Building Rewarding
Relationships
2024 Annual Report
2024 Annual Report
Building Rewarding Relationships
Flushing Financial Corporation
(Nasdaq: FFIC) is the holding company for Flushing Bank®, an FDIC insured,
New York State-chartered commercial bank that operates banking offices in
Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan, and on Long Island. The Bank has been building
relationships with families, business owners, and communities since 1929. Today,
it offers the products, services, and conveniences associated with large
commercial banks, including a full complement of deposit, loan, equipment
finance, and cash management services. Rewarding customers with personalized
attention and bankers who can communicate in the languages prevalent within
these multicultural markets is what makes the Bank uniquely different. As an
Equal Housing Lender and leader in real estate lending, the Bank’s experienced
lending teams create mortgage solutions for real estate owners and property
managers both within and outside the New York City metropolitan area. The
Bank also fosters relationships with consumers nationwide through its online
banking division with the iGObanking® and BankPurely® brands.
Financial Highlights
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
At or for the years ended
December 31,
Selected Financial Condition Data
2024
2023
Total assets
$ 9,038,972
$8,537,236
Loans, net
$ 6,705,696
$6,866,789
Securities held to maturity
$
51,485
$
72,923
Securities available for sale
$ 1,497,905
$ 874,753
Total Securities
$ 1,549,390
$ 947,676
Noninterest-bearing deposits
$
836,545
$
847,416
Other core deposits
$ 3,692,224
$ 3,656,555
Certificates of deposit
$ 2,650,164
$ 2,311,290
Total Deposits(1)
$ 7,178,933
$ 6,815,261
Stockholders’ equity
$
724,539
$ 669,837
Book value per common share
$
21.53
$
23.21
Tangible book value per common share
$
20.97
$
22.54
Selected Operating Data
Net interest income
$
182,011
$
179,152
Net (loss) income
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
Diluted (loss) earnings per common share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
Dividends paid per common share
$
0.88
$
0.88
Selected Financial Ratios and Other Data
Return on average assets
(0.35) %
0.34 %
Return on average equity
(4.67)%
4.25 %
Net interest rate spread, FTE
1.59 %
1.72 %
Net interest margin, FTE
2.15 %
2.24 %
Efficiency ratio
81.04 %
76.72 %
Equity to total assets
8.02 %
7.85 %
Nonperforming assets to total assets
0.57 %
0.54 %
Allowance for credit losses—loans to gross loans
0.60 %
0.58 %
Allowance for credit losses—loans to total nonperforming loans
120.51 %
159.55 %
Net loan charge-offs to average loans
0.11 %
0.16 %
1
(1)Includes mortgagors’ escrow deposits
In last year’s note to you, we highlighted the aggressive Fed movements that pressured our
funding cost and reduced net interest margin. We committed in our 2024 action plan to
increase net interest margin and reduce volatility as a key area of focus. We achieved that
goal in the latter half of the year as deposit cost reductions and upward repricing of assets
combined to deliver a 29-basis-point increase in net interest margin.
Throughout the year our focus on noninterest-bearing deposits along with loan and CD
repricing were among the efforts to increase the net interest margin. Asset hedging strategies
and increased funding of back-to-back swaps were instrumental in reducing volatility and
moving our balance sheet to a more interest rate neutral position. We will continue to
emphasize this strategy in 2025.
Late in 2024, we saw the opportunity to further improve our forward-looking margin. We
raised $70 million of common equity, allowing us to restructure our balance sheet. A major
component of that restructuring included selling $400 million of securities, yielding
approximately 2% and reinvesting the proceeds in securities earning 5 1/2%, which we
completed in early 2025. This has put us in a position to further improve earnings in the
coming years.
Another area of focus for the Company in 2024 was to maintain our long-standing credit
discipline. In the wake of a near collapse and required recapitalization of one of our major
competitors, credit quality concerns took center stage for investors. The value of our low-risk,
conservative approach to credit was reinforced throughout the year as net charge-offs were
reduced from the prior year.
Average deposits grew 8% year over year, thus strengthening our liquidity. Additional liquidity
of $3.6 billion of undrawn lines and resources was available to us as of the end of the year.
Uninsured and uncollateralized deposits remained low, and we continued to be well capitalized.
To Fellow Shareholders,
Total Assets
(in millions)
Deposits
(in millions)
Dividends Paid per
Common Share
(in dollars)
7,400
7,600
7,800
8,000
8,200
8,400
8,600
8,800
9,000
$9,200
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
$0.89
5,600
5,800
6,000
6,200
6,400
6,600
6,800
7,000
7,200
$7,400
’20
’21
’22
’23
’24
’20
’21
’22
’23
’24
’20
’21
’22
’23
’24
Building Rewarding Relationships
2/3
Our core business strategy has remained focused on delivering value to our stakeholders
through our key strategic initiatives:
Continue to build rewarding customer relationships.
Relationships are core to our culture, and we will continue to deepen relationships with
existing customers, establish relationships with new customers, and build relationships
with local organizations to demonstrate our commitment to the communities we serve.
Our Asian market activities within the New York metropolitan area continue to be successful.
We have expanded these activities in the South Asian markets, building rewarding
relationships with community organizations, and supporting the continued growth of our
Hicksville and New Hyde Park branches.
Our strong employee base is critical to these efforts, as we celebrate the multiculturalism of
our market by supporting many community events, such as Lunar New Year, Juneteenth, and
Diwali. Our community-minded employees regularly volunteer and support local charities with
a variety of activities.
Assess and enhance our distribution strategy.
In November, we opened our newest location in Melville to expand our Long Island presence
and provide additional support for the growing business market on Long Island. In 2025,
we plan to expand our footprint in strategically aligned markets to support our business
objectives to grow noninterest-bearing deposits and leverage the success of our Asian and
South Asian market initiatives. Two new branches in Chinatown and Jackson Heights will
expand our reach in the Asian and South Asian markets.
Rewarding Relationships
Employees
Regulators
Investors
Employees
Communities
Customers
Diversify our asset portfolio.
A key initiative for 2025 is to build our SBA program to further diversify our asset portfolio.
In 2024, we hired an SBA team who created a loan pipeline and began to book business.
We expect this business will contribute both fee and asset growth in the coming years.
There is no doubt that 2024 was a challenging year for both our Company and our industry.
Despite the challenges we ended the year positioned for a better 2025.
So, after making significant progress on our areas of focus in 2024, we are shifting our
priorities in 2025 to 1) preserving strong liquidity and capital, 2) maintaining credit discipline,
and 3) improving profitability. These key areas of focus will guide us through the near-term
challenges and will enable us to emerge as a stronger, more profitable institution.
New initiatives and incentives have been designed to increase deposits of businesses and
consumers for 2025. These initiatives, in addition to our strong management of alternative
funding sources, will combine to keep our liquidity position strong.
The Fed has not made any rate reductions in 2025 to date. The current outlook suggests that
the Fed is going to take a pause before further reducing rates, and continue to closely watch
key economic measures, specifically inflation trends. We expect to respond quickly to a
resumption of rate reduction opportunities.
Our disciplined approach to credit and our focus on strategic initiatives have enabled us to
successfully navigate the challenging times. We are optimistic that the business environment
will continue to improve and expect the lower deposit rates and higher loan repricing to have
a favorable impact on our margin. All of this should result in greater growth opportunities for
us in the coming year.
In closing, we want to express our appreciation to all our stakeholders. Our employees are our
greatest asset, and we value their dedication and commitment to our customers and the
Company. To our valued customers and shareholders, we are honored to serve you, and we
thank you for your continued trust and support.
John R. Buran
President and Chief Executive Officer
Alfred A. DelliBovi
Chairman of the Board
Building Rewarding Relationships
4/5
Building Rewarding
Relationships
Nothing is more important to us at Flushing Bank than supporting our customers
and the communities we serve and call home. Since 1929, we have made a
difference in the lives of generations of New Yorkers, helping people from every
background achieve their personal and business financial goals.
As a community bank with the products and services of a large bank, Flushing Bank
provides exceptional customer service with a highly personalized touch. Our
philosophy and approach to banking relationships are that we are “Small enough
to know you. Large enough to help you.®” Across Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan,
and Long Island, we have distinguished ourselves as a leader in serving multicultural
neighborhoods, and we proudly sponsor cultural and charitable events throughout
our markets. Going beyond what multicultural communities typically expect from
a banking partner, our branches are staffed with bankers who can communicate in
the languages and dialects prevalent within our customer base to help ensure
a first-rate experience.
We have built our business on relationships and delivering relevant value to
our customers and communities, and we are committed to building rewarding
relationships.
Flushing Bank can help you bank better, connect with
your money more easily, and achieve your financial
goals. From personal and business banking to lending
and government banking, we offer an array of financial
services and experienced professionals who are ready
to help and provide a rewarding experience. Our digital
banks, iGObanking and BankPurely, strive for the same
while serving consumers nationwide.
Building Rewarding Relationships
6/7
Asian Markets
Given our roots in the ethnically diverse
market of Flushing, we have established
a strong connection with the Asian
community. Currently, one-third of our
branches are located in predominantly
Asian markets, and our bankers, who
speak over thirty languages, can
service customers in their preferred
languages. We also participate in and
sponsor many culturally relevant events
throughout the year.
Banking—Personal
and Business
Our personal banking products make
banking easy while helping you save
time and money. We are here to help
you achieve what is important to you,
your family, and your financial future,
with a full line of personal services to
choose from supported by the latest
digital innovations. Our retail branch
network focuses on providing a
consistent and superior customer
experience and expanding relationships
with our customers.
Our business banking products are
designed to simplify banking so you
can focus on growing your business
or professional practice. We offer a
full range of financial solutions for
companies and practices, large and
small. Our business team takes the
time to understand your unique situation
and gives you options to keep your
business moving in the right direction.
We remain committed to bringing you
the tools you need to succeed.
Government Banking
Our government banking team is
composed of dedicated, experienced
professionals who focus exclusively on
serving the unique needs of public
entities, municipalities, and school and
fire districts throughout the New York
area. From deposit products to cash
management services and much more,
you will have access to a full suite of
products—including operating and
investment accounts, traditional collateral
options, letters of credit, and reciprocal
deposits with full FDIC coverage—
designed to maximize revenues.
Lending—Business
and Real Estate
Our diverse portfolio of lending options—
including government-guaranteed SBA
loan programs—can help you finance
new business opportunities and real
estate purchases. Whether you are an
entrepreneur, real estate owner, or
property manager, financing can be an
integral part of your plan for success.
We offer a host of lending solutions,
customized to your needs, with
competitive rates and terms. Our
experienced lending professionals have
a deep understanding of the New York
market and will collaborate with you to
help secure the flexible financing option
that works best for you.
Building Rewarding Relationships
Our goal is to be a reliable financial partner small
enough to place the customer at the center of
everything we do yet large enough to offer
accessibility to the latest banking conveniences.
Plus, with our innovative and simple-to-use tools,
you can seamlessly manage your business while
managing your bank accounts.
8/9
Business Online Banking
Supports your busy schedule by
providing online features that help you
keep track of your budget and manage
your money efficiently. View your
balance and transactions while going
paperless with free online eStatements
and eBills. Simplify your financial
agenda by accessing your online
Flushing Bank account anytime from
your mobile device.
Business Mobile Banking
Experience a fast, secure, and effortless
way to manage and monitor your
accounts with Flushing Bank Business
Mobile Banking. The mobile banking
app gives you access to valuable tools
and services. Take advantage of
financial flexibility that fits into your
schedule—whenever, wherever.
Remote Deposit
Allows business customers to deposit
checks into their accounts from their
offices using a scanner attached to
their computers. Save time and maintain
cash flow while enjoying the convenience
of depositing checks anytime.
Cash Management
Services
Provides Cash Manager Direct
business customers online access
to view their account balances and
transaction details and initiate
transactions. Flushing Bank Online
Escrow is a state-of-the-art digital
tool to assist in the management of
escrow and subaccount requirements.
Merchant Services
Offers business owners innovative
payment and point-of-sale solutions
to help run their businesses more
efficiently. Flushing Bank’s merchant
services can help businesses
streamline operations, increase
productivity, and expand their
customer bases.
Our digital platforms provide a superior experience,
with online and mobile solutions that offer the
latest technology and provide customers access
to their personal accounts when and where they
need it. Explore how these simple solutions can
make your life easier and help you put more time
back into your day.
Building Rewarding Relationships
Assisted Service Kiosk
Our enhanced self-service ATMs
manage almost any type of transaction,
from cashing a check to providing
cash in preferred denominations.
Enjoy the freedom to self-serve for
routine transactions.
Online Banking
Flushing Bank Online Banking
features innovative, simple-to-use
tools that give you the flexibility to
manage your account and conduct
transactions at your convenience,
24/7. Simplifying money management
and keeping track of your budget are
easy. View balances and account
history, set alerts, automate payments,
manage your accounts, and much
more from one online account.
Mobile Banking
Flushing Bank Mobile Banking is the
fast, secure, and easy way to manage
your money and monitor your
accounts on the go. Bank when you
want, wherever you are, right from
your smartphone or tablet.
Mobile Check Deposit
Enjoy the flexibility and convenience
of depositing checks into your
Flushing Bank account anywhere,
anytime, with Flushing Bank Mobile
Check Deposit. It is secure and takes
just minutes using your iPhone® or
Android™ smartphone or tablet.
Digital Wallet
Contactless payment methods
continue to gain popularity.
Digital wallets allow you to store
your payment options, such as your
Flushing Bank Debit Card, allowing
you to conveniently use your
smartphone or smartwatch to make
a purchase.
Zelle®
When timing is everything, send
money with Zelle®, a fast, safe, and
easy way to send money to family
and friends using just a U.S. mobile
number or email address. Zelle is
available in the Flushing Bank Mobile
Banking app.
Zelle® and the Zelle® related marks are wholly owned
by Early Warning Services, LLC and are used herein
under license.
10/11
Building Rewarding Relationships
Corporate Responsibility
Our Company is committed to fostering a sustainable business that
puts our values into action every day to achieve our purpose of helping
our customers succeed and our diverse multicultural communities thrive.
We strive to be an inclusive and bias-free company, in which employees
feel empowered to achieve their full potential. The Bank has health and
wellness programs and employee volunteer engagement efforts. Our
strong and diverse Board of Directors, the majority of whom are
independent, understand both the industry risks and those risks unique
to our Bank.
We believe our corporate responsibility is all about opening doors for
people in the community and building something that is better for everyone.
Our Company is committed to enhancing our efforts and evolving our
strategy to support our vision of building relationships in our communities
while delivering rewarding value.
2024 FORM 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024
Commission file number 001-33013
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
11-3209278
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
220 RXR Plaza, Uniondale, New York 11556
(Address of principal executive offices)
(718) 961-5400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of each exchange on which
registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value
FFIC
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes X No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes X No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. X Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to
Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
submit and post such files). X Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated filer X
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its
internal control over financial reporting under section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm
that prepared or issued its audit report. X Yes No
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes X No
As of June 28, 2024, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter; the aggregate market value of the
voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $358,910,000. This figure is based on the closing price on that date on the NASDAQ Global
Select Market for a share of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, which was $13.15.
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of February 28, 2025 was 33,776,688 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 28, 2025 are incorporated
herein by reference in Part III.
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I
Item 1. Business.
1
Item 1A. Risk Factors
45
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
52
Item 1C. Cybersecurity
52
Item 2. Properties
53
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
54
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
54
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities
54
Item 6. Reserved
56
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
57
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
70
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
71
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
140
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
140
Item 9B. Other Information
140
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
140
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
141
Item 11. Executive Compensation
141
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
141
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
141
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services
141
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
142
(a) 1. Financial Statements
142
(a) 2. Financial Statement Schedules
142
(a) 3. Exhibits Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K
143
SIGNATURES
POWER OF ATTORNEY
1
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) relating to plans, strategies,
economic performance and trends, projections of results of specific activities or investments and other statements that are
not descriptions of historical facts may be forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities
Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking information is inherently subject
to risks and uncertainties, and actual results could differ materially from those currently anticipated due to a number of
factors, which include, but are not limited to, factors discussed under the captions “Business — General — Allowance for
Credit Losses” and “Business — General — Market Area and Competition” in Item 1 below, “Risk Factors” in Item 1A
below, in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Overview” in
Item 7 below, and elsewhere in this Annual Report and in other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and
Exchange Commission from time to time. Forward-looking statements may be identified by terms such as “may,” “will,”
“should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “goals”, “forecasts,”
“potential” or “continue” or similar terms or the negative of these terms. Although we believe that the expectations
reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity,
performance or achievements. We have no obligation to update these forward-looking statements.
PART I
As used in this Report, the words “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are used to refer to Flushing Financial
Corporation (the “Holding Company”) and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Flushing Bank (the
“Bank”), Flushing Service Corporation, FSB Properties Inc., and Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation, which was
dissolved as of June 30, 2021.
Item 1. Business.
GENERAL
Overview
The Holding Company is a Delaware corporation organized in 1994. The Bank was organized in 1929 as a New
York State-chartered mutual savings bank. Today the Bank operates as a full-service New York State commercial bank.
Our primary business is the operation of the Bank. The Bank owned two subsidiaries during 2024: Flushing Service
Corporation and FSB Properties Inc. The Bank also operates an internet branch (the “Internet Branch”), which operates
under the brands of iGObanking.com® and BankPurely®. The activities of the Holding Company are primarily funded by
cash on hand, dividends, if any, received from the Bank, issuances of subordinated debt and junior subordinated debt, and
issuances of equity securities. The Holding Company’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market
under the symbol “FFIC.”
The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed to issue a total of
$60.0 million of capital securities and $1.9 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities). The
Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance of
these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in our
consolidated financial statements as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur.
Unless otherwise disclosed, the information presented in this Annual Report reflects the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company. Management views the Company as operating a single unit – a community bank. At
December 31, 2024, the Company had total assets of $9.0 billion, deposits of $7.2 billion and stockholders’ equity of $0.7
billion.
During December 2024, the Company issued $70.0 million (gross) of common equity in order to complete a
restructuring transaction of the balance sheet. The Company sold $444.8 million of securities yielding 1.98%, repositioned
the borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”), and moved $74.0 million of loans to held
for sale. In conjunction with these transactions, a swap related to the investment securities was terminated for a gain of
2
$3.0 million and $382.5 million of securities yielding 5.67% were purchased. The net result of these and other transactions
was a pre-tax loss of $76.0 million.
Our principal business is attracting retail deposits from the general public and investing those deposits together
with funds generated from ongoing operations and borrowings, primarily in (1) originations and purchases of multi-family
residential properties loans, commercial business loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-
to-four family loans (focusing on mixed-use properties, which are properties that contain both residential dwelling units
and commercial units); (2) construction loans; (3) equipment financing loans; (4) Small Business Administration (“SBA”)
loans; (5) mortgage loan surrogates such as mortgage-backed securities; and (6) U.S. government securities, corporate
fixed-income securities and other marketable securities. We also originate certain other consumer loans including overdraft
lines of credit. At December 31, 2024, we had gross loans outstanding of $6,737.8 million, with gross mortgage loans
totaling $5,316.2 million, or 78.9% of gross loans, and commercial business loans totaling $1,421.5 million, or 21.1% of
gross loans. Mortgage loans are primarily multi-family, commercial and one-to-four family mixed-use properties, which
represent 74.4% of gross loans. Our revenues are derived principally from interest on loans, our mortgage-backed securities
portfolio, and interest and dividends on other investments in our securities portfolio. Our primary sources of funds are
deposits, FHLB-NY borrowings, principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed, other securities and to a
lesser extent proceeds from sales of securities and loans. The Bank’s primary regulator is the New York State Department
of Financial Services (“NYDFS”), and its primary federal regulator is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(“FDIC”). Deposits are insured to the maximum allowable amount by the FDIC. Additionally, the Bank is a member of
the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system.
During 2024, loan demand was below expectations and put the earnings at risk. Management, therefore, executed
on a leverage strategy purchasing $944.8 million of securities with an average yield of 6.69%. These securities were
primarily adjustable rate securities. As loan demand returns to historic norms, these securities may be sold to fund loan
growth. The purchase of these adjustable rate securities aided in moving the Company’s interest rate position to more
neutral.
Non-performing loans totaled $33.3 million, $25.2 million, and $32.4 million at December 31, 2024, 2023, and
2022, respectively. We had net charge-offs of loans in 2024 totaling $7.7 million compared to $10.8 million and $1.5
million for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The Company recorded a provision for credit
losses on loans totaling $7.7 million, $10.5 million, and $4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and
2022, respectively. The provision recorded in 2024 was driven by increased reserves on several commercial business and
multi-family loans. The provision recorded in 2023 was driven by fully reserving for two non-accrual commercial business
loans and increasing reserves for the elevated risk presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt
coverage ratios. The provision recorded in 2022 was primarily due to loan growth, increased reserves on specific credits,
coupled with the ongoing environmental uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation including increasing interest
rates.
Market Area and Competition
We are a community oriented commercial bank offering a wide variety of financial services to meet the needs of
the communities we serve. The Bank’s main office and its executive offices are in Uniondale, New York, located in Nassau
County. At December 31, 2024, the Bank operated 28 full-service offices and the Internet Branch. We have offices located
in the New York City Boroughs of Queens, Brooklyn, and Manhattan, and in Nassau and Suffolk County, New York. The
vast majority of all our mortgage loans are secured by properties located in the New York City metropolitan area.
We face intense competition both in making loans and in attracting deposits. Our market area has a high density
of financial institutions, many of which have greater financial resources, name recognition and market presence than we
do, and all of which are competitors to varying degrees. Particularly intense competition exists for deposits, as we compete
with 107 banks and thrifts in the counties in which we have branch locations. Our market share of deposits, as of June 30,
2024, in these counties was 0.36% of the total deposits of these FDIC insured competing financial institutions, and we are
the 24th largest financial institution.1 In addition, we compete with credit unions, the stock market and mutual funds for
customers’ funds. Competition for deposits in our market and for national brokered deposits is primarily based on the
1 Per June 2024 FDIC Summary of Deposits for the New York State Counties of New York, Kings, Queens, Nassau and Suffolk
3
types of deposits offered and rate paid on the deposits. Particularly intense competition also exists in all the lending
activities we emphasize.
In addition to the financial institutions mentioned above, we compete against mortgage banks and insurance
companies located both within our market and available on the internet. Competition for loans in our market is primarily
based on the types of loans offered and the related terms for these loans, including fixed-rate versus adjustable-rate loans
and the interest rate on the loan. For adjustable-rate loans, competition is also based on the repricing period, the index to
which the rate is referenced, and the spread over the index rate. Also, competition is influenced by the ability of a financial
institution to respond to customer requests and to provide the borrower with a timely decision to approve or deny the loan
application. The internet banking arena also has many larger financial institutions which have greater financial resources,
name recognition and market presence than we do. Our future earnings prospects will be affected by our ability to compete
effectively with other financial institutions and to implement our business strategies. Our strategy for attracting deposits
includes using various marketing techniques, delivering enhanced technology and customer friendly banking services, and
focusing on the unique personal and small business banking needs of the multi-ethnic communities we serve. Our strategy
for attracting new loans is primarily dependent on providing timely response to applicants and maintaining a network of
quality brokers and other business sources. See “Risk Factors – The Markets in Which We Operate Are Highly
Competitive” included in Item 1A of this Annual Report.
For a discussion of our business strategies, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations — Overview — Management Strategy” included in Item 7 of this Annual Report.
Lending Activities
Loan Portfolio Composition. Our loan portfolio consists primarily of mortgage loans secured by multi-family
residential, commercial real estate, one-to-four family mixed-use property, one-to-four family residential property, and
commercial business loans. In addition, we also offer construction loans, SBA loans and other consumer loans. Most of
our mortgage loans are secured by properties located within our market area.
We have focused our loan origination efforts on multi-family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate
and commercial business loans with full banking relationships. All these loan types generally include prepayment penalties
that we collect if the loans pay in full prior to the contractual maturity. We expect to continue this emphasis through
marketing and by maintaining competitive interest rates and origination fees. Our marketing efforts include frequent
contact with mortgage brokers and other professionals who serve as referral sources.
Fully underwritten one-to-four family residential mortgage loans generally are considered by the banking industry
to have less risk than other types of loans. Multi-family residential, commercial real estate and one-to-four family mixed-
use property mortgage loans generally have higher yields than one-to-four family residential property mortgage loans and
shorter terms to maturity, but typically involve higher principal amounts and may expose the lender to a greater risk of
credit loss than one-to-four family residential property mortgage loans. The greater risk associated with multi-family
residential, commercial real estate and one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans could require us to increase
our provisions for credit losses and to maintain an allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans in excess of
the allowance we currently maintain. We continually review the composition of our mortgage loan portfolio to manage
the risk in the portfolio.
Our loan portfolio consists of adjustable-rate (“ARM”) and fixed-rate loans. Interest rates we charge on loans are
affected primarily by the demand for such loans, the supply of money available for lending purposes, the rate offered by
our competitors and the creditworthiness of the borrower. Many of those factors are, in turn, affected by local, regional
and national economic conditions, and the fiscal, monetary and tax policies of the federal, state and local governments.
In general, consumers show a preference for ARM loans in periods of high interest rates and for fixed-rate loans
when interest rates are low. In periods of declining interest rates, we may experience refinancing activity in ARM loans,
as borrowers show a preference to lock-in the lower rates available on fixed-rate loans. In the case of ARM loans we
originated, volume and adjustment periods are affected by the interest rates and other market factors as discussed above
as well as consumer preferences. We have not in the past, nor do we currently, originate ARM loans that provide for
negative amortization.
4
Most of our commercial business loans are generated by the Company’s business banking group which focuses
on loan and deposit relationships to businesses located within our market area. These loans are generally personally
guaranteed by the owners, and may be secured by the assets of the business, which at times may include real estate. The
interest rate on these loans are generally adjustable based on a published index. These loans, while providing us a higher
rate of return, also present a higher level of risk. The greater risk associated with commercial business loans could require
us to increase our provision for credit losses, and to maintain an allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans
in excess of the allowance we currently maintain.
At times, we may purchase whole or participations in loans from banks, mortgage bankers and other financial
institutions when the loans complement our loan portfolio strategy. Loans purchased must meet our underwriting standards
when they were originated. Our lending activities are subject to federal and state laws and regulations. See “— Regulation.”
The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio at the dates indicated:
At December 31,
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Amount
of Total
Amount
of Total
Amount
of Total
Amount
of Total
Amount
of Total
(Dollars in thousands)
Mortgage Loans:
Multi-family residential
$ 2,527,222
37.50 % $ 2,658,205
38.53 % $ 2,601,384
37.57 % $ 2,517,026
37.94 % $ 2,533,952
37.81 %
Commercial real estate (1)
1,973,124
29.28
1,958,252
28.39
1,913,040
27.62
1,775,629
26.77
1,754,754
26.18
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
511,222
7.59
530,243
7.69
554,314
8.00
571,795
8.62
602,981
9.00
One-to-four family - residential
244,282
3.63
220,213
3.19
241,246
3.48
276,571
4.17
253,262
3.78
Construction
60,399
0.90
58,673
0.85
70,951
1.02
59,761
0.90
83,322
1.24
Gross mortgage loans
5,316,249
78.90
5,425,586
78.65
5,380,935
77.69
5,200,782
78.40
5,228,271
78.01
Commercial business loans:
Small Business Administration
19,925
0.30
20,205
0.29
23,275
0.34
93,811
1.41
167,376
2.50
Taxi medallion
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
2,757
0.04
Commercial business and other
1,401,602
20.80
1,452,518
21.06
1,521,548
21.97
1,339,273
20.19
1,303,225
19.45
Gross commercial business loans
1,421,527
21.10
1,472,723
21.35
1,544,823
22.31
1,433,084
21.60
1,473,358
21.99
Gross loans
6,737,776 100.00 % 6,898,309 100.00 % 6,925,758 100.00 % 6,633,866 100.00 % 6,701,629 100.00 %
Unearned loan fees and deferred costs, net
10,097
9,590
9,011
4,239
3,045
Unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments (2)
(2,025)
(949)
—
—
—
Less: Allowance for credit losses
(40,152)
(40,161)
(40,442)
(37,135)
(45,153)
Loans, net
$ 6,705,696
$ 6,866,789
$ 6,894,327
$ 6,600,970
$ 6,659,521
(1)
Balance consists almost exclusively of investor commercial real estate (non-owner occupied). Owner-occupied commercial real estate represents less than 1.0% of the
total for each period shown.
(2)
This amount represents portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to loans hedged in a closed portfolio. Under generally accepted accounting principles in the
United States of America (“GAAP”) portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual loans, however, the amounts impact the net loan balance.
These basis adjustments would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans within the pool if the hedge was de-designated. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial
Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
In the table above, commercial business and other loans include owner-occupied commercial real estate totaling $745.1
million, $707.6 million, $732.0 million, $624.0 million and $498.2 million at December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021 and
2020, respectively.
5
The following table sets forth our loan originations (including the net effect of refinancing) and the changes in
our portfolio of loans, including purchases, sales and principal reductions for the years indicated:
For the years ended December 31,
(In thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Mortgage Loans
At beginning of period
$
5,425,586
$
5,380,935
$
5,200,782
Mortgage loans originated:
Multi-family residential
115,531
232,715
474,409
Commercial real estate
162,611
184,382
308,455
One-to-four family mixed-use property
17,061
20,097
37,598
One-to-four family residential
3,358
6,883
25,059
Construction
20,890
34,253
28,732
Total mortgage loans originated
319,451
478,330
874,253
Mortgage loans purchased:
One-to-four family residential
52,314
—
—
Construction
—
128
2,860
Total mortgage loans purchased
52,314
128
2,860
Less:
Principal reductions
388,311
424,734
665,377
Loans transferred to held for sale
73,879
—
—
Mortgage loan sales
18,148
9,042
31,355
Charge-Offs
435
31
228
Loans transferred to OREO
329
—
—
At end of period
$
5,316,249
$
5,425,586
$
5,380,935
Commercial business loans
At beginning of period
$
1,472,723
$
1,544,823
$
1,433,084
Loans originated:
Small Business Administration
7,298
2,300
3,461
Commercial business
190,788
166,391
364,177
Other
7,183
4,715
4,402
Total commercial business and other loans originated
205,269
173,406
372,040
Commercial business loans purchased:
Commercial business
121,173
166,216
272,841
Total commercial business loans purchased
121,173
166,216
272,841
Less:
Commercial business sales
—
—
300
Principal reductions
370,106
400,598
530,750
Charge-offs
7,532
11,124
2,092
At end of period
$
1,421,527
$
1,472,723
$
1,544,823
6
Loan Maturity and Repricing. The following table shows the maturity and repricing of our total loan portfolio at
December 31, 2024. Scheduled repayments are shown in the maturity category in which the payments become due.
Mortgage loans
Commercial business loans
One-to-four
family
One-to-four
Commercial
Multi-family Commercial mixed-use
family
Small Business
business
(In thousands)
residential real estate property residential Construction Administration
and other
Total loans
Amounts due within one year
$
379,879
$ 430,730
$ 52,523
$ 17,290
$
58,447 $
1,828
$
487,844 $ 1,428,541
Amounts due after one year:
One to two years
301,218
294,250
50,446
13,710
855
1,435
272,690 934,604
Two to three years
292,956
243,377
49,878
13,809
868
1,212
190,656 792,756
Three to five years
476,844
385,550
81,072
22,879
229
2,141
239,046 1,207,761
Five to fifteen years
897,017
594,105
194,514
81,259
—
8,573
208,997 1,984,465
Over fifteen years
179,308
25,112
82,789
95,335
—
4,736
2,369 389,649
Total due after one year
2,147,343
1,542,394
458,699
226,992
1,952
18,097
913,758 5,309,235
Total amounts due
$ 2,527,222
$ 1,973,124
$ 511,222
$ 244,282
$
60,399 $
19,925
$ 1,401,602 $ 6,737,776
Sensitivity of loans to changes in interest rates -
loans due after one year:
Fixed rate loans
$
272,693
$
98,210
$ 152,831
$ 16,956
$
— $
130
$
527,275 $ 1,068,095
Adjustable rate loans
1,874,650
1,444,184
305,868
210,036
1,952
17,967
386,483 4,241,140
Total loans due after one year
$ 2,147,343
$ 1,542,394
$ 458,699
$ 226,992
$
1,952 $
18,097
$
913,758 $ 5,309,235
Multi-family Residential Lending. Loans secured by multi-family residential properties were $2,527.2 million, or
37.50% of gross loans, at December 31, 2024. Our multi-family residential mortgage loans had an average principal
balance of $1.2 million at December 31, 2024, and the largest multi-family residential mortgage loan held in our portfolio
had a principal balance of $27.7 million. We offer both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate multi-family residential mortgage
loans, with maturities of up to 30 years.
In underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans, we review the expected net operating income generated
by the real estate collateral securing the loan, the age and condition of the collateral, the financial resources and income
level of the borrower and the borrower’s experience in owning or managing similar properties. We typically require debt
service coverage of at least 125% of the monthly loan payment. The weighted average debt service coverage for this
portfolio is approximately 180% based on the most recent annual loan review. We generally originate these loans up to
only 75% of the appraised value or the purchase price of the property, whichever is less. Any loan with a final loan-to-
value ratio in excess of 75% must be approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank (the “Bank Board of Directors”) or
the Loan Committee as an exception to policy. The weighted average loan to value ratio for this loan portfolio is
approximately 41.8% based on the most recent appraisal and the loan balance at December 31, 2024. We generally rely
on the income generated by the property as the primary means by which the loan is repaid. However, personal guarantees
may be obtained for additional security from these borrowers. We typically order an environmental report on our multi-
family and commercial real estate loans.
Loans secured by multi-family residential property generally involve a greater degree of risk than residential
mortgage loans and carry larger loan balances. The increased credit risk is the result of several factors, including the
concentration of principal in a smaller number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general economic conditions on
income producing properties and the increased difficulty in evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore,
the repayment of loans secured by multi-family residential property is typically dependent upon the successful operation
of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property being the entity’s only asset. If the cash
flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If the borrower defaults, our
only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value may be less than the balance due on the
related mortgage loan. Loans secured by multi-family residential property also may involve a greater degree of
environmental risk. We seek to protect against this risk through obtaining an environmental report. See “Asset Quality —
Environmental Concerns Relating to Loans.”
7
At December 31, 2024, $2,166.5 million, or 85.73%, of our multi-family mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans.
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods typically of five years and for terms of up to 30 years. Interest rates on ARM
loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the
FHLB-NY corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, due to competitive forces, we may originate ARM
loans at an initial rate lower than the fully indexed rate as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment
period. Multi-family adjustable-rate mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either
on an adjustment period or aggregate basis over the life of the loan; however, the loans generally contain interest rate
floors. We originated and purchased multi-family ARM loans totaling $106.6 million, $210.5 million, and $392.0 million
during 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
At December 31, 2024, $360.7 million, or 14.27%, of our multi-family mortgage loans consisted of fixed rate
loans. Our fixed-rate multi-family mortgage loans are generally originated for terms up to 15 years and are competitively
priced based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $8.9 million, $22.2 million, and
$82.4 million of fixed-rate multi-family mortgage loans in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The following table shows the geographic distribution of our multi-family portfolio at December 31, 2024:
Percent
Amount
of Total
(Dollars in thousands)
Brooklyn
$
724,906
28.69 %
Manhattan
545,720
21.59
Queens
438,005
17.33
Bronx
404,550
16.01
New York State (excluding NYC)
295,736
11.70
Other states
107,777
4.26
Staten Island
10,528
0.42
Total
$
2,527,222
100.00 %
Commercial Real Estate Lending. Loans secured by commercial real estate were $1,973.1 million, or 29.28% of
gross loans, at December 31, 2024. Our commercial real estate mortgage loans are secured by properties such as
hotels/motels, small business facilities, strip shopping centers, warehouses, and office buildings. At December 31, 2024,
our commercial real estate mortgage loans had an average principal balance of $2.6 million and the largest of such loans
had a principal balance of $28.9 million. Commercial real estate mortgage loans are generally originated in a range of
$100,000 to $10.0 million.
In underwriting commercial real estate mortgage loans, we employ the same underwriting standards and
procedures as are employed in underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans. The weighted average debt service
coverage for this portfolio is approximately 180% based on the most recent annual loan review. The weighted average
loan to value ratio for this portfolio is approximately 42.1% based on the most recent appraisal and the loan balance at
December 31, 2024.
Our commercial real estate loans are primarily investor properties (non-owner occupied) which are generally
considered to have higher credit risk than multi-family lending. The repayment of principal is primarily dependent on the
successful operation of the underlying tenant’s business.
At December 31, 2024, $1,776.6 million, or 90.04%, of our commercial mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans.
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods of one to five years and generally for terms of up to 15 years. Interest rates
on ARM loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread
above the FHLB-NY corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial
rate lower than the index as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment period. Commercial adjustable-
rate mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either on an adjustment period or
aggregate basis over the life of the loan; however, the loans generally contain interest rate floors. We originated and
purchased commercial ARM loans totaling $157.3 million, $172.1 million, and $273.1 million during 2024, 2023, and
2022, respectively.
8
At December 31, 2024, $196.5 million, or 9.96%, of our commercial mortgage loans consisted of fixed-rate loans.
Our fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans are generally originated for terms up to 20 years and are competitively priced
based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $5.3 million, $12.2 million, and $35.4
million of fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The following table shows the diversification of our investor property commercial real estate loans by major
industry at December 31, 2024:
Percent
Amount
of Total
(Dollars in thousands)
General Commercial
$
450,843
22.86 %
Shopping Center
318,887
16.16
Strip Mall
309,802
15.70
Commercial Mixed Use
279,854
14.18
Single Tenant Retail
157,863
8.00
Industrial
149,111
7.56
Office Multi and Single Tenant
99,729
5.05
Health Care / Medical Use
84,643
4.29
Commercial Special Use
64,286
3.26
Office Condo and Co-Op
58,106
2.94
Total (1)
$
1,973,124
100.00 %
(1)
Includes owner-occupied commercial real estate totaling $1.5 million representing 0.79% of total commercial real estate.
One-to-Four Family Mortgage Lending – Mixed-Use Properties. We offer mortgage loans secured by one-to-
four family mixed-use properties. These properties contain up to four residential dwelling units and include a commercial
component. We offer both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans with
maturities of up to 30 years and a general maximum loan amount of $1.0 million. One-to-four family mixed-use property
mortgage loans were $511.2 million, or 7.59% of gross loans, at December 31, 2024.
In underwriting one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans, we employ the same underwriting
standards as are employed in underwriting multi-family residential mortgage loans.
At December 31, 2024, $330.6 million, or 64.66%, of our one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans
consisted of ARM loans. We offer adjustable-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans with adjustment
periods typically of five years and for terms of up to 30 years. Interest rates on ARM loans currently offered by the Bank
are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the FHLB-NY corresponding
Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial rate lower than the index as a result
of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment period. One-to-four family mixed-use property adjustable-rate
mortgage loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either on an adjustment period or aggregate
basis over the life of the loan; however, the loans generally contain interest rate floors. We originated and purchased one-
to-four family mixed-use property ARM loans totaling $14.4 million, $8.7 million, and $15.7 million during 2024, 2023,
and 2022, respectively.
At December 31, 2024, $180.7 million, or 35.34%, of our one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans
consisted of fixed-rate loans. Our fixed-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage loans are originated for terms
of up to 15 years and are competitively priced based on market conditions and the Bank’s cost of funds. We originated
and purchased $2.6 million, $11.4 million, and $21.9 million of fixed-rate one-to-four family mixed-use property mortgage
loans in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
One-to-Four Family Mortgage Lending – Residential Properties. We offer mortgage loans secured by one-to-
four family residential properties, including townhouses and condominium units. For purposes of the description contained
in this section, one-to-four family residential mortgage loans, co-operative apartment loans and home equity loans are
collectively referred to herein as “residential mortgage loans.” We offer both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate residential
9
mortgage loans with maturities of up to 30 years and a general maximum loan amount of $1.0 million. Residential
mortgage loans were $244.3 million, or 3.63% of gross loans, at December 31, 2024.
We generally originate residential mortgage loans in amounts up to 80% of the appraised value or the sale price,
whichever is less. Private mortgage insurance is required whenever loan-to-value ratios exceed 80% of the appraised value
of the property securing the loan.
At December 31, 2024, $220.1 million, or 92.09%, of our residential mortgage loans consisted of ARM loans.
We offer ARM loans with adjustment periods of one, three, five, seven or ten years. Interest rates on ARM loans currently
offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the FHLB-NY
corresponding Regular Advance Rate. From time to time, we may originate ARM loans at an initial rate lower than the
index as a result of a discount on the spread for the initial adjustment period. ARM loans generally are subject to limitations
on interest rate increases of 2% per adjustment period and an aggregate adjustment of 6% over the life of the loan and have
interest rate floors. We originated and purchased residential ARM loans totaling $55.1 million, $6.5 million, and $21.7
million during 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The retention of ARM loans in our portfolio helps us reduce our exposure to interest rate risks. However, in an
environment of rapidly increasing interest rates, it is possible for the interest rate increase to exceed the maximum
aggregate adjustment on one-to-four family residential ARM loans and negatively affect the spread between our interest
income and our cost of funds.
ARM loans generally involve credit risks different from those inherent in fixed-rate loans, primarily because if
interest rates rise, the underlying payments of the borrower rise, thereby increasing the potential for default. However, this
potential risk is lessened by our policy of originating one-to-four family residential ARM loans with annual and lifetime
interest rate caps that limit the increase of a borrower’s monthly payment.
At December 31, 2024, $18.9 million, or 7.91%, of our residential mortgage loans consisted of fixed-rate loans.
Our fixed-rate residential mortgage loans typically are originated for terms of 15 and 30 years and are competitively priced
based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $0.6 million, $0.4 million, and $3.3 million
in fixed-rate residential mortgages in 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
At December 31, 2024, home equity loans totaled $16.9 million, or 0.25%, of gross loans. Home equity loans are
included in our portfolio of residential mortgage loans. These loans are offered as adjustable-rate “home equity lines of
credit” on which interest only is due for an initial term of 10 years and thereafter principal and interest payments sufficient
to liquidate the loan are required for the remaining term, not to exceed 30 years. These adjustable “home equity lines of
credit” may include a “floor” and/or a “ceiling” on the interest rate that we charge for these loans. These loans also may
be offered as fully amortizing closed-end fixed-rate loans for terms up to 15 years. The majority of home equity loans
originated are owner occupied one-to-four family residential properties and condominium units. To a lesser extent, home
equity loans are also originated on one-to-four residential properties held for investment and second homes. All home
equity loans are subject to an 80% loan-to-value ratio computed on the basis of the aggregate of the first mortgage loan
amount outstanding and the proposed home equity loan. They are generally granted in amounts from $25,000 to $300,000.
Construction Loans. At December 31, 2024, construction loans totaled $60.4 million, or 0.90%, of gross loans.
Our construction loans primarily are adjustable-rate loans to finance the construction of one-to-four family residential
properties, multi-family residential properties and owner-occupied commercial properties. We also, to a limited extent,
finance the construction of commercial properties. Our policies provide that construction loans may be made in amounts
up to 70% of the estimated value of the developed property and only if we obtain a first lien position on the underlying
real estate. Construction loans are generally made with terms of two years or less. Advances are made as construction
progresses and inspection warrants, subject to continued title searches to ensure that we maintain a first lien position. We
originated and purchased construction loans totaling $20.9 million, $34.4 million, and $31.6 million during 2024, 2023,
and 2022, respectively.
Construction loans involve a greater degree of risk than other loans because, among other things, the underwriting
of such loans is based on an estimated value of the developed property, which can be difficult to ascertain in light of
uncertainties inherent in such estimations. In addition, construction lending entails the risk that the project may not be
completed due to cost overruns or changes in market conditions.
10
Small Business Administration Lending. At December 31, 2024, SBA loans totaled $19.9 million, representing
0.30% of gross loans. These loans are extended to small businesses and are guaranteed by the SBA up to a maximum of
85% of the loan balance for loans with balances of $150,000 or less, and to a maximum of 75% of the loan balance for
loans with balances greater than $150,000. We also provide term loans and lines of credit up to $350,000 under the SBA
Express Program, on which the SBA provides a 50% guaranty. The maximum loan size under the SBA guarantee program
is $5.0 million, with a maximum loan guarantee of $3.75 million. All SBA loans are underwritten in accordance with SBA
Standard Operating Procedures which requires collateral and the personal guarantee of the owners with more than 20%
ownership from SBA borrowers. Typically, SBA loans are originated in the range of $25,000 to $2.0 million with terms
ranging from one to seven years and up to 25 years for owner occupied commercial real estate mortgages. SBA loans are
generally offered at adjustable-rates tied to the prime rate (as published in the Wall Street Journal) with adjustment periods
of one to three months. At times, we may sell the guaranteed portion of certain SBA term loans in the secondary market,
realizing a gain at the time of sale, and retaining the servicing rights on these loans, collecting a servicing fee of
approximately 1%.
We originated and purchased SBA loans totaling $7.3 million, $2.3 million and $3.5 million, during 2024, 2023,
and 2022, respectively. With the addition of an SBA team in mid-2024, we expect originations and sales of SBA loans
will be greater than historical norms.
11
Commercial Business and Other Loans. At December 31, 2024, commercial business and other loans totaled
$1,401.6 million, or 20.80%, of gross loans. We originate and purchase commercial business loans and other loans for
business, personal, or household purposes. Commercial business loans are provided to businesses in the New York City
metropolitan area with annual sales of up to $250.0 million. Our commercial business loans include lines of credit and
term loans including owner occupied mortgages. These loans are secured by business assets, including accounts
receivables, inventory, equipment and real estate and generally require personal guarantees. The Bank also enters into
participations/syndications on senior secured commercial business loans, which are serviced by other banks. Commercial
business loans are generally originated in a range of $100,000 to $10.0 million. We generally offer adjustable-rate loans
with adjustment periods of five years for owner occupied mortgages and for lines of credit the adjustment period is
generally monthly. Interest rates on adjustable-rate loans currently offered by us are adjusted at the beginning of each
adjustment period based upon a fixed spread above the FHLB-NY corresponding Regular Advance Rate for owner
occupied mortgages and a fixed spread above the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) or Prime Rate for lines of
credit. Commercial business adjustable-rate loans generally are not subject to limitations on interest rate increases either
on an adjustment period or aggregate basis over the life of the loan, however they generally are subject to interest rate
floors. Our fixed-rate commercial business loans are generally originated for terms up to 20 years and are competitively
priced based on market conditions and our cost of funds. We originated and purchased $319.1 million, $322.4 million, and
$637.0 million of commercial business loans during 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
A portion of our commercial business and other loans are commercial loans secured by owner-occupied real
estate, which totaled $745.1 million, $707.6 million and $732.0 million at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022,
respectively. These loans are secured by properties used by the borrower for commercial use where the primary source of
repayment is expected to be the income generated by the borrower’s business use of the property. The Company recognizes
in circumstances where the borrower is not performing, the real estate collateral would be the source of repayment. The
Company considers these credits to be less risky than commercial business loans, however, riskier than commercial real
estate loans.
The following table shows the diversification of our commercial business and other loan portfolio by major
industry at December 31, 2024:
Percent
Amount
of Total
(Dollars in thousands)
Automotive Businesses
$
224,352
15.68 %
Wholesalers
154,882
10.83
Construction / Contractors
132,130
9.24
Financing Companies
120,127
8.40
Professional Services
87,756
6.13
Hotels
87,650
6.13
Healthcare
84,939
5.94
Manufacturing
83,962
5.87
Restaurant
67,309
4.71
Retail
52,693
3.68
Other
305,802
23.39
Total
$
1,401,602
100.00 %
Other loans generally consist of overdraft lines of credit. Generally, unsecured consumer loans are limited to
amounts of $5,000 or less for terms of up to five years. We originated and purchased $7.2 million, $4.7 million, and $4.4
million of other loans during 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The underwriting standards employed by us for consumer
and other loans include a determination of the applicant’s payment history on other debts and assessment of the applicant’s
ability to meet payments on all of his or her obligations. In addition to the creditworthiness of the applicant, the
underwriting process also includes a comparison of the value of the collateral, if any, to the proposed loan amount.
Unsecured loans tend to have higher risk, and therefore command a higher interest rate.
12
Loan Extensions, Renewals, Modifications and Restructuring. Extensions, renewals, modifications or
restructurings of a loan, other than a loan that is experiencing financial difficulties, require the loan to be fully underwritten
in accordance with our policy. The borrower must be current to have a loan extended, renewed, or modified. Our policy
for modifying a mortgage loan due to the borrower’s request for changes in the terms will depend on the changes requested.
The borrower must be current and have a good payment history to have a loan modified. If the borrower is seeking
additional funds, the loan is fully underwritten in accordance with our policy for new loans. If the borrower is seeking a
reduction in the interest rate due to a decline in interest rates in the market, we generally limit our review as follows: (1) for
income producing properties and commercial business loans, to a review of the operating results of the property/business
and a satisfactory inspection of the property, and (2) for one-to-four residential properties, to a satisfactory inspection of
the property. Our policy on modifying a loan requires the loan to be fully underwritten in accordance with Company
policy. The borrower must demonstrate the ability to repay the loan under the new terms. While our formal lending policies
do not prohibit making additional loans to a borrower or any related interest of the borrower who is past due in principal
or interest more than 90 days, it has been our practice not to make additional loans to a borrower or a related interest of
the borrower if the borrower is past due more than 90 days as to principal or interest. During the most recent three
fiscal years, we did not make any additional loans to a borrower or any related interest of the borrower who was past due
in principal or interest more than 90 days. All extensions, renewals, restructurings, and modifications must be approved
by the appropriate Loan Committee.
The Company may modify loans to enable a borrower experiencing financial difficulties to continue making
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. When modifying a loan, an assessment of
whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of modification. This modification may include
reducing the loan interest rate, extending the loan term, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness
or any combination of these types of modifications. When such modifications are performed, a change to the allowance
for credit losses is generally not required as the methodologies used to estimate the allowance already capture the effect
of borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. On December 31, 2024, there were no commitments to lend additional
funds to borrowers who have received a loan modification as a result of financial difficulty. See Note 3 (“Loans and
Allowance for Credit Losses”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board of Directors”)
approved lending policies establishing loan approval requirements for our various types of loan products. Our Residential
Mortgage Lending Policy (which applies to all one-to-four family mortgage loans, including residential and mixed-use
property) establishes authorized levels of approval. One-to-four family mortgage loans that do not exceed $750,000 require
two signatures for approval, one of which must be from either the President, Senior Executive Vice President Chief of
Real Estate Lending, the Executive Vice President of Residential, Mixed Use & Small Multi-family Lending, or Executive
Vice President Real Estate Credit Center (collectively, “Authorized Officers”) and the other from a Senior Underwriter,
Manager, Underwriter, or Junior Underwriter in the Residential Mortgage Loan Department (collectively, “Loan
Officers”), and ratification by the Management Credit Committee. For one-to-four family mortgage loans in excess of
$750,000 and up to $2.0 million, three signatures are required for approval, at least two of which must be from Authorized
Officers, and the other one may be a Loan Officer, and ratification by the Management Credit Committee and the Director’s
Loan Committee. The Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of Directors also must approve one-to-four family
mortgage loans in excess of $2.0 million up to and including $5.0 million after obtaining two signatures from authorized
officers and one signature from loan officers with Management Credit Committee approval. One-to-four family mortgage
loans in excess of $5.0 million may require Director’s inspection.
Pursuant to our Commercial Real Estate Lending Policy, loans secured by commercial real estate and multi-
family residential properties up to $2.0 million are approved by the Executive Vice President of Commercial Real Estate
and the Senior Executive Vice President, Chief of Real Estate Lending, or Executive Vice President Credit Center Manager
and then ratified by the Management Credit Committee and/or the Director’s Loan Committee. Loans provided in excess
of $2.0 million and up to and including $5.0 million must be submitted with the two signatures of the officers to the
Management Credit Committee for final approval and then to the Director’s Loan Committee and/or Board of Directors
for ratification. Loans in excess of $5.0 million and up to and including $25.0 million must be submitted subsequently to
the Director’s Loan Committee and/or the Board of Directors for approval. Loan amounts in excess of $25.0 million must
be approved by the Board of Directors.
13
In accordance with our Business Banking Credit Policy, commercial business and other loans require two
signatures from the Business Loan Committee for approval up to $0.5 million. All commercial business loans and SBA
loans over $0.5 million and up to $2.5 million must be approved by obtaining two signatures from the Business Loan
Committee and ratified by the Management Credit Committee. Commercial business loans and SBA loans in excess of
$2.5 million up to $5.0 million must be approved by the Management Credit Committee and ratified by the Director’s
Loan Committee. Loans in excess of $5.0 million must be submitted to the Director’s Loan Committee and/ or the Board
of Directors for approval.
Our Construction Loan Policy requires construction loans up to and including $2.0 million must be approved by
the Senior Executive Vice President, Chief of Real Estate Lending and the Executive Vice President of Commercial Real
Estate, and ratified by the Management Credit Committee or the Director’s Loan Committee. Such loans in excess of $2.0
million up to and including $5.0 million require the same officer approvals, approval of the Management Credit
Committee, and ratification of the Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of Directors. Loan proposals in excess
of $5.0 million up to and including $25.0 million that are approved by Management Credit Committee will subsequently
be submitted to either the Directors Loan Committee and/or the Board of Directors for their approval. Construction loans
in excess of $25.0 million require the subsequent approval of the Bank Board of Directors. Any loan, regardless of type,
that deviates from our written credit policies must be approved by the Director’s Loan Committee or the Bank Board of
Directors.
For all loans originated by us, upon receipt of a completed loan application, a credit report is ordered, and certain
other financial information is obtained. An appraisal of the real estate intended to secure the proposed loan is required to
be received. An independent appraiser designated and approved by us currently performs such appraisals. Our staff
appraisers review all appraisals. The Bank Board of Directors annually approves the independent appraisers used by the
Bank and approves the Bank’s appraisal policy. It is our policy to require borrowers to obtain title insurance and hazard
insurance on all real estate loans prior to closing. For certain borrowers, and/or as required by law, the Bank may require
escrow funds on a monthly basis together with each payment of principal and interest to a mortgage escrow account from
which we make disbursements for items such as real estate taxes and, in some cases, hazard insurance premiums.
Loan Concentrations. The maximum amount of credit that the Bank can extend to any single borrower or related
group of borrowers generally is limited to 15% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital and surplus, or $127.1 million at
December 31, 2024. Applicable laws and regulations permit an additional amount of credit to be extended, equal to 10%
of unimpaired capital and surplus, if the loan is secured by readily marketable collateral, which generally does not include
real estate. See “-Regulation.” However, it is currently our policy not to extend such additional credit. At December 31,
2024, there were no loans in excess of the maximum dollar amount of loans to one borrower that the Bank was authorized
to make. At that date, the Bank’s three largest aggregate amount of outstanding loans to one borrower were $93.0 million,
$86.0 million, and $75.5 million for each of the three borrowers, all of which were performing according to their terms.
Loan Servicing. At December 31, 2024, we were servicing $53.3 million of loans for others. Our policy is to
retain the servicing rights to the mortgage and SBA loans that we sell in the secondary market, other than sales of
delinquent loans, which are sold with servicing released to the buyer. For mortgage loans and commercial business loan
participations purchased by us for whom the seller retains the servicing rights, we receive monthly reports with which we
monitor the loan portfolio. Based upon servicing agreements with the servicers of the loans, we rely upon the servicer to
contact delinquent borrowers, collect delinquent amounts and initiate foreclosure proceedings, when necessary, all-in
accordance with applicable laws, regulations and the terms of the servicing agreements between us and our servicing
agents. The servicers are required to submit monthly reports on their collection efforts on delinquent loans. At
December 31, 2024 and 2023, we held $266.1 million and $364.0 million, respectively, of loans that were serviced by
others.
Asset Quality
Loan Collection. When a borrower fails to make a required payment on a loan, except for serviced loans as
described above, we take a number of steps to induce the borrower to cure the delinquency and restore the loan to current
status. In the case of mortgage loans, personal contact is made with the borrower after the loan becomes 30 days delinquent.
We take a proactive approach to managing delinquent loans, including conducting site examinations, and encouraging
borrowers to meet with one of our representatives. When deemed appropriate, we develop short-term payment plans that
14
enable borrowers to bring their loans current, generally within six to nine months. We review delinquencies on a loan-by-
loan basis, diligently exploring ways to help borrowers meet their obligations and return them back to current status.
In the case of commercial business or other loans, we generally send the borrower a written notice of non-payment
when the loan is first past due. In the event payment is not then received, additional letters and phone calls generally are
made in order to encourage the borrower to meet with one of our representatives to discuss the delinquency. If the loan
still is not brought current and it becomes necessary for us to take legal action, which typically occurs after a loan is
delinquent 90 days or more, we may attempt to repossess personal or business property that secures a SBA loan,
commercial business loan or consumer loan.
When the borrower has indicated that they will be unable to bring the loan current, or due to other circumstances
which, in our opinion, indicate the borrower will be unable to bring the loan current within a reasonable time, the loan is
classified as non-performing. All loans classified as non-performing, which includes all loans past due 90 days or more,
are on non-accrual status unless there is, in our opinion, compelling evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in
the immediate future. At December 31, 2024, there were no loans that were past due 90 days or more and still accruing
interest.
Upon classifying a loan as non-performing, we review available information and conditions that relate to the
status of the loan, including the estimated value of the loan’s collateral and any legal considerations that may affect the
borrower’s ability to continue to make payments. Based upon the available information, we will consider the sale of the
loan or retention of the loan. If the loan is retained, we may continue to work with the borrower to collect the amounts due
or start foreclosure proceedings. If a foreclosure action is initiated and the loan is not brought current, paid in full, or
refinanced before the foreclosure sale, the real property securing the loan is sold at foreclosure or by us as soon thereafter
as practicable.
Once the decision to sell a loan is made, we determine what we would consider adequate consideration to be
obtained when that loan is sold, based on the facts and circumstances related to that loan. Investors and brokers are then
contacted to seek interest in purchasing the loan. We have been successful in finding buyers for our non-performing loans
offered for sale that are willing to pay what we consider to be adequate consideration. Terms of the sale include cash due
upon closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to us, servicing is released to the buyer and time is of the essence.
These sales usually close within a reasonably short time period.
This strategy of selling non-performing loans has allowed us to optimize our return by quickly converting our
non-performing loans to cash, which can then be reinvested in earning assets. This strategy also allows us to avoid lengthy
and costly legal proceedings that may occur with non-performing loans. There can be no assurances that we will continue
this strategy in the future, or if continued, we will be able to find buyers to pay adequate consideration.
The following table shows delinquent and non-performing loans sold during the periods indicated:
For the years ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Count
15
13
7
Proceeds
$ 10,439
$ 7,042
$ 6,863
Net charge-offs
—
(8)
—
Gross gains
273
108
119
Troubled Debt Restructured (Legacy GAAP). For borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties, we had
restructured certain problem loans by: reducing the interest rate until the next reset date, extending the amortization period
thereby lowering the monthly payments, deferring a portion of the interest payment, principal forgiveness and/or changing
the loan to interest only payments for a limited time period. At times, certain problem loans had been restructured by
combining more than one of these options. These restructurings have not included a reduction of principal balance. We
believe that restructuring these loans in this manner allowed certain borrowers to become and remain current on their
loans. These restructured loans are classified troubled debt restructured (“TDR”). Loans which have been current for six
consecutive months at the time they are restructured as TDR remain on accrual status. Loans which were delinquent at the
15
time they are restructured as a TDR are placed on non-accrual status until they have made timely payments for six
consecutive months.
The following table shows loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized cost that were performing
according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated at December 31:
At December 31,
(In thousands)
2022
2021
2020
Accrual Status:
Multi-family residential
$
1,673
$
1,690
$
1,700
Commercial real estate
7,572
7,572
7,702
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
974
1,375
1,459
One-to-four family - residential
253
483
507
Commercial business and other
1,069
1,340
1,588
Total
11,541
12,460
12,956
Non-Accrual Status:
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
248
261
272
Taxi Medallion
—
—
440
Commercial business and other
28
41
2,243
Total
276
302
2,955
Total performing troubled debt restructured
$
11,817
$
12,762
$
15,911
Loans that were restructured as TDR but are not performing in accordance with the restructured terms are
excluded from the TDR table above, as they are placed on non-accrual status and reported as non-performing loans. At
December 31, 2022, there were two loans totaling $3.3 million which were restructured as TDR not performing in
accordance with its restructured terms.
Delinquent Loans and Non-performing Assets. We generally discontinue accruing interest on delinquent loans
when a loan is 90 days past due. At that time, previously accrued but uncollected interest is reversed from income. Loans
in default 90 days or more as to their maturity date but not their interest payments, however, continue to accrue interest as
long as the borrower continues to timely remit interest payments.
16
The following table shows our non-performing assets at the dates indicated. During the years ended December 31,
2024, 2023, and 2022, the amounts of additional interest income that would have been recorded on non-accrual loans, had
they been current, totaled $2.9 million, $2.0 million, and $1.6 million, respectively. These amounts were not included in
our interest income for the respective periods.
At December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing:
Multi-family residential
$
—
$ 1,463
$
—
$
—
$
201
Commercial real estate
—
—
—
—
2,547
Construction
—
—
2,600
—
—
Total
—
1,463
2,600
—
2,748
Non-accrual mortgage loans:
Multi-family residential
11,031
3,206
3,206
2,431
2,524
Commercial real estate
6,283
—
237
613
1,683
One-to-four family mixed-use property (1)
116
981
790
1,309
1,366
One-to-four family residential
1,428
5,181
4,425
7,725
5,854
Total
18,858
9,368
8,658
12,078
11,427
Non-accrual commercial business loans:
Small Business Administration
2,445
2,552
937
937
1,151
Taxi medallion(1)
—
—
—
—
2,317
Commercial business and other (1)
12,015
11,789
20,187
1,918
3,430
Total
14,460
14,341
21,124
2,855
6,898
Total non-accrual loans
33,318
23,709
29,782
14,933
18,325
Total non-performing loans
33,318
25,172
32,382
14,933
21,073
Other non-performing assets:
Available for sale securities (2)
18,000
—
—
—
—
Held-to-maturity securities (2)
—
20,981
20,981
—
—
Other assets acquired through foreclosure
—
—
—
—
35
Total
18,000
20,981
20,981
—
35
Total non-performing assets
$ 51,318
$ 46,153
$ 53,363
$ 14,933
$ 21,108
Non-performing loans to gross loans
0.49 %
0.36 %
0.47 %
0.23 %
0.31 %
Non-performing assets to total assets
0.57 %
0.54 %
0.63 %
0.19 %
0.26 %
(1) Not included in the above analysis are the following non-accrual TDRs, under legacy GAAP, that are performing according to their restructured
terms: taxi medallion loans totaling $0.4 million at December 31, 2020, one-to-four family mixed-use property loans totaling $0.2 million and $0.3
million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and commercial business loans totaling less than $0.1 million at December 31, 2022, and 2021,
and $2.2 million at December 31, 2020.
(2) During the year ended December 31, 2024, one held-to-maturity municipal security with an amortized cost of $20.6 million was transferred to
available for sale. Management determined it was appropriate to transfer the security to available for sale due to a prolonged deterioration in
creditworthiness, as such the transfer did not taint the remaining held-to-maturity portfolio. The security was non-accrual at the time of transfer. The fair
value of the security at December 31, 2024 was $18.0 million. It was determined after review that the whole decline in fair value was credit-related and
as such was recorded as a provision to the allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million. The Company did not transfer any securities between
classification categories during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
17
The following table shows our delinquent loans that are less than 90 days past due and still accruing interest at
December 31:
2024
2023
30 - 59
60 - 89
30 - 59
60 - 89
days
days
days
days
(In thousands)
Multi-family residential
$ 12,596
$ 9,255
$ 2,722
$ 539
Commercial real estate
4,846
1,234
8,090
1,099
One-to-four family ― mixed-use property
870
65
1,708
124
One-to-four family ― residential
802
—
1,715
—
Commercial business and other
409
2,239
420
1,061
Total
$ 19,523
$ 12,793
$ 14,655
$ 2,823
Other Real Estate Owned. We aggressively market our Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) properties. At
December 31, 2024 and 2023, we held no OREO.
We may obtain physical possession of residential real estate collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan via
foreclosure through an in-substance repossession. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company acquired and
then subsequently sold one OREO for $0.8 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $0.2 million. The Company did not have
any OREO during 2023. Included within net loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, was a recorded investment of $2.7
million and $4.8 million, respectively, of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which
formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction.
Criticized and Classified Assets. Our policy is to review our assets, focusing primarily on the loan portfolio,
OREO, and the investment portfolio, to ensure that the credit quality is maintained at the highest levels. When weaknesses
are identified, immediate action is taken to correct the problem through direct contact with the borrower or issuer. We then
monitor these assets, and, in accordance with our policy and current regulatory guidelines, we designate them as “Special
Mention,” which is considered a “Criticized Asset,” and “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” or “Loss” which are considered
“Classified Assets,” as deemed necessary. If a loan does not fall within one of the previous mentioned categories and
management believes weakness is evident then we designate the loan as “Watch”, all other loans would be considered
“Pass”. These loan designations are updated quarterly. We designate an asset as Substandard when a well-defined
weakness is identified that jeopardizes the orderly liquidation of the debt. We designate an asset as Doubtful when it
displays the inherent weakness of a Substandard asset with the added provision that collection of the debt in full, on the
basis of existing facts, is highly improbable. We designate an asset as Loss if it is deemed the debtor is incapable of
repayment. We do not hold any loans designated as loss, as loans that are designated as Loss are charged to the Allowance
for Credit Losses. Assets that are non-accrual are designated as Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss. We designate an asset as
Special Mention if the asset does not warrant designation within one of the other categories but contains a potential
weakness that deserves closer attention. Our Criticized and Classified Assets totaled $91.9 million at December 31, 2024,
a decrease of $7.2 million from $99.1 million at December 31, 2023.
18
The following table sets forth the Bank’s Criticized and Classified assets at December 31, 2024:
(In thousands)
Special Mention Substandard Doubtful
Loss
Total
Loans:
Multi-family residential
$
12,551
$
13,161
$
—
$
—
$ 25,712
Commercial real estate
—
6,376
—
—
6,376
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
1,718
117
—
—
1,835
One-to-four family - residential
1,053
916
—
—
1,969
Construction
2,616
—
—
—
2,616
Small Business Administration
325
2,736
—
—
3,061
Commercial business and other
14,434
16,895
1,032
—
32,361
Total loans
32,697
40,201
1,032
—
73,930
Investment Securities:
Available for sale securities
—
18,000
—
—
18,000
Total investment securities
—
18,000
—
—
18,000
Total
$
32,697
$
58,201
$ 1,032
$
—
$ 91,930
The following table sets forth the Bank’s Criticized and Classified assets at December 31, 2023:
(In thousands)
Special Mention Substandard Doubtful
Loss
Total
Loans:
Multi-family residential
$
1,193
$
5,854
$
—
$
— $ 7,047
Commercial real estate
1,099
—
—
—
1,099
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
1,284
1,217
—
—
2,501
One-to-four family - residential
169
6,205
—
—
6,374
Small Business Administration
348
2,783
—
—
3,131
Commercial business and other
16,414
37,180
4,365
— 57,959
Total loans
20,507
53,239
4,365
—
78,111
Investment Securities:
Held-to-maturity securities
—
20,981
—
—
20,981
Total investment securities
—
20,981
—
—
20,981
Total
$
20,507
$
74,220
$ 4,365
$
— $ 99,092
Environmental Concerns Relating to Loans. We currently obtain environmental reports in connection with the
underwriting of commercial real estate loans, and typically obtain environmental reports in connection with the
underwriting of multi-family loans. For all other loans, we obtain environmental reports only if the nature of the current
or, to the extent known to us, prior use of the property securing the loan indicates a potential environmental risk. However,
we may not be aware of such uses or risks in any case, and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that real estate acquired
by us in foreclosure is free from environmental contamination nor that we will not have any liability with respect thereto.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the
financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial assets. Loans are
charged off against that ACL when management believes that a loan balance is uncollectable based on quarterly analysis
of credit risk.
The amount of the ACL is based upon a loss rate model that considers multiple factors which reflects
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the loan portfolio. Management estimates the allowance balance using
19
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio
mix, and internal loan processes.
The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process,
support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each period end presented in the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition.
The process for calculating the allowance for credit losses begins with our historical losses by portfolio segment.
The losses are then incorporated into reasonable and supportable forecast to develop the quantitative component of the
allowance for credit losses.
In calculating the ACL, the Company specifies both the reasonable and supportable forecast and reversion periods
in three economic conditions (expansion, transition, contraction). When calculating the ACL estimate for December 31,
2024, the reasonable and supportable forecast was for a period of two quarters and the reversion period was four quarters.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the ACL for loans totaled $40.2 million each.
Non-performing loans totaled $33.3 million and $25.2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The
Bank’s underwriting standards generally require a loan-to-value ratio of no more than 75% at the time the loan is
originated. At December 31, 2024, the outstanding principal balance of our non-performing loans was 43.1% of the
estimated current value of the supporting collateral, after considering the charge-offs that have been recorded. We incurred
total net charge-offs of $7.7 million, $10.8 million and $1.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and
2022, respectively. The Company recorded a provision for credit losses on loans totaling $7.7 million, $10.5 million and
$4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The provision recorded in 2024 was
driven by increased reserves on several commercial business and real estate multi-family loans. The provision recorded in
2023 was driven by fully reserving for two non-accrual commercial business loans and increasing reserves for the elevated
risk presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage ratios. The provision recorded in
2022 was primarily due to loan growth, increased reserves on specific credits, coupled with the ongoing economic
uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation including increasing interest rates. We believe that at December 31,
2024, the allowance was sufficient to absorb losses inherent in our loan portfolio. The allowance for credit losses
represented 0.60% and 0.58% of gross loans outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The allowance for
credit losses represented 120.5% and 159.6% of non-performing loans at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
At December 31, 2023, the Company had one held-to-maturity (“HTM”) investment security totaling $21.0
million that was modified in 2022 by granting a payment forbearance. During the year ended December 31, 2024, this
security was transferred to available for sale (“AFS”). Management determined it was appropriate to transfer the security
to available for sale due to a prolonged deterioration in creditworthiness, as such the transfer did not taint the remaining
held-to-maturity portfolio. The security was non-accrual at the time of transfer. The fair value of the security at December
31, 2024 was $18.0 million. It was determined after review that the whole decline in fair value was credit-related and as
such was recorded as a provision to the allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million. The Company did not transfer
any securities between classification categories during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
20
The following table sets forth changes in, and the balance of, our Allowance for credit losses.
For the year ended December 31,
(In thousands)
2024
2023
2022
Balance at beginning of period
$
40,161
$
40,442
$
37,135
Loans- charge-off
(7,969)
(11,157)
(3,348)
Loans- recovery
285
345
1,813
Loans- provision (benefit)
7,675
10,531
4,842
Allowance for credit losses - loans
$
40,152
$
40,161
$
40,442
Balance at beginning of period
$
1,087
$
1,100
$
862
Reversal of allowance upon transfer to
AFS
(750)
—
—
HTM securities (benefit) provision
16
(13)
238
Allowance for credit losses - HTM
securities
$
353
$
1,087
$
1,100
Balance at beginning of period
$
—
$
—
$
—
AFS securities (benefit) provision
2,627
—
—
Allowance for credit losses - AFS
securities
$
2,627
$
—
$
—
Balance at beginning of period
$
1,102
$
970
$
1,209
Off-balance sheet- (benefit) provision
(65)
132
(239)
Allowance for credit losses - off-balance
sheet
$
1,037
$
1,102
$
970
Allowance for credit losses
$
44,169
$
42,350
$
42,512
21
The following table sets forth changes in, and the balance of, our Allowance for credit losses - loans.
For the year ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
Balance at beginning of year
$ 40,161
$ 40,442
$ 37,135
$ 45,153
$ 21,751
Allowance recorded at the time of Acquisition
—
—
—
—
4,099
CECL Adoption
—
—
—
—
379
Provision (benefit) for credit losses
7,675
10,531
4,842
(4,899)
22,563
Loans charged-off:
Multi-family residential
—
—
(208)
(43)
—
Commercial real estate
(421)
(8)
—
(64)
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
—
—
—
(33)
(3)
One-to-four family - residential
(14)
(23)
(20)
—
—
Small Business Administration
(7)
(7)
(1,053)
—
(178)
Taxi medallion
—
—
—
(2,758)
(1,075)
Commercial business and other
(7,527)
(11,119)
(2,067)
(2,236)
(2,749)
Total loans charged-off
(7,969)
(11,157)
(3,348)
(5,134)
(4,005)
Recoveries:
Multi-family residential
2
2
77
10
38
Commercial real estate
—
—
—
—
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
2
1
—
133
138
One-to-four family - residential
102
52
5
157
12
Small Business Administration
108
248
47
34
70
Taxi medallion
—
—
447
1,457
—
Commercial business and other
71
42
1,237
224
108
Total recoveries
285
345
1,813
2,015
366
Net charge-offs
(7,684)
(10,812)
(1,535)
(3,119)
(3,639)
Balance at end of year
$ 40,152
$ 40,161
$ 40,442
$ 37,135
$ 45,153
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans
outstanding during the year
0.11 %
0.16 %
0.02 %
0.05 %
0.06 %
Ratio of ACL - loans to gross loans at end of year
0.60 %
0.58 %
0.58 %
0.56 %
0.67 %
Ratio of ACL - loans to non-accrual loans at end of
the year
120.51 % 169.39 % 135.79 % 248.66 % 246.40 %
Ratio of ACL - loans to non-performing loans at
end of year
120.51 % 159.55 % 124.89 % 248.66 % 214.27 %
22
The following table sets forth our allocation of the allowance for credit losses to the total amount for loans in
each of the loan categories listed at the dates indicated. The numbers contained in the “Amount” column indicate the
allowance for credit losses allocated for each loan category. The numbers contained in the column entitled “Percentage of
Loans in Category to Total Loans” indicate the total amount of loans in each loan category as a percentage of our loan
portfolio:
At December 31,
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
Percent
of Loans in
of Loans in
of Loans in
of Loans in
of Loans in
Category to
Category to
Category to
Category to
Category to
Loan Category
Amount Total loans Amount Total loans Amount Total loans Amount Total loans Amount Total loans
(Dollars in thousands)
Mortgage loans:
Multi-family residential
$ 13,145
37.50 % $ 10,373
38.53 % $
9,552
37.57 % $
8,185
37.94 % $
6,557
37.81 %
Commercial real estate
9,288
29.28
8,665
28.39
8,184
27.62
7,158
26.77
8,327
26.18
One-to-four family mixed-use
property
1,623
7.59
1,610
7.69
1,875
8.00
1,755
8.62
1,986
9.00
One-to-four family residential
759
3.63
668
3.19
901
3.48
784
4.17
869
3.78
Construction
371
0.90
158
0.85
261
1.02
186
0.90
497
1.24
Gross mortgage loans
25,186
78.90
21,474
78.65
20,773
77.69
18,068
78.40
18,236
78.01
Commercial business loans:
Small Business Administration
1,523
0.30
1,626
0.29
2,198
0.34
1,209
1.41
2,251
2.50
Taxi medallion
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.04
Commercial business and other
13,443
20.80
17,061
21.06
17,471
21.97
17,858
20.19
24,666
19.45
Gross commercial business loans
14,966
21.10
18,687
21.35
19,669
22.31
19,067
21.60
26,917
21.99
Total loans
$ 40,152
100.00 % $ 40,161
100.00 % $ 40,442
100.00 % $ 37,135
100.00 % $ 45,153
100.00 %
Investment Activities
General. Our investment policy is designed primarily to manage the interest rate sensitivity of our overall assets
and liabilities, to generate a favorable return without incurring undue interest rate and credit risk, to complement our
lending activities and to provide and maintain liquidity. In establishing our investment strategies, we consider our business
and growth strategies, the economic environment, our interest rate risk exposure, our interest rate sensitivity “gap”
position, the types of securities to be held, and other factors. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations — Overview—Management Strategy” in Item 7 of this Annual Report.
Although we have authority to invest in various types of assets, we primarily invest in mortgage-backed securities,
securities issued by mutual or bond funds that invest in government and government agency securities, municipal bonds,
corporate bonds and collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”). We did not hold any issues of foreign sovereign debt on
either December 31, 2024, and 2023.
Our ALCO Investment Committee meets quarterly to monitor investment transactions and to establish investment
strategy. The Board of Directors reviews the investment policy on an annual basis and investment activity monthly.
23
Investment securities are classified as available for sale when management intends to hold the securities for an
indefinite period, or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes and may be sold from time to
time to effectively manage interest rate exposure and resultant prepayment risk and liquidity needs. Securities are classified
as held-to-maturity when management intends to hold the securities until maturity. We carry some of our investments
under the fair value option totaling $13.6 million and $13.4 million at December 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
Unrealized gains and losses for investments carried under the fair value option are included in our Consolidated Statements
of Operations. Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, are excluded from earnings and included in
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes. Securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized
cost basis. As of December 31, 2024, we had $1,497.9 million of available for sale securities and $51.5 million in held-to-
maturity securities, together they represented 17.15% of total assets. Total securities had an aggregate market value that
approximated 2.1 times the amount of our equity as of December 31, 2024.
The Company had an allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities totaling $0.4 million and $1.1 million at
December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses for held-to-maturity debt
securities is based on historical information, current conditions and a reasonable and supportable forecast. At December
31, 2024, and 2023 the Company’s portfolio was made up of three securities: the first two were structured similar to a
commercial owner occupied loan, and modeled for credit losses similar to commercial business loans secured by real
estate, and the third was issued and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, which is a government sponsored enterprise that has a
credit rating and perceived credit risk comparable to the U.S. government. Accordingly, the Company assumes a zero loss
expectation from the Fannie Mae security. At December 31, 2023 there was one additional held-to-maturity security that
was under forbearance and was individually evaluated for an allowance for credit losses. This security was transferred to
available for sale during the year ended December 31, 2024. Management determined it was appropriate to transfer the
security to available for sale due to a prolonged deterioration in creditworthiness, as such the transfer did not taint the
remaining held-to-maturity portfolio. The security was non-accrual at the time of transfer. The fair value of the security at
December 31, 2024 was $18.0 million. It was determined after review that the whole decline in fair value was credit-
related and as such was recorded as a provision to the allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million. The company did
not transfer any securities between classification categories during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
24
The table below sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost and market values of our securities
portfolio, interest-earning deposits and federal funds sold at the dates indicated.
At December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Amortized
Fair
Amortized
Fair
Amortized
Fair
Cost
Value
Cost
Value
Cost
Value
(In thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity
Bonds and other debt
securities:
Municipal securities (1)
$
44,002
$
37,815
$
66,155
$
58,697
$
66,936
$ 55,561
Total bonds and other debt
securities
44,002
37,815
66,155
58,697
66,936
55,561
Mortgage-backed securities:
FNMA
7,836
6,903
7,855
7,058
7,875
6,989
Total mortgage-backed
securities
7,836
6,903
7,855
7,058
7,875
6,989
Total securities held-to-
maturity (1)
51,838
44,718
74,010
65,755
74,811
62,550
Securities available for sale
Bonds and other debt
securities:
U.S. government agencies
8,804
8,848
82,548
81,734
83,720
81,103
Municipals (2)
20,627
18,000
—
—
—
—
Corporate debentures
130,882
125,249
173,184
155,449
146,430
131,766
Collateralized loan
obligations
420,260
420,817
269,600
270,129
129,684
125,478
Total bonds and other debt
securities
580,573
572,914
525,332
507,312
359,834
338,347
Mutual funds
11,890
11,890
11,660
11,660
11,211
11,211
Equity securities:
Common stock
1,465
1,465
1,437
1,437
1,516
1,516
Total equity securities
1,465
1,465
1,437
1,437
1,516
1,516
Mortgage-backed securities:
REMIC and CMO
707,540
707,580
160,165
133,574
175,712
148,414
GNMA
30,099
29,945
12,402
10,665
9,193
7,317
FNMA
99,183
98,146
155,995
135,074
172,690
148,265
FHLMC
76,048
75,965
89,427
75,031
96,725
80,287
Total mortgage-backed
securities
912,870
911,636
417,989
354,344
454,320
384,283
Total securities available for
sale (3)
1,506,798
1,497,905
956,418
874,753
826,881
735,357
Interest-earning deposits and
Federal funds sold
125,157
125,157
145,322
145,322
121,893
121,893
Total
$ 1,683,793
$ 1,667,780
$ 1,175,750
$ 1,085,830
$ 1,023,585
$ 919,800
25
(1)
Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $1.1 million each for the years ended
December 31, 2023, and 2022.
(2)
Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.
(3)
Does not include the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to available for sale securities hedged in a closed
pool at December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Mortgage-backed securities. At December 31, 2024, we had available for sale and held-to-maturity mortgage-
backed securities with a market value totaling $918.5 million, of which $640.3 million was invested in adjustable-rate
mortgage-backed securities. The mortgage loans underlying these adjustable-rate securities generally are subject to
limitations on annual and lifetime interest rate increases. We anticipate that investments in mortgage-backed securities
may continue to be used in the future to supplement mortgage-lending activities. Mortgage-backed securities are more
liquid than individual mortgage loans and may be used more easily to collateralize our obligations, including collateralizing
of the governmental deposits of the Bank.
The following table sets forth our available for sale mortgage-backed securities purchases, sales and principal
repayments for the years indicated:
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of year
$ 354,344
$ 384,283
$ 572,184
Purchases of mortgage-backed securities
1,009,611
5,431
56,557
Amortization of unearned premium, net of accretion of unearned discount
(890)
(975)
(2,007)
Net change in unrealized (losses) gains on mortgage-backed securities
available for sale
62,411
6,392
(64,164)
Net realized (losses) gains recorded on mortgage-backed securities carried at
fair value
6
6
(24)
Sales and maturities of mortgage-backed securities
(386,382)
-
(84,224)
Principal repayments received on mortgage-backed securities
(127,464)
(40,793)
(94,039)
Net (decrease) increase in mortgage-backed securities
557,292
(29,939)
(187,901)
Balance at end of year
$ 911,636
$ 354,344
$ 384,283
While mortgage-backed securities carry a reduced credit risk as compared to whole loans, such securities remain
subject to the risk that a fluctuating interest rate environment, along with other factors such as the geographic distribution
of the underlying mortgage loans, may alter the prepayment rate of such mortgage loans and so affect both the prepayment
speed and value of such securities.
26
The table below sets forth certain information regarding the amortized cost, fair value, annualized weighted
average yields and maturities of our investment in debt and equity securities and interest-earning deposits at December 31,
2024. The stratification of balances is based on stated maturities. Assumptions for repayments and prepayments are not
reflected for mortgage-backed securities. Securities available for sale are carried at their fair value in the consolidated
financial statements and securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized cost.
One year or Less
One to Five Years
Five to Ten Years
More than Ten Years
Total Securities
Average
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Remaining
Weighted
Amortized
Average
Amortized
Average
Amortized
Average
Amortized
Average
Years to
Amortized
Fair
Average
Cost
Yield
Cost
Yield
Cost
Yield
Cost
Yield
Maturity
Cost
Value
Yield
(Dollars in thousands)
Securities held-to-maturity
Bonds and other debt
securities:
Municipal securities (1)
$
—
— % $
—
— % $
—
— % $
44,002
3.27 %
23.06
$
44,002
$
37,815
3.27 %
Total bonds and other
debt securities
—
—
—
—
—
—
44,002
3.27
23.06
44,002
37,815
3.27
Mortgage-backed securities:
FNMA
—
—
—
—
7,836
3.33
—
—
8.34
7,836
6,903
3.33
Total mortgage-backed
securities
—
—
—
—
7,836
3.33
—
—
8.34
7,836
6,903
3.33
Securities available for sale
Bonds and other debt
securities:
US govt. and agencies
—
—
—
—
1,898
6.89
6,906
6.61
18.63
8,804
8,848
6.67
Municipals (2)
—
—
—
—
—
—
20,627
—
18.26
20,627
18,000
—
Corporate debentures
—
—
55,195
4.78
75,687
5.99
—
—
5.77
130,882
125,249
5.48
CLO
—
—
1,870
6.00
121,004
6.29
297,386
6.29
10.42
420,260
420,817
6.29
Total bonds and other
debt securities
—
—
57,065
4.82
198,589
6.18
324,919
5.90
9.77
580,573
572,914
5.89
Mutual funds
11,890
2.91
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
11,890
11,890
2.91
Equity securities:
Common stock
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,465
7.82
—
1,465
1,465
7.82
Total equity securities
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,465
7.82
—
1,465
1,465
7.82
Mortgage-backed securities:
REMIC and CMO
—
—
—
—
—
—
707,540
5.81
29.10
707,540
707,580
5.81
GNMA
—
—
—
—
—
—
30,099
5.72
29.54
30,099
29,945
5.72
FNMA
—
—
—
—
59,319
4.48
39,864
5.67
13.15
99,183
98,146
4.95
FHLMC
—
—
—
—
—
—
76,048
5.83
26.90
76,048
75,965
5.72
Total mortgage-backed
securities
—
—
—
—
59,319
4.48
853,551
5.80
27.20
912,870
911,636
5.71
Interest-earning deposits
125,157
4.03
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
125,157
125,157
4.03
Total
$ 137,047
3.93 % $ 57,065
4.82 % $ 265,744
5.72 % $ 1,223,937
5.74 %
20.26
$ 1,683,793
$ 1,667,780
5.56 %
(1)
Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $0.4 million.
(2)
Does not include allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million.
Sources of Funds
General. Deposits, FHLB-NY borrowings, other borrowings, principal and interest payments on loans, mortgage-
backed and other securities, and proceeds from the sale of loans and securities are our primary sources of funds for lending,
investing and other general purposes.
Deposits. We offer a variety of deposit accounts having a range of interest rates and terms. Our deposits primarily
consist of savings accounts, money market accounts, demand accounts, NOW accounts and certificates of deposit. We
have a relatively stable retail deposit base drawn from our market area through our 28 full-service offices and our Internet
Branch. We seek to retain existing depositor relationships by offering quality service and competitive interest rates, while
keeping deposit growth within reasonable limits. It is management’s intention to balance its goal to maintain competitive
interest rates on deposits while seeking to manage its cost of funds to finance its strategies.
In addition to our full-service offices, we operate the Internet Branch and a government banking unit. The Internet
Branch currently offers savings accounts, money market accounts, checking accounts, and certificates of deposit. This
allows us to compete on a national scale without the geographical constraints of physical locations. At December 31, 2024
27
and 2023, total deposits at our Internet Branch were $149.2 million and $183.8 million, respectively. The government
banking unit provides banking services to public municipalities, including counties, cities, towns, villages, school districts,
libraries, fire districts, and the various courts throughout the New York City metropolitan area. At December 31, 2024 and
2023, total deposits in our government banking unit totaled $1,775.5 million and $1,587.9 million, respectively.
Our core deposits, consisting of savings accounts, NOW accounts, money market accounts, and non-interest
bearing demand accounts, are typically more stable and lower costing than other sources of funding. However, the flow of
deposits into a particular type of account is significantly influenced by general economic conditions, changes in prevailing
interest rates, and competition. We experienced an increase in our due to depositors’ during 2024 of $361.0 million,
primarily due to growth in our certificates of deposit. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the cost of our interest-
bearing due to depositors’ accounts increased 64 basis points to 3.83% from 3.19% for the year ended December 31, 2023.
The cost of interest-bearing liabilities continued to rise until mid-2024 as prior Federal Reverse rate increases continued
to negatively impact our funding costs. Although, beginning in September 2024, the Federal Reserve commenced lowering
rates, and by the end of 2024 had lowered the targeted Federal Funds rate by 100 basis points for the year to a range of
4.25% to 4.50% resulting in a decrease in our cost of funds in the latter part of 2024. We are unable to predict the direction
or timing of future interest rate changes as there can be no assurances as to any future FOMC decisions on interest rates.
If interest rates decline in 2025, we could see a decline in our cost of deposits, which could increase our net interest margin.
Similarly, if interest rates rise during 2025, the result could be an increase in our cost of deposits, which would adversely
impact our net interest margin.
Included in deposits are certificates of deposit with balances of $250,000 or more (excluding brokered deposits
issued in $1,000 amounts under a master certificates of deposit) was $514.4 million and $497.4 million at December 31,
2024 and 2023, respectively.
We utilize brokered deposits as an additional funding source, to assist in the management of our interest rate risk
and as an underlying funding source for a portion of our interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we had
$1,319.0 million and $1,102.0 million, respectively, classified as brokered deposits. We obtain brokered certificates of
deposit as a wholesale funding source when the interest rate on these deposits are below other wholesale options, or to
extend the maturities of our deposits. Brokered deposits generally have a higher beta than our retail deposits as the interest
rates are typically more sensitive to changes in the Fed funds rates. A portion of our brokered certificates of deposit are
hedged against rising interest rates using interest rate swaps. At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, $875.8
million and $680.0 million, respectively, were hedged using interest rate swaps. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial
Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Brokered deposits obtained by the Bank are generally
fully FDIC insured and cannot be early redeemed. At December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Bank did not hold
any uninsured brokered deposits.
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) is used as the clearing house, maintaining each deposit under the name
of CEDE & Co. These deposits are transferable just like a stock or bond investment and the customer can open the account
with only a phone call, just like buying a stock or bond. Unlike non-brokered certificates of deposit, where the deposit
amount can be withdrawn with a penalty for any reason, including increasing interest rates, a brokered certificates of
deposit can only be withdrawn in the event of the death, or court declared mental incompetence, of the depositor. These
instruments allow us to better manage the maturity of our deposits and our interest rate risk. At times, we also utilize
brokers to obtain money market deposits and NOW accounts. The rate we pay on brokered money market and NOW
accounts are similar to the rate we pay on non-brokered accounts of these types, and the rate is agreed to in a contract
between the Bank and the broker. These accounts are similar to brokered certificates of deposit accounts in that we only
maintain one account for the total deposit per broker, with the broker maintaining the detailed records of each depositor.
We also offer access to FDIC insurance coverage in excess of $250,000 through the IntraFi Network which
arranges for the placement of funds into certificates of deposit accounts, demand accounts or money market accounts
issued by other member banks within the network in increments of less than $250,000. This allows us to accept deposits
in excess of $250,000 from a depositor and to place the deposits through the network to other member banks to provide
full FDIC deposit insurance coverage. We may receive deposits from other member banks in exchange for the deposits we
place into the network. We may also obtain deposits from other network member banks without placing deposits into the
network. We obtain these types of deposits primarily as a short-term funding source. We can also place deposits with other
member banks without receiving deposits from other member banks. Depositors are allowed to withdraw funds, with a
28
penalty, from these accounts at one or more of the member banks that hold the deposits. Additionally, we place a portion
of our government deposits in the IntraFi Network money market and demand accounts which does not require us to
provide collateral. This allows us to invest our funds in higher yielding assets. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank
held IntraFi Network money market and demand deposits totaling $721.8 million and $869.2 million, respectively. At
December 31, 2024 $18.3 thousand were classified as brokered deposits, while at December 31, 2023, $110.2 million of
these deposits were classified as brokered deposits.
At December 31, 2024, the Bank had uninsured deposits totaling $2.3 billion, or 31% of deposits with $1.1 billion
of that fully collateralized by some other method leaving uninsured and uncollateralized deposits totaling $1.2 billion or
17% of deposits. At December 31, 2023, the Bank had uninsured deposits totaling $2.1 billion, or 30% of deposits with
$0.9 billion of that fully collateralized by some other method leaving uninsured and uncollateralized deposits totaling $1.2
billion or 17% of deposits.
The following table sets forth the distribution of our deposit accounts at the dates indicated and the weighted
average nominal interest rates on each category of deposits presented.
At December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Weighted
Weighted
Weighted
Percent
Average
Percent
Average
Percent
Average
of Total
Nominal
of Total
Nominal
of Total
Nominal
Amount
Deposits
Rate
Amount
Deposits
Rate
Amount
Deposits
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
Savings accounts
$
98,964
1.38 %
0.38 % $ 108,605
1.59 %
0.45 % $ 143,641
2.21 %
0.21 %
NOW accounts
1,854,069
25.82
3.26
1,771,164
25.99
3.58
1,746,190
26.93
2.14
Demand accounts
836,545
11.65
0.00
847,416
12.43
0.00
921,238
14.20
0.00
Mortgagors' escrow deposits
53,082
0.74
0.27
50,382
0.74
0.25
48,159
0.74
0.30
Total
2,842,660
39.59
2.19
2,777,567
40.75
2.31
2,859,228
44.08
1.37
Money market accounts
1,686,109
23.49
3.48
1,726,404
25.33
3.91
2,099,776
32.38
2.47
Certificates of deposit accounts with
original maturities of:
Less than 6 Months
1,262,552
17.59
4.53
690,638
10.13
5.46
273,696
4.22
3.58
6 to less than 12 Months
499,734
6.96
4.54
346,073
5.08
4.94
24,215
0.37
0.44
12 to less than 30 Months
813,939
11.34
4.17
1,185,856
17.40
3.92
1,088,371
16.79
2.96
30 to less than 48 Months
68,912
0.96
4.12
75,541
1.11
3.64
79,923
1.23
3.24
48 to less than 72 Months
4,466
0.06
0.51
11,943
0.18
1.31
57,701
0.89
2.70
72 Months or more
561
0.01
0.11
1,239
0.02
0.18
2,432
0.04
0.19
Total certificates of deposit
accounts
2,650,164
36.92
4.41
2,311,290
33.92
4.51
1,526,338
23.54
3.03
Total deposits
$ 7,178,933
100.00 %
3.31 % $ 6,815,261
100.00 %
3.46 % $ 6,485,342
100.00 %
2.12 %
29
The following table shows the composition of brokered deposits at the periods indicated below:
At December 31,
(In thousands)
2024
2023
2022
NOW accounts
$
151,387
$
187,119
$
80,465
Money market accounts
73,622
96,596
329,042
Certificates of deposit
1,093,996
818,287
446,804
Total brokered deposits
$ 1,319,005
$ 1,102,002
$
856,311
Interest expense on brokered deposits is summarized as follows for the periods indicated:
At December 31,
(In thousands)
2024
2023
2022
NOW accounts
$
2,124
$
1,286
$
567
Money market accounts
1,311
3,519
3,451
Certificates of deposit
31,509
17,411
3,006
Total interest expense on brokered deposits
$
34,944
$
22,216
$
7,024
The following table presents by various rate categories, the amount of time deposit accounts outstanding at the
dates indicated, and the years to maturity of the certificates accounts outstanding at the periods indicated:
At December 31, 2024
At December 31,
Within
One to
2024
2023
2022
One Year Three Years Thereafter
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest rate:
1.99% or less(1)
$
89,007
$
98,900
$ 307,498
$
82,388
$
4,098
$ 2,521
2.00% to 2.99%
2,133
183,366
271,215
1,589
544
—
3.00% to 3.99% (2)
95,183
242,334
569,751
85,855
9,258
70
4.00% to 4.99% (3)
2,357,379
755,074
377,874
2,246,372
108,345
2,662
5.00% to 5.99% (4)
106,462
1,031,616
—
106,462
—
—
Total
$ 2,650,164
$ 2,311,290
$ 1,526,338
$ 2,522,666
$ 122,245
$ 5,253
(1)
Includes brokered deposits of $10.3 million, $7.0 million, and $7.3 million at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)
Includes brokered deposits of $238.2 million at December 31, 2022.
(3)
Includes brokered deposits of $1,074.3 million, $131.9 million and $206.6 million at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(4)
Includes brokered deposits of $9.4 million, and $680.7 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following table presents by remaining maturity categories the amount of certificates of deposit accounts with
balances of $250,000 or more at December 31, 2024 and their annualized weighted average interest rates.
Weighted
Amount
Average Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
Maturity Period:
Three months or less
$ 287,861
4.65 %
Over three through six months
51,077
4.63
Over six through 12 months
167,638
4.03
Over 12 months
7,791
3.88
Total
$ 514,367
4.44 %
30
The following table presents the deposit activity, including mortgagors’ escrow deposits, for the periods indicated.
For the year ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Net deposits
$ 119,090
$ 141,264
$
52,612
Amortization (accretion) of premiums, net
986
714
15
Interest on deposits
243,594
187,941
47,270
Net increase in deposits
$ 363,670
$ 329,919
$
99,897
The following table sets forth the distribution of our average deposit accounts for the years indicated,
the percentage of total deposit portfolio, and the average interest cost of each deposit category presented. Average balances
for all years shown are derived from daily balances.
At December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Percent
Percent
Percent
Average
of Total
Average
Average
of Total
Average
Average
of Total
Average
Balance
Deposits
Cost
Balance
Deposits
Cost
Balance
Deposits
Cost
(Dollars in thousands)
Savings accounts
$ 102,843
1.38 %
0.46 % $ 121,102
1.59 %
0.43 % $ 153,605
2.21 %
0.14 %
NOW accounts
1,965,774
25.82
3.85
1,937,974
25.99
3.31
1,976,238
26.93
0.78
Demand accounts
843,151
11.65
—
867,667
12.43
—
1,019,090
14.20
—
Mortgagors' escrow deposits
82,095
0.74
0.31
81,015
0.74
0.25
80,021
0.74
0.17
Total
2,993,863
39.59
2.55
3,007,758
40.75
2.16
3,228,954
44.08
0.49
Money market accounts
1,699,869
23.49
4.00
1,754,059
25.33
3.36
2,191,768
32.38
0.87
Certificates of deposit accounts
2,604,817
36.92
3.85
2,091,677
33.92
3.10
1,031,024
23.54
1.22
Total deposits
$ 7,298,549 100.00 %
3.35 % $ 6,853,494 100.00 %
2.76 % $ 6,451,746 100.00 %
0.73 %
Borrowings. Although deposits are our primary source of funds, we also use borrowings as an alternative and
cost effective source of funds for lending, investing and other general purposes. The Bank is a member of, and is eligible
to obtain advances from, the FHLB-NY. Such advances generally are secured by a blanket lien against the Bank’s mortgage
portfolio and the Bank’s investment in the stock of the FHLB-NY. In addition, the Bank may pledge mortgage-backed
securities to obtain advances from the FHLB-NY. See “— Regulation — Federal Home Loan Bank System.” The
maximum amount that the FHLB-NY will advance fluctuates from time to time in accordance with the policies of the
FHLB-NY. The Bank may enter into repurchase agreements with broker-dealers and the FHLB-NY. These agreements
are recorded as financing transactions and the obligations to repurchase are reflected as a liability in our consolidated
financial statements. The Bank also has unsecured lines of credit with other commercial banks. In addition, we issued
junior subordinated debentures with a total par of $61.9 million in 2007. These junior subordinated debentures are carried
at fair value in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. At December 31, 2024, the Company holds
subordinated debt with an aggregated principal balance of $190.0 million.
The Company uses interest rate swaps on borrowings to help mitigate the impact interest rate increases have on
our cost of funds. At December 31, 2024 the Company had no active interest rate swaps on borrowings, while at December
31, 2023, $95.8 million were classified as interest rate swaps on borrowings.
The average cost of borrowings was 4.87%, 4.34%, and 2.54% for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023
and 2022, respectively. The average balances of borrowings were $795.3 million, $776.1 million, and $1,012.1 million for
the same years, respectively.
31
The following table sets forth certain information regarding our borrowings at or for the periods ended on the
dates indicated.
At or for the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(Dollars in thousands)
FHLB-NY Advances
Average balance outstanding
$ 520,235
$ 425,050
$ 811,380
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period
810,050
764,219
1,336,186
Balance outstanding at the end of period
628,933
480,801
815,501
Weighted average interest rate during the period
3.89 %
3.53 %
1.94 %
Weighted average interest rate at end of period
4.37
4.88
4.08
Other Borrowings
Average balance outstanding
$ 273,113
$ 351,000
$ 200,769
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period
506,515
456,260
240,483
Balance outstanding at the end of period
287,121
360,480
237,472
Weighted average interest rate during the period
6.72 %
5.32 %
4.98 %
Weighted average interest rate at end of period
5.06
5.30
5.16
Total Borrowings
Average balance outstanding
$ 793,348
$ 776,050
$ 1,012,149
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end during the period
1,316,565
1,001,010
1,572,830
Balance outstanding at the end of period
916,054
841,281
1,052,973
Weighted average interest rate during the period
4.87 %
4.34 %
2.54 %
Weighted average interest rate at end of period
4.59
5.06
4.32
Subsidiary Activities
At December 31, 2024, the Holding Company had four wholly owned subsidiaries: the Bank and the Trusts. In
addition, the Bank had two wholly owned subsidiaries: FSB Properties Inc and Flushing Service Corporation. In 2021,
Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation (“FPFC”) was dissolved.
•
FSB Properties Inc., which is incorporated in the State of New York, was formed in 1976 with the original
purpose of engaging in joint venture real estate equity investments. These activities were discontinued in
1986 and no joint venture property remains. FSB Properties Inc. is currently used solely to hold title to real
estate owned that is obtained via foreclosure.
•
Flushing Service Corporation, which is incorporated in the State of New York, was formed in 1998 to market
insurance products and mutual funds.
•
Flushing Preferred Funding Corporation, which was dissolved as of June 30, 2021, was incorporated in the
State of Delaware, was formed in 1997 as a real estate investment trust for the purpose of acquiring, holding
and managing real estate mortgage assets. It was available as an additional vehicle for access by the Company
to the capital markets for future opportunities.
Human Capital
On December 31, 2024, we had 571 full-time employees and 17 part-time employees. None of our employees are
represented by a collective bargaining unit, and we consider our relationship with our employees to be good. At the present
time, the Holding Company only employs certain officers of the Bank. These employees do not receive any extra
compensation as officers of the Holding Company.
We recognize that a diverse workforce with varied experiences, perspectives, and backgrounds is critical to
driving innovation, enhancing creativity, and ultimately achieving success. We pride ourselves on establishing a diverse
32
workforce that serves our diverse customer base in the New York City metro area. As of December 31, 2024, our multi-
cultural employee population spoke more than 20 different languages. Our inclusion and diversity approach focuses on
workforce (our team members), workplace (culture, tools, and programs) and community. We have undertaken a series of
initiatives to further enhance our existing diversity and inclusion approach, including Flushing Bank Serves volunteer
program and the creation of a Diversity & Inclusion Committee. We have also broadened our focus on inclusion and
diversity by equipping and empowering our team leaders with appropriate tools and training.
Oversight & Governance. The over-riding principal of our human capital management strategy focuses on
attracting, developing, and retaining top quality talent regardless of gender, ethnicity, national origin, age, religion, or
physical ability. We strive to identify and select the best candidates for all open positions based solely on the qualifying
factors for each job. We are dedicated to providing a workplace for our associates that is inclusive, supportive, and free of
any form of discrimination or harassment; rewarding and recognizing our team members based on their individual results
and team performance; and recognizing and respecting all of the characteristics and differences that make each of our
associates unique. Our Board of Directors and Board committees provide oversight on certain human capital matters,
including our inclusion and diversity program and initiatives. The Board of Directors is responsible for discussing,
evaluating, and reviewing regular updates from management with regard to human capital matters. Our Board of Directors
is comprised of diverse perspectives, experiences, cultures, ethnicity, and gender.
Learning and Development. The Company provides comprehensive learning and development programs for our
employees. We believe that investing in the growth and development of our team members is not only beneficial for them
personally, but also critical to the success of our business. To that end, we have implemented a range of training initiatives,
including on-the-job learning opportunities, online courses, in-person workshops and mentorship programs. We believe
that by supporting the growth of our team members, we are creating a stronger, more capable workforce that will drive
our organization forward for years to come.
Total Rewards. The Company believes that our future success largely depends upon our continued ability to
attract and retain highly skilled employees. We provide our employees with a rich total rewards program which includes:
•
Competitive base salaries;
•
Incentive bonus opportunities;
•
Equity ownership;
•
401(k) plan access;
•
Healthcare and other insurance programs;
•
Health savings and flexible spending accounts;
•
Paid time off;
•
Volunteer time off;
•
Family leave, and
•
Employee assistance program.
Omnibus Incentive Plan
The 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2014 Omnibus Plan”) became effective on May 20, 2014 after adoption by
the Board of Directors and approval by the stockholders. The 2014 Omnibus Plan authorizes the Compensation Committee
of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) to grant a variety of equity compensation awards
as well as long-term and annual cash incentive awards. To the extent that an award under the 2014 Omnibus Plan is
cancelled, expired, forfeited, settled in cash, settled by issuance of fewer shares than the number underlying the award, or
otherwise terminated without delivery of shares to a participant in payment of the exercise price or taxes relating to an
award, the shares retained by or returned to the Company will be available for future issuance under the 2014 Omnibus
33
Plan. The 2014 Omnibus Plan originally covered the issuance of 1,100,000 shares, which was increased. On May 31, 2017,
stockholders approved an amendment to the 2014 Omnibus Plan authorizing an additional 672,000 shares available for
future issuance. In addition, that amendment eliminated, in the case of stock options and stock appreciation rights, the
ability to recycle shares used to satisfy the exercise price or taxes for such awards. On May 18, 2021, stockholders approved
a further amendment of the 2014 Omnibus Plan to authorize an additional 1,100,000 shares for future issuance. Including
the additional shares authorized from the amendments. 974,000 shares remained available for future issuance under the
2024 Omnibus Plan at December 31, 2024.
For additional information concerning this plan, see Note 11 (“Stock-Based Compensation”) of Notes to the
Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
REGULATION
General
The Bank is a New York State-chartered commercial bank whose deposit accounts are insured under the Deposit
Insurance Fund (the “DIF”) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) up to applicable legal limits. The
Bank is subject to extensive regulation and supervision by the New York State Department of Financial Services
(“NYDFS”), as its chartering agency, by the FDIC, as its insurer of deposits, and to a lesser extent by the Consumer
Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”), which was created under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer
Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”). The Bank must file reports with the NYDFS and the FDIC concerning its activities
and financial condition, in addition to obtaining regulatory approvals prior to certain transactions such as mergers with, or
acquisitions of, other depository institutions. Furthermore, the Bank is periodically examined by the NYDFS and the FDIC
to assess compliance with various regulatory requirements, including safety and soundness considerations. This regulation
and supervision established a comprehensive framework of activities in which a commercial bank can engage and is
intended primarily for the protection of the FDIC insurance fund and depositors. The regulatory structure also gives the
regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with its supervisory and enforcement activities and examination
policies, including policies with respect to the classification of assets and the establishment of adequate loan loss
allowances for regulatory purposes. Any change in such regulation, whether by the NYDFS, the FDIC, or through
legislation, could have a material adverse impact on the Company, the Bank and its operations, and the Company’s
shareholders. While the regulatory environment has entered a period of rebalancing of the post financial crisis framework,
we expect that our business will remain subject to extensive regulation and supervision.
The Company is required to file certain reports under, and otherwise comply with, the rules and regulations of
the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (the “FRB”), the FDIC, the NYDFS, and the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the “SEC”). In addition, the FRB periodically examines the Company. Certain of the regulatory requirements
applicable to the Bank and the Company are referred to below or elsewhere herein. However, such discussion is not meant
to be a complete explanation of all laws and regulations and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual laws and
regulations.
Basel III
The Company and the Bank are subject to a comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations
that was issued by the FDIC and FRB in July 2013 (the “Basel III Capital Rules”), subject to phase-in periods for certain
components and other provisions. Under the Basel III Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios are:
•
4.5% Common Equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) to risk-weighted assets;
•
6.0% Tier 1 capital that is CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets;
•
8.0% Total Capital that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets; and
34
•
4.0% Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets as reported on consolidated financial statements (known
as the “leverage ratio”).
The Basel III Capital Rules also introduced a “capital conservation buffer,” composed entirely of CET1, on top
of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. The Bank’s capital conservation buffer currently is 5.11%. Banking
institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets below the effective minimum (4.5% plus the capital conservation
buffer) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall. As
of December 31, 2024, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules.
Together with the FDIC, the Federal Reserve has issued proposed rules that would simplify the capital treatment
of certain capital deductions and adjustments, and the final phase-in period for these capital deductions and adjustments
has been indefinitely delayed. In addition, in December 2018, the federal banking agencies finalized rules that would
permit bank holding companies and banks to phase-in, for regulatory capital purposes, the day-one impact of the new
current expected credit loss accounting rule on retained earnings over a period of three years.
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act
The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the “Economic Growth Act”) provides
certain regulatory relief, including to community banks, which are generally characterized in the statute as banking
organizations with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets and with limited trading activities. The Economic
Growth Act requires the federal banking agencies to develop a “community bank leverage ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s
tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A
financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The federal banking agencies, including the FDIC, have
issued a rule pursuant to the Economic Growth Act to establish for institutions with assets of less than $10 billion a
“community bank leverage ratio” (the ratio of a bank’s tier 1 capital to average total consolidated assets) of 9% that such
institutions may elect to use in lieu of the generally applicable leverage and risk-based capital requirements under Basel
III. The Bank has elected not to be subject to this new definition. See “FDIC Regulations – Prompt Corrective Regulatory
Action.”
The Truth in Lending Act (“TILA”) is the commonly used name for Title I of the Consumer Credit Protection
Act, passed by Congress in 1968, which is the consumer protection law specifying what information lenders must share
with borrowers before giving them a loan or line of credit. This information includes the annual percentage rate, loan
terms, and total cost of the loan. Section 101 of the Economic Growth Act amended the TILA to add a safe harbor for
"plain vanilla" mortgage loans originated by banking organizations and credit unions with less than $10 billion in total
consolidated assets under existing qualified mortgage and ability to pay rules.
Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act, commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule,” generally prohibits insured
depository institutions and any company affiliated with an insured depository institution from engaging in proprietary
trading and from acquiring or retaining ownership interests in, sponsoring, or having certain relationships with a hedge
fund or private equity fund. Under the Economic Growth Act, community banks, (which for this purpose are generally
characterized in the statute as banking organizations with less than $10 billion in total consolidated assets with limited
trading activities), are exempt from the Volcker Rule and its proprietary trading prohibitions.
New York State Law
The Bank derives its lending, investment, and other authority primarily from the applicable provisions of New
York State Banking Law and the regulations of the NYDFS, as limited by FDIC regulations. Under these laws and
regulations, banks, including the Bank, may invest in real estate mortgages, consumer and commercial loans, certain types
of debt securities (including certain corporate debt securities, and obligations of federal, state, and local governments and
agencies), certain types of corporate equity securities, and certain other assets. The lending powers of New York State-
chartered commercial banks are not subject to percentage-of-assets or capital limitations, although there are limits
applicable to loans to individual borrowers.
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The exercise by an FDIC-insured commercial bank of the lending and investment powers under New York State
Banking Law is limited by FDIC regulations and other federal laws and regulations. In particular, the applicable provisions
of New York State Banking Law and regulations governing the investment authority and activities of an FDIC-insured
state-chartered savings bank and commercial bank have been effectively limited by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”) and the FDIC regulations issued pursuant thereto.
With certain limited exceptions, a New York State-chartered commercial bank may not make loans or extend
credit for commercial, corporate, or business purposes (including lease financing) to a single borrower, or related group
of borrowers, the aggregate amount of which would exceed 15% of the bank’s net worth. An additional amount may be
loaned up to an additional 10% of the bank’s net worth, if the loan is secured by readily marketable collateral, which is
defined to include certain financial instruments, but generally does not include real estate. The Bank currently complies
with all applicable loans-to-one-borrower limitations. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank’s largest aggregate amount of
outstanding loans to one borrower was $93.0 million, all of which were performing according to their terms. See “—
General — Lending Activities.”
Under New York State Banking Law, New York State-chartered stock-form commercial banks may declare and
pay dividends out of its net profits, unless there is an impairment of capital, but approval of the NYDFS Superintendent
(the “Superintendent”) is required if the total of all dividends declared by the bank in a calendar year would exceed the
total of its net profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years less prior dividends
paid.
New York State Banking Law gives the Superintendent authority to issue an order to a New York State-chartered
banking institution to appear and explain an apparent violation of law, to discontinue unauthorized or unsafe practices,
and to keep prescribed books and accounts. Upon a finding by the NYDFS that any director, trustee, or officer of any
banking organization has violated any law or has continued unauthorized or unsafe practices in conducting the business of
the banking organization after having been notified by the Superintendent to discontinue such practices, such director,
trustee, or officer may be removed from office after notice and opportunity to be heard. The Superintendent also has
authority to appoint a conservator or a receiver for a savings or commercial bank under certain circumstances.
The Superintendent of the NYDFS has the authority to appoint a receiver or liquidator of any state-chartered bank
or trust company under specified circumstances, including where (i) the bank is conducting its business in an unauthorized
or unsafe manner, (ii) the bank has suspended payment of its obligations, or (iii) the bank cannot with safety and
expediency continue to do business.
The NYDFS has issued cybersecurity regulations in Part 500 of Title 23 of the New York Codes, Rules and
Regulations (“Part 500”), which cover five basic areas.
Governance: The regulation requires senior management and boards of directors to adopt a cybersecurity policy
for protecting information systems and most sensitive information. Covered companies are also required to designate a
Chief Information Security Officer (the “CISO”), who must report to the board annually.
Testing: The regulation requires the conduct of cybersecurity tests and analyses, including a “risk assessment” to
“evaluate and categorize risks,” evaluate the integrity and confidentiality of information systems and non-public
information, and develop a process to mitigate any identified risks.
Ongoing Requirements: The regulation imposes substantial day-to-day and technical requirements. Among
others, we are required to develop and/or maintain access controls for our information systems, ensure the physical security
of our computer systems, encrypt or protect personally identifiable information, perform reviews of in-house and externally
created applications, train employees, and build an audit trail system.
Vendors: The regulation also regulates third-party vendors with access to our information technology or non-
public information. We are required to develop and implement written policies and procedures to ensure the security of
our information technology systems or non-public information that can be accessed by our vendors, including identifying
the risks from third-party access, imposing minimum cybersecurity practices for vendors, and creating a due-diligence
process for evaluating those vendors.
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Reports: The regulation imposes a notification process for any material cybersecurity event. Within 72 hours, a
cybersecurity event that has a “reasonable likelihood” of “materially harming” us or that must be reported to another
government or self-regulating agency must be reported to the NYDFS. In addition, an annual compliance certification to
the NYDFS from either the board or a senior officer is required.
The NYSDFS cybersecurity regulations were most recently amended on November 1, 2023, with a series of
rolling effective dates that began on December 1, 2023. The amendments expanded the obligations of entities regulated
by NYDFS to report cybersecurity incidents and enhance their consumer data protection and cybersecurity infrastructure.
Several provisions of the amended cybersecurity regulations took effect on November 1, 2024, with others coming into
effect in 2025.
U.S Patriot Act and Money Laundering
The Bank is subject to the Bank Secrecy Act (“BSA”), which incorporates several laws, including the Uniting
and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001
(the “USA PATRIOT Act”) and related regulations. The USA PATRIOT Act gives the federal government powers to
address money laundering and terrorist threats through enhanced domestic security measures, expanded surveillance
powers, increased information sharing, and broadened anti-money laundering requirements. By way of amendments to the
BSA, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act implemented measures intended to encourage information sharing among bank
regulatory agencies and law enforcement bodies. Further, certain provisions of Title III impose affirmative obligations on
a broad range of financial institutions, including banks, thrifts, brokers, dealers, credit unions, money transfer agents and
parties registered under the Commodity Exchange Act.
Among other things, Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act and the related regulations require:
•
Establishment of anti-money laundering compliance programs that include policies, procedures, and internal
controls; the designation of a BSA officer; a training program; and independent testing;
•
Filing of certain reports to Financial Crimes Enforcement Network and law enforcement that are designated
to assist in the detection and prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing activities;
•
Establishment of a program specifying procedures for obtaining and maintaining certain records from
customers seeking to open new accounts, including verifying the identity of customers;
•
In certain circumstances, compliance with enhanced due diligence policies, procedures and controls designed
to detect and report money-laundering, terrorist financing and other suspicious activity;
•
Monitoring account activity for suspicious transactions; and
•
A heightened level of review for certain high-risk customers or accounts.
The USA PATRIOT Act also includes prohibitions on correspondent accounts for foreign shell banks and requires
compliance with record keeping obligations with respect to correspondent accounts of foreign banks.
The bank regulatory agencies have increased the regulatory scrutiny of the BSA and anti-money laundering
programs maintained by financial institutions. Significant penalties and fines, as well as other supervisory orders may be
imposed on a financial institution for non-compliance with these requirements. In addition, for financial institutions
engaging in a merger transaction, federal bank regulatory agencies must consider the effectiveness of the financial
institution’s efforts to combat money laundering activities. The Bank has adopted policies and procedures to comply with
these requirements.
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FDIC Regulation
Capital Requirements. The FDIC has adopted risk-based capital guidelines to which the Bank is subject. The
guidelines establish a systematic analytical framework that makes regulatory capital requirements sensitive to differences
in risk profiles among banking organizations. The Bank is required to maintain certain levels of regulatory capital in
relation to regulatory risk-weighted assets. The ratio of such regulatory capital to regulatory risk-weighted assets is referred
to as a “risk-based capital ratio.” Risk-based capital ratios are determined by allocating assets and specified off-balance-
sheet items to risk-weighted categories ranging from 0% to 1250%, with higher levels of capital being required for the
categories perceived as representing greater risk.
These guidelines divide an institution’s capital into two tiers. The first tier (“Tier 1”) includes common equity,
retained earnings, certain non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock (excluding auction rate issues), and minority interests
in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and other intangible assets (except mortgage servicing rights
and purchased credit card relationships subject to certain limitations). Supplementary (“Tier 2”) capital includes, among
other items, cumulative perpetual and long-term limited-life preferred stock, mandatorily convertible securities, certain
hybrid capital instruments, term subordinated debt, and the ACL, subject to certain limitations, and up to 45% of pre-tax
net unrealized gains on equity securities with readily determinable fair market values, less required deductions. See
“Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action” below.
The regulatory capital regulations of the FDIC and other federal banking agencies provide that the agencies will
take into account the exposure of an institution’s capital and economic value to changes in interest rate risk in assessing
capital adequacy. According to such agencies, applicable considerations include the quality of the institution’s interest rate
risk management process, overall financial condition, and the level of other risks at the institution for which capital is
needed. Institutions with significant interest rate risk may be required to hold additional capital. The agencies have issued
a joint policy statement providing guidance on interest rate risk management, including a discussion of the critical factors
affecting the agencies’ evaluation of interest rate risk in connection with capital adequacy. Institutions that engage in
specified amounts of trading activity may be subject to adjustments in the calculation of the risk-based capital requirement
to assure sufficient additional capital to support market risk.
Standards for Safety and Soundness. Federal law requires each federal banking agency to prescribe, for the
depository institutions under its jurisdiction, standards that relate to, among other things, internal controls; information
and audit systems; loan documentation; credit underwriting; the monitoring of interest rate risk; asset growth;
compensation; fees and benefits; and such other operational and managerial standards as the agency deems appropriate.
The federal banking agencies have adopted regulations and Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and
Soundness (the “Guidelines”) to implement these safety and soundness standards. The Guidelines set forth the safety and
soundness standards that the federal banking agencies use to identify and address problems at insured depository
institutions before capital becomes impaired. If the appropriate federal banking agency determines that an institution fails
to meet any standard prescribed by the Guidelines, the agency may require the institution to provide it with an acceptable
plan to achieve compliance with the standard, as required by the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as amended, (the “FDI
Act”). The regulations establish deadlines for the submission and review of such safety and soundness compliance plans.
Real Estate Lending Standards. The FDIC and the other federal banking agencies have adopted regulations that
prescribe standards for extensions of credit that are (i) secured by real estate, or (ii) made for the purpose of financing
construction or improvements on real estate. The FDIC regulations require each institution to establish and maintain
written internal real estate lending standards that are consistent with safe and sound banking practices, and appropriate to
the size of the institution and the nature and scope of its real estate lending activities. The standards also must be consistent
with accompanying FDIC guidelines. The institution’s standards establish requirements for loan portfolio diversification,
prudent underwriting (including loan-to-value limits) that are clear and measurable, loan administration procedures,
documentation, approval and reporting requirements. The real estate lending policies must reflect consideration of the
federal bank regulators’ Interagency Guidelines for Real Estate Lending Policies. Institutions are also permitted to make
a limited amount of loans that do not conform to the proposed loan-to-value limitations so long as such exceptions are
reviewed and justified appropriately. The FDIC guidelines also list a number of lending situations in which exceptions to
the loan-to-value standard are justified.
The FDIC and the FRB have also jointly issued the “Concentrations In Commercial Real Estate Lending, Sound
Risk Management Practices” (the “CRE Guidance”). The CRE Guidance, which addresses land development,
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construction, and certain multi-family loans, as well as commercial real estate loans, does not establish specific lending
limits but rather reinforces and enhances these agencies’ existing regulations and guidelines for such lending and portfolio
management. Specifically, the CRE Guidance provides that a bank has a concentration in lending if (1) total reported loans
for construction, land development, and other land represent 100% or more of total risk-based capital; or (2) total reported
loans secured by multi-family properties, non-farm non-residential properties (excluding those that are owner-occupied),
and loans for construction, land development, and other land represent 300% or more of total risk-based capital and the
bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio has increased 50% or more during the prior 36 months. If a concentration is
present, management must employ heightened risk management practices that address key elements, including board and
management oversight, strategic planning, portfolio management, development of underwriting standards, risk assessment
and monitoring through market analysis and stress testing, along with maintenance of increased capital levels as needed
to support the level of commercial real estate lending.
Dividend Limitations. The FDIC has authority to use its enforcement powers to prohibit a commercial bank from
paying dividends if, in its opinion, the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. Federal law
prohibits the payment of dividends that will result in the institution failing to meet applicable capital requirements on a
pro forma basis. The Bank is also subject to dividend declaration restrictions imposed by New York State law as previously
discussed under “New York State Law.”
Investment Activities. Since the enactment of FDICIA, all state-chartered financial institutions, including
commercial banks and their subsidiaries, have generally been limited to such activities as principal and equity investments
of the type, and in the amount, authorized for national banks. State law, FDICIA, and FDIC regulations permit certain
exceptions to these limitations. In addition, the FDIC is authorized to permit institutions to engage in state-authorized
activities or investments not permitted for national banks (other than non-subsidiary equity investments) for institutions
that meet all applicable capital requirements if it is determined that such activities or investments do not pose a significant
risk to the FDIC insurance fund. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 (the “GLBA”) and FDIC regulations impose
certain quantitative and qualitative restrictions on such activities and on a bank’s dealings with a subsidiary that engages
in specified activities.
Prompt Corrective Regulatory Action. Federal law requires, among other things, that federal bank regulatory
authorities take “prompt corrective action” with respect to institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. For
such purposes, the law establishes five capital tiers: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly
undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized.
Under current FDIC regulations, a bank is deemed to be “well capitalized” if the bank has a total risk-based
capital ratio of 10% or greater, has a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% or greater, has a common equity tier 1 capital
ratio of 6.5% or greater, has a leverage ratio of 5% or greater, and is not subject to any order or final capital directive by
the FDIC to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. A bank may be deemed to be in a
capitalization category that is lower than is indicated by its actual capital position if it received an unsatisfactory safety
and soundness examination rating. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank was “well-capitalized”, as applicably defined. The
Dodd-Frank Act made permanent the standard maximum amount of FDIC deposit insurance at $250,000 per depositor. In
addition, the deposits of the Bank are insured up to applicable limits by the FDIC under its Deposit Insurance Fund (“DIF”),
to which insured depository institutions are required to pay quarterly deposit insurance assessments. Under the FDIC’s
risk-based assessment system, insured institutions are assigned to one of four risk categories based upon supervisory
evaluations, regulatory capital level, and certain other factors, with less risky institutions paying lower assessments based
on the assigned risk levels. An institution’s assessment rate depends upon the category to which it is assigned and certain
other factors. Assessment rates range from 1.5 to 40 basis points of the institution’s assessment base, which is calculated
as average total assets minus average tangible equity.
Enforcement. Insurance of deposits may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that an institution has engaged
in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable
law, regulation, rule, order, or condition imposed by the FDIC. The FDIC has extensive enforcement authority to correct
unsafe or unsound practices and violations of law or regulation. Such authority includes the issuance of cease-and-desist
orders, assessment of civil money penalties and removal of officers and directors. The FDIC may also appoint a conservator
or receiver for a non-member bank under specified circumstances, such as where (i) the bank’s assets are less than its
obligations to creditors, (ii) the bank is likely to be unable to pay its obligations or meet depositors’ demands in the normal
course of business, or (iii) a substantial dissipation of bank assets or earnings has occurred due to a violation of law of
39
regulation or unsafe or unsound practices. Management does not know of any practice, condition, or violation that would
lead to termination of the deposit insurance for the Bank.
Brokered Deposits
FDIC and other regulations generally limit the ability of an insured depository institution to accept, renew or roll
over any brokered deposit unless the institution’s capital category is “well capitalized” or, with the FDIC’s approval,
“adequately capitalized.” Pursuant to the regulations the Bank, as a well-capitalized institution, may accept brokered
deposits.
Incentive Compensation Guidance
Federal banking agencies and the NYDFS have issued comprehensive guidance intended to ensure that the
incentive compensation policies of banking organizations, including bank holding companies, do not undermine the safety
and soundness of those organizations by encouraging excessive risk-taking. The incentive compensation guidance sets
expectations for banking organizations concerning their incentive compensation arrangements and related risk-
management, control and governance processes. In addition, in October 2022, the SEC finalized a rule that directs stock
exchanges to require listed companies to implement claw-back policies to recover incentive-based compensation from
current or former executive officers in the event of certain financial restatements and requires companies to disclose their
claw-back policies and their actions under those policies.
Transactions with Affiliates
Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act and FRB’s Regulation W generally:
•
Limit the extent to which a bank or its subsidiaries may engage in “covered transactions” with any
affiliate;
•
limit the extent to which a bank or its subsidiaries may engage in “covered transactions” with all
affiliates; and
•
require that all such transactions be on terms substantially the same, or at least favorable to, the bank or
subsidiary, as those provided to a non-affiliate.
An affiliate of a bank is any company or entity which controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with
the bank. The term “covered transaction” includes the making of loans to the affiliate, the purchase of assets from the
affiliate, the issuance of a guarantee on behalf of the affiliate, the purchase of securities issued by the affiliate, and other
similar types of transactions.
A bank’s authority to extend credit to executive officers, directors and greater than 10 percent shareholders, as
well as entities controlled by such persons, is subject to Sections 22(g) and 22(h) of the Federal Reserve Act and Regulation
O promulgated thereunder by the FRB. Among other things, these loans must be made on terms (including interest rates
charged and collateral required) substantially the same as those offered to unaffiliated individuals or be made as part of a
benefit or compensation program and on terms widely available to employees and must not involve a greater than normal
risk of repayment. In addition, the amount of loans a bank may make to these persons is based, in part, on the bank’s
capital position, and specified approval procedures must be followed in making loans which exceed specified amounts.
Community Reinvestment Act
Federal Regulation. Under the Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”), as implemented by FDIC regulations,
an institution has a continuing and affirmative obligation consistent with its safe and sound operation to help meet the
credit needs of its entire community, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. The CRA does not establish
specific lending requirements or programs for financial institutions, nor does it limit an institution’s discretion to develop
the types of products and services that it believes are best suited to its particular community, consistent with the CRA.
The CRA requires the FDIC, in connection with its examinations, to assess the institution’s record of meeting the credit
40
needs of its community and to take such record into account in its evaluation of certain applications by such institution.
The CRA requires public disclosure of an institution’s CRA rating and further requires the FDIC to provide a written
evaluation of an institution’s CRA performance utilizing a four-tiered descriptive rating system. In October 2023, the
FDIC, the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC issued a final rule to strengthen and modernize the CRA regulations and
framework. Under the final rule, a bank with assets of at least $2 billion as of December 31 in both of its prior two calendar
years will be a “large bank” for purposes thereof. The applicable agencies will evaluate such large banks under four
performance tests: the Retail Lending Test, the Retail Services and Products Test, the Community Development Financing
Test, and the Community Development Services Test. The applicability date for most provisions in the CRA regulations
is January 1, 2026, with additional requirements to be applicable on January 1, 2027. As of the date of its most recent
CRA examination, which was conducted by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the NYSDFS, the Bank’s CRA
performance was rated “Outstanding”. New York law imposes a similar obligation on the Bank to serve the credit needs
of its community. New York law contains its own community invested-related provisions, which are substantially similar
to those of federal law.
New York State Regulation. The Bank is also subject to provisions of the New York State Banking Law that
impose continuing and affirmative obligations upon a banking institution organized in New York State to serve the credit
needs of its local community (the “NYCRA”). Such obligations are substantially similar to those imposed by the CRA.
The NYCRA requires the NYDFS to make a periodic written assessment of an institution’s compliance with the NYCRA,
utilizing a four-tiered rating system, and to make such assessment available to the public. The NYCRA also requires the
Superintendent to consider the NYCRA rating when reviewing an application to engage in certain transactions, including
mergers, asset purchases, and the establishment of branch offices or ATMs, and provides that such assessment may serve
as a basis for the denial of any such application.
Federal Home Loan Bank System
The Bank is a member of the FHLB-NY, one of 11 regional FHLBs comprising the FHLB system. Each regional
FHLB manages its customer relationships, while the 11 FHLBs use its combined size and strength to obtain its necessary
funding at the lowest possible cost. As a member of the FHLB-NY, the Bank is required to acquire and hold shares of
FHLB-NY capital stock. Pursuant to this requirement, as of December 31, 2024, the Bank was required to maintain $38.1
million of FHLB-NY stock.
Holding Company Regulations
The Company is subject to examination, regulation, and periodic reporting under the Bank Holding Company
Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”), as administered by the FRB. The Company is required to obtain the prior approval
of the FRB to acquire all, or substantially all, of the assets of any bank or bank holding company. Prior FRB approval
would be required for the Company to acquire direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting securities of any bank
or bank holding company if, after giving effect to such acquisition, it would, directly or indirectly, own or control more
than 5% of any class of voting shares of such bank or bank holding company. In addition, before any bank acquisition can
be completed, prior approval thereof may also be required to be obtained from other agencies having supervisory
jurisdiction over the bank to be acquired, including the NYDFS.
FRB regulations generally prohibit a bank holding company from engaging in, or acquiring, direct or indirect
control of more than 5% of the voting securities of any company engaged in non-banking activities. One of the principal
exceptions to this prohibition is for activities found by the FRB to be so closely related to banking or managing or
controlling Bank as to be a proper incident thereto. Some of the principal activities that the FRB has determined by
regulation to be so closely related to banking are: (i) making or servicing loans; (ii) performing certain data processing
services; (iii) providing discount brokerage services; (iv) acting as fiduciary, investment, or financial advisor; (v) leasing
personal or real property; (vi) making investments in corporations or projects designed primarily to promote community
welfare; and (vii) acquiring a savings and loan association.
The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines for bank holding companies (on a consolidated basis). The
Dodd-Frank Act required the FRB to issue consolidated regulatory capital requirements for bank holding companies that
are at least as stringent as those applicable to insured depository institutions. Such regulations eliminated the use of certain
instruments, such as cumulative preferred stock and trust preferred securities, as Tier 1 holding company capital. As of
December 31, 2024, the Company’s consolidated capital exceeded these requirements.
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Bank holding companies are generally required to give the FRB prior written notice of any purchase or
redemption of its outstanding equity securities if the gross consideration for the purchase or redemption, when combined
with the net consideration paid for all such purchases or redemptions during the preceding twelve months, is equal to 10%
or more of the Company’s consolidated net worth. The FRB may disapprove such a purchase or redemption if it determines
that the proposal would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice, or would violate any law, regulation, FRB order or
directive, or any condition imposed by, or written agreement with, the FRB. The FRB has adopted an exception to this
approval requirement for well-capitalized bank holding companies that meet certain other conditions.
The FRB has issued a policy statement regarding the payment of dividends by bank holding companies. In
general, the FRB’s policies provide that dividends should be paid only out of current earnings and only if the prospective
rate of earnings retention by the bank holding company appears consistent with the organization’s capital needs, asset
quality, and overall financial condition.
The FRB’s policies include that a bank holding company should pay cash dividends only to the extent that net
income is sufficient to fund the dividends and the prospective rate of earnings retention is consistent with capital needs,
asset quality and overall financial condition. In addition, FRB guidance sets forth the supervisory expectation that bank
holding companies will inform and consult with FRB staff in advance of issuing a dividend that exceeds earnings for the
quarter and should inform the FRB and should eliminate, defer or significantly reduce dividends if (i) net income available
to stockholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund
the dividends, (ii) prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with the bank holding company’s capital needs
and overall current and prospective financial condition, or (iii) the bank holding company will not meet, or is in danger of
not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios. Moreover, the guidance indicates that a bank holding
company should notify the FRB in advance of declaring or paying a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period (e.g.,
quarter) for which the dividend is being paid or that could result in a material adverse change to the organization’s capital
structure. FRB guidance also provides for consultation and nonobjection for material increases in the amount of a bank
holding company’s common stock dividend.
The FRB’s policies also require that a bank holding company serve as a source of financial strength to its
subsidiary banks by standing ready to use available resources to provide adequate capital funds to those banks during
periods of financial stress or adversity, and by maintaining the financial flexibility and capital-raising capacity to obtain
additional resources for assisting its subsidiary banks where necessary. The Dodd-Frank Act codifies the source of
financial strength policy and requires regulations to facilitate its application. Under the prompt corrective action laws, the
ability of a bank holding company to pay dividends may be restricted if a subsidiary bank becomes undercapitalized.
These regulatory policies could affect the ability of the Company to pay dividends or otherwise engage in capital
distributions.
Under the FDI Act, a depository institution may be liable to the FDIC for losses caused to the DIF if a commonly
controlled depository institution were to fail. The Bank is commonly controlled within the meaning of that law. In 2023,
the FDIC approved a final rule to implement a special assessment to recover the loss to the DIF associated with the closures
of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, however the Bank was not subject to this special assessment due to our
uninsured deposits being below the FDIC threshold.
The status of the Company as a registered bank holding company under the BHCA does not exempt it from
certain federal and state laws and regulations applicable to corporations generally, including, without limitation, certain
provisions of the federal securities laws.
The Company, the Bank, and their respective affiliates will be affected by the monetary and fiscal policies of
various agencies of the United States Government, including the Federal Reserve System. In view of changing conditions
in the national economy and in the money markets, it is difficult for management to accurately predict future changes in
monetary policy or the effect of such changes on the business or financial condition of the Company or the Bank.
Acquisition of the Holding Company
Under the Federal Change in Bank Control Act (“CIBCA”), a notice must be submitted to the FRB if any person
(including a company), or group acting in concert, seeks to acquire 10% or more of the Company’s shares of outstanding
common stock, unless the FRB has found that the acquisition will not result in a change in control of the Company. Under
42
the CIBCA, the FRB generally has 60 days within which to act on such notices, taking into consideration certain factors,
including the financial and managerial resources of the acquirer; the convenience and needs of the communities served by
the Company and the Bank; and the anti-trust effects of the acquisition. Under the BHCA, any company would be required
to obtain approval from the FRB before it may obtain “control” of the Company within the meaning of the BHCA. Control
generally is defined to mean the ownership or power to vote 25% or more of any class of voting securities of the Company
or the ability to control in any manner the election of a majority of the Company’s directors. An existing bank holding
company would, under the BHCA, be required to obtain the FRB’s approval before acquiring more than 5% of the
Company’s voting stock. In addition to the CIBCA and the BHCA, New York State Banking Law generally requires prior
approval of the New York State Banking Board before any action is taken that causes any company to acquire direct or
indirect control of a banking institution that is organized in New York.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Created under the Dodd-Frank Act, and given extensive implementation and enforcement powers, the CFPB has
broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks, including, among other
things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive, or abusive” acts and practices. Abusive acts or practices are defined as
those that (1) materially interfere with a consumer’s ability to understand a term or condition of a consumer financial
product or service, or (2) take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s (a) lack of financial savvy, (b) inability to protect
himself or herself in the selection or use of consumer financial products or services, or (c) reasonable reliance on a covered
entity to act in the consumer’s interests. The CFPB has the authority to investigate possible violations of federal consumer
financial law, hold hearings and commence civil litigation. The CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and
other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The CFPB may also institute a civil action against an entity in violation
of federal consumer financial law to impose a civil penalty or an injunction.
In October 2024, the CFPB finalized a rule to implement a provision of the Dodd-Frank Act that would require
certain entities, including the Company and the Bank, to, among other things, make available to a consumer, upon request,
information in its control or possession concerning the consumer financial product or service that the consumer obtained
from that entity. In general, the rule also requires, among other things, data providers holding a consumer account, such
as the Bank, to establish a developer interface satisfying certain data security specifications and other standards, through
which the data provider can receive requests for, and provide, specific types of data covered by the rule in electronic,
usable form to authorized third parties, including data aggregators. Under the rule, data providers are prohibited from,
among other things, charging consumers or third parties fees for processing these consumer data requests. The rule also
places certain data security, authorization, and other obligations on third parties accessing covered data from data
providers, which could include the Company and the Bank when acting in certain capacities. The rule requires third parties
to limit their collection, use, and retention of the data received to only what is reasonably necessary to provide the
consumers’ requested product or service. The rule is subject to ongoing litigation that could impact whether and when the
Company and the Bank are required to comply with the rule. We continue to evaluate the final rule and the potential
impacts on the Company and the Bank.
Mortgage Banking and Related Consumer Protection Regulations
The retail activities of the Bank, including lending and the acceptance of deposits, are subject to a variety of
statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers. Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by the Bank
are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest rates. Loan operations are also subject to federal laws
applicable to credit transactions, such as:
•
The federal Truth-In-Lending Act and Regulation Z issued by the FRB, governing disclosures of credit terms
to consumer borrowers;
•
The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Regulation C issued by the FRB, requiring financial institutions to
provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether a financial institution is
fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves;
43
•
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B issued by the FRB, prohibiting discrimination on the
basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors in extending credit;
•
The Fair Credit Reporting Act and Regulation V issued by the FRB, governing the use and provision of
information to consumer reporting agencies;
•
The Fair Debt Collection Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection
agencies; and
•
The guidance of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such federal
laws.
Deposit operations also are subject to:
•
The Truth in Savings Act and Regulation DD issued by the FRB, which requires disclosure of deposit terms
to consumers;
•
Regulation CC issued by the FRB, which relates to the availability of deposit funds to consumers;
•
The Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain the confidentiality of consumer
financial records and prescribes procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial
records; and
•
The Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E issued by the FRB, which governs automatic deposits
to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers’ rights and liabilities arising from the use of
automated teller machines and other electronic banking services.
In addition, the Bank and its subsidiaries may also be subject to certain state laws and regulations designed to
protect consumers.
Many of the foregoing laws and regulations are subject to change resulting from the provisions in the Dodd-Frank
Act, which in many cases calls for revisions to implementing regulations. In addition, oversight responsibilities of these
and other consumer protection laws and regulations will, in large measure, transfer from the Bank’s primary regulators to
the CFPB. We cannot predict the effect that being regulated by a new, additional regulatory authority focused on consumer
financial protection, or any new implementing regulations or revisions to existing regulations that may result from the
establishment of this new authority, will have on our businesses.
Data Privacy
Federal and state laws contain extensive consumer privacy protection provisions. The GLBA requires financial
institutions to periodically disclose their privacy practices and policies relating to sharing such information and enable
retail customers to opt out of the Bank’s ability to share certain information with affiliates and non-affiliates for marketing
and/or non-marketing purposes, or to contact customers with marketing offers. The GLBA also requires financial
institutions to implement a comprehensive information security program that includes administrative, technical, and
physical safeguards to ensure the security and confidentiality of customer records and information. See “Consumer
Protection Finance Bureau” above.
Cybersecurity
In 2023, the SEC adopted rules requiring registered public companies (“registrants”) to disclose material
cybersecurity incidents that they experience and to disclose on an annual basis material information regarding their
cybersecurity risk management, strategy and governance. The new rules require registrants to disclose on the new item
1.05 of Form 8-K any cybersecurity incident they determine to be material and to describe the material aspects of the
44
incident’s nature, scope, and timing, as well as its material impact or reasonably likely impact on the registrant. The new
rules also add Regulation S-K Item 106, which will require registrants to describe their processes, if any, for assessing,
identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, as well as the material effects or reasonably likely
material effects of risks from cybersecurity threats and previous cybersecurity incidents. Item 106 requires registrants to
describe the board of directors’ oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats and management’s role and expertise in
assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats, which description is included herein.
In addition, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC require, among other things, a banking organization to notify its
primary federal regulator within 36 hours after identifying a “computer-security incident” that the banking organization
believes in good faith could materially disrupt, degrade or impair its business or operations in a manner that would, among
other things, jeopardize the viability of its operations, result in customers being unable to access their deposit and other
accounts, result in a material loss of revenue, profit or franchise value, or pose a threat to the financial stability of the
United States. In 2023, the FDIC issued a report setting forth safety and soundness standards and a computer-security
incident notification rule under which a banking organization must notify its primary federal regulator of any significant
computer-security incident as soon as possible, but no later than 36 hours after determining that such an incident has
occurred.
In addition, as noted above, the NYSDFS cybersecurity regulations were most recently amended on November
1, 2023, with a series of rolling effective dates that began on December 1, 2023. The amendments expanded the obligations
of entities regulated by NYDFS to report cybersecurity incidents and enhance their consumer data protection and
cybersecurity infrastructure. Several provisions of the amended cybersecurity regulations took effect on November 1,
2024, with others coming into effect in 2025.
Federal Securities Laws
The Company’s common stock is registered with the SEC and listed for trading on The Nasdaq Stock Market
(“Nasdaq”). Accordingly, the Company is subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading restrictions and
other requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the rules of Nasdaq. In accordance with Nasdaq listing
rules regarding board diversity and disclosure, the Company annually discloses certain board diversity data. In addition,
under Nasdaq listing rules, the Company is required to have, or explain why it does not have, (i) one diverse director
currently, and (ii) two diverse directors by the later of August 6, 2025, or the date it files its proxy statement for its annual
meeting of shareholders in 2025. A listed issuer may meet these diversity requirements by having two female directors or
one female director and one director who is an underrepresented minority or LGBTQ+. The Company presently meets
both these requirements.
Available Information
We are a reporting company and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information
with the SEC. We make available free of charge on or through our web site at http://www.flushingbank.com our annual
reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed
or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable
after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Our SEC filings are also available to the public
free of charge over the Internet at the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov.
You may also read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room located at 100 F. Street,
N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information about the operation of the public reference room
by calling the SEC at 1 800 SEC 0330. You may request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a
fee for the copying cost.
45
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
In addition to the other information contained in this Annual Report, the following factors and other
considerations should be considered carefully in evaluating us and our business.
Changes in Interest Rates May Impact Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Our primary source of income is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income
generated by our interest-earning assets (consisting primarily of multi-family residential loans, investment property
commercial business loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and investment securities) and the interest expense paid
on our interest-bearing liabilities (consisting primarily of deposits and borrowings). The level of net interest income is
primarily a function of the average balance of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities, along with the
spread between the yield on such assets and the cost of such liabilities. These factors are influenced by both the pricing
and mix of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by such external
factors as the local economy, competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the Federal Open Market
Committee of the Federal Reserve Board (the “FOMC”), and market interest rates. The FOMC decreased the target range
for the federal funds rate three times and by 100 basis points during 2024 from a range of 5.25% to 5.50% in September,
to a range of 4.25% to 4.50% in December. There can be no assurances as to any future FOMC decisions on interest rates.
It is possible that due to changes in fiscal and economic policies, including tariffs, US economic activity may slow or
decrease in 2025, applying pressure on interest rates. Economic weakness or persistent inflation could lead to decreased
business and consumer confidence and weaker-than-anticipated spending, thereby leading to increased interest rates and
other related possible adverse impacts to our business including asset quality, deposit levels, loan demand and results of
operations. A significant portion of our loans have fixed interest rates (or, if adjustable, are initially fixed for periods of
five to 10 years) and longer terms than our deposits and borrowings. Our net interest income could be adversely affected
if the rates we pay on deposits and borrowings increase more rapidly than the rates we earn on loans. Our interest rate risk
has been partially mitigated by the addition of certain derivative financial instruments along with additional floating rate
assets and we believe that our current interest rate position is more neutral, with a bias toward liability sensitivity. There
can be no assurance that such derivatives will remain effective in such mitigation nor that our interest rate position will
remain as is and be appropriate in our operating environment.
As a result of our historical focus on the origination of multi-family residential mortgage loans, commercial
business loans and commercial real estate mortgage loans, most of our loans are adjustable rate, however, many adjust at
periods of five to 10 years. In addition, we have certain investment securities and mortgage-backed securities that have
fixed interest rates and are classified as available for sale. As is the case with many financial institutions, our emphasis on
increasing the generation of core deposits, those with no stated maturity date, has resulted in our interest-bearing liabilities
having a shorter duration than our interest-earning assets. This imbalance can create significant earnings volatility because
interest rates change over time. As interest rates increase, our cost of funds generally increases more rapidly than the
yields on a substantial portion of our interest-earning assets. In addition, the estimated fair value of our fixed-rate assets,
such as our securities portfolios, would decline (and our unrealized gains on such assets would ordinarily decrease and
unrealized losses would ordinarily increase) if interest rates increased. However, the derivative portfolio increases in fair
value as interest rates increase, partially mitigating the effects of such increases on other securities.
Prevailing interest rates also affect the extent to which borrowers repay and refinance loans. In a declining interest
rate environment, the number of loan prepayments and loan refinancing may increase, as well as prepayments of mortgage-
backed securities. Call provisions associated with our investment in U.S. government agency and corporate securities may
also adversely affect yield in a declining interest rate environment. Such prepayments and calls may adversely affect the
yield of our loan and securities portfolios as we reinvest the prepaid funds in a lower interest rate environment. However,
we typically receive additional loan fees when existing loans are refinanced, which partially offset the reduced yield on
our loan portfolio resulting from prepayments. In periods of low interest rates, our level of core deposits also may decline
if depositors seek higher-yielding instruments or other investments not offered by us, which in turn may increase our cost
of funds and decrease our net interest margin to the extent alternative funding sources are utilized. An increasing interest
rate environment would tend to extend the average lives of lower yielding fixed rate mortgages and mortgage-backed
securities, which could adversely affect net interest income. Also, in an increasing interest rate environment, mortgage
loans and mortgage-backed securities may prepay at slower rates than experienced in the past, which could result in a
reduction of prepayment penalty income. Depositors tend to open longer term, higher costing certificates of deposit
accounts which could adversely affect our net interest income if rates were to subsequently decline. Additionally,
46
adjustable-rate mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities generally contain interim and lifetime caps that limit the
amount the interest rate can increase or decrease at repricing dates. Significant increases in prevailing interest rates may
significantly affect demand for loans and the value of the Bank’s collateral. See “— Local Economic Conditions.
Our Lending Activities Involve Risks that May Be Exacerbated Depending on the Mix of Loan Types
At December 31, 2024, our gross loan portfolio was $6,737.8 million, of which 90.0% was loans secured by real
estate. Most of these real estate loans were secured by multi-family residential property ($2,527.2 million), commercial
real estate property ($1,973.1 million) and one-to-four family mixed-use property ($511.2 million), which combined
represented 74.4% of our loan portfolio. Our loan portfolio is concentrated in the New York City metropolitan area.
Multi-family residential, one-to-four family mixed-use property, commercial real estate mortgage loans, commercial
business loans and construction loans, are generally viewed as exposing the lender to a greater risk of loss than fully
underwritten one-to-four family residential mortgage loans and typically involve higher principal amounts per loan. Multi-
family residential, one-to-four family mixed-use property and commercial real estate mortgage loans are typically
dependent upon the successful operation of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property
being the entity’s only asset. If the cash flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may
be impaired. If the borrower defaults, our only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value
may be less than the balance due on the related mortgage loan. We attempt to mitigate this risk by generally requiring a
loan-to-value ratio of no more than 75% at a time the loan is originated, except for one-to-four family residential mortgage
loans, where we require a loan-to value ratio of no more than 80%. Repayment of construction loans is contingent upon
the successful completion and operation of the project. The repayment of commercial business loans is contingent on the
successful operation of the related business. Changes in local economic conditions and government regulations, which
are outside the control of the borrower or lender, also could affect the value of the security for the loan or the future cash
flow of the affected properties. We continually review the composition of our mortgage loan portfolio to manage the risk
in the portfolio.
Failure to Effectively Manage Our Liquidity Could Significantly Impact Our Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
Our liquidity is critical to our ability to operate our business. Our primary sources of liquidity are deposits, both
retail deposits from our branch network including our Internet Branch and brokered deposits, as well as borrowed funds,
primarily wholesale borrowing from the FHLB-NY. Additionally, we have unsecured lines of credit with other commercial
banks. Funds are also provided by the repayment and sale of securities and loans. Our ability to obtain funds are influenced
by many external factors, including but not limited to, local, regional and national economic conditions, the direction of
interest rates and competition for deposits in the markets we serve. Additionally, changes in the FHLB-NY underwriting
guidelines may limit or restrict our ability to borrow effectively. A decline in available funding caused by any of the above
factors could adversely impact our ability to originate loans, invest in securities, meet our expenses, or fulfill our
obligations such as repaying our borrowings or meeting deposit withdrawal demands.
Our Ability to Obtain Brokered Deposits as an Additional Funding Source Could be Limited
We utilize brokered deposits as an additional funding source and to assist in the management of our interest rate
risk. The Bank had $1,319.0 million or 18.4% of total deposits and $1,102.0 million, or 16.2% of total deposits, in brokered
deposit accounts as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At December 31, 2024 approximately $875.8 million
are hedged using interest rate swaps. We have obtained brokered certificates of deposit when the interest rate on these
deposits is below the prevailing interest rate for non-brokered wholesale funding with similar maturities in our market, or
when obtaining them allowed us to extend the maturities of our deposits at favorable rates compared to borrowing funds
with similar maturities, or when we are seeking to extend the maturities of our funding to assist in the management of our
interest rate risk. Brokered certificates of deposit provide a large deposit for us at a lower operating cost as compared to
non-brokered certificates of deposit since we only have one account to maintain versus several accounts with multiple
maturity checks. Unlike non-brokered certificates of deposit where the deposit amount can be withdrawn with a penalty
for any reason, including increasing interest rates, a brokered certificates of deposit can only be withdrawn in the event of
the death or court declared mental incompetence of the depositor. This allows us to better manage the maturity of our
deposits and our interest rate risk. We also at times utilize brokers to obtain money market account deposits. The rate we
pay on brokered money market accounts is similar to the rate we pay on non-brokered money market accounts, and the
47
rate is agreed to in a contract between the Bank and the broker. These accounts are similar to brokered certificates of
deposit accounts in that we only maintain one account for the total deposit per broker, with the broker maintaining the
detailed records of each depositor. Additionally, we place a portion of our government deposits in the IntraFi Network
money market or demand product, allowing us to invest our funds in higher yielding assets without providing collateral.
As of December 31, 2024, total deposit balances include brokered deposits of money market deposits of $73.6 million,
certificates of deposit of $1,094.0 million, NOW deposits of $151.4 million. As of December 31, 2023, total deposit
balances include brokered deposits of money market deposits of $96.6 million, certificates of deposit of $818.3 million,
and NOW deposits of $187.1 million.
FDIC regulations limit brokered deposits. Under the regulations, well-capitalized institutions are not subject to
brokered deposit limitations, while adequately capitalized institutions are able to accept, renew or roll over brokered
deposits only with a waiver from the FDIC and subject to restrictions on the interest rate that can be paid on such deposits.
Undercapitalized institutions are not permitted to accept brokered deposits. Pursuant to the regulation, the Bank, as a well-
capitalized institution, may accept brokered deposits. Should our capital ratios decline, this could limit our ability to
replace brokered deposits when they mature. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank met or exceeded all applicable
requirements to be deemed “well-capitalized” for purposes of these regulations. However, there can be no assurance that
the Bank will continue to meet those requirements. Limitations on the Bank’s ability to accept brokered deposits for any
reason (including limitations on the amount of brokered deposits in total or as a percentage of total assets) could materially
adversely impact our funding costs and liquidity.
The maturity of brokered certificates of deposit could result in a significant funding source maturing at one time.
Should this occur, it might be difficult to replace the maturing certificates with new brokered certificates of deposit or
other wholesale funding. We have used brokers to obtain these deposits which results in depositors with whom we have
no other relationships since these depositors are outside of our market, and there may not be a sufficient source of new
brokered certificates of deposit at the time of maturity. In addition, upon maturity, wholesale funding could require us to
offer some of the highest interest rates in the country to retain the funding, which would negatively impact our earnings.
.
The Markets in Which We Operate Are Highly Competitive
We face intense and increasing competition both in making loans and in attracting deposits. Our market area has
a high density of financial institutions, many of which have greater financial resources, name recognition and market
presence than us, and all of which are our competitors to varying degrees. Particularly intense competition exists for
deposits and in all the lending activities we emphasize. Our competition for loans comes principally from other commercial
banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking companies, insurance companies, finance
companies and credit unions. Management anticipates that competition for mortgage loans will continue to increase in the
future. Our most direct competition for deposits historically has come from savings banks, other commercial banks, savings
and loan associations and credit unions. In addition, we face competition for deposits from products offered by brokerage
firms, insurance companies and other financial intermediaries, such as money market and other mutual funds and annuities.
Consolidation in the banking industry and the lifting of interstate banking and branching restrictions have made it more
difficult for smaller, community-oriented banks, such as us, to compete effectively with large, national, regional and super-
regional banking institutions. Our Internet Branch provides us with access to consumers in markets outside our geographic
branch locations. The internet banking arena exposes us to competition with many larger financial institutions that have
greater financial resources, name recognition and market presence than we do.
Our Results of Operations May Be Adversely Affected by Changes in National, Regional and/or Local Economic
Conditions
Our operating results are affected by national, regional and local economic and competitive conditions, including
changes in market interest rates, the strength of the local economy, government policies and actions of regulatory
authorities. Adverse economic conditions can result in borrowers defaulting on their loans or withdrawing their funds on
deposit at the Bank to meet their financial obligations. A decline in the local, regional or national economy or the New
York City metropolitan area real estate market could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations,
including through decreased demand for loans or increased competition for good loans, increased non-performing loans
and credit losses resulting in additional provisions for credit losses and for losses on real estate owned. Many factors could
48
require additions to our allowance for credit losses in future periods above those currently maintained. These factors
include, but are not limited to: (1) adverse changes in economic conditions and changes in interest rates that may affect
the ability of borrowers to make payments on loans, (2) changes in the financial capacity of individual borrowers,
(3) changes in the local real estate market and the value of our loan collateral, and (4) future review and evaluation of our
loan portfolio, internally or by regulators. The amount of our allowance for credit losses at any time represents good faith
estimates that are susceptible to significant changes due to changes in appraisal values of collateral, national and local
economic conditions, prevailing interest rates and other factors. See “Business — General — Allowance for Credit
Losses” in Item 1 of this Annual Report.
These same factors could cause delinquencies to increase for the mortgages which are the collateral for the
mortgage-backed securities we hold in our investment portfolio. Combining increased delinquencies with liquidity
problems in the market could result in a decline in the market value of our investments in privately issued mortgage-backed
securities. There can be no assurance that a decline in the market value of these investments will not result in other-than-
temporary impairment charges in our financial statements.
Changes in Laws and Regulations Could Adversely Affect Our Business
From time to time, legislation, is enacted or regulations are promulgated that have the effect of increasing the
cost of doing business, limiting or expanding permissible activities or affecting the competitive balance between banks
and other financial institutions. Proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the operations and taxation of
banks and other financial institutions are frequently made in Congress, in the New York legislature and before various
bank regulatory agencies. There can be no assurance as to the impact that any laws, regulations or governmental programs
that may be introduced or implemented in the future will have on the financial markets and the economy, any of which
could adversely affect our business. For a discussion of regulations affecting us, see “Business — Regulation” and
“Business — Federal, State and Local Taxation” in Item 1 of this Annual Report.
Our financial and operational results could be impacted by emerging risk and changes to the regulatory landscape.
We closely monitor and respond to emerging topics that include longer lifespans, income and wealth inequalities,
environmental challenges and opportunities to expand global access to the financial system across all segments of the
population. Updated and changing regulatory and societal environment requirements could impact financial and
operational results.
We currently obtain environmental reports in connection with the underwriting of commercial real estate loans,
and typically obtain environmental reports in connection with the underwriting of multi-family loans. For all other loans,
we obtain environmental reports only if the nature of the current or, to the extent known to us, prior use of the property
securing the loan indicates a potential environmental risk. However, we may not be aware of such uses or risks in any
particular case, and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that real estate acquired by us in foreclosure is free from
environmental contamination nor we will not have any liability with respect thereto.
Changes and uncertainty in United States legislation, policy or regulation regarding climate risk management or
other practices may result in higher regulatory and compliance costs, increased capital expenditures, and changes in
regulations may impact security asset prices, resulting in realized or unrealized losses on our investments. Physical risks
and transitional risks could increase the Company’s cost of doing business and actual or perceived failure to adequately
address expectations of our various stakeholders could lead to a tarnished reputation and loss of customers and clients
Current Conditions in, and Regulation of, the Banking Industry May Have a Material Adverse Effect on Our
Results of Operations
Financial institutions have been the subject of significant legislative and regulatory changes, including the
adoption of The Dodd Frank Act, which imposes a wide variety of regulations affecting us, and may be the subject of
further significant legislation or regulation in the future, none of which is within our control. Significant new laws or
regulations or changes in, or repeals of, existing laws or regulations, including those with respect to federal and state
taxation, may cause our results of operations to differ materially. In addition, the cost and burden of compliance, over
time, have significantly increased and could adversely affect our ability to operate profitably.
The Bank faces several minimum capital requirements imposed by federal regulation. Failure to adhere to these
minimums could limit the dividends the Bank may pay, including the payment of dividends to the Company, and could
49
limit the annual growth of the Bank. Under the Dodd Frank Act, banks with assets greater than $100.0 billion in total
assets are required to complete stress tests, which predict capital levels under certain stress levels. See “Regulation.” The
Bank is subject to extensive supervision, regulation, and examination by the NYDFS, as its chartering agency, the FDIC,
as its insurer of deposits, and to a lesser extent the CFPB under the Dodd-Frank Act. The Company is subject to similar
regulation and oversight by the Federal Reserve Bank. Such regulations limit the manner in which the Company and Bank
conduct business, undertake new investments and activities and obtain financing. The regulatory structure also provides
the regulatory authorities extensive discretion in connection with their supervisory and enforcement activities and
examination policies, including policies with respect to capital levels, the classification of assets and the establishment of
adequate loan loss reserves for regulatory purposes. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could subject
the Company and Bank to regulatory enforcement action that could result in the assessment of significant civil money
penalties against the Company and/or the Bank.
The FDIC regulations are designed primarily for the protection of the deposit insurance fund and the Bank’s
depositors, and not to benefit the Company, the Bank, or its creditors.
The fiscal and monetary policies of the federal government and its agencies could have a material adverse effect
on the Company’s results of operations. The Federal Reserve regulates the supply of money and credit in the United
States. Changes in Federal Reserve or governmental policies are beyond the Company’s control and difficult to predict;
consequently, the impact of these changes on the Company’s activities and results of operations is also difficult to predict.
See “Changes in Interest Rates may impact our Financial Condition and Results of Operations” Risk Factor in this Form
10-K.
A Failure in or Breach of Our Operational or Security Systems or Infrastructure, or Those of Our Third Party
Vendors and Other Service Providers, Including as a Result of Cyber-attacks, Could Disrupt Our Business, Result
in the Disclosure or Misuse of Confidential or Proprietary Information, Damage Our Reputation, Increase Our
Costs and Cause Losses
We depend upon our ability to process, record, and monitor our client transactions on a continuous basis. As
client, public and regulatory expectations regarding operational and information security have increased, our operational
systems and infrastructure must continue to be safeguarded and monitored for potential failures, disruptions and
breakdowns. Our business, financial, accounting and data processing systems, or other operating systems and facilities,
may stop operating properly or become disabled or damaged as a result of a number of factors, including events that are
wholly or partially beyond our control. For example, there could be electrical or telecommunications outages; natural
disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes and floods; disease pandemics; events arising from local or larger
scale political or social matters, including terrorist acts; and, as described below, cyber-attacks. Although we have business
continuity plans and other safeguards in place, our business operations may be adversely affected by significant and
widespread disruption to our physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our business and clients.
Information security risks for financial institutions have generally increased in recent years in part because of the
proliferation of new technologies, the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial
transactions, and the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists, activists, and other
external parties. Threat actor organizations are becoming more formal and now frequently include specialized
“departments” within an organization. These “departments” may act together to sell access to interested parties, which
install malware and infiltrating data. This increases cybersecurity risk as indicators of an attack may spread across multiple
detection platforms and originate from disparate sources. Our business relies on our digital technologies, computer and
email systems, software, and networks to conduct its operations. In addition, to access our products and services, our
clients may use personal smartphones, tablet PC’s, personal computers and other devices that are beyond our control
systems. Although we have information security procedures and controls in place, our technologies, systems, and
networks, and our clients’ devices, may become the target of cyberattacks or information security breaches that could
result in the unauthorized release, gathering, monitoring, misuse, loss, or destruction of our or our clients’ confidential,
proprietary, and other information, or otherwise disrupt our or our clients’ or other third parties’ business operations. We
may be subject to increasingly more risk related to cybersecurity for our Internet Branch as we expand our suite of online
direct banking products, acquire new or outsource some of our business operations, expand our internal usage of web-
based products and applications, and otherwise attempt to keep pace with rapid technological changes in the financial
services industry.
50
We rely on external infrastructure, proprietary information technology and third-party systems and services to
conduct business, including customer service, marketing and sales activities, customer relationship management,
producing financial statements and technology/data centers. In addition, we store and process confidential and proprietary
business information on both company-owned and third-party and/or vendor managed systems, including cloud service
providers. We increasingly rely on the internet in order to conduct business and may be adversely impacted by outages in
critical infrastructure such as electric grids, undersea cables, satellites or other communications used by us or our third
parties. This reliance includes consumer access to the internet and communications systems due to more work taking place
outside of corporate locations. A security breach in the systems of our third-party service providers can create a gateway
for unauthorized access to our network, potentially compromising the integrity and confidentiality of our data and systems.
The failure of our or any third party’s information technology, infrastructure or other internal and external systems, for
any reason, could disrupt our operations, result in the loss of business and adversely impact our profitability. Any
compromise of the security of our or any third party’s systems that results in the disclosure of personally identifiable
customer or employee information could damage our reputation, deter customers from purchasing or using our products
and services, expose us to litigation, increase regulatory scrutiny and require us to incur significant technical, legal and
other expenses. We may also be adversely impacted by successful cyberattacks of our partners, third-party vendors and
others in our supply chain with whom we conduct business or share information.
Financial services companies are regularly targeted by cyber criminals, resulting in unauthorized access to
confidential information, theft of funds from online accounts, disruption or degradation of service or other damage. These
attacks may take a variety of forms, including web application attacks, denial of service attacks, ransomware, other
malware, and social engineering, including phishing. As automation and machine intelligence technologies progress,
attackers are adopting this technology to speed up their reconnaissance and attacks while reducing their costs. This
improved efficiency and tooling means that a lower-skilled adversary is able to perform more attacks at a higher complexity
level than in the past. Economic and political instability offers a fertile ground for adversaries to recruit new talent. This
could be either people looking for financial gains amid job losses and high inflation, politically motivated actors driven by
state conflicts or internal political unrest, or other personal reasons. In addition, the reengineering and reuse of prior attack
methodologies is made easier by advances in these technologies.
Information security incidents may also occur due to the failure to control access to, and use of, sensitive systems
or information by our workforce. Employee risk exposure remains high as cybersecurity awareness training must be
continuously refined and updated as technology advances and threat actors become increasingly more sophisticated.
Additionally, there is a potential increase in this threat due to the increase in remote work. The failure of our controls
(such as policies, procedures, security controls and monitoring, automation and backup plans) designed to prevent, or limit
the effect of, failure, inadvertent use or abuse could result in disruptions or breaches beyond our control. Although to date
we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches, there can be
no assurance that we will not suffer such losses in the future. Our risk and exposure to these matters remains heightened
because of the evolving nature of these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement
of our controls, processes and practices designed to protect our systems, computers, software, data and networks from
attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a focus for us. As technology evolves, we can increase our ability to detect
and prevent cyber-attacks through automation and the implementation of security controls which leverage machine
learning and artificial intelligence. As threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend additional resources to
continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and remediate information security vulnerabilities.
Additionally, information security vulnerabilities can pose increased cyber-risk as they can be combined and chained
together more easily with machine learning technology.
Disruptions or failures in the physical infrastructure or operating systems that support our business and clients,
or cyberattacks or security breaches of the networks, systems or devices that our clients use to access our products and
services could result in significant legal and financial exposure, client attrition, regulatory fines, penalties or intervention,
reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs and/or additional compliance costs, a loss of confidence
in the security of our systems, any of which may not be covered by insurance and could materially and adversely affect
our financial condition or results of operations.
Operational risks, including risks associated with Flushing Bank’s dependence on its operational systems, its
ability to maintain appropriately staffed workforces and the competence, integrity, health and safety of its employees, are
of primary concern. The legal and regulatory risks related to safeguarding personal information and the harm that could
be caused by a successful cyber-attack affecting Flushing Bank are proactively monitored and addressed according to
51
current regulations and bank policies. Additionally, Flushing Bank monitors and addresses risks associated with its risk
management framework and its models and estimations with monthly reports to the board of directors. Flushing Bank
coordinates these activities to ensure that potential adverse effects of failing to comply with heightened regulatory and
other standards for the oversight of the cyber and risk management programs are significantly reduced.
Changes in Cybersecurity or Privacy Regulations may Increase our Compliance Costs, Limit Our Ability to Gain
Insight from Data and Lead to Increased Scrutiny
We collect, process, store, share, disclose and use information from and about our customers, plan participants
and website and application users, including personal information and other data. Any actual or perceived failure by us to
comply with our privacy policies, privacy-related obligations to customers or third parties, data disclosure and consent
obligations or privacy or security-related legal obligations may result in governmental enforcement actions, litigation, or
public statements critical of us. Such actual or perceived failures could also cause our customers to lose trust in us, which
could have an adverse effect on our business.
Restrictions on data collection and use may limit opportunities to gain business insights useful to running our
business and offering innovative products and services.
We are subject to numerous federal, state, and international regulations regarding the privacy and security of
personal information. These laws vary widely by jurisdiction. Applicable regulations include the NYDFS 23 NYCRR Part
500 Cybersecurity Requirements for Financial Services Companies, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Title V Subtitle A- Safeguards
Rule, FDIC Part 364 Appendix B- Interagency Guidelines Establishing Information Security Standards and other
regulations. See “Regulation – Cybersecurity.” Similar legislation continues to be enacted around the world with
requirements and protections specific to data security requirements, notification requirements for data breaches, the right
to access personal data and the right to be forgotten. For example, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC require a banking
organization to notify its primary federal regulator within 36 hours after identifying a “computer-security incident” that
the banking organization believes in good faith could materially disrupt, degrade or impair its business or operations in a
manner that would, among other things, jeopardize the viability of its operations, result in customers being unable to access
their deposit and other accounts, result in a material loss of revenue, profit or franchise value, or pose a threat to the
financial stability of the United States.
We May Experience Increased Delays in Foreclosure Proceedings
Foreclosure proceedings face increasing delays. While we cannot predict the ultimate impact of any delay in
foreclosure sales, we may be subject to additional borrower and non-borrower litigation and governmental and regulatory
scrutiny related to our past and current foreclosure activities. Delays in foreclosure sales, including any delays beyond
those currently anticipated could increase the costs associated with our mortgage operations and make it more difficult for
us to prevent losses in our loan portfolio.
Our Inability to Hire or Retain Key Personnel Could Adversely Affect Our Business
Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to retain and attract key personnel. We face intense competition
from commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loan associations, mortgage banking companies, insurance companies,
finance companies and credit unions. As a result, it could prove difficult to retain and attract key personnel. The inability
to hire or retain key personnel may result in the loss of customer relationships and may adversely affect our financial
condition or results of operations.
We Are Not Required to Pay Dividends on Our Common Stock
Holders of shares of our common stock are only entitled to receive such dividends as our Board of Directors may
declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Although we have historically declared cash dividends on our
common stock, we are not required to do so and may reduce or eliminate our common stock dividend in the future. A
reduction or elimination of our common stock dividend could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
52
Our Financial Results May be Adversely Impacted by Global Climate Changes
Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases have increased dramatically since the
industrial revolution, resulting in a gradual increase in average global temperatures and an increase in the frequency and
severity of weather patterns and natural disasters. These trends are expected to continue in the future and have the potential
to impact nearly all sectors of the economy to varying degrees. We cannot predict the long-term impacts of climate change,
but we will continue to monitor new developments in the future.
Potential impacts may include the following:
•
Changes in temperatures and air quality may adversely impact the health, welfare, economic and other prospects
of customers in our target markets. For example, increases in the level of pollution and airborne allergens in local
industrial areas may cause an increase in upper respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Such impacts may
adversely change the long-term prospects for the communities we serve and the investing and banking services
these communities seek.
•
Climate change may impact asset prices, as well as general economic conditions. For example, rising sea levels
may lead to decreases in real estate values in at-risk areas. Additionally, government policies to slow climate
change (e.g., setting limits on carbon emissions) may have an adverse impact on sectors such as utilities,
transportation and manufacturing. Changes in asset prices may impact the value of our fixed income, real estate
and commercial mortgage investments. Although we seek to manage our investment risks by maintaining a
diversified portfolio and monitor our investments on an ongoing basis, allowing us to adjust our exposure to
sectors and/or geographical areas that face severe risks due to climate change, there can be no assurances that our
efforts will be successful.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 1C. Cybersecurity.
Overview
The Company maintains comprehensive information technology and cybersecurity programs which encompass
policies, procedures, assessments, monitoring, response plans, and testing to ensure technical, administrative, and physical
controls are effective.
The Bank’s Incident Response and Business Continuity Programs are inclusive of cyber resiliency, business
continuity and disaster recover strategies to help mitigate the impact of a cybersecurity incident across all business lines.
Management Role and Board Oversight
The cybersecurity programs are supervised by the Bank’s Chief Information Security Officer (“CISO”) reporting
to the Chief Risk Officer (“CRO”) and dotted line to the Chief Information Officer. The Chief Risk Officer has reporting
responsibility to the Board’s Risk and Compliance Committee while the Chief Information Officer has reporting
responsibility to the Board’s Information Technology Committee. The Risk and Compliance Committee consists of eight
directors, seven of whom are independent, while the Information Technology Committee consists of three directors, two
of whom are independent and members of the Risk and Compliance Committee. The Company Board includes members
who have expertise in cybersecurity, fraud, and risk management. Cybersecurity risks are primarily assessed, monitored,
and remediated by the CISO who has a Ph.D. in Information Technology with a concentration in Information Assurance
and experience in the information technology and cybersecurity fields and maintains advanced cybersecurity centric
certifications. The CISO’s knowledge and experience in the cybersecurity field are key to executing our cybersecurity
program. Our CISO oversees proactive initiatives, remediation plans of known risks, compliance with regulations and
standards and disaster recovery, business continuity, and incident response efforts. Additionally, the Bank’s CRO who
leads the management risk function, has extensive experience in risk management.
53
The cybersecurity programs include a cross-function team of trained internal and external information security
professionals, all of whom are required to maintain industry accredited certifications. We have an Incident Response Team
chaired by our Chief Operating Officer that is comprised of executive management and designated managers, including
the CISO. The purpose of our incident response plan is to manage incidents, including information security incidents,
efficiently and effectively to minimize loss and destruction, mitigate weaknesses, restore services, notify customers, as
required by law, comply with regulatory requirement and any third-party obligations.
The CISO and CRO play a pivotal role in informing the Board of all cybersecurity risks. These positions provide
comprehensive updates to the Risk Management Committee of the Board, at least quarterly. The briefings combine a
range of updates, including the cybersecurity program, emerging risks, and risk reporting. The CISO and CRO also provide
a monthly overview of the cybersecurity landscape to the Board of Directors.
Managing Material Risks and Integrated Overall Risk Management
The Company maintains documented processes, procedures, and controls for assessing, identifying, and
managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. Cybersecurity threats are identified utilizing risk assessments,
detection tools, information gathering and performing internal, external, and third-party contracted security assessments.
Cybersecurity Threats
To assess and manage cybersecurity threats, the Company maintains an Incident Response Team comprised of
members from the major business areas in the Company to ensure appropriate subject matter specialists are represented.
All cybersecurity events include a determination of whether the incident has materially affected or is reasonably likely to
materially affect the Company’s business strategy, results of operations or financial condition by following implemented
processes.
The Company has not identified any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected operations or financial
position.
Oversee Third-Party Risk
The Company has processes to oversee and identify material risks from reported cybersecurity threats from any
third-party service providers or vendors. The Company’s vendor management program requires initial due diligence, on-
going monitoring, and annual recertification of third-party cybersecurity controls.
Cybersecurity Risks
Management and the Board of Directors acknowledge that technology systems, managed both by the Company
and third-party service providers, are critical to business operations and therefore require appropriate risk management.
Engagement with Third Parties on Risk Management
Cybersecurity is an integral part of the risk management program, which is supported through the use of
consultants, auditors and other third-parties who assist with reviewing and validating the effectiveness of cybersecurity
controls. Our internal audit function actively participates and engages with those managing the cybersecurity program to
validate the effectiveness of implemented safeguards. Our external audit results are reviewed and reported in our annual
filing and to the Board Audit Committee. Additionally, the Company and the Bank are regulated entities and undergo
regulatory reviews to ensure the Company and the Bank are in compliance will all appropriate standards.
Item 2. Properties.
As of December 31, 2024, the Bank conducted its business through 28 full-service offices and its Internet Branch.
The Company neither owns nor leases any property but instead uses the premises and equipment of the Bank.
54
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business which, in the aggregate,
involve amounts which are believed by management to be immaterial to our financial condition, results of operations and
cash flows.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities.
The Holding Company’s Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market® under the symbol
“FFIC.” As of December 31, 2024, we had approximately 796 shareholders of record, not including the number of persons
or entities holding stock in nominee or street name through various brokers and banks.
The following table sets forth information regarding the shares of common stock repurchased by us during the
quarter ended December 31, 2024:
Maximum
Total Number of
Number of
Total
Shares Purchased Shares That May
Number
as Part of Publicly Yet Be Purchased
of Shares
Average Price Announced Plans Under the Plans
Period
Purchased
Paid per Share
or Programs
or Programs
October 1 to October 31, 2024
—
—
—
807,964
November 1 to November 30, 2024
—
—
—
807,964
December 1 to December 31, 2024
—
—
—
807,964
Total
—
$
—
—
On July 27, 2021, the Company announced the authorization by the Board of Directors of a common stock
repurchase program, which authorizes the purchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of its common stock. This program was
completed in 2022 and on May 17, 2022, an additional 1,000,000 share authorization was announced. This program was
completed in 2023 and on May 31, 2023, an additional 1,000,000 share authorization was announced. During the year
ended December 31, 2024, the Company did not repurchase any of the Company’s common stock. During the year ended
December 31, 2023, the Company repurchased 786,498 shares of the Company’s common stock at an average cost of
$14.59 per share, respectively. At December 31, 2024, 807,964 shares remained available to be repurchased under the
current stock repurchase program. Stock will be purchased under the current stock repurchase program from time to time,
in the open market or through private transactions subject to market conditions and at the discretion of the management of
the Company. There is no expiration or maximum dollar amount under this authorization.
55
The following table sets forth securities authorized for issuance under all equity compensation plans of the
Company at December 31, 2024:
(c)
Number of securities
remaining available for
(a)
(b)
future issuance under
Number of securities to Weighted-average equity compensation
be issued upon exercise
exercise price of
plans (excluding
of outstanding options, outstanding options, securities reflected in
warrants and rights
warrants and rights
column (a)
Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders
—
$
—
974,000
Equity compensation plans not approved by
security holders
—
—
—
—
$
—
974,000
56
Stock Performance Graph
The following graph shows a comparison of cumulative total stockholder return on the Company’s common stock
since December 31, 2019 with the cumulative total returns of a broad equity market index as well as comparative published
industry indices. The broad equity market index chosen was the Nasdaq Composite and the comparative published industry
indices used were the S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index and the S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index. The
S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index was chosen for inclusion in the Company’s Stock Performance Graph
because the Company believes it provides valuable comparative information reflecting the Company’s geographic peer
group. The S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index was chosen for inclusion in the Company’s Stock Performance Graph because
it uses a broader group of banks and therefore more closely reflects the Company’s size. The Company believes that both
geographic area and size are important factors in analyzing the Company’s performance against its peers. The graph below
reflects historical performance only, which is not indicative of possible future performance of the common stock.
The total return assumes $100 invested on December 31, 2019 and all dividends reinvested through the end of
the Company’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. The performance graph above is based upon closing prices on the
trading date specified.
Period Ending
Index
12/31/19 12/31/20 12/31/21 12/31/22 12/31/23 12/31/24
Flushing Financial Corporation
100.00
81.90
123.92
102.96
93.15
85.99
NASDAQ Composite Index
100.00
144.92
177.06
119.45
172.77 223.87
S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index
100.00
98.90
143.93
105.83
78.90 105.26
S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index 100.00
90.39
114.16
96.42
116.90 162.46
Item 6. Reserved
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
12/31/19
12/31/20
12/31/21
12/31/22
12/31/23
12/31/24
Index Value
Total Return Performance
Flushing Financial Corporation
NASDAQ Composite Index
S&P U.S. MidCap Banks Index
S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Mid-Atlantic Region Index
57
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
As used in this discussion and analysis, the words “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are used to refer to
Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Holding Company”) and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Flushing
Bank (the “Bank”), Flushing Service Corporation and FSB Properties Inc. Discussion and analysis of our 2023 fiscal
year specifically, as well as the year-over-year comparison of our 2023 financial performance to 2022, are located under
Part II, Item 7 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2024, which is
available on our investor relations website at FlushingBank.com and the SEC’s website at sec.gov.
General
We are a Delaware corporation organized in 1994. The Bank was organized in 1929 as a New York State-
chartered mutual savings bank. Today the Bank operates as a full-service New York State commercial bank. The primary
business of the Holding Company has been the operation of the Bank. The Bank owned two subsidiaries: Flushing Service
Corporation, and FSB Properties Inc. The Bank also operates an internet branch, which operates under the brands of
iGObanking® and BankPurely® (the “Internet Branch”). The Bank’s primary regulator is the New York State Department
of Financial Services, and its primary federal regulator is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Bank’s
deposits are insured to the maximum allowable amount by the FDIC.
The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed during 2007 to issue
a total of $60.0 million of capital securities, and $1.9 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities).
The Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance
of these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in
our consolidated financial statements, as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur.
The following discussion of financial condition and results of operations includes the collective results of the
Holding Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”), but reflects principally the Bank’s activities.
Management views the Company as operating as a single unit - a community bank. Therefore, segment information is not
provided.
Overview
Our principal business is attracting retail deposits from the general public and investing those deposits together
with funds generated from ongoing operations and borrowings, primarily in (1) originations and purchases of multi-family
residential properties, commercial business loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-to-
four family (focusing on mixed-use properties, which are properties that contain both residential dwelling units and
commercial units); (2) construction loans; (3) equipment financing loans; (4) Small Business Administration (“SBA”)
loans; (5) mortgage loan surrogates such as mortgage-backed securities; and (6) U.S. government securities, corporate
fixed-income securities and other marketable securities. We also originate certain other consumer loans including overdraft
lines of credit. Our results of operations depend primarily on net interest income, which is the difference between the
income earned on its interest-earning assets and the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is the result
of our interest rate margin, which is the difference between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the
average cost of interest-bearing liabilities, adjusted for the difference in the average balance of interest-earning assets as
compared to the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. We also generate non-interest income from loan fees,
service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage servicing fees, and other fees, income earned on Bank Owned Life Insurance
(“BOLI”), dividends on Federal Home Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) stock and net gains and losses on sales of
securities and loans. Our operating expenses consist principally of employee compensation and benefits, occupancy and
equipment costs, other general and administrative expenses and income tax expense. Our results of operations can also be
significantly affected by our periodic provision for credit losses and specific provision for losses on real estate owned.
Management Strategy. Our strategy is to continue our focus on being an institution serving consumers, businesses,
and governmental units in our local markets. To achieve this objective, we intend to:
•
increase net interest margin and reduce volatility;
58
•
maintain credit discipline;
•
preserve strong liquidity and capital;
•
bend the expense curve;
There can be no assurance that we will be able to effectively implement this strategy. Our strategy is subject to
change by the Board of Directors.
Increase net interest margin and reduce volatility. Our net interest margin is influenced by several factors
including changes in interest rates, customer preferences, product offerings, the mix of interest-earning assets and interest-
bearing liabilities, and competition. With the rapid rise in interest rates by the Federal Reserve in 2022-2023, our net
interest margin was negatively impacted as our funding costs increased faster than our assets. In September 2024, the
Federal Reserve began to cut interest rates, which relieved some of the pressure on funding costs. For the year ended
December 31, 2024, yields on interest-earning assets increased 49 basis points to 5.50% from 5.01% for the same period
in 2023, while the cost of funds increased 59 basis points to 3.50% for 2024 compared to 2.91% for 2023. The faster rise
in the cost of funds versus interest-earning asset yields caused the net interest margin to compress nine basis points to
2.15% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to 2.24% for the same period in 2023. During 2024, the net interest
margin bottomed in July and expanded throughout the remainder of the year.
Structurally, there is a difference in the timing of the pricing of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing
liabilities. In general, loans are either floating (reprice with every rate move by the Federal Reserve or tied to a short term
index like the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), adjustable (usually reprice every five years, but also have
products that reprice every 3 and 7 years), or fixed rate. Approximately $1.3 billion loans or 19.7% of gross loans are
floating at December 31, 2024 and $746.6 million or 11.0% of gross loans are adjustable rate loans due to reprice or fixed
rate loans maturing in 2025. Investment securities are generally either floating or fixed rate. Approximately 78.0% of the
total investment securities portfolio are floating rate. Interest-earning deposits and federal funds sold are generally short
term and at market rates. Deposits can be categorized between maturity deposits, like certificates of deposit (36.9% of
deposits at December 31, 2024), and non-maturity deposits (63.1% of deposits at December 31, 2024), which are
comprised of noninterest bearing accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, and NOW accounts. Maturity
deposits generally reprice at maturity, while non-maturity deposits can reprice at any time. Our borrowed funds are for
varying terms and reprice at maturity. About 86% of our borrowed funds and certificates of deposit are scheduled to mature
in 2025.
Strategically, we are taking actions to reduce the disparity in timing between our assets and liabilities. These
actions primarily consist of reducing the time to repricing for assets and increasing the length of maturities of liabilities.
Specifically for assets, in 2023, we added $500.0 million of pay-fixed swaps to effectively convert a portion of the loan
portfolio to floating rates. Additionally, we have increased our originations of back-to-back swaps, which provide the
customer a fixed rate loan, and the Company a floating rate instrument. During 2024, we also purchased $1,024.7 million
of floating rate securities at an average yield of 6.65%. Regarding liabilities, we continue to focus on noninterest bearing
deposits, which generally have lives that more closely match our assets. Average noninterest bearing deposits declined to
$843.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $867.7 million for the same period in 2023. Due to the
current interest rate environment, noninterest bearing deposit growth is challenging. However, the average balance of
noninterest bearing deposits in the fourth quarter of 2024 was $869.8 million, the highest quarterly average of 2024.
Maintain credit discipline. The Company has a long history of outperforming the industry (as defined by all U.S.
Commercial Banks per S&P Capital IQ) on net charge-offs and noncurrent loans to total loans. From 2001-2024, our
median net charge-offs (“NCOs”) to average loans was four basis points compared to 59 basis points for the industry.
Over the same period, the median noncurrent loans to total loans were 41 basis points for the Company compared to 127
basis points for the industry. Our success is the result of a shared philosophy with our clients: (1) low leverage and strong
cash flows, (2) multigenerational clients who tend to build a portfolio of properties over time, (3) borrowers tend to hold
properties, and (4) we tend to attract clients who are not short term borrowers, who do not require funds on future cash
flows or who aggressively try to convert rent regulated units into market rents. Our underwriting also is a key factor in our
long history of low credit losses. At origination, each real estate loan is stress tested with a rate increase of 200 basis points
and needs to meet minimum debt service coverage requirements. The net operating income of the borrower is adjusted, as
59
appropriate, to reflect current market conditions and updated information is usually received on an annual basis.
Multifamily and commercial real estate, which were 66.8% of total loans at December 31, 2024, had weighted average
debt service coverage ratio of 1.8x. The average loan to value, based on the most recent appraisal, was less than 35.0% for
the entire real estate portfolio, which comprised approximately 90.0% of total loans. Beginning in 2024, the Chief Risk
Officer began evaluating, prior to approval, all loans greater than $2.5 million using an independent model generating a
bond equivalent rating.
Preserve strong liquidity and capital. The Company had strong liquidity and capital. At December 31, 2024, the
Bank has $3.6 billion of undrawn lines and resources, which was 39.4% of total assets. Our uninsured and uncollateralized
deposits were $1.2 billion or 17% of total deposits. Our available liquidity is nearly 3x the level of uninsured and
uncollateralized deposits. Our regulatory capital ratios remained strong and well capitalized with a leverage ratio of 8.04%
at December 31, 2024. Tangible common equity to tangible assets was 7.82% at December 31, 2024, compared to 7.64%
a year ago.
Bend the expense curve. From 2019-2023, noninterest expenses increased at a 5.6% compounded annual growth
rate. The goal for 2024 was to have growth in the low to mid-single digit rate from a base of approximately $151 million.
In 2024, noninterest expense growth was 7.8%. While this growth rate was higher than expected, we saw opportunities to
invest in the business by opening new branches and adding talent, including expanding our SBA lending capabilities.
These investments are expected to improve the profitability of the Company over the long term.
For 2025, we have refined our areas of focus to (1) preserving strong liquidity and capital, (2), maintaining credit
discipline, and (3) improving profitability.
Trends and Contingencies. Our operating results are significantly affected by national, regional and local
economic and competitive conditions, including changes in market interest rates, the strength of the local and regional
economy, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities. We have remained strategically focused on the
origination of multi-family residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and commercial business loans with a full
banking relationship. Because of this strategy, we were able to continue to achieve a higher yield on our mortgage portfolio
than we would have otherwise experienced.
During 2024, loan demand was below expectations and put the earnings at risk. Management, therefore, executed
on a leverage strategy purchasing $944.8 million of securities with an average yield of 6.69%. These securities were
primarily adjustable rate securities. As loan demand returns to historic norms, these securities may be sold to fund loan
growth. The purchase of these adjustable rate securities aided in moving the Company’s interest rate position to more
neutral.
Additionally, during December 2024, the Company issued $70.0 million (gross) of common equity in order to
complete a restructuring transaction of the balance sheet. The Company sold $444.8 million of securities yielding 1.98%,
repositioned the borrowings from the FHLB, and moved $74.0 million of loans to held for sale. In conjunction with these
transactions, a swap related to the investment securities was terminated for a gain of $3.0 million and $382.5 million of
securities yielding 5.67 % were purchased. The net result of these and other transactions was a pre-tax loss of $76.0 million.
Loan originations and purchases were $698.2 million, $818.1 million, and $1,521.9 million for the years ended
December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. While we primarily rely on originating our own loans, we purchased
$173.5 million, $166.3 million, and $275.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022,
respectively. We purchase loans when the loans complement our loan portfolio strategy. Loans purchased must meet our
underwriting standards when they were originated.
During the three-year period ended December 31, 2024, the allocation of our loan portfolio has remained fairly
consistent. The majority of our loans are collateralized by real estate, which comprised 90.0% of our gross loan portfolio
at December 31, 2024 compared to 88.9% at December 31, 2023 and 88.3% at December 31, 2022.
Due to depositors increased $361.0 million, $327.7 million, and $103.7 million during the years ended December
31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The deposit mix is significantly influenced by the current interest rate environment.
Brokered deposits represented 18.4%, 16.2%, and 13.2% of total deposits at December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022,
60
respectively. At December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, reciprocal deposits totaled $753.2 million, $760.3 million, and
$659.5 million, respectively.
Prevailing interest rates affect the extent to which borrowers repay and refinance loans. In a declining interest
rate environment, the number of loan prepayments and loan refinancing tends to increase, as do prepayments of mortgage-
backed securities. Call provisions associated with our investments in U.S. government agency and corporate securities
may also adversely affect yield in a declining interest rate environment. Such prepayments and calls may adversely affect
the yield of our loan portfolio and mortgage-backed and other securities as we reinvest the prepaid funds in a lower interest
rate environment. However, we typically receive additional loan fees when existing loans are refinanced, which partially
offsets the reduced yield on our loan portfolio resulting from prepayments. In periods of low interest rates, our level of
core deposits also may decline if depositors seek higher-yielding instruments or other investments not offered by us, which
in turn may increase our cost of funds and decrease our net interest margin to the extent alternative funding sources, are
utilized. By contrast, an increasing interest rate environment would tend to extend the average lives of lower yielding fixed
rate mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, which could adversely affect net interest income. In addition, depositors
tend to open longer term, higher costing certificates of deposit accounts which could adversely affect our net interest
income if rates were to subsequently decline. Additionally, adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans and mortgage-
backed securities generally contain interim and lifetime caps that limit the amount the interest rate can increase at re-
pricing dates.
Net interest income increased $2.9 million or 1.6% to $182.0 million for the twelve months ended December 31,
2024 from $179.2 million for the prior year, driven by an increase of $449.0 million in the average balance of interest-
earning assets, partially offset by the net interest margin declining nine basis points to 2.15% during the same period. The
growth in interest-earning assets was primarily driven by the implementation of a leverage strategy during 2024 where we
increased our securities portfolio by an average balance of $493.8 million during the twelve months ended December 31,
2024, by purchasing primarily adjustable-rate securities. The decrease in the net interest margin for 2024 was primarily
due to an increase in our funding costs, partially offset by an increase in the yield of our interest-earning assets. During
2024, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 62 basis points to 3.91% from 3.29% for the prior year. The cost of
interest-bearing liabilities continued to rise during 2024 as prior Federal Reserve rate increases continued to negatively
impact our funding costs. Beginning in September 2024, however, the Federal Reserve commenced lowering rates, which
by the end of 2024 had reduced by 100 basis points to a range of 4.25% to 4.50%. Nonetheless, it is possible that, due to
changes in fiscal and economic policies, including tariffs, US economic activity may slow or decrease in 2025, applying
pressure on interest rates going forward.
We are unable to predict the direction or timing of future interest rate changes. Approximately 86% of our
certificates of deposit accounts and borrowings will reprice or mature during the next year.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is the impact on earnings and capital from changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk exists
because our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities may mature or reprice at different times or by different
amounts. We assess interest rate risk by comparing the results of several income and capital simulations scenarios to the
base case compared to scenarios with changes in interest rates, degree of change over time, speed of change, and changes
in the shape of the yield curve. These scenarios have assumptions including loan originations, investment securities
purchases and sales, prepayment rates on loans and investment securities, deposit flows, and mix and pricing decisions.
Asset/Liability Management. Asset/liability management involves assessing, monitoring and managing interest
rate risk. The Asset Liability Investment Committee of the Board of Directors (“Board ALCO”) has primary oversight
responsibility of interest rate risk. The actions and activities of the Board ALCO are dictated by the “ALCO and Investment
Committee Charter of the Company Board of Directors (the “Charter”)”. The Board ALCO has established policy limits
for changes of net interest income and the economic value of equity under various scenarios and liquidity risk limits to
ensure the Company has sufficient liquid assets to meet its short-term obligations, even during periods of financial stress
and is reviewed no less frequently than quarterly. The ALCO policy and oversight is interconnected to the Company’s
capital plan.
The Board ALCO reviews simulations of various interest rate scenarios to assess the potential impact on the
Company’s Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and Consolidated Statements of Operations. The model
61
employed by the Company uses a static balance sheet as of the date the modeling is being generated. The limitation to this
model is that unexpected events may not be captured in the output. The model is validated no less frequently than annually
with the variables in the model subjected to annual stress tests. In addition, the interest rate risk model is back-tested no
less frequently than quarterly to ensure the model remains consistent with actual results. The information from the interest
rate risk modeling allows the Board ALCO to assess the potential impact of interest rate changes on the Company’s
profitability and future earnings.
The interest rate risk scenarios affect the position the Company may take with the pricing of assets and liabilities.
Models are inherently imperfect and subject to assumptions and limitations. The model output is affected by the
data quality and the assumptions used. The Company uses both internal and external inputs into the model. The market
interest rates are obtained from the Federal Reserve WIRP curve and may be adjusted by the management level ALCO
committee (“Management ALCO”); the change in deposit betas is based upon deposit studies completed by an independent
third party; loan prepayment assumptions are based upon internal analysis; loan origination data is Company generated;
and additions to assets and liabilities is derived from the budget or forecast or internally generated projected cash flows.
There was no material change in the source of the data used in our interest rate risk modeling in the current year.
Current economic factors such as interest rate forecasts as changed from period over period may affect the modeling. Key
assumptions include deposit betas and loan origination yields. Deposit betas vary by product and direction of interest rates.
In an upward shock, weighted average deposit betas (based on period end balances) were 70% at December 31, 2024 and
2023. In a downward shock, weighted average deposit betas (based on period end balances) were 61% at December 31,
2024 compared to 62% at December 31, 2023. Loan origination yields vary by product and the weighted average yield
(based on period end loan balances) was 6.99% at December 31, 2024 compared to 7.27% at December 31, 2023.
Management ALCO, which consists of representatives from treasury, finance, business units, and senior
management, oversees the interest rate risk, liquidity risk and capital risk while providing regular reports to the Board
ALCO. These reports quantify the potential changes in net interest income and economic value of equity through various
rate scenarios. The Management ALCO also provides the results of the liquidity stress test prepared by the Chief Risk
Officer, the sensitivity analyses of the interest rate risk model variables, and the capital position of the Company and the
Bank.
Economic Value of Equity Analysis. The Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition have been prepared in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), which require the
measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in
fair value of certain investments due to changes in interest rates. Generally, the fair value of financial investments such as
loans and securities fluctuate inversely with changes in interest rates. As a result, increases in interest rates could result in
decreases in the fair value of the Company’s interest-earning assets which could adversely affect the Company’s results
of operations if such assets were sold, or, in the case of securities classified as available for sale, decreases in the
Company’s stockholders’ equity, if such securities were retained.
The Company quantifies the net portfolio value should interest rates immediately go up or down 100 or 200 basis
points, assuming the yield curves of the rate shocks will be parallel to each other. Net portfolio value is defined as the
market value of assets net of the market value of liabilities. The market value of assets and liabilities is determined using
a discounted cash flow calculation. The net portfolio value ratio is the ratio of the net portfolio value to the market value
of assets. The changes in value are measured as percentage changes from the net portfolio value at the base interest rate
scenario. The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates at December 31, 2024. Various estimates regarding
prepayment assumptions are made at each level of rate shock. At December 31, 2024, the Company was within the
guidelines set forth by the Board of Directors for each interest rate level.
62
The following table presents the Company’s interest rate shock as of December 31:
Projected Percentage Change In
Net Portfolio Value (NPV)
Net Portfolio Value Ratio
December 31,
December 31,
December 31,
December 31,
Change in Interest Rate
2024
2023
2024
2023
-200 Basis points
2.9 %
(1.8) %
9.0 %
7.4 %
-100 Basis points
1.2
(0.9)
9.0
7.6
Base interest rate
-
-
9.0
7.8
+100 Basis points
(5.0)
(3.5)
8.7
7.7
+200 Basis points
(10.9)
(6.7)
8.3
7.6
Income Simulation Analysis. The Company manages the mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing
liabilities on a continuous basis to maximize return and adjust its exposure to interest rate risk. The starting point for the
net interest income simulation is an estimate of the next twelve months’ net interest income assuming that both interest
rates and the Company’s interest-sensitive assets and liabilities remain at period-end levels. The report quantifies the
potential changes in net interest income should interest rates go up or down 100 or 200 basis points (shocked), assuming
the yield curves of the rate shocks will be parallel to each other. All changes in income are measured as percentage changes
from the projected net interest income at the base interest rate scenario. The base interest rate scenario assumes interest
rates at December 31, 2024 and 2023. Prepayment penalty income is excluded from this analysis. Actual results could
differ significantly from these estimates. At December 31, 2024, the Company was within the guidelines set forth by the
Board of Directors for each interest rate level.
The following table presents the Company’s interest rate shock as of December 31:
Projected Percentage Change in Net Interest Income
Change in Interest Rate
2024
2023
-200 Basis points
0.5 %
(0.4) %
-100 Basis points
0.1
(0.1)
Base interest rate
-
-
+100 Basis points
(4.8)
(2.6)
+200 Basis points
(10.4)
(5.4)
Another net interest income simulation assumes that changes in interest rates change gradually in equal
increments over the twelve-month period. Prepayment penalty income is excluded from this analysis. Based on these
assumptions, net interest income would be reduced by 5.4% from a 200 basis point increase in rates over the next twelve
months and increase by 0.5% from a 200 basis point decrease in rates over the same period. Actual results could differ
significantly from these estimates.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had a derivative portfolio with a notional value totaling $2.5
billion. This portfolio is designed to provide protection against rising interest rates. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial
Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
A portion of this portfolio is comprised of cash flow hedges on certain short-term advances and brokered deposits
totaling $950.8 million at December 31, 2024. At December 31, 2024, $875.8 million of the cash flow hedges are effective
swaps at a weighted average rate of 2.46% compared to $775.8 million at 2.39% at December 31, 2023. Of the $950.8
million outstanding at December 31, 2024, $225.0 million at an average rate of 0.67% will mature during the second
quarter of 2025, and will be partially replaced by forward starting cash flow hedges totaling $75.0 million at an average
rate of 3.01%.
63
Analysis of Net Interest Income
Net interest income represents the difference between income on interest-earning assets and expense on interest-
bearing liabilities. Net interest income depends upon the relative amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing
liabilities and the interest rate earned or paid on them.
The following table sets forth certain information relating to our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
and Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, and reflects the
average yield on assets and average cost of liabilities for the periods indicated. Such yields and costs are derived by
dividing income or expense by the average balance of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods shown. Average
balances are derived from average daily balances. The yields include amortization of fees that are considered adjustments
to yields.
For the year ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
Average
Yield/
Average
Yield/
Average
Yield/
Balance
Interest Cost
Balance
Interest
Cost
Balance
Interest
Cost
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Loans held for sale
$
192
$
7
3.65 % $
—
$
—
— % $
—
$
—
— %
Mortgage loans, net (1)(2)
5,346,975
291,437
5.45
5,328,067
267,178
5.01
5,253,104
228,065
4.34
Other loans, net (1)(2)
1,420,424
84,134
5.92
1,517,282
88,170
5.81
1,488,486
65,222
4.38
Total loans, net
6,767,399
375,571
5.55
6,845,349
355,348
5.19
6,741,590
293,287
4.35
Taxable securities:
Mortgage-backed securities
765,700
37,485
4.90
442,228
11,505
2.60
573,314
9,414
1.64
Other securities
655,428
40,230
6.14
485,118
24,700
5.09
324,112
9,771
3.01
Total taxable securities
1,421,128
77,715
5.47
927,346
36,205
3.90
897,426
19,185
2.14
Tax-exempt securities: (3)
Other securities
65,245
1,887
2.89
66,533
1,923
2.89
64,822
2,197
3.39
Total tax-exempt securities
65,245
1,887
2.89
66,533
1,923
2.89
64,822
2,197
3.39
Interest-earning deposits and federal funds sold
218,829
10,578
4.83
184,565
8,405
4.55
131,816
2,418
1.83
Total interest-earning assets
8,472,793
465,758
5.50
8,023,793
401,881
5.01
7,835,654
317,087
4.05
Other assets
481,698
477,771
471,483
Total assets
$ 8,954,491
$ 8,501,564
$ 8,307,137
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Deposits:
Savings accounts
$ 102,843
472
0.46
$ 121,102
520
0.43
$ 153,605
211
0.14
NOW accounts
1,965,774
75,683
3.85
1,937,974
64,191
3.31
1,976,238
15,353
0.78
Money market accounts
1,699,869
67,992
4.00
1,754,059
58,898
3.36
2,191,768
19,039
0.87
Certificates of deposit accounts
2,604,817
100,235
3.85
2,091,677
64,844
3.10
1,031,024
12,547
1.22
Total due to depositors
6,373,303
244,382
3.83
5,904,812
188,453
3.19
5,352,635
47,150
0.88
Mortgagors' escrow accounts
82,095
254
0.31
81,015
202
0.25
80,021
135
0.17
Total interest-bearing deposits
6,455,398
244,636
3.79
5,985,827
188,655
3.15
5,432,656
47,285
0.87
Borrowings
795,348
38,715
4.87
776,050
33,670
4.34
1,012,149
25,725
2.54
Total interest-bearing liabilities
7,250,746
283,351
3.91
6,761,877
222,325
3.29
6,444,805
73,010
1.13
Non interest-bearing demand deposits
843,151
867,667
1,019,090
Other liabilities
189,808
196,869
170,500
Total liabilities
8,283,705
7,826,413
7,634,395
Equity
670,786
675,151
672,742
Total liabilities and equity
$ 8,954,491
$ 8,501,564
$ 8,307,137
Net interest income / net interest rate spread (4)
$ 182,407
1.59 %
$ 179,556
1.72 %
$ 244,077
2.92 %
Net interest-earning assets / net interest margin
(5)
$ 1,222,047
2.15 % $ 1,261,916
2.24 % $ 1,390,849
3.11 %
Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-
bearing liabilities
1.17 X
1.19 X
1.22 X
(1)
Average balances include non-accrual loans.
(2)
Loan interest income includes net loan fee income (which includes net amortization of deferred fees and costs, late charges, and prepayment
penalties) of approximately $1.0 million, $0.8 million, and $7.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
(3)
Interest and yields are calculated on the tax equivalent basis using statutory federal income tax rate of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2024,
2023, and 2022.
(4)
Interest rate spread represents the difference between the average rate on interest-earning assets and the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities.
(5)
Net interest margin represents net interest income before the provision for credit losses divided by average interest-earning assets.
64
Rate/Volume Analysis
The following table presents the impact of changes in interest rates and in the volume of interest-earning assets
and interest-bearing liabilities on the Company’s interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated.
Information is provided in each category with respect to (1) changes attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume
multiplied by the prior rate), (2) changes attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by the prior volume)
and (3) the net change. The changes attributable to the combined impact of volume and rate have been allocated
proportionately to the changes due to volume and the changes due to rate.
Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income for the years ended December 31,
2024 vs. 2023
2023 vs. 2022
Due to
Due to
Volume
Rate
Net
Volume
Rate
Net
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest-Earning Assets:
Loans held for sale
$
—
$
7
$
7
$
—
$
—
$
—
Mortgage loans, net
942
23,317
24,259
3,309
35,804
39,113
Other loans, net
(5,687)
1,651
(4,036)
1,283
21,665
22,948
Mortgage-backed securities
11,759
14,221
25,980
(2,505)
4,596
2,091
Other securities
9,782
5,748
15,530
6,243
8,686
14,929
Tax-Exempt securities
(36)
—
(36)
57
(331)
(274)
Interest-earning deposits and federal
funds sold
1,632
541
2,173
1,270
4,717
5,987
Total interest-earning assets
18,392
45,485
63,877
9,657
75,137
84,794
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:
Deposits:
Savings accounts
(82)
34
(48)
(54)
363
309
NOW accounts
929
10,563
11,492
(303)
49,141
48,838
Money market accounts
(1,864)
10,958
9,094
(4,519)
44,378
39,859
Certificates of deposit accounts
17,818
17,573
35,391
20,936
31,361
52,297
Mortgagors' escrow accounts
3
49
52
2
65
67
Borrowings
854
4,191
5,045
(7,056)
15,001
7,945
Total interest-bearing liabilities
17,658
43,368
61,026
9,006
140,309
149,315
Net change in net interest income
$
734
$ 2,117
$ 2,851
$
651
$ (65,172)
$ (64,521)
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
General. Net (loss) income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was ($31.3) million, a decrease of
$57.4 million, or 200.3%, compared to $28.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. Diluted (loss)
earnings per common share was ($1.05) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, a decrease of $2.01 per common
share, or 209.4%, from $0.96 per common share for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023. During 2024, the
Company took several actions to improve future profitability and strengthen the balance sheet, including raising $65.5
million, net of expenses of common stock, selling approximately $444.8 million of securities yielding 1.98%, purchasing
$382.5 million of securities yielding 5.67%, terminating $200.0 million of a related investment securities swap for a $3.0
million gain, prepaying $251.1 million of long-term FHLB advances at a weighted average rate of 4.82%, incurring a
prepayment penalty of $2.6 million, replacing this with short-term funding at a rate of 4.54%, and moving $73.9 million
of loans with a weighted average coupon of 3.91% to held for sale recording a valuation allowance of $3.8 million. The
net result of these transactions (together collectively referred to as the “restructuring transaction”) totaled $76.0 million
pre-tax or $53.0 million and $(1.70) per share after-tax.
Return on average equity decreased to (4.67%) for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, from 4.25% for
the comparable prior year period. Return on average assets decreased to (0.35%) for the twelve months ended December
31, 2024 from 0.34% for the comparable prior year period.
65
Interest Income. Interest income increased $63.9 million, or 15.9%, to $465.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2024 from $401.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in interest income was
primarily due to an increase of 49 basis points in the yield of interest-earning assets to 5.50% for the year ended December
31, 2024 from 5.01% for the year ended December 31, 2023, coupled with an increase of $449.0 million in the average
balance of interest-earning assets to $8,472.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 from $8,023.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 2023. The 49 basis point increase in the yield of interest-earning assets was primarily due to
increases of 36 basis points, 152 basis points and 28 basis points in the yield of total loan, net, total securities and interest-
earning deposits and federal funds sold, respectively. Excluding prepayment penalty income from loans and securities, net
recoveries/(reversals) of interest from non-accrual loans, net gains from fair value adjustments on hedges, swap termination
fees and purchase accounting adjustments, the yield on total loans, net, increased 40 basis points to 5.48% for the year
ended December 31, 2024 from 5.08% for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Interest Expense. Interest expense increased $61.0 million, or 27.4% to $283.4 million for the year ended
December 31, 2024 from $222.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in interest expense was
primarily due to an increase of 62 basis points in the average cost of interest-bearing liabilities to 3.91% for the year ended
December 31, 2024 from 3.29% for the year ended December 31, 2023, coupled with an increase of $488.9 million in the
average balance of interest-bearing liabilities to $7,250.7 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 from
$6,761.9 million for the comparable prior year period.
Net Interest Income. Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2024 totaled $182.0 million, an increase
of $2.9 million, or 1.6% from $179.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in net interest income
was driven by an increase of $449.0 million in the average balance of interest-earning assets, partially offset by the net
interest margin declining nine basis points to 2.15% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the prior year
period. Included in net interest income was prepayment penalty income and net recoveries/(reversals) loans and securities
totaling $3.5 million and $2.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, net gains (losses)
from fair value adjustments on hedges and swap termination fees totaling $3.5 million and $3.3 million for the years ended
December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and purchase accounting income of $0.8 million and $1.5 million for the years
ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Excluding all of these items, the net interest margin for the year ended
December 31, 2024 was 2.06%, a decrease of nine basis points, from 2.15% for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Provision for Credit Losses. Provision for credit losses was $9.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024,
compared to $10.5 million during the comparable prior year period. The provision recorded in 2024 was driven by
increased reserves on several commercial business and real estate multi-family loans. The provision recorded in 2023 was
driven by fully reserving for two non-accrual commercial business loans and increasing reserves for the elevated risk
presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-rate loan’s debt coverage ratios. During the year ended December
31, 2024, non-performing loans increased $8.1 million to $33.3 million from $25.2 million at December 31, 2023. During
the year ended December 31, 2024, the Bank recorded net charge-offs totaling $7.7 million compared to $10.8 million
recorded in the comparable prior year period. The average loan-to-value ratio for our non-performing assets collateralized
by real estate was 57.2% at December 31, 2024. The Bank continues to maintain conservative underwriting standards.
Non-Interest (Loss) Income. Non-interest (loss) income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was
($57.4) million, a decrease of $80.0 million, or 354.3% from $22.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31,
2023. Non-interest income decreased primarily due to the sale of securities associated with the restructuring transaction.
Non-Interest Expense. Non-interest expense was $163.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, an
increase of $9.3 million, or 6.1% from $151.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in non-interest
expense was primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits related to increased staffing, FDIC insurance
premiums and other operating expenses.
Income Tax Provision (Benefit). Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2024 decreased $28.1
million, or 251.6% to a benefit of ($16.9) million, compared to $11.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The
decrease was primarily due to the decline in income before income taxes relating to the restructuring transaction. The
effective tax rate was 35.1% for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to 28.0% in the prior year.
66
Liquidity, Regulatory Capital and Capital Resources
Liquidity and Capital Resources. Liquidity is the ability to economically meet current and future financial
obligations. The Company’s primary objectives in terms of managing liquidity is to maintain the ability to originate and
purchase loans, repay borrowings as they mature, satisfy financial obligations that arise in the normal course of business
and meet our customer’s deposit withdrawal needs. Our primary sources of funds are deposits, borrowings, principal and
interest payments on loans, mortgage-backed and other securities, and proceeds from sales of securities and loans. Deposit
flows and mortgage prepayments, however, are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and
competition. The Company has other sources of liquidity, including unsecured overnight lines of credit, brokered deposits
and other types of borrowings. During 2024, the FHLB-NY reduced the available lines to all its member banks from 45%
of total assets to 30% of total assets. To offset the FHLB-NY policy change, the Company expanded its line with the
Federal Reserve. At December 31, 2024, the Company had $3.6 billion in combined available liquidity through cash lines
with the FHLB-NY, Federal Reserve, and other commercial banks as well as unencumbered securities compared to $4.1
billion at December 31, 2023.
The following tables present the Company’s available liquidity by source at the periods indicated below:
At December 31, 2024
Total
Amount
Net
Available
Used
Availability
(In millions)
Internal Sources:
Unencumbered Securities
$
954.3
$
—
$
954.3
Interest Earnings Deposits
57.4
—
57.4
External Sources:
Federal Home Loan Bank
2,730.3
2,034.7
695.6
Federal Reserve Bank
1,528.9
—
1,528.9
Other Banks
379.0
50.0
329.0
Total Liquidity
$
5,649.9
$
2,084.7
$
3,565.2
At December 31, 2023
Total
Amount
Net
Available
Used
Availability
(In millions)
Internal Sources:
Unencumbered Securities
$
508.3
$
—
$
508.3
Interest Earnings Deposits
71.2
—
71.2
External Sources:
Federal Home Loan Bank
3,808.6
1,599.5
2,209.1
Federal Reserve Bank
298.0
100.0
198.0
Other Banks
1,128.0
25.0
1,103.0
Total Liquidity
$
5,814.1
$
1,724.5
$
4,089.6
Liquidity management is both a short and long-term function of management. During 2024, funds were provided
by the Company’s operating and financing activities, which were used to fund our investing activities. The largest use of
funds during 2024 was the purchase of $1.3 billion of available for sale securities as part of a leveraging strategy initiated
to offset tempered loan growth and a balance sheet restructuring to replace lower yielding securities with higher yielding
alternatives, which were primarily funded by sales of securities available for sale, an increase in interest-bearing deposits,
proceeds from short-term borrowings and net repayments of loans of $522.1 million, $370.9 million, $324.3 million and
$238.1 million, respectively. Additionally, $65.5 million in funds (net of expenses), were provided by the issuance of 4.3
million shares of common stock during 2024. Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents, which include cash
and due from banks, overnight interest-earning deposits and federal funds sold with original maturities of 90 days or less.
The level of these assets is dependent on our operating, financing, lending and investing activities during any given period.
At December 31, 2024, cash and cash equivalents totaled $152.6 million, a decrease of $19.6 million from December 31,
2023. We also held marketable securities available for sale with a market value of $1,497.9 million at December 31, 2024.
A portion of our cash and cash equivalents is restricted cash held as collateral for interest rate swaps, totaled $43.2 million
and $47.9 million, at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, cash (including
67
restricted cash) held in excess of FDIC deposit insurance limits at other commercial banks totaling $62.4 million, and
$61.2 million, respectively.
At December 31, 2024, we had commitments to extend credit totaling $409.5 million. Since generally all of the
loan commitments are expected to be drawn upon, the total loan commitments approximate future cash requirements,
whereas the amounts of lines of credit may not be indicative of our future cash requirements. The loan commitments
generally expire in 90 days, while construction loan lines of credit mature within 18 months and home equity loan lines of
credit mature within 10 years. We use the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as we
do for on-balance-sheet instruments. See Note 16 (“Commitments and Contingencies”) in Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements.
Our total interest expense and non-interest expense in 2024 were $283.4 million and $163.3 million, respectively.
We maintain three postretirement defined benefit plans for our employees: a noncontributory defined benefit
pension plan which was frozen as of September 30, 2006, a contributory medical plan, and a noncontributory life insurance
plan. The life insurance plan was amended to discontinue providing life insurance benefits to future retirees after January
1, 2010 and the medical plan was frozen to employees hired after January 1, 2011. We also maintain a noncontributory
defined benefit plan for certain of our non-employee directors, which was frozen as of January 1, 2004. The employee
pension plan is the only plan that we have funded. During 2024, we incurred cash expenditures of $0.1 million for the
medical and life insurance plans and $24,000 for the non-employee director plan. We did not make a contribution to the
employee pension plan in 2024. We expect to pay similar amounts for these plans in 2025. See Note 12 (“Pension and
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The amounts reported in our financial statements are obtained from reports prepared by independent actuaries
and are based on significant assumptions. The most significant assumption is the discount rate used to determine the
accumulated postretirement benefit obligation (“APBO”) for these plans. The APBO is the present value of projected
benefits that employees and retirees have earned to date. The discount rate is a single rate at which the liabilities of the
plans are discounted into today’s dollars and could be effectively settled or eliminated. The discount rate used is based on
the FTSE Pension Discount Curve and reflects a rate that could be earned on bonds over a similar period that we anticipate
the plans’ liabilities will be paid. An increase in the discount rate would reduce the APBO, while a reduction in the discount
rate would increase the APBO.
The Company’s actuaries use several other assumptions that could have a significant impact on our APBO and
periodic expense for these plans. These assumptions include, but are not limited to, expected rate of return on plan assets,
future increases in medical and life insurance premiums, turnover rates of employees, and life expectancy. The accounting
standards for postretirement plans involve mechanisms that serve to limit the volatility of earnings by allowing changes in
the value of plan assets and benefit obligations to be amortized over time when actual results differ from the assumptions
used, there are changes in the assumptions used, or there are plan amendments. At December 31, 2024, our employee
pension plan had an unrecognized loss of $4.4 million. The medical and life insurance plan and non-employee director
plan had unrecognized gains of $2.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
The change in the discount rate is the only significant change made to the assumptions used for these plans for
each of the three years ended December 31, 2024. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the actual
(loss) return on the employee pension plan assets was approximately (105%), 15%, and (658%), respectively, of the
assumed return used to determine the periodic pension expense for that respective year.
The market value of the assets of our employee pension plan is $17.9 million at December 31, 2024, which is
$2.1 million more than the projected benefit obligation. We do not anticipate a change in the market value of these assets
which would have a significant effect on liquidity, capital resources, or results of operations.
At the time of the Bank’s conversion from a federally chartered mutual savings bank to a federally chartered
stock savings bank, the Bank was required by its primary regulator to establish a liquidation account which is reduced as
and to the extent that eligible account holders reduce their qualifying deposits. The balance of the liquidation account at
December 31, 2024 was $0.3 million. In the unlikely event of a complete liquidation of the Bank, each eligible account
holder will be entitled to receive a distribution from the liquidation account. The Bank is not permitted to declare or pay a
dividend or to repurchase any of its capital stock if the effect would be to cause the Bank’s regulatory capital to be reduced
68
below the amount required for the liquidation account but approval of the NYDFS Superintendent (the “Superintendent”)
is required if the total of all dividends declared by the Bank in a calendar year would exceed the total of its net profits for
that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years less prior dividends paid. The amount of
dividends the Holding Company can declare and pay is generally limited to its net profits for the preceding year less
dividends paid during that period. In addition, dividends paid by the Holding Company would be prohibited if the effect
thereof would cause the Holding Company’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements.
We have significant obligations that arise in the normal course of business. We finance our assets with deposits
and borrowings. We also use borrowings to manage our interest-rate risk. We have the means to refinance these borrowings
as they mature or are called through our financing arrangements with the FHLB-NY and access to unsecured lines of credit
with other commercial banks. See Note 8 (“Deposits”) and Note 9 (“Borrowed Funds”) in Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements. At December 31, 2024, we had borrowings obligations of $916.1 million of which $543.8 million
represents our current obligations within one year, including borrowing callable within one year. At December 31, 2024,
we had deposit obligations of $7,178.9 million of which $7,051.4 million represents our current obligations within one
year.
At December 31, 2023, the Bank had 28 branches, which were all leased. In addition, we lease our executive
offices. We currently outsource our data processing, loan servicing and check processing functions. We believe that this
is the most cost effective method for obtaining these services. These arrangements are usually volume dependent and have
varying terms. The contracts for these services usually include annual increases based on the increase in the consumer
price index. At December 31, 2024, we had operating lease and purchasing obligations totaling $68.2 million.
We currently provide a non-qualified deferred compensation plan for officers who have achieved the designated
level and completed one year of service. However, certain officers who have not reached the designated level but were
already participants remain eligible to participate in the Plan. In addition to the amounts deferred by the officers, we match
50% of their contributions, generally up to a maximum of 5% of the officer’s salary. These plans generally require the
deferred balance to be credited with earnings at a rate earned by certain mutual funds. At December 31, 2024, we had
deferred compensation plan obligations of $25.2 million. This expense is provided in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations, and the liability has been provided in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Regulatory Capital Position. Under applicable regulatory capital regulations, the Bank and the Company are
required to comply with each of four separate capital adequacy standards: leverage capital, common equity Tier I risk-
based capital, Tier I risk-based capital and total risk-based capital. Such classifications are used by the FDIC and other
bank regulatory agencies to determine matters ranging from each institution’s quarterly FDIC deposit insurance premium
assessments, to approvals of applications authorizing institutions to grow their asset size or otherwise expand business
activities. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank and the Company exceeded each of their four regulatory capital
requirements. See Note 14 (“Regulatory Capital”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The preparation of our consolidated financial statement in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles in the United States requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates and changes in
assumptions could have a significant effect on the consolidated financial statements. Our critical accounting policies that
require us to make significant judgments or estimates are described below. For more information on these critical
accounting policies and other significant accounting policies, see the Note 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
– Use of Estimates”) in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company’s accounting policies are integral to understanding the results of operations and statement of
financial condition. These policies are described in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Several of these
policies require management’s judgment to determine the value of the Company’s assets and liabilities. The Company has
established detailed written policies and control procedures to ensure consistent application of these policies. The
Company has identified four accounting policies that require significant management valuation judgment: the allowance
for credit losses, fair value of financial instruments, goodwill impairment and income taxes.
69
Allowance for Credit Losses. An allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the
amortized cost basis of the financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the
financial assets. The amount of the ACL is based upon a loss rate model that considers multiple factors which reflects
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the financial assets. Management estimates the allowance balance using
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio
mix, and internal loan processes Judgment is required to determine how many years of historical loss experience are to be
included when reviewing historical loss experience. A full credit cycle must be used, or loss estimates may be inaccurate.
This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revisions as more
information becomes available.
The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process
support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each period end presented in the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition.
In determining the allowance for credit losses, assumptions are input for economic forecasts, baseline loss rates,
prepayment rates, utilization rates for off-balance sheet commitments, and forecast and reversion periods. The allowance
for credit losses is estimated utilizing internal and external data, information derived from historical events, current
conditions, and economic forecasts. Historically observed credit loss experience adjusted for prepayment and macro-
economic variables, provide the basis for the estimation of quantitatively modeled expected credit losses.
The Company includes quantitative factors in the allowance model which include (1) amortized costs, (2)
collective and individual loan evaluations, (3) contractual terms, (4) prepayments, (5) basis for credit loss estimates, (6)
recoveries, (7) reasonable and supportable forecast assumptions, and (8) off-balance sheet commitments.
Notwithstanding the judgment required in assessing the components of the ACL, the Company believes that the
ACL is adequate to cover losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The policy has been applied on a consistent basis for all
periods presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements. In calculating the ACL, the Company specifies both the
reasonable and supportable forecast and reversion periods in three economic conditions (expansion, transition,
contraction). When calculating the ACL estimate for December 31, 2024 and 2023, the reasonable and supportable forecast
was for a period of two quarters and the reversion period was four quarters. See Notes 2 (“Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies”) and 3 (“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company carries certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair
value under the fair value option. Fair value is considered the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer
a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
The securities portfolio also consists of mortgage-backed and other securities for which the fair value election
was not selected. These securities are classified as available for sale or held-to-maturity. Securities classified as available
for sale are carried at fair value in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, with changes in fair value recorded
in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Securities held-to-maturity are carried at their amortized cost in the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition.
Financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value are required to be measured based on the following
alternatives: (1) quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments (Level 1), (2) significant other
observable inputs (Level 2), or (3) significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Judgment is required in selecting the
appropriate level to be used to determine fair value. The majority of investments classified as available for sale and held-
to-maturity, were measured using Level 2 inputs, which require judgment to determine the fair value. The trust preferred
securities held in the investment portfolio, and the Company’s junior subordinated debentures, were measured using Level
3 inputs due to the inactive market for these securities. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value
measurement of the Company’s trust preferred securities and junior subordinated debentures valued under Level 3 at
December 31, 2024 and 2023, are the effective yields used in the cash flow models. Significant increases or decreases in
the effective yield in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. See Notes 2
70
(“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”), 6 (“Securities”) and 19 (“Fair Value of Financial Instruments”) of
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Goodwill Impairment. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite life and is tested for impairment, rather than
amortized, on at least an annual basis. For the purpose of goodwill impairment testing, management has concluded that
Company has one reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, there is no impairment
of goodwill.
Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are to be used as the basis for
measurement, when available. Other acceptable valuation methods include an asset approach, which determines a fair
value based upon the value of assets net of liabilities, an income approach, which determines fair value using one or more
methods that convert anticipated economic benefits into a present single amount, and a market approach, which determines
a fair value based on the similar businesses that have been sold.
At December 31, 2024, the fair value of our reporting unit is derived using a combination of an asset approach,
and an income approach. These valuation techniques consider several other factors beyond our market capitalization, such
as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting unit, the discount rate used to present value such cash flows and the
market multiples of comparable companies. Changes to input assumptions used in the analysis could result in materially
different evaluations of goodwill impairment. We monitor goodwill for potential impairment triggers on a quarterly basis.
At December 31, 2024, the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by $28.7 million, or 4.0%.
Given the inherent uncertainties resulting from local, regional and global macroeconomic conditions, including Federal
Reserve interest rate policy decisions, actual results may differ from management’s current estimates and could have an
adverse impact on one or more of the assumptions used in our quantitative model prepared for the reporting unit, which
could result in impairment charges in subsequent periods. See Note 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”) of
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Income Taxes. The Company estimates its income taxes payable based on the amounts it expects to owe to the
various taxing authorizes (i.e., federal, state and local). In estimating income taxes, management assesses the relative
merits and risks of the tax treatment of transactions, taking into account statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance in the
context of the Company’s tax position. Management also relies on tax opinions, recent audits, and historical experience.
The Company also recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of differences
between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A
valuation allowance is required for deferred tax assets that the Company estimates are more likely than not to be
unrealizable, based on evidence available at the time the estimate is made. These estimates can be affected by changes to
tax laws, statutory tax rates, and future income levels. See Notes 2 (“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”) and
10 (“Income Taxes”) of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
This information is contained in the section captioned “Interest Rate Risk” under Item. 7. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Notes 19 (“Fair Value of Financial
Instruments”) and 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of
this Annual Report.
71
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
December 31,
December 31,
2024
2023
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Assets
Cash and due from banks (restricted cash of $43,165 and $47,945, respectively)
$
152,574
$
172,157
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance of $353 and $1,087, respectively (assets pledged of $4,494
and $4,595, respectively; fair value of $44,718 and $65,755, respectively)
51,485
72,923
Securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $1,506,798 and $954,164, respectively; net of
an allowance of $2,627 and none, respectively; assets pledged of $49,914 and $195,444, respectively;
$13,591 and $13,359 at fair value pursuant to the fair value option, respectively)
1,497,905
874,753
Loans held for sale
70,098
—
Loans held for investment, net of fees and costs
6,745,848
6,906,950
Less: Allowance for credit losses
(40,152)
(40,161)
Net loans held of investment
6,705,696
6,866,789
Interest and dividends receivable
62,036
59,018
Bank premises and equipment, net
17,852
21,273
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock, at cost
38,096
31,066
Bank owned life insurance
218,174
213,518
Goodwill
17,636
17,636
Core deposit intangibles
1,123
1,537
Right of use asset
45,800
39,557
Other assets
160,497
167,009
Total assets
$
9,038,972
$
8,537,236
Liabilities
Due to depositors:
Non-interest bearing
$
836,545
$
847,416
Interest-bearing
6,289,306
5,917,463
Total Due to depositors
7,125,851
6,764,879
Mortgagors' escrow deposits
53,082
50,382
Borrowed funds:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings
678,933
605,801
Subordinated debentures
188,326
187,630
Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value
48,795
47,850
Total borrowed funds
916,054
841,281
Operating lease liability
46,443
40,822
Other liabilities
173,003
170,035
Total liabilities
8,314,433
7,867,399
Stockholders' Equity
Preferred stock ($0.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued)
—
—
Common stock ($0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 38,677,787 and 34,087,623 shares issued,
respectively; 33,659,067 and 28,865,810 shares outstanding, respectively)
387
341
Additional paid-in capital
326,671
264,534
Treasury stock, at average cost (5,018,720 and 5,221,813 shares, respectively)
(101,655)
(106,070)
Retained earnings
492,003
549,683
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes
7,133
(38,651)
Total stockholders' equity
724,539
669,837
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
9,038,972
$
8,537,236
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
72
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands, except per share data)
Interest and dividend income
Interest and fees on loans
$
375,578
$
355,348
$
293,287
Interest and dividends on securities:
Interest
79,076
37,598
20,861
Dividends
130
126
60
Other interest income
10,578
8,405
2,418
Total interest and dividend income
465,362
401,477
316,626
Interest expense
Deposits
244,636
188,655
47,285
Other interest expense
38,715
33,670
25,725
Total interest expense
283,351
222,325
73,010
Net interest income (loss)
182,011
179,152
243,616
Provision (benefit) for credit losses
9,568
10,518
5,081
Net interest income after provision (benefit) for credit losses
172,443
168,634
238,535
Non-interest income (loss)
Banking services fee income
6,947
8,651
5,122
Net gain (loss) on sale of loans
(3,563)
108
119
Net gain (loss) on disposition of assets
—
—
104
Net gain (loss) on sale of securities
(72,315)
—
(10,948)
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments
(939)
2,573
5,728
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York stock dividends
2,790
2,513
2,000
Life insurance proceeds
285
1,281
1,822
Bank owned life insurance
6,005
4,573
4,487
Other income
3,345
2,889
1,575
Total non-interest income (loss)
(57,445)
22,588
10,009
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits
91,398
85,957
84,374
Occupancy and equipment
15,117
14,396
14,606
Professional services
10,846
9,569
9,207
FDIC deposit insurance
6,297
3,994
2,258
Data processing
6,890
5,976
5,595
Depreciation and amortization of bank premises and equipment
5,730
5,965
5,930
Other real estate owned / foreclosure expense
681
605
294
Net (gain) loss on sales of real estate owned
(174)
—
—
Prepayment penalty on borrowings
2,572
—
—
Other operating expenses
23,908
24,927
21,428
Total non-interest expense
163,265
151,389
143,692
Income (loss) before income taxes
(48,267)
39,833
104,852
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
Federal
(10,479)
7,585
17,569
State and local
(6,455)
3,584
10,338
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes
(16,934)
11,169
27,907
Net income (loss)
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
$
76,945
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
$
2.50
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
$
2.50
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements
73
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Net income (loss)
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
$
76,945
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses, net of taxes of $113, $123, and $7, respectively.
(254)
(276)
(17)
Amortization of prior service credits, net of taxes of $8.
—
—
(19)
Unrecognized actuarial gains (losses), net of taxes of $94, ($75), and ($487), respectively.
(213)
170
1,043
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale, net of taxes of $271,
($4,451) and $28,900, respectively.
429
8,362
(64,381)
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income, net of taxes of $22,331
and $(3,401), respectively.
49,984
—
7,547
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cashflow hedges, net of taxes of $1,874, $4,762 and ($12,081),
respectively.
(4,068)
(10,584)
26,786
Change in fair value of liabilities related to instrument-specific credit risk, net of taxes of ($49),
($74), and $386, respectively.
(94)
165
(763)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
45,784
(2,163)
(29,804)
Comprehensive net income
$
14,451
$
26,501
$
47,141
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
74
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
Accumulated Other
Shares
Common
Paid-in
Treasury
Retained Comprehensive
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Outstanding
Stock
Capital
Stock
Earnings
Income (Loss)
Total
Balance at December 31, 2021
30,526,353 $
341 $ 263,375 $ (75,293) $ 497,889 $
(6,684) $ 679,628
Net income
—
—
—
—
76,945
—
76,945
Award of shares released from Employee
Benefit Trust
—
—
287
—
—
—
287
Vesting of restricted stock unit awards
303,636
—
(6,137)
6,433
(296)
—
—
Purchase of treasury stock
(1,253,725)
—
—
(27,246)
—
—
(27,246)
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
6,807
—
—
—
6,807
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax
obligation
(99,873)
—
—
(2,429)
—
—
(2,429)
Dividends on common stock ($0.88 per
share)
—
—
—
—
(27,031)
—
(27,031)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
—
—
—
—
—
(29,804)
(29,804)
Balance at December 31, 2022
29,476,391 $
341 $ 264,332 $ (98,535) $ 547,507 $
(36,488) $ 677,157
Net income
—
—
—
—
28,664
—
28,664
Vesting of restricted stock unit awards
263,918
—
(5,402)
5,630
(228)
—
—
Purchase of treasury stock
(786,498)
—
—
(11,473)
—
—
(11,473)
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
5,604
—
—
—
5,604
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax
obligation
(88,001)
—
—
(1,692)
—
—
(1,692)
Dividends on common stock ($0.88 per
share)
—
—
—
—
(26,260)
—
(26,260)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
—
—
—
—
—
(2,163)
(2,163)
Balance at December 31, 2023
28,865,810 $
341 $ 264,534 $ (106,070) $ 549,683 $
(38,651) $ 669,837
Net income (loss)
—
—
—
—
(31,333)
—
(31,333)
Shares issued in common stock offering
4,590,164
46
65,494
—
—
—
65,540
Vesting of restricted stock unit awards
301,859
—
(5,818)
6,122
(304)
—
—
Stock-based compensation expense
—
—
2,461
—
—
—
2,461
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax
obligation
(98,766)
—
—
(1,707)
—
—
(1,707)
Dividends on common stock ($0.88 per
share)
—
—
—
—
(26,043)
—
(26,043)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
—
—
—
—
—
45,784
45,784
Balance at December 31, 2024
33,659,067 $
387 $ 326,671 $ (101,655) $ 492,003 $
7,133 $ 724,539
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
75
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Operating Activities
Net income (loss)
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
$
76,945
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Provision (benefit) for credit losses
9,568
10,518
5,081
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment
5,730
5,965
5,930
Net loss (gain) on sales of loans
3,563
(108)
(119)
Net amortization (accretion) of premiums and discounts
3,494
498
1,139
Net (gain) loss on sales of OREO
(174)
—
—
Net loss (gain) from disposition of assets
—
—
(104)
Net loss (gain) from sale of securities
72,315
—
10,948
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)
(15,862)
3,721
144
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustments
939
(2,573)
(5,728)
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustments of hedges
(55)
(371)
(775)
Gain from life insurance proceeds
(285)
(1,281)
(1,822)
Income from Bank owned life insurance
(6,005)
(4,573)
(4,487)
Stock-based compensation expense
2,461
5,604
6,807
Deferred compensation
(2,775)
(4,210)
(5,365)
Amortization of core deposit intangibles
414
480
545
(Increase) decrease in other assets
(22,525)
(19,308)
11,775
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities
(7,058)
11,559
(15,159)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
12,412
34,585
85,755
Investing Activities
Purchases of premises and equipment
(2,310)
(5,488)
(4,342)
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank New York stock
(51,609)
(122,102)
(146,446)
Redemptions of Federal Home Loan Bank New York stock
44,579
136,878
136,541
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity
—
—
(16,475)
Proceeds from prepayments of securities held-to-maturity
1,538
794
387
Purchases of securities available for sale
(1,302,609)
(187,442)
(224,940)
Proceeds from sales and calls of securities available for sale
522,096
-
73,276
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of securities available for
sale
203,265
57,493
96,861
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance
14
3,068
3,945
Change in cash collateral
(4,780)
(18,400)
66,345
Net repayments (originations) of loans
238,100
198,240
(93,262)
Purchases of loans
(173,487)
(166,344)
(275,701)
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned
839
-
-
Proceeds from sale of loans originally classified as held to investment
18,760
9,042
31,993
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(505,604)
(94,261)
(351,818)
Continued
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
76
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Financing Activities
Net increase (decrease) in noninterest-bearing deposits
$
(10,871) $
(73,822) $ (46,383)
Net increase (decrease) in interest-bearing deposits
370,857
400,804
200,019
Net increase (decrease) in mortgagors' escrow deposits
2,700
2,223
(3,754)
Net (repayments) proceeds from short-term borrowed funds
324,250
(605,750)
235,000
Proceeds from long-term borrowing
300,000
661,050
63,603
Repayment of long-term borrowings
(551,117)
(265,001)
(55,685)
Purchase of treasury stock
—
(11,473)
(27,246)
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligations
(1,707)
(1,692)
(2,429)
Net proceeds received in common stock offering
65,540
—
—
Cash dividends paid
(26,043)
(26,260)
(27,031)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
473,609
80,079
336,094
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash
(19,583)
20,403
70,031
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period
172,157
151,754
81,723
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period
$
152,574 $
172,157 $ 151,754
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash payments for:
Interest paid
$
278,702 $
214,610 $
63,680
Income taxes paid, net of refunds
8,578
6,269
32,411
Supplemental disclosure of non- cash flow investing activities:
Transfer of loans held for investment to other real estate owned
665
—
—
Transfer of loans held for investment to loans held for sale
92,027
8,506
31,355
Securities purchased not yet settled
25,023
—
—
Securities transferred from held-to-maturity to available for sale
20,627
—
—
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
77
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Nature of Operations
Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Holding Company”), a Delaware business corporation, is the bank holding
company of its wholly-owned subsidiary Flushing Bank (the “Bank”). The Holding Company and its direct and indirect
wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the Bank, Flushing Service Corporation (“FSC”) and FSB Properties Inc.
(“Properties”) are collectively herein referred to as the “Company.”
The Company’s principal business is attracting deposits from public entities and the general public, while
investing those deposits together with funds generated from ongoing operations and borrowings, primarily in (1)
originations and purchases of multi-family residential properties, commercial business loans, commercial real estate
mortgage loans and, to a lesser extent, one-to-four family (focusing on mixed-use properties, which are properties that
contain both residential dwelling units and commercial units); (2) construction loans, (3) equipment financing loans; (4)
Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans and other small business loans; (5) mortgage loan surrogates such as
mortgage-backed securities; and (6) U.S. government securities, corporate fixed-income securities and other marketable
securities. The Bank also originates certain other consumer loans including overdraft lines of credit. The Bank primarily
conducts its business through twenty-eight full-service banking offices, ten of which are located in Queens County, four
in Nassau County, five in Suffolk County, six in Kings County (Brooklyn), and three in New York County (Manhattan),
New York. The Bank also operates an internet branch, which operates under the brands of iGObanking® and BankPurely®
(the “Internet Branch”), offering checking, savings, money market and certificates of deposit accounts.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company follow accounting principles generally accepted in the
United States of America (“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry. The policies which materially
affect the determination of the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows are summarized below.
Principles of Consolidation:
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Holding Company and the
following direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Holding Company: the Bank, FSC, and Properties. FSC
was formed to market insurance products and mutual funds. Properties is currently used to hold title to real estate owned
acquired via foreclosure. Amounts held in a rabbi trust for certain non-qualified deferred compensation plans are included
in the consolidated financial statements. All intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.
The Holding Company also owns Flushing Financial Capital Trust II, Flushing Financial Capital Trust III, and
Flushing Financial Capital Trust IV (the “Trusts”), which are special purpose business trusts formed to issue a total of
$60.0 million of capital securities and $1.9 million of common securities (which are the only voting securities). The
Holding Company owns 100% of the common securities of the Trusts. The Trusts used the proceeds from the issuance of
these securities to purchase junior subordinated debentures from the Holding Company. The Trusts are not included in our
consolidated financial statements as we would not absorb the losses of the Trusts if losses were to occur. See Note 9,
“Borrowed Funds,” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding these trusts.
Use of Estimates:
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements, and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates
that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term are used in connection with the determination of the allowance
for credit losses, the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, the review of the need for a valuation allowance of the
Company’s deferred tax assets and the fair value of financial instruments.
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Cash and Cash Equivalents:
For the purpose of reporting cash flows, the Company defines cash and due from banks, overnight interest-earning
deposits and federal funds sold with original maturities of 90 days or less as cash and cash equivalents. Included in cash
and cash equivalents at December 31, 2024 and 2023, were $125.2 million and $145.3 million, respectively, in interest-
earning deposits in other financial institutions, primarily comprised of funds due from the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York and the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB-NY”) and restricted cash held as collateral for interest rate
swaps. The restricted cash totaled $43.2 million and $47.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At
December 31, 2024 and 2023, cash (including restricted cash) held in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(“FDIC”) deposit insurance limits at other commercial banks totaling $62.4 million, and $61.2 million, respectively.
Securities:
Securities are classified as held-to-maturity when management intends to hold the securities until maturity. Held-
to-maturity securities are stated at amortized cost, adjusted for unamortized purchase premiums and discounts and an
allowance for credit losses. Securities are classified as available for sale when management intends to hold the securities
for an indefinite period of time or when the securities may be utilized for tactical asset/liability purposes and may be sold
from time to time to effectively manage interest rate exposure and resultant prepayment risk and liquidity needs.
Unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale are excluded from earnings and reported as part of accumulated
other comprehensive income/loss, net of taxes. Premiums and discounts are amortized or accreted, respectively, using the
level-yield method. Realized gains and losses on the sales of securities are determined using the specific identification
method.
The Company has made a policy election to exclude accrued interest from amortized cost basis of debt securities.
Accrued interest receivable for debt securities is reported in “Interest and dividends receivable” on the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition. The accrual of income on securities is generally discontinued when certain factors,
such as contractual delinquency of 90 days or more, indicate reasonable doubt as to the timely collectability of such
income. Uncollected interest previously recognized on non-accrual securities is reversed from interest income at the time
the security is placed on non-accrual status.
The Company’s estimate of expected credit losses for held-to-maturity debt securities is based on historical
information, current conditions and a reasonable and supportable forecast. At December 31, 2024, and 2023 the
Company’s portfolio was made up of three securities: the first two were structured similar to a commercial owner occupied
loan, and modeled for credit losses similar to commercial business loans secured by real estate, and the third was issued
and guaranteed by Fannie Mae, which is a government sponsored enterprise that has a credit rating and perceived credit
risk comparable to the U.S. government. Accordingly, the Company assumes a zero loss expectation from the Fannie Mae
security. The Company had an allowance for credit losses for held-to-maturity securities totaling $0.4 million and $1.1
million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
At December 31, 2023 there was one additional held-to-maturity security that was under forbearance and was
individually evaluated for an allowance for credit losses. This security was transferred to available for sale during the year
ended December 31, 2024. Management determined it was appropriate to transfer the security to available for sale due to
a prolonged deterioration in creditworthiness, as such the transfer did not taint the remaining held-to-maturity portfolio.
The security was non-accrual at the time of transfer. The company did not transfer any securities between classification
categories during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
The Company reviewed each available for sale debt security that had an unrealized loss at December 31, 2024
and December 31, 2023. The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is more likely than not the
Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of the securities’ amortized cost basis. If the Company
evaluates any decline in the fair value is due to credit loss factors and this valuation indicates that a credit loss exists, then
the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is compared to the amortized cost basis of
security. If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss
exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than
the amortized cost basis. The Company had an allowance for credit losses for available for sale securities totaling $2.6
million at December 31, 2024 on the security described in the previous paragraph. The Company did not have an allowance
for credit losses for available for sale securities at December 31, 2023.
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The Company recorded tax exempt interest income totaling $1.5 million, $1.5 million and $1.7 million for the
years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Goodwill:
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the value assigned to tangible and identifiable intangible
assets and liabilities assumed of business acquired. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite life and is tested annually
for impairment, or more frequently when certain conditions are met. If the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than
the carrying value, no further evaluation is required. If the fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying value,
further evaluation would be required to compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value and determine if
impairment is required.
Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are to be used as the basis for
measurement, when available. Other acceptable valuation methods include an asset approach, which determines a fair
value based upon the value of assets net of liabilities, an income approach, which determines fair value using one or more
methods that convert anticipated economic benefits into a present single amount, and a market approach, which determines
a fair value based on the similar businesses that have been sold.
At December 31, 2024, the net book value of our reporting unit exceeded market capitalization, however the fair
value of our reporting unit is not driven solely by the market price of our stock. As described above, fair value of our
reporting unit is derived using a combination of an asset approach and income approach. These valuation techniques
consider several other factors beyond our market capitalization, such as the estimated future cash flows of our reporting
unit, the discount rate used to present value such cash flows and the market multiples of comparable companies. Changes
to input assumptions used in the analysis could result in materially different evaluations of goodwill impairment. We
qualitatively assess whether the carrying value of our reporting unit exceeds fair value. If this qualitative assessment
determines that it is more likely than not that the carrying value exceeds fair value, further quantitative evaluation for
impairment would be required to compare the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value and determine if
impairment is required.
In performing the goodwill impairment testing, the Company has identified a single reporting unit. The Company
performed the quantitative assessment in reviewing the carrying value of goodwill as of December 31, 2024, 2023 and
2022, concluding that there was no goodwill impairment in any period. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the carrying
amount of goodwill totaled $17.6 million at each period. The identification of additional reporting units, the use of other
valuation techniques and/or changes to input assumptions used in the analysis could result in materially different
evaluations of goodwill impairment.
Loans:
Loans are reported at their outstanding principal balance net of any unearned income, charge-offs, deferred loan
fees and costs on originated loans, certain market value adjustments related to hedging and unamortized premiums or
discounts on purchased loans. Loan fees and certain loan origination costs are deferred. Net loan origination costs and
premiums or discounts on loans purchased are amortized into interest income over the contractual life of the loans using
the level-yield method. Prepayment penalties received on loans which pay in full prior to their scheduled maturity are
included in interest income in the period they are collected.
Interest on loans is recognized on an accrual basis. The Company has made a policy election to exclude accrued
interest from the amortized cost basis of loans. Accrued interest receivable for loans totaled $46.3 million and $45.0 million
at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively and was reported in “Interest and dividends receivable” on the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition. The accrual of income on loans is generally discontinued when certain factors, such as
contractual delinquency of 90 days or more, indicate reasonable doubt as to the timely collectability of such income.
Uncollected interest previously recognized on non-accrual loans is reversed from interest income at the time the loan is
placed on non-accrual status. A non-accrual loan can be returned to accrual status when contractual delinquency returns
to less than 90 days delinquent. Payments received on non-accrual loans that do not bring the loan to less than 90 days
delinquent are recorded on a cash basis. Payments can also be applied first as a reduction of principal until all principal is
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recovered and then subsequently to interest, if in management’s opinion, it is evident that recovery of all principal due is
likely to occur.
The Company recognizes a loan as non-performing when the borrower has demonstrated the inability to bring
the loan current, or due to other circumstances which, in management’s opinion, indicate the borrower will be unable to
bring the loan current within a reasonable time. All loans classified as non-performing, which includes all loans past due
90 days or more, are classified as non-accrual unless the loan is well secured and there is, in our opinion, compelling
evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in the immediate future. Prior to a real estate secured loan becoming 90
days delinquent, an updated appraisal is ordered and/or an internal evaluation is prepared.
The Company may purchase loans to supplement originations. Loan purchases are evaluated at the time of
purchase to determine the appropriate accounting treatment. Performing loans purchased at a premium/discount are
recorded at the purchase price with the premium/discount being amortized/accreted into interest income over the life of
the loan. All loans purchased during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were performing loans that did not
display credit deterioration from origination at the time of purchase. The Company purchased loans totaling $173.5 million,
$166.3 million, and $275.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Allowance for Credit Losses:
The Allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) is an estimate that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the
financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial assets. Financial
assets are charged off against that ACL when management believes that the balance is uncollectable based on quarterly
analysis of credit risk. Additionally, certain off-balance sheet commitments are subject to the same estimate of credit
losses.
The amount of the ACL is based upon a loss rate model that considers multiple factors which reflects
management’s assessment of the credit quality of the loan portfolio. Management estimates the allowance balance using
relevant information, from internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and
supportable forecasts. The factors are both quantitative and qualitative in nature including, but not limited to, historical
losses, economic conditions, trends in delinquencies, value and adequacy of underlying collateral, volume and portfolio
mix, and internal loan processes. Accrued interest receivable is excluded from our financial assets that are carried on an
amortized cost basis.
The quantitative allowance is calculated using a number of inputs and assumptions. The results of this process,
support management’s assessment as to the adequacy of the ACL at each period end presented in the Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition.
The process for calculating the allowance for credit losses begins with our historical losses by portfolio segment.
The losses are then adjusted to incorporate current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecast to develop the
quantitative component of the allowance for credit losses.
The Bank has established an Asset Classification Committee which carefully evaluates loans which are past due
90 days and/or are classified. The Asset Classification Committee thoroughly assesses the condition and circumstances
surrounding each loan meeting the criteria. The Bank also has a Delinquency Committee that evaluates loans meeting
specific criteria. The Bank’s loan policy requires loans to be placed into non-accrual status once the loan becomes 90 days
delinquent unless there is compelling evidence the borrower will bring the loan current in the immediate future.
For the quantitative measurement, the Company’s portfolio consists of mortgage loans secured by real estate
(both commercial and retail) and commercial business loans, which are primarily commercial business term loans and line
of credit. Based on the Company’s evaluation of the loan portfolio, listed below are the pools that were established as a
baseline level of segmentation with their primary risk factor. The Company confirms this data remains relevant in absence
of changes to the composition of the portfolio.
The mortgage portfolio is a substantial component of the Company’s portfolio and it is a focus of the Company’s
lending strategy, primarily focusing on multi-family and commercial real estate. While the mortgage portfolio consists of
81
real-estate secured loans, the source of repayment and types of properties securing these loans varies and thus the Company
first considered these differences as follows:
One-to-four family residential – These loans are secured by residential properties for which the primary source
of repayment is the income generated by the residential borrower. Delinquency status is considered a risk factor in this
pool.
One-to-four family mixed use property – These loans are secured by residential properties for which the
primary source of repayment is the income generated by the property. Unlike the one-to-four residential credits, properties
securing mixed use loans include a commercial space component. Delinquency status is considered a risk factor in this
pool.
Multi-family residential – These loans are secured by multi-unit residential buildings for which the primary
source of repayment is the income generated by the property. Properties securing multi-family loans have five or more
residential units and thus a greater number of cash flow streams compared to one-to-four mixed use loans. Delinquency
status and risk rating are considered risk factors in this pool.
Commercial real estate – These loans are secured by properties for commercial use for which the primary source
of repayment is the income generated by the property. Delinquency status, risk rating and collateral type are considered
risk factors in this pool.
Construction – These loans are provided to fund construction projects for both residential and commercial
properties. These loans are inherently different from all others as they represent “work in progress” and expose the
Company to risk from non-completion and less recovery value should the sponsor of an unfinished property default.
Delinquency status and risk rating are considered risk factors in this pool.
Relative to the commercial business portfolio, the Company considered the following categories as a baseline for
evaluation:
Commercial Business – These loans are not typically secured by real estate. The primary source of repayment
is cash flows from operations of the borrower’s business. Within this category are SBA credits and equipment finance
credits. Delinquency status, risk rating and industry are considered risk factors in this pool.
Commercial Business secured by real estate – These loans are secured by properties used by the borrower for
commercial use where the primary source of repayment is expected to be the income generated by the borrower’s business
use of the property. The Company recognizes in circumstances where the borrower is not performing, the real estate
collateral would be the source of repayment. The Company considers these credits to be less risky than commercial
business loans, however, riskier than commercial real estate loans. Delinquency status, risk rating and industry are
considered risk factors in this pool.
Overdrafts – These are unsecured consumer lines of credits and are an immaterial component of the Company’s
portfolio.
For the qualitative measurement, the Company aggregated the portfolio segments according to three business
units: business banking, residential and commercial real estate. Management evaluates nine qualitative risk factors to
determine if the risk is captured elsewhere in the ACL process. If not captured elsewhere, the Company has identified
specific risk factors to evaluate and incorporate into its Qualitative Framework. Some risk factors include time to maturity,
origination loan-to-value, loan type composition, the value of underlying collateral, changes in policies and procedures for
lending strategies and underwriting standards, collection and recovery practices, internal credit review, changes in
personnel, loan debt coverage ratios, divergence between the levels of NYC and national unemployment, divergence
between the NYC GDP and national GDP, industry concentrations and riskiness and large borrower concentrations.
The Company may modify loans to enable a borrower experiencing financial difficulties to continue making
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. This modification may include reducing the
interest rate or amount of the monthly payment for a specified period of time, after which the interest rate and repayment
82
terms revert to the original terms of the loan, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness or any
combination of these types of modifications.
Loans Held for Sale:
At December 31, 2024 the Company had $70.1 million of performing multi-family loans held for sale. At
December 31, 2023 the Company did not have any loans held for sale.
The Company has implemented a strategy of selling certain delinquent and non-performing loans. Once the
Company has decided to sell a loan, the sale usually closes in a short period of time, generally within the same quarter.
Terms of sale include cash due upon the closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to the Company and servicing is
released to the buyer. Additionally, at times the Company may sell participating interests in performing loans and maintain
servicing. Loans designated held for sale are reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale. At the time
of transfer, any ACL is reversed and the loans are transferred at the new amortized cost basis and accounted for at the
lower of amortized cost or fair value. Write-downs of loans transferred from held for investment to held for sale are
recorded as charge-offs at the time of transfer. Subsequent lower of cost or fair value adjustments are recognized in non-
interest income as a valuation allowance adjustment.
Bank Owned Life Insurance:
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) represents life insurance on the lives of certain current and past employees
who have provided positive consent allowing the Company to be the beneficiary of such policies. BOLI is carried in the
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at its cash surrender value. Increases in the cash value of the policies, as
well as proceeds received, are recorded in other non-interest income, and are not subject to income taxes. During 2024 the
Company entered into a noncash exchange of certain lower yielding BOLI policies to higher yielding policies totaling
$101.5 million in accordance with Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 1035. No gain or loss was recognized as part
of this exchange. During 2024 and 2023, the Company did not purchase any additional BOLI.
Other Real Estate Owned:
Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”) consists of property acquired through foreclosure. At the time of foreclosure
these properties are acquired at fair value and subsequently carried at the lower of cost or fair value, less estimated selling
costs. The fair value is based on appraised value through a current appraisal, or at times through an internal review,
additionally adjusted by the estimated costs to sell the property. This determination is made on an individual asset basis.
If the fair value of a property is less than the carrying amount of the loan, the difference is recognized as a charge to the
ACL. Further decreases to the estimated value will be recorded directly to the Consolidated Statements of Operations. At
December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not hold any OREO.
Bank Premises and Equipment:
Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost, less depreciation accumulated on a straight-line basis over the
estimated useful lives of the related assets, recorded in Depreciation and amortization of bank premises and equipment in
the Consolidated Statements of Operations. For equipment and furniture the useful life is between 3 to 10 years.
As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank leased all branches and its executive offices. Leasehold
improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the related leases or the lives of the assets, whichever
is shorter. Maintenance, repairs and minor improvements are charged to non-interest expense in the period incurred.
83
Federal Home Loan Bank Stock:
The FHLB-NY has assigned to the Company a mandated membership stock ownership requirement, based on its
asset size. In addition, for all borrowing activity, the Company is required to purchase shares of FHLB-NY non-marketable
capital stock at par. Such shares are redeemed by FHLB-NY at par with reductions in the Company’s borrowing levels.
The Company carries its investment in FHLB-NY stock at historical cost. The Company periodically reviews its FHLB-
NY stock to determine if impairment exists. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company considered among other things
the earnings performance, credit rating and asset quality of the FHLB-NY. Based on this review, the Company did not
consider the value of our investment in FHLB-NY stock to be impaired at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Income Taxes:
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined using the asset and liability (or balance sheet) method.
Under this method, the net deferred tax asset or liability is determined based on the tax effects of the temporary differences
between book and tax basis of the various balance sheet assets and liabilities. A deferred tax liability is recognized on all
taxable temporary differences and a deferred tax asset is recognized on all deductible temporary differences and operating
losses and tax credit carry-forwards. A valuation allowance is recognized to reduce the potential deferred tax asset, if it is
“more likely than not” that all or some portion of that potential deferred tax asset will not be realized. Uncertain tax
positions that meet the more likely than not recognition threshold are measured to determine the amount to recognize. An
uncertain tax position is measured at the amount that management believes has a greater than 50% likelihood of realization
upon settlement. The Company must also take into account changes in tax laws or rates when valuing the deferred income
tax amounts it carries on its Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company recognizes interest and
penalties on income taxes in income tax expense.
Stock Compensation Plans:
The Company accounts for its stock-based compensation using a fair-value-based measurement method for share-
based payment transactions with employees and directors. The Company measures the cost of employee and directors
services received in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant date fair value of the award. That
cost is recognized over the period during which the employee and directors are required to provide services in exchange
for the award. The requisite service period is usually the vesting period, as such according to the terms of these awards, at
times provide for vesting upon retirement, the cost for these awards are fully recognized at the earlier of the retirement
eligibility date or vesting date. Forfeitures are recorded in the period they occur.
Benefit Plans:
The Company sponsors a 401(k), and profit sharing plan for its employees. The Company also sponsors
postretirement health care and life insurance benefits plans for its employees, a non-qualified deferred compensation plan
for certain senior officers, and a non-qualified pension plan for its outside directors. The qualified pension plan was frozen
in 2006, no longer allowing additional participants or accruals from that point forward.
The Company recognizes the funded status of a benefit plan – measured as the difference between plan assets at
fair value and the benefit obligation – in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition, with the unrecognized credits
and charges recognized, net of taxes, as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). These credits or
charges arose as a result of gains or losses and prior service costs or credits that arose during prior periods but were not
recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost.
Treasury Stock:
The Company records treasury stock at cost. Treasury stock is reissued at average cost.
Leases:
The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception. An arrangement contains a lease
if it implicitly or explicitly identifies an asset to be used and conveys the right to control the use of the identified asset in
84
exchange for consideration. As a lessee, we recognize operating right-of-use (“ROU”) leases in Right of use asset and
operating lease liabilities in Operating lease liability on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our
obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized upon
commencement of the lease based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. As most of the
Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we generally use the Company’s incremental borrowing rate
based on the estimated rate of interest for fully collateralized and fully amortizing borrowings over a similar term of the
lease payments at commencement date to determine the present value of lease payments. When readily determinable, we
use the implicit rate. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably
certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the
lease term. The Company’s variable lease payments, which include auto insurance, property insurance and real estate tax
expenses were recorded in Occupancy and equipment expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations and are
not included in the recognition of ROU assets and related lease liabilities.
Derivatives:
The Company’s derivative instruments are carried at fair value in the Company’s financial statements as part of
Other assets for derivatives with positive fair values and Other liabilities for derivatives with negative fair values. The
accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative instrument is dependent upon whether or not it qualifies and has
been designated as a hedge for accounting purposes, and further, by the type of hedging relationship.
To qualify for hedge accounting, a derivative must be highly effective at reducing the risk associated with the
exposure being hedged. In addition, for a derivative to be designated as a hedge, the risk management objective and strategy
must be documented. Hedge documentation must identify the derivative hedging instrument, the asset or liability or
forecasted transaction and type of risk to be hedged, and how the effectiveness of the derivative is assessed prospectively
and retrospectively. The extent to which a derivative has been, and is expected to continue to be, effective at offsetting
changes in the fair value of the hedged item must be assessed at least quarterly. If it is determined that a derivative is not
highly effective at hedging the designated exposure, hedge accounting is discontinued. For cash flow hedges, the changes
in the fair value of the derivative are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss, net of
tax, and subsequently reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction effects earnings. For fair value hedges, the
gain or loss on the derivative, as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk, is
recognized in earnings on the same line as the hedged item. Cash flows from cash flow hedges and fair value hedges are
disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows within operating activities. At December 31, 2024, our cash flow
hedges have a maximum remaining term of 51 months.
For non-portfolio layer method fair value hedges, the hedge basis (the amount of the change in fair value) is added
to (or subtracted from) the carrying amount of the hedged item. For portfolio layer method hedges, the hedge basis does
not adjust the carrying value of the hedged item and is instead maintained on a closed portfolio basis. These basis
adjustments would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans or available for sale securities within the pools if
either of the hedges were de-designated.
Comprehensive Income:
Comprehensive net income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other
comprehensive income (loss) includes (i) unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale and reclassification
adjustments for realized gains and losses on securities available for sale; (ii) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives in
cash flow hedge relationships and reclassifications of deferred gains and losses when the hedge item impacts earnings;
(iii) adjustments to net periodic pension costs; and (iv) changes in the fair value of instrument-specific credit risk from the
Company’s liabilities carried at fair value pursuant to the fair value option.
85
Segment Reporting:
Management views the Company as operating as a single unit, a community bank.
Advertising Expense:
Costs associated with advertising are expensed as incurred. The Company recorded advertising expenses of $2.5
million, $2.1 million, and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, recorded in
the Professional services in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Earnings per Common Share:
Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common shareholders
by the total weighted average number of common shares outstanding, which includes unvested participating securities.
Unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether
paid or unpaid) are participating securities and as such are included in the calculation of earnings per share. The Company’s
unvested restricted stock unit awards are considered participating securities. Therefore, weighted average common shares
outstanding used for computing basic earnings per common share includes common shares outstanding plus unvested
restricted stock unit awards. The computation of diluted earnings per share includes the additional dilutive effect of stock
options outstanding and other common stock equivalents during the period using the treasury stock method. Common
stock equivalents that are anti-dilutive are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share. The
numerator for calculating basic and diluted earnings per common share is net income available to common shareholders.
Earnings per common share have been computed based on the following, for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income (loss), as reported
$ (31,333) $ 28,664 $ 76,945
Divided by:
Total weighted average common shares outstanding
and common stock equivalents
29,949
29,925
30,823
Basic earnings (loss) per common share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
$
2.50
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
$
2.50
Dividend Payout ratio
n/m
91.7 %
35.2 %
There were no options that were anti-dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
86
3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
The composition of loans, net of fees and costs, is as follows at the periods indicated:
December 31,
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Multi-family residential
$ 2,527,222
$ 2,658,205
Commercial real estate
1,973,124
1,958,252
One-to-four family ― mixed-use property
511,222
530,243
One-to-four family ― residential
244,282
220,213
Construction
60,399
58,673
Small Business Administration
19,925
20,205
Commercial business and other
1,401,602
1,452,518
Net unamortized premiums and unearned loan fees
10,097
9,590
Total loans, net of fees and costs excluding portfolio layer
basis adjustments
6,747,873
6,907,899
Unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments (1)
(2,025)
(949)
Total loans, net of fees and costs
$ 6,745,848
$ 6,906,950
(1)
This amount represents portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to loans hedged in a closed portfolio. Under GAAP portfolio layer
method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual loans, however, the amounts impact the net loan balance. These basis adjustments
would be allocated to the amortized cost of specific loans within the pool if the hedge was de-designated. See Note 20 (“Derivative
Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The majority of our loan portfolio is invested in multi-family residential, commercial real estate and commercial
business loans, which totaled 87.9% and 88.3% of our gross loans at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our
concentration in these types of loans increases the overall level of credit risk inherent in our loan portfolio. The greater
risk associated with these types of loans could require us to increase our allowance and provision for credit losses and to
maintain an ACL as a percentage of total loans in excess of the allowance currently maintained. In addition to our loan
portfolio, at December 31, 2024, we were servicing $53.3 million of loans for others.
Loans secured by multi-family residential property and commercial real estate generally involve a greater degree
of risk than residential mortgage loans and generally carry larger loan balances. The increased credit risk is the result of
several factors, including the concentration of principal in a smaller number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general
economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty in evaluating and monitoring these types
of loans. Furthermore, the repayments of loans secured by these types of properties are typically dependent upon the
successful operation of the related property, which is usually owned by a legal entity with the property being the entity’s
only asset. If the cash flow from the property is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If the
borrower defaults, our only remedy may be to foreclose on the property, for which the market value may be less than the
balance due on the related mortgage loan.
87
Loans secured by commercial business and other loans involve a greater degree of risk for the same reasons as
for multi-family residential and commercial real estate loans with the added risk that many of the loans are not secured by
improved properties.
To minimize the risks involved in the origination of multi-family residential, commercial real estate and
commercial business and other loans, the Company adheres to defined underwriting standards, which include reviewing
the expected net operating income generated by the real estate collateral securing the loan, the age and condition of the
collateral, the financial resources and income level of the borrower and the borrower’s experience in owning or managing
similar properties. We typically require debt service coverage of at least 125% of the monthly loan payment. We generally
originate these loans up to a maximum of 75% of the appraised value or the purchase price of the property, whichever is
less. Any loan with a final loan-to-value ratio in excess of 75% must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors or the
Loan Committee as an exception to policy. We generally rely on the income generated by the property as the primary
means by which the loan is repaid. However, personal guarantees may be obtained for additional security from these
borrowers. Additionally, for commercial business and other loans which are not secured by improved properties, the Bank
will secure these loans with business assets, including accounts receivables, inventory and real estate and generally require
personal guarantees.
The Company may modify loans to enable a borrower experiencing financial difficulties to continue making
payments when it is deemed to be in the Company’s best long-term interest. When modifying a loan, an assessment of
whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of modification. This modification may include
reducing the loan interest rate, extending the loan term, any other-than-insignificant payment delay, principal forgiveness
or any combination of these types of modifications. When such modifications are performed, a change to the allowance
for credit losses is generally not required as the methodologies used to estimate the allowance already capture the effect
of borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. At December 31, 2024, there were no commitments to lend additional funds
to borrowers who have received a loan modification because of financial difficulty.
88
The following tables show loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the
periods indicated:
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Other-than-insignificant Payment Delay
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Multi-family residential
1
$
7,472
0.3 %
Provided principal payment deferral to
be collected at 18-month deferral
period (April 2026)
Commercial real estate
1
$
29,890
1.5 %
Provided payment deferral to be
collected at maturity (January 2027)
Total
2
$
37,362
For the year ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Other-than-insignificant Payment Delay
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Small business administration
1
$
1,488
7.3 %
Provided twelve month payment
deferral to be collected at maturity
Total
1
$
1,488
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension and Other-than-insignificant Payment Delay
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Commercial real estate
1
$
2,793
0.1 %
Extended Maturity to January 2027 (32
months) and provided payment deferral
to be collected at maturity
Total
1
$
2,793
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension and Reduced Interest Rate
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Commercial business and other
1
$
378
— %
Extended Maturity to August 2026 (3
months) and reduced rate to zero
percent
Total
1
$
378
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Commercial business and other
1
$
8
— %
Extended Maturity to December 2028
(28 months)
Total
1
$
8
89
For the year ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Term Extension
Loan Modifications Made to Borrowers
Experiencing Financial Difficulty
Number
Amortized Cost
Basis
% of Total
Class of
Financing
Receivable
Financial Effect
Commercial business and other
3
$
1,734
0.1 %
Two loans extended Maturity to June
2025 (20 months). One loan extended
Maturity to August 2024 (10 months)
Total
3
$
1,734
The following table shows the payment status of borrowers experiencing financial difficulty and for which a modification
has occurred at December 31, 2024:
Payment Status of Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty (Amortized Cost Basis)
(In thousands)
Current
30-89 Days Past
Due
90+ Days Past
Due
Total Modified
Multi-family residential
$
7,472 $
—
$
—
$
7,472
Commercial real estate
32,706
—
—
32,706
Commercial business and
other
8
—
266
274
Total
$
40,186
$
—
$
266
$
40,452
The following table provides the amortized cost basis of financing receivables that had a payment default during
the period and were modified in the 12 months before default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
Amortized Cost Basis of Modified Financing Receivables That Subsequently Defaulted
(In thousands)
Rate Reduction
Term
Extension
Principal
Forgiveness
Other-than-
insignificant
payment delay
Combination -
Term Extension
and Interest Rate
Reduction
Commercial business and
other
$
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
266
Total
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
266
90
The following tables show loans modified and classified as TDR under legacy GAAP during the periods
indicated:
For the year ended December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Number
Balance
Modification description
Small Business Administration
1
$
271
Loan amortization extension
Commercial business and other
5
8,204
One loan received a below market
interest rate and four loans had an
amortization extension
Total
6
$
8,475
The recorded investment of the loans modified and classified as TDR, presented in the tables above, were
unchanged as there was no principal forgiven in these modifications.
The following table shows our recorded investment for loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized
cost that are performing according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated:
December 31, 2022
Number
Amortized
(Dollars in thousands)
of contracts
Cost
Multi-family residential
6
$
1,673
Commercial real estate
1
7,572
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
4
1,222
One-to-four family - residential
1
253
Small Business Administration
1
242
Commercial business and other
3
855
Total performing
16
$
11,817
The following tables show our recorded investment for loans classified as TDR under legacy GAAP at amortized
cost that are not performing according to their restructured terms at the periods indicated.
December 31, 2022
Number
Amortized
(Dollars in thousands)
of contracts
Cost
Commercial business and other
2
$
3,263
Total troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted
2
$
3,263
During the year ended December 31, 2022 there were no defaults of TDR loans within 12 months of their
modification date.
91
The following tables show our non-accrual loans at amortized cost with no related allowance and interest income
recognized for loans ninety days or more past due and still accruing for periods shown below:
At or for the year ended December 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Non-
accrual
amortized
cost
beginning
of the
reporting
period
Non-
accrual
amortized
cost end of
the
reporting
period
Non-
accrual
with no
related
allowance
Interest
income
recognized
Loans
ninety days
or more
past due
and still
accruing
Multi-family residential
$
3,640
$
11,707
$
6,476
$
5
$
—
Commercial real estate
—
6,376
6,376
—
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
1,005
117
117
1
—
One-to-four family - residential
4,670
812
812
2
—
Small Business Administration
2,576
2,531
2,531
—
—
Commercial business and other
11,768
12,454
6,046
3
—
Total
$
23,659
$
33,997
$ 22,358
$
11
$
—
At or for the year ended December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
Non-
accrual
amortized
cost
beginning
of the
reporting
period
Non-
accrual
amortized
cost end of
the
reporting
period
Non-
accrual
with no
related
allowance
Interest
income
recognized
Loans
ninety days
or more
past due
and still
accruing
Multi-family residential
$
3,547
$
3,640
$
3,640
$
2
$
1,463
Commercial real estate
254
—
—
—
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
1,045
1,005
1,005
3
—
One-to-four family - residential
3,953
4,670
4,670
3
—
Small Business Administration
950
2,576
2,576
—
—
Commercial business and other
20,193
11,768
3,242
17
—
Total
$
29,942
$
23,659
$ 15,133
$
25
$
1,463
The following is a summary of interest foregone on non-accrual loans for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
(In thousands)
Interest income that would have been recognized had the loans performed in
accordance with their original terms
$
2,885
$
1,995
$
2,309
Less: Interest income included in the results of operations
11
25
746
Total foregone interest
$
2,874
$
1,970
$
1,563
92
The following tables show the aging of the amortized cost basis in past-due loans at the period indicated by class
of loan at:
At December 31, 2024
(In thousands)
30 - 59
Days Past
Due
60 - 89
Days Past
Due
Greater
than 90
Days
Total
Past Due
Current
Total Loans
(1)
Multi-family residential
$ 12,596
$ 9,255
$ 11,707
$ 33,558
$ 2,498,055
$ 2,531,613
Commercial real estate
4,846
—
6,376
11,222
1,963,400
1,974,622
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
870
1,234
117
2,221
511,717
513,938
One-to-four family - residential
802
65
812
1,679
242,914
244,593
Construction
—
—
—
—
60,114
60,114
Small Business Administration
—
—
2,531
2,531
17,664
20,195
Commercial business and other
409
2,239
12,432
15,080
1,387,718
1,402,798
Total
$ 19,523
$ 12,793
$ 33,975
$ 66,291
$ 6,681,582
$ 6,747,873
(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.0 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December
31, 2024. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
At December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
30 - 59
Days Past
Due
60 - 89
Days Past
Due
Greater
than 90
Days
Total
Past Due
Current
Total Loans
(1)
Multi-family residential
$ 2,722
$
539
$ 5,103
$ 8,364
$ 2,653,862
$ 2,662,226
Commercial real estate
8,090
1,099
—
9,189
1,950,435
1,959,624
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
1,708
124
1,005
2,837
530,247
533,084
One-to-four family - residential
1,715
—
4,670
6,385
215,134
221,519
Construction
—
—
—
—
58,261
58,261
Small Business Administration
—
—
2,576
2,576
17,769
20,345
Commercial business and other
420
1,061
7,585
9,066
1,443,774
1,452,840
Total
$ 14,655
$ 2,823
$ 20,939
$ 38,417
$ 6,869,482
$ 6,907,899
(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $0.9 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December
31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
93
The following tables show the activity in the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated:
December 31, 2024
One-to-four
One-to-four
Commercial
Multi-family Commercial family - mixed-
family -
Construction Small Business business and
(In thousands)
residential real estate
use property
residential
loans
Administration
other
Total
Beginning balance
$
10,373
$
8,665
$
1,610
$
668
$
158
$
1,626
$
17,061
$ 40,161
Charge-offs
—
(421)
—
(14)
—
(7)
(7,527)
(7,969)
Recoveries
2
—
2
102
—
108
71
285
Provision (benefit)
2,770
1,044
11
3
213
(204)
3,838
7,675
Ending balance
$
13,145
$
9,288
$
1,623
$
759
$
371
$
1,523
$
13,443
$ 40,152
December 31, 2023
One-to-four
One-to-four
Commercial
Multi-family Commercial family - mixed-
family -
Construction Small Business business and
(In thousands)
residential real estate
use property
residential
loans
Administration
other
Total
Beginning balance
$
9,552
$
8,184
$
1,875
$
901
$
261
$
2,198
$
17,471
$ 40,442
Charge-offs
—
(8)
—
(23)
—
(7)
(11,119)
(11,157)
Recoveries
2
—
1
52
—
248
42
345
Provision (benefit)
819
489
(266)
(262)
(103)
(813)
10,667
10,531
Ending balance
$
10,373
$
8,665
$
1,610
$
668
$
158
$
1,626
$
17,061
$ 40,161
December 31, 2022
One-to-four
One-to-four
Commercial
Multi-family Commercial family - mixed-
family -
Construction Small Business
Taxi
business and
(In thousands)
residential
real estate
use property
residential
loans
Administration medallion
other
Total
Beginning balance
$
8,185
$
7,158
$
1,755
$
784
$
186
$
1,209
$
—
$
17,858
$ 37,135
Charge-offs
(208)
—
—
(20)
—
(1,053)
—
(2,067)
(3,348)
Recoveries
77
—
—
5
—
47
447
1,237
1,813
Provision (benefit)
1,498
1,026
120
132
75
1,995
(447)
443
4,842
Ending balance
$
9,552
$
8,184
$
1,875
$
901
$
261
$
2,198
$
—
$
17,471
$ 40,442
In accordance with our policy and the current regulatory guidelines, we designate loans as “Special Mention,”
which are considered “Criticized Loans,” and “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” or “Loss,” which are considered “Classified
Loans”. If a loan does not fall within one of the previous mentioned categories and management believes weakness is
evident then we designate the loan as “Watch”, all other loans would be considered “Pass.” Loans that are non-accrual are
designated as Substandard, Doubtful, or Loss. These loan designations are updated quarterly. We designate a loan as
Substandard when a well-defined weakness is identified that may jeopardize the orderly liquidation of the debt. We
designate a loan Doubtful when it displays the inherent weakness of a Substandard loan with the added provision that
collection of the debt in full, on the basis of existing facts, is highly improbable. We designate a loan as Loss if it is deemed
the debtor is incapable of repayment. The Company does not hold any loans designated as Loss, as loans that are designated
as Loss are charged to the Allowance for Credit Losses. We designate a loan as Special Mention if the asset does not
warrant classification within one of the other classifications, but contains a potential weakness that deserves closer
attention.
The provision recorded in 2024 was driven by increased reserves on several commercial business and real estate
multi-family loans. The provision recorded in 2023 was primarily driven by fully reserving for two non-accrual
commercial business and increasing reserves for the elevated risk presented by the current rate environment to adjustable-
rate loan’s debt coverage ratios. The provision recorded in 2022 was primarily due to loan growth, increased reserves on
specific credits, coupled with the ongoing economic uncertainty resulting from high and rising inflation including
increasing interest rates. The Company specifies both the reasonable and supportable forecast and reversion periods in
three economic conditions (expansion, transition, contraction). The Company uses the straight-line method to revert back
to historical losses. During 2024 and 2023, the Company’s reasonable and supportable forecast and reversion period was
two quarters and four quarters, respectively.
94
The following tables summarize the risk category of mortgage and commercial business loans by loan portfolio
segments and class of loans by year of origination for the periods indicated:
December 31, 2024
Revolving Loans Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost
converted to
(In thousands)
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
Prior
Basis
term loans
Total
Multi-family Residential
Pass
$ 116,814 $ 248,004 $ 375,084
$ 272,747
$ 195,539
$ 1,250,368
$
5,369
$
—
$ 2,463,925
Watch
—
—
7,587
—
2,724
31,665
—
—
41,976
Special Mention
—
—
10,163
—
—
2,388
—
—
12,551
Substandard
—
—
—
704
2,811
9,646
—
—
13,161
Total Multi-family Residential
$ 116,814 $ 248,004 $ 392,834
$ 273,451
$ 201,074
$ 1,294,067
$
5,369
$
—
$ 2,531,613
Commercial Real Estate
Pass
$ 199,396 $ 197,228 $ 310,725
$ 144,569
$ 122,576
$ 924,520
$
—
$
—
$ 1,899,014
Watch
—
—
430
4,023
6,660
58,119
—
—
69,232
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
6,376
—
—
6,376
Total Commercial Real Estate
$ 199,396 $ 197,228 $ 311,155
$ 148,592
$ 129,236
$ 989,015
$
—
$
—
$ 1,974,622
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
421
$
—
$
—
$
421
1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property
Pass
$ 17,759 $ 23,552 $
45,487
$ 40,515
$ 27,448
$ 352,004
$
—
$
—
$ 506,765
Watch
—
—
—
—
—
5,338
—
—
5,338
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
445
1,273
—
—
1,718
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
117
—
—
117
Total 1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property
$ 17,759 $ 23,552 $
45,487
$ 40,515
$ 27,893
$ 358,732
$
—
$
—
$ 513,938
1-4 Family Residential
Pass
$ 2,136 $ 53,556 $
22,382
$ 7,117
$ 16,039
$ 121,653
$
6,256
$
8,588
$ 237,727
Watch
—
—
496
254
—
2,769
113
1,265
4,897
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
838
—
215
1,053
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
477
—
439
916
Total 1-4 Family Residential
$ 2,136 $ 53,556 $
22,878
$ 7,371
$ 16,039
$ 125,737
$
6,369
$
10,507
$ 244,593
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
14
$
—
$
—
$
14
Construction
Pass
$
— $
51 $
2
$ 18,215
$
—
$
—
$
39,230
$
—
$
57,498
Watchlist
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Special Mention
—
2,616
—
—
—
—
—
—
2,616
Total Construction
$
— $ 2,667 $
2
$ 18,215
$
—
$
—
$
39,230
$
—
$
60,114
Small Business Administration
Pass
$ 7,356 $ 1,906 $
3,211
$ 1,092
$ 1,672
$
1,123
$
—
$
—
$
16,360
Watch
—
—
—
—
—
774
—
—
774
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
325
—
—
325
Substandard
—
—
—
1,691
—
1,045
—
—
2,736
Total Small Business Administration
$ 7,356 $ 1,906 $
3,211
$ 2,783
$ 1,672
$
3,267
$
—
$
—
$
20,195
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
7
$
—
$
—
$
7
Commercial Business
Pass
$ 109,139 $ 92,916 $
71,479
$ 29,665
$ 17,744
$
99,620
$
208,419
$
—
$ 628,982
Watch
166
4,850
—
1,630
4,310
1,720
1,500
—
14,176
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
16
—
—
16
Substandard
716
429
4,891
—
—
3,119
3,856
—
13,011
Doubtful
—
462
—
—
—
—
570
—
1,032
Total Commercial Business
$ 110,021 $ 98,657 $
76,370
$ 31,295
$ 22,054
$ 104,475
$
214,345
$
—
$ 657,217
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$ 4,121
$
—
$
266
$
3,083
$
—
$
7,470
Commercial Business - Secured by RE
Pass
$ 68,613 $ 45,976 $ 169,904
$ 125,523
$ 99,794
$ 203,839
$
673
$
—
$ 714,322
Watch
8,671
—
—
—
3,721
396
—
—
12,788
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
14,418
—
—
14,418
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
3,884
—
—
3,884
Total Commercial Business - Secured by RE
$ 77,284 $ 45,976 $ 169,904
$ 125,523
$ 103,515
$ 222,537
$
673
$
—
$ 745,412
Other
Pass
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
85
$
84
$
—
$
169
Total Other
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
85
$
84
$
—
$
169
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
57
$
—
$
—
$
57
Total by Loan Type
Total Pass
$ 521,213 $ 663,189 $ 998,274
$ 639,443
$ 480,812
$ 2,953,212
$
260,031
$
8,588
$ 6,524,762
Total Watch
8,837
4,850
8,513
5,907
17,415
100,781
1,613
1,265
149,181
Total Special Mention
—
2,616
10,163
—
445
19,258
—
215
32,697
Total Substandard
716
429
4,891
2,395
2,811
24,664
3,856
439
40,201
Total Doubtful
—
462
—
—
—
—
570
—
1,032
Total Loans (1)
$ 530,766 $ 671,546 $ 1,021,841
$ 647,745
$ 501,483
$ 3,097,915
$
266,070
$
10,507
$ 6,747,873
Total Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$ 4,121
$
—
$
765
$
3,083
$
—
$
7,969
(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.0 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December
31, 2024. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
95
December 31, 2023
Revolving Loans Revolving Loans
Amortized Cost
converted to
(In thousands)
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
Prior
Basis
term loans
Total
Multi-family Residential
Pass
$ 254,340 $ 465,069 $ 276,483
$ 215,561
$ 300,822
$ 1,099,271
$
5,209
$
—
$ 2,616,755
Watch
—
870
720
1,935
—
34,899
—
—
38,424
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
1,193
—
—
1,193
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
5,854
—
—
5,854
Total Multi-family Residential
$ 254,340 $ 465,939 $ 277,203
$ 217,496
$ 300,822
$ 1,141,217
$
5,209
$
—
$ 2,662,226
Commercial Real Estate
Pass
$ 199,420 $ 322,446 $ 175,045
$ 147,871
$ 216,964
$ 862,641
$
—
$
—
$ 1,924,387
Watch
—
—
1,415
—
9,239
23,484
—
—
34,138
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
1,099
—
—
1,099
Total Commercial Real Estate
$ 199,420 $ 322,446 $ 176,460
$ 147,871
$ 226,203
$ 887,224
$
—
$
—
$ 1,959,624
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
8
$
—
$
—
$
8
1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property
Pass
$ 22,852 $
43,579 $ 41,604
$ 30,984
$ 60,308
$ 326,246
$
—
$
—
$
525,573
Watch
—
—
—
—
233
4,777
—
—
5,010
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
720
564
—
—
1,284
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
1,217
—
—
1,217
Total 1-4 Family Mixed-Use Property
$ 22,852 $
43,579 $ 41,604
$ 30,984
$ 61,261
$ 332,804
$
—
$
—
$
533,084
1-4 Family Residential
Pass
$
6,289 $
23,197 $ 8,451
$ 16,482
$ 36,779
$ 102,293
$
7,424
$
10,067
$
210,982
Watch
—
507
270
—
1,561
695
—
1,130
4,163
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
169
169
Substandard
—
—
—
—
—
5,737
—
468
6,205
Total 1-4 Family Residential
$
6,289 $
23,704 $ 8,721
$ 16,482
$ 38,340
$ 108,725
$
7,424
$
11,834
$
221,519
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
23
$
—
$
—
$
23
Construction
Pass
$
5,809 $
3 $ 5,793
$
—
$
—
—
$
46,656
$
—
$
58,261
Total Construction
$
5,809 $
3 $ 5,793
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
46,656
$
—
$
58,261
Small Business Administration
Pass
$
1,984 $
3,283 $ 2,883
$
3,443
$
606
$
2,121
$
—
$
—
$
14,320
Watch
—
—
—
—
47
2,847
—
—
2,894
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
—
348
—
—
348
Substandard
—
—
1,627
—
—
1,156
—
—
2,783
Total Small Business Administration
$
1,984 $
3,283 $ 4,510
$
3,443
$
653
$
6,472
$
—
$
—
$
20,345
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
7
$
—
$
—
$
7
Commercial Business
Pass
$ 115,740 $ 116,452 $ 53,315
$ 31,637
$ 30,913
$
53,289
$
244,143
$
—
$
645,489
Watch
342
9,792
3,822
2,426
14,483
18,495
8,582
—
57,942
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
25
—
495
—
520
Substandard
14,642
2,399
4,158
—
93
12,906
2,982
—
37,180
Doubtful
462
—
—
—
—
—
3,903
—
4,365
Total Commercial Business
$ 131,186 $ 128,643 $ 61,295
$ 34,063
$ 45,514
$
84,690
$
260,105
$
—
$
745,496
Gross charge-offs
$
40 $
— $ 1,675
$
—
$
28
$
10
$
9,267
$
—
$
11,020
Commercial Business - Secured by RE
Pass
$ 36,993 $ 176,825 $ 130,608
$ 106,545
$ 38,846
$ 139,025
$
—
$
—
$
628,842
Watch
9,730
311
—
—
586
51,759
—
—
62,386
Special Mention
—
—
—
—
14,892
1,002
—
—
15,894
Total Commercial Business - Secured by RE
$ 46,723 $ 177,136 $ 130,608
$ 106,545
$ 54,324
$ 191,786
$
—
$
—
$
707,122
Other
Pass
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
133
$
89
$
—
$
222
Total Other
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
133
$
89
$
—
$
222
Gross charge-offs
$
— $
— $
—
$
—
$
—
$
99
$
—
$
—
$
99
Total by Loan Type
Total Pass
$ 643,427 $ 1,150,854 $ 694,182
$ 552,523
$ 685,238
$ 2,585,019
$
303,521
$
10,067
$ 6,624,831
Total Watch
10,072
11,480
6,227
4,361
26,149
136,956
8,582
1,130
204,957
Total Special Mention
—
—
—
—
15,637
4,206
495
169
20,507
Total Substandard
14,642
2,399
5,785
—
93
26,870
2,982
468
53,239
Total Doubtful
462
—
—
—
—
—
3,903
—
4,365
Total Loans (1)
$ 668,603 $ 1,164,733 $ 706,194
$ 556,884
$ 727,117
$ 2,753,051
$
319,483
$
11,834
$ 6,907,899
Total Gross charge-offs
$
40 $
— $ 1,675
$
—
$
28
$
147
$
9,267
$
—
$
11,157
(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $0.9 million related to loans hedged in a closed pool at December
31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Included within net loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, was $2.7 million and $4.8 million, respectively, of
consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in
process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction.
96
The following table presents types of collateral-dependent loans by class of loan which were individually
evaluated for impairment:
Collateral Type
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
Real Estate
Business Assets
Real Estate
Business Assets
Multi-family residential
$
11,707
$
— $
3,640
$
—
Commercial real estate
6,376
—
—
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
117
—
1,005
—
One-to-four family - residential
812
—
4,670
—
Small Business Administration
—
2,531
—
2,576
Commercial business and other
3,884
8,570
—
11,768
Total
$
22,896
$
11,101 $
9,315
$
14,344
For collateral dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the ACL based on
the fair value of collateral. The ACL is calculated on an individual loan basis based on the shortfall between the fair value
of the loan's collateral, which is adjusted for liquidation costs/discounts, and amortized cost. If the fair value of the
collateral exceeds the amortized cost, no allowance is required.
Off-Balance Sheet Credit Losses
Also included within scope of the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) standard are off-balance sheet loan
commitments, which includes the unfunded portion of committed lines of credit and commitments “in-process”.
Commitments “in‐process” reflect loans not on the Company’s books but rather negotiated loan / line of credit terms and
rates that the Company has offered to customers and is committed to honoring. In reference to “in‐process” credits, the
Company defines an unfunded commitment as a credit that has been offered to and accepted by a borrower, which has not
closed and by which the obligation is not unconditionally cancellable.
The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to
credit risk through a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the
Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit loss expense.
The Company uses similar assumptions and risk factors that are developed for collectively evaluated financing receivables.
This estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on
commitments to be funded over its estimated life.
The provision (benefit) for credit losses for off-balance-sheet items are included in “Other operating expenses”
on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for off-balance sheet credit losses:
For the years ended
December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period
$
1,102
$
970
$
1,209
Provision (benefit)
(65)
132
(239)
Allowance for Off-Balance Sheet - Credit losses
$
1,037
$
1,102
$
970
97
4. Loans held for sale
At December 31, 2024, the Company had $70.1 million in performing multi-family loans held for sale. A
valuation allowance of $3.8 million was recorded to mark these loans down to the estimated price that could be obtained
in a whole loan sale. The valuation allowance was recorded in net gain (loss) on sale of loans in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations. The sale is anticipated to close during the first quarter of 2025. At December 31, 2023, the
Company did not have any loans held for sale.
The Company has implemented a strategy of selling certain delinquent and non-performing loans. Once the
Company has decided to sell a loan, the sale usually closes in a short period of time, generally within the same quarter.
Loans designated held for sale are reclassified from loans held for investment to loans held for sale. Terms of sale generally
includes cash due upon the closing of the sale, no contingencies or recourse to the Company and servicing is released to
the buyer. Additionally, at times the Company may sell participating interests in performing loans.
The following tables show loans sold during the period indicated:
For the year ended December 31, 2024
(Dollars in thousands)
Loans sold
Proceeds
Net charge-offs
Net gain
Performing loans
Multi-family residential
1
$
2,446
$
—
$
—
Commercial
1
5,875
—
—
Total
2
$
8,321
$
—
$
—
Delinquent and non-performing loans
Multi-family residential
5
$
2,973
$
—
$
55
Commercial
3
3,797
—
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
6
2,446
—
194
One-to-four family - residential
1
1,223
—
24
Total
15
$
10,439
$
—
$
273
For the year ended December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Loans sold
Proceeds
Net charge-offs
Net gain
Performing loans
Commercial
2
$
2,000
$
—
$
—
Total
2
$
2,000
$
—
$
—
Delinquent and non-performing loans
Multi-family residential
7
$
3,622
$
—
$
69
Commercial
3
1,867
(8)
—
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
3
1,553
—
39
Total
13
$
7,042
$
(8)
$
108
For the year ended December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Loans sold
Proceeds
Net charge-offs
Net gain
Performing loans
Multi-family residential
5
$
20,818
$
—
$
—
Commercial
1
4,312
—
—
Total
6
$
25,130
$
—
$
—
Delinquent and non-performing loans
Multi-family residential
2
$
646
$
—
$
14
Commercial
3
5,690
—
100
One-to-four family - mixed-use property
2
527
—
5
Total
7
$
6,863
$
—
$
119
98
5. Other Real Estate Owned
During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company acquired and then subsequently sold one OREO for
$0.8 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $0.2 million. The Company did not have any OREO during 2023 and 2022.
6. Securities
The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities held-to-maturity at:
Allowance
Net
Gross
Gross
Amortized
for
Carrying
Unrecognized Unrecognized
December 31, 2024
Cost
Credit Losses Amount
Gains
Losses
Fair Value
(In thousands)
Municipals
$ 44,002
$
(353)
$
43,649
$
—
$
(5,834)
$ 37,815
FNMA
7,836
—
7,836
—
(933)
6,903
Total
$ 51,838
$
(353)
$
51,485
$
—
$
(6,767)
$ 44,718
Allowance
Net
Gross
Gross
Amortized
for
Carrying
Unrecognized Unrecognized
December 31, 2023
Cost
Credit Losses Amount
Gains
Losses
Fair Value
(In thousands)
Municipals
$ 66,155
$
(1,087)
$
65,068
$
—
$
(6,371)
$ 58,697
FNMA
7,855
—
7,855
—
(797)
7,058
Total
$ 74,010
$
(1,087)
$
72,923
$
—
$
(7,168)
$ 65,755
The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of securities available for sale at:
Allowance
Gross
Gross
Amortized
for
Unrealized Unrealized
December 31, 2024
Cost
Credit Losses
Gains
Losses
Fair Value
(In thousands)
U.S. government agencies
$
8,804
$
—
$
77
$
(33)
$
8,848
Municipals
20,627
(2,627)
—
—
18,000
Corporate
130,882
—
735
(6,368)
125,249
Mutual funds
11,890
—
—
—
11,890
Collateralized loan obligations
420,260
—
1,126
(569)
420,817
Other
1,465
—
—
—
1,465
Total other securities
593,928
(2,627)
1,938
(6,970)
586,269
REMIC and CMO
707,540
—
1,107
(1,067)
707,580
GNMA
30,099
—
—
(154)
29,945
FNMA
99,183
—
11
(1,048)
98,146
FHLMC
76,048
—
13
(96)
75,965
Total mortgage-backed securities
912,870
—
1,131
(2,365)
911,636
Total Securities available for sale
$ 1,506,798
$
(2,627) $ 3,069
$ (9,335)
$ 1,497,905
99
Gross
Gross
Amortized
Unrealized Unrealized
December 31, 2023
Cost
Gains
Losses
Fair Value
(In thousands)
U.S. government agencies
$
82,548
$
123
$
(937)
$
81,734
Corporate
173,184
—
(17,735)
155,449
Mutual funds
11,660
—
—
11,660
Collateralized loan obligations
269,600
1,215
(686)
270,129
Other
1,437
—
—
1,437
Total other securities
538,429
1,338
(19,358)
520,409
REMIC and CMO
160,165
—
(26,591)
133,574
GNMA
12,402
3
(1,740)
10,665
FNMA
155,995
14
(20,935)
135,074
FHLMC
89,427
—
(14,396)
75,031
Total mortgage-backed securities
417,989
17
(63,662)
354,344
Total Securities excluding portfolio layer adjustments
956,418
1,355
(83,020)
874,753
Unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments (1)
(2,254)
—
2,254
—
Total securities available for sale
$ 954,164
$
1,355
$
(80,766)
$ 874,753
(1) Represents the amount of portfolio layer method basis adjustments related to available for sale (“AFS”) securities hedged in a closed portfolio. Under
GAAP portfolio layer method basis adjustments are not allocated to individual securities, however, the amounts impact the unrealized gains or losses for
the individual securities being hedged. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The corporate securities held by the Company at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are issued by U.S. banking institutions.
The CMOs held by the Company at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are either fully guaranteed or issued by a government
sponsored enterprise.
The following tables detail the amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s securities classified as held-to-
maturity and available for sale at December 31, 2024, by contractual maturity. Expected maturities will differ from
contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or
prepayment penalties.
Amortized
Securities held-to-maturity:
Cost
Fair Value
(In thousands)
Due after ten years
$
44,002
$
37,815
Total other securities
44,002
37,815
Mortgage-backed securities
7,836
6,903
Total securities held-to-maturity
$
51,838
$
44,718
Amortized
Securities available for sale:
Cost
Fair Value
(In thousands)
Due after one year through five years
$
57,065
$
54,747
Due after five years through ten years
198,589
195,649
Due after ten years
326,384
323,983
Total other securities
582,038
574,379
Mutual funds
11,890
11,890
Mortgage-backed securities
912,870
911,636
Total securities available for sale
$ 1,506,798
$ 1,497,905
100
The following tables show the Company’s securities without an allowance for credit losses with gross unrealized
losses and their fair value, aggregated by category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous
unrealized loss position:
At December 31, 2024
Total
Less than 12 months
12 months or more
Unrealized
Unrealized
Unrealized
Count Fair Value
Losses
Fair Value
Losses
Fair Value
Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to-maturity securities
FNMA
1
6,903
(933)
—
—
6,903
(933)
Total mortgage-backed securities
1
6,903
(933)
—
—
6,903
(933)
Total
1
$
6,903
$
(933)
$
—
$
—
$
6,903
$
(933)
Available for sale securities
U.S. government agencies
2
$
3,339
$
(33)
$
—
$
—
$
3,339
$
(33)
Corporate
13
95,758
(6,368)
—
—
95,758
(6,368)
Collateralized loan obligations
18
201,470
(569)
201,470
(569)
—
—
Total other securities
33
300,567
(6,970)
201,470
(569)
99,097
(6,401)
REMIC and CMO
19
287,948
(1,067)
281,570
(936)
6,378
(131)
GNMA
4
29,945
(154)
28,443
(134)
1,502
(20)
FNMA
6
97,417
(1,048)
97,417
(1,048)
—
—
FHLMC
3
56,540
(96)
56,540
(96)
—
—
Total mortgage-backed securities
32
471,850
(2,365)
463,970
(2,214)
7,880
(151)
Total securities available for sale
65
$ 772,417
$
(9,335)
$ 665,440
$
(2,783)
$ 106,977
$
(6,552)
At December 31, 2023
Total
Less than 12 months
12 months or more
Unrealized
Unrealized
Unrealized
Count Fair Value
Losses
Fair Value
Losses
Fair Value
Losses
(Dollars in thousands)
Held-to-maturity securities
FNMA
1
7,058
(797)
—
—
7,058
(797)
Total mortgage-backed securities
1
7,058
(797)
—
—
7,058
(797)
Total
1
$
7,058
$
(797)
$
—
$
—
$
7,058
$
(797)
Available for sale securities (1)
U.S. government agencies
8
$
74,517
$
(937)
$
2,517
$
(7)
$
72,000
$
(930)
Corporate
26
155,449
(17,735)
25,428
(1,318)
130,021
(16,417)
Collateralized loan obligations
17
120,609
(686)
—
—
120,609
(686)
Total other securities
51
350,575
(19,358)
27,945
(1,325)
322,630
(18,033)
REMIC and CMO
46
133,312
(26,591)
—
—
133,312
(26,591)
GNMA
7
10,466
(1,740)
3,867
(34)
6,599
(1,706)
FNMA
44
133,394
(20,935)
2,044
(1)
131,350
(20,934)
FHLMC
18
75,031
(14,396)
—
—
75,031
(14,396)
Total mortgage-backed securities
115
352,203
(63,662)
5,911
(35)
346,292
(63,627)
Total
166
$ 702,778
$ (83,020)
$
33,856
$
(1,360)
$ 668,922
$ (81,660)
(1) The table above excludes the unallocated portfolio layer basis adjustments totaling $2.3 million related to AFS securities hedged in a closed pool at
December 31, 2023. See Note 20 (“Derivative Financial Instruments”) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
101
During the year ended December 31, 2024, one held-to-maturity municipal security with an amortized cost of
$20.6 million and a net carrying value of $19.9 million was transferred to available for sale. Management determined it
was appropriate to transfer the security to available for sale due to a prolonged deterioration in creditworthiness and at the
time of transfer was non-accrual. The transfer did not taint the remaining held-to-maturity portfolio. The fair value of the
security at December 31, 2024 was $18.0 million. It was determined after review that the whole decline in fair value was
credit-related and as such was recorded as a provision to the allowance for credit losses totaling $2.6 million. The company
did not transfer any securities between classification categories during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
Except for the security discussed above, the Company reviewed each available for sale debt security that had an
unrealized loss at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Company does not have the intent to sell these
securities and it is more likely than not the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of the
securities’ amortized cost basis. This conclusion is based upon considering the Company’s cash and working capital
requirements and contractual and regulatory obligations, none of which the Company believes would cause the sale of the
securities. All but one of these securities are rated investment grade or better, and all these securities have a long history
of no credit losses. The Bank holds approximately $10 million of corporate debt from a New York based bank holding
company that on February 6, 2024 was downgraded two levels to Ba2 (Moody’s non-investment grade). On March 1,
2024, the bond was downgraded four levels to B3 and then on March 15, 2024, the bond was upgraded one level to B2. At
this time, we do not consider the decline in fair value to be credit related given the underlying bond has not missed any
payments and financial performance has not deteriorated to a level where the institution is not well capitalized. The Bank
has placed the security on the watch list and will continue to monitor this risk position closely to determine if any action
steps and valuation adjustments are required in the future. It is not anticipated that this security or any other available for
sale security held at December 31, 2024, would be settled at a price that is less than the amortized cost of the Company’s
investment.
In determining the risk of loss for available for sale securities, the Company considered that mortgage-backed
securities are either fully guaranteed or issued by a government sponsored enterprise, which has a credit rating and
perceived credit risk comparable to U.S. government, the tranche of the purchased collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”)
and the issuer of Corporate securities are global systematically important banks. Each of these securities is performing
according to its terms and, in the opinion of management, will continue to perform according to its terms. Based on this
review, management believes that the unrealized losses have resulted from other factors not deemed credit-related and no
allowance for credit loss was recorded.
The Company reviewed each held-to-maturity security at December 31, 2024 and 2023, as part of its quarterly
ACL process, resulting in an allowance for credit losses of $0.4 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023,
respectively.
Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities totaled $0.1 million at both December 31, 2024
and 2023, and is excluded from the estimate of credit losses. Accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale debt
securities totaled $8.8 million and $7.1 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities available for sale:
For the years ended
December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Beginning balance
$
—
$
—
$
—
Provision (benefit)
2,627
—
—
Allowance for credit losses
$
2,627
$
—
$
—
102
The following table presents the activity in the allowance for credit losses for debt securities held-to-maturity:
For the years ended
December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Beginning balance
$
1,087
$
1,100
$
862
Reversal of allowance upon transfer to AFS
(750)
—
—
Provision (benefit)
16
(13)
238
Allowance for credit losses
$
353
$
1,087
$
1,100
During 2024, the Company sold available for sale securities with carrying values at the time of sale totaling
$489.2 million at an average yield of 2.32% and purchased $1,327.3 million of securities at an average yield of 6.40%.
During 2023, the Company did not sell any available for sale securities but purchased $187.2 million at an average yield
of 6.56%. During 2022, the Company sold available for sale securities with carrying values at the time of sale totaling
$84.2 million at an average yield of 1.17% and purchased $241.2 million at an average yield of 3.20%.
The following table represents the gross gains and gross losses realized from the sale of securities available for
sale for the periods indicated:
For the year ended
December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Gross gains from the sale of securities
$
276
$
—
$
—
Gross losses from the sale of securities
(72,591)
—
(10,948)
Net (loss) gains from the sale of securities
$
(72,315)
$
—
$
(10,948)
Included in “Other assets” within our Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are amounts held in a rabbi
trust for certain non-qualified deferred compensation plans totaling $27.2 million and $26.5 million at December 31, 2024
and 2023, respectively.
7. Bank Premises and Equipment, net
Bank premises and equipment are as follows at December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Leasehold improvements
$
51,979
$
50,976
Equipment and furniture
35,405
34,285
Total
87,384
85,261
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
(69,532)
(63,988)
Bank premises and equipment, net
$
17,852
$
21,273
103
8. Deposits
Total deposits at the periods shown and the weighted average rate on deposits at December 31, 2024, are as
follows:
Weighted Average
December 31,
Nominal Rate
2024
2023
2024 (1)
(In thousands)
Interest-bearing deposits:
Certificates of deposit accounts
$
2,650,164
$
2,311,290
4.41 %
Savings accounts
98,964
108,605
0.38
Money market accounts
1,686,109
1,726,404
3.48
NOW accounts
1,854,069
1,771,164
3.26
Total interest-bearing deposits
6,289,306
5,917,463
Non-interest bearing demand deposits
836,545
847,416
Total due to depositors
7,125,851
6,764,879
Mortgagors' escrow deposits
53,082
50,382
0.27
Total deposits
$
7,178,933
$
6,815,261
(1) The weighted average rate does not reflect the benefit of interest rate swaps.
The aggregate amount of time deposits with denominations of $250,000 or more (excluding brokered deposits
issued in $1,000 amounts under a master certificates of deposit) was $514.4 million and $497.4 million at December 31,
2024 and 2023, respectively. The aggregate amount of brokered deposits was $1,319.0 million and $1,102.0 million at
December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, reciprocal deposits totaled $753.2 million and $760.3 million, respectively.
Government deposits are collateralized by either securities, letters of credit issued by FHLB-NY or are placed in
the IntraFi Network which arranges for placement of funds into certificates of deposit accounts, demand accounts or money
market accounts issued by other member banks of the network in increments of less than $250,000 to ensure that both
principal and interest are eligible for full FDIC deposit insurance. The letters of credit are collateralized by mortgage loans
pledged by the Company.
At December 31, 2024, government deposits totaled $1,775.5 million, of which $599.1 million were IntraFi
Network deposits and $1,176.4 million were collateralized by $41.9 million in securities and $1,405.7 million of letters of
credit. At December 31, 2023, government deposits totaled $1,587.9 million, of which $642.6 million were IntraFi
Network deposits and $945.3 million were collateralized by $177.0 million in securities and $1,118.7 million of letters of
credit.
Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Certificates of deposit accounts
$ 100,235
$ 64,844
$ 12,547
Savings accounts
472
520
211
Money market accounts
67,992
58,898
19,039
NOW accounts
75,683
64,191
15,353
Total due to depositors
244,382
188,453
47,150
Mortgagors' escrow deposits
254
202
135
Total interest expense on deposits
$ 244,636
$ 188,655
$ 47,285
104
Scheduled remaining maturities of certificates of deposit accounts are summarized as follows for the years ended
December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Within 12 months
$ 2,522,666
$ 2,210,586
More than 12 months to 24 months
114,053
89,816
More than 24 months to 36 months
8,192
2,115
More than 36 months to 48 months
3,799
4,733
More than 48 months to 60 months
1,185
2,898
More than 60 months
269
1,142
Total certificates of deposit accounts
$ 2,650,164
$ 2,311,290
9. Borrowed Funds
Borrowed funds are summarized as follows at December 31:
2024
2023
Weighted
Weighted
Average
Average
Amount
Rate
Amount
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)
FHLB-NY advances - fixed rate:
Due in 2024
$
—
—
$ 145,750
5.53
Due in 2025
445,000
4.54
14,675
4.90
Due in 2026
20,162
4.16
108,244
4.71
Due in 2027
136,656
3.97
185,017
4.63
Due in 2028
27,115
3.83
27,115
3.83
Total FHLB-NY advances
628,933
4.37
480,801
4.88
Other Borrowings:
Due in 2024
—
—
125,000
4.99
Due in 2025
50,000
4.39
—
—
Total Other Borrowings
50,000
4.39
125,000
4.99
Subordinated debentures
Due in 2031
124,131
3.50
123,700
3.51
Due in 2032
64,195
6.49
63,930
6.52
Total Subordinated debentures
188,326
4.52
187,630
4.53
Junior subordinated debentures at fair value - adjustable rate
due in 2037
48,795
7.82
47,850
9.14
Total borrowings
$ 916,054
4.59 % $ 841,281
5.06 %
FHLB-NY Advances
The FHLB-NY advances are fixed rate borrowings with no call provisions. The borrowings original terms range
from one week to five years.
At December 31, 2024, the Company has borrowing availability totaling $2,730.3 million from the FHLB-NY in
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and letters of credit secured with pledged real estate loans totaling $4.1 billion. As of
December 31, 2024, the Company had $2,034.7 million outstanding in combined balances of FHLB-NY advances and
letters of credit.
105
Other Borrowings
At December 31, 2024, the Company had secured lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $1,528.9 million,
with none outstanding and also has unsecured lines of credit with other commercial banks totaling $329.0 million, with
$50.0 million outstanding.
Subordinated Debentures
Subordinated debt totaled $188.3 million at December 31, 2024, which included $1.7 million of unamortized debt
issuance costs. These costs are being amortized to interest expense using the level yield method through the first call date
of the subordinated debt.
The following table shows the terms of the subordinated debt issued by the Holding Company which is
outstanding at December 31, 2024:
Subordinated Debentures
(Dollars in thousands)
Amount
$
65,000 $
125,000
Issue Date
August 24, 2022
November 22, 2021
Initial Rate
6.000 %
3.125 %
First Reset Date
September 1, 2027
December 1, 2026
First Call Date
September 1, 2027
December 1, 2026
Holding Type
Variable
Variable
Spread over 3-month SOFR
3.130 %
2.035 %
Maturity Date
September 1, 2032
December 1, 2031
The subordinated debentures issued by the Company may not be redeemed prior to their respective first call dates,
except that the Company may redeem the subordinated debentures at any time, at its option, in whole but not in part,
subject to obtaining any required regulatory approvals, if (i) a change or prospective change in law occurs that could
prevent the Company from deducting interest payable on the subordinated debt for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (ii) a
subsequent event occurs that precludes the subordinated debt from being recognized as Tier 2 capital for regulatory capital
purposes, or (iii) the Company is required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of
1940, as amended, in each case, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated debt plus
any accrued and unpaid interest through, but excluding, the redemption date.
Junior Subordinated Debentures
The Holding Company has three trusts formed under the laws of the State of Delaware for the purpose of issuing
capital and common securities, and investing the proceeds thereof in $61.9 million of junior subordinated debentures of
the Holding Company. The Holding Company has guaranteed the payment of these trusts’ obligations under their capital
securities. The terms of the junior subordinated debentures are the same as those of the capital securities issued by the
trusts. The securities are callable at any time. The junior subordinated debentures issued by the Holding Company are
carried at fair value in the consolidated financial statements.
The table below shows the terms of the securities issued by the trusts which is outstanding at December 31, 2024.
Flushing Financial Flushing Financial Flushing Financial
Capital Trust II Capital Trust III Capital Trust IV
Issue Date
June 20, 2007
June 21, 2007
July 3, 2007
Initial Rate
7.14 %
6.89 %
6.85 %
First Reset Date
September 1, 2012
June 15, 2012
July 30, 2012
Spread over 3-month SOFR
1.41 %
1.44 %
1.42 %
Maturity Date
September 1, 2037
September 15, 2037
July 30, 2037
106
The consolidated financial statements do not include the securities issued by the trusts, but rather include the
junior subordinated debentures of the Holding Company.
10. Income Taxes
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income tax within U.S. federal, New York, New York City, and
various other state and local jurisdictions. The Company is undergoing an examination of New York City income tax
returns for years ending December 31, 2015 through 2017. The New York State examination of tax years 2015 through
2016 was closed in 2022 and the examination of tax years 2017 through 2019 was closed in September 2024 with no
changes. The Company remains subject to examination for its federal and various other states income tax returns for the
years ending on or after December 31, 2021.
As of December 31, 2024, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards for federal, New York, New York
City, and various other states where tax returns are filed. The gross federal net operating loss carry forward is $42.9 million
and has no expiration. The post-apportioned gross New York net operating loss carryforward is $34.8 million and will
expire in 2044. The post-apportioned gross New York City net operating loss carryforward is $57.2 million and will begin
to expire in 2037. The post-apportioned gross net operating loss carry forwards for all other states where tax returns are
filed is $2.8 million and either have no expiration or various expiration dates based on specific jurisdictional laws.
Income tax provisions are summarized as follows for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Federal:
Current
$ (2,092)
$ 4,904
$ 17,565
Deferred
(8,387)
2,681
4
Total federal tax provision (benefit)
(10,479)
7,585
17,569
State and Local:
Current
1,020
2,544
10,198
Deferred
(7,475)
1,040
140
Total state and local tax provision (benefit)
(6,455)
3,584
10,338
Total provision for income taxes
$ (16,934)
$ 11,169
$ 27,907
The income tax provision in the Consolidated Statements of Operations has been provided at effective rates of
35.1%, 28.0%, and 26.6% for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The effective rates differ
from the statutory federal income tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(Dollars in thousands)
Taxes at federal statutory rate
$ (10,136)
21.0 % $
8,365
21.0 % $ 22,019
21.0 %
Increase (reduction) in taxes resulting
from:
State and local income tax, net of
Federal income tax benefit
(5,099)
10.6
2,831
7.1
8,167
7.8
Tax exempt income, net
(1,258)
2.6
(1,079)
(2.7)
(2,083)
(2.0)
Other
(441)
0.9
1,052
2.6
(196)
(0.2)
Taxes at effective rate
$ (16,934)
35.1 % $ 11,169
28.0 % $ 27,907
26.6 %
107
The components of the net deferred tax assets are as follows at December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for credit losses on loans
$
12,400
$
12,475
Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale*
1,935
24,667
Operating lease liabilities
14,343
12,680
Accrued compensation
10,599
7,882
Stock based compensation
2,181
3,140
Depreciation
3,553
2,711
Derivative adjustments
426
445
Pension and post-retirement benefits
1,941
2,044
Other allowances
2,619
3,609
Acquisition fair value marks
535
637
Net operating losses
15,218
491
Net unrealized losses on pension and post-retirement benefits*
379
172
Other
1,000
1,482
Deferred tax assets
67,129
72,435
Deferred tax liabilities:
Right of use assets
14,144
12,287
Net unrealized gains on cash flow hedges*
4,793
6,667
Deferred loan fees, net
3,933
3,819
Fair value adjustments
2,748
3,110
Net unrealized gains on entity specific fair value*
698
747
Other
408
660
Deferred tax liabilities
26,724
27,290
Net deferred tax asset included in other assets
$
40,405
$
45,145
*Represents the amount of deferred taxes recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss.
At December 31, 2024, after considering all available positive and negative evidence, management concluded
that a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets was not necessary because it is more likely than not that these tax
benefits will be fully realized in future periods. While management continues to evaluate the need for a valuation allowance
prospectively, it is not expected that a valuation allowance will be required based upon projected profitability.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no material unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest
and penalties recorded. The Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly
increase within the next twelve months.
108
11. Stock-Based Compensation
For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company’s net income, as reported, includes $2.2
million, $5.3 million, and $6.2 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation costs as recorded in salaries and
employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations, including the benefit or expense of phantom stock
awards, and $0.8 million, $1.5 million, and $1.6 million, respectively, of income tax benefits related to the stock-based
compensation plans.
The 2024 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2024 Omnibus Plan”) became effective on May 29, 2024, after adoption by
the Board of Directors and approval by the stockholders to replace the 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”).
The 2024 Plan is an “omnibus” stock plan that provides for a variety of equity award vehicles to maintain flexibility. The
2024 Plan, like the 2014 Plan, permits the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards,
restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”), and other stock-based awards.
Currently, awards to employees primarily consist of RSUs and PRSUs and to Company directors of RSUs. The 2024 Plan
authorizes the issuance of up to 974,000 shares. Although no further awards may be granted under the 2014 Plan,
outstanding awards granted prior to February 29, 2024, will continue in accordance with their terms. To the extent that an
award under the 2024 Omnibus Plan is cancelled, expired, forfeited, settled in cash, settled by issuance of fewer shares
than the number underlying the award, or otherwise terminated without delivery of shares to a participant in payment of
the exercise price or taxes relating to an award, the shares retained by or returned to the Company will be available for
future issuance under the 2024 Omnibus Plan. To fund restricted stock unit awards or option exercises, shares are issued
from treasury stock, if available; otherwise, new shares are issued. Options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock,
restricted stock units and other stock-based awards granted under the 2024 Omnibus Plan are generally subject to a
minimum vesting period of three years with stock options having a 10-year maximum contractual term. Other awards do
not have a contractual term of expiration. The Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the
“Compensation Committee”) is authorized to grant awards that vest upon a participant’s retirement. These amounts are
included in stock-based compensation expense at the time of the participant’s retirement eligibility.
The Company has a long-term incentive compensation program for certain Company executive officers that
includes grants of PRSUs in addition to time-based RSU’s. Under the terms of the PRSU Agreement, the number of PRSUs
that may be earned depends on the extent to which performance goals for the award are achieved over a three-year
performance period, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board. The number of PRSUs that may be
earned ranges from 0% to 150% of the target award, with no PRSUs earned for below threshold-level performance, 50%
of PRSUs earned for threshold-level performance, 100% of PRSUs earned for target-level performance, and 150% of
PRSUs earned for maximum-level performance. As of December 31, 2024, PRSU’s granted in 2024 are being accrued at
target, PRSU’s granted in 2023 are being accrued at threshold and PRSU’s granted in 2022 accrued at zero. The different
levels of accrual are commensurate with the projected Company’s performance for the respective grant.
The Company uses the fair value of the common stock on the date of award to measure compensation cost for
restricted stock unit awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the vesting period of the award using the straight-line
method. There were 217,650, 235,850, and 212,811 RSU's granted for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and
2022, respectively, and 67,350, 79,050, and 63,250 PRSU’s granted for the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and
2022, respectively.
109
The following table summarizes the Company’s RSU and PRSU awards under the 2024 Omnibus Plan for
the year ended December 31, 2024:
RSU Awards
PRSU Awards
Weighted-Average
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date
Grant-Date
Shares
Fair Value
Shares
Fair Value
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2023
280,161
$
21.14
77,570
$
20.08
Granted
217,650
16.92
67,350
16.81
Reduced shares due to performance factor
—
— (28,720)
21.85
Vested
(166,315)
20.02 (33,040)
18.58
Forfeitures
(8,700)
19.42
—
—
Non-vested awards at December 31, 2024
322,796
$
18.91
83,160
$
17.42
Vested but unissued at December 31, 2024
211,154
$
20.30
23,715
$
19.99
As of December 31, 2024, there was $4.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSU and
PRSU awards granted under the 2024 and 2014 Omnibus Plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-
average period of 2.1 years. The total fair value of awards vested for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022
were $2.9 million, $5.8 million, and $7.6 million, respectively. The vested but unissued RSU awards consist of awards
made to employees and directors who are eligible for retirement. The vested but unissued PRSU awards consist of awards
made to employees who are eligible for retirement. According to the terms of these awards, which provide for vesting
upon retirement, these employees and directors have no risk of forfeiture. These shares will be issued at the original
contractual vesting and settlement dates.
Phantom Stock Plan: The Company maintains a non-qualified phantom stock plan as a supplement to its profit
sharing plan for officers who have achieved the designated level and completed one year of service. Awards are made
under this plan on certain compensation not eligible for contributions made under the profit sharing plan, due to the terms
of the profit sharing plan and the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). Employees
receive awards under this plan proportionate to the amount they would have received under the profit sharing plan, but for
limits imposed by the profit sharing plan and the Internal Revenue Code. The awards are made as cash awards, and then
converted to common stock equivalents (phantom shares) at the then current fair value of the Company’s common stock.
Dividends are credited to each employee’s account in the form of additional phantom shares each time the Company pays
a dividend on its common stock. In the event of a change of control (as defined in this plan), an employee’s interest is
converted to a fixed dollar amount and deemed to be invested in the same manner as their interest in the Bank’s non-
qualified deferred compensation plan. Employees vest under this plan 20% per year for the first 5 years of employment
and are 100% vested thereafter. Employees also become 100% vested upon a change of control. Employees receive their
vested interest in this plan in the form of a cash lump sum payment or installments, as elected by the employee, after
termination of employment. The Company adjusts its liability under this plan to the fair value of the shares at the end of
each period.
The following table summarizes the Company’s Phantom Stock Plan at or for the year ended December 31, 2024:
Phantom Stock Plan
Shares
Fair Value
Weighted-
Average Fair
Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023
180,847
$
16.48
Granted
16,669
$
13.85
Distributions
(1,645)
$
15.65
Outstanding and vested at December 31, 2024
195,871
$
14.28
The Company recorded stock-based compensation (benefit) expense for the phantom stock plan of ($0.2) million,
($0.3) million, and ($0.6) million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. The total fair
value of distributions from the phantom stock plan were $26,000, $21,000, and $23,000 for the years ended December 31,
2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
110
12. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
The amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, on a pre-tax basis, consist of the following,
as of December 31:
Net Actuarial
Loss (Gain)
Total
2024
2023
2022
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Employee Retirement Plan
$
4,380
$
3,978
$
3,944
$
4,380
$
3,978
$
3,944
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
(2,074)
(2,268)
(2,512)
(2,074)
(2,268)
(2,512)
Outside Directors Plan
(1,079)
(1,158)
(1,034)
(1,079)
(1,158)
(1,034)
Total
$
1,227
$
552
$
398
$
1,227
$
552
$
398
Employee Retirement Plan:
The Company has a funded noncontributory defined benefit retirement plan covering substantially all of its
salaried employees who were hired before September 1, 2005 (the “Retirement Plan”). The benefits are based on years of
service and the employee’s compensation during the three consecutive years out of the final ten years of service, which
was completed prior to September 30, 2006, the date the Retirement Plan was frozen, that produces the highest average.
The Bank’s funding policy is to contribute annually the amount recommended by the Retirement Plan’s actuary. At
December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank's Retirement Plan is invested 100% in fixed income funds. The Company did not
make a contribution to the Retirement Plan during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. Net pension
(benefit) expense is recorded in salaries and employee benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The
Company uses a December 31 measurement date for the Retirement Plan.
The following table sets forth, for the Retirement Plan, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for the
Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Change in benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year
$
17,032
$
17,172
Interest cost
774
812
Actuarial (gain) loss
(789)
199
Benefits paid
(1,209)
(1,151)
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
15,808
17,032
Change in plan assets:
Market value of assets at beginning of year
19,220
19,065
Actual return on plan assets
(89)
1,306
Benefits paid
(1,209)
(1,151)
Market value of plan assets at end of year
17,922
19,220
Accrued pension asset included in other assets
$
2,114
$
2,188
Assumptions used to determine the Retirement Plan’s benefit obligations are as follows at December 31:
2024 2023
Weighted average discount rate
5.39 %
4.73 %
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
n/a
n/a
111
The mortality assumptions for 2024 and 2023 were based on the Pri-2012 Total Dataset with Scale MP-2021.
The components of the net pension (benefit) expense for the Retirement Plan are as follows for the years ended
December 31:
2024
2023
2022
(in thousands)
Interest cost
$
774
$
812
$
553
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss
—
—
5
Expected return on plan assets
(1,135)
(1,109)
(1,031)
Net pension (benefit) expense
(361)
(297)
(473)
Current year actuarial (gain) loss
402
34
2,535
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses
—
—
(5)
Total recognized in other comprehensive (income) loss
402
34
2,530
Total recognized in net pension (benefit) expense and other comprehensive
(income) loss
$
41
$
(263)
$
2,057
Assumptions used to develop periodic pension cost for the Retirement Plan for the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
Weighted average discount rate
4.73 %
4.93 %
2.58 %
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
n/a
n/a
n/a
Expected long-term rate of return on assets
5.00 %
4.75 %
4.25 %
The following benefit payments are expected to be paid by the Retirement Plan for the years ending December 31:
Future Benefit
Payments
(In thousands)
2025
$
1,283
2026
1,274
2027
1,275
2028
1,269
2029
1,265
2030-2034
6,081
The long-term rate of return on assets assumption was set based on historical returns earned by fixed income
securities, adjusted to reflect expectations of future returns as applied to the plan’s target allocation of asset classes. Fixed
income securities were assumed to earn real rates of return in the ranges of 3-5%. When these overall return expectations
are applied to the plans target allocation, the result is an expected rate return of 5.00% for 2024.
The Retirement Plan’s weighted average asset allocations by asset category at December 31:
2024 2023
Debt securities
100 %
100 %
At December 31, 2024, Plan assets are invested in a diversified mix of fixed income funds.
112
The long-term investment objectives are to maintain plan assets at a level that will sufficiently cover long-term
obligations and to generate a return on plan assets that will meet or exceed the rate at which long-term obligations will
grow. Adjustments to this mix are made periodically based on current capital market conditions and plan funding levels.
Performance of the investment fund managers is monitored on an ongoing basis using modern portfolio risk analysis and
appropriate index benchmarks.
The Company does not expect to make a contribution to the Retirement Plan in 2025.
The following table sets forth the Retirement Plan’s assets at the periods indicated:
At December 31,
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Pooled Separate Accounts
Long duration bond fund (a)
$ 4,349
$ 4,842
Long corporate bond fund (b)
3,496
3,907
Prudential short term (c)
271
363
Mutual Fund
Investment grade bond fund (d)
9,806
10,108
Total
$ 17,922
$ 19,220
a.
Comprised of fixed income securities with durations of longer than six years that seek to maximize total return
consistent with the preservation of capital and prudent investment management.
b. Comprised of corporate bonds with an average duration within 0.25 years of the benchmark and its average credit
quality is no lower than BBB. The fund seeks to outperform the Bloomberg Barclays Long Corporate Bond Index.
c.
Comprised of money market instruments with an emphasis on safety and liquidity.
d. Comprised of high quality corporate bonds diversified broadly across industries, issuers and regions. The funds
primary benchmark is the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Credit Index.
The fair value of the mutual fund is determined daily using quoted market prices in an open market (level 1). The
fair value of the pooled separate accounts is determined by the investment manager and is based on the value of the
underlying assets held at December 31, 2024 and 2023. These are measured at net asset value under the practical expedient
with future redemption dates.
The fair values of the Plan’s investments in pooled separate accounts are calculated each business day. All
investments can be redeemed on a daily basis without restriction. The investments in pooled separate accounts, which are
valued at net asset value, have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with Accounting Standards
Update (“ASU”) No. 2015-07 “Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share
(or Its Equivalent)”.
113
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans:
The Company sponsors two unfunded postretirement benefit plans (the “Postretirement Plans”) that cover all
retirees hired prior to January 1, 2011, who were full-time permanent employees with at least five years of service, and
their spouses. Effective January 1, 2011, the Postretirement Plans are no longer available for new hires. One plan provides
medical benefits through a 50% cost sharing arrangement. Effective January 1, 2000, the spouses of future retirees were
required to pay 100% of the premiums for their coverage. The other plan provides life insurance benefits and is
noncontributory. Effective January 1, 2010, life insurance benefits are not available for future retirees. Under these
programs, eligible retirees receive lifetime medical and life insurance coverage for themselves and lifetime medical
coverage for their spouses. Net postretirement (benefit) expense is recorded in salaries and employee benefits on the
Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company reserves the right to amend or terminate these plans at its discretion.
Comprehensive medical plan benefits equal the lesser of the normal plan benefit or the total amount not paid by
Medicare. Life insurance benefits for retirees are based on annual compensation and age at retirement. As of December 31,
2024, the Company has not funded these plans. The Company used a December 31 measurement date for these plans.
The following table sets forth, for the Postretirement Plans, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for
the Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Change in benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year
$ 8,272
$ 7,851
Service cost
164
158
Interest cost
385
381
Actuarial (gain) loss
(20)
6
Benefits paid
(146)
(124)
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
8,655
8,272
Change in plan assets:
Market value of assets at beginning of year
—
—
Employer contributions
146
124
Benefits paid
(146)
(124)
Market value of plan assets at end of year
—
—
Accrued pension cost included in other liabilities
$ 8,655
$ 8,272
Assumptions used in determining the actuarial present value of the accumulated postretirement benefit obligations
at December 31 are as follows:
2024 2023
Discount rate
5.39 %
4.73 %
Rate of increase in health care costs
Initial
8.00 %
7.50 %
Ultimate (year 2027)
4.54 %
4.54 %
Annual rate of salary increase for life insurance
n/a
n/a
114
The mortality assumptions for 2024 and 2023 were based on the Pri-2012 with Scale MP-2021.
The resulting net periodic postretirement expense consisted of the following components for the years ended
December 31:
2024 2023
2022
(In thousands)
Service cost
$
164
$
158
$
269
Interest cost
385
381
277
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss
(214)
(238)
—
Amortization of past service credit
—
—
(27)
Net postretirement benefit expense
335
301
519
Current year actuarial gain (loss)
(20)
6
(3,444)
Amortization of actuarial (gain) loss
214
238
—
Amortization of prior service credit
—
—
27
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
194
244
(3,417)
Total recognized in net postretirement (benefit) expense and
other comprehensive income (loss)
$
529
$
545
$ (2,898)
Assumptions used to develop periodic postretirement expense for the Postretirement Plans for the years ended
December 31:
2024 2023 2022
Rate of return on plan assets
n/a
n/a
n/a
Discount rate
4.73 % 4.93 % 2.58 %
Rate of increase in health care costs
Initial
7.50 % 7.50 % 7.50 %
Ultimate (year 2027)
4.54 % 4.44 % 5.00 %
Annual rate of salary increase for life insurance
n/a
n/a
n/a
The following benefit payments under the Postretirement Plan, which reflect expected future service, are expected
to be paid for the years ending December 31:
Future Benefit
Payments
(In thousands)
2025
$
302
2026
374
2027
446
2028
471
2029
488
2030-2034
3,292
Defined Contribution Plans:
The Bank maintains a tax qualified 401(k) plan which covers substantially all salaried employees who have
completed one year of service. Currently, annual matching contributions under the Bank’s 401(k) plan equal 50% of the
employee’s contributions, up to a maximum of 3% of the employee’s base salary. In addition, the 401(k) plan includes the
Defined Contribution Retirement Plan (“DCRP”), under which the Bank contributes an amount equal to 4% of an
employee’s eligible compensation as defined in the plan, and the Profit Sharing Plan (“PSP”) under, which at the discretion
of the Company’s Board of Directors, a contribution is made. Employees hired after December 31, 2019 are not eligible
to receive DCRP and PSP contributions. Contributions for the DCRP and PSP are made in the form of Company common
stock at or after the end of each year. Annual contributions under these plans are subject to the limits imposed under the
115
Internal Revenue Code. Contributions by the Company into the 401(k) plan vest 20% per year over the employee’s first
five years of service. Contributions to these plans are 100% vested upon a change of control (as defined in the applicable
plan). Compensation expense recorded by the Company for these plans amounted to $4.6 million, $3.4 million, and $4.7
million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
The Bank provides a non-qualified deferred compensation plan as an incentive for officers who have achieved
the designated level and completed one year of service. In addition to the amounts deferred by the officers, the Bank
matches 50% of their contributions, generally up to a maximum of 5% of the officers’ base salary. Matching contributions
under this plan vest 20% per year for five years. The non-qualified deferred compensation plan assets are held in a rabbi
trust totaling $21.1 million and $18.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Contributions become 100%
vested upon a change of control (as defined in the plan). Compensation expense recorded by the Company for this plan
amounted to $0.5 million for each of the years 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Outside Director Retirement Plan:
The Bank has an unfunded noncontributory defined benefit Outside Director Retirement Plan (the “Directors’
Plan”), which provides benefits to each non-employee director who became a non-employee director before January 1,
2004. Upon termination an eligible director will be paid an annual retirement benefit equal to $48,000. Such benefit will
be paid in equal monthly installments for 120 months. In the event of a termination of Board service due to a change of
control, an eligible non-employee director will receive a cash lump sum payment equal to 120 months of benefit. In the
event of the director’s death, the surviving spouse will receive the equivalent benefit. No benefits will be payable to a
director who is removed for cause. The Holding Company has guaranteed the payment of benefits under the Directors’
Plan, for this reason the Bank has assets held in a rabbi trust totaling $2.1 million and $2.0 million at December 31, 2024
and 2023, respectively. Net pension (benefit) expense is recorded in other operating expense on the Consolidated
Statements of Operations. The Bank uses a December 31 measurement date for the Directors’ Plan.
The following table sets forth, for the Directors’ Plan, the change in benefit obligation and assets, and for the
Company, the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31:
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Change in benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year
$ 1,016
$ 1,302
Service cost
9
8
Interest cost
45
59
Actuarial (gain) loss
(75)
(285)
Benefits paid
(24)
(68)
Projected benefit obligation at end of year
971
1,016
Change in plan assets:
Market value of assets at beginning of year
—
—
Employer contributions
24
68
Benefits paid
(24)
(68)
Market value of plan assets at end of year
—
—
Accrued pension cost included in other liabilities
$
971
$ 1,016
116
The components of the net pension expense for the Directors’ Plan are as follows for the years ended
December 31:
2024 2023 2022
(In thousands)
Service cost
$
9
$
8
$
11
Interest cost
45
59
48
Amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss
(154)
(161)
(29)
Net pension expense (income)
(100)
(94)
30
Current actuarial (gain) loss
(75)
(285)
(623)
Amortization of actuarial gain (loss)
154
161
29
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
79
(124)
(594)
Total recognized in net pension expense and other
comprehensive income (loss)
$
(21)
$ (218)
$ (564)
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations and periodic pension expense for the Directors’ Plan for
the years ended December 31:
2024
2023
2022
Weighted average discount rate for the benefit obligation
5.39 %
4.73 %
4.93 %
Weighted average discount rate for periodic pension benefit expense
4.73 %
4.93 %
2.58 %
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
n/a
n/a
n/a
The following benefit payments under the Directors’ Plan, which reflect expected future service, are expected to
be paid for the years ending December 31:
Future Benefit
Payments
(In thousands)
2025
$
96
2026
96
2027
96
2028
96
2029
96
2030 - 2034
684
13. Stockholders’ Equity
Dividend Restrictions on the Bank:
In connection with the Bank’s conversion from mutual to stock form in November 1995, a special liquidation
account was established at the time of conversion, in accordance with the requirements of its primary regulator, which was
equal to its capital as of June 30, 1995. The liquidation account is reduced as and to the extent that eligible account holders
have reduced their qualifying deposits. Subsequent increases in deposits do not restore an eligible account holder’s interest
in the liquidation account. In the event of a complete liquidation of the Bank, each eligible account holder will be entitled
to receive a distribution from the liquidation account in an amount proportionate to the current adjusted qualifying balances
for accounts then held. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Bank’s liquidation account was $0.3 million and was
presented within retained earnings.
In addition to the restriction described above, New York State and Federal banking regulations place certain
restrictions on dividends paid by the Bank to the Holding Company. The total amount of dividends which may be paid at
any date is generally limited to the net income of the Bank for the current year and prior two years, less any dividends
117
previously paid from those earnings. As of December 31, 2024, the Bank did not have retained earnings available to
distribute to the Holding Company in the form of cash dividends.
In addition, dividends paid by the Bank to the Holding Company would be prohibited if the effect thereof would
cause the Bank’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum capital requirements.
The amount of dividends the Holding Company can declare and pay is generally limited to its net profits for the
preceding year less dividends paid during that period. In addition, dividends paid by the Holding Company would be
prohibited if the effect thereof would cause the Holding Company’s capital to be reduced below applicable minimum
capital requirements.
Treasury Stock Transactions:
The Holding Company did not repurchase any of its common stock during the year ended December 31, 2024.
The Holding Company repurchased 786,498 common shares at an average cost of $14.59 during the year ended
December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2024, 807,964 shares remained subject to repurchase under the authorized stock
repurchase program. Stock will be purchased under the authorized stock repurchase program from time to time, in the
open market or through private transactions, subject to market conditions and at the discretion of the management of the
Company. There is no expiration or maximum dollar amount under this authorization.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):
The following are changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the years
ended:
Unrealized Gains Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
(Losses) on
Fair Value
Available for Sale
Cash flow
Defined Benefit Option Elected
December 31, 2024
Securities
Hedges
Pension Items on Liabilities Total
(In thousands)
Beginning balance, net of tax
$
(54,744)
$
14,796
$
(381) $
1,678
$ (38,651)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
reclassifications, net of tax
429
13,449
(213)
(94)
13,571
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
49,984
(17,517)
(254)
—
32,213
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of
tax
50,413
(4,068)
(467)
(94)
45,784
Ending balance, net of tax
$
(4,331)
$
10,728
$
(848) $
1,584
$
7,133
Unrealized Gains Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
(Losses) on
Fair Value
Available for Sale
Cash flow
Defined Benefit Option Elected
December 31, 2023
Securities
Hedges
Pension Items on Liabilities Total
(In thousands)
Beginning balance, net of tax
$
(63,106)
$
25,380
$
(275) $
1,513
$ (36,488)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
reclassifications, net of tax
8,362
6,943
170
165
15,640
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
—
(17,527)
(276)
—
(17,803)
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of
tax
8,362
(10,584)
(106)
165
(2,163)
Ending balance, net of tax
$
(54,744)
$
14,796
$
(381) $
1,678
$ (38,651)
118
Unrealized Gains Unrealized Gains
(Losses) on
(Losses) on
Fair Value
Available for Sale
Cash flow
Defined Benefit Option Elected
December 31, 2022
Securities
Hedges
Pension Items
on Liabilities
Total
(In thousands)
Beginning balance, net of tax
$
(6,272)
$
(1,406) $
(1,282) $
2,276 $ (6,684)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
reclassifications, net of tax
(64,381)
23,812
1,043
(763) (40,289)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
7,547
2,974
(36)
— 10,485
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of
tax
(56,834)
26,786
1,007
(763) (29,804)
Ending balance, net of tax
$
(63,106)
$
25,380
$
(275) $
1,513 $ (36,488)
The following tables set forth significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by
component for the periods indicated:
For the year ended December 31, 2024
Amounts Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other
Accumulated Other
Affected Line Item in the Statement
Comprehensive Income Components
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Where Net Income (Loss) is Presented
(In thousands)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available
for sale securities:
$
(72,315)
Net gain (loss) on sale of securities
22,331
Provision for income taxes
$
(49,984)
Net of tax
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense)
$
25,344 Interest expense
(7,827) Provision for income taxes
$
17,517
Amortization of defined benefit
pension items:
Actuarial losses benefit (expense)
$
367 (1) Other operating expense
(113) Provision for income taxes
$
254
For the year ended December 31, 2023
Amounts Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other
Accumulated Other
Affected Line Item in the Statement
Comprehensive Income Components
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Where Net Income (Loss) is Presented
(In thousands)
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense)
$
25,424 Interest expense
(7,897) Provision for income taxes
$
17,527
Amortization of defined benefit
pension items:
Actuarial losses benefit (expense)
$
399 (1) Other operating expense
(123)
Provision for income taxes
$
276
119
For the year ended December 31, 2022
Amounts Reclassified from
Details about Accumulated Other
Accumulated Other
Affected Line Item in the Statement
Comprehensive Income Components
Comprehensive Income
Where Net Income is Presented
(In thousands)
Unrealized gains (losses) on available
for sale securities:
$
(10,948) Net gain (loss) on sale of securities
3,401 Provision for income taxes
$
(7,547) Net of tax
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps benefit (expense)
$
(4,341) Interest expense
1,367 Provision for income taxes
$
(2,974)
Net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension
items:
Actuarial losses benefit (expense)
$
24 (1) Other operating expenses
Prior service credits benefit (expense)
27 (1) Other operating expenses
51
Total before tax
(15) Provision for income taxes
$
36
(1) These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. See Note 12 (“Pension and
Other Postretirement Benefit Plans”) for additional information.
14. Regulatory Capital
Under current capital regulations, the Bank is required to comply with four separate capital adequacy standards.
These capital adequacy standards require maintaining minimum ratios of tier 1 capital (4.0%), common equity tier 1 capital
(“CET1”) (4.5%), tier 1 risk-based capital (6.0%) and total risk-based capital (8.0%). As of December 31, 2024 and 2023,
the Bank continued to exceed all capital adequacy levels and was categorized as “well-capitalized” under these regulations.
Additionally, the Bank is also required to comply with a capital conservation buffer (“CCB”). The CCB is designed to
establish a capital range above minimum capital requirements and impose constraints on dividends, share buybacks and
discretionary bonus payments when capital levels fall below prescribed levels. The minimum CCB is 2.5%. The CCB for
the Bank at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 5.11% and 4.81%, respectively.
120
Set forth below is a summary of the Bank’s compliance with banking regulatory capital standards.
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Percent of
Percent of
Amount
Assets
Amount
Assets
(Dollars in thousands)
Tier I (leverage) capital:
Capital level
$
847,588
9.31 % $
825,104
9.47 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
455,335
5.00
435,792
5.00
Excess
392,253
4.31
389,312
4.47
Common Equity Tier I risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
847,588
12.51 % $
825,104
12.22 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
440,259
6.50
438,878
6.50
Excess
407,329
6.01
386,226
5.72
Tier I risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
847,588
12.51 % $
825,104
12.22 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
541,857
8.00
540,157
8.00
Excess
305,731
4.51
284,947
4.22
Total risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
887,902
13.11 % $
864,999
12.81 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
677,321
10.00
675,196
10.00
Excess
210,581
3.11
189,803
2.81
The Holding Company is subject to the same regulatory capital requirements as the Bank. As of December 31,
2024, the Holding Company continues to exceed all capital adequacy levels and was categorized as “well-capitalized”
under these regulations. The CCB for the Holding Company at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was 4.82% and 4.93%,
respectively.
Set forth below is a summary of the Holding Company’s compliance with banking regulatory capital standards.
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Percent of
Percent of
Amount
Assets
Amount
Assets
(Dollars in thousands)
Tier I (leverage) capital:
Capital level
$
731,958
8.04 % $
737,732
8.47 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
455,297
5.00
435,748
5.00
Excess
276,661
3.04
301,984
3.47
Common Equity Tier I risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
685,004
10.13 % $
691,754
10.25 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
439,533
6.50
438,770
6.50
Excess
245,471
3.63
252,984
3.75
Tier I risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
731,958
10.82 % $
737,732
10.93 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
540,964
8.00
540,024
8.00
Excess
190,994
2.82
197,708
2.93
Total risk-based capital:
Capital level
$
962,272
14.23 % $
967,627
14.33 %
Requirement to be well-capitalized
676,205
10.00
675,030
10.00
Excess
286,067
4.23
292,597
4.33
121
15. Leases
The Company has 32 operating leases for branches (including headquarters) and office spaces, three operating
leases for vehicles, and one operating lease for equipment. Our leases have remaining lease terms ranging from less than
six months to approximately 12 years, none of which has a renewal option reasonably certain of exercise, which has been
reflected in the Company’s calculation of lease term.
The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption such that the Company will not recognize
ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term of less than 12 months from the commencement date. The Company
has two agreements in 2024 and five agreements in 2023 that qualified as short-term leases.
Certain leases have escalation clauses for operating expenses and real estate taxes. The Company’s non-
cancelable Operating lease agreements expire through 2036.
Supplemental information related to leases was as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Operating lease ROU assets
$
45,800
$
39,557
Operating lease liabilities
$
46,443
$
40,822
Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases
7.3 years
6.1 years
Weighted average discount rate-operating leases
4.0%
3.2%
The components of lease expense and cash flow information related to leases were as follows:
For the years ended December 31,
(In thousands)
Line Item Presented
2024
2023
2022
Lease Cost
Operating lease cost
Occupancy and equipment
$
9,100 $
8,737 $
8,510
Operating lease cost
Other operating expenses
65
89
93
Short-term lease cost
Professional Services, Occupancy
and equipment and Other operating
expenses
137
212
193
Variable lease cost
Occupancy and equipment
1,247
1,128
999
Total lease cost
$
10,549 $ 10,166 $
9,795
Other information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases
$
9,835 $ 10,429 $
9,459
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
$
13,806 $
3,866 $
1,208
122
The Company’s minimum annual rental payments at December 31, 2024 for Bank facilities due under non-
cancelable leases are as follows:
Minimum Rental
(In thousands)
Years ended December 31:
2025
$
8,895
2026
9,808
2027
6,158
2028
5,928
2029
4,627
Thereafter
19,419
Total minimum payments required
54,835
Less: implied interest
(8,392)
Total lease obligations
$
46,443
16. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments:
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to
meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and lines of
credit. The instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and market risks in excess of the amount recognized
in the consolidated financial statements.
The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to the financial
instrument for loan commitments and lines of credit is represented by the contractual amounts of these instruments.
Commitments to extend credit amounted to $409.5 million at a weighted average rate of 7.75% at December 31,
2024. Included in these commitments were $5.6 million of fixed-rate commitments at a weighted average rate of 6.89%
and $403.9 million of adjustable-rate commitments with a weighted average rate of 7.76%, as of December 31, 2024.
Since generally all loan commitments are expected to be drawn upon, the total loan commitments approximate future cash
requirements, whereas the amounts of lines of credit may not be indicative of the Company’s future cash requirements.
The loan commitments generally expire in 90 days, while construction loan lines of credit mature within eighteen months
and home equity lines of credit mature within ten years. The Company uses the same credit policies in making
commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.
Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation
of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and require payment of a
fee. The Company evaluates each customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Collateral held consists primarily
of real estate.
The Bank collateralized a portion of its deposits with letters of credit issued by FHLB-NY. At December 31,
2024 and 2023, there were $1,405.7 million and $1,118.7 million, respectively, of letters of credit outstanding. The letters
of credit are collateralized by mortgage loans pledged by the Bank.
The Company has purchase obligations running through 2027 totaling $13.3 million and $12.5 million as of
December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are primarily related to contracts with data processing, loan servicing
and check processing services provided by third-party vendors. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the
Company purchased $8.4 million and $6.5 million, respectively, of services provided by third-party vendors.
123
The Company’s future non-cancellable purchase obligations, which were not recognized in our Consolidated
Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2024, are as follows:
Year ended December 31:
(In thousands)
2025
$
9,298
2026
3,627
2027
400
Total
$
13,325
The Trusts issued capital securities with a par value of $61.9 million in June and July 2007. The Holding
Company has guaranteed the payment of the Trusts’ obligations under these capital securities.
Contingencies:
The Company is a defendant in various lawsuits. Management of the Company, after consultation with outside
legal counsel, believes that the resolution of these various matters will not result in any material adverse effect on the
Company’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
17. Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company’s lending is concentrated in the New York City metropolitan area. The Company evaluates each
customer’s creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis under the Company’s established underwriting policies. The collateral
obtained by the Company generally consists of first liens on one-to-four family residential, multi-family residential, and
commercial real estate. The largest amount the Bank could lend to one borrower was approximately $127.1 million and
$123.8 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Bank’s largest aggregate amount of outstanding loans
to one borrower was $93.0 million, and $103.2 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, all of which were
performing according to their terms.
18. Related Party Transactions
Certain directors, senior officers, and their related parties, including their immediate families and companies in
which they are principal owners, were deposit customers of the Bank. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no
outstanding loans to any related party. Deposits of related parties totaled $5.6 million and $4.9 million at December 31,
2024 and 2023, respectively.
19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company carries certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value in accordance with GAAP which
defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands
disclosures about fair value measurements. GAAP permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and
certain other items at fair value. The Company did not purchase or sell any financial assets or liabilities under the fair
value option during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.
Management selected the fair value option for certain investment securities, and certain borrowed funds as the
yield, at the time of election, on the financial assets was below-market, while the rate on the financial liabilities was above-
market rate. Management also considered the average duration of these instruments, which, for investment securities, was
longer than the average for the portfolio of securities, and, for borrowings, primarily represented the longer-term
borrowings of the Company. Choosing these instruments for the fair value option adjusted the carrying value of these
financial assets and financial liabilities to their current fair value, and more closely aligned the financial performance of
the Company with the economic value of these financial instruments. Management believed that electing the fair value
option for these financial assets and financial liabilities allows them to better react to changes in interest rates. At the time
of election, Management did not elect the fair value option for investment securities and borrowings with shorter duration,
124
adjustable-rates, and yields that approximated the then current market rate, as management believed that these financial
assets and financial liabilities approximated their economic value.
The following table presents the financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value under the fair value
option at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the changes in fair value included in the Consolidated Statements of
Operations – Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments:
Changes in Fair Values For Items Measured at Fair Value
Fair Value
Fair Value
Pursuant to Election of the Fair Value Option
Measurements at
Measurements at
For the years ended December 31,
Description
December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Mortgage-backed securities
$
237
$
262 $
8
$
6
$
(27)
Other securities
13,355
13,097
(83)
81
(1,639)
Borrowed funds
48,795
47,850
(864)
2,486
7,394
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments
$
(939)
$
2,573
$
5,728
Included in the fair value of the financial assets and financial liabilities selected for the fair value option is the
accrued interest receivable or payable for the related instrument. The Company reports as interest income or interest
expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, the interest receivable or payable on the financial instruments
selected for the fair value option at their respective contractual rates.
The borrowed funds have a contractual principal amount of $61.9 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023. The
fair value of borrowed funds includes accrued interest payable of $0.4 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023.
The Company generally holds its earning assets, other than securities available for sale, to maturity and settles its
liabilities at maturity. However, fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time and are based on relevant market
information. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time
the Company’s entire holdings of a particular instrument. Accordingly, as assumptions change, such as interest rates and
prepayments, fair value estimates change and these amounts may not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale.
Disclosure of fair value does not require fair value information for items that do not meet the definition of a
financial instrument or certain other financial instruments specifically excluded from its requirements. These items include
core deposit intangibles and other customer relationships, premises and equipment, leases, income taxes and equity.
Further, fair value disclosure does not attempt to value future income or business. These items may be material
and accordingly, the fair value information presented does not purport to represent, nor should it be construed to represent,
the underlying “market” or franchise value of the Company.
Financial assets and financial liabilities reported at fair value are required to be measured based on either:
(1) quoted prices in active markets for identical financial instruments (Level 1); (2) significant other observable inputs
(Level 2); or (3) significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair value of the Company’s
assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:
Level 1 – where quoted market prices are available in an active market. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, Level
1 included one mutual fund.
Level 2 – when quoted market prices are not available, fair value is estimated using quoted market prices for
similar financial instruments and adjusted for differences between the quoted instrument and the instrument being valued.
Fair value can also be estimated by using pricing models, or discounted cash flows. Pricing models primarily use market-
based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates,
equity or debt prices and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models also incorporate maturity
and cash flow assumptions. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, Level 2 included mortgage related securities, CLOs,
corporate debt, U.S. government agencies and interest rate swaps.
125
Level 3 – when there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation, financial instruments
are classified as Level 3. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, Level 3 included trust preferred securities owned and junior
subordinated debentures issued by the Company and municipals.
The methods described above may produce fair values that may not be indicative of net realizable value or
reflective of future fair values. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with
those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies, assumptions and models to determine fair value of
certain financial instruments could produce different estimates of fair value at the reporting date.
The following table sets forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring
basis, including those reported at fair value under the fair value option, and the level that was used to determine their fair
value, at December 31:
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
Significant Other
Significant Other
for Identical Assets
Observable Inputs
Unobservable Inputs
Total carried at fair value
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
on a recurring basis
2024
2023
2024
2023
2024
2023
2024
2023
Assets:
(In thousands)
Securities available for sale:
Mortgage-backed securities
$
—
$
—
$ 911,636
$ 354,344
$
—
$
—
$ 911,636
$ 354,344
Other securities
11,890
11,660
554,914
507,312
19,465
1,437
586,269
520,409
Interest rate swaps
—
—
54,700
69,013
—
—
54,700
69,013
Total assets
$ 11,890
$
11,660
$ 1,521,250
$ 930,669
$
19,465
$
1,437
$ 1,552,605
$ 943,766
Liabilities:
Borrowings
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
48,795
$
47,850
$
48,795
$ 47,850
Interest rate swaps
—
—
20,396
28,401
—
—
20,396
28,401
Total liabilities
$
—
$
—
$
20,396
$
28,401
$
48,795
$
47,850
$
69,191
$ 76,251
The following tables set forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring
basis, classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy for the periods indicated:
For the year ended
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Trust preferred Junior subordinated Trust preferred Junior subordinated
Municipals
securities
debentures
securities
debentures
(In thousands)
Beginning balance
$
— $
1,437 $
47,850 $
1,516 $
50,507
Transfer to Level 3 (2)
18,000
—
—
—
—
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustment of financial assets (1)
—
30
—
(81)
—
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustment of financial liabilities (1)
—
—
864
—
(2,486)
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest
—
(2)
(61)
2
68
Change in unrealized (gains) losses included in other
comprehensive loss
—
—
142
—
(239)
Ending balance
$ 18,000 $
1,465 $
48,795 $
1,437 $
47,850
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) held at period end
$
— $
— $
2,283 $
— $
2,425
(1)
Presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations under Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments.
(2)
Transferred from held-to-maturity to available-for-sale with an amortized cost of $20.6 million and a fair value of $18.0 million.
126
The following tables present the qualitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value of financial instruments
and the fair value measurements at the periods indicated:
December 31, 2024
Valuation
Input
Weighted
Fair Value
Technique
Unobservable
Range
Average
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Municipals
$
18,000 Sales approach
Reduction for planned expedited disposal
n/a
n/a
Trust preferred securities
1,465 Discounted cash flows
Spread over 3-month SOFR
4.3 %
n/a
Liabilities:
Junior subordinated debentures
$
48,795 Discounted cash flows
Spread over 3-month SOFR
4.3 %
n/a
December 31, 2023
Valuation
Input
Weighted
Fair Value
Technique
Unobservable
Range
Average
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Trust preferred securities
$
1,437
Discounted cash flows
Spread over 3-month SOFR
4.4 %
n/a
Liabilities:
Junior subordinated debentures
$
47,850
Discounted cash flows
Spread over 3-month SOFR
4.4 %
n/a
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s trust preferred
securities and junior subordinated debentures valued under Level 3 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, are the effective yields
used in the cash flow models. Significant increases or decreases in the effective yield in isolation would result in a
significantly lower or higher fair value measurement.
The following table sets forth the Company’s assets that are carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and the
level that was used to determine their fair value, at December 31:
Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
Significant Other
Significant Other
for Identical Assets
Observable Inputs
Unobservable Inputs
Total carried at fair value
(Level 1)
(Level 2)
(Level 3)
on a non-recurring basis
2024
2023
2024
2023
2024
2023
2024
2023
(In thousands)
Assets:
Impaired loans
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
$ 16,784
$
5,279
$ 16,784
$
5,279
Total assets
$
—
$
—
$
—
$
—
$ 16,784
$
5,279
$ 16,784
$
5,279
The following tables present the qualitative information about non-recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of
financial instruments at the periods indicated:
At December 31, 2024
Fair Value Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range
Weighted Average
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Impaired loans
$
4,121
Sales approach
Adjustment to sales comparison value
- %
- %
Reduction for planned expedited disposal
15.0 %
15.0 %
Impaired loans
$
2,453
Discounted
Cashflow
Discount Rate
9.3% to 10.0 %
9.5 %
Probability of Default
25.0% to 50.0 %
33.2 %
Impaired loans
$ 10,210
Income approach
Capitalization rate
4.8% to 6.5 %
5.7 %
Reduction for planned expedited disposal
15.0 %
15.0 %
127
At December 31, 2023
Fair Value Valuation Technique
Unobservable Input
Range
Weighted Average
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Impaired loans
$ 1,105
Sales approach
Adjustment to sales comparison value
-16.9% to -6.0 %
-11.5%
Reduction for planned expedited disposal
n/a
15.0 %
Impaired loans
$ 4,174
Discounted
Cashflow
Discount Rate
4.3% to 13.5 %
12.7 %
Probability of Default
30.0% to 46.0 %
33.5 %
The weighted average for unobservable inputs for collateral-dependent loans is based on the relative fair value of
the loans.
The Company did not have any liabilities that were carried at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31,
2024 and 2023.
The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value at December 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:
Securities:
The fair values of securities are contained in Note 6 (“Securities”) of Notes to the Consolidated Financial
Statements. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If a quoted market price is not available, fair
value is estimated using quoted market prices for similar securities and adjusted for differences between the quoted
instrument and the instrument being valued. When there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the
valuation, securities are valued using discounted cash flows.
Certain Delinquent Loans:
For certain delinquent loans, fair value is generally estimated by discounting management’s estimate of future
cash flows with a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with such assets or, for collateral dependent loans,
85% of the appraised or internally estimated value of the property. See Note 3 (“Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses”)
of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Real Estate Owned and Other Repossessed Assets:
The fair value for OREO is based on appraised value through a current appraisal, or sometimes through an internal
review, additionally adjusted by the estimated costs to sell the property. The fair value for other repossessed assets are
based upon the most recently reported arm’s length sales transaction. When there is no recent sale activity, the fair value
is calculated using capitalization rates.
Junior Subordinated Debentures:
The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures was developed using a credit spread based on the
subordinated debt issued by the Company adjusting for differences in the junior subordinated debt’s credit rating, liquidity
and time to maturity. The unrealized net gain/loss attributable to changes in our own credit risk was determined by
adjusting the fair value as determined in the proceeding sentence by the average rate of default on debt instruments with a
similar debt rating as our junior subordinated debentures, with the difference from the original calculation and this
calculation resulting in the instrument-specific unrealized gain/loss.
128
Interest Rate Swaps:
The fair value of interest rate swaps is based upon broker quotes.
The following tables set forth the carrying amounts and fair values of selected financial instruments based on the
assumptions described above used by the Company in estimating fair value at the periods indicated:
December 31, 2024
Carrying
Fair
Amount
Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks
$
152,574
$
152,574
$
152,574
$
—
$
—
Securities held-to-maturity
Mortgage-backed securities
7,836
6,903
—
6,903
—
Other securities
43,649
37,815
—
—
37,815
Securities available for sale
Mortgage-backed securities
911,636
911,636
—
911,636
—
Other securities
586,269
586,269
11,890
554,914
19,465
Loans held for sale
70,098
70,098
—
—
70,098
Loans held for investment, net of fees and costs
6,745,848
6,506,439
—
—
6,506,439
FHLB-NY stock
38,096
38,096
—
38,096
—
Accrued interest receivable
62,036
62,036
—
62,036
—
Interest rate swaps
54,700
54,700
—
54,700
—
Liabilities:
Deposits
$
7,178,933
$
7,148,847
$
4,528,769
$
2,620,078
$
—
Borrowed Funds
916,054
887,312
—
838,517
48,795
Accrued interest payable
12,275
12,275
—
12,275
—
Interest rate swaps
20,396
20,396
—
20,396
—
December 31, 2023
Carrying
Fair
Amount
Value
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
(In thousands)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks
$
172,157
$
172,157
$
172,157
$
—
$
—
Securities held-to-maturity
Mortgage-backed securities
7,855
7,058
—
7,058
—
Other securities
65,068
58,697
—
—
58,697
Securities available for sale
Mortgage-backed securities
354,344
354,344
—
354,344
—
Other securities
520,409
520,409
11,660
507,312
1,437
Loans held for investment, net of fees and costs
6,906,950
6,512,841
—
—
6,512,841
FHLB-NY stock
31,066
31,066
—
31,066
—
Accrued interest receivable
59,018
59,018
—
59,018
—
Interest rate swaps
69,013
69,013
—
69,013
—
Liabilities:
Deposits
$
6,815,261
$
6,778,657
$
4,503,971
$
2,274,686
$
—
Borrowed Funds
841,281
801,156
—
753,306
47,850
Accrued interest payable
12,111
12,111
—
12,111
—
Interest rate swaps
28,401
28,401
—
28,401
—
129
20. Derivative Financial Instruments
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of interest rate swaps.
The Company’s interest rate swaps are used for three purposes: 1) to mitigate the Company’s exposure to rising interest
rates on certain fixed rate loans and securities totaling $695.6 million and $902.5 million at December 31, 2024 and
December 31, 2023, respectively; 2) to facilitate risk management strategies for our loan customers with $973.9 million
of swaps outstanding, which include $486.9 million with customers and $486.9 million with bank counterparties at
December 31, 2024 and $721.0 million of swaps outstanding, which include $360.5 million with customers and $360.5
million with bank counterparties at December 31, 2023; and 3) to mitigate exposure to rising interest rates on certain short-
term advances, brokered deposits, and municipal deposits totaling $950.8 million and $826.8 million at December 31,
2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
At December 31, 2024, and 2023 the Company has portfolio layer hedges on a closed portfolio of loans with
a notional amount of $500.0 million. At December 31, 2023, the Company had portfolio layer hedges on a closed
portfolio of AFS securities with a notional amount of $200.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the
Company sold all securities that were hedged under the portfolio layer method and as such terminated three hedges on a
closed portfolio of AFS securities with a combined notional value of $200.0 million, resulting in a net gain of $3.0 million,
which was recorded in interest and dividends on securities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. No portfolio
layer hedges were terminated during the year ending December 31, 2023.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, we held derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, fair value hedges and
certain derivatives not designated as hedges.
At December 31, 2024 and 2023, derivatives with a combined notional amount of $973.9 million and $722.0
million, respectively, were not designated as hedges. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, derivatives with a combined
notional amount of $695.6 million and $902.5 million were designated as fair value hedges. At December 31, 2024 and
2023, derivatives with a combined notional amount of $950.8 million and $825.8 million, respectively, were designated
as cash flow hedges.
For cash flow hedges, the changes in the fair value of the derivative are reported in accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. Amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified into
earnings in the same period during which the hedged forecasted transaction effects earnings. During the years ended
December 31, 2024 and 2023, $25.3 million and $25.4 million in reduced expense, respectively was reclassified from
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense. The estimated amount to be reclassified in next 12
months out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into earnings is $10.6 million in reduced expense.
A portion of the reduced expense is driven by the amortization of income from terminated cash flow hedges. This
income is amortized over the remaining original term of terminated cash flow hedges. During the year ended December
31, 2024, the Company terminated seven cash flow hedges with a combined notional value of $420.8 million, resulting in
a net gain of $1.7 million. There were no cashflow hedges terminated during the year ended December 31, 2023. During
the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, income from the amortization of terminated cash flow hedges totaled
$1.4 million, $4.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively, which is recorded in deposits and other interest expense in the
Consolidated Statements of Operations.
130
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments at the periods
indicated:
Assets
Liabilities
Notional
Notional
Amount
Fair Value (1)
Amount
Fair Value (1)
December 31, 2024
(In thousands)
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps (deposits)
$
950,750
$
14,686
$
—
$
—
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps (loans)
560,587
19,812
135,000
194
Non hedge:
Interest rate swaps (loans)
486,929
20,202
486,929
20,202
Total
$
1,998,266
$
54,700
$
621,929
$
20,396
December 31, 2023
Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps (borrowings and deposits)
$
555,000
$
21,973
$
270,750
$
1,076
Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps (loans and securities)
702,540
21,068
200,000
1,354
Non hedge:
Interest rate swaps (loans and deposits)
361,486
25,972
360,486
25,971
Total
$
1,619,026
$
69,013
$
831,236
$
28,401
(1) Derivatives in a positive position are recorded as “Other assets” and derivatives in a negative position are recorded as “Other liabilities” in the
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s fair value hedged items for the periods
indicated:
Cumulative Amount
of the Fair Value Hedging Adjustment
Line Item in the Consolidated Statement
Carrying Amount of the
Included in the Carrying Amount of
of Financial Condition in Which
Hedged
the Hedged
the Hedged Item Is Included
Assets/(Liabilities)
Assets/(Liabilities)
(In thousands)
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
December 31, 2024
December 31, 2023
Loans
Multi-family residential
$
76,882
$
81,471
$
(11,015)
$
(9,078)
Commercial real estate
62,843
70,198
(4,009)
(4,778)
Commercial business
39,500
40,468
(3,113)
(3,523)
Total
$
179,225
$
192,137
$
(18,137)
$
(17,379)
Portfolio Layer
Loans held for Investment (1)
$
500,000
$
500,000
$
(2,025)
$
(949)
Securities available for sale (2)
—
200,000
—
(2,254)
Total
$
500,000
$
700,000
$
(2,025)
$
(3,203)
(1) Carrying amount represents the amortized cost of the portfolio layer method closed portfolio at December 31, 2024 and 2023, totaling $2.4 billion
and $2.6 billion, respectively. The cumulative amount of basis adjustments at December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $2.0 million and $0.9 million,
respectively.
(2) Carrying amount represents the fair value of the portfolio layer method closed portfolio at December 31, 2023 totaling $283.2 million. The cumulative
basis adjustment at December 31, 2023 was $2.3 million. There were no portfolio layer method hedges on securities outstanding at December 31, 2024.
.
131
The following table sets forth the effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations
for the periods indicated:
For the years ended
Affected Line Item in the Statements
December 31,
(In thousands)
Where Net Income is Presented
2024
2023
2022
Financial Derivatives:
Interest rate swaps - fair value hedge (loans)
Interest and fees on loans
13,826
15,909
96
Interest rate swaps - fair value hedge (securities)
Interest and dividends on securities
6,736
2,912
—
Interest rate swaps - non hedge (municipal deposit)
Interest expense - Deposits
1
3
—
Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedge (short-term
advances)
Other interest expense
589
5,312
(2,218)
Interest rate swaps - cash flow hedge (brokered
deposits)
Interest expense - Deposits
24,755
20,112
2,504
Total net income (expense) from the effects of
derivative instruments
$
45,907
$
44,248
$
382
The Company’s interest rate swaps are subject to master netting arrangements between the Company and its three
designated counterparties. The Company has not made a policy election to offset its derivative positions. The interest rate
swaps with borrowers are cross collateralized with the underlying loan and, therefore, there is no posted collateral. Interest
rate swap agreements with third-party counterparties contain provisions that require the Company to post collateral if the
derivative exposure exceeds a threshold amount and receive collateral for agreements in a net asset position.
The following tables present the effect of the master netting arrangements on the presentation of the derivative
assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of the dates indicated:
Gross Amount
Net Amount
Gross Amounts
Offset in Statement of Presented in Statement of
Financial
Cash
(In thousands)
Recognized
Financial Condition
Financial Condition
Instruments
Collateral
Net Amount
December 31, 2024
Assets:
Interest rate swaps
$
54,700
$
—
$
54,700
$
—
$
(47,665)
$
7,035
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps
20,396
—
20,396
—
—
20,396
December 31, 2023
Assets:
Interest rate swaps
$
69,013
$
—
$
69,013
$
—
$
(48,505)
$
20,508
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps
28,401
—
28,401
—
—
28,401
132
21. New Authoritative Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Standards: Adopted in 2024
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to
Reportable Segment Disclosures”. This ASU enhances disclosures about significant segment expenses. The key
amendments include: (1) require that a public entity disclose on an annual an interim basis, significant segment expenses
that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of
segment profit or loss, (2) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment
items by reportable segment and a description of its composition, (3) require that a public entity provide all annual
disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss currently required by GAAP in interim periods as well, (4) clarify
that if CODM uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding
how to allocate resources, an entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (5) require that
a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure
of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (6) require that a
public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in the ASU and
all existing segment disclosures. This ASU is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The requirements of this standard was
adopted for the Company's annual report ending December 31, 2024. See Note 24 (“Segment Reporting”).
Accounting Standards: Pending Adoption
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income
Tax Disclosures”. This ASU requires that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in
the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The
ASU requires all entities disclose on an annual basis (1) the amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state
and foreign taxes and (2) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes
paid is equal or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid. The ASU also requires that all entities disclose (1)
income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic or
foreign and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state and
foreign. This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We do
not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income
– Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)”. This ASU requires that public business entities on an interim
and annual basis (1) Disclose the amounts of (a) purchases of inventory, (b) employee compensation, (c) depreciation, (d)
intangible asset amortization, and (e) depreciation, depletion, and amortization recognized as part of oil and gas-producing
activities (DD&A) (or other amounts of depletion expense) included in each relevant expense caption. A relevant expense
caption is an expense caption presented on the face of the income statement within continuing operations that contains any
of the expense categories listed in (a) - (e). (2) Include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under
current generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements.
(3) Disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately
disaggregated quantitatively. (4) Disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s
definition of selling expenses. This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after
December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. We are currently evaluating if the
adoption of this ASU will have a material effect on our disclosures.
22. Parent Company Only Financial Information
Earnings of the Bank are recognized by the Holding Company using the equity method of accounting.
Accordingly, earnings of the Bank are recorded as increases in the Holding Company’s investment, any dividends would
133
reduce the Holding Company’s investment in the Bank, and any changes in the Bank’s unrealized gain or loss on securities
available for sale, net of taxes, would increase or decrease, respectively, the Holding Company’s investment in the Bank.
The condensed financial statements for the Holding Company are presented below:
December 31, December 31,
Condensed Statements of Financial Condition
2024
2023
(Dollars in thousands)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks
$
89,636
$
103,919
Securities available for sale:
Other securities
1,465
1,437
Investment in Bank
883,354
799,324
Goodwill
2,185
2,185
Other assets
1,728
5,395
Total assets
$
978,368
$
912,260
Liabilities:
Subordinated debentures
$
188,326
$
187,630
Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value
48,795
47,850
Due to Bank
10,242
119
Other liabilities
6,466
6,824
Total liabilities
253,829
242,423
Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock
387
341
Additional paid-in capital
326,671
264,534
Treasury stock, at average cost (5,018,720 shares and 5,221,813 shares, respectively)
(101,655)
(106,070)
Retained earnings
492,003
549,683
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes
7,133
(38,651)
Total equity
724,539
669,837
Total liabilities and equity
$
978,368
$
912,260
For the years ended December 31,
Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Dividends from the Bank
$
—
$ 125,000
$
50,000
Interest income
3,240
767
468
Interest expense
(12,829)
(12,668)
(7,771)
Net gain (loss) from fair value adjustments
(834)
2,405
7,207
Other operating expenses
(2,954)
(2,483)
(1,645)
Income (loss) before taxes and equity in undistributed earnings (losses)
of subsidiary
(13,377)
113,021
48,259
Income tax benefit
219
4,816
2,684
Income (loss) before equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of
subsidiary
(13,158)
117,837
50,943
Equity in undistributed earnings (losses) of the Bank
(18,175)
(89,173)
26,002
Net income (loss)
(31,333)
28,664
76,945
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
45,784
(2,163)
(29,804)
Comprehensive net income (loss)
$
14,451
$
26,501
$
47,141
134
For the years ended December 31,
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
2024
2023
2022
(In thousands)
Operating activities:
Net income (loss)
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
$
76,945
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
(used in) operating activities:
Equity in undistributed (earnings) losses of the Bank
18,175
89,173
(26,002)
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)
(218)
774
2,111
Net (gain) loss from fair value adjustments
834
(2,405)
(7,207)
Stock-based compensation expense
2,461
5,604
6,807
Net change in operating assets and liabilities
4,333
(1,189)
(2,866)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(5,748)
120,621
49,788
Investing activities:
Investment in Bank
(46,325)
—
(50,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(46,325)
—
(50,000)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
—
—
63,603
Net proceeds received in common stock offering
65,540
—
—
Purchase of treasury stock
—
(11,473)
(27,246)
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax obligations
(1,707)
(1,692)
(2,429)
Cash dividends paid
(26,043)
(26,260)
(27,031)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
37,790
(39,425)
6,897
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(14,283)
81,196
6,685
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
103,919
22,723
16,038
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
$
89,636
$ 103,919
$
22,723
135
23. Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)
Selected unaudited quarterly financial data for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is presented
below:
2024
2023
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
4th
3rd
2nd
1st
(In thousands, except per share data)
Quarterly operating data:
Interest income
$ 120,040
$ 122,593
$ 113,230
$ 109,499
$ 108,763
$ 104,036
$ 96,561
$ 92,117
Interest expense
68,805
76,990
70,454
67,102
62,678
59,609
53,183
46,855
Net interest income
51,235
45,603
42,776
42,397
46,085
44,427
43,378
45,262
Provision for loan losses
6,440
1,727
809
592
998
596
1,416
7,508
Other operating income (loss)
(71,022)
6,277
4,216
3,084
7,402
3,309
5,020
6,857
Other operating expense
45,630
38,696
39,047
39,892
40,735
36,388
35,110
39,156
Income (loss) before
income tax expense
(benefit)
(71,857)
11,457
7,136
4,997
11,754
10,752
11,872
5,455
Income tax expense (benefit)
(22,612)
2,551
1,814
1,313
3,655
2,917
3,186
1,411
Net income (loss)
$ (49,245)
$
8,906
$
5,322
$
3,684
$
8,099
$
7,835
$ 8,686
$ 4,044
Basic earnings (loss) per
common share
$
(1.61)
$
0.30
$
0.18
$
0.12
$
0.27
$
0.26
$
0.29
$
0.13
Diluted earnings (loss) per
common share
$
(1.61)
$
0.30
$
0.18
$
0.12
$
0.27
$
0.26
$
0.29
$
0.13
Dividends per common share
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
$
0.22
Average common shares
outstanding for:
Basic earnings per share
30,519
29,742
29,789
29,742
29,650
29,703
30,090
30,265
Diluted earnings per share
30,519
29,742
29,789
29,742
29,650
29,703
30,090
30,265
As previously disclosed on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2024, the Company’s consolidated financial statements
and ratios for the three month period ended March 31, 2023, the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2023 and the
three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, were in need of restatement to correct the accounting treatment
of employee retention credits (“ERCs”), which were incorrectly recognized as income during such periods. On February
12, 2024, the Company filed 10-Q/A’s for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2023, June 30, 2023 and September 30,
2023, to correct the previously reported treatment of ERCs. The change impacted net income by a decrease of $1.1 million
for the period ended March 31, 2023, an increase of $0.1 million and a decrease of $1.1 million, respectively, for the three
and six month periods ended June 30, 2023, and a decrease of $1.6 million and $2.6 million, respectively, for the three
and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023. The table above reflects the corrected financial results.
24. Segment Reporting
The Company operates as a single unit, therefore, for the purpose of segment reporting we consider the Company
as a single reportable segment, a community bank. The Bank revenues are derived principally from interest on loans, our
mortgage-backed securities portfolio, and interest and dividends on other investments in our securities portfolio. We also
generate non-interest income from loan fees, service charges on deposit accounts, mortgage servicing fees, and other fees,
income earned on BOLI, dividends on FHLB-NY stock and net gains and losses on sales of securities and loans.
Flushing Bank’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the senior executive committee that includes the
chief executive officer, chief financial officer, and the chief operating officer. The CODM uses net income (loss) as the
measure of segment performance to evaluate the income generated from assets (return on assets) and to evaluate how
efficiently the Company leverages its shareholders equity (return on equity) in deciding the most appropriate avenue to
reinvest profits.
136
As we consider the entire entity as one operating segment, please see the Consolidated Statements of Operations
for the measure of segment performance, net income (loss).
The following table presents consolidated net income and other important metrics the CODM will use to evaluate
the operations of the Company:
For the years ended December 31,
2024
2023
2022
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net income (loss)
$
(31,333)
$
28,664
$
76,945
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
$
(1.05)
$
0.96
$
2.50
Return on average assets
(0.35) %
0.34 %
0.93 %
Return on average equity
(4.67) %
4.25 %
11.44 %
Book value per common share
$
21.53
$
23.21
$
22.97
137
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Stockholders and Board of Directors
Flushing Financial Corporation
Uniondale, New York
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Flushing Financial
Corporation (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations,
comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company
at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
(United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on
criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) and our report dated March 11, 2025 expressed an unqualified
opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance
with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission
and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial
statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated
financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates
to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way
our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit
matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Allowance for Credit Losses
As described in Note 3 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company reported an allowance
for credit losses for loans held for investment of $40.2 million at December 31, 2024. As described in Note 2 to the
Company’s consolidated financial statements, the allowance for credit losses represents management’s estimate of credit
138
losses for the remaining estimated life of the loan portfolio and consists of quantitative and qualitative components, some
of which are subjective in nature. The Company considers historical loss experience, current economic and business
conditions, as well as reasonable and supportable forecasts to develop the quantitative component. This quantitative
component is then adjusted for qualitative risk factors.
We identified certain of management’s assumptions within the quantitative and qualitative components of the
allowance for credit losses on loans as the critical audit matter. Evaluating the reasonableness of the forecast period, the
reversion to historical loss period, and the determination of qualitative risk level related to economic condition and custom
qualitative adjustment involved especially subjective and complex judgment. These assumptions required a high degree
of auditor judgment and increased extent of effort, and specialized skills and knowledge.
The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included:
•
Testing the design and operating effectiveness of controls relating to determination of reasonable and supportable
forecast period, and the reversion to historical loss period, as well as assumptions around the determination of
qualitative risk factors.
•
Testing the completeness and accuracy of the data used in determining the qualitative risk factors and the
relevance and reliability of the data used in determining the reasonable and supportable forecast period by
comparing the data to internally developed and third-party sources, and other audit evidence gathered.
•
Assessing the reasonableness of management’s judgments in determining the selected economic forecast factors
and qualitative risks scores, including assessing the consistency of management’s application of its underlying
framework for determining these assumptions and assessing for potential bias and potential contradictory
evidence.
•
Utilizing personnel with specialized skills and knowledge to assist in: (i) assessing the reasonableness of the
established forecast and reversion period ranges, (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of economic cycle
determined by management and (iii) assessing reasonableness of reasonable and supportable forecast period and
the reversion to historical loss period assumptions used to develop the quantitative credit loss component.
/S/ BDO USA, P.C.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015.
New York, New York
March 11, 2025
139
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Shareholders and Board of Directors
Flushing Financial Corporation
Uniondale, New York
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Flushing Financial Corporation’s (the “Company’s”) internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in
all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated statements of financial condition of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the
related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each
of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes and our report dated March 11, 2025 expressed
an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for
its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying “Item 9A,
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the
PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the
applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.
Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control
over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions
of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation
of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/S/ BDO USA, P.C.
New York, New York
March 11, 2025
140
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company carried out, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management,
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and
operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of December 31, 2024, the design and operation of these
disclosure controls and procedures were effective. During the period covered by this Annual Report, there have been no
changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely
to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting,
and for performing an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024.
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and
principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the Company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection
of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls
may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures
may deteriorate.
Management performed an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2024 based upon criteria in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 Framework) (“COSO”). Based on this
assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of
December 31, 2024 based on those criteria issued by COSO.
BDO USA, P.C., the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s
consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued a report on the effectiveness
of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, as stated in its report.
Item 9B. Other Information.
None.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
None.
141
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Other than the disclosures below, information regarding the directors and executive officers of the Company
appears in the Company’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held May 28, 2025 (“Proxy
Statement”) under the captions “Board Nominees,” “Continuing Directors,” “Executive Officers Who Are Not Directors”
and “Meeting and Committees of the Board of Directors – Audit Committee” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Information regarding Section 16(a) beneficial ownership appears in the Company’s Proxy Statement under the caption
“Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Code of Ethics. The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of its
directors, officers and
employees. This code is publicly available on the Company’s website at:
https://investor.flushingbank.com/media/document/6812de87-72ab-4d2c-9aa9-78f5c4c9d69f/assets/Code-of-Business-
Conduct-Ethics-FB-Website.pdf?disposition=inline.
Any substantive amendments to the code and any grant of a waiver from a provision of the code requiring
disclosure under applicable SEC or NASDAQ rules will be disclosed in a report on Form 8-K.
Audit Committee Financial Expert. The Board of Directors of the Company has determined that Louis C. Grassi,
the Chairman of the Audit Committee, is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under Item 401(h) of Regulation
S-K, and that he is independent as defined under applicable NASDAQ listing standards. Mr. Grassi is a certified public
accountant and a certified fraud examiner.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Information regarding executive compensation appears in the Proxy Statement under the caption “Executive
Compensation” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners appears in the Proxy Statement under the
caption “Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Information regarding security ownership of management appears in the Proxy Statement under the caption
“Stock Ownership of Management” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions and directors independence appears in the
Proxy Statement under the captions “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Related Party
Transactions” and is incorporated herein by this reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
Information regarding fees paid to the Company’s independent auditor appears in the Proxy Statement under the
caption “Schedule of Fees to Independent Auditors” and is hereby incorporated by this reference.
142
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) 1. Financial Statements
The following financial statements are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report and are incorporated herein by
this reference:
•
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at December 31, 2024 and 2023
•
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024
•
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2024
•
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2024
•
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024
•
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
•
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (BDO USA, P.C.; New York, New York;
PCAOB ID 243)
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is
shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto included in Item 8 of this Annual Report and are
incorporated herein by this reference.
143
3. Exhibits Required by Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-K
Exhibit
Number
Description
3.1 P
Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed
with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 1, 1995, Registration No. 33-96488)
3.2
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with Form S-8 filed May 31, 2002)
3.3
Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 3.3 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011)
3.4
Amended and Restated By-Laws of Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.6 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014)
4.1
Indenture, dated November 22, 2021, between Flushing Financial Corporation and Wilmington Trust,
National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with Form 8-K filed
November 22, 2021)
4.2
First Supplemental Indenture, dated November 22, 2021, between Flushing Financial Corporation and
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with
Form 8-K filed November 22, 2021)
4.3
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated August 24, 2022, between Flushing Financial Corporation and
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with
Form 8-K filed August 24, 2022)
4.4
Description of Securities (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2019)
10.1*
Form of Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and Certain Officers
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013)
10.2*
Form of Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and
Certain Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
June 30, 2013)
10.3*
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and John R.
Buran (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
2013)
10.4*
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and John R. Buran (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013)
10.5*
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Maria A.
Grasso (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30,
2013)
10.6*
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between Flushing Bank and Maria A. Grasso
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013)
10.7*
Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Susan K. Cullen (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016)
10.8*
Flushing Bank Specified Officer Change in Control Severance Policy (as Amended Effective January 1,
2016) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2015)
10.9*
Employee Severance Compensation Plan for Vice Presidents and Assistant Vice Presidents of Flushing
Bank (Effective as of January 1, 2016) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2015)
10.10*
Amended and Restated Outside Director Retirement Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10(a)
filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2006)
10.11*
Amended and Restated Flushing Bank Outside Director Deferred Compensation Plan (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.6(d) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000)
10.12*
Form of Indemnity Agreement among Flushing Bank, Flushing Financial Corporation, and each Director
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(a) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30,
1996)
144
10.13*
Form of Indemnity Agreement among Flushing Bank, Flushing Financial Corporation, and Certain
Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8(b) filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1996)
10.14* P
Guarantee by Flushing Financial Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the
Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed September 1, 1995, Registration No. 33-96488)
10.15*
Form of Outside Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21
filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015)
10.16*
Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Grant Letter Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.24 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015)
10.17*
Annual Incentive Plan for Executives and Senior Officers (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17
filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022)
10.18
Lease agreement between Flushing Bank and Rexcorp Plaza SPE LLC (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014)
10.19*
Flushing Financial Corporation 2014 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporating amendments through
May 18, 2021) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June
30, 2021)
10.20*
Form of Employee Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (pre-2023) (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.27 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018)
10.21*
Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter With One Year Vesting (Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.28 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018)
10.22*
Flushing Bank Supplemental Savings Incentive Plan, Amended and Restated as of November 1, 2018
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018)
10.23*
Employment Agreement between Flushing Financial Corporation and Thomas M. Buonaiuto
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with Form 8-K filed October 28, 2019)
10.24*
Consulting Agreement between Flushing Bank and Douglas C. Manditch (Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.2 filed with Form 8-K filed October 28, 2019)
10.25*
Form of Employee Additional Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.25 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022)
10.26*
Form of Employee Performance Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.26 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022)
10.27*
Form of Employee Additional Restricted Stock Unit Award Letter (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.27 filed with Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022)
10.28*
Flushing Financial Corporation 2024 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1
filed with Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024)
21.1
Subsidiaries information incorporated herein by reference to Part I – Subsidiary Activities
23.1
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (filed herewith)
31.1
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer
(filed herewith)
31.2
Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer
(filed herewith)
32.1
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer (furnished herewith)
32.2
Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C, Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer (furnished herewith)
97.1
Flushing Financial Corporation Incentive-Based Compensation Clawback Policy (filed herewith)
101.INS
Inline XBRL Instance Document (filed herewith)
101.SCH
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (filed herewith)
101.CAL
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (filed herewith)
101.DEF
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (filed herewith)
101.LAB
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document (filed herewith)
101.PRE
Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (filed herewith)
104
Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive
Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
*
Indicates compensatory plan or arrangement.
145
†
Schedules have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Flushing Financial hereby undertakes to
furnish supplemental copies of any of the omitted schedules upon request by the U.S. Securities and Exchange
Commission.
P Indicates a filing submitted in paper.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly
caused this report, to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York, New York, on
March 11, 2025.
FLUSHING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
By /S/JOHN R. BURAN
John R. Buran
President and CEO
POWER OF ATTORNEY
We, the undersigned directors and officers of Flushing Financial Corporation (the “Company”) hereby severally
constitute and appoint John R. Buran and Susan K. Cullen as our true and lawful attorneys and agents, each acting alone
and with full power of substitution and re-substitution, to do any and all things in our names in the capacities indicated
below which said John R. Buran or Susan K. Cullen may deem necessary or advisable to enable the Company to comply
with the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange
Commission, in connection with this report on Form 10-K, or amendment thereto, including specifically, but not limited
to, power and authority to sign for us in our names in the capacities indicated below the report on this report on Form 10-K,
or amendment thereto; and we hereby approve, ratify and confirm all that said John R. Buran or Susan K. Cullen shall do
or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report on Form 10-K, has been signed
by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
/S/JOHN R. BURAN
Director, President (Principal Executive
Officer)
March 11, 2025
John R. Buran
/S/ALFRED A. DELLIBOVI
Director, Chairman
March 11, 2025
Alfred A. DelliBovi
/S/SUSAN K. CULLEN
Treasurer (Principal Financial and
Accounting Officer)
March 11, 2025
Susan K. Cullen
/S/ JAMES D. BENNETT
Director
March 11, 2025
James D. Bennett
/S/STEVEN J. D’IORIO
Director
March 11, 2025
Steven J. D’Iorio
/S/LOUIS C. GRASSI
Director
March 11, 2025
Louis C. Grassi
/S/SAM S. HAN
Director
March 11, 2025
Sam S. Han
146
/S/JOHN J. MCCABE
Director
March 11, 2025
John J. McCabe
/S/DONNA M. O’BRIEN
Director
March 11, 2025
Donna M. O’Brien
/S/MICHAEL A. AZARIAN
Director
March 11, 2025
Michael A. Azarian
/S/CAREN C. YOH
Director
March 11, 2025
Caren C. Yoh
/S/DOUGLAS C. MANDITCH
Director
March 11, 2025
Douglas C. Manditch
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Executive and Senior Management
John R. Buran
President,
Chief Executive Officer
Michael Bingold
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Retail & Client Development Officer
Allen M. Brewer
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Information Officer
Thomas M. Buonaiuto
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief of Staff & Deposit Channel Executive
Susan K. Cullen
Senior Executive Vice President,
Treasurer & Chief Financial Officer
Maria A. Grasso
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief Operating Officer &
Corporate Secretary
Francis W. Korzekwinski
Senior Executive Vice President,
Chief of Real Estate Lending
Douglas J. McClintock
Senior Executive Vice President,
General Counsel
Barbara A. Beckmann
Executive Vice President,
Director of Operations
Theodoros Kalogiannis
Senior Vice President,
Director of Portfolio Management
Douglas Liang
Senior Vice President,
Chief Investment Officer
Yan Nuriyev
Senior Vice President,
Chief Technology Officer
Joanne Orelli
Senior Vice President,
Loan Servicing Collections &
Foreclosure Manager
Albert H. Savastano
Senior Vice President,
Director of Investor Relations
Patricia Tiffany
Senior Vice President,
Director of Marketing
Richard White
Senior Vice President,
Chief Information Security Officer
Ling Xu
Senior Vice President,
Director of Retail Banking
Astrid Burrowes
Executive Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer
Ruth E. Filiberto
Executive Vice President,
Director of Human Resources
Vincent E. Giovinco
Executive Vice President,
Director of Commercial
Real Estate Lending
James P. Jacovatos
Executive Vice President,
Real Estate Credit Center Manager
Alan Jin
Executive Vice President,
Director of Residential &
Mixed-Use Lending
Theresa Kelly
Executive Vice President,
Director of Business Banking
Gary P. Liotta
Executive Vice President,
Chief Risk Officer
Rosina Manzi
Executive Vice President,
Chief Audit Officer
Patricia Mezeul
Executive Vice President,
Director of Government Banking
Board of Directors
Alfred A. DelliBovi
Chairman of the Board
Retired President & CEO of the
Federal Home Loan Bank of New York
John R. Buran
President & Chief Executive Officer
Michael A. Azarian
Retired Managing Director
Citigroup
James D. Bennett
Retired Attorney in Nassau County,
New York
John J. McCabe
Retired Chief Equity Strategist
Shay Assets Management
Donna M. O’Brien
President
Strategic Visions in Healthcare, LLC
Caren C. Yoh
President, CPA
Accounting Firm
Steven J. D’Iorio
Executive Managing Director
Cushman & Wakefield
Louis C. Grassi
Managing Partner & Chief Executive
Officer of Grassi Advisory Group
Sam S. Han
Founder & President
The Korean Channel, Inc.
Douglas C. Manditch
Former Chairman & Chief Executive
Officer of Empire Bancorp, Inc.
Shareholder Information
Annual Meeting
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders of
Flushing Financial Corporation will be
held at 1:00 p.m., May 28, 2025. The
meeting will be hosted virtually at
www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/
FFIC2025.
On April 17, 2025, a Notice of Internet
Availability was mailed or electronically
delivered to shareholders containing
instructions on how to access our
proxy materials.
Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm
BDO USA, P.C.
100 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10017
212-885-8000
Legal Counsel
Hughes Hubbard & Reed LLP
One Battery Park Plaza
New York, NY 10004
212-837-6000
Stock Listing
NASDAQ Global Select MarketSM
Symbol: FFIC
Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare Trust Company NA
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77842-3170
800-426-5523
www.Computershare.com
Shareholder Relations
Susan K. Cullen
718-961-5400
Corporate Information
Flushing Bank 220 RXR Plaza, Uniondale, NY 11556 718-961-5400 FlushingBank.com
© 2025 Flushing Financial Corporation. All rights reserved. BRANR0225
Annual Report Design by Curran & Connors, Inc.
AVENUE J
1402 Avenue J
BAY RIDGE
7102 Third Avenue
BENSONHURST
8616 21st Avenue, Unit 1C*
BOROUGH PARK
4616 13th Avenue
MONTAGUE
186 Montague Street
WILLIAMSBURG
217 Havemeyer Street
Brooklyn
CHINATOWN
183 Canal Street*
PARK AVENUE
99 Park Avenue
PARK AVENUE SOUTH
225 Park Avenue South
Manhattan
ASTORIA
31-16 30th Avenue
BAYSIDE
61-14 Springfield Boulevard
213-03 Northern Boulevard*
ELMHURST
85-15 Queens Boulevard*
FLUSHING
147-42 Northern Boulevard*
164-20 Northern Boulevard*
44-43 Kissena Boulevard*
136-41 Roosevelt Avenue*
FOREST HILLS
107-11 Continental Avenue
JAMAICA
89-12 Sutphin Boulevard
*Asian market branch
Queens
Long Island
GARDEN CITY
1122 Franklin Avenue
HAUPPAUGE
160 Adams Avenue
HICKSVILLE
268 North Broadway*
ISLANDIA
1707 Veterans Memorial Highway
MELVILLE
555 Broadhollow Road
NEW HYDE PARK
697-B Hillside Avenue
PORT JEFFERSON STATION
4747 Nesconset Highway
SHIRLEY
1044 William Floyd Parkway
UNIONDALE
260E RXR Plaza