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Horizonte Minerals Plc

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FY2021 Annual Report · Horizonte Minerals Plc
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THE NEXT LOW-COST, 
SUSTAINABLE NICKEL PRODUCER 

2021 Report and Accounts

HORIZONTE  MINERALS  IS  A  LEADING  NICKEL  COMPANY  THAT  IS 
DEVELOPING  TWO  TIER  ONE  PROJECTS,  THE  ARAGUAIA  FeNi  PROJECT 
(ANP) AND THE VERMELHO Ni Co PROJECT (VNCP), IN PARÁ  STATE, BRAZIL.

OUR  PURPOSE  IS  TO  PRODUCE  NICKEL,  WHICH  IS  CRITICAL  FOR  THE 
GLOBAL  CLEAN  ENERGY  TRANSITION,  IN  A  PROFITABLE,  SAFE  AND 
SUSTAINABLE MANNER TO DELIVER VALUE TO ALL OUR STAKEHOLDERS.

2021 HIGHLIGHTS

US$ 633 MILLIONFUNDING PACKAGE 
FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ARAGUAIA 
PROJECT FINALISED

US$25 MILLION ROYALTY AGREEMENT 
TO ADVANCE THE VERMELHO PROJECT 
THROUGH TO FEASIBILITY STUDY SECURED

0 LOST TIME INJURIES

0 ENVIRONMENTAL INCIDENTS

90%BRAZILIAN PROJECT TEAM

100% ARAGUAIA LEAD TEAM RECRUITED & 
91% ARAGUAIA OWNER’S TEAM RECRUITED

HUMAN RIGHTS AND WHISTLE BLOWER 
POLICY ADOPTED

1500 NATIVE SPECIES GROWN TO PROMOTE 
FLORA DIVERSITY AND REHABILITATION

BRL $38M ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION

ANNUAL REPORT 
1     Highlights
2     At a Glance

STRATEGIC REPORT   
4     Chairman’s Statement
6     Building a Sustainable Business
10   Business Model
12  Strategy
18  Market Overview
20  Operational Review
22  Sustainability Review
24  Stakeholder Engagement
26  Financial Review
28  Risk Management
30  Principle Risks & Uncertainties

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
34  Note from the Chairman
35  Our Approach
36  Our Corporate Governance
       Structure
38  Board of Directors
40  Board Report
43  Audit and Risk Committee Report
44  Remuneration Committee Report
46  Director’s Report
48  Statement of Directors’  
       Responsibilities

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
49    Independent Auditor’s Report
56    Consolidated Statement 
         of Comprehensive Income
57    Consolidated Statement 
         of Financial Position
58    Company Statement of Financial Position
59    Statement of Changes in Equity
61    Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
62    Company Statement of Cash Flows
63    Notes to the Financial Statements
99    Statutory Information

AT A GLANCE

OUR BUSINESS
Horizonte  Minerals 
is  a  nickel-focused  resources 
company developing two Tier 1, 100% owned projects 
in  northern  Brazil.  The  Araguaia  Ferronickel  Project 
and  the  Vermelho  Nickel-Cobalt  Project  are  both  high 
grade, low cost and long mine life projects. These projects 
provide Horizonte with a potential scalable production profile of 
approximately 60,000 million tonnes of nickel per year. 

As  a  critical  component  in  both  stainless  steel  and  new  battery 
technology,  nickel  is  a  key  enabler  of  the  global  clean  energy 
transition.  A  part  of  this  sustainability  driven  supply  chain, 
Horizonte  is  focussed  on  developing  its  operations  to  produce 
low-carbon, high-grade nickel ethically, safely, and responsibly.

Horizonte  is  listed  on  the  London  Stock  Exchange  Alternative 
Investment Market (AIM) and the Toronto Stock Exchange under 
the code ‘HZM’.

Pará

Brazil

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

ARAGUAIA NICKEL PROJECT       |       HIGH-GRADE, LOW-COST, LOW-CARBON FERRONICKEL FOR THE STAINLESS STEEL INDUSTRY

2011

2014

2016

2018

2020

2021

2022

Greenfields 
discovery by 
Horizonte team

Acquisition of 
Teck project

Acquisition of 
Glencore project

Completion of 
Feasibility Study

Completion 
of value 
engineering and 
mobilisation of 
owner’s team

Secures 
US$633M 
comprehensive 
funding package 

Start of 
construction

The project comprises an open pit nickel laterite mining operation 
that  mines  a  27.3  Mt  Mineral  Reserve  of  a  119  Mt  Mineral 
Resource to produce 52,000 tonnes of ferronickel (FeNi) containing 
14,000  tonnes  of  nickel  a  year,  for  31  years  from  line  one.  The 
metallurgical process comprises a Rotary Kiln and Electric Furnace 
(RKEF) to extract FeNi from the laterite ore.  The RKEF plant  and  
project    infrastructure    will    be    constructed    over    a    24-month  
period at  a  cost  of US$477.3 million for the mine and process 
plant,  and  a  further  US$39.6  million  for  business  establishment 
and production-related costs. After an initial ramp-up period, the 
plant will reach full capacity of approximately 900,000 tonnes of 
dry ore feed per year. The FeNi product will be transported by road 
to the port of Vila do Conde for sale to overseas customers. The  
RKEF  process,  and  its  associated    equipment,  is  a    well  proven 
technology  with 60  years  of  commercial  experience  in  more  
than    30    operations    worldwide.    It  accounts  for  approximately 
55% of global laterite-sourced nickel production. Brazil has three 
operating  RKEF  facilities  (owned  by  Anglo  American  and  Vale), 
with more than 30 years of combined successful operations.

The  Value  Engineering  Study  and  subsequent  Execution 
Preparation Phase work has optimised the RKEF flow sheet and 
worked  to  establish  integrated  process  islands  with  tier  one 
suppliers linked to the Export Credit Agency (ECA) project financing. 

A key part of the Stage 1 project design was that the RKEF plant 
and associated infrastructure was designed to accommodate the 
addition of a second RKEF process line (Stage 2 expansion), which 
is intended to double Araguaia's production capacity from 14,500 
t/a  nickel  up  to  29,000  t/a  nickel.  The  Project  Mineral  Resource 
inventory has the grade and scale to support the planned increase 
in plant throughput from 900 kt/pa (Stage 1) to the Stage 2 rate 
of 1.8 Mt/a supporting the twin line RKEF flow sheet. The Stage 
2  expansion  assumes  operating  at  a  Stage  1  production  rate  of 
900 kt/pa for three years, after which free cash flows would be 
reinvested to expand the plant to 1.8 Mt/pa via the addition of a 
second line. 

VERMELHO NICKEL COBALT PROJECT      |      HIGH-GRADE, LOW-COST NICKEL AND COBALT FOR THE BATTERY INDUSTRY

2017

2019

2021

2022

Acquisition from Vale

Pre-Feasibility Study completed

Ramboll undertaking ESIA

Commencement of Feasibility Study

The  project  comprises  a  planned  38-year  mining  operation  with 
an open pit nickel laterite mine that extracts a 141.3 million tonne 
(Mt) Probable Mineral Reserve (at a cut-off of 0.7% Ni) to produce 
924,000  tonnes  of  nickel  contained  in  nickel  sulphate,  36,000 
tonnes  of  cobalt  contained  in  cobalt  sulphate  and  a  saleable 
by-product,  kieserite  (a  form  of  fertiliser)  of  which  4.48  Mt  are 
produced.  The  Vermelho  project  pre-feasibility  study  utilised  a 
hydro-metallurgical  process  comprised  of  a  beneficiation  plant 
where ore is upgraded prior to being fed to a High-Pressure Acid 
Leach  (HPAL)  and  refining  Plant  which  produces  the  sulphates. 
The plant will be constructed in two phases, with an initial capacity 

of  1  Mt  per  annum  (Mt/a)  autoclave  feed  (Stage  1).  After  three 
years  of  production,  a  second  process  train  (Stage  2  Expansion) 
will  be  constructed,  which  will  effectively  double  the  autoclave 
feed rate to 2 Mt/a. The Stage 1 plant and project infrastructure 
will be constructed over a 31-month period. The nickel and cobalt 
sulphate products will be transported by road to the port of Vila do 
Conde (the same facility planned for Araguaia) for sale to overseas 
customers. The kieserite will be transported to consumers within 
Pará  state. 

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT

of debt, equity, offtake, and cost overrun facilities, it has nonetheless 
been an incredibly complex process with multiple parties in constant 
negotiation. In late 2021, we were delighted to secure a $633 million 
funding package which fully funds stage one of the project and provides 
the  company  with  $100    million  of  contingency,  growth  allowance 
and cost overrun facility. The package was made up of $346.2 million 
debt package in two tranches, a $146.2 million Export Credit Agency 
tranche with EKF and Finnvera and a $200 million commercial tranche 
underwritten by BNP Paribas, Natixis, Societe Generale, ING and SEK 
with both tranches being secured with competitive interest rates. We 
also welcomed La Mancha and Orion as new and existing, respectively, 
strategic investors and shareholders in Horizonte, and grateful for the 
continued  support  of  Glencore  who,  in  addition  to  their  cornerstone 
investment, extended their relationship with the Company by agreeing 
to enter into the offtake agreement. The offtake agreement is a 100%, 
10-year agreement based on LME pricing and therefore continues to 
provide our shareholders with good exposure to the nickel price.

La Mancha and Orion have long track records of creating sustainable 
shareholder value in the mining sector and their previous investments 
highlight  their  ability  to  identify  compelling  growth  opportunities  at 
an  early  stage.  We  believe  the  terms  of  the  financing  package  and 
the  calibre  of  the  lenders  and  strategic  investors  we  have  attracted 
is  a  testament  to  the  strong  project  fundamentals  offered  by  the 
Araguaia project. The investments from La Mancha, Orion and Glencore, 
alongside  the  Senior  Debt  Facility  from  the  syndicate  of  leading 
international  financial  institutions,  provides  a  strong  endorsement 
of  our broader corporate strategy  to develop Horizonte into a major 
nickel producer. The funding package has completely transformed our 
shareholder register, with further institutions adding their support in 
the New Year. Institutionalising our register is an important part in the 
Company’s growth story, providing us with support and confidence to 
accelerate  our  plans  of  advancing  both  Araguaia  and  Vermelho.  We 
look forward to working with our new shareholders and continuing to 
receive the support from those who have followed us on this journey. 

There  has  certainly  been  a  focus  on  Araguaia  in  recent  years  but, 
this is by  no means  a  reflection  of  the quality of Vermelho. Work at 
Vermelho has been quietly progressing with a small, dedicated team 
and the appointment of Ramboll to undertake the Environmental and 
Social Impact Assessment. This assessment is a key requirement for 
permitting  and  the  feasibility  study.  As  part  of  the  Araguaia  funding 
process, we were able to secure a $25 million royalty agreement with 
Orion. These funds are dedicated to the acceleration of the Vermelho 
feasibility  study.  Over  the  coming  year,  shareholders  can  expect  to 
see more activity from the project as we work to position Vermelho 
alongside  Araguaia  as  a  future  nickel  and  cobalt  producer.  With 
the  electric  vehicle  market  recording  a  record  year  in  2021  and  car 
manufacturers adopting high-nickel content batteries at a faster pace 
than expected it is an opportune time to position our world-class battery 
grade nickel-cobalt project at the forefront of the Horizonte story.

Growing our team
The team in Brazil has grown rapidly in the past year, and it is very exciting 
to see that we have been able to attract of some industry’s top talent. 
We started the year with announcing the appointment of our Head of 
Projects, Michael Drake. Mike is a Mechanical Engineer with extensive 
international  leadership  experience  in  the  construction,  operation 
and  optimisation  of  medium  to  large  capex  projects,  with  extensive 
expertise in both ferro-nickel, and nickel acid-leach operations. 

Prior to joining Horizonte, Michael worked for BHP, Newcrest Mining, 
and  WMC  Resources.  Based  out  of  our  Brazilian  headquarters  in 
Belo  Horizonte,  Mike  has  worked  hard  to  not  only  build  an  industry-
leading  team  but  also  create  and  implement  the  working  practices 
and reporting structures across the areas of procurement, engineering, 
environment and social and human resources, required to successfully 
build a tier one nickel project. Later in the year, he was joined by Leo 
Vianna  as  Araguaia  Project  Director.  A  Brazilian  national,  Leo  is  a 
Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineer with over 24 years experience in 
project implementation and management. He was previously Project 
Director for Vale’s $1.9 billion Bahodopi ferronickel project in Asia.

Horizonte  now  has  the  capability  to  build  and  deliver  the  Araguaia 
ferro-nickel project, as well as simultaneously progressing Vermelho. 

Supporting our communities
We  have  continued  to  support  vulnerable  families  in  our  local 
communities  who  have  struggled  through  the  Covid  pandemic.  We 
also assisted Conceição do Araguaia’s vaccination effort by donating 
10,000 medical items to the regional hospital. The vaccination effort in 
the region has progressed well and allowed for life to return to a level 
of normality. Our social team was therefore able to be more present 
in the local communities rather than engaging solely by virtual means. 
An  important  focus  for  engagement  this  year  has  been  what  the 
communities can expect in terms of on-site activity and the increased 
workforce in the region, resettlement, local employment opportunities 
and local suppliers and services. Having operated in the area for over ten 
years Horizonte has excellent relationships with its local communities 
and is confident this will continue. Alongside the construction phase 
of  the  project,  we  will  be  working  on  new  local  initiatives  as  part  of 
our Local Development Agenda and working with SENAI to train local 
people in the skills required to aid local employment at the project. 

Sustainability
This year we will be publishing our third annual Sustainability Report in 
which we are now able to track our progress clearly and transparently 
against our commitments in the areas of environmental stewardship, 
social  development,  and  corporate  governance.  A  standalone  report 
such as this continues to be a rarity from pre-production companies 
and  sets  Horizonte  apart  with  its  commitment  to  best  practice 
sustainability  standards.  These  sustainability  standards  were  one  of 
the key drivers for Horizonte to be able to secure the high calibre of 
lenders and investors in the Araguaia funding process. 

Following renewed commitments at the United Nations Conference on 
Climate Change (COP26) in Glasgow, the International Energy Agency 
highlighted  nickel’s  critical  role  in  the  clean  energy  transition  both 
through its use in batteries and stainless steel. As part of this net-zero 
supply  chain,  Horizonte’s  sustainability  credentials  have  been  key  to 
our  investment  opportunity.  By  integrating  sustainability-focussed 
design into early project planning and engineering Araguaia, through 
our carbon emissions reduction programme, Araguaia will be able to 
become one of lowest carbon emission projects of its peer group. 

The nickel market
The  nickel  price  ended  2021  30%  higher  than  the  previous  year. 
Stainless steel production increased 17% year on year, and it was an 
unprecedented year for the electric vehicle market. 18.5% of all new 
cars  registered  in  the  U.K.  were  either  hybrid  plug-in  or  fully  electric. 
The year ended with a 160,000 tonne deficit due to supply constraints 
from  major  producers  citing  labour  strikes,  adverse  weather  and 

Our neighbour Daniel and our mining technician Bruno 
showing 'bacaba' palm seeds produced around the Project

logistics issues. The new year has started with decade high prices due 
to record low inventories and concerns over future supply and nickel 
demand is expected to reach 3 million tonnes this year. The consensus 
is  that  nickel  demand  is  increasing  exponentially  both  to  supply  the 
established stainless steel market and the accelerating battery market 
but  the  true  growth  curve  remains  contested,  perhaps  conversative 
estimates a 100% increase in demand by 2040 while the International 
Energy Agency recently stated that the nickel demand will increase 19-
fold if the world expects to meet the commitments made by the Paris 
Agreement on climate change. 

Horizonte is one of very few nickel stories ready to supply this deficit, 
and our projects can supply both the stainless steel and battery markets.

Acknowledgements
This will be my last statement as Chairman of Horizonte Minerals. It 
has been a privilege to be involved with the Horizonte team from its 
initiation and to see the development of your company through initial 
nickel discovery at Araguaia and subsequent major deals initially with 
Teck,  then  with  Glencore  to  consolidate  the  entire  district  and  the  
acquisition of Vermelho from Vale resulting in Horizonte becoming a 
major nickel player.

In  line  with  the  Company’s  transformation  the  Board  is  evolving  to 
better reflect our shareholders and the skillset required to successfully 
deliver two tier one nickel projects into production. Horizonte strives 
for  best  practice  corporate  governance  standards  and  will  therefore 
be undergoing a corporate governance review to set out a roadmap to 
smoothly transition our board. 

I would like to thank the Board of Directors, the entire Horizonte team 
and all our advisors that have worked tirelessly throughout the year to 
deliver the transformational funding package and overall progress of 
our two projects. I would also like to thank the continued support from 
our longstanding shareholders and welcome our new investors. 

David Hall
25 March 2022

David Hall, Chairman

2021
This  year  we  have  laid  the  foundations  for  the  establishment  of  a 
significant nickel producing business, culminating in the completion of a 
transformational funding package in late November of US$633 million.  
This comprehensive funding package for Araguaia, our first project to 
reach the construction phase, is an outstanding achievement for the 
Horizonte team and one which very few junior mining companies can 
claim.  Through  this  process  we  have  secured  support  from  multiple 
world class financial institutions which is testament to the quality of 
the project and our team’s tenacity. These milestones have once again 
been achieved against a backdrop of uncertainty and disruption because 
of the Covid pandemic. The team in London and Brazil has continued 
to navigate the ever-changing working environment productively and 
most importantly, safely.

The health and well-being of our employees and wider team of course 
remains our number one priority and is at the forefront of our strategy. 
We are dedicated to providing a safe and productive workplace. Covid 
is seemingly part of our everyday lives for the foreseeable future, we 
therefore  have  implemented  ongoing  Covid  management  protocols 
that  we  have  implemented  as  we  have  returned  to  office  working 
and as we ramp up activity on site with early works and the start of 
construction at Araguaia. 

A transformational year
The securing of a comprehensive project funding package for Araguaia 
has been the team’s focus for the past two years, this would have been 
achieved in a shorter timeframe if we had not lost one year as a result 
of the Covid pandemic. Whilst working to secure a traditional package 

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BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE 
BUSINESS

OUR VALUES ARE OUR 
GUIDING PRINCIPLES  

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Our  purpose 
informs  our  busines  model  and  our  strategic 
objectives. Our values inform the behaviour and standards expected 
of all our colleagues and associates. Together these enable us to work 
towards our vision of becoming a globally significant producer of low-
cost, high-grade sustainably sourced nickel that delivers long-term 
value to all its stakeholders. Our strong culture built from our core 
values ensures all members of our team share our common purpose 
and  work  hard  to  continually  progress  the  company  through  hard 
work, dedication, and entrepreneurialism in order for us to create a 
modern, sustainable business. 

The nickel Horizonte will produce will be used in stainless steel and 
batteries,  which  is  critical  for  the  clean  energy  transition.  Nickel 
enables  sustainable  development  for  communities  and  countries 
across the world.

Our culture is inclusive and supportive, encouraging all employees to 
take ownership of their work, lead by example and be accountable 
for their successes and failures. Proudly Brazilian, we promote local 
employment  wherever  possible  and  provide  continual  training  to 
upskill our workforce. 

In  addition  to  local  employment  opportunities,  we  enrich  our  local 
communities  with  employment  through  improved  infrastructure 
and social services and help for underprivileged members of society 
through our social investment initiatives. These initiatives are often 
implemented in conjunction with governmental bodies as we work to 
achieve their goals and objectives alongside our own. Environmental 
stewardship is a key area of this coalition and is key to long term sus-
tainable business. 

We  are  focussed  on  producing  low-cost, 
low-carbon,  sustainable  nickel  products, 
profitably,  to  benefit  our  workforce, 
local communities, host nation and 
our shareholders. 

VISION

To be a globally significant,
profitable producer 
of sustainably 
sourced 
nickel

PURPOSE

Sustainable supply
of nickel to enable
the clean energy
transition

VALUES

Health & Safety
Commitement & Cooperation
Integrity & Respect
Responsibility &
Accountability

STRATEGY

Develop
Fund
Build
Produce

Health & Safety
Health,  safety  and  well-being  is  at  the 
forefront  of  all  our  operational  activities. 
We  are  dedicated  to  assessing 
risks 
appropriately and implementing appropriate 
measures  to  mitigate  risks  that  could 
potentially  cause  harm  to  our  employees. 
We understand the importance of a healthy 
and  happy  workforce  and  are  therefore 
committed  to  protecting  and  promoting 
all  employee’s  health  and  well-being.  We 
ensure  each  individual  understands  that 
health  and  safety  is  their  responsibility 
whilst  also  instilling  a  culture  of  caring  for 
our colleagues. 

Commitment & Cooperation
A united team is Horizonte’s greatest asset. 
The Company is committed to helping each 
employee  reach  their  individual  goals,  and 
the Horizonte team is united by the shared 
goal  of  the  Company’s  overall  success.  We 
achieve these goals and objectives through 
hard  work  and  cooperation.  Open  and 
constructive  communication  is  encouraged 
amongst all employees, irrespective or role 
or  seniority  in  order  to  ensure  continual 
focus, efficiency and efficacy.

integrity  and  respect 

Integrity & Respect
Operating  with 
is 
critical  to  protecting  and  promoting  our 
reputation  for  best  practice.  We  operate 
with  respect  towards  all  people  regardless 
of  their  background,  culture  or  lifestyle, 
and  we  do  so  in  a  manner  that  is  honest, 
fair and ethical. 

Responsibility & Accountability
We  take  responsibility  for  our  decisions, 
actions  and  outcomes  as 
individuals 
and  as  a  collective.  We  are  receptive  to 
recognising  our  faults  and  open  to  advice 
on  how  to  improve  our  performance.  We 
achieve  accountability 
regular 
and  transparent  communication  with  all 
our stakeholders.

through 

Sustainability & Innovation
Developing a sustainable business requires 
a  true  understanding  of  the  constantly 
changing  landscape  in  which  we  operate. 
We  strive  to  impact  our  employees,  local 
communities  and  other  key  stakeholders 
positively  whilst  minimising  any  adverse 
impacts  on  the  natural  environment.  We 
are  therefore  focussed  on  environmental 
stewardship,  social  development  and  good 
corporate  governance.  To  achieve  these 
goals,  we  are  open  to 
innovation  and 
technological advancements.

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

OUR VALUES IN ACTION

COMMITMENT & COOPERATION
Igor Torres, Project Integration Lead

“We  at  Horizonte  Minerals  generate,  manage  and 
communicate  information  in  search  of  the  best 
results  for  ourselves,  the  community  that  hosts  us 
and our investors. We are committed to great results 
that  effectively  use  our  resources.  I  have  had  the 
privilege of participating since the beginning of the 
Araguaia  and  Vermelho  Projects,  and  it  is  amazing 
and inspiring to see what has been achieved through 
our  commitment,  cooperation  and  our  attitude  to 
solve problems and never give up. We have already 
achieved so many of our goals as a result of a united 
and dedicated team, there are many more to come. 
At  Horizonte  we  turn  dreams  into  a  reality,  with 
first  Nickel  from  Araguaia  in  Q1  2024  and  then 
Vermelho to follow!”

INTEGRITY & RESPECT
Wilma Pereira Fialho, Administration Assistant

“At  Horizonte,  we  do  our  best  to  ensure  all  our 
employees  and  contractors  work  with  integrity  & 
respect towards themselves, towards the community 
and other stakeholders. As a person who was born 
in Conceição do Araguaia, in my opinion, Horizonte 
Minerals is a great opportunity for those who want 
to develop themselves. I can see that our managers 
are  engaged  and  committed  to  make  our  work 
environment  even  more  productive  and  supportive. 
We  are  always  learning,  working  with  people  from 
distinct  backgrounds,  respecting  them  regardless 
of their culture, religion or lifestyle. In fact, working 
with such a diverse team make Horizonte even more 
prepared to be a significant nickel producer.”

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BUSINESS MODEL

INPUTS

OUTPUTS

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

MARKET FUNDAMENTALS

ASSETS

Global supply
Read about the uses of nickel in the clean energy 
transition on pages 18-19

Tier 1 projects
Get an overview of our projects on pages 2-3

Our people
Read about our team on pages 4-5

Funding
Read about our strong financial position 
on pages 26-27

Global demand
Read about the current nickel supply shortages 
on pages 18-19

Commodity price
Read about the positive nickel price trend on 
pages 18-19

INTEGRATED APPROACH

Good corporate citizen
Read about our commitment to sustainability 
on pages 22-23

Good corporate governance
Read about our corporate governance 
on pages 34-35

Stakeholder engagement
Read about our stakeholder engagement 
on pages 24-25

Present a unique nickel investment opportunity

Increase our team’s capability

Deliver value to shareholders through 
operational progress

Minimise our environmental footprint

Build strong relationships with our stakeholders

Implement carbon reduction initiatives from 
project planning stage

Invest in our future

Maintain a strong balance sheet

DEVELOP

GOVERNANCE

FUND

OUR
BUSINESS
STRATEGY

BUILD

ENVIRONMENT

OUR
INTEGRATED
COMMITMENT TO
SUSTAINABILITY

COMMUNITIES

OPERATE

PEOPLE

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STRATEGY

Delivering quality work, on time, on budget, safely with 
the  support  of  our  local  communities  will  enable  us  to 
deliver  our  long-term  objective  of  delivering  scalable 
production of high-grade nickel.

Our  vision  is  to  be  a  globally  significant,  profitable  producer  of 
sustainably  sourced  nickel  to  fulfil  our  purpose  of  supplying 
sustainable  metals  to  the  enable  the  clean  energy  transition. 
Horizonte  will  deliver  this  vision  through  our  immediate  strategic 
objectives: focus on health and safety, integration of sustainability, 
project  development  and  financial  security  and  our  longer-term 
strategic objective of delivering scalable production.

Stakeholder  holder  engagement  is  critical  to  our  ongoing  success. 
Through continual, proactive engagement with all our stakeholders 
we are able to ensure alignment between our strategic objectives and 
the interests of our stakeholders. As part of our annual sustainability 
reporting,  we  conduct  a  materiality  assessment  to  assess  the 
changing  priorities  of  our  stakeholders  and  adjust  our  strategic 
objectives  accordingly.  The  interests  of  all  our  stakeholders  are 
considered in the strategic decisions we make across the business.

Please read our Sustainability Report for more information of our 
materiality  assessment  and  materials  topics,  in  line  with  Global 
Reporting Initiative principles.

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES

PROGRESS

Focus on health and safety
The health, safety and wellbeing of all 
our employees and contractors is our 
top priority

Appointment of Health & Safety Manager
Increased health and safety reporting metrics
Adoption of 10 Golden Rules

Integration of sustainability
Sustainability is critical to our long-term 
success. We are focussed on implementing 
best practice sustainability standards across 
all areas of the business

Project development
Progressing our two, tier one projects 
through construction and into production is 
central to our business model and allows us 
to deliver value to our stakeholders

Financial security
Securing appropriate funding for the 
development of our projects gives us 
the financial security and flexibility to 
successfully deliver our vision

Internal consultation on the value of 
sustainability

Incorporation of ESG related metrics in all 
employees personal development plans

Araguaia
~ Owner’s Lead Team recruited
~ 91% Owner’s Team recruited
~ Execution phase detailed in project execution schedule
~ Pre-production costs finalised
~ All environmental and licences obtained required for 

construction

~ Environmental and social obligations in tracking system 

and being deployed on schedule

Vermelho
~ 70% FS Owner’s team recruited
~ 70% FS work plan completed
~ Social and Environmental Impact Assessment progressed

~ $346.2 million senior debt package secured with BNP 

Paribas, Natixis, Societe Generale, ING and SEK including 
$146.2 million Export Credit Agency tranche with EKF 
and Finnvera

~ $197 million equity finance completed including $71 

million from La Mancha, $50 million from Orion Resource 
Partners and $7 million from Glencore

~ Comprehensive funding package fully funds Araguaia 

stage 1 with approximately US$100 million of contingency, 
growth allowance and cost overrun funding allowance
~ $25 million royalty secured with Orion for the completion 

of Vermelho feasibility study

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Safety Talk at our Conceição do Araguaia site 

PERFORMANCE

497,581 injury-free hours

0 fatalities

254 safety briefings

Araguaia complies with 
~ Brazilian regulation
~ IFC Performance Standards 
~ Equator Principles

Araguaia
Construction ready with 
early works underway

LONG TERM TARGETS

TRIF 4 or less

0 permanently disabling injuries

0 fatalities

100% of licence and permitting 
obligations met

>95% of lender obligations met with no 
material issues generated by issues

First production at Araguaia anticipated in 
Q1 2024 

50% ramp-up achieved with 6 months of first 
metal production

Completion of Vermelho Feasibility Study and 
advancement of permitting

Araguaia
US$633M funding package secured 
100%, 10-year offtake secured with Glencore

Vermelho
US$25M secured for Feasibility Study

0 additional funds required for Araguaia 

Stage 1 capex secured

Strong balance sheet maintained

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OUR STRATEGY IN ACTION

Integration of Sustainability - A Fully Automated 
Sustainability System
Strong  sustainability  governance  systems  have  been  key 
to Horizonte’s success. Over five years ago, we integrated 
IFC  Performance  Standards  and  Equator  Principles  into 
the  Araguaia  project.  Three  years  ago,  we  published 
our  first  standalone  Sustainability  Report  using  GRI 
standards.  Throughout 2021, the sustainability team fully 
implemented  the  Integrated  Management  System  (IMS), 
which  integrates  all  social,  environmental,  governance 
and permitting requirements for our Brazilian licences and 
international standards.  With the help of ERM, Horizonte’s 
IMS uses technologies such as M-Risk and Verde Guaia to 
manage all aspects of sustainability. 
Management  and  key  sustainability  staff  have  access 
to  real-time  reports  to  view  compliance  against  permits, 
upcoming  notifications,  permit 
renewal  dates  and 
commitments  with  lenders  to  meet  environment  and 
social agreements. 

The IMS meets International Organization for Standardization 
importantly,  significantly 
(ISO)  requirements,  but  most 
reduces  our  ESG  risks  and  helps  keep  Araguaia  on  track  in 
meeting its commitments to all stakeholders.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Safety and Wellbeing in Action
Horizonte has continued to operate since its inception with 
zero  fatalities  and  achieved  another  year  of  zero  injuries, 
taking us to 4 years injury-free at the end of 2021.

The focus throughout 2021 was to prepare the team and our 
systems to move to construction-ready safety procedures. 
The Company has built-out a health and safety team and 
all  are  based  at  site  to  provide  real-time  oversight  and 
management of risks. With early works commencing, this 
has given the team the opportunity to closely assess our 
procedures and improve safety management.

We have developed a comprehensive safe work system that 
will be rolled-out in H1 2022 ahead of major construction 
works, including:

~ Safe Work Procedures for routine work
~ Safe work planning and permitting 
~ Behavioural safety program including behavioural 

observations to reinforce positive behaviours, and to 
address at risk situations and behaviours

~ Layered audits of work procedures to coach and 

improve effectiveness

~ 12 fatal risk control protocols and golden rules
~ Contractor supervisor and team member selection, 

training and on-boarding process

~ Comprehensive Health & Safety contractor 

management provisions

~ Integration of emergency response plans of EPCM into 
Horizonte’s own Integrated Management System

life 
While  some  countries  are  gradually  adapting  to 
with  COVID-19,  the  pandemic  continues  to  exact  a 
in  developing  countries,  such 
heavy  toll,  particularly 
as  Brazil.  Horizonte 
is  very  proud  of  the  diligence 
shown  by  our  employees  and  contractors,  for  each 
other  and  for  their 
local  communities,  by  adhering 
to  Horizonte’s  strict  COVID-19  protocol,  prioritising 
health  controls,  supporting  vaccination  programs  and 
supporting vaccination clinics near in our local community. 

We  continue  to  hold  a  record  of  9  work-related 
transmissions of COVID-19 at Horizonte. 

Our  project  team  has  also  embedded  a  range  of  controls 
and  contingencies  for  COVID-19  to  ensure  safe  and 
healthy  operating  environments  are  upheld  throughout 
construction of the Araguaia project. 

Lucas Oliveira Magalhães, field assistant, working in the drilling campaign

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Strategy key:

Develop

Fund

Build

Operate

WE  USE  VARIOUS  FINANCIAL  AND  NON-FINANCIAL 
PERFORMANCE  MEASURES  TO  HELP  EVALUATE  THE 
ONGOING PERFORMANCE OF OUR BUSINESS. 

LINKED TO OUR STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES, THE FOLLOWING 
MEASURES ARE CONSIDERED BY MANAGEMENT TO BE 
SOME  OF  THE  MOST  IMPORTANT  IN  EVALUATING  OUR 
OVERALL PERFORMANCE YEAR ON YEAR. 

Core drilling sample

1. HEALTH & SAFETY
a. LTIFR

b. Fatalities

2. SUSTAINABILITY
a. Environmental incidents

b. Local employment

c. Social investment

3. FINANCIAL
a. Capital expenditure

b. Cash balance

US$145 k

US$24.8 m

US$210.5 m

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

50%

53%

43%

US$11 k US$25 k

US$8.19 m

US$5.7 m

US$7.2 m US$23 m

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

2021

2020

2019

Relevance
We aim to provide a safe working 
environment for all employees and 
contractors. The lost time injury 
frequency rate measures the number 
of injuries per 1 million hours worked 
that result in time lost from work

Link to Strategy

Link to Risks

7

8

9

Relevance
The safety of our employees and 
contractors is our top priority. We 
have a 0 fatality target.

Link to Strategy

Link to Risks

7

8

9

Relevance
Environmental stewardship is key to 
our long-term success. We operate 
in an environmentally conscientious  
manner and minimise the impact 
of our activities to aim for 0 
environmental incidents

Relevance
We are committed to delivering 
shared value to our local communities. 
This is partly achieved through creating 
employment opportunities for local 
community members

Link to Strategy

Link to Risks

4

5

8

Link to Strategy

Link to Risks

5

7

Relevance
The support of the local communities 
in the region of our operations is 
critical. We seek to partner with our 
communities to enrich the socio-
economic environment through 
investment to relevant projects

Relevance
Capital expenditure reflects the 
investment in operations and team

Link to Strategy

Relevance
We are focused on securing a 
strong balance sheet to fund the 
construction of Araguaia Stage 1 
and maintain financial flexibility

Link to Strategy

Link to Strategy

Link to Risks 

Link to Risks

5

7

8

2

4

5

7

8

Link to Risks 

4

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MARKET OVERVIEW

The transition to a net-zero economy will be 
metal-intensive
By  the  end  of  the  November  2021  United  Nations  Climate 
Change Conference (COP26), it had become clear that the climate 
commitments  made  in  Glasgow  have  entrenched  the  net-zero 
target of reducing global carbon emissions as a core principle for 
business. It also became apparent that the net-zero commitments 
are outpacing the formation of supply chains, market mechanisms, 
financing  models,  and  other  solutions  and  structures  needed  to 
enable the world’s decarbonization pathway.

Raw  materials  are  at  the  centre  of  decarbonisation  efforts  and 
electrification  of  the  economy  as  we  move  from  fossil  fuels  to 
wind  and  solar  power  generation,  battery-  and  fuel-  cell-based 
electric vehicles (EVs), and hydrogen production. 

Nickel’s role in the clean energy transition 
Nickel  has  traditionally  been  known  as  a  critical  component  in 
stainless  steel,  two  thirds  of  global  nickel  production  go  into  its 
manufacture. As the world transitions towards a green economy, 
nickel’s role has begun to evolve, as its critical role in sustainable 
energy systems and new battery technology has emerged.

Nickel plays a number of roles in the clean energy 
transition, including:

~ 325M EVs expected to be in operation globally by 2040. A 

60Kwh NMC battery needs 39kg of nickel

~ Carbon Capture & storage -200t of nickel required to capture 

and store 1.5MT CO2 / pa 

~ Nickel Improves strength & durability of wind turbines. Each 

turbine requires, 2,000 kg of Nickel 

~ Hydro-electric plants need durable nickel -rich stainless-
steel turbines. Global hydro-electric capacity expected to 
grow 70% by 2040

~ Nickel alloys plan an important role in ensuring the integrity, 

durability & long-term performance of nuclear power 
stations. Global expansion plans: 50 under construction 100 
on order/planned 300 proposed Nickel- containing alloys 
prevent corrosion in geothermal energy generation 

Nickel’s price performance surpassed 
expectations in 2021
Kicking off 2021 on an already bright note after a 2020 that saw 
prices fall sharply, nickel opened the year at US$17,344.

The properties of nickel facilitate the deployment of the multiple 
clean  energy  technologies  –  geothermal,  batteries  for  EVs  and 
energy  storage,  hydrogen,  hydro,  wind  and  concentrating  solar 
power. It is also necessary in nuclear energy technologies as well 
as carbon capture and storage.

The  reopening  of  economies  after  strict  restrictions  due  to 
COVID-19  supported  prices  in  the  first  quarter  of  2021  as 
well.  In  Q2,  following  news  from  top  producer  Tsingshan  that 
eased  concerns  over  a  supply  shortage,  prices  experienced  a 
steep decline.

Nickel provides a major cathode material in lithium ion batteries. 
In  nickel-containing  stainless  steel,  nickel  provides  toughness, 
strength  and  enhanced  corrosion 
resistance,  significantly 
increasing the end product’s life. 

By  late  October  nickel  had  surged  to  seven-year  highs  amid 
concerns  of  limited  supply    -  with  multiple  major  producers 
revising production guidance citing labour issues, adverse weather 
and shipping issues - to meet resilient demand from economies 
reopening as the pandemic retreated.

In  January  2022,  the  nickel  price  had  surged  to  its  highest  in 
decades  as  stockpiles  dwindled.  Analysts  noted  that  inventories 
around the world were at a critical level and prices were starting 
to reflect that. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Accelerating battery demand will fundamentally 
alter the market 
2021  was  an  unprecedented  year  for  the  electric  vehicle  (EV) 
market,  18.5%  of  all  new  cars  registered  in  2021  were  either 
hybrid plug-in or fully electric. In China new energy vehicle (cars 
eligible for an EV subsidy) sales jumped 169% in a year. Many of 
the world’s largest car manufacturers facilitating this trend, 2021 
saw Ford, VW and Mercedes Benz all publicly committed to a full 
transition to EVs. 

Demand for nickel batteries has continued to increase, with OEM’s 
looking  to  increase  battery  energy  intensity.  Car  manufacturers 
have  adopted  high-nickel  content  cathode  chemistries  at  a 
faster  rate  than  anticipated.  According  to  BMO  Commodities 
research  nickel-cobalt  manganese  811  (NCM)  market  share 
is  estimated  to  have  reached  14%  in  2021,  compared  to  less 
than  8%  increase  in  2020,  with  expectations  that  this  trend  will 
continue in coming years at the expense of other cathodes. BMO 
expects  nickel  demand  from  EVs  to  rise  a  further  60  Kt  in  2022, 
as  battery  manufacturers  look  to  develop  low  cobalt  batteries, 
looking  instead  to  higher  nickel  composition  batteries.  However, 
the proportion of nickel-free LFP (lithium iron phosphate) battery 
installed capacity has risen to over 25% of total market share in 
2021, however LFP  remains to be focused in China.

Growing demand in 2022
2022 is on track to be the first year that global nickel demand will 
surpass 3 million tonnes. To put this in context, in 2000 demand 
had  not  surpassed  1.1  million  tonnes.  The  International  Energy 
Agency has forecasted that demand for nickel must grow 19-fold 
by 2040 if the world hopes to achieve the targets set out by the 
Paris agreement on climate change. 

Already  global  nickel  supply  is  falling  short.  In  2021  Nickel  saw 
a  supply  –  demand  deficit  of  roughly  180,000  tonnes,  equating 
to 6% of its total market size. Nickel had by far the largest deficit 
when  compared  to  other  base  metals  in  2021.  Early  in  2022 
nickel  reached  a  ten  year  high  of  $22,745  per  tonne,  reflecting 
depleted  stockpiles  in  LME  approved  warehouses  and  official 
Chinese  stockpiles.    In  order  to  prevent  stockpiles  being  raided 
further  supply  will  have  to  increase  by  at  least  200kt  this  year. 
In the next decade increases in supply are expected to originate 
from Indonesia, BMO expects at 300kt increase in output this year, 
however  this  heightened  supply  will  be  carbon  intensive  as  it  is 
powered by coal-fired electricity used in nickel processing projects. 

The stainless steel continues to be nickel’s main driver
Stainless  steel,  aided  by  a  construction  boom  following  the 
pandemic  has  had  a  strong  2021,  attaining  a  market  volume  of 
almost 50,000 KMT in 2021. The market is projected to grow at 
CAGR of 2.8% between 2022 and 2027. The stainless-steel market 
is dominated by China, which saw a significant increase in demand 
in 2021 adding almost 3Mt of product. 

In terms of supply the industry is expected to contract in 2022 as 
there is pressure on the Chinese stainless industry to curb output, 
and look for 3% growth this year, slightly below the longer-term 
norms. The nickel market is heavily influenced by stainless steel 
demand, responsible for two thirds of nickel consumption. To put 
demand in context a 2% swing in stainless steel demand has the 
same  impact  on  nickel,  positive  or  negative,  as  a  16%  swing  in 
battery demand.

Ferronickel processing equipment acquired from CBA (Votorantim)

Ferronickel processing equipment acquired from CBA (Votorantim)

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Environmental & Social
Horizonte’s  environmental  and  social  workstreams  are  critical  to 
our social licence to operate. As part of the financing due diligence 
phase  and  in  preparation  for  the  construction  of  the  Project,  the 
sustainability team has further de-risked Araguaia by completing a 
number of management plans to ensure Araguaia remains compliant 
with  Equator  Principles  (IV)  and  IFC  Performance  Standards  with 
input by consulting groups ERM and Kienbaum.

The Company has permitted all infrastructure components of Araguaia, 
including the award of construction licences for the transmission line 
and the water pipeline in early 2021. 

A  full  suite  of  social  and  environmental  control  plans  have  been 
developed as part of Araguaia’s Brazilian environmental construction 
licences,  and  a  number  of  programmes  have  commenced  prior  to 
construction.  Some  examples  of  work  commenced  include  the 
resettlement action plan, social communication programme, safety 
improvements  for  school  communities  located  along  the  PA-449 
highway, and the Local Development Agenda programme.

VERMELHO
Whilst Araguaia has continued to be our focus for 2021, the Vermelho 
nickel-cobalt continues to progress.  In  March 2021 we awarded the 
contract for the Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) to 
Ramboll. Ramboll is a leading global consultancy firm with 300 offices 
worldwide, including Belo Horizonte. Ramboll’s Impact Assessment 
services are based on both commercial understanding and technical 
rigour to deliver projects that are advanced, sustainable and provide 
value to society. Horizonte has previously worked with Ramboll on 
the hydrology for Araguaia. 

The ESIA is an essential part of the permitting process for Vermelho 
and  expected  to  lead  to  the  award  of  the  Preliminary  Licence.    As 
Vermelho  is  located  within  the  Pará  State,  the  technical  agency 
responsible  for  reviewing  the  Environmental  Impact  Study  and 
Report  will  be  the  Pará  State  Secretariat  for  Environment  and 
Sustainability, SEMAS. 

Previous owner, Vale, conducted multiple environmental and social 
studies  and  reached  a  positive  construction  decision  in  2015.  The 
historical database created by Vale provides an excellent background 
and  basis  of  the  new  sustainability  studies.  Horizonte  is  also 
optimising the engineering for Vermelho’s dry-stack residue storage 
facility option. An additional benefit from the project resulting from 
this optimisation is the production of a bi-product, kieserite fertilizer 
which will be sold commercially into the Pará state agricultural market. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

The  integrated  ESIA  will  reflect  the  current  physical,  biological  and 
social settings and will include, but is not limited to:

~ Water availability and quality
~ An air and noise baseline study
~ Soil quality
~ A flora and fauna inventory
~ Socio-economic considerations
~ Community health and safety
~ Resettlement
~ Cultural heritage

In addition to local permit studies, further social and environmental 
impact  assessments  will  be  undertaken  in  line  with  International 
Finance  Corporation  Performance  Standards  and  the  Equator 
Principles (IV). 

As part of the Araguaia financing process, we were also pleased to 
secure  $25  million  for  Feasibility  Study  for  Vermelho.  A  dedicated 
team is now working to expedite the project alongside Araguaia. 

Outlook
Our  comprehensive  preparation  work  is  a  critical  part  of  delivering 
Araguaia  on  time,  on  budget  and  safely.  Not  only  has  Araguaia 
undergone  our  own  internal  reviews  and  improvements  but  the 
project has been subject to extensive due diligence by our lenders and 
major investors. We therefore feel very confident in the robustness of 
the project execution schedule and our ability to deliver it. Earlyworks 
have been underway during the wet season and have continued in 
the New Year with official start of site construction due to commence 
as  planned  in    Q2  in  conjunction  with  the  start  of  the  dry  season. 
Construction  at  Araguaia  will  continue  for  the  next  two  years  with 
first nickel anticipated for late 2023/early 2024. 

During the construction phase at Araguaia, we will also be advancing 
our plans for the development of stage two alongside the development 
of  Vermelho.  In  2022,  Horizonte  has  entered  a  new  phase  of  the 
Company’s journey with a significant increase in operational activity 
on site and an increase in our workforce.

I  am  extremely  privileged  to  have  led  the  remarkable  transition  of 
Horizonte  from  grass  roots  discovery  to  where  we  are  today.  Very 
few junior companies reach construction phase of a tier one project, 
let alone with a second tier one project following close behind. This is 
a very exciting time for Horizonte as we work towards first production 
and  I  would  like  to  thank  our  team  for  the  continued  hard  work 
on this journey.

Ramboll will be completing new field campaigns in a Covid-19 safe 
manner and is well serviced by its existing sustainability team in the 
Pará state region.  

Jeremy Martin
25 March 2022

OPERATIONAL REVIEW

~ Identify and partner with the best-placed Engineering, 
Procurement and Construction Management (EPCM) 
contractor to deliver the Project linked to the 
ECA funding package;

~ Update and detail the Project Execution Plan to reflect 

these inputs; and

~ Optimise the Operational Readiness Plan.

Key outcomes of the work include:
~ Prioritising procurement of linked process equipment 
as ‘process island packages’ where possible, to reduce 
interface risk;

~ Contract negotiations being well advanced with all 
key vendors following the completion of a detailed 
and rigorous assessment process of all technical and 
commercial proposals received and subsequent proposal 
optimisation process;

~ Competitive tenders completed and significant progress 

made on the following key packages:
•  Process equipment including crushers, conveyors, electrical, 

dryer, kiln, dust collection and refinery;

•  Electric furnace and calcine transfer system;
•  Overland powerline and main electrical infrastructure EPC; 

and

•  Construction contracts, including bulk earthworks, 

temporary construction infrastructure and services, and 
civil works;

~ Updated market proposals for key opex inputs; and
~ Capital expenditure and operational expenditure remain in 

line with the Value Engineering work.

Araguaia will be delivered according to an Engineering, Procurement 
and  Construction  Management  strategy  in  partnership  with  an 
experienced EPCM contractor. Key Horizonte employees, the Owner’s 
Team  will  integrated  into  the  broader  team  with  clear  roles  and 
responsibilities. Throughout the year, the team in Brazil undertook an 
extensive competitive tendering process across the process islands 
to  secure  world  class  suppliers  for  the  development  of  Araguaia. 
Ahead of final contract awards our team has been working with these 
suppliers during preparation phase to ensure seamless operational 
readiness.  Horizonte’s  strategy  to  deliver  this  approach  is  centred 
around four key areas:

~ Flowsheet design is based on a conventional process that 
is well within the operating parameters benchmarked 
throughout the industry. The design has been further 
validated through extensive testwork and a continuously 
operated pilot facility.

~ Use of tier one equipment suppliers and services providers 
track records of successful ferronickel projects and other 
major projects in Brazil.

~ Application of process islands, where equipment that is 
linked together in the flow sheet is procured from one 
vendor, to reduce interface risk and enable whole systems to 
be optimised.

~ Creation of an owner’s team of experienced Brazilian 

personnel, supported by an expert advisory panel with 
decades of ferronickel project design, project delivery and 
operations experience.

Jeremy Martin, CEO

ARAGUAIA
Our focus for 2021 was completion of the comprehensive Araguaia 
funding  project,  progressing  early  works  and  finalising  the  project 
execution schedule for project readiness. 

Araguaia is fully permitted to start construction and early in the year 
we secured the construction licence package for the development of 
the power line for the project.  The power line will connect Araguaia to 
the national power grid and will cover the full power requirement for 
the project at nameplate capacity. The approved package includes the 
preliminary licence (Licença Prévia), the construction licence (Licença 
de Instalação), and the related fauna and flora licences. These were 
granted by the Pará State Environmental Agency, Secretaria de Meio 
Ambiente e Sustentabilidade (‘SEMAS’). The licence package permits 
the implementation of a 120km, 230KV power line, and respective 
substation.  The  power  supply  will  be  hydroelectric  which  is  a  key 
factor in the ability to produce a low CO2 per tonne of product, in line 
with  other  Brazilian  ferronickel  producers,  placing  Araguaia  in  the 
lowest half of carbon emitters globally for nickel production. 

Based on the optimised scope and execution plan that was generated 
by  the  value  engineering  work  in  2020  through  2021  the  team 
focused on final preparations for project execution.

The objectives of this project readiness process were to:
~ Define the final process equipment specification and 

suppliers that will be used by the Project, particularly the 
electric furnace and rotary kiln;

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SUSTAINABILITY REVIEW

However,  it  is  important  not  to  become  complacent.    We  have 
commenced  recording  of  light  vehicle  incidents  as  we  ramp-
up  our  activities  at  site  and  our  health  and  safety  risks  are 
increasing as we move towards early works and construction in 
2022, with new risk exposures, such as working at heights.  The 
Company  is  implementing  defensive  driver  training  for  all  light 
vehicle drivers in Q1 2022 and will be onboarding a new Health & 
Safety Manager to build-out the team and implement a suite of 
procedures ahead of construction works. 

We  are  also  proud  to  report  0  workplace  transmissions  of 
Covid-19  during  2021,  and  this  is  largely  thanks  to  a  robust 
and  continuously  updated  Covid-19  protocol  adhered 
to by employees. 

People
In  Horizonte  we  say  that,  “we’re  only  as  good  as  our  team”. 
We put our success down to two major factors: the first – quality 
of  our  assets;  the  second  –  our  incredible  people  who  drive 
everything that Horizonte does.  
A motivated and dedicated team has always been the key to our 
success.  We have worked tirelessly to create a positive company 
culture through the implementation and promotion of our core 
values and our entrepreneurial spirit.  Horizonte provides a safe, 
stimulating  workplace  where  all  employees  are  treated  fairly 
and human rights are upheld. For that reason, throughout 2021, 
Horizonte  developed  its  first  standalone  Human  Rights  policy 
and Whistle Blower policy.  These are being rolled out in H1 2022. 

Growing  from  a 
junior  explorer  and  project  development 
company  into  a  tier  1  constructor  and  operator  is  challenging. 
As  our  workforce  grows  considerably,  we  are  conscientious 
about  maintaining  our  agile  nature,  whilst  acquiring  high 
quality talent and building our systems that are fit for a major 
mining company. 

By  the  end  of  2021,  Horizonte  had  tripled  its  workforce,  and 
of  our  in-country  workforce:  over  90%  are  Brazilian,  around 
20%  originate  from  our  local  communities  and  around  40% 
are  female.  The  Company  implemented  a  suite  of  Human 
Resource  procedures  in  2021  to  care  for  our  employees  and 
drive  performance,  including  a  Short-Term  Incentive  Program; 
Employee Assistance Program; and a People Committee tasked 
with attracting senior leadership talent.  

Environment
Our  commitment  to  the  responsible  production  of  premium 
quality  nickel  tailored  to  suit  customers’  requirements  is  well 
aligned  with  the  rapidly  evolving  needs  of  a  customer-driven 
world.  Nickel  is  a  key  player  in  the  sustainability-driven  supply 
chain.  Throughout  2021,  Horizonte  built-out  its  environment  & 
permitting  team,  now  with  10  full-time  employees  under  the 
leadership of Flavia Veronese.  The team successfully renewed 
the construction-licence for Araguaia and fully implemented the 
Integrated Management System (IMS), which integrates all social, 
environmental, governance and permitting requirements for our 
Brazilian  permits.  The  IMS  reduces  significant  management 
risk, by automating alerts to team members and managers for 
permit  renewals,  submission  dates,  reports,  notifications  and 
conditions. Whilst site activity is limited, the environmental team 
has  supported  the  land  acquisition  program,  through  ensuring 

Katie Millar, Head of ESG and Communications

In  2021,  we  saw  much  of  the  world  tested  to  its  limits  in 
dealing  with  the  continued  struggles  caused  by  the  global 
Covid-19  pandemic.    I’m  incredibly  proud  of  how  our  team 
across the UK and Brazil, came together to protect each other 
and  our  communities  as  well  as  sustaining  our  social  and 
environmental programmes.

The sustainability and operational teams showed flexibility, agility 
and resilience in advancing the Araguaia project to fully comply 
with  both  Brazilian  regulations  and  International  Standards 
(IFC Performance Standards and Equator Principles), which was 
necessary to support the funding package for Araguaia. 

Horizonte  worked  with  governments,  communities,  training 
institutions  and  communities,  to  pave  the  way  for  sustainable 
regional  economic  development  in  the  south-east  region  of 
the  Para  State  where  we  will  operate  the  Araguaia  project, 
and  where  we  are  commencing  the  Feasibility  Study  for  the 
Vermelho project. 

Health & Safety
Every employee and contractor should go to work knowing that 
they  will  come  home  safely.    We’re  proud  to  report  on  another 
outstanding  year  of  safety,  with  0  LTIs  in  2021.  The  Araguaia 
project has recently reached half a million LTI free hours. Keeping 
health  &  safety  at  the  forefront  of  our  business  is  crucial, 
particularly  given  the  rapid  increase  in  staff  throughout  2021 
(tripling of the Araguaia owners team) and going into a significant 
ramp-up period with 2000 staff and contractors expected in the 
peak of the Araguaia project in 2022/2023. 

22

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

that the Company has robust biodiversity action plans in place, to 
ensure a net positive biodiversity impact and significant reserve 
rehabilitation  program,  estimated  to  be  over  2000  hectares  of 
new forest throughout the life of mine. In 2021, 4 springs were 
rehabilitated and over 1500 native shrubs were grown to support 
flora diversity in the region. 

Social
Horizonte  plans  to  go  beyond  our  social  licence  to  operate  and 
been seen as a partner-of-choice for our local communities.  In 
Conceicao  do  Araguaia,  where  the  Araguaia  project  is  located, 
around  half  of  the  population  lives  below  the  poverty  line  and 
the Porject has the ability to positively transform the standard 
of living in this region.  Our second project, the Vermelho project, 
is  located  in  Canaa  dos  Carajas,  which  is  home  to  the  Carajas 
mining district, and Horizonte has the opportunity to set the bar 
high for mining companies by implementing Good International 
Industry Practice with a full suite of IFC Standards and Equator 
Principles, and by partnering to further develop the region. 

Horizonte  made  a  significant  economic  contribution  in  2021, 
distributing  almost  BRL  $38M  (Brazilian  Reais),  including  over 
BRL$3M  spent  on  taxes,  over  BRL$3.5M  spent  in  the  health, 
safety,  environment  and  community  area,  and  over  BRL$11M 
on wages to employees and contractors. The Company invested 
BRL$814,396.89 directly into community investment programs 
in  2021.  Community  investment  flowed  into  social  programs 
designed  to  bolster  Covid-19  defences,  including  assistance 
to  over  300  vulnerable  families  and  donations  of  over  10,000 
medical  items  to  Conceicao  do  Araguaia.  Regional  economic 
programs  were  also  supported,  such  as  the  flour  house  for 
women and cacau farmers crop diversification project. 

Throughout  the  past  year,  Horizonte  has  been  building-out  its 
social team, with 7 full time employees expected to be in role by 
the end of Q1 2022, including a dedicated social & resettlement 
manager, social coordinator and resettlement specialist. 

Governance
2021 saw the publication of our second standalone Sustainability 
Report.  This  report  was  a  huge  achievement  for  the  Company, 
as  it  not  only  showcases  our  ESG  achievements  to  date,  but 
also  outlines  the  detailed  materiality  process  undertaken 
across  multiple  stakeholder  groups,  identifying  9  key  areas  of 
materiality for sustainability in Horizonte. Additionally, the close-
out of 2021 saw the successful financing of the Araguaia project. 
To obtain this level of commitment from world-renowned banks 
and  institutional  investors,  the  Project  Sustainability  team 
worked tirelessly to implement the full suite of IFC Performance 
Standards and Equator Principles.  

Horizonte  aims  to  create  long-term  value  for  our  shareholders.  
To create this value, we embed sustainability value and economic 
value in the business decisions we make.

Sustainability  value  goes  beyond  our  social  licence  to  operate 
– it is our positive contribution to both society and the environment.
We measure our sustainability value through our achievements 
in  brining  real  and  positive  results  to  our  employees,  local 
communities, broader society/economy, business partners, the 
physical environment and our fauna & flora.

Horizonte commenced internal consultation on its Sustainability 
Value  platform  in  2021  and  this  will  be  advanced  throughout 
2022.  Through  this  platform,  we  hope  to  develop  a  pathway 
to  outstanding  sustainability  achievements,  with  clear  Key 
Performance Indicators across all 9 areas of materiality, including: 
water,  biodiversity,  GHG  emissions,  sustainability  frameworks 
&  standards,  stakeholder  engagement,  employee  health  & 
safety,  community  relations,  land  acquisition  &  resettlement 
and social investment. 

Horizonte  is  implementing  ESG  metrics  across  all  employee 
performance development plans, and is currently working with 
the  Board  of  Directors  to  strengthen  governance  measures, 
with  the  implementation  of  a  Board  Sustainability  Committee 
anticipated in 2022. 

Our Vision
Horizonte’s  vision  is  to  become  a  globally  significant  producer 
of  low-cost,  sustainably  sourced  nickel.  Reflecting  on  that 
vision,  I  see  Horizonte  as  a  growing  business,  building  talent 
and  delivering  outstanding  results  to  stakeholders  despite 
challenges.  

This  is  a  business  with  purpose,  and  we  have  built-out  a  team 
like-minded  entrepreneurial  spirited  people  who  work 
of 
collaboratively  to  develop 
innovative  solutions  to  complex 
sustainability  challenges.  Nickel  is  a  commodity  of  the  future, 
and  we  hope  that  by  integrating  purposeful  sustainability 
workstreams  from  the  early  onset  of  the  Company,  we  have 
placed  Horizonte  well  to  participate  in  the  growing  global 
nickel market. 

Katie Millar
25 March 2022

Mining technician Bruno and local farmer Daniel in the 
neighbouring area of the Araguaia Project

Fauna monitoring, assessing the native species

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

23

STAKEHOLDER 
ENGAGEMENT

All members of the Board of Directors understand 
the duties of directors under Section 172 of 
the Companies Act 2006. All Directors act in a 
manner, they consider in good faith, to promote 
the success of the Company for the benefit of all 
stakeholders and in doing so consider:

~ The likely consequence of any decision in 

the long term

~ The interests of the Company’s employees
~ The need to foster the Company’s 

business relationships with suppliers, 
customers and others

~ The impact of the Company’s operations on 

the community and the environment

~ The desirability of the Company maintaining 
a reputation for high standards of business 
conduct; and the need to act fairly between 
members of the Company.

Horizonte promotes the sustainable development 
of its two long mine life nickel projects to benefit 
our employees, shareholders, communities and 
the Brazilian government. Through continual 
formal and informal engagement with all our 
stakeholder groups, we have been able to 
determine their perspective and priorities and 
align these with our strategy and key business 
objectives. With this knowledge and alignment, 
the Board is able to consider a full range of 
impacts on all stakeholder groups in its decision-
making process. The key strategic decisions made 
by the Board during 2021 were:

~ Ongoing response to the COVID-19 pandemic
~ Appointment of Araguaia Lead Owner’s Team
~ Approval of US$633 million comprehensive 
funding package for the construction finance 
of the Araguaia Project

~ Integration of carbon emissions reduction 
programme into the project execution plan, 
ramp up and commercial operation

~ Changes to Board structure

The long-term strategic priorities, and plans to 
achieve these, are set out in the Strategic Report. 

The following table identifies our key stakeholder 
groups, the rationale for our engagement, how 
we engaged with them during the year, and the 
consideration of each group in the key strategic 
decisions made by the Board in 2021.

ENGAGEMENT RATIONALE & OBJECTIVES

KEY TOPICS

HOW WE ENGAGED DURING 2021

KEY DECISIONS MADE /ACTIONS TAKEN

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

EMPLOYEES
An  engaged  and  dedicated  workforce  is  our  most  important 
asset. Their continued commitment to the Company is reliant on 
us  providing  a  safe  and  engaging  workplace  that  ensures  each 
employee is heard, respected and is able to reach their potential 
through continued support and development.

~ Team Resources
~ Training and 
development
~ Health and 
safety

INVESTORS

The support of our shareholders is essential to the development 
of  the  Company.  As  we  seek  to  develop  a  sustainable  mining 
company  for  the  long-term,  it  is  critical  to  continually  attract 
new  long-term  investors  that  support  the  strategic  objectives 
of  the  Company.  In  discussing  our  investor  engagement  we 
are  considering  current  shareholders,  future  equity  investors, 
strategic financial partners and debt providers. Our shareholders 
and  new  investors  want  to  see  sustainable  value  creation. 
We  therefore  understand  the  importance  of  good  corporate 
governance  and  risk  management  whilst  promoting  the  strong 
operational potential of our assets.

~ Operational 
progress
~ Project 
financing
~ Board and team 
capability

COMMUNITIES

Trust, understanding and cooperation with the communities that 
surround our projects is critical to maintaining our social licence 
to  operate.  Community  engagement  informs  better  decision 
making and aligns interests to ensure the long-term success of 
our projects.

~ Employment 
opportunities
~ Environmental 
stewardship
~ Health and 
safety

SUPPLIERS
Operating  in  trusted  partnerships  with  suppliers  ensures  we 
are not only able to deliver our projects on time and on budget 
but  it  also  critical  in  maintaining  our  reputation  and  integrity. 
We aim to build long-term relationships with our suppliers and 
work with individuals and companies that share our values and 
complement our in-house expertise. 

~ Contract 
awards
~ Operational 
progress
~ Project 

financing 

GOVERNMENT & CIVIL SOCIETY
We aim to create a new long-standing mining company in Brazil 
with projects that span decades and generate value for all 
stakeholders. The ongoing support from all government bodies 
and civil society is critical to this development. We operate in 
line with all international and national regulations and following 
all permitting requirements. We value the importance of work-
ing collaboratively and productively with all relevant entities.

~ Employment 
opportunities
~ Social initiatives

~ An open line of communication is maintained between all employees, senior 

management and the Board.

~ Weekly team meetings are held and quarterly virtual all-company meetings 
were held in 2021. Updates on the projects and business objectives are 
presented and discussed. There is always an open forum for questions from 
employees and an invitation for anonymous emailed questions if employees are 
not comfortable raising questions publicly.

~ The Company has an HR function in the UK and Brazil and employees are 
provided with a formal induction to the Company on commencement of 
employment. This induction covers company values, policies and procedures.

~ The health, safety and well-being of our employees is our primary value. 

Relevant safety training and meetings are conducted in order to ensure a zero 
harm environment.

~ Employees were engaged as part of recruitment process to ensure 
understanding of the growing company structure, integrate new 
employees effectively and to provide reassurance of job security. Building 
a strong, collaborative team is critical to the Company’s ability to 
deliver operational success.

~ A new covid related protocol was implemented and communicated to all 
employees and were relevant to their individual working environment. 
Health & Safety is a core value. 

~ ‘HZM with you’ an employee assistance programme was established to 

provide employees with an anonymous hotline for them to discuss any issues, 
professional or personal with professional advisors.

~ An online internal portal was set up as a centrally managed, up to date 

resource base for all employees.

~ The senior management team holds regular one on one calls with our 

~ Investors were engaged as part of the project funding package. 

institutional equity shareholders and future equity investors.

~ A comprehensive technical team undertook multiple due diligence conference 
calls with debt providers and strategic financial partners. Under non-disclosure 
agreements the Company provided access to an update virtual data room. 

~ We have ongoing dialogue with retail shareholders via our info@

horizonteminerals.com email address and our Investor Relations   function
~ The CEO hosted a private investor focused webinar where investors were able 

to ask questions.

~ The CEO, CFO and Investor Relations attended over 100 one on one virtual 

investor meetings during the year where the topics of project updates, finance 
updates, sustainability and corporate governance were discussed.

~ Our Annual General Meeting (AGM) provided an opportunity for shareholders to 

raise concerns and engage with the Board.

~ Our website and social media channels are updated regularly to provide 

investors with more insight into the Company and its progress.

~ We have a Community Relations coordinator who continually engages with local 
communities on the issues of environmental stewardship, local employment 
and resettlement.

~ Our Social Communication Programme provides multiple anonymous and free 
to use channels in order for all community members to have the ability to ask 
questions, report issues and provide feedback. This is monitored by our social 
team and each enquiry is actioned.

~ In 2021 interactions with the community focused on employment opportunities, 
local supply chain, land access, cultural heritage, health & safety and COVID-19. 
Prior to the restrictions implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic this 
interaction was through face-to- face individual and group meetings. 
Community engagement continued throughout the pandemic but was 
conducted virtually.

Potential debt providers were engaged in a due diligence process to ensure 
their confidence in the Araguaia project and the Company’s ability to deliver 
it. The impact of taking on debt on existing shareholders in terms of dilution 
and the Company’s balance sheet, and for new potential equity investors 
and strategic financial partners was considered in terms of their role in the 
full financing of the project, the merits this debt package brings and the 
interconnected nature of the financing. The ability to finance the construction 
of the Araguaia project is critical to the Company’s strategy of becoming a 
major nickel producer. The Company balanced the differing requirements and 
preferences of all investor groups in this decision.

~ Key senior appointments – investors were given confidence by the level of 

senior talent the company has been able to attract in its ability to successfully 
deliver the construction phase of Araguaia.
~ Board changes – in line with the company’s commitment to the QCA Code and 
requirements of new major shareholders the company committed to a board 
restructure and ongoing corporate governance review.
~ The decision not to allow site visits due to ongoing covid related restrictions 

was mitigated by the creation of a more detailed virtual data room in order for 
investors to conduct due diligence.

~ The Social Team regularly communicated with the communities regarding 
the status of the project financing and anticipated completion in relation to 
employment opportunities, resettlement and activity on site. 
~ Multiple community focused videos were created and distributed via 

WhatsApp to communicate the company’s work to date in the region, our 
commitment to environmental and social initiatives and to educate our local 
communities on what to expect from the construction phase of the Araguaia 
project in terms of levels of activity in the area.

~ Maintaining the health & safety of our local communities and our 

commitment to social contributions was upheld during the year through the 
donation of medical supplies to support the vaccination effort. 

~ New team members were introduced to the community in line with the 

appointment of the Araguaia Lead Team.

~ All current and potential suppliers were kept up to date with regards to the 

~ A competitive tendering process was conducted in H2 2021 with decisions 

status of the project financing package and anticpate completion as it impacted 
contact decisions being made with all equipment and service providers. 
~ The senior management team holds regular calls with all engineering, 

environmental & social and other relevant specialised consultancy firms in 
respect to the development of our projects.
~ All suppliers are required to adhere to our Business Integrity Policy, which 
includes anti-bribery and anti-corruption clauses, as well as our Code of 
Conduct and operate under Non-Disclosure Agreements.
~ We are committed to improving the socio-economics of the area in which we 

operate and are therefore committed to local procurement.

anticipated to be finalised in H1 2022. The company’s procurement strategy is 
focused on securing world class partners to deliver the Araguaia project safely, 
on time and on budget.

~ The progress and anticpated completion of the project financing was discussed 
with key government personnel throughout the year to ensure they were up to 
date with the Company’s progress.

~ Our senior management team both in the UK and Brazil present the Company’s 
progress to relevant government department regularly, and when requested.
~ Our Country Manager and Head of ESG & Communications have developed 
strong relationships with the relevant government officials to ensure the 
Company receives the required permits.

~ The company discussed local employment opportunities and the activities 
related to construction with the relevant government departments 

~ The company collaborated with local government departments with respect 

to ongoing Covid response measures and donations.

~ Relevant new Araguaia Lead Team members were introduced to relevant 
government personnel to ensure the Company had multiple points of 
proactive contact.

24

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

25

FINANCIAL REVIEW

The  Group  is  not  yet  producing  minerals  and  so  has  no  income 
other than bank interest. Consequently, the Group is not expected 
to report profits until it is able to profitably develop or dispose of its 
exploration and development projects. The principal financial key 
performance  indicators  (‘KPIs’)  monitored  by  the  Board  concern 
levels and usage of cash.

The four main financial KPIs for the Group allow it to monitor costs 
and  plan  future  exploration  and  development  activities  and  are 
as follows:

Year ended 
31 December 
2021 
£

Year ended 
31 December 
2020
£

Loss before taxation

(9,670,803)

(2,385,937)

Cash and cash equivalents

156,186,302

10,935,563

Exploration & Mine 
Development assets

50,037,783

36,769,424

Cash and cash equivalents

£156,186,302 £10,935,563

Fair value of derivative asset 

3,672,924

1,756,553

2021

2020

Royalty finance

(33,016,624)

(22,053,341)

2.48%

5.9%

Net assets

170,106,826

21,410,702

Loss per share (pence)

0.568

0.157

Administrative expenses as a 
percentage of Total assets

Funds raised to advance 
Araguaia 

Mine Development/Exploration 
costs capitalised as intangible 
assets during the year

£167M

—

£15,370,452

£6,117,940

KPI’s are not GAAP measurements and are not intended to be a 
substitute for these measures. The KPI’s used by the Group may 
not be the same as those used by other companies and so should 
not be used as such. 

Administrative  expenses  as  a  percentage  of  total  assets  have 
decreased,  as  a  result  of  financing  secured  during  the  year  to 
finance the Araguaia project construction and increased activity in 
advancing the Araguaia project which was capitalised to the Mine 
Development asset.

Exploration  costs  capitalised  as  intangible  assets  predominantly 
relate  to  expenditure  on  the  Araguaia  project  during  2021  as 
a  result  of  the  value  engineering  work  undertaken  to  advance 
the  project  towards  being  construction  ready.  Including  in  this 
amount is also capitalised borrowing costs as a result of the Orion 
Financing arrangement.   

During  the  current  year  £167  million  (£20million  in  Q1  and 
£147  million  in  Q4)  was  secured  through  equity  fundraisers  to 
advance  the  Araguaia  project.  The  £147million  (approximately 
US$197  million)  raised  in  Q4  was  part  of  the  US$633  million 
funding  package  concluded  in  December  2021  to  finance  the 
construction of the Araguaia project.

Loss for the year
The  loss  for  the  year  increased  to  £9,670,803  from  £2,227,411 
in  2020  primarily  due  to  increased  headcount  and  activity  in 
securing the financing for the construction of the Araguaia project, 
the limit on the borrowings costs that could be capitalised to the 
mine development asset (excess was therefore expensed) and an 
overall  loss  on  foreign  exchange  during  the  year  due  to  volatile 
markets and the depreciation of the BRL.  Net finance cost  has 
increased  to  £4,043,794  compared  to  a  net  finance  income  of 
£236,986  in  2021,  due  to  the    excess  borrowing  costs  related 
to  the  development  of  the  Araguaia  project  that  was  expensed. 
During  the  year  interest  of  £5,248,379  (2020:  £2,100,521)  was 
capitalised to the mine development asset. 

The Group has continued to keep a tight control on its administrative 
costs,  but  they  are  expected  to  rise  as  the  Group  increases  its 
headcount and progresses with its commencement of construction 
at  Araguaia.  As  a  result  of  this  the  administrative  expenses 
increased during the year from £2,949,736 to £5,678,350. 

The  value  of  the  Mine  Development  asset  and  intangible 
assets  has  increased  significantly  during  year  due  to  the 
additions 
in  preparing  Araguaia  for  construction  and  the 
capitalisation of interest. 

Furthermore,  total  comprehensive  loss  attributable  to  equity 
holders  of  £12,088,897  included  loss  on  currency  translation 
differences of £2,418,094. This was due to the weakening of BRL 
against both USD and GBP as at 31 December 2021, as compared 
to 31 December 2020.

The weakening of the BRL during the period as a consequence of 
the Covid pandemic has had a large impact on the carrying value 
of the underlying mine development asset and intangible assets in 
Brazil. It has however conversely had a positive impact on the cost 
of  certain  operating  costs  and  capital  costs  for  item  sourced  in 
Brazil. The effect on the economics of the project has therefore not 
been negative as the revenue stream is to be USD denominated. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Cash and cash equivalents
The  group  held  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  £156,186,302 
compared  to  £10,935,563  in  the  prior  year.  The  increase  was  a 
result of funding of £147 million secured in December, before the 
end of the financial year.  

Royalty Liability
The  $25  million  royalty  finance  secured  in  2019  has  been 
recognised  as  a  liability  and  valued  using  the  amortised  cost 
basis  at    £33,016,624  at  31  December  2021  (£22,053,341 
at  31  December  2020).  This  funding  is  not  repayable  until  the  
Araguaia  project  enters  into  production  and  following  that  the 
royalty payments are made at a variable rate of 2.25% potentially 
increasing  to  3.0%  based  upon  the  date  that  project  finance 
is  secured  and  certain  level  of  construction  expenditure  is 
committed. The current assumed royalty rate is 2.95% compared 
to  2.65% at the end of 2020. The royalty is due on revenue less 
some associated costs on a quarterly basis and has been revalued 
based  on  the  expectation  of  the  future  royalty  payments  under 
the  agreement  using  the  effective  interest  method.  Included  in 
the agreement are certain embedded derivatives which can under 
certain  circumstances  result  in  the  Company  having  the  ability 
to  buy  back  certain  levels  of  the  royalty,  the  buy-back  price  is 
driven by the holder obtaining certain milestones on its return on 
investment.  The  result  of  these    options    are  a    derivative  asset 
being recognised on the balance sheet at a fair value of £3.7 million 
(2020: £1.8 million). 

Intangible Assets & PPE
Intangible  Assets  &  PPE,  which  comprise  both  the  Araguaia 
and  Vermelho  projects,  have 
increased  to  £50,037,783 
as  at  31  December  2021  as  compared  to  £36,769,424  at 
31 December 2020. The Group incurred additional expenditure 
in  the  year,  which  included  £10  million  mainly  in  relation  to 
work  undertaken  in  Araguaia  as  part  of  the  advances  of  the 
project  towards  commencement  of  construction;  as  well  as 
the capitalization of unwinding of the royalty liability totalling 
£5 million. 

There  was  also  a  foreign  exchange  revaluation 
loss  of 
£2.4  million  due  the  depreciation  of  the  BRL.  The  exploration 
assets of the business are recorded in the functional currency of 
Brazil, the country in which they are located.

Simon Retter
Company secretary and CFO
25 March 2022

Horizonte employees Raimundo Pereira and Carla Aiala 
monitoring air quality and rainfall.

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27

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

IDENTIFYING 
AND MANAGING RISKS

Identifying  and  managing  risk  across  all  areas  of  the  business 
is  integral  to  Horizonte.  A  risk  management  process  is  in  place 
for  assessing,  mitigating  and  managing  risks  associated  with 
corporate and operational decisions. 

The Board considers risk assessment to be important in achieving 
its  strategic  objectives.  The  Board’s  current  assessment  of  the 
principal risks are set out in the Strategic Report and are monitored 
by the Board at their meetings.

Risk management framework
The Board is responsible for putting in place and communicating 
a  sound  system  to  manage  risk  and  implement  internal  control. 
The  Board  has  considered  mechanisms  by  which  the  business 
and the financial risks facing the Group are managed and reported 
to  the  Board.  The  principal  business  and  financial  risks  have 
been identified and control procedures implemented.  The Board 
acknowledges its responsibility for reviewing the effectiveness of 
the systems that are in place to manage risk. 

The  Board  has  delegated  certain  authorities  around  risk 
management to the Audit Committee, which has its own formal 
terms of  reference. The Committee meets each quarter, at least 
four  times  a  year,  to  coincide  with  the  annual  audit,  and  the 
publication  of  its  financial  results,  to  assess  the  effectiveness 
of the Group’s system of internal controls. The Audit Committee 
is  chaired  by  David  Hall  and  comprises  only  independent  non-
executive Directors.   

RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS

Risk appetite
Exploration  for  and  the  development  of  mineral  resources, 
together  with  the  construction  and  development  of  mining 
operations  in  Brazil,  are  activities  that  involve  high  risk. 
Therefore,  Horizonte  makes 
informed  decisions  prior  to 
engaging in any associated activities which pose a significant 
risk to the Group. Where activities are undertaken, appropriate 
mitigations are put in place commensurate with the degree of 
risk that is faced. 

Emerging Risk
Horizonte considers emerging risk as part of the risk assessment 
process within our risk management framework. An emerging 
risk is one that could potentially impact the Group; howev-
er, the risk is not yet fully understood, limiting our ability 
to  fully  assess  the  likelihood  and  impact  of  such  risks. 
Such  risks  are  closely  monitored,  enabling  us  to  im-
plement mitigations when necessary or appropriate. 
As an emerging risk, the Group is aware of current 
inflationary pressures being felt around the world, 

REVIEW

but at present, given the Group is not yet in operation, it does 
not  consider  this  to  be  a  material  risk  to  the  Araguaia  project 
economics.  The  current  inflationary  pressures  exhibited  on 
the  capital  cost  are  not  deemed  to  be  unmanageable  as  a 
significant portion of the capital expenditure budget relates to 
equipment  packages  with  fixed  firm  pricing  that  has  already 
been  contracted  at  the  date  of  this  report.  The  Group  has 
signed a senior debt facility for US$346 million during the year 
which  is  priced  off  LIBOR  (or  its  successor)  and  will  therefore 
be exposed to changes in US dollar interest rates going forward. 
Given the relatively low starting point of US dollar interest rates 
(near record lows) the effect so far of any rises is not deemed 
to be significant. Should interest rates continue to rise then 
this will impact the interest payments due during both the 
construction  and  operating  phase  and  will  reduce  the 
retained earnings. This risk is currently deemed to be 
moderate.  An example of a risk that has transitioned 
from an emerging risk to a principal risk is the risk 
relating  to  COVID-19,  which  is  reflected  in  the 

risk entitled “COVID-19” described below. 

I

M

P

L

E

M

E

N

T

BOARD

AUDIT & RISK COMMITTEE

BOD has ultimate responsibility for risk 
management. BOD receives reports & updates from 
Board Committees and EC on key risks & mitigation

BOD delegates risk management responsibilites to 
ARC. ARC monitors the effectiveness of the Group’s 
risk identification, mitigation and controls

NICATE
ATE
NICATE
NICATE
A

U
U
U
M
M
M
M
M
M
CO
CO
CO

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

Executive Directors

Senior Management

OPERATIONS

Belo Office

CdA Office

EC monitors & facilitates the implementation of 
effective risk management practices by 
departmental management & ensures appropriate 
risk reporting up and down the business

Operational management has ownership, 
responsibility & accountability for directly assessing, 
controlling & mitigating risks

MONITOR

MITIGATE

EVALUATE

IDENTIFY

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29

Employees and contractor during our drilling campaign

PRINCIPAL RISKS 
AND UNCERTAINTIES

BUSINESS RISKS

Risk and Impact

1. COUNTRY

2. FOREIGN CURRENCY

3. COMMODITY PRICE

4. FUNDING

5. BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION

Commodity  prices  are  vol-
atile  and  are  dependent 
on  macro  global  events.  A 
significant decrease in the 
nickel  price  would  nega-
tively  impact  the  econom-
ics  and  therefore  viability 
of the Group’s projects.

The  Group’s  costs  are 
dominated 
in  a  number 
of currencies including US 
Dollars and Brazilian Real. 
The  intrinsic  volatility  of 
exchange  rates  give  rise 
to  an  ongoing  significant 
probability  of  occurrence 
of  an  adverse  exchange 
rate  fluctuation.  The  im-
pact of such a fluctuation 
can  be  large  across  calen-
dar years. 

The  UK  Bribery  Act  places 
onerous  requirements  on 
UK  companies  to  demon-
strate  the  effectiveness 
of 
anti-bribery 
their 
measures. 

Failing  to  implement  ade-
quate  systems  to  prevent 
corruption 
bribery  and 
could  result 
in  prosecu-
tion  of  the  Company  and 
its officers.

The  successful  develop-
ment  of  the  Group’s  proj-
ects  requires  significant 
investment.  The 
capital 
Group  currently  sources 
finance  through  the  issue 
of additional equity capital, 
debt  and  royalty  agree-
ments.  The  Group  does 
not generate revenues and 
is  therefore  reliant  on  its 
cash resources and obtain-
ing  additional  financing  to 
fund its operations, should 
the cash resources deplete 
and should there be a lack 
of  available  financing  al-
ternatives  the  Group  may 
find  it  difficult  to  fund  its 
working capital.

or 

but 

The  Group’s  operations 
are located in Brazil.  There 
may  be  potential  adverse 
operational  and  financial 
impacts  from  changes  in 
  political,  economic, 
the 
regulatory 
fiscal 
circumstances 
in  Brazil. 
Horizonte  has  operated 
in  Brazil 
for  over  10 
years however, it remains 
subject  to  uncertainties, 
not 
including 
limited  to,  changes 
in 
policies  or  the  personnel 
administering 
them, 
appropriation  of  property 
without fair compensation, 
cancellation 
or 
modification  of  contract 
rights,  royalty  and  tax 
increases  and  other  risks 
arising  out  of 
foreign 
governmental sovereignty 
in  which 
over  the  area 
these 
are 
conducted.
Country  risk  is  s  factor 
determining 
the 
economics and viability of 
our  projects, 
Increasing 
country  risk  may  have  an 
impact on our operational 
performance and financial 
results.

operations 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

2. FOREIGN CURRENCY
~ Risk management 
programme in 
place that seeks to 
limit the adverse 
effects of these 
risks on the financial 
performance of the 
Group. Details of the 
Group’s financial 
risk management 
objectives and 
policies are set out 
in note 3 to the 
Financial Statements.

1. COUNTRY
~ Brazil has a  stable 

political frameworks 
and actively supports 
foreign investment. 

~ Brazil has s a 

well-developed 
exploration and 
mining code with 
proactive support for 
foreign companies.

~ The Group 

maintains proactive 
relationships with 
relevant national and 
local government 
departments.

~ Horizonte continually 

monitors and 
developments in 
the national political 
environment.

Mitigation

3. COMMODITY PRICE
~ The strong 

4. FUNDING
~ The Group has 

economics of the 
Group’s projects 
allow for relatively 
low nickel prices. 
~ The Board and senior 
management team 
continually monitors 
the nickel price and, 
more importantly 
for the Group, the 
long term outlook for 
nickel.

secured a $633m 
funding package for 
the development 
of Araguaia which 
includes £100m of 
cost over-run, growth 
and contingency 
allowance.

~ The Group secured 
a $25m royalty 
agreement for the 
Vermelho Feasibility 
Study

~ The Group maintains 
strong relationships 
with shareholders 
and lenders
~ The Group 

has a ongoing 
investor relations 
programmes 
targeting new 
investors

~ The CFO and Head 
of Finance manage 
and review all Group 
budgets. 

5. BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION
~ We prohibit bribery 
and corruption 
in any form by 
all employees 
and by those 
working for and/
or connected with 
the business. Our 
executive officers 
are responsible for 
anti-bribery and 
corruption matters 
and, with the 
support of the Board, 
implements business 
integrity policy. 

~ The business 

integrity policy 
& programme 
focusses on training, 
monitoring, risk 
management, due 
diligence and regular 
review of policies 
and procedures. 
Employees are 
expected to report 
actual, attempted 
or suspected 
bribery to their line 
managers or through 
our independently 
managed confidential 
reporting process, 
which is available to 
all staff as well as 
third parties.

Risk Movement

1. COUNTRY

2. FOREIGN CURRENCY

3. COMMODITY PRICE

4. FUNDING

5. BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION

Unchanged - There 
have been no significant 
changes to the 
assessment of the risk. 

Unchanged - There 
have been no significant 
changes to the 
assessment of the risk.

Decreased – nickel price 
increased 30% in 2021

Decreased – significant 
funding secured during 
2021

Unchanged - There 
have been no significant 
changes to the 
assessment of the risk.

Daily health and safety talk

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31

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

SUSTAINABILITY RISKS

9. HEALTH AND SAFETY

Risk and Impact

10. COVID-19

~ Mine sites are, by their nature, dangerous places to 
work particularly due to the use of heavy machinery. 
Inappropriate use of heavy machinery or the failure to wear 
appropriate PPE and follow health and safety protocols 
may lead to serious injuries or loss of life.

~ During the period of these financial statements there has 
been an ongoing significant global pandemic which has 
had significant knock on effects for the majority of the 
world’s population, by way of the measures governments 
are taking to tackle the issue. This represents a risk to the 
Group’s operations by restricting travel, the potential to 
detriment the health and wellbeing of its employees, as 
well as the effects that this might have on the ability of 
the Group to finance and advance its operations in the 
timeframes envisaged.

9. HEALTH AND SAFETY

Mitigation

10. COVID-19

~ Stringent health and safety policies
~ Regular health and safety briefings
~ Regular health and safety inspections
~ Ongoing health and safety training mandatory for all 

~ Enhanced health and safety measures
~ Use of Covid appropriate personal protective equipment
~ Frequent Covid testing
~ Implementation of rotational teams to limited number of 

employees and contractors

~ Creation of 10 Golden Rules in respect to health and safety 

employees in the office if necessary

~ Home working when necessary

in preparation for construction phase at Araguaia

9. HEALTH AND SAFETY

Risk Movement

10. COVID-19

~ Unchanged – The Company maintained its 0 serious 

~ Reduced – Vaccination rollout allowed for a return to office 

injuries or fatalities record

working in 2021

This Strategic Report was approved by order of the Board on 25 March 2022.

Simon Retter
Company secretary and CFO
25 March 2022

PRINCIPAL RISKS & UNCERTAINTIES
CONTINUED

OPERATIONAL RISKS

Risk and Impact

6. PERMITTING

7. MINERAL RESOURCES STATEMENT 

8. PEOPLE

The Group’s current and future operations 
will require approvals and permits from 
various federal, state and local governmental 
authorities, and such operations are and 
will be governed by laws and regulations 
governing prospecting, development, mining, 
production, taxes, labour standards, health, 
waste disposal, toxic substances, land 
use, environmental protection, mine safety 
and other matters. There is no assurance 
that delays will not occur in connection 
with obtaining all necessary renewals of 
such approvals and permits for the existing 
operations or additional approvals or permits 
for any possible future changes to operations. 
Prior to any development on any of its 
properties, the Group must receive permits 
from appropriate governmental authorities. 
There can be no assurance that the Group 
will continue to hold all permits necessary to 
develop or continue operating at any particular 
property or obtain all required permits on 
reasonable terms or on a timely basis.

The Group’s reported resources and reserves 
are only estimates. No assurance can be 
given that the estimated resources will be 
recovered or that they will be recovered at the 
rates estimated. Mineral reserve and resource 
estimates are based on limited sampling and 
as a result are uncertain because the samples 
may not be fully representative of the full 
resource. Mineral resource estimates may 
require revision (either up or down) in future 
periods based on further drilling or actual 
production experience.

Any future resource figures will be estimates 
and there can be no assurance that the 
minerals are present, will be recovered or that 
they can be brought into profitable production. 
Furthermore, a decline in the market price 
for natural resources, particularly nickel, 
could render reserves containing relatively 
lower grades of these resources uneconomic 
to recover.

The Group is dependent upon its executive 
management team. Whilst it has entered 
into contractual agreements with the aim 
of securing the services of these personnel, 
as well as a long-term incentive plan 
comprising options and milestone incentives, 
the retention of their services cannot be 
guaranteed. The development and success 
of the Group depends on the ability to recruit 
and retain high quality and experienced 
staff. The loss of service of key personnel 
or the inability to attract additional qualified 
personnel as the Group grows could have 
an adverse effect on future business and 
financial conditions. 

6. PERMITTING
~ The Group maintains cooperative and 
proactive relation with all relevant 
government departments, and adheres 
to all required permitting process and 
title requirements.

Mitigation

7. MINERAL RESOURCES STATEMENT 

8. PEOPLE

~ Resource and  Reserve estimates 
have been prepared by a team 
of qualified specialists following 
guidelines of NI 43-101, an 
international recognised reporting 
code verified by independent, 
qualified consultants.

~ Significant recruitment programme 

undertaken in Brazil

~ New role of Head of Projects 

created and filled

~ Araguaia Owner’s Lead Team 

recruited

~ Additional support added to London 

corporate office

~ Formal Board nomination 

committee created

Risk Movement

6. PERMITTING
~ Reduced – power line licence for the full 
commercial power requirement for the 
Araguaia project received in 2021

7. MINERAL RESOURCES STATEMENT 

8. PEOPLE

~ Unchanged - There have been no 

~ Reduced – multiple senior hires 

significant changes to the assessment 
of the risk.

made during 2021

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33

Ferronickel processing equipment acquired from CBA (Votorantim).

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
NOTE FROM THE CHAIRMAN

Introduction 
is  committed  to  good  corporate  governance  and 
Horizonte 
accountability  to  all  stakeholders.  We  believe  robust  governance 
improves  performance  and  mitigates  risk  and  is  therefore  an 
important factor in achieving the medium to long-term success of 
the Company. 

Horizonte’s primary listing is on the London Alternative Investment 
Market (AIM). The Company abides by the AIM rule 26 regulation 
in respect to reporting and has therefore chosen to adhere to the 
Quoted Company Alliance’s (QCA) Corporate Governance Code for 
Small and Mid-Size Quoted Companies. 

In  Brazil  the  Company  has  been  a  member  of  the  Brazilian 
Association  of  Mineral  Exploration  Companies  (ABPM)  since 
2013  and  in  2020  it  became  a  member  of  the  Brazilian  Mining 
Institute (IBRAM). 

Creating  a  culture  of  good  governance  is  led  from  the  top,  by 
Horizonte’s Board, and is cultivated in every part of the organisation. 
Evolving the Company’s corporate governance is a key part of the 
Company’s transition. We have therefore committed to a corporate 
governance review and will be reporting on subsequent changes in 
2022 and beyond. 

David Hall, Chairman

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Our Approach
In line with the Company’s development and long-term strategic 
objectives,  Horizonte  complies  with  the  QCA  Corporate  Gover-
nance Code for Small and Mid-Sized Companies. Our QCA Code 
disclosures within this Annual Report are summarised in the ta-
ble below. Full details of how we have applied each of the ten prin-
ciples of the QCA Code can be found in the Governance section of 
our website www.horizonteminerals.com/uk/en/governance/ 
The Board meets regularly to determine the policy and business 
strategy of the Company and has adopted a schedule of matters 
that are reserved as the responsibility of the Board. 

inside 

The  Company  has  a  policy  on  share  dealing  and  confidentiality 
of 
information  for  persons  discharging  managerial 
responsibilities and persons closely associated with them, which 
contains  provisions  appropriate  for  a  company  whose  shares 
are  admitted  to  trading  on  AIM  (particularly  relating  to  dealing 
during close periods in accordance with Rule 21 of the AIM Rules 
and MAR) and the Company takes all reasonable steps to ensure 
compliance by the persons governed by such policy. 

The Board continues to monitor its governance framework on an 
ongoing basis. 

The Board considers that there is an appropriate balance between 
the Executives and Non-executives (both independent and non-
independent) and that no individual or small group dominates the 
Board’s decision making.  

The Board has reserved the following matters for sole approval 
by the Board:

~ Review and approval of the Company’s strategic plan
~ Review and approval of the Annual operating plan and 
financial budget, including any changes during the year

~ Establishment of expenditure limits and 

approval of exceptions

~ Hiring, review and compensation of CEO and CFO
~ Director recruitment
~ Appointment of Chairman 
~ Appointment of Committee Chairmen and Committee 

members 

Contractors working on the rescue of archeological pieces from the 
area where the transmission line will be built (Araguaia Project)

The QCA Corporate Governance Code

Principle

Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders

Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations

Disclosure within 
this report

See pages 12-13

See pages 24-25

Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term success

See pages 22-23

Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the organisation

See pages 28-31

Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair

See pages 36-39

Ensure that, between them, the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities

See pages 40-41

Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement

See pages 40-41

Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours

Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision making 
by the board

See pages 6-9

See pages 34-35

Communicate how the company is governed and is performing by maintaining dialogue with shareholders and 
other relevant stakeholders

See page 42

David Hall
25 March 2022

Employee wearing personal protection equipment (PPE) for working at heights

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

OUR CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
STRUCTURE 

Board
The  Board  of  Horizonte  is  responsible  for  setting  the  vision  and 
strategy  for  the  Company  to  deliver  value  to  all  stakeholders  by 
effectively putting in place its business model. 

Chairman
is  to  lead  the 
The  primary  responsibility  of  the  Chairman 
Board  effectively  and  to  oversee  the  adoption,  delivery  and 
communication  of  the  Company’s  corporate  governance  model. 
The chair has adequate separation from the day-to-day business 
to be able to make independent decisions. Save in exceptional (and 
well justified and explained) circumstances, the Chairman should 
not also fulfil the role of Chief Executive Officer. 

CEO
The Company’s CEO is charged with the delivery of the business 
model within the strategy set by the Board. The CEO works with 
the Chairman and NEDs in an open and transparent way and keeps 
the  chair  and  NEDs  up-to-date  with  operational  performance, 
risks and other issues to ensure that the business remains aligned 
with the strategy. 

Non-Executive Directors
The  Company’s  NEDs  participate  in  all  board  level  decisions  and 
play  a  particular  role  in  the  determination  and  articulation  of 
strategy.  The  Company’s  NEDs  provide  oversight  and  scrutiny 
of  the  performance  of  the  executive  directors,  whilst  both 
constructively  challenging  and  inspiring  them,  thereby  ensuring 
the  business  develops,  communicates  and  executes  the  agreed 
strategy and operates within the risk management framework. 

Remuneration Committee
The remuneration committee comprises David Hall, William Fisher 
and Allan Walker and is responsible for reviewing the performance 
of the Executive Director and senior management, and for setting 
the  framework  and  broad  policy  for  the  scale  and  structure  of 
their  remuneration,  taking  into  account  all  factors  which  it  shall 
deem necessary. The remuneration committee also recommends 
the  allocation  of  share  options  for  the  Board  to  approve  and  is 
responsible for setting up any performance criteria in relation to 
the exercise of options granted under any share options schemes 
adopted by the Group. 

Audit Committee
The  audit  committee,  comprising  Owen  Bavinton,  David  Hall, 
William  Fisher  and  Allan  Walker,  has  primary  responsibility  for 
monitoring  the  quality  of  internal  controls,  ensuring  that  the 
financial  performance  of  the  Group  is  properly  measured  and 
reported on and for reviewing reports from the Group’s auditors 
relating to the Group’s accounting and internal controls. 

Nomination Committee
In December 2021, the company established a formal nomination 
committee comprising Jeremy Martin, Owen Bavinton and  William 
Fisher.  The  committee  is  responsible  for  finding  and  assessing 
appropriate  candidates  for  the  Board  in  line  with  the  company’s 
evolving  required  skillset  of  mine  building  and  production.  The 
committee will also develop a formal succession plan. 

Contractors performing flora monitoring

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Ferronickel processing equipment acquired from CBA (Votorantim).

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
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37

BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

DAVID HALL, 
NON-EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN

JEREMY MARTIN, 
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

OWEN BAVINTON, 
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

ALLAN WALKER, 
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

SEPANTA DORRI, 
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

WILLIAM FISHER, 
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

David has over 30 years of experience in 
the  exploration  and  mining  sector  and 
has  worked  on  exploration  projects  and 
mines  in  over  40  countries.  From  1992, 
David  was  Chief  Geologist  for  Minorco, 
responsible  for  Central  and  Eastern 
Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East. 
In  1997  he  moved  to  South  America  to 
consult  to  Minorco  in  the  region,  and 
subsequently 
Exploration 
became 
Manager  for  AngloGold  South  America 
in  1999.    David  was  responsible  for 
exploration around the Cerro Vanguardia 
gold mine in Argentina, around the Morro 
Velho  and  Crixas  mines  in  Brazil  and 
establishing  the  exploration  programme 
that  resulted  in  the  discovery  of  the  La 
Recantada  gold  deposit  in  Peru,  as  well 
as joint ventures in Ecuador and Colombia. 
More  recently  David  was  the  Executive 
Director  and  Operations  Director  of 
Minmet,  where  he  led  the  divestment 
of  Minmet’s  exploration  assets  in  the 
to  GoldQuest 
Dominican  Republic 
Mining  Corporation.  David  was  also  the 
founder of Stratex International Plc, that 
discovered the Oksut gold deposit now in 
production with Centerra Gold.

Qualifications
Mr.  Hall  is  a  graduate  in  geology  from 
Trinity  College  Dublin  and  holds  a  Mas-
ter’s Degree in Mineral Exploration from 
Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario.
Mr. Hall is a fellow of the Society of Eco-
nomic Geologists and EuroGeol.

Jeremy  has  over  20  years  of  experience 
in  the  industry.  He  has  worked  in  South 
America,  Central  America  and  Europe, 
where  he  has  been  responsible  for 
exploration  programmes, 
grassroots 
resource 
mine 
and 
definition 
development  and  operation. 
In  2011 
Jeremy  founded  Rathdowney  Resources 
which identified, acquired and advanced a 
portfolio of zinc assets in Ireland and was 
listed on the TSX-V. He was the Founding 
Director of MedGold Resources, listed on 
the  TSX,  developing  gold  targets  Spain, 
Portugal and Serbia before founding Fast 
Net  Oil  &  Gas,  an  AIM  listed  alternative 
energy company. Jeremy was a Founding 
Director  of  Horizonte  Minerals  in  2006 
before becoming CEO in 2010, he has led 
the  company  through  the  discovery  and 
consolidation of Araguaia through to the 
construction stage.

Qualifications
Mr. Martin holds a degree in Mining Geol-
ogy from the Camborne School of Mines, 
and  a  Master's  Degree  in  mineral  explo-
ration  from  the  University  of  Leicester. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Society  of  Eco-
nomic  Geologists  and  the  Institute  of 
Mining Analysts.

Owen  has  over  45  years  of  diverse 
experience  in  the  minerals  exploration 
and  mining  sector  across  multiple 
jurisdictions.  After 
commodities  and 
brief  periods  as  a  junior  consultant  and 
an  underground  mine  geologist  on  a 
Witwatersrand  gold  mine,  from  1974 
to  1985  he  had  several  positions  with 
Western  Mining  Corporation,  finally  as 
Director  of  WMC’s  activities  in  Brazil. 
From  1986  to  1992  Owen  was  Chief 
Executive  Officer  of  Aredor  Guinea 
SA.  In  1992  he  joined  Anglo  American, 
where  he  stayed  until  his  retirement  in 
2010.  Based  initially  in  Turkey  and  then 
in  Budapest,  he  was  responsible  for 
Anglo American’s exploration and project 
evaluation  activities  in  the  FSU,  Central 
Europe  and  the  Middle  East.  He  moved 
to  London  in  1998,  initially  as  Head 
of  Exploration  for  Minorco,  and  later 
Group  Head  of  Exploration  and  Geology 
for  the  Anglo  American  Group.  In  those 
roles,  he  was  responsible  for  worldwide 
exploration  and  geosciences  covering  a 
range  of  exploration  projects,  through 
all  stages  of  development, 
including 
advanced projects and feasibility studies, 
as well as providing geoscience input into 
numerous acquisitions.

from 

from 

Qualifications
Dr.  Bavinton  graduated 
the 
University  of  Queensland  in  Geology  in 
1969, holds a Master’s Degree in Mineral 
Exploration 
Imperial  College, 
London  and  a  PhD  in  Economic  Geology 
from ANU, Canberra, Australia.
He is a fellow of the Society of Economic 
Geologists,  the  Association  of  Applied 
Geochemists  and 
Institute  of 
Materials, Mining and Metallurgy.

the 

responsible 

the  energy, 

investment  banking  and 

Allan  has  over  35  years  of  experience 
in 
fund 
management,  primarily 
focused  on 
project  finance  in  the  natural  resources 
sector    and  private  equity  in  emerging 
markets.  He  has  extensive  contacts 
in 
infrastructure  and 
resources  sectors  worldwide,  as  well 
as  with  governments,  multilateral 
agencies  and 
regional  development 
banks.  Allan  is  currently  a  consultant 
with  UK  Department  for  International 
Trade,  where  he 
is  Head  of  Project 
Finance. Previously he was with Masdar 
in  Abu  Dhabi,  as  Executive 
Capital 
Director, 
for  managing 
the  third-  party  private  equity  funds 
management  business  for  Masdar,  the 
Abu  Dhabi  government’s  clean  energy 
and sustainability company. Prior to that 
he  founded  (in  2005)  and  ran  a  similar 
private equity fund for Black River Asset 
Management  (UK)  Limited,  an  indirectly 
held  subsidiary  of  Cargill  Inc.  Prior  to 
Black  River,  Mr.  Walker  was  head  of 
power  and  infrastructure  in  London  for 
Standard  Bank  Plc,  a  world-  leader  in 
emerging  markets  resource  banking.  Mr. 
Walker  was  also  previously  a  director  in 
the  Global  Energy  and  Project  Finance 
Group  of  Credit  Suisse  First  Boston  in 
London and ran the energy group at CSFB 
Garantia  in  Sao  Paulo,  Brazil  from  1998 
to  2001,  where  he  spent  seven  years 
covering  Latin  America.  He  also  spent 
three  years  in  the  energy  group  of  ING 
Barings in New York.

Qualifications
Mr.  Walker  graduated  with  an  MA  in 
economic  geography  from  Cambridge 
University 
in  1982  and  received  his 
financial training on a one year residential 
training  programme  with  JP  Morgan  in 
New York in 1983.

of 

for 

In  her  capacity  as  Vice  President, 
Corporate 
Teck 
Development 
Resources  since  late  2018,  Ms.  Dorri  is 
identification  and 
responsible  for  the 
pursuit of external growth opportunities 
and  providing  support 
internal 
growth  initiatives.  In  earlier  roles,  Ms 
Dorri was Vice President, Corporate and 
Stakeholder  Development  at  Teranga 
Gold,  General  Manager,  Corporate 
Development at Xstrata Nickel, and Vice 
President,  Investment  Banking,  Metals 
and  Mining  Group  at  Merrill  Lynch 
Canada.  She  brings  to  the  role  15  years 
of  experience  in  mining  and  metals  in 
the  areas  of  corporate  development, 
financial and investment banking.

Qualifications
Ms. Dorri is a Canadian Chartered Profes-
sional Accountant and holds a Bachelor of 
Accountancy and a Master of Accountan-
cy, both from the University of Waterloo, 
and a Master of Business Administration 
from the London Business School.

(Bill)  has  extensive 

industry 
William 
experience  which  has 
included  a 
number  of  residential  posts  in  Africa, 
Australia,  Europe  and  Canada  in  both 
exploration  and  mining  positions.  Under 
his 
leadership,  Karmin  Exploration 
discovered  the  Aripuanã  base  metal 
sulphide  deposits  in  Brazil.  From  1997 
to  2001  Mr.  Fisher  was  Vice  President, 
Exploration  for  Boliden  AB,  a  major 
European mining and smelting company 
where  he  was  responsible  for  thirty 
five  projects 
in  nine  countries.  From 
2001  to  2008,  Bill  led  GlobeStar  Mining 
Corp.  from  an  exploration  company  to 
an emerging base metal producer in the 
Dominican  Republic,  which  developed 
and operated the Cerro de Maimon mine 
until  it  was  sold  to  Perilya  for  USD  186 
million. Mr. Fisher was also Chairman of 
Aurelian  Resources  which  was  acquired 
by  Kinross  in  2008  for  USD  1.2  Billion 
after the discovery of the Fruta del Norte 
gold deposit in Ecuador.

Qualifications
Mr. Fisher graduated as a geologist 
in 1979

38

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

39

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Due to the ongoing impact of Covid on the ability of large groups 
to  meet,  the  majority  of  the  Board  meetings  for  2021  were 
undertaken  remotely  by  teleconference.  The  AGM  was  held 
with a minimum attendance due to the ongoing restrictions on 
gatherings under legal direction as a direct result of Covid. 

The  audit  committee  met  quarterly  during  the  year  to  consider 
the Audit planning report and Audit completion report presented 
by  the  auditors  regarding  the  year  end  audit  process.  The  year 
end  audit  findings  were  focused  on  the  key  areas  identified 
during the planning process, the main items being: 

~ Internal controls and management override 
~ Carrying value and impairment of intangible exploration and 

evaluation assets 

~ Accounting for the royalty finance agreement 
~ Assessment recognition of contingent consolidation 
~ Going concern 

The audit committee were in agreement with all the findings 
and recommendations. 

The  remuneration  committee  met  twice  during  the  year  to 
consider  the  remuneration  levels  of  the  board  and  key  officers 
of  the  company,  to  consider  and  approve  the  basis  of  the  long 
term  incentive  plan  and  to  consider  and  award  options  to  key 
members of the team.

Evaluating Board Performance
In  accordance  with  best  practice  and  the  Code,  the  Board 
undertakes an annual formal evaluation of its performance and 
effectiveness,  and  that  of  each  Director  and  Committee.  This 
evaluation  is  conducted  by  way  of  a  questionnaire  from  the 
Chairman, co-ordinated by the Company Secretary and concluded 
by  Chairman  interviews  where  necessary.  In  addition,  the  Non-
Executive  Directors  met,  informally,  without  the  Chairman 
present  and  evaluated  his  performance.  The  Board  currently 
considers  that  the  use  of  external  consultants  to  facilitate  the 
Board evaluation process is unlikely to be of significant benefit to 
the process, although the option of doing so is kept under review. 

The Chairman has stated that he values this annual evaluation 
opportunity and considers it to be key to his role in creating an 
effective  Board.  He  has  reported  that  the  Board  was  satisfied 
that the Board was effective and well run, there were therefore 
no recommendations and none in the prior year. 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
CONTINUED

Board Composition
The  Board  comprises  a  group  of  experienced  Directors  with 
a  diverse  skillset  relevant  to  the  development  of  a  mining 
company.  Each  Director  has  a  wealth  of  experience  and  depth 
of knowledge in the mining industry and complementary fields 
including  law,  business  development  and  capital  markets.  This 
diversity  of  skills  and  experience  across  multiple  jurisdictions 
and professional disciplines provides the Company with effective 
leadership  and  direction.  Each  Director  keeps  their  skillset 
up  to  date  through  a  combination  of  continual  professional 
development  and  attendance  at  seminars  and  conferences 
relevant  for  the  industry  Horizonte  operates  in.  All  Directors 
retire  on  rotation  at  regular  intervals  in  accordance  with  the 
Company’s Articles of Association.

We understand the importance of an independent board and this 
independence is constantly reviewed. Of the current six members: 
one  Executive  Director  and  five  Non-Executive  Directors:  Mr 
Owen  Bavinton,  Mr  William  Fisher  and  Mr  Allan  Walker  are 
considered  independent  despite  several  of  these  members 
holding  shares  or  options  in  the  Company.  Due  to  Horizonte’s 
size and the nature of junior exploration companies the Company 
deemed  it  acceptable  to  remunerate  directors  with  options 
as  the  Company  historically  did  not  have  sufficient  financial 
strength to attract the required depth in experience from board 
directors.  The  shareholdings  held  by  the  directors  have  been 
acquired  on  the  market  over  the  years  and  so  represent  arms-
length transactions and align their interests with shareholders. 
Their shareholdings are also relatively small and are not deemed 
large enough to distort any independence.

The following table highlights each Directors core competencies relevant to the successful development of the Company:

Project 
Development

Project 
Execution

Business 
Development

Governance

Capital 
Markets

Sustainability

Brazil

Financial

David Hall

Jeremy Martin

Owen Bavinton

Allan Walker

Sepanta Dorri

William Fisher

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Attendance at Board Meetings 

Board Meeting date

David Hall

Jeremy Martin

Allan Walker

Sepanta Dorri

Owen Bavinton

William Fisher

Present

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

8 February 2021

18 February 2021

26 February 2021

11 March 2021

22 April 2021

12 May 2021

17 May 2021 (AGM)

1 July 2021

11 August 2021

26 August 2021

27 September 2021

28 October 2021

4 November 2021

23 November 2021

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

40

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

The remuneration is determined in accordance with the Articles of 
Association. When determining executive director remuneration 
policy  and  practices,  the  Company’s  remuneration  committee 
addresses the following: 

~ Clarity – remuneration arrangements are transparent 
and promote effective engagement with shareholders 
and the workforce

~ Simplicity – remuneration structures avoid complexity and 
their rationale and operation are easy to understand 
~ Risk – remuneration arrangements ensure reputational 
and other risks from excessive rewards, and behavioural 
risks that can arise from target-based incentive plans, are 
identified and mitigated

~ Proportionality – the link between individual awards, 

the delivery of strategy and the long-term performance 
of the Group should be clear. Outcomes do not reward 
poor performance

~ Alignment to culture – incentive schemes drive behaviours 
consistent with company purpose, values and strategy. 

Support to Directors
The Board has the full support of the Company secretary.
The  Board  receives  regular  and  timely  information  of  the 
in  order 
Company’s  operational  and  financial  performance 
to  perform  this  function.  Relevant,  detailed  information  is 
circulated  to  all  Directors  ahead  of  Board  and  Committee 
meetings.  The  Company  Secretary  is  responsible  for  keeping 
the  Board  up  to  date  on  its  responsibilities  in  compliance  with 
relevant regulations.

The Board and Culture
The  Board  believes  that  the  promotion  of  a  corporate  culture 
based  on  sound  ethical  values  and  behaviours  is  essential  to 
maximising shareholder value.

Horizonte's  company  culture  is  consistent  with  its  objectives, 
strategy  and  business  model.  The  Board  regularly  meets  and 
monitors the business and its stakeholders to ensure the values 
and strategy are aligned with the company’s internal culture. The 
Directors  act  with  integrity,  lead  by  example,  and  promote  the 
desired culture.

We believe that transparency and ethical behaviour are central 
to any successful company and undertake all development with 
respect to the environment and neighbouring communities.

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

41

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
CONTINUED

Shareholder Engagement
The Board attaches great importance to providing shareholders 
with  clear  and  transparent  information  on  the  Company’s 
activities,  strategy  and  financial  position.  Communication  with 
all shareholders is predominately led by the CEO and CFO, but the 
Chairman and non-executive directors provide additional points 
of contact for shareholders, particularly at the Company’s AGM. 
We value the views and feedback of our shareholders and these 
are  often  discussed  as  a  collective  during  board  meetings,  no 
significant actions or feedback were reported during the year. 

Further  information  on  our  shareholder  engagement  can  be 
found in the stakeholder engagement section on pages 24-25. 

Material information in relation to the Company is made publicly 
available  via  the  London  Stock  Exchange’s  Regulatory  News 
Service  (RNS)  and  via  the  System  for  Electronic  Document 
Analysis and retrieval (SEDAR) in Canada. 

Details of our shareholder engagement during the year can be found in the following table.

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

~ Araguaia operational 

update

~ Publication of 

Sustainability Report

~ Interim results 
~ BRR and Proactive Investor 
video interviews with CEO 
and Head of ESG

~ CEO, CFO and Investor 
Relations undertook 
investor roadshow 
including current 
shareholders in conjunction 
with  US$197m equity 
financing
~ Q3 Results
~ Completion of US$633m 
Araguaia funding package 
~ BRR and Proactive Investor 
video interviews with CEO

~ CEO, CFO and Investor 
Relations undertook 
investor roadshow 
including current 
shareholders in 
conjunction with  US$25M 
financing

~ CEO and Investor 

Relations attendance at 
BMO Metals and Mining 
Conference (virtual)
~ CEO attendance at 

Brazil-Canada Chamber of 
Commerce at PDAC event 
(virtual)

~ Multiple operational 

updates

~ Quarterly financial results
~ BRR and Proactive 

Investor video interviews 
with CEO

~ FY20 Results 
~ Publication of Annual 

Report 

~ Annual General Meeting 
~ CEO hosted private 

shareholder focussed 
webinar with question and 
answer session 

~ Q121 results 
~ Araguaia financing update
~ CEO, CFO and Investor 
Relations attendance at 
121 Mining Investment 
APAC conference (virtual)

~ Vermelho operational 

update

~ BRR and Proactive Investor 
video interviews with CEO

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

AUDIT AND RISK COMMITTEE 
REPORT

The Audit and Risk Committee currently comprises Owen Bavinton (Chairman), David Hall, Allan Walker and William Fisher. The Audit 
and Risk Committee met five times during the year. 

The Auditors have unrestricted access to the Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee. 

Audit and Risk Committee meetings are usually attended by the Auditor and, by invitation, senior management. 

The main responsibilities of the Audit and Risk Committee include: 

~ Monitoring the integrity of the Group’s financial statements, including review of the financial statements of the Company including 

its annual and half-yearly reports and any formal announcements relating to its financial performance; 

~ Reviewing the effectiveness of the Group’s financial reporting, internal control policies and procedures for the identification, 

assessment and reporting of risk; 

~ Monitoring the effectiveness of the internal control environment; 
~ Making recommendations to the Board on the appointment of the Auditors; 
~ Making a recommendation to the Board on Auditors’ fees; 
~ Agreeing the scope of the Auditors’ annual audit programme and reviewing the output; 
~ Ensuring the independence of the Auditors is maintained; 
~ Assessing the effectiveness of the audit process; and 
~ Developing and implementing policy on the engagement of the Auditors to supply non-audit services. 

The Audit and Risk Committee has considered the Group’s internal control and risk management policies and systems, their 
effectiveness and the requirements for an internal audit function in the context of the Group’s overall risk management system. 

The Committee is satisfied that the Group does not currently require an internal audit function; however, it will continue to 
periodically review the situation. An essential part of the integrity of the financial statements lies around the key assumptions and 
estimates or judgments to be made. The Committee reviewed and was satisfied that the judgements exercised by management 
contained within the Report and Financial Statements are reasonable. 

Details of fees payable to the Auditors are set out in Note 7.

Owen Bavinton
Chairman of the Audit & Risk Committee 
25 March 2022

42

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

43

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE 
REPORT

The remuneration committee comprises David Hall, William Fisher and Allan Walker.

The main purpose of the Remuneration committee is to: 

~ Review the performance of the Executive Director and senior management 
~ Setting the framework and broad policy for the scale and structure of their remuneration, taking into account all factors which it 

shall deem necessary

~ Recommend the allocation of share options for the Board to approve: and 
~ Set any performance criteria in relation to the exercise of options granted under any share options schemes adopted by the Group 
~ Demonstrate to shareholders that the remuneration of the Executive Director and senior management of the Group is set by 
a committee whose members have no personal interest in the outcome of their decision and who will have due regard to the 
interests of the shareholders. 

Procedures For Developing Policy And Fixing Remuneration 
The  Remuneration  Committee  fixes  executive  remuneration  and  ensures  that  no  Director  is  involved  in  deciding  his  or  her  own 
remuneration. The Committee is authorised to obtain outside professional advice and expertise. The Remuneration Committee is 
authorised by the Board to investigate any matter within its terms of reference and it is authorised to seek any information that it 
requires from any employee. 

Details Of The Remuneration Policy 
The fees to be paid to the Directors and senior management are set by the Remuneration Committee. 

Directors’ Service Agreements 
Service  agreements  for  Directors  and  senior  management  are  terminable  by  either  party  on  notice  periods  varying  between 
3 and 12 months. 

Directors’ remuneration
The following remuneration comprises Directors’ fees and benefits in kind that were paid to Directors during the year:

Short term benefits

Post 
employment 
benefits

Base Salary/
Fees
£

LTIP awards/
Annual bonus¹
£

Pension
costs
£

—

—

38,000

33,500

40,000

36,000

100,000

100,000

100,000

100,000

—

—

—

—

31,295

Cost to 
Company

Non-Cash

Social
Security
costs
£

Share Based 
Payment
Charge
£

Grand Total
£

—

17,824

—

18,100

17,548

—

—

— 155,824

— 133,500

— 158,100

— 184,843

Total
£

—

138,000

133,500

140,000

167,295

291,461

843,390

— 1,134,851

155,565

— 1,290,416

204,750

822,300

— 1,027,050

643,711

2,065,690

31,295

2,740,696

140,032

349,069

— 1,167,082

— 3,089,765

Group 2021

Non-Executive Directors

Sepanta Dorri

David Hall

William Fisher

Allan Walker

Owen Bavinton

Executive Directors

Jeremy Martin

Key Management

Simon Retter

1 Denotes amounts payable for performance related bonuses , including bonuses payable under the LTIP, refer further below in this
report for the details.

44

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Short term benefits

Base Salary/
Fees
£

LTIP awards/
Annual bonus¹
£

Post 
employment 
benefits
Pension
costs
£

—
38,000
16,850
47,500
42,092

—
36,250
37,000
32,513
32,513

—
—
—
—
25,605

Total
£

—
74,250
53,850
80,013
100,210

Cost to 
Company
Social
Security costs
£

Non-Cash
Share Based 
Payment Charge
£

Grand Total
£

—
4,031
—
9,829
9,083

—
—
78,281
—
53,850
—
—
89,842
— 109,293

252,000

181,283

—

433,283

58,580

— 491,863

195,000
591,442

139,338
458,897

3,000
28,605

337,338
1,078,944

39,921
121,444

— 377,259
— 1,200,388

Group 2020
Non-Executive Directors
Sepanta Dorri
David Hall
William Fisher
Allan Walker
Owen Bavinton
Executive Directors
Jeremy Martin
Key Management
Simon Retter

1 Denotes amounts payable for performance related bonuses , including bonuses payable under the LTIP, refer further below in this
report for the details. 

The Company does not operate a pension scheme. Pension costs comprise contributions to Defined Contribution pension plans held 
by the relevant Director or Key Management.

Directors’ Interests In Shares

Director

David Hall

Jeremy Martin

Owen Bavinton

Allan Walker

William Fisher

Sepanta Dorri

Shares 
31 December 
2021

Shares 
31 December 
2020

1,039,955

1,039,955

2,028,908

2,028,908

2,000,000

2,000,000

705,479

705,479

1,975,000

1,975,000

—

—

None of the Directors exercised any share options during 
the year.

There has been no change in the interests set out above 
between 31 December 2021 and 25 March 2022.

Share Options
The  Group  operates  two  Share  Option  Schemes  pursuant  to 
which  Directors  and  senior  executives  may  be  granted  options 
to  acquire  Ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  at  a  fixed  option 
exercise price. 

Director

David Hall

Jeremy Martin

Owen Bavinton

Allan Walker

William Fisher

Sepanta Dorri

Options
31 December 
2021

Options
31 December 
2020

13,000,000

14,000,000

22,750,000

25,250,000

11,500,000

13,000,000

11,500,000

12,500,000

11,500,000

13,000,000

—

—

Long Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”)
In  2019  the  Company  put  in  place  a  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan 
('LTIP') for the purpose of incentivising, motivating and rewarding 
certain  employees  in  respect  of  their  contributions  to  the 
Company's  mid  and  long-term  commercial  objectives  designed 
to  create  value  for  shareholders.  The  performance  conditions 
are  based  upon  major  project  milestones  delivered  across  the 
Company’s two projects; Araguaia and Vermelho. 

  members 

The  agreements  for 
include  four  performance 
conditions. The amount of any bonus payment shall be determined 
by  the  performance  conditions  set  out  in  the  applicable  bonus 
agreement for each individual participant.

The performance conditions  are: 
1. 

Completion of a comprehensive bankable feasibility study 
for each Project ('Feasibility Study'); 

2.  Securing full project finance to construct either Project 

('Securing Project Finance'); 

3.  The first commercial production of each Project ('First 

Commercial Production'); and 

4.  The sale of any interest in either Project or a specified 

percentage of the share capital of the Company ('Sale'). 

Both the CEO and the CFO are eligible for certain bonuses upon 
reaching  certain  operational  milestones  which  are  deemed 
to  be  aligned  with  shareholder  value  enhancing  points  in  the 
development  pathway  of  both  the  Araguaia  and  Vermelho 
projects.  They  are  eligible  for  a  fee  of  0.475%  of  gross  funds 
raised  with  certain  Non-Executive  Directors  receiving  Bonuses 
of £200,000 upon securing Project Financing. 

During the year the company secured a project finance package 
to fully fund the Araguaia project through construction therefore 
triggering one of the key performance conditions of the LTIP. The 
bonuses paid during the year to the CEO & CFO represent those 
due  upon  the  settlement  of  the  equity  portion  of  the  project 
finance  as  this  closed  during  the  financial  year.  All  awards  due 
for the debt portion of the project finance package including 50% 
of any awards due to certain Non-Executive Directors have been 
deferred until first draw down of the senior debt facility in order 
to align with value creation for shareholders.

Further details of the Share Option Schemes can be found in 
note 16. 

By Order of the Board

David Hall
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
25 March 2022

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45

DIRECTORS’ REPORT

The  Directors  present  their  Annual  Report  on  the  affairs  of 
Horizonte  Minerals  Plc,  together  with  the  audited  Financial 
Statements for the year ended 31 December 2021. 

Principal activities 
The  principal  activity  of  the  Group  and  Company 
is  the 
identification,  acquisition,  exploration  and  development  of 
mineral  projects.  The  main  area  of  activity  comprises  the 
development  of  the  Araguaia  and  Vermelho  nickel  projects, 
located in Pará  State in north-eastern Brazil. 

Financial results and dividends
The Group results for the year are set out on page 56. The Group is 
currently involved in exploration and evaluation activities and not 
actively mining. As a result, the Group is not revenue generative. 

During  the  year  the  group  concluded  a  comprehensive  funding 
package of US$633 million. The net proceeds of the fundraising 
will  be  used  towards  the  construction  of  the  Araguaia  project 
as well as for general working capital purposes. In addition the 
company  has  also  concluded  a  US$25million  royalty  on  the 
Vermelho Project, the net proceeds from the sale of this royalty 
will be used to advance a feasibility study and permitting work 
streams on the Vermelho project.

The  Directors  do  not  recommend  payment  of  a  dividend 
(2020: £Nil).

Sustainability
Details  of  the  Company’s  approach  and  activities  in  relation 
to  sustainability  can  be  found  on  pages  22-23  of  the  Strategic 
Report  included  within  this  Annual  Report  and  in  a  standalone 
Sustainability  Report  available  on  the  Company’s  website 
www.horizonteminerals.com. 

The  Company  currently  does  not  consume  a  material  amount 
of energy in the UK and therefore does not publish information 
required under SECR. This will be reviewed and it is the intention 
of  the  Company  to  comply  with  the  reporting  disclosures  next 
year in line with best practice.  

Share Capital
Changes in the share capital of the Company are set out in note 
14 of the Financial Statements.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Future developments 
In  2022  the  Group  will  be  working  towards  constructing  and 
bring  the  Araguaia  project  into  commercial  production.  Having 
published a Pre-Feasibility Study on the Vermelho project during 
2019, the Group is focused on further advancing the VNCP project 
towards a Feasibility Study and eventual construction decision.  

Directors and Officers Insurance 
The Group provided Directors and Officers insurance for both the 
current and prior periods. 

Annual General Meeting 
The Notice of the Annual General Meeting of the Company and the 
Management  Information  Circular  together  with  Management 
Discussion  and  Analysis  as  at  31  December  2021  will  be 
distributed to shareholders together with the Annual Report. Full 
details of the business to be considered at that meeting can be 
found in the Notice. 

Independent auditor 
The  auditor,  BDO  LLP,  will  be  proposed  for  reappointment  in 
accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

BDO  LLP  has  signified  its  willingness  to  continue  in  office 
as auditor.

By Order of the Board

Simon Retter
Company secretary and CFO
25 March 2022

Directors’ statement as to disclosure 
of information to auditor
The  Directors  who  held  office  at  the  date  of  approval  of  this 
Directors’  Report  confirm  that,  so  far  as  they  are  individually 
aware,  there  is  no  relevant  audit  information  of  which  the 
Company’s auditor is unaware and the Directors have taken all 
the  steps  that  they  ought  to  have  taken  to  make  themselves 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the 
auditor is aware of the information.

Matters covered in the Business Review 
The business review and review of KPIs are included in the 
Operations Review and Strategic Report. 

Financial risk management 
The Company is exposed through its operations to the following 
financial risks: 

~ Commodity price risk
~ Foreign currency risk
~ Credit risk 
~ Interest rate risk 
~ Liquidity risk 

The group undertakes certain policies and procedures to 
mitigate these risk as much as is practicable, including hedging 
foreign exchange movements, only using credit worthy financial 
institutions and using short term deposits to manage interest 
rate and liquidity risks. As the Group moves towards being a 
producing entity it will continually review these risk mitigation 
policies to cover off any potential exposure to commodity prices 
and increase exposure to foreign exchange risks. 

In common with all other businesses, the Group is exposed to 
financial risks that arise from its operations, these along with 
managements’ policies surrounding financial risk management 
are explained in note 3 to the financial statements.

Events after the reporting date 
The events after the reporting date are set out in note 35 to the 
Financial Statements. 

46

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47

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ 
RESPONSIBILITIES

The  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual  report 
and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable 
law and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements 
for each financial year.  Under that law the directors are required 
to  prepare  the  group  and  company  financial  statements  in 
accordance  with  UK  adopted  international  accounting  standards.  
Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view of the state of affairs of the group and company and of the 
profit or loss of the group and company  for that period.  

In preparing these financial statements, the directors are 
required to:
~ select suitable accounting policies and then apply them 

consistently;

~ make judgements and accounting estimates that are 

reasonable and prudent;

~ state whether they have been prepared in accordance with 
UK adopted international accounting standards subject 
to any material departures disclosed and explained in the 
financial statements;

~ prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis 
unless it is inappropriate to presume that the group and the 
company will continue in business.

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting 
records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and  explain  the  company's 
transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time 
the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure 
that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for safeguarding 
the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps 
for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Website publication
The  directors  are  responsible  for  ensuring  the  annual  report 
and  the  financial  statements  are  made  available  on  a  website.  
Financial statements are published on the company's website in 
accordance with legislation in the United Kingdom governing the 
preparation  and  dissemination  of  financial  statements,  which 
may vary from legislation in other jurisdictions.  The maintenance 
and integrity of the company's website is the responsibility of the 
directors.  The directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing 
integrity of the financial statements contained therein.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S 
REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF 
HORIZONTE MINERALS PLC

OPINION ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In our opinion:

~ the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 31 

December 2021 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended;

~ the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards;
~ the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting 

standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and

~ the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

We have audited the financial statements of Horizonte Minerals PLC (the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the 
year ended 31 December 2021 which comprise of the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated Statement 
of Financial Position, the Company Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Company 
Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Company Statement of Cash Flows and the notes 
to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in their preparation is applicable law and UK adopted international accounting standards and, as regards the Parent Company 
financial statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.

BASIS FOR OPINION
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section 
of our report. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Independence

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our 
other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

MATERIAL UNCERTAINTY RELATED TO GOING CONCERN
We draw attention to note 2.2 to the financial statements concerning the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern. As stated in note 2.2 the Group has forecasted that it will need to draw down on its agreed Senior Debt Facility in 
H2.2022. Draw down of the senior debt facility requires conditions precedent to be complied with, some of which are beyond the 
Directors’ control. As stated in note 2.2 these events or conditions, along with the other matters set out in note 2.2 indicate that a 
material uncertainty exists that may cast significant doubt on the Group and Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. 
Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. 

Because of the judgements made by the Directors, and the significance of this area, we have determined going concern to be a key 
audit matter. As described in note 2.2, the Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts which demonstrate that the Senior Debt 
Facility will be drawn down in H2 2022, and the ability of the Group to make this draw down requires conditions precedent to be 
complied with, some of which are beyond the Directors’ control.

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Our evaluation of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent Company’s ability to continue to adopt the going concern 
basis of accounting and in response to the key audit matter included:

~ We obtained the Directors' Group cash flow forecast to 31 December 2023. We assessed the reasonableness of underlying 

assumptions, including forecast levels of expenditure used in preparing these forecasts. To assess the reasonableness and timings 
of the cash inflows and outflows, we used our knowledge of the business and  compared the Directors’ forecasts to budgets used 
as part of the fund raise package of $633m entered into in December 2021.  

~ We verified cash balances used in the forecast close to the date of sign off of these financial statements, which included 

$197million of proceeds from the equity funds raised in 2021. 

~ We reviewed the conditions that are required to be complied with to draw down the Senior Debt Facility, discussed these with the 

Directors and considered if compliance with these conditions was in the Directors’ control.

~ We considered the impact on the Group and Parent Company’s cash flow forecast should the Senior Debt Facility not be available. 
~ We assessed the appropriateness of the going concern disclosures included in the financial statements against the requirements 

of the relevant accounting standards.

AN OVERVIEW OF THE SCOPE OF OUR AUDIT
Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the Group and its environment, including the Group’s system of internal 
control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements.  We also addressed the risk of management 
override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk 
of material misstatement.

Our Group audit scope focused on the Group’s significant components, being Araguaia Niquel Mineracao Ltda and Horizonte Nickel 
(IOM) Ltd, which were subject to a full scope audit together with the Parent Company. In addition, Trias Brasil Mineracao Ltda, Champol 
(IOM) Ltd and Nickel Production Services BV, which were treated as insignificant components, were subject to specific audit procedures 
on the significant risk areas and analytical procedures. The Group audit team performed the audit of the Parent Company and the other 
significant components, other than those components located in Brazil which were audited by a BDO network member firm in Brazil.

The remaining components of the Group were considered insignificant and these components were principally subject to analytical 
review procedures which were performed by the Group audit team.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections 
of this report.

Our involvement with component auditors

OVERVIEW

Coverage

Key audit matters

90% (2020: 80%) of Group net loss
90% (2020: 94%) of Group total assets 

Carrying value of exploration 
and evaluation assets and mine 
development property

Valuation of royalty funding 
arrangement

Going concern

2021

2020











Materiality

Group financial statements as a whole

£3,403,000 (2020:£750,000) based on 1.5% of total assets 
(2020: 1.5% of total assets) 

For the work performed by component auditors, we determined the level of involvement needed in order to be able to conclude 
whether sufficient appropriate audit evidence has been obtained as a basis for our opinion on the Group financial statements as a 
whole. Our involvement with component auditors included the following:

~ Detailed Group reporting instructions were sent to the component auditors, which included the significant areas to be covered by 
the audits (including areas that were considered to be key audit matters), and set out the information to be reported to the Group 
audit team.

~ The Group audit team was actively involved in the direction of the audits performed by the component auditor for Group reporting 

purposes, along with the consideration of findings and determination of conclusions drawn.

~ The Group audit team reviewed the component auditor’s work papers in Brazil and engaged with the component auditors during 

their fieldwork and completion phases.

~ For the two principal operating components in Brazil, the Group audit team also performed audit procedures in respect of the 

significant risk areas.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the 
audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. In addition to 
the matter described in the material uncertainty related to going concern of our report, we have determined the matters below to be 
the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.

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Key audit matter 

How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit matter

OUR APPLICATION OF MATERIALITY

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Carrying value 
of exploration
and evaluation
assets
and mine
development
property

See notes 4.1, 
10 and 11 to 
the financial 
statements.

The Group holds the Araguaia mine 
development property carried 
at a value of £44,088,134 and 
the Vermelho exploration and 
evaluation asset carried at a value 
of £5,949,649.

Each year management are 
required to assess whether 
there are any indicators that the 
mine development property and 
exploration and evaluation asset 
could be impaired. 

Valuation
of royalty
funding
arrangement

See notes 20
and 4.4

Management have carried out a 
review for indicators of impairment 
and have not identified any indicators.
Reviewing indicators of impairment 
and assessment of carrying values 
require significant estimates and 
judgements and therefore we 
identified this as a key audit matter.

In 2019 Horizonte entered into a 
US$25m royalty funding agreement 
with Orion Mine Finance in exchange 
for future royalty payments linked 
to the future revenues of the 
Araguaia project. 

The royalty agreement includes a 
buyback option enabling Horizonte 
to reduce the royalty rate and other 
cash payment options (the call, 
make whole and put options)  for 
part reduction in the royalty rate, 
which require the occurrence of 
certain events.

The agreement is a hybrid contract 
that contains a non-derivative host 
loan and prepayment options in the 
form of embedded derivatives which 
should be separated for accounting 
purposes. The embedded derivatives 
are initially recognised at fair value 
and subsequently revalued at each 
period end. 

Management has engaged an 
independent expert to calculate the 
fair value of the buyback option. The 
fair value calculation utilised Monte 
Carlo simulation methodology.

The valuation of these financial 
instruments required management 
to make a number of key estimates. 

Accordingly, the valuation of the 
royalty funding agreement is 
considered to be a key audit matter.

We have reviewed management’s impairment assessments for both projects 
and our procedures included the following :

~ We considered whether management’s assessments of impairment had 
been carried out in accordance with the requirements of the accounting 
standards.

~ We reviewed the feasibility studies prepared by independent consultants 
for consistency with management’s representations and assessed the 
competence and independence of the experts used by management.
•  For the Araguaia project, this assessment is supported by the 

externally prepared feasibility study published in November 2018 and 
revised in April 2021.

•  For the Vermelho project, this assessment is supported by the 

externally prepared pre-feasibility study published in October 2019. 

~ We agreed the validity of licences held by the Group to the Brazilian 
Government’s Departamento Nacional de Producao Mineral website. 
We also reviewed the correspondence, contracts and other documents 
regarding the licenses to confirm that the Group has the relevant rights 
for its activities in the stated areas for Araguaia and Vermelho.

Key observations:
Based  on  our  work  we  concur  with  management’s  impairment  indicator 
assessment,  and  as  a  result  consider  the  carrying  value  of  the  Group’s 
exploration  and  evaluation  asset  and  mine  development  property 
is not impaired.

Our  procedures  in  relation  to  the  valuation  of  the  royalty  funding  loan  and 
embedded derivatives are set our below.

In respect of the host loan:
~ We tested the valuation model prepared by management, checking that 
the model’s methodology was in agreement with the royalty agreement 
and in accordance with accounting standards and that the assumptions 
were in agreement with management’s justifications and explanations. 
We also checked the arithmetical accuracy of the amortised loan model.
~ We critically assessed management’s key assumptions, including long 
term nickel price, nickel price inflation and the adopted royalty rate, 
which is determined by the date of commencement of construction. We 
made our assessment by reference to independent sources of data and 
supporting documentation held by the Group.

In respect of the fair value of the buyback option:
~ We reviewed the option valuation methodology adopted to check that 
the features of the option had been appropriately modelled and we 
also confirmed with management that the modelling is in line with 
their understanding of the option features. This was reviewed by BDO 
valuation experts to ensure it was appropriately modelled.

~ We checked that the key assumptions used were reasonable and in 
agreement with those used for the valuation of the host loan. 

~ The nickel price volatility is an additional key assumption for the option 
valuation. We recalculated the nickel price volatility using independently 
sourced data and it was in close proximity to that used by management.
~ We assessed the competence and independence of the valuation expert 

used by management.

Key observations:
Based on our work, we concur with managements valuation methodology and 
the key estimates used in valuing the host loan and buy back option.

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements.  We 
consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions of 
reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements. 

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a lower materiality 
level, performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements below these levels will 
not necessarily be evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular 
circumstances of their occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole. 

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and performance 
materiality as follows:

Group financial statements

Parent company financial statements

2021
£

2020
£

2021
£

2020
£

Materiality

3,403,000

750,000

3,063,000

675,000

Basis for 
determining 
materiality

Rationale 
for the 
benchmark 
applied

Performance 
materiality

Basis for 
determining 
performance 
materiality

1.5% of total assets

1.5% of total assets

Restricted to 90% of 
Group materiality

Restricted to 90% of 
Group materiality

We consider total assets to be the most significant determinant 
of the Group’s financial performance for users of the financial 
statements, given the Group’s mine development focus. There 
was a significant increase in total assets following the 2021 
equity fund raise.

Calculated as a percentage of Group materiality 
for Group reporting purposes as the statutory 
materiality exceeded Group materiality.

2,552,000

562,500

2,297,000

506,250

75% of materiality based on consideration of factors including the level of historical errors and nature of activities.

Component materiality

We set materiality for each component of the Group based on a percentage of between 4% and 14% (2020: 5% to 44%) of Group 
materiality dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that component.  Component 
materiality ranged from £145,000 to £460,000 (2020: £35,000 to £330,000). In the audit of each component, we further applied 
performance materiality levels of 75% of the component materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding 
component materiality was appropriately mitigated.

Reporting threshold 

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of £68,000 
(2020:£13,500).  We also agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on 
qualitative grounds.

OTHER INFORMATION

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the 2021 
Report and Accounts other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements 
does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form 
of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other 
information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise 
appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required 
to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have 
performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

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OTHER COMPANIES ACT 2006 REPORTING

AUDITOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE AUDIT OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required by the 
Companies Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below.  

Strategic 
report and 
Directors’ 
report

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
~ the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial 

statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

~ the Strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 

requirements.

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company and its environment obtained in 
the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the Directors’ report.

Matters on 
which we 
are required 
to report by 
exception

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires 
us to report to you if, in our opinion:

~ adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have 

not been received from branches not visited by us; or

~ the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
~ certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
~ we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DIRECTORS

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ responsibilities, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is 
necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting 
unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative 
but to do so.

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a 
high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material 
misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial 
statements.

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our 
procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

~ We obtained an understanding of the Group’s activities and considered the laws and regulations of the UK and Brazil to be of 

significance in the context of the Group audit. In doing so, we made inquiries of management and the Audit Committee, considered 
the Group’s control environment as it pertains to compliance with laws and regulations and considered the activities of the Group. 
We determined the most significant laws and regulations to be Companies Act 2006, elements of the reporting framework, tax 
legislation and the Brazilian environmental regulations.

~ We communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members 
and component auditors, and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations 
throughout the audit.

~ We made inquiries of management and the Board and reviewed Board and Committee minutes to identify any instances of 

irregularities or non-compliance.

~ We agreed the financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation and performed detailed testing on 

accounts balances which were considered to be at a greater risk of susceptibility to fraud.

~ In addressing risk of management override of control, we performed testing of general ledger journal entries to the financial 

statements, including verification of journals which we consider exhibit higher fraud risk characteristics based on our 
understanding of the Group. This included testing journals direct to cash and expenses, which are outside of the normal purchase 
to pay cycle.

~ As part of our testing of management override of controls we performed procedures on accounts subject to greater management 
estimate including the valuation of the royalty funding arrangement and carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets and 
mine development property, refer to key audit matters above.

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that the risk 
of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the 
audit procedures performed and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions 
reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/
auditorsresponsibilities.  This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

USE OF OUR REPORT

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 
2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this 
report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Peter Acloque (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor
London
United Kingdom
25 March 2022

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127).

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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the year ended 31 December 2021

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF FINANCIAL POSITION

Company number: 05676866

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Administrative expenses

Change in fair value of derivative

Change in fair value of special warrant liability

(Loss)/Gain on foreign exchange

Operating loss

Net finance (cost)/income

Loss before taxation

Income tax

Year ended
31 December
2021
£

Year ended
31 December
2020
£

Notes

6

20

22

8

9

(5,678,350)

(2,949,736)

1,853,282

(424,500)

(1,174,796)

—

(627,145)

751,313

(5,627,009)

(2,622,923)

(4,043,794)

236,986

(9,670,803)

(2,385,937)

—

108,526

Loss for the year from continuing operations attributable to owners of the parent

(9,670,803)

(2,277,411)

Other comprehensive income

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss

Currency translation differences on translating foreign operations

17

(2,418,094)

(8,151,944)

Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to owners of the parent

Loss per share from continuing operations attributable to owners of the parent

(2,418,094)

(8,151,944)

(12,088,897)

(10,429,355)

Basic and diluted loss per share (p)

25

(0.568)

(0.157)

The above Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.

As at 31 December 2021

Assets

Non-current assets
Intangible assets
Property, plant & equipment
Right of use assets

Current assets
Trade and other receivables
Derivative financial asset
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets
Equity and liabilities
Equity attributable to owners of the parent
Share capital
Share premium
Other reserves
Retained losses
Total equity
Liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Contingent consideration

Royalty Finance

Lease liabilities

Deferred consideration

Trade payables

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Deferred consideration
Lease liabilities

Total liabilities
Total equity and liabilities

Notes

31 December
2021
£

31 December
2020
£

10
11
21

12
20
13

14
15
17

19

20

21

19

18

18

19
21

6,165,677
52,381,161
282,320
58,829,158

10,237,167
3,672,924
156,186,302
170,096,393
228,925,551

6,220,872
30,839,948
—
37,060,820

270,539
1,756,553
10,935,563
12,962,655
50,023,475

38,023,656
177,928,649
(15,236,968)
(30,608,510)
170,106,827

14,493,773
41,848,306
(12,818,874)
(22,112,503)
21,410,702

4,996,761

5,927,025

33,016,624

22,053,341

238,716

3,358,630

451,863

—

—

—

42,062,594

27,980,366

16,008,280
704,246
43,604
16,756,130
58,818,724
228,925,551

632,407
—
—
632,407
28,612,773
50,023,475

The above Consolidated Statement of Financial Position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.

The Financial Statements were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 25 March 2022 and were signed on its behalf.

David J Hall  
Chairman 

Jeremy J Martin
Chief Executive Officer

56

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT 
OF FINANCIAL POSITION

Company number: 05676866

As at 31 December 2021

Non-Current Assets

Investment in subsidiaries

Loans to subsidiaries

Current assets

Trade and other receivables

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Equity and liabilities

Equity attributable to equity 
shareholders

Share capital

Share premium

Other reserves

Retained losses

Total equity

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Contingent consideration

Current liabilities

Trade and other payables

Loans from subsidiary

Total liabilities

Total equity and liabilities

Notes

29

30

12

13

14

15

17

   19

18

30

31 December
2021
£

2,348,142

69,811,930

72,160,072

9,763,600

147,359,029

157,122,629

229,282,701

38,023,656

177,928,649

10,888,760

(17,465,060)

209,376,005

4,996,761

4,996,761

12,081,730

2,828,205

14,909,935

19,906,696

229,282,701

31 December
2020
£

2,348,142

64,692,156

67,040,298

96,196

5,308,954

5,405,150

72,445,448

14,493,773

41,848,306

10,888,760

(13,186,690)

54,044,149

5,927,025

5,927,025

280,179

12,194,095

12,474,274

18,401,299

72,445,448

The above Company Statement of Financial Position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes. The loss for the 
period was £5,453,166 (2020: £3,377,407 profit).  

The Financial Statements were authorised for issue by the Board of  Directors on 25 March 2022 and were signed on its behalf.

David J Hall  
Chairman  

Jeremy J Martin
Chief Executive Officer

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF 
CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the year ended 31 December 2021

As at 1 January 2020

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive income:

Currency translation differences on translating 
foreign operations

Total comprehensive income for the year

Issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

Share-based payments

Total transactions with owners, recognised 
directly in equity

As at 31 December 2020

Loss for the year

Other comprehensive income:

Currency translation differences on translating 
foreign operations

Total comprehensive income for the year

Attributable to owners of the parent

Share
capital

£

Share
premium

£

Retained
losses

£

Other
reserves

£

Total

£

14,463,773

41,785,306

(19,835,092)

(4,666,930)

31,747,057

—

—

—

— (2,277,411)

—

(2,277,411)

—

— (8,151,944)

(8,151,944)

— (2,277,411)

(8,151,944)

(10,429,355)

30,000

63,000

—

—

—

—

30,000

63,000

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

93,000

—

—

93,000

14,493,773

41,848,306

(22,112,503)

(12,818,874)

21,410,702

—

—

—

— (9,670,803)

—

(9,670,803)

—

— (2,418,094)

(2,418,094)

— (9,670,803)

(2,418,094)

(12,088,897)

Issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

22,649,282

136,784,844

— (5,904,761)

—

—

Conversion of special warrants into shares

880,601

5,795,235

1,174,796

Special warrants issue costs

—

(594,975)

—

— 159,434,126

—

—

—

(5,904,761)

7,850,632

(594,975)

Total transactions with owners, recognised 
directly in equity

23,529,883

136,080,343

1,174,796

— 160,785,022

As at 31 December 2021

38,023,656

177,928,649

(30,608,510)

(15,236,968)

170,106,827

A breakdown of other reserves is provided in note 17. 

58

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF 
CHANGES IN EQUITY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT 
OF CASH FLOWS

For the year ended 31 December 2021

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Attributable to equity shareholders

Share
capital

£

Share
premium

£

Retained
losses

£

Merger
reserves

£

Total

£

As at 1 January 2020

14,463,773

41,785,306

(16,564,099)

10,888,760

50,573,740

Profit and total comprehensive income for the year

Issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

Share-based payments

—

30,000

—

—

—

3,377,409

63,000

—

—

—

—

—

Total transactions with owners, recognised directly 
in equity

30,000

63,000

3,377,409

—

—

—

—

—

3,377,409

93,000

—

—

3,470,409

As at 31 December 2020

14,493,773

41,848,306

(13,186,690)

10,888,760

54,044,149

Profit and total comprehensive income for the year

—

— (5,453,166)

Issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

22,649,282

136,784,844

— (5,904,761)

—

—

Conversion of special warrants into shares

880,601

5,795,235

1,174,796

Special warrants issue costs

—

(594,975)

—

— (5,453,166)

— 159,434,126

— (5,904,761)

—

—

7,850,632

(594,975)

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss before taxation

Finance income

Finance costs

Exchange differences

Change in fair value of derivative asset

Fair value of special warrant liability

Operating loss before changes in working capital

Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables

Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables

Cash used in operating activities

Income taxes paid

Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of exploration and evaluation assets

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

Total transactions with owners, recognised directly 
in equity

23,529,883

136,080,343

1,174,796

— 160,785,022

Interest received

As at 31 December 2021

38,023,656

177,928,649

(17,465,060)

10,888,760

209,376,005

The above Statements of Changes in Equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

Proceeds from issue of share warrants

Share warrants issue costs

Net cash generated from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Exchange gain/(loss) on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

31 December
2021
£

31 December
2020
£

Notes

(9,670,803)

(2,385,936)

—

(236,986)

4,043,794

—

627,145

(751,313)

(1,853,282)

424,500

1,174,796

—

(5,678,350)

(2,949,735)

(9,966,626)

(135,814)

11,929,592

(51,526)

(3,715,384)

(3,137,075)

—

(51,071)

(3,715,384)

(3,188,146)

(300,676)

—

(10,589,678)

(4,153,198)

363,923

151,459

(10,526,431)

(4,001,739)

159,434,126

(5,904,761)

7,850,632

(594,975)

93,000

—

—

—

160,785,022

93,000

146,543,207

(7,096,885)

10,935,563

17,760,330

(1,292,468)

272,118

13

156,186,302

10,935,563

The above Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.

60

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

61

COMPANY STATEMENT 
OF CASH FLOWS

For year ended 31 December 2021

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit before taxation

IFRS9 Expected credit loss (credit)/charge

Finance income

Finance costs

Exchange differences

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

Fair value of special warrant liability

Operating profit before changes in working capital

(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables

Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables

Cash flows generated / (used) from operating activities

Taxes paid

Net cash flows generated / (used) from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities

Loans to subsidiary undertakings

Interest received

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

Proceeds from issue of share warrants

Share warrants issue costs

Net cash generated from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Exchange gain/(loss) on cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

31 December
2021
£

31 December
2020
£

Notes

(5,453,166)

3,428,478

27,976

(3,814,254)

(935,038)

—

(72,155)

445,065

453,520

(1,491,383)

—

(764,109)

1,174,796

—

(4,731,912)

(2,268,358)

(9,667,401)

11,801,551

39,180

(41,409)

(2,597,762)

(2,270,587)

—

(51,071)

(2,597,762)

(2,321,658)

(14,485,665)

(10,363,054)

4,773

72,155

(14,480,892)

(10,290,899)

159,434,126

(5,904,761)

7,850,632

(594,975)

93,000

—

—

—

160,785,022

93,000

143,706,368

(12,519,557)

5,308,954

17,393,773

(1,656,293)

434,738

13

147,359,029

5,308,954

The above Company Statement of Cash Flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS

1 GENERAL INFORMATION
The principal activity of Horizonte Minerals Plc (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries (together ‘the Group’) is the exploration and 
development of base metals. The Company’s shares are listed on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange and on the 
Toronto Stock Exchange. The Company is incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales. The address of its registered office is 
Rex House, 4-12 Regent Street, London, SW1Y 4RG.

2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these Financial Statements are set out below. These policies have 
been consistently applied to all the years presented.

2.1 BASIS OF PREPARATION
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards 
and International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”). Financial 
Statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except for the following items (refer to individual accounting 
policies for details):

~ Contingent and deferred consideration
~ Financial instruments – fair value through profit and loss
~ Cash settled share based payment liabilities

On 31 December 2020, IFRS as adopted by the European Union at that date was brought into UK law and became UK-adopted 
international accounting standards, with future changes being subject to endorsement by the UK Endorsement Board. The Group 
transitioned to UK-adopted international accounting standards in its consolidated financial statements on 1 January 2021. There 
was no impact or changes in accounting policies from the transition and the Group will also continue to comply with IFRS and their 
interpretations issued by the IASB. 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also 
requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Group’s Accounting Policies. The areas involving a 
higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the Financial Statements, 
are disclosed in Note 4. As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the statement of comprehensive
income of the Parent Company is not presented as part of these Financial Statements.

2.2 GOING CONCERN
The Group’s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set 
out in the Chairman’s Statement on pages 4 and 5; in addition note 3 to the Financial Statements includes the Group’s objectives, 
policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its financial instruments and its 
exposure to credit and liquidity risk.

The Financial Statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. Although the Group’s assets are not generating revenues 
and an operating loss has been reported, the Directors consider that the Group has sufficient funds to undertake its operating 
activities for a period of at least the next 12 months including any additional expenditure required in relation to its current 
exploration and development projects. 

The Group concluded a comprehensive funding package of US$633 million in December 2021. The net proceeds of the fundraising 
will be used towards the construction of the Araguaia project as well as for general working capital purposes. In addition the 
company has also concluded a US$25 million royalty agreement on the Vermelho Project, the net proceeds from the sale of this 
royalty will be used to advance a feasibility study and permitting work streams on the Vermelho project. The equity fundraise 
(US$197 million of the US$633 million) was finalized and funds received in December 2021. The debt elements of the funding 
package include Convertible Loan Notes (US$65 million), a Cost Overrun Facility (US$25 million) and a Senior Debt Facility 
(US$346.2 million). 

Based on current commitments entered into by the Group,  and following the satisfaction of all material conditions precedent, the 
funds from the convertible loan notes and the royalty are expected to be drawn down in March 2022. The first drawdown under 
the Senior Debt Facility is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2022 following satisfaction of certain conditions precedent 
customary to a financing of this nature. As the senior debt is conditional, there is no guarantee that the conditions of this element of 
the debt package will be satisfied.

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

63

The funds held at the year-end along with those to be raised post year end means the Group has cash reserves which are 
considered sufficient by the Directors to execute the construction of the Araguaia Project and fund its general working capital 
requirements for the foreseeable future. The drawdown of the Senior Debt Facility is conditional upon the expenditure of a certain 
level of equity amongst other conditions precedent, by which time the company is expected to have made significant financial 
commitments. There exists a risk that the Senior Debt Facility is not able to be drawn due to unforeseen circumstances or 
noncompliance with any conditions precedent which may or may not be within the control of the Group. Should the Senior Debt not 
be drawn then the Group would require alternative sources of funding to meet its commitments. 

If additional projects are identified and the Vermelho project advances, additional funding may be required. 

These factors indicate the existence of a material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt over the Group and the Company’s 
ability to continue as a going concern and therefore they may be unable to realise its assets and discharge their liabilities in the 
normal course of business. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result if the Group or the Company 
were unable to continue as a going concern.

2.2 (B) ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF COVID-19
During the period of these financial statements there has been an ongoing significant global pandemic which has had significant 
knock on effects for the majority of the world’s population, by way of the measures governments are taking to tackle the issue. 
This represents a risk to the Group’s operations by restricting travel, the potential to detriment the health and wellbeing of its 
employees, as well as the effects that this might have on the ability of the Group to finance and advance its operations in the 
timeframes envisaged. The Group has taken steps to try and ensure the safety of its employees and operate under the current 
circumstances and feels the outlook for its operations remains positive, however risk remain should the pandemic worsen or 
changes its impact on the Group. The assessment of the possible impact on the going concern position of the Group is set out in 
the going concern note below. In addition, because of the long term nature of the Group’s nickel projects and their strong project 
economics management do not consider that COVID has given rise to any impairment indicators. The Group has not received any 
government assistance.

The uncertainty as to the future impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has been considered as part of the Group’s adoption of the going 
concern basis.  In response to the easing of  Covid-19 restrictions, employees are working from the Group’s offices in London and 
Brazil and will continue to adhere to government guidelines. International travel has resumed and site work for the two projects has 
been resumed. 

To date, the Group has not been materially adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the ongoing nature and 
uncertainty of the pandemic in many countries including the measures and restrictions put in place (travel bans and quarantining in 
particular) continue to have the ability to impact the Group’s business continuity, workforce, supply-chain, business development 
and, consequently, future revenues.

In addition, any infections occurring on the Group’s premises could result in the Group’s operations being suspended, which may 
have an adverse impact on the Group’s operations as well as adverse implications on the Group’s future cash flows, profitability and 
financial condition. Supply chain disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and measures implemented by governmental 
authorities around the world to limit the transmission of the virus (such as travel bans and quarantining) may, in addition to the 
general level of economic uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, also adversely impact the Group’s operations, financial 
position and prospects.

As a result of considerations noted above, the Directors consider the impact of COVID-19 could delay the drawdown of the senior 
debt facility.

2.3 CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICY AND DISCLOSURES

a) New and amended standards adopted by the Group 
New standards impacting the Group that are adopted in the annual financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021, are:

Standard 

Detail 

IFRS 7, IFRS 9, IFRS16, IAS 39 

Amendments regarding interest rate benchmark reform – 
phase 2

Effective date 

1 January 2021

The adopted amendments have not resulted in any changes to the Group Consolidated Financial Statements.

b) New and amended standards, and interpretations issued but not yet effective for the financial year beginning 1 
January 2021 and not early adopted

At the date of authorisation of these Consolidated Financial Statements, the following new standards, amendments and 
interpretations to existing standards have been published but are not yet effective and have not been adopted early by the Group.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Standard 

IAS 16 

IAS 37 

IFRS 3

Detail 

Amendments prohibiting a company from deducting from the cost of 
property, plant and equipment amounts received from selling items 
produced while the company is preparing the asset for its intended use 

Amendments regarding the costs to include when assessing whether a 
contract is onerous 

Amendment - replacing a reference to an old version of the Board’s 
Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting with a reference to the 
latest version, which was issued in March 2018.

Annual Improvements to IFRSs 
(2018-2020 Cycle) - IFRS 9

IFRS 9 - Clarifies the fees a company includes in assessing the terms of a 
new or modified financial liability to determine whether to derecognise a 
financial liability.

IAS 1 

IAS 8

Amendment – regarding the classification of liabilities 

Amendment – definition of accounting estimates

IAS 1 and IFRS Pratice Statement 2 Amendment – disclosure of accounting policies

IAS 12

Amendment - Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a 
Single Transaction

Effective date 

1 January 2022 

1 January 2022 

1 January 2022

1 January 2022

1 January 2023 

1 January 2023

1 January 2023

1 January 2023

Management anticipates that all the pronouncements will be adopted in the Group’s accounting policies for the first period 
beginning after the effective date of the pronouncement.

2.4 BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION AND BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS
Horizonte Minerals Plc was incorporated on 16 January 2006. On 23 March 2006 Horizonte Minerals Plc acquired the entire issued 
share capital of Horizonte Exploration Limited (HEL) by way of a share for share exchange. The transaction was treated as a group 
reconstruction and was accounted for using the merger accounting method as the entities were under common control before and 
after the acquisition.

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns 
from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. 
The Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether it has power over an investee, including:

~ The contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee.
~ Rights arising from other contractual arrangements.
~ The Group’s voting rights and potential voting rights.

Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses control 
of the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the 
consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the date the Group ceases to control the subsidiary.

Other than for the acquisition of HEL as noted above, the Group uses the acquisition method of accounting to account for business 
combinations. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, the 
liabilities incurred and the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or 
liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities 
assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date. Acquisition-related costs are 
expensed as incurred unless they result from the issuance of shares, in which case they are offset against the premium on those 
shares within equity.

If an acquisition is achieved in stages, the acquisition date carrying value of the acquirer’s previously held equity interest in the 
acquiree is remeasured to fair value at the acquisition date through profit or loss.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes 
to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is deemed to be an asset or a liability is recognised in accordance with IFRS9 
either in profit or loss or as a change in other comprehensive income. The unwinding of the discount on contingent consideration 
liabilities is recognised as a finance charge within profit or loss. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not 
remeasured, and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity.

The excess of the consideration transferred and the acquisition date fair value of any previous equity interest in the acquiree over 
the fair value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. If this is less than the fair value of 
the net assets of the subsidiary acquired in the case of a bargain purchase, the difference is recognised directly in profit or loss.

Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between Group companies are eliminated. Accounting 
policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with policies adopted by the Group.

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost less impairment.

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65

The following 100% owned subsidiaries have been included within the consolidated Financial Statements:

2.5 INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Subsidiary undertaking

Horizonte Exploration Ltd

Held

Directly

Horizonte Minerals (IOM) Ltd

Indirectly

HM Brazil (IOM) Ltd

Indirectly

Cluny (IOM) Ltd

Indirectly

Champol (IOM) ltd

Indirectly

Horizonte Nickel (IOM) Ltd

Indirectly

Nickel Production Services B.V

Directly

Battery Material Services B.V

Directly

HM do Brasil Ltda

Indirectly

Araguaia Niquel Metais Ltda

Indirectly

Trias Brasil Mineração Ltda

Indirectly

Registered Address

incorporation Nature of business

Country of 

Rex House, 4-12 Regent Street, London 
SW1Y 4RG

1st Floor, Viking House, St Pauls Square, 
Ramsey, IM8 1GB, Ilse of Man 

1st Floor, Viking House, St Pauls Square, 
Ramsey, IM8 1GB, Ilse of Man 

1st Floor, Viking House, St Pauls Square, 
Ramsey, IM8 1GB, Ilse of Man 

First Names House, Victoria Road, Douglas, 
IM2 4DF, Isle of Man

1st Floor, Viking House, St Pauls Square, 
Ramsey, IM8 1GB, Ilse of Man 

England Mineral Exploration

Isle of Man

Holding company

Isle of Man

Holding company

Isle of Man

Holding company

Isle of Man

Holding company

Isle of Man

Holding company

Atrium Building, 8th floor, Strawinskylaan 
3127, 1077 ZX, Amsterdam

The Netherlands Provision of financial 
services

Naritaweg 165, 1043BW Amsterdam, The 
Netherlands

The Netherlands Provision of financial 
services

CNPJ 07.819.038/0001-30 com sede na Rua 
Paraíba, n. 1465, sala 1102 – parte, bairro 
Savassi 2904, Belo Horizonte – MG. CEP: 
30.130-148

CNPJ 97.515.035/0001-03 com sede na Rua 
Paraíba, n. 1465, sala 1102 – parte, bairro 
Savassi 2904, Belo Horizonte – MG. CEP: 
30.130-148

CNPJ 23.282.280/0001-73 com sede na Rua 
Paraíba, n° 1465, sala 1102 – Parte, bairro 
Savassi, Belo Horizonte/MG, CEP 30.130-148, 
Brazil

Brazil Mineral Exploration

Brazil Mineral Exploration

Brazil Mineral Exploration

2.4 (b) Subsidiaries and Acquisitions
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company 
(its subsidiaries) made up to 31 December each year. Control is recognised where an investor is expected, or has rights, to variable 
returns from its investment with the investee, and has the ability to affect these returns through its power over the investee. 
Based on the circumstances of the acquisition an assessment will be made as to whether the acquisition represents an acquisition 
of an asset or the acquisition of a business. In the event of a business acquisition, the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of a 
subsidiary are measured at their fair value at the date of acquisition.  Any excess of the cost of the acquisition over the fair values of 
the identifiable net assets acquired is recognised as a “fair value” adjustment.  
If the cost of the acquisition is less than the fair value of net assets of the subsidiary acquired, the difference is recognised directly 
in profit or loss. In the event of an asset acquisition assets and liabilities are assigned a carrying amount based on relative fair value.
The results of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the statement of comprehensive income from the 
effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate.
Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies into line with 
those used by the Group.

Contingent consideration as a result of business acquisitions is included in cost at its acquisition date assessed  value and, in the 
case of contingent consideration classified as a financial liability, remeasured subsequently through the profit and loss. 

(a) Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the net identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of 
subsidiaries is included in ‘intangible assets’. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment and carried at cost less accumulated 
impairment losses. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. Gains and losses on the disposal of an entity include the 
carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold.

Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units for the purpose of impairment testing. The allocation is made to those cash-
generating units or groups of cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the business combination in which the 
goodwill arose, identified according to operating segment.

(b) Exploration and evaluation assets
The Group capitalises expenditure in relation to exploration and evaluation of mineral assets when the legal rights are obtained 
and are initially valued and subsequently carried at cost less any subsequent impairment. Expenditure included in the initial 
measurement of exploration and evaluation assets and which are classified as intangible assets relate to the acquisition of rights 
to explore, topographical, geological, geochemical and geophysical studies, exploratory drilling, trenching, sampling and activities to 
evaluate the technical feasibility and commercial viability of extracting a mineral resource. 

Exploration and evaluation assets arising on business combinations are included at their acquisition-date fair value in accordance 
with IFRS 3 (revised) ‘Business combinations’. Other exploration and evaluation assets and all subsequent expenditure on assets 
acquired as part of a business combination are recorded and held at cost.

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment when facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of 
an asset may exceed its recoverable amount. The assessment is carried out by allocating exploration and evaluation assets to cash 
generating units, which are based on specific projects or geographical areas. 

Impairment reviews for deferred exploration and evaluation expenditure are carried out on a project by project basis, with each 
project representing a potential single cash generating unit. In accordance with the requirements of IFRS 6, an impairment review is 
undertaken when indicators of impairment arise such as: 

unexpected geological occurrences that render the resource uneconomic;
title to the asset is compromised;

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii)  variations in mineral prices that render the project uneconomic;
(iv)  substantive expenditure on further exploration and evaluation of mineral resources is neither budgeted nor planned; and
(v) 

the period for which the Group has the right to explore has expired and is not expected to be renewed.

See note 2.7 for impairment review process if impairment indicators are identified.

Whenever the exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources does not lead to the discovery of commercially viable quantities 
of mineral resources or the Group has decided to discontinue such activities of that unit, the associated expenditures are written off 
to profit or loss. Whenever a commercial discovery is the direct result of the exploration and evaluation assets, upon the decision 
to proceed with development of the asset and initial funding arrangements are in place the costs shall be transferred to a Mine 
Development asset within property, plant and equipment.    

(c)  Acquisitions of Mineral Exploration Licences
Acquisitions of Mineral Exploration Licences through acquisition of non-operational corporate structures that do not represent a 
business, and therefore do not meet the definition of a business combination, are accounted for as the acquisition of an asset and 
recognised at the fair value of the consideration. Related future consideration if contingent is recognised if it is considered that it is 
probable that it will be paid.

2.6 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Mine development property
Following determination of the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a mineral resource, the relevant expenditure is 
transferred from exploration and evaluation assets to mine development property. 
Further development costs are capitalised to mine development properties, if and only if, it is probable that future economic 
benefits associated with the item will flow to the entity and the cost can be measured reliably. Cost is defined as the purchase 
price and directly attributable costs. Once the asset is considered to be capable of operating in a manner intended by management, 
commercial production is declared, and the relevant costs are depreciated. Evaluated mineral property is carried at cost less 
accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.

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Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Short lived Property, plant and equipment
All other property, plant and equipment is stated at historic cost less accumulated depreciation. Historic cost includes expenditure 
that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is 
probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Group and the cost of the item can be measured 
reliably. Major repairs and maintenance are capitalised, all other repairs and maintenance costs are charged to profit or loss during 
the financial period in which they are incurred. 

Depreciation and amortisation
Mine development property is not depreciated prior to commercial production but is reviewed for impairment annually (see 
“Impairment of assets” section below). Upon commencement of commercial production, mine development property is transferred 
to a mining property and is depreciated on a units-of-production basis. Only proven and probable reserves are used in the tonnes 
mined units of production depreciation calculation.

Depreciation is charged on a straight-line basis  for all other property, plant and equipment, so as to write off the cost of assets, 
over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method, on the following bases:

Impairment reviews performed under IAS 36 are carried out when there is an indication that the carrying value may be impaired. 
Such key indicators (though not exhaustive) to the industry include:

a significant deterioration in the spot price of nickel

(i) 
(ii)  a significant increase in production costs
(iii)  a significant revision to, and reduction in, the life of mine plan

If any indication of impairment exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated, being the higher of fair value less costs to 
sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax 
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the 
estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying 
amount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. Such impairment losses are recognised 
in profit or loss for the year.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash generating unit) is increased to the 
revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that 
would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash generating unit) in prior years. A 
reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss for the year.

Office equipment

Vehicles and other field equipment

  25%

  25% – 33%

2.8 FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

Land is not depreciated. The asset’s residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each 
reporting period.  

An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the assets carrying amount is greater than its 
estimated recoverable amount.

Capitalisation of borrowing costs
Borrowing costs are expensed except where they relate to the financing of construction or development of qualifying assets. 
Borrowing costs directly related to financing of qualifying assets in the course of construction are capitalised to the carrying value 
of the Araguaia mine development property. Where funds have been borrowed specifically to the finance the Project, the amount 
capitalised represents the actual borrowing costs incurred net of all interest income earned on the temporary re-investment of 
these borrowings prior to utilisation. Borrowing costs capitalised include:

~ Interest charge on royalty finance
~ Adjustments to the carrying value of the royalty finance
~ Unwinding of discount and adjustment to carrying value on contingent consideration payable for Araguaia

The capitalisation of adjustments to the carrying values as a result of changes in estimates is an accounting policy choice under IFRS 
and management have selected to capitalise. To the extent that the Group borrows funds generally and uses them for the purpose 
of obtaining a qualifying asset, the Group shall determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation by applying a 
capitalisation rate to the expenditures on that asset. The capitalisation rate shall be the weighted average of the borrowing costs 
applicable to all borrowings of the entity that are outstanding during the period.

All other borrowing costs are recognized as part of interest expense in the year which they are incurred.

2.7 IMPAIRMENT OF NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS
Assets that have an indefinite useful life, such as goodwill are not subject to amortisation and are tested annually for impairment. 
At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets to 
determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered impairment. Prior to carrying out impairment reviews, 
the significant cash generating units are assessed to determine whether they should be reviewed under the requirements of IFRS 
6 – Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources or IAS 36 – Impairment of Assets. Such determination is by reference to 
the stage of development of the project and the level of reliability and surety of information used in calculating value in use or fair 
value less costs to sell. Impairment reviews performed under IFRS 6 are carried out on a project by project basis, with each project 
representing a potential single cash generating unit. An impairment review is undertaken when indicators of impairment arise; 
typically when one of the following circumstances applies:

sufficient data exists that render the resource uneconomic and unlikely to be developed
title to the asset is compromised

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii)  budgeted or planned expenditure is not expected in the foreseeable future
(iv) 

insufficient discovery of commercially viable resources leading to the discontinuation of activities

(a) Functional and presentation currency
Items included in the Financial Statements of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which the entity operates (the ‘functional currency’). The functional currency of the UK and Isle of Man entities 
is Pounds Sterling and the functional currency of the Brazilian entities is Brazilian Real. The functional currency of the project 
financing subsidiaries incorporated in the Netherlands is USD, however debt costs capitalised to the mine development asset are 
recorded in Brazilian Real. The Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in Pounds Sterling, rounded to the nearest pound, 
which is the Company’s functional and Group’s presentation currency.

(b) Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the 
transactions or valuation where such items are re-measured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of 
such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign 
currencies are recognised in profit or loss.

(c) Group companies
The results and financial position of all the Group’s entities (none of which has the currency of a hyperinflationary economy) that 
have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:
1. assets and liabilities for each statement of financial position presented are translated at the closing rate at the date of that 

statement of financial position; 

2. each component of profit or loss is translated at average exchange rates during the accounting period (unless this average is not 
a reasonable approximation of the cumulative effect of the rates prevailing on the transaction dates, in which case income and 
expenses are translated at the dates of the transactions); and 

3. all resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. 

On consolidation, exchange differences arising from the translation of the net investment in foreign entities, and of monetary items 
receivable from foreign subsidiaries for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future are taken to 
other comprehensive income. When a foreign operation is sold, such exchange differences are recognised in profit or loss as part of 
the gain or loss on sale.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign 
entity and retranslated at the end of each reporting period. 

The major exchange rates used for the revaluation of the statement of financial position at 31 December 2021 were United States 
Dollar $1:£0.742 (31 December 2020: $1:£0.73), Brazilian Real (R$):£0.133 (31 December 2020: R$:£0.141).

Foreign currency translation reserve includes movements that relate to the retranslation of the subsidiaries whose functional 
currencies are not Pounds Sterling.

During the year ended 31 December 2021, the Brazilian Real depreciated by 6% since 31 December 2020. Currency translation 
differences for the year of £2.4 million loss (2020:£8.2 million loss) included in comprehensive income arose on the translation of 
property plant and equipment, intangible assets and cash and cash equivalents denominated in Brazilian Real.

The foreign exchange loss for the year of £627,145 included in the statement of comprehensive income relates to the translation 
differences of foreign currency cash and cash equivalents balances and intercompany balances denominated in currencies other 
than the functional currency of the entity. 

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2.9 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial instruments are measured as set out below.  Financial instruments carried on the statement of financial position include 
cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other payables and loans to group companies.
Financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value when the group becomes a party to their contractual arrangements. 
Transaction costs directly attributable to the instrument’s acquisition or issue are included in the initial measurement of financial 
assets and financial liabilities, except financial instruments classified as at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). The subsequent 
measurement of financial instruments is dealt with below.

Financial assets
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as: 

~ Amortised cost;
~ Fair value through other comprehensive income (FVTOCI) - equity instruments; or 
~ FVTPL.

The group does not currently have any financial assets classified as FVTOCI. 

Fair value through profit or loss
This category comprises in-the-money derivatives. They are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value with changes 
in fair value recognised in the profit loss statement.

Amortised cost 
Financial assets that arise principally from assets where the objective is to hold these assets in order to collect contractual cash 
flows and the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest. They are initially recognised at fair value plus 
transaction costs that are directly attributable to their acquisition or issue, and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the 
effective interest rate method, less provision for impairment.
Any gain or loss arising on derecognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other gains or losses, together with 
foreign exchange gains or losses. Impairment losses are presented as separate line item in the statement of profit or loss. A gain 
or loss on a debt investment that is subsequently measured at FVTPL is recognised in profit or loss and presented net within other 
gains or losses in the period in which it arises. On derecognition of a financial asset, the difference between the proceeds received 
or receivable and the carrying amount of the asset is included in profit or loss.
Financial assets at amortised cost consist of trade receivables and other receivables (excluding taxes), cash and cash equivalents, 
and related party intercompany loans 
Impairment provisions for receivables and loans to related parties are recognised based on a forward looking expected credit loss 
model. The methodology used to determine the amount of the provision is based on whether there has been a significant increase 
in credit risk since initial recognition of the financial asset. For those where the credit risk has not increased significantly since 
initial recognition of the financial asset, twelve month expected credit losses along with gross interest income are recognised. 
For those for which credit risk has increased significantly, lifetime expected credit losses along with the gross interest income are 
recognised. For those that are determined to be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with interest income on a net 
basis are recognised.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are carried in the statement of financial position at cost. For the purpose of the cash flow statement, 
cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short term highly liquid investments with 
a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase.

Financial liabilities
The Group classifies its financial liabilities into one of two categories, depending on the purpose for which the liability was acquired.

Fair value through profit or loss
The group does not currently have any financial liabilities carried at Fair value through Profit and loss.

Special warrant liability
A contract that could result in the delivery of a variable number of the Company’s own ordinary shares is considered a financial 
liability and is measured at fair value through profit and loss. During the year the Company completed the private placement of 
special warrants. At the transaction date a liability was recognised because the shares had not been issued but had been paid 
for. The charge to the statement of comprehensive income reflects the liability was marked to market. When the warrants were 
exercised the liability was extinguished and recognised in equity. Refer to note 22 for the details of the transaction.

Other financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, except for financial liabilities 
designated at fair value through profit or loss, that are carried subsequently at fair value with gains and losses recognised in the 
profit and loss statement. 

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense 
over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments through the 
expected life of the financial liability, or, where appropriate, a shorter period. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

The Group’s financial liabilities initially measured at fair value and subsequently recognised at amortised cost include accounts 
payables and accrued liabilities as well as the Group’s Royalty liability.  

2.10 TAXATION
The tax credit or expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Income Statement, except 
to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity. In this case, the tax is also 
recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

The charge for current tax is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting 
period in the countries where the company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically 
evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. It 
establishes provisions where appropriate on the basis of amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities.

Deferred tax is accounted for using the liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the 
carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of 
taxable profit. However, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if they arise from the initial recognition of goodwill; deferred tax is 
not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at 
the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent 
that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Deferred 
tax assets are recognised on tax losses carried forward to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit through future 
taxable profits is probable.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, and 
interests in joint ventures, except where the Company is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable 
that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax 
liabilities and when the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same 
taxable entity or different taxable entities where there is an intention to settle the balances on a net basis.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Statement of Financial 
Position date and are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

2.11 SHARE CAPITAL
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new ordinary shares or options are 
shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.

2.12 TRADE PAYABLES
Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from 
suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as 
non-current liabilities.
Trade payables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method.

2.13 LEASES
All leases are accounted for by recognising a right-of-use assets due to a lease liability except for:

> Lease of low value assets; and
> Leases with duration of 12 months or less

The Group has such short duration leases and lease payments are charged to the income statement with the exception of the 
Group’s lease for the Belo Horizonte office.

Lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the contractual payments due to the lessor over the lease term, with 
the discount rate determined by reference to the rate inherent in the lease unless (as is typically the case) this is not readily 
determinable, in which case the group’s incremental borrowing rate on commencement of the lease is used. Variable lease 
payments are only included in the measurement of the lease liability if they depend on an index or rate. In such cases, the initial 
measurement of the lease liability assumes the variable element will remain unchanged throughout the lease term. Other variable 
lease payments are expensed in the period to which they relate.

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On initial recognition, the carrying value of the lease liability also includes:

~ amounts expected to be payable under any residual value guarantee;
~ the exercise price of any purchase option granted in favour of the group if it is reasonably certain to assess that option;
~ any penalties payable for terminating the lease, if the term of the lease has been estimated on the basis of termination option 

being exercised.

Right of use assets are initially measured at the amount of the lease liability, reduced for any lease incentives received, and 
increased for:

~ lease payments made at or before commencement of the lease;
~ initial direct costs incurred; and
~ the amount of any provision recognised where the group is contractually required to dismantle, remove or restore the leased asset 

Subsequent to initial measurement lease liabilities increase as a result of interest charged at a constant rate on the balance 
outstanding and are reduced for lease payments made. Right-of-use assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over 
the remaining term of the lease or over the remaining economic life of the asset if, rarely, this is judged to be shorter than 
the lease term.

2.14 SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS AND INCENTIVES
The Group operates equity-settled, share-based compensation plans, under which the entity receives services from employees 
as consideration for equity instruments (options) of the Group. The fair value of employee services received in exchange for the 
grant of share options are recognised as an expense. The total expense to be apportioned over the vesting period is determined by 
reference to the fair value of the options granted:
> including any market performance conditions; 
> excluding the impact of any service and non-market performance vesting conditions; and 
> including the impact of any non-vesting conditions.

Non-market performance and service conditions are included in assumptions about the number of options that are expected 
to vest. The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting 
conditions are to be satisfied. At the end of each reporting period the Group revises its estimate of the number of options that are 
expected to vest.

It recognises the impact of the revision of original estimates, if any, in profit or loss, with a corresponding adjustment to equity.

When options are exercised, the Company issues new shares. The proceeds received net of any directly attributable transaction 
costs are credited to share capital (nominal value) and share premium.

The fair value of goods or services received in exchange for shares is recognised as an expense.

2.15 SEGMENT REPORTING
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the Chief Executive Officer, the 
Company’s chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”).

2.16 FINANCE INCOME
Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method, taking into account the principal amounts outstanding and the 
interest rates applicable.

2.17 PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable 
that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount can be reliably estimated.

Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax 
rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in 
the provision due to passage of time is recognised as finance cost.

Contingent liabilities are potential obligations that arise from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the 
occurrence of one or more uncertain future events that, however, are beyond the control of the Group. Furthermore, present 
obligations may constitute contingent liabilities if it is not probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the 
obligation, or a sufficiently reliable estimate of the amount of the obligation cannot be made.

The company has contingent consideration arising in respect of mineral asset acquisitions. Details are disclosed in note 4.2. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Restoration, Rehabilitation and Environmental Provisions 
Management uses its judgement and experience to provide for and amortise the estimated mine closure and site rehabilitation over 
the life of the mine. Provisions are discounted at a risk-free rate and cost base inflated at an appropriate rate. The ultimate closure 
and site rehabilitation costs are uncertain and cost estimates can vary in response to many factors including changes to relevant 
legal requirements or the emergence of new restoration techniques. The expected timing and extent of expenditure can also 
change, for example in response to changes in ore reserves or processing levels. As a result, there could be significant adjustments 
to the provisions established which could affect future financial results. Currently there is no provision as all restoration and 
rehabilitation for activities undertaken to date are in line with the agreements for access to land. Once construction and mining 
operations commence however this is anticipated to become more significant. 

Trade and other payables
Accounts payable and other short term monetary liabilities, are initially recognised at fair value, which equates to the transaction 
price, and subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

3 FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Group is exposed through its operations to the following financial risks:

~ Credit risk
~ Interest rate risk
~ Foreign exchange risk
~ Price risk, and
~ Liquidity risk.

In common with all other businesses, the Group is exposed to risks that arise from its use of financial instruments. This note 
describes the Group's objectives, policies and processes for managing those risks and the methods used to measure them. 
Further quantitative information in respect of these risks is presented throughout these financial statements. There have been no 
substantive changes in the Group's exposure to financial instrument risks, its objectives, policies and processes for managing those 
risks or the methods used to measure them from previous periods unless otherwise stated in this note.

(i) Principal financial instruments

The principal financial instruments used by the Group, from which financial instrument risk arises, are as follows:

~ Trade and other receivables
~ Cash and cash equivalents
~ Trade and other payables
~ Royalty finance
~ Derivative financial assets

3.1 FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS
The main financial risks to which the Group’s activities are exposed are liquidity and fluctuations on foreign currency. The Group’s 
overall risk management programme focusses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse 
effects on the Group’s financial performance. 

Risk management is carried out by the Board of Directors under policies approved at the quarterly Board meetings. The Board 
frequently discusses principles for overall risk management including policies for specific areas such as foreign exchange. 

(a) Liquidity risks
In keeping with similar sized mineral exploration groups, the Group’s continued future operations depend on the ability to raise 
sufficient working capital through the issue of equity share capital or various forms of debt funding. Liquidity risk arises from the 
Group’s management of working capital and the expenditure profile of the group. At present the Group does not have any finance 
charges and principal repayments that require settlement as the only liabilities it has are contingent upon reaching production. 
There is however a risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting its financial obligations as they fall due. The Group’s policy 
is to ensure that it will always have sufficient cash to allow it to meet its liabilities when they become due. To achieve this aim, it 
seeks to maintain cash balances (or agreed facilities) to meet expected requirements for a period of at least 6 months. All cash, with 
the exception of that required for immediate working capital requirements, is held on short-term deposit. 

The Board receives rolling 12-month cash flow projections on a quarterly basis as well as information regarding cash balances 
and (as noted above) the value of the Group’s deposits. At the end of the financial year, these projections indicated that the Group 
expected to have sufficient liquid resources to meet its obligations under all reasonably expected circumstances. The liquidity risk 
of each group entity is managed centrally by the group treasury function. Each operation has a facility with group treasury, the 
amount of the facility being based on budgets. The budgets are set locally and agreed by the board in advance, enabling the Group’s 
cash requirements to be anticipated. 

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The following table sets out the contractual maturities of undiscounted financial liabilities:

Group

At 31 December 2021

Trade & other payables

Royalty financing arrangement

Contingent consideration

Deferred consideration

Lease liabilities

Total

Up to 3 
Months
£

Between 
3 & 12 Months
£

Between 
1 & 2 Years
£

Between 
2 & 5 Years
£

Over 5 years
£

16,008,280

—

—

—

15,949

—

—

—

451,863

—

—

2,375,269

18,236,231

168,625,617

—

4,452,029

3,710,024

704,905

47,846

704,905

3,339,022

69,408

206,932

—

—

16,024,229

752,750

3,601,445

26,234,215

172,335,641

The cash flows related to the royalty finance represent the estimated future payments in future years.

At 31 December 2020

Trade & other payables

Royalty financing arrangement

Contingent consideration

Lease liabilities

Total

Up to 3 Months

Between 
3 & 12 Months

Between 
1 & 2 Years

Between 
2 & 5 Years

Over 5 years

£

632,407

—

—

—

632,407

£

—

—

—

—

—

£

—

—

—

—

£

—

£

—

9,263,974

148,448,937

3,659,485

4,391,382

—

—

— 12,923,459

152,840,319

The cash flows related to the royalty finance represent the estimated future payments in future years.

Company

At 31 December 2021

Trade & other payables

Intercompany loans

Contingent consideration

Total

At 31 December 2020

Trade & other payables

Intercompany loans

Contingent consideration

Total

Up to 3 
Months
£

Between 
3 & 12 Months
£

Between 
1 & 2 Years
£

Between 
2 & 5 Years
£

Over 5 years
£

12,081,730

2,828,205

—

14,909,936

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,452,029

3,710,024

4,452,029

3,710,024

Up to 3 Months

Between 
3 & 12 Months

Between 
1 & 2 Years

Between 
2 & 5 Years

Over 5 years

£

280,179

12,194,094

—

12,474,273

£

—

—

—

—

£

—

—

—

—

£

—

—

£

—

—

3,659,485

4,391,382

3,659,485

4,391,382

(b) Foreign currency risks
The Group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily with 
respect to the Brazilian Real, US Dollar and the Pound Sterling. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions, recognised assets and liabilities and net investments in foreign 
operations that are denominated in a foreign currency. The Group holds a proportion of its cash in US Dollars and Brazilian Reals to 
hedge its exposure to foreign currency fluctuations and recognises the profits and losses resulting from currency fluctuations as 
and when they arise. The volume of transactions is not deemed sufficient to enter into forward contracts.

At 31 December 2021, if the Brazilian Real had weakened/strengthened by 20% against Pound Sterling with all other variables held 
constant, post tax loss for the year would have been approximately £4,235,376 (2020: £1,204,049) lower/higher mainly as a result 
of foreign exchange losses/gains on translation of Brazilian Real expenditure and denominated bank balances. If the USD:GBP rate 
had increased by 5% the effect would be £232,398 (2020: £372,488). 

As of 31 December 2021 the Group's net exposure to foreign exchange risk was as follows: 

Group

Currency of net

Financial assets/
(liabilities)

GBP

USD

BRL

CAD

EUR

Functional Currency

USD
2021

£

USD
2020

£

GBP
2021

£

GBP
2020

£

BRL
2021

£

BRL
2020

£

Total
2021

£

Total
2020

£

(933,874)

—

—

—

—

— (933,874)

—

—

— 90,206,582

(1,440,779)

(4,062,876)

— 86,143,706

(1,440,779)

14,675,359 5,433,840

—

—

—

— 6,986,953

57,683

12,830

72,610

—

—

—

—

—

— 14,675,359

5,433,840

— 6,986,953

—

12,830

57,683

72,610

Total net exposure 13,754,315 5,506,450

97,193,535

(1,383,096)

(4,062,876)

— 106,884,974

4,123,354

Company

Currency of net

Financial assets/(liabilities)

USD

CAD

Total net exposure

GBP
2021

£

GBP
2020

£

Total
2021

£

Total
2020

£

90,037,823

(1,569,868)

90,037,823

(1,569,868)

6,958,850

30,000

6,958,850

30,000

96,996,673

(1,539,868)

96,996,673

(1,539,868)

(c) Interest rate risk
As the Group has no drawn down borrowings, it is not exposed to interest rate risk on financial liabilities. The Group’s interest rate 
risk arises from its cash held on short-term deposit for which the Directors use a mixture of fixed and variable rate deposits. As a 
result, fluctuations in interest rates are not expected to have a significant impact on profit or loss or equity.

(d) Commodity price risk
The group is exposed to the price fluctuation of its primary product from the Araguaia project, being FerroNickel. The Group has 
a royalty over its Araguaia project which is denominated as a fixed percentage of the product over a certain number of tonnes 
produced. Given the Group is currently in the development phase and is not yet producing any revenue, the costs of managing 
exposure to commodity price risk exceed any potential benefits. The Directors monitor this risk on an ongoing basis and will 
review this as the group moves towards production. The Groups exposure to nickel price amounted to the carrying value of the 
Royalty liability of £33,016,624 (2020: £22,053,341). If the long term nickel price assumption used in the estimation were to 
increase or decrease by 10% then the effect on the carrying value of the liability would be an increase/decrease of £3,409,321 
(2020: £2,279,818).

(e) Credit risk
Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and outstanding receivables including intercompany loan receivable balances. The 
Group maintains cash and short-term deposits with a variety of credit worthy financial institutions and considers the credit ratings 
of these institutions before investing in order to mitigate against the associated credit risk. 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk amounted to £156,186,302 (2020: £10,935,563) and represents the Group cash positions. 

The Company’s exposure to credit risk amounted to £217,170,961 (2020: £70,001,110). Of this amount £69,811,932 
(2020: £64,692,156) is due from subsidiary companies and £147,359,029 represents cash holdings (2020: £5,308,954). See note 30 
for adjustments for provisions for expected credit losses for the intercompany receivables from subsidiary companies.

74

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

75

 
 
 
 
      
3.2 CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT
The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, in order to 
provide returns for shareholders and to enable the Group to continue its exploration and evaluation activities. The Group has no 
repayable debt at 31 December 2021 and defines capital based on the total equity of the Group. The Group monitors its level of 
cash resources available against future planned exploration and evaluation activities and may issue new shares in order to raise 
further funds from time to time. 

As indicated above, the Group holds cash reserves on deposit at several banks and in different currencies until they are required and 
in order to match where possible with the corresponding liabilities in that currency.

3.3 FAIR VALUE ESTIMATION
The carrying values of trade receivables and payables are assumed to be approximate to their fair values, due to their short-term 
nature. The value of contingent and deferred consideration is estimated by discounting the future expected contractual cash flows 
at the Group’s current cost of capital of 7% based on the interest rate available to the Group for a similar financial instrument.

In 2019 the Group entered into a royalty funding arrangement with Orion Mine Finance securing a gross upfront payment of 
$25,000,000 before fees in exchange for a royalty over the first 426k tonnes of nickel produced from the Araguaia Ferronickel 
project. The agreement includes several prepayment options embedded within the agreement enabling the Group to reduce the 
royalty rate, these options are carried at fair value. Details of this agreement are included in note 20.   

The future expected nickel price and, volatility of the nickel prices are key estimates that are critical in the fair value of the Buy Back 
Option associated with the Royalty financing. 
The fair value of cash, other receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and the joint venture obligation approximate their 
carrying values due to the short-term nature of the instruments. 

Fair value measurements recognised in the statement of financial position subsequent to initial fair value recognition can be 
classified into Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which fair value is observable. 

Level 1 – Fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level 2 – Fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are 
observable for the asset or liability, either directly, or indirectly. 

Level 3 – Fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are 
not based on observable market data. 

Information relating to the basis of determination of the level 3 fair value for the buyback option and consideration of sensitivity to 
changes in estimates is disclosed in note 20b). 

There were no transfers between any levels of the fair value hierarchy in the current or prior years. 

4 CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS
The preparation of the Financial Statements in conformity with IFRSs requires management to make estimates and assumptions 
that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the end of the 
reporting period and the reported amount of expenses during the year. Actual results may vary from the estimates used to produce 
these Financial Statements. 

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including 
expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 
Significant items subject to such estimates and judgements include, but are not limited to:

ESTIMATES
Company – Application of the expected credit loss model prescribed by IFRS 9
IFRS 9 requires the Parent company to make assumptions when implementing the forward-looking expected credit loss 
model. This model is required to be used to assess the intercompany loan receivables from the company’s Brazilian subsidiaries 
for impairment.

Arriving at the expected credit loss allowance involved considering different scenarios for the recovery of the intercompany loan 
receivables, the possible credit losses that could arise and the probabilities for these scenarios. The following was considered; the 
exploration project risk for Vermelho as well as the potential economics as derived from the PFS, positive NPV of the Araguaia 
projects as demonstrated by the Feasibility Study, ability to raise the finance to develop the projects, ability to sell the projects, 
market and technical risks relating to the project, participation of the subsidiaries in the Araguaia projects. See note 30 for a 
discussion on the adjustment passed concerning the impairment loss.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Valuation of derivative financial assets 
Valuing derivatives inherently relies on a series of estimates and assumptions to derive what is deemed to be a fair value estimate 
for a financial instrument. The royalty financing arrangement entered into by the Group includes a Buyback option, an embedded 
derivatives which was valued using a Monte Carlo simulation method. This methodology of determining fair value is reliant upon 
estimations including the probability of certain scenarios occurring, the estimated production rate and timeline of production from 
the Araguaia project, future nickel prices as well as discount factors. The most important estimates in determining the valuation 
of the Buyback option are the future nickel price and its price volatility. The sensitivity of the valuation to these estimates are 
considered in note 20b). 

JUDGEMENTS

4.1 IMPAIRMENT OF EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION COSTS
Exploration and evaluation costs which relate solely to Vermelho have a carrying value at 31 December 2021 of £5,949,649 (2020: 
£6,062,624). Each exploration project is subject to an annual review by either a consultant or senior company geologist to determine 
if the exploration results returned to date warrant further exploration expenditure and have the potential to result in an economic 
discovery. This review takes into consideration long-term metal prices, anticipated resource volumes and grades, permitting 
and infrastructure. In the event that a project does not represent an economic exploration target and results indicate there is no 
additional upside, a decision will be made to discontinue exploration. The judgement exercised by management relates to whether 
there is perceived to be an indicator of impairment and that management have concluded that there is not, due to the recovery in 
the Nickel prices, favourable economics of the Pre-Feasibility Study as well as the fundamentals of the nickel market and expected 
supply gap in the mid-term. 

4.2 CONTINGENT AND DEFERRED CONSIDERATION
Contingent consideration has a carrying value of £4,996,761 and deferred consideration has a carrying value of £4,062,876 at 31 
December 2021 (2020: £5,927,026). There are two contingent consideration arrangements in place as at 31 December 2021: 

~ Payable to Glencore in respect of the Araguaia acquisition - $5m 
~ Payable to Vale in respect of the Vale acquisition - $6m 

The deferred consideration arrangement in place as at 31 December 2021 is payable to Companhia Brasileira de Alumino (CBA) in 
respect of plant equipment.

In prior years Management judged that the projects had advanced to a stage that it was probable that the consideration would be 
paid and so should be recognised in full. This remains the position. In addition, a key estimate in determining the estimated value 
of the contingent and deferred consideration for Glencore Vale and CBA  is the timing of the assumed date of first commercial 
production. Please refer to Note 19 for an analysis of the contingent and deferred consideration. 

4.3 CURRENT AND DEFERRED TAXATION
The Group is subject to income taxes in numerous jurisdictions. Judgment is required in determining the worldwide provision for 
such taxes. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated tax issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. 
Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will affect 
the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the period in which such determination is made. 

Deferred tax liabilities have been recognised on the carrying value gains in exploration assets arising on the acquisitions of Araguaia 
Níquel Metais Ltda (formerly Teck Cominco Brasil S.A) and Lontra Empreendimentos e Participações Ltda in 2010. A deferred tax 
asset in respect of the losses has been recognised on acquisition of Araguaia Níquel Metais Ltda to the extent that it can be set 
against the deferred tax liability arising on the fair value gains. In determining whether a deferred tax asset in excess of this amount 
should be recognized management must make an assessment of the probability that the tax losses will be utilized and a deferred 
tax asset is only recognised if it is considered probable that the tax losses will be utilized. 

Other estimates include but are not limited to future cash flows associated with assets, useful lives for depreciation and fair value 
of financial instruments. 

76

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

77

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

2020

Intragroup sales 

Administrative expenses

Fair value movement

Profit/(loss) on foreign exchange

UK 
2020 
£

Brazil 
2020 
£

Netherlands
2020
£

219,884

(2,488,200)

(219,884)

(292,492)

—

—

1,491,281

(547,877)

—

(169,044)

(2,949,736)

(424,500)

(192,091)

(424,500)

751,313

Total 
2020
£

—

Loss from operations per reportable segment

(777,035)

(1,060,253)

(785,635)

(2,622,923)

Finance income

Loss before taxation

Depreciation charges

Additions to non-current assets

Capitalisation of borrowing costs

Reportable segment assets

Reportable segment non-current assets

Reportable segment liabilities

236,986

—

—

236,986

(540,049)

(1,060,253)

(785,635)

(2,385,937)

—

—

—

—

4,017,419

2,100,521

—

—

—

—

4,017,419

2,100,521

5,405,150

42,658,017

1,960,308

50,023,475

— 37,060,819

— 37,060,819

5,927,122

346,127

22,059,443

28,332,692

Inter segment revenues are calculated and recorded in accordance with the underlying intra group service agreements.

6 EXPENSES BY NATURE

Group

Employment related costs

Professional fees

Exploration costs expensed

Other

Total administrative expenses

2021
£

2020
£

3,818,517

1,067,047

1,119,158

1,093,299

—

740,675

343,695

445,695

5,678,350

2,949,736

4.4 ACCOUNTING FOR THE ROYALTY FINANCE ARRANGEMENTS
The Group has a $25m royalty funding arrangement which was secured in order to advance the Araguaia project towards 
construction. The royalty pays a fixed percentage of revenue to the holder for production from the first 426k tonnes of nickel 
produced from the Araguaia project. The treatment of this financing arrangement as a financial liability, calculated using the 
effective interest rate methodology is a key judgement that was made by the Company in the prior year and which was taken 
following obtaining independent expert advice. The carrying value of the financing liability is driven by the expected future 
cashflows payable to the holder on the basis of the production profile of the mine property. It is also sensitive to assumptions 
regarding the royalty rate, which can vary based upon the start date for construction of the project and future nickel prices. 
The contract includes certain embedded derivatives, including the Buy Back Option which has been separated and carried at fair 
value through profit and loss. 

The future price of nickel and date of commencement of commercial production are key estimates that are critical in the 
determination of the carrying value of the royalty liability. 

The future expected nickel price and, volatility of the nickel prices are key estimates that are critical in the determination of the fair 
value of the Buy Back Option associated with the Royalty financing. 

Further information relating to the accounting for this liability, the embedded derivative and the sensitivity of the carrying value to 
these estimates is provided in note 20a) and 20b).

4.5 DETERMINATION OF COMMENCEMENT OF CAPITALISATION OF BORROWING COSTS 
The date at which the Group commenced capitalisation of borrowing costs was determined to be the point at which the Araguaia 
Project moved forwards with undertaking an exercise of value engineering to get the project construction ready. This was deemed 
by management to be at the start of 2020.

5 SEGMENTAL REPORTING
The Group operates principally in the UK and Brazil, with operations managed on a project by project basis within each geographical 
area. Activities in the UK are mainly administrative in nature whilst the activities in Brazil relate to exploration and evaluation work. 
The separate subsidiary responsible for the project finance for the Araguaia Project is domiciled in the Netherlands. The operations 
of this entity are reported separately and so it is recognised as a new segment. The reports used by the chief operating decision-
maker are based on these geographical segments.

2021

Intragroup sales 

Administrative expenses

Change in fair value of special warrant liability

Change in fair value of derivative

Profit/(loss) on foreign exchange

UK 
2021 
£

—

Brazil 
2021 
£

—

Netherlands
2021
£

—

Total 
2021
£

—

(4,733,000)

(814,054)

(131,295)

(5,678,349)

(1,174,796)

—

—

—

— (1,174,796)

1,853,282

1,853,282

(405,739)

26,171

(247,577)

(627,145)

Loss from operations per reportable segment

(6,313,536)

(787,883)

1,474,410

(5,627,009)

Net finance income/(cost)

Loss before taxation

Depreciation charges

Additions to non-current assets

Capitalisation of borrowing costs

Foreign exchange movements to non-current assets

Reportable segment assets

Reportable segment non-current assets

Reportable segment liabilities

1,012,324

(136,516)

(4,919,602)

(4,043,794)

(5,301,212)

(924,399)

(3,445,192)

(9,670,803)

—

16,973

— 18,374,202

—

5,248,379

— (2,144,027)

—

16,973

— 18,374,202

—

5,248,379

— (2,144,027)

157,332,695

67,807,925

3,784,931

228,925,551

— 58,829,158

— 58,829,158

17,078,491

8,717,383

33,022,850

58,818,724

78

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

79

  
7 AUDITOR REMUNERATION
During the year the Group (including its overseas subsidiaries) obtained the following services from the Company’s auditor 
and its associates:

Group

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for the audit of the parent company and 
consolidated financial statements

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for other services:

 - Audit of subsidiaries

 - Audit related assurance services

 - Tax compliance services

8 FINANCE INCOME AND COSTS

Group

Finance income:

2021
£

71,935

10,239

105,000

24,932

2020
£

64,700

10,000

35,000

35,244

2021
£

2020
£

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Reconciliation of current tax

Group

Loss before income tax

Current tax at 19% (2020: 19%)

Effects of:

Expenses not deducted for tax purposes

Tax losses carried forward for which no deferred income tax asset was recognised

Prior year adjustment

Effect of higher overseas tax rates

Total tax

No tax charge or credit arises on the loss for the year.

2021
£

2020
£

(9,670,803)

(2,385,936)

(1,837,453)

(453,328)

735,916

1,334,505

—

(232,968)

—

255,888

83,060

(51,071)

114,380

(51,071)

The corporation tax rate in Brazil is 34%, the Netherlands 25% and the United Kingdom 19%. The group incurred expenses in all of 
these jurisdictions during the year. The effective tax rate for the year was 23% (2020: 19%). 

Deferred income tax

 - Interest income on cash and short-term bank deposits

363,923

151,459

An analysis of deferred tax assets and liabilities is set out below.

Finance costs:

 - Interest on land acquisitions

 - Contingent consideration: unwinding of discount (note 19)

 - Contingent consideration: change in carrying value (note 19)

 - Contingent consideration: change in estimate (note 19)

 - Amortisation of Royalty financing (note 20)

 - Carrying Value adjustment on royalty (note 20)

Total finance costs

Less finance costs capitalised

Net finance costs

9 INCOME TAX

Group

Tax charge:

Current tax charge for the year

Deferred tax charge for the year

Tax on loss for the year

(122,228)

(427,804)

(74,927)

1,419,978

—

(445,066)

764,109

—

(3,316,259)

(3,244,873)

(7,134,856)

910,834

(9,292,173)

(1,863,537)

5,248,379

4,043,794

2,100,521

236,986

2021
£

2020
£

—

—

—

(51,071)

159,597

108,526

Group

Deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities

 - Deferred tax liability to be settled after more than 12 months

Deferred tax liabilities (net)

The movement on the net deferred tax liabilities is as follows:

Group

At 1 January

Exchange differences

Adjustment to deferred tax

At 31 December

2021
£

—

—

—

2021
£

—

—

—

—

2020
£

1,624,891

1,624,891

—

2020
£

(212,382)

52,785

159,597

—

Deferred tax assets are recognised on tax losses carried forward to the extent that the realisation of the related tax benefit 
through future taxable profits is probable. 

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised in respect of fair value adjustments to the carrying value of intangible assets as a result of the 
acquisition of such assets in a business combination. 

The Group has tax losses of approximately £16,612,453 (2020: £17,603,004) in Brazil and excess management charges of 
approximately £6,866,179 (2020: £2,288,011) in the UK available to carry forward against future taxable profits. Deferred tax 
assets have been recognised up to the amount of the deferred tax liability arising on the fair value adjustments. Potential deferred 
tax assets of £4,460,940 (2020: £6,419,743) have not been recognised. 

Tax losses are available indefinitely. 

80

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

81

10 INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets comprise exploration licenses, exploration and evaluation costs and goodwill. Exploration and evaluation costs 
comprise acquired and internally generated assets. 

11 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Group

Cost

At 1 January 2020

Transfer to PPE

Additions

Exchange rate movements

Net book amount at 31 December 2020

Additions

Amortisation for the year

Exchange rate movements

Exploration
Licenses

Exploration and 
evaluation 
costs

£

£

Goodwill 

£

210,585

5,157,366

1,689,495

—

—

—

—

—

—

(52,337)

158,248

(151,785)

(632,451)

5,005,581

1,057,043

Software

£

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

76,768

155,262

—

—

68,646

(1,861)

Total 

£

7,057,446

—

—

(836,574)

6,220,872

300,676

(1,861)

(9,005)

(292,612)

(52,393)

—

(354,010)

Net book amount at 31 December 2021

149,243

4,789,737

1,159,912

66,785

6,165,677

(a) Exploration and evaluation assets

The exploration licences and exploration and evaluation costs relate to the Vermelho project. No indicators of impairment were 
identified during the year for the Vermelho project. 

Vermelho

In January 2018, the acquisition of the Vermelho project was completed, which resulted in a deferred consideration of $1,850,000 
being recognised and accordingly an amount of £1,245,111 was capitalised to the exploration licences held within intangible assets 
shown above. 

On 17 October 2020 the Group published the results of a Pre-Feasibility Study on the Vermelho Nickel Cobalt Project, which 
confirms Vermelho as a large, high-grade resource, with a long mine life and low-cost source of nickel sulphate for the battery 
industry. 

The economic and technical results from the study support further development of the project towards a full Feasibility Study and 
included the following:

~ A 38-year mine life estimated to generate total cash flows after taxation of US$7.3billion;
~ An estimated Base Case post-tax Net Present Value1 (‘NPV’) of US$1.7 billion and Internal Rate of Return (‘IRR’) of 26%;  
~ At full production capacity the Project is expected to produce an average of 25,000 tonnes of nickel and 1,250 tonnes of cobalt per 

annum utilising the High-Pressure Acid Leach process;

~ The base case PFS economics assume a flat nickel price of US$16,400 per tonne (‘/t’) for the 38-year mine life;
~ C1 (Brook Hunt) cash cost of US$8,020/t Ni (US$3.64/lb Ni), defines Vermelho as a low-cost producer; and
~ Initial Capital Cost estimate is US$652 million (AACE class 4). 

Nothing has materially deteriorated with the economics of the PFS between the publication date and the date of this report and the 
Directors undertook an assessment of impairment through evaluating the results of the PFS along with recent market information 
relating to capital markets and nickel prices and judged that there are no impairment indicators with regards to the Vermelho 
Project. Nickel prices remain higher than they were at the time of the publication of the PFS and overall sentiment towards battery 
metals and supply materials have grown more positive over the current year. The BRL has depreciated during the year which could 
have a positive impact on economics of the project as the revenue is denominated in USD with a significant portion of the costs and 
capital expenditure denominated in BRL. It has been therefore concluded there are no indicators if impairment.  

(b) Goodwill

Goodwill arose on the acquisition of Lontra Empreendimentos e Participações Ltda in 2010. The Directors have determined the 
recoverable amount of goodwill based on the same assumptions used for the assessment of the Lontra exploration project detailed 
above. As a result of this assessment, the Directors have concluded that no impairment charge is necessary against the carrying 
value of goodwill.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Mine 
Development 
Property

Vehicles and 
other field 
equipment 

Office 
equipment 

Land
acquisition 

£

£

£

£

Total 

£

32,260,061

4,008,719

2,100,521

—

(7,662,482)

30,706,819

9,890,044

5,248,379

—

—

(1,757,108)

44,088,134

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

106,722

1,234

—

(5,806)

(25,162)

76,988

563,534

—

481

—

(4,369)

636,635

106,239

6,121

(38,224)

(16,959)

57,177

5,584

164

—

(3,243)

59,682

576,953

19,811

14,424

55,989

—

—

(13,052)

57,361

51,925

—

(481)

(1,028)

(3,255)

— 32,381,207

87,257

4,153,199

—

—

2,100,521

(5,806)

— (7,700,717)

87,257

30,928,425

7,568,023

18,073,526

—

—

—

5,248,379

—

(1,028)

(4,965)

(1,769,697)

104,523

7,650,315

52,479,605

14,424

25,275

—

(8,399)

31,300

9,527

(164)

(125)

(1,776)

38,762

65,761

26,061

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

120,663

31,396

(38,224)

(25,358)

88,477

15,111

—

(125)

(5,019)

98,444

7,650,315

52,381,161

87,257

30,839,948

Group

Cost

At 31 December 2019

Additions

Interest capitalized

Disposals

Foreign exchange movements

At 31 December 2020

Additions

Interest capitalized

Transfers

Disposals

Foreign exchange movements

At 31 December 2021

Accumulated depreciation

At 31 December 2019

Charge for the year

Disposals

Foreign exchange movements

At 31 December 2020

Charge for the year

Transfers

Disposals

Foreign exchange movements

At 31 December 2021

Net book amount as at 31 December 2021

Net book amount as at 31 December 2020

44,088,134

30,706,819

In December 2018, a Canadian NI 43-101 compliant Feasibility Study (FS) was published by the Company regarding the enlarged 
Araguaia Project which included the Vale dos Sonhos deposit acquired from Glencore. The financial results and conclusions of the 
FS clearly indicate the economic viability of the Araguaia Project with an NPV of $401M using a nickel price of $14,000/t Ni. Nothing 
material had changed with the economics of the FS between the publication date and the date of this report and the Directors 
undertook an assessment of impairment through evaluating the results of the FS along with recent market information relating to 
capital markets and nickel prices and judged that there are no impairment indicators with regards to the Araguaia Project.

Impairment assessments for exploration and evaluation assets are carried out either on a project by project basis or by 
geographical area. 

The adjacent Araguaia/Lontra/Vila Oito and Floresta exploration sites (the Araguaia Project), together with the Vale dos Sonhos 
deposit acquired from Xstrata Brasil Mineração Ltda comprise a resource of a sufficient size and scale to allow the Company to 
create a significant single nickel project. For this reason, at the current stage of development, these two projects are viewed and 
assessed for impairment by management as a single cash generating unit.

The mineral concession for the Vale dos Sonhos deposit was acquired from Xstrata Brasil Mineração Ltda, a subsidiary of Glencore 
Canada Corporation, in November 2015.

The NPV has been determined by reference to the FS undertaken on the Araguaia Project. The key inputs and assumptions in 
deriving the value in use were, the discount rate of 8%, which is based upon an estimate of the risk adjusted cost of capital for 
the jurisdiction, capital costs of $443 million, operating costs of $8,194/t Nickel, a Nickel price of US$14,000/t and a life of mine 
of 28 years.

82

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

83

During the year progress was made in the land acquisition process for the Araguaia project. The deposits were paid to secure the 
‘right of way’, these acquisitions amounted to £7.6million. £3.5million of the land and ‘right of way’ purchases is included in trade and 
other payables as at 31 December 2021.

Sensitivity to changes in assumptions 

For the base case NPV of the Araguaia Project of US$401 million using a nickel price of US$14,000/t and US$740 million using 
US$16,800/t as per the FS to be reduced to the book value of the Araguaia Project as at 31 December 2021, the discount rate 
applied to the cash flow model would need to be increased from 8% to 17%. 

14 SHARE CAPITAL

Group and Company

Issued and fully paid

Ordinary shares of 1p each

At 1 January

Issue of ordinary shares

2021
Number

2021
£

2020
Number

2020
£

1,449,377,287

14,493,773 1,446,377,287

14,463,773

2,264,928,203

22,649,282

3,000,000

30,000

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

12  TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

VAT and other taxes receivable

Deposits

Other receivables

Group

2021
£

887,920

8,000

9,341,247

2020
£

262,539

8,000

Company

2021
£

414,353

8,000

—

9,341,247

2020
£

88,196

8,000

—

10,237,167

270,539

9,763,600

96,196

Other receivables relates to transaction costs for the US$633million financing package concluded in December 2021. These 
transaction costs relate to the debt finance agreements and the transaction costs will be offset against the debt when it is 
drawndown.

13 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash at bank and on hand

Short-term deposits

Group

2021
£

2020
£

Company

2021
£

2020
£

153,054,239

6,756,255

144,226,966

1,129,646

3,132,063

4,179,308

3,132,063

4,179,308

156,186,302

10,935,563

147,359,029

5,308,954

The Group’s cash at bank and short-term deposits are held with institutions with the following credit ratings:

A+

A

AAA

BAA

BB

BB-

BBB+

B+

NA

Group

2021
£

2020
£

Company

2021
£

2020
£

147,315,486

5,264,882

147,308,088

5,251,913

86,038

—

—

—

8,504,893

50,941

112,006

116,938

245,517

4,522,146

57,041

735,807

—

—

—

110,170

—

—

—

—

—

50,941

—

—

—

—

57,041

—

—

—

—

—

156,186,302

10,935,563

147,359,029

5,308,954

The cash deposited with the institution with no credit rating is only held short term and the expected credit loss is not assessed  
as material.

Conversion of special warrants into shares

88,060,100

880,601

—

—

At 31 December

3,802,365,590

38,023,656 1,449,377,287

14,493,773

Share capital comprises amount subscribed for shares at the nominal value. 

2021

On 19 February 2021, 162,718,353 new ordinary shares were placed with new and existing investors at a price of 7.5 pence per 
share. The gross proceeds raised in the placement was £12,203,876 and issue costs amounted to £740,401. 

On 14 April 2021, the 88,060,100 Special Warrants were converted to 88,060,100 ordinary shares of the Company, refer to note 11 
for more details on the Special Warrants.

On 23 December 2021, 2,102,209,850 new ordinary shares were placed with new and existing investors at a price of 7.0 pence per 
share. The gross proceeds raised in the placement was £147,230,250 and issue costs amounted to £5,164,623. 

2020

On 3 September 2020 the Group issued 3,000,000 new ordinary shares at a price of 3.1 pence per share in relation to the exercise of 
options by an employee of the Company.  

15 SHARE PREMIUM

Group and Company

At 1 January

Premium arising on issue of ordinary shares

Issue costs

Premium arising on conversion of special warrants into shares

Special warrants issue costs

At 31 December

2021
£

2020
£

41,848,306

41,785,306

136,784,844

(5,904,761)

5,795,235

(594,975)

63,000

—

—

—

177,928,649

41,848,306

Share premium comprises the amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value.

16 SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
The Directors have discretion to grant options to the Group employees to subscribe for Ordinary shares up to a maximum of 10% 
of the Company’s issued share capital. One third of options are exercisable at each six months anniversary from the date of grant, 
such that all options are exercisable 18 months after the date of grant and all lapse on the tenth anniversary of the date of grant 
or the holder ceasing to be an employee of the Group. Should holders cease employment then the options remain valid for a period 
of 3 months after cessation of employment, following which they will lapse. Neither the Company nor the Group has any legal or 
constructive obligation to settle or repurchase the options in cash. 

84

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

85

Movements on number of share options and their related exercise price are as follows:

Outstanding at 1 January

Forfeited

Exercised

Granted

Outstanding at 31 December

Exercisable at 31 December

Number of 
options 
2021

125,350,000

(11,050,000)

—

—

Weighted
average  
exercise 
price 2021
£

Number of 
options 
2020

0.051

136,300,000

0.139

(7,950,000)

— (3,000,000)

—

—

114,300,000

114,300,000

0.0425

125,350,000

0.0425

125,350,000

Weighted
average 
exercise 
price 2020
£

0.055

0.140

0.031

—

0.051

0.051

17 OTHER RESERVES

Group

At 1 January 2020

Other comprehensive income

Currency translation differences

At 31 December 2020

Other comprehensive income

Currency translation differences

At 31 December 2021

The options outstanding at 31 December 2021 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 4.47 years (2020: 5.80 years). 

The fair value of the share options was determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. No new options were issued during 
2020 and 2021.

Company

At 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020

At 1 January 2021 and 31 December 2021

The expected volatility is based on historical volatility for the six months prior to the date of grant. The risk free rate of return is 
based on zero yield government bonds for a term consistent with the option life.

Other reserve 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

Merger
reserve
£

Translation 
reserve
£

Other
reserve
£

Total
£

10,888,760

(14,507,590)

(1,048,100)

(4,666,930)

—

—

— (8,151,944)

—

—

— (8,151,944)

10,888,760

(22,659,534)

(1,048,100)

(12,818,874)

—

—

— (2,418,094)

—

—

— (2,418,094)

10,888,760

(25,077,628)

(1,048,100)

(15,236,968)

Merger
reserve
£

Total
£

10,888,760

10,888,760

10,888,760

10,888,760

The range of option exercise prices is as follows:

2021 
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(£)

2021 
Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
expected 
(years)

2021 
Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
contracted 
(years)

2020 
Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(£)

2021 
Number of 
shares

2020 
Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
expected 
(years)

2020 
Weighted 
average 
remaining life 
contracted 
(years)

2020 
Number of 
shares

0.042 113,800,000

0.154

500,000

4.49

0.73

4.49

0.73

0.042 115,700,000

0.154

9,650,000

6.21

0.93

6.21

0.93

Range of 
exercise prices 
(£)

0–0.1

0.1–0.2

The other reserve arose on consolidation as a result of merger accounting for the acquisition of the entire issued share capital of 
Horizonte Exploration Limited during 2006 and represents the difference between the value of the share capital and premium 
issued for the acquisition and that of the acquired share capital and premium of Horizonte Exploration Limited. 

Merger Reserve 

During the year ended 31 December 2010 the Company acquired 100% of Teck Cominco Brasil S.A and Lontra Empreendimentos e 
Participações Ltda (refer note 10). These acquisitions were effected by the issue of shares in Horizonte Minerals plc. These shares 
qualified for merger relief under section 612 of the Companies Act 2006. In accordance with section 612 of the Companies Act 2006 
the premium on the shares issued was recognised in a separate reserve within equity called merger reserve. 

Currency translation differences relate to the translation of Group entities that have a functional currency different from the 
presentation currency (refer note 2.8). Movements in the translation reserve are linked to the changes in the value of the Brazilian 
Real against the Pound Sterling: the intangible assets of the Group are located in Brazil, and their functional currency is the Brazilian 
Real, which decreased in value against Sterling during the year. 

18 TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Non-current

Trade and other payables

Current

Trade and other payables

Social security and other taxes

Accrued expenses

Total trade and other payables

Group

2021
£

451,863

451,863

3,381,704

572,431

12,054,145

16,008,280

16,460,143

2020
£

—

—

304,461

83,203

Company

2021
£

—

—

—

33,811

244,743

12,047,919

632,407

12,081,730

632,407

12,081,730

2020
£

—

—

123,657

31,822

124,700

280,179

280,179

86

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

87

19. CONTINGENT AND DEFERRED CONSIDERATION

19.1 Contingent Consideration payable to Xstrata Brasil Mineração Ltda
On 28 September 2015 the Company announced that it had reached agreement to indirectly acquire through wholly owned 
subsidiaries in Brazil the advanced high-grade Glencore Araguaia nickel project (GAP) in north central Brazil. GAP is located in the 
vicinity of the Company’s Araguaia Project. 

Pursuant to a conditional asset purchase agreement (Asset Purchase Agreement) between, amongst others, the Company and 
Xstrata Brasil Exploraçâo Mineral Ltda (Xstrata), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Glencore Canada Corporation (Glencore), the 
Company has agreed to pay a total consideration of US$8 million to Xstrata, which holds the title to GAP. The consideration is to be 
paid according the following schedule; 

~ US$2,000,000 in ordinary shares in the capital of the Company which was settled by way of issuing new shares in the Company 
as follows: US$660,000 was paid in shares to a subsidiary of Glencore during 2015 and the transfer of the Serra do Tapa and Pau 
Preto deposit areas (together: SdT) during 2016 initiated the final completion of the transaction with a further US$1,340,000 
shares in the Company issued. 

~ US$1,000,000 after the date of issuance of a joint Feasibility Study for the combined Araguaia & GAP project areas, to be satisfied 
in HZM Shares (at the 5 day volume weighted average price taken on the tenth business day after the date of such issuance) or 
cash, at the election of the Company. Of this $330,000 is due upon the inclusion of Vale dos Sonhos in a Feasibility Study and 
$670,000 for Serra do Tapa, during 2018 a Feasibility Study including Vale dos Sonhos was published and the consideration 
settled by way of issuing 13,855,487 new Shares in the Company occurred during 2019. Serra do Tapa is not included in the 
current project plans, therefore management have concluded it’s not currently probable that the consideration for Serra do Tapa 
will be paid. This consideration is therefore not included in contingent consideration; and 

~ The remaining US$5,000,000 consideration will be paid in cash, as at the date of first commercial production from any of the 

resource areas within the Enlarged Project area. Following transfer of the concession for the VdS deposit area to a subsidiary of 
the Company, this has been included in contingent consideration payable.

The contingent consideration payable to Xstrata Brasil Mineração Ltda for the acquisition of the Araguaia project has a carrying 
value of £1,713,002 at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: £2,893,877). It comprises US$5,000,000 consideration in cash as 
at the date of first commercial production of ferronickel product (excluding the commissioning period) from any of the resource 
areas covered in the purchase agreement, i.e. Vale dos Sonhos (VDS) and Serra do Tapa (SDT). The key assumptions underlying 
the treatment of the contingent consideration of US$5,000,000 is a discount factor of 7.0% along with the estimated date of first 
commercial production from the VDS and SDT permits. During the year the estimated date of first commercial production from 
the VDS and SDT permits was revised to align with the mine plan. The Group has finalised its mine plan for the Araguaia Project 
which was approved as part of the investment decision for the Araguaia project finance package which was successfully concluded 
in December 2021. The mine plan anticipates production from VDS permit to commence 9 years after the Araguaia project first 
production date  and thus it was deemed reasonable to estimate the change in timing of the contingent consideration. 

During 2020 the Araguaia project entered the development phase and as a result borrowing costs including unwinding of discount 
on contingent consideration for qualifying assets are capitalised to the mine development asset. 

19.2 Contingent consideration payable to Vale Metais Basicos S.A.

~ On 19 December 2017 the Company announced that it had reached an agreement with Vale S.A (“Vale”) to indirectly acquire 
through wholly owned subsidiaries in Brazil, 100% of the advanced Vermelho nickel-cobalt project in Brazil (“Vermelho”).  
~ The terms of the Acquisition required Horizonte to pay an initial cash payment of US$150,000 with a further US$1,850,000 in 

cash payable on the second anniversary of the signing of the asset purchase agreement. This was paid by the Group in December 
2019 and is no longer included in deferred consideration. 

~ A final payment of US$6,000,000 in cash is payable by Horizonte within 30 days of first commercial sale of product from 

Vermelho. Management have assessed that with the publication of the Pre-Feasibility Study during 2019 for the Vermelho project, 
there is a reasonable probability that the project will advance through to production and therefore have recognised this contingent 
consideration within liabilities for the first time during the year. 

The contingent consideration payable to Vale Metais Basicos S.A. for the acquisition of the Vermelho project has a carrying value of 
£3,283,758 at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: £3,033,148). It comprises US$6,000,000 consideration in cash as at the date 
of first commercial production from the Vermelho project and was recognised for the first time in December 2019, following the 
publication of a PFS on the project. The key assumptions underlying the treatment of the contingent consideration of US$6,000,000 
is a discount factor of 7.0% along with the estimated date of first commercial production. 

The finance costs in respect of this contingent consideration are expensed as the Vermelho project has not entered the 
construction phase.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

19.3 Deferred consideration payable to Companhia Brasileiro de Aluminio
On 8 December 2021 the Group’s subsidiary Araguaia Niquel Metais Ltda (ANM) entered into an asset purchase agreement to 
purchase certain new and unused ferronickel processing equipment (the “Processing Equipment”) from Companhia Brasileira de 
Alumínio (“CBA”).

The Processing Equipment comprises the key components of a conventional rotary kiln electric furnace plant (“RKEF”), excluding the 
furnace, and is expected to provide meaningful synergies in relation to the development of the Araguaia ferronickel project. 

An upfront cost of US$600,000 is payable in cash on signing with a total consideration of up to US$7,000,000, with the balance 
payable upon the achievement of future milestones related to the development and operation of Araguaia. As part of the 
transaction CBA will continue to perform care and maintenance activities going forward until it is removed from the existing site. 
~ The total consideration of up to US$7 million payable by ANM will be paid according to the following schedule:US$600,000 

payable on execution of the Agreement;

~ US$950,000 upon the removal of 80% of the Processing Equipment from CBA’s Niquelândia operations;
~ US$950,000 upon reaching 50% completion of Araguaia plant construction;
~ US$1,150,000 upon production at Araguaia reaching 90% of nameplate capacity for a period of 60 days, on average, and with up 

to 50% of such amount payable in Horizonte shares, at Horizonte’s election; and

~ US$3,350,000 payable by Horizonte in three equal annual instalments with the first instalment due within 45 days of the first 

sale of ferronickel to a third party. Horizonte may choose to pay the outstanding balance of this amount at any time of its choosing 
with up to 50% of the total able to be paid in Horizonte’s shares, at Horizonte’s election.

In addition the contract provides that each component of the Purchase Price shall be deemed immediately due and payable to the 
Seller at the long stop date of  December 31, 2027. The deferred consideration payable to CBA has a carrying value of £4,062,876 
at 31 December 2021 (31 December 2020: £nil). The key assumptions underlying the treatment of the deferred consideration of 
US$7,000,000 is a discount factor of 7.0% along with the estimated date of completion of the project milestones as outlined above. 

The critical assumptions underlying the treatment of the contingent and deferred considerations are set out in note 4.2. 

At 1 January 2020

Unwinding of discount

Change in carrying value and foreign exchange

At 31 December 2020

Initial recognition

Unwinding of discount

Change in estimate

Change in carrying value and foreign exchange

At 31 December 2021

Reclassification to current liabilities

At 31 December 2021

Companhia 
Brasileira 
de Aluminio 
(in respect of 
Araguaia project)
£

Xstrata Brasil 
Mineração Ltda 
(in respect of 
Araguaia project)
£

Vale Metais 
Basicos S.A. 
(in respect of 
Vermelho project)
£

—

—

—

—

2,975,935

213,285

(295,343)

2,893,877

3,270,134

231,780

(468,766)

3,033,148

4,043,991

14,288

—

—

201,899

211,616

Total
£

6,246,069

445,065

(764,109)

5,927,025

4,043,991

427,803

—

(1,419,978)

—

(1,419,978)

4,597

4,062,876

(704,246)

3,358,630

37,204

38,994

1,713,002

3,283,758

—

—

1,713,002

3,283,758

80,795

9,059,636

(704,246)

8,355,390

The change in estimate during 2021 relates revisions to the estimated payment date of the Xstrata Brasil Mineração Ltda 
contingent consideration  as a result of the start date of commercial production at the VDS and SDT areas being extended. 

88

H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

89

20 A) ROYALTY FINANCING LIABILITY 
On 29 August 2019 the Group entered into a royalty funding arrangement with Orion Mine Finance (“OMF") securing a gross upfront 
payment of $25,000,000 before fees in exchange for a royalty, the rate being in a range from 2.25% to 3.00% and determined by 
the date of funding and commencement of major construction. At inception of the loan the rate has been estimated at 2.65%, at 
year end the rate has been revised to 2.95%. The royalty is paid over the first 426k tonnes of nickel produced from the Araguaia 
Ferronickel project. The Royalty agreement has certain provisions to increase the headline royalty rate should there be delays 
in securing project financing beyond a pre agreed timeframe. The royalty is linked to production and therefore does not become 
payable until the project is constructed and commences commercial production. The agreement contains certain embedded 
derivatives which as per IFRS9 have been separately valued and included in the fair value of the financial instrument in note 20 b).

The Royalty liability has initially been recognised using the amortised cost basis using the effective interest rate of 14.5%. When 
circumstances arise that lead to payments due under the agreement being revised, the group adjusts the carrying amount of the 
financial liability to reflect the revised estimated cash flows. This is achieved by recalculating the present value of estimated cash 
flows using the original effective interest rate of 14.5%. any adjustment to the carrying value is recognised in the income statement.
The long-term nickel price used in the royalty valuation as at 31 December 2021 is $16,945/t Ni.

Net book amount at 1 January 2020 

Unwinding of discount

Change in carrying value

Effects of foreign exchange

Net book amount at 31 December 2020

Unwinding of discount

Change in carrying value

Effects of foreign exchange

Net book amount at 31 December 2021

£

20,570,411

3,244,873

(910,834)

(851,109)

22,053,341

3,316,259

7,134,856

512,168

33,016,624

Management have sensitised the carrying value of the royalty liability by a change in the royalty rate to 3% (maximum royalty rate 
in the agreement) and it would be £559,604 higher/lower and for a $1,000/t Ni increase/decrease in future nickel price the carrying 
value would change by £2,011,950. 

b) Derivative financial asset
The aforementioned agreement includes several options embedded within the agreement as follows:
~ If there is a change of control of the Group and the start of major construction works (as defined by the expenditure of in excess 

of $30m above the expenditure envisaged by the royalty funding) is delayed beyond a certain pre agreed timeframe the following 
options exist:
~ Call Option – which grants Horizonte the option to buy back between 50 – 100% of the royalty at a valuation that meets 

certain minimum economic returns for OMF;

~ Make Whole Option – which grants Horizonte the option to make payment as if the project had started commercial 

production and the royalty payment were due; and

~ Put Option – should Horizonte not elect for either of the above options, this put option grants OMF the right to sell between 

50 – 100% of the Royalty back to Horizonte at a valuation that meets certain minimum economic returns for OMF.
~ Buy Back Option - At any time from the date of commercial production, provided that neither the Call Option, Make Whole Option 
or the Put Option have been actioned, Horizonte has the right to buy back up to 50% of the Royalty at a valuation that meets 
certain minimum economic returns for OMF. 

The directors have undertaken a review of the fair value of all of the embedded derivatives and are of the opinion that the Call 
Option, Make Whole Option and Put Option currently have immaterial values as the probability of both a change of control and 
project delay are currently considered to be remote. There is considered to be a higher probability that the Group could in the future 
exercise the Buy Back Option and therefore has undertaken a fair value exercise on this option. 

The initial recognition of the Buy Back Option has been recognised as an asset on the balance sheet with any changes to the fair 
value of the derivative recognised in the income statement. It been fair valued using a Monte Carlo simulation which runs a high 
number of scenarios in order to derive an estimated valuation. 

The assumptions for the valuation of the Buy Back Option are the future nickel price ($16,941/t Ni), the start date of commercial 
production (May 2023), the prevailing royalty rate (2.95%), the inflation rate (1.76%) and volatility of nickel prices (22.1%).

Value as at 1 January 2020

Change in fair value

Effects of foreign exchange

Value as at 31 December 2020

Change in fair value

Effects of foreign exchange

Value as at 31 December 2021

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

£

2,246,809

(424,500)

(65,756)

1,756,553

1,853,282

63,089

3,672,924

Sensitivity analysis 
The valuation of the Buyback option is most sensitive to estimates for nickel price and nickel price volatility.

An increase in the estimated future nickel price by $1,000 would give rise to a $1,338,000 increase in the value of the option.

The nickel price volatilities based on both 5 and 10 year historic prices are in close proximity and this is the period in which 
management consider that the option would be exercised. Therefore, management have concluded that currently no reasonably 
possible alternative assumption for this estimate would give rise to a material impact on the valuation.

21  RIGHT OF USE ASSETS AND LEASE LIABILITY
In December 2021, Araguaia Niquel Metais Ltda entered into a commercial lease agreement for an office property in Belo Horizonte. 
The duration of the lease will be for 5 years. The instalments in the first year will be BRL 40,000 per month and in years 2 to 5 the 
monthly instalment will be BRL 43,520.

The right of use asset and lease liability was recognised in December 2021 at inception of the lease.

Right of use asset

Initial recognition

Value as at 31 December 2021

Lease liability

Initial recognition

Reclassified to current liabilities

Non-current lease liability

£

282,320

282,320

£

282,320

(43,604)

238,716

22 SPECIAL WARRANT LIABILITY
On 9 March 2021 the Company completed the private placement of special warrants (the “Special Warrants), raising gross proceeds 
of £6.7 million (the “Offering”) including the full exercise of the underwriters’ option.

Pursuant to the Offering, the Company issued 88,060,100 Special Warrants at a price of 7.5 pence per share per Special Warrant. 
Each Special Warrant, subject to the Penalty Provision (as defined below) and subject to adjustments in certain circumstances, 
shall be deemed to be exercised for one Ordinary Share in the capital of the Company (each, an “Underlying Share”) without any 
required action on the part of the holders (including payment of additional consideration) on the date on which the earlier of the 
following occurs:

(i)  the third business day following the date on which a final receipt is obtained from the applicable securities regulator on behalf 

of the securities regulatory authorities in each of the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario (the “Final Receipt”), for the final 
qualification prospectus (the “Qualification Prospectus”) qualifying the Underlying Shares for distribution; and

(ii) 4:59 p.m. (Toronto time) on 10 July 2021.

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91

 
 
The Company agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to qualify the Underlying Shares for distribution in Canada, and to 
obtain the Final Receipt therefor, on or prior to 28 April 2021. In the event the Final Receipt was not received on or before 18 April 
2021, each Special Warrant entitled the holder thereof to receive, upon the exercise or deemed exercise thereof, as applicable, 1.1 
Underlying Shares without further payment on the part of the holder (the “Penalty Provision”).

(b) Diluted
The basic and diluted loss per share for the years ended 31 December 2021 and 31 December 2020 are the same as the current year 
result for the year was a loss, the options and warrants outstanding would be anti-dilutive. Therefore, the dilutive loss per share is 
considered as the same as the basic loss per shares. 

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

The Special Warrants contained terms that could have resulted in variability in the number of common shares issued, with an 
increase in the conversion ratio if the final prospectus was not filed by 28 April 2021. Accordingly, the Special Warrants were 
classified as a derivative financial instrument under IFRS and measured at fair value through profit and loss. On initial recognition, 
the carrying value of the liability was equal to the net proceeds of £6,178,222 . 

The receipt for the Final Prospectus was confirmed on 9 April 2021. On 14 April 2021, the 88,060,100 Special Warrants were 
converted to 88,060,100 ordinary shares of the Company with no penalty. Upon the conversion of the Special Warrants to ordinary 
shares, the fair value of the Special Warrants as at 14 April 2021 was transferred to Share Capital and Share Premium. The fair 
value of the Special Warrants as at 14 April 2021, was determined to be £7,255,657. The change in fair value from the date of 
issuance on 9 March 2021 to the date of exercise on 14 April 2021, an unrealised loss of $1,174,796 was recognized related to 
Special Warrants.

Gross proceeds from issue of share warrants

Issue costs

Effects of change in fair value and foreign exchange

Conversion of share warrants into shares

Value as at 31 December 2021

23 NOTE TO STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Below is a reconciliation of borrowings from financial transactions: 

£

6,675,836

(594,975)

1,174,796

(7,255,657)

-

As at 1 January 2020

Non cash flow adjustments:

 - Unwinding of discount

 - Change in fair value

 - Effects of foreign exchange

Royalty Financing
£

Derivative Asset
£

Total
£

20,570,411

(2,246,809)

18,323,602

3,244,873

(910,834)

(851,109)

—

424,500

65,756

3,244,873

(486,334)

(785,353)

Total non-current borrowings 31 December 2020

22,053,341

(1,756,553)

20,296,788

Unwinding of discount

Change in fair value

Effects of foreign exchange

3,316,259

7,134,856

512,168

—

(1,853,282)

(63,089)

3,316,259

5,281,574

449,079

Total non-current borrowings 31 December 2021

33,016,624

(3,672,924)

29,343,700

24 DIVIDENDS
No dividend has been declared or paid by the Company during the year ended 31 December 2021 (2020: nil).

25 EARNINGS PER SHARE

(a) Basic
The basic loss per share of 0.568p loss per share (2020 loss per share: 0.157p) is calculated by dividing the loss attributable to 
owners of the parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year.

Group

Loss attributable to owners of the parent

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue

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H ORIZ ONTE M INERALS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

2021
£

2020
£

(9,670,803)

(2,277,411)

1,703,513,618

1,447,323,588

On 19 February 2021, 162,718,353 new ordinary shares were placed with new and existing investors at a price of 
7.5 pence per share.  

On 14 April 2021, the 88,060,100 Special Warrants were converted to 88,060,100 ordinary shares of the Company, refer to note 11 
for more details on the Special Warrants.

On 23 December 2021, 2,102,209,850 new ordinary shares were placed with new and existing investors at a price of 
7.00 pence per share. 

On 3 September 2020 the Group issued 3,000,000 new ordinary shares at a price of 3.1 pence per share in relation to the exercise of 
options by an employee of the Company. 

Details of share options that could potentially dilute earnings per share in future periods are set out in note 16. 

26 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The following transactions took place with subsidiaries in the year: 

Amounts totalling £5,147,750 (2020: £5,464,756) were lent to Horizonte Nickel IOM Ltd and Champol IOM Ltd finance exploration 
work during 2021, by Horizonte Minerals Plc. No interest is charged on balances outstanding during the year. The amounts are 
repayable on demand. 

See note 30 for balances with subsidiaries at the year end.

All Group transactions were eliminated on consolidation. 

27 ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY
The Directors believe there to be no ultimate controlling party.

28 EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSE (INCLUDING DIRECTORS AND KEY MANAGEMENT)

Group

Wages and salaries

Social security costs

Indemnity for loss of office

Management

Field staff

Average number of employees including Directors 
and Key Management

Group

2021
£

2020
£

Company

2021
£

2020
£

5.417.395

2,180,283

3,996,570

1,384,126

629,206

81,040

269,069

1,315

386,904

161,157

—

—

6,127,641

2,450,667

4,383,474

1,545,283

12

38

50

13

24

37

8

3

11

8

—

8

Employee benefit expenses includes £2,311,546 (2020: £1,110,358) of costs capitalised and included within intangible 
non-current assets and mine development asset. 

HO RIZ O NT E  M INE RA LS 
2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
29 INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES

Company

Shares in Group undertakings

2021
£

2,348,142

2,348,142

2020
£

2,348,142

2,348,142

Investments in Group undertakings are stated at cost. 

On 23 March 2006 the Company acquired the entire issued share capital of Horizonte Exploration Limited by means of a share for 
share exchange; the consideration for the acquisition was 21,841,000 ordinary shares of 1 penny each, issued at a premium of  
9 pence per share. The difference between the total consideration and the assets acquired has been credited to other reserves.

30 LOANS TO AND FROM SUBSIDIARIES
Balances with subsidiaries at the year-end were:

Company

Loans to subsidiaries

HM Brazil (IOM) Ltd

Horizonte Nickel (IOM) Ltd

Champol (IOM) Ltd

Horizonte Minerals (IOM) Ltd

Total

Loans from subsidiaries

HM Exploration Ltd

Cluny (IOM) Ltd

Nickel Production Services B.V.

Total

2021
Assets/(Liabilities)
£

2020
Assets/(Liabilities)
£

6,297,961

58,491,543

4,769,422

253,004

6,297,961

53,530,300

4,610,891

253,004

69,811,930

64,692,156

(413,930)

—

(2,414,275)

(2,828,205)

(413,930)

(37,783)

(11,742,382)

12,194,095

The loans to Group undertakings are repayable on demand and currently carry no interest, however there is currently no 
expectation of repayment within the next twelve months and therefore loans are treated as non-current.

Company

HM do Brasil Ltda

HM Brazil (IOM) Ltd

1 January 
2020 
£

Transfers
£

944,928

(2,173,475)

3,149,326

2,173,473

Horizonte Nickel (IOM) Ltd

35,641,959

17,409,339

Amounts 
advanced 
during year
£

283,619

524,962

479,003

Expected 
credit loss 
£

944,928

2020
£

—

450,200

6,297,961

Amounts 
advanced 
during year
£

—

—

— 53,530,300

4,961,243

Araguaia Niquel Metais Ltda

10,244,039 (11,434,152)

1,190,112

—

—

Horizonte Minerals (IOM) Ltd

253,004

—

—

— 253,004

Typhon Brasil Mineração Ltda

4,378,487

(7,967,759)

1,712,777

1,876,495

Trias Brasil Mineração Ltda

— (1,012,620)

— 1,012,620

—

—

—

—

—

—

Expected 
credit loss 
£

—

2021
£

—

— 6,297,961

— 58,491,543

—

—

— 253,004

—

—

—

—

Champol (IOM) Ltd

Cluny (IOM) Ltd

Total

— 4,150,055

1,274,283

(813,447)

4,610,891

186,507

(27,976)

4,769,422

801,403

(1,144,861)

— 343,458

—

—

—

—

55,413,146

— 5,464,746

3,814,254

64,692,156

5,147,750

(27,976) 69,811,930

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

The Gross and net intercompany loan position following the expected credit loss as each year end is set out below: 

Company

HM do Brasil Ltda

HM Brazil (IOM) Ltd

Horizonte Nickel (IOM) Ltd

Araguaia Niquel Metais Ltda

Horizonte Minerals (IOM) Ltd

Typhon Brasil Mineração Ltda

Trias Brasil Mineração Ltda

Champol (IOM) Ltd

Cluny (IOM) Ltd

Total

2021

Expected
credit loss 
£

Gross loan
£

Net loan
£

Gross loan
£

2020

Expected
credit loss 
£

Net loan
£

—

—

—

—

—

—

8,997,087

(2,699,126)

6,297,961

8,997,087

(2,699,126)

6,297,961

58,491,543

— 58,491,543

53,530,300

— 53,530,300

—

253,004

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

253,004

253,004

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

253,004

—

—

5,611,085

(841,663)

4,769,422

5,424,578

(813,687)

4,610,891

—

—

—

—

—

—

73,352,719

(3,540,789)

69,811,930

68,204,969

(3,512,813)

64,692,156

Impairment provisions for receivables and loans to related parties are recognised based on using the general approach to determine 
if there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition and whether the receivables and loans are credit 
impaired in accordance with IFRS9. 

The loan to the subsidiary companies, are classified as repayable on demand. IFRS 9 requires consideration of the expected credit 
risk associated with the loans. As the subsidiary companies do not have any liquid assets to sell to repay the loan, should it be 
recalled, the conclusion reached was that the loan should be categorised as credit impaired. 

As part of the assessment of expected credit losses of the intercompany loan receivable, the Directors have assessed the cash 
flows associated with a number of different recovery scenarios. This included consideration of the:

~ Exploration and development project risk, 
~ positive NPV of the Araguaia project as demonstrated by the Feasibility Study
~ positive NPV of the Vermelho Nickel Cobalt Project demonstrated by the Pre-Feasibility Study
~ ability to raise the finance to develop the projects
~ ability to sell the projects
~ market and technical risks relating to the projects
~ participation of the subsidiaries in the Araguaia project

The directors have concluded that certain amounts may not be fully recovered giving rise to the expected credit loss adjustment. 
After taking into consideration all of the above factors the rate of expected credit loss varies from 0% (2020: 0%) for the Araguaia 
project, to 30% (2020: 30%) for the receivables from HM Brazil and 15% (2020: 15%) for the Vermelho Project. The reduction 
in expected credit loss assessment for HM Brazil is due Araguaia’s the further progress towards development and continuing 
improving prospects for Vermelho. 

The credit loss allowance was assessed at the date of 31 December 2021.  There was no change in the expected credit loss 
allowance at the year end. 

31 COMMITMENTS
Capital expenditure contracted for at the end of the reporting period but not yet incurred is as follows:

Group

Intangible assets

2021
£

—

2020
£

7,314,000

Capital commitments relate to contractual commitments for metallurgical, economic and environmental evaluations by third 
parties. Once incurred these costs will be capitalised as intangible exploration asset additions. The contract relating to items 
of plant and equipment, which was the disclosed capital commitment at 31 December 2020, was completed in December 2021.  
Refer to note 17 for the details of the agreement concluded with Companhia Brasileira de Alumínio. At the time of this report 
the Group was in the process of concluding equipment purchase contracts which are key to the commencement of the Araguaia 
project construction.

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32 CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Other Contingencies
The Group believes that there are no substantive financial claims and legal proceedings against it as at 31 December 2021. As a 
result, no provision and no disclosure has been made in these financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021.

Strategic Report

Corporate Governance

Financial Statements

34 PARENT COMPANY GUARANTEE
Horizonte Minerals plc has, together with other group companies, provided a parent guarantee to Orion Mine Finance related to the 
$25 Million Royalty Financing arrangement granted by Nickel Production Services B.V. in respect of the project owned by Araguaia 
Níquel Metais Ltda during the financial year. The royalty payments are conditional upon entering into commercial production 
and therefore cannot become due until this is achieved. Horizonte Mineral plc’s obligation to pay under the guarantee only arises 
if Nickel Production Services B.V. as grantor of the royalty or any of the other provider of a parent guarantee fails to make any 
payment under the royalty agreement. The Company considers the probability of such scenarios to be minimal at the current 
stage of the business’ development and therefore any fair value assessment of such potential financial liability has been deemed 
to be immaterial.

35 EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING DATE
On 15 March 2022 Araguaia Niquel Metais LTDA, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Group entered into legally binding documentation 
including a comprehensive intercreditor agreement and loan agreements with two export credit agencies in relation its senior 
secured project finance debt facility of US$346.2 million. 

Fair Value
2021
£

Amortised
cost 2021
£

Total
2021
£

Fair Value
2020
£

Amortised
cost 2020 
£

Total
2020
£

— 156,186,302 156,186,302

— 10,935,563

10,935,563

3,672,924

— 3,672,924

1,756,553

— 1,756,553

The Senior Debt Facility will include the following:

~ Commercial senior facility of US$200,000,000 provided by the Senior Lenders;
~ ECA facility of US$74,562,000 guaranteed by EKF;
~ ECA facility of US$71,638,000 guaranteed by Finnvera;

First drawdown under the Senior Debt Facility is expected to occur in the fourth quarter of 2022 following satisfaction of certain 
conditions precedent customary for transactions of this nature.

On 15 March 2022 Horizonte Minerals confirmed the satisfaction of material conditions precedent in relation to the US$ 65 million 
Convertible Loan Note with full draw down on this expected to follow shortly afterwards. 

On 15 March 2022 Horizonte signed binding loan documentation in relation to a US$25 million Cost Overrun Facility (“COF”). 
Entering into the COF is a condition precedent to first drawdown under the Senior Debt Facility. The COF will be available for 
drawdown in the case of a cost overrun against the construction schedule and budget, subject to certain conditions including the 
Company having deployed 90% of the funding from the equity fundraise and convertible notes toward the construction of the 
Araguaia ferronickel project.

3,672,924 156,186,302 160,755,145

1,756,553

11,206,103

12,962,656

Amortised cost

2021
£

147,359,029

69,811,930

226,934,559

2020
£

5,308,954

64,692,156

70,097,306

Amortised cost

2021
£

16,460,143

4,996,761

4,062,876

33,016,624

58,536,404

Amortised cost

2021
£

12,081,730

4,996,761

2,828,205

19,906,696

2020
£

632,407

5,927,025

—

22,053,341

28,612,773

2020
£

694,110

5,927,025

11,780,164

18,401,299

33 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial Assets

Group

Cash and cash equivalents

Derivative financial asset

Total

Company

Cash and cash equivalents

Loans to subsidiaries

Total

Financial Liabilities

Group

Trade and other payables

Contingent consideration

Deferred consideration

Royalty Finance

Total

Company

Trade and other payables

Contingent consideration

Loans from subsidiary

Total

Financial instruments not measured at fair value includes cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, trade and other 
payables, and, contingent and deferred consideration which are discounted.

96

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

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97

STATUTORY INFORMATION

DIRECTORS
David John Hall (Non-Executive Chairman)
Jeremy John Martin (Chief Executive Officer)
William James Fisher (Non-Executive Director)
Allan Michael Walker (Non-Executive Director)
Sepanta Dorri (Non-Executive Director)
Owen Alexander Bavinton (Non-Executive Director)
Gillian Davidson (Non-Executive Director)
Vincent Benoit (Non-Executive Director)

COMPANY SECRETARY
Simon James Retter

COMPANY NUMBER
05676866

Registered Office
Horizonte Minerals Plc 
Rex House 
4-12 Regents Street
London SW1Y 4RG
United Kingdom

NOMINATED ADVISER AND BROKER
Peel Hunt LLP
100 Liverpool Street
London EC2M 2AT
United Kingdom 

JOINT BROKER 
BMO Capital Markets Limited
95 Queen Victoria St
London EC4V 4HG
United Kingdom

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR
BDO LLP
55 Baker Street
Marylebone
London W1U 7EU
United Kingdom

SOLICITORS TO THE COMPANY

As to English law:
Norton Rose Fulbright LLP
3 More London Riverside
London
SE1 2AQ

Gowling WLG (UK) LLP
4 More London Riverside
London,
SE1 2AU

As to Canadian law:
Cassels Brock and Blackwell LLP
2100 Scotia Plaza
Toronto ON
M5H 3C2
Canada

As to Brazilian law:
Freitas Ferraz Advogados
Rua Santa Rita Durao, 1143, 
7 Andar Savassi, 
CEP 30.140-118
Brazil 

REGISTRAR

For shares listed on the London Stock Exchange:
Computershare Investor Services (Ireland) Limited 
3100 Lake Drive
Citywest Business Campus 
Dublin 24 
D24 AK82 
Ireland

For shares listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange:
Computershare Investor Services Inc.
100 University Avenue
8th Floor
Toronto ON
M5J 2Y1
Canada

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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS

Horizonte Minerals Plc, Rex House, 4-12 Regents Street, London SW1Y 4RG, United Kingdom
T.  +44 (0)203 356 2901  E. info@horizonteminerals.com   www.horizonteminerals.com

Horizonte Minerals Plc, Rex House, 4-12 Regents Street, London, SW1Y 4RG, United Kingdom
+44 (0)203 356 2901 • info@horizonteminerals.com • www.horizonteminerals.com

100
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2021 REPORT AND ACCOUNTS