 
underlying the standard Black-Scholes options pricing model, extended to allow for the performance conditions. Each simulation of the model 
projects the Company’s and comparator’s share prices (with reinvested dividends) over the vesting period, allowing for the volatilities and 
correlations between the shares as estimated from historical data. From this projection the proportion of awards vesting, and the value to 
employees, is calculated. 100,000 simulations were run to calculate the fair values. The fair value is set as the average value over all the 
simulations.

LTIP 
Beginning of the year 
Awards granted during the year  
Forfeited during the year 
Lapsed during the year 
Vested during the year 

Outstanding at 31 December 

Interim LTIP 
Beginning of the year 
Awards granted during the year  
Forfeited during the year 
Vested during the year 

Outstanding at 31 December 

Note 40: Operating profit by function

US$000 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 

Gross profit 

Selling and distribution expenses 
General and administrative expenses 
Other income 
Other expenses 
Operating foreign exchange gain 

Operating profit 

Share of profit of associates 

Year ended  
31.12.10 
WAFV ($) 

Year ended 
31.12.09 
WAFV ($) 

Year ended 
31.12.10 
No. (’000) 

Year ended
31.12.09
No. (’000)

4.11 
3.28 
3.47 
– 
– 

3.92 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

5.52 
1.94 
5.52 
5.52 
– 

4.11 

5.22 
– 
5.22 
– 

– 

810 
330 
(235) 
– 
– 

905 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

695
320
(180)
(25)
–

810 

–
415
–
–

415

Before  
adjusting  
items 

Notes 

Adjusted 
items  

Year ended 
31.12.10 

Before
adjusting 
items 

Adjusted 
items  

Year ended
31.12.09

6  1,294,900 
(481,857) 
7 

813,043 

(212,006) 
(49,175) 
4,515 
(5,938) 
(1,078) 

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 

–  1,294,900 
(481,857) 
– 

648,667 
(341,067) 

– 

813,043 

307,600 

– 
– 
– 
(11,291) 
– 

(212,006) 
(49,175) 
4,515 
(17,229) 
(1,078) 

(162,266) 
(43,161) 
4,102 
(3,418) 
2,534 

549,361 

(11,291)  538,070 

105,391 

14 

4,155 

– 

4,155 

1,304 

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
(2,468) 
– 

– 

– 

648,667
(341,067)

307,600

(162,266)
(43,161)
4,102
(5,886)
2,534

102,923

1,304

Total profit from operations and associates 

553,516 

(11,291)  542,225 

106,695 

(2,468)  104,227

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

117

Note 40: Operating profit by function continued
Summary of adjusted items:

US$000 

Operating adjusting items 
Under recovery of VAT receivable 
Write-offs and impairment losses 
Gain on bargain purchase 
Initial public offering costs 
(Losses)/gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment 

Total operating adjusting items 

Notes 

Year ended  
31.12.10 

Year ended
31.12.09

27 
13 
15 
39 

(10,936) 
(1,618) 
2,623 
(55) 
(1,305) 

–
(2,757)
503
(427)
213

(11,291) 

(2,468)

Note 41: Business combination
Subsidiaries acquired
On 31 December 2010, the Group acquired Helogistics Holding GmbH and its subsidiaries (‘Helogistics’) in order to develop the Group’s 
distribution and logistics capabilities. The acquisition agreements were signed on 14 December 2010 and the completion of the acquisition 
was subject to the approval from the Austrian merger control authorities which was obtained on 10 January 2011. The Group however 
obtained effective control on the 14 December 2010 and Helogistics has been consolidated as at the 31 December 2010 as no material 
transactions or events occurred between 14 December 2010 and 31 December 2010 that would have a material impact on the amounts 
recognised in the income statement in that period.

The controlled entities acquired as part of this business combination are identified below:

Subsidiaries 

Helogistics Holding GmbH (Group) 
EDDSG GmbH 
DDSG Tankschiffahrt GmbH 
Helogistics Transport GmbH 
Mahart Duna Cargo Kft. 
Pancar Kft. 

Country of  
incorporation 

Austria 
Austria 
Austria 
Austria 
Hungary 
Hungary 

Principal activity 

Holding company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 
Logistic company 

Proportion
of shares
 acquired in %

100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

Consideration transferred
No consideration has been transferred in cash for this acquisition to previous shareholders of the Helogistics. Transaction costs of US$1,624 
thousand have been incurred and expensed by the Group. These costs are included in general and administrative expenses.

In relation with the acquisition of Helogistics Holding GmbH, the Group acquired bank debts amounting to US$95,472 thousand for a 
consideration transferred in cash to the lending banks of US$37,768 thousand. The amount was held in an escrow account at 31 December 
2010 as the financial closing of the transaction was on 19 January 2011. The debts acquired have been fair valued for the purpose of the 
acquisition accounting.

There is no contingent consideration to be paid by the Group to the previous shareholders of Helogistics. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
118

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information continued

Note 41: Business combination continued
Assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition 
The provisional fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities assumed of Helogistics as at the date of acquisition were:

US$000 

Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment   
Financial assets 
Intangible assets 
Deferred tax assets 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Prepayments and other current assets 
Available-for-sale financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents  
Assets classified as held for sale 

Total assets acquired 

Non-current liabilities 
Defined benefit pension liability  
Deferred tax liabilities 

Current liabilities 
Interest bearing loans and borrowings  
Trade and other payables  
Income taxes payable 
Accrued liabilities and deferred income 

Total liabilities assumed 

Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired 

Helogistics 
Holding 
GmbH

65,348
4 
1,637
5,258

2,252
3,096
4,179
7
582
3,149

85,512

(819)
(1,875)

(38,726)
(14,596)
(81)
(15,911)

(72,008)

13,504

The fair value of intangible assets consists of licenses amounting to US$397 thousand and capitalised software of US$2,140 thousand. The 
license were capitalised as acquired intangible assets in the course of the accounting for the business combination. The Group acquired trade 
and other receivables amounting to US$3,096 thousand. This amount is net of an allowance for doubtful receivables of US$564 thousand. 
The outstanding balances with the five largest customers representing 65.3% of the total balance as of 31 December 2010 were fully paid in 
March 2011.

The initial accounting for the acquisition of Helogistics has been provisionally determined at the end of the reporting period. At the date of 
finalisation of these financial statements, the fair values of the vessels acquired and the certain liabilities assumed had not been finalised and 
they have therefore been provisionally determined based on the directors’ best estimate of the likely values. The actual fair values may also 
impact the recognised fair values of the other assets acquired as part of the business combination. 

Non-controlling interests from business combination
The Group acquired 100% of Helogistics Holding GmbH which wholly owned its subsidiaries listed above. The business combination did not 
result in the recognition of any non-controlling interests to be measured at fair value.

Bargain purchase arising on acquisition
The acquisition of Helogistics resulted in a bargain purchase of US$2,623 thousand recognised in profit or loss as of 31 December 2010. 

US$000 

Consideration paid in cash 
Value of pre-existing loan balances  
Less: fair value of identifiable net assets acquired 

Bargain purchase on acquisition 

Helogistics 
Holding 
GmbH

–
10,881
(13,504)

2,623

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

119

Note 41: Business combination continued
Loans amounting to US$10,881 thousand were provided by the Group to Helogistics prior to the acquisition. These loan balances were 
considered to be settled for the purpose of the business combination. The amount of US$10,881 thousand reflects the fair value of the loans 
granted. As a result of overcapacity in its market, Helogistics sustained continual losses allowing Ferrexpo to acquire Helogistics at a 
consideration below the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, resulting in the recognition of a gain on bargain 
purchase amounting to US$2,623 thousand. Further information is provided on page 23 in the Operational Review of the Annual Report. 

No tax impact is expected on the gain on bargain purchase arising on this transaction. 

Net cash outflow on acquisition

US$000 

Consideration paid in cash 
Cash and cash equivalent balances acquired1 
Transaction costs of the acquisition2 

Net cash outflow on acquisition (net of cash acquired)   

1 
2 

Included in cash flow from investing activities.
Included in cash flow from operating activities.

Helogistics 
Holding 
GmbH

–
582 
(1,624)

(1,042)

Impact of acquisition on the result of the Group
Had this business combination been affected at 1 January 2010, the revenue of the Group would have been US$52,200 thousand higher, and 
the profit for the year would have been US$13,300 thousand lower. The Directors of the Group consider these ‘pro-forma’ numbers to 
represent an approximate measure of the performance of the combined group on an annualised basis and to provide a reference point for 
comparison in future periods.

Note 42: Events after the reporting period
No material adjusting or non-adjusting events have occurred subsequent to the year end other than the proposed dividend disclosed in note 
18 and the completion of the acquisition of Helogistics Holding GmbH and its subsidiaries described in note 41.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
120

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Parent Company Balance Sheet

US$000 

Fixed assets 
Non-current investments 
 Subsidiary undertakings 

Total fixed assets 

Current assets
Debtors – amounts falling due:   
  Amounts due from subsidiaries 
  Deferred tax assets 
  Prepayments and other current assets 
  Other taxes recoverable and prepaid 
  Cash at bank and in hand  

Total current assets 

Creditors – amounts falling due within one year
  Trade and other creditors 
  Accruals and deferred income  
  Income taxes payable 
  Other taxes payable 

Total creditors 

Net assets 

Represented by
Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Treasury share reserve 
Employee benefit trust reserve   
Retained earnings 

Total capital and reserves 

All liabilities held by the Company are current in nature.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 22 March 2011.

Kostyantin Zhevago 
Chief Executive Officer 

Christopher Mawe
Chief Financial Officer

Notes 

As at 
31.12.10 

As at
 31.12.09

2 

147,496 

134,732

147,496 

134,732

134,441 
1,156 
1,165 
3 
20 

181,026
1,596
1,121
10
25

136,785 

183,778

512 
900 
16 –
– 

357
450

3,233 

1,428 

4,040

282,853 

314,470

121,628 
185,112 
(77,260) 
(10,172) 
63,545 

121,628
185,112
(77,260)
(11,593)
96,583

282,853 

314,470

3 

5 
6 

7 

4 
4 
4 
4 
4 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

121

Parent Company Notes to the Financial Statements

Note 1: Parent company accounting policies
Basis of preparation
The parent company financial statements of Ferrexpo plc are presented as required by the Companies Act 2006 and were approved for issue 
on 22 March 2011. The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention and are prepared in accordance with applicable 
UK accounting standards. No profit and loss account is presented by the Company as permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006.

The Company is exempt from the disclosure requirements of FRS 29 Financial Instruments, under its section 2D (a) as the entity is included in 
publicly available consolidated financial statements, which include disclosures that comply with FRS 29/IFRS 7.

Disclosures and narratives have not included information required by that standard, as the Group’s consolidated financial statements, in which 
the Company is included, provide equivalent disclosures for the Group under IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures.

Investments
Equity investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less any provision for impairments.

Deferred income tax
Deferred income tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the reporting date where 
transactions or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more, or a right to pay less or to receive more, tax, with 
the following exceptions:
 >

provision is made for deferred tax that would arise on remittance of the retained earnings of overseas subsidiaries, associates and joint 
ventures only to the extent that, at the reporting date, dividends have been accrued as receivable; and
deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that the Directors consider that it is more likely than not that there will be suitable 
taxable profits from which the future reversal of the underlying timing differences can be deducted. Deferred tax is measured on an 
undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which timing differences reverse, based on tax rates and 
laws enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

 >

Foreign currencies
The Company’s functional currency and presentation currency is US dollars. Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the 
functional currency by applying the spot exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in 
foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date. Non-monetary items that are 
measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. 
Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value  
was determined.

Financial instruments
Derivative financial instruments
The Company does not hold any derivative financial instruments.

Non-derivative financial instruments
Non-derivative financial instruments comprise investments in equity and debt securities (promissory notes), trade and other receivables, cash 
and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings and trade and other payables. Non-derivative financial instruments are recognised at fair value 
(being the fair value of the consideration given or received) plus any directly attributable transaction costs.

All regular way purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on the trade date ie the date that the Group commits to purchase or 
sell the asset. Regular way purchases or sales are those that require delivery of assets within the period generally established by regulation or 
convention in the marketplace.

The Company has not designated any financial asset as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.

Other
Other non-derivative financial instruments are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method less any impairment losses.

122

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Parent Company Notes to the Financial Statements 
continued

Note 1: Parent company accounting policies continued
Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market, do not 
qualify as trading assets and have not been designated as either fair value through profit or loss or available-for-sale. Such assets are carried 
at amortised cost using the effective interest method if the time value of money is significant. Gains and losses are recognised in income when 
the loans and receivables are derecognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process.

Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired. Investments in subsidiaries 
undertakings are held at cost. The Company assesses investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that the carrying amount of an investment may not be recoverable. If any such indication of impairment exists, the Company makes an 
estimate of its recoverable amount (valuation). Where the carrying amount of an investment exceeds its recoverable amount, the investment is 
considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount.

Assets carried at amortised cost
If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on loans and receivables carried at amortised cost has been incurred, the amount of the 
loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future 
credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate (ie the effective interest rate 
computed at initial recognition). The carrying amount of the asset is reduced, with the amount of the loss recognised in administration costs. 
If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring 
after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed. Any subsequent reversal of an impairment loss  
is recognised in the profit and loss account, to the extent that the carrying value of the asset does not exceed its amortised cost at the 
reversal date.

Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities
A financial asset or liability is generally derecognised when the contract that gives rise to it is settled, sold, cancelled or expires. Where an 
existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are 
substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as a derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new 
liability, such that the difference in the respective carrying amounts together with any costs or fees incurred are recognised in profit or loss.

Share-based payments
Equity-settled transactions
The cost of equity-settled transactions with employees is measured by reference to the fair value at the grant date and is recognised as an 
expense over the vesting period, which ends on the date on which the relevant employees become fully entitled to the award. Fair value is 
determined by reference to the quoted closing share price on the grant date.

In valuing equity-settled transactions, no account is taken of any vesting conditions, except for market conditions. No expense is recognised 
for awards that do not ultimately vest.

At each reporting date before vesting, the cumulative expense is calculated; representing the extent to which the vesting period has expired 
and management’s best estimate of the achievement or otherwise of non-market conditions and of the number of equity instruments that will 
ultimately vest. The movement in cumulative expense since the previous reporting date is recognised in the income statement, with a 
corresponding entry in equity.

All costs related to the share-based payments of the Group are recorded in Ferrexpo plc. Note 42 provides further information on the valuation 
related to the share-based payments and the costs recorded.

Employee benefit trust reserve
Ferrexpo plc shares held by the Company are classified in capital and reserves, as ‘employee benefit trust reserves’ and recognised at cost. 
Consideration received for the sale of such shares is also recognised in equity, with any difference between the proceeds from sale and the 
original cost taken to revenue reserves. No gain or loss is recognised on the purchase, sale issue or cancellation of equity shares.

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

123

Note 2: Investments

US$000 

Non-current investments 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

147,496 

134,732

The balance above relates to the Company’s investment in Ferrexpo AG which is a 100% owned subsidiary based on Switzerland. During the 
financial year 2010, the Company purchased 3,178,877 shares of Ferrexpo AG which have been previously held in treasury by the subsidiary.

Note 3: Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax assets at 31 December 2010 relate to the following:

US$000 

Deferred tax assets: 
  Tax loss recognised 
  Timing difference on IPO costs  

Total deferred tax assets 

Note 4: Capital and reserves

US$000 

At 1 January 2009 
Profit for the period 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Equity dividends paid to shareholders 
Share-based payments 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

430 
726 

1,156 

370
1,226

1,596

Issued capital 

121,628 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Share 
premium 

185,112 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Treasury 
share 
reserve 

(77,260) 
– 
– 
– 
– 

Employee 
benefit 
trust  
reserve 

Retained
earnings 

(15,443)  134,508 
1,625 
1,625 
(39,550) 
– 

– 
– 
– 
3,850 

Total equity

348,545
1,625
1,625
(39,550)
3,850

At 31 December 2009 

121,628 

185,112 

(77,260) 

(11,593) 

96,583 

314,470

Profit for the period 
Total comprehensive income for the year 
Equity dividends paid to shareholders 
Share-based payments 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
1,421 

5,544 
5,544 
(38,582) 
– 

5,544
5,544
(38,582)
1,421

At 31 December 2010 

121,628 

185,112 

(77,260) 

(10,172) 

63,545 

282,873

Note 5: Trade and other creditors
Trade and other creditors at 31 December 2010 relate to the following:

US$000 

Trade and other creditors: 
Falling due within one year 

Total trade and other creditors 

Note 6: Accrued liabilities and deferred income
Accrued liabilities and deferred income at 31 December 2010 relate to the following:

US$000 

Accrued liabilities and deferred income: 
Falling due within one year 

Total accrued liabilities and deferred income 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

512 

512 

357

357

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

900 

900 

450

450

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
124

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Parent Company Notes to the Financial Statements 
continued

Note 7: Other taxes payable
Other taxes payable at 31 December 2010 comprises the following taxes:

US$000 

Other taxes payable: 
Withholding tax on dividend 
Other taxes  

Total other taxes payable 

As at  
31.12.10 

As at
31.12.09

– 
– 

– 

3,225
8

3,233

Note 8: Related party disclosures
There are no related party transactions and balances to be disclosed. All transactions and balances are with subsidiaries, which are  
wholly owned.

Note 9: Auditor remuneration
The audit fee in respect of the parent company was US$16 thousand (2009: US$16 thousand).

Note 10: Events after the reporting period
No material adjusting or non-adjusting events have occurred subsequent to the year end other than the proposed dividend disclosed in note 
18 to the consolidated financial statements and the refinancing of the Group described below.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

125

Glossary

Act 

AGM 

The Companies Act 2006

The Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held on Thursday 26 May 2011

Articles 

Articles of Association of the Company

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee of the Company’s Board

Belanovo or Belanovskoye  An iron ore deposit situated immediately to the north of Yeristovo

Benchmark Price 

International seaborne traded iron ore benchmark price agreed between the major iron ore producers and 
specific West European or British steel producers for a given year

BIP 

Board 

bt 

Cape size 

Business Improvement Programme, a programme of projects to increase production output and efficiency at 
FPM

The Board of Directors of the Company

Billion tonnes

Cape size vessels are typically above 150,000 tonnes deadweight. Ships in this class include oil tankers, 
supertankers and bulk carriers transporting coal, ore, and other commodity raw materials

Capital Employed 

The aggregate of equity attributable to shareholders, non-controlling interests and borrowings 

CFR 

C1 Costs 

CIF 

CIS 

Delivery including cost and freight

Cash costs per tonne of pellets, ex-works, excluding administrative and distribution costs

Delivery including cost, insurance and freight

The Commonwealth of Independent States

Combined Code 

The Combined Code on Corporate Governance published by the Financial Reporting Council in June 2008 

Company 

Ferrexpo plc, a public company incorporated in England and Wales with limited liability

CPI 

CSR 

Consumer Price Index

Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility

CSR Committee 

The Corporate Safety and Social Responsibility Committee of the Board of the Company

DAF 

DFS 

Delivery at frontier

Detailed Feasibility Study

Directors 

The Directors of the Company

Dragline excavators 

Heavy excavators used to excavate material. A dragline consists of a large bucket which is suspended from  
a boom

EBITDA 

EBT 

EPS 

The Group calculates EBITDA as profit from continuing operations before tax and finance plus depreciation 
and amortisation (included in cost of sales, administrative expenses and selling and distribution costs) and 
non-recurring cash items included in other income and other expenses plus the net of gains and losses from 
disposal of investments and property, plant and equipment

Employee Benefit Trust

Earnings per share

Executive Committee 

The Executive Committee of management appointed by the Company’s Board

126

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Glossary continued

Executive Directors 

The Executive Directors of the Company

Fe 

Iron

Ferrexpo 

Ferrexpo plc

Ferrexpo AG Group 

Ferrexpo AG and its subsidiaries including FPM

Fevamotinico S.a.r.l.  

A company incorporated with limited liability in Luxembourg

FOB 

FPM 

FRMC 

FTSE 250 

FYM 

GPL 

Group 

Delivered free on board 

Ferrexpo Poltava Mining, also known as Ferrexpo Poltava GOK Corporation or PGOK, a company 
incorporated under the laws of Ukraine

Financial Risk Management Committee, a sub-committee of the Executive Committee 

Financial Times Stock Exchange top 250 companies

Ferrexpo Yeristovskoye Mining, also known as YGOK, a company incorporated under the laws of Ukraine to 
administer the three major growth projects

Gorishne, Plavninskoye and Lavrikovskoye Mine, the mine operated by FPM

The Company and its subsidiaries

Growth Markets 

Those markets that offer to add new and significant tonnage expansion potential

Helogistics 

Helogistics Holding GmbH and its subsidiaries, an inland waterway transport group operating on the Danube/
Rhine corridor

HSE 

IAS 

IASB 

IFRS 

IPO 

Health, safety and environment

International Accounting Standards

International Accounting Standards Board

International Financial Reporting Standards, as adopted by the EU

Initial public offering

Iron ore concentrate 

Product of the flotation process with enriched iron content

Iron ore sinter fines 

Fine ground iron ore

Iron ore pellets 

Dried and hardened agglomerate of iron ore concentrate, whose physical properties are well suited for 
transportation and downstream processing in a blast furnace

JORC 

K22 

KPI 

kt 

LIBOR 

LLC 

LTIFR 

Australasian Joint Ore Reserves Committee – the internationally accepted code for ore classification

GPL ore has been classified as either K22 or K23 quality, of which K22 ore is of higher quality (richer)

Key Performance Indicator

Thousand tonnes

The London Inter Bank Offered Rate

Limited Liability Company

Lost-Time Injury Frequency Rate

 
Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

127

LTIP 

m3 

Long-Term Incentive Plan

Cubic metre

Majority Shareholder 

Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., The Minco Trust and Kostyantin Zhevago (together)

mm 

mt 

mtpa 

Millimetre

Million tonnes

Million tonnes per annum

Natural Markets 

Relatively new markets in regions where the Group believes it has competitive advantage which is yet to  
be exploited

Nominations Committee 

The Nominations Committee of the Company’s Board

Non-executive Directors  Non-executive directors of the Company

NOPAT 

Net operating profit after tax

OHSAS 18001 

International safety standard ‘Occupational Health & Safety Management System Specification’

Ordinary Shares 

Ordinary Shares of 10 pence each in the Company

Ore 

Panamax 

A mineral or mineral aggregate containing precious or useful minerals in such quantities, grade and chemical 
combination as to make extraction economic

Modern Panamax ships typically carry a weight of between 65,000 to 75,000 tonnes of iron ore and can 
transit both Panama and Suez canals

PPI 

Ukrainian producer price index

Probable reserves 

Those measured and/or indicated mineral resources which are not yet ‘proved’, but of which detailed technical 
and economic studies have demonstrated that extraction can be justified at the time of the determination and 
under specific economic conditions

Proved reserves 

Measured mineral resources of which detailed technical and economic studies have demonstrated that 
extraction can be justified at the time of determination and under specific economic conditions

Rail car 

Railway wagon used for the transport of iron ore concentrate or pellets

Relationship Agreement 

The relationship agreement entered into among Fevamotinico S.a.r.l., Kostyantin Zhevago, The Minco Trust 
and the Company 

Remuneration Committee  The Remuneration Committee of the Company’s Board

Reserves 

$/t 

Sinter 

Spot price 

Sterling/£ 

STIP 

Those parts of mineral resources for which sufficient information is available to enable detailed or conceptual 
mine planning and for which such planning has been undertaken. Reserves are classified as either proved or 
probable 

US dollars per tonne

A porous aggregate charged directly to the blast furnace which is normally produced by firing relatively 
courser fine iron ore, other materials, and coke breeze as the heat source

The current price of a metal for immediate delivery

Pound sterling, the currency of the United Kingdom

Short-Term Incentive Plan

128

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Glossary continued

Tailings 

Tolling 

Ton 

The waste material produced from ore after economically recoverable metals or minerals have been extracted. 
Changes in metal prices and improvements in technology can sometimes make the tailings economic to 
process at a later date

The process by which a customer supplies concentrate to a smelter and the smelter invoices the customer the 
smelting charge, and possibly a refining charge, and then returns the metal to the customer

A US short ton, equal to 0.9072 metric tonnes

tonne or t 

Metric tonne

Treasury Shares 

A company’s own issued shares that it has purchased but not cancelled

TSF 

Tailings storage facility

Traditional Markets 

Markets that the Group has supplied historically and in which it enjoys a competitive advantage based on its 
location. These include Austria, Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria and Russia

TSR 

Total shareholder return. The total return earned on a share over a period of time, measured as the dividend 
per share plus capital gain, divided by initial share price

Ukraine 

The Republic of the Ukraine

Underlying earnings 

An alternative measure which the Directors believe provided a clearer picture of the underlying financial 
performance of the Group’s operations. Underlying earnings is presented as profit attributable to equity 
shareholders before adjusted items. Adjusted items are those items of financial performance that the Group 
believes should be separately disclosed on the face of the income statement to assist in the understanding of 
the underlying financial performance achieved by the Group. Adjusted items that relate to the operating 
performance of the Group include impairment charges and reversals and other exceptional items. Non-
operating adjusting items include profits and losses of investments and businesses as well as IPO costs and 
non-operating foreign exchange gains and losses

UAH 

Ukr SEPRO 

Ukrainian hryvnia, the currency of the Republic of the Ukraine

The quality certification system in Ukraine, regulated by law to ensure conformity with safety and 
environmental standards

US$ or Dollars 

United States dollars, the currency of the United States of America

USS 

VAT 

Value-in-use 

United States Steel Corporation

Value Added Tax

The implied value of a material to an end user to use one material relative to other options, eg comparing 
performance of several types of iron ore pellets into a blast furnace; taking into account the delivered cost of a 
material and rates relative to other competition materials on a quality and landed cost adjusted basis

WMS 

Wet magnetic separation

Yeristovo or Yeristovskoye  The mine being developed by FYM

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts 2010

Shareholder Information

Ferrexpo plc is a Swiss-headquartered resources 
company with assets in Ukraine and is principally  
involved in the production of iron ore pellets which  
are used in the manufacture of steel.

How have we performed this year?   
> p.01 – Group highlights 

Where are our operations? 
> p.04 – Our resource base

What is our investment proposition? 
> p.08 – Our strategy explained

How have we performed against our strategy?    
> p.18 – Key Performance Indicators

How are we going to continue our growth? 
> p.06 – Chairman and Chief Executive’s Statement

Registered Office
2–4 King Street
London
SW1Y 6QL
Web: www.ferrexpo.com

Advisors
Share Registrars
Equiniti
Aspect House 
Spencer Road
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 
UK 
Tel: 0871 384 2030
Overseas +44 121 415 7047
Web: www.equiniti.com

Financial
JPMorgan Cazenove Ltd
20 Moorgate
London EC2R 6DA

Corporate brokers
JP Morgan Cazenove Ltd
20 Moorgate
London EC2R 6DA

Deutsche Bank AG
1 Great Winchester Street
London EC2N 2DB

Legal
Allen & Overy LLP
One Bishops Square
London E1 6AD

Auditors
Ernst & Young LLP
1 More London Place
London SE1 2AF

Ferrexpo plc
Registered Office:
2-4 King Street,
London
SW1Y 6QL

Ferrexpo plc
Annual Report and Accounts
2010

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Producing  
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www.ferrexpo.com