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Flushing Financial Corporation

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Ticker ffic
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 571
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FY2023 Annual Report · Flushing Financial Corporation
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Building Rewarding Relationships

2023 ANNUAL REPORT

Flushing Financial Corporation  

(Nasdaq: FFIC) is the holding 

company for Flushing Bank®, an FDIC 

insured, New York State-chartered 

commercial bank that operates 

banking offices in Queens, Brooklyn, 

Manhattan, and on Long Island. The 

Bank has been building relationships 

with families, business owners, and 

communities since 1929. Today, it 

offers the products, services, and 

conveniences associated with large 

commercial banks, including a full 

complement of deposit, loan, 

equipment finance, and cash 

management services. Rewarding 

customers with personalized attention 

and bankers who can communicate in 

the languages prevalent within these 

multicultural markets is what makes  

the Bank uniquely different. As an 

Equal Housing Lender and leader in 

real estate lending, the Bank’s 

experienced lending teams create 

mortgage solutions for real estate 

owners and property managers both 

within and outside the New York City 

metropolitan area. The Bank also 

fosters relationships with consumers 

nationwide through its online banking 

division with the iGObanking® and 

BankPurely® brands.

Financial Highlights

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

At or for the years ended  
December 31,

Selected Financial Condition Data

Total assets

Loans, net

Securities held to maturity

Securities available for sale

Total Securities

Certificates of deposit

Other deposit accounts

Total Deposits

Stockholders’ equity

Dividends paid per common share

Book value per common share

Selected Operating Data

Net interest income

Net income

Basic earnings per common share

Diluted earnings per common share

Selected Financial Ratios and Other Data

Return on average assets

Return on average equity

Interest rate spread

Net interest margin

Efficiency ratio

Equity to total assets

Nonperforming assets to total assets

Allowance for credit losses to gross loans

Allowance for credit losses to total nonperforming loans

Dividend payout ratio

2023

2022

$  8,537,236 

$  8,422,946 

$ 6,866,789 

$  6,894,327 

$ 

72,923 

$  874,753 

$ 

$ 

73,711 

735,357 

$  947,676 

$  809,068 

$  2,311,290 

$ 

1,526,338 

$  4,503,971

$ 4,959,004 

$  6,815,261 

$  6,485,342 

$  669,837 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

0.88

23.21 

179,152 

28,664 

0.96 

0.96 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

677,157 

0.88 

22.97 

243,616 

76,945 

2.50 

2.50 

 0.34 %

 4.25 %

 1.72 %

 2.24 %

 76.72 %

 7.85 %

 0.54 %

 0.58 %

 159.55 %

 91.7 %

 0.93 %

 11.44 %

 2.92 %

 3.11 %

 56.46 %

 8.04 %

 0.63 %

 0.58 %

 124.89 %

 35.2 %

1

To Fellow Shareholders,

2023 was a challenging year, filled with market volatility, a banking crisis, and aggressive 
rate movements by the Federal Reserve (Fed). In March 2023, several large banks faced 
liquidity issues that caused a run on these banks by depositors and ultimately resulted 
in their failure or takeover. These events negatively impacted the banking industry and 
prompted regulators to implement contingent funding plans for the industry. 

Fortunately, due to our strong liquidity ($3.7 billion or 3.4x uninsured and uncollateralized 
deposits as of March 31, 2023) and secure customer base, the impact on Flushing Bank was 
minimal. In fact, deposits increased $250 million in the first quarter of 2023. However, due to 
the Fed’s rate moves, our funding costs were pressured, and our net interest margin (NIM) was 
compressed. To navigate through these challenges, we implemented a multistep action plan in 
the first quarter of 2023, which included moving the Company toward an interest rate neutral 
position that allows the Company to remain profitable under all rate scenarios.

We are pleased to report that we made progress against our action plan throughout 2023, 
despite the challenging environment. Continuing to emphasize key areas of focus in the short 
term produced the following results:

  Strong liquidity and capital ratios were maintained throughout 2023.

  Credit quality continued to be a strength for the Company, with sixteen basis points  
of net charge-offs for the year. 

  Our loan portfolio remained resilient through the credit cycle, with 89% secured by real 
estate, strong debt service coverage ratios, low average loan to values, and controllable 
repricing risk.

  Total average deposits increased 6% year over year. 

  Noninterest-bearing deposits grew $20 million in the second half of the year.

  For the eighth consecutive year, the Kroll Bond Rating Agency reaffirmed our  
investment grade rating.

Total Assets
(in millions)

Net Loan Portfolio
(in millions)

Deposits
(in millions)

Tangible Book 
Value per Share
(in dollars)

$9,000

$7,000

$7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

$24

20

16

12

8

4

0

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

24

20

16

12

8

4

0

’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23

’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23

’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23

’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 ’23

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

2

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

0

Given our progress to date, we are expanding our areas of focus for 2024 to include:

Increasing NIM and reducing volatility

In the fourth quarter of 2023, we delivered sequential GAAP and Core NIM expansion of 
seven and eighteen points, respectively. As this is a multiyear initiative, we will continue to 
make progress in 2024 as assets reprice upward and deposit increases decelerate.

Maintaining credit discipline

Our credit profile has always been conservative, and our risk profile will not change as  
we advance our lending strategy. 

Preserving strong liquidity and capital profile

We have a strong liquidity position with over $4 billion of undrawn lines and resources  
as of December 31, 2023. We will continue to build on this foundation. 

Bending the expense curve

In 2023, we tightened expenses significantly where we could, and this will be an even greater 
focus in 2024. We will continue to review our cost structure to look for opportunities to 
become more efficient to maintain and enhance the resilience of our business as we move 
through the year. 

These expanded areas of focus will guide us through the near-term challenges while positioning 
the Company for long-term profitability.

Rewarding Relationships

Regulators

Customers

Communities

Employees

Investors

In 2024, we anticipate continued competition for deposits, with loan demand remaining low, 
so we will look to grow our low-cost deposits and maintain our traditional conservative 
lending with a focus on floating-rate loans. Our funding strategy will optimize the sources and 
distribution channels to mitigate margin pressure. 

In early 2024, severe operating issues at a major competitor accelerated concerns around two 
major classes of real estate in the New York City market. Weakness in the office market has 
been well documented following post-pandemic patterns of remote work and large credit 
losses predominantly with non-bank lenders. In addition, concerns have accelerated surrounding 
interest rate and expense increases outpacing allowable rent increases in the rent regulated 
sector of multifamily lending. We expect our low exposure to the office market (less than 1% 
of outstandings in the critical Manhattan office sector) and our strong debt service coverage 
ratios (1.8) in the rent regulated multifamily space, along with our traditionally conservative 
underwriting, borrower profile, and granular portfolio will enable us to positively outperform 
the market as we have in prior cycles.

3

The future holds many uncertainties, with one being the Fed’s plan to reduce rates. Despite 
these uncertainties, our core business strategy remains focused on delivering value to our 
stakeholders through these key initiatives:

  Continue to build rewarding customer relationships. Relationships are a core part of our 
culture, and we will continue to deepen relationships with existing customers, establish 
relationships with new customers, and build relationships with local organizations to 
demonstrate our commitment to the communities we serve. We expect that the aforementioned 
issues of a major competitor will provide expanded opportunities for us to grow customer 
relationships. Our activities and results within the Asian markets in the New York metropolitan 
area have continued to be successful and have expanded with our newest branch in 
Bensonhurst, Brooklyn. Enhanced activities in the South Asian markets, with the continued 
growth of our Hicksville branch and new opportunities in other parts of the city, are expected to 
help us build rewarding relationships in that community as well. Our strong employee base  
is critical to these efforts, as we celebrate the diversity of our market by supporting various 
cultural events, such as Lunar New Year, Juneteenth, and Diwali. Our community-minded 
employees give of themselves and support local charities with food and toy drives.

  Enhance the customer experience. To meet and exceed our customers’ expectations, we will 
continue to survey customers to obtain feedback on our service levels at every touchpoint. 
We will continue to increase customer engagement with our digital services that position us 
well competitively and translate to a more efficient delivery channel for the customer.

  Assess and enhance our distribution strategy. Our two new locations in 2023 expanded  
our brand reach in Suffolk County with the Hauppauge branch located in a major industrial 
park and in a key Asian market with the Bensonhurst branch. We plan to continue to 
expand our footprint in 2024 in strategically aligned markets to support our business 
objectives to grow noninterest-bearing deposits and leverage the success of our Asian and 
South Asian market initiatives.

The Company has a long history of success in challenging times, volatile markets, and changing 
economic environments. Our disciplined approach to credit has kept our losses significantly 
lower than the industry, even during difficult times. We expect this trend to continue. 

As always, we appreciate the dedication and commitment of our employees. To our valued 
customers and shareholders, we are honored to serve you, and we thank you for your 
continued trust and support.

Alfred A. DelliBovi  
Chairman of the Board

John R. Buran
President and Chief Executive Officer

4

Building Rewarding Relationships

Nothing is more important to us at 
Flushing Bank than the customers and 
communities we serve. Since 1929, we 
have made a difference in the lives of 
generations of New Yorkers, helping 
people from every background achieve 
their personal and business financial 
goals. We are connected to the 
communities we serve—and in which 
we work and call home—supporting 
diversity and inclusion and helping 
them to flourish.

As a community bank with the products 
and services of a large bank, Flushing 
Bank provides exceptional customer 
service with a highly personalized 
touch. Our philosophy and approach  
to banking relationships is that we are 
“Small enough to know you. Large 
enough to help you.®” Across Queens, 
Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Long Island, 
we have distinguished ourselves as  
a leader in serving multicultural 
neighborhoods, and we proudly 
sponsor cultural and charitable events 
throughout our markets. Going beyond 
what multicultural communities 
typically expect from a banking 
partner, our branches are staffed with 
bankers who can communicate in the 
languages and dialects prevalent within 
our customer base to help ensure a 
first-rate experience. 

Our focus is to invest in our communities 
while helping those around us thrive. 
We have built our business on 
relationships and delivering relevant 
value to our customers and communities, 
and we are committed to building 
rewarding relationships. 

5

Flushing Bank can help you 
bank better, connect with 
your money more easily, 
and achieve your financial 
goals. From personal and 
business banking to lending 
and government banking, 
we offer an array of financial 
services and experienced 
professionals who are ready 
to help and provide a 
rewarding experience. Our 
digital banks, iGObanking 
and BankPurely, strive for 
the same while serving 
consumers nationwide. 

6

Asian Markets
Given our roots in the ethnically 
diverse market of Flushing, we have 
established a strong connection  
with the Asian community. Currently, 
one-third of our branches are located 
in predominantly Asian markets, and  
our bankers, who speak over thirty 
languages, can service customers in 
their preferred languages. We also 
participate in and sponsor many 
culturally relevant events throughout 
the year. 

Banking—Personal  
and Business
Our personal banking products make 
banking easy while helping you save 
time and money. We are here to help 
you achieve what is important to you, 
your family, and your financial future, 
with a full line of personal services to 
choose from supported by the latest 
digital innovations. Our retail branch 
network focuses on providing a 
consistent and superior customer 
experience and expanding relationships 
with our customers in the New York 
metropolitan area. 

Our business banking products are 
designed to simplify banking so you 
can focus on growing your business 
or professional practice. We offer a 
full range of financial solutions for 
companies and practices, large and 
small. Our business team takes the 
time to understand your unique 
situation and gives you options to 
keep your business moving in the right 
direction. From everyday banking to 
specialized professional services, we 
remain committed to bringing you 
the tools you need to succeed. 

Government Banking
Our government banking team is 
composed of dedicated, experienced 
professionals who focus exclusively 
on serving the unique needs of public 
entities, municipalities, and school 
and fire districts across the New York 
area. From deposit products to cash 
management services and much 
more, you will have access to a full 
suite of products—including 
operating and investment accounts, 
traditional collateral options, letters  
of credit, and reciprocal deposits 
with full FDIC coverage—designed  
to maximize revenues.

Lending—Business  
and Real Estate
Our diverse portfolio of lending 
options can help you finance new 
business opportunities and real estate 
purchases. Whether you are an 
entrepreneur, real estate owner, or 
property manager, financing can be 
an integral part of your plan for 
success. We offer a host of lending 
solutions, customized to your needs, 
with competitive rates and terms. Our 
experienced lending professionals 
have a deep understanding of the 
New York market and will collaborate 
with you to help secure the financing 
option that works best for you. 

7

Our goal is to be a reliable 

financial partner small 

enough to place the 

customer at the center  

of everything we do yet 

large enough to offer 

accessibility to the latest 

banking conveniences. 

Plus, with our innovative and 

simple-to-use tools, you can 

seamlessly manage your 

business while managing 

your bank accounts.

8

Business Online 
Banking
Supports your busy schedule by 
providing online features that help 
you keep track of your budget and 
manage your money efficiently. View 
your balance and transactions while 
going paperless with free online 
eStatements and eBills. Simplify your 
financial agenda by accessing your 
online Flushing Bank account 
anytime from your mobile device.

Business Mobile 
Banking
Experience a fast, secure, and 
effortless way to manage and monitor 
your accounts with Flushing Bank 
Business Mobile Banking. The mobile 
banking app gives you access to 
valuable tools and services. Take 
advantage of financial flexibility  
that fits into your schedule—
whenever, wherever.

Remote Deposit
Allows business customers to  
deposit checks into their accounts 
from their offices using a scanner 
attached to their computers. Save 
time and maintain cash flow while 
enjoying the convenience of 
depositing checks anytime.

Cash Management 
Services
Provides Cash Manager Direct 
business customers online access  
to view their account balances  
and transaction details and initiate 
transactions. Flushing Bank Online 
Escrow is a state-of-the-art digital 
tool to assist in the management of 
escrow and subaccount requirements.

Merchant Services
Offers business owners innovative  
payment and point-of-sale solutions  
to help run their businesses more 
efficiently. Flushing Bank’s business 
merchant services can help businesses 
streamline operations, increase 
productivity, and expand their 
customer bases.

9

Our digital platforms provide 

a superior experience, with 

online and mobile solutions 

that offer the latest  

technology and provide 

customers access to their 

personal accounts when and 

where they need it. Explore 

how these simple solutions 

can make your life easier 

and help you put more time 

back into your day.

10

Assisted Service Kiosk 
and Video Banker
Our enhanced self-service ATMs 
manage almost any type of transaction, 
from cashing a check to providing 
cash in preferred denominations. Our 
Video Banker service enables 
customers to chat face-to-face live 
with a banker through a video-chat 
platform. Simply press “Help” on the 
ATM screen to request assistance with 
a wide range of financial transactions.

Online Banking
Flushing Bank Online Banking 
features innovative, simple-to-use 
tools that give you the flexibility to 
manage your account and conduct 
transactions at your convenience, 
24/7. Simplifying money management 
and keeping track of your budget is 
easy. View balances and account 
history, set alerts, automate payments, 
manage your accounts, and much 
more from one online account.

Mobile Banking
Flushing Bank Mobile Banking is the 
fast, secure, and easy way to manage 
your money and monitor your accounts 
on the go. Bank when you want, 
wherever you are, right from your 
smartphone or tablet.

Mobile Check Deposit
Enjoy the flexibility and convenience  
of depositing checks into your 
Flushing Bank account anywhere, 
anytime, with Flushing Bank Mobile 
Check Deposit. It is secure and takes 
just minutes using your iPhone® or 
Android™ smartphone or tablet.

Digital Wallet
Contactless payment methods 
continue to gain popularity.  
Digital wallets allow you to store  
your payment options, such as your 
Flushing Bank Debit Card, allowing  
you to conveniently use your 
smartphone or smartwatch to  
make a purchase.

Zelle®
When timing is everything, send 
money with Zelle®, a fast, safe, and 
easy way to send money to family  
and friends using just a U.S. mobile 
number or email address. Zelle is 
available in the Flushing Bank Mobile 
Banking app.

Zelle® and the Zelle® related marks are wholly owned 
by Early Warning Services, LLC and are used herein 
under license.

11

Corporate Responsibility

Our Company is environmentally 

aware and continues to work to 

reduce our carbon footprint. We are 

committed to helping our multicultural 

communities grow and contributing  

to their social and economic success. 

We strive to be an inclusive and 

bias-free company, where employees 

feel empowered to achieve their full  

potential. The Bank has a leadership 

development program, health and 

wellness programs, diversity and 

inclusion initiatives, and employee 

volunteer engagement efforts. Our 

strong and diverse Board of Directors, 

the majority of whom are independent, 

understand both the industry risks and 

those risks unique to our Bank.

We believe our corporate responsibility 

is all about opening doors for people  

in the community and building 

something that is better for everyone. 

Our Company is committed to enhancing 

our efforts and evolving our strategy 

to support our vision of building 

relationships in our communities while 

delivering rewarding value.

12

2023 FORM 10-K

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF 
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 
Commission file number 001-33013 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of  
incorporation or organization) 

11-3209278 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

220 RXR Plaza, Uniondale, New York 11556 
(Address of principal executive offices) 
(718) 961-5400 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 

Trading Symbol(s) 

Common Stock, $0.01 par value 

FFIC 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None. 

Name of each exchange on which 
registered 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in rule 405 of the Securities Act.         Yes    X        No 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.         Yes    X        No 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to 
such filing requirements for the past 90 days.         X    Yes        No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to 
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
submit and post such files).      X    Yes        No 

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  a  smaller  reporting 
company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging 
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer       
Non-accelerated filer      

Accelerated filer  X    
Smaller reporting company      
Emerging growth company      

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying 

with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.      

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its 
internal control over financial reporting under section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm 
that prepared or issued its audit report.   X   Yes            No 

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the 

registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.       

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 

compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).       
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).         Yes    X        No 
As of June 30, 2023, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter; the aggregate market value of the 
voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $336,406,000. This figure is based on the closing price on that date on the NASDAQ Global 
Select Market for a share of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, which was $12.29. 

The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of February 29, 2024 was 29,067,712 shares. 

Portions of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 29, 2024 are incorporated 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

herein by reference in Part III. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Item 1. Business.  
Item 1A. Risk Factors 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 
Item 1C. Cybersecurity 
Item 2. Properties 
Item 3. Legal Proceedings 
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 

PART I 

PART II 

Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities 
Item 6. Reserved 
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B. Other Information 
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections 

PART III 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
Item 11. Executive Compensation 
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters 
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules 

PART IV 

(a)  1. Financial Statements 
(a)  2. Financial Statement Schedules 
(a)  3. Exhibits Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K 

SIGNATURES 

POWER OF ATTORNEY 

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i 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS 

Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) relating to plans, strategies, 
economic performance and trends, projections of results of specific activities or investments and other statements that are 
not descriptions of historical facts may be forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities 
Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking information is inherently subject 
to risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from those currently anticipated due to a number of 
factors, which include, but are not limited to, factors discussed under the captions “Business — General — Allowance for 
Credit Losses” and “Business — General — Market Area and Competition” in Item 1 below, “Risk Factors” in Item 1A 
below,  in  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations –  Overview”  in 
Item 7 below, and elsewhere in this Annual Report and in other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission from time to time. Forward-looking statements may be identified by terms such as “may,” “will,” 
“should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “goals”, “forecasts,” 
“potential”  or  “continue”  or  similar  terms  or  the  negative  of  these  terms.  Although  we  believe  that  the  expectations 
reflected  in  the  forward-looking  statements  are  reasonable,  we  cannot  guarantee  future  results,  levels  of  activity, 
performance or achievements. We have no obligation to update these forward-looking statements. 

PART I 

As used in this Report, the words “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are used to refer to Flushing Financial 
Corporation  (the  “Holding  Company”)  and  its  direct  and  indirect  wholly  owned  subsidiaries,  Flushing  Bank  (the 
“Bank”), Flushing Service Corporation, FSB Properties Inc., and Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation, which was 
dissolved as of June 30, 2021. 

Item 1.    Business. 

Overview 

GENERAL 

The Holding Company is a Delaware corporation organized in 1994. The Bank was organized in 1929 as a New 
York State-chartered mutual savings bank. Today the Bank operates as a full-service New York State commercial bank. 
Our  primary  business  is  the  operation  of  the  Bank.  The  Bank  owned  two  subsidiaries  during  2023:  Flushing  Service 
Corporation and FSB Properties Inc. The Bank also operates an internet branch (the “Internet Branch”), which operates 
under the brands of iGObanking.com® and BankPurely®. The activities of the Holding Company are primarily funded by 
dividends, if any, received from the Bank, issuances of subordinated debt and junior subordinated debt, and issuances of 
equity  securities.  The  Holding  Company’s  common  stock  is  traded  on  the  NASDAQ  Global  Select  Market  under  the 
symbol “FFIC.” 

The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and 
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed to issue a total of 
$60.0  million  of  capital  securities  and  $1.9  million  of  common  securities  (which  are  the  only  voting  securities).  The 
Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance of 
these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in our 
consolidated financial statements as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur. 

Unless otherwise disclosed, the information presented in this Annual Report reflects the financial condition and 
results of operations of the Company. Management views the Company as operating a single unit – a community bank. 
Therefore, segment information is not provided. At December 31, 2023, the Company had total assets of $8.5 billion, 
deposits of $6.8 billion and stockholders’ equity of $0.7 billion. 

1 

 
 
 
Our principal business is attracting retail deposits from the general public and investing those deposits together 
with funds generated from ongoing operations and borrowings, primarily in (1) originations and purchases of multi-family 
residential properties loans, commercial business loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-
to-four family loans (focusing on mixed-use properties, which are properties that contain both residential dwelling units 
and  commercial  units);  (2)  construction  loans;  (3)  Small  Business  Administration  (“SBA”)  loans;  (4)  mortgage  loan 
surrogates such as mortgage-backed securities; and (5) U.S. government securities, corporate fixed-income securities and 
other  marketable  securities.  We  also  originate  certain  other  consumer  loans  including  overdraft  lines  of  credit.  At 
December  31, 2023, we  had gross  loans outstanding of $6,898.3 million, with  gross mortgage  loans  totaling $5,425.6 
million,  or  78.7%  of  gross  loans,  and  commercial  business  loans  totaling  $1,472.7  million,  or  21.3%  of  gross  loans. 
Mortgage  loans  are  primarily  multi-family,  commercial  and  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  properties,  which  represent 
74.6%  of  gross  loans.  Our  revenues  are  derived  principally  from  interest  on  loans,  our  mortgage-backed  securities 
portfolio, and interest and dividends on other investments in our securities portfolio. Our primary sources of funds are 
deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) borrowings, principal and interest payments on loans, 
mortgage-backed, other securities and to a lesser extent proceeds from sales of securities and loans. The Bank’s primary 
regulator is the New York State Department of Financial Services (“NYDFS”), and its primary federal regulator is the 
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). Deposits are insured to the maximum allowable amount by the FDIC. 
Additionally, the Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system. 

Non-performing loans totaled $25.2 million, $32.4 million, and $14.9 million at December 31, 2023, 2022, and 
2021,  respectively.  We  had  net  charge-offs  of  non-performing  loans  in  2023  totaling  $10.8  million  compared  to  $1.5 
million  and  $3.1  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2022,  and  2021,  respectively.  The  Company  recorded  a 
provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans totaling $10.5 million, $4.8 million, and ($4.9) million for the years ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The provision recorded in 2023 was driven by fully reserving for two 
non-accrual  business  loans  and  increasing  reserves  for  the  elevated  risk  presented  by  the  current  rate  environment  to 
adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage ratios. The provision recorded in 2022 was primarily due to loan growth, increased 
reserves on specific credits, coupled with the ongoing environmental uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation 
including increasing interest rates. The benefit recorded in 2021 was primarily due to improving economic conditions. 

Market Area and Competition 

We are a community oriented commercial bank offering a wide variety of financial services to meet the needs of 
the communities we serve. The Bank’s main office and its executive offices are in Uniondale, New York, located in Nassau 
County. At December 31, 2023, the Bank operated 27 full-service offices and the Internet Branch. We have offices located 
in the New York City Boroughs of Queens, Brooklyn, and Manhattan, and in Nassau and Suffolk County, New York. The 
vast majority of all of our mortgage loans are secured by properties located in the New York City metropolitan area. 

We face intense competition both in making loans and in attracting deposits. Our market area has a high density 
of financial institutions, many of which have greater financial resources, name recognition and market presence than we 
do, and all of which are competitors to varying degrees. Particularly intense competition exists for deposits, as we compete 
with 108 banks and thrifts in the counties in which we have branch locations. Our market share of deposits, as of June 30, 
2023, in these counties was 0.35% of the total deposits of these FDIC insured competing financial institutions, and we are 
the 23rd largest financial institution.1 In addition, we compete with credit unions, the stock market and mutual funds for 
customers’ funds. Competition for deposits in our market and for national brokered deposits is primarily based on the 
types of deposits offered and rate paid on the deposits. Particularly intense competition also exists in all of the lending 
activities we emphasize. 

In  addition  to  the  financial  institutions  mentioned  above,  we  compete  against  mortgage  banks  and  insurance 
companies located both within our market and available on the internet. Competition for loans in our market is primarily 
based on the types of loans offered and the related terms for these loans, including fixed-rate versus adjustable-rate loans 
and the interest rate on the loan. For adjustable-rate loans, competition is also based on the repricing period, the index to 
which the rate is referenced, and the spread over the index rate. Also, competition is influenced by the ability of a financial 
institution to respond to customer requests and to provide the borrower with a timely decision to approve or deny the loan 
application. The internet banking arena also has many larger financial institutions which have greater financial resources, 
name recognition and market presence than we do. Our future earnings prospects will be affected by our ability to compete 

1 Per June 2023 FDIC Summary of Deposits for the New York State Counties of New York, Kings, Queens, Nassau and Suffolk 

2 

 
 
effectively with other financial institutions and to implement our business strategies. Our strategy for attracting deposits 
includes using various marketing techniques, delivering enhanced technology and customer friendly banking services, and 
focusing on the unique personal and small business banking needs of the multi-ethnic communities we serve. Our strategy 
for attracting new loans is primarily dependent on providing timely response to applicants and maintaining a network of 
quality  brokers  and  other  business  sources.  See  “Risk  Factors –  The  Markets  in  Which  We  Operate  Are  Highly 
Competitive” included in Item 1A of this Annual Report. 

For a discussion of our business strategies, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 

and Results of Operations — Overview — Management Strategy” included in Item 7 of this Annual Report.  

Lending Activities 

Loan Portfolio Composition. Our loan portfolio consists primarily of mortgage loans secured by multi-family 
residential, commercial real estate, one-to-four family mixed-use property, one-to-four family residential property, and 
commercial business loans. In addition, we also offer construction loans, SBA loans and other consumer loans. Most of 
our mortgage loans are secured by properties located within our market area.  

We have focused our loan origination efforts on multi-family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate 
and  commercial  business  loans  with  full  banking  relationships.  All  of  these  loan  types  generally  include  prepayment 
penalties that we collect if the loans pay in full prior to the contractual maturity. We expect to continue this emphasis 
through  marketing  and  by  maintaining  competitive  interest  rates  and  origination  fees.  Our  marketing  efforts  include 
frequent contact with mortgage brokers and other professionals who serve as referral sources. 

Fully underwritten one-to-four family residential mortgage loans generally are considered by the banking industry 
to have less risk than other types of loans. Multi-family residential, commercial real estate and one-to-four family mixed-
use property mortgage loans generally have higher yields than one-to-four family residential property mortgage loans and 
shorter terms to maturity, but typically involve higher principal amounts and may expose the lender to a greater risk of 
credit  loss  than  one-to-four  family  residential  property  mortgage  loans.  The  greater  risk  associated  with  multi-family 
residential, commercial real estate and one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans could require us to increase 
our provisions for credit losses and to maintain an allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans in excess of 
the allowance we currently maintain. We continually review the composition of our mortgage loan portfolio to manage 
the risk in the portfolio. See “General – Overview” in this Item 1 of this Annual Report. 

Our loan portfolio consists of adjustable-rate (“ARM”) and fixed-rate loans. Interest rates we charge on loans are 
affected primarily by the demand for such loans, the supply of money available for lending purposes, the rate offered by 
our competitors and the creditworthiness of the borrower. Many of those factors are, in turn, affected by local, regional 
and national economic conditions, and the fiscal, monetary and tax policies of the federal, state and local governments. 

In general, consumers show a preference for ARM loans in periods of high interest rates and for fixed-rate loans 
when interest rates are low. In periods of declining interest rates, we may experience refinancing activity in ARM loans, 
as borrowers show a preference to lock-in the lower rates available on fixed-rate loans. In the case of ARM loans we 
originated, volume and adjustment periods are affected by the interest rates and other market factors as discussed above 
as well as consumer preferences. We have not in the past, nor do we currently, originate ARM loans that provide for 
negative amortization. 

Most of our commercial business loans are generated by the Company’s business banking group which focuses 
on  loan  and  deposit  relationships  to  businesses  located  within  our  market  area.  These  loans  are  generally  personally 
guaranteed by the owners, and may be secured by the assets of the business, which at times may include real estate. The 
interest rate on these loans are generally adjustable based on a published index. These loans, while providing us a higher 
rate of return, also present a higher level of risk. The greater risk associated with commercial business loans could require 
us to increase our provision for credit losses, and to maintain an allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans 
in excess of the allowance we currently maintain. 

3 

 
At times, we may purchase whole or participations in loans from banks, mortgage bankers and other financial 
institutions when the loans complement our loan portfolio strategy. Loans purchased must meet our underwriting standards 
when they were originated. Our lending activities are subject to federal and state laws and regulations. See “— Regulation.” 

The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated: 

2023 

2022 

At December 31,  
2021 

2020 

2019 

      Amount 

      of Total        Amount 

      of Total        Amount 

      of Total        Amount 

      of Total        Amount 

Percent   

Percent   

Percent   

Percent   

Percent    
      of Total    

(Dollars in thousands) 

Mortgage Loans: 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate (1) 
One-to-four family - mixed-use 
property 
One-to-four family - residential  
Construction 

Gross mortgage loans 

Commercial business loans: 

Small Business Administration   
Taxi medallion 
Commercial business and other   
Gross commercial business 
loans 
Gross loans 

Unearned loan fees and deferred 
costs, net 
Unallocated portfolio layer basis 
adjustments (2) 
Less: Allowance for credit losses   

Loans, net 

$  2,658,205   
    1,958,252   

 38.53 %   $  2,601,384   
    1,913,040   
 28.39  

 37.57 %   $  2,517,026   
    1,775,629   
 27.62  

 37.94 %   $  2,533,952   
    1,754,754   
 26.77  

 37.81 %   $  2,238,591   
    1,582,008   
 26.18  

 530,243   
 220,213   
 58,673   
    5,425,586   

 7.69  
 3.19  
 0.85  
 78.65  

 554,314   
 241,246   
 70,951   
    5,380,935   

 8.00  
 3.48  
 1.02  
 77.69  

 571,795   
 276,571   
 59,761   
    5,200,782   

 8.62  
 4.17  
 0.90  
 78.40  

 602,981   
 253,262   
 83,322   
    5,228,271   

 9.00  
 3.78  
 1.24  
 78.01  

 592,471   
 196,879   
 67,754   
    4,677,703   

 20,205   
 —   
    1,452,518   

 0.29  
 —  
 21.06  

 23,275   
 —   
    1,521,548   

 0.34  
 —  
 21.97  

 93,811   
 —   
    1,339,273   

 1.41  
 —  
 20.19  

 167,376   
 2,757   
    1,303,225   

 2.50  
 0.04  
 19.45  

 14,445   
 3,309   
    1,061,478   

 38.88 %
 27.48  

 10.29  
 3.42  
 1.18  
 81.25  

 0.25  
 0.06  
 18.44  

    1,472,723   
    6,898,309   

 21.35  
    1,544,823   
 100.00 %       6,925,758   

 22.31  
    1,433,084   
 100.00 %       6,633,866   

 21.60  
    1,473,358   
 100.00 %       6,701,629   

 21.99  
    1,079,232   
 100.00 %       5,756,935   

 18.75  
 100.00 %

 9,590   

 9,011   

 4,239   

 3,045   

 15,271   

 (949)   
 (40,161)   
$  6,866,789  

 —   
 (40,442)  
$  6,894,327  

 —   
 (37,135)  
$  6,600,970  

 —   
 (45,153)  
$  6,659,521   

 —   
 (21,751)  
$  5,750,455   

(1)  Balance consists almost exclusively of investor commercial real estate (non-owner occupied). Owner-occupied commercial real estate represents less than 1.0% of the 

total for each period shown. 

(2)  This amount represents portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to loans hedged in a closed portfolio. Under generally accepted accounting principles in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”) portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual loans, however, the amounts impact the net loan balance. 
These basis adjustments would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans within the pool if the hedge was de-designated. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial 
Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

In the table above, commercial business and other loans include owner-occupied commercial real estate totaling $707.6 
million, $732.0 million, $624.0 million, $498.2 million and $340.8 million at December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020 and 
2019, respectively. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
     
    
 
    
    
 
    
    
 
    
    
 
    
   
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
     
   
  
    
   
  
    
   
  
    
   
  
    
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
The following table sets forth our loan originations (including the net effect of refinancing) and the changes in 

our portfolio of loans, including purchases, sales and principal reductions for the years indicated: 

(In thousands) 
Mortgage Loans 
At beginning of period 
Mortgage loans originated: 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family mixed-use property 
One-to-four family residential 
Construction 

Total mortgage loans originated 

Mortgage loans purchased: 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family residential 
Construction 

Total mortgage loans purchased 

Less: 

Principal reductions  
Mortgage loan sales 
Charge-Offs 
At end of period 

Commercial business loans 
At beginning of period 
Loans originated: 

Small Business Administration 
Commercial business 
Other 

Total other loans originated 

Commercial business loans purchased: 

Commercial business 

Total commercial business loans purchased 

Less: 

Commercial business sales 
Principal reductions  
Charge-offs  
At end of period 

For the years ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

$ 

 5,380,935  

$ 

 5,200,782  

$ 

 5,228,271 

 232,715  
 184,382  
 20,097  
 6,883  
 34,253  
 478,330  

 —  
 —  
 128  
 128  

 474,409  
 308,455  
 37,598  
 25,059  
 28,732  
 874,253  

 —  
 —  
 2,860  
 2,860  

 246,964 
 140,948 
 41,110 
 13,009 
 26,375 
 468,406 

 27,534 
 57,952 
 11,749 
 97,235 

 424,734  
 9,042  
 31  
 5,425,586  

$ 

 665,377  
 31,355  
 228  
 5,380,935  

$ 

 565,606 
 27,384 
 140 
 5,200,782 

$ 

$ 

 1,544,823  

$ 

 1,433,084  

$ 

 1,473,358 

 2,300  
 166,391  
 4,715  
 173,406  

 166,216  
 166,216  

 3,461  
 364,177  
 4,402  
 372,040  

 143,363 
 375,508 
 4,594 
 523,465 

 272,841  
 272,841  

 164,856 
 164,856 

 —  
 400,598  
 11,124  
 1,472,723  

$ 

 300  
 530,750  
 2,092  
 1,544,823  

$ 

 — 
 723,601 
 4,994 
 1,433,084 

$ 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
  
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
Loan Maturity and Repricing. The following table shows the maturity of our total loan portfolio at December 31, 

2023. Scheduled repayments are shown in the maturity category in which the payments become due. 

(In thousands) 

Amounts due within one year 
Amounts due after one year: 

One to two years 
Two to three years 
Three to five years 
Five to fifteen years 
Over fifteen years 

Total due after one year 

Gross loans 

Mortgage loans 
  One-to-four   
family 

  Commercial business loans 

  Multi-family    Commercial    mixed-use 

  Commercial 
  One-to-four   
business 
family 
residential       real estate       property       residential     Construction   Administration      and other 

 Small Business   

     Total loans 

  $ 

 359,772   $  373,483    $ 

 48,171    $ 

 16,843    $ 

 50,379    $ 

 3,474    $ 

 467,807     $  1,319,929 

 289,535  
 269,431   
 499,102  
    1,057,022   
 183,343  
    2,298,433   

 257,971   
 220,296   
 377,565   
 706,407   
 22,530   
   1,584,769   

 47,051   
 46,497   
 88,816   
 225,788   
 73,920   
    482,072   

 14,006   
 12,893   
 24,191   
 84,014   
 68,266   
    203,370   

  $   2,658,205    $ 1,958,252    $   530,243    $   220,213    $ 

 4,869     
 1,456     
 1,969     
 —     
 —     
 8,294      
 58,673    $ 

 904,516 
 289,052       
 2,032   
 206,073       
 757,738 
 1,092   
 249,177        1,242,262 
 1,442   
 238,303        2,319,127 
 7,593   
 354,737 
 4,572   
 16,731   
 984,711        5,578,380 
 20,205    $   1,452,518     $  6,898,309 

 2,106       

Sensitivity of loans to changes in interest rates - 
loans due after one year: 

Fixed rate loans 
Adjustable rate loans  

Total loans due after one year (1) 

  $ 

 291,511    $

 98,364    $   165,078    $ 

    2,006,922   

   1,486,405   

 316,994   

 19,711    $ 
 183,659   

  $   2,298,433    $ 1,584,769    $   482,072    $   203,370    $ 

 —    $ 
 8,294     
 8,294    $ 

 1,254    $ 
 15,477   
 16,731    $ 

 581,875     $  1,157,793 
 402,836        4,420,587 
 984,711     $  5,578,380 

(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $0.9 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at 
December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Multi-family Residential Lending. Loans secured by multi-family residential properties were $2,658.2 million, or 
38.53%  of  gross  loans,  at  December 31,  2023.  Our  multi-family  residential  mortgage  loans  had  an  average  principal 
balance of $1.2 million at December 31, 2023, and the largest multi-family residential mortgage loan held in our portfolio 
had a principal balance of $28.0 million. We offer both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate multi-family residential mortgage 
loans, with maturities of up to 30 years. 

In underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans, we review the expected net operating income generated 
by the real estate collateral securing the loan, the age and condition of the collateral, the financial resources and income 
level of the borrower and the borrower’s experience in owning or managing similar properties. We typically require debt 
service coverage of at least 125% of the monthly loan payment. The weighted average debt service coverage ratio for this 
portfolio is approximately 180% based on the most recent annual loan review. We generally originate these loans up to 
only 75% of the appraised value or the purchase price of the property, whichever is less. Any loan with a final loan-to-
value ratio in excess of 75% must be approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “Bank Board of Directors”) or 
the Loan Committee as an exception to policy. The average loan to value ratio for this loan portfolio is approximately 
30.6% based on the most recent appraisal and the loan balance at December 31, 2023. We generally rely on the income 
generated by the property as the primary means by which the loan is repaid. However, personal guarantees may be obtained 
for  additional  security  from  these  borrowers.  We  typically  order  an  environmental  report  on  our  multi-family  and 
commercial real estate loans. 

Loans  secured  by  multi-family  residential  property  generally  involve  a  greater  degree  of  risk  than  residential 
mortgage  loans  and  carry  larger  loan  balances.  The  increased  credit  risk  is  the  result  of  several  factors,  including  the 
concentration  of  principal  in  a  smaller  number  of  loans  and  borrowers,  the  effects  of  general  economic  conditions  on 
income producing properties and the increased difficulty in evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, 
the repayment of loans secured by multi-family residential property is typically dependent upon the successful operation 
of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property being the entity’s only asset. If the cash 
flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If the borrower defaults, our 
only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value may be less than the balance due on the 
related  mortgage  loan.  Loans  secured  by  multi-family  residential  property  also  may  involve  a  greater  degree  of 
environmental risk. We seek to protect against this risk through obtaining an environmental report. See “Asset Quality — 
Environmental Concerns Relating to Loans.” 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2023, $2,262.6 million, or 85.12%, of our multi-family mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans. 
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods typically of five years and for terms of up to 30 years. Interest rates on ARM 
loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the 
FHLB-NY corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, due to competitive forces, we may originate ARM 
loans at an initial rate lower than the fully indexed rate as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment 
period. Multi-family adjustable-rate mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either 
on an adjustment period or aggregate basis over the life of the loan; however, the loans generally contain interest rate 
floors. We originated and purchased multi-family ARM loans totaling $210.5 million, $392.0 million, and $188.7 million 
during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

At December 31, 2023, $395.6 million, or 14.88%, of our multi-family mortgage loans consisted of fixed rate 
loans. Our fixed-rate multi-family mortgage loans are generally originated for terms up to 15 years and are competitively 
priced based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $22.2 million, $82.4 million, and 
$58.3 million of fixed-rate multi-family mortgage loans in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

The following table shows the geographic distribution of our multi-family portfolio at December 31, 2023: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Brooklyn 
Manhattan 
Queens 
Bronx 
New York State (excluding NYC) 
Other states 
Staten Island 

Total 

Amount 

Percent  
of Total 

$ 

$ 

 795,994  
 560,857  
 467,575  
 411,640  
 303,998  
 106,690  
 11,451  
 2,658,205  

29.94 % 
21.10  
17.59  
15.49  
11.44  
4.01  
0.43  
 100.00 % 

Commercial Real Estate Lending. Loans secured by commercial real estate were $1,958.3 million, or 28.39% of 
gross  loans,  at  December 31,  2023.  Our  commercial  real  estate  mortgage  loans  are  secured  by  properties  such  as 
hotels/motels, small business facilities, strip shopping centers, warehouses, and office buildings. At December 31, 2023, 
our commercial real estate mortgage loans had an average principal balance of $2.5 million and the largest of such loans 
had a principal balance of $30.2 million. Commercial real estate mortgage loans are generally originated in a range of 
$100,000 to $10.0 million. 

In  underwriting  commercial  real  estate  mortgage  loans,  we  employ  the  same  underwriting  standards  and 
procedures as are employed in underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans. The weighted average debt service 
coverage ratio for this portfolio is approximately 180% based on the most recent annual loan review. The weighted average 
loan to value ratio for this portfolio is approximately 42.7% based on the most recent appraisal and the loan balance at 
December 31, 2023. 

Our  commercial  real  estate  loans  are  primarily  investor  properties  (non-owner  occupied)  which  are  generally 
considered to have higher credit risk than multi-family lending. The repayment of principal is primarily dependent on the 
successful operation of the underlying tenant’s business.  

At December 31, 2023, $1,760.8 million, or 89.92%, of our commercial mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans. 
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods of one to five years and generally for terms of up to 15 years. Interest rates 
on ARM loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread 
above the FHLB-NY corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial 
rate lower than the index as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment period. Commercial adjustable-
rate mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either on an adjustment period or 
aggregate  basis  over  the  life  of  the  loan;  however,  the  loans  generally  contain  interest  rate  floors.  We  originated  and 
purchased commercial ARM loans totaling $172.1 million, $273.1 million, and $148.8 million during 2023, 2022, and 
2021, respectively. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
At December 31, 2023,  $197.5 million, or  10.08%,  of  our  commercial  mortgage  loans  consisted  of fixed-rate 
loans. Our fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans are generally originated for terms up to 20 years and are competitively 
priced based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $12.2 million, $35.4 million, and 
$19.6 million of fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

The  following  table  shows  the  diversification  of  our  investor  property  commercial  real  estate  loans  by  major 

industry at December 31, 2023: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

General Commercial 
Strip Mall 
Shopping Center 
Single Tenant Retail 
Industrial 
Office Multi Tenant 
Commercial Special Use 
Health Care / Medical Use 
Office Single Tenant 

Total (1) 

Amount 

Percent  
of Total 

$ 

$ 

 546,645  
 380,028  
 360,918  
 169,142  
 146,285  
 117,984  
 98,405  
 95,553  
 43,292  
 1,958,252  

 27.91 % 
 19.41  
 18.43  
 8.64  
 7.47  
 6.02  
 5.03  
 4.88  
 2.21  
 100.00 % 

(1) 

Includes owner-occupied commercial real estate totaling $1.6 million representing 0.84% of total commercial real estate. 

One-to-Four Family Mortgage Lending – Mixed-Use Properties. We offer mortgage loans secured by one-to-
four family mixed-use properties. These properties contain up to four residential dwelling units and include a commercial 
component.  We  offer  both  fixed-rate  and  adjustable-rate  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property  mortgage  loans  with 
maturities of up to 30 years and a general maximum loan amount of $1.0 million. One-to-four family mixed-use property 
mortgage loans were $530.2 million, or 7.69% of gross loans, at December 31, 2023. 

In  underwriting  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property  mortgage  loans,  we  employ  the  same  underwriting 

standards as are employed in underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
At December 31, 2023, $340.6 million, or 64.23%, of our one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans 
consisted of ARM loans. We offer adjustable-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans with adjustment 
periods typically of five years and for terms of up to 30 years. Interest rates on ARM loans currently offered by the Bank 
are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the FHLB-NY corresponding 
Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial rate lower than the index as a result 
of  a  discount  on  the  spread  for  the  initial  adjustment  period.  One-to-four  family  mixed-use  property  adjustable-rate 
mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either on an adjustment period or aggregate 
basis over the life of the loan; however, the loans generally contain interest rate floors. We originated and purchased one-
to-four family mixed-use property ARM loans totaling $8.7 million, $15.7 million, and $15.1 million during 2023, 2022, 
and 2021, respectively. 

At December 31, 2023, $189.7 million, or 35.77%, of our one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans 
consisted of fixed-rate loans. Our fixed-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans are originated for terms 
of up to 15 years and are competitively priced based on market conditions and the Bank’s cost of funds. We originated 
and  purchased  $11.4  million,  $21.9  million,  and  $26.0  million  of  fixed-rate  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property 
mortgage loans in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

One-to-Four Family Mortgage Lending – Residential Properties. We offer mortgage loans secured by one-to-
four family residential properties, including townhouses and condominium units. For purposes of the description contained 
in this section, one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, co-operative apartment loans and home equity loans are 
collectively referred  to herein  as  “residential  mortgage  loans.”  We offer both fixed-rate  and  adjustable-rate residential 
mortgage  loans  with  maturities  of  up  to  30 years  and  a  general  maximum  loan  amount  of  $1.0  million.  Residential 
mortgage loans were $220.2 million, or 3.19% of gross loans, at December 31, 2023. 

We generally originate residential mortgage loans in amounts up to 80% of the appraised value or the sale price, 
whichever is less. Private mortgage insurance is required whenever loan-to-value ratios exceed 80% of the appraised value 
of the property securing the loan. 

At December 31, 2023, $197.4 million, or 89.66%, of our residential mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans. 
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods of one, three, five, seven or ten years. Interest rates on ARM loans currently 
offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the FHLB-NY 
corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial rate lower than the 
index as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment period. ARM loans generally are subject to limitations 
on interest rate increases of 2% per adjustment period and an aggregate adjustment of 6% over the life of the loan and have 
interest rate floors. We originated and purchased residential ARM loans totaling $6.5 million, $21.7 million, and $70.2 
million during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

The retention of ARM loans in our portfolio helps us reduce our exposure to interest rate risks. However, in an 
environment  of  rapidly  increasing  interest  rates,  it  is  possible  for  the  interest  rate  increase  to  exceed  the  maximum 
aggregate adjustment on one-to-four family residential ARM loans and negatively affect the spread between our interest 
income and our cost of funds. 

ARM loans generally involve credit risks different from those inherent in fixed-rate loans, primarily because if 
interest rates rise, the underlying payments of the borrower rise, thereby increasing the potential for default. However, this 
potential risk is lessened by our policy of originating one-to-four family residential ARM loans with annual and lifetime 
interest rate caps that limit the increase of a borrower’s monthly payment. 

At December 31, 2023, $22.8 million, or 10.34%, of our residential mortgage loans consisted of fixed-rate loans. 
Our fixed-rate residential mortgage loans typically are originated for terms of 15 and 30 years and are competitively priced 
based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $0.4 million, $3.3 million, and $0.8 million 
in fixed-rate residential mortgages in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.  

At December 31, 2023, home equity loans totaled $19.2 million, or 0.28%, of gross loans. Home equity loans are 
included in our portfolio of residential mortgage loans. These loans are offered as adjustable-rate “home equity lines of 
credit” on which interest only is due for an initial term of 10 years and thereafter principal and interest payments sufficient 
to liquidate the loan are required for the remaining term, not to exceed 30 years. These adjustable “home equity lines of 

9 

credit” may include a “floor” and/or a “ceiling” on the interest rate that we charge for these loans. These loans also may 
be offered as fully amortizing closed-end fixed-rate loans for terms up to 15 years. The majority of home equity loans 
originated are owner occupied one-to-four family residential properties and condominium units. To a lesser extent, home 
equity loans are also originated on one-to-four residential properties held for investment and second homes. All home 
equity loans are subject to an 80% loan-to-value ratio computed on the basis of the aggregate of the first mortgage loan 
amount outstanding and the proposed home equity loan. They are generally granted in amounts from $25,000 to $300,000. 

Construction Loans. At December 31, 2023, construction loans totaled $58.7 million, or 0.85%, of gross loans. 
Our  construction  loans primarily  are  adjustable-rate  loans  to finance  the  construction of one-to-four family residential 
properties, multi-family residential properties and owner-occupied commercial properties. We also, to a limited extent, 
finance the construction of commercial properties. Our policies provide that construction loans may be made in amounts 
up to 70% of the estimated value of the developed property and only if we obtain a first lien position on the underlying 
real estate. Construction loans are generally made with terms of two years or less. Advances are made as construction 
progresses and inspection warrants, subject to continued title searches to ensure that we maintain a first lien position. We 
originated and purchased construction loans totaling $34.4 million, $31.6 million, and $38.1 million during 2023, 2022, 
and 2021, respectively. 

Construction loans involve a greater degree of risk than other loans because, among other things, the underwriting 
of such loans is based on an estimated value of the developed property, which can be difficult to ascertain in light of 
uncertainties inherent in such estimations. In addition, construction lending entails the risk that the project may not be 
completed due to cost overruns or changes in market conditions. 

Small Business Administration Lending. At December 31, 2023, SBA loans totaled $20.2 million, representing 
0.29% of gross loans. These loans are extended to small businesses and are guaranteed by the SBA up to a maximum of 
85% of the loan balance for loans with balances of $150,000 or less, and to a maximum of 75% of the loan balance for 
loans with balances greater than $150,000. We also provide term loans and lines of credit up to $350,000 under the SBA 
Express Program, on which the SBA provides a 50% guaranty. The maximum loan size under the SBA guarantee program 
is $5.0 million, with a maximum loan guarantee of $3.75 million. All SBA loans are underwritten in accordance with SBA 
Standard Operating Procedures which requires collateral and the personal guarantee of the owners with more than 20% 
ownership from SBA borrowers. Typically, SBA loans are originated in the range of $25,000 to $2.0 million with terms 
ranging from one to seven years and up to 25 years for owner occupied commercial real estate mortgages. SBA loans are 
generally offered at adjustable-rates tied to the prime rate (as published in the Wall Street Journal) with adjustment periods 
of one to three months. At times, we may sell the guaranteed portion of certain SBA term loans in the secondary market, 
realizing  a  gain  at  the  time  of  sale,  and  retaining  the  servicing  rights  on  these  loans,  collecting  a  servicing  fee  of 
approximately 1%.  

We originated and purchased SBA loans totaling $2.3 million, $3.5 million and $143.4 million (including $138.7 

million of SBA Paycheck Protection Program loans), during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

10 

 
 
Commercial  Business  and  Other  Loans.  At  December 31,  2023,  commercial  business  and  other  loans  totaled 
$1,452.5 million, or 21.06%, of gross loans. We originate and purchase commercial business loans and other loans for 
business, personal, or household purposes. Commercial business loans are provided to businesses in the New York City 
metropolitan area with annual sales of up to $250.0 million. Our commercial business loans include lines of credit and 
term  loans  including  owner  occupied  mortgages.  These  loans  are  secured  by  business  assets,  including  accounts 
receivables, inventory, equipment and real estate and generally require personal guarantees. The Bank also enters into 
participations/syndications on senior secured commercial business loans, which are serviced by other banks. Commercial 
business loans are generally originated in a range of $100,000 to $10.0 million. We generally offer adjustable-rate loans 
with  adjustment  periods  of  five years  for  owner  occupied  mortgages  and  for  lines  of  credit  the  adjustment  period  is 
generally monthly. Interest rates on adjustable-rate loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each 
adjustment  period  based  upon  a  fixed  spread  above  the  FHLB-NY  corresponding  Regular  Advance  Rate  for  owner 
occupied mortgages and a fixed spread above the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or Prime Rate for lines of 
credit. Beginning in mid-2023 the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) was discontinued as an alternative 
index, and replaced by SOFR. SOFR is a broad measure of the cost of borrowing cash overnight collateralized by U.S. 
Treasury  securities.  Commercial  business  adjustable-rate  loans  generally  are  not  subject  to  limitations  on  interest  rate 
increases either on an adjustment period or aggregate basis over the life of the loan, however they generally are subject to 
interest rate floors. Our fixed-rate commercial business loans are generally originated for terms up to 20 years and are 
competitively  priced  based  on  market  conditions  and  our  cost  of  funds.  We  originated  and  purchased  $322.4  million, 
$637.0 million, and $540.4 million of commercial business loans during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

A  portion  of  our  commercial  business  and  other  loans  are  commercial  loans  secured  by  owner-occupied  real 
estate,  which  totaled  $707.6  million,  $732.0  million  and  $624.0  million  at  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021, 
respectively. These loans are secured by properties used by the borrower for commercial use where the primary source of 
repayment is expected to be the income generated by the borrower’s business use of the property. The Company recognizes 
in circumstances where the borrower is not performing, the real estate collateral would be the source of repayment. The 
Company considers these credits to be less risky than commercial business loans, however, riskier than commercial real 
estate loans.  

The  following  table  shows  the  diversification  of  our  commercial  business  and  other  loan  portfolio  by  major 

industry at December 31, 2023: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Automotive 
Wholesalers 
Financing Companies 
Construction / Contractors 
Professional Services 
Healthcare 
Hotels 
Manufacturing 
Restaurant 
Retail 
Other 
Total 

Amount 

Percent 
of Total 

$ 

$ 

 224,657  
 163,114  
 136,025  
 121,162  
 101,082  
 82,056  
 81,202  
 75,806  
 57,616  
 53,781  
 376,222  
 1,472,723  

15.25  % 
11.08   
9.24   
8.23   
6.86   
5.57   
5.51   
5.15   
3.91   
3.65   
25.55   
100.00  % 

Other loans generally consist of overdraft lines of credit. Generally, unsecured consumer loans are limited to 
amounts of $5,000 or less for terms of up to five years. We originated and purchased $4.7 million, $4.4 million, and $4.6 
million of other loans during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The underwriting standards employed by us for consumer 
and other loans include a determination of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and assessment of the applicant’s 
ability  to  meet  payments  on  all  of  his  or  her  obligations.  In  addition  to  the  creditworthiness  of  the  applicant,  the 
underwriting  process  also  includes  a  comparison  of  the  value  of  the  collateral,  if  any,  to  the  proposed  loan  amount. 
Unsecured loans tend to have higher risk, and therefore command a higher interest rate. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
     
 
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loan  Extensions,  Renewals,  Modifications  and  Restructuring.  Extensions,  renewals,  modifications  or 
restructuring  a  loan,  other  than  a  loan  that  is  experiencing  financial  difficulties  which  requires  the  loan  to  be  fully 
underwritten in accordance with our policy. The borrower must be current to have a loan extended, renewed, or modified. 
Our  policy  for  modifying  a  mortgage  loan  due  to  the  borrower’s  request  for  changes  in  the  terms  will  depend  on  the 
changes requested. The borrower must be current and have a good payment history to have a loan modified. If the borrower 
is seeking additional funds, the loan is fully underwritten in accordance with our policy for new loans. If the borrower is 
seeking a reduction in the interest rate due to a decline in interest rates in the market, we generally limit our review as 
follows: (1) for income producing properties and commercial business loans, to a review of the operating results of the 
property/business  and  a  satisfactory  inspection  of  the  property,  and  (2) for  one-to-four  residential  properties,  to  a 
satisfactory  inspection  of  the  property.  Our  policy  on  modifying  a  loan  requires  the  loan  to  be  fully  underwritten  in 
accordance with Company policy. The borrower must demonstrate the ability to repay the loan under the new terms. While 
our formal lending policies do not prohibit making additional loans to a borrower or any related interest of the borrower 
who  is  past  due  in  principal  or  interest  more  than  90 days,  it  has  been  our  practice  not  to  make  additional  loans  to  a 
borrower or a related interest of the borrower if the borrower is past due more than 90 days as to principal or interest. 
During the most recent three fiscal years, we did not make any additional loans to a borrower or any related interest of the 
borrower  who  was  past  due  in  principal  or  interest  more  than  90 days.  All  extensions,  renewals,  restructurings,  and 
modifications must be approved by the appropriate Loan Committee.  

The  Company  may  modify  loans  to  enable  a  borrower  experiencing  financial  difficulties  to  continue  making 
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. When modifying a loan, an assessment of 
whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of modification. This modification may include 
reducing the loan interest rate, extending the loan term, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness 
or any combination of these types of modifications. When such modifications are performed, a change to the allowance 
for credit losses is generally not required as the methodologies used to estimate the allowance already capture the effect 
of borrowers  experiencing financial difficulty.  On December 31, 2023,  there were  no commitments  to  lend  additional 
funds  to  borrowers  who  have  received  a  loan  modification  as  a  result  of  financial  difficulty.  See  Note  3  (“Loans  and 
Allowance for Credit Losses”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”) 
approved lending policies establishing loan approval requirements for our various types of loan products. Our Residential 
Mortgage Lending Policy (which applies to all one-to-four family mortgage loans, including residential and mixed-use 
property) establishes authorized levels of approval. One-to-four family mortgage loans that do not exceed $750,000 require 
two signatures for approval, one of which must be from either the President, Senior Executive Vice President Chief of 
Real Estate Lending, the Executive Vice President of Residential, Mixed Use & Small Multi-family Lending, or Executive 
Vice President Real Estate Credit Center (collectively, “Authorized Officers”) and the other from a Senior Underwriter, 
Manager,  Underwriter,  or  Junior  Underwriter  in  the  Residential  Mortgage  Loan  Department  (collectively,  “Loan 
Officers”), and ratification by the Management Credit Committee. For one-to-four family mortgage loans in excess of 
$750,000 and up to $2.0 million, three signatures are required for approval, at least two of which must be from Authorized 
Officers, and the other one may be a Loan Officer, and ratification by the Management Credit Committee and the Director’s 
Loan Committee. The Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of Directors also must approve one-to-four family 
mortgage loans in excess of $2.0 million up to and including $5.0 million after obtaining two signatures from authorized 
officers and one signature from loan officers with Management Credit Committee approval. One-to-four family mortgage 
loans in excess of $5.0 million may require Director’s inspection.  

Pursuant  to  our  Commercial  Real  Estate  Lending  Policy,  loans  secured  by  commercial  real  estate  and  multi-
family residential properties up to $2.0 million are approved by the Executive Vice President of Commercial Real Estate 
and the Senior Executive Vice President, Chief of Real Estate Lending, or Executive Vice President Credit Center Manager 
and then ratified by the Management Credit Committee and/or the Director’s Loan Committee. Loans provided in excess 
of  $2.0  million  and  up  to  and  including  $5.0  million  must  be  submitted  with  the  two  signatures  of  the  officers  to  the 
Management Credit Committee for final approval and then to the Director’s Loan Committee and/or Board of Directors 
for ratification. Loans in excess of $5.0 million and up to and including $25.0 million must be submitted subsequently to 
the Director’s Loan Committee and/or the Board of Directors for approval. Loan amounts in excess of $25.0 million must 
be approved by the Board of Directors. 

12 

 
In  accordance  with  our  Business  Banking  Credit  Policy,  commercial  business  and  other  loans  require  two 
signatures from the Business Loan Committee for approval up to $0.5 million. All commercial business loans and SBA 
loans over $0.5 million and up to $2.5 million must be approved by obtaining two signatures from the Business Loan 
Committee and ratified by the Management Credit Committee. Commercial business loans and SBA loans in excess of 
$2.5 million up to $5.0 million must be approved by the Management Credit Committee and ratified by the Director’s 
Loan Committee. Loans in excess of $5.0 million must be submitted to the Director’s Loan Committee and/ or the Board 
of Directors for approval. 

Our Construction Loan Policy requires construction loans up to and including $2.0 million must be approved by 
the Senior Executive Vice President, Chief of Real Estate Lending and the Executive Vice President of Commercial Real 
Estate, and ratified by the Management Credit Committee or the Director’s Loan Committee. Such loans in excess of $2.0 
million  up  to  and  including  $5.0  million  require  the  same  officer  approvals,  approval  of  the  Management  Credit 
Committee, and ratification of the Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of Directors. Loan proposals in excess 
of $5.0 million up to and including $25.0 million that are approved by Management Credit Committee will subsequently 
be submitted to either the Directors Loan Committee and/or the Board of Directors for their approval. Construction loans 
in excess of $25.0 million require the subsequent approval of the Bank Board of Directors. Any loan, regardless of type, 
that deviates from our written credit policies must be approved by the Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of 
Directors. 

For all loans originated by us, upon receipt of a completed loan application, a credit report is ordered, and certain 
other financial information is obtained. An appraisal of the real estate intended to secure the proposed loan is required to 
be  received.  An  independent  appraiser  designated  and  approved  by  us  currently  performs  such  appraisals.  Our  staff 
appraisers review all appraisals. The Bank Board of Directors annually approves the independent appraisers used by the 
Bank and approves the Bank’s appraisal policy. It is our policy to require borrowers to obtain title insurance and hazard 
insurance on all real estate loans prior to closing. For certain borrowers, and/or as required by law, the Bank may require 
escrow funds on a monthly basis together with each payment of principal and interest to a mortgage escrow account from 
which we make disbursements for items such as real estate taxes and, in some cases, hazard insurance premiums. 

Loan Concentrations. The maximum amount of credit that the Bank can extend to any single borrower or related 
group  of  borrowers  generally  is  limited  to  15%  of  the  Bank’s  unimpaired  capital  and  surplus,  or  $123.8  million  at 
December 31, 2023. Applicable laws and regulations permit an additional amount of credit to be extended, equal to 10% 
of unimpaired capital and surplus, if the loan is secured by readily marketable collateral, which generally does not include 
real estate. See “-Regulation.”  However, it is currently our policy not to extend such additional credit. At December 31, 
2023, there were no loans in excess of the maximum dollar amount of loans to one borrower that the Bank was authorized 
to make. At that date, the Bank’s three largest aggregate amount of outstanding loans to one borrower were $103.2 million, 
$87.6 million, and $78.2 million for each of the three borrowers, all of which were performing according to their terms. 

Loan Servicing. At December 31, 2023, we were servicing $46.7 million of loans for others. Our policy is to 
retain  the  servicing  rights  to  the  mortgage  and  SBA  loans  that  we  sell  in  the  secondary  market,  other  than  sales  of 
delinquent loans, which are sold with servicing released to the buyer. On mortgage loans and commercial business loan 
participations purchased by us for whom the seller retains the servicing rights, we receive monthly reports with which we 
monitor the loan portfolio. Based upon servicing agreements with the servicers of the loans, we rely upon the servicer to 
contact  delinquent  borrowers,  collect  delinquent  amounts  and  initiate  foreclosure  proceedings,  when  necessary,  all-in 
accordance  with  applicable  laws,  regulations  and  the  terms  of  the  servicing  agreements  between  us  and  our  servicing 
agents.  The  servicers  are  required  to  submit monthly  reports  on  their  collection  efforts  on  delinquent  loans.  At 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, we held $364.0 million and $460.0 million, respectively, of loans that were serviced by 
others. 

Asset Quality 

Loan  Collection.  When  a  borrower  fails  to  make  a  required  payment  on  a  loan,  except  for  serviced  loans  as 
described above, we take a number of steps to induce the borrower to cure the delinquency and restore the loan to current 
status. In the case of mortgage loans, personal contact is made with the borrower after the loan becomes 30 days delinquent. 
We take a proactive approach to managing delinquent loans, including conducting site examinations, and encouraging 
borrowers to meet with one of our representatives. When deemed appropriate, we develop short-term payment plans that 

13 

enable borrowers to bring their loans current, generally within six to nine months. We review delinquencies on a loan-by-
loan basis, diligently exploring ways to help borrowers meet their obligations and return them back to current status. 

In the case of commercial business or other loans, we generally send the borrower a written notice of non-payment 
when the loan is first past due. In the event payment is not then received, additional letters and phone calls generally are 
made in order to encourage the borrower to meet with one of our representatives to discuss the delinquency. If the loan 
still  is  not  brought  current  and  it  becomes necessary for us  to  take  legal  action, which  typically occurs  after  a  loan is 
delinquent  90 days  or  more,  we  may  attempt  to  repossess  personal  or  business  property  that  secures  a  SBA  loan, 
commercial business loan or consumer loan. 

When the borrower has indicated that they will be unable to bring the loan current, or due to other circumstances 
which, in our opinion, indicate the borrower will be unable to bring the loan current within a reasonable time, the loan is 
classified as non-performing. All loans classified as non-performing, which includes all loans past due 90 days or more, 
are on non-accrual status unless there is, in our opinion, compelling evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in 
the immediate future. At December 31, 2023, there was one loan for $1.5 million that was past due 90 days or more and 
still accruing interest. 

Upon  classifying  a  loan as non-performing,  we review  available  information  and conditions  that relate  to  the 
status of the loan, including the estimated value of the loan’s collateral and any legal considerations that may affect the 
borrower’s ability to continue to make payments. Based upon the available information, we will consider the sale of the 
loan or retention of the loan. If the loan is retained, we may continue to work with the borrower to collect the amounts due 
or start foreclosure proceedings. If a foreclosure action is initiated and the loan is not brought current, paid in full, or 
refinanced before the foreclosure sale, the real property securing the loan is sold at foreclosure or by us as soon thereafter 
as practicable. 

Once the decision to sell a loan is made, we determine what we would consider adequate consideration to be 
obtained when that loan is sold, based on the facts and circumstances related to that loan. Investors and brokers are then 
contacted to seek interest in purchasing the loan. We have been successful in finding buyers for our non-performing loans 
offered for sale that are willing to pay what we consider to be adequate consideration. Terms of the sale include cash due 
upon closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to us, servicing is released to the buyer and time is of the essence. 
These sales usually close within a reasonably short time period. 

This strategy of selling non-performing loans has allowed us to optimize our return by quickly converting our 
non-performing loans to cash, which can then be reinvested in earning assets. This strategy also allows us to avoid lengthy 
and costly legal proceedings that may occur with non-performing loans. There can be no assurances that we will continue 
this strategy in the future, or if continued, we will be able to find buyers to pay adequate consideration. 

The following table shows delinquent and non-performing loans sold during the periods indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Count  

Proceeds 
Net charge-offs 
Gross gains (losses) 

For the years ended December 31,  

2023 

      2022 

2021 

 13   

 7      

 33 

  $ 

 7,042   $ 
 (8) 
 108  

 6,863    $   28,632 
 (121)
 335 

 —   
 119   

Troubled Debt Restructured (Legacy GAAP). For borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties, we have 
restructured certain problem loans by: reducing the interest rate until the next reset date, extending the amortization period 
thereby lowering the monthly payments, deferring a portion of the interest payment, principal forgiveness and/or changing 
the loan to interest only payments for a limited time period. At times, certain problem loans have been restructured by 
combining more than one of these options. These restructurings have not included a reduction of principal balance. We 
believe that restructuring these loans in this manner will allow certain borrowers to become and remain current on their 
loans. These restructured loans are classified troubled debt restructured (“TDR”). Loans which have been current for six 
consecutive months at the time they are restructured as TDR remain on accrual status. Loans which were delinquent at the 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
time  they  are  restructured  as  a  TDR  are  placed  on  non-accrual  status  until  they  have  made  timely  payments  for  six 
consecutive months. 

The following table shows loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized cost that were performing 

according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated at December 31: 

(In thousands) 
Accrual Status: 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Commercial business and other 

Total 

Non-Accrual Status: 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
Taxi Medallion 
Commercial business and other 

2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 

  $ 

 1,673 
 7,572 
 974 
 253 
 1,069 
 11,541 

$ 

 1,690   $ 
 7,572  
 1,375  
 483  
 1,340  
 12,460  

 1,700   $ 
 7,702  
 1,459  
 507  
 1,588  
 12,956  

 248 
 — 
 28 
 276 
 11,817 

 261  
 —  
 41  
 302  
 12,762   $ 

$ 

 272  
 440  
 2,243  
 2,955  

 15,911   $ 

 1,873 
 — 
 1,481 
 531 
 — 
 3,885 

 — 
 1,668 
 941 
 2,609 
 6,494 

Total 
Total performing troubled debt restructured 

  $ 

Loans that are restructured as TDR but are not performing in accordance with the restructured terms are excluded 
from the TDR table above, as they are placed on non-accrual status and reported as non-performing loans. At December 31, 
2022, there were two loans totaling $3.3 million which were restructured as TDR not performing in accordance with its 
restructured terms.  

Delinquent Loans and Non-performing Assets. We generally discontinue accruing interest on delinquent loans 
when a loan is 90 days past due. At that time, previously accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from income. Loans 
in default 90 days or more as to their maturity date but not their interest payments, however, continue to accrue interest as 
long as the borrower continues to timely remit interest payments. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
The following table shows our non-performing assets at the dates indicated. During the years ended December 31, 
2023, 2022, and 2021, the amounts of additional interest income that would have been recorded on non-accrual loans, had 
they been current, totaled $2.0 million, $1.6 million, and $1.1 million, respectively. These amounts were not included in 
our interest income for the respective periods. 

(Dollars in thousands) 

     2023 

2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 

At December 31, 

Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing:     
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
Construction 

Total 

Non-accrual mortgage loans: 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family mixed-use property (1) 
One-to-four family residential 

Total 

Non-accrual commercial business loans: 
Small Business Administration 
Taxi medallion(1) 
Commercial business and other (1) 

Total 

Total non-accrual loans 

Total non-performing loans 
Other non-performing assets: 
Other Real Estate Owned 
Held-to-maturity securities 
Other assets acquired through foreclosure 

Total 

  $   1,463  
 —  
 —  
    1,463  

    3,206  
 —  
 981  
    5,181  
    9,368  

    2,552  
 —  
   11,789  
   14,341  
   23,709  

$

 —  
 —  
 2,600  
    2,600  

    3,206  
 237  
 790  
    4,425  
    8,658  

 937  
 —  
   20,187  
   21,124  
   29,782  

$

$

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

$
 201   
    2,547   
 —   
    2,748   

 445   
 —   
 —   
 445   

    2,431  
 613  
    1,309  
    7,725  
   12,078  

 937  
 —  
    1,918  
    2,855  
   14,933  

    2,524   
    1,683   
    1,366   
    5,854   
   11,427   

    1,151   
    2,317   
    3,430   
    6,898   
   18,325   

    2,296   
 367   
 274   
    5,139   
    8,076   

    1,151   
    1,641   
    1,945   
    4,737   
   12,813   

   25,172  

   32,382  

   14,933  

   21,073   

   13,258   

 —  
   20,981  
 —  
   20,981  

 —  
   20,981  
 —  
   20,981  

 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 —   
 —   
 35   
 35   

 239   
 —   
 35   
 274   

Total non-performing assets 

  $  46,153  

$ 53,363  

$ 14,933  

$ 21,108   

$ 13,532   

Non-performing loans to gross loans 
Non-performing assets to total assets 

 0.36 %     
 0.54 %     

 0.47 %     
 0.63 %     

 0.23 %     
 0.19 %     

 0.31  %    
 0.26  %    

 0.23  %  
 0.19  %  

(1)     Not included in the above analysis are the following non-accrual TDRs, under legacy GAAP, that are performing according to their restructured 
terms: taxi medallion loans totaling $0.4 million and $1.7 million at December 31, 2020, and 2019, respectively, One-to-four family mixed-use 
property loans totaling $0.2 million and $0.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and commercial business loans totaling less than 
$0.1 million at December 31, 2022, and 2021, and $2.2 million and $0.9 million at December 31, 2020, and 2019, respectively. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
    
  
    
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
    
  
    
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
    
  
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
 
  
The following table shows our delinquent loans that are less than 90 days past due and still accruing interest at 

the periods indicated: 

  December 31, 2023   December 31, 2022 
60 - 89 

30 - 59   

60 - 89   

30 - 59   
days 

     days 

     days 
(In thousands) 

     days 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family ― mixed-use property 
One-to-four family ― residential 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other 

Total 

  $  2,722    $ 
    8,090   
    1,708   
    1,715   
 —   
 420   

 539   $   1,475   $  1,787 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 16 
  $ 14,655    $  2,823   $  18,456   $  1,803 

    2,561  
    3,721  
    2,734  
 329  
    7,636  

    1,099  
 124  
 —  
 —  
    1,061  

Other  Real  Estate  Owned.  We  aggressively  market  our  Other  Real  Estate  Owned  (“OREO”)  properties.  At 

December 31, 2023 and 2022, we held no OREO.  

We  may  obtain  physical  possession  of  residential  real  estate  collateralizing  a  consumer  mortgage  loan  via 
foreclosure  through  an  in-substance  repossession.  During  the years  ended  December 31,  2023,  and  2022,  we  did  not 
foreclose any real estate property. Included within net loans as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, was a recorded investment 
of $4.8 million and $5.2 million, respectively, of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for 
which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction. 

Environmental Concerns Relating to Loans. We currently obtain environmental reports in connection with the 
underwriting  of  commercial  real  estate  loans,  and  typically  obtain  environmental  reports  in  connection  with  the 
underwriting of multi-family loans. For all other loans, we obtain environmental reports only if the nature of the current 
or, to the extent known to us, prior use of the property securing the loan indicates a potential environmental risk. However, 
we may not be aware of such uses or risks in any case, and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that real estate acquired 
by us in foreclosure is free from environmental contamination nor that we will not have any liability with respect thereto. 

Criticized  and  Classified  Assets.  Our  policy  is  to  review  our  assets,  focusing  primarily  on  the  loan  portfolio, 
OREO, and the investment portfolio, to ensure that the credit quality is maintained at the highest levels. When weaknesses 
are identified, immediate action is taken to correct the problem through direct contact with the borrower or issuer. We then 
monitor these assets, and, in accordance with our policy and current regulatory guidelines, we designate them as “Special 
Mention,”  which  is  considered  a  “Criticized  Asset,”  and  “Substandard,”  “Doubtful,”  or  “Loss”  which  are  considered 
“Classified Assets,” as deemed necessary. If a loan does not fall within one of the previous mentioned categories and 
management believes weakness is evident then we designate the loan as “Watch”, all other loans would be considered 
“Pass”.  These  loan  designations  are  updated  quarterly.  We  designate  an  asset  as  Substandard  when  a  well-defined 
weakness  is  identified  that  jeopardizes  the  orderly  liquidation  of  the  debt.  We  designate  an  asset  as  Doubtful  when  it 
displays the inherent weakness of a Substandard asset with the added provision that collection of the debt in full, on the 
basis  of  existing  facts,  is  highly  improbable.  We  designate  an  asset  as  Loss  if  it  is  deemed  the  debtor  is  incapable  of 
repayment. We do not hold any loans designated as loss, as loans that are designated as Loss are charged to the Allowance 
for Credit Losses. Assets that are non-accrual are designated as Substandard, Doubtful or Loss. We designate an asset as 
Special  Mention  if  the  asset  does  not  warrant  designation  within  one  of  the  other  categories  but  contains  a  potential 
weakness that deserves closer attention. Our Criticized and Classified Assets totaled $99.1 million at December 31, 2023, 
an increase of $10.2 million from $88.9 million at December 31, 2022.  

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
The following table sets forth the Bank’s Criticized and Classified assets at December 31, 2023: 

(In thousands) 

     Special Mention      Substandard       Doubtful       Loss 

      Total 

Loans: 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration  
Commercial business and other 

Total loans 

Investment Securities: 
Held-to-maturity securities 

Total investment securities 

  $ 

 1,193    $ 
 1,099   
 1,284   
 169   
 348   
 16,414   
 20,507   

 5,854   $ 
 —  
 1,217  
 6,205  
 2,783  
 37,180  
 53,239  

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 4,365   
 4,365   

 —     $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    

 7,047 
 1,099 
 2,501 
 6,374 
 3,131 
    57,959 
 78,111 

 —   
 —   

 20,981  
 20,981  

 —   
 —   

 —    
 —    

 20,981 
 20,981 

Total 

  $ 

 20,507    $ 

 74,220   $ 

 4,365    $ 

 —     $   99,092 

The following table sets forth the Bank’s Criticized and Classified assets at December 31, 2022: 

(In thousands) 

     Special Mention      Substandard       Doubtful       Loss 

      Total 

Loans: 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Construction 
Small Business Administration  
Commercial business and other 

Total loans 

Investment Securities: 
Held-to-maturity securities 

Total investment securities 

  $ 

 2,732    $ 
 4,041   
 719   
 —   
 —   
 39   
 24,620   
 32,151   

 4,317   $ 
 262  
 974  
 4,305  
 2,600  
 1,192  
 12,071  
 25,721  

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
    10,042   
 10,042   

 —     $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    

 7,049 
 4,303 
 1,693 
 4,305 
 2,600 
 1,231 
    46,733 
 67,914 

 —   
 —   

 20,981  
 20,981  

 —   
 —   

 —    
 —    

 20,981 
 20,981 

Total 

  $ 

 32,151    $ 

 46,702   $   10,042    $ 

 —     $   88,895 

Allowance for Credit Losses  

The Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the 
financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial assets. Loans are 
charged off against that ACL when management believes that a loan balance is uncollectable based on quarterly analysis 
of credit risk.  

The  amount  of  the  ACL  is  based  upon  a  loss  rate  model  that  considers  multiple  factors  which  reflects 
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the loan portfolio. Management estimates the allowance balance using 
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and 
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical 
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio 
mix, and internal loan processes. 

The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process, 

support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each balance sheet date. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The process for calculating the allowance for credit losses begins with our historical losses by portfolio segment. 
The losses are then incorporated into reasonable and supportable forecast to develop the quantitative component of the 
allowance for credit losses.  

In calculating the ACL, the Company specifies both the reasonable and supportable forecast and reversion periods 
in three economic conditions (expansion, transition, contraction). When calculating the ACL estimate for December 31, 
2023, the reasonable and supportable forecast was for a period of two quarters and the reversion period was four quarters. 
At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the ACL for loans totaled $40.2 million and $40.4 million, respectively. 

Non-performing loans totaled $25.2 million and $32.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The 
Bank’s  underwriting  standards  generally  require  a  loan-to-value  ratio  of  no  more  than  75%  at  the  time  the  loan  is 
originated.  At  December 31,  2023,  the  outstanding  principal  balance  of  our  non-performing  loans  was  34.1%  of  the 
estimated current value of the supporting collateral, after considering the charge-offs that have been recorded. We incurred 
total net charge-offs of $10.8 million, $1.5 million and $3.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021, respectively. The Company recorded a provision (benefit) for credit losses on loans totaling $10.5 million, $4.8 
million and ($4.9) million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The provision recorded 
in 2023 was driven by fully reserving for two non-accrual business loans and increasing reserves for the elevated risk 
presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage ratios.       The provision recorded in 
2022  was  primarily  due  to  loan  growth,  increased  reserves  on  specific  credits,  coupled  with  the  ongoing  economic 
uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation including increasing interest rates. The benefit recorded in 2021 was 
primarily due to improving economic conditions. We believe that at December 31, 2023, the allowance was sufficient to 
absorb losses inherent in our loan portfolio. The allowance for credit losses represented 0.58% of gross loans outstanding 
at December 31, 2023 and 2022. The allowance for credit losses represented 159.6% and 124.9% of non-performing loans 
at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company held one investment security totaling $21.0 
million  that  was  modified  in  2022  by  granting  a  payment  forbearance.  The  non-performing  investment  security  and 
attendant  loan  are  collateralized  by  a  commercial  condominium  located  in  Manhattan  with  a  combined  LTV  of 
approximately 69%. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, this security was reported as non-accrual and non-performing. The 
ACL for held-to-maturity (“HTM”) securities totaled $1.1 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

19 

 
 
The following table sets forth changes in, and the balance of, our Allowance for credit losses.  

(In thousands) 
Balance at beginning of period 
    Loans- charge-off 
    Loans- recovery 
    Loans- provision (benefit) 
Allowance for credit losses - loans 

Balance at beginning of period 

HTM securities (benefit) provision 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

Allowance for credit losses - HTM securities  $ 

Balance at beginning of period 
    Off-balance sheet- (benefit) provision 
Allowance for credit losses - off-balance 
sheet 

Allowance for credit losses 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2023 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

 40,442 
 (11,157)
 345 
 10,531 
 40,161 

 1,100 
 (13)
 1,087 

 970 
 132 

 1,102 

 42,350 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

 37,135    $
 (3,348)  
 1,813   
 4,842   
 40,442    $

 862    $
 238   
 1,100    $

 1,209    $
 (239)  

 970    $

 45,153 
 (5,134)
 2,015 
 (4,899)
 37,135 

 907 
 (45)
 862 

 1,815 
 (606)

 1,209 

 42,512    $

 39,206 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
The following table sets forth changes in, and the balance of, our Allowance for credit losses - loans.  

(Dollars in thousands) 
Balance at beginning of year 
Allowance recorded at the time of 
Acquisition 
CECL Adoption 
Provision (benefit) for credit losses 

Loans charged-off: 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property   
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Taxi medallion 
Commercial business and other 

Total loans charged-off 

Recoveries: 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property   
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Taxi medallion 
Commercial business and other 

Total recoveries 

2023 
 40,442  

$ 

  $ 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 
 37,135   

2021 
$   45,153  

2020 
$   21,751   

2019 
$   20,945   

 —  
 —  
 10,531  

 —  
 (8) 
 —  
 (23) 
 (7) 
 —  
 (11,119) 
 (11,157) 

 2  
 —  
 1  
 52  
 248  
 —  
 42  
 345  

 —   
 —   
 4,842   

 —  
 —  
 (4,899) 

 4,099   
 379   
 22,563   

 —   
 —   
 2,811   

 (208) 
 —   
 —   
 (20) 
 (1,053) 
 —   
 (2,067) 
 (3,348) 

 77   
 —   
 —   
 5   
 47   
 447   
 1,237   
 1,813   

 (43) 
 (64) 
 (33) 
 —  
 —  
 (2,758) 
 (2,236) 
 (5,134) 

 10  
 —  
 133  
 157  
 34  
 1,457  
 224  
 2,015  

 —   
 —   
 (3) 
 —   
 (178) 
 (1,075) 
 (2,749) 
 (4,005) 

 38   
 —   
 138   
 12   
 70   
 —   
 108   
 366   

 (190) 
 —   
 (89) 
 (113) 
 —   
 —   
 (2,386) 
 (2,778) 

 44   
 37   
 197   
 13   
 60   
 134   
 288   
 773   

Net charge-offs 

Balance at end of year 

 (10,812) 
 40,161  

$ 

 (1,535) 
 40,442   

 (3,119) 
$   37,135  

 (3,639) 
$   45,153   

 (2,005) 
$   21,751   

  $ 

Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans 
outstanding during the year 
Ratio of ACL - loans to gross loans at end 
of year 
Ratio of ACL - loans to non-accrual loans 
at end of the year 
Ratio of ACL - loans to non-performing 
loans at end of year 
Ratio of ACL - loans to non-performing 
assets at end of year 

 0.16 %     

 0.02  %    

 0.05 %     

 0.06  %     

 0.04  %  

 0.58 %    

 0.58  %   

 0.56 %    

 0.67  %    

 0.38  %  

 169.39 %    

 135.79  %   

 248.66 %    

 246.40  %    

 169.76  %  

 159.55 %     

 124.89  %    

 248.66 %     

 214.27  %     

 164.05  %  

 87.02 %     

 75.79  %    

 248.66 %     

 213.91  %     

 160.73  %  

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
The following table sets forth our allocation of the allowance for credit losses to the total amount for loans in 
each of  the  loan  categories  listed  at  the dates  indicated.  The numbers  contained  in  the “Amount”  column  indicate  the 
allowance for credit losses allocated for each loan category. The numbers contained in the column entitled “Percentage of 
Loans in Category to Total Loans” indicate the total amount of loans in each loan category as a percentage of our loan 
portfolio: 

2023 

2022 

At December 31,  
2021 

2020 

2019 

Loan Category 

Mortgage loans: 

Percent 

Percent 
  of Loans in   
  Category to   
     Amount       Total loans       Amount       Total loans       Amount       Total loans       Amount       Total loans       Amount       Total loans  
(Dollars in thousands) 

  of Loans in  
  Category to  

  of Loans in  
  Category to  

  of Loans in  
  Category to  

  of Loans in  
  Category to  

Percent 

Percent 

Percent 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family mixed-use property  
One-to-four family residential 
Construction 

  $   10,373   
 8,665   
 1,610   
 668   
 158   
    21,474   

 38.53 %   $ 
 28.39  
 7.69  
 3.19  
 0.85  
 78.65  

 9,552   
 8,184   
 1,875   
 901   
 261   
 20,773   

 37.57 %   $ 
 27.62 
 8.00 
 3.48 
 1.02 
 77.69 

 8,185   
 7,158   
 1,755   
 784   
 186   
 18,068   

 37.94 %   $ 
 26.77 
 8.62 
 4.17 
 0.90 
 78.40 

 6,557   
 8,327   
 1,986   
 869   
 497   
 18,236   

 37.81 %   $ 
 26.18 
 9.00 
 3.78 
 1.24 
 78.01 

 5,391   
 4,429   
 1,817   
 756   
 441   
 12,834   

 38.88 %   
 27.48 
 10.29 
 3.42 
 1.18 
 81.25 

Gross mortgage loans 

Commercial business loans: 

Small Business Administration 
Taxi medallion 
Commercial business and other 

Gross commercial business loans 

 1,626   
 —   
    17,061   
    18,687   

 0.29  
 —  
 21.06  
 21.35  

 2,198   
 —   
 17,471   
 19,669   

 0.34 
 — 
 21.97 
 22.31 

 1,209   
 —   
 17,858   
 19,067   

 1.41 
 — 
 20.19 
 21.60 

 2,251   
 —   
 24,666   
 26,917   

 2.50 
 0.04 
 19.45 
 21.99 

 363   
 —   
 8,554   
 8,917   

 0.25 
 0.06 
 18.44 
 18.75 

Total loans 

  $   40,161   

 100.00 %   $   40,442   

 100.00 %   $   37,135   

 100.00 %   $   45,153   

 100.00 %   $   21,751   

 100.00 %   

Investment Activities 

General. Our investment policy is designed primarily to manage the interest rate sensitivity of our overall assets 
and  liabilities,  to  generate  a  favorable  return  without  incurring  undue  interest  rate  and  credit  risk,  to  complement  our 
lending activities and to provide and maintain liquidity. In establishing our investment strategies, we consider our business 
and  growth  strategies,  the  economic  environment,  our  interest  rate  risk  exposure,  our  interest  rate  sensitivity  “gap” 
position, the types of securities to be held, and other factors. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations — Overview—Management Strategy” in Item 7 of this Annual Report. 

Although we have authority to invest in various types of assets, we primarily invest in mortgage-backed securities, 
securities issued by mutual or bond funds that invest in government and government agency securities, municipal bonds, 
corporate bonds and collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”). We did not hold any issues of foreign sovereign debt on 
either December 31, 2023, and 2022. 

Our ALCO Investment Committee meets quarterly to monitor investment transactions and to establish investment 

strategy. The Board of Directors reviews the investment policy on an annual basis and investment activity monthly. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
Investment securities are classified as available for sale when management intends to hold the securities for an 
indefinite period, or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes and may be sold from time to 
time to effectively manage interest rate exposure and resultant prepayment risk and liquidity needs. Securities are classified 
as held-to-maturity when management intends to hold the securities until maturity. We carry some of our investments 
under  the  fair  value  option  totaling  $13.4  million  and  $13.0  million  at  December 31,  2023,  and  2022,  respectively. 
Unrealized gains and losses for investments carried under the fair value option are included in our Consolidated Statements 
of  Income.  Unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  securities  available  for  sale,  are  excluded  from  earnings  and  included  in 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes. Securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized 
cost basis. As of December 31, 2023, we had $874.8 million of available for sale securities and $72.9 million in held-to-
maturity securities, together they represented 11.10% of total assets. Total securities had an aggregate market value that 
approximated 1.4 times the amount of our equity as of December 31, 2023. 

The  Company’s  estimate  of  expected  credit  losses  for  held-to-maturity  debt  securities  is  based  on  historical 
information, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable forecast. On December 31, 2023, the Company’s held-
to-maturity portfolio composition was four securities totaling $74.0 million (before allowance for credit losses). The first 
two are structured similar to a commercial owner occupied loan and modeled for credit losses similarly to commercial 
business loans secured by real estate; the third is under forbearance and is individually evaluated for allowance for credit 
loss; and the fourth is issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, which is a government sponsored enterprise that has a credit 
rating  and  perceived  credit  risk  comparable  to  the  U.S.  government.  Accordingly,  the  Company  assumes  a  zero-loss 
expectation from the Fannie Mae security.  

23 

The table below sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost and market values of our securities portfolio, 
interest-earning  deposits  and  federal  funds  sold  at  the  dates  indicated.  Available  for  sale  securities  are  represented 
exclusive of fair market value adjustments. 

2023 

  Amortized 
Cost 

Fair 
     Value 

At December 31,  

2022 

  Amortized 
Cost 
(In thousands) 

Fair 
     Value 

2021 

  Amortized   
     Cost 

Fair 
     Value 

  $

 66,155    $

 58,697    $ 

 66,936   $  55,561    $  50,836    $   53,362 

 66,155   

 58,697   

 66,936  

    55,561   

    50,836   

    53,362 

 7,855   

 7,058   

 7,875  

 6,989   

 7,894   

 8,667 

 7,855   

 7,058   

 7,875  

 6,989   

 7,894   

 8,667 

Securities held-to-maturity 
Bonds and other debt securities: 

Municipal securities (1) 

Total bonds and other debt 
securities 

Mortgage-backed securities: 

FNMA 

Total mortgage-backed 
securities 

Total securities held-to-maturity (1)  

 74,010   

 65,755   

 74,811  

    62,550   

    58,730   

    62,029 

Securities available for sale 
Bonds and other debt securities: 
U.S. government agencies 
Corporate debentures 
Collateralized loan obligations 
Total bonds and other debt 
securities 

 82,548   
 173,184   
 269,600   

 81,734   
 155,449   
 270,129   

 83,720  
 146,430  
 129,684  

 81,103   
   131,766   
   125,478   

 5,599   
   107,423   
    81,166   

 5,590 
   104,370 
    80,912 

 525,332   

 507,312   

 359,834  

   338,347   

   194,188   

   190,872 

Mutual funds 

 11,660   

 11,660   

 11,211  

    11,211   

    12,485   

    12,485 

Equity securities: 
Common stock 

Total equity securities 

Mortgage-backed securities: 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-backed 
securities 

Total securities available for sale 
(2) 

Interest-earning deposits and 
Federal funds sold 
Total 

 1,437   
 1,437   

 1,437   
 1,437   

 1,516  
 1,516  

 1,516   
 1,516   

 1,695   
 1,695   

 1,695 
 1,695 

 160,165   
 12,402   
 155,995   
 89,427   

 133,574   
 10,665   
 135,074   
 75,031   

 175,712  
 9,193  
 172,690  
 96,725  

   148,414   
 7,317   
   148,265   
    80,287   

   210,948   
    10,572   
   203,777   
   152,760   

   208,509 
    10,286 
   202,938 
   150,451 

 417,989   

 354,344   

 454,320  

   384,283   

   578,057   

   572,184 

 956,418   

 874,753   

 826,881  

   735,357   

   786,425   

   777,236 

 145,322   

    51,699 
  $ 1,175,750    $ 1,085,830    $  1,023,585   $ 919,800    $ 896,854    $  890,964 

   121,893   

 145,322   

 121,893  

 51,699   

(1)  Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022 and $0.9 million for the year 

ended December 31, 2021. 

(2)  Does not include the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to available for sale securities hedged in a closed 

pool at December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
    
      
      
      
      
          
    
      
      
      
      
          
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities. At December 31, 2023, we had available for sale and held-to-maturity mortgage-
backed  securities  with  a  market  value  totaling  $361.4  million,  of  which  $17.1  million  was  invested  in  adjustable-rate 
mortgage-backed  securities.  The  mortgage  loans  underlying  these  adjustable-rate  securities  generally  are  subject  to 
limitations on annual and lifetime interest rate increases. We anticipate that investments in mortgage-backed securities 
may continue to be used in the future to supplement mortgage-lending activities. Mortgage-backed securities are more 
liquid than individual mortgage loans and may be used more easily to collateralize our obligations, including collateralizing 
of the governmental deposits of the Bank. 

The following table sets forth our available for sale mortgage-backed securities purchases, sales and principal 

repayments for the years indicated: 

2023 

For the years ended December 31,  
2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

Balance at beginning of year 

  $ 

 384,283    $ 

 572,184   $ 

 404,460 

Purchases of mortgage-backed securities 

 5,431   

 56,557  

 340,789 

Amortization of unearned premium, net of accretion of unearned 
discount 

 (975)  

 (2,007) 

 (2,943)

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on mortgage-backed securities 
available for sale 

 6,392   

 (64,164) 

 (15,232)

Net gains (losses) recorded on mortgage-backed securities carried at 
fair value 

Sales and maturities of mortgage-backed securities 

 6   

 -   

 (24) 

 (2)

 (84,224) 

 (8,602)

Principal repayments received on mortgage-backed securities 

 (40,793)  

 (94,039) 

 (146,286)

Net (decrease) increase in mortgage-backed securities 

 (29,939)  

 (187,901) 

 167,724 

Balance at end of year 

  $ 

 354,344    $ 

 384,283   $ 

 572,184 

While mortgage-backed securities carry a reduced credit risk as compared to whole loans, such securities remain 
subject to the risk that a fluctuating interest rate environment, along with other factors such as the geographic distribution 
of the underlying mortgage loans, may alter the prepayment rate of such mortgage loans and so affect both the prepayment 
speed and value of such securities. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  table  below  sets  forth  certain  information  regarding  the  amortized  cost,  fair  value,  annualized  weighted 
average yields and maturities of our investment in debt and equity securities and interest-earning deposits at December 31, 
2023. The stratification of balances is based on stated maturities. Assumptions for repayments and prepayments are not 
reflected for mortgage-backed securities. Securities available for sale are carried at their fair value in the consolidated 
financial statements and securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized cost.  

One year or Less 

One to Five Years 

Five to Ten Years 

  More than Ten Years  

Total 

  Weighted 

  Weighted  

  Weighted  

Average   
  Weighted  Remaining  

  Amortized   Average   Amortized   Average   Amortized   Average   Amortized   Average  
      Cost 

      Yield 

      Yield 

     Yield 

     Yield 

Cost 

Cost 

Cost 

Years to    Amortized   

      Maturity      

Cost 

Fair 
     Value 

  Weighted  
  Average   
      Yield 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Securities held-to-
maturity 

Bonds and other debt 
securities: 

Municipal securities 
(1) 

  $

Total bonds and 
other debt 
securities 

Mortgage-backed 
securities: 
FNMA 

Total mortgage-
backed securities   

Securities available 
for sale (2) 

Bonds and other debt 
securities: 

US Treasury 
Corporate 
debentures 
CLO 

Total bonds and 
other debt 
securities 

 —   

 — %   $

 —   

 — %   $

 —   

 — %   $  66,155   

 2.23 %   

 22.54   $ 

 66,155   $

 58,697  

 2.23 % 

 —   

 —  

 —   

 —  

 —   

 —  

 66,155   

 2.23   

 22.54  

 66,155  

 58,697  

 2.23  

 —   

 —   

 —  

 —  

 —   

 —   

 —  

 —  

 7,855   

 3.32  

 7,855   

 3.32  

 —   

 —   

 —   

 —   

 9.34  

 7,855  

 7,058  

 3.32  

 9.34  

 7,855  

 7,058  

 3.32  

 49,979  

 1.53  

 19,875  

 1.64  

 2,329  

 7.17  

 10,365  

 6.51  

 3.36  

 82,548  

 81,734  

 2.34  

 10,000   
 —   

 3.20  
 —  

 85,182   
 —   

 4.76  
 —  

 78,002   
   142,352   

 3.96  
 7.13  

 —   
   127,248   

 —   
 6.45   

 5.41  
 9.19  

 173,184  
 269,600  

 155,449  
 270,129  

 4.31  
 6.81  

 59,979   

 1.81  

   105,057   

 4.17  

   222,683   

 6.02  

   137,613   

 6.45   

 7.03  

 525,332  

 507,312  

 5.28  

Mutual funds 

 11,660   

 2.54  

 —   

 —  

 —   

 —  

 —   

 —  

 —  

 11,660  

 11,660  

 2.54  

Equity securities: 
Common stock 
Total equity 
securities 

Mortgage-backed 
securities: 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-
backed securities   

 —   

 —   

 —   
 —   
 4   
 —   

 —  

 —  

 —  
 —  
 7.50  
 —  

 —   

 —   

 —   
 53   
 —   
 —   

 —  

 —  

 —   

 —   

 —  

 —  

 1,437   

 9.14   

 1,437   

 9.14   

 —  

 —  

 1,437  

 1,437  

 9.14  

 1,437  

 1,437  

 9.14  

 —  
 7.49  
 —  
 —  

 1,892   
 49   
 8,840   
 3,183   

 2.88  
 6.98  
 2.45  
 3.83  

   158,273   
 12,300   
   147,151   
 86,244   

 2.09   
 3.32   
 2.30   
 2.12   

 28.96  
 27.24  
 19.55  
 20.99  

 160,165  
 12,402  
 155,995  
 89,427  

 133,574  
 10,665  
 135,074  
 75,031  

 2.10  
 3.36  
 2.31  
 2.18  

 4   

 7.50  

 53   

 7.49  

 13,964   

 2.84  

   403,968   

 2.21   

 23.69  

 417,989  

 354,344  

 2.23  

Interest-earning 
deposits 
Total 

   145,322   
  $ 216,965   

 —   
 4.78  
 3.84 %   $ 105,110   

 —  

 —   
 4.17 %   $ 244,502   

 —  

 —   
 5.75 %   $ 609,173   

 —  
 3.19 %   

 —  

 145,322  
 145,322  
 14.71   $  1,175,750   $ 1,085,830  

 4.78  
 4.02 % 

(1) 
(2) 

Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $1.1 million. 
Does not include the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to available for sale securities hedged in a closed 
pool at December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Sources of Funds 

General. Deposits, FHLB-NY borrowings, other borrowings, principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-
backed and other securities, and proceeds from the sale of loans and securities are our primary sources of funds for lending, 
investing and other general purposes. 

Deposits. We offer a variety of deposit accounts having a range of interest rates and terms. Our deposits primarily 
consist of savings accounts, money market accounts, demand accounts, NOW accounts and certificates of deposit. We 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
  
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
have a relatively stable retail deposit base drawn from our market area through our 27 full-service offices and our Internet 
Branch. We seek to retain existing depositor relationships by offering quality service and competitive interest rates, while 
keeping deposit growth within reasonable limits. It is management’s intention to balance its goal to maintain competitive 
interest rates on deposits while seeking to manage its cost of funds to finance its strategies. 

In addition to our full-service offices, we operate the Internet Branch and a government banking unit. The Internet 
Branch currently offers savings accounts, money market accounts, checking accounts, and certificates of deposit. This 
allows us to compete on a national scale without the geographical constraints of physical locations. At December 31, 2023 
and 2022, total deposits at our Internet Branch were $183.8 million and $154.6 million, respectively. The government 
banking unit provides banking services to public municipalities, including counties, cities, towns, villages, school districts, 
libraries, fire districts, and the various courts throughout the New York City metropolitan area. At December 31, 2023 and 
2022, total deposits in our government banking unit totaled $1,587.9 million and $1,653.3 million, respectively. 

Our  core  deposits,  consisting  of  savings  accounts,  NOW  accounts,  money  market  accounts,  and  non-interest 
bearing demand accounts, are typically more stable and lower costing than other sources of funding. However, the flow of 
deposits into a particular type of account is significantly influenced by general economic conditions, changes in prevailing 
interest  rates,  and  competition.  We  experienced  an  increase  in  our  due  to  depositors’  during  2023  of  $327.7  million, 
primarily due to growth in our certificate of deposits, partially offset by a decline in core deposits. During the year ended 
December 31, 2023, the cost of our interest-bearing due to depositors’ accounts increased 231 basis points to 3.19% from 
0.88% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in the cost of deposits was primarily due to the Company’s 
response to the Federal Reserve increasing rates. While we are unable to predict the direction of future interest rate changes, 
if interest rates rise during 2024, the result could be an increase in our cost of deposits, which could reduce our net interest 
margin. However, during 2023 the Company successfully initiated an action plan to reduce the liability sensitivity of the 
balance sheet by among other things increasing the use of interest rate hedges. Therefore, if rates were to rise in 2024, at 
the same level they rose in 2023, the impact to our net interest margin is expected to be less severe than we experienced 
in 2023. Similarly, if interest rates decline in 2024, we could see a decline in our cost of deposits, which could increase 
our net interest margin, although the benefit would be less than would have been experienced if we did not reduce the 
liability sensitivity of our balance sheet. 

Included in deposits are certificates of deposit with balances of $250,000 or more (excluding brokered deposits 
issued in $1,000 amounts under a master certificate of deposit) was $497.4 million and $377.4 million at December 31, 
2023 and 2022, respectively. 

We utilize brokered deposits as an additional funding source, to assist in the management of our interest rate risk 
and as an underlying funding source for a portion of our interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had 
$1,102.0  million  and  $856.3  million,  respectively,  classified  as  brokered  deposits.  We  obtain  brokered  certificates  of 
deposit as a wholesale funding source when the interest rate on these deposits are below other wholesale options, or to 
extend the maturities of our deposits. Brokered deposits generally have a higher beta than our retail deposits as the interest 
rates are typically more sensitive to changes in the Fed funds rates.  A portion of our brokered certificates of deposit are 
hedged  against  rising  interest  rates  using  interest  rate  swaps.  At  December  31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022,  $680.0 
million  and  $200.0  million,  respectively,  were  hedged  using  interest  rate  swaps.    See  Note  20  (“Derivative  Financial 
Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Brokered deposits obtained by the Bank are generally 
fully FDIC insured. At December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Bank did not hold any uninsured brokered deposits.  

The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) is used as the clearing house, maintaining each deposit under the name 
of CEDE & Co. These deposits are transferable just like a stock or bond investment and the customer can open the account 
with only a phone call, just like buying a stock or bond. Unlike non-brokered certificates of deposit, where the deposit 
amount can be withdrawn with a penalty for any reason, including increasing interest rates, a brokered certificate of deposit 
can only be withdrawn in the event of the death, or court declared mental incompetence, of the depositor. These instruments 
allow us to better manage the maturity of our deposits and our interest rate risk. At times, we also utilize brokers to obtain 
money market deposits and NOW accounts. The rate we pay on brokered money market and NOW accounts are similar 
to the rate we pay on non-brokered accounts of these types, and the rate is agreed to in a contract between the Bank and 
the broker. These accounts are similar to brokered certificates of deposit accounts in that we only maintain one account 
for the total deposit per broker, with the broker maintaining the detailed records of each depositor. 

27 

 
We  also  offer  access  to  FDIC  insurance  coverage  in  excess  of  $250,000  through  the  IntraFi  Network  which 
arranges for the placement of funds into certificate of deposit accounts, demand accounts or money market accounts issued 
by other member banks within the network in increments of less than $250,000. This allows us to accept deposits in excess 
of $250,000 from a depositor and to place the deposits through the network to other member banks to provide full FDIC 
deposit insurance coverage. We may receive deposits from other member banks in exchange for the deposits we place into 
the network. We may also obtain deposits from other network member banks without placing deposits into the network. 
We obtain these types of deposits primarily as a short-term funding source. We can also place deposits with other member 
banks without receiving deposits from other member banks. Depositors are allowed to withdraw funds, with a penalty, 
from these accounts at one or more of the member banks that hold the deposits. Additionally, we place a portion of our 
government deposits in the IntraFi Network money market and demand accounts which does not require us to provide 
collateral. This allows us to invest our funds in higher yielding assets. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Bank held 
IntraFi  Network  money  market  and  demand  deposits  totaling  $869.2  million  and  $654.2  million,  respectively.  At 
December 31, 2023, $110.2 million of these deposits were classified as brokered deposits. At December 31, 2022, none 
of these deposits were classified as brokered deposits. 

At December 31, 2023, the Bank had uninsured deposits totaling $2.1 billion, or 30% of deposits with $0.9 billion 
of that fully collateralized by some other method leaving uninsured and uncollateralized deposits totaling $1.2 billion or 
17% of deposits.  

The following table sets forth the distribution of our deposit accounts at the dates indicated and the weighted 

average nominal interest rates on each category of deposits presented. 

2023 

   Percent 
   of Total 
   Deposits 

   Amount 

      Weighted         
   Average 
   Nominal 

At December 31,  
2022 

      Weighted         
   Average 
   Nominal 

   Percent 
   of Total 
   Deposits 
(Dollars in thousands) 

2021 

   Percent 
   of Total 
   Deposits 

      Weighted  
   Average   
   Nominal   
Rate 

Rate 

   Amount 

Rate 

   Amount 

Savings accounts 
NOW accounts  
Demand accounts  
Mortgagors' escrow deposits 

Total 

  $ 

 108,605    
    1,771,164    
 847,416    
 50,382    
    2,777,567   

 1.59  %  
 25.99    
 12.43    
 0.74    
 40.75    

 0.45  %  $ 
 3.58   
0.00   
 0.25   
 2.31   

 143,641   
    1,746,190    
 921,238   
 48,159    
    2,859,228   

 2.21  %  

 26.93    
 14.20    
 0.74    
 44.08    

 0.21  %  $ 
 2.14   
0.00   
 0.30   
 1.37   

 156,554   
    1,920,779    
 967,621   
 51,913    
    3,096,867    

 2.45  %  

 30.08    
 15.15    
 0.81    
 48.49    

 0.13  %
 0.11   
 0.00   
 0.01   
 0.07   

Money market accounts  

    1,726,404   

 25.33    

 3.91   

    2,099,776   

 32.38    

 2.47   

    2,342,003    

 36.68    

 0.22   

Certificate of deposit accounts with 
original maturities of: 
Less than 6 Months  
6 to less than 12 Months  
12 to less than 30 Months  
30 to less than 48 Months 
48 to less than 72 Months 
72 Months or more  

Total certificate of deposit 
accounts 

 690,638    
 346,073    
    1,185,856    
 75,541    
 11,943    
 1,239    

 10.13    
 5.08    
 17.40    
 1.11    
 0.18    
 0.02    

 5.46   
 4.94   
 3.92   
 3.64   
 1.31   
 0.18   

 273,696    
 24,215    
    1,088,371    
 79,923    
 57,701    
 2,432    

 4.22    
 0.37    
 16.79    
 1.23    
 0.89    
 0.04    

 3.58   
 0.44   
 2.96   
 3.24   
 2.70   
 0.19   

 128,745    
 161,624   
 530,273    
 52,726    
 70,030    
 3,177    

 2.02    
 2.53    
 8.30    
 0.83    
 1.10    
 0.05    

 0.12   
 0.33   
 0.45   
 0.83   
 2.64   
 0.50   

    2,311,290   

 33.92    

 4.51   

    1,526,338    

 23.54    

 3.03   

 946,575    

 14.83    

 0.57   

Total deposits 

  $  6,815,261  

 100.00  %  

 3.46  %  $  6,485,342    

 100.00  %  

 2.12  %  $  6,385,445    

 100.00  %  

 0.20  %

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
       
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
     
    
  
    
     
   
  
    
    
   
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table shows the composition of brokered deposits at the periods indicated below: 

(In thousands) 

NOW accounts 
Money market accounts 
Certification of deposit 

Total brokered deposits 

2023 

 187,119  
 96,596  
 818,287  
 1,102,002  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

At December 31, 
2022 

 80,465  
 329,042  
 446,804  
 856,311  

Interest expense on brokered deposits is summarized as follows for the periods indicated:  

(In thousands) 

NOW accounts 
Money market accounts 
Certification of deposit 

Total interest expense on brokered deposits 

2023 

At December 31, 
2022 

$ 

$ 

 1,286  
 3,519  
 17,411  
 22,216  

$ 

$ 

 567  
 3,451  
 3,006  
 7,024  

2021 

 178,938 
 251,085 
 196,248 
 626,271 

2021 

 294 
 557 
 865 
 1,716 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

The following table presents by various rate categories, the amount of time deposit accounts outstanding at the 

dates indicated, and the years to maturity of the certificate accounts outstanding at the periods indicated: 

At December 31,  
2022 

2023 

2021 

At December 31, 2023 
   One to 
   Within 
     One Year      Three Years    Thereafter

(In thousands) 

Interest rate: 
1.99% or less(1) 
2.00% to 2.99%(2)   
3.00% to 3.99%(3) 
4.00% to 4.99% (4) 
5.00% to 5.99% (5) 

Total 

  $

 98,900    $ 
 183,366   
 242,334   
 755,074   
   1,031,616   

 307,498   $ 878,744    $
 271,215  
 569,751  
 377,874  
 —  

    37,917   
    29,914   
 —   
 —   

 69,509    $ 
 181,780   
 242,138   
 700,865   
   1,016,294   

  $ 2,311,290    $  1,526,338   $ 946,575    $ 2,210,586    $ 

 25,117   $ 
 1,586  
 128  
 49,778  
 15,322  
 91,931   $ 

 4,274 
 — 
 68 
 4,431 
 — 
 8,773 

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 
(5) 

Includes brokered deposits of $7.0 million, $7.3 million, and $186.9 million at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 
Includes brokered deposits of $9.3 million at December 31, 2021. 
Includes brokered deposits of $238.2 million at December 31, 2022. 
Includes brokered deposits of $131.9 million and $206.6 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 
Includes brokered deposits of $680.7 million at December 31, 2023. 

The following table presents by remaining maturity categories the amount of certificate of deposit accounts with 

balances of $250,000 or more at December 31, 2023 and their annualized weighted average interest rates. 

Maturity Period: 

Three months or less 
Over three through six months 
Over six through 12 months 
Over 12 months 

Total 

     Weighted 

  Amount    Average Rate  
(Dollars in thousands) 

  $ 134,391    
   146,667    
   193,512    
    22,805    
  $ 497,375    

 3.30 %
 4.21  
 4.73  
 3.69  
 4.14 %

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
 
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
 
  
    
    
   
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the deposit activity, including mortgagors’ escrow deposits, for the periods indicated. 

For the year ended December 31,  
2021 
2022 
2023 
(In thousands) 

Net deposits 
Amortization (accretion) of premiums, net 
Interest on deposits 

Net increase in deposits 

  $   141,264   $ 

 714  
 187,941  
  $   329,919   $ 

 52,612   $   228,766 
 15  
 (124)
 20,448 
 47,270  
 99,897   $   249,090 

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  distribution  of  our  average  deposit  accounts  for  the years  indicated, 
the percentage of total deposit portfolio, and the average interest cost of each deposit category presented. Average balances 
for all years shown are derived from daily balances. 

2023 
  Percent  
  of Total   Average 
     Deposits      Cost 

Average 
      Balance 

At December 31,  
2022 
  Percent  
  of Total   Average 
    Deposits      Cost 

Average 
      Balance 

2021 
  Percent  
  of Total   Average  
    Deposits      Cost 

Average 
     Balance 

Savings accounts 
NOW accounts 
Demand accounts 
Mortgagors' escrow deposits 

Total 

  $  121,102   
   1,937,974   
 867,667   
 81,015   
   3,007,758   

 1.59 %   
 25.99   
 12.43   
 0.74   
 40.75   

 0.43 %   $  153,605   
   1,976,238   
 3.31  
   1,019,090   
 —  
 0.25  
 80,021   
   3,228,954   
 2.16  

 2.21 %  
 26.93   
 14.20   
 0.74   
 44.08   

 0.14 %  $  157,640   
   2,165,762   
 0.78  
 922,741   
 —  
 77,552   
 0.17  
   3,323,695   
 0.49  

 2.45 %  
 30.08   
 15.15   
 0.81   
 48.49   

 0.16 %  
 0.25  
 —  
 0.01  
 0.17  

(Dollars in thousands) 

Money market accounts 

   1,754,059   

 25.33   

 3.36  

   2,191,768   

 32.38   

 0.87  

   2,059,431   

 36.68   

 0.35  

Certificate of deposit accounts   

Total deposits 

   2,091,677   
  $ 6,853,494   

 33.92   
 100.00 %   

 3.10  
   1,031,024   
 2.75 %   $ 6,451,746   

 23.54   
 100.00 %  

 1.22  
   1,033,187   
 0.73 %  $ 6,416,313   

 14.83   
 100.00 %  

 0.71  
 0.33 % 

Borrowings. Although deposits are our primary source of funds, we also use borrowings as an alternative and 
cost effective source of funds for lending, investing and other general purposes. The Bank is a member of, and is eligible 
to obtain advances from, the FHLB-NY. Such advances generally are secured by a blanket lien against the Bank’s mortgage 
portfolio and the Bank’s investment in the stock of the FHLB-NY. In addition, the Bank may pledge mortgage-backed 
securities  to  obtain  advances  from  the  FHLB-NY.  See  “—  Regulation —  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank  System.”  The 
maximum amount that the FHLB-NY will advance fluctuates from time to time in accordance with the policies of the 
FHLB-NY. The Bank may enter into repurchase agreements with broker-dealers and the FHLB-NY. These agreements 
are recorded  as  financing  transactions  and the obligations  to  repurchase  are reflected as  a  liability  in our  consolidated 
financial statements. The Bank also has unsecured lines of credit with other commercial banks. In addition, we issued 
junior subordinated debentures with a total par of $61.9 million in 2007. These junior subordinated debentures are carried 
at  fair  value  in  the  Consolidated  Statement  of  Financial  Condition.  At  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  holds 
subordinated debt with an aggregated principal balance of $190.0 million.   

The Company uses interest rate swaps on borrowings to help mitigate the impact interest rate increases have on 
our cost of funds. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had active interest rate swaps on borrowings totaling 
$95.8 million and $391.5 million, respectively.  

The average cost of borrowings was 4.34%, 2.54%, and 2.24% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 
and 2021, respectively. The average balances of borrowings were $776.1 million, $1,012.1 million, and $905.1 million for 
the same years, respectively. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our borrowings at or for the periods ended on the 

dates indicated. 

At or for the years ended December 31,  
2022 
(Dollars in thousands) 

2021 

2023 

FHLB-NY Advances 
Average balance outstanding 
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period 
Balance outstanding at the end of period 
Weighted average interest rate during the period 
Weighted average interest rate at end of period 

  $ 

 425,050   
 764,219   
 480,801   

 811,380   
$ 
   1,336,186   
 815,501   

$ 

 694,824   
 786,736   
 611,186   

 3.53  %    
 4.88   

 1.94  %    
 4.08   

 1.96  %  
 0.38   

Other Borrowings 
Average balance outstanding 
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period 
Balance outstanding at the end of period 
Weighted average interest rate during the period 
Weighted average interest rate at end of period 

  $ 

 351,000   
 456,260   
 360,480   

$ 

 200,769   
 240,483   
 237,472   

$ 

 210,270   
 449,776   
 204,358   

 5.32  %    
 5.30   

 4.98  %    
 5.16   

 3.30  %  
 2.61   

Total Borrowings 
Average balance outstanding 
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period 
Balance outstanding at the end of period 
Weighted average interest rate during the period 
Weighted average interest rate at end of period 

  $ 

 776,050   
   1,001,010   
 841,281   

$  1,012,149   
   1,572,830   
   1,052,973   

$ 
 905,094   
   1,236,512   
 815,544   

 4.34  %    
 5.06   

 2.54  %    
 4.32   

 2.24  %  
 0.94   

Subsidiary Activities 

At December 31, 2023, the Holding Company had four wholly owned subsidiaries: the Bank and the Trusts. In 
addition, the Bank had two wholly owned subsidiaries: FSB Properties Inc and Flushing Service Corporation. In 2021, 
Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation (“FPFC”) was dissolved. 

  FSB Properties Inc., which is incorporated in the State of New York, was formed in 1976 with the original 
purpose of engaging in joint venture real estate equity investments. These activities were discontinued in 
1986 and no joint venture property remains. FSB Properties Inc. is currently used solely to hold title to real 
estate owned that is obtained via foreclosure. 

  Flushing Service Corporation, which is incorporated in the State of New York, was formed in 1998 to market 

insurance products and mutual funds. 

  Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation, which was dissolved as of June 30, 2021, was incorporated in the 
State of Delaware, was formed in 1997 as a real estate investment trust for the purpose of acquiring, holding 
and managing real estate mortgage assets. It was available as an additional vehicle for access by the Company 
to the capital markets for future opportunities. 

Human Capital  

On December 31, 2023, we had 549 full-time employees and 15 part-time employees. None of our employees are 
represented by a collective bargaining unit, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good. At the present 
time,  the  Holding  Company  only  employs  certain  officers  of  the  Bank.  These  employees  do  not  receive  any  extra 
compensation as officers of the Holding Company. 

Oversight & Governance. Our Board of Directors and Board committees provide oversight on certain human 
capital matters, including our inclusion and diversity program and initiatives. The Board of Directors is responsible for 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
     
     
  
 
 
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
discussing, evaluating, and reviewing regular updates from management with regard to human capital matters. Our Board 
of Directors is comprised of diverse cultures, ethnicity, and gender. 

Learning and Development. The Company provides comprehensive learning and development programs for our 
employees. We believe that investing in the growth and development of our team members is not only beneficial for them 
personally, but also critical to the success of our business. To that end, we have implemented a range of training initiatives, 
including on-the-job learning opportunities, online courses, in-person workshops and mentorship programs.  We believe 
that by supporting the growth of our team members, we are creating a stronger, more capable workforce that will drive 
our organization forward for years to come. 

Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. We are committed to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion in the workplace. 
We  recognize  that  a  diverse  workforce  with  varied  experiences,  perspectives,  and  backgrounds  is  critical  to  driving 
innovation,  enhancing  creativity,  and  ultimately  achieving  success.    We  pride  ourselves  on  establishing  a  diverse 
workforce that serves our diverse customer base in the New York City metro area. As of December 31, 2023, our multi-
cultural employee population spoke more than 20 different languages. Our inclusion and diversity program focuses on 
workforce (our team members), workplace (culture, tools, and programs) and community. We have undertaken a series of 
initiatives to further enhance our existing diversity and inclusion programs, including Flushing Bank Serves volunteer 
program  and  the  creation  of  a  Diversity  &  Inclusion  Committee.  We  have  also  broadened  our  focus  on  inclusion  and 
diversity by equipping and empowering our team leaders with appropriate tools and training.  

Total  Rewards.  The  Company  believes  that  our  future  success  largely  depends  upon  our  continued  ability  to 
attract and retain highly skilled employees. We provide our employees with a rich total rewards program which includes: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Competitive base salaries; 

Incentive bonus opportunities; 

Equity ownership; 

401(k) plan access; 

Healthcare and other insurance programs;  

Health savings and flexible spending accounts; 

Paid time off; 

Volunteer time off; 

Family leave, and 

Employee assistance program. 

Omnibus Incentive Plan 

The 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2014 Omnibus Plan”) became effective on May 20, 2014 after adoption by 
the Board of Directors and approval by the stockholders. The 2014 Omnibus Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee 
of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) to grant a variety of equity compensation awards 
as  well  as  long-term  and  annual  cash  incentive  awards.  To  the  extent  that  an  award  under  the  2014  Omnibus  Plan  is 
cancelled, expired, forfeited, settled in cash, settled by issuance of fewer shares than the number underlying the award, or 
otherwise terminated without delivery of shares to a participant in payment of the exercise price or taxes relating to an 
award, the shares retained by or returned to the Company will be available for future issuance under the 2014 Omnibus 
Plan. The 2014 Omnibus Plan originally covered the issuance of 1,100,000 shares, which was increased. On May 31, 2017, 
stockholders approved an amendment to the 2014 Omnibus Plan authorizing an additional 672,000 shares available for 
future issuance. In addition, that amendment eliminated, in the case of stock options and stock appreciation rights, the 
ability to recycle shares used to satisfy the exercise price or taxes for such awards. On May 18, 2021, stockholders approved 
a further amendment of the 2014 Omnibus Plan to authorize an additional 1,100,000 shares for future issuance. Including 

32 

 
 
the additional shares authorized from the amendments, 746,910 shares remained available for future issuance under the 
2014 Omnibus Plan at December 31, 2023. 

For  additional  information  concerning  this  plan,  see  Note 11  (“Stock-Based  Compensation”)  of  Notes to  the 

Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report. 

General 

REGULATION 

The Bank is a New York State-chartered commercial bank whose deposit accounts are insured under the Deposit 
Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) up to applicable legal limits. The 
Bank  is  subject  to  extensive  regulation  and  supervision  by  the  New  York  State  Department  of  Financial  Services 
(“NYDFS”),  as  its  chartering  agency,  by  the  FDIC,  as  its  insurer  of  deposits,  and  to  a  lesser  extent  by  the  Consumer 
Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”), which was created under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer 
Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). The Bank must file reports with the NYDFS and the FDIC concerning its activities 
and financial condition, in addition to obtaining regulatory approvals prior to certain transactions such as mergers with, or 
acquisitions of, other depository institutions. Furthermore, the Bank is periodically examined by the NYDFS and the FDIC 
to assess compliance with various regulatory requirements, including safety and soundness considerations. This regulation 
and  supervision  established  a  comprehensive  framework  of  activities  in  which  a  commercial  bank  can  engage  and  is 
intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC insurance fund and depositors. The regulatory structure also gives the 
regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with its supervisory and enforcement activities and examination 
policies,  including  policies  with  respect  to  the  classification  of  assets  and  the  establishment  of  adequate  loan  loss 
allowances  for  regulatory  purposes.  Any  change  in  such  regulation,  whether  by  the  NYDFS,  the  FDIC,  or  through 
legislation,  could  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  the  Company,  the  Bank  and  its  operations,  and  the  Company’s 
shareholders. While the regulatory environment has entered a period of rebalancing of the post financial crisis framework, 
we expect that our business will remain subject to extensive regulation and supervision. 

The Company is required to file certain reports under, and otherwise comply with, the rules and regulations of 
the  Federal  Reserve  Board  of  Governors  (the  “FRB”),  the  FDIC,  the  NYDFS,  and  the  Securities  and  Exchange 
Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, the FRB periodically examines the Company. Certain of the regulatory requirements 
applicable to the Bank and the Company are referred to below or elsewhere herein. However, such discussion is not meant 
to be a complete explanation of all laws and regulations and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual laws and 
regulations. 

Basel III 

The Company and the Bank are subject to a comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations 
that was issued by the FDIC and FRB in July 2013 (the “Basel III Capital Rules”), subject to phase-in periods for certain 
components and other provisions. Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios are: 

 

 

 

 

4.5% Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) to risk-weighted assets; 

6.0% Tier 1 capital that is CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets; 

8.0% Total Capital that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets; and 

4.0% Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets as reported on consolidated financial statements (known 
as the “leverage ratio”). 

33 

 
 
The Basel III Capital Rules also introduced a “capital conservation buffer,” composed entirely of CET1, on top 
of  these  minimum  risk-weighted  asset  ratios.  The  Bank’s  capital  conservation  buffer  currently  is  4.81%.  Banking 
institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets below the effective minimum (4.5% plus the capital conservation 
buffer) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. As 
of December 31, 2023, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules. 

Together with the FDIC, the Federal Reserve has issued proposed rules that would simplify the capital treatment 
of certain capital deductions and adjustments, and the final phase-in period for these capital deductions and adjustments 
has  been  indefinitely  delayed.  In  addition,  in  December  2018,  the  federal  banking  agencies  finalized  rules  that  would 
permit bank holding companies and banks to phase-in, for regulatory capital purposes, the day-one impact of the new 
current expected credit loss accounting rule on retained earnings over a period of three years.  

Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act 

The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the “Economic Growth Act”) provides 
certain  regulatory  relief,  including  to  community  banks,  which  are  generally  characterized  in  the  statute  as  banking 
organizations  with  less  than  $10  billion  in  total  consolidated  assets  and  with  limited  trading  activities.  The  Economic 
Growth Act requires the federal banking agencies to develop a “community bank leverage ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s 
tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A 
financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The federal banking agencies, including the FDIC, have 
issued  a  rule  pursuant  to  the  Economic  Growth  Act  to  establish  for  institutions  with  assets  of  less  than  $10  billion  a 
“community bank leverage ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) of 9% that such 
institutions may elect to use in lieu of the generally applicable leverage and risk-based capital requirements under Basel 
III.  The Bank has elected not to be subject to this new definition. See “FDIC Regulations – Prompt Corrective Regulatory 
Action.” 

The Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”) is the commonly used name for Title I of the Consumer Credit Protection 
Act, passed by Congress in 1968, which is the consumer protection law specifying what information lenders must share 
with borrowers before giving them a loan or line of credit.  This information includes the annual percentage rate, loan 
terms, and total cost of the loan. Section 101 of the Economic Growth Act amended the TILA to add a safe harbor for 
"plain vanilla" mortgage loans originated by banking organizations and credit unions with less than $10 billion in total 
consolidated assets under existing qualified mortgage and ability to pay rules. 

Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule,” generally prohibits insured 
depository  institutions  and  any  company  affiliated  with  an  insured depository  institution from  engaging  in proprietary 
trading and from acquiring or retaining ownership interests in, sponsoring, or having certain relationships with a hedge 
fund or private equity fund. Under the Economic Growth Act, community banks, (which for this purpose are generally 
characterized in the statute as banking organizations with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets with limited 
trading activities), are exempt from the Volcker Rule and its proprietary trading prohibitions.  

New York State Law 

The Bank derives its lending, investment, and other authority primarily from the applicable provisions of New 
York  State  Banking  Law  and  the  regulations  of  the  NYDFS,  as  limited  by  FDIC  regulations.  Under  these  laws  and 
regulations, banks, including the Bank, may invest in real estate mortgages, consumer and commercial loans, certain types 
of debt securities (including certain corporate debt securities, and obligations of federal, state, and local governments and 
agencies), certain types of corporate equity securities, and certain other assets. The lending powers of New York State-
chartered  commercial  banks  are  not  subject  to  percentage-of-assets  or  capital  limitations,  although  there  are  limits 
applicable to loans to individual borrowers. 

The exercise by an FDIC-insured commercial bank of the lending and investment powers under New York State 
Banking Law is limited by FDIC regulations and other federal laws and regulations. In particular, the applicable provisions 
of New York State Banking Law and regulations governing the investment authority and activities of an FDIC-insured 

34 

 
state-chartered  savings  bank  and  commercial  bank  have  been  effectively  limited  by  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance 
Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”) and the FDIC regulations issued pursuant thereto. 

With certain limited exceptions, a New York State-chartered commercial bank may not make loans or extend 
credit for commercial, corporate, or business purposes (including lease financing) to a single borrower, or related group 
of borrowers, the aggregate amount of which would exceed 15% of the bank’s net worth. An additional amount may be 
loaned up to an additional 10% of the bank’s net worth, if the loan is secured by readily marketable collateral, which is 
defined to include certain financial instruments, but generally does not include real estate. The Bank currently complies 
with all applicable loans-to-one-borrower limitations. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank’s largest aggregate amount of 
outstanding loans to one borrower was $103.2 million, all of which were performing according to their terms. See “— 
General — Lending Activities.” 

Under New York State Banking Law, New York State-chartered stock-form commercial banks may declare and 
pay dividends out of its net profits, unless there is an impairment of capital, but approval of the NYDFS Superintendent 
(the “Superintendent”) is required if the total of all dividends declared by the bank in a calendar year would exceed the 
total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years less prior dividends 
paid. 

New York State Banking Law gives the Superintendent authority to issue an order to a New York State-chartered 
banking institution to appear and explain an apparent violation of law, to discontinue unauthorized or unsafe practices, 
and to keep prescribed books and accounts. Upon a finding by the NYDFS that any director, trustee, or officer of any 
banking organization has violated any law or has continued unauthorized or unsafe practices in conducting the business of 
the banking organization after having been notified by the Superintendent to discontinue such practices, such director, 
trustee,  or  officer  may  be  removed  from  office  after  notice  and  opportunity  to  be  heard.  The  Superintendent  also  has 
authority to appoint a conservator or a receiver for a savings or commercial bank under certain circumstances. 

The Superintendent of the NYDFS has the authority to appoint a receiver or liquidator of any state-chartered bank 
or trust company under specified circumstances, including where (i) the bank is conducting its business in an unauthorized 
or  unsafe  manner,  (ii)  the  bank  has  suspended  payment  of  its  obligations,  or  (iii)  the  bank  cannot  with  safety  and 
expediency continue to do business.  

The NYDFS  has  issued  cybersecurity regulations  in  Part 500 of  Title  23 of  the  New York  Codes, Rules  and 

Regulations (“Part 500”), which cover five basic areas. 

Governance: The regulation requires senior management and boards of directors to adopt a cybersecurity policy 
for protecting information systems and most sensitive information. Covered companies are also required to designate a 
Chief Information Security Officer (the “CISO”), who must report to the board annually.  

Testing: The regulation requires the conduct of cybersecurity tests and analyses, including a “risk assessment” to 
“evaluate  and  categorize  risks,”  evaluate  the  integrity  and  confidentiality  of  information  systems  and  non-public 
information, and develop a process to mitigate any identified risks.  

Ongoing  Requirements:  The  regulation  imposes  substantial  day-to-day  and  technical  requirements.  Among 
others, we are required to develop and/or maintain access controls for our information systems, ensure the physical security 
of our computer systems, encrypt or protect personally identifiable information, perform reviews of in-house and externally 
created applications, train employees, and build an audit trail system.  

Vendors: The regulation also regulates third-party vendors with access to our information technology or non-
public information. We are required to develop and implement written policies and procedures to ensure the security of 
our information technology systems or non-public information that can be accessed by our vendors, including identifying 
the risks from third-party access, imposing minimum cybersecurity practices for vendors, and creating a due-diligence 
process for evaluating those vendors.  

Reports: The regulation imposes a notification process for any material cybersecurity event. Within 72 hours, a 
cybersecurity  event  that  has  a  “reasonable  likelihood”  of  “materially  harming”  us  or  that  must  be  reported  to  another 

35 

government or self-regulating agency must be reported to the NYDFS. In addition, an annual compliance certification to 
the NYDFS from either the board or a senior officer is required. 

On  November  1  2023,  the  NYDFS  amended  its  cybersecurity  requirements.  The  amendments  expand  the 
obligations of entities regulated by NYDFS to report cybersecurity incidents and enhance their consumer data protection 
and cybersecurity infrastructure. 

Regulated entities are generally required to comply with the new requirements by April 29, 2024, although 

certain provisions allow a longer time frame for compliance. However, the new requirements regarding reporting certain 
cybersecurity incidents become effective on December 1, 2023.  

U.S Patriot Act and Money Laundering 

The Bank is subject to the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”), which incorporates several laws, including the Uniting 
and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 
(the “USA PATRIOT Act”) and related regulations. The USA PATRIOT Act gives the federal government powers to 
address  money  laundering  and  terrorist  threats  through  enhanced  domestic  security  measures,  expanded  surveillance 
powers, increased information sharing, and broadened anti-money laundering requirements. By way of amendments to the 
BSA, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act implemented measures intended to encourage information sharing among bank 
regulatory agencies and law enforcement bodies. Further, certain provisions of Title III impose affirmative obligations on 
a broad range of financial institutions, including banks, thrifts, brokers, dealers, credit unions, money transfer agents and 
parties registered under the Commodity Exchange Act. 

Among other things, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act and the related regulations require: 

  Establishment of anti-money laundering compliance programs that include policies, procedures, and internal 

controls; the designation of a BSA officer; a training program; and independent testing; 

  Filing of certain reports to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network and law enforcement that are designated 

to assist in the detection and prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing activities; 

  Establishment  of  a  program  specifying  procedures  for  obtaining  and  maintaining  certain  records  from 

customers seeking to open new accounts, including verifying the identity of customers; 

 

In certain circumstances, compliance with enhanced due diligence policies, procedures and controls designed 
to detect and report money-laundering, terrorist financing and other suspicious activity; 

  Monitoring account activity for suspicious transactions; and 

  A heightened level of review for certain high-risk customers or accounts. 

The USA PATRIOT Act also includes prohibitions on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks and requires 

compliance with record keeping obligations with respect to correspondent accounts of foreign banks. 

The  bank  regulatory  agencies  have  increased  the  regulatory  scrutiny  of  the  BSA  and  anti-money  laundering 
programs maintained by financial institutions. Significant penalties and fines, as well as other supervisory orders may be 
imposed  on  a  financial  institution  for  non-compliance  with  these  requirements.  In  addition,  for  financial  institutions 
engaging  in  a  merger  transaction,  federal  bank  regulatory  agencies  must  consider  the  effectiveness  of  the  financial 
institution’s efforts to combat money laundering activities. The Bank has adopted policies and procedures to comply with 
these requirements. 

36 

 
 
 
FDIC Regulation 

Capital Requirements. The FDIC has adopted risk-based capital guidelines to which the Bank is subject. The 
guidelines establish a systematic analytical framework that makes regulatory capital requirements sensitive to differences 
in  risk  profiles  among  banking  organizations.  The  Bank  is  required  to  maintain  certain  levels  of  regulatory  capital  in 
relation to regulatory risk-weighted assets. The ratio of such regulatory capital to regulatory risk-weighted assets is referred 
to as a “risk-based capital ratio.” Risk-based capital ratios are determined by allocating assets and specified off-balance-
sheet items to risk-weighted categories ranging from 0% to 1250%, with higher levels of capital being required for the 
categories perceived as representing greater risk. 

These guidelines divide an institution’s capital into two tiers. The first tier (“Tier 1”) includes common equity, 
retained earnings, certain non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock (excluding auction rate issues), and minority interests 
in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other intangible assets (except mortgage servicing rights 
and purchased credit card relationships subject to certain limitations). Supplementary (“Tier 2”) capital includes, among 
other items, cumulative perpetual and long-term limited-life preferred stock, mandatorily convertible securities, certain 
hybrid capital instruments, term subordinated debt, and the ACL, subject to certain limitations, and up to 45% of pre-tax 
net  unrealized  gains  on  equity  securities  with  readily  determinable  fair  market  values,  less  required  deductions.  See 
“Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action” below. 

The regulatory capital regulations of the FDIC and other federal banking agencies provide that the agencies will 
take into account the exposure of an institution’s capital and economic value to changes in interest rate risk in assessing 
capital adequacy. According to such agencies, applicable considerations include the quality of the institution’s interest rate 
risk management process, overall financial condition, and the level of other risks at the institution for which capital is 
needed. Institutions with significant interest rate risk may be required to hold additional capital. The agencies have issued 
a joint policy statement providing guidance on interest rate risk management, including a discussion of the critical factors 
affecting  the  agencies’  evaluation  of  interest  rate  risk  in  connection  with  capital  adequacy.  Institutions  that  engage  in 
specified amounts of trading activity may be subject to adjustments in the calculation of the risk-based capital requirement 
to assure sufficient additional capital to support market risk. 

Standards  for  Safety  and  Soundness.  Federal  law  requires  each  federal  banking  agency  to  prescribe,  for  the 
depository institutions under its jurisdiction, standards that relate to, among other things, internal controls; information 
and  audit  systems;  loan  documentation;  credit  underwriting;  the  monitoring  of  interest  rate  risk;  asset  growth; 
compensation; fees and benefits; and such other operational and managerial standards as the agency deems appropriate. 
The federal banking agencies have adopted regulations and Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and 
Soundness (the “Guidelines”) to implement these safety and soundness standards. The Guidelines set forth the safety and 
soundness  standards  that  the  federal  banking  agencies  use  to  identify  and  address  problems  at  insured  depository 
institutions before capital becomes impaired. If the appropriate federal banking agency determines that an institution fails 
to meet any standard prescribed by the Guidelines, the agency may require the institution to provide it with an acceptable 
plan to achieve compliance with the standard, as required by the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended, (the “FDI 
Act”). The regulations establish deadlines for the submission and review of such safety and soundness compliance plans. 

Real Estate Lending Standards. The FDIC and the other federal banking agencies have adopted regulations that 
prescribe standards for extensions of credit that are (i) secured by real estate, or (ii) made for the purpose of financing 
construction  or  improvements  on  real  estate.  The  FDIC  regulations  require  each  institution  to  establish  and  maintain 
written internal real estate lending standards that are consistent with safe and sound banking practices, and appropriate to 
the size of the institution and the nature and scope of its real estate lending activities. The standards also must be consistent 
with accompanying FDIC guidelines. The institution’s standards establish requirements for loan portfolio diversification, 
prudent  underwriting  (including  loan-to-value  limits)  that  are  clear  and  measurable,  loan  administration  procedures, 
documentation, approval and reporting requirements. The real estate lending policies must reflect consideration of the 
federal bank regulators’ Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies. Institutions are also permitted to make 
a limited amount of loans that do not conform to the proposed loan-to-value limitations so long as such exceptions are 
reviewed and justified appropriately. The FDIC guidelines also list a number of lending situations in which exceptions to 
the loan-to-value standard are justified. 

The FDIC and the FRB have also jointly issued the “Concentrations In Commercial Real Estate Lending, Sound 
Risk  Management  Practices”  (the  “CRE  Guidance”).  The  CRE  Guidance,  which  addresses  land  development, 

37 

construction, and certain multi-family loans, as well as commercial real estate loans, does not establish specific lending 
limits but rather reinforces and enhances these agencies’ existing regulations and guidelines for such lending and portfolio 
management. Specifically, the CRE Guidance provides that a bank has a concentration in lending if (1) total reported loans 
for construction, land development, and other land represent 100% or more of total risk-based capital; or (2) total reported 
loans secured by multi-family properties, non-farm non-residential properties (excluding those that are owner-occupied), 
and loans for construction, land development, and other land represent 300% or more of total risk-based capital and the 
bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio has increased 50% or more during the prior 36 months. If a concentration is 
present, management must employ heightened risk management practices that address key elements, including board and 
management oversight, strategic planning, portfolio management, development of underwriting standards, risk assessment 
and monitoring through market analysis and stress testing, along with maintenance of increased capital levels as needed 
to support the level of commercial real estate lending. 

Dividend Limitations. The FDIC has authority to use its enforcement powers to prohibit a commercial bank from 
paying dividends if, in its opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Federal law 
prohibits the payment of dividends that will result in the institution failing to meet applicable capital requirements on a 
pro forma basis. The Bank is also subject to dividend declaration restrictions imposed by New York State law as previously 
discussed under “New York State Law.” 

Investment  Activities.  Since  the  enactment  of  FDICIA,  all  state-chartered  financial  institutions,  including 
commercial banks and their subsidiaries, have generally been limited to such activities as principal and equity investments 
of the type, and in the amount, authorized for national banks. State law, FDICIA, and FDIC regulations permit certain 
exceptions to these limitations. In addition, the FDIC is authorized to permit institutions to engage in state-authorized 
activities or investments not permitted for national banks (other than non-subsidiary equity investments) for institutions 
that meet all applicable capital requirements if it is determined that such activities or investments do not pose a significant 
risk  to  the  FDIC  insurance  fund.  The  Gramm-Leach-Bliley  Act  of  1999  (the  “GLBA”)  and  FDIC  regulations  impose 
certain quantitative and qualitative restrictions on such activities and on a bank’s dealings with a subsidiary that engages 
in specified activities. 

Prompt  Corrective  Regulatory  Action.  Federal  law  requires,  among  other  things,  that  federal  bank  regulatory 
authorities take “prompt corrective action” with respect to institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For 
such purposes, the law establishes five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly 
undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized. 

Under  current FDIC regulations,  a bank  is deemed  to be “well  capitalized”  if  the  bank  has  a  total  risk-based 
capital ratio of 10% or greater, has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% or greater, has a common equity tier 1 capital 
ratio of 6.5% or greater, has a leverage ratio of 5% or greater, and is not subject to any order or final capital directive by 
the  FDIC  to  meet  and  maintain  a  specific  capital  level  for  any  capital  measure.  A  bank  may  be  deemed  to  be  in  a 
capitalization category that is lower than is indicated by its actual capital position if it received an unsatisfactory safety 
and soundness examination rating. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank was “well-capitalized”, as applicably defined. The 
Dodd-Frank Act made permanent the standard maximum amount of FDIC deposit insurance at $250,000 per depositor. In 
addition, the deposits of the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC under its Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”), 
to which insured depository institutions are required to pay quarterly deposit insurance assessments. Under the FDIC’s 
risk-based  assessment  system,  insured  institutions  are  assigned  to  one  of  four  risk  categories  based  upon  supervisory 
evaluations, regulatory capital level, and certain other factors, with less risky institutions paying lower assessments based 
on the assigned risk levels. An institution’s assessment rate depends upon the category to which it is assigned and certain 
other factors. Assessment rates range from 1.5 to 40 basis points of the institution’s assessment base, which is calculated 
as average total assets minus average tangible equity. 

Enforcement. Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that an institution has engaged 
in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable 
law, regulation, rule, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC. The FDIC has extensive enforcement authority to correct 
unsafe or unsound practices and violations of law or regulation. Such authority includes the issuance of cease-and-desist 
orders, assessment of civil money penalties and removal of officers and directors. The FDIC may also appoint a conservator 
or receiver for a non-member bank under specified circumstances, such as where (i) the bank’s assets are less than its 
obligations to creditors, (ii) the bank is likely to be unable to pay its obligations or meet depositors’ demands in the normal 
course of business, or (iii) a substantial dissipation of bank assets or earnings has occurred due to a violation of law of 

38 

regulation or unsafe or unsound practices. Management does not know of any practice, condition, or violation that would 
lead to termination of the deposit insurance for the Bank. 

Brokered Deposits 

FDIC and other regulations generally limit the ability of an insured depository institution to accept, renew or roll 
over  any  brokered  deposit  unless  the  institution’s  capital  category  is  “well  capitalized”  or,  with  the  FDIC’s  approval, 
“adequately  capitalized.”  Pursuant  to  the  regulations  the  Bank,  as  a  well-capitalized  institution,  may  accept  brokered 
deposits. 

Incentive Compensation Guidance 

Federal  banking  agencies  and  the  NYDFS  have  issued  comprehensive  guidance  intended  to  ensure  that  the 
incentive compensation policies of banking organizations, including bank holding companies, do not undermine the safety 
and soundness of those organizations by encouraging excessive risk-taking. The incentive compensation guidance sets 
expectations  for  banking  organizations  concerning  their  incentive  compensation  arrangements  and  related  risk-
management, control and governance processes. In addition, in October 2022, the SEC finalized a rule that directs stock 
exchanges to require listed companies to implement claw-back policies to recover incentive-based compensation from 
current or former executive officers in the event of certain financial restatements and requires companies to disclose their 
claw-back policies and their actions under those policies.  

Transactions with Affiliates 

Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and FRB’s Regulation W generally: 

  Limit  the  extent  to  which  a  bank  or  its  subsidiaries  may  engage  in  “covered  transactions”  with  any 

affiliate; 

 

 

limit  the  extent  to  which  a  bank  or  its  subsidiaries  may  engage  in  “covered  transactions”  with  all 
affiliates; and 

require that all such transactions be on terms substantially the same, or at least favorable to, the bank or 
subsidiary, as those provided to a non-affiliate. 

An affiliate of a bank is any company or entity which controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with 
the bank. The term “covered transaction” includes the making of loans to the affiliate, the purchase of assets from the 
affiliate, the issuance of a guarantee on behalf of the affiliate, the purchase of securities issued by the affiliate, and other 
similar types of transactions. 

A bank’s authority to extend credit to executive officers, directors and greater than 10 percent shareholders, as 
well as entities controlled by such persons, is subject to Sections 22(g) and 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation 
O promulgated thereunder by the FRB. Among other things, these loans must be made on terms (including interest rates 
charged and collateral required) substantially the same as those offered to unaffiliated individuals or be made as part of a 
benefit or compensation program and on terms widely available to employees and must not involve a greater than normal 
risk of repayment. In addition, the amount of loans a bank may make to these persons is based, in part, on the bank’s 
capital position, and specified approval procedures must be followed in making loans which exceed specified amounts. 

Community Reinvestment Act 

Federal Regulation.  Under the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”), as implemented by FDIC regulations, 
an institution has a continuing and affirmative obligation consistent with its safe and sound operation to help meet the 
credit needs of its entire community, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods.  The CRA does not establish 
specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions, nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop 
the types of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the CRA.  
The CRA requires the FDIC, in connection with its examinations, to assess the institution’s record of meeting the credit 

39 

needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications by such institution.  
The CRA requires public disclosure of an institution’s CRA rating and further requires the FDIC to provide a written 
evaluation of an institution’s CRA performance utilizing a four-tiered descriptive rating system.  In October 2023, the 
FDIC, the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC issued a final rule to strengthen and modernize the CRA regulations and 
framework.  Under the final rule, a bank with assets of at least $2 billion as of December 31 in both of its prior two calendar 
years  will  be  a  “large  bank”  for  purposes  thereof.  The  applicable  agencies  will  evaluate  such  large  banks  under  four 
performance tests: the Retail Lending Test, the Retail Services and Products Test, the Community Development Financing 
Test, and the Community Development Services Test.  The applicability date for most provisions in the CRA regulations 
is January 1, 2026, with additional requirements to be applicable on January 1, 2027.  As of the date of its most recent 
CRA examination, which was conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the NYSDFS, the Bank’s CRA 
performance was rated “Outstanding”.  New York law imposes a similar obligation on the Bank to serve the credit needs 
of its community.  New York law contains its own community invested-related provisions, which are substantially similar 
to those of federal law. 

New York State Regulation.  The Bank is also subject to provisions of the New York State Banking Law that 
impose continuing and affirmative obligations upon a banking institution organized in New York State to serve the credit 
needs of its local community (the “NYCRA”).  Such obligations are substantially similar to those imposed by the CRA.  
The NYCRA requires the NYDFS to make a periodic written assessment of an institution’s compliance with the NYCRA, 
utilizing a four-tiered rating system, and to make such assessment available to the public.  The NYCRA also requires the 
Superintendent to consider the NYCRA rating when reviewing an application to engage in certain transactions, including 
mergers, asset purchases, and the establishment of branch offices or ATMs, and provides that such assessment may serve 
as a basis for the denial of any such application. 

Federal Home Loan Bank System 

The Bank is a member of the FHLB-NY, one of 11 regional FHLBs comprising the FHLB system. Each regional 
FHLB manages its customer relationships, while the 11 FHLBs use its combined size and strength to obtain its necessary 
funding at the lowest possible cost. As a member of the FHLB-NY, the Bank is required to acquire and hold shares of 
FHLB-NY capital stock. Pursuant to this requirement, as of December 31, 2023, the Bank was required to maintain $31.1 
million of FHLB-NY stock. 

Holding Company Regulations 

The Company is subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the Bank Holding Company 
Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”), as administered by the FRB. The Company is required to obtain the prior approval 
of the FRB to acquire all, or substantially all, of the assets of any bank or bank holding company. Prior FRB approval 
would be required for the Company to acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting securities of any bank 
or bank holding company if, after giving effect to such acquisition, it would, directly or indirectly, own or control more 
than 5% of any class of voting shares of such bank or bank holding company. In addition, before any bank acquisition can 
be  completed,  prior  approval  thereof  may  also  be  required  to  be  obtained  from  other  agencies  having  supervisory 
jurisdiction over the bank to be acquired, including the NYDFS. 

FRB regulations generally prohibit a bank holding company from engaging in, or acquiring, direct or indirect 
control of more than 5% of the voting securities of any company engaged in non-banking activities. One of the principal 
exceptions  to  this  prohibition  is  for  activities  found  by  the  FRB  to  be  so  closely  related  to  banking  or  managing  or 
controlling  Bank  as  to  be  a  proper  incident  thereto.  Some  of  the  principal  activities  that  the  FRB  has  determined  by 
regulation to be so closely related to banking are: (i) making or servicing loans; (ii) performing certain data processing 
services; (iii) providing discount brokerage services; (iv) acting as fiduciary, investment, or financial advisor; (v) leasing 
personal or real property; (vi) making investments in corporations or projects designed primarily to promote community 
welfare; and (vii) acquiring a savings and loan association. 

The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines for bank holding companies (on a consolidated basis). The 
Dodd-Frank Act required the FRB to issue consolidated regulatory capital requirements for bank holding companies that 
are at least as stringent as those applicable to insured depository institutions. Such regulations eliminated the use of certain 
instruments, such as cumulative preferred stock and trust preferred securities, as Tier 1 holding company capital. As of 
December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated capital exceeded these requirements. 

40 

Bank  holding  companies  are  generally  required  to  give  the  FRB  prior  written  notice  of  any  purchase  or 
redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined 
with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding twelve months, is equal to 10% 
or more of the Company’s consolidated net worth. The FRB may disapprove such a purchase or redemption if it determines 
that  the  proposal  would  constitute  an  unsafe  or  unsound  practice,  or  would  violate  any  law,  regulation,  FRB  order  or 
directive, or any condition imposed by, or written agreement with, the FRB. The FRB has adopted an exception to this 
approval requirement for well-capitalized bank holding companies that meet certain other conditions. 

The  FRB  has  issued  a  policy  statement  regarding  the  payment  of  dividends  by  bank  holding  companies.    In 
general, the FRB’s policies provide that dividends should be paid only out of current earnings and only if the prospective 
rate of earnings retention by the bank holding company appears consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset 
quality, and overall financial condition.   

The FRB’s policies include that a bank holding company should pay cash dividends only to the extent that net 
income is sufficient to fund the dividends and the prospective rate of earnings retention is consistent with capital needs, 
asset quality and overall financial condition.  In addition, FRB guidance sets forth the supervisory expectation that bank 
holding companies will inform and consult with FRB staff in advance of issuing a dividend that exceeds earnings for the 
quarter and should inform the FRB and should eliminate, defer or significantly reduce dividends if (i) net income available 
to stockholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund 
the dividends, (ii) prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with the bank holding company’s capital needs 
and overall current and prospective financial condition, or (iii) the bank holding company will not meet, or is in danger of 
not  meeting,  its  minimum  regulatory  capital  adequacy  ratios.    Moreover,  the  guidance  indicates  that  a  bank  holding 
company should notify the FRB in advance of declaring or paying a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period (e.g., 
quarter) for which the dividend is being paid or that could result in a material adverse change to the organization’s capital 
structure.  FRB guidance also provides for consultation and nonobjection for material increases in the amount of a bank 
holding company’s common stock dividend. 

The  FRB’s  policies  also  require  that  a  bank  holding  company  serve  as  a  source  of  financial  strength  to  its 
subsidiary banks by standing ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital funds to those banks during 
periods of financial stress or adversity, and by maintaining the financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain 
additional  resources  for  assisting  its  subsidiary  banks  where  necessary.    The  Dodd-Frank  Act  codifies  the  source  of 
financial strength policy and requires regulations to facilitate its application.  Under the prompt corrective action laws, the 
ability  of  a  bank  holding  company  to  pay  dividends  may  be  restricted  if  a  subsidiary  bank  becomes  undercapitalized.  
These  regulatory  policies  could  affect  the  ability  of  the  Company  to  pay  dividends  or  otherwise  engage  in  capital 
distributions. 

Under the FDI Act, a depository institution may be liable to the FDIC for losses caused to the DIF if a commonly 
controlled depository institution were to fail.  The Bank is commonly controlled within the meaning of that law. In 2023, 
the FDIC approved a final rule to implement a special assessment to recover the loss to the DIF associated with the closures 
of  Silicon  Valley  Bank  and  Signature  Bank,  however  the  Bank  was  not  subject  to  this  special  assessment  due  to  our 
uninsured deposits being below the FDIC threshold. 

The  status  of  the  Company  as  a  registered  bank  holding  company  under  the  BHCA  does  not  exempt  it  from 
certain federal and state laws and regulations applicable to corporations generally, including, without limitation, certain 
provisions of the federal securities laws. 

The Company, the Bank, and their respective affiliates will be affected by the monetary and fiscal policies of 
various agencies of the United States Government, including the Federal Reserve System.  In view of changing conditions 
in the national economy and in the money markets, it is difficult for management to accurately predict future changes in 
monetary policy or the effect of such changes on the business or financial condition of the Company or the Bank. 

Acquisition of the Holding Company 

Under the Federal Change in Bank Control Act (“CIBCA”), a notice must be submitted to the FRB if any person 
(including a company), or group acting in concert, seeks to acquire 10% or more of the Company’s shares of outstanding 
common stock, unless the FRB has found that the acquisition will not result in a change in control of the Company. Under 

41 

the CIBCA, the FRB generally has 60 days within which to act on such notices, taking into consideration certain factors, 
including the financial and managerial resources of the acquirer; the convenience and needs of the communities served by 
the Company and the Bank; and the anti-trust effects of the acquisition. Under the BHCA, any company would be required 
to obtain approval from the FRB before it may obtain “control” of the Company within the meaning of the BHCA. Control 
generally is defined to mean the ownership or power to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the Company 
or the ability to control in any manner the election of a majority of the Company’s directors. An existing bank holding 
company  would,  under  the  BHCA,  be  required  to  obtain  the  FRB’s  approval  before  acquiring  more  than  5%  of  the 
Company’s voting stock. In addition to the CIBCA and the BHCA, New York State Banking Law generally requires prior 
approval of the New York State Banking Board before any action is taken that causes any company to acquire direct or 
indirect control of a banking institution that is organized in New York. 

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau 

Created under the Dodd-Frank Act, and given extensive implementation and enforcement powers, the CFPB has 
broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks, including, among other 
things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive, or abusive” acts and practices. Abusive acts or practices are defined as 
those that (1) materially interfere with a consumer’s ability  to understand a term or condition of a consumer financial 
product or service, or (2) take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s (a) lack of financial savvy, (b) inability to protect 
himself or herself in the selection or use of consumer financial products or services, or (c) reasonable reliance on a covered 
entity to act in the consumer’s interests. The CFPB has the authority to investigate possible violations of federal consumer 
financial law, hold hearings and commence civil litigation. The CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and 
other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The CFPB may also institute a civil action against an entity in violation 
of federal consumer financial law in order to impose a civil penalty or an injunction. 

Mortgage Banking and Related Consumer Protection Regulations 

The retail activities of the Bank, including lending and the acceptance of deposits, are subject to a variety of 
statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers. Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by the Bank 
are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest rates. Loan operations are also subject to federal laws 
applicable to credit transactions, such as: 

  The federal Truth-In-Lending Act and Regulation Z issued by the FRB, governing disclosures of credit terms 

to consumer borrowers; 

  The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Regulation C issued by the FRB, requiring financial institutions to 
provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is 
fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves; 

  The Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B issued by the FRB, prohibiting discrimination on the 

basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors in extending credit; 

  The  Fair  Credit  Reporting  Act  and  Regulation  V  issued by  the  FRB,  governing  the  use  and provision of 

information to consumer reporting agencies; 

  The Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection 

agencies; and 

  The guidance of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal 

laws. 

Deposit operations also are subject to: 

42 

 
 
  The Truth in Savings Act and Regulation DD issued by the FRB, which requires disclosure of deposit terms 

to consumers; 

  Regulation CC issued by the FRB, which relates to the availability of deposit funds to consumers; 

  The  Right  to  Financial  Privacy  Act,  which  imposes  a  duty  to  maintain  the  confidentiality  of  consumer 
financial  records  and  prescribes  procedures  for  complying  with  administrative  subpoenas  of  financial 
records; and 

  The Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E issued by the FRB, which governs automatic deposits 
to  and  withdrawals  from  deposit  accounts  and  customers’  rights  and  liabilities  arising  from  the  use  of 
automated teller machines and other electronic banking services. 

In addition, the Bank and its subsidiaries may also be subject to certain state laws and regulations designed to 

protect consumers. 

Many of the foregoing laws and regulations are subject to change resulting from the provisions in the Dodd-Frank 
Act, which in many cases calls for revisions to implementing regulations. In addition, oversight responsibilities of these 
and other consumer protection laws and regulations will, in large measure, transfer from the Bank’s primary regulators to 
the CFPB. We cannot predict the effect that being regulated by a new, additional regulatory authority focused on consumer 
financial protection, or any new implementing regulations or revisions to existing regulations that may result from the 
establishment of this new authority, will have on our businesses. 

Data Privacy 

Federal and state laws contain extensive consumer privacy protection provisions. The GLBA requires financial 
institutions to periodically disclose their privacy practices and policies relating to sharing such information and enable 
retail customers to opt out of the Bank’s ability to share certain information with affiliates and non-affiliates for marketing 
and/or  non-marketing  purposes,  or  to  contact  customers  with  marketing  offers.  The  GLBA  also  requires  financial 
institutions  to  implement  a  comprehensive  information  security  program  that  includes  administrative,  technical,  and 
physical safeguards to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer records and information. 

Cybersecurity 

In  2023,  the  SEC  adopted  rules  requiring  registered  public  companies  (“registrants”)  to  disclose  material 
cybersecurity  incidents  that  they  experience  and  to  disclose  on  an  annual  basis  material  information  regarding  their 
cybersecurity risk management, strategy and governance.  The new rules require registrants to disclose on the new item 
1.05 of Form 8-K any cybersecurity incident they determine to be material and to describe the material aspects of the 
incident’s nature, scope, and timing, as well as its material impact or reasonably likely impact on the registrant.  The new 
rules also add Regulation S-K Item 106, which will require registrants to describe their processes, if any, for assessing, 
identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, as well as the material effects or reasonably likely 
material effects of risks from cybersecurity threats and previous cybersecurity incidents.  Item 106 requires registrants to 
describe  the  board  of  directors’  oversight  of  risks  from  cybersecurity  threats  and  management’s  role  and  expertise  in 
assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, which description is included herein. 

In addition, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC require, among other things, a banking organization to notify its 
primary federal regulator within 36 hours after identifying a “computer-security incident” that the banking organization 
believes in good faith could materially disrupt, degrade or impair its business or operations in a manner that would, among 
other things, jeopardize the viability of its operations, result in customers being unable to access their deposit and other 
accounts, result in a material loss of revenue, profit or franchise value, or pose a threat to the financial stability of the 
United States. In 2023, the FDIC issued a report setting forth safety and soundness standards and a computer-security 
incident notification rule under which a banking organization must notify its primary federal regulator of any significant 

43 

 
computer-security  incident  as  soon  as  possible,  but  no  later  than  36  hours  after  determining  that  such  an  incident  has 
occurred. 

In addition, as noted above, in November 2023 the NYDFS amended its cybersecurity requirements to expand 
the  obligations  of  entities  regulated  by  NYDFS  to  report  cybersecurity  incidents  and  enhance  their  consumer  data 
protection and cybersecurity infrastructure, all within several future compliance days. 

Federal Securities Laws 

The Company’s common stock is registered with the SEC and listed for trading on The Nasdaq Stock Market 
(“Nasdaq”).  Accordingly, the Company is subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading restrictions and 
other requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of Nasdaq.  In accordance with Nasdaq listing 
rules regarding board diversity and disclosure, the Company annually discloses certain board diversity data.  In addition, 
under Nasdaq listing rules, the Company is required to have, or explain why it does not have, (i) one diverse director 
currently, and (ii) two diverse directors by the later of August 6, 2025, or the date it files its proxy statement for its annual 
meeting of shareholders in 2025.  A listed issuer may meet these diversity requirements by having two female directors or 
one female director and one director who is an underrepresented minority or LGBTQ+.  The Company presently meets 
both these requirements. 

Available Information 

We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information 
with the SEC.  We make available free of charge on or through our web site at http://www.flushingbank.com our annual 
reports on Form 10 K, quarterly reports on Form 10 Q, current reports on Form 8 K and amendments to those reports filed 
or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable 
after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.  Our SEC filings are also available to the public 
free of charge over the Internet at the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov. 

You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room located at 100 F. Street, 
N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549.  You may obtain information about the operation of the public reference room 
by calling the SEC at 1 800 SEC 0330.  You may request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a 
fee for the copying cost. 

 Item 1A.    Risk Factors. 

In  addition  to  the  other  information  contained  in  this  Annual  Report,  the  following  factors  and  other 

considerations should be considered carefully in evaluating us and our business. 

Changes in Interest Rates May Impact Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Our  primary  source  of  income  is  net  interest  income,  which  is  the  difference  between  the  interest  income 
generated  by  our  interest-earning  assets  (consisting  primarily  of  multi-family  residential  loans,  investment  property 
commercial  business  loans  and  commercial  real  estate  mortgage  loans)  and  the  interest  expense  paid  on  our  interest-
bearing liabilities (consisting primarily of deposits and borrowings).  The level of net interest income is primarily a function 
of the average balance of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities, along with the spread between the 
yield on such assets and the cost of such liabilities.  These factors are influenced by both the pricing and mix of our interest-
earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by such external factors as the local economy, 
competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve 
Board (the “FOMC”), and market interest rates.  The FOMC raised the target range for the federal funds rate four times 
during 2023 from a range of 4.50% to 4.75% in March to a range of 5.25% to 5.50% in July.  There can be no assurances 
as  to  any  future  FOMC  decisions  on  interest  rates.    A  significant  portion  of  our  loans  have  fixed  interest  rates  (or,  if 
adjustable, are initially fixed for periods of five to 10 years) and longer terms than our deposits and borrowings.  Our net 
interest income could be adversely affected if the rates we pay on deposits and borrowings increase more rapidly than the 
rates we earn on loans.  Our interest rate risk has been partially mitigated by the addition of certain derivative financial 

44 

 
instruments and we believe that our current interest rate position is more neutral, with a bias toward liability sensitivity. 
There can be no assurance that such derivatives will remain effective in such mitigation nor that our interest rate position 
will remain as is and be appropriate in our operating environment.  

As  a  result  of  our  historical  focus  on  the  origination  of  multi-family  residential  mortgage  loans,  commercial 
business loans and commercial real estate mortgage loans, most of our loans are adjustable rate, however, many adjust at 
periods of five to 10 years.  In addition, a large percentage of our investment securities and mortgage-backed securities 
have  fixed  interest  rates  and  are  classified  as  available  for  sale.    As  is  the  case  with  many  financial  institutions,  our 
emphasis on increasing the generation of core deposits, those with no stated maturity date, has resulted in our interest-
bearing liabilities having a shorter duration than our interest-earning assets.  This imbalance can create significant earnings 
volatility because interest rates change over time.  As interest rates increase, our cost of funds generally increases more 
rapidly than the yields on a substantial portion of our interest-earning assets.  In addition, the estimated fair value of our 
fixed-rate assets, such as our securities portfolios, would decline (and our unrealized gains on such assets would ordinarily 
decrease  and  unrealized  losses  would  ordinarily  increase)  if  interest  rates  increase.    However,  the  derivative  portfolio 
increases in fair value as interest rates increase, partially mitigating the effects of such increases on other securities.  In 
line with the foregoing, we have experienced and may continue to experience an increase in the cost of interest-bearing 
liabilities primarily due to raising the rates we pay on some of our deposit products to stay competitive within our market 
and an increase in borrowing costs from increases in the federal funds rate. 

Prevailing interest rates also affect the extent to which borrowers repay and refinance loans.  In a declining interest 
rate environment, the number of loan prepayments and loan refinancing may increase, as well as prepayments of mortgage-
backed securities.  Call provisions associated with our investment in U.S. government agency and corporate securities may 
also adversely affect yield in a declining interest rate environment.  Such prepayments and calls may adversely affect the 
yield of our loan and securities portfolios as we reinvest the prepaid funds in a lower interest rate environment.  However, 
we typically receive additional loan fees when existing loans are refinanced, which partially offset the reduced yield on 
our loan portfolio resulting from prepayments.  In periods of low interest rates, our level of core deposits also may decline 
if depositors seek higher-yielding instruments or other investments not offered by us, which in turn may increase our cost 
of funds and decrease our net interest margin to the extent alternative funding sources are utilized.  An increasing interest 
rate  environment would  tend to  extend  the average  lives of  lower yielding  fixed rate mortgages  and  mortgage-backed 
securities, which could adversely affect net interest income.  Also, in an increasing interest rate environment, mortgage 
loans and mortgage-backed securities may prepay at slower rates than experienced in the past, which could result in a 
reduction  of  prepayment  penalty  income.    Depositors  tend  to  open  longer  term,  higher  costing  certificate  of  deposit 
accounts  which  could  adversely  affect  our  net  interest  income  if  rates  were  to  subsequently  decline.    Additionally, 
adjustable-rate mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities generally contain interim and lifetime caps that limit the 
amount the interest rate can increase or decrease at repricing dates.  Significant increases in prevailing interest rates may 
significantly affect demand for loans and the value of the Bank’s collateral.  See “— Local Economic Conditions. 

Our Lending Activities Involve Risks that May Be Exacerbated Depending on the Mix of Loan Types 

At December 31, 2023, our gross loan portfolio was $6,898.3 million, of which 88.9% was loans secured by real 
estate.  Most of these real estate loans were secured by multi-family residential property ($2,658.2 million), commercial 
real  estate  property  ($1,958.3  million)  and  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property  ($530.2  million),  which  combined 
represented  74.6%  of  our  loan  portfolio.    Our  loan  portfolio  is  concentrated  in  the  New  York  City  metropolitan  area.  
Multi-family  residential,  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property,  commercial  real  estate  mortgage  loans,  commercial 
business  loans  and  construction  loans,  are  generally  viewed  as  exposing  the  lender  to  a  greater  risk  of  loss  than  fully 
underwritten one-to-four family residential mortgage loans and typically involve higher principal amounts per loan.  Multi-
family  residential,  one-to-four  family  mixed-use  property  and  commercial  real  estate  mortgage  loans  are  typically 
dependent upon the successful operation of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property 
being the entity’s only asset.  If the cash flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may 
be impaired.  If the borrower defaults, our only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value 
may be less than the balance due on the related mortgage loan.  We attempt to mitigate this risk by generally requiring a 
loan-to-value ratio of no more than 75% at a time the loan is originated, except for one-to-four family residential mortgage 
loans, where we require a loan-to value ratio of no more than 80%.  Repayment of construction loans is contingent upon 
the  successful  completion  and  operation  of  the  project.    The  repayment  of  commercial  business  loans  (the  increased 
origination of which is part of management’s strategy), is contingent on the successful operation of the related business.  

45 

 
Changes in local economic conditions and government regulations, which are outside the control of the borrower or lender, 
also could affect the value of the security for the loan or the future cash flow of the affected properties.  We continually 
review the composition of our mortgage loan portfolio to manage the risk in the portfolio. 

Failure to Effectively Manage Our Liquidity Could Significantly Impact Our Financial Condition and Results of 
Operations 

Our liquidity is critical to our ability to operate our business.  Our primary sources of liquidity are deposits, both 
retail deposits from our branch network including our Internet Branch and brokered deposits, as well as borrowed funds, 
primarily wholesale borrowing from the FHLB-NY. Additionally, we have unsecured lines of credit with other commercial 
banks. Funds are also provided by the repayment and sale of securities and loans.  Our ability to obtain funds are influenced 
by many external factors, including but not limited to, local, regional and national economic conditions, the direction of 
interest rates and competition for deposits in the markets we serve.  Additionally, changes in the FHLB-NY underwriting 
guidelines may limit or restrict our ability to borrow effectively.  A decline in available funding caused by any of the above 
factors  could  adversely  impact  our  ability  to  originate  loans,  invest  in  securities,  meet  our  expenses,  or  fulfill  our 
obligations such as repaying our borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands. 

Our Ability to Obtain Brokered Deposits as an Additional Funding Source Could be Limited 

We utilize brokered deposits as an additional funding source and to assist in the management of our interest rate 
risk.  The Bank had $1,102.0 million or 16.2% of total deposits and $856.3 million, or 13.2% of total deposits, in brokered 
deposit accounts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  We have obtained brokered certificates of deposit when 
the interest rate on these deposits is below the prevailing interest rate for non-brokered wholesale funding with similar 
maturities in our market, or when obtaining them allowed us to extend the maturities of our deposits at favorable rates 
compared to borrowing funds with similar maturities, or when we are seeking to extend the maturities of our funding to 
assist in the management of our interest rate risk.  Brokered certificates of deposit provide a large deposit for us at a lower 
operating cost as compared to non-brokered certificates of deposit since we only have one account to maintain versus 
several accounts with multiple maturity checks.  Unlike non-brokered certificates of deposit where the deposit amount can 
be withdrawn with a penalty for any reason, including increasing interest rates, a brokered certificate of deposit can only 
be withdrawn in the event of the death or court declared mental incompetence of the depositor.  This allows us to better 
manage the maturity of our deposits and our interest rate risk.  We also at times utilize brokers to obtain money market 
account deposits.  The rate we pay on brokered money market accounts is similar to the rate we pay on non-brokered 
money market accounts, and the rate is agreed to in a contract between the Bank and the broker.  These accounts are similar 
to brokered certificates of deposit accounts in that we only maintain one account for the total deposit per broker, with the 
broker maintaining the detailed records of each depositor.  Additionally, we place a portion of our government deposits in 
the IntraFi Network money market or demand product, allowing us to invest our funds in higher yielding assets without 
providing collateral.  As of December 31, 2023, total deposit balances include brokered deposits of money market deposits 
of $96.6 million, certificates of deposits of $818.3 million, and NOW deposits of $187.1 million. As of December 31, 
2022, total deposit balances include brokered deposits of money market deposits of $329.0 million, certificates of deposits 
of $446.8 million, and NOW deposits of $80.5 million. 

FDIC regulations limit brokered deposits.  Under the regulations, well-capitalized institutions are not subject to 
brokered  deposit  limitations,  while  adequately  capitalized  institutions  are  able  to  accept,  renew  or  roll  over  brokered 
deposits only with a waiver from the FDIC and subject to restrictions on the interest rate that can be paid on such deposits.  
Undercapitalized institutions are not permitted to accept brokered deposits.  Pursuant to the regulation, the Bank, as a well-
capitalized  institution,  may  accept  brokered  deposits.    Should  our  capital  ratios  decline,  this  could  limit  our  ability  to 
replace  brokered  deposits  when  they  mature.    As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Bank  met  or  exceeded  all  applicable 
requirements to be deemed “well-capitalized” for purposes of these regulations.  However, there can be no assurance that 
the Bank will continue to meet those requirements.  Limitations on the Bank’s ability to accept brokered deposits for any 
reason (including limitations on the amount of brokered deposits in total or as a percentage of total assets) could materially 
adversely impact our funding costs and liquidity.  

The maturity of brokered certificates of deposit could result in a significant funding source maturing at one time.  
Should this occur, it might be difficult to replace the maturing certificates with new brokered certificates of deposit or 

46 

 
other wholesale funding.  We have used brokers to obtain these deposits which results in depositors with whom we have 
no other relationships since these depositors are outside of our market, and there may not be a sufficient source of new 
brokered certificates of deposit at the time of maturity.  In addition, upon maturity, wholesale funding could require us to 
offer some of the highest interest rates in the country to retain the funding, which would negatively impact our earnings. 

. 

The Markets in Which We Operate Are Highly Competitive 

We face intense and increasing competition both in making loans and in attracting deposits. Our market area has 
a  high  density  of  financial  institutions,  many  of  which  have  greater  financial  resources,  name  recognition  and  market 
presence  than  us,  and  all  of  which  are  our  competitors  to  varying  degrees.  Particularly  intense  competition  exists  for 
deposits  and  in  all  of  the  lending  activities  we  emphasize.  Our  competition  for  loans  comes  principally  from  other 
commercial  banks,  savings  banks,  savings  and  loan  associations,  mortgage  banking  companies,  insurance  companies, 
finance  companies  and  credit  unions.  Management  anticipates  that  competition  for  mortgage  loans  will  continue  to 
increase in the future. Our most direct competition for deposits historically has come from savings banks, other commercial 
banks, savings and loan associations and credit unions. In addition, we face competition for deposits from products offered 
by brokerage firms, insurance companies and other financial intermediaries, such as money market and other mutual funds 
and annuities. Consolidation in the banking industry and the lifting of interstate banking and branching restrictions have 
made  it  more  difficult  for  smaller,  community-oriented  banks,  such  as  us,  to  compete  effectively  with  large,  national, 
regional and super-regional banking institutions. Our Internet Branch provides us with access to consumers in markets 
outside our geographic branch locations. The internet banking arena exposes us to competition with many larger financial 
institutions that have greater financial resources, name recognition and market presence than we do. 

Our Results of Operations May Be Adversely Affected by Changes in National, Regional and/or Local Economic 
Conditions 

Our operating results are affected by national, regional and local economic and competitive conditions, including 
changes  in  market  interest  rates,  the  strength  of  the  local  economy,  government  policies  and  actions  of  regulatory 
authorities. Adverse economic conditions can result in borrowers defaulting on their loans or withdrawing their funds on 
deposit at the Bank to meet their financial obligations. A decline in the local, regional or national economy or the New 
York City metropolitan area real estate market could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations, 
including through decreased demand for loans or increased competition for good loans, increased non-performing loans 
and credit losses resulting in additional provisions for credit losses and for losses on real estate owned.  Many factors could 
require  additions  to  our  allowance  for  credit  losses  in  future  periods  above  those  currently  maintained.  These  factors 
include, but are not limited to: (1) adverse changes in economic conditions and changes in interest rates that may affect 
the  ability  of  borrowers  to  make  payments  on  loans,  (2) changes  in  the  financial  capacity  of  individual  borrowers, 
(3) changes in the local real estate market and the value of our loan collateral, and (4) future review and evaluation of our 
loan portfolio, internally or by regulators.  The amount of our allowance for credit losses at any time represents good faith 
estimates that are susceptible to significant changes due to changes in appraisal values of collateral, national and local 
economic  conditions,  prevailing  interest  rates  and  other  factors.  See  “Business —  General —  Allowance  for  Credit 
Losses” in Item 1 of this Annual Report. 

These  same  factors  could  cause  delinquencies  to  increase  for  the  mortgages  which  are  the  collateral  for  the 
mortgage-backed  securities  we  hold  in  our  investment  portfolio.  Combining  increased  delinquencies  with  liquidity 
problems in the market could result in a decline in the market value of our investments in privately issued mortgage-backed 
securities.  There can be no assurance that a decline in the market value of these investments will not result in other-than-
temporary impairment charges in our financial statements. 

Changes in Laws and Regulations Could Adversely Affect Our Business 

From time to time, legislation, is enacted or regulations are promulgated that have the effect of increasing the 
cost of doing business, limiting or expanding permissible activities or affecting the competitive balance between banks 
and other financial institutions. Proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the operations and taxation of 
banks and other financial institutions are frequently made in Congress, in the New York legislature and before various 
bank regulatory agencies. There can be no assurance as to the impact that any laws, regulations or governmental programs 

47 

that may be introduced or implemented in the future will have on the financial markets and the economy, any of which 
could  adversely  affect  our  business.  For  a  discussion  of  regulations  affecting  us,  see  “Business —  Regulation”  and 
“Business — Federal, State and Local Taxation” in Item 1 of this Annual Report. 

Current  Conditions  in,  and  Regulation  of,  the  Banking  Industry  May Have  a  Material  Adverse  Effect  on  Our 
Results of Operations 

Financial  institutions  have  been  the  subject  of  significant  legislative  and  regulatory  changes,  including  the 
adoption of The Dodd Frank Act, which imposes a wide variety of regulations affecting us, and may be the subject of 
further significant legislation or regulation in the future, none of which is within our control.  Significant new laws or 
regulations  or  changes  in,  or  repeals  of,  existing  laws  or  regulations,  including  those  with  respect  to  federal  and  state 
taxation, may cause our results of operations to differ materially.  In addition, the cost and burden of compliance, over 
time, have significantly increased and could adversely affect our ability to operate profitably. 

The Bank faces several minimum capital requirements imposed by federal regulation.  Failure to adhere to these 
minimums could limit the dividends the Bank may pay, including the payment of dividends to the Company, and could 
limit the annual growth of the Bank.  Under the Dodd Frank Act, banks with assets greater than $100.0 billion in total 
assets are required to complete stress tests, which predict capital levels under certain stress levels.  See “Regulation.” The 
Bank is subject to extensive supervision, regulation, and examination by the NYDFS, as its chartering agency, the FDIC, 
as its insurer of deposits, and to a lesser extent the CFPB under the Dodd-Frank Act.  The Company is subject to similar 
regulation and oversight by the Federal Reserve Bank.  Such regulations limit the manner in which the Company and Bank 
conduct business, undertake new investments and activities and obtain financing.  The regulatory structure also provides 
the  regulatory  authorities  extensive  discretion  in  connection  with  their  supervisory  and  enforcement  activities  and 
examination policies, including policies with respect to capital levels, the classification of assets and the establishment of 
adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes.  Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject 
the Company and Bank to regulatory enforcement action that could result in the assessment of significant civil money 
penalties against the Company and/or the Bank. 

The FDIC regulations  are designed primarily  for  the protection of  the deposit  insurance  fund  and  the  Bank’s 

depositors, and not to benefit the Company, the Bank, or its creditors. 

The fiscal and monetary policies of the federal government and its agencies could have a material adverse effect 
on the Company’s results of operations.  The Federal Reserve regulates the supply of money and credit in the United 
States.  Changes in Federal Reserve or governmental policies are beyond the Company’s control and difficult to predict; 
consequently, the impact of these changes on the Company’s activities and results of operations is also difficult to predict.  
See “Changes in Interest Rates may impact our Financial Condition and Results of Operations” Risk Factor in this Form 
10-K. 

A Failure in or Breach of Our Operational or Security Systems or Infrastructure, or Those of Our Third Party 
Vendors and Other Service Providers, Including as a Result of Cyber-attacks, Could Disrupt Our Business, Result 
in the Disclosure or Misuse of Confidential or Proprietary Information, Damage Our Reputation, Increase Our 
Costs and Cause Losses 

We depend upon our ability to process, record, and monitor our client transactions on a continuous basis.  As 
client, public and regulatory expectations regarding operational and information security have increased, our operational 
systems  and  infrastructure  must  continue  to  be  safeguarded  and  monitored  for  potential  failures,  disruptions  and 
breakdowns.  Our business, financial, accounting and data processing systems, or other operating systems and facilities, 
may stop operating properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors, including events that are 
wholly or partially beyond our control.  For example, there could be electrical or telecommunications outages; natural 
disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and floods; disease pandemics; events arising from local or larger 
scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts; and, as described below, cyber-attacks.  Although we have business 
continuity  plans  and  other  safeguards  in  place,  our  business  operations  may  be  adversely  affected  by  significant  and 
widespread disruption to our physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our business and clients. 

Information security risks for financial institutions have generally increased in recent years in part because of the 
proliferation  of  new  technologies,  the  use  of  the  internet  and  telecommunications  technologies  to  conduct  financial 

48 

transactions,  and  the  increased  sophistication  and  activities  of  organized  crime,  hackers,  terrorists,  activists,  and  other 
external  parties.    Threat  actor  organizations  are  becoming  more  formal  and  now  frequently  include  specialized 
“departments” within an organization.  These “departments” may act together to sell access to interested parties, which 
install malware and infiltrating data.  This increases cybersecurity risk as indicators of an attack may spread across multiple 
detection platforms and originate from disparate sources.  Our business relies on our digital technologies, computer and 
email systems, software, and networks to conduct its operations.  In addition, to access our products and services, our 
clients  may  use  personal  smartphones,  tablet  PC’s,  personal  computers  and  other  devices  that  are  beyond  our  control 
systems.    Although  we  have  information  security  procedures  and  controls  in  place,  our  technologies,  systems,  and 
networks, and our clients’ devices, may become the target of cyberattacks or information security breaches that could 
result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of our or our clients’ confidential, 
proprietary, and other information, or otherwise disrupt our or our clients’ or other third parties’ business operations.  We 
may be subject to increasingly more risk related to cybersecurity for our Internet Branch as we expand our suite of online 
direct banking products, acquire new or outsource some of our business operations, expand our internal usage of web-
based products and applications, and otherwise attempt to keep pace with rapid technological changes in the financial 
services industry. 

We rely on external infrastructure, proprietary information technology and third-party systems and services to 
conduct  business,  including  customer  service,  marketing  and  sales  activities,  customer  relationship  management, 
producing financial statements and technology/data centers.  In addition, we store and process confidential and proprietary 
business information on both company-owned and third-party and/or vendor managed systems, including cloud service 
providers.  We increasingly rely on the internet in order to conduct business and may be adversely impacted by outages in 
critical infrastructure such as electric grids, undersea cables, satellites or other communications used by us or our third 
parties.  This reliance includes consumer access to the internet and communications systems due to more work taking place 
outside of corporate locations.  A security breach in the systems of our third-party service providers can create a gateway 
for unauthorized access to our network, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of our data and systems.  
The failure of our or any third party’s information technology, infrastructure or other internal and external systems, for 
any  reason,  could  disrupt  our  operations,  result  in  the  loss  of  business  and  adversely  impact  our  profitability.    Any 
compromise of  the  security  of  our or  any  third party’s  systems  that  results  in  the  disclosure of personally  identifiable 
customer or employee information could damage our reputation, deter customers from purchasing or using our products 
and services, expose us to litigation, increase regulatory scrutiny and require us to incur significant technical, legal and 
other expenses.  We may also be adversely impacted by successful cyberattacks of our partners, third-party vendors and 
others in our supply chain with whom we conduct business or share information. 

Financial  services  companies  are  regularly  targeted  by  cyber  criminals,  resulting  in  unauthorized  access  to 
confidential information, theft of funds from online accounts, disruption or degradation of service or other damage.  These 
attacks  may  take  a  variety  of  forms,  including  web  application  attacks,  denial  of  service  attacks,  ransomware,  other 
malware,  and  social  engineering,  including  phishing.    As  automation  and  machine  intelligence  technologies  progress, 
attackers  are  adopting  this  technology  to  speed  up  their  reconnaissance  and  attacks  while  reducing  their  costs.   This 
improved efficiency and tooling means that a lower-skilled adversary is able to perform more attacks at a higher complexity 
level than in the past.  Economic and political instability offers a fertile ground for adversaries to recruit new talent.  This 
could be either people looking for financial gains amid job losses and high inflation, politically motivated actors driven by 
state conflicts or internal political unrest, or other personal reasons.  In addition, the reengineering and reuse of prior attack 
methodologies is made easier by advances in these technologies. 

Information security incidents may also occur due to the failure to control access to, and use of, sensitive systems 
or  information  by  our  workforce.    Employee  risk  exposure  remains  high  as  cybersecurity  awareness  training  must  be 
continuously  refined  and  updated  as  technology  advances  and  threat  actors  become  increasingly  more  sophisticated.  
Additionally, there is a potential increase in this threat due to the increase in remote work.  The failure of our controls 
(such as policies, procedures, security controls and monitoring, automation and backup plans) designed to prevent, or limit 
the effect of, failure, inadvertent use or abuse could result in disruptions or breaches beyond our control.  Although to date 
we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches, there can be 
no assurance that we will not suffer such losses in the future.  Our risk and exposure to these matters remains heightened 
because of the evolving nature of these threats.  As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement 
of our controls, processes and practices designed to protect our systems, computers, software, data and networks from 
attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a focus for us.  As technology evolves, we can increase our ability to detect 
and  prevent  cyber-attacks  through  automation  and  the  implementation  of  security  controls  which  leverage  machine 

49 

learning and artificial intelligence.  As threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend additional resources to 
continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate information security vulnerabilities.  
Additionally,  information  security  vulnerabilities  can  pose  increased  cyber-risk  as  they  can  be  combined  and  chained 
together more easily with machine learning technology. 

Disruptions or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our business and clients, 
or cyberattacks or security breaches of the networks, systems or devices that our clients use to access our products and 
services could result in significant legal and financial exposure, client attrition, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention, 
reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs and/or additional compliance costs, a loss of confidence 
in the security of our systems, any of which may not be covered by insurance and could materially and adversely affect 
our financial condition or results of operations. 

Operational  risks,  including  risks  associated  with  Flushing  Bank’s  dependence  on  its  operational  systems,  its 
ability to maintain appropriately staffed workforces and the competence, integrity, health and safety of its employees, are 
of primary concern.  The legal and regulatory risks related to safeguarding personal information and the harm that could 
be  caused by a  successful  cyber-attack  affecting Flushing  Bank  are  proactively  monitored  and  addressed  according  to 
current regulations and bank policies.  Additionally, Flushing Bank monitors and addresses risks associated with its risk 
management framework and its models and estimations with monthly reports to the board of directors.  Flushing Bank 
coordinates these activities to ensure that potential adverse effects of failing to comply with heightened regulatory and 
other standards for the oversight of the cyber and risk management programs are significantly reduced. 

Changes in Cybersecurity or Privacy Regulations may Increase our Compliance Costs, Limit Our Ability to Gain 
Insight from Data and Lead to Increased Scrutiny 

We collect, process, store, share, disclose and use information from and about our customers, plan participants 
and website and application users, including personal information and other data. Any actual or perceived failure by us to 
comply with our privacy policies, privacy-related obligations to customers or third parties, data disclosure and consent 
obligations or privacy or security-related legal obligations may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation, or 
public statements critical of us. Such actual or perceived failures could also cause our customers to lose trust in us, which 
could have an adverse effect on our business. 

Restrictions on data collection and use may limit opportunities to gain business insights useful to running our 

business and offering innovative products and services. 

We are subject to numerous federal, state, and international regulations regarding the privacy and security of 
personal information. These laws vary widely by jurisdiction. Applicable regulations include the NYDFS 23 NYCRR Part 
500 Cybersecurity Requirements for Financial Services Companies, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Title V Subtitle A- Safeguards 
Rule,  FDIC  Part  364  Appendix  B-  Interagency  Guidelines  Establishing  Information  Security  Standards  and  other 
regulations.  See  “Regulation  –  Cybersecurity.”  Similar  legislation  continues  to  be  enacted  around  the  world  with 
requirements and protections specific to data security requirements, notification requirements for data breaches, the right 
to access personal data and the right to be forgotten. For example, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC require a banking 
organization to notify its primary federal regulator within 36 hours after identifying a “computer-security incident” that 
the banking organization believes in good faith could materially disrupt, degrade or impair its business or operations in a 
manner that would, among other things, jeopardize the viability of its operations, result in customers being unable to access 
their  deposit  and  other  accounts,  result  in  a  material  loss  of  revenue,  profit  or  franchise  value,  or  pose  a  threat  to  the 
financial stability of the United States.  

We May Experience Increased Delays in Foreclosure Proceedings 

Foreclosure proceedings  face  increasing delays. While  we  cannot  predict  the  ultimate  impact  of  any delay  in 
foreclosure sales, we may be subject to additional borrower and non-borrower litigation and governmental and regulatory 
scrutiny related to our past and current foreclosure activities. Delays in foreclosure sales, including any delays beyond 
those currently anticipated could increase the costs associated with our mortgage operations and make it more difficult for 
us to prevent losses in our loan portfolio. 

50 

 
 
Our Inability to Hire or Retain Key Personnel Could Adversely Affect Our Business 

Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to retain and attract key personnel.  We face intense competition 
from commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking companies, insurance companies, 
finance companies and credit unions. As a result, it could prove difficult to retain and attract key personnel. The inability 
to hire or retain key personnel may result in the loss of customer relationships and may adversely affect our financial 
condition or results of operations. 

We Are Not Required to Pay Dividends on Our Common Stock 

Holders of shares of our common stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our Board of Directors may 
declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Although we have historically declared cash dividends on our 
common stock, we are not required to do so and may reduce or eliminate our common stock dividend in the future. A 
reduction or elimination of our common stock dividend could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. 

Our Financial Results May be Adversely Impacted by Global Climate Changes. 

Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have increased dramatically since the 
industrial revolution, resulting in a gradual increase in average global temperatures and an increase in the frequency and 
severity of weather patterns and natural disasters.  These trends are expected to continue in the future and have the potential 
to impact nearly all sectors of the economy to varying degrees. We cannot predict the long-term impacts of climate change, 
but we will continue to monitor new developments in the future. 

Potential impacts may include the following: 

  Changes in temperatures and air quality may adversely impact the health, welfare, economic and other prospects 
of customers in our target markets.  For example, increases in the level of pollution and airborne allergens in local 
industrial  areas  may  cause  an  increase  in  upper  respiratory  and  cardiovascular  diseases.  Such  impacts  may 
adversely change the long-term prospects for the communities we serve and the investing and banking services 
these communities seek. 

  Climate change may impact asset prices, as well as general economic conditions. For example, rising sea levels 
may lead to decreases in real estate values in at-risk areas. Additionally, government policies to slow climate 
change  (e.g.,  setting  limits  on  carbon  emissions)  may  have  an  adverse  impact  on  sectors  such  as  utilities, 
transportation and manufacturing. Changes in asset prices may impact the value of our fixed income, real estate 
and  commercial  mortgage  investments.  Although  we  seek  to  manage  our  investment  risks  by  maintaining  a 
diversified  portfolio  and  monitor  our  investments  on  an  ongoing  basis,  allowing  us  to  adjust  our  exposure  to 
sectors and/or geographical areas that face severe risks due to climate change, there can be no assurances that our 
efforts will be successful. 

Our Financial Results May be Adversely Impacted by ESG Requirements 

Our financial and operational results could be impacted by emerging risk and changes to the regulatory landscape 
in  areas  like  environmental,  social  and  governance  (“ESG”)  requirements.  We  closely  monitor  and  respond  to  topics 
related to ESG that include longer lifespans, income and wealth inequalities, environmental challenges and opportunities 
to expand global access to the financial system across all segments of the population. Updated and changing regulatory 
and societal environment requirements could impact financial and operational results. 

We currently obtain environmental reports in connection with the underwriting of commercial real estate loans, 
and typically obtain environmental reports in connection with the underwriting of multi-family loans. For all other loans, 
we obtain environmental reports only if the nature of the current or, to the extent known to us, prior use of the property 
securing the loan indicates a potential environmental risk. However, we may not be aware of such uses or risks in any 
particular  case,  and,  accordingly,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  real  estate  acquired  by  us  in  foreclosure  is  free  from 
environmental contamination nor we will not have any liability with respect thereto. 

51 

 
 
Changes and uncertainty in United States legislation, policy or regulation regarding climate risk management or 
other ESG practices may result in higher regulatory and compliance costs, increased capital expenditures, and changes in 
regulations may impact security asset prices, resulting in realized or unrealized losses on our investments. Physical risks 
and transitional risks could increase the Company’s cost of doing business and actual or perceived failure to adequately 
address ESG expectations of our various stakeholders could lead to a tarnished reputation and loss of customers and clients. 

Item 1B.    Unresolved Staff Comments. 

None. 

Item 1C.    Cybersecurity. 

Overview 

The Company maintains comprehensive information technology and cybersecurity programs which encompass 
policies, procedures, assessments, monitoring, response plans, and testing to ensure technical, administrative, and physical 
controls are effective. 

The  Bank’s  Incident  Response  and  Business  Continuity  Programs  are  inclusive  of  cyber  resiliency,  business 
continuity and disaster recover strategies to help mitigate the impact of a cybersecurity incident across all business lines. 

Management Role and Board Oversight 

The cybersecurity programs are supervised by the Bank’s Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”) reporting 
to the Chief Risk Officer (“CRO”) and dotted line to the Chief Information Officer.  The Chief Risk Officer has reporting 
responsibility  to  the  Board’s  Risk  and  Compliance  Committee  while  the  Chief  Information  Officer  has  reporting 
responsibility to the Board’s Information Technology Committee.  The Risk and Compliance Committee consists of eight 
directors, seven of whom are independent, while the Information Technology Committee consists of three directors, two 
of whom are members of the Risk and Compliance Committee. The Company Board includes members who have expertise 
in cybersecurity, fraud, and risk management.  Cybersecurity risks are primarily assessed, monitored, and remediated by 
the CISO who has a Ph.D. in Information Technology with a concentration in Information Assurance and experience in 
the  information  technology  and  cybersecurity  fields  and  maintains  advanced  cybersecurity  centric  certifications.    The 
CISO’s knowledge and experience in the cybersecurity field are key to executing our cybersecurity program.  Our CISO 
oversees proactive initiatives, remediation plans of known risks, compliance with regulations and standards and disaster 
recovery, business continuity, and incident response efforts.  Additionally, the Bank’s CRO who leads the management 
risk function, has extensive experience in risk management. 

The cybersecurity programs include a cross-function team of trained internal and external information security 
professionals, all of whom are required to maintain industry accredited certifications.  We have an Incident Response Team 
chaired by our Chief Operating Officer that is comprised of executive management and designated managers, including 
the CISO.  The purpose of our incident response plan is to manage incidents, including information security incidents, 
efficiently and effectively to minimize loss and destruction, mitigate weaknesses, restore services, notify customers, as 
required by law, comply with regulatory requirement and any third-party obligations. 

The CISO and CRO play a pivotal role in informing the Board of all cybersecurity risks.  These positions provide 
comprehensive updates to the Risk Management Committee of the Board, at least quarterly.  The briefings combine a 
range of updates, including the cybersecurity program, emerging risks, and risk reporting.  The CISO and CRO also provide 
a monthly overview of the cybersecurity landscape to the Board of Directors. 

Managing Material Risks and Integrated Overall Risk Management 

The  Company  maintains  documented  processes,  procedures,  and  controls  for  assessing,  identifying,  and 
managing  material  risks  from  cybersecurity  threats.    Cybersecurity  threats  are  identified  utilizing  risk  assessments, 
detection tools, information gathering and performing internal, external, and third-party contracted security assessments. 

52 

 
Cybersecurity Threats 

To assess and manage cybersecurity threats, the Company maintains an Incident Response Team comprised of 
members from the major business areas in the Company to ensure appropriate subject matter specialists are represented.  
All cybersecurity events include a determination of whether the incident has materially affected or is reasonably likely to 
materially affect the Company’s business strategy, results of operations or financial condition by following implemented 
processes. 

The Company has not identified any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected operations or financial 

position. 

Oversee Third-Party Risk 

The Company has processes to oversee and identify material risks from reported cybersecurity threats from any 
third-party service providers or vendors.  The Company’s vendor management program requires initial due diligence, on-
going monitoring, and annual recertification of third-party cybersecurity controls.  

Cybersecurity Risks 

Management and the Board of Directors acknowledge that technology systems, managed both by the Company 

and third-party service providers, are critical to business operations and therefore require appropriate risk management. 

Engagement with Third Parties on Risk Management 

Cybersecurity  is  an  integral  part  of  the  risk  management  program,  which  is  supported  through  the  use  of 
consultants, auditors and other third-parties who assist with reviewing and validating the effectiveness of cybersecurity 
controls.  Our internal audit function actively participates and engages with those managing the cybersecurity program to 
validate the effectiveness of implemented safeguards.  Our external audit results are reviewed and reported in our annual 
filing and to the Board Audit Committee.  Additionally, the Company and the Bank are regulated entities and undergo 
regulatory reviews to ensure the Company and the Bank are in compliance will all appropriate standards. 

Item 2.    Properties. 

As of December 31, 2023, the Bank conducted its business through 27 full-service offices and its Internet Branch. 

The Company neither owns nor leases any property but instead uses the premises and equipment of the Bank. 

Item 3.    Legal Proceedings. 

We are involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business which, in the aggregate, 
involve amounts which are believed by management to be immaterial to our financial condition, results of operations and 
cash flows. 

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Not applicable. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5.    Market  for  the  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of 
Equity Securities. 

The Holding Company’s Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market® under the symbol 
“FFIC.”  As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately 814 shareholders of record, not including the number of persons 
or entities holding stock in nominee or street name through various brokers and banks.  

The following table sets forth information regarding the shares of common stock repurchased by us during the 

quarter ended December 31, 2023: 

Period 
October 1 to October 31, 2023 
November 1 to November 30, 2023 
December 1 to December 31, 2023 

Total 

     Maximum 
Number of 

  Total Number of 
  Shares Purchased    Shares That May 
  as Part of Publicly   Yet Be Purchased
  Announced Plans    Under the Plans 

or Programs 

or Programs 

  Average Price 
  Paid per Share   

Total 
Number 
of Shares 
  Purchased 

 —   $ 
 —  
 38,815  
 38,815   $ 

 —  
 —  
 15.08  
 15.08   

 —  
 —  
 38,815  
 38,815  

 846,779 
 846,779 
 807,964 

On  July  27,  2021,  the  Company  announced  the  authorization  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  a  common  stock 
repurchase program, which authorizes the purchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of its common stock. This program was 
completed in 2022 and on May 17, 2022, an additional 1,000,000 share authorization was announced. This program was 
completed in 2023 and on May 31, 2023, an additional 1,000,000 share authorization was announced. During the years 
ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company repurchased 786,498 shares and 1,253,725 shares, respectively, of the 
Company’s common stock at an average cost of $14.59 per share and $21.73 per share, respectively. At December 31, 
2023, 807,964 shares remain to be repurchased under the current stock repurchase program. Stock will be purchased under 
the  current  stock repurchase program from time  to  time,  in  the  open market  or  through private  transactions  subject  to 
market conditions and at the discretion of the management of the Company. There is no expiration or maximum dollar 
amount under this authorization. 

The  following  table  sets  forth  securities  authorized  for  issuance  under  all  equity  compensation  plans  of  the 

Company at December 31, 2023: 

(c) 
  Number of securities 
  remaining available for
  future issuance under 
  equity compensation 

(a) 

(b) 

  Number of securities to    Weighted-average 
  be issued upon exercise  
exercise price of 
  of outstanding options,    outstanding options,    securities reflected in 
  warrants and rights 

  warrants and rights   

plans (excluding 

column (a) 

Equity compensation plans approved by 
security holders 

Equity compensation plans not approved by 
security holders 

 —   $ 

 —  

 —   $ 

 —    

 —    

 —    

746,910 

 — 

 746,910 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
      
 
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
      
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Stock Performance Graph 

The following graph shows a comparison of cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common stock 
since December 31, 2018 with the cumulative total returns of a broad equity market index as well as comparative published 
industry indices. The broad equity market index chosen was the Nasdaq Composite and the comparative published industry 
indices used were the S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index and the S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index. The 
S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index was chosen for inclusion in the Company’s Stock Performance Graph 
because the Company believes it provides valuable comparative information reflecting the Company’s geographic peer 
group. The S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index was chosen for inclusion in the Company’s Stock Performance Graph because 
it uses a broader group of banks and therefore more closely reflects the Company’s size. The Company believes that both 
geographic area and size are important factors in analyzing the Company’s performance against its peers. The graph below 
reflects historical performance only, which is not indicative of possible future performance of the common stock. 

The total return assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2018 and all dividends reinvested through the end of 
the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The performance graph above is based upon closing prices on the 
trading date specified. 

    12/31/18    12/31/19    12/31/20    12/31/21    12/31/22    12/31/23
Index 
   100.00   104.39  
Flushing Financial Corporation 
97.23 
   100.00   136.69   198.10   242.03   163.28   236.17 
NASDAQ Composite Index 
S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index 
   100.00   131.89   130.44   189.83   139.58   104.07 
S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index     100.00   142.19   128.53   162.33   137.10   166.23 

85.49   129.36   107.48  

Period Ending 

Item 6. Reserved 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

As used in this discussion and analysis, the words “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are used to refer to 
Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Holding Company”) and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Flushing 
Bank (the “Bank”), Flushing Service Corporation, FSB Properties Inc., and Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation, 
which was dissolved as of June 30, 2021. Discussion and analysis of our 2022 fiscal year specifically, as well as the year-
over-year  comparison  of  our  2022  financial  performance  to  2021,  are  located  under  Part  II,  Item  7  –  Management’s 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 14, 2023, which is available on our investor relations 
website at FlushingBank.com and the SEC’s website at sec.gov. 

General 

We  are  a  Delaware  corporation  organized  in  1994.  The  Bank  was  organized  in  1929  as  a  New  York  State-
chartered mutual savings bank. Today the Bank operates as a full-service New York State commercial bank. The primary 
business of the Holding Company has been the operation of the Bank. The Bank owned two subsidiaries during 2023: 
Flushing Service Corporation, and FSB Properties Inc. The Bank also operates an internet branch, which operates under 
the brands of iGObanking® and BankPurely® (the “Internet Branch”). The Bank’s primary regulator is the New York 
State Department of Financial Services, and its primary federal regulator is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 
(“FDIC”). The Bank’s deposits are insured to the maximum allowable amount by the FDIC. 

The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and 
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed during 2007 to issue 
a total of $60.0 million of capital securities, and $1.9 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities). 
The Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance 
of these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in 
our consolidated financial statements, as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur. 

The following discussion of financial condition and results of operations includes the collective results of the 
Holding  Company  and  its  subsidiaries  (collectively,  the  “Company”),  but  reflects  principally  the  Bank’s  activities. 
Management views the Company as operating as a single unit - a community bank. Therefore, segment information is not 
provided. 

Overview 

Our principal business is attracting retail deposits from the general public and investing those deposits together 
with funds generated from ongoing operations and borrowings, primarily in (1) originations and purchases of multi-family 
residential properties, commercial business loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-to-
four  family  (focusing  on  mixed-use  properties,  which  are  properties  that  contain  both  residential  dwelling  units  and 
commercial  units);  (2) construction  loans;  (3) Small  Business  Administration  (“SBA”)  loans;    (4) mortgage  loan 
surrogates such as mortgage-backed securities; and (5) U.S. government securities, corporate fixed-income securities and 
other marketable securities. We also originate certain other consumer loans including overdraft lines of credit. Our results 
of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between the income earned on its interest-
earning assets and the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is the result of our interest rate margin, 
which is the difference between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing 
liabilities, adjusted for the difference in the average balance of interest-earning assets as compared to the average balance 
of interest-bearing liabilities. We also generate non-interest income from loan fees, service charges on deposit accounts, 
mortgage servicing fees, and other fees, income earned on Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”), dividends on Federal 
Home Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) stock and net gains and losses on sales of securities and loans. Our operating 
expenses consist principally of employee compensation and benefits, occupancy and equipment costs, other general and 
administrative  expenses  and  income  tax  expense.  Our  results  of  operations  can  also  be  significantly  affected  by  our 
periodic provision for credit losses and specific provision for losses on real estate owned. 

56 

 
Management Strategy. Our strategy is to continue our focus on being an institution serving consumers, businesses, 

and governmental units in our local markets. To achieve this objective, we intend to: 

  manage cost of funds and continue to improve funding mix; 

 

add loans with appropriate risk adjusted returns; 

  manage credit risk; 

 

 

increase our commitment to the multi-cultural marketplace, with a particular focus on the Asian community; 

attract, retain and develop human capital; and 

  manage enterprise-wide risk. 

There can be no assurance that we will be able to effectively implement this strategy. Our strategy is subject to 

change by the Board of Directors. 

Manage cost of funds and continue to improve funding mix. We have a relatively stable retail deposit base drawn 
from our market area through our full-service offices. Although we seek to retain existing deposits and maintain depositor 
relationships  by  offering  quality  service  and  competitive  interest  rates  to  our  customers,  we  also  seek  to  keep  deposit 
growth  within  reasonable  limits  and  our  strategic  plan.  In  order  to  implement  our  strategic  plan,  we  have  built  multi-
channel deposit gathering capabilities. In addition to our full-service branches we gather deposits through our Internet 
Branch and a government banking unit. The Internet Branch currently offers savings accounts, money market accounts, 
checking accounts, and certificates of deposit. This allows us to compete on a national scale without the geographical 
constraints  of  physical  locations.  At  December 31,  2023  and  2022,  total  deposits  at  our  Internet  Branch  were  $183.8 
million and $154.6 million, respectively.  

The  government  banking  unit  provides  banking  services  to  public  municipalities,  including  counties,  cities, 
towns, villages, school districts, libraries, fire districts, and the various courts throughout the New York City metropolitan 
area. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, total deposits in our government banking unit totaled $1,587.9 million and $1,653.3 
million, respectively. Additionally, we have a business banking group which was designed specifically to develop full 
business relationships thereby bringing in lower-costing checking and money market deposits. At December 31, 2023 and 
2022, deposits  balances  in  the  business banking group  were $410.4  million  and  $386.6  million,  respectively. We  also 
obtain deposits through brokers and the IntraFi Network.  

Management intends to balance its goal to maintain competitive interest rates on deposits while seeking to manage 
its overall cost of funds to finance its strategies. We generally rely on our deposit base as our principal source of funding. 
During 2023, we realized an increase in due to depositors (excluding escrow accounts) of $327.7 million, as certificates 
of deposits increased $785.0 million and core deposits decreased $457.3 million.  

We  continue  to  focus on  obtaining  additional  deposits  from  our  lending  customers  and originating  additional 
loans to our deposit customers. Product offerings were expanded and are expected to be further expanded to accommodate 
perceived customer demands. In addition, specific employees are assigned responsibilities of generating these additional 
deposits and loans by coordinating efforts between lending and deposit gathering departments. 

Add  loans  with  appropriate  risk  adjusted  returns.  Management  continues  to  focus  on  originating  loans  with 
appropriate risk adjusted returns. During 2023, gross loans decreased by $27.4 million, or 0.4% to $6,898.3 million at 
December 31, 2023, from $6,925.8 million at December 31, 2022.  

57 

 
 
 
The following table shows loan originations and purchases during 2023, and loan balances as of December 31, 

2023. 

Loan 
  Originations and  
Purchases 

    Gross Loan Balances    
December 31, 
2023 

  Percent of 
  Gross Loans   

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family ― mixed-use 
property 
One-to-four family ― residential 
Construction 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and Other 
Total 

(Dollars in thousands) 

  $ 

 232,715   $ 
 184,382  

 2,658,205   
 1,958,252   

 38.53 %
 28.39  

 20,097  
 6,883  
 34,381  
 2,300  
 337,322  
 818,080   $ 

 530,243   
 220,213   
 58,673   
 20,205   
 1,452,518   
 6,898,309   

 7.69  
 3.19  
 0.85  
 0.29  
 21.06  
 100.00 %

  $ 

At December 31, 2023, multi-family residential, commercial business and other loans and commercial real estate 
loans,  totaled  88.0%  of  our  gross  loans.  We  have  repositioned  our  loan  growth  to  reduce  credit  risk;  however,  our 
concentration  in  these  types  of  loans  could  require  us  to  increase  our  provisions  for  credit  losses  and  to  maintain  an 
allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans in excess of the allowance currently maintained. 

Manage credit risk. By adherence to our conservative underwriting standards, we have been able to minimize net 
losses from non-performing loans. We incurred total net charge-offs of $10.8 million, $1.5 million and $3.1 million during 
the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The charge-offs in 2023 were primarily related to two 
relationships that were fully charged-off. We seek to minimize losses by adhering to our defined underwriting standards, 
which among other things generally require a debt service coverage ratio of at least 125% and loan to value ratio of 75% 
or less. The average loan to value for the real estate dependent loan portfolio was less than 36.0% and the average loan to 
value for non-performing loans collateralized by real estate was 34.1% at December 31, 2023. We seek to maintain our 
loans in performing status through, among other things, disciplined collection efforts, and consistently monitoring non-
performing assets in an effort to return them to performing status. To this end, we review the quality of our loans and 
report to the Loan Committee of the Board of Directors of the Bank on a monthly basis. We sold 13 delinquent loans 
totaling $7.0 million, seven delinquent loans totaling $6.9 million, and 33 delinquent loans totaling $28.6 million during 
the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. There can be no assurances that we will continue this 
strategy in future periods, or if continued, we will be able to find buyers to pay adequate consideration. Non-performing 
loans totaled $25.2 million and $32.4 million at December 31,  2023 and 2022, respectively. Non-performing assets as 
a percentage of total assets were 0.54% and 0.63% at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

Increase Our Commitment to the Multi-Cultural Marketplace, with a Particular Focus on the Asian Community. 
Our  branches  are  all  located  in  the  New  York  City  metropolitan  area  with  particular  concentration  in  the  borough  of 
Queens. Queens is characterized with a high level of ethnic diversity. An important element of our strategy is to service 
multi-ethnic consumers and businesses. We have a particular presence and concentration in Asian communities, including 
in  particular  the  Chinese  and  Korean  populations.  Both  groups  are  noted  for  high  levels  of  savings,  education  and 
entrepreneurship. In order to service these and other important ethnic groups in our market, our staff speaks more than 20 
languages.  We  have  an  Asian  advisory  board  to  help  broaden  our  links  to  the  community  by  providing  guidance  and 
fostering awareness of our active role in the local community. As of December 31, 2023, we had nine branches which 
have a particular focus on the Asian community, of which six are in the borough of Queens, one is in the borough of 
Manhattan, one is in the borough of Brooklyn and one on Long Island, with deposits and loans totaling $1,286.2 million 
and $759.1 million, respectively, in these locations.  

Manage Enterprise-Wide Risk. We identify, measure and attempt to mitigate risks that affect, or have the potential 
to affect, our business. Due to past economic crises and recent increases in government regulation, we devote significant 
resources to risk management. We have a seasoned risk officer to provide executive risk leadership, and an enterprise-
wide risk management program. Several enterprise risk management analytical products are in use which include key risk 
indicators. We also have had a chief information security officer even before one was required by NYDFS rulemaking. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Our management of enterprise-wide risk enables us to recognize and monitor risks and establish procedures to disseminate 
the risk information across our organization and to our Board of Directors. The objective is to have a robust and focused 
risk management process capable of identifying and mitigating emerging threats to the Bank’s safety and soundness. 

Trends  and  Contingencies.  Our  operating  results  are  significantly  affected  by  national,  regional  and  local 
economic and competitive conditions, including changes in market interest rates, the strength of the local and regional 
economy,  government  policies  and  actions  of  regulatory  authorities.  We  have  remained  strategically  focused  on  the 
origination  of  multi-family  residential  mortgages,  commercial  mortgages  and  commercial  business  loans  with  a  full 
banking relationship. Because of this strategy, we were able to continue to achieve a higher yield on our mortgage portfolio 
than we would have otherwise experienced. 

 Loan originations and purchases were $818.1 million, $1,521.9 million, and $1,254.0 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. While we primarily rely on originating our own loans, we purchased 
$166.3  million,  $275.7  million,  and  $262.1  million  during  the years  ended  December 31,  2023,  2022,  and  2021, 
respectively. We purchase loans when the loans complement our loan portfolio strategy. Loans purchased must meet our 
underwriting standards when they were originated. 

During the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, the allocation of our loan portfolio has remained fairly 
consistent. The majority of our loans are collateralized by real estate, which comprised 88.9% of our gross loan portfolio 
at December 31, 2023 compared to 88.3% at December 31, 2022 and 87.8% at December 31, 2021. 

Due  to  depositors  increased  $327.7  million,  $103.7  million,  and  $242.8  million  in  2023,  2022,  and  2021, 
respectively.  The  deposit  mix  is  significantly  influenced  by  the  current  interest  rate  environment.  Brokered  deposits 
represented  16.2%,  13.2%,  and  9.8%  of  total  deposits  at  December 31,  2023,  2022,  and  2021,  respectively.  At 
December 31,  2023,  2022,  and  2021,  reciprocal  deposits  totaled  $760.3  million,  $659.5  million,  and  $763.7  million, 
respectively. 

Prevailing interest rates affect the extent to which borrowers repay and refinance loans. In a declining interest 
rate environment, the number of loan prepayments and loan refinancing tends to increase, as do prepayments of mortgage-
backed securities. Call provisions associated with our investments in U.S. government agency and corporate securities 
may also adversely affect yield in a declining interest rate environment. Such prepayments and calls may adversely affect 
the yield of our loan portfolio and mortgage-backed and other securities as we reinvest the prepaid funds in a lower interest 
rate environment. However, we typically receive additional loan fees when existing loans are refinanced, which partially 
offsets the reduced yield on our loan portfolio resulting from prepayments. In periods of low interest rates, our level of 
core deposits also may decline if depositors seek higher-yielding instruments or other investments not offered by us, which 
in turn may increase our cost of funds and decrease our net interest margin to the extent alternative funding sources, are 
utilized. By contrast, an increasing interest rate environment would tend to extend the average lives of lower yielding fixed 
rate mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, which could adversely affect net interest income. In addition, depositors 
tend to open longer term, higher costing certificate of deposit accounts which could adversely affect our net interest income 
if  rates  were  to  subsequently  decline.  Additionally,  adjustable-rate  residential  mortgage  loans  and  mortgage-backed 
securities generally contain interim and lifetime caps that limit the amount the interest rate can increase at re-pricing dates. 

Net interest income decreased $64.5 million or 26.5% to $179.2 million for the twelve months ended December 
31, 2023 from $243.6 million for the prior year, primarily due to a decrease of 87 basis points in the net interest margin to 
2.24% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in the net interest margin for 2023 was primarily 
due to an increase in our funding costs, partially offset by an increase in the yield of our interest-earning assets. During 
2023, the cost of borrowed funds increased 180 basis points to 4.34% from 2.54% in the comparable prior period while 
the cost of interest-bearing deposits increased 228 basis points to 3.15% from 0.87% for the prior year. The cost of deposits 
rose as we increased the rates we pay resulting from the Federal Reverse raising rates. The increase in the yield of our 
interest-earning assets was primarily due to loans originating at a rate greater than the average portfolio yield, the increase 
of rates on adjustable rate loans, and repricing of loans as reset dates are met. 

We  are  unable  to  predict  the  direction  or  timing  of  future  interest  rate  changes.  Approximately  80%  of  our 

certificates of deposit accounts and borrowings will reprice or mature during the next year.  

59 

 
Interest Rate Risk 

Asset/Liability Management. Asset/liability management involves assessing, monitoring and managing interest 
rate risk. The ALCO Investment committee of the Board of Directors has primary oversight responsibility of interest rate 
risk. At the management level, the ALCO committee, which consists of representatives from treasury, finance, business 
units, and senior management, oversee these risks and provide reports to the ALCO Investment committee of the Board 
of Directors on a regular basis. These reports quantify the potential changes in net interest income and net portfolio value 
through various interest rate scenarios. The ALCO committee of the Board of Directors has established limits for changes 
in interest rates both economic value of equity and income simulation analysis. Compliance with the limits is reviewed 
quarterly. 

Interest  rate  risk  is  the  impact  on  earnings  and  capital  from  changes  in  interest  rates.  Interest  rate  risk  exists 
because our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities may mature or reprice at different times or by different 
amounts. We assess interest rate risk by comparing the results of several income and capital simulations scenarios to the 
base case with changes in interest rates, degree of change over time, speed of change, and changes in the shape of the yield 
curve.  These  scenarios  have  assumptions  including  loan  originations,  investment  securities  purchases  and  sales, 
prepayment rates on loans and investment securities, deposit flows, and mix and pricing decisions. 

Economic Value of Equity Analysis. The Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition have been prepared in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which require the 
measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in 
fair value of certain investments due to changes in interest rates. Generally, the fair value of financial investments such as 
loans and securities fluctuate inversely with changes in interest rates. As a result, increases in interest rates could result in 
decreases in the fair value of the Company’s interest-earning assets which could adversely affect the Company’s results 
of  operations  if  such  assets  were  sold,  or,  in  the  case  of  securities  classified  as  available  for  sale,  decreases  in  the 
Company’s stockholders’ equity, if such securities were retained. 

The Company quantifies the net portfolio value should interest rates immediately go up or down 200 basis points, 
assuming the yield curves of the rate shocks will be parallel to each other. Net portfolio value is defined as the market 
value  of  assets  net  of  the  market  value  of  liabilities.  The  market  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  is  determined  using  a 
discounted cash flow calculation. The net portfolio value ratio is the ratio of the net portfolio value to the market value of 
assets.  The  changes  in  value  are measured as percentage changes  from the  net  portfolio  value  at  the  base  interest  rate 
scenario.  The  base  interest  rate  scenario  assumes  interest  rates  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022.  Various  estimates 
regarding prepayment assumptions are made at each level of rate shock. 

The following table presents the Company’s interest rate shock as of December 31:  

Change in Interest Rate 
-200 Basis points 
-100 Basis points 
Base interest rate 
+100 Basis points 
+200 Basis points 

Net Portfolio Value (NPV) 
2022 
 5.69  % 
 3.20 
 - 
 (5.80)
 (11.55)

2023 
 (1.84) % 
 (0.86)
 - 
 (3.53)
 (6.65)

Net Portfolio Value Ratio 
2022   
 12.51  % 
 12.47 
 12.33 
 11.85 
 11.35 

2023 
 7.44  % 
 7.64 
 7.83 
 7.68 
 7.55 

The reduction in the Net Portfolio Value and the Net Portfolio Value Ratio in 2023 compared to 2022 is primarily 
due to the Company actively reducing its liability sensitive position by adding interest rate swaps and adding floating rate 
assets.  

Income  Simulation  Analysis.  The  Company  manages  the  mix  of  interest-earning  assets  and  interest-bearing 

liabilities on a continuous basis to maximize return and adjust its exposure to interest rate risk.  

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The starting point for the net interest income simulation is an estimate of the next twelve months’ net interest 
income assuming that both interest rates and the Company’s interest-sensitive assets and liabilities remain at period-end 
levels. The report quantifies the potential changes in net interest income should interest rates go up or down 100 or 200 
basis points (shocked), assuming the yield curves of the rate shocks will be parallel to each other. All changes in income 
are measured as percentage changes from the projected net interest income at the base interest rate scenario. The base 
interest  rate  scenario  assumes  interest  rates  at  December  31,  2023  and  2022.  Various  estimates  regarding  prepayment 
assumptions are made at each level of rate shock. There were no changes in the assumptions used in the income simulation 
process for 2023 and 2022. Assumed deposit betas are higher in a rising rate environment and lower in a declining rate 
environment. Prepayment penalty income is excluded from this analysis. Actual results could differ significantly from 
these estimates.  

The following table presents the Company’s interest rate shock as of December 31: 

Change in Interest Rate 
-200 Basis points 
-100 Basis points 
Base interest rate 
+100 Basis points 
+200 Basis points 

Projected Percentage Change In Net Interest Income 

2023 

2022 

 (0.41)% 
 (0.07)
 - 
 (2.62)
 (5.42)

 5.73  % 
 3.64   
 -   
 (7.31) 
 (14.61) 

During 2023, the Company strategically reduced its liability sensitive interest rate position by becoming more 

interest rate neutral. This was achieved by adding more interest rate hedges and floating rate assets.  

Another  net  interest  income  simulation  assumes  that  changes  in  interest  rates  change  gradually  in  equal 
increments  over  the  twelve-month  period.  Prepayment  penalty  income  is  excluded  from  this  analysis.  Based  on  these 
assumptions, net interest income would be reduced by 2.4% from a 200 basis point increase in rates over the next twelve 
months and be reduced by 0.5% from a 200 basis point decrease in rates over the same period. Actual results could differ 
significantly from these estimates.  

At  December  31,  2023,  the  Company  had  a  derivative  portfolio  with  a  notional  value  totaling  $2.5  billion 
compared to $1.4 billion at December 31, 2022. This portfolio is designed to provide protection against rising interest 
rates. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

A portion of this portfolio is comprised of forward swaps on certain short-term advances and brokered deposits 
totaling  $825.8  million  at  December  31,  2023,  $775.8  million  of  the  forward  starting  swaps  are  effective  swaps  at  a 
weighted  average  rate  of  2.39%  compared  to  $591.5  million  at  2.41%  at  December  31,  2022.  Of  the  $775.8  million 
outstanding at December 31, 2023, $50.0 million at an average rate of 1.25% will mature in April 2024 and will be replaced 
by forward starting swaps totaling $50.0 million at an average rate of 0.80%.  

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis of Net Interest Income (Loss) 

Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-
bearing liabilities. Net interest income depends upon the relative amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing 
liabilities and the interest rate earned or paid on them. 

The following table sets forth certain information relating to our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 
and Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, and reflects the average 
yield on assets and average cost of liabilities for the periods indicated. Such yields and costs are derived by dividing income 
or expense by the average balance of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. Average balances are derived 
from average daily balances. The yields include amortization of fees that are considered adjustments to yields. 

2023 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

Assets 
Interest-earning assets: 
Mortgage loans, net (1)(2) 
Other loans, net (1)(2) 

Total loans, net 

Taxable securities: 
Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 

Total taxable securities 

Tax-exempt securities: (3) 
Other securities 

Total tax-exempt securities 

Interest-earning deposits and federal funds sold   
Total interest-earning assets 
Other assets 

Total assets 

Interest-bearing liabilities: 
Deposits: 

Savings accounts 
NOW accounts 
Money market accounts 
Certificate of deposit accounts 
Total due to depositors 
Mortgagors' escrow accounts 

Total interest-bearing deposits 

Borrowings 

Total interest-bearing liabilities 
Non interest-bearing demand deposits 
Other liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Equity 

Total liabilities and equity 

Net interest income (loss) / net interest rate 
spread (4) 

Net interest-earning assets / net interest margin 
(5) 

Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-
bearing liabilities 

  Average 
     Balance 

Interest       Cost 

  Yield/  

Average 
      Balance 

  Yield/ 
Interest       Cost 

  Average 
      Balance 

  Yield/   

Interest       Cost 

(Dollars in thousands) 

  $  5,328,067    $ 267,178    
    88,170    
   355,348    

   1,517,282   
   6,845,349   

 5.01  %  $ 5,253,104    $ 228,065    
    65,222    
 5.81   
   293,287    
 5.19   

   1,488,486   
   6,741,590   

 4.34  %  $  5,146,195    $ 217,580    
    56,751    
 4.38   
   274,331    
 4.35   

   1,498,122   
   6,644,317   

 4.23  %  
 3.79   
 4.13   

 442,228   
 485,118  
 927,346   

    11,505    
    24,700    
    36,205    

 1,923    
 1,923    
 8,405    
   401,881    

 66,533   
 66,533   
 184,565   
   8,023,793   
 477,771   
  $  8,501,564   

 2.60   
 5.09   
 3.90   

 2.89   
 2.89   
 4.55   
 5.01   

 573,314   
 324,112   
 897,426   

 9,414    
 9,771    
    19,185    

 2,197    
 2,197    
 2,418    
   317,087    

 64,822   
 64,822   
 131,816   
   7,835,654   
 471,483   
$ 8,307,137   

 520   
    64,191   
    58,898   
    64,844   
   188,453   
 202   
   188,655   
    33,670   
   222,325   

 0.43   
 3.31   
 3.36   
 3.10   
 3.19   
 0.25   
 3.15   
 4.34   
 3.29   

  $ 

 121,102   
   1,937,974   
   1,754,059   
   2,091,677   
   5,904,812   
 81,015   
   5,985,827   
 776,050  
   6,761,877   
 867,667  
 196,869   
   7,826,413   
 675,151   
  $  8,501,564   

 211   
    15,353   
    19,039   
    12,547   
    47,150   
 135   
    47,285   
    25,725   
    73,010   

$  153,605   
   1,976,238   
   2,191,768   
   1,031,024   
   5,352,635   
 80,021   
   5,432,656   
   1,012,149   
   6,444,805   
   1,019,090   
 170,500   
   7,634,395   
 672,742   
$ 8,307,137   

 1.64   
 3.01   
 2.14   

 3.39   
 3.39   
 1.83   
 4.05   

 0.14   
 0.78   
 0.87   
 1.22   
 0.88   
 0.17   
 0.87   
 2.54   
 1.13   

 550,136   
 239,208  
 789,344   

 8,335    
 4,001    
    12,336    

 2,142    
 2,142    
 203    
   289,012    

 50,831   
 50,831   
 188,462   
   7,672,954   
 470,418   
$  8,143,372   

 1.52   
 1.67   
 1.56   

 4.21   
 4.21   
 0.11   
 3.77   

 255    
 5,453    
 7,271    
 7,340    
    20,319    
 5    
    20,324    
    20,269    
    40,593    

 0.16   
 0.25   
 0.35   
 0.71   
 0.38   
 0.01   
 0.37   
 2.24   
 0.63   

$ 
 157,640   
   2,165,762   
   2,059,431   
   1,033,187   
   5,416,020   
 77,552   
   5,493,572   
 905,094  
   6,398,666   
 922,741  
 173,019   
   7,494,426   
 648,946   
$  8,143,372   

  $ 179,556   

 1.72  %   

  $ 244,077   

 2.92  %    

  $ 248,419   

 3.14  %  

  $  1,261,916   

 2.24  %  $ 1,390,849   

 3.11  %  $  1,274,288   

 3.24  %  

 1.19  X    

 1.22  X    

 1.20  X 

(1)  Average balances include non-accrual loans. 
(2)  Loan interest income (loss) includes loan fee income (loss)(which includes net amortization of deferred fees and costs, late charges, and prepayment 
penalties) of approximately $0.8 million, $7.8 million, and $10.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. In 
addition, it includes net gains (losses) from fair value adjustments on hedges and swap termination fees totaling of $3.3 million, $0.8 million, and 
$2.1 million for December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. 
Interest and yields are calculated on the tax equivalent basis using statutory federal income tax rate of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 
2022, and 2021. 
Interest rate spread represents the difference between the average rate on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities. 

(4) 
(5)  Net interest margin represents net interest income (loss) before the provision for credit losses divided by average interest-earning assets. 

(3) 

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Rate/Volume Analysis 

The following table presents the impact of changes in interest rates and in the volume of interest-earning assets 
and  interest-bearing  liabilities  on  the  Company’s  interest  income  and  interest  expense  during  the  periods  indicated. 
Information is provided in each category with respect to (1) changes attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume 
multiplied by the prior rate), (2) changes attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by the prior volume) 
and  (3) the  net  change.  The  changes  attributable  to  the  combined  impact  of  volume  and  rate  have  been  allocated 
proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate. 

  Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31,

2023 vs. 2022 

Due to 

2022 vs. 2021 

Due to 

     Volume 

      Rate 

      Net 

      Volume 
(Dollars in thousands) 

      Rate 

      Net 

  $ 

 3,309   $ 
 1,283  
 (2,505) 
 6,243  
 57  

 35,804    $ 
 21,665   
 4,596   
 8,686   
 (331)  

 39,113   $ 
 22,948  
 2,091  
 14,929  
 (274) 

 4,656   $ 
 (365) 
 375  
 1,770  
 520  

 5,829    $ 
 8,836   
 704   
 4,000   
 (465)  

 10,485 
 8,471 
 1,079 
 5,770 
 55 

 1,270  
 9,657  

 4,717   
 75,137   

 5,987  
 84,794  

 (80) 
 6,876  

 2,295   
 21,199   

 2,215 
 28,075 

 (54) 
 (303) 
 (4,519) 
 20,936  
 2  
 (7,056) 

 363   
 49,141   
 44,378   
 31,361   
 65   
 15,001   

 309  
 48,838  
 39,859  
 52,297  
 67  
 7,945  

 (7) 
 (518) 
 488  
 (15) 
 —  
 2,559  

 (37)  
 10,418   
 11,280   
 5,222   
 130   
 2,897   

 (44)
 9,900 
 11,768 
 5,207 
 130 
 5,456 

 9,006  

    140,309   

    149,315  

 2,507  

 29,910   

 32,417 

Interest-Earning Assets: 
Mortgage loans, net 
Other loans, net 
Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 
Tax-Exempt securities 
Interest-earning deposits and 
federal funds sold 

Total interest-earning assets  

Interest-Bearing Liabilities: 
Deposits: 

Savings accounts 
NOW accounts 
Money market accounts 
Certificate of deposit accounts   
Mortgagors' escrow accounts 

Borrowings 

Total interest-bearing 
liabilities 

Net change in net interest income 
(loss) 

  $ 

 651   $   (65,172)   $   (64,521)  $ 

 4,369   $ 

 (8,711)   $ 

 (4,342)

Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 

General. Net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was $28.7 million, a decrease of $48.3 
million,  or  62.7%,  compared  to  $76.9  million  for  the  twelve months  ended  December  31,  2022.  Diluted  earnings  per 
common share were $0.96 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $1.54 per common share, or 
61.6%, from $2.50 per common share for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.  The decrease in net income was 
primarily due to a decline in the net interest margin which decreased 87 basis points to 2.24% for the twelve months ended 
December 31, 2023 from 3.11% for the comparable prior year period. The decline in the net interest margin was driven by 
the impact Federal Reserve rate increases had on our liability sensitive balance sheet as our interest-bearing liabilities 
repriced quicker than our interest-earning assets. To mitigate the sensitivity and ease net interest margin compression, the 
Company opportunistically sought out interest rate swaps to align with our strategic plans. 

Return on average equity decreased to 4.25% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, from 11.44% for 
the comparable prior year period. Return on average assets decreased to 0.34% for the twelve months ended December 
31, 2023 from 0.93% for the comparable prior year period. 

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Interest  Income.  Interest  income  increased  $84.9  million,  or  26.8%,  to  $401.5  million  for  the year  ended 
December  31,  2023  from  $316.6  million  for  the year  ended  December  31,  2022.  The  increase  in  interest  income  was 
primarily due to an increase of 96 basis points in the yield of interest-earning assets to 5.01% for the year ended December 
31, 2023 from 4.05% for the year ended December 31, 2022, coupled with an increase of $188.1 million in the average 
balance of  interest-earning assets to $8,023.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 from $7,835.7 million for 
the year ended December 31, 2022. The 96 basis point increase in the yield of interest-earning assets was primarily due to 
increases of 84 basis points, 176 basis points and 272 basis points in the yield of total loan, net, total securities and interest-
earning  deposits  and  federal  funds  sold,  respectively.  These  rate  increases  were  all  driven  by  the  rising  interest  rate 
environment  experienced 
loans  and  securities,  net 
recoveries/(reversals) of interest from non-accrual loans, net gains from fair value adjustments on hedges, swap termination 
fees and purchase accounting adjustments, the yield on total loans, net, increased 88 basis points to 5.08% for the year 
ended December 31, 2023 from 4.20% for the year ended December 31, 2022. 

in  2023.  Excluding  prepayment  penalty 

income  from 

Interest  Expense.  Interest  expense  increased  $149.3  million,  or  204.5%,  to  $222.3  million  for  the year  ended 
December  31,  2023  from  $73.0  million  for  the year  ended  December  31,  2022.  The  increase  in  interest  expense  was 
primarily due to an increase of 216 basis points in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 3.29% for the year 
ended December 31, 2023 from 1.13% for the year ended December 31, 2022, coupled with an increase of $317.1 million 
in the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities to $6,761.9 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 
from $6,444.8 million for the comparable prior year period. Rising rates have driven the increase in our cost of funds as 
the Federal Reserve increased rates by 100 basis points between December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2023.  

Net Interest Income. Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2023 totaled $179.2 million, a decrease 
of $64.5 million, or 26.5%, from $243.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease in net interest income 
was  primarily  due  to  a  decrease  of  120  basis  points  in  the  net  interest  spread  to  1.72%  for  the  twelve months  ended 
December 31, 2023 from 2.92% for the comparable prior year period. The net interest margin decreased 87 basis points to 
2.24% for the year ended December 31, 2023 from 3.11% for the year ended December 31, 2022. Included in net interest 
income was prepayment penalty income and net recoveries/(reversals) loans and securities totaling $2.3 million and $6.4 
million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, net gains (losses) from fair value adjustments on 
hedges  totaling  $0.4  million  and  $0.8  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  swap 
termination  fees  totaling  $3.0  million  and  none  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  and 
purchase  accounting  income  of  $1.5  million  and  $2.5  million  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023  and  2022, 
respectively. Excluding all of these items, the net interest margin for the year ended December 31, 2023 was 2.15%, a 
decrease of 84 basis points, from 2.99% for the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Provision (Benefit) for Credit Losses. Provision for credit losses was $10.5 million for the year ended December 
31, 2023, compared to $5.1 million during the comparable prior year period. The provision recorded in 2023 was driven 
by fully reserving for two non-accrual business loans and increasing reserves for the elevated risk presented by the current 
rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage ratios. The provision recorded in 2022 was primarily due to loan 
growth, increased reserves on specific credits, coupled with the ongoing environmental uncertainty resulting from high 
and rising inflation including increasing interest rates. During the year ended December 31, 2023, non performing loans 
decreased $7.2 million to $25.2 million from $32.4 million at December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 
2023, the Bank recorded net charge-offs totaling $10.8 million compared to $1.5 million recorded in the comparable prior 
year  period.  The  average  loan-to-value  ratio  for  our  non-performing  assets  collateralized  by  real  estate  was  51.7%  at 
December 31, 2023. The Bank continues to maintain conservative underwriting standards.  

Non-Interest Income. Non-interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was $22.6 million, 
an increase of $12.6 million, or 126.0%, from $10.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022. Non-interest 
income increased primarily due to the Company deciding to sell low yielding securities recognizing a loss of $10.9 million 
in 2022.  

Non-Interest  Expense.  Non-interest  expense  was  $151.4  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  an 
increase of $7.7 million, or 5.4%, from $143.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in non-interest 
expense was primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits, FDIC insurance premiums and other operating 
expenses.   

64 

Income Tax Provisions. Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased $16.7 million, or 
60.0%, to $11.2 million, compared to $27.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease was primarily 
due to the decline in income before income taxes. The effective tax rate was 28.0% for the year ended December 31, 2023 
compared to 26.6% in the prior year.  

Liquidity, Regulatory Capital and Capital Resources  

Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources.  Liquidity  is  the  ability  to  economically  meet  current  and  future  financial 
obligations. The Company’s primary objectives in terms of managing liquidity is to maintain the ability to originate and 
purchase loans, repay borrowings as they mature, satisfy financial obligations that arise in the normal course of business 
and meet our customer’s deposit withdrawal needs. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, principal and 
interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed and other securities, and proceeds from sales of securities and loans. Deposit 
flows  and  mortgage  prepayments,  however,  are  greatly  influenced  by  general  interest  rates,  economic  conditions  and 
competition. The Company has other sources of liquidity, including unsecured overnight lines of credit, brokered deposits 
and other types of borrowings. 

 Liquidity management is both a short and long-term function of business management. During 2023, funds were 
provided by the Company’s operating and financing activities, which were used to fund our investing activities. Our most 
liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents, which include cash and due from banks, overnight interest-earning deposits 
and federal funds sold with original maturities of 90 days or less. The level of these assets is dependent on our operating, 
financing, lending and investing activities during any given period. At December 31, 2023, cash and cash equivalents 
totaled $172.2 million, an increase of $20.4 million from December 31, 2022. We also held marketable securities available 
for  sale  with  a  market  value  of  $874.8  million  at  December  31,  2023.  A  portion  of  our  cash  and  cash  equivalents  is 
restricted cash held as collateral for interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, restricted cash totaled $47.9 
million and $67.0 million, respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash (including restricted cash) held in excess 
of  Federal  Deposit Insurance  Corporation (“FDIC”) deposit  insurance  limits  at other  commercial banks  totaling $61.2 
million, and $73.9 million, respectively. 

At December 31, 2023, the Bank was able to borrow up to $3,808.6 million from the FHLB-NY in Federal Home 
Loan  Bank  advances  and  letters  of  credit.  As  of  December  31,  2023,  the  Bank  had  $1,599.5  million  outstanding  in 
combined balances of FHLB-NY advances and letters of credit. At December 31, 2023, the Bank also has unsecured lines 
of credit with other commercial banks totaling $1,103.0 million, with $25.0 million outstanding. In addition, the Holding 
Company has subordinated debentures with a principal balance totaling $190.0 million and junior subordinated debentures 
with a face amount of $61.9 million and a carrying amount of $47.9 million. See Note 9 (“Borrowed Funds”) of Notes to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements, Management believes its available sources of funds are sufficient to fund current 
operations.  

At December 31, 2023, we had commitments to extend credit (principally real estate mortgage loans) and lines 
of credit (principally business lines of credit and home equity lines of credit) totaling $47.1 million and $440.3 million, 
respectively. Since generally all of the loan commitments are expected to be drawn upon, the total loan commitments 
approximate future cash requirements, whereas the amounts of lines of credit may not be indicative of our future cash 
requirements. The loan commitments generally expire in 90 days, while construction loan lines of credit mature within 18 
months  and  home  equity  loan  lines  of  credit  mature  within  10  years.  We  use  the  same  credit  policies  in  making 
commitments and  conditional  obligations  as  we  do for  on-balance-sheet instruments.  See  Note 16 (“Commitment  and 
Contingencies”) in Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Our total interest expense and non-interest expense in 2023 were $222.3 million and $151.4 million, respectively. 

We  maintain  three  postretirement  defined  benefit  plans  for  our  employees:  a  noncontributory  defined  benefit 
pension plan which was frozen as of September 30, 2006, a contributory medical plan, and a noncontributory life insurance 
plan. The life insurance plan was amended to discontinue providing life insurance benefits to future retirees after January 
1, 2010 and the medical plan was frozen to employees hired after January 1, 2011. We also maintain a noncontributory 
defined benefit plan for certain of our non-employee directors, which was frozen as of January 1, 2004. The employee 
pension plan is the only plan that we have funded. During 2023, we incurred cash expenditures of $0.1 million for each of 

65 

 
the medical and life insurance plans and the non-employee director plan. We did not make a contribution to the employee 
pension  plan  in  2023.  We  expect  to  pay  similar  amounts  for  these  plans  in  2024.  See  Note  12  (“Pension  and  Other 
Postretirement Benefit Plan”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The amounts reported in our financial statements are obtained from reports prepared by independent actuaries 
and  are  based  on  significant  assumptions.  The  most  significant  assumption  is  the  discount  rate  used  to  determine  the 
accumulated  postretirement  benefit  obligation  (“APBO”)  for  these  plans.  The  APBO  is  the  present  value  of  projected 
benefits that employees and retirees have earned to date. The discount rate is a single rate at which the liabilities of the 
plans are discounted into today’s dollars and could be effectively settled or eliminated. The discount rate used is based on 
the FTSE Pension Discount Curve and reflects a rate that could be earned on bonds over a similar period that we anticipate 
the plans’ liabilities will be paid. An increase in the discount rate would reduce the APBO, while a reduction in the discount 
rate would increase the APBO. During the past several years, when interest rates have been at historically low levels, the 
discount rate used for our plans has declined from 7.25% for 2001, to 4.73% for 2023. This decline in the discount rate 
has resulted in an increase in our APBO. 

The Company’s actuaries use several other assumptions that could have a significant impact on our APBO and 
periodic expense for these plans. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, expected rate of return on plan assets, 
future increases in medical and life insurance premiums, turnover rates of employees, and life expectancy. The accounting 
standards for postretirement plans involve mechanisms that serve to limit the volatility of earnings by allowing changes in 
the value of plan assets and benefit obligations to be amortized over time when actual results differ from the assumptions 
used, there are changes in the assumptions used, or there are plan amendments. At December 31, 2023, our employee 
pension plan had an unrecognized loss of $4.0 million. The medical and life insurance plan and non-employee director 
plan had unrecognized gains of $2.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively.  

The change in the discount rate is the only significant change made to the assumptions used for these plans for 
each of the three years ended December 31, 2023. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the actual 
(loss)  return  on  the  employee  pension  plan  assets  was  approximately  15%,  (658%),  and  (154%),  respectively,  of  the 
assumed return used to determine the periodic pension expense for that respective year. 

The market value of the assets of our employee pension plan is $19.2 million at December 31, 2023, which is 
$2.2 million more than the projected benefit obligation. We do not anticipate a change in the market value of these assets 
which would have a significant effect on liquidity, capital resources, or results of operations. 

At the time of the Bank’s conversion from a federally chartered mutual savings bank to a federally chartered 
stock savings bank, the Bank was required by its primary regulator to establish a liquidation account which is reduced as 
and to the extent that eligible account holders reduce their qualifying deposits. The balance of the liquidation account at 
December 31, 2023 was $0.3 million. In the unlikely event of a complete liquidation of the Bank, each eligible account 
holder will be entitled to receive a distribution from the liquidation account. The Bank is not permitted to declare or pay a 
dividend or to repurchase any of its capital stock if the effect would be to cause the Bank’s regulatory capital to be reduced 
below the amount required for the liquidation account but approval of the NYDFS Superintendent (the “Superintendent”) 
is required if the total of all dividends declared by the Bank in a calendar year would exceed the total of its net profits for 
that  year  combined  with  its  retained  net  profits  for  the  preceding  two  years  less  prior  dividends  paid.  The  amount  of 
dividends  the  Holding  Company  can  declare  and  pay  is  generally  limited  to  its  net  profits  for  the  preceding  year  less 
dividends paid during that period. In addition, dividends paid by the Holding Company would be prohibited if the effect 
thereof would cause the Holding Company’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements. 

We have significant obligations that arise in the normal course of business. We finance our assets with deposits 
and borrowings. We also use borrowings to manage our interest-rate risk. We have the means to refinance these borrowings 
as they mature or are called through our financing arrangements with the FHLB-NY and access to unsecured lines of credit 
with  other  commercial  banks.  See  Note  8  (“Deposits”)  and  Note  9  (“Borrowed  Funds”)  in  Notes  to  the  Consolidated 
Financial Statements. At December 31, 2023, we had borrowings obligations of $841.3 million of which $318.6 million 
represents our current obligations within one year, including borrowing callable within one year. At December 31, 2023, 
we had deposit obligations of $6,815.3 million of which $6,714.6 million represents our current obligations within one 
year.  

66 

At December 31, 2023, the Bank had 27 branches, which were all leased. In addition, we lease our executive 
offices. We currently outsource our data processing, loan servicing and check processing functions. We believe that this 
is the most cost effective method for obtaining these services. These arrangements are usually volume dependent and have 
varying terms. The contracts for these services usually include annual increases based on the increase in the consumer 
price index. At December 31, 2023, we had operating lease and purchasing obligations totaling $57.6 million.  

We currently provide a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for officers who have achieved the designated 
level and completed one year of service. However, certain officers who have not reached the designated level but were 
already participants remain eligible to participate in the Plan. In addition to the amounts deferred by the officers, we match 
50% of their contributions, generally up to a maximum of 5% of the officer’s salary. These plans generally require the 
deferred balance to be credited with earnings at a rate earned by certain mutual funds. At December 31, 2023, we had 
deferred  compensation  plan  obligations  of  $23.3  million.  This  expense  is  provided  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Income, and the liability has been provided in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 

Regulatory  Capital  Position.  Under  applicable  regulatory  capital  regulations,  the  Bank  and  the  Company  are 
required to comply with each of four separate capital adequacy standards: leverage capital, common equity Tier I risk-
based capital, Tier I risk-based capital and total risk-based capital. Such classifications are used by the FDIC and other 
bank regulatory agencies to determine matters ranging from each institution’s quarterly FDIC deposit insurance premium 
assessments, to approvals of applications authorizing institutions to grow their asset size or otherwise expand business 
activities. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Bank and the Company exceeded each of their four regulatory capital 
requirements. See Note 14 (“Regulatory Capital”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Critical Accounting Estimates 

The  preparation  of  our  consolidated  financial  statement  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting 
principles in the United States requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses.  Actual  results  may  differ  materially  from  these  estimates  and  changes  in 
assumptions could have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements. Our critical accounting policies that 
require  us  to  make  significant  judgments  or  estimates  are  described  below.  For  more  information  on  these  critical 
accounting policies and other significant accounting policies, see the Note 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 
– Use of Estimates”) in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The  Company’s  accounting  policies  are  integral  to  understanding  the  results  of  operations  and  statement  of 
financial condition. These policies are described in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Several of these 
policies require management’s judgment to determine the value of the Company’s assets and liabilities. The Company has 
established  detailed  written  policies  and  control  procedures  to  ensure  consistent  application  of  these  policies.  The 
Company has identified four accounting policies that require significant management valuation judgment: the allowance 
for credit losses, fair value of financial instruments, goodwill impairment and income taxes. 

Allowance for Credit Losses. An allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the 
amortized cost basis of the financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the 
financial assets. The amount of the ACL is based upon a loss rate model that considers multiple factors which reflects 
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the financial assets. Management estimates the allowance balance using 
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and 
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical 
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio 
mix, and internal loan processes Judgment is required to determine how many years of historical loss experience are to be 
included when reviewing historical loss experience. A full credit cycle must be used, or loss estimates may be inaccurate. 
This  evaluation  is  inherently  subjective,  as  it  requires  estimates  that  are  susceptible  to  significant  revisions  as  more 
information becomes available. 

The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process, 

support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each balance sheet date. 

In determining the allowance for credit losses, assumptions are input for economic forecasts, baseline loss rates, 
prepayment rates, utilization rates for off-balance sheet commitments, and forecast and reversion periods. The allowance 

67 

 
for  credit  losses  is  estimated  utilizing  internal  and  external  data,  information  derived  from  historical  events,  current 
conditions,  and  economic  forecasts.  Historically  observed  credit  loss  experience  adjusted  for  prepayment  and  macro-
economic variables, provide the basis for the estimation of quantitatively modeled expected credit losses.   

The  Company  includes  quantitative  factors  in  the  allowance  model  which  include  (1)  amortized  costs,  (2) 
collective and individual loan evaluations, (3) contractual terms, (4) prepayments, (5) basis for credit loss estimates, (6) 
recoveries, (7) reasonable and supportable forecast assumptions, and (8) off balance sheet commitments. 

Notwithstanding the judgment required in assessing the components of the ACL, the Company believes that the 
ACL is adequate to cover losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The policy has been applied on a consistent basis for all 
periods  presented  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  In  calculating  the  ACL,  the  Company  specifies  both  the 
reasonable  and  supportable  forecast  and  reversion  periods  in  three  economic  conditions  (expansion,  transition, 
contraction). When calculating the ACL estimate for December 31, 2023 and 2022, the reasonable and supportable forecast 
was  for  a  period  of  two  quarters  and  the  reversion  period  was  four  quarters.  See  Notes  2  (“Summary  of  Significant 
Accounting  Policies”)  and  3  (“Loans  and  Allowance  for  Credit  Losses”)  of  Notes to  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements.  

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company carries certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair 
value under the fair value option. Fair value is considered the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer 
a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  

The securities portfolio also consists of mortgage-backed and other securities for which the fair value election 
was not selected. These securities are classified as available for sale or held-to-maturity. Securities classified as available 
for sale are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, with changes in fair value recorded 
in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized cost in the Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Condition.  

Financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value are required to be measured based on the following 
alternatives:  (1)  quoted  prices  in  active  markets  for  identical  financial  instruments  (Level  1),  (2)  significant  other 
observable  inputs  (Level  2),  or  (3)  significant  unobservable  inputs  (Level  3).  Judgment  is  required  in  selecting  the 
appropriate level to be used to determine fair value. The majority of investments classified as available for sale and held-
to-maturity, were measured using Level 2 inputs, which require judgment to determine the fair value. The trust preferred 
securities held in the investment portfolio, and the Company’s junior subordinated debentures, were measured using Level 
3  inputs  due  to  the  inactive  market  for  these  securities.  The  significant  unobservable  inputs  used  in  the  fair  value 
measurement  of  the  Company’s  trust  preferred  securities  and  junior  subordinated  debentures  valued  under  Level  3  at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, are the effective yields used in the cash flow models. Significant increases or decreases in 
the  effective  yield  in  isolation  would  result  in  a  significantly  lower  or  higher  fair  value  measurement.  See  Notes 2 
(“Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies”),  6  (“Securities”)  and  19  (“Fair  Value  of  Financial  Instruments”)  of 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Goodwill Impairment. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite life and is tested for impairment, rather than 
amortized, on at least an annual basis. For the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, management has concluded that 
Company has one reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, there is no impairment 
of goodwill.  

Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are to be used as the basis for 
measurement, when  available. Other  acceptable valuation methods  include  an asset  approach, which determines  a  fair 
value based upon the value of assets net of liabilities, an income approach, which determines fair value using one or more 
methods that convert anticipated economic benefits into a present single amount, and a market approach, which determines 
a fair value based on the similar businesses that have been sold. 

At December 31, 2023, the fair value of our reporting unit is derived using a combination of an asset approach, 
and an income approach. These valuation techniques consider several other factors beyond our market capitalization, such 
as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting unit, the discount rate used to present value such cash flows and the 
market multiples of comparable companies. Changes to input assumptions used in the analysis could result in materially 
different evaluations of goodwill impairment. We monitor goodwill for potential impairment triggers on a quarterly basis.   

68 

  
At December 31, 2023, the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by $79.1 million, or 11.8%. 
Given the inherent uncertainties resulting from local, regional and global macroeconomic conditions including Federal 
Reserve interest rate policy decisions actual results may differ from management’s current estimates and could have an 
adverse impact on one or more of the assumptions used in our quantitative model prepared for the reporting unit, which 
could result in impairment charges in subsequent periods. See Note 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”) of 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Income Taxes. The Company estimates its income taxes payable based on the amounts it expects to owe to the 
various  taxing  authorizes  (i.e.,  federal,  state  and  local).  In  estimating  income  taxes,  management  assesses  the  relative 
merits and risks of the tax treatment of transactions, taking into account statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance in the 
context of the Company’s tax position. Management also relies on tax opinions, recent audits, and historical experience. 

The Company also recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of differences 
between  the  financial  statement  carrying  amounts  of  existing  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  respective  tax  bases.  A 
valuation  allowance  is  required  for  deferred  tax  assets  that  the  Company  estimates  are  more  likely  than  not  to  be 
unrealizable, based on evidence available at the time the estimate is made. These estimates can be affected by changes to 
tax laws, statutory tax rates, and future income levels. See Notes 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”) and 
10 (“Income Taxes”) of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

This  information  is  contained  in  the  section  captioned  “Interest  Rate  Risk”  under  Item.  7.  Management’s 
Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations  and  in  Notes 19  (“Fair  Value  of  Financial 
Instruments”) and 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of 
this Annual Report. 

69 

Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition 

Assets 
Cash and due from banks, (restricted cash of $47,945, and $66,345, respectively) 
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance of $1,087 and $1,100, respectively (assets pledged of $4,595 
and $4,550, respectively; fair value of $65,755 and $62,550, respectively) 
Securities available for sale, at fair value (assets pledged of $195,444 and $172,235, respectively; $13,359 
and $13,023 at fair value pursuant to the fair value option, respectively) 
Loans, net of fees and costs 

Less: Allowance for credit losses 

         Net loans 
Interest and dividends receivable 
Bank premises and equipment, net 
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock, at cost 
Bank owned life insurance 
Goodwill 
Core deposit intangibles 
Right of use asset 
Other assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 
Due to depositors: 

Non-interest bearing 
Interest-bearing 

Total Due to depositors 
Mortgagors' escrow deposits 
Borrowed funds: 

Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings 
Subordinated debentures 
Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value 

Total borrowed funds 
Operating lease liability 
Other liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) 

Stockholders' Equity 
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued) 
Common stock ($0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 34,087,623 shares issued; 28,865,810 
shares and 29,476,391 shares outstanding, respectively) 
Additional paid-in capital 
Treasury stock, at average cost (5,221,813 shares and 4,611,232 shares, respectively) 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes 

Total stockholders' equity 

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

$ 

$ 

$ 

December 31,  
2023 

December 31,  
2022 

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 172,157   
 72,923   

 874,753   

 6,906,950   
 (40,161) 
 6,866,789   
 59,018   
 21,273   
 31,066   
 213,518   
 17,636   
 1,537   
 39,557   
 167,009   
 8,537,236   

 847,416   
 5,917,463   
 6,764,879   
 50,382   

 605,801   
 187,630   
 47,850   
 841,281   
 40,822   
 170,035   
 7,867,399   

 —   
 341   

 264,534   
 (106,070) 
 549,683   
 (38,651) 
 669,837   

 151,754 
 73,711 

 735,357 

 6,934,769 
 (40,442)
 6,894,327 
 45,048 
 21,750 
 45,842 
 213,131 
 17,636 
 2,017 
 43,289 
 179,084 
 8,422,946 

 921,238 
 5,515,945 
 6,437,183 
 48,159 

 815,501 
 186,965 
 50,507 
 1,052,973 
 46,125 
 161,349 
 7,745,789 

 — 
 341 

 264,332 
 (98,535)
 547,507 
 (36,488)
 677,157 

$ 

 8,537,236   

$ 

 8,422,946 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
   
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
Consolidated Statements of Income  

Interest and dividend income  
Interest and fees on loans 
Interest and dividends on securities: 

Interest  
Dividends 

Other interest income  

Total interest and dividend income  

Interest expense 
Deposits 
Other interest expense  

Total interest expense 

Net interest income  
Provision (benefit) for credit losses 
Net interest income after provision (benefit) for credit losses 
Non-interest income  
Banking services fee income  
Net gain (loss) on sale of loans 
Net gain (loss) on disposition of assets 
Net gain (loss) on sale of securities  
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments 
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock dividends  
Life insurance proceeds 
Bank owned life insurance  
Other income 

Total non-interest income (loss) 

Non-interest expense 
Salaries and employee benefits  
Occupancy and equipment  
Professional services 
FDIC deposit insurance  
Data processing 
Depreciation and amortization of bank premises and equipment 
Other real estate owned / foreclosure expense 
Other operating expenses 

Total non-interest expense 
Income before income taxes 
Provision for income taxes 
Federal 
State and local 

Total provision for income taxes 

Net income  

Basic earnings per common share 
Diluted earnings per common share 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

  $ 

 355,348  

$ 

 293,287 $ 

 274,331 

 37,598  
 126  
 8,405  
 401,477  

 188,655  
 33,670  
 222,325  
 179,152  
 10,518  
 168,634  

 8,651  
 108  
 —  
 —  
 2,573  
 2,513  
 1,281  
 4,573  
 2,889  
 22,588  

 85,957  
 14,396  
 9,569  
 3,994  
 5,976  
 5,965  
 605  
 24,927  
 151,389  
 39,833  

 7,585  
 3,584  
 11,169  
 28,664  

 0.96  
 0.96  

$ 

$ 
$ 

 20,861  
 60   
 2,418   
 316,626   

 47,285   
 25,725   
 73,010   
 243,616   
 5,081   
 238,535   

 5,122   
 119   
 104  
 (10,948)  
 5,728   
 2,000   
 1,822   
 4,487   
 1,575   
 10,009   

 84,374   
 14,606   
 9,207   
 2,258   
 5,595   
 5,930   
 294   
 21,428   
 143,692   
 104,852   

 17,569   
 10,338   
 27,907   
 76,945 $ 

 2.50 $ 
 2.50 $ 

 13,999 
 29 
 203 
 288,562 

 20,324 
 20,269 
 40,593 
 247,969 
 (4,944)
 252,913 

 5,965 
 335 
 621 
 113 
 (12,995)
 2,097 
 — 
 4,044 
 3,507 
 3,687 

 88,310 
 14,002 
 7,439 
 2,951 
 7,044 
 6,425 
 323 
 20,828 
 147,322 
 109,278 

 20,078 
 7,407 
 27,485 
 81,793 

 2.59 
 2.59 

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
    
  
    
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
    
  
    
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
    
  
    
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income  

2023 

For the years ended December 31,  
2022 
(in thousands) 

2021 

Net income 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses, net of taxes of $123, $7, and ($159), respectively. 
Amortization of prior service credits, net of taxes of $0, $8, and $27, respectively. 
Unrecognized actuarial gains (losses), net of taxes of ($75), ($487), and ($109), respectively. 
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale, net of taxes of ($4,451), 
$28,900, and $3,455, respectively. 
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income, net of taxes of $0, 
($3,401) and $35, respectively. 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cashflow hedges, net of taxes of $4,762, ($12,081) and 
($7,216), respectively. 
Change in fair value of liabilities related to instrument-specific credit risk, net of taxes of ($74), 
$386 and ($237), respectively. 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 
Comprehensive net income (loss) 

  $ 

 28,664   $ 

 76,945   $ 

 81,793 

 (276) 
 —  
 170  

 (17) 
 (19) 
 1,043  

 341 
 (58)
 319 

 8,362  

 (64,381) 

 (7,484)

 —  

 7,547  

 (78)

 (10,584) 

 26,786  

 16,115 

 165  
 (2,163) 
 26,501   $ 

 (763) 
 (29,804) 
 47,141   $ 

 427 
 9,582 
 91,375 

  $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
     
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity 

Shares 
      Outstanding   

  Common 

Stock 

  Additional 

Paid-in 
      Capital 

Treasury 
Stock 

Retained 
      Earnings 

  Accumulated Other 
  Comprehensive Loss     

Total 

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 

Balance at December 31, 2020 

 30,775,854    $

 341 

$

 261,533 

$

 (69,400)

$

 442,789 

$

 (16,266)

$

 618,997 

Net income (loss) 
Award of shares released from Employee 
Benefit Trust  
Vesting of restricted stock unit awards  
Stock-based compensation expense 
Purchase of treasury shares  
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligation  
Dividends on common stock ($0.84 per 
share) 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of 
tax 

 —   

 —   
 261,628   
 —   
 (436,619)  
 (74,510)  

 —   

 —   

Balance at December 31, 2021 

 30,526,353    $

Net income (loss) 

Award of shares released from Employee 
Benefit Trust  
Vesting of restricted stock unit awards  

Stock-based compensation expense 

Purchase of treasury shares  
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligation  
Dividends on common stock ($0.88 per 
share) 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of 
tax 

 —  
 —  
 303,636  
 —  
 (1,253,725)  
 (99,873)  
 —  
 —  

Balance at December 31, 2022 

 29,476,391    $

Net income (loss) 

Vesting of restricted stock unit awards  

Stock-based compensation expense 

Purchase of treasury shares  
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligation  
Dividends on common stock ($0.88 per 
share) 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of 
tax 

 —  
 263,918  
 —  
 (786,498)  
 (88,001)  
 —  
 —  

 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 81,793 

 321 
 (5,308)
 6,829 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 5,477 
 — 
 (9,988)
 (1,382)

 — 
 (169)
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 

 — 

 (26,524)

 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 

 81,793 

 321 
 — 
 6,829 
 (9,988)
 (1,382)

 (26,524)

 — 
 341 

$

 — 
 263,375 

$

 — 
 (75,293)

$

 — 
 497,889 

$

 9,582 
 (6,684)

$

 9,582 
 679,628 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 287 

 (6,137)

 6,807 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 6,433 

 — 

 (27,246)

 (2,429)

 76,945 

 — 

 (296)

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 (27,031)

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 76,945 

 287 

 — 

 6,807 

 (27,246)

 (2,429)

 (27,031)

 — 
 341 

$

 — 
 264,332 

$

 — 
 (98,535)

$

 — 
 547,507 

$

 (29,804)
 (36,488)

$

 (29,804)
 677,157 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 (5,402)

 5,604 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 5,630 

 — 

 (11,473)

 (1,692)

 — 

 — 

 28,664 

 (228)

 — 

 — 

 — 

 (26,260)

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 — 

 28,664 

 — 

 5,604 

 (11,473)

 (1,692)

 (26,260)

 — 

 (2,163)

 (2,163)

Balance at December 31, 2023 

 28,865,810    $

 341    $

 264,534    $

 (106,070)  $

 549,683 

$

 (38,651)  $

 669,837 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

Operating Activities 
Net income (loss) 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by 
operating activities: 

Provision (benefit) for credit losses 
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment 
Net (loss) gain on sales of loans 
Net amortization (accretion) of premiums and discounts 
Net (loss) gain from disposition of assets 
Net loss (gain) from sale of securities 
Deferred income tax provision (benefit) 
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustments 
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustments of hedges 
Gain from life insurance proceeds 
Income from bank owned life insurance 
Stock-based compensation expense 
Deferred compensation 
Amortization of core deposit intangibles 

(Increase) decrease in other assets 
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

Investing Activities 
Purchases of premises and equipment 
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank New York stock 
Redemptions of Federal Home Loan Bank New York stock 
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity 
Proceeds from prepayments of securities held-to-maturity 
Purchases of securities available for sale 
Proceeds from sales and calls of securities available for sale 
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of securities available for 
sale 
Purchases of bank owned life insurance 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance 
Change in cash collateral 
Net repayments (originations) of loans 
Purchases of loans 
Proceeds from sale of loans 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 

2023 

For the year ended December 31,   
2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

  $ 

 28,664   $ 

 76,945    $ 

 81,793 

 10,518  
 5,965  
 (108) 
 498  
 —  
 —  
 3,721  
 (2,573) 
 (371) 
 (1,281) 
 (4,573) 
 5,604  
 (4,210) 
 480  
 (19,308) 
 11,559  
 34,585  

 (5,488) 
 (122,102) 
 136,878  
 —  
 794  
 (187,442) 
 —  

 57,493  
 —  
 3,068  
 (18,400) 
 198,240  
 (166,344) 
 9,042  
 (94,261) 

 5,081   
 5,930   
 (119) 
 1,139   
 (104) 
 10,948   
 144   
 (5,728) 
 (775) 
 (1,822) 
 (4,487) 
 6,807   
 (5,365) 
 545   
 11,775   
 (15,159) 
 85,755   

 (4,342) 
 (146,446) 
 136,541   
 (16,475) 
 387   
 (224,940) 
 73,276   

 96,861   
 —   
 3,945   
 66,345   
 (93,262) 
 (275,701) 
 31,993   
 (351,818) 

 (4,944)
 6,425 
 (335)
 (987)
 (621)
 (113)
 (1,725)
 12,995 
 (2,079)
 — 
 (4,044)
 6,829 
 (4,002)
 610 
 563 
 (1,767)
 88,598 

 (3,680)
 (7,065)
 14,567 
 - 
 - 
 (538,350)
 64,613 

 330,701 
 (25,000)
 — 
 — 
 290,890 
 (262,091)
 28,632 
 (106,783)

Continued 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION  
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued) 

Financing Activities 
Net increase (decrease) in noninterest-bearing deposits 
Net increase (decrease) in interest-bearing deposits 
Net increase (decrease) in mortgagors' escrow deposits 
Net (repayments) proceeds from short-term borrowed funds 
Proceeds from long-term borrowing 
Repayment of long-term borrowings 
Purchase of treasury shares and repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligations 
Cash dividends paid 

  $ 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period 

Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosure 
Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 

  $ 

  $ 

For the year ended December 31,   

2023 

2022 

2021 

(In thousands) 

 (73,822)  $ 
 400,804  
 2,223  
 (605,750) 
 661,050  
 (265,001) 
 (13,165) 
 (26,260) 
 80,079  
 20,403  
 151,754  
 172,157   $ 

 (46,383)  $   188,949 
 3,974 
 200,019     
 6,291 
 (3,754)    
 — 
 235,000     
 63,603       122,843 
 (55,685)     (341,643)
 (11,370)
 (29,675)    
 (26,524)
 (27,031)    
 (57,480)
 336,094     
 70,031     
 (75,665)
 81,723       157,388 
 81,723 
 151,754   $ 

 214,610   $ 
 6,269  

 63,680   $ 
 32,411     

 40,564 
 28,225 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

75 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
      
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

1. Nature of Operations 

Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Holding Company”), a Delaware business corporation, is the bank holding 
company of its wholly-owned subsidiary Flushing Bank (the “Bank”). The Holding Company and its direct and indirect 
wholly-owned  subsidiaries,  including  the  Bank,  Flushing  Service  Corporation  (“FSC”),  FSB  Properties Inc. 
(“Properties”), and Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation (“FPFC”), which was dissolved as of June 30, 2021, and are 
collectively herein referred to as the “Company.” 

The  Company’s  principal  business  is  attracting  deposits  from  public  entities  and  the  general  public,  while 
investing  those  deposits  together  with  funds  generated  from  ongoing  operations  and  borrowings,  primarily  in  (1) 
originations  and  purchases  of  multi-family  residential  properties,  commercial  business  loans,  commercial  real  estate 
mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-to-four family (focusing on mixed-use properties, which are properties that 
contain both residential dwelling units and commercial units); (2) construction loans, primarily for residential properties; 
(3) Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans and other small business loans; (4) mortgage loan surrogates such as 
mortgage-backed securities; and (5) U.S. government securities, corporate fixed-income securities and other marketable 
securities. The Bank also originates certain other consumer loans including overdraft lines of credit. The Bank primarily 
conducts its business through twenty-seven full-service banking offices, ten of which are located in Queens County, four 
in Nassau County, four in Suffolk County, six in Kings County (Brooklyn), and three in New York County (Manhattan), 
New York. The Bank also operates an internet branch, which operates under the brands of iGObanking® and BankPurely® 
(the “Internet Branch”), offering checking, savings, money market and certificates of deposit accounts. 

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company follow accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States of America (“GAAP”)  and general practices within  the banking  industry.  The policies which materially 
affect the determination of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows are summarized below. 

Principles of Consolidation: 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Holding  Company  and  the 
following direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Holding Company: the Bank, FPFC, FSC, and Properties. 
FPFC, which was dissolved as of June 30, 2021, was a real estate investment trust formed to hold a portion of the Bank’s 
mortgage loans to facilitate access to capital markets. FSC was formed to market insurance products and mutual funds. 
Properties is currently used to hold title to real estate owned acquired via foreclosure. Amounts held in a rabbi trust for 
certain non-qualified deferred compensation plans are included in the consolidated financial statements. All intercompany 
transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.  

The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and 
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed to issue a total of 
$60.0  million  of  capital  securities  and  $1.9  million  of  common  securities  (which  are  the  only  voting  securities).  The 
Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance of 
these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in our 
consolidated financial statements as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur. See Note 9, 
“Borrowed Funds,” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding these trusts. 

Use of Estimates: 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at 
the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates 

76 

 
that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term are used in connection with the determination of the allowance 
for  credit  losses,  the  evaluation  of  goodwill  for  impairment,  the  review  of  the  need  for  a  valuation  allowance  of  the 
Company’s deferred tax assets and the fair value of financial instruments. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents: 

For the purpose of reporting cash flows, the Company defines cash and due from banks, overnight interest-earning 
deposits and federal funds sold with original maturities of 90 days or less as cash and cash equivalents. Included in cash 
and cash equivalents at December 31, 2023 and 2022, were $145.3 million and $121.9 million, respectively, in interest-
earning deposits in other financial institutions, primarily comprised of restricted cash held as collateral for interest rate 
swaps and funds due from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-
NY”). The restricted cash totaled $47.9 million and $66.3. million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  

Securities: 

Securities are classified as held-to-maturity when management intends to hold the securities until maturity. Held-
to-maturity  securities  are  stated  at  amortized  cost,  adjusted  for  unamortized  purchase  premiums  and  discounts  and  an 
allowance for credit losses. Securities are classified as available for sale when management intends to hold the securities 
for an indefinite period of time or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes and may be sold 
from  time  to  time  to  effectively  manage  interest  rate  exposure  and  resultant  prepayment  risk  and  liquidity  needs. 
Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are excluded from earnings and reported as part of accumulated 
other comprehensive income/loss, net of taxes. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted, respectively, using the 
level-yield method. Realized gains and losses on the sales of securities are determined using the specific identification 
method. 

The Company has made a policy election to exclude accrued interest from amortized cost basis of debt securities. 
Accrued  interest  receivable  for  debt  securities  is  reported  in  “Interest  and  dividends  receivable”  on  the  Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Condition. The accrual of income on securities is generally discontinued when certain factors, 
such  as  contractual  delinquency  of  90  days  or  more,  indicate  reasonable  doubt  as  to  the  timely  collectability  of  such 
income. Uncollected interest previously recognized on non-accrual securities is reversed from interest income at the time 
the security is placed on non-accrual status. 

The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses for held-to-maturity debt securities is based on historical information, 
current conditions and a reasonable and supportable forecast. At December 31, 2023, and 2022 the Company’s portfolio 
was made up of four securities: two which were structured similar to a commercial owner occupied loan, and modeled for 
credit  losses  similar  to  commercial  business  loans  secured  by  real  estate;  the  third  was  under  forbearance  and  was 
individually evaluated for allowance for credit loss; and the fourth was issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, which is a 
government sponsored enterprise that has a credit rating and perceived credit risk comparable to the U.S. government. 
Accordingly, the Company assumes a zero loss expectation from the Fannie Mae security. The Company had an allowance 
for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities totaling $1.1 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

The Company reviewed each available for sale debt security that had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2023 
and December 31, 2022. The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is more likely than not the 
Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of the securities’ amortized cost basis. If the Company 
evaluates any decline in the fair value is due to credit loss factors and this valuation indicates that a credit loss exists, then 
the  present  value  of  cash  flows  expected  to  be  collected  from  the  security  is  compared  to  the  amortized  cost  basis  of 
security. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss 
exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than 
the amortized cost basis. 

The Company recorded tax exempt interest income totaling $1.5 million and $1.7 million for the years ended 

December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

77 

 
Goodwill: 

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  purchase  price  over  the  value  assigned  to  tangible  and  identifiable  intangible 
assets and liabilities assumed of business acquired. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite life and is tested annually 
for impairment, or more frequently when certain conditions are met. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than 
the carrying value, no further evaluation is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value, 
further evaluation would be required to compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value and determine if 
impairment is required. 

Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are to be used as the basis for 
measurement, when  available. Other  acceptable valuation methods  include  an asset  approach, which determines  a  fair 
value based upon the value of assets net of liabilities, an income approach, which determines fair value using one or more 
methods that convert anticipated economic benefits into a present single amount, and a market approach, which determines 
a fair value based on the similar businesses that have been sold. 

At December 31, 2023, the net book value of our reporting unit exceeded market capitalization, however the fair 
value of our reporting unit is not driven solely by the market price of our stock. As described above, fair value of our 
reporting  unit  is  derived  using  a  combination  of  an  asset  approach  and  income  approach.  These  valuation  techniques 
consider several other factors beyond our market capitalization, such as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting 
unit, the discount rate used to present value such cash flows and the market multiples of comparable companies. Changes 
to  input  assumptions  used  in  the  analysis  could  result  in  materially  different  evaluations  of  goodwill  impairment.  We 
qualitatively assess whether the carrying value of our reporting unit exceeds fair value. If this quantitative assessment 
determines  that  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  carrying  value  exceeds  fair  value,  further  qualitative  evaluation  for 
impairment  would  be  required  to  compare  the  fair  value  of  the  reporting  unit  to  the  carrying  value  and  determine  if 
impairment is required.  

In performing the goodwill impairment testing, the Company has identified a single reporting unit. The Company 
performed the quantitative assessment in reviewing the carrying value of goodwill as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and 
the qualitative assessment as of December 31, 2021, concluding that there was no goodwill impairment in any period. At 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, the carrying amount of goodwill totaled $17.6 million at each period. The identification of 
additional reporting units, the use of other valuation techniques and/or changes to input assumptions used in the analysis 
could result in materially different evaluations of goodwill impairment. 

Loans: 

Loans are reported at their outstanding principal balance net of any unearned income, charge-offs, deferred loan 
fees  and  costs on  originated  loans,  certain market  value  adjustments related  to  hedging  and  unamortized  premiums  or 
discounts on purchased loans. Loan fees and certain loan origination costs are deferred. Net loan origination costs and 
premiums or discounts on loans purchased are amortized into interest income over the contractual life of the loans using 
the level-yield method. Prepayment penalties received on loans which pay in full prior to their scheduled maturity are 
included in interest income in the period they are collected. 

Interest on loans is recognized on an accrual basis. The Company has made a policy election to exclude accrued 
interest from the amortized cost basis of loans. Accrued interest receivable for loans totaled $45.0 million and $34.5 million 
at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively and was reported in “Interest and dividends receivable” on the Consolidated 
Statements of Financial Condition. The accrual of income on loans is generally discontinued when certain factors, such as 
contractual  delinquency  of  90  days  or  more,  indicate  reasonable  doubt  as  to  the  timely  collectability  of  such  income. 
Uncollected interest previously recognized on non-accrual loans is reversed from interest income at the time the loan is 
placed on non-accrual status. A non-accrual loan can be returned to accrual status when contractual delinquency returns 
to less than 90 days delinquent. Payments received on non-accrual loans that do not bring the loan to less than 90 days 
delinquent are recorded on a cash basis. Payments can also be applied first as a reduction of principal until all principal is 
recovered and then subsequently to interest, if in management’s opinion, it is evident that recovery of all principal due is 
likely to occur.  

The Company recognizes a loan as non-performing when the borrower has demonstrated the inability to bring 
the loan current, or due to other circumstances which, in management’s opinion, indicate the borrower will be unable to 

78 

bring the loan current within a reasonable time. All loans classified as non-performing, which includes all loans past due 
90 days or more, are classified as non-accrual unless the loan is well secured and there is, in our opinion, compelling 
evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in the immediate future. Prior to a real estate secured loan becoming 90 
days delinquent, an updated appraisal is ordered and/or an internal evaluation is prepared. 

The  Company  may  purchase  loans  to  supplement  originations.  Loan  purchases  are  evaluated  at  the  time  of 
purchase  to  determine  the  appropriate  accounting  treatment.  Performing  loans  purchased  at  a  premium/discount  are 
recorded at the purchase price with the premium/discount being amortized/accreted into interest income over the life of 
the loan. All loans purchased during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were performing loans that did not 
display credit deterioration from origination at the time of purchase. The Company purchased loans totaling $166.3 million, 
$275.7  million,  and  $262.1  million  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022,  and  2021.  The  Company  has 
implemented a strategy of selling certain delinquent and non-performing loans. Once the Company has decided to sell a 
loan, the sale usually closes in a short period of time, generally within the same quarter. Loans designated held for sale are 
reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale. At the time of transfer, any ACL is reversed and the 
loans are transferred at the new amortized cost basis and accounted for at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. Write-
downs of loans transferred from held for investment to held for sale are recorded as charge-offs at the time of transfer. 
Subsequent  lower  of  cost  or  fair  value  adjustments  are  recognized  in  non-interest  income  as  a  valuation  allowance 
adjustment. Terms of sale include cash due upon the closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to the Company and 
servicing is released to the buyer. Additionally, at times the Company may sell participating interests in performing loans.  

Allowance for Credit Losses: 

The Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the 
financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial assets. Financial 
assets are charged off against that ACL when management believes that the balance is uncollectable based on quarterly 
analysis  of  credit  risk.  Additionally,  certain  off-balance  sheet  commitments  are  subject  to  the  same  estimate  of  credit 
losses. 

The  amount  of  the  ACL  is  based  upon  a  loss  rate  model  that  considers  multiple  factors  which  reflects 
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the loan portfolio. Management estimates the allowance balance using 
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and 
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical 
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio 
mix, and internal loan processes. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from our financial assets that are carried on an 
amortized cost basis. 

The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process, 

support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each balance sheet date. 

The process for calculating the allowance for credit losses begins with our historical losses by portfolio segment. 
The  losses  are  then  adjusted  to  incorporate  current  conditions  and  reasonable  and  supportable  forecast  to  develop  the 
quantitative component of the allowance for credit losses.  

The Bank has established an Asset Classification Committee which carefully evaluates loans which are past due 
90 days and/or are classified. The Asset Classification Committee thoroughly assesses the condition and circumstances 
surrounding each loan meeting the criteria. The Bank also has a Delinquency Committee that evaluates loans meeting 
specific criteria. The Bank’s loan policy requires loans to be placed into non-accrual status once the loan becomes 90 days 
delinquent unless there is compelling evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in the immediate future.   

For  the  quantitative  measurement,  the  Company’s  portfolio  consists  of mortgage  loans  secured by real  estate 
(both commercial and retail) and commercial business loans, which are primarily commercial business term loans and line 
of credit. Based on the Company’s evaluation of the loan portfolio, listed below are the pools that were established as a 
baseline level of segmentation with their primary risk factor. The Company confirms this data remains relevant in absence 
of changes to the composition of the portfolio.  

79 

The mortgage portfolio is a substantial component of the Company’s portfolio and it is a focus of the Company’s 
lending strategy, primarily focusing on multi-family and commercial real estate. While the mortgage portfolio consists of 
real-estate secured loans, the source of repayment and types of properties securing these loans varies and thus the Company 
first considered these differences as follows: 

One-to-four family residential – These loans are secured by residential properties for which the primary source 
of repayment is the income generated by the residential borrower. Delinquency status is considered a risk factor in this 
pool. 

One-to-four  family  mixed  use  property  –  These  loans  are  secured  by  residential  properties  for  which  the 
primary source of repayment is the income generated by the property. Unlike the one-to-four residential credits, properties 
securing mixed use loans include a commercial space component. Delinquency status is considered a risk factor in this 
pool. 

Multi-family residential – These loans are secured by multi-unit residential buildings for which the primary 
source of repayment is the income generated by the property. Properties securing multi-family loans have five or more 
residential units and thus a greater number of cash flow streams compared to one-to-four mixed use loans. Delinquency 
status and risk rating are considered risk factors in this pool. 

Commercial real estate – These loans are secured by properties for commercial use for which the primary source 
of repayment is the income generated by the property. Delinquency status, risk rating and collateral type are considered 
risk factors in this pool. 

Construction  –  These  loans  are  provided  to  fund  construction  projects  for  both  residential  and  commercial 
properties.  These  loans  are  inherently  different  from  all  others  as  they  represent  “work  in  progress”  and  expose  the 
Company  to  risk  from  non-completion  and  less  recovery  value  should  the  sponsor  of  an  unfinished  property  default. 
Delinquency status and risk rating are considered risk factors in this pool. 

Relative to the commercial business portfolio, the Company considered the following categories as a baseline for 

evaluation: 

Commercial Business – These loans are not typically secured by real estate. The primary source of repayment 
is cash flows from operations of the borrower’s business. Within this category are SBA credits and equipment finance 
credits. Delinquency status, risk rating and industry are considered risk factors in this pool. 

Commercial Business secured by real estate – These loans are secured by properties used by the borrower for 
commercial use where the primary source of repayment is expected to be the income generated by the borrower’s business 
use  of  the  property.  The  Company  recognizes  in  circumstances  where  the  borrower  is  not  performing,  the  real  estate 
collateral  would  be  the  source  of  repayment.  The  Company  considers  these  credits  to  be  less  risky  than  commercial 
business  loans,  however,  riskier  than  commercial  real  estate  loans.  Delinquency  status,  risk  rating  and  industry  are 
considered risk factors in this pool.  

Overdrafts – These are unsecured consumer lines of credits and are an immaterial component of the Company’s 

portfolio. 

For the qualitative measurement, the Company aggregated the portfolio segments according to three business 
units:  business  banking,  residential  and  commercial  real  estate.  Management  evaluates  nine  qualitative  risk  factors  to 
determine if the risk is captured elsewhere in the ACL process. If not captured elsewhere, the Company has identified 
specific risk factors to evaluate and incorporate into its Qualitative Framework. Some risk factors include time to maturity, 
origination loan-to-value, loan type composition, the value of underlying collateral, changes in policies and procedures for 
lending  strategies  and  underwriting  standards,  collection  and  recovery  practices,  internal  credit  review,  changes  in 
personnel,  loan  debt  coverage  ratios,  divergence  between  the  levels  of  NYC  and  national  unemployment,  divergence 
between the NYC GDP and national GDP, industry concentrations and riskiness and large borrower concentrations. 

80 

The  Company  may  modify  loans  to  enable  a  borrower  experiencing  financial  difficulties  to  continue  making 
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. This modification may include reducing the 
interest rate or amount of the monthly payment for a specified period of time, after which the interest rate and repayment 
terms revert to the original terms of the loan, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness or any 
combination of these types of modifications.  

Loans Held for Sale: 

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there 

were no loans classified as held for sale. 

Bank Owned Life Insurance: 

Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) represents life insurance on the lives of certain current and past employees 
who have provided positive consent allowing the Company to be the beneficiary of such policies. BOLI is carried in the 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at its cash surrender value. Increases in the cash value of the policies, as 
well as proceeds received, are recorded in other non-interest income, and are not subject to income taxes. During 2023 and 
2022, the Company did not purchase any additional BOLI.  

Other Real Estate Owned: 

Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) consists of property acquired through foreclosure. At the time of foreclosure 
these properties are acquired at fair value and subsequently carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling 
costs.  The  fair  value  is  based  on  appraised  value  through  a  current  appraisal,  or  at  times  through  an  internal  review, 
additionally adjusted by the estimated costs to sell the property. This determination is made on an individual asset basis. 
If the fair value of a property is less than the carrying amount of the loan, the difference is recognized as a charge to the 
ACL. Further decreases to the estimated value will be recorded directly to the Consolidated Statements of Income. At 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not hold any OREO.  

Bank Premises and Equipment: 

Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost, less depreciation accumulated on a straight-line basis over the 
estimated useful lives of the related assets, recorded in Depreciation and amortization of bank premises and equipment in 
the Consolidated Statements of Income. For equipment and furniture the useful life is between 3 to 10 years.  

As  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  Bank  leased  all  branches  and  its  executive  offices.  Leasehold 
improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related leases or the lives of the assets, whichever 
is shorter. Maintenance, repairs and minor improvements are charged to non-interest expense in the period incurred. 

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock: 

The FHLB-NY has assigned to the Company a mandated membership stock ownership requirement, based on its 
asset size. In addition, for all borrowing activity, the Company is required to purchase shares of FHLB-NY non-marketable 
capital stock at par. Such shares are redeemed by FHLB-NY at par with reductions in the Company’s borrowing levels. 
The Company carries its investment in FHLB-NY stock at historical cost. The Company periodically reviews its FHLB-
NY  stock  to  determine  if  impairment  exists.  At  December 31,  2023,  the  Company  considered  among  other  things  the 
earnings performance, credit rating and asset quality of the FHLB-NY. Based on this review, the Company did not consider 
the value of our investment in FHLB-NY stock to be impaired at December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

Income Taxes: 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the asset and liability (or balance sheet) method. 
Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences 
between book and tax basis of the various balance sheet assets and liabilities. A deferred tax liability is recognized on all 
taxable temporary differences and a deferred tax asset is recognized on all deductible temporary differences and operating 

81 

losses and tax credit carry-forwards. A valuation allowance is recognized to reduce the potential deferred tax asset, if it is 
“more  likely  than  not”  that  all  or  some  portion  of  that  potential  deferred  tax  asset  will  not  be  realized.  Uncertain  tax 
positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount to recognize. An 
uncertain tax position is measured at the amount that management believes has a greater than 50% likelihood of realization 
upon settlement. The Company must also take into account changes in tax laws or rates when valuing the deferred income 
tax  amounts  it  carries  on  its  Consolidated  Statements  of  Financial  Condition.  The  Company  recognizes  interest  and 
penalties on income taxes in income tax expense. 

Stock Compensation Plans: 

The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation using a fair-value-based measurement method for share-
based payment transactions with employees and directors. The Company measures the cost of employee and directors 
services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant date fair value of the award. That 
cost is recognized over the period during which the employee and directors are required to provide services in exchange 
for the award. The requisite service period is usually the vesting period, as such according to the terms of these awards, 
which generally provide for vesting upon retirement, the cost for these awards are fully recognized at the earlier of the 
retirement eligibility date or vesting date. Forfeitures are recorded in the period they occur. 

Benefit Plans: 

The  Company  sponsors  a  401(k),  and  profit  sharing  plan  for  its  employees.  The  Company  also  sponsors 
postretirement health care and life insurance benefits plans for its employees, a non-qualified deferred compensation plan 
for certain senior officers, and a non-qualified pension plan for its outside directors. The qualified pension plan was frozen 
in 2006, no longer allowing additional participants or accruals from that point forward. 

The Company recognizes the funded status of a benefit plan – measured as the difference between plan assets at 
fair value and the benefit obligation – in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, with the unrecognized credits 
and charges recognized, net of taxes, as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These credits or 
charges arose as a result of gains or losses and prior service costs or credits that arose during prior periods but were not 
recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost. 

Treasury Stock: 

The Company records treasury stock at cost. Treasury stock is reissued at average cost. 

Derivatives: 

The Company’s derivative instruments are carried at fair value in the Company’s financial statements as part of 
Other assets for derivatives with positive fair values and Other liabilities for derivatives with negative fair values. The 
accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument is dependent upon whether or not it qualifies and has 
been designated as a hedge for accounting purposes, and further, by the type of hedging relationship.  

To qualify for hedge accounting, a derivative must be highly effective at reducing the risk associated with the 
exposure being hedged. In addition, for a derivative to be designated as a hedge, the risk management objective and strategy 
must  be  documented.  Hedge  documentation  must  identify  the  derivative  hedging  instrument,  the  asset  or  liability  or 
forecasted transaction and type of risk to be hedged, and how the effectiveness of the derivative is assessed prospectively 
and retrospectively. The extent to which a derivative has been, and is expected to continue to be, effective at offsetting 
changes in the fair value of the hedged item must be assessed at least quarterly. If it is determined that a derivative is not 
highly effective at hedging the designated exposure, hedge accounting is discontinued. For cash flow hedges, the changes 
in the fair value of the derivative are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, net of 
tax, and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction effects earnings. For fair value hedges, the 
gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, is 
recognized in earnings on the same line as the hedged item. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are disclosed in the 

82 

 
Consolidated  Statements  of  Cash  Flows  within  operating  activities  in  the  line  item  Net  (gain)  loss  from  fair  value 
adjustments on hedges. At December 31, 2023, our cash flow hedges have a maximum remaining term of 40 months. 

For non-portfolio layer method fair value hedges, the hedge basis (the amount of the change in fair value) is added 
to (or subtracted from) the carrying amount of the hedged item. For portfolio layer method hedges, the hedge basis does 
not  adjust  the  carrying  value  of  the  hedged  item  and  is  instead  maintained  on  a  closed  portfolio  basis.  These  basis 
adjustments would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans or available for sale securities within the pools if 
either of the hedges were de-designated. 

Leases: 

The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception. An arrangement contains a lease 
if it implicitly or explicitly identifies an asset to be used and conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in 
exchange for consideration. As a lessee, we recognize operating right-of-use (“ROU”) leases in Right of use asset and 
operating lease liabilities in Operating lease liability on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our 
obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized upon 
commencement  of  the  lease  based  on  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments  over  the  lease  term.  As  most  of  the 
Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we generally use the Company’s incremental borrowing rate 
based on the estimated rate of interest for fully collateralized and fully amortizing borrowings over a similar term of the 
lease payments at commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. When readily determinable, we 
use the implicit rate. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably 
certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the 
lease term.  

The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption such that the Company will not recognize 
Right of use assets (“ROU”) or lease liabilities for leases with a term of less than 12 months from the commencement date. 
The Company’s operating lease expense for building and equipment rental totaled $8.7 million, $8.5 million, and $8.6 
million and was recorded in Occupancy and equipment on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 respectively. The Company’s operating lease expense for vehicles totaled $0.1 million 
and was recorded in Other Operating Expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the years ended 
December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

The Company has agreements that qualify as a short-term leases with expense totaling $0.2 million for each of 
the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, included in Professional services on the Consolidated Statements of 
Income. The Company’s variable lease payments, which include insurance and real estate tax expenses was recorded in 
Occupancy and equipment on the Consolidated Statements of Income and totaled $1.1 million at the year ended December 
31, 2023, and 2021 and $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.  

Certain  leases  have  escalation  clauses  for  operating  expenses  and  real  estate  taxes.  The  Company’s  non-

cancelable operating lease agreements expire through 2036. 

Comprehensive Income: 

Comprehensive net income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other 
comprehensive income (loss) includes (i) unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale and reclassification 
adjustments for realized gains and losses on securities available for sale; (ii) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives in 
cash flow hedge relationships and reclassifications of deferred gains and losses when the hedge item impacts earnings; 
(iii) adjustments to net periodic pension costs; and (iv) changes in the fair value of instrument-specific credit risk from the 
Company’s liabilities carried at fair value pursuant to the fair value option. 

83 

 
  
 
 
 
 
Segment Reporting: 

Management  views  the  Company  as  operating  as  a  single  unit,  a  community  bank.  Therefore,  segment 

information is not provided. 

Advertising Expense: 

Costs associated with advertising are expensed as incurred. The Company recorded advertising expenses of $2.1 
million, $3.1 million, and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, recorded in 
the Professional services in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

Earnings per Common Share: 

Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders 
by the total weighted average number of common shares outstanding, which includes unvested participating securities. 
Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether 
paid or unpaid) are participating securities and as such are included in the calculation of earnings per share. The Company’s 
unvested restricted stock unit awards are considered participating securities. Therefore, weighted average common shares 
outstanding  used  for  computing  basic  earnings  per  common  share  includes  common  shares  outstanding  plus  unvested 
restricted stock unit awards. The computation of diluted earnings per share includes the additional dilutive effect of stock 
options outstanding and other common stock equivalents during the period using the treasury stock method. Common 
stock equivalents that are anti-dilutive are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share. The 
numerator for calculating basic and diluted earnings per common share is net income available to common shareholders.  

Earnings per common share have been computed based on the following, for the years ended December 31: 

Net income (loss), as reported 
Divided by: 

2023 

2022 
(In thousands, except per share data)    
$   28,664 

  $  76,945 

  $  81,793 

2021 

Total weighted average common shares outstanding 
and common stock equivalents  

 29,925  

    30,823  

    31,550  

Basic earnings per common share 
Diluted earnings per common share 
Dividend Payout ratio 

$ 
$ 

$ 
 0.96  
 0.96  
$ 
 91.7 %     

$ 
 2.50  
 2.50  
$ 
 35.2 %     

 2.59  
 2.59  
 32.4 %

There were no options that were anti-dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses 

The composition of loans is as follows at December 31: 

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family ― mixed-use property 
One-to-four family ― residential  
Construction 
Small Business Administration  
Commercial business and other 
Net unamortized premiums and unearned loan fees 
     Total loans, net of fees and costs excluding portfolio layer basis 
adjustments 
Unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments (1) 
     Total loans, net of fees and costs 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 
  $ 2,658,205    $  2,601,384 
   1,913,040 
     1,958,252   
 554,314 
 530,243   
 241,246 
 220,213   
 70,951 
 58,673   
 23,275 
 20,205   
   1,521,548 
     1,452,518   
 9,011 
 9,590   

     6,907,899   
 (949) 

   6,934,769 
 — 
  $ 6,906,950    $  6,934,769 

(1)  This amount represents portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to loans hedged in a closed portfolio. Under GAAP portfolio layer 
method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual loans, however, the amounts impact the net loan balance. These basis adjustments 
would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans within the pool if the hedge was de-designated. See Note 20 (“Derivative 
Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The majority of our loan portfolio is invested in multi-family residential, commercial real estate and commercial 
business and other loans, which totaled 88.3% and 87.2% of our gross loans at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 
Our concentration in these types of loans increases the overall level of credit risk inherent in our loan portfolio. The greater 
risk associated with these types of loans could require us to increase our allowance and provision for credit losses and to 
maintain an ACL as a percentage of total loans in excess of the allowance currently maintained. In addition to our loan 
portfolio, at December 31, 2023, we were servicing $46.7 million of loans for others. 

Loans secured by multi-family residential property and commercial real estate generally involve a greater degree 
of risk than residential mortgage loans and generally carry larger loan balances. The increased credit risk is the result of 
several factors, including the concentration of principal in a smaller number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general 
economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty in evaluating and monitoring these types 
of  loans.  Furthermore,  the  repayments  of  loans  secured  by  these  types  of  properties  are  typically  dependent  upon  the 
successful operation of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property being the entity’s 
only asset. If the cash flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If the 
borrower defaults, our only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value may be less than the 
balance due on the related mortgage loan. 

Loans secured by commercial business and other loans involve a greater degree of risk for the same reasons as 
for multi-family residential and commercial real estate loans with the added risk that many of the loans are not secured by 
improved properties. 

To  minimize  the  risks  involved  in  the  origination  of  multi-family  residential,  commercial  real  estate  and 
commercial business and other loans, the Company adheres to defined underwriting standards, which include reviewing 
the expected net operating income generated by the real estate collateral securing the loan, the age and condition of the 
collateral, the financial resources and income level of the borrower and the borrower’s experience in owning or managing 
similar properties. We typically require debt service coverage of at least 125% of the monthly loan payment. We generally 
originate these loans up to a maximum of 75% of the appraised value or the purchase price of the property, whichever is 
less. Any loan with a final loan-to-value ratio in excess of 75% must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors or the 
Loan Committee as an exception to policy. We generally rely on the income generated by the property as the primary 
means  by  which  the  loan  is  repaid.  However,  personal  guarantees  may  be  obtained  for  additional  security  from  these 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
   
 
 
 
borrowers. Additionally, for commercial business and other loans which are not secured by improved properties, the Bank 
will secure these loans with business assets, including accounts receivables, inventory and real estate and generally require 
personal guarantees. 

The  Company  may  modify  loans  to  enable  a  borrower  experiencing  financial  difficulties  to  continue  making 
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. When modifying a loan, an assessment of 
whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of modification. This modification may include 
reducing the loan interest rate, extending the loan term, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness 
or any combination of these types of modifications. When such modifications are performed, a change to the allowance 
for credit losses is generally not required as the methodologies used to estimate the allowance already capture the effect 
of borrowers  experiencing financial difficulty.  On December 31, 2023,  there were  no commitments  to  lend  additional 
funds to borrowers who have received a loan modification as a result of financial difficulty. 

The  following  tables  show  loan modifications made  to  borrowers  experiencing financial  difficulty during  the 

periods indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Loan Modifications Made to 
Borrowers Experiencing Financial 
Difficulty 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 
Term Extension 

Number 

Amortized 
Cost Basis  

% of Total Class 
of Financing 
Receivable 

Financial Effect 

Commercial business and other 
Total 

 3  $
 3  $

 1,734  
 1,734  

Two loans extended Maturity to 
June 2025 (20 months). One 
loan extended Maturity to 
August 2024 (10 months). 

 0.1 % 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Loan Modifications Made to 
Borrowers Experiencing Financial 
Difficulty 

  Number 

Amortized 
Cost Basis   

% of Total Class 
of Financing 
Receivable 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 
Other-than-insignificant Payment Delay 

Small Business Administration 
Total 

 1  $
 1  $

 1,488  
 1,488  

 7.3 % 

Financial Effect 
Provided twelve months 
payment deferral to be collected 
at maturity. 

The  following  table  shows  the  payment  status  of  borrowers  experiencing  financial  difficulty  and  for  which  a 

modification has occurred at December 31, 2023: 

  Payment Status of Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty (Amortized Cost Basis)

(In thousands) 
Small Business Administration $ 
Commercial business and 
other 
Total 

$ 

Current 

30-89 Days Past 
Due 

90+ Days Past Due 

Total Modified 

 —  $ 

 1,734 
 1,734  $ 

 —  $ 

 — 
 —  $ 

 1,488  $ 

 — 
 1,488  $ 

 1,488 

 1,734 
 3,222 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  tables  show  loans  modified  and  classified  as  TDR  under  legacy  GAAP  during  the  periods 

indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

Number 

Balance 

     Modification description 

Small Business Administration 

 1  $

 271 

Commercial business and other 

Total 

 5  
 6  $

 8,204    
 8,475    

Loan amortization 
extension. 
One loan received a 
below market interest 
rate and four loans had 
an amortization 
extension 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Commercial business and other 

Total 

For the year ended December 31, 2021 

Number 

Balance 

     Modification description 

 3  $
 3  $

 702    
 702    

Loan amortization 
extension. 

The  recorded  investment  of  the  loans  modified  and  classified  as  TDR,  presented  in  the  tables  above,  were 

unchanged as there was no principal forgiven in these modifications.  

The following table shows our recorded investment for loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized 

cost that are performing according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other 

Total performing 

December 31, 2022 

  Number 
  of contracts       

Amortized 
Cost 

 6  
 1  
 4  
 1  
 1  
 3  
 16  

$ 

$ 

 1,673 
 7,572 
 1,222 
 253 
 242 
 855 
 11,817 

The following tables show our recorded investment for loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized 

cost that are not performing according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated. 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Commercial business and other 

Total troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted 

December 31, 2022 

  Number 
  of contracts       

Amortized 
Cost 

 2  
 2  

$ 
$ 

 3,263 
 3,263 

The Company did not have any loans classified as TDR at amortized cost that were not performing according to 

their restructured terms at December 31, 2021. 

During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 there were no defaults of TDR loans within 12 months of 

their modification date.  

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables show our non-accrual loans at amortized cost with no related allowance and interest income 

recognized for loans ninety days or more past due and still accruing for periods shown below: 

At or for the year ended December 31, 2023 

Non-
accrual 
amortized 
cost 
beginning 
of the 
reporting 
period 

Non-
accrual 
amortized 
cost end of 
the 
reporting 
period 

Non-
accrual 
with no 
related 

Interest 
income 
(loss) 

 3,547   $ 
 254  
 1,045  
 3,953  
 950  
 20,193  
 29,942   $ 

 3,640    $ 
 —   
 1,005   
 4,670   
 2,576   
 11,768   
 23,659    $ 

allowance     
 3,640   $ 
 —  
 1,005  
 4,670  
 2,576  
 3,242  
 15,133   $ 

recognized     
 2   $ 
 —  
 3  
 3  
 —  
 17  
 25   $ 

At or for the year ended December 31, 2022 

Non-
accrual 
amortized 
cost 
beginning 
of the 
reporting 
period 

Non-
accrual 
amortized 
cost end of 
the 
reporting 
period 

Non-
accrual 
with no 
related 

Interest 
income 
(loss) 

 2,652   $ 
 640  
 1,582  
 7,483  
 952  
 —  
 1,945  
 15,254   $ 

 3,547    $ 
 254   
 1,045   
 3,953   
 950   
 —   
 20,193   
 29,942    $ 

allowance     
 3,547   $ 
 254  
 1,045  
 3,953  
 950  
 —  
 3,291  
 13,040   $ 

recognized     
 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 171  
 171   $ 

Loans 
ninety days 
or more 
past due 
and still 
accruing 
 1,463 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 1,463 

Loans 
ninety days 
or more 
past due 
and still 
accruing 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 2,600 
 — 
 2,600 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property  
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other  
     Total 

  $ 

  $ 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property (1)   
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Construction 
Commercial business and other (1) 
     Total 

  $ 

  $ 

(1) 

Included in the above analysis are non-accrual performing TDR under legacy GAAP one-to-four family – mixed-use property totaling $0.3 
million at December 31, 2022. Commercial business and other contains a non-accrual performing TDR totaling less than $0.1 million at 
December 31, 2022. 

The following is a summary of interest foregone on non-accrual loans for the years ended December 31: 

(In thousands) 
Interest income (loss) that would have been recognized had the loans 
performed in accordance with their original terms 
Less: Interest income (loss) included in the results of operations 

Total foregone interest 

2023 

2022 

2021 

  $ 

  $ 

 1,995    $ 
 25   
 1,970    $ 

 2,309   $ 
 746  
 1,563   $ 

 1,691 
 620 
 1,071 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
The following tables show the aging of the amortized cost basis in past-due loans at the period indicated by class 

of loan at: 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Construction 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other 

Total 

60 - 89 
Days Past 
Due 

At December 31, 2023 

Greater 
than 90 
Days 

Total 

Past Due      Current 

Total Loans 
(1) 

 539    $  5,103    $  8,364    $ 2,653,862    $  2,662,226 
   1,959,624 
 533,084 
 221,519 
 58,261 
 20,345 
   1,452,840 
  $  14,655   $  2,823    $  20,939    $  38,417    $ 6,869,482    $  6,907,899 

   1,950,435   
 530,247   
 215,134   
 58,261   
 17,769   
   1,443,774   

 1,099   
 124   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 1,061   

 9,189   
 2,837   
 6,385   
 —   
 2,576   
 9,066   

 —   
 1,005   
 4,670   
 —   
 2,576   
 7,585   

30 - 59 
Days Past 
Due 
  $  2,722   $
 8,090  
 1,708  
 1,715  
 —  
 —  
 420  

(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $0.9 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December 
31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

At December 31, 2022 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Construction 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other 

Total 

30 - 59 
Days Past 
Due 

60 - 89 
Days Past 
Due 

Greater 
than 90 
Days 

Total 

Past Due      Current 

     Total Loans 
  $  1,475   $  1,787    $  3,547    $  6,809    $ 2,598,363    $  2,605,172 
   1,914,898 
 557,295 
 242,480 
 70,824 
 23,193 
   1,520,907 
  $  18,456   $  1,803    $  22,425    $  42,684    $ 6,892,085    $  6,934,769 

   1,912,083   
 552,777   
 235,793   
 68,224   
 21,914   
   1,502,931   

 2,815   
 4,518   
 6,687   
 2,600   
 1,279   
    17,976   

 254   
 797   
 3,953   
 2,600   
 950   
    10,324   

 2,561  
 3,721  
 2,734  
 —  
 329  
 7,636  

 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 16   

The following tables show the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated: 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

(In thousands) 
Beginning balance 
Charge-offs 
Recoveries 
Provision (benefit) 

Ending balance 

(In thousands) 
Beginning balance 
Charge-offs 
Recoveries 
Provision (benefit) 

Ending balance 

  Multi-family    Commercial     family - mixed-   

residential 

real estate 

use property 

     One-to-four 

    One-to-four       
family - 
  residential 

    Commercial   
  Construction   Small Business    business and   
  Administration   

loans 

  $ 

  $ 

 9,552    $ 
 —   
 2   
 819   
 10,373    $ 

 8,184    $ 
 (8) 
 —   
 489   
 8,665    $ 

 1,875    $ 
 —   
 1   
 (266) 
 1,610    $ 

 901    $ 
 (23) 
 52   
 (262) 
 668    $ 

 261    $ 
 —   
 —   
 (103) 
 158    $ 

 2,198    $ 
 (7) 
 248   
 (813) 
 1,626    $ 

  Total 

other 
 17,471   $  40,442 
 (11,119)     (11,157)
 345 
 10,667       10,531 
 17,061   $  40,161 

 42     

  Multi-family   Commercial    family - mixed-  

residential 

real estate 

use property 

     One-to-four 

For the year ended December 31, 2022 
    One-to-four      
family - 
  residential 

loans 

  Construction    Small Business   

 Commercial       
 business and     

Taxi 

  Administration    medallion 
 1,209    $ 
 (1,053) 
 47   
 1,995   
 2,198    $ 

 —   $ 
 —     
 447     
 (447)   
 —   $ 

 186    $ 
 —   
 —   
 75   
 261    $ 

  Total 

other 
 17,858    $  37,135 
    (3,348)
 (2,067)  
 1,813 
 1,237   
 4,842 
 443   
 17,471    $  40,442 

  $ 

  $ 

 8,185    $ 
 (208) 
 77   
 1,498   
 9,552    $ 

 7,158    $ 
 —   
 —   
 1,026   
 8,184    $ 

 1,755    $ 
 —   
 —   
 120   
 1,875    $ 

 784    $ 
 (20)  
 5   
 132   
 901    $ 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
      
 
      
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
(In thousands) 
Beginning balance 
Charge-offs 
Recoveries 
Provision (benefit) 

Ending balance 

  $ 

residential 

  Multi-family   Commercial
real estate 
 8,327   
$ 
 (64) 
 —   
 (1,105) 
 7,158   

 6,557   
 (43) 
 10   
 1,661   
 8,185   

$ 

  $ 

      One-to-four 

   family - mixed-   
use property 

    One-to-four       
family - 
  residential 

$ 

$ 

 1,986    $ 
 (33)  
 133   
 (331)  
 1,755    $ 

 869    $ 
 —   
 157   
 (242) 
 784    $ 

  Construction  Small Business  Taxi 

loans 

  Administration  medallion 
 2,251  $ 

 497    $ 
 —   
 —   
 (311) 
 186    $ 

 —   $ 
 —      (2,758)    
 1,457     
 34    
 1,301     
 (1,076)  
 —   $ 
 1,209  $ 

  Total 

 Commercial   
 business and  
other 
 24,666   $  45,153 
 (2,236)     (5,134)
 2,015 
 (4,796)     (4,899)
 17,858   $  37,135 

 224     

For the year ended December 31, 2021 

In accordance with our policy and the current regulatory guidelines, we designate loans as “Special Mention,” 
which are considered “Criticized Loans,” and “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” or “Loss,” which are considered “Classified 
Loans”. If a loan does not fall within one of the previous mentioned categories and management believes weakness is 
evident then we designate the loan as “Watch”, all other loans would be considered “Pass.” Loans that are non-accrual are 
designated  as  Substandard,  Doubtful,  or  Loss.  These  loan  designations  are  updated  quarterly.  We  designate  a  loan  as 
Substandard  when  a  well-defined  weakness  is  identified  that  may  jeopardize  the  orderly  liquidation  of  the  debt.  We 
designate a loan Doubtful when it displays the inherent weakness of a Substandard loan with the added provision that 
collection of the debt in full, on the basis of existing facts, is highly improbable. We designate a loan as Loss if it is deemed 
the debtor is incapable of repayment. The Company does not hold any loans designated as Loss, as loans that are designated 
as Loss are charged to the Allowance for Credit Losses. We designate a loan as Special Mention if the asset does not 
warrant  classification  within  one  of  the  other  classifications,  but  contains  a  potential  weakness  that  deserves  closer 
attention.  

The  provision  recorded  in  2023  was  primarily  driven  by  fully  reserving  for  two  non-accrual  business  and 
increasing reserves for the elevated risk presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage 
ratios. The provision recorded in 2022 was primarily due to loan growth, increased reserves on specific credits, coupled 
with the ongoing economic uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation including increasing interest rates. The 
benefit recorded in 2021 was primarily due to improving economic conditions. The Company specifies both the reasonable 
and supportable forecast and reversion periods in three economic conditions (expansion, transition, contraction). During 
2023  and  2022,  the  Company’s  reasonable  and  supportable  forecast  and  reversion  period  was  two  quarters  and  four 
quarters, respectively. 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
      
 
       
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
The following tables summarize the risk category of mortgage and commercial business loans by loan portfolio segments 
and class of loans by year of origination for the periods indicated: 

2022 

2021 

2020 

2019 

Prior 

 Revolving Loans  
  Amortized Cost 
 Basis 

 Revolving Loans  
converted to  
term loans 

Total 

December 31, 2023 

 465,069    $  276,483   $  215,561   $  300,822   $  1,099,271   $ 

 870     
 —     
 —     

 1,935  
 —  
 —  
 465,939    $  277,203   $  217,496   $  300,822   $  1,141,217   $ 

 34,899  
 1,193  
 5,854  

 720  
 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  
 —  

 322,446    $  175,045   $  147,871   $  216,964   $ 

 862,641   $ 

 —     
 —     

 1,415  
 —  

 —  
 —  

 9,239  
 —  

 322,446    $  176,460   $  147,871   $  226,203   $ 
 —   $ 

 —    $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 43,579    $   41,604   $   30,984   $   60,308   $ 

 —     
 —     
 —     

 —  
 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  
 —  

 233  
 720  
 —  

 43,579    $   41,604   $   30,984   $   61,261   $ 

 23,197    $ 
 507     
 —     
 —     
 23,704    $ 
 —    $ 

 270  
 —  
 —  

 8,451   $   16,482   $   36,779   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 8,721   $   16,482   $   38,340   $ 
 —   $ 

 1,561  
 —  
 —  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 23,484  
 1,099  
 887,224   $ 
 8   $ 

 326,246   $ 
 4,777  
 564  
 1,217  
 332,804   $ 

 102,293   $ 
 695  
 —  
 5,737  
 108,725   $ 
 23   $ 

 5,209   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 5,209   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 7,424   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 7,424   $ 
 —   $ 

 3    $ 
 3    $ 

 5,793   $ 
 5,793   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 —  
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 46,656   $ 
 46,656   $ 

 3,283    $ 
 —     
 —     
 —     
 3,283    $ 
 —    $ 

 2,883   $ 
 —  
 —  
 1,627  
 4,510   $ 
 —   $ 

 3,443   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 3,443   $ 
 —   $ 

 606   $ 
 47  
 —  
 —  
 653   $ 
 —   $ 

 116,452    $   53,315   $   31,637   $   30,913   $ 

 9,792     
 —     
 2,399     
 —     

 3,822  
 —  
 4,158  
 —  

 2,426  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 14,483  
 25  
 93  
 —  

 128,643    $   61,295   $   34,063   $   45,514   $ 
 28   $ 

 1,675   $ 

 —    $ 

 —   $ 

 2,121   $ 
 2,847  
 348  
 1,156  
 6,472   $ 
 7   $ 

 53,289   $ 
 18,495  
 —  
 12,906  
 —  
 84,690   $ 
 10   $ 

 176,825    $  130,608   $  106,545   $   38,846   $ 

 311     
 —     

 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  

 586  
 14,892  

 177,136    $  130,608   $  106,545   $   54,324   $ 

 139,025   $ 
 51,759  
 1,002  
 191,786   $ 

 —    $ 
 —    $ 
 —    $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 133   $ 
 133   $ 
 99   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 244,143   $ 
 8,582  
 495  
 2,982  
 3,903  
 260,105   $ 
 9,267   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 89   $ 
 89   $ 
 —   $ 

 —   $  2,616,755 
 38,424 
 —  
 1,193 
 —  
 5,854 
 —  
 —   $  2,662,226 

 —   $  1,924,387 
 34,138 
 —  
 —  
 1,099 
 —   $  1,959,624 
 8 
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 525,573 
 5,010 
 1,284 
 1,217 
 533,084 

 10,067   $ 
 1,130  
 169  
 468  
 11,834   $ 
 —   $ 

 210,982 
 4,163 
 169 
 6,205 
 221,519 
 23 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 58,261 
 58,261 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 14,320 
 2,894 
 348 
 2,783 
 20,345 
 7 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 645,489 
 57,942 
 520 
 37,180 
 4,365 
 745,496 
 11,020 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 628,842 
 62,386 
 15,894 
 707,122 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 222 
 222 
 99 

  $ 

2023 

  $ 
  $ 

 —    
 —    

  $   22,852   $ 

  $  199,420   $ 

  $  254,340   $ 

  $  199,420   $ 
 —   $ 
  $ 

 6,289   $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 6,289   $ 
 —   $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    
  $  254,340   $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    
  $   22,852   $ 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family Residential 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Multi-family Residential 
Commercial Real Estate 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
    Total Commercial Real Estate 
    Gross charge-offs 
1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total 1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property 
1-4 Family Residential 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total 1-4 Family Residential 
    Gross charge-offs 
Construction 
Pass 
    Total Construction 
Small Business Administration 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Small Business Administration 
    Gross charge-offs 
Commercial Business 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Doubtful 
    Total Commercial Business 
    Gross charge-offs 
Commercial Business - Secured by RE 
Pass 
 9,730    
Watch 
Special Mention 
 —    
    Total Commercial Business - Secured by RE  $   46,723   $ 
Other 
Pass 
    Total Other 
    Gross charge-offs 
Total by Loan Type 
Total Pass 
Total Watch 
Total Special Mention 
Total Substandard 
Total Doubtful 

 342    
 —    
 14,642    
 462    
  $  131,186   $ 
 40   $ 
  $ 

 1,984   $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 1,984   $ 
 —   $ 

 10,072    
 —    
 14,642    
 462    

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 5,809   $ 
 5,809   $ 

  $  115,740   $ 

  $   36,993   $ 

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

Total Loans (1) 

   Total Gross charge-offs 

  $  668,603   $  1,164,733    $  706,194   $  556,884   $  727,117   $  2,753,051   $ 
 147   $ 
  $ 

 1,675   $ 

 —    $ 

 28   $ 

 —   $ 

 40   $ 

  $  643,427   $  1,150,854    $  694,182   $  552,523   $  685,238   $  2,585,019   $ 

 11,480     
 —     
 2,399     
 —     

 6,227  
 —  
 5,785  
 —  

 4,361  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 26,149  
 15,637  
 93  
 —  

 136,956  
 4,206  
 26,870  
 —  

 303,521   $ 
 8,582  
 495  
 2,982  
 3,903  
 319,483   $ 
 9,267   $ 

 10,067   $  6,624,831 
 204,957 
 1,130  
 20,507 
 169  
 53,239 
 468  
 4,365 
 —  
 11,834   $  6,907,899 
 11,157 

 —   $ 

(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $0.9 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December 
31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
     
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
     
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
     
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
     
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 

2021 

    2020 

    2019 

    2018 

Prior 

   Revolving Loans     Revolving Loans    
    Amortized Cost     
 Basis 

converted to  
term loans 

Total 

December 31, 2022 

(In thousands) 
1-4 Family Residential 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total 1-4 Family Residential 
1-4 Family Mixed-Use 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total 1-4 Family Mixed-Use 
Commercial Real Estate 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Commercial Real Estate 
Construction 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Construction 
Multi-family 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Multi-family 
Commercial Business - Secured by 
RE 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Commercial Business - 
Secured by RE 
Commercial Business 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Doubtful 
    Total Commercial Business 
Small Business Administration 
Pass 
Watch 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
    Total Small Business 
Administration 
Other 
Pass 
    Total Other 
Total by Loan Type 
Total Pass 
Total Watch 
Total Special Mention 
Total Substandard 
Total Doubtful 
Total Loans 

  $

  $

  $

  $

 24,207   $  8,697    $   18,657    $  41,820    $  24,962    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 24,207   $  8,983    $   18,657    $  42,554    $  24,962    $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    

 286   
 —   
 —   

 734   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 —   
 —   

 44,988   $  43,157    $   32,663    $  63,973    $  64,904    $ 
 885   
 —   
 —   
 44,988   $  43,157    $   33,548    $  64,706    $  64,904    $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    

 733   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 —   
 —   

  $  328,284   $ 181,881    $  152,526    $ 230,995    $ 240,622    $ 

 1,971    
 —    
 —    

 1,579   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 —   
 —   

 10,597   
 —   
 —   

 6,801   
 —   
 —   

  $  330,255   $ 183,460    $  152,526    $ 241,592    $ 247,423    $ 

  $

  $

 1,984   $  17,555    $   14,385    $
 —   
 —   
 —   
 1,984   $  17,555    $   14,385    $

 —    
 —    
 —    

 —   
 —   
 —   

 —    $ 

 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $  6,450    $ 

 6,450   
 —   
 —   

  $  482,600   $ 287,889    $  225,106    $ 312,681    $ 393,590    $ 

 913    
 —    
 —    

 —   
 —   
 —   

 1,454   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 —   
 —   

 3,770   
 446   
 2,898   

  $  483,513   $ 287,889    $  226,560    $ 312,681    $ 400,704    $ 

  $  182,805   $ 139,748    $  109,292    $  40,175    $  66,436    $ 

 —    
 —    
 2,853    

 —   
 —   
 —   

 629   
 —   
 —   

 28,217   
 15,208   
 —   

 421   
 —   
 —   

  $  185,658   $ 139,748    $  109,921    $  83,600    $  66,857    $ 

  $  172,011   $  88,081    $   41,998    $  41,125    $  35,555    $ 

 2,708    
 —    
 91    
 —    

 2,918   
 2,445   
 —   
 —   

 —   
 4,743   
 —   
 —   

 20,926   
 35   
 31   
 —   

 14,420   
 1,773   
 284   
 —   

  $  174,810   $  93,444    $   46,741    $  62,117    $  52,032    $ 

 94,270    $
 2,419   
 —   
 3,861   
 100,550   $

 297,053   $
 7,246   
 719   
 974   
 305,992   $

 744,503   $
 10,836   
 4,041   
 262   
 759,642   $

 —    $
 —   
 —   
 2,600   
 2,600    $

 869,566   $
 14,439   
 2,286   
 1,419   
 887,710   $

 89,663    $
 55,500   
 —   
 —   

 145,163   $

 56,281    $
 17,823   
 416   
 1,782   
 —   
 76,302    $

  $

  $

  $
  $

 3,352   $  5,646    $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    

 —   
 —   
 —   

 4,304    $
 —   
 —   
 —   

 654    $  1,292    $ 

 51   
 —   
 —   

 2,025   
 —   
 —   

 1,766    $
 2,872   
 39   
 1,192   

 3,352   $  5,646    $ 

 4,304    $

 705    $  3,317    $ 

 5,869    $

 —   $
 —   $

 —    $ 
 —    $ 

 —    $
 —    $

 —    $
 —    $

 —    $ 
 —    $ 

 43    $
 43    $

  $ 1,240,231   $ 772,654    $  598,931    $ 731,423    $ 827,361    $  2,153,145    $

 5,592    
 —    
 2,944    
 —    

 4,783   
 2,445   
 —   
 —   

 2,968   
 4,743   
 —   
 —   

 61,258   
 15,243   
 31   
 —   

 33,887   
 2,219   
 3,182   
 —   

 111,135   
 7,501   
 12,090   
 —   

  $ 1,248,767   $ 779,882    $  606,642    $ 807,955    $ 866,649    $  2,283,871    $

 8,007    $ 
 63   
 —   
 —   
 8,070    $ 

 13,190    $ 
 863   
 —   
 444   
 14,497    $ 

 233,810 
 4,365 
 — 
 4,305 
 242,480 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $ 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $ 

 27,850    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 27,850    $ 

 6,115    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 6,115    $ 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   

 —    $ 

 265,624    $ 
 1,690   
 —   
 7,030   
 10,042   
 284,386    $ 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   

 —    $ 

 85    $ 
 85    $ 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $ 

 546,738 
 8,864 
 719 
 974 
 557,295 

 —    $  1,878,811 
 31,784 
 —   
 —   
 4,041 
 262 
 —   
 —    $  1,914,898 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $ 

 61,774 
 6,450 
 — 
 2,600 
 70,824 

 —    $  2,577,547 
 20,576 
 —   
 —   
 2,732 
 4,317 
 —   
 —    $  2,605,172 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   

 628,119 
 84,767 
 15,208 
 2,853 

 —    $ 

 730,947 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    $ 

 700,675 
 60,485 
 9,412 
 9,218 
 10,042 
 789,832 

 —    $ 
 —   
 —   
 —   

 17,014 
 4,948 
 39 
 1,192 

 —    $ 

 23,193 

 —    $ 
 —    $ 

 128 
 128 

 307,681    $ 
 1,753   
 —   
 7,030   
 10,042   
 326,506    $ 

 13,190    $  6,644,616 
 222,239 
 32,151 
 25,721 
 10,042 
 14,497    $  6,934,769 

 863   
 —   
 444   
 —   

Included within net loans as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, was $4.8 million and $5.2 million, respectively, of 
consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in 
process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
  
   
   
   
   
 
   
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents types of collateral-dependent loans by class of loan which were individually evaluated for 
impairment: 

December 31, 2023 

December 31, 2022 

Collateral Type 

(In thousands) 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 
One-to-four family - residential 
Small Business Administration 
Commercial business and other 
     Total 

    Real Estate  
  $

 3,640    $ 
 —   
 1,005   
 4,670   
 —   
 —   
 9,315    $ 

  Business Assets    Real Estate     Business Assets
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 950 
 17,340 
 18,290 

 —   $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 2,576    
 11,768    
 14,344   $ 

 3,547   $
 254    
 1,045    
 3,953    
 —    
 2,853    
 11,652   $

  $

For collateral dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the ACL based on 
the fair value of collateral. The ACL is calculated on an individual loan basis based on the shortfall between the fair value 
of  the  loan's  collateral,  which  is  adjusted  for  liquidation  costs/discounts,  and  amortized  cost.  If  the  fair  value  of  the 
collateral exceeds the amortized cost, no allowance is required. 

Off-Balance Sheet Credit Losses 

Also included within scope of the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) standard are off-balance sheet loan 
commitments,  which  includes  the  unfunded  portion  of  committed  lines  of  credit  and  commitments  “in-process”. 
Commitments “in‐process” reflect loans not on the Company’s books but rather negotiated loan / line of credit terms and 
rates that the Company has offered to customers and is committed to honoring. In reference to “in‐process” credits, the 
Company defines an unfunded commitment as a credit that has been offered to and accepted by a borrower, which has not 
closed and by which the obligation is not unconditionally cancellable. 

The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to 
credit risk through a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the 
Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense. 
The Company uses similar assumptions and risk factors that are developed for collectively evaluated financing receivables. 
This estimates includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses 
on commitments to be funded over its estimated life.  

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, allowance for off-balance-sheet credit losses was $1.1 million and $1.0 million, 
respectively, which is included in the “Other liabilities” on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. During 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  2022  and  2021  the  Company  has  $0.1  million,  ($0.2)  million  and  ($0.6)  million, 
respectively,  in  credit  loss  (benefit)  provision  for  off-balance-sheet  items,  which  are  included  in  “Other  operating 
expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for off balance sheet credit losses: 

Balance at beginning of period 

Provision (benefit)  

Allowance for Off-Balance Sheet - Credit losses   

$ 

$ 

4. Loans held for sale 

2023 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 
(In thousands) 
 1,209  
 (239) 
 970  

 970   
 132   
 1,102   

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

2021 

 1,815   
 (606) 
 1,209   

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not have any loans held for sale. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  Company  has  implemented  a  strategy  of  selling  certain  delinquent  and  non-performing  loans.  Once  the 
Company has decided to sell a loan, the sale usually closes in a short period of time, generally within the same quarter. 
Loans designated held for sale are reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale. Terms of sale include 
cash due upon the closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to the Company and servicing is released to the buyer. 
Additionally, at times the Company may sell participating interests in performing loans. 

The following tables show loans sold during the period indicated: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Performing loans 
Commercial 
Total 

Delinquent and non-performing loans 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 

Total 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Performing loans 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial 
Total 

Delinquent and non-performing loans 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 

Total 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Delinquent and non-performing loans 
Multi-family residential 
Commercial 
One-to-four family - mixed-use property 

Total 

5. Other Real Estate Owned 

      Loans sold 

Proceeds 

     Net charge-offs       Net gain  

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

 2   $ 
 2   $ 

 2,000   $ 
 2,000   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 7   $ 
 3   $ 
 3  
 13   $ 

 3,622   $ 
 1,867   $ 
 1,553  
 7,042   $ 

 —   $ 
 (8)  $ 
 —  
 (8)  $ 

 — 
 — 

 69 
 — 
 39 
 108 

      Loans sold 

Proceeds 

     Net charge-offs       Net gain  

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

 5   $ 
 1  
 6   $ 

 20,818   $ 

 4,312  
 25,130   $ 

 2   $ 
 3   $ 
 2  
 7   $ 

 646   $ 
 5,690   $ 
 527  
 6,863   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —  
 —   $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 14 
 100 
 5 
 119 

      Loans sold 

Proceeds 

     Net charge-offs       Net gain 

For the year ended December 31, 2021 

 13   $ 

 4  
 16  
 33   $ 

 14,269   $ 
 7,380  
 6,983  
 28,632   $ 

 (43)  $ 
 (64) 
 (14) 

 (121)  $ 

 112 
 104 
 119 
 335 

The Company did not have any OREO during 2023, 2022 and 2021. 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
6. Securities 

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2023: 

  Amortized   
      Cost 

     Fair Value       Gains 
(In thousands) 

Gross 

Gross 

  Unrecognized   Unrecognized

Losses 

Municipals 

Total municipals 

FNMA 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

Total before allowance for credit losses 

  $   66,155    $   58,697   $ 

 66,155   

 58,697  

 7,855   
 7,855   

 7,058  
 7,058  

 74,010    $   65,755   $ 

 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

$ 

 (7,458)
 (7,458)

 (797)
 (797)
 (8,255)

Allowance for credit losses 

Total 

 (1,087) 
  $   72,923   

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities held-to-maturity at December 31, 2022: 

  Amortized  
      Cost 

Gross 

Gross 

  Unrecognized   Unrecognized

Losses 

     Fair Value       Gains 
(In thousands) 

Municipals 

Total municipals 

FNMA 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

Total before allowance for credit losses 

  $   66,936    $   55,561   $ 

 66,936   

 55,561  

 7,875   
 7,875   

 6,989  
 6,989  

 74,811    $   62,550   $ 

 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

 (11,375)
 (11,375)

 (886)
 (886)
 (12,261)

$ 

Allowance for credit losses 

Total 

 (1,100) 
  $   73,711   

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale at December 31, 2023: 

  Amortized 

Gross 
  Unrealized 

Cost 

      Fair Value        Gains 

(In thousands) 

Gross 
  Unrealized 
      Losses 

  $ 

U.S. government agencies 
Corporate 
Mutual funds 
Collateralized loan obligations 
Other 

Total other securities 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

     Total Securities excluding portfolio layer adjustments  
Unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments (1) 

Total securities available for sale 

  $ 

 82,548   $ 
 173,184  
 11,660  
 269,600  
 1,437  
 538,429  
 160,165  
 12,402  
 155,995  
 89,427  
 417,989  
 956,418  
 (2,254) 
 954,164   $ 

 81,734   $ 
 155,449  
 11,660  
 270,129  
 1,437  
 520,409  
 133,574  
 10,665  
 135,074  
 75,031  
 354,344  
 874,753  
n/a  
 874,753   $ 

 123   $ 

 —  
 —  
 1,215  
 —  
 1,338  
 —  
 3  
 14  
 —  
 17  
 1,355  
 —  
 1,355   $ 

 (937)
 (17,735)
 — 
 (686)
 — 
 (19,358)
 (26,591)
 (1,740)
 (20,935)
 (14,396)
 (63,662)
 (83,020)
 (2,254)
 (80,766)

(1) Represents the amount of portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to available for sale (“AFS”) securities hedged in a closed portfolio. Under 
GAAP portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual securities, however, the amounts impact the unrealized gains or losses for 
the individual securities being hedged. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale at December 31, 2022: 

  Amortized   

Gross 

Gross 

  Unrealized    Unrealized 

Cost 

      Fair Value        Gains 

      Losses 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

U.S. government agencies 
Corporate 
Mutual funds 
Collateralized loan obligations 
Other 

Total other securities 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-backed securities 
Total securities available for sale 

  $ 

 83,720   $ 
 146,430  
 11,211  
 129,684  
 1,516  
 372,561  
 175,712  
 9,193  
 172,690  
 96,725  
 454,320  
 826,881   $ 

 81,103   $ 
 131,766  
 11,211  
 125,478  
 1,516  
 351,074  
 148,414  
 7,317  
 148,265  
 80,287  
 384,283  
 735,357   $ 

 2   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 2  
 —  
 3  
 —  
 —  
 3  
 5   $ 

 (2,619)
 (14,664)
 — 
 (4,206)
 — 
 (21,489)
 (27,298)
 (1,879)
 (24,425)
 (16,438)
 (70,040)
 (91,529)

The  corporate  securities  held  by  the  Company  at  December 31,  2023  and  2022  are  issued  by  U.S.  banking 
institutions. The CMOs held by the Company at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are either fully guaranteed or issued by a 
government sponsored enterprise. 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
The following tables detail the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s securities classified as held-to-
maturity  and  available  for  sale  at  December 31,  2023,  by  contractual  maturity.  Expected  maturities  will  differ  from 
contractual  maturities  because  borrowers  may  have  the  right  to  call  or  prepay  obligations  with  or  without  call  or 
prepayment penalties. 

Securities held-to-maturity: 

Due after ten years 

Total other securities 
Mortgage-backed securities 

Allowance for credit losses 

Total securities held-to-maturity 

Securities available for sale: 

Due in one year or less 
Due after one year through five years 
Due after five years through ten years 
Due after ten years 

Total other securities 

Mutual funds 
Mortgage-backed securities 

   Amortized 

  $ 

Cost  

     Fair Value 

(In thousands) 

66,155   $ 
66,155  
7,855  
74,010  

58,697 
58,697 
7,058 
65,755 

 (1,087) 
 72,923    $ 

n/a 
 65,755 

   $ 

  Amortized 
Cost 

     Fair Value 

   $ 

(In thousands) 

 59,485 
 59,979    $
 99,599 
 105,056  
 209,728 
 222,684  
 139,937 
 139,050  
 508,749 
 526,769  
 11,660 
 11,660  
 417,989  
 354,344 
 956,418   $  874,753 

Total securities available for sale (1) 

  $ 

(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to AFS securities hedged in a closed pool at 
December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
The following tables show the Company’s securities with gross unrealized losses and their fair value, aggregated 

by category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position: 

Held-to-maturity securities 
Municipals 

Total other securities 

FNMA 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

At December 31, 2023 

Total 

  Unrealized 

Less than 12 months 

12 months or more 

  Unrealized 

  Unrealized 

      Count 

      Fair Value        Losses  

      Fair Value        Losses  
(Dollars in thousands) 

      Fair Value        Losses  

 3  
 3  

 1  
 1  

$ 

 58,697  
 58,697  

$ 

 (7,458) 
 (7,458) 

$ 

 7,058  
 7,058  

 (797) 
 (797) 

$ 

 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  

$ 

 58,697  
 58,697  

$ 

 (7,458)
 (7,458)

 7,058  
 7,058  

 (797)
 (797)

Total  

 4  

$ 

 65,755  

$ 

 (8,255) 

$ 

 —  

$ 

 —  

$ 

 65,755  

$ 

 (8,255)

Available for sale securities (1) 
U.S. government agencies 
Corporate 
CLO 

Total other securities 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

Total  

 8  
 26  
 17  
 51  

$ 

 74,517  
 155,449  
 120,609  
 350,575  

$ 

 (937) 
 (17,735) 
 (686) 
 (19,358) 

$ 

 46  
 7  
 44  
 18  
 115  
 166  

 133,312  
 10,466  
 133,394  
 75,031  
 352,203  
$   702,778  

 (26,591) 
 (1,740) 
 (20,935) 
   (14,396) 
 (63,662) 
$   (83,020) 

$ 

 2,517  
 25,428  
 —  
 27,945  

 —  
 3,867  
 2,044  
 —  
 5,911  
 33,856  

$ 

 (7) 
 (1,318) 
 —  
 (1,325) 

$ 

 72,000  
 130,021  
 120,609  
 322,630  

$ 

 (930)
 (16,417)
 (686)
 (18,033)

 —  
 (34) 
 (1) 
 —  
 (35) 
 (1,360) 

 133,312  
 6,599  
 131,350  
 75,031  
 346,292  
$   668,922  

 (26,591)
 (1,706)
 (20,934)
 (14,396)
 (63,627)
 (81,660)

$ 

$ 

(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to AFS securities hedged in a closed pool at 
December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

At December 31, 2022 

Total 

  Unrealized 

Less than 12 months 

12 months or more 

  Unrealized 

  Unrealized 

      Count 

      Fair Value        Losses 

      Fair Value        Losses 

      Fair Value        Losses 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Held-to-maturity securities 
Municipals 

Total other securities 

FNMA 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

 3  
 3  

 1  
 1  

$ 

 55,561  
 55,561  

$   (11,375) 
 (11,375) 

$ 

 55,561  
 55,561  

$   (11,375) 
 (11,375) 

$ 

 6,989  
 6,989  

 (886) 
 (886) 

 6,989  
 6,989  

 (886) 
 (886) 

$ 

 —  
 —  

 —  
 —  

Total  

 4  

$ 

 62,550  

$   (12,261) 

$ 

 62,550  

$   (12,261) 

$ 

 —  

$ 

 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 

 — 

Available for sale securities  
U.S. government agencies 
Corporate 
CLO 

Total other securities 

REMIC and CMO 
GNMA 
FNMA 
FHLMC 

Total mortgage-backed securities 

Total  

 7  
 20  
 19  
 46  

$ 

 77,856  
 131,766  
 125,478  
 335,100  

$ 

 (2,619) 
 (14,664) 
 (4,206) 
 (21,489) 

$ 

 77,059  
 45,447  
 95,518  
 218,024  

$ 

 (2,517) 
 (3,553) 
 (2,916) 
 (8,986) 

$ 

 797  
 86,319  
 29,960  
 117,076  

$ 

 (102)
 (11,111)
 (1,290)
 (12,503)

 47  
 8  
 47  
 18  
 120  
 166  

 148,120  
 7,133  
 148,229  
 80,287  
 383,769  
$   718,869  

 (27,298) 
 (1,879) 
 (24,425) 
   (16,438) 
 (70,040) 
$   (91,529) 

 40,911  
 64  
 38,296  
 24,838  
 104,109  
$   322,133  

 (3,457) 
 —  
 (3,871) 
 (2,397) 
 (9,725) 
$   (18,711) 

 107,209  
 7,069  
 109,933  
 55,449  
 279,660  
$   396,736  

 (23,841)
 (1,879)
 (20,554)
 (14,041)
 (60,315)
 (72,818)

$ 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
The Company reviewed each available for sale debt security that had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2023 
and December 31, 2022. The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is more likely than not the 
Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of the securities’ amortized cost basis. This conclusion 
is  based  upon  considering  the  Company’s  cash  and  working  capital  requirements  and  contractual  and  regulatory 
obligations, none of which the Company believes would cause the sale of the securities. All of these securities are rated 
investment grade or above and have a long history of no credit losses. It is not anticipated that these securities would be 
settled at a price that is less than the amortized cost of the Company’s investment.  

In determining the risk of loss for available for sale securities, the Company considered that mortgage-backed 
securities  are  either  fully  guaranteed  or  issued  by  a  government  sponsored  enterprise,  which  has  a  credit  rating  and 
perceived credit risk comparable to U.S. government, the tranche of the purchased collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”) 
and the issuer of Corporate securities are global systematically important banks. Each of these securities is performing 
according to its terms and, in the opinion of management, will continue to perform according to its terms. Based on this 
review, management believes that the unrealized losses have resulted from other factors not deemed credit-related and no 
allowance for credit loss was recorded.  

The Company reviewed each held-to-maturity security at December 31, 2023 and 2022 as part of its quarterly 

ACL process, resulting in an allowance for credit losses of $1.1 million at both December 31, 2023 and 2022.  

Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities totaled $0.1 million at both December 31, 2023 
and 2022 and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt securities 
totaled $7.1 million and $3.7 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively.   

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities held-to-maturity: 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

Beginning balance 
Provision (benefit) 
Allowance for credit losses 

$ 

$ 

 1,100 
 (13)
 1,087 

$ 

$ 

 862 
 238 
 1,100 

$ 

$ 

 907 
 (45)
 862 

The Company did not have any allowance for credit losses for available for sale securities for the year ended 

December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

The Company sold available for sale securities with carrying values at the time of sale totaling $84.2 million, and 
$45.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The Company did not sell any available 
for sale securities during the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company purchased mortgage-backed available for sale 
securities totaling $5.4 million, $56.6 million, and $340.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 
2021, respectively.   

The following table represents the gross gains and gross losses realized from the sale of securities available for 

sale for the periods indicated: 

2023 

For the year ended December 31,  
2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

Gross gains from the sale of securities 
Gross losses from the sale of securities 
Net gain (loss) from the sale of securities 

$ 

$ 

 —   
 —   
 —   

$ 

$ 

 —  
 (10,948) 
 (10,948) 

$ 

$ 

 123 
 (10)
 113 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
Included in “Other assets” within our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are amounts held in a rabbi 
trust for certain non-qualified deferred compensation plans totaling $26.5 million and $24.3 million at December 31, 2023 
and 2022, respectively. 

7. Bank Premises and Equipment, net 

Bank premises and equipment are as follows at December 31: 

Leasehold improvements 
Equipment and furniture 

Total 

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization 

Bank premises and equipment, net 

8. Deposits 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

 50,976   $ 
 34,285  
 85,261  
 63,988  
 21,273   $ 

 46,992 
 32,793 
 79,785 
 58,035 
 21,750 

  $ 

  $ 

Total  deposits  at  the  periods  shown  and  the  weighted  average  rate  on  deposits  at  December 31,  2023,  are  as 

follows: 

Interest-bearing deposits: 

Certificate of deposit accounts 
Savings accounts 
Money market accounts 
NOW accounts 

Total interest-bearing deposits 
Non-interest bearing demand deposits 
Total due to depositors 

Mortgagors' escrow deposits 
Total deposits 

  Weighted   
  Average    

  December 31,    December 31,    Rate 

2023 
2022 
(Dollars in thousands) 

     2023 (1)    

  $ 

  $ 

 2,311,290   $ 
 108,605  
 1,726,404  
 1,771,164  
 5,917,463  
 847,416  
 6,764,879  
 50,382  
 6,815,261   $ 

 1,526,338   
 143,641   
 2,099,776   
 1,746,190   
 5,515,945   
 921,238   
 6,437,183   
 48,159   
 6,485,342   

 4.51 %
 0.45  
 3.91  
 3.58  

 0.25  

(1) The weighted average rate does not reflect the benefit of interest rate swaps. 

The aggregate amount of time deposits with denominations of $250,000 or more (excluding brokered deposits 
issued in $1,000 amounts under a master certificate of deposit) was $497.4 million and $377.4 million at December 31, 
2023  and  2022,  respectively.  The  aggregate  amount  of  brokered  deposits  was  $1,102.0  million  and  $856.3  million  at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, reciprocal deposits totaled $760.3 million and $659.5 million, respectively. 

Government deposits are collateralized by either securities, letters of credit issued by FHLB-NY or are placed in 
the IntraFi Network which arranges for placement of funds into certificate of deposit accounts, demand accounts or money 
market accounts issued by other member banks of the network in increments of less than $250,000 to ensure that both 
principal and interest are eligible for full FDIC deposit insurance. The letters of credit are collateralized by mortgage loans 
pledged by the Company. 

At  December 31,  2023,  government  deposits  totaled  $1,587.9  million,  of  which  $642.6  million  were  IntraFi 
Network deposits and $945.3 million were collateralized by $177.0 million in securities and $1,118.7 million of letters of 
credit.  At  December 31,  2022,  government  deposits  totaled  $1,653.3  million,  of  which  $604.8  million  were  IntraFi 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
    
  
  
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
   
 
  
  
   
 
  
  
   
 
  
  
   
 
 
Network deposits and $1,048.5 million were collateralized by $155.7 million in securities and $1,073.7 million of letters 
of credit. 

Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows for the years ended December 31: 

2023 

2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

Certificate of deposit accounts 
Savings accounts 
Money market accounts 
NOW accounts 

Total due to depositors 
Mortgagors' escrow deposits 

Total interest expense on deposits 

  $   64,844   $   12,547   $ 

 7,340 
 255 
 7,271 
 5,453 
    20,319 
 5 
  $  188,655   $   47,285   $   20,324 

 520  
 58,898  
 64,191  
   188,453  
 202  

 211  
    19,039  
    15,353  
    47,150  
 135  

Scheduled remaining maturities of certificate of deposit accounts are summarized as follows for the years ended 

December 31: 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

  $ 2,210,586    $ 

 859,546 
 599,809 
 64,353 
 1,025 
 298 
 1,307 
  $ 2,311,290    $  1,526,338 

 89,816   
 2,115   
 4,733   
 2,898   
 1,142   

Within 12 months 
More than 12 months to 24 months 
More than 24 months to 36 months 
More than 36 months to 48 months 
More than 48 months to 60 months 
More than 60 months 

Total certificate of deposit accounts 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
9. Borrowed Funds 

Borrowed funds are summarized as follows at December 31: 

2023 

  Weighted   
  Average 

     Amount       Rate 

      Amount 

(Dollars in thousands) 

2022 

  Weighted    
  Average 
     Rate 

FHLB-NY advances - fixed rate: 

Due in 2023 
Due in 2024 
Due in 2025 
Due in 2026 
Due in 2027 
Due in 2028 

Total FHLB-NY advances 

Other Borrowings: 
Due in 2024 

Subordinated debentures 

Due in 2031 
Due in 2032 

Total Subordinated debentures 

  $ 

 —   
 145,750   
 14,675  
 108,244  
 185,017  
 27,115   
    480,801   

 —  
 5.53  
 4.90  
 4.71  
 4.63  
 3.83  
 4.88  

$ 

 815,501    
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —    
 815,501    

 4.08  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 4.08  

    125,000   

 4.99  

 —    

 —  

 123,700  
 63,930  
    187,630   

 3.51  
 6.52  
 4.53  

 123,285   
 63,680   
 186,965    

 3.52  
 6.54  
 4.55  

Junior subordinated debentures - adjustable rate due in 2037 

 47,850   

 9.14  

 50,507    

 7.44  

Total borrowings 

FHLB-NY Advances 

  $  841,281   

 5.06 %   $  1,052,973    

 4.32 % 

The FHLB-NY advances are fixed rate borrowings with no call provisions. The borrowings original terms range 

from one week to five years. 

At December 31, 2023, the Company has borrowing availability totaling $3,808.6 million from the FHLB-NY in 
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and letters of credit. At December 31, 2023, we pledged real estate loans totaling $5.4 
billion as collateral. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had $1,599.5 million outstanding in combined balances of 
FHLB-NY advances and letters of credit.  

Other Borrowings 

At December 31, 2023, the Company also has unsecured lines of credit with other commercial banks totaling 
$1,103.0  million,  with  $25.0  million  outstanding.  Additionally,  at  December  31,  2023  the  Company  had  a  secured 
borrowing totaling $100.0 million with the Federal Reserve. 

Subordinated Debentures 

Subordinated debt totaled $187.6 million at December 31, 2023, which included $2.4 million of unamortized debt 
issuance costs. These costs are being amortized to interest expense using the level yield method through the first call date 
of the subordinated debt. 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
    
    
    
 
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  shows  the  terms  of  the  subordinated  debt  issued  by  the  Holding  Company  which  is 

outstanding at December 31, 2023: 

(Dollars in thousands) 
Amount 
Issue Date 
Initial Rate 
First Reset Date 
First Call Date 
Holding Type 
Spread over 3-month SOFR 
Maturity Date 

$ 

August 24, 2022  

 65,000   $ 

 125,000  
  November 22, 2021  

 6.000 %   

 3.125 %

  September 1, 2027  
  September 1, 2027   
Variable 

  December 1, 2026  
  December 1, 2026   
Variable 

 3.130 %   

 2.035 %

  September 1, 2032  

  December 1, 2031  

The subordinated debentures issued by the Company may not be redeemed prior to their respective first call dates, 
except that the Company may redeem the subordinated debentures at any time, at its option, in whole but not in part, 
subject  to  obtaining  any  required  regulatory  approvals,  if  (i) a  change  or  prospective  change  in  law  occurs  that  could 
prevent the Company from deducting interest payable on the subordinated debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (ii) a 
subsequent event occurs that precludes the subordinated debt from being recognized as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital 
purposes, or (iii) the Company is required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 
1940, as amended, in each case, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated debt plus 
any accrued and unpaid interest through, but excluding, the redemption date. 

Junior Subordinated Debentures 

The Holding Company has three trusts formed under the laws of the State of Delaware for the purpose of issuing 
capital  and  common  securities,  and  investing  the  proceeds  thereof  in  junior  subordinated  debentures  of  the  Holding 
Company. Each of these trusts issued $20.6 million of securities which had a fixed-rate for the first five years, after which 
they reset quarterly based on a spread over 3-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”). The securities were 
first callable at par after five years, and pay cumulative dividends. The Holding Company has guaranteed the payment of 
these trusts’ obligations under their capital securities. The terms of the junior subordinated debentures are the same as 
those of the capital securities issued by the trusts. The junior subordinated debentures issued by the Holding Company are 
carried at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. 

The table below shows the terms of the securities issued by the trusts which is outstanding at December 31, 2023. 

Issue Date 
Initial Rate 
First Reset Date 
Spread over 3-month SOFR 
Spread Adjustment 
Maturity Date 

     Flushing Financial        Flushing Financial       Flushing Financial     
 Capital Trust III 
     Capital Trust II 

      Capital Trust IV 

June 20, 2007   

June 21, 2007   

July 3, 2007   

 7.14  %  

 6.89  %  

 6.85  % 

  September 1, 2012   

June 15, 2012   

July 30, 2012   

 1.41  %  
 0.26  %  

 1.44  %  
 0.26  %  

 1.42  % 
 0.26  %  

  September 1, 2037    September 15, 2037   

July 30, 2037   

The consolidated financial statements do not include the securities issued by the trusts, but rather include the 
junior subordinated debentures of the Holding Company. The interest rate on junior subordinated debt was adjusted in 
2023 with the cessation of the publication of 3-month LIBOR to 3-month CME Term SOFR adjusted for relevant spread 
adjustment. 

10. Income Taxes 

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income tax within U.S. federal, New York, New York City, and 
various other state and local jurisdictions. The Company is undergoing examinations of New York City income tax returns 
for years ending December 31, 2015 through 2017 and New York State income tax returns for years ending December 31, 
2017 through 2019. The New York State examination of tax years 2015 through 2016 was closed in 2022. The Company 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
remains subject to examination for its federal and various other states income tax returns for the years ending on or after 
December 31, 2020. 

Income tax provisions are summarized as follows for the years ended December 31: 

Federal: 
Current 
Deferred 

Total federal tax provision 

State and Local: 

Current 
Deferred 

Total state and local tax provision 

Total provision for income taxes 

2023 

2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

  $ 

 4,904   $   17,565    $   21,206 
 (1,128)
 2,681  
    20,078 
 7,585  

 4   
    17,569   

 2,544  
 1,040  
 3,584  

 8,004 
 (597)
 7,407 
  $   11,169   $   27,907    $   27,485 

    10,198   
 140   
    10,338   

The income tax provision in the Consolidated Statements of Income has been provided at effective rates of 28.0%, 
26.6%, and 25.2% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The effective rates differ from 
the statutory federal income tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31: 

Taxes at federal statutory rate 
Increase (reduction) in taxes resulting 
from: 

State and local income tax, net of 
Federal income tax benefit 
Tax exempt income, net 
Other 

Taxes at effective rate 

2023 

2022 
(Dollars in thousands) 

2021 

  $ 

 8,365   

 21.0 %  $   22,019   

 21.0  %  $   22,948   

 21.0 %

 2,831   
 (1,079)  
 1,052   
  $   11,169   

 8,167   
 7.1  
 (2,083)  
 (2.7) 
 2.6  
 (196)  
 28.0 %  $   27,907   

 6,865   
 7.8   
 (1,150)  
 (2.0)  
 (0.2)  
 (1,178)  
 26.6  %  $   27,485   

 6.3  
 (1.0) 
 (1.1) 
 25.2 %

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
 
 
    
      
      
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
     
  
 
 
  
 
  
    
   
  
    
    
  
    
   
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The components of the net deferred tax assets are as follows at December 31: 

 Deferred tax assets:  
    Allowance for credit losses on loans  
    Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale* 
    Operating lease liabilities  
    Accrued compensation  
    Stock based compensation  
    Depreciation  
    Derivative adjustments  
    Pension and post-retirement benefits  
    Other allowances  
    Acquisition fair value marks  
    Net operating losses  
    Net unrealized losses on pension and post-retirement benefits* 
    Other  
       Deferred tax assets  

 Deferred tax liabilities:  
    Right of use assets  
    Net unrealized gains on cash flow hedges* 
    Deferred loan fees, net  
    Fair value adjustments  
    Net unrealized gains on entity specific fair value* 
    Other  
       Deferred tax liabilities  

$ 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

$ 

 12,475   
 24,667   
 12,680   
 7,882   
 3,140   
 2,711   
 445   
 2,044   
 3,609   
 637   
 491   
 172   
 1,482   
 72,435   

 12,287   
 6,667   
 3,819   
 3,110   
 747   
 660   
 27,290   

 12,528 
 28,418 
 14,289 
 8,709 
 3,171 
 2,462 
 2,030 
 2,126 
 1,185 
 960 
 257 
 124 
 989 
 77,248 

 13,410 
 11,429 
 3,930 
 2,314 
 672 
 24 
 31,779 

 Net deferred tax asset included in other assets  

$ 

 45,145   

$ 

 45,469 

*Represents the amount of deferred taxes recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. 

At December 31, 2023, after considering all available positive and negative evidence, management concluded 
that a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets was not necessary because it is more likely than not that these tax 
benefits will be fully realized in future periods. While management continues to evaluate the need for a valuation 
allowance prospectively, it is not expected that a valuation allowance will be required based upon projected profitability.  

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest 

and penalties recorded. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly 
increase within the next twelve months.  

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
11. Stock-Based Compensation 

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company’s net income, as reported, includes $5.3 
million,  $6.2  million,  and  $7.9  million,  respectively,  of  stock-based  compensation  costs  as  recorded  in  salaries  and 
employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income, including the benefit or expense of phantom stock awards, 
and  $1.5  million,  $1.6  million,  and  $2.0  million,  respectively,  of  income  tax  benefits  related  to  the  stock-based 
compensation plans.  

The 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2014 Omnibus Plan”) became effective on May 20, 2014 after adoption by 
the Board of Directors and approval by the stockholders. The 2014 Omnibus Plan authorizes the issuance of 1,100,000 
shares. To the extent that an award under the 2014 Omnibus Plan is cancelled, expired, forfeited, settled in cash, settled 
by issuance of fewer shares than the number underlying the award, or otherwise terminated without delivery of shares to 
a  participant  in  payment  of  the  exercise  price  or  taxes  relating  to  an  award,  the  shares  retained  by  or  returned  to  the 
Company will be available for future issuance under the 2014 Omnibus Plan. On May 31, 2017, stockholders approved an 
amendment to the 2014 Omnibus Plan (the “Amendment”) authorizing an additional 672,000 shares available for future 
issuance. In addition, to increasing the number of shares for future grants, the Amendment eliminated, in the case of stock 
options and SARs, the ability to recycle shares used to satisfy the exercise price or taxes for such awards. On May 18, 
2021, stockholders approved an additional 1,100,000 shares available for future issuance. Including the additional shares 
authorized  from  the  Amendment,  746,910  shares  were  available  for  future  issuance  under  the  2014  Omnibus  Plan  at 
December 31, 2023. To fund restricted stock unit awards or option exercises, shares are issued from treasury stock, if 
available; otherwise, new shares are issued. Options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and 
other stock-based awards granted under the 2014 Omnibus Plan are generally subject to a minimum vesting period of three 
years with stock options having a 10-year maximum contractual term. Other awards do not have a contractual term of 
expiration.  The  Compensation  Committee  of  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  (the  “Compensation  Committee”)  is 
authorized  to  grant  awards  that  vest  upon  a  participant’s  retirement.  These  amounts  are  included  in  stock-based 
compensation expense at the time of the participant’s retirement eligibility. 

The  Company  has  a  long-term  incentive  compensation  program  for  certain  Company  executive  officers  that 
includes  grants  of  performance-based  restricted  stock  units  (“PRSUs”)  in  addition  to  time-based  restricted  stock  units 
(“RSU”). Under the terms of the PRSU Agreement, the number of PRSUs that may be earned depends on the extent to 
which  performance  goals  for  the  award  are  achieved  over  a  three-year  performance  period,  as  determined  by  the 
Compensation Committee of the Board. The number of PRSUs that may be earned ranges from 0% to 150% of the target 
award,  with  no  PRSUs  earned  for  below  threshold-level  performance,  50%  of  PRSUs  earned  for  threshold-level 
performance,  100%  of  PRSUs  earned  for  target-level  performance,  and  150%  of  PRSUs  earned  for  maximum-level 
performance. As of December 31, 2023, PRSU’s granted in 2023 are being accrued at target, PRSU’s granted in 2022 are 
being accrued at below target and PRSU’s granted in 2021 are accrued at above target. The different levels of accrual are 
commensurate with the projected Company’s performance for the respective grant. 

The Company uses the fair value of the common stock on the date of award to measure compensation cost for 
restricted stock unit awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the vesting period of the award using the straight-line 
method. There were 235,850, 212,811, and 238,985 RSU's granted for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 
2021, respectively, and 79,050, 63,250, and 94,185 PRSU’s granted for the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 
2021, respectively.  

106 

The  following  table  summarizes  the  Company’s  RSU  and  PRSU  awards  under  the  2014  Omnibus  Plan  for 

the year ended December 31, 2023: 

RSU Awards 

PRSU Awards 

  Weighted-Average  
Grant-Date 
Fair Value 

  Weighted-Average 
Grant-Date 
Fair Value 

     Shares 

     Shares      

Non-vested at 
December 31, 2022 

Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 
Non-vested at 
December 31, 2023 

Vested but unissued at 
December 31, 2023 

 275,588   $ 
 235,850  
    (228,292) 
 (2,985) 

 22.30   
 19.84   
 21.19   
 22.15   

 68,800    $ 
 79,050   
 (70,280) 
 —   

 280,161   $ 

 21.14   

 77,570    $ 

 20.90 
 19.99 
 20.79 
 — 

 20.08 

 259,003   $ 

 20.79     127,290    $ 

 20.08 

As of December 31, 2023, there was $4.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSU and 
PRSU awards granted under the 2014 Omnibus Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average 
period of 2.6 years. The total fair value of awards vested for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 were 
$5.8 million, $7.6 million, and $5.9 million, respectively. The vested but unissued RSU awards consist of awards made to 
employees and directors who are eligible for retirement. The vested but unissued PRSU awards consist of awards made to 
employees  who  are  eligible  for  retirement.  According  to  the  terms  of  these  awards,  which  provide  for  vesting  upon 
retirement, these employees and directors have no risk of forfeiture. These shares will be issued at the original contractual 
vesting and settlement dates.  

 Phantom Stock Plan: The Company maintains a non-qualified phantom stock plan as a supplement to its profit 
sharing plan for officers who have achieved the designated level and completed one year of service. Awards are made 
under this plan on certain compensation not eligible for contributions made under the profit sharing plan, due to the terms 
of the profit sharing plan and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). Employees 
receive awards under this plan proportionate to the amount they would have received under the profit sharing plan, but for 
limits imposed by the profit sharing plan and the Internal Revenue Code. The awards are made as cash awards, and then 
converted to common stock equivalents (phantom shares) at the then current fair value of the Company’s common stock. 
Dividends are credited to each employee’s account in the form of additional phantom shares each time the Company pays 
a dividend on its common stock. In the event of a change of control (as defined in this plan), an employee’s interest is 
converted to a fixed dollar amount and deemed to be invested in the same manner as their interest in the Bank’s non-
qualified deferred compensation plan. Employees vest under this plan 20% per year for the first 5 years of employment 
and are 100% vested thereafter. Employees also become 100% vested upon a change of control. Employees receive their 
vested interest in this plan in the form of a cash lump sum payment or installments, as elected by the employee, after 
termination of employment. The Company adjusts its liability under this plan to the fair value of the shares at the end of 
each period. 

The following table summarizes the Company’s Phantom Stock Plan at or for the year ended December 31, 2023: 

     Fair Value 

Shares 
 158,410   $ 
 23,665  
 (1,228) 
 180,847   $ 
 180,847   $ 

Weighted-
Average Fair 
Value 

 19.38  

  $ 
  $ 

 17.38 
 16.95 

 16.48  
 16.48  

Phantom Stock Plan 
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 

Granted 
Distributions 

Outstanding at December 31, 2023 
Vested at December 31, 2023 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
The Company recorded stock-based compensation (benefit) expense for the phantom stock plan of ($0.3) million, 
($0.6) million, and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The total fair value 
of distributions from the phantom stock plan were $21,000, $23,000, and $52,000 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021, respectively. 

12. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans 

The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, on a pre-tax basis, consist of the following, 

as of December 31: 

Net Actuarial 
(Gain) Loss 
2022 

      2021 

2023 

      2023 

Prior Service 
Cost (Credit) 
2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

2023 

Total 
2022 

      2021 

  $ 

 3,978   $ 

 3,944   $ 

 1,414   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 3,978   $ 

 3,944   $ 

 1,414 

 (2,268)  
 (1,158)  

 (2,512) 
 (1,034) 

  $ 

 552   $ 

 398   $ 

 932  
 (440) 
 1,906   $ 

 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 —  
 —  
 —   $ 

 (27)  
 —  
 (27)   $ 

 (2,268)  
 (1,158)  

 (2,512) 
 (1,034) 

 552   $ 

 398   $ 

 905 
 (440)
 1,879 

Employee Retirement Plan 
Other Postretirement Benefit 
Plans 
Outside Directors Plan 
Total 

Employee Retirement Plan: 

The  Company  has  a  funded  noncontributory  defined  benefit  retirement  plan  covering  substantially  all  of  its 
salaried employees who were hired before September 1, 2005 (the “Retirement Plan”). The benefits are based on years of 
service and the employee’s compensation during the three consecutive years out of the final ten years of service, which 
was completed prior to September 30, 2006, the date the Retirement Plan was frozen, that produces the highest average. 
The  Bank’s  funding  policy  is  to  contribute  annually  the  amount  recommended  by  the  Retirement  Plan’s  actuary.  At 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Bank's Retirement Plan is invested 100% in fixed income funds. The Company did not 
make  a  contribution  to  the  Retirement  Plan  during  the years  ended  December 31,  2023,  2022,  and  2021.  Net  pension 
(benefit) expense is recorded in salaries and employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company 
uses a December 31 measurement date for the Retirement Plan. 

The following table sets forth, for the Retirement Plan, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for the 

Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31: 

Change in benefit obligation: 

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gain) loss 
Benefits paid 

Projected benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets: 

Market value of assets at beginning of year 
Actual return on plan assets 
Benefits paid 

Market value of plan assets at end of year 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

 17,172   $ 
 812  
 199  
 (1,151) 
 17,032  

 22,109 
 553 
 (4,243)
 (1,247)
 17,172 

 19,065  
 1,306  
 (1,151) 
 19,220  

 26,059 
 (5,747)
 (1,247)
 19,065 

Accrued pension asset included in other assets  

  $ 

 2,188   $ 

 1,893 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assumptions used to determine the Retirement Plan’s benefit obligations are as follows at December 31: 

Weighted average discount rate 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels 

     2023 

      2022 

 4.73 %   
n/a   

 4.93 %
n/a  

The mortality assumptions for 2023 and 2022 were based on the Pri-2012 Total Dataset with Scale MP-2021. 

The components of the net pension (benefit) expense for the Retirement Plan are as follows for the years ended 

December 31: 

Interest cost 
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss 
Expected return on plan assets 
Net pension (benefit) expense 

Current year actuarial (gain) loss 
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses 

Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss 

Total recognized in net pension (benefit) expense and other comprehensive 
(income) loss 

2023 

2022 
(in thousands) 

2021 

  $ 

 812    $ 

 —   
 (1,109) 
 (297) 

 553   $ 
 5  
 (1,031) 
 (473) 

 512 
 488 
 (1,096)
 (96)

 34   
 —   
 34   

 2,535  
 (5) 
 2,530  

 127 
 (488)
 (361)

  $ 

 (263)  $ 

 2,057   $ 

 (457)

Assumptions used to develop periodic pension cost for the Retirement Plan for the years ended December 31: 

Weighted average discount rate 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels 
Expected long-term rate of return on assets 

     2023 

      2022 

      2021 

 4.93  %  
n/a    
 4.75  %  

 2.58 %   
n/a   
 4.25 %   

 2.18 %
n/a  
 4.75 %

The following benefit payments are expected to be paid by the Retirement Plan for the years ending December 31: 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029-2033 

Future Benefit 
Payments 
(In thousands) 
 1,247 
$ 
 1,238 
 1,237 
 1,239 
 1,232 
 6,052 

The long-term rate of return on assets assumption was set based on historical returns earned by fixed income 
securities, adjusted to reflect expectations of future returns as applied to the plan’s target allocation of asset classes. Fixed 
income securities were assumed to earn real rates of return in the ranges of 3-5%. When these overall return expectations 
are applied to the plans target allocation, the result is an expected rate return of 4.75% for 2023. 

The Retirement Plan’s weighted average asset allocations by asset category at December 31: 

Debt securities 

     2023 

      2022 

 100 %   

 100 %

At December 31, 2023, Plan assets are invested in a diversified mix of fixed income funds. 

109 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
The long-term investment objectives are to maintain plan assets at a level that will sufficiently cover long-term 
obligations and to generate a return on plan assets that will meet or exceed the rate at which long-term obligations will 
grow. Adjustments to this mix are made periodically based on current capital market conditions and plan funding levels. 
Performance of the investment fund managers is monitored on an ongoing basis using modern portfolio risk analysis and 
appropriate index benchmarks. 

The Company does not expect to make a contribution to the Retirement Plan in 2024. 

The following table sets forth the Retirement Plan’s assets at the periods indicated: 

Pooled Separate Accounts 

Long duration bond fund (a) 
Long corporate bond fund (b) 
Prudential short term (c) 

Mutual Fund 

Investment grade bond fund (d) 

Total 

  At December 31,  
2022 

2023 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

 4,842   $ 
 3,907  
 363  

 4,596 
 3,754 
 262 

    10,108  

    10,453 

  $  19,220   $  19,065 

a.  Comprised  of  fixed  income  securities  with  durations  of  longer  than  six years  that  seek  to  maximize  total  return 

consistent with the preservation of capital and prudent investment management. 

b.  Comprised of corporate bonds with an average duration within 0.25 years of the benchmark and its average credit 
quality is no lower than BBB. The fund seeks to outperform the Bloomberg Barclays Long Corporate Bond Index. 

c.  Comprised of money market instruments with an emphasis on safety and liquidity. 
d.  Comprised  of  high  quality  corporate  bonds  diversified  broadly  across  industries,  issuers  and  regions.  The  funds 

primary benchmark is the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Credit Index. 

The fair value of the mutual fund is determined daily using quoted market prices in an open market (level 1). The 
fair  value  of  the  pooled  separate  accounts  is  determined  by  the  investment  manager  and  is  based  on  the  value  of  the 
underlying assets held at December 31, 2023 and 2022. These are measured at net asset value under the practical expedient 
with future redemption dates. 

The  fair  values  of  the  Plan’s  investments  in  pooled  separate  accounts  are  calculated  each  business  day.  All 
investments can be redeemed on a daily basis without restriction. The investments in pooled separate accounts, which are 
valued at net asset value, have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with Accounting Standards 
Update (“ASU”) No. 2015-07 “Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share 
(or Its Equivalent)”. 

110 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
    
      
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans: 

The  Company  sponsors  two unfunded postretirement benefit  plans (the  “Postretirement  Plans”)  that  cover  all 
retirees hired prior to January 1, 2011, who were full-time permanent employees with at least five years of service, and 
their spouses. Effective January 1, 2011, the Postretirement Plans are no longer available for new hires. One plan provides 
medical benefits through a 50% cost sharing arrangement. Effective January 1, 2000, the spouses of future retirees were 
required  to  pay  100%  of  the  premiums  for  their  coverage.  The  other  plan  provides  life  insurance  benefits  and  is 
noncontributory.  Effective  January 1,  2010,  life  insurance  benefits  are  not  available  for  future  retirees.  Under  these 
programs,  eligible  retirees  receive  lifetime  medical  and  life  insurance  coverage  for  themselves  and  lifetime  medical 
coverage  for  their  spouses.  Net  postretirement  (benefit)  expense  is  recorded  in  salaries  and  employee  benefits  on  the 
Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company reserves the right to amend or terminate these plans at its discretion. 

Comprehensive medical plan benefits equal the lesser of the normal plan benefit or the total amount not paid by 
Medicare. Life insurance benefits for retirees are based on annual compensation and age at retirement. As of December 31, 
2023, the Company has not funded these plans. The Company used a December 31 measurement date for these plans. 

The following table sets forth, for the Postretirement Plans, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for 

the Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31: 

Change in benefit obligation: 

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gain) loss 
Benefits paid 

Projected benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets: 

Market value of assets at beginning of year 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 

Market value of plan assets at end of year 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

 7,851   $  10,853 
 269 
 277 
    (3,444)
 (104)
 7,851 

 158  
 381  
 6  
 (124) 
 8,272  

 —  
 124  
 (124) 
 —  

 — 
 104 
 (104)
 — 

Accrued pension cost included in other liabilities 

  $ 

 8,272   $ 

 7,851 

Assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the accumulated postretirement benefit obligations 

at December 31 are as follows: 

Discount rate 
Rate of increase in health care costs 

Initial 
Ultimate (year 2090) 

Annual rate of salary increase for life insurance 

     2023 

      2022 

 4.73 %   

 4.93 %  

 7.50 %   
 4.54 %   
n/a    

 7.50 %  
 4.44 %  
n/a  

111 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
    
      
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
     
  
  
  
 
The mortality assumptions for 2023 and 2022 were based on the Pri-2012 with Scale MP-2021. 

The  resulting  net  periodic  postretirement  expense  consisted  of  the  following  components  for  the years  ended 

December 31: 

Service cost 
Interest cost 
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss 
Amortization of past service credit 

Net postretirement benefit expense 

Current year actuarial gain (loss) 
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss 
Amortization of prior service credit 

Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) 
Total recognized in net postretirement (benefit) expense and 
other comprehensive income (loss) 

     2023 

     2022 
(In thousands) 

     2021 

  $  158   $

 381  
 (238) 
 —  
 301  

 269   $  293 
 233 
 277  
 30 
 —  
 (85)
 (27) 
 471 
 519  

 6  
 238  
 —  
 244  

   (3,444) 
 —  
 27  
   (3,417) 

 (370)
 (31)
 85 
 (316)

  $  545   $ (2,898)  $  155 

Assumptions used to develop periodic postretirement expense for the Postretirement Plans for the years ended 

December 31: 

Rate of return on plan assets 
Discount rate 
Rate of increase in health care costs 

Initial 
Ultimate (year 2090) 

Annual rate of salary increase for life insurance 

     2023        2022        2021    

n/a    
 4.93  %  

n/a   

n/a  

 2.58 %     2.18 %

 7.50  %  
 4.44  %  
n/a    

 7.50 %     7.50 %
 5.00 %     5.00 %

n/a   

n/a  

The following benefit payments under the Postretirement Plan, which reflect expected future service, are expected 

to be paid for the years ending December 31: 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029-2033 

Defined Contribution Plans: 

      Future Benefit 

$ 

Payments 
(In thousands) 
 255 
 297 
 347 
 399 
 414 
 2,751 

The  Bank  maintains  a  tax  qualified  401(k) plan  which  covers  substantially  all  salaried  employees  who  have 
completed one year of service. Currently, annual matching contributions under the Bank’s 401(k) plan equal 50% of the 
employee’s contributions, up to a maximum of 3% of the employee’s base salary. In addition, the 401(k) plan includes the 
Defined  Contribution  Retirement  Plan  (“DCRP”),  under  which  the  Bank  contributes  an  amount  equal  to  4%  of  an 
employee’s eligible compensation as defined in the plan, and the Profit Sharing Plan (“PSP”) under, which at the discretion 
of the Company’s Board of Directors, a contribution is made. Employees hired after December 31, 2019 are not eligible 
to receive DCRP and PSP contributions. Contributions for the DCRP and PSP are made in the form of Company common 
stock at or after the end of each year. Annual contributions under these plans are subject to the limits imposed under the 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
     
    
   
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
Internal Revenue Code. Contributions by the Company into the 401(k) plan vest 20% per year over the employee’s first 
five years of service. Contributions to these plans are 100% vested upon a change of control (as defined in the applicable 
plan). Compensation expense recorded by the Company for these plans amounted to $3.4 million, $4.7 million, and $7.4 
million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. 

The Bank provides a non-qualified deferred compensation plan as an incentive for officers who have achieved 
the  designated  level  and  completed  one year  of  service.  In  addition  to  the  amounts  deferred  by  the  officers,  the  Bank 
matches 50% of their contributions, generally up to a maximum of 5% of the officers’ base salary. Matching contributions 
under this plan vest 20% per year for five years. The non-qualified deferred compensation plan assets are held in a rabbi 
trust totaling $18.9 million and $16.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Contributions become 100% 
vested upon a change of control (as defined in the plan). Compensation expense recorded by the Company for this plan 
amounted to $0.5 million for each of the years 2023, 2022 and 2021. 

Outside Director Retirement Plan: 

The Bank has an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit Outside Director Retirement Plan (the “Directors’ 
Plan”), which provides benefits to each non-employee director who became a non-employee director before January 1, 
2004. Upon termination an eligible director will be paid an annual retirement benefit equal to $48,000. Such benefit will 
be paid in equal monthly installments for 120 months. In the event of a termination of Board service due to a change of 
control, an eligible non-employee director will receive a cash lump sum payment equal to 120 months of benefit. In the 
event of the director’s death, the surviving spouse will receive the equivalent benefit. No benefits will be payable to a 
director who is removed for cause. The Holding Company has guaranteed the payment of benefits under the Directors’ 
Plan, for this reason the Bank has assets held in a rabbi trust totaling $2.0 million and $1.9 million at December 31, 2023 
and  2022,  respectively.  Net  pension  (benefit)  expense  is  recorded  in  other  operating  expense  on  the  Consolidated 
Statements of Income. The Bank uses a December 31 measurement date for the Directors’ Plan. 

The following table sets forth, for the Directors’ Plan, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for the 

Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31: 

Change in benefit obligation: 

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial (gain) loss 
Benefits paid 

Projected benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets: 

Market value of assets at beginning of year 
Employer contributions 
Benefits paid 

Market value of plan assets at end of year 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

 1,302   $ 
 8  
 59  
 (285) 
 (68) 
 1,016  

 2,010 
 11 
 48 
 (623)
 (144)
 1,302 

 —  
 68  
 (68) 
 —  

 — 
 144 
 (144)
 — 

Accrued pension cost included in other liabilities 

  $ 

 1,016   $ 

 1,302 

113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
    
      
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  components  of  the  net  pension  expense  for  the  Directors’  Plan  are  as  follows  for  the years  ended 

December 31: 

Service cost 
Interest cost 
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss 

Net pension expense (income) 

     2023 

     2022 
(In thousands) 

     2021 

  $

 8   $
 59  
 (161) 
 (94) 

 11    $ 
 48   
 (29) 
 30   

 16 
 46 
 (18)
 44 

Current actuarial (gain) loss 
Amortization of actuarial gain (loss) 

Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) 
Total recognized in net pension (benefit) expense and other 
comprehensive income (loss) 

 (285) 
 161  
 (124) 

 (623) 
 29   
 (594) 

 (184)
 18 
 (166)

  $  (218)  $  (564)  $   (122)

Assumptions  used  to  determine  benefit  obligations  and  periodic  pension  expense  for  the  Directors’  Plan  for 

the years ended December 31: 

Weighted average discount rate for the benefit obligation 
Weighted average discount rate for periodic pension benefit expense 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels 

     2023 

      2022 

      2021 

 4.73 %   
 4.93 %   
n/a   

 4.93 %  
 2.58 %  
n/a   

 2.58 %
 2.18 %
n/a  

The following benefit payments under the Directors’ Plan, which reflect expected future service, are expected to 

be paid for the years ending December 31: 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 - 2033 

13. Stockholders’ Equity 

Dividend Restrictions on the Bank: 

      Future Benefit 

$ 

Payments 
(In thousands) 
 124 
 96 
 96 
 96 
 96 
 444 

In connection with the Bank’s conversion from mutual to stock form in November 1995, a special liquidation 
account was established at the time of conversion, in accordance with the requirements of its primary regulator, which was 
equal to its capital as of June 30, 1995. The liquidation account is reduced as and to the extent that eligible account holders 
have reduced their qualifying deposits. Subsequent increases in deposits do not restore an eligible account holder’s interest 
in the liquidation account. In the event of a complete liquidation of the Bank, each eligible account holder will be entitled 
to receive a distribution from the liquidation account in an amount proportionate to the current adjusted qualifying balances 
for accounts then held. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Bank’s liquidation account was $0.3 million and was 
presented within retained earnings. 

In  addition  to  the  restriction  described  above,  New  York  State  and  Federal  banking  regulations  place  certain 
restrictions on dividends paid by the Bank to the Holding Company. The total amount of dividends which may be paid at 
any date is generally limited to the net income of the Bank for the current year and prior two years, less any dividends 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
previously paid from those earnings. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had $29.7 million in retained earnings available 
to distribute to the Holding Company in the form of cash dividends. 

In addition, dividends paid by the Bank to the Holding Company would be prohibited if the effect thereof would 

cause the Bank’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements. 

The amount of dividends the Holding Company can declare and pay is generally limited to its net profits for the 
preceding  year  less  dividends  paid  during  that  period.  In  addition,  dividends  paid  by  the  Holding  Company  would  be 
prohibited  if  the  effect  thereof would  cause  the  Holding Company’s  capital  to  be reduced below  applicable  minimum 
capital requirements. 

Treasury Stock Transactions: 

The Holding Company repurchased 786,498 common shares at an average cost of $14.59 and 1,253,725 common 
shares at an average cost of $21.73 during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. At December 31, 
2023,  807,964  shares  remained  subject  to  repurchase  under  the  authorized  stock  repurchase  program.  Stock  will  be 
purchased  under  the  authorized  stock  repurchase  program  from  time  to  time,  in  the  open  market  or  through  private 
transactions, subject to market conditions and at the discretion of the management of the Company. There is no expiration 
or maximum dollar amount under this authorization. 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss: 

The  following  are  changes  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  by  component,  net  of  tax,  for  the years 

ended: 

December 31, 2023 

  Unrealized Gains    Unrealized Gains   

(Losses) on 
  Available for Sale  
Securities 

(Losses) on 
Cash flow 
Hedges 

Fair Value 

  Defined Benefit    Option Elected   

      Pension Items       on Liabilities       Total 

(In thousands) 

Beginning balance, net of tax 

  $ 

 (63,106)  $ 

 25,380   $ 

 (275)   $ 

 1,513   $ (36,488)

Other comprehensive income (loss) before 
reclassifications, net of tax 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 

Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of 
tax 
Ending balance, net of tax 

  $ 

 8,362  

 6,943  

 —  

 (17,527) 

 170  

 (276)  

 165  

    15,640 

 —  

   (17,803)

 8,362  
 (54,744)  $ 

 (10,584) 
 14,796   $ 

 (106)  
 (381)   $ 

 165  

 (2,163)
 1,678   $ (38,651)

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
December 31, 2022 

  Unrealized Gains    Unrealized Gains   

(Losses) on 
  Available for Sale   
Securities 

(Losses) on 
Cash flow 
Hedges 

Fair Value 

  Defined Benefit   Option Elected     

     Pension Items       on Liabilities       Total 

(In thousands) 

Beginning balance, net of tax 

  $ 

 (6,272)  $ 

 (1,406)  $ 

 (1,282)  $ 

 2,276   $   (6,684)

Other comprehensive 
income (loss) before 
reclassifications, net of tax   
Amounts reclassified from 
accumulated other 
comprehensive income 
(loss), net of tax 
Net current period other 
comprehensive income (loss), 
net of tax 
Ending balance, net of tax 

  $ 

 (64,381) 

 23,812  

 1,043  

 (763) 

   (40,289)

 7,547  

 2,974  

 (36) 

 —  

    10,485 

 (56,834) 
 (63,106)  $ 

 26,786  
 25,380   $ 

 1,007  
 (275)  $ 

 (763) 
   (29,804)
 1,513   $  (36,488)

December 31, 2021 

     Unrealized Gains     Unrealized Gains       

(Losses) on 
  Available for Sale  
Securities 

(Losses) on 
Cash flow 
Hedges 

    Fair Value 

  Defined Benefit    Option Elected    
     Pension Items        on Liabilities    Total 

(In thousands) 

Beginning balance, net of tax 

  $ 

 1,290   $ 

 (17,521)  $ 

 (1,884)  $ 

 1,849  $  (16,266)

Other comprehensive 
income (loss) before 
reclassifications, net of tax 
Amounts reclassified from 
accumulated other 
comprehensive income 
(loss), net of tax 
Net current period other 
comprehensive income (loss), 
net of tax 
Ending balance, net of tax 

 (7,484) 

 8,819  

 319  

 427    

 2,081 

 (78) 

 7,296  

 283  

 —    

 7,501 

  $ 

 (7,562) 
 (6,272)  $ 

 16,115  
 (1,406)  $ 

 602  
 (1,282)  $ 

 427    

 9,582 
 2,276  $   (6,684)

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The following tables set forth significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by 

component for the periods indicated: 

Details about Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
Components 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

Amounts Reclassified from 
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive 
Income (Loss) 

(In thousands) 

Affected Line Item in the 
Statement 
Where Net Income (Loss) is 
Presented 

Cash flow hedges: 
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense)    $

Amortization of defined benefit 
pension items: 
Actuarial losses benefit (expense) 

  $

  $

  $

 25,424     Interest expense 
 (7,897)   Provision for income taxes 
 17,527    

 399  (1)  Other operating expense 
 (123)  Provision for income taxes 
 276    

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

Details about Accumulated Other 

Affected Line Item in the Statement 
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components      Comprehensive Income (Loss)      Where Net Income (Loss) is Presented
(In thousands) 

Amounts Reclassified from 
Accumulated Other 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available for 
sale securities: 

Cash flow hedges: 
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense) 

Amortization of defined benefit pension 
items: 
Actuarial losses benefit (expense) 
Prior service credits benefit (expense) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 (10,948)    Net gain (loss) on sale of securities 

 3,401     Provision for income taxes 
 (7,547)   

 (4,341)   
Interest expense 
 1,367     Provision for income taxes 
 (2,974)   

 24  (1)  Other operating expense 
 27  (1)  Other operating expense 
 51    Total before tax 
 (15)   Provision for income taxes 
 36    

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Details about Accumulated Other 

Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components 

  Affected Line Item in the Statement 

Where Net Income (Loss) is 
Presented 

For the year ended December 31, 2021 
Amounts Reclassified from   
Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income 
(Loss) 
(In thousands) 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale 
securities: 

Cash flow hedges: 
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense) 

Amortization of defined benefit pension 
items: 
Actuarial losses benefit (expense) 
Prior service credits benefit (expense) 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 113     Net gain (loss) on sale of securities 
 (35)   Provision for income taxes 
 78    

 (10,623)  

Interest expense 
 3,327     Provision for income taxes 
 (7,296) 

 (500)(1)  Other operating expenses 
 85  (1)  Other operating expenses 

 (415)  Total before tax 
 132     Provision for income taxes 
 (283)  

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 12 (“Pension and 
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans”) for additional information. 

14. Regulatory Capital 

Under current capital regulations, the Bank is required to comply with four separate capital adequacy standards. 
As of December 31, 2023, the Bank continued to be categorized as “well-capitalized” under the prompt corrective action 
regulations and continued to exceed all regulatory capital requirements. The Bank is also required to comply with a Capital 
Conservation Buffer (“CCB”). The CCB is designed to establish a capital range above minimum capital requirements and 
impose  constraints  on  dividends,  share  buybacks  and  discretionary  bonus  payments  when  capital  levels  fall  below 
prescribed levels. The minimum CCB is 2.5%. The CCB for the Bank at December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 4.81% and 
6.37%, respectively. 

118 

 
 
 
 
    
  
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
    
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
   
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Set forth below is a summary of the Bank’s compliance with banking regulatory capital standards. 

Tier I (leverage) capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Common Equity Tier I risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Tier I risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Total risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

December 31, 2023 

December 31, 2022 

Percent of 

Percent of 

      Amount 

      Assets 

      Amount 

      Assets 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 825,104   
 435,792   
 389,312   

 825,104   
 438,878   
 386,226   

 825,104   
 540,157   
 284,947   

 864,999   
 675,196   
 189,803   

(Dollars in thousands) 

 9.47 %  $ 
 5.00  
 4.47  

 915,628   
 433,667   
 481,961   

 12.22 %  $ 

 6.50  
 5.72  

 915,628   
 431,734   
 483,894   

 12.22 %  $ 
 8.00  
 4.22  

 915,628   
 531,365   
 384,263   

 12.81 %  $ 
 10.00  
 2.81  

 954,457   
 664,206   
 290,251   

 10.56 %
 5.00  
 5.56  

 13.79 %
 6.50  
 7.29  

 13.79 %
 8.00  
 5.79  

 14.37 %
 10.00  
 4.37  

The Holding Company is subject to the same regulatory capital requirements as the Bank. As of December 31, 
2023,  the  Holding  Company  continues  to  be  categorized  as  “well-capitalized”  under  the  prompt  corrective  action 
regulations  and  continues  to  exceed  all  regulatory  capital  requirements.  The  CCB  for  the  Holding  Company  at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 4.93% and 5.25%, respectively. 

Set forth below is a summary of the Holding Company’s compliance with banking regulatory capital standards. 

Tier I (leverage) capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Common Equity Tier I risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Tier I risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

Total risk-based capital: 

Capital level 
Requirement to be well-capitalized 
Excess 

December 31, 2023 

December 31, 2022 

Percent of 

Percent of 

      Amount 

      Assets 

      Amount 

      Assets 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 737,732   
 435,748   
 301,984   

 691,754   
 438,770   
 252,984   

 737,732   
 540,024   
 197,708   

 967,627   
 675,030   
 292,597   

(Dollars in thousands) 

 8.47 %  $ 
 5.00  
 3.47  

 746,880   
 433,607   
 313,273   

 10.25 %  $ 

 6.50  
 3.75  

 698,258   
 431,635   
 266,623   

 10.93 %  $ 
 8.00  
 2.93  

 746,880   
 531,243   
 215,637   

 14.33 %  $ 
 10.00  
 4.33  

 975,709   
 664,054   
 311,655   

 8.61 %
 5.00  
 3.61  

 10.52 %
 6.50  
 4.02  

 11.25 %
 8.00  
 3.25  

 14.69 %
 10.00  
 4.69  

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15. Leases 

The Company has 31 operating leases for branches (including headquarters) and office spaces, 7 operating leases 
for vehicles, and one operating lease for equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms ranging from less than six 
months to approximately 12 years, none of which has a renewal option reasonably certain of exercise, which has been 
reflected in the Company’s calculation of lease term.  

The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption such that the Company will not recognize 
ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term of less than 12 months from the commencement date.  The Company 
has five agreements in 2023 and two agreements in 2022 that qualified as short-term leases. 

Certain  leases  have  escalation  clauses  for  operating  expenses  and  real  estate  taxes.  The  Company’s  non-

cancelable Operating lease agreements expire through 2036. 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: 

(Dollars in thousands) 

Operating lease ROU assets 

Operating lease liabilities 

  December 31, 2023   December 31, 2022 

  $ 

  $ 

 39,557   $ 

 43,289 

 40,822   $ 

 46,125 

Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases 
Weighted average discount rate-operating leases 

6.1 years    
3.2%    

6.6 years 
2.9% 

120 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
The components of lease expense and cash flow information related to leases were as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Lease Cost 

Operating lease cost 
Operating lease cost 

Short-term lease cost 
Variable lease cost 

Total lease cost 

 Line Item Presented 

  $ 

Occupancy and equipment 
Other operating expenses 
Professional services, 
Occupancy and equipment 
and Other operating expenses      
Occupancy and equipment 

Other information 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: 
Operating cash flows from operating leases   
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange 
for new operating lease liabilities 

For the year ended December 31, 
2022 

2023 

2021 

 $ 

 8,737 
 89 

 8,510 
 93 

 212 
 1,128 
 10,166 

 $ 

 193 
 999 
 9,795 

 $ 

 8,609 
 80 

 164 
 1,065 
 9,918 

 10,429 

 $ 

 9,459 

 $ 

 12,811 

 3,866 

 $ 

 1,208    $ 

 6,570 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

The Company’s minimum annual rental payments at December 31, 2023 for Bank facilities due under non-cancelable 
leases are as follows: 

Years ended December 31: 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
Thereafter 

Total minimum payments required 

Less:  implied interest  
Total lease obligations 

16. Commitments and Contingencies 

Commitments: 

Minimum Rental 
(In thousands) 

$ 

$ 

 9,065 
 9,244 
 8,363 
 4,286 
 4,035 
 10,109 
 45,102 
 (4,280)
 40,822 

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to 
meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and lines of 
credit. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and market risks in excess of the amount recognized 
in the consolidated financial statements. 

The  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of  nonperformance  by  the  counterparty  to  the  financial 

instrument for loan commitments and lines of credit is represented by the contractual amounts of these instruments. 

121 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
    
      
       
 
   
  
 
   
 
    
   
 
  
 
  
   
  
   
 
  
    
      
      
 
   
      
      
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit (principally real estate mortgage loans) and lines of credit (principally business 
lines of credit and home equity lines of credit) amounted to $47.1 million and $440.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 
2023. Included in these commitments were $8.1 million of fixed-rate commitments at a weighted average rate of 7.40% 
and $479.2 million of  adjustable-rate  commitments with  a weighted  average  rate  of  8.17%,  as  of  December 31, 2023. 
Since generally all loan commitments are expected to be drawn upon, the total loan commitments approximate future cash 
requirements, whereas the amounts of lines of credit may not be indicative of the Company’s future cash requirements. 
The loan commitments generally expire in 90 days, while construction loan lines of credit mature within eighteen months 
and  home  equity  lines  of  credit  mature  within  ten  years.  The  Company  uses  the  same  credit  policies  in  making 
commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. 

Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation 
of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and require payment of a 
fee. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Collateral held consists primarily 
of real estate. 

The Bank collateralized a portion of its deposits with letters of credit issued by FHLB-NY. At December 31, 
2023 and 2022, there were $1,118.7 million and $1,073.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding. The letters 
of credit are collateralized by mortgage loans pledged by the Bank. 

The  Company  has  purchase  obligations  running  through  2026  totaling  $12.5  million  and  $18.9  million  as  of 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which are primarily related to contracts with data processing, loan servicing 
and check processing services provided by third-party vendors. During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the 
Company purchased $6.5 million and $6.2 million, respectively, of services provided by third-party vendors.  

The  Company’s  future  non-cancelable  purchase  obligations,  which  were  not  recognized  in  our  consolidated 

balance sheet as of December 31, 2023, are as follows: 

Year ended December 31: 
2024 
2025 
2026 

Total 

$ 

$ 

(In thousands) 

 6,637 
 3,417 
 2,494 
 12,548 

The  Trusts  issued  capital  securities  with  a  par  value  of  $61.9  million  in  June and  July 2007.  The  Holding 

Company has guaranteed the payment of the Trusts’ obligations under these capital securities. 

Contingencies: 

The Company is a defendant in various lawsuits. Management of the Company, after consultation with outside 
legal counsel, believes that the resolution of these various matters will not result in any material adverse effect on the 
Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. 

17. Concentration of Credit Risk 

The Company’s lending is concentrated in the New York City metropolitan area. The Company evaluates each 
customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis under the Company’s established underwriting policies. The collateral 
obtained by the Company generally consists of first liens on one-to-four family residential, multi-family residential, and 
commercial real estate. The largest amount the Bank could lend to one borrower was approximately $123.8 million and 
$137.3 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Bank’s largest aggregate amount of outstanding loans 
to one borrower was $103.2 million, and $109.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, all of which were 
performing according to their terms. 

122 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
18. Related Party Transactions 

Certain directors, senior officers, and their related parties, including their immediate families and companies in 
which they are principal owners, were deposit customers of the Bank. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no 
outstanding loans to any related party. Deposits of related parties totaled $4.9 million and $7.7 million at December 31, 
2023 and 2022, respectively. 

19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

The Company carries certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value in accordance with GAAP which 
defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between  market  participants  at  the  measurement  date,  establishes  a  framework  for  measuring  fair  value  and  expands 
disclosures about fair value measurements. GAAP permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and 
certain other items at fair value. The Company did not purchase or sell any financial assets or liabilities under the fair 
value option during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

Management selected the fair value option for certain investment securities, and certain borrowed funds as the 
yield, at the time of election, on the financial assets was below-market, while the rate on the financial liabilities was above-
market rate. Management also considered the average duration of these instruments, which, for investment securities, was 
longer  than  the  average  for  the  portfolio  of  securities,  and,  for  borrowings,  primarily  represented  the  longer-term 
borrowings of the Company. Choosing these instruments for the fair value option adjusted the carrying value of these 
financial assets and financial liabilities to their current fair value, and more closely aligned the financial performance of 
the Company with the economic value of these financial instruments. Management believed that electing the fair value 
option for these financial assets and financial liabilities allows them to better react to changes in interest rates. At the time 
of election, Management did not elect the fair value option for investment securities and borrowings with shorter duration, 
adjustable-rates, and yields that approximated the then current market rate, as management believed that these financial 
assets and financial liabilities approximated their economic value. 

The following table presents the financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value under the fair value 
option at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the changes in fair value included in the Consolidated Statement of Income – 
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments: 

Description 
(In thousands) 
Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 
Borrowed funds 
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments (1) 

Fair Value 

Fair Value 

   Measurements at     Measurements at 
     December 31, 2023      December 31, 2022      

Changes in Fair Values For Items Measured at Fair Value 
Pursuant to Election of the Fair Value Option 
For the year ended December 31, 
2022 

2021 

2023 

$ 

$ 

 262  
 13,097  
 47,850  

  $ 

 295 
 12,728 
 50,507 

    $ 

 6  
 81  
 2,486  
 2,573  

$ 

$ 

 (27)  $ 

 (1,639) 
 7,394  
 5,728   $ 

 (5)
 36 
 (14,004)
 (13,973)

(1)  The net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments presented in the above table does not include net gains (losses) of $1.0 million from the change in 
fair value of derivative instruments during the years ended December 31, 2021. There were no gains or (losses) from changes in the fair value of 
derivative instruments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

Included in the fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities selected for the fair value option is the 
accrued  interest  receivable  or  payable  for  the  related  instrument.  The  Company  reports  as  interest  income  or  interest 
expense in the Consolidated Statement of Income, the interest receivable or payable on the financial instruments selected 
for the fair value option at their respective contractual rates. 

The borrowed funds have a contractual principal amount of $61.9 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022. The 

fair value of borrowed funds includes accrued interest payable of $0.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

123 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
  
 
    
 
       
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
The Company generally holds its earning assets, other than securities available for sale, to maturity and settles its 
liabilities at maturity. However, fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time and are based on relevant market 
information. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time 
the Company’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Accordingly, as assumptions change, such as interest rates and 
prepayments, fair value estimates change and these amounts may not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale. 

Disclosure of fair value does not require fair value information for items that do not meet the definition of a 
financial instrument or certain other financial instruments specifically excluded from its requirements. These items include 
core deposit intangibles and other customer relationships, premises and equipment, leases, income taxes and equity. 

Further, fair value disclosure does not attempt to value future income or business. These items may be material 
and accordingly, the fair value information presented does not purport to represent, nor should it be construed to represent, 
the underlying “market” or franchise value of the Company. 

Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  reported  at  fair  value  are  required  to  be  measured  based  on  either: 
(1) quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments (Level 1); (2) significant other observable inputs 
(Level 2); or (3) significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). 

A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the Company’s 

assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows: 

Level 1 – where quoted market prices are available in an active market. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, Level 

1 included one mutual fund. 

Level 2 – when quoted market prices are not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for 
similar financial instruments and adjusted for differences between the quoted instrument and the instrument being valued. 
Fair value can also be estimated by using pricing models, or discounted cash flows. Pricing models primarily use market-
based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, 
equity or debt prices and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models also incorporate maturity 
and cash flow assumptions. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, Level 2 included mortgage related securities, corporate debt, 
municipals and interest rate swaps. 

Level 3 – when there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, financial instruments 
are classified as Level 3. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, Level 3 included trust preferred securities owned and junior 
subordinated debentures issued by the Company. 

The  methods  described  above  may  produce  fair  values  that  may  not  be  indicative  of  net  realizable  value  or 
reflective of future fair values. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with 
those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies, assumptions and models to determine fair value of 
certain financial instruments could produce different estimates of fair value at the reporting date. 

124 

The following table sets forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring 
basis, including those reported at fair value under the fair value option, and the level that was used to determine their fair 
value, at December 31: 

Quoted Prices 
in Active Markets 
for Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

2023 

2022 

Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2) 

2023 

2022 

Significant Other 
Unobservable Inputs 
(Level 3) 

2023 

2022 

  Total carried at fair value 

on a recurring basis 
2022 
2023 

(In thousands) 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $  354,344   $  384,283   $ 

 —   $ 

 11,660  
 —  

 11,211  
 —  

    507,312  
 69,013  

    338,347  
 74,586  

 1,437  
 —  

 —   $   354,344   $  384,283 
    351,074 
 74,586 

    520,409  
 69,013  

 1,516  
 —  

Assets: 
Securities available for sale: 

Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 
Interest rate swaps 

Total assets 

  $ 

 11,660   $ 

 11,211   $  930,669   $  797,216   $ 

 1,437   $ 

 1,516   $   943,766   $  809,943 

Liabilities: 
Borrowings 
Interest rate swaps 

  $ 

 —   $ 
 —  

 —   $ 
 —  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 28,401  

 18,407  

 47,850   $ 
 —  

 50,507   $ 
 —  

 47,850   $ 
 28,401  

 50,507 
 18,407 

Total liabilities 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 28,401   $ 

 18,407   $ 

 47,850   $ 

 50,507   $ 

 76,251   $ 

 68,914 

The following tables set forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring 

basis, classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the periods indicated: 

Beginning balance 
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustment of financial 
assets (1) 
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustment of financial 
liabilities (1) 
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest 
Change in unrealized (gains) losses included in other 
comprehensive loss 
Ending balance 
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) held at period end   

For the year ended  

December 31, 2023 

December 31, 2022 

Trust preferred 
securities 

  Junior subordinated 
debentures 

Trust preferred 
securities 

  Junior subordinated 
debentures 

$ 

 1,516  

$ 

(In thousands) 

 50,507  

$ 

 1,695  

$ 

 56,472 

 (81) 

 —  
 2  

 —  

 (2,486) 
 68  

$ 
$ 

 —  
 1,437  
 —  

$ 
$ 

 (239) 
 47,850  
 2,425  

$ 
$ 

 (187)  

 —  
 8  

 —  
 1,516  
 —  

$ 
$ 

 — 

 (7,393)
 280 

 1,148 
 50,507 
 2,186 

(1)  Presented in the Consolidated Statement of Income under Net loss from fair value adjustments. 

125 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
    
  
    
  
    
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
The following tables present the qualitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value of financial instruments 

and the fair value measurements at the periods indicated: 

Assets: 

      Fair Value 

     Valuation Technique     

December 31, 2023 

Unobservable Input 
(Dollars in thousands) 

      Range 

    Weighted Average   

Trust preferred securities 

  $

 1,437    Discounted cash flows    Spread over 3-month SOFR  

 4.4 % 

n/a  

Liabilities: 

Junior subordinated debentures 

  $

 47,850    Discounted cash flows    Spread over 3-month SOFR  

 4.4 % 

n/a  

Assets: 

     Fair Value 

     Valuation Technique     

Unobservable Input 

     Range 

     Weighted Average   

(Dollars in thousands) 

December 31, 2022 

Trust preferred securities 

  $

 1,516    Discounted cash flows    Spread over 3-month Libor   

 3.6 % 

n/a  

Liabilities: 

Junior subordinated debentures 

  $

 50,507    Discounted cash flows    Spread over 3-month Libor   

 3.6 % 

n/a  

The  significant  unobservable  inputs  used  in  the  fair  value  measurement  of  the  Company’s  trust  preferred 
securities and junior subordinated debentures valued under Level 3 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, are the effective yields 
used  in  the  cash  flow  models.  Significant  increases  or  decreases  in  the  effective  yield  in  isolation  would  result  in  a 
significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. 

The following table sets forth the Company’s assets that are carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and the 

level that was used to determine their fair value, at December 31: 

Quoted Prices 
in Active Markets 
for Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

2023 

2022 

Significant Other 
Observable Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant Other 

  Unobservable Inputs 

(Level 3) 

  Total carried at fair value 
  on a non-recurring basis 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

2023 

2022 

(In thousands) 

Assets: 

Certain delinquent loans 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 5,279   $   18,330   $ 

 5,279   $   18,330 

Total assets 

  $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 

 5,279   $   18,330   $ 

 5,279   $   18,330 

The following tables present the qualitative information about non-recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of 

financial instruments at the periods indicated: 

     Fair Value     Valuation Technique    

At December 31, 2023 
Unobservable Input 
(Dollars in thousands) 

Range 

     Weighted Average   

Assets: 

Certain delinquent loans    $ 

 1,105    Sales approach 

Adjustment to sales comparison value 
Reduction for planned expedited disposal   

-16.9% to -6.0 %  

n/a  

Certain delinquent loans    $ 

 4,174   

Discounted Cash 
flow 

Discount Rate 

4.3% to 13.5 %  

Probability of Default 

  30.0% to 46.0 %  

-11.5% 
15.0 % 

 12.7 % 

 33.5 % 

126 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
    
     
    
   
    
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
    
     
    
    
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
    
     
    
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
  
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
 
    
 
 
  
  
 
    
   
  
   
  
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     Fair Value      Valuation Technique     

At December 31, 2022 
Unobservable Input 
(Dollars in thousands) 

Range 

     Weighted Average   

Assets: 

Certain delinquent loans     $   18,189   Sales approach 

Adjustment to sales comparison value 

-20.0% to 0.0 %  
Reduction for planned expedited disposal    10.0% to 15.0 %  

Certain delinquent loans 

flow 

   $ 

 141   Discounted Cash 

Discount Rate 

Probability of Default 

n/a  

n/a  

 -1.3% 
 13.6 % 

4.3 % 

 35.0 % 

The weighted average for unobservable inputs for collateral-dependent loans is based on the relative fair value of 

the loans. 

The Company did not have any liabilities that were carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 

2023 and 2022. 

The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 

Securities: 

The  fair  values  of  securities  are  contained  in  Note 6  (“Securities”)  of  Notes to  the  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair 
value  is  estimated  using  quoted  market  prices  for  similar  securities  and  adjusted  for  differences  between  the  quoted 
instrument  and  the  instrument  being  valued.  When  there  is  limited  activity  or  less  transparency  around  inputs  to  the 
valuation, securities are valued using discounted cash flows. 

Certain Delinquent Loans: 

For certain delinquent loans, fair value is generally estimated by discounting management’s estimate of future 
cash flows with a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with such assets or, for collateral dependent loans, 
85% of the appraised or internally estimated value of the property. 

Other Real Estate Owned and Other Repossessed Assets: 

The fair value for OREO is based on appraised value through a current appraisal, or sometimes through an internal 
review, additionally adjusted by the estimated costs to sell the property. The fair value for other repossessed assets are 
based upon the most recently reported arm’s length sales transaction. When there is no recent sale activity, the fair value 
is calculated using capitalization rates. 

Junior Subordinated Debentures: 

The  fair  value  of  the  junior  subordinated  debentures  was  developed  using  a  credit  spread  based  on  the 
subordinated debt issued by the Company adjusting for differences in the junior subordinated debt’s credit rating, liquidity 
and  time  to  maturity.  The  unrealized  net  gain/loss  attributable  to  changes  in  our  own  credit  risk  was  determined  by 
adjusting the fair value as determined in the proceeding sentence by the average rate of default on debt instruments with a 
similar  debt  rating  as  our  junior  subordinated  debentures,  with  the  difference  from  the  original  calculation  and  this 
calculation resulting in the instrument-specific unrealized gain/loss. 

127 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
 
     
 
 
  
  
 
    
   
  
   
  
    
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Swaps: 

The fair value of interest rate swaps is based upon broker quotes. 

The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of selected financial instruments based on the 

assumptions described above used by the Company in estimating fair value at the periods indicated: 

Assets: 

Cash and due from banks 
Securities held-to-maturity 

Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 

Securities available for sale 

Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 

Loans 
FHLB-NY stock 
Accrued interest receivable 
Interest rate swaps 

Liabilities: 

Deposits 
Borrowed Funds 
Accrued interest payable 
Interest rate swaps 

Assets: 

Cash and due from banks 
Securities held-to-maturity 

Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 

Securities available for sale 

Mortgage-backed securities 
Other securities 

Loans 
FHLB-NY stock 
Accrued interest receivable 
Interest rate swaps 

Liabilities: 

Deposits 
Borrowed Funds 
Accrued interest payable 
Interest rate swaps 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value 

December 31, 2023 

Level 1 
(In thousands) 

Level 2 

Level 3 

$ 

 172,157  

$ 

 172,157  

$ 

 172,157  

$ 

 —  

$ 

 — 

 7,855  
 65,068  

 7,058  
 58,697  

 354,344  
 520,409  
 6,906,950  
 31,066  
 59,018  
 69,013  

 354,344  
 520,409  
 6,512,841  
 31,066  
 59,018  
 69,013  

 —  
 —  

 —  
 11,660  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 7,058  
 —  

 354,344  
 507,312  
 —  
 31,066  
 59,018  
 69,013  

 — 
 58,697 

 — 
 1,437 
 6,512,841 
 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

 6,815,261  
 841,281  
 12,111  
 28,401  

$ 

 6,778,657  
 801,156  
 12,111  
 28,401  

$ 

 4,503,971  
 —  
 —  
 —  

$ 

 2,274,686  
 753,306  
 12,111  
 28,401  

$ 

 — 
 47,850 
 — 
 — 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value 

December 31, 2022 

Level 1 
(In thousands) 

Level 2 

Level 3 

$ 

 151,754  

$ 

 151,754  

$ 

 151,754  

$ 

 —  

$ 

 — 

 7,875  
 65,836  

 6,989  
 55,561  

 384,283  
 351,074  
 6,934,769  
 45,842  
 45,048  
 74,856  

 384,283  
 351,074  
 6,651,795  
 45,842  
 45,048  
 74,856  

 —  
 —  

 —  
 11,211  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 —  

 6,989  
 —  

 384,283  
 338,347  
 —  
 45,842  
 45,048  
 74,856  

 — 
 55,561 

 — 
 1,516 
 6,651,795 
 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

 6,485,342  
 1,052,973  
 10,034  
 18,407  

$ 

 6,453,978  
 1,027,370  
 10,034  
 18,407  

$ 

 4,959,004  
 —  
 —  
 —  

$ 

 1,494,974  
 976,863  
 10,034  
 18,407  

$ 

 — 
 50,507 
 — 
 — 

128 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
  
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
20. Derivative Financial Instruments 

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of interest rate swaps. 
The Company’s interest rate swaps are used for three purposes: 1) to mitigate the Company’s exposure to rising interest 
rates  on  certain  fixed  rate  loans  and  securities  totaling  $902.5  million  and  $273.6  million  at  December  31,  2023  and 
December 31, 2022, respectively; 2) to facilitate risk management strategies for our loan customers with $721.0 million 
of  swaps  outstanding,  which  include  $360.5  million  with  customers  and  $360.5  million  with  bank  counterparties  at 
December 31, 2023 and $221.2 million of swaps outstanding, which include $110.6 million with customers and $110.6 
million with bank counterparties at December 31, 2022; and 3) to mitigate exposure to rising interest rates on certain short-
term advances, brokered deposits and municipal deposits totaling $826.8 million and $871.5 million at December 31, 2023 
and December 31, 2022, respectively.  

At December 31, 2023, the  Company  has outstanding portfolio  layer  hedges  on  a  closed  portfolio  of  AFS 
securities  with  a  notional  amount  of  $200.0  million  and  a  closed portfolio  of  loans  with  a  notional  amount  of 
$500.0 million.   

At  December 31,  2023  and  2022,  we  held  derivatives  designated  as  cash  flow  hedges,  fair  value  hedges  and 

certain derivatives not designated as hedges. 

At December 31, 2023 and 2022, derivatives with a combined notional amount of $722.0 million and $221.2 
million,  respectively,  were  not  designated  as  hedges.  At  December 31,  2023  and  2022,  derivatives  with  a  combined 
notional amount of $902.5 million and $273.6 million were designated as fair value hedges. At December 31, 2023 and 
2022, derivatives with a combined notional amount of $825.8 million and $871.5 million, respectively, were designated 
as cash flow hedges. 

For  cash  flow  hedges,  the  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  are  reported  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified into 
earnings  in  the  same  period  during  which  the  hedged  forecasted  transaction  effects  earnings.  During  the  years  ended 
December  31,  2023  and  2022,  $25.4  million  and  $0.3  million  in  reduced  expense,  respectively  was  reclassified  from 
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense. The estimated amount to be reclassified in next 12 
months out  of accumulated  other  comprehensive  income (loss)  into  earnings  is $19.7 million.  During  the years  ended 
December 31, 2023 and 2021, the Company did not terminate any cash flow hedges. During the year ended December 31, 
2022, the Company terminated 4 cash flow hedges with a combined notional value of $170.8 million, resulting in a net 
gain of $6.0 million. This income is being amortized over the remaining original terms of the cash flow hedges resulting 
in income recognized totaling $4.7 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, 
which is recorded in deposits and other interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

Changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps not designated as hedges are reflected in “Net gain (loss) from 

fair value adjustments” in the Consolidated Statements of Income. 

129 

 
 
 
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments at the periods 

indicated: 

December 31, 2023 
Cash flow hedges: 

Assets 

Liabilities 

Notional 
Amount 

Fair Value (1) 

Notional 
Amount 

Fair Value (1) 

(In thousands) 

Interest rate swaps (borrowings and deposits) 

$ 

 555,000  

$ 

 21,973  

$ 

 270,750  

$ 

Fair value hedges: 

Interest rate swaps (loans and securities) 

 702,540  

 21,068  

 200,000  

Non hedge: 

Interest rate swaps (loans and deposits) 

Total 

December 31, 2022 
Cash flow hedges: 

Interest rate swaps (borrowings and deposits) 

Fair value hedges: 

Interest rate swaps (loans) 

Non hedge: 

Interest rate swaps (loans) 

Total 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 361,486 
 1,619,026  

$ 

 25,972 
 69,013  

$ 

 360,486 
 831,236  

$ 

 700,750  

$ 

 31,716  

$ 

 170,750  

$ 

 273,607  

 24,673  

 -  

 110,598 
 1,084,955  

$ 

 18,197 
 74,586  

$ 

 110,598 
 281,348  

$ 

 18,197 
 18,407 

 1,076 

 1,354 

 25,971 
 28,401 

 210 

 - 

(1) Derivatives in a positive position are recorded as “Other assets” and derivatives in a negative position are recorded as “Other liabilities” in the 
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 

The  following  table  presents  information  regarding  the  Company’s  fair  value  hedged  items  for  the  periods 

indicated: 

Line Item in the Consolidated Statement  
of Financial Condition in Which  
the Hedged Item Is Included 

Carrying Amount of the 
Hedged 
Assets/(Liabilities) 

Cumulative Amount 
of the Fair Hedging Adjustment 
Included in the Carrying Amount of  
the Hedged 
Assets/(Liabilities) 

(In thousands) 
Loans  

Multi-family residential 
Commercial real estate 

Total 

Portfolio Layer 

Loans held for Investment (1) 
Securities available for sale (2) 

Total 

    December 31, 2023  

  December 31, 2022  

  December 31, 2023 

  December 31, 2022

  $

  $

  $

  $

 81,471 
 110,666 
 192,137 

 2,590,087 
 283,195 
 2,873,282 

  $

  $

  $

  $

 82,613 
 167,353 
 249,966 

 — 
 — 
 — 

$

$

$

$

 (9,078)
 (8,301)
 (17,379)

 (949)
 (2,254)
 (3,203)

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 $ 

 (10,480)
 (15,442)
 (25,922)

 — 
 — 
 — 

(1) Carrying amount represents the amortized cost. At December 31, 2023, the amortized cost of the portfolio layer method closed portfolio was $2.6 
billion, of which $500 million was designated as hedged.  The cumulative amount of basis adjustments was $0.9 million. 
(2) Carrying amount represents the fair value. December 31, 2023, the fair value of the portfolio layer method closed portfolio was $283.2 million, of 
which $200 million was designated as hedged. The cumulative amount of basis adjustments was $2.3 million. 

130 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
The following table sets forth the effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income for 

the periods indicated: 

(In thousands) 
Financial Derivatives: 

Affected Line Item in the Statements  
 Where Net Income is Presented 

For the years ended  
December 31,  
      2022 

2021 

2023 

Interest rate swaps - non hedge 

  Other interest expense 

  $

 —   $

 —   $

 (305)

Interest rate swaps - non hedge 

  Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments 

 —  

 —    

 978 

Interest rate swaps - fair value hedge (loans) 

Interest and fees on loans 

 15,909  

 96    

 (3,481)

Interest rate swaps - fair value hedge (securities) 

  Interest and dividends on securities 

 2,912  

 —    

 — 

Interest rate swaps - non hedge (municipal deposit) 

  Interest expense - Deposits 

 3  

 —     

Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedge (short-term advances) 

  Other interest expense 

 5,312  

 (2,218)    

 — 
 - 
 (10,554)

Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedge (brokered deposits) 
Total net income (expense) from the effects of derivative 
instruments 

  Interest expense - Deposits 

 20,112  

 2,504    

 (139)

  $  44,248   $

 382   $  (13,501)

The Company’s interest rate swaps are subject to master netting arrangements between the Company and its three 
designated counterparties. The Company has not made a policy election to offset its derivative positions. The interest rate 
swaps with borrowers are cross collateralized with the underlying loan and, therefore, there is no posted collateral. Interest 
rate swap agreements with third-party counterparties contain provisions that require the Company to post collateral if the 
derivative exposure exceeds a threshold amount and receive collateral for agreements in a net asset position. 

The following tables present the effect of the master netting arrangements on the presentation of the derivative 

assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated: 

  Gross Amounts 
     Recognized 

  Offset in Statement of    Presented in Statement of   
     Financial Condition      

Financial Condition 

Financial 
Instruments 

Cash 

     Collateral 

      Net Amount 

Gross Amount 

Net Amount 

(In thousands) 
December 31, 2023 
Assets: 

Interest rate swaps    $ 

 69,013  

$ 

 —  

$ 

 69,013   $ 

 —   $

 (48,505)  $ 

 20,508 

Liabilities: 

Interest rate swaps   

 28,401  

 —  

 28,401  

 —  

 —  

 28,401 

December 31, 2022 
Assets: 

Interest rate swaps    $ 

 74,586  

$ 

 —  

$ 

 74,586   $ 

 —   $

 (72,185)  $ 

 2,401 

Liabilities: 

Interest rate swaps   

 18,407  

 —  

 18,407  

 —  

 —  

 18,407 

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21. New Authoritative Accounting Pronouncements 

Accounting Standards: Adopted in 2023 

In March 2022, FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled 
Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (Topic 326), which replaces the recognition and measurement guidance 
elated to TDRs for creditors that have adopted ASC Topic 326 (commonly referred to as “CECL”) with the recognition 
and measurement guidance contained in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 310-20, to determine whether a 
modification results in a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. This ASU also enhances disclosures about loan 
modifications for borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. The guidance also requires public business entities 
to present gross write-offs by year of origination in their vintage disclosures. The amendments in this ASU were applied 
on a prospective basis. The ASU was adopted on January 1, 2023 prospectively, without material impact on our business 
operations or to our consolidated financial statements. 

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-01, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging – 

Portfolio Layer Method”, which expanded the current last-of-layer method to allow multiple hedged layers of a single 
closed portfolio and allow hedge accounting to be achieved using different types of derivatives and layering techniques, 
including the use of amortizing swaps with clarification that such a trade would be viewed as being a single layer. Under 
this expanded scope, both prepayable and nonrepayable financial assets may be included in a single closed portfolio hedge. 
This update also provides clarifications to breach requirements and disclosures. As a result of these changes, the last-of-
layer method has been renamed the portfolio layer method. No cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of 
retained earnings was required upon adoption of these amendments. The Company did not have any portfolio layer or last-
of- layer hedges prior to the first quarter of 2023. The amendments related to disclosures were applied on a prospective 
basis. The ASU was adopted in the first quarter of 2023 – see Notes 3 (“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses”), 6 
(“Securities”), and 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more 
information regarding the impact to our consolidated financial statements. 

Accounting Standards: Pending Adoption 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income 
Tax Disclosures”.  This ASU requires that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in 
the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold.  The 
ASU requires all entities disclose on an annual basis (1) the amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state 
and foreign taxes and (2) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes 
paid is equal or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid.  The ASU also requires that all entities disclose (1) 
income  (loss)  from  continuing  operations  before  income  tax  expense  (or  benefit)  disaggregated  between  domestic  or 
foreign and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state and 
foreign.  This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024.  We do 
not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. 

In  November  2023,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2023-07,  “Segment  Reporting  (Topic  280):  Improvements  to 
Reportable  Segment  Disclosures”.  This  ASU  enhances  disclosures  about  significant  segment  expenses.  The  key 
amendments include: (1) require that a public entity disclose on an annual an interim basis, significant segment expenses 
that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of 
segment profit or loss, (2) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment 
items  by  reportable  segment  and  a  description  of  its  composition,  (3)  require  that  a  public  entity  provide  all  annual 
disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss currently required by GAAP in interim periods as well, (4) clarify 
that if CODM uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding 
how to allocate resources, an entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (5) require that 
a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure 
of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (6) require that a 
public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in the ASU and 
all existing segment disclosures.  This ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 
2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024.  As we have one reportable segment, the 
requirements of this standard for such entities will apply beginning with the Company's annual report ending December 
31, 2024.  We do not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. 

132 

 
 
 
 
22. Parent Company Only Financial Information 

Earnings  of  the  Bank  are  recognized  by  the  Holding  Company  using  the  equity  method  of  accounting. 
Accordingly, earnings of the Bank are recorded as increases in the Holding Company’s investment, any dividends would 
reduce the Holding Company’s investment in the Bank, and any changes in the Bank’s unrealized gain or loss on securities 
available for sale, net of taxes, would increase or decrease, respectively, the Holding Company’s investment in the Bank. 

The condensed financial statements for the Holding Company are presented below: 

Condensed Statements of Financial Condition 

Assets: 

Cash and due from banks 
Securities available for sale: 

Other securities 
Investment in Bank 
Goodwill 
Other assets 
Total assets 

Liabilities: 

Subordinated debentures 
Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value 
Other liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Stockholders' Equity: 

Common stock 
Additional paid-in capital 
Treasury stock, at average cost (5,221,813 shares and 4,611,232, respectively) 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes 

Total equity 

Total liabilities and equity 

    December 31,      December 31, 

2022 
2023 
(Dollars in thousands) 

  $ 

 103,919    $ 

 22,723 

 1,437   
 799,324   
 2,185   
 5,395   
 912,260    $ 

 1,516 
 890,828 
 2,185 
 3,681 
 920,933 

 187,630    $ 
 47,850   
 6,943   
 242,423   

 186,965 
 50,507 
 6,304 
 243,776 

  $ 

  $ 

 341   
 264,534   
 (106,070) 
 549,683   
 (38,651) 
 669,837   

 341 
 264,332 
 (98,535)
 547,507 
 (36,488)
 677,157 

  $ 

 912,260    $ 

 920,933 

Condensed Statements of Income (Loss) 

Dividends from the Bank 
Interest income 
Interest expense 
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments 
Other operating expenses 
Income (loss) before taxes and equity (deficit) in undistributed earnings of 
subsidiary 
Income tax benefit 

Income (loss) before equity (deficit) in undistributed earnings of subsidiary 

Equity (deficit) in undistributed earnings of the Bank 

Net income (loss) 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 

Comprehensive net income (loss) 

133 

      For the years ended December 31,  
2021 

2023 

2022 
(In thousands) 

  $  125,000    $ 

 767   
    (12,668) 
 2,405   
 (2,483) 

 50,000   $ 
 468  
 (7,771) 
 7,207  
 (1,645) 

 5,000 
 145 
 (6,215)
    (13,604)
 (1,844)

    113,021   
 4,816   
    117,837   
    (89,173) 
 28,664   
 (2,163) 
 26,501    $ 

 48,259  
 2,684  
 50,943  
 26,002  
 76,945  
    (29,804) 

    (16,518)
 5,403 
    (11,115)
 92,908 
 81,793 
 9,582 
 91,375 

  $ 

 47,141   $ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows 

Operating activities: 
Net income (loss) 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities: 

(Equity) deficit in undistributed earnings of the Bank 
Deferred income tax provision (benefit) 
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments 
Stock-based compensation expense 
Net change in operating assets and liabilities 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 

Investing activities: 

Investment in Bank 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 

Financing activities: 

Proceeds from long-term borrowings 
Repayment of long-term borrowings 
Purchase of treasury stock 
Cash dividends paid 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 

2023 

For the years ended December 31,  
2022 
(In thousands) 

2021 

  $ 

 28,664    $ 

 76,945    $ 

 81,793 

 89,173   
 774   
 (2,405) 
 5,604   
 (1,189) 
 120,621   

 (26,002) 
 2,111   
 (7,207) 
 6,807   
 (2,866) 
 49,788   

 (92,908)
 (3,939)
 13,604 
 6,829 
 2,927 
 8,306 

 —   
 —   

 (50,000) 
 (50,000) 

 (15,000)
 (15,000)

 —   
 —   
 (13,165) 
 (26,260) 
 (39,425) 

 63,603   
 —   
 (29,675) 
 (27,031) 
 6,897   

 122,843 
 (90,250)
 (11,370)
 (26,524)
 (5,301)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 

 81,196   
 22,723   
 103,919    $ 

 6,685   
 16,038   
 22,723    $ 

 (11,995)
 28,033 
 16,038 

  $ 

134 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
23. Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) 

Selected unaudited quarterly financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is presented 

below: 

4th 

3rd 

2023 

2nd 
(In thousands, except per share data) 

4th 

1st 

3rd 

2022 

2nd 

1st 

Quarterly operating data: 
Interest income 
Interest expense 

Net interest income 
Provision (benefit) for loan 
losses 
Other operating income (loss) 
Other operating expense 

Income before income tax 
expense 

Income tax expense 
Net income 

Basic earnings per common 
share 
Diluted earnings per common 
share 
Dividends per common share 

Average common shares 
outstanding for: 
Basic earnings per share 
Diluted earnings per share 

  $  108,763   $  104,036   $ 96,561   $  92,117   $ 89,270  
   35,069  
   54,201  

    59,609  
    44,427  

   46,855  
   45,262  

   53,183  
   43,378  

 62,678  
 46,085  

$  81,745  $  74,291  $  71,320 
    7,841 
    20,539 
   63,479 
    61,206 

 9,561 
    64,730 

 998  
 7,402  
 40,735  

 596  
 3,309  
    36,388  

    1,416  
    5,020  
   35,110  

    7,508  
    6,857  
   39,156  

 (12) 
   (7,652) 
   33,742  

 2,145 
 8,995 
    35,634 

 1,590 
 7,353 
    35,522 

    1,358 
    1,313 
   38,794 

 11,754  
 3,655  
 8,099   $ 

   12,819  
    10,752  
 2,917  
 2,570  
 7,835   $  8,686   $   4,044   $ 10,249  

    5,455  
 1,411  

   11,872  
 3,186  

  $ 

    32,422 
 8,980 

   24,640 
 6,421 
$  23,442  $  25,035  $  18,219 

    34,971 
 9,936 

  $ 

 0.27   $ 

 0.26   $

 0.29   $ 

 0.13   $

 0.34  

  $ 
  $ 

 0.27   $ 
 0.22   $ 

 0.26   $
 0.22   $

 0.29   $ 
 0.22   $ 

 0.13   $
 0.22   $

 0.34  
 0.22  

$ 

$ 
$ 

 0.76  $ 

 0.81  $ 

 0.58 

 0.76  $ 
 0.22  $ 

 0.81  $ 
 0.22  $ 

 0.58 
 0.22 

 29,650  
 29,650  

 29,703  
 29,703  

  30,090  
  30,090  

  30,265  
  30,265  

  30,420  
  30,420  

   30,695 
   30,695 

   30,937 
   30,937 

 31,254 
 31,254 

As previously disclosed on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2024, the Company’s consolidated financial statements 
and ratios for the three month period ended March 31, 2023, the three and  six month periods ended June 30, 2023 and the 
three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, were in need of restatement to correct the accounting treatment 
of employee retention credits (“ERCs”), which were incorrectly recognized as income during such periods. On February 
12, 2024 the Company filed 10-Q/A’s for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023 and September 30, 
2023, to correct the previously reported treatment of ERCs. The change impacted net income by a decrease of $1.1 million 
for the period ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $0.1 million and a decrease of $1.1 million, respectively, for the three 
and six month periods ended June 30, 2023, and a decrease of $1.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for the three 
and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023. The table above reflects the corrected financial results. 

135 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
     
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Flushing Financial Corporation 
Uniondale, New York 

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of  financial  condition  of  Flushing  Financial 
Corporation  (the  “Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  2022,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income, 
comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 
December  31,  2023,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our 
opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company 
at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period 
ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We  also  have audited,  in  accordance with  the standards  of  the Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on 
criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and our report dated March 15, 2024 expressed an adverse opinion 
thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility 
is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public 
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance 
with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and  perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of 
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.  

Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  of  the  consolidated 
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures 
included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated 
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates 
to  accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially 
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way 
our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit 
matter below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Allowance for Credit Losses 

As described in Notes 2 and 4 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company had a gross loan 
portfolio of $6.9 billion and related allowance for credit losses of $40.2 million at December 31, 2023. The allowance for 
credit  losses  consists  of  quantitative  and  qualitative  components.  The  Company  considers  historical  loss  experience, 

136 

 
 
 
current  economic  and  business  conditions,  as  well  as  reasonable  and  supportable  forecasts  to  develop  the  quantitative 
component. This quantitative component is then adjusted for qualitative risk factors. These components involve significant 
assumptions that require a high degree of management’s judgement. 

We  identified  management’s  significant  assumptions  used  to  develop  the  quantitative  component  of  the 
allowance, specifically the reasonable and supportable forecast period and the reversion to historical loss period; and the 
assumptions around the determination of the qualitative risk factors, as a critical audit matter. Auditing these assumptions 
involved especially challenging auditor judgment due to the nature and extent of audit evidence and effort required to 
address these matters, including the extent of specialized skill and knowledge needed. 

The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included: 

  Testing the design and operating effectiveness of controls relating to determination of reasonable and supportable 
forecast period, and the reversion to historical loss period, as well as assumptions around the determination of 
qualitative risk factors. 

  Testing  the  completeness  and  accuracy  of  the  data  used  in  determining  the  qualitative  risk  factors  and  the 
relevance  and  reliability  of  the  data  used  in  determining  the  reasonable  and  supportable  forecast  period  by 
comparing the data to internally developed and third-party sources, and other audit evidence gathered.  

  Assessing the reasonableness of the qualitative risk factors using corroborating and contradictory source data to 

challenge management’s qualitative risk factors. 

  Utilizing personnel with specialized knowledge and skills assisting in: (i) assessing the reasonableness of the 
established forecast and reversion period ranges, (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of economic cycle and (iii) 
assessing reasonableness of reasonable and supportable forecast period and the reversion to historical loss period 
assumptions used to develop the quantitative credit loss component. 

/S/ BDO USA, P.C. 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015. 

New York, New York 
March 15, 2024 

137 

 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Shareholders and Board of Directors 
Flushing Financial Corporation  
Uniondale, New York 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited Flushing Financial Corporation’s (the “Company’s”) internal control over financial reporting as 
of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (the  “COSO  criteria”).    In  our  opinion,  the 
Company did not maintain, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2023, based on the COSO criteria.  

We  do  not  express  an  opinion  or  any  other  form  of  assurance  on  management’s  statements  referring  to  any 

corrective actions taken by the Company after the date of management’s assessment. 

We  also  have audited,  in  accordance with  the standards  of  the Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board 
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated statements of financial condition of the Company as of December 31, 2023 
and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and 
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and our report dated 
March 15, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.  

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and 
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Item 9A, 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We  conducted  our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the 
PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  maintained  in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing 
and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a 
reasonable basis for our opinion. 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, 
such  that  there  is  a  reasonable  possibility  that  a  material  misstatement  of  the  company’s  annual  or  interim  financial 
statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. A material weakness regarding management’s failure to 
design and maintain controls over the probability assessment associated with the recognition of income related to employee 
retention credits has been identified and described in management’s assessment. This material weakness was considered 
in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2023 financial statements, and this 
report does not affect our report dated March 15, 2024 on those financial statements. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes 
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions 
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting 

138 

principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of 
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection 
of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls 
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures 
may deteriorate. 

/S/ BDO USA, P.C. 

New York, New York 
March 15, 2024 

139 

 
 
 
 
Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures. 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

The  Company  carried  out,  under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  the  Company’s  management, 
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and 
operation  of  the  Company’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Rule 13a-15(e) under  the  Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, the design and operation of these 
disclosure controls and procedures were not effective.  

As The Company previously disclosed that as of December 31, 2023, the Company’s disclosure controls and 
procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that 
it  files  or  submits  under  the  Exchange  Act  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods 
specified in applicable rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to 
allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, 
and for performing an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. 
Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  defined  in  Rule 13a-15(f) or  15d-15(f) promulgated  under  the  Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  as  a  process  designed  by,  or  under  the  supervision  of,  the  Company’s  principal  executive  and 
principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external 
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes 
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions 
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of 
management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection 
of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls 
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures 
may deteriorate. 

Management  performed  an  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  as  of  December 31,  2023  based  upon  criteria  in  Internal  Control –  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (2013  Framework)  (“COSO”).  Based  on  this 
assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of 
December 31, 2023 based on those criteria issued by COSO. 

Although  the  Company  had  engaged  an  independent  national  tax  credit  advisory  firm  that  had  advised  the 
Company that it qualified for certain Employee Retention Credits (“ERCs”) in the course of preparing its consolidated 
financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, the Company determined that it could no longer rely on 
such advice and was not able to treat the ultimate realization of the ERCs as “probable” under GAAP.  

140 

Management determined that the foregoing constituted a material weakness in the Company’s internal control 
over  financial  reporting.  Actions  taken  to  remediate  the  material  weakness  included  the  preparation  of  a  technical 
accounting memorandum for any material unusual transactions including careful evaluation of any probability assessments 
or other areas of judgment involved, such as the ERCs, to determine the correct accounting treatment for such transactions. 
Due to such actions, management has concluded that the material weakness was remediated subsequent to December 31, 
2023.  The  material  weakness  had  resulted  in  a  restatement  of  the  Company’s  previously  filed  consolidated  financial 
statements as of and for each of the quarterly periods ended March 31, June 30, and September 30, 2023.  

BDO  USA,  P.C.,  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  audited  the  Company’s 
consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued a report on the effectiveness 
of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, as stated in its report. 

Item 9B.    Other Information. 

None. 

Item 9C.    Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections. 

None. 

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

PART III 

Other  than  the  disclosures  below,  information  regarding  the  directors  and  executive  officers  of  the  Company 
appears in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 29, 2024 (“Proxy 
Statement”) under the captions “Board Nominees,” “Continuing Directors,” “Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors” 
and “Meeting and Committees of the Board of Directors – Audit Committee” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 
Information regarding Section 16(a) beneficial ownership appears in the Company’s Proxy Statement under the caption 
“Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 

Code  of  Ethics.  The  Company  has  adopted  a  Code  of  Business  Conduct  and  Ethics  that  applies  to  all  of  its 
the  Company’s  website  at: 

directors,  officers  and  employees.  This  code 
https://s28.q4cdn.com/653305835/files/doc_downloads/governance/Code_of_Business_Conduct_Ethics.pdf. 

is  publicly  available  on 

Any  substantive  amendments  to  the  code  and  any  grant  of  a  waiver  from  a  provision  of  the  code  requiring 

disclosure under applicable SEC or NASDAQ rules will be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K. 

Audit Committee Financial Expert. The Board of Directors of the Company has determined that Louis C. Grassi, 
the Chairman of the Audit Committee, is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under Item 401(h) of Regulation 
S-K, and that he is independent as defined under applicable NASDAQ listing standards. Mr. Grassi is a certified public 
accountant and a certified fraud examiner. 

Item 11.    Executive Compensation. 

Information  regarding  executive  compensation  appears  in  the  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption  “Executive 

Compensation” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 

Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners appears in the Proxy Statement under the 

caption “Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 

141 

 
Information  regarding  security  ownership  of  management  appears  in  the  Proxy  Statement  under  the  caption 

“Stock Ownership of Management” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 

Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions and directors independence appears in the 
Proxy Statement under the captions “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Related Party 
Transactions” and is incorporated herein by this reference. 

Item 14.    Principal Accounting Fees and Services. 

Information regarding fees paid to the Company’s independent auditor appears in the Proxy Statement under the 

caption “Schedule of Fees to Independent Auditors” and is hereby incorporated by this reference. 

Item 15.    Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules. 

(a)  1.    Financial Statements 

PART IV 

The following financial statements are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report and are incorporated herein by 

this reference: 

  Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31, 2023 and 2022 

  Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023 

  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income  for  each  of  the  three years  in  the  period  ended 

December 31, 2023 

  Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended 

December 31, 2023 

  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023 

  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

  Reports  of  Independent  Registered  Public  Accounting  Firm  (BDO  USA,  P.C.;  New  York,  New  York; 

PCAOB ID 243) 

2.    Financial Statement Schedules 

Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is 
shown  in  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  or  Notes thereto  included  in  Item 8  of  this  Annual  Report  and  are 
incorporated herein by this reference. 

142 

 
 
3.    Exhibits Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K 

Exhibit 
Number 

      Description 

3.1 P 

  Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

4.1 

4.2 

4.3 

with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 1, 1995, Registration No. 33-96488) 

  Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated 

by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with Form S-8 filed May 31, 2002) 

  Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated 

by reference to Exhibit 3.3 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011)  

  Amended and Restated By-Laws of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

3.6 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014) 
Indenture, dated November 22, 2021, between Flushing Financial Corporation and Wilmington Trust, 
National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with Form 8-K filed 
November 22, 2021) 

  First Supplemental Indenture, dated November 22, 2021, between Flushing Financial Corporation and 
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with 
Form 8-K filed November 22, 2021) 

  Second Supplemental Indenture, dated August 24, 2022, between Flushing Financial Corporation and 
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with 
Form 8-K filed August 24, 2022)  

4.4 

  Description of Securities (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with Form 10-K for the year 

ended December 31, 2019) 

10.1* 

10.2* 

10.3* 

  Form of Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and Certain Officers 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013) 
  Form of Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and 
Certain Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
June 30, 2013) 

  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and John R. 
Buran (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 
2013) 

10.4* 

  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and John R. Buran (Incorporated 

by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013) 

10.5* 

  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Maria A. 
Grasso (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 
2013) 

10.6* 

  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and Maria A. Grasso 

10.7* 

10.8* 

10.9* 

(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013) 
  Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Susan K. Cullen (Incorporated by 

reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016)  

  Flushing Bank Specified Officer Change in Control Severance Policy (as Amended Effective January 1, 
2016) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2015)  

  Employee Severance Compensation Plan for Vice Presidents and Assistant Vice Presidents of Flushing 
Bank (Effective as of January 1, 2016) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with Form 10-K 
for the year ended December 31, 2015) 

10.10* 

  Amended and Restated Outside Director Retirement Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10(a) 

filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006) 

10.11* 

  Amended and Restated Flushing Bank Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Incorporated by 

reference to Exhibit 10.6(d) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000) 

10.12* 

  Form of Indemnity Agreement among Flushing Bank, Flushing Financial Corporation, and each Director 
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(a) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 
1996)  

143 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.13* 

  Form of Indemnity Agreement among Flushing Bank, Flushing Financial Corporation, and Certain 
Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(b) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
September 30, 1996)  

10.14* P 

  Guarantee by Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the 

Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 1, 1995, Registration No. 33-96488) 

10.15* 

  Form of Outside Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 

filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015) 

10.16* 

  Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Grant Letter Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.24 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015) 

10.17* 

  Annual Incentive Plan for Executives and Senior Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 

filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022) 

10.18 

  Lease agreement between Flushing Bank and Rexcorp Plaza SPE LLC (Incorporated by reference to 

Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014) 

10.19* 

  Flushing Financial Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporating amendments through 

May 18, 2021) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 
30, 2021) 

10.20* 

  Form of Employee Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (pre-2023) (Incorporated by 

reference to Exhibit 10.27 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018) 

10.21* 

  Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter With One Year Vesting (Incorporated by reference 

to Exhibit 10.28 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018)   

10.22* 

  Flushing Bank Supplemental Savings Incentive Plan, Amended and Restated as of November 1, 2018 

(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018) 

10.23* 

  Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Thomas M. Buonaiuto 

(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 8-K filed October 28, 2019) 

10.24* 

  Consulting Agreement between Flushing Bank and Douglas C. Manditch (Incorporated by reference to 

Exhibit 10.2 filed with Form 8-K filed October 28, 2019) 

10.25* 

  Form of Employee Additional Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by 

reference to Exhibit 10.25 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022) 

10.26* 

  Form of Employee Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.26 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022) 

10.27* 

  Form of Employee Additional Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.27 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022) 

21.1 
23.1 
31.1 

  Subsidiaries information incorporated herein by reference to Part I – Subsidiary Activities 
  Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith) 
  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer 

(filed herewith) 

31.2 

  Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer 

(filed herewith) 

32.1 

  Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 

Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer (furnished herewith) 

32.2 

  Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 

Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer (furnished herewith) 
Flushing Financial Corporation Incentive-Based Compensation Clawback Policy (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (filed herewith) 
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (filed herewith) 

97.1 
101.INS 
101.SCH 
101.CAL   
101.DEF 
101.LAB   
101.PRE 
104 

  Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive

Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document 

Indicates compensatory plan or arrangement. 

* 
†  Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Flushing Financial hereby undertakes to 
furnish supplemental copies of any of the omitted schedules upon request by the U.S. Securities and Exchange 
Commission. 

144 

 
 
 
 
 
 
P     Indicates a filing submitted in paper. 

SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly 
caused this report, to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York, New York, on 
March 15, 2024. 

FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION 

By /S/JOHN R. BURAN 

John R. Buran 
President and CEO 

POWER OF ATTORNEY 

We, the undersigned directors and officers of Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Company”) hereby severally 
constitute and appoint John R. Buran and Susan K. Cullen as our true and lawful attorneys and agents, each acting alone 
and with full power of substitution and re-substitution, to do any and all things in our names in the capacities indicated 
below which said John R. Buran or Susan K. Cullen may deem necessary or advisable to enable the Company to comply 
with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission, in connection with this report on Form 10-K, or amendment thereto, including specifically, but not limited 
to, power and authority to sign for us in our names in the capacities indicated below the report on this report on Form 10-K, 
or amendment thereto; and we hereby approve, ratify and confirm all that said John R. Buran or Susan K. Cullen shall do 
or cause to be done by virtue thereof. 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report on Form 10-K, has been signed 

by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

     Title 

Director, President (Principal Executive 
Officer) 

Date 

March 15, 2024 

/S/JOHN R. BURAN 
John R. Buran 

/S/ALFRED A. DELLIBOVI 
Alfred A. DelliBovi 

/S/SUSAN K. CULLEN 
Susan K. Cullen 

/S/ JAMES D. BENNETT 
James D. Bennett 

/S/STEVEN J. D’IORIO 
Steven J. D’Iorio 

/S/LOUIS C. GRASSI 
Louis C. Grassi 

/S/SAM S. HAN 
Sam S. Han 

/S/JOHN J. MCCABE 
John J. McCabe 

  Director, Chairman 

March 15, 2024 

Treasurer (Principal Financial and 
Accounting Officer) 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

145 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/S/DONNA M. O’BRIEN 
Donna M. O’Brien 

/S/MICHAEL A. AZARIAN 
Michael A. Azarian 

/S/CAREN C. YOH 
Caren C. Yoh 

/S/DOUGLAS C. MANDITCH 
Douglas C. Manditch 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

  Director 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

March 15, 2024 

146 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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This page intentionally left blank

Corporate Information

Executive and Senior Management

John R. Buran
President,
Chief Executive Officer

Astrid Burrowes
Executive Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer

Theodoros Kalogiannis
Senior Vice President,
Director of Portfolio Management

Michael Bingold
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Retail & Client Development Officer

Ruth E. Filiberto
Executive Vice President,
Director of Human Resources

Allen M. Brewer
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Information Officer

Thomas M. Buonaiuto
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief of Staff & Deposit Channel Executive 

Susan K. Cullen
Senior Executive Vice President,
Treasurer & Chief Financial Officer

Maria A. Grasso
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Operating Officer &
Corporate Secretary

Francis W. Korzekwinski
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief of Real Estate Lending

Douglas J. McClintock
Senior Executive Vice President,
General Counsel

Barbara A. Beckmann
Executive Vice President,
Director of Operations

Vincent E. Giovinco
Executive Vice President,
Director of Commercial
Real Estate Lending

James P. Jacovatos
Executive Vice President,
Real Estate Credit Center Manager

Alan Jin
Executive Vice President,
Director of Residential &
Mixed-Use Lending

Theresa Kelly
Executive Vice President,
Director of Business Banking

Gary P. Liotta
Executive Vice President,
Chief Risk Officer

Rosina Manzi
Executive Vice President, 
Chief Audit Officer

Patricia Mezeul
Executive Vice President,
Director of Government Banking

Douglas Liang
Senior Vice President,
Chief Investment Officer

Yan Nuriyev
Senior Vice President,
Chief Technology Officer

Joanne Orelli
Senior Vice President,
Loan Servicing Collections & 
Foreclosure Manager

Albert H. Savastano
Senior Vice President, 
Director of Investor Relations

Patricia Tiffany
Senior Vice President,
Director of Marketing

Richard White
Senior Vice President,
Chief Information Security Officer

Ling Xu
Senior Vice President,
Director of Retail Banking

Board of Directors

Alfred A. DelliBovi
Chairman of the Board
Retired President & CEO of the 
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York

John R. Buran
President & Chief Executive Officer

Michael A. Azarian
Retired Managing Director
Citigroup

James D. Bennett
Attorney in Nassau County, New York

Shareholder Information

Annual Meeting
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders of 
Flushing Financial Corporation will be 
held at 1:00 p.m., May 29, 2024. The 
meeting will be hosted virtually at 
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/
FFIC2024.

On April 18, 2024, a Notice of Internet 
Availability was mailed or electronically 
delivered to shareholders containing 
instructions on how to access our  
proxy materials.

Steven J. D’Iorio
Executive Managing Director
Cushman & Wakefield

John J. McCabe
Retired Chief Equity Strategist
Shay Assets Management

Louis C. Grassi
Managing Partner & Chief Executive
Officer of Grassi & Co.

Donna M. O’Brien
President
Strategic Visions in Healthcare, LLC

Sam S. Han
Founder & President
The Korean Channel, Inc.

Caren C. Yoh
President, CPA
Accounting Firm

Douglas C. Manditch
Former Chairman & Chief Executive 
Officer of Empire Bancorp, Inc.

Stock Listing
NASDAQ Global Select MarketSM
Symbol: FFIC

Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare Trust Company NA
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77842-3170
800-426-5523
www.Computershare.com

Shareholder Relations
Susan K. Cullen
718-961-5400

Independent Registered 
Public Accounting Firm
BDO USA, LLP
100 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10017
212-885-8000

Legal Counsel
Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP
One Battery Park Plaza
New York, NY 10004
212-837-6000

Queens
ASTORIA
31-16 30th Avenue

BAYSIDE
61-14 Springfield Boulevard

213-03 Northern Boulevard*

ELMHURST
85-15 Queens Boulevard*

FLUSHING
147-42 Northern Boulevard*

164-20 Northern Boulevard*

44-43 Kissena Boulevard*

136-41 Roosevelt Avenue*

FOREST HILLS
107-11 Continental Avenue

JAMAICA
89-12 Sutphin Boulevard

*Asian market branch

  Brooklyn
AVENUE J
1402 Avenue J

BAY RIDGE
7102 Third Avenue

Manhattan
CHINATOWN
183 Canal Street*

PARK AVENUE
99 Park Avenue

Long Island
GARDEN CITY
1122 Franklin Avenue

HAUPPAUGE
160 Adams Avenue

BENSONHURST
8616 21st Avenue, Unit 1C*

PARK AVENUE SOUTH
225 Park Avenue South

HICKSVILLE
268 North Broadway*

BOROUGH PARK
4616 13th Avenue

MONTAGUE
186 Montague Street

WILLIAMSBURG
217 Havemeyer Street

ISLANDIA
1707 Veterans Memorial Highway

NEW HYDE PARK
697-B Hillside Avenue

PORT JEFFERSON STATION
4747 Nesconset Highway

SHIRLEY
1044 William Floyd Parkway 

UNIONDALE
260E RXR Plaza

Flushing Bank 220 RXR Plaza, Uniondale, NY 11556

718-961-5400   FlushingBank.com

© 2024 Flushing Financial Corporation. All rights reserved. BRANR0224

Annual Report Design by Curran & Connors, Inc.