Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / First Financial Bancorp

First Financial Bancorp

ffbc · NASDAQ Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker ffbc
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 1001-5000
← All annual reports
FY2022 Annual Report · First Financial Bancorp
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
2022
annual report  

129 CONSECUTIVE 

QUARTERS OF 
PROFITABILITY

Net Income
(dollars in millions)

$198.1

$172.6

$155.8

$217.6

$205.2

YEARS OF 
STRENGTH & 

STABILITY159

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Total Assets
(dollars in billions)

$14.5

$14.0

$16.0

$16.3

$17.0

Total Loans
(dollars in billions)

$9.2

$8.8

$9.9

$10.3

$9.3

Total Deposits
(dollars in billions)

$10.1

$10.2

$12.9

$12.7

$12.2

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Diluted Earnings 
Per Share

$1.93

$2.00

$2.30

$2.14

Return 
On Assets

1.37%

1.39%

$1.59

Return On Equity

1.33%

1.28%

9.85%

9.11%

9.08%

10.34%

1.00%

7.02%

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

dear fellow shareholders, 

Financial Performance 
Our measured and consistent approach to financial 
management resulted in impressive 2022 results. Our 
adjusted earnings per share of $2.36 was a record, an 
increase of 3% over 2021. Revenue increased 14% 
compared to the prior year to $709 million, another 
record level for the Bank. Net interest income grew by 
15%, largely due to short-term rate increases. 

Asset quality remained excellent due to our disciplined 
credit administration. Loan growth exceeded $1 billion 
for the year, with positive gains across all lines of business.

Record fee income increased by 11% for the year, as 
our acquisition of Summit Funding Group drove new 
fees, and revenue from our Bannockburn Global Forex 
division grew by 23% to a record $55 million. The 
growth in fee income helps validate our strategy of 
diversifying revenue streams through the acquisition  
of specialty businesses. Additionally, Yellow Cardinal 
Advisory Group, our Wealth Management division, 
significantly expanded its client base and produced 
record asset sales this year, despite pressures on fee 
income due to an underperforming market. 

As the Bank maintains a steadfast focus on financial 
performance, we will continue to explore investments 
in growth opportunities, focus on simplifying business 
processes, and strive to meet the changing needs of 
our clients and communities.

Our 2022 financial 
results were 
outstanding, with 
record revenue, 
profits, and solid 
credit quality and 
liquidity.

2022 annual report 1

Archie M. Brown  
President &  
Chief Executive  
Officer

I am excited to share with you First Financial Bancorp’s 
2022 Annual Report. The Bank delivered impressive 
results in a year that was not without its challenges. 
Higher interest rates as a result of the Federal Reserve’s 
efforts to mitigate rising inflation fueled uneasiness for 
consumers, businesses, investors, and shareholders. 
These headwinds are still present as we enter 2023,  
but last year’s performance has First Financial well 
positioned to face the challenges and opportunities  
that lie ahead.

Our 2022 financial results were outstanding, with record 
revenue, profits, and solid credit quality and liquidity. 
Our underlying fundamentals and balance sheet remain 
strong, and our outlook for earnings in the coming year 
remains optimistic, despite recessionary fears that 
continue to negatively impact stock valuations.

In the face of this uncertainty, one constant remains – 
the unwavering effort and commitment of our First 
Financial associates. They have embraced our top 
corporate priorities and continue to focus on meeting 
and exceeding the needs of our clients and communities 
every single day. This sense of community is a bedrock 
of our culture, and the ability to work alongside a 
passionate, intelligent, and warm group of people is not 
something everyone is able to enjoy. I am grateful that I 
have this opportunity.

Executing Our Strategy 
The key to long-term, sustainable success at  
First Financial Bank is clear: growing core client 
relationships. These are generational relationships, 
forged by years of trust and favorable financial 
outcomes that help our clients achieve their goals, no 
matter where they are along their personal journeys. 

Success builds upon itself, and from each successful 
client relationship we develop, another opportunity is 
created. The innovative and complementary financial 
products and solutions we offer – from deposit accounts 
and home equity lines of credit to estate planning and 
investment advice – will provide opportunities for 
clients to improve their financial wellness while driving 
organic growth for the Bank. This also applies to 
commercial clients, where each solution we implement 
presents concentric growth potential by serving the 
needs of businesses, owners, and employees alike. We 
complement core banking services with our specialty 
business lines that produce consistent earnings 
through loan- and fee-based services. These include 
complete wealth management and business succession 
services, equipment financing, capital markets and foreign 
exchange, and industry-specific financing solutions.

With this wide range of consumer and commercial 
needs and the current economic climate, we have 
positioned ourselves to grow those critical core client 
relationships by focusing on these top priorities:

•  Loan growth: A laser focus on developing organic, 
consistent, and sustainable loan growth until it 
becomes a part of our DNA.

•  Establishing a client-driven, line-of-business-led 
model: Align to a client-driven, line-of-business-
led model, one that puts the client at the center  
of everything we do, enabling teams to deliver 
exceptional support and build strong core relationships.

•  Simplification and Efficiency: Simplify business 
processes, discontinue low-priority initiatives, 
eliminate friction, and reduce overhead.

•  Associate Engagement: Position associate 

engagement as the centerpiece of our investment 
in our people.

Our Diversified Lines of Business
First Financial Bank’s continuum of core banking and 
specialty financial services affords consumer and 
business clients the full-service experience they prefer, 
while positioning us as an attractive choice for 
investors. Our diversified specialty business offerings 
have allowed us to capitalize on favorable market 
conditions in areas like foreign exchange, equipment 
leasing, and industry-specific lending, while mitigating 
the impacts on our overall financial exposure during 
more challenging economic climates. 

We were pleased with the improved loan production 
and growth in our Commercial Banking business, 
driven in part by investments in technology, the 
implementation of new processes, and a significant 
effort to more effectively align our leadership and top 
talent. Our ability to access more accurate data and 
client insights and a focus on more frequent customer-
facing engagements have helped us earn greater 
confidence and trust from our clients. In short, our team 
is better positioned to do what they do best – assess 
and recommend the financial solutions that drive our 
clients’ success. 

Last year, we expanded our existing commercial business 
footprint into Chicago and Cleveland, natural 
geographic extensions and new markets for the Bank. 
We are excited about the possibilities each of these 
markets presents and look forward to sharing the results 
of these new initiatives. 

safety and 
soundness

•  First Financial holds a 5-star rating with 

Bauer Financial, the highest rating available 

•  We are rated Investment Grade by  

Kroll Bond Rating Agency

•  Our capital ratios significantly exceed 

regulatory and internal targets

•  Our investment and lending portfolios are 

well diversified

•  We focus on meeting the financial needs 
of consumers and businesses within the 
communities we serve

2

first financial Bancorp

Warzala Joins FFBC Board of Directors
Gary Warzala, a security and risk management executive 
advisor with Gartner, Inc., was elected to First Financial 
Bancorp’s Board of Directors on May 24, 2022. Warzala has 
served as a chief information security officer and is a board 
member of the Economic Crime & Cybersecurity Institute  
of Utica College, and the INTERalliance of Cincinnati. He  
also serves as an industry advisory board member for the 
University of Cincinnati.

2022 annual report 3

retail banking
Re-imagined financial center 
locations offer more accessible, 
full-service banking solutions that 
bring specialized talent under one 
roof, including mortgages, wealth 
management, small business, 
financial wellness, and other 
specialized services.

4

first financial Bancorp

Our Consumer Banking division made significant 
progress in talent acquisition and training, distribution 
enhancements, and customer service. To better 
accommodate evolving consumer preferences, we have 
implemented a retail banking model to optimize the 
distribution of our financial centers and financial service 
expertise throughout our four-state footprint. In many 
markets, re-imagined financial center locations offer 
our clients and communities more accessible, full-
service banking solutions that bring specialized talent 
under one roof, eliminating the need to travel to 
multiple locations for mortgages, wealth management, 
small business, financial wellness, and other  
specialized services. 

Our Consumer Lending team has been optimized to 
provide end-to-end fulfillment, product development, 
pricing, and process management, while enhancing the 
overall client lending experience. Our team is focused 
on improving the design and delivery of our services by 
coordinating the efforts of their teams with other 
business partners to drive exceptional person-to-
person and digital client experiences. 

We made substantial changes in 2022 to eliminate or 
reduce overdraft fees, the latest in a series of steps 
from the Bank to assist our clients. First Financial also 
offers a range of products to help clients avoid other 
fees and improve access to cash such as our NoWorry 
Checking account, Dynamic Transfer, Credit Achiever 
loans and secured credit card, which were all developed 
to enhance the financial wellness of our customers. 
Additionally, we completely redesigned our WORKlife 
& FINANCIAL Wellness products, offering employers 
comprehensive banking and customer service solutions 
for their employees, featuring financial education 
classes, dedicated banking specialists, and ongoing 
product support.  

Last year, we unveiled a new brand for our Wealth 
Management division – Yellow Cardinal Advisory 
Group – reflecting our team’s deep expertise, unique 
blend of sophisticated solutions, and the spirit of 
individuality that characterizes our clients. With a  
new name came expanded capabilities in business 
succession planning, fixed income investments, and 
alternative investment platforms. These services 
complement other wealth management solutions like 
personal financial planning, investment management, 
trust and estate management, retail brokerage, and 
corporate retirement plan services. Yellow Cardinal 
enjoyed record results, with net organic growth of 8% 
(versus an industry average of 5%), $375 million in 
new assets under management, and strong portfolio 
growth in loans and deposits. 

In other areas of our Specialty Business, we continued 
to successfully integrate Summit Funding Group as 
part of our revenue diversification strategy. As a 
subsidiary of First Financial Bank, Summit offers 
high-quality full payout and residual-based equipment 
leases. A strong finish to the year resulted in a record 
$417 million in annual originations, a stronger balance 
sheet, and better cost of funds for the equipment leasing 
business. Oak Street Funding had a strong year, 
closing with a $674 million portfolio balance. Similarly, 
First Franchise Capital’s portfolio balance grew to 
$275 million by the year’s end. Bannockburn Global 
Forex continued its strong performance in 2022 with 
revenue of more than $55 million, compared to $45 
million in 2021. Since acquiring Bannockburn in 2019, 
the division has doubled its output and has become an 
overwhelming example of our successful and 
diversified specialty business strategy, providing the 
Bank with important fee-based income to supplement 

our core banking services. 

We made substantial changes in 2022 to eliminate or 
reduce overdraft fees, the latest in a series of steps 
from the Bank to assist our clients.

2022 annual report 5

Investing in our People
Associate engagement remains the centerpiece of the 
investment we have made in our people.

Proudly Local
The importance of community at First Financial Bank  
is evident in our mission statement.

Each of us brings a diverse set of skills, strengths,  
and experiences to our work. When we apply these 
strengths to our jobs, and when we know that we  
are supported and are making positive contributions  
to the success of our clients and company, we are more 
connected and engaged. This, in turn, drives greater 
productivity, attention to our clients’ needs, and overall 
job satisfaction.  

The strength and effectiveness of our managers is 
critically important to associate engagement and 
performance. The stronger the manager, the better they 
can provide guidance and coaching to help associates 
excel. That’s why we have manager-development 
programs in place to actively encourage:

•  Identifying and utilizing individual and team strengths,

•  Assessing individual and team skills and building  

succession plans,

•  Developing associates personally  

and professionally,

•  Building action plans to address gaps and create 

greater efficiencies,

•  And becoming more effective as managers…

transitioning from boss to coach.

Throughout March and April of 2022, the executive 
leadership team and I took to the road to host in-person 
market rallies throughout our footprint. More than 
1,700 associates attended one of 16 rallies – detailed 
discussions intended to help associates fully understand 
our strategic and execution plans, more directly connect 
to our mission and purpose, and recognize how their 
efforts can positively influence the level of success we 
achieve within our communities.

In addition, we raised our minimum starting wage to  
$18 per-hour to help improve the financial wellness of our 
associates. These efforts and others helped spur year-
over-year increases in our associate engagement scores, 
including such categories as coaching effectiveness, 
overall wellbeing, action planning, and overall 
associate satisfaction. 

6

first financial Bancorp

our mission
We exist to be a 
positive influence to 
help our clients and 
communities thrive.

We truly feel we are part of the communities we serve. 
Our clients are also our neighbors. We shop in their 
stores, we volunteer alongside them, and we share 
concerns about our schools, our children, and their 
future opportunities. We provide businesses within  
our communities the access to capital they need to 
keep our local economies vibrant. We know what’s 
important to them and what they need to succeed.

These connections bring First Financial closer to local 
families and businesses. They come to our financial 
centers for expert advice on consumer banking 
accounts, mortgages, lending, wealth management 
services, business banking, and other financial wellness 
solutions. And while the products we offer may be 
similar to those of other banks, we provide a level of 
client intimacy that is challenging for larger competitors 
to achieve. Our financial center model better aligns our 
physical and associate resources with consumers and 
small businesses. We bring financial experts and local 
decision makers into our communities, closer to the 
people and businesses we serve.

Proudly local is about helping our neighbors become 
more financially stable and successful. It’s about 
helping them buy, maintain, or improve their homes.  
It’s a commitment to helping local businesses of all 
sizes grow and create job opportunities. And it’s 
providing support for the launch and expansion of 
minority-owned business enterprises who are key  
to building a strong economy that benefits us all.

associate 
engagement 
successes

94%

Associate participation in 
annual engagement survey

22

hires from our 
college co-op 
program 

Minimum 
wage hike 
to $18 per 
hour

Summer Intern Program 
attracted 21 interns from  
13 colleges and universities

IMPACT Mentoring 
Program paired  
158 mentors and  
226 mentees

Significant increase in 
associate engagement 
scores

2022 annual report 7

More than 7,650 
non-perishable 
food items 
collected and 
distributed

12,193

associate volunteer hours logged

8

first financial Bancorp

Community Impact 
In 2022, First Financial Bank made 1,703 community 
donations totaling $1,658,047. Additionally, the First 
Financial Foundation awarded $2,495,483 through 83 
grants. Together, we contributed $4,153,530 to 
organizations in Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. 
Our Foundation grants helped fund important 
neighborhood and workforce development projects, and 
supported efforts in education, culture and the arts, with 
an emphasis on the needs of low-income communities. 
First Financial has broadened our impact by adding 
funding from external sources to the grants awarded 
by First Financial Foundation. External funding sources 
include CREA, a low-income housing tax credit organization, 
and the Ohio Capital Impact Corporation, which funds 
programs specifically directed to benefit residents and 
neighborhoods in areas with affordable housing.  

We also helped support local agencies and the people 
they serve through our annual United Way campaign. 
Our 2022 associate campaign goal was set at $625,000. 
But true to form, our associates went above and beyond, 
pledging a record $781,735 over the 10-day campaign, 
with nearly 95 percent participation. 

Our commitment to community went beyond financial 
support in 2022. We held 848 financial education 
events this past year, some in our financial centers and 
community centers, others online, but all in support of 
driving greater financial awareness and wellness for 
individuals, families, and businesses. In April, we held  
a financial literacy book drive throughout our four-state 
footprint. Our associates collected more than 21,000 
books, which were then distributed back into local 
schools, libraries, churches, and other support 
organizations. And during November, in recognition  
of World Food Day, we kicked off a two-week food 
drive that collected more than 7,650 food items,  
which were given to local agencies for distribution 
throughout our communities. 

Additionally, our associates contributed their time and 
talents to causes and organizations that are meaningful 
to them. Logging 12,193 volunteer hours, First 
Financial associates rolled up our sleeves to help make 
a difference where we live and work. Volunteerism is a 
focus of the Bank, and to that end, we offer up to eight 
hours of paid time off to full-time associates for volunteer 
activities during scheduled work hours, and up to four 
hours for part-time associates. 

positively impacting 
communities

$4,153,530

in community donations and grants

$781,735

pledged by associates to 
United Way agencies

848 financial education 

events held

21,000

books collected and donated 

2022 annual report 9

By any measure, 2022 was an outstanding year for 
First Financial Bank. I’m proud of how our company 
has responded to the challenges of the past few years 
and how we are now stronger and more resilient  
than ever.

Good Stewards
For 160 years, our foundational roots have helped 
create and sustain a long history of excellent financial 
performance, positive returns for our shareholders,  
and an unwavering commitment to our communities, 
clients, and associates. 

This has been, and continues to be, driven by a 
dedication to good stewardship, which begins with 
being a good corporate citizen. In 2022, we published 
our first Corporate Social Responsibility Report 
detailing the efforts and progress of the Bank’s 
environmental initiatives, governance practices, 
employee engagement, and community-related 
endeavors. Highlights include vendor programs and 
facility management efforts that drive more efficient 
and eco-friendly uses of our resources; volunteer hours 
by our associates across the communities we serve; 
associate engagement programs that improve our 
workplace culture; and advancements in our Diversity, 
Equity and Inclusion Program that continue to create  
a more inclusive work environment.

By any measure, 2022 was an outstanding year for 
First Financial Bank. I’m proud of how our company has 
responded to the challenges of the past few years and 
how we are now stronger and more resilient than ever. 
I am grateful for the tremendous work of our associates. 
They are what makes First Financial Bank so special. 
We are as strong and prepared as we have ever been 
for the opportunities and the challenges that will come 
our way in 2023. 

Archie M. Brown 
President & Chief Executive Officer

10

first financial Bancorp

2022 annual report 11

leadership

Executive Management

Archie M. Brown
President and Chief  
Executive Officer

James M. Anderson
Chief Financial Officer and  
Chief Operating Officer

Amanda N. Neeley
Chief Consumer Banking and  
Strategy Officer

Richard S. Dennen
Chief Corporate Banking Officer

James R. Shank
Chief Internal Auditor

Gregory A. Harris
President, Yellow Cardinal Advisory 
Services and Affluent Banking

Karen B. Woods
General Counsel and 
Chief Administrative Officer

William R. Harrod
Chief Credit Officer

Board of Directors

Claude E. Davis
Board Chair, First Financial Bancorp 
President, Brixey and Meyer Capital

William G. Barron
Past Chairman and President 
William G. Barron Enterprises

Vincent A. Berta
Lead Independent Director  
Board of Directors of First Financial Bancorp  
President and Managing Director  
Covington Capital, LLC

Cynthia O. Booth
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Emerge Manufacturing

Archie M. Brown
President and Chief Executive Officer 
First Financial Bancorp and First Financial Bank

12

first financial Bancorp

Corinne R. Finnerty
Principal 
McConnell Finnerty PC

Susan L. Knust
Owner and President 
Omega Warehouse Services 
K.P. Properties

William J. Kramer
Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer 
Valco Industries, Inc.

Thomas M. O’Brien
Founder of Simpactful Consulting

Maribeth S. Rahe
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Fort Washington Investment Advisors, Inc.

Gary W. Warzala
Executive Partner 
Gartner, Inc.

Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms

First Financial Bancorp has identified the following list of abbreviations and acronyms that are used in the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements and the Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations.

ABL

Asset backed loans

ACL or Allowance Allowance for credit losses

Available-for-sale

Accumulated other comprehensive income

Accounting standards codification

FRB

GAAP

GNMA

HTC

HTM

Federal Reserve Bank

U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

Government National Mortgage Association

Historic tax credit

Held-to-maturity

Accounting standards update

Insignificant

Less than $0.1 million

Automated teller machine

First Financial Bank

Basel Committee regulatory capital reforms, Third 
Basel Accord

Bannockburn Global Forex

Basis point(s)

Bank owned life insurance

Certificates of deposit

IRLC

LIHTC

MBSs

MSFG

N/A

NII

NMTC

Interest Rate Lock Commitment

Low income housing tax credit

Mortgage-backed securities

MainSource Financial Group, Inc.

Not applicable

Net interest income

New markets tax credit

CARES Act

Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act

N/M

Not meaningful

Current Expected Credit Loss

Oak Street

Oak Street Holdings Corporation

Commercial & industrial

Collateralized mortgage obligations

Commercial real estate

First Financial Bancorp.

Demand deposit account

Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer 
Protection Act

Exposure at Default

ODFI

OREO

PCA

PCD

PCI

PD

PPP

Ohio Department of Financial Institutions

Other real estate owned

Prompt corrective action

Purchase credit deteriorated

Prompt corrective action

Probability of default

Paycheck Protection Program

Employee Retirement Income Security Act

PPPLF

Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility

AFS

AOCI

ASC

ASU

ATM

Bank

Basel III

BGF or 
Bannockburn

Bp/bps

BOLI

CDs

CECL

C&I

CMOs

CRE

Company

DDA

Dodd-Frank

EAD

ERISA

ERM

EVE

Enterprise Risk Management

Economic value of equity

Fair Value Topic

FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments

R&S

ROU

SEC

Reasonable and supportable

Right-of-use

United States Securities and Exchange Commission

FASB

FDIC

FHLB

Financial Accounting Standards Board

SFG or Summit

Summit Funding Group, Inc

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

SOFR

Secured Overnight Financing Rate

Federal Home Loan Bank

Topic 842

FASB ASC Topic 842, Leasing

FHLMC

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

Special Assets

Special Assets Division

First Financial

First Financial Bancorp.

FNMA

Federal National Mortgage Association

TDR

TTC

Troubled debt restructuring

Through the cycle

Form 10-K

First Financial Bancorp. Annual Report on Form 10-K USD

United States dollars

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  13

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This annual report contains forward-looking statements.  See the Forward-Looking Statements section that follows for further 
information on the risks and uncertainties associated with forward-looking statements.  

The following discussion and analysis is presented by management to facilitate the understanding of the financial condition, 
cash flows, changes in financial condition and results of operations of First Financial Bancorp.  Management's discussion and 
analysis identifies trends and material changes that occurred during the reporting periods presented and should be read in 
conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes.

Certain reclassifications of prior years' amounts have been made to conform to current year presentation.  Such reclassifications 
had no effect on net earnings, total assets, liabilities and shareholders' equity.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

First Financial Bancorp. is a $17.0 billion financial holding company headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, which operates 
through its subsidiaries.  These subsidiaries include First Financial Bank, an Ohio-chartered commercial bank, which operated 
132 full service banking centers as of December 31, 2022.  First Financial provides banking and financial services products to 
business and retail clients through its six lines of business: Commercial, Retail Banking, Mortgage Banking, Wealth 
Management, Investment Commercial Real Estate and Commercial Finance.  The Commercial Finance business lends into 
targeted industry verticals on a nationwide basis.  Operating under the brand of Yellow Cardinal Advisory Group, Wealth 
Management had $3.2 billion in assets under management as of December 31, 2022, and provides the following services: 
financial planning, investment management, trust administration, estate settlement, brokerage services and retirement planning.

Additional information about First Financial, including its products, services and banking locations, is available on the 
Company's website at www.bankatfirst.com.

The major components of First Financial’s operating results for the previous three years are summarized in Table 1 – Financial 
Summary and are discussed in greater detail in the sections that follow.

MARKET STRATEGY

First Financial develops a competitive advantage by utilizing a local market focus to provide superior service and build long-
term relationships with clients while helping them achieve greater financial success.  First Financial serves a combination of 
metropolitan and community markets in Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Illinois through its full-service banking centers.  First 
Financial also has certain lending platforms that extend beyond the geographic banking center footprint to provide financing to 
franchise owners and clients within the financial services industry as well as equipment lease financing to commercial 
businesses.  First Financial's investment in community markets is an important part of the Bank's core funding base and has 
historically provided stable, low-cost funding sources.  

First Financial’s market selection process includes multiple factors, but markets are primarily chosen for their potential for 
long-term profitability and growth.  First Financial intends to concentrate plans for future growth and capital investment within 
its current markets, and will continue to evaluate additional growth opportunities in metropolitan markets located within, or in 
close proximity to, the Company's current geographic footprint.  Additionally, First Financial may seek strategic acquisitions 
that provide product line extensions or additional industry verticals that complement its existing business and diversify its 
product suite and revenue streams.  

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

In December 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of Summit Funding Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  Summit was a 
privately held, full service, equipment financing company that originates, purchases, sells and services equipment leases to 
commercial businesses in the United States and Canada.  Upon completion of the transaction, Summit became a subsidiary of 
the Bank and continues to operate as Summit Funding Group, taking advantage of its existing brand recognition within the 
equipment financing industry.

14  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

First Financial acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of Summit for aggregate consideration of 
approximately $127.1 million, consisting of $113.5 million in cash, $10.0 million of First Financial common stock, and a $3.6 
million earn-out payment.  Pursuant to the purchase agreement, the earn-out payments are payable annually for each of the five 
years following the closing of the acquisition, contingent upon the results of Summit's operations.  First Financial incurred 
expenses related to the Summit acquisition of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 and $2.6 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2021.

The Summit transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and, accordingly, assets acquired, 
liabilities assumed and consideration exchanged were recorded at estimated fair value on the acquisition date in accordance 
with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.  The fair value measurements of assets acquired and liabilities assumed 
were $185.8 million and $122.5 million, respectively, and included $41.9 million of financing leases and $75.3 million of 
operating leases.  These present value measurements were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the 
acquisition as additional information relative to closing date fair values became available.  The measurement period ended in  
December 2022.  

Goodwill arising from the Summit acquisition was $63.7 million and reflects the business’s high growth potential and the 
expectation that the acquisition will provide additional revenue growth with the expansion of the Bank's leasing business.  The 
goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes as the transaction was accounted for as a tax-free exchange.  For further 
detail, see Note 10 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.

See Note 24 – Business Combinations in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for further discussion of these 
transactions.

COVID-19 CONSIDERATIONS

The Company's operations and financial results were substantially influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.  At the onset of the 
pandemic, the Company updated operating protocols to continuously provide virtually all banking services while prioritizing 
the health and safety of both its clients and associates.  

Sales associates, support teams and management returned to corporate offices and operations centers in the second and third 
quarters of 2021.  The Company has continued to prioritize the health and safety of clients and associates, although without the 
significant disruptions to its workforce that occurred at the onset of the pandemic. 

To assist clients during the pandemic, the Company implemented distinct COVID-19 relief programs to provide payment 
deferrals and fee waivers, in addition to temporarily suspending vehicle repossessions and residential property foreclosures.  
Further, the Company continuously monitored the actions of federal and state governments to proactively assist clients and 
ensure awareness of each financial assistance program available to them, while focusing internally on enhancing remote, mobile 
and online processes to better support a bank anytime, anywhere environment.  

The Bank underwent a significant level of cross training and redeployment of associate resources to rapidly meet the influx of
client requests in response to the passage of the CARES Act, the establishment of the Paycheck Protection Program and the
approval of the Consolidated Appropriations Act.  As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $3.0 million of outstanding PPP 
loans, net of unearned fees, compared to $55.6 million as of December 31, 2021.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $16.5 million of modified loans to COVID-19 impacted borrowers with principal 
amounts deferred and interest-only payments required.  These loans had all returned to regular payment schedules as of 
December 31, 2022.  As provided in the CARES Act and subsequently amended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, loan 
modifications in response to COVID-19 that were executed between March 1, 2020 and January 1, 2022 on a loan that was not 
more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 are not required to be reported as TDR.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  15

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

2022

585,006 
6,357 
591,363 
65,863 

525,500 

585,006 
65,863 
519,143 
11,713 
189,641 
455,349 
241,722 
24,110 
217,612 

2.33 
2.30 
0.92 
93,529 
94,587 

December 31,
2021

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

483,217 
6,091 
489,308 
31,099 

458,209 

483,217 
31,099 
452,118 
(18,121) 
171,506 
400,812 
240,933 
35,773 
205,160 

2.16 
2.14 
0.92 
95,035 
95,897 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 

2020

524,963 
6,529 
531,492 
68,452 

463,040 

524,963 
68,452 
456,511 
70,559 
189,123 
390,664 
184,411 
28,601 
155,810 

1.60 
1.59 
0.92 
97,364 
98,093 

$ 17,003,316 
  14,331,900 
3,636,829 
  10,298,971 
3,037,153 
3,828,139 
1,700,705 
4,135,180 
  12,701,177 
1,287,156 
346,672 
2,041,373 

$ 16,329,141 
  13,941,829 
4,409,237 
9,288,299 
3,198,745 
4,157,374 
1,330,263 
4,185,572 
  12,871,954 
296,203 
409,832 
2,258,942 

$ 15,973,134 
  13,651,843 
3,689,465 
9,900,970 
2,914,787 
3,680,774 
1,872,733 
3,763,709 
  12,232,003 
166,594 
776,202 
2,282,070 

 76.11 %
 0.06 %
 12.85 %
 6.59 %
 1.33 %
 10.34 %
 21.62 %
 3.73 %
 3.77 %
 39.48 %
9.97 

$ 

 76.15 %
 0.26 %
 14.06 %
 8.29 %
 1.28 %
 9.08 %
 16.43 %
 3.27 %
 3.31 %
 42.59 %
12.26 

$ 

 87.13 %
 0.14 %
 14.30 %
 8.28 %
 1.00 %
 7.02 %
 12.97 %
 3.46 %
 3.51 %
 57.50 %
12.93 

$ 

Table 1 • Financial Summary

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Summary of operations
Interest income
Tax equivalent adjustment (1)
Interest income tax – equivalent (1)
Interest expense
  Net interest income tax – equivalent (1)

Interest income
Interest expense
  Net interest income
Provision for credit losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expenses
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
   Net income

Per share data

Earnings per common share

Basic
Diluted

Cash dividends declared per common share

Average common shares outstanding–basic (in thousands)
Average common shares outstanding–diluted (in thousands)

Selected year-end balances
Total assets
Earning assets
Investment securities
Total loans and leases
Interest-bearing demand deposits
Savings deposits
Time deposits
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
Total deposits
Short-term borrowings
Long-term debt
Shareholders’ equity

Select Financial Ratios
Average loans to average deposits (2)
Net charge-offs to average loans and leases
Average shareholders’ equity to average total assets
Average tangible shareholders’ equity to average tangible assets
Return on average assets
Return on average equity
Return on average tangible shareholders' equity
Net interest margin
Net interest margin (tax equivalent basis) (1)
Dividend payout
Tangible book value per share
(1) Tax equivalent basis was calculated using a 21% tax rate.
(2) Includes loans held for sale.

16  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS

Net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $217.6 million, resulting in earnings per diluted common share of 
$2.30.  This compares to net income of $205.2 million and earnings per diluted common share of $2.14 in 2021.  Return on 
average assets was was 1.33% and 1.28% for 2022 and 2021, respectively.  First Financial’s return on average tangible 
shareholders’ equity for 2022 was 21.62%, compared to 16.43% for 2021.    

Net interest income in 2022 increased $67.0 million, or 14.8%, from 2021, to $519.1 million, primarily driven by higher yields 
earned on the loan and investment portfolios resulting from a higher interest rate environment.  The net interest margin on a 
fully tax equivalent basis was 3.77% for 2022 compared to 3.31% in 2021.

Noninterest income increased $18.1 million, or 10.6%, to $189.6 million during 2022 from $171.5 million in 2021.  The 
increase in 2022 was primarily driven by increases in leasing business income and foreign exchange income, and was partially 
offset by lower mortgage banking income.

Noninterest expense increased $54.5 million, or 13.6%, from $400.8 million in 2021 to $455.3 million in 2022.  This increase  
was largely driven by higher salaries and incentives, higher other noninterest expenses and leasing business expenses resulting 
from the acquisition of Summit at the end of 2021.  

Income tax expense decreased $11.7 million, or 32.6%, to $24.1 million in 2022 from $35.8 million in 2021, with the effective 
tax rate decreasing to 10.0% in 2022 from 14.8% in 2021.  The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was primarily related to tax 
credit investments realized during 2022.

Total loans increased $1.0 billion, or 10.9%, to $10.3 billion at December 31, 2022 from $9.3 billion at December 31, 2021, 
primarily driven by growth in C&I loans.  Total deposits decreased $170.8 million, or 1.3%, to $12.7 billion as of December 31, 
2022 from $12.9 billion at December 31, 2021 due to competitive pressures arising from an elevated interest rate environment.

The ACL was $133.0 million, or 1.29% of total loans at December 31, 2022, compared to $132.0 million, and 1.42% of total 
loans at December 31, 2021.  First Financial recorded $6.7 million in provision expense during 2022, compared to $19.0 
million in provision recapture during 2021.   

First Financial’s operational results may be influenced by certain economic factors and conditions, such as market interest rates, 
industry competition, household and business spending levels, consumer confidence and the regulatory environment.  For a 
more detailed discussion of the Company's operations, please refer to the sections that follow.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

The Company utilizes certain non-GAAP financial measures, which it believes provide useful insight to the reader of the  
Consolidated Financial Statements.  These non-GAAP measures should be supplemental to primary GAAP measures and 
should not be read in isolation or relied upon as a substitute for the primary GAAP measures.

For analytical purposes, net interest income is presented in the following table adjusted to a tax equivalent basis assuming a 
21% marginal tax rate.  Net interest income is disclosed on a tax equivalent basis to consistently reflect income from tax-
exempt assets, such as municipal loans and investments, in order to facilitate a comparison between taxable and tax-exempt 
amounts.  Management believes it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest margin and net interest 
income on a fully tax equivalent basis as these measures provide useful information to make peer comparisons. 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  17

 
  
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Table 2 • Non-GAAP - Net Interest Income

(Dollars in thousands)

Net interest income

Tax equivalent adjustment

Net interest income - tax equivalent

Average earning assets

2022

Year ended December 31,
2021

519,143 

$ 

6,357 

525,500 

$ 

452,118 

6,091 

458,209 

13,921,563 

$ 

13,826,645 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2020

456,511 

6,529 

463,040 

13,193,650 

Net interest margin (1)
Net interest margin (FTE) (1)
(1) Calculated using net interest income divided by average earning assets.

 3.73 %

 3.77 %

 3.27 %

 3.31 %

 3.46 %

 3.51 %

In addition to capital ratios defined by the U.S. banking agencies, First Financial considers various measures when evaluating 
capital utilization and adequacy, including the return on average tangible shareholder's equity and the tangible common equity 
ratio.  These calculations are intended to complement the capital ratios defined by the U.S. banking agencies for both absolute 
and comparative purposes.  As GAAP does not include capital ratio measures, the Company believes there are no comparable 
GAAP financial measures to these ratios.  These ratios are not formally defined by GAAP or codified in the federal banking 
regulations and, therefore, are considered to be non-GAAP financial measures.  

First Financial believes return on average tangible common equity is an important measure for comparative purposes with other 
financial institutions, but it is not defined under GAAP, and therefore is considered a non-GAAP financial measure.  This 
measure is useful for evaluating the performance of a business as it calculates the return available to common shareholders 
without the impact of intangible assets and their related amortization.

First Financial encourages readers to consider its Consolidated Financial Statements in their entirety and not to rely on any 
single financial measure.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP capital ratios to GAAP:

Table 3 • Non-GAAP - Capital Ratios

(Dollars in thousands)

Net income (a)

2022

Year ended December 31,
2021

2020

$ 

217,612 

$ 

205,160 

$ 

155,810 

Average total shareholders' equity

2,105,339 

2,259,807 

2,220,645 

Less:

Goodwill

Other intangibles

Average tangible equity (b)

(999,611) 

(99,081) 

1,006,647 

(937,943) 

(73,496) 

1,248,368 

(937,771) 

(81,684) 

1,201,190 

Total shareholders' equity

2,041,373 

2,258,942 

2,282,070 

Less:

Goodwill

Other intangibles

Ending tangible equity (c)

(1,001,507) 

(93,919) 

945,947 

(1,000,749) 

(104,367) 

1,153,826 

(937,771) 

(77,361) 

1,266,938 

Total assets

17,003,316 

16,329,141 

15,973,134 

18  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 3 • Non-GAAP - Capital Ratios

Less:

Goodwill

Other intangibles

Ending tangible assets (d)

Year ended December 31,

(1,001,507) 

(93,919) 

15,907,890 

(1,000,749) 

(104,367) 

15,224,025 

(937,771) 

(77,361) 

14,958,002 

Risk-weighted assets (e)

12,923,233 

11,642,201 

11,219,114 

Total average assets

Less:

Goodwill

Other intangibles

Average tangible assets (f)

16,382,730 

16,072,360 

15,529,144 

(999,611) 

(99,081) 

(937,943) 

(73,496) 

(937,771) 

(81,684) 

15,284,038 

15,060,921 

14,509,689 

Ending common shares outstanding (g)

94,891,099 

94,149,240 

98,021,929 

Ratios
Return on average tangible shareholders' equity (a)/(b)

Ending tangible shareholders' equity as a percent of:

Ending tangible assets (c)/(d)

Risk-weighted assets (c)/(e)

Average tangible shareholders' equity to average tangible 
assets (b)/(f)

Tangible book value per share (c)/(g)

$ 

NET INCOME

 21.62 %

 16.43 %

 12.97 %

 5.95 %

 7.32 %

 6.59 %

9.97 

$ 

 7.58 %

 9.91 %

 8.29 %

12.26 

$ 

 8.47 %

 11.29 %

 8.28 %

12.93 

2022 vs. 2021.  First Financial’s net income increased $12.5 million, or 6.1%, to $217.6 million in 2022, compared to net 
income of $205.2 million in 2021.  The increase in 2022 was primarily related to a $67.0 million, or 14.8%, increase in net 
interest income, a $18.1 million, or 10.6%, increase in noninterest income and a $11.7 million, or 32.6%, decrease in income 
tax expense, partially offset by a $54.5 million, or 13.6%, increase in noninterest expenses and a $25.8 million, or 135.4%, 
increase in provision expense. 

2021 vs. 2020.  First Financial’s net income increased $49.4 million, or 31.7%, to $205.2 million in 2021, compared to net
income of $155.8 million in 2020.  The increase in 2021 was primarily related to a $89.8 million, or 126.9%, decrease in
provision expense, which was partially offset by a $17.6 million, or 9.3%, decline in noninterest income, a $10.1 million, or
2.6%, increase in noninterest expenses, a $7.2 million, or 25.1%, increase in income tax expense, and a $4.4 million, or 1.0%,
decrease in net interest income.

For more detail, refer to the Net interest income, Noninterest income, Noninterest expenses, Income taxes, and Asset quality 
and allowance for credit losses sections that follow. 

NET INTEREST INCOME

First Financial’s net interest income for the years 2020 through 2022 is shown in Table 1 – Financial Summary.  

First Financial’s principal source of income is net interest income, which is the excess of interest received from earning assets, 
including loan-related fees and purchase accounting accretion, less interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities.  The amount of 
net interest income is determined by the volume and mix of earning assets, the rates earned on such assets and the volume, mix 
and rates paid for the deposits and borrowed money that support the earning assets.  Earning assets consist of interest-bearing 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

loans to customers as well as marketable investment securities.  First Financial's tax equivalent net interest margin was 3.77%, 
3.31% and 3.51% for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

Table 5 – Volume/Rate Analysis - Tax Equivalent Basis describes the extent to which changes in interest rates as well as 
changes in the volume of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities have affected First Financial’s net interest income on a 
tax equivalent basis during the years presented.  Nonaccrual loans and loans held for sale were included in the average loan 
balances used to determine the yields in Table 5 – Volume/Rate Analysis - Tax Equivalent Basis, which should be read in 
conjunction with Table 2 – Statistical Information.  

Loan fees included in the interest income computation for 2022, 2021 and 2020 were $19.2 million, $46.8 million and $32.8 
million, respectively, with the 2021 and 2020 activity being heavily influenced by PPP activity.  Interest income also included 
purchase accounting accretion of $8.8 million, $12.3 million and $20.0 million for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  

2022 vs. 2021.  Net interest income increased $67.0 million, or 14.8%, from $452.1 million in 2021 to $519.1 million in 2022, 
as interest rates rose during 2022.  The tax equivalent yield on earning assets increased due to higher interest rates which more  
than offset an increase in average earning asset balances during the period.  

Net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis increased 46 bps to 3.77% for 2022 compared to 3.31% in 2021 as the 
Company's asset sensitive balance sheet responded to multiple Fed rate hikes.  This resulted in a 71 bp increase in asset yields, 
which more than offset an increase in interest-bearing liabilities and a 36 bp increase in funding costs during the period. 

Interest income grew $101.8 million, or 21.1%, in 2022 when compared to the prior year as the yield on earning assets rose to 
4.25% from 3.54%.  Additionally, average earning assets increased to $13.9 billion as of December 31, 2022 from $13.8 billion 
in 2021.

Total interest expense increased due to a 17 bp increase in the cost of interest-bearing deposits, an increase in average 
borrowings and a 63 bp increase in the average rate on those borrowings.  The increasing rate environment drove the rise in the 
cost of interest-bearing deposits, which was 34 bps in 2022 compared to 17 bps for the same period in the prior year.  Average 
borrowed funds increased $529.8 million in 2022, while the cost of these borrowed funds increased to 3.20% in 2022 from 
2.57% during 2021.  

2021 vs. 2020.  Net interest income decreased $4.4 million, or 1.0%, from $456.5 million in 2020 to $452.1 million in 2021, as
interest rates declined and purchase accounting accretion moderated during 2021.  The tax equivalent yield on earning assets
declined due to lower interest rates and more than offset an increase in average earning asset balances during the period.
Additionally, PPP fees increased $12.6 million, or 73.3%, in 2021, partially offsetting the impact from a challenging interest
rate environment.

Net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis decreased 20 bps to 3.31% for 2021 compared to 3.51% in 2020 as a decline
in interest rates drove a 49 bp decline in asset yields.  These lower rates more than offset higher earning asset balances and a 39
bp decline in funding costs.

Interest income declined $41.7 million, or 8.0%, in 2021 when compared to the prior year as the yield on earning assets
declined to 3.54% from 4.03%, which more than offset the impact of higher earning asset balances.  Average earning assets
increased to $13.8 billion as of December 31, 2021 from $13.2 billion in 2020 as the Company invested excess liquidity into
investment securities.

Interest expense decreased due to a 35 basis point decline in the cost of interest-bearing deposits and lower borrowing balances.
The low interest rate environment drove the decline in the cost of interest-bearing deposits, which was 17 bps in 2021 compared
to 52 bps for the same period in the prior year.  Average borrowed funds declined $811.5 million in 2021, while the cost of
these borrowed funds increased to 2.57% in 2021 from 1.82% during 2020.  Both the decline in balances and the increase in
rate were attributable to the repayment of PPPLF borrowings in 2021, which were used to fund PPP activity and carried a
relatively modest interest rate of 0.35%.

20  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
Table 4 • Statistical Information     

Average 
Balance

2022

Interest

Average 
Yield

Average 
Balance

2021

Interest

Average 
Yield

Average 
Balance

2020

Interest

Average 
Yield

(Dollars in thousands)

Earning assets
Loans and leases (1), (4)

Commercial and industrial (2)
Lease financing (2)
Construction-real estate
Commercial-real estate (2)
Residential-real estate

$  2,979,273  $ 154,152 

 5.17 % $  2,790,733  $ 137,841 

 4.94 % $  2,999,223  $ 143,720 

153,380 

  11,785 

 7.68 %  

67,822 

2,739 

 4.04 %  

79,882 

3,769 

476,597 

  23,036 

 4.83 %  

575,883 

  18,743 

 3.25 %  

535,740 

  20,497 

  4,040,365 

  185,017 

 4.58 %   4,379,325 

  152,251 

 3.48 %   4,317,396 

  177,038 

989,743 

  40,083 

 4.05 %  

971,692 

  40,275 

 4.14 %   1,077,430 

  48,001 

Installment and other consumer

935,607 

  46,118 

 4.93 %  

854,780 

  34,906 

 4.08 %  

892,985 

  40,046 

Total loans and leases

Investment securities (3)

Taxable
Tax-exempt (2)
Total investment securities (3)

Interest-bearing deposits with other 
banks

Total earning assets

Nonearning assets

Allowance for credit losses

Cash and due from banks

Accrued interest and other assets

Total assets

Interest-bearing liabilities

Deposits

  9,574,965 

  460,191 

 4.81 %   9,640,235 

  386,755 

 4.01 %   9,902,656 

  433,071 

  3,293,010 

  102,314 

 3.11 %   3,271,601 

  79,213 

 2.42 %   2,460,707 

  73,789 

739,036 

  23,374 

 3.16 %  

841,639 

  23,193 

 2.76 %  

751,344 

  24,357 

  4,032,046 

  125,688 

 3.12 %   4,113,240 

  102,406 

 2.49 %   3,212,051 

  98,146 

314,552 
  13,921,563 

5,484 
  591,363 

 1.74 %  
73,170 
 4.25 %   13,826,645 

147 
  489,308 

 0.20 %  
78,943 
 3.54 %   13,193,650 

275 
  531,492 

(125,001) 

233,925 

  2,352,243 

$ 16,382,730 

(162,477) 

242,201 

  2,165,991 

$ 16,072,360 

(153,596) 

245,436 

  2,243,654 

$ 15,529,144 

Interest-bearing demand

$  3,158,560  $  8,933 

 0.28 % $  2,988,359  $  1,930 

 0.06 % $  2,626,252  $  4,534 

Savings

Time

  4,049,883 

8,871 

 0.22 %   4,065,654 

  1,175,086 

  10,336 

 0.88 %   1,601,295 

4,122 

8,383 

 0.10 %   3,260,882 

7,232 

 0.52 %   2,167,553 

  30,156 

Total interest-bearing deposits

  8,383,529 

  28,140 

 0.34 %   8,655,308 

  14,435 

 0.17 %   8,054,687 

  41,922 

Borrowed funds

Short-term borrowings

Long-term debt

817,495 

  19,132 

 2.34 %  

204,503 

198 

 0.10 %  

590,903 

6,442 

359,518 

  18,591 

 5.17 %  

442,720 

  16,466 

 3.72 %  

867,798 

  20,088 

Total borrowed funds

  1,177,013 

  37,723 

 3.20 %  

647,223 

  16,664 

 2.57 %   1,458,701 

  26,530 

Total interest-bearing liabilities

  9,560,542 

  65,863 

 0.69 %   9,302,531 

  31,099 

 0.33 %   9,513,388 

  68,452 

 4.79 %

 4.72 %

 3.83 %

 4.10 %

 4.46 %

 4.48 %

 4.37 %

 3.00 %

 3.24 %

 3.06 %

 0.35 %
 4.03 %

 0.17 %

 0.22 %

 1.39 %

 0.52 %

 1.09 %

 2.31 %

 1.82 %

 0.72 %

Noninterest-bearing liabilities

Noninterest-bearing demand 
deposits

Other liabilities
Shareholders' equity
Total liabilities and shareholders' 
equity
Net interest income and interest 
rate spread (fully tax equivalent)

Net interest margin (fully tax 
equivalent)

Interest income and yield

Interest expense and rate

Net interest income and spread

Net interest margin

  4,196,735 

520,114 
  2,105,339 

$ 16,382,730 

  4,005,034 

504,988 
  2,259,807 

$ 16,072,360 

  3,310,483 

484,628 
  2,220,645 

$ 15,529,144 

$ 525,500 

 3.56 %

$ 458,209 

 3.21 %

$ 463,040 

 3.31 %

$ 585,006 

  65,863 

$ 519,143 

 3.77 %

 4.20 %

 0.69 %

 3.51 %

 3.73 %

$ 483,217 

  31,099 

$ 452,118 

 3.31 %

 3.49 %

 0.33 %

 3.16 %

 3.27 %

$ 524,963 

  68,452 

$ 456,511 

 3.51 %

 3.98 %

 0.72 %

 3.26 %

 3.46 %

(1) Nonaccrual loans are included in average loan balance and loan fees are included in interest income.
(2) Interest income on tax-exempt investments and on certain tax-exempt loans and leases has been adjusted to a tax equivalent basis using a 21% tax rate.
(3) Includes HTM securities, AFS securities and other investments.
(4) Includes loans held-for-sale.
N/M = not meaningful

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 5 • Volume/Rate Analysis - Tax Equivalent Basis (1) 

(Dollars in thousands)

Interest income
Loans (2)
Investment securities (3)

Taxable

Tax-exempt

Total investment securities interest (3)
Interest-bearing deposits with other banks

Total

Interest expense

Interest-bearing demand deposits

Savings deposits

Time deposits

Short-term borrowings

Long-term debt

Total

2022 change from 2021 due to

2021 change from 2020 due to

Volume

Rate

Total

Volume

Rate

Total

$ 

(3,137)  $  76,573 

$  73,436 

$  (10,528)  $  (35,788)  $  (46,316) 

665 

(3,245) 

(2,580) 

4,208 

22,436 

3,426 

25,862 

1,129 

23,101 

19,634 

(14,210) 

5,424 

181 

2,488 

(3,652) 

(1,164) 

23,282 

5,337 

22,122 

(17,862) 

(12) 

(116) 

4,260 

(128) 

(1,509) 

  103,564 

  102,055 

11,582 

(53,766) 

(42,184) 

481 

(35) 

(3,749) 

14,346 

(4,302) 

6,522 

4,784 

5,702 

4,588 

6,427 

7,003 

4,749 

1,953 

234 

816 

(2,838) 

(3,926) 

(2,604) 

(3,110) 

(2,964) 

(18,809) 

(21,773) 

18,934 

(374) 

(5,870) 

2,125 

(15,810) 

12,188 

(6,244) 

(3,622) 

6,741 

28,023 

34,764 

(18,098) 

(19,255) 

(37,353) 

Net interest income

$ 

(8,250)  $  75,541 

$  67,291 

$  29,680 

$  (34,511)  $ 

(4,831) 

(1) Tax equivalent basis was calculated using a 21% tax rate.
(2) Includes nonaccrual loans and loans held-for-sale.
(3) Includes HTM securities, AFS securities and other investments.

NONINTEREST INCOME AND NONINTEREST EXPENSES

Noninterest income and noninterest expenses for 2022, 2021 and 2020 are shown in Table 6 – Noninterest Income and 
Noninterest Expenses.

NONINTEREST INCOME

2022 vs. 2021.  Noninterest income increased $18.1 million, or 10.6%, from $171.5 million in 2021 to $189.6 million in 2022.  
The increase was attributed to $31.6 million of leasing business income, a $10.2 million, or 22.7%, increase in foreign 
exchange income and a $2.0 million, or 12.6%, increase in other noninterest income.  These increases were partially offset by 
an $18.0 million, or 54.4%, decrease in gain on sale of loans, a $3.8 million, or 12.0%, decrease in service charges on deposit 
accounts, a $2.5 million, or 31.4%, decrease in client derivative fees and a $1.3 million, or 191.0%, decrease in unrealized gain 
(loss) on equity securities. 

Elevated noninterest income in 2022 included leasing business income, which reflected new activity acquired as part of the 
Summit Funding Group acquisition at the end of 2021.  In addition, noninterest income was bolstered by higher foreign 
exchange income, which had record demand for currency transactions in 2022.  The increase in other noninterest income was 
driven by higher income earned on limited partnership investments during the year. 

Partially offsetting those increases, gains on sales of retail mortgage loans declined in 2022 as loan demand slowed due to a 
significant increase in interest rates.  Service charge income declined during the year as a result of the Company's changes to its 
service charge and overdraft programs, and client derivative fees declined as a result of lower product demand.  The unrealized 
loss on equity securities in 2022 was related to a decline in the value of the Company's Class B Visa shares.

2021 vs. 2020.  Noninterest income decreased $17.6 million, or 9.3%, from $189.1 million in 2020 to $171.5 million in 2021.
The decline was attributed to an $18.2 million, or 35.5%, decrease in gain on sale of loans, an $8.3 million, or 92.2%, decrease
in unrealized gain (loss) on equity securities, a $5.3 million, or 116.6%, decrease on sales of investment securities and a $2.4
million, or 23.1%, decrease in client derivative fees.  These declines were partially offset by a $5.4 million, or 13.8%, increase
in foreign exchange income, a $3.7 million, or 30.1%, increase in other noninterest income, a $2.6 million, or 22.0%, increase
in bankcard income, a $2.5 million, or 11.7%, increase in trust and wealth management fees, and a $2.4 million, or 8.3%,

22  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
increase in service charges on deposit accounts.

Gains on the sales of retail mortgage loans declined from record levels in 2020, as loan demand softened and premiums
moderated in 2021.  Gains from sales of investment securities and unrealized gains on equity securities both declined in 2021
due to sales of Visa Class B shares and recording the remaining shares at fair value during 2020.  Client derivatives fees
declined from prior year as demand moderated in 2021 in line with a decrease in loan balances.

Partially offsetting those declines, foreign exchange income increased in 2021 as Bannockburn had their best year to date, while 
other noninterest income increased due to an increase in limited partnership income and syndication fees during the period.  In 
addition, wealth management, bankcard and service charge income all increased in 2021 as the economy began to recover from 
pandemic-related uncertainty.

Table 6 • Noninterest Income and Noninterest Expenses

(Dollars in thousands)

Noninterest income

2022

2021

2020

Total

% Change

Total

% Change

Total

% Change

Service charges on deposit accounts

$ 

28,062 

 (12.0) % $ 

31,876 

 8.3 % $ 

29,446 

Trust and wealth management fees

Bankcard income

Client derivative fees

Foreign exchange income

Leasing business income

Net gains from sales of loans

23,506 

14,380 

5,441 

54,965 
31,574 

15,048 

 (1.2) %  

 0.6 %  

 (31.4) %  

23,780 

14,300 

7,927 

 22.7 %  

44,793 

N/M  

0 

 11.7 %  

 22.0 %  

 (23.1) %  

 13.8 %  

N/M  

21,286 

11,726 

10,313 

39,377 

0 

 (54.4) %  

33,021 

 (35.5) %  

51,176 

 244.6 %

Net  gain (loss) on equity securities

(639) 

 (191.0) %  

702 

 (92.2) %  

9,045 

Other

Subtotal

17,873 

190,210 

 12.6 %  

15,866 

 30.1 %  

12,191 

 10.4 %  

172,265 

 (6.7) %  

184,560 

Net gain (loss) on sales/transfers of investment 
securities

(569) 

 (25.0) %  

(759) 

 (116.6) %  

4,563 

Total

$  189,641 

 10.6 % $  171,506 

 (9.3) % $  189,123 

Noninterest expenses

Salaries and employee benefits

$  269,368 

 9.5 % $  245,924 

 3.9 % $  236,779 

Net occupancy

Furniture and equipment

Data processing

Marketing

Communication

Professional services

Debt extinguishment

State intangible tax

FDIC assessments

Intangible assets amortization

Leasing business expense

Other

Total

22,208 

13,224 

33,662 

8,744 

2,683 

9,734 

0 

4,285 

7,194 

11,185 

20,363 

52,699 

 0.3 %  

 (4.3) %  

 7.3 %  

 9.5 %  

 (8.4) %  

22,142 

13,819 

31,363 

7,983 

2,930 

 (16.6) %  

11,676 

 (4.8) %  

 (7.7) %  

 14.0 %  

 24.5 %  

 (16.1) %  

 17.2 %  

0 

 (100.0) %  

 (29.7) %  

 10.2 %  

N/M  

 0.7 %  

 27.8 %  

 13.7 %  

N/M  

4,256 

5,630 

9,839 

0 

23,266 

14,968 

27,514 

6,414 

3,492 

9,961 

7,257 

6,058 

5,110 

 (11.6) %  

11,126 

N/M  

0 

 16.5 %  

45,250 

 16.9 %  

38,719 

$  455,349 

 13.6 % $  400,812 

 2.6 % $  390,664 

 (22.4) %

 2.7 %

 (37.6) %

 (34.2) %

 408.8 %

N/M

N/M

 (21.3) %

 40.1 %

N/M

 44.0 %

 13.3 %

 (3.3) %

 (5.9) %

 25.7 %

 (7.2) %

 6.9 %

 (11.5) %

N/M

 3.9 %

 159.0 %

 15.0 %

N/M

 19.1 %

 14.1 %

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NONINTEREST EXPENSES

2022 vs. 2021.  Noninterest expenses increased $54.5 million, or 13.6%, in 2022 compared to 2021, primarily due to 
a $23.4 million, or 9.5%, increase in salaries and employee benefits, $20.4 million of leasing business expense, a $7.4 million, 
or 16.5%, increase in other noninterest expenses, a $2.3 million, or 7.3%, increase in data processing expenses, a $1.6 million, 
or 27.8%, increase in FDIC assessments and a $1.3 million, or 13.7%, increase in intangible asset amortization expense.  These 
increases were partially offset by a $1.9 million, or 16.6%, decrease in professional services.   

Salaries and employee benefits in 2022 were driven higher by annual compensation adjustments, incentive compensation tied to 
elevated fee income, and performance related incentives tied to the Company's financial results.  Leasing business expense 
reflected new activity acquired as part of the Summit Funding Group transaction.  The increase in other noninterest expense 
was largely attributed to higher write-downs of tax credit investments in 2022, while data processing expenses increased as the 
Company continued to make strategic investments in technology.  FDIC assessment expense increased during the year due to 
higher assessment rates while intangible amortization expenses increased following the acquisition of Summit.  Professional 
services declined in 2022 due to acquisition and loan sale related expenses in 2021 that did not recur in 2022.

2021 vs. 2020.  Noninterest expenses increased $10.1 million, or 2.6%, in 2021 compared to 2020, primarily due to a $9.1
million, or 3.9%, increase in salaries and employee benefits, a $3.8 million, or 14.0%, increase in data processing expenses, a
$1.7 million, or 17.2%, increase in professional services, a $1.6 million, or 24.5%, increase in marketing expenses, and a $6.5
million, or 16.9%, increase in other noninterest expenses.  These increases were partially offset by a $7.3 million, or 100.0%
decrease in debt extinguishment costs, a $1.8 million, or 29.7%, decrease in state intangible taxes, a $1.3 million, or 11.6%,
decrease in intangible asset amortization expense, a $1.1 million, or 7.7%, decrease in furniture and equipment expenses and
$1.1 million, or 4.8%, decrease in net occupancy expenses.

Higher salaries and employee benefits in 2021 were driven by annual compensation adjustments and performance related
incentives tied to the Company's financial results.  Additionally, data processing and professional services increased in 2021 
due to the Company's continued investment in technology and expenses associated with the Summit acquisition, respectively, 
while marketing expenses increased due to sponsoring more events in 2021 than 2020 due to the pandemic.

Other noninterest expenses rose primarily as a result of an increase in tax credit investment write-downs in 2021, as well as
$7.1 million of costs related to overdraft litigation settled during the year.  Like many banks, First Financial has been the
subject of lawsuits relating to overdraft fees.  This type of litigation is time consuming and expensive in large part due to the
amount of data to be sorted and disclosed, in some cases going back multiple years.  During 2021, First Financial determined
that it was in its best interest to settle lawsuits in the states of Indiana and Ohio, resulting in higher litigation settlement expense 
in the year.

Debt extinguishment costs declined in 2021 as 2020 included $7.3 million of charges that did not recur in 2021 related to the
prepayment of $120.0 million of higher cost long-term FHLB debt. 

INCOME TAXES

2022 vs. 2021.  First Financial’s income tax expense in 2022 totaled $24.1 million compared to $35.8 million in 2021, resulting 
in effective tax rates of 10.0% and 14.8% for 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was primarily 
related to an increase in tax credit activity during the year, partially offset by higher pre-tax income.

2021 vs. 2020.  The Company's income tax expense totaled $35.8 million and $28.6 million in 2021 and 2020, respectively, 
which resulted in effective tax rates of 14.8% for 2021 and 15.5% for 2020.  The lower effective tax rate in 2021 was largely 
the result of the recognition of tax credit investments during the year, partially offset by higher pre-tax income.

For further information on income taxes, see Note 16 – Income Taxes in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

INVESTMENTS

First Financial utilizes its investment portfolio as a source of liquidity and interest income, as well as a tool for managing the 
Company's interest rate risk profile.  As such, the Company's primary investment strategy is to invest in debt securities with low 
credit risk, such as treasury and agency-backed residential MBS.  The investment portfolio is also managed with consideration 
to prepayment, extension and maturity risk.  First Financial invests primarily in MBS issued by U.S. government agencies and 
corporations, such as GNMA, FHLMC and FNMA, as these securities are considered to have a low credit risk and high 

24  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
liquidity profile due to government agency guarantees.  Government and agency backed securities comprised 47.4% and 44.5% 
of First Financial's investment securities portfolio as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company also invests in certain securities that are not supported by government or agency guarantees and whose 
realization is dependent on future principal and interest repayments.  Prior to purchase, First Financial performs a detailed 
collateral and structural analysis on these securities and strategically invests in asset classes in which First Financial has 
expertise and experience, as well as a senior position in the capital structure.  First Financial continuously monitors credit risk 
and geographic concentration risk in its evaluation of market opportunities that would enhance the overall performance of the 
portfolio.  Securities not supported by government or agency guarantees represented 52.6% and 55.5% of First Financial's 
investment securities portfolio as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The other investments category in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consists primarily of First Financial’s investments in FRB 
stock, FHLB stock and class B Visa shares.

2022 vs. 2021.  First Financial’s investment portfolio at December 31, 2022 totaled $3.5 billion, compared to $4.3 billion at 
December 31, 2021, and represented 20.5% of total assets at December 31, 2022.  The $812.6 million, or 18.9%, decline in the 
investment portfolio during 2022 was primarily related to the Company's strategic redeployment of balance sheet liquidity to 
fund strong loan growth during the year as well as a $347.0 million decline in the fair value of AFS securities due to higher 
interest rates.  

First Financial classified $3.4 billion, or 97.6%, and $4.2 billion, or 97.7%, of investment securities as AFS at December 31, 
2022 and 2021, respectively.  First Financial classified $84.0 million, or 2.4%, and $98.4 million, or 2.3%, of investment 
securities as HTM at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.   

First Financial recorded a $325.9 million unrealized after-tax loss on the investment portfolio as a component of equity in 
AOCI resulting from changes in the fair value of AFS securities at December 31, 2022 due to rising interest rates.  This 
unrealized loss position declined $347.0 million in 2022 from a $21.0 million unrealized after-tax gain at December 31, 2021.  
The overall duration of the investment portfolio increased to 4.6 years as of December 31, 2022 from 3.8 years as of 
December 31, 2021.  First Financial has avoided adding to its portfolio any particular securities that would materially increase 
credit risk or geographic concentration risk and the Company continuously monitors and considers these risks in its evaluation 
of current market opportunities that would enhance the overall performance of the portfolio.

Debt securities issued by the U.S. government and U.S. government agencies and corporations, including the FHLB, FHLMC, 
FNMA and the U.S. Export/Import Bank, were not meaningful as a percentage of the portfolio at either December 31, 2022 or 
December 31, 2021.  

Investments in MBS securities, which include CMOs, represented 51.6% and 51.4% of First Financial's total investment 
portfolio at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  MBS are participations in pools of loans secured by mortgages under 
which payments of principal and interest are passed through to the security holders.  These securities are subject to prepayment 
risk, particularly during periods of falling interest rates, and extension risk during periods of rising interest rates.  Prepayments 
of the underlying residential real estate loans may shorten the lives of the securities, thereby affecting yields to maturity and 
market values.    

Tax-exempt securities of states, municipalities and other political subdivisions totaled $716.6 million as of December 31, 2022 
and $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2021, comprising 20.5% and 25.4% of the investment portfolio at December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.  The securities are diversified to include states as well as issuing authorities within states, thereby decreasing 
geographic portfolio risk.  First Financial continuously monitors the risk associated with this investment type and reviews 
underlying ratings for possible downgrades.  First Financial does not own any state or other political subdivision securities that 
are currently impaired.

Asset-backed securities were $711.3 million, or 20.4% of the investment portfolio at December 31, 2022 and $719.6 million, or 
16.7% of the investment portfolio at December 31, 2021.  First Financial considers these investment securities to have lower 
credit risk and a high liquidity profile as a result of explicit guarantees on the collateral.

Other securities, consisting primarily of taxable securities of states, municipalities and other political subdivisions, in addition 
to debt securities issued by corporations, were $164.6 million, or 4.7% of the investment portfolio, at December 31, 2022 and 
$166.1 million, or 3.9% of the investment portfolio, at December 31, 2021.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  25

 
Table 7 • Investment Securities as of December 31

(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasuries
Securities of U.S. government agencies and corporations

Mortgage-backed securities-residential

Mortgage-backed securities-commercial

Collateralized mortgage obligations

Obligations of state and other political subdivisions
Asset-backed securities
Other securities

Total

2022

2021

Amount

Percent of
Portfolio

Amount

Percent of
Portfolio

$ 

32,696 

 0.9 % $ 

34,776 

66,468 
650,063 

664,925 

486,992 

716,591 
711,325 
164,609 
$  3,493,669 

 1.9 %  
 18.6 %  

79,117 
724,137 

 19.0 %  

778,252 

 14.0 %  

709,622 

 20.5 %   1,094,658 
719,581 
 20.4 %  
166,123 
 4.7 %  
 100.0 % $  4,306,266 

 0.8 %

 1.8 %
 16.8 %

 18.1 %

 16.5 %

 25.4 %
 16.7 %
 3.9 %
 100.0 %

The estimated maturities and weighted-average yields of HTM and AFS investment securities as of December 31, 2022 are 
shown in Table 7 – Investment Securities.  Tax-equivalent adjustments using a rate of 21% were included in calculating yields 
on tax-exempt obligations of state and other political subdivisions.

First Financial held cash on deposit with the Federal Reserve of $388.2 million and $214.8 million at December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.  First Financial continually monitors its liquidity position as part of its ERM framework, specifically 
through its asset/liability management process.

The Company had a $0.6 million unrealized loss on equity securities recorded in noninterest income for the twelve months 
ended December 31, 2022 compared to a $0.7 million unrealized gain for the same period of 2021.  The unrealized loss in 2022 
is related to a decline in the value of the Company's Class B Visa shares.

First Financial will continue to monitor loan and deposit demand, balance sheet composition, capital sensitivity and the interest 
rate environment as it manages investment strategies in future periods.  See Note 4 – Investment Securities in the Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on the Company's investment portfolio and Note 23 – Fair Value 
Disclosures for additional information on how First Financial determines the fair value of investment securities.  

26  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 8 • Investment Securities as of December 31, 2022

(Dollars in thousands)

Held-to-Maturity

Securities of other U.S. government 
agencies and corporations

$ 

Mortgage-backed securities-
residential
Mortgage-backed securities-
commercial

Collateralized mortgage obligations
Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Other securities

   Total

Available-for-Sale

U.S. treasuries
Securities of other U.S. government 
agencies and corporations

Mortgage-backed securities-
residential
Mortgage-backed securities-
commercial

Collateralized mortgage obligations
Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Within one year

After one but within 
five years

After five but within 
ten years

After ten years

Amount

Yield(1)

Amount

Yield(1)

Amount

Yield(1)

Amount

Yield(1)

Maturity (2)

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

 0.00 % $ 

 0.00 %  

0 

0 

 0.00 % $ 

 0.00 %  

579 

 3.00 %  

34,784 

 2.30 %  

0 

0 

0 

 0.00 % $ 

 0.00 %  

 0.00 %  

 0.00 %  

1,116 

 1.75 %  

8,164 

 1.77 %  

0 

0 

0 

0 

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %  

2,584 

 3.66 %  

3,670 

 3.42 %  

1,874 

 2.25 %

 0.00 %  

15,250 

 4.42 %  

16,000 

 4.95 %  

0 

 0.00 %

$ 

579 

 3.00 % $ 

53,734 

 2.96 % $ 

27,834 

 3.81 % $ 

1,874 

 2.25 %

$ 

2,383 

 0.00 % $ 

0 

 0.00 %  

0 

0 

 0.00 % $ 

30,313 

 1.32 % $ 

 0.00 %  

66,468 

 1.74 %  

0 

0 

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

39 

 5.35 %  

117,984 

 2.26 %  

289,436 

 2.46 %  

242,604 

 1.93 %

241,125 

 7.04 %  

321,469 

 5.06 %  

57,541 

 1.56 %  

9,427 

 2.75 %

15,886 

 5.25 %  

237,725 

 2.59 %  

140,849 

 2.18 %  

83,252 

 2.35 %

26,596 

 2.75 %  

132,332 

 3.20 %  

298,260 

 2.63 %  

251,275 

 2.23 %

Asset-backed securities

87,567 

 4.29 %  

521,836 

 4.45 %  

90,392 

 3.28 %  

11,530 

 5.11 %

Other securities

   Total

16,289 

 8.13 %  

96,730 

 5.97 %  

16,843 

 4.87 %  

3,497 

 4.08 %

$  389,885 

 6.11 % $  1,428,076 

 4.07 % $  990,102 

 2.45 % $  601,585 

 2.20 %

(1) Tax equivalent basis was calculated using a 21% tax rate and yields were based on amortized cost.
(2) Maturity represents estimated life of investment securities.

LENDING PRACTICES

First Financial remains dedicated to meeting the financial needs of individuals and businesses through its client-focused 
business model.  The loan portfolio is comprised of a broad range of borrowers primarily located in the Ohio, Indiana and  
Kentucky markets; however, the commercial finance and leasing lines of business serve a national client base. 

First Financial’s loan portfolio consists of commercial loan types, including C&I, lease financing (equipment leasing), 
construction real estate and commercial real estate, as well as consumer loan types, such as residential real estate, home equity, 
installment and credit card loans.  First Financial's lending portfolios are managed to avoid the creation of inappropriate 
industry, geographic, franchise concept or borrower concentration risk.

Credit Management.  Subject to First Financial’s credit policy and guidelines, credit underwriting and approval occur within 
the market and/or the centralized line of business originating the loan.  First Financial has delegated a lending limit sufficient to 
address the majority of client requests in a timely manner to each market president and line of business manager.  Loan requests 
for amounts greater than those limits require the approval of a designated credit officer or senior credit committee and may 
require additional approvals from the chief credit officer, the chief executive officer and the board of directors.  This allows 
First Financial to manage the initial credit risk exposure through a standardized, strategic and disciplined approval process, but 
with an increasingly higher level of authority.  Plans to purchase or sell a participation in a loan, or a group of loans, requires 
the approval of certain senior lending and administrative officers, and in some cases could include the board of directors.  

Credit management practices are dependent on the type and nature of the loan.  First Financial monitors all significant

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
exposures on an ongoing basis.  Commercial loans are assigned internal risk ratings reflecting the risk of loss inherent in the 
loan.  These internal risk ratings are assigned upon initial approval of credit and are updated periodically thereafter.  First 
Financial reviews and adjusts its risk ratings based on actual experience, which is the basis for determining an appropriate ACL.  
First Financial's commercial risk ratings of pass, special mention, substandard and doubtful are derived from standard 
regulatory rating definitions and facilitate the monitoring of credit quality across the commercial loan portfolio.  For further 
information regarding these risk ratings, see Note 5 – Loans and Leases in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Commercial loans rated as special mention, substandard or doubtful are considered criticized, while loans rated as substandard 
or doubtful are considered classified.  Commercial loans may be designated as criticized/classified based on individual 
borrower performance or industry and environmental factors.  Criticized/classified loans are subject to more frequent internal 
reviews to assess the borrower’s credit status and develop appropriate action plans.  

Management considers classified loans to be the leading indicator of credit losses, and these loans are typically managed by the 
Special Assets Department.  Special Assets is a commercial credit group whose primary focus is to handle the day-to-day 
management of commercial workouts, recoveries and problem loan resolutions.  Special Assets ensures that First Financial has 
appropriate oversight, improved communication and timely resolution of issues throughout the loan portfolio.  Additionally, the 
Credit Risk Management group within First Financial's Risk Management function provides independent, objective oversight 
and assessment of commercial credit quality and processes.  

Consumer lending credit approvals are based on, among other factors, the financial strength and payment history of the 
borrower, type of exposure and the transaction structure.  Consumer loans are generally smaller dollar amounts than other types 
of lending and are made to a large number of customers, providing diversification within the portfolio.  Credit risk in the 
consumer loan portfolio is managed by loan type, and consumer loan asset quality indicators, including delinquency, are 
continuously monitored.  The Credit Risk Management group performs product-level performance reviews and assesses credit 
quality and compliance with underwriting and loan administration guidelines across the consumer loan portfolio.  

LOANS AND LEASES 

2022 vs. 2021.  Loans, excluding loans held for sale, totaled $10.3 billion at December 31, 2022, increasing $1.0 billion, or 
10.9%, compared to December 31, 2021.  

C&I loans increased $690.2 million, or 25.4%, largely due to the Company's strong origination efforts over the course of 2022.
Installment loans increased $90.4 million, or 75.7%, during 2022 largely as a result of First Financial's partnership with a loan 
origination provider, which sourced $55.3 million of loans during the first half of the year before the Company began winding 
down the relationship.  Finance lease balances increased $126.5 million, or 115.4%,  due to added production from Summit 
Funding Group.  Residential real estate loans increased $196.2 million, or 21.9%, as rising interest rates led to more adjustable 
rate and nonconforming jumbo mortgage originations, which the Company retains on its balance sheet.  Construction real estate 
loans increased $56.2 million, or 12.3%, and home equity loans increased $25.4 million, or 3.6%.  Partially offsetting these 
increases were declines in both commercial real estate loans and credit cards.  Commercial real estate loans decreased $173.9 
million, or 4.1%, and credit card balances decreased $0.4 million, or 0.8%.  Average loan balances, including loans held for 
sale, were $9.6 billion for 2022, a decrease of $65.3 million, or 0.7%, compared to 2021, with the decline driven by outstanding 
PPP balances during 2021.

Table 9 – Loan Maturity/Rate Sensitivity indicates the contractual maturity of all loans outstanding at December 31, 2022 as 
well as their sensitivity to changes in interest rates.  

For discussion of risks associated with the loan portfolio and First Financial's ACL, see the Asset Quality and Allowance for 
Credit Losses section included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

28  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

Table 9 • Loan Maturity/Rate Sensitivity

Within
one year

After one
but within
five years

December 31, 2022
Maturity
After five
but within
fifteen years

$ 

729,584  $ 
61,323 
118,238 
642,374 
36,566 
23,202 
81,001 
0 

2,180,874  $ 
162,598 
298,146 
2,067,009 
132,320 
113,303 
104,582 
0 

496,432  $ 
12,203 
21,545 
1,302,999 
361,718 
156,575 
22,782 
0 

$ 

1,692,288  $ 

5,058,832  $ 

2,374,254  $ 

After
fifteen years

Total
3,410,272 
236,124 
512,050 
4,052,759 
1,092,265 
733,791 
209,895 
51,815 
1,173,597  $  10,298,971 

3,382  $ 
0 
74,121 
40,377 
561,661 
440,711 
1,530 
51,815 

Within
one year

After one
but within
five years

After five
but within
fifteen years

After
fifteen years

$ 

132,653  $ 
61,323 
1,146 
105,672 
28,712 
12,236 
73,723 
0 

366,693  $ 
162,598 
3,087 
265,758 
97,814 
47,264 
102,662 
0 

$ 

415,465  $ 

1,045,876  $ 

115,427  $ 
12,203 
3,465 
141,125 
269,707 
69,235 
22,669 
0 

633,831  $ 

$ 

596,931  $ 

1,814,181  $ 

381,005  $ 

0 
117,092 
536,702 
7,854 
10,966 
7,278 
0 

0 
295,059 
1,801,251 
34,506 
66,039 
1,920 
0 

0 
18,080 
1,161,874 
92,011 
87,340 
113 
0 

$ 

1,276,823  $ 

4,012,956  $ 

1,740,423  $ 

1,227  $ 
0 
60,188 
4,575 
438,295 
26,716 
1,467 
439 
532,907  $ 

2,155  $ 
0 
13,933 
35,802 
123,366 
413,995 
63 
51,376 
640,690  $ 

Total

616,000 
236,124 
67,886 
517,130 
834,528 
155,451 
200,521 
439 
2,628,079 

2,794,272 
0 
444,164 
3,535,629 
257,737 
578,340 
9,374 
51,376 
7,670,892 

(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial & industrial
Lease financing
Construction real estate
Commercial real estate
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Credit card
   Total

(Dollars in thousands)
Fixed rate

Commercial & industrial
Lease financing
Construction real estate
Commercial real estate
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Credit card
Total

Variable rate

Commercial & industrial
Lease financing
Construction real estate
Commercial real estate
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Credit card
   Total

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Off-balance sheet arrangements include commitments to extend credit and financial guarantees.  Loan commitments are 
agreements to extend credit to a client absent any violation of any condition established in the commitment agreement.  
Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  

First Financial had commitments outstanding to extend credit totaling $4.4 billion and $4.0 billion at December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.  This increase in commitments was driven by the Company's strong origination efforts during the year.  

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As of December 31, 2022, loan commitments with variable interest rates totaled $4.2 billion, while commitments with a fixed 
interest rate totaled $126.3 million.  At December 31, 2021, commitments with variable interest rates totaled $3.8 billion, while 
loan commitments with a fixed interest rate totaled $129.2 million.  The fixed rate loan commitments have interest rates ranging 
from 0% to 21% for both December 31, 2022 and 2021 and have maturities ranging from less than 1 year to 31.6 years at 
December 31, 2022 and less than 1 year to 30.9 years at December 31, 2021.

Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by First Financial to guarantee the performance of a client to a third 
party.  First Financial’s portfolio of letters of credit consists primarily of performance assurances made on behalf of clients who 
have a contractual commitment to produce or deliver goods or services.  First Financial issued letters of credit aggregating 
$31.5 million and $41.1 million at December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively.  Management conducts regular reviews of these 
instruments on an individual client basis. 

First Financial is a party in risk participation transactions of interest rate swaps, which had total notional amount of $379.3 
million and $362.8 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

First Financial is a limited partner in several tax-advantaged limited partnerships whose purpose is to invest in approved 
qualified affordable housing, renewable energy, or other renovation or community revitalization projects.  These investments 
are included in Accrued interest and other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with any unfunded commitments included 
in Accrued interest and other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial expects 
to recover its remaining investments through the use of the tax credits that are generated by the investments.  First Financial had 
unfunded commitments related to tax credit investments of $84.3 million and $72.5 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively.

In the ordinary course of business, First Financial and its subsidiaries are parties to litigation, including claims to the ownership 
of funds in particular accounts, the collection of delinquent accounts, challenges to security interests in collateral, foreclosure 
interests that are incidental to our regular business activities and other matters.  While the ultimate liability with respect to these 
litigation matters and claims cannot be determined at this time, First Financial believes that damages, if any, and other amounts 
relating to pending matters are not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated as of December 31, 2022.  Reserves are 
established for these various matters of litigation, when appropriate, under FASB ASC Topic 450, Contingencies, based in part 
upon the advice of legal counsel.  First Financial had no reserves related to litigation matters as of December 31, 2022 or 
December 31, 2021.

ASSET QUALITY AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

Loans are classified as nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, collection of principal or interest is doubtful or when 
principal or interest payments are 90 days or more past due.  Generally, loans are classified as nonaccrual due to a borrower's 
continued failure to adhere to contractual payment terms, coupled with other pertinent factors.  When a loan is classified as 
nonaccrual, the accrual of interest income is discontinued and previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed.

Loans are classified as TDRs when borrowers are experiencing financial difficulties and concessions are made by the Company 
that would not otherwise be considered for a borrower with similar credit characteristics.  TDRs are generally classified as 
nonaccrual for a minimum period of six months and may qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated 
performance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement. 

Nonperforming assets consist of nonaccrual loans, accruing TDRs (collectively, nonperforming loans) and OREO.  

See Table 10 – Summary of the ACL and Selected Statistics for a summary of First Financial’s nonaccrual loans, TDRs and 
OREO. 

2022 vs. 2021.  Nonaccrual loans were $28.6 million, or 28 bps of total loans as of December 31, 2022.  This represents a $19.8 
million, or 40.9%, decline from $48.4 million as of December 31, 2021.  The decline in nonaccrual loans was largely the result 
of strong resolution efforts during the year, risk rating upgrades as borrower performance improved, as well as the sale of select 
loans.  Total nonperforming assets declined $20.3 million, or 33.8%, to $39.8 million at December 31, 2022 from $60.1 million 
at December 31, 2021.  The decline in nonperforming assets was driven by the decline in nonaccrual loans as well as a $0.7 
million decline in accruing TDRs.

30  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

Classified asset balances increased $23.3 million, or 22.3%, to $128.1 million at December 31, 2022 from $104.8 million at 
December 31, 2021.  The increase in classified asset balances during 2022 was primarily attributed to the downgrade of one 
large healthcare credit and one large specialty retail credit.

Allowance for credit losses.  The ACL is a reserve accumulated on the Consolidated Balance Sheets through the recognition of 
the provision for loan and lease losses.  First Financial records provision expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income to 
maintain the ACL at a level considered sufficient to absorb expected credit losses for financial assets in the portfolio over their 
expected remaining lives with consideration given to current and forward-looking information.

The recorded values of the loans and leases actually removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheets due to credit deterioration 
are referred to as charge-offs.  First Financial's policy is to charge-off all or a portion of a loan when, in management's opinion, 
it is unlikely to collect the principal amount owed in full either through payments from the borrower or from the liquidation of 
collateral.  All loans charged-off are subject to continuous review and concerted efforts are made to maximize any recovery.  In 
most cases, the borrower’s debt obligation is not canceled even though the balance may have been charged-off.   Actual losses 
on loans and leases are charged against the ACL.  Any subsequent recovery of a previously charged-off loan is credited back to 
the ACL.   

Management estimates the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to 
past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Historical credit loss experience paired with economic 
forecasts provide the basis for the quantitatively modeled estimation of expected credit losses.  First Financial adjusts its 
quantitative model, as necessary, to reflect conditions not already considered therein.  These adjustments are commonly known 
as the Qualitative Framework.  The evaluation of these factors is the responsibility of the ACL committee, which is comprised 
of senior officers from the risk management, credit administration, finance and lending areas. 

See Table 10 – Summary of the ACL and Selected Statistics for a summary of activity impacting the ACL and Table 11 – 
Allocation of the ACL for detail on its composition.

2022 vs. 2021.  The total ACL, which includes both funded and unfunded reserves, was $151.4 million at December 31, 2022, 
which combined with 6 bps of net charge-offs to result in $11.7 million in total provision expense for the year.  This compared 
to a total allowance of $145.4 million as of December 31, 2021 and $18.1 million of provision recapture in 2021. 

The Company utilized the Moody's December baseline forecast as its R&S forecast in the quantitative model at December 31, 
2022.  For reasonableness, the Company also considered the impact to the model from alternative, more adverse economic 
forecasts, slower prepayment speeds and increased default rates.  These alternative analyses were utilized to inform the 
Company's qualitative adjustments.  Additionally, First Financial considered its credit exposure to certain industries believed to 
be at risk for future credit stress, such as franchise, hotel and investor commercial real estate lending, when making qualitative 
adjustments to the ACL model.

ACL -  Loans and Leases.  The ACL on loans and leases at December 31, 2022 was $133.0 million, or 1.29% of total loans, 
which was a $1.0 million, or 0.7%, increase from $132.0 million, and 1.42% of loans at December 31, 2021.  Provision expense 
increased $25.8 million, or 135.4%, to $6.7 million in 2022 from $19.0 million of provision recapture in 2021.  Modest ACL 
growth and the related increase in provision expense in 2022 was driven by strong loan growth, slower prepayments speeds and 
stable credit quality during the period.  Provision recapture in 2021 was driven by improvements in credit quality and economic 
outlook following peak pandemic uncertainty in 2020.

Net charge-offs decreased $18.9 million, or 76.7%, to $5.7 million for 2022 compared to $24.7 million for 2021, while the ratio 
of net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans outstanding decreased to 6 bps in 2022 from 26 bps in 2021.  This decline in 
net charge-offs reflected stable credit quality and the Company's focused resolution efforts over the course of the year.  
Additionally, $9.2 million of net charge-offs incurred in 2021 were the result of the sale of $133.8 million of hotel loans, which 
was executed to address various portfolio concentrations. 

The ACL as a percentage of nonaccrual loans was 464.6% at December 31, 2022 and 272.8% at December 31, 2021.  The 
increase in this ratio was attributed to the decline in nonaccrual loans during the period coupled with the slight increase in the 
ACL.  The ACL as a percentage of nonperforming loans including accruing TDRs was 335.9% at December 31, 2022 
compared to 220.0% at December 31, 2021.   

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  31

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Provision expense is a product of the Company's ACL model combined with net charge-off activity during the period.  
Provision expense increased $25.8 million during 2022 as the Company recorded $6.7 million of provision expense during the 
period compared to $19.0 million of provision recapture in 2021.  

ACL - Unfunded Commitments.  The ACL on unfunded commitments was $18.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and $13.4 
million as of December 31, 2021.  First Financial recorded $5.0 million of provision expense on unfunded commitments for the 
year ended December 31, 2022 compared to $0.9 million for the same period of 2021.  The increases in both the ACL and 
provision expense on unfunded commitments were driven by an increase in the volume of outstanding commitments due to 
strong origination efforts during 2022 as well as a decline in commercial prepayments, which resulted in a longer duration for 
the unfunded commitment portfolio.   

For further discussion of First Financial's ACL, see Note 6 – Allowance for Credit Losses in the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  

32  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

Table 10 • Summary of the ACL and Selected Statistics

(Dollars in thousands)

Transactions in the allowance for credit losses:

Balance at January 1

Day one adoption impact of ASC 326

   Purchase accounting ACL for PCD

   Provision for credit losses

Loans charged-off:

   Commercial & industrial

   Lease financing

   Construction real estate

   Commercial real estate

   Real estate-residential

   Home equity

   Installment

   Credit card

      Total loans charged-off

Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:
    Commercial & industrial

    Lease financing

Construction real estate

Commercial real estate

Real estate-residential

Home equity

Installment

Credit card

      Total recoveries

      Net charge-offs

5,899 

152 

0 

3,667 

224 

160 

1,549 

907 

12,558 

939 

49 

0 

4,304 

174 

898 

165 

283 

6,812 

5,746 

Net charge-offs to average loans and leases 

Commercial & industrial

Lease financing

Construction real estate

Commercial real estate

Real estate-residential

Home equity

Installment

Credit card

Total net charge-offs

Nonperforming assets
Nonaccrual  loans (2)
Accruing troubled debt restructurings 

Total nonperforming loans

Other real estate owned (OREO)

Total nonperforming assets

Accruing loans past due 90 days or more

Total underperforming assets

Total classified assets

Credit quality ratios:

   As a percent of year-end loans, net of unearned income:

      Allowance for credit losses

     Nonaccrual loans 
     Nonperforming loans (1)

   Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans

   Allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans

(1) Includes loans classified as nonaccrual and troubled debt restructurings.

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

$ 

131,992 

$ 

175,679 

$ 

0 

0 

0 

17 

6,731 

(19,024) 

57,650 

61,505 

0 

70,796 

5,345 

852 

0 

12,100 

488 

1,541 

148 

885 

$ 

56,542 

$ 

54,021 

0 

0 

0 

0 

30,598 

14,586 

26,676 

11,533 

162 

0 

3,689 

677 

2,591 

223 

1,547 

0 

0 

4,835 

422 

1,725 

435 

1,720 

15,620 

0 

1,498 

13,471 

127 

1,073 

334 

780 

32,903 

21,359 

35,565 

20,670 

1,612 

0 

3 

4,785 

228 

1,223 

151 

221 

8,223 

24,680 

2,907 

0 

17 

2,262 

381 

1,132 

158 

230 

7,087 

14,272 

 0.17 %

 0.07 %

 0.00 %

 (0.02) %

 0.01 %

 (0.10) %

 0.87 %

 1.14 %

 0.06 %

 0.50 %

 0.00 %

 0.26 %

 0.20 %

 (0.01) %

 (0.02) %

 0.20 %

 1.13 %

 0.26 %

 0.08 %

 1.07 %

 0.00 %

 0.23 %

 0.01 %

 0.05 %

 (0.01) %

 1.39 %

 0.14 %

$ 

$ 

28,623 

10,960 

39,583 

191 

39,774 

857 

$ 

$ 

40,631 

128,137 

$ 

$ 

48,392 

11,616 

60,008 

98 

60,106 

137 

60,243 

104,815 

$ 

80,752 

$ 

7,099 

87,851 

1,287 

89,138 

169 

$ 

$ 

89,307 

142,021 

$ 

$ 

2,883 

0 

68 

1,113 

273 

1,335 

251 

152 

6,075 

29,490 

57,650 

 0.95 %

 0.17 %

 (0.01) %

 0.07 %

 0.04 %

 0.16 %

 (0.03) %

 2.81 %

 0.33 %

48,165 

11,435 

59,600 

2,033 

61,633 

201 

61,834 

89,250 

2,066 

1 

146 

4,106 

211 

1,309 

575 

191 

8,605 

12,065 

56,542 

 0.38 %

 0.00 %

 (0.03) %

 0.02 %

 0.03 %

 0.06 %

 (0.15) %

 3.19 %

 0.15 %

70,700 

16,109 

86,809 

1,401 

88,210 

63 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

88,273 

131,668 

 1.29 %

 0.28 %

 0.38 %

 464.58 %

 335.94 %

 1.42 %

 0.52 %

 0.65 %

 272.76 %

 219.96 %

 1.77 %

 0.82 %

 0.89 %

 217.55 %

 199.97 %

 0.63 %

 0.52 %

 0.65 %

 119.69 %

 96.73 %

 0.64 %

 0.80 %

 0.98 %

 79.97 %

 65.13 %

      Balance at December 31

$ 

132,977 

$ 

131,992 

$ 

175,679 

$ 

(2) Nonaccrual loans include nonaccrual TDRs of $10.0 million, $16.0 million, $14.7 million, $18.5 million, and $22.4 million, as of December 31, 2022,  2021, 2020, 2019,  and 2018, respectively.  

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Table 11 • Allocation of the ACL

2022

2021

December 31,

2020

2019

2018

(Dollars in thousands)

Allowance

Balance at End of Period Applicable to:

Percent 
of Loans 
to Total 
Loans

Allowance

Percent 
of Loans 
to Total 
Loans

Allowance

Percent 
of Loans 
to Total 
Loans

Allowance

Percent 
of Loans 
to Total 
Loans

Allowance

Percent 
of Loans 
to Total 
Loans

Commercial and industrial

$  42,313 

 33.1 % $  44,052 

 29.3 % $  51,454 

 30.4 % $  18,584 

 32.6 % $  18,746 

 28.5 %

Lease financing

Real estate – construction

Real estate – commercial

Real estate – residential

Installment, home equity & credit card

3,571 

13,527 

41,106 

12,684 

19,776 

 2.3 %  

1,633 

 1.2 %  

995 

 0.8 %  

971 

 5.0 %  

11,874 

 4.9 %  

21,736 

 6.4 %  

2,381 

 0.8 %  

 5.0 %  

1,130 

3,413 

 39.3 %  

53,420 

 45.5 %  

76,795 

 43.5 %  

23,579 

 42.6 %  

21,048 

 10.6 %  

6,225 

 9.6 %  

8,560 

 10.1 %  

 9.7 %  

14,788 

 9.5 %  

16,139 

 8.8 %  

5,299 

6,836 

 10.3 %  

 8.7 %  

4,964 

7,241 

 1.1 %

 6.2 %

 42.5 %

 10.8 %

 10.9 %

  Total

$  132,977 

 100.0 % $  131,992 

 100.0 % $  175,679 

 100.0 % $  57,650 

 100.0 % $  56,542 

 100.0 %

DERIVATIVES

First Financial is authorized to use certain derivative instruments including interest rate caps, floors, swaps and foreign 
exchange contracts to meet the needs of its clients while managing interest rate risk associated with certain transactions.  The 
Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes.

First Financial primarily utilizes interest rate swaps, which generally involve the receipt by First Financial of floating rate 
amounts from swap counterparties in exchange for payments to these counterparties by First Financial of fixed rate amounts 
received from borrowers.  This results in the Company's loan customers receiving fixed rate funding while providing First 
Financial with a floating rate asset.

In conjunction with participating interests in commercial loans, First Financial periodically enters into risk participation 
agreements with counterparties whereby First Financial assumes a portion of the credit exposure associated with an interest rate 
swap on the participated loan in exchange for a fee.  Under these agreements, First Financial will make payments to the 
counterparty if the loan customer defaults on its obligation to perform under the interest rate swap contract with the 
counterparty.

First Financial enters into IRLCs and forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans to third party investors, 
which are considered derivatives.  When borrowers secure an IRLC with First Financial and the loan is intended to be sold, 
First Financial will enter into forward commitments for the future delivery of the loans to third party investors in order to hedge 
against the effect of changes in interest rates impacting IRLCs and loans held for sale. 

First Financial may enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts for the benefit of commercial customers to hedge their 
exposure to foreign currency fluctuations.  Similar to the hedging of interest rate risk from interest rate derivative contracts, 
First Financial also enters into foreign exchange contracts with major financial institutions to economically hedge the exposure 
from client driven foreign exchange activity.  The Company has risk limits and internal controls in place to help ensure 
excessive risk is not being taken in providing this service to customers.

See Note 13 – Derivatives in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding First 
Financial's use of derivative instruments.

DEPOSITS

First Financial solicits deposits by offering commercial and consumer clients a wide variety of transaction and savings 
accounts, including checking, savings, money-market and time deposits of various maturities and rates.

2022 vs. 2021.  First Financial's total deposits decreased $170.8 million, or 1.3%, to $12.7 billion as of December 31, 2022 
from $12.9 billion at December 31, 2021.  This decline was driven by a decrease in savings deposits of $329.2 million, or 7.9%, 
a decrease in interest-bearing checking deposits of $161.6 million, or 5.1%, and a decrease in noninterest bearing deposits of 
$50.4 million, or 1.2%.  These changes were partially offset by a $370.4 million, or 27.8%, increase in time deposits.  Total 
non-time deposit balances were $11.0 billion as of December 31, 2022 and $11.5 billion as of December 31, 2021.  The decline 
in deposits was driven by rising interest rates and the corresponding competitive pressures. 

34  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total average deposits for 2022 decreased $80.1 million, or 0.6%, from 2021 primarily due to a decrease in average time 
deposits of $426.2 million, or 26.6%, and a decrease in average savings deposits $15.8 million, or 0.4%, partially offset by
an increase in average noninterest bearing deposits of $191.7 million, or 4.8%, and an increase in average interest-bearing 
demand deposits of $170.2 million, or 5.7%.  The decline in time deposits was largely attributed to a $292.1 million decrease in 
average brokered deposits as the Company shifted to short term borrowings to satisfy its funding needs.  

Table 12 – Uninsured Deposits-Maturities of Time Deposits Greater Than or Equal to $250,000 details the contractual maturity 
of deposits that are not FDIC insured.  Time Deposits Greater Than or Equal to $250,000 represented 1.3% of total deposits 
outstanding at December 31, 2022 and 1.5% at December 31, 2021.

Table 12 • Uninsured Deposits-Maturities of Time Deposits Greater than or Equal to $250,000

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2022

Maturing in
   3 months or less
   3 months to 6 months
   6 months to 12 months
   over 12 months
     Total

December 31, 2021

Maturing in

3 months or less
3 months to 6 months
6 months to 12 months
over 12 months

Total

BORROWINGS

CDs

IRAs

Total

$ 

$ 

38,264  $ 
21,380 
46,710 
49,806 
156,160  $ 

1,382  $ 
610 
2,385 
4,602 
8,979  $ 

39,646 
21,990 
49,095 
54,408 
165,139 

37,198 
46,053 
51,377 
49,945 

2,274  $ 
1,215 
4,571 
2,993 

39,472 
47,268 
55,948 
52,938 

$ 

184,573  $ 

11,053  $ 

195,626 

First Financial's short-term borrowings are utilized to manage the Company's normal liquidity needs.  These borrowings include 
repurchase agreements utilized for corporate sweep accounts with cash management account agreements in place, as well as 
overnight advances from the FHLB.  The Company's long-term borrowings consist of subordinated debt, FRB borrowings, 
FHLB long-term advances, repurchase agreements utilizing investment securities pledged as collateral and a capital loan from a 
municipality.  

2022 vs. 2021.  First Financial utilizes both short-term borrowings and long-term advances from the FHLB as wholesale 
funding sources.  Borrowed funds were $1.6 billion as of December 31, 2022 compared to $706.0 million as of December 31, 
2021.  Borrowings increased during the period largely as a result of the Company utilizing short term advances in lieu of 
brokered CDs to satisfy its funding needs.  

Short-term borrowings increased $991.0 million, or 334.6%, to $1.3 billion at December 31, 2022, from $296.2 million at 
December 31, 2021.  First Financial had $1.1 billion of short-term borrowings from the FHLB at December 31, 2022 compared 
to $225.0 million at December 31, 2021.  These short-term borrowings provided the required liquidity for funding the 
Company's loan growth.  Short-term borrowings included no repurchase agreements as of December 31, 2022 compared to 
$51.2 million at December 31, 2021.  The Company had no federal funds purchased as of December 31, 2022 or 2021.

Total long-term debt was $346.7 million and $409.8 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  Outstanding 
subordinated debt totaled $313.7 million and $313.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  The 
subordinated debt is treated as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital purposes and also included unamortized valuation and debt 
issuance costs of $7.8 million and $8.6 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

In conjunction with the acquisition of Summit, First Financial assumed $96.4 million in outstanding long-term borrowings at 
December 31, 2021.  These acquired long-term borrowings included $23.0 million of lines of credit with other banks utilized to 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  35

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

operate the business and carried an average interest rate of 2.77%.  These lines of credit were paid off in January 2022.  
Acquired long term borrowings also included term notes, both with and without recourse.  These term notes had outstanding 
balances of $32.5 million and $73.4 million with average interest rates of 4.44% and 4.09% at December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively.  These term notes were used to finance Summit's equity investment in the purchase of equipment to be leased to 
customers.  

The Company had no FHLB long-term advances as of December 31, 2022 or 2021.  First Financial's total remaining borrowing 
capacity from the FHLB was $347.4 million at December 31, 2022.  For ease of borrowing execution, First Financial utilizes a 
blanket collateral agreement with the FHLB.  First Financial pledged $6.0 billion of certain eligible residential, commercial and 
agricultural real estate loans, home equity lines of credit and certain agency CMOs, municipals and CMBS securities as 
collateral for borrowings from the FHLB as of December 31, 2022.   

See Note 12 – Borrowings in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on First Financial's 
borrowings.

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity management is the process by which First Financial manages the continuing flow of funds necessary to meet its 
financial commitments on a timely basis and at a reasonable cost.  These funding commitments include withdrawals by 
depositors, credit commitments to borrowers, shareholder dividends, share repurchases, operating expenses and capital 
expenditures.  Liquidity is derived primarily from deposit growth, principal and interest payments on loans and investment 
securities, maturing loans and investment securities and access to wholesale funding sources.  

First Financial’s most stable source of liability-funded liquidity for both long and short-term needs is deposit growth and 
retention of the core deposit base.  In addition to core deposit funding, First Financial also utilizes a variety of other short and 
long-term funding sources, which include subordinated notes, longer-term advances from the FRB and FHLB and its short-term 
line of credit.  For further information regarding the company's liability-funded liquidity, see Note 11 - Deposits and Note 12 - 
Borrowings.

First Financial has a $40.0 million short-term credit facility with an unaffiliated bank that matures in December 2023.  This 
facility has a variable interest rate and provides First Financial additional liquidity, if needed, for various corporate activities 
including the repurchase of First Financial common stock and the payment of dividends to shareholders.  As of December 31, 
2022, First Financial had no outstanding balance and at December 31, 2021, First Financial had an outstanding balance of $20.0 
million on this short-term credit facility.  The credit agreement requires First Financial to comply with certain covenants 
including those related to asset quality and capital levels, and First Financial was in compliance with all covenants associated 
with this facility as of December 31, 2022.

Both First Financial and the Bank received investment grade credit ratings from Kroll Bond Rating Agency, Inc., an 
independent rating agency.  These credit ratings impact the cost and availability of financing to First Financial, and a 
downgrade to these credit ratings could affect First Financial's or the Bank’s abilities to access the credit markets and 
potentially increase borrowing costs, negatively impacting financial condition and liquidity.  Key factors in maintaining high 
credit ratings include consistent and diverse earnings, strong credit quality and capital ratios, diverse funding sources and 
disciplined liquidity monitoring procedures.  The ratings of First Financial and the Bank at December 31, 2022 were as follows:

Table 13 • Credit Ratings

Senior Unsecured Debt

Subordinated Debt

Short-Term Debt

Deposit

Short-Term Deposit

First Financial Bancorp

First Financial Bank

BBB+

BBB

K2

N/A

N/A

A-

BBB+

K2

A-

K2

For ease of borrowing execution, First Financial utilizes a blanket collateral agreement with the FHLB.  First Financial pledged  
$6.0 billion of certain eligible residential, commercial and farm real estate loans, home equity lines of credit and government, 
agency and CMBS investments as collateral for borrowings from the FHLB as of December 31, 2022.  

36  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

First Financial's principal source of asset-funded liquidity is marketable investment securities, particularly those of shorter 
maturities.  The market value of investment securities classified as AFS totaled $3.4 billion and $4.2 billion at December 31, 
2022 and 2021, respectively.  As of December 31, 2022, $1.9 billion of AFS securities were unpledged and there were $371.4 
million of securities available to be sold at breakeven.

HTM securities that are maturing within a short period of time can be an additional source of liquidity.  As of December 31, 
2022 and 2021, the Company had no HTM securities maturing within one year.  

In total, First Financial expects $814.2 million of cash flows from its investment portfolio in the next 12 months.

Other sources of liquidity include cash and due from banks and interest-bearing deposits with other banks.  At December 31, 
2022, these balances totaled $595.7 million, and First Financial had unused and available overnight wholesale funding sources 
of $3.7 billion, or 22.0% of total assets, to fund loan and deposit activities in addition to general corporate requirements. 

Certain restrictions exist regarding the Bank's ability to transfer funds to First Financial in the form of cash dividends, loans, 
other assets or advances and the approval of the Bank's primary federal regulator is required to pay dividends in excess of 
regulatory limitations.  Dividends paid to First Financial from the Bank totaled $170.0 million, $200.0 million and $80.0 
million for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  As of December 31, 2022, the Bank had retained earnings of $794.6 million, of 
which $219.3 million was available for distribution to First Financial without prior regulatory approval.  As an additional 
source of liquidity, First Financial had $91.0 million in cash at the parent company as of December 31, 2022.

Share repurchases also impact First Financial's liquidity.  For further information regarding share repurchases, see the Capital 
section that follows.

Capital expenditures were $13.8 million for 2022, $15.3 million for 2021 and $16.5 million for 2020.  Material commitments 
for capital expenditures as of December 31, 2022, were $31.6 million.  Management believes that sufficient liquidity exists to 
fund its future capital expenditure commitments.

Management is not aware of any other trends, events or regulatory requirements that, if implemented, are likely to have a 
material effect on First Financial’s liquidity.

CAPITAL

Risk-Based Capital.  First Financial and its subsidiary, First Financial Bank, are subject to regulatory capital requirements 
administered by federal banking agencies.  Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action 
regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory 
guidelines.  Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators.  Failure to meet 
minimum capital requirements can initiate regulatory action. 

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System approved Basel III in order to strengthen the regulatory capital 
framework for all banking organizations, subject to a phase-in period for certain provisions.  Basel III established and defined 
quantitative measures to ensure capital adequacy.  These measures require First Financial to maintain minimum amounts and 
ratios of Common equity Tier 1 capital, Total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets 
(Leverage ratio).

Basel III includes a minimum ratio of Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 7.0% and includes a fully 
phased-in capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets.  Further, the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-
weighted assets is 8.5% and all banks are subject to a 4.0% minimum leverage ratio, while the minimum required Total risk-
based capital ratio is 10.5%.  Failure to maintain the required Common equity Tier 1 capital will result in potential restrictions 
on a bank’s ability to pay dividends, repurchase stock and pay discretionary compensation to its employees.  The capital 
requirements also provide strict eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments and change the method for calculating risk-
weighted assets in an effort to better identify riskier assets, such as highly volatile commercial real estate and nonaccrual loans.

First Financial's Tier 1 capital remained relatively stable at 11.17% at December 31, 2022 compared to 11.22% at December 31, 
2021, while the total capital ratio decreased to 13.64% from 14.11% during the same period.  The leverage ratio increased to 
8.89% at December 31, 2022, compared to 8.70% at December 31, 2021, while the Company’s tangible common equity ratio 
decreased to 5.95% at December 31, 2022 from 7.58% at December 31, 2021.  The decline in the tangible common equity ratio 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  37

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

was primarily driven by the decline in accumulated other comprehensive income during the period, which was due to unrealized 
losses in the investment portfolio as a result of rising interest rates.

As of December 31, 2022, First Financial met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.  At December 31, 2022 
and 2021, regulatory notifications categorized First Financial Bank as well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for 
prompt corrective action.  There have been no conditions or events that management believes has changed the Company’s 
capital categorization. 

For further detail on First Financial's capital ratios at December 31, 2022, see Note 20 – Capital in the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements.

Table 14 • Capital Adequacy

(Dollars in thousands)

Consolidated capital calculations

Common stock

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Treasury stock, at cost

Total shareholders' equity

Common equity tier 1 capital adjustments

Goodwill and other intangibles

Total tangible equity

Total assets

Goodwill and other intangibles

Total tangible assets

Common tier 1 capital

Tier 1 capital

Total capital

Total risk-weighted assets
Average assets (1)

Regulatory capital

Common tier 1 ratio
Tier 1 ratio
Total capital ratio

Leverage ratio

Other capital ratios

Total shareholders' equity to ending assets

Total tangible shareholders' equity to ending tangible assets

Total tangible shareholders' equity to risk-weighted assets

(1) For purposes of calculating the Leverage ratio, certain intangible assets are excluded from average assets.

December 31,

2022

2021

$  1,634,605 

$  1,640,358 

968,237 

(358,663) 

(202,806) 

837,473 

(433) 

(218,456) 

  2,041,373 

  2,258,942 

  (1,095,426) 

  (1,105,116) 

$  945,947 

$  1,153,826 

$ 17,003,316 

$ 16,329,141 

  (1,095,426) 

  (1,105,116) 

$ 15,907,890 

$ 15,224,025 

$  1,399,420 

$  1,262,789 

  1,443,698 

  1,306,571 

  1,762,971 

  1,642,549 

  12,923,233 

  11,642,201 

  16,240,905 

  15,010,256 

 10.83 %
 11.17 %
 13.64 %

 8.89 %

 12.01 %

 5.95 %

 7.32 %

 10.85 %
 11.22 %
 14.11 %

 8.70 %

 13.83 %

 7.58 %

 9.91 %

First Financial generally seeks to balance the return of earnings to shareholders through shareholder dividends and share 
repurchases with capital retention in order to maintain adequate levels of capital and support the Company's growth plans.

Shareholder Dividends.  First Financial’s dividend payout ratio, or total dividends paid divided by net income available to 
common shareholders, was 39.5%, 42.6% and 57.5% for the years 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  The dividend payout 
ratio is continually reviewed by management and the board of directors for consistency with First Financial’s overall capital 

38  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
planning activities and compliance with applicable regulatory limitations.  In January 2023, the board of directors authorized a  
dividend of $0.23 per common share, payable on March 15, 2023 to all shareholders of record as of March 1, 2023.

Share Repurchases.  Effective January 2022, First Financial's board of directors approved a stock repurchase plan (the 2022 
Repurchase Plan), replacing the 2020 Repurchase Plan which became effective in January 2021.  The 2022 Repurchase Plan 
continues for two years and authorizes the purchase of up to 5,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock and will expire 
in December 2023.  First Financial did not purchase any shares under the 2022 Repurchase Plan during 2022. 

The 2020 Repurchase Plan replaced the plan that expired on December 31, 2020 (the 2019 Repurchase Plan).  Under the 2020 
Repurchase Plan, First Financial repurchased 4,633,355 shares at an average market price of $23.33 during 2021.  

Shareholders' Equity.  Total shareholders’ equity at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $2.0 billion and $2.3 
billion, respectively.  The decline in total equity compared to the prior year was due to $358.2 million decline in accumulated 
other comprehensive income during the period, which was driven by higher unrealized losses in the investment portfolio as a 
result of rising interest rates.  This decline more than offset an increase in retained earnings during the year, which was the 
result of the Company's strong earnings.

For further detail, see the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity. 

PENSION PLAN

First Financial sponsors a non-contributory defined-benefit pension plan covering substantially all employees.  The significant 
assumptions used in the valuation and accounting for the pension plan include the discount rate, expected return on plan assets 
and the rate of employee compensation increase.  The discount rate assumption was determined based on highly rated corporate 
bonds, weighted to adjust for their relative size, projected plan cash flows using the annuity substitution method as well as 
comparisons to external industry surveys.  The expected return on plan assets was 7.25% for both 2022 and 2021, and was 
based on the composition of plan assets, actual returns, economic forecasts and economic trends.  The assumed rate of 
compensation increase was 3.50% and was compared to historical increases for plan participants for reasonableness.

Presented below is the estimated impact on First Financial’s projected benefit obligation and pension expense as of 
December 31, 2022, assuming shifts in the significant assumptions: 

Table 15 • Rate Change Impact on Pension Parameters

 (Dollars in thousands)

-100 BP

+100 BP

-100 BP

+100 BP

-100 BP

+100 BP

Change in Projected Benefit Obligation
Change in Pension Expense

$ 

3,465  $ 
128 

(2,654) 

N/A

N/A $ 

165  $ 

1,515  $ 

(1,515) 

(377)  $ 
(296) 

774 
540 

Discount rate

Expected return on
plan assets

Rate of compensation 
increase

Based upon the plan’s current funding status and updated actuarial projections for 2022, First Financial recorded expense  
related to its pension plan of $2.0 million for 2022, $3.4 million for 2021 and $2.5 million for 2020 in the Consolidated 
Statements of Income.  First Financial will make contributions to the plan if plan assets do not meet or exceed ERISA’s 
minimum funding standards.  Given the plan's over-funded status, First Financial made no cash contributions to fund the 
pension plan in 2022, 2021 or 2020 nor does it expect to make a cash contribution in 2023. 

See Note 17 – Employee Benefit Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on First 
Financial's pension plan.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  39

 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

ENTERPRISE RISK MANAGEMENT 

First Financial considers risk to be any issue that could have an adverse impact on the Company's capital or earnings, or 
negatively impact the Company's ability to meet its objectives.  First Financial manages risks through a structured ERM 
approach that routinely assesses the overall level of risk, identifies specific risks and evaluates the steps being taken to mitigate 
those risks.  First Financial continues to enhance its risk management capabilities and has, over time, embedded risk awareness 
into the Company's culture.  ERM allows First Financial to align a variety of risk management activities within the Company 
into a cohesive, enterprise-wide approach and focus on process-level risk management activities and strategic objectives within 
the risk management culture.  Additionally, ERM allows the Company to deliberately develop risk responses and evaluate the 
effectiveness of mitigation compared to established thresholds for risk appetite and tolerance, in addition to facilitating the 
consideration of significant organizational changes and consolidation of information through a common process for 
management and the board of directors.

First Financial has identified nine types of risk that it monitors in its ERM framework.  These risks include credit, market 
(composed of interest rate, liquidity, capital, foreign exchange and financial risk), operational, compliance, strategic, reputation, 
information technology, cybersecurity and legal.

First Financial uses a robust regulatory risk framework as one of the foundational components of its ERM framework.  This 
allows for a common categorization across the Company and provides a consistent and complete risk framework that can be 
summarized and assessed enterprise-wide.  Additionally, the risk framework utilized is consistent with that used by the 
Company’s regulators, which results in additional feedback on First Financial’s ability to assess and measure risk across the 
organization as well as the ability for management and the board of directors to identify and understand differences in assessed 
risk profiles.

ERM helps ensure that First Financial continues to identify and adequately address risks that emerge from a combination of 
new customers, products and associates, changing markets, new lines of business and processes and new or evolving systems.

The goals of First Financial’s ERM framework are to:

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

focus on the Company at both the enterprise and line of business levels;
align the Company's risk appetite with its strategic, operational, compliance and reporting objectives;
enhance risk response decisions;
reduce operational deficiencies and possible losses;
identify and manage interrelated risks;
provide integrated responses to multiple risks;
improve the deployment and allocation of capital; and
improve overall business performance.

Specific enterprise-level objectives include:

•

•
•

•

•

•
•

creating a holistic view of risk in which risk is comprehensively considered, consistently communicated and 
documented in decision making;
centralizing the oversight of risk management activities;
defining the risks that will be addressed by the enterprise and each functional area or business unit to create an 
awareness of risks affecting the Company;
establishing and maintaining systems and mechanisms to identify, assess, monitor and measure risks that may impact 
First Financial’s ability to achieve its business objectives;
creating a process which ensures that, for all new lines of business and new product decisions, management evaluates 
the expertise needed and assesses the risks involved;
establishing and maintaining systems and mechanisms to monitor risk responses;
developing risk occurrence information systems to provide early warning of events or situations that create risk for the 
Company;

• maintaining a compliance culture and framework that ensures adherence to laws, rules and regulations, fair treatment 

•

and privacy of customers and prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing;
implementing and reviewing risk measurement techniques that management may use to establish the Company’s risk 
tolerance, assess risk likelihood and impact, main effective controls and analyze risk and control monitoring 
processes; and

40  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
•

establishing appropriate management reporting systems regarding the enterprise-wide risk exposures and allocation of 
capital.

Line of business-level objectives focus on why and where the particular business or business unit risk exists; how the business 
unit’s management of its risks affects the Company’s strategy, earnings, reputation and other key success factors; whether the 
line of business objectives are aligned with enterprise objectives, how effective internal procedures are integral to successful 
business operations , and whether internal controls  and their maintenance are reliable.

Board of Directors and Board Risk & Compliance Committees.  First Financial’s board of directors is responsible for 
understanding the Company’s compliance and risk management objectives and risk tolerance, and as such, board oversight of 
the Company’s compliance and risk management activities is a key component to an effective risk management process. The 
Board's oversight responsibilities include:

•

establishing and guiding the Company’s strategic direction and tolerance for risk, including the determination of the 
aggregate risk appetite and identifying the senior managers who have the responsibility for managing risk;

• monitoring the Company’s performance and overall risk profile, ensuring that the level of risk is maintained at prudent 

levels and is supported by adequate capital;
ensuring that the Company implements sound fundamental principles that facilitate the identification, measurement, 
monitoring and control of risk;
ensuring that adequate resources are dedicated to compliance and risk management; and 
confirming that awareness of risk management activities is evident throughout the organization.

•

•
•

The board of directors has defined broad risk tolerance levels, or limits, to guide management in the decision-making process, 
and is responsible for establishing information and communication requirements to ensure that risk management activities 
remain within these tolerance limits.  The risk and compliance committee, a standing committee of the board of directors, is 
responsible for carrying out the board’s responsibilities in this regard.  Other standing committees of the board (audit, 
compensation, corporate governance and nominating, and capital markets) oversee particular areas of risk governance assigned 
specifically to them.

Executive and Senior Management.  Members of executive and senior management are responsible for managing risk 
activities and delegating risk authority and tolerance to the responsible risk owners.

Management is responsible for identifying which processes and activities are critical to achieving the Company’s business 
objectives within tolerance levels.  Management then delegates responsibility, authority and accountability to the appropriate 
risk owners who are responsible for ensuring that the respective processes and activities are designed and implemented to 
manage the related risks within those delegated tolerance levels.  Management analyzes and monitors risk management 
performance with key risk indicator and key performance indicator dashboards.

Chief Risk Officer.  The chief risk officer is responsible for the oversight of the Company’s ERM processes.  The chief risk 
officer may appoint other officers or establish other management committees as required for effective risk management and 
governance, including risk identification, risk measurement, risk monitoring, risk control or mitigation and risk reporting and 
assurance.  The chief risk officer is also responsible for the maintenance of procedures, methodologies and guidelines 
considered necessary to administer the ERM program.

Chief Compliance Officer.  The chief compliance officer is responsible for the oversight of the Company’s compliance 
management function, which includes Bank Secrecy Act/Anti-Money Laundering and all other regulatory compliance.  The 
chief compliance officer is authorized to implement all necessary actions to ensure achievement of the objectives of an effective 
compliance program and may appoint other officers or establish other management committees as required for effective 
compliance management.  The chief compliance officer reviews and evaluates compliance issues and concerns and is 
responsible for monitoring and reporting results of the compliance efforts in addition to providing guidance to the board of 
directors and senior management team on matters relating to compliance.  

Committee Chairs.  The ERM program utilizes multiple management committees as its primary assessment and 
communication mechanism for identified risks.  Committee chairs play key roles in the execution of risk management activities 
throughout the enterprise and are responsible for continuous updates and communication among committee members in 
conjunction with the risk management department regarding changes to risk profiles, changes to risk assessments and the 
emergence of new risks that could impact the Company.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  41

 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Internal Audit.  Internal audit is responsible for planning audit activities to periodically reassess the design and operation of 
key risk management processes and to make periodic evaluations of the ongoing accuracy and effectiveness of the 
communications from risk owners to senior management and from senior management to the board of directors.

Risk Assessment Process.  The periodic assessment of risks is a key component of a sound ERM program.  Managers, 
business line leaders and executives are responsible for developing the risk and control assessment for their individual 
departments, business lines and subsidiaries.  The chief risk officer, management and the board risk and compliance committee 
are responsible for ensuring that risk is viewed and analyzed from an enterprise-level global perspective.  Furthermore, 
interrelated risks are considered, assessing how a single risk or event may create multiple risks.

Risk management programs, in each functional component and in aggregate, accomplish the following:

•
•
•

•
•

•
•

•
•
•

identify risks and their respective owners;
link identified risks and their mitigation to the Company's strategic objectives;
utilize risk and control assessments that evaluate both inherent risks and their associated likelihood of occurrence and 
consequences, as well as the associated controls employed and their effectiveness in reducing risk; the risks and their 
associated likelihood of occurrence and consequences;
encourage employees in all units to develop a working understanding of upstream and downstream activities; 
develop strategies to manage risk, such as avoiding the risk; reducing the negative effect of the risk; transferring the 
risk to another party; and/or accepting some or all of the consequences of a particular risk;
prioritize the risk issues with regard to the current residual risk status and trend;
provide reports to management and risk owners that will assist them in implementing appropriate risk management 
processes;
assist management in assessing the alternatives for managing risks;
assist management in the development of risk management plans; and 
track risk management/mitigation efforts.

Monitoring and Reporting.  The board of directors oversees risk reporting and monitoring through the board risk and 
compliance committee, which meets at least quarterly. 

Management continually reviews any risk identified as key, as well as the appropriateness of established tolerance limits and 
the actions considered as necessary to mitigate key risks.  As circumstances warrant, management provides recommendations to 
the board risk and compliance committee related to changes or adjustments to key risks or tolerance limits.

First Financial believes that communication is fundamental to successful risk management and productive reporting and 
communication between the risk management department, management and the board of directors is required for collaborative 
and effective risk management.

CREDIT RISK

Credit risk represents the risk of loss due to failure of a customer or counterparty to meet its financial obligations in accordance 
with contractual terms.  First Financial manages credit risk through its underwriting and ongoing administration practices, 
periodically reviewing and approving its credit exposures using credit policies and guidelines approved by the board of 
directors.

MARKET RISK

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due to changes in interest 
rates, foreign exchange rates and equity prices.  The primary sources of market risk for First Financial are interest rate risk and 
liquidity risk.  

Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings and the value of the Company's equity arising from changes in market interest rates.  
Interest rate risk arises in the normal course of business to the extent that there is a divergence between the amount of interest-
earning assets and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities that are prepaid, withdrawn, re-priced or mature in specified 
periods.  First Financial seeks to achieve consistent growth in net interest income and equity while managing volatility from 
shifts in market interest rates.  

42  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

First Financial monitors its interest rate risk position using income simulation models and EVE sensitivity analyses that capture 
both short-term and long-term interest rate risk exposure.  Income simulation involves forecasting NII under a variety of 
interest rate scenarios.  EVE is calculated by discounting the cash flows for all balance sheet instruments under different interest 
rate scenarios.  First Financial uses EVE sensitivity analysis to understand the impact of changes in interest rates on long-term 
cash flows, income and capital.  For both NII and EVE modeling, First Financial leverages instantaneous parallel shocks to 
evaluate interest rate risk exposure across rising and falling rate scenarios.  Additional scenarios evaluated include various non-
parallel yield curve twists.

First Financial’s interest rate risk models are based on the contractual and assumed cash flows and repricing characteristics for 
the Company’s assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet exposure.  A number of assumptions are also incorporated into the 
interest rate risk models, including prepayment behaviors and repricing spreads for assets in addition to attrition and repricing 
rates for liabilities.  Assumptions are primarily derived from behavior studies of the Company’s historical client base and are 
continually refined.  Modeling the sensitivity of NII and EVE to changes in market interest rates is highly dependent on the 
assumptions incorporated into the modeling process.

Non-maturity deposit modeling is particularly dependent on the assumption for repricing sensitivity known as a beta.  Beta is 
the amount by which First Financial’s interest bearing non-maturity deposit rates will increase when short-term interest rates 
rise.  The Company utilized a weighted average deposit beta of 35% in its interest rate risk modeling as of December 31, 2022.  
First Financial also includes an assumption for the migration of non-maturity deposit balances into CDs for all upward rate 
scenarios beginning with the +100 BP scenario, thereby increasing deposit costs and reducing asset sensitivity. 

Presented below is the estimated impact on First Financial’s NII and EVE as of December 31, 2022, assuming immediate, 
parallel shifts in interest rates:

Table 16 • Rate Change Impact on NII and EVE

NII - Year 1
NII - Year 2
EVE

% Change from base case for
 immediate parallel changes in rates

-100 BP
(6.67)%
(7.23)%
(3.98)%

+100 BP
4.49%
4.78%
2.52%

+200 BP
8.15%
8.82%
4.62%

“Risk-neutral” refers to the absence of a strong bias toward either asset or liability sensitivity.  “Asset sensitivity” is when a 
company's interest-earning assets reprice more quickly or in greater quantities than interest-bearing liabilities.  Conversely, 
“liability sensitivity” is when a company's interest-bearing liabilities reprice more quickly or in greater quantities than interest-
earning assets.  In a rising interest rate environment, asset sensitivity results in higher net interest income while liability 
sensitivity results in lower net interest income.  In a declining interest rate environment, asset sensitivity results in lower net 
interest income while liability sensitivity results in higher net interest income.

The projected results for NII and EVE reflect an asset sensitive position, due to a strong funding mix of low cost transactional 
deposits supporting loans priced primarily off the short end of the rate curve.  The down rate shock sensitivity remains elevated 
due to asset yields improving faster than lagged deposit costs.  First Financial continues to manage its balance sheet with a bias 
toward asset sensitivity while simultaneously balancing the potential earnings impact of this strategy.

First Financial continually evaluates the sensitivity of its interest rate risk position to modeling assumptions.  The following 
table reflects First Financial’s estimated NII sensitivity profile as of December 31, 2022 assuming both a 25% increase and 
decrease to the beta assumption on managed rate deposit products:

Table 17 • Estimated Interest Sensitivity on NII

NII-Year 1

NII-Year 2

Beta sensitivity (% change from base)

+100 BP

+200 BP

Beta 25% lower

Beta 25% higher

Beta 25% lower

Beta 25% higher

 5.30 %

 5.57 %

 3.69 %

 3.99 %

 8.93 %

 9.58 %

 7.37 %

 8.06 %

See the Net Interest Income section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis for further discussion.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  43

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Table 18 – Market Risk Disclosure projects the principal maturities and yields of First Financial’s interest-bearing financial 
instruments at December 31, 2022 for the next five years and thereafter, as well as the fair value of the instruments.  For loans, 
securities and liabilities with contractual maturities, the table presents principal cash flows and related weighted-average 
interest rates by contractual maturities.  For investment securities, including MBS and CMO, principal cash flows are based on 
estimated average lives.  For loan instruments without contractual maturities, such as credit card loans, principal payments are 
allocated based on historical payment activity trends.  Maturities for interest-bearing liability accounts with no contractual 
maturity dates are estimated according to historical experience of cash flows and current expectations of client behaviors when 
calculating fair value, but are included in the maturing in one year or less category as they can be withdrawn on demand.

Table 18 • Market Risk Disclosure

(Dollars in thousands)

Rate sensitive assets

Fixed interest rate loans (1)

Principal Amount Maturing In

Fair Value

December 31,

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total

2022

$  417,925 

$  313,701 

$ 283,213 

$ 244,982 

$ 204,152 

$ 1,117,088 

$ 2,581,061 

$  2,353,681 

   Average interest rate

 4.74 %

 4.76 %

 4.71 %

 4.72 %

 4.62 %

 3.99 %

 4.39 %

Variable interest rate loans (1)

  1,279,082 

 1,222,269 

  943,376 

  941,274 

  957,423 

 2,249,427 

 7,592,851 

7,570,590 

   Average interest rate

 6.87 %

 6.77 %

 6.70 %

 6.55 %

 7.00 %

 6.32 %

 6.64 %

Fixed interest rate securities

  149,097 

  202,578 

  190,155 

  260,486 

  358,580 

 1,564,496 

 2,725,392 

2,720,355 

   Average interest rate

 3.04 %

 3.14 %

 3.07 %

 3.26 %

 2.47 %

 2.27 %

 2.54 %

Variable interest rate securities

  241,367 

  144,163 

  100,540 

  115,676 

  109,632 

56,899 

  768,277 

765,778 

   Average interest rate

 7.42 %

 7.18 %

 6.46 %

 6.03 %

 6.47 %

 5.61 %

 6.77 %

Other earning assets

  388,182 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

  388,182 

388,182 

   Average interest rate

 4.40 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 4.40 %

Rate sensitive liabilities

Noninterest-bearing checking (2)
Savings and interest-bearing 
checking (2)

$ 4,135,180 

$ 

  6,865,292 

$ 

0 

0 

$ 

0 

0 

$ 

0 

0 

$ 

0 

0 

0 

0 

$ 4,135,180 

$  4,135,180 

 6,865,292 

6,865,292 

   Average interest rate

 0.73 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.73 %

Time deposits

  1,320,228 

  293,735 

  37,093 

  37,881 

  11,768 

0 

 1,700,705 

1,670,275 

   Average interest rate

 3.05 %

 2.07 %

 0.38 %

 0.56 %

 0.52 %

 0.00 %

 2.75 %

Fixed interest rate borrowings

  1,292,131 

5,160 

  125,580 

6,083 

6,495 

  150,379 

 1,585,828 

1,587,432 

   Average interest rate

 4.58 %

 6.78 %

 5.19 %

 6.56 %

 6.57 %

 5.35 %

 4.72 %

Variable interest rate borrowings

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

48,000 

48,000 

47,765 

   Average interest rate

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 0.00 %

 7.33 %

 7.33 %

(1) Includes loans held for sale.
(2) Deposits without a stated maturity are represented as maturing within one year due to the ability of the client to withdraw deposited amounts on demand.

Liquidity risk is the potential that an entity will be unable to meet its obligations as they come due because of an inability to 
liquidate assets or obtain funding or that it cannot easily unwind or offset exposures without significantly lowering market 
prices because of inadequate market depth or market disruptions.  Management focuses on maintaining and enhancing liquidity 
by maximizing collateral-based liquidity availability.  First Financial manages liquidity in relation to the trend and stability of 
deposits; degree and reliance on short-term, volatile sources of funds, including any undue reliance on borrowings or brokered 
deposits to fund longer-term assets.  Management identifies, measures, monitors and manages liquidity while seeking to 
maintain diversification of funding sources, both on- and off-balance-sheet. 

In 2022, the Company continued to update liquidity risk management processes, such as refining the contingency funding plan, 
meeting frequently, securing additional contingent borrowing capacity and developing additional ad-hoc liquidity reporting to 
monitor funding inflows and outflows related to the PPP funding and forgiveness.  Management is closely monitoring the usage 
of excess business deposits, the balance of personal deposits and the broader macroeconomic environment.  For further 
discussion of the Company's liquidity, please see the Liquidity section within Management's Discussion and Analysis.

44  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
OPERATIONAL RISK

Operational risk is the risk of loss due to human behavior, inadequate or failed internal systems and controls and external 
influences such as market conditions, fraudulent activities, natural disasters and security risks.  First Financial continuously 
strives to strengthen the Company’s system of internal controls and operating processes as well as associates' ability to assess 
the impact on earnings and capital from operational risk.

COMPLIANCE RISK

Compliance risk represents the risk of regulatory sanctions, reputational impact or financial loss resulting from the Company’s 
failure to comply with rules and regulations issued by the various banking agencies and standards of good banking practice. 
Activities which may expose First Financial to compliance risk include, but are not limited to, those dealing with the prevention 
of money laundering, privacy and data protection, community reinvestment initiatives, fair lending challenges resulting from 
the Company’s ongoing management of its banking center network and employment and tax matters.

STRATEGIC AND REPUTATION RISK

Strategic risk represents the risk of loss due to failure to fully develop and execute business plans, failure to assess current and 
new business opportunities, markets and products, inability to effectively manage human capital risk factors such as 
satisfaction, engagement, attrition, retention, and diversity, equity and, inclusion (DEI) and any other event not identified in the 
defined risk types previously mentioned. Strategic risk focuses on analyzing factors that affect the direction of the institution or 
improper implementation of decisions

Reputation risk represents the risk of loss or impairment of earnings and capital from negative publicity.  This affects the ability 
of First Financial to establish new relationships or services or to continue servicing existing relationships.  Reputation risk is 
recognized by the effect that public opinion could have on First Financial's franchise value and has evolved in recent years with 
the growth in social media.  First Financial also seeks to build social responsibility into its brand and has formed a corporate 
responsibility working group to develop an initial corporate social responsibility (CSR) report, which will highlight First 
Financial’s efforts, goals, and plans to help the environment and our communities.

Mitigation of strategic and reputation risk elements is achieved through initiatives that help First Financial better understand 
and report on the various risks it faces each day, including those related to the development of new products and business 
initiatives and client feedback response and mitigation routines that analyze and share feedback data with business lines for 
client experience and process improvements. 

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RISK

Information technology risk is the risk that the information technologies utilized by FFB are not efficiently and effectively 
supporting the current and future needs of the business, operating as intended or compromise the availability, integrity and 
reliability of data and information.  This risk also considers whether or not the Company’s information technology exposes the 
Company's assets to potential loss or misuse, or threatens the Company’s ability to sustain the operation of critical business 
processes. 

CYBERSECURITY RISK

Cybersecurity (cyber) risk is differentiated from information technology risk by threat interactions that yield high impact 
consequences and ever-increasing probability.  First Financial continues to be the target of various evolving and adaptive cyber 
attacks, including malware, phishing and distributed denial-of-service, in order to disrupt the operations of financial institutions, 
potentially test their cybersecurity capabilities, commit fraud, or obtain confidential, proprietary or other information.  While 
standard security operations address most day-to-day incidents, cyber risk includes threats and attacks that often use advanced 
tools, techniques and processes to evade detection or inflict maximum damage to an organization's information assets.  Cyber 
threats and attacks adapt and evolve rapidly, so First Financial works to continuously enhance controls and processes to protect 
its networks and applications from attack, damage or unauthorized access.  Critical components to the Company’s cyber risk 
control structure include corporate governance, threat intelligence, security awareness training and patch management 
programs.  Cyber risk mitigation includes effectively identifying, protecting against, detecting, responding to and recovering 
from cyber threats.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  45

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

LEGAL RISK

Legal risk encompasses the impact of unenforceable contracts, lawsuits or adverse judgments, which can disrupt or otherwise 
negatively affect the Company’s operations or condition.  Legal risk also includes the exposure from litigation, fiduciary 
relationships and contractual obligations from both traditional and nontraditional financial institution activities.  Legal risk is 
present in all areas of the Company and its activities.

FOURTH QUARTER REVIEW

For the three months ended December 31, 2022, the Company reported net income of $69.1 million, or $0.73 per diluted 
common share.  These results compare to net income of $55.7 million, or $0.59 per diluted common share, for the third quarter 
of 2022.  Return on average assets for the fourth quarter of 2022 was 1.63% compared to a return on assets of 1.35% in the third 
quarter of 2022. 

Loan balances increased $501.5 million from the third quarter of 2022, an increase of 20.3% on an annualized basis.  The 
increase was attributed to strong origination volumes across much of the portfolio and included $129.7 million in new finance 
leases from Summit Funding Group.  Average deposit balances increased $261.3 million compared to the linked quarter, 
primarily due to a $319.3 million increase in brokered CD balances.  Outside of this increase, average deposit balances were 
relatively stable during the fourth quarter.    

Net interest margin for the fourth quarter of 2022 was 4.43%, or 4.47% on a fully tax-equivalent basis.  This was a 50 basis 
point increase from the third quarter of 2022, and was driven by a 96 bp increase in loan yields due to continued Federal 
Reserve rate hikes.  These asset yields more than offset a 31 bp increase in the cost of deposits for the quarter.

Noninterest income for the fourth quarter of 2022 was $56.0 million, an increase of $13.5 million, or 31.7%, over the prior 
quarter.  The fourth quarter included record Bannockburn income of $19.6 million, an increase of $7.8 million, or 66.7%, from 
the third quarter as well as record Summit leasing business income of $11.1 million, an increase of $4.0 million, or 56.1%.  
Mortgage banking income declined $1.5 million, or 40.8%, during the quarter as demand softened due to higher interest rates.  

Noninterest expense for the fourth quarter of 2022 was $124.4 million, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 0.5%, from the linked 
quarter.  The decrease included a $7.9 million, or 33.3% decline in other noninterest expense, which was driven by lower write-
downs of tax credit investments, but partially offset by a $2.5 million contribution to the First Financial Foundation.  Largely 
offsetting the decline in other noninterest expenses was a $6.8 million, or 10.2%, increase in salaries and employee benefits, 
which was driven by incentive costs tied to record foreign exchange income during the period as well as the Company's overall 
performance.   

The ACL, including both funded and unfunded reserves, was $151.4 million at December 31, 2022, and the Company recorded 
$10.0 million in total provision expense during the fourth quarter.  The provision expense was driven by significant loan growth 
combined with the slowing of prepayment speeds, which increased the duration of the portfolio.  Asset quality was relatively 
stable and the Company recorded 1 basis point of net recoveries annualized as a percentage of loan balances during the quarter.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

First Financial’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared based on the application of accounting policies, the most 
significant of which are described in Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  These policies require the reliance on estimates and assumptions which are inherently subjective and 
may be susceptible to significant change.  Changes in underlying factors, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact 
on First Financial’s future financial condition and results of operations.  In management’s opinion, some of these estimates and 
assumptions have a more significant impact than others on First Financial’s financial reporting.  

For First Financial, these estimates and assumptions include accounting for the ACL - loans and leases, goodwill, pension and 
income taxes.  The estimates and assumptions made are based upon historical experience, future forecasts, or other factors that 
management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Because of the nature of the judgment and assumptions, actual 
results could differ from estimates, which could have a material effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

46  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report which are not statements of historical fact constitute forward-looking statements 
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Words such as ‘‘believes,’’ ‘‘anticipates,’’ 
“likely,” “expected,” “estimated,” ‘‘intends’’ and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements 
but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements.  Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not 
limited to, statements we make about (i) our future operating or financial performance, including revenues, income or loss and 
earnings or loss per share, (ii) future common stock dividends, (iii) our capital structure, including future capital levels, (iv) our 
plans, objectives and strategies, and (v) the assumptions that underlie our forward-looking statements.

As with any forecast or projection, forward-looking statements are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in 
circumstances that may cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.  
Forward-looking statements are not historical facts but instead express only management’s beliefs regarding future results or 
events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside of management’s control. It is possible that actual 
results and outcomes may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results or outcomes indicated in these forward-
looking statements.  Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking 
statements include the following, without limitation: 

•

•

•

economic, market, liquidity, credit, interest rate, operational and technological risks associated with the Company’s 
business;

future credit quality and performance, including our expectations regarding future loan losses and our allowance for 
credit losses; 

the effect of and changes in policies and laws or regulatory agencies, including the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform 
and Consumer Protection Act and other legislation and regulation relating to the banking industry; (iv) management’s 
ability to effectively execute its business plans; 

• mergers and acquisitions, including costs or difficulties related to the integration of acquired companies;

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

the possibility that any of the anticipated benefits of the Company’s acquisitions will not be realized or will not be 
realized within the expected time period;

the effect of changes in accounting policies and practices; 

changes in consumer spending, borrowing and saving and changes in unemployment; 

changes in customers’ performance and creditworthiness;

the costs and effects of litigation and of unexpected or adverse outcomes in such litigation;   

current and future economic and market conditions, including the effects of changes in housing prices, fluctuations in 
unemployment rates, U.S. fiscal debt, budget and tax matters, geopolitical matters, and any slowdown in global 
economic growth;

the adverse impact on the U.S. economy, including the markets in which we operate, of the novel coronavirus, which 
causes the Coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”), global pandemic, and the impact on the performance of our loan 
and lease portfolio, the market value of our investment securities, the availability of sources of funding and the 
demand for our products;

our capital and liquidity requirements (including under regulatory capital standards, such as the Basel III capital 
standards) and our ability to generate capital internally or raise capital on favorable terms;

financial services reform and other current, pending or future legislation or regulation that could have a negative effect 
on our revenue and businesses, including the Dodd-Frank Act and other legislation and regulation relating to bank 
products and services;

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  47

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

•

•

•

•

•

the effect of the current interest rate environment or changes in interest rates or in the level or composition of our 
assets or liabilities on our net interest income, net interest margin and our mortgage originations, mortgage servicing 
rights and mortgage loans held for sale;

the effect of a fall in stock market prices on our brokerage, asset and wealth management businesses;

a failure in or breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of our third-party vendors or 
other service providers, including as a result of cyber attacks;

the effect of changes in the level of checking or savings account deposits on our funding costs and net interest margin; 
and

our ability to develop and execute effective business plans and strategies.

These and other risk factors are more fully described in First Financial's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31, 2022 under the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and from time to time, in other filings with the SEC.  
Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this 
report.  Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any forward-looking statements.  Except to 
the extent required by applicable law or regulation, First Financial undertakes no obligation to revise or update publicly any 
forward-looking statements for any reason.

48  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

First Financial’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting.  
First Financial’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed under the supervision of First Financial’s chief 
executive officer and chief financial officer to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  Any 
system of internal control, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility that a control can be 
circumvented or overridden and misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.  Also, because of changes 
in conditions, internal control effectiveness may vary over time.  Accordingly, even an effective system of internal control will 
provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial’s 
management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of First Financial’s 
internal controls over financial reporting, using as its framework for that evaluation the Internal Control – Integrated 
Framework published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission (2013 
framework).  Based on the evaluation, we believe that, as of December 31, 2022, our internal control over financial reporting is 
effective based on those criteria. 

Crowe LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements included in 
this Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on First Financial’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2022.  The report, which expresses an unqualified opinion on First Financial’s internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2022, is included in the information that follows under the heading “Report of Independent Registered Public 
Accounting Firm."

/s/ Archie M. Brown

President and Chief Executive Officer

February 24, 2023

/s/ James M. Anderson

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial 
Officer
February 24, 2023

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  49

Crowe LLP
Independent Member Crowe Global

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Shareholders and the Board of Directors of First Financial Bancorp
Cincinnati, Ohio 

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of First Financial Bancorp (the "Company") as of 
December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income (loss), changes in 
shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the related 
notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) 
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the 
Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the 
three-year period ended December 31, 2022 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
of America.  Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by 
COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over 
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the 
accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting 
based on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due 
to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. 

Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  Such procedures 
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  Our audits 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating 
the overall presentation of the financial statements.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and 
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audits also included 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles.  A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to 
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that 
was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that 
are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments.  The 
communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, 
and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or 
on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans Qualitative Factors - Refer to Notes 1and 6 to the financial statements

The allowance for credit losses (the “ACL”) is an accounting estimate of expected credit losses over the estimated life of 
financial assets carried at amortized cost and off-balance-sheet credit exposures in accordance with ASC 326.  The standard 
requires a financial asset (or a group of financial assets), including the Company's loan portfolio, measured at amortized cost, 
to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected.  Estimates of expected credit losses for loans are based on historical 
experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts over the estimated life of the loans. In order to 
estimate the expected credit losses, the Company utilizes a loss estimation model. 

Management quantitatively models expected credit loss using Probability of Default (“PD”), Loss Given Default (“LGD”), 
and Exposure at Default (“EAD”) over the Reasonable and Supportable (“R&S”) forecast, reversion and post-reversion 
periods. Utilizing third-party software, the Company forecasts PD by using transition matrices to evaluate when events are 
more or less likely to occur based on previous events.  The transition matrices are adjusted under forward-looking 
macroeconomic expectations to obtain R&S forecasts.  Management utilizes third-party software for estimating LGD.  The PD 
multiplied by LGD produces an expected loss rate that, when calculating the ACL, is applied to contractual loan cash flows, 
adjusted for expected future rates of principal prepayments.  The Company adjusts its quantitative model for certain qualitative 
factors to reflect the extent to which management expects current conditions and R&S forecasts to differ from the conditions 
that existed for the period over which historical information was evaluated.  The qualitative framework reflects changes related 
to relevant data, such as changes in asset quality trends, portfolio growth and composition, national and local economic 
factors, credit policy and administration and other factors not considered in the base model.  The ACL is measured on a 
collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  The ACL is influenced by loan volumes, risk rating migration, 
delinquency status and other conditions influencing loss expectations, such as reasonable and supportable forecasts of 
economic conditions.  

The Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans was identified by us as a critical audit matter because of the extent of auditor 
judgment applied and significant audit effort to evaluate the significant subjective and complex judgments made by 
management.  The principal considerations resulting in our determination included the following:

•
•

Significant auditor judgment and effort were used in evaluating the qualitative factors used in the calculation.
Significant audit effort related to the completeness and accuracy of the high volume of data used  in the model 
computation.

The primary procedures performed to address the critical audit matter included:

•

•

•

Testing the effectiveness of management’s internal controls over the preparation and evaluation of the ACL 
calculation, significant model assumptions, development and reasonableness of qualitative factors, completeness and 
accuracy of data used in the calculation, systems used in the development of the estimate, and the appropriateness of 
the overall calculation. 
Substantively testing management’s process for developing qualitative factors and assessing relevance and reliability 
of data used to develop factors, including evaluating management’s judgments and assumptions for reasonableness. 
Substantively testing the mathematical accuracy of the EAD model including the completeness and accuracy of loan 
data used in the model to estimate ACL.

Crowe LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2015, which is the year the engagement letter was signed for the audit of the 
2016 financial statements.

Louisville, Kentucky
February 24, 2023

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)

Assets
Cash and due from banks
Interest-bearing deposits with other banks

Investment securities available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost $3,827,418 at December 31, 2022 and 
$4,180,589 at December 31, 2021)

Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value $76,485 at December 31, 2022 and $99,898 at December 31, 
2021)
Other investments, at fair value
Loans held for sale, at fair value
Loans and leases

Commercial & industrial
Lease financing
Construction real estate
Commercial real estate
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Credit card

Total loans and leases

Less: Allowance for credit losses

Net loans and leases

Premises and equipment
Operating leases
Goodwill 
Other intangibles
Accrued interest and other assets

Total assets

Liabilities
Deposits

Interest-bearing demand
Savings
Time

Total interest-bearing deposits

Noninterest-bearing
Total deposits

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
FHLB short-term borrowings
Other short-term borrowings
      Total short-term borrowings
Long-term debt

Total borrowed funds

Accrued interest and other liabilities

Total liabilities

Shareholders' equity

Common stock - no par value

Authorized - 160,000,000 shares; Issued - 104,281,794 shares in 2022 and in 2021

Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Treasury stock, at cost, 9,390,695 shares in 2022 and 10,132,554 shares in 2021

Total shareholders' equity
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

207,501  $ 
388,182 

220,031 
214,811 

3,409,648 

4,207,846 

84,021 
143,160 
7,918 

3,410,272 
236,124 
512,050 
4,052,759 
1,092,265 
733,791 
209,895 
51,815 
10,298,971 
(132,977) 
10,165,994 
189,080 
91,738 
1,001,507 
93,919 
1,220,648 
17,003,316  $ 

3,037,153  $ 
3,828,139 
1,700,705 
8,565,997 
4,135,180 
12,701,177 
0 
1,130,000 
157,156 
1,287,156 
346,672 
1,633,828 
626,938 
14,961,943 

98,420 
102,971 
29,482 

2,720,028 
109,624 
455,894 
4,226,614 
896,069 
708,399 
119,454 
52,217 
9,288,299 
(131,992) 
9,156,307 
193,040 
60,811 
1,000,749 
104,367 
940,306 
16,329,141 

3,198,745 
4,157,374 
1,330,263 
8,686,382 
4,185,572 
12,871,954 
51,203 
225,000 
20,000 
296,203 
409,832 
706,035 
492,210 
14,070,199 

1,634,605 
968,237 
(358,663) 
(202,806) 
2,041,373 
17,003,316  $ 

1,640,358 
837,473 
(433) 
(218,456) 
2,258,942 
16,329,141 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Income

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
Interest income

Loans and leases, including fees
Investment securities

Taxable
Tax-exempt

Total interest on investment securities

Other earning assets

Total interest income

Interest expense

Deposits
Short-term borrowings
Long-term borrowings

Total interest expense
Net interest income

Provision for credit losses - loan and lease losses
Provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

Noninterest income

Service charges on deposit accounts
Trust and wealth management fees
Bankcard income
Client derivative fees
Foreign exchange income
Leasing business income
Net gain from sales of loans
Net gain (loss) on sales/transfers of investment securities
Net gain (loss) on equity securities
Other

Total noninterest income

Noninterest expenses

Salaries and employee benefits
Net occupancy
Furniture and equipment
Data processing
Marketing
Communication
Professional services
Debt extinguishment
State intangible tax
FDIC assessments
Intangible assets amortization
Leasing business expense
Other

Total noninterest expenses

Income before income taxes
Income tax expense

Net income

Earnings per common share

Basic

Diluted

Average common shares outstanding - basic

Average common shares outstanding - diluted

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Years ended December 31,
2021

2022

2020

$ 

458,742  $ 

385,535  $ 

431,657 

102,314 
18,466 
120,780 
5,484 
585,006 

28,140 
19,132 
18,591 
65,863 
519,143 
6,731 
4,982 
507,430 

28,062 
23,506 
14,380 
5,441 
54,965 
31,574 
15,048 
(569) 
(639) 
17,873 
189,641 

269,368 
22,208 
13,224 
33,662 
8,744 
2,683 
9,734 
0 
4,285 
7,194 
11,185 
20,363 
52,699 
455,349 
241,722 
24,110 
217,612  $ 

79,212 
18,323 
97,535 
147 
483,217 

14,435 
198 
16,466 
31,099 
452,118 
(19,024) 
903 
470,239 

31,876 
23,780 
14,300 
7,927 
44,793 
0 
33,021 
(759) 
702 
15,866 
171,506 

245,924 
22,142 
13,819 
31,363 
7,983 
2,930 
11,676 
0 
4,256 
5,630 
9,839 
0 
45,250 
400,812 
240,933 
35,773 
205,160  $ 

73,789 
19,242 
93,031 
275 
524,963 

41,922 
6,442 
20,088 
68,452 
456,511 
70,796 
(237) 
385,952 

29,446 
21,286 
11,726 
10,313 
39,377 
0 
51,176 
4,563 
9,045 
12,191 
189,123 

236,779 
23,266 
14,968 
27,514 
6,414 
3,492 
9,961 
7,257 
6,058 
5,110 
11,126 
0 
38,719 
390,664 
184,411 
28,601 
155,810 

2.33  $ 

2.30  $ 

2.16  $ 

2.14  $ 

1.60 

1.59 

93,528,712 

94,586,851 

95,034,690 

95,897,385 

97,363,952 

98,093,098 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Dollars in thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Unrealized gain (loss) on debt securities arising during the period

Change in retirement obligation

Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency exchange

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Years ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

217,612  $ 

205,160  $ 

155,810 

(346,963) 

(11,177) 

(90) 

(52,538) 

4,066 

(625) 

(358,230) 

(49,097) 

$ 

(140,618)  $ 

156,063  $ 

32,312 

3,029 

0 

35,341 

191,151 

First Financial Bancorp 2021 Annual Report  55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts)

Common

Common

stock

shares

stock

amount

Accumulated

other

Retained

comprehensive

Treasury stock

earnings

income (loss)

Shares

Amount

Total

Balance at January 1, 2020

 104,281,794  $  1,640,771  $ 

711,249  $ 

13,323 

(5,790,796)  $ 

(117,638)  $  2,247,705 

Impact of cumulative effect of adoption of 
new accounting principles

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Cash dividends declared:

Common stock at $0.92 per share

Purchase of common stock

Exercise of stock options, net of shares 
purchased

Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures

Share-based compensation expense
Balance at December 31, 2020

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Cash dividends declared:

Common stock at $0.92 per share

Purchase of common stock

Common stock issued in connection with 
business combinations

Exercise of stock options, net of shares 
purchased

Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures

Share-based compensation expense

(140) 

(9,362) 

7,678 
1,638,947 

 104,281,794 

(56,882) 

155,810 

(89,748) 

35,341 

(880,000) 

(16,686) 

10,405 

400,526 

212 

8,142 

720,429 

48,664 

(6,259,865) 

(125,970) 

205,160 

(88,116) 

(49,097) 

(4,633,355) 

(108,077) 

(56,882) 

155,810 

35,341 

(89,748) 

(16,686) 

72 

(1,220) 

7,678 
2,282,070 

205,160 

(49,097) 

(88,116) 

(108,077) 

1,251 

(81) 

(9,394) 

9,635 

405,805 

8,749 

10,000 

6,936 

347,925 

145 

6,697 

64 

(2,697) 

9,635 

Balance at December 31, 2021

 104,281,794 

1,640,358 

837,473 

(433) 

  (10,132,554) 

(218,456) 

2,258,942 

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Cash dividends declared:

Common stock at $0.92 per share

Exercise of stock options, net of shares 
purchased

Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures

Share-based compensation expense

217,612 

(86,848) 

(358,230) 

(160) 

(18,972) 

13,379 

15,660 

726,199 

337 

15,313 

217,612 

(358,230) 

(86,848) 

177 

(3,659) 

13,379 

Balance at December 31, 2022

 104,281,794  $  1,634,605  $ 

968,237  $ 

(358,663) 

(9,390,695)  $ 

(202,806)  $  2,041,373 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

56  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)
Operating activities

Year ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

$ 

217,612  $ 

205,160  $ 

155,810 

Provision for credit losses
Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation expense
Pension expense (income)
Net amortization (accretion) on investment securities
Net (gain) loss on sales/transfers of investments securities
Net (gain) loss on equity securities
Originations of loans held for sale
Net (gains) losses on sales of loans held for sale
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
Deferred income taxes
Amortization of operating leases
Payment of operating lease liability
Bank owned life insurance income
Decrease (increase) in interest receivable
(Decrease) increase in interest payable
Decrease (increase) in other assets
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Investing activities

Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale
Proceeds from calls, paydowns and maturities of securities available-for-sale
Purchases of securities available-for-sale
Proceeds from calls, paydowns and maturities of securities held-to-maturity
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity
Proceeds from calls, paydowns and maturities of other securities 
Purchases of other investment securities
Net decrease (increase) in interest-bearing deposits with other banks
Proceeds from sales of loans and leases held for investment
Net decrease (increase) in loans and leases
Proceeds from disposal of other real estate owned
Purchases of premises and equipment
Net change in operating leases
Life insurance death benefits
Net cash acquired (paid) from business combinations

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

Financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in total deposits
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings
Payments on long-term borrowings
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
Cash dividends paid on common stock
Purchases of common stock
Proceeds from exercise of stock options

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Cash and due from banks

Net (decrease) increase in Cash and due from banks

Cash and due from banks at beginning of year

Cash and due from banks at end of year

11,713 
31,181 
13,379 
2,002 
12,819 
569 
639 
(368,574) 
(15,048) 
375,122 
(3,505) 
7,626 
(7,824) 
(2,287) 
(19,134) 
6,652 
(226,398) 
164,302 
200,846 

277,082 
704,304 
(641,643) 
14,640 
0 
8 
(40,836) 
(173,371) 
0 
(987,088) 
192 
(13,778) 
(29,475) 
6,860 
0 
(883,105) 

(170,777) 
990,953 
(64,018) 
0 
(86,606) 
0 
177 
669,729 

(18,121) 
32,136 
9,635 
3,365 
28,987 
759 
(702) 
(794,524) 
(33,021) 
825,102 
12,087 
7,425 
(6,860) 
(1,833) 
6,463 
(1,889) 
138,225 
(24,237) 
388,157 

375,276 
1,139,498 
(2,418,290) 
34,563 
(1,000) 
42,403 
(11,474) 
(194,506) 
141,072 
503,203 
1,278 
(15,333) 
0 
2,305 
(109,024) 
(510,029) 

639,951 
129,609 
(463,382) 
0 
(87,316) 
(108,077) 
64 
110,849 

70,559 
33,337 
7,678 
2,484 
21,053 
(4,563) 
(9,045) 
(942,207) 
(51,176) 
965,960 
(8,380) 
7,897 
(8,196) 
(3,031) 
(9,697) 
(7,431) 
(288,857) 
176,168 
108,363 

122,248 
904,821 
(1,551,952) 
41,736 
(30,250) 
29,526 
(28,659) 
36,643 
0 
(714,594) 
2,076 
(16,466) 
0 
1,525 
0 
(1,203,346) 

2,021,774 
(1,149,587) 
(681,511) 
1,040,975 
(89,691) 
(16,686) 
72 
1,125,346 

(12,530) 
220,031 
207,501  $ 

(11,023) 
231,054 
220,031  $ 

30,363 
200,691 
231,054 

$ 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosures

Interest paid
Income taxes paid
Acquisition of other real estate owned through foreclosure
Issuance of restricted stock awards
Investment securities purchased not settled
Common stock issued in acquisitions

Supplemental schedule for investing activities
Business combinations

Assets acquired, net of purchase consideration
Liabilities assumed

Goodwill

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

59,512  $ 
5,696  $ 
327  $ 
22,280  $ 
0  $ 
0  $ 

32,841  $ 
17,689  $ 
98  $ 
12,231  $ 
0  $ 
10,000  $ 

75,884 
32,579 
1,017 
9,370 
23,208 
0 

64  $ 
822 
758  $ 

62,916  $ 
125,894 
62,978  $ 

0 
0 
0 

58  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation.  The Consolidated Financial Statements of First Financial Bancorp., a financial holding company, 
principally serving Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Illinois, include the accounts and operations of First Financial and its wholly 
owned subsidiary, First Financial Bank.  All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in 
consolidation.  Certain reclassifications of prior years' amounts have been made to conform to current year presentation.  Such 
reclassifications had no effect on net earnings.

Use of estimates.  The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, 
assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes.   
Actual realized amounts could differ materially from those estimates.

COVID-19.  First Financial's operations and financial results were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.  The 
spread of COVID-19 caused significant economic disruption throughout the United States as state and local governments issued 
stay at home orders and temporarily closed non-essential businesses.  The full financial impact from the pandemic is unknown 
at this time, however prolonged disruption may adversely impact several industries within the Company's geographic footprint 
and impair the ability of First Financial's customers to fulfill their contractual obligations to the Company.  This could cause 
First Financial to experience a material adverse effect on business operations, asset valuations, financial condition and results of 
operations.  Material adverse impacts may include all or a combination of valuation impairments on First Financial's intangible 
assets, investments, loans, mortgage servicing rights or counter-party risk derivatives.

Cash and due from banks.  Cash and due from banks consist of currency, coin and cash items due from banks.  Cash items 
due from banks include noninterest-bearing balances that are on deposit at other depository institutions.

Investment securities.  First Financial classifies debt securities into three categories: HTM, trading and AFS.  Management 
classifies investment securities into the appropriate category at the time of purchase and re-evaluates that classification as 
deemed appropriate.  

Investment securities are classified as HTM when First Financial has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to 
maturity.  HTM securities are recorded at amortized cost.

Investment securities classified as trading are held principally for resale in the near-term and are recorded at fair value.  Fair 
value is determined using quoted market prices.  Gains or losses on trading securities, both realized and unrealized, are reported 
in noninterest income.

Investment securities not classified as either HTM or trading are classified as AFS.  AFS securities are recorded at fair value, 
with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income 
(loss) in shareholders' equity.

The amortized cost of investment securities classified as either HTM or AFS on purchased callable debt securities is adjusted 
for amortization of premiums to the earliest call date if the call feature meets certain criteria.  Otherwise, premiums are 
amortized to maturity similar to discounts on callable debt securities, or in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the 
estimated life of the security.  Such amortization and accretion are considered an adjustment to the yield on the security and 
included in interest income from investments.  Interest and dividends are also included in interest income from investment 
securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  Realized gains and losses are based on the amortized cost of the security 
sold using the specific identification method.

Other investments.  Other investments include holdings in FRB and FHLB stock, which are both carried at cost as well as 
equity securities, including class B Visa shares which are carried at fair value.  Changes in the fair value of equity securities are 
recorded in Net gain (loss) on equity securities in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Loans held for sale.  Loans held for sale consist of residential real estate loans newly originated for the purpose of sale to third 
parties, and in certain circumstances, loans previously originated that have been specifically identified by management for sale 
based on predetermined criteria.  Loans held for sale are carried at fair value.  Any subsequent change in the carrying value of 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  59

   
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

transferred loans, not to exceed original cost, is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  First Financial sells loans 
with servicing retained or released depending on pricing and market conditions.  

Loans and leases.  Loans and leases for which First Financial has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future, or 
until maturity or payoff, are classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as loans and leases.  Loans and leases are carried at 
the principal amount outstanding, net of unamortized deferred loan origination fees and costs, and net of unearned income.  
Loan origination and commitment fees received, as well as certain direct loan origination costs paid, are deferred, and the net 
amount is amortized as an adjustment to the related loan's yield.

Interest income on loans and leases is recorded on an accrual basis.  When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, the accrual of 
interest income is discontinued and previously accrued, but unpaid interest is reversed.  Any payments received while a loan is 
classified as nonaccrual are applied as a reduction to the carrying value of the loan.  A loan may return to accrual status if 
collection of future principal and interest payments is no longer doubtful.

Allowance for credit losses - held-to-maturity securities.  Management measures expected credit losses on held-to-maturity 
debt securities on a collective basis by security type.  The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss 
information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Management classifies the held-to-
maturity portfolio into the following major security types: Mortgage-backed, CMOs, Obligations of state and other political 
subdivisions and Other.

Nearly all of the HTM securities held by the Company are issued by U.S. government entities and agencies.  These securities 
are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long 
history of no credit losses.  The remainder of the Company's HTM securities are non-agency collateralized mortgage 
obligations and obligations of state and other political subdivisions which currently carry ratings no lower than A+.  Accrued 
interest receivable on held-to maturity debt securities, which totaled $0.4 million and $0.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 
2021, respectively, is excluded by policy election from the estimate of credit losses.

Allowance for credit losses - available-for-sale securities.  For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the 
Company first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before 
recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s 
amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income.  For debt securities available-for-sale that do not meet the 
aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors.  
In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the 
rating of the security by a rating agency and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors.  If this 
assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are 
compared to the amortized cost basis of the security.  

If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an 
allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis.  Any 
impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit loss is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).  
Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as provision for credit loss expense.  Losses are charged against the 
allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of an AFS security is confirmed or when either of the criteria 
regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.  Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities, which totaled $15.9 million 
and $14.9 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2020, respectively, is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

Allowance for credit losses - loans and leases.  The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the 
loans’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans.  Management's determination of the 
adequacy of the ACL is based on an assessment of the expected credit losses on loan and leases over their expected life.  The 
ACL is increased by provision expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.  
Loans are charged off when management believes that the collection of the principal amount owed in full, either through 
payments from the borrower or a guarantor or from the liquidation of collateral is unlikely.  Expected recoveries do not exceed 
the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off.  Any interest that is accrued but not collected 
is reversed against interest income when a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, which typically occurs prior to charging off all, 
or a portion, of a loan.  The Company made the policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on loans and leases from 
the estimate of credit losses.   

Management estimates the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to 
past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Historical credit loss experience paired with economic 

60  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

forecasts provide the basis for the quantitatively modeled estimation of expected credit losses.  First Financial adjusts its 
quantitative model, as necessary, to reflect conditions not already considered therein.  These adjustments are commonly known 
as the Qualitative Framework. 

First Financial quantitatively models expected credit loss using PD, LGD and EAD over the R&S forecast period, reversion and 
post-reversion periods.

Utilizing third-party software, First Financial forecasts PD by using a parameterized transition matrix approach.  Average 
transition matrices are calculated over the TTC period, which was defined as the period from December 2007 to December 
2016.  TTC transition matrices are adjusted under forward-looking macroeconomic expectations to obtain R&S forecasts.  

First Financial is not required to develop forecasts over the full contractual term of the financial asset or group of financial 
assets.  Rather, for periods beyond which the entity is able to make or obtain R&S forecasts of expected credit losses, the 
Company reverts in a straight line manner over a one year period to an average TTC loss level that is reflective of the 
prepayment adjusted contractual term of the financial asset or group of financial assets.  First Financial elected a two year R&S 
period which is forecasted using econometric data sourced from Moody's, an industry-leading independent third party.

FFB utilizes a non-parametric loss curve approach embedded within a third-party software for estimating LGD.  The PD 
multiplied by LGD produces an expected loss rate that, when calculating the ACL, is applied to contractual loan cash flows, 
adjusted for expected future rates of principal prepayments.  

The Company adjusts its quantitative model for certain qualitative factors to reflect the extent to which management expects 
current conditions and R&S forecasts to differ from the conditions that existed for the period over which historical information 
was evaluated.  The Qualitative Framework reflects changes related to relevant data, such as changes in asset quality trends, 
portfolio growth and composition, national and local economic factors, credit policy and administration and other factors not 
considered in the base quantitative model.  

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis.  First Financial will typically evaluate on an 
individual basis any loans that are on nonaccrual, designated as a TDR, or reasonably expected to be designated as a TDR that 
are greater than $250,000.  When management determines that foreclosure is probable or when repayment is expected to be 
provided substantially through the operation or sale of underlying collateral, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of 
the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs, as applicable.  For loans evaluated on an individual basis that are 
not determined to be collateral dependent, a discounted cash flow analysis is performed to determine expected credit losses.

Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments when 
appropriate.  The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals and modifications unless either of the following 
applies: management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a troubled debt restructuring will be executed with 
an individual borrower or the extension or renewal options are included in the original or modified contract at the reporting date 
and are not unconditionally cancellable by the Company.  

Credit card receivables do not have stated maturities.  In determining the estimated life of a credit card receivable, management 
first estimates the future cash flows expected to be received and then applies those expected future cash flows to the credit card 
balance.

Significant downturns in circumstances relating to loan quality and economic conditions could result in a requirement for 
additional allowance.  Likewise, an upturn in loan quality and improved economic conditions may allow a reduction in the 
required allowance.  In either instance, unanticipated changes could have a significant impact on results of operations.

Allowance for credit losses - unfunded commitments.  First Financial estimates expected credit losses over the contractual 
period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is 
unconditionally cancellable by the Company.  The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and 
an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life consistent with the 
Company's ACL methodology for loans and leases.  Adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are recorded in 
Provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  The reserve for unfunded 
commitments is included in Accrued interest and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Premises and equipment.  Premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. 
Depreciation and amortization are principally computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  
Useful lives generally range from 10 to 40 years for building and building improvements; 3 to 10 years for furniture, fixtures 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  61

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

and equipment; and 3 to 5 years for software, hardware and data handling equipment.  Land improvements are depreciated over 
20 years and leasehold improvements are depreciated over the lesser of the term of the respective lease or the useful life of the 
asset.  Premises and equipment are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 
carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.  Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

Operating Leases.  First Financial provides financing for various types of equipment through a variety of leasing 
arrangements.  Operating leases are carried at the aggregate of lease payments plus estimated residual value of the leased 
equipment, less unearned income.  The Company recognizes income over the term of the lease using the constant effective yield 
method.  Lease residual values are reviewed for impairment at least annually.   Depreciation expense related to operating lease 
equipment is recorded in Leasing business expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

Bank-owned life insurance.  First Financial purchases and is the owner and beneficiary of life insurance policies on the lives 
of certain employees .  The Bank invests in these policies to provide an efficient form of funding for long-term retirement and 
other employee benefits costs.  The policies are included within Accrued interest and other assets in the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets at each policy’s respective cash surrender value.  Changes in the cash surrender value of these policies are recorded in 
Other noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Goodwill.  Under accounting for business combinations, the net assets of entities acquired by First Financial are recorded at 
their estimated fair value at the date of acquisition.  The excess cost of the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired 
is recorded as goodwill.  Goodwill and other intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized, but are subject 
to annual impairment tests.  The Company is required to evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or whenever 
events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.  First Financial performs its annual 
impairment test effective October 1, absent events or changes in circumstances that indicate the carrying value of goodwill may 
not be recoverable. 

The Company’s goodwill is accounted for in a single reporting unit representing the consolidated entity.  When required, 
management's quantitative impairment analysis utilizes a discounted cash flow model for the income approach and the market 
multiple methodology and comparable transaction methodology as the market approach.  These valuation methodologies utilize 
key assumptions that include forecasts of revenues and expenses derived from internal management projections for a period of 
five years, changes in working capital estimates, company specific discount rate derived from a rate build up approach, 
externally sourced bank peer group market multiples and externally sourced bank peer group change in control premium, all of 
which are highly subjective and require significant management judgment.  Changes in these key assumptions, as well as 
downturns in economic or business conditions, could materially affect our estimate of the reporting unit fair value and could 
affect our conclusion regarding the existence of potential impairment.  In 2022, management evaluated goodwill for impairment 
using a qualitative analysis. 

Other intangible assets.  Other intangible assets consist primarily of core deposit, customer list, MSR and other miscellaneous  
intangibles.  

CDI represent the estimated value of acquired customer deposit relationships.  CDI are recorded at fair value at the date of 
acquisition and are based on a discounted cash flow methodology that gives appropriate consideration to expected customer 
attrition rates, cost of the deposit base, reserve requirements and the net maintenance cost attributable to customer deposits.  
Core deposit intangibles are amortized on an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives.

First Financial recorded a customer list intangible asset in conjunction with the Bannockburn and Summit mergers to account 
for the obligation or advantage on the part of either the Company or the customer to continue pre-existing relationships 
subsequent to the mergers.  Customer list intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful 
lives. 

Other intangible assets also include purchase commissions, non-compete agreements and trade name intangibles.

Mortgage servicing rights are servicing fees First Financial receives from selling fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage 
loans where it obtains servicing responsibilities.  In those sales, the First Financial obtained servicing responsibilities and 
provided certain standard representations and warranties; however, the investors have no recourse to the Company’s other 
assets for failure of debtors to pay when due.  First Financial receives servicing fees based on a percentage of the outstanding 
balance.  Mortgage servicing rights are measured at fair value with changes in fair value reported in Other noninterest income in 
the Consolidated Statements of Income.  The market value of the mortgage servicing rights is estimated by calculating the 
present value of estimated future net servicing cash flows, taking into consideration actual and expected mortgage loan 

62  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
prepayment rates, discount rates, servicing costs, and other economic factors, which are determined based on current market 
conditions.  The expected and actual rates of mortgage loan prepayments are the most significant factors driving the value of 
mortgage servicing rights.  Increases in mortgage loan prepayments reduce estimated future net servicing cash flows because 
the life of the underlying loan is reduced.  In determining the market value of the mortgage servicing rights, mortgage interest 
rates, which are used to determine prepayment rates and discount rates, are held constant over the estimated life of the portfolio.  
Capitalized mortgage servicing rights are reported in other assets and are amortized against noninterest income offsetting the 
actual servicing income of the underlying mortgage loans.

Mortgage servicing rights are regularly evaluated for impairment based on the estimated fair value of those rights.  The 
mortgage servicing rights are stratified by certain risk characteristics, primarily loan term and note rate. If impairment exists, a 
valuation allowance is established through a charge to income equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair 
value.    

Other real estate owned.  OREO consists of properties acquired by the Company primarily through the loan foreclosure or 
repossession process, or other resolution activity that results in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans.  OREO properties 
are recorded at fair value, less estimated disposal costs (net realizable value) establishing a new cost basis.  Physical possession 
of residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan occurs when legal title is obtained upon completion 
of foreclosure or when the borrower conveys all interest in the property to satisfy the loan through completion of a deed in lieu 
of foreclosure or through a similar legal agreement.  Losses arising at the time of acquisition of such properties are charged 
against the ACL.  Management performs periodic valuations to assess the adequacy of recorded OREO balances and 
subsequent changes in the carrying value of OREO properties are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income.  
Improvements to OREO properties may be capitalized if the improvements contribute to the overall value of the property, but 
may not be capitalized in excess of the net realizable value of the property.  When management disposes of an OREO property, 
any gains or losses realized at the time of disposal are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Affordable housing projects.  First Financial has investments in certain qualified affordable housing projects.  These projects 
are indirect federal subsidies that provide tax incentives to encourage investment in the development, acquisition and 
rehabilitation of affordable rental housing, and allow investors to claim tax credits and other tax benefits (such as deductions 
from taxable income for operating losses) on their federal income tax returns.  The principal risk associated with qualified 
affordable housing investments is the potential for noncompliance with the tax code requirements, such as failure to rent 
properties to qualified tenants, resulting in unavailability or recapture of the tax credits and other tax benefits.  Investments in 
affordable housing projects are included in Accrued interest and other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets while any 
unfunded commitment is recorded with Accrued interest and other liabilities.  These investments are accounted for under the 
proportional amortization method.  Under the proportional amortization method, the initial cost of the investment is amortized 
in proportion to the tax credits and other benefits received and recognized as a component of Income tax expense in the 
Consolidated Statements of Income.

Investments in historic tax credits.  First Financial has noncontrolling financial investments in private investment funds and 
partnerships that finance the rehabilitation and re-use of historic buildings.  These unconsolidated investments may generate a 
return through the realization of federal and state income tax credits, as well as other tax benefits, such as tax deductions from 
net operating losses of the investments over a period of time.  Investments in historic tax credits are accounted for under the 
equity method of accounting and the Company’s recorded investment in these entities is carried in Accrued interest and other 
assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with any unfunded commitment recorded in Accrued interest and other liabilities.  
Impairment of these investments is recorded in Other noninterest expense, while the tax credits and other net tax benefits 
received are recognized as a component of income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

Investments in renewable energy credits.  First Financial has investments in renewable energy projects where it has 
noncontrolling interest which is not consolidated.  This investment may generate a return through the realization of federal and 
state income tax credits, as well as other tax benefits, such as tax deductions from net operating losses of the investments over a 
period of time.  Investments in renewable energy tax credits are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and are 
included in Accrued interest and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with any unfunded commitment recorded in 
Accrued interest and other liabilities.  Impairment of these investments is recorded in Other noninterest expense, while the tax 
credits and other net tax benefits received are recognized as a component of income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements 
of Income. 

Income taxes.  First Financial and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return.  Each subsidiary provides for 
income taxes on a separate return basis, and remits to First Financial amounts determined to be currently payable.  

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  63

 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

First Financial evaluates and assesses the relative risks and appropriate tax treatment of transactions after considering statutes, 
regulations, judicial precedent and other information, and maintains tax accruals consistent with its evaluation of these relative 
risks.  Changes to the estimate of accrued taxes occur periodically due to changes in tax rates, interpretations of tax laws, the 
status of examinations being conducted by taxing authorities and changes to statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance that 
impact the relative risks of tax positions.  These changes, when they occur, can affect deferred taxes and accrued taxes as well 
as the current period’s income tax expense and can be material to the Company's operating results.  

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in 
which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a 
change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  Interest and penalties on income tax 
assessments or income tax refunds are recorded in Other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

In establishing a provision for income tax expense, we must make judgments and interpretations about the application of 
complex tax laws as well as make estimates about when in the future certain items will affect taxable income.  First Financial 
regularly reviews its tax positions and establishes reserves for income tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether it 
is more likely than not that the tax uncertainty would be sustained upon challenge by the appropriate tax authorities which 
would then result in additional taxes, penalties and interest due.  Reserves for uncertain tax positions, if any, are included in 
income tax expense in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Pension.  First Financial sponsors a non-contributory defined-benefit pension plan covering substantially all employees. 
Accounting for the pension plan involves material estimates regarding future plan obligations and investment returns on plan 
assets.  Significant assumptions used in the pension plan include the discount rate, expected return on plan assets and the rate of 
compensation increase.  First Financial determines the discount rate assumption using published corporate bond indices and the 
projected cash flows of the pension plan.  First Financial also utilizes external surveys for industry comparisons to assess the 
discount rate for reasonableness.  The expected long-term return on plan assets is determined based on the composition of plan 
assets, actual returns and economic forecasts, while the rate of compensation increase is compared to historical increases for 
plan participants.  Changes in these assumptions can have a material impact on the amount of First Financial’s future pension 
obligations, on the funded status of the plan and on the Company's operating results

Derivative instruments.  First Financial accounts for its derivative financial instruments in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 
815, Derivatives and Hedging.  FASB ASC Topic 815 requires all derivative instruments to be carried at fair value on the 
balance sheet.  

The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives is based on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting 
designation.  Derivatives used to hedge the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability or firm commitment 
attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges.  Derivatives used to hedge the 
exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges.

Client derivatives - First Financial utilizes matched interest rate swaps as a means to offer commercial borrowers fixed rate 
funding while providing the Company with floating rate assets.  Upon entering into an interest rate swap with a borrower, the 
Bank simultaneously enters into an offsetting swap agreement with an institutional counterparty, with substantially matching 
terms.  These matched interest rate swap agreements generally involve the receipt by First Financial of floating rate amounts 
from the counterparties in exchange for payments to these counterparties by First Financial of fixed rate amounts received from 
commercial borrowers over the life of the agreements.

First Financial's matched interest rate swaps qualify as derivatives, but are not designated as hedging instruments.  The net 
interest receivable or payable on matched interest rate swaps is accrued and recognized as an adjustment to interest 
income.  The fair values of client derivatives are included within Accrued interest and other assets and Accrued interest and 
other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Foreign exchange contracts - First Financial may enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts for the benefit of commercial 
customers to hedge their exposure to foreign currency fluctuations.  Similar to the hedging of interest rate risk from interest rate 
derivative contracts, First Financial also enters into foreign exchange contracts with major financial institutions to economically 
hedge a substantial portion of the exposure from client driven foreign exchange activity.  These derivatives are classified as 
free-standing instruments with the revaluation gain or loss recorded in Foreign exchange income in the Consolidated Statements 
of Income. 

64  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
Credit derivatives - In conjunction with participating interests in commercial loans, First Financial periodically enters into risk 
participation agreements with counterparties whereby First Financial assumes a portion of the credit exposure associated with 
an interest rate swap on the participated loan in exchange for a fee.  Under these agreements, First Financial will make 
payments to the counterparty if the loan customer defaults on its obligation to perform under the interest rate swap contract with 
the counterparty.  The fair value of these agreements is recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Accrued interest and 
other liabilities.

Mortgage derivatives - First Financial enters into IRLCs and forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans to 
third party investors, which are considered derivatives.  When borrowers secure an IRLC with First Financial and the loan is 
intended to be sold, First Financial will enter into forward commitments for the future delivery of the loans to third party 
investors in order to hedge against the effect of changes in interest rates impacting IRLCs and Loans held for sale.  The fair 
value of these agreements is recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Accrued interest and other assets.

Stock-based compensation.  First Financial grants stock-based awards, including restricted stock awards and options to 
purchase the Company’s common stock.  Restricted stock award grants are for a fixed number of shares to employees and 
directors with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the shares at the date of grant.  Stock-based compensation expense is 
recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.  As compensation expense 
is recognized, a deferred tax asset is recorded that represents an estimate of the future tax deduction from exercise.  At the time 
stock-based awards are exercised, canceled or expire, First Financial may be required to recognize an adjustment to tax 
expense.

Earnings per share.  Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders 
by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.  Diluted earnings per common share 
is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares 
outstanding, unvested shares and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period.  Common stock equivalents, 
which consist of common stock issuable under the assumed exercise of stock options granted under First Financial's stock-
based compensation plans and the assumed conversion of common stock warrants, are calculated using the treasury stock 
method.

Segments and related information.  While the Company monitors the operating results of its six lines of business, operations 
are managed and financial performance is evaluated on a consolidated basis.  Accordingly, and consistent with prior years, all 
of the Company's operations are considered by management to be aggregated in one reportable operating segment.

2. Accounting Standards Recently Adopted or Issued 

Standards Adopted in 2022

During the first quarter of 2022, the SEC issued SAB No. 121.  This bulletin adds interpretive guidance on the accounting and 
disclosure of obligations to safeguard crypto assets held for platform users.  This guidance was applicable no later than the 
financial statements covering the first interim or annual period ending after June 15, 2022.  Management has reviewed its 
business activities and determined SAB 121 is not impactful to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements as of 
September 30, 2022 as the Company does not currently safeguard crypto assets.

Standards Adopted in 2021

During the first quarter of 2021, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12 - Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting
for Income Taxes.  This standard simplified the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general
principles in Topic 740 and added new requirements with the intention of simplifying and clarifying existing guidance.  This
update did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In March, 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02 - Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt
Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.  This standard eliminates the accounting guidance on TDRs for creditors in ASC
310-40 and amends the guidance on “vintage disclosures” to require disclosure of current period gross write-offs by year of
origination.  The ASU also updates the requirements related to accounting for credit losses under ASC 326 and adds enhanced
disclosures for creditors with respect to loan refinancings and restructurings for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  65

 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods
within those fiscal years. Entities are permitted to early adopt these amendments, including adoption in any interim period,
provided that the amendments are adopted as of the beginning of the annual reporting period that includes the interim period of
adoption.  The adoption of this standard is expected to result in amended disclosures in the Company's Consolidated Financial
Statements; however, it is not expected to materially impact the Company's results of operations.

3. Restrictions on Cash and Dividends

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, First Financial had $25.0 million and $34.0 million, respectively, in cash restricted for 
withdrawal and usage due to the centrally cleared derivative initial margin requirement.  Additionally, First Financial had no 
required reserves with the FRB as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.  

Dividends paid by First Financial to its shareholders are principally funded through dividends paid to the Company by its 
subsidiaries; however, certain restrictions exist regarding the ability of the Bank to transfer funds to First Financial in the form 
of cash dividends, loans or advances.  The approval of the Federal Reserve Board and the ODFI is required for the Bank to pay 
dividends in excess of the regulatory limit, which is equal to the net income of the current year through the dividend date 
combined with the Bank's retained net income from the two preceding years.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial's 
subsidiaries had retained earnings of $801.2 million, of which $219.3 million was available for distribution to First Financial 
without prior regulatory approval.

4. Investment Securities

During the year ended December 31, 2022, proceeds on the sale of $277.1 million of AFS securities resulted in gains of $1.0 
million and losses of $1.6 million.  During the year ended December 31, 2021, proceeds on the sale of $375.3 million of AFS 
securities resulted in gains of $6.8 million and losses of $7.6 million.  During the year ended December 31, 2020, proceeds on 
the sale of $117.8 million of AFS securities resulted in gains of $0.9 million and losses of $0.8 million.  The impact to income 
tax expense from these sales was insignificant in all three years.  

In 2022 and 2021, there were no reclassifications of HTM securities to AFS securities.  

The carrying value of investment securities pledged as collateral to secure public deposits, repurchase agreements and for other 
purposes as required by law totaled $1.5 billion at both December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.

The following is a summary of HTM and AFS investment securities as of December 31, 2022:

(Dollars in thousands)

Amortized
cost

Unrecognized
gain

Unrecognized
loss

Fair
value

Amortized
cost

Unrealized
gain

Unrealized
loss

Fair
value

Held-to-maturity

Available-for-sale

U.S. Treasuries

$ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

37,312  $ 

0  $ 

(4,616)  $ 

32,696 

Securities of U.S. government 
agencies and corporations

Mortgage-backed securities - 
residential

Mortgage-backed securities - 
commercial

Collateralized mortgage 
obligations

Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Asset-backed securities

Other securities

Total

0 

0 

35,363 

9,280 

8,128 

0 

31,250 

0 

0 

0 

0 

105 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

80,382 

747,478 

(4,114) 

31,249 

676,934 

0 

47 

2 

(13,914) 

66,468 

(97,462) 

650,063 

(47,374) 

629,562 

(827) 

8,453 

538,970 

181 

(61,439) 

477,712 

(201) 

0 

8,032 

0 

(2,499) 

28,751 

832,066 

772,261 

142,015 

565 

(124,168) 

39 

0 

(60,975) 

(8,656) 

708,463 

711,325 

133,359 

$ 

84,021  $ 

105  $ 

(7,641)  $ 

76,485  $  3,827,418  $ 

834  $  (418,604)  $  3,409,648 

66  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following is a summary of HTM and AFS investment securities as of December 31, 2021:

(Dollars in thousands)

Amortized
cost

Unrecognized
gain

Unrecognized
loss

Fair
value

Amortized
cost

Unrealized
gain

Unrealized
loss

Fair
value

Held-to-maturity

Available-for-sale

U.S. Treasuries

$ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

34,961  $ 

4  $ 

(189)  $ 

34,776 

Securities of U.S. government 
agencies and corporations

Mortgage-backed securities - 
residential

Mortgage-backed securities - 
commercial

Collateralized mortgage 
obligations

Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Asset-backed securities

Other securities

Total

0 

0 

46,362 

11,882 

8,926 

0 

31,250 

0 

0 

651 

221 

915 

0 

176 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

78,998 

248 

(129) 

79,117 

728,050 

6,635 

(10,548) 

724,137 

47,013 

729,948 

4,294 

(2,352) 

731,890 

12,103 

696,258 

7,979 

(6,497) 

697,740 

9,841 

  1,058,735 

0 

720,638 

133,001 

35,591 

1,521 

2,114 

(8,594) 

  1,085,732 

(2,578) 

(242) 

719,581 

134,873 

(485) 

30,941 

$ 

98,420  $ 

1,963  $ 

(485)  $ 

99,898  $  4,180,589  $ 

58,386  $ 

(31,129)  $  4,207,846 

The following table provides a summary of investment securities by contractual maturity as of December 31, 2022, except for 
residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities, which 
are shown as single totals, due to the unpredictability of the timing in principal repayments:

(Dollars in thousands)
Due in one year or less
Due after one year through five years
Due after five years through ten years
Due after ten years
Mortgage-backed securities - residential 
Mortgage-backed securities - commercial 
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Asset-backed securities

Total

Held-to-maturity

Available-for-sale

Amortized
cost

Fair
value

Amortized
cost

$ 

$ 

0  $ 

2,584 
34,920 
1,874 
0 
35,363 
9,280 
0 
84,021  $ 

0  $ 

2,662 
32,410 
1,711 
0 
31,249 
8,453 
0 
76,485  $ 

8,230  $ 
93,629 
292,581 
697,335 
747,478 
676,934 
538,970 
772,261 
3,827,418  $ 

Fair
value

8,125 
89,551 
255,143 
588,167 
650,063 
629,562 
477,712 
711,325 
3,409,648 

Unrealized gains and losses on debt securities are generally due to fluctuations in current market yields relative to the yields of 
the securities at their amortized cost.  All AFS securities with unrealized losses are reviewed quarterly to determine if any 
impairment exists, requiring a write-down to fair value.  For AFS securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first 
assesses whether it intends to sell or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its 
amortized cost basis.  If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is 
written down to fair value through income.  For debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position that do not meet 
the aforementioned criteria, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other 
factors.  In making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any 
changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other 
factors.  If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the 
security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security.  If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is 
less than the amortized cost basis for the security, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded, limited to 
the amount that the fair value of the security is less than its amortized cost basis.

First Financial does not intend to sell, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, debt securities 
temporarily impaired prior to maturity or recovery of the recorded value.  Additionally, based on the Company's credit 
assessment of AFS securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company recorded no reserves on investment securities for the 
twelve months ended December 31, 2022 or 2021.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  67

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2022, the Company's investment securities portfolio consisted of 1,251 securities, of which 891 were in an 
unrealized loss position.  As of December 31, 2021, the Company's investment securities portfolio consisted of 1,418 securities, 
of which 327 were in an unrealized loss position.

Certain HTM debt securities owned by First Financial are issued by U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.  These securities 
carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government, are widely recognized as “risk free,” and have a long 
history of zero credit loss.  The remainder of the Company's HTM securities are debt obligations of public and private 
corporations with no credit issues, as well as non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions which currently carry ratings no lower than A+.  There were no HTM securities on nonaccrual status or 
past due as of December 31, 2022, or 2021.  The Company did not record an allowance for credit losses for these securities as 
of December 31, 2022 or 2021.

The following tables provide the fair value and gross unrealized losses on investment securities in an unrealized loss position 
for which an allowance for credit losses was not recorded, aggregated by investment category and the length of time the 
individual securities have been in a continuous loss position:

(Dollars in thousands)
U.S. Treasuries
Securities of U.S. government 
agencies and corporations
Mortgage-backed securities - 
residential
Mortgage-backed securities - 
commercial

Collateralized mortgage obligations
Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Asset-backed securities

Other securities

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

U.S. Treasuries
Securities of U.S. Government 
agencies and corporations
Mortgage-backed securities - 
residential
Mortgage-backed securities - 
commercial

Collateralized mortgage obligations
Obligations of state and other 
political subdivisions

Asset-backed securities

Other securities

Total

Less than 12 months
Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

December 31, 2022

12 months or more
Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

Total

Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

$ 

2,383  $ 

(46)  $ 

30,313  $ 

(4,570)  $ 

32,696  $ 

(4,616) 

0 

0 

66,468 

(13,914)   

66,468 

(13,914) 

195,972 

(10,413)   

443,415 

(87,049)   

639,387 

(97,462) 

457,863 

205,456 

301,073 

250,946 

125,344 

(21,020)   

189,123 

(30,468)   

646,986 

(13,059)   

271,377 

(49,207)   

476,833 

(51,488) 

(62,266) 

(31,397)   

368,673 

(92,972)   

669,746 

(124,369) 

(9,410)   

422,090 

(51,565)   

673,036 

(7,283)   

31,629 

(3,872)   

156,973 

(60,975) 

(11,155) 

$ 1,539,037  $ 

(92,628)  $ 1,823,088  $  (333,617)  $ 3,362,125  $  (426,245) 

Less than 12 months
Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

December 31, 2021
12 months or more
Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

Total

Fair
value

Unrealized
loss

$ 

24,755  $ 

(190)  $ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

24,755  $ 

(190) 

17,382 

(128)   

0 

0 

17,382 

(128) 

459,098 

(8,375)   

78,090 

(2,173)   

537,188 

(10,548) 

205,520 

369,318 

380,735 

482,118 

31,896 

(2,149)   

(6,110)   

13,818 

12,485 

(203)   

219,338 

(387)   

381,803 

(7,543)   

55,568 

(1,051)   

436,303 

(2,578)   

0 

0 

482,118 

(354)   

11,877 

(373)   

43,773 

(2,352) 

(6,497) 

(8,594) 

(2,578) 

(727) 

$ 1,970,822  $ 

(27,427)  $  171,838  $ 

(4,187)  $ 2,142,660  $ 

(31,614) 

For further detail on the fair value of investment securities, see Note 23 – Fair Value Disclosures.

68  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Loans and Leases

First Financial offers clients a variety of commercial and consumer loan and lease products with various interest rates and 
payment terms.  Commercial loan categories include C&I, CRE, construction real estate and lease financing.  Consumer loan 
categories include residential real estate, home equity, installment and credit card. 

Lending activities are primarily concentrated in states where the Bank operates banking centers (Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and 
Illinois).  First Financial also offers two nationwide lending platforms, one that provides equipment and leasehold improvement 
financing for franchisees in the quick service and casual dining restaurant sector and another that provides loans that are secured 
by commissions and cash collateral accounts to insurance agents and brokers.

In accordance with the CARES Act and the 2021 Consolidated Appropriations Act, First Financial participated in offering PPP 
loans to its customers.  These loans provide a direct incentive for small businesses to keep their workers on the payroll and to 
maintain their operations during the COVID-19 pandemic.  PPP loans are eligible to be forgiven provided certain conditions are 
met.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial had $3.0 million in PPP loans, net of unearned fees of $0.1 million.  As of 
December 31, 2021, First Financial had $55.6 million in PPP loans, net of unearned income of $2.6 million.

Credit quality.  To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality for commercial loans, First Financial utilizes the following 
categories of credit grades:

Pass - Higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below.

Special Mention - First Financial assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases with potential weaknesses that deserve 
management's close attention.  If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment 
prospects for the loan or lease or in First Financial's credit position at some future date.  

Substandard - First Financial assigns a substandard rating to loans or leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound 
financial worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged, if any.  Substandard loans and leases have well-
defined weaknesses that jeopardize repayment of the debt.  Substandard loans and leases are characterized by the distinct 
possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not addressed.  

Doubtful - First Financial assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases with all of the attributes of a substandard rating with the 
added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis 
of currently existing facts, conditions and values.  The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and 
reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the credit quality of the loan or lease, 
its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.  Pending factors include 
proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and 
refinancing plans.

The credit grades previously described are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions and are assigned upon initial 
approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. 

First Financial considers repayment performance to be the best indicator of credit quality for consumer loans.  Consumer loans 
that have principal and interest payments that are past due by 90 days or more are generally classified as nonperforming.  
Additionally, consumer loans that have been modified in a TDR are classified as nonperforming.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  69

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table sets forth the Company's loan portfolio at December 31, 2022 by risk attribute and origination date:

(Dollars in thousands)

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

Prior

Term Total

Revolving

Total

Commercial & industrial

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Lease financing

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Construction real estate

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$  879,836  $  561,890  $  348,123  $  209,758  $  112,282  $  206,656  $ 2,318,545  $  971,080  $  3,289,625 

2,740 

2,335 

0 

13,821 

5,176 

0 

4,125 

11,886 

0 

14,047 

8,016 

0 

8,523 

3,331 

0 

5,544 

13,812 

0 

48,800 

44,556 

0 

18,055 

9,236 

0 

66,855 

53,792 

0 

$  884,911  $  580,887  $  364,134  $  231,821  $  124,136  $  226,012  $ 2,411,901  $  998,371  $  3,410,272 

$  167,035  $  25,638  $  13,705  $  12,797  $ 

9,402  $ 

2,930  $  231,507  $ 

0  $ 

231,507 

0

4,363

0

0

0

0

70

0

0

0

164

0

0

11

0

0

9

0

70

4,547

0

0

0

0

70

4,547

0

$  171,398  $  25,638  $  13,775  $  12,961  $ 

9,413  $ 

2,939  $  236,124  $ 

0  $ 

236,124 

$  89,116  $  276,639  $  96,823  $ 

4,902  $ 

390  $ 

353  $  468,223  $ 

23,266  $ 

491,489 

0 

0 

0 

14,395 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

6,166 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

20,561 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

20,561 

0 

0 

$  89,116  $  291,034  $  96,823  $ 

4,902  $ 

6,556  $ 

353  $  488,784  $ 

23,266  $ 

512,050 

Commercial real estate - investor

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$  643,174  $  470,085  $  301,510  $  719,699  $  300,772  $  508,639  $ 2,943,879  $ 

26,153  $  2,970,032 

0 

0 

0 

13,090 

6,950 

0 

23,111 

6 

0 

9,297 

4,025 

0 

26,079 

17,178 

0 

13,804 

9,631 

0 

85,381 

37,790 

0 

861 

0 

0 

86,242 

37,790 

0 

$  643,174  $  490,125  $  324,627  $  733,021  $  344,029  $  532,074  $ 3,067,050  $ 

27,014  $  3,094,064 

Commercial real estate - owner

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Residential real estate

Performing

Nonperforming

Total

Home equity

Performing

$  165,411  $  155,041  $  170,587  $  101,137  $  112,063  $  211,377  $  915,616  $ 

11,125  $ 

926,741 

0 

0 

0 

0 

525 

0 

0 

844 

0 

1,479 

5,114 

0 

0 

3,501 

0 

14,040 

6,451 

0 

15,519 

16,435 

0 

0 

0 

0 

15,519 

16,435 

0 

$  165,411  $  155,566  $  171,431  $  107,730  $  115,564  $  231,868  $  947,570  $ 

11,125  $ 

958,695 

$  320,676  $  274,816  $  205,948  $  110,745  $  51,583  $  114,642  $ 1,078,410  $ 

0  $  1,078,410 

414 

1,615 

1,286 

2,554 

1,755 

6,231 

13,855 

0 

13,855 

$  321,090  $  276,431  $  207,234  $  113,299  $  53,338  $  120,873  $ 1,092,265  $ 

0  $  1,092,265 

$  26,411  $  33,414  $  38,226  $  11,733  $ 

8,051  $  24,985  $  142,820  $  585,712  $ 

728,532 

Nonperforming

5 

136 

298 

78 

104 

430 

1,051 

4,208 

5,259 

Total

Installment

Performing

$  26,416  $  33,550  $  38,524  $  11,811  $ 

8,155  $  25,415  $  143,871  $  589,920  $ 

733,791 

$  100,256  $  38,694  $ 

7,244  $ 

3,915  $ 

2,861  $ 

3,242  $  156,212  $ 

51,854  $ 

208,066 

Nonperforming

650 

794 

18 

6 

20 

42 

1,530 

299 

1,829 

Total

Credit cards

Performing

Nonperforming

Total

$  100,906  $  39,488  $ 

7,262  $ 

3,921  $ 

2,881  $ 

3,284  $  157,742  $ 

52,153  $ 

209,895 

$ 

$ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

51,287  $ 

51,287 

0 

528 

528 

0  $ 

51,815  $ 

51,815 

Grand Total

$ 2,402,422  $ 1,892,719  $ 1,223,810  $ 1,219,466  $  664,072  $ 1,142,818  $ 8,545,307  $ 1,753,664  $ 10,298,971 

70  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table sets forth the Company's loan portfolio at December 31, 2021 by risk attribute and origination date:

(Dollars in thousands)

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

Prior

Term Total Revolving

Total

Commercial & industrial

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Lease financing

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Construction real estate

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$  711,198  $  442,064  $  339,507  $  164,273  $  119,580  $  154,835  $ 1,931,457  $  700,246  $ 2,631,703 

389 

2,220 

0 

4,867 

434 

0 

5,993 

2,843 

0 

16,057 

1,224 

0 

6,511 

12,640 

0 

4,918 

1,465 

0 

38,735 

20,826 

0 

21,505 

7,259 

0 

60,240 

28,085 

0 

$  713,807  $  447,365  $  348,343  $  181,554  $  138,731  $  161,218  $ 1,991,018  $  729,010  $ 2,720,028 

$  31,697  $  21,536  $  19,095  $  15,494  $ 

6,821  $ 

4,765  $  99,408  $ 

0  $  99,408 

0

0

0

10,216

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

10,216

0

0

0

0

0

10,216 

0 

0 

$  31,697  $  31,752  $  19,095  $  15,494  $ 

6,821  $ 

4,765  $  109,624  $ 

0  $  109,624 

$  95,991  $  200,421  $  96,726  $  15,886  $ 

317  $  12,719  $  422,060  $  18,299  $  440,359 

0 

0 

0 

6,531 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

9,004 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

15,535 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

15,535 

0 

0 

$  95,991  $  206,952  $  96,726  $  24,890  $ 

317  $  12,719  $  437,595  $  18,299  $  455,894 

Commercial real estate - investor

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

$  537,183  $  379,217  $  944,915  $  367,946  $  294,147  $  434,641  $ 2,958,049  $  66,579  $ 3,024,628 

0 

7,479 

1,616 

0 

6 

0 

18,136 

21,312 

0 

18,006 

6,628 

0 

15,566 

6,918 

0 

34,153 

307 

0 

93,340 

36,787 

0 

0 

0 

0 

93,340 

36,787 

0 

$  538,799  $  386,702  $  984,363  $  392,580  $  316,631  $  469,101  $ 3,088,176  $  66,579  $ 3,154,755 

Commercial real estate - owner

Pass

Special mention

Substandard

Doubtful

Total

Residential real estate

Performing

Nonperforming

Total

Home equity

Performing

$  204,291  $  184,564  $  121,150  $  135,463  $  119,489  $  259,504  $ 1,024,461  $ 

7,565  $ 1,032,026 

970 

162 

0 

2,283 

727 

0 

2,262 

6,541 

0 

3,751 

12,513 

0 

1,381 

1,730 

0 

5,512 

1,963 

0 

16,159 

23,636 

0 

0 

38 

0 

16,159 

23,674 

0 

$  205,423  $  187,574  $  129,953  $  151,727  $  122,600  $  266,979  $ 1,064,256  $ 

7,603  $ 1,071,859 

$  258,537  $  230,699  $  138,239  $  64,310  $  34,606  $  162,924  $  889,315  $ 

0  $  889,315 

236 

970 

1,193 

598 

339 

3,418 

6,754 

0 

6,754 

$  258,773  $  231,669  $  139,432  $  64,908  $  34,945  $  166,342  $  896,069  $ 

0  $  896,069 

$  42,298  $  45,638  $  14,713  $  11,221  $ 

7,603  $  30,588  $  152,061  $  553,245  $  705,306 

Nonperforming

72 

161 

44 

67 

56 

234 

634 

2,459 

3,093 

Total

Installment

Performing

$  42,370  $  45,799  $  14,757  $  11,288  $ 

7,659  $  30,822  $  152,695  $  555,704  $  708,399 

$  58,209  $  12,768  $ 

8,213  $ 

5,541  $ 

3,925  $ 

2,201  $  90,857  $  28,353  $  119,210 

Nonperforming

6 

61 

32 

9 

1 

56 

165 

79 

244 

Total

Credit cards

Performing

Nonperforming

Total

$  58,215  $  12,829  $ 

8,245  $ 

5,550  $ 

3,926  $ 

2,257  $  91,022  $  28,432  $  119,454 

$ 

$ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

0  $  51,772  $  51,772 

0 

445 

445 

0  $  52,217  $  52,217 

Grand Total

$ 1,945,075  $ 1,550,642  $ 1,740,914  $  847,991  $  631,630  $ 1,114,203  $ 7,830,455  $ 1,457,844  $ 9,288,299 

Delinquency.  Loans are considered past due or delinquent when the contractual principal or interest due in accordance with the 
terms of the loan agreement or any portion thereof remains unpaid after the due date of the scheduled payment.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Loan delinquency, including nonaccrual loans, was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Loans

Commercial & industrial

Lease financing

Construction real estate

Commercial real estate-investor

Commercial real estate-owner

Residential real estate

Home equity

Installment

Credit card

Total

(Dollars in thousands)

Loans

Commercial & industrial

Lease financing

Construction real estate

Commercial real estate-investor

Commercial real estate-owner

Residential real estate

Home equity

Installment

Credit card

Total

As of December 31, 2022

30 – 59
days
past due

60 – 89
days
past due

> 90 days
past due

Total
past
due

Current

Total

> 90 days
past due
and still
accruing

$ 

5,375  $ 

72  $ 

501  $ 

5,948  $  3,404,324  $  3,410,272  $ 

5,212 

1,052 

0 

0 

26 

4,254 

1,725 

874 

261 

0 

0 

5,216 

2,074 

729 

490 

150 

843 

0 

0 

44 

3,260 

1,209 

414 

116 

7,107 

0 

0 

229,017 

512,050 

236,124 

512,050 

  3,094,064 

  3,094,064 

5,286 

953,409 

958,695 

9,588 

  1,082,677 

  1,092,265 

3,663 

1,778 

527 

730,128 

208,117 

51,288 

733,791 

209,895 

51,815 

$ 

17,727  $ 

9,783  $ 

6,387  $ 

33,897  $ 10,265,074  $ 10,298,971  $ 

0 

742 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

115 

857 

As of December 31, 2021

30 - 59
days
past due

60 - 89
days
past due

> 90 days
past due

Total
past
due

Current

Total

> 90 days
past due 
and still 
accruing

$ 

303  $ 

2,006  $ 

2,775  $ 

5,084  $  2,714,944  $  2,720,028  $ 

93 

0 

89 

56 

4,379 

1,214 

162 

223 

0 

0 

42 

2,207 

262 

692 

37 

134 

0 

0 

6,409 

637 

2,114 

1,186 

45 

137 

93 

0 

109,531 

455,894 

109,624 

455,894 

6,540 

  3,148,215 

  3,154,755 

2,900 

  1,068,959 

  1,071,859 

6,755 

3,092 

244 

494 

889,314 

705,307 

119,210 

51,723 

896,069 

708,399 

119,454 

52,217 

$ 

6,519  $ 

5,380  $ 

13,303  $ 

25,202  $  9,263,097  $  9,288,299  $ 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

137 

137 

Nonaccrual.  Loans are classified as nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, collection of principal or interest is 
doubtful or when principal or interest payments are 90 days or more past due.  Generally, loans are classified as nonaccrual due 
to the continued failure to adhere to contractual payment terms by the borrower, coupled with other pertinent factors.  When a 
loan is classified as nonaccrual, the accrual of interest income is discontinued and previously accrued but unpaid interest is 
reversed.  Any payments received while a loan is on nonaccrual status are applied as a reduction to the carrying value of the 
loan.  A loan classified as nonaccrual may return to accrual status if none of the principal and interest is due and unpaid, and the 
Bank expects repayment of the remaining contractual principal and interest.

Troubled debt restructurings.  A loan modification is considered a TDR when the borrower is experiencing financial 
difficulty and concessions are made by the Company that would not otherwise be considered for a borrower with similar credit 
characteristics.  The most common types of modifications include interest rate reductions, bankruptcies, maturity extensions 
and modifications to principal amortization, including interest-only structures.  Modified terms are dependent upon the financial 
position and needs of the individual borrower.  If the modification agreement is violated, the loan is managed by the Company’s 
credit administration group for resolution, which may result in foreclosure in the case of real estate.

TDRs are generally classified as nonaccrual for a minimum period of six months and may qualify for return to accrual status 
once they have demonstrated performance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement.   

First Financial had 134 TDRs totaling $21.0 million at December 31, 2022, including $11.0 million of loans on accrual status 
and $10.0 million of loans classified as nonaccrual.  First Financial had no commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to 
borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs, and the ACL included reserves of $5.0 million related to TDRs 

72  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
as of December 31, 2022.  For the year ended December 31, 2022, First Financial charged off $3.2 million for the portion of 
TDRs determined to be uncollectible.  Additionally, as of December 31, 2022, approximately $5.6 million of the accruing 
TDRs have been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year.  

First Financial had 150 TDRs totaling $27.6 million at December 31, 2021, including $11.6 million of loans on accrual status 
and $16.0 million of loans classified as nonaccrual.  First Financial had $0.2 million of commitments outstanding to lend 
additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs and the ACL included reserves of $6.3 
million related to TDRs as of December 31, 2021.  For the year ended December 31, 2021, First Financial charged off $1.7 
million for the portion of TDRs determined to be uncollectible.  Additionally, as of December 31, 2021, approximately $5.0 
million of the accruing TDRs have been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year.

First Financial had 155 TDRs totaling $21.8 million at December 31, 2020, including $7.1 million of loans on accrual status 
and $14.7 million of loans classified as nonaccrual.  First Financial had $0.3 million of commitments outstanding to lend 
additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs.  Additionally, First Financial charged off 
$1.7 million for the portion of TDRs determined to be uncollectible for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The following table provides information on loan modifications classified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2022, 
2021 and 2020:

Years ended December 31,

2022

Number 
of loans

Pre-
modification 
loan balance

Period end 
balance

Number 
of loans

2021

Pre-
modification 
loan balance

Period end 
balance

Number 
of loans

6  $ 

10,049  $ 

8,825 

0 

2 

15 

1 

1 

0 

0 

6,337 

3,115 

1,376 

1,317 

32 

1 

32 

1 

7

0

8

17

2

1

$ 

9,311  $ 

8,039 

0 

0 

16,850 

9,807 

1,585 

1,553 

30 

0 

30 

0 

8

0

0 

24

11

2

2020

Pre-
modification 
loan balance

Period end 
balance

$ 

14,984  $ 

14,984 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1,953 

1,847 

351 

35 

349 

22 

25  $ 

17,795  $ 

13,290 

35  $ 

27,776  $ 

19,429 

45  $ 

17,323  $ 

17,202 

(Dollars in 
thousands)

Commercial & 
industrial

Construction 
real estate

Commercial 
real estate

Residential 
real estate

Home equity

Installment

Total

The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 
2020:

(Dollars in thousands)

Extended maturities

Adjusted interest rates

Combination of rate and maturity changes

Forbearance

Bankruptcies
Other (1)
Total

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

3,346  $ 

0  $ 

3,106 

0 

4,477  

90  

2,271  

0 

0 

7,328 

6,723 

5,378 

0 

0 

0 

4,759 

678 

11,765 

$  13,290  $  19,429  $  17,202 

(1) Other includes covenant modifications and other concessions or combination of concessions that do not consist of interest rate adjustments, forbearance, 
bankruptcy and maturity extensions.

First Financial considers repayment performance as an indication of the effectiveness of the Company's loan modifications.   
Borrowers that are 90 days or more past due on any principal or interest payments, or who prematurely terminate a restructured 
loan agreement without paying off the contractual principal balance, are considered to be in payment default of the terms of the 
TDR agreement.  

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, there were two TDRs with a balance of $0.2 million for which there was a 
payment default during the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification.  For the twelve months ended 
December 31, 2021 and 2020, there was one TDR with an insignificant balance for which there was a payment default during 
the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification.

As stated in the CARES Act and subsequently modified by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, loan modifications in 
response to COVID-19 executed on loans that were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 and executed 
between March 1, 2020 and the January 1, 2022 are not required to be reported as a TDR.  

As of December 31, 2022, the Company's loan portfolio included no active loan modifications made under the guidance of the 
CARES Act that were not classified as TDR.  As of December 31, 2021, the Company's loan portfolio included $16.5 million 
of active loan modifications made under the guidance of the CARES Act that were not classified as TDR.  These modifications 
were comprised of two commercial loans  making interest only payments.  

As of December 31, 2020, the Company's loan portfolio included $320.2 million of active loan modifications made under the 
guidance of the CARES Act that were not classified as TDR.  These modifications included $291.5 million of borrowers 
making interest only payments at year end, and full principal and interest deferrals of $28.7 million.  Active modifications as of 
December 31, 2020 were primarily hotel and franchise loans, which were $186.2 million and $44.3 million respectively as of 
December 31, 2020, or 58.2% and 13.8% of the total active modifications at December 31, 2020.  As of December 31, 2020, 
the Company's loan portfolio included 90 commercial loans with balances of $312.5 million and 53 consumer loans with 
balances of $7.7 million that were modified in response to COVID-19 that were not considered TDRs.

Nonperforming loans.  Loans classified as nonaccrual and loans modified as TDRs are considered nonperforming.  The 
following table provides information on nonperforming loans as of December 31: 

Nonaccrual 
loans with 
a related 
ACL

2022
Nonaccrual 
loans with 
no related 
ACL

Total 
nonaccrual

Nonaccrual 
loans with 
a related 
ACL

2021
Nonaccrual 
loans with 
no related 
ACL

Total 
nonaccrual

Nonaccrual 
loans with 
a related 
ACL

2020
Nonaccrual 
loans with 
no related 
ACL

Total 
nonaccrual

(Dollars in thousands)

Nonaccrual loans (1)

Commercial & industrial

$ 

6,692  $ 

1,550  $ 

8,242  $ 

11,077  $ 

6,285  $  17,362  $ 

18,711  $ 

10,519  $  29,230 

Lease financing

Construction real estate

0 

0 

Commercial real estate

5,216 

178 

0 

570 

178 

0 

0 

0 

5,786 

17,716 

0 

0 

0 

10,691 

10,691 

3,123 

603 

3,123 

603 

0 

0 

0 

203 

0 

1,796 

8,305 

2,922 

88 

203 

0 

19,512 

8,305 

2,922 

88 

0 

0 

6,957 

251 

0 

0 

0 

0 

27,725 

11,350 

5,076 

163 

0 

0 

34,682 

11,601 

5,076 

163 

$ 

11,908  $ 

16,715  $  28,623  $ 

28,793  $ 

19,599  $  48,392  $ 

25,919  $ 

54,833  $  80,752 

Residential real estate

Home equity

Installment

Total nonaccrual 
loans

Interest income effect

Gross amount of interest that would have been recorded under original 
terms

Interest included in income

Nonaccrual loans

Troubled debt restructurings

Total interest included in income

Net impact on interest income

Commitments outstanding to borrowers 
with nonaccrual loans

2022

2021

2020

$ 

3,247  $ 

5,132  $ 

5,892 

1,134 

424 

1,558 

1,618 

314 

1,932 

1,636 

426 

2,062 

$ 

1,689  $ 

3,200  $ 

3,830 

$ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

(1) Nonaccrual loans include nonaccrual TDRs of $10.0 million, $16.0 million and $14.7 million as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

First Financial individually reviews all nonperforming loan relationships greater than $250,000 to determine if an individually 
evaluated allowance is necessary based on the borrower’s overall financial condition, resources and payment record, support 

74  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
from guarantors and the realizable value of any collateral.  Individually evaluated allowances are based on discounted cash 
flows using the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. 

A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the repayment is 
expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of collateral.  The following table presents the amortized 
cost basis of collateral dependent loans by class of loan.

December 31, 2022

Type of Collateral

(Dollar in thousands)
Class of loan

Commercial & industrial
Lease financing
Commercial real estate-
investor
Commercial real estate-
owner
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Total

Business 
assets

Commercial 
real estate

Equipment

Land

Residential 
real estate

Other

Total

$ 

8,205  $ 
0

0  $ 
0 

0

353 

0
0
0
0
8,205 

0
0$ 

3,399 
0 
0
0
3,752  $ 

$ 

0  $ 

178 

0 

1,893 
0 
0
0
2,071  $ 

0  $ 
0 

0 

119 
0 
0  
0
119  $ 

0  $ 
0 

37  $ 
0 

22 

0 

0 
10,691 
3,123 
0
13,836  $ 

0 
0 
0  
603  
640  $ 

8,242 
178 

375 

5,411 
10,691 
3,123 
603 
28,623 

(Dollar in thousands)
Class of loan

Commercial & industrial

$ 

Lease financing
Commercial real estate-
investor
Commercial real estate-
owner
Residential real estate
Home equity
Installment
Total

December 31, 2021
Type of Collateral

Business 
assets

Commercial 
real estate

Equipment

Land

Residential 
real estate

Other

Total

13,171  $ 
0

15  $ 

0

833  $ 
203

0  $ 
0

0  $ 
0

3,343  $ 
0  

17,362 

203 

0

6,362

0

0
0
0
0
13,171  $ 

6,673
0
0
0
13,050  $ 

5,937
0
0
0
6,973  $ 

$ 

0

38
0
0
0

38  $ 

422

0  

6,784 

80
8,305
2,922
0
11,729  $ 

0  
0  
0  
88  
3,431  $ 

12,728 
8,305 
2,922 
88 
48,392 

Lease financing - Lessor.  First Financial originates both sales-type and direct financing leases, and the Company manages and 
reviews lease residuals in accordance with its credit policies.  Payments are generally fixed.  However, in some agreements, 
lease payments may be indexed to a rate or index.  Sales-type lease contracts contain the ability to purchase the underlying 
equipment at lease maturity and profit or loss is recognized at lease commencement.  Direct financing leases are generally three 
to five years in length and may be extended at maturity, however, early cancellation may result in a fee to the borrower.  For 
direct financing leases, the net unearned income is deferred and amortized over the life of the lease.  

Effective December 31, 2021, First Financial acquired Summit Funding Group, Inc., which is a full-service equipment leasing 
company.  In conjunction with this acquisition, First Financial acquired $41.9 million of financing leases, which were included 
in Loans and leases on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  For further detail on the acquisition, see Note 24 - Business 
Combinations.

The components of the Company's net investments in direct financing and sales-type leases, which are included in Lease 
financing on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Dollar in thousands)

Direct financing leases

Lease receivables

Unguaranteed residual values

Sales-type leases

Lease receivables

Unguaranteed residual values

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

$ 

35,081  $ 

16,058 

184,985 

0 

49,843 

19,714 

40,067 

0 

109,624 

Total net investment in direct financing and sales-type leases

$ 

236,124  $ 

Interest income for direct financing and sales-type leases was $11.8 million, $2.7 million and $3.8 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The remaining maturities of lease receivables were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter

Total lease payments
Less: unearned interest income

Net lease receivables

Direct financing and 
Sales-type

$ 

$ 

56,640 
46,366 
39,495 
37,877 
31,826 
37,512 
249,716 
(29,650) 
220,066 

OREO.  OREO is comprised of properties acquired by the Company primarily through the loan foreclosure or repossession 
process, that result in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans.

Changes in OREO were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Balance at beginning of year

Additions

Commercial

Residential

Total additions

Disposals

Commercial

Residential

Total disposals

Valuation adjustments

Commercial

Residential

Total valuation adjustments

Balance at end of year

76  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

Years ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

98  $ 

1,287 

$ 

2,033 

0 

327 

327 

(98)   

(94)   

(192)   

0 

(42)   

(42)   

98 

0 

98 

(947) 

(331) 

(1,278) 

(9) 

0 

(9) 

$ 

191  $ 

98 

$ 

510 

507 

1,017 

(217) 

(1,859) 

(2,076) 

448 

(135) 

313 

1,287 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Allowance for Credit Losses

Allowance for credit losses - loans and leases.  The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the 
loans’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on the loans.  The ACL is increased by provision 
expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.  First Financial's policy is to 
charge-off all or a portion of a loan when, in management's opinion, it is unlikely to collect the principal amount owed in full 
either through payments from the borrower or a guarantor or from the liquidation of collateral.  Expected recoveries do not 
exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged-off and expected to be charged-off.  Accrued interest receivable on loans 
and leases, which totaled $47.5 million and $29.5 million as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, is 
excluded from the estimate of credit losses.  

Management estimates the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to 
past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Historical credit loss experience paired with economic 
forecasts provide the basis for the quantitatively modeled estimation of expected credit losses.  First Financial adjusts its 
quantitative model, as necessary, to reflect conditions not already considered by the quantitative model.  These adjustments are 
commonly known as the Qualitative Framework. 

The ACL is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  The Company has identified the 
following portfolio segments and measures the ACL using the following methods: 

Commercial and industrial – C&I loans include revolving lines of credit and term loans to commercial customers for use in 
normal business operations to finance working capital needs, equipment purchases, leasehold improvements or other projects.  
C&I loans are generally underwritten individually and secured with the assets of the Company and/or the personal guarantee of 
the business owners.  C&I loans also include ABL, equipment and leasehold improvement financing for franchisees in the 
quick service and casual dining restaurant sector and commission-based loans to insurance agents and brokers.  ABL 
transactions typically involve larger commercial clients and are secured by specific assets, such as inventory, accounts 
receivable, machinery and equipment.  In the franchise lending space, First Financial focuses on a limited number of restaurant 
concepts that have sound economics, low closure rates and strong brand awareness within specified local, regional or national 
markets.  Within the insurance lending platform, First Financial serves insurance agents and brokers that are looking to 
maximize their book-of-business value and grow their agency business.  

Current period default rates are utilized in the modeling of the ACL for C&I loans, and are adjusted for forecasted changes in 
the treasury term spread and market volatility index.  Changes in current period defaults or forecasted expectations for these 
economic variables could result in volatility in the Company's ACL in future periods.

Lease financing – Lease financing consists of lease transactions for the acquisition of both new and used business equipment 
for commercial clients.  Lease products may include tax leases, finance leases, lease lines of credit and interim funding.  The 
credit underwriting for lease transactions includes detailed analysis of the lessee's industry and business model, nature of the 
equipment, equipment resale values, historical and projected cash flow analysis, secondary sources of repayment and guarantor, 
in addition to other considerations.  

The ACL model for leases sources expected default rates from the C&I portfolio model.  Therefore, changes in forecasted 
expectations for the treasury term spread and market volatility index could result in volatility in the Company's ACL in future 
periods.

Construction real estate – Real estate construction loans are term loans to individuals, companies or developers used for the 
construction or development of a commercial or residential property for which repayment will be generated by the sale or 
permanent financing of the property.  Generally, these loans are for construction projects that have been pre-sold, pre-leased or 
have secured permanent financing, as well as loans to real estate companies with significant equity invested in the project.  An 
independent credit team underwrites construction real estate loans, which are managed by experienced lending officers and 
monitored through the construction phase by a centralized funding desk that manages loan disbursements.  

The construction ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in rental vacancy rates in the Bank's geographic footprint and 
the housing price index.  Changes in forecasted expectations for these economic variables could result in volatility in the 
Company's ACL in future periods.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  77

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Commercial real estate - owner & investor – Commercial real estate loans consist of term loans secured by a mortgage lien on 
real estate properties such as apartment buildings, office and industrial buildings and retail shopping centers.  Additionally, the 
Company's franchise lending activities discussed in the "Commercial and Industrial" section often include the financing of real 
estate in addition to equipment.  The credit underwriting for both owner-occupied and investor income producing real estate 
loans includes detailed market analysis, historical and projected cash flow analysis, appropriate equity margins, assessment of 
lessees and lessors, environmental risks and the type, age, condition and location of real estate, among other factors.   

First Financial models owner-occupied and investor CRE separately when determining the ACL.  For owner occupied CRE, 
current period default rates are utilized in the modeling, and are adjusted for forecasted changes in the BAA bond spread, 
national rental vacancy rates and the consumer confidence index.  Current period default rates are also utilized in the modeling 
of investor CRE loans, and are adjusted for forecasted changes in the BAA bond spread, multifamily building permits within 
the Bank’s geographic footprint, and national rental vacancy rates.  Changes in current period defaults and forecasted 
expectations for these economic variables could result in volatility in the Company's ACL in future periods.

Residential real estate – Residential real estate loans represent loans to consumers for the financing of a residence.  These loans 
generally have a 15 to 30 year term and a fixed interest rate, but may have a shorter term to maturity with an adjustable interest 
rate.  In most cases, these loans are extended to borrowers to finance their primary residence. First Financial sells residential 
real estate loan originations into the secondary market on both servicing retained and servicing released bases.  Residential real 
estate loans are generally underwritten to secondary market lending standards, utilizing underwriting processes that rely on 
empirical data to assess credit risk as well as analysis of the borrower's ability to repay their obligations, credit history, the 
amount of any down payment and the market value or other characteristics of the property.  First Financial also offers a 
residential mortgage product that features similar borrower credit characteristics but a more streamlined underwriting process 
than typically required to sell to government-sponsored enterprises and thus is retained on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  

The residential real estate ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in the housing price index, housing starts within the 
Bank’s geographic footprint and national single-family existing home sales.  Changes in forecasted expectations for these 
economic variables could result in volatility in the Company's ACL in future periods.

Home equity – Home equity lending includes both home equity loans and revolving lines of credit secured by a first or second 
lien on the borrower’s residence.  Home equity lending underwriting considerations include the borrower's credit history as well 
as to debt-to-income and loan-to-value policy limits.  

The home equity ACL model is adjusted for forecasted changes in the consumer credit growth rate within the Bank’s 
geographic footprint and the working-age labor participation rate.  Changes in forecasted expectations for these economic 
variables could result in volatility in the Company's ACL in future periods.

Installment – Installment lending consists of consumer loans not secured by real estate, including loans secured by automobiles 
and unsecured personal loans.  

The ACL model for installment loans sources expected default rates from the residential real estate and home equity portfolio 
models and is paired with installment specific LGD rates.  Changes in forecasted expectations for the consumer credit growth 
rate within the Bank’s geographic footprint, the working-age labor participation rate, the housing price index, housing starts 
within the Bank’s geographic footprint and national existing single-family existing home sales could result in volatility in the 
Company's ACL in future periods.

Credit card – Credit card lending consists of secured and unsecured revolving lines of credit to consumer and business 
customers. Credit card lines are generally available for an indefinite period of time as long as the borrower's credit 
characteristics do not materially or adversely change, but lines are unconditionally cancellable by the Company at any time.

The ACL model for credit card loans sources expected default rates from the residential real estate and home equity portfolio 
models and is paired with credit card specific LGD rates.  Changes in forecasted expectations for the consumer credit growth 
rate within the Bank’s geographic footprint, the working-age labor participation rate, the housing price index, housing starts 
within the Bank’s geographic footprint and national existing single-family existing home sales could result in volatility in the 
Company's ACL in future periods.

The Company utilized the Moody's December baseline forecast as its R&S forecast in the quantitative model.  For 
reasonableness, the Company also considered the impact to the model from alternative, more adverse economic forecasts, 
slower prepayment speeds and increased default rates.  These alternative analyses were utilized to inform the Company's 

78  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

qualitative adjustments.  Additionally, First Financial considered its credit exposure to certain industries believed to be at risk 
for future credit stress, such as franchise, hotel and investor commercial real estate lending when making qualitative 
adjustments to the ACL model.

First Financial's ACL is influenced by loan volumes, risk rating migration or delinquency status, and other conditions impacting 
loss expectations, such as reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic conditions.  For the twelve months ended 
December 31, 2022, the ACL was relatively stable as strong loan growth and slower prepayment speeds offset the impact from 
stable credit quality.  For the twelve months ended, December 31, 2021, the ACL declined due to improvements in economic 
forecasts and the Company's improved credit outlook.

Changes in the allowance by loan category as of December 31 were as follows:

2022

(Dollars in thousands)

Allowance for credit losses

Commercial 
& industrial

Lease 
financing

Construction 
real estate

Commercial 
real estate

Residential 
real estate

Home 
equity

Installment

Credit 
card

Total

Balance at beginning of year

$ 

44,052 

$ 

1,633 

$ 

11,874 

$ 

53,420 

$ 

6,225 

$ 

9,643 

$ 

1,097 

$  4,048 

$ 

131,992 

Purchase accounting ACL for PCD

Provision for credit losses

Gross charge-offs

Recoveries

Total net charge-offs

0 

3,221 

(5,899) 

939 

(4,960) 

0 

2,041 

(152) 

49 

(103) 

0 

0 

0 

1,653 

(12,951) 

6,509 

0 

0 

0 

(3,667) 

4,304 

637 

(224) 

174 

(50) 

0 

2,066 

(160) 

898 

738 

0 

0 

5,232 

(1,040) 

(1,549) 

165 

(1,384) 

(907) 

283 

(624) 

0 

6,731 

(12,558) 

6,812 

(5,746) 

Ending allowance for credit losses

$ 

42,313 

$ 

3,571 

$ 

13,527 

$ 

41,106 

$ 

12,684 

$  12,447 

$ 

4,945 

$  2,384 

$ 

132,977 

(Dollars in thousands)

Allowance for credit losses

Beginning balance, prior to adoption of 
ASC 326

Purchase accounting ACL for PCD

Provision for credit losses

Gross charge-offs

Recoveries

Total net charge-offs

Commercial 
& industrial

Lease 
financing

Construction 
real estate

Commercial 
real estate

Residential 
real estate

Home 
equity

Installment

Credit 
card

Total

2021

$ 

51,454 

$ 

995 

$ 

21,736 

$ 

76,795 

$ 

8,560 

$  11,869 

$ 

1,215 

$  3,055 

$ 

175,679 

0 

6,606 

(15,620) 

1,612 

(14,008) 

17 

621 

0 

0 

0 

0 

(8,367) 

(1,498) 

3 

(1,495) 

0 

(14,689) 

(13,471) 

4,785 

(8,686) 

0 

(2,436) 

(127) 

228 

101 

0 

(2,376) 

(1,073) 

1,223 

150 

0 

65 

(334) 

151 

(183) 

0 

1,552 

(780) 

221 

(559) 

17 

(19,024) 

(32,903) 

8,223 

(24,680) 

Ending allowance for credit losses

$ 

44,052 

$ 

1,633 

$ 

11,874 

$ 

53,420 

$ 

6,225 

$ 

9,643 

$ 

1,097 

$  4,048 

$ 

131,992 

2020

(Dollars in thousands)

Allowance for credit losses

Commercial 
& industrial

Lease 
financing

Construction 
real estate

Commercial 
real estate

Residential 
real estate

Home 
equity

Installment

Credit 
card

Total

Beginning balance, prior to adoption of 
ASC 326

$ 

18,584 

$ 

Impact of adopting ASC 326

Provision for credit losses

Gross charge-offs

Recoveries

Total net charge-offs

9,901 

25,407 

(5,345) 

2,907 

(2,438) 

971 

118 

758 

(852) 

0 

(852) 

$ 

2,381 

$ 

23,579 

$ 

5,299 

$ 

4,787 

$ 

11,579 

7,759 

0 

17 

17 

24,118 

38,936 

(12,100) 

2,262 

(9,838) 

5,490 

(2,122) 

(488) 

381 

(107) 

8,430 

(939) 

(1,541) 

1,132 

(409) 

392 

801 

12 

(148) 

158 

10 

$  1,657 

$ 

57,650 

1,068 

985 

(885) 

230 

(655) 

61,505 

70,796 

(21,359) 

7,087 

(14,272) 

Ending allowance for credit losses

$ 

51,454 

$ 

995 

$ 

21,736 

$ 

76,795 

$ 

8,560 

$  11,869 

$ 

1,215 

$  3,055 

$ 

175,679 

Allowance for credit losses - unfunded commitments.  First Financial estimates expected credit losses over the contractual 
period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is 
unconditionally cancellable by the Company.  The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and 
an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over its estimated life consistent with the 
Company's ACL methodology for loans and leases. 

First Financial determined the adequacy of this reserve based upon an evaluation of the unfunded credit facilities, which 
included consideration of historical commitment utilization experience, credit risk ratings and historical loss rates, consistent 
with the Company's ACL methodology at the time.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  79

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The ACL on unfunded commitments was $18.4 million as of December 31, 2022 and $13.4 million as of December 31, 2021.  
Due to the adoption of ASC 326, First Financial recorded $12.2 million in the ACL on unfunded commitments effective 
January 1, 2020.  Additionally, First Financial recorded $5.0 million and $0.9 million of provision expense related to the ACL 
on unfunded commitments for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and a provision recapture 
of $0.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020.

7. Premises and Equipment

Premises and equipment at December 31 were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Land and land improvements
Buildings
Furniture and fixtures
Leasehold improvements
Construction in progress

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization
   Total

$ 

2022

2021

49,016  $ 
157,620 
69,855 
32,515 
5,644 
314,650 

49,402 
155,337 
70,847 
30,190 
8,145 
313,921 

125,570 

120,881 
$  189,080  $  193,040 

Depreciation expense recorded on premises and equipment in 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $12.9 million, $14.1 million and $15.4 
million, respectively.

8.  Leases - Lessee

A lease is defined as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or 
equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration.  For contracts where First Financial is a lessee, substantially all of 
those agreements are for real estate property for branches, ATM locations and office space.  

Substantially all of the Company's leases are classified as operating leases, under Accounting Topic 842, operating lease 
agreements are required to be recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a ROU asset and a corresponding lease 
liability.  The Company's right to use an asset over the life of a lease is recorded as a "right of use" asset in Accrued interest and 
other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet and was $54.3 million and $57.2 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, 
respectively.  Certain adjustments to the ROU asset may be required for items such as initial direct costs paid or incentives 
received.  First Financial recorded a $64.5 million and $67.6 million lease liability in Accrued interest and other liabilities on 
the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The calculated amount of the ROU assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate 
used to calculate the present value of minimum lease payments.  Regarding the discount rate, Topic 842 requires the use of the 
rate implicit in the lease whenever this rate is readily determinable.  As this rate is rarely determinable, the Company utilizes its 
incremental borrowing rate at lease inception, on a collateralized basis, over a similar term.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and First Financial recognizes lease 
expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.  Most leases include one or more options to renew, 
with renewal terms that can extend the lease term from one to 20 years or more.  The exercise of renewal options on operating 
leases is at the Company's sole discretion, and certain leases may include options to purchase the leased property.  If at lease 
inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company will include the 
extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability.  First Financial does not enter into lease agreements which 
contain material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.  

Certain leases provide for increases in future minimum annual rental payments as defined in the lease agreements and leases 
generally also include real estate taxes and common area maintenance charges in the annual rental payments.

80  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The components of lease expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Operating lease cost

Short-term lease cost

Variable lease cost

Total operating lease cost

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

$ 

$ 

7,626  $ 

7,425  $ 

8 

2,827 

108 

2,621 

10,461  $ 

10,154  $ 

7,897 

142 

2,532 

10,571 

Future minimum commitments due under these lease agreements as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Operating leases

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less: imputed interest

Total

$ 

$ 

7,681 

7,321 

7,011 

6,736 

6,164 

46,808 

81,721 

(17,244) 

64,477 

The weighted average lease term and discount rate for the Company's operating leases were as follows:

Operating leases

Weighted-average remaining lease term

Weighted-average discount rate

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

13.1 years

 3.29 %

13.9 years

 3.25 %

15.1 years

 3.07 %

Supplemental cash information at year end related to leases was as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

Operating cash flows from operating leases

$ 

7,824  $ 

6,860  $ 

ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations

Operating leases

4,730 

6,076 

8,196 

9,725 

9.  Operating Leases - Lessor

First Financial provides financing for various types of equipment through a operating leasing arrangements.  Operating leases 
are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Operating leases were $91.7 million and 
$60.8 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, net of accumulated depreciation of $35.0 million and 
$25.5 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.  The Company recorded lease income of  
$24.5 million related to lease payments for operating leases in leasing business income in the Consolidated Statement of Income 
for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively.  Depreciation expense related to operating lease equipment was 
$20.4 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, respectively.

First Financial performs assessments of the recoverability of long-lived assets when events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that their carrying values may not be recoverable.  First Financial recognized no impairment losses associated with operating 
lease assets for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.  Recognized impairment losses, if any, would be recorded in 
Leasing business income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The future lease payments receivable from operating leases as of December 31, 2022 are as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Undiscounted cash flows

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total operating lease payments

10. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

$ 

$ 

27,334 

21,422 

13,149 

7,122 

1,912 

1,271 

72,210 

Goodwill.  Assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination are recorded at their estimated fair values as of the 
acquisition date.  The excess of the purchase price of the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired is recorded as 
goodwill. 

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 are shown below.

(Dollars in thousands)

Balance at beginning of year

Goodwill resulting from business combinations

Balance at end of year

2022

2021

2020

$ 1,000,749 

$  937,771 

$  937,771 

758 

62,978 

0 

$ 1,001,507 

$ 1,000,749 

$  937,771 

In December 2021, First Financial recorded $63.0 million of goodwill resulting from the acquisition of Summit Funding Group, 
Inc.  During 2022, First Financial recorded adjustments of $0.8 million to goodwill from the Summit merger.  First Financial 
recorded its final adjustments to goodwill related to the Summit merger in the fourth quarter of 2022.  For further detail on 
various mergers or acquisitions, see Note 24 - Business Combinations.

Goodwill is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis as of October 1 of each year, or whenever events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value.  First Financial performed its most 
recent annual qualitative impairment test as of October 1, 2022 and no impairment was indicated.  As of December 31, 2022, no 
events or changes in circumstances indicated that the fair value of the reporting unit was below its carrying value.

Other intangible assets.  Other intangible assets consist primarily of core deposit, customer list, mortgage servicing rights and 
other miscellaneous intangibles, such as purchase commissions, non-compete agreements and trade name intangibles.  

Core deposit intangibles represent the estimated fair value of acquired customer deposit relationships on the date of acquisition 
and are amortized on an accelerated basis over their estimated useful lives.  First Financial's core deposit intangibles have an 
estimated weighted average remaining life of 5.3 years.  

First Financial recorded a customer list intangible asset in conjunction with the Summit acquisition to account for the obligation 
or advantage on the part of either the Company or the customer to continue the pre-existing relationship subsequent to the 
merger.  The Summit customer list intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 12 
years and was $27.6 million and $30.1 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.  Additionally, First 
Financial recorded a customer list intangible asset in conjunction with the Bannockburn acquisition which is being amortized 
on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 11 years and was $27.5 million and $31.1 million at December 31, 2022 
and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Mortgage servicing rights are servicing fees First Financial receives from selling fixed and adjustable-rate residential mortgage 
loans where it retains servicing responsibilities.  In those sales, First Financial provided to the investors certain standard 
representations and warranties; however, the investors have no recourse to the Company’s other assets for failure of debtors to 
pay when due.  First Financial receives servicing fees based on a percentage of the outstanding balance.  Mortgage servicing 

82  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
rights are measured at fair value with changes in fair value reported in other noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements 
of Income.

The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of other intangible assets were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Amortized intangible assets

Core deposit intangibles

Customer list

Other

Unamortized intangible assets

Mortgage servicing rights

Total

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Gross
carrying
amount

Accumulated
amortization

Gross
carrying
amount

Accumulated
amortization

$ 

41,750 

$ 

(26,488)  $ 

45,256 

$ 

(26,911) 

69,563 

14,079 

16,536

(14,457) 

(7,064) 

69,563 

14,589 

(8,362) 

(5,237) 

0

15,469

0

$ 

141,928 

$ 

(48,009)  $ 

144,877 

$ 

(40,510) 

Amortization expense recognized on intangible assets for 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $11.2 million, $9.8 million and $11.1 
million, respectively.  The estimated amortization expense of intangible assets for the next five years is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

11. Deposits

Intangible 
amortization

$ 

10,538 

9,195 

9,147 

9,094 

9,053 

Time deposits that meet or exceed the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000 at December 31, 2022 and 2021 were $165.1 million 
and $195.6 million, respectively.

Scheduled maturities of all time deposits for the next five years were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

Total

Time 
deposits
$  1,320,011 

293,775 

37,093 

37,881 

11,768 

177 

$  1,700,705 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

12. Borrowings

Short-term borrowings, or borrowings that mature in less than one year, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets include repurchase 
agreements utilized for corporate sweep accounts with cash management account agreements in place, federal funds purchased, 
overnight advances from the FHLB and a short-term line of credit.  

The following is a summary of short-term borrowings for the last three years: 

(Dollars in thousands)
At December 31,

Federal funds purchased and securities sold 
under agreements to repurchase
FHLB borrowings
Other short-term borrowings
Total

Average for the year

Federal funds purchased and securities sold 
under agreements to repurchase
FHLB borrowings
Other short-term borrowings
Total

2022

2021

2020

Amount

Rate

Amount

Rate

Amount

Rate

$ 
0 
  1,130,000 
  157,156 
$ 1,287,156 

 0.00 % $  51,203 
 4.58 %   225,000 
20,000 
 4.33 %  
 4.55 % $  296,203 

 0.01 % $  166,594 
 0.18 %  
0 
0 
 1.90 %  
 0.27 % $  166,594 

 0.05 %
 0.00 %
 0.00 %
 0.05 %

$  29,526 
  672,928 
  115,041 
$  817,495 

 1.42 % $  160,967 
43,371 
 2.37 %  
165 
 2.38 %  
 2.34 % $  204,503 

 0.07 % $  149,036 
 0.20 %   441,867 
0 
 1.92 %  
 0.10 % $  590,903 

 0.26 %
 1.37 %
 0.00 %
 1.09 %

All repurchase agreements are subject to terms and conditions agreed to by the Bank and the client.  To secure its liability to the 
client, the Bank is authorized to sell or repurchase U.S. Treasury, government agency and mortgage-backed securities.  As of 
December 31, 2022, the Bank had no securities sold under agreements to repurchase.  As of December 31, 2021 the Bank had 
$51.3 million of securities sold under agreements to repurchase.

First Financial had outstanding FHLB advances included in short-term borrowings of $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2022 and 
$225.0 million outstanding short-term FHLB advances as of December 31, 2021.  Additionally, at December 31, 2022, other 
short-term borrowings included $157.2 million of collateral owed by counterparty banks to First Financial. 

First Financial also has a $40.0 million short-term credit facility with an unaffiliated bank that matures in December, 2023, 
which is included in short-term borrowings.  This facility has a variable interest rate and provides First Financial additional 
liquidity, if needed, for various corporate activities including the repurchase of First Financial common stock and the payment 
of dividends to shareholders.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial had no outstanding balance and as of December 31, 
2021, First Financial had an outstanding balance of $20.0 million.  The credit agreement requires First Financial to comply with 
certain covenants including those related to asset quality and capital levels, and First Financial was in compliance with all 
covenants associated with this facility as of December 31, 2022.  This credit facility also required First Financial to pledge as 
collateral the Bank's common stock where the lender is granted a security interest in this collateral.

84  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

The following is a summary of First Financial's long-term debt:

(Dollars in thousands) 
Subordinated debt
Unamortized debt issuance costs
Capital lease liability
Capital loan with municipality

Subtotal

2022

2021

Amount

Average Rate

Amount

$ 

313,705 
(1,998) 
1,698 
775 
314,180 

 5.48 % $ 
n/a  
 3.82 %  
 0.00 %  
 5.50 %  

313,248 
(2,384) 
1,781 
775 
313,420 

Average Rate
 4.86 %
n/a
 3.81 %
 0.00 %
 4.88 %

Acquired in Summit acquisition

Bank lines of credit
Notes issued in conjunction with acquisition of property and 
equipment

Total notes payable acquired in Summit acquisition

Total long-term debt

0 

 0.00 %  

23,030 

 2.77 %

32,492 
32,492 
346,672 

$ 

 4.44 %  
 4.44 %  
 5.40 % $ 

73,382 
96,412 
409,832 

 4.09 %
 3.77 %
 4.62 %

As of December 31, 2022, First Financial's long-term debt matures as follows:

 (Dollars in thousands) 
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter
Total

Long-term 
debt

$ 

$ 

6,898 
12,408 
4,169 
6,201 
2,173 
314,823 
346,672 

In April 2020, First Financial issued $150.0 million of fixed to floating rate subordinated notes.  The subordinated notes have 
an initial fixed interest rate of 5.25% to, but excluding, May 15, 2025, payable semi-annually in arrears.  From, and including, 
May 15, 2025, the interest rate on the subordinated notes will reset quarterly to a floating rate per annum equal to a benchmark 
rate, which is expected to be the then-current three-month term SOFR, plus 509 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears.  The 
subordinated notes mature on May 15, 2030.  These notes are redeemable by the Company in whole or in part beginning with 
the interest payment date of May 15, 2025. 

In 2015, First Financial issued $120.0 million of subordinated notes, which have a fixed interest rate of 5.13% payable 
semiannually and mature in August 2025.  These notes are not redeemable by the Company or callable by the holders of the 
notes prior to maturity.  In addition, First Financial acquired $49.5 million of variable rate subordinated notes in the MSFG 
merger that were issued to previously formed trusts in exchange for the trust proceeds.  Interest on the acquired subordinated 
notes is payable quarterly, in arrears, and the Company has the option to defer interest payments for a period not to exceed 20 
consecutive quarters.  These acquired subordinated notes mature 30 years after the date of original issuance and may be called 
at par following the 5 year anniversary of issuance.  First Financial also acquired $8.4 million of 6.00% fixed rate private 
placement subordinated debt in conjunction with the MSFG merger that was issued in 2015 and matured in 2025.  These notes 
were redeemable by the Company at par following the 5 year anniversary of issuance.  These subordinated notes were 
redeemed by the Company in the first quarter of 2021.  The subordinated notes are treated as Tier 2 capital for regulatory 
capital purposes and are included in Long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  

Additionally, in conjunction with the acquisition of Summit, First Financial assumed $96.4 million in outstanding long-term 
borrowings at December 31, 2021.  These outstanding long-term borrowings consisted of $23.0 million of lines of credit with 
other banks utilized to operate the business and carried an average interest rate of 2.77%.  These lines of credit were paid off in 
January 2022.  Acquired long-term borrowings also included $32.5 million and $73.4 million of term notes, both with and 
without recourse, with an average interest rate of 4.44% and 4.09% at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  These term 
notes were used to finance Summit's equity investment in the purchase of equipment to be leased to customers.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

FHLB advances, both short-term and long-term, must be collateralized with qualifying assets, typically certain commercial and 
residential real estate loans, as well as certain government and agency securities.  For ease of borrowing execution, First 
Financial utilizes a blanket collateral agreement with the FHLB, and at December 31, 2022, had collateral pledged with a book 
value of $6.0 billion.

13. Derivatives

First Financial uses certain derivative instruments, including rate caps, floors, swaps and foreign exchange contracts, to meet 
the operating needs of its clients while managing the interest and currency rate risk associated with certain transactions.  First 
Financial may also utilize interest rate swaps to manage the interest rate risk profile of the Company.  Interest rate payments are 
exchanged with counterparties, based on the notional amount as established in the interest rate agreement.  As only interest rate 
payments are exchanged, the cash requirements and credit risk associated with interest rate swaps are significantly less than the 
notional amount and the Company’s credit risk exposure is limited to the market value of the instruments.  First Financial does 
not use derivatives for speculative purposes.

First Financial manages this market value credit risk through counterparty credit policies including a review of  total derivative 
notional position to total assets, total credit exposure to total capital and counterparty credit exposure risk. 

For discussion of First Financial's accounting for derivative instruments, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies.

Client derivatives.  First Financial utilizes interest rate swaps as a means to offer commercial borrowers fixed rate funding 
while providing the Company with floating rate assets.  

At December 31, 2022, for interest rate derivatives, the Company had a total counterparty notional amount outstanding of $2.2 
billion, spread among six counterparties, with an estimated fair value of $145.8 million.  At December 31, 2021, the Company 
had interest rate derivatives with a total counterparty notional amount outstanding of $2.4 billion, spread among six 
counterparties, with an estimated fair value of $74.2 million.

First Financial monitors its derivative credit exposure to borrowers by monitoring the creditworthiness of the related loan
customers through the Company's normal credit review processes.  Additionally, the Company's ACL Committee monitors
derivative credit risk exposure associated with problem loans through the Company's ACL committee.  First Financial considers 
the market value of a derivative instrument to be part of the carrying value of the related loan for these purposes as the borrower 
is contractually obligated to pay First Financial this amount in the event the derivative contract is terminated.

In connection with its use of derivative instruments, First Financial and its counterparties may be required to post cash collateral 
to offset the market position of the derivative instruments.  First Financial maintains the right to offset these derivative positions 
with the collateral posted against them by or with the relevant counterparties.

Foreign Exchange Contracts.  First Financial may enter into foreign exchange derivative contracts for the benefit of 
commercial customers to hedge their exposure to foreign currency fluctuations.  Similar to the hedging of interest rate risk from 
interest rate derivative contracts, First Financial also enters into foreign exchange contracts with major financial institutions to 
economically hedge a substantial portion of the exposure from client driven foreign exchange activity.  These derivatives are 
classified as free-standing instruments with the revaluation gain or loss recorded in Foreign exchange income in the 
Consolidated Statements of Income.  At December 31, 2022, the Company had total counterparty notional amount outstanding 
of $7.7 billion spread among five counterparties, with an estimated fair value of $17.3 million related to foreign exchange 
contracts, which is included in Accrued interest and other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  At December 31, 
2021, the Company had total counterparty notional amounts outstanding of $6.4 billion spread among four counterparties, with 
an estimated fair value of $15.2 million.

In connection with its use of foreign exchange contracts, First Financial and its counterparties may be required to post cash 
collateral to offset the market position of the derivative instruments.  First Financial maintains the right to offset these 
derivative positions with the collateral posted against them by or with the relevant counterparties.

86  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

The following table details the location and amounts of client derivatives and foreign exchange contracts recognized in the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(Dollars in thousands)

Balance
Sheet Classification

Notional
amount

Gain

Loss

Notional
amount

Gain

Loss

Client derivatives-instruments associated with loans

Matched interest rate swaps with 
borrower
Matched interest rate swaps with 
counterparty

Accrued interest and other assets 
and other liabilities
Accrued interest and other 
liabilities

$  2,206,351  $ 

5,057 

$ (147,759)  $  2,430,587  $  84,694  $ 

(7,508) 

2,206,351 

  147,759 

(5,057) 

2,430,587 

7,508 

(84,701) 

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Estimated fair value

Estimated fair value

Foreign exchange contracts

Matched foreign exchange 
contracts with customers

Accrued interest and other assets

7,734,395 

  111,078 

(93,804) 

6,423,085 

67,988 

(52,780) 

Matched foreign exchange 
contracts with counterparty

Accrued interest and other 
liabilities

7,681,006 

93,804 

  (111,078) 

6,399,432 

52,780 

(67,988) 

Total

$  19,828,103  $ 357,698 

$ (357,698)  $  17,683,691  $ 212,970  $ (212,977) 

The following table discloses the gross and net amounts of client derivatives and foreign exchange contracts recognized in the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets:

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Gross amounts 
of recognized 
liabilities

Gross amounts 
offset in the 
Consolidated 
Balance Sheets

Net amounts of 
(assets)/
liabilities 
presented in 
the 
Consolidated 
Balance Sheets

Gross amounts 
of recognized 
liabilities

Gross amounts 
offset in the 
Consolidated 
Balance Sheets

Net amounts of 
(assets)/
liabilities 
presented in 
the 
Consolidated 
Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)

Client derivatives

Matched interest rate swaps

$ 

152,816  $ 

(314,048)  $ 

(161,232)  $ 

92,209  $ 

(149,647)  $ 

(57,438) 

Foreign exchange contracts with counterparty

204,882 

(101,945) 

102,937 

120,768 

(56,443) 

64,325 

Total

$ 

357,698  $ 

(415,993)  $ 

(58,295)  $ 

212,977  $ 

(206,090)  $ 

6,887 

The following table details the derivative financial instruments, the average remaining maturities and the weighted-average 
interest rates being paid and received by First Financial at December 31, 2022:

(Dollars in thousands)

Client derivatives-interest rate contracts

Receive fixed, matched interest rate swaps with borrower

Pay fixed, matched interest rate swaps with counterparty

Client derivatives-foreign exchange contracts

Foreign exchange contracts - pay USD

Foreign exchange contracts - receive USD

Total client derivatives

Notional
amount

Average
maturity
(years)

Fair
value

$  2,206,351 

2,206,351 

7,734,395 

7,681,006 

$  19,828,103 

5.3

5.3

0.7

0.7

1.7

$ 

(142,702) 

142,702 

17,274 

(17,274) 

$ 

0 

Credit derivatives.  In conjunction with participating interests in commercial loans, First Financial periodically enters into risk 
participation agreements with counterparties whereby First Financial assumes a portion of the credit exposure associated with 
an interest rate swap on the participated loan in exchange for a fee.  Under these agreements, First Financial will make 
payments to the counterparty if the loan customer defaults on its obligation to perform under the interest rate swap contract with 
the counterparty.  The total notional value of these agreements totaled $379.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and $362.8 
million as of December 31, 2021.  The fair value of these agreements recorded in Accrued interest and other liabilities on the 
Consolidated Balance Sheets was immaterial at December 31, 2022 and $0.1 million at December 31, 2021.   

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  87

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Mortgage Derivatives.  First Financial enters into IRLCs and forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans 
to third party investors, which are considered derivatives.  When borrowers secure an IRLC with First Financial and the loans 
are intended to be sold, First Financial will enter into forward commitments for the future delivery of the loans to third party 
investors in order to hedge against the effect of changes in interest rates impacting IRLCs and and loans held for sale.  At 
December 31, 2022, the notional amount of the IRLCs was $12.0 million and the notional amount of forward commitments was 
$15.3 million.  As of December 31, 2021, the notional amount of IRLCs was $45.0 million and the notional amount of forward 
commitments was $62.5 million.  The fair value of these agreements was $4.3 million at December 31, 2022 and $3.3 million at 
December 31, 2021 and was recorded in Accrued interest and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

14. Commitments and Contingencies

First Financial offers a variety of financial instruments including letters of credit and outstanding commitments to extend credit 
to assist clients in meeting their requirement for liquidity and credit enhancement.  GAAP does not require these financial 
instruments to be recorded in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

First Financial utilizes the same credit policies in issuing commitments and conditional obligations as it does for credit 
instruments recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  First Financial’s exposure to credit loss in the event of 
nonperformance by the counterparty is represented by the contractual amounts of those instruments.  First Financial estimates 
credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend 
credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company in accordance with ASC 326.  The estimate 
includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments 
expected to be funded over its estimated useful life consistent with the Company's ACL methodology for loans and leases.  
Adjustments to the reserve for unfunded commitments are recorded in Provision for credit losses - unfunded commitments in 
the Consolidated Statements of Income.  First Financial had $18.4 million and $13.4 million of reserves for unfunded 
commitments recorded in Accrued interest and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 
and 2021.

Loan commitments.  Loan commitments are agreements to extend credit to a client absent any violation of conditions 
established in the commitment agreement.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and 
may require payment of a fee.  Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total 
commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed 
necessary by First Financial upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the client.  The collateral 
held varies, but may include securities, real estate, inventory, plant or equipment.  First Financial had commitments outstanding 
to extend credit, totaling $4.4 billion and $4.0 billion at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.  As of December 31, 2022, 
loan commitments with a fixed interest rate totaled $126.3 million while commitments with variable interest rates totaled $4.2 
billion.  At December 31, 2021, loan commitments with a fixed interest rate totaled $129.2 million while commitments with 
variable interest rates totaled $3.8 billion.  The fixed rate loan commitments have interest rates ranging from 0.00% to 21.00% 
for both December 31, 2022 and 2021 and have maturities ranging from less than 1 year to 31.6 years for December 31, 2022 
and less than 1 year to 30.9 years for December 31, 2021.

88  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

The following table presents by type First Financial's loan balances and contractual obligations to extend credit:

(dollars in thousands)

Commercial & industrial

Lease financing

Construction real estate

Commercial real estate-investor

Commercial real estate-owner

Residential real estate

Home equity

Installment

Credit card

Total

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Unfunded 
commitment

Loan balance

Unfunded 
commitment

Loan balance

$ 

1,833,977  $ 

3,410,272  $ 

1,545,995  $ 

2,720,028 

6,842

689,015

107,205

48,208

74,089

903,459

16,073

225,864

236,124

512,050

3,094,064

958,695

1,092,265

733,791

209,895

51,815

18,037

484,038

65,660

29,824

50,043

822,343

15,985

217,006

109,624

455,894

3,154,755

1,071,859

896,069

708,399

119,454

52,217

$ 

3,904,732  $ 

10,298,971  $ 

3,248,931  $ 

9,288,299 

Letters of credit.  Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by First Financial to guarantee the performance of a 
client to a third party.  First Financial’s letters of credit consist of performance assurances made on behalf of clients who have a 
contractual commitment to produce or deliver goods or services.  The risk to First Financial arises from its obligation to make 
payment in the event of the client's contractual default to produce the contracted good or service to a third party.  First Financial 
has issued letters of credit aggregating $31.5 million and $41.1 million at December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively.  
Management conducts regular reviews of these instruments on an individual client basis.

Risk participation agreements.  First Financial is a party in risk participation transactions of interest rate swaps, which had 
total notional amount of $379.3 million and $362.8 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Affordable housing projects and other tax credit investments.  First Financial is a limited partner in several tax-advantaged 
limited partnerships whose purpose is to invest in approved qualified affordable housing, renewable energy, or other renovation 
or community revitalization projects.  These investments are included in Accrued interest and other assets in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets, with any unfunded commitments included in Accrued interest and other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance 
Sheets.  As of December 31, 2022, First Financial expects to recover its remaining investments through the use of the tax 
credits that are generated by the investments.

The following table summarizes First Financial's investments in affordable housing projects and other tax credit investments.

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

Investment

Accounting Method

Investment

Unfunded 
commitment

Investment

Unfunded 
commitment

Proportional amortization

$ 

126,537  $ 

70,690  $ 

108,974  $ 

57,341 

LIHTC

HTC

NMTC

Equity

Equity

Renewable energy

Equity

Total

17,108 

2,944 

11,851 

11,955 

0 

1,689 

2,581 

3,895 

18,585 

$ 

158,440  $ 

84,334  $ 

134,035  $ 

56 

0 

15,114 

72,511 

The following tables summarize First Financial's amortization expense and tax benefit recognized in affordable housing 
projects and other tax credit investments.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2022

Twelve months ended
December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

(Dollars in thousands)
LIHTC
HTC
NMTC
Renewable energy

Total

Amortization 
expense (1)

Tax expense 
(benefit) 
recognized (2)

Amortization 
expense (1)

Tax expense 
(benefit) 
recognized (2)

Amortization 
expense (1)

Tax expense 
(benefit) 
recognized (2)

$ 

$ 

11,929  $ 
0 
415 
23,411 
35,755  $ 

(11,088)  $ 
(319)   
(210)   
(25,473)   
(37,090)  $ 

8,894  $ 
1,116 
210 
11,467 
21,687  $ 

(8,581)  $ 
(263)   
(210)   
(12,216)   
(21,270)  $ 

8,076  $ 
474 
175 
4,756 
13,481  $ 

(7,629) 
(563) 
(175) 
(4,777) 
(13,144) 

(1) The amortization expense for the LIHTC investments is included in income tax expense. The amortization expense for the HTC, 
NMTC, and Renewable energy tax credits is included in other noninterest expense.
(2) All of the tax benefits recognized are included in Income tax expense.  The tax benefit recognized for the HTC, NMTC, and 
Renewable energy investments primarily reflects the tax credits generated from the investments and excludes the net tax expense (benefit) 
and deferred tax liability of the investments’ income (loss).

Contingencies/Litigation.  First Financial and its subsidiaries are engaged in various matters of litigation from time to time, 
and have a number of unresolved claims pending.

Like many banks, First Financial has been the subject of lawsuits relating to overdraft fees.  This type of litigation is time 
consuming and expensive in large part due to the amount of data to be sorted and disclosed, in some cases going back multiple 
years.  During the second and fourth quarters of 2021, First Financial determined that it was in its best interest to settle lawsuits 
in the states of Indiana and Ohio and have signed settlement agreements that were presented to the court for approval.  As such, 
First Financial recorded legal settlement expenses of $7.1 million, which were recorded in Other noninterest expenses in the 
Consolidated Statements of Income during 2021.  For year ended December 31, 2022, legal settlement expenses of $3.3 million 
were paid.

Additionally, as part of the ordinary course of business, First Financial and its subsidiaries are parties to other litigation, 
including claims to the ownership of funds in particular accounts, the collection of delinquent accounts, challenges to security 
interests in collateral, foreclosure interests that are incidental to our regular business activities and other matters.  While the 
ultimate liability with respect to these litigation matters and claims cannot be determined at this time, First Financial believes 
that damages, if any, and other amounts relating to pending matters are not probable or cannot be reasonably estimated as of 
December 31, 2022.  Reserves are established for these various matters of litigation, when appropriate, under FASB ASC Topic 
450, Contingencies, based in part upon the advice of legal counsel.  First Financial had no reserves related to litigation matters 
as of December 31, 2022 or December 31, 2021.

15. Related Party Transactions

Outstanding balance of loans to directors, executive officers, principal holders of First Financial’s common stock and certain 
related persons were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance
Additions
Deductions

Ending balance
Loans 90 days or more past due

2022

3,482 
2,539 
(403) 
5,618 
0 

$ 

$ 
$ 

Related parties of First Financial, as defined for inclusion in the table above, were clients of, and had transactions with, 
subsidiaries of First Financial during the periods noted.  Similar transactions with related parties may be expected in future 
periods.

90  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Income Taxes

Income tax expense consisted of the following components:

(Dollars in thousands)
Current expense

Federal
State
Total current expense
Deferred expense (benefit)

Federal
State
Total deferred expense (benefit)
Income tax expense

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

24,307  $ 
3,308 
27,615 

21,397  $ 
2,289 
23,686 

34,632 
2,349 
36,981 

(4,399) 
894 
(3,505) 
24,110  $ 

10,944 
1,143 
12,087 
35,773  $ 

(8,624) 
244 
(8,380) 
28,601 

The difference between the federal income tax rates applied to income before income taxes and the effective rates were due to 
the following:

(Dollars in thousands)
Income taxes computed at federal statutory rate (21%) on income before 
income taxes
Benefit from tax-exempt income
Tax credits
Basis reduction on tax credit
Tax expense (benefit) of equity compensation
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit
Affordable housing investments
Other

Income tax expense

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

50,762  $ 
(5,743) 
(37,331) 
2,761 
(154) 
3,320 
9,341 
1,154 
24,110  $ 

50,596  $ 
(5,613) 
(21,561) 
1,346 
(243) 
2,711 
7,194 
1,343 
35,773  $ 

38,726 
(5,901) 
(13,064) 
657 
340 
2,049 
6,635 
(841) 
28,601 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The major components of the temporary differences that gave rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2022, 
and 2021, were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Deferred tax assets

Allowance for credit losses
Deferred compensation
Postretirement benefits other than pension liability
Accrued stock-based compensation
Interest on nonaccrual loans
Accrued expenses
Net unrealized losses on investment securities
State net operating loss
Leasing liability
Reserve for unfunded commitments
Other
Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

Tax depreciation in excess of book depreciation
FHLB and FRB stock
Mortgage-servicing rights
Leasing activities
Retirement obligation
Intangible assets
Deferred loan fees and costs
Prepaid expenses
Limited partnership investments
Fair value adjustments on business combinations
Net unrealized gains on investment securities
Foreign exchange deferred income
ASU 2016-01 unrealized gain/loss-equity securities
Right of use assets
Other
Total deferred tax liabilities

Total net deferred tax asset (liability)

2022

2021

$ 

$ 

30,464  $ 
346 
636 
2,216 
406 
7,454 
92,072 
1,152 
15,308 
4,254 
516 
154,824 

(7,172) 
(3,912) 
(3,825) 
(12,829) 
(10,197) 
(18,462) 
(1,638) 
(645) 
(312) 
(6,736) 
0 
0 
(2,237) 
(12,911) 
(3,653) 
(84,529) 
70,295  $ 

29,754 
292 
652 
1,836 
442 
7,286 
0 
1,746 
15,794 
3,049 
565 
61,416 

(9,117) 
(3,836) 
(3,518) 
(10,860) 
(13,754) 
(16,081) 
(933) 
(680) 
(2,957) 
(6,900) 
(5,791) 
(428) 
(2,339) 
(13,390) 
(2,426) 
(93,010) 
(31,594) 

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had a state net operating loss carryforward from MSFG of $1.5 million and $2.3 
million.  This carryforward begins to expire in 2026.  The Company expects to fully utilize this net operating loss and, 
therefore, a valuation allowance was not required at December 31, 2022 and 2021.  The acquired MSFG state net operating loss 
is subject to IRC Section 382 and is limited annually.

The realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is dependent upon the Company’s ability to generate taxable income in 
future periods and the reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the same period.  The Company has evaluated the available 
evidence supporting the realization of its deferred tax assets and determined it is more likely than not that the assets will be 
realized and thus no valuation allowance was recorded at December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The Bank’s retained earnings at December 31, 2022 and 2021 included base-year bad debt reserves of $16.1 million.  Base-year 
reserves are subject to recapture in the event the Bank redeems its stock, makes distributions in excess of current and 
accumulated earnings and profits (as calculated for federal income tax purposes), loses its “bank” status or liquidates.  The 

92  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bank has no intention of meeting any of the criteria for recapture.  Accordingly, a deferred income tax liability of $3.4 million 
has not been recorded.

At December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, First Financial had $1.9 million of unrecognized tax benefits, as determined in FASB 
ASC Topic 740-10, Income Taxes, that, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods.  A 
progression of gross unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

Balance at beginning of year

Settlements

Balance at end of year

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

2,386  $ 

2,386  $ 

0 

0 

2,386  $ 

2,386  $ 

3,006 

(620) 

2,386 

The unrecognized tax benefits relate to state income tax exposures where First Financial believes it is likely that, upon 
examination, a state may take a position contrary to the position taken by the Company.  The Company believes that resolution 
regarding our uncertain tax positions is reasonably possible within the next twelve months and could result in full, partial or no 
recognition of the benefit.  First Financial recognizes interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits and penalties as 
income tax expense.  At December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company had no interest or penalties recorded.

First Financial and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as state and local income tax in several 
jurisdictions.  Tax years prior to 2019 have been closed and are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations.  Tax 
years 2019 through 2022 remain open to examination by the federal taxing authority.  With limited exception, First Financial is 
no longer subject to state and local income tax examinations for years prior to 2018.

17. Employee Benefit Plans

Pension plan.  First Financial sponsors a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all employees 
and uses a December 31 measurement date for the plan.  Plan assets were primarily invested in fixed income and equity mutual 
funds.  The pension plan does not directly own any shares of First Financial common stock or any other First Financial security 
or product.

The investment objective of the Plan is to structure the assets to mirror the liabilities of the Plan, with the fixed income 
component matching the identified near and long-term plan distributions and the equity component generating growth of capital 
to meet other future Plan liabilities.  The determination of the overall expected long-term return on plan assets was based on the 
composition of plan assets and long-term asset class return estimates developed by the Plan advisor, as well as a consensus of 
estimates from similarly managed portfolios of expected future returns.

First Financial recorded expense related to its pension plan of $2.0 million for 2022, $3.4 million for 2021 and $2.5 million for 
2020.  The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in Other noninterest 
expense while service costs are recorded as a component Salaries and employee benefits in the Consolidated Statements of 
Income.  

First Financial made no cash contributions to the pension plan in 2022, 2021 or 2020 and does not expect to make any 
contributions in 2023.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  93

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following tables set forth information concerning amounts recognized in First Financial's Consolidated Balance Sheets and 
Consolidated Statements of Income related to the Company's pension plan:

(Dollars in thousands)
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Actuarial (gain) loss
Benefits paid, excluding settlement
Benefit obligation at end of year

Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Benefits paid, excluding settlement

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Assets
Liabilities

Net amount recognized

Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Net actuarial loss
Net prior service cost
Deferred tax assets

Net amount recognized

Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

Accumulated benefit obligation

December 31,

2022

2021

93,271  $ 
9,065 
2,585 
(16,655)   
(8,260)   
80,006 

87,494 
9,128 
2,157 
2,588 
(8,096) 
93,271 

163,382 
(21,673)   
(8,260)   

133,449 

155,704 
15,774 
(8,096) 
163,382 

53,443 
0
53,443  $ 

70,111 
0
70,111 

41,628  $ 
32 
(9,637)   
32,023  $ 

27,264 
(270) 
(6,148) 
20,846 

11,177  $ 

(4,066) 

79,236  $ 

92,316 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

The change in the defined benefit obligations for the period was a result of the liabilities generating gains due to a large 
negative change in the interest crediting rate as well as an increase in the discount rate.  

94  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The components of net periodic benefit cost are shown in the table that follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on assets
Amortization of prior service cost
Recognized net actuarial loss

Net periodic benefit (income) cost

Other changes recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Net actuarial (gain) loss
Prior service cost
Amortization of prior service cost
Amortization of gain

Total recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss)

The pension plan assumptions are shown in the table that follows:

Benefit obligations
Discount rate
Rate of compensation increase
Weighted average interest crediting rate

Net periodic benefit cost
Discount rate
Expected return on plan assets
Rate of compensation increase
Weighted average interest crediting rate

December 31,
2021

2020

2022

$ 

9,065  $ 
2,585 
(10,982) 
(302) 
1,636 
2,002 

9,128  $ 
2,157 
(10,118) 
(413) 
2,611 
3,365 

16,001 
0 
302 
(1,636) 
14,667 

(3,068) 
0 
413 
(2,611) 
(5,266) 

7,932 
2,455 
(9,824) 
(413) 
2,334 
2,484 

(2,001) 
0 
413 
(2,334) 
(3,922) 

$ 

16,669  $ 

(1,901)  $ 

(1,438) 

December 31,
2021

2020

2022

 5.50 %
 3.50 %
 5.20 %

 2.89 %
 7.25 %
 3.50 %
 2.58 %

 2.89 %
 3.50 %
 2.58 %

 2.55 %
 7.25 %
 3.50 %
 2.14 %

 2.55 %
 3.50 %
 2.14 %

 3.33 %
 7.25 %
 3.50 %
 2.82 %

The fair value of the plan assets as of December 31, 2022 by asset category is shown in the table that follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Asset Category

Cash

U. S. Government agencies

Fixed income mutual funds

Equity mutual funds

Total assets in fair value hierarchy

Collective trusts

Fair Value Measurements

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1)

Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$ 

158  $ 

158  $ 

0  $ 

4,602 

47,234 

67,316 

119,310 

14,139 

0 

47,234 

67,316 

114,708 

0 

4,602 

0 

0 

4,602 

0 

Investments at fair value

$ 

133,449  $ 

114,708  $ 

4,602  $ 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair value of the plan assets as of December 31, 2021 by asset category is shown in the table that follows:

(Dollars in thousands)
Asset Category

Cash

U. S. Government agencies

Fixed income mutual funds

Equity mutual funds

Total assets in fair value hierarchy

Collective trusts

Fair Value Measurements

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets 
for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1)

Significant
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$ 

122  $ 

122  $ 

0  $ 

3,535 

63,526 

83,000 

150,183 

13,199 

0 

63,526 

83,000 

146,648 

0 

3,535 

0 

0 

3,535 

0 

Investments at fair value

$ 

163,382  $ 

146,648  $ 

3,535  $ 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

The pension plan utilizes values provided by third-party pricing vendors to price investment securities in accordance with the 
fair value hierarchy of the Fair Value Topic and reviews the pricing methodologies utilized by the pricing vendors to ensure that 
the fair value determination is consistent with the applicable accounting guidance.

The level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant in the fair value measurement.  
The following methods, assumptions and valuation techniques were used by First Financial to measure the financial assets in 
the Company's pension plan.

U.S. Government and Government Agency Securities.  These securities are valued using matrix pricing models developed 
by a third party and consider standard input factors such as observable market data, benchmark yields, interest rate volatilities, 
broker/dealer quotes, credit spreads and new issue data.  Matrix pricing is widely used to value securities without solely
relying on quoted market prices for specific securities (Level 2).  

Mutual funds. Mutual funds held by the pension plan are open-end mutual funds that are registered with the U.S. Securities 
and Exchange Commission and are valued at the daily closing price as reported by the fund.  These funds are required to 
publish their daily net asset value and to transact at that price.  The mutual funds held by the Plan are deemed to be actively 
traded (Level 1).

Collective trusts.  The collective trusts are alternative investments valued at the net asset value of units of the collective trusts.  
The net asset value is used as a practical expedient to estimate fair value and is priced quarterly on a month lag.  This practical 
expedient would not be used if it is determined to be probable that the fund will sell the investment for an amount different 
from the reported net asset value.  Participant transactions (purchases and sales) may occur daily.  If the plan initiates a full 
redemption of the collective trusts, the issuer reserves the right to require 12 months notification in order to ensure that 
securities liquidations will be carried out in an orderly business manner.  

Investments measured at fair value using net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient have not been 
classified in the fair value hierarchy.  The fair value amounts presented in the hierarchy tables for such investments are intended 
to permit reconciliation to the fair value of plan assets at the end of the year.

See Note 23 – Fair Value Disclosures for further information related to the framework for measuring fair value and the fair 
value hierarchy. 

96  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, are expected to be paid:

(Dollars in thousands)

2023

2024

2025

2026

2027

Thereafter

$ 

Expected 
benefit 
payments

5,810 

6,310 

7,056 

6,994 

8,497 

46,009 

401(k) plan.  First Financial sponsors a defined contribution 401(k) plan which covers substantially all employees.  Employees 
may contribute up to 50.0% of their earnings into the plan, not to exceed applicable limitations prescribed by the Internal 
Revenue Service.  First Financial's contributions to the 401(k) plan are discretionary.  The Company made no contributions to 
the 401(k) plan during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 or 2020.  

18. Revenue Recognition

The majority of the Company's revenues come from sources that are outside of the scope of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from 
Contracts with Customers.  Income sources that are outside of this standard include income earned on loans, leases, securities, 
derivatives and foreign exchange.  The Company's services that fall within the scope of ASU 2014-09 are presented within 
Noninterest income and are recognized as revenue when the Company satisfies its obligation to the customer.  Services within 
the scope of this guidance include service charges on deposits, trust and wealth management fees, bankcard income, gain/loss 
on the sale of OREO and investment brokerage fees.

Service charges on deposit accounts.  The Company earns revenues from its deposit customers for transaction-based fees, 
account maintenance fees and overdraft fees.  Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop 
payment charges, statement rendering and ACH fees, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in 
time the Company fulfills the customer's request.  Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, 
are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation.  
Similarly, overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs as this corresponds with the Company's 
performance obligation.  Service charges on deposit accounts are withdrawn from the customer's deposit account. 

Trust and wealth management fees.  Trust and wealth management fees are primarily asset-based, but can also include flat 
fees based upon a specific service rendered, such as tax preparation services.  The Company’s performance obligation is 
generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon the month-end market value of the 
assets under management and the applicable fees.  The Company does not earn performance-based incentives.  Optional 
services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and wealth management 
customers.  The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related 
revenue recognized, as incurred.

Trust and wealth management fees also includes brokerage revenue.  Brokerage revenue represents fees from investment 
brokerage services provided to customers by a third party provider.  The Company receives commissions from the third-party 
service provider on a monthly basis based upon customer activity for the month.  The fees are recognized monthly and a 
receivable is recorded until commissions are paid the following month.  Because the Company (i) acts as an agent in arranging 
the relationship between the customer and the third-party service provider and (ii) does not control the services rendered to the 
customers, investment brokerage fees are presented net of related costs.

Bankcard income.  The Company earns interchange fees from cardholder transactions conducted through the Visa payment 
network.  Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are 
recognized concurrent with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder.  Interchange income is presented on 
the Consolidated Statements of Income net of expenses.  Gross interchange income for 2022 was $29.5 million, and was 
partially offset by $15.1 million of expenses within Noninterest income.  Gross interchange income for 2021 was $27.9 million, 
and was partially offset by $13.6 million of expenses within Noninterest income, while gross interchange income for 2020 was 
$23.9 million, and was partially offset by $12.2 million of expenses within Noninterest income.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  97

 
 
 
 
 
Other.  Other noninterest income includes other recurring revenue streams such as transaction fees, safe deposit rental income, 
insurance commissions, merchant referral income and gain (loss) on sale of OREO.  Transaction fees primarily include check 
printing sales commissions, collection fees and wire transfer fees which arise from in-branch transactions.  Safe deposit rental 
income arises from fees charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment.  Insurance 
commissions are agent commissions earned by the Company and earned upon the effective date of the bound coverage.  
Merchant referral income is associated with a program whereby the Company receives a share of processing revenue that is 
generated from clients that were referred by First Financial to the service provider.  Revenue is recognized at the time when the 
transaction occurs.

The Company records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally 
occurs at the time of the executed deed.  When the Company finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, the Company assesses 
whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectibility of the transaction price 
is probable.  Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is removed and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of 
control of the property to the buyer.

19.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Shareholders’ equity is affected by transactions and valuations of asset and liability positions that require adjustments to 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).  The related tax effects allocated to other comprehensive income and 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows:

December 31, 2022

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

Prior to
reclass

Reclass
from

Pre-tax

Tax effect

Net of tax

Total accumulated
other comprehensive income (loss)

Beginning 
balance

Net activity

Ending 
balance

$  (444,257)  $ 

569  $  (444,826)  $ 

97,863  $  (346,963)  $ 

21,038  $  (346,963)  $  (325,925) 

(Dollars in thousands)

Unrealized gain (loss) on debt 
securities

Retirement obligation

(16,000) 

(1,334) 

(14,666) 

3,489 

(11,177) 

(20,846) 

(11,177) 

(32,023) 

Foreign currency translation

(90) 

0 

(90) 

0 

(90) 

(625) 

(90) 

(715) 

Total

$  (460,347)  $ 

(765)  $  (459,582)  $  101,352  $  (358,230)  $ 

(433)  $  (358,230)  $  (358,663) 

December 31, 2021

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

Prior to
reclass

Reclass
from

Pre-tax

Tax-effect

Net of tax

Total accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)

Beginning 
Balance

Net Activity

Ending 
Balance

$ 

(67,759)  $ 

(759)  $ 

(67,000)  $  14,462 

$ 

(52,538)  $  73,576 

$ 

(52,538)  $ 

21,038 

(Dollars in thousands)

Unrealized gain (loss) on debt 
securities

Retirement obligation

3,068 

(2,198) 

5,266 

(1,200) 

4,066 

(24,912) 

Foreign currency translation

(625) 

0 

(625) 

0 

(625) 

0 

4,066 

(625) 

Total

$ 

(65,316)  $ 

(2,957)  $ 

(62,359)  $  13,262 

$ 

(49,097)  $  48,664 

$ 

(49,097)  $ 

(20,846) 

(625) 

(433) 

December 31, 2020

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

Prior to
reclass

Reclass
from

Pre-tax

Tax-effect

Net of tax

Total accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss)

Beginning 
Balance

Net Activity

Ending 
Balance

$ 

36,643  $ 

(4,563)  $ 

41,206  $ 

(8,894)  $ 

32,312  $ 

41,264  $ 

32,312  $ 

73,576 

(Dollars in thousands)

Unrealized gain (loss) on debt 
securities

Retirement obligation

2,001 

(1,921) 

3,922 

(893) 

3,029 

(27,941) 

3,029 

(24,912) 

Total

$ 

38,644  $ 

(6,484)  $ 

45,128  $ 

(9,787)  $ 

35,341  $ 

13,323  $ 

35,341  $ 

48,664 

98  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table details the activity reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income during the 
period:

Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income (1)

December 31,

(Dollars in thousands)

2022

2021

2020

Realized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale

$ 

569 

$ 

(759)  $ 

(4,563) 

Affected Line Item in the Consolidated 
Statements of Income

Net gain (loss) on sales/transfers of 
investment securities

Defined benefit pension plan

Amortization of prior service cost (2)

Recognized net actuarial loss (2)

302 

413 

413  Other noninterest expense

(1,636) 

(2,611) 

(2,334)  Other noninterest expense

Amortization and settlement charges of defined 
benefit pension items

(1,334) 

(2,198) 

(1,921) 

Total reclassifications for the period, before tax

$ 

(765)  $ 

(2,957)  $ 

(6,484) 

(1)  Negative amounts are debits to profit/loss.
(2)  Included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 17 - Employee Benefit Plans for additional details).

20. Capital

Risk-based capital.  First Financial and its subsidiary, First Financial Bank, are subject to regulatory capital requirements 
administered by federal banking agencies.  Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action 
regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory 
accounting practices.  Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators.  Failure to 
meet minimum capital requirements can initiate regulatory action.

The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System approved Basel III in order to strengthen the regulatory capital 
framework for all banking organizations, subject to a phase-in period for certain provisions.  Basel III established and defined 
quantitative measures to ensure capital adequacy.  These measures require First Financial to maintain minimum amounts and 
ratios of Common equity Tier 1 capital, Total and Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets 
(Leverage ratio).  

Basel III includes a minimum ratio of Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of 7.0% and a fully phased-in 
capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets.  Further, the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets 
is 8.5% and all banks are subject to a 4.0% minimum leverage ratio, while the required Total risk-based capital ratio is 10.50%.  
Failure to maintain the required Common equity Tier 1 capital will result in potential restrictions on a bank’s ability to pay 
dividends, repurchase stock and pay discretionary compensation to its employees.  The capital requirements also provide strict 
eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments and change the method for calculating risk-weighted assets in an effort to 
better identify riskier assets, such as highly volatile commercial real estate and nonaccrual loans.  

As of December 31, 2022, First Financial met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.  To be categorized as 
well-capitalized, First Financial must maintain minimum Total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and Tier 1 leverage 
ratios as set forth in the table that follows.  The Company's most recent regulatory notifications categorized First Financial as 
"well-capitalized" under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  There have been no conditions or events since 
those notifications that management believes have changed the Company's categorization.  Total regulatory capital exceeded 
the minimum requirement by $406.0 million on a consolidated basis at December 31, 2022.

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following tables present the actual and required capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 under the 
Basel III Capital Rules.  Capital levels required to be considered "well capitalized" are based upon prompt corrective action 
regulations, as reflected in the Basel III Capital Rules.

(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2022
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

Actual

Capital
amount

Ratio

Minimum capital
required - Basel III

Capital
amount

Ratio

PCA requirement to be
considered well
capitalized

Capital
amount

Ratio

Consolidated
First Financial Bank

$ 1,399,420 
  1,581,328 

 10.83 % $  904,626 
903,244 
 12.26 %  

 7.00 %
N/A
 7.00 % $  838,726 

N/A
 6.50 %

Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

Consolidated
First Financial Bank

Total capital to risk-weighted assets

Consolidated
First Financial Bank

Leverage

Consolidated
First Financial Bank

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2021

Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

  1,443,698 
  1,581,900 

 11.17 %   1,098,475 
 12.26 %   1,096,796 

N/A
 8.50 %
 8.50 %   1,032,278 

N/A
 8.00 %

  1,762,971 
  1,640,671 

 13.64 %   1,356,939 
 12.71 %   1,354,865 

N/A
 10.50 %
 10.50 %   1,290,348 

N/A
 10.00 %

  1,443,698 
  1,581,900 

 8.89 %  
 9.76 %  

649,636 
648,607 

 4.00 %
 4.00 %  

N/A
810,759 

N/A
 5.00 %

Actual

Minimum capital
required - Basel III

PCA requirement to be
considered well
capitalized

Capital
amount

Ratio

Capital
amount

Ratio

Capital
amount

Ratio

Consolidated

First Financial Bank

$ 1,262,789 

 10.85 % $  814,954 

 7.00 %

N/A

N/A

  1,513,175 

 13.02 %  

813,731 

 7.00 % $  755,607 

 6.50 %

Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets

Consolidated

First Financial Bank

Total capital to risk-weighted assets

Consolidated

First Financial Bank

Leverage

Consolidated

First Financial Bank

  1,306,571 

 11.22 %  

989,587 

 8.50 %

N/A

N/A

  1,513,708 

 13.02 %  

988,102 

 8.50 %  

929,978 

 8.00 %

  1,642,549 

 14.11 %   1,222,431 

 10.50 %

N/A

N/A

  1,589,570 

 13.67 %   1,220,597 

 10.50 %   1,162,473 

 10.00 %

  1,306,571 

 8.70 %  

600,410 

 4.00 %

N/A

N/A

  1,513,708 

 10.10 %  

599,578 

 4.00 %  

749,472 

 5.00 %

Share repurchases.  Effective January 2022, First Financial's board of directors approved a stock repurchase plan (the 2022 
Repurchase Plan), replacing the 2020 Repurchase Plan which became effective in January 2021.  The 2022 Repurchase Plan 
continues for two years and authorizes the purchase of up to 5,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock and will expire 
in December 2023.  First Financial did not repurchase any shares under the 2022 plan during 2022.  

100  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
The 2020 Repurchase Plan replaced the plan that expired on December 31, 2020 (the 2019 Repurchase Plan).  Under the 2020 
Repurchase Plan, First Financial repurchased 4,633,355 shares at an average market price of $23.33 during 2021.   Under the 
2019 Repurchase Plan, First Financial repurchased 880,000 shares at an average market price of $18.96 during 2020.  

21. Stock Options and Awards

First Financial follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, which requires 
measurement of compensation cost for all stock-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognition of compensation 
expense over the service period for all awards expected to vest.  First Financial recorded share-based compensation expense 
within salaries and employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income of $13.4 million, $9.6 million and $7.7 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to stock options and restricted stock awards.  Total 
unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation was $15.6 million at December 31, 2022 and 
is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.95 years.

As of December 31, 2022, First Financial had two active stock-based compensation plans, the Amended and Restated 2012 
Stock Plan and the 2020 Stock Plan.  New awards may only be granted from the 2020 Stock Plan.  At December 31, 2022, there 
were 2,951,070 shares available for issuance under the 2020 Stock Plan.

In April 2018, in conjunction with the MSFG merger, First Financial assumed existing MSFG stock options, which were 
converted into options to purchase 83,551 shares of First Financial common stock.  The converted MSFG options remain 
subject to all of the terms and conditions of the plan and grant agreements under which the MSFG Stock Options were 
originally issued.  The assumed options were exercisable at the time of the merger and remain outstanding for 10 years after the 
initial grant date with all options expiring at the end of the exercise period.  At December 31, 2022, 4,855 options were 
outstanding under the Plan, all of which expire on or before April 10, 2023.

First Financial utilizes the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the fair value of stock options granted.  In addition to 
the stock option strike price, the Black-Scholes valuation model incorporates the following assumptions: the expected dividend 
yield based on historical dividend payouts; the expected stock price volatility based on the historical volatility of Company 
stock for a period approximating the expected life of the options; the risk-free rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in 
effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option; and the expected option life 
represented by the period of time the options are expected to be outstanding, and is based on historical trends.  No new options 
were granted in 2022, 2021 or 2020. 

Stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2022, is summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

Number 
of shares

Outstanding at beginning of year
Granted

Exercised

Forfeited or expired

Outstanding at end of year

Exercisable at end of year

Weighted
average 
exercise price
10.98 
0.00 

20,515  $ 
0  

Weighted average
remaining 
contractual life

Aggregate 
intrinsic value

(15,660)   

0 

4,855  $ 

4,855  $ 

11.32 

0.00 

9.86 

9.86 

0.27 years $ 

0.27 years $ 

70 

70 

The intrinsic value of stock options is defined as the difference between the current market value and the exercise price.  First 
Financial uses treasury shares purchased under the Company's share repurchase program to satisfy share-based exercises.

Total intrinsic value of options exercised

Cash received from exercises

Tax benefit from exercises

2022

2021

2020

$ 

$ 

$ 

208  $ 

177  $ 

114  $ 

64  $ 

86 

72 

3,095  $ 

2,229  $ 

1,776 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Restricted stock awards are recorded at fair value as of the grant date as a component of shareholders' equity and amortized on a 
straight-line basis to salaries and benefits expense over the specified vesting periods, which is currently three years for 
employees and one year for non-employee directors.  The vesting of these awards for employees and non-employee directors 
may require a service period to be met, and certain awards may also require performance measures to be met.  

Activity in restricted stock for the previous three years ended December 31 is summarized as follows:

2022

2021

2020

Number 
of shares

Weighted
 average
grant date
fair value

Nonvested at beginning of year

839,733  $ 

Granted

Vested

Forfeited

945,193 

(407,386)   

(148,194)   

Nonvested at end of year

  1,229,346  $ 

22.30 

23.57 

28.05 

18.40 

21.28 

Number 
of shares

763,283  $ 

539,020 

(386,848)   

(75,722)   

839,733  $ 

Weighted
 average
grant date
fair value

22.04 

22.69 

22.24 

22.86 

22.30 

Number 
of shares

530,569  $ 

503,311 

(233,828)   

(36,769)   

763,283  $ 

Weighted
 average
grant date
fair value

27.19 

18.62 

26.07 

23.79 

22.04 

The fair value of restricted stock is determined based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of First Financial's 
common stock.  The fair value of restricted stock vested during 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $11.4 million, $8.6 million and $6.1 
million, respectively.

22. Earnings per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

2022

2021

2020

Numerator

Net income

Denominator

$  217,612  $  205,160  $  155,810 

Basic earnings per common share - weighted average shares

 93,528,712 

 95,034,690 

 97,363,952 

Effect of dilutive securities

Employee stock awards

  1,058,139 

862,695 

729,146 

Diluted earnings per common share - adjusted weighted average shares

 94,586,851 

 95,897,385 

 98,093,098 

Earnings per share available to common shareholders

Basic

Diluted

$ 

$ 

2.33  $ 

2.30  $ 

2.16  $ 

2.14  $ 

1.60 

1.59 

Stock options and warrants with exercise prices greater than the average market price of the common shares are excluded from 
the computation of net income per diluted share, as they would be antidilutive.  Using the end of period price of the Company's 
common shares, there were no antidilutive options at December 31, 2022, 2021, or 2020.

As of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, First Financial was authorized to issue 10,000,000 preferred shares; however, no 
preferred shares were issued or outstanding. 

23. Fair Value Disclosures

The fair value framework as disclosed in the Fair Value Topic includes a hierarchy which focuses on prioritizing the inputs 
used in valuation techniques.  The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical 
assets or liabilities (Level 1), a lower priority to observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets 

102  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and liabilities (Level 2) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).  When determining the fair value 
measurements for assets and liabilities, First Financial looks to active markets to price identical assets or liabilities whenever 
possible and classifies such items in Level 1.  When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, First 
Financial looks to observable market data for similar assets and liabilities and classifies such items as Level 2.  Certain assets 
and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets and First Financial must use alternative techniques, based on 
unobservable inputs, to determine the fair value and classifies such items as Level 3.  The level within the fair value hierarchy is 
based on the lowest level of input that is significant in the fair value measurement.

The estimated fair values of First Financial's financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring 
basis in the consolidated financial statements were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2022

Financial assets

Carrying

value

Estimated fair value

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Cash and short-term investments

$ 

595,683  $ 

595,683  $ 

595,683  $ 

0  $ 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

Other investments

Loans and leases

Accrued interest receivable

84,021 

143,160 

76,485 

143,160 

  10,165,994 

9,916,353 

63,721 

63,721 

0 

1,171 

0 

0 

76,485 

132,853 

0 

0 

9,136 

0 

9,916,353 

16,233 

47,488 

Financial liabilities

Deposits

Short-term borrowings

Long-term debt

Accrued interest payable

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2021

Financial assets

  12,701,177 

  12,670,747 

0 

  12,670,747 

1,287,156 

1,287,156 

1,287,156 

346,672 

11,150 

348,041 

11,150 

0 

3,835 

0 

348,041 

7,315 

Carrying

Value

Estimated Fair Value

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Cash and short-term investments

$ 

434,842  $ 

434,842  $ 

434,842  $ 

0  $ 

Investment securities held-to-maturity

98,420 

99,898 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

102,971 
9,156,307 
44,627 

102,971 
9,172,111 
44,627 

0 

1,331 
0 
0 

99,898 

92,025 
0 
15,170 

9,615 
9,172,111 
29,457 

  12,871,954 

  12,869,567 

0 

  12,869,567 

296,203 

409,832 

4,498 

296,203 

411,569 

4,498 

296,203 

0 

0 

0 

411,569 

4,498 

0 

0 

0 

0 

The following methods, assumptions and valuation techniques were used by First Financial to measure different financial assets 
and liabilities at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis.

Investment securities.  Investment securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Fair 
value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level 1).  If quoted market prices are not available, fair 
values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar investment securities.  First Financial 
compiles prices from various sources who may apply such techniques as matrix pricing to determine the value of identical or 
similar investment securities (Level 2).  Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the banking industry to value 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  103

Other investments
Loans and leases
Accrued interest receivable

Financial liabilities

Deposits

Short-term borrowings

Long-term debt

Accrued interest payable

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

investment securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific investment securities but rather relying on the 
investment securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted investment securities.  Any investment securities not valued 
based upon the methods previously described are considered Level 3.

First Financial utilizes values provided by third-party pricing vendors to price the investment securities portfolio in accordance 
with the fair value hierarchy of the Fair Value Topic and reviews the pricing methodologies utilized by the pricing vendors to 
ensure that the fair value determination is consistent with the applicable accounting guidance.  First Financial’s pricing process 
includes a series of quality assurance activities where prices are compared to recent market conditions, historical prices and 
other independent pricing services.  Further, the Company periodically validates the fair value of a sample of securities in the 
portfolio by comparing the fair values to prices from other independent sources for the same or similar securities.  First 
Financial analyzes unusual or significant variances, conducts additional research with the pricing vendor, and if necessary, takes 
appropriate action based on its findings.  The results of the quality assurance process are incorporated into the selection of 
pricing providers by the portfolio manager.

Loans held for sale.  The fair value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans held for sale is determined on a recurring 
basis based on quoted prices for similar loans in active markets, and therefore, is classified as Level 2 in the fair value 
hierarchy.

Derivatives.  The fair values of derivative instruments are based primarily on a net present value calculation of the cash flows 
related to the interest rate swaps and foreign exchange contracts at the reporting date, using primarily observable market inputs 
such as interest rate yield curves and currency exchange rates, which represents the cost to terminate the swap if First Financial 
should choose to do so.  Additionally, First Financial utilizes an internally-developed model to value the credit risk component 
of derivative assets and liabilities, which is recorded as an adjustment to the fair value of the derivative asset or liability on the 
reporting date.  Derivative instruments are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Collateral dependent loans.  Collateral dependent loans carried at fair value have been partially charged-off or receive specific 
allocations of the allowance for credit losses.  For collateral dependent loans, fair value is generally based on real estate 
appraisals, a calculation of enterprise value or a valuation of business assets including equipment, inventory and accounts 
receivable.  These loans had a principal amount of $11.9 million and $28.8 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 
2021, respectively, with a valuation allowance of $3.7 million and $9.7 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, 
respectively.

The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal 
conducted by an independent, licensed third-party appraiser (Level 3).  These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach 
or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales approach and the income approach.  Adjustments are routinely 
made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income 
data available.  Collateral is then adjusted or discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market 
conditions from the time of the valuation, and management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business, 
resulting in a Level 3 fair value classification.  Collateral dependent loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional 
write-downs and are adjusted accordingly.

Enterprise value is defined as imputed value for the entire underlying business.  To determine an appropriate range of enterprise 
value, FFB relies on a standardized set of valuation methodologies that take into account future projected cash flows, market 
based multiples as well as asset values.  Valuations involve both quantitative and qualitative considerations and professional 
judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics in addition to other factors that may impact values 
over time (Level 3).

The value of business equipment is based on an outside appraisal, if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable 
borrower financial statements.  Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivable collateral are based on borrower 
financial statement balances or aging reports on a discounted basis as appropriate (Level 3).  

The fair value of collateral dependent loans is measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.  Any fair value adjustments are 
recorded in the period incurred as provision for credit losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

OREO.  Assets acquired through loan foreclosure are recorded at fair value less costs to sell, with any difference between the 
fair value of the property and the carrying value of the loan recorded as a charge-off establishing a new cost basis.  Subsequent 
changes in value are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount and are recorded in noninterest expense.  The carrying 
value of OREO is not re-measured to fair value on a recurring basis, but is subject to fair value adjustments when the carrying 

104  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

value differs from the fair value, less estimated selling costs.  Fair value is based on recent real estate appraisals and is updated 
at least annually.  The Company classifies OREO in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated financial statements, were as 
follows:

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2022

Assets

Fair Value Measurements Using

Assets/
Liabilities

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

at Fair Value

Investment securities available-for-sale

$ 

32,696  $ 

3,341,096  $ 

35,856  $ 

3,409,648 

Loans held for sale

Interest rate derivative contracts

Foreign exchange derivative contracts

Total

Liabilities

Interest rate derivative contracts

Foreign exchange derivative contracts

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2021

Assets

0 

0 

0 

7,918 

152,846 

204,882 

0 

0 

0 

7,918 

152,846 

204,882 

32,696  $ 

3,706,742  $ 

35,856  $ 

3,775,294 

0  $ 

153,119  $ 

0 

204,882 

0  $ 

358,001  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0  $ 

153,119 

204,882 

358,001 

Fair Value Measurements Using

Assets/
Liabilities

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

at Fair Value

Investment securities available-for-sale

$ 

34,776  $ 

4,134,889  $ 

38,181  $ 

4,207,846 

Loans held for sale

Interest rate derivative contracts

Foreign exchange derivative contracts

Total

Liabilities

Interest rate derivative contracts
Foreign exchange derivative contracts

Total

$ 

$ 

$ 

0 

0 

0 

29,482 

92,328 

120,768 

0 

0 

0 

29,482 

92,328 

120,768 

34,776  $ 

4,377,467  $ 

38,181  $ 

4,450,424 

0  $ 
0 

0  $ 

92,444  $ 
120,768 

213,212  $ 

0  $ 
0 

0  $ 

92,444 
120,768 

213,212 

The following table presents a reconciliation for certain AFS securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using 
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

(dollars in thousands)

Beginning balance

Accretion (amortization)

Increase (decrease) in fair value

Purchases (settlements)

Ending balance

December 31, 2022

December 31, 2021

December 31, 2020

$ 

$ 

38,181  $ 

40,575  $ 

(56)   

45 

(2,313)   

35,857  $ 

(38)   

44 

(2,400)   

38,181  $ 

9,190 

1 

(17) 

31,401 

40,575 

Certain financial assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.  Adjustments to the fair market value 
of these assets usually result from the application of fair value accounting or write-downs of individual assets.  The following 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  105

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

table summarizes financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis:

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2022

Assets

Collateral dependent loans

Commercial

Commercial real estate

OREO

Operating leases

(Dollars in thousands)

December 31, 2021

Assets

Collateral dependent loans

Commercial

Commercial real estate

OREO

Fair Value Measurements Using

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

0  $ 

0  $ 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4,240 

4,015 

0 

0 

Fair Value Measurements Using

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

0  $ 

0 

0 

0  $ 

0 

0 

4,449 

14,618 

0 

Fair value option.  First Financial may elect to report most financial instruments and certain other items at fair value on an 
instrument-by instrument basis with changes in fair value reported in net income.  After the initial adoption, the election is 
made at the acquisition of an eligible financial asset, financial liability, or firm commitment or when certain specified 
reconsideration events occur.  The fair value election may not be revoked once an election is made.

The Company elected the fair value option for residential mortgage loans held for sale.  This election allows for a more 
effective offset of the changes in fair values of the loans held for sale and the derivative financial instruments used to financially 
hedge them without having to apply complex hedge accounting requirements.  The fair value of the Company’s residential 
mortgage loans held for sale was determined based on quoted prices for similar loans in active markets.

The aggregate fair value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans held for sale as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $7.9 
million and $29.5 million, respectively.  The aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Company’s residential mortgage loans 
held for sale as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $7.5 million and $27.2 million, respectively.  The resulting difference 
between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining principal balance for loans for which the fair value option has 
been elected was $0.4 million and $2.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Changes in the estimated fair value of residential mortgage loans held for sale are reported as a component of Net gain from 
sales of loans in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.  For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the 
change in fair value of the Company’s residential mortgage loans held for sale was a net loss of $1.9 million and $3.3 million, 
respectively.

24. Business Combination

On December 31, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of Summit Funding Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  Summit is 
a privately held, full service, equipment financing company that originates, purchases, sells and services equipment leases to 
commercial businesses in the United States and Canada.  Upon completion of the transaction, Summit became a subsidiary of 
the Bank and continues to operate as Summit Funding Group, taking advantage of its existing brand recognition within the 
equipment financing industry.  Operating results related to the Summit acquisition were immaterial to 2021 consolidated 
financial statements but are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31,2022.

Pursuant to the purchase agreement, First Financial agreed to acquire all of the issued and outstanding equity securities of 
Summit for aggregate consideration of approximately $127.1 million consisting of $113.5 million in cash and $10.0 million of 
First Financial common stock, and a $3.6 million earn-out payment.  Pursuant to the purchase agreement,  the “earn-out” 

106  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
payments are payable annually for each of the five years following the closing of the acquisition, contingent upon the results of 
Summit's operations.  First Financial incurred expenses related to the Summit acquisition of $0.6 million and $2.6 million 
during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Summit transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting and accordingly, assets acquired, 
liabilities assumed and consideration exchanged were recorded at estimated fair value on the acquisition date in accordance 
with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations.  The fair value measurements of assets acquired and liabilities assumed 
were $185.8 million and $122.5 million, respectively, and included $41.9 million of financing leases and $75.3 million of 
operating leases.  These present value measurements were subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the 
acquisition as additional information relative to closing date fair values become available.  The measurement period ended in  
December 2022.   Goodwill arising from the Summit acquisition was $63.7 million and reflects the business’s high growth 
potential and the expectation that the acquisition will provide additional revenue growth with the expansion of the Bank's 
leasing business.  The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes as the transaction was accounted for as a tax-free 
exchange.  For further detail, see Note 10 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets.

The following table provides the purchase price calculation as of the acquisition date, identifiable assets purchased and  
liabilities assumed at their estimated fair value.  

(Dollars in thousands)

Purchase consideration

Cash consideration

Liabilities paid with cash concurrent with close

Stock consideration

Earn out

Total purchase consideration

Assets acquired

Cash

Finance leases

Premises and equipment

Operating leases

Intangible assets

Other assets

Total assets acquired

Liabilities assumed

Long-term borrowings
Other liabilities

Total liabilities assumed

Net identifiable assets

Goodwill

Summit

$ 

102,994 

10,487 

10,000 

3,606 

127,087 

4,413 

41,894 

707 

75,309 

34,585 

28,927 

185,835 

96,511 
25,973 

122,484 

63,351 

63,736 

$ 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  107

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

25. First Financial Bancorp. (Parent Company Only) Financial Information

Balance Sheets

(Dollars in thousands)
Assets

Cash

Investment securities 

Subordinated notes from subsidiaries

Investment in subsidiaries

Commercial bank

Non-banks

Total investment in subsidiaries

Premises and equipment

Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Short-term borrowings

Subordinated notes

Dividends payable

Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Shareholders’ equity

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

December 31,

2022

2021

$ 

91,013  $ 

49,746 

1,681 

7,500 

1,836 

7,500 

2,161,338 

2,447,095 

11,246 

10,417 

2,172,584 

2,457,512 

283 

86,355 

1,311 

77,132 

$  2,359,416  $  2,595,037 

$ 

0  $ 

20,000 

311,707 

310,864 

1,271 

5,065 

1,042 

4,189 

318,043 

336,095 

2,041,373 

2,258,942 

$  2,359,416  $  2,595,037 

108  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Dollars in thousands)
Income

Interest income

Noninterest income

Net gain (loss) on equity securities

Dividends from subsidiaries

Total income

Expenses

Interest expense

Salaries and employee benefits

Professional services

Other

Total expenses
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed net earnings 

of subsidiaries

Income tax expense (benefit)

Equity in undistributed earnings (loss) of subsidiaries

Net income

Years Ended December 31,

2022

2021

2020

$ 

37  $ 

13 

(156)   

34  $ 

215 

448 

171,900 

171,794 

202,000 

202,697 

27 

0 

272 

81,725 

82,024 

16,624 

13,547 

256 

5,581 

36,008 

15,900 

14,172 

9,784 

2,343 

5,186 

8,004 

1,160 

5,163 

33,213 

28,499 

135,786 

169,484 

(8,523)   

(7,787)   

73,303 

27,889 

53,525 

(6,145) 

96,140 

$ 

217,612  $ 

205,160  $ 

155,810 

Comprehensive income (loss)

$ 

(140,618)  $ 

156,063  $ 

191,151 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Statements of Cash Flows

(Dollars in thousands)
Operating activities

Net income
$ 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Equity in undistributed (earnings) loss of subsidiaries
Depreciation and amortization
Stock-based compensation expense
Unrealized (gain) loss on equity securities
Deferred income taxes
(Decrease) increase in dividends payable
(Decrease) increase  in other liabilities
Decrease (increase) in other assets

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

150,344 

178,614 

Years Ended December 31,
2021

2020

2022

217,612  $ 

205,160  $ 

155,810 

(73,303)   
860 
13,379 
156 
(475)   
229 
634 
(8,748)   

(27,889)   
859 
9,635 
(448)   
(224)   
368 
(751)   
(8,096)   

0 
1,011 
1,011 

(113,152)   

0 

(113,152)   

(20,000)   

20,000 

(96,140) 
712 
7,678 
(272) 
(158) 
(175) 
(22) 
8,907 
76,340 

0 
0 
0 

0 

0 

(10,592)   

150,000 

(86,606)   

0 
177 
(3,659)   
(110,088)   
41,267 
49,746 
91,013  $ 

(87,316)   
(108,077)   

64 
(2,697)   
(188,618)   
(123,156)   
172,902 
49,746  $ 

(89,691) 
(16,686) 
72 
(3,002) 
40,693 
117,033 
55,869 
172,902 

$ 

Investing activities

Capital contributions to subsidiaries
Other

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

Financing activities

  (Decrease) increase in short-term borrowings

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

Cash dividends paid on common stock
Purchases of common stock
Proceeds from exercise of stock options, net of shares purchased
Other

Net cash provided by (used in)  financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash

Cash at beginning of year
Cash at end of year

110  First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Return to Shareholders

The following graph compares the five-year cumulative total return to shareholders of First Financial Bancorp common stock 
with that of companies that comprise the Nasdaq Composite Index and the KBW Regional Bank Index.  The KBW Regional 
Bank Index is comprised of 50 banks headquartered throughout the country and is used frequently by investors when comparing 
First Financial Bancorp's stock performance to that of other similarly sized institutions.  First Financial Bancorp is included in 
the KBW Regional Bank Index.

The following table assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2017 in First Financial Bancorp, the Nasdaq Composite Index and 
the KBW Regional Bank Index, and assumes that dividends are reinvested.

COMPARISON OF FIVE-YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN
AMONG FIRST FINANCIAL BANCORP, NASDAQ COMPOSITE INDEX
AND KBW REGIONAL BANK INDEX

First Financial Bancorp

Nasdaq Composite Index
KBW Regional Bank Index

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

100.00   

100.00   
100.00   

92.44   

97.18   
82.51   

102.88   

132.88   
102.20   

75.21   

192.73   
93.33   

108.74   

235.54   
127.53   

112.42 

158.96 
118.71 

First Financial Bancorp 2022 Annual Report  111

First Financial BancorpNasdaq Composite IndexKBW Regional Bank Index171819202122050100150200250300350 
 
 
shareholder information

Investor Relations
Corporate and investor information, including news 
releases, webcasts, investor presentations, annual reports, 
proxy statements and SEC filings, as well as information 
on the Company’s corporate governance practices are 
available within the Investor Relations section of our 
website at www.bankatfirst.com.

Shareholders, analysts and other investment professionals 
who would like corporate and financial information on First 
Financial Bancorp should contact:

James M. Anderson
Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer 
First Financial Bancorp 
255 East Fifth Street, 29th Floor 
Cincinnati, OH 45202 
(513) 887-5400 
Email: InvestorRelations@bankatfirst.com

Securities and Exchange Commission Filings
All reports filed electronically by First Financial Bancorp 
with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission 
(SEC), including the Annual Report on Form 10-K, 
quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and current reports on 
Form 8-K, as well as any amendments to those reports, 
are accessible at no cost within the Investor Relations 
section of our website at www.bankatfirst.com, or by 
contacting Investor Relations. These filings are also 
accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

Annual Meeting of Shareholders
The virtual annual meeting of shareholders will be held on 
Tuesday, May 23, 2023, at 10 a.m. (EDT).

Common Stock Listing
First Financial Bancorp’s common stock 
trades on the Nasdaq Stock Market 
(NASDAQ) under the symbol FFBC.

Registrar and Transfer Agent
Computershare Shareholder Services serves as the 
registrar and transfer agent for First Financial Bancorp 
common stock for registered shareholders. Shareholder 
account inquiries, including changes of address or 
ownership, transferring stock and replacing lost certificates 
or dividend checks should be directed to Computershare 
Shareholder Services at:

Transfer Agent 
Computershare Shareholder Services
P.O. Box 505000 
Louisville, KY 40233 
(800) 368-5948

Shareholders of record can also access their shareholder 
account records and request information related to their 
shareholder account via the internet. To register for online 
account access, go to:  
www.computershare.com/investor.

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

Shareholders of record holding 25 shares or more are 
eligible to participate in our Dividend Reinvestment Plan. 
Shareholders of record may elect to have cash dividends 
automatically reinvested in additional common shares and 
can also purchase additional common shares by making 
optional cash payments. To obtain a prospectus, enroll in 
the plan, or to contact Investor Relations, please visit  
the Investor Relations section of our website at  
www.bankatfirst.com.

First Financial Bank  
First Financial Center 
255 East Fifth Street 
Cincinnati, OH 45202-4248 

bankatfirst.com

©2023 First Financial Bancorp