Quarterlytics / Consumer Cyclical / Packaging & Containers / Infineon / FY2019 Annual Report

Infineon
Annual Report 2019

IFX · TSX-V Consumer Cyclical
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Ticker IFX
Exchange TSX-V
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Packaging & Containers
Employees 201-500
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FY2019 Annual Report · Infineon
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ANNUAL
REPORT
2019

IN  ALL  SUCCESSFUL  BUSINESSES 

THE  KEY  TO  SUCCESS  RELIES  

ON  MANAGEMENT’S  ABILITY  TO  

MASTER  THREE  FUNDAMENTALS:

• COMMITMENT TO CUSTOMER

• CLEAR VISION OF GOALS

• CORRECT TIMING OF ACTIONS

OUR SENIOR MANAGEMENT  

TEAM KNOWS, UNDERSTANDS 

AND LIVES BY THESE  

BUSINESS FUNDAMENTALS.

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

PREFACE 

This  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis  (MD&A)  comments  on  Imaflex  Inc.’s  (the  “Parent  Company”)  operations, 
financial performance, financial condition, future outlook and other matters for the three-month periods and years ended 
December 31, 2019 and 2018.  Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “Imaflex”, “Company”, “Corporation”, “we”, “our”, 
and “us” all refer to Imaflex Inc., together with its divisions Canguard Packaging and Canslit, along with its wholly owned 
subsidiary, Imaflex USA Inc.  All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation. 

This MD&A also provides information to improve the reader’s understanding of the accompanying  audited consolidated 
financial statements and related notes.  It should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements for 
the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  

Unless otherwise indicated, all financial data in this document  was prepared in accordance with International  Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and all amounts in tables 
are  expressed  in  thousands  of  Canadian  dollars  unless  otherwise  indicated.  Differences  may  occur  due  to  rounding  of 
amounts.  We also use financial measures that are not  defined by IFRS.  Please refer  to the section entitled “Non-IFRS 
Financial Measures” for a complete description of these measures.   

This  MD&A  was  reviewed  by  Imaflex’s  Audit  Committee  and  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on  April  16,  2020.  
Disclosure contained within it is current to that date, unless otherwise indicated.    

Additional information on Imaflex is available on our website at www.imaflex.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.  

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES   

The Company’s significant  accounting policies, including the Company’s accounting policies under IFRS, are disclosed in 
note 2, Significant accounting policies of the audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018.    

IFRS 16, Leases 
Effective January 1, 2019, Imaflex adopted IFRS 16, Leases, (“IFRS 16”) as described in note 2.18 to the audited consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.  Under IFRS 16, which replaces IAS 17, lessees are 
required to account for leases on their balance sheet by recognizing a “right of use” asset and a lease liability, essentially 
removing the distinction between an operating and finance lease.  Certain exemptions exist for short-term leases and leases 
of low value assets.  Imaflex applied the modified retrospective method of application and as such, comparative prior-year 
information has not been restated.   

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS 

From time to time, we make forward-looking statements within the meaning of  Canadian Securities laws, including the 
“safe harbor” provisions of the Securities Act (Ontario).  We may make such statements in this document, in other filings 
with  Canadian  regulators,  in  reports  to  shareholders  or  in  other  communications.    These  forward-looking  statements 
include, amongst others, statements regarding the business and anticipated financial performance of the Company.  The 
words “may”, “could”, “should”, “would”,  “outlook”, “believe”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “objective”, the 
use  of  the  conditional  tense  and  words  and  expressions  of  similar  nature  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking 
statements. 

By their very nature, forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, both general and specific, which 
give  rise  to  the  possibility  that  predictions,  forecasts,  projections  and  other  forward-looking  statements  will  not  be 
achieved. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on these statements, as a number of important factors could 
cause our actual results to differ materially from the beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations, anticipations, estimates and 
intentions expressed in such forward-looking statements.  These factors include, but are not limited to, the length and 
severity of an economic downturn, management of credit, market dynamics, liquidity, funding and operational risks; the  

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS (continued) 

strength of the Canadian and U.S. economies in which we conduct business; the impact of the movement of the Canadian 
dollar  relative  to  other  currencies,  particularly  the  U.S.  dollar;  the  effects  of  changes  in  interest  rates;  the  effects  of 
competition in the markets in which we operate; our ability to successfully align our organization, resources, and processes; 
the availability and price of raw materials; failure to achieve planned growth associated with the U.S. operations and future 
sales;  changes  in  accounting  policies  and  methods  we  use  to  report  our  financial  condition,  including  uncertainties 
associated with critical accounting assumptions and estimates; operational and infrastructure risks; and other factors that 
may affect future results including, but not limited to, timely development and introduction of new products and services; 
changes  in  tax  laws,  technological  changes,  new  regulations;  the  possible  impact  on  our  businesses  from  public-health 
emergencies, international conflicts and other developments; and our success in anticipating and managing the foregoing 
risks. 

We caution our readers that the previous list of important factors that may affect future results is not exhaustive.  When 
relying on our forward-looking statements to make decisions with respect to the Company, investors and others should 
carefully consider the foregoing factors and other uncertainties and potential events.  Unless otherwise required by the 
securities authorities, we do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that may be made from time to time 
by  us  or  on  our  behalf.  The  forward-looking  statements  contained  herein  are  based  on  information  available  as  of  
April 16, 2020. 

COMPANY OVERVIEW 

lmaflex is focused on the development and manufacturing of innovative solutions for the flexible packaging and agricultural 
markets.  The  Company's  flexible  packaging  products  are  largely  used  to  protect  and  preserve  and  consist  primarily  of 
polyethylene (plastic)  films and bags, and metalized films. Our polyethylene films are  mainly sold to printers known as 
"converters", who process the film into a finished product to meet their end-customer needs.  Additionally, our films are 
sold directly to customers to protect and market their own products, or bought by distributors for re-sale. 

Our agricultural films are finished products, predominantly sold directly to end-users by lmaflex.  They are available in a 
variety of formats and include both metalized and non-metalized films.  Our portfolio includes common mulch and fumigant 
barrier  films,  which  are  also  available  in  a  compostable  plastic,  as  well  as  innovative  crop  protection  films,  that  add 
pest/weed control and/or accelerated growth benefits beyond those provided by our common mulch films.  

Imaflex  operates  three  manufacturing  facilities.  Two  are  located  in  the  province  of  Quebec,  including  Montreal 
(Imaflex Inc.) and Victoriaville (Canguard and Canslit), and one is located in Thomasville, North Carolina, USA (Imaflex USA). 
The Company also has a warehouse in Thomasville. The four facilities cover a total area of approximately 23,412 square 
meters  or  252,000  square  feet.  lmaflex  and  lmaflex  USA  specialize  in  the  manufacturing  and  sale  of  custom-made 
polyethylene films and bags, along with non-metalized agricultural films. Canguard specializes in the manufacturing and 
sale  of  polyethylene  garbage  bags,  while  Canslit  specializes  in  the  metallization  of  plastic  film.  We  believe  that  our 
manufacturing  presence  in  both  Canada  and  the  United  States  provides  a  competitive  advantage  in  terms  of  logistics, 
currency, manufacturing flexibility and cost leadership. 

The common shares of the Parent Company, Imaflex Inc., are listed on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “IFX”.  
The Company’s head office is located in Montréal (Québec). 

GROWTH STRATEGY 

Imaflex’s history attests to its management’s ability to successfully adapt to prevailing and continuously changing market 
conditions. Management believes that success will also lie in the ability to properly manage future growth whether it comes 
from new markets and products, acquisitions, mergers, or a combination of any or all three.  This success will depend on 
the Company’s ability to seek out new opportunities and to position itself such that it will be able to take advantage of 
them when they present themselves.  Past decisions have been made bearing this in mind and the Company is now in a 
better position to make this happen. 

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

GROWTH STRATEGY (continued) 

Management believes the following initiatives will contribute to Imaflex’s long-term growth: 

Strengthen and Grow the Core  
We will continue to strengthen the core flexible packaging business. This includes revenue growth and margin expansion 
through higher production volumes geared towards the most profitable markets and products, along with a focus on lean 
operations  (minimizing  scrap,  reducing  production  set-up  times,  etc.).    In  addition  to  growing  organically,  we  will  also 
consider strategic acquisitions that make sense in terms of complementary fit, cost and ease of integration.   

Grow the Agriculture Business  
We will continue to build-out our agriculture business, driving awareness and exposure for our advanced crop protection 
products, particularly our unique film, Shine N’ Ripe XL and our patented film, ADVASEAL® (under development).  Our crop 
protection films are mulch films surface coated with either metallic aluminum and/or chemical/biological active substances 
aimed to protect plants from disease transmitting insects, to limit the growth of soil borne pests and weeds and/or to 
accelerate the growth and yield of plants. 

Shine N’ Ripe XL – Citrus Film 
Shine N’ Ripe XL is a  long-lasting, heavy-duty, highly-reflective  metalized mulch film designed specifically to fight citrus 
greening  (HLB),  a  bacterial  disease  transmitted  by  the  Asian  Citrus  Psyllid  (ACP).  HLB  has  devastated  the  global  citrus 
industry, causing deformed off-flavored fruits, low yields and inevitably early tree death.  Common insecticides have proven 
to be ineffective in preventing HLB infestation in newly planted citrus groves. 

Shine N' Ripe XL’s unique ability to reflect up to 80% of solar ultraviolet (UV) light intercepts the ACP and hence helps deter 
HLB infestation in young citrus trees. In addition, Shine N' Ripe XL significantly increases tree growth and yield by providing 
more sunlight to the lower tree parts, usually hidden in the canopy’s shadow. Importantly, Shine N' Ripe XL also significantly 
suppresses  weeds and reduces  water and fertilizer  consumption compared to traditional growing  methods.    The  film’s 
proprietary anti-corrosion coating has also been shown to maintain its initial high UV reflectivity for at least 3 years, making 
it one of the most environmentally-friendly and economically-viable tools for coping with citrus greening.  

A multi-year trial conducted by the Florida Research Centre for Agricultural Sustainability (FLARES), repeatedly found that 
Shine N’ Ripe XL demonstrated clear benefits over conventional production practices.  In their January 2018 Florida Citrus 
Show presentation, FLARES reported that although approximately four years had passed since the trial began, trees planted 
with Shine N’ Ripe XL continued to show less impact from citrus greening (“HLB”) versus other treatments.  As well, material 
on-going benefits continued in crop yields, resulting in a significantly shorter pay-back time for citrus growers.  In both year 
three and year four, crops using Imaflex’s film remained the only ones in the comparative group with a positive net return 
on invested capital.  This ensued despite the higher initial investment costs for land preparation and installation associated 
with the metalized film’s use. 

Imaflex is dedicated to the film’s success given the proven benefits it offers growers worldwide in crop protection, tree 
growth and yield enhancement.  This said, uncertainties on the timing of its buildout exist as the take-up rate to date has 
been lower than expected.  

ADVASEAL® 
Today,  agricultural  films  are  used  in  the  growing  of  fresh  fruits  and  vegetables  worldwide  to  cover  soil  treated  with 
fumigants  – volatile and toxic pesticides essential for reducing pests, weeds and fungi in the soil, thus supporting good 
growth of new crop seedlings.  Currently, fumigants offer the greatest efficacy for soil disinfestation, but they also have the 
highest health and environmental risk due to their volatility, toxicity and required application rates that can run into the 
hundreds of pounds per acre.   

The  original  U.S.  Environmental  Protection  Agency  (EPA)  approved  ADVASEAL®  (ADVASEAL®  HSM)  contained  only  an 
herbicide for weed control.  The new enhanced ADVASEAL®, which is under development, also includes three fungicides 
and  a  nematicide  to  control  soil  borne  pathogens,  thus  becoming  a  complete  non-fumigant  alternative  for  soil 
disinfestation.  With ADVASEAL®, these modern non-volatile crop protection products can be applied more effectively and 
safely than with fumigants.  The crop protection products are incorporated into a coating, which is then applied to a mulch  

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

GROWTH STRATEGY (continued) 

Grow the Agriculture Business (continued) 

film.    Once  the  coated  film  is  applied  to  the  ground,  the  active  ingredients  are  released  into  the  soil  under  controlled 
conditions,  preventing  the  over/under-dosing  found  with  current  soil  disinfestation  practices.    This  new  technology 
dramatically reduces the amount of crop protection products required.  The catalyst to trigger the release of the active 
ingredients is soil moisture.  When the film is applied to the soil, the active ingredients are efficiently and safely discharged 
into the ground, resulting in heightened productivity, lower costs and notable environmental benefits.   The  underlying 
technology is patent-protected in the top 20 major vegetable and fruit producing countries worldwide until 2028. 

ADVASEAL® is safe to transport, store and handle and its application is emission-free, eliminating the risk of inhalation and 
environmental  damage  present  with  the  drift  of  fumigants  under  current  agricultural  practices.    In  addition  to  being 
environmentally friendly, management estimates that ADVASEAL® will provide significant savings to growers depending on 
the crop and fumigants currently being used.  ADVASEAL® permits the precise application of a low dose of crop protection 
products, which should improve crop quality and yields.  Management estimates that ADVASEAL® will reduce the chemicals 
required by over 95% and eliminate many of the costly work-steps currently being used.  Collectively, this puts Imaflex in a 
good position to capture market share worldwide as ADVASEAL® is commercialized. 

Maintain focus on Research and Development  
We  will  maintain  our  focus  on  enhancing  the  customer  value  proposition,  while  developing  new  capabilities  and  
leading-edge products for highly profitable niche markets.  This will help support the build-out of our core flexible packaging 
product portfolio.  The Company’s research teams use the fields in which they have core-competencies in order to identify 
innovative improvements and solutions where chemicals and polymers can offer added-value. 

Maintain Efficiency of Equipment   
Finally, we will focus on the efficiency of our equipment, making the required capital investments to maintain, upgrade and 
expand into new areas.  Our commitment to make the required investments, and our ability to deliver customized solutions, 
on-time  and  at  competitive  prices  should  help  to  drive  revenue  and  margin  expansion,  while  allowing  us  to  remain 
competitive in the marketplace.  

MARKET OVERVIEW  

The North American flexible packaging market is valued at approximately US $29 billion. Although this market is highly 
fragmented and commoditized in terms of pricing, there are niches within the space that offer opportunity for increased 
profitability.  In 2019, Imaflex was once again ranked in the top 100 North American film and sheet manufacturers by sales. 

The  total  addressable  global  agriculture  mulch  film  market,  excluding  silage  and  green  house  films,  is  valued  at 
approximately US $3.5 billion.  The Company has and continues to develop innovative and proprietary solutions for this 
important market.  Going forward, Imaflex hopes to capture a much larger share of the agriculture film market due to its 
advanced crop protection and yield enhancement products, such as ADVASEAL®.  Management believes the value of the 
global addressable market for an active ingredient release film like ADVASEAL® will be much larger than that for traditional 
mulch films.  In the U.S. alone, the Company estimates that approximately 130 million pounds of mulch film is being used, 
resulting in an estimated total addressable market for ADVASEAL® of approximately US $750 million. 

With growing concerns over the scarcity of resources, the environment, lower crop yields due to disease, and a rising global 
population, the Company believes that the macro-environment is also working in its favour.  Sustainability and intelligent 
farming are becoming increasingly important and growers are increasingly turning to other industries to help them do more 
with less. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

ADVASEAL® COMMERCIALIZATION 

Imaflex successfully completed the design of a new coating line, customized specifically for the cost effective production 
of ADVASEAL®.  In addition, the Company sourced all the active ingredients (herbicide, nematicide and fungicides) to be 
coated on the film.    

In order to obtain sufficient quantities of ADVASEAL® film for field trials, the Company also worked closely with FUJIFILM 
Manufacturing  U.S.A.  Inc.  (FUJIFILM)  on  the  development  of  the  coating  process  for  the  active  ingredient  mixture.    In 
February 2020, Imaflex obtained sufficient quantities of ADVASEAL and subsequently commenced an Efficacy Field Trial.  
The  trial  is  evaluating  ADVASEAL®’s  ability  to  release  its  crop  protection  products  into  the  soil  and  achieve  soil 
disinfestation, prior  to planting tomato seedlings.   Concurrently, the trial is monitoring plant  growth, yield and quality, 
compared to a crop grown under the current best Florida grower standard for fresh tomato production using fumigants.  
The  tomato  plant  was  chosen  as  a  model  crop,  because  it  is  one  of  the  most  widely  grown  vegetables  in  the  world.  
Furthermore, if high yields can be achieved using ADVASEAL® with tomato plants, it can likely be used to produce high 
yields for most other fruits and vegetables that require pre-plant soil disinfestation with fumigants.  

On March 31, 2020, Imaflex announced positive interim results for the Efficacy Trial.  Independent analytical lab results of 
ADVASEAL®  samples  collected  at  the  trial  site,  in  the  three-week  period  following  the  film  being  laid  on  the  ground, 
indicated that the active ingredients were being released into the soil in the desired manner.   Full trial results, including 
plant growth, yield and quality for both the ADVASEAL® test crop and grower reference will be released once the growing 
season is complete and the independent report is available.   

Given the positive interim results, the Corporation intends to continue its pre-registration meetings with the EPA and will 
meet them to discuss results and next steps for the timely registration of ADVASEAL® as a new pesticide.  The will include 
discussions on the design of a trial to determine the exact timing for the complete release of each active ingredient used 
with ADVASEAL®.  This is required to show compliance with the pre-harvest interval legally established by the EPA for each 
pesticide used, which is essentially the wait time between ADVASEAL®’s application on the soil and when a crop can first 
be harvested for safe human consumption.  

Management believes the trials and pesticide registration process will be positive as the generic active ingredients to be 
used with ADVASEAL are effectively used by growers today.  As well, the Company previously received EPA approval of its 
herbicidal active ingredient release film, ADVASEAL® HSM. 

COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT 

Although competition is high in all of our markets, Imaflex operates in a multi-billion dollar industry with a multitude of 
product  opportunities.    Flexible  packaging  alone  is  used  in  almost  every  consumer  market  to  protect  and  preserve.  
Additionally, many of the Company’s customers deal in food related products, which are somewhat recession resistant. 

Imaflex believes it has a competitive edge since it is recognized as being an industry leader in the development of innovative 
solutions.  The Company focuses on offering customers unique high quality products on a timely basis and at competitive 
prices.  A key strength of ours is the ability to take on smaller orders with short lead times.  Collectively, this helps create 
customer loyalty.    

Some competitors, experiencing idle operations or producing at below average capacity levels, may attempt to gain market 
share through reduced pricing, particularly during difficult economic times.  Imaflex still believes that maintaining its focus 
on the quality of its products and the excellence of its customer service remains its best long-term strategy, as these two 
characteristics define our position and reputation in the market, and this regardless of the fluctuations in the economic 
cycle.  This strategy has been the backbone of our growth and it has served us well.   

We employ a staff of chemical & polymer engineers and a chemist, which allows us to develop unique solutions.  In our 
markets,  we  believe  it  is  essential  to  sell  value-added  products  and  avoid  producing  highly  commoditized  offerings 
generating lower margins.  The key to this strategy is identifying and building relationships with customers having specific 
needs and eventually developing products that address them. Our sales force is mandated to seek out such clients and the  

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT (continued) 

Company works to ensure its sales team is technically accomplished and equipped to properly communicate the advantages 
of all products.  

EMPLOYEES AND CORPORATE OFFICE 

Imaflex currently employs approximately 234 people in North America, including those at our corporate head office located 
in Montreal, Canada.  The Company currently has no unionized employees.   

OUTSOURCING 

Our  industry  is  capital  intensive  and  labour  is  only  a  minor  component  in  the  total  cost  of  production.  As  a  result, 
outsourcing our manufacturing to countries with lower wages would not have a material impact on costs, especially when 
factoring in expenses related to freight and duty.  Furthermore, the risks associated with relinquishing our control over 
quality and delays in delivery deadlines would far outweigh any minimal benefit that would be generated by lower labour 
costs. 

However,  in  the  effort  of  eliminating  bottlenecks  in  our  production  process  when  our  capacity  usage  is  very  high, 
management may consider the use of third-party (toll) manufacturers for certain activities in order to meet all production 
deadlines and ensure the best service to our customers. 

RISK FACTORS 

The  Company  is  involved  in  a  competitive  industry  and  marketplace  in  which  there  are  a  number  of  participants.    To 
accommodate  and  effectively  manage  future  growth,  Imaflex  continues  to  improve  its  operational,  financial  and 
management information systems, as well as its production procedures and controls.  Our success is largely the result of 
the continued contributions of our employees and the Company’s ability to attract and retain qualified management, sales 
and operational personnel. 

The overall market we compete in has historically shown resiliency and growth, even during difficult economic times.  Our 
customers  predominantly  operate  in  the  food  packaging  and  agriculture  markets,  which  are  somewhat  resilient  to 
recessionary and seasonal pressures.  This fact, coupled with expanding product lines and the introduction of newer and 
faster  equipment,  should  help  Imaflex  weather  any  potential  volatility  caused  by  uncertainty  in  the  North  American 
economic climate. 

Factors which can impact the Company include, but are not limited to: management of credit, market dynamics, liquidity, 
funding and operational risks; the strength of the Canadian and U.S. economies in which we conduct business; the impact 
from movement of the Canadian dollar relative to other currencies, particularly the U.S. dollar; the effects of changes in 
interest  rates;  the  effects  of  competition  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate;  our  ability  to  successfully  align  our 
organization,  resources,  and  processes;  the  availability  and  price  of  raw  materials;  failure  to  achieve  planned  growth 
associated with the U.S. operations; changes in accounting policies and methods we use to report our financial condition, 
including uncertainties associated with critical accounting assumptions and estimates; operational and infrastructure risks;  
other factors may affect future results including, but not limited to, timely development and introduction of new products 
and services; changes in tax laws, technological changes and new regulations; the possible impact on our businesses from 
public-health emergencies, international conflicts and other developments; and our success in anticipating and managing 
the foregoing risks. 

GENERAL SITUATION OF THE POLYETHYLENE BLOWN FILM MARKET – RESIN PRICING 

Given the current geopolitical events surrounding oil, the impact of COVID-19 and expected capacity increases from new 
plants coming on stream, Imaflex  expects resin  prices to  remain flat  to down  for the immediate future.  However,  any 
unexpected supply chain disruptions would give reason for resin producers to raise prices further.  Since Imaflex does not 
have major long-term contracts with its customers, resin price fluctuations are typically passed along to them.   

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

LOSS OF BUSINESS FROM A SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER 

One of our business practices has been to limit the purchases by any particular customer to less than 10% of our revenues. 
This strategy helps ensure that our profitability and financial well-being are not dependent on any one client.   

COMPETITION FROM OTHER COMPANIES 

Imaflex operates in the highly competitive multi-billion dollar flexible packaging and agricultural film markets. This said, we 
believe the Company has a competitive edge over the competition due to our highly skilled teams that are quick to respond 
to  customer  needs,  a  diversified  manufacturing  base  and  the  fact  that  the  bulk  of  our  customers  deal  in  food  related 
products which are less subject to recessionary and seasonal pressures. It may not always translate into greater net profit, 
but it should result in customer loyalty if we decide to match our competitors’ prices.   

SEASONALITY OF OPERATIONS 

Certain products  made at  our Victoriaville and Thomasville facilities are subject to  some  seasonality  due to the plant’s 
partial manufacturing focus on the production of agriculture film for fruit and vegetable growers.  Inventory is managed in 
a  way  to  optimize  cash  flow,  while  also  remaining  capable  to  seize  market  opportunities  that  may  arise.    Since  these 
locations  also  manufacture  products  that  are  destined  for  other  markets,  they  are  not  overly  affected  by  seasonal 
downturns. 

EXPOSURE TO PRODUCT LIABILITY 

Due  to  the  nature  of  our  operations,  which  consist  primarily  of  manufacturing  polyethylene  film  for  converters,  who 
process film into a finished product for their end-customers, Imaflex’s exposure to product liability is low.  Furthermore, 
the Corporation is not exposed to liability for personal injury or death arising from negligence in the manufacturing of the 
films. 

The only market segment that exposes the Company to potential product liability claims is the agriculture space.  In this 
market, proof of negligence in our manufacturing process could entail some form of compensation in the event that the 
expected crop yields do not materialize.  

Although the likelihood of a claim in this market is low, we are nonetheless covered by a product liability insurance policy 
in the amount of $25,000,000. 

FLUCTUATIONS IN OPERATING RESULTS 

It is important to note that profitability may vary from quarter to quarter, irrespective of quarterly sales. This is due to 
many factors, including and not limited to: competitive conditions in the businesses in which Imaflex participates; general  
economic environment and normal business uncertainty; product mix; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; the 
availability and costs of raw materials; changes in  Imaflex’s relationship with its suppliers; planned plant shutdowns for 
preventative maintenance affecting production levels; and interest rate fluctuations along with other changes in borrowing 
costs. 

EXPOSURE TO INTEREST RATE FLUCTUATIONS 

The Company’s borrowings, which bear interest at a variable rate, have some interest rate risk.  Management assesses its 
exposure to interest rate fluctuations and decides whether it may be favourable to enter into contracts to hedge this risk 
based  on  expected  future  movements  and  available  economic  data.  Interest  rate  hikes,  including  those  seen  in  recent 
quarters, may affect the Company’s future cost of borrowing.  However, management is currently not hedging its interest 
rate exposure and expects this exposure to lessen as the outstanding balance on its long-term borrowings decreases. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

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MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

ABILITY TO ATTRACT AND RETAIN QUALIFIED PERSONNEL 

Imaflex’s  core  operational  management  team  has  been  historically  stable  and  the  Company  was  able  to  keep  key 
competencies within the firm.  This includes its three founders, who have more than 100 years of combined experience in 
management and research and development.  As Imaflex has grown, it has also strengthened its team, adding individuals 
having a variety of competencies, such as accounting, operations, or engineering.   

Management  promotes  a  work  environment  that  allows  for  the  free  exchange  of  ideas  in  an  effort  to  ensure  that the 
Company  remains  at  the  forefront  of  its  industry.  Management  is  confident  that  it  can  retain  and,  if  need  be,  attract 
qualified individuals that will contribute to its on-going goal of building shareholder value. 

FOREIGN EXCHANGE FLUCTUATIONS 

Some of the Company’s sales and expenses, as well as accounts receivable and payable, are denominated in US dollars.  A 
portion of the revenue stream in US dollars acts as a natural hedge to cover US denominated expenses.  Imaflex can also 
borrow  funds  on  its  line  of  credit  in  US  dollars.    The  Company  has  increased  its  debt  in  US  dollars  in  order  to  obtain 
additional revenues in US dollars.  As this additional U.S. business fully materializes, the Company’s exposure to foreign 
currency should be managed naturally.  Management continuously assesses its exposure to such risk and the Company 
does not currently use any financial instruments to hedge its foreign currency position. 

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS 

The Company’s raw materials, processes and finished goods do not have any hazardous implications. However, we do buy 
a few items which are used in our production equipment, such as cooling products, which may be hazardous, but their use 
and handling are controlled. Though these products actually pose little risk, they are handled in a manner that fully complies 
with existing safety regulations.  

NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES 

The Company’s management uses a non-IFRS financial measure in this MD&A, namely EBITDA, to assess its performance.  
EBITDA is determined as “Earnings before interest, taxes,  depreciation and amortization”. The reader  may refer to the 
following table for the reconciliation of the Company’s EBITDA to its reported net income. 

Reconciliation of EBITDA to net income: 

($ thousands, except per share data) 

Net income 
Plus: 
Income taxes 
Finance costs 
Depreciation and amortization 
EBITDA1 

Basic EBITDA per share2  
Diluted EBITDA per share2  

Three months ended 
December 31, 

Years ended 
December 31, 

            2019 

            2018 

            2019 

            2018 

 303  

 $ 556 

 $ 1,536 

 $ 3,550 

79 
187 
895 
$ 1,464 

$ 0.03 
$ 0.03 

411 
170 
657 
$ 1,794 

$ 0.04 
$ 0.04 

678 
729 
3,330 
$ 6,273 

$ 0.13 
$ 0.12 

1,477 
571 
2,201 
$ 7,799 

$ 0.16 
$ 0.15 

(1) Excluding the impact of IFRS 16 Leases, EBITDA was $1.2 million for the quarter and $5.1 million for the year ended 
December 31, 2019. 
(2) Basic weighted  average number of shares outstanding of 50,013,637 for the  quarter and year  ended  December  31, 
2019.  This compares to basic weighted average number of shares outstanding of 50,013,637 for the three-month period 
ended December 31, 2018 and 49,915,829 for the year ended December 31, 2018.   Diluted weighted average number of  

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

8 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES (continued) 

shares outstanding of 50,563,269 for the quarter ended December 31, 2019 (51,031,396 in 2018) and 50,684,870 for the 
year ended December 31, 2019 (51,067,300 in 2018). 

While EBITDA is not a standard IFRS measure, management, analysts, investors and others use it as an indicator of the 
Company’s financial and operating management and performance.  EBITDA should not be construed as an alternative to 
net income determined in accordance with IFRS as an indicator of the Company’s performance. The Company’s method of 
calculating EBITDA may be different from those used by other companies and accordingly it should not be considered in 
isolation. 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

During  2019,  Imaflex  continued  to  attract  and  retain  customers,  albeit  at  lower  than  historical  sales  prices,  due  to  a 
competitive pricing environment and decreased resin costs.  Revenues, profitability and cash flows were respectable versus 
2018, particularly given the impact of currency fluctuations on 2019 profitability compared to the prior year.        

($ thousands) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Sales 

$18,740 

$22,472 

$81,071 

$86,332 

Revenues were $18.7 million for the fourth quarter of 2019, down 16.6% from $22.5 million in 2018.  The decrease largely 
reflects the impact on product pricing resulting from competitive pressures and lower resin prices.  As well, sales of the 
Corporation’s high margin citrus film were $nil for the current quarter, versus $1.4 million in 2018.  Excluding citrus film 
sales, revenues were down 11.1% versus 2018.  

Fiscal 2019 sales totaled $81.1 million, down 6.1% from $86.3 million in the prior year.  The decrease from 2018 was mainly 
due to the same variables outlined for the quarter, partially offset by favourable movements in foreign exchange.  Citrus 
film sales totaled $0.9 million in 2019, down from $2.8 million in 2018.  Excluding citrus film sales, revenues were down 
4.0% year-over-year.     

($ thousands) 

Gross Profit ($) before amortization of   
   production equipment 

Gross Profit before amortization of  
   production equipment (%) 
Amortization of production equipment 
Gross profit ($) 
Gross profit (%) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

$3,449 

$2,361 

$14,008 

$12,684 

18.4% 

10.5% 

17.3% 

14.7% 

802 
$2,647 
14.1% 

589 
$1,772 
7.9% 

3,056 
$10,952 
13.5% 

1,920 
$10,764 
12.5% 

Gross profit before the amortization of production equipment was $3.4 million or 18.4% of sales in the fourth quarter of 
2019,  up  from  $2.4  million  and  10.5%  of  sales  in  2018.    Similarly,  the  quarterly  gross  profit  including  amortization  of 
production equipment, was up year-over-year, coming in at $2.6 million or 14.1% of sales for the current quarter, versus 
$1.8 million and 7.9% of sales in the fourth quarter of 2018.  In the fourth quarter of 2018, the gross profit before and after 
amortization of production equipment, was particularly impacted by resin price fluctuations.    Resin price decreases are 
normally reflected immediately in product pricing for Imaflex’s customers, while increases usually take about 30 days to be 
priced in.  As such the effect of a resin price decrease is that an immediate opportunity loss is incurred with respect to resin  

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) 

inventory previously purchased when resin prices were higher.  As well, the 2019 quarterly gross margin benefited from a 
year-over-year decrease in certain variable costs, such as transportation.   

For fiscal 2019, the gross profit before amortization of production equipment was $14.0 million or 17.3% of sales, up from 
$12.7 million or 14.7% of sales in 2018.  The corresponding gross profit including amortization expenses was $11.0 million 
or  13.5%  of  sales,  versus  $10.8  million  and  12.5%  of  sales  in  2018.  The  year-over-year  improvement  before  and  after 
amortization of production equipment is largely attributable to the aforementioned quarterly variance explanation relating 
to resin pricing.    

($ thousands) 

Selling and administrative 

As a % of sales 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

$1,676 

8.9% 

$1,490 

6.6% 

$7,042 

8.7% 

2018 

$6,493 

7.5% 

Selling and administrative expenses were $1.7 million or 8.9% of sales in the fourth quarter of 2019, up from $1.5 million 
and 6.6% of sales in 2018.  Fiscal 2019 expenses came in at $7.0 million or 8.7% of sales, compared to $6.5 million and 7.5% 
of sales in the corresponding prior-year period.  The year-over-year increases for the quarter and year-to-date were mainly 
driven by an expanded sales team to stimulate demand for Imaflex’s products and new production equipment, namely the 
five layer extruder.   

($ thousands) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

Finance costs 

$187 

$170 

$729 

2018 

$571 

Finance costs were $187 thousand for the current quarter, versus $170 thousand in 2018.  For fiscal 2019, finance costs 
totaled $729 thousand, up from $571 thousand in calendar 2018.   The aforesaid year-over-year increases were largely due  
to the incremental interest accretion on lease liabilities resulting from the adoption of IFRS 16 and increases in long term 
debt associated with major equipment purchases, namely the five layer extruder.     

($ thousands) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Foreign exchange losses/(gains) 

$374 

($886) 

$872 

($1,340) 

Due to unfavourable currency fluctuations, Imaflex recorded a foreign exchange loss of $0.4 million in the fourth quarter 
of 2019, versus a $0.9 million gain in 2018.  This resulted in a negative $1.3 million year-over-year variance.    

For fiscal 2019, the Corporation similarly recorded a foreign exchange loss, versus a gain in 2018, resulting in a $2.2 million 
negative  year-over-year  variance.    The  majority  of  the  Corporation’s  foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  are  non-cash 
impacting and largely relate to intercompany balances for which Imaflex can control the time of settlement.   

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued) 

($ thousands) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

Income taxes 

As a % of income before taxes 

$79 

20.7% 

$411 

42.5% 

$678 

30.6% 

2018 

$1,477 

29.4% 

Fourth  quarter  2019  income  tax  expenses  were  $0.1  million  or  20.7%  of  income  before  taxes.    This  compares  to  
$0.4 million and 42.5% respectively in 2018.     

For fiscal 2019, income taxes totaled $0.7 million, down from $1.5 million in 2018, reflecting the lower profitability in the 
current year.  Income taxes as a percentage of income before taxes was 30.6% for calendar 2019, up slightly from 29.4% in 
2018.  The Corporation’s statutory tax rate is currently 26.6%. 

($ thousands, except per share data) 

Net income 
Basic earnings per share 
Diluted earnings per share 

Three months ended 
December 31, 
2019 

2018 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2019 

  $303 
$0.01 
$0.01 

$556 
$0.01 
$0.01 

$1,536 
$0.03 
$0.03 

2018 

$3,550 
$0.07 
$0.07 

The Company recorded net income of $0.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2019, versus $0.6 million in the corresponding 
prior-year quarter.  The decrease was largely due to unfavourable movements in foreign exchange and higher 2019 selling 
and administrative expenses, partially offset by the improved quarterly gross profit.  

For calendar 2019, net income stood at $1.5 million, down from $3.6 million in the prior year.  The decrease was largely 
due to unfavourable year-over-year movements in foreign exchange and higher 2019 selling and administrative expenses, 
partially offset by the higher gross profits in 2019 and lower income taxes versus 2018.  

SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS 

Summary financial data derived from the Company’s unaudited quarterly financial statements for each of the eight most 
recently completed quarters are as follows: 

For the quarters ending March, June, September and December ($ thousands, except per share data): 

Revenues 

Net income 

Earnings per share 
   Basic  
   Diluted 

Q4/19 
18,740 

Q3/19 
19,195 

Q2/19 
Q1/18 
21,269  $21,867  $22,472  $21,316  $21,927  $20,617 

Q4/18 

Q1/19 

Q3/18 

Q2/18 

303 

470 

205 

558 

556 

594 

727 

1,673 

0.006 
0.006 

0.009 
0.009 

0.004 
0.004 

0.011 
0.011 

0.011 
0.011 

0.012 
0.012 

0.015 
0.014 

0.034 
0.033 

It is important  to note that profitability may vary from quarter to quarter,  irrespective  of quarterly  sales, due to many 
factors.    These  factors  include  and  are  not  limited  to:  competitive  conditions  in  the  businesses  in  which  the  Company 
participates; general economic conditions and normal business uncertainty; product mix; fluctuations in foreign currency 
rates; the availability and costs of raw materials; changes in the Company’s relationship with its suppliers; planned plant 
shutdowns  for  preventative  maintenance  affecting  production  levels;  along  with  interest  rate  fluctuations  and  other 
changes in borrowing costs. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

FINANCIAL POSITION 

December 31, 2019 vs. December 31, 2018 

Working capital stood at $10.0 million as at December 31, 2019 ($11.0 million excluding the impact of IFRS 16), compared 
to $11.0 million as at December 31, 2018.  

LIQUIDITY 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities 

In the fourth quarter of 2019, net cash generated by operating activities stood at $2.7 million, up from $0.6 million in the 
prior  year.    The  $2.1  million  increase  over  2018  was  largely  due  to  favourable  year-over-year  movements  in  foreign 
exchange, trade & other receivables and inventories, partially offset by lower profits in the current quarter and a decrease 
in trade and other payables versus 2018.  

For fiscal 2019, net cash generated by operating activities totaled $9.7 million, up from $1.1 million in the prior year. The 
$8.5 million increase over 2018 was largely driven by favourable year-over-year movements in operating activities (foreign 
exchange  and  depreciation and amortization) and  working capital (trade  & other  receivables and  inventories), partially 
offset by lower profits in 2019 and a decrease in trade and other payables versus 2018.  

Cash Flows from Investing Activities 

During the fourth quarter of 2019, Imaflex contributed $1.3 million towards capital assets, down slightly from $1.5 million 
in 2018.   For fiscal year 2019, capital investments totaled $5.4 million, up from $3.7 million in the prior year.  The year-
over-year variances  for the quarter and year  largely relate to the timing of payments for a new five-layer extruder and 
other major equipment purchases.  These investments were made to further enhance the Company’s production capacity 
and capabilities in order to generate heightened sales and profitability.      

Cash Flows from Financing Activities 

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019,  the  Corporation  had  cash  outflows  from  financing  activities  of  $1.9  million,  versus  
$0.9 million of inflows in the corresponding prior-year period.  The year-over-year decrease is largely due to changes in 
bank indebtedness (reduction in the Company’s line of credit versus an increase in 2018), and reimbursements of lease 
obligations versus 2018, partially offset by movements in long-term debt.   

For calendar 2019, Imaflex had $4.5 million of cash outflows from financing activities, versus $2.8 million of cash inflows in 
the prior year.  The $7.3 million year-over-year decrease was mainly driven by changes in bank indebtedness (reduction in 
the Company’s line of credit versus an increase in 2018) and movements in lease obligations, partially offset by an increase 
in long-term debt versus 2018 resulting from funding for the major equipment projects.  

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 

The contractual obligations as at December 31, 2019 were as follows: 

 ($ thousands) 

Payments due by period 

Long-term debt 
Bank indebtedness 
Leases* 
Total contractual obligations 

Total 
$   9,130 
4,538 
3,878 
$ 17,546 

  Less than 1 year  

$ 2,235 
4,538 
1,273 
$ 8,046 

1 to 5 years 
$ 6,881 
- 
2,587 
$ 9,468 

After 5 years 
14 
$ 
- 
18 
$ 32 

*Based on IFRS 16, commitments previously captured under operating leases are now largely recorded on the balance 
sheet as lease obligations.     

 These  contractual  obligations  are  sensitive  to  the  fluctuation  of  interest  rates.  They  are  based  on  interest  and  foreign 
exchange rates effective as at December 31, 2019. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

CAPITAL RESOURCES 

The Company’s $12 million operating line of credit, which is secured by trade receivables and inventories, bears interest at 
a premium of 0.40% over the Canadian prime rate.  As at December 31, 2019, Imaflex was using approximately $4.5 million 
on its line of credit ($8.1 million as at December 31, 2018) and had cash outstanding of $0.1 million ($0.3 million as at 
December 31, 2018).  Working capital stood at $10.0 million as at December 31, 2019 ($11.0 million excluding the impact 
of IFRS 16), versus $11.0 million as at December 31, 2018.  The Company controls its financial leverage, ensuring that its 
borrowings reflect the asset base against which funds are borrowed as well as the profitability that is generated through 
the operations.   

EQUIPMENT LEASING FACILITY 

In  2018,  Imaflex  entered  into  an  equipment  leasing  facility  of  up  to  CDN  $10.0  million  with  a  leading  global  financial 
institution to fund business expansion.  During the third quarter of 2019, all funds borrowed under this lease agreement 
were  transferred  to  loan  agreements,  as  described  under  note  15  (f  and  g)  in  the  accompanying  audited  consolidated 
financial  statements  and  related  notes.    This  new  equipment  allows  the  Corporation  to  increase  its  scale,  broaden  its 
capabilities and drive revenue and margin expansion at attractive terms.      

PROPOSED TRANSACTION 

The Company is not currently contemplating any business acquisition or merger. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

In the normal course of operations, the Company had routine transactions with related parties.   These transactions are 
measured at fair value, which is the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties. 

The following table reflects the related party transactions recorded for the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 
For additional information, please refer to note 22, Related party transactions of the “Notes to the consolidated financial 
statements” for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018.   

($ thousands) 

Professional fees and key    
   management personnel services 
Rent 
Remuneration 

(a) 

(b) 
(c) 

Three months ended 
December 31, 

Years ended 
December 31,  

2019 

$   (4) 

$ 278 
$ 240 

2018 

                2019 

                 2018 

$   19 

$ 336 
$ 252 

$   174 

$   216 

$ 1,112 
$ 1,116 

$ 975 
$ 1,142 

(a) Professional fees include transactions with Polytechnomics Inc., of which Gerald R. Phelps, Imaflex’s Vice-President – 
Operations, is the controlling shareholder and with Philip Nolan, a director of Imaflex, who is also a partner at Lavery de 
Billy L.L.P.    

(b)  Joseph  Abbandonato,  Imaflex’s  President,  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chairman  of  the  Board,  is  the  controlling 
shareholder of Roncon Consultants Inc. (“Roncon”).  The Company’s production facilities at Imaflex, Canslit, and Imaflex 
USA  are  leased  from  Roncon  and  parties  related  to  Roncon  under  long-term  lease  agreements.    The  majority  of  these 
payments are recorded as a lease obligation on the balance sheet, while the remainder covers the applicable interest and 
is recorded under finance costs as an expense.  

(c) Includes salaries, benefits and fees paid to key management personnel and directors. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Please refer to note 20, Financial instruments of the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 
2019 and 2018 for disclosure on the Company’s financial instruments as well as note 21, Risk management for a discussion 
on the risks the Company is exposed to and how they are managed. 

As at December 31, 2019, the Company was not using any swap, forward or hedge accounting and there were no warrants 
outstanding.   

As at December 31, 2019, 2,725,000 options to purchase shares of the Company were outstanding at a weighted average 
strike price of $0.521 of which 2,587,500 were exercisable. 

As at December 31, 2018, 2,625,000 options to purchase shares of the Company were outstanding at a weighted average 
strike price of $0.520 of which 2,400,000 were exercisable. 

IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) – Imaflex considered an essential vendor 

To  date,  Imaflex’s  three  plants  in  Canada  and  the  U.S.A.  have  remained  open,  fully  operational  and  running  at  normal 
business levels. The Corporation is considered an essential vendor in both countries due to the important role its products 
play in protecting and preserving food and consumer products.  Presently, all manufacturing facilities have the ability to 
take  on  more  volume  should  it  be  required  due  to  business  interruption  at  another  plant  or  heightened  order  flow.  
Furthermore, Imaflex is not experiencing any delays with its suppliers.  The Corporation believes it has sufficient capital to 
fund its operations and grow the business, assuming business levels remain the same.  Despite this, Imaflex has and will 
utilize any available capital payment moratoriums on long term debt payments to maximize cash flows throughout the 
crisis. We are monitoring developments closely and taking all necessary steps to protect our employees, customers and 
business.  For additional information see note 23, Subsequent Events, of the attached consolidated financial statements.  

MANAGEMENT OUTLOOK 

We continue to operate in a dynamic pricing environment, while resin prices also remain lower than historical levels.  This 
said, our strategy remains the same. We will continue to differentiate ourselves in advanced extrusion and innovative crop 
protection films, building out our addressable markets with innovative products.  With the investments in new production 
equipment brought online in 2019, most notably the five-layer extruder, we are well positioned to do better in 2020. 

Longer term, our next generation agriculture film, ADVASEAL®, offers some exciting opportunities for growth.  We achieved 
some important milestones in recent months, including positive interim results for our Efficacy Trial.  This said, some key 
milestones remain.  If successful, the benefits of ADVASEAL ® for growers, the environment and shareholders, should justify 
the wait. 

We  operate  in  an  ever  changing  business  environment,  but  we  are  well  positioned  to  drive  profitable  growth  and  are 
excited about our future potential.  We look forward to providing updates on ADVASEAL® and our overall business as we 
progress throughout the year. 

OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA 

As  at  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  had  50,013,637  common  shares  outstanding,  unchanged  from  50,013,637 
December 31, 2018. 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS  

Additional information relating to our Company, including our quarterly and Annual Reports, can be found on SEDAR at 
www.sedar.com. 

(s) Joe Abbandonato 
Joe Abbandonato  
President and Chief Executive Officer 

(s) Giancarlo Santella 
Giancarlo Santella, CPA, CA 
Chief Financial Officer 

April 16, 2020 

For investor information, contact 

JOHN RIPPLINGER 
Vice President Corporate Affairs 
johnr@imaflex.com 
T: 514.935.5710 ext. 157 | F: 514.935.0264  

5710 Notre-Dame West 
Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4C 1V2 
T: 514.935.5710 | F: 514.935.0264 
www.imaflex.com 

Annual Report – December 31, 2019 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Financial Statements of  
IMAFLEX INC. 

Years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor's Report

To the Shareholders of 
Imaflex Inc.

Opinion

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Imaflex Inc. (hereafter
the "Company"), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position
as at December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the consolidated statements of
comprehensive income, the consolidated statements of changes in equity and the
consolidated statements of cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to
consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting
policies.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as at
December 31, 2019 and 2018, and its financial performance and its cash flows
for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting
Standards (IFRS).

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted
auditing standards. Our responsibilities under those standards are further
described in the "Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated
financial statements" section of our report. We are independent of the Company
in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the
consolidated financial statements in Canada, and we have fulfilled our other
ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that
the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a
basis for our opinion.

Information other than the consolidated financial statements and the
auditor's report thereon

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information
comprises the information, other than the consolidated financial statements and
our auditor's report thereon, included in Management's Discussion and Analysis
and the Annual Report. 

   Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton LLP Suite 2000 National Bank Tower 600 De La Gauchetière Street West Montréal, Quebec H3B 4L8  T  514-878-2691        Member of Grant Thornton International Ltd  rcgt.com  3

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other
information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In
connection with our audit of the consolidated financial statements, our
responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, 
consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the
consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or
otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

We obtained Management's Discussion and Analysis and the Annual Report
prior to the date of this auditor's report. If, based on the work we have performed
on this other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of
this other information, we are required to report that fact in this auditor's report.
We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for
the consolidated financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS), and for such internal control as management 
determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or
error.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible
for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing,
as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern
basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company
or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Company's
financial reporting process.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial
statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is
not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with Canadian generally
accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material
if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence
the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated
financial statements.

4

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing 
standards, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional
skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

– Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated

financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit
procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not
detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one
resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional
omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control;

– Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to 

design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for
the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's
internal control;

– Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the

reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by
management;

– Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern 
basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a 
material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast
significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw
attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the consolidated
financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our
opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the
date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause
the Company to cease to continue as a going concern;

– Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated

financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated
financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a
manner that achieves fair presentation;

– Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information
of the entities or business activities within the group to express an opinion on
the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction,
supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely
responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other 
matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, 
including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our
audit.

5

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have 
complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to 
communication with them all relationships and other matters that may 
reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, 
related safeguards. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor's 
report is Antonia Psyharis. 

Montréal
April 16, 2020

1 CPA auditor, CA public accountancy permit no. A119564

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income 
(in Canadian dollars) 

for the years ended 

Revenues 
Cost of sales 
Gross profit 

Expenses: 
Selling  
Administrative 
Finance costs 
Foreign exchange losses (gains) 
Other 

Income before income taxes 

Income taxes 

NET INCOME 

(Note 4.1)

(Note 7)

December 31, 

          2019 

          2018 

$   81,070,541 
70,118,437 
10,952,104 

  $   86,332,093
75,568,464 
10,763,629

1,616,422 
5,425,689 
729,343 
872,048 
95,158 
8,738,660 

1,605,374 
4,887,531
571,487 
(1,340,813)
13,266 
5,736,845 

2,213,444 

5,026,784 

(Note 8)

677,773 

1,476,852

1,535,671 

3,549,932

Other comprehensive income 
Item that will be reclassified subsequently to net income 
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations 

(131,042) 

263,803 

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

  $ 

1,404,629 

  $   3,813,735 

Earnings per share 
Basic 
Diluted  

(Note 9)

  $      
  $      

0.031 
0.030 

  $  
  $  

0.071 
0.070 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements and note 5 presents 
additional information on consolidated comprehensive income. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of financial position 
(in Canadian dollars) 

As at 

Assets 

Current assets 

Cash 
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 
Total current assets 

Non‐current assets 

Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Total non‐current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities and equity  

Current liabilities 

December 31,   
2019 

December 31,
2018

(Note 10)  
(Note 11)

$  

60,942 
11,520,049 
11,751,039 
236,528 
23,568,558 

$ 

310,874
15,922,044
14,656,483
220,500
31,109,901

(Note 12)  
(Note 13)  

28,573,231 
1,219,813 
29,793,044  

21,183,335
1,345,038
22,528,373

$  53,361,602 

$  53,638,274

Bank indebtedness and short‐term borrowings
Trade and other payables 
Current tax liabilities 
Long‐term debt, current portion 
Lease obligations, current portion 
Total current liabilities 

Non‐current liabilities 

Long‐term debt 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Lease obligations 
Total non‐current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Equity 

Share capital 
Reserves 
Retained earnings 
Total equity 

(Note 15)
(Note 14)  

(Note 15)

(Notes 15, 16)  

(Note 15)

(Note 8)  

(Notes 15, 16)

(Note 17)
(Note 18)  

4,538,393 
5,921,319 
125,725 
1,922,849 
1,103,729 
13,612,015 

6,441,665 
1,221,657 
2,413,825 
10,077,147 

23,689,162 

11,875,023 
2,212,177 
15,585,240 
29,672,440 

8,918,137
9,190,309
498,463
1,432,505
89,517
20,128,931

2,138,759
1,468,329
1,478,906
5,085,994

25,214,925

11,875,023
2,268,171
14,280,155
28,423,349

Total liabilities and equity 

$  53,361,602 

$  53,638,274

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

(s) Joseph Abbandonato 
Joseph Abbandonato 
Director 

(s) Mario Settino 
Mario Settino 
Director 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of changes in equity 
For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(in Canadian dollars) 

 Reserves 

Share capital (a)
$ 11,815,023

Share‐based 
compensation
$ 951,536

‐

‐
‐

‐

‐
‐

Accumulated 
foreign 
currency 
translation 
$  464,826 

‐ 

263,803 
263,803 

60,000
‐

‐
122,832

‐ 
‐

Warrants 

Total 
reserves 

Retained 
earnings 

$ 465,174    $  1,881,536  $   10,730,223 

Total 
$ 24,426,782 

‐ 

‐ 
‐ 

‐ 
‐ 

‐ 

3,549,932 

3,549,932 

263,803
263,803

‐ 
3,549,932 

263,803 
3,813,735 

‐
122,832

‐ 
‐

60,000
122,832

Balance at January 1, 2018 

Net income for the year 
Exchange differences on translating 

foreign operations 

Comprehensive income for the year 

Transactions with owners: 
Issuance of share capital (Note 17) 
Share‐based compensation (Note 18) 

Balance at December 31, 2018 
Impact of IFRS 16 Adoption 
Balance at January 1, 2019 

$11,875,023
‐
11,875,023

$ 1,074,368
‐
1,074,368

$  728,629 
‐ 
728,629 

$ 465,174    $  2,268,171 
‐ 
2,268,171 

‐ 
465,174 

$ 14,280,155 
(230,586)
14,049,569 

$ 28,423,349
(230,586)
28,192,763

Net income for the year 
Exchange differences on translating 

foreign operations 

Comprehensive income for the year 

Transactions with owners: 
Share‐based compensation (Note 18) 
Balance at December 31, 2019 

‐

‐
‐

‐

‐
‐

‐ 

(131,042)
(131,042)

‐ 

‐   
‐   

‐ 

1,535,671 

1,535,671 

(131,042)
(131,042)

‐ 
1,535,671 

(131,042)
1,404,629 

‐
$11,875,023

75,048
$ 1,149,416

‐ 
$  597,587 

‐ 

75,048 
$ 465,174    $  2,212,177 

75,048
$ 15,585,240  $ 29,672,440

‐ 

(a) Additional detail of share capital is provided in Note 17 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of cash flows 
(in Canadian dollars) 

for the years ended 

Operating activities: 
Net income for the year  
Income tax expense 
Depreciation and amortisation of non‐current assets 
Finance costs 
Share‐based compensation 
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) 

Net changes in working capital 
  Decrease (increase) in trade and other receivables 
  Decrease (increase) in inventories 

(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses 
(Decrease) increase in trade and other payables 

Cash generated by operating activities 
Net income taxes paid 
Net cash generated by operating activities 

Investing activities: 
Payments for property, plant and equipment 
Net cash used in investing activities 

Financing activities: 
Net change in bank indebtedness 
Interest paid 
(Decrease) increase in short‐term borrowings 
Increase in long‐term debt 
Repayment of long‐term debt 
Net proceeds from issuance of share capital
Increase in lease obligations 
Repayment of lease obligations 
Net cash (used in) generated by financing activities 

Net (decrease) increase in cash 

Cash, beginning of the year 
Effects of foreign exchange differences on cash 

Cash, end of the year 

Non‐cash transactions (Note 19) 

December 31, 

2019 

2018 

 $ 1,535,671 
677,773 
3,330,140 
729,343 
75,048 
849,393 
7,197,368 

4,228,629 
2,650,392 
(20,774) 
(3,093,639) 
3,764,608 

10,961,976 
(1,297,182) 
9,664,794 

$  3,549,932 
1,476,852
2,201,037 
571,487
122,832 
(1,239,319)
6,682,821 

(3,251,978)
(2,105,325)
304,371
1,293,777 
(3,759,155)

2,923,666 
(1,789,845)
1,133,821 

(5,408,742) 
(5,408,742) 

(3,692,883)
(3,692,883)  

(3,575,325) 
(749,560) 
(804,419) 
3,748,245 
(2,061,900) 
‐ 
‐ 
(1,060,887) 
(4,503,846) 

2,268,100
(574,237)
804,419 
1,761,200
(2,629,503)
60,000
1,288,400 
(200,813)
2,777,566 

(247,794) 

218,504 

310,874 
(2,138) 

87,140
5,230 

$  60,942 

$      310,874 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

1. General information 

Imaflex Inc. (the “Parent Company”) is incorporated under the Canada Business Corporations Act.  Its registered 
office and headquarters are located at 5710 Notre‐Dame Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The principal 
activities  of  the  Parent  Company  and  its  subsidiary  (together  referred  to  as  the  “Company”)  consist  in  the 
manufacture  and  sale  of products  for  the  flexible  packaging  industry,  including  polyethylene  film and bags, as 
well as the metallization of plastic film for the agriculture and packaging industries.  The common shares of the 
Parent Company are listed for trading on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol “IFX”. 

2. Significant accounting policies 

The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  applied  consistently  to  all  periods  presented  in  these 
consolidated financial statements, unless specifically stated. 

2.1 Basis of presentation and statement of compliance 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (“IFRS”) in effect on December 31, 2019. The consolidated financial statements were approved by the 
board of directors and authorized for issue on April 16, 2020. 

2.2 Basis of measurement 

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the historical cost basis. 

2.3 Basis of consolidation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  the  Parent  Company  and  its  subsidiary,  Imaflex 
USA Inc. (“Imaflex USA”), a wholly owned entity, which both have a reporting period of December 31. Imaflex 
Inc. is the Company’s ultimate parent. The Parent Company controls a subsidiary if it is exposed, or has rights, to 
variable returns from its involvement with the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its 
power over the subsidiary.  All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation. 

As at December 31, 2019 and 2018, Imaflex USA, the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, manufactured flexible 
packaging and plastic film out of its two North Carolina, USA plants. 

2.4 Foreign currencies 

The functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which an entity operates. The 
financial statements of the Parent Company and its subsidiary that are consolidated into the Company’s financial 
statements  are  prepared  in  their  respective  functional  currencies.  The  consolidated  financial  statements  are 
expressed in Canadian dollars (“CAD”), which is also the functional currency of the Parent Company as well as 
the Company’s presentation currency. 

The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiary, Imaflex USA, whose functional currency is the US 
dollar  (“USD”),  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rate  in  effect  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated  statement  of 
financial  position.  Revenues  and  expenses  are  translated  at  the  monthly  average  exchange  rates  over  the 
reporting period. Exchange gains or losses arising from the translation of Imaflex USA’s financial statements are 
recognised as Accumulated foreign currency translation within Reserves. 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.4 Foreign currencies (continued) 

In preparing the financial statements of the individual entities, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s 
functional currency are recorded at the exchange rates in effect on the date of the transactions. Monetary items 
denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  translated  at  the  exchange  rate  prevailing  at  the  end  of  the  reporting 
period.  Resulting  gains  and  losses  on  foreign  exchange  are  recorded  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income. 

The  foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  arising  on  inter‐company  monetary  non‐trade  advances  totalling 
US$4,000,000, for which settlement is determined to be neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future and 
are  therefore  accounted  for  as  forming  part  of  the  Company’s  net  investment  in  its  foreign  subsidiary,  are 
recognized in Accumulated foreign currency translation within reserves. The foreign exchange gains or losses on 
trade  receivables  and  other  monetary  advances  continue  to  be  included  in  Other  gains  and  losses  in  the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

2.5 Revenue recognition 

Revenues are generated almost exclusively from the sale of goods. Revenue is recognized when the control of a 
product is transferred to a customer, which is typically when the customer takes possession of the goods, and 
there are no other performance obligations to be completed under the contract. 

Revenue is measured based on the consideration that has been agreed upon by all parties and that the Company 
expects to be entitled to receive from the customer, net of variable considerations, including all returns, rebates 
and discounts agreed to by all parties concerned and the information available relative to each customer. 

Revenue recognition is based on the following steps: 

 
 
 
 
 

identification of the contract with the customer; 
identification of the performance obligations in the contract; 
determination of the transaction price; 
allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and 
recognition of revenue when the Company satisfies a performance obligation. 

2.6 Income Tax 

Income  tax  expense  comprises  both  current  and  deferred  tax.  Current  tax  is  based  on  taxable  income  for  the 
year.  Taxable  income  differs  from  net  income  as  reported  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive 
income because of items of revenue or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are 
never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been 
enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting period. 

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the 
consolidated statements of financial position and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of taxable 
income.  Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  generally  recognised  for  all  taxable  temporary  differences.  Deferred  tax 
assets  are  generally  recognised  for  all  deductible  temporary  differences  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that 
future taxable income will be available against which the underlying tax loss or deductible temporary difference 
can be utilized.   

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.6 Income Tax (continued) 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated using the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at 
the  reporting  date  and  which  are  expected  to  apply  in  the  period  in  which  the  liability  is  settled  or  the  asset 
realized. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets 
against current tax liabilities, when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and when 
the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis. 

Current and deferred taxes are recognised as an expense or income in net income, except when they relate to 
items that are recognised outside net income (whether in other comprehensive income or directly in equity), in 
which case the tax is also recognised outside net income. 

2.7 Earnings per share 

Earnings  per  share  are  calculated  by  dividing  net  income  available  for  common  shareholders  by  the  weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by 
taking into consideration potentially issuable shares that would have a dilutive effect on earnings per share. 

2.8 Financial assets and financial liabilities 

Financial assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of 
the financial instrument. Financial assets are derecognized when the contractual rights to the cash flows from 
the  financial  asset  expire,  or  when  the  financial  asset  and  all  substantial  risks  and  rewards  are  transferred.  A 
financial liability is derecognized when it is extinguished, discharged, cancelled or expired. 

Classification and initial measurement of financial assets 

Financial  assets  are  classified,  at  initial  recognition,  as  subsequently  measured  at  amortized  cost,  fair  value 
through earnings, or fair value through other comprehensive income. 

The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset's contractual cash flow 
characteristics and the Company's business model for managing them. With the exception of trade receivables 
that  do  not  contain  a  significant  financing  component,  the  Company  initially  measures  financial  assets  at  fair 
value plus, in the case of financial assets not a fair value through earnings, transaction costs. Transaction costs 
directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through earnings are 
recognized immediately in earnings. Trade receivables that do not contain a significant financing component are 
measured at the transaction price determined in accordance with IFRS 15. 

Subsequent measurement 

After initial recognition, cash and trade and other receivables (excluding sales taxes) are measured at amortized 
cost  using  the  effective  interest  method.  The  expense  relating  to  the  allowance  for  expected  credit  loss  is 
recognized in earnings in Administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income. 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses arising from financial assets. The amount of 
expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition 
of the respective financial instrument. 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.8 Financial assets and financial liabilities (continued) 

The Company applies a simplified approach for calculating expected credit losses for trade and other receivables 
(excluding  sales  taxes).    The  Company  recognizes  a  loss  allowance  based  on  lifetime  expected  credit  losses  at 
each  reporting  date.  These  are  the  expected  shortfalls  in contractual  cash  flows,  considering the potential  for 
default  at  any  point  during  the  life  of  the  financial  instrument.  In  calculating,  the  Company  uses  its  historical 
experience, external indicators and forward‐looking information to calculate the expected credit losses using a 
provision matrix. Note 10 provides a detailed analysis of how the impairment requirements of IFRS 9 are applied. 

Classification and measurement of financial liabilities 

The  Company’s  financial  liabilities  include  bank  indebtedness  and  short‐term  borrowings,  trade  and  other 
payables  (excluding  employee  benefits),  and  long‐term  debt.    Financial  liabilities  are  initially  measured  at  fair 
value, and, where applicable, adjusted for transaction costs. Subsequently, financial liabilities are measured at 
amortized cost using the effective interest method. 

All interest related charges for financial liabilities measured at amortized cost are recognized in the consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income under Finance costs. 

2.9 Inventories 

Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost  and  net  realizable  value.  Costs,  including  raw  materials  and  an 
appropriate portion of fixed and variable overhead expenses, are assigned to inventories by the method most 
appropriate  to  the  particular  class  of  inventory,  being  valued  on  a  first‐in,  first‐out  basis.  Net  realizable  value 
represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion necessary to make 
the sale and estimated selling expenses. 

2.10 Property, plant and equipment 

The Company’s building, land, production equipment, office equipment and computer equipment are stated at 
cost, including any costs directly attributable to bringing the assets to the location and condition necessary for 
them  to  be  capable  of  operating  in  the  manner  intended  by  the  Company’s  management,  less  accumulated 
depreciation and accumulated impairment losses.  

Depreciation is recognised so as to write‐down the cost of assets less their residual values over their useful lives, 
as outlined below, using the straight‐line method. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation 
method  are  reviewed  and  adjusted,  if  necessary,  at  each  reporting  date,  with  the  effect  of  any  changes  in 
estimate accounted for on a prospective basis. 

Asset 

Land 
Building 
Production equipment 
Office equipment 
Computer equipment 

Period 

Indefinite 
20 years 
10 ‐ 20 years 
5 years 
3 years 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.10 Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

Leasehold improvements are amortised on a straight‐line basis over the lesser of the terms of the leases or their 
useful lives (5 years). 

In  the  case  of  right‐of‐use  assets,  expected  useful  lives  are  determined  by  reference  to  comparable  owned 
assets or the lease term, if shorter, when the lease does not transfer ownership of the asset or the Company 
does not expect to exercice a purchase option. 

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits 
are  expected  to  arise  from  the  continued  use  of  the  asset.  The  gain  or  loss  arising  from  the  disposal  or 
retirement  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  is  determined  as  the  difference  between  the  sales 
proceeds  and  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  and  is  recognised  in  net  income,  in  Other  in  the  consolidated 
statement of comprehensive income. 

2.11 Leased assets 

The  Company  has  applied  IFRS  16  using  the  modified  retrospective  approach  and  therefore  comparative 
information  has  not  been  restated.  This  means  comparative  information  is  still  reported  under  IAS  17  and 
IFRIC 4. 

Accounting policy applicable from January 1, 2019 

At  inception  of  a  contract,  the  Company  identifies  whether  it  is  or  contains  a  lease  based  on  whether  the 
contract,  or  part  of  the  contract,  conveys  the  right  to  control  the  use  of  an  identified  asset  (the  “underlying 
asset”)  for  a  period  of  time  in  exchange  for  consideration.  To  apply  this  definition  the  Company  assesses 
whether the contract meets three key evaluations which are whether: 

 

 

 

the contract contains an identified asset, which is either explicitly identified in the contract or implicitly 
specified by being identified at the time the asset is made available to the Company 
the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the identified 
asset throughout the period of use, considering its rights within the defined scope of the contract 
the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use. The 
Company  assesses  whether  it  has  the  right  to  direct  ‘how  and  for  what  purpose’  the  asset  is  used 
throughout the period of use 

The Company recognizes a right‐of‐use asset on the balance sheet at the lease commencement date. The right‐
of‐use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial measurement of the lease liability, any lease 
payments made before the commencement date, any initial indirect costs incurred by the Company, an estimate 
of any costs to dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease, less any lease incentives received. 

At  the commencement  date,  the  Company  recognises  the  lease  liability  measured  at  the  present  value  of  the 
lease payments that are not paid at that date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that 
rate cannot be readily determined, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. 

Lease payments include fixed payments and in‐substance fixed payments, variable lease payments that depend 
on an index or rate, initially measured using the index or rate at the commencement date of the lease, amounts 
expected  to  be  paid  by  the  Company  under  residual  value  guarantees,  purchase  options  if  the  Company  is 
reasonably certain to exercise that option and penalties for terminating the lease if the lease term reflects the 
Company using an option to terminate the lease. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.11 Leased assets (continued) 

Subsequent to initial measurement, the lease liability is reduced for payments and increased for interest. It can 
be remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using a revised discount rate if there is a change in 
the  lease  term  or  in  the  assessment  of  an  option  to  purchase  the  underlying  asset.  The  lease  liability  is 
remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using an unchanged discount rate if there is a change in 
the amount payable under a residual value guarantee or if future lease payments are modified resulting from a 
change in an index or rate used to determine those payments. 

When  the  lease  liability  is  remeasured,  the  corresponding  adjustment  is  reflected  in  the  right‐of‐use  asset,  or 
directly in profit and loss if the right‐of‐use asset is already reduced to zero. 

The  Company  has  elected  to  account  for  short‐term  leases  and  leases  of  low‐value  assets  using  the  practical 
expedients. Instead of recognising a right‐of‐use asset and a lease liability, the payments in relation to these are 
recognised as an expense in profit or loss on a straight‐line basis over the lease term. 

On the statement of financial position, right‐of‐use assets have been included in property, plant and equipment. 

Accounting policy applicable before 1 January 2019 

Leases  are  classified  as  finance  leases  whenever  the  terms  of  the  lease  transfer  substantially  all  the  risks  and 
rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases. 

Assets  held  under  finance  leases  are  initially  recognised  as  assets  of  the  Company  at  their  fair  value  at  the 
inception  of  the  lease  or,  if  lower,  at  the  present  value  of  the  minimum  lease  payments.  The  corresponding 
liability to the lessor is included in the consolidated statement of financial position as a finance lease obligation. 
Leases are initially recognised on the date from which the Company is entitled to exercise its right to use the 
leased asset, referred to as the commencement of the lease term, which corresponds to the date on which the 
equipment is received. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the 
same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease. 

Lease  payments  are  apportioned  between  finance  expenses  and  reduction  of  the  lease  obligation  so  as  to 
achieve  a  constant  rate  of  interest  on  the  remaining  balance  of  the  liability.  Finance  expenses  are  recognised 
immediately in net income. Contingent rental payments are recognised as expenses in the periods in which they 
are incurred. 

Operating  lease  payments  are  recognised  as  an  expense  on  a  straight‐line  basis  over  the  lease  term,  except 
where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the 
leased  asset  are  consumed.  Contingent  rental  payments  arising  under  operating  leases  are  recognised  as  an 
expense in the period in which they are incurred. 

2.12 Intangible assets other than goodwill 

Customer relationships acquired in a business combination and recognised separately from goodwill are initially 
recognised  at  their  fair  value  at  the  acquisition  date,  which  is  regarded  as  their  cost.  Subsequent  to  initial 
recognition,  intangible  assets  acquired  in  a  business  combination  are  reported  at  cost  less  accumulated 
amortisation  and  accumulated  impairment  losses.  When  intangible  assets  are  purchased  separately,  as  it  was 
the case for patents, the cost comprises the purchase price and any directly attributable cost of preparing the 
asset for its intended use. When intangible assets are internally developed, as is the case with the Company’s 
internally  developed  patents,  the  cost  comprises  the  directly  attributable  costs  in  the  development  phase 
necessary to create, produce and prepare the patent for the Company to be able to operate it for its intended 
use.  

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.12 Intangible assets other than goodwill (continued) 

An intangible asset is derecognised on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use 
or  disposal.  Gains  or  losses  arising  from  the  derecognition  of  an  intangible  asset,  measured  as  the  difference 
between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognised in net income when the 
asset is derecognised. The amortisation of intangible assets, if any, is recognised in Administrative expenses in 
the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income  over  the  useful  life  of  the  intangible  asset.  Customer 
relationships  are  amortised  on  a  straight‐line  basis  over 8  years  and patents  are  amortised  as  of  the  moment 
they can be used over the life of the patent (14 years). 

2.13 Impairment of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets other than goodwill 

At each reporting date, or sooner if there is an indication that an asset may be impaired, the Company reviews 
the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, to determine whether there is 
any indication that they have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount 
of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss, if any. When it is not possible 
to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of 
the cash‐generating unit to which the asset belongs. 

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, 
the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre‐tax discount rate that reflects 
current  market  assessments  of  the  time  value  of  money  and  the  risks  specific  to  the  asset  for  which  the 
estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted. 

If the recoverable amount of the assets is estimated to be less than their carrying amount, the carrying amount 
is reduced to the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in net income. 

When an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the assets is increased to the revised 
estimate  of  its  recoverable  amount,  but  so  that  the  increased  carrying  amount  does  not  exceed  the  carrying 
amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the assets in prior years. 
A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in net income. 

2.14 Goodwill 

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the 
business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.  

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Company's cash‐generating units or 
group of cash‐generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.  

A  cash‐generating  unit  to  which  goodwill  has  been  allocated  is  tested  for  impairment  annually,  or  more 
frequently  when  there  is  indication  that  the  unit  may  be  impaired.  If  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  cash‐
generating  unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  amount,  the  impairment  loss  is  allocated  first  to  reduce  the  carrying 
amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit prorated over the carrying 
amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in net income in the 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in 
subsequent periods. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.15 Provisions 

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation, legal or constructive, as a result of a past 
event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be 
made  of  the  amount  of  the  obligation.    The  amount  recognised  as  a  provision  is  the  best  estimate  of  the 
consideration  required  to  settle  the  present  obligation  based  on  the  most  reliable  evidence  available  at  the 
reporting date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. 

2.16 Share‐based compensation 

The Company uses equity‐settled share‐based compensation plans for its employees and consultants. None of 
the Company’s plans are cash‐settled. Equity‐settled share‐based compensation is measured at the fair value of 
the  services  received  at  the  grant  date  indirectly  by  reference  to  the  fair  value  of  the  equity  instruments 
granted, estimated using the Black‐Scholes option pricing model. 

The  fair  value determined  at  the  grant  date  of the  equity‐settled  share‐based compensation  is  expensed over 
the vesting period with a corresponding increase in Reserves. 

2.17 Share capital and reserves 

Share capital represents the amount received upon issuance of shares, net of transaction costs. Proceeds from 
the issuance of units consisting of shares and purchase warrants are allocated based on the relative fair values of 
each instrument. The fair value of the shares is based on the TSX share price at the time of the issuance and the 
fair value of the warrants is determined using a Black‐Scholes valuation model. 

Reserves include the following: 

Share‐based compensation (see 2.16); 

 
  Accumulated foreign currency translation (see 2.4); 
  Warrants – comprises the value of outstanding and expired warrants; 

Upon  the  exercise  of  options  and  warrants,  the  proceeds  received  less  the  transaction  costs  are  credited  to 
share capital. 

2.18 Adoption of new accounting standards 

IFRS 16 – Leases 

IFRS 16 – Leases replaces IAS 17 – Leases and related interpretations. IFRS 16 eliminates the classification as an 
operating lease and requires lessees to recognise a right‐of‐use asset and a lease obligation in the statement of 
financial position for all leases, with exemptions permitted for short‐term leases and leases of low value assets. 

Transition to IFRS 16 

IFRS  16  has  been  applied  with  a  date  of  initial  application  being  January  1,  2019,  using  the  modified 
retrospective  approach,  with  the  cumulative  effect  of  adopting  IFRS 16  being  recognized  in  equity  as  an 
adjustment  of  the  opening  balance  of  retained  earnings  for  the  current  period.  Prior  periods  have  not  been 
restated. For leases in existence at the date of initial application, the Company has elected not to include direct 
costs  in  the  measurement  of  the  right‐of‐use  asset.  The  Company  has  made  use  of  the  practical  expedient 
available on transition to IFRS 16 not to reassess whether a contract is or contains a lease and the definition of a 
lease in accordance with IAS 17 and IFRIC 4 will continue to apply to those leases entered or modified before 
January  1,  2019  (“the  date  of  application”).  Instead  of  performing  an  impairment  review  on  the  right‐of‐use 
assets at the date of initial application, the Company has relied on its historic assessment as to whether leases 
were onerous immediately before the date of initial application of IFRS 16. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

2. Significant accounting policies (continued) 

2.18 Adoption of new accounting standards (continued) 

The Company has applied the optional exemptions not to recognize right‐of‐use assets for leases with a term of 
less than 12 months and for leases of low‐value assets and opted to account for these leases on a straight‐line 
basis over the remaining lease term. For leases previously classified as finance leases, the right‐of‐use asset and 
lease liability are measured at the date of initial application at the same amounts as under IAS 17 immediately 
before the date of initial application. The Company elected not to separate non‐lease components from lease 
components in lease payments to determine the lease obligation under IFRS 16. Finally, the Company also used 
hindsight in determining the term of the leases accounted for under IFRS 16 which resulted in the extension of 
the term of certain leases for which the Company was reasonably certain to prevail itself of its extension option. 
The Company also eliminated some non‐cash accrued amounts that were being amortized over the remaining 
term of some leases. 

As a result of the adoption of IFRS 16, the Company recorded a lease liability of $4,293,815, right‐of‐use assets 
totalling  $3,992,922  and  a  $230,586  reduction  in  retained  earnings,  which  is  net  of  the  $  70,307  reversal  of 
accrued  expenses.  On  transition,  the  weighted  average  incremental  borrowing  rate  applied  to  lease  liabilities 
applied under IFRS 16 was 5.6%. 

Total operating lease commitment disclosed as at December 31, 2018
Other adjustments relating to commitment disclosures
Leases of low value 
Operating lease liabilities before discounting 
Discounting using incremental borrowing rates
Operating lease liability 
Finance lease obligations recorded as at December 31, 2018
Total lease liabilities recognised under IFRS 16 as at January 1, 2019

$ 4,669,269
212,397
(36,441)
4,845,225
(551,410)
4,293,815
1,568,423
$ 5,862,238

3. Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty 

The  preparation  of  these consolidated  financial  statements  in conformity  with  IFRS  and  the  application  of  the 
Company’s  accounting  policies  described  in  note  2,  required  management  to  make  judgments,  estimates  and 
assumptions  about  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  that  are  not  readily  apparent  from  other 
sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are 
considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates 
are  recognised  in  the period in  which  the  estimate  is  revised  if  the  revision  affects  only  that period,  or  in the 
period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. 

3.1 Critical judgments in applying accounting policies 

The following are the critical judgments, apart from those involving estimations, that management has made in 
the  process  of  applying  the  Company's  accounting  policies  and  that  have  the  most  significant  effect  on  the 
amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements. 

Cash‐generating units 

Management has identified only one cash‐generating unit (“CGU”) for the Company. Revenue generated by the 
Company’s various product lines and facilities are generated through a single sales force whose ability to cross 
sell products influences the level of sale for each product line. Management has determined that the cash flows 
of the Company’s production facilities are closely interrelated and not independent. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

3. Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty (continued) 

3.2 Key sources of estimation uncertainty 

The  following  are  the  key  sources  of  estimation  uncertainty  at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period  that  have  a 
significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next 
financial year: 

Allowance for expected credit losses 

During  each  reporting  period,  the  Company  makes  an  assessment  of  whether  trade  accounts  receivable  are 
collectible from customers. Accordingly, management establishes an allowance for estimated losses arising from 
non‐payment. The Company’s allowance for expected credit loss reflects expected credit losses using a provision 
matrix model, supplemented by an allowance for individually impaired trade receivables. The provision matrix is 
based on the Company’s historic credit loss experience, adjusted for any change in risk of the trade receivable 
population based on credit monitoring indicators, and expectations of general economic conditions that might 
affect  the  collection  of  trade  receivables.  The  provision  matrix  applies  fixed  provision  rates  depending  on  the 
number of days that a trade receivable is past due, with higher rates applied the longer a balance is past due. 
Refer to Note 10 for more information regarding the allowance for expected credit losses. 

Useful lives of depreciable and amortisable assets 

The Company reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets other 
than  goodwill  at  the  end  of  each  annual  reporting  period  in  order  to  ensure  that  the  depreciation  and 
amortisation methods used are appropriate. 

Impairment of long‐lived assets 

If required, the Company performs impairment tests on its long‐lived assets by comparing the carrying amount 
of the assets to their recoverable amount, which is calculated as the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to 
sell and its value in use. Value in use is calculated based on a discounted cash flow analysis, which requires the 
use of estimates of future cash flow and discount rates. The Company uses judgment to determine whether it 
identifies any triggering event that may indicate that the long‐lived assets have been impaired. 

Income taxes 

Management  uses  estimates  in  determining  the  appropriate  rates  and  amounts  in  recording  deferred  income 
taxes,  giving  consideration  to  timing  and  probability  of  realization.  Actual  taxes  could  significantly  vary  from 
these  estimates  as  a  result  of  a  variety  of  factors  including  future  events,  changes  in  income  tax  laws  or  the 
outcome  of  reviews  by  tax  authorities  and  related  appeals.  The  resolution  of  these  uncertainties  and  the 
associated final taxes payable may result in adjustments to the Company’s deferred and current tax assets and 
liabilities. 

Warrants and share‐based compensation 

The Company issues equity instruments from time to time, which are comprised of options to purchase common 
shares  as  well  as  common  shares  and  warrants  (units).  The  Company  uses  the  Black‐Scholes  pricing  model  in 
order  to  determine  the  value  of  these  instruments  or  how  proceeds  are  allocated  between  the  instruments. 
These methods require estimates based on market inputs. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

4. Segment information 

The  Company  operates  in  one  reportable  segment,  comprising  the  development,  manufacture  and  sale  of 
flexible packaging material in the form of film or bags, for various uses. 

4.1 Revenues by geographical end market 

The Company’s revenues by geographical end market are as follows: 

Canada  
United States 
Other 
Total 

Year ended

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$ 33,219,527
47,785,702
65,312
$ 81,070,541

$ 30,718,578 
55,350,220 
263,295 
$ 86,332,093 

4.2 Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets per geographic location 

Canada  
United States 
Total 

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$    9,037,306
20,755,738
$  29,793,044

$    9,197,143 
13,331,230 
$  22,528,373 

5. Additional information on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income 

The  Company’s  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  income  include  depreciation  of  production 
equipment of $3,056,781 for the year ended December 31, 2019 ($1,920,732 in 2018) classified in Cost of sales, 
which  includes  the  depreciation  for  right‐of‐use  assets  of  $1,034,135  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019. 
Depreciation  of  other  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  amortisation  of  intangible  assets  amounting  to 
$273,359 for the year ended December 31, 2019 ($280,305 in 2018) is included in Administrative expenses. 

The  Company’s  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  income  include  salaries  paid  to  its  employees  of 
$10,174,103  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  ($9,865,338 in  2018)  classified  in  Cost  of  sales. 
Administrative  expenses  include  salaries  paid  to  employees  of  $1,972,610  for  the  year  ended  December  31, 
2019  ($1,841,908 in  2018)  and  Selling  expenses  include  salaries  paid  to  employees  of  $435,924  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2019 ($405,393 in 2018). 

6. Employee benefits 

The  Company  contributes  to  state‐run  pension  plans,  employment  insurance,  group  insurance  and  social 
security for its employees. The costs incurred for the employee benefits noted above amounted to $2,678,442 
during the year ended December 31, 2019 ($2,538,987 in 2018). These payments are expensed as incurred and 
the Company does not recognise any gains or losses subsequent to the payment of these benefits. 

The  Company  also  offers  a  defined  contribution  employee  benefit  plan  to  its  employees  located  in  North 
Carolina,  USA.  For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  contributed  $31,329  to  this  plan 
($27,477 in 2018). 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

7. Finance costs 

Interest on bank indebtedness and long‐term debt 
Interest on finance lease obligations 
Capitalized interest 

8. Income taxes 

8.1 Income tax recognised in net income 

Year ended

December 31,  
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$   514,254
299,417
(84,328)

$   590,866 
27,821 
(47,200) 

$   729,343

$   571,487 

Year ended

December 31,  
2019

December 31, 
2018 

Income tax expense comprises: 
  Current tax expense 
  Deferred tax expense relating to the origination and 

reversal of temporary differences 

Total income tax expense 

$    924,445

$  1,419,309 

(246,672)
$   677,773

57,543 
$ 1,476,852 

8.2 Reconciliation between the income tax expense and the statutory income tax rate

Year ended

December 31,  
2019

December 31, 
2018 

Income before income taxes 

$ 2,213,444

$ 5,026,785 

Income tax expense calculated at 26.6%  (26.7% in 2018)
Permanent differences 

588,776
149,737

1,342,152 
(102,820) 

Effect of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating in 

other jurisdictions 

Other 

28,938 
(89,678)

14,978 
222,542 

Income tax expense recognised in net income

$ 677,773

$ 1,476,852 

The tax rate used for the 2019 reconciliation above is the corporate tax rate of 26.6% (26.7% in 2018) payable by 
corporate entities in Quebec, Canada on taxable income under tax law in those jurisdictions. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

8. Income taxes (continued) 

8.3  Deferred tax balances 

Opening 
balance 

Impact of 
IFRS 16 

Recognised
in income 

Closing balance 

$  1,246,548 
(57,313) 
(15,546) 
77,945 
112,184 
1,363,818 

$    (14,875)  
1,050,275
‐
‐
‐
1,035,400

$      (119,670)
(2,338)
82,265
(4,672)
(112,184)
(156,599)

$  1,112,003 
990,624 
66,719 
73,273 
‐ 
2,242,619 

2019 

Assets 

Non‐capital losses 
Lease obligations 
Advance 
Other assets 
Inventory 

Liabilities 

Property, plant and 

(2,832,147) 

(1,035,400)

403,271

(3,464,276) 

equipment 

(2,832,147) 

(1,035,400)

403,271

(3,464,276) 

Deferred tax liabilities 

$(1,468,329) 

$               ‐   

$     246,672 

$(1,221,657) 

2018 

Assets 

Non‐capital losses 
Inventory 
Advance 
Other assets 

Liabilities 

Finance leases 
Property, plant and equipment 
Advance 
Investment tax credits 

Opening balance

Recognised
in income 

Closing balance 

$ 1,217,286
111,379
51,303
132,900
1,512,868

(71,785)
(2,845,355)

‐

(6,514)
(2,923,654)

$  29,262
805
(51,303)
(54,955)
(76,191)

14,472
13,208
(15,546)
6,514
18,648

$  1,246,548 
112,184 
‐ 
77,945 
1,436,677 

(57,313) 
(2,832,147) 
(15,546) 
‐ 
(2,905,006) 

Deferred tax liabilities 

$(1,410,786)

$      (57,543)

$(1,468,329) 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

8. Income taxes (continued) 

8.4 Unrecognised deferred tax assets 

The  Company's  subsidiary,  Imaflex  USA,  has  non‐capital  losses  available  to  carry  forward  to  reduce  future 
taxable income of $25,580,528 in 2019 and $26,042,515 in 2018, for part of which a deferred tax asset has not 
been recognised ($4,697,336 in 2019 and $4,743,231 in 2018), that expire as follows: 

Expiring in 

December 31,  
2019 

December 31,  
2018

2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 
2030 
2031 
2032 
2033 
2034 
2035 
2036 
2038 

1,816,477 
1,297,289 
2,801,240 
3,034,473 
4,453,085 
1,900,893 
2,668,591 
2,672,290 
2,437,798 
1,403,049 
798,659 
296,684 
$25,580,528 

1,393,466
1,362,613
2,942,294
3,187,272
4,677,317
1,996,610
2,802,966
2,806,851
2,560,552
1,473,699
838,875
‐
$26,042,515

9. Earnings per share 

Year ended

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018 

Net income for basic and diluted earnings per share

$ 1,535,671

$ 3,549,932 

Weighted average number of common shares 

outstanding  

Dilutive effect of share purchase options 
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding

50,013,637
671,233
50,684,870

49,915,829 
1,151,471 
51,067,300 

Basic earnings per common share 
Diluted earnings per common share 

$   0.031
$   0.030

$   0.071 
$   0.070 

450,000 stock options outstanding as at December 31, 2019 were not included in the calculation of earnings per 
share because they were antidilutive (200,000 in 2018). 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

10. Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables  
Allowance for expected credit losses 

Other receivables 
Total trade and other receivables 

Movement in the allowance for expected credit losses 

Balance, beginning of year 
Expected credit losses losses recognised on trade 

receivables 

Release of allowance for expected credit losses
Account write‐offs during the year 
Foreign exchange 
Balance, end of year 

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$ 12,186,862
(785,676)
11,401,186

$ 15,874,079 
(584,410) 
15,289,669 

118,863
$ 11,520,049

632,375 
$ 15,922,044 

Year ended

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$ (584,410)

$ (1,125,559) 

(216,458)
‐
86
15,106
$ (785,676)

(21,827) 
47,284 
561,189 
(45,497) 
$ (584,410) 

Credit risk 
Credit  risk  is  the  risk  that  a  counterparty  fails  to  discharge  an  obligation  to  the  Company.  The  Company’s 
maximum exposure to credit risk is limited to the carrying amount of the financial assets, net of any provisions 
for losses recorded on the Company’s consolidated statements of financial position. 

Credit risk management 
Credit  risk  associated  with  cash  is  mitigated  by  ensuring  that  these  financial  assets  are  primarily  placed  with 
major American and Canadian financial institutions that have been accorded grade ratings by a primary rating 
agency and qualify as creditworthy counterparties. The Company performs an ongoing review and evaluation of 
the possible risks associated with cash. 

For  trade  receivables,  the  Company  uses  an  external  credit  service  to  assess  the  potential  customer’s  credit 
quality and uses this information to define the allowed credit limits by customer. Moreover, the Company uses 
credit insurance to mitigate credit risk. As at December 31, 2019, $6,200,071 ($8,280,051 as at December 31, 
2018) of the total trade receivables are insured. The Company’s management considers that all receivables that 
are not impaired for each reporting date are of good credit quality. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

10. Trade and other receivables (continued) 

Expected credit losses 
The  Company’s  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  reflects  expected  credit  losses  using  a  provision  matrix 
model, supplemented by an allowance for individually impaired trade receivables. The provision matrix is based 
on  the  Company’s  historic  credit  loss  experience,  adjusted  for  any  change  in  risk  of  the  trade  receivable 
population based on credit monitoring indicators, and expectations of general economic conditions that might 
affect  the  collection  of  trade  receivables.  The  provision  matrix  applies  fixed  provision  rates  depending  on  the 
number of days that a trade receivable is past due, with higher rates applied the longer a balance is past due. 
Trade  receivables  outstanding  longer  than  the  agreed  upon  payment  terms  are  considered  past  due.  The 
Company  determines  its  allowance  for  individually  impaired  trade  receivables  by  considering  a  number  of 
factors, including notices of liquidation, information provided by credit monitoring services, the length of time 
trade  receivables  are  past  due,  the  customer’s  current  ability  to  pay  its  obligation  to  the  Company,  the 
customer’s history of paying balances when they are past due, historical results and the condition of the general 
economy  and  the  industry  as  a  whole.  After  considering  the  factors  above,  at  December  31,  2019  and  at 
December  31,  2018,  the  Company  has  determined  there  is  no  significant  increase  or  decrease  in  its  trade 
receivable  credit  risk  since  its  initial  recognition.  The  Company  writes  off  trade  receivables  when  they  are 
determined to be uncollectible and any payments subsequently received on such trade receivables are credited 
to the allowance for expected credit loss. 

11. Inventories 

Raw materials and supplies 
Finished goods 
Work in process 
Total 

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018

$ 7,108,673
4,122,254
520,112
$ 11,751,039

$ 8,913,092
5,298,178
445,213
$ 14,656,483

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense during the year was $63,334,593 ($69,525,363 in 2018). There 
were no write‐downs of inventory recognised in the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2019 or 2018. 

12. Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 

January 1, 2018 
Additions 
Foreign exchange 

Land 

Building 

Production 
equipment 

Leasehold 
improvements

Office 
equipment

Computer 
equipment 

Equipment 
under 
finance lease 

Total 

$ 21,508 
‐ 
1,881 

  $ 107,284 
‐ 
9,381 

  $ 48,087,161 
2,492,775 
1,743,346

$ 2,482,340 
247,698 
97,275

$ 44,615 
‐ 
1,531

$ 514,335 
6,435 
3,089 

$ 1,328,519 
945,975 
76,387

$ 52,585,762 
3,692,883 
1,932,890

December 31, 2018 

23,389 

116,665 

52,323,282 

2,827,313 

46,146 

523,859 

2,350,881 

58,211,535 

Accumulated depreciation 
January 1, 2018 
Additions 
Foreign exchange 

December 31, 2018 

‐ 
‐ 
‐ 

‐ 

(8,471) 
(5,840) 
(1,040) 

(30,991,431)
(1,826,649)
(831,286)

(2,106,298)
(160,146)
(71,676)

(44,615)
‐
(1,531)

(492,333) 
(23,347) 
(3,162) 

(351,041)
(86,988)
(22,346)

(33,994,189)
(2,102,970)
(931,041)

(15,351) 

(33,649,366)

(2,338,120)

(46,146)

(518,842) 

(460,375)

(37,028,200)

Net book value 

$ 23,389 

$ 101,314 

  $ 18,673,916

$   489,193

$ 

‐

$    5,017 

$ 1,890,506

$ 21,183,335

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

12. Property, plant and equipment (continued) 

Cost 
January 1, 2019 
IFRS 16 Impact 
Additions 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange 

Land 

Building 

Production 
equipment 

Leasehold 
improvements

Office 
equipment

Computer 
equipment 

Rolling Stock 

Total 

23,389 
‐ 
‐ 
‐ 
(1,121) 

116,665 
3,656,434 
‐ 
‐ 
(33,240) 

  $ 54,674,163
67,891 
7,133,966 
(15,608)
(1,174,763)

$ 2,827,313
‐ 
87,484 
‐ 
(60,371)

$ 46,146
40,779 
7,570 
‐ 
(913)

$ 523,859 
‐ 
33,688 
‐ 
(1,841) 

$ 

‐
227,818 
37,580 
‐ 
(1,097)

$ 58,211,535
3,992,922 
7,300,288 
(15,608)
(1,273,346)

December 31, 2019 

$ 22,268  

 $3,739,859 

  $ 60,685,649 

$ 2,854,426 

$ 93,582 

$ 555,706 

$ 264,301 

$ 68,215,791 

Accumulated depreciation 
January 1, 2019 
Additions 
Disposals 
Foreign exchange 

December 31, 2019 

Net book value, as at 
December 31, 2019 

‐ 
‐ 
‐ 
‐ 

‐ 

(15,351) 
(934,606) 
‐ 
6,786 

(34,109,741)
(2,063,335)
2,096 
558,984

(2,338,120)
(162,056)
‐ 
45,786

(46,146)
(9,233)
‐ 
913

(518,842) 
(20,020) 
‐ 
2,194 

‐ 
(42,030)
‐ 
161

(37,028,200)
(3,231,280)
2,096 
614,824

(943,171) 

(35,611,996)

(2,454,390)

(54,466)

(536,668) 

(41,869)

(39,642,560)

$ 22,268 

  $2,796,688 

  $ 25,073,653 

$   400,036 

39,116 

19,038 

222,432 

28,573,231 

A  portion  of  the  Company’s  production  equipment  with  a  carrying  amount  of  approximately  $ 15,000,000 
(approximately $18,400,000 as at December 31, 2018) is pledged as collateral for the Company’s long‐term debt. 

Included in the net carrying amount of property, plant and equipment as at December 31, 2019 are right‐of‐use 
assets as follows 

Buildings 
Production equipment 
Rolling stock 
Office equipment 
Total right‐of‐use asset 

13. Intangible assets 

December 31, 
2019

$ 2,706,076  
333,733
218,201
31,546
$  3,289,556

Goodwill 

  $  471,009 
‐ 
41,189 

Customer 
relationships 

Patents 

Total 

$  101,926
(48,603)
6,359

$      822,622
(49,464)
‐

$ 1,395,557 
(98,067) 
47,548 

512,198 
‐ 
(24,555) 

59,682
(49,756)
(1,810)

773,158
(49,104)
‐

1,345,038 
(98,860) 
(26,365) 

January 1, 2018 
Amortisation 
Foreign exchange 

December 31, 2018 
Amortisation 
Foreign exchange 

December 31, 2019 

$ 487,643 

$ 8,116

$ 

724,054

$ 1,219,813 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

14. Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other payables and accrued liabilities 

15. Borrowings 

Bank indebtedness (a) 

Short‐term borrowings (b) 

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018 

$ 4,113,657
1,807,662
$ 5,921,319

$ 6,950,121 
2,240,188 
$ 9,190,309 

December 31, 
2019 

December 31, 
2018

$  4,538,393 

$  8,113,718

‐   

804,419

Total bank indebtedness and short term borrowings

$  4,538,393 

$  8,918,137

Long‐term debt 

Loan, bearing interest at the lender’s base rate minus 0.5% 
(effective rate of 5.55% as at December 31, 2018 and 2019), 
secured by production equipment having a net book value of 
approximately $6,000,000. (c) 

Loan, bearing interest at the lender’s base rate plus 0.67%, 
(effective rate of 6.72% as at December 31, 2018 and 2019) secured 
by the same production equipment as the loan above. (d) 

Loan, bearing interest at the lender’s base rate minus 1.0%, 
(effective rate of 5.05% as at December 31, 2018 and 2019) secured 
by production equipment having a net book value of approximately 
$650,000. (e) 

Loan, bearing interest at a fixed rate of 3.746% secured by a 
$3.6 million hypothec on  a piece of equipment. (f) 

Loan, bearing interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% secured by a 
$3.3 million hypothec on a  piece of equipment. (g) 

Loan (US$730,334 as at December 31, 2018), bearing interest at the 
US prime rate, reset monthly, plus 3.00% (effective rate of 8.50% as 
at December 31, 2018) secured by the production equipment of the 
subsidiary having a net book value of approximately $10,700,000 
and a corporate guarantee from the Parent Company. (h) 

Total long‐term debt 

Lease obligations (Note 16)  

Total borrowings 

1,419,250   

1,905,850

222,080 

250,000

308,210 

408,170

3,334,085 

3,080,889 

‐

‐

‐ 

8,364,514 

1,007,244

3,571,264

3,517,554 

1,568,423

16,420,461 

14,057,824

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

15. Borrowings (continued) 

Current 

Bank indebtedness 
Short‐term borrowings 
Long‐term debt, current portion 
Lease obligations, current portion 

Non‐current 

Long‐term debt 
Lease obligations 

Total borrowings 

December 31, 
2019 

December 31, 
2018

$   4,538,393 
‐ 
1,922,849 
1,103,729 
7,564,971 

$   8,113,718
804,419
1,432,505
89,517
10,440,159

6,441,665 
2,413,825 
8,855,490 

2,138,759
1,478,906
3,617,665

$ 16,420,461 

$ 14,057,824

The  interest  expense  on  long‐term  debt  amounted  to  $265,849  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2019 
($260,440 in 2018). 

(a)  The  Company  has  an  operating  line  of  credit  with  its  bankers  for  a  maximum  of  $12,000,000,  bearing 
interest at prime plus 0.40% as at December 31, 2019 and 2018  for an effective interest rate of 4.35% at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018.  The line of credit is secured by trade receivables and inventories. The line of 
credit may be reviewed periodically by the bank and is repayable on demand. The operating line of credit is 
subject to working capital and debt to equity covenants (as defined in the lending agreement), all of which 
were  respected  as  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018  and  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2019  and 
2018. As at December 31, 2019, the Company had drawn $4,538,393 ($8,113,718 as at December 31, 2018) 
on the line of credit. 

(b)  The  Company  borrowed  by  way  of  a  three‐month  bankers’  acceptance  at  an  annualized  rate  of  2.32%  to 
make  a  down  payment  on  a  piece  of  equipment.  This  down  payment  is  guaranteed  by  a  letter  of  credit 
issued by the supplier’s financial institution. During the course of the 2019 fiscal year, when the equipment 
was  received  and  the  long  term  loan  related  to  this  piece  of  equipment  was  funded,  the  banker’s 
acceptance was fully reimbursed. 

(c)  The loan is repayable in monthly instalments of $40,550 until November 2022. 

(d)  The  loan  is  repayable  in  one  instalment  of  $3,630  in  May  2019  followed  by  71  monthly  instalments  of 

$3,470 until April 2025. 

(e)  The  loan  is  repayable  in  one  instalment  of  $8,530  followed  by  59  monthly  instalments  of  $8,330  through 

January 2023. 

(f)  The  Company  borrowed  $3,609,480  for  payments  towards  a  piece  of  equipment  through  a  loan  which  is 
repayable in blended monthly instalments of $66,072 through July 2024. This loan is secured by a hypothec 
on a specific piece of equipment of the Company. The progressive payments made to the supplier for this 
piece of equipment were initially borrowed under a lease agreement and all amounts were transferred to 
this loan when the equipment was fully delivered. 

(g)  The Company borrowed $3,280,940 for payments towards a piece of equipment that was received during 
the course of the 2019 fiscal year. This loan is repayable in blended monthly instalments of $60,061 through 
August  2024.  This  loan  is  secured  by  a  hypothec  on  a  specific  piece  of  equipment  of  the  Company.  The 
banker’s acceptance that was outstanding as at December 31, 2018 was reimbursed with the proceeds of 
this loan. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

15. Borrowings (continued) 

(h)  This loan, initially repayable in 20 equal quarterly instalments through January 2020, was reimbursed in full, 
including all interest due at the payment date, without incurring any penalties. This loan was recorded at 
the  effective  interest  rate  method,  net  of  all  incremental  transaction  costs  directly  attributable  to  the 
transaction. This loan is subject to certain covenants that were respected as at December 31, 2018. 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  the  Company  received  an  amount  of  $1,261,200  to  finance  the 
purchase of production equipment. This amount was reimbursed in full with no penalty during the course of the 
year. 

The aggregate scheduled repayment of long‐term debt is as follows: 

Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than five years
Later than 5 years 

$ 1,922,849
6,427,785
13,880
$ 8,364,514

The changes in the Company’s liabilities arising from borrowings can be classified as follows: 

Balance as of January 1, 2018 
Cash flows: 

Proceeds 
Repayments 

Non‐cash: 

Amortization of debt 
issuance costs 
Foreign exchange and other 

Balance as of December 31, 2018 
Cash flows: 

Proceeds 
Repayments 

Non‐cash: 

Impact of IFRS 16 adoption 
New leases or advances 
Amortization of debt 
issuance costs 
Foreign exchange and other 
Conversion to debt 

Balance as of December 31, 2019 

Short‐term 
borrowings and 
bank indebtedness 
$ 5,827,182 

Long‐term debt 
$ 4,345,367 

Lease obligations 
$ 475,062 

Total 

$ 10,647,611 

6,572,519 
(3,500,000) 

1,761,200 
(2,629,503) 

1,288,400 
(200,813) 

9,622,119 
(6,330,316) 

‐ 
18,436 

(4,875) 
99,075 

‐ 
5,774 

(4,875) 
123,285 

8,918,137 

3,571,264 

1,568,423 

14,057,824 

16,990,385 
(21,371,968) 

3,748,245 
(2,061,900) 

‐ 
(1,060,887) 

20,738,630 
(24,494,755) 

‐ 
‐ 

‐ 
‐ 

‐ 
1,839 
‐ 
$ 4,538,393 

(6,966) 
(28,304) 
3,142,175 
$ 8,364,514 

4,293,815 
1,891,546 

‐ 
(33,168) 
(3,142,175) 
$ 3,517,554 

4,293,815 
1,891,546 

(6,966) 
(59,633) 
‐ 
$ 16,420,461 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

16. 

Lease obligations 

The Company has entered into certain finance lease agreements relating to their manufacturing plants, vehicles 
and other machinery and equipment (see note 12). Finance lease payments are due as follows: 

Not later than one year 
Later than one year and not later than five years
Later than five years 
Total minimum lease payments 
Less amount representing interest at approximately 5.4%
Present value of minimum lease payments 
Less the long‐term portion 
Current portion of lease obligations 

$  1,272,855
2,587,128
18,049
3,878,032
(360,478)
3,517,554
(1,103,729)
$  2,413,825

These balances also include the lease obligations recognized on January 1, 2019 following the adoption of IFRS 
16, as explained in note 2 of these consolidated financial statements. 

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company received $1,288,400 under a finance lease agreement 
for interim payments made to a supplier for a piece of machinery.  

During the year ended December 31, 2019 the Company financed the acquisition of rolling stock for an amount 
of $37,771 by entering into a lease. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company received additional 
advances of $1,853,775 under a lease agreement. An amount of $3,142,175, including these advances as well as 
those  received  during the  year  ended December  31l 2019,  was converted  into  a  long  term  when  the  piece  of 
equipment was received. 

Total cash outflow for leases for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $1.3 million and 
$1.2 million, respectively. 

17. Share capital 

The  Company’s  authorized  share  capital  consists  of  an  unlimited  number  of  common  shares,  voting, 
participating,  without  par  value.  At  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  there  were  50,013,637  common  shares 
outstanding. 

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company issued 150,000 shares for cash consideration totaling 
$60,000 following the exercise of options that were issued in 2016. As at December 31, 2018 and 2019, there 
were no warrants outstanding. 

18. Share‐based compensation 

Pursuant to the Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”) of the Company, 4,973,860 of the common shares are reserved 
for options. The Plan provides that the term of the options shall be fixed by directors. Officers and employees of 
the Company are eligible to receive options. Options are granted at an exercise price of not less than the fair 
value of the Company’s shares on the date the options are granted. Options may be exercisable for a period no 
longer than five (5) years and the exercise price must be paid in full upon exercise of the option. 

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019,  the  Company  granted  100,000  options  to  a  sales  agent  with  an 
exercise  price  of  $0.55.  The  options  are  convertible  into  an  equal  number  of  shares  with  one  quarter  of  the 
options vesting immediately at issuance and an additional quarter vesting every six‐month period thereafter. 

During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company granted 250,000 options to directors of the Company 
to acquire an equal amount of shares at $0.76 for a period of 5 years. These options vest in 4 tranches over 18 
months, the first vesting at issuance and the other tranches vest at six‐month intervals. 

The expense relating to the issue of option grants totalled $75,048 for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 
$122,832 for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

18. Share‐based compensation (continued) 

The  following  are  the  assumptions  used  in  order  to  value  the  options  as  well  as  general  information  on  each 
outstanding option grant: 

Fair value assumptions 

10/09/2019  29/11/2018 29/11/2017 22/06/2017 06/09/2016

21/06/2016  16/06/2015

Total 

Outstanding as at 01/01/2018 
Issued 
Exercised 
Outstanding as at 31/12/2018 
Exercised 
Issued 
Outstanding as at 31/12/2019 
Exercisable as at 31/12/2018 
Exercisable as at 31/12/2019 
Remaining life of options (yrs) 
Expected life of options (yrs) 
Expiry 

Expected share price volatility 
Dividend yield 

1,175,000 
‐ 

‐
250,000
‐
250,000
‐
‐
250,000
62,500
187,500
3.92
2.5 to 3.25

150,000
‐
‐
150,000
‐
‐
150,000
112,500
150,000
2.92
2.5 to 3.25

‐ 
‐ 
(150,000)(1) 
‐ 
1,025,000 
‐ 
‐ 
‐ 
‐ 
100,000 
1,025,000 
100,000 
1,025,000  
‐ 
1,025,000  
25,000 
1.48 
4.70 
2.5 to 3.25 
2.75 to 3.5 
10/09/2024  29/11/2023 29/11/2022 22/06/2022 06/09/2021 21/06/2021 
75.95% ‐ 
82.15% 
0% 

500,000
‐
‐
500,000
‐
‐
500,000
500,000
500,000
1.69
2.5 to 3.25

50,000
‐
‐
50,000
‐
‐
50,000
50,000
50,000
2.48
2.5 to 3.25

61.21% ‐  
64.47% 
0% 

80.01% ‐ 
83.03%
0%

67.14% ‐ 
70.41%
0%

79.13% ‐ 
80.17%
0%

76.59% ‐ 
79.60%
0%

2,525,000 
250,000 
(150,000)
2,625,000 
‐ 
100,000 
2,725,000 
2,400,000 
2,587,500 

650,000
‐
‐
650,000
‐
‐
650,000
650,000
650,000
0.46
2.75 to 3.5
15/06/2020
83.19% ‐
98.85%
0%

Fair value assumptions 

10/09/2019  29/11/2018 29/11/2017 22/06/2017 06/09/2016

21/06/2016  16/06/2015

Total 

Risk free rate 

1.44% 

2.23%

1.62%

1.15%

0.51%

0.50% 

Exercise price 
Share price on grant date 
Fair value of option at grant 

$ 0.55 
$ 0.55 
$ 0.30 

$ 0.76
$ 0.76
$ 0.35

$ 1.11
$ 1.11
$ 0.57

$ 1.03
$ 1.03
$ 0.53

$ 0.42
$ 0.42
$ 0.21

$ 0.40 
$ 0.40 
$ 0.21 

0.55% to 
0.65%
$ 0.52
$ 0.52
$ 0.30

(1) The fair value of the common shares at the exercise date was $0.88 per share. 

The  expected volatility  was calculated  using  the  average  closing  price  change  of  the  Company’s  shares  on  the 
TSX over the expected life of the options. 

19. Non‐cash transactions 

During the year ended December 31, 2019 the Company financed the acquisition of rolling stock for a value of 
$37,771  by  entering  into  a  finance  lease.  Moreover,  the  Company  made  payments  totalling  $1,853,775  to  a 
supplier  for  a  piece  of  machinery.  Those  amounts  were  advanced  to  the  Company  under  a  finance  lease 
agreement and were transferred to a long term loan when the pieces of equipement were received. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

20. Financial instruments 

20.1 Fair value and classification of financial instruments 

Carrying amount and fair value
December 31,
December 31, 
2018
2019

$      60,942
11,409,112
11,470,054

$      310,874
15,293,902
15,604,776

4,538,393
‐
4,685,742
8,364,514
17,588,649

8,113,718
804,419
8,029,262
3,571,264
20,518,663

Financial assets 
Amortised cost 

Cash 
Trade and other receivables (1)  

Financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities, at amortised cost 

Bank indebtedness 
Short‐term borrowings 
Trade and other payables (2) 
Long‐term debt 

(1) Excludes sales taxes 
(2) Excludes employee benefits 

Fair value estimates are made as of the date of the consolidated statement of financial position, using available 
information  about  the  financial  instrument.  These  estimates  are  subjective  in  nature  and  often  cannot  be 
determined with precision. 

The  following  methods  and  assumptions  were  used  to  determine  the  estimated  fair  value  of  each  class  of 
financial instruments: 

 

 

The  fair  value  of  cash,  trade  and  other  receivables,  bank  indebtedness,  short‐term  borrowings  and 
trade  and  other  payables  approximates  their  respective  carrying  amounts  as  at  the  date  of  the 
consolidated statement of financial position because of the short‐term maturity of those instruments. 

The  fair  value  of  long‐term  debt  that  bears  interest  at  floating  and  fixed  rates  is  estimated  using  a 
discounted  cash  flows  approach,  which  discounts  the  contractual  cash  flows  using  discount  rates 
derived from observable market interest rates of similar loans with similar risks. Over time, changes in 
market interest rates may cause a difference between the fair value and the carrying value of long‐term 
debt that bears interest at fixed rates. 

The  Company  ensures,  to  the  extent  possible,  that  its  valuation  techniques  and  assumptions  incorporate  all 
factors  that  market  participants  would  consider  in  setting  a  price  and  that  it  is  consistent  with  accepted 
economic methods for pricing financial instruments. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

20. Financial instruments (continued) 
20.2 Fair value hierarchy 

The  Company  categorizes  its  financial  instruments  into  a  three‐level  fair  value  measurement  hierarchy  as 
follows: 

Level–1 ‐ valuation based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 

Level–2 ‐ valuation techniques based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable 
for the asset or liability, either directly (as prices) or indirectly (derived from prices); 

Level–3  ‐  valuation  techniques  using  inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  that  are  not  based  on  observable  market 
data (unobservable inputs). 

As at December 31, 2019 and 2018, the fair values of long‐term debt are categorised as Level 2. 

21. Risk management 

21.1 Capital management 

The Company’s objective in managing capital is to ensure sufficient liquidity to pursue its growth while at the 
same time taking a conservative approach towards financial leverage and financial risk.  

The Company’s capital is composed of net debt and shareholders’ equity. Net debt consists of interest‐bearing 
debt less cash. The Company’s primary uses of capital are to finance increases in non‐cash working capital and 
capital expenditures for capacity expansion and integration. 

The  Company’s  primary  measure  to  monitor  financial  leverage  is  Debt  to  Earnings  before  Interest,  Taxes, 
Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”). 

Credit facility arrangements require that the Company meet certain financial ratios at fixed points in time. The 
financial covenants are, as at December 31, 2019: 
‐  Working capital ratio, defined as current assets divided by current liabilities greater than or equal to 1.10:1.00; 
‐  Debt to equity ratio, defined as total debt excluding taxes divided by equity and deferred taxes less intangible 

assets of less than or equal to 2.50:1.00; 

21.2 Foreign currency risk management 

The Company’s Canadian operations face foreign currency risk as a result of a significant portion of the costs of 
raw material for these sales being in USD. The Company’s sales in USD act as a hedge against this risk, mitigating 
the risk.  

The  Company  also  faces  foreign  currency  risk  through  its  foreign  subsidiary,  Imaflex  USA,  whose  functional 
currency is the USD. Imaflex does not specifically hedge this foreign currency risk. 

The  Company  also  has  a  portion  of  its  debt  in  USD.  The  majority  of  the  cash  flows  generated  by  the  assets 
financed by these borrowings in USD are in USD.  

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

21. Risk management (continued) 
21.2 Foreign currency risk management (continued) 

The following is a summary of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are denominated in USD, which 
is in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency: 

Cash 
Trade receivables 
Trade payables  
Bank indebtedness 
Net financial position exposure 

$  

December 31,
2019
38,968 
3,032,910 
(1,722,323)
(36,519)
$  1,313,036 

  $  

December 31, 
2018
6,481 
4,408,143 
(3,233,428)
(946,707)
$     234,489 

A $0.05 appreciation of the Canadian dollar against the USD would decrease its financial position by $126,068 as 
at December 31, 2019 (an increase of $48,568  as at December 31, 2018).  Conversely a $0.05 depreciation of 
the Canadian dollar against the USD would have the opposite effect. Management estimates that every $0.01 
appreciation of the USD against the Canadian dollar would have a positive impact on the Company’s results of 
approximately $7,452. Every $0.01 depreciation of the USD against the Canadian dollar would have the opposite 
effect. 

21.3 Interest rate risk management 

The Company’s exposure to interest rate fluctuations is with respect to its short‐term and long‐term financing, 
which bear interest at floating rates. 

At the reporting date, the carrying value of the Company’s interest‐bearing financial liabilities was as follows: 

Variable rate instruments 
Financial liabilities  

Gross financial position exposure 

Sensitivity analysis 

December 31,
2019

December 31, 
2018

$ 6,487,933
$ 6,487,933

$ 12,973,383
$ 12,973,383

A 100 basis point increase in interest rates at the reporting date would result in a decrease in income for the 
year ended December 31, 2019 of approximately $74,291 ($ 117,000 for 2018). Conversely a decrease in interest 
rates would have the opposite effect. 

21.4 Liquidity risk management 

Liquidity  risk,  the  risk  that  the  Company  will  not  be  able  to  meet  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due,  is 
managed  through  the  Company’s  capital  structure  and  financial  leverage.  The  Company  obtains  financing 
through a mix of share issuance on the capital markets and borrowings from financial institutions. An analysis of 
financial leverage is used to determine the required mix between the different sources of liquidity offered to the 
Company while keeping an acceptable risk level in the Company’s leverage. 

The  Company  ensures  that  it  maintains  sufficient  cash  flow  to  pay  its  obligations  within  the  next  12  months. 
Cash flows generated from operations are matched to the liquidity required to meet its financial obligations for 
the sources of financing used to generate that cash flow. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

21. Risk management (continued) 
21.4 Liquidity risk management (continued) 

The  Company  has  an  operating  line  of  credit  of  up  to  $12,000,000,  of  which  an  amount  of  $4,538,393  was 
utilized as at December 31, 2019. Borrowings under the Company’s operating line of credit bear interest at the 
bank’s prime rate plus 0.40%. In order to ensure that this line of credit is sufficient to fund the Company’s cash 
requirements, management follows the movements in the collateral against which the line of credit is given. 

As  at  December  31,  2019,  the  carrying  amount  and  undiscounted  contractual  cash  flows  for  the  Company's 
liabilities are as follows: 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flow 

1 year or less

2‐5 years  More than 5 

Bank indebtedness 
Long‐term debt (1) 
Lease obligations (2) 
Trade and other payables (3) 

$ 4,538,393
8,364,513
3,517,554
4,685,742

$ 4,538,393
9,130,351
3,878,032
4,685,742

$ 4,538,393
2,235,341
1,272,855
4,685,742

$                  ‐ 
6,880,938 
2,587,128 
‐ 

years 

$               ‐
14,072
18,049
‐

$21,106,202

$22,232,518

$12,732,331

$ 9,468,066 

  $   32,121

(1) The  interest  on  the  long‐term  debt  is  based  on  prevailing  interest  rates  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated 
statement of financial position. 
(2) The contractual cash flow for finance leases includes the interest on the borrowings. 
(3) Excludes employee benefits 

22. Related party transactions 

Entities in which key management personnel has an interest 

During the year, in the normal course of business, the Company had routine transactions with entities owned by 
shareholders and key management personnel of the Company. These transactions are measured at fair value, 
which  is  the  amount  of  consideration  established  and  agreed  to  by  the  related  parties.  Details  of  these 
transactions not disclosed elsewhere in these consolidated financial statements are as follows: 

Entities owned by key management 

personnel or their family 
members 

Rent 
Lease liability payments 
Interest expense included in lease 

payments above 
Lease liability balance 
Key management personnel services 
Entities over which key management 

personnel have significant 
influence 

Professional services 

Transactions for the year 
ended 

Amounts owing as at 

Non‐secured commitments 
as at 

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018 

December 31, 
2019

December 31, 
2018

$                 ‐
1,111,683

$     975,471
‐

$

‐
‐

$              ‐  
‐ 

$ ‐
‐

$ 6,605,537
‐

197,728
3,036,345
142,245

‐
‐
146,628

‐ 
‐
13,773

‐ 
‐ 
12,689 

31,400

69,351

31,400

69,351 

‐

‐

‐

‐ 
‐
‐

‐

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 

22. Related party transactions (continued) 
Key management personnel 

The  table  below  details  the  compensation  paid  to  the  key  members  of  management,  which  include  the 
Company’s chief executive officer, the vice president of marketing and innovation, the production director, the 
vice president of corporate affairs, the chief financial officer and members of the board of directors. 

Year ended

December 31, 
2019
$   934,999
41,000
13,298
17,145
60,004
49,236
$ 1,115,682

December 31, 
2018
$    915,840
41,000
13,101
14,788
112,193
44,972
$ 1,141,894

Salaries 
Director’s fees 
Short‐term employee benefits 
Post‐employment benefits – State‐run plans 
Share‐based compensation 
Other benefits 

23. Subsequent events 

Subsequent  to  year‐end,  a  global  pandemic  caused  by  an  outbreak  of  a  new  strain  of  coronavirus  (COVID‐19) 
resulted in a major global health crisis which continues to have impacts on the global economy and the financial 
markets at the date of completion of the financial statements.  

These events may cause significant changes to the Company’s assets or liabilities in the coming year, particularly 
to  accounts  receivables,  although  the  Company’s  initial  assessment  did  not  identify  customers  with  a  great 
exposure to segments of the economy most impacted by the crisis. These events may also have an impact on 
future  operations,  although  for  the  moment  all  of  the  Company’s  plants  remain  fully  operational  at  normal 
business  levels  given  it  is  considered  an  essential  supplier. The  Company  has  taken  and  will  continue  to  take 
action to minimize the impact. However, it is impossible to determine the financial implications of these events 
for the moment. 

36