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Registered number: 07353748
KERAS RESOURCES PLC
ANNUAL REPORT 2020
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Contents
Pages
Company Information ...........................................................................................................................................................2
Chairman’s Statement ...........................................................................................................................................................3
Strategic Report .....................................................................................................................................................................5
The Board ..............................................................................................................................................................................11
Corporate Governance Statement....................................................................................................................................12
Directors’ Report..................................................................................................................................................................15
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Keras Resources PLC..................................................................18
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income ....................................................................................................23
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position................................................................................................................24
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity – 30 September 2020 .......................................................................25
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity – 30 September 2019 .......................................................................26
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ...........................................................................................................................27
Company Statement of Financial Position ......................................................................................................................28
Company Statement of Changes in Equity......................................................................................................................29
Company Statement of Cash Flows..................................................................................................................................30
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements...........................................................................................................31
Throughout this document ‘Keras’, ‘Keras Resources’ or ‘the Company’ means Keras Resources PLC and ‘the
Group’ means the Company and its subsidiaries.
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Company information
Directors:
B Moritz (Non-executive chairman)
R Lamming (Chief executive officer)
D Reeves (Non-executive director)
Company secretary:
Cargil Management Services Limited
Company number:
07353748
Registered office:
Nominated advisor
and joint broker:
Joint broker:
Solicitor:
Auditor:
Registrars:
27/28 Eastcastle Street
London W1W 8DH
SP Angel Corporate Finance LLP
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Shard Capital Partners LLP
23rd Floor
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Memery Crystal LLP
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PKF Littlejohn LLP
Statutory Auditor
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Share Registrars Limited
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Farnham, Surrey, GU9 7DR
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Chairman’s Statement
The highlights of the period since my last report are the acquisition of a controlling interest in a new project,
the Diamond Creek phosphate mine in Utah, USA, which is expected to begin generating cash for Keras during
the current year, and the successful completion of the demerger of the Company’s interests in ASX listed Calidus
Resources Limited, through a capital reduction scheme. In addition to the value distributed to shareholders, it
also left Keras with distributable reserves creating a balance sheet that is geared towards the cashflow strategy
adopted by the Company.
In addition, the Company has continued to take steps to ensure the grant of the exploitation licence for its
Nayéga manganese mine in Togo. Management has made steady progress with the new Togolese government,
has ensured that there are no outstanding requirements related to the grant of the exploitation permit, and
look forward to tangible progress in 2021.
Diamond Creek phosphate mine
Diamond Creek is the highest grade organic phosphate deposit in the US and is owned by a Delaware registered
company Falcon Isle Holdings LLC (“Falcon Isle”). Keras has agreed to loan a total of $2.5m to Falcon Isle, of
which $1.9m had been advanced by 30 September 2020. At the same date Keras had subscribed, for nominal
consideration, for 40% of the issued capital of Falcon Isle. Subsequent to 30 September 2020 Keras has advanced
the final $600,000 of its loan commitment and now owns 51% of Falcon Isle, so that Falcon Isle will be treated
as a subsidiary company for future accounting periods.
Diamond Creek is fully permitted and has mined, processed and sold organic phosphate during the last quarter
of the financial year. The mined material only requires crushing, milling and bagging before being sold as high
grade organic fertilizer. The Diamond Creek mine produces the highest grade organic phosphate available in
the US - a 28% Phosphorus pentoxide (‘P205’) premium product with minimum 14% available phosphorous (‘P’).
The available P is significantly higher than the 3% marketed by the majority of its competitors. It also has a long
life of mine: at a peak production rate of 48ktpa, the historic “surface mineable resources” alone represent in
excess of 60 years of production. The project does not currently have a JORC compliant resource but has a pre-
stripped area with production drilling information representing 2 ½ years of planned production.
Production of organic fertilizer for sale to the North American market is planned to increase in stages up to
48,000 tons in Year 5, with forecasted operating costs reducing from an initial $229/ton to US$92/ton at peak
production. In the first year of production 7,600 tons were produced, an increase of more than 50% over budget,
of which 1,012 tons were sold.
Up to now beneficiation has been undertaken through toll-treating agreements. A new processing plant, which
was fabricated and shipped from Shanghai, is now on site in Utah and construction is under way. This new plant,
to be owned and operated by Falcon Isle, has design capacity to process the five-year 48,000-ton production
target and will increase both the installed capacity and flexibility to beneficiate a variety of organic phosphate
products. It will also result in a significant reduction in operating costs compared with the current toll agreements.
Commissioning remains on schedule and the plant is expected to be operational by the end of March 2021.
Capital reduction and demerger of Calidus Resources Limited
During the year the Company completed the demerger of its holding of 723,750,000 shares in Calidus Resources
Limited (“Calidus”) by means of a capital reduction.
The capital reduction and demerger were approved by shareholders on 14 October 2019. Following the second
High Court hearing, the Calidus shares were transferred to Keras shareholders on the register at 6.00pm on 19
November 2019 on the basis of 1 Calidus share for every 3.451963 Keras shares held by them on that date.
Calidus shares were subsequently consolidated on a 10 for 1 basis, and are currently trading on the ASX at
approximately double the price of A$0.23 per share (as adjusted for the consolidation) immediately following
the demerger.
The capital reduction resulted in very substantial changes to the capital and reserves of Keras. Under the Court
Orders, the balance on the Company’s share premium account was cancelled, followed by the deferred shares,
and the nominal value of each ordinary share was reduced from 0.1p (“Old Ordinary Shares”) to 0.01p (“New
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Chairman’s Statement
continued
Ordinary Shares”). The amount repayable to shareholders was satisfied by the transfer to them of the Calidus
shares. As a result, the deficit on distributable reserves has been eliminated, so that profits made in future will
be available for the payment of dividends.
The costs of the capital reduction and demerger, amounting to some £130,000, have been borne by Keras.
Nayéga manganese mine/Togo
On the 18 October 2019 the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Togo published a decree granting the right
for large-scale exploitation of the manganese deposit at Nayéga to the Company’s subsidiary, Societe Generale
des Mines (“SGM”). Since that date the Company has concentrated its efforts on finalising the required
exploitation permit. A number of factors have contributed to the delay in obtaining this licence. Early in 2020
there was a presidential election in Togo, which resulted in the re-election of the standing president. As is
customary, the prime minister and his government resigned after the election, requiring Keras to forge new
relationships with incoming ministers. To that must be added the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic. Togo has been
among the most successful countries worldwide in dealing with the pandemic, but for a substantial part of the
year its borders were closed. Notwithstanding these problems, substantial progress has been made, in particular
following the reopening of air borders in September 2020 allowing management to continue with their efforts.
The terms of the permit and associated protocols have been agreed, and SGM has been converted from a private
to a public company, as required by law and in compliance with the draft Mining Convention. Finance for plant
expansion through an offtake agreement is expected to be signed following the grant of the exploitation licence.
The Government of Togo is entitled to a 10% carried interest in SGM on grant of the exploitation licence. As
part of its commitment to benefit the area where Nayéga is situated, Keras is establishing a charitable
foundation for the benefit of local communities, to which Keras intends to contribute 5% of its attributable net
profits from SGM.
The exploitation permit requires Presidential approval to allow operations to commence.
Financial review
The Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year shows a loss of £1,242,000 (2019 – loss
£471,000). The results of the two periods are not comparable as the previous year includes the positive surplus
of £681,000 from the bulk sample produced at Nayéga. The loss for the year under review has also been
increased by the costs of discontinuing the previous Share Appreciation Rights scheme (£119,828), and thereby
benefitting shareholders by increasing the number of Calidus shares transferred to them under the demerger,
and the Company’s proportion of Falcon Isle’s net loss (£4,000).
Keras undertook fund raisings, in January and July 2020, raising £310,000 and £1,728,000 respectively, for
working capital and, in the case of the second placing, to finance the Diamond Creek mine. Since the end of the
year a further £1,550,000 has been raised. This level of cash is sufficient to allow Keras to seek and evaluate
new projects.
Outlook
The current year will see the expansion of the Diamond Creek mine into a valuable and profitable asset for the
Group, aided by the commissioning of the new processing plant.
The Board also remains hopeful that profitable production will commence at the Nayéga manganese mine in Togo.
Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank the rest of the board and our management team for their
hard work, and shareholders for their continuing support.
Brian Moritz
Chairman
23 February 2021
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Strategic Report
Strategy and Business Plan
The Group’s strategy is to maximise shareholder value through diversified revenue streams from its two core
assets, Diamond Creek and Nayéga, thus enhancing the value of those assets through brownfields expansion
projects while still identifying potential new projects that increase shareholder value by taking projects through
the life cycle from feasibility to development.
The Group’s business model has established the Company as an efficient and low cost explorer/developer.
During the reporting period the Group was focussed on three main areas:
1.
2.
3.
Demerging its shares in Calidus Resources Limited to shareholders by way of a capital reduction scheme.
This was finalised in November 2019.
Acquiring a producing mine with near term cash flow – the Diamond Creek phosphate mine in Utah, USA. The
mine is owned by Falcon Isle, in which the Company acquired a 40% equity interest during the reporting period,
subsequently increased to 51%. The Company has loaned Falcon Isle $2.5m which is repayable from cash flow.
Progressing the Nayéga manganese project in Togo and preparing for commercial production. The Council
of Ministers of the Republic of Togo has issued a decree granting the right to mine manganese at Nayéga
and, as and when an exploitation permit is obtained, the Group intends to mine commercially at Nayéga
with the minimum of delay, initially using the facilities built for the bulk sample. An internal definitive
feasibility study previously completed for Nayéga indicates that the project represents significant value
potential for the Group.
In exploring and developing mineral deposits, the Group accepts that not all its exploration will be successful
but also that the rewards for success can be high. It therefore expects that its shareholders will be invested for
potential capital growth, taking a long-term view of management’s good track record in mineral discovery and
development. The Directors have continued to invest in the Company and currently hold approximately 22% of
the issued shares in Keras, after allowing for the substantial fund raisings since the year end. We believe this
stake provides further evidence of the Board’s belief in and commitment to its strategy.
To date, the Group has financed its activities through equity raisings. As the Group’s projects become more advanced,
the Board will seek mining and/or offtake finance, and may also investigate strategic opportunities to obtain funding
for projects from future customers via production sharing, royalty and other marketing arrangements.
Financial and Performance Review
There was no turnover in the year under review, but commercial sales have commenced in the year ended
30 September 2021.
The results of the Group are set out in detail in the financial statements. The Group reports a loss for the year
of £1,242,000 (2019: loss £471,000).
As a result of the demerger of the Calidus shares, the consolidated total assets of the Group decreased during
the year from £11.5m to £3.5m. For the same reason, net assets reduced from £11.3m to £3.1m. However, the
capital reduction which was part of the demerger had the effect of reducing the deficit on distributable reserves
from £10.3m to a surplus of £8,000, so that the Company will be in a position to distribute future profits as
dividends, subject to working capital requirements.
Fixed assets total £1,332,000 (2019: £1,383,000) which includes plant at the Nayéga mine totalling £262,000
(2019: £331,000) as well as exploration, evaluation and development expenditure on the Group’s projects in
Togo. The carrying value of the Group’s equity accounted interest in Falcon Isle, primarily costs relating to the
acquisition less its share of losses, totals £1,622,000.
Expenditure such as pre-licence and reconnaissance costs is expensed in profit or loss as incurred.
The Directors have assessed the carrying value of the Nayéga manganese project and no impairment has been
deemed necessary.
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Strategic Report
continued
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
During the year the Board monitored the following KPIs:
•
Cash flow and working capital:
o
o
Short (<3 months) and long term cashflow models are prepared to monitor and forecast the Group’s
funding needs;
Management accounts prepared on a monthly basis for the Group’s key subsidiaries and quarterly
on a consolidated basis; and
o Weekly reporting of the Group’s working capital position.
When the Group receives an exploitation permit for the Nayéga Manganese project, activities at this project
will increase substantially from the current reporting period, to include production forecasts and mine plans.
Mining projects
Africa
Keras currently holds an 85% interest in the Nayéga manganese project in Togo, which covers 92,390 hectares
in northern Togo, held through Societe Generale des Mines SA (“SGM”). As part of the process to convert the
exploration permit to an exploitation permit, the Government of Togo will be granted a carried equity interest
of 10%, so diluting the interest of Keras, reducing the Group’s interest to 76.5%. The project is 30km from a
main road, which has direct access to the regionally important deep-water port of Lome 600km away that has
>800,000t per annum back loading capabilities.
Having defined a JORC (2012) Code compliant Indicated and Measured Resource of 11.0Mt @ 13.1%
manganese, the Group has completed the Phase 1 Definitive Feasibility Study (“DFS”) to develop an initial open-
pit, 300,000tpa manganese operation. To support commercial mining at Nayéga, we have applied for an
exploitation permit. The Council of Ministers of the Republic of Togo has decreed that SGM has the right to
mine manganese at Nayéga, but the Group continues to await the award of the permit itself, and consequently
we have been unable to undertake commercial mining activities during the year. Progress on this is described
above and in the Chairman’s Statement. Test sampling of the material produced as part of the bulk sample
process has indicated a manganese content of 38.9% rather than the 35% envisaged in the DFS referred to
above. As soon as the exploitation permit is granted, therefore, the directors intend to commence commercial
production using the bulk sample plant at the rate of approximately 75,000tpa without the requirement for
further capital expenditure, and to increase production capacity to 300,000tpa using offtake finance.
The Group had previously discontinued and disposed of all its other African projects.
North America
Keras acquired an interest in the Diamond Creek phosphate mine in July 2020, and increased its interest to 51%
in December 2020. The mine is situated approximately 70km SSE of Salt Lake City, Utah. Diamond Creek is a
fully permitted, high grade direct shipping ore (“DSO”), low capex organic phosphate mine, which has a
significant historical mineral resource (mineral resources have not been classified according to any International
Reporting Standard) with the first 2.5 years of production already pre-stripped. The phosphate mineralisation
comprises shale beds in the Meade Peak Member of the Phosphoria Formation. The mineralised zone is c.3m
thick and averages 28% P2O5 with average available phosphorous of 16%. Historic reports vary with “surface
mineable resources” ranging from 3.10Mt to 4.60Mt. At a peak production rate of 48ktpa, the opencast
resources alone represent in excess of 60 years of production.
The product has received Organic Certification by all three key certification agencies in the USA. As a direct
shipping ore it requires no chemical upgrade process, with in-situ grade of 28% P2O5, low heavy metal impurities
and significantly higher available phosphate than any other organic rock phosphate in North America.
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The 2020 mining campaign was completed in October 2020 with a total of 7,620 ore tons extracted from the
mine. To date beneficiation has been undertaken through toll-treating agreements. A new plant, to be owned
and operated by the Group, which has the capacity to process the 5-year 48,000-ton production target, has been
manufactured in China and shipped to the USA. Commissioning is expected to be complete by 31 March 2021.
The plant will include a crushing and milling circuit to produce a range of products comprising -10 mesh, -100
mesh and -350 mesh powders and a granulation plant to produce high margin granulated organic phosphate.
The processing facility will also include a bagging plant to ensure that all products are available in both one ton
tote bags and 50lb bags. Once commissioned, the plant will increase both the available capacity and flexibility
to produce different sized beneficiated material whilst lowering operating costs.
Risk Management
The Board regularly reviews the risks to which the Group is exposed and ensures through its meetings and
regular reporting that these risks are minimised as far as possible.
The principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group at this stage in its development are:
Exploration Risk
The Group’s business has been primarily mineral exploration and evaluation which are speculative activities and
whilst the Directors are satisfied that good progress is being made, there is no certainty that the Group will be
successful in the definition of economic mineral deposits, or that it will proceed to the development of any of
its projects or otherwise realise their value.
The Group aims to mitigate this risk when evaluating new business opportunities by targeting areas of potential
where there is at least some historical drilling or geological data available.
Resource Risk
All mineral projects have risk associated with defined grade and continuity. Mineral reserves and resources are
calculated by the Group in accordance with accepted industry standards and codes but are always subject to
uncertainties in the underlying assumptions which include geological projection and commodity price
assumptions.
The Group reports mineral resources and reserves in accordance with the Australasian Code for Reporting of
Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (‘the JORC Code’). The JORC Code is a professional
code of practice that sets minimum standards for public reporting of mineral exploration results, mineral
resources and ore reserves. Further information on the JORC Code can be found at www.jorc.org.
Development Risk
Delays in permitting, financing and commissioning a project may result in delays to the Group meeting
production targets. Changes in commodity prices can affect the economic viability of mining projects and affect
decisions on continuing exploration activity.
Mining and Processing Technical Risk
Notwithstanding the completion of metallurgical testwork, test mining and pilot studies indicating the technical
viability of a mining operation, variations in mineralogy, mineral continuity, ground stability, ground water
conditions and other geological conditions may still render a mining and processing operation economically or
technically non-viable.
The Group has a small team of mining professionals experienced in geological evaluation, exploration, financing
and development of mining projects. To mitigate development risk, the Group supplements this from time to
time with engagement of external expert consultants and contractors.
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Strategic Report
continued
Environmental Risk
Exploration and development of a project can be adversely affected by environmental legislation and the
unforeseen results of environmental studies carried out during evaluation of a project. Once a project is in
production unforeseen events can give rise to environmental liabilities.
The Group is now entering the mining stage. Any disturbance to the environment during this phase is required
to be rehabilitated in accordance with the prevailing regulations of the countries in which we operate.
Financing & Liquidity Risk
The Group has had an ongoing requirement to fund its activities through the equity markets and may in future
need obtain finance for project development. There is no certainty such funds will be available when needed.
To date, Keras has managed to raise funds primarily through equity and debt placements despite the very
difficult markets that currently exist for raising funding in the junior mining industry.
Political Risk
All countries carry political risk that can lead to interruption of activity. Politically stable countries can have
enhanced environmental and social permitting risks, risks of strikes and changes to taxation whereas less
developed countries can have, in addition, risks associated with changes to the legal framework, civil unrest and
government expropriation of assets.
Partner Risk
Whilst there has been no past evidence of this, the Group can be adversely affected if joint venture partners
are unable or unwilling to perform their obligations or fund their share of future developments.
The Group aims to mitigate this risk by 1) holding significant majority shareholdings in our projects that we can
commit to funding our minority partners until production and positive cash flow and 2) endeavouring to enter
into joint venture funding arrangements with credible counterparties.
Bribery Risk
The Group has adopted an anti corruption policy and whistle blowing policy under the Bribery Act 2010.
Notwithstanding this, the Group may be held liable for offences under that Act committed by its employees or
subcontractors, whether or not the Group or the Directors had knowledge of the commission of such offences.
Financial Instruments
Details of risks associated with the Group’s financial instruments are given in Note 26 to the financial statements.
Keras does not utilise any complex or derivative financial instruments.
COVID-19
The Directors do not believe that Covid 19 has had a material effect on the Company or its operations other
than travel restrictions which restrict the ability of management to visit operations in Togo and the USA. This
has been mitigated by increased home working and use of electronic communications. The Directors expect
international travel to become easier in the foreseeable future.
Insurance Coverage
The Group maintains a suite of insurance coverage that is appropriate for the Group and Company. This is
arranged via a specialist mining insurance broker and coverage includes public and products liability, travel,
property and medical coverage and assistance while Group employees and consultants are travelling on Group
business. This is reviewed at least annually and adapted as the Group’s scale and nature of activities changes.
Keras also has Directors and Officers insurance in place.
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Internal Controls and Risk Management
The Directors are responsible for the Group’s system of internal financial control. Although no system of internal
financial control can provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss, the Group’s system is
designed to provide reasonable assurance that problems are identified on a timely basis and dealt with
appropriately.
In carrying out their responsibilities, the Directors have put in place a framework of controls to ensure as far as
possible that ongoing financial performance is monitored in a timely manner, that corrective action is taken and
that risk is identified as early as practically possible. The Directors review the effectiveness of internal financial
control at least annually.
The Board, subject to delegated authority, reviews capital investment, property sales and purchases, additional
borrowing facilities, guarantees and insurance arrangements.
The Board takes account of the significance of social, environmental and ethical matters affecting the business
of the Group. At this stage in the Group’s development the Board has not adopted a specific policy on Corporate
Social Responsibility as it has a limited pool of stakeholders other than its shareholders. Rather, the Board seeks
to protect the interests of Keras’ stakeholders through individual policies and through ethical and transparent
actions.
The Group has adopted an anti-corruption and bribery policy and a whistle blowing policy as stated above.
Shareholders
The Directors are always prepared, where practicable and subject to confidentiality under the AIM Rules, to
enter into dialogue with shareholders to promote a mutual understanding of objectives. The Annual General
Meeting provides the Board with an opportunity to informally meet and communicate directly with investors.
Environment
The Board recognises that its principal activities, mineral exploration and mining, have potential to impact on
the local environment. To date, activities at the various projects have been limited to mining and drilling activities
and the Group does comply with local regulatory requirements with regard to environmental compliance and
rehabilitation. The impact on the environment of the Group’s activities has the potential to increase as our
projects move into a production phase. This is currently assessed through baseline environmental studies that
are being undertaken and identifying resources needed to manage environmental compliance in the future.
Given the Group’s size and scale it is not considered practical or cost effective to collect and report data on
carbon emissions.
Employees
The Group operates primarily through contractors. Notwithstanding this, the Group engages its employees to
understand all aspects of the Group’s business and seeks to remunerate its employees fairly, being flexible
where practicable. The Group gives full and fair consideration to applications for employment received
regardless of age, gender, colour, ethnicity, disability, nationality, religious beliefs, transgender status or sexual
orientation. The Group takes account of employees’ interests when making decisions and welcomes suggestions
from employees aimed at improving the Group’s performance.
The Group now operates in Togo and in the USA. It recruits locally as many of its employees and contractors as
practicable.
The Company has three directors and one senior manager (Graham Stacey) – all are male.
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Strategic Report
continued
Suppliers and Contractors
The Group recognises that the goodwill of its contractors, consultants and suppliers is important to its business
success and seeks to build and maintain this goodwill through fair dealings. The Group has a prompt payment
policy and seeks to settle all agreed liabilities within the terms agreed with suppliers.
Health and Safety
The Board recognises that it has a responsibility to provide strategic leadership and direction in the development
of the Group’s health and safety strategy in order to protect all of its stakeholders. The Group does not have a
formal health and safety policy at this time. This is re-evaluated as and when the Group’s nature and scale of
activities expand.
Section 172 statement
The Directors believe they have acted in the way most likely to promote the success of the Company for the
benefit of its members as a whole, as required by s172 of the Companies Act 2006.
The requirements of s172 are for the Directors to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Consider the likely consequences of any decision in the long term;
Act fairly between the members of the Company;
Maintain a reputation for high standards of business conduct;
Consider the interests of the Company’s employees;
Foster the Company’s relationships with suppliers, customers and others; and
Consider the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment.
The Company’s operations and strategic aims are set out throughout the Strategic Report and in the Chairman’s
Statement, and relationships with stakeholders are also dealt with in the Corporate Governance Statement
Russell Lamming
Director
This Strategic Report was approved by the Board of Directors on 23 February 2021
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The Board
BRIAN MORITZ
Non-executive Chairman
Brian is a Chartered Accountant and former Senior Partner of Grant Thornton, London. He formed Grant
Thornton’s Capital Markets Team which floated over 100 companies on AIM under his chairmanship. In 2004 he
retired from Grant Thornton to concentrate on bringing new companies to the market as a director. He
concentrates on mining companies, primarily in Africa, and was formerly chairman of African Platinum PLC
(Afplats) and Metal Bulletin PLC as well as currently being chairman of several junior mining companies.
RUSSELL LAMMING
Chief Executive Officer
Russell Lamming is a qualified geologist with an honours degree in geology from the University of the
Witwatersrand and a Bachelor of Commerce in Economics from the University of Natal. Russell has a broad
range of experience including directorship of a South African mining consultancy and precious metals analyst
for a leading international broker and was the CEO of AIM listed Chromex Mining and Goldplat Plc. He has strong
relationships in London and internationally and has raised considerable funds for resource companies over the
years.
DAVE REEVES
Non-Executive Director
Dave holds a first class honours degree in mining engineering from the University of New South Wales, a
graduate diploma in applied finance and investment from the Securities Institute of Australia, and a Western
Australian first class mine managers certificate of competency. He has over 25 years’ experience and has
operated in Australia, Africa and Europe in gold, precious metals, mineral sands, bulks and copper. He is CEO of
Calidus Resources Limited and non-executive Chairman of ASX and AIM listed European Metals Holdings.
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Corporate Governance Statement
To the extent applicable, and to the extent able (given the current size and structure of the Company and the
Board), the Company has adopted the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance Code. Details of how
the Company complies with the Code, and the reasons for any non-compliance, are set out in the table below,
together with the principles contained in the Code.
No key governance matters have arisen since the publication of the last Annual Report.
In light of the Company’s size and nature, the Board considers that the current Board is a cost effective and
practical method of directing and managing the Company. As the Company’s activities develop in size, nature
and scope, the size of the Board and the implementation of additional corporate governance policies and
structures will be reviewed. Further disclosures under the Code are included on the Company’s website.
Principle 1: Establish a strategy and business model which promote long term value for shareholders.
The Company’s strategy is to identify mining projects which can be developed to create value and income for
shareholders. In June 2017 this strategy was successfully demonstrated when the Company’s Australian gold
exploration assets were floated on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) with the name Calidus Resources
Limited. Since 30 September 2019 the Company’s shares in Calidus have been demerged and transferred to the
Company’s shareholders by way of a capital reduction.
The demerger has permitted the Board to examine other projects, and in particular the Diamond Creek
phosphate mine in Utah, USA, where the Company has completed the staged acquisition of a controlling 51%
equity interest since 30 September 2020.
The Company has also concentrated preparations for mining at its other primary project, the Nayéga manganese
project in Togo. The Company has agreed in principle offtake related finance to expand production at Nayéga,
and is also investigating the use of manganese from Nayéga for battery metal purposes.
Principle 4: Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the
organisation.
The risks facing the Company are detailed in the Strategic Report. The Board seeks to mitigate such risks so far
as it is able to do, but certain important risks cannot be controlled by the Board.
In particular, products the Company is seeking to identify and ultimately mine are traded globally at prices
reflecting supply and demand rather than the cost of production. So far as the Company is concerned, the
substantial decline in the price of iron ore rendered two previous projects non-viable, both of which had
appeared to have substantial value on a discounted cash flow basis, and they were abandoned.
While the Company will only invest in exploration projects where there is a legal right to convert an initial
exploration licence to a mining licence, in practice it may be difficult to obtain such conversion for political
reasons. There is no legal way that the Company can protect itself against this possibility.
Principle 5: Maintain the Board as well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair.
The Company will only begin to earn material income during the current year. For cost reasons the Board has
been reduced to three directors. All of the directors have demonstrated their commitment to the Company by
supporting fund raisings, with the result that they own, in aggregate, some 22.3% of the ordinary issued share
capital. It follows that none of the directors is considered to be independent.
Russell Lamming, the CEO, works full time for the Company. The other directors, Brian Moritz (the Chairman)
and Dave Reeves, are non-executive directors. As Dave Reeves is resident in Australia, physical Board meetings
are held when he is in the United Kingdom and on an ad hoc basis. Where required at other times, Board
meetings are normally conducted with Dave Reeves present by telephone.
12 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp01-pp17.qxp 03/03/2021 18:10 Page 13
The CEO holds frequent informal discussions with the non-executive directors. Throughout the year such
discussions average approximately two per week. Discussions with Brian Moritz are normally held in the
Company’s offices in Cobham, Surrey, while those with Dave Reeves are normally held by telephone.
Non-executive directors are committed to devote 30 days per annum to the Company, but in fact exceed that
required time commitment. Prior to 1 April 2019 each of the non-executive directors has reduced his fees drawn
to half of the contracted amount, to £15,000 per annum for Brian Moritz and £12,000 per annum for Dave
Reeves. Subsequently fees were increased to £42,000 per annum for Brian Moritz and £24,000 per annum for
Dave Reeves, still below the median for AIM companies, but more in line with the time commitments and efforts
of the non-executive directors.
Principle 6: Ensure that between them the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and capabilities.
CVs of the directors are disclosed elsewhere in this Annual Report.
Each of the directors maintains up to date skills by a combination of technical journals and courses.
As an exploration and mining Company the main skills required by the Board are in the area of geology and
mining. Russell Lamming is a qualified geologist and Dave Reeves is a qualified mining engineer, each with a
long history of achievement in this area. Importantly, each of them has also been in charge of the construction
and operation of mines.
As the Company moves into mining rather than exploration the management team has been strengthened by
the appointment of Graham Stacey as Chief Operating Officer with main responsibility for Togo operations.
Graham has wide experience of mining in Africa, and has previously been an executive director of an AIM listed
mining company. In Utah the Company has nominated Jean du Plessis as a director of Falcon Isle with
responsibility for mining and processing. Jean has wide experience of managing such operations in South Africa
and the USA.
Brian Moritz is a Chartered Accountant. In addition to his financial skills he has been registered as a Nominated
Adviser and has wide experience of corporate transactions.
The advice of Azets, a top 10 accounting firm, is sought on technical accounting matters, in particular in relation
to compliance with IFRS.
Principle 7: Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement.
The Board has successfully achieved major objectives by:
•
•
•
Capitalising the value of its Australian exploration assets, floating them on the ASX and demerging the
resulting shares by distributing them to Keras shareholders
Progressing the Nayéga project in Togo from exploration to be fully prepared for commercial mining on
grant of the exploitation permit.
Acquiring a producing phosphate mine in Utah, USA and commencing production.
The Board will concentrate on achieving profitable production and positive cash flow from its existing projects
while continuing to seek other mining projects.
Given the current state of the Company’s development the directors believe that the Board operates efficiently
and cost effectively and that the cost of an external review process is not justified. Nevertheless, it is intended
that the Board will be strengthened in due course to reflect its progress from exploration to mining.
Principle 8: Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours.
So far as possible the Company recruits locally for staff. The contractor for its mining operations in Togo is a
local company, which is also responsible for transportation of the product from the mine to the port of Lome.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 13
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Corporate Governance Statement
continued
In Utah, the Group’s product is a natural organic fertilizer which plays its part in reducing reliance on artificial
manufactured fertilizers.
The Board is conscious of the fact that parts of Africa may be viewed as corrupt areas in which to operate.
Nevertheless, the Company has adopted a comprehensive anti-corruption and whistle blowing policy which is
strictly applied.
The Board utilises an ethical policy which respects local cultural and tribal sensitivities at the Nayéga mine in
Togo. This policy takes account of religious beliefs of the local people.
Principle 10: Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with
shareholders and other relevant stakeholders.
The Board communicates with its stakeholders through social media and webcasts, as well as by announcements
on RNS. It welcomes the ability to meet and engage with shareholders at general meetings, but this has not
been possible in 2020 due to Covid 19 restrictions.
The audit committee normally meets twice per annum, on its own to consider and approve the interim results,
and with the auditors to consider the annual report and matters raised by the auditors based on their audit. So
far as possible recommendations by the auditors are immediately implemented. As the CEO is also present as
an observer at such meetings, no further report is submitted to the Board.
The remuneration committee meets on an ad hoc basis when required. Fees paid to the non-executive directors
are settled by the Chief Executive Officer, as both non-executive directors comprise the remuneration
committee.
Brian Moritz
Chairman
23 February 2021
14 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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Directors’ Report
The Directors present their report together with the audited financial statements of the Group for the year
ended 30 September 2020.
The Group’s projects are set out in the Strategic Report.
Review of business and financial performance
Further details on the financial position and development of the Group are set out in the Chairman’s Statement,
the Strategic Report and the annexed financial statements.
Results
The Group reports a loss for the year of £1,242,000 (2019: loss £471,000).
Major events after the balance sheet date
Since the end of the year further loans have been made to Falcon Isle and the Company’s equity interest has
been increased from 40% to 51%, so that Falcon Isle will be accounted for as a subsidiary in future periods.
The Company has also raised a further £1,550,000, before expenses, by a placing of New Ordinary Shares.
Dividends
The Directors do not recommend payment of a dividend for the year ended 30 September 2020 (2019: £nil).
Political donations
There were no political donations during the year (2019: £nil).
Going concern
The Directors continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements as further
explained in Note 2 to the financial statements.
Directors’ indemnities
The Group maintains Directors and Officers liability insurance providing appropriate cover for any legal action
brought against its Directors and/or officers.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee, which comprises R Lamming and B Moritz, and is chaired by B Moritz, is responsible for
ensuring the financial performance, position and prospects of the Group are properly monitored and reported
on and for meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports relating to accounts and internal controls. Meetings
of the Audit Committee are held at least twice a year, at appropriate times in the reporting and audit cycle. The
Audit Committee is required to report formally to the Board on its proceedings after each meeting on all matters
for which it has responsibility. The members of the Audit Committee are re-elected annually by the Board.
Remuneration Committee
The Remuneration Committee, which comprises D Reeves and B Moritz and which is chaired by D Reeves,
reviews the performance of the executive directors and sets their remuneration, determines the payment of
bonuses to executive directors and considers the future allocation of share options and other equity incentives
pursuant to any share option scheme or equity incentive scheme in operation from time to time to Directors
and employees. Meetings of the Remuneration Committee are intended to be held at least twice a year, but
while the only executive director is the CEO, R Lamming, meetings are only held when required. The
Remuneration Committee is required to report formally to the Board on its proceedings after each meeting on
all matters for which it has responsibility. The members of the Remuneration Committee are re-elected annually
by the Board.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 15
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Directors’ Report
continued
Directors
The following Directors held office throughout the year:
B Moritz
D Reeves
R Lamming
Directors’ interests
The beneficial interests of the Directors holding office on 30 September 2020 in the issued share capital of the
Company were as follows:
B Moritz
D Reeves1,2
R Lamming3
30 September 2020
30 September 2019
Number of
New
Ordinary
Shares
106,627,178
780,706,252
370,916,552
Percentage
of issued
ordinary
share capital
2.19%
16.04%
7.62%
Number of
Old
Ordinary
Shares
102,960,512
470,400,491
69,157,461
Percentage
of issued
ordinary
share capital
4.13%
18.88%
2.78%
1 477,960,361 New Ordinary Shares are held by the Elwani Trust whose beneficiaries are the spouse and children of David Reeves. David
Reeves is a trustee of the Elwani Trust.
2 11,597,223 New Ordinary Shares are held in the Bodmin Super Fund whose trustees and beneficiaries are David and Eleanor Reeves.
3 87,385,940ordinary shares were held by Parallel Resources Ltd., a company wholly owned by Mr and Mrs Lamming.
In addition, D Reeves and R Lamming hold 143,741,001 and 112,491,001 warrants entitling them to subscribe
for the same number of ordinary shares at a price of 0.24p per share at any time up to 31 August 2021.
On 18 January 2021 D Reeves and B Moritz subscribed for 63,636,364 and 36,363,636 New Ordinary Shares
respectively, and on 15 February 2021 B Moritz and R Lamming subscribed for 17,391,304 and 26,086,957 New
Ordinary Shares respectively.
Directors’ remuneration and service contracts
Details of remuneration payable to Directors as disclosed in note 11 to these financial statements:
B Moritz
D Reeves
R Lamming
Remuneration
£’000
Share-based
payments
£’000
42
24
272
338
–
–
46
46
2020
Total
£’000
42
24
318
384
2019
Total
£’000
29
18
149
196
The Company had established a share appreciation rights scheme to incentivise Directors and senior
management. Compensation paid to R Lamming of £119,828 on the cancellation of this scheme, as fully set out
in note 23, is included in his remuneration figure above.
16 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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Statement of Directors’ responsibilities
The Directors are responsible for preparing the strategic report, the directors’ report and the financial
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the
Directors have elected to prepare the Group and Parent Company financial statements in accordance with
International Financial Reporting Standards (‘IFRS’) as adopted by the European Union. Under company law the
Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view
of the state of affairs of the Group and Parent Company and of the profit or loss of the Group and Parent
Company for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:
•
•
•
•
select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether the financial statements comply with IFRS as adopted by the European Union, subject to
any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
Group and Company will continue in business.
The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain
the Group’s and Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position
of the Company and the Group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the
Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and
hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The Company is compliant with AIM Rule 26 regarding the Company’s website.
Statement of disclosure to auditor
Each Director at the date of approval of this report confirms that;
So far as they are aware,
•
•
there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware; and
they have taken all steps that they ought to have taken to make themselves aware of any relevant audit
information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information.
Auditor
A resolution to re-appoint PKF Littlejohn LLP as auditor will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. PKF
Littlejohn LLP has indicated its willingness to continue in office.
By order of the Board
Brian Moritz
Director
23 February 2021
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 17
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 18
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Keras
Resources Plc
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Keras Resources Plc (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries (the
‘group’) for the year ended 30 September 2020 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive
Income, the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity,
the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Parent Company Statements of Financial Position, the Parent
Company Statements of Changes in Equity, the Parent Company Statements of Cash Flows and notes to the
financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework
that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards
(IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union and as regards the parent company financial statements, as applied
in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006.
In our opinion:
•
•
•
•
the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and of the parent company’s
affairs as at 30 September 2020 and of the group’s and parent company’s loss for the year then ended;
the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with international accounting
standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006;
the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with international
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and as applied in
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the
audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company
in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK,
including the FRC’s Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to
report to you where:
•
•
the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements
is not appropriate; or
the directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that may
cast significant doubt about the group’s or the parent company’s ability to continue to adopt the going
concern basis of accounting for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the financial
statements are authorised for issue.
Our application of materiality
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. The quantitative and qualitative
thresholds for materiality determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit
procedures. Group materiality was £70,000 (2018: £35,000) based upon gross assets, with the increase in
materiality compared to the prior year being as a result of the increase in the Group’s assets (excluding the
investment in Calidus) in the year. The parent company has no trading activity and materiality was £40,000 (2018:
£28,000) based loss before tax. For each component in the scope of our group audit, we allocated a materiality
that was less than our overall group materiality.
18 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 19
An overview of the scope of our audit
In designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the financial
statements. In particular, we looked at areas involving significant accounting estimates and judgement by the
Directors and considered future events that are inherently uncertain. Such areas include the assessment of the
recoverability of capitalised exploration costs and the investment in associate, as well as the assessment of the
Group’s going concern status. As noted below, all of these matters have been raised as key audit matters. We
also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including among other matters
consideration of whether there was evidence of bias that represented a risk of material misstatement due to
fraud. Of the reporting components of the Group, we concentrated our testing on two components comprising
entities which represent the principal business activities within the Group. Of the two components selected,
we performed audit procedures on significant areas based on size or risk profile, or in response to potential
risks of material misstatement to the Group.
Key audit matters
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit
of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on:
the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement
team. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.
Key Audit Matter
Going concern
How the scope of our audit responded to the key audit
matter
The Group made a loss for the year ended
30 September 2020 totalling £1.257m.
Given the level of cash held by the Group at the
year end, there is a risk that the Group may need
to raise further finance during the next 12 months
in order to maintain its going concern status and
may not be successful in raising additional finance.
We obtained and reviewed Management’s latest
cashflow forecasts covering the going concern
period; challenging the key assumptions, reviewing
the mathematical accuracy of the forecast and
conducting sensitivity analysis.
We ascertained the Group’s current cash position and
performance post year end.
See note 2 for disclosure of the Directors’
justification for assessing the Group and Company
as a going concern.
We also discussed with Management the Group’s
funding commitments in respect of Falcon Isle
Resources, LLC.
It was ascertained that the Group’s forecasted net
cash outflows over the going concern period, on a
contractual and committed basis, were less than the
latest cash position. The
the
assumptions underpinning it were found to be
reasonable.
forecast and
As a result, assurance has been gained that it is
appropriate to prepare the Group and Company
financial statements on the going concern basis and
that no material uncertainty exists.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 19
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 20
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Keras
Resources Plc
continued
Key Audit Matter
Classification and recoverability of investment in
Falcon Isle Resources, LLC.
How the scope of our audit responded to the key audit
matter
During the year, the Company entered into an
agreement to earn into a controlling 51% interest
in US entity Falcon Isle Resources, LLC, the 100%
owner of the operating Diamond Creek phosphate
mine in Utah.
We confirmed the Company’s ownership of the
investment in Falcon Isle Resources, LLC and reviewed
the underlying agreement(s); evaluating
the
existence of control versus significant influence and
ensuring the investment was treated accordingly.
There is a risk the investment has not been
correctly classified and thus accounted for in
accordance with IFRS 3, IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IAS 28
on the date of acquisition and at the year-end, in
accordance with the assessment of control versus
significant influence.
Additionally, there is a risk that the investment
may not be fully recoverable.
See note 16 for further commentary.
Recoverability of Intangible Assets – prospecting
and exploration rights
The group has intangible assets of £1.069 million
(note 15) as at 30 September 2020, comprising
prospecting and exploration rights, which is tested
annually for impairment.
Where value in use is applicable, the estimated
recoverable amount is subjective due to inherent
uncertainty
and
in
discounting future cashflows.
forecasting
involved
We gained assurance over the accuracy, existence,
completeness and valuation of Falcon Isle Resources
LLC’s net assets at the date of initial recognition and
at year-end, together with its profit or loss for the
period and ensured any US GAAP to IFRS adjustments
required on consolidation of the investee were
correctly adjusted.
We ensured that amounts advanced to Falcon Isle
Resources, LLC, which enabled the Company to
acquire a 40% shareholding at year-end, were
correctly treated in accordance with IAS 28.
We agree with Management’s classification of the
investment and no indicators of impairment have
been identified.
We confirmed the Group held good title to the
underlying exploration licenses and assessed whether
any indicators of impairment exist.
Where applicable, we reviewed management’s value
in use calculations to include the key assumptions
therein. We performed sensitivity analysis on the
headroom to probable changes in key assumptions.
The exploration and evaluation assets in were
assessed with reference to the criteria listed within
IFRS 6, to include whether:
•
•
•
The licence is not expected to be renewed upon
expiry;
Substantive expenditure on further exploration
and evaluation is not budgeted or planned; and
Exploration and evaluation work to date
indicates that the carrying amount is unlikely to
be recovered from further development or sale.
consider Management’s
assessment of
We
impairment
in concluding no
impairment is required to be recognised at year-end.
reasonable
is
20 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 21
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information. Our
opinion on the group and parent company financial statements does not cover the other information and, except
to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion
thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other
information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial
statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we
identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine
whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other
information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of
this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
•
•
the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal
requirements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment
obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or
the directors’ report.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
•
•
•
•
adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our
audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns;
or
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the
preparation of the group and parent company financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true
and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of
financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the group and parent company financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing
the group’s and the parent company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters
related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to
liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 21
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 22
Independent Auditor’s Report to the Members of Keras
Resources Plc
continued
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial
Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our
auditor’s report.
Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the
Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members
those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone, other than the company and the
company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
David Thompson (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of PKF Littlejohn LLP
Statutory Auditor
23 February 2021
15 Westferry Circus
Canary Wharf
London E14 4HD
22 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 23
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
for the year ended 30 September 2020
Continuing operations
Revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Recovery of costs of bulk sample
Administrative and exploration expenses
Loss from operating activities
Finance costs
Net finance costs
Share of net loss of associates accounted for using the equity method
Results from operating activities after finance costs
Tax
Loss for the year from continuing operations
Other comprehensive income – items that may be
subsequently reclassified to profit or loss
Exchange translation on foreign operations
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Change in fair value of equity investments at fair value though
other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive loss for the year
Loss attributable to:
Owners of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Loss for the year
Total comprehensive loss attributable to:
Owners of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Total comprehensive loss for the year
Earnings per share from continuing and discontinued operations
Basic and diluted loss per share (pence)
From continuing operations
Basic and diluted loss per share (pence)
Notes
8
12
13
22
22
2020
£’000
–
–
–
–
(1,235)
(1,235)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(1,242)
–
(1,242)
2019
£’000
–
–
–
681
(1,147)
(466)
(5)
(5)
–
(471)
–
(471)
(15)
32
–
(1,257)
(1,181)
(61)
(1,242)
(1,194)
(63)
(1,257)
(1,604)
(2,043)
(514)
43
(471)
(2,091)
48
(2,043)
(0.040)
(0.022)
(0.040)
(0.022)
The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 23
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 24
Consolidated statement of financial position
as at 30 September 2020
Assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets
Investments accounted for using the equity method
Non-current assets
Other investments
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Current assets
Total assets
Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Other reserves
Retained earnings/(deficit)
Equity attributable to owners of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Total equity
Liabilities
Trade and other payables
Current liabilities
Total liabilities
Total equity and liabilities
Notes
14
15
16
17
19
20
21
24
2020
£’000
263
1,069
1,622
2,954
–
83
438
521
3,475
487
2,637
16
8
3,148
(140)
3,008
467
467
467
2019
£’000
332
1,051
–
1,383
9,923
35
184
10,142
11,525
7,266
10,938
3,426
(10,310)
11,320
(76)
11,244
281
281
281
3,475
11,525
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 23 February 2021. They
were signed on its behalf by:
Brian Moritz
Director
The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
24 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 25
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 30 September 2020
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KERAS RESOURCES PLC 25
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 26
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 30 September 2019
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The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
26 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 27
Consolidated statement of cash flows
for the year ended 30 September 2020
Cash flows from operating activities
Loss from operating activities
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Share of loss of equity accounted associate
Compensation on cancellation of SARS scheme
Equity-settled share-based payments
Impairment
Foreign exchange differences
Changes in:
– trade and other receivables
– trade and other payables
Cash generated by/(used in) operating activities
Finance costs
Taxes paid
Net cash generated by/(used in) operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Exploration and licence expenditure
Investment in associate
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from issue of share capital
Net cash flows from financing activities
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at 30 September
2020
£’000
2019
£’000
(1,242)
(471)
76
4
120
63
–
(39)
(1,018)
2
278
(738)
–
–
(738)
–
(1)
(938)
(939)
1,931
1,931
254
184
438
28
–
–
78
155
36
(174)
(19)
(18)
(211)
–
–
(211)
(127)
(18)
–
(145)
323
323
(33)
217
184
The following significant non-cash transactions took place in the year ended 30 September 2020:
•
•
Shares were issued to settle a total of £899,000 due to creditors and certain directors, which includes
amounts previously advanced to Falcon Isle by certain directors totalling $700,000.
Under the Company’s capital reduction scheme, following approval by shareholders and by the High Court,
the Company’s entire holding of ordinary shares in Calidus was transferred to the Company’s shareholders.
The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 27
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 28
Company statement of financial position
as at 30 September 2020
Assets
Property, plant and equipment
Investments
Non-current assets
Other investments
Loans
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Current assets
Total assets
Equity
Share capital
Share premium
Other reserves
Retained earnings/(deficit)
Total equity attributable to owners of the Company
Liabilities
Trade and other payables
Current liabilities
Total liabilities
Total equity and liabilities
Notes
14
16
17
18
19
20
21
24
2020
£’000
–
1,622
1,622
–
1,534
70
428
2,032
3,654
487
2,637
63
285
3,472
182
182
182
2019
£’000
–
–
–
9,923
1,379
34
175
11,511
11,511
7,266
10,938
3,459
(10,401)
11,262
249
249
249
3,654
11,511
The Company has elected to take the exemption under Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 from presenting the
Parent Company profit and loss account. The Parent Company loss for the period was £811,000 (2019: loss of
£711,000).
The financial statements of Keras Resources PLC, company number 07353748, were approved by the Board of
Directors and authorised for issue on 23 February 2021. They were signed on its behalf by:
Brian Moritz
Director
The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
28 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 29
Company statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 30 September 2020
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The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 29
260607 Keras Resources pp18-pp30.qxp 03/03/2021 18:11 Page 30
Company statement of cash flows
for the year ended 30 September 2020
Cash flows from operating activities
Loss from operating activities
Adjustments for:
Depreciation
Share of loss of associate
Impairment/write off of loan
Compensation on cancellation of SARS scheme
Equity-settled share-based payments
Changes in:
– trade and other receivables
– trade and other payables
Cash generated by/(used in) operating activities
Finance costs
Net cash generated by (used in) operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Investment in associate
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from issue of share capital
Loans (to)/repaid by subsidiaries
Net cash flows from financing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at 30 September
2020
£’000
(811)
–
4
4
120
63
14
25
(581)
–
(581)
–
(938)
(938)
1,931
(159)
1,772
253
175
428
2019
£’000
(711)
–
–
159
–
78
(19)
(39)
(532)
–
(532)
–
–
–
323
176
499
(33)
208
175
The following significant non-cash transactions took place in the year ended 30 September 2020:
•
•
Shares were issued to settle a total of £899,000 due to creditors and certain directors, which includes
amounts previously advanced to Falcon Isle by certain directors totalling $700,000.
Under the Company’s capital reduction scheme, following approval by shareholders and by the High Court,
the Company’s entire holding of ordinary shares in Calidus was transferred to the Company’s shareholders.
The notes on pages 31 to 56 are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
30 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 31
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 September 2020
1. Reporting entity
Keras Resources PLC is a company domiciled in England and Wales. The address of the Company’s registered
office is 27/28 Eastcastle Street, London, W1W 8DH. The Group currently operates as a miner of and explorer
for mineral resources.
2. Going concern
The Directors have adopted the going concern basis in preparing the Group and Company financial statements.
The Group’s and Company’s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development,
performance and position are set out in the Chairman’s Statement and Strategic Report. In addition, note 25 to
the Financial Statements includes the Group’s policies and processes for managing its financial risk management
objectives.
The Group is not required to make further loans to or investments in Falcon Isle Resources LLC, which is forecast
to be cash flow positive within the current year. The Nayéga mine in Togo is in a position to commence
operations when the exploitation licence is granted. Capital expenditure to expand production and working
capital will be primarily provided in the short term by a loan in association with an offtake agreement which has
been agreed in principle.
Since the end of the year the Company has raised a further £1,550,000, before costs, by the issue of New
Ordinary Shares.
On this basis, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company have adequate resources
to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.
The Directors do not believe that Covid 19 has had a material effect on the Company or its operations other
than travel restrictions which restrict the ability of management to visit operations in Tog and the USA. This has
been mitigated by increased home working and use of electronic communications. The Directors expect
international travel to become easier in the foreseeable future. As such, the Directors continue to adopt the
going concern basis of accounting.
3. Basis of preparation
Statement of compliance
(a)
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting
Standards (“IFRSs”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and as adopted by the
European Union, and the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to entities reporting in accordance with IFRS.
(b) Basis of measurement
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis unless otherwise stated.
Functional and presentation currency
(c)
These consolidated financial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling (‘GBP’ or ‘£’), which is the Group’s
functional currency and is considered by the Directors to be the most appropriate presentation currency to
assist the users of the financial statements. All financial information presented in GBP has been rounded to the
nearest thousand, except when otherwise indicated.
(d) Use of estimates and judgements
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS, as adopted by the EU, requires
management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies
and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and associated assumptions
are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the
circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making judgements about carrying values of assets and
liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 31
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
3. Basis of preparation continued
(d) Use of estimates and judgements (continued)
Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are
recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the
period of revision and future periods of the revision if it affects both current and future periods.
Critical estimates and assumptions that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the
consolidated financial statements and/or have a significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment within the
next financial year are as follows:
•
•
•
•
Carrying value of intangible assets
– Notes 4(e)(i) and 15
Intercompany receivables (Company only)
Carrying value of investment in associate
Fair value of share options and warrants
– Note 18
– Note 16
– Note 21
4. Significant accounting policies
The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these
consolidated financial statements, and have been applied consistently by Group entities.
(a) Basis of consolidation
Business combinations
(i)
The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method when control is transferred to the
Group. The consideration transferred in the acquisition is generally measured at fair value, as are identifiable
net assets acquired. Any goodwill that arises is tested annually for impairment. Any gain on a bargain purchase
is recognised in profit or loss immediately. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred, except if related to the
issue of debt or equity securities. The consideration transferred does not include amounts related to the
settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts generally are recognised in profit or loss.
Subsidiaries
(ii)
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has
rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through
its power over the entity. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial
statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases. On disposal of subsidiaries,
any amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in respect of that entity are accounted for
as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities. This might mean that amounts previously
recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss.
(iii) Associates
Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting after initially being
recognised at cost. Loans to associates denominated in US$ are recognised in sterling in the financial statements
at the year end exchange rate.
Loss of control
(iv)
When the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognises the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, and
any related non-controlling interests and other components of equity. Any resulting gain or loss is recognised
in profit or loss. Any interest retained in the former subsidiary is measured at fair value when control is lost.
Transactions eliminated on consolidation
(v)
Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group
transactions, are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.
32 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 33
Foreign currency
(b)
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into the respective functional currencies of Group entities at
exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign
currencies are translated into the functional currency at the reporting date.
Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are measured at fair value in a foreign
currency are translated to the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined.
Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the
exchange rate at the date of the transaction.
Foreign operations
(i)
The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and the fair value adjustments arising on
acquisition, are translated to GBP at exchange rates at the reporting date. The income and expenses of foreign
operations are translated to GBP at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.
Foreign currency differences are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in the translation
reserve except to the extent that the translation difference is allocated to non-controlling interests. When a
foreign operation is disposed of in its entirety or partially such that control, significant influence or joint control
is lost, the cumulative amount in the translation reserve related to that foreign operation is reclassified to profit
or loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal. If the Group disposes of part of its interest in a subsidiary but
retains control, then the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reattributed to non-controlling
interests. When the Group disposes of only part of an associate or joint venture while retaining significant
influence or joint control, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reclassified to profit or loss.
(c)
Financial instruments
Financial assets
(i)
The Group’s financial assets measured at amortised cost comprise trade and other receivables, cash and cash
equivalents and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income in the consolidated statement
of financial position.
Trade receivables and intra group balances are initially recognised at fair value. New impairment requirements
use an expected credit loss model to recognise an allowance. For receivables a simplified approach to measure
expected credit losses during a lifetime expected loss allowance is available and has been adopted by the Group.
During this process the probability of non-payment of the receivables is assessed. This probability is then
multiplied by the amount of the expected loss arising from default to determine the lifetime expected credit
loss for the receivables. For trade receivables, which are reported net, such provisions are recorded in a separate
provision account with the loss being reported within the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.
On confirmation that the trade and intra group receivable will not be collectable, the gross carrying value of
the asset is written off against the provision.
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
These assets are initially measured at fair value. Subsequent to initial recognition, they are measured at fair
value and changes therein, other than impairment losses and interest income, are recognised in OCI and
accumulated in the fair value reserve. When these assets are derecognised, any related balance within the FVOCI
reserve is reclassified to retained earnings.
(ii) Non-derivative financial liabilities
The Group initially recognises debt securities issued and subordinated liabilities on the date that they are
originated. All other financial liabilities are recognised initially on the trade date, which is the date that the Group
becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
The Group derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged, cancelled or expire.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 33
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 34
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
4. Significant accounting policies continued
The Group classifies non-derivative financial liabilities into the other financial liabilities category. Such financial
liabilities are recognised initially at fair value less any directly attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial
recognition, these financial liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Other financial liabilities comprise trade and other payables.
Share capital
(iii)
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares
are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.
(d) Property, plant and equipment
Recognition and measurement
(i)
Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any
accumulated impairment losses. Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the
asset.
When parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as
separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment.
Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment (calculated as the difference between
the net proceeds from disposal and the carrying amount of the item) is recognised in profit or loss.
Subsequent expenditure
(ii)
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated
with the expenditure will flow to the Group. Ongoing repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred.
(iii) Depreciation
Items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis in the statement of
comprehensive income over the estimated useful lives of each component.
Items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated from the date that they are installed and are ready for
use, or in respect of internally constructed assets, from the date that the asset is completed and ready for use.
The estimated useful lives of significant items of property, plant and equipment are as follows:
•
•
•
•
plant and equipment
10 years
office equipment
computer equipment
motor vehicles
2 years
2 years
5 years
Depreciation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if
appropriate.
(e)
Intangible assets
Prospecting and exploration rights
(i)
Rights acquired with subsidiaries are recognised at fair value at the date of acquisition. Other rights acquired
and evaluation expenditure are recognised at cost.
(ii) Other intangible assets
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group and have finite useful lives are measured at cost less
accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.
34 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 35
Subsequent expenditure
(iii)
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the
specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure, including expenditure on internally generated goodwill
and brands, is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
(iv) Amortisation
Intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis in profit or loss over their estimated useful lives, from
the date that they are available for use.
The estimated useful lives are as follows:
•
Prospecting and exploration rights - Life of mine based on units of production
Amortisation methods, useful lives and residual values are reviewed at each reporting date and adjusted if
appropriate.
Amortisation is included within administrative expenses in the statement of comprehensive income.
(f)
Impairment
Non-derivative financial assets
(i)
A financial asset not classified as at fair value through profit or loss is assessed at each reporting date to
determine whether there is objective evidence that it is impaired. A financial asset is impaired if there is objective
evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset,
and had an impact on the estimated future cash flows from that asset that can be estimated reliably.
Objective evidence that financial assets are impaired includes default or delinquency by a debtor, restructuring
of an amount due to the Group on terms that the Group would not consider otherwise, indications that a debtor
or issuer will enter bankruptcy, adverse changes in the payment status of borrowers or issuers, economic
conditions that correlate with defaults or the disappearance of an active market for a security. In addition, for
an investment in an equity security, a significant or prolonged decline in its fair value below its cost is objective
evidence of impairment.
Financial assets measured at amortised cost
The Group considers evidence of impairment for financial assets measured at amortised cost (loans and
receivables) at both a specific asset and collective level. All individually significant assets are assessed for specific
impairment. Those found not to be specifically impaired are then collectively assessed for any impairment that
has been incurred but not yet identified. Assets that are not individually significant are collectively assessed for
impairment by grouping together assets with similar risk characteristics.
In assessing collective impairment, the Group uses historical trends of the probability of default, the timing of
recoveries and the amount of loss incurred, adjusted for management’s judgement as to whether current
economic and credit conditions are such that the actual losses are likely to be greater or less than suggested by
historical trends.
An impairment loss in respect of a financial asset measured at amortised cost is calculated as the difference
between its carrying amount and the present value of the estimated future cash flows discounted at the asset’s
original effective interest rate. Losses are recognised in profit or loss and reflected in an allowance against loans
and receivables. Interest on the impaired asset continues to be recognised. When an event occurring after the
impairment was recognised causes the amount of impairment loss to decrease, the decrease in impairment loss
is reversed through profit or loss.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 35
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 36
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
4. Significant accounting policies continued
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Impairment losses on financial assets at FVOCI are recognised by reclassifying the losses accumulated in the fair
value reserve to profit or loss. The amount reclassified is the difference between the acquisition cost (net of
any principal repayment and amortisation) and the current fair value, less any impairment previously recognised
in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in profit or loss for an investment in an equity instrument classified
as FVOCI are not reversed through profit or loss.
(ii) Non-financial assets
The carrying amounts of the Group’s non-financial assets are reviewed at each reporting date to determine
whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is
estimated. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested annually for impairment or when there is an indication
of impairment. An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or Cash Generating Unit
(‘CGU’) exceeds its recoverable amount.
The recoverable amount of an asset of CGU is the greater of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell.
In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax
discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the
asset or CGU. For the purpose of impairment testing, assets are grouped together into the smallest group of
assets that generates cash inflows from continuing use that are largely independent of the cash inflows of other
assets or CGUs. Subject to an operating segment ceiling test, CGUs to which goodwill has been allocated are
aggregated so that the level at which impairment testing is performed reflects the lowest level at which goodwill
is monitored for internal reporting purposes. Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated to groups
of CGUs that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.
Impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. Impairment losses recognised in respect of CGUs are allocated
first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the CGU (group of CGUs), and then to reduce
the carrying amounts of the other assets in the CGU (group of CGUs) on a pro rata basis.
An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying
amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been
recognised.
(g)
Employee benefits
Share-based payments
The grant-date fair value of share-based payment awards granted to employees is recognised as an employee
expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period that the employees become unconditionally
entitled to the awards. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the number of awards for
which the related service and non-market performance conditions are expected to be met, such that the amount
ultimately recognised as an expense is based on the number of awards that meet the related service and non-
market performance conditions at the vesting date. For share-based payment awards with non-vesting
conditions, the grant-date fair value of the share-based payment is measured to reflect such conditions and
there is no adjustment for differences between expected and actual outcomes.
(h) Discontinued operations
A discontinued operation is a component of the Group’s business, the operations and cash flows of which can
be clearly distinguished from the rest of the Group and which:
–
–
–
Represents a separate major line of business or geographic area of operations;
Is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographic area of
operations; or
Is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to re-sale.
36 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 37
Classification as a discontinued operation occurs at the earlier of disposal or when the operation meets the
criteria to be classified as held-for-sale.
When an operation is classified as a discontinued operation, the comparative statements of profit or loss is re-
presented as if the operation had been discontinued from the start of the comparative year.
Revenue
(i)
Revenue from the sale of processed products is recognised when ownership of the product passes to the
purchaser in accordance with the relevant sales contract. Product mined and processed in the Republic of Togo
is shipped for smelting elsewhere, and ownership is likely to pass when the ship reaches international waters.
It is normal for the price to be based on the metal content and the moisture content of the product as well as
the weight. Both are tested prior to shipment to determine the price, but further adjustments may be made
when the product is tested once more on arrival. This adjustment is included in the sale price recognised in the
financial statements.
Finance income and finance costs
(j)
Finance income comprises interest income on bank funds. Interest income is recognised as it accrues in profit
or loss, using the effective interest method.
Finance costs comprise interest expense on borrowings. Borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the
period in which they are incurred.
Taxation
(k)
Tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current and deferred tax is recognised in profit or loss except
to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in other
comprehensive income.
Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates
enacted or substantially enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous
years. Current tax payable also includes any tax liability arising from the declaration of dividends.
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not
recognised for:
•
•
•
temporary differences on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business
combination and that affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss;
temporary differences related to investments in subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities to the extent
that it is probable that they will not reverse in the foreseeable future; and
taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.
Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they
reverse, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax liabilities
and assets, and they relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different
tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and
liabilities will be realised simultaneously.
Deferred tax assets are recognised for unused tax losses, unused tax credits and deductible temporary
differences to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can
be used. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no
longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised; such reductions are reversed when the probability
of future taxable profits improves.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 37
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 38
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
4. Significant accounting policies continued
Segment reporting
(l)
Segment results that are reported to management include items directly attributable to a segment as well as
those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis.
(m) Equity reserves
Share premium includes any premiums received on issue of share capital. Any transaction costs associated with
the issue of shares are deducted from share premium.
The share option/warrant reserve is used to recognise the fair value of equity-settled share based payment
transactions.
The exchange reserve is used to record exchange differences arising from the translation of foreign subsidiaries
into the presentation currency.
The financial assets at FVOCI reserve is used to record unrealised accumulated changes in fair value on financial
assets.
5. New standards and interpretations
Amendments to the following International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and International Accounting
Standards (IAS) have been implemented by the Group in the period ended 30 September 2020 and have changed
the Group’s accounting policies:
IFRS 16 Leases
IFRIC 23 Uncertainties over Income Tax Treatments
IAS 28 (amendments) Long-term interests in Associates and Joint Ventures
Effect of changes in accounting policies:
IFRS 16 replaced existing lease guidance. Leases had the impact of increasing both creditors and fixed assets
on the balance sheet by similar amounts that depend on the operating leases that the Group is party to during
the year. There has been no material impact to the financial statements on adoption of IFRS 16 or the other
standards adopted in the year.
Standards, Amendments to published Standards and Interpretations issued but not yet effective
Other new and amended standards and Interpretations issued by the IASB that will apply for the first time in
the next annual financial statements are not expected to impact the Group as they are either not relevant to
the Group’s activities or require accounting which is consistent with the Group’s current accounting policies.
6. Determination of fair values
A number of the Group’s accounting policies and disclosures require the determination of fair value, for both
financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. Fair values have been determined for measurement and/or
disclosure purposes based on the following methods. When applicable further information about the
assumptions made in determining fair values is disclosed in the notes specific to that asset or liability.
Property, plant and equipment
(i)
The fair value of property, plant and equipment recognised as a result of a business combination is the estimated
amount for which a property could be exchanged on the date of acquisition between a willing buyer and a willing
seller in an arm’s length transaction after proper marketing wherein the parties had each acted knowledgeably.
The fair value of items of plant and equipment is based on the market approach and cost approaches using
quoted market prices for similar items when available and depreciated replacement cost when appropriate.
Depreciated replacement cost reflects adjustments for physical deterioration as well as functional and economic
obsolescence.
38 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 39
Intangible assets
(ii)
The fair value of other intangible assets is based on the discounted cash flows expected to be derived from the
use and eventual sale of the assets.
(iii) Trade and other receivables
The fair value of trade and other receivables is estimated at the present value of future cash flows, discounted
at the market rate of interest at the reporting date. This fair value is determined for disclosure purposes or
when such assets are acquired in a business combination.
(iv) Share-based payments
The fair value of the employee share options is measured using the Black-Scholes formula. Measurement inputs
include the share price on the measurement date, the exercise price of the instrument, expected volatility (based
on an evaluation of the Company’s historic volatility, particularly over the historic period commensurate with
the expected term), expected term of the instruments (based on historical experience and general option holder
behaviour), expected dividends, and the risk-free interest rate (based on government bonds). Service and non-
market performance conditions attached to the transactions are not taken into account in determining fair
value.
Investments – other
(v)
When one is available, the Group measures the fair value of an instrument using the quoted price in an active
market for that instrument. A market is regarded as active if transactions for the asset or liability take place with
sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. A discount is applied to
the value of any Performance shares to reflect the possibility that the milestones for conversion into ordinary
shares may not be met.
7. Operating segments
The Group considers that it operated during the year in one distinct business area, being that of manganese
production and exploration in West Africa. This business area forms the basis of the Group’s operating segments.
For each segment, the Group’s Managing Director (the chief operating decision maker) reviews internal
management reports on at least a quarterly basis.
Subsequent to the year end the Group has commenced phosphate mining in Utah, USA, which will comprise a
separate operating segment.
Other operations relate to the Group’s administrative functions conducted at its head office and by its
intermediate holding company together with consolidation adjustments.
Information regarding the results of each reportable segment is included below. Performance is measured
based on segment result before tax, as included in the internal management reports that are reviewed by the
Group’s Managing Director. Segment results are used to measure performance as management believes that
such information is the most relevant in evaluating the performance of certain segments relative to other
entities that operate within the exploration industry.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 39
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
7. Operating segments continued
Information about reportable segments
2020
External revenue
Interest expense
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
Share of associate loss
(Loss)/profit before tax
Assets
Exploration and capital expenditure
Liabilities
2019
External revenue
Interest expense
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
(Loss)/profit before tax
Assets
Exploration and capital expenditure
Liabilities
Manganese
£’000
Phosphate
£’000
Other
operations
£’000
–
–
76
–
(405)
1,011
1
285
–
–
–
(4)
(4)
1,622
–
–
–
–
–
–
(833)
842
–
182
Manganese/
cobalt
£’000
Other
operations
£’000
–
–
183
134
1,050
145
28
–
–
–
(605)
10,475
–
253
Total
£’000
–
–
76
–
(1,242)
3,475
1
467
Total
£’000
–
–
183
(471)
11,525
145
281
The Group was awarded exploration licenses during 2017 in West Africa on ground containing previously
discovered cobalt and nickel mineralisation. These licences have been impaired in the year to 30 September
2019.
Information about geographical segments
2020
External revenue
Interest expense
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
Share of associate loss
(Loss)/profit before tax
Assets
Exploration and capital expenditure
Liabilities
West Africa
£’000
–
–
76
–
(405)
1,011
1
285
2019
External revenue
Interest expense
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
(Loss)/profit before tax
Assets
Exploration and capital expenditure
Liabilities
US
£’000
–
–
–
4
(4)
1,622
–
–
West Africa
£’000
–
–
183
134
1,050
145
28
Other
£’000
–
–
76
–
(833)
842
–
182
Other
£’000
–
–
–
(605)
10,475
–
253
Total
£’000
–
–
4
(1,242)
3,475
1
467
Total
£’000
–
–
183
(471)
11,525
145
281
40 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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8. Surplus on production of bulk sample
Amounts received for bulk sample
Direct production costs of bulk sample
9. Expenses
Expenses include:
Depreciation and amortisation expense
Impairment of nickel and cobalt licence
Costs associated with the capital reduction satisfied by the Calidus share distribution
Auditor’s remuneration
– Audit fee
– Tax advisory services
Foreign exchange differences
2020
£’000
–
–
–
2020
£’000
76
–
–
23
–
4
Auditor’s remuneration in respect of the Company amounted to £10,000 (2019: £10,000).
10. Personnel expenses
Wages and salaries
Fees
Equity-settled share-based payments (see note 23)
2020
£’000
446
158
183
787
2019
£’000
1,495
(814)
681
2019
£’000
28
155
100
21
20
28
2019
£’000
135
149
78
362
Fees in respect of the services of D Reeves are payable to a third party, Wilgus Investments (Pty) Limited.
Fees in respect of the services of R Lamming are payable to a third party, Parallel Resources Limited for part of
the period.
The average number of employees (including directors) during the period was:
Directors
Key management personnel
Other
2020
2019
3
1
3
7
3
–
3
6
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 41
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
11. Directors’ emoluments
2020
Wages and salaries (incl. fees)
Compensation payment resulting from SARS cancellation (see note 23)
2019
Wages and salaries (incl. fees)
Executive
directors
£’000
Non-executive
directors
£’000
152
120
272
66
–
66
Executive
directors
£’000
Non-executive
directors
£’000
149
149
47
47
These amounts are disclosed by director in the Directors’ report on page 16.
Emoluments disclosed above include the following amounts payable to the highest paid director:
Emoluments for qualifying services
2020
£’000
272
Total
£’000
218
120
338
Total
£’000
196
196
2019
£’000
149
Key management personnel
Included in note 10 are emoluments paid to key management personnel in the year which amounted to £71,000
(2019: £nil).
12. Finance costs
Recognised in loss for period
Other
2020
£’000
3
3
2019
£’000
5
5
42 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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13. Taxation
Current tax
Tax recognised in profit or loss
Current tax
Current period
Deferred tax
Origination and reversal of temporary differences
Total tax
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Loss before tax (continuing operations)
Tax using the Company’s domestic tax rate of 19.0% (2019: 19.0%)
Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Overseas (profits)/losses
Equity-settled share-based payments
Tax losses carried forward not recognised as a deferred tax asset
2020
£’000
2019
£’000
–
–
–
2020
£’000
(1,242)
(236)
3
93
12
128
–
–
–
–
2019
£’000
(471)
(89)
35
(15)
15
54
–
None of the components of other comprehensive income have a tax impact.
Factors that may affect future tax charges
At the year end, the Group had unused tax losses available for offset against suitable future profits of
approximately £5,771,000 (2019: £5,097,000). A deferred tax asset has not been recognised in respect of such
losses due to uncertainty of future profit streams.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 43
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
14. Property, plant and equipment
Group
Cost
Balance at 1 October 2018
Additions
Disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Additions
Disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2020
Depreciation and impairment provisions
Balance at 1 October 2018
Depreciation for the year
Depreciation on disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Depreciation for the year
Depreciation on disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2020
Carrying amounts
At 30 September 2018
At 30 September 2019
At 30 September 2020
Plant and
equipment
£’000
Office and
computer
equipment
£’000
Motor
vehicles
£’000
Total
£’000
232
127
–
1
360
360
–
(39)
8
329
2
27
–
–
29
29
76
(39)
1
67
230
331
262
31
–
–
–
31
31
–
(6)
–
25
29
1
–
–
30
30
–
(6)
–
24
2
1
1
26
–
(7)
–
19
19
–
(19)
–
–
26
–
(7)
–
19
19
–
(19)
–
–
–
–
–
289
127
(7)
1
410
410
–
(64)
8
354
57
28
(7)
–
78
78
76
(64)
1
91
232
332
263
44 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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Company
Cost
Balance at 1 October 2018
Transfers
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Transfers
Balance at 30 September 2020
Depreciation and impairment provisions
Balance at 1 October 2018
Depreciation for the year
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Depreciation for the year
Balance at 30 September 2020
Carrying amounts
At 30 September 2018
At 30 September 2019
At 30 September 2020
Plant and
equipment
£’000
Computer
equipment
£’000
230
(230)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
230
–
–
5
–
5
5
–
5
5
–
5
5
–
5
–
–
–
Total
£’000
235
(230)
5
5
–
5
5
–
5
5
–
5
230
–
–
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 45
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
15. Intangible assets
Cost
Balance at 1 October 2018
Additions
Disposals
Effect of movement in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Additions
Disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2020
Amortisation and impairment losses
Balance at 1 October 2018
Impairment
Amortisation
Disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 1 October 2019
Impairment
Amortisation
Disposals
Effect of movements in exchange rates
Balance at 30 September 2020
Carrying amounts
Balance at 30 September 2018
Balance at 30 September 2019
Balance at 30 September 2020
Prospecting
and
exploration
rights
£000
1,193
18
–
(5)
1,206
1,206
1
–
20
1,227
–
155
–
–
–
155
155
–
–
–
3
158
1,193
1,051
1,069
The carrying value of the prospecting and exploration rights is supported by the estimated resource and current
market values.
46 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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16. Investments in subsidiaries and associates
Company – subsidiaries
Equity investments
Balance at beginning of period
Additions
Disposals
Balance at 30 September
Directly
Keras West Africa Limited
Southern Iron Limited
Indirectly
Société Générale des Mines SA
Kamnico SARL
2020
£’000
2019
£’000
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Activity
Country of
incorporation
Ownership interest
2020
2019
Investment
Investment
United Kingdom
Guernsey
Exploration
Exploration
Togo
Togo
100%
100%
85%
–
100%
100%
85%
100%
Registered offices of subsidiary companies are:
Southern Iron Limited, 1st Floor, Elizabeth House, Les Ruettes Brayes, St Peter Port, Guernsey
Société Générale des Mines, Quartier Adidogome Apedokoe 02, BP 20022, Lome, Togo
On 17 January 2020, the Group announced its intention to relinquish its rights to the Kamina Cobalt & Nickel
Project and wind down its 100% owned subsidiary, Kamnico SARL. Its immediate parent undertaking, Keras
West Africa Limited, has been dissolved. These actions were taken by the Group as it was considered that
exploration activity in Togo should be concentrated on expanding its resources on manganese rather than
exploring for other metals. The cobalt and nickel licences were fully impaired in the previous year.
Group – associates
Accounted for using the equity method
At 1 October
Additions – including acquisition costs
Share of loss for the period
At 30 September
Company – associates
At 1 October
Additions – including acquisition costs
Share of loss for the period
At 30 September
Directly
Falcon Isle Resources LLC
2020
£’000
–
1,626
(4)
1,622
2020
£’000
–
1,626
(4)
1,622
2019
£’000
–
–
–
–
2019
£’000
–
–
–
Activity
Mining
Country of
incorporation
Ownership interest
2020
2019
USA
40%
–
The interest in Falcon Isle was acquired for nominal consideration under a binding heads of terms dated 28 July
2020. Under this agreement the Company agreed to provide US$2.5m in loans to Falcon Isle payable in agreed
tranches. Falcon Isle is the 100% owner of the Diamond Creek phosphate mine located in in Utah (USA) which
is a fully permitted, high grade direct shipping ore organic phosphate operating mine.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 47
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
16. Investments in subsidiaries and associates continued
At 30 September 2020 the Company had advanced US$ 1.9m to Falcon Isle, resulting in an equity interest of
40% and bringing the cost of the investment in the associate to £1,626,000. Subsequent to the year end the
Company has advanced the balance of $0.6m and its equity interest has increased to 51%.
Summarised financial information for associates
Set out below are the summarised financial information for Falcon Isle Resources, LLC which are accounted for
using the equity method.
Summarised Statement of Financial Position
2020
£000
249
203
190
642
1
1
53
446
509
2020
£000
141
(55)
86
(97)
(11)
–
(11)
–
(11)
Current
Cash and cash equivalents
Inventory
Other current assets
Total current assets
Trade and other payables
Total current liabilities
Non-current
Tangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets
Total non-current assets
Summary of Statement of Comprehensive Income
Revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Expenses
Profit before tax
Tax
Post tax profit from continuing activities
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income
48 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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17. Other investments
Group and company
Equity securities – financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
At 1 October
Value adjustment recognised in equity
Disposal via demerger
At 30 September
2020
£’000
9,923
–
(9,923)
–
2019
£’000
11,527
(1,604)
–
9,923
Equity securities represented ordinary and performance shares in Calidus Resources Limited (“Calidus”), a
company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (“ASX”). These shares have been re-measured to fair value
through other comprehensive income. Fair value was the mid-market price of Calidus ordinary shares on the
ASX, discounted in the case of performance shares to reflect the possibility that the milestones for conversion
to ordinary shares will not be achieved. Under ASX rules, these shares were held in escrow until 22 June 2019.
The financial asset was denominated in Australian dollars.
18. Loans
Company - current
Balance at beginning of period
Funds advanced to subsidiaries
Repaid/impaired
Balance at 30 September
2020
£’000
1,379
159
(4)
1,534
2019
£’000
1,484
230
(335)
1,379
All loans to subsidiaries are currently unsecured and interest free and repayable on demand. All loans are
denominated in GBP.
19. Trade and other receivables
Group
Other receivables
Prepayments
Company
Other receivables
Prepayments
2020
£’000
71
12
83
2020
£’000
58
12
70
2019
£’000
25
10
35
2019
£’000
24
10
34
Other receivables are stated at their nominal value less allowances for non-recoverability.
The Group and Company’s exposure to credit and currency risk is disclosed in note 25.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 49
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
20. Cash and cash equivalents
Group
Bank balances
Cash and cash equivalents
Company
Bank balances
Cash and cash equivalents
2020
£’000
438
438
2020
£’000
428
428
2019
£’000
184
184
2019
£’000
175
175
There is no material difference between the fair value of cash and cash equivalents and their book value.
21. Capital and reserves
Share capital
In issue at beginning of year
Issued for cash
Issued in settlement of debt
Cancelled under capital reduction
In issue at 30 September – fully paid
Resulting from capital reduction
Issued for cash
Issued in settlement of debt
In issue at 30 September – fully paid
In issue at beginning of year
Cancelled under capital reduction
In issue at 30 September – fully paid
Balance at beginning of year
Share issues
Deferred shares cancelled
Capital reduction
Balance at 30 September
50 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
Number of old ordinary shares
£0.001 each
2020
2019
2,491,358,439
7,000,000
–
(2,498,358,439)
2,289,133,439
87,500,000
114,725,000
–
–
2,491,358,439
Number of new ordinary shares
£0.001 each
2020
2019
2,498,358,439
1,646,678,326
720,971,086
4,866,007,851
–
–
–
–
Number of deferred shares
of £0.004 each
2020
2019
1,193,794,390
(1,193,794,390)
1,193,794,390
–
–
1,193,794,390
Ordinary and deferred
share capital
2020
£’000
2019
£’000
7,266
244
(4,775)
(2,248)
487
7,064
202
–
–
7,266
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 51
All ordinary shares rank equally with regard to the Company’s residual assets. The holders of ordinary shares
are entitled to receive dividends as declared from time to time, and are entitled to one vote per share at general
meetings of the Company.
Capital reduction
In accordance with a resolution passed at a general meeting held on 14 October 2019 the capital of the Company
was reduced. The capital reduction was approved by the High Court at two hearings held on 5 and 19 November
2019 as follows:
•
•
On 5 November 2019 the Company’s share premium account was cancelled; and
On 19 November 2019 the Company’s issued Deferred Shares were cancelled; and 0.09p of the capital
paid up on each issued ordinary share was cancelled, reducing the nominal value of each ordinary share in
issue to 0.01p.
Issues of ordinary shares
On 12 November 2019, 7,000,000 Old Ordinary Shares each were issued for cash at 0.36p per share.
On 17 January 2020, 73,110,423 New Ordinary Shares were issued to R Lamming at 0.1639p per share in
compensation for the loss suffered on cancellation of Share Appreciation rights vested to that date.
On 28 January 2020 206,666,660 New Ordinary Shares were issued for cash at 0.15p per share, and 6,666,660
New Ordinary Shares were issued at 0.15p per share to settle creditors.
On 13 August 2020, 1,191,230,001 New Ordinary Shares were issued and on 25 August 2020, 889,975,668 New
Ordinary Shares were issued, all at 0.12p per share. Of these shares;
•
•
•
•
1,440,011,666 were issued for cash,
78,739,000 were issued to settle creditors,
112,491,001 were issued to settle a finders fee; and
449,964,002 were issued to D Reeves and R Lamming, directors of the Company, in consideration of the
assignment to the Company of loans totalling $700,000, previously made by them to Falcon Isle.
Warrants
2020 2019
In issue at beginning of year
Lapsed in year
Lapsed in year
Issued in year
Exercised in year
In issue at 30 September
Average
exercise
price
0.36p
–
–
0.24p
0.36p
0.24p
Number
7,000,000
–
–
984,357,334
(7,000,000)
984,357,334
Average
exercise
price
0.48p
0.5p
0.46p
–
–
0.48p
Number
142,257,023
(75,714,280)
(59,542,743)
–
–
142,257,023
On 25 August 2020 984,357,334 warrants were issued to subscribers for the New Ordinary Shares issued on 13
and 25 August 2020, (other than the shares issued in settlement of the finder’s fee, but including shares issued
to D Reeves and R Lamming) on the basis of 1 warrant for every 2 shares subscribed. The warrants are exercisable
at price of 0.24p at any time up to 31 August 2021.
The weighted average remaining contractual life of the warrants outstanding is 335 days.
KERAS RESOURCES PLC 51
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
21. Capital and reserves continued
Other reserves
Share option/warrant reserve
The share option/warrant reserve comprises the cumulative entries made to the consolidated statement of
comprehensive income in respect of equity-settled share-based payments as adjusted for share options
cancelled.
Exchange reserve
The exchange reserve comprises all foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial
statements of foreign operations.
Fair value reserve
The fair value reserve comprised the cumulative net change in the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets
until the assets were derecognised or impaired.
22. Earnings per share
Basic and diluted earnings/(loss) per share
The calculation of basic earnings/(loss) per share at 30 September 2020 is based on the following (loss)/profit
attributable to ordinary shareholders and a weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue.
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders (£)
Continuing operations
Loss attributable to ordinary shareholders
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
Issued ordinary shares at beginning of year
Effect of shares issued
Weighted average number of ordinary shares
2020
(1,181,000)
(1,181,000)
2019
(514,000)
(514,000)
2020
2019
2,491,358,439
444,668,141
2,289,133,439
18,837,397
2,936,026,580
2,307,970,836
The warrants in issue are considered to be antidilutive and as a result, basic and diluted loss per share are the
same.
23. Share-based payments
On 28 April 2016, the Company established a Share Appreciation Right Scheme to incentivise Directors and
senior executives.
On 12 March 2018, 90,000,000 shares were granted at 0.36p per share with 30,000,000 vesting immediately,
30,000,000 vesting on 12 March 2019 and 30,000,000 vesting on 12 March 2020.
The Black Scholes pricing model was used to calculate the share based payment charge incorporating an annual
volatility rate of 60%, expected life of 2.5 years and risk free investment rate of 0.72%. The charge for the year
ended 30 September 2019 for these further rights which was included in administrative and exploration
expenses amounted to £78,000.
52 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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On 17 January 2020, the Company cancelled its existing share appreciation rights (“SAR”) scheme, following
the demerger of its holding of Calidus Shares, which resulted in a fundamental change to the underlying value
of its assets which was too great to be adjusted under the rules of the scheme. Russell Lamming, a director of
the company, held all of the 60,000,000 SARs which had vested prior to the demerger, and which he was
requested by the Board not to exercise during the period prior to the approval of the demerger by the High
Court. To compensate Mr Lamming for his loss caused by his agreeing not to exercise, calculated to be £119,828,
he was allotted 73,110,423 New Ordinary Shares credited as fully paid at the 30-day Volume Weighted Average
Price at the close of business on 16 January 2020 of 0.1639 pence per share.
The Company established an Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme to incentivise Directors and senior
executives. On 17 January 2020, 120,000,000 options were granted at £0.001639 with 10,000,000 vesting
immediately, 30,000,000 vesting on 9 March 2020, 30,000,000 vesting on 17 January 2021, 30,000,000 vesting
on 17 January 2022 and 20,000,000 vesting on 17 January 2023. The options lapse if not exercised within 5
years. Of the total, 90,000,000 options were granted to R Lamming, a Director.
The Black Scholes pricing model was used to calculate the share based payment charge incorporating an annual
volatility rate of 55%, expected life of between 2 and 5 years and risk free investment rate of between 0.23%
and 0.39%. The charge for the year ended 30 September 2020 for these rights which was included in
administrative and exploration expenses amounted to £63,000.
24. Trade and other payables
Group
Trade payables
Accrued expenses
Other payables
Company
Trade payables
Accrued expenses
Other payables
2020
£’000
104
228
135
467
2020
£’000
21
97
64
182
2019
£’000
108
155
18
281
2019
£’000
94
155
–
249
There is no material difference between the fair value of trade and other payables and accruals and their book
value. The Group’s and Company’s exposure to currency and liquidity risk related to trade and other payables is
disclosed in note 25.
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
25. Financial instruments
Financial risk management
The Group’s operations expose it to a variety of financial risks that include liquidity risk. The Group has in place
a risk management programme that seeks to limit the adverse effect of such risks on its financial performance.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails
to meet its contractual obligations.
Exposure to credit risk
The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure. The maximum exposure to
credit risk at the reporting date was as follows.
Group
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Company
Loans
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets at
amortised cost
Carrying amount
2020
£’000
67
438
505
2019
£’000
35
184
219
Financial assets at
amortised cost
Carrying amount
2020
£’000
2,998
56
428
3,482
2019
£’000
1,379
34
175
1,588
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting the obligations associated with its
financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial asset.
The Group reviews its facilities regularly to ensure it has adequate funds for operations and expansion plans.
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments and
excluding the impact of netting agreements.
Group
2020
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
54 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
Carrying
amount
£’000
Contractual
cash flows
£’000
2 months
or less
£’000
2-12 months
£’000
467
467
(467)
(467)
(78)
(78)
(389)
(389)
260607 Keras Resources pp31-imprint.qxp 03/03/2021 18:12 Page 55
Group
2019
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Company
2020
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Company
2019
Non-derivative financial liabilities
Trade and other payables
Carrying
amount
£’000
Contractual
cash flows
£’000
2 months
or less
£’000
2-12 months
£’000
281
281
(281)
(281)
(47)
(47)
(234)
(234)
Carrying
amount
£’000
Contractual
cash flows
£’000
2 months
or less
£’000
2-12 months
£’000
182
182
(182)
(182)
(30)
(30)
(152)
(152)
Carrying
amount
£’000
Contractual
cash flows
£’000
2 months
or less
£’000
2-12 months
£’000
249
249
(249)
(249)
(42)
(42)
(207)
(207)
Market risk
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices, such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity
prices will affect the Group’s income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market
risk management is to manage and control market risk exposures within acceptable parameters, while
optimising the return.
Currency risk
The Group is exposed to foreign currency risk on purchases that are denominated in currencies other than GBP.
The currencies giving rise to this risk are primarily the CFA Franc and the US dollar.
Fair values
The fair values of financial instruments such as trade and other receivables/payables are substantially equivalent
to carrying amounts reflected in the balance sheet.
Capital management
The Group’s objective when managing capital is to safeguard its accumulated capital in order to provide an
adequate return to shareholders by maintaining a sufficient level of funds, in order to support continued
operations.
The Group considers its capital to be total shareholders’ equity which at 30 September 2020 for the Group
totalled £3,148,000 (2019: £11,320,000) and for the Company totalled £3,472,000 (2019: £11,262,000).
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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
continued
26. Related parties
The Group’s related parties include its key management personnel and others as described below.
No guarantees have been given or received and all outstanding balances are usually settled in cash.
On 17 January 2020, the Company cancelled its existing Share Appreciation Rights scheme and R Lamming was
compensated for this. On the same day R Lamming was granted options under a new EMI option scheme. Full
details can be found in note 23.
Of the remuneration payable to D Reeves, £31,000 remains unpaid as at 30 September 2020 (2019 £7,000).
D Reeves and R Lamming agreed to convert loans of $700,000, previously made to Falcon Isle and assigned to
the Company, into New Ordinary Shares, thus 449,964,002 were issued at 0.12p per share as detailed in note
21. In addition, warrants to subscribe for 224,982,002 New Ordinary Shares at a price 0.24p per share were
issued to them.
Other related party transactions
Transactions with Group companies
The Company had the following related party balances from financing activities:
Southern Iron Limited
– Loans and receivables (interest free)
2020
£’000
2019
£’000
1,534
1,379
Southern Iron Limited had the following related party balances from financing activities:
Société Générale des Mines SA
– Loans and receivables (interest free)
27. Subsequent events
1,694
1,574
Issues of New Ordinary Shares
On 18 December 2020 the Company raised a total of £550,000 before costs by the issue of 500,000,000 New
Ordinary shares at 0.11p per share, of which 400,000,000 were issued immediately and 100,000,000 on 18
January 2021 following a General Meeting to grant increased authority to issue shares.
On 18 January 2021 the Company raised a total of £1,000,000 before costs by the issue of 917,565,217 New
Ordinary shares at 0.115p per share, of which 600,000,000 were issued immediately and 317,565,217 on
15 February 2021 following a General Meeting to grant increased authority to issue shares.
Falcon Isle
Since the end of the year the Company has advanced a further US$ 600,000 to Falcon Isle and, for nominal
consideration, has increased its equity holding from 40% to 51%, so that Falcon Isle is now a subsidiary of the
Company. The $600,000 will be accounted for as an investment.
56 KERAS RESOURCES PLC
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